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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiang%20Kum%20Kam
Wiang Kum Kam
Wiang Kum Kam (; ) is an historic settlement and archaeological site along the Ping River, which was built by King Mangrai the Great as his capital before he moved it to Chiang Mai. It was flooded and abandoned more than 700 years ago; that move became more understandable in 2005, when the ancient city was flooded three separate times as the river overflowed its banks in that area of Chiang Mai. History Wiang Kum Kam is an ancient city ( wiang "walled city") located in Saraphi District in the northern region of Thailand, around south of the southeastern corner of Chiang Mai's city centre. According to the chronicles and archaeological evidence, the old city was built by King Mangrai around the latter part of the 13th century. The city was established as a new capital by the King after his victory over the Mon people's kingdom of Hariphunchai, modern Lamphun. Due to repeated flooding, a new capital, Chiang Mai, was built a few years later. Wiang Kum Kam flourished during the reign of the Mangrai dynasty until the late 16th century. The old city was then lost from history for many years after Chiang Mai was conquered by the Burmese in 1558. There is a presumption that it was seriously flooded again at this time and was finally abandoned. The people were moved back to this area again more than 200 years later with a new community, and it was then named Chang Kham village (). In 1984, the Department of Fine Arts Unit 4 discovered remnants of the old city around Wihan Kan Thom () at Wat Chang Kham () and afterwards excavation was begun; since then many new remains have been found and restoration has proceeded since that time. The main temple of the town is Wat Chedi Liam (originally Wat Ku Kham), which is still occupied by monks. List of sites Note that this list is definitely incomplete. Wat Chang Kham Wat Chang Kham (; "Elephant-Propped Temple") is within the grounds of a working modern temple. It is adjacent to the Wat That Noi site. The name is derived from elephant figures supporting one of the structures. Wat Chedi Liam / Wat Ku Kham Wat Chedi Liam (; "Temple of the Squared Pagoda"), formerly known as Wat Ku Kham (; "Temple of the Golden Stupa"), is named after its ancient five-level chedi (or Buddhist pagoda) of Mon style, which was copied from a similar structure at Wat Phra That Hariphunchai in Haripunchai (modern Lamphun). It is apparently the only ancient temple in the Wiang Kum Kam archaeological area that remains a working temple with resident monks. In keeping with its Mon roots, Brahma, the Hindu creator, is venerated at the temple in addition to Buddhism. Wat I Khang Wat I Khang (; "Langurs' Temple") is a ruined 16th or 17th century temple named after the former prevalence of wild old world monkeys at the site prior to its excavation and restoration, which are known as khang in Thai. It has a large, mostly intact chedi. Wat Nan Chang Wat Nan Chang (; "Nan Chang's Temple") is a ruined 16th or 17th century temple. Excavated from 2002 to 2003, it primarily provides evidence of ancient flooding in the region, having been inundated by some 1.8 meters of sediment. It is speculated that it was built to face a now dried up route of the Ping River, a major transportation and trade route of historic periods. Wat Phaya Mangrai Wat Phaya Mangrai (; "Temple of King Mangrai") is named after the historic figure Mangrai the Great. Very close to the south-eastern side of Wat Phrachao Ong Dam. Wat Phrachao Ong Dam Wat Phrachao Ong Dam (; "Temple of the Black-Bodied Lord") is named after a burnt bronze Buddha image that was discovered at the site. Very close to the north-western side of Wat Phaya Mangrai. Wat Pu Pia Wat Pu Pia (; "Temple of Old Man Pia") is notable for its relatively good state of preservation, including some stucco work and an intact layout. Wat That Khao Wat That Khao (; "Temple of the White Reliquary) is another ruined temple from the 16th or 17th century that is named after its formerly lime-plastered chedi. Wat That Noi Wat That Noi (; "Temple of the Little Reliquary") is another ruined temple of the area, so named because of its restricted scale. See also Chiang Saen Haripunchai History of Thailand Lanna References Former populated places in Thailand Buildings and structures in Chiang Mai Buddhist temples in Chiang Mai province 13th century in Chiang Mai
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4099793
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C4%B1cak
Arıcak
Arıcak (), is a town of Elazığ Province of Turkey. It is the seat of Arıcak District. Its population is 3,194 (2021). The mayor is Ferit Yıldırım (Ak Parti). References District municipalities in Turkey Populated places in Elazığ Province Arıcak District Kurdish settlements in Elazığ Province
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62483439
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Voice%20Nigeria%20%28season%201%29
The Voice Nigeria (season 1)
The Voice Nigeria Season 1 is the first season of the Nigerian version of the TV series The Voice. It was broadcast on Africa Magic from 10 April 2016 to 31 July 2016 and was sponsored by Airtel and Coca-Cola.The winner earned a recording contract with Universal Music Group, an SUV car worth N7 million and a trip to Abu Dhabi. Coaches and Hosts Teams Color key Battles Color key References Nigeria 2016 television seasons See also The Voice Nigeria The Voice Nigeria (Season 2)
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1606435
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme%20Assault
Extreme Assault
Extreme Assault is a video game developed by Blue Byte. Development The development of the game started in February 1996. The game was developed by 14 people. Reception Extreme Assault received mostly positive reviews. Most critics remarked that the game features stunning graphics even without the use of graphics acceleration cards, and approved of the use of lowbrow, accessible gameplay more commonly associated with console games than PC games. Next Generation disagreed on both points, contending that the graphics only look good if the optional 3dfx card is used, and that the simplistic gameplay and limited story will quickly bore the player. GamePro defended the game with the claim: "While it may be a little short on plot, Extreme Assault has something for every gamer..." GamePro and The Electric Playground both also said the controls are easy to handle even when using just a keyboard. The Electric Playgrounds reviewer also lauded the difficulty curve, saying that "I found myself constantly and fairly challenged throughout the game". In contrast, GameSpot complained that the game's difficulty is "brutal", and criticized the fact that easy mode only allows one to play a portion of the game. Notes References External links 1997 video games Alien invasions in video games Blue Byte games Combat flight simulators DOS games DOS-only games Helicopter video games Tank simulation video games Video games developed in Germany Video games scored by Chris Huelsbeck Video games scored by Fabian Del Priore
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43833101
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93United%20Kingdom%20relations
Bangladesh–United Kingdom relations
Bangladesh–British relations are the foreign relations between Bangladesh and the United Kingdom. Both Bangladesh and the United Kingdom are members of the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations. History The ties between Britain and Bangladesh date back to the British Raj, when the region of Bengal was annexed in 1757. During the Bangladesh Liberation War Britain offered shelter to diplomats and people who escaped the conflict. The British government, politicians and media were also critical of the atrocities committed in Bangladesh and some expressed sympathy for the Mukti Bahini. On 4 February 1972 Britain recognised Bangladesh as an independent country. This led to other European and Commonwealth nations recognising the country of Bangladesh and Bangladesh's induction into the Commonwealth on 18 April 1972. Britain holds the largest 2nd Bangladeshi diaspora in the western world, now numbered at around 500,000, most of whom can trace their ties to the region of Sylhet. The largest open-air Asian festival in Europe, Baishakhi Mela, is a Bangladeshi event held in London. In 1971, hearing Ravi Shankar's distress, former Beatles lead guitarist George Harrison helped organize the Concert for Bangladesh at Madison Square Garden. At the time, Bangladesh had been ravaged by floods, famine, and the Bangladesh Liberation War, which left 10 million people — mostly women and children to flee their homes. The Concert for Bangladesh was one of the most ambitious humanitarian efforts in rock music history, and focused global attention on the crisis in Bangladesh while raising new awareness of UNICEF and its role in the developing world. Modern relations In March 2008, Fakhruddin Ahmed had visited Number 10 to discuss increasing British investment and cooperation in defence and trade, especially on counter-terrorism and duty-free access for LDCs. Britain is the largest foreign investor in Bangladesh and the third biggest export destination for Bangladeshi goods after USA and Germany. At the 7th ISS Asia Security Summit (also known as Shangri-La Dialogue) in Singapore, Bangladesh's foreign advisor Iftekhar Ahmed Chowdhury met with the UK's Defence Minister Des Browne at the sidelines to discuss security and defense relations between the two countries. Browne says he hoped that Bangladesh's modernizing values can reach the Bangladeshi diaspora in the UK. British Bangladeshi The Bangladeshi media has a significant presence in the UK. Bangladeshi channels operate 5 TV channels and over 12 Bangla and English dailies and weeklies. They are doing a commendable job of raising awareness amongst the second and third generation British-Bangladeshis about Bangladesh and its culture. State visit There has been numerous delegation visits since Foreign Secretary Sir Alec Douglas-Home visited Bangladesh in June 1972. The first visit by a prime minister was James Callaghan in 1978. Other prime ministers who had visited Bangladesh are John Major in a 3-day visit January 10–12, 1997 and Tony Blair in 2002. Presidents and Prime Ministers of Bangladesh such as Sheikh Mujib, Ziaur Rahman and Fakhruddin Ahmed have visited the UK. Prime Minister of Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina paid an official visit to the United Kingdom on 26–30 January 2011. During the visit Hon'ble Prime Minister had bilateral talks with the British Prime Minister Rt. Hon David Cameron MP on January 27, 2011. Her Royal Highness The Princess Royal, Princess Anne, visited Bangladesh in March 2011. This was her fourth visit to Bangladesh. During the course of her visit, Princess Anne met the President, the Prime Minister, and the members of civil society. Bangladeshi prime minister Sheikh Hasina visited UK for Girl Summit at London. More significantly, it was Hasina's first visit to any Western country after the 2014 elections. Prime Minister Hasina emphasised the Bangladesh-UK bilateral relations to explain the positive outcomes of her participation in the Girl Summit with British prime minister David Cameron. British aid in Bangladesh Bangladesh and the UK jointly organised the London Climate Change Conference held on September 10, 2008. The Conference was organized primarily to highlight Bangladesh's strategic plans to mitigate climate change affects as well as to help bolster its adaptation programmes. The London Conference also established a Multi-Donor Trust Fund for Bangladesh. The UK pledged £75 million ( over five years) to support Bangladesh in adaptation program in the face of adverse impacts of climate change. In 2009, UK development commitment was $216 million which increased to around $250 million for 2010. Lately, the Department for International Development (DFID) announced that it would spend £1 billion (equivalent to $1.66 billion) in Bangladesh for the between 2011 and 2015. It has committed to spend an average of £250 million (equivalent to $415 million) per year between 2011 and 2015. It is worthwhile to note that, despite the global financial melt-down and worldwide reduction in aid flow, UK development assistance has increased significantly. Total UK assistance to Bangladesh since independence has been around £3 billion. Trade and investment There has been over 119% growth in bilateral trade in goods and services between 2007 and 2012. The UK exported £450 million of goods and services to Bangladesh in 2013. 71% of this was services. Exports of goods were £131 million in 2014. The UK's main exports to Bangladesh in 2013 were nuclear reactors for medical purpose, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances / parts electrical machinery and equipment / parts; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts / accessories, iron and steel residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal fodder. The UK is the 3rd single largest destination for Bangladesh's exports, after the United States and Germany. Over the years Bangladesh's exports to the UK enjoys a steady annual growth. Total Bangladesh export to the UK in 2010-11 was US$2.001 billion, 33% higher than the previous year. Some of the major British concerns present in Bangladesh include Aventis, Berger Paints, BOC Bangladesh, British American Tobacco, Cairn Energy, Duncan Brothers, GEC, GlaxoSmithKline, GCM Energy, HSBC, James Finlay, Meghna Energy, P&O Nedlloyd, Price Waterhouse Coopers, Reckitt Benckiser, Standard Chartered, Tetley, ACI, Tullow Bangladesh, Unilever and World-Tel. United Kingdom has been one of the top sources of remittance. At present, UK is then 5th largest source of remittance. Actual flow of remittance from UK in the period 2009-2011 is $890 million. In the 2012-13 fiscal year Bangladesh exported $2.2 billion worth of goods to UK and imported $2 billion worth goods and services from UK. Defence and security cooperation The UK has also been a direct victim of terrorist attack during London bombings in 7/7. Bangladesh and the UK enjoy close cooperation in this particular area. Both Governments are working together to foster best possible cooperation in counter-terrorism measures. The first meeting of the Bangladesh - UK Joint Working Group (JWG) on Counter Terrorism (CT) was held in Dhaka on June 28, 2009. The concept of Joint Working Group is that of an “informal method of engagement” to facilitate dialogue between the two governments across agreed standards. The purpose of JWG is to identifying current areas of counter-terrorism cooperation and ways to enhance them, identifying new areas of CT engagement and sharing of views and experiences on best practice. The extent of Counter-terrorism cooperation includes training and information sharing. Defence and security cooperation between Bangladesh and the UK has been warm and intense. The UK's continual support to provide all out assistance in developing and training the Bangladeshi Armed Forces is well marked. A good number of Bangladeshi Armed Forces personnel are trained in UK every year at the Sandhurst Royal Military Academy, Royal College of Defence Studies and at the Joint Defense Command Staff Courses. UK has also provided significant military and advisory assistance in setting up the prestigious Defense Services Command and Staff College and the National Defence College (NDC) of Bangladesh. British Military Assistance Team had been in Bangladesh as instructors for many years. The two Navies are also cooperating closely while most of the ships of Bangladesh Navy (BN) have been procured from Royal Navy thereby facilitating BN achieve commendable capability. The Royal Navy has also provided technical advice in setting up important BN infrastructure such as BN Dockyard. The two armed forces have also been working closely in UN Peace-keeping missions and in the global war on terror. Exchange of high-profile military visits has also been a hallmark of defense cooperation between the two countries. This excellent cooperation is expected to grow in the future. See also British Bangladeshi History of Bangladeshis in the United Kingdom British Council Bangladesh References External links British High Commission in Bangladesh Bangladesh Embassy in UK Government of United Kingdom Bangladesh and the Commonwealth of Nations United Kingdom Bilateral relations of the United Kingdom Relations of colonizer and former colony United Kingdom and the Commonwealth of Nations
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"years", "Bang", "lad", "esh", "'", "s", "ex", "ports", "to", "the", "UK", "en", "joy", "s", "a", "stead", "y", "annual", "growth", ".", "T", "ot", "al", "Bang", "lad", "esh", "ex", "port", "to", "the", "UK", "in", "2010", "-", "11", "was", "US", "$", "2", ".", "00", "1", "billion", ",", "33", "%", "higher", "than", "the", "previous", "year", ".", "Some", "of", "the", "major", "British", "concer", "ns", "present", "in", "Bang", "lad", "esh", "include", "A", "vent", "is", ",", "Ber", "ger", "P", "aints", ",", "B", "O", "C", "Bang", "lad", "esh", ",", "British", "American", "T", "ob", "ac", "co", ",", "C", "air", "n", "En", "ergy", ",", "Dun", "can", "Bro", "thers", ",", "G", "EC", ",", "Gl", "ax", "o", "Smith", "K", "line", ",", "G", "C", "M", "En", "ergy", ",", "H", "S", "BC", ",", "James", "Fin", "lay", ",", "Me", "gh", "na", "En", "ergy", ",", "P", "&", "O", "N", "ed", "ll", "oy", "d", ",", "Pr", "ice", "Water", "house", "Co", "op", "ers", ",", "Re", "ck", "itt", "Ben", "ck", "is", "er", ",", "Stand", "ard", "Char", "ter", "ed", ",", "T", "et", "ley", ",", "AC", "I", ",", "T", "ull", "ow", "Bang", "lad", "esh", ",", "Un", "ile", "ver", "and", "World", "-", "Tel", ".", "United", "Kingdom", "has", "been", "one", "of", "the", "top", "sources", "of", "rem", "itt", "ance", ".", "At", "present", ",", "UK", "is", "then", "5th", "largest", "source", "of", "rem", "itt", "ance", ".", "Act", "ual", "flow", "of", "rem", "itt", "ance", "from", "UK", "in", "the", "period", "2009", "-", "2011", "is", "$", "8", "90", "million", ".", "In", "the", "2012", "-", "13", "f", "is", "cal", "year", "Bang", "lad", "esh", "ex", "ported", "$", "2", ".", "2", "billion", "worth", "of", "good", "s", "to", "UK", "and", "im", "ported", "$", "2", "billion", "worth", "good", "s", "and", "services", "from", "UK", ".", "Def", "ence", "and", "security", "co", "operation", "The", "UK", "has", "also", "been", "a", "direct", "vict", "im", "of", "ter", "ror", "ist", "attack", "during", "London", "bomb", 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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982%20invasion%20of%20the%20Falkland%20Islands
1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands
The Invasion of the Falkland Islands (), code-named Operation Rosario (), was a military operation launched by Argentine forces on 2 April 1982, to capture the Falkland Islands, and served as a catalyst for the subsequent Falklands War. The Argentines mounted amphibious landings and the invasion ended with the surrender of Falkland Government House. Defence Governor Rex Hunt was informed by the British Government of a possible Argentine invasion on 1 April 1982. At 3:30 pm that day he received a telegram from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office stating: Forces involved The Governor summoned the two senior Royal Marines of Naval Party 8901 to Government House in Stanley to discuss the options for defending the Falklands. He said during the meeting, "Sounds like the buggers mean it." Major Mike Norman was given overall command of the Marines due to his seniority, while Major Gary Noott became the military advisor to Governor Hunt. The total strength was 68 Marines and 11 sailors from the Antarctic patrol ship Endurances survey team, commanded by RN Lieutenant Chris Todhunter. That number was greater than would normally have been available because the garrison was in the process of changing over – both the replacements and the troops preparing to leave were in the Falklands at the time of the invasion. This was decreased to 57 when 22 Royal Marines embarked aboard HMS Endurance to join the 13-man British Antarctic Survey (BAS) team under base commander Steve Martin to observe Argentine soldiers on South Georgia. The Royal Navy and author Russell Phillips state that a total of 85 marines were present at Stanley. Their numbers were reinforced by at least 25 Falkland Islands Defence Force (FIDF) members. Graham Bound, an islander who lived through the Argentine occupation, reports in his book Invasion 1982: Falkland Islanders at War that the higher figure of 40 members (including 15 ex-FIDF members) of the FIDF reported for duty at their drill hall. Their commanding officer, Major Phil Summers, tasked the volunteer militiamen (including his son Brian Summers) with guarding such key points as the telephone exchange, the radio station and the power station. Skipper Jack Sollis, on board the civilian coastal ship Forrest, operated his boat as an improvised radar screen station off Stanley. Four other civilians, former Royal Marines Jim Fairfield and Anthony Davies, a Canadian citizen, Bill Curtiss and Rex Hunt's chauffeur, Don Bonner also offered their services to the governor. Rex Hunt himself was armed with a Browning 9 mm pistol. Prior to the main Argentine landings, nine of the British sailors present were placed under the command of the Chief Secretary, Dick Baker, and rounded up 30 Argentine nationals living in Port Stanley and placed them in protective custody next to the Police Station. He recalls: The nine sailors came back to Government House, where they established an information service, leaving the prisoners in custody of RN Lieutenant Richard Ball. Operation Rosario The Argentine amphibious operation began in the late evening of Thursday 1 April, when the destroyer disembarked special naval forces south of Stanley. The bulk of the Argentine force was to land some hours later from the amphibious warfare ship near the airport on a beach previously marked by frogmen from the submarine . The operation had been called Azul (Blue) during the planning stage, but it was finally renamed Rosario. ARA Santa Fe Rosario began with the reconnaissance of Port William by the submarine ARA Santa Fe and the landing of 14 members of the near Cape Pembroke, including the commander of this elite unit, Lieutenant-Commander Alfredo Raúl Cufré. The reconnaissance mission began as early as 31 March, when the trawler Forrest was spotted through the periscope at 10:00 p.m. off Port Stanley. The next day, Santa Fe learned that the authorities in Stanley were aware of the Argentine plans, so a change was necessary. Instead of landing right on Pembroke, the commandos would initially take a beach nearby. The commandos left Santa Fe at 1:40 p.m. and from the beach headed towards Pembroke peninsula in Zodiac boats. They reached Yorke Bay at 4:30 a.m. on 2 April. After planting beacons for the main landing, they took over the airfield and the lighthouse without encountering significant resistance. After the British surrender at Port Stanley, this team was given the task of gathering the Royal Marines and taking them into custody. Attack on Moody Brook barracks On the night of 1–2 April 1982, Santísima Trinidad halted off Mullet Creek and lowered 21 Gemini assault craft into the water. They contained 84 special forces troopers of Lieutenant-Commander Guillermo Sánchez-Sabarots's 1st Amphibious Commandos Group and a small party under Lieutenant-Commander Pedro Giachino, who was second-in-command of the 1st Marine Infantry Battalion and had volunteered for the mission to capture Government House. Argentine Rear Admiral Jorge Allara, through a message radioed from Santisima Trinidad, had requested from Rex Hunt a peaceful surrender, but the request was rejected. Giachino's party had the shortest distance to go: two and a half miles due north. Moody Brook Barracks, the destination of the main party, was away over rough terrain. Sánchez-Sabarots, in the book The Argentine Fight for the Falklands, described the main party's progress in the dark: "It was a nice night, with a moon, but the cloud covered the moon for most of the time. It was very hard going with our heavy loads; it was hot work. We eventually became split up into three groups. We only had one night sight; the lead man, Lieutenant Arias had it. One of the groups became separated when a vehicle came along the track we had to cross. We thought it was a military patrol. Another group lost contact, and the third separation was caused by someone going too fast. This caused my second in command, Lieutenant Bardi, to fall. He suffered a hairline fracture of the ankle and had to be left behind with a man to help him. We were at Moody Brook by 5.30 a.m., just on the limits of the time planned, but with no time for the one hour's reconnaissance for which we had hoped." The main party of Argentine Marines assumed that the Moody Brook Barracks contained sleeping Royal Marines. The barracks were quiet, although a light was on in the office of the Royal Marine commander. No sentries were observed, and it was a quiet night. Sánchez-Sabarots could hear nothing suggesting any action at Government House nor from the distant landing beaches. Nevertheless, he ordered the assault to