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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacuinum_Sanitatis

Tacuinum Sanitatis

Tacuinum Sanitatis

Tacuina sanitatis (XIV century)

Taqwīm as‑Siḥḥa is originally an eleventh-century Arab medical treatise by Ibn Butlan of Baghdad. In the West, the work is known by the Latinized name taken by its translations: Tacuinum Sanitatis. It is a medieval handbook mainly on health, aimed at a cultured lay audience, the text exists in several variant Latin versions, the manuscripts of which are characteristically so profusely illustrated that one student called the Tacuinum "a [300] picture book", only "nominally a medical text". Though describing in detail the beneficial and harmful properties of foods and plants, it is far more than a herbal. Listing its contents organically rather than alphabetically, it sets forth the six essential elements for well-being: sufficient food and drink in moderation, fresh air, alternations of activity and rest, alternations of sleep and wakefulness, secretions and excretions of humours, and finally the effects of states of mind. Tacuinum Sanitatis says that illnesses result from imbalance of these elements. The British Library possesses in its Oriental Manuscripts collection a presentation copy of Taqwīm as‑Siḥḥa from 1213 copied in Arabic for al-Malik al-Ẓāhir, son of Saladin.

Taqwīm as‑Siḥḥa (تقويم الصحة Maintenance of Health) is originally an eleventh-century Arab medical treatise by Ibn Butlan of Baghdad. In the West, the work is known by the Latinized name taken by its translations: Tacuinum (sometimes Taccuinum) Sanitatis. It is a medieval handbook mainly on health, aimed at a cultured lay audience, the text exists in several variant Latin versions, the manuscripts of which are characteristically so profusely illustrated that one student called the Tacuinum "a [300] picture book", only "nominally a medical text". Though describing in detail the beneficial and harmful properties of foods and plants, it is far more than a herbal. Listing its contents organically rather than alphabetically, it sets forth the six essential elements for well-being: sufficient food and drink in moderation, fresh air, alternations of activity and rest, alternations of sleep and wakefulness, secretions and excretions of humours, and finally the effects of states of mind. Tacuinum Sanitatis says that illnesses result from imbalance of these elements. The British Library possesses in its Oriental Manuscripts collection a presentation copy of Taqwīm as‑Siḥḥa from 1213 copied in Arabic for al-Malik al-Ẓāhir, son of Saladin. The terse paragraphs of the treatise were freely translated into Latin in mid-thirteenth-century Palermo or Naples, which continued an Italo-Norman tradition as one of the prime sites for peaceable inter-cultural contact between the Islamic and European worlds. "Magister Faragius" (Ferraguth) in Naples took responsibility for one translation into Latin, in a manuscript in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, MS Lat. 15362 (noted by Witthoft 1978:58 note 9). Four handsomely illustrated complete late fourteenth-century manuscripts of the Tacuinum, all produced in Lombardy, survive, in Vienna, Paris, Liège and Rome, as well as scattered illustrations from others, as well as fifteenth-century codices. Carmelia Opsomer published a commented facsimile of the ms 1041 held in the library of the university of Liège. Unillustrated manuscripts present a series of tables, with a narrative commentary on the facing pages. The Tacuinum was first printed in 1531. The Tacuinum was very popular in Western Europe in the Late Middle Ages; an indication of that popularity is the use of the word taccuino in modern Italian to mean "notebook". In addition to its importance for the study of medieval medicine, the Tacuinum is also of interest in the study of agriculture and cooking; for example, one of the earliest identifiable images of the carrot—a modern plant—is found in it. Carrot also appears in The Greek Herbal of Dioscorides: Illustrated by a Byzantine A.D. 512 In 2008, the Spanish publishing house M. Moleiro Editor published the first and only facsimile of the Tacuinum Sanitatis kept at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, in an edition limited to 987 copies. This edition was accompanied by a commentary volume by Alain Touwaide (Smithsonian), Eberhard König (Freie Universität Berlin) and Carlos Miranda García-Tejedor (Doctor in History).

Tacuinum Sanitatis, Lombardy, late 14th century (Biblioteca Casanatense, Rome).

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paisley,_Renfrewshire

Paisley, Renfrewshire

Education

Paisley, Renfrewshire / Education

English: Paisley Grammar School The central, older part of the building which has been extended on both sides in more recent times. The original building was designed by local architect T.G. Abercrombie http://www.renfrewshire.gov.uk/ilwwcm/publishing.nsf/Content/els-jh-FamousPeopleTGAbercrombie The inscription across the front of the building reads "Paisley Grammar School & Wm B Barbour Academy".

Paisley is a town situated in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. Located north of the Gleniffer Braes, the town borders the city of Glasgow to the east, and straddles the banks of the White Cart Water, a tributary of the River Clyde. It serves as the administrative centre for the Renfrewshire council area, and is the largest town in the historic county of the same name. Paisley is often cited as "Scotland's largest town" and is the fifth largest settlement in the country, although it does not have city status. The town became prominent in the 12th century, with the establishment of Paisley Abbey, an important religious hub which formerly had control over other local churches. By the 19th century, Paisley was a centre of the weaving industry, giving its name to the Paisley shawl and the Paisley Pattern. The town's associations with political Radicalism were highlighted by its involvement in the Radical War of 1820, with striking weavers being instrumental in the protests. By 1993, all of Paisley's mills had closed, although they are memorialised in the town's museums and civic history.

Paisley is the main site for the modern University of the West of Scotland, which was created from a merger between the University of Paisley and Bell College in Hamilton, South Lanarkshire. The University of Paisley was granted university status in 1992, having existed previously as a central institution known as Paisley College of Technology. The further education college West College Scotland has a campus in the town; this institution was previously known as Reid Kerr College. There are currently four comprehensive state secondary schools in Paisley: Paisley Grammar School, Castlehead High School, St. Andrew's Academy and Gleniffer High School. The oldest of these is Paisley Grammar which was founded in 1576 and was one of two former grammar schools in the town – alongside the former John Neilson Institution (latterly John Neilson High School) founded in 1852. Other former secondary schools in the area include Merksworth High School (to the north west of the town), St Mirin's Academy or High School (on the west side of the town), St Aelred's High School and Stanely Green High School (both on the south side of the town). Of the current secondary schools in the town, all are non-denominational save for St Andrew's Academy which is a Roman Catholic school.

Paisley Grammar School, now a state comprehensive

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-wave_mixing

Four-wave mixing

Mechanism

Four-wave mixing / Mechanism

English: Energy level diagram for a non-degenerate four-wave mixing process. The top energy level could be a real atomic or molecular level (resonant four-wave mixing) or a virtual level, far detuned off-resonance. This diagram described the four-wave mixing interaction between frequencies f1, f2, f3 and f4.

FWM energy level diagram

Four-wave mixing is an intermodulation phenomenon in non-linear optics, whereby interactions between two or three wavelengths produce two or one new wavelengths. It is similar to the third-order intercept point in electrical systems. Four-wave mixing can be compared to the intermodulation distortion in standard electrical systems. It is a parametric nonlinear process, in that the energy of the incoming photons is conserved. FWM is a phase-sensitive process, in that the efficiency of the process is strongly affected by phase matching conditions.

When three frequencies (f₁, f₂, and f₃) interact in a nonlinear medium, they give rise to a fourth wavelength (f₄) which is formed by the scattering of the incident photons, producing the fourth photon. Given inputs f₁, f₂, and f₃, the nonlinear system will produce From calculations with the three input signals, it is found that 12 interfering frequencies are produced, three of which lie on one of original incoming frequencies. Note that these three frequencies which lie at the original incoming frequencies are typically attributed to self-phase modulation and cross-phase modulation, and are naturally phase-matched unlike FWM.

Energy level diagram for a non-degenerate four-wave mixing process. The top energy level could be a real atomic or molecular level (resonant four-wave mixing) or a virtual level, far detuned off-resonance. This diagram describes the four-wave mixing interaction between frequencies f1, f2, f3 and f4.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Tanner_(bishop)

Thomas Tanner (bishop)

Thomas Tanner (bishop)

English: Thomas Tanner, Bishop of St Asaph.

Thomas Tanner was an English antiquary and prelate. He was Bishop of St Asaph from 1732 to 1735.

Thomas Tanner (24 January 1674- 14 December 1735) was an English antiquary and prelate. He was Bishop of St Asaph from 1732 to 1735.

Bishop Tanner, 1731

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khedda

Khedda

History

Khedda / History

English: Elephant stockade / Kheddah Thurston, Edgar <1855 - 1935>: The Madras presidency with Mysore, Coorg, and the associated states. -- Cambridge : University Press, 1913. -- xii, 293 S. : Ill. ; 23 cm. -- (Provincial geographies of India). -- Online: https://archive.org/details/provincialgeogra03holluoft. -- Zugriff am 2008-06-21. -- "Not in copyright."

A khedda or the Khedda system was a stockade trap for the capture of a full herd of elephants that was used in India; other methods were also used to capture single elephants. The elephants were driven into the stockade by skilled mahouts mounted on domesticated elephants. This method was practiced widely in North-east India, particularly in the state of Assam, mostly in South India, and in particular in the erstwhile Mysore State state. The khedda practice and other methods of trapping or capturing elephants have been discontinued since 1973 following the enactment of a law under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, declaring the Indian elephant to be a highly endangered species. In the case of elephants which cause extensive damage by encroaching into human habitations and damaging crops, the forest department has the authority to capture them.

An early description of a khedda was written by the Greek explorer and ambassador to India, Megasthenes (ca. 350 – 290 BC), on which Strabo based his account in Geographica. The description was similar to the modern technique. Female elephants were used as bait. When the captured elephants were worn out by famine and combat with tame elephants, their legs were tied. Finally their necks were lacerated, and leather straps inserted in the cuts "so that they submit to their bonds through pain, and so remain quiet." Man-elephant conflict is a major factor in either capturing them or hunting them for economic purpose. Four methods of trapping them have been practiced. These methods are: by trapping them in pits; by kheddah operations for capturing a herd of elephants, by driving into kheddas or enclosures, or driving the herd through the river-drive method; by noosing them with the help of mahouts sitting on the backs of trained elephants, mostly adopted to capture single elephants; and using decoy or lure by tamed female elephants and then spearing them.

Elephant stockade or Kheddah

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seltjarnarnes

Seltjarnarnes

Overview

Seltjarnarnes / Overview

Íslenska: Grótta English: Grótta

Seltjarnarnes is a town in the Capital Region of Iceland. Seltjarnarnes is beside Reykjavik. It took on its current political form shortly after the Second World War and was formally created as a township in 1947. It is the smallest Icelandic township by land.

There are two schools in Seltjarnarnes, Mýrarhúsaskóli and Valhúsaskóli. The Independence Party has had an overall control in the town's council since proper elections started in 1962. First Lady of Iceland Guðrún Katrín Þorbergsdóttir held a position in the city council for 16 years. In the last elections in 2014, the party received 52,6% of the votes and 4 out of 7 members of the council. Other parties represented in the town council are Samfylkingin with 2 members and Neslistinn with one member. The mayor is Ásgerður Halldórsdóttir. Seltjarnarnes became the world's first town where every citizen had access to fiber optics in 2007.

Grótta, a tied island that becomes an island during high tide.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bentley%27s_Miscellany

Bentley's Miscellany

Bentley's Miscellany

English: Cover of serial, "Bentley's Miscellany"

Bentley's Miscellany was an English literary magazine started by Richard Bentley. It was published between 1836 and 1868.

Bentley's Miscellany was an English literary magazine started by Richard Bentley. It was published between 1836 and 1868.

Cover of the March 1837 issue

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Bentley%27smisc_cover.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen_Nussey

Ellen Nussey

Friendship with the Brontës

Ellen Nussey / Friendship with the Brontës

English: Ellen Nussey (1817 – 1897)

Ellen Nussey was born in Birstall Smithies in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England. She was a lifelong friend and correspondent of author Charlotte Brontë and, through more than 500 letters received from her, was a major influence for Elizabeth Gaskell's 1857 biography The Life of Charlotte Brontë.

Through her frequent visits to the Parsonage at Haworth, Nussey also became a friend of Anne and Emily Brontë, and was accepted as a suitable friend for his daughters by their father. In May 1849, Anne decided to visit Scarborough in the hope that the change of location and fresh sea air might be good for her failing health, and give her a chance to live, she went with Charlotte and Nussey. Before the trip, Anne expressed her frustration over unfulfilled ambitions in a letter to Ellen: I have no horror of death: if I thought it inevitable I think I could quietly resign myself to the prospect ... But I wish it would please God to spare me not only for Papa's and Charlotte's sakes, but because I long to do some good in the world before I leave it. I have many schemes in my head for future practise–humble and limited indeed–but still I should not like them all to come to nothing, and myself to have lived to so little purpose. But God's will be done. En route, they spent a day and a night in York, where, escorting Anne around in a wheelchair, they did some shopping, and at Anne's request, visited York Minster. It became clear that Anne had little strength left and on Sunday, 27 May 1849, she asked Charlotte whether it would be easier for her to go home to die instead of remaining at Scarborough. A doctor, consulted the next day, indicated that death was already close. Anne received the news quietly. She expressed her love and concern for Nussey and Charlotte, and seeing Charlotte's distress, whispered to her to "take courage". Nussey's presence during the weeks following gave comfort to Charlotte Brontë, who was writing her novel Shirley at the time. Nussey believed that the character Caroline Helstone was based on herself. Nussey was staying with the Brontës at Haworth on the night of the 1851 census and is shown on the return as "visitor". When Charlotte Brontë married her father's curate, Arthur Bell Nicholls in June 1854, Nussey was one of two witnesses present. Their engagement had caused a cooling in the friendship on Nussey's part, who was probably jealous of Brontë's attachment to Nicholls, having thought they would remain spinsters. After Charlotte's death Nicholls became concerned that her letters to Nussey might damage her reputation and asked Nussey to destroy them, but she refused. Nussey sought to have the letters from Charlotte published until she learned that Nicholls held the copyright. After edited selections from more than 350 letters from Charlotte Brontë to Nussey were used in Gaskell's The Life of Charlotte Brontë, he prevented at least one other publication from using them.

Nussey in about 1855

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaroslav_%C4%8Cerven%C3%BD

Jaroslav Červený

Jaroslav Červený

Čeština: Jaroslav Červený (1895-1950), český fotbalista

Jaroslav Červený was a Czechoslovak footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1924 Summer Olympics. On a club level, he played for AC Sparta Prague.

Jaroslav Červený (1 June 1895 – 4 May 1950) was a Czechoslovak footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1924 Summer Olympics. On a club level, he played for AC Sparta Prague.

Jaroslav Červený in 1926

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972_Women%27s_Tennis_Circuit

1972 Women's Tennis Circuit

1972 Women's Tennis Circuit

Nederlands: Internationale tenniskampioenschappen te Hilversum, Evonne Goolagong (winnares) met beker 1 augustus 1971

The 1972 Women's Tennis Circuit was composed of the second annual Virginia Slims Circuit, a tour of tennis tournaments for female tennis players, sponsored by Virginia Slims cigarettes and the Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix.

The 1972 Women's Tennis Circuit was composed of the second annual Virginia Slims Circuit, a tour of tennis tournaments for female tennis players, sponsored by Virginia Slims cigarettes and the Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix.

Evonne Goolagong won most tour titles 12

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Houston_Dynamo_season

2014 Houston Dynamo season

Transfers

2014 Houston Dynamo season / Transfers

United States defender DeMarcus Beasley goes through warm-up exercises before training at Sao Paulo FC's training ground in Sao Paulo, Brazil on June 10, 2014.

The 2014 Houston Dynamo season will be the club's ninth season of existence, and their ninth consecutive season in Major League Soccer, the top flight of American soccer.

USA international DaMarcus Beasley joined the club after the 2014 World Cup as a DP

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieber_(Herzberg_am_Harz)

Sieber (Herzberg am Harz)

Sieber (Herzberg am Harz)

Der Ostteil von Sieber, aufgenommen vom Panoramaweg

Sieber is a village in the borough of Herzberg am Harz in the district of Göttingen in South Lower Saxony. Sieber lies at a height of 340 m above sea level and has about 600 inhabitants. The settlement is spread out over a length of several kilometres in a narrow valley, running from east to west, through which the river of the same name flows. A tributary of the Sieber, the Goldenke, joins it in the village. Sieber has a Protestant church, St. Benedict, in which concerts also take place.

Sieber is a village in the borough of Herzberg am Harz in the district of Göttingen in South Lower Saxony (Germany). Sieber lies at a height of 340 m above sea level and has about 600 inhabitants (1 October 2006). The settlement is spread out over a length of several kilometres in a narrow valley, running from east to west, through which the river of the same name flows. A tributary of the Sieber, the Goldenke, joins it in the village. Sieber has a Protestant church, St. Benedict, in which concerts also take place.

East...

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabrina_Sidney

Sabrina Sidney

Early life

Sabrina Sidney / Early life

The Foundling Hospital, Holborn, London: a view of the courtyard. Engraving by B. Cole, 1754 [after P. Fourdrinier, 1742]. Iconographic Collections Keywords: Benjamin Cole; Theodore Jacobsen; Foundling Hospital (London) Plate engraving of Foundling Hospital in Holburn, London

A print of the foundling hospital in London

Sabrina Bicknell, better known as Sabrina Sidney, was a British woman abandoned at the Foundling Hospital in London as a baby, and taken in at the age of 12 by author Thomas Day, who tried to mould her into his perfect wife. She grew up to marry one of Day's friends, instead, and eventually became a school manager. Inspired by Jean-Jacques Rousseau's book Emile, or On Education, Day decided to educate two girls without any frivolities, using his own concepts, after being rejected by several women, and struggling to find a wife who shared his ideology. In 1769, Day and his barrister friend, John Bicknell, chose Sidney and another girl, Lucretia, from orphanages, and falsely declared they would be indentured to Day's friend Richard Lovell Edgeworth. Day took the girls to France to begin Rousseau's methods of education in isolation. After a short time, he returned to Lichfield with only Sidney, having deemed Lucretia inappropriate for his experiment.

Sidney was born in 1757 in Clerkenwell, London, and was left at the Hospital for the Maintenance and Education of Exposed and Deserted Young Children (more commonly known as the Foundling Hospital) in London on 24 May 1757 by an anonymous individual. This person left a note explaining that the baby's baptismal name was Manima Butler and that she had been baptised in St James's Church, Clerkenwell. Her name was likely a misspelling of Monimia but there were no baptismal records for any spelling of the name at the parish. One of the requirements of the Foundling Hospital was that babies were to be less than six months old at the time of admittance, but the hospital did not keep more accurate records of age. Another requirement was that foundlings were given a new name and a reference number, so Sidney became Girl Ann Kingston no. 4759. She was taken in by a wet nurse, Mary Penfold, who brought her to Wotton, Surrey, where she remained until 1759, when she was two years old. Although it was usual for foundlings to remain with their wet nurse until the age of five or six, the Foundling Hospital had received an influx of new babies and moved many children who no longer required nursing, including Sidney, to the Shrewsbury branch of the Foundling Hospital. The Shrewsbury building was not completed until 1765, so in the meantime Sidney and another foundling were cared for by a nurse, Ann Casewell, at her home.

The now-demolished Foundling Hospital, where Sidney was abandoned

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaneropterinae

Phaneropterinae

Phaneropterinae

undetermined Phaneroptera species

The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae. Nearly 2060 species in 85 genera throughout the world are known. They are also known as false katydids or round-headed katydids. The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus Phaneroptera, meaning "visible wing"; this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes Barbitistini and Odonturini have become brachypterous.

The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae. Nearly 2060 species in 85 genera throughout the world are known. They are also known as false katydids or round-headed katydids. The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus Phaneroptera (type species P. falcata), meaning "visible wing"; this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes Barbitistini and Odonturini have become brachypterous.

Adult Phaneropterinae species with eggs

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Phaneroptera.spec.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opp_Cottage

Opp Cottage

Opp Cottage

English: Front (north) side of the Opp Cottage in Montgomery, Alabama

Opp Cottage is a historic residence in Montgomery, Alabama. T. J. and Eliza Wilson began construction on the house in 1860, but it was not completed until 1866, after it was sold to Valentine Opp. Opp was an immigrant from Austria who initially settled in Lowndes County, Alabama, and came to Montgomery after the Civil War. Opp operated a successful tailoring business. Opp's son Henry became a lawyer, the county solicitor of Covington County, and mayor of Andalusia. As attorney for the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, he was instrumental in extending the railroad through the present-day town of Opp, which was named in his honor. The house is a raised cottage, built on a sloping lot, with the lower story not visible from the street. The five-bay façade has a full-width front porch, which originally had ornate fretwork along its balustrade and column brackets. Two wide, interior chimneys punctuate the hipped roof. All windows are six-over-six double hung sashes and originally had shutters. The interior is laid out in a center-hall plan, with a parlor and smaller room on each side. A small room behind the hall contains a staircase and access to the two-story rear portico.

Opp Cottage is a historic residence in Montgomery, Alabama. T. J. and Eliza Wilson began construction on the house in 1860, but it was not completed until 1866, after it was sold to Valentine Opp. Opp was an immigrant from Austria who initially settled in Lowndes County, Alabama, and came to Montgomery after the Civil War. Opp operated a successful tailoring business. Opp's son Henry became a lawyer, the county solicitor of Covington County, and mayor of Andalusia. As attorney for the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, he was instrumental in extending the railroad through the present-day town of Opp, which was named in his honor. The house is a raised cottage, built on a sloping lot, with the lower story not visible from the street. The five-bay façade has a full-width front porch, which originally had ornate fretwork along its balustrade and column brackets. Two wide, interior chimneys punctuate the hipped roof. All windows are six-over-six double hung sashes and originally had shutters. The interior is laid out in a center-hall plan, with a parlor and smaller room on each side. A small room behind the hall contains a staircase and access to the two-story rear portico (no longer extant). Four further rooms are found on the bottom floor. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

The house in May 2009

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duffus_Castle

Duffus Castle

Freskin

Duffus Castle / The wooden castle / Freskin

Français : Plan d'une motte castrale

Duffus Castle, near Elgin, Moray, Scotland, was a motte-and-bailey castle and was in use from c.1140 to 1705. During its occupation it underwent many alterations. The most fundamental was the destruction of the original wooden structure and its replacement with one of stone. At the time of its establishment, it was one of the most secure fortifications in Scotland. At the death of the 2nd Lord Duffus in 1705, the castle had become totally unsuitable as a dwelling and so was abandoned.

