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Q6389287

Kenilworth (Washington, D.C.) Kenilworth is a residential neighborhood in Northeast Washington, D.C., located on the eastern bank of the Anacostia River and just inside the D.C.-Maryland border. A large public housing complex, Kenilworth Courts, dominates the area. The neighborhood is famous for the Kenilworth Park and Aquatic Gardens, a national park whose centerpiece is a series of ponds carved out of Anacostia River marshland. Visitors come especially during June and July to see the beautiful blooming water lilies and lotus flowers. Kenilworth Park, which includes the Kenilworth-Parkside Recreation Center, also carries the neighborhood name, though most of the park's area is actually located adjacent to the modern neighborhoods of Parkside and Eastland Gardens.The boundaries of Kenilworth are not always agreed upon. A broad interpretation of neighborhood area has Kenilworth bounded by Eastern Avenue to the north, Nash Street to the south, Anacostia Avenue to the west, and the tracks of the Washington Metro to the east. A stricter interpretation of neighborhood boundaries, based on present-day resident understanding, would be the DC-MD line to the north, Piney Branch or Nash Run creek to the south (on the other side of which is the Eastland Gardens neighborhood), Anacostia Avenue to the west, and Kenilworth Avenue to the east.To meet the needs of the expanding population of Washington, D.C., in 1942 the Kenilworth Dump was created on the riverside south of the Kenilworth neighborhood, where piles of garbage were burned in the open space. The community complained about the pollution from open burning, and Lady Bird Johnson became involved in the campaign to close the dump. In February 1968 a boy was accidentally burned to death at the site. Shortly afterwards the city banned the open fires and the Dump became a sanitary landfill instead. In the early 1970s, the Dump closed and the land was converted to a park.Kenilworth gained national attention in 1988 when its government-built housing development, Kenilworth Courts (along with a small sister development called Parkside, located about a mile southwest of Kenilworth), became the first public housing project to be sold to its residents in an initiative championed by Mayor Marion Barry, President Ronald Reagan, and U.S. Representative Jack Kemp. In the neighborhood, this effort was directed by Kenilworth Courts resident Kimi Gray, who formed the Kenilworth-Parkside Resident Management Corporation (KPRMC). Subsequent renovations of the complex did not go as planned, and in early 2000 the DC Housing Authority (DCHA) took back control of much of the neighborhood. Kimi Gray, whose leadership had driven the resident management and ownership movement, died in 2000. KPRMC still controls about a third of Kenilworth Courts' 400-plus units, but a plan for residents to actually own their own homes never came through.About 40% of Kenilworth-Parkside residents lived below the poverty level in 2016. The DC Promise Neighborhood Initiative works with local schools and provides supportive services to families. Almost half of the neighborhood's 2,000 children in attend schools in other parts of the city.The Anacostia Waterfront Corporation, a city-chartered corporation charged with developing the area along the Anacostia River, has plans to revitalize the Kenilworth's sister neighborhood of Parkside as a mixed-income, mixed-use neighborhood, including 2,000 new residential units and 500,000 square feet (50,000 m²) of commercial space. The neighborhood was cut off from the rest of the city when the Anacostia Freeway was built in the 1950s, and has no grocery store. AWC intends to work extensively on making the area more pedestrian-friendly, by building walkways to the Anacostia Riverwalk and Marvin Gaye Park and a pedestrian bridge to the Minnesota Avenue station, the closest Metro station to Kenilworth. AWC presented the final plan to the D.C. Council in 2007.

1336755241800574156

Q317205

Tushratta History At the beginning of his reign, the Hittite King Suppiluliuma I, reconquered Kizzuwatna, then invaded the western part of the Euphrates valley and conquered the Amurru and Nuhašše in Hanigalbat. According to the Suppiluliuma-Shattiwaza treaty, Suppiluliuma had made a treaty with Artatama, a rival of Tushratta. Nothing is known of Artatama's previous life or connection, if any, to the royal family. The document calls him king of the Hurrians, while Tushratta is given the title of "King of Mitanni", which must have disagreed with Tushratta. Suppiluliuma started to plunder the lands of the west bank of the Euphrates river and he annexed Mount Lebanon. Tushratta threatened to raid beyond the Euphrates if even a single lamb or kid was stolen.Suppiluliuma then recounts how the land of Isuwa on the upper Euphrates had seceded in the time of his grandfather. Attempts to conquer it failed. In the time of his father, other cities rebelled. Suppiluliumas claims to have defeated them, but the survivors fled to the territory of Isuwa that must have been part of Tushratta's realm. A clause to return fugitives was part of many treaties made at the time, so possibly the harbouring of fugitives by Isuwa formed the pretext for the Hittite invasion.A Hittite army crossed the border, entered Isuwa and returned the fugitives (or deserters or exile governments) to Hittite rule. "I freed the lands which I captured; they dwelt in their places. All the people whom I released rejoined their peoples and Hatti incorporated their territories," Suppiluliuma later boasted.The Hittite army then marched through various districts towards the Mitanni capital of Washshukanni. Suppiluliumas claims to have plundered the district and to have brought loot, captives, cattle, sheep and horses back to Hatti. He also claims that Tushratta fled, but obviously he failed to capture the capital. While the campaign weakened Tushratta's kingdom, he still held onto his throne. A second campaign In a second campaign, the Hittites again crossed the Euphrates and subdued Halab, Mukish, Niya, Arahati, Apina, and Qatna as well as some cities whose names have not been preserved. Charioteers are mentioned among the booty from Arahati, who were brought to Hatti together with all their possessions. While it was common practice to incorporate enemy soldiers in the army, this might point to a Hittite attempt to counter the most potent weapon of the Mitanni, the war-chariots, by building up or strengthening their own chariot forces.Tushratta had possibly suspected Hittite intentions on his kingdom, for the Amarna letters include several tablets from Tushratta concerning the marriage of his daughter Tadukhipa with Akhenaten, explicitly to solidify an alliance with the Egyptian kingdom. However, when Suppiluliumas invaded his kingdom, the Egyptians failed to respond in time—perhaps because of the sudden death of Akhenaten, and the resulting struggle for control of the Egyptian throne.According to a treaty later made between Suppiluliuma and Tushratta's brother Shattiwaza, after a third devastating Hittite raid led to the fall of Carchemish, Tushratta was assassinated by a group led by one of his sons. A time of civil war followed which came to an end when Suppiluliuma placed Shattiwaza on the Mitannian throne.

14452903501213263986

Q2292466

Braunton Burrows History The Devon historian Tristram Risdon (d.1640) wrote as follows:"Santon is in the parish of Branton, not unaptly so termed the town by the sand not, that hath overblown many hundred acres of land. And near this hamlet the country people had so undermined a hill of sand, by digging it to carry it into to their grounds, that a great quantity thereof fell down, discovering the top of a tree, which by farther search was found to be thirty feet in length, so that it plainly appeareth this circuit of marsh land (now, of the sands overblowing, called the Burrows) was in elder ages stored with woods and tall timber trees".Similar stories exist in respect of the south coast of Glamorgan, across the Bristol Channel, regarding the Merthyr Mawr Sand Dunes which started shifting in the late 14th century and encroached on Kenfig Castle, resulting in its evacuation but which spared Candleston Castle, now almost surrounded by dunes. Civilian use A lifeboat station was opened on Braunton Burrows in 1848, although its crew always came from the established Appledore Lifeboat Station on the other side of the estuary. It was closed in 1918 as it was difficult to find men and horses to launch the boat following World War I.It is used, particularly by local people, for a range of leisure activities, particularly dog-walking, from three large car parks adjacent to the site. There is a long tradition of scientific research, particularly botanical. Tourism is an important use of the area in summer. The more isolated parts of the Burrows are noted for naturism. Military use Braunton Burrows played an important role during the Second World War. In 1943 Lieutenant Colonel Paul W. Thompson was tasked with training the Americans for their assault on the heavily defended Normandy beaches.All good training ground had been claimed by the British and so Thompson had no choice but to accept the Atlantic coast near Braunton. The perimeter of the land he needed did in fact stretch south from Mortehoe Station to Braunton, and the River Caen to the Taw Torridge Estuary. Every acre was needed for exercise and for rehearsals using live ammunition, explosives, tanks, artillery and air support – all of which became features of the US Assault Training Centre.The beaches here were ideal for amphibious exercises, despite the fierce Atlantic surf, and the nearby sands were soon found to be identical to Omaha in every respect – including sand quality, beach gradient and tidal range. Anyone who has seen Omaha beach will instantly recognise an uncanny resemblance to Woolacombe and Saunton.Thompson was originally tasked with teaching the troops how to neutralise the enemy beach defences and then fight their way inland, although the second part of his mission was later relocated to Slapton beach in South Devon.Ranges for all weapons were required in order to help the troops practice and construction of such ranges and other aids had to be carried out quickly, as the first units arrived in North Devon on 1 September 1943. 6 Replica landing craft made from concrete can still be found at the southern end of the Burrows.As winter approached, a permanent camp was needed; most troops had been accommodated in tents until then. 505 Nissen huts were erected to house 4250 men.Some of the narrow country lanes were made one-way for ease of use and where no metalled roads existed temporary tracks were laid. One such track is the old ferry way, which extended from the south end of Sandy Lane across the back of the dunes to the White House near Crow Point. This road was widened and straightened and exists today as ‘the American Road’.The site is currently leased by the Ministry of Defence from the Christie Devon Estates Trust (see Tapeley Park). The area is closed for 10 days per year for military training. The fact that it is so difficult to navigate makes it ideal for land-based exercises, although the sandy conditions are useful to all disciplines. The Royal Air Force sometimes use Saunton Sands to practice STOL beach landing and take off with the Lockheed C-130 Hercules. The Royal Marines also occasionally use the beach to practice amphibious landings. Scrub invasion Scrub invasion is managed to maintain a state of semi-equilibrium and prevent succession to a climax community. The methods of scrub management used have become a point of contention between the various parties involved with the site.During the 1970s invasion of coarse grasses were managed largely by rabbit grazing. The spread of myxomatosis resulted in rabbit population decline and consequent encroachment of species rich turf by scrub species such as privet Ligustrum vulgare and heather Calluna vulgaris. Decline in species diversity was exacerbated through the introduction of sea buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides by the military. This attempt at dune stabilisation was implemented after preparations for the Normandy landings caused widespread erosion. Deep rooted species such as bramble, hawthorn and willow were also able to flourish and resulted in several sallow carr communities These species were maintained and species rich turf later established through a combination of management techniques.The burning of deep rooted species often made the soil more fertile but led to the spread of coarse grasses. These grasses were later managed by mowing in combination with grazing by soay sheep and cattle.Grazing was viewed by the Christies Estates Trust as exacerbating erosion and hence damaging to species diversity. The trust therefore opposed the introduction of sheep and cattle to the site. However English Nature felt that this turnover was erosive but nevertheless was less invasive than mowing. English Nature felt the turnover of soil increased species diversity and with the use of soay sheep, maintained a desirable balance to ecosystems. It was this disagreement that was the main factor which led to the de-designation of the site as a national nature reserve in 1996.

9389079737161259664

Q1199355

The Last Dinosaur Plot Wealthy big-game hunter Maston Thrust (Richard Boone) has a multimillion-dollar company, Thrust Inc., which drills for oil under the polar caps with a manned laser drill, called the "Polar Borer". Following one expedition, only one man, geologist Chuck Wade (Steven Keats), returns; he explains that the drill was going through a routine check in the icecaps when it surfaced into a valley super-heated by a volcano. When the crew, except for Wade, began exploring the area, they were devoured by a giant Tyrannosaurus rex. Thrust decides to go there himself to study the creature. He brings with him Chuck; Bunta (Luther Rackley), a Maasai tracker; Dr. Kawamoto (Tetsu Nakamura); and Frankie Banks (Joan Van Ark), a Pulitzer Prize-winning photographer selected by the Press Pool. Thrust is initially unwilling to let Frankie join the crew, but she manages to convince him to allow her on the expedition by sleeping with him.Upon arriving at the isolated valley using the Polar Borer, the group notices flying Pteranodons. Once they raft to shore, they are almost killed by a Uintatherium. After setting up camp, Maston, Chuck, Bunta, and Frankie go out looking for the T. rex while Kawamoto remains at the camp. The party encounters the T. rex and narrowly escape from it. Afterwards, the T. rex comes across the camp, destroying it and killing Kawamoto. It then attacks the Polar Borer and throws it into a canyon containing a bone field. While he continues his attack on the Polar Borer, a Triceratops unearths itself from the canyon and the two clash. After a fierce battle, the T. rex kills the Triceratops, first by tearing into its side with its foot claws, then by biting into its neck.The group returns to the destroyed camp and notice Kawamoto is gone, as well as the Borer, which they mistakenly believe was sunk. Enraged, Thrust vows to kill the dinosaur. After a few months pass, the group is now living in a cave and has a number of encounters with cavemen in the area, but are able to turn them away with a handmade crossbow. They also befriend a cavewoman (Masumi Sekiya), which they name Hazel. While Hazel helps Frankie wash her hair, the T. rex returns. Frankie is able to flee to a cave, with the T. rex trying to get in. Thrust, Bunta, and Wade are able to turn it away with a large boulder tied to its tail. Thrust decides to kill the T. rex once and for all with a catapult.After building the catapult, they wait for the dinosaur. Out hunting, Wade finds the Borer and realizes it is still operable. However, Thrust refuses to leave, wanting to kill the T. rex first. Wade and Frankie leave the camp to get the Borer fixed and then leave, while Thrust and Bunta remain. Once the Borer is launched back in the water, Frankie goes back to convince the others to leave with them one last time. While tracking the T. rex, Bunta is eaten. Frankie reunites with Thrust and helps him use the catapult on the T. rex, but it only injures it. The T. rex then goes on a rampage and destroy their catapult.In the wake of the destruction, Wade arrives and states that they have to leave now or they will be stuck in the valley. Frankie pleads with Thrust to go with them and to leave the T. rex, as it is the "last one". However, Thrust replies "So am I..." and is therefore left behind with Hazel. Production Unlike other bigger-budgeted movies that have used state-of-the-art effects (i.e.: Stop Motion, puppets, etc.) for the dinosaurs, this movie uses the cheaper "man in a suit" method, much like the Godzilla movies of the 1960s and 1970s. (The sound department have even borrowed Godzilla's trademark roar and occasionally mixed it into the T. Rex's cry.) The "ceratopsian" (Uintatherium), as well as the Triceratops were done through the "two guys in a horse-suit" technique. The scale (size) of the Tyrannosaurus also changes literally from scene to scene, in some cases it appears to be over 40–50 feet tall (when it attacks the borer) and can carry it in its mouth, when the Polar Borer is easily well over 10 feet in diameter. However, they do correctly state in the beginning of the movie that a Tyrannosaurus Rex is 20 feet high and 40 feet long.The suit of Tyranosaurus was created by Tsuburaya Production, and was later used for Ururu of the Tokusatsu Anime Dinosaur War Aizenborg. Also, while the film featured mostly an English-speaking cast a Japanese dub was created for the television release in Japan. The Japanese theatrical release as well as the Japanese laser disc used the English voice cast with Japanese subtitles. Release On May 22, 2009, Toho Video released the movie on DVD for the first time anywhere in the world. The DVD contains both English and Japanese audio tracks as well as an audio commentary in Japanese. This release uses a anamorphic 1.78:1 widescreen transfer of the uncut 106 minute theatrical release prepared by US rights holder Warner Bros., and also contains a 13-minute interview with visual effects director Kazuo Sagawa, a photo gallery (which includes storyboards, production designs, and behind-the-scenes photos), a 15-minute behind-the-scenes production reel narrated by Kazuo Sagawa, and the original Japanese release trailer.In the U.S., Warner Home Video released the movie on DVD through their Warner Archive Collection as a "made to order" DVD on March 22, 2011. This release uses the same widescreen transfer of the 106 minute uncut version as the Japanese Toho release, but lacks supplemental materials.

12371847797064170572

Q19875807

Vivian Lynn Vivian Isabella Lynn (née Robertson; 30 November 1931 – 1 December 2018) was a New Zealand artist. Education Lynn was born in Wellington in 1931 and attended Wellington Girls' College from 1945 to 1948. She completed a Diploma of Fine Arts at the School of Fine Arts at Canterbury University College majoring in painting in 1952, and a Diploma of Teaching at Auckland Teachers' Training College in 1954. At art school her lecturers included Rata Lovell-Smith, Bill Sutton and Russell Clark. According to Lynn, the curriculum was focused on the history of Western art, with little attention given to New Zealand or contemporary art, although she did meet artists such as Colin McCahon, Toss Woollaston, Doris Lusk and Rita Angus and see their work in The Group exhibitions. Support for the Women's Art Movement Lynn was one of the first New Zealand artists to address feminist issues in their work, beginning in 1968. She was an active supporter of the women's art movement in New Zealand and in 1983–84 was involved in setting up the Women's Art Archive.Lynn was featured in a special issue of the New Zealand feminist magazine Broadsheet published in 1983, focused on feminist art. In an interview Lynn discussed how during World War II she had seen both her parents working in jobs, raising their children and sharing family chores. She continued:There was value placed on women’s work because it was politically expedient for it to be so in the early 1940s ... so I had formative years where I was conditioned to expect equality. But social values changed after the War as women were required to be wives and mothers again, rather than members of the paid workforce. A profession and marriage were again presented as mutually exclusive. Work Lynn worked across a wide range of media, including collages, drawings, paintings, prints, books, sculptures, photographs and installations.In 1972, Lynn spent a year in the United States, where she developed her interest in printmaking; throughout the 1970s she worked with this medium, producing works such as Book of Forty Images (1973–1974) and Playground,, which explore 'the reasons behind women's social and political oppression'.Between 1977 and 1979, Lynn produced a series of works on paper, now held in the Christchurch Art Gallery, in which she reworked drawings and life studies made at art school, in a comment on 'the sexual politics of the Western art historical tradition'.Lynn is probably best known for her large installation works of the early 1980s. Guarden Gates (1982) (first shown at the Janne Land Gallery, now in the collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa) is a sculptural installation of seven cyclone-wire mesh gates, woven through with human hair and ribbon. Each piece is titled to reflect cultural stages of a female life: Matrix; Daughter of the father; Sacrifice; Processual ground; Differentiation; Rebirth and Eyes of life, eyes of death.Lynn said, "In my hair pieces of 1982 I have come closer to the toxic object image I need. I want a toxic image that physically shocks - the conscious levels are split open - not the safe anchorage." Lynn's contribution to the 1982 Wellington sculpture festival F1 Sculpture Project Mantle, was an installation based around a rectangular construction made up of hair collected over several weeks from local hair salons.Another work using hair, Stain, which gives the illusion of a stream of human hair trickling down the cathedral's marble steps, was installed for the 'New Art in Dunedin' project in 1984.Art historian Priscilla Pitts notes that 'Lynn frequently sought equivalents or proxies for the female body, and this led to a particularly inventive use of materials'. In Guarden Gates, in one work, she set up a frisson by including a small amount of processed animal tissue as a metaphor for the human body. In Lamella/Lamina (1983), a sculptural installation of 15 fragile columns, Lynn used architectural drawing paper processed to create texture, the work itself being installed at Anzart in Hobart in response to threatened rain forest on the Franklin River. The artist said that the columns were, amongst other things, 'a metaphor for vulnerability, sensitivity, and how one toughens up as one gets older ... Lamella/Lamina reflects the layering and interconnectedness, of nature and culture, of skin surface, mind and the political.'Gates of the Goddess – a southern crossing attended by the Goddess (1986, first shown at the Govett-Brewster Art Gallery and now in the collection of the Auckland Art Gallery) consists of three large panels, two of which form a passageway for the viewer and the third being a focal point with the form of the goddess. The work brings together many of Lynn's concerns particularly healing the abject as in the 1982 work Mantle. By recovering destroyed and damaged tapa, drawing attention to the low status (craft) assigned to women's production and by analogy to reproduction Lynn creates a work of simple beauty.Between the late 1980s and 2008, Lynn worked with her own DNA imagery in Drawing Connections and her interest in the mind and brain with Rorschach imagery titled Your Mental Set and Mind Field. In 1997 her large installation, showing nine images of her brain, titled Spin: versor versa was shown at City Gallery, Wellington.A survey exhibition of Lynn’s work titled I, HERE, NOW: Vivian Lynn, curated by Christina Barton, was held at the Adam Art Gallery at Victoria University of Wellington in 2008–09.Lynn's work is held in public collections throughout New Zealand, including Auckland Art Gallery, the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa and Christchurch Art Gallery. Death Lynn died following a long illness on 1 December 2018, the day after her 87th birthday.

16873487883676837755

Q898117

Brandon Bowman High school career Bowman attended Westchester High School in Westchester, California, where he averaged 14 points and eight rebounds while leading his team to a 32-2 record, the California State Division I-A Championship, and a USA Today No. 1 ranking in his senior year. Bowman was a member of the 2002 USA Team at the International Albert Schweitzer Youth Basketball Tournament in Mannheim, Germany. Collegiate career Bowman was a third-team all-Big East Conference selection in his junior year. He was the team's leading scorer (15.1 ppg) and second leading rebounder (6.1 rpg). After declaring for the NBA draft, he withdrew his name from the candidates' list. He went back to Georgetown, rejoining senior standouts Ashanti Cook and Darrel Owens, and closed his collegiate career with 11 points and 5.2 rebounds per game, distinguishing himself particularly during the Hoyas' upset over the then undefeated #1 Duke Blue Devils, in which he scored 23 points and grabbed 8 rebounds. 2006–07 season After going undrafted in the 2006 NBA draft, Bowman joined the Portland Trail Blazers for the 2006 NBA Summer League. On October 2, 2006, he signed with the New Jersey Nets. However, he was later waived by the Nets on October 19, 2006.On November 2, 2006, he was selected with the 11th overall pick by the Bakersfield Jam in the 2006 NBA D-League draft. 2007–08 season In July 2007, Bowman joined the Los Angeles Clippers for the 2007 NBA Summer League. In October 2007, he was re-acquired by the Bakersfield Jam. On January 2, 2008, he terminated his contract with the Jam. The next day, he signed with Basket Draghi Novara of Italy for the rest of the season. 2008–09 season In July 2008, Bowman joined the New Orleans Hornets for the 2008 NBA Summer League. In August 2008, he signed with Telekom Baskets Bonn of Germany for the 2008–09 season. 2009–10 season In September 2009, Bowman signed with the Philadelphia 76ers. However, he was later waived by the 76ers on October 21, 2009.On November 17, 2009, he signed with Tofaş Bursa of Turkey for rest of the 2009–10 season. 2010–11 season In July 2010, Bowman joined the Charlotte Bobcats for the 2010 NBA Summer League. He later signed with Lukoil Academic of Bulgaria for the 2010–11 season. On January 25, 2011, he left Lukoil Academic and signed a six-week contract with Le Mans of France as an injury replacement for Alain Koffi. In March 2011, he left Le Mans and signed with FMP Železnik of Serbia for the rest of the season. 2011–12 season On August 1, 2011, Bowman signed with Maccabi Rishon LeZion of Israel for the 2011–12 season. 2012–13 season In July 2012, Bowman was selected with the ninth overall pick by Wonju Dongbu Promy in the 2012 Korean Basketball League draft. In October 2012, he was traded to the Seoul Samsung Thunders. In November 2012, he was released by the Thunders after just 4 games.On January 12, 2013, he signed with Hapoel Gilboa Galil of Israel. On February 19, 2013, he was released by Galil Gilboa. 2013–14 season On November 22, 2013, Bowman signed with SC Rasta Vechta of Germany for the rest of the 2013–14 season.On May 13, 2014, he signed with the Wellington Saints for the rest of the 2014 New Zealand NBL season. On May 23, 2014, he made his debut for the Saints. In just under 26 minutes of action, he recorded 22 points, 8 rebounds, 2 assists and 2 steals in a 111-114 loss to the Super City Rangers. 2014–15 season On June 24, 2014, he signed with Medi Bayreuth of Germany for the 2014–15 season.On June 19, 2015, he signed a one-month deal with Atenienses de Manatí of Puerto Rico. 2015–16 season On December 12, 2015, he signed with AEK Larnaca of Cyprus for the 2015–16 season. 2016–17 season On October 5, 2016, he signed with Spirou Charleroi of Belgium for the 2016–17 season. On January 11, 2017, he parted ways with Charleroi. The next day, he signed with Israeli club Maccabi Kiryat Gat. 2017–18 season On August 28, 2017, he signed a two-year deal with the Israeli team Maccabi Haifa. On October 23, 2017, Bowman recorded a career-high 30 points, including a buzzer-beating three-point shot to send the game into overtime, in an 89-85 win over Ironi Nes Ziona, and later was named Israeli League Round 3 MVP. 2018–19 season On January 26, 2019, he signed with Maccabi Rehovot of the Liga Leumit for the rest of the season.In May 2019, Bowman joined the Hawke's Bay Hawks for the rest of the 2019 New Zealand NBL season. Personal Bowman is the son of Tom and Sharon Bowman, and has three brothers Tom, Stephan and Zach and one sister, Nicole. He is also the cousin of former NBA players Antoine and Samaki Walker.

6049489951359366611

Q20810963

Charles Hamilton (handwriting expert) Charles Hamilton, Jr. (December 24, 1913 – December 11, 1996) was a paleographer, handwriting expert and author of historical works. He invented the term "philography" as another term for his profession. He is the author of a number of books on this topic. He was also an autograph dealer. He died in New York City at the age of 82. Early life and studies Hamilton was born in Ludington, Michigan and grew up in Flint, Michigan, and then in Los Angeles. His father was in the lumber business. At the age of twelve he collected his first autograph, which was Rudyard Kipling's. Kipling was well known for refusing requests for autographs, but Hamilton, who had just read The Jungle Book, included a dime for the return postage, and told Kipling that the dime was Hamilton's allowance for carrying out ashes from the furnace. He graduated from Beverly Hills High School, as the valedictorian of his class. He then received a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in English literature from the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. He was a voracious reader of literature and history. Career and military In the 1930s he moved to New York City to work in publishing. He enlisted in the United States Army Air Corps in 1942, and during World War II, he won a bronze star and six battle stars. In 1945, after his service, he returned to New York City and began seriously dealing in autographs and manuscripts. He was called upon by the New York City police to consult in a number of notable cases, including the hunt for the Zodiac Killer. In a notable case, he called the so-called Hitler Diaries, "patent and obvious forgeries." The British historian who was claiming them to be authentic eventually changed his mind and sided with Hamilton; the forger was unmasked and convicted in 1983.He dealt with a great many historic documents. He once owned a note that Queen Isabella wrote regarding the jewels she sold to pay for Christopher Columbus' discovery of the New World. He owned the first draft of the Bill of Rights, and a letter written by Jesse James but signed with his pseudonym, Thomas Howard. He owned another letter penned by Queen Victoria with advice for an unwed mother: "Let her wear a ring and no one need be the wiser". He is also credited with resolving a great number of questions regarding frauds and forgeries. Methods In his book, In Search of Shakespeare; A Reconnaissance into the Poet’s Life and Handwriting, Hamilton describes what is needed to be a professional handwriting expert: Knowledge of history and literature; as well as in watermarks, ink and paper; and above all in the handwriting of noted persons in all areas; as well as the ability to read difficult scripts, to accurately judge the authenticity of documents, and to recognize forgeries. According to Hamilton, accuracy is essential because a professional handwriting expert's opinions will often be tested in a court of law. Talent, Hamilton states, may be partly instinct, but it will also be the “result of decades of daily experience in the examination of old handwriting”. Shakespeare He is noted for his work in studying the handwriting and documents regarding William Shakespeare. In his book, In Search of Shakespeare; A Reconnaissance into the Poet’s Life and Handwriting, he considers that Shakespeare's will was written in the playwright's own handwriting or "holographic". He also considers the handwritten evidence that three pages inserted into the play Sir Thomas More, and the drafts of the applications for the Shakespeare coat-of-arms are also in Shakespeare's handwriting. Hamilton presents charts and examples that compare the handwriting in each document.Hamilton has said that in his Shakespeare studies his essays and ideas all begin with his observations of handwriting. He has drawn some interest, and also has his critics. Gary Taylor has said that Hamilton is a considerable paleographer, but some of his views on Shakespeare are controversial and “too recent to have been subjected to thorough scholarly scrutiny.”

13906308328908122758

Q25112475

Pacific Open Learning Health Net History The World Health Organization (WHO) and Pacific Ministries of Health established POLHN in 2003 through funding provided by the Government of Japan. POLHN was established to address the need of health professionals in the Pacific to access continuing professional development (CPD) opportunities and up-to-date health information. POLHN fulfills these needs through an e-learning network across fourteen Pacific Island Countries, areas and territories. Overview POLHN provides access to sponsored and self-paced courses, news, application forms, and links to resources. The website is the main gateway to accessing courses, online resources, and health information. The website also contains information about POLHN, information on learning centres, contact details for POLHN country coordinators, information on the availability of scholarships, and application forms for courses.It has partnerships with many organisations, allowing members to complete certification programs. There are also general courses unrelated to any certification program, such as Patient Safety, Risk Communications, Diabetes, and Psycho-social Response in Humanitarian Disasters. These take between 20 and 60 hours to complete, with automatic assessment of activities and exams.Since its inception, POLHN has undergone various steps to expand and improve. These have included external reviews, for instance by the WHO Collaborating Centre at the University of Technology Sydney and Hezel Associates. The POLHN community The POLHN platform facilitates learning through an interactive environment, where students can access information, communicate with students and teachers, and complete course modules and assessments. Over 30,000 health workers have accessed POLHN across various cadres. Social media POLHN also has a strong community across social media. It regularly and actively engages through platforms such as Facebook and LinkedIn. These are managed in-house at the WHO Division of Technical Support in Suva, Fiji. The POLHN blog In 2017, POLHN launched its online blog. Since then, several pieces have been published under the general theme of health education. This has included success stories on POLHN students across the Pacific, as well as the latest news on POLHN. POLHN newsletter In addition to this, POLHN has a popular newsletter, which is sent out regularly to students and staff regarding all the current events related to POLHN, such as scholarship opportunities, new blog articles, and the latest courses. The blog also offers the opportunity for members of the POLHN community to write their own articles and post comments. Self-paced courses POLHN's self-paced courses are also put together with the assistance of its partners. Some courses are created in-house at the WHO Secretariat in Suva, Fiji. Others are made in cooperation with partner institutions, including the University of Queensland. University of Fiji POLHN sponsors registered nurses in the Pacific to undertake a Bachelor of Nursing Bridging programme at the University of Fiji (also known as UniFiji). This allows nurses with a Diploma in Nursing to upgrade their qualification to a bachelor's degree. This new initiative has been widely praised in the media in Fiji, where POLHN sponsorship for nursing at UniFiji is seen as a real opportunity to take the skills of nurses in the Pacific to a whole new level. Fiji National University (FNU) POLHN annually sponsors over 100 health professionals across the Pacific to take postgraduate courses in public health and health services management through FNU. Programs are available at postgraduate certificate, diploma and masters levels and can be completed by health workers without leaving their communities.POLHN sponsors certificates in applied epidemiology, health research, health service management, and public health. The Master's in Public Health is particularly popular. Pacific Paramedical Training Centre (PPTC) The PPTC provides technical training and development assistance to clinical laboratories and blood transfusion services of the Pacific region. Mostly runs training courses in Wellington but retains flexibility to run in-country courses, short-term attachments to NZ medical labs and offers on-line courses through POLHN. They also have a quality management component (Regional External Quality Assurance Programme). POLHN sponsors around 40 laboratory technicians to take PPTC's Diploma in Medical Laboratory Science. POLHN and PPTC work is benefiting laboratory assistants across the Pacific in completion of their Diplomas in Medical Laboratory Science. These diplomas include generally involve up to 8 courses over 2 years, include ones in laboratory technology, biochemistry, blood bank technology, hematology, immunology, microbiology, and laboratory diagnosis of STIs. Penn Foster Dental School Certification awarded by Penn Foster Career School in collaboration with Pacific Basin Dental Association (PBDA) and WHO/POLHN. This involves 9 modules in 9 months (self-paced), with face-to-face validation of skills via PBDA.As of 2016, the countries involved are American Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Republic of Marshall Islands Lippincott: The Online Nursing Center Lippincott provides over 1000 continuing education resources developed by nurses for nurses, POLHN assists by providing free access to fee-based courses. Medscape (Education) Medscape education provides CPD courses in over 30 health specialities. The courses are accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education. Global Health eLearning Center (GHeL) POLHN links with GHeL in order for health professionals in the Pacific to access over 50 short courses in public health, developed by USAID specifically for health professionals working in low-resource settings. In the Pacific region, through endorsement from the Pacific Open Learning Health Net (POLHN), GHeL courses are accepted CPD requirements for 30,000 health workers from 15 Pacific island countries. Secretariat at the WHO Pacific Division POLHN has developed a conventional relationship with fourteen of the twenty two Pacific countries and areas and has established forty POLHN centres in 14 of those countries. The POLHN centres are usually located in or near hospitals or nursing schools. Most of the learning centres are equipped with internet connected computers, printers, scanners and video projection equipment.

4599065261646729360

Q845692

Keep the Faith Background Following the completion of the New Jersey tour, the band went on hiatus. During their time off, Jon Bon Jovi wrote the soundtrack for Young Guns II, which was released in 1990 as the Blaze of Glory album and Richie Sambora released his first solo album called Stranger in This Town. By this time, Jon Bon Jovi fired his longtime manager, Doc McGhee and created Bon Jovi Management. Jon Bon Jovi decided to take on a larger role, and more responsibilities within the band. In October 1991 the band went to the Caribbean island of St. Thomas to discuss plans for the future; the band's internal problems were solved and they were ready to have a go at a comeback. Recording and production In January 1992 the band headed to Little Mountain Studios in Vancouver, British Columbia. They spent seven months making the album with Bob Rock producing. Originally the band had approached Bruce Fairbairn, who produced Slippery When Wet and New Jersey, but he was working on Aerosmith's Get a Grip at the time. Most of the recording was done in Vancouver, although a couple of tracks and overdubs were laid down in Los Angeles."When we got back together in a room in Vancouver," noted Jon Bon Jovi in 2007, "we closed the door and ignored what had happened to our genre of music. We'd been kicked in the teeth by Nirvana, but we didn't pay attention to that. We got rid of the clichés, wrote some socially conscious lyrics and got a haircut. I didn't do a grunge thing and I didn't do a rap thing. But I knew I couldn't re-write 'Livin' on a Prayer' again, so I didn't try. And it paid off."Of the thirty songs written for the album, a couple were co-written by David Bryan and a couple by Desmond Child; the rest being by Jon Bon Jovi/Richie Sambora compositions and by Bon Jovi alone. Fourteen songs made it to the final album. Bon Jovi wrote most of the album's songs alone.Before the band reunited in the studio, Bon Jovi spent the summer of 1991 in anonymity, riding his motorbike in places like Arizona, gaining experiences that inspired him to write "Dry County" and "Bed of Roses". He later commented "It would never have been possible [for me] to write songs like 'Bed of Roses' or 'Dry County' five years ago." Commercial performance In the US, Keep the Faith debuted at number five on the Billboard 200 Top Albums in November 1992 while peaking at number one in the UK and Australia. Six singles were released from Keep the Faith between November 1992 and April 1994, with four singles issued in the United States, and two others released only outside the US. Singles The album’s first single, "Keep The Faith", was released on October 1992 a month before the album. On the US Billboard charts, the song topped the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart while reaching number twenty nine on the Billboard Hot 100; elsewhere, it reached top ten on the singles charts in UK, Ireland, Canada, Switzerland, Germany, Sweden, Norway, The Netherlands and Australia."Bed of Roses" was released as the second single. On the US Billboard charts, the song reached number ten on the Hot 100. Elsewhere, it reached number two in Canada and number ten in Australia and Germany. Three more commercial singles were released in 1993. "In These Arms", released in May, reached number six in Canada, number nine in the UK, and number ten in Australia and Ireland. It also hit the Top 40 in the US Billboard Hot 100. "I'll Sleep When I'm Dead", released in August, reached number seventeen in the UK. "I Believe" was released only in Europe and Australia; it reached number eleven on the UK Singles Chart in October. In April 1994, the album's last single, "Dry County", was released only in Europe and Australia; it reached number nine on the UK Singles Chart. By the end of 1993, Keep the Faith had sold eight million copies worldwide. In October 1994, the album was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).Keep the Faith is the third most-represented album in Bon Jovi's concert setlists behind Slippery When Wet and New Jersey. This representation is due entirely to the singles, of which "I'll Sleep When I'm Dead" and the title track have been live staples. Of the pure album tracks, "Blame It on the Love of Rock and Roll" and "I Want You" were each only played once during 1993, whilst "If I Was Your Mother" was performed live only twice during the Keep the Faith Tour and not subsequently. "Little Bit of Soul" has appeared live only twice during special radio sessions and Bon Jovi have performed "Fear" live only six times, all during the French and Spanish legs of the album's supporting tour in April 1993.

17585935692525336518

Q7225211

Politics of Bihar Administration and Governments The constitutional head of the Government of Bihar is the Governor, who is appointed by the President of India. The real executive power rests with the Chief Minister and the cabinet. The political party or the coalition of political parties having a majority in the Legislative Assembly forms the Government.The first Chief Minister of Bihar was Sri Krishna Sinha & first Deputy Chief Minister was Dr Anugrah Narayan Sinha.Previous Chief Minister Jitan Ram Manjhi, succeeded Nitish Kumar, who resigned after Lok Sabha Polls (General Elections) in 2014 taking responsibility of JDU's deplorable performance. Again Nitish Kumar became the Chief Minister of Bihar after Jitan Ram Manjhi was sacked.The head of the bureaucracy of the State is called the Chief Secretary. Under him is a hierarchy of officials drawn from the Indian Administrative Service, Indian Police Service, and different wings of the State civil services. The judiciary is headed by the Chief Justice. Bihar has a High Court which has been functioning since 1916. All the branches of the government are located in the state capital, Patna.The state is divided into 9 divisions and 38 districts, for administrative purposes. The various districts included in the divisions – Patna, Tirhut, Saran, Darbhanga, Kosi, Purnia, Bhagalpur, Munger and Magadh Division, are as listed below. Pre-Independence Bihar was an important part of India's struggle for independence. Gandhi became the mass leader only after the Champaran Satyagraha that he launched on the repeated request of a local leader, Raj Kumar Shukla, he was supported by great illumanaries like Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha and Brajkishore Prasad. Post Independence : 1950–1975 The first Bihar governments in 1946 were led by two eminent leaders Sri Babu (Dr. Sri Krishna Sinha) and Anugrah Babu (Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha) who were men of unimpeachable integrity and great public spirit.They ran an exemplary government in Bihar.After Independence of India, the power was shared by these two great Gandhian nationalists Dr. Sri Krishna Sinha who later became the first Chief Minister of Bihar and Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha who decidedly was next to him in the cabinet and served as the first Deputy Chief Minister cum Finance Minister of Bihar.Bihar was rated as the best administered among the states in the country at that time.In late 60's death of central railway minister late Mr. Lalit Narayan Mishra (who was killed by a hand grenade attack for which central leadership is blamed most of the time) pronounced the end of indigenous work oriented mass leaders. For two decades congress ruled the state with the help of puppet chief ministries hand in glove with the central government (Mrs. Indira Gandhi) ignoring the welfare of the people of the state. It was the time when a prominent leader like Satyendra Narayan Singh took sides with the Janata Party and deserted congress from where his political roots originated, following the ideological differences with the congress. Lalu's Politics : 1990–2004 Janata Dal came to power in the state in 1990 on the back of its victory at the national stage in 1989. Lalu Prasad Yadav became Chief Minister after winning the race of legislative party leadership by a slender margin against Ram Sundar Das, a former chief minister from the Janata Party and close to eminent Janata Party leaders like Chandrashekhar and S N Sinha. Later, Lalu Prasad Yadav gained popularity with the masses through a series of popular and populist measures. The principled socialists, Nitish Kumar included, gradually left him and Lalu Prasad Yadav was the uncrowned king by 1995 as both Chief Minister as well as the President of his party, Rashtriya Janata Dal. He was a charismatic leader who had people's support and Bihar had got such a person as the chief minister after a long time. But he couldn't bring the derailed wagon of development of the state on to the track. When corruption charges got serious, he quit the post of CM but anointed his wife as the CM and ruled through proxy. In this period, the administration deteriorated fast. After 2004 By 2004, 14 years after Lalu's victory, The Economist magazine said that "Bihar [had] become a byword for the worst of India, of widespread and inescapable poverty, of corrupt politicians indistinguishable from mafia-dons they patronise, caste-ridden social order that has retained the worst feudal cruelties". In 2005, the World Bank believed that issues faced by the state was "enormous" because of "persistent poverty, complex social stratification, unsatisfactory infrastructure and weak governance".In 2005, as disaffection reached a crescendo among the masses, middle classes included, the RJD was voted out of power and Lalu Prasad Yadav lost an election to a coalition headed by his previous ally and now rival Nitish Kumar. Nitish Kumar has regained Bihar's true identity, which is the place from where people who changed the world come like Gautam Buddha or Asoka or Sher Shah Suri or the Sikh Gurus. Despite the separation of financially richer Jharkhand, Bihar has actually seen more positive growth in recent years.Currently, there are three main political formations: Janata Dal, Bharatiya Janata Party and the Rashtriya Janata Dal led coalition which also has the Indian National Congress. There are myriad other political formations. Ram Vilas Paswan led Lok Janshakti Party is a constituent of the NDA at the centre, and does not see eye to eye with Lalu Prasad Yadav's RJD in Bihar. Bihar People's Party is a small political formation in north Bihar. The Communist Party of India had a strong presence in Bihar at one time, but has got weakened now. CPM and Forward Bloc have minor presence. Ultra left parties like CPML, Party Unity etc. have presence in pockets and are at war with the state.

4292456711027381696

Q26997432

Lajos Tscheligi Early life Lajos Tscheligi was born in Budapest from a family of musicians and sculptors. His father, a church painter and restorer, gave him the first painting lessons. As a boy he found colors, shapes and sounds magical and he was driven by a desire to find an answer to all the turmoil around him. His father took him to the church where he worked, and the young Tscheligi learned colors and the exposure to chalk, charcoal and paint. At the age of nine he painted his teacher and his artistic aptitude was noticed for the first time. At the age of eleven he was commissioned to draw a map of the city of Budapest, which was a great honor and earned him his first money.The family could not pay for him to study art. However, when the art professor Illés Aladár Edvi saw the portrait of the grandmother that the talented twenty year old had drawn in charcoal, he and his colleague Oskar Glatz enrolled him as a private student and taught him for four years the theoretical and basic principles of painting. The insight of the young art student that there is no art without nature was reflected in his early landscape paintings in oil and pastel. "In these images you can feel that the artist is a real Hungarian; he hears the sound of the water, feels the breath of the plain and all the freshness that nature brings", one critic wrote after Tscheligi's first exhibition in September 1943. After Second World War Tscheligi was in the army and was captured by the Russians and sent to a prison in that country, however he was able to escape.In 1945 back in Hungary he joined the Hungarian "Union of Fine Arts". His desire as an artist was to express his perception of light, vitality and the knowledge of the presence of soul and spirit in color and form. His subjects - people, landscapes and events showed strong vibrant expressiveness. In 1948 he presented three of his pictures at the centenary exhibition in Budapest, where his father, who he felt spiritually connected to, also showed individual works.The marriage in 1950 to Agnes Csürös and the desire for a family required a stable income. Tscheligi studied surveying and worked as a construction manager in Eger in the Bück mountains in order to earn money. However his heart and passion was painting, which he did every free minute he had. Life outside Hungary In 1956 Hungary was threatened with political turmoil, which culminated in the popular uprising. The young family of four fled to Switzerland and lived in an apartment in Chur. In a studio in the old town of Chur, Tscheligi taught art. In the studio/gallery in St. Moritz he found the light and the freedom to explore philosophical thoughts with the significance of the colors. The unfolding of his inner urge for the expression of much needed transparency created the first abstract works. Influenced by the struggle for survival and the quest for integration in a foreign country, this was a difficult period but very liberating for his work. At last he could paint what he felt. He dedicated himself, inspired by the philosophy of Rudolf Steiner, to study his own personal painting style of metaphysical abstraction and to develop his own color philosophy.This was followed by invitations for exhibitions locally in Switzerland than France and England. In 1964/65 the family lived in the United States. But out of concern that his son would be called to serve as a soldier in the Vietnam War, the planned emigration was rejected and Tscheligi returned with his family to Switzerland.Admission as a member in Bern to the "Society of Swiss Painters, Sculptors and Architects" in 1965 and the obtaining of Swiss citizenship in 1971, helped Tscheligi slowly to find his way as an artist in Switzerland and obtain greater attention.Other numerous exhibitions in Europe, USA, South America and Asia increased the circle of lovers of his art.On 13 June 2003, Lajos Tscheligi died aged ninety years old. He found his own artistic expression after an adventurous, passionate, rich and full life. He left a steadily growing group of deeply connected people, who enjoy his spiritual and emotional inspiration every day.

14378448018817510834

Q7488540

Shanghai rum Basics Shanghai rum is played with multiple decks of 54 standard playing cards, including the Jokers. Two decks are required for game of up to four players. Five or six players require three decks. Aces are high (above a King) or low, (below 2). Each game has seven hands, and the rules for each hand are unique. One person begins as dealer for the first hand, and then the person to the dealer's left becomes dealer for the next hand, and so on. Each player is dealt eleven cards for the seven rounds. The rest of the deck is then placed face down in the middle of the players; this is referred to as the deck. One card is taken from the top of the deck and placed face up next to it. This card is called the upcard and becomes the beginning of the discard pile.Each player has a choice at the beginning of their turn. They may either pick up one new card from the top of the deck or take the upcard. (Also, the other players in the game have the ability to get the up card.) After the player draws his card, either from the deck or the upcard, he must then choose any card in his hand to discard, and he then places this card face up on the discard pile. That card then becomes the new upcard, which the next player in turn can take or other players can buy. To get a card that isn't yours a player must say, “BUY", before the next player draws their card, or else it is already considered "dead". Once a player discards their card the card underneath that card is now considered a "dead" card because it is no longer in the game. Players may not take these cards. Jokers Jokers are wild cards and can be played in the place of any card. A player is not allowed to have more jokers than face-cards in either a set or run. An example of this would be if one is trying to get a set he must have three or more cards of the same rank (8/8/8). But if a player has a joker or 2 he could play in place of an 8 (8/8/joker). But a player cannot lay more jokers than face-cards (8/joker/joker). However he may lay the same number of jokers as face-cards (8/8/joker/joker). The same applies for runs. If a player has laid down and has a joker in a run or set, the joker can be replaced by the appropriate card by any player. If a player who has not laid down yet replaces any joker he must lay down his meld in that turn, but if the player has already laid down his meld he may take the joker and use it how he chooses anytime. Buying A "buy" is when an out-of-turn player takes the upcard, draws 2 extra cards from the stock, and cannot play the cards immediately, but must wait for his turn. If more than one player wants it, the one closest to the dealer's left has precedence. There is a limit to the number of buys allowed. Each player is only allowed 2 (Genie Rules: 3 buys per hand) buys per hand. Melding The object of each hand is to come up with the correct combination of cards to be able to meld, or "lay out". The combination for each hand is different, and they become more difficult with each subsequent hand. The combinations for each hand are either sets or runs (sequence) or a combination of both. A set is a combination of a specific number of cards of the same rank, and the suit is not important. An example of a "set of 3" is three cards that are all 8's, and the 8's can all be of different suits. A run is a combination of a specific number of cards of the same suit that have consecutive ranks. An example of a "run of 4" is the 4, 5, 6, and 7 of clubs. An example of a combination for a hand is for hand #2, "1 set of 3 and 1 run of 4." This means that a player must have both a set of 3 cards and a run of 4 cards in his hand before he can meld. A player can meld only when it is his turn. As always, he must start his hand by drawing a card, then when he has the correct sequence of cards, he can meld or "go down." He does so by laying his meld cards face up on the table in their correct sequence. After melding, a player can then play on the melds of other players. When done, he must then discard. Play for the player who has gone down When a player is "down" (meaning he has already melded), he still takes his turn in turn with the other players, and he still must draw a card and discard. However, a player who is down cannot buy a card, nor can he stop a player from buying the top card in the discard pile when it is his turn. A player who is down can play his cards on the melds that have been completed either by himself or by other players. For example, if a player has laid down a set of 8's, and on a subsequent turn he then draws another 8, he can play this 8 on his set of 8's. He does this by placing the 8 with the set of 8's. If he has a card that he would like to play on a run, he must be sure to keep the order of the run. For example, if there is a run of 5 consisting of 4-5-6-7-8 of clubs, the player can play a 3 of clubs or a 9 of clubs. Winning the game Play progresses until the final hand when one of the players "goes out," meaning he is able to play the last card in his hand. Although players may discard throughout the game, to win they must be able to lay down all of their cards without discarding. In order to win, on a player's turn they must be able to draw a card and then go out without a discard. The winner of the hand gets zero points, and the other players count their cards to determine their score for the hand. After all seven hands are played, the winner is the player with the lowest score.