begin. Sánchez-Sabarots's account continued: "It was still completely dark. We were going to use tear-gas to force the British out of the buildings and capture them. Our orders were not to cause casualties if possible. That was the most difficult mission of my career. All our training as commandos was to fight aggressively and inflict maximum casualties on the enemy. We surrounded the barracks with machine-gun teams, leaving only one escape route along the peninsula north of Stanley Harbour. Anyone who did get away would not be able to reach the town and reinforce the British there. Then we threw the gas grenades into each building. There was no reaction; the barracks were empty." The noise of the grenades alerted Major Norman to the presence of Argentines on the island, so he drove back to Government House. Realising that the attack was coming from Moody Brook, he ordered all troop sections to converge on Government House to enable the defence to be centralised. Around this time, most of the Falkland Islands Defence Force received similar orders and fell back to Drill Hall. Sergeant Gerald Cheek from the FIDF recalled: "We were requested to phone in to HQ whenever possible, and when I made the routine call at 06.00 hours Phil Summers informed me that the Governor had said FIDF members were not to engage with the enemy under any circumstances, and they were to surrender when ordered to do so without offering any resistance." Although there were no Royal Marine witnesses to the assault, British descriptions of the state of Moody Brook barracks afterwards contradict the Argentine version of events. After the Royal Marines were allowed to return to barracks to collect personal items. Norman describes walls of the barracks as riddled with machine gun fire and bearing the marks of white phosphorus grenades – "a classic houseclearing operation". The Argentines maintain that the barracks were destroyed in an air attack by Harriers from No. 1 Squadron RAF on 12 June 1982—involving Flight Lieutenant Mark Hare and Wing Commander Peter Squire—that killed three conscripts and wounded their commander. Amphibious landing at Yorke Bay There was a more pressing action on the eastern edge of Stanley. Twenty LVTP-7A1 Argentine tracked amphibious armoured personnel carriers from Lieutenant-Commander Carlos Alberto Cazzaniga's 1st Amphibious Vehicles Battalion, carrying D and E Companies of the 2nd Marine Infantry Battalion (BIM-2) from Puerto Belgrano, had been landed from the tank landing ship ARA Cabo San Antonio at Yorke Bay, and were being watched by a section of Royal Marines under the command of Lieutenant Bill Trollope. Two Argentine-built landing craft also took part in the landings later that morning and would fall into British hands at the end of the fighting in June. The armoured column drove along the Airport Road into Stanley, with three Amtracs in the vanguard, and, near the Ionospheric Research Station, at exactly 7:15 a.m., was engaged by a section of Royal Marines with anti-tank rockets and machine guns. Lieutenant-Commander Hugo Santillán later wrote an official post-battle report. The Amtrac on the right manoeuvred itself off the road into a little depression and as it did so, disembarked the Marines inside—including one wounded, Private Horacio Tello—out of view. This encouraged the Royal Marines to think that Gibbs had scored a direct hit on the passenger compartment of the APC. According to Santillán, this vehicle took 97 rounds and another lost its tracks. Trollope, with No. 2 Section, describes the action: "Six Armoured Personnel Carriers began advancing at speed down the Airport Road. The first APC was engaged at a range of about 200 to 250 metres. The first three missiles, two 84 mm and one 66 mm, missed. Subsequently one 66 mm fired by Marine [Mark] Gibbs hit the passenger compartment and one 84 mm Marines [George] Brown and [Danny] Betts hit the front. Both rounds exploded and no fire was received from that vehicle. The remaining five APCs which were about 600 to 700 metres away deployed their troops and opened fire. We engaged them with GPMG, SLR and sniper rifle [Sergeant Ernie Shepherd] for about a minute before we threw a white phosphorus smoke grenade and leap-frogged back to the cover of gardens. Incoming fire at that stage was fairly heavy, but mostly inaccurate." According to Governor Hunt in his memoirs, Marines Brown and Betts brought the leading Amtrac to a screeching halt with a direct hit in one of the forward tracks while Marine Gibbs scored another hit in the passenger compartment: "About this time, we received the heartening news that the section led by Mike's second-in-command, Bill Trollope, had knocked out the first APC. They put an 84mm rocket into the tracks and a 66mm rocket into the passenger compartment. They stood ready to shoot anybody who got out, but nobody did." Trollope and his men withdrew along Davis Street, running behind the houses with Argentine Marines in hot pursuit, and went to ground firing up the road when it became obvious they could not reach Government House. Corporal Lou Armour, commanding '1 Section', was positioned at Hookers Point when the invasion began. Shortly after the attack on Moody Brook, he was ordered to withdraw to Government House, meeting up with Corporal David Carr's section along the way. "The marines, now numbering sixteen, decided to try and work their way around to the back of the ridge where the Argentinians were positioned, and then charge down to Government House, hopefully taking the enemy by surprise. But as they moved through the edges of the town they came under fire at every street corner and it was eventually so heavy they had to abandon their plan." As both sections headed off to find Trollope's men, Armour decided to have one more try at getting into Government House. Using fire and manoeuvre to cross a football pitch they then crawled along the hedgerow leading to the gardens where they experienced friendly fire. According to Armour: "I had a running battle with a bunch of Argentines in armored vehicles who were chasing me and my section back toward Stanley. When we eventually got to government house, we were taking fire from three directions: the Argentines who were attacking the house, both behind and in front, and our own guys, who were in the house and thought we were another Argentine snatch squad trying to get in. So that was a bit hairy. An Argentine was killed that day and a few more wounded." They eventually made it to safety via the kitchen door. Again according to Armour: "One Section pepper-potted down the road towards the wood where we knew Government House to be. Movement was slow as we had to crawl and monkey run until we reached the hospital. It was now broad daylight. From there the section fired and manoeuvred behind the nurses' home and across the football pitch until we reached a hedgegrow. I informed Marine Parker to call out, 'Royal Marines!' as we approached the house. We were eventually heard by Corporal Pares, who told us where the enemy were. The section, under cover from Corporal Pares, then dashed into the house where we were deployed upstairs by Major Noott." In the meantime, Corporal Stefan York and his section had been patiently manning their hiding place on the western end of Navy Point. As Argentine landing craft were reported approaching Stanley Harbour, Marine Rick Overall fired a Carl Gustav anti-tank round which the British, in an interview with military historian Martin Middlebrook, claimed to have penetrated the side of an Argentine Marine Landing Craft Vehicle Personnel, killing all on board. According to Lieutenant-Commander Hugo Jorge Santillán, an Amtrack Amphibious Recovery Vehicle around this time had entered Stanley Harbour after the capture of Government House, to carry out emergency repairs on the two amphibious armoured personnel carriers that had been damaged in the earlier gun-battle near the Ionospheric Research Station. Local fireman Neville Bennett kept a dairy of the Argentine occupation and would report seeing one amphibious personnel carrier in difficulty after losing one of its tracks, "Some of the APCs were to be seen moving down the other side of the harbour. One appeared to be in difficulty, I think it had shed a track. One of the helicopters goes over to look at it, all fixed and they move off again towards the naval fuel depot with its tanks and diesel and other stores." Major Mike Norman wrote in his book about the Navy Point defenders: "All well and good, but if an enemy landing craft had been sunk in the Narrows, by Corporal York's 4 Section, I would certainly have heard about it – they were in constant radio contact with my HQ. No such incident was ever mentioned." Battle of Government House Lying on a small hillock south of Government House, Lieutenant-Commander Pedro Giachino faced the difficulty of capturing this tactically important objective with no radio and with a force of only sixteen men. He split his force into small groups, placing one on either side of the house and one at the rear. Unknown to them, the governor's residence was the main concentration point of the Royal Marines, who outnumbered the commandos by over two to one. The first attack against this building came at 6.30 a.m., barely an hour before the Yorke Bay amphibious landing, when one of Giachino's squads, led by Lieutenant Gustavo Adolfo Lugo, started to exchange fire with the British troops inside the house. At the same time, Giachino himself, with four of his subordinates, entered the servants' annex, believing it to be the rear entrance to the residence. Four Royal Marines, Corporals Mick Sellen and Colin Jones and Marines Harry Dorey and Murray Paterson, who were placed to cover the annex, beat off the first attack. Giachino was hit instantly as he burst through the door, while Lieutenant Diego Garcia Quiroga was shot in the arm. The remaining three retreated to the maid's quarters. Giachino was not dead, but very badly wounded. An Argentine combat medic, Corporal Ernesto Urbina, attempted to get to Giachino but was wounded by a grenade. Giachino, seeing what had happened, pulled the pin from a hand grenade and threatened to use it. The Royal Marines then attempted to persuade the officer to get rid of the grenade so that they could give him medical treatment, but he refused, preventing them from reaching his position. After the surrender of the British forces at Government House, some three hours later, Lieutenant-Commander Giachino was taken to Stanley Hospital but died from loss of blood. At the governor's office, Major Norman received a radio report from Corporal York's section, which was positioned at Camber Peninsula, observing any possible Argentine ship entering Stanley Harbour. The corporal proceeded to report on three potential targets in sight and ask which he should engage first. "What are the targets?" the major enquired. "Target number one is an aircraft carrier, target number two is a cruiser", at which point the line went dead. After firing a rocket at an amphibious vehicle heading to Yorke Bay, York decided to withdraw his section and proceeded to booby trap their Carl Gustaf 8.4cm recoilless rifle, before paddling their Gemini assault boat north across Port William. As he did so, York said they were chased and fired upon by an Argentine destroyer (either the corvette ARA Drummond or Granville). His initiative led to the Gemini reaching an anchored Polish fishing vessel and hiding the small assault boat under her shadow. They patiently waited for a chance, before moving to the shore and landing on a small beach. Argentine sources say the Drummond laid down suppressing fire on a cove north of Port William where unidentified personnel had been spotted, in support of Cabo San Antonio, whose crew had reported a "missile falling short to starboard", apparently launched from the area. Other Argentine navy's reports claim that the action at Port Williams was carried out by . Back at Government House, the Argentine commandos' pressure continued. There is some evidence that their use of stun grenades, mistaken as high-explosive rifle-grenades and/or mortars, and their continuous shift of firing positions during the battle led the Royal Marines inside to believe they were facing a large company of marines and were hopelessly outnumbered. Actually, after the failure of Giachino's small platoon to break into the residence, the British were surrounded by only a dozen amphibious commandos. These men were under Lieutenant Lugo, Giachino's second-in-command. The Land Rovers used by the Royal Marines were disabled by automatic gunfire from the commandos. Governor Hunt called Patrick Watts—at the radio station, Radio Stanley—by telephone and said he believed the assaulting force to be the equivalent of a reinforced company: "We're staying put here, but we are pinned down. We can't move.(...) They must have 200 around us now. They've been throwing rifle grenades at us; I think there may be mortars, I don't know. They came along very quickly and very close, and then they retreated. Maybe they are waiting until the APCs [Amtracs] come along and they think they'll lose less casualties that way." Corporals Geordie Gill and Terry Pares, both snipers, also claimed to have shot several Argentines through the chest and head as they attempted to scatter along the hillside overlooking Government House: "We dropped a number of Argentinians as they approached and I had a couple in my sights and made sure they were taken out of the game. It was initially estimated that we had killed five and injured seventeen, but we only counted the bodies that we saw drop in front of us." Major Norman's estimate is that Corporals Pares and Gills killed or wounded some four or five Argentine special forces: "Corporals Pares and Gill, were doing an excellent job. Gill would look through his sniper scope and tell Pares where the enemy were and Pares would fire ten rounds rapid, and as soon as that got them on the move, Gill would take them out with the sniper rifle. They took out four or five this way and all the time they were giving the rest of us a running commentary." In the official history of both sides, Argentine casualties are listed as one killed and three badly wounded outside Government House. Another three Argentine Marines (Private Horacio Tello, Padre Ángel Maffezini and Lieutenant-Commander Hugo Santillán) were injured taking cover in the skirmishes in and around Port Stanley. During the gun-battle, Kenneth Clarke was one of four British correspondents covering the events from the home of the Governor's Secretary as the Argentine Marine Special Forces sheltering behind hedges and rocks attacked Government House less than 100 metres away. Clarke could hear the gunfire and feel the explosions. As dawn broke a bullet from an Argentine sniper came through a bedroom window and parted his hair. Around 7.30 a.m., the local police commander Ronnie Lamb, had to order two Falkland Islands Police officers to nearby Government House, in order to rescue a civilian, Henry Halliday, as he blissfully headed off to work, despite the fierce gun-battle taking place all around him. Eventually, Hunt decided to enter talks with Argentine commanders around 8:30 a.m., after Major Norman warned him "that our defence would be determined, unrelenting—but would be relatively short-lived". The liaison was Vice-Commodore Hector Gilobert, the head in the islands of LADE, the Argentine government's airline company. Gilobert and a governor's deputy went to the Argentine headquarters displaying a white flag. A de facto ceasefire was put in place at that time which was occasionally breached by small arms fire. The governor's envoys found the Argentine command post at Stanley's town hall. The Argentine commander accepted the British offer of a face to face meeting with Hunt in his battered office. While the negotiations were still going on, another incident occurred inside the residence. Three Argentine amphibious commandos who survived the first skirmish along the compound inadvertently alerted Major Noott to their presence, while they had been preparing to leave their hiding place. The Major fired his Sterling submachine gun into the ceiling of the maid's room. According to British reports, the stunned commandos tumbled down the stairs, laying their weapons on the ground. They became the first Argentine prisoners of war of the Falklands War, although by then Governor Hunt had already been in contact with Argentine officials negotiating the terms of surrender. The version of Lieutenant Commander Cufré, who was then at Stanley airport, is that the three Amphibious Commandos supporting Giachino's party kept their positions right to the end of the hostilities. Admiral Carlos Büsser, commander in chief of the operation, states that a ceasefire was already in place when the three commandos, after realising that the battle was coming to a close and that any loss of life at the time would be futile, laid down their arms to the marines in order to assist the wounded. Just a few minutes after this event, Government House capitulated. Surrender Meanwhile, the Royal Marines in the house saw the approaching Amtracs that had been engaged earlier by Lieutenant Trollope and his section. The Amtracs were Rex Hunt's biggest problem, because they could take up positions outside the range of the Royal Marines and blast Government House to pieces. The vehicles pushed on toward Moody Brook to link up with Lieutenant-Commander Guillermo Sánchez-Sabarots. His amphibious commandos were plodding slowly along the road to reinforce their colleagues besieging Government House after taking some prisoners near the racecourse. The majority of the FIDF soldiers were captured inside Drill Hall, where they had barricaded themselves a few hours earlier with one section captured near Government House and escorted back to the hall to join their fellow reservists. Two other sections were captured with the fall of Government House and ordered to lie face down with the Royal Marines. In the meantime, the naval detachment from HMS Endurance at Government House began to shred official documents. Major Norman had earlier advised Governor Hunt that the Royal Marines and the governor could break out to the countryside and set up a 'seat of government' elsewhere, but when he finally met the commander of the Argentine seaborne forces, Admiral Büsser, he agreed to surrender his troops to the now overwhelming Argentine forces at 9:30 a.m. It was a hard decision for Governor Hunt to make: "With a heavy heart, I turned to Mike and told him to give the order to lay down arms. I could not bring myself to use the word 'Surrender'. Mike's face was a mixture of relief and anguish: it was not part of his training to surrender, but his good sense told him that there was no real alternative. As Gary accompanied Busser to tend the wounded round Government House, Mike told his radio operator to instruct all sections to down arms and wait to be collected." While Major Noott accompanied Busser outside Government House, the British officer applied morphine and the tourniquet on the Argentine wounded that would staunch the heavy bleeding and, Lieutenant Diego García Quiroga would later say Noott saved his life. He was rushed to Stanley Hospital where two doctors operated on him after cutting through his heavy clothing using scissors. Corporal Ernesto Urbina was given plasma in Stanley Hospital which saved his life. Before Hunt's capitulation, Sánchez-Sabarots had to order a section of his men to release the Argentine nationals that Vice-Commodore Gilobert reported were being held under guard inside Town Hall. But, before they could arrive Commander Alfredo Raúl Weinstabl and his adjutant, Lieutenant Juan Carlos Martinelli and several marines from his tactical headquarters secured the Town Hall and Stanley Police Station buildings. According to Weinstabl: "The town was silent. Arriving at the place we had chosen as the Battalion Command Post, we found abandoned weapons and packs. I ordered Lieutenant Martinelli to recce the building and within a short while he returned with about thirty men and women who came out of it smiling. They were Argentines who had been locked in that place the night before. Almost opposite was the Police Station. Inside were six or seven policemen with their Chief and a group of sailors from an oceanographic research ship. I ordered the Police Chief to send the constables home and to tell them not to come out until they were told." Hunt would later state in mid-April that the defenders fired 6,000 rounds in the fighting at Government House and elsewhere. The Falklands Governor disputed Argentine claims that the seaborne assault resulted in only one Argentine dead and two wounded, telling Time Magazine reporters Briton Hadden and Henry Robinson Luce in their 12 April 1982 article that at least five and possibly 15 invaders were killed and 17 were wounded in the invasion. Major Norman, in 2007, confirmed the defending British marines and Royal Navy sailors fired 6,450 small-arms rounds and 12 rockets in the fighting on 2 April 1982. Fearing that British had established an observation post on Tussock Island, Major Mario Castagneto's 601st Commando Company was sent to clear the island of enemy special forces, but returned empty handed and completely covered in black soot due to another Pucara napalm bombing on 1 May. Nevertheless, several Falkland Islanders maintain the belief that the napalm attacks were part of a cover-up to hide the Argentine losses suffered during the initial fighting codenamed Rosario. After the surrender, the Royal Marines and two rifle sections under Corporals Gerald Cheek and Pat Peck from the FIDF were then herded onto the playing fields. Photographs were taken by British journalist Simon Winchester of The Sunday Times, showing the British prisoners arranged face-down on the ground and were smuggled out by Rex Hunt's son Tony. The images galvanised the British public when they were broadcast on television and increased public opposition to the invasion. Corporal Armour's section had fought on the second floor at Government House and was taken prisoner: "There were three casualties lying in the garden of Government House. You think: What sort of mood are they going to be in when their oppos are shot up? When we were actually lying down I felt a bit humiliated but I also felt apprehensive about what was going to happen next. One of the Argentine officers came along and actually struck one of the guards and told us to stand up. We stood up and he shook my hand and a few other guys' hands and said that we shouldn't lie down, that we should be proud of what we'd done." The Royal Marines had fought with bravery and skill for they had killed one of his best officers—Lieutenant-Commander Giachino, 2IC of the 1st Marine Battalion—Carlos Busser said. Now they could lay down their arms with their military honour intact. The appeal succeeded in that the governor decided he had no choice but to accept the inevitable. The Royal Marines were allowed, 10 at a time, to return to Moody Brook Barracks under armed guard and once inside were given ten minutes to pack their personal belongings. In a final act of defiance, Rex Hunt donned his ceremonial uniform, complete with ostrich plumes and sword, for the drive to Stanley Airport in his staff car before they boarded their plane. "We feel as though we are deserting everyone, but what can we do?" Hunt's tearful wife, Mavis, told British journalist Kenneth Clarke. Soon afterward, the Royal Marines were moved to a C-130 Hercules transport aircraft, which would take them to Comodoro Rivadavia, where they were to be picked up by another airliner to Uruguay and on to the United Kingdom. Members of the FIDF were not taken to Argentina along with members of NP 8901; instead they were disarmed and returned to their homes. The 77 British marines and Royal Navy sailors were treated to a heroes' welcome when they landed on 5 April, at RAF Brize Norton in Britain and in the press conference that followed, Rex Hunt (in the presence of Majors Noot and Norman) informed the world press that the Port Stanley defenders had killed at least five Argentine soldiers, wounded 17 others and captured three attackers, destroying an armored personnel carrier in the process along with 10 more soldiers inside "who never resurfaced". In his final report from Port Stanley that was published on 5 April, Kenneth Clarke from the Daily Telegraph confirmed the tribute that the Argentine Marine Corps commander had paid to the Royal Marine defenders and denied that he and the other British journalists had been subjected to intimidation, as reported by one British newspaper. Corporal York's section remained at large. On 4 April, they reached Long Island Farm owned by a Mrs Watson. York had no radio, and due to worries about possible civilian deaths, chose to surrender to Argentine forces. They gave their position to the Argentine Army using a local islander's radio, and York subsequently ordered his men to destroy and then bury their weapons. Major Patricio Dowling and a platoon from the 181 military police company platoon were helicoptered forward and after roughly handling Yorke's men and posing for pictures, locked up the Royal Marines men in Stanley Police Station. Yorke's section would then be held in Comodoro Rivadavia along with Lieutenant Keith Mill's 22-man platoon and supporting 13-man British Antarctic Survey detachment under Steve Martin captured in South Georgia. In 2022, British tank expert Andrew Hill after examining all the evidence available, concluded that no Argentine Amphibious Personnel Carrier was lost during the invasion, although one clearly lost a track to an anti-tank missile. Stanley Police The police commander, Ronnie Lamb, was deported soon after the occupation and the other full-time officer left soon afterwards on her own accord, leaving a squad of Special Constables who had been recruited hastily on the eve of the invasion but that had left the service—with the exception of 19-year constable Anton Livermore—in the week that followed rather than be seen as cooperating with the enemy. Reaction in the United Nations On 3 April 1982, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 502 demanding an immediate withdrawal of all Argentine forces from the islands and calling on the governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom to seek a diplomatic solution to the situation and to refrain from further military action. Informing London At 16:30 local time on 2 April 1982, the last telex conversation between the operator in the Falklands and an operative in London announced that the islands were under Argentine control. Operation timeline The timeline of the operation was as follows: See also (1982) Footnotes References Barker, Nick (2001). Beyond Endurance: An Epic of Whitehall and the South Atlantic Conflict. Pen & Sword. . Van Der Bijl, Nick (2007). Victory in the Falklands. Pen & Sword. External links Lieutenant Commander Richard D. Chenette, Marine Corps Command and Staff College "Operation Rosario": The Argentine Seizure Of The Malvinas [Falkland] Islands: History and Diplomacy Falklands Island Invasion, Operation Rosario Falklands Islands Defence Force remembers its role RAF account of the Invasion, apparently an excerpt from Way's book British veteran returns to South Georgia Islands Ben Fogle uncovers the untold story of Naval Party 8901 during the Falklands War, 7 April 2022 Conflicts in 1982 Falklands War Operations involving Argentine special forces Military operations of the Falklands War History of the Royal Marines Maritime incidents in 1982 Falkland Islands Frogman operations April 1982 events in South America Amphibious operations involving Argentina Battles of the Falklands War
