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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishnarajapuram_railway_station

Krishnarajapuram railway station

Krishnarajapuram railway station

English: View of the Krishnarajapuram Railway station tracks from above the cable bridge.

Krishnarajapuram railway station is a suburb station located in Krishnarajapuram which is located about 14 km away from the Bangalore City railway station. It is one of the important railway station serving the Bangalore Metropolitan area and most of the trains have a stop here. Some of the major routes include to the places of Howrah, Chennai Central, and Patna Jn. Some of the popular trains traveling to Bangalore are Lal Bagh Express to Chennai operating 7 times a week, Kanyakumari Exp to Kanyakumari operating 7 times a week, and SBC Double Deck Chennai - Bangalore Double Decker Express to Bangalore operating 7 times a week.

Krishnarajapuram railway station (station code: KJM) is a suburb station located in Krishnarajapuram which is located about 14 km away from the Bangalore City railway station. It is one of the important railway station serving the Bangalore Metropolitan area and most of the trains have a stop here. Some of the major routes include to the places of Howrah, Chennai Central, and Patna Jn. Some of the popular trains traveling to Bangalore are Lal Bagh Express(12608) to Chennai operating 7 times a week, Kanyakumari Exp(16526) to Kanyakumari operating 7 times a week, and SBC Double Deck(22625) Chennai - Bangalore Double Decker Express to Bangalore operating 7 times a week.

Sunrise on the Krishnarajapura Railway station

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_philosophy

Italian philosophy

Early modern and 19th-century philosophy

Italian philosophy / Early modern and 19th-century philosophy

English: Portrait of Vilfredo Pareto 日本語: パレート肖像

Italy over the ages has had a vast influence on Western philosophy, beginning with the Greeks and Romans, and going onto Renaissance humanism, the Age of Enlightenment and modern philosophy.

Italy also had a renowned philosophical movement in the 1800s, with Idealism, Sensism and Empiricism. The main Sensist Italian philosophers were Gioja (1767–1829) and Romagnosi (1761–1835). Criticism of the Sensist movement came from other philosophers such as Pasquale Galluppi (1770–1846), who affirmed that a priori relationships were synthetic. Antonio Rosmini, instead, was the founder of Italian Idealism. The most comprehensive view of Rosmini's philosophical standpoint is to be found in his Sistema filosofico, in which he set forth the conception of a complete encyclopaedia of the human knowable, synthetically conjoined, according to the order of ideas, in a perfectly harmonious whole. Contemplating the position of recent philosophy from Locke to Hegel, and having his eye directed to the ancient and fundamental problem of the origin, truth and certainty of our ideas, he wrote: "If philosophy is to be restored to love and respect, I think it will be necessary, in part, to return to the teachings of the ancients, and in part to give those teachings the benefit of modern methods" (Theodicy, a. 148). He examined and analysed the fact of human knowledge, and obtained the following results: that the notion or idea of being or existence in general enters into, and is presupposed by, all our acquired cognitions, so that, without it, they would be impossible that this idea is essentially objective, inasmuch as what is seen in it is as distinct from and opposed to the mind that sees it as the light is from the eye that looks at it that it is essentially true, because being and truth are convertible terms, and because in the vision of it the mind cannot err, since error could only be committed by a judgment, and here there is no judgment, but a pure intuition affirming nothing and denying nothing that by the application of this essentially objective and true idea the human being intellectually perceives, first, the animal body individually conjoined with him, and then, on occasion of the sensations produced in him not by himself, the causes of those sensations, that is, from the action felt he perceives and affirms an agent, a being, and therefore a true thing, that acts on him, and he thus gets at the external world, these are the true primitive judgments, containing the subsistence of the particular being (subject), and its essence or species as determined by the quality of the action felt from it (predicate) that reflection, by separating the essence or species from the subsistence, obtains the full specific idea (universalization), and then from this, by leaving aside some of its elements, the abstract specific idea (abstraction) that the mind, having reached this stage of development, can proceed to further and further abstracts, including the first principles of reasoning, the principles of the several sciences, complex ideas, groups of ideas, and so on without end finally, that the same most universal idea of being, this generator and formal element of all acquired cognitions, cannot itself be acquired, but must be innate in us, implanted by God in our nature. Being, as naturally shining to our mind, must therefore be what men call the light of reason. Hence the name Rosmini gives it of ideal being; and this he laid down as the fundamental principle of all philosophy and the supreme criterion of truth and certainty. This he believed to be the teaching of St Augustine, as well as of St Thomas, of whom he was an ardent admirer and defender. In the 19th century, there were also several other movements which gained some form of popularity in Italy, such as Ontologism. The main Italian son of this philosophical movement was Vincenzo Gioberti (1801–1852), who was a priest and a metaphysician. Gioberti's writings are more important than his political career. In the general history of European philosophy they stand apart. As the speculations of Rosmini-Serbati, against which he wrote, have been called the last link added to medieval thought, so the system of Gioberti, known as Ontologism, more especially in his greater and earli

Vilfredo Pareto

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_West_Virginia

History of West Virginia

Separation

History of West Virginia / Civil War and split / Separation

English: Map of the 50 western Virginia counties and the vote for a separate state cast of October 24, 1861. 1860 county census date for voter numbers for each county, 21 years old and older.

West Virginia is one of two American states formed during the American Civil War, along with Nevada, and is the only state to form by seceding from a Confederate state. It was originally part of the British Virginia Colony and the western part of the state of Virginia, whose population became sharply divided over the issue of secession from the Union and in the separation from Virginia, formalized by admittance to the Union as a new state in 1863. West Virginia was one of the Civil War Border states. West Virginia's history was profoundly affected by its mountainous terrain, spectacular river valleys, and rich natural resources. These were all factors driving its economy and the lifestyles of residents, as well as drawing visitors to the "Mountain State" in the early 21st century.

On April 17, 1861, the Richmond convention voted on the Ordinance of Secession. Of the 49 delegates from the future state of West Virginia, 17 voted in favor, and 30 voted against, and two abstained. Almost immediately after the adoption of the ordinance, a mass meeting at Clarksburg recommended that each county in northwestern Virginia send delegates to a convention to meet in Wheeling on May 13, 1861. When the First Wheeling Convention met, 425 delegates from 25 counties were present, but a division of sentiment soon arose. Some delegates favored the immediate formation of a new state, while others argued that, as Virginia's secession had not yet been ratified or become effective, such action would constitute revolution against the United States. It was decided that if the ordinance were adopted (of which there was little doubt) another convention including the members-elect of the legislature should meet at Wheeling in June 1861. In a referendum on May 23, 1861, secession was ratified by a large majority in the state as a whole. But in the western counties that would form the state of West Virginia, the vote was approximately 34,677 against and 19,121 for ratification of the Ordinance of Secession. The Second Wheeling Convention met as agreed on June 11, 1861, and adopted "A Declaration of the People of Virginia". This document, drafted by former state senator John S. Carlile, declared that the Virginia Declaration of Rights required any substantial change in the nature or form of the state government to be approved by the people. Therefore, since the Secession Convention had been called by the legislature and not the people, all its acts were illegal. It further declared the pro-secession government in Richmond void and called for a reorganization of the state government, taking the line that all who adhered to the Ordinance of Secession had effectively vacated their offices. The convention passed an act for the reorganization of the government on June 19, 1861. On the following day, the convention chose Francis H. Pierpont as governor of the "Restored Government of Virginia", elected other officers, and adjourned. The legislature of the Restored Government was composed of members from the western counties who had been elected on May 23, 1861, and some senators who had been elected in 1859. It met at Wheeling on July 1, 1861, filled the remainder of the state offices, completed the reorganization of the state government, and elected two United States senators who were quickly seated in Washington. There were, therefore, two governments claiming to represent all of Virginia, one owing allegiance to the United States and one to the Confederacy. Even before the American Civil War, counties in northwest Virginia had desired to break away from Virginia to form a new state. However, the federal Constitution did not allow a new state to be created out of an existing state unless the existing state gave its consent. Soon after the Union government declared that the Restored Government was the legitimate government of the Commonwealth, the Restored Government asserted its authority to give such approval. It authorized the creation of the State of Kanawha, consisting of most of the counties that now comprise West Virginia. A little over one month later, Kanawha was renamed West Virginia. The Wheeling Convention, which had taken a recess until August 6, 1861, reassembled on August 20, 1861, and called for a popular vote on the formation of a new state and for a convention to frame a constitution if the vote should be favorable. In the election held on October 24, 1861, 18,408 votes were cast for the new state and only 781 against. At this time, West Virginia had nearly 70,000 qualified voters, and the May 23, 1861 vote to secede had drawn nearly 54,000 voters. However most of the pro-Confederate elements no longer considered themselves citizens of the United States; they saw themselves as citizens of another country (the Confederacy) and did not vote in elections sponsored by the United States. Votes from the secessionist coun

Turnout by county in the October 24, 1861, West Virginia statehood vote

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo_Brand

Jo Brand

Charity

Jo Brand / Personal life / Charity

English: Image of Jo Brand at an award ceremony.

Josephine Grace Brand is an English comedian, writer, presenter and actress. Starting her entertainment career with a move from psychiatric nursing to the alternative comedy stand-up scene and early performances on Saturday Live, she went on to appear on The Brain Drain, Channel 4's Jo Brand Through the Cakehole, Getting On and various television appearances including as a regular guest on QI, Have I Got News for You and Would I Lie to You?. She also makes regular appearances on BBC Radio 4 in programmes such as The News Quiz and Just a Minute. From 2014 to 2019 she was the presenter of The Great British Bake Off: An Extra Slice. In 2003, Brand was listed in The Observer as one of the 50 funniest acts in British comedy. In 2019, Brand became a contestant on Taskmaster.

Brand is a supporter of the charity ActionAid and has taken part in fundraising events for the organisation. In November 2014, Brand was a part of Gareth Malone's All Star Choir, who released a cover version of "Wake Me Up" to raise money for the BBC's Children in Need. On 28 January 2016, Brand completed a 150-mile walk across Britain, in aid of Sport Relief, in Liverpool. Brand crossed the finish line at the Albert Dock at 7.30pm, having set off from the banks of the River Humber on 22 January. Her efforts were shown in a 60-minute documentary, which aired on 17 March 2016, called Jo Brand's Hell of a Walk for Sport Relief. Brand is a patron of the National Self Harm Network (NSHN), International Animal Rescue, and the Prader-Willi Syndrome Association, as well as London Nightline. She is the president of the Ectopic Pregnancy Trust. Brand is an ambassador for the Alzheimer's Society.

Brand at the BBC Magazines Awards for Excellence, 2007

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norah,_Lady_Docker

Norah, Lady Docker

Docker Daimlers

Norah, Lady Docker / Docker Daimlers

Photographed at the Louwman museum / Louwman Collection, The Netherlands. Daimler DK400 2-dr fixed-head coupé by Hooper & Co for Lady Docker wife of the company's chairman for display at the Earls Court Motor Show October 1955 Painted ivory with all external and internal brightwork gold-plated. Ivory leather trim. Windscreen and roof panel of heat reflecting glass. Built-in cocktail cabinet, vanity box and picnic basket. An ivory-handled folding umbrella. Lady Docker's initials inscribed in gold letters on the door. Mascot - a golden zebra. Real zebra-skin upholstery "because mink is too hot to sit on".

Norah Docker, Lady Docker was an English socialite. A dance hostess at a club in her youth, she married three times, on each occasion to an executive of a business that sold luxury goods. Her third marriage, to Sir Bernard Docker, the chairman of Birmingham Small Arms Company and its subsidiary, Daimler, was notable for the couple's extravagant lifestyle. This was often funded by tax writeoffs and company expenditure that could not be legitimately defended, which led to Sir Bernard's removal from BSA's board of directors. She was also banned from the French Riviera by Prince Rainier after an incident in which she tore up a Monegasque flag.

Sir Bernard Docker commissioned a series of Daimlers built to Lady Docker's specifications for the show circuit. 1951 – The Gold Car (a.k.a. Golden Daimler) The Gold Car was a touring limousine on the Thirty-Six Straight-Eight chassis. The car was covered with 7,000 tiny gold stars, and all plating that would normally have been chrome was gold. This car was taken to Paris, the United States and Australia 1952 – Blue Clover Also on the Thirty-Six Straight-Eight chassis, Blue Clover was a two-door sportsman's coupé 1953 – Silver Flash The Silver Flash was an aluminium-bodied coupé based on the 3-litre Regency chassis. Its accessories included solid silver hairbrushes and red fitted luggage made from crocodile skin. 1954 – Star Dust based on the DF400 chassis 1955 – Golden Zebra The Golden Zebra was a two-door coupé based on the DK400 chassis. Like the Gold Car, the Golden Zebra had all its metal trim pieces plated gold instead of chrome, beyond that, it had an ivory dashboard and zebra-skin upholstery. Explaining the zebra skin upholstery, Lady Docker said: "Because mink is too hot to sit on.". Alongside the show cars kept for her personal use, Lady Docker also owned other Daimler cars, including an unmodified Conquest drophead coupé.

Golden Zebra for the Paris Show 1955

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_of_Azov

Sea of Azov

Climate

Sea of Azov / Climate

English: Azov Sea Photo Gallery: Ice-breaker 'Captan Demidov' IMO Number: 8027286 MMSI Number: 273332600 Callsign: UEVK Length: 77 m Beam: 17 m

The Sea of Azov is a sea in Eastern Europe connected to the Black Sea by the narrow Strait of Kerch, and is sometimes regarded as a northern extension of the Black Sea. The sea is bounded in the northwest by Ukraine, in the southeast by Russia. The Don River and Kuban River are the major rivers that flow into it. There is a constant outflow of water from the Sea of Azov to the Black Sea. The Sea of Azov is the shallowest sea in the world, with the depth varying between 0.9 and 14 metres. The sea is largely affected by the inflow of numerous rivers, which bring sand, silt, and shells, which in turn form numerous bays, limans, and narrow spits. Because of these deposits, the sea bottom is relatively smooth and flat with the depth gradually increasing toward the middle. Also, due to the river inflow, water in the sea has low salinity and a high amount of biomass that affects the water colour. Abundant plankton result in unusually high fish productivity. The sea shores and spits are low; they are rich in vegetation and bird colonies.

The sea is relatively small and nearly surrounded by land. Therefore, its climate is continental with cold winters and hot and dry summers. In autumn and winter, the weather is affected by the Siberian Anticyclone which brings cold and dry air from Siberia with winds of 4–7 m/s, sometimes up to 15 m/s. Those winds may lower the winter temperatures from the usual −1 to −5 °C to below −30 °C. The mean mid-summer temperatures are 23–25 °C with a maximum of about 40 °C. Winds are weaker in summer, typically 3–5 m/s. Precipitation varies between 312 and 528 mm/year and is 1.5–2 times larger in summer than in winter. Average water temperatures are 0–1 °C in winter (2–3 °C in the Kerch Strait) and 24–25 °C in summer, with a maximum of about 28 °C on the open sea and above 30 °C near the shores. During the summer, the sea surface is usually slightly warmer than the air. Because of the shallow character of the sea, the temperature usually lowers by only about 1 °C with depth, but in cold winters, the difference can reach 5–7 °C. The winds cause frequent storms, with the waves reaching 6 metres in the Taganrog Bay, 2–4 metres near the southern shores, and 1 metre in the Kerch Strait. In the open sea, their height is usually 1–2 metres, sometimes up to 3 metres. Winds also induce frequent seiches – standing waves with an amplitude of 20–50 cm and lasting from minutes to hours. Another consequence of the winds is water currents. The prevailing current is a counterclockwise swirl due to the westerly and south-westerly winds. Their speed is typically less than 10 cm/s, but can reach 60–70 cm/s for 15–20 m/s winds. In the bays, the flow is largely controlled by the inflow of the rivers and is directed away from the shore. In the Kerch Strait, the flow is normally toward the Black Sea due to the predominance of northern winds and the water inflow from the rivers; its average speed is 10–20 cm/s, reaching 30–40 cm in the narrowest parts. Tides are variable but can peak at 5.5 metres. The shallowness and low salinity of the sea make it vulnerable to freezing during the winter. Fast ice bands ranging from 7 km in the north to 1.5 km in the south can occur temporarily at any time from late December to mid-March. Several ships were trapped in ice in 2012 when it froze over. The ice thickness reaches 30–40 centimetres (12–16 in) in most parts of the sea and 60–80 cm in the Taganrog Bay. The ice is often unstable and piles up to the height of several metres. Before the introduction of icebreakers, navigation was halted in the winter.

An icebreaker on the Sea of Azov

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4te_d%27Argent

Côte d'Argent

Côte d'Argent

Vue des reflets argentés sur l'Océan Atlantique à Mimizan (Landes, France)

Côte d’Argent is a tourist name given to a section of the French Atlantic coast.

Côte d’Argent ([kot daʁʒɑ̃], meaning Silver Coast) is a tourist name given to a section of the French Atlantic coast.

Silver-like water surface at Mimizan

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remutaka_Range

Remutaka Range

Geography

Remutaka Range / Geography

English: View looking south along the Rimutaka Hill road towards Wellington, with soldiers on the verge.

The Remutaka Range is the southern-most range of a mountain chain in the lower North Island of New Zealand. The chain continues into the Tararua, then Ruahine Ranges, running parallel with the east coast between Wellington and East Cape. The 555-metre summit of the road over the range is named Remutaka Pass. The pass was formally named on 17 December 2015 when the Minister of Land Information confirmed the decision of the New Zealand Geographic Board. Following the passage of the Rangitāne Tū Mai Rā Claims Settlement Act 2017, the name of the range officially changed to Remutaka Range.

The Remutaka Range runs north-east to south-west for 55 kilometres from the upper reaches of the Hutt Valley (where they abut the southern end of the Tararuas) to Turakirae Head at the western end of Palliser Bay. The highest peak is Mount Matthews, at 940 metres. Narrow and winding, State Highway 2 crosses the ridge from the Hutt Valley to Featherston. At the summit is a lookout point where there was a cafe, but after disputes over toilets and land ownership between the Greater Wellington Regional Council and a series of tenants the building sat empty, was severely damaged by fire in April 2009 and later demolished. The Wairarapa Line railway used to climb across the Remutakas, including the famous Rimutaka Incline, a rare example of the Fell mountain railway system. It opened on 12 August 1878 and closed on 30 October 1955, when it was replaced by the Rimutaka Tunnel. The former route is now the popular Remutaka Rail Trail and part of the Remutaka Cycle Trail. The Rimutaka Incline Railway Heritage Trust has plans to rebuild the railway from Maymorn, including the Incline, as a tourist and historical attraction.

World War I soldiers resting on the Rimutaka hill road

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Romanian_general_election

2004 Romanian general election

President

2004 Romanian general election / Results / President

Orange for Traian Basescu. Blue for Adrian Nastase. Grey for yet unknown (will edit later)

General elections were held in Romania on 28 November 2004, with a second round of the presidential elections on 12 December between Prime Minister Adrian Năstase of the ruling Social Democratic Party of Romania and Bucharest Mayor Traian Băsescu of the opposition Justice and Truth Alliance. Băsescu was elected President by a narrow majority of just 51.2%. Following 2003 amendments to the constitution which lengthened the presidential term to five years, these were the last joint elections to the presidency and Parliament.

Corneliu Vadim Tudor (blue) positioned himself against Traian Băsescu, without openly endorsing Adrian Năstase. Marko Bela (green) openly endorsed Adrian Năstase. Gheorghe Ciuhandu (orange) openly endorsed Traian Băsescu.

Winner by county in the runoff

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Romania_presidentia2004_Run-off_by_county.png

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RG-12

RG-12

RG-12

Italiano: Un RG-12 dell'Arma dei Carabinieri - Lato/fronte

The RG-12 is a multi-purpose armoured personnel carrier with anti-personnel mine, grenade, fire bomb and small arms fire protection that is manufactured by Land Systems OMC of South Africa, with over 700 being in service globally in more than eight countries. Originally designed as a police public order vehicle for both urban and rural operations, the RG-12 has been developed to be used in many roles, including as routine internal security vehicle, military APC, bullion carrier, bulk diamond carrier and security vehicle on gold and platinum mines.

The RG-12 (nicknamed 'Nyala') is a multi-purpose armoured personnel carrier with anti-personnel mine, grenade, fire bomb and small arms fire protection that is manufactured by Land Systems OMC (a business unit of BAE Systems) of South Africa, with over 700 being in service globally in more than eight countries. Originally designed as a police public order vehicle for both urban and rural operations, the RG-12 has been developed to be used in many roles, including as routine internal security vehicle, military APC, bullion carrier, bulk diamond carrier and security vehicle on gold and platinum mines.

Carabinieri RG-12 in Florence, Italy.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_of_San_Francisco

Port of San Francisco

History

Port of San Francisco / History

The Port of San Francisco is a semi-independent organization that oversees the port facilities at San Francisco, California, United States. It is run by a five-member commission, appointed by the Mayor and approved by the Board of Supervisors. The Port is responsible for managing the larger waterfront area that extends from the anchorage of the Golden Gate Bridge, along the Marina district, all the way around the north and east shores of the city of San Francisco including Fisherman's Wharf and the Embarcadero, and southward to the city line just beyond Candlestick Point. In 1968 the State of California, via the California State Lands Commission for the State-operated San Francisco Port Authority, transferred its responsibilities for the Harbor of San Francisco waterfront to the City and County of San Francisco / San Francisco Harbor Commission through the Burton Act AB2649. All eligible State port authority employees had the option to become employees of the City and County of San Francisco to maintain consistent operation of the Port of San Francisco. The Port of San Francisco lies on the western edge of the San Francisco Bay near the Golden Gate.

The first landing place on the north-eastern tip of the San Francisco peninsula was a rocky promontory below Telegraph Hill later known as Clarke's Point that jutted into the San Francisco Bay at the line of what is now Broadway and Battery Streets. Yerba Buena Cove swept inland from the subsequently named Clarke's Point to as far as Montgomery Street to the west, and further south and east to Rincon Point at the south of Market area at the foot of Folsom and Spear streets. The founding padres of Mission Dolores and the other northern California missions found the jetty at Clarke's Point a convenient landing for their commerce in hides and tallow. It is the same location where Russian ships anchored to load supplies of meat and grain. Early European visitors were the British Raccoon in 1814 and the French frigate Artemise in 1839. The sloop USS St. Louis, which arrived in 1840, was the first warship to fly the American flag in San Francisco Bay. On July 9, 1846, the sloop USS Portsmouth gave a 21-gun salute and Captain John Berrien Montgomery and his detachment rowed ashore and hoisted the American flag on the Mexican flagpole in the small settlement's plaza, later named Portsmouth Square in honor of the ship. The earliest development of a port in San Francisco, two and a half miles east of the Presidio, was under the Mexican regime, begun in 1835 as the town of Yerba Buena. Before this time, the port at Monterey was considered the official port of entry to California. Captain Richardson erected the first abode of a European on the hill overlooking the Bay. He became the first harbor master by appointment of the Governor Mariano Guadaloupe de Vallejo. Whalers took umbrage at the taxes charged by the Mexican governor Manuel Micheltorena in 1843, and the outright banning of their trading in the port, then relocated from San Francisco to the Hawaiian Islands. Commodore John D. Sloat claimed California for the United States on July 7, 1846, during the Mexican–American War, and Captain John B. Montgomery arrived to claim Yerba Buena two days later. In 1847, the first American alcalde, Lt. Washington Allon Bartlett changed the name from Yerba Buena to San Francisco, "so that the town may have the advantage of the name given on the public map." The United States governor of the newly occupied territory of California, General Stephen W. Kearny, renounced the rights of eminent domain of the American government in favor of the city of San Francisco. The early city built up on the west side of Yerba Buena Cove around Portsmouth Square. Immediately, the municipality of San Francisco was given the right, by General Kearney acting as governor of California, to sell "water lots" in the tidelands between Clarke's Point and Rincon Point so the city might gain revenues from the sale. At the same time, the owner of the land at the foot of Telegraph Hill, W. S. Clarke built a timbered wharf and the location became known as Clarke's Point. Later, a substantial wharf 750 feet (229 m) long and 60 feet (18 m) wide was erected to the depth of water, 26 feet (8 m), made the landing available to deep water ships. this project was followed by other wharves built below Broadway and Clay streets, and at Commercial street. When gold was discovered in California, the first hulk of an old iron revenue steamer, the James K. Polk, was beached at the foot of the bluff near Clarke's Point and became the foundation of the first real passenger landing in the city. It was at this site that the population of San Francisco met the Pacific mail liner the Oregon to receive the official announcement that California had been admitted to the Union. The bluff at the point was quickly leveled and on the land created a wharf was built that became the first regular berthing place, for a short time, for the Pacific mail steamships. Whatever products came to California, and whatever California produced, had to be carried by ship. In the first year of the gold rush, hundreds of ships were beached and abandoned in the tidal flats of Yerba Buena Cove, and numerous ships were

San Francisco in 1849.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_New_York_State_Historic_Markers_in_Ulster_County,_New_York

List of New York State Historic Markers in Ulster County, New York

Listings County-Wide

List of New York State Historic Markers in Ulster County, New York / Listings County-Wide

English: NY State historical marker for Tillson Friends meeting house

a picture of the marker

This is an incomplete list of New York State Historic Markers in Ulster County, New York.