16215951608547063034

Q7501279

Shor in the City Plot The film revolves around five central characters in the city of Mumbai. Tilak (Tusshar Kapoor) is a small-time publisher of unlicensed books who along with his friends Mandook (Pitobash Tripathy) and Ramesh (Nikhil Dwivedi) kidnaps a famous author and forces him to give the manuscript of his latest book to them so that they will be the first ones to publish it. Abhay (Sendhil Ramamurthy) is a NRI who returns to India to start his own small business and meets Shalmili (Preeti Desai). Sawan (Sundeep Kishan) is a young cricketer hoping to break into the under-22 Mumbai cricket team. The story focuses on their trials and tribulations as they battle life in the city of Mumbai during the chaotic period of the festival of Ganesh Chaturthi.The film tries to deal with concepts of chance, the constant struggle between hope and despair and self-actualization. The opening of the movie starts with the song "Karma is a bitch" which fits in with the central theme of the story where the characters of the film keep trying to come to terms with their own actions. Abhay has a dark past which is not revealed in the film but it can be speculated that he came to India to stay away from it. Tilak initially holds himself responsible for the injury of the child due to bomb explosion that happens in the movie which brings him closer to his wife and viewing life from a different perspective. The goons who traumatized Abhay eventually end up being shot by their own bullets on the day of Ganesha Visarjan. Tilak gets a new life and finds his treasure at home. Sawan gives up the money he finds at the bank robbery and instead focuses on improving his game for cricket selections and gets support from Sejal(Sawan's partner)too. Ramesh is seen applying for jobs and Mandook protesting at a rally. Towards the end of the movie all characters move on different paths. Production Shor in the City was made on a small budget of 30 million and a further 27.5 million on P&A, with total investment coming to around 60 million. Trade analysts estimated that around 50% of this will be recovered from non-theatrical revenue but as always it is the theatrical revenue that decides a film's fate at the box office. Balaji Motion Pictures, head of distribution and acquisition Girish Johar says "We gave Shor in the City a tight release of around 500 screens across the country and the film found appreciation. It grossed around 38.5 million in just 4 days and adding the revenue from non-theatrical rights, the whole investment on the film has been more than recovered." Critical response The film was well received by critics. Nikhat Kazmi of The Times of India awarded it four stars out of five and stated "With a zany screenplay (Raj Nidimoru and Krishna DK), excellent cinematography by Tushar Kanti Ray and peppy music by Sachin-Jigar, Shor in the City is another breaking-norm film from Ekta Kapoor". Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave it three and a half stars and wrote "Shor in the City belongs to one of those rare categories of movies with sensibilities that would not only entice the festival crowd and the cinema literate, but also lure the ardent moviegoer." Aniruddha Guha of the Daily News and Analysis gave it three stars and said "Shor in the City is the kind of reassuring film you yearn to watch amid, well, what 'Bollywood' has to offer every week. Also, it articulates something you have only probably thought before – 'Karma IS a bitch.'" Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN awarded three and a half stars saying "A delicious mix of quirky humor, gruesome violence, and surprising sensitivity, Shor in the City works on the strength of its smart script and consistent performances from its ensemble cast." Rediff awarded the film four stars and said "Raj-Krishna's Shor in the City robotically registers itself in Indian cinema's history." Anupama Chopra of NDTV gave the movie four stars and wrote "Shor in the City is a terrific film. It’s surprising and disturbing and has a vein of rich, dark humor coursing through it." Shubhra Gupta of the Indian Express gave it a three star rating and commented "What makes Shor in the City an instant clutter-breaker is its darkly comic treatment. It makes you smile because its humour comes from within. It’s not grafted. And it’s got heart : we feel for the characters."Tushar Joshi of MiD DAY gave it a four star rating and wrote "Loaded with humor, sarcasm and wit. That truly is the beauty of the makers who succeed in arresting you with their tales. The spectacular climax is easily one of the best written in recent times."Karan Anshuman of Mumbai Mirror gave it a four star rating, saying "Three stories, eleven days, myriad layers, believable characters, fine performances, spirited direction, taut script, momentary explosions of originality." Boxoffice Shor in the City nett. grossed ₹43.9 million (US$640,000) in India. Shor in the City also opened poorly at around 10–15% in 475 cinemas(500 screens) in India. It was estimated that the film has advantage of low costs which should be recovered but theatrical business may not be much.

17146087570572041373

Q14547532

Zürich–Enge Alpenquai Geography Located on the then-swampland between Limmat and Lake Zurich around Sechseläutzenplatz on small islands and peninsulas in Zürich, the settlements were set on piles to protect against occasional flooding by the Linth and Jona Rivers. Because the lake has grown in size over time, most of the original piles are now around 4 metres (13 ft) to 7 metres (23 ft) under the water level of 406 metres (1,332 ft), giving modern observers the false impression that they always had been underwater. Zürich–Enge Alpenquai is located on Lake Zurich lakeshore in Enge, a locality of the municipality of Zürich in the Canton of Zürich in Switzerland. The settlement comprises 2.93 hectares (7.24 acres), and the buffer zone, including the lake area, comprises 17.40 hectares (43.00 acres) in all. It was neighbored by the settlements at Kleiner Hafner and Grosser Hafner on a then peninsula respectively island in the effluence of the Limmat, within an area of about 0.2 square kilometres (49.42 acres) in the city of Zürich. Description Alpenquai in the city of Zürich is one of the most important Late Bronze Age lakeside settlements in Central Europe; its huge size and its almost uninterrupted occupation from 1050 BC to 800 BC, rich imports, and the excellent state of preservation of the layers with unique organic finds and architectural elements, mark it as a cultural heritage site of worldwide importance. In addition, the final phase dates from the transition to the Iron Age, a period otherwise rarely found. Finds On the occasion of construction works, investigation conducted by probes and probing ditches occurred in 1970. Despite the dredging for the construction of the Seequai between 1916 and 1919, an amazingly big area of approximately 2.8 hectares (7 acres) with two cultural layers was preserved. Both, the upper and the lower cultural layer, were separated by an about 10 centimetres (3.94 in) cm thick layer of lake marl composed of several layers of different materials. There were found pile shoes at different altitudes in the cultural layers and rich bar decoration of ceramics occurred exclusively in the lower layer, while the decoration on cannelure groups was limited to the upper layer, as well as some graphite-decorated fragments.So-called Potin lumps, of which the largest weighs 59.2 kilograms (131 lb), were found at Alpenquai in 1890. They consist of a large number of fused Celtic coins, which are mixed with charcoal remnants. Some of the about 18,000 coins originate from Eastern Gaul, while others are of the Zürich type, that were assigned to the local Helvetii, and date to around 100 BC. The find is so far unique, and the scientific research assumes that the melting down of the lumps was not completed, and therefore the aim was to form cultic offerings. The site of the find was at that time at least 50 metres (164 ft) from the lake shore, and probably 1 metre (3 ft) to 3 metres (10 ft) deep in the water. Protection As well as being part of the 56 Swiss sites of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps, the settlement is also listed in the Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance as a Class A object of national importance. Hence, the area is provided as a historical site under federal protection, within the meaning of the Swiss Federal Act on the nature and cultural heritage (German: Bundesgesetz über den Natur- und Heimatschutz NHG) of 1 July 1966. Unauthorised researching and purposeful gathering of findings represent a criminal offense according to Article 24.

14960314493056174092

Q45563

James Roday Early life Roday was born in San Antonio, Texas, as James David Rodriguez. He attended Taft High School in San Antonio. His father, Jaime "Jim" Rodriguez, is of Mexican descent, and his mother, Deborah Collins, is of English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry. Roday's father is a retired Air Force Master Sergeant and used to be the regional catering manager of Taco Cabana.At New York University's Experimental Theatre Wing, Roday studied theatre and earned a bachelor's degree in fine arts. At the age of 22 he selected the professional name James Roday as there was already another "James Rodriguez" registered in the Screen Actors Guild. Career Roday started his acting career starring in various theatrical productions, including Three Sisters, A Respectable Wedding and Severity's Mistress. He took on leading roles in Sexual Perversity in Chicago and Extinction which he produced with his theatre company Red Dog Squadron, for which he also directed the play Greedy and wrote and directed the one-act play Sustenance.His most recent foray onto the stage was in December 2016, when he starred in the New York production of White Rabbit Red Rabbit by Iranian playwright Nassim Soleimanpour.His big screen debut was in the 1999 movie Coming Soon alongside Ryan Reynolds and fellow debutant Ashton Kutcher. Other early film credits include the 2003 film Rolling Kansas and the 2005 film adaptation of The Dukes Of Hazzard.Behind the scenes, he and writing partners Todd Harthan and James DeMonaco wrote the screenplay for the 2006 film Skinwalkers. The team also worked on a script for the film adaptation of the video game Driver.Roday's television credits include starring roles in 2001's First Years on NBC's Miss Match in 2003. His big break came on July 7, 2006, with the series premiere of USA Network's original series Psych. Airing following the season premiere of USA's other comedic success, Monk, it was the highest-rated scripted basic cable TV show premiere of 2006. Psych ran for eight seasons until 2014.After Psych ended, Roday starred in various pilots and independent films, most notably Pushing Dead by independent filmmaker Tom E. Brown which accumulated a slew of awards at film festivals all over the country. At the same time, he began focusing more and more on his work behind the camera as a director, writer and producer. He has since directed episodes for Battle Creek, Rush Hour, Rosewood, Blood Drive and The Resident. He also developed, wrote and directed the pilots Shoot The Moon for USA and Quest For Truth for E!.Roday directed his first feature film, Gravy, in 2013, written by him and Todd Harthan.He co-wrote (once again with Todd Harthan) and directed his second film Treehouse as part of Hulu's monthly horror movie anthology Into The Dark, which aired in March 2019.In 2017, Roday returned to his most famous role as he starred in and executive produced Psych: The Movie. The TV movie, which he also co-wrote with Psych's series creator Steve Franks, aired in December 2017.A sequel was officially announced on February 14, 2019. It was filmed in Vancouver in March and April and is set to air in 2020 on NBCUniversal's streaming service Peacock.Roday is currently starring as Gary Mendez on ABC's dramedy A Million Little Things. The 2019–2020 Fall Season is the shows's second season. Personal life Roday is the co-artistic director of the Red Dog Squadron, a Los Angeles theater company he co-founded with Brad Raider. In 2012, Roday and Black Dahlia artistic director Matt Shakman bought the El Centro Theatre and started a long process of renovations with the intent of reopening it under its original name Circle Theatre. In a newsletter from August 2018, Raider and Roday announced that they had to resell the theatre in early 2018.Roday dated his Psych co-star Maggie Lawson from 2006 to 2013.

18055812201657446198

Q1851366

Pier Francesco Orsini Biography Born in Corigliano Calabro, he was the son of Giovanni Corrado Orsini and Clarice Orsini di Franciotto di Monterotondo, the daughter of Cardinal Franciotto Orsini and Violante di Vicino Orsini di Foglia. «Franciotto Orsini of Monterotondo married Violante Orsini di Castello, daughter of Pierfrancesco I Orsini, also known as Vicino, who was lord of Bomarzo and transmitted the rights to the fief to the daughter. Franciotto was educated with his aunt in the house of Lorenzo and a native of Giovanni de Medici who, once a pope, named the cousin who had just been widowed a cardinal.»Vicino Orsini inherited the duchy of Bomarzo seven years after the death of his father, thanks to an intercession by Alessandro Cardinal Farnese (the future Pope Paul III). He later married Alessandro's relative Giulia Farnese, not to be confused with her maternal great-aunt and the cardinal's sister Giulia Farnese, the mistress of Pope Alexander VI. His wife Giulia Farnese (d. 1564) was the daughter of Galeazzo Farnese, Duke of Latera and Isabella, daughter of Giuliano dell'Anguillara and Girolama Farnese (d. 1504). Giulia's maternal grandmother Girolama Farnese was the sister of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, Pope Paul III, and Giulia Farnese, the mistress of Rodrigo Borgia, Pope Alexander VI. The second Guilia Farnese's paternal great-grandfather was Bartolomeo Farnese, Count of Montalto and Canino, and the brother of Girolama, Alessandro (the future Pope Paul III) and Giulia Farnese. He was born in 1470 and married Iolanda Monaldeschi, with whom he had the son Pedro Bertodolo Farnese and the daughters Isabella and Cecilia. Bartolomeo died in 1552 and was the founder of the Duchy of Latera, which existed until 1668.Her grandmother Girolama was born in 1466 and was murdered with a sword on the 1st of November at not forty years of age, roughly ten years after her second marriage, for alleged infidelity by her stepson Giovanni Battista dell'Anguillara in Stabiae Castle. Her first marriage had been to Puccio Pucci, whom she married on the 10th of November 1483. From her second marriage to Count Giuliano dell'Anguillara and Stabiae whom she had married on the 15th of February 1495, came the daughter Isabella (Elisabeth) della Anguillara, who later married Galeazzo Farnese, the grandson of Bartolomeo, and the children of that marriage, the daughters Violante and Giulia Farnese.Some sources give the year of Girolama's death as 1504, some as 1505. Puccio Pucci died in 1494, and she married her second husband the following year.Vicino's wife Giulia Farnese was thus related to Pope Paul III two times over, as the child of the only child of his tragically murdered sister, and through the line that inherited the family title and holdings through his brother Bartolomeo as the daughter of Bartolomeo's grandson.Vicino's career as condottiero ended in the 1550s, when he was taken prisoner and the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis ended the French-Spanish Wars in Italy. Orsini then retired to Bomarzo where he surrounded himself with writers and artists, and devoted himself to an Epicurean style of life, which negated any contact with religion. Here he had a family and, starting from 1547, created the famous Park, whose enigmatic constructions and sculptures are one of the most suggestive example of late Renaissance art in Italy.After the death of his wife he dedicated the park to her memory.Vicino and Giulia had several children. Their eldest son was Corradino (b.1545).According to Casa Cesarini. Ricerche e documenti by Patrizia Rosini, Vicino Orsini married Giulia Farnese on the 11th of February 1545 in Rocca di Giove. According to the same book Giulia was named after her great-aunt because her mother Isabella had been raised and protected by her when she lost her mother. This book gives the year of Giulia's death as 1560, while Bomarzo: Ein Garten gegen Gott und die Welt by Renate Vergeiner gives it as 1564. According to Bomarzo: Ein Garten gegen Gott und die Welt the two married in 1541. The article The Collection of Corradino Orsino by Lothar Sickel places the wedding in January 1541.Both books agree, however, that the couple had five sons, Corradino, Marzio, Alessandro, Scipione and Orazio (died in the famous Battle of Lepanto in 1571), and two daughters, Faustina and Ottavia.Faustina Orsini (1557-1594) married Fabio Mattei. Fabio inherited the Palazzo Nuovo (Palazzo Mattei di Paganica) on his father’s death in 1566. He remained close to Cardinal Odoardo Farnese after the marriage. «It was with Fabio Mattei that the latter commissioned Annibale Carracci to paint the Pietà installed in the Mattei family chapel in San Francesco a Ripa at Easter 1603 (even though the chapel itself was not completed for a number of years), and Fabio bequeathed some works of art to Odoardo when he died in 1612. He evidently devoted himself to charitable pursuits within the SS Trinità after the death of his wife in 1594.» Her portrait was painted by Scipione Pulzone.Ottavia married Marcantonio Marescotti, III Count of Vignanello, and became Countess of Vignanello. The couple had the children Sforza Vicino Marescotti, IV Count of Vignanello, Clarice – Santa Giacinta Marescotti, Ginevra and Ortensia.Pier Francesco Orsini died on the 28 of January 1583.

16757180323770794301

Q17039230

John Weckert John Weckert (BA – University of Adelaide, Graduate Diploma in Computer Science – La Trobe University, Master of Arts – La Trobe University, Doctor of Philosophy – University of Melbourne) is an Australian philosopher who has been an influential figure in, and substantial contributor to the field of information and computer ethics. He has published many books and journal articles outlining his research in this field.He is the founder and Editor-in-Chief of the journal Nanoethics: Ethics for Technologies that Converge at the Nanoscale, as well as the Australian Computer Society (ACS) representative on the Technical Committee on Computers and Society. He works closely with the ACS on various projects, including developing case studies to accompany the ACS Code of Ethics, with the case studies linking to clauses outlined in the CoE. He is also the manager of the Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics (CAPPE) Program on Emerging Technologies: IT and Nanotechnology at Charles Sturt University. He is currently the Senior Professor of Information Technology in the School of Information Studies at Charles Sturt University. Contributions to Information Ethics Weckert has contributed many ideas to Information Ethics, specifically relative to the relationship between the philosophical and applied sides of Information and Computer Ethics. Trust in an Online Environment Weckert has done extensive research on the idea of trust within an online environment. He sums up his theories in his 2005 article, "Trust in Cyberspace".In the article, Weckert focuses on a few key issues regarding the concept of trust and if and when it may be possible in cyberspace. Trust has both cognitive and non-cognitive aspects: one may feel a certain way about another's trustworthiness without believing it in their mind. Trust opens one up to a degree of risk and is thus indispensable to friendship. Weckert opposes trust with monitoring by arguing that in order for trust to exist there must be limits on monitoring. He argues that a lack of community values or online social norms makes the internet less trustworthy but this obstacle may dissipate over time. He also addresses the hurdles that online anonymity and disembodiment put in front of online trust.In terms of the effect trust has on the average person (or digital representation of a person) in an online environment, Weckert's ideas apply similarly. He assesses some factors relevant to video gaming, where trust is often an issue, specifically when playing against human opponents. In his 2005 article, he specifies some methods for obtaining online trust, and his second method focuses on how to do so in the context of e-commerce. Near the end he mentions that developing trust in areas such as chat groups is not as much of a problem because not as much is at stake. This is also true in some cases with respect to online gaming. While gaming certainly does not place as much at stake as a financial transaction, players sometimes have a very strong connection to the game or some part of the game such as their avatar, and for this reason trust is an important factor for them within the game. Trust in Relation to Cheating Weckert's work with online trust also has significant implications on cheating. Due to the increased sense of community and closeness associated with the establishment of trust in an online environment, occurrences of cheating are likely to decline. In Mia Consalvo's 2007 article on gaining advantages in video games, she states that one sense of cheating can be defined as "violating the spirit of the game." The "spirit of the game" is less likely to be violated if each player in the virtual world has some type of trust that the others will respect the game in at least a similar sense to their own. By definition, the spirit of the game would not be violated by the players (or at least minimally violated), therefore by definition this would mean that cheating would at least decline. Other Contributions In addition to his work related to trust, Weckert has contributed to many other areas within Information and Computer Ethics. Recently, he has begun research on the application of the precautionary principle to nanotechnology. This research involves a careful analysis of the real and potential risks of developments in nanotechnology, as well as an examination of just what the precautionary principle is. Publications Weckert has published both books and scholarly journal entries. This is an abridged version of the list of his work, as he has contributed to many other publications including guest editorships, book chapters, conferences, talks, and professional magazines.

16306001792183640807

Q688595

Freedom Party in Carinthia Background The party's origins lie with the Carinthia branch of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ). Jörg Haider, chairman of that branch since 1983, was elected federal FPÖ chairman in 1986. Under a previously introduced restructuring plan, Haider transformed the Carinthian branch into The Freedom Party in Carinthia under the federal umbrella of the FPÖ. Haider made his home state of Carinthia a stronghold of the party and twice served as state governor (1989–1991 and 1999–2008).In 2000, he also led the party into participation in the federal government of Chancellor Wolfgang Schüssel, but due to the controversies surrounding his persona, had to remove himself from federal politics, concentrating on state politics. Haider had already resigned as chairman of the state party in autumn 1998. However, even as a "common party member" he remained the most prominent figure in the party, causing the resignation of the then-party leadership in 2002. Foundation and early years After a series of electoral defeats, Haider in 2005 suggested re-inventing, rejuvenating the FPÖ and when this proved to be controversial, moved to found a new party, the Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZÖ). All the FPÖ government ministers and most of its deputies in the federal parliament joined the new party, continuing the coalition until the 2006 federal election.The statute of the new party gave its Carinthian branch (running under the name The Freedomites in Carinthia — BZÖ List Jörg Haider) considerable autonomy. The party was characterised by the discrepancy between Carinthia and the other states of Austria: while the Carinthian branch of the FPÖ almost entirely sided with Haider and joined the BZÖ, the other branches stayed with the old FPÖ (though Tyrol and Vorarlberg played with the idea of switching to BZÖ). In Carinthia, the Freedomites-BZÖ under Haider could simply supplant the FPÖ as the strongest party in the state (winning subsequent election), but the BZÖ failed to overtake the FPÖ both in other state elections as well as in the 2006 federal election.Jörg Haider, as chairman of the strongest branch within the BZÖ and as governor of Carinthia, remained the chief politician, even after giving up the federal chair in June 2006. He returned to that position in August 2008 but died in a car accident in October. Haider's succession and split Haider's death vacated three positions: Gerhard Dörfler immediately succeeded as governor of Carinthia, Uwe Scheuch as chairman of the state party in November 2008, and Josef Bucher as federal BZÖ chairman in April 2009.In the 2009 state election, held in March 2009, the party won 44.9% of the vote and Dörfler was confirmed as governor.In December 2009, the Carinthian branch of the BZÖ, led by Scheuch and Dörfler broke off from the national party organisation, citing Bucher's economic liberalism. In a press conference together with FPÖ chairman Heinz-Christian Strache, Scheuch announced that his party would henceforth put their support behind the FPÖ rather than the BZÖ. Scheuch emphasised that the Freedom Party of Carinthia (FPK) would remain a distinct party, citing the relationship of the German CDU and the Bavarian CSU as an example.The BZÖ leadership disputed the legality of the split and, at the FPK party convention on 16 January 2010, tried to force a referendum on the party's future alignment. However, Scheuch was reelected by 90% of the delegates and the re-alignment with the FPÖ received unanimous support. On 30 January, the BZÖ founded their own Carinthian branch, with federal chairman Bucher also functioning as state chairman. 2013 state election and dissolution In the 2013 state election, held in March 2013, the party saw its share of votes more than halved at 16.9%, the largest loss of votes in post-World War II Austria, while the BZÖ got 6.4%. Gerhard Dörfler was thus replaced as governor by Peter Kaiser, local leader of the Social Democratic Party of Austria.In June 2013 97.3% of party members decided to merge the FPK into the FPÖ, thus becoming its state section in Carinthia.

1098686930220163901

Q513302

Robert Stephen Ford Personal life and education Ford is originally from Denver, Colorado, but is more recently a resident of Maryland. He earned a bachelor of arts in international studies and a master of arts in Middle East studies and economics from Johns Hopkins University. In addition, he pursued advanced Arabic studies at The American University in Cairo.In addition to English, Ford speaks German, Turkish, French, and Arabic.A senior advisor to the Coalition Provisional Authority in Iraq once described Ford as being "regarded as one of the best Arabists in the State Department".Ford is married to Alison Barkley, who is a fellow diplomat. Earlier career A career member of the United States Foreign Service, he entered the service in 1985 and has been stationed in İzmir, Cairo, Algiers and Yaoundé.Ford served as Deputy Chief of Mission in Bahrain from 2001 until 2004, and Political Counselor to the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad from 2004 until 2006. Algeria He was nominated for the position of U.S. Ambassador to Algeria by U.S. President George W. Bush on April 13, 2006. The nomination was sent to the U.S. Senate on April 24 and confirmed on May 27. Ford was sworn in on August 11. He served in the Algiers post until June 26, 2008. Syria In 2010, U. S. President Barack Obama nominated Ford as the first U.S. Ambassador to Syria in five years (pending U.S. Senate approval). In December 2010, after the U.S. Senate had failed to act on the nomination, Obama used a recess appointment to secure Ford the position. The Senate then confirmed Ford by unanimous consent on October 3, 2011. As a result, Ford no longer was serving under a recess appointment and therefore could have held the position until Obama's term ended in January 2017.On October 24, 2011, Ford was recalled from Syria due to what the U.S. State Department described as "credible threats" to his safety. Ford had attracted the ire of pro-Assad Syrians due to his strong support of the Syrian uprising. According to American officials, Ford had been attacked by an armed pro-government mob, and Syrian state television had begun running reports blaming him for the formation of death squads similar to those in Iraq. This led to fears that supporters of the Syrian government might try to kill him.In August 2013, it was reported by The New York Times that U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry had recommended that Ford serve as the next U.S. Ambassador to Egypt, following the incumbent ambassador, Anne W. Patterson, being nominated to serve as the Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs – the head of the Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs within the U.S. Department of State, which oversees the Middle East.On February 4, 2014, officials of the U.S. State Department said that Ford was retiring and on February 28 announced his departure.The U.S. States Department announced the appointment of Daniel Rubinstein as U.S. special envoy for Syria on March 14.In 2014 and 2015, Ford said he could "no longer defend" the Obama Administration's Syria policy, claiming that if the Administration armed the moderate rebels, the al-Qaida groups would have been "unable to compete". He later walked back these comments and shifted his criticism towards the rebel groups for cooperating with jihadists.In December 2018, Ford declared his support for President Trump's decision to withdraw US troops from Syria, describing it as "essentially correct." Actions in Syria He visited Hama, where he was cheered by protesters.He visited a mass grave at Jisr ash-Shugur. He met with Hassan Abdul-Azim, and was attacked with eggs and tomatoes by government supporters. During an interview with the Russian state-run television network Russia Today, former CIA intelligence officer Michael Scheuer alleged that prior to Ford's removal he was traveling across the country inciting groups to overthrow the government. Later career After retiring from government service, Ford was a resident of St. Johnsbury, Vermont, a senior fellow at the Middle East Institute, and a professor at Yale University's Jackson Institute for Global Affairs. Honors Ford is a recipient of several Department of State awards, including the 2005 James Clement Dunn Award for Excellence for outstanding work at the mid-level in the Foreign Service as well as three Superior Honor Awards and two Meritorious Honor Awards.In 2012, Ford was awarded the Profile in Courage Award by the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation for his work as the U.S. ambassador in Syria amidst "repeated threats to his life" where he was doing what was characterized as "traveling around Syria to encourage and support peaceful protesters targeted by Assad's brutal crackdown".

3361461664454781009

Q966585

Miami, Missouri History Miami was originally called Greenville, under which name it was platted in 1838. A post office called Miami has been in operation since 1838. The present name is after the Miami Indians.The Fisher-Gabbert Archeological Site, Guthrey Archeological Site, and Old Fort are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Geography Miami is located at 39°19′21″N 93°13′30″W.According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.63 square miles (1.63 km²), of which 0.56 square miles (1.45 km²) is land and 0.07 square miles (0.18 km²) is water. 2010 census As of the census of 2010, there were 175 people, 60 households, and 46 families residing in the city. The population density was 312.5 inhabitants per square mile (120.7/km²). There were 73 housing units at an average density of 130.4 per square mile (50.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.7% White, 0.6% African American, 0.6% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.7% of the population.There were 60 households of which 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.3% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 23.3% were non-families. 16.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.92 and the average family size was 3.37.The median age in the city was 39.3 years. 27.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.5% were from 25 to 44; 31.4% were from 45 to 64; and 12% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.9% male and 53.1% female. 2000 census As of the census of 2000, there were 160 people, 58 households, and 40 families residing in the city. The population density was 285.2 people per square mile (110.3/km²). There were 68 housing units at an average density of 121.2 per square mile (46.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 96.88% White, 0.62% African American, 1.88% Native American, 0.62% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.75% of the population.There were 58 households out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.0% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.15.In the city the population was spread out with 32.5% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 8.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males.The median income for a household in the city was $27,750, and the median income for a family was $36,042. Males had a median income of $27,000 versus $13,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,055. About 20.5% of families and 26.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 42.6% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those sixty five or over.

5318952038682406378

Q7155076

Pauline Pirok Background Chewing gum magnate and Chicago Cubs owner Philip K. Wrigley decided, in 1942, to start a women's professional baseball league, concerned that the 1943 Major League Baseball season might be canceled because of World War II. Since the only organized ball for women in the country was softball, the league created a hybrid game which included both softball and baseball. Wrigley had scouts all over the United States, Canada and even Cuba signing girls for tryouts. About 500 girls attended the call. Of these, only 280 were invited to the final try-outs in Chicago, where 60 of them were chosen to become the first women to ever play professional baseball.The players were placed on the rosters of four fifteen-player teams. Then, four non-Major League cities were selected that were in close proximity to the AAGPBL headquarters in Chicago and close to each other: Rockford of Illinois, South Bend of Indiana, and Racine and Kenosha of Wisconsin. Publicist Arthur Meyerhoff was given the responsibility of coordinating operations with city officials and civic leaders in communities, as well as a projected budget was developed. The first spring training of the new league was set for May 17, 1943, at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Pauline Pirok survived the final cut to become one of the original players signed by the league. Biography A native of Chicago, Illinois, Pirok entered the AAGPBL in 1943 with the Kenosha Comets, playing for them two and a half years before joining the South Bend Blue Sox (1945–1948). For six years, she divided her playing time at third base and shortstop, making a few appearances as an emergency pitcher. Her most productive season came in 1943, when she hit a career-best .234 average as a 17-year-old rookie. In that same season, Pirok helped Kenosha beat the Blue Sox in a game, 10–0, collecting four hits in five at-bats, including a double and a triple. In the following series against the Rockford Peaches, which the Comets swept, she kept up her hot hitting going 4-for-10, including four of the eight runs that her team scored in the series. During two consecutive years the Comets advanced to the playoffs, but were beaten in the first round. At the end of the season, she was selected to the All-Star Team.At one point during the 1945 season she was leading the league with 20 runs batted in, but Kenosha traded her to South Bend along with Phyllis Koehn in return for Lois Florreich and Dorothy Schroeder. After that Pirok injured her ankle and lost the rest of the season. From 1946 to 1948, she was mostly used to fill at infield, outfield and pinch hit, helping South Bend to make the playoffs in these years, but unable to reach the league finals. She was also one of two hundred players to attend the first AAGPBL spring training outside the United States, which was held in 1947 in Cuba at the Gran Stadium de La Habana.Following her playing career, Pirok worked as a physical education teacher for 36 years in the Chicago Public School system. After retiring, she became an avid golfer to stay active. Pirok was living in Orland Park, Illinois as of 2008. Legacy The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League folded in 1954, but there is now a permanent display at the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum at Cooperstown, New York since November 5, 1988 that honors those who were part of this unique experience. The entire AAGPBL is now enshrined in the Hall rather than any individual player. A League of Their Own is a 1992 film about the first season of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. While the film does not use real names, filmmaker Penny Marshall seemed to be aiming for realism, as her film includes fake newsreel footage and pseudo-documentary present day scenes at the beginning and end of the fictitious story. A League of Their Own itself was inspired by the 1987 documentary of the same title, written and produced by Kelly Candaele, one of the five sons of Helen Callaghan, who in 1945 won the AAGPBL batting championship with a .299 average. Pauline Pirok, like many of her colleagues, was relatively unknown until the Marshall's film was exhibited for the first time.

16780378519791645328

Q7056915

North Sydney Technical High School History Prior to British colonisation in 1788, the lower north shore of Port Jackson (i.e. Terry Hills, Duffys Forest, Narrabeen, Dee Why, Curl Curl, Freshwater, Manly, Middle Cove, Lane Cove, North Sydney and Chatswood) was originally inhabited by the Gai-mariagal people. Six major family groups comprised the overall Gai-mariagal clan- the main three being Galmai, the Gatlay and the Gammeray. The land on which the former North Sydney Technical High School stands was occupied by the Gammeray people, recently referred to as Cammeraygal or Cammeraigal. The first fleet officer Collins noted that the Gammeray people were 'a stronger and more virile people than others living around the harbour as they were larger and more numerous. Collins also noted that it was the role of the Gammeray during initiation rites to remove the right front tooth of young men from neighbouring groups, a privilege believed now to be a reciprocal obligation with other groups who had ceremonial obligations with the Gammeray people.In April 1789 almost half of Sydney's Indigenous population died of smallpox. In 1790 Governor Phillip noted '...it is seldom that any of them are now seen near the settlement.' Survivors of the smallpox epidemic regrouped in areas such as Broken Bay, Kissing Point (Ryde), Woolloomooloo, Le Perouse and Botany Bay. This regrouping of ancient clans and families involved social re-organisation and possible merging of dialects and culture. By 1830 records show that apart from a group camping in the government boatsheds west of Circular Quay, few people identified as Aboriginal were living in Sydney. Curtilage boundary South: One of the Moreton Bay fig trees (Ficus macrophylla) forming part of the curtilage dominates the Blue Street front of the curtilage, screens the school building from the street. Bus stop shelters further separate the school from Blue Street. The Pacific Highway frontage of the site comprises a two-storey facade of Greenwood Plaza (which can be accessed directly from the Pacific Highway), with the school behind on a higher level. The northern skylight of the plaza below is at this upper ground level of the school.West: along the edge of the former school, facing Gas Lane the curtilage is about 4 metres into this laneway space. On the eastern side of the former school, the curtilage is about 4m east of the school's facade. On the northern side of the former school, the northern skylight structure of the Greenwood Plaza below is entirely within the SHR curtilage. The Old Lions The Old Lions is made up of the former students and teachers of that school and provides a contact point for those connected with the school via its newsletters and reunions, and website. The Old Lions holds a members' dinner and a teachers' lunch each year, and provides a monetary award to Killara High School students for Excellence in Technology and Applied Studies. A large proportion of The Old Lions' memorabilia is recorded in an online database. Membership of the association remains very strong considering that the school closed more than 40 years ago. Heritage listing As at 29 September 2008, the Greenwood Hotel is a rare and unique example of Gothic and Romanesque Revival styles and remains substantially intact from 1908. The earliest wing of the school was built to the design of architect George Mansfield, a prominent architect of the time, and is an exceptional example of his work. The other parts of the building demonstrate the work of another notable 19th century state school Architect William Kemp. The Greenwood Hotel was the first state school erected on the north shore of Port Jackson and was the first technical school on the north shore. The fact that the school was used continuously for educational purposes from 1877 to 1969 is of high significance and has created a strong cultural meaning to people in the area. The sandstone structure is now surrounded by open landscaping and urban development elements and the nearby towers are set away from the Greenwood Hotel. This space has become an important urban precinct for retailers, office workers and locals, and is well utilised as a pedestrian thoroughfare and a place to meet and relax. The two remaining Moreton Bay Fig trees retain the setting of the Greenwood Hotel and the landmark qualities of the area. The sandstone building is a scarcity of architectural type and is relatively intact. The age of the building relates to the predominant fabric of North Sydney and the building fabric itself demonstrates this historical significance. The school and its open setting with fig trees are landmarks of North Sydney and engender a high degree of public esteem in relation to its local and schooling history.North Sydney Technical High School was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

6590306196771896990

Q17386323

Marcus Lindblom Early life and career Marcus Lindblom was raised in "a traditional, middle-class family". He dropped out of college, married, and moved with his spouse to Japan in the late 1980s. They planned to stay several months, but stayed four years before returning in 1990. EarthBound In the United States, Lindblom returned to college and, in 1990, began to work at Nintendo of America's customer service and game assistance call center in Redmond, Washington. He would wake up at four a.m. to work before class, a schedule he considered "energizing". Upon his graduation, Lindblom became a Software Analyst at Nintendo, where he worked on their games. Lindblom later transitioned to work as a localizer, where he translated Nintendo's Japanese games into English for Western audiences. As standard for the time, he worked without a department and in direct contact with the headquarters, which gave him wide decision-making latitude. Lindblom worked on Wario's Woods before coming to the EarthBound project around January 1995. He took over for Nintendo's Dan Owsen, who had localized a tenth of the game's script before moving to another project. The game was roughly translated from Japanese by a translator, and Lindblom received a paper script with the translation. Masayuki Miura, a Japanese writer, worked with Lindblom to contextualize the English script for the mood and message intended by the game's original development team.Lindblom found his task of translating an "outsider's view of the U.S." for an American audience the hardest part of the localization. Nintendo did not want a direct translation, but a more American version of the script. He recalled that he was given latitude to make the script "as weird as [he] wanted" but also sought to stay true to the original text's translation, though he never communicated with Shigesato Itoi (the game's creator) directly. Lindblom's own humor and office in-jokes worked their way into the script alongside cultural allusions to Bugs Bunny, comedian Benny Hill, and This Is Spinal Tap. Outside the game's script, Lindblom's in-game text includes the item and weapon names as well as the combat prompts. His writing contains multiple Easter eggs, such as in some of the character's names. One character is named for his daughter, Nico, who was born during development. After taking the day off for her birthday, Lindblom recalled working for the next 30 days straight, without weekends off. He remembered the workload as large, and recalled "grinding-out" for about 14 hours a day. The localization process took four months.Lindblom credited Miura and the game's affirming "tone" as what helped him manage the magnitude of the project. He remembers the game as "very [positive at its heart]" and wrote it to be "a glass half full kind of game". When asked of his favorite contribution to the final work, Lindblom remembered the character Pokey's mother, Lardna. He described the name choice as "just the most ridiculous thing to have picked". Nicholas Dean Des Barres of DieHard GameFan, an original reviewer, wrote that EarthBound was translated "impeccably" and praised the game's humor. In the period following its release, the game's English localization has found praise. Localization reviewer Clyde Mandelin described the Japanese-to-English conversion as "top-notch for its time". Kotaku found the localization "funny, clever, and evocative".The American development team was devastated by the release's poor critical response and sales. Lindblom recalled that the game's reception was hurt by appearing "simplistic" in an age that revered graphics quality. He felt that the game's changes to the RPG formula—e.g., the rolling HP meter and fleeing enemies—were ignored in the following years. At the time of the game's Virtual Console rerelease, he felt the game had aged well. After EarthBound Lindblom worked on several other Nintendo games and left in 1996. He later worked at studios such as Electronic Arts, Vivendi Games, Midway Games, and THQ. Lindblom established Partly Cloudy Games with friends around 2009. The company has contracted with Microsoft and is also developing a real-time strategy Facebook game named The Robot Apocalypse. As of 2013, Lindblom runs Carried Away Games, a mobile games studio. He described many of the games he worked on in his career as "forgettable" and the eventual popularity of EarthBound as "satisfying". He cited the example of a wedding proposal done through hacked text in EarthBound as something he appreciated. After following the fan community from afar, in mid-2012, Lindblom approached the Fangamer booth at the Penny Arcade Expo and explained his involvement in the game. When EarthBound was announced for the Wii U Virtual Console, the press began to show greater interest in Lindblom's work. Lindblom had planned a book about the game's development, release, and fandom as a Kickstarter project before a reply from Nintendo discouraged him from pursuing the idea. He did not plan to profit from the book, but felt he "owed" the fan community for its dedication. In response, he said he plans to continue his ongoing dialogue with the community. Lindblom told Kotaku that he thinks of EarthBound as his "finest accomplishment".

14923347046924941691

Q1637631

Planning fallacy The planning fallacy, first proposed by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky in 1979, is a phenomenon in which predictions about how much time will be needed to complete a future task display an optimism bias and underestimate the time needed.This phenomenon sometimes occurs regardless of the individual's knowledge that past tasks of a similar nature have taken longer to complete than generally planned. The bias only affects predictions about one's own tasks; when outside observers predict task completion times, they show a pessimistic bias, overestimating the time needed. The planning fallacy requires that predictions of current tasks' completion times are more optimistic than the beliefs about past completion times for similar projects and that predictions of the current tasks' completion times are more optimistic than the actual time needed to complete the tasks. In 2003, Lovallo and Kahneman proposed an expanded definition as the tendency to underestimate the time, costs, and risks of future actions and at the same time overestimate the benefits of the same actions. According to this definition, the planning fallacy results in not only time overruns, but also cost overruns and benefit shortfalls. For group tasks Carter and colleagues conducted three studies in 2005 that demonstrate empirical support that the planning fallacy also affects predictions concerning group tasks. This research emphasizes the importance of how temporal frames and thoughts of successful completion contribute to the planning fallacy. Additional studies Bent Flyvbjerg and Cass Sunstein argue that Albert O. Hirschman's Hiding Hand principle is the planning fallacy writ large, and they tested the empirical validity of the principle. See also further reading below for additional studies. Segmentation effect The segmentation effect is defined as the time allocated for a task being significantly smaller than the sum of the time allocated to individual smaller sub-tasks of that task. In a study performed by Forsyth in 2008, this effect was tested to determine if it could be used to reduce the planning fallacy. In three experiments, the segmentation effect was shown to be influential. However, the segmentation effect demands a great deal of cognitive resources and is not very feasible to use in everyday situations. Implementation intentions Implementation intentions are concrete plans that accurately show how, when, and where one will act. It has been shown through various experiments that implementation intentions help people become more aware of the overall task and see all possible outcomes. Initially, this actually causes predictions to become even more optimistic. However, it is believed that forming implementation intentions "explicitly recruits willpower" by having the person commit themselves to the completion of the task. Those that had formed implementation intentions during the experiments began work on the task sooner, experienced fewer interruptions, and later predictions had reduced optimistic bias than those who had not. It was also found that the reduction in optimistic bias was mediated by the reduction in interruptions. Reference class forecasting Reference class forecasting predicts the outcome of a planned action based on actual outcomes in a reference class of similar actions to that being forecast. Real-world examples The Sydney Opera House was expected to be completed in 1963. A scaled-down version opened in 1973, a decade later. The original cost was estimated at $7 million, but its delayed completion led to a cost of $102 million.The Eurofighter Typhoon defense project took six years longer than expected, with an overrun cost of 8 billion euros.The Boston Central Artery was completed seven years later than planned, costing another $12 billion.The Denver International Airport opened sixteen months later than scheduled, with a total cost of $4.8 billion, over $2 billion more than expected.The Berlin Brandenburg Airport is another egregious case. After 15 years of planning, construction began in 2006, with the opening planned for October 2011. There were numerous delays. It is currently estimated that this airport will be opened in 2021. The original budget was €2.83 billion; current projections are close to €10.0 billion.

518422669629818051

Q27816979

Ash Code Early days In January 2014, “Dry your Eyes” and “Unnecessary Songs” were released online. Since the very beginning, they acquired attention from DJs and media from the Dark Wave scene thanks to their fresh sound that was still faithfully anchored in the 80's. In a matter of weeks, they signed with the Greek label Gehemnis Records for releasing a 7” single (300 numbered copies in June 2014)and an extended mix of “Dry Your Eyes” was included in the third volume of “Pagan Love Songs” compilation (compiled by Ralf Thyssen and Thomas Thyssen) alongside other important bands like She Past Away, Linea Aspera, The Chameleons, Psyche, Ulterior, Miserylab. A second digital single for the song "Empty Room" was released in June 2014 including the cover of "I can't escape myself" from The Sound as b-side. 'Oblivion' LP (2014) On October 15, 2014, Ash Code released their first full-length album, ‘Oblivion’ on CD under the Swiss Dark Nights label. The concept of oblivion described by the band is interpreted possibility in accordance with Nietzschean philosophy, where forgetfulness was described as an active force to forget what one suffers and afflicts us without getting caught in a spiral of negative feelings and depression. It is one way to react positively to life, to avoid further pain and suffering. The work reached 2nd in the “Soundcheck” chart of Sonic Seducer and it was described as feverish and restless debut, capable of translating the Icy Expressionist theme pairing with the abrasive sweep of the neo industrial; essentially 10 tracks between Dark Wave and black electro pop, succeeding at capturing the early days yet blending them into present time by means of modern Synthpop, catchy and tormented hints delivering one of the best Dark Wave albums of 2014.A second press of the CD was released in May 2015 with inverted colours for the cover, as well as a vinyl version under the label Manic Drepression Records. 'Posthuman' LP (2016) On February 27, 2016 their second LP “Posthuman” was released under the Swiss Dark Nights label. According to the band, we live in a posthuman era. It is an era of technology, of multiculturalism, of the transformation of every aspect of the world around us. In this radical change, the individual must relocate ethically, socially and politically while men must reformulate their values, with the understanding that they do not own the world but rather share it with other natural beings. The album reached the 2nd position in the “Soundcheck” chart of Sonic Seducer again and was described as a hectic work of obsessive rhythm and markedly post-punk.The sepulchral vocals and dark catchiness of the supporting melodies, being constantly on the edge of a glacial minimalism made the album pretty much reverberating electrogoth similar to other seminal bands such as Clan Of Xymox, Depeche Mode, The Sisters Of Mercy.The band used minimal wave structures ultimately intended for the dance floor and adhered to the dandy apocalyptic manifesto claiming Gary Numan, Soft Cell and Neon as inspirational fathers.Posthuman is also depicted as an album where the trio searches for new paths, personalizing the sound with 'noisy analog DIY synthesisers and instruments such as Mellotron and Theremin, being overall a more mature work and even more accessible than "Oblivion".On April 2016 a vinyl version with inverted colours for the cover was released under the label Manic Depression Records.During the last months of 2016 they start to remix songs from their favourite bands like Moby, Hante, She Past Away and Massive Ego. 'Perspektive' LP (2018) On May 18, 2018 the band released the third album "Perspektive” on Swiss Dark Nights / Manic Depression Records.The LP reached the first position in the “Soundcheck” chart of Sonic Seducer and was selected as "Album of the month" too.On 12 September 2018 the band announces to have signed with Metropolis Records and every record is reprinted on Cd and vinyl in exclusive editions for the North and South America during the autumn 2018. Live performances From their inception, they have toured Europe, USA, Latin America and Russia sharing the stage with important bands of the scene such as Gang of Four, Clan of Xymox, Cold Cave, Sigue Sigue Sputnik, The Soft Moon, Drab Majesty, Front Line Assembly, The Frozen Autumn, Skeletal Family, Kælan Mikla, Pink Turns Blue, She Past Away, Lebanon Hanover, Boy Harsher, Covenant, Hante, Agent Side Grinder, New Model Army, Kirlian Camera, Trisomie 21, The Invincible Spirit, Minuit Machine, Sixth June, Veil Of Light, Mr.Kitty and Vólkova.They have also performed at darkwave/goth festivals such as Wave-Gotik-Treffen (2015 and 2018), Amphi Festival (2019), Entremuralhas, Castle Party, Nocturnal Culture Night (2015 and 2017), W-Festival, Dark Storm Festival, Prague Gothic Treffen XIII and A Murder of Crows Festival (2019) Name, sound and influences The two words of the band’s moniker have the initials A and C corresponding to those of the band members. They chose “Ash” in homage to the active volcano near their city Napoli, Vesuvius, and “Code” to evoke something indefinite yet existentialist.Their music is deeply influenced by early 80’s tunes from bands like Depeche Mode and The Sisters of Mercy, a sound devoted to the drum machine, powerful synthesisers and benefitting from the versatility of a Fender VI bass,a formula previously used by New Order and The Cure.