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"Battle", "of", "Government", "House", "L", "ying", "on", "a", "small", "hill", "ock", "south", "of", "Government", "House", ",", "Lieutenant", "-", "Comm", "ander", "P", "ed", "ro", "G", "ia", "ch", "ino", "faced", "the", "diff", "ic", "ulty", "of", "capt", "uring", "this", "t", "act", "ically", "important", "object", "ive", "with", "no", "radio", "and", "with", "a", "force", "of", "only", "six", "teen", "men", ".", "He", "split", "his", "force", "into", "small", "groups", ",", "plac", "ing", "one", "on", "either", "side", "of", "the", "house", "and", "one", "at", "the", "re", "ar", ".", "Un", "known", "to", "them", ",", "the", "governor", "'", "s", "res", "idence", "was", "the", "main", "con", "centr", "ation", "point", "of", "the", "Royal", "Mar", "ines", ",", "who", "out", "number", "ed", "the", "command", "os", "by", "over", "two", "to", "one", ".", "The", "first", "attack", "against", "this", "building", "came", "at", "6", ".", "30", "a", ".", "m", ".,", "bar", "ely", "an", 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56198324
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nico%20Santos%20%28singer%29
Nico Santos (singer)
Nico Wellenbrink (born 7 January 1993), professionally known as Nico Santos or occasionally as Santos or Santi, is a German singer-songwriter. In 2017, after having been featured on Topic's hit "Home" (2015), he released his breakthrough solo single "Rooftop", which reached the top five in German-speaking Europe, Poland and Slovakia, as well as number one in the Czech Republic. It also received several certifications, including triple gold by the German (BVMI) and quintuple platinum by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry Switzerland (IFPI SWI). Santos' debut studio album, Streets of Gold, was issued in October 2018 and yielded other moderately successful singles alongside "Rooftop", such as "Safe" (2018) and "Unforgettable" (2019). In May 2020, Universal Music Group released his self-titled second record, which fared well commercially and featured three top 40 hits on the German singles chart—"Better" (2019), "Play with Fire" (2019) and "Like I Love You" (2020). While the former was a collaboration with Lena Meyer-Landrut and the latter with Topic, respectively, "Play with Fire" notably reached number 11 in the Czech Republic. Another top 10, "Would I Lie to You", followed in 2021 in the territory, the same year as Santos released the single "Leere Hände" ("Empty Hands") to great commercial success in German-speaking Europe under his last name only. Santos collaborated again with Topic in 2022 on "In Your Arms (For an Angel)", which was listed on Billboard Euro Digital Singles Sales and Hot Dance/Electronic Songs charts, among others. Apart from his solo releases, Santos has co-written or produced songs for a number of German artists, including Bushido, Shindy, Helene Fischer and Mark Forster. His visibility was aided by his participation in the German international song competition Free European Song Contest 2020, which he won with the song "Like I Love You", as well as by his involvement as a coach on The Voice of Germany from its ninth season to the eleventh season. Discography Studio albums Singles As lead artist As featured artist Other charted songs Songwriting and production credits Awards and nominations Notes References External links Official website German record producers 1993 births Musicians from Bremen (city) Living people 21st-century German male singers
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31173469
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelo%20Moriondo
Angelo Moriondo
Angelo Moriondo (6 June 1851 – 31 May 1914) was an Italian inventor, who is usually credited with patenting the earliest known espresso machine, in 1884. His machine used a combination of steam and boiling water to efficiently brew coffee. Early life Moriondo came from an entrepreneurial family. His grandfather founded a liqueur producing company that was continued by his father Giacomo, who later founded the chocolate company Moriondo and Gariglio, along with his brother Agostino and cousin Gariglio. Angelo purchased the Grand-Hotel Ligure in the city-centre Piazza Carlo Felice and the American Bar in the Galleria Nazionale of Via Roma. First espresso machine Moriondo presented his invention at the General Expo of Turin in 1884, where it was awarded the bronze medal. The patent was awarded for a period of six years on 16 May 1884 under the title of "New steam machinery for the economic and instantaneous confection of coffee beverage, method ‘A. Moriondo’." The machine was built by a mechanic named Martina, working under the direct supervision of the inventor. It was successively updated with a patent on 20 November 1884, Vol 34, No, 381. The invention was then confirmed by international patent application after being registered in Paris on 23 October 1885. In the following years, Moriondo continued to improve his invention drastically, each improvement being patented. Moriondo never took the invention to industrial-scale production. He limited himself to the construction of a few hand-built machines, which he jealously conserved in his establishments, convinced that this was a significant advertisement for them. Ian Bersten, a historian chronicling the history of coffee, describes the device as "the first Italian bar machine that controlled the supply of steam and water separately through the coffee" and Moriondo as "one of the earliest discoverers of the expresso machine." Unlike later espresso machines, it was a bulk brewer and did not brew coffee for the individual customer. Legacy On 6 June 2022, search engine Google commemorated Moriondo with a Doodle on his 171st birthday. References 1851 births 1914 deaths 19th-century Italian inventors Businesspeople from Turin Businesspeople in coffee
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15950888
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainte-Osmane
Sainte-Osmane
Sainte-Osmane () is a former commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Val-d'Étangson. The 17th-century French Benedictine Ambroise Janvier (1613–1682) was born in the village. The commune is named after Saint Osmanna, who hermitage was said to be there, afterwards the site of a church. See also Communes of the Sarthe department References Former communes of Sarthe
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69094663
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pje%C5%A1ivac-Greda
Pješivac-Greda
Pješivac-Greda is a village in the municipality of Stolac, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Demographics According to the 2013 census, its population was 417. References Populated places in Stolac Villages in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
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2148546
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennessee%20State%20Route%20317
Tennessee State Route 317
State Route 317 (SR 317) a state highway extending from Chattanooga, Tennessee, through Ooltewah, Collegedale, Apison, and ending in Bradley County. State Route 317 is also known as Bonny Oaks Drive, Volkswagen Drive, Apison Pike, Wesleyan Road, and Weatherley Switch Road SE; It was formerly known as Old Lee Highway. It dead ends into State Route 60 in Bradley County. In Chattanooga, this road crosses State Route 58. History In between Chattanooga and Collegedale SR 317 formerly went along Old Lee Highway to Apison Pike. It has been since rerouted with the completion of the Volkswagen Drive exit on I-75. It now joins I-75 at exits 7 A and B and runs concurrently with I-75 to exit 9, where SR 317 turns along Volkswagen Drive to Apison Pike. TDOT is working to widen and improve the Apison Pike section of SR 317, located between I-75 and SR 320 (East Brainerd Road) in four separate phases. Phase 1 consisted of constructing a new five-lane (including two-way left turn lane) road between I-75 and Old Lee Highway, part of the relocated section of SR 317. Phase 2, which took place between January 2015 and September 13, 2017, widened the segment between Old Lee Highway and SR 321 (Ooltewah-Ringgold Road) from two to five lanes at a cost of $24.2 million. Phase 3, which began on March 13, 2020 and is expected to be completed by June 2025, is the most complex and expensive phase, at a cost of $93.1 million. It involves widening the route from two to five lanes between SR 321 and Layton Lane, and will consist of an entirely new alignment in some places. Phase 4, the final phase, will widen SR 317 between Layton Lane and SR 320. Places of interest along route Enterprise South Industrial Park, formerly the Volunteer Army Ammunition Plant, home to the Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant. US Xpress Enterprises Inc McKee Foods Corporation Southern Adventist University Collegedale Municipal Airport Counties traversed (west to east) Hamilton Bradley Junction list See also List of Tennessee state highways References 317
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70650143
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazl%C4%B1%20Eda%20Kafkas
Nazlı Eda Kafkas
Nazlı Eda Kafkas (born November 16, 2001) is a Turkish volleyball player. She is tall at and plays in the Setter position. She plays for Nilüfer Belediyespor. Career Vakıfbank Istanbul Born in 2001 from Vakıfbank Istanbul infrastructure on 10 October 2020, setter Kafkas took time in the official match for the first time in front of . Yeşilyurt On 18 May 2021, she signed a 1-year loan contract with Yeşilyurt, one of the Sultans League teams. Galatasaray She signed a 1-year contract with Galatasaray on August 15, 2022. References External links Player profile at Volleybox.net 2001 births Living people Turkish women's volleyball players VakıfBank S.K. volleyballers Yeşilyurt volleyballers Galatasaray S.K. (women's volleyball) players Place of birth missing (living people)
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23219776
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevgi
Sevgi
Sevgi is a common feminine Turkish given name. In Turkish, "Sevgi" means "Love". People Given name Emine Sevgi Özdamar (born 1946), Turkish-German actress and author Sevgi Çağal (born 1957), Turkish painter and sculptor Sevgi Çınar (born 1994), Turkish footballer Sevgi Gönül (1938–2003), a member of the Koç family Sevgi Sabancı (born 1963), Turkish businesswoman Sevgi Salmanlı (born 1993), Turkish women's footballer Sevgi Yorulmaz (born 1982), Turkish para archer See also Şarkım Sevgi Üstüne, Turkish entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 1987 Surnames Turkish-language surnames Turkish feminine given names Feminine given names
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35785425
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Grey%20Car
The Grey Car
The Grey Car () is a 1919 film directed by Enrique Rosas which is the number 98 in 100 Mexican best movies. Synopsis Detective Cabrera wants to re-establish peace in Mexico City after a vandalism wave. References External links 1919 films Mexican silent films Mexican black-and-white films Films set in Mexico City 1910s Spanish-language films 1919 crime drama films Mexican crime drama films Silent drama films
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41689271
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonarda%20Estrella%20Laureano
Leonarda Estrella Laureano
Leonarda Estrella Laureano is a Mayo Mexican potter from Capomos, El Fuerte in Sinaloa. She learned the craft from her mother and has since taught members of her family and various young people from her community. She uses local materials: clay, sand, feathers and small pieces of rags, with smooth stones used to burnish. The pieces are distinguished with Mayo geometric patterns and color schemes, creating both traditional ceremonial pieces as well as new designs for sale. In 2001, she was named a “grand master” by the Fomento Cultural Banamex. References Mexican potters 20th-century Mexican ceramists Year of birth missing (living people) Living people Women potters Mexican women ceramists
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49439419
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott%20McAboy
Scott McAboy
Scott McAboy (born February 21, 1975 in Malibu, California) is an American director and producer best known for the children's movies Splitting Adam, Jinxed, Big Time Movie, Escape from Mr. Lemoncello's Library, Swindle, Saved, Son of the Beach and The Fairly OddParents. McAboy won the Leo Award for Best Direction in a Youth or Children's Program or Series and Best Youth or Children's Program or Series for Splitting Adam in June 2016. Santa Hunters and also won a Leo Award in 2015 for Best Youth or Children's Program or Series. Most recently, McAboy won a Leo Award (2018) for Best Direction in a Youth or Children's Program or Series and Best Youth or Children's Program or Series for Escape from Mr. Lemoncello's Library (2017). 2021 projects include Malibu Rescue, an action feature for Netflix and the series that follows. Films Inferno (1998) The Apartment Complex (1999) The Burbs (2002) Revenge (2007) Gym Teacher: The Movie (2008) Merry Christmas, Drake & Josh (2008) Spectacular! (2009) The Boy Who Cried Werewolf (2010) Best Player (2011) A Fairly Odd Movie: Grow Up, Timmy Turner! (2011) Big Time Movie (2012) Rags (2012) A Fairly Odd Christmas (2012) Swindle (2013) Jinxed (2013) A Fairly Odd Summer (2014) Santa Hunters (2014) Splitting Adam (2015) One Crazy Cruise (2015) Liar, Liar, Vampire (2015) Rufus (2016) Legends of the Hidden Temple (2016) Rufus 2 (2017) Escape from Mr. Lemoncello's Library (2017) Inside Voice (2018) Malibu Rescue (Movie) (2019) Malibu Rescue (Series) (2019)(2021) "Malibu Rescue The Next Wave (Movie)" (2021) References Deadline - Pacific Bay Entertainment Hollywood Reporter - Inside Voice Kidscreen - Inside Voice Worldscreen - Inside Voice TigerBeat - Inside Voice YSBnow - Inside Voice The Slanted - Inside Voice VR Focus - Inside Voice VR and Fun - Inside Voice Kidscreen - Escape From Mr. Lemoncello's Library External links Film production companies of the United States Place of birth missing (living people) Television production companies of the United States Living people 1975 births
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12960215
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathayornis
Cathayornis
Cathayornis is a genus of enantiornithean birds from the Jiufotang Formation of Liaoning, People's Republic of China. It is known definitively from only one species, Cathayornis yandica, one of the first Enantiornithes found in China. Several additional species were once incorrectly classified as Cathayornis, and have since been reclassified or regarded as nomina dubia. Description Cathayornis yandica was a small enantiornithean with a slightly elongated, toothy snout and perching feet. Like most other Enantiornithes, it had large claws on the first two fingers that supported the wing. According to most recent studies, only one specimen can be definitively assigned to this species, a fossil catalogued as number IVPP V9769 and currently housed in the collections of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing. Cathayornis can be told apart from similar Enantiornithes (especially Sinornis, Eocathayornis, and Houornis) by its larger size, a shorter and straighter first finger with a slightly longer claw, and other anatomical details. Two additional but very fragmentary specimens, IVPP V9936 and V10896, have been referred to C. yandica in the past, but cannot be directly compared with the type specimen because they do not preserve any of the same key parts of the skeleton. Classification and species Paul Sereno et al., in 2002, considered Cathayornis a junior synonym of Sinornis. They interpreted the anatomies of the two as very similar and sharing key autapomorphies of the pygostyle. The first thorough review of Sinornis and Cathayornis was published by Jingmai O'Connor and Gareth Dyke in 2010. O'Connor and Dyke concluded that despite the earlier opinion of Sereno and colleagues, the two birds were not synonyms and in fact differ in several clear ways, including different proportions in the wing claws and digits, differences in the pelvis, and size of the pygostyle. Several other species – Cathayornis aberransis, Cathayornis chabuensis and Cathayornis caudatus – had been classified as Cathayornis in the past. However, their validity and/or assignment to the genus Cathayornis has been questioned in subsequent evaluations. Jingmai O'Connor and Gareth Dyke (2010) found that many of the supposedly distinct features of C. aberransis (such as the base of a crest on the skull) had been inaccurately described, casting doubt on the few remaining features separating it from C. yandica, and suggested that further study was needed to determine its validity. Similarly, C. caudatus was so named for its supposedly bony tail lacking a pygostyle, and was further differentiated by its small size. O'Connor and Dyke re-examined the specimen and showed that the specimen is in fact only slightly smaller than the type specimen of C. yandica, and that a normal enantiornithean tail with a pygostyle is clearly visible in one of the fossil slabs, parts of the hip bones having been mistaken for unfused tail vertebrae. O'Connor and Dyke therefore considered C. caudatus a nomen dubium. They considered C. chabuenis, from the Jingchuan Formation of Inner Mongolia, to be clearly distinct from C. yandica and most likely a representative of a new genus. In a 2015 re-evaluation of supposed "cathayornithids", Wang and Liu determined that C. caudatus could be differentiated from Cathayornis and placed it in the new genus Houornis. On the other hand, they considered C. chabuensis a nomen dubium. Other species of similar birds from the Jiufotang Formation have been regarded as synonymous with C. yandica by some researchers, including Largirostrornis sexdentoris and Cuspirostrisornis houi, though this has yet to be supported by rigorous study. O'Connor and colleagues noted that Longchengornis sanyanensis, also synonymized with C. yandica by some authors, seems to show distinct anatomy not shared with at least that species of Cathayornis. References Bird genera Early Cretaceous birds of Asia Euenantiornitheans Fossil taxa described in 1992 Jiufotang fauna
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507520
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Morehead
John Morehead
John Morehead is the name of: John H. Morehead (1861–1942), Governor of Nebraska John Motley Morehead (1796–1866), Governor of North Carolina John Motley Morehead II (1866–1923), U.S. Representative from North Carolina John Motley Morehead III (1870–1965), chemist, U.S. ambassador to Sweden, and noted philanthropist
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5726213
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirba
Dirba
Dirba is a Sub-Division and a Nagar Panchayat located Dirba tehsil in Sangrur district in the state of Punjab, India. It is located on higher place and was also known as Thadde wala and with time; the name changed to Dirba. Geography Dirba is located at . It has an average elevation of 236 metres (774 feet). Dirba Assembly Constituency is represented by Harpal Singh Cheema who won election under ticket from Aam Aadmi Party . Most of the residents in dirba rely on Agriculture directly or indirectly. Rice and Wheat are the only two crops which is grown in most farms. Farmers of Dirba and its nearby villages are shifting their focus to organic farming for providing better quality vegetables to consumers. Education Education in area is major issue . Although the area is present with too many schools in its locality, but the locality lacks in having a major university or college. Facing the issue, one tends to visit nearby cities like Patiala or Sangrur for higher education. References Cities and towns in Sangrur district
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29224295
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deborah%20Tolman
Deborah Tolman
Deborah L. Tolman is a developmental psychologist and the co-founder of SPARK: Sexualization Protest: Action, Resistance, Knowledge. She is the author of Dilemmas of Desire: Teenage Girls Talk about Sexuality, which was awarded the 2003 Distinguished Book Award from the Association for Women in Psychology. Career Tolman received her Ed.D from Harvard University in 1992. She is also the former director of the Center for Research on Gender and Sexuality, and professor of human sexuality studies at San Francisco State University. Before relocating to San Francisco, she was "the senior research scientist and director of the Gender and Sexuality Project, and then an associate director of the Center for Research on Women, both at Wellesley College." Tolman is currently a professor of social welfare and psychology at the Hunter College School of Social Work and the Graduate Center of CUNY. Her research on adolescent sexuality, gender development, gender equity and research methods has been funded by grants from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Ford Foundation, and the Spencer Foundation. In October 2010, Tolman co-founded SPARK (Sexualization Protest: Action, Resistance, Knowledge), an intergenerational "girl-fueled" movement building organization (with Lyn Mikel Brown) dedicated to challenging the sexualization of girls by engaging girls to be activists and working with partner organizations around the country. SPARK links academia to activism and demonstrates an alternative to the divisive "wave metaphor" regarding feminism. Writing In 2003 Tolman's book on adolescent girls' sexuality, Dilemmas of Desire: Teenage Girls Talk about Sexuality, was awarded the 2003 Distinguished Book Award from the Association for Women in Psychology. Tolman has written 60+ articles and book chapters on adolescent girls' and boys' sexuality and research methods. Tolman's work and commentary on adolescent sexuality and challenging sexualization has appeared in The New York Times, The Huffington Post, and multiple radio, television and online venues, including New York City's Joan Hamburg radio show and Brian Lehrer Show. Personal life Deborah Tolman is married to Luis Ubiñas. They reside in New York City and have two sons. Sources External links ASAP Initiative SPARKsummit Living people Harvard Graduate School of Education alumni Developmental psychologists San Francisco State University faculty Hunter College faculty Year of birth missing (living people)
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64426887
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latchireddipalem
Latchireddipalem
Latchireddipalem is a village in Rowthulapudi Mandal, Kakinada district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. Geography Latchireddipalem is located at . Demographics Latchireddipalem Village has a population of 3,078, out of which 1549 are male and 1529 are female. Population of children below 6 years of age are 424. The literacy rate of the village is 52.07%. References Villages in Rowthulapudi mandal