One significant arrival was Freskin (also known as Freskyn), who already owned an extensive estate in Lothian (Strabrock, now Uphall). He accepted lands at Duffus from King David I of Scotland. Freskin’s background is uncertain. The historical consensus amongst historians is that he was of Flemish background, the principal argument being that "Freskin" is a Flemish name. Undoubtedly, King David, himself a Normanized magnate with extensive estates in northern England and Normandy, granted lands to many nobles from Flanders as well as Normans. The unlikely alternatives are that he may have been an Anglo-Saxon or a Scot who fought for King David and his English general Edward Siwardsson in Moray. At that time, when Flemish nobles were referred to in writs by nationality (almost never), they were styled "Flandrensis". Freskin appears in no contemporary sources, and was never referred to by his national origin. By the 13th century his descendants were referring to themselves as 'de Moravia' ('of Moray') and had become one of the more powerful families in northern Scotland. It was Freskin who built the great earthwork and timber motte-and-bailey castle in c. 1140 on boggy ground in the Laich of Moray. It was certainly in existence by the time the king came to visit in 1151. The motte was a man-made mound with steeply sloping sides and a wide and deep ditch that surrounded the base. Timber buildings would have stood on its flat top and would have been further protected by a wooden palisade placed around the edge of the summit. The motte was accessed from the bailey. This is a wide stretch of earth elevated above the surrounding area but not as high as the motte. At Duffus, the motte would have been reached by steps set into the mound. The bailey contained the buildings necessary to sustain its inhabitants – brew and bake houses, workshops and stables – as well as the living accommodation. The castle was destroyed in 1297 during a rebellion against English rule in the region.

Depiction of typical motte-and-bailey castle

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown-water_navy

Brown-water navy

Vietnam War

Brown-water navy / History / Vietnam War

The term brown-water navy or riverine warfare refers in its broadest sense to any naval force capable of military operations in river or littoral environments, especially those carrying heavy sediment loads from soil runoff or flooding. The term originated in the United States Navy during the American Civil War, when it referred to Union forces patrolling the muddy Mississippi River, and has since been used to describe the small gunboats and patrol boats commonly used in rivers, along with the larger "mother ships" that supported them. These mother ships include converted World War II-era Landing Crafts and Tank Landing Ships, among other vessels. Brown-water navies are contrasted with seaworthy blue-water navies, which can independently conduct operations in open ocean. Green-water navies, which can operate in brackish estuaries and littoral coasts, are the bridge between brown-water navies and blue-water navies.

On December 18, 1965, for the first time since the American Civil War, the United States Navy formalized its new, brown-water navy in Vietnam. Initially, the brown-water navy patrolled the inland waterways of the Mekong River, primarily with South Vietnamese river craft (RAG—River Assault Groups) boats, which were mostly inherited from the French Navy during the previous war and in turn, had been received from the U.S., as military aid, in the French fight against the Viet Minh, the Communist-led Vietnamese alliance. As the new fiberglass Patrol Boat, River using water jet propulsion, became available, it became the main interdiction vessel for patrolling the Vietnamese Mekong River country. For coastal duty the South Vietnamese Navy used larger seaworthy craft. These were replaced by newer U.S. Navy Swift Boats (PCF—Patrol Craft Fast, aluminum 50 footers) and United States Coast Guard Point-class cutters. By the late 1960s, the Swift Boat would commence operations alongside the PBRs in the inland waters, as well as maintaining operations along the coast line. Navy and Coast Guard ships assumed coastal duties. The brown-water Mobile Riverine Force was a joint venture between the Navy and the Army, modeled after the earlier French Riverine and coastal patrols in the First Indochina War (1945–1954). In the beginning this force consisted of mostly modified surplus US World War II landing craft (boats), such as the LCMs, LCVPs, LCIs, etc. The only entirely new riverine boat from the French Indochina War had been the French designed STCN (an all-steel "V" hulled boat, approximately 40 feet in length, whose design had been influenced by the US LCVP). This particular craft influenced the design of the US Navy's only original riverine boat built for the Vietnam War—the 50-foot all-steel hull, aluminum superstructured Assault Support Patrol Boat (ASPB) or "Alpha Boat". The ASPB was built by the Gunderson Company, in Oregon, USA, and was of reinforced construction, in order to survive exploding mines. As a consequence, the ASPB earned a reputation as the "minesweeper" of the riverine forces. Along with the aforementioned PBRs, other riverine craft included PCFs, ASPBs, and monitors (modified LCMs). Together these craft formed a Mobile Riverine Force, that utilized various supporting facilities, such as the Yard Repair Berthing and Messings, advance bases, LSTs, helicopter and seawolf units. The brown-water navy (in conjunction with other efforts, such as Operation Market Time and Operation Game Warden) was largely successful in its efforts to stop North Vietnam using the South Vietnamese coast and rivers to resupply its military and the Viet Cong. The flow of weapons and ammunition came to a virtual standstill during Operation Market Time, from 1965 and 1970. Brown-water river assault units were formalized in January 1967 with the 2nd Brigade, 9th Infantry Division arriving under the command of Major General William Fulton. Later that same year, in combination with US Navy Task Force 117 they formed the Mobile Riverine Force. In 1970, for the last time since the Civil War, the Navy stood down the last of its brown-water navy units, as they were turned over to the South Vietnamese and Cambodian governments under the Vietnamization policy.

PBR Mk II

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/PBR_Mark_II_full_speed.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabubabad

Mahabubabad

Railways

Mahabubabad / Transport / Railways

English: Mahabubabad Railway Station Platform

Mahabubabad is a town and the district headquarters of Mahabubabad district in the Indian state of Telangana. It is on the west bank of the Munneru, which is one of the tributaries of the River Krishna. Mahabubabad is known for the Bayyaram Mines.

Mahabubabad has one of the busiest railway stations in the Kazipet-Vijayawada route. Nearly as many as 4000 passengers travel through this system daily. People here will prefer rail route than to bus route to reach distant destinations. The Mahabubabad railway station had been graded as 'B1-Category Railway Station' by the South Central Railway from 2004.

Platforms of Mahabubabad Railway Station, under renovation during January 2008

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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers

Gerry and the Pacemakers

Gerry and the Pacemakers

Photo of Gerry and the Pacemakers musical group in 1964 taken by a New York photographer. This appears to be their first trip to the United States, likely to appear on The Ed Sullivan Show.

Gerry and The Pacemakers were an English rock and roll group during the 1960s. Like The Beatles, they came from Liverpool and were also managed by Brian Epstein.

Gerry and The Pacemakers were an English rock and roll group during the 1960s. Like The Beatles, they came from Liverpool and were also managed by Brian Epstein.

Gerry and the Pacemakers (1964)

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Gerry_and_the_Pacemakers_group_photo_1964.JPG

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_C._Maronna

Michael C. Maronna

Career

Michael C. Maronna / Career

English: This is a screenshot of Maronna and Clinton in the video recording of "The Final Days," a humorous skit that was shown at the 2000 White House Correspondents' Dinner. It consists of footage containing President William Jefferson Clinton and Clinton adminstration White House staff portraying the daily routine of the remaining days of President Clinton as President in a humorous manner. This footage is official public record produced by the White House Television (WHTV) crew, provided by the Clinton Presidential Library. This footage is taken directly from the master footage produced that was displayed during the White House Correspondents' Dinner event. Producer: Greer, Margolis, Mitchell, Burns & Associates http://www.gmmb.com/ Date: April 29, 2000 (broadcast date) Location: White House. Washington, DC (production location) ARC Identifier: 5860128 https://www.archives.gov/research/search/ Access Restriction(s): unrestricted Use Restrictions(s): unrestricted Camera: White House Television (WHTV) / Main/Cut Local Identifier: MT11909 http://www.clintonlibrary.gov/

Michael C. Maronna is an American actor who has appeared in several television programs and films. He is best known for his roles as "Big Pete" Wrigley on the TV show The Adventures of Pete & Pete and as Jeff McCallister in the movie Home Alone and its sequel, Home Alone 2: Lost in New York.

Maronna played older Pete Wrigley in the television show The Adventures of Pete & Pete on Nickelodeon (from 1989 to 1996), as well as the character of Jeff McCallister in the movie Home Alone (1990) and its sequel, Home Alone 2: Lost in New York (1992). In the first one he says the line "Kevin, you are such a disease", which became a popular moment from the movie. He also portrayed a teenage killer in an episode of Law & Order. In the 2000s, Maronna appeared in the movies Slackers and 40 Days and 40 Nights. Maronna was in a widely seen series of 1999 ads for the web brokerage Ameritrade as Stuart, a slacker employee of a clueless boss whom he helps get on the internet with over-the-top zealousness. Maronna reprised the role in a comedy reel with Bill Clinton, which was shown at Clinton's final appearance as the President of the United States at the 2000 White House Correspondents' Association dinner. Maronna's last acting credits were in 2004, and since then he has worked as an electrician on films and television in New York. His credits include roles in Sex and The City and Be Kind Rewind. He also appeared in the music videos for Whose Authority and All My Friends, by the bands Nada Surf and The XYZ Affair, respectively. Since 2013, Maronna co-hosts the podcast The Adventures of Danny and Mike on with his Adventures of Pete and Pete co-star Danny Tamberelli.

Maronna and Bill Clinton in The Final Days

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BK_H%C3%A4cken

BK Häcken

First decades

BK Häcken / History / First decades

English: A chart showing the progress of BK Häcken through the Swedish football league system. Horizontal black lines represent league divisions.

Bollklubben Häcken, more commonly known as BK Häcken or simply Häcken, is a Swedish professional football club based in Gothenburg. The club is affiliated to Göteborgs Fotbollförbund and play their home games at Bravida Arena. The club colours, reflected in their crest and kit, are yellow and black. Formed on 2 August 1940, the club has played sixteen seasons in Sweden's highest football league Allsvenskan, the club's first season in the league was in 1983. The club plays in Allsvenskan, the top tier of Swedish football.

Following the first years the club only played sporadic matches, youth championships and a few other matches, but eventually they started to play at the senior level. As of 1943 the club started to take in the league system and success came in an instant. Between 1944 and 1947 the club won their league and climbed from west seniorclass 4 to seniorclass 1. The start of the 1950s went as well as the 1940s had. The club won Division 4 in 1950 and when they won Division 3 in 1951 they went from a local club to be known as a "comet team" in the national media. The club fought for a place in Allsvenskan in 1953 but saw themselves defeated by Kalmar FF, and in 1954 the club was relegated from Division 2. In 1955 the club set the record for the most spectators during a Division 3 game against IK Oddevold, when 18,229 people showed up for the game. BK Häcken eventually won the league but returned soon again and played in Division 3 for the rest of the decade. The 1960s started with the opening of the club's new clubhouse, now known as Häckensborg. Häcken spent most of the decade as a stable Division 3 team, but in 1967 they were relegated to Division 4 and it was struck by some severe economical and internal problems. The 1970s started just as badly as the previous decade ended. The club fell out of Division 4 and held discussions with IF Warta about a merger. A discussion had been up several times earlier but had not gone as far as now, at the day of the voting the IF Warta members voted for a merging while the BK Häcken members voted against it. In 1971 the club won Division 5, the club then played in Division 4 until 1975 when they won it and in 1977 they won Division 3 with former Swedish international Agne Simonsson as manager, when the club earlier won Division 3 in 1951 they climbed directly up to Division 2, however this time they had to play a qualifier against IK Brage, Motala AIF and Degerfors. The club won and took the step up to Division 2. During 1978–79 the club played successfully in Division 2 with a 3rd place as the best position. In 1978 BK Häcken also started a ladies team.

A chart showing the progress of BK Häcken through the swedish football league system. The different shades of gray represent league divisions.

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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossgates_Commons

Crossgates Commons

Crossgates Commons

English: Interior of the two-story Wal-Mart Supercenter, the largest in the United States, in Albany, New York

Crossgates Commons is a plaza in Albany, New York near Crossgates Mall. It has a lot of stores.

Crossgates Commons is a plaza in Albany, New York near Crossgates Mall. It has a lot of stores.

Inside of Walmart at Crossgates Commons, the largest Walmart in the United States

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_crew

Film crew

Director

Film crew / Director

English: Film director Dorothy Arzner in The Bride Wore Red - trailer (cropped screenshot)

A film crew is a group of people, hired by a production company, for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. The crew is distinguished from the cast as the cast are understood to be the actors who appear in front of the camera or provide voices for characters in the film. The crew is also separate from the producers as the producers are the ones who own a portion of either the film studio or the film's intellectual property rights. A film crew is divided into different departments, each of which specializes in a specific aspect of the production. Film crew positions have evolved over the years, spurred by technological change, but many traditional jobs date from the early 20th century and are common across jurisdictions and filmmaking cultures. Motion picture projects have three discrete stages: development, production, and distribution. Within the production stage there are also three clearly defined sequential phases and many film crew positions are associated with only one or two of the phases.

A director is the person who directs the making of a film. The director most often has the highest authority on a film set. Generally, a director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay (or script) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film. The director gives direction to the cast and crew, and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized or noticed. Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film's budget. There are many pathways to becoming a film director. Some directors started as screenwriters, cinematographers, film editors, or actors. Other directors have attended a film school. Directors use different approaches. Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue, while others control every aspect, and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely. Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners. Some directors edit or appear in their films, or compose the music score for their films.

Film director Dorothy Arzner had a successful career that spanned the silent film era into talkies. She started as an editor and designed the first boom microphone.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamburger_Flugzeugbau

Hamburger Flugzeugbau

Postwar revival

Hamburger Flugzeugbau / History / Postwar revival

Deutsch: HFB 320 Hansa Jet, German Airforce VIP Aircraft

Hamburger Flugzeugbau was an aircraft manufacturer, located primarily in the Finkenwerder quarter of Hamburg, Germany. Established in 1933 as an offshoot of Blohm & Voss shipbuilders, it later became an operating division within its parent company and was known as Abteilung Flugzeugbau der Schiffswerft Blohm & Voss from 1937 until it ceased operation at the end of World War II. In the postwar period it was revived as an independent company under its original name and subsequently joined several consortia before being merged to form MBB. It participates in the present day Airbus and European aerospace programs.

At the end of the war, all aircraft production in Germany was shut down. Vogt and Amtmann were swept up by the American Operation Paperclip and made new careers over there. Pohlmann remained in Germany. In 1955 Germany was allowed to build civil aircraft once again. The main works at Finkenwerder was still there and Hamburger Flugzeugbau GmBH (HFB) re-emerged in 1956, still under the ownership of Walther Blohm but no longer connected to B+V. Blohm tried to tempt Vogt back from the US, but without success and Pohlmann returned to the company to become the new chief designer. Another significant recruit was Hans Wocke, who headed up the engineering team. As ever, the company's main work would turn out to be as subcontractor for various German – and increasingly European – aircraft projects, and to this end it would participate in a number of consortia. Its first contract was for fuselage manufacture and final assembly of the Nord Noratlas. Other significant work would be undertaken for the Luftwaffe's Lockheed F-104G Starfighter and as a partner in the Transall C-160 military transport. In 1958 HFB proposed two civil transport projects. The HFB 209 was a twin-turpoprop capable of carrying 48 passengers, while the HFB 314 was a short-haul twin-jet. But the anticipated funding from the German government was not made available and the projects were cancelled in the early 1960s. In 1961, HFB and Focke-Wulf/Weserflug (VFW) jointly formed the Entwicklungsring Nord (ERNO) to develop air and space products. Work would be carried out for the Dornier Do 31 V/STOL transport and, later, in direct collaboration on the Fokker F28 Fellowship. The only aircraft type to be both designed and built by the new HFB was the HFB 320 Hansa Jet, a business jet with forward-swept wings, which first flew in 1964 and was made in moderate numbers. In May 1969, HFB merged with Messerschmitt-Bölkow to form Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB), which in turn was taken over by Deutsche Aerospace (DASA) in September 1989. DASA has since been absorbed into the pan-European Airbus corporation. Airbus has since built a significant presence around the original HFB team and operates the airfield privately as Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport.

The HFB 320 Hansa Jet

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hart_House_Symphonic_Band

Hart House Symphonic Band

Hart House Symphonic Band

English: Conductor, Roger Mantie, pictured in the Great Hall, together with the hydraulophone used in Ryan Janzen's musical composition, Suite for Hydraulophone (m.II), Rain Breaks Open What Was Forgotten.

Hart House Symphonic Band is a wind orchestra, with woodwind, brass, and percussion sections, based at Hart House at the University of Toronto. HHSB is historically noteworthy as the first symphonic band to have instruments in which the initial sound-producing mechanisms of the instruments cover all three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. While other orchestras have three categories of instruments, two of these categories use matter in its solid state, and one category uses matter in its gaseous state. HHSB is, in some sense, the first large symphonic orchestra to use hydraulophones, musical instruments that produce the initial sound by way of matter in its liquid state. The 2007 Spring Concert, including Janzen's Suite for Hydraulophone, Movement II, was also webcast live by six "cyborgloggers" using wearable computers, underwater cameras for the hydraulophone, and camera phones.

Hart House Symphonic Band (HHSB) is a wind orchestra, with woodwind, brass, and percussion sections, based at Hart House at the University of Toronto. HHSB is historically noteworthy as the first symphonic band to have instruments in which the initial sound-producing mechanisms of the instruments cover all three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. While other orchestras have three categories of instruments (strings, percussion, and wind), two of these categories (strings and percussion) use matter in its solid state, and one category (wind instruments) uses matter in its gaseous state. HHSB is, in some sense, the first large symphonic orchestra to use hydraulophones, musical instruments that produce the initial sound by way of matter in its liquid state. The 2007 Spring Concert, including Janzen's Suite for Hydraulophone, Movement II, was also webcast live by six "cyborgloggers" using wearable computers, underwater cameras for the hydraulophone, and camera phones.

Conductor, Roger Mantie, with the hydraulophone on the evening of the world premiere of Janzen's Suite for Hydraulophone, Movement II, Rain Breaks Open What Was Forgotten

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Pate

Jerry Pate

Jerry Pate

1974 Press Photo Jerry Pate, U.S. Amateur Golf Tournament winner - mjb68716

Jerome Kendrick "Jerry" Pate is an American professional golfer on the PGA Tour Champions, formerly on the PGA Tour. As a 22-year-old rookie, he won the U.S. Open in 1976.

Jerome Kendrick "Jerry" Pate (born September 16, 1953) is an American professional golfer on the PGA Tour Champions, formerly on the PGA Tour. As a 22-year-old rookie, he won the U.S. Open in 1976.

Pate after winning the 1974 U.S. Amateur Championship

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BT_tank

BT tank

BT tank

English: BT-7 Model 1935.

The BT tanks were a series of Soviet light tanks produced in large numbers between 1932 and 1941. They were lightly armoured, but reasonably well-armed for their time, and had the best mobility of all contemporary tanks. The BT tanks were known by the nickname Betka from the acronym, or its diminutive Betushka. The successor of the BT tanks was the famous T-34 medium tank, introduced in 1940, which would replace all of the Soviet fast tanks, infantry tanks, and medium tanks in service.

The BT tanks (Russian: Bistrohodniy tank (Быстроходный танк,БТ), romanized: Bystrokhodny tank, lit. "fast moving tank" or "high-speed tank") were a series of Soviet light tanks produced in large numbers between 1932 and 1941. They were lightly armoured, but reasonably well-armed for their time, and had the best mobility of all contemporary tanks. The BT tanks were known by the nickname Betka from the acronym, or its diminutive Betushka. The successor of the BT tanks was the famous T-34 medium tank, introduced in 1940, which would replace all of the Soviet fast tanks, infantry tanks, and medium tanks in service.

BT-5 side view

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagonda_LG6

Lagonda LG6

Lagonda LG6

Nederlands: Collectie / Archief : Fotocollectie Anefo Reportage / Serie : Bezoek van veldmaarschalk Montgomery aan Amsterdam (1945) Beschrijving : Bezoek van veldmaarschalk Montgomery aan Amsterdam. Aankomst per auto bij het Amstelhotel Datum : 1 september 1945 Locatie : Amsterdam, Noord-Holland Trefwoorden : auto's, hotels, militairen, officieren, tweede wereldoorlog Persoonsnaam : Montgomery, B.L., Montgomery, Bernard Fotograaf : Fotograaf Onbekend / Anefo Auteursrechthebbende : Nationaal Archief Materiaalsoort : Negatief (zwart/wit) Nummer archiefinventaris : bekijk toegang 2.24.01.03 Bestanddeelnummer : 900-6878

The Lagonda LG6 is a large car produced by the British Lagonda company from 1937 to 1940. It was announced at the 1937 London Motor Show. The LG6 chassis is based on the one used on the V12 model lengthened by 3.5 in to cater for the longer engine fitted. Suspension is independent torsion bar front suspension and live rear axle with Spiral bevel gear final drive. The braking system is Lockheed hydraulic. The 4453 cc Straight-six engine with pushrod operated overhead valves was bought in from Henry Meadows of Wolverhampton and previously used in the LG45 model Drive is to the rear wheels through a single dry plate clutch and four-speed gearbox. Standard coachwork included saloon, tourer, coupé and sedanca styles. The tourer was also available in Rapide version and had a higher compression ratio engine but only two were sold. The car can be distinguished from the V12 by the twin long trumpet horns on either side of the radiator grille. 67 of the short chassis and 18 long chassis were made. Only one LG6, chassis number 12341, was sold into the Netherlands, to the architect Jan Frederik van Erven Dorens for 13,200 guilders in 1938.