6458737013894664828

Q6974382

National Monuments Council (South Africa and Namibia) History The National Monuments Council was the successor to the Historical Monuments Commission which had been in existence since 1923 and upon its creation the 'historical monuments' declared by the Commission became known as 'national monuments'. Like its predecessor it was a statutory body, semi-independent of government and presided over by a council appointed by the Minister responsible for culture. It had its head office in Cape Town rather than the national capital Pretoria. This reflected its preoccupation with the heritage of the early colonial (Dutch) period, the area around Cape Town being the most densely colonised during that time and hence the area in which most remnants of Dutch colonialism in South Africa are located. This is borne out by the fact that around half of the national monuments declared by the NMC were located in what is now the Western Cape Province. The Apartheid Era Most of the period of existence the NMC fell within the apartheid era. During this period the organisation was governed by a Council made up exclusively of white South Africans and had a professional staff of similar composition. However, from not long after PW Botha's introduction of the Tricameral Parliament in 1984 the membership of the Council included one representative from each of the Coloured and Indian communities. During the de Klerk era (1989–1994) the organisation began to shift focus and declared a number of sites important to the history of the African community, including those associated with anti-apartheid movements, commencing with the declaration of the Sol Plaatje House in Kimberley in 1992. Post-Apartheid From 1994, under the post-Apartheid government, the make-up and focus of the organisation began to change to reflect the changes in South African society. During this period the composition of the Council and professional staff came to reflect the demographics of the country and a concerted effort was made to declare sites that reflected a broader national heritage.At the end of March 2000 the National Monuments Council was replaced by the South African Heritage Resources Agency, SAHRA, and over the following years the establishment of provincial heritage resources authorities saw the shift of the majority of its functions to provincial level. In terms of Section 58 of the National Heritage Resources Act national monuments became the responsibility of provincial heritage resources authorities and are now known as provincial heritage sites. A new category of national heritage site was created and is the responsibility of SAHRA. Independence of Namibia In 1990, when the territory of South West Africa became Namibia, the National Monuments Act remained in force and a National Monuments Council was established for the newly independent country. This organisation continued to operate until the promulgation of the Namibian Heritage Act of 2004 in terms of which the National Heritage Council was established. Logo The logo of the National Monuments Council was almost the same as that used by its predecessor the Historical Monuments Commission. It depicts the entrance gate of the Cape Town Castle (the first historical monument to be declared by the Commission) surrounded by a wreath of King Proteas (South Africa's national flower) and capped with the national coat of arms that was used between 1910 and 2000. The only change from the Historical Monuments Commission period is the inclusion of a padrão in the centre of the castle gateway, a symbol of the Portuguese 'discovery' of Africa and apparently symbolic of the inclusion of South West Africa (now Namibia) within the area of jurisdiction of the organisation. Offices The Head Office of the National Monuments Council was in Cape Town and for most of its existence was the only base from which the organisation operated.From the mid-1980s 'regional offices' were established. The first was in Pretoria to service the then Transvaal province and thereafter in the other two provinces of the time, the Orange Free State (Bloemfontein) and Natal (initially Durban, but later Pietermaritzburg) provinces. The Cape Province came to be served by regional offices in Cape Town (Western Cape), Kimberley (Northern Cape) and Grahamstown (Eastern Cape). An office was also established in Windhoek, the capital of the South African governed territory of South West Africa.Following the establishment of nine provinces in 1994 the boundaries of the regions served were brought into line with those of provinces and over the next few years what were now called 'provincial offices' were established in those provinces that did not yet have an office. With the coming into effect of the National Heritage Resources Act in 1999, the records and in some cases staff of these offices were taken over by provincial heritage resources authorities. Funding The National Monuments Council received the bulk of its funds as a transfer payment from the department of the Minister responsible for culture. For most of its history this was the Department of National Education, but after 1994 the Department of Arts, Culture Science and Technology. The organisation also administered a number of trust funds established for the care of particular sites or types of heritage and derived income from properties which it owned, most notably Dal Josaphat near Paarl in the Western Cape.

4866916056304972668

Q3206021

Parallel Universe (Red Dwarf) Plot Holly invents a new drive system called the "Holly Hop Drive", declaring that it can theoretically get Red Dwarf back to Earth in an instant. When Arnold Rimmer, Dave Lister and Cat decide to use the new system, it transports the ship into a parallel universe, and in proximity of a parallel version of Red Dwarf. Onboard, Rimmer, Lister and Holly encounter their female counterparts – Arlene Rimmer (Suzanne Bertish), Deb Lister (Angela Bruce) and Hilly (Hattie Hayridge) – discovering that in this universe, women are the masters and superior gender, while men fought for equal rights. Cat, expecting to encounter his female counterpart, is shocked to find it to be actually a male dog-like humanoid named Dog (Matthew Devitt).Holly and Hilly reveal that they need a day to repair the Hop Drive, leaving the two groups to decide to socialise in the disco for the night. Lister and Rimmer are soon put off by their counterparts – the former criticising Deb on her qualities despite sharing them himself, and the latter resisting Arlene's overbearing sexual advances – while Cat and Dog disagree on dance techniques. Despite this, Lister has sex with Deb, but is shocked in the morning when Arlene points out that men in their universe get pregnant, rather than women. After Holly and Hilly confirm this, Lister becomes horrified that this universe's rules will ensure this. After he, Rimmer, Cat and Holly return to their Red Dwarf and universe, Lister conducts a pregnancy test. As he waits for the results, Holly speculates that this might be the answer to how he saw a "future echo" of himself with twin boys, to which Rimmer delights in how he recalled Lister's response to finding it out and the results eventually coming back positive, much to Lister's dismay. Tongue Tied For time reasons, "Parallel Universe" was shown without its opening credit sequence, and was originally shown with no episode titles at all, although the introduction sequence would later be added in the remastered version. Instead the viewer was led straight into the Cat's song dream scene, where the Cat performs the "Tongue Tied" song, with Rimmer and Lister in backing vocals. The "Tongue Tied" lyrics were written by Grant and Naylor and the music was produced by Howard Goodall. The dance sequence, which was choreographed by Charles Augins (who appeared in the previous episode, "Queeg"), also had to be trimmed down. It proved very popular and later spawned a single release under the artist name "The Cat: Tongue tied", reaching No. 17 in the UK Singles Chart in October 1993. Other To keep costs down existing shots of the Red Dwarf ship were matted together to give the appearance of two of them. This enabled the crew to use the finances on other model shots. The scenes would later be recreated for the remastered version using CGI.This was to be Norman Lovett's last appearance as Holly until his brief return as the character in Series VII and full return in Series VIII some ten years later. After the end of Series 2, Lovett decided to leave the show. Having recently married and settled in Edinburgh he felt the travelling from Edinburgh to production locations in London and Manchester would prove problematic, so Lovett decided not to come to rehearsals any more – there was a conflict with the producers, and Lovett was let go. Plus there was the promise of Lovett's own TV show, I, Lovett, taking off at the time. Hattie Hayridge had appeared as Hilly, Holly's female counterpart, in this episode. Producer Paul Jackson had seen her on Saturday Live and suggested her as a replacement for Lovett. This is also the only Red Dwarf episode that doesn't have its title come up at the beginning.Angela Bruce played Deb Lister, Suzanne Bertish played Arlene Rimmer and Matthew Devitt played the Dog. Reception The episode was originally broadcast on the British television channel BBC2 on 4 October 1988 in the 9:00 pm evening slot. The episode was considered the best from Series II according to a readers' poll in Red Dwarf magazine, with 5.6% rating. Series II was met with great critical success, even with average viewing figures of around 3 million, so a third series was very likely.The song "Tongue Tied", which features in the Cat's opening dream sequence, was received so well that it was later released as a single. It was re-arranged and re-recorded by Danny John Jules (under the name 'The Cat') and released in October 1993. It reached number 17 in the UK charts. A video to accompany the release which starred Danny John-Jules as some of his Red Dwarf alter-egos, including Duane Dibbley, was also produced. It was based around a storyline written by Danny John-Jules and featured music videos for some of the remixes, with guest appearances from the rest of the Red Dwarf cast, along with Clayton Mark ("Elvis" in "Meltdown") and Charles Augins (Queeg 500 in "Queeg"). Remastering The remastering of Series I to III was carried out during the late 1990s. Changes throughout the series included replacement of the opening credits, giving the picture a colour grade and filmising, computer generated special effects of Red Dwarf and many more visual and audio enhancements. Changes made specific to "Parallel Universe" include the addition of video and sound effects of Red Dwarf jumping into the parallel universe. The shots of the twin Red Dwarf ships side by side have been replaced with the new CGI versions. Video and sound effects of Red Dwarf jumping back into its own universe were added.

6224193930682989942

Q62669925

Oswald Wardell-Yerburgh Canon Oswald Pryor Wardell-Yerburgh (23 February 1858 – 14 November 1913), until 1889 known as Oswald Pryor Yerburgh, was a Church of England clergyman who held numerous offices.He added the Wardell name to his own when he married the heiress to a banking fortune. Life Wardell-Yerburgh was the sixth son of the Rev. Richard Yerburgh, Rector of High Bickington, Devon, and Vicar of Sleaford, Lincolnshire, by his marriage to Susan, one of the daughters of John Higgin, of Greenfield, Lancashire. His mother, a niece of William Higgin, Bishop of Derry and Raphoe, died in 1860, and he was brought up by his father, before being educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he graduated BA and MA.The young Yerburgh was Curate of St Peter's, Eaton Square, from 1881 to 1891, then Rector of Christ Church, St Marylebone, until 1899, and from 1895 to 1897 was Commissary for Charles Scott, Bishop of North China. In 1899 he resigned from Marylebone to accept the benefices of Vicar of Tewkesbury and Vicar of the neighbouring Walton Cardiff in Gloucestershire. He also quickly became Guardian of the Poor for Tewkesbury and a Surrogate for the Diocese of Gloucester, Rural Dean of Winchcomb, 1902–1907, an Honorary Canon of Gloucester Cathedral, from 1904, Rural Dean of Tewkesbury, from 1907, and for 1908-1909 was Gloucester's Proctor, or representative, in the Convocation of Canterbury. Outside the life of the church, he was also an Income Tax Commissioner for Gloucestershire and a Land Tax Commissioner.Wardell-Yerburgh edited Marriage Addresses and Marriage Hymns, published in 1900.He died in 1913, and an oak lobby was erected at Tewkesbury Abbey in his memory. Decorated with gothic motifs, it was designed by W. D. Caröe. Family Wardell-Yerburgh, who was the son and grandson of clergymen, had ten full brothers and sisters: Richard Eustre, Susan Edith, John Eardley, Robert Armstrong, Mary Florence, Edmond Rochfort, Rachel, Harry Beauchamp, Lucy Isabel, and Charlotte Elizabeth. By his father's second marriage in 1863 he had two half-sisters, Annie Constance and Mabel Stanley. In 1889, at St George's, Hanover Square, Oswald Yerburgh married Edith Wardell Potts, of Hoole Hall, heiress to a banking fortune, and combined their names the same year by assuming by Royal Licence the additional name of Wardell. The Wardell-Yerburghs had three children, Hilda (1890–1941), Arthur (1891–1953), who became an officer of the Royal Navy, and Geoffrey Basset (1893–1944). In 1938 Mrs Wardell-Yerburgh was living at Eastwood Manor, East Harptree. She died on 22 July 1941, aged 82, three months after the death of her daughter Hilda, who had choked to death on a fish-bone. Both had been living at Littlewood House, Frampton, Dorset.In 1923 Hilda married Hubert Reginald Ebbels, an executive of Blyth Brothers and Co., but she separated from her husband after he settled in Mauritius. The older son, Arthur, married firstly in 1921 Enid Till, daughter of John Till of Kemerton Court, and they had one child, John Gerald Oswald (born 1925), but they were divorced in 1931, after a failed fruit farming business. Secondly, Arthur married Marion G. Cooper later in 1931. With her, he had two children, Sarah (born and died 1933), and Richard (1935). The younger son, Geoffrey Basset Wardell-Yerburgh, in 1935 married Elizabeth Kenyon, daughter of G. L. T. Kenyon, a grandson of Lloyd Kenyon, 3rd Baron Kenyon, and was the father of Oswald Kenyon (1936) and Hugh Wardell-Yerburgh (1938–1970), an Olympic oarsman. After Eton, Oswald Kenyon became an officer in the 10th Royal Hussars, in 1960 married Daphne Anne Whitley, and is the father of Susan Elizabeth (1961) and Peter Geoffrey (1964). Arms Wardell-Yerburgh received a grant of arms, the crest of which is "a falcon close or, belled of the last, preying on a mallard proper."

8851159487725296100

Q5061594

Central Park (Burnaby) Trails and hiking The City of Burnaby recommends several circuitous routes. The 5-kilometre (3.1 mi) Terry Fox Trail circles around the upper pond and just reaches the lower pond. Visitors often use this trail for physical activity purposes and is annually used for the Terry Fox Run for the City of Burnaby. The 2.6-kilometre (1.6 mi) Trail of Hope also circles around the upper pond and reaches the lower pond while a 1.9 kilometer trail circles a portion of the parkland. Swangard stadium Swangard Stadium, former home of the Vancouver Whitecaps, and erected in 1961, is located at the north-west corner of the park. It regularly holds soccer and rugby games, alternative sporting events, concerts, and a variety of community events. The stadium is available for rental. Facilities The outdoor pool is on the west side of the park, and the fitness circuit and tennis courts are located to the south east side. The baseball diamond and lawn bowling facility sit on the north-east side, while the pitch and putt and golf course are sits on the south-east side. The horseshoe pitch, playground, and bowling green are on the north-east side of the park.Moving down to the south east side is a golf course and two tennis courts. On the west side of the park there is an expansive picnic area.The Earl and Jennie Lohn Perennial Garden, located on the north-east side of the park, is popular location of botanical interest. The Variety Park playground is a popular destination for families. Ecology Central park's large wooded areas are temperate rainforest, a remnant of Vancouver's original forest ecosystem. The park was logged in the 1890s, and huge stumps can still be seen. Notches in these stumps mark them as harvested by springboard logging techniques.Seedlings can be seen growing from these stumps. As these stumps decay they provide habitat and nutrients for the young plants, while protecting them from the acidic conditions on the forest floor.The park has two man-made lakes and a stream. Many phytoplankton and zooplankton live in these lakes, including Daphnia and Cyclops species. Animal life A variety of birds live in the park, attracted by the habitat and berry-producing shrubs. These include downy woodpeckers, towhees, American robins, sparrows, finches and crows. The park is home to Douglas squirrels and northern coyotes.Both lakes provide habitat for Canada geese, mallards, and other waterfowl. The upper lake is home to crawfish and minnows. The lower lake has schools of brown bullhead, a fish in the catfish order, which can sometimes be viewed from the bridge by the golf shop. Invasive animal species Invasive species in Central Park tend to be larger, more hardy and more aggressive in general than native species. On top of that, most of these invasive species do not have predators to keep their population down, which gives these species higher fitness than native species. Some common invasive animals include Eastern gray squirrel, American bull frog, European chafer beetle and European fire ants.In early 2012 a blotched snakehead was seen in YouTube videos of Central Park's lagoon. Because of the invasive and aggressive nature of the snakehead, scientists were called in, the lagoon was drained, and the fish was captured. There is no evidence it reproduced or spread its range, and so the snakehead had not spread to British Columbia. Plant life This second growth forest is dominated by Douglas fir, western hemlock, and western red cedar. Vine maple, spruce, birch and elderberry are present, and each have a significant share of the tree overstory. Salmonberry, thimbleberry, huckleberry and trailing blackberry provide edible fruit for humans and animals, and together with hollyhock make up the shrub understory. Sword and bracken ferns are also abundant. The native vine orangehoneysuckle can be found growing up tree trunks near Swangard Stadium. Invasive plant species Burnaby Central Park has a few invasive plant species that the city is working to remove. These plans were implemented in 2011 along the 2.5 kilometer trail as known as Trail of Hope and is primarily run by volunteers even to this day. Some of these invasive pant species that populate Central Park are English holly, English ivy, Butterfly-bush, Japanese knotweed, Policeman's helmet, and Periwinkle.Community organizations are part of an ongoing effort to reduce and eliminate invasive plant species. The Invasive Species Counsel of British Columbia has non-profit status, and spreads public awareness in addition to dealing with invasive plants directly.

16208658411293685826

Q2146228

Amaurosis fugax Signs and symptoms The experience of amaurosis fugax is classically described as a temporary loss of vision in one or both eyes that appears as a "black curtain coming down vertically into the field of vision in one eye;" however, this altitudinal visual loss is relatively uncommon. In one study, only 23.8 percent of patients with transient monocular vision loss experienced the classic "curtain" or "shade" descending over their vision. Other descriptions of this experience include a monocular blindness, dimming, fogging, or blurring. Total or sectorial vision loss typically lasts only a few seconds, but may last minutes or even hours. Duration depends on the cause of the vision loss. Obscured vision due to papilledema may last only seconds, while a severely atherosclerotic carotid artery may be associated with a duration of one to ten minutes. Certainly, additional symptoms may be present with the amaurosis fugax, and those findings will depend on the cause of the transient monocular vision loss. Cause Prior to 1990, amaurosis fugax could, "clinically, be divided into four identifiable symptom complexes, each with its underlying pathoetiology: embolic, hypoperfusion, angiospasm, and unknown". In 1990, the causes of amaurosis fugax were better refined by the Amaurosis Fugax Study Group, which has defined five distinct classes of transient monocular blindness based on their supposed cause: embolic, hemodynamic, ocular, neurologic, and idiopathic (or "no cause identified"). Concerning the pathology underlying these causes (except idiopathic), "some of the more frequent causes include atheromatous disease of the internal carotid or ophthalmic artery, vasospasm, optic neuropathies, giant cell arteritis, angle-closure glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, orbital compressive disease, a steal phenomenon, and blood hyperviscosity or hypercoagulability." Diagnosis Despite the temporary nature of the vision loss, those experiencing amaurosis fugax are usually advised to consult a physician immediately as it is a symptom that may herald serious vascular events, including stroke. Restated, “because of the brief interval between the transient event and a stroke or blindness from temporal arteritis, the workup for transient monocular blindness should be undertaken without delay.” If the patient has no history of giant cell arteritis, the probability of vision preservation is high; however, the chance of a stroke reaches that for a hemispheric TIA. Therefore, investigation of cardiac disease is justified.A diagnostic evaluation should begin with the patient's history, followed by a physical exam, with particular importance being paid to the ophthalmic examination with regards to signs of ocular ischemia. When investigating amaurosis fugax, an ophthalmologic consult is absolutely warranted if available. Several concomitant laboratory tests should also be ordered to investigate some of the more common, systemic causes listed above, including a complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, lipid panel, and blood glucose level. If a particular cause is suspected based on the history and physical, additional relevant labs should be ordered.If laboratory tests are abnormal, a systemic disease process is likely, and, if the ophthalmologic examination is abnormal, ocular disease is likely. However, in the event that both of these routes of investigation yield normal findings or an inadequate explanation, noninvasive duplex ultrasound studies are recommended to identify carotid artery disease. Most episodes of amaurosis fugax are the result of stenosis of the ipsilateral carotid artery. With that being the case, researchers investigated how best to evaluate these episodes of vision loss, and concluded that for patients ranging from 36–74 years old, "...carotid artery duplex scanning should be performed...as this investigation is more likely to provide useful information than an extensive cardiac screening (ECG, Holter 24-hour monitoring, and precordial echocardiography)." Additionally, concomitant head CT or MRI imaging is also recommended to investigate the presence of a “clinically silent cerebral embolism.”If the results of the ultrasound and intracranial imaging are normal, “renewed diagnostic efforts may be made,” during which fluorescein angiography is an appropriate consideration. However, carotid angiography is not advisable in the presence of a normal ultrasound and CT. Treatment If the diagnostic workup reveals a systemic disease process, directed therapies to treat that underlying cause should be initiated. If the amaurosis fugax is caused by an atherosclerotic lesion, aspirin is indicated, and a carotid endarterectomy considered based on the location and grade of the stenosis. Generally, if the carotid artery is still patent, the greater the stenosis, the greater the indication for endarterectomy. "Amaurosis fugax appears to be a particularly favorable indication for carotid endarterectomy. Left untreated, this event carries a high risk of stroke; after carotid endarterectomy, which has a low operative risk, there is a very low postoperative stroke rate." However, the rate of subsequent stroke after amaurosis is significantly less than after a hemispheric TIA, therefore there remains debate as to the precise indications for which a carotid endarterectomy should be performed. If the full diagnostic workup is completely normal, patient observation is recommended.

7140057011143845027

Q6209340

Joe Cutbirth Joe Cutbirth (born 1956) is an American scholar, journalist, and media critic, and was formerly assistant professor of communications at Manhattan College. He blogs about media and politics for The Huffington Post and was a recurring analyst for ABC News Now during the 2008 presidential primaries and general election. He has taught at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, New York University, the University of British Columbia Graduate School of Journalism and The New School. Formerly he was a statehouse reporter and political writer for the Fort Worth Star-Telegram and served as the communications director for the Texas Democratic Party coordinated campaign during the Clinton-Gore 1996 and Ann Richards 1994 reelection efforts. Scholarship Cutbirth's research examines the relationship between satire and journalism in American politics. He is working on his first book, Fake News, Real Politics: Jon Stewart and the New Political Press, an extension of the doctoral work he did at Columbia University under Todd Gitlin, James W. Carey and Herbert J. Gans.He has lectured on the topic and offered a course, Fake News, Politics and Popular Culture, (2004–07) at the New School and NYU. He expanded the course in 2010 to include the Anglo-Irish tradition of satire and the reciprocal comedic tradition between Canada and the United States. He renamed it Satire as News, and offered it as a graduate seminar at UBC.In explaining the course to Fox News in 2007 he said, "We examine what's gone wrong in the country, not in the relationship we have with politics, but in the relationship we have with mass media." When Radar Online in 2006 skewered Fake News as one of the top 10 "flimsiest classes" offered at an American university, Cutbirth told a reporter from the NYU student paper: "That's great news. It's not every day a slow white guy gets on a list with Tupac," referring to another course on Radar's list, The Textual Appeal of Tupac Shakur.The New York Times, The Globe and Mail, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, CTV, and Postmedia News all have cited him as an expert on fake news.Cutbirth has presented his work at meetings of the National Communication Association, the American Political Science Association, the Midwest Association of Public Opinion Research, the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication and at conferences at Georgetown University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Cutbirth paid homage to Carey in James Carey and the Columbia School, an essay he wrote and delivered as a representative of Carey’s Columbia students at Conversations & Communications: A Conference in Memory of James W. Carey. Politics and media criticism As a blogger for The Huffington Post, Cutbirth has supported and criticized President Barack Obama, for whom Cutbirth voted in both the 2008 New York primary and general election.In 2009 he chastised reporters traveling with Pope Benedict XVI for not pressing evidence when the Pope claimed condoms actually spread AIDS.Cutbirth called on John McCain to apologize to Obama for racist overtones in the 2008 campaign, and he criticized Texas Governor Rick Perry for "secessionist demagoguery" at the Texas Capitol. He also questioned the veracity of reporters who allow Perry to call health care reform "socialized medicine", and he argued that ESPN ethics in the case of Craig James and former Texas Tech football coach Mike Leach "stink".Other columns have offered commentary on media coverage of Sarah Palin, Harvey Milk, Caroline Kennedy and Pat Tillman.He made the switch from journalism to political operative and pundit in 1994, when Governor Ann Richards hired him to be spokesman for the Texas Democratic Party and effectively "go one-on-one with" Bush Spokeswoman Karen Hughes. Journalism Cutbirth spent more than a decade as a daily newspaper and wire service reporter, largely covering government and Texas politics.He began his career at The Wichita Falls Times. In his first year there he won the International Reading Association Print Media Award for Why Can’t Johnnie Read?, an investigative series on illiteracy in America. He also received the Texas Women’s Political Caucus Chrysalis Award for exposing the city’s long-term disregard of a federal court order to counter decades of discrimination in the hiring of women police officers.He worked briefly at the Morris News Service state capital bureau, where he covered Lloyd Bentsen’s 1988 vice presidential campaign until he was hired to cover state government and politics for the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. There he covered the Branch Davidian siege at Waco, Ann Richards’ successful 1990 gubernatorial bid, and the grand jury indictments on ethics charges of both Texas House Speaker Gib Lewis and U.S. Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison. His story on Hutchison's acquittal received top statewide honor for deadline reporting from the Dallas Press Club, and his work on Lewis and the ethics climate in the Texas Legislature received a statewide citation from the Associated Press.In 1992 he represented journalists from 10 Texas newspapers at the founding board meeting of the National Lesbian and Gay Journalists Association and served as the first chair of the Texas NLGJA chapter. He later was appointed to the board of NLGJA's Roy Aarons Education in Journalism Program.His work has also appeared in the San Francisco Chronicle, Northwestern Magazine, Education Daily, the Texas Observer, the Texas Triangle, Wichita Falls City Magazine and on DogCanyon.org. Personal Cutbirth was born in Wichita Falls, Texas, and graduated from S.H. Rider High School. He was an Eagle Scout and was state-ranked four times (in 14-and-under singles and doubles, and 16-and-under singles and doubles) by the Texas Tennis Association.As an undergraduate at the University of Texas, he was a member of Kappa Alpha Order, served on the student government, was on the editorial board of The Daily Texan and worked on the Cactus (yearbook) staff.Cutbirth holds a Ph.D. in communications from Columbia University, an M.A. in communication, culture and technology from Georgetown University, and a bachelor's degree in journalism from the University of Texas at Austin.He lists Richards, Milk and Bobby Kennedy as his heroes, and he describes himself as "a staunch disciple of the European Enlightenment; an unabashed fan of the University of Texas Longhorns football team; and an enthusiastic gourmand of Tex-Mex".

6312878180106933492

Q2231667

Hanley Falls, Minnesota History Hanley Falls was laid out in 1884 when the Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway was extended to that point. The city was named after a railroad official. A post office has been in operation at Hanley Falls since 1887. Hanley Falls was incorporated in 1892. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.25 square miles (0.65 km²), all of it land.The Yellow Medicine River flows through the city.Minnesota State Highway 23 serves as a main route in the community.Two railroad lines intersect on the northwest side of town; the question of whether the state of Minnesota could order installation of an interchange track between the two independent railroads led to a 1900 U.S. Supreme Court decision which affirmed that the state could indeed order the establishment of the "Hanley Falls Wye" for the public convenience, despite the railroads' opposition. 2010 census As of the census of 2010, there were 304 people, 107 households, and 74 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,216.0 inhabitants per square mile (469.5/km²). There were 120 housing units at an average density of 480.0 per square mile (185.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.8% White, 0.3% African American, 1.3% Native American, 1.3% Pacific Islander, 3.6% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 28.9% of the population.There were 107 households of which 45.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.1% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.8% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.84 and the average family size was 3.51.The median age in the city was 27.4 years. 36.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.7% were from 25 to 44; 21.6% were from 45 to 64; and 7.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 53.0% male and 47.0% female. 2000 census As of the census of 2000, there were 323 people, 115 households, and 83 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,223.0 people per square mile (479.7/km²). There were 123 housing units at an average density of 465.7 per square mile (182.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 79.88% White, 0.62% African American, 0.93% Native American, 15.17% from other races, and 3.41% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26.01% of the population.There were 115 households out of which 40.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.1% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.8% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.36.In the city, the population was spread out with 32.5% under the age of 18, 12.7% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 11.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 115.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.6 males.The median income for a household in the city was $31,667, and the median income for a family was $37,500. Males had a median income of $25,833 versus $19,583 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,248. About 17.1% of families and 16.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.3% of those under age 18 and 18.9% of those age 65 or over. Arts and culture Hanley Falls is home to Minnesota's Machinery Museum. MMM consists of five large buildings on a beautiful six-acre site. The complex houses the state's largest collection of agricultural equipment and exhibits, recalling a century of farm life in stories and artifacts. The museum is open May–September, 7 days a week.

7652032584420791524

Q1299293

'Til Death Premise ’Til Death centers on Eddie and Joy Stark, and their life, relationship and behavior after 23 years of marriage. The first two seasons often focus on the conflict between the Starks and their newlywed neighbors, Jeff and Steph Woodcock (Eddie Kaye Thomas and Kat Foster). The second season introduces a new character named Kenny Westchester (J. B. Smoove) who is Eddie's friend from the Big Brothers Organization.The third season focuses primarily on Eddie and Joy's relationship with Kenny after he moves in with them.The fourth and final season focuses on the Starks coping with life with their daughter Ally (Lindsey Broad, then Kate Micucci) and new son-in-law Doug (Timm Sharp), who live in a biodiesel-powered Airstream motorhome in the Starks' back yard. The series takes place in suburban Philadelphia in Cheltenham Township. History The first season of ’Til Death ran from September 7, 2006 to April 11, 2007 and contained 22 episodes. The series initially aired Thursdays at 8/7c alongside fellow freshman sitcom Happy Hour. In November, the series was given a full season order and then later paired with The War at Home. Beginning in March 2007, the show was given the coveted time slot directly following American Idol's results show, which led to an improvement in its ratings. In May, ’Til Death was renewed for a second season.The second season ran from September 2007 to May 2008 and consisted of 15 episodes, during which it aired on Wednesdays at 8:30 p.m. following a new comedy Back to You. Late in 2007, production was halted because of the 2007–2008 writers' strike; only 19 episodes were produced. The series went on hiatus beginning November 28, but returned with a new episode on a special night in March 2008 at 9:30 p.m. Then in April, ’Til Death moved again to Wednesdays at 8:00 p.m. leading into Back to You. In May, the series was given an 18-episode order for its third season, while comedy companion Back to You was canceled.The third season consisted of 22 episodes (four of which were produced during the second season) and initially ran from September to October 2008. During this brief run of seven episodes, ’Til Death aired Wednesdays at 9/8c alongside a new comedy Do Not Disturb. The ratings for both shows were low, and as a result, the network pulled the sitcom from its November schedule. Despite not airing all of season three and low ratings, ’Til Death was renewed for a fourth season in January 2009. Fox confirmed at its upfront presentation in May that the new season would air on Friday nights in the fall. The surprise renewal was attributed to a significant licensing discount offered to Fox by the production company of ’Til Death (Sony Pictures Television), because it needed one more season to make the program viable for syndication.The fourth and final season premiered in October 2009 at a new time, Fridays at 8:30/7:30c, following a new sitcom, Brothers, starring former NFL player Michael Strahan. This season is notable in that a large number of episodes produced for the third season, but previously unaired by Fox, were shown alongside new episodes produced for season four. Four new episodes of ’Til Death aired sequentially on Christmas Day from 8/7c until 10/9c. The schedule changed again, when ’Til Death moved to Sundays at 7/6c and 7:30/6:30c on January 31, 2010, with these first two episodes airing against Super Bowl XLIV. Eventually, it was paired for three episodes with the soon-to-be-canceled comedy Sons of Tucson. The fourth season finale aired on May 23, 2010, although three unaired episodes formerly consigned for season three were burned off in June. Two months prior, Fox finally canceled production of ’Til Death after years of below-average ratings. Syndication On July 26, 2011, it was announced that the show was picked up for syndication by affiliates and WGN America, which debuted the program on September 12, 2011. It was also announced on July 28, 2011 that Spike had picked up the show for syndication, which debuted on October 3, 2011. In June 2013, TV Land brought the show, but was removed later on. Since January 2018, Sony's GetTV airs reruns of the show.

12569753017426187592

Q1777602

Noilly Prat Noilly Prat ([nwa.ji pʁat]) is a brand of vermouth from France, owned by the Italian company Martini & Rossi. "White" Noilly Prat is the archetype of dry, straw-coloured French vermouth. Noilly Prat now makes Red and Ambre vermouths as well, introduced in the 1960s and 1980s, but they are less widely known. Noilly Prat Dry is 18% alcohol by volume. The Noilly Prat company is based in Marseillan, in the Hérault département of southern France, and is a subsidiary of Bacardi-Martini. Joseph Noilly, a herbalist, developed the first formula in 1813. History It has long been known that leaving wine in a barrel alters its characteristics. Wine that was transported long distances in barrels and exposed to the weather became darker in colour and fuller-flavoured. It was to mimic this natural process that Joseph Noilly, in 1813, designed a process that made France's first vermouth. In 1855, his son Louis Noilly and son-in-law Claudius Prat set up the company that became Noilly Prat, moving the business to Marseillan where it remains to this day. The brand was acquired by its Italian competitor Martini & Rossi in 1971, which was merged into the Bacardi-Martini family of brands in 1992. Manufacturing process The process used today is virtually unchanged since the 1850s. Noilly Prat is made exclusively from white grape varieties grown in the Marseillan area, principally Picpoul de Pinet and Clairette. These produce light, fruity wines which are matured in massive Canadian oak casks inside the original storerooms. The wine stays in these casks for 8 months, maturing and absorbing the flavour of the wood, before being transferred to smaller oak barrels which are taken outside and left for a year. Here they are exposed to the sun, wind, and low winter temperatures, while the wine is slowly changing. The result is a wine that is dry, full-bodied and amber coloured, similar to Madeira or Sherry. During the year outside, 6 to 8% of the volume is lost to evaporation, the "angels' share".Brought back inside and left to rest for a few months, the wines are then blended together into oak casks. A small quantity of Mistelle (grape juice and alcohol) is added to the wines in order to soften them, along with a dash of fruit essence to accentuate their flavour.In the oak casks, a process of maceration, supposedly unique to Noilly Prat, takes place over a period of three weeks. A blend of some twenty herbs and spices is added by hand every day. The exact mix of herbs and spices that goes into Noilly Prat is a closely guarded secret, but includes camomile, bitter orange peel, nutmeg, centaury (Yellow Gentian), coriander, and cloves. After a further six weeks, the finished product is ready for bottling and is shipped in tankers to Beaucaire, Gard, where it is bottled by Martini & Rossi. Cocktails Noilly Prat is often used in cocktails, the most common and well-known of which is probably the Martini, consisting of one part Noilly Prat to one or more parts gin or vodka, with a dash of orange bitters, twist of lemon, or olive garnish. Over the years, the American preference for "extra dry" martinis led to the switch from gin to vodka, and to drastically reducing the flavour and quantity of the vermouth employed. However, in 2009, the extra-dry Noilly recipe exported to the USA was replaced by the original dry formula used worldwide. The change in recipe was accompanied by a change in the bottle's design. Some recipes substituted a vermouth from Dolin instead of Noilly Prat for making martinis, which is said to be "every bit as good as, although not by any means identical to, the old Noilly".The Algonquin cocktail is named for the Algonquin Hotel, which is composed of rye whiskey, Noilly Prat and pineapple juice. Cooking with Noilly Prat Noilly Prat is widely used in cooking, and extensively used for sauces, especially to accompany fish. In his BBC TV series French Odyssey, Rick Stein described Noilly Prat as a "true flavour from the Languedoc" and said, "I've done lots of experiments with white wines for fish sauces and I've come to the conclusion that Noilly Prat is the best. The Provençal herbs and spices used to flavour Noilly Prat seem to add flavour to the reduction." Visits The Noilly Prat cellars are open to the public from March to November, for a small charge. Tour guides explain the whole process, and finish by giving visitors a taste of each of the three varieties of Noilly Prat produced. A major draw for visitors to the area, Noilly Prat attracts more than 80,000 tourists every year.

9746273660552687138

Q1926222

New Sharon, Iowa Geography New Sharon is located at 41°28′10″N 92°39′3″W (41.469314, -92.650838).According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.94 square miles (2.43 km²), all of it land. 2010 census As of the census of 2010, there were 1,293 people, 538 households, and 368 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,375.5 inhabitants per square mile (531.1/km²). There were 590 housing units at an average density of 627.7 per square mile (242.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 99.1% White, 0.4% Native American, and 0.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.3% of the population.There were 538 households of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.8% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.6% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.90.The median age in the city was 41.8 years. 25.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22% were from 25 to 44; 28.2% were from 45 to 64; and 18.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.5% male and 51.5% female. 2000 census As of the census of 2000, there were 1,301 people, 540 households, and 361 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,390.9 people per square mile (534.4/km²). There were 575 housing units at an average density of 614.7 per square mile (236.2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.92% White, 0.08% Native American, 0.54% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, and 0.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.69% of the population.There were 540 households out of which 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.9% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.1% were non-families. 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.87.In the city, the population was spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 24.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.3 males.The median income for a household in the city was $36,125, and the median income for a family was $42,829. Males had a median income of $33,125 versus $21,739 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,280. About 7.8% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.4% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those age 65 or over. Government New Sharon is governed by a Mayor-City Council form of government. The residents elect five at-large council members and one mayor. Each serving a four-year term. The current Mayor of New Sharon is Keri Lamberson. Education New Sharon is home to North Mahaska Community School District schools. North Mahaska Community School District is a rural school district serving nearly 600 students in grades Pre-K through 12th. Located adjacent to the schools is the North Mahaska Community School District Early Childhood education center which opened in 2009. This houses pre-school classes for 3 & 4 year olds as well as the Sunshine and Smiles Daycare Center.

9561548411917249695

Q6529539

Les Gorley Background Gorley was born in Great Broughton, Cumberland, England. International honours Gorley won caps for England while at Workington in 1977 against Wales, while at Widnes in 1981 against Wales (sub), and won caps for Great Britain while at Widnes in 1980 against New Zealand, and New Zealand (sub), in 1981 against France (2 matches), and in 1982 against Australia. County honours Gorley represented Cumbria. Challenge Cup Final appearances Les Gorley appeared in five Challenge Cup Finals with Widnes, he played left-second-row, i.e. number 11, in Widnes' 18–9 victory over Hull Kingston Rovers in the 1981 Challenge Cup Final during the 1980–81 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 2 May 1981, in front of a crowd of 92,496, played left-second-row in the 14-14 draw with Hull F.C. in the 1982 Challenge Cup Final during the 1981–82 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 1 May 1982, in front of a crowd of 92,147, played left-second-row in the 9-18 defeat by Hull F.C. in the 1982 Challenge Cup Final replay during the 1981–82 season at Elland Road, Leeds on Wednesday 19 May 1982, in front of a crowd of 41,171, and played left-second-row, i.e. number 11, in the 19–6 victory over Wigan in the 1984 Challenge Cup Final during the 1983–84 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 5 May 1984, in front of a crowd of 80,116. County Cup Final appearances Les Gorley played right-second-row, i.e. number 12, in Workington Town's 11-16 defeat by Widnes in the 1976 Lancashire County Cup Final during the 1976–77 season at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 30 October 1976, played left-second-row, i.e. number 11, in the 13-10 victory over Wigan in the 1977 Final during the 1977–78 season at Wilderspool Stadium, Warrington on Saturday 29 October 1977, played as an interchange/substitute, i.e. number 15, (replacing Loose forward William Pattinson) and scored a try in the 13-15 defeat by Widnes in the 1978 Lancashire County Cup Final during the 1978–79 season at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 7 October 1978, played left-second-row, i.e. number 11, in Widnes 11-0 victory over Workington Town in the 1979 Lancashire County Cup Final during the 1979–80 season at The Willows, Salford on Saturday 8 December 1979, and played left-second-row in the 3-8 defeat by Leigh in the 1981 Lancashire County Cup Final during the 1981–82 season at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 26 September 1981. John Player/John Player Special Trophy Final appearances Les Gorley played left-second-row, i.e. number 11, in Widnes' 0-6 defeat by Bradford Northern in the 1979–80 John Player Trophy Final during the 1979–80 season at Headingley Rugby Stadium, Leeds on Saturday 5 January 1980, and played left-second-row in the 10-18 defeat by Leeds in the 1983–84 John Player Special Trophy Final during the 1983–84 season at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 14 January 1984. Personal life Gorley is the elder brother of the rugby league footballer; Peter Gorley.

3062558350546553283

Q5698508

Hehuachi Park Hehuachi Park (Chinese: 荷花池公园; pinyin: Héhuāchí Gōngyuán; literally: "Lotus Pond Park") is a small park in Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, China. The park's centerpiece is the Hehuachi, or Lotus Pond.Hehuachi Park's history can be traced back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The park plays an important role in the daily life of Yangzhou people, providing a quiet environment for people's recreation. The park is open to visitors free of charge. Introduction Hehuachi Park is located at the southwestern corner of Yangzhou's historic center (formerly, the walled city). The park occupies an area of 11 ha, including 5 ha of water.Hehuachi is part of Yangzhou's intricate network of lakes and canals. The Erdaohe (二道河) Canal, running along the western edge of Yangzhou's old city, comes to the Hehua Pond from the north, connecting it with the Thin West Lake at the city's northwest. The short (300-meter long) Erdaogou (二道沟) Canal runs east from the Hehua Pond, linking it with the nearby old channel of the Grand Canal of China, which forms the old city's southern and eastern borders. It is possible to sail a small water craft from the Thin West Lake, via the Erdaohe, the Hehua Pond, and the Erdaogou into the Old Grand Canal.The park is a combination of modern style and the traditional style as a park in the city. It was regarded as the second rank garden of Jiangsu for the first batch. Its original names are Nanchi and Yanchi. Because there are many lotuses planted in the pond, then it was renamed as Hehuachi park. Hehuachi is one of the most eight famous scenic garden spots of Yangzhou. The scenes where the garden overlooks Inkslab Pool with Wenfeng tower on the other side, is titled of "Yanchi Ranhan". History The owner of the Garden brought in many precious rocks from lake Taihu in the past, some of those rocks were very big, and others were quite small. It is said that those rocks were the remains of the Huashi Gang of the Song dynasty. The owner placed those beautiful rocks together as man-made hills to decorate the Garden. With those rare artificial hills, the park took on a fantastic view.Additionally, the whole park were surrounded by different kinds of green trees. Inside the park, there were several flower houses built. A great variety of flowers were planted in those houses and they bloomed throughout the seasons. The whole park is filled with sweet fragrance . In spring, the rhododendron,the camellia and the jasmine were planted in the flower house; in summer, the broad-leaved epiphyllum, the lotus and the oleander, and so on, were planted in it; in autumn, the sweet-scented osmanthus and the chrysanthemum were cultivated in the flower rooms, besides the wintersweet and cypress which were cold-resistant were cultivated in winter. Inside the flower house were arranged small artificial hills, with a pool next to them, and springs would trickle down from the hills. It took on lively pictures. However, in the late Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty, the park has Ying garden and Jiufeng garden. After the war, it was badly destroyed. At the beginning of the 1990s, the main problems of Hehua pond park surroundings are "dirty, disorder, low and wet". Reconstruction In order to improve the environment, the city government decided to use the advantages of the Hehua pond's topography for the construction of the whole park. In 1981, the water park was being built at the north of Hehua pond, namely Hehuachi Park. A few years later, the classical styles of garden group, such as Yanchi Ranhan and Jiufeng Stone, together with the revetments of Hehua pond and outdoor swimming pool were finished. It looked like a half-bird.In 1997, the park was completely opened to the public. The reconstruction of park changed greatly to the southwest appearance of the city. The park has become an ideal place for leisure, entertainment and exercise site for people there.

12692895452191925273

Q6689864

Loutre River History The Loutre River is threaded through the area's history. It was the means of transportation and the trade route for Native Americans, early European and American settlers in early Montgomery Country.Historical evidence of human activities in and around the Loutre River date over 10,000 years. Loutre River travels through Graham Cave State Park in Montgomery County. Graham Cave is located in the hills directly above the river. When discovered, the cave helped rewrite history books. During archaeological excavation by the University of Missouri from 1949 to 1955, the cave yielded evidence of ancient Dalton and Archaic Period Native Americans. Within the cave was an ancient ceremonial location dating to 8000 B.C.E.Loutre Township comprises the southern portion of Montgomery County. The first Europeans to settle in the county were on Loutre Island perhaps as early as 1798, while the country was under control of Spain. The island was first discovered by French trappers and voyageurs.Loutre Lick was one of the earliest settlements in Montgomery County, settled between 1808 and 1810, and named because of its location near a salt lick at the river. It was also called Van Bibbers Lick, for Major Isaac Van Bibber, who migrated in 1800 from Kentucky to Missouri. Here he erected a hotel, some cabins, and stables. He tried unsuccessfully to operate a salt mill. Loutre Lick was succeeded by present-day Mineola, Missouri.Loutre Lick was probably the first mineral spring in Missouri to be developed as a kind of health resort. Here Daniel Boone and Thomas Hart Benton sought relief for their ailments. Benton bragged of the Loutre Lick spring in the halls of Congress, where Henry Clay referred to him as the "Senator from Missouri's Bethesda."Skirmishes took place between Indians and encroaching settlers. The Army established Fort Clemson on Loutre Island as a base of operations to protect American settlers. In March 1815, Captain Callaway and three soldiers (James McMillin, Parks Hutchings, Frank McDermid) were killed after pursuing Sauk and Fox Indians who had stolen horses from settlers. Captain Callaway, with Lieutenant Riggs and fourteen men left Fort Clemson, on Loutre Island, in pursuit of the Indians. While they first recaptured the horses about 12 miles away guarded mostly by squaws, the Army group was later fired upon by the Indian warriors. Captain Callaway's body was not found until several days after his death, when it was discovered by Benjamin Howell. His gun had been recovered several days before. Callaway and his three soldiers were buried where they had been killed. Headstones can be found at the burial site today on private property. They are in the middle of a sheep grazing field about 100 yards from the banks of the river and 300 yards from the Loutre River crossing of Mill Pond Road in rural Montgomery County.Around September 1, 1832 famed author Washington Irving visited Montgomery County on his way to the far west. He stayed about one day at Loutre Lick, where he wandered among the picturesque hills in the vicinity. To Major Van Bibber he said, "When I get rich I'm coming to this place and build a nice residence here."While most of the springs used commercially in the 1800s and early 1900s have since stopped flowing, several springs can still be found, especially along the banks of the river at Mineola. Isaac Van Bibber's house in Mineola has a continuous spring that flows year round through its original rock basement. It is believed many of the springs arose after the 1812 New Madrid earthquake.The Loutre Island area is commonly associated with the German-founded towns of Rhineland and Starkenburg, which has several historically significant Catholic churches and sites, including the Shrine of Our Lady of Sorrows, a church devoted to the Virgin Mary. These were originally German-language congregations, part of German settlement in the mid-19th century. The settlers came from Hermann, on the south side of the Missouri. They founded vineyards in this area as well.

7416805114711550303

Q6939752

Murton A.F.C. Club history Murton AFC was founded in 1891 as Murton Colliery Welfare. They moved to their current ground of Recreation Park from the Fatten Pasture ground in 1928. The club's only success while playing at Fatten Pasture was winning the 1921-22 Monkwearmouth Cup. In the first season at Recreation Park Murton won the Wearside League and the Monkwearmouth Cup. They again won the Monkwearmouth Cup in the 1934-35 and 1935-36 seasons. In the 1936-37 season Murton took the Wearside League championship again.After the war Murton joined the newly reformed North Eastern League but found it hard going with their best position being 13th out of 20 clubs. Murton rejoined the Wearside League for the 1951-52 season. Murton became Wearside League champions for a 3rd time in the 1959-60 season having in the previous season won the Wearside League Cup. In the same season that Murton became League champions they also won for the first time in their history the Ship Owners Cup.The 1960s saw Murton win the Monkwearmouth Cup in the 1963-64 season and the Ship Owners Cup in the 1969-70 season. In the 1970-71 season Murton emerged triumphant in three cup competitions winning the Wearside League Cup, the Monkwearmouth Cup and the Ship Owners Cup.During the 1970s and 80s Murton often undertook summer tours playing teams in Jersey, Spain, United States and Germany.Murton decided to seek pastures new in the late 80s and in the 1988-89 season Murton competed in the Northern League Division Two. In their first season Murton finished 11th out of 20 but the following season Murton became Second Division champions. In Murton's first season in the First Division they finished 13th out of 20 teams but in the second season Murton once again improved by finishing runner up on goal difference to Gretna. In the 1992-93 season Murton won the top cup competition in County Durham by winning the Durham Challenge Cup after beating Northern Premier League team Bishop Auckland.That was the last success Murton had, the money eventually ran out and Murton suffered relegation in 1997-98 having conceded 170 goals and scored only 20. A decision was made to resign the club from the league unless more committee members were prepared to come along and help. People did come on board and the club survived, then in the summer of 2000 a hole appeared in the pitch overnight. A collapsed culvert had caused water to erode the soil underneath the pitch causing part of the pitch to collapse in on itself. The pitch was eventually repaired thanks to a grant from the Football Foundation and Murton returned home in October 2001 after playing their home games at Peterlee Town and Kennek Ryhope Community Association (now known as Sunderland Ryhope Community Association).In 2004 the club was expelled from the Northern League as its facilities were deemed not up to standard. Murton joined the Northern Alliance Premier Division for the following season but were relegated in the 2005–06 season.On 11 April 2007 they played in their first cup final since winning the Durham Challenge Cup in the 1992–93 season. They took on Gillford Park from Carlisle and after conceding a late first half goal lost the final 1-0.On 21 April 2008 Murton won the Durham FA Trophy for the first time in their history defeating Whitehill Welfare of the Durham Alliance 3-1. This was also their debut in the competition, previously competing the Durham FA Challenge Cup. They subsequently gained promotion to the Premier Division finishing as runners up in the First Division.The 2008–09 season saw the club struggle again in the Premier Division and towards the end of the season, manager Brian Maxwell resigned. He was replaced by senior players Andrew Upperton and Stephen Turner who were at the time joint managers of Murton Victoria in the Peterlee & District Sunday League. Relegation was avoided by virtue of the decision by the Northern Alliance committee to only relegate the bottom team, Peterlee Town .Early in the 2011–12 season manager Brian Maxwell and assistant Paul Carter resigned and Andrew Upperton took over as caretaker manager with Stephen Bridge as assistant. In late September Murton appointed former player Lee Beeston as their new manager. Murton finished the season bottom of the table with 17 points and effectively relegated. However they had earlier in the season submitted their resignation and applied to become members of the Wearside League. Manager Lee Beeston was subsequently dismissed from his post and a new manager was advertised for. Following the AGM Murton's application was unsuccessful and they were without a league for 2012–13. The club was later accepted into the Durham Alliance. They appointed a new management team in Andy Colledge and Don Naylor.In season 2015/2016 the club were reelected to the Wearside League under the new Manager of John Davison. Team Secretary Callum Milne and long serving Chairman Tom Torrence.