(147 Markers)

Historic marker for the Meeting House in Tillson

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holcosus_undulatus

Holcosus undulatus

Holcosus undulatus

English: Rainbow Ameiva (Ameiva undulata), Manuel Antonio Park, Costa Raica

The rainbow ameiva, barred whiptail, or metallic ameiva is a species of whiptail lizard found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Belize, and southern Mexico.

The rainbow ameiva, barred whiptail, or metallic ameiva (Holcosus undulatus) is a species of whiptail lizard found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Belize, and southern Mexico.

Manuel Antonio National Park, Costa Rica

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy_T._Lockwood

Timothy T. Lockwood

Timothy T. Lockwood

English: Portrait of Timothy T. Lockwood

Timothy T. Lockwood was Mayor of the City of Buffalo, New York, serving 1858–1859. He was born in North East, New York in 1810. In the early 1830s, he studied medicine at Philadelphia Medical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He returned to Buffalo around 1842 and became a member of the Erie County Medical Society. In 1851, Lockwood was appointed city health physician under Mayor James Wadsworth. He was married to Charlotte of Hamburg, New York; she died and he re-married on October 25, 1869, this time to Louise C. Francher. He was elected as mayor of Buffalo on June 9, 1857 as the Democratic candidate. His term as mayor ended on January 3, 1859. After his term expired, Lockwood resumed his medical practice. On December 23, 1870, he died in Utica, New York, and was buried between the bodies of both his wives in Forest Lawn Cemetery.

Timothy T. Lockwood (1810–1870) was Mayor of the City of Buffalo, New York, serving 1858–1859. He was born in North East, New York in 1810. In the early 1830s, he studied medicine at Philadelphia Medical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He returned to Buffalo around 1842 and became a member of the Erie County Medical Society. In 1851, Lockwood was appointed city health physician under Mayor James Wadsworth. He was married to Charlotte of Hamburg, New York; she died and he re-married on October 25, 1869, this time to Louise C. Francher. He was elected as mayor of Buffalo on June 9, 1857 as the Democratic candidate. His term as mayor ended on January 3, 1859. After his term expired, Lockwood resumed his medical practice. On December 23, 1870, he died in Utica, New York, and was buried between the bodies of both his wives in Forest Lawn Cemetery.

Portrait of Timothy T. Lockwood

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ines_Bibernell

Ines Bibernell

Ines Bibernell

For documentary purposes the German Federal Archive often retained the original image captions, which may be erroneous, biased, obsolete or politically extreme. Ines Bibernell, Gabriele Veith ADN-ZB Kluge 15.2.86 Bez. Cottbus: DDR-Hallenmeisterschaften in der Leichtathletik- Mit der neuen DDR-Hallenbestzeit von 8:50,19 min gewann die 20jährige Ines Bibernell (SC Chemie Halle - l.) den Titel über 3000 m vor Gabriele Veith (SC Cottbus - r.).

Ines Bibernell is a former East German female track and field athlete who competed in middle- and long-distance track events. She was a gold medallist at the European Athletics Indoor Championships in 1986. A member of the SC Chemie Halle athletics club, the Querfurt-born athlete came to prominence in the 1985 season. The teenager won a 1500 metres/3000 metres double at the East German Indoor Championships before going on to take a 3000 m/10,000 metres double at the East German Athletics Championships outdoors. Her first major international appearances came that year in the 10,000 m and she was runner-up at the 1985 European Cup and placed fourth at the 1985 IAAF World Cup. At the start of 1986, she defended her national indoor title over 3000 m and set an under-23 indoor world best for the 2-mile run, finishing in a time of 9:34.27 minutes in New York City. This remains the German national record for that event. The greatest feat of her career came that February, as she won the gold medal over 3000 m at the 1986 European Athletics Indoor Championships – the only East German woman ever to win that title.

Ines Bibernell (née Obst; born July 21, 1965 in Querfurt, Bezirk Halle) is a former East German female track and field athlete who competed in middle- and long-distance track events. She was a gold medallist at the European Athletics Indoor Championships in 1986. A member of the SC Chemie Halle athletics club, the Querfurt-born athlete came to prominence in the 1985 season. The teenager won a 1500 metres/3000 metres double at the East German Indoor Championships before going on to take a 3000 m/10,000 metres double at the East German Athletics Championships outdoors. Her first major international appearances came that year in the 10,000 m and she was runner-up at the 1985 European Cup and placed fourth at the 1985 IAAF World Cup. At the start of 1986, she defended her national indoor title over 3000 m and set an under-23 indoor world best for the 2-mile run, finishing in a time of 9:34.27 minutes in New York City. This remains the German national record for that event. The greatest feat of her career came that February, as she won the gold medal over 3000 m at the 1986 European Athletics Indoor Championships – the only East German woman ever to win that title. After this victory she won a 1500/3000 m double at the national outdoor championships. A third straight East German indoor 3000 m title came in 1987, but this was the last high level achievement of her briefly flourishing career.

Bibernell at the 1986 East German Indoor Championships

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telopea_truncata

Telopea truncata

Cultivation

Telopea truncata / Cultivation

English: telopea truncata cult. Mt Wellington

Telopea truncata, commonly known as the Tasmanian waratah, is a plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to Tasmania where it is found on moist acidic soils at altitudes of 600 to 1200 m. Telopea truncata is a component of alpine eucalypt forest, rainforest and scrub communities. It grows as a multistemmed shrub to a height of 3 metres, or occasionally as a small tree to 10 m high, with red flower heads, known as inflorescences, appearing over the Tasmanian summer and bearing 10 to 35 individual flowers. Yellow-flowered forms are occasionally seen, but do not form a population distinct from the rest of the species. Collected by French botanist Jacques Labillardière in 1792–93, Telopea truncata was first scientifically described in 1805. Genetic analysis revealed that the Tasmanian waratah is the most distinctive of the five waratah species. It can be cultivated in temperate climates, requiring soils with good drainage and ample moisture in part-shaded or sunny positions. Several commercially available cultivars that are hybrids of T. truncata with the New South Wales waratah and Gippsland waratah have been developed.

The flowers of the Tasmanian waratah provide ample nectar and hence are a food source for bird visitors to the garden. The species can be propagated by seed, though seedlings may succumb to damping off. Growing in a natural shady location delays flowering by two to four weeks, while growing in a cooler conditions (due either to latitude or altitude) can delay flowering by up to six weeks. Pruning flower heads can promote subsequent growth of leaves and branches. It grows best in a cool climate with ample water and good drainage, and has done well in cultivation in England. The Royal Horticultural Society gave it an Award of Merit in 1934 and a First Class Certificate in 1938. The relationship between light duration and intensity, temperature, vegetative growth and flower production is poorly known. Yellow forms in cultivation were originally propagated from a plant found on Mount Wellington.

Two plants in cultivation in a Hobart car park

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Ratei

Julian Ratei

Julian Ratei

English: Julian Ratei, 1860 München, training

Julian Ratei is a German footballer who played in the 3. Liga for SV Darmstadt 98.

Julian Ratei (born July 12, 1988) is a German footballer who played in the 3. Liga for SV Darmstadt 98.

Ratei in 2010.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Julian_Ratei_1860_2010_1.JPG

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantagenet_County,_Western_Australia

Plantagenet County, Western Australia

Plantagenet County, Western Australia

location of Plantagenet county in Western Australia

Plantagenet County was one of the 26 counties of Western Australia that were designated in 1829 as cadastral divisions, and was centred on the coastal settlement of Albany. It approximately corresponds to the modern-day Plantagenet Land District which forms the basis for land titles in the area.

Plantagenet County was one of the 26 counties of Western Australia that were designated in 1829 as cadastral divisions, and was centred on the coastal settlement of Albany. It approximately corresponds to the modern-day Plantagenet Land District which forms the basis for land titles in the area.

Location of Plantagenet county within the 26 counties of Western Australia

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Waterhouse

Alfred Waterhouse

Personal life and family

Alfred Waterhouse / Personal life and family

English: Alfred Waterhouse (1830–1905), RA

Alfred Waterhouse RA PPRIBA was an English architect, particularly associated with the Victorian Gothic Revival architecture, although he designed using other architectural styles as well. He is perhaps best known for his design for Manchester Town Hall and the Natural History Museum in London, although he also built a wide variety of other buildings throughout the country. Besides his most famous public buildings he designed other town halls, the Manchester Assize buildings—bombed in World War II, and the adjacent Strangeways Prison. He also designed several hospitals, the most architecturally interesting being the Royal Infirmary Liverpool and University College Hospital London. He was particularly active in designing buildings for universities, including both Oxford and Cambridge but also what became Liverpool, Manchester and Leeds universities. He designed many country houses, the most important being Eaton Hall in Cheshire, largely demolished in 1961-63. He designed several bank buildings and offices for insurance companies, most notably the Prudential Assurance Company. Although not a major church designer he produced several notable churches and chapels.

In 1860 Waterhouse married Elizabeth Hodgkin (1834–1918), who was also a Quaker, daughter of John Hodgkin and sister of the historian Thomas Hodgkin, who was a school friend of Waterhouse. Elizabeth was herself the author of several books, including a collection of verse and some anthologies. Her best known work was The Island of Anarchy, a Utopian story set in the late 20th century, first published in 1887 and more recently re-published by the Reading-based Two Rivers Press. Elizabeth was also an accomplished water-colourist and she and Alfred would often paint together, also she produced designs for embroidery and copper and brass ware in the style of the Arts and Crafts movement. Elizabeth also organised between 1890 and 1914 evening craft classes in Yattendon. She also arranged amateur theatricals at home. The eldest of the five children the couple had was Paul Waterhouse (1861-1924), after being educated at Eton College and taking a degree in Classics at Balliol College, Oxford he would follow his father's profession joining the practice in 1884, his father made him a partner in 1891. Paul's son Michael Theodore Waterhouse (1888-1968) would also become an architect. In turn Michael's son David Barclay Waterhouse (1921-1998) was the fourth generation to follow the profession retiring in 1989. Alfred's and Elizabeth's other children were: Mary Monica Waterhouse (1863-1949) who married Robert Bridges in 1884; Florence Eliot Waterhouse (1866-1953); Alfred Maurine Waterhouse (1868-c.1881) and Amyas Theodore Waterhouse (1872-1956). In 1877 Alfred, Elizabeth and Paul changed their faith, all were baptised into the Church of England, the four younger children were baptised a few months later. Alfred's great-granddaughter Prudence Waterhouse (daughter of Michael), also an architect, was joint author with architectural historian Colin Cunningham of Alfred Waterhouse 1830-1905 Biography of a Practice published in 1992 by Oxford University Press. Waterhouse designed his own house in 1860, Barcombe Cottage, Fallowfield, Manchester. The purchase of 8 (now 61) New Cavendish Street, Marylebone, London, a late eighteenth-century Georgian terraced house was negotiated in the autumn of 1864, preparatory to his relocating in 1865 to London. Waterhouse went on to design the Gothic Foxhill House (1867–68), Reading, as the family's first country residence. The site was next door to his parents' house, Whiteknights House. In 1877 he built the even grander Yattendon Court near Yattendon for £11,865 (approximately £1,400,000 in 2019). Waterhouse's grandson sold Yattendon Court to Edward Iliffe, 1st Baron Iliffe, and it was demolished and replaced by the current house in 1926. After moving to Yattendon Waterhouse sold Foxhill. In the village of Yatton Waterhouse designed and paid for several buildings: a Reading Room and caretaker's cottage (1877) cost £570; several cottages, village shop and farm buildings (c.1878-1900); alterations to the parish church including a new porch, vestry, new altar and organ, and partial rebuilding of the tower (1881) cost £370; a new village school (1885–86) for £2,077. Friends of Alfred and Elizabeth who regularly stayed at Yattendon included Hamo Thornycroft and Edmund Gosse, they also let the old manor house at Yattendon to their future son-in-law Robert Bridges. In the spring each year the Waterhouses held regular Thursday night dinners at their London house in New Cavendish Street. Guests included Hamo Thornycroft, his sister Theresa Thornycroft, Edmund Gosse, Frank Dicksee, Lawrence Alma-Tadema, Ford Madox Brown, Mary Augusta Ward, Benjamin Jowett, James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce and his sister Julia Gaskell. Alfred was a friend of fellow architects Richard Norman Shaw and William Burges. In 1861 Shaw designed a wooden cradle for the newly born Paul Waterhouse. It is now in the V&A Museum. He had been a guest of the Foreign Architectural Book Society, founded in 1859, it was restricted to fifteen members, so it was only on the death of Burges in 1881 that Waterhouse could join. Other members included

Alfred Waterhouse 1886 by Arthur Stockdale Cope

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Vera

Billy Vera

1970s thru 1990s

Billy Vera / Life and career / 1970s thru 1990s

Cover art of the 1981 self-titled album by Billy and the Beaters

Billy Vera is an American singer, songwriter, actor, author and music historian. He has been a singer and songwriter since the 1960s, his most successful record being "At This Moment", a US number 1 hit in 1987. He continues to perform with his group Billy Vera & The Beaters, and won a Grammy Award in 2013.

The 1970s were a slow period for Vera. In 1977 he issued a solo album called Out of the Darkness in the US, and as Private Clown in the UK. It failed to have an impact in either country. 1979 began with his song "I Really Got the Feeling," a number 1 hit for Dolly Parton. During that decade he served as conductor for many oldies acts, including the Shirelles and Ronnie Spector as well as fronting the band at the 1972 Reunion concert of Dion & the Belmonts. Before moving to Los Angeles in 1979, he played many New York area clubs with his band which included Ben Beckley on drums, Tommy Wolk on bass, John Levanthal on guitar, and Joe Renda on keyboards. Living in Los Angeles and writing songs for Warner Bros. Records, Vera and his old friend, bass player Chuck Fiore decided to put together a band to play the local club scene. Modeling their band on Ray Charles's 1950s band, The Beaters were born. They featured a horn section, as well as a pedal steel guitar, along with drums, piano, Fiore's bass, and Vera on guitar and vocals. As a result of the buzz the band generated from their now-legendary Monday midnight shows at the Troubadour, they were offered a recording contract by Alfa Records, a major Japanese record company that had recently opened an American office in Los Angeles. They recorded the band live, at the Roxy (video was produced by Paul Flattery and directed by Bruce Gowers), calling the album Billy & The Beaters. The 1981 album yielded the minor hits "I Can Take Care of Myself," which reached number 39 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the US, and "At This Moment", which (initially) charted at number 79. Both songs were credited to Billy & The Beaters. The following year, Vera recorded a self-titled solo album, with instrumentation by The Muscle Shoals Sound Rhythm Section and produced by Jerry Wexler. However, Vera's record deal evaporated almost immediately upon the album's release, as Alfa Records closed its U.S. offices in July 1982. The Billy Vera album spun off no hits, and failed to chart. A small-label album release from 1983, The Mystic Sound of Billy Vera, similarly met with little commercial success. Vera returned to playing the clubs of Southern California, and resumed calling his backing band "The Beaters", which featured an ever-shifting lineup of players. In 1985, a producer from the television show Family Ties was in the audience and heard the band play "At This Moment". The song was subsequently featured in 1985 as a backdrop for romantic interludes between characters Alex (Michael J. Fox) and Ellen (Tracy Pollan). Viewers responded by clamoring for the song, and in 1986, Rhino Records released By Request: The Best of Billy Vera & the Beaters, which was essentially a reissue of most of the tracks from Billy & The Beaters, plus two tracks from Billy Vera. The single "At This Moment" became a number one hit on its re-release, reaching the top in January 1987, and remained on the charts for 21 weeks. While Vera continued with his musical career, the follow-up singles to "At This Moment" all missed the Hot 100, although his album for Capitol Records, Retro Nuevo, yielded a No. 9 hit on the Adult Contemporary chart, "Between Like And Love." Before "At This Moment," Vera had a small career in movies and television including appearances in The Adventures of Buckaroo Banzai, Late for Dinner, The Doors and soap opera Days of Our Lives. "At This Moment" propelled his movie career as he and the Beaters were featured prominently in the Bruce Willis movie Blind Date. He appeared in one episode of a TV series, Wiseguy and had several other roles on shows such as Baywatch, Boy Meets World, and a recurring role as Duke on Beverly Hills, 90210 as well as nine appearances on The Tonight Show starring Johnny Carson. These roles would lead him into singing theme songs for TV shows, such as Empty Nest and The King of Queens, as well as voice acting on Cartoon Network cartoons. He served as band leader on Rick Dees' short-lived late-night talk show Into the Night on ABC in 1990. During that period, Vera co-produced

Cover art of Billy & the Beaters (1981)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_(user_interface)

Selection (user interface)

Types

Selection (user interface) / Types

English: Example showing vertical editing feature (multi-line) by CodeEditor: First hold Alt, then select the area you would like to edit, then edit multiple lines at once.Deutsch: Beispiel, das zeigt, wie man mehrere Zeilen vertikal markiert und anschließend bearbeiten kann. Zuerst Alt drücken, dann die zu bearbeitende Fläche markieren, anschließend mehrere Zeilen gleichzeitig bearbeiten.

In computing and user interface engineering, a selection is a list of items on which user operations will take place. The user typically adds items to the list manually, although the computer may create a selection automatically. Selections are enacted through combinations of key presses on a keyboard, with a precision pointing device, or by hand on a touchscreen device. The simultaneous selection of a group of items is called a multiple selection. Context menus will usually include actions related to the objects included in the current selection - the selection provides the "context" for the menu.

Text selection is associated with the cut, copy and paste operations and done with a cursor, caret navigation or touch. Image editing applications can feature specialized graphical tools for the selection and modification of areas and shapes or to interact with colours, such as the magic wand selection tool, the lasso selection tool, the marquee selection (bounding box), or the color picker. The border of a selected area in an image is often animated with the marching ants effect to help the user to distinguish the selection border from the image background. Video editing programs may utilise dynamic controls and advanced digital effects on the selected region. Files and other interface components can be selected and used with the advent of GUIs. Selection and manipulation in 3D virtual environments

Text selection in a source-code editor

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelia_County,_Virginia

Amelia County, Virginia

Amelia County, Virginia

English: Amelia County Courthouse in Amelia Courthouse, Virginia, USA

Amelia County Court House

Amelia County is a United States county located just west of Richmond in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The county is included in the Greater Richmond Region, and its county seat is Amelia Courthouse. Amelia County was created in 1735 from parts of Prince George and Brunswick counties, and it was named in honor of Princess Amelia of Great Britain. Parts of the county were later carved out to create Prince Edward and Nottoway counties. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 12,690, which is an increase of more than 44 percent from the 1990 census.

Amelia County is a United States county located just west of Richmond in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The county is included in the Greater Richmond Region, and its county seat is Amelia Courthouse. Amelia County was created in 1735 from parts of Prince George and Brunswick counties, and it was named in honor of Princess Amelia of Great Britain. Parts of the county were later carved out to create Prince Edward and Nottoway counties. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 12,690, which is an increase of more than 44 percent from the 1990 census.

Amelia County Court House

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Cortinarius_species

List of Cortinarius species

V

List of Cortinarius species / V

English: A fruit body of the North American fungus Cortinarius vanduzerensis A.H. Sm. & Trappe. Specimen photographed in Salt Point State Park, Sonoma Co., California, USA.

With around 2000 species, Cortinarius is the biggest genus of fungi that form mushrooms. Apart from a few species such as C. caperatus, many even so-called edible species appear to have very similar species that are at least inedible if not poisonous, or otherwise may differ in edibility geographically. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V U W X Y Z

Cortinarius vacciniophilus – Norway Cortinarius vaccinochelis – France Cortinarius vaccinus – France Cortinarius vaginatopus  – France Cortinarius vaginatus – Argentina Cortinarius vagnetoi – France Cortinarius validus Cortinarius van-campiae – Italy Cortinarius vanduzerensis Cortinarius variebulbus – France Cortinarius variecolor – Europe Cortinarius variegatuloides – France Cortinarius variegatulus – Argentina Cortinarius variicolor Cortinarius variiformis – Morocco Cortinarius variipes – France Cortinarius variosimilis – USA (Wyoming) Cortinarius varius Cortinarius velatocaulis – France Cortinarius velatus Cortinarius velenovskyanus  – France Cortinarius velenovskyi – France Cortinarius velicopia Cortinarius velicopius – USA (Michigan) Cortinarius velutinellus – North European Russia Cortinarius venenosus – Japan Cortinarius veneris – France Cortinarius venosifolius – France Cortinarius ventricosus – USA (Wyoming) Cortinarius venustissimus – Sweden Cortinarius verallopus – France Cortinarius veraprilis Cortinarius verecundus – New Caledonia Cortinarius veregregius – France Cortinarius vernalis Cortinarius vernicifer – New Zealand Cortinarius vernicosus – USA (Washington) Cortinarius vernus – Sweden Cortinarius veronicae – New Zealand Cortinarius veronicoides – Australia Cortinarius verrucisporus Cortinarius verruculosus Cortinarius vesterholtii – Europe Cortinarius vibratilis Cortinarius violaceus – purple cortinar (Europe), violet cort (North America) Cortinarius virentophyllus Cortinarius viscoviridis Cortinarius vitreopileatus Cortinarius volvatus Cortinarius vulpinus

C. vanduzerensis

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Cortinarius_vanduzerensis_134617.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Venkateswara_Zoological_Park

Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park

Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park

English: An Indian peafowl at Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India

Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park is located in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park is located in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Indian peafowl at SV Zoological Park

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinchpokli_railway_station

Chinchpokli railway station

Chinchpokli railway station

English: Chinchpokli platformboard

Chinchpokli is a railway station on the Central Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway. The Chinchpokli Railway station was opened in 1877. In 1896, during the Bombay plague epidemic, the Chinchpokli Station was converted into medical transit place.

Chinchpokli (formerly Chinchpugli, station code: CHG) is a railway station on the Central Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway. The Chinchpokli Railway station was opened in 1877. In 1896, during the Bombay plague epidemic, the Chinchpokli Station was converted into medical transit place.