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525291
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodman%20Ace
Goodman Ace
Goodman Ace (January 15, 1899 – March 25, 1982), born Goodman Aiskowitz, was an American humorist, radio writer and comedian, television writer, and magazine columnist. His low-key, literate drollery and softly tart way of tweaking trends and pretenses made him one of the most sought-after writers in radio and television from the 1930s through the 1960s. Early years Born in Kansas City, Missouri, the son of Latvian Jewish immigrants Harry Aiskowitz, who worked as a haberdasher, and Anna Katzen, Ace grew up wanting to write, and as the editor of his high school newspaper, he took on his first nom de plume, Asa Goodman. Ace worked as a roller skating messenger for Montgomery Ward while he studied journalism at Kansas City Polytechnic Institute. He also wrote a weekly column called "The Dyspeptic" for the school's newspaper. After working at the post office and a local haberdashery to support his mother and sisters after his father's death, he became a reporter and columnist for the Kansas City Journal-Post. Jane Epstein was his high school sweetheart. Jane wanted to attend the sold-out performance of Al Jolson in Kansas City; her boyfriends were unable to get tickets, but Ace had access to the concert via his press pass. The Jolson concert was the couple's first date; they married six months later, in 1922. Radio aces In 1930, Ace took on a second job reading the Sunday comics on radio station KMBC (anticipating the famous newspaper strike stunt, almost two decades later, by legendary New York mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia) and hosting a Friday night film review and gossip program called Ace Goes to the Movies. Ace was not initially a volunteer for the job. An editor at the Journal-Post had the idea that having an employee read the newspaper's comics on the air for children would increase circulation for the paper. Taking the job meant an extra $10 per week in one's paycheck, but none of the newsroom staff was interested. The editor, reasoning that since Ace's current assignment was covering local theater he would be the perfect man for the job, insisted he take it. Ace suggested a second radio show, this one dealing with films, thus collecting an additional $10 per week. But one night the recorded fifteen-minute show scheduled to air after Ace's timeslot failed to feed. With an immediate need to fill fifteen minutes' more airtime and his wife having accompanied him to the station that night, Ace slipped into an impromptu chat about a bridge game the couple played the previous weekend and invited Jane to join the chat which soon enough included discussion of a local murder case in which a wife murdered her husband over an argument about bridge. Loaded with Goodman's wry wit and Jane's knack for malaprops ("Would you care to shoot a game of bridge, dear?"), the couple's surprise improvisation provoked a response enthusiastic enough to convince KMBC to hand them a regular fifteen-minute slot, creating and performing a "domestic comedy" of their own. At first, the show that became known as Easy Aces centered around the couple's bridge playing, according to John Dunning in On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998): "Ace was not wild about Jane's bridge game, on the air or off, and he kept picking at her until she lost her temper and threatened to quit. The show settled into a new niche, a more universally based domestic comedy revolving around Jane's improbable situations and her impossible turns of phrase." Written by Goodman Ace, who cast himself as a harried real estate salesman and the exasperated but loving husband of the scatterbrained, malaprop-prone Jane ("You've got to take the bitter with the better"; "Time wounds all heels"), Easy Aces became a long-running serial comedy (1930–1945) and a low-keyed legend of old-time radio for its literate, unobtrusive, conversational style and the malaprops of the female half of the team. The show was never a rating blockbuster, but according to Dunning it "was always a favourite of Radio Row insiders. Like Fred Allen and Henry Morgan, Ace was considered an intelligent man's wit. His show limped along [but] . . . lasted across several formats for more than fifteen years and was one of radio's fondest memories." The radio show was popular enough to get to the big screen; in 1934, the couple signed with Educational Pictures for some two-reel comedies. Dumb Luck was released 18 January 1935, with Goodman and Jane playing their radio characters. While writing Easy Aces, Ace also wrote for other radio shows, earning $3,000 per week in this way. During World War II, he participated in the selection of music for the War Department's Hit Kit songbook series as part of a carefully selected group of writers, composers, and show business personalities known collectively as the "Committee of 25". In 1945, Ace signed on as one of the writers of The Danny Kaye Show. Previously he and Jane had been part of a series of celebrity guests who filled in for Kaye while he entertained the armed forces troops who were overseas. When Kaye moved his show from New York to Hollywood, Ace resigned. Whether writing for himself and Jane or for another performer, Ace's rating system of how well a script would do was based on the number of cigars he smoked while writing it. One cigar meant the show would do very well, while four cigars meant this program or episode was most likely hopeless. Ace was sued in 1940 because of the name he selected for a character. He used the first name of one of his staff coupled with the last name of another. Unknown to Ace, this resulted in the name of a real person who was publicly embarrassed by the use of his name on the show. He then began the practice of having those on the program use their own names for their characters. In 1948, Ace created a new, half-hour version of the show, mr. ace and JANE; this expanded version, perhaps because a live studio audience detracted from its quiet style (a point made especially vivid by its audience-less, quiet audition show, and when new episodes expanded upon some of the old show's vintages), didn't last beyond a single season. And it fared no better on television. In 1956, both Ace and NBC thought seriously enough about another try for the television series to announce Ernie Kovacs and his wife Edie Adams would play the Aces in a pilot for the show; it is unknown whether the pilot took place. The husband and wife team returned to network radio with the debut of NBC's Monitor; the Aces were announced as "Communicators" just after Dave Garroway's joining the show. They were also part of NBC Radio's Weekday, which was a Monday through Friday network offering aimed at women that premiered not long after Monitor. Ace branched out by writing commercials, featuring himself and Jane. The couple also voiced some commercials used on NBC's Startime, while other actors played the visual roles. "Terrible Vaudeville" and You Are There Ace needled television in a 1953 letter to Groucho Marx: "...TV—a clever contraction derived from the words Terrible Vaudeville. However, it is our latest medium—we call it a medium because nothing's well done." Nonetheless, he hadn't been averse to giving television a try. Goodman and Jane Ace adapted Easy Aces to television in December 1949, with a fifteen-minute filmed version on the DuMont network (also syndicated in some areas through Ziv Television Programs) that ended in mid-June 1950, after airing Wednesday nights from 7:45–8:00 p.m. "As on radio," authors Tim Brooks and Earle Marsh wrote, "Ace was his witty, intelligent self, and his wife, Jane, was a charming bundle of malapropisms". The television show included Betty Garde as Jane Ace's friend, Dorothy. What it didn't include was an audience equal to the ones who kept Easy Aces on radio for all those years. The demise of the show also meant the demise of the Aces' career in front of a microphone or camera. Jane Ace retired almost completely; Goodman retired as a performer, becoming for the most part a writer from 1949 onward. Ace did have a serious side, too, and he melded it to his sense of the absurd to create a radio show with the twist of taking listeners to re-created historical events described by actual CBS News reporters. The problem, as revealed by CBS historian Robert Metz (in CBS: Reflections in a Bloodshot Eye), was that Ace didn't get official credit for his creation for many years; a CBS executive vice president named Desmond Taylor gained the original credit for the show born on radio as CBS Was There and famed (especially on television, with future anchor Walter Cronkite narrating) for its introduction, which leapt into the American vernacular: "All things are as they were then, except you... are... there!" "You Gentlemen, The Authors" By this time, however, Ace began writing for other performers, including Milton Berle, Perry Como, Danny Kaye, Robert Q. Lewis, and Bob Newhart. He would be nominated for Emmy Awards twice during his term as Como's head writer, in 1956 and 1959. Ace rationalized his work by saying, "I'm not in television. I'm with Perry Como." Perhaps his best turn of writing in these years, however, was his collaboration with Frank Wilson on The Big Show, considered NBC's last-gasp attempt to keep classic radio alive. This 90-minute variety program was hosted by Tallulah Bankhead and featured a rotating cast that included some of America's and the world's greatest entertainers, including Fred Allen, Groucho Marx, Jimmy Durante, Joan Davis, Bob Hope, Louis Armstrong, George Jessel, Ethel Merman, José Ferrer, Ed Wynn, Lauritz Melchior, Ezio Pinza, Édith Piaf, Ginger Rogers, Ethel Barrymore, Phil Silvers, Benny Goodman, and Danny Thomas. The show was marked by Ace's wry style, adapted to Bankhead's diva-blunt style. Ace said years later that one of his secrets was isolating particular interests of the guests – for example, Ginger Rogers' passion for playing golf – and writing comic routines around those interests. Ace fondly remembered working with Bankhead in later years. "'You gentlemen, the authors,' she would say", he once told author Robert Metz, "we gag writers felt pretty good about that." What he didn't necessarily feel good about, as he told radio interviewers Richard Lamparski and John Dunning two decades later, was the writers' non-mention in Bankhead's memoir recollection about The Big Show. Ace had known Jack Benny since his Kansas City years. Radio historian Arthur Frank Wertheim recorded (in Radio Comedy) that, as a young newspaper reporter and columnist, Ace had written a witty gossip column that moved Benny himself to ask the young writer for some jokes for his stage act. Benny asked for more and paid Ace $50 for one packet of jokes. "Your jokes got lots of laughs", said the note Benny sent with the check. "If you have any more, send them along". According to Wertheim, Ace returned the check with a note: "Your check got lots of laughs. If you have any more, send them along". He ended up supplying Benny with gags "on the house" for years, Wertheim noted. Benny was inadvertently responsible for a very funny exchange of letters between Ace and the owner of the Stork Club, Sherman Billingsley. Benny invited Ace to lunch at the Stork; when Ace got to the club, Benny had not yet arrived. The staff at the Stork Club did not recognize Ace and he received a very cool reception. When Benny finally did get to the Stork, he was told Ace didn't want to wait and left. Soon Billingsley's notes began to arrive in Ace's mailbox, inviting him to come to the club for the marvelous air conditioning. Ace wrote back that he was well aware of how cool it was at the Stork, having received the cold shoulder there. Billingsley's response was a gift—bow ties for Ace, whose reply was to ask Billingsley for some matching socks so he would be well-dressed when he was refused admittance again. Ace wrote one screenplay, I Married a Woman, in 1957. Calling it the best thing he had ever written, but the worst thing he had ever seen after viewing the film, He never tried his hand at screenwriting again. When the couple's Miami hotel room was robbed in 1966, Ace managed to find humor in the situation. Ace revealed in the mid-1960s that CBS once developed a kind of school for young comedy writers, with Ace himself "placed in charge of a group of six or seven young writers who wanted to make all that easy money", as he recalled in a later magazine column. All became television writers and two eventually became successful playwrights: George Axelrod (The Seven Year Itch) and Neil Simon (Barefoot in the Park, The Odd Couple, The Goodbye Girl). The Saturday Reviewer Ace became a regular columnist for Saturday Review (formerly The Saturday Review of Literature; he liked to suggest cause-and-effect in the magazine's name changing two weeks after his debut in its pages) in the early 1950s. At first, he focused—in what a publisher described (considering his parallel employment writing for television) as "nibbling the hand that feeds him"—on television criticism in his usual droll style; a collection of this criticism was published in 1955 as The Book of Little Knowledge: More Than You Want to Know About Television. Later, Ace shifted to more broad contemporary concerns and called the column "Top of My Head"; these essays became as well-read as his old radio show had been, without being either too frivolous or too overbearing. Sometimes, they were gentle; sometimes, they were more tart, always they were without genuine malice. Often they included his beloved Jane, and they were strongly enough received to provoke two published collections, The Fine Art of Hypochondria; or, How Are You? and The Better of Goodman Ace. As if suggesting that radio had never really left him, Ace assembled and published a collection of eight complete Easy Aces scripts, with new essays and comments from the Aces, as Ladies and Gentlemen – Easy Aces in 1970. He also held a small regular slot offering witty commentaries on New York station WPAT for a time, before going out over the full National Public Radio network during the 1970s. Also around that time, two decades after the brief, unsuccessful television adaptation of Easy Aces, someone else was willing to give the concept a fresh television try: a number of the original Easy Aces radio scripts were adapted for the Canadian CTV Television Network show The Trouble with Tracy in 1970. However, though 130 episodes of this series were produced (all in 1970/71), and the show was re-run well into the 1980s on Canadian TV, The Trouble With Tracy was regarded as an almost unqualified disaster on a creative level. This had less to do with the scripts, however, and more with the incredible cheapness of the production. Seven episodes were filmed every five days on wobbly sets, with almost no time for rehearsal for either the actors or the technical crew—flubbed lines and bloopers sometimes ended up airing in finished episodes, because the show could not afford retakes. Ultimately, The Trouble With Tracy is often cited, especially in Canada, as the worst sitcom ever made. Note, though, that while Ace had a hand in the modern adaptation of the scripts, neither he nor Jane Ace appeared in it, and neither played any part in the actual production of the series. Jane Ace died after a long illness in 1974, just days before what would have been their fiftieth wedding anniversary. Her husband's tribute to her in the 8 February 1975 issue ("Jane") provoked hundreds of letters from his regular readers and from the couple's old radio fans. "...now alone at a funeral home...the questions...the softly spoken suggestions...repeated, and repeated... because ...because during all the arrangements, through my mind there ran a constant rerun, a line she spoke on radio...on the brotherhood of man ...in her casual, malapropian style ... "we are all cremated equal" ... they kept urging for an answer...a wooden casket? ... a metal casket? ...it's the name of their game ... a tisket a casket...and then transporting it to Kansas City, Mo. ...the plane ride..."smoking or non-smoking section?" somebody asked ... the non-thinking section was what I wanted.... "...a soft sprinkle of snow as we huddled around her...the first of the season, they told me ... lasted only through the short service ...snow stopped the instant the last words were spoken. He had the grace to celebrate her arrival with a handful of His confetti ..." Death Goodman Ace died eight years after his wife, in their New York City home in March 1982. The couple are interred together in Mount Carmel Cemetery in Raytown: a suburb of their native Kansas City. "Mr. Ace", wrote The New York Times's obituarist, David Bird, "liked to scoff at ratings. He said that neither the writer nor a star alone could make or break a comedy show. It took, he said, a good time spot and teamwork. 'The whole thing has to be a kind of partnership—a marriage between writer and performer,' he explained, 'If there is no marriage—well you know what the brainchild has to be'." The author of CBS: Reflections in a Bloodshot Eye, Robert Metz, recalled that, once, a relative of Ace's had wired him to say, "Send me $10,000 or I'll jump from the fourteenth floor of my building", and Ace was said to have wired back, "Jump from seven—I'll send $5,000." When CBS fired Ace as the head of its "comedy workshop" in the late 1940s, according to Time, a sympathetic network vice president told him afterward, "I'll tell you a secret—we haven't got a man who understands comedy." Ace wryly replied, "I'll tell you a secret—that's no secret." Ace offered his own epitaph when Saturday Review ran a poll asking well-known Americans to nominate members of a contemporary Hall of Fame. "I respectfully suggest the name of Goodman Ace...if he's still around", Ace replied. "If he isn't, I wouldn't dig him up just for this." The National Radio Hall of Fame respectfully ignored that suggestion, inducting Easy Aces in 1990. References Further reading Goodman Ace, The Book of Little Knowledge; Or, More Than You Want to Know About Television (New York; 1955). Goodman Ace, The Fine Art of Hypochondria; or, How Are You? (New York: Doubleday, 1966). Goodman Ace, Ladies and Gentlemen, Easy Aces (New York: Doubleday, 1970). Goodman Ace, The Better of Goodman Ace (New York: Doubleday, 1971). Fred Allen (Joe McCarthy, editor), Fred Allen's Letters Groucho Marx, The Groucho Letters (Simon & Schuster Pub., 1967). Tim Brooks and Earle Marsh, The Complete Directory to Prime Network TV Shows—1946 to Present (First Edition) Frank Buxton and Bill Owen, The Big Broadcast 1920–1950 (1972) John Crosby, Out of the Blue (Simon and Schuster, 1952) Richard Lamparski interview with Goodman Ace, WBAI-FM, December 1970. Leonard Maltin, The Great American Broadcast: A Celebration of Radio's Golden Age (New York: Dutton/Penguin, 1997). Robert Metz, CBS: Reflections in a Bloodshot Eye (Playboy Press, 1975) Arthur Frank Wertheim, Radio Comedy. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.) External links "The Late, Great Goodman Ace" "The Friars Club" Goodman and Jane Ace Home-Radio Television Mirror May 1941 – (page 15) If Lincoln Had Been on TV Goodman Ace 29 January 1954 Listen Easy Aces and mr. ace and JANE episodes Old Time Radio-OTR Mr. Ace and Jane Radio Shows at Internet Archives Easy Aces Episode at Original Old Radio 1899 births 1982 deaths Radio personalities from Kansas City, Missouri American male comedians Jewish American comedians 20th-century American comedians American television writers American male television writers Screenwriters from New York City American radio writers Comedians from New York City Screenwriters from Missouri 20th-century American screenwriters 20th-century American male writers 20th-century American Jews
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29065680
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasteel
Plasteel
Plasteel may refer to: Plasteel, composite of fiberglass and steel patented by automobile manufacturer Gurgel and first used in 1973 Plasteel (Dune), a durable tough form of steel mentioned by Frank Herbert in his 1965 science fiction novel Dune and its sequels Plasteel, a metal manufacturing and machining services company; see Boxer (armoured fighting vehicle)
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36145107
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Kay%20%28professor%29
Michael Kay (professor)
Michael Kay (September 13, 1927 - May 31, 2014) was a historian of American history. Formerly of Alfred University, he was summarily dismissed from his post in 1968 after he violated university regulations regarding protests at an ROTC demonstration. In subsequent years, Kay would allege that he had been punished for his political opinions. A 1970 AAUP report on the case made clear that other faculty at Alfred U who shared his political opinions suffered no penalties. Kay then taught at West Chester State University in Pennsylvania where his contract was not renewed after a contentious year. At West Chester, he received support from the university student government (IGA), which voted to establish an IGA Visiting Fellowship and to make Kay its first recipient. The university refused to permit him to resume his membership on the faculty. He eventually found employment at the University of Toledo where he received tenure and remained on the faculty until his retirement in 1992. He left his papers to the University of Toledo. Kay died in 2014. See also Academic freedom References "Academic Freedom and Tenure: Alfred University (New York)." AAUP Bulletin. Vol. 56, No. 1 (Mar., 1970), pp. 87–93. Chomsky, Noam, William C. Davidon, Richard Drinnon, Louis Kampf, and Joel H. Levinson. "Alfred's Fiasco." The New York Review of Books. 19 November 1970. (accessed February 4, 2012). 2014 deaths Alfred University faculty 1927 births
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40872753
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dastjerd%2C%20West%20Azerbaijan
Dastjerd, West Azerbaijan
Dastjerd () is a village in Nazluy-ye Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 732, in 222 families. References Populated places in Urmia County
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61875201
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss%20World%20America%201978
Miss World America 1978
Miss World America 1978 was the 1st edition of the Miss World America pageant and it was held in Von Barun Civic Center in Huntsville, Alabama and was won by Debra Jean Freeze of North Carolina. She was crowned by outgoing titleholder, Cindy Darlene Miller of Virginia. Freeze went on to represent the United States at the Miss World 1978 Pageant in London later that year. She finished in the Top 15 at Miss World. Results Placements Special awards Delegates The Miss World America 1978 delegates were: Alabama - Cheryl Clements Alaska - Gay Nel Wilson Arizona - Karen Filipi Arkansas - Terry Williams California - Linda Howerton Colorado - Lynelle Gaye Lichtenheld Connecticut - Cynthia Lee Leddy Delaware - Annette Malgieri District of Columbia - Gloria Renfrow Florida - Lynn Hafter Georgia - Jane Carol Sapp Hawaii - Sharon Bush Idaho - Rozalynn Johnson Illinois - Barbara Figarola Indiana - Lee Ann Miller Iowa - Melinda McVey Kansas - Cathleen Reardon Kentucky - Janet Bishop Louisiana - Elberta McKnight Maine - Cynthia R. Towne Maryland - Celeste Woschke Massachusetts - Debra Sue Maurice Michigan - Denise Noffsinger Minnesota - Debra J. Peterson Mississippi - Judy Bickerstaff Missouri - Linda Camacho Montana - Mea Townsend Nebraska - Rebecca Kunz Nevada - Deborah Gabinetti New Hampshire - Theresa Tucker New Jersey - Dezra Atkinson New Mexico - Kathy Killebrew New York - Kathleen Peartree North Carolina - Debra Jean Freeze North Dakota - Cheryl Henry Ohio - Lesa Rummell Oklahoma - Robin Keene Oregon - Tena Montoya Pennsylvania - Bonnie Barney Rhode Island - Donna Delfino South Carolina - Cynthia Wynn South Dakota - Lu Ann Keehn Tennessee - Paulette Wheelock Texas - Debbie Elaine Palmer Utah - Heather Walker Vermont - Ann Kent Virginia - Debbie Walker Washington - Ivy Lynn Reed West Virginia - Beverly Michael Wisconsin - Elizabeth A. Ruyak Wyoming - Kim Lisco Crossovers Contestants who competed in other beauty pageants: Miss USA 1977: : Lesa Rummell 1977: : Ann Kent 1977: : Ivy Lynn Reed 1980: : Debra Sue Maurice (as ) Miss World America 1980: : Gay Nel Wilson References External links Miss World Official Website Miss World America Official Website 1978 in the United States World America 1978 1978 in Alabama
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38286949
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumeida%27s%20Song
Sumeida's Song