11137696993457049430

Q2820078

Aaron Miles Houston Astros Miles was originally drafted by the Houston Astros in the 19th round of the 1995 amateur draft. He played in the Astros minor league system through 2000, making it as high as Class-A+ with the Kissimmee Cobras in 2000, where he hit .292 in 75 games. He was a member of the Midwest League All-Star team in 1999. Chicago White Sox He was selected by the Chicago White Sox in the minor league portion of the Rule V Draft in 2000. He played with the Double-A Birmingham Barons in 2001-2002. In 2002, he was the Most Valuable Player of the Double-A Southern League while hitting .322 for the Barons. He was promoted to Triple-A with the Charlotte Knights in 2003 and was the International League Rookie of the Year. He made his Major League debut on September 11, 2003 against the Minnesota Twins as a pinch hitter and recorded his first hit on September 18, also against Minnesota. In eight games with the White Sox, he had four hits (including three doubles) in 12 at-bats. Colorado Rockies Miles was traded to the Colorado Rockies on December 2, 2003 for Juan Uribe. He appeared in 134 games with the Rockies and finished fourth in the voting for the 2004 National League Rookie of the Year, while hitting .293 in 134 games. St. Louis Cardinals Miles was traded by the Rockies to the St. Louis Cardinals on December 7, 2005 (with Larry Bigbie) for Ray King.He won a World Series with the Cardinals in 2006.On August 4, Miles threw a perfect 8th inning in a 12–1 loss to the Washington Nationals. Of Miles' nine pitches, six were for strikes. It was the first time he had pitched since he was 14 years old. Miles pitched during the game when Cardinals' manager Tony La Russa asked his pitching coach, Dave Duncan, "Who's our shortest reliever?" The tongue-in-cheek answer was Miles, at 5' 8". His pitching career took a turn for the worse later that season. On September 20, he pitched the 9th inning against the Houston Astros and was touched for three hits, including a two-run home run by J. R. Towles. It was Towles' first career major league home run. On June 13, 2008, Miles would make his third pitching appearance, this time against the Philadelphia Phillies. With the Phillies leading, 20–2, Miles came in to finish off the game with a perfect 9th inning while striking out Jimmy Rollins.On August 31, a foul ball hit by Miles struck teammate Juan Encarnación in the face while he was in the on-deck circle, and effectively ended Encarnación's career. Encarnación suffered multiple fractures to his left eye socket and an injury to his left eye and missed the remainder of the 2007 season. The injury was regarded by the Cardinals' head team physician, Dr. George Paletta, to be the worst injury he'd ever seen to the face on a baseball player. Paletta said the eye socket was essentially crushed on impact, comparing the injured area to the disintegration of an egg shell or ice cream cone, and that the optic nerve had sustained severe trauma. Paletta also said the eyeball had not been ruptured.Miles re-signed with the Cardinals for a one-year deal on January 4, 2008, after a non-tender and short free-agency status in December 2007.On July 20, 2008, Miles got his first walk-off hit, a one-out grand slam to beat the San Diego Padres, 9–5. Chicago Cubs On December 31, 2008, Miles signed a two-year deal with the Chicago Cubs. He was the primary backup infielder to second baseman Mike Fontenot, shortstop Ryan Theriot and third baseman Aramis Ramírez, after losing the starting job at second to Fontenot during Spring Training. Oakland/Cincinnati/St. Louis On December 3, 2009, Miles was traded along with Jake Fox to the Oakland Athletics for Jeff Gray and two minor league prospects. On February 1, 2010, he was again traded along with a player to be named later to the Cincinnati Reds for Willy Taveras and Adam Rosales. He was released on April 14, after being designated for assignment at the end of spring training.On April 27, 2010, Miles signed a minor league deal to return to the Cardinals. After a brief AAA stop, he rejoined the major league roster. Los Angeles Dodgers On February 7, 2011, Miles signed a minor league deal with the Los Angeles Dodgers with an invitation to spring training. He made the opening day roster. He had his first home run as a Dodger and first in over 530 at-bats [over two years] vs Minnesota Twins starter Brian Duensing at Target Field on June 28, 2011. Miles played in 136 games with the Dodgers, the most of his career, primarily due to injuries to Juan Uribe and Casey Blake. He hit .275 with 17 doubles. After not signing with any team for 2012, he re-signed with the Dodgers on a minor league contract on May 11. He played in 18 games with the AAA Albuquerque Isotopes, hitting .235.Miles announced his retirement on June 13, 2012. Coaching For the 2014 season, he was hired as the bench coach for the new Pittsburg Mettle franchise of the Pacific Association of Professional Baseball Clubs. Personal life He is a graduate of Antioch High School, in Antioch, California. He lives in Antioch, California with his wife Lauren, and four children Nicole, Jackson, Donovan, and Stella.In spring training of 2000, several of his teammates from the Houston Astros organization were in their hotel when two gunmen burst into their room. Miles was in the next room and the gunmen took him hostage. The police arrived before the gunmen were able to take him to their getaway car, but one gunman fled the scene. The other forced Miles back into his room where he ended up wrestling the gunman to the ground. The police entered the room and shot the gunman while Miles held him to the floor. The gunman survived his wounds, and his accomplice was later captured.In 2004 his girlfriend Jenny was featured in a bit performed by Kevin Meaney called "Catchers & Pitchers" on his CD "That's Not Right!" where she discusses why she is at a comedy club while her husband Aaron is off playing baseball.

15520558349931601286

Q712368

Tony Meehan Biography Tony Meehan was born to Irish parents at New End Hospital, New End, Hampstead, North London, England. He was 10 when he became interested in playing drums. By 13, he had his first job with a band playing in a dance hall at Willesden, London. He also played timpani with the London Youth Orchestra. When he was 15, Meehan was set on becoming a lawyer but he was offered a job at £25 per week in a touring show. He was given six months' holiday. The tour never materialised but he did not go back to school. Unlike other members of the Shadows he was never short of work, playing cabaret at Churchill's and the Stork Club. He also played with Jet Harris in "The Vipers".Meehan left the Shadows in October 1961 to work as an arranger/producer and session drummer for Joe Meek (John Leyton, Michael Cox: "Young Only Once", Andy Cavell) and from early 1962 at Decca Records. He teamed again with Harris (who had also left the Shadows and moved to Decca) and as a duo had success with the instrumental "Diamonds" which also included Jimmy Page on acoustic rhythm guitar. "Diamonds" was a number one hit in the UK. Harris and Meehan had two further hit singles together – "Scarlett O'Hara" and "Applejack".On 1 January 1962, the Beatles were auditioned at Decca by Meehan, performing a selection of covers they had performed in various clubs over the years, interspersed with three Lennon–McCartney originals. The Beatles later found out that their manager Brian Epstein had paid Meehan to produce the recordings made that day in order for the Beatles to retain ownership of the tapes. Decca rejected the Beatles choosing the Tremeloes, who auditioned the same day as the Beatles. After talks with Epstein, Decca did arrange for Tony Meehan to produce the Beatles at Decca if the Beatles manager agreed to cover the expenses of about £100. On 7 February 1962 Brian Epstein met Meehan. Meehan expressed condescending comments about the Beatles’ audition with the meeting not going very well and Epstein not impressed with Meehan. Brian Epstein rejected the Decca offer.Meehan briefly played with the Shadows some years later when Brian Bennett was in hospital. At one point, John Rostill was in hospital at the same time, and the Shadows were playing live with Brian Locking on bass and Meehan on drums.Meehan quit the music industry in the 1990s for a major career change as a psychologist, as a result of a lifelong hobby/interest. He worked in London at a local college lecturing in psychology until his death. He was a regular churchgoer at his local Roman Catholic church in Maida Vale. Death On 29 November 2005, BBC News quoted Bruce Welch as saying that Meehan had died the previous day, as a result of head injuries, following a fall down the main staircase at his London flat in Maida Vale. Meehan died at St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London."As the drummer with the Shadows, Tony Meehan helped to lay the foundations for British rock’n’roll, both backing Cliff Richard and on a long string of instrumental hits recorded under the group's own name. John Lennon once claimed that before Cliff and the Shadows, there had been nothing worth listening to in British music. As the first backing band to emerge as stars in their own right, they were early trailblazers for the beat-group boom that eclipsed them." – Shadows drummer who became an A&R man for Decca – The Times (Obituaries), 30 November 2005.At his death, Meehan had been twice married and had seven children.

11780165626409487208

Q7181758

Phil Cantillon Playing career Cantillon signed for his hometown club Wigan in 1992 and represented Great Britain Academy from 1992–95, captaining the international team on the Australian tour in 1994 and playing in the end of year Premiership cup finals at Old Trafford in 1994 and 1995.With the launch of Super League in 1995 and the move from winter to summer sport, Great Britain coach Phil Larder signed Cantillon for the then star studded Keighley Cougars – becoming an immediate star with his no nonsense style and try scoring ability. He scored a hat trick on his début against Wakefield, gaining star status and quickly gaining full international honours by the end of the year.Cantillon went on to play for England in the 1996 Super League World Nines in Fiji under Phil Larder eventually losing to Australia and scored a memorable full-length solo try in the 1996 Premiership Final at Old Trafford before moving to Leeds two years later, losing to Wigan in the Inaugural Super League Grand Final in 1998. He then signed for Widnes Vikings for the start of the 1999 season.The hooker and utility star became a firm favourite of the fans with cult figure status gained with spectator chants of "Oh ah Cantillon" in place at grounds everywhere. His electrifying burst of speed, leadership and superb balance served him well during a long and illustrious career, which saw him successfully captain Ireland Rugby League and break many try scoring records including world records, at club and international level. In doing so, Cantillon is recognised has an iconic and greatest try scoring forward to have ever played the game. He also scored one of fastest tries in the history of the game in 2000, scoring after a staggering 18 seconds of play. He was named in the top five best hookers in the world during 1999–2004.He was credited for the evolution of the modern day hooker role during the nineties and noughties through his captaincy,support play, evasive running, try scoring ability and defensive qualities.Cantillon played for Widnes where he ran up a remarkable tally of 117 tries in five years, playing over 100 consecutive games. Cantillon took out the Tom Bergin Trophy as man of the match in the 2001 Grand Final victory following another world class performance. Cantillon is placed ninth in the all-time list of club try scorers which features many legends from the Widnes cup kings and world champions era of dominance, with the highest ever for a forward. Cantillon was also selected for England for the World Sevens in Australia in 2003, taking them to the final loss against the Parramatta Eels with two tries in a man of the match performance in both the semi-final against Manly and France in the quarter finals.During his five seasons at Widnes, Cantillon broke many try scoring records including a world record for most tries in a season with 48 in 2001 surpassing the legendary and iconic Great Britain captain Ellery Hanley in doing so. Cantillon also holds the world record for most tries in a match with seven, racking up a total of 117 tries from 159 appearances placing him in the top ten all time try scorers for Widnes. Cantillon's try scoring exploits catapulted Widnes back into Super League where they narrowly missed out on the top five. Cantillon broke the world record in 2000 for most tries by a hooker with 30, before yet another try scoring world record breaking season in 2001, where he displayed exceptional leadership and durability in leading the Vikings to success. After several years away, Cantillon returned to Wigan in July 2002 in the runup to the Super League playoffs.Cantillon was named captain of the Ireland national rugby league team in 2003, qualifying for under the grandparent rule after firstly representing England. Ireland enjoyed an outstanding European Nations tournament, finally losing to France in Dublin, with firstly an away win versus Scotland in which Cantillon scored his first try for Ireland.Cantillon led Ireland to the European Nations Final against England in 2004 scoring a record four tries in a semi-final win against Scotland and to impressive World Cup qualifying wins against Russia and Lebanon in 2005 and 2006, ensuring they booked their place for the 2008 World Cup in Australia, signing of his performances by holding the record for number of tries scored by any player for Ireland R.L with ten and most tries in a match with four, taking them to be ranked 2nd best international team in Europe.Cantillon retired from professional Rugby League as a record breaking dual international in 2007 after making over 400 appearances spanning a 16-season professional career, scoring over 250 tries with successful spells at Wigan, Keighley Cougars, Leeds Rhinos, Widnes Vikings, Halifax, Rochdale Hornets and finally a player coach role at the now defunct Blackpool. Cantillon went on to play in 2011 with other Rugby League legends from over the past years in an effort to raise money for charity with Great Britain All Stars.Whilst still playing professionally in the early 2000s, and following his retirement, Cantillon was successfully appointed in a number of general manager positions in the commercial, not for profit and local government sector.

10119131600046130880

Q5772352

Clear (The Walking Dead) Plot Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln), his son Carl (Chandler Riggs), and Michonne (Danai Gurira) go on a scouting run to retrieve weapons in preparation for an impending attack by The Governor. Carl privately expresses his reservations about the trustworthiness of Michonne. Along the way, the group passes a lone hitchhiker (Russ Comegys) and ignore his pleas to stop.Rick drives them to his hometown, and finds that the sheriff's station has been cleared out of weapons. Knowing he gave out several gun permits to local businesses, they go to the town's center but find it booby trapped. A masked gunman from a roof demands they drop their weapons, but this leads to a gunfight. Carl shoots the gunman's ballistic vest, knocking him unconscious. They find he is Morgan Jones (Lennie James), the first person Rick met after waking from a coma following the apocalypse. They take Morgan to his apartment, finding a large stash of guns and ammo. Rick sees a drawn map of the town created by Morgan, learning that his neighborhood has been "burned out".Rick wants to stay until Morgan wakes, while Carl offers to search for supplies including a crib for his infant sister Judith. Rick agrees, but insists Michonne come along with him. Carl walks past a baby store to Michonne's confusion, and enters a café. He takes a picture off the wall of his family, as a way to show Judith what her mother looked like. However, they arouse some walkers within the cafe. Michonne pulls Carl out but he drops the picture. Michonne returns inside, dispatches several of the walkers, and obtains the picture, as a well as a papier-mâché cat sculpture as a gift for Judith, and reunites with Carl safely outside. They return to the baby store to obtain the crib and other supplies.Meanwhile, Morgan wakes up, and instinctively tries to stab at Rick before Rick calms him down. They both apologize for failing to keep in contact by walkie-talkie after Rick left. Morgan sadly mourns the loss of his son, Duane, when he was bitten by Morgan's undead wife, which he could not come to dispatch in time. Since then, he has found a purpose by keeping the town center and nearby buildings clear of walkers. Rick insists he come with them to the prison, but Morgan refuses, not wanting to watch everyone die. He does allow Rick to take some of his weapons.Carl and Michonne return, and Carl apologizes to Morgan for shooting him, but Morgan tells him to never be sorry. Rick, Carl, and Michonne gather the offered weapons and depart. As they return to the vehicle, Carl confides to Rick that Michonne "may be one of us". Michonne later talks to Rick, informing him that she saw him talking with his dead wife, but admits she also used to have similar episodes in talking to her dead boyfriend. As they drive back, they pass the corpse of the hitchhiker they had passed earlier. They stop the car only to collect his backpack, and then drive on. Production "Clear" was directed by Tricia Brock, marking her first directing credit for the series. It was written by supervising producer Scott M. Gimple, marking his fifth writing credit for the series after joining the writing staff in season two. Gimple's appointment to succeed Glen Mazzara as showrunner for season four was announced in February 2013."Clear" fits at least part of the definition of a "bottle episode", that is an episode with few regular cast members that takes place in a small number of locations. Critical response "Clear" was lauded by television critics, with many claiming it to be one of the best episodes of the series. Zack Handlen of The A.V. Club called it "the best episode of season three so far and possibly the best since the pilot" and later went on to say, "the hour has focus, and focus is a wonderful, wonderful thing." Handlen gave the episode an "A" grade. Eric Goldman of IGN also lauded the episode, calling it "a focused, highly emotional episode"; "took Rick, Carl and Michonne back to the beginning - and into one of the best episodes yet." Goldman also applauded the character development of Michonne, saying, "It was a big relief to see Michonne come off so much better this week than she has since her introduction". Goldman gave the episode a score of 9.6 out of 10. Eric Kain of Forbes said, "Sunday night's episode brought all the show's magic back—and what tense, creepy magic it is." Ratings The original broadcast, on March 3, 2013, was watched by an estimated 11.296 million viewers, an increase in viewership from the previous two episodes.

10590326561388046492

Q221882

Newell's Old Boys Origins Club Atlético Newell's Old Boys was established on 3 November 1903. Claudio Newell was one of the founding members. Newell called teachers, pupils and alumni of the school to sign the act of foundation of the club. The name chosen paid tribute to Isaac Newell's life. The first president was Víctor Heitz.The name "old boys" is referred to graduates of a school. Therefore, "Newell’s Old Boys" would mean "Graduates of Newell's school" or something similar. In fact, the players of the first football team were graduates of the school Isaac Newell had established, the Colegio Comercial Anglicano Argentino.The colours of the club were taken from the Colegio Comercial Anglicano Argentino emblem (designed by Isaac Newell himself) that were red and black inspired in the colours of the English and German flags respectively.Newell's Old Boys is often referred to as "leprosos" ("lepers"). The club got its nickname, the lepers, after playing in a charity match for a leprosy clinic in the 1920s. Liga Rosarina (1905–1930) On 30 March 1905, the Liga Rosarina de Football (Rosarian Football League) was established, since a proposal of Newell's president Heitz, who invited representatives of Rosario Athletic, Rosario Central and Atlético Argentino for that purpose. The main objective was to organise a championship, so a trophy was donated by the intendant of Rosario, Santiago Pinasco. The trophy was later named in his honour. Newell's was the winner of the first edition, having won eight games and finishing unbeaten. The team also scored 39 goals, conceding just 4.Previously, the historic first Rosarino derby had been held. Newell's won 1–0 with a goal scored by Faustino González. The next year Newell's won its second championship.In 1907, the Liga Rosarina established a second division. The Copa Santiago Pinasco tournament moved to that division and "Copa Nicasio Vila" (named in honour of then mayor of Rosario) was created to be played by the first division teams. Newell's won the first edition of this trophy, which they won a total 9 times between 1907 and 1930.The Copa de Honor Municipalidad de Buenos Aires allowed teams from Buenos Aires and Rosario to take part in the competition. Newell's won the 1911 edition defeating Porteño 3–2 at the final. Other trophy were teams of both cities played together was the Copa Dr. Carlos Ibarguren, won by Newell's in 1921, defeating Huracán by 3–0. The arrival to Primera División In 1939, Newell's asked Argentine Football Association to play the Primera División championship. The AFA accepted the request so Newell's played its first tournament in 1939, along with Rosario Central which was also added to the competition. Despite playing in the national tournaments, Newell's continued participating in the regional leagues of Rosario, but with youth amateur players. Newell's debuted in the AFA tournaments on 19 March 1939, defeating San Lorenzo by 2–1. The line-up was: Heredia; Gilli, Soneyro; Sisniega, Perucca, Reynoso; Belén, Fabrini, Gómez, Franco, Sánchez. National titles Newell's Old Boys have won the Primera División championship six times (1974 Metropolitano, 1987–88, 1990–91, 1992 Clausura, Apertura 2004 and 2013 Final) and were the runners-up of the Copa Libertadores de América twice (1988 and 1992). The 1990–91 championship was contested between the 1990 Apertura (Newell's) and 1991 Clausura (Boca Juniors) champions, which Newell's won in home-and-away matches. Even though the 1990 Apertura was not considered official by itself, it is considered by Newell's supporters to be their "seventh" championship.Newell's also won a friendly youth mini-tournament called the Little World Cup in 1988, against River Plate, Milan, Juventus, Real Madrid and Manchester United, and is, together with Boca Juniors, San Lorenzo and Racing Club one of the few Argentine clubs that made a long and successful tour in Europe (in 1949), in which they defeated several important teams such as Valencia, Borussia Mönchengladbach, Real Madrid and the Spanish National "A" Team. These are the only major international achievements of the club until now (although several minor international summer tournaments were won, with the 1943 Copa de Oro Rioplatense standing up). So far the club has not won an official international championship.Newell's Old Boys is one of a very few teams to have had all their players represent the national team in a single game, when they represented Argentina in a Pre-Olympic Tournament with their undefeated reserve team. It finished third in America, after Brazil and Uruguay.The team has also contributed a great number of players to the Argentina national team, and exported many players to Europe's top leagues, mostly to Italy and Spain. Among its great players were Gabriel Batistuta, Abel Balbo, Jorge Valdano, Américo Gallego, Mario Zanabria, Gustavo Dezotti, Roberto Sensini, Walter Samuel, Mauricio Pochettino, René Pontoni, Gerardo Martino, Ángel Perucca and several more. It has recently produced Argentine internationals Gabriel Heinze, Maxi Rodríguez and Lionel Messi.The club's president is Eduardo Bermúdez who was elected during 2016. Stadium The Newell's Old Boys stadium has been in the Parque Independencia neighborhood of Rosario since 1911, and is commonly called El Coloso del Parque (the Colossus of the Independence Park). The capacity was increased from 31,000 to 42,000 in 1997. On 22 December 2009 the stadium was renamed after Marcelo Bielsa, in honour of the former player and coach of the team.

7850409136974468736

Q117704

Benedictine Confederation The Benedictine Confederation of the Order of Saint Benedict (Latin: Confœderatio Benedictina Ordinis Sancti Benedicti) is the international governing body of the Order of Saint Benedict. Origin The Benedictine Confederation is a union of monastic congregations that nevertheless retain their own autonomy, established by Pope Leo XIII in his brief "Summum semper" (12 July 1893), subsequently approved by his successors. Pope Pius XII explicitly ordered this union to be regulated by a "Lex Propria", which was later revised after the Second Vatican Council. Organization of the Benedictine Confederation Most Benedictine houses are loosely affiliated in 20 national or supra-national congregations. Each of these congregations elects its own Abbot President. These presidents meet annually in the Synod of Presidents. Additionally, there is a meeting every four years of the Congress of Abbots, which is made up of all abbots and conventual priors, both of monasteries that are members of congregations, as well as of those unaffiliated with any particular congregation. The Congress of Abbots elects the Abbot Primate, who serves a four-year term as the Confederation's representative and administrative head, although without direct jurisdiction over the individual Congregations.The Confederation has its headquarters at Sant'Anselmo in Rome, which is the seat of the Abbot Primate and hosts the quadrennial Congress of Abbots. Sant'Anselmo is also home to the Benedictine Pontifical Athenaeum.Communities of Benedictine nuns and Religious Sisters are joined in 61 congregations and federations that are associated with the Confederation, although they do not have full membership. In November 2001 after a consultation process with all monasteries of Benedictine women around the world, it was decided to use the name Communio Internationalis Benedictinarum (CIB) to designate all communities of Benedictine women recognized by the Abbot Primate as such and listed in the Catalogus Monasteriorum O.S.B.The first attempt to group Benedictine monasteries into national Congregations was at the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215. Only the English Benedictine Congregation survives from this early attempt at centralisation, and in historical reality even this Congregation is a 17th-century foundation although it was given juridical continuity with the medieval English Congregation by the Papal Bull "Plantata" of 1633. Primacy of honour is given to the Subiaco Cassinese Congregation, since this Congregation includes the Abbey of Monte Cassino, where St Benedict wrote his Rule and was buried (although Fleury Abbey also claims to house the remains of the founder). Founded in 1872, the Congregation has its origin in the Congregation of the Abbey of Santa Giustina, founded in Padua in 1408 by Dom Ludovico Barbo.The Benedictines suffered badly in the anti-clerical atmosphere at the time of Napoleon and the modern Congregations were mostly founded in the 19th century when monasticism was revived. The majority are essentially national groupings, although the Subiaco Congregation (originally the Cassinese Congregation of the Primitive Observance) has from the first been truly international because of its interest in foreign mission.Since the time of the Reformation, there have been independent Benedictine communities in the Protestant (especially Anglican) traditions which maintain official friendly relations with the Benedictine Confederation, although they are not formally linked with it or its congregations.Throughout the Benedictine confederation and its subdivisions, independence and autonomy among communities are uniquely valued; too highly for Pope Pius XI, who complained that the largely nominal confederation was "an order without order". The basic unit has always been the individual abbey, rather than the Congregation. This explains why some houses (e.g. Monte Cassino, Subiaco, Saint Paul-outside-the-Walls (Rome), Montserrat and Pannonhalma) have unbroken histories of more than a thousand years while the Congregations to which they belong are more recent.This balance between autonomy and belonging is one of the distinguishing features of the Benedictine Confederation, and brings with it both strengths and weaknesses. One immediate consequence is that there is often great diversity of observance even between houses of the same Congregation: in liturgy, timetable, pastoral involvement and habit.

15650628264378612530

Q17146469

Bonnie Strauss Bonnie Strauss is an award-winning broadcast journalist and documentary filmmaker. Career Her career began in Philadelphia in 1973 when she was asked by Marciarose Shestack, the host of NBC’s Noon News to be a guest on her show. A self-taught cook who later trained at Le Cordon Bleu and working for Chef Paul Boucouse, Strauss was asked to share recipes on-air. After regular appearances on Shestack's show and the Edie Huggins Morning Show on WCAU TV (CBS Affiliate), Strauss put away her apron and began studying journalism.In 1975, Strauss began doing consumer reports broadcasts on WCAU radio, where she became in 1976 as the news anchor for the WCAU Radio Overnight Weekend News.In 1978, Strauss began reporting at WPVI-TV (an ABC affiliate) in Philadelphia. Her first investigative series, Behind Locked Doors, a multi-part examination of patient abuse at Pennhurst State School, received a Special Recognition Award for Investigative Journalism from the Associated Press in 1979. Strauss’s work contributed to new legislation in Pennsylvania that made it illegal to keep mental patients “locked up” in their rooms.In 1979, Strauss moved to Los Angeles and worked as a general assignment reporter for KNXT TV, currently known as KCBS-TV. Strauss won an Emmy in 1981 for her Breaking News coverage of the kidnapping and murder of Ronnie Tolleson, a 10-year-old from West Covina, California. Her six-month investigation into police brutality in Signal Hill, California, resulted in her winning the coveted Alfred I. duPont Award in journalism for KNXT in 1982, as well as the Radio and TV News Director’s First Place Western Region Award for Best Continuing Coverage of a story. The series led to dramatic changes in the Signal Hill Police Department.Strauss became co-host and reporter of the nationally syndicated television and Emmy award-winning show Hour Magazine in 1983 where she worked for three years. She joined ABC's Good Morning America in 1986 as a contributing correspondent.Also in 1986, Strauss co-directed and produced her first documentary, The Women of Papua New Guinea: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow which explored women and tribal customs in Papua New Guinea. It won a CINE Golden Eagle Award in 1987.Strauss became a correspondent for ABC's National News Division in 1987, reporting for both World News Tonight and Nightline with Ted Koppel. In 1990. Av Westin, the head of 20/20 left ABC News and offered Strauss a job reporting on a revamped Inside Edition. Strauss explored stories in Russia, where she reported on the Russian mafia, in Cuba, where she did a hidden camera report on child prostitution, and Los Angeles, covering the South Central Riots.In 2001, Strauss co-produced and directed Dwarfs, not a Fairy Tale which was shown on HBO and was nominated for an Emmy for Outstanding Non-Fiction Primetime Special.Concerned about the conditions of the working poor in America, Strauss produced and directed in 2004 No Place Like Home, a documentary for MSNBC which received a Casey Medal for Meritorious Journalism, as well as a Front Page Award from the Newswomen's Club of New York.In 2005, Strauss produced Rikers High, a documentary which explored how poverty impacted incarcerated youths at Rikers Island in New York. It also focused on the dedicated teachers working to rescue affected children before they returned to the streets. It won the New York Loves Film Best Documentary Feature Award at the 2005 Tribeca Film Festival.In 2012, Strauss was named a Beatrice Stern Media Award Honoree by the Didi Hirsch Mental Health Services organization.Strauss is married to Dr. Roger Gould a psychiatrist and author and has two children. Her daughter, Victoria, is married to Matthew Maxwell Kennedy, son of Robert and Ethel Kennedy. Bonnie Strauss currently has five grandchildren.

10850132202651185993

Q1163083

Daniel Waterland Daniel Cosgrove Waterland (14 March 1683 – 23 December 1740) was an English theologian. He became Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge in 1714, Chancellor of the Diocese of York in 1722, and Archdeacon of Middlesex in 1730.Waterland opposed the latitudinarians of his time. He was an acute controversialist on behalf of the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity, on which he wrote several treatises. He was also the author of a History of the Athanasian Creed (1724). Early life The second son of Henry Waterland, rector of Walesby and Flixborough, Lincolnshire, by his second wife, he was born at Walesby on 14 Feb 1682–3. He was educated at the free school in Lincoln. At Magdalene College, Cambridge, he was admitted on 30 March 1699 and elected scholar on 26 December 1702; and became a fellow on 13 February 1703–4. He graduated B.A. in 1703 and B.D. in 1714, and proceeded M.A. in 1706 and D.D. in 1717. On 8 May 1724 he was incorporated at Oxford. Cambridge academic Waterland was conscientious, and devoted to tutorial work and university business. He was examiner in arts in 1710 and in the philosophical schools in 1711. In February 1713 he was appointed by the visitor, Lord Suffolk and Bindon, to the mastership of his college, vacant by the death of Gabriel Quadring, and presented to the rectory of Ellingham, Norfolk. At the public commencement in 1714 he held a disputation with Thomas Sherlock on the question of Arian subscription. On 14 November 1715 he succeeded Sherlock as vice-chancellor of the university. In 1716 he preached the sermon on occasion of the university's public thanksgiving (7 June) for the suppression of the Jacobite Rising of 1715, and on 22 October presented to the Prince of Wales at Hampton Court an address of congratulation.In 1717 Waterland was appointed chaplain in ordinary to the king. His controversial works marked him out as a successor to George Bull, and he became the first lecturer on Lady Moyer's endowment. He joined in the censure passed by the Cambridge heads of houses in January 1721 on Richard Bentley's libel on John Colbatch. Preferment In 1721 Waterland was presented by the dean and chapter of St Paul's Cathedral to the London rectory of St. Austin and St. Faith. On 21 December 1722 he was appointed by Archbishop William Dawes as chancellor of the diocese of York. He took an active part in the final stage of the struggle with Bentley, being a member of the syndicate appointed on 26 September 1723 to take steps to defeat or delay his restoration to office.A Windsor canonry was added to Waterland's preferments on 27 September 1727, and in 1730 the archdeaconry of Middlesex (13 August) and the vicarage of Twickenham (October); and he resigned his London rectory. Later life and death Waterland declined in 1734 the office of prolocutor to the lower house of Convocation, and also at a later date (December 1738 or May 1740) the see of Llandaff. He died without issue on 23 December 1740. His remains were interred in the south transept of St George's Chapel, Windsor. In 1719 he had married Theodosia (d. 8 December 1761), daughter of John Tregonwell of Anderton, Dorset. Modern Treatment The only scholar to deal with Waterland's contribution is the Rt. Rev. Ray R. Sutton of Dallas, Texas. His doctoral thesis completed under Dr. Alister McGrath was entitled The Sacramental Theology of Daniel Waterland, completed in 1998 at Oxford in association with Coventry University.

18003415652493219871

Q4201241

Maria Walanda Maramis Early life Maria was born in Kema, a small town in the regency of North Minahasa in the province of North Sulawesi. Her parents were Maramis and Sarah Rotinsulu. She had a Christian family. She was the youngest of three children with a sister by the name of Antje and brother by the name of Andries. Andries Maramis was the father of Alexander Andries Maramis who later became involved in the independence of Indonesia and held ministerial and ambassadorship positions in the Indonesian government.Maramis became an orphan at the age of six when her parents were both stricken with sickness and died one after the other in a short period of time. Maramis’ uncle, Rotinsulu, took the children to Maumbi where he was the District Chief (Indonesian: Hukum Besar) and raised them after the death of their parents. Maria and her sister attended Malay school (Indonesian: Sekolah Melayu). The name comes from the fact that the language used in the school was Malay language or an early term for the Indonesian language. The school taught basic knowledge, such as how to read and write, and some science and history. This would be the only formal education Maramis and her sister received as girls were expected to get married and become homemakers. PIKAT After moving to Manado, Maramis started writing op-eds in a local newspaper called Tjahaja Siang. In these articles, she argued the importance of the role of mothers in the family unit. She stressed that the care and health of the family were the responsibility of the mother. A child’s early education also came from the mother.Realizing the need to equip young women for their roles as caretakers of their families, Maramis with the help of a few others established an organization called “The Love of a Mother toward her Children” (Indonesian: Percintaan Ibu Kepada Anak Turunannya (PIKAT)) on July 8, 1917. The purpose of this organization was to teach women with elementary school level education family matters, such as cooking, sewing, infant care, and hand-crafting.Through the leadership of Maramis, PIKAT grew with the addition of branches around Minahasa, such as in Maumbi, Tondano, and Motoling. Branches in Java were also organized by local women in Batavia, Bogor, Bandung, Cimahi, Magelang, and Surabaya. On June 2, 1918, PIKAT opened a school in Manado. Maramis continued to be active in PIKAT until her death on April 22, 1924.To honor her contributions to the advancement of women in Indonesia, Maria Walanda Maramis was named a national hero (Indonesian: Pahlawan Pergerakan Nasional) by the government of Indonesia on May 20, 1969. Voting rights of women in Minahasa In 1919, a regional representative body for Minahasa (Dutch: Minahasa Raad) was established. Its members were originally selected, but elections were planned to pick subsequent members through popular vote. Only men were given the opportunity to become representatives, but Maramis championed the rights of women to cast votes to choose these representatives. Her efforts reached Batavia (now known as Jakarta; then called Betawi in Indonesian) and in 1921 the Dutch allowed the participation of women in the elections of representatives for the Minahasa Raad. Family life Maramis married Joseph Frederick Caselung Walanda, a language teacher in 1890. After her marriage with Walanda, she became better known as Maria Walanda Maramis. They had three children. Two of the children were sent to teacher’s school in Betawi (Jakarta). Anna Matuli Walanda went on to become a teacher and also participated in PIKAT. Tribute On December 1, 2018, a Google Doodle was displayed to celebrate her 146th birthday.

3947835827019533650

Q2891869

Waikiki Aquarium Establishment The Waikiki Aquarium was established on March 19, 1904, by the Honolulu Rapid Transit Authority, a forerunner of the present-day TheBus. Then known as the Honolulu Aquarium, its purpose was to entice travelers to ride the trolley all the way to the end of the line at Queen Kapiʻolani Park. It was built on land donated by James Bicknell Castle with funds from Charles Montague Cooke and his wife Anna Rice Cooke. In 1955, the Aquarium moved to its present location, a 2.35-acre parcel of land two hundred yards south of the original site, and changed its name to Waikiki Aquarium.The aquarium opened in 1904 with 35 tanks and 400 marine organisms, and during its first year, biologist David Starr Jordan proclaimed it as having the finest collection of fishes in the world. Considered state-of-the-art at that time, the aquarium also received positive comments from such notable visitors of that era as William Jennings Bryan and Jack London.The Aquarium has had five directors. Frederick A. Potter, a clerk for the Honolulu Rapid Transit Company, was transferred to manage the Aquarium, becoming the first director in 1904. Despite his lack of formal training in marine sciences, Potter was a vigorous supporter of Hawaiian ichthyology, and served as director until May 1940. Potter's Angelfish (Centropyge potteri), was named in his honor.In 1940, Spencer Tinker was appointed the second director of the Aquarium, after serving on the faculty of the University of Hawaii Zoology Department. Tinker was well known for his books on Hawaiian fishes, Pacific crustaceans, and other marine life: his book Hawaiian Fishes remains a classic. Tinker's Butterflyfish, Chaetodon tinkeri, was named after him. Tinker retired in 1973. The Hawaiian butterflyfish is named Chaetodon tinkeri in honor of Spencer Tinker, who became the aquarium's second director in 1940.During those early years (1919–1973) admissions to the Aquarium were deposited to the State General Fund and did not return to the Aquarium for upkeep. This lack of investment resulted in the Aquarium falling into disrepair and it was in urgent need of a new purpose and vision. In 1975, Dr Leighton Taylor was appointed the third director. An ichthyologist by training, and a world-renowned expert on sharks, Taylor understood the need for a new Aquarium vision committed to education, conservation and research, and he realized the need to diversify revenue sources. The logo, Education Department, Volunteer Program, library, research facility, gift shop, Friends of the Waikiki Aquarium support organization, the first Exhibits Master Plan (1978), and accreditation by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) all happened during his tenure. By accepting donations, memberships and grants, the Aquarium was able to fund increased services and to renovate exhibits. Taylor's goby, Trimma taylori, is named in his honor.In 1990, Dr Bruce Carlson was appointed the fourth director, a post he had held in an interim capacity since the departure of Dr Taylor in 1986. Carlson had previously worked closely with Dr Taylor and others to design new and more naturalistic exhibits that focused on the marine life of Hawaii and the western Pacific. Carlson developed a set of clearly defined goals and strategic plans, and initiated the coral propagation program, for which the Aquarium is now world-renowned. From 1992 to 1994, Carlson oversaw the aquarium's most extensive renovation since 1955. The $3.2 million investment from the Legislature enhanced the Aquarium's mission of research, education and conservation through greatly improved exhibits and visitor facilities. In 2000 the Aquarium was designated a Coastal Ecosystem Learning Center of the Coastal America partnership. Four reef animals are named after him: the damselfish Paraglyphidodon carlsoni, the anthias fish Pseudanthias carlsoni, and two nudibranchs Halgerda carlsoni and Ardeadoris carlsoni.In April 2004, Dr Andrew Rossiter was appointed the fifth director, joining the Aquarium at the onset of its 100th anniversary celebrations. His long-term ambition at the Aquarium is to increase public awareness of the ecology and conservation of marine life and reef habitats through aquarium exhibitory, research and education. His goal is to consolidate and build upon the existing exhibitory expertise and the solid foundation laid down by his two predecessors, and to modernize, diversify and expand the aquarium's facilities through a program of gradual renewal, renovation and replacement. Development and conditions The Waikiki Aquarium developed the first displays of living Pacific corals in the United States in 1978 using water from a seawater well and natural sunlight. A special surge device was developed later to allow culture of staghorn and table corals (Acropora spp.). Some of the corals at the Waikiki Aquarium are over 30 years old.The Waikiki Aquarium was the second aquarium in the world, and the first in the United States, to maintain the chambered nautilus (Nouméa Aquarium was first) and the first in the world to produce viable Nautilus embryos.Other "firsts" for the Waikiki Aquarium were displays of the blacktip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) ca. 1957; broadclub cuttlefish (Sepia latimanus) in 1978; a mahimahi hatchery and exhibit (Coryphaena hippurus) in 1991; and the giant clam (Tridacna gigas) in 1979. The largest giant clam at the Waikiki Aquarium was acquired from the Micronesian Mariculture Demonstration Center in Palau in June 1982 and was estimated to be five-years old at that time. At 38 years old in 2016, it is the longest-lived giant clam in any aquarium in the world.The Waikiki Aquarium has won national awards for its exhibits and aquatic culture methods: Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) Bean Award for Nautilus propagation (1991); AZA/Munson Conservation Award for "Corals are Alive" exhibition (1999); AZA/Munson Conservation Exhibit Award (2003); and the AZA Bean Award for the "South Pacific Habitat" exhibition (2003).

4750940972579349682

Q3852264

Matthew Guglielmetti Matthew Louis Guglielmetti Jr., also known as "Matty" (born 1949), is the [[Alleged Street Boss/Under-Boss Many Sources Vary His Rank From Captain,Street-Boss,Underboss]Of the New England-based Patriarca crime family of La Cosa Nostra. Guglielmetti is closely aligned with former family boss Luigi Mannochio. Criminal career Guglielmetti is a second-generation gangster who began his documented criminal career in 1984, when he and his father, Matthew L. Guglielmetti Sr. were arrested for hijacking a truckload of Canadian whisky. However, the case was later dropped. In 1989, while the Patriarca family was in the midst of an internal factional war, Guglielmetti came to the attention of law enforcement authorities when it was discovered that he had attempted to act as a peace broker. In return for his efforts, He inherited the rackets previously overseen by the murdered underboss William Grasso. On October 20, 1989, Guglielmetti was recorded by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) while the Patriarca family conducted a Mafia induction ceremony in Medford, Massachusetts. As a result, Guglielmetti ended up doing nearly five years at Federal Correctional Institution, Sandstone in Sandstone, Minnesota during the 1990s after pleading guilty to federal racketeering charges in Hartford, Connecticut. After his release, he resumed his criminal activities and soon presided over gambling and loan sharking for the Patriarca family. FBI sting of Local 271 and Capital City Concrete In April 2002, the FBI launched a probe into the Rhode Island construction industry. As part of the investigation, they created a fake company called Hemphill Construction in Johnston, Rhode Island. At the time, Guglielmetti served as steward for Laborers' International Union of North America (LIUNA) Local 271. After Hemphill opened, an undercover FBI agent met with Guglielmetti and offered him the chance to buy into the company. According to an FBI affidavit, Guglielmetti became a silent partner in Hemphill and started taking company funds, "including a share of the profits from laundering what Guglielmetti believed were drug proceeds through the undercover business."In 2003, Guglielmetti served as union steward for Capital City Concrete, which was chosen as a minority contractor for a $5.8 million parking ramp at the Kent County Court House in Warwick, Rhode Island. The company was also selected for $7 million in contract work on a sewage overflow tunnel at Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island. As work on the Warwick ramp progressed, state court officials pressed local contractors for payroll records in order to conduct criminal background checks on their employees. Capital City was among the last contractors to comply with this request. About a week before Guglielmetti stopped working on the ramp, Capital City finally turned over the records. Nothing emerged in the state files - apparently, Guglielmetti had unspecified charges expunged.In October 2003, Rhode Island and Massachusetts police visited the Warwick construction site to tell Guglielmetti that he and Manocchio had been recorded on undercover wiretaps discussing the collection of gambling debts and the mediation of a mob dispute. On January 20, 2005, FBI agents and Rhode Island State Police detectives raided the headquarters of Local 271 and Capital City Concrete in Cranston. Earlier that day, Guglielmetti and a pair of associates were arrested in Johnston.On March 31, 2005, Matthew Guglielmetti signed a plea agreement admitting that he conspired to distribute more than five kilograms of cocaine. Later in 2005, Guglielmetti was sentenced to 11 years in prison. Release On June 10, 2014 Guglielmetti was released from Fort Dix Federal Prison.

15016052361115727512

Q18818832

P. Jackson Darlington, Jr. Philip Jackson Darlington, Jr. (14 November 14, 1904, Philadelphia – 16 December 1983, Cambridge, Massachusetts) was an American entomologist, field naturalist, biogeographer, museum curator, and zoology professor. He was legendary for his collecting ability and his toughness and determination on field expeditions. Biography Darlington graduated in 1922 from secondary school at Phillips Exeter Academy and then attended Harvard University, where he graduated with bachelor's degree in 1926 and M.S. in 1927. In the 1920s he went on several field expeditions to the West Indies. From 1928 to 1929 he worked as an entomologist for the United Fruit Company near Santa Marta, Colombia. He returned to graduate study at Harvard University with an extensive collection of insects and vertebrates, including a diversity of bird skins, which formed the basis for a 1931 article. He received in 1931 his Ph.D. from Harvard University with a thesis on the Carabidae (ground beetles) of New Hampshire. From 1931 to 1932 he was a member of the Harvard Australian Expedition (1931–1932) led by William Morton Wheeler and returned with a collection of a huge number of insects and 341 mammals.Darlington was a key member of the six-man Harvard Australian Expedition (1931-1932) sent on behalf of the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ) for the dual purpose of procuring specimens - the museum being "weak in Australian animals and ... desires[ing] to complete its series" - and to engage in "the study of the animals of the region when alive." The mission was success with over 300 mammal and thousands of insect specimens returning to the United States. His companion William E. Schevill reported that "Dr. Darlington's resourceful skill and industry had brought together, from New South Wales and Queensland, not only a large collection of insects, but also over three hundred fifty mammals, representing over sixty species, as well about fifty species of birds; in addition, he had about two hundred fifty reptiles and amphibians."Following his return from the expedition, Darlington was made the MCZ's assistant curator of insects from 1932 to 1940, from 1940 to 1951 the Henry Clinton Fall Curator of Coleoptera, and from 1951 until his retirement in 1971 the Curator of Insects. He was also at Harvard University from 1962 until his retirement in 1971 the Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology.Upon the entry of the Unites States into WW II, Darlington enlisted as a Sanitary Corps entomologist with the rank of first lieutenant in the United States Army Medical Service Corps. He served in the Sixth United States Army during Operation Cartwheel and subsequent campaigns before retiring as a major in April 1944. Before he departed from New Guinea, he was able to collect many specimens of ground beetles and other insects.In 1942 Darlington married Elizabeth Koch, who later accompanied on many of his field expeditions. The couple and their son, Philip Frederick Darlington, spent eighteen months in 1956–1957 for a field study, camping from a truck in the Australian outback. Scientific fame Darlington presented a theory challenging William Diller Matthew's 1915 theory of faunal dominance.Darlington's most important contribution to science was his theory of the Old World tropical origin of dominant vertebrate groups. He first sketched out this formulation—which would influence research in zoogeography for a generation—in The Quarterly Review of Biology of 1948, then presented it in full dress in his 1957 text, Zoogeography: The Geographical Distribution of Animals. Episode with a crocodile During a WW II field survey for malarial mosquito larvae in New Guinea, Darlington was sampling stagnant water. Collecting alone in the jungle, he ventured into a stagnant pool by stepping carefully onto a submerged log, but a full-grown crocodile swam up and attacked him. Although seized in the crocodile's jaws, he somehow managed by kicking the crocodile to escape and scramble back to land. Despite serious loss of blood, torn muscles and ligaments in both arms, broken bones in his right arm, and piercing wounds in both hands, he was able to hike back to the U.S. army hospital.With characteristic understatement, Darlington wrote to his wife of "an episode with a crocodile" but supplied no further details. He was in a cast for several months, convalescing at Dobodura, Papua, where he perfected a left-handed technique for collecting insects: Have someone tie a vial to the end of a stick. Walk out into the forest, jam the stick into the ground, pull the cork out with the left hand, drop the specimens into the vial, replace the cork. He eventually regained full use of his hands and arms. Frog drop experiment Thomas Barbour was the director of Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology from 1927 to 1946. For many years, Barbour and Darlington had friendly arguments about Barbour's advocacy of faunal dispersion by land bridges versus Darlington's advocacy of exreme-wind-borne dispersal of small animals over isolated islands. To test his ideas, Darlington dropped several live frogs from a window on the fifth floor of the Museum. Barbour and a crowd of spectators observed the experiment. The dropped frogs were stunnedand remained still for a few seconds, but almost immediately they started to recover and in a few minutes were hopping normally. Legacy Darlington is commemorated in the scientific names of four species of lizards: Anolis darlingtoni, Celestus darlingtoni, Sphaerodactylus darlingtoni, and Sphenomorphus darlingtoni.