Chinchpokli platformboard

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_native_Oregon_plants

List of native Oregon plants

List of native Oregon plants

Asarum caudatum English: British Columbia Wildginger

This is a list of plants by common name that are native to the U.S. state of Oregon. Adobe parsley Alaska blueberry American wild carrot Austin's popcornflower Awned melic Azalea Azure penstemon Baby blue eyes Baldhip rose Beach strawberry Beach wormwood Bearded lupine Bensoniella Bigleaf maple Bigleaf sedge Birdnest buckwheat Birthroot, western trillium Bitter cherry Bleeding heart Blow-wives Blue elderberry Bog Labrador tea Bolander's lily Bridges' cliffbreak Brook wakerobin Brown dogwood Buckbrush Bugle hedgenettle Bunchberry California broomrape California buttercup California canarygrass California goldfields California milkwort California phacelia California stoneseed California wild rose Camas Canary violet Canyon gooseberry Cascara Castle Lake bedstraw Charming centaury Chinese caps Citrus fawn lily Coastal cryptantha Coastal sand-verbena Coastal sneezeweed Coastal woodfern Cobra lily Cobwebby thistle Cook's lomatium Common agrimony Common star lily Copperbush Creamcups Cream stonecrop Crimson columbine Crown brodiaea Cusick's giant hyssop Cusick's stickweed Daggerpod Davy mannagrass Deer fern Del Norte pea Desert Indian paintbrush Douglas-fir Douglas iris

This is a list of plants by common name that are native to the U.S. state of Oregon. Adobe parsley Alaska blueberry American wild carrot Austin's popcornflower Awned melic Azalea Azure penstemon Baby blue eyes Baldhip rose Beach strawberry Beach wormwood Bearded lupine Bensoniella Bigleaf maple Bigleaf sedge Birdnest buckwheat Birthroot, western trillium Bitter cherry Bleeding heart Blow-wives Blue elderberry Bog Labrador tea Bolander's lily Bridges' cliffbreak Brook wakerobin Brown dogwood Buckbrush Bugle hedgenettle Bunchberry California broomrape California buttercup California canarygrass California goldfields California milkwort California phacelia California stoneseed California wild rose Camas Canary violet Canyon gooseberry Cascara Castle Lake bedstraw Charming centaury Chinese caps Citrus fawn lily Coastal cryptantha Coastal sand-verbena Coastal sneezeweed Coastal woodfern Cobra lily Cobwebby thistle Cook's lomatium Common agrimony Common star lily Copperbush Creamcups Cream stonecrop Crimson columbine Crown brodiaea Cusick's giant hyssop Cusick's stickweed Daggerpod Davy mannagrass Deer fern Del Norte pea Desert Indian paintbrush Douglas-fir Douglas iris Douglas' silverpuffs Douglas' stitchwort Douglas' violet Downy pincushionplant Dusky onion Dutchman's breeches Dwarf ceanothus Dwarf Oregon-grape Eelgrass Elegant brodiaea Engelmann spruce English sundew Evergreen huckleberry False lily-of-the-valley False Solomon seal Firecracker flower Forest clover Frigid shooting star Fringecup Gambel's dwarf milkvetch Giant blazingstar Giant chain fern Giant purple wakerobin Glandular yellow phacelia Goldeneggs Goldenfleece Golden inside-out flower Gorman's buttercup Grand fir Gray chickensage Gray's biscuitroot Gray's catchfly Grants Pass willowherb Grasswidows Greene's popcornflower Ground rose Grouseberry Hardhack Hasse's vetch Henderson's angelica Hollyleaf pincushionplant Horsetail, scouring rush horsetail Howell's saxifrage Huckleberry oak Hupa gooseberry Idaho trillium, round leaf trillium Incense-cedar mistletoe Indian celery Indian pipe Indian warrior Jaumea Jaynes Canyon buckwheat Juniper Juniper mistletoe Kalmiopsis Kellogg's monkeyflower Kellogg's umbrellawort Kincaid's lupine Kinnikinnick Klamath fawn lily Klamath sedge Lady fern Leafy fleabane Leiberg's clover Lewis' mock-orange Licorice fern Little false Solomon seal MacFarlane's four-o'clock Madrone Maidenhair fern Malheur wirelettuce Manzanita Mapleleaf checkerbloom Marigold pincushionplant Marsh violet Mendocino gentian Miner's lettuce Mojave pincushion Mountain pride Naked mariposa lily Nakedsteam phacelia Narrowpetal wakerobin Nevada bluegrass Nevada lupine Nootka reedgrass Nootka rose North Umpqua kalmiopsis Notchleaf clover Ocean spray Oregon false goldenaster Oregon iris Oregon-grape Oregon manroot Oregon mock-orange Oregon myrtle Oregon oxalis Oregon western rosinweed Oregon white oak Osoberry, Indian plum Pacific coralroot Pacific ninebark Pacific rhododendron Paper birch Parish's nightshade Piggyback plant Pinemat manzanita Pink honeysuckle Pink spineflower Pinto violet Playa phacelia Poison oak Lemon balm Ponderosa pine Port Orford cedar Prettyface Prostrate buckwheat Pygmy rose Radishroot woodsorrel Rayless ragwort Red alder Red clintonia Red flowering currant Red huckleberry Redwood pea Roseflower stonecrop Red osier dogwood Ribbed fringepod Round-leaved sundew Royal rein orchid Rusty popcornflower Sagebrush Salal Salmonberry Salmon polemonium Sanborn's onion San Diego raspberry Serpentine arnica Serviceberry Shadscale Shaggy hawkweed Shasta knotweed Sheldon's sedge Shieldleaf Shore pine Shorthair reedgrass Short-podded thelypody Sierra gooseberry Sierra willow Silky horkelia Silver lupine Silver sagebrush Siskiyou bluecurls Siskiyou false hellebore Siskiyou fleabane Siskiyou fritillary Siskiyou lewisia Siskiyou mariposa lily Snowberry Snow plant Splithair Indian paintbrush Spring draba Spurry buckwheat Stemless dwarf cudweed Sticky currant Sticky monkeyflower Stingining phacelia Swamp rose Sword fern Thimbleberry Torrey's blue-eyed Mary Traili

Wild ginger

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaumualii

Kaumualii

Unification

Kaumualii / Unification

English: Mahiole of King Kaumualii of Hawaii. Printed in colors by Löwy, of Vienna, from a negative by the author.

Kaumualiʻi was the last independent aliʻi nui of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau before becoming a vassal of Kamehameha I within the unified Kingdom of Hawaiʻi in 1810. He was the 23rd high chief of Kauaʻi and reigned from 1794–1810. Although he was sometimes known as George Kaumualiʻi, he should not be confused with his son, who is more commonly known by that name. In Hanama'ulu, the King Kaumuali'i Elementary School is named after Kauai's last reigning chief.

Kauaʻi and Niʻihau had eluded Kamehameha's control since he first tried to add them to his kingdom in 1796, a year after Kaumualiʻi became king. At that time, the governor of the Island of Hawai'i led a rebellion against Kamehameha forcing him to return home. Kamehameha tried again in 1803, but disease ravaged his armies, and he called a retreat to heal his men and work on his strategy. Over the next years, Kamehameha amassed the largest armada Hawaiʻi had ever seen: foreign-built schooners and massive war canoes armed with cannons to carry his vast army. Kaumualiʻi decided to negotiate a peaceful resolution rather than resort to bloodshed. The move was supported by Kamehameha as well as the people of Kauaʻi and the foreign sandalwood merchants on the island, whose trade was hurt by the constant feuding. In 1810, Kaumualiʻi became Kamehameha's vassal, and all the islands were united for the first time. Kaumualiʻi continued to serve as Kamehameha's governor of Kauaʻi. In 1815, a ship from the Russian-American Company the Bering was wrecked on Kaua'i. Another ship, the Isabella was dispatched by RAC Governor Alexander Andreyevich Baranov to retrieve the cargo from the Bering. In 1816, an agreement was signed by Kaumualiʻi to grant Dr. Georg Anton Schäffer and his Russian crew to build the forts Alexander and Barclay-de-Tolly. The Hawaiian fort, Pa'ula'ula o Hipo, in later decades was renamed Fort Elizabeth and attributed to the Russians. Construction was begun in 1817 but, by fall of that year, the Russians were expelled. In 1817, Kaumuali'i married Kekaihaʻakūlou who became known as Deborah Kapule. Kamehameha I died in 1819, and the Hawaiians grew fearful that Kaumualiʻi would sever Kauaʻi's relationship with the united Hawaiʻi. Kamehameha's widow, Kaʻahumanu, was the effective political force in the kingdom. On September 16, 1821, the new young King Kamehameha II arrived and invited Kaumualiʻi aboard his ship. That night, they sailed away to Honolulu, where Kaumualiʻi was effectively under house arrest. To make the domination clear, Kaʻahumanu forced him to marry her to ensure the island chain's stable union. They remained officially married until his death on May 26, 1824, but had no children. By his wishes, his body was taken to Mau'i, and buried next to Queen Keōpūolani at the tomb of Hale Kamani. Kaumualiʻi was popular among both his people and foreigners who visited and worked on his islands. Captain George Vancouver, who had given the young king a flock of sheep as a gift in 1792, was thanked with a lavish banquet and described his host glowingly. Kaumualiʻi was described as handsome, likeable, and courteous, as well as a capable leader. Upon his death, he was sincerely mourned by the people of Kauaʻi.

Mahiole of Kaumualiʻi, currently at the Bishop Museum.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giurgiu_Clocktower

Giurgiu Clocktower

Giurgiu Clocktower

English: Historic image of the Giurgiu Clocktower

The Giurgiu Clocktower is a Historic Monument located in the City of Giurgiu, Romania. It has been designated by the Romanian Ministry of Culture and National Patrimony as monument of national importance. The city of Girgiu is located on the Danube river near the Bulgarian border. The city's location on the river made it a strategic asset for the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans started construction of the tower in 1770 and completed construction in 1771. Its initial purpose was to function as a military watchtower used for surveillance over the city and the river. It was later used as a lookout for fire prevention, similar to the guet royal and guet bourgeois established in France, which lasted until the 18th century. After the Ottoman Empire lost control of the area, the tower underwent several modifications becoming what is known today as the Giurgiu Clocktower. The monument is the symbol of the City of Giurgiu as well as a symbol of Giurgiu County, located on the official county emblem.

The Giurgiu Clocktower (Romanian: Turnul Ceasornicului; Turkish: Yergöğü Saat Külesi) is a Historic Monument located in the City of Giurgiu, Romania. It has been designated by the Romanian Ministry of Culture and National Patrimony as monument of national importance. The city of Girgiu is located on the Danube river near the Bulgarian border. The city's location on the river made it a strategic asset for the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans started construction of the tower in 1770 and completed construction in 1771. Its initial purpose was to function as a military watchtower used for surveillance over the city and the river. It was later used as a lookout for fire prevention, similar to the guet royal and guet bourgeois ("burgess watch") established in France, which lasted until the 18th century. After the Ottoman Empire lost control of the area, the tower underwent several modifications becoming what is known today as the Giurgiu Clocktower. The monument is the symbol of the City of Giurgiu as well as a symbol of Giurgiu County, located on the official county emblem.

Historic Image of Giurgiu Clocktower

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate_410

Interstate 410

Route description

Interstate 410 / Route description

English: Interstate 410 near 281 in San Antonio, Texas

Interstate 410 is a loop route of Interstate 10 around San Antonio, Texas. It is identified as Connally Loop in honor of former Texas governor John Connally.

Interstate 410 circumnavigates the city of San Antonio, officially beginning and ending at the junction with Interstate 35 on the southwest side of the loop. There are vast differences between the northern arc and southern arc of the loop. The northern arc serves the heavily urbanized portions of San Antonio and is currently being upgraded to as many as five lanes in each direction. The southern arc resembles more of a rural interstate as it transverses for the most part undeveloped portions of San Antonio as a two lane interstate. I-410 intersects I-10 twice, I-35 twice, I-37 once, as well as U.S. Highway 90, US 281, and State Highway 151, all freeways in the San Antonio metro area with the exception of Loop 1604, which forms a secondary loop around the city, and PA 1502 (Wurzbach Parkway), which is located about 2 miles outside the loop on the north side. I-410 serves San Antonio International Airport, Lackland AFB, Fort Sam Houston, South Texas Medical Center, Southwest Research Institute, and Toyota Motor Manufacturing Texas.

410 near the 410/281 Interchange in Uptown San Antonio

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/410near281.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Companions_of_the_Liberation

List of Companions of the Liberation

List of Companions of the Liberation

This is a List of the Companions of the Liberation, which consist of people, communities and military units that have been awarded the Ordre de la Libération. 1038 people, 5 cities, and 18 military units have been awarded Compagnons de la Libération. Amongst the 1038 Compagnons, 271 have been awarded posthumously, 60 were not French at the time they were awarded and six are women.

This is a List of the Companions of the Liberation, which consist of people, communities and military units that have been awarded the Ordre de la Libération. 1038 people, 5 cities, and 18 military units have been awarded Compagnons de la Libération. Amongst the 1038 Compagnons, 271 have been awarded posthumously, 60 were not French at the time they were awarded and six are women.

Ordre de la Libération commemorative plaque in the Musée de l'armée

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Ordre-de-la-liberation-IMG_0934.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbit_Hill_Historic_District

Rabbit Hill Historic District

Rabbit Hill Historic District

English: Medway No. 1, West Medway Massachusetts This is an image of a place or building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the United States of America. Its reference number is 88000224 More images

The Rabbit Hill Historic District is a historic district roughly bounded by Highland, Main, Franklin, and Milford Streets in Medway, Massachusetts. It encompasses about 40 acres and much of a 19th-century village that developed around the Second Congregation Church, and industrial facilities that developed along the Charles River just outside the district. Most of the residential properties in the district are Federal or Greek Revival in character. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

The Rabbit Hill Historic District is a historic district roughly bounded by Highland, Main, Franklin, and Milford Streets in Medway, Massachusetts. It encompasses about 40 acres (16 ha) and much of a 19th-century village that developed around the Second Congregation Church (now the West Medway Community Church), and industrial facilities that developed along the Charles River just outside the district. Most of the residential properties in the district are Federal or Greek Revival in character. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Medway No. 1

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Museum,_London

Science Museum, London

Informal Learning

Science Museum, London / Informal Learning

English: Watt's beam engine Old Bess, dating from 1777 and built by Boulton and Watt

The Science Museum is a major museum on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, London. It was founded in 1857 and today is one of the city's major tourist attractions, attracting 3.3 million visitors annually. Like other publicly funded national museums in the United Kingdom, the Science Museum does not charge visitors for admission, although visitors are asked for a donation if they are able. Temporary exhibitions may incur an admission fee. It is part of the Science Museum Group, having merged with the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester in 2012.

Around 450,000 young people visit the Science Museum on educational trips or benefit from its outreach programmes each year, more than any other UK museum.

Old Bess, A surviving example of a steam engine made by James Watt, in 1777.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_name_%22Palestine%22

Timeline of the name "Palestine"

Timeline of the name "Palestine"

English: Frontispiece of Adriaan Reland's Palaestina ex monumentis veteribus illustrata

" The term "Peleset" is found in five inscriptions referring to a neighboring people or land starting from circa 1150 BC during the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt. The first known mention is at the temple at Medinet Habu which refers to the Peleset among those who fought with Egypt in Ramesses III's reign, and the last known is 300 years later on Padiiset's Statue. The Assyrians called the same region "Palashtu/Palastu" or "Pilistu," beginning with Adad-nirari III in the Nimrud Slab in c. 800 BC through to an Esarhaddon treaty more than a century later. Neither the Egyptian nor the Assyrian sources provided clear regional boundaries for the term. The first appearance of the term "Palestine" was in 5th century BC Ancient Greece when Herodotus wrote of a "district of Syria, called Palaistinê" between Phoenicia and Egypt in The Histories. Herodotus applied the term to both the coastal and the inland regions such as the Judean mountains and the Jordan Rift Valley.

This article presents a list of notable historical references to the name Palestine as a place name in the Middle East throughout the history of the region, including its cognates such as "Filastin" and "Palaestina." The term "Peleset" (transliterated from hieroglyphs as P-r-s-t) is found in five inscriptions referring to a neighboring people or land starting from circa 1150 BC during the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt. The first known mention is at the temple at Medinet Habu which refers to the Peleset among those who fought with Egypt in Ramesses III's reign, and the last known is 300 years later on Padiiset's Statue. The Assyrians called the same region "Palashtu/Palastu" or "Pilistu," beginning with Adad-nirari III in the Nimrud Slab in c. 800 BC through to an Esarhaddon treaty more than a century later. Neither the Egyptian nor the Assyrian sources provided clear regional boundaries for the term. The first appearance of the term "Palestine" was in 5th century BC Ancient Greece when Herodotus wrote of a "district of Syria, called Palaistinê" between Phoenicia and Egypt in The Histories. Herodotus applied the term to both the coastal and the inland regions such as the Judean mountains and the Jordan Rift Valley. Later Greek writers such as Aristotle, Polemon and Pausanias also used the word, which was followed by Roman writers such as Ovid, Tibullus, Pomponius Mela, Pliny the Elder, Dio Chrysostom, Statius, Plutarch as well as Roman Judean writers Philo of Alexandria and Josephus. The word is not found on any Hellenistic coin or inscription, and is first known in official use in the early second century AD. It has been contended that in the first century authors still associated the term with the southern coastal region. In 135 AD, the Greek "Syria Palaestina" was used in naming a new Roman province from the merger of Roman Syria and Roman Judaea after the Roman authorities crushed the Bar Kokhba Revolt. Circumstantial evidence links Hadrian to the renaming of the province, which took place around the same time as Jerusalem was refounded as Aelia Capitolina, but the precise date of the change in province name is uncertain. The common view that the name change was intended to "sever the connection of the Jews to their historical homeland" is disputed. Around the year 390, during the Byzantine period, the imperial province of Syria Palaestina was reorganized into Palaestina Prima, Palaestina Secunda and Palaestina Salutaris. Following the Muslim conquest, place names that were in use by the Byzantine administration generally continued to be used in Arabic. The use of the name "Palestine" became common in Early Modern English, was used in English and Arabic during the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem. In the 20th century the name was used by the British to refer to "Mandatory Palestine," a territory from the former Ottoman Empire which had been divided in the Sykes–Picot Agreement and secured by Britain via the Mandate for Palestine obtained from the League of Nations. Starting from 2013, the term was officially used in the eponymous "State of Palestine." Both incorporated geographic regions from the land commonly known as Palestine, into a new state whose territory was named Palestine.

Adriaan Reland's 1712 Palaestina ex Monumentis Veteribus Illustrata (Palestine's Ancient Monuments Illustrated) contains an early description and timeline of the historical references to the name "Palestine."[1]

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_climbing_terms

Glossary of climbing terms

R

Glossary of climbing terms / R

English: A photo of a RURP (Realized Ultimate Reality Piton), invented by rock climbers Tom Frost and Yvon Chouinard

This glossary of climbing terms is a list of definitions of terms and jargon related to rock climbing and mountaineering. The specific terms used can vary considerably between different English-speaking countries; many of the phrases described here are particular to the United States and the United Kingdom.

rack 1.  The set of equipment carried up a climb. 2.  The part of a harness (consisting of several plastic loops) where equipment is hung, ready to be used. 3.  A type of descender consisting of bars mounted on a "U"-shaped chassis. rappel The process by which a climber descends a fixed rope using a friction device. RB A removable bolt, similar in concept to a sliding nut, but shaped to fit into a drilled hole. rebolting The replacement of bolts on an existing climb. redpoint Free climbing by leading after having practiced the route beforehand (either by hangdogging or top roping). See also clean and pinkpoint. rest step An energy-saving climbing technique where the unweighted (uphill) leg is rested between each forward step, sometimes by "locking" the knee of the rear leg. retro-bolting The addition of bolts to an existing climb which has already been ascended using natural protection. rodeo clipping To clip into the first piece of protection from the ground by swinging a loop of rope so that it is caught by a carabiner. This can only be done when the first piece of gear is already placed. roof A steep overhang which transitions sharply into shallower climbing often blocking direct sight of the feet causing the climber to find footholds blindly. rope jumping Jumping from objects using rock climbing equipment. rope team A team of mountaineers or climbers joined together by a safety rope. rose An extreme cross-through reach in which the crossing arm goes behind the other arm and is so far extended that the body is forced to twist until it ends up facing away from the rock. It was introduced by Antoine Le Menestrel, who used it to climb a route in Buoux, called La rose et le vampire. RP A small nut, named after Roland Pauligk. Not certified for sale in Europe. runner 1.  In the US, a sling made of nylon and nylon/blend materials, used by climbers for a multitude of purposes. 2.  In the UK, any item of gear placed by the lead climber to reduce the length of a fall. Also called a running belay. runout 1.  A long portion of a route with minimal protection. 2.  A lengthy distance between two points of protection which in some, but not all, cases might be perceived as frightening or dangerous. May also be used as an adjective to describe a route or a section of a route. RURP A miniature, postage stamp-sized piton originally designed by Yvon Chouinard. An acronym for realized ultimate reality piton.

RURP

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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goatwhore

Goatwhore

Goatwhore

w:Goatwhore at SXSW 2013

Goatwhore is an American blackened death metal band from New Orleans, Louisiana. The band has currently has four members. The members are Sammy Duet, Louis Benjamin Falgoust II, Zack Simmons, and James Harvey. Lead singer Louis Benjamin Falgoust II describes where the band sits in the many subgenres of metal: "Whatever terms people decide to lock us into— black metal, death metal, black death metal, everyone's gotta have some kind of little blanket. It's almost like a social standing. To me, it's all just straight heavy metal."

Goatwhore is an American blackened death metal band from New Orleans, Louisiana. The band has currently has four members. The members are Sammy Duet, Louis Benjamin Falgoust II, Zack Simmons, and James Harvey. Lead singer Louis Benjamin Falgoust II describes where the band sits in the many subgenres of metal: "Whatever terms people decide to lock us into— black metal, death metal, black death metal, everyone's gotta have some kind of little blanket. It's almost like a social standing. To me, it's all just straight heavy metal."

Goatwhore performing at South by Southwest in 2013

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laguian-Mazous

Laguian-Mazous

Geography

Laguian-Mazous / Geography

Map commune FR insee code 32181.png

Laguian-Mazous is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.

Laguian-Mazous and its surrounding communes

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Map_commune_FR_insee_code_32181.png

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puydaniel

Puydaniel

Puydaniel

Français : Mairie de Puydaniel

The town hall in Puydaniel

Puydaniel is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Puydaniel is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

The town hall in Puydaniel

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonah_Kapena

Jonah Kapena

Death and burial

Jonah Kapena / Death and burial

English: Grave marker for Kupuna Kapena, d. 1868, in Kawaiaha‘o Church cemetery, Honolulu, Hawaii

Jonah Kapena, also spelled Iona Kapena, was a royal advisor and statesman in the Kingdom of Hawaii who helped draft the 1840 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii. In addition to his legislative career as a member of the House of Nobles, he also served as a judge and became an assistant judge of Hawaii's first Supreme Court.