Sumeida's Song is an opera in three scenes by Mohammed Fairouz adapted from the play Song of Death by Egyptian playwright Tawfiq al-Hakim. It is Fairouz's first opera, completed in 2008 when he was 22 years old. Performance history The first staged production of the opera opened the 2013 Prototype: Opera/Theater/Now festival in New York City and was billed as "the first Arab-American opera to be fully produced on an American stage." The opera was co-produced by Beth Morrison Projects and Here Arts Center. Sumeida's Song received concert performances at Carnegie Hall and the New York Society for Ethical Culture before its first staging. Roles Synopsis The three scenes of Sumeida's Song are set in a peasant house in a peasant village in Upper Egypt. Recording A recording of Sumeida's Song was released on Bridge Records on October 29, 2012. Reception Reviewing the first staged performance for The New York Times, Anthony Tommasini described Sumeida's Song as "an intensely dramatic 60-minute four-character opera with a searing score that deftly draws from Arabic and Western contemporary musical sources.". He went on to note that "Mr. Fairouz’s multilayered music catches the complexities and crosscurrents of this family and the grim realities of their lives" and described Fairouz as having "hints of various Western contemporary idioms in his musical language: American neo-Romanticism; stretches of near-atonality that evoke Berg; astringent washes of sounds that seem inspired by Ligeti, who was one of Mr. Fairouz’s teachers. Yet the Arabic elements of his style — microtonal modes, spiraling dance rhythms, plaintive melodic writing — give fresh, distinctive jolts to the Western elements." On disc, Sumeida's Song was noted by WQXR-FM as "a lushly scored chamber opera, (completed when Fairouz) was only 22. Its concerns with peace and communal healing place it in the humane tradition of such works as Verdi’s Simon Boccanegra and Don Carlos." Notes External links PROTOTYPE Festival Page for Sumeida's Song Beth Morrison Projects: Current Projects Page for Sumeida's Song at the composer's official website English-language operas 2008 operas Operas Operas set in Egypt Operas based on plays One-act operas Compositions by Mohammed Fairouz Opera world premieres at the Prototype Festival
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7270984
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braddock%20Road%20%28Alexandria%2C%20Virginia%29
Braddock Road (Alexandria, Virginia)
Braddock Road in the City of Alexandria runs northwestward from West Street near the Braddock Road Metro station to the Alexandria campus of the Northern Virginia Community College, just beyond Beauregard Street. About west, unconnected, another Braddock Road (SR 620) begins in Fairfax County at Columbia Pike near Lake Barcroft. History Braddock Road was originally composed of paths established by the Native American inhabitants of Northern Virginia. Later, British colonialists and Virginian governments developed and improved the paths into what became known as "Braddock's Road." Colonial and revolutionary era Civil War During the American Civil War, both Union and Confederate troops traversed Braddock Road during various battles in Fairfax County and other parts of Northern Virginia. External links The Many Lives of Braddock Road, from The Roads of Northern Virginia Transportation in Alexandria, Virginia Roads in Virginia
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623653
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gus%20Edwards%20%28vaudevillian%29
Gus Edwards (vaudevillian)
Gustave Edwards (August 18, 1878 – November 7, 1945) was an American composer, songwriter and film director. He also was a vaudevillian, organised his own theatre companies and was a music publisher. Early life Edwards was the son of Morris and Johanna Simon. He was born Gustav Schmelowsky in Inowrazlaw, German Empire (present-day Inowrocław, Poland). His family boarded the steamship Spaarndam as steerage passengers; they arrived at the Port of New York on 29 July 1891 ending up in Williamsburg. During the day, he worked in the family cigar store, and in the evenings, he wandered looking for any sort of show business job. He found work as a singer at various lodge halls, on ferry boat lounges, in saloons, and even between bouts at the athletic clubs. As a very young boy, Edwards worked as a song plugger at Koster and Bial's, at Tony Pastor's theatre, and at the Bowery Theatre. In those old vaudeville days, song publishers would often hire a very young boy to sit in the theatre, and immediately after a vaudeville star had sung one of the publisher's songs, the youngster would stand up in the audience, and pretending to be completely overcome by the song, break out in an "extemporaneous" solo of the same tune. In this way, the young Edwards would often sit in a balcony seat, and then stand and repeat a song that vaudeville stars such as Maggie Cline, Lottie Gilson or Emma Carus had just sung. Career In 1896, Edwards was 17 years old and appearing at Johnny Palmer's Gaiety Saloon in Brooklyn, when James Hyde, a vaudeville agent, saw him performing. He booked a tour for Edwards and four other boys as The Newsboys Quintet act. In 1898, while performing in this act, Edwards wrote his first song, to a lyric by Tom Daly, "All I Want is My Black Baby Back". Edwards could not write music at that time, so he hired Charles Previn to write down the notes. May Irwin sang the song in her act, and helped to popularize it. While entertaining soldiers at Camp Black, during the Spanish–American War, Edwards met lyricist Will Cobb, and they formed "Words and Music", a partnership that lasted for many years. He was a vaudeville singer, and later had his own vaudeville company. He discovered Walter Winchell, Elsie Janis, George Jessel, Eddie Cantor, Groucho Marx, Phil Silvers, Lila Lee, Georgie Price, Eleanor Powell, Hildegarde, Ray Bolger, Sally Rand, Jack Pearl, the Lane Sisters, and Ina Ray Hutton. He wrote the Broadway stage scores for "When We Were Forty-One", "Hip Hip Hooray", "The Merry-Go-Round", "School Days", "Ziegfeld Follies of 1910", "Sunbonnet Sue", and "Show Window". He founded the Gus Edwards Music Hall in New York, and also his own publishing company, then produced special subjects for films, and returned to vaudeville between 1930 and 1937, finally retiring in 1939. His chief musical collaborators included Edward Madden, Will Cobb, and Robert B. Smith. His other popular-song compositions include "Meet Me Under the Wisteria", "By the Light of the Silvery Moon", "I Can't Tell You Why I Love You but I Do", "Goodbye, Little Girl, Goodbye", "I Just Can't Make My Eyes Behave", "I'll Be With You When the Roses Bloom Again", "He's My Pal", "Way Down Yonder in the Cornfield", "In Zanzibar", "If a Girl Like You Loved a Boy Like Me", "Jimmy Valentine", "If I Were a Millionaire", "Laddie Boy" and "In My Merry Oldsmobile". Some other songs include "America Never Took Water and America Never Will", "Au Revoir", "Good Bye and Luck Be with You Laddie Boy", "He Long and Lean and Lanky", "Keep on A-Going", "Mothers of Men" and "My Rainbow Ribbon Girl". Radio In the 1930s, Edwards had a weekly program, School Days of the Air, on KFWB in Los Angeles, California. Family Edwards was the brother of composer Leo Edwards, music publisher and talent agent Ben Edwards, and vaudeville songstress Dorothea Edwards. He was the uncle of Joan Edwards and Jack Edwards. Film Bing Crosby played Edwards in a fictionalized version of his life in the 1939 film The Star Maker, directed by Roy Del Ruth. Edwards himself made few screen appearances, the most notable being The Hollywood Revue of 1929, in which he performs as part of a vaudeville act. He also wrote all the music for The Hollywood Revue of 1929, as credited in the closing credits of the production, with the exception of "Singin' in the Rain" with lyrics by Arthur Freed and music by Nacio Herb Brown. He also performs a specialty number: "Lon Chaney's Gonna Get You If You Don't Watch Out". Recognition Edwards was a founding member of ASCAP in 1914 and was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970. Personal life and death Edwards was married to the former Lillian Boulanger, who worked with him in putting on revues and cultivating performers. He died of a heart attack in Hollywood, California, on November 7, 1945, aged 66. He was buried in Woodlawn Cemetery. Broadway works Note: All shows are musicals unless otherwise stated. Hodge, Podge & Co. (1900) - featured songwriter The Wizard of Oz (1903) interpolated songs with Will D. Cobb "Rosalie" "I Love Only One Girl in the Wide, Wide World" "The Tale of a Cassowary" "Johnnie I'll Take You" "I'll Never Love Another Love Like I Love You" The Medal and the Maid (1904) - featured composer for "In Zanzibar" When We Were Forty-one (1905) - composer (for twelve out of fourteen numbers) Breaking Into Society (1905) - co-composer and co-lyricist His Honor the Mayor (1906) - contributing composer and lyricist Revived again in 1906, twice in 1907 The Blue Moon (1906) - featured composer for "(Don't You Think It's) Time to Marry" A Parisian Model (1906) - featured co-songwriter for "I (Just) Can't Make My Eyes Behave" Revived in 1908 Ziegfeld Follies of 1907 (1907) - revue - featured composer for "That's What the Rose Said to Me" and "On the Grand Old Sands" The Hired Girl's Millions (1907) - featured songwriter for "Where the River Shannon Flows" Hip! Hip! Hooray! (1907) - composer The-Merry-Go-Round (1908) - composer (for all but three numbers) School Days (1908) - composer, co-lyricist, producer Miss Innocence (1908) - featured composer and lyricist for "What Kind of a Wife to Choose (What Kind of a Wife Does a Man Like Best)" Ziegfeld Follies of 1909 (1909) - revue - featured composer for "My Cousin Caruso (from Miss Innocence)" from Miss Innocence and "Up! Up! Up! in My Aeroplane" Ziegfeld Follies of 1910 (1910) - revue - co-bookwriter and featured composer for "Look Me Over Carefully (and Tell Me Will I Do)", "Sweet Kitty Bellairs", "Kidland", "Our American Colleges", "In the Evening (In de Evenin')", "The Black Cat", "A Woman's Dream", "Mr. Earth and His Comet Love (The Comet and the Earth)" and "The Waltzing Lieutenant" Broadway Sho-Window (1936) - revue - composer, producer and director Posthumously: Tintypes (1980) - revue - featured songwriter Filmography Climbing the Golden Stairs (1929) - Director References External links By the Light of the Silvery Moon Gus Edwards recordings at the Discography of American Historical Recordings. 1878 births 1945 deaths American musical theatre composers Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York) Emigrants from the German Empire to the United States Male musical theatre composers People from Inowrocław People from the Province of Posen Vaudeville performers
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12612270
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coregonus%20trybomi
Coregonus trybomi
Coregonus trybomi is a freshwater whitefish in the family Salmonidae. It is a spring-spawning type of cisco, which probably has evolved from sympatric vendace (Coregonus albula) independently in a number of Swedish lakes. Only one of those populations survives, and it is therefore considered Critically Endangered by the IUCN Red List. The status of Coregonus trybomi as a distinct species is however questionable. By Swedish authorities it is treated as a morphotype or ecotype, not an independent species. It was listed as "Data Deficient" in 2010 but excluded from the national red list in 2015. References trybomi Endemic fauna of Sweden Freshwater fish of Europe Critically endangered animals Endangered biota of Europe Taxa named by Gunnar Svärdson Fish described in 1979 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
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44598083
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy%27s%20Bounce
Judy's Bounce
Judy's Bounce is an album by American jazz saxophonist Jemeel Moondoc, which was recorded live in 1981 and released on the Italian Soul Note label. He leads a trio with bassist Fred Hopkins and drummer Ed Blackwell. The title track is dedicated to concert producer Judy Sneed. Reception The Penguin Guide to Jazz notes "His early group, Ensemble Muntu, was very much in the Taylor mould, but Moondoc remained open to other influences as well. 'One for Ornette' accounts for only the most obvious; his playing style sits somewhere between Ornette's country wail and Jimmy Lyons' street-corner preaching." Track listing All compositions by Jemeel Moondoc "Judy's Bounce" - 8:43 "Echo in Blue" - 13:42 "One for Ornette" - 8:40 "Nimus" - 13:38 Personnel Jemeel Moondoc - alto sax Fred Hopkins - bass Ed Blackwell - drums References 1982 live albums Jemeel Moondoc live albums Black Saint/Soul Note live albums
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43694337
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leases%20Corner%2C%20Indiana
Leases Corner, Indiana
Leases Corner is an unincorporated community in Cass County, Indiana, in the United States. History Leases Corner once contained a post office called Fitch. The Fitch post office was established in 1851, and was discontinued in 1863. References Unincorporated communities in Cass County, Indiana Unincorporated communities in Indiana
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55869669
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iponjela
Iponjela
Iponjola is an administrative ward in Rungwe District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 6,633 people in the ward. Villages and hamlets The ward has 4 villages, and 13 hamlets. Iponjola Iponjola Ngena Njelenje Ilalabwe Bujesi Igisa Ilalabwe Ipangalwigi Lugombo Bujela Ipande Lugombo Lupaso Ngana Ibagha Ngana References Wards of Mbeya Region Rungwe District Constituencies of Tanzania
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8934890
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thayumanavar
Thayumanavar
Thayumanavar or Tayumanavar ( Tāyumānavar) (1705–1744) was a Tamil spiritual philosopher from Tamil Nadu, India. Thayumanavar articulated the Saiva Siddhanta philosophy. He wrote several Tamil hymns of which 1454 are available. His first four songs were sung 250 years ago at the Congress of Religions in Tiruchirappalli. His poems follow his own mystical experience, but they also outline the philosophy of Hinduism, and the Tirumandiram by Saint Tirumular in its highest form, one that is at once devotional and nondual, one that sees God as both immanent and transcendent. Thayumanavar's key teaching is to discipline the mind, control desires and meditate peacefully. He went on to say that "it is easy to control an elephant, catch hold of the tiger's tail, grab the snake and dance, dictate the angels, transmigrate into another body, walk on water or sit on the sea; but it is more difficult to control the mind and remain quiet". Spiritually Elevating songs Thayumanavar was a respected scholar in Tamil. He was also a scholar in Sanskrit and was a minister to the King in Trichinopoly in South India. His name hails from the name of the deity of the Rockfort Temple in Tiruchirapalli. When he became god-minded he quit his job and began roaming, preaching Saiva Siddhanta philosophy and Shiva worship. His songs are full of the divine bliss which he enjoyed and transmitted in abundance. The songs on the theme of the Atman craving for the union with the Supreme, are famous for their authenticity, simplicity and easily remembered language. He is also known for his unceasing emphasis on the unity of all paths to God and of all religions, and, in particular, on the unity of the Shaiva siddhanta and Vedanta. See everything through Love Here is one example of Thayumanavar's presentation of the highest thoughts of philosophy in simple Tamil: aRuLāl evaiyum pār enRēn—attai aRiyāde chuTTi en aRivāle pārthēn; iRuLāna poruL kaNDadallāl ennaiyum kaNDilan ennaDi tozhi. meaning, See everything through Love, says my teacher. But in my ignorance I probed through my intelligence. What I saw was only darkness and in that darkness I did not see even myself! Infinite Bliss, for meditation Ever-permanent, without any blemish, without any ignorance, without support, ever-full, undecayingly pure, far as well as near, like the Light beyond the three luminaries (Sun, Moon and Fire), the One Charm that includes all, overflowing with Bliss, undiscernible to mind or speech, standing as the Colossus of Consciousness—on that vastness of the beginning of Infinite Bliss, let us meditate. References Tamil poets 18th-century Hindu religious leaders 1705 births 1742 deaths People from Tiruchirappalli Scholars from Tamil Nadu
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556041
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uchita%2C%20Wakayama
Uchita, Wakayama
was a town located in Naga District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. As of 2003 town had an estimated population of 15,111 and a density of 311.89 persons per km². The total area was 48.45 km². On November 11, 2005, Uchita, along with the towns of Kishigawa, Kokawa, Momoyama and Naga (all from Naga District), was merged to create the city of Kinokawa. External links Official town website Kinokawa city Dissolved municipalities of Wakayama Prefecture Kinokawa, Wakayama
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29189122
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean%20Hood
Jean Hood
Jean Hood is a maritime author and historian. Biography Jean Hood read English Literature at the University of Durham and began her professional career working in the cardboard industry as an advertising copywriter. Advertising soon led Hood to Lloyd's Register of Shipping where she became Information Officer during the 1980s. This posting marked a turn in her career; drawing on a continued passion for history, her job at Lloyd's Register of Shipping inspired a love for maritime history. She became an authoritative figure and consultant in this field, answering questions from private individuals, researchers and maritime art dealers. Her subsequent research on the 18c East Indiaman, ‘Winterton’, spanning two decades, became the subject of her first non-fiction book, Marked For Misfortune, published in 2003 by Conway Maritime Press. In 2006, Hood released Come Hell and High Water, an examination of several infamous or less well-known shipwrecks, to general critical acclaim. Warship International Fleet Review wrote that it ‘reads like the best fiction, yet they are all true stories’. It entered 2007's Good Book Guide, which commended the piece as ‘Meticulously researched and compelling.’ Janet Dempsey writing for the BBC's Who Do You Think You Are? magazine asserted ‘This is pure maritime magic’. Her next book, Submarine an anthology concerned with personal accounts of submarine warfare during the Second World War, followed in 2007 and also attracted positive reviews: ‘Hood has created a lasting tribute to all those who fought and died in these "iron coffins".' In 2009 Hood wrote the foreword to Dark Navy: The Italian Regia Marina and the Armistice of 8 September 1943 by Dr Enrico Cernuschi and Vince O'Hara, published by Nimble Books LLC, which was described as "a masterful account of the Regia Marina's role in the [Italian] Armistice of 1943". In an interview with The Sentinel in August 2010, Hood explained the intention of her latest work, Carrier: A Century of First-hand Accounts of Naval Operations in War and Peace (2010): ‘my book tells the human, rather than the technical, story of aircraft carriers and naval aviation, using eye-witness stories from those who served.’ Navy News described it as ‘probably the definitive book on life in the capital ship of the past seventy or so years… pretty much everything involving carrier operations, full stop, is covered.’ Hood lives in Cheshire, and has been quoted in her books as enjoying walking and opera. In 2010, Hood was commissioned to write the accompanying book to a major new exhibition on the war correspondent to be held at the Imperial War Museum North in Manchester, beginning the end of May 2011. According to the IWM, it will be 'the UK's largest ever exhibition about reporting war, featuring some of the people whose words, images, voices and faces bring the story from the frontline'. Bibliography The Dragon of Brog, Oxford University Press (1994). Marked for Misfortune: An Epic Tale of Shipwreck, Human Endeavour and Rescue in the Age of Sail, Conway Maritime Press (2003). Trafalgar Square: A Visual History of London’s Landmark Through Time, Batsford (2005). Come Hell and High Water: Extraordinary Stories of Wreck, Terror and Triumph on the Sea, Conway Publishing (2006). Submarine: An Anthology of First-hand Accounts of the War Under the Sea, 1939-45, Conway Publishing (2007). Dark Navy: The Italian Regia Marina and the Armistice of 8 September 1943 [Foreword], Nimble Books (2009). Carrier: A Century of First-hand Accounts of Naval Operations in War and Peace, Conway Publishing (2010). War Correspondent: Reporting Under Fire Since 1850, Conway Publishing (2011). References http://www.jeanhood.co.uk http://www.anovabooks.com/products/author.asp?authorid=101118 Living people British writers British historians Alumni of Durham University People from Cheshire Year of birth missing (living people)
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43605587
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%20IPC%20Athletics%20European%20Championships%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20long%20jump
2014 IPC Athletics European Championships – Men's long jump
The men's long jump at the 2014 IPC Athletics European Championships was held at the Swansea University Stadium from 18–23 August. Medalists Results T11 T12 T13 T20 T36 T37 T38 T42/44 T47 See also List of IPC world records in athletics References long jump Long jump at the World Para Athletics European Championships
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72228781
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972%20Troy%20State%20Red%20Wave%20football%20team
1972 Troy State Red Wave football team
The 1972 Troy State Red Wave football team represented Troy State University (now known as Troy University) as a member of the Gulf South Conference (GSC) during the 1972 NAIA Division I football season. Led by first-year head coach Tom Jones, the Red Wave compiled an overall record of 4–5–1 with a mark of 2–3–1 in conference play, placing fifth in the GSC. Schedule References Troy State Troy Trojans football seasons Troy State Trojans football
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415437
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struma%20%28river%29
Struma (river)
The Struma or Strymónas (Bulgarian: Струма ; ;) is a river in Bulgaria and Greece. Its ancient name was Strymṓn (Greek: Στρυμών ). Its drainage area is , of which in Bulgaria, in Greece and the remaining in North Macedonia and Serbia. It takes its source from the Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria, runs first westward, then southward, forming a number of gorges, enters Greece near the village of Promachonas in eastern Macedonia. In Greece it is the main waterway feeding and exiting from Lake Kerkini, a significant centre for migratory wildfowl. Also in Greece, the river entirely flows in the Serres regional unit into the Strymonian Gulf in Aegean Sea, near Amphipolis. The river's length is (of which in Bulgaria, making it the country's fifth-longest and one of the longest rivers that run solely in the interior of the Balkans. Parts of the river valley belong to a Bulgarian coal-producing area, more significant in the past than nowadays; the southern part of the Bulgarian section is an important wine region. The Greek portion is a valley which is dominant in agriculture, being Greece's fourth-biggest valley. The tributaries include the Konska River, the Dragovishtitsa, the Rilska River, the Blagoevgradska Bistritsa, the Sandanska Bistritsa, the Strumitsa, the Pirinska Bistritsa and the Angitis. Etymology The river's name comes from Thracian , derived from Proto-Indo-European * 'stream', akin to English stream, Old Irish 'river', Polish 'stream', Lithuanian straumuo 'fast stream', Bulgarian () 'water flow', Greek () 'stream', Albanian 'water flow', 'rain'. The name Strymón was a hydronym in ancient Greek mythology, referring to a mythical Thracian king that was drowned in the river. Strymón was also used as a personal name in various regions of Ancient Greece during the 3rd century BC. In Macedonian it is called Струма ; while in , 'black water'). History In 437 BC, the ancient Greek city of Amphipolis was founded near the river's entrance to the Aegean, at the site previously known as ('Nine roads'). When Xerxes I of Persia crossed the river during his invasion in 480 BC he buried alive nine young boys and nine maidens as a sacrifice to the river god. The forces of Alexander I of Macedon defeated the remnants of Xerxes' army near Ennea Hodoi in 479 BC. In 424 BC the Spartan general Brasidas after crossing the entire Greek peninsula sieged and conquered Amphipolis. According to the ancient sources, the river was navigable from its mouth up to the ancient (and today dried) Cercinitis lake, which also favored the navigation; and thus was formed in antiquity an important waterway that served the communication between the coasts of Strymonian Gulf and the Thracian hinterland and almost to the city of Serres. The decisive Battle of Kleidion was fought close the river in 1014 between the Bulgarians under Emperor Samuel and the Byzantines under Emperor Basil II and determined the fall of the First Bulgarian Empire four years later. In 1913, the Greek Army was nearly surrounded in the Kresna Gorge of the Struma by the Bulgarian Army during the Second Balkan War, and the Greeks were forced to ask for armistice. The river valley was part of the Macedonian front in World War I. The ship , which took Jewish refugees out of Romania in World War II and was torpedoed and sunk in the Black Sea, causing nearly 800 deaths, was named after the river. Gallery Honour Struma Glacier on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Struma River. Notes External links Livius.org: Strymon Rivers of Bulgaria Rivers of Greece International rivers of Europe Landforms of Kyustendil Province Landforms of Pernik Province Landforms of Sofia City Province Landforms of Serres (regional unit) Geography of Macedonia (region) Landforms of Central Macedonia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beast%20Boy