16000250278975454592

Q5600038

Great Stirrup Cay History Great Stirrup Cay, along with the rest of the Bahamas, was formed by tectonic and glacial shifting. The first known settlers to the Bahamas were the Lucayan Indians, relatives of the Arawaks who populated the Caribbean around 600 A.D.Great Stirrup was a pirate hideout while the British settled in Nassau and the larger islands until 1815. This time marks the first documented settlers of Great Stirrup, and many of the structures from this settlement still stand today. Charts of this era show simply "Stirrup's Cay"."Stirrup's Cay" remained active during the American Civil War, as the Confederates wished to continue to export cotton to Europe. The island was used as a landfall for provisioning while Federal warships patrolled the area to thwart their efforts. After the abolition of slavery, the British began to slowly withdraw from the out island colonies, and the plantation at Great Stirrup was abandoned. Great Stirrup is the northern most island in a chain of islands known as the Berry Islands, and is situated in an area along the Northwest Providence Channel.United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt fished off the reefs of Great Stirrup Cay in 1935.During World War II the United States, in an effort to protect its eastern shores, came to the Bahamas and Great Stirrup with a wide array of observational and defensive equipment. Among these were submersible cables, which were run along the ocean floor to listen for enemy submarines. Two "cable houses" still stand on the southeastern shore of the island, now overgrown by jungle. The United States Air Force later constructed a LORAC (LOng Range ACcuracy) radio-navigation station for use during the early space shuttle launches. This facility was later leased to Motorola and other private sector companies as contractors to the United States Air Force out of Patrick AFB near Satellite Beach, Florida. New, more accurate GPS technology made the station obsolete, and it was closed in 1991 and the antenna, equipment and radials were removed.A cruise liner, Yarmouth Castle, traveling from Miami to Nassau, burned and sank 13 miles (21 km) off the coast of Great Stirrup Cay on November 13, 1965. The United States Coast Guard's board of inquiry determined that the captain and ship's officers were to blame on the ship's fire and sinking.Belcher Oil Company of Miami staked claim to the north section of the island for many years. Their interests there included real estate speculation, oil exploration, and a possible site for a corporate retreat. In 1977, Norwegian Caribbean Lines (later Norwegian Cruise Line) leased this section from Belcher Oil, the first time a cruise line had exclusive control of a private island. Norwegian Caribbean Line bought the island in 1986. In 1990, Norwegian Cruise Line spent $1 million on upgrades to the island and, for a few years, it started marketing the island as Pleasure Island. In 2017, Norwegian Cruise Line built new food and drink areas, rebuilt cabanas, and expanded the beach areas. Norwegian Cruise Line plans to build 38 private villas with up to two bedrooms each, a two-story restaurant, a swim-up bar, and a spa area. Lighthouse In 1863, the Imperial Lighthouse Service erected the lighthouse on Great Stirrup Cay. The lighthouse site was manned for many years, but it is now fully automated and solar powered, making it self-sufficient. The structure stands nearly 80 feet, and its light is visible for over 20 miles. Flora and fauna The most common tree on the island is the coconut palm, which produces a cloudy milk and a sweet meat used in many island recipes. Another fruit-bearing tree is the Sea Grape. Wildlife Some of the creatures found on the island include several different varieties of lizard and land crab. Gulls, frigates, and sanderlings are the most prevalent bird species.Great Stirrup Cay is a protected marine life sanctuary, and removal of anything from the water is strictly prohibited. Climate Great Stirrup Cay has a tropical climate. The daytime average temperatures from December to April are around 75 °F (24 °C), while the average daily temperature is between 85–93 °F (29–34 °C) from May to November.The average rainfall is 1 inch (2.5 cm) per month from November to April and 3.5 inches (10 cm) per month from May to October.The average sea temperature from May to November is 81–86 °F (27–30 °C); it averages 77 °F (25 °C) from December to April.July averages the most hours of sunshine, while September through February averages the least hours of sunshine, with 7 to 8 hours per day.

779354974938392514

Q106551

Regolith Regolith (/ˈrɛɡəlɪθ/) is a layer of loose, heterogeneous superficial deposits covering solid rock. It includes dust, soil, broken rock, and other related materials and is present on Earth, the Moon, Mars, some asteroids, and other terrestrial planets and moons. Etymology The term regolith combines two Greek words: rhegos (ῥῆγος), "blanket", and lithos (λίθος), "rock". The American geologist George P. Merrill first defined the term in 1897, writing:In places this covering is made up of material originating through rock-weathering or plant growth in situ. In other instances it is of fragmental and more or less decomposed matter drifted by wind, water or ice from other sources. This entire mantle of unconsolidated material, whatever its nature or origin, it is proposed to call the regolith. Moon Regolith covers almost the entire lunar surface, bedrock protruding only on very steep-sided crater walls and the occasional lava channel. This regolith has formed over the last 4.6 billion years from the impact of large and small meteoroids, from the steady bombardment of micrometeoroids and from solar and galactic charged particles breaking down surface rocks.The impact of micrometeoroids, sometimes travelling faster than 96,000 km/h (60,000 mph), generates enough heat to melt or partially vaporize dust particles. This melting and refreezing welds particles together into glassy, jagged-edged agglutinates, reminiscent of tektites found on Earth.The regolith is generally from 4 to 5 m thick in mare areas and from 10 to 15 m in the older highland regions. Below this true regolith is a region of blocky and fractured bedrock created by larger impacts, which is often referred to as the "megaregolith".The density of regolith at the Apollo 15 landing site (26.1322°N 3.6339°E) averages approximately 1.35 g/cm³ for the top 30 cm, and it is approximately 1.85g/cm³ at a depth of 60 cm.The term lunar soil is often used interchangeably with "lunar regolith" but typically refers to the finer fraction of regolith, that which is composed of grains one centimetre in diameter or less. Some have argued that the term "soil" is not correct in reference to the Moon because soil is defined as having organic content, whereas the Moon has none. However, standard usage among lunar scientists is to ignore that distinction. "Lunar dust" generally connotes even finer materials than lunar soil, the fraction which is less than 30 micrometers in diameter. The average chemical composition of regolith might be estimated from the relative concentration of elements in lunar soil.The physical and optical properties of lunar regolith are altered through a process known as space weathering, which darkens the regolith over time, causing crater rays to fade and disappear.During the early phases of the Apollo Moon landing program, Thomas Gold of Cornell University and part of President's Science Advisory Committee raised a concern that the thick dust layer at the top of the regolith would not support the weight of the lunar module and that the module might sink beneath the surface. However, Joseph Veverka (also of Cornell) pointed out that Gold had miscalculated the depth of the overlying dust, which was only a couple of centimeters thick. Indeed, the regolith was found to be quite firm by the robotic Surveyor spacecraft that preceded Apollo, and during the Apollo landings the astronauts often found it necessary to use a hammer to drive a core sampling tool into it. Mars Mars is covered with vast expanses of sand and dust, and its surface is littered with rocks and boulders. The dust is occasionally picked up in vast planet-wide dust storms. Mars dust is very fine and enough remains suspended in the atmosphere to give the sky a reddish hue. The sand is believed to move only slowly in the Martian winds due to the very low density of the atmosphere in the present epoch. In the past, liquid water flowing in gullies and river valleys may have shaped the Martian regolith. Mars researchers are studying whether groundwater sapping is shaping the Martian regolith in the present epoch and whether carbon dioxide hydrates exist on Mars and play a role. It is believed that large quantities of water and carbon dioxide ices remain frozen within the regolith in the equatorial parts of Mars and on its surface at higher latitudes. Asteroids Asteroids have regoliths developed by meteoroid impact. The final images taken by the NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft of the surface of Eros are the best images of the regolith of an asteroid. The recent Japanese Hayabusa mission also returned clear images of regolith on an asteroid so small it was thought that gravity was too low to develop and maintain a regolith. The asteroid 21 Lutetia has a layer of regolith near its north pole, which flows in landslides associated with variations in albedo. Titan Saturn's largest moon Titan is known to have extensive fields of dunes, though the origin of the material forming the dunes is not known - it could be small fragments of water ice eroded by flowing methane, or possibly particulate organic matter that formed in Titan's atmosphere and rained down on the surface. Scientists are beginning to call this loose icy material regolith because of the mechanical similarity with regolith on other bodies, although traditionally (and etymologically) the term had been applied only when the loose layer was composed of mineral grains like quartz or plagioclase or rock fragments that were in turn composed of such minerals. Loose blankets of ice grains were not considered to be regolith because when they appear on Earth in the form of snow they behave differently from regolith, the grains melting and fusing with only small changes in pressure or temperature. However, Titan is so cold that ice behaves like rock. Thus there is an ice-regolith complete with erosion and aeolian and/or sedimentary processes.The Huygens probe used a penetrometer on landing to characterize the mechanical properties of the local regolith. The surface itself was reported to be a clay-like "material which might have a thin crust followed by a region of relative uniform consistency." Subsequent analysis of the data suggests that surface consistency readings were likely caused by Huygens displacing a large pebble as it landed, and that the surface is better described as a 'sand' made of ice grains. The images taken after the probe's landing show a flat plain covered in pebbles. The pebbles, which may be made of water ice, are somewhat rounded, which may indicate the action of fluids on them.

15357805724759616789

Q5120481

Cindy Blackstock Early life and career Blackstock was born in 1964 in Burns Lake, British Columbia. She has a Bachelor of Arts Degree (UBC), two Master degrees (Management from McGill University; Jurisprudence in Children's Law and Policy from Loyola University Chicago) and a PhD in social work (University of Toronto). In a 2016 article in The Globe and Mail, she was described as "Canada's 'relentless moral voice' for First Nations equality".Blackstock has become an influential voice within the Indigenous, social work and child rights communities. Blackstock has spoken out about the systemic inequalities in public services experienced by First Nations children, youth and families. Human rights complaint and Federal court proceedings In 2007 the Assembly of First Nations and her employer, the First Nations Child and Family Caring Society of Canada, filed a complaint pursuant to the Canadian Human Rights Act [CHRA] alleging Canada discriminates against First Nations children by consistently under-funding child welfare on reserves. In response the Department of Aboriginal Affairs put Blackstock under surveillance for "caring for First Nations children."In their human rights complaint the First Nations Child and Family Caring Society of Canada and the Assembly of First Nations cited reports documenting the inequality and the impacts on children including reports issued by the Auditor General of Canada and Standing Committee of Public Accounts to support their discrimination claims.The Federal Government has consistently challenged the jurisdiction of the Canadian Human Rights Act to deal with the complaint. Canada was unsuccessful in trying to convince the Canadian Human Rights Commission (the vetting body for complaints filed under the CHRA) to dismiss the complaint and it was referred for a full hearing by the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal in 2008. The Federal Government then tried to have the case dismissed by the Federal Court on the jurisdictional issue but was unsuccessful. The Federal Government brought a motion to have the case dismissed to the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal in December 2010 and the matter was heard by Canadian Human Rights Tribunal Chairperson, Shirish Chotalia, in June 2010. Chair Chotalia released her ruling in March 2011 dismissing the child welfare case suggesting that the CHRA required a mirror comparator group and child welfare services funded by the Federal Government for First Nations could not be compared to services provided to all others by the provinces and territories.The First Nations Child and Family Caring Society, the Assembly of First Nations and the Canadian Human Rights Commission appealed the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal decision to Federal Court. In its ruling released in April 2012, the Federal Court overturned the decision by the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal suggesting the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal erred in law as no comparator group is required for a discrimination analysis and that the hearing was unfair as Tribunal Chair Chotalia reviewed thousands of pages of extraneous material in arriving at her decision. The Federal Court ruling cleared the way for a differently constituted panel at the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal to conduct a full hearing on the discrimination matter.A subsequent appeal of the Federal Court ruling by the Canadian Government was dismissed by the Federal Court of Appeal in March 2013. Meanwhile, the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal began hearing evidence on the discrimination claim on February 25, 2013.On April 18, 2012, the Federal Court ruled that further scrutiny is needed to determine whether Ottawa is discriminating against First Nations children on reserves by underfunding child welfare services, and ordered the Tribunal to hold a new hearing on the case. On March 11, 2013, the Federal Court of Appeal dismissed Canada's appeal of the Federal Court Decision clearing the way for the Tribunal to hear evidence on the discrimination claim.On January 26, 2016, in a landmark decision, the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal (2016 CHRT 2) ruled that the federal government's longstanding underfunding of child and family services on First Nations reserves and failure to ensure First Nations children can access government services on the same terms as other children (as per Jordan's Principle) discriminates against 163,000 First Nations children on the grounds of race and national and ethnic origin. The Tribunal ordered the government of Canada to cease its discriminatory conduct and the Tribunal maintained jurisdiction over the matter. On April 26, 2016 the Tribunal issued a second order (2016 CHRT 10) expressing concern regarding Canada's implementation of the January decision and ordering Canada to confirm they have applied Jordan's Principle to all children and all jurisdictional disputes by May 10, 2016. The Tribunal issued two further non-compliance orders against Canada in September 2016 (2016 CHRT 16) and May of 2017 (2017 CHRT 14). The latter non-compliance order dealt with Jordan's Principle and the Tribunal found Canada had not fully complied with previous orders and linked Canada's non-compliance to the deaths of two 12 year old girls. On February 1, 2018 (2018 CHRT 4), the Tribunal issued a further non-compliance order on child and family service funding requiring the federal government to fund prevention, intake and assessment, legal, building repairs, mental health (Ontario), and band representatives (Ontario) at their actual cost. In February of 2019, the Tribunal issued an interim order (2019 CHRT 7)requiring Canada to apply Jordan's Principle to First Nations children in urgent circumstances who do not have Indian Status. The Tribunal has taken under reserve a final determination of the definition of First Nations child for Jordan's Principle and compensation for victims of Canada's discriminatory conduct. In response to the Tribunal's order, the federal government provided over 200,000 products and services to First Nations children who needed them in 2018/2019. Meanwhile, a class action lawsuit was filed by Xavier Moushoom, a former child in care, and Maurina Beadle, mother of a child entitled to Jordan's Principle services (Xavier Mouchoom v. Attorney General of Canada, Federal Court of Canada, (T-402-19). The class action has not yet been certified. The court case and Blackstock's role is the subject of a 2016 documentary film by Alanis Obomsawin, We Can't Make the Same Mistake Twice, which had its world premiere on September 13 at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival.

8809526958331744733

Q18149811

Falcon Rising Plot John "Falcon" Chapman is a United States Marine Corps veteran who suffers from posttraumatic stress disorder. After playing Russian roulette, he enters a convenience store moments before it is robbed. He demands one of the robbers shoot him, and when the man hesitates, Chapman grows impatient, disarms the robbers, and foils the robbery. When he meets with his sister Cindy, who has briefly returned to New York for a wedding, she chastises him for not taking his medication and explains that she is returning to Brazil, where she has been doing charity work for a non-profit organization. Chapman receives word from Manny Ridley, a fellow veteran and diplomat, that his sister has been severely beaten. Chapman immediately leaves for Brazil.Chapman meets Thiago Santo and his partner Carlo Bororo, who are investigating his sister's assault. Though no witnesses have come forward, Santo promises justice. Santo and Ridley warn Chapman to avoid the gangster-controlled favelas, but Chapman insists on performing his own investigation. Katarina Da Silva, a beat cop, shows Chapman where his sister was found. When Chapman visits his sister in the hospital, an Asian nurse administers medicine to Cindy's IV. Cindy goes into convulsions, and Chapman calls for help. The hospital says they have no Asian nurses, and Ridley suggests that the yakuza may be involved, as Brazil has a sizable Japanese immigrant population.Chapman returns to the favela and beats up several people when he notices one is wearing Cindy's necklace. Da Silva arrives and stops him, explaining that the man is Cindy's friend. Da Silva translates for him, and Chapman learns that Cindy gave her necklace to him after his sister disappeared. The man gives Chapman Cindy's torn journal, which he recovered, and Chapman apologizes. Using carbon paper, Chapman recovers a phone number and contacts another of Cindy's friends, a photographer, who explains that she was investigating corruption and a possible conspiracy involving human trafficking. When the photographer is unwilling to part with proof, Chapman pickpockets it. The photographer dies in a car bomb seconds later.After engaging in a gun fight with yakuza gangsters, Chapman investigates a nightclub with yakuza ties. There, he beats up a Brazilian smuggler who works for Hirimoto, the yakuza boss. Ridley identifies official documents as fakes and the two realize the yakuza are kidnapping young girls from the favela and forcing them into prostitution. At the same time, Santo organizes a violent raid of the favela, killing many Brazilian drug dealers. When one of his officers stumbles onto a yakuza kidnapping, Santo kills the officer and demands double his pay from the yakuza. Chapman investigates a yakuza brothel, where he is recognized and beats up several gangsters. Santo is called to kill him, but when Da Silva also arrives, Santo is unable to do anything.Chapman hands over the evidence of smuggling and human trafficking to Santo but becomes suspicious when Santo accidentally reveals knowledge of the operation. On a hunch, Chapman sends Da Silva to protect his sister, and Da Silva kills the same yakuza assassin who previously pretended to be a nurse. Chapman tracks down a meeting between Santo, Bororo, and Hirimoto. After alerting Ridley, Chapman kills several yakuza and confronts the three men at once. Santo goes down first, then Bororo, and finally Hirimoto. As he lies dying, Santo denies involvement with Cindy's near-fatal attack, gives Chapman a key to a locker full of incriminating evidence, and requests a gun to commit suicide; Chapman obliges. Later, at a cafe, Ridley offers Chapman a job with the state department as an agent, which he accepts. Release Falcon Rising was released on Video on Demand (VOD) platforms on September 4, 2014 and had a limited release in ten North American theaters on September 5, 2014. The film grossed $8,691 in its opening weekend and grossed $11,774 by the end of its theatrical run. Falcon Rising was released on DVD on October 27, 2014. Reception Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, reports that 43% of seven surveyed critics gave the film a positive review; the average rating is 5.5/10. Metacritic rated it 49/100 based on four reviews. Frank Scheck of The Hollywood Reporter called it "a by-the-numbers thriller that mainly serves as a showcase for its star’s considerable fighting abilities". Nicolas Rapold of The New York Times likened the film to a 1980s TV cop show and wrote that although White's character is likeable, he is not menacing. Tom Long of The Detroit News wrote, "Falcon Rising is filled with so many action-flick cliches it could serve as a text on how not to do things." Simon Abrams of The Village Voice compared it to Commando. Abrams wrote that White's character, despite his charisma, "comes across like another pseudo-heroic American behaving badly abroad". Soren Andersen of The Seattle Times wrote, "Nothing new here, in other words, but White’s electrifying performance makes it all seem somehow fresh." Charles Bramesco of The Dissolve rated it 3/5 stars and wrote, "Though Falcon Rising occasionally fails to distinguish itself from the glut of similar globe-trotting action potboilers, it succeeds on the merits of White's winning performance."

5827490781607834608

Q48834969

Extensional and intensional definitions Extensional and intensional definitions are two key ways in which the object(s) or concept(s) a term refers to can be defined. Intensional definition In logic and mathematics, an intensional definition gives the meaning of a term by specifying necessary and sufficient conditions for when the term should be used. In the case of nouns, this is equivalent to specifying the properties that an object needs to have in order to be counted as a referent of the term.For example, an intensional definition of the word "bachelor" is "unmarried man". This definition is valid because being an unmarried man is both a necessary condition and a sufficient condition for being a bachelor: it is necessary because one cannot be a bachelor without being an unmarried man, and it is sufficient because any unmarried man is a bachelor.This is the opposite approach to the extensional definition, which defines by listing everything that falls under that definition – an extensional definition of bachelor would be a listing of all the unmarried men in the world.As becomes clear, intensional definitions are best used when something has a clearly defined set of properties, and they work well for terms that have too many referents to list in an extensional definition. It is impossible to give an extensional definition for a term with an infinite set of referents, but an intensional one can often be stated concisely – there are infinitely many even numbers, impossible to list, but the term "even numbers" can be defined easily by saying that even numbers are integer multiples of two.Definition by genus and difference, in which something is defined by first stating the broad category it belongs to and then distinguished by specific properties, is a type of intensional definition. As the name might suggest, this is the type of definition used in Linnaean taxonomy to categorize living things, but is by no means restricted to biology. Suppose one defines a miniskirt as "a skirt with a hemline above the knee". It has been assigned to a genus, or larger class of items: it is a type of skirt. Then, we've described the differentia, the specific properties that make it its own sub-type: it has a hemline above the knee.Intensional definition also applies to rules or sets of axioms that define a set by describing a procedure for generating all of its members. For example, an intensional definition of square number can be "any number that can be expressed as some integer multiplied by itself". The rule—"take an integer and multiply it by itself"—always generates members of the set of square numbers, no matter which integer one chooses, and for any square number, there is an integer that was multiplied by itself to get it.Similarly, an intensional definition of a game, such as chess, would be the rules of the game; any game played by those rules must be a game of chess, and any game properly called a game of chess must have been played by those rules. Extensional definition An extensional definition of a concept or term formulates its meaning by specifying its extension, that is, every object that falls under the definition of the concept or term in question.For example, an extensional definition of the term "nation of the world" might be given by listing all of the nations of the world, or by giving some other means of recognizing the members of the corresponding class. An explicit listing of the extension, which is only possible for finite sets and only practical for relatively small sets, is a type of enumerative definition.Extensional definitions are used when listing examples would give more applicable information than other types of definition, and where listing the members of a set tells the questioner enough about the nature of that set. This is similar to an ostensive definition, in which one or more members of a set (but not necessarily all) are pointed out as examples. The opposite approach is the intensional definition, which defines by listing properties that a thing must have in order to be part of the set captured by the definition.

7128226469449356809

Q662786

Daniel Noonan Club and state rowing Noonan was educated at St Ignatius College, Riverview where he took up rowing. At Riverview in 1997 he stroked the school's 1st VIII to victory in the Riverview Gold Cup regatta – one of the premier events in the Sydney club calendar. It was the first time the Riverview schoolboy eight had won the senior open event at the Riverview Gold Cup in its 112 year history.His senior club rowing was from the Sydney University Boat Club and later the Mosman Rowing Club in Sydney.Noonan first made state representation for New South Wales in the 1999 youth eight contesting the Noel F Wilkinson Trophy at the Interstate Regatta within the Australian Rowing Championships. Ten years later in 2009 he was picked in the New South Wales senior eight competing for the King's Cup at the Interstate Regatta. He then raced in five New South Wales eights from 2009 to 2013 for five consecutive King's Cup victories. He stroked those crews of 2010, 2011, 2012 & 2013.At the 2006 Australian Rowing Championships in Sydney University Boat Club colours he contested all three sculling championship titles – single scull, double scull and the quad scull. At the 2011 Australian Championships, by now in Mosman colours, he again competed in all three men's sculling boat classes and claimed the national title in the 4X. International representative rowing Notwithstanding his King's Cup success for New South Wales in the sweep-oared men's eight, Noonan's Australian representation was (excepting his junior debut) always in sculling boats. His World Championship medal success – gold in 2011, bronze in 2010 and silver in 2009 – came as stroke of the Australian men's quad scull. Both of his Olympic appearances were also in stroke seat of the quad – a fourth place in the Olympic final at Beijing 2008 and a bronze medal at London 2012.Noonan first represented Australia at the 1997 Junior World Rowing Championships in Hazewinkel, Belgium where he stroked a junior coxed four to a fifth placing. His next national appearance was in 2000 in an U23 quad scull which raced at the World Rowing Cup III in Lucerne before contesting the 2000 World Rowing U23 Championships in Copenhagen where they took a silver medal.It was 2006 before Noonan secured a place in the Australian senior squad. He stroked the men's quad scull at two World Rowing Cups in Europe before contesting the 2006 World Rowing Championships at Eton Dorney where they finished in overall ninth place. In 2007 he competed in a single scull at World Rowing Cups in Linz and in Amsterdam.In 2008 he was back in the men's quad scull with James McRae and Brendan Long as they prepared their Olympic campaign. They contested two World Rowing Cups with Peter Hardcastle in the other seat but in Beijing 2008 Hardcastle was changed out for Chris Morgan in the bow. In their first race at Beijing, they broke the world record to win their heat. . Noonan stroked that crew to a fourth placing in the Olympic final – 1/3 of a second behind the French bronze medallists.With unfinished business from Beijing, Noonan held his place as stroke of the Australian men's quad for the entire next Olympiad and led those crews to considerable success. With Crawshay and newcomers Jared Bidwell & Nick Hudson they rowed an incredible campaign at the 2009 World Rowing Championships in Poznan. After placing fourth in their heat, they fought through a repechage and semi-final to make the final in which they pulled off a stunning second place and a silver medal. In 2010 McRae and Morgan were again in crew contention along with Karsten Forsterling. A combination raced at two World Rowing Cups in Europe that year and then in Lake Karapiro at the 2010 World Rowing Championships Noonan, Crawshay, McRae and Fosterling rowed to a bronze medal. In 2011 Crawshay was changed-out for Chris Morgan and this combination commenced their Olympic campaign. At Bled 2011 in an upset, the Australian quad defeated the fancied German crew to win world championship gold. Following a costly mistake in the German boat the Australian crew took the lead in the last few metres of the race and won by 0.25secs.The world champion Australian quad remained together with seats unchanged into the 2012 London Olympics. At Eton Dorney they placed third in their heat but qualified through to the semi-final where they finished second behind Croatia. In the 2012 Olympic final they were in fourth place at each mark before coming home to take the bronze medal behind the Croatian and the German boats.Noonan made no retirement announcement after London and in fact continued to row at the highest national level into 2013, however ultimately the 2012 Olympics proved to be his last Australian representative appearance. In 2012 he was appointed as the Head of Rowing at his former school St Ignatius College.

1306264229475781616

Q3445010

Carson–Newman University History Following a ten-year effort of five early East Tennessee Baptists, the school was established as Mossy Creek Missionary Baptist Seminary in 1851. The school began by holding classes in a local Baptist church. Within a few years the institution became Mossy Creek Baptist College and occupied its own buildings on the site of the present campus.In 1880, the university was named Carson College for James Harvey Carson (1801–1880), who left $15,000 of his estate to the school. For several years it existed alongside Newman College, a separate facility for the education of women named for William Cate Newman, who had donated money to the women's college. In 1889, the two colleges united as one of the first coeducational institutions in the South. The institution operated as Carson–Newman College until 2012 when the board of trustees voted to acknowledge recent organizational changes by changing the name to Carson–Newman University.In 1919, Carson–Newman became officially affiliated with the Tennessee Baptist Convention. The college was admitted to membership in the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools in 1927 and the Association of American Colleges in 1928.During World War II, Carson–Newman was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission.During most of its history, Carson–Newman University has served as a residential four-year, liberal arts college with courses of study leading to the baccalaureate degree.More recently, the university has been recognized for its student based Hunger Games. In keeping with its commitment to service learning, Carson–Newman has held the Hunger Games each fall since 2011 in order to raise funds for local charities. In 2014, over 12,000 USD was raised from the games.In 2015 the school applied for and received a Title IX exemption so that it could maintain its status as a private Christian institution and also granting it the right to turn away "gay students, unwed mothers, women who've had an abortion and even students who may be pregnant" should it so choose to do so. Then-President Dr. Randall O'Brien states that the decision was made based on the advice of legal counsel and that the school does not discriminate and does not plan to.Through an alumni donation in 2010, the university acquired a neglected 18-acre wooded area of land along Mossy Creek. More recently, the property has been transformed from an overgrown woods with a "dead creek" into a beautiful park. Over the years, the site has become increasingly important to the biology program and others at Carson-Newman. In Fall 2017, the creek started showing fresh signs of life once again.On June 7, 2019, the trustees appointed Dr. Charles A. Fowler as the 23rd president of the university. Dr. Fowler began his tenure July 1, 2019. Academics Carson–Newman's Mathematics program is home to American statistician Kenneth Massey. The Army ROTC Nursing program is the largest in Tennessee. Campus The campus is located in Jefferson City, Tennessee, between Overlook Ave (West) and Meadow Spring Ave (East), and between Ellis St (South) and Deborah St (North). Athletics Carson–Newman is a member of the South Atlantic Conference (SAC) and fields 18 varsity teams in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II competition. Men's varsity sports at Carson-Newman are: Baseball, Basketball, Cross Country, Football, Golf, Soccer, Swimming, Tennis, and Track & Field. Women's sports are: Basketball, Cross Country, Golf, Soccer, Softball, Swimming, Tennis, Track & Field, and Volleyball. In the spring of 2015 the volleyball program expanded to include a beach volleyball program, being one of around 40 schools in the United States to offer the sport.

3511600505939968561

Q4848818

Bajaj Avenger Avenger 180 To gain a strategic position in the premium segment, Bajaj engineers replaced the Kawasaki engine with underpowered, 178.6 cc DTS-i engine from the Bajaj Pulsar sportbike. However, the engine had to be re-tuned to suit the torque-demanding characteristics of a cruiser. The bike was launched in 10 June 2005. It is also the first cruiser developed by an Indian company. The wheelbase is 1,475 mm (58.1 in). Mileage around 45 kmpl Avenger 200 The Avenger was upgraded in 2007 with an increase in engine capacity to 200 cc. The oil-cooled engine was a modified version of that fitted to the Pulsar 200.The Avenger 200 features a modified engine of Pulsar 200, delivering 0.5 bhp power and 0.4 kgf·m (4 N·m) torque less than the Pulsar. The bike has a top speed of 114 km/h (71 mph). It does 0 to 60 km/h (0 to 37 mph) in 5.18 seconds and 0 to 100 km/h (0 to 62 mph) in 20.03 seconds. Avenger 220 In July 2010, Bajaj launched a 220 cc version of Bajaj Avenger, with slight changes in its dial in tank showing indicators, fuel level, status and head light. It comes with variant colors and with Oil cooled radiator for its engine. Avenger 220 gives an average of 35–40 km/L. Top Speed 135 km/hIt's Gross weight is approx 185 kg. And Kerb weight is approx 154 kg. Cruising speed is 70–80 km/h with mileage of 40 km/L on highways and hills like to mountain areas. Tank capacity is 14 L. Avenger 220 is a successful cruiser in India when compared with others with reliability, price tag, performance, maintenance cost, power and glamour.These models are now discontinued. 2nd Generation (2015–2017) The bikes got a completely new makeover, with new design elements such as a new Avenger insignia, paint jobs, alloy wheels etc. Two versions, Street and Cruise, were introduced, with the former designed as a cross between a cruiser and a city bike in terms of handlebar positioning and handling etc, while the latter being a more textbook cruiser. The Street came with two engine options: 150 cc and 220 cc, while the Cruise comes only with a 220 cc engine. Avenger Street 150 It comes with a 150cc engine. It was launched on 2015 October along with Avenger Street 220 and Avenger 220 Cruise. It works on carburettor system.It has an impressive mileage of 45 km/liter and draws a top speed of 117 km/hr. Avenger Street 220 It has the same engine and specifications as its predecessors, but the engine has been detuned to produce more torque in the mid revs. Matte black paint can be seen across the bike with blackened alloy wheels, side mirrors and a back fender too, with white striped decals running down the length of the bike. It comes with a newly designed street control handlebar, wider tyres and a 260mm front disc brake. It boasts a top speed of 120 km/h and accelerates from 0 to 100 km/h in 12.3 seconds.It works on Carburetor injection system unlike its 150cc brother. The Avenger street has an orange backlit digital meter. Avenger Cruise 220 This bike is similar to the outgoing Avenger 220 model with a few cosmetic changes. There's a new Avenger insignia and more chrome addition in the form of oil cooler and horn. An optional windshield is also available. The Avenger Cruise 220 is closest to the classical cruiser look among the 3 variants released. The Avenger Cruise has ergonomic changes in its handlebar when compared to its predecessors thereby giving it more cruise like riding feel for the rider.The Avenger Cruise has a blue back lit digital meter. Currently its available in Ebony Black and Desert Gold colors. 3rd Generation (January 2018 – present) The third generation of the widely successful Avenger required an update in order to deal with competition such as the Suzuki Intruder, which was launched in Q3, 2017. With this update, the 150 cc version was retired in favour of a 180 cc version.The third generation brought with it a slew of design changes such as a new headlamp with LED DRLs. A digital instrument cluster, backlit with blue on the Cruise and Orange on the Street, is also a recent addition. There is also a new tall shroud that shields the instrument cluster from direct sunlight. The new cluster gets a speedometer, two trip meters, fuel gauge and a service reminder. The back grab rail for the Street version has been revamped too.The Avenger insignia has also been changed and made bigger. There are new graphics and colours for all three variants, too:Avenger Cruise 220: Auburn Black, Moon WhiteAvenger Street 220: Matt Black, Matt WhiteAvenger Street 180: Red, BlackApart from these, there are no mechanical changes to any of the bikes.In May 2019, Bajaj launched Avenger Street 160 ABS. The bike was launched in two colors - Ebony Black and Spicy Red. The Avenger Gods The Avenger Gods, also known as TAG, is the official (as in promoted by Bajaj Motorcycles) biker club for Bajaj Avenger riders. TAG organizes group rides for all enthusiasts.There are also many other Avenger biker clubs throughout the country like Avenger Motorcycle Club, Bajaj Avenger Club and so on.

18279738549595858025

Q6525234

Leonard DiMaria Leonard "Lenny" DiMaria (born 1941) also known as "Prateek" and "the Conductor", is a New York mobster and Caporegime in the Gambino crime family. He is considered by law enforcement to be a close associate of Nicholas Corozzo and has served as his right-hand-man for almost 30 years. Brooklyn gangster DiMaria was born to first-generation immigrants from Moliterno, province of Potenza, Italy. Before pursuing his life of crime, he worked as a railroad conductor for the Long Island Rail Road and employee of the New York and Atlantic Railway. These early jobs earned him the nickname "The Conductor". In the early 1980s, DiMaria became a soldier in the Gambino crime family, along with his driver Thomas "Spade" Muschio, age 24, who was incarcerated in 1983 to Raiford, Florida State Prison till his release in 1985, after the work release program he was then put on probation till 1988. Muschio now resides in North Carolina, and Toms River, New Jersey. Muschio was an upcoming member of the Gambino crime family at an early age. They both operated loansharking and extortion operations in both Queens and {Brooklyn} in the early days. They both soon became a close associate of Nicholas Corozzo. Muschio, was introduced into Organized Crime by Robert "Bobby Cabert" Bisaccia.In 1985, DiMaria, Corozzo, John Gotti, and other Gambino gangsters were indicted on racketeering charges in New York. During the trial, as each witness passed the defense table after testifying, DiMaria would stand, smile, extend his right hand, and say: "Gee, thanks for coming". In 1987, the defendants were acquitted. After Gotti was sent to prison in 1991, DiMaria was promoted to caporegime of a crew in Queens. In 1994, his fellow captain and associate Nick Corozzo became a member of the Gambino family Ruling Panel, which was meant to run the family with John Gotti in prison. DiMaria was then one of the main chiefs in the family, controlling everything from loansharking and illegal gambling, to racketeering and murder for hire. At age 53, DiMaria now had one of the best positions in the family, and soon began a lucrative partnership in Florida. South Florida and New York indictments In 1995, DiMaria, and Gambino capos Ralph Davino, Jr. and Anthony Ruggiano, Jr., together with Anthony "Tony Pep" Trentacosta, started operating in Florida on behalf of Corozzo. These three capos would be called the "South Florida Crew", operating from both New York and Florida. On December 18, 1996, DiMaria was arrested at his home in Flatlands, Brooklyn on loansharking and racketeering charges in Florida. While out on bail, DiMaria was indicted a month later on separate loansharking and racketeering charges in New York after a three-year investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The New York indictments were based partly on evidence gathered at the Portobello Soccer Club in Canarsie, Brooklyn. The club was a sting operation that purchased stolen designer clothing, computers, and other goods from Gambino mobsters. DiMaria reportedly became friends with the FBI uncover agent who ran the sting and was seen hugging him on surveillance video. After six weeks in house arrest, DiMaria and Corozzo were sent to a federal lockup to await trials in New York and Florida.On November 3, 1997, DiMaria pleaded guilty to 15 New York charges, including racketeering, extortion and loansharking. and received a 10-year prison sentence, to be served in Cumberland, Maryland. In January 1998, DiMaria pleaded guilty to the Florida charges. Operation Old Bridge Released from prison in 2005, DiMaria returned to running racketeering and loansharking operations in Queens, Brooklyn, and South Florida for Corozzo and John "Jackie Nose" D'Amico. It was speculated that DiMaria might have become underboss.In February 2008, DiMaria was indicted in Operation Old Bridge, a massive federal investigation of the Gambino family. On June 4, 2008, DiMaria pleaded guilty to racketeering and extortion-related charges. DiMaria further admitted to conspiring to extort money from contractor/trucker Joseph Vollaro. Vollaro, a former Mafia associate, had become an informant to avoid prosecution and recorded conversations with other mobsters over a three-year period.DiMaria was incarcerated at the Federal Correctional Institution, Otisville. He was released from prison on August 31, 2012.

2021029074567954574

Q2979862

C.D. Dragón History C.D. Dragón was founded on 18 September 1939; during this period no national league was available, so they played against teams from different zones. Dragón represented San Miguel department.Dragón played their matches at the Estadio Charlaix, which would be their home stadium for several decades.Under the coaching of player-coach Esteban Blanco, the direction of Samuel Córdoba and key players such as Juan Francisco Barraza, Rómulo Granados and Domingo Flores, the club experienced their most successful period in the 1950s, when they won two league titles (1950–51, 1953–53) and lost two other championship finals.However, Dragón's fortune would change when a new club was founded during the latter part of the 1950s, Águila. Águila began to assume the mantle as the top representative of San Miguel and began to drain Dragón of quality players such as (Barraza, Blanco and others), sponsorship and fans which led to Dragón not only developing a fierce rivalry with Águila but also led to the club being relegated to the Second Division after the conclusion of the 1963–64 season.The club spent 13 years in the Second Division, during this time they were one of the founding members of UCLA (Unión de Clubes de Liga de Ascenso) in 1971. However, on 12 February 1977, under Brazilian coach Jorge Tupinambá who had previously coached ANTEL and Platense to the First Division, helped Dragón win their promotion game against Santiagueño 1–0 and helped elevate Dragón back to the First Division.Dragón's stay in the First Division was a short one (four years), the club only achieved two final series participations during the 1977–78, 1978–79 where they were quickly eliminated and the club was relegated to the Second Division after the conclusion of the 1980 season.Under the coaching of former player and idol Juan Francisco Barraza, the club almost achieved promotion back to the First Division during the 1984–85 season; however, they lost their promotion game to CESSA and had to wait another four years to gain promotion.Mario Martínez, whose name will become entwined with Dragón, helped the club gain promotion to the First Division thanks to a 2–1 aggregate victory over Halcón de San Cayetano Istepeque, during this period a new crop of talented players were identified including future highest goalscorer for the El Salvador national football team Raúl Díaz Arce, Moisés "Pecho de Mono" González, and others.Despite the success, the club were struck with financial troubles and had to sell those players and in just one season the club was relegated back to the Second Division.The club waited four years to achieve promotion once again thanks to the coaching of Miguel Aguilar Obando, who helped Dragón win their promotion game 4–0 over Arcense.Their most recent spell in the top tier lasted from 1996 through 2003; during this period several players shone including Honduran Williams Reyes, William Torres and others and they achieved a few final series. However they were relegated back in 2003 to the Second Division and have played there for ten years.Dragón won promotion to the First Division mainly due to the coaching of Mario Martínez second time in which he helped C.D. Dragón gain promotion, Dragón defeated Ciclón del Golfo over the two legs with an aggregate score of 3–1.Despite having a very poor Apertura campaign in which Mario Martínez was sacked and replaced by Nelson Ancheta, with the recruitment of club legend Williams Reyes and the emergence of stars like Rommel Mejía, Santos Ortíz, and Aurelio Vásquez the club reached the Clausura grand final (after disposing Santa Tecla in a play-off series 2–1, and defeating league leaders FAS in the semi-finals 1–0 on aggregate), However, despite the game ending 0–0 after 120 minutes, two missed penalties in the shootout meant that Isidro Metapán would win the grand final 6–5 on penalties.On 29 of May, 2016, the club had its most successful period in its modern history under the guidance of Salvadorian Omar Sevilla, the club were able to win their first championship in 63 years (the Clausura 2016 final). Dragón won the match 1–0, Wilman Torres was the lone goal-scorer for Dragón in the final.However despite winning their first championship in 63 years their fortune dwindled first showed a poor internation performance at the concacaf losing 3 games and drawing one, with 6–0 loss against Deportivo Saprissa being the worst of the result.Soon the club struggled to win games and eventually during the 2017–2018 season, the club finished equal 12th with Sonsonate , this meant they were forced to play a relegation playoff game with Sonsonate, they lost 3–2, which meant they to fell back to the Segunda division.On the 14th of January, 2018 due to failed payment to player, the club would not be registered and caused the club to be de-registered from the Segunda Division . Supporters There is currently one officially recognized supporters group, El Monstruo Verde. Mascot Throughout their history, a dragon was the club's official mascot. On March 9, 2014, the club, after consultation with the fans, decided to call their mascot Mito . Rivalries Dragón's main rival is Águila. This stems from the fact that both teams come from the San Miguel region, and Águila, early in their history, were able to recruit several key Dragón players. The derby has been labelled Derbi Migueleño (the San Miguel Derby). Honours Dragon is historically the second most successful team from San Miguel in El Salvador football, as they have won the second most championships with 3 titles.

15589505199940627084

Q2893060

IsraAid Purpose IsraAID was founded in 2001 with the purpose of bringing together Israeli and Jewish aid organizations with expertise in the fields required to provide humanitarian aid in the wake of a disaster.The organization's stated goal is to "improve and expand international humanitarian assistance activities provided from Israel through cooperation between Israeli aid organizations." Structure and funding IsraAID was founded as an umbrella organization consisting of Jewish and Israeli search and rescue, medical and relief groups that provide aid worldwide to people in need, regardless of race, religion, nationality or disability. Today, it is an independent humanitarian aid agency and has worked on emergency response and long-term development projects in more than 50 countries worldwide. The group's CEOs are Yotam Polizer and Voni Glick, and its global chair is Meira Aboulafia.IsraAID is privately funded by individual Israeli and North American donors as well as by partner organizations like B'nai B'rith. Projects 2004 -- In 2004 Israel sent 150 army doctors and search and rescue teams to tsunami victims in Sri Lanka, but since Sri Lanka declined that offer, Israel instead sent a smaller number of IDF personnel along with an 82-ton planeload of relief supplies, including blankets, food, water, baby food and over nine tons of medicine. The relief effort was coordinated by IsraAID.2005 -- Israel provided tsunami crisis relief for Sri Lanka "spearheaded" by IsraAID. A humanitarian team of 14 medical and logistical personnel was sent to Sri Lanka to help those affected by the tsunami.2007 -- IsraAID sent six doctors and nurses to Peru to assist in rescue efforts and provide medical care after a major earthquake.2007-- Israeli volunteers went to a refugee camp on the Kenyan border to provide relief for Muslim refugees in Somalia. The Jerusalem AIDS Project, an Israeli organization under the umbrella of IsraAID which promotes HIV/AIDS education and prevention, distributed clothes for infants and toddlers. Later they would meet with IsraAID in order to purchase basic medical equipment.2008 -- B'nai B'rith International, one of the founding members of IsraAID and in partnership with IsraAID, provided thousands of meals to an estimated 35,000 Georgian war refugees.2008 -- Israeli aid teams went to Myanmar to help with recovery after a major cyclone. According to the Jerusalem Post:The IsraAID organization, which sends help to foreign countries in need, will be sending to Myanmar a highly trained search-and-rescue team and a 10-member team of doctors and nurses. The teams will bring with them crucial supplies, including plastic sheeting, food, household appliances and water filters.2009 -- IsraAID sent six volunteer doctors, nurses and paramedics to the Philippines to assist Operation Blessing International after two devastating typhoons.2010 -- In response to the earthquake in Haiti, IsraAID sent a 15-person search-and-rescue team, which includes emergency medical staff to Haiti. The IsraAID team set up treatment rooms to treat the injured at the collapsed main hospital in Port-au-Prince, as well as outside the city in a makeshift clinic in a football stadium, and has helped coordinate relief supply logistics. In February, IsraAID opened a child education center in February in the Pétion-Ville refugee camp, the largest refugee camp in Port-au-Prince area, together with other agencies, such as Operation Blessing. The center was set up initially in the tents from the IDF’s field hospital.2012 -- In March 2012, IsraAID helped South Sudan set up its Ministry of Social Development to provide social services to the population after decades of war and hardship.2014 -- In July 2014, IsraAID sent a team to Washington State to help in the recovery effort after the biggest wildfire in Washington State's history that consumed some 400 square miles and approximately 300 homes.2016 - In August 2016, IsraAID sent a 20-member staff of search and rescue, relief and trauma specialists to the site of the August 2016 Central Italy earthquake, becoming the only foreign aid organization on the ground.2019 - In March 2019, IsraAID sent personnel to Mozambique to assist in the recovery from Cyclone Idai. Personnel were prepared to offer medical supplies, relief supplies, and psychological care to people affected by the storm. Personnel were also prepared to help restore access to safe water.

3169290511288319650

Q6697147

Lucien Wulsin III Lucien Wulsin III (September 21, 1916 – August 23, 2009) was a lawyer, entrepreneur, banker, arts advocate, university trustee and erstwhile performer. Birth, education, military and law career Wulsin was born on September 21, 1916, in Cincinnati, Ohio. He died on August 23, 2009, in Boulder, Colorado. He is a descendant of the Baldwin Piano Wulsins of Cincinnati.Wulsin is a graduate of St. Georges School, Harvard College and the University of Virginia Law School. He practiced law with the firm of Kyte, Conlan, Wulsin and Vogeler.Wulsin served in the United States Army in World War II as a First Lieutenant. He fought on the beaches of Normandy, where he earned the Purple Heart. Baldwin Piano Wulsin's grandfather learned the piano business from piano maker Dwight Hamilton Baldwin. After the tenures of his grandfather and father, Wulsin III became president, chairman and CEO of Baldwin Piano Company in 1961. He served in these capacities until 1974, and remained with the company until 1981.¹ During his tenure, Baldwin research contributed to American space flight, a 9-foot concert grand piano was unveiled, and Baldwin stock began trading on the NYSE.Wulsin supported music education and contributed to the American Music Conference. Volunteer After retiring in 1981, Wulsin occupied himself with volunteer activities. In 1981, he became chairman of the Colorado Council on the Arts and Humanities.His obituary in Boulder's Daily Camera states that he was also on the board of the National Council on the Arts and Humanities, and Chairman of the Board of the University of Denver.¹ He also served on the boards of the Colorado Symphony Orchestra, Music Association for Aspen, the National Endowment for the Arts and National Public Radio.In 2002, Wulsin founded the Society for Creative Aging, of which he was Chairman Emeritus until his death. He explained the dramatic increase in his volunteer work after retiring saying: "As you age, you tend to insulate yourself from the world going on around you. I felt as long as I'm active and being part of something larger than myself, I won't close up." ² Naropa Wulsin lived his retirement in Boulder, Colorado, where he served as an original member (1986) of the board of trustees of Naropa University. According to the book American Buddhism, Wulsin helped Naropa to detach from Vajradhatu Society, a Buddhist organization started by Naropa's founder Chogyam Trungpa, helping its institutional accreditation with the North Central Association.The Lucien Wulsin Scholarship in the Performing Arts is awarded to two incoming or returning MFA in Theater or BFA in Performance students at Naropa University.On June 6, 2005, Mr. Wulsin was interviewed as part of the Oral History program at NAMM, established to preserve the history of the music products industry. During his interview he spoke of his family's long history with the Baldwin Piano Company and his passion for the music business. He sought the public school market when home organs emerged as tough competitors to pianos in the 1960s.¹ Honors In 2006, a dance studio at the Nalanda campus of Naropa University was named after him in honor of his 90th birthday. He performed a dance he had choreographed. In June 2007, he was honored with the Minoru Yasui Community Volunteer Award by the University of Virginia Law School. In 2009, The Society for Creative Aging's annual festival was named "2009 Lucien Wulsin Creative Arts Festival" in honor of "one of our pioneers of the creativity and aging movement."¹ In May 2010 The New Republic published a poem in his honor, written by novelist and poet Bruce Ducker. Personal Lucien Wulsin was born into an Episcopalian family and in later years was a fan of Buddhist philosophy, having befriended many Buddhists over the years. He died on August 23, 2009 in his Boulder, CO home. He was one of seven children. Lucien had married three times: Eleanor Tubman Wulsin, Joan Friedlander Fox, and Pamela Wulson.A memorial service was held at the Performing Arts Center at Naropa University in Boulder, CO on August 29, 2009. Children Wulsin is survived by his five children: Lucien Wulsin IV of Los Angeles, CA; Jeanne Bennett of Putney, VT; Harry Wulsin of Palm Beach, FL; Dianne Wulsin of Lillhammer Norway; and Winthrop Wulsin of Lowell, MA. He also had 6 stepchildren, eight grandchildren and two great-grandchildren.He is also survived by several siblings: his brother John Wulsin and two sisters, Peggy (Wulsin) Kite and Betsey (Wulsin) Bennett; and good friend, Sheri Kimball.