On March 12, 1868, Kapena died in Honolulu at his residence in the Nuuanu Valley. Kapena had become an invalid in the last years of his life which prevented him from performing any governmental duties. In 1868, the Hawaiian Gazette wrote of Kapena's legacy; Judge Kapena, the last rites to whose memory, have just been performed, was a man whose character stood unblemished in this nation, and whose abilities, in the various positions of life, by him occupied, were conspicuous. In his official and social relation he was admired and beloved by the Hawaiian people. and his good name will be cherished not only by his family, but by a large circle of friends. His funeral at Kawaiahaʻo Church was attended by friends, family, members of the Legislature, and the Chamberlain, who represented the King. The church was packed with mourners. The funeral service was conducted by Henry H. Parker, a reverend of Kawaiahaʻo Church, with assistance from George Washington Pilipō of Kaumakapili Church. Parker's discourse, which was in Hawaiian, gave a brief sketch of Kapena's life, and held him up as an example for his countrymen to follow. After the service, Kapena's coffin was placed in a newly constructed tomb or vault in the churchyard. His grave marker reads "Kupuna Kapena 1868." John Mākini Kapena and his wife Emma Aʻalailoa Malo Kapena were also buried in the Kapena family plot. Other relatives interred there include Umiuimi, David Kalu and Kahoihoi Pahu.

Grave marker for Kapena in the Kawaiahaʻo Cemetery

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioan_Dicezare

Ioan Dicezare

Ioan Dicezare

English: Ioan Dicezare awarded with the en:Order of Michael the Brave, Mariupol, August 30, 1943 Română: Ioan Dicezare decorat cu ro:Ordinul Mihai Viteazul Mariupol, 30 august 1943

Ioan Dicezare was a leading Romanian fighter pilot and flying ace in World War II. He was born and died in Bucharest. On April 22, 1943 Dicezare engaged a Soviet bomber formation and shot down one A-20 Boston, which fell behind Axis lines. He then returned to the airfield and took the group's liaison Bf-108 Taifun. He landed near the crash site and took the pilot and the observer prisoner. In over 500 combat operations He was credited with 16 confirmed victories in aerial combat. Dicezare died August 10, 2012, 2 days before his 96th birthday. He was the last survivor of ”Grupul 7 Vânătoare” pilots who managed to escape the Stalingrad encirclement.

Ioan Dicezare (August 12, 1916 in Bucharest – August 10, 2012 in Bucharest) was a leading Romanian fighter pilot and flying ace in World War II. He was born and died in Bucharest. On April 22, 1943 Dicezare engaged a Soviet bomber formation and shot down one A-20 Boston, which fell behind Axis lines. He then returned to the airfield and took the group's liaison Bf-108 Taifun. He landed near the crash site and took the pilot and the observer prisoner. In over 500 combat operations He was credited with 16 confirmed victories (and 3 probable) in aerial combat. Dicezare died August 10, 2012, 2 days before his 96th birthday. He was the last survivor of ”Grupul 7 Vânătoare” pilots who managed to escape the Stalingrad encirclement.

2nd lt. Ioan Dicezare, 1943

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Eagle_(R05)

HMS Eagle (R05)

Refit

HMS Eagle (R05) / Service / Refit

A Buccaneer landing on HMS Eagle - I think it was taken around 1971

HMS Eagle was an Audacious-class aircraft carrier of the Royal Navy, in service 1951–1972. Until the arrival of the Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carriers in the 21st century, she was one of the two largest Royal Navy aircraft carriers ever built. She was laid down on 24 October 1942 at Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast as one of four ships of the Audacious class. These were laid down during World War II as part of the British naval buildup during that conflict. Two were cancelled at the end of hostilities, and the remaining two were suspended. Originally designated Audacious, she was renamed as Eagle, taking the name of the cancelled third ship of the class on 21 January 1946. She was finally launched by Princess Elizabeth on 19 March 1946. Although Eagle was commissioned in October 1951 without an angled flight deck, one was added three years later. In 1952 she took part in the first large NATO naval exercise, Exercise Mainbrace.

In early 1966 Eagle was refitted at Devonport once more and was fitted with a single DAX II arrestor wire (no.3, her other wires were DAX I). She was recommissioned in 1967. Eagle was originally intended to receive a further refit that would have enabled her to comfortably operate the McDonnell Douglas Phantom (she had already successfully operated them in trials). Her two BS5 catapults fitted in her 1959–64 refit were already powerful enough to launch fully laden F-4s, but her Jet Blast Deflectors were still of the older steel plate design, and the reheated exhaust of the Phantom's Rolls Royce Spey engines required water-cooled deflector plates. It was also planned to fit bridle catchers to the catapults as a cost-saving measure, as the bridles would otherwise be lost after a single launch. During the Phantom FG1 trials (involving three newly delivered aircraft operated by 700P NAS) the longer waist catapult was used, and a thick steel plate was chained to the deck behind the catapult to absorb the heat of the Phantom's afterburners. The JBD was not used as it would have been damaged, and after each launch fire hoses sprayed water on the deck plate to cool it down before the next aircraft could be loaded onto the catapult. While fitting adequate blast deflectors and other minor changes for Phantom operation were estimated to cost no more than £5 million in 1968, refitting the ship to operate with a modern airgroup of Phantoms into the late 1970s was clearly going to cost much more, and the new Conservative government in 1970 confirmed plans to convert Hermes to a Commando carrier and withdraw Eagle. In February 1972, the Secretary of State for Defence, Lord Carrington, estimated refitting Eagle to operate Phantoms would cost £25–30 million, and the overall manpower and cost requirements of operating two large strike carriers were beyond Britain, particularly as Ark Royal was expected to serve to the end of the 1970s with only two short refits. To preserve Eagle in maintained or unmaintained reserve would require refits, estimated at around £4 million, every 3–4 years, and maintenance crew of 350–400 Navy personnel for 1.5-2 million pounds a year. Reactivation would take four and a half months to a year, while maintaining a Sea Vixen squadron was unjustified expense for aircraft that were obsolete. The refit of Ark Royal cost £32 million to allow operations of a fully modern airwing, though it was generally accepted that even after her return to service she considered to be in a significantly worse overall material state in comparison to Eagle. Of the 48 Phantom FG1s ordered for the FAA, 20 were diverted to the RAF equipping 43 Sqn, though some were loaned back to the Navy to equip the Phantom FG1 training unit 767 NAS which trained both RN and RAF Phantom crews until it was disbanded in 1972.

Blackburn Buccaneer landing on Eagle, c.1971

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vic_Fazio_Yolo_Wildlife_Area

Vic Fazio Yolo Wildlife Area

Vic Fazio Yolo Wildlife Area

English: A Red-winged Blackbird in flight in the Vic Fazio Yolo Wildlife Area, outside of Davis, California.

The Vic Fazio Yolo Wildlife Area is a 3,700 acres wetland restoration project constructed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Ducks Unlimited within the Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area located in the Yolo Bypass in Yolo County, California, between the cities of Sacramento and Davis. The Yolo Causeway, part of Interstate 80, runs through it. The restoration was named for Congressman Vic Fazio, who lobbied for the project and was instrumental in appropriating funds for the initial construction. The Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area was dedicated in 1997 by President Bill Clinton. The facility is managed by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife while the educational programs and public tours are administered by the Yolo Basin Foundation, which works to educate and inform the public. In 2001, the Wildlife Area expanded to over 16,000 acres through the acquisition of the Glide and Los Rios properties. Since this time, extensive wetland enhancement and restoration projects have proceeded rapidly. The Department of Fish and Wildlife has incorporated agriculture into the management of the property to generate operating income and to provide wildlife habitat.

The Vic Fazio Yolo Wildlife Area is a 3,700 acres (15 km²) wetland restoration project constructed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Ducks Unlimited within the Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area located in the Yolo Bypass in Yolo County, California, between the cities of Sacramento and Davis. The Yolo Causeway, part of Interstate 80, runs through it. The restoration was named for Congressman Vic Fazio, who lobbied for the project and was instrumental in appropriating funds for the initial construction. The Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area was dedicated in 1997 by President Bill Clinton. The facility is managed by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife while the educational programs and public tours are administered by the Yolo Basin Foundation, which works to educate and inform the public. In 2001, the Wildlife Area expanded to over 16,000 acres (65 km²) through the acquisition of the Glide and Los Rios properties. Since this time, extensive wetland enhancement and restoration projects have proceeded rapidly. The Department of Fish and Wildlife has incorporated agriculture into the management of the property to generate operating income and to provide wildlife habitat. The floodplain that makes up the Yolo Bypass receives water from the Sacramento River and provides an Important Bird Area of the Pacific Flyway for an impressive variety of waterfowl. Unless the area is impassable due to normal seasonal flooding, a dirt and gravel road is open to the public for driving and walking tours, and a docent-led tour is given once per month.

A Red-Winged Blackbird in flight at the Vic Fazio Wildlife Area.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcio_Takara

Marcio Takara

Marcio Takara

English: Comics creator Marcio Takara during an October 16, 2011 appearance at the New York Comic Con in Manhattan. This photo was created by Luigi Novi. It is not in the public domain, and use of this file outside of the licensing terms is a copyright violation. If you would like to use this image outside of the Wikimedia projects, you may do so, only if I am properly credited, either by linking the photograph to this page, or with an easily visible credit placed near the photo in each instance in which it is used. Please credit authorship as follows:  © Luigi Novi / Wikimedia Commons. Please maintain the original file name in all uses. You can see a gallery of some of my other photos here. If you have any questions, you can contact me by sending me an email or leaving a note at the bottom of my talk page.

Marcio Takara is a comic book artist known for his work on books such as Incorruptible, The Incredibles: Family Matters and Dynamo 5.

Marcio Takara is a comic book artist known for his work on books such as Incorruptible, The Incredibles: Family Matters and Dynamo 5.

Takara at the 2011 New York Comic Con

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/10.16.11MarcioTakaraByLuigiNovi1.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dali_Jazi

Dali Jazi

Dali Jazi

Tunisian defense minister Dali Jazi

Dali Jazi was a Tunisian politician, jurist, and political scientist. He studied at Panthéon-Assas University. He served variously as minister of defense, minister with responsibility for human rights, minister of health, and minister of higher education, under president Zine el-Abidine ben Ali.

Dali Jazi (Arabic: الدالي الجازي / ALA-LC: ad-Dālī al-Jāzī; December 7, 1942 – March 9, 2007) was a Tunisian politician, jurist, and political scientist. He studied at Panthéon-Assas University. He served variously as minister of defense, minister with responsibility for human rights, minister of health, and minister of higher education, under president Zine el-Abidine ben Ali.

Dali Jazi

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_Brit_Awards

1991 Brit Awards

Multiple nominations and awards

1991 Brit Awards / Multiple nominations and awards

English: George Michael performing on The Summit stage in Houston (Texas, USA) during the Faith World Tour in 1988. Français : George Michael en concert au Summit de Houston (Texas, États-Unis) pendant le Faith World Tour en 1988.

The 1991 Brit Awards were the 11th edition of the biggest annual pop music awards in the United Kingdom. They are run by the British Phonographic Industry and took place on 10 February 1991 at Dominion Theatre in London.

The following artists received multiple awards and/or nominations.

British Album of the Year winner George Michael

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainz_carnival

Mainz carnival

Theme and characters

Mainz carnival / Theme and characters

Mainzer Fastnacht: "Rosenmontagszugs-Ente" am Rosenmontag 2004.

The Mainz Carnival is a months-long citywide carnival celebration in Mainz, Germany that traditionally begins on 11 November but culminates in the days before Ash Wednesday in the spring. It is one of the largest carnival events in Germany and, along with the Cologne and Düsseldorfer carnivals, Mainz is one of the three cities prominent in the rhenish carnival tradition. Aside from the celebrations, parades, and jollity which are typical of carnival traditions in many countries, the Mainz carnival has an unusual emphasis on political and literary humor and commentary.

Traditionally, carnival season in Mainz begins on November 11 at 11:11, and continues through Ash Wednesday. However, the event peaks in February or March in the days leading up to Ash Wednesday. During the 19th century celebrants began using the carnival as an opportunity to mock the military forces occupying the city's fortress. The uniforms of the carnival guards are still reminders of the uniforms of the Austrian, Prussian, and French troops which were present in the town between 1792 and 1866. Others, like the Landsknecht uniform of the Weisenauer Burggrafengarde trace their lineage as far back as the middle-ages. Uniform parts of the electoral troops are also present. The guards, who spoof military habits and oaths, have a big role in the street carnival, making up large portions of the parades. The Mainzer Rosenmontagszug is highly renowned among the parades. It had been recorded since 1910 on film, and is often broadcast live nationwide. It is less formal than many parades, as celebrants can and often do join in to walk the parade route for a brief time. Marchers are often very informal about their roles, sometimes drinking beer as they ride parade floats. Political commentary and caricature have become a notable part of the Mainz carnival, and especially of its parades. For example, floats during one parade in the late 1980s showed Uncle Sam and a Russian soldier climbing out of suits of armor, and portrayed Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev in a bathtub. The battle cry of the Mainz carnival, Helau, originates from Düsseldorf and was introduced in 1938 in Mainz.

A carnival float intended to come near the end of the parade that plays on the German words for closing (Ende) and duck (Ente)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Sultans_of_Banten

List of Sultans of Banten

List of Sultans of Banten

List of Sultans of Banten / List of Sultans of Banten

English: Maulana Hasanuddin was the first sultan of the Sultanate of Banten. Together with his father, Sunan Gunungjati, Hasanuddin founded the Sultanate of Banten on the western tip of Java Island. Bahasa Indonesia: Maulana Hasanuddin adalah seorang sultan pertama Kesultanan Banten. Bersama ayahnya, Sunan Gunung Jati, Hasanuddin mendirikan Kesultanan Banten di ujung barat Pulau Jawa.

The Sultan of Banten was the ruler of Banten Sultanate in the province of Banten, Indonesia, which had triumphed at the western tip of Java island.

Syarif Hidayatullah or Sunan Gunung Jati from Sultanate of Cirebon Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin or Prince Sabakinking 1552–1570 Sultan Maulana Yusuf or Prince Pasareyan 1570–1585 Sultan Maulana Muhammad or Prince Sedangrana 1585–1596 Sultan Abu al-Mafakhir Mahmud Abdulkadir atau Pangeran Ratu 1596–1647 Sultan Abu al-Ma'ali Ahmad 1647–1651 Sultan Abu al-Fath Abdul Fattah or Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa 1651–1683 Sultan Abu Nashar Abdul Qahar or Sultan Haji 1683–1687 Sultan Abu Fadhl Muhammad Yahya 1687–1690 Sultan Abu al-Mahasin Muhammad Zainul Abidin 1690–1733 Sultan Abu al-Fathi Muhammad Syifa Zainul Arifin 1733–1750 Sultan Syarifuddin Ratu Wakil, in effect Ratu Syarifah Fatimah 1750–1752 Sultan Abu al-Ma'ali Muhammad Wasi Zainal Alimin atau Pangeran Arya Adisantika 1752–1753 Sultan Arif Zainul Asyiqin al-Qadiri 1753–1773 Sultan Abu al-Mafakhir Muhammad Aliuddin 1773–1799 Sultan Abu al-Fath Muhammad Muhyiddin Zainussalihin 1799–1801 Sultan Abu al-Nashar Muhammad Ishaq Zainulmutaqin 1801–1802 Caretaker Sultan Wakil Pangeran Natawijaya 1802–1803 Sultan Abu al-Mafakhir Muhammad Aliyuddin II 1803–1808 Caretaker Sultan Wakil Pangeran Suramenggala 1808–1809 Sultan Muhammad ibn Muhammad Muhyiddin Zainussalihin 1809–1813 Sultan Syarif Muhammad ash-Shafiuddin or Ratu Bagus Hendra Bambang Wisanggeni Soerjaatmadja 2016–now

Maulana Hasanuddin, first ruler of Banten Sultanate

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandvagn_206

Bandvagn 206

Operators

Bandvagn 206 / Operators

English: Map of Bandvagn 206 operators in blue

Bandvagn 206 is a tracked articulated, all-terrain carrier developed by Hägglunds for the Swedish Army. It consists of two units, with all four tracks powered. It can carry up to 17 people, and the trailer unit can be adapted for different uses.

Map of Bandvagn 206 operators in blue

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M54_5-ton_6x6_truck

M54 5-ton 6x6 truck

M328 Bridge Transporting Stake Truck

M54 5-ton 6x6 truck / Models / M328 Bridge Transporting Stake Truck

English: Right back side M328 bridge transporting truck

The M54 5-ton 6×6 truck was the basic cargo model of the M39 Series truck. It was designed to transport a 10,000 lb, 14-foot-long cargo load off-road in all weather. In on-road service the load weight was doubled. The M54 was the primary heavy cargo truck of the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine forces during the Vietnam War, and was also used by the U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, and ARVN forces. The M39 Series began to be replaced by the M809 series in 1970, followed by the M939 series in 1982, but continues to serve in other nations' armed forces around the world.

The M328 had a stake body 20 ft (6.1 m) long by 7 ft (2.1 m) wide for carrying bridging equipment and components. They had a roller on the rear to help unloading and small winches on the side to secure cargo. The stake sides could be removed to carry oversize loads. The largest tires in the series, 14.00x20, were used with dual rear tires.

M328 Bridge Transporting Stake Truck

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Olympic_medalists_in_badminton

List of Olympic medalists in badminton

List of Olympic medalists in badminton

English: Lin Dan Bân-lâm-gú: Lîm Tan. 林丹

Badminton is a sport contested at the Summer Olympic Games. Badminton was first held as a demonstration sport at the 1972 Summer Olympics, and was an exhibition sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics; the men's and women's singles and doubles have been held at every Summer Olympics since the 1992 Summer Olympics. The mixed doubles badminton tournament started in the 1996 Summer Olympics. The Badminton World Federation rankings are used to determine the qualification of the players for the tournament. In the 2008 Summer Olympics, each singles tournament had 38 competitors, while each doubles tournament had 16 pairs. All players or pairs from the top 16 places on the BWF rankings automatically qualify, although each National Olympic Committee can send less than three players or pairs in each tournament. The top 64 then qualify with the caveat that each NOC can send only two players/pairs from that portion of the list. Players and pairs ranked below the 64th place only qualify if they are the highest-ranked competitor from their nation. Two places each in the men's and women's singles will be determined by the International Olympic Committee Tripartite Commission.

Badminton is a sport contested at the Summer Olympic Games. Badminton was first held as a demonstration sport at the 1972 Summer Olympics, and was an exhibition sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics; the men's and women's singles and doubles have been held at every Summer Olympics since the 1992 Summer Olympics. The mixed doubles badminton tournament started in the 1996 Summer Olympics. The Badminton World Federation (BWF) rankings are used to determine the qualification of the players for the tournament. In the 2008 Summer Olympics, each singles tournament had 38 competitors, while each doubles tournament had 16 pairs. All players or pairs from the top 16 places on the BWF rankings automatically qualify, although each National Olympic Committee (NOC) can send less than three players or pairs in each tournament. The top 64 then qualify with the caveat that each NOC can send only two players/pairs from that portion of the list. Players and pairs ranked below the 64th place only qualify if they are the highest-ranked competitor from their nation. Two places each in the men's and women's singles will be determined by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Tripartite Commission. The host nation, if it has not already qualified two competitors, receives at least either two singles players or one pair. The rules used in the tournament are the same as the BWF rules. Gao Ling is the all-time leader for the most Olympic medals in badminton, with two gold, one silver, and one bronze; Fu Haifeng (two gold, one silver), Zhang Nan, Zhao Yunlei and Kim Dong-moon (two gold, one bronze) each, Gil Young-ah (one of each) and Lee Chong Wei (three silver) are second for the most medals in badminton, each with three. Fu Haifeng, Gao Ling, Ge Fei, Gu Jun, Kim Dong-moon, Lin Dan, Zhang Jun, Zhang Nan, Zhang Ning and Zhao Yunlei are the all-time leaders for the most gold medal wins, with two. In the 1992 Summer Olympics, Jalani and Razif Sidek were the first Malaysian Olympic medalists since Malaysia first participated the 1964 Summer Olympics. Mia Audina won her first silver in the 1996 Olympics representing Indonesia, but won her second silver in the 2004 Summer Olympics with the Netherlands. In the 2000 Summer Olympics, China swept the women's doubles tournament, winning all three medals, making it the only sweep in Olympic badminton history. China has been the most successful nation in badminton, winning 41 medals; 29 of them were from the women's singles and doubles and mixed doubles tournaments. Indonesia (19 medals) and South Korea (19 medals) are the only other nations to have more than eight medals. As of the 2016 Summer Olympics, 106 medals (34 gold, 34 silver, and 38 bronze) have been awarded to 130 medalists from 11 NOCs. There were four additional bronze medal winners in the 1992 Summer Olympics because no bronze medal matches were played in any of the four tournaments.

Lin Dan won consecutive golds in the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PS_Ruby_(1907)

PS Ruby (1907)

PS Ruby (1907)

English: PS Ruby, a paddle steamer, at en:Wentworth, New South Wales

PS Ruby, also known as the paddle steamer Ruby is the flagship of the historic port of Wentworth, New South Wales at the junction of the Murray and Darling Rivers. She has been restored to her early 20th-century appearance.

PS Ruby, also known as the paddle steamer Ruby is the flagship of the historic port of Wentworth, New South Wales at the junction of the Murray and Darling Rivers. She has been restored to her early 20th-century appearance.

PS Ruby

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Phi_Sigma_Kappa_brothers

List of Phi Sigma Kappa brothers

Science and research

List of Phi Sigma Kappa brothers / Science and research

portrait astronaut Daniel Brandenstein

This is a list of notable brothers of Phi Sigma Kappa men's collegiate fraternity, including those who were members of Phi Sigma Epsilon prior to the 1985 merger. See Talk page to review guidelines for inclusion.

Daniel Brandenstein, astronaut

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Adventure_of_the_Speckled_Band

The Adventure of the Speckled Band

The Adventure of the Speckled Band

Illustration of the Sherlock Holmes short story The Speckled Band, which appeared in The Strand Magazine in February, 1892. Original caption was "WHICH OF YOU IS HOLMES?"

"The Adventure of the Speckled Band" is the eighth Sherlock Holmes short story, and the tenth Holmes story overall, by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It was originally published in Strand Magazine in February 1892, with illustrations by Sidney Paget, and later as the eighth story in the collection The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. The story tells of Helen Stoner, a soon-to-be married young woman who suspects her stepfather may be trying to kill her in order to retain control of her inheritance. Convinced of her stepfather's intentions, she turns to Holmes for help. "The Speckled Band" is a classic locked room mystery that deals with the themes of parental greed, inheritance and freedom. Tinged with Gothic elements, it is considered by many to be one of Doyle's finest works, with the author himself calling it his best story. The story, alongside the rest of the Sherlock Holmes canon, has become a defining part of detective fiction. It has been adapted for television, film, theatre, radio, and a video game. It is also part of the exhibit at the Sherlock Holmes Museum.

"The Adventure of the Speckled Band" is the eighth Sherlock Holmes short story, and the tenth Holmes story overall (following the novels A Study in Scarlet and The Sign of the Four), by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It was originally published in Strand Magazine in February 1892, with illustrations by Sidney Paget, and later as the eighth story in the collection The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. The story tells of Helen Stoner, a soon-to-be married young woman who suspects her stepfather may be trying to kill her in order to retain control of her inheritance. Convinced of her stepfather's intentions, she turns to Holmes for help. "The Speckled Band" is a classic locked room mystery that deals with the themes of parental greed, inheritance and freedom. Tinged with Gothic elements, it is considered by many to be one of Doyle's finest works, with the author himself calling it his best story. The story, alongside the rest of the Sherlock Holmes canon, has become a defining part of detective fiction. It has been adapted for television, film, theatre, radio, and a video game. It is also part of the exhibit at the Sherlock Holmes Museum. The theatrical adaptation was written and produced by Doyle himself, directed by and starring Lyn Harding as Grimesby Roylott. The role of Sherlock Holmes was played by H. A. Stainsbury. Doyle famously clashed with Harding over several details of the script, but later reconciled with him after the universal success of the play.