Beast Boy
Beast Boy (Garfield Logan) is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He has also gone under the alias Changeling. Created by writer Arnold Drake and artist Bob Brown, he is a shapeshifter who possesses the ability to metamorph into any animal he chooses. The character first appeared in Doom Patrol #99 (November 1965) and is usually depicted as a member of the Doom Patrol and the Teen Titans. Beast Boy has appeared in numerous cartoon television shows, TV, and films, including as one of the Teen Titans in Cartoon Network's eponymous series, voiced by Greg Cipes. Gar Logan made his live adaptation debut in the DC Universe and HBO Max series Titans, played by Ryan Potter. Beast Boy will appear in Beast Boy: Lone Wolf. Publication history The first DC Comics shapeshifter named Beast Boy, unrelated to Garfield Logan, first appeared in the Legion of Super-Heroes feature in Adventure Comics #324 (September 1964). He was one of the young super-heroes of the planet Lallor, who turned villain and was killed off in #339 (December 1965), just after Garfield Logan's first appearance in the November 1965 issue of Doom Patrol. This Beast Boy was allowed a last-minute reformation and heroic death. Created by writer Arnold Drake and artist Bob Brown, the Garfield Logan with whom readers would become more familiar made his first appearance in Doom Patrol #99 (November 1965). Beast Boy started out as an impolite teen who spoke his mind and wouldn't do what he was told. Drake explained that "we wanted to have a character who could assume many different animal forms, and also wanted a kid in the strip, someone the kids could relate to. They were starting to talk back to their elders. They were starting to make their elders earn their respect. So Beast Boy was an attempt to picture what I thought was happening among some of the young people." Fictional character biography As a young child, Garfield Logan lived with his scientist parents in Africa, who were developing "reverse evolution" to bring back extinct creatures. He received a certain amount of abuse from his parents, consequently becoming increasingly reclusive. Garfield contracted a rare illness called Sakutia, which is lethal to every species except the West African green monkey. To save his life, his father used an untested science experiment to change him into a West African green monkey for 24 hours so that the virus could die out. The serum had the unintended effect of permanently turning his skin, eyes, and hair green and granting him the ability to metamorph into any animal of his choice, which also shared his pigmentation. His parents later died in a boating accident; to this day, Garfield believes he could have prevented their deaths. After he is rescued from two kidnappers who forced him to use his powers to help them in their crimes, Garfield is left under the care of a court-appointed guardian, the despicable Nicholas Galtry. Galtry realizes that his embezzlement from the Logan estate will be exposed when Garfield reaches maturity and receives his inheritance, and thus plots to kill Garfield. The villains he hires to kill Garfield are stopped by the Doom Patrol; Elasti-Girl and her husband Steve Dayton expose Galtry's embezzlement and adopt Garfield. Garfield later joins the Doom Patrol. His uniform includes a purple cowl, and he takes the code name Beast Boy. During his tenure with the Doom Patrol, Garfield has a romantic relationship with a girl from his high school named Jillian Jackson. After he saves her from Galtry (then using the alias "Arsenal"), the relationship dissolves. Later, Beast Boy is deeply affected by the deaths of the Doom Patrol. Joining the Titans He later uses both his lime green skin and shape-shifting powers to play an extraterrestrial character on a science-fiction television series, Space Trek: 2020, but it is soon cancelled due to lawsuits from both Star Trek and Space: 1999. During its run, Garfield joins the West Coast team of the Teen Titans (known as Titans West) and is later part of the New Teen Titans assembled by Dick Grayson (Robin) and Raven. By this time, Garfield has taken the name Changeling. This name change is not explained until a later flashback revealed that a new version of an old Doom Patrol enemy, the Arsenal (from DP #113, August 1967), the identity this time assumed by Gar's ex-guardian Nicholas Galtry, mocked the name "Beast Boy" so much that he ruined it for him. He remains with various incarnations of the team and forms a close friendship with Cyborg. Garfield's character is often used as comic relief through his joking and "wise cracking". However, this is only a facade, as he uses humour to hide a deep inner pain. Logan has suffered many hardships in his life, some described previously. Other notable incidents include; during his time with the New Teen Titans, Garfield's stepfather was discovered to have been driven mad by the helmet which was central to his powers, and when Garfield fell in love with Terra, a girl with earth-manipulating powers and fellow Teen Titans member, who turned out to be a spy working for the assassin Deathstroke the Terminator and who is eventually killed. Despite all his struggles, Garfield is friendly, humorous and upbeat. Like most of the other founding members of the New Teen Titans (including Nightwing), he considers the group to be his family and the people to whom he will always be closest. Though he often grapples with being taken seriously and an inferiority complex, Garfield loves and trusts his former teammates completely. Limited series and Titans West Seeking to resume his acting career, Changeling leaves the Titans and moves to Los Angeles to live with his screenwriter cousin Matt. Failing to find any serious work, Gar attempts to clear his name after having been framed for a series of murders around the city. He eventually discovers that the real culprit is Gemini, the daughter of his old Doom Patrol foe Madame Rouge. Blaming Gar for her mother's death, Gemini reveals that she has hired a pair of mercenaries known as Fear and Loathing to kidnap Tim Bender and Vicky Valiant, Gar's former Space Trek: 2020 co-stars. With the bound and gagged actors in tow, Gemini attempts to flee, only to be defeated by the combined might of Beast Boy (who had decided to return to this code name at this time) and his former Titans West teammate Bette Kane. Once again in the public eye, Gar decides to ignore his newfound celebrity status and resume his superhero career. Along with Bette and Matt, Gar purchases a new apartment. While accompanying Bette to Tokyo for a tennis match, Gar is possessed by a Tengu, but is freed by Japanese superhero Bushido. Following a failed attempt to recreate "Titans West" as "Titans L.A.", as recounted in Titans Secret Files #2 (October 2000), Garfield rejoins the main team. Mentor Following the apparent death of Donna Troy, the Titans and Young Justice both disband. Moving back to San Francisco, Cyborg, Starfire, and Beast Boy decide to form a new team of Teen Titans, acting as mentors to the former members of Young Justice. During the events of the Infinite Crisis, Beast Boy assembles a team of past and present Titans to battle Superboy-Prime. Despite a valiant effort, the Titans are easily defeated by the impossibly powerful Superboy-Prime. "Infinite Crisis" and 52 Beast Boy is present as a member of the team during the events of the 2005–2006 storyline "Infinite Crisis". In the 2006 - 2007 weekly series 52, following the death of Superboy, Wonder Girl and Robin, Cyborg, and Starfire leave the team, and Beast Boy takes the role of leader. Beast Boy recruits new Titan members, but the new teenage superheroes are more interested in their fame than seeking true justice. When Steel calls the Titans for help, most of the Titans abandons the team, leaving only Beast Boy, Raven, and Zatara. Beast Boy manages to recruit Aquagirl, and Offspring, and the new team aid Steel on a raid on Lexcorp. Beast Boy also participated in World War III. Due to Beast Boy's effort, the Teen Titans returns to its normal state after Wonder Girl and Robin's return. "One Year Later" While the events of Infinite Crisis unfold, details of Beast Boy's life "One Year Later" are revealed in the current Teen Titans comic book. Teen Titans vol. 3 #34 (May 2006) shows scenes from the year between the conclusion of Infinite Crisis and One Year Later, from the damaged Cyborg's POV. Garfield leads the Teen Titans, before quitting the team following his breakup with Raven. He then rejoins his original team, the Doom Patrol, saying that the team doesn't need his help and that Robin can handle leadership. He is also feeling uneasy about remaining in a team without Cyborg. After Cyborg awakens, Beast Boy and the rest of the Doom Patrol help the Titans fight off the Brotherhood of Evil, who have managed to clone the Brain. The clone is a failure, however, and Monsieur Mallah ends up tearing his head off so that he can preserve his master's brain. After returning, Beast Boy is infuriated to discover that the Chief has been manipulating them and trying to do the same to Kid Devil. Garfield and his partners stand up to the Chief and make him step down as the Doom Patrol's leader. Beast Boy stays with his old team, saying that they still need him; however, he does answer a call from Raven to help the Titans combat Titans East. Raven later hints that she still loves Garfield and offers to help him heal after the battle with Deathstroke, but Garfield remains uncertain. Titans In Titans vol. 2 #1 (2008), Gar is attacked by Trigon, who floods his room with fire and brimstone. In retaliation, Gar joins the new Titans team, wearing a costume similar to his old Changeling uniform. In later issues, the group is attacked by the Children of Trigon, who use Garfield's suppressed anger and rage against Raven, who is also affected in the same manner. The two attack the other, but the fight is eventually broken up when the Titans begin to recover from the attack. Raven's three half-brothers then use her and Gar, transforming him into a demonic beast, to act as keys to open a portal to Trigon's realm. Raven uses her own power to influence greed in others to make her half-brothers steal what little power Trigon had left. The portal is closed, and Trigon's sons, believing they have gained great power, leave the scene, returning Gar to normal. Following this, the team has settled themselves down at Titans Tower (supposedly the New York base), where they attempt to recover from recent events. Raven and Beast Boy go out together on a "not-a-date". During this, Raven reveals that since she faced her brothers, she has begun to feel as if she is losing control and slipping back under the thrall of her father's powers. Although Beast Boy rejects the idea, he is blind-sided as Raven gives in to her darker side, under the influence of her half-brothers' coaxing. Using her teleporting powers, she and the Sons of Trigon vanish, leaving a distraught Beast Boy behind to warn the others. The Titans are later able to save Raven, using a gem that she had entrusted to Donna Troy. The gem carried a piece of her pure-soul self, which then cleansed the evil of Raven. Afterwards, Raven gave Beast Boy and the rest of the team similar magical items in case she should ever be corrupted again. Raven later turns down Beast Boy's attempts to reconcile completely as a couple, although there are hints that she deeply regrets this but views it as a necessity for Beast Boy's safety. Return to Teen Titans After Beast Boy is once again rejected by Raven, Cyborg gives him a talk about his need to act like a clown while around his old friends, telling him that if he ever wants to get on with his life, he needs to forget about the past and move forward. Still depressed, Gar goes to San Francisco after being asked to fill in for Owlman at a superhero convention. After causing a scene by attacking a man dressed in a Deathstroke mask, Gar leaves the convention in a huff, only to stumble upon a massive battle between the Teen Titans and Cinderblock. Despite protests from the team's struggling leader Wonder Girl, Beast Boy shows true leadership by saving the life of Bombshell and stopping Static from making a suicidal charge against the seemingly unbreakable villain. With Beast Boy's help, the Teen Titans defeat Cinderblock, with Gar leaving and telling them to take all the credit. Upon returning home, Beast Boy decides to take Cyborg's advice about moving forward, resolving to move to San Francisco and take over the leadership of the Teen Titans. During the events of the 2009–2010 storyline "Blackest Night", Beast Boy faces Terra again after she is reanimated as a Black Lantern. She attempts to lull him into a false sense of security, but Gar ultimately attacks her and severs her arm after her fellow Lanterns attack the other Titans. After the Blackest Night ends, Beast Boy and Wonder Girl lead the Titans to the city of Dakota after Static is kidnapped by a metahuman crime lord named Holocaust. Throughout the rescue mission, Beast Boy and Wonder Girl clash over who is actually running the team, with Gar even going so far as to call Cyborg (who is now a member of the Justice League) for help behind Cassie's back. During the final battle with Holocaust, Cyborg arrives with Superboy and Kid Flash in tow, and, close to defeat, Holocaust desperately tries to kill all of the Titans by using his pyrokinetic abilities to burn the building they are in to the ground. Beast Boy ultimately rescues his teammates by transforming into a mythical phoenix, with Cyborg later telling him how proud he is of him. In the final issue of this incarnation of the Titans, Superboy-Prime and his Legion of Doom attack Titan's Tower. Raven stops Kid Flash just before he can kill Inertia. Then she reveals her soul-self to Headcase, terrifying and defeating him. After the Legion of Doom is defeated and Superboy-Prime is bound to the Source Wall, Beast Boy and Raven have a talk about her difficulty in reading Solstice's emotions, and their encounter with Headcase. Eventually, Raven starts to open up about her true feelings. While it was her inner darkness that scarred her entire life, she was even more frightened of what her love for Beast Boy might cause her to do. Beast Boy makes it clear he doesn't want to escape from any part of her. Touched, Raven decides that she needs to embrace the positive feelings inside her rather than just her negative ones. Beast Boy assures her this is part of being human, and points out, "I think you've worried enough about the bad....so why don't we focus on the good for a change?" With that, they share a heartfelt kiss to renew their relationship and ultimately embrace their love for each other. The New 52 In September 2011, The New 52 rebooted DC's continuity. In this new timeline, Garfield is first reintroduced through a passing reference in Red Hood and the Outlaws #1. The reference includes Cyborg, Garth, Nightwing, Lilith and a new unseen character named Dustin, who are established to be members of a team that Starfire seemingly no longer remembers. The Ravagers The first appearance of Beast Boy in The New 52 shows him as a member of the new superhero team The Ravagers, led by Caitlin Fairchild. Beast Boy is red instead of his traditional color green. The decision to change Beast Boy to the color red was because of a relation to "The Red", the extradimensional power source of Animal Man's abilities, and while it wasn't revealed how the change occurred, it can be assumed it was due to the experiments done to Beast Boy and the hundreds of young metahumans held captive by the shadowy organization N.O.W.H.E.R.E.. Also in the Ravagers team are Terra, Thunder and Lightning and a new character Ridge. In The New 52, the Ravagers are a group of super-powered teens who have escaped the plans of Harvest in The Culling. The team was formed after the Teen Titans and the Legionnaires stuck in the present day were abducted by Harvest, and then later stopped the villain and escaped. Beast Boy and Terra develop a strong bond with each other during imprisonment in a place named The Colony, where Harvest forces super-powered teenagers to fight each other and undergo experiments to find the strongest among them. The selected few are intended as a team to serve the organization N.O.W.H.E.R.E. in perfidy. It was in one of their experiments that Gar revealed his powers for the first time in The New 52 continuity. In this place Beast Boy is defended by Terra from being attacked by other super-powered prisoners, returning the favor later when Terra is in danger. Once free of the Colony, Terra and Beast Boy separated from the rest of their fellow Ravagers, hiding together in a cave. Later Beast Boy started having nightmares with the remaining Ravagers all covered with blood. It was later revealed that the one causing his nightmares was Brother Blood as he was targeting the one who could be used as a key to his master gain access to The Red. Due to his connection with The Red, Beast Boy was the only one who could sense the evil intents of Brother Blood and therefore the key Blood was looking for. After sensing his presence, Beast Boy convinced Terra to help the remaining Ravagers who were captured by Blood to be used as a sacrifice in his ritual and they eventually manage to stop and defeat Blood. After those events Fairchild led the team to a place in Los Angeles. There the team is confronted by Superboy and Niles Caulder. Caulder is introduced as a long time known of Fairchild and is also implied that Caulder has known Beast Boy although their connection has not been explored. Later Fairchild and Caulder introduces the team to a deep underground science & engineering facility, which provides headquarters and combat training for the team in their campaign against the organization of N.O.W.H.E.R.E. as meanwhile Harvest has sent Rose Wilson and Warblade to recapture them. As the series progresses Beast Boy and Terra start developing romantic feelings for each other as Beast Boy finally finds someone who cared for him in the middle of the countless tortures and painful experiments he has suffered back in the Colony. Later Terra opens up her feelings for Gar teasing him: "Why in the world haven't you tried to kiss me yet?" as they share a passionate kiss. After the kiss they become a couple. With Rose and Warblade having difficulties in capturing the Ravagers, Harvest makes a deal with Deathstroke to hunt down the Ravagers and attack each one using a special weapon called the Abeo Blade. Succeeding in invading Caulder's place, Deathstroke manages to "kill" Ridge (in his human form - a child), Caulder himself, Thunder and Lightning using the weapon, and also cuts Warblade's head off. As Deathstroke chooses an already injured Beast Boy as his next victim, a desperate Terra tries to stop him in fear of losing Gar. But her attempt falls short as she is stabbed and burned by Deathstroke's Abeo Blade. As a horrified Garfield sees Terra burning right before his eyes, pure rage takes command of him as he transforms into a werewolf and delivers Deathstroke a hard blow in the face which tears off his mask and bloodies his nose and mouth. Still in berserk state Beast Boy turns into a dinosaur and lashes at Deathstroke, causing the support beam to collapse and bury him in a pile of rubble. After that Deathstroke leaves an unconscious and bloodied Beast Boy on the ground believing that he is dead. After the battle with Beast Boy, Deathstroke proceeds and stabs Rose and then Fairchild with the Abeo Blade finishing his job. Later it is revealed that the Abeo Blade was not a weapon meant to but instead a teleportation device, sending Terra, Rose and the other Ravagers except Beast Boy back to the Colony once again. As part of the deal Harvest gives Rose and Terra to Deathstroke. Teen Titans As an almost dead Beast Boy is left on the remains of the facility he is approached by Raven. After being touched by her, Beast Boy awakens and when he asks if Harvest has sent her she apologizes stating that she brought him into the fray much sooner than she expected and completes: "Hush. We are birds of a feather now... You are mine to control" as Raven mind-controls him and teleports them to New York, where she uses him as her minion in the battle of her father Trigon and the Teen Titans. Beast Boy, under Raven's influence, pulls the Titans and Psimon away from the fight. When Psimon kills the police reinforcements, Beast Boy sees it and squeezes him, resulting the both of them to cancel out each other's powers and rendering them unconscious. After regaining consciousness Beast Boy sides with the Titans in their fight against Trigon and his sons in New York City. Succeeding their first encounter and battle against Trigon, Beast Boy decides to leave the group to assist Bunker who decides to see his recently awaken boyfriend who was in coma. Forever Evil After the departure of the two, the Titans confront Johnny Quick, a member of the Crime Syndicate to arrive from Earth-3 at the conclusion of the "Trinity War" event. As a result, the Titans got separated and tossed in the time stream. Due to this, Red Robin, Wonder Girl and Superboy were sent 20 years in the future and Red Robin decides to lead the rest to the Batcave of the future to get answers. They get there only to see that almost everything in there is destroyed, including the deaths of Batman and Alfred. Then the group is suddenly teleported to the Justice League Watchtower where Garfield, now labeled as Beast Man (and green), confronts them and informs that he is the last Justice Leaguer standing. He also shows the others that he along with Rose Wilson, are training superpowered teenagers to become a team themselves. In a private conversation with Red Robin, Gar reveals the events that led to the situation of this future is Jon Lane Kent (the son of Superman and Lois Lane of this timeline) went on rampage killing all metahumans, also states that Superboy is the clone of Jon Lane Kent, and finally tells Red Robin that his future self entrusted on him as Garfield was able to know his name, a thing that no other Titan knew, and that was all part of future Tim's plan to use Garfield as the source of this information for his past self, so he might be able to change the course of the future. After that Garfield with Rose's help, rescue an injured and unconscious Jon Lane, due to a clash with Kon. Now with Jon Lane treated but still unconscious, even though Gar and Rose express their desire to kill him for all the things he has done, they put in action a plan that involves changing the places of Kon and Jon Lane as the Superboy, dressing the latter in a copy of Kon's costume as another attempt to avoid those terrible events from happening again. With the return of Red Robin and Wonder Girl, now with Raven at their side, the plan is fulfilled as the three Titans departed with Jon Lane instead of Kon. Right after they leave, Rose questions Garfield if it was the right thing to do, after stating that he puts "way too much faith in the Titans", like he has always been which Gar responds: "I damn well hope so Rose. I damn well hope so". It is also revealed that in this timeline Rose and Garfield are wife and husband and their daughter named Red, is one of the teens in training. DC Rebirth Beast Boy once again joins the Teen Titans led by Damian Wayne along with Starfire, Raven, and Kid Flash. Following Dark Nights: Metal and Justice League: No Justice, the breaching of the Source Wall causes the powers of many of Earth's metahuman population to become erratic. In Beast Boy's case, he occasionally transforms into a monstrous, hulking version of himself, often going on rampages until he can regain his senses. Wanting to assist other metahumans affected by the Source Wall like himself, he joins Nightwing's new incarnation of the Titan's, joining with Raven, Miss Martian, Donna Troy, and Steel. Following a confrontation between the Titans and Mother Blood, Beast Boy gains control over his new transformation. Powers and abilities Beast Boy has the ability to morph and transform into any animal that he has seen himself or has seen in an illustration (as is the case when he shapeshifts into an animal such as an extinct dinosaur). These transformations take only 1 second and Beast Boy has demonstrated that he is capable of rapidly changing his form with little or no effort expended. As a corollary to this power, he can transform back into his default form if an external force, like magic, transforms him into an animal. His power enables him to completely alter his body mass, being able to take the shape of animals far larger and heavier than himself, such as an elephant, a hippopotamus, or a Tyrannosaurus rex (though until recent stories, such larger forms would physically exhaust him), or smaller and lighter animals such as mice, arachnids and insects. As a result of his rapidly changing genetic structure and mass, Beast Boy has an increased healing factor comparable to that of the Creeper and