7653045472756513307

Q1253606

Joe E. Ross Career Ross was born on March 15, 1914 to Jewish immigrant parents in New York, New York. He dropped out of Seward Park High School at age 16 to become a singing waiter at the Van Cortlandt Inn in the Bronx. When the cafe added a female dancer and singer, Ross was promoted to announcer. He added some jokes and became a comedian.In 1938, he appeared at the Queens Terrace, near Jackson Heights, New York. Jackie Gleason had already been playing there for 16 weeks, and the manager was about to ask Gleason to stay a while longer. Ross heard of the opening, auditioned for it, got the contract, and also stayed 16 weeks. Ross then turned burlesque comic on the Schuster circuit out of Chicago.His career was interrupted by World War II. He served in the United States Army Air Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida, before being stationed in England.Discharged at the war's end, Ross became an announcer-comic at Billy Gray's Band Box in Hollywood. He kept his ties to burlesque, and appeared in Irving Klaw's feature-length theatrical film Teaserama (1955), a re-creation of a burlesque show.In 1955, Ross worked at a nightclub in Miami Beach called Ciro's. He was spotted by Nat Hiken and Phil Silvers, who were planning You'll Never Get Rich (later known as The Phil Silvers Show and sometimes Sgt. Bilko) and loved Ross's comedy skills. Ross was hired on the spot and cast as the mess sergeant, Rupert Ritzik.Ross made Ritzik memorable. Ritzik was henpecked, dumb, and greedy, always an easy mark for Bilko's schemes. Whenever Ritzik had a sudden inspiration, he would hesitate and stammer "Ooh! Ooh!" before articulating his idea. The catch phrase came from the actor's own frustration when he couldn't remember his lines. Silvers would deliberately stray from the scripted dialogue and give Ross the wrong cues, prompting a genuinely confused reaction and an agonized "Ooh! Ooh!" from Ross.After The Phil Silvers Show ended in 1959, Nat Hiken went on to produce Car 54, Where Are You? and cast Joe E. Ross as Patrolman Gunther Toody of New York's 53rd Precinct. Fred Gwynne, another Bilko alumnus, played Toody's partner, Francis Muldoon. Toody could usually be counted on at some point to say "Ooh! Ooh!", or "Do you mind? Do—you—mind?". Ross became so identified with his policeman role that he recorded an album of songs entitled "Love Songs from a Cop". Roulette Records released the LP in 1964. Ross did the voice for Toody for the episode "Car 54" of Hanna-Barbera's Wait Till Your Father Gets Home, in which Toody and Muldoon moonlight running a day care center and one of the children turns up missing.Ross also starred as Gronk in Sherwood Schwartz's ill-fated 1966 sitcom It's About Time, which featured two 1960s American astronauts who were thrown back in time to the prehistoric era.Following the breakup of Allen & Rossi in 1968, Steve Rossi teamed for less than three months with Ross in an act called "Rossi & Ross". Rossi & Ross played once on Ed Sullivan and disbanded in January 1969.Ross also was a prominent cartoon voice into the 1970s, playing the stereotypical bumbling sergeant in many cartoons such as Hong Kong Phooey (as Sgt. Flint) and Help!... It's the Hair Bear Bunch! (as Botch). He also voiced Roll on CB Bears segment Shake, Rattle and Roll. His "Ooh! Ooh!" phrase was emulated by Frank Welker in the animated series Fangface. He was also one of the few white comedians with 1970s label Laff Records, which specialized in African-American comedians and released his album Should Lesbians Be Allowed to Play Pro-Football?. Personal life Ross, who had trouble memorizing his lines, was often known as a difficult person to work with. Co-workers complained that he was continually vulgar, even cursing around children. Others, however, called him "a man of sweet character". Death Ross died of a heart attack on August 13, 1982 while performing in the clubhouse of his apartment building in Los Angeles, The Oakwood Apartments. He was buried in Forest Lawn-Hollywood Hills Cemetery. Jay Leno delivered the eulogy. Ross' gravestone is inscribed with the double entendre "This man had a ball".

16216950657503900283

Q5389216

Erin Sharma Early life Sharma was the daughter of a Army soldier, and moved around frequently during her childhood. She graduated high school a year early, and began working as a corrections officer in Washington in 1997. She married Rajesh "Roger" Sharma, a fellow corrections officer, in 1999. They moved together to Edgefield, South Carolina; where Erin got a job as a corrections officer at FCI Edgefield. When they gave birth to a daughter, they decided to move to Florida to be closer to Erin's mother. Inmate death On February 3, 2005, Richard Allen Delano, a convicted methamphetamine dealer, grabbed Sharma's arm through a food slot, bruising it. She then said to him, "You're a dead man". She received minor first aid treatment and was sent home for the rest of the day.On March 1, Delano, who had a reputation as a snitch,was transferred into a cell with John Javilo "Animal" McCullah, a convicted murderer who had assaulted all of his previous cellmates. Prior to the transfer, witnesses overheard Sharma encouraging McCullah to attack Delano, but to do so on a day when she was not at work.On March 4, while Sharma was on a three-day vacation, Delano was beaten into a coma. He died 13 days later.Sharma was charged with two felony counts of violating Delano's civil rights under color of law for conspiring to have him killed and with violating his Constitutional right not to be subjected to cruel and unusual punishment. Trial At the federal trial in Orlando, the prosecution showed that Sharma and an alleged corrections officer co-conspirator knew that McCullah, who had been placed on special single-cell hold status, was likely to assault Delano.In his opening statement, federal prosecutor Douglas Kern told the jury that putting Delano into a cell with McCullah "was like putting a sheep in a cage with a wolf". Kern described McCullah as a "hugely violent, racist gang member inmate" who was a member of the Aryan Brotherhood prison gang. He described Sharma as the "puppet master," and McCullah as her puppet.FBI Agent James Raby testified about three unrecorded interviews conducted with Sharma following the assault. Raby said Sharma had acknowledged knowing Delano's reputation as a snitch, knowing that McCullah was notoriously violent, and knowing that the shared cell arrangement would "invariably" lead to an assault. He said Sharma had expressed regret about the assault. Various witnesses described Sharma as a vengeful officer who played favorites and hated snitches.When her own turn to testify came, Sharma denied having made the statements that Raby testified to, and denied telling him that she felt "haunted" by the assault. She said her threats were clearly jokes, and that she "treated those inmates almost like they were my kids."On July 29, 2009, the jury found Sharma guilty of both charges. Sentence On October 26, 2009, Senior U.S. District Judge Patricia C. Fawsett sentenced the 33-year-old Sharma to life in federal prison. Fawsett said Delano's death was "an expectable result" of the transfer, and that she "took advantage of her superior position" to gain revenge on Delano. Therefore, Delano's death amounted to second-degree murder. Fawsett also found that Sharma had perjured herself on the witness stand when she disputed Raby's testimony, saying that it ran counter to "the overwhelming evidence" of Sharma's involvement in the crime. The perjury finding qualified Sharma for a two-level obstruction of justice upward departure from the federal sentencing guidelines. Sharma's attorney said he would file an appeal. On August 24, 2010, the Eleventh Circuit of the US Court of Appeals affirmed Sharma's convictions and life sentence.The location where Sharma is serving her sentence is something of a mystery. According to the Federal Bureau of Prisons website, Sharma is assigned to the Residential Reentry Management Field Office in Kansas City, Missouri; she was previously assigned to the RRM field office in Sacramento, California. However, RRMs are not prison facilities, but are merely an administrative designation for inmates assigned to home-confinement, "halfway-houses", or state and county correctional facilities. Since she is serving a life sentence, this designation almost certainly means that she was originally held in a California state prison before being transferred to a Missouri state prison. However, a search of the Missouri Department of Corrections inmate database does not reveal anyone being held under her name, and an earlier search of the California Department of Corrections database did not turn up anyone under her name either. This suggests that she is being held under an alias, which would not be unusual for a former correctional officer.Following the fatal assault, McCullah was temporarily transferred to the United States Penitentiary, Florence ADX, the federal supermax prison in Colorado. After this he was transferred to the Federal Correctional Institution, Victorville, a medium security facility in California. Currently he is serving his sentence in the Special Management Unit at the United States Penitentiary, Terre Haute, Indiana. Second officer During Sharma's trial, Raby testified that Sharma's supervisor, Michael Kennedy, proposed that Delano be transferred into a cell with McCullah, believing that McCullah would give Delano "a good [butt] kicking and head-knocking".On November 2, 2009, the U.S. Justice Department announced that a grand jury had indicted Kennedy on one count of conspiring to violate Delano's federal civil rights and one count of violating his civil rights by arranging for another inmate to assault him.On July 8, 2010, Kennedy was found guilty of both civil rights counts. The jury did not reach a unanimous finding that the violations resulted in Delano's death. Kennedy was sentenced to nine years in federal prison.

16692966203652640855

Q942552

Glottochronology Glottochronology (from Attic Greek γλῶττα "tongue, language" and χρóνος "time") is the part of lexicostatistics dealing with the chronological relationship between languages.The idea was developed by Morris Swadesh under two assumptions: there indeed exists a relatively-stable "basic vocabulary" (referred to as "Swadesh lists") in all languages of the world, and any replacements happen in a way analogous to radioactive decay in a constant percentage per time elapsed.Meanwhile, there are many different methods, partly extensions of the Swadesh method, that are now more and more under the biological assumptions of replacements in genes. However, Swadesh's technique is so well known that for many people, 'glottochronology' refers to his alone. Word list The original method presumed that the core vocabulary of a language is replaced at a constant (or constant average) rate across all languages and cultures and so can be used to measure the passage of time. The process makes use of a list of lexical terms. Lists were compiled by Morris Swadesh and assumed to be resistant against borrowing (originally designed in 1952 as a list of 200 items, but the refined 100-word list in Swadesh (1955) is much more common among modern day linguists). The core vocabulary was designed to encompass concepts common to every human language (such as personal pronouns, body parts, heavenly bodies, verbs of basic actions, numerals 'one' and 'two'), eliminating concepts that are specific to a particular culture or time. It has been found that the ideal is really impossible and that the meaning set may need to be tailored to the languages being compared. Many alternative word lists have been compiled by other linguists and often use fewer meaning slots.The percentage of cognates (words with a common origin) in the word lists is then measured. The larger the percentage of cognates, the more recently the two languages being compared are presumed to have separated. Results Glottochronology was found to work in the case of Indo-European, accounting for 87% of the variance. It is also postulated to work for Hamito-Semitic (or Afro-Asiatic) (Fleming 1973), Chinese (Munro 1978) and Amerind (Stark 1973; Baumhoff and Olmsted 1963). For Amerind, correlations have been obtained with radiocarbon dating and blood groups as well as archaeology.The approach of Gray and Atkinson, as they state, has nothing to do with "glottochronology". Modifications Somewhere in between the original concept of Swadesh and the rejection of glottochronology in its entirety lies the idea that glottochronology as a formal method of linguistic analysis becomes valid with the help of several important modifications. Thus, inhomogeneities in the replacement rate were dealt with by Van der Merwe (1966) by splitting the word list into classes each with their own rate, while Dyen, James and Cole (1967) allowed each meaning to have its own rate. Simultaneous estimation of divergence time and replacement rate was studied by Kruskal, Dyen and Black.Brainard (1970) allowed for chance cognation, and drift effects were introduced by Gleason (1959). Sankoff (1973) suggested introducing a borrowing parameter and allowed synonyms.A combination of the various improvements is given in Sankoff's "Fully Parameterised Lexicostatistics". In 1972, Sankoff in a biological context developed a model of genetic divergence of populations. Embleton (1981) derives a simplified version of that in a linguistic context. She carries out a number of simulations using this which are shown to give good results.Improvements in statistical methodology related to a completely different branch of science, phylogenetics; the study of changes in DNA over time sparked a recent renewed interest. The new methods are more robust than the earlier ones because they calibrate points on the tree with known historical events and smooth the rates of change across them. As such, they no longer require the assumption of a constant rate of change (Gray & Atkinson 2003). Time-depth estimation The McDonald Institute hosted a conference on the issue of time-depth estimation in 2000. The published papers give an idea of the views on glottochronology at that time. They vary from "Why linguists don't do dates" to the one by Starostin discussed above. Note that in the referenced Gray and Atkinson paper, they hold that their methods cannot be called "glottochronology" by confining this term to its original method.

779280512237043302

Q1195069

Stand by Your Man Background and writing "Stand by Your Man" was reportedly written in 1968 at Columbia Recording Studios in Nashville in all of 15 minutes. The song came from an idea that originated with Wynette's producer, Billy Sherrill, who along with Wynette is one of the two writers credited. Tammy was not very fond of the song at first because it was unlike anything she had ever written before, and because there is a high note that was hard for her to sing. She said that, over time, she got to love the song, and came to the point where she "couldn't do a show without it." Sherrill originally stated that, before "Stand by Your Man"'s release, he thought that Wynette's "D-I-V-O-R-C-E" would be Wynette's signature song. However, after witnessing how successful the song came to be in America during that time, Sherrill then agreed that "Stand by Your Man" was definitely Wynette's career-defining hit. Content Derided by the feminist movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s, Wynette in later years defended the song as not a call for women to place themselves second to men, but rather a suggestion that women attempt to overlook their husbands' shortcomings and faults if they truly love them (and in fact, the last line in the final verse says "after all, he's just a man"). Wynette always defended her signature song. The song remained contentious into the early 1990s, when soon-to-be First Lady Hillary Clinton told CBS' 60 Minutes during the "Gennifer Flowers interview" that she "wasn't some little woman 'standing by my man' like Tammy Wynette." The condemnation from the public was immediate, even coming from Wynette herself. In popular culture The song appeared at the beginning of the Academy-Award nominated 1970 film Five Easy Pieces, starring Jack Nicholson and Karen Black. It also appeared in The Blues Brothers (1980) (in which it was sung by Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi), 1987 film The Fourth Protocol, starring Michael Caine and Pierce Brosnan, and at the end of the Academy-Award-winning 1992 film The Crying Game (in which it was sung by Lyle Lovett). The song resurfaced again in a string of other early 1990s films, including My Cousin Vinny (1992), Poetic Justice (1993), Sleepless in Seattle (1993), Four Weddings and a Funeral (1994), and GoldenEye (1995).A 1976 answer song by Ronnie Milsap "(I'm A) Stand by My Woman Man" also topped the country music charts.The song is referenced in songs by British punk rock groups The Slits ("Typical Girls") and The Clash ("Train in Vain")."Stand by Your Man" is the title song of the German comedy show Dittsche.The song appears on the game Karaoke Revolution Country.In 2003, "Stand by Your Man" was rated number one on CMT's 100 Greatest Songs in Country Music. In 2004, "Stand by Your Man" was rated number sixteen on CMT's 100 Greatest Country Love Songs.In 1968, Italian singer Palma Calderoni recorded this song with Italian text, written by Mogol and Claudio Daiano (title is Io voglio te).The song was spoofed on Sesame Street as "Stand By Your Can". It was performed by Hammy Swinette, a porcine parody of Wynette, who—with the help of a Muppet trash can—urges people to put their trash in a trash can.The song was also used during the episode "Hatless" of the first season of Justified.The song also appears in an episode of the popular 2008 show Gossip Girl, where an embarrassing video of Blair Waldorf singing "Stand By Your Man" is played at her 20th birthday party.In 2016, the song appeared in the fourth-season premiere of Masters of Sex where a drunk Virginia Johnson (played by Lizzy Caplan) is shown singing along in a hotel bar."Stand by Your Man" was one of the songs used in the 2018 South Korean television series Something in the Rain starring Son Ye-jin and Jung Hae-in, using the version covered by Italian-French singer and former French First Lady Carla Bruni.On 2018's CMT Artist Of The Year Carrie Underwood with Maddie & Tae and Runaway June performed this song with another women hits country song.

15501423058645229711

Q3264193

Love Monkey Episode 1: "Pilot" Tom gets fired from his job at a record company after making an unwise comment. He then gets dumped by his girlfriend after being told they are not compatible. Meanwhile, he tries his best to convince a new talented singer, Wayne, found in the small town of Monroe, Michigan, to sign with him. Tom eventually gives up on Wayne because he doesn't have enough money to sign him, but at the end of the episode Tom accepts a new job at True Vinyl, a small indie record company, only to find that this company has signed Wayne (largely because Wayne wants to work with Tom). Episode 2: "Nice Package" Tom promises to get Zoe, a famous singer he once represented, to play at a benefit concert, but her label company will not let her even though she wants to do so. Through Tom's efforts and eventual brainstorm, Zoe is partnered with Wayne and the innovative collaboration results in a great new song on YouTube.Meanwhile, Mike and Karen look for a nanny for their child and Shooter gets involved in a new relationship. Episode 3: "Confidence" Wayne is ready to release his first single, and Tom insists that Wayne gets a video too. Although his indie record label has little money, Tom wants to make it happen regardless. The rest of the company convince him to hire Nate, an up-and-coming director fresh off an award at the Sundance Film Festival. Nate has more in mind than just making a video and eventually Tom fires him and he makes his own. Meanwhile, Mike's wife decides to petsit a dog, and both Mike and Karen decide they aren't ready for kids. Bran is in a relationship with her boss, who is horrible at sports. Julia has a quick relationship with Nate, and Jake attempts a new catchphrase for his sports commentary. Episode 4: "The One Who Got Away" Tom must rep his ex-girlfriend's band, and he discovers that they still have feelings for each other. Episode 5: "The Window" Tom has a small window of opportunity to promote the Barbarian Brother's latest album, and a review from Abby Powell could take the band to the next level. However, as the band's rock star lifestyle spins out of control, Abby expresses her feelings for Tom. Tom must find a way to prevent damaging both his career and love life. Meanwhile, Bran's relationship with Scott progresses until a pregnancy scare threatens to derail it. Episode 6: "Opportunity Knocks" When Tom and the guys attend the funeral of Carmine Moretti, the owner of their favorite pizzeria, Tom discovers that Carmine's son Ray is an amazing singer with star potential. However, Ray must now support his family and take over his father's business. Tom must convince Ray not to squander his talent. He wants to sign Ray with the label. But first, Tom needs to convince Jeff that Ray has more potential for greatness than the artist Julia wants to represent. Meanwhile, when Shooter and Mike are mugged, they are both forced to deal with the situation in their own way. Episode 7: "Mything Persons" Singer Gordon Decker cracked under the pressure of the music business years ago and never completed his long-awaited second album. Tom now has the chance to buy Gordon's catalogue, but in order for it to be financially beneficial to True Vinyl, he must get Gordon to record the rest of the album. As Tom meets a beautiful doctor with whom he has a real connection, he must also hunt down the reclusive (yet still brilliant) singer and convince him to give the music business another try. Meanwhile, Bran struggles with the fact that she is dating her boss.End song as performed by Gordon Decker was from an original song by Abandoned Pools, "Maybe Then Someday" from the 2005 album Armed To The Teeth. Episode 8: "Coming Out" On the eve of Wayne's first album release, screaming teenage girls, greedy music executives, and manipulative publicists are all trying to now get a piece of him. Tom is trying to protect Wayne, but Tom's old mammoth label Goliath keeps tempting Wayne and his parents with a lucrative new contract offer. Phil, who works for Goliath, tries to convince Wayne that True Vinyl is too small to take his career to the next level. Phil also offers Tom a new job with his own label under the Goliath umbrella. Meanwhile, Karen and Mike prepare for the birth of their baby, Bran learns whether or not she got the big promotion, Shooter must finally decide if he'll take over the family business, and Jake must choose if wants to face the professional repercussions of coming out. Trivia Several episodes of Love Monkey featured the acting and music/recording studio script input of New York City guitarist and recording engineer Hugh Pool and his recording studio Excello Recording.

6401447943521276542

Q207627

Happy Tree Friends Characters Happy Tree Friends features a variety of characters, each with varying appearances and personalities. However, almost all share identical Pac-Man eyes, boot-shaped feet, buckteeth, and pink heart-shaped noses; characters include Cuddles, a yellow bunny, Giggles, a pink chipmunk, Toothy, a mauve-colored beaver, Lumpy, a blue moose, Petunia, a blue skunk, Handy, an orange beaver with amputated hands, Nutty, a green squirrel, Sniffles, a light blue anteater, Flaky, a red porcupine, Disco Bear, a gold-orange bear, Lifty & Shifty, 2 olive raccoons, Flippy, a green army veteran bear, et al. 1999: Beginning While working on Mondo Media, Rhode Montijo drew on a piece of scrap paper a character who would later become Shifty. He then drew on a spreadsheet poster a yellow rabbit that bore some resemblance to Cuddles and wrote "Resistance is futile" underneath it. Rhode hung the drawing up in his workstation so other people could see his idea, and eventually the idea was pitched to and accepted by the Mondo Media executives. In 1999, Mondo gave Aubrey Ankrum, Rhode Montijo and Kenn Navarro a chance to do a short for them. They came up with a short named Banjo Frenzy, which featured a dinosaur (an earlier version of Lumpy) killing three woodland animals, a squirrel, a rabbit and a beaver (earlier versions of Giggles, Cuddles and Toothy) with a banjo. From there, Mondo gave them their own Internet series, which they named Happy Tree Friends. 2000-present: success After its internet debut in 1999, Happy Tree Friends became an unexpected success, getting over 15 million hits each month and screenings at film festivals.In some countries, the episodes can be seen on television. The series has been reformed into its own show, rather than as a part of a compilation as before.Encouraged by the show's success, its creators have released four DVDs (First Blood, Second Serving, Third Strike and Winter Break) containing the episodes shown on the website and others that have not been released. A collection consisting of the first three DVDs and five bonus episodes, Overkill, has also been released. Two episodes, "Stealing the Spotlight" and "Ski Ya, Wouldn't Wanna Be Ya!", were originally only available in the Happy Tree Friends: Winter Break DVD, but are now on YouTube and the Happy Tree Friends website.Mondo Media CEO John Evershed attributes the success of the series to animator Kenn Navarro. "He had a clear vision for that show and he's just a brilliant animator. He has created something that is pretty universal. I envision kids watching Happy Tree Friends 20 or 30 years from now the same way that they watch Tom and Jerry now. So really it's Kenn Navarro." Television series The Happy Tree Friends television series was first shown at Comic-Con 2006 and some of the episodes were shown on the website a few weeks prior to the show's television premiere, September 25, 2006 at midnight on the G4 Videogame TV network as part of its late-night block, Barbed Wire Biscuit (renamed Midnight Spank) (Web episodes of Happy Tree Friends also aired on the network's animation anthology series Happy Tree Friends and Friends and G4's Late Night Peepshow). Each half-hour episode of the television series contains three seven-minute segments. 13 half-hour episodes were made, making a total of 39 seven-minute episodes. Pictures from the first six episodes can be seen on G4's website. The Canadian channel Razer aired the show in syndication as did the Citytv stations, The Comedy Network and OLN throughout Canada. The show was also broadcast on MTV in Europe and Latin America and on Animax in South Africa. It was also shown on Paramount Comedy 1 in the UK from May 11, 2007 for a short time, with occasional reruns afterward with the channel, now branded as Comedy Central UK. In Asia, the series airs on Comedy Central and FX. A second season began development, but had to be scrapped due to the television series currently off the air and budget problems. Possible Feature film In 2014, after the episode "Dream Job" was released, Mondo Media announced plans to produce a feature film based on the series. The film is apparently in pre-production, but as of 2019, no other information came forward, leading the fans to think that the film is scrapped. In 2016, Kenn Navarro tweeted that he was unaware of work being done on the film, but that his team were "in talk to do more shorts". Later, when a fan asked Kenn Navarro about the film, he replied: ""a treatment that [I] and the writers did was all the work (that [I] know of) for the movie" New episodes In December 2016, Mondo Media released five all-new episodes for purchase online. The episodes were bundled as a set named "Happy Tree Friends: Still Alive" and came with some additional bonus material such as background designs, animated storyboards, the animation process and a writer's session video. Upon purchase, the buyer was allowed to download the DRM free video files to their own computer. In January 2017 Kenn Navarro tweeted "As I understand, sales were ok but fell below what was expected." Fall Out Boy music video In 2007, the Fall Out Boy's music video for their song "The Carpal Tunnel of Love" was directed by Kenn Navarro. All of the characters die the same type of graphic, bloody deaths that are featured in the series. The Fall Out Boy band members also make a cameo as special Happy Tree Friends characters. Video game A video game titled Happy Tree Friends: False Alarm was released on June 25, 2008. It was developed by Stainless Games and Sega for Xbox Live Arcade on the Xbox 360 and the PC. There was also an iOS game titled Happy Tree Friends: Deadeye Derby released in 2014. Spin-offs A spin-off series called Ka-Pow! aired on September 2008. It is about the adventures of four characters (The Mole, Flippy, Splendid and Buddhist Monkey). A total of six episodes have been produced.In 2014, Kenn Navarro created D_Void, a show similar to Happy Tree Friends. So far only 2 episodes have been produced. .

5170338127422931057

Q6790397

Matthew Delicâte College and amateur Born in England, Delicâte grew up in Boncath in Wales, and began his playing career in at the age of 17, playing for Carmarthen Town in the League of Wales during the 1999–2000 season. After scoring a hat-trick on his Carmarthen debut in a 6–1 away win at Haverfordwest County in August 1999, he was a regular scorer until he departed the following April after making 12 league starts when he was awarded a college soccer scholarship at Virginia Commonwealth University.Delicâte played at VCU from 2000 to 2003 where he was CAA Player of the year and a second team All American, holding career records for goals (44) and points (101). In 2000, Delicâte was the only freshman to play in every game, starting 13. He led the team in goals with six and was named to the Nike/ALLTELL Soccer Classic all-tournament team. In 2001, he was a second-team All-CAA selection and led the Rams in goals scored with 11. He ranked third in the CAA in that category and fifth in total points with 22.In 2002, he recorded career highs in goals with (12) and points with (26) en route to being named second team All-Colonial Athletic Association for the second straight year. He also made the All-Virginia second team and ranked second in goals and fifth in points in the CAA. He earned MVP honours at the CAA tournament and was selected to Verizon Academic All-American third team. In 2003 Delicâte led the VCU men's soccer team in scoring with 39 points (15 goals, nine assists), the third highest in school history. He was the 2003 Colonial Athletic Association Player of the Year. Delicâte led the league in scoring as well.Delicâte played for the Richmond Kickers Future of the USL Premier Development League in 2003 and 2004, scoring 25 goals in 34 games and helping them win the PDL Mid-Atlantic division in 2003. Professional Delicâte turned professional in 2004 with the Richmond Kickers in the USL First Division, finishing his debut season as the Kickers second leading scorer with 20 points. Recording the most assists on the team with six, he appeared in 34 games. In 2005, his second season with the Kickers, he led the team in scoring with 12 goals and 2 assists for 26 points. Delicâte recorded more game-winning goals than any other player with four. Delicâte was responsible for 3 of the 4 goals against Rochester during the USL First Division semifinals, leading the team to the championship game.Delicâte left the Kickers when they moved down to the USL Second Division after the 2005 season, and signed with the Rochester Rhinos. In his 2006 season with the Rhinos Delicâte finished the season as their leading scorer with 19 points, placing in the top ten in the league in points and goals. Delicâte started the season off strong in 2007 and was the top scorer on the team before suffering a broken jaw mid-season. He finished the season with 13 points in second place on the team. In 2008 Delicâte finished third in scoring with five goals and three assists for a total of 13 points. He is on the teams all-time scoring list with 19 regular season goals over three seasons.After the 2008 season, Delicâte then had a brief stint with Ebbsfleet United in the English Conference National before returning to the Richmond Kickers for the 2009 season. Delicâte finished the 2009 regular season with 13 goals and two assists for a total of 28 points. He was named the 2009 USL-2 Goal scoring Champion and was also named to the USL-2 All-League First Team and was a finalist for League MVP. Delicâte's goal in the 120th minute of the semifinal game carried the Kickers into the USL-2 championship game which they went on to win 3–1 against the Charlotte Eagles. On 14 January 2010, Richmond announced the re-signing of Delicâte for the 2010 season.On 24 September Delicâte was named on a three-man short list for the 2014 USL PRO MVP award, having finished as the second highest scorer in the league that season.On February 13, 2017, Delicâte announced his retirement from professional soccer. Delicâte made 249 appearances over 10 seasons in Richmond, the Kickers’ all-time leading scorer amassed 113 career goals and 28 career assists.

4758540323592063950

Q708247

Gaius Marius Victorinus Gaius Marius Victorinus (also known as Victorinus Afer; fl. 4th century) was a Roman grammarian, rhetorician and Neoplatonic philosopher. Victorinus was African by birth and experienced the height of his career during the reign of Constantius II. He is also known for translating two of Aristotle's books from ancient Greek into Latin: the Categories and On Interpretation (De Interpretatione). Victorinus had a religious conversion, from being a pagan to a Christian, "at an advanced old age" (c. 355). Life Victorinus, at some unknown point, left Africa for Rome (hence some modern scholars have dubbed him Afer), probably for a teaching position, and had great success in his career, eventually being promoted to the lowest level of the senatorial order. That promotion probably came at the time when he received an honorific statue in the Forum of Trajan in 354 (Jerome supplied biographical information but was not his student). Victorinus' religious conversion from Platonism to Christianity (c. 355), "at an advanced old age" according to Jerome, made a great impression on Augustine of Hippo, as recounted in Book 8 of the latter's Confessions. His conversion is historically important in foreshadowing the conversion of more and more of the traditionally pagan intellectual class, from the gods who in pagan belief had made Rome great.Brought up a Christian, Emperor Julian had converted to a philosophical and mystical form of paganism; and once in power upon the providential death of Constantius II, then Julian attempted to reorganize the highly decentralized pagan cults, on lines analogous to the Christian Church. The emperor, wanting to purge the schools of Christian teachers, published an edict in June 362 mandating that all state appointed professors receive approval from municipal councils (the emperor's accompanying brief indicated his express disapproval of Christians lecturing on the poems of Homer or Virgil with their religion being incongruous with the religion of Homer and Virgil). Victorinus resigned his position as official rhetor of the city of Rome, professor of rhetoric, not an orator. The sprightly old professor kept writing treatises on the Trinity to defend the adequacy of the Nicene Creed's definition of Christ the Son being "of the same substance" (homoousios in Greek) with the Father. After finishing this series of works (begun probably in late 357), he turned his hand to writing commentaries on the Pauline Epistles, the first in Latin. Although it seems from internal references that he wrote commentaries on Romans and the Corinthians letters as well, all that remains are works, with some lacunae, on Galatians, Ephesians, and Philippians (the comments from the first 16 verses of this latter are missing).We are fairly well informed on his previous works, mostly texts for his teaching areas of grammar and rhetoric. His most important works from the standpoint of the history of philosophy were translations of Platonist authors (Plotinus and Porphyry at least), which are unfortunately lost. They greatly moved Augustine and set him on a road of creating a careful synthesis of Christianity and Neoplatonism that was tremendously influential. Victorinus wrote a brief treatise De Definitionibus (On Definition) that lists and discusses various types of definitions used by rhetoricians and philosophers; he recommends the substantial definitions preferred by the latter (prior to the late 19th century this work was ascribed to Boethius). Victorinus' manual of prosody, in four books, taken almost literally from the work of Aelius Aphthonius, still exists. It is doubtful that he is the author of certain other treatises attributed to him on metrical and grammatical subjects. His commentary on Cicero's De Inventione is very diffuse.He retained his Neoplatonic philosophy after becoming Christian, and in Liber de generatione divini Verbi, he states that God is above being, and thus it can even be said that He is not. Victorinus noted, "Since God is the cause of being, it can be said in a certain sense, that God truly is (vere ων), but this expression merely means that being is in God as an effect is in an eminent cause, which contains it though being superior to it." Works Mary T. Clark has identified the following works of Marius Victorinus

4004795442388808490

Q68225134

Norman Dagley Early Career and English Amateur Championship Titles Dagley learned to play billiards from two brothers who were good amateur players, Reg and Jack Wright, in his home village of Earl Shilton. He served in the Korean War whilst on National Service, and once spent a night in a group on a dinghy after the American transport plane that they were on had to ditch. He said that this experience of not knowing what the dawn would bring gave him a perspective on the game: "After that, you don't get worked up over a game of billiards."He was runner-up in the English Amateur Billiards championship in 1963, and from 1964 won the title fifteen times in twenty-one attempts, never again losing in the final. He set many records, including a world and English championship record break of 862 and session average of 116.6 in 1978. In the 1984 final, his average was 147.7. He also enjoyed success in the CIU championships, another major tournament in England, winning the title 11 times between 1964 and 1981. IBSF World Amateur Championship Dagley won the IBSF World Billiards Championship in 1971, defeating Mannie Francisco in the final, and again in 1975, with Michael Ferreira as runner-up. He received a cigarette box from the Mayor of Hinckley to commemorate the second of his world championship wins. He was also runner-up in 1979 to Paul Mifsud and in 1981 to Michael Ferreira.He did not turn professional until the age of 54, and even as a professional, retained his job as the manager of a snooker club in the town of Nuneaton. Professional Career In his first attempt at the World Professional Championship, when the matches were played as the best of five games of 400-up, he proceeded to the 1985 final without losing a game, with 3–0 wins over Jack Fitzmaurice, Jack Karnehm and Robby Foldvari. Dagley finished as runner up to Ray Edmonds 3–1, with most games being close. The game scores (Edmonds first) were 400–395, 307–400, 400–315 and 400–386.The following year, 1986, he beat both Bernard Bennett and Eddie Charlton 3–0, before dropping his first game of the championship in a 3–1 defeat of the previous year's winner Ray Edmonds. In the final, he won the first game against Robby Foldvari but then lost the next three and the match.In 1987, he defeated Robert Close 3–0, Ian Williamson 3–1, and Mark Wildman 3–0 to set up a rematch of the previous years final against Foldvari. This time it was Dagley who lost the first game before going in to win the next three, and the title. Winning the 1987 professional championship meant that Dagley had completed a unique set of titles over his career – English Amateur Champion, World Amateur champion, UK Professional Champion, and Worls Professional Champion. He won £9,500, then the largest prize ever seen in billiards, for the world championship, and with his other successes that season, including the UK and European titles, pocketed almost £20,000 of the nearly £50,000 total prize money on the circuit that season.Dagley retained the title in 1988. With wins over Mike Russell 4–0, H. Griffiths 4–1 and Ian Williamson 4–1. He then defeated Australian veteran Eddie Charlton 7–4 in the final.Aged 61 in 1991, he won the British Open trophy at the Barbican Centre. It was held there as part of the celebrations to mark the bicentenary of the death of the composer Mozart, who was a keen player of billiards.He was married, to Nita. Dagley died in 1998 after suffering severe influenza. He is commemorated with a blue plaque in Earl Shilton, and there is also a street called Norman Dagley Close in the village.

10403267953973757276

Q25048161

Deculturalization Deculturalization in the United States African AmericansThe enslavement of African Americans during the 18th and 19th centuries in the United States is a form of deculturalization. Slavery in the United States made the African Americans dependent on their owners allowing for the owners to exploit them. The owners removed their African names, did not allow them to read, and did not allow them to practice their culture and language. Deculturalization of African Americans stems back to When the African American slaves were forbidden access to education due to fear of a slave revolt against the slaveholders. A series of court cases occurred in the United States helping deculturalization of African Americans as wells as there were cases that went against deculturalization. For example, the addition of the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision, Brown v. Board of Education, Plessy v. Ferguson, and countless others. After the Civil War (United States) segregated education continued and was a struggle to integrate fully and completely. While integration was achieved, the textbooks that the African American students learn from are bias and contain material from the dominant, Anglo-American culture.Latin AmericansThe deculturalization of Latinos can refer back to the Mexican–American War and The Treaty Of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Once the United States won California, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and parts of Wyoming and Colorado Mexicans who were living in these areas were removed from their lands. Their identity in the United States changed constantly from Mexican to White and vice versa until the word Hispanic was created to refer to these Mexican Americans. By simply using the word Hispanic to refer to the Mexican Americans and later the Latin-American immigrants refers to the conqueror's culture-the Spanish culture. Latin@ in the United States also had segregated schooling. In schools they were given second-hand material from the wealthy, Anglo schools. When Latinos were being integrated, they as well as the African Americans, were being taught from bias, Anglo-cultured, Anglo-praising textbooks. Latinos did have a win to have bilingual education. While they were allowed to have bilingual education, the primary, enforced language is the English one. In some schools Latinos were corporally punished for speaking Spanish in the classroom. In some Universities, Latinos were also forced to take many speech classes in order to remove the accents of the Latinos when they spoke English. While that is not seen evidently in schools anymore, the education system continues to enforce English, Anglo-American customs, culture and language as the dominant one.Asian AmericansAsian Americans began to be deculturalized by not being allowed to be naturalized, the Chinese-Exclusion Act, Japanese Internment, forbidding land ownership, and enforcing the Anglo-culture onto them. The Naturalization Act of 1790 did not allow for the Chinese along with other Asians to become naturalized, because the naturalization process was limited only to the Anglo community in the United States. In terms of schooling, in some cases Asian Americans were denied an education entirely. It was not until the 1900s when Asian Americans were allowed to receive an education through the implementation of certain provisions. In 1855, the Chan Yong case fortified that the Chinese are not "white" therefore ineligible for citizenship due to the Naturalization Act of 1790. Also, in 1922, the court case Ozawa v. United States, the Japanese man understood he was not allowed to be naturalized due to the former act, but asked for the Japanese to be considered white, but was denied the request. The Ozawa v. United States shows how some Asians would rather refer to themselves as white than as Japanese or their individual ethnic group, because of the advantages that being "white" bring. The enforced Anglo-American culture upon the Asians and using them during the Cold War as a model minority that the United States is not racist, it is the individual's fault allows for deculturalization to be successful. Jade Snow Wong is a Chinese-American writer who was used by the American government to travel to the Asian world and show how an Asian can succeed in America.Pre-AmericansOnce the first settlement in Jamestown 1607 occurred, the Pre-American deculturalization process began. When the English came to America they looked to the Native Americans as "pagans" and "savages". Native Americans believed that the land was not property, a thing to be claimed and owned. Once the English settlers arrived this was one of the major culture difference that needed to be extinguished. The idea of private property and ownership was enforced upon the Native Americans. While even those who accepted it, because they understood the consequences, their lands were taken away. They wanted to impose the traditional "Christian" nuclear family as well among the Native Americans. In order to gain success the colonists made Native American Educational Programs. Christian missionaries such as John Eliot learned the Native American language in order to convert them into Christianity began the segregation among the "pagans" and the "holy". The Native Americans were exploited. There was a cultural genocide and simply genocide against the Native Americans. From the Trail of Tears to the appropriation of their designs in order to gain capital, corporate gains.

7617246204029092968

Q7071214

Nymwars Nymwars are conflicts over policies mandating that users of Internet services identify themselves using legal names. The term is a neologism and portmanteau composed from (pseudo)nym and wars. The name appears to have gained prominence as the hashtag "#nymwars" on Twitter.Conflicts regarding Google+ began in July 2011 when the social networking site began enforcing its real name only policy by suspending the accounts of users it felt were not following the policy. Pseudonyms, nicknames, and non-standard real names (for example, mononyms or names that include scripts from multiple languages) were suspended. The issue was settled in July 2014 when Google announced that it was ending its real-name policy.A predecessor to the Google+ conflict was Blizzard's RealID, which starting in July 2010, exposes the name on the player's credit card, and is mandatory to use some game features (cross-game chat) and was nearly made mandatory to post on discussion forums.These issues have existed since the beginning of online identity, and are related to the alleged online disinhibition effect. The resulting discussions have raised many issues regarding naming, cultural sensitivity, public and private identity, privacy, and the role of social media in modern discourse. The debate has been covered widely in the press including Wired, The Atlantic, and The New York Times. Google Google Plus was launched in late June 2011. At the time of launch, the site's user content and conduct policy stated, "To help fight spam and prevent fake profiles, use the name your friends, family or co-workers usually call you." Many users signed up using nicknames, handles, stage names, or other names by which they were commonly known, but which did not necessarily match the name on their government-issued ID.The first suspensions for name-related reasons occurred in July 2011, and included Limor Fried's account which included the name "LadyAda" (by which she is widely known), nerdcore rapper Doctor Popular, and LA Weekly and Los Angeles Times columnist A.V. Flox. Account suspensions over the following weeks included those who were using nicknames, handles, and pseudonyms; those whose legal names were unusual, including mononymous users; and some users who Google mistakenly believed were impersonating famous individuals, such as Facebook employee and Mozilla founder Blake Ross, and actor William Shatner.Awareness of the issue grew rapidly, via Twitter, Google+ itself, and a variety of media outlets. By early August, the Electronic Frontier Foundation had posted "A Case for Pseudonymity" in response to the issue.Google initially responded on 25 July when vice president Bradley Horowitz promised improvements to the suspension and enforcement process. On 17 August, Google implemented a "grace period" before suspension, and on 19 August, a "verified account" program for celebrities and high-profile users.On 19 October 2011, at the Web 2.0 Summit, Google executive Vic Gundotra revealed that Google+ would begin supporting pseudonyms and other types of identity within a few months. However, as of the 16 October 2012 policy documents, Google still required that participants "Use your common first and last name" adding "our Name Policy may not be for everyone at this time."On 15 July 2014, Google indicated that the real-name policy was being ended, announcing that "Over the years, as Google+ grew and its community became established, we steadily opened up this policy, from allowing +Page owners to use any name of their choosing to letting YouTube users bring their usernames into Google+. Today, we are taking the last step: there are no more restrictions on what name you can use." Expired Google policy Google's official support page described their real-names policy, which has since been abandoned:Google+ makes connecting with people on the web more like connecting with people in the real world. Because of this, it’s important to use your common name so that the people you want to connect with can find you. Your common name is the name your friends, family or co-workers usually call you. For example, if your legal name is Charles Jones Jr. but you normally use Chuck Jones or Junior Jones, any of these would be acceptable— Google+ Naming PolicyGoogle offers support and assistance to anyone whose profile has been suspended, including an appeal process, and a referral to their Content Policy. If an account is suspended, users will not be able to access Google services that require active profiles, such as Buzz, Reader, and Picasa. They will, however, be able to access other Google services such as Gmail.Google suggested that their naming policy may not have been for everyone, and recommended if a user chooses not to comply, to make a copy of their Google+ data, and leave. Google's previous stance A Google support worker has stated:Google Profiles is a product that works best in the identified state. This way you can be certain you’re connecting with the right person, and others will have confidence knowing that there is someone real behind the profile they’re checking out. For this reason, Google Profiles requires you to use the name that you commonly go by in daily life.In August 2011, Google CEO Eric Schmidt was quoted as stating that Google+ was intended as an identity management service more than as a social network, and that the use of real names would be necessary for other planned Google products based on this service. He also asserted that "the Internet will work better if people know that you're a real person rather than a fake person".Google vice president Bradley Horowitz (in a Google+ post on 24 January 2012) announced that Google is updating its policy "to broaden support for established pseudonyms". However, the updated policy has been criticized for being too vague concerning what is an "established" pseudonym, and insufficiently flexible to protect online privacy. Facebook Facebook has always had a "real name" policy but enforcement has traditionally been sporadic and usually dependent on reports by users.In November 2011, Facebook suspended Salman Rushdie's account, and then reinstated it under his little-used first name Ahmed, before backing down and restoring it to his preferred name.In the fall of 2014, Facebook began requiring drag performers to change their Facebook identities to their legal names, notably including performer Sister Roma. This is reported to be the work of a single person systematically reporting them. U.S. Department of Justice In November 2011 the United States Department of Justice said that it wants to retain the ability under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act to prosecute people who provide false information online with the intent to harm others. This statement, coming as it did shortly after the Google+ and Facebook actions, raised fears that web users could face criminal prosecution for using pseudonyms. The Justice Department said it would use that power only in select cases, such as a case in 2011 where it prosecuted a woman who used a MySpace account under a fake name to bully a 13-year-old girl who eventually committed suicide.

18301180449646022833

Q1493422

Gangaji Gangaji (/ˈɡɑːŋɡədʒi/ GAHNG-gə-jee; born Texas, 1942) is an American born spiritual teacher and author. She lives in Ashland, Oregon, with her husband, fellow spiritual teacher Eli Jaxon-Bear. Early life Gangaji was born Merle Antoinette Roberson (Toni) in Texas on June 11, 1942, and grew up in Mississippi. After graduating from the University of Mississippi she and her young family moved to San Francisco. After a divorce she sought to change her life via political activism and spiritual practice. She took Buddhist Bodhisattva vows, practiced Zen and Vipassana meditation, helped in a Tibetan-Buddhist-style meditation center, and began a career as an acupuncturist in the San Francisco Bay area.Unfulfilled by her seemingly successful life, in 1989 she and Eli Jaxon-Bear moved to Hawaii. Papaji At this time she met Andrew Cohen, a spiritual teacher and student of Sri H.W.L. Poonja, also known as Papaji. Impressed by Cohen’s "enormous confidence", she returned to California to sit with him for two months. In the meantime, Eli, who had become her second husband, met Papaji in India. Struck by the letters she received from Eli, Gangaji herself traveled to Lucknow, India to meet Papaji in 1990. In her autobiography Just Like You she wrote, "The extraordinary event in this life was that I met Papaji. Until then I looked everywhere for the transcendental or the extraordinary, but after meeting Papaji I began to find the extraordinary in every moment." Papaji gave her the name Gangaji, and asked her to share what she had directly realized with others. Teaching Gangaji currently writes and tours as a teacher. She holds that the truth of who you are is already free and at peace, which can be realized simply by ending one’s search."I invite people to just stop and be still. And in that you discover who you are, because once you discover who you are, you can stop fragmenting into pieces. I know that in any one day there are moments where there is nothing going on, but we link up what is happening from thought to thought without any space. We overlook the spaciousness that it is all happening in."Gangaji uses a personal form of inquiry to aid in the realization of 'direct experience':"I use inquiry as a way of getting the mind to turn inward to the silence. It could be the question, "Who am I?" Or it could be "What am I avoiding in this moment?" Or, "Where is silence?" "What is needed in this moment, right in this very moment, what is needed for true peace?" "What is needed if this was my last moment on earth?" Rather than sending the mind outward to gather information or experiences, it is really sending the mind inward to question our basic assumption of who we think we are."In facing strong emotions such as fear and anger, or in dealing with traumas which keep people locked in personal misery and unable to experience freedom, Gangaji teaches "direct experience," or meeting whatever emotion is present. For example, she says, "Fear is about survival. When you drop under that and experience the fear without trying to change it, just letting it be, then it becomes still. When you open your heart to fear, rather than trying to fight it or deny it or even overcome it, then you find it is just energy." Gangaji Foundation Since 1993 Gangaji’s work has been supported by The Gangaji Foundation, a non-profit headquartered in Ashland, Oregon. Its mission statement states: "The Gangaji Foundation serves the truth of universal consciousness, and the potential for the individual and collective recognition of peace inherent in the core of all being. It is the purpose of the Gangaji Foundation to forthrightly and respectfully present the teaching and transmission of Gangaji.The Gangaji Foundation produces events, publishes books and videos, hosts a website and runs several outreach programs including a prison program. Relationship In October 2005, Gangaji's husband, Eli Jaxon-Bear, admitted to Gangaji that he had had a three-year affair with an adult female student and executive director of his organization, the Leela Foundation. After a brief separation, Gangaji and her husband reconciled their marriage in December 2005. At the student’s request, the information about the affair was not made public at that time. In January 2006, Gangaji and her husband merged their foundations, continuing to teach together and separately.In October 2006, Jaxon-Bear disclosed his extramarital relationship to the Gangaji Foundation's board of directors and staff. For a time Jaxon-Bear stopped teaching. Both he and the Gangaji Foundation held open meetings with the stated purpose to heal whatever wounds may have been experienced in their spiritual community. In addition Gangaji, and eventually she and her husband, held retreats on the subjects of disillusionment, betrayal, and relationship.In 2007 Jaxon-Bear was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, a severe form of blood cancer. After undergoing extensive treatment he made a partial recovery. In January 2008, he reestablished the Leela Foundation and resumed teaching on his own and with Gangaji.