Dr. Roylott (left) confronts Holmes and Watson 1892 illustration by Sidney Paget:

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1991%E2%80%93present)

History of Sweden (1991–present)

The Persson Era

History of Sweden (1991–present) / The Persson Era

After a period of rapid growth and unprecedented prosperity during the late 1980s, by 1990 the Swedish economy overheated, and after a controversial bill freezing salaries and banning strikes failed in the Riksdag, the social democrat government led by Prime Minister Ingvar Carlsson resigned in February 1990. At this time the respected Finance Minister Kjell-Olof Feldt left the government in protest over what he saw as irresponsible economic policies. Carlsson soon formed a new government, but by the time of the general election in September 1991 the economy was in free fall, and with rapidly rising unemployment, the social democrats received the smallest share of votes in sixty years, resulting in the loss of office to the opposition, a centre-right coalition. Around the same time a convicted murderer and bank robber known as Lasermannen shot eleven and killed one person in an attempted serial killing, which scared Swedish immigrants, whom he targeted.

The 1994 elections restored Ingvar Carlsson's Social democratic minority government. During the interregnum after the election, the car and passenger ferry M/S Estonia was lost in the Baltic Sea on September 28, killing 852 people, most Swedish, in one of the worst maritime disasters in modern history. One of the few positive events during the time was Sweden's surprise run at the FIFA World Cup 1994, which earned Team Sweden a bronze medal. Göran Persson was appointed finance minister and saddled with the difficult task of balancing the budget by aggressively cutting social programs and benefits, something most Swedes initially intensely resented, but an achievement for which he eventually came to be respected. After Carlsson's retirement in 1996, Persson replaced him, and remained in power until he lost the 2006 elections. Sweden entered the European Union in 1995 after a consultative referendum the previous year. The entry into the EU in some ways turned a page in Swedish history and could be seen as signifying the end of Swedish exceptionality and neutrality. Twentieth century Sweden often took an insular view and kept Europe and what was going on "on the continent" at an arm's length. EU membership challenged this, but a majority of the electorate is still eurosceptic, and it is unlikely that a referendum at any other time but in conjunction with a very severe recession would have yielded a positive result. The Oresund Bridge between Malmö and Copenhagen, Denmark, opened in 2000, is sometimes seen as a symbol of Sweden's stronger ties to continental Europe. During the late 1990s, the Swedish Armed Forces were severely downsized, with enlistment decreasing to 20% of all young men (from 90% at the height of the cold war), but remained present in UN peacekeeping forces, not least the Yugoslav wars, where former prime minister Carl Bildt was envoy for the EU, and later the UN. In the first half of 2001, Sweden held the rotating EU Presidency, and hosted a series of high-profile meetings and workshops, culminating in June with a summit in Gothenburg visited by George W. Bush and all the major EU heads of government - this was the first visit of a sitting US President in Sweden. This summit was an important step for the eastward expansion of the EU three years later, but the event was challenged by protesting left-wing groups rioting and attacking police downtown. A referendum in 2003, after years of uneasy discussion, lead to a resounding no to the proposed adoption of the euro. The perplexing effect on the leading political strata, many business people and the media, in all of which groups the support for the adoption of the euro had been overwhelming, of this vote was increased by the bitter fact that the campaign had been disrupted four days prematurely by the assassination of Foreign Minister Anna Lindh, who, had she lived, would likely have succeeded Göran Persson within one or two years (as confirmed by the PM himself in later interviews and by her obvious standing within her party). While the assassination of Anna Lindh was not connected to the campaigning on the Euro, or on EU issues in general, and while the trend toward a rejective vote was clear in polls weeks before the referendum, both the Gothenburg riots and the no to the euro show that many Swedes, and in particular many young Swedes, feel disenfranchised by the new EU-oriented and less self-assured country they are living in. On 26 December 2004 during a Christmas holiday and Boxing Day celebration, a thousands of Swedish people in Thailand and the other part across the region of South and Southeast Asia were among thousands of people killed by the catastrophic tsunami from the magnitude 9.0 undersea earthquake off Indonesian island's west coast of Sumatra, and many thousands are suffered from the significant lost of Scandinavian lives. A memorial service held at Storkyrkan in Stockholm in January 2005. On behalf of all Scandinavians. The Ministry for Foreign Affairs was unmanned due to the holidays, and the lack of government action caused a political s

The Öresund Bridge, completed in 2000.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_oversized_fashion_in_the_United_States_since_the_1920s

Women's oversized fashion in the United States since the 1920s

The 2000s

Women's oversized fashion in the United States since the 1920s / The 2000s

Stylist Rachel Zoe exits the Bryant Park tents during the Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week show on September 9, 2007.

Oversized fashion, distinct from plus-sized fashion, consists of clothing and other accessories that are larger than normal and reflect some sort of attitude, message, or trend of the period at hand. While oversized fashion trends from the 1920s to the turn of the century vary from decade to decade, there are many overarching themes that have been expressed during the past one hundred or so years. Masculinity, for example, has played a large role in many of the underlying communications of the fashions, although virility is manifested differently in the clothing depending on the era. Oversized fashion production, furthermore, runs largely parallel with the states of the American and global economies. Modernly, oversized fashion has taken on a new form - primarily in the realm of oversized accessories.

Women's oversized fashion at the turn of the century is largely displayed in various accessories. At the beginning of the 2000s, many designers began using sizable and bulky glasses and jewelry in their lines, and women in the spheres of fashion, music, and film began wearing these oversized decorations. Celebrities such as Nicole Richie and Rachel Zoe helped to further this wearing of oversized accessories, and assisted in making the items popular in everyday wear. As the decade progressed, the utility of oversized accessories did not wane, but rather became even more widely used. Since the year 2006, three designers have garnered massive amounts of attention for their adoption of oversized fashion: Stella McCartney, Alexander McQueen, and Marc Jacobs. In 2006, McQueen put on a show in which an enormous hologram of Kate Moss dressed in yards of rippling fabric adorned the backdrop of catwalk; this move furthered the attention of oversized fashion and made Moss the poster model for oversized styling. The death of McQueen in February 2010 led to his style of fashion accruing even more attention, which put oversized fashion even more on the map. Another exhibition of the trend is the oversized handbag. Designers such as Balenciaga, Betsey Johnson, and Michael Kors began producing purses and satchel-like bags that were larger than usual and complied with the oversized aesthetic. As a result of the enormous increase in influence of the internet and social media, these bags quickly became very popular after pictures of celebrities carrying them were posted online for many to see and then emulate. The reviews of oversized fashion use in the new millennium have been mixed. Some designers and critics have welcomed the utilization of oversized accessories, while others view the trend as prodigal. Young designers and fashion houses such as McCartney, McQueen, and Jacobs generally esteem oversized accessories, while older and more established couturiers such as Chanel find much oversized accessories distasteful and extravagant.

Rachel Zoe in oversized sunglasses

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_in_Pittsburgh

Sports in Pittsburgh

Sports in Pittsburgh

First pitch, Mets vs Pirates, 7.20.05

Sports in Pittsburgh have been played dating back to the American Civil War. Baseball, hockey, and the first professional American football game had been played in the city by 1892. Pittsburgh was first known as the "City of Champions" when the Pittsburgh Pirates, Pittsburgh Panthers, and Pittsburgh Steelers won multiple championships in the 1970s. Today, the city has three major professional sports franchises, the Pirates, Steelers, and Penguins; while the University of Pittsburgh Panthers compete in a Division I Power Five conference, the highest level of collegiate athletics in the United States, in both football and basketball. Local universities Duquesne and Robert Morris also field Division I teams in men's and women's basketball and Division I FCS teams in football. Robert Morris also fields Division I men's and women's ice hockey teams. Pittsburgh is once again being called the "City of Champions" as its Steelers and Penguins are recent champions of the NFL and NHL, respectively, in 2009. These accomplishments and others helped Pittsburgh earn the title of "Best Sports City" in 2009 from the Sporting News.

Sports in Pittsburgh have been played dating back to the American Civil War. Baseball, hockey, and the first professional American football game had been played in the city by 1892. Pittsburgh was first known as the "City of Champions" when the Pittsburgh Pirates, Pittsburgh Panthers, and Pittsburgh Steelers won multiple championships in the 1970s. Today, the city has three major professional sports franchises, the Pirates, Steelers, and Penguins; while the University of Pittsburgh Panthers compete in a Division I Power Five conference, the highest level of collegiate athletics in the United States, in both football and basketball. Local universities Duquesne and Robert Morris also field Division I teams in men's and women's basketball and Division I FCS teams in football. Robert Morris also fields Division I men's and women's ice hockey teams. Pittsburgh is once again being called the "City of Champions" as its Steelers and Penguins are recent champions of the NFL and NHL, respectively, in 2009. These accomplishments and others helped Pittsburgh earn the title of "Best Sports City" in 2009 from the Sporting News. Including the 2008–09 seasons, the Steelers have reached the NFL playoffs in six of the last eight seasons—winning two Super Bowl titles—and the Penguins have reached the NHL playoffs the last four years with back-to-back finals appearances, an Atlantic Division Crown, and a Stanley Cup championship, none of which won at home (the last championship won in Pittsburgh was in 1960 by the Pirates). The flag of Pittsburgh is colored with black and gold, based on the colors of William Pitt's coat of arms; Pittsburgh is the only city in the United States in which all professional sporting teams share the same colors. The city's first National Hockey League (NHL) franchise, the Pittsburgh Pirates were the first to wear black and gold as their colors. The colors were adopted by founder of the Pittsburgh Steelers, Art Rooney, in 1933. In 1948, the Pittsburgh baseball Pirates switched their colors from red and blue to black and gold. Pittsburgh's second NHL franchise, the Pittsburgh Penguins, wore blue and white, due to then-general manager Jack Riley's upbringing in Ontario. In 1979, after the Steelers and Pirates had each won their respective league championships, the Penguins altered their color scheme to match, despite objections from the Boston Bruins, who has used the black and gold combination since the 1934-35 NHL season. In 1975, late Steelers radio broadcaster Myron Cope invented the Terrible Towel, which has become "arguably the best-known fan symbol of any major pro sports team." Cope was one of multiple sports figures born in Pittsburgh and its surrounding area; others include golfer Arnold Palmer, Olympian Kurt Angle, and basketball player Jack Twyman. Pittsburgh is also sometimes called the "Cradle of Quarterbacks" due to the number of prominent players of that position who hail from the area, including NFL greats Jim Kelly, George Blanda, Johnny Unitas, Joe Namath, Dan Marino, and Joe Montana.

PNC Park and the city of Pittsburgh

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilium

Lilium

Description

Lilium / Description

Deutsch:  Madonnen-Lilie, früchte und samenEnglish:  Madonna Lily , fruits and seedsFrançais :  Lys blanc , fruits et graines

Lilium is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants growing from bulbs, all with large prominent flowers. Lilies are a group of flowering plants which are important in culture and literature in much of the world. Most species are native to the temperate northern hemisphere, though their range extends into the northern subtropics. Many other plants have "lily" in their common name but are not related to true lilies.

Lilies are tall perennials ranging in height from 2–6 ft (60–180 cm). They form naked or tunicless scaly underground bulbs which are their organs of perennation. In some North American species the base of the bulb develops into rhizomes, on which numerous small bulbs are found. Some species develop stolons. Most bulbs are buried deep in the ground, but a few species form bulbs near the soil surface. Many species form stem-roots. With these, the bulb grows naturally at some depth in the soil, and each year the new stem puts out adventitious roots above the bulb as it emerges from the soil. These roots are in addition to the basal roots that develop at the base of the bulb. The flowers are large, often fragrant, and come in a wide range of colors including whites, yellows, oranges, pinks, reds and purples. Markings include spots and brush strokes. The plants are late spring- or summer-flowering. Flowers are borne in racemes or umbels at the tip of the stem, with six tepals spreading or reflexed, to give flowers varying from funnel shape to a "Turk's cap". The tepals are free from each other, and bear a nectary at the base of each flower. The ovary is 'superior', borne above the point of attachment of the anthers. The fruit is a three-celled capsule. Seeds ripen in late summer. They exhibit varying and sometimes complex germination patterns, many adapted to cool temperate climates. Naturally most cool temperate species are deciduous and dormant in winter in their native environment. But a few species which distribute in hot summer and mild winter area (Lilium candidum, Lilium catesbaei, Lilium longiflorum) lose leaves and remain relatively short dormant in Summer or Autumn, sprout from Autumn to winter, forming dwarf stem bearing a basal rosette of leaves until, after they have received sufficient chilling, the stem begins to elongate in warming weather. The basic chromosome number is twelve (n=12).

Lilium candidum seeds

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Canada

Sikhism in Canada

New era

Sikhism in Canada / History / New era

English: Sikh Temple Merritt

Canadian Sikhs number roughly 500,000 people and account for roughly 1.4% of Canada's population. Canadian Sikhs are often credited for paving the path to Canada for all South Asian immigrants as well as for inadvertently creating the presence of Sikhism in the United States. Sikhism is a world religion with 27 million followers worldwide, with majority of their population in Punjab, India. The Legislative Assembly of Ontario celebrates April as Sikh Heritage Month. The largest Sikh populations in Canada are found in British Columbia, followed by Ontario and then Alberta. However, Sikhs can be found in every province and territory within the country. As of the 2011 Census, more than half of Canada's Sikhs can be found in one of four cities: Surrey, Brampton, Calgary, and Abbotsford. British Columbia holds the distinction of being the only province or jurisdiction outside of South Asia with Sikhism as the second most followed religion among the population.

In the 1960s and 1970s, tens of thousands of skilled Sikhs, some highly educated, settled across Canada, especially in the urban corridor from Toronto to Windsor. As their numbers grew, Sikhs established temporary gurdwaras in every major city eastward to Montréal, with the first gurdwara in Eastern Canada being made in 1965. These were followed in many instances by permanent gurdwaras and Sikh centres. Most cities now have several gurdwaras, each reflecting slightly different religious views, social or political opinions. Through them, Sikhs now have access to a full set of public observances. Central among these are Sunday prayer services, and in many communities the prayers are followed by langar (a free meal) provided by members of the sangat (governing council of holy men) and the congregation. The Khalsa Diwan Society grew to a much larger amount during the immigration boom of this period. Near the end of the decade in 1979, the Canadian Sikhs, now more racially diverse, celebrated the 500th birthday of Guru Amar Das to mark the start of the annual Nagar Kirtan's, which would occur in Canada every year following. To celebrate the centennial birthday of the guru, the Khalsa Diwan Society purchased an adjoined building which included a school, museum, daycare and Gurdwara and named it after Guru Amar Das. In the early 1980s, the Khalsa Diwan Society grew slightly more and built a sports complex. Canada would also have its first officially registered Sikh organization, the Federation of Sikh Societies of Canada in the early 1980s. In the months prior to Operation Blue Star, Sikh seats were granted to the University of British Columbia and the University of Toronto. The launching of Operation Bluestar enraged many Sikhs in Canada, who had left their homeland long ago in search of better prospects.

Small town Gurdwara in Merritt, BC

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lick_Run_(Roaring_Creek_tributary)

Lick Run (Roaring Creek tributary)

Lick Run (Roaring Creek tributary)

English: Lick Run in its lower reaches

Lick Run is a small tributary of Roaring Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 4.2 miles long. It is entirely in Locust Township. Its watershed has an area of 5.97 square miles. It is designated as a coldwater fishery and Class A Wild Trout Waters. Brown trout inhabit it, as to 14 other fish species. Numerous species of macroinvertebrate also inhabit the stream.

Lick Run is a small tributary of Roaring Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 4.2 miles (6.8 km) long. It is entirely in Locust Township. Its watershed has an area of 5.97 square miles. It is designated as a coldwater fishery and Class A Wild Trout Waters. Brown trout inhabit it, as to 14 other fish species. Numerous species of macroinvertebrate also inhabit the stream.

Lick Run in its lower reaches

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_Hill_Cemetery_(Ann_Arbor,_Michigan)

Forest Hill Cemetery (Ann Arbor, Michigan)

Notable persons interred at Forest Hill

Forest Hill Cemetery (Ann Arbor, Michigan) / Notable persons interred at Forest Hill

English: Soldiers and Sailors Memorial, Forest Hill Cemetery Ann Arbor Michigan

Forest Hill Cemetery in Ann Arbor, Michigan is a 65-acre cemetery founded in 1857. A civil engineer named James Lewis Glenn designed the cemetery in the rural or garden style popular in the second half of the 19th century. The cemetery's main gate was designed by James Morwick in the Gothic Revival style. Gordon W. Lloyd, a leading architect based in Detroit, Michigan, designed the cemetery's gatehouse and sexton's residence, also in the Gothic Revival style. In 1859 Dr. Benajah Ticknor was the first person to be buried in Forest Hill. Ticknor had been a surgeon in the U.S. Navy and the owner of property now known as Cobblestone Farm in Ann Arbor. Prior to the establishment of the cemetery, Chi Psi fraternity built the nation's first fraternity building on the site, in 1849.

John Allen, American pioneer and co-founder of Ann Arbor James Burrill Angell, longest-serving president of the University of Michigan Scott Asheton, musician Albert Moore Barrett, American physician and professor of psychiatry at the University of Michigan Clara Doty Bates, author Samuel Willard Beakes, Mayor of Ann Arbor and U.S. Congressman William Warner Bishop, librarian William E. Brown, Jr. Marion LeRoy Burton, President of the University of Michigan William L. Clements Charles Horton Cooley, sociologist Thomas McIntyre Cooley, professor of law, justice of the Michigan Supreme Court, president of the Interstate Commerce Commission Cecil O. Creal, Mayor of Ann Arbor Lloyd Cassel Douglas, author Pete Elliott, football coach Elizabeth Farrand, author and librarian Alpheus Felch, Michigan Governor and U.S. Senator William A. Fletcher, first chief justice of the state of Michigan Thomas Francis, medical pioneer Henry Simmons Frieze, president of the University of Michigan Bradley F. Granger, U.S. Congressman Ted Heusel, Ann Arbor radio personality and Board of Education president Daniel Hiscock, director at Ann Arbor Savings Bank Harry Burns Hutchins, president of the University of Michigan Eleonore Hutzel, nurse and social worker Eva A. Jessye, composer and choir director George Jewett, first African-American football player at both the University of Michigan and Northwestern University Oscar John Larson, U.S. Representative Emmett Norman Leith, professor of electrical engineering Rensis Likert, American statistician Don Lund, baseball player Rusty Magee, American composer and lyricist for theater, film, and television Charles H. Manly, Michigan politician Vincent Massey, Australian enzymologist and University of Michigan faculty William S. Maynard, Mayor of Ann Arbor Ann Mikolowski, artist, co-founder of The Alternative Press Conrad Noll Frederick George Novy, American bacteriologist, organic chemist, and instructor John Nowland Albert Benjamin Prescott, professor of chemistry and founder of the University of Michigan College of Pharmacy Hereward Thimbleby Price, British writer Eugene B. Power, founder of University Microfilms and regent of the University of Michigan Elisha Walker Rumsey, co-founder of Ann Arbor Henry Rumsey, American judge and politician Israel Russell, American geologist and geographer Alexander Grant Ruthven, president of the University of Michigan Bo Schembechler, head football coach and athletic director at the University of Michigan Joseph Beal Steere, American ornithologist William C. Stevens, Michigan politician Louise Reed Stowell, scientist, microscopist, author, editor Henry Franklin Thomas Bob Ufer, University of Michigan track star, sports broadcaster James Craig Watson, astronomer Norval E. Welch, Civil War Union Army Officer Leslie White, anthropologist Fielding H. Yost, head football coach and athletic director at the University of Michigan

Soldiers and Sailors memorial, 1914

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Standby_Force

African Standby Force

ECOWAS Standby Force

African Standby Force / Current Status / ECOWAS Standby Force

English: Participants and course facilitator of a Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration course chatting during a break. The course was designed and delivered by Yvan Pichette and Denis Vermeirre of the Pearson Peacekeeping Centre at the Ecole de Maintien de la Paix in Bamako, Mali, in 2007.

The African Standby Force is an international, continental African, and multidisciplinary peacekeeping force with military, police and civilian contingents that acts under the direction of the African Union. The ASF is to be deployed in times of crisis in Africa. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, serves as the Force's Headquarters. Douala, Cameroon, was selected in 2011 as the site of the AU's Continental Logistics Base. In 2003, a 2010 operational date for the force was set.

Members: Ghana, Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Mali, Senegal, Niger, Burkina Faso, Gambia, and Cape Verde The ECOWAS Standby Force (ESF) is a standby arrangement made up of military, police and civilian components and which is consistent with Chapter VIII of the United Nations Charter which provides for regional peace and security arrangements. A partial legal basis is given by Article 21 of the ECOWAS Protocol Relating to the Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management, Resolution, Peacekeeping and Security of December 1999. In 2005, a team of ECOWAS P3 Development Partners (AU, EU, USA, UK, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany and Netherlands), the UN Standby High-Readiness Brigade (SHIRBRIG) together with the ECOWAS Mission Planning Management Cell (MPMC) met and produced an overarching framework document for the operationalisation of the ESF. The ECOWAS Operational Framework phased the process by first of all establishing an ESF Task Force (ESFTF) with 2773 soldiers of all ranks which was certified in 2009 in the form of a logistics exercise. The Task Force is structured into two infantry battalions (Western and Eastern) and a composite logistics battalion. The Western Battalion is led by Senegal while the Eastern Battalion is led by Nigeria. The ECOWAS Main Force was intended to number 3727, to build to complete a brigade of 6500 of all ranks to be ready by 2010. The initial Task Force is intended to be rapidly deployed and then the more robust, long-term Main Force is required afterwards. There is no formal Memorandum of Understanding between the ECOWAS Secretariat and the ECOWAS Members States on Force generation. However, the MOU has been drafted, and meanwhile (2010), there is a firm commitment of the different States leaders to provide personnel and facilities to facilitate any deployment of the Force. The Headquarters (HQ) of both the ESF and the ESFTF are co-located in Abuja, Nigeria. However, the Planning Element of the ESF is weak compared to the Task Force PLANELM. For now (2010), the PLANELM of ESF has no civilian component. The military and police components are fully operational. The Logistic Depot of the Force, still to be built, is planned to be established at Freetown, Sierra Leone. Land has been allocated in this regard by the Government of Sierra Leone, and the United States of America’s Government is providing support for the establishment of the Logistics depot. In the violent conflict in Mali since 2012, ESF could not operate in a timely manner to prevent a further escalation of violence in the country.

ECOWAS Standby Force HQ staff attending a DDR course at the EMP Bamako (2007)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Doria

Kota Doria

Kota Doria

English: A genuine handloom kota doria saree from Kaithoon, Kota, Rajasthan.

Kota Doria or Kota Doriya is the name of a light weight fabric made of tiny woven squares which is still hand woven on traditional pit looms in Kaithoon near Kota in Rajasthan and in some of the surrounding villages. Kota Doriya Sarees are made of pure cotton and silk and have square like patterns known as khats on them. The chequered weave of a Kota sari is very popular. They are very fine weaves and weigh very less.

Kota Doria or Kota Doriya is the name of a light weight fabric made of tiny woven squares (khat) which is still hand woven on traditional pit looms in Kaithoon near Kota in Rajasthan and in some of the surrounding villages. Kota Doriya Sarees are made of pure cotton and silk and have square like patterns known as khats on them. The chequered weave of a Kota sari is very popular. They are very fine weaves and weigh very less.