The Lagonda LG6 is a large car produced by the British Lagonda company from 1937 to 1940. It was announced at the 1937 London Motor Show. The LG6 chassis is based on the one used on the V12 model lengthened by 3.5 in (89 mm) to cater for the longer engine fitted. Suspension is independent torsion bar front suspension and live rear axle with Spiral bevel gear final drive. The braking system is Lockheed hydraulic. The 4453 cc Straight-six engine with pushrod operated overhead valves was bought in from Henry Meadows of Wolverhampton and previously used in the LG45 model Drive is to the rear wheels through a single dry plate clutch and four-speed gearbox. Standard coachwork included saloon, tourer, coupé and sedanca styles. The tourer was also available in Rapide version and had a higher compression ratio engine but only two were sold. The car can be distinguished from the V12 by the twin long trumpet horns on either side of the radiator grille. 67 of the short chassis and 18 long chassis were made. Only one LG6, chassis number 12341, was sold into the Netherlands, to the architect Jan Frederik van Erven Dorens for 13,200 guilders in 1938. After the Liberation of the Netherlands in 1945, it was used by Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery for victory parades in Amsterdam. The car was not returned after the war but became part of Prince Bernhard's collection. In 2003, Erven Dorens' grandson Robin produced a film Lagonda about the car.

Montgomery's LG6 in Amsterdam

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coolock

Coolock

Businesses and retail facilities

Coolock / Businesses and retail facilities

English: Cadbury's Factory, Coolock On the Oscar Traynor Road.

Coolock is a large suburban area, centred on a village, on Dublin city's Northside in Ireland. Coolock is crossed by the Santry River, a prominent feature in the middle of the district, with a linear park and ponds. The Coolock suburban area encompasses parts of three Dublin postal districts: Dublin 5, Dublin 13 and Dublin 17. The extensive civil parish of Coolock takes in the land between the Tonlegee Road and the Malahide Road, as well as the lands on either side of the Malahide Road between Darndale and Artane, and the lands either side of the Oscar Traynor Road on the approach to Santry. Coolock is also the name of the barony which accounts for most of north Dublin city, from the coast in to the Phoenix Park, and stretching north as far as Swords.

The outskirts of Coolock host several factories and industrial estates. Cadbury Ireland has been manufacturing chocolate products since 1957, for both the Irish market and for export. The nearby Tayto Crisps factory manufactured snack foods until it closed in 2005. Other businesses include: Odeon cinema, Leisure Plex centre, Power city, McDonald's, Crown paint, a Montessori etc. all of which are located on the Malahide Road. Notable retail facilities include Northside Shopping Centre, Ireland's first covered shopping centre, situated near accesses to the M1 and M50, with more than 70 outlets and a city council swimming pool.

Cadbury's factory on the Oscar Traynor Road.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WCW_Hardcore_Champions

List of WCW Hardcore Champions

List of WCW Hardcore Champions

English: Norman Smiley prepares to slam Billy Kidman into a turnbuckle during an International Championship Wrestling hardcore match April 17 at Iron Works Gym.

The WCW Hardcore Championship was a professional wrestling Hardcore Championship contested for in World Championship Wrestling. During late 1999, WCW promoted various hardcore matches, bouts where there were no disqualifications or countouts, that mainly involved Norman Smiley and Brian Knobs. The developing rivalry between the two wrestlers led WCW to announce the creation of the WCW Hardcore Championship in November 1999. In January 2001, the champion Meng signed a contract with the World Wrestling Federation after his WCW contract expired. The WCW Hardcore Championship was vacated; a few months later, WCW was purchased by the WWF, and while the WWF used WCW's World Heavyweight, United States, Cruiserweight, and Tag Team Championships in the subsequent Invasion storyline, the WCW Hardcore Championship was not re-introduced. Title reigns were determined by professional wrestling hardcore match types with wrestlers involved in pre-existing scripts feuds, plots and storylines or were awarded the title due to scripted circumstances.

The WCW Hardcore Championship was a professional wrestling Hardcore Championship contested for in World Championship Wrestling (WCW). During late 1999, WCW promoted various hardcore matches, bouts where there were no disqualifications or countouts, that mainly involved Norman Smiley and Brian Knobs. The developing rivalry between the two wrestlers led WCW to announce the creation of the WCW Hardcore Championship in November 1999. In January 2001, the champion Meng signed a contract with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) after his WCW contract expired. The WCW Hardcore Championship was vacated; a few months later, WCW was purchased by the WWF, and while the WWF used WCW's World Heavyweight, United States, Cruiserweight, and Tag Team Championships in the subsequent Invasion storyline, the WCW Hardcore Championship was not re-introduced. Title reigns were determined by professional wrestling hardcore match types with wrestlers involved in pre-existing scripts feuds, plots and storylines or were awarded the title due to scripted circumstances. Wrestlers were portrayed as either villains or fan favorites as they followed a series of tension-building events, which culminated in a hardcore wrestling type match or series of matches for the championship. The inaugural champion was Norman Smiley, who defeated Brian Knobs at Mayhem. Before the promotion's purchase, the title was vacant, though, Meng was the final wrestler to hold the championship. The title was won in Canadian municipalities and in American states. Smiley held the title the longest at 51 days, and at less than one day, Carl Oullete has the shortest title reign. Brian Knobs has won the title on three occasions, the most in the championship's history; this also ties with the number of times the title was vacated. Overall, there were 18 reigns.

Norman Smiley (right) was the first WCW Hardcore Champion.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azad_Kashmir

Azad Kashmir

Economy

Azad Kashmir / Economy

English: People having fun in running water, Leepa, AJK, Pakistan

Azad Jammu and Kashmir, abbreviated as AJK and colloquially referred to as simply Azad Kashmir, is a region administered by Pakistan as a nominally self-governing jurisdiction, and constituting the western portion of the larger Kashmir region which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947. The territory shares a border to the north with Gilgit-Baltistan, together with which it is referred to by the United Nations and other international organizations as "Pakistani-administered Kashmir". Azad Kashmir is one-sixth the size of Gilgit-Baltistan and constitutes part of what is Kashmir proper—a valley divided between Indian and Pakistani control in which the majority of the ethnic Kashmiri population lives. Azad Kashmir also shares borders with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the south and west, respectively. On the eastern side, Azad Jammu and Kashmir is separated from the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir by the Line of Control, which serves as the de facto border between India and Pakistan in Kashmir.

Historically the economy of Azad Kashmir has been agricultural which meant that land was the main source or mean of production. This means that all food for immediate and long term consumption was produced from land. The produce included various crops, fruits, vegetables, etc. Land was also the source of other livelihood necessities such as wood, fuel, grazing for animals which then turned into dairy products. Because of this land was also the main source of revenue for the governments whose primary purpose for centuries was to accumulate revenue. Agriculture is a major part of Azad Kashmir's economy. Low-lying areas that have high populations grow crops like barley, mangoes, millet, corn (maize), and wheat, and also raise cattle. In the elevated areas that are less populated and more spread-out, forestry, corn, and livestock are the main sources of income. There are mineral and marble resources in Azad Kashmir close to Mirpur and Muzaffarabad. There are also graphite deposits at Mohriwali. There are also reservoirs of low-grade coal, chalk, bauxite, and zircon. Local household industries produce carved wooden objects, textiles, and dhurrie carpets. There is also an arts and crafts industry that produces such cultural goods as namdas, shawls, pashmina, pherans, Papier-mâché, basketry copper, rugs, wood carving, silk and woolen clothing, patto, carpets, namda gubba, and silverware. Agricultural goods produced in the region include mushrooms, honey, walnuts, apples, cherries, medicinal herbs and plants, resin, deodar, kail, chir, fir, maple, and ash timber. The migration to UK was accelerated and by the completion of Mangla Dam in 1967 the process of 'chain migration' became in full flow. Today, remittances from British Mirpuri community make a critical role in AJK's economy. In the mid-1950s various economic and social development processes were launched in Azad Kashmir. In the 1960s, with the construction of the Mangla Dam in Mirpur District, the Azad Jammu and Kashmir Government began to receive royalties from the Pakistani government for the electricity that the dam provided to Pakistan. During the mid-2000s, a multibillion-dollar reconstruction began in the aftermath of the 2005 Kashmir earthquake. In addition to agriculture, textiles, and arts and crafts, remittances have played a major role in the economy of Azad Kashmir. One analyst estimated that the figure for Azad Kashmir was 25.1% in 2001. With regard to annual household income, people living in the higher areas are more dependent on remittances than are those living in the lower areas. In the latter part of 2006, billions of dollars for development were mooted by international aid agencies for the reconstruction and rehabilitation of earthquake-hit zones in Azad Kashmir, though much of that amount was subsequently lost in bureaucratic channels, leading to considerable delays in help getting to the most neediest. Hundreds of people continued to live in tents long after the earthquake. A land-use plan for the city of Muzaffarabad was prepared by the Japan International Cooperation Agency. Tourist destinations in the area include the following: Muzaffarabad, the capital city of Azad Kashmir, is located on the banks of the Jhelum and Neelum rivers. It is 138 km (86 mi) from Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Well-known tourist spots near Muzaffarabad are the Red Fort, Pir Chinassi, Patika, Subri Lake and Awan Patti. The Neelam Valley is situated to the north and northeast of Muzaffarabad, The gateway to the valley. The main tourist attractions in the valley are Athmuqam, Kutton, Keran, Changan, Sharda, Kel, Arang Kel and Taobat. Sudhanoti is one of the eight districts of Azad Kashmir in Pakistan. Sudhanoti is located 90 km (56 mi) away from Islamabad, the Capital of Pakistan. It is connected with Rawalpindi and Islamabad through Azad Pattan road. Rawalakot city is the headquarters of Poonch District and is located 122 km (76 mi) from Islamabad. Tourist attractions in Poonch District are Banjosa Lake, Devi Gali, Tatta Pani, and Toli Pir. Bagh city, the headquarters of Bagh

Munda Gali, Leepa Valley

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brad_Williams_(puppeteer)

Brad Williams (puppeteer)

Brad Williams (puppeteer)

English: Photo taken in 1987

Photo taken in 1987

Bradford Cody "Brad" Williams was an American puppeteer, designer and teacher. He died from injuries sustained in a car accident at the age of 42. He is named as one of the puppet artists whose legacy inspired the Eugene O'Neill Theater Center's National Puppetry Conference, an annual celebration of contemporary puppet theatre.

Bradford Cody "Brad" Williams (January 8, 1951 – October 17, 1993) was an American puppeteer, designer and teacher. He died from injuries sustained in a car accident at the age of 42. He is named as one of the puppet artists whose legacy inspired the Eugene O'Neill Theater Center's National Puppetry Conference, an annual celebration of contemporary puppet theatre.

Brad Williams in 1987

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Gil

Rafael Gil

Rafael Gil

English: Rafael Gil on 1959Español: Rafael Gil en 1959

Rafael Gil was a Spanish film director and screenwriter. His film La guerra de Dios won the Bronze Lion at the Venice Film Festival in 1953 and also won best film and best director at the San Sebastián International Film Festival. His film La noche del sábado was nominated for the Gold Lion at the 1950 Venice Film Festival and his film El beso de Judas was also nominated for the Gold Lion at the 1954 festival in Venice. His film Let's Make the Impossible! was nominated for the Golden Berlin Bear at the Berlin International Film Festival. He has won nine prizes of the National Syndicate of Spectacle of Spain. Gil was a prominent director of the Franco era. His later works, often in collaboration with the Pro-Franco screenwriter and novelist Fernando Vizcaíno Casas, looked back nostalgically to the years of Franco's rule.

Rafael Gil (22 May 1913 – 10 July 1986) was a Spanish film director and screenwriter. His film La guerra de Dios (1953) won the Bronze Lion at the Venice Film Festival in 1953 and also won best film and best director at the San Sebastián International Film Festival. His film La noche del sábado (1950) was nominated for the Gold Lion at the 1950 Venice Film Festival and his film El beso de Judas (1954) was also nominated for the Gold Lion at the 1954 festival in Venice. His film Let's Make the Impossible! (1958) was nominated for the Golden Berlin Bear at the Berlin International Film Festival. He has won nine prizes of the National Syndicate of Spectacle of Spain. Gil was a prominent director of the Franco era. His later works, often in collaboration with the Pro-Franco screenwriter and novelist Fernando Vizcaíno Casas, looked back nostalgically to the years of Franco's rule.

Rafael Gil in 199

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azawad

Azawad

Azawad

English: Area claimed by the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA).

Azawad is the name given to northern Mali by Tuareg rebels, as well as a former short-lived unrecognised state. Its independence was declared unilaterally by the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad in 2012, after a Tuareg rebellion drove the Malian Army from the region. It rejoined Mali in February 2013, after less than a year of unrecognized independence. Azawad, as claimed by the MNLA, comprises the Malian regions of Timbuktu, Kidal, Gao, as well as a part of Mopti region, encompassing about 60 percent of Mali's total land area. Azawad borders Burkina Faso to the south, Mauritania to the west and northwest, Algeria to the north and northeast, and Niger to the east and southeast, with undisputed Mali to its southwest. It straddles a portion of the Sahara and the Sahelian zone. Gao is its largest city and served as the temporary capital, while Timbuktu is the second-largest city, and was intended to be the capital by the independence forces. On 6 April 2012, in a statement posted to its website, the MNLA declared "irrevocably" the independence of Azawad from Mali.

Azawad (Tuareg (Neo-Tifinagh): ⴰⵣⴰⵓⴰⴷ / ⴰⵣⴰⵓⴷ, Azawad; (Traditional Tifinagh): ⵣⵓⴷ; Arabic: أزواد‎, ʾĀzawād) is the name given to northern Mali by Tuareg rebels, as well as a former short-lived unrecognised state. Its independence was declared unilaterally by the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) in 2012, after a Tuareg rebellion drove the Malian Army from the region. It rejoined Mali in February 2013, after less than a year of unrecognized independence. Azawad, as claimed by the MNLA, comprises the Malian regions of Timbuktu, Kidal, Gao, as well as a part of Mopti region, encompassing about 60 percent of Mali's total land area. Azawad borders Burkina Faso to the south, Mauritania to the west and northwest, Algeria to the north and northeast, and Niger to the east and southeast, with undisputed Mali to its southwest. It straddles a portion of the Sahara and the Sahelian zone. Gao is its largest city and served as the temporary capital, while Timbuktu is the second-largest city, and was intended to be the capital by the independence forces. On 6 April 2012, in a statement posted to its website, the MNLA declared "irrevocably" the independence of Azawad from Mali. In Gao on the same day, Bilal Ag Acherif, the secretary-general of the movement, signed the Azawadi Declaration of Independence, which also declared the MNLA as the interim administrators of Azawad until a "national authority" could be formed. The proclamation was never recognised by any foreign entity, and the MNLA's claim to have de facto control of the Azawad region was disputed by both the Malian government and Islamist insurgent groups in the Sahara. At this time, a rift was developing with the Islamists. The Economic Community of West African States, which refused to recognise Azawad and called the declaration of its independence "null and void", warned it could send troops into the disputed region in support of the Malian claim. Tuareg military leader Moussa Ag Achara Toumane affiliated with the MSA (French: "Movement pour le Salut de l'Azawad"; English: "Movement for the Salvation of Azawad") was interviewed by the French language news outlet "TV5MONDE," during its "Le journal Afrique" or "African Journal" segment, about hostile events that occurred between the MNLA and other separatist groups against jihadi extremists in 2012. He claimed that jihadi groups, and the Ansar Dine in particular, had been in the region of Azawad for 10 years before the circumstances which led to the Azawadi Declaration of Independence. Locals had heard of their extremist views (in respect to shari'a law) then subsequently distanced themselves from the jihadis. Ag Toumane further asserted that the death of Col. Mu'ammar el Gaddafi destabilised the political landscape for sahelians from Mali and Niger to such a degree that it was described as "disastrous." The Tuareg rebels allegedly went into a "survival mode" for 5 years after his death which were fraught with socio-political and socio-economic crises. Disorganised and unaware of moderate militias, some joined jihadi groups but left when acquainted with better options; they aimed to join movements that were "good" in nature and organised for humanitarian causes for the betterment of Azawad. When asked about the speculated alliance between the MNLA and the Ansar Dine, Ag Toumane said he "personally did not know of the alliance" and referred back to the distance Azawadi locals kept from them. On 14 February 2013, the MNLA renounced its claim of independence for Azawad and asked the Malian government to start negotiations on its future status. The MNLA ended the ceasefire in September of the same year after government forces reportedly opened fire on unarmed protesters.

Map of Azawad, as claimed by the MNLA. Dark grey dots indicate regions with a Tuareg majority. The west is mainly inhabited by Moors, and the south by sub-Saharan peoples.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephanie_Kwolek

Stephanie Kwolek

Awards and honors

Stephanie Kwolek / Awards and honors

English: The Royal Society of Chemistry's Stephanie L Kwolek Award - 2014 - obverse

Stephanie Louise Kwolek was an American chemist who is known for inventing Kevlar. She was of Polish heritage and her career at the DuPont company spanned more than 40 years. She discovered the first of a family of synthetic fibers of exceptional strength and stiffness: poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide. For her discovery, Kwolek was awarded the DuPont company's Lavoisier Medal for outstanding technical achievement. As of August 2019, she was the only female employee to have received that honor. In 1995 she became the fourth woman to be added to the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Kwolek won numerous awards for her work in polymer chemistry, including the National Medal of Technology, the IRI Achievement Award and the Perkin Medal.

For her discovery of Kevlar, Kwolek was awarded the DuPont company's Lavoisier Medal for outstanding technical achievement in 1995, as a "Persistent experimentalist and role model whose discovery of liquid crystalline polyamides led to Kevlar aramid fibers." At the time of her death in 2014, she was still the only female employee to receive that honor. Her discovery generated several billion dollars of revenue for DuPont, being her employer at the time, but she never benefited directly from it financially. In 1980, Kwolek received the Chemical Pioneer Award from the American Institute of Chemists, and an Award for Creative Invention from the American Chemical Society. In 1995, Kwolek was added to the National Inventors Hall of Fame. In 1996, she received the National Medal of Technology and the IRI Achievement Award. In 1997, she received the Perkin Medal from the American Chemical Society. In 2003, she was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. She has been awarded honorary degrees by Carnegie Mellon University (2001), Worcester Polytechnic Institute (1981) and Clarkson University (1997). The Royal Society of Chemistry grants a biennial 'Stephanie L Kwolek Award', "to recognise exceptional contributions to the area of materials chemistry from a scientist working outside the UK". Kwolek is featured as one of the Royal Society of Chemistry 175 Faces of Chemistry. The Star Trek E-book novella Starfleet Corps of Engineers #30: Ishtar Rising references a shuttlecraft named Kwolek.

Royal Society of Chemistry - Stephanie L Kwolek Award (2014)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gianluigi_Nuzzi

Gianluigi Nuzzi

Gianluigi Nuzzi

English: Italian journalist Gianluigi Nuzzi in Savona

Gianluigi Nuzzi is an Italian journalist, writer, and television host. He is the author of His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI.

Gianluigi Nuzzi (born June 3, 1969) is an Italian journalist, writer, and television host. He is the author of His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI.

Gianluigi Nuzzi in 2013

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edosaki,_Ibaraki

Edosaki, Ibaraki

Edosaki, Ibaraki

日本語: 茨城県に以前存在した江戸崎町の位置画像。 2005年3月22日に東町、新利根町、桜川村と合併し、稲敷市を新設する以前の図。 下記の出典を元に作成。 English: Map of Edosaki, Ibaraki, Japan.

Edosaki was a town located in Inashiki District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. In 2003, the town had an estimated population of 20,030 and a population density of 379.21 per km². The total area was 52.82 km². On March 22, 2005, Edosaki and the towns of Azuma and Shintone, and the village of Sakuragawa, were merged to create the city of Inashiki and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Edosaki (江戸崎町, Edosaki-machi) was a town located in Inashiki District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. In 2003, the town had an estimated population of 20,030 and a population density of 379.21 per km². The total area was 52.82 km². On March 22, 2005, Edosaki and the towns of Azuma and Shintone, and the village of Sakuragawa (all from Inashiki District), were merged to create the city of Inashiki and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Map of Edosaki, Ibaraki

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hackberry,_Texas

Hackberry, Texas

Hackberry, Texas

English: The City Hall of the Hackberry, Texas municipal government.

Hackberry City Hall

Hackberry is a town in Denton County, Texas, United States. The population was 968 at the 2010 census.

Hackberry is a town in Denton County, Texas, United States. The population was 968 at the 2010 census.

Hackberry City Hall

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler_Valiant_Charger

Chrysler Valiant Charger

VJ Valiant Charger

Chrysler Valiant Charger / VJ Valiant Charger

Vintage Red Built in August 1963, 55 made Engine; 265 Hemi 6, 4 speed

The Chrysler Valiant Charger was a two door hardtop coupe introduced by Chrysler Australia in 1971. It was a short wheelbase version of the concurrent Australian Chrysler Valiant sedan. Introduced within the VH Valiant series, it continued as a variant through the subsequent VJ, VK and CL series, until production ceased in 1978. It was marketed and badged as the Valiant Charger in the VH and VJ series and as the Chrysler Charger in the later VK and CL series. While still based on the US Chrysler A-body platform, with virtually identical front suspension, the fenders were widened, and a wider rear axle fitted, so that the track, front and rear, was considerably wider than any US A-body, this also allowed wheels much wider than a US A-body. The Australian Chargers also used a 5-on-4.5" wheel bolt circle, while the US cars did not go to "big bolt pattern" until 1973. The Charger was extraordinarily popular in Australia during the VH series. At one point Charger production totalled 80% of all Australian Valiant production. The VH Valiant Charger achieved critical acclaim, winning the 1971 Australian Wheels Car of the Year Award.