Deathstroke, allowing him to heal from bullet wounds, burns, and broken bones in a matter of seconds, and in some story lines regrow entire limbs. He cannot change or return to a form if the space he occupies is too small and he cannot normally break through confines (as seen when he attempts to transform into a Tyrannosaurus Rex underneath a bridge and hits his head, instantly aborting the transformation). His power also enables him to radically alter his body structure and take forms of animals without limbs, like snakes, or those without skeletons like a jellyfish. In two notable instances, he has even taken the form of multiple individuals simultaneously (once as a swarm of fireflies, and again as a mass of barnacles). In another comic he was seen to take on the form of what appeared to be a green version of Beast from X-Men. Beast Boy's transformations have not been limited to Earth life forms. When on a rescue mission in the Vegan system to free Starfire, he easily transformed into a Gordanian, one of the green-skinned alien warriors native to the system, to sneak Robin and Cyborg onto a warship. In the "Who is Wonder Girl?" story arc, he was able to infiltrate another alien world after being shown a green-skinned creature native to the planet; he had some difficulty with this change, claiming that Earth-animal forms he knew instinctively, but was successful in the transformation. When he pursued Madame Rouge in revenge for her role in killing his foster mother, Rita Farr, he began transforming into creatures that do not even exist, products of his subconscious rage against the villainess. While an animal, he gains all of the physical abilities, attributes, and characteristics of said animal, such as greatly enhanced superhuman strength (a gorilla), superhuman speed (a cheetah), and enhanced durability (a turtle), and abilities such as flight (various birds), and aquatic breathing (various fish). He can even gain the specific poisons and toxins produced by specific snakes. He also gains the ability to survive or otherwise live in the same hostile environments some animals can, as seen in one comic where he morphs into a parasitic worm to become resistant to the stomach acid and immune system of Brother Blood when he dived into the villain's intestinal tract to retrieve Raven's chakra. While in animal form, Beast Boy retains his human intellect, memories, and the ability to speak. No matter what form he takes, his skin, hair, and eyes remain green, making most of his animal forms easy to distinguish from real animals of that species. (In the DC-Marvel crossover with the X-Men, his attempt to infiltrate Darkseid's forces and stop him from recreating Dark Phoenix, was frustrated by the fact that Darkseid's minions are not green.) In the early comics, his coloration would change to that appropriate to the animal form he had taken, with only his head remaining green. When Raven implanted Garfield with an evil seed of her father Trigon, he began to transform into more demon-like creatures. Eventually, he found himself more comfortable in these horrific shapes than as a human, and stayed shifted. After becoming completely corrupted by the evil seed, he was used by Raven and Trigon, but eventually returned to normal. Titans vol. 4 #4 reveals that a small part of that seed still remains within him, which Trigon's sons manipulate, using the demonic energies to open the portal to Trigon's realm. According to Marv Wolfman and George Pérez, the reason Garfield is never seen shapeshifting into other humans, although his powers should allow it, is because any human he turns into would be green and there would be no point for him to use that ability unless he was turning into someone like the Hulk. In the series Tales of the Teen Titans, it's implied that Garfield also has unexplored psionic abilities. Although Mento's psionic helmet is only capable of amplifying its user's psionic abilities, Garfield was shown to successfully use it to trick the Teen Titans into perceiving him as Slade. He maintains great proficiency in hand-to-hand combat, and is capable of defeating well-trained hand-to-hand fighters, though he's not considered to be at a level comparable to Batman or Deathstroke. At one point, he has displayed an ability to read lips, which he used to discover an assassination plot that Galtry devised against him. Other versions A character called "Changeling" is first seen in Action Comics #400, in the story "My Son... Is He Man or Beast?" written by Leo Dorfman, and illustrated by Curt Swan and Murphy Anderson (cover by Neal Adams). Gregor Nagy, a late friend's son, gained the power to temporarily metamorphosize his body into other forms (primarily animal forms) from a failed experiment of his father's. Superman is named Gregor's guardian, and he teaches "Changeling" to use his powers for good. Gregor is killed when he manages to imitate Superman's powers and goes on a deep-sea rescue mission, only to be crushed by the underwater pressure when his temporary powers start to fade. In the "Titans Tomorrow" storyline, Beast Boy calls himself "Animal Man". In this storyline, he has the power to use more than one animal power at a time such as using an amoeba's power to split to create copies of himself while in the form of another creature. He also demonstrates the ability to become mythical animals, and is much more feral than his more fun-loving former self. In Teen Titans: Earth One, Gar Logan/Changeling is re-introduced as a founding member of the Titans here portrayed a group of children, as part of STAR Lab's experiments with the Meta-Gene. In the possible future seen in the 1996 miniseries Kingdom Come, Beast Boy has changed his name to "Menagerie" and, for unspecified reasons, can only transform into mythical creatures. In the 'Mash-Up' storyline seen in issues #60-61 of Superman/Batman, the two heroes were sent to an alternate dimension by Doctor Destiny. This world was home to the Justice Titans, and amalgamation of the Justice League and the Teen Titans. This world's version of Beast Boy was known as Hawkbeast, a combination of Beast Boy and Hawkman. In the alternate timeline of the 2011 Flashpoint storyline, Changeling was member of the hyper-intelligent gorillas attacking in Namibe. When Traci Thirteen freed the citizens, Changeling betrays the gorillas. He turns into an insect and flies inside a Gorilla's head, before turning back into a human, tearing the Gorilla's head apart. He is told by Traci Thirteen to take care of the citizens. In the alternate reality of Nightwing: The New Order, Nightwing ends an ongoing feud between superpowered beings by activating a device that depowers ninety percent of the super powered population. This builds to a future where super powers are outlawed and any super powered being must take inhibitor medications or be contained and studied should the medications not work on them. Beast Boy is a member of the Titans, who form a resistance against the anti-metahuman government. Beast Boy was morphing into a leopard when the device went off, causing his body to permanently stay in a half-human half-leopard form. In Kami Garcia's 2020 graphic novel Teen Titans: Beast Boy, Gar is depicted as a small for his age High School student living in Georgia. His friends have nicknamed him Beast Boy because of his penchant for doing crazy stunts for attention. His parents, who are shown to be researchers in search of grants, have him take a vitamin "supplement" every morning. When Gar realizes he is not growing he looks up the supplement and realizes it has the side-effect of suppressing the pituitary gland. He stops taking it and begins to grow, literally overnight, and experiences the ability to communicate with animals, night vision and eventually begins turning green and growing fur. In other media Television Beast Boy appears in Teen Titans (2003), voiced by Greg Cipes. This version is a member of the eponymous team and former member of the Doom Patrol who lacks the ability to speak while transformed. Beast Boy makes a cameo appearance in the Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "The Last Patrol!" as part of a poster advertising a carnival's freak show. Beast Boy appears in Young Justice, voiced by Logan Grove in the first two seasons and again by Greg Cipes in the third and fourth seasons. Introduced in the first season episode "Image", eight-year-old Garfield Logan lived with his mother Marie Logan, who runs the Logan Animal Sanctuary at the border of Qurac and Bialya. While on a mission in Qurac, the Team secretly rescue the Logans from a wildebeest stampede caused by the Bialyan Republican Army. However, Garfield is critically injured during a subsequent attack on the sanctuary. To save his life, Miss Martian gives him a blood transfusion, which turns his skin green and grants him his shapeshifting abilities. In between the first two seasons, Garfield worked with the Doom Patrol, of which his godmother Rita Farr was a member, before most of them died on a mission and Queen Bee murdered Marie. As of the second season, Garfield has taken the name Beast Boy and joined the Team. In the third season, he has left the Team due in part to his legal guardian and fellow surviving Doom Patrol member Steve Dayton, entered a relationship with Queen Perdita of Vlatava, became a celebrity, star of the TV series Space Trek 3016, and an advocate for anti-metahuman trafficking as part of Dayton's scheme to exploit Garfield. Eventually, a disgruntled Garfield successfully sues Dayton for emancipation and discovers he was chosen by a monkey god, with the blood transfusion serving as a catalyst for his transformation. With Miss Martian's help, Garfield realizes he was running from the trauma of losing loved ones and forms the Outsiders. In the fourth season however, he suffers from depression following Superboy's apparent death, leading to him breaking up with Perdita and quitting his acting career and the Outsiders, though he eventually recovers upon discovering Conner alive and adopts an emotional support Corgi. Beast Boy appears in the "New Teen Titans" segment of DC Nation Shorts, voiced again by Greg Cipes. Beast Boy appears in Teen Titans Go! (2013), voiced again by Greg Cipes. Similarly to the Teen Titans (2003) incarnation, this version is a member of the Teen Titans and former member of the Doom Patrol. Additionally, he is more laid-back & idiotic than most incarnations and displays a crush on teammate Raven, which culminates into a mutual attraction and relationship over the course of the series. He also received his powers from the Chief, who used an experimental monkey serum on him when he was a baby. The Teen Titans (2003) version of the character also appears in the episode "The Academy" via archival footage. Beast Boy makes a non-speaking cameo appearance in the DC Super Friends short. Garfield "Gar" Logan appears in Titans, portrayed by Ryan Potter. Introduced as a member of the Doom Patrol, this version suffered from a primate-related disease until he received a serum administered by Niles Caulder, which granted Gar his powers. Additionally, he could only shapeshift into a tiger at first and lacks a "supersuit" capable of shapeshifting with him, leaving him naked upon reverting to human form. With encouragement from his fellow Doom Patrol members, Gar leaves them to live his own life and joins Dick Grayson and Kory Anders in protecting Rachel Roth, with whom he becomes close. By the fourth season, S.T.A.R. Labs gives Beast Boy special equipment that enables him to turn into animals without having to remove his clothes. Additionally, the Teen Titans Go! (2013) incarnation of Beast Boy makes a cameo appearance in the episode "Dude, Where's My Gar?" via archival footage. Beast Boy appears in DC Super Hero Girls (2019), voiced by Kari Wahlgren. On June 16, 2023, it was announced that Beast Boy will appear in Beast Boy: Lone Wolf, which will air on Cartoon Network EMEA. Film Beast Boy appears in Teen Titans: Trouble in Tokyo, voiced again by Greg Cipes. Beast Boy appears in the DC Animated Movie Universe (DCAMU) film Justice League vs. Teen Titans, voiced by Brandon Soo Hoo. This version is a member of the Teen Titans who is capable of transforming into a variation of the Teen Titans (2003) incarnation's super-werewolf form from the episode "The Beast Within" and a number of other-dimensional creatures, including an unintended transformation while in Trigon's realm. Beast Boy appears in Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League: Gotham City Breakout, voiced again by Greg Cipes. Beast Boy appears in DC Super Hero Girls: Hero of the Year, voiced again by Greg Cipes. This version displays a passion for pumpernickel and a habitual desire to address girls as "Mama" like the Teen Titans Go! (2013) incarnation. Beast Boy appears in the DCAMU film Teen Titans: The Judas Contract, voiced again by Brandon Soo Hoo. Beast Boy appears in DC Super Hero Girls: Intergalactic Games, voiced again by Greg Cipes. Beast Boy appears in Teen Titans Go! To the Movies, voiced again by Greg Cipes. The Teen Titans Go! (2013) and Teen Titans (2003) incarnations of Beast Boy appear in Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans, with both voiced again by Greg Cipes. Additionally, several alternate universe incarnations of Beast Boy appear throughout the film, including his counterparts from Tiny Titans, the New Teen Titans comic, and the DCAMU. Beast Boy makes a non-speaking appearance in a flashback in the DCAMU film Justice League Dark: Apokolips War as a member of the Titans who were killed by Darkseid's Paradooms while protecting Earth. Beast Boy appears in Teen Titans Go! & DC Super Hero Girls: Mayhem in the Multiverse, voiced again by Greg Cipes. Video games Beast Boy appears as a playable character in Teen Titans (2006) as a member of the eponymous team. Beast Boy appears in DC Universe Online voiced by Josh Meyer. This version is a member of the Justice League. The Young Justice incarnation of Beast Boy appears as a playable character in Young Justice: Legacy, voiced by Jason Spisak. The classic, pre-New 52, and New 52 incarnations of Beast Boy appear as character summons in Scribblenauts Unmasked: A DC Comics Adventure. This version is capable of flying without needing to shapeshift into an animal that can do so. Beast Boy appears as a playable character in Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham, voiced by Nolan North. The Teen Titans Go! (2013) incarnation of Beast Boy appears as a playable character in Lego Dimensions, voiced again by Greg Cipes. Beast Boy makes a non-speaking cameo appearance in Starfire's ending in Injustice 2 as a member of the Teen Titans who was killed years prior. Beast Boy appears as a playable character and boss in Lego DC Super-Villains, voiced again by Greg Cipes. Beast Boy appears in Fortnite Battle Royale as part of the "Teen Titans Cup". Miscellaneous The Teen Titans (2003) incarnation of Beast Boy appears in Teen Titans Go! (2004). This version fell ill after being bitten by a green monkey. His parents' attempts to cure him resulted in him gaining his powers, though they died in a flood. The orphaned Beast Boy tried to join the Doom Patrol by breaking into their quarters and impressed them while evading capture, earning membership into the group and developing a fear of being rejected by them. Additionally, Robby Reed unknowingly borrows Beast Boy's powers and goes by the name Changeling. Beast Boy appears in issue #7 of the Batman: The Brave and the Bold tie-in comic series as a member of the Doom Patrol. Beast Boy appears in the Injustice: Gods Among Us prequel comic as a member of the Teen Titans who resents former team leader Nightwing for abandoning them to join the Justice League before he is killed in the Metropolis disaster. Beast Boy appears in DC Super Hero Girls (2015), voiced again by Greg Cipes. References External links DC Comics official origin page for Beast Boy. Characters created by Arnold Drake Characters created by Bob Brown Comics characters introduced in 1965 DC Comics characters who are shapeshifters DC Comics characters who can move at superhuman speeds DC Comics characters with accelerated healing DC Comics characters with superhuman durability or invulnerability DC Comics characters with superhuman senses DC Comics characters with superhuman strength DC Comics child superheroes DC Comics male superheroes DC Comics martial artists DC Comics metahumans DC Comics orphans Doom Patrol Fictional actors Fictional characters who can morph animal or plant forms Fictional characters with animal abilities Fictional therianthropes Fictional vegan and vegetarian characters Superheroes who are adopted Teenage characters in television Teenage superheroes
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40201085
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Krejcarek
Philip Krejcarek
Philip Krejcarek is a Wisconsin-based fine-art photographer and artist. He taught courses in photography at Carroll University (1977-2020). There, he served as Chair of the Visual and Performing Arts Department. In 1993, he received The Benjamin F. Richason Award for Excellence in Teaching, Research, and Educational Innovation. He has won both regional and national awards for his work as an artist, and has published on photography. Has written three books on photography, including An Introduction to Digital Imaging (Thomson Learning, 2002), Digital Photography: A Hands on Introduction (Thomson Learning, 1996), and Photography as a Fine Art (Simon & Schuster, 1987). His influences include notable American photographers, sculptors, and installation artists, including Sandy Skoglund, Jerry Uelsmann, and Arthur Tress. He is a recipient of a Wisconsin Arts Board grant for individual artists and regular presents at conferences such as the Society for Photographic Education. His work has been displayed in national exhibitions and has been included in collections at the Milwaukee Art Museum, The Denver Art Museum, Wustum Museum of Fine Arts, and the Haggerty Museum of Art. He has been showcased by the ACLU as an artist whose work has sparked debates about freedom of expression, In 2013, he received a prize for his photograph, “On the Scuppernong Trail,” in the Milwaukee Area Teachers of Art spring exhibition. Krejcarek received his M.F.A. degree in sculpture, and his work was featured in the Lynden Sculpture Garden. with blue ladder sculptures. He is the author of plays, short stories, articles, and a novel, Sybil. He has self-published 25 written books and created photography books. The written books include: Sybil, Impure Thoughts, Words, and Deeds, Half-Life Stories, It Might Have Happened This Way, Last Chance, Still, Click, Unitil, Dead, Sybil's Story, Normal, Pip, 13, The Plays, Stories, Almost, Becoming, Maybe, If, Dead People, Those Who Can't, When, Then, Then Again, and Once Upon a Time. Some of the photography books include: Dead, Second Coming, The Magdalene, Kodak Moment, Muse, Rubber Ducky, Exhibited At, Caution Signs, Calatrava, Orb, Signs Along the Way, Goddess of the Night, and Blue Ladders. Early Years Philip Krejcarek wa born on August 13, 1946, in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. He graduated from Nathan Hale High School, West Allis, Wisconsin in 1964. He received a B.S. in Art degree from The University of Wisconsin - Oshkosh in 1968. He earned an M.F.A. degree in sculpture form the University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee in 1973. He taught art at Marquette University High School from 1968-1977, There he introduced courses in ceramics, photography and architecture. He also taught workshops at Peninsula School Art and Björklunden in Door County, Wisconsin, as well at Ghost Ranch, New Mexico. References Living people Carroll University faculty Artists from Wisconsin Writers from Wisconsin Fine art photographers Year of birth missing (living people)
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12273862
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liao%20Wenfen
Liao Wenfen
Liao Wenfen (born 30 April 1963) is a retired Chinese long jumper. Her personal best jump was , achieved in May 1988 in Hamamatsu. International competitions References External links 1963 births Living people Chinese female long jumpers Olympic athletes for China Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics Athletes (track and field) at the 1988 Summer Olympics Asian Games medalists in athletics (track and field) Athletes (track and field) at the 1982 Asian Games Athletes (track and field) at the 1986 Asian Games Asian Games gold medalists for China Medalists at the 1982 Asian Games Medalists at the 1986 Asian Games Asian Athletics Championships winners 20th-century Chinese women
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68065991
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando%20Cota
Fernando Cota
Fernando Velazco Cota (June 20, 1946 – October 14, 1984) was an American rapist, kidnapper and suspected serial killer who was the prime suspect in the murders of six women in San Jose, California from September to October 1984. He committed suicide on October 14, 1984, after he was arrested for a botched kidnapping. Biography Little is known of Cota's background. He was born on June 20, 1946, and in the mid-1960s, he was drafted into the Army. After completing his training, he was sent to fight in the Vietnam War, where he saw active combat and was promoted to sergeant. After demobilization, Cota returned to the US, where he soon married a woman with whom he had several children. In the early 1970s, he began to exhibit an increased sex drive and began to sexually harass girls and women. While he lived in El Paso, Texas with his family, Cota attacked a nurse in 1975, binding, bathing and then raping her. A few days later, he sent the victim a note that said: "Sorry for the argument we had. Still loving you." While he was suspected of several other rapes in the area, he would later be convicted of this crime and sentenced to 20 years imprisonment, as a result of which his wife divorced him. During his imprisonment, Cota went through several rehabilitation programs and earned a reputation as an exemplary inmate, thanks to which he was paroled on September 29, 1983. Shortly after, he left Texas and moved to La Paz, Mexico, where he met someone who informed him that there were many job opportunities in the Silicon Valley. Using this information, Cota moved to San Jose, California, found housing near the San Jose State University and a job as a computer programmer for Aydin Microwave Inc. While working there, he was described as acting in a strange and eccentric manner towards his female colleagues. He never registered as a sex offender, despite being legally required to do so. On the evening of October 14, 1984, Cota's white Chevrolet van was spotted by traffic police about fifteen miles north of San Jose, looping erratically on Highway 101 near San Carlos. After it stopped, the police officers, questioning the driver's sanity, demanded that Fernando show his papers and allow them to inspect the interior of the van. Cota ignored their demands, took out a .22 caliber revolver and started shouting "Kill me! Kill me! I'm very sick. If you don't kill me, I'll kill myself!", before shooting himself in the palate. He was driven to the Kaiser Foundation Hospital in Redwood City, where he succumbed to his injuries. While inspecting the inside of his van, the officers found a wooden box which contained the corpse of a young woman, whose hands were tied with a chain and rope. The deceased was identified as 21-year-old Kim Marie Dunham, an employee at the Orchard Supply Hardware store in Milpitas who had gone missing the day before. Left with only her underwear and stockings, she had been beaten and raped before Cota evidently strangled her. In addition to her body, officers also found a plastic trash bag containing blood-splattered clothes, a purse, boots and a cloth belt. Subsequently, due to the nature of the crime and these discoveries, the local police department started re-examining a slew of recent murder cases, in an effort to establish whether Cota was responsible for them. Investigation Following Cota's death, the police received a search warrant for his rented flat. In there, investigators found a small closet, 60 by 100 cms wide, where Cota had attached metal braces to the walls through which ropes and manacles were pulled. Supposedly, he kept his handcuffed victims in this closet and watched them suffer through a peephole drilled in the door. On the walls, inside the closet, detectives found many fingerprints, which were later sent for examination in order to identify other potential victims. Aside from this, the investigators found fake ID cards, a false police badge, numerous women's blouses, six pairs of women's shoes and advertisements for tenants, which Cota posted on the campus of the San Jose State University, inviting local students to rent a room in his apartment. During the investigation, six girls were included in the list of victims, all killed between September and October. They were all strangled, stabbed or beaten to death. Indirect evidence of Cota's involvement in these murders was a knife and a piece of a steel pipe found in his van, which could have been used as a murder weapon. The list of potential victims included the following: Tania Zack (21) – employee at the County Bank and Trust who went missing on August 27, when her car ran out of gas while travelling to work on Highway 17. Zack's body was later found in a ravine in the Santa Cruz Mountains, near Los Gatos, on September 15, her cause of death determined as a head injury. Kelly Ralston (21) – university student with a brown belt in karate. She was found stabbed to death in her rented apartment the day after Zack had disappeared. Gwendolyn Hoffman (56) – went missing from her home in Campbell on September 10. Her husband later found a note on behalf of the kidnapper which said to not call anyone and that they would contact them. However, that never occurred, and Hoffman's body was found the next day in the trunk of her car, which was parked a mile away from her house. She had been strangled with a wire, which was left beside her body. Lori Leigh Miller (19) – went missing on September 26, three days before her 20th birthday, last seen leaving her apartment near the university. Ten days later, her body was found near a road in the southeastern part of the city. Miller had been strangled. Teresa Linda Sunder (29) – reported missing on September 16, and found fourteen days later in an abandoned two-storey house in the center of San Jose; her cause of death was determined to be from a head injury. It was noted that Miller lived directly opposite Cota, and that Sunder's body was found not far from his apartment. Despite their best efforts, the investigators were unable to conclusively link Cota to these murders, but he has never been eliminated as a suspect in any of them. See also List of serial killers in the United States References 1946 births 1984 suicides 20th-century American criminals American kidnappers American male criminals American people convicted of rape Criminals from California Criminals from Texas Serial killers from California Suicides by firearm in California Suspected serial killers United States Army personnel of the Vietnam War