Genuine handloom kota doria masterpiece

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Ararat

Mount Ararat

Symbolism

Mount Ararat / Significance for Armenians / Symbolism

العربية: جبل أرارات وأُفق مدينة أريوان (يريڤان) العاصمة الأرمنيَّة. يُمكنُ مُلاحظة دار الأوپرا في وسط الصُورة. English: Mount Ararat and the Yerevan skyline. The Opera house is visible in the center. Հայերեն: Մասիսը եւ Երեւանի համայնապատկերը՝ գարնան ժամանակ։ Օպերայի շէնքը նկարին կեդրոնին է։ Українська: Гора Арарат на небокраї Єревана. У центрі фото видно будинок опери.

Mount Ararat is a snow-capped and dormant compound volcano in the extreme east of Turkey. It consists of two major volcanic cones: Greater Ararat and Little Ararat. Greater Ararat is the highest peak in Turkey and the Armenian Highland with an elevation of 5,137 m; Little Ararat's elevation is 3,896 m. The Ararat massif is about 35 km wide at ground base. The first recorded efforts to reach Ararat's summit were made in the Middle Ages, and Friedrich Parrot, Khachatur Abovian, and four others made the first recorded ascent in 1829. The mountain has been called by the name Ararat since the Middle Ages, as it began to be identified with "mountains of Ararat" described in the Bible as the resting place of Noah's Ark, despite contention that Genesis 8:4 does not refer specifically to a Mt. Ararat. It is the principal national symbol of Armenia and has been considered a sacred mountain by Armenians. It is featured prominently in Armenian literature and art and is an icon for Armenian irredentism. It is depicted on the coat of arms of Armenia along with Noah's Ark.

Despite lying outside the borders of the modern Armenia, Ararat has historically been associated with Armenia. It is widely considered the country's principal national symbol and brand. The image of Ararat, usually framed within a nationalizing discourse, is ubiquitous in everyday material culture in Armenia. According to ethnographer Tsypylma Darieva Armenians have "a sense of possession of Ararat in the sense of symbolic cultural property." Ararat is known as the "holy mountain" of the Armenian people. It was principal to the pre-Christian Armenian mythology, where it was the home of the gods. With the rise of Christianity, the mythology associated with pagan worship of the mountain was lost. Ararat was the geographical center of ancient Armenian kingdoms. One scholar defined the historic Greater Armenia (Armenia Major) as "the area about 200 miles [320 km] in every direction from Mount Ararat." In 19th-century era of romantic nationalism, when an Armenian state did not exist, Mt. Ararat symbolized the historical Armenian nation-state. In 1861 Armenian poet Mikael Nalbandian, witnessing the Italian unification, wrote to Harutiun Svadjian in a letter from Naples: "Etna and Vesuvius are still smoking; is there no fire left in the old volcano of Ararat?"

Ararat—located some 65 km (40 mi) south of the city–dominates the skyline of Armenia's capital Yerevan.[33][89][109][110]

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alissa_Crans

Alissa Crans

Alissa Crans

English: Description at MFO: On the Photo: * Dye, Heather * Niebrzydowski, Maciej * Crans, Alissa S. * Sazdanovic, Radmila * Jacobsson, Karl Magnus * Asaeda, Marta * Sikora, Adam S. * King, Simon A. * Mroczkowski, Maciej * Manturov, Vassily O. * Chmutov, Michael * Occasion:Invariants in Low-Dimensional Topology * Annotation: From left to right: Heather Dye, Maciej Niebrzydowski, Alissa S. Crans, Radmila Sazdanovic, Karl Magnus Jacobsson, Marta Asaeda, Adam Sikora, Simon A. King, Maciej Mroczkowski, Vassiliy O. Manturov, Michael Chmutov * Location: Oberwolfach * Author: Schmid, Katrin (photos provided by Schmid, Katrin) * Source: MFO * Year: 2008 * Copyright: MFO * Photo ID: 10676

Alissa Susan Crans is an American mathematician specializing in higher-dimensional algebra. She is a professor of mathematics at Loyola Marymount University, and the associate director of Project NExT, a program of the Mathematical Association of America to mentor post-doctoral mathematicians, statisticians, and mathematics teachers.

Alissa Susan Crans is an American mathematician specializing in higher-dimensional algebra. She is a professor of mathematics at Loyola Marymount University, and the associate director of Project NExT, a program of the Mathematical Association of America to mentor post-doctoral mathematicians, statisticians, and mathematics teachers.

Alissa Crans (3rd from left) at the 2008 MFO workshop Invariants in Low-Dimensional Topology

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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Heine

Heinrich Heine

Heinrich Heine

Українська: Генрих Гайне, 1831 рік

Christian Johann Heinrich Heine was one of the most significant German poets of the 19th century. Heine was born into an assimilated Jewish family in Düsseldorf, Germany. His father was a tradesman. After his father's business failed, Heine was sent to Hamburg. His uncle in Hamburg was a very successful banker, so Heine started learning his business, but he droped it later on. Then Heine started to study law at the universities of Göttingen, Bonn and Berlin, but he was more interested in literature than in law. He took a degree in law in 1825. At the same time he had decided to convert from Judaism to Protestantism. This was necessary because of the severe restrictions on Jews in the German states. Only Christians were allowed to have certain businesses or to be clerks of the state. Jews were also forbidden to become university professors, which was a particular ambition for Heine. Heine himself said, his conversion was "the ticket of admission into European culture". Heine is best known for his lyric poetry, much of which was set to music by lieder composers, esp. Franz Schubert and Robert Schumann. His start as poet Heine made with Gedichte in 1821.

Christian Johann Heinrich Heine (born as Harry Heine 13 December 1797–17 February 1856) was one of the most significant German poets of the 19th century. Heine was born into an assimilated Jewish family in Düsseldorf, Germany. His father was a tradesman. After his father's business failed, Heine was sent to Hamburg. His uncle in Hamburg was a very successful banker, so Heine started learning his business, but he droped it later on. Then Heine started to study law at the universities of Göttingen, Bonn and Berlin, but he was more interested in literature than in law. He took a degree in law in 1825. At the same time he had decided to convert from Judaism to Protestantism. This was necessary because of the severe restrictions on Jews in the German states. Only Christians were allowed to have certain businesses or to be clerks of the state. Jews were also forbidden to become university professors, which was a particular ambition for Heine. Heine himself said, his conversion was "the ticket of admission into European culture". Heine is best known for his lyric poetry, much of which was set to music by lieder composers, esp. Franz Schubert and Robert Schumann. His start as poet Heine made with Gedichte ("Poems") in 1821. Heine's one-sided infatuation with his cousins Amalie and Therese later inspired him to write some of his loveliest lyrics; Buch der Lieder ("Book of Songs", 1827) was Heine's first comprehensive collection of verse. Heine left Germany for Paris, France in 1831. There he associated with utopian socialists. He met people who fellowed Count Saint-Simon, who preached an egalitarian classless society. He remained in Paris for the rest of his life. His only visit to Germany was in 1843. German authorities banned his works and those of others who were considered to be associated with the Young Germany movement in 1835. Heine continued to comment on German politics and society from a distance. Heine wrote Deutschland. Ein Wintermärchen (Germany. A Winter's Tale). In 1844; his friend, Karl Marx, published it in his newspaper Vorwärts ("Forward") in 1844. One of the books was burned by the Nazis. One of Heine's most famous lines is now: "Where they burn books, they will, in the end, burn human beings too" (Almansor, 1821). Wandere! (1852) Heinrich Heine “Wandere!” Wenn dich ein Weib verraten hat, So liebe flink eine Andre; Noch besser wär es, du ließest die Stadt – Schnüre den Ranzen und wandre! Du findest bald einen blauen See, Umringt von Trauerweiden; Hier weinst du aus dein kleines Weh Und deine engen Leiden. Wenn du den steilen Berg ersteigst, Wirst du beträchtlich ächzen; Doch wenn du den felsigen Gipfel erreichst, Hörst du die Adler krächzen. Dort wirst du selbst ein Adler fast, Du bist wie neugeboren, Du fühlst dich frei, du fühlst: du hast Dort unten nicht viel verloren. Heinrich Heine “Take to the road!” If you are let down and betrayed by a girl, Don't bother but find a new one. Much better though - you took to the road, Tie up your backpack and wander! You will quickly come up to a blue awesome lake, Encircled by big weeping willows. You may here cry about your little ache, Your intimate pains and sorrows. And when you that smashing height will have climbed, You will be heavily sighing. Still, as you get to that rocky peak, You will hear the eagles cawing. And there you are – as an Eagle yourself! You are as if a newborn. You feel at ease, you feel you have not lost That much down there below! (Translated into English by Sergei Osankin)

Heinrich Heine, 1831

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith

Slavic Native Faith

Views on Christianity and mono-ideologies

Slavic Native Faith / Identity and political philosophy / Views on Christianity and mono-ideologies

Woman undergoing a ritual of initiation, by the Union of Slavic Rodnover Communities (Союз Славянских Общин Славянской Родной Веры), near Moscow, Russia.

The Slavic Native Faith, commonly known as Rodnovery, and rarely as Slavic Neopaganism, is a modern Pagan religion. Classified as a new religious movement, its practitioners harken back to the historical belief systems of the Slavic peoples of Central and Eastern Europe, though the movement is inclusive of external influences and hosts a variety of currents. "Rodnovery" is a widely accepted self-descriptor within the community, although there are Rodnover organisations which further characterise the religion as Vedism, Orthodoxy, and Old Belief. Many Rodnovers regard their religion as a faithful continuation of ancient beliefs that survived as folk religion or as conscious "double belief" following the Christianisation of the Slavs in the Middle Ages. Rodnovery draws upon surviving historical and archaeological sources and folk religion, often integrating them with non-Slavic sources such as Hinduism. Rodnover theology and cosmology may be described as pantheism and polytheism—worship of the supreme God of the universe and of the multiple gods, ancestors and spirits of nature identified through Slavic culture.

Many Rodnovers actively reject Christianity or adopt anti-Christian views. They generally regard Abrahamic religions as destructive forces that erode what they view as organic peoples, with Christianity being perceived as a foreign entity within Slavic culture. They consider the Abrahamic religions and their later secular ideological productions (Marxism, capitalism and the general Western rationalism begotten by the Age of Enlightenment) as "mono-ideologies", that is to say ideologies which promote "universal and one-dimensional truths", unable to grasp the complexity of reality and therefore doomed to failure one after the other. Christianity is denounced as a hierarchical and centralised power that throughout history defended the rich and legitimised slave mentality, and as an anthropocentric ideology which distorts the role of mankind in the cosmos by claiming that God could have been incarnated as a single historical entity (Jesus). In Russia, Rodnovers often compare Christianity, for its claim to have a monopoly on truth, to Soviet Marxism. They also criticise capitalism and seek a return to a pre-capitalist society. As an alternative to the "mono-ideologies" and the world of "unipolarity" that they created, the Rodnovers oppose their idea of "multipolarism". Some Rodnovers also take a hostile stance toward Judaism, which they regard as having spawned Christianity, or believe that Christianity has left Russia under the control of Jews. Rodnovers often reject Christian ideas of humility, regarding them as antithetical to a Rodnover emphasis on courage and fighting spirit. Christianity is also considered as a system that destroys morality by casting human responsibility away from the present world and into a transcendent future, and it is also criticised as being anthropocentric, and thus responsible for ecological disruption. Rodnovers express their anti-Christian views in various ways. Many Native Faith groups organise formal ceremonies of renunciation of Christianity (raskrestitsia, literally "de-Christianisation"), and initiation into Rodnovery with the adoption of a Slavic name. The folklorist Mariya Lesiv observed Rodnovers marching in Kiev in 2006 chanting "Out with Jehovah! Glory to Dazhboh!" Simpson noted that in Poland, several Rodnovers launched a poster campaign against Valentines Day, which they regarded as not being an authentically Polish celebration. In Russia, Rodnovers have vandalised and torched various churches. Christians have also been responsible for opposition to Slavic Native Faith, for instance through the establishment of social media groups against the movement. The Russian Orthodox Church has expressed opposition to the growth and spread of Slavic Native Faith across Russia on various occasions. Some Russian Rodnovers have however attempted to improve relations with the Orthodox Church, arguing that Russian Orthodoxy had adopted many elements of historical Slavic belief and rites. In this way they argue that Russian Orthodoxy is distinct from other forms of Christianity, and seek to portray it as the "younger brother" of Slavic Native Faith. The Orthodox Christian Old Believers, a movement that split out from the Russian Orthodox Church during the reform of Patriarch Nikon of Moscow in the seventeenth century, is seen by Rodnovers in a more positive light than the mainstream Russian Orthodox Church, as Old Believers are considered to have elements similar to those of the Slavic Native Faith.

The initiation of a woman into Rodnovery, in Moscow, Russia.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._C._Mills

E. C. Mills

Business writing style

E. C. Mills / Business writing style

English: Exemplar of the Business Writing style by American penman Edward Clarence Mills (1873 – 1962). Source description: Out of the late Spencerian and P. D. & S. styles there has since been developed, from approximately about 1880, the modern commercial hand (Figs. 87, 88) , which has certain distinctive characteristics. This style of writing was perfected and popularized through the excellent work of the American commercial schools that for years have given special emphasis to rapid business writing. An essential element of this writing has been a free movement, in which the arm is brought into use in the writing process, and the forms adopted have been those best suited to easy, rapid writing. (Osborn 1910, page 181) Observe in particular with the minuscules (lower case letters): plain cursive forms without shading or flourishing attention to clear and regular inter-letter spacing condensed ascenders and descenders some shortened upward entry strokes starting above baseline alternate forms such as 'p', 'r', and 'k' Also some alternate terminal forms, used at the end of words, either for economy or aesthetics: non descending letters 'd' and 't', compare 't's in Writing and must descending letters 'g', 'j' and 'y', compare 'g's in Writing and legible (see also Spencer Brothers' Abbreviated Hand plate 12, and Abbreviation of Small Letters page 20 in New Spencerian Compendium of Penmanship published in 1879) This hand is written with a pointed nib without flex, or other mono-line instrument, using the muscular arm movement.

Edward Clarence Mills was an American master penman and educator, noted for the Business Writing style of cursive handwriting.

A cursive handwriting for commerce was developed around 1880 in the United States, emerging from such ornamental styles as Spencerian script, designed for rapid writing using arm movement. This hand was simpler in form, having no flourishing or shading (i.e., variation in line width from pen pressure or nib shape), to meet the demand of business for rapid legible writing that could be sustained for long periods. Among others, including A. N. Palmer, Mills gave instruction and created copybooks for this functional style. However, in terms of rendering its form in pen and ink, "E. C. Mills was the undisputed master of Business Writing … and in fifty years of service as a penman, he set the standards by which business writing was judged", according to master Spencerian penman Michael Sull.

Business Writing style exemplar by E. C. Mills 1909

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_Plate_Road_587

Nickel Plate Road 587

2003–2018

Nickel Plate Road 587 / 2003–2018

English: Nickel Plate Road 2-8-2 Mikado steam locomotive #587 in the restoration shops at the ITM.

Nickel Plate Road 587 is a 2-8-2 type USRA Light Mikado steam locomotive originally built in September 1918 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works for the Lake Erie and Western Railroad as its No. 5541. In 1923, the LE&W was merged into the New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad, commonly referred to as the "Nickel Plate Road", and allocated 587 as its new number in 1924. In 2003, the locomotive was being restored by the Indiana Transportation Museum in Noblesville, Indiana. However in 2018, the museum was currently being moved to Logansport, Indiana, forcing No. 587 to be stored in Ravenna, Kentucky by the Kentucky Steam Heritage Corp until the ITM can raise funds to restore the locomotive to operating condition.

No. 587 is undergoing its second restoration dependent on funding and available volunteer efforts. The tubes, flues, dry pipe, super-heater, and many other pieces have been removed. The dry pipe was worn too thin to support the steam pressures necessary to operate the locomotive. A new dry pipe has been formed and is awaiting installation into the boiler. The air pump has been removed and rebuilt and is in storage awaiting re-installation. Several sections of the firebox have been cut away and replaced as well as a section of the rear tube sheet that was worn too thin to support the operating steam pressure. A new tube sheet section has been cut and using the heat and beat method has been molded into place. It is now in the contractor's shop to have the new holes drilled in it. New tubes have been swaged, which is a process of reducing the diameter on one end while not cutting away any material. They have been transported to the museum in Noblesville and are currently stored until they are needed. Riveting of the firebox is nearly complete with only the front section and several rivets in the corners needing to be replaced. This will require the rear driver of 587 to be dropped into a shallow pit to allow for the riveting to take place. The locomotive was inside ITM's shop undergoing additional work. It was lifted several inches off its supporting trucks and running gear to allow access to the leaf springs and bushings without the need to drop all the drivers. The bushings will be removed and replaced as most have worn thin from years of use. In 2008, the ownership of No. 587 was officially transferred from the Indianapolis Parks Department to the Indiana Transportation Museum. On June 28, 2018, a court order required ITM to vacate its former location. The Kentucky Steam Heritage Corporation made a deal with ITM to relocate the 587 and move it out before the deadline. Plans are for the locomotive to be moved to Ravenna, Kentucky and have it stored alongside Chesapeake and Ohio 2716 until the ITM can raise enough funds for restoration, eventually returning the locomotive back to Indiana once the restoration is complete. On July 7, most of the main components of the 587 left ITM's grounds, except for the tender body, which left ITM's grounds on July 12 and was fully unloaded on July 14. No. 587 is now currently awaiting to be rebuilt for an overhaul of boiler tubes and flues for its return to service.

The disassembled No. 587 at the ITM's restoration shops in 2005

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kia_Bongo

Kia Bongo

First generation (1980–1994)

Kia Bongo / Background / First generation (1980–1994)

These were the first ever Kia badged vehicles to arrive in Australia. At the time, they were sold along side the Asia Rocsta and sold through Asia Motors dealerships, which of course were a sub brand of Kia Motors. These are very rare here and sold in tiny numbers when new.

The Kia Bongo, also known as the Kia K-Series or Kia Besta, is a cabover pickup truck and van produced by the South Korean automobile manufacturer Kia Motors since 1980. The Bongo was first launched in 1980 under the name Bongo. In 1997, the third generation Bongo Frontier was launched. As of 2004, the Kia Bongo was in its fourth version, confusingly sold as the Kia Bongo III. "Frontier" was dropped from the name with this revision.

Production of the truck started in 1980 and the van started in 1981. Early Bongos had round headlights, although these were changed for square units in 1981. The first Bongos also used "Kiamaster" logos rather than simply "Kia". The Bongo originally came with the 2.2 liter "S2" engine with 70 PS (51 kW), although the 1.4 liter "UC" petrol engine was added in 1985. 'Wide Bongo' production started in 1987. Between 1987 and 1990 the Bongo was sold as the "Power Bongo", to reflect an upgrade to the 80 PS (59 kW) 2.4 litre "SF" diesel engine. The Power Bongo also has wide rectangular headlights, rather than the smaller units used previously. The first generation Bongo was removed from production in December 1994, although the tougher Ceres version continued for another seven years.

Kia Ceres cab chassis (Australia)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_of_Ponta_da_Bandeira

Fort of Ponta da Bandeira

Construction

Fort of Ponta da Bandeira / Construction

English: Interior of the Fort of Ponta da Bandeira, Lagos, Portugal

The Fort of Ponta da Bandeira, also known as Pau da Bandeira Fort; Fort of Nossa Senhora da Penha de França; the Fort of Registo; or the Fort of Lagos is situated in the city of Lagos, in the Faro District of Portugal. It was built in the 17th century, as one of the main components of a system of maritime fortifications to defend the city, then headquarters of the military government of the Algarve. Significant restoration work has been carried out over the years and the fort is considered to be one of the best-preserved 17th century fortifications in the Algarve region.

After the beginning of the Restoration War in the 17th century, which pitted Portugal against Spain, there was a change in the Portuguese military strategy, with greater attention being paid to land defence on the Spanish border. Along the coast only batteries were installed, with functions more linked to surveillance than defence. This approach resulted from the poor state of the Spanish fleet and the signing of a peace agreement with Holland, which had a sizeable fleet. During the Restoration War the Algarve thus played a very peripheral role, and its defensive structures began to deteriorate. After the Restoration War, the Algarve coast was frequently attacked by pirates and privateers, so the construction of a network of maritime defences was ordered to protect the city of Lagos, which at that time was the seat of the military government of the Algarve. Designed by Captain Inácio Pereira, the Ponta da Bandeira Fort began to be built around 1680, by order of Luís Lopo da Silveira, 2nd Count of Sarzedas and Governor of the Kingdom of the Algarve. It was completed in 1690, under the guidance of Francisco Luís Baltazar da Gama (1636–1707), 6th Count of Vidigueira and 2nd Marquis of Nisa. The chapel appears to have also been built at that time, since the tiles inside it also date from the 17th century. The fort was considered one of the most advanced in the Algarve region, reflecting several decades of development of Portuguese military architecture. It has a very simple shape, being just a square with an elevated terrace facing the ocean that is reached by a ramp. There are several gun emplacements. It exemplified the change in military policies after the Restoration War, which reduced emphasis on large coastal fortresses, preferring instead more, but smaller, fortifications. The strength of its construction has meant that it has remained relatively intact, while other fortifications in the Algarve have been greatly modified or destroyed over the years.

Interior of the fort

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burlington_Barracudas

Burlington Barracudas

Coaching staff 2011-12

Burlington Barracudas / Coaching staff 2011-12

English: Burlington Barracudas, CWHL

The Burlington Barracudas were a semi-professional women's ice hockey team based in Burlington, Ontario. They were one of the founding teams of the Canadian Women's Hockey League from its inaugural season in 2007 until 2012. The Barracudas’ home ice was Appleby Ice Center in Burlington.

General Manager: Maria Quinto Head Coach: Berardino Quinto Assistant Coach: Jessica Rattle Equipment Manager: Diane Cruickshanks & Madelaine Bird Marketing Coordinator: Deanne Johnstone Head Athletic Therapist: Nancy Spence Assistant Athletic Therapist: Glenn Burke Assistant Athletic Therapist: Carm Chan Reference

Barracudas'Head Coach Berardino Quinto

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_Fire

Day Fire

Day Fire

English: Day Fire as visible to the human eye from space

The Day Fire was a devastating wildfire that burned 162,702 acres of land in the Topatopa Mountains, within the Los Padres National Forest in Ventura County, southern California. As of 2020, the Day Fire is the 17th largest wildfire in modern California history.

The Day Fire was a devastating wildfire that burned 162,702 acres (658 km²) of land in the Topatopa Mountains, within the Los Padres National Forest in Ventura County, southern California. As of 2020, the Day Fire is the 17th largest wildfire in modern California history.

Day Fire as seen via MODIS satellite on September 19.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAF_Molesworth

RAF Molesworth

USAF use

RAF Molesworth / History / USAF use

English: Albatrosses of the 582d Air Resupply Group, RAF Molesworth, England.

Royal Air Force Molesworth or more simply RAF Molesworth is a Royal Air Force station located near Molesworth, Cambridgeshire, England with a history dating back to 1917. Its runway and flight line facilities were closed in 1973 and demolished. New facilities were constructed to support ground-launched cruise missile operations in the early 1980s. It was one of the two British bases to house cruise missiles and a focus for protests. It is now a non-flying facility under the control of the United States Air Force, and is one of two Royal Air Force stations in Cambridgeshire currently used by the United States Air Forces in Europe. Molesworth, RAF Alconbury and RAF Upwood were considered the "Tri-Base Area" due to their close geographic proximity and interdependency until RAF Upwood closed in late 2012. RAF Alconbury and RAF Molesworth were the last Second World War era Eighth Air Force airfields in the United Kingdom that were still actively in use and controlled by the United States Air Force. It was from Molesworth on 4 July 1942 that the first USAAF Eighth Air Force mission was flown over Nazi-occupied territory.