In March 1973 the VH range was superseded by the VJ series. The VJ featured changes to the cowl, grille, lighting and rear quarter feature panel, with notably 7" round headlights replacing the previous rectangular units. Significantly, this new model range saw the end of the Charger R/T, which pretty much coincided with Chrysler having officially withdrawn from participation in Australian touring car racing at the end of the 1972 season. However, the essential elements of the Six Pack E37 engine option were carried over into the VJ series, now referred to as the E48 engine option. option E48: Street tune "Six Pack" 265 cu in (4.3 L) engine with three two-barrel Weber carburettors and four-speed manual gearbox. option E55: 4bbl 275 bhp (205 kW) 340 cu in (5.6 L) V8 (1.88" valve heads). option E57: 2bbl 255 bhp (190 kW) 360 cu in (5.9 L) V8 (introduced late 1974 to replace E55 option) option A23: VJ Charger Sportsman VJ Charger 770 (with option E55) When specified with the E55 340ci V8 engine option, such VJ-series cars were no longer tagged as a special edition Charger 770 "SE". This meant that a variety of colour and trim combinations are featured in E55 optioned VJ Chargers such that the only external distinguishing features were the "340 4BBL" badges on the front guards. Most, but not all, of the VJ-series E55 option cars also featured the W35 option seven inch wide alloy wheels that were a signature item for all prior E38, E49, and E55 option VH-series Chargers. There was an improvement to the motor in this model, as opposed to the previous VH-series. The introduction of "Electronic Ignition" replaced the use of points ignition. This greatly improved the car for normal use making cold starts easier, and no longer requiring the ignition to be tuned every 10,000 km or so. The Carter ThermoQuad was used in this series as well, however not from the start, or at least not all the cars left the factory with one. Some still had the previous models AVS carburettor. When the carburettor change was implemented is unknown, with some examples having the Thermoquad and later builds still keeping the AVS. There is considered to be an improvement to engine performance as the flow in the carburettor was increased from 625 cfm to 800 cfm for the Thermoquad. During this option's life, there were other engine variations, e.g. the motors also had a change in the cylinder heads. According to the service manuals, early VJ models maintained heads with 2.02" inlet valves, whereas later heads had a decrease in inlet valve size which saw a reduction to 1.88", again, when this was implemented is not truly known and some early build cars have the smaller valves whereas some later builds have the larger valves. It seems that most E55 versions of the VJ Charger were manufactured during the latter half of 1973. When remaining stocks of the 340 cu in (5.6 L) V8 depleted, Chrysler ceased manufacturing cars with option E55 and in late 1974 extended availability of the lazy 360 cu in (5.9 L) V8 (from the prestige Chrysler by Chrysler sedan) to the Charger 770 by way of option E57. VJ Charger Sportsman (option A23) In August 1974, a limited edition Charger Sportsman was released, based upon the Charger XL. Built to a quantity of 500 units, all Sportsman cars were painted an exclusive combination of Vintage Red and white, with a combination black and white interior featuring specific cloth trim. These cars were powered by the standard 265ci engine and four speed manual transmission.

Chrysler VJ Valiant Charger Sportsman

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Barber_Stephens

Alice Barber Stephens

Early life and education

Alice Barber Stephens / Early life and education

English: The Women's Life Class, Oil on cardboard (grisaille), 12 x 14 in. (30.5 x 35.6 cm.), Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts

Alice Barber Stephens was an American painter and engraver, best remembered for her illustrations. Her work regularly appeared in magazines such as Scribner's Monthly, Harper's Weekly, and The Ladies Home Journal.

Alice Barber was born near Salem, New Jersey. She was the eighth of nine children born to Samuel Clayton Barber and Mary Owen, who were Quakers. She attended local schools until she and her family moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. At age 15 she became a student at the Philadelphia School of Design for Women (now Moore College of Art & Design), where she studied wood engraving. She was admitted to the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in 1876 (the first year women were admitted), studying under Thomas Eakins. Among her fellow students at the Academy were Susan MacDowell, Frank Stephens, David Wilson Jordan, Lavinia Ebbinghausen, Thomas Anshutz, and Charles H. Stephens (whom she would marry). During this time, at the academy, she began to work with a variety of media, including black-and-white oils, ink washes, charcoal, full-color oils, and watercolors. In 1879, Eakins chose Stephens to illustrate an Academy classroom scene for Scribner's Monthly. The resulting work, Women's Life Class, was Stephens' first illustration credit.

The Women's Life Class (1879), Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[4]

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deivy_Balanta

Deivy Balanta

Deivy Balanta

English: São Paulo - Colômbia vence a Nigéria por 2x0 na Arena Corinthians (Rovena Rosa/Agência Brasil)

Deivy Balanta is a Colombian footballer who plays as a central defender for Categoría Primera A club Millonarios.

Deivy Balanta (born 2 September 1993) is a Colombian footballer who plays as a central defender for Categoría Primera A club Millonarios.

Balanta at the 2016 Olympics

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosenheim

Rosenheim

Market Rosenheim

Rosenheim / History / Market Rosenheim

Deutsch: Rosenheim um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts

Rosenheim is a town in Bavaria, Germany. It is an independent city located in the centre of the district of Rosenheim, and is also the seat of its administration. It is located on the west bank of the Inn at the confluence of the rivers Inn and Mangfall, in the Bavarian Alpine Foreland. It is the third largest city in Upper Bavaria with over 63,000 inhabitants. Rosenheim is the economic centre and the busiest place in the region.

The town quickly grew in importance as a hub for all types of goods that were transported to the Inn (livestock, grain, silk, arms, salt), and received the 1328 Markets status. The Rosenheim ship masters made Rosenheim very wealthy during this era through the transport of goods, due to the location between Hall in Tirol the Inn and onwards to the Danube down to Vienna and Budapest. Until about 1600 the settlement had grown into one of the largest and most important markets in Bavaria, even though town privileges were only attained in 1864 from the Bavarian King Ludwig II. Rosenheim experienced economic decline during the 17th century in the wake of the decline of Inn Shipping Company and the consequences of the Thirty Years' War. There were also a plague epidemic (1634) and a market fire (1641). In the 19th century Rosenheim developed as an economic centre in the Southeast of Bavaria due to brine. In 1810 an early type of wooden pipeline brought brine from the salt mines in the area Reichenhall and Traunstein to Rosenheim. Boiling the salt made Rosenheim the centre of Bavarian salt production until 1958. Expansion of the railways brought early connection to the railway. In 1858 Rosenheim station was inaugurated, which however would soon be too small and prove a hindrance for further urban development, in 1876 the station moved to its present site. The old railway line was the straight through road (now the Town Hall and Prince Regent Street, main Rosenheimer transport axis, from the northwest to the southeast of the town), the roundhouse of the first station now serves as an exhibition center, the old station is directly opposite the 1878 City Hall – and is used in the ZDF evening series "Die Rosenheim-Cops" as the backdrop of the police headquarters. The economic boom of the late 19th and early 20th century made the Gründerzeit – and Art Nouveau (and its regional characteristics, the Swiss chalet style) the most important architectural style, which now determines the townscape. It was built in the emerging civic centre to the present Town Hall and the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer in Rosenheim for rare Gothic Revival-style brick for the widening Evangelical Lutheran Church. At the beginning of the 20th century, Rosenheim had nine breweries which are still preserved in the names of some restaurants (Duschl-, Hof-, Mail-, Pernloher-, Stern-, Weißbräu). The only survivors being "Auerbräu" and "Flötzinger Bräu" and supply, among others, the "Märzen" for the "Rosenheimer Herbstfest", as well as the Bierbichler Weißbräu.

Rosenheim about 1860

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_State_Route_278

Virginia State Route 278

Route description

Virginia State Route 278 / Route description

English: View north along Virginia State Route 278 (King Street) at U.S. Route 258 (Mercury Boulevard) in Hampton, Virginia

State Route 278 is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known as King Street, the state highway runs 1.64 miles from U.S. Route 258 north to an entrance to Langley Air Force Base within the independent city of Hampton.

SR 278 begins at a diamond interchange with US 258 (Mercury Boulevard). King Street continues south as an unnumbered street toward downtown Hampton. The state highway heads north as a five-lane road with center turn lane through a residential area. SR 278 loses the center turn lane at Little Back River Road and becomes two lanes at Lamington Road. The state highway gains an additional lane northbound before reaching its northern terminus at a gate for Langley Air Force Base. North of the gate, the roadway crosses the Back River to reach the main body of the military installation.

View north at the south end of SR 278 at US 258 in Hampton

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/York,_Newcastle_and_Berwick_Railway

York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway

Newcastle and North Shields Railway

York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway / Newcastle and Berwick Railway / Newcastle and North Shields Railway

English: Ouseburn Bridge, near Newcastle, built by the Newcastle and North Shields Railway in the 1830s using laminated timber arches on masonry piers, similar to the Wiebeking system used in Paris.

The York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway was an English railway company formed in 1847 by the amalgamation of the York and Newcastle Railway and the Newcastle and Berwick Railway. Both companies were part of the group of business interests controlled by George Hudson, the so-called Railway King. In collaboration with the York and North Midland Railway and other lines he controlled, he planned that the YN&BR would form the major part of a continuous railway between London and Edinburgh. At this stage the London terminal was Euston Square and the route was through Normanton. This was the genesis of the East Coast Main Line, but much remained to be done before the present-day route was formed, and the London terminus was altered to King's Cross. The YN&BR completed the plans of its predecessors, including building a central passenger station in Newcastle, the High Level Bridge across the River Tyne, and the viaduct across the River Tweed, that was later named the Royal Border Bridge. These were prodigious undertakings.

The Newcastle and Berwick Railway acquired the Newcastle and North Shields Railway (N&NSR), and used its line between the Newcastle terminus and Heaton. The N&NSR had received the Royal Assent on 21 June 1836. The line opened on 18 June 1839, when two trains carried a total of 700 passengers on a return trip, followed by a celebration, which was interrupted by a violent thunderstorm that flooded the marquee. Public services started the next day. Its Newcastle terminus was at Carliol Square on the northeast side of the city centre; the North Shields station was known as Shields at first. In the first six months, the railway carried over 337,000 passengers. Twenty services a day were provided, taking an average of 21 minutes for the journey and in 1841 the average speed of express trains was 31–34 miles per hour (50–55 km/h). In constructing the line deep valleys at the Ouse Burn and Willington Dene had to be crossed. Laminated timber arch superstructures on stone piers were used, a configuration known after its creator as the Wiebeking system. They were designed by John and Benjamin Green. The Ouseburn Viaduct consisted of five spans of 116 feet (35 m) length and 32 ft 6 in (9.9 m) rise. The Willington Viaduct had seven spans of up to 128 feet (39 m) span. The timber arches consisted of 14 layers of timber, each 22 by 3 ¹⁄₂ inches (56 by 9 cm), held by trenails. Both structures were replaced by iron viaducts in 1869. The railway was absorbed by the Newcastle & Berwick Railway in November 1844. It was extended to Tynemouth on 29 March 1847, and independent operation continued until the line north to Morpeth opened from a junction from Heaton on 1 July 1847.

Ouseburn Bridge; it was built using laminated timber arches on masonry piers

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whakarewarewa

Whakarewarewa

Whakarewarewa

English: Three unidentified women washing clothes in a hot pool at Whakarewarewa. Photograph taken by Albert Percy Godber in 1916. Dated from other images in the Godber album at PA1-q-102 (Vol 109, p 39).

Whakarewarewa is a Rotorua semi-rural geothermal area in the Taupo Volcanic Zone of New Zealand. This was the site of the Māori fortress of Te Puia, first occupied around 1325, and known as an impenetrable stronghold never taken in battle. Māori have lived here ever since, taking full advantage of the geothermal activity in the valley for heating and cooking. Whakarewarewa has some 500 pools, most of which are alkaline chloride hot springs, and at least 65 geyser vents, each with their own name. Seven geysers are currently active. Pohutu Geyser, meaning big splash or explosion, erupts approximately hourly to heights of up to 30 m. Many of the thermal features at Whakarewarewa have been adversely affected by Rotorua residents taking advantage of the underlying geothermal fluids of the city by drawing shallow wells to extract hot water for both domestic and commercial heating. A bore closure programme in 1987–1988 resulted in 106 wells within 1.5 km of Pohutu Geyser being cemented shut, with another 120 wells outside the radius being shut due to a punitive royalty charging regime. There has subsequently been a pronounced recovery in the geysers and hot springs at Whakarewarewa.

Whakarewarewa (reduced version of Te Whakarewarewatanga O Te Ope Taua A Wahiao, meaning The gathering place for the war parties of Wahiao, often abbreviated to Whaka by locals) is a Rotorua semi-rural geothermal area in the Taupo Volcanic Zone of New Zealand. This was the site of the Māori fortress of Te Puia, first occupied around 1325, and known as an impenetrable stronghold never taken in battle. Māori have lived here ever since, taking full advantage of the geothermal activity in the valley for heating and cooking. Whakarewarewa has some 500 pools, most of which are alkaline chloride hot springs, and at least 65 geyser vents, each with their own name. Seven geysers are currently active. Pohutu Geyser, meaning big splash or explosion, erupts approximately hourly to heights of up to 30 m (98 ft). Many of the thermal features at Whakarewarewa have been adversely affected by Rotorua residents taking advantage of the underlying geothermal fluids of the city by drawing shallow wells (20–200 m [66–656 ft] deep) to extract hot water for both domestic and commercial heating. A bore closure programme in 1987–1988 resulted in 106 wells within 1.5 km (0.93 mi) of Pohutu Geyser being cemented shut, with another 120 wells outside the radius being shut due to a punitive royalty charging regime. There has subsequently been a pronounced recovery in the geysers and hot springs at Whakarewarewa. The area features Te Pākira Marae and Wahiao meeting house, a meeting place of the Tūhourangi hapū of Ngāti Puta, Ngāti Uruhina, Ngāti Wahiao, Tūhourangi and Ngāti Taoi.

Maori women washing clothes in a hot pool at Whakarewarewa in 1916

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higer_H5C

Higer H5C

Overview

Higer H5C / Overview

English: Higer H5C

The Higer H5C, Higer H5F, and Higer H6C is a light commercial van produced by the Chinese automobile manufacturer Higer. First launched in 2004, the Higer H5C, H5F and H6C has since been available in a wide range of body configurations, including a minivan/MPV, minibus, and panel van.

Higer H5C engine options include both gasoline and diesel engines. The gasoline engine options of the H5C can be equipped with engine sizes of 2.4L and 2.7L. Its diesel engine options of the H5C is a 2.5L engine option. The suspension setup of the Higer H5C is double wishbone independent suspension for the front and variable rate leaf spring for the rear. Prices of the Higer H5C ranges from 16,530 yuan to 24,680 yuan.

Higer H5C rear

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travois

Travois

Construction and use

Travois / Construction and use

English: Blackfoot travois. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History. Material culture of the Blackfoot Indians. 1910. Clark Wissler. p. 89

A travois is a historical frame structure that was used by indigenous peoples, notably the Plains Aboriginals of North America, to drag loads over land. There is evidence to support the thesis that travois were used in other parts of the world before the invention of the wheel.

The basic construction consists of a platform or netting mounted on two long poles, lashed in the shape of an elongated isosceles triangle; the frame was dragged with the sharply pointed end forward. Sometimes the blunt end of the frame was stabilized by a third pole bound across the two poles. The travois was dragged by hand, sometimes fitted with a shoulder harness for more efficient dragging, or dragged by dogs or horses (after the 16th-century introduction of horses by the Spanish). A travois could either be loaded by piling goods atop the bare frame and tying them in place, or by first stretching cloth or leather over the frame to hold the load to be dragged. Although considered more primitive than wheel-based forms of transport, on the type of territory where the travois was used (forest floors, soft soil, snow, etc.), rather than roadways, wheels would have encountered difficulties which would have made them less efficient. As such the travois was employed by coureurs des bois in New France's fur trade with the Plains Tribes. It is possible for a person to transport more weight on a travois than can be carried on the back.

A Travois design used by the Niitsitapi

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Sarajevo

List of shopping malls in Sarajevo

List of shopping malls in Sarajevo

The Gazi-Husrev-Beg-Bazaar.

This is a list of historical, modern and projected shopping malls in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

This is a list of historical, modern and projected shopping malls in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Gazi Husrev Beys Bezistan

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_of_Filipino_Americans

Health of Filipino Americans

Hypertension

Health of Filipino Americans / Measurement of health of the Filipino American population / Hypertension

English: Diagram indicating Filipino American settlement in the United States. Image as based on the census 2000 by the U.S. Census Bureau. Badagnani (talk) 07:51, 23 May 2009 (UTC)

The Filipino American identity comprises principles from both the Philippines and the United States. Although the meaning of identity differs from one individual to another, the fundamental factors are the same. History, genetics, socio-economic status, culture, and education are all indirect factors that influences the identity of an ethnic group; thus, they are also reflective of a group's health beliefs and practices. The ethnic differences between the Philippines and the United States are influential on the health practices and behaviors of Filipino Americans; however, these differences can also be regarded as being on opposite ends of a spectrum. While it is apparent that the United States exhibits a greater Western approach to health care than Eastern medicine, the health care practices in the Philippines reflect both traditional medicine as well as Western medicine. Due to the historical ties between the United States and the Philippines and societal progression, the healthcare practices of the Philippines also have an allopathic influence.

Based on reports of Filipino American communities throughout the United States, specifically in higher population areas of Filipinos, there is a history of a higher prevalence of hypertension exhibited among Filipino American men and women than in other ethnic communities within the United States second to African Americans. In addition, the prevalence of hypertension was greater within Filipino American communities than Filipinos living in the Philippines. There are behavior-related risk factors related with hypertension. These factors include reduced physical activity levels and excess dietary sodium intake from foods. In addition to hypertension, Filipino Americans have a genetic risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Distribution of Filipinos in the United States

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonaki_Prefectural_Natural_Park

Tonaki Prefectural Natural Park

Tonaki Prefectural Natural Park

日本語: 渡名喜島(奥) と入砂島〔いりしなじま〕(手前)。沖縄県島尻郡渡名喜村。 English: Tonaki Island (back) and Irishina Island (front). Administratively both belong to the village of Tonaki, Shimajiri District, Okinawa prefecture, Japan.

Tonaki Prefectural Natural Park is a Prefectural Natural Park on and around the island of Tonaki, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The park was established in 1997 and includes a designated marine zone of 13 km².

Tonaki Prefectural Natural Park (渡名喜県立自然公園, Tonaki kenritsu shizen kōen) is a Prefectural Natural Park on and around the island of Tonaki, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The park was established in 1997 and includes a designated marine zone of 13 km².

Tonaki (far) and Irishina (near)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibbeh

Kibbeh

Variations

Kibbeh / Variations

FOTO QUIBE FRITO DE CARNE E REQUEIJÃO CREMOSO

Kibbeh is a family of dishes based on spiced ground meat and grain, popular in Middle Eastern cuisine. In Levantine cuisine, usually bulgur wheat is pounded together with meat into a fine paste and formed into balls, with pine nuts and spices. It may also be layered and cooked on a tray or served raw. In Iraq, versions with rice or farina are found. Kibbeh is considered to be the national dish of many Middle Eastern countries, including Lebanon and Syria. Versions are found in Egypt, Israel, Iraq, Iran, Armenia and Turkey, as well as in Palestine, Jordan, and Cyprus. It is also found throughout Latin American countries that received substantial numbers of immigrants from the Levant during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as parts of North America.

In Levantine cuisine, a variety of dishes made with bulghur (cracked wheat) and minced lamb are called kibbeh. The northern Syrian city of Aleppo (Halab) is famous for having more than 17 different types. These include kibbeh prepared with sumac (kibbe sumāqiyye), yogurt (kibbe labaniyye), quince (kibbe safarjaliyye), lemon juice (kibbe ḥāmḍa), pomegranate sauce, cherry sauce, and other varieties, such as the "disk" kibbeh (kibbe arāṣ), the "plate" kibbeh (kibbe biṣfīḥa or kibbe bṣēniyye) and the raw kibbeh (kibbeh nayyeh). Kibbeh nayyeh is a raw dish made from a mixture of bulghur, very finely minced lamb or beef similar to steak tartare, and Middle Eastern spices, served on a platter, frequently as part of a meze in Lebanon and Syria, garnished with mint leaves and olive oil, and served with green onions or scallions, green hot peppers, and pita/pocket bread or markouk bread. Kubba Mosul from Iraq is flat and round like a disc. Kubba halab is an Iraqi version of kibbeh created with a rice crust and named after the largest city in Syria, Aleppo. Kubbat Shorba is an Iraqi-Kurdish version prepared as a stew, commonly made with tomato sauce and spices. It is often served with arak and various salads. A Syrian soup known as kubbi kishk consists of kubbi "torpedoes" or "footballs" in a yogurt (kishk) and butter broth with stewed cabbage leaves. Another soup, known as kibbeh hamda, consists of a chicken stock with vegetables (usually leeks, celery, turnips and courgettes), lemon juice and garlic, with small kibbeh made with ground rice as dumplings. In the Syrian Jewish diaspora this is popular both at Pesach and as the pre-fast meal on the day before Yom Kippur. Some regional Jewish cuisines combine kibbeh with elements taken from Latin American cuisine, for example, it is typical of Syrian Jews in Mexico to eat the traditional kibbeh with salsa verde. On Colombia's Caribbean coast, the most local variations of the dish use ground beef instead of lamb, but the original recipe, or one with mixture of beef and lamb, can be found served by the large Middle Eastern population of the zone. The dish has acquired almost vernacular presence and is frequently served in social occasions at both Arab and non-Arab households. When served as an adopted local dish, it is offered often as a starter along with other regional delicacies, including empanadas, tequeños and carimañolas. Brazilian quibe/kibe, stuffed with requeijão, a sauce resembling ricotta and cream cheese of Portuguese origin. Most Brazilian kibbeh uses only ground beef, and not other types of meat. Other variations include tahini, carne de soja (texturized soy protein), seitan (Japanese wheat gluten-based meat substitute) or tofu (soybean curd) as stuffing.