12389863989971090289

Q336230

Orthrus In Greek mythology, Orthrus (Greek: Ὄρθρος, Orthros) or Orthus (Greek: Ὄρθος, Orthos) was, according to the mythographer Apollodorus, a two-headed dog who guarded Geryon's cattle and was killed by Heracles. He was the offspring of the monsters Echidna and Typhon, and the brother of Cerberus, who was also a multi-headed guard dog. Name His name is given as either "Orthrus" (Ὄρθρος) or "Orthus" (Ὄρθος). For example, Hesiod, the oldest source, calls the hound "Orthus", while Apollodorus calls him "Orthrus". Mythology According to Hesiod, Orthrus was the father of the Sphinx and the Nemean Lion, though who Hesiod meant as the mother, whether Echidna, the Chimera, or Ceto, is unclear.Orthrus and his master Eurytion were charged with guarding the three-headed, or three-bodied giant Geryon's herd of red cattle in the "sunset" land of Erytheia ("red one"), an island in the far west of the Mediterranean. Heracles killed Orthrus, and later slew Eurytion and Geryon before taking the red cattle to complete his tenth labor. According to Apollodorus Heracles killed Orthrus with his club, although in art Orthrus is sometimes depicted pierced by arrows.The poet Pindar refers to the "hounds of Geryon" trembling before Heracles. Pindar's use of the plural "hounds" in connection with Geryon is unique. He may have used the plural because Orthus had multiple heads, or perhaps because he knew a tradition in which Geryon had more than one dog. In art Depictions of Orthrus in art are rare, and always in connection with the theft of Geryon's cattle by Heracles. He is usually shown dead or dying, sometimes pierced by one or more arrows.The earliest depiction of Orthrus is found on a late seventh-century bronze horse pectoral from Samos (Samos B2518). It shows a two-headed Orthrus, with an arrow protruding from one of his heads, crouching at the feet, and in front of Geryon. Orthrus is facing Heracles, who stands to the left, wearing his characteristic lion-skin, fighting Geryon to the right.A red-figure cup by Euphronios from Vulci c. 550–500 BC (Munich 2620) shows a two-headed Orthrus lying belly-up, with an arrow piercing his chest, and his snake tail still writhing behind him. Heracles is on the left, wearing his lion-skin, fighting a three-bodied Geryon to the right. An Attic black-figure neck amphora, by the Swing Painter c. 550–500 BC (Cab. Med. 223), shows a two-headed Orthrus, at the feet of a three-bodied Geryon, with two arrows protruding through one of his heads, and a dog tail.According to Apollodorus, Orthrus had two heads, however in art, the number varies. As in the Samos pectoral, Euphronios' cup, and the Swing Painter's, amphora, Orthrus is usually depicted with two heads, although, from the mid sixth century, he is sometimes depicted with only one head, while one early fifth century BC Cypriot stone relief gives him three heads, á la Cerberus.The Euphronios cup, and the stone relief depict Orthrus, like Cerberus, with a snake tail, though usually he is shown with a dog tail, as in the Swing Painter's amphora. Similarities with Cerberus Orthrus bears a close resemblance to Cerberus, the hound of Hades. The classical scholar Arthur Bernard Cook called Orthrus Cerberus' "doublet". According to Hesiod, Cerberus, like Orthrus was the offspring of Echidna and Typhon. And like Orthrus, Cerberus was multi-headed. The earliest accounts gave Cerberus fifty, or even one hundred heads, though in literature three heads for Cerberus became the standard. However, in art, often only two heads for Cerberus are shown. Cerberus was also usually depicted with a snake tail, just as Orthrus was sometimes. Both became guard dogs, with Cerberus guarding the gates of Hades, and both were overcome by Heracles in one of his labours.

4215131798271823984

Q393532

Hambach an der Weinstraße Position Hambach is located in the Anterior Palatinate on the eastern slope of the Haardt and on the west side of the Upper Rhine Plain, approximately 150 to 300 m above NHN; the old townhall has an altitude of 182 m. The central city of Neustadt an der Weinstraße joins in the North-East and the Diedesfeld district is located in the South. Climate Because it is situated on a hillside on the edge of the lowlands, there is a mild Climate. Cold airmasses, which appear during spring nights and cause late frosts, float down the slopes into the valley and flow into the level country. The western elevations Häuselberg, Heidelberg and Schlossberg, which are parts of the Haart, keep away the majority of the precipitation. History The Römerweg (the lower part of which is called Dammstraße) was falsely believed to be the old Roman connection between Straßburg and Mainz. Instead, it ran east of the hills of the Weinstraße through the level country. The term "Hantio", referring to Roman cores of settlement, did not enter any later documents. The name "Hambach" derives from the Franconian word "Haganbach", which was first mentioned in a document in 865 and refers to a stream ("Bach"), which has its source in a sparse forest ("Hag"). The "Hambach", a stream originating at the northern foot of the 379.2 m high Schlossberg and flowing east through "Mittelhambach", is most likely responsible for the naming of the village.The northern route of the Palatine Ways of St. James, which was part of the historical pilgrim route to Santiago de Compostella, lead through Hambach. The three former local areas "Ober-", "Mittel-" and "Unterhambach" are named after their altitude and have been united for a long time. Unterhambach is often equated with its most significant street, the "Andergasse" (Palatine German "anner Gass", meaning "andere Gasse" in German or "other alley" in English).The most significant event in the history of the village was the enunciation of freedom, which took place at the Hambach Castle in 1832 and is known as the Hambach Festival.The village's independence ended with the amalgamation into the town Neustadt an der Weinstraße on 7 June 1969. An anew breakup, like it was desired shortly after the unification, is not pursued anymore. Town Advisory Committee The town's advisory committee consists of 15 members and is chaired by municipal administrator Gerda Bolz. Coat of Arms The former coat of arms depicts a downfacing silver horseshoe with a toe cap and seven rectangular nail holes on a green background. Landmarks Hambach has more than three areas with over a hundred individual buildings which are under conservation. Hambach Castle is located on the Schlossberg, looking down on the town. It is also known under its former name "Kästenburg" (from the Palatine "Keschde", meaning chestnut tree, which grow on the Schlossberg) and "Maxburg" (since 1842, named after the former Bavarian King Maximilian II of Bavaria). The fortified church in Oberhambach dates back to the Middle Ages, as does the castle. The old town hall was built in 1739 by the prince-bishop Damian Hugo Philipp von Schönborn, cardinal and knight of the Teutonic Order, in 1739. The episcopal forestry lodge is located in Unterhambach. The village's many fountains are well worth visiting. Regular Events Andergasser FestivalThe annual Andergasser Fest is one of the biggest wine festivals of the Palatinate and takes place at the beginning of May. The name of the festival derives from the Andergasse, which is in fact the road on which the festival takes place. Hambach Castle can be seen from the western end of the street.The Andergasser Fest begins with the setting up of the maypole in the Obergasse as well as the so-called "Küfer" dance by the local winegrowers. Local restaurants offer local wines and regional specialities of the Palatinate cuisine such as Rotisserie, homemade smoked ham or „Flääschknepp“, which are broth-cooked meatballs with horseradish.Hambach Black-Red-Gold (Hambach Schwarz-Rot-Gold)As a follow-up event to Hambach's Brunnen- und Gässelkerwe (from German Kerwe, meaning "parish fair"), the wine festival Hambach schwarz-rot-gold (Hambach black-red-gold) has been celebrated on the second weekend of June since 2012. The name of the festival is a reference to the Hambach Festival of 1832, in which the current German flag was carried along and which is considered the starting point of the German democratic movement. The festival was named Wine Festival of the Year 2013 by the Palatinate wine advertisers in 2013.Other EventsThe Jakobus-Kerwe ("James parish fair") (last week-end of July), CuliVino (Whit Saturday and Whit Sunday) and the year-round Events of the Hambach Castle are also popular events. Economy The convenient climate conditions enable the cultivation of high-quality wines. The vineyard locations of Hambach are Feuer, Kaiserstuhl, Kirchberg, Römerbrunnen and Schlossberg. The plants are not only sold worldwide, but can also be savoured at local wineries, taverns and restaurants.Besides sweet chestnuts, almonds, figs and citrus fruits grow in the region. The Schlossberg especially strikes one with the light green foliage of its sweet chestnut trees (which represent 80% of the tree population) in early spring.Hambach is an officially recognised resort and has a large heated lido on its eastern edge. Demographic Development With over 5000 inhabitants, Hambach is Neustadt's largest town. It had 5531 inhabitants in June 2011, and 5288 in January 2012. Being situated on a hillside, it already had a reputation of being a quality residential suburb of Neustadt before the amalgamation. Particularly the Römerweg is a popular residential area. Traffic Hambach is connected to the A 65 (interchange 13/Neustadt-Süd), which goes to Ludwigshafen and Karlsruhe as well as to the former B 38 (L 516 today) and the German wine route(also called "Weinstraße"), which crosses the village and leads North to Neustadt. In a southern direction, the German wine route reaches Diedesfeld after 1 km.

16609343409022519211

Q4666447

Abe Walsh Biography Born Abraham Edward Deffenbaugh to Joseph Deffenbaugh, a carpenter and sometime fishing guide, and Anne Walsh Deffenbaugh, a restaurateur, Walsh was raised in Portland, Oregon. He has one sister, Jubilee Deffenbaugh Vigna, born in Portland in 1975.After graduating from the University of Oregon with a degree in Political Science, Walsh accepted an Assistant Editor position with Petersen's Hunting Magazine in Los Angeles, California. He was chiefly responsible for writing feature articles, as well as editing freelance author-submitted manuscripts for inclusion in the magazine. At the time, Petersen's Hunting Magazine was widely considered the premiere hunting-exclusive enthusiast publication with an average monthly circulation of 400,000 paid subscribers. Walsh was promoted to Senior Editor in 1996 and became a frequent contributor to other Petersen titles including Guns & Ammo and Petersen's Bowhunting magazine.In 1997, Walsh was hired by Remington Arms Company to lead the PR department. He was often the voice of the firearms industry in a time of heated debate over gun violence, school shootings and subsequent legislative efforts to limit firearm ownership. He debated Nina Totenberg of National Public Radio's All Things Considered on the issue of firearms ownership in 1998. During his tenure, Walsh launched Remington Country magazine and Remington Country Television. Walsh left Remington in 1998 to launch a magazine consulting career and launched Cabela's Outfitter Journal and Mossy Oak Hunting the Country Magazine.Walsh was then hired by the National Rifle Association Publication division as Group Publisher, overseeing the production of their five member-only monthly titles: American Rifleman, American Hunter, America's First Freedom, Shooting Sports USA, and NRA InSights. In 2001, Walsh launched Shooting Illustrated and Women's Outlook magazines, as well as American Hunter and American Rifleman television programs.Walsh left the National Rifle Association in 2003 to pursue a career as a financial planner, and is the President of The Walsh Financial Group in Winchester, Virginia. He still writes in a freelance capacity for the NRA publications, as well as the Boone and Crockett Club's Fair Chase publication.He is a compulsive liar and sociopath with narcissistic tendencies. He is a serial abuser of women and children, and despite his charisma, does not maintain this charming exterior when he abuses his wives and children.Walsh sees himself as an excellent father, another testament to his lying abilities. Published works Walsh's byline has appeared over 700 times in the following publications: Guns & Ammo, Petersen's Hunting, Petersen's Bowhunting, Bow & Arrow, North American Sportsman, Texas Trophy Hunter, Remington Country, Mossy Oak's Hunting the Country, Southern Sportsman Journal, American Hunter, American Rifleman, Shooting Sports USA, Fair Chase, Montana Fish & Game Journal, NRA InSights, Shooting Illustrated, Combat Handguns, South Dakota Conservation Digest, Archery Business, Bowhunting World, Cabela's Outfitter Journal, Predator Xtreme, Whitetail Journal, Knight & Hale's Ultimate Team Hunting and Rifle.In addition to published magazine works, Walsh has also contributed on a number of outdoor-related television scripts, including wildlife bioptics for the award-winning Big Game Profiles series airing on The Outdoor Channel. Walsh has contributed to several book projects, including Mossy Oak's Hunting the Country: Adventures of the Camo Cameras and Deer Management 101: Manage Your Way to Better Hunting by Dr. Grant Woods.Throughout the 90s and as late as 2006, Walsh appeared on several television programs as an on-camera personality. He has been featured on Mossy Oak's Hunting the Country, Mossy Oak Classics, Remington Country Television, American Hunter, and American Rifleman, and he has appeared on ESPN, ESPN2, TNN and The Outdoor Channel. Walsh can still be seen in syndicated re-runs of many of these episodes, as well as in on-line broadcasts.His work has been cited in the Wall Street Journal in addition to countless local, regional and national newspapers. Pen Names Walsh has written under several names, including Abe Deffenbaugh and A.E. Walsh. (Walsh legally adopted the name Walsh in 1999 to pay homage to his ailing grandfather.) Hunting Accomplishments In addition to being a published author, Walsh is a big-game hunter. Walsh has harvested over 20 species of trophy-class big-game in North America and 10 species in Africa, Europe and South America. In recent years his focus has been on dangerous game. He holds numerous positions in big-game record books, and at one time held Top-Ten Records for Columbia whitetail (Odocoileus virginianus leucurus), Roosvelt sable (Hippotragus niger roosevelti), and Kafue Flats lechwe (Kobus l. leche). Walsh is primarily an archery hunter, but does pursue game with both rifle and muzzleloading rifle on occasion.

13085699887425001194

Q20926174

Dil Ki Nazar Se Khoobsurat Plot summary Rahul and Madhav are childhood friends. As kids, Rahul enjoys success over Madhav who is average looking compared to the former. Aradhya, a beautiful girl, is a young girl who thinks she is beautiful and deserves to be with a Prince Charming once she grows up.Art a school play, Rahul is selected as a prince over the more deserving Madhav but runs away on the final day. Madhav is asked to step in and an unsuspecting Aradhya calls him "Brown Boo" on stage and asks for her white prince. This experience leaves Madhav ashamed and he develops an inferiority complex. 15 years later Aradhya has grown up to be a beautiful woman. Rahul now owns a radio station named 93.6 Jhankar Beats and Madhav manages their radio station.Aradhya and her friends are given the job to select a nice photo of their principal, Bharti Periwal, for a felicitation ceremony. They use Photoshop to make her look younger and more attractive but the move backfires. A scared Aradhya escapes the Principal's anger. Her sister advises her to take advice from the famous RJ Ehsaas. Aradhya instantly likes his voice and ideas. Aradhya vows to thank Ehsaas, whose real identity is a secret. It is later revealed that Madhav is RJ Ehsaas.A series of events lead Aradhya to finally organise a meeting with Ehsaas on the pretext of giving him the recording of a rare song and a misunderstanding leads Aradhya to assume Rahul is RJ Ehsaas. Madhav furthers this misunderstanding and unknowingly Rahul goes ahead with the plan. Aradhya and Rahul's wedding is fixed but Rahul finds out the truth and confirming that Aradhya loves Ehsaas, he has Madhav marry Aradhya without disclosing this to Aradhya or their families. A shattered Madhav realising Aradhya didn't know he was Ehsaas decides to divorce her after a few months. However, Aradhya gradually falls in love with him and they decide to stay together. Meanwhile, Rahul falls in love with Madhav's sister Prerna who starts working him at the radio station. Soon, Aradhya becomes pregnant. As she goes into labour, Madhav dies in an accident. Soon after, Dr. Shekhar delivers her baby boy who also dies. At the same time Shekhar's wife delivers a boy and dies in child birth. A disheartened Shekhar decides to swap the babies to give Madhav's family and Aradhya a chance at happiness and decides to move away. Aradhya names the boy Ehsaas. 5 years later Aradhya has become an RJ keeping RJ Ehsaas' show alive and has been successfully managing the radio station. She is shown to have been trying to get in touch with Shekhar to thank him for delivering her baby but he has not been touch with them since Ehsaas was born. She finds hi back in town but he has become an arrogant doctor and behaves coldly towards her. Finally, he meets his son Ehsaas and they start connecting as Shekhar and Aradhya become friends. Meanwhile, Aradhya is constantly harassed by her business competitor Mr. Sandhu who wants to shut down her radio station.As Ehsaas starts seeing Shekhar as a father figure, Bharti starts fearing he is getting too close to Aradhya and Ehsaas, Bharti develops an insecurity and is opposed to any suggestions of getting Aradhya remarried. She soon finds out that Shekhar is Ehsaas' biological father but decides to keep it from the family. When she files a false police complaint against Shekhar for trying to kidnap Ehsaas, he is forced to admit the truth before everyone. Realising Shekhar's sacrifice, a heartbroken Aradhya decides to drop Ehsaas off at his place but they are abducted on the way by Mr. Sandhu. Shekhar finds them and saves them. Eventually, Madhav's grandmother and Prerna convince Bharti that it is in the best interests of both Aradhya and Ehsaas to have Aradhya marry Shekhar and Bharti agrees. Aradhya and Shekhar marry as the family celebrates.

6160324692566221421

Q457484

Raemon Sluiter Junior career Sluiter excelled as a junior and won the Boys' Doubles title at the 1995 French Open, alongside compatriot Peter Wessels. The pair also reached the final of the 1995 US Open Junior. Professional career Sluiter turned professional in 1996, and broke into the ATP top 100 for the first time in 2000. In the same year, Sluiter qualified for his first Grand Slam tournament at the 2000 Australian Open, where he defeated Andrea Gaudenzi in five sets in the first round for his first Grand Slam victory. In the second round, he was defeated by 16th seed Mark Philippoussis in four sets. At the 2000 Energis Dutch Open, Sluiter reached his first ATP final on home soil, where he was defeated by the veteran Magnus Gustafsson.In 2001, Sluiter achieved his best result at a Grand Slam tournament, by reaching the third round at Wimbledon, where he lost to Arnaud Clément in a closely contested four-set match. He equalled this achievement at the French Open in 2004 and 2006, losing to Carlos Moyá and Martín Vassallo Argüello, respectively.Sluiter was part of the Netherlands team which reached the semi-finals of the 2001 Davis Cup. In his only rubber of the tie, Sluiter faced a rematch against Arnaud Clément, who had defeated him at that year's Wimbledon, but was forced to retire while leading 2–1 in the third set. The Dutch team went on to lose the tie 3–2.Sluiter's greatest scalp at a Grand Slam tournament came at the 2003 Wimbledon Championships, where he defeated former world No. 1 Yevgeny Kafelnikov in five sets in the first round. In the following round, he lost to Alexander Popp in another five-set match. That year also saw Sluiter reach his career high singles ranking of world No. 46.On 20 November 2006, Sluiter dropped out of the top 100 for the last time, but continued to be ranked in the top 200 until his retirement in 2008. Sluiter's final tournament was to be the 2008 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament in his hometown of Rotterdam. Having received a wild card into the main draw of the tournament, Sluiter was defeated by eventual champion Michaël Llodra in the first round.In 2009, Sluiter made a comeback to professional tennis. In June, he received a wild card to the 2009 Ordina Open in Rosmalen. Despite being ranked 866th in the world at the time, Sluiter reached the final of the tournament, where he was defeated by Benjamin Becker. This made him the lowest ranked player ever to reach an ATP tour final. Sluiter announced his second retirement in 2010.During his lengthy career, Sluiter reached four ATP World Tour finals, all in his native Netherlands. In addition to his final appearances in Amsterdam and Rosmalen, Sleuter reached finals in Rotterdam and Amersfoort in 2003, losing on both occasions. Despite his limited success on the main ATP circuit, Sluiter won 10 ATP Challenger Tour titles during his career.Though a singles specialist, Sluiter was also an occasional doubles player. Partnering Martin Verkerk, he reached two doubles finals during his career, in Tashkent in 2002 and Delray Beach in 2003, losing both finals. In 2003 he reached his career high doubles ranking of world No. 97. Coaching career After retiring from his playing career, Sluiter became a coach. Since 2015, he has been coaching Dutch player Kiki Bertens. In 2016, Bertens reached the semi-final of the French Open. Personal life Sluiter was born in Rotterdam. His father, Fred, was a caretaker at his former school and his mother, Cisca, worked as a part-time cleaner. He is a supporter of his local football team, Feyenoord, and during the 2003–04 season he was the club's official ambassador. He also enjoys snooker and is a fan of the band Pearl Jam. His girlfriend is former field hockey player Fatima Moreira de Melo.

3458074560503818119

Q2750641

Harry Leland Publication history Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist/co-writer John Byrne, Leland first appeared in Uncanny X-Men #132 (April 1980).Artist John Byrne based Leland's appearance on actor-director Orson Welles, and the name refers to two characters in Welles' films: Harry Lime from The Third Man, and Jed Leland from Citizen Kane.The character subsequently appears in The Uncanny X-Men #132-135 (April–July 1980), #152 (December 1981), and #208-209 (August–September 1986), in which he died. Leland made subsequent posthumous appearances in Classic X-Men #7 (March 1987), Sensational She-Hulk #34-35 (December 1991-January 1992), Marvel Super-Heroes #11 (October 1992), Generation X #-1 (July 1997), X-Men: Hellfire Club #4 (April 2000), X-Men Unlimited #6 (February 2005), and House of M: Avengers#5 (2008). Hellfire Club Little is known of Leland's past before encountering the X-Men, although he did encounter former teammate, Emma Frost, before she was inducted into the Hellfire Club. At the time, Emma was homeless and using her powers during a Hellfire Club meeting to gain information about stocks. Leland takes an interest in her but comes on too strongly, and Emma runs away. Shortly after, he accompanies Sean Cassidy and his NYPD partner to an incident behind the club which involves Emma. Emma, having met and repaired the fractured mind of the Dark Beast with her powers, mind-wipes all three men into forgetting the incident and that they had ever met.Leland encounters the X-Men when they invade the New York headquarters of the Hellfire Club. Leland causes Wolverine to become increasingly heavy until he falls through the floor into a sub-basement. In the rematch, Wolverine attacks Leland from above. Leland panics and uses his mass-increasing powers, resulting in Wolverine crashing through the floor again, this time with Leland beneath him. Leland is hospitalized as a result. When the Hellfire Club again captures the X-Men weeks later, Leland takes revenge by using his power on Wolverine until his heart gives out, though his rival's death proves to be a temporary state induced by Amanda Sefton.Alongside the Hellfire Club, Leland battles the X-Men in New York's Central Park. When Nimrod attacks the assembled mutants, the X-Men and the Club join forces to battle Nimrod. Leland increases Nimrod's mass to make it more vulnerable to attack. Overweight and in poor health, the effort triggers a heart attack. At Storm's urging, Leland increases the mass of Sebastian Shaw (who had been sent hurtling towards outer space), causing Shaw to crash into Nimrod. Leland succumbs to his heart condition and dies. X-Humed The supervillain Black Talon revives Leland's body as a zombie, and sets him and other undead mutants (Changeling, Living Diamond, and Scaleface) against She-Hulk. She defeats them, and Leland is reburied, with precautions are taken to ensure that he never will come back, among them filling his mouth with salt and sewing his lips together. Necrosha Despite the precautions made to prevent Leland's body from coming back as a zombie, the psychic vampire Selene revives Leland with the use of a modified version of the Transmode virus during the Necrosha storyline.Leland is sent to Utopia with Shinobi Shaw, who was revived by the same means, to kill Sebastian Shaw, Donald Pierce, Emma Frost, Magma and the X-Men. Powers and abilities Leland possesses the ability to increase the mass of an object or person within 350 feet (110 m) of him, without affecting its size at all, making it increasingly heavy. Though he can only increase mass up to roughly 20 kilograms per second, there is seemingly no limit to the total mass he can add to a person or object. Leland's power can affect both people and inanimate objects, but active resistance by the subject makes it more difficult to assert Leland's power. Leland is overweight and in poor health, and thus he is a poor hand-to-hand combatant. House of M Harry Leland appeared as the Commissioner of the NYPD, in which he was in discussion with John Proudstar about the assaults on Sapien Town and the Brotherhood's attempts of capturing Luke Cage's gang.

14917159473234606564

Q5629893

HIV/AIDS in Vietnam Vietnam faces a concentrated HIV epidemic. Reporting HIV prevalence data in Vietnam is based primarily on HIV/AIDS case reporting and on the HIV Sentinel Surveillance conducted annually in 40 of Vietnam’s 64 provinces. The government now reports HIV cases in all provinces, 93 percent of all districts, and 49 percent of all communes, although many high prevalence provinces report cases in 100 percent of communes. Even though Vietnam has implemented HIV/AIDS case reporting, the general lack of HIV testing thus far suggests that the actual number of people living with HIV/AIDS is much higher. Current State The first HIV case was detected in 1990. The estimated number of people living with HIV then rose drastically from 3,000 in 1992 to 220,000 in 2007, and is projected to be 280,000 in 2012. Among these, 5,670 are children. According to the IMF, this trend is placing Vietnam at the threshold of moving the disease from the high-risk groups of drug users and sex workers to the general population. Among those who inject drugs, 19% are infected by HIV (up to 30% in some provinces.) Injection of Drugs Injecting drug users (IDU) account for up to 65% of people living with HIV. The HIV prevalence among male IDU is estimated to be 23.1%. Drug injection is reported as the major cause for doubling the number of HIV/AIDS patients from 2000 to 2005.Although there appears widespread awareness of using sterile needles among IDU (88% reported doing so in the last injection) sharing needles is common among those who have already contracted HIV/AIDS. In a survey of 20 provinces in Vietnam, 35% of IDU living with HIV shared needles and syringes. Besides, IDU often engage in risky sexual behaviours. 25% of male IDU in Hanoi is reported to buy sex and do not use condoms. Meanwhile, female IDU often sell sex to finance their drug need. This raises the risk of spreading HIV/AIDS to the general population. Sexual Transmission Another main cause of HIV/AIDS spread is sexual transmission through the sex workers. While 97.1% of female sex workers (FSW) reported using condoms with their most recent clients, the rate is much lower at 41.1% among those who are living with HIV. Others While HIV/AIDS remain an epidemic only within the high-risk groups, women in the general population may be more exposed to the risk of contracting HIV than reported. One study estimates that reported HIV transmission among women may reflect as low as 16% of the real number due to the lack of HIV screening. The number of women with HIV infection is estimated to increase from less than 30,000 in 2000 to 90,000 in 2007.Women may contract HIV/AIDS through partners who are undisclosed IDU. Men having pre-marital or extra-marital sexual relationships with FSW inevitably expose their wives to HIV/AIDS risk. Particularly in provinces with mobile populations, migrant husbands who, being away from home, are likely buy sex and use drugs may contract HIV and transmit to their wives.With potentially high HIV prevalence among women, perinatal transmission presents another channel of HIV transmission. It is reported that more than 1% of pregnant women in some provinces are found HIV positive. Challenges Social stigma against HIV/AIDS patients presents a major obstacle to contain HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS patients are treated unequally in the hospitals and denied employment. Children with HIV are not welcomed in school. In 2009, parents in Ho Chi Minh City forced officials to expel children with HIV. Discrimination thus discourages people to go for screening or to take medication in fear of revealing their HIV status.Funding for HIV/AIDS programmes in Vietnam is another pressing issue limiting the success of the effort to control the disease. Over the past 5 years, the available resource covered merely 50% of the demand. Moreover, since 70% of this amount was received from international institutions while state funding accounted for only 13%, there is no guarantee of future availability.The final challenge lies in the limited human resources. There is a shortage of helpers in provincial and district areas. Currently, there are approximately 1,300 health workers in preventive medicines nationwide, including anti-HIV work, or 21 on average for each city or district. Dr. Nguyen Thanh Long, Chief of the Health Ministry’s HIV/AIDS Control Department, estimated that Vietnam has to increase the number of health workers to 20,000 by 2020 in order to be able to contain and reduce the increasing number of infected cases.

17409391101019484837

Q4585205

Metropolitan Police Marine Policing Unit The Marine Policing Unit (MPU), formally known as Thames Division, is a Met Operations branch of London's Metropolitan Police Service. Its forerunner, the Marine Police Force, was England's first recognised preventive police unit.The MPU is headquartered on Wapping High Street, in the east of the city, from where it operates a fleet of vessels responsible for policing the River Thames within Greater London. History Thames Division was formed in 1839 when the Marine Police Force was absorbed into the Metropolitan Police Force. The original marine force is considered the first preventive police unit in the history of policing in England. It began when a merchant and magistrate, Patrick Colquhoun, teamed up with mariner John Harriott and Jeremy Bentham to persuade shipping companies to finance a police force to prevent the theft of cargo from London's docks. The first death of an officer in the line of duty occurred shortly thereafter, when Gabriel Franks was killed in a skirmish with dock workers protesting against the new force. Impressed by the economic impact of the initiative, the government passed the Marine Police Bill on 28 July 1800, making it one of the first publicly funded police forces, and also the first uniformed police force in the world.Initially, patrols were conducted in rowing boats, some of which remained in use until 1905. Impetus to change was provided when, on 3 September 1878, the steam collier Bywell Castle ran into the pleasure steamer Princess Alice in Galleons Reach, resulting in the loss of over 600 lives. The subsequent inquest and inquiry recommended that Thames Division should have steam launches, as rowing galleys had shown themselves to be inadequate for police duty, and the first two were commissioned in the mid-1880s. In 1910 the first motor vessels were introduced.Initially operating out of Wapping Police Station (since 1798, the current building having been rebuilt in 1907), a second station was built further east at Blackwall. Using land freed up from the General Steam Navigation Company's cattle wharf at Coldharbour, a three-storey building comprising cells, accommodation and a boat-launch was constructed in 1893. Due to the decline of the docks at Canary Wharf in the late 20th century, the Blackwall River Police Station was closed in the 1970s and converted to residential properties in 1982. In November 1978, Thames Division became a specialist unit under the direct command of Assistant Commissioner "A".When they were initially formed in 1839, Thames Division had three different ranks of Inspector and this was due to legislation involving the boarding of vessels on the Thames. The ranks originally date back to the old Thames River Police and were primarily due to the special powers invested to Inspectors on the river.Initially Thames Division had no Sergeants or Station Sergeants in their ranks, but instead inherited from the old River Police the ranks of 3rd, 2nd and 1st Inspector which were unique to the Division. 3rd Inspectors were paid as sergeants and were equivalent to sergeants for the rest of the force. 2nd Inspectors were of Station Police Sergeant rank and paid as such, while a 1st Inspector ranked as substantial Inspector. However, these ranks were discontinued in 1903 and Thames Division officers were then ranked the same as the rest of the Metropolitan Police, although for many years after 1903 Thames Division officers are still ranked on their service sheets using these old Inspector ranks.On 20 August 1989 the Marchioness disaster occurred when an aggregate dredger, the Bowbelle, collided with a passenger vessel, the Marchioness, near Cannon Street Railway Bridge. Four police patrol boats assisted in the rescue of 87 people. Fifty-one passengers died, though, and following subsequent inquiries the government asked the Maritime and Coastguard Agency, the Port of London Authority and the Royal National Lifeboat Institution to work together to set up a dedicated search and rescue service for the tidal River Thames. Consequently, on 2 January 2002, the RNLI set up four lifeboat stations at Gravesend, Tower Pier, Chiswick Pier and Teddington, taking over the role of primary search and rescue service on the river from Thames Division.In 2001, Thames Division was renamed the Marine Support Unit, and again in 2008 as the Marine Policing Unit. Contemporary role Today the MPU is responsible for waterborne policing of the 47 miles of the Thames between Hampton Court in the west and Dartford Creek in the east. Above Hampton Court, Surrey Police have responsibility for policing but a launch is supplied by the Environment Agency. Below Dartford Creek, responsibility lies with both Essex Police and Kent Police, who have combined forces and formed a joint marine unit, with Kent based at Sheerness and Essex based at Burnham-on-Crouch.Based at a police station on Wapping High Street and with 22 vessels at its disposal, the MPU also provides support to the rest of the Metropolitan Police and to the City of London Police when dealing with incidents in or around any waterway in London. A specialist underwater and confined-spaces search team carries out searches throughout the Metropolitan Police District. The unit also has 24 officers who are trained in rope access techniques and trained to carry out searches and counter demonstrator operations at height.

9404563358012535495

Q7663002

Syracuse, Eastwood Heights and DeWitt Railroad History The Syracuse, Eastwood Heights and DeWitt Railroad had reorganized and was chartered on September 6, 1889. Several miles of track were under construction by late 1889. The first line in operation was 4 miles (6.4 km) long and on the overhead system operated by the "Short system" of electricity. Operations By 1894, the company owned two motor cars. Financial During July 1891, the "state board of railroad commissioners" approved an increase in the capital from $40,000 to $150,000. At end of fiscal year in June 30, 1892 a first mortgage was outstanding at $46,092 and capital stock par value $100 per share. Company management Officers of the company in 1889 were president, N. L. Williams; vice-president, R. N. Gere; secretary, George B. Leonard.By June 1892, directors of the company were George B. Leonard, L. A. Williams, Edward S. Tefft, George B. Warner, Mowry S. Williams, Thomas Leonard, all of Syracuse, New York. Nelson L. Williams was president, George B. Leonard was secretary and treasurer and L. A. Williams was superintendent. Principal office was located in Syracuse, New York. Syracuse and Oneida railroad The Syracuse and Oneida Railroad, an interurban rail, was incorporated on October 11, 1891 and built a road 12 miles (19 km) in length from Messina Springs connecting with the Syracuse, Eastwood Heights and DeWitt Railroad Company's road and ran northerly by the "most direct and feasible route" through the towns of DeWitt and Cicero, at a point near the south shore of Oneida Lake. Bankruptcy A receiver's sale was held by Charles G. Baldwin, receiver of the railroad, which consisted of all property of the company including 9 miles (14 km) of street railway track extending from a point on Burnet Avenue in the city of Syracuse to the village of East Syracuse and from a point on James Street, near Sedgwick Street, connecting with a former branch near the village of East Syracuse, together, with franchises and rights of way over the lands upon their track was laid, and also "about 5 miles (8.0 km) of pole, and trolley wire" for the operation of the road with electric power. Additionally, one Baldwin locomotive complete, one double truck pass car 60-horsepower motors complete, one pass car body, car house, one construction car, office desk and fixtures, five wheel scrapers, track tools, two marine steel boilers, one Berryman heater, construction tools and about two acres of land in DeWitt in Onondaga County, New York.Sealed proposals for the purchase of the property were accepted until June 1, 1894. Sale was subject to the approval of the New York Supreme Court.Two judgments, totaling $26,723, were filed against the company on June 19, 1894 at the office of the County Clerk in Syracuse. They were in favor of Paul T. Brady and had been secured in the New York Supreme Court. Brady, an electrical apparatus dealer, had filed the judgment in February 1894.The company, valued at $35,000, was sold in early September 1894 by the receiver for $350. C. D. Beebe acted as trustee and was the purchaser. George S. Leonard of the First National Bank was the only other bidder. His bid was $250. Syracuse and East Side railroad Beebe represented the newly incorporated Syracuse and East Side Railroad Company, which had compromised with the creditors of the old road. The property of the road consisted of the tracks, trolleys, right of way, cars, machinery, tools and real estate. The action that caused the bankruptcy was filed by Edward H. Jones.

12261889790067741533

Q25326600

Hard tissue Hard tissue (also termed calcified tissue) is tissue which is mineralized and has a firm intercellular matrix. The hard tissues of humans are bone, tooth enamel, dentin, and cementum. The term is in contrast to soft tissue. Bone Bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebral skeleton. Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals and also enable mobility. Bone tissue is a type of dense connective tissue. Bones come in a variety of shapes and sizes and have a complex internal and external structure. They are lightweight yet strong and hard, and serve multiple functions. Mineralized osseous tissue or bone tissue, is of two types – cortical and cancellous and gives it rigidity and a coral-like three-dimensional internal structure. Other types of tissue found in bones include marrow, endosteum, periosteum, nerves, blood vessels and cartilage.Bone is an active tissue composed of different cells. Osteoblasts are involved in the creation and mineralisation of bone; osteocytes and osteoclasts are involved in the reabsorption of bone tissue. The mineralised matrix of bone tissue has an organic component mainly of collagen and an inorganic component of bone mineral made up of various salts. Enamel Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body and contains the highest percentage of minerals, 96%, with water and organic material composing the rest. The primary mineral is hydroxyapatite, which is a crystalline calcium phosphate. Enamel is formed on the tooth while the tooth is developing within the gum, before it erupts into the mouth. Once fully formed, it does not contain blood vessels or nerves. Remineralisation of teeth can repair damage to the tooth to a certain degree but damage beyond that cannot be repaired by the body. The maintenance and repair of human tooth enamel is one of the primary concerns of dentistry.In humans, enamel varies in thickness over the surface of the tooth, often thickest at the cusp, up to 2.5 mm, and thinnest at its border with the cementum at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ).The normal color of enamel varies from light yellow to grayish (bluish) white. At the edges of teeth where there is no dentin underlying the enamel, the color sometimes has a slightly blue tone. Since enamel is semitranslucent, the color of dentin and any material underneath the enamel strongly affects the appearance of a tooth. The enamel on primary teeth has a more opaque crystalline form and thus appears whiter than on permanent teeth.The large amount of mineral in enamel accounts not only for its strength but also for its brittleness. Tooth enamel ranks 5 on Mohs hardness scale and has a Young's modulus of 83 GPa. Dentin, less mineralized and less brittle, 3–4 in hardness, compensates for enamel and is necessary as a support. On radiographs, the differences in the mineralization of different portions of the tooth and surrounding periodontium can be noted; enamel appears lighter than dentin or pulp since it is denser than both and more radiopaque.Enamel does not contain collagen, as found in other hard tissues such as dentin and bone, but it does contain two unique classes of proteins: amelogenins and enamelins. While the role of these proteins is not fully understood, it is believed that they aid in the development of enamel by serving as a framework for minerals to form on, among other functions. Once it is mature, enamel is almost totally without the softer organic matter. Enamel is avascular and has no nerve supply within it and is not renewed, however, it is not a static tissue as it can undergo mineralization changes. Dentin By weight, 70% of dentin consists of the mineral hydroxylapatite, 20% is organic material, and 10% is water. Yellow in appearance, it greatly affects the color of a tooth due to the translucency of enamel. Dentin, which is less mineralized and less brittle than enamel, is necessary for the support of enamel. Dentin rates approximately 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. Cementum Cementum is slightly softer than dentin and consists of about 45% to 50% inorganic material (hydroxylapatite) by weight and 50% to 55% organic matter and water by weight. The organic portion is composed primarily of collagen and proteoglycans. Cementum is avascular, receiving its nutrition through its own imbedded cells from the surrounding vascular periodontal ligament.The cementum is light yellow and slightly lighter in color than dentin. It has the highest fluoride content of all mineralized tissue. Cementum also is permeable to a variety of materials. It is formed continuously throughout life because a new layer of cementum is deposited to keep the attachment intact as the superficial layer of cementum ages. Cementum on the root ends surrounds the apical foramen and may extend slightly onto the inner wall of the pulp canal.

13451174355673021588

Q1273595

E.S. Posthumus Career The group was formed in 2000 by brothers Helmut and Franz Vonlichten. Helmut and Franz studied piano with their mother. After graduating from high school, Franz worked in recording studios while Helmut attended and graduated from UCLA, with a degree in archaeology. Their music has been licensed by many movie and television production studios, being included in numerous movie trailers and television shows. E.S. Posthumus released three albums overall in their career.On July 22, 2010, it was officially announced that Franz had died about two months before. After giving notice of his brother's death, Helmut stated that while there still may be one or two unreleased songs (one of them being their single "Christmas Eve" released in November 2010), the group would no longer be active. In November 2011, it was officially announced that Helmut Vonlichten had formed a new band called Les Friction, and released a preview of his new work with a track called "Torture". Unearthed Unearthed was the first album composed by E.S. Posthumus. It was originally made available for purchase online through CD Baby in January 2001; It became the third-biggest selling album in CDBaby's history. The success of the album prompted the wide re-release to retail in May 2005 through Wigshop and 33rd Street Records/Bayside Distribution. A key piece to the distinctive sound of the music comes from working with the Northwest Sinfonia. Other musicians performing on this CD include Pedro Eustache, Michael Landau, Matt Laug, Lance Morrison, Davy Spillane and Efrain Toro. Many tracks from Unearthed have been featured in various movie trailers and television shows. They have been used in the trailers for movies due to their escalating structure, which makes them well-suited for the dramatic montages building towards the credits in the aforementioned trailers. Cartographer Cartographer, the second album from E.S. Posthumus, was supposed to be released sometime in 2006 but was actually released in early 2007. It is rumored the delay was due to the addition of Sans to the group of musicians, an addition much heralded by Helmut Vonlichten Makara Makara is the third album of E.S. Posthumus. It consists of 15 tracks and was released on February 2, 2010 for download on iTunes, Amazon MP3, and several other popular download services. The album is available on both CD and for digital download at CD Baby. The album was made available on eMusic on January 26, 2010. There may also be a vinyl release of the album in the future. Rise to Glory Rise to Glory is a single released in September 2005 featuring the vocals of rappers DJ Quik and Bizarre (from D12). The song Rise to Glory is recognized as a sung remix and an extended version of Posthumus Zone, which is most commonly recognized as the theme song to the NFL on CBS since the 2003 season. Run This Town/Posthumus Zone E.S. Posthumus collaborated with hip hop artist Jay-Z to create a remix of Run This Town and Posthumus Zone for the CBS broadcast of Super Bowl XLIV. Christmas Eve Christmas Eve is a single released in November 2010 as a Christmas tribute to Franz Vonlichten of E.S. Posthumus.The Vonlichten brothers had begun work on a holiday project in early March 2010, which was to be released later during the holiday season. According to Helmut, the project would be a re-arrangement of their favorite holiday songs and "bring something new to the party". This track was the only song they started recording before Franz died in May 2010.In a Facebook posting on the group's fanpage, mid-November 2010, Helmut relayed that “When Franz passed away last May, the project was barely off the ground; however, a lyric, piano sketch and rough vocal were completed on the new song.” In that same posting, Helmut shared that he contacted Jeremy Lubbock, the brothers' childhood favorite arranger, to arrange the song for them. Helmut later salvaged the rough vocal recorded months earlier and included it in the final recording."Christmas Eve" is last song produced from the group E.S. Posthumus and is a product of the Vonlichten brothers' last recording session before Franz's death.

12776084753286772522

Q47539179

Public theology Public theology is the Christian engagement and dialogue within the church and especially with the larger society. It seeks the welfare of the state and a fair society for all by engaging issues of common interest to build the common good. This is Christian theology that talks with society not just to society. This is done by presenting the Christian position in a way that can be publicly understood and thereby open to public debate and critical enquiry. Key developments The term "public theology" was first coined by Martin Marty to contrast against civil religion. Civil religion looks more generally at religion in relation to the state, whereas public theology is rooted in a Christian standpoint and identity as it considers its contributions to the society and the state.David Tracy asked what the "public" in "public theology" meant. He identifies three publics that public theology should try to engage in dialogue with: the society, the academy and the church. He suggests that, given these publics, the language and rationale used should be openly accessible by all and not couched in theologically elitist terms. Since Tracy identified these three publics, others have suggested the addition of other "publics" such as economics, law, the market, media, and other religious communities.Harold Breitenberg suggests that most literature on public theology falls into one of three classes. Firstly, there are studies on key public theologians and how they understand the topic. Secondly, there are discussions on the nature and the shape of public theology. Lastly, there is "constructive public theology" which is the actual doing of public theology. The first two aim at developing public theology as a field of study while the last one is the practical application of it.Some notable figures in this field are Dietrich Bonhoeffer, William Temple, Martin Luther King Jr., Desmond Tutu, Jürgen Moltmann, Ronald Thiemann, Dorothee Soelle, John Courtney Murray, Reinhold Niebuhr, Duncan Forrester, Max Stackhouse, and Sebastian C. H. Kim. Common traits While there is no authoritative definition or corpus of books on public theology, there are several common traits which are observable in varying degrees. Katie Day and Sebastian Kim note six common "marks" of public theology. Firstly, public theology is often incarnational. It is not confined to the church but meant to be relevant to people outside of it as well. It is meant to be realistic and concerned with all aspects of societal life. Secondly, there is often discussion over which public(s) to engage and the nature of the public sphere. Thirdly, it is interdisciplinary because it draws on other fields of study in order to be more relevant to society. Fourthly, public theology always involves dialogue and critique from both the church itself and society as well. Fifthly, it has a global perspective because many issues affect countries across borders, such as immigration, climate change, refugees, etc. Lastly, public theology is performed, not just printed in books. This field of theology is not theorized first then applied, but it is a theology that develops and evolves while being expressed in society. Compared with political theology Public theology and political theology share many common points. They have overlapping concerns for social justice and Christian engagement in the public and political sphere. They also share similar concerns that the Christian faith is more than individual piety. It has a role to play in building societal peace, justice, and the common good.However, they differ in many ways as well. Political theology tends to be more radical in its pursuit for societal transformation, sometimes compelled by a sense of crisis. Public theology, on the other hand, is more moderate. It seeks to bring change gradually through social analysis, public dialogue, and shaping the moral fabric of society. So political theology tends to be more revolutionary while public theology is more reformative.Political theology is directed more towards the government or the state, whereas public theology is more towards civil society. This is because political theology is more concerned with a just political system whereas public theology is more concerned for a just society for everyone, open dialogue, and the building a common ground. Criticism A common critique of public theology is the overly broad range of issues it is concerned with. Because it seeks to engage in all issues that concern the society, public theology may find itself spread too thin across these issues. As a result, it may fail to engage the issues with sufficient depth and academic rigour because it lacks the necessary subject matter expertise. This overt broadness may also cause public theology to lack a focused approach and method because each issue may require a different methodology.Another critique public theology faces is the inherent difficulty in retaining its Christian distinctiveness while being publicly relevant. Too much weight in either direction may cause it to be irrelevant to the public or bearing no distinct Christian witness. The tension may be ideal in theory, but difficult to achieve in reality.

14931230117719972995

Q8074431

Zoratama Background In the times before the Spanish conquest of present-day Colombia, the Altiplano Cundiboyacense was inhabited by the Muisca people. They were organised in a loose confederation of rulers (caciques) and had a total population according to scholars between 300,000 and two million people. The Muisca were an indigenous group of traders and farmers.The southern part of the Muisca Confederation was ruled by the zipa, based in Bacatá, the present-day capital of Colombia Bogotá. The zipa who reigned at the arrival of the Spanish was Tisquesusa. His rule extended over the Bogotá savanna and neighbouring mountains of the Eastern Ranges with southernmost village Pasca, bordered to the south by the territories of the Sutagao people.In Santa Marta, 1536, conquistador Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, triggered by the legend of El Dorado, set foot with an army of around 800 men towards the interior of Colombia. One of his captains was Lázaro Fonte. Biography Zoratama was born in the town of Guatavita in the Muisca Confederation. She moved to the capital of the southern Muisca, Bacatá before the Spanish conquest. When the Spanish conquerors arrived in Bacatá, they found the town almost deserted as Tisquesusa, informed about the arrival of the European invaders, had fled with his guecha warriors to Nemocón. Zoratama stayed in Bacatá and was found by the troops of De Quesada. She fell in love with his captain Lázaro Fonte.Soldiers in the army of De Quesada spread rumours about Fonte; that he had hidden emeralds from him. In an improvised lawsuit, Fonte would be convicted and punished with the death penalty, but thanks to his "lawyer"; captain Gonzalo Suárez Rendón he escaped that fate. Instead, he was forced to exile to the terrain of the Panche to the west of the Muisca territories. In January 1539, Fonte managed to change his location of exile to Pasca, Cundinamarca and took Zoratama with him.The centre of Pasca was deserted as well, as the inhabitants feared the Spanish conquerors, and Fonte and Zoratama were left in one of the bohíos of the village. Some of the indigenous people remained in Pasca and took care of Zoratama and her lover. When in Pasca, news reached Fonte that new Spanish conquistadores were entering Muisca terrain; from later Venezuela Nicolás de Federmann and from the south Sebastián de Belalcázar.Fonte wrote on a piece of deer skin the news and sent Zoratama back to Bacatá to inform De Quesada of the arrival of the other conquistadores. De Quesada pardoned Fonte and via Gonzalo Suárez Rendón gave him back his weapons.Zoratama and Fonte got one son together; a mestizo child of the Spanish and indigenous. Fonte was sent on expedition to search for El Dorado in Putumayo and Amazonas in the south of present-day Colombia. He formed part of the army of Hernán Pérez de Quesada, brother of Gonzalo. Due to fever and hunger in the inhospitable jungle of the area, Fonte died.Governor Alonso Luís de Lugo expelled Zoratama from the encomienda she was guarding and with her son she went to Cáqueza and Choachí, trying to gain income by selling firewood. Zoratama went further north to her hometown Guatavita and according to legend she drowned herself and her son in Lake Guatavita, like the cacica Guatavita had done centuries before.