As the Cold War increased in intensity, the US Air Force began looking to expand in Western Europe. RAF Molesworth was chosen in 1951 to become home to the 582d Air Resupply Group. The station was enlarged with main runway extensions and modern facilities. After much runway work by the 801st Engineer Battalion, the group moved from Great Falls, Montana to the station in February 1954.

HU-16 Albatrosses of the 582d Air Resupply Group - 25 October 1955

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Germany

Economy of Germany

Weimar Republic and Third Reich

Economy of Germany / History / Weimar Republic and Third Reich

English: Gross national product in German Reich around World Depression Deutsch: Preisbereinigtes Bruttosozialprodukt im Deutschen Reich um die Weltwirtschaftkrise

The economy of Germany is a highly developed social market economy. It has the largest national economy in Europe, the fourth-largest by nominal GDP in the world, and fifth by GDP. In 2017, the country accounted for 28% of the euro area economy according to the IMF. Germany is a founding member of the European Union and the Eurozone. In 2016, Germany recorded the highest trade surplus in the world worth $310 billion, making it the biggest capital exporter globally. Germany is one of the largest exporters globally with $1448.17 billion worth of goods and services exported in 2017. The service sector contributes around 70% of the total GDP, industry 29.1%, and agriculture 0.9%. Exports account for 41% of national output. The top 10 exports of Germany are vehicles, machinery, chemical goods, electronic products, electrical equipment, pharmaceuticals, transport equipment, basic metals, food products, and rubber and plastics.

The Nazis rose to power while unemployment was very high, but achieved full employment later thanks to massive public works programs such as the Reichsbahn, Reichspost and the Reichsautobahn projects. In 1935 rearmament in contravention of the Treaty of Versailles added to the economy. Weimar and Nazi Germany By Stephen J. Lee The post-1931 financial crisis economic policies of expansionary fiscal policies (as Germany was off the gold standard) was advised by their non-Nazi Minister of Economics, Hjalmar Schacht, who in 1933 became the president of the central bank. Hjalmar Schacht later abdicated from the post in 1938 and was replaced by Hermann Göring. The trading policies of the Third Reich aimed at self sufficiency but with a lack of raw materials Germany would have to maintain trade links but on bilateral preferences, foreign exchange controls, import quotas and export subsidies under what was called the "New Plan"(Neuer Plan) of 19 September 1934. The "New Plan" was based on trade with less developed countries who would trade raw materials for German industrial goods saving currency. Southern Europe was preferable to Western Europe and North America as there could be no trade blockades. This policy became known as the Grosswirtschaftsraum ("greater economic area") policy. Eventually, the Nazi party developed strong relationships with big business and abolished trade unions in 1933 in order to form the National Labor Service (RAD), German Labor Front (DAF) to set working hours, Beauty of Labour (SDA) which set working conditions and Strength through Joy (KDF) to ensure sports clubs for workers.

Gross national product and GNP deflator, year on year change in %, 1926 to 1939, in Germany. Via google to Pdf-file of German publication.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/BSPDRWeltkriseEngl.PNG

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danielle_Rowley

Danielle Rowley

Danielle Rowley

English: Official portrait of Danielle Rowley

Danielle Rowley is a Scottish Labour Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament for Midlothian from 2017 to 2019. She was a member of Jeremy Corbyn's Shadow Cabinet as the Shadow Minister for Climate Justice and Green Jobs from June 2019 to December 2019; when she lost her seat to Owen Thompson of the Scottish National party.

Danielle Rowley (born 25 February 1990) is a Scottish Labour Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament for Midlothian from 2017 to 2019. She was a member of Jeremy Corbyn's Shadow Cabinet as the Shadow Minister for Climate Justice and Green Jobs from June 2019 to December 2019; when she lost her seat to Owen Thompson of the Scottish National party.

Rowley in 2017

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salinas_de_Garci_Mendoza

Salinas de Garci Mendoza

Salinas de Garci Mendoza

Español: Crater de Jayu Kuta o Jayu Quta, Altiplano de Bolivia

Salinas de Garci Mendoza is a town in the Bolivian Oruro Department. It is the administrative center of Ladislao Cabrera Province and is located 280 km south-west of Oruro, the capital of the department. It is situated at an elevation of 3,732 m at Caricha, 20 km north of the Tunupa stratovolcano. Salar de Coipasa, a salt lake, is 20 km north-west of Salinas de Garci Mendoza, and 15 km in south-eastern direction is Salar de Uyuni, the world's largest salt pan. Salinas de Garci Mendoza is the endpoint of the road from Chuquichamba via Andamarca and Aroma to Salinas de Garci Mendoza. Salinas de Garci Mendoza bears the title "Capital of Quinoa" because of the intensive cultivation of the quinoa crop in this area.

Salinas de Garci Mendoza (formerly: Salinas de Thunupa) is a town in the Bolivian Oruro Department. It is the administrative center of Ladislao Cabrera Province and is located 280 km (170 mi) south-west of Oruro, the capital of the department. It is situated at an elevation of 3,732 m (12,244 ft) at Caricha (4,227 m or 13,868 ft), 20 km north of the Tunupa stratovolcano. Salar de Coipasa,a salt lake, is 20 km north-west of Salinas de Garci Mendoza, and 15 km in south-eastern direction is Salar de Uyuni, the world's largest salt pan. Salinas de Garci Mendoza is the endpoint of the road from Chuquichamba via Andamarca and Aroma to Salinas de Garci Mendoza. Salinas de Garci Mendoza bears the title "Capital of Quinoa" because of the intensive cultivation of the quinoa crop in this area.

Jayu Quta, Villa Esperanza

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosalind_Park

Rosalind Park

Lansell Gardens

Rosalind Park / Lansell Gardens

Photograph of George Lansell, holding a piece of quartz - he is known as the 'Quartz King'. Taken from Pall Mall with Rosalind Park in the Background.

Rosalind Park is an Australian park in Bendigo, Victoria. Prior to white settlement, a grassy woodland surrounding what is now called Bendigo Creek. At that time the creek was little more than a chain of pools and billabongs. This area would have been an important source of food and water for the indigenous Dja Dja Wrung people living in dry central Victoria. In the 1850s gold was discovered in the area, radically transforming the area that is now Rosalind Park. Bendigo was one of the richest gold mining regions in the world, with more gold found in the region from 1850 to 1900 than anywhere else in the world. At present it remains the seventh richest goldfield in the world. Puddling mills, shafts and piles of mine wastes and cast offs dominated the landscape. In 1852 the area was officially designated a Government Camp precinct, the bounds of which still roughly designate the park today. The Government Camp area comprised 66 acres and contained police barracks, gaol and lock-up, a courthouse, a gold office and other government buildings, offices and quarters.

This small garden contains an imposing statue of George Lansell with a large piece of quartz held in his hand. This statue is shown right: the inscription at the base reads "In appreciation of the indomitable courage and persistent enterprise of George Lansell in the development of Bendigo's gold resources. This memorial was erected by the citizens of Bendigo. 1823 – 1906". Lansell was one of the most famous and successful miners in the Bendigo region.

Statue of George Lansell, the 'Quartz King', holding a piece of quartz in his hand.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/cd/Monument_to_George_Lansell%2C_Rosalind_Park%2C_Bendigo%2C_Australia.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-statistics

F-statistics

Partition due to population structure

F-statistics / Partition due to population structure

English: F-statistics diagram. FIT can be partitioned into FST due to the Wahlund effect and FIS due to inbreeding.

In population genetics, F-statistics describe the statistically expected level of heterozygosity in a population; more specifically the expected degree of a reduction in heterozygosity when compared to Hardy–Weinberg expectation. F-statistics can also be thought of as a measure of the correlation between genes drawn at different levels of a subdivided population. This correlation is influenced by several evolutionary processes, such as genetic drift, founder effect, bottleneck, genetic hitchhiking, meiotic drive, mutation, gene flow, inbreeding, natural selection, or the Wahlund effect, but it was originally designed to measure the amount of allelic fixation owing to genetic drift. The concept of F-statistics was developed during the 1920s by the American geneticist Sewall Wright, who was interested in inbreeding in cattle. However, because complete dominance causes the phenotypes of homozygote dominants and heterozygotes to be the same, it was not until the advent of molecular genetics from the 1960s onwards that heterozygosity in populations could be measured. F can be used to define effective population size.

Consider a population that has a population structure of two levels; one from the individual (I) to the subpopulation (S) and one from the subpopulation to the total (T). Then the total F, known here as FIT, can be partitioned into FIS (or f) and FST (or θ): This may be further partitioned for population substructure, and it expands according to the rules of binomial expansion, so that for I partitions:

FIT can be partitioned into FST due to the Wahlund effect and FIS due to inbreeding.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat_W._Washington

Nat W. Washington

Nat W. Washington

Senator Nat Washington, 1967

Nathaniel Willis Washington was an American politician in the state of Washington. He served in the Washington House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 for district 13, and in the Senate from 1979 to his death in 1991.

Nathaniel Willis Washington (May 2, 1914 – August 18, 2007) was an American politician in the state of Washington. He served in the Washington House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 for district 13, and in the Senate from 1979 to his death in 1991.

Washington in 1967

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maloy_Lozanes

Maloy Lozanes

Maloy Lozanes

English: Maria Lucia Moreno Lozañes, aka MaLoY, Filipino-born German singer, August 2008 Maria Lucia Moreno Lozañes, znana jako MaLoY, urodzona na Filipinach niemiecka wokalistka, sierpień 2008 r.

Maloy performing in August 2008

Maria Lucia Moreno Lozañes, better known by her stage name MaLoY, is a Spanish Filipino singer. She was the second female singer of the German Eurodance act Captain Jack from 1998 until 2001. After taking a break from the record music scene, she returned in 2006 with the German DJ act Shaun Baker.

Maria Lucia Moreno Lozañes (Manila, December 13, 1976), better known by her stage name MaLoY, is a Spanish Filipino singer. She was the second female singer of the German Eurodance act Captain Jack from 1998 until 2001. After taking a break from the record music scene, she returned in 2006 with the German DJ act Shaun Baker.

Maloy performing in August 2008

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/MaLoY.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_London

Tom London

Personal life

Tom London / Personal life

English: Still from the production of the American film serial Nan of the North (1922) with the cast and crew of the Ben Wilson Serial Company headed to Yellowstone Park for location shots, (from the left) J. Morris Foster, Tom London (credited as Leonard Chapman), cameraman William Nobel, Ann Little, Ben F. Wilson, Edith Stayart (1890 – 1970), business manager Ashton Dearholt, Joseph W. Girard, Helene Rosson (credited as Helen Rosson), Helen Egard, Hal Wilson, and Wilbur McGaugh (1895 – 1965), on page 72 of the October 15, 1921 Exhibitors Herald.

Tom London was an American actor who played frequently in B-Westerns. According to The Guinness Book of Movie Records, London is credited with appearing in the most films in the history of Hollywood, according to the 2001 book Film Facts, which says that the performer who played in the most films was "Tom London, who made his first of over 2,000 appearances in The Great Train Robbery, 1903. He used his birth name in films until 1924.

London married actress Edith Stayart (1890 - August 7, 1970), born Edythe B. Stayart, who has several roles in films in the 1920s including Nan of the North. On July 5, 1952, he married Louvie Munal in Del Rio, Texas.

Cast photo from Nan of the North including Tom London, second from left) and Edith Stayart

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emeric_Essex_Vidal

Emeric Essex Vidal

A social document: a ball on board a man o' war

Emeric Essex Vidal / Work / Last South American tour / A social document: a ball on board a man o' war

English: Artist's title was "Sketch of the Ball given by Admiral Sir G.E. Hamond to Lord Auckland on board HMS Dublin in Rio de Janeiro - E.E. Vidal - 20 November 1835"

Panorama

Emeric Essex Vidal was an English watercolourist and naval officer. His opportunities for travel, his curiosity about local customs and human types, and his eye for the picturesque, led him to make paintings which are now historical resources. A landscape painter and a costumbrista, he was the first visual artist to leave records of the ordinary inhabitants of the newly emergent Argentina and Uruguay, including the first depictions of gauchos. He also left records of Canada, Brazil, the West Indies and St Helena, where he sketched the newly deceased Napoleon. No full-length biography of Vidal yet exists; only brief accounts, written from the viewpoints of the lands he visited. Although a number of his watercolours have been published as hand-coloured aquatints, or by modern printing methods, or sold at auction, it is plausible that most have been lost or await rediscovery in private collections.

A very different watercolour (1835) serves to document an aspect of life on the South America station. The high-status individuals attending this Rio de Janeiro ball include the Governor General of India and the best-selling novelist Emily Eden.

Sketch of the ball given by Admiral Sir G.E. Hamond to Lord Auckland on board HMS Dublin in Rio de Janeiro - E.E. Vidal - 30 November 1835[102] A rare image of a formal ball aboard a man o' war. Lord Auckland was on his way out to India to serve as Governor General. (The winds were such that Brazil was usually the quickest way to India; the Portuguese had discovered Brazil in 1500 for that very reason.) From the canopy of flags it may be inferred that the diplomatic corps was invited. Flag officers on foreign stations were, in effect, floating diplomats, and cultivated links accordingly.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanaque,_New_Jersey

Wanaque, New Jersey

Transportation

Wanaque, New Jersey / Transportation

English: View south along Interstate 287 between Exit 55 and Exit 53 in Wanaque, Passaic County, New Jersey

Wanaque is a borough in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 11,116, reflecting an increase of 850 from the 10,266 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 555 from the 9,711 counted in the 1990 Census.

I-287 southbound in Wanaque

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achaemenid_Macedonia

Achaemenid Macedonia

492–479 BC: Achaemenid suzerainty

Achaemenid Macedonia / 492–479 BC: Achaemenid suzerainty

English: Xerxes I tomb Ionian with petasos soldier circa 480 BCE

Achaemenid Macedonia refers to the period in which the ancient Greek Kingdom of Macedonia was under the sway of the Achaemenid Persians. In 512/511 BC, the Persian general Megabyzus forced the Macedonian king Amyntas I to make his kingdom a vassal of the Achaemenids. In 492 BC, following the Ionian Revolt, the Persian general Mardonius firmly re-tightened the Persian grip in the Balkans, making Macedon a fully subordinate kingdom within the Achaemenid domains and part of its administrative system, until the definite withdrawal of the Persians from their European territories following the failure of the Second Persian invasion of Greece.

Following the collapse of the Ionian Revolt, Persian authority in the Balkans was restored by Mardonius in 492 BC, which not only included the re-subjugation of Thrace, but also the inclusion of Macedon as part of the Persian Empire under the satrapy of Skudra. According to Herodotus, Mardonius' main task was to force the suzerainty of Athens and Eretria, along with as many other Greek cities as possible. After having crossed to Europe, Mardonius and his army reached the Persian garrison of Doriscus, and from there, the army separated. The Persian navy brought Thasos under Persian suzerainty, while the infantry continued its way towards Mount Pangaeum, and after crossing the Angites, entered the lands of the Paeonians and re-asserted Persian suzerainty there. Heading towards the Thermaic Gulf, the infantry and the navy encountered difficulties; the former was attacked at night by the Byrgi, while a strong storm devastated the latter. The Byrgi were eventually subdued and the remaining Persian navy continued the campaign. Having arrived at the eastern border of Macedon, Alexander I of Macedon was forced to acknowledge Persian suzerainty over his kingdom. As a result of Mardonius' campaign, Macedonia was incorporated into the administrative system of Persia. As Herodotus mentions in his Histories; "(...) and with their army they added the Macedonians to the already existing slaves [of the Persians]; for all the peoples on their side of Macedonia had already been subjected to them". The Persian invasion led indirectly to Macedonia's later rise in power as Persia and Macedon had some common interests in the Balkans. Thanks to the Persians, the Macedonians stood to gain much at the expense of some of the Balkan tribes such as the Paeonians and Thracians. All in all, the Macedonians were "willing and useful Persian allies". Macedonian soldiers fought against Athens and Sparta in Xerxes' army. In Macedon, abundant food supplies of the Persians were stored during their rule. Due to the scarce resources available in Macedon at that time, it is debatable whether Macedon hosted any Persian garrisons. Although Persian rule in the Balkans was overthrown following the failure of Xerxes' invasion of Greece, the Macedonians (and Thracians) borrowed heavily from the Achaemenid Persian traditions, culture and economy during the fifth to mid fourth centuries BC. Some artefacts, excavated at Sindos and Vergina may be considered as influenced by Persian culture, or even imported from Persia in the late sixth and early fifth centuries BC.

"Ionian with shield-hat" (possibly Macedonian wearing the petasos or kausia), as soldier of the Achaemenid army, circa 480 BC. Xerxes I tomb relief.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroon

Cameroon

Economy and infrastructure

Cameroon / Economy and infrastructure

This is an image with the theme "Africa on the Move or Transport" from: Cameroon

Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west and north; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the Bight of Biafra, part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. Although Cameroon is not an ECOWAS member state, it is geographically and historically in West Africa with the Southern Cameroons which now form her Nord-Ouest and Sud-Ouest Regions having a strong West African history. However, since 2017, elements within the South West and North West regions have since declared an independent state called Ambazonia. The country is sometimes identified as West African and other times as Central African due to its strategic position at the crossroads between West and Central Africa. Cameroon is home to over 250 native languages spoken by nearly 25 million people. Early inhabitants of the territory included the Sao civilisation around Lake Chad and the Baka hunter-gatherers in the southeastern rainforest.

Cameroon's per capita GDP (Purchasing power parity) was estimated as US$3,700 in 2017. Major export markets include the Netherlands, France, China, Belgium, Italy, Algeria, and Malaysia. Cameroon has had a decade of strong economic performance, with GDP growing at an average of 4% per year. During the 2004–2008 period, public debt was reduced from over 60% of GDP to 10% and official reserves quadrupled to over US$3 billion. Cameroon is part of the Bank of Central African States (of which it is the dominant economy), the Customs and Economic Union of Central Africa (UDEAC) and the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA). Its currency is the CFA franc. Unemployment was estimated at 3.38% in 2019, and 23.8% of the population was living below the international poverty threshold of US$1.90 a day in 2014. Since the late 1980s, Cameroon has been following programmes advocated by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) to reduce poverty, privatise industries, and increase economic growth. The government has taken measures to encourage tourism in the country. An estimated 70% of the population farms, and agriculture comprised an estimated 16.7% of GDP in 2017. Most agriculture is done at the subsistence scale by local farmers using simple tools. They sell their surplus produce, and some maintain separate fields for commercial use. Urban centres are particularly reliant on peasant agriculture for their foodstuffs. Soils and climate on the coast encourage extensive commercial cultivation of bananas, cocoa, oil palms, rubber, and tea. Inland on the South Cameroon Plateau, cash crops include coffee, sugar, and tobacco. Coffee is a major cash crop in the western highlands, and in the north, natural conditions favour crops such as cotton, groundnuts, and rice. Livestock are raised throughout the country. Fishing employs 5,000 people and provides over 100,000 tons of seafood each year. Bushmeat, long a staple food for rural Cameroonians, is today a delicacy in the country's urban centres. The commercial bushmeat trade has now surpassed deforestation as the main threat to wildlife in Cameroon. The southern rainforest has vast timber reserves, estimated to cover 37% of Cameroon's total land area. However, large areas of the forest are difficult to reach. Logging, largely handled by foreign-owned firms, provides the government US$60 million a year in taxes (as of 1998), and laws mandate the safe and sustainable exploitation of timber. Nevertheless, in practice, the industry is one of the least regulated in Cameroon. Factory-based industry accounted for an estimated 26.5% of GDP in 2017. More than 75% of Cameroon's industrial strength is located in Douala and Bonabéri. Cameroon possesses substantial mineral resources, but these are not extensively mined (see Mining in Cameroon). Petroleum exploitation has fallen since 1986, but this is still a substantial sector such that dips in prices have a strong effect on the economy. Rapids and waterfalls obstruct the southern rivers, but these sites offer opportunities for hydroelectric development and supply most of Cameroon's energy. The Sanaga River powers the largest hydroelectric station, located at Edéa. The rest of Cameroon's energy comes from oil-powered thermal engines. Much of the country remains without reliable power supplies. Transport in Cameroon is often difficult. Only 6.6% of the roadways are tarred. Roadblocks often serve little other purpose than to allow police and gendarmes to collect bribes from travellers. Road banditry has long hampered transport along the eastern and western borders, and since 2005, the problem has intensified in the east as the Central African Republic has further destabilised. Intercity bus services run by multiple private companies connect all major cities. They are the most popular means of transportation followed by the rail service Camrail. Rail service runs from Kumba in the west to Bélabo in the east and north to Ngaoundéré. International airports are located in Douala and Yaoundé, with a third under construct

Cargo train on the move in Cameroon

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Warehouse_Group

The Warehouse Group

The Warehouse Local

The Warehouse Group / Business / The Warehouse Local

Warehouse local, Mosgiel, NZ

The Warehouse Group also referred to as TWG, was founded by Stephen Tindall in 1982, and is the largest retail group operating in New Zealand. The Warehouse Group is a group that consists of The Warehouse, Warehouse Stationery, Noel Leeming, Torpedo7, and TheMarket.

On Thursday 23 July 2009, The Warehouse Group opened the first of its smaller-concept stores, The Warehouse Local, in Mosgiel. These stores are approximately 2000 square metres in size, compared with the usual 5000 square meters seen in larger locations. These stores also have single checkout counters, doing without dedicated Service, Jewellery and Entertainment counters which are present in most other stores. Another 3 stores were intended to be launched per year, following this concept. While the "Local" naming is no longer used, smaller stores in Rolleston and St Lukes have opened using the smaller format.

Street view of Mosgiel's Warehouse Local store

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwun_Tong_Ferry_Pier

Kwun Tong Ferry Pier

Kwun Tong Ferry Pier

English: 水路zh:北角至zh:觀塘 觀塘碼頭 富裕小輪

Kwun Tong Ferry Pier is a ferry pier situated on Hoi Yuen Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The pier was originally situated at Ngau Tau Kok called "Ngau Tau Kok Ferry Pier", but during the 1960s, due to reclamation work, the pier was moved to Kwun Tong. The ferry pier complex consists of three piers: a passenger ferry pier, a vehicular ferry pier and a public pier. Parts of the ground floor and upper floor of the vehicular ferry pier were used as Kwun Tong Driving School. There is a footbridge linking Kwun Tong Ferry Pier and Manulife Financial Centre. The passenger ferry pier used to provide services to both Shau Kei Wan and North Point, but after the Shau Kei Wan service was terminated, its half of the ferry pier was converted into a supermarket. As business declined it also closed. Today it is no longer occupied, but is sometimes used as exhibition space. There is a bus terminus, which is known as Kwun Tong Ferry, is the largest bus terminus in Kwun Tong District.

Kwun Tong Ferry Pier (Chinese: 觀塘碼頭) is a ferry pier situated on Hoi Yuen Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The pier was originally situated at Ngau Tau Kok called "Ngau Tau Kok Ferry Pier" (Chinese: 牛頭角碼頭), but during the 1960s, due to reclamation work, the pier was moved to Kwun Tong. The ferry pier complex consists of three piers: a passenger ferry pier, a vehicular ferry pier and a public pier. Parts of the ground floor and upper floor of the vehicular ferry pier were used as Kwun Tong Driving School. There is a footbridge linking Kwun Tong Ferry Pier and Manulife Financial Centre. The passenger ferry pier used to provide services to both Shau Kei Wan and North Point, but after the Shau Kei Wan service was terminated, its half of the ferry pier was converted into a supermarket. As business declined it also closed. Today it is no longer occupied, but is sometimes used as exhibition space. There is a bus terminus, which is known as Kwun Tong Ferry, is the largest bus terminus in Kwun Tong District.