Fried quibe (Brazil)

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Quibe_frito.JPG

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid

Citric acid

Food and drink

Citric acid / Applications / Food and drink

English: Preparing lemon pepper using salt, black pepper, garlic powder and powdered citric acid.

Citric acid is a weak organic acid that has the molecular formula C₆H₈O₇. It occurs naturally in citrus fruits. In biochemistry, it is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms. More than two million tons of citric acid are manufactured every year. It is used widely as an acidifier, as a flavoring and a chelating agent. A citrate is a derivative of citric acid; that is, the salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion found in solution. An example of the former, a salt is trisodium citrate; an ester is triethyl citrate. When part of a salt, the formula of the citrate anion is written as C ₆H ₅O³⁻ ₇ or C ₃H ₅O(COO)³⁻ ₃.

Because it is one of the stronger edible acids, the dominant use of citric acid is as a flavoring and preservative in food and beverages, especially soft drinks and candies. Within the European Union it is denoted by E number E330. Citrate salts of various metals are used to deliver those minerals in a biologically available form in many dietary supplements. Citric acid has 247 kcal per 100 g. In the United States the purity requirements for citric acid as a food additive are defined by the Food Chemicals Codex, which is published by the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP). Citric acid can be added to ice cream as an emulsifying agent to keep fats from separating, to caramel to prevent sucrose crystallization, or in recipes in place of fresh lemon juice. Citric acid is used with sodium bicarbonate in a wide range of effervescent formulae, both for ingestion (e.g., powders and tablets) and for personal care (e.g., bath salts, bath bombs, and cleaning of grease). Citric acid sold in a dry powdered form is commonly sold in markets and groceries as "sour salt", due to its physical resemblance to table salt. It has use in culinary applications, as an alternative to vinegar or lemon juice, where a pure acid is needed. Citric acid can be used in food coloring to balance the pH level of a normally basic dye.

Powdered citric acid being used to prepare lemon pepper seasoning

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell,_Manitoba

Russell, Manitoba

Russell, Manitoba

English: The current arches in Russell, Manitoba which replaced the original wooden trusses from the former ice hockey arena that had decayed over time.

A view of the arches spanning Main Street in Russell, Manitoba.

Russell is an unincorporated urban community in the Municipality of Russell – Binscarth within the Canadian province of Manitoba that held town status prior to January 1, 2015 when it and the nearby Village of Binscarth amalgamated with the Rural Municipality of Russell. It is located along PTH 16 and PTH 83, and is at the western terminus of PTH 45. Russell is approximately 15 km from the Saskatchewan border and 340 km northwest of Winnipeg. The community is home to 1,611 people. Russell is the home of Manitoba's Beef and Barley Festival, which is held annually in October to celebrate the region's strong agricultural tradition. Grain farming and cattle ranching are extensive in the surrounding areas.

Russell is an unincorporated urban community in the Municipality of Russell – Binscarth within the Canadian province of Manitoba that held town status prior to January 1, 2015 when it and the nearby Village of Binscarth amalgamated with the Rural Municipality of Russell. It is located along PTH 16 and PTH 83, and is at the western terminus of PTH 45. Russell is approximately 15 km (9 mi) from the Saskatchewan border and 340 km (211 mi) northwest of Winnipeg. The community is home to 1,611 people (2011 census). Russell is the home of Manitoba's Beef and Barley Festival, which is held annually in October to celebrate the region's strong agricultural tradition. Grain farming and cattle ranching are extensive in the surrounding areas.

A view of the arches spanning Main Street in Russell, Manitoba.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut_Ridge_Regional_Airport

Walnut Ridge Regional Airport

Walnut Ridge Regional Airport

English: USGS digital orthophoto of Walnut Ridge Regional Airport in Walnut Ridge, Lawrence County, Arkansas, United States

Walnut Ridge Regional Airport is a city-owned public-use airport located four nautical miles northeast of the central business district of Walnut Ridge, a city in Lawrence County, Arkansas, United States. According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, its FAA airport category is general aviation. It is located on land which used to house both Marine Corps Air Facility Walnut Ridge and Walnut Ridge Air Force Station. In 1964, The Beatles briefly stopped at this airport on the way to and from a retreat in Missouri. This visit inspired a monument, a plaza, and a music festival in Walnut Ridge.

Walnut Ridge Regional Airport (IATA: ARG, ICAO: KARG, FAA LID: ARG) is a city-owned public-use airport located four nautical miles (7 km) northeast of the central business district of Walnut Ridge, a city in Lawrence County, Arkansas, United States. According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, its FAA airport category is general aviation. It is located on land which used to house both Marine Corps Air Facility Walnut Ridge and Walnut Ridge Air Force Station. In 1964, The Beatles briefly stopped at this airport on the way to and from a retreat in Missouri. This visit inspired a monument, a plaza, and a music festival in Walnut Ridge.

2006 USGS aerial image

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Walnut_Ridge_Regional_Airport_2006_USGS.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box_Cutter_(Breaking_Bad)

Box Cutter (Breaking Bad)

Production

Box Cutter (Breaking Bad) / Production

Vince Gilligan

"Box Cutter" is the fourth season premiere of the American television drama series Breaking Bad, and its 34th episode overall. Written by series creator Vince Gilligan and directed by Adam Bernstein, "Box Cutter" originally aired on AMC in the United States on July 17, 2011. The narrative follows protagonist Walter White and his partner Jesse Pinkman as they face repercussions from drug kingpin Gus Fring for killing Gale Boetticher at the end of the previous season. Meanwhile, Skyler White breaks into her husband Walter's condominium to investigate his sudden disappearance, and Marie Schrader struggles to help Hank Schrader recover from his injuries. The episode marked the final regular performances of actors David Costabile and Jeremiah Bitsui as Gale and Victor. Gilligan considered changing the episode based on audience responses to the third-season finale, "Full Measure", on whether Gale would be killed or not, but ultimately decided against it. During a twist scene in "Box Cutter", Gus slices his loyal henchman Victor's throat with a utility knife right before Walt and Jesse's eyes.

"Box Cutter", the fourth season premiere of Breaking Bad, was directed by Adam Bernstein and written by series creator Vince Gilligan. Filmed in January 2011, the episode was edited by Skip MacDonald, one of a handful of editors who have regularly worked on the series. It was broadcast on July 17, 2011, and was the first original Breaking Bad episode in 13 months, since the third season finale episode "Full Measure" aired in June 2010. AMC officials delayed the fourth-season premiere until July because they felt the Nielsen ratings would be better during the summer. While Breaking Bad scripts are generally 50 pages long, the screenplay to "Box Cutter" was 43 pages long, and Gilligan was originally concerned because he did not want to stretch out the episode simply to pad the running time. "Full Measure" ended with Jesse's pulling a gun on Gale and firing directly into the screen, with Gale's death not visibly revealed on-screen. This led to wide speculation among fans and reviewers that Jesse did not actually kill Gale, but rather aimed away from him and fired the gun. This speculation continued up until the original broadcast of "Box Cutter", which confirmed Jesse indeed killed Gale. Gilligan said he never intended for that scene to be a cliffhanger and he thought it clearly conveyed that Gale had died. "Box Cutter" featured the final regular appearances of recurring Breaking Bad actors David Costabile and Jeremiah Bitsui who, respectively, played Gale Boetticher and Victor. Stand-up comedian Lavell Crawford also made his first of several guest appearances in "Box Cutter" as Huell, Saul's new bodyguard. Gilligan stated that he named the episode "Box Cutter" mainly because "it just sounded like a cool title", but also because he was concerned that the climax of the episode took so long to build to that, by calling it "Box Cutter", "Perhaps I was thinking on some level, 'We'd better let the audience know that there's something at the end of this.'" Although the Breaking Bad staff always intended for Gale to be killed, the audience reaction to "Full Measure" made Gilligan and the Breaking Bad writing staff reconsider whether their plans were the best ones. However, Gilligan said they instead decided to follow their original plan, saying "At the end of the day, the choice we made for how to press forward was the choice we felt was the most honest, and the one that would best continue the story." Giancarlo Esposito said that when he first read the script for "Box Cutter", he was so shocked that he had to put it down and walk away from it. Esposito said he did not want to "take any of [the scene] home with me" and had "some deep concern about being able to do it and coming out of it unscathed, without really hurting my spirit and my soul". He worked through these concerns by justifying Gus' actions in that, by killing Victor, he was protecting everyone else who works for him. Nevertheless, he said it was "a difficult moment for me" to slit Victor's throat, and that during one take he tried to hush the character to make him die more calmly. That scene took two days to film, and Esposito remained silent and focused during filming, rarely speaking to the others on set. The boots he was originally given were too large and he was concerned that he would slip, which would be out of character for Gus, who was otherwise completely calm and in control. A costume designer quickly procured the right-sized boots for him. In writing the script, the Breaking Bad staff decided early on that Gus would not speak much during the scene because they felt it was more dramatic that way and more appropriate for his character. Esposito felt the scene was a pivotal moment not only for his character, but for Gus' relationship with Walter, and a warning that Walter should continue to operate Gus' way or risk death. Regarding his character's murder of Victor, Esposito said: "This had to be done. Someone did something, they got seen. ... It was about survival. This had to be done, but I could do it in a way that also sent a message to the people who were

"Box Cutter" was written by Breaking Bad creator Vince Gilligan.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klumpenhouwer_network

Klumpenhouwer network

Klumpenhouwer network

English: Graph of graphs from the six chords of Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire mm.13-14.

A Klumpenhouwer Network, named after its inventor, Canadian music theorist and former doctoral student of David Lewin's at Harvard, Henry Klumpenhouwer, is "any network that uses T and/or I operations to interpret interrelations among pcs". According to George Perle, "a Klumpenhouwer network is a chord analyzed in terms of its dyadic sums and differences," and "this kind of analysis of triadic combinations was implicit in," his "concept of the cyclic set from the beginning", cyclic sets being those "sets whose alternate elements unfold complementary cycles of a single interval." "Klumpenhouwer's idea, both simple and profound in its implications, is to allow inversional, as well as transpositional, relations into networks like those of Figure 1," showing an arrow down from B to F♯ labeled T₇, down from F♯ to A labeled T₃, and back up from A to B, labeled T₁₀ which allows it to be represented by Figure 2a, for example, labeled I₅, I₃, and T₂. In Figure 4 this is I₇, I₅, T₂ and I₅, I₃, T₂.

A Klumpenhouwer Network, named after its inventor, Canadian music theorist and former doctoral student of David Lewin's at Harvard, Henry Klumpenhouwer, is "any network that uses T and/or I operations (transposition or inversion) to interpret interrelations among pcs" (pitch class sets). According to George Perle, "a Klumpenhouwer network is a chord analyzed in terms of its dyadic sums and differences," and "this kind of analysis of triadic combinations was implicit in," his "concept of the cyclic set from the beginning", cyclic sets being those "sets whose alternate elements unfold complementary cycles of a single interval." "Klumpenhouwer's idea, both simple and profound in its implications, is to allow inversional, as well as transpositional, relations into networks like those of Figure 1," showing an arrow down from B to F♯ labeled T₇, down from F♯ to A labeled T₃, and back up from A to B, labeled T₁₀ which allows it to be represented by Figure 2a, for example, labeled I₅, I₃, and T₂. In Figure 4 this is (b) I₇, I₅, T₂ and (c) I₅, I₃, T₂. Lewin asserts the "recursive potential of K-network analysis"... "'in great generality: When a system modulates by an operation A, the transformation f ' = A f A -inverse plays the structural role in the modulated system that f played in the original system.'" Given any network of pitch classes, and given any pc operation A, a second network may be derived from the first, and the relationship thereby derived network isomorphism "arises between networks using analogous configurations of nodes and arrows to interpret pcsets that are of the same set class." "isomorphism of graphs. Two graphs are isomorphic when they share the same structure of nodes-and-arrows, and when also the operations labeling corresponding arrows correspond under a particular sort of mapping f among T/I." "To generate isomorphic graphs, the mapping f must be what is called an automorphism of the T/I system. Networks that have isomorphic graphs are called isographic." "to be isographic, two networks must have these features: They must have the same configuration of nodes and arrows. There must be some isomorphism F that maps the transformation-system used to label the arrows of one network, into the transformation-system used to label the arrows of the other. If the transformation X labels an arrow of the one network, then the transformation F(X) labels the corresponding arrow of the other." "Two networks are positively isographic when they share the same configuration of nodes and arrows, when the T-numbers of corresponding arrows are equal, and when the I-numbers of corresponding arrows differ by some fixed number j mod 12." "We call networks that contain identical graphs 'strongly isographic'". "Let the family of transpositions and inversions on pitch classes be called 'the T/I group.'" "Any network can be retrograded by reversing all arrows and adjusting the transformations accordingly." Klumpenhouwer's [true] conjecture: "nodes (a) and (b), sharing the same configuration of arrows, will always be isographic if each T-number of Network (b) is the same as the corresponding T-number of Network (a), while each I-number of Network (b) is exactly j more than the corresponding I-number of Network (a), where j is some constant number modulo 12." Five Rules for Isography of Klumpenhouwer Networks: Klumpenhouwer Networks (a) and (b), sharing the same configuration of nodes and arrows, will be isographic under the circumstance that each T-number of Network (b) is the same as the corresponding T-number of Network (a), and each I-number of Network (b) is exactly j more than the corresponding I-number of Network (a). The pertinent automorphism of the T/I group is F(1,j): F(1,j)(Tₙ)=Tₙ; F(1,j)(Iₙ) = In+J. Klumpenhouwer Networks (a) and (b), will be isographic under the circumstance that each T-number of Network (b) is the complement of the corresponding T-number in Network (a), and each I-number of Network (b) is exactly j more than the complement of the corresponding I-number in Network (a)...F(11,j): F(11,j)(Tₙ)=T−n; F(1

Graph of graphs from the six chords of Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire, No. 4, mm.13-14.[10]

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifugao

Ifugao

American occupation

Ifugao / History / American occupation

English: Identifier: universityofcali15univ (find matches) Title: University of California publications in American archaeology and ethnology Year: 1903 (1900s) Authors: University of California (1868-1952) University of California (1868-1952) Publications in American archaeology and ethnology Subjects: Indians Indians of North America Publisher: Berkeley University of California Press Contributing Library: Robarts - University of Toronto Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto View Book Page: Book Viewer About This Book: Catalog Entry View All Images: All Images From Book Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book. Text Appearing Before Image: PLATE 32 The boy and girl iu the center have been recently married and are beingelevated to the rank of kadangyang, or wealthy. The boy carries a cock hangingfrom his belt, tlie girl a hen in her hand. The men and women are kindred ofthe boy and girl. (184) Text Appearing After Image: PLATE 33 When a person of ladangyang rank is placed in the death chair he is dressedin the costume of that rank. These bodies are sometimes kept in the chair foras many as 13 or 15 days. At the right of the picture may be seen the momvahiwa(primitive undertaker), whose business it is to care for the body and finally tocarry it on his shoulders to the sepulchre on the mountain side. For theseservices he receives a very trifling compensation. Note that the treatment ofthe bodies of those dead from natural causes is very different from the treatmentof the bodies of the murdered or those dead by violence. The former are showngreat care and respect; the latter are neglected and bereft of the usual dignitiesof death. (186) UNIV, CALIF. PUBL. AM. ARCH. & ETHN. VOL. 15 (BARTON) PLATE 33 Note About Images Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.

Ifugao is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Lagawe and it borders Benguet to the west, Mountain Province to the north, Isabela to the east, and Nueva Vizcaya to the south. The Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras and Banaue Rice Terraces are the main tourist attractions in the province. These terraces are believed to have been hand-carved into the mountains 2,000 years ago to plant rice. However, recent research by carbon dating suggests that they were built much later. In 1995, the Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras were declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In 2008 and 2015, the Hudhud chants of the Ifugao and the Punnuk were inscribed in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.

On August 18, 1908, Ifugao was separated from Nueva Vizcaya and, along with Amburayan, Apayao, Benguet, Bontoc, Kalinga and Lepanto, was annexed to the newly created Mountain Province established by the Philippine Commission with the enactment of Act No. 1876.

Participants in Ifugao uyauwe ceremony, c. 1903

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_Richards

Vincent Richards

Grand Slam finals

Vincent Richards / Grand Slam finals

English: Title: Vincent Richards and wife 8Abstract/medium: 1 negative : glass ; 5 x 7 in. or smaller.

Vincent "Vinnie" Richards was an American tennis player. He was active in the early decades of the 20th century, particularly known as being a superlative volleyer. He was ranked World No. 2 both as an amateur in 1924 by A. Wallis Myers, and as a pro by American Lawn Tennis magazine in 1930.

The Richards, circa 1930s

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_Line

Reading Line

Reading Line

Norfolk Southern Railway GE C40-9W 9145 leads a manifest freight westbound on the Reading Line through Lyons, Pennsylvania.

The Reading Line is a main freight line in Pennsylvania owned and operated by Norfolk Southern Railway. It stretches from the Harrisburg Line at Wyomissing Junction in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania to a junction with the Lehigh Line in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. The line sees about 65 trains a day, mostly trains running from Northern New Jersey and Allentown, Pennsylvania to points west and south. The line, for the most part, is double-track, with the only area of single track between CP Blandon and CP West Laurel.

The Reading Line is a main freight line in Pennsylvania owned and operated by Norfolk Southern Railway. It stretches from the Harrisburg Line at Wyomissing Junction in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania to a junction with the Lehigh Line in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. The line sees about 65 trains a day, mostly trains running from Northern New Jersey and Allentown, Pennsylvania to points west and south. The line, for the most part, is double-track, with the only area of single track between CP Blandon and CP West Laurel.

Westbound Norfolk Southern merchandise train on the Reading Line in Lyons, Pennsylvania

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanics

Mechanics

Medieval age

Mechanics / History / Medieval age

Arabic Machine Manuscript (Orient manuscript 3306)

Mechanics is the area of physics concerned with the motions of macroscopic objects. Forces applied to objects result in displacements, or changes of an object's position relative to its environment. This branch of physics has its origins in Ancient Greece with the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes. During the early modern period, scientists such as Galileo, Kepler, and Newton laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics. It is a branch of classical physics that deals with particles that are either at rest or are moving with velocities significantly less than the speed of light. It can also be defined as a branch of science which deals with the motion of and forces on bodies not in the quantum realm. The field is today less widely understood in terms of quantum theory.

In the Middle Ages, Aristotle's theories were criticized and modified by a number of figures, beginning with John Philoponus in the 6th century. A central problem was that of projectile motion, which was discussed by Hipparchus and Philoponus. Persian Islamic polymath Ibn Sīnā published his theory of motion in The Book of Healing (1020). He said that an impetus is imparted to a projectile by the thrower, and viewed it as persistent, requiring external forces such as air resistance to dissipate it. Ibn Sina made distinction between 'force' and 'inclination' (called "mayl"), and argued that an object gained mayl when the object is in opposition to its natural motion. So he concluded that continuation of motion is attributed to the inclination that is transferred to the object, and that object will be in motion until the mayl is spent. He also claimed that projectile in a vacuum would not stop unless it is acted upon. This conception of motion is consistent with Newton's first law of motion, inertia. Which states that an object in motion will stay in motion unless it is acted on by an external force. This idea which dissented from the Aristotelian view was later described as "impetus" by John Buridan, who was influenced by Ibn Sina's Book of Healing. On the question of a body subject to a constant (uniform) force, the 12th-century Jewish-Arab scholar Hibat Allah Abu'l-Barakat al-Baghdaadi (born Nathanel, Iraqi, of Baghdad) stated that constant force imparts constant acceleration. According to Shlomo Pines, al-Baghdaadi's theory of motion was "the oldest negation of Aristotle's fundamental dynamic law [namely, that a constant force produces a uniform motion], [and is thus an] anticipation in a vague fashion of the fundamental law of classical mechanics [namely, that a force applied continuously produces acceleration]." The same century, Ibn Bajjah proposed that for every force there is always a reaction force. While he did not specify that these forces be equal, it is still an early version of the third law of motion which states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Influenced by earlier writers such as Ibn Sina and al-Baghdaadi, the 14th-century French priest Jean Buridan developed the theory of impetus, which later developed into the modern theories of inertia, velocity, acceleration and momentum. This work and others was developed in 14th-century England by the Oxford Calculators such as Thomas Bradwardine, who studied and formulated various laws regarding falling bodies. The concept that the main properties of a body are uniformly accelerated motion (as of falling bodies) was worked out by the 14th-century Oxford Calculators.

Arabic Machine Manuscript. Unknown date (at a guess: 16th to 19th centuries).