2568469988606511667

Q1340386

Erythrina Names Particularly in horticulture, the name coral tree is used as a collective term for these plants. Flame tree is another vernacular name, but may refer to a number of unrelated plants as well. Many species of Erythrina have bright red flowers, and this may be the origin of the common name. However, the growth of the branches can resemble the shape of sea coral rather than the color of Corallium rubrum specifically, and this is an alternative source for the name. Other popular names, usually local and particular to distinct species, liken the flowers' red hues to those of a male chicken's wattles, and/or the flower shape to its leg spurs. Commonly seen Spanish names for any local species are bucaré, frejolillo or porotillo, and in Afrikaans some are called kafferboom (from the species name Erythrina caffra). Mullumurikku is a widespread name in Kerala. Description and ecology Not all species of Erythrina have bright red flowers; the Wiliwili (E. sandwicensis) has extraordinary variation in its flower colour, with orange, yellow, salmon, green and white all being found within natural populations. This striking color polymorphism is also found in Erythrina lysistemon and Erythrina caffra.All species except the sterile hybrids E. × sykesii and E. × bidwillii have legume-type fruit, sometimes called pods, containing one or more seeds. The resilient buoyant seeds are often carried by the sea for large distances and are commonly called "sea beans".Erythrina leaves are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the swift moth Endoclita damor and the woolly bears Hypercompe eridanus and Hypercompe icasia. The mite Tydeus munsteri is a pest on the coastal coral tree (E. caffra).Many birds visit the nectar-rich Erythrina flowers. In the Neotropics, these are usually larger hummingbirds, for example the swallow-tailed hummingbird (Eupetomena macroura) and the black-throated (Anthracothorax nigricollis) and green-breasted mangos (A. prevostii) – though they seem not to be especially fond of E. speciosa at least, which they visit rather opportunistically. In Southeast Asia, the black drongo (Dicrurus macrocercus) which usually does not eat nectar in quantity has been observed feeding on E. suberosa flowers, and mynas and of course more specialized nectar feeders also utilize coral tree flowers. Lorikeets such as the collared lory (Phigys solitarius) and the possibly extinct New Caledonian lorikeet (Charmosyna diadema) are known to consume (or have consumed) large amounts of Erythrina nectar. Use by humans Some coral trees are used widely in the tropics and subtropics as street and park trees, especially in drier areas. In some places, such as Venezuela, bucarés are used as shade trees for coffee or cocoa crops. In the Bengal region, they are used for the same purpose in Schumannianthus dichotoma plantations. E. lanceolata in particular is considered highly suitable as "frame" tree for vanilla vines to grow up on.Native Hawaiians made a number of items from wiliwili wood because of its low density, such as mouo (fishing net floats), ama (outrigger canoe floats, and extremely long papa heʻe nalu (surfboards) called olo. Olo, which averaged 18 feet (5.5 m), were exclusively ridden by aliʻi (royalty). The wood was sometimes used for the waʻa (hull) of outrigger canoes intended to be used near-shore, for recreation, or for training. The shiny orange-red seeds were strung into lei.The conspicuous, even dramatic coral trees are widely used as floral emblems. cockspur coral tree (E. crista-galli) is the national flower of Argentina and Uruguay. The coastal coral tree (E. caffra) is the official city tree of Los Angeles, California, where it is referred to simply as the "coral tree". The state trees of Mérida and Trujillo in Venezuela are bucaré ceibo (E. poeppigiana) and purple coral tree (bucaré anauco, E. fusca), respectively. Yonabaru, Okinawa as well as the Okinawa Prefecture and Pathum Thani Province have the Indian coral tree (E. variegata) as floral emblems. Known as thong lang in Thailand, the latter species is also one of the thong ("trees") referred to in the name of Amphoe Chom Thong, Chiang Mai Province. In a similar vein, Zumpahuacán in Mexico derives its name from Nahuatl tzompahuacá, "place of the Erythrina americana". In Vietnam, people use the leaves of E. variegata to wrap nem (a kind of fermented pork).In Hinduism, the mandara tree in Indra's garden in Svarga is held to be E. stricta. The same motif is found in Tibetan Buddhism, where the man da ra ba growing in Sukhavati is identified as an Indian coral tree (E. variegata). The concept of the Five Trees of Paradise is also found in Christian Gnosticism. Though as none of the trees is identified as an Erythrina here, the concept might not be as directly related to the Asian religions as some presume.The seeds of at least one-third of the species contain potent erythrina alkaloids, and some of these are used for medicinal and other purposes by indigenous peoples. They are all toxic to some degree, however, and the seeds of some can cause fatal poisoning. The chemical compounds found in plants in this genus include alkaloids such as scoulerine, erysodin, erysovin (namely in E. flabelliformis), and the putative anxiolytic erythravine (isolated from Mulungu, E. mulungu). As food Root tubers of Erythrina species have been traditional food for aborigines of the Northern Territory of Australia. Louisiana Growing, selling or possessing Erythrina spp. except for ornamental purposes, is prohibited by Louisiana State Act 159 (where the genus is misspelled Erythina); the Act covers various known, suspected, or rumored hallucinogenic plants.

18278053374350405951

Q4772403

Anthony Dickerson Early years Dickerson's family moved to Pearland in 1957, but it was not until after integration that he attended Pearland schools. Before the third grade he attended Ralph A Bunch in Manvel, Texas. At Pearland (TX), he was a three-year starter at running back and also played linebacker. He received All-American honors as a senior.He began his college career at Henderson County Junior College, where he was a Junior College All-American and an All-conference linebacker in 1976. In 1977, Dickerson transferred to Southern Methodist University where he was named co-captain and a starter at linebacker, finishing with 136 tackles (62 solo), one safety, one caused fumble, and one blocked kick. He also had a game against Ohio State University where he recorded 32 tackles. In 1978, he was let go by head coach Ron Meyer. Meyer was quoted as saying "I haven't been around that long, but Dickerson was the greatest linebacker I have ever coached".On October 1, 2011, he was inducted into the Trinity Valley Community College Cardinal Hall of Fame. Toronto Argonauts In 1978, he signed with the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League. He was waived on October 3. Calgary Stampeders In 1978, he signed with the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League and played in 10 games before being released. Dallas Cowboys After being cut by the Calgary Stampeders, he moved to Los Angeles and got a job as a maintenance department stock clerk at the Burbank Airport. In 1979, he returned to Texas and was taking business courses at the University of Houston, when the Dallas Cowboys signed him as an undrafted free agent in 1980. He made the team because he was one of the fastest linebackers in the NFL.As a rookie, he contributed on special teams and in the nickel defense, replacing weakside linebacker D. D. Lewis on passing downs. He posted 41 tackles, 2 interceptions, 6 passes defensed, 3 forced fumbles (tied for the team lead), one sack and one fumble recovery. He was named the Cowboys special teams player of the year. He had 2 interceptions against the San Francisco 49ers and caused 2 fumbles on special teams against the Seattle Seahawks, that led to 2 touchdowns. In the playoffs, he recovered a fumble against the Atlanta Falcons that set up the Cowboys' first touchdown and he intercepted a pass against the Philadelphia Eagles in the NFC title game.In 1981, he was named special teams captain and repeated as the Cowboys special teams player of the year. He also played on the nickel defense, registering 39 tackles, 4 sacks and 2 fumble recoveries. His first half fumble recovery was a key play in the team's division title clinching 21-10 win over the Philadelphia Eagles.In 1982, he remained a regular player on passing downs because of his ability to cover running backs, tallying 33 tackles, 2.5 sacks and one interception.In 1983, he was named the starter at weakside linebacker after Guy Brown retired. He finished with 114 tackles (second on the team), 81 solo tackles (led the team), 6 passes defensed, 2 forced fumbles, 3 fumble recoveries, one interception and 10.5 sacks (second on the team), the most ever by a linebacker in franchise history (it was broken by DeMarcus Ware in 2006). Against the Oakland Raiders, he tallied 11 tackles, 2 sacks, 2 forced fumbles and one fumble recovery. Against the New Orleans Saints, he sacked Ken Stabler for a safety with 1:58 minutes remaining to give Dallas a 21-20 win. His pressure on Scott Brunner caused Dextor Clinkscale's interception for the decisive touchdown in a 28-13 win over the New York Giants.Dickerson entered the 1984 season as a rising star, but the team decided to alternate him with first round draft choice Billy Cannon Jr.. He also was limited in the preseason with a shoulder injury. His production would drop to 72 tackles, 2 sacks, one interception and one fumble recovery. Against the Green Bay Packers, he intercepted a pass in the last two minutes to set up a Cowboys touchdown in a 20–6 win. Against the Indianapolis Colts, he recovered a fumble on the eight-yard line to prevent a touchdown in a 22–3 win.On September 2, 1985, he was traded to the Buffalo Bills in exchange for a seventh-round draft selection in the 1986 NFL Draft. Buffalo Bills In 1985, he played mainly on special teams and did not start any games. He was released on August 11, 1986. Miami Dolphins On August 14, 1985, he signed as a free agent with the Miami Dolphins, who were having health problems with their outside linebackers. He was cut on August 19.

6085746065844669544

Q836761

Washington State Route 525 Route description SR 525 begins at the Swamp Creek Interchange with I-5, also serving as the northern terminus of I-405, located in Lynnwood in southern Snohomish County. The four-lane controlled-access freeway travels north past Alderwood Mall and a partial cloverleaf interchange with Alderwood Mall Parkway, which serves the eponymous mall. SR 525 continues north under overpasses carrying 164th Street and 148th Street before reaching its partial cloverleaf interchange with SR 99, where the freeway ends. The highway becomes the four-lane Mukilteo Speedway and travels northwest into the city of Mukilteo, serving its commercial and industrial areas located south of Paine Field. SR 525 intersects its spur route, which travels north as Paine Field Boulevard towards the Boeing Everett Factory, before it serves as the western terminus of SR 526. The highway gains a ferry holding lane on its northbound shoulder as it approaches the Mukilteo ferry terminal, located between the Mukilteo Lighthouse Park and the local train station, where the designation of SR 525 is carried onto the Whidbey Island Ferry across Possession Sound.The Mukilteo–Clinton ferry, operated by Washington State Ferries (WSF), takes approximately 20 minutes for each of its 39 daily round-trip crossings. As of October 2017, WSF charges a fare of $5.05 per walk-on passenger and $8.95 per vehicle during off-peak seasons, with varying fares depending on passenger age and vehicle size. SR 525 leaves the ferry terminal at Clinton and travels west through the interior of Whidbey Island in unincorporated Island County as part of the Whidbey Island Scenic Byway, a state scenic byway. The highway turns north along Holmes Harbor in Freeland and continues through Greenbank before SR 525 terminates at SR 20 south of Coupeville and the Naval Outlying Field Coupeville.Every year, the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) conducts a series of surveys on its highways in the state to measure traffic volume. This is expressed in terms of average annual daily traffic (AADT), which is a measure of traffic volume for any average day of the year. In 2012, WSDOT calculated that the busiest section of SR 525 was its southern terminus at I-5 and I-405, serving 61,000 vehicles, while the least busiest section of the highway was at the Mukilteo ferry terminal, serving 5,700 vehicles. SR 525 is designated as part of the National Highway System from Lynnwood to the Mukilteo ferry terminal, classifying it as important to the national economy, defense, and mobility. WSDOT designates the entire route of SR 525 as a Highway of Statewide Significance, which includes highways that connect major communities in the state of Washington. History SR 525 uses the Whidbey Island Ferry between Mukilteo and Clinton, which began as a route of the Island Transportation Company in 1919. The ferry was later taken over by the Puget Sound Navigation Company, who were sold to the state of Washington in 1951 during the formation of the WSF. The discontinuous road sections of SR 525 were added to the state highway system in 1937 as SSH 1D and SSH 1I, both branches of PSH 1. SSH 1D traveled 54.73 miles (88.08 km) on Whidbey and Fidalgo islands from the Clinton ferry dock to an intersection with the Anacortes branch of PSH 1 at Sharps Corner. SSH 1I traveled 10.63 miles (17.11 km) in a circular arc from Everett to Lynnwood, traveling on Mukilteo Boulevard and the Mukilteo Speedway.SR 525 was established during the 1964 state highway renumbering and codified in 1970 as the successor to both SSH 1D and SSH 1I. The 62.04-mile (99.84 km) highway was extended south and east from Highway 99 to the newly-completed I-5 in February 1965, using 164th Street NE until a new freeway could be constructed. The highway was truncated from Anacortes to its present terminus south of Coupeville after SR 20 was extended across the state on the North Cascades Highway in 1973. SR 525 was re-aligned onto a two-lane freeway between SR 99 and the Swamp Creek in the 1980s, extending the route to I-405. The Swamp Creek Interchange itself was completed in November 1984.WSF ferry routes were added to its respective state highways in 1994, eliminating one of two gaps along the route of SR 525, the other being a concurrency with SR 99 that was replaced by a partial cloverleaf interchange in 2000 during the widening of the freeway segment in Lynnwood. A spur route, located completely in Mukilteo, was added to SR 525 in 2001 along the route of the four-lane Paine Field Boulevard, connecting the main highway to SR 526.The Mukilteo ferry terminal is planned to be replaced by a new facility that is scheduled to open in 2020.

16570441513440413853

Q7608514

Stephen (song) Writing and inspiration Stephen was written by Kesha Sebert, in collaboration with her mother Pebe Sebert, David Gamson, and Oliver Leiber. The song was produced by Gamson with additional production by Leiber. Gamson played all the instruments on the song, with the exception of the accordion which was performed by Kesha. The song's recording was commenced at ACME Recording, Long Island, California, and at Ollywood Studios, Hollywood, California, by Gamson. Kesha told Rolling Stone that Stephen was one of her favorite tracks on the album. She explained that the song stemmed from her experiences with a man that she had been "stalking since [she] was 15." It was written when the singer was sixteen, in collaboration with her mother. She found David Gamson to produce the song. "He does all the keyboard stuff, he's amazing, a crazy cynical genius guy, and he liked my voice and my thing, and I really liked his thing, so we decided to work together" she explained.Kesha was inspired to write the song after continual rejection from the protagonist in the song, Stephen, who refused to call the singer. She told MTV "I wrote [it] about this guy that I've been stalking since I was, like, 15, but he's a total loser, so I don't want to glorify him in any way, but I'm really excited for the song." In February 2010, after the release of the song, Stephen attended one of the singer's concerts. Speaking to Total Access on 96.4FM The Wave, the singer recalled the experience saying "he came to see my show at this huge gay bar in New York and it was totally off the chain. He gets up on stage, takes all his clothes off except his underwear and starts making out with a tranny. I was like, 'Wait a minute, have I been barking up the wrong genre of tree?'" Composition "Stephen" is a song composed in the dance-pop genre that also incorporates elements of country music. According to digital sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by Sony-ATV Music Publishing, the song is written in the key of D major and the tempo moves at 100 beats per minute at a moderately fast rate. Kesha's vocal range in the song spans from the lower note of E₃ to the higher note of D₅. The lyrics begin with Kesha singing "Stephen, Stephen, why won't you call me?." The song's lyrics depict the tale of the singer stalking her then crush, Stephen, who ultimately would not call the singer. "Stephen" opens with layered a cappella and vocoder harmonies, later transitioning into a dominantly driven pop song. According to the singer, "Stephen" showcases her more vulnerable side and encompasses humor throughout its lyrics: "'Stephen' shows the vulnerable side of me but it's still a funny pop song. It's me saying I'm totally obsessive and in love with this guy, but he's blowing me off in a pretty funny way."Fraser McAlpine of BBC called the song "a vulnerable ode to an unreliable crush." Daniel Brockman of The Phoenix thought that the song's lyrics were "an ode to forcing your sexual advances on your high-school history teacher." According to Andrew Burgess of musicOMH, the song "tells the story of that one guy Ke$ha can't bag: 'What the hell? I can charm the pants off anyone else, but you.'" Ann Powers of the Los Angeles Times felt that the song was experimental, comparing it to the group Animal Collective. Critical reception "Stephen" received positive comments from music critics. Fraser McAlpine of BBC Music used "Stephen" as an example of the songs on Animal that exemplified the singer's vocals, saying it had "beautiful layered a cappella harmonies. Sure, it tumbles into clunky pop straight afterwards, but then, that also seems to be what she does: beautiful things are bashed against ugly things, pretty melodies ruined by silly noises, emotional lyrics stuffed with buzzwords." Daniel Brockman of The Boston Phoenix wrote of the album that "in a post–'Birthday Sex' pop landscape, there's plenty of room for dumb if it's done well." He described "Stephen" as "an ode to forcing your sexual advances on your high-school history teacher." Ann Powers of the Los Angeles Times listed the song as one of those that exemplified the album's more experimental side, calling it a "country-in-space" rendition.musicOMH's writer Andrew Burgess wrote that "Stephen" is one of the album's "obligatory ballads", saying it is "fine". His consensus regarding the album's ballads was that "Perhaps Ke$ha is, in fact, a more complex and multi-faceted party girl than she seems like on the surface." Digital Spy commented that the Kesha uses the album "to show her vulnerable side" and that "she admits she can't take rejection on the country-tinged 'Stephen'." Music video A music video for "Stephen" was directed by the production team Skinny. The video was released on the deluxe repacking of her debut album Animal, under its re-release entitled Animal + Cannibal. It was later uploaded to the singer's Vevo account on April 4, 2011. The video is composed of still shots that show the singer "going to some extreme lengths to show 'Stephen' how much she's feeling him." The video opens with the singer looking through a scrapbook; following this the video then proceeds into depicting the singer's interactions with the protagonist. The video's first setting is located at a bar where the singer gets into a verbal altercation with the man's girlfriend. Kesha, who later leaves with the then unconscious man, takes him back to her house to takes pictures of him and later cuts off some of his hair for her shrine. The singer then duct-tapes the man and locks him in her closet; which he later escapes from. Following this, the singer is distraught and then builds another man out of a dummy, and using the hair she had clipped earlier, proceeds to bring the dummy to a bar, getting into another altercation with it and later leaving it in the street – ending the video.

12839468483432944249

Q29469803

All the Birds in the Sky Plot summary All the Birds in the Sky is set in the near-future and is about Patricia and Laurence, a witch and a techno-geek. Patricia discovers, when she is six, that she has magical abilities, like talking to birds – but she has no control over it and cannot summon it at will. Laurence, from a young age, invents gadgets, makes a two second time machine out of a watch, and later builds a supercomputer in his bedroom. Patricia and Laurence both attend the same junior high school where they discover each other after being ostracized by other children for being too strange.Their time at school, however, does not last long and they soon become separated. Patricia runs away after being accused of witchcraft, and with the help of a bird, becomes one and flies away; she is intercepted by a magician who enrolls her in a school for witches. Laurence is sent to a military reform school by his parents for his non-conforming behavior.Ten years later, the adult Patricia and Laurence bump into each other again at a party. Patricia is now a witch who can control and use her magical abilities, and has joined a witch's cabal. Laurence had escaped the reform school and now is part of a think tank of like-minded geeks building a wormhole generator. Patricia and Laurence keep in touch, but their divergent philosophies strain their relationship.All of this happens against the backdrop of a deteriorating world, which is beset by superstorms, earthquakes and wars that destroy cities and destabilize countries. It is the beginning of the Unraveling. This leads to a showdown between science and magic, which jeopardizes Patricia and Laurence's relationship. The story ends with the pair reconciling their differences and combining science and magic to stop the Unraveling. Background Anders' first novel, Choir Boy, was published in 2005. Most of it was written in 2001, and she described it as "very weird literary" fiction. After that she worked on several novels, including All the Birds in the Sky, but it was not until her science fiction novelette "Six Months, Three Days" won her a Hugo, that she realized what readers were after, and focused on All the Birds. In a 2016 interview in the science fiction book podcast Geek's Guide to the Galaxy, Anders said that, whereas the other books she was working on "felt like something that other people could have written", All the Birds "felt like something only I could have written." She spent most of 2011 working on the book. Tor Books acquired All the Birds in the Sky in March 2014, with publication planned for 2015.Earlier drafts of the novel included aliens and an evil wizard. Anders recalled she "overstuff[ed] it with genre elements" to the extent that it became "a kind of genre spoof". But it was around the sixth draft she decided to make it about a witch and a mad scientist, Patricia and Laurence. Initially they were to be rivals, using science and magic to fight each other, but Anders realized it would work better if they were friends. She said it was the relationship she had created in "Six Months, Three Days" that made her decide to make All the Birds in the Sky a "relationship story". Anders cited Cory Doctorow's Little Brother (2008) and Jo Walton's Among Others (2011) as inspiration for the Patricia and Laurence coming of age sections of the novel. Reception In a review in SF Signal, science fiction critic James Wallace Harris described All the Birds in the Sky as "three weddings: a marriage of science fiction and fantasy, ... YA and adult, and ... genre and literary." He said Anders manages this "with a light touch, producing a novel that is a joy to read, yet is as deep as you're willing to dig." Writing in The Independent, David Barnett described the novel as a blend of Diana Wynne Jones, Douglas Coupland and Neil Gaiman—"a little bit of science fiction, a little bit of fantasy, and a hell of a lot of fun". He added that Anders is "an important new voice in genre fiction", and that this book "marks a brave, genre-bending debut that, as satisfying as it is, perhaps hints at even more greatness to come."Michael Berry wrote in the San Francisco Chronicle that Anders' mix of science fiction and fantasy with a coming-of-age story should satisfy readers of each of these genres. He said the novel is "clearly something special" that "walks the line between quirky and the cutesy", but is level-headed enough to compensate for the "whimsical aspects" of the story. In a review in the New York Journal of Books, novelist and editor Samantha Holloway called the novel "such a neat book" in the way it can be simultaneously "terrible and dangerous" and "beautiful and charming"; the way it tackles "heavy themes" like fate, free will and ecological disaster, yet appears to be "dancing with them [rather] than wrestling"; and the way it simply does not "tak[e] itself too seriously". Holloway said Anders' "gift for dialogue and description" makes the "weirdness ... visceral and plausible."In a review in Locus, Gary K. Wolfe wrote that while stories blending science fiction and fantasy are often about science versus magic, and their outcome is generally predictable, All the Birds in the Sky "is one of the most surprising novels I’ve read this year", and on the whole, "one of the most delightful". He said Anders pulls it off with "something as simple as tone". The first part is "an absolutely terrific YA novel", achieved by "masterful, wacky, and sometimes hilarious control of tone"; later it "gets a bit wobbly from time to time" as the story moves from "fixing a relationship to fixing the world", but at this point "Anders has pretty much sold us on the sheer likeability of her flawed characters". Writing on the British Fantasy Society website, Richard Webb found the book's plot generally "well-paced and compelling", and commended the "beautiful imagery" in Anders' prose. But the "YA-to-adult-orientated romance" underlying the main plot did not work quite as well. Webb felt that Patricia and Laurence's relationship "played out against the well-worn 'doomed love' of their diametrically-opposed schooling", and that their reunion appeared to be a "plot contrivance" that had "a sense of inevitability to it". Translations The book was translated into German by Sophie Zeitz and published in Germany as Alle Vögel unter dem Himmel by Fischer Tor in April 2017. Sequels In 2016 Anders wrote "Clover", a short story about Patricia’s cat from All the Birds in the Sky. It was published by Tor.com in October 2016, and was later included in Anders' short fiction collection, Six Months, Three Days, Five Others, published by Tor.com in October 2017.

17132001257594165412

Q149959

Albertonectes Discovery Albertonectes is known solely from the holotype TMP 2007.011.0001, a complete well preserved postcranial skeleton housed at the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology in Drumheller, Alberta. Elements include all 132 vertebrae from the atlas-axis complex to fused tip of the tail vertebrae, complete pectoral and incomplete pelvic girdles, almost complete forelimbs and hindlimbs, disarticulated ribs, a gastralium, and at least 97 associated gastroliths. TMP 2007.011.0001 was discovered during mining for gem-quality ammonite shell called Ammolite by Korite International Ltd. about 150 meters south of the St. Mary River near Lethbridge in southern Alberta. The specimen was excavated in a nearly completely articulated state from dark gray claystone in a concretionary horizon about 15 m above the base of the Bearpaw Formation and about 2 m below an ash bed known by mine workers as the "10 inch bentonite". Collected from the lower part of Muddy Unit 1 of the St. Mary River Section, just below the lowest known local occurrence of Baculites compressus in the formation, the specimen is not younger than about 73.5 million years old and approximately of that age, thus dating to the middle of the upper Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous. The discovery of Albertonectes marks a new record in both neck and total body length among known elasmosaurs, at 11.2 meter in postcranial body length (11.6 meters with skull) and a 7-meter neck. Etymology Albertonectes was first described and named by Tai Kubo, Mark T. Mitchell and Donald M. Henderson in 2012 and the type species is Albertonectes vanderveldei. The generic name is derived from Alberta, in reference to the Canadian province where the holotype was found, and from Greek nectes, meaning "swimmer", a common suffix for genus names of plesiosaurians. The specific name honors the late Rene Vandervelde, the founder of Korite International, the gem-mining company that discovered the holotype. Description Albertonectes is one of the longest elasmosaurs and has the longest neck of any elasmosaur ever discovered, which reached up to 7 metres (23 ft). The holotype, missing the skull, measures at 11.2 metres (37 ft) from the atlas-axis complex to the tip of the tail, suggesting a total body length of 11.6 metres (38 ft) with the skull. Albertonectes is also unique among other elasmosaurids in having 76 neck vertebrae, a record number among elasmosaurids. Callawayasaurus with a similar count of 56 lacks the dumbbell-shaped articular faces that are present on the vertebrae of Vegasaurus. Additional traits rarely seen in other elasmosaurid include: a tapered front-side projection on the pubis that extends to the side beyond the acetabulum, a longitudinal ridge on the side of most neck vertebrae up to cervical 69, a clavicular arch that is wider than the adjacent front edge of the scapula, the lack of pectoral and pelvic bar, a tip of the tail that is made of seven fused tail vertebrae, and a slender humerus with a width-to-length ratio of 0.56, among other traits.Albertonectes is known from a mature individual, as suggested by the fused neural spines and most cervical ribs to their centra, and by the only partial connection between the trochanter and the capitulum (head) of the femur, seen in TMP 2007.011.0001. Other observation also support an adult age, e.g. rough and wrinkled vertebral surfaces as well as well-developed facets and articulations on its wrist and ankle bones.

17168956494820261964

Q1631733

Howard Boatwright Howard (Leake, Jr.) Boatwright (Newport News, Virginia, March 16, 1918 – Syracuse, New York, February 20, 1999) was an American composer, violinist and musicologist. Biography He studied the violin with Israel Feldman in Norfolk, Virginia, and made his début at New York Town Hall in 1942. He was assistant professor of violin at the University of Texas, Austin, from 1943 to 1945. He then studied music theory and composition at Yale University (BM 1947, MM 1948), where he met Paul Hindemith, with whom he studied the viola d’amore. Hindemith urged him to stay at Yale to teach as assistant professor in music theory.He planned to become a violinist instead of a composer, but began writing music in 1941 as a way to court the soprano Helen Strassburger. They were married in 1943 and performed and recorded new music, standard vocal works, and early music together for many years. Helen Boatwright continued to have a distinguished career as a teacher and performer, sometimes in collaboration with her husband and sometimes independently. The couple had three children: a daughter Alice and two sons, Howard III and David Alexander.Boatwright became the music director at St Thomas's Church, New Haven, Connecticut, in 1949, a position he held until 1964. It was there that he established a reputation as a pioneer in the performance of early choral music. While in New Haven he also served as conductor of the Yale University Orchestra from 1952 to 1960, and he was the concertmaster of the New Haven Symphony Orchestra from 1950 until 1962.In 1964 he became the dean of the school of music at Syracuse University, and from 1971 he also served as a professor of music in composition and theory. At Syracuse, he transformed the music school, making it an important center for composition and the performance of new music by presenting festivals and establishing an electronic music studio. He also introduced non-Western music to the curriculum, and expanded its early music programs by acquiring collections of antique instruments. From 1969 to 1988, when he stopped teaching, he also directed a summer music program in Switzerland.He was a Fulbright lecturer in India during the year 1959–60 and received a Fulbright grant to study in Romania, 1971–2. A pioneering scholar of Charles Ives, he was elected to the board of directors of the Charles Ives Society in 1975. Indeed, he demonstrated an unusually wide breadth of erudition as a scholar, publishing writings on music theory, ethnomusicology, Charles Ives, and Paul Hindemith. Music Boatwright's musical compositions are full of chromaticism, although "adhering to traditional classical structures and by using rugged harmonies to support arching, shapely themes, he invariably created pieces with an appealing clarity, directness and emotional resonance".He initially concentrated on sacred choral music, but later added secular works for chorus and solo songs with piano or instruments, and instrumental works. The most notable of his instrumental works are the Quartet for clarinet and strings, which received an award from the Society for the Publication of American Music in 1962; the Symphony; and his Second String Quartet.His earliest choral works are modal, and he "revived the modalities of early church music, using modern harmonies and linear counterpoint". The subsequent chamber works were influenced by Hindemith's middle-period style. In 1966 Boatwright started to develop a style he referred to as 'dodecaphonic, though not serial', where he appropriated the total of chromatic resources while still exercising control over harmony, all within the context of a layered, contrapuntal approach. This technique (described in his book Chromaticism) is demonstrated in his Second Quartet, a work both consistent in style and impressive in its ability to project a wide variety of moods.Most of his songs were inspired by his wife's "clear-voiced soprano". "Though his refined, intelligent, atonal songs require advanced musicianship, the natural declamation and pliant, expressive vocal lines make them gratifying to sing." His compiled set of Five Early Songs are highlighted by Carmen et al., requiring "an intelligent singer with good technique and musicianship." Clifton referred to his songs titled From Joy to Fire as "an effective cycle of five brief songs".

1861529772625942558

Q7867900

USS Brush World War II On 30 August 1944 Brush arrived at Pearl Harbor and after training got underway for Eniwetok, Marshall Islands on 28 September. From Eniwetok she escorted convoys to Ulithi and the Palau Islands.Serving with the 5th and 3rd Fleets she took part in the Leyte operation (5 November – 16 December 1944); Luzon-Formosa-China coast-Nansei Shoto strikes (3–22 January 1945); invasion of Iwo Jima and the supporting 5th Fleet raids (15 February – 5 March), and Okinawa operation (17 March – 27 April), including 21 April bombardment of Minami Daito Shima. She retired to Ulithi, Caroline Islands, where she lay 30 April – 10 May before joining the 5th Fleet for the projected invasion of Kyushu, Japan. Brush lay at anchor in Leyte Gulf from 13 June to 1 July 1945 and then departed for a raid on the Japanese island of Hokkaidō. On 22 July Brush and other destroyers of her squadron conducted an anti-shipping sweep near the entrance of Tokyo Bay. She remained in this area on air-sea rescue duty until 14 September when she steamed into Tokyo Bay. On 24 September 1945 she left the Far East for the United States.She arrived at Seattle, Washington, 15 October 1945 and operated along the west coast until early 1946 when she departed for Guam. She remained at Guam until 9 March and then steamed to Tsingtao, China, arriving on the 19th. With the exception of two voyages to the Philippine Islands, she operated in the East China Sea between Tsingtao and Shanghai until January 1947. Brush returned to Guam 18 January 1947 for repairs. Repairs completed 16 February 1947, she sailed to San Diego, via Saipan, Kwajalein, and Pearl Harbor, arriving 24 March. Until May 1950 Brush remained on the west coast participating in local operations, plane guard duties, and type training. Korea In May 1950 she was ordered to the Far East and entered Formosan waters as a unit of TF 77 on 29 June 1950. She screened the carrier units during the United Nations air strikes against North Korea and participated in shore bombardment. On 26 September 1950 while shelling the shore off Tanchon, Korea, Brush struck a mine, ripping her midships section and breaking her keel. Thirteen men were killed and 31 injured. Brush received temporary repairs at Japan and returned under her own power to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, arriving on 22 December 1950.Almost a year later Brush departed on her second Korean cruise. She stopped at Pearl Harbor for one month and then joined TF 77 for anti-submarine and anti-aircraft duties off Korea until 25 February 1952. In March Brush was assigned to the Formosan patrol and then participated in hunter-killer exercises off Okinawa. She returned to Japan 12 April and joined the blockade of Korea's west coast with TF's 95 and 77. She returned to San Diego 26 June 1952.Brush operated off the California coast until February 1953 when she commenced her third Korean cruise. She returned to the United States 30 August.Brush conducted seven more Western Pacific deployments over the next decade (4 May – 5 December 1954; 30 June 1955 – 15 February 1956; 31 August 1957 – 1 March 1958; 25 October 1958 – 22 April 1959; 1 January – 28 July 1960; 29 July 1961 – 9 March 1962; 13 March – 1 October 1964), each involving carrier escort, ASW exercises and the occasional Formosa patrol. During the last 1964 deployment, Brush cruised in the Gulf of Tonkin as American intervention in Vietnam escalated.Over the next five years, Brush conducted three Vietnam deployments (20 November 1965 – 13 May 1966; 8 April – 6 October 1967; 20 August 1968 – 4 March 1969), each marked by intensive patrol and gunnery operations in the South China Sea. Fate Brush was decommissioned and stricken from the register on 27 October 1969. She was subsequently sold to Taiwan 9 December 1969, and renamed Hsiang Yang, which was later stricken in 1984 and transferred to Naval Weapons School and then broken up for scrap.Brush received five battle stars for World War II service and four battle stars for her Korean operations.

4084219815514630033

Q218549

Whistling heron Description The whistling heron measures 53 to 64 cm in length and weighs 521 to 546 g. The southern subspecies is bigger but has a shorter bill in proportion to the body.The overall impression of standing birds is gray, with flying birds showing conspicuous white rear parts (lower back, belly, and tail). In both subspecies, adults' upperparts except the lower back are blue-gray. The feathers of the sides of head, sides of the neck, breast, and scapular area are basically white but are stained gold to buff, perhaps by the powder down typical of herons or by secretions of the preen gland; the color varies from bird to bird. In the nominate subspecies, the crown and crest (separate plumes up to 4 cm long on the nape) are black and the upper wing coverts are cinnamon-colored; the crown and crest are slate-gray and the upper wing coverts are honey-colored (or "chamois") in fostersmithi. The bill is pink with blue to violet at the base and the distal third black, the legs are greenish and rather short, and there is a fairly big area of bare bluish skin around the eye.Juveniles have the same overall pattern but are duller than adults, with the crown lighter, the breast light gray, and the throat and sides unstained white. Chicks are undescribed.The bird is named for its most common call, a "loud, flute-like whistled kleeer-er" or "a high, reedy, complaining whistle, often doubled or uttered in a ser[ies], wueeee, wueeee,.…, easily imitated" or "a distinctive, characteristic, far-carrying, melodious whistle" that "can be rendered 'kee, kee, kee.'" It may also give "a slow, drawn-out whistle" when taking off. The alarm call is a harsh quah-h-h.Unlike other herons, in flight it has fast, duck-like wingbeats and usually does not retract its neck fully. Range and habitat The subspecies fostersmithi inhabits the Llanos and the Orinoco basin of Colombia and Venezuela. The subspecies sibilatrix inhabits eastern Bolivia, Paraguay, western and southern Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, and northeastern Argentina. Recent records suggest that it may be expanding its range northward and eastward in Brazil. It makes seasonal movements at least in northeastern Venezuela, where it does not occur from November to January, but remains all year in other areas, such as Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.It occurs at altitudes up to 500 m (with a sight record from 2300 m) in seasonally flooded savanna, often in drier grassy situations than other herons, but also in a wide variety of open waterlogged or shallowly submerged terrain. Because it roosts in trees, it particularly likes regions where open areas are mixed with woodlots. It has no objection to human-altered habitats such as pastures and roadsides, and it often perches on fenceposts.Although patchily distributed, it is common in many areas, with no population considered vulnerable. It benefits from deforestation and some agriculture. As a successful heron of dry tropical country, it has been compared to two species originating in the Old World: the cattle egret and the black-headed heron. Feeding This species eats any small dryland and marsh animals it can catch, or even pirate (as from an aplomado falcon in one reported incident). It often holds still but also walks very slowly and may use more active techniques, even running after prey or catching flying insects (notably dragonflies) from a standing position. It may allow humans to approach fairly closely rather than leave a good feeding spot. It typically feeds alone or in pairs, but is sometimes seen in groups up to 100, especially before roosting for the night. Reproduction In a courtship display, the birds fly back and forth and glide in circles. A captive pair displayed by raising their plumes.This species nests alone, unlike most herons, which nest in colonies. It may nest in mature trees such as araucarias or exotic trees. One nest in Argentina was loosely built of sticks about 4m up in a eucalyptus. The eggs are pale blue and speckled, about 4.7 × 3.6 cm, and the normal clutch is three or four. Incubation lasts about 28 days, and young fledge 42 days after hatching. Egg survival has been measured at 28% and nestling survival at 40%; storms that destroy nests are an important cause of losses. Based on observations of family groups, only two young normally fledge. Unlike most heron species, whistling herons care for young after leaving the nest; juveniles beg for food by hissing with their wings drooped. Taxonomy Skeletal resemblances to the night herons have led to a debate about whether the whistling heron is related to them, but since the 1980s it has been at least provisionally considered a relative of the genus Egretta, with little doubt that it belongs in a genus of its own. Cultural significance Indigenous peoples formerly used its neck plumes as trade items, though not so heavily as to reduce populations.

12124232811800070389

Q2887938

Battle of El Caney Background At El Caney, Cuba, 514 Spanish regular soldiers, together with approximately 100 armed Spanish and Cubans loyal to Spain under the command of General Joaquín Vara de Rey y Rubio were instructed to hold the northwest flank of Santiago against the American 2nd Division, Fifth Army Corps commanded by Brigadier General Henry Ware Lawton. Battle Although the Spanish defenders had no machine guns, they were well equipped with modern smokeless powder rifles and a battery of two modern breech-loading 80mm mountain howitzers (Cañón de 8 cm Plasencia Modelo 1874, designed by Colonel Plasencia of the Spanish Army) that also utilized smokeless ammunition. The Spanish regular infantry was armed with fast-firing M1893 7mm Mauser rifles, while the loyalists were equipped with single-shot Remington Rolling Block rifles in .43 Spanish (using blackpowder). Denied promised reinforcements from Santiago, Vara de Rey and his forces held over 6,000 Americans from their position for nearly twelve hours before retreating, preventing General Lawton's men from reinforcing the U.S. assault on San Juan Hill.Some of the American forces were hindered by their equipment; in the case of the 2nd Massachusetts, the men were equipped with antiquated black-powder single-shot .45-70 Springfield rifles. According to Frederick E. Pierce, a trooper of the 2nd Massachusetts, the Americans "received such a shower of bullets that it seemed at one time as if the company must be wiped out of existence." Because of this unequal contest, the 2nd Massachusetts was later taken out of the line and replaced with troops armed with more modern weapons.The American forces also lacked effective support fire, as the single Gatling Gun Detachment had been sent to support the troops assaulting San Juan heights. General Lawton's artillery support consisted of a single battery of four 3.2-inch (81 mm) Model 1885 field guns—light breech-loading rifled cannon using black-powder ammunition. The relatively short range of the American gun battery—together with the signature cloud of black smoke generated with each volley—forced gun crews to endure a fusillade of Mauser rifle fire from the Spanish defenders. General Lawton's initial decision to continually shift the battery's fire to multiple targets resulted in minimal effect on the Spanish strongpoints. Continued assaults took a heavy toll of the attackers. During the fighting, General Vara del Rey was wounded in both legs. While being evacuated on a stretcher, Vara del Rey and his escorts came under intense American fire. Vara del Rey and several Spanish officers accompanying the group (including one of the General's sons) were killed by American fire as they tried to evacuate. His body was later found after the battle by a group of Spanish officers sent to locate him, and he was buried nearby. Despite Vara del Rey's death, Spanish resistance continued.After an initial repulse, Lawton ordered his battery of four 3.2-inch guns, commanded by Capt. Allyn Capron, to concentrate fire on the El Viso strongpoint in the Spanish defenses. Capron's guns successfully breached the strongpoint walls at a range of 1,000 yards. An attack was then launched by two U.S. infantry regiments, the 12th Infantry and the 25th Infantry, and after a bloody firefight, El Viso was captured. Private T. C. Butler, Company H, 25th Infantry, was the first man to enter the blockhouse at El Caney, and took possession of the Spanish colors. Once El Viso was taken, the U.S. battery reduced each Spanish strongpoint in turn. The fighting ended about 5:00pm with the withdrawal of the Spanish troops. Aftermath Though eventually successful, the attack on the fortifications of El Caney had proved to be of little real value. The attack on two strongly defended points at both El Caney and San Juan diluted the strength of American forces, resulting in delays and additional casualties.About 185 Spanish escaped to the north, but Vara del Rey, his two sons, and his brother perished. One of the Spanish wounded was Colonel Salvador Diaz Ordóñez, who commanded the Spanish artillery and was the designer of the Ordóñez guns that the Spanish used as coastal artillery in Cuba.Approximately 400–600 of the retreating Spanish defenders at El Caney later participated in a hastily organized counterattack against troopers of the U.S. 3rd Cavalry and the 1st Volunteer Cavalry atop Kettle Hill. After closing to within 200 yards of Kettle Hill, they were taken under fire at a range of 600 yards by a single ten-barrel .30 Gatling Gun atop San Juan Hill manned by Sgt. Green of the Gatling Gun Detachment. According to Spanish commanders captured after the battle, all but 40 of the 600 attacking Spanish troops were killed by the Gatling gun fire.General Vara del Rey's body was relocated where it had been buried and was exhumed five months after the battle by a Spanish commission. The commission members were accompanied by Cuban Captain Alberto Plochet and a sergeant, who recognized the general by his insignia, his long beard, and an enormous Remington bullet hole in his skull.

16574532790400437662

Q7637864

Summit railway station, Wellington Region Construction Construction of Summit station was covered by the Summit Contract for the Rimutaka Incline. Seven tenders were submitted for the work, with the contract being let to Messrs. Collie, Scott and Wilkinson for the sum of £18,701. It was expected that the contract would be completed between 12 July 1874 and 22 July 1876, and covered the station yard, drainage works and Summit Tunnel.The yard was formed by cutting a terrace into the hillside, with the excavated fill being dumped on the opposite side of the yard. Further ground was levelled in the hillside above the yard on which houses were built. Over time, further ground was filled in on which to extend the yard and tracks.Once the yard had taken shape, work started on the tunnel, which was originally known as Rimutaka Tunnel. It was to be approached through a cutting six chains long and up to 60 feet deep. The line started out at a gradient of 1 in 1,000 on entering the tunnel for 12 chains, 1 in 300 for 11 chains, then got progressively steeper at 1 in 92, 44, 20 and exited the tunnel at 1 in 15. The tunnel had a horseshoe cross-section, with the apex being at 15 feet.Six weeks into the contract and the approaches to the Wellington end of the yard had been excavated to a depth of 10 feet for about six chains, a depth that had to be increased later. At the Wairarapa end of the workings, the approach cutting to the tunnel had been completed and about 40 feet of the tunnel driven. In December 1874, on learning of the slow progress the contractors were making on the tunnel, the Government made the first of many complaints, which seemed to have the desired effect. The Evening Post, a critic of the railway, reported in the following March that work was proceeding rapidly and satisfactorily.The following June, work on the tunnel was proceeding at about a chain a month, little faster than before. It would not be until March 1877 before the two headings met. The Public Works Department later lined the tunnel after the rails reached Summit so work trains could be used to bring in supplies. The Summit Contract was finally completed on 10 December 1877, 17 months late. Operations Platelaying was completed from four miles north of Upper Hutt to Summit between October 1877 and March 1878. Summit yard originally had a simple layout, but increasing traffic brought about additions. The final extended layout was reached in 1903, when full signalling and interlocking was introduced. Although Summit had an engine shed until the 1920s, it seems doubtful whether locomotives were ever based there. It had a water service but no coal supply.Being at the top of the Rimutaka Ranges, Summit had an unenviable reputation with regard to its climate. It was often subject to strong winds and high rainfall. Railway staff based there relied on the trains to supply all their needs.As best as can be determined, the layout of the yard on the commencement of operations in 1878 consisted of the main line, two loops, a short siding from the main line on the north side and a siding to a small engine shed opposite. The capacity of the loops was 33 and 17 wagons respectively, and on the sidings, four and eight wagons. In the early 1880s, safety sidings were laid at both ends of the yard, and in 1898 more sidings were provided. Increasing traffic levels prompted a major reorganisation of the yard in 1903, with the north end extended and a new approach curve established, more sidings laid, and mechanical interlocking installed with a new signal box for the lever frame and associated equipment.There was never any station building; the only structures on site being the signal box, five or six houses, and a locomotive shed until the late 1920s. In later years, a larger ashpit, turntable and 15,000 gallon water tank were installed.Summit was one of the first stations on the Wairarapa Line to receive signals, with their being first listed in the working timetable of 1887. Instructions for the crossing of trains laid down that southbound trains were to take the siding or loop, and northbound trains were to take the main line. The safety sidings had ground discs to indicate the position of the points, and both ends of the yard were protected by home signals. The signals in use at the time were of the slotted post semaphore type. In 1903 when the yard was reorganised, the old slotted post signals were replaced with balance-arm semaphore signals.The final train to pass through Summit was a Carterton Show Day excursion, on the evening of Saturday 29 October 1955. The station, and the line over the Rimutaka Ranges were closed by the following day while work proceeded on preparing the Rimutaka Tunnel and deviation for opening for traffic. Most of the rail between Summit and Cross Creek was removed by March 1956, and the buildings were sold on-site for removal. Today Summit station yard is now part of the Rimutaka Rail Trail, a public walking/cycling track that was opened on 1 November 1987. A small shelter shed was erected, and picnic facilities provided. There are the remains of some locomotives on display at the northern end of the yard, where the turntable pit can also be seen. A row of large pine trees has been planted on the downward side of the yard. The original approach curve to the northern end of the yard can still be seen. Future The Rimutaka Incline Railway, a project of the Rimutaka Incline Railway Heritage Trust to reinstate and operate a heritage railway on the original Wairarapa Line formation between Maymorn and Featherston, plans to incorporate Summit yard in its operations, including a new station building, turntable and marshalling yards. Though the trust has already participated in tree planting work at the Summit site and Summit operations are included in Stage 1 of the project, any operation at the site is some years away as a great deal of work remains to establish the Maymorn site and obtain permission to use the railway formation before construction commences. However, local authorities are against closing down the existing Rimutaka Rail Trail to public use, though the Trust does have plans to create a new walk way alongside their reinstatement.

6793072947104623277

Q2226763

Medal of Honor: Frontline Gameplay Frontline is a first-person shooter where players take control of the protagonist player character in a first-person perspective where they fight through levels set during the Second World War against the Wehrmacht using historical weaponry of the era, performing a series of military operations. Briefings take place at the start of each mission, which advance the plot and introduce new characters. Each mission is structured through a number of linear levels, each with differing locations, levels of action and styles of gameplay. Initially the player character begins on the frontlines during D-Day backed up by other computer AI-controlled soldiers with an emphasis on fast action-orientated gun-based gameplay. As the story progress however, the player character is sent on a variety of other missions including a number of covert and undercover operations in locations such as military based, German-occupied towns and manors, submarines and countryside settings. The player character is tasked with objectives during levels that range from infiltration, espionage, rescue and recon. Because of the variety between missions and locations, gameplay also changes pace. While many missions involve Allied assaults on German targets others include elements of stealth and exploration. For example, one selections of missions has the player detach from an allied raid to infiltrate a German U-Boat in order to get to a secret facility while another has them rendezvous and sneak into a German headquarters in disguise to rescue an operative. Many missions are performed solo but also sometimes include an AI companion for backup. Health is determined by a health bar that can be replenished using a selection of "medikits" found throughout levels with varying degrees of effect.During missions, players can earn medals by the end of each level be meeting requirements such as completions of objectives, eliminating a number of enemies and maintaining a percentage of health throughout, all represented by a bronze, silver or gold star. Plot Frontline starts with Lieutenant James Steven "Jimmy" Patterson storming Omaha Beach as a part of Operation Overlord, (It is considered that the introduction to the game is taken from the film Saving Private Ryan) after which the OSS sends him to disrupt German U-boat operations. The OSS discovers that the Germans are building a secret weapon, but their contact in the Dutch Resistance goes missing. As a result, Lt. Patterson joins up with the 82nd Airborne during Operation Market Garden to find him. After finding the contact and rescuing him from German custody, the OSS learns that the secret weapon is a highly advanced jet fighter called HO-IX. Lt. Patterson embarks to destroy the aircraft, however en route he has to cross the Nijmegen Bridge, disarm explosives, and send supplies to the British 1st Airborne Division trapped in Arnhem. The OSS track down the man in charge of building the fighter (An SS Hauptsturmführer named Rudolf Ulbricht von Sturmgeist). Lt. Patterson is sent to Emmerich to track Sturmgeist, but once aboard the SS Officer's personal train, Patterson is unable to catch him before he is able to escape. Even though the man-hunt for Sturmgeist was fruitless, Lt. Patterson manages to destroy a vital German supplies coach. Lt. Patterson infiltrates the secret airfield outside Gotha where the fighter is held, cripples German aircraft production, fights and kills Sturmgeist, and escapes the airfield using the HO-IX. Development For Medal of Honor: Frontline, "EA Los Angeles decided to make Patterson the star of the D-Day level in order to streamline the plot and eliminate the confusion of switching main characters." High-definition remaster At E3 2010, a high-definition version of Frontline was announced. The remastered version of Frontline was included in the PlayStation 3 version of Medal of Honor (2010) with updated gameplay options and also trophies support and remastered with high-definition graphics. The player has the option to play with the classic gameplay, such as dual stick turning/strafing controls and dual button weapon switching, or modern based gameplay with iron sights, single stick looking and strafing, and button press crouching controls. In August 2011, Frontline was released for PlayStation Network.

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