Kwun Tong Ferry Pier side view

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Gallup_(PF-47)

USS Gallup (PF-47)

USS Gallup (PF-47)

English: The United States Navy patrol frigate USS Gallup (PF-47) at San Pedro, California. The U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships conceived the camouflage scheme of dull black, ocean gray, light gray, and deck blue in which she is painted specifically for her.

The second USS Gallup (PF-47), a Tacoma-class frigate in commission from 1944 to 1945 and from 1950 to 1951, was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for Gallup, New Mexico. She also served in the Soviet Navy as EK-22 and in the Royal Thai Navy as HTMS Prasae.

The second USS Gallup (PF-47), a Tacoma-class frigate in commission from 1944 to 1945 and from 1950 to 1951, was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for Gallup, New Mexico. She also served in the Soviet Navy as EK-22 and in the Royal Thai Navy as HTMS Prasae (PF 2).

USS Gallup (PF-47) at San Pedro, California, on 30 May 1944. The US Navy Bureau of Ships conceived the camouflage scheme of dull black, ocean gray, light gray, and deck blue in which she is painted specifically for her.[1]

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympatry

Sympatry

Great spotted cuckoo and magpie: brood parasitism

Sympatry / Examples / Great spotted cuckoo and magpie: brood parasitism

English: A Great Spotted Cuckoo (Clamator glandarius) in a late evening. Balcalı, Sarıçam - Adana, Turkey. Türkçe: Geç akşam vaktinde bir Tepeli Guguk (Clamator glandarius). Balcalı, Sarıçam - Adana, Türkiye. Français : Un Coucou geai (Clamator glandarius) dans en fin de soirée. Balcalı, Sarıçam - Adana, Turquie.

In biology, two related species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter one another. An initially interbreeding population that splits into two or more distinct species sharing a common range exemplifies sympatric speciation. Such speciation may be a product of reproductive isolation – which prevents hybrid offspring from being viable or able to reproduce, thereby reducing gene flow – that results in genetic divergence. Sympatric speciation does not imply secondary contact, which is speciation or divergence in allopatry followed by range expansions leading to an area of sympatry. Sympatric species or taxa in secondary contact may or may not interbreed.

The parasitic great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius) and its magpie host, both native to Southern Europe, are completely sympatric species. However, the duration of their sympatry varies with location. For example, great spotted cuckoos and their magpie hosts in Hoya de Gaudix, southern Spain, have lived in sympatry since the early 1960s, while species in other locations have more recently become sympatric. Great spotted cuckoos, when in South Africa, are sympatric with at least 8 species of starling and 2 crows, pied crow and Cape crow. The great spotted cuckoo exhibits brood parasitism by laying a mimicked version of the magpie egg in the magpie's nest. Since cuckoo eggs hatch before magpie eggs, magpie hatchlings must compete with cuckoo hatchlings for resources provided by the magpie mother. This relationship between the cuckoo and the magpie in various locations can be characterized as either recently sympatric or anciently sympatric. The results of an experiment by Soler and Moller (1990) showed that in areas of ancient sympatry (species in cohabitation for many generations), magpies were more likely to reject most of the cuckoo eggs, as these magpies had developed counter-adaptations that aid in identification of egg type. In areas of recent sympatry, magpies rejected comparatively fewer cuckoo eggs. Thus, sympatry can cause coevolution, by which both species undergo genetic changes due to the selective pressures that one species exerts on the other.

Great spotted cuckoo, sympatric with the magpie

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamison_Jones

Jamison Jones

Jamison Jones

English: Jamison Jones at the dream foundation charity event in Santa Barbara, CA.

Jamison Jones is an American actor. He is known for his roles in the 2007 film He Was a Quiet Man, as a regular cast member on General Hospital, and in the Fox series 24. He originated the title role in the world premiere of Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa’s Doctor Cerberus at the Tony Award-winning South Coast Repertory. Jones has also guest-starred on several television series, including Burn Notice, Will & Grace, CSI: NY, NCIS, Kamen Rider Dragon Knight and The Whispers.

Jamison Jones is an American actor. He is known for his roles in the 2007 film He Was a Quiet Man, as a regular cast member on General Hospital, and in the Fox series 24. He originated the title role in the world premiere of Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa’s Doctor Cerberus at the Tony Award-winning South Coast Repertory. Jones has also guest-starred on several television series, including Burn Notice, Will & Grace, CSI: NY, NCIS, Kamen Rider Dragon Knight and The Whispers.

Jones in November 2011

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_Station_Zebra_(novel)

Ice Station Zebra (novel)

Background and origin of plot

Ice Station Zebra (novel) / Background and origin of plot

English: USS Skate (SSN-578) having surfaced in the Arctic in 1959

Ice Station Zebra is a 1963 thriller novel written by Scottish author Alistair MacLean. It marked a return to MacLean's classic Arctic setting. After completing this novel, whose plot line parallels real-life events during the Cold War, MacLean retired from writing for three years. In 1968 it was loosely adapted into a film of the same name.

The novel was influenced by the heightened atmosphere of the Cold War, with its escalating series of international crises in the late 1950s and early 1960s, such as the U-2 incident; West Berlin; unrest in Hungary, Indochina, Congo, and Latin America; and the Cuban Missile Crisis. The novel exploits contemporary fascination with the under-the-ice exploits of such American nuclear-powered submarines as Nautilus (first to pass under the North Pole), Skate, Sargo and Seadragon. MacLean may have been anticipating the excitement of his British readers regarding the upcoming commissioning of HMS Dreadnought, the Royal Navy's first nuclear submarine. Also, MacLean may have been influenced by press reports about the nuclear-powered submarine USS Skate visiting Ice Station Alpha, located on Ice Island T-3 in the Arctic, on 14 August 1958, as part of the International Geophysical Year (IGY). At the time that the novel was published, under-the-ice operations by US Navy nuclear-powered submarines were prohibited until SUBSAFE measures had been implemented following the loss of USS Thresher. Ice Station Zebra also uses the accelerating Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union as the backdrop for the novel, and may have been directly inspired by news accounts from 17 April 1959, about a missing experimental Corona satellite capsule (Discoverer ll) that inadvertently landed near Spitzbergen on 13 April and may have been recovered by Soviet agents. In 2006 the National Reconnaissance Office declassified information stating that "an individual formerly possessing CORONA access was the technical adviser to the movie" and admitted "the resemblance of the loss of the DISCOVERER II capsule, and its probable recovery by the Soviets" on Spitsbergen Island, to the book by Alistair MacLean. The story has parallels with CIA Operation Cold Feet, which took place in May/June 1962. In this operation, two American officers parachuted from a CIA-operated Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress to an abandoned Soviet ice station. After searching the station, they were picked up three days later by the B-17 using the Fulton Sky hook system. Finally, MacLean even mentions the newly-operational Soviet nuclear-powered icebreaker Lenin by involving the ship in an aborted attempt to reach the survivors at Drift Ice Station Zebra. Maclean says he got much of the technical information of the novel from an American naval commander called Polaris 19 North.

USS Skate

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Famous_Victories_of_Henry_V

The Famous Victories of Henry V

The Famous Victories of Henry V

English: Title page of The famovs victories of Henry the Fifth Containing the Honourable Battell of Agin-Court

The Famous Victories of Henry the fifth: Containing the Honourable Battel of Agin-court: As it was plaide by the Queenes Maiesties Players, is an anonymous Elizabethan play, which is generally thought to be a source for Shakespeare's Henriad. It was entered by printer Thomas Creede in the Stationers' Register in 1594, but the earliest known edition is from 1598. A second quarto was published in 1617. The play covers the riotous youth of Prince Henry and his transformation into a warrior king, ending with his victory at Agincourt and his wooing of Princess Katherine. The work is of unknown authorship, and various possible authors have been proposed, including a young Shakespeare, though this view is not widely accepted by scholars.

The Famous Victories of Henry the fifth: Containing the Honourable Battel of Agin-court: As it was plaide by the Queenes Maiesties Players, is an anonymous Elizabethan play, which is generally thought to be a source for Shakespeare's Henriad (Henry IV, Part 1, Henry IV, Part 2, and Henry V). It was entered by printer Thomas Creede in the Stationers' Register in 1594, but the earliest known edition is from 1598. A second quarto was published in 1617. The play covers the riotous youth of Prince Henry and his transformation into a warrior king, ending with his victory at Agincourt and his wooing of Princess Katherine. The work is of unknown authorship, and various possible authors have been proposed, including a young Shakespeare, though this view is not widely accepted by scholars.

Title page of 1598 quarto

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C4%BEk%C3%BD_Rozsutec

Veľký Rozsutec

Veľký Rozsutec

Veľký Rozsutec is a mountain situated in the Malá Fatra mountain range in the Žilina Region, Slovakia. The peak is situated in the north part of Malá Fatra called Krivánska Malá Fatra and is part of the Malá Fatra National Park and Rozsutec National Nature Reserve. Veľký Rozsutec and the surrounding area are home to many endangered species of plants and animals, some of which are endemic, as well as rare karst terrain.

Veľký Rozsutec (1,609.7 m; 5,281.17 ft AMSL) is a mountain situated in the Malá Fatra mountain range in the Žilina Region, Slovakia. The peak is situated in the north part of Malá Fatra called Krivánska Malá Fatra and is part of the Malá Fatra National Park and Rozsutec National Nature Reserve (since 1967). Veľký Rozsutec and the surrounding area are home to many endangered species of plants and animals, some of which are endemic, as well as rare karst terrain.

Veľký Rozsutec as seen from the Poludňový Grúň (1,460 m) Mountain

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Velky_Rozsutec.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Gotthelf

Michael Gotthelf

Michael Gotthelf

English: Michael Gotthelf and award winner Hillary Clinton at the Walther Rathenau Award Ceremony in 2011 Deutsch: Michael Gotthelf mit Preisträgerin Hillary Clinton bei der Verleihung des Rathenaupreises im Jahre 2011

Michael Alfred Gotthelf is a German entrepreneur and publicist. He is the initiator and founder of both the literary prize Ludwig-Börne-Preis and the Walther Rathenau Institut, a foundation for international policy that awards the Walther-Rathenau-Preis.

Michael Alfred Gotthelf (born 1953 in Frankfurt) is a German entrepreneur and publicist. He is the initiator and founder of both the literary prize Ludwig-Börne-Preis and the Walther Rathenau Institut, a foundation for international policy that awards the Walther-Rathenau-Preis.

Michael Gotthelf and Hillary Clinton at the Walther Rathenau Award Ceremony in 2011

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poudre_Canyon

Poudre Canyon

Description

Poudre Canyon / Description

The Poudre Canyon is a narrow verdant canyon, approximately 40 mi long, on the upper Cache la Poudre River in Larimer County, Colorado in the United States. The canyon is a glacier-formed valley through the foothills of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains northwest of Fort Collins.

The canyon begins in northern Rocky Mountain National Park, at an elevation of approximately 9,000 ft (2,700 m), where the Poudre descends from near the continental divide. It winds gently to the northeast, then east, descending the slope of the Colorado Tertiary Pediment, emerging through the southern end of the Laramie Foothills north of Bellvue at an elevation of approximately 5,000 ft (1,500 m). Except for the small upper portion of the canyon north of Rocky Mountain National Park, State Highway 14 runs through the canyon. The route of the highway provides the principal vehicle access to the canyon and furnishes a road link between Fort Collins and North Park on the western side of Cameron Pass, which is accessible from the upper canyon. Most of the canyon is within the Canyon Lakes Ranger District of the Roosevelt National Forest, which is headquartered in nearby Fort Collins. The flanks of the canyon wall are gently sloping and forested along most of its length, with the exception of several "narrows", at which the river has carved through recent formations leaving behind large glacial debris. The canyon is inhabited along most of its length downstream from Kinikinik. All of the communities in the canyon are unincorporated. Most of the habitation is the form of small cabins, some of which are inhabited only during season. Resort cabin communities for fishing and hunting are found sporadically along the canyon downstream from Rustic, which at one time in the late 19th century was a bustling summer resort, and burned down in 2008. The relative isolation of the canyon compared to ones further south along the Colorado Front Range gives a tranquil atmosphere with only small-scale tourist enterprises. The canyon is distinctly less developed than the Big Thompson Canyon west of Loveland. The commercial establishments, notably in Poudre Park, cater mostly to local clientele except during the fishing and whitewater rafting season, when the canyon receives a modest number of regional and national visitors. Colorado State University operates a small campus in the mountains at Pingree Park, which is named for George Pingree, an early settler in the canyon in the 19th century. Near Pingree Park is Sky Ranch Lutheran Camp, a summer camp affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. The national forest in the vicinity of the canyon is laced with numerous trails that follow side gulches into the surrounding mountains. The trails serve double seasonal duty, as hiking trails in the summer and as cross-country skiing trails in the winter. One such trailhead at Long Draw Reservoir leads over La Poudre Pass along the Never Summer Mountains to the headwaters of the Colorado River in Rocky Mountain National Park. The most popular species for fishing in the river are various species of trout which are stocked in the river annually by the Colorado Division of Wildlife. The United States Forest Service maintains a series of picnic areas and campgrounds along the river, including one campground facility named for local historian Ansel Watrous, whose 1911 history of the area is the standard early reference about the canyon itself. The canyon was inhabited by Utes in the 19th century and was the site of trapping expeditions by early settlers. The relative lack of mineral resources in the surrounding area spared the canyon from intense population increases during the Colorado mining boom (see Colorado Gold Rush). In the early 1880s, the canyon was surveyed for a railroad by archrivals, the Union Pacific Railroad and the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, with the intention of completing a transcontinental line through the Rockies. The canyon was never the site of a railroad, however, and it was not until the 1920s that a road was constructed through the narrows.

Rustic Resort in the upper Poudre Canyon

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/DSCN1796_rusticresort_e_600.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972_Summer_Paralympics_medal_table

1972 Summer Paralympics medal table

1972 Summer Paralympics medal table

Deutsch: Weltspiele der Gelähmten 1972 in Heidelberg English: Paralympic games 1972 in Heidelberg in Graphics by Schwarz Ausgabepreis: 40 Pfennig First Day of Issue / Erstausgabetag: 18. Juli 1972 Michel-Katalog-Nr: 733

A postage stamp featuring a red image of an archer with drawn bow sat in a wheelchair, on a yellow background

The 21st International Stoke Mandeville Games, later known as the 1972 Summer Paralympics was an international multi-sport event held in Heidelberg, West Germany, from August 2 to 11, 1972, in which athletes with physical disabilities competed against one another. The German Disabled Sports Association planned to stage the Games in Munich following the 1972 Olympic Games, however the Olympic village in Munich was designated to be closed and converted into private apartments. The organisers tried to arrange for alternative accommodation for the athletes but when this was not possible the city of Heidelberg stepped in with an invite to stage the Games at the University of Heidelberg's Institute for Physical Training. In total 575 medals were awarded in 187 events in 10 different sports. Of the 42 competing National Paralympic Committees 31 won at least one medal. The host nation won the most gold medals, with 28, and the United States won the most total medals with 74.

The 21st International Stoke Mandeville Games, later known as the 1972 Summer Paralympics (also known as the XXI World Games for the Paralysed) was an international multi-sport event held in Heidelberg, West Germany, from August 2 to 11, 1972, in which athletes with physical disabilities competed against one another. The German Disabled Sports Association planned to stage the Games in Munich following the 1972 Olympic Games, however the Olympic village in Munich was designated to be closed and converted into private apartments. The organisers tried to arrange for alternative accommodation for the athletes but when this was not possible the city of Heidelberg stepped in with an invite to stage the Games at the University of Heidelberg's Institute for Physical Training. In total 575 medals were awarded in 187 events in 10 different sports. Of the 42 competing National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) 31 won at least one medal. The host nation won the most gold medals, with 28, and the United States won the most total medals with 74. Rhodesia competed at these Games, winning 12 medals, but did not take part at the 1972 Summer Olympics after their invitation was withdrawn by the International Olympic Committee, four days before the opening ceremony, in response to African countries' protests against the Rhodesian regime. This medal table ranks the competing NPCs by the number of gold medals won by their athletes. Notable gold medallists included Canadian Eugene Reimer, who set a world record in discus with a throw of 29.91 metres and also won a gold medal in the pentathlon and silver in the 4×60 metres wheelchair relay. A crowd of 4,000 watched the United States defeat defending champions Israel 59–58 to take the gold medal in men's wheelchair basketball. Zipora Rubin-Rosenbaum of Israel won a gold medal in the women's javelin throw 5 event, with a new world record of 18.50 metres, and also won a silver medal in the shot put.

A German postage stamp released at the time of the Games

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Gilbert_Scott

George Gilbert Scott

Public buildings

George Gilbert Scott / Architectural work / Public buildings

Panoramic view of Brill's swimming bath, Brighton. Lithograph by J. Drayton Wyatt after himself after G.G. Scott. Iconographic Collections Keywords: J. Drayton Wyatt; George Gilbert Scott

Sir Gilbert Scott RA, styled Sir Gilbert Scott, was a prolific English Gothic revival architect, chiefly associated with the design, building and renovation of churches and cathedrals, although he started his career as a leading designer of workhouses. Over 800 buildings were designed or altered by him. Scott was the architect of many iconic buildings, including the Midland Grand Hotel at St Pancras Station, the Albert Memorial, and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, all in London, St Mary's Cathedral, Glasgow, the main building of the University of Glasgow, St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh and King's College Chapel, London.

Church in Forest gate, London Emmanuel Church, Forest Gate(1852) Workhouse in Winslow, Buckinghamshire (1835) Workhouses (1836) in: Amesbury, Wiltshire; Buckingham, Buckinghamshire; Kettering, Northamptonshire; Northampton, Northamptonshire; Oundle, Northamptonshire; Tiverton, Devon; Totnes, Devon; Towcester, Northamptonshire Workhouse in Guildford, Surrey (1836–38) Workhouses (1837) in: Bideford, Devon; Boston, Lincolnshire; Clutton, Somerset; Flax Bourton, Somerset; Gloucester, Gloucestershire; Liskeard, Cornwall; Newton Abbot, Devon; Hundleby, Lincolnshire; Tavistock, Devon The workhouse in Loughborough, Leicestershire (1837–38) Workhouses (1838) in: Amersham, Buckinghamshire; Belper, Derbyshire; Great Dunmow, Essex; Lichfield, Staffordshire; Mere, Wiltshire; Penzance, Cornwall; Redruth, Cornwall Workhouse (1838) ; Williton, Somerset and 'sister design' Witham, Essex Workhouses (1839) in: Billericay, Essex; Bedworth, Warwickshire; Edmonton, London; Louth, Lincolnshire; Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire; Old Windsor, Berkshire; St Austell, Cornwall; Uttoxeter, Staffordshire Buckingham Gaol extension and alterations (1839) in: Buckingham, Buckinghamshire The workhouse in Lutterworth, Leicestershire (1839–40) School and Master's House, Hartshill, Stoke on Trent (1840) Infant Orphan Asylum, Wanstead, Essex (1841–43) Martyrs' Memorial, Oxford (1841–43) Reading Gaol, Berkshire (1842–44) Lunatic Asylum, Shelton, Shropshire (1843) The workhouse, Macclesfield, Cheshire (1843) Lunatic Asylum, Clifton, York (1845) Lunatic Asylum, Wells, Somerset (1845) Astbury School and Masters House Congleton (1848) Christ Church School, Alsager, Cheshire (1848) Brighton College, Sussex (1848–1866) Sandbach School, Sandbach, Cheshire (1849) School, Trefnant, Denbighshire (c. 1855) School, Tysoe, Warwickshire (1856) Literary Institution, Sandbach (1857) Crimea War Memorial, Westminster School, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster (1858) School, Ashley, Northamptonshire (1858) The Vaughan Library, Harrow School, Middlesex (1861–63) Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Whitehall, London (1861–1868) Preston Town Hall, Lancashire (1862–67), destroyed by fire in 1947 Old Schools, Cambridge (1864–67) Leeds General Infirmary (1864–67) the Albert Memorial, London (1864–72); in the podium frieze, one of the images of architects, sculpted by John Birnie Philip shows Scott himself. Midland Grand Hotel, St Pancras Station, London (1865) McManus Galleries – formerly the Albert Institute, Dundee (1865–69) The School, Great Dunmow, Essex (1866) Brill Swimming Baths, Brighton (1866–69) demolished 1929 Clifton Hampden Bridge, Oxfordshire (1867) Hall Cross School's library in Doncaster (1868) Market Cross, Helmsley, Yorkshire (1869) School Nocton, Lincolnshire (1869) Extension Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford (1869–71) Cemetery Chapel, Ramsgate, Kent (1869–1872) Lincoln's Inn, London, Library extension (1870–72), New Chambers Block A (1873) and New Chambers Block B (1876–78) the main building of the new campus of the University of Glasgow (1870), often called the "Gilbert Scott Building" Savernake Hospital, Wiltshire (1871–72) Gatehouse to Ramsgate Cemetery, Kent (1872) The University Senate Hall, Bombay University (1869–74) The University Library and Rajabai Clock Tower, Bombay University (1869–78) The Clarkson Memorial in Wisbech. Scott first put forward designs in 1875, but work did not start until 1880. The eventual design was a slightly altered version of Scott's original design.

Panoramic view of Brill's swimming bath, Brighton. Lithograph by J. Drayton Wyatt

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XScale

XScale

PXA210/PXA25x

XScale / Processor families / PXA / PXA210/PXA25x

English: Typhoon MyGuide 3500 mobile - controller - Intel PXA255A0C300 - PXA255 XScale Processor. Package: PBGA

XScale is a microarchitecture for central processing units initially designed by Intel implementing the ARM architecture instruction set. XScale comprises several distinct families: IXP, IXC, IOP, PXA and CE, with some later models designed as SoCs. Intel sold the PXA family to Marvell Technology Group in June 2006. Marvell then extended the brand to include processors with other microarchitectures, like ARM's Cortex. The XScale architecture is based on the ARMv5TE ISA without the floating point instructions. XScale uses a seven-stage integer and an eight-stage memory super-pipelined microarchitecture. It is the successor to the Intel StrongARM line of microprocessors and microcontrollers, which Intel acquired from DEC's Digital Semiconductor division as part of a settlement of a lawsuit between the two companies. Intel used the StrongARM to replace its ailing line of outdated RISC processors, the i860 and i960. All the generations of XScale are 32-bit ARMv5TE processors manufactured with a 0.18 μm or 0.13 μm process and have a 32 KB data cache and a 32 KB instruction cache. First and second generation XScale multi-core processors also have a 2 KB mini data cache.

The PXA210 was Intel's entry-level XScale targeted at mobile phone applications. It was released with the PXA250 in February 2002 and comes clocked at 133 MHz and 200 MHz. The PXA25x family (code-named Cotulla) consists of the PXA250 and PXA255. The PXA250 was Intel's first generation of XScale processors. There was a choice of three clock speeds: 200 MHz, 300 MHz and 400 MHz. It came out in February 2002. In March 2003, the revision C0 of the PXA250 was renamed to PXA255. The main differences were a doubled internal bus speed (100 MHz to 200 MHz) for faster data transfer, lower core voltage (only 1.3 V at 400 MHz) for lower power consumption and writeback functionality for the data cache, the lack of which had severely impaired performance on the PXA250.

Intel PXA255

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