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corylopsis

Corylopsis

Corylopsis

A Corylopsis multiflora as planted in Shing Mun Arboretum in Shing Mun Country Park

Corylopsis is a genus of nearly 30 species of shrubs in the witch hazel family, Hamamelidaceae, native to eastern Asia with the majority of species endemic to China but with some also in Japan, Korea, and the Himalayas. This genus is also known from the extinct species Corylopsis reedae described from Eocene leaf fossils found in Washington State, USA. They grow to 2–6 m tall, often with a crown wider than the shrub's height. The leaves are ovate with an acute apex and a serrated margin, 4–20 cm long and 3–15 cm broad. The flowers are produced in late winter in pendulous racemes 3–9 cm long with 5-30 flowers; each flower has five pale yellow petals, 4–9 mm long. The fruit is a dry capsule 10–12 mm long, containing two glossy black seeds. Selected species Native to China unless otherwise indicated Corylopsis alnifolia Corylopsis brevistyla Corylopsis glabrescens Corylopsis glandulifera Corylopsis glaucescens Corylopsis griffithii Corylopsis henryi Corylopsis himalayana Corylopsis microcarpa Corylopsis multiflora Corylopsis obovata Corylopsis omeiensis Corylopsis pauciflora Corylopsis platypetala †Corylopsis reedae Corylopsis rotundifolia Corylopsis sinensis Corylopsis spicata

Corylopsis is a genus of nearly 30 species of shrubs in the witch hazel family, Hamamelidaceae, native to eastern Asia with the majority of species endemic to China but with some also in Japan, Korea, and the Himalayas. This genus is also known from the extinct species Corylopsis reedae described from Eocene leaf fossils found in Washington State, USA. They grow to 2–6 m (6 ft 7 in–19 ft 8 in) tall, often with a crown wider than the shrub's height. The leaves are ovate with an acute apex and a serrated margin, 4–20 cm (2–8 in) long and 3–15 cm (1.2–5.9 in) broad. The flowers are produced in late winter in pendulous racemes 3–9 cm (1.2–3.5 in) long with 5-30 flowers; each flower has five pale yellow petals, 4–9 mm long. The fruit is a dry capsule 10–12 mm long, containing two glossy black seeds. Selected species Native to China unless otherwise indicated Corylopsis alnifolia Corylopsis brevistyla Corylopsis glabrescens (Japan, Korea) Corylopsis glandulifera Corylopsis glaucescens Corylopsis griffithii (Himalaya) Corylopsis henryi Corylopsis himalayana (Himalaya) Corylopsis microcarpa Corylopsis multiflora Corylopsis obovata Corylopsis omeiensis Corylopsis pauciflora (Japan, Taiwan) Corylopsis platypetala †Corylopsis reedae (extinct, Ypresian, Washington State) Corylopsis rotundifolia Corylopsis sinensis Corylopsis spicata (Japan) Corylopsis stelligera Corylopsis trabeculosa Corylopsis veitchiana Corylopsis velutina Corylopsis willmottiae Corylopsis yui Corylopsis yunnanensis

Corylopsis multiflora

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_relations

Mexico–United States relations

1850s

Mexico–United States relations / History / 1850s

Mexico–United States relations refers to the diplomatic and economic relations between Mexico and the United States. The two countries share a maritime and land border. Several treaties have been concluded between the two nations bilaterally, such as the Gadsden Purchase, and multilaterally, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement. Both are members of various international organizations, including the Organization of American States and the United Nations. Since the late nineteenth century during the regime of President Porfirio Díaz, the two countries have had close diplomatic and economic ties. During Díaz's long presidency, Mexico was opened to foreign investment and U.S. entrepreneurs invested in ranching and agricultural enterprises and mining. The U.S. played an important role in the course of the Mexican Revolution with direct actions of the U.S. government in supporting or repudiating the support of revolutionary factions. The long border between the two countries means that peace and security in that region are important to the U.S.'s national security and international trade.

Mexican President Antonio López de Santa Anna sold Mexican territory to the United States in which is known as the Gadsden Purchase, allowing the U.S. to build a railway line more easily through that region. That purchase played a significant role in the ouster of Santa Anna by Mexican liberals, in what is known as the Revolution of Ayutla, since it was widely viewed as selling Mexico's patrimony. As the liberals made significant political changes in Mexico and a civil war broke out between conservative opponents to the liberal reform, the liberal government of Benito Juárez negotiated with the U.S. to enable the building of an interoceanic route in southern Mexico. A treaty was concluded in 1859 between Melchor Ocampo and the U.S. representative Robert Milligan McLane, giving their names to the McLane-Ocampo Treaty. The U.S. Senate failed to ratify the treaty. Had it passed, Mexico would have made significant concessions to the U.S. in exchange for cash desperately needed by the liberal Mexican government.

Matías Romero, Mexican envoy to the United States

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Matias_Romero.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thom%C3%A9_H._Fang

Thomé H. Fang

Thomé H. Fang

English: Thome H. FangPortuguês: Thomé H. Fang中文: 方東美

Thomé H. Fang

Thomé H. Fang was a Chinese philosopher. From 1925 to 1948, Thomé H. Fang taught at several universities in China, mostly at the National Central University, in Nanking and Chungking. Then he taught at National Taiwan University. Thomé H. Fang was the 16th generation descendant of Fang Bao, a Qing dynasty scholar and a relative of his contemporary Fang Chih, a Chinese diplomat. Professor Charles A. Moore considered him the "greatest philosopher of China."

Thomé H. Fang (Chinese: 方東美; pinyin: Fāng Dōngměi) was a Chinese philosopher. From 1925 to 1948, Thomé H. Fang taught at several universities in China, mostly at the National Central University (later renamed Nanjing University and reinstated in Taiwan), in Nanking and Chungking. Then he taught at National Taiwan University. Thomé H. Fang was the 16th generation descendant of Fang Bao, a Qing dynasty scholar and a relative of his contemporary Fang Chih, a Chinese diplomat. Professor Charles A. Moore considered him the "greatest philosopher of China."

Thomé H. Fang

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biman_Bangladesh_Airlines

Biman Bangladesh Airlines

Current fleet

Biman Bangladesh Airlines / Fleet / Current fleet

English: S2-AFO - Boeing 777-3E9(ER) - Biman Bangladesh Airlines .

Biman Bangladesh Airlines, commonly known as Biman, pronounced, is the national flag carrier of Bangladesh. With its main hub at Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport in Dhaka, the airline also operates flights from its secondary hubs at Shah Amanat International Airport in Chittagong and as well as Osmani International Airport in Sylhet. The airline provides international passenger and cargo services to multiple destinations and has air service agreements in 42 countries. The headquarters of the airline, Balaka Bhaban, is located in Kurmitola, in the northern part of Dhaka. Annual Hajj flights; transporting tourists, migrants and non-resident Bangladeshi workers; and the activities of its subsidiaries form an integral part of the corporate business of the airline. Bangladesh's air transport sector, which is experiencing an 8% annual growth rate thanks to a large number of outbound tourists, domestic tourists and non-resident Bangladeshi travellers, is very competitive with stiff competition among a number of private Bangladeshi airlines as well as Biman. Created in February 1972, Biman enjoyed an internal monopoly in the aviation industry of Bangladesh for 24 years, until 1996.

As of July 2020, the Biman Bangladesh Airlines fleet included the following aircraft:

Biman Bangladesh Airlines Boeing 777-300ER departing Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport in Dhaka.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_P._Hickerson

Patricia P. Hickerson

Patricia P. Hickerson

English: Brig. Gen. Patricia P. Hickerson

Patricia Parsons Hickerson is a retired major general in the United States Army. She served for 32 years and served as Adjutant General of the Army from 1991 to 1994. Upon her retirement in 2001, Hickerson held the rank of two-star General, the third woman in U.S. Army history to receive her second star, and the senior woman officer in the Army.

Patricia Parsons Hickerson is a retired major general in the United States Army. She served for 32 years and served as Adjutant General of the Army from 1991 to 1994. Upon her retirement in 2001, Hickerson held the rank of two-star General, the third woman in U.S. Army history to receive her second star, and the senior woman officer in the Army.

Hickerson in 1991

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convento_de_los_Agustinos_Recoletos_(Madrid)

Convento de los Agustinos Recoletos (Madrid)

Convento de los Agustinos Recoletos (Madrid)

English: Antiguo Convento de Recoletos, Madrid. Actual sede de la Biblioteca Nacional de España.

The Convento de los Agustinos Recoletos or Convento de Copacabana, in the city of Madrid, was a convent located in the land now occupied by the National Library, the Museo Arqueológico Nacional, and several city blocks. This convent named the known Paseo de Recoletos of Madrid, name that refers to the Augustinian Recollect, former owners of the convent and of the adjacent properties. In this convent the painter Francisco de Zurbarán was buried.

The Convento de los Agustinos Recoletos or Convento de Copacabana, in the city of Madrid, was a convent located in the land now occupied by the National Library, the Museo Arqueológico Nacional, and several city blocks. This convent named the known Paseo de Recoletos of Madrid, name that refers to the Augustinian Recollect (Agustinos Recoletos), former owners of the convent and of the adjacent properties. In this convent the painter Francisco de Zurbarán was buried.

Convento de los Agustinos Recoletos or that de Copacabana. Madrid

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_One_Life_to_Live_characters_(2000s)

List of One Life to Live characters (2000s)

Claudia Reston

List of One Life to Live characters (2000s) / Claudia Reston

English: Kerry Butler performing the song "Disneyland" at a benefit concert for Hurricane Katrina in New York, 10/23/05

A list of notable characters from the ABC soap opera One Life to Live that began their run between the beginning of 2000 and the end of 2009:

Claudia Reston is a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera One Life to Live. Kerry Butler portrayed the role on a contract status from January 18, 2006 until January 3, 2007. Claudia Reston is the ex-girlfriend and later friend to Nash Brennan. Nash's pregnant girlfriend Tess, the alternate personality of Jessica Buchanan, visits Claudia in a drug rehab, where Claudia has been since her break-up with Nash. Claudia, a rich heiress and a recovering alcoholic, explains that Nash made her believe he loved her, but was really scamming her for her father's money. Nash explains that his grifter days are behind him and that he sincerely regrets taking advantage of Claudia. Seemingly rehabilitated, Claudia soon appears in Llanview, taking a job as a singer at Antonio Vega's club "Capricorn." Soon her powerful father George arrives, blaming Nash for Claudia's troubles. After Mr. Reston threatens Nash and Tess' lives, Nash turns to Claudia for help. Claudia hopes to regain Nash's love by aiding him in a scheme against her father, but their plan ends in tragedy when George Reston ends up dead by Claudia's hand during a scuffle with Nash. Nash helps her cover up the accident. Claudia continues to try and woo Nash while befriending Antonio. When she falls off the wagon on New Year's Eve 2006, Nash and Antonio urge her to go to rehab. Claudia then heads back to New York City to detox and start a new life.

Like her character Claudia, Kerry Butler also sings.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dexter_Township,_Michigan

Dexter Township, Michigan

Dexter Township, Michigan

English: Dexter Township, MI

Location within Washtenaw County

Dexter Township is a civil township of Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 6,042 at the 2010 census. The nearby city of Dexter is not connected with the township and is located to the southeast.

Dexter Township is a civil township of Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 6,042 at the 2010 census. The nearby city of Dexter is not connected with the township and is located to the southeast.

Location within Washtenaw County

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incense_in_China

Incense in China

Chinese censers

Incense in China / Chinese censers

A Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty (25–220 AD) ceramic incense burner with pigment and animal designs.

Incense in China is traditionally used in a wide range of Chinese cultural activities including religious ceremonies, ancestor veneration, traditional medicine, and in daily life. Known as xiang, incense was used by the Chinese cultures starting from Neolithic times with it coming to greater prominence starting from the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties. One study shows that during the Han Dynasty there was increased trade and acquisitions of more fragrant foreign incense materials when local incense materials were considered "poor man's incense". It reached its height during the Song Dynasty with its nobility enjoying incense as a popular cultural pastime, to the extent of building rooms specifically for the use of incense ceremonies. Besides meaning "incense", the Chinese word xiang also means "fragrance; scent; aroma; perfume; spice". The sinologist and historian Edward H. Schafer said that in medieval China: there was little clear-cut distinction among drugs, spices, perfumes, and incenses – that is, among substances which nourish the body and those which nourish the spirit, those which attract a lover and those which attract a divinity.

The earliest vessels identified as censers date to the mid-fifth to late fourth centuries BCE during the Warring States period. The modern Chinese term for "censer," xianglu (香爐, "incense burner"), is a compound of xiang ("incense, aromatics") and lu (爐, "brazier; stove; furnace"). Another common term is xunlu (熏爐, "a brazier for fumigating and perfuming"). Early Chinese censer designs, often crafted as a round, single-footed stemmed basin, are believed to have derived from earlier ritual bronzes, such as the dou 豆 sacrificial chalice. Among the most celebrated early incense burner designs is the hill censer (boshanlu 博山爐), a form that became popular during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han (r. 141–87 BCE). Some scholars believe hill censers depict a sacred mountain, such as Mount Kunlun or Mount Penglai. These elaborate vessels were designed with apertures that made rising incense smoke appear like clouds or mist swirling around a mountain peak. Other popular designs include censers shaped to look like birds or animals, small "scenting globes" (xiangqiu 香球), and hand-held censers (shoulu 手爐). Very large censers, sometimes made to resemble ancient ritual bronze vessels, are often placed in the courtyards of Buddhist and Daoist temples.

An Eastern Han ceramic hill censer

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Williams

Audrey Williams

Audrey Williams

English: Hank and Audrey Williams publicity portrait for MGM Records.

Audrey and Hank Williams during the early 1950s

Audrey Mae Sheppard Williams was an American musician known for being the first wife of country music singer and songwriter Hank Williams, the mother of Hank Williams Jr. and the grandmother of Hank Williams III and Holly Williams.

Audrey Mae Sheppard Williams (February 28, 1923 – November 4, 1975) was an American musician known for being the first wife of country music singer and songwriter Hank Williams, the mother of Hank Williams Jr. and the grandmother of Hank Williams III and Holly Williams.

Audrey and Hank Williams during the early 1950s

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portages_in_North_America

Portages in North America

Portages in North America

Portages in North America usually began as animal tracks and were improved by tramping or blazing. In a few places iron-plated wooden rails were laid to take a handcart. Heavily used routes sometimes evolved into roads when sledges, rollers or oxen were used, as at Methye Portage. Sometimes railways were built. The basic purpose of most canals is to avoid portages. Places where portaging occurred often became temporary and then permanent settlements. The importance of free passage through portages found them included in laws and treaties. The Northwest Ordinance says "The navigable waters leading into the Mississippi and St. Lawrence, and the carrying places between the same, shall be common highways and forever free, as well to the inhabitants of the said territory as to the citizens of the United States..." The Treaty of Greenville between the U.S. and the Indian tribes of the area includes: "And the said Indian tribes will allow to the people of the United States a free passage by land and by water, as one and the other shall be found convenient, through their country, ..." Then four portages are mentioned specifically. Portages are also used in the treaty to set boundaries.

Portages in North America usually began as animal tracks and were improved by tramping or blazing. In a few places iron-plated wooden rails were laid to take a handcart. Heavily used routes sometimes evolved into roads when sledges, rollers or oxen were used, as at Methye Portage. Sometimes railways were built (Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad). The basic purpose of most canals is to avoid portages. Places where portaging occurred often became temporary and then permanent settlements (such as Hull, Quebec; Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario; New Orleans, Louisiana; and Chicago, Illinois). The importance of free passage through portages found them included in laws and treaties. The Northwest Ordinance says "The navigable waters leading into the Mississippi and St. Lawrence, and the carrying places between the same, shall be common highways and forever free, as well to the inhabitants of the said territory as to the citizens of the United States..." The Treaty of Greenville between the U.S. and the Indian tribes of the area includes: "And the said Indian tribes will allow to the people of the United States a free passage by land and by water, as one and the other shall be found convenient, through their country,..." Then four portages are mentioned specifically. Portages are also used in the treaty to set boundaries ("The general boundary line between the lands of the United States and the lands of the said Indian tribes, shall begin at the mouth of Cayahoga river, and run thence up the same to the portage..."). One historically important fur trade portage is now Grand Portage National Monument. Recreational canoeing routes often include portages between lakes, for example, the Seven Carries route in Adirondack Park. Algonquin Park, Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness and Sylvania Wilderness have famous portage routes. Numerous portages were upgraded to carriageways and railways due to their economic importance. The Niagara Portage had a gravity railway in the 1760s. The passage between the Chicago and Des Plaines Rivers (and so between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River systems) was through a short swamp portage which seasonally flooded and it is thought that a channel gradually developed unintentionally from the dragging of the boat bottoms. The 1835 Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad connected the cities of New York and Montreal without needing to go through the Atlantic. The passage between Lake Superior and Lake Huron was by a portage dragway of greased rails with capstans until a railway was built in 1850 and a canal in 1855. The 5-mile-long Nosbonsing and Nipissing Railway was built just to carry logs between lakes on their way to the sawmill. Allegheny Portage Railroad and Morris Canal both used canal inclined planes to pass loaded boats through portages.

The Portage by Winslow Homer, 1897

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_State_Route_32

New York State Route 32

The Catskills to Albany

New York State Route 32 / Route description / The Catskills to Albany

English: View west along northbound NY 32 as it approaches the Catskill Escarpment in Saugerties, NY, USA. Kaaterskill High Peak is in background

A two-lane highway descends into a valley containing a thick forest. Large ridges are visible to the near far left and in the background; in the distance is a peak rising above of the ridge.

New York State Route 32 is a north–south state highway that extends for 176.73 miles through the Hudson Valley and Capital District regions of the U.S. state of New York. It is a two-lane surface road for nearly its entire length, with few divided and no limited-access sections. From Harriman to Albany, it is closely parallel to Interstate 87 and U.S. Route 9W, overlapping with the latter in several places. NY 32 begins at NY 17 on the outskirts of the New York metropolitan area in Woodbury just outside Harriman, and ends at NY 196 east of Hudson Falls just south of the Adirondacks. In between, the road passes through the cities of Newburgh, Kingston, Albany, Cohoes, and Glens Falls. Outside of the cities, it offers views of the Hudson Highlands, Shawangunk Ridge, Catskill Mountains, and, during an overlap with US 4 north of Albany, the Hudson River. The roads now making up the highway were originally part of several privately maintained turnpikes, which fostered settlements along the corridor. Once part of the former NY 58, it has been NY 32 since 1930. Only one of three letter-suffixed spur routes remains.

After one block of Main Street, NY 32 and NY 212 turn onto Market Street, then east onto Ulster Avenue after another block. As it crosses the railroad tracks and leaves the village, the road widens and becomes a commercial highway just before reaching a Thruway exit. This, the fourth time NY 32 has crossed the Thruway, is the first time it does so at an exit. Beyond the overpass, the concurrency ends when NY 32 turns and heads north once again. A tight nearby on-ramp provides access to the southbound Thruway. NY 32 does not enter the Catskills but provides access to them along this stretch. At this point, the distance between NY 32 and the Thruway begins to widen. At the junction with Malden Turnpike (CR 34), NY 32 turns westward, toward the Catskill Escarpment, and starts climbing through some rock cuts. When Blue Mountain Road (CR 35) comes in from the south, NY 32 resumes heading north, parallel to the ridge. 1 mile (1.6 km) from that junction, its only suffixed route, NY 32A, splits off to the west to provide direct access via NY 23A and Kaaterskill Clove to Tannersville and Hunter. After crossing into Greene County, the road intersects NY 23A at an undeveloped junction. NY 32 remains in its straight course through the lowlands below the escarpment, passing through mostly woodlands and the hamlet of Kiskatom, then winding around the north side of Cairo Roundtop before it joins with NY 23 at Cairo. After 1.5 miles (2.4 km), NY 32 leaves the divided highway to once again strike north as a two-lane route. It trends west to its westernmost point until turning to the north-northeast just south of Freehold. North of Freehold the road begins to climb. Views south to the Catskills appear as it nears the center of Greenville, where it crosses NY 81. 1 mile (1.6 km) further on, NY 32 enters Albany County via Westerlo near the Basic Creek Reservoir. The climbing stops another mile after the county line, where NY 32 reaches its highest elevation, 1,060 feet (320 m), on the plateaus south of the Helderberg Escarpment. The road starts to curve back east as the surrounding landscape opens up, with larger fields surrounding it and a slow descent to the Hudson beginning. After sharing 2 miles (3.2 km) of road with NY 143, crossing the northern end of Alcove Reservoir and descending the southern end of the Helderberg Escarpment, the road veers eastward toward Albany. To get there, it crosses into New Scotland just after the hamlet of Feura Bush and crosses a long bridge over the northern end of the busy rail yard northwest of Selkirk, where freight trains bound for New York City wait before crossing the Hudson at the Alfred H. Smith Memorial Bridge. The landscape becomes more developed, though still rural, as the highway winds past a SABIC plant and other development accompanying the rail yard, entering the town of Bethlehem. At the southern corner of Delmar, NY 32 turns more to the east becomes a divided highway with grade intersections, the only non-concurrent segment of NY 32 to take this form. This segment continues, largely undeveloped, as it intersects NY 335 and crosses under the Thruway for the last time before reaching its final concurrency with US 9W. 0.5 miles (0.8 km) east of the Thruway, NY 32 again breaks from 9W and follows residential Corning Hill Road downhill to River Road, where it turns to the north again and crosses the Normans Kill into Albany, becoming South Pearl Street, and then paralleling I-787 for a short distance past the Port of Albany–Rensselaer before crossing underneath it.

Kaaterskill High Peak in the distance as NY 32 nears the Catskills

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shropshire_Hills

Shropshire Hills

Shropshire Hills

English: Near the Stiperstones Looking Northeast from the car park below the Stiperstones towards The Hollies and the hills beyond

The Shropshire Hills is an upland area and one of the natural regions of England. They lie wholly within the county of Shropshire and encompass several distinctive and well-known landmarks, such as the Long Mynd, Wenlock Edge, The Wrekin and the Clees. The Shropshire Hills lie south of the county capital of Shrewsbury between the Welsh border and Much Wenlock, extending as far south as Ludlow. To the north they are bounded by the Shropshire, Cheshire and Staffordshire Plain, to the east by the Severn Valley and Mid Severn Sandstone Plateau, to the southeast by Knighton and the Teme Valley and to the southwest by the Clun and North West Herefordshire Hills.

The Shropshire Hills is an upland area and one of the natural regions of England. They lie wholly within the county of Shropshire and encompass several distinctive and well-known landmarks, such as the Long Mynd, Wenlock Edge, The Wrekin and the Clees. The Shropshire Hills lie south of the county capital of Shrewsbury between the Welsh border and Much Wenlock, extending as far south as Ludlow. To the north they are bounded by the Shropshire, Cheshire and Staffordshire Plain, to the east by the Severn Valley and Mid Severn Sandstone Plateau, to the southeast by Knighton and the Teme Valley and to the southwest by the Clun and North West Herefordshire Hills.

View from below the Stiperstones looking NE towards the Hollies

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia

Richmond, Virginia

Other venues and companies

Richmond, Virginia / Arts and culture / Visual and performing arts / Other venues and companies

The former Loews Theater, now the Carpenter Theatre in Richmond, Virginia; on the National Register of Historic Places

Richmond is the capital city of the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Greater Richmond Region. Richmond was incorporated in 1742 and has been an independent city since 1871. As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 204,214; in 2019, the population was estimated to be 230,436, making Richmond the fourth-most populous city in Virginia. The Richmond Metropolitan Area has a population of 1,260,029, the third-most populous metro in the state. Richmond is at the fall line of the James River, 44 miles west of Williamsburg, 66 miles east of Charlottesville, 91 miles east of Lynchburg and 92 miles south of Washington, D.C. Surrounded by Henrico and Chesterfield counties, the city is at the intersections of Interstate 95 and Interstate 64 and encircled by Interstate 295, Virginia State Route 150 and Virginia State Route 288. Major suburbs include Midlothian to the southwest, Chesterfield to the south, Varina to the southeast, Sandston to the east, Glen Allen to the north and west, Short Pump to the west and Mechanicsville to the northeast.

Other venues and companies include: The Altria Theater, the city-owned opera house. The Leslie Cheek Theater, after lying dormant for eight years, re-opened in 2011 in the heart of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts at 200 N. Boulevard. The elegant 500-seat proscenium stage was constructed in 1955 to match then museum director Leslie Cheek's vision of a theater worthy of a fine arts institution. Operating for years as the Virginia Museum Theater (VMT), it supported an amateur community theater under the direction of Robert Telford. When Cheek retired, he advised trustees on the 1969 appointment of Keith Fowler as head of the theater arts division and artistic director of VMT. Fowler led the theater to become the city's first resident Actors Equity\LORT theater, adding major foreign authors and the premieres of new American works to the repertory. Under his leadership VMT reached a "golden age," gaining international recognition and more than doubling its subscription base. Successive artistic administrations changed the name of the theater to "TheatreVirginia". Deficits caused TheatreVirginia to close its doors in 2002. Now, renovated and renamed for its founder, the Leslie Cheek is restoring live performance to VMFA and, while no longer supporting a resident company, it is available for special theatrical and performance events. The National Theater is Richmond's premier music venue. It holds 1500 people and has shows regularly throughout the week. It opened winter of 2007 and was built in 1923. It features a state-of-the-art V-DOSC sound system, only the sixth installed in the country and only the third installed on the East Coast. Visual Arts Center of Richmond, a not-for-profit organization that is one of the largest nongovernmental arts learning centers in the state of Virginia, founded in 1963. Serves 28,000 individuals annually. Richmond CenterStage, a performing arts center that opened in Downtown Richmond in 2009 as part of an expansion of earlier facilities. The complex includes a renovation of the 1,700-seat Carpenter Theater and construction of a new multipurpose hall, community playhouse, and arts education center in the location of the old Thalhimers department store. The Byrd Theatre in Carytown, a movie palace from the 1920s that features second-run movies, as well as the French Film Festival. Virginia Commonwealth University School of the Arts, consistently ranked as one of the best in the nation. Dogwood Dell, an amphitheatre in Byrd Park, where the Richmond Department of Recreation and Parks presents an annual Festival of the Arts. School of the Performing Arts in the Richmond Community (School of the Performing Arts in the Richmond Community). SPARC was founded in 1981, and trained children to become "triple threats", meaning they were equally versed in singing, acting, and dancing. SPARC has become the largest community-based theater arts education program in Virginia and it offers classes to every age group, during the summer and throughout the year. Classic Amphitheatre at Strawberry Hill, the former summer concert venue located at Richmond International Raceway. Commercial art galleries include Metro Space Gallery and Gallery 5 in a newly designated arts district. Not-for-profit galleries include Visual Arts Center of Richmond, 1708 Galleryy and Artspace. In addition, in 2008, a new 47,000-square-foot (4,400 m²) Gay Community Center opened on the city's north side, which hosts meetings of many kinds, and includes a large art gallery space.

The Carpenter Theatre

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._M._Pei

I. M. Pei

Le Grand Louvre, Paris

I. M. Pei / Career / Le Grand Louvre, Paris

Français : Statues en pied, pierre, décor sculpté de la faccade de l'Aile Turgot (entre les Pavillons Turgot et Richelieu), Cour Napoléon du Palais du Louvre, Ier arrondissement Paris. Statues en pied, pierre, de gauche à droite: 1. Jean Esprit Marcellin (Français, 1821-1884): Grégoire de Tours 2. Louis Elias Robert: Rabelais 3. Jean Jules Allasseur (Français, 1818-1903): Malherbe 4. Pierre Jules Cavelier (Français, 1814-1894) : Abélard 5. Paul Gayrard (Français, 1807-1855): Colbert 6. Pierre Hébert, aîné (Français, 1804-1869): Mazarin 7. Eugène André Oudiné (Français, 1810-1887): Buffon 8. Philippe Lemaire (Français, 1798-1880): Froissart 9. Eugène (?) Farochon: Rousseau 10. Nanteuil: Montesquieu (cette dernière statue non visible sur cette photographie.

A classical building with ornamental design rises above a small crowd. Rounded archways line the front of the structure.

Ieoh Ming Pei, FAIA, RIBA was a Chinese-American architect. Born in Guangzhou but raised in Hong Kong and Shanghai, Pei drew inspiration at an early age from the garden villas at Suzhou, the traditional retreat of the scholar-gentry to which his family belonged. In 1935, he moved to the United States and enrolled in the University of Pennsylvania's architecture school, but he quickly transferred to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was unhappy with the focus at both schools on Beaux-Arts architecture, and spent his free time researching emerging architects, especially Le Corbusier. After graduating, he joined the Harvard Graduate School of Design and became a friend of the Bauhaus architects Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer. In 1948, Pei was recruited by New York City real estate magnate William Zeckendorf, for whom he worked for seven years before establishing an independent design firm in 1955, I. M. Pei & Associates. In 1966 that became I. M. Pei & Partners, and in 1989 became Pei Cobb Freed & Partners. Pei retired from full-time practice in 1990.

When François Mitterrand was elected President of France in 1981, he laid out an ambitious plan for a variety of construction projects. One of these was the renovation of the Louvre Museum. Mitterrand appointed a civil servant named Émile Biasini Émile Biasini to oversee it. After visiting museums in Europe and the United States, including the U.S. National Gallery, he asked Pei to join the team. The architect made three secretive trips to Paris, to determine the feasibility of the project; only one museum employee knew why he was there. Pei finally agreed that a reconstruction project was not only possible, but necessary for the future of the museum. He thus became the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre. The heart of the new design included not only a renovation of the Cour Napoléon in the midst of the buildings, but also a transformation of the interiors. Pei proposed a central entrance, not unlike the lobby of the National Gallery East Building, which would link the three major buildings. Below would be a complex of additional floors for research, storage, and maintenance purposes. At the center of the courtyard he designed a glass and steel pyramid, first proposed with the Kennedy Library, to serve as entrance and anteroom skylight. It was mirrored by another inverted pyramid underneath, to reflect sunlight into the room. These designs were partly an homage to the fastidious geometry of the famous French landscape architect André Le Nôtre (1613–1700). Pei also found the pyramid shape best suited for stable transparency, and considered it "most compatible with the architecture of the Louvre, especially with the faceted planes of its roofs". Biasini and Mitterrand liked the plans, but the scope of the renovation displeased Louvre director André Chabaud. He resigned from his post, complaining that the project was "unfeasible" and posed "architectural risks". The public also reacted harshly to the design, mostly because of the proposed pyramid. One critic called it a "gigantic, ruinous gadget"; another charged Mitterrand with "despotism" for inflicting Paris with the "atrocity". Pei estimated that 90 percent of Parisians opposed his design. "I received many angry glances in the streets of Paris," he said. Some condemnations carried nationalistic overtones. One opponent wrote: "I am surprised that one would go looking for a Chinese architect in America to deal with the historic heart of the capital of France." Soon, however, Pei and his team won the support of several key cultural icons, including the conductor Pierre Boulez and Claude Pompidou, widow of former French President Georges Pompidou, after whom another controversial museum was named. In an attempt to soothe public ire, Pei took a suggestion from then-mayor of Paris Jacques Chirac and placed a full-sized cable model of the pyramid in the courtyard. During the four days of its exhibition, an estimated 60,000 people visited the site. Some critics eased their opposition after witnessing the proposed scale of the pyramid. To minimize the impact of the structure, Pei demanded a method of glass production that resulted in clear panes. The pyramid was constructed at the same time as the subterranean levels below, which caused difficulties during the building stages. As they worked, construction teams came upon an abandoned set of rooms containing 25,000 historical items; these were incorporated into the rest of the structure to add a new exhibition zone. The new Louvre courtyard was opened to the public on 14 October 1988, and the Pyramid entrance was opened the following March. By this time, public opinion had softened on the new installation; a poll found a 56 percent approval rating for the pyramid, with 23 percent still opposed. The newspaper Le Figaro had vehemently criticized Pei's design, but later celebrated the tenth anniversary of its magazine supplement at the pyramid. Prince Charles of Britain surveyed the new site with curiosity, and declared it "marvelous, very exciting". A writer in Le Quotidien de Paris wrote: "The much-feared pyramid has be

Pei was acutely aware, as he said, that "the history of Paris was embedded in the stones of the Louvre."[114]

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosel_(wine_region)

Mosel (wine region)

Wine region

Mosel (wine region) / Wine region

Deutsch: Saarweinlage Ayler Kupp, im Hintergrund Schodener Herrenberg

Mosel is one of 13 German wine regions for quality wines, and takes its name from the Mosel River. Before 1 August 2007 the region was called Mosel-Saar-Ruwer, but changed to a name that was considered more consumer-friendly. The wine region is Germany's third largest in terms of production but some consider it the leading region in terms of international prestige. The region covers the valleys of the rivers Mosel, Saar, and Ruwer from near the mouth of the Mosel at Koblenz and upstream to the vicinity of Trier in the federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The area is known for the steep slopes of the region's vineyards overlooking the river. At 65° degrees incline, the steepest recorded vineyard in the world is the Calmont vineyard located on the Mosel and belonging to the village of Bremm, and therefore referred to as Bremmer Calmont. The Mosel is mainly famous for its wines made from the Riesling grape, but Elbling and Müller-Thurgau also contribute to the production, among others.

Within the Mosel region, there are the following six districts (Bereiche) and 19 collective vineyard designations (Großlagen), plus 524 single vineyard (Einzellagen) designations. Four of the six districts are situated on the river Mosel, and one each on rivers Saar and Ruwer. District Burg Cochem / more commonly known as Untermosel or Terrassenmosel The Cochem district is home to some of the steepest vineyards in the Mosel planted on soil composed of blue devonian slate, red slate and quartzite. Many of the vineyards of the lower Mosel are terraced, which has led many producers to adopt the name Terrassenmosel, which sounds nicer than Untermosel in German. This district produces a higher proportion of dry wines than the rest of the region. A well known vineyard from this area is the Juffermauer located near Treis-Karden, whose name means "Virgin-Wall" in the local Franconian dialect/language. District Bernkastel / more commonly known as Mittelmosel This is the central district of the region. One of the most notable vineyards in this area is known as Doctorberg, and its wines as Bernkasteler Doctor. An apocryphal story of how the vineyard got its name originated in the late Middle Ages when a local archbishop was miraculously cured of a terminal illness by drinking wine made from the grapes of this vineyard. Other notable vineyards of the Mittelmosel include the sundial (German Sonnenuhr) vineyards; Brauneberg Juffer-Sonnenuhr, Wehlener Sonnenuhr, Zeltinger Sonnenuhr. In the 19th century, large sundials were built in these vineyards so that the workers would know what time to break for lunch or the end of the work day. Since these vineyards receive the most exposure to the sun, many of the wines produced from these vineyards are richer and more full-bodied than wine produced from other vineyards. In a similar way to many of Burgundy's Grand Cru vineyards, the Sonnenuhr vineyards are highly parceled with multiple owners of individual plots or rows of vines. The Wehlener Sonnenuhr vineyard alone has more than 200 owners. District Ruwertal / more commonly known as Ruwer (its formal name is due to the fact that Ruwer also is a suburb of Trier. The Ruwer is an estuary that flows into the Mosel; "Tal" is German for valley.) Located to the southeast of Trier, this region includes the vineyards around Waldrach and Kasel. The region is home to many monopole vineyards. At Mertesdorf, there is a subterranean Roman aqueduct that connects the Grünhaus vineyard with the city of Trier. The quality of Ruwer wine is particularly dependent on the quality of the vintage with cool vintages marked by sharply acidic wines that quickly fade and warmer vintage producing some of the most delicate and perfumed expressions of German wines. District Saar Like the Ruwer region, wine from the Saar district (along the lower course of the Saar River, in Rhineland-Palatinate) is particularly dependent on the overall quality of the vintage typically only 4 years out of every 10 producing a worthwhile set of wines. The wines that do come out of these warm vintages are noted for their apple-like freshness and steely mineral notes. The most ideal vintages allow harvest to take place between late October and mid November when the grapes can develop enough sugar to produce floral and honeyed notes. District Obermosel This wine district is composed of a thin strip of land along the Luxembourg border. The region starts just north of Igel and continues south to the village of Palzem where it meets the Moseltor district. Elbling, Müller-Thurgau, and Auxerrois Blanc are some of the region largest plantings. Obermosel and Moseltor contain very few notable vineyards compared to the other districts of the region. District Moseltor The Moseltor area is the most southern area of the Mosel region, and is located together with the Obermosel along the Luxembourg border. The Elbling grape is the most commonly planted here producing a thin, rustic wine with high acidity. Sparkling wine production is growing in this area. The reason why tiny Moseltor with its around 110 hect

The famous Ayler Kupp, Saar river

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangkunegaran

Mangkunegaran

Mangkunegaran

see title

Mangkunegaran is a small Javanese princely state located within the region of Surakarta in Indonesia. It was established in 1757 by Raden Mas Said, when he submitted his army to Pakubuwono III in February, and swore allegiance to the rulers of Surakarta, Yogyakarta, and the Dutch East Indies Company, and was given an appanage of 4000 households. The Palace of the rulers of Mangkunegaran was established by Raden Mas Said who signed a treaty with the Dutch East India Company in 1757. By virtue of the treaty, he became the rule of a part of Eastern Mataram and was henceforth known as Mangkunegara I. Known as Pura Mangkunegaran, the palace is located in the center of the city of Solo.

Mangkunegaran is a small Javanese princely state located within the region of Surakarta in Indonesia. It was established in 1757 by Raden Mas Said, when he submitted his army to Pakubuwono III in February, and swore allegiance to the rulers of Surakarta, Yogyakarta, and the Dutch East Indies Company, and was given an appanage of 4000 households. The Palace of the rulers of Mangkunegaran was established by Raden Mas Said who signed a treaty with the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in 1757. By virtue of the treaty, he became the rule of a part of Eastern Mataram and was henceforth known as Mangkunegara I. Known as Pura Mangkunegaran, the palace is located in the center of the city of Solo.

Pura Mangkunegaran

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Pura_Mangkunagaran01%282_Maret_2007%29.jpg

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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gers

Gers

Gers

Français : Auch - Prefecture du Gers, ancien Palais archiépiscopal

Prefecture building of the Gers department

Gers is a department in the Occitanie region in the southwest of France named after the Gers river.

Gers (Gascon: Gers) is a department in the Occitanie region in the southwest of France named after the Gers river.

Prefecture building of the Gers department, in Auch

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Wizards

Washington Wizards

1967–1981: The Wes Unseld era

Washington Wizards / Franchise history / 1967–1981: The Wes Unseld era

English: Professional basketball player Wes Unseld

The Washington Wizards are an American professional basketball team based in Washington, D.C. The Wizards compete in the National Basketball Association as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Southeast Division. The team plays its home games at the Capital One Arena, in the Chinatown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The franchise was established in 1961 as the Chicago Packers based in Chicago, Illinois, and were renamed to Chicago Zephyrs the following season. In 1963, they relocated to Baltimore, Maryland, and became the Baltimore Bullets, taking the name from a previous team of the same name. In 1973, the team changed its name to the Capital Bullets to reflect their move to the Washington metropolitan area, and then to Washington Bullets in the following season. In 1997, they rebranded themselves as the Wizards. The Wizards have appeared in four NBA Finals, and won in 1978. They have had a total of 28 playoff appearances, won four conference titles, and seven division titles. Their best season came in 1975 with a record of 60–22. Wes Unseld is the only player in franchise history to become the MVP, and win the Finals MVP award.

In the late 1960s, the Bullets drafted two future Hall of Fame members: Earl Monroe, in the 1967 draft, number two overall, and Wes Unseld, in the following year’s draft, also number two overall. The team improved dramatically, from 36 wins the previous season to 57 in the 1968–69 season, and Unseld received both the rookie of the year and MVP awards. The Bullets reached the playoffs with high expectations to go far, but they were eliminated by the New York Knicks in the first round. The next season the two teams met again in the first round, and although this one went to seven games, the Knicks emerged victorious again. In the 1970–71 season, the 42–40 Bullets again met the Knicks, this time though in the Eastern Conference finals. With the Knicks team captain Willis Reed injured in the finals, the injury-free Bullets took advantage of his absence, and in game seven, at New York's Madison Square Garden, the Bullets' Gus Johnson made a critical basket late in the game to lift the Bullets over the Knicks 93–91 and advance to their first NBA Finals. They were swept in four games by the powerful Milwaukee Bucks led by future Hall of Fame members Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (known in 1971 as Lew Alcindor) and Oscar Robertson. Even after the trades of Earl Monroe (to the Knicks) and Gus Johnson (to the Suns), the Bullets remained a playoff contender throughout the 1970s. Following a less than spectacular 1971–72 season, Baltimore acquired Elvin Hayes from the Houston Rockets and drafted Kevin Porter in the third round, out of St. Francis in Pennsylvania. After a slow start in 1972–73, Baltimore made their charge in December, posting a 10–4 record on the way to capturing the Central Division title for the third straight year. The Bullets again faced the Knicks in the 1973 NBA Playoffs, losing for the fourth time in five series against New York. In February 1973, the team announced its pending move 30 miles (50 km) southwest to the Capital Centre in Landover, a Washington, D.C. suburb, and became the Capital Bullets. After that 1973–74 season, they changed their geographic identifier name to the Washington Bullets. During November 1973, while waiting for the completion of their new arena in Landover, the Bullets played their home games at Cole Field House on the campus of the University of Maryland in College Park. The Capital Centre (later known as the USAir/US Airways Arena) opened on December 2, 1973, with the Bullets defeating the SuperSonics. Through the mid-1990s, the Bullets still played a few games per season in Baltimore. The 60–22 Bullets made it back to the 1975 NBA Playoffs. That year, Washington posted a 36–5 home record at the Capital Centre. In the first round of the playoffs, they survived a seven-game series against the Buffalo Braves as both teams won all of their games at home. In the Eastern Conference finals, they beat the defending NBA champion Boston Celtics in six games to advance to the NBA Finals. The Bullets were favorites to win the NBA Championship, but were swept by the Al Attles-led Golden State Warriors in four games, losing games one and four at the Capital Centre. The loss at the NBA Finals lingered into the 1975–76 season, as they won 12 fewer games than last year, and in the playoffs they were eliminated by the Cleveland Cavaliers in seven games. After the season, the Bullets fired head coach K.C. Jones, despite having a career 62 percent winning percentage as the Bullets head coach. In 1976–77, under new head coach Dick Motta, the Bullets again fell short of the Central Division title for the second straight year. Elvin Hayes finished sixth in the league in rebounds with 12.5 rebounds per game. After opening the 1977 NBA Playoffs with a three-game series victory over the Cleveland Cavaliers, the Bullets took a 2–1 series lead in the second round against the Houston Rockets. With a chance to take a 3–1 series lead at home, the Bullets lost 107–103, and the Rockets took the series in six games.

Wes Unseld, who won the NBA Rookie of the Year, NBA Regular Season MVP, and NBA Finals MVP awards, played all 13 seasons of his career with the Bullets.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown-Indigenous_Relations_and_Northern_Development_Canada

Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Development Canada

Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Development Canada

English: The headquarters of Canadian Heritage, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, Canadian Transportation Agency, and Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission are located at Terrasses de la Chaudière Français : Terrasses de la Chaudière a les sièges du Patrimoine canadien, Ministère des Affaires indiennes et du Nord Canada, Office des transports du Canada, et Conseil de la radiodiffusion et des télécommunications canadiennes

Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada is the department of the Government of Canada responsible for Canada's northern lands and territories, and one of two departments with responsibility for policies relating to Indigenous peoples in Canada. The department is overseen by two cabinet ministers, the Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations and the Minister of Northern Affairs. Its headquarters were in Terrasses de la Chaudière, in downtown Gatineau, Quebec.

Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada (CIRNAC; French: Relations Couronne-Autochtones et des Affaires du Nord Canada (RCAANC)) is the department of the Government of Canada responsible for Canada's northern lands and territories, and one of two departments with responsibility for policies relating to Indigenous peoples in Canada (the other being Indigenous Services Canada). The department is overseen by two cabinet ministers, the Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations (whose portfolio includes treaty rights and land negotiations) and the Minister of Northern Affairs. Its headquarters were in Terrasses de la Chaudière, in downtown Gatineau, Quebec.

Terrasses de la Chaudière houses the departmental headquarters in Gatineau, Quebec.

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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weathering

Weathering

Weathering

English: Comparison of unweathered (left) and weathered Ordovician limestone at a roadcut on the State College Bypass, U.S. Route 322.

Weathering is the breaking down of Rock rocks, soil and their minerals through direct contact with the Earth's atmosphere, waters, or living things. Weathering occurs in one place with little or no movement, and should not be confused with erosion which is when rocks and minerals are moved to another place by ice, water, wind or gravity.

Weathering is the breaking down of Rock (geology) rocks, soil and their minerals through direct contact with the Earth's atmosphere, waters, or living things. Weathering occurs in one place with little or no movement, and should not be confused with erosion which is when rocks and minerals are moved to another place by ice, water, wind or gravity.

comparison of unweathered (left) and weathered (right) limestone

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerace

Gerace

History

Gerace / History

English: see en:user:Attilios talk for images from www.comune.gerace.rc.it

Gerace is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria, Calabria, southern Italy. Gerace is located some 10 kilometres inland from Locri, yet the latter town and the sea can be seen from Gerace's perch atop a 500-metre vertical rock. The town stands on a hill formed of conglomerates of sea fossils from 60 million years ago. It is inscribed into I Borghi più belli d'Italia list.

The name of the city derives from the Greek hierax (ἱέραξ) ("sparrowhawk"). According to a legend, the inhabitants of the coast, fleeing from a Saracen attack in 915 CE, were led by a sparrowhawk to the mountains commanding the area of Locri, and here they founded the city. Archeological findings showed that the area was in fact inhabited since the Neolithic Age; also traces of Sicel presence have been found. Later, even during the highest splendour of Locri, the hill was inhabited and was later the site of a Roman military garrison. After the Byzantine reconquest of Italy in the 6th century, the town became an administrative, military and religious capital under the name of Santa Ciriaca. In 986 the Saracens briefly conquered the city, but it returned to Byzantine control until the Norman conquest in 1059. Gerace was seat of a principality under the Normans, whose symbol was the Castle of the Hautville or Altavilla. It subsequently followed the history of the Kingdom of Naples. During the Sicilian Vespers (late 13th century), Gerace was occupied by the Aragonese Admiral Roger of Lauria who turned it into his own feudal estate; later it became a "Royal City". In 1348 it became a county, a possession of the Caracciolos, Gonzalo de Córdoba and, as a principality, of the Grimaldi (end of the 16th century). With the abolition of feudalism in 1806, Gerace became district capital. A new modern town, Gerace Marina, was built on the coast in the 19th century to house new public buildings. The name was changed to Locri in 1934.

The ruins of the castle.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Gerace_Castle.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague,_Chaudi%C3%A8re-Appalaches,_Quebec

Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague, Chaudière-Appalaches, Quebec

Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague, Chaudière-Appalaches, Quebec

English: Location of Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague, Quebec within Les Etchemins Regional County Municipality.

Location within Les Etchemins RCM.

Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague is a municipality in the Les Etchemins Regional County Municipality in the Chaudière-Appalaches region of Quebec, Canada. Its population is 421 as of the Canada 2011 Census. It lies on the Canada–United States border.

Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague is a municipality in the Les Etchemins Regional County Municipality in the Chaudière-Appalaches region of Quebec, Canada. Its population is 421 as of the Canada 2011 Census. It lies on the Canada–United States border.

Location within Les Etchemins RCM.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germagny

Germagny

Germagny

Français : Clocher de l'église de Germagny (Saône et Loire) English: Church Tower Germagny (Saône et Loire)

The Romanesque Church

Germagny is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne in eastern France.

Germagny is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne in eastern France.

The Romanesque Church

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton_Building

Hamilton Building

Hamilton Building

English: The en:Hamilton Building in en:Portland, Oregon.

The Hamilton Building is a historic office building in downtown Portland, Oregon. It went through a renovation in 1977, and was listed on National Register of Historic Places in March of that year. It is the neighbor of the Dekum Building, a fellow NRHP listing on Third Avenue. The building, completed in 1893, is an anomaly among its contemporaries. While many buildings built during the late 19th century were often ornate, the Hamilton building has little decoration. It is said that architects Whidden & Lewis designed a ground-breaking building, built decades ahead of later trends in commercial architecture. Decoration comes in the form of granite-clad cast iron entry columns and cable mouldings, set against a Japanese-brick facade. The Hamilton Building is 6 stories tall, and is named after Hamilton Corbett, son of Henry W. Corbett. It is also the first building in Portland designed in the Classical Revival style.

The Hamilton Building is a historic office building in downtown Portland, Oregon. It went through a renovation in 1977, and was listed on National Register of Historic Places in March of that year. It is the neighbor of the Dekum Building, a fellow NRHP listing on Third Avenue. The building, completed in 1893, is an anomaly among its contemporaries. While many buildings built during the late 19th century were often ornate, the Hamilton building has little decoration. It is said that architects Whidden & Lewis designed a ground-breaking building, built decades ahead of later (and similar) trends in commercial architecture. Decoration comes in the form of granite-clad cast iron entry columns and cable mouldings, set against a Japanese-brick facade. The Hamilton Building is 6 stories tall, and is named after Hamilton Corbett, son of Henry W. Corbett. It is also the first building in Portland designed in the Classical Revival style.

The Hamilton Building (center).

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greensboro_Science_Center

Greensboro Science Center

Attractions

Greensboro Science Center / Attractions

English: Rhinoceros Iguana taken at the Natural Science Center of Greensboro

The Greensboro Science Center is a science museum and zoological park established in 1957 and located in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States. It has been accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums since 2008, and is a member of the American Alliance of Museums.

The Animal Discovery Zoological Park is home to animals including red pandas, tigers, white-nosed coati, meerkats, black howler monkeys, and Nile crocodiles, and is designed to showcase the "Science of Survival." Attractions within the zoo include the Friendly Farm, Kavanagh Discovery House and Davis Kelly Fountain of Youth and Discovery. The Museum includes Prehistoric Passages: Realm of Dragons, SciPlay Bay, Time Warner Cable's Extreme Weather Gallery, and touch labs that include live snakes, lizards, and invertebrates. The OmniSphere Theater is a full dome theater where visitors experience everything from the stars to coral reefs in 2D and 3D. The Wiseman Aquarium is an aquarium that features animals including stingrays, African penguins, otters, fishing cats, sharks, mata matas, and moon jellies.

Rhinoceros iguana at the Greensboro Science Center

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Bradford_(printer,_born_1663)

William Bradford (printer, born 1663)

William Bradford (printer, born 1663)

English: William Bradford grave at Trinity Church, Manhattan.

William Bradford was an early English printer in North America. He is best known as "the pioneer printer of the Middle colonies" and the head of a family that included publishers for 140 years. He was also known for controversies regarding freedom of the press.

William Bradford (May 20, 1660 – May 23, 1752) was an early English printer in North America. He is best known as "the pioneer printer of the Middle colonies" and the head of a family that included publishers for 140 years. He was also known for controversies regarding freedom of the press.

Grave of William Bradford in Trinity Church New York City

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Wilson_(footballer,_born_1941)

Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1941)

Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1941)

English: Bob Wilson in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, in February 2009.

Robert Primrose Wilson, OBE is a former Scotland international football goalkeeper and later broadcaster. As a player, Wilson is most noted for his 11-year playing career at Arsenal where he made over 300 appearances. Wilson as well featured as a youth and senior international for Scotland. After retiring as a player, he turned to coaching and broadcasting, presenting football programmes on television for 28 years until 2002. Wilson has also gone on to create a charity organization known as the Willow Foundation.

Robert Primrose Wilson, OBE (born 30 October 1941) is a former Scotland international football goalkeeper and later broadcaster. As a player, Wilson is most noted for his 11-year playing career at Arsenal where he made over 300 appearances. Wilson as well featured as a youth and senior international for Scotland. After retiring as a player, he turned to coaching and broadcasting, presenting football programmes on television for 28 years until 2002. Wilson has also gone on to create a charity organization known as the Willow Foundation.

Bob Wilson in Hatfield, Herts. Feb 2009

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Bob_Wilson_in_2009_%28cropped%29.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_F._Gordon_Jr.

Richard F. Gordon Jr.

Project Gemini

Richard F. Gordon Jr. / Biography / NASA career / Project Gemini

English: Photograph of Lieutenant Commander Richard Gordon preparing to open hatch and for used equipment jettison; taken during the Gemini XI mission during orbit no. 16 on September 13,1966. GET time was 25:45 / GMT time was 16:27. Original magazine number was GEM11-8-54653. Film type was Kodak Ektachrome MS (S.O. -368). A black and white Master of this image exists. Its photo number is S66-54590.

Richard Francis Gordon Jr. was an American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, and NASA astronaut, and an American football executive. He was one of 24 people to have flown to the Moon, as the command module pilot of the 1969 Apollo 12 mission which orbited the Moon 45 times. Prior to his lunar flight Gordon had flown in space as the pilot of the 1966 Gemini 11 mission.

Gordon served as backup Pilot for the Gemini 8 flight. In September 1966, he made his first space flight, as Pilot of Gemini 11, alongside Pete Conrad. At the time, the flight set an altitude record of 1,369 kilometres (851 mi), which still stands as the highest-apogee Earth orbit. Gordon was already good friends with Conrad, who had once been his roommate on the aircraft carrier USS Ranger. On the flight, Gordon performed two spacewalks, which included attaching a tether to the Agena and retrieving a nuclear emulsion experiment package.

Gordon during his Gemini 11 flight

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesdun

Vesdun

Vesdun

Mairie de Vesdun

Town hall

Vesdun is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.

Vesdun is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.

Town hall

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Vesdunmaire.JPG

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_and_structure_of_the_English_Defence_League

Organisation and structure of the English Defence League

Leadership and branches

Organisation and structure of the English Defence League / Leadership and branches

English: Tommy Robinson at PEGIDA in Utrecht, Netherlands on 11 October 2015

Academics characterise the EDL as a social movement, and more specifically as a new social movement, and a social movement organisation. In its organisational structure, the EDL has been characterised by academic observers as a direct action or street-based protest movement. It is a pressure group rather than a political party. During fieldwork with the group, Joel Busher found that many EDL members stressed the idea that the group was not a political organisation, instead presenting it as a single-issue protest group or street movement. Busher noted that these individuals were aware of the tactical advantages of doing so, believing that in presenting itself in this manner it could avoid associations both with older far-right groups like the NF and BNP and with accusations of racism. Like several other counter-jihad groups operating in Western countries, the EDL describes itself as a human rights organisation, although this characterisation is not widely accepted among the British public.

Until October 2013, the EDL was based in Luton. The EDL's structure was informal and lacking in any strict hierarchy, while it also lacked any clear leadership. In its early years, the EDL was controlled by a leadership group referred to as the "team" and which were generally secretive about their operations; they often remained anonymous or used pseudonyms. As of June 2010, this group consisted of six men, including Robinson. In the summer of 2010, the EDL went through a formal restructuring to deal with Robinson's absence. The 2010 reforms included the introduction of a code of conduct which commanded members to respect and obey the leadership, to act in a unified manner, and to be aware that any comments that they made to the press would be taken as formal EDL statements. Till October 2013, the EDL was led by Robinson and Carroll as co-leaders, supported by the regional organisers of the 19 regional divisions. EDL members were expected to take an oath of allegiance to the organisation's leadership. After that duo left the group, it was reorganised around a committee leadership which was headed by a rotating chair. The EDL lacked a central regulatory structure through which to impose a uniform approach to strategy or maintain ideological purity throughout. It operated through a loose network of local divisions, each of which had a good deal of autonomy. Winlow, Hall, and Treadwell found that most members liked the group's "messy structure and imprecise goals" and did not want to be part of a highly structured organisation under firm leadership. The EDL divided into at least ninety different divisions, some of which are based on locality and others on specialist groups. These have included a women's division, Jewish division, Sikh division, Hindu division, and LGBT division. For a brief period it also had a disabled division, as well as a green division, and a soldiers' division. These groups are designed to raise the profile of a particular social group within the EDL itself and helping the organisation to draw in recruits from sectors of society that would normally avoid membership in a far-right grouping, such as ethnic minorities and LGBT people. In its early years it also formed a youth division, the English Defence Youth, which was led by Joel Titus; after Titus received a criminally-related anti-social behaviour order (CRASBO), preventing his further involvement in the EDL, the youth division became largely inactive. The local groups were organised into a series of nine areas: North West, North East, East Midlands, West Midlands, East Anglia, South West, South East, South East Central, and Greater London. From the summer of 2010 onward, each of these had its own regional organiser. The EDL was heavily reliant on these grassroots networks and the initiative of local and regional leaders. Some of the local divisions covered whole cities or counties while in other cases there could be more than one division representing a single postcode, in part due to personal disputes. Branches typically held their meeting in pubs with sympathetic owners, which are referred to as "HQs". Pilkington observed that these meetings always features alcohol consumption. Such divisional meetings were infrequent and often poorly attended. They were typically unstructured, lacking any formal agenda or the taking of minutes, and were mainly an opportunity for divisional organisers to inform members of their decisions. Sometimes guest speakers were also invited to address the audience. As well as these divisional meetings, the EDL divisions also held "meet and greet" events to attract new membership. There was no system of official membership recognised through membership cards, and no membership fees. The EDL accepted donations and local divisions sought to raise funds by selling merchandise and holding fundraising events such as barbeques.

Robinson was the EDL's co-leader during its period of major growth and national attention

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadukhipa

Tadukhipa

Tadukhipa

English: One of the "Amarna Letters", in this case a cuneiform tablet from Tushratta, King of the Mitanni, to the pharaoh Amenhotep III-(Akhenaten's father), circa 1350 BC, and found in El-Amarna-(1 of 13 letters authored by Tushratta). This letter contains a negotiation of marriage between the pharaoh and Tushratta's duaghter en:Tadukhipa. (Tushratta letter en:Amarna letter EA 19, obverse) - WAA 29791.

Tadukhipa, in the Hurrian language Tadu-Hepa, was the daughter of Tushratta, king of Mitanni and his queen Juni, and niece of Artashumara. Tadukhipa's aunt Gilukhipa had married Pharaoh Amenhotep III in his 10th regnal year. Tadukhipa was to marry Amenhotep III more than two decades later.

Tadukhipa, in the Hurrian language Tadu-Hepa, was the daughter of Tushratta, king of Mitanni (reigned ca. 1382 BC–1342 BC) and his queen Juni, and niece of Artashumara. Tadukhipa's aunt Gilukhipa (sister of Tushratta) had married Pharaoh Amenhotep III in his 10th regnal year. Tadukhipa was to marry Amenhotep III more than two decades later.

One of the "Amarna Letters" EA 19 negotiating a marriage between Amenhotep III and Tushratta's daughter Tadukhipa

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_memorial

War memorial

War memorial

English: Main building and museum of the War Memorial of Korea

A war memorial is a building, monument, statue or other edifice to celebrate a war or victory, or to commemorate those who died or were injured in a war.

A war memorial is a building, monument, statue or other edifice to celebrate a war or victory, or (predominating in modern times) to commemorate those who died or were injured in a war.

Main building and museum of the War Memorial of Korea

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ynnakh_Mountain

Ynnakh Mountain

Ynnakh Mountain

Русский: Мать-Гора, Верхоянский район This image is related to the protected area of Russia number 1420068 This template and pages using it are maintained by the Russian WLE team. Please read the guidelines before making any changes that can affect the database!

Ynnakh Mountain, also known as Arga Ynnakh Khaya, Gora Ulakhan Ynnakh and as Mother Mountain, is a mountain in Verkhoyansky District, Yakutia, Russian Federation. The mountain has been classified as a natural monument of Russia with number 1420068. It is an important mountain in Yakut culture, where the word "Ynnakh" comes from Yakut: Ыыннаах, meaning scary, creepy.

Ynnakh Mountain, also known as Arga Ynnakh Khaya (Russian: Арга Ыннах Хая), Gora Ulakhan Ynnakh (Russian: Гора Улахан Ыннах) and as Mother Mountain (Russian: Мать-Гора), is a mountain in Verkhoyansky District, Yakutia, Russian Federation. The mountain has been classified as a natural monument of Russia with number 1420068. It is an important mountain in Yakut culture, where the word "Ynnakh" comes from Yakut: Ыыннаах, meaning scary, creepy.

View of the mountain

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whiting_Farms,_Holyoke,_Massachusetts

Whiting Farms, Holyoke, Massachusetts

Whiting Farms, Holyoke, Massachusetts

English: Rowhouses in the Whiting Farms neighborhood of Holyoke, Massachusetts.

Rowhouse apartments typical of Whiting Farms

Whiting Farms is a neighborhood in Holyoke, Massachusetts, located to the southwest of the city center, approximately 2 miles from downtown. Developed in the 1960s and 1970s, its name derives from its original use as site of the farm of William Whiting, where the former mayor and papermaker bred a prizewinning herd of Jersey cattle in the late 19th and early 20th century, many of which were sold for breeding to all parts of the country. A disastrous fire caused by arson in 1919 would kill off the entire herd of 75 head, and following this the farm, then-owned by William F. Whiting, became largely defunct. At the end of the Second World War it was proposed that the property be redeveloped into an airpark, however these plans would never come to fruition. Shortly after another case of arson in 1967 which destroyed a remaining barn, the property began to see the medium-density residential development that characterizes it today, with the First Whiting Farms Cooperative Housing breaking ground later that year.

Whiting Farms is a neighborhood in Holyoke, Massachusetts, located to the southwest of the city center, approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) from downtown. Developed in the 1960s and 1970s, its name derives from its original use as site of the farm of William Whiting, where the former mayor and papermaker bred a prizewinning herd of Jersey cattle in the late 19th and early 20th century, many of which were sold for breeding to all parts of the country. A disastrous fire caused by arson in 1919 would kill off the entire herd of 75 head, and following this the farm, then-owned by William F. Whiting, became largely defunct. At the end of the Second World War it was proposed that the property be redeveloped into an airpark, however these plans would never come to fruition. Shortly after another case of arson in 1967 which destroyed a remaining barn, the property began to see the medium-density residential development that characterizes it today, with the First Whiting Farms Cooperative Housing breaking ground later that year. Initially criticized as the "Road to Nowhere" during Samuel Resnic's administration in the early 1960s, Whiting Farms Road today serves as a major artery for retail businesses and traffic to I-91 in the area.

Rowhouse apartments typical of Whiting Farms

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennan_Motor_Manufacturing_Company

Brennan Motor Manufacturing Company

Automobile production

Brennan Motor Manufacturing Company / History / Automobile production

English: Brennan Motor Company - 1904

Brennan Motor Manufacturing Company of Syracuse, New York, was an early manufacturer of automobile engines. From 1902 until 1908, the company produced the Brennan automobile however, after the demise of the automobile enterprise, the company again turned their focus to automobile engines and later marine engines. They were in business for 75 years when the company closed its doors in 1972.

For a brief period from 1902 until 1908, the company produced the Brennan automobile. The firm would take up auto manufacturing rarely, when demand would be slow. The auto had power unit mid-mounted under the floor and central chain transmission; however, Brennan instead placed the drive to make it go through a sliding gearbox, rather than the then common epicyclic system. Each auto was fitted with a horizontally-opposed two-cylinder engine. The rest of the vehicle had a more conventional design with full-elliptic springs, right-hand drive and channel or angle iron section chassis. The 1902 "touring car" came complete with a 15-horsepower motor and a double opposed cylinder, horizontal motor and weighed 1,950 pounds. Ignition was by jump spark supplied by dry batteries. Two sets of batteries were carried under the bonnet and front of the dash.

A 1904 Brennan Motor Company advertisement

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Brennan-motor_1904.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liller_1

Liller 1

Liller 1

English: Color rendering is done by by Aladin-software (2000A&AS..143...33B.)

Liller 1 is a globular cluster close to the centre of the Milky Way, only 3,200 light years from the centre. It is heavily obscured by dust, being close to the galactic plane. Liller 1 is just under 30,000 light years from Earth. It has a mass of around 1.5 million solar masses. It has the highest level of emission of gamma rays of any globular cluster. This may be due to a large number of stellar collisions and pulsars. The globular cluster contains the rapid burster called MXB 1730-335.

Liller 1 is a globular cluster close to the centre of the Milky Way, only 3,200 light years from the centre. It is heavily obscured by dust, being close to the galactic plane. Liller 1 is just under 30,000 light years from Earth. It has a mass of around 1.5 million solar masses. It has the highest level of emission of gamma rays of any globular cluster. This may be due to a large number of stellar collisions and pulsars. The globular cluster contains the rapid burster called MXB 1730-335.

Liller 1 photographed by the Hubble Space Telescope

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Liller_1_HST_7318_R160GB110.png

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