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21838051
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atl%C3%A9tico%20de%20la%20Sabana
Atlético de la Sabana
Atlético La Sabana was a Colombian football (soccer) team, based in Sincelejo, Colombia. The club was founded in late 2008 and plays in Categoría Primera B as of 2009. The club was formerly known as Córdoba F.C. based in Córdoba, Colombia but due to financial difficulties, the club relocated to Sincelejo and was rebranded. In 2011 due to financial problems, the team was sold to the Universidad Autónoma del Caribe and refounded as Universidad Autónoma F.C. Club history ???? - foundation as Itagui Florida SC. 2005 - renamed as Florida Soccer Club Medellin. 2006 - renamed as Corporacion Deportiva Córdoba Fútbol Club. 2009 - relocated to Sincelejo and renamed as Corporación Deportiva Atlético La Sabana. Source: Notable players Nelson Asprilla Hernán Burbano Diego Causado References External links Dimayor.com.co profile (archived 22 September 2010) Football clubs in Colombia Association football clubs established in 2008 2008 establishments in Colombia Categoría Primera B clubs
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25597760
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theme%20Aquarium
Theme Aquarium
is a simulation video game published by Electronic Arts Square, in which the player creates and controls a sea life aquarium. It was originally released on 17 December 1998 for PlayStation only in Japan. The game was later ported to Microsoft Windows under the name Aquarium and was released in Europe on 25 December 2000. Gameplay The gameplay is very similar to the other games in the Theme series, and the graphics are similar to Theme Hospital. In Theme Aquarium, the player begins with an expanse of empty floor space and the task is to construct a maritime attraction for visitors which must be filled with interesting and appropriate creatures at the same time as dealing with all the attendant challenges of running a profitable business. There are two ways of getting fish and other sea life, either by buying them off sellers or by catching them yourself. Dolphin shows can also be created and serve as the star attraction of the aquarium. Staff must be hired to maintain the aquarium and also to take proper care and attention to the animals. Development In a 1999 interview, Bullfrog Productions co-founder Les Edgar stated that Theme Aquarium was produced and tested in the United Kingdom, but implemented in Japan. His intention was to "cross barriers" between the United Kingdom and Japan, and produce a game suitable for both markets, as, due to the success of Theme Park and Populous in Japan, he thought Bullfrog were more successful than other companies in producing games that were successful there. He commented that it sold well in Japan, but would not in the United Kingdom, and that the idea of having the producers in the United Kingdom and the development team in Japan worked. In 2012, Bullfrog programmer Jonty Barnes asked fourteen ex-colleagues about the game, none of whom were familiar with it, with one describing it as "one of those obscure titles", although he also stated that it was known that it was intended for a Japan-only release on the PlayStation. Other versions Windows port The game was originally intended to only be released in Japan, but Electronic Arts later developed an English version of the game. This version was not to be on PlayStation, the game's original platform, but rather on Microsoft Windows. Not only was the English version on a different platform but it was also renamed. It was released simply as Aquarium on 15 December 2000 only in Europe. The "Theme" brand was dropped from the title as it was deemed that the game was not at a level of quality to be considered part of the Theme series or feature the Bullfrog branding, and was merely included as part of the PlayStation release to generate interest from the success of previous Theme games in Japan. A "Collector's Edition" version was released a year later on 5 October 2001. PlayStation Network release Theme Aquarium has been released as a PS one Classic in Japan, allowing it to be played on PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable. It was released on 24 September 2009 and was available to download from the PlayStation Network store. See also Zoo Tycoon: Marine Mania, a similar simulation game. References External links 1998 video games Amusement park simulation games Electronic Arts games Bullfrog Productions games Business simulation games Video games with oblique graphics PlayStation (console) games PlayStation Network games Tose (company) games Video games developed in Japan Video games developed in the United Kingdom Video games set in amusement parks Windows games
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41994853
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew%20Ryan%20%28politician%29
Matthew Ryan (politician)
Matthew Ryan (December 24, 1810 – June 12, 1888) was a Canadian politician. He served on the 1st Council of the Northwest Territories from 1876 to 1883, as Stipendiary Magistrate. Biography Ryan was born in Newfoundland in the 1810, of Irish lineage. He moved to Quebec and was educated in Montreal where he was trained to be a lawyer. Ryan was a member of the bar of Lower Canada, and practiced in Montreal. An "able writer", he also spent some time in journalism. He was a secretary to Sir Francis Hincks and also served in the government of Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine and Robert Baldwin as a clerk. Ryan came to the North West Territories in 1873 where he was to adjudicate claims of local First Nations tribes. During his time he was appointed to the North West Territories Council as Stipendiary Magistrate in 1876, and he served until his retirement in 1883. Though not officially a part of a party during his time on the council, he was affiliated with the Liberal Party of Canada. He died in 1888 at St. Boniface, Manitoba and was buried at the St. Boniface Cemetery. References 1810 births 1888 deaths 19th-century Canadian politicians Politicians from St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Newfoundland Colony people Anglophone Quebec people 19th-century Canadian lawyers 19th-century Canadian journalists Liberal Party of Canada politicians Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories Newfoundland and Labrador people of Irish descent Canadian people of Irish descent Canadian magistrates
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33571174
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisenta
Wisenta
Wisenta is a river of Thuringia and Saxony, Germany. It flows into the Saale near Eßbach. See also List of rivers of Thuringia List of rivers of Saxony Rivers of Thuringia Rivers of Saxony Rivers of Germany
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53683198
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proneeta%20Swargiary
Proneeta Swargiary
Proneeta Swargiary is an Indian dancer. She is the winner of the dance reality show DID Season 5. Originally from the Baksa Bodoland Territorial Region, in Assam, she became a resident of Delhi after her family moved. Personal life Proneeta Swargiary is an Indian dancer who was on the fifth season of Dance India Dance. She became the winner of Dance India Dance 5 with the team of Punit Pathak, named “Punit Ke Panthers” and came into limelight with her performance on “Hoto Pe Bas Tera Naam Hai”. The sole reason for her participating in Dance India Dance was her love for dance. She was also in India's Got Talent and She was also a competitor in Dance Champions, but was eliminated. References Living people Indian female dancers Kathak exponents Dancers from Assam Year of birth missing (living people)
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60859676
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy%20Next%20Door
Boy Next Door
(The) Boy(s) Next Door may refer to: Comics Boy's Next Door, a one-volume manga by Kaori Yuki Boys Next Door, a comic strip which appeared in the GLBT newspaper Just Out until 2003 Film, television and theater Peter Allen: Not the Boy Next Door, a 2015 Australian two part mini-series The Boy Next Door (film), a 2015 film by Rob Cohen The Boys Next Door (1985 film), a drama/adventure film starring Charlie Sheen The Boys Next Door (1996 film), an American television movie starring Nathan Lane in the Hallmark Hall of Fame The Boys Next Door (play), a play by Tom Griffin, basis for the 1996 film "The Boy Next Door" (Medium), an episode of the TV series Medium Literature The Boy Next Door (novel), a 2002 novel by Meg Cabot The Boy Next Door, a novel from the Fear Street books series by R. L. Stine. The Boy Next Door, a novel by Enid Blyton The Boy Next Door, a novel by Janet Quin-Harkin Music Artists and producers Boynextdoor, a South Korean boy group The Boy Next Door (DJ), Dutch DJ and record producer The Boys Next Door, an Australian band that became the Birthday Party Works "Boy Next Door" (song), a 2000 single from British R&B artist Jamelia Boy Next Door (album), a 2011 studio album by Alfaaz and Yo Yo Honey Singh The Boy Next Door (album), a 2003 album by Stacey Kent "The Boy Next Door" (song), a 1944 popular song by Hugh Martin and Ralph Blane "Not the Boy Next Door", a 1983 song by Peter Allen See also Girl Next Door (disambiguation)
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44239609
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abroscelis%20anchoralis
Abroscelis anchoralis
Abroscelis anchoralis is a species of tiger beetle in the genus Abroscelis. Larvae live on beach microhabitats. See also Abroscelis References Cicindelidae Beetles described in 1845 Beetles of Asia
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18054160
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yi%20County%2C%20Hebei
Yi County, Hebei
Yi County or Yixian () is a county in Hebei province of China, administratively under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Baoding. It has an area of . History This is the site where the assassin Jing Ke set off on his final journey to assassinate the King of Qin. Administrative divisions Towns: Yizhou (), Luangezhuang (), Xiling (), Peishan (), Tanghu (), Langyashan (), Lianggang (), Zijingguan () Townships: Qiaotou Township (), Baima Township (), Liujing Township (), Gaocun Township (), Gaomo Township (), Dalonghua Township (), Angezhuang Township (), Xishanbei Township (), Weidu Township (), Dule Township (), Qiyu Township (), Fugang Township (), Pocang Township (), Niugang Township (), Qiaojiahe Township (), Ganhejing Township (), Caijiayu Township (), Nanchengsi Township (), Lingyunce Hui and Manchu Ethnic Township () Climate See also Western Qing Tombs Xiadu References Geography of Baoding County-level divisions of Hebei
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35765019
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication%20Monographs
Communication Monographs
Communication Monographs is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on human communication. The journal is published by Taylor & Francis on behalf of the National Communication Association. Communication Monographs publishes original scholarship that contributes to the understanding of human communication. Articles in Communication Monographs should endeavor to ask questions about the diverse and complex issues that interest communication scholars. The journal especially welcomes questions that bridge boundaries traditionally separating scholars within the communication discipline and that address issues of clear theoretical, conceptual, methodological, and/or social importance. Diverse approaches to addressing and answering these questions, including theoretical argument, quantitative and qualitative empirical research, and rhetorical and textual analysis, as well as acknowledgement of the often tentative and partial nature of any answers, are welcomed. Approaches to answering questions should be clearly relevant to the questions asked, rigorous in terms of both argument and method, cognizant of alternative interpretations, and contextualized within the wider body of communication scholarship. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in External links Routledge academic journals English-language journals Academic journals established in 1934 Quarterly journals Communication journals Academic journals associated with learned and professional societies
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34062510
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Dundee%20F.C.%20seasons
List of Dundee F.C. seasons
Dundee Football Club, is an association football club based in Dundee, Scotland. The club was formed in 1893 from the amalgamation of two local clubs Our Boys FC and East End FC and played their first competitive match in August 1893 in a Scottish Division One fixture at West Craigie Park. By the end of their debut season, Dundee had moved to a new ground, Carolina Port, where they spent five seasons before moving to their current stadium Dens Park (also known as the Kilmac Stadium under a sponsorship) which has been their home for the past 112 years. The club has won a total of five major trophies, including the League Championship once, the Scottish Cup once and the Scottish League Cup three times. Dundee have also won the second tier of Scottish football five times and the Scottish Challenge Cup twice (including the inaugural tournament). The club has played in Europe on four occasions in four separate competitions: the European Cup, the UEFA Cup, the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and the UEFA Intertoto Cup. Dundee reached the semi-finals of both the European Cup, where they beaten by eventual winners A.C. Milan, and the Fairs Cup where they again lost out to the winners Leeds United. This list details the club's achievements in major competitions and the top scorers for each season where available. Top scorers in bold were also the top scorers in Dundee's division that season. Records of competitions such as the Forfarshire Cup and the Penman Cup are not included due to them being considered of less importance than the Scottish Cup, League Cup and Challenge Cup. Key P = Played W = Games won D = Games drawn L = Games lost F = Goals for A = Goals against Pts = Points Pos = Final position SD1/SDA = Scottish Division One/A SD2/SDB = Scottish Division Two/B SFD = Scottish First Division SPD = Scottish Premier Division SPL = Scottish Premier League SP = Scottish Premiership SC = Scottish Championship EC = European Cup IFC = Inter-Cities Fairs Cup UC = UEFA Cup UIC = UEFA Intertoto Cup PR = Preliminary Round QF = Quarter-finals R1 = Round 1 R2 = Round 2 R3 = Round 3 R4 = Round 4 R5 = Round 5 R6 = Round 6 SF = Semi-finals Seasons Footnotes a. The 1946–47 Scottish League Cup was the inaugural season of the competition. b. The 1990–91 Scottish Challenge Cup was the inaugural season of the competition. c. On 1 November 2010, Dundee went into administration as a result they were given a 25-point deduction as punishment. References Seasons Dundee Seasons
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71625748
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess%20Inikpi
Princess Inikpi
Princess Inikpi was the virgin princess of the Igala Kingdom, buried alive to save the kingdom from the doom of the Igala-Benin war in 1515-1516 during the rein of Ata Ayegba Oma-idoko. Her status is still standing at her burial spot at Ega market close to river Niger in Idah, Kogi State Nigeria. Many Igala have named their daughters after her. Inikpi was the protagonist in the 2020 film The Legend of Inikpi, directed by Frank Rajah Arase. Histories The Igala kingdom sovereignty, peace and existence was perpetually threatened by the then Benin kingdom. To avert the impending doom of war and grant the kingdom victory, Princess inikpi the only daughter of the King became the sacrificial lamb requested by the oracle. Princess Inikpi offers herself to be sacrificed despite resistance by the King Ayegba. References 16th-century Nigerian women Princesses Deaths by live burial
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32177973
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asoka%20Girihagama
Asoka Girihagama
Asoka Girihagama is the current Sri Lankan Ambassador to Canada. Prior to the appointment he was the Ambassador to Oman and a Director General for the Sri Lanka Overseas Service. External links http://www.tops.lk/article28535-seva-vanitha-unit-donates-rs-1-m.html http://www.sundaytimes.lk/110306/News/nws_21.html http://www.tamilwritersguild.com/itrolondon.htm Living people Sri Lankan Buddhists Alumni of the University of Jaffna Alumni of the University of Colombo Sinhalese people Sri Lankan civil servants 1958 births Ambassadors of Sri Lanka to Oman
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37650703
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy%20Winchester%20%28novel%29
Lucy Winchester (novel)
Lucy Winchester is a novel by Mennonite author Christmas Carol Kauffman. It is a semi-biographical adaptation of the life of Bessie Viola Lain, published in 1945 by Herald Press, a Mennonite publishing house. Writing Kauffman began collecting material for the novel through conversations with Bessie Lain, who was a member of the Mennonite Gospel Mission that Kauffman and her husband, Nelson E. Kauffman, founded in Hannibal, Missouri. The first 13 chapters of the novel were written while Kauffman was hospitalized in Hannibal after the birth of her fourth child, in September 1942. Lain insisted that Kauffman use pseudonyms for the novel's characters, except for two characters, Gussie Jenkins and Norvena Sellers, and Kauffman adapted her story of conversion into the semi-biographical novel, renaming Lain as "Lucy Winchester." Publication Lucy Winchester was first serialized in Herald Press' youth magazine, the Youth's Christian Companion. Although Kauffman had previously published more than 100 short stories in the magazine, Lucy Winchester was her first full-length novel. After strong reader response to the magazine's serial presentation, Kauffman was notified by A.J. Metzler, Clayton F. Yake, and Paul Erb that the novel had been accepted by the Mennonite Publication Board for release in 1945 by the Mennonite Publishing House in Scottdale, Pennsylvania. Since its initial publication, the novel has been re-released by Moody Publishers, in 1969 and 1974, and by Christian Light Publications, in 1992. The book is still for sale from Christian Light Publications. A manuscript and publishing records for the book are housed at the Mennonite Church USA Archives, in the personal papers of Christmas Carol Kauffman. References/Links 1945 American novels Novels first published in serial form English-language novels 1945 debut novels
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47267083
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace%27s%20Debut
Grace's Debut
Grace's Debut is a live album by the American psychedelic rock band Jefferson Airplane and released on Collector's Choice Records on October 11, 2010. The album features Grace Slick's first performance with the band after she replaced their former female-vocalist, Signe Toly Anderson. Arguably the turning point of Jefferson Airplane's career, the event leading to Slick's entry into the group was on the weekend of October 14–16, 1966, when the band played at the Filmore Auditorium on a triple bill, preceded by the Paul Butterfield Blues Band and followed by Big Mama Thornton for two shows a day. Anderson performed for the first two days, with the night concert on Saturday archived on the live album, Signe's Farewell. Track listing "The Other Side of This Life" – 6:33 "Let's Get Together" – 4:20 "Let Me In" – 3:40 "Don't Let Me Down" – 4:59 "Run Around" – 4:04 "It's No Secret" – 3:57 "Tobacco Road" – 5:26 "Kansas City" – 7:23 "Bringing Me Down" – 3:29 "And I Like It" – 6:12 "High Flyin' Bird" – 4:10 "Thing" – 10:01 "3/5 of a Mile in 10 Seconds" – 6:17 References 2010 live albums Jefferson Airplane live albums Collectors' Choice Music live albums
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35315053
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytelini
Polytelini
The Polytelini tribe belongs to the parrot family Psittaculidae and consists of three genera. Species Genus Alisterus Australian king parrot, Alisterus scapularis Moluccan king parrot, Alisterus amboinensis Papuan king parrot, Alisterus chloropterus Genus Aprosmictus Jonquil parrot, Aprosmictus jonquillaceus Red-winged parrot, Aprosmictus erythropterus Genus Polytelis Superb parrot, Polytelis swainsonii Regent parrot, Polytelis anthopeplus Princess parrot, Polytelis alexandrae References Psittaculinae Bird tribes
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1308395
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20%28publishing%29
Index (publishing)
An index (: usually indexes, more rarely indices; see below) is a list of words or phrases ('headings') and associated pointers ('locators') to where useful material relating to that heading can be found in a document or collection of documents. Examples are an index in the back matter of a book and an index that serves as a library catalog. An index differs from a word index, or concordance, in focusing on the subject of the text rather than the exact words in a text, and it differs from a table of contents because the index is ordered by subject, regardless of whether it is early or late in the book, while the listed items in a table of contents is placed in the same order as the book. In a traditional back-of-the-book index, the headings will include names of people, places, events, and concepts selected as being relevant and of interest to a possible reader of the book. The indexer performing the selection may be the author, the editor, or a professional indexer working as a third party. The pointers are typically page numbers, paragraph numbers or section numbers. In a library catalog the words are authors, titles, subject headings, etc., and the pointers are call numbers. Internet search engines (such as Google) and full-text searching help provide access to information but are not as selective as an index, as they provide non-relevant links, and may miss relevant information if it is not phrased in exactly the way they expect. Perhaps the most advanced investigation of problems related to book indexes is made in the development of topic maps, which started as a way of representing the knowledge structures inherent in traditional back-of-the-book indexes. The concept embodied by book indexes lent its name to database indexes, which similarly provide an abridged way to look up information in a larger collection, albeit one for computer use rather than human use. Earliest examples in English In the English language, indexes have been referred to as early as 1593, as can be seen from lines in Christopher Marlowe's Hero and Leander of that year: Therefore, even as an index to a book So to his mind was young Leander's look. A similar reference to indexes is in Shakespeare's lines from Troilus and Cressida (I.3.344), written nine years later: And in such indexes, although small pricks To their subsequent volumes, there is seen The baby figure of the giant mass Of things to come at large. But according to G. Norman Knight, "at that period, as often as not, by an 'index to a book' was meant what we should now call a table of contents." Until about the end of the nineteenth century, books, fiction as well as non-fiction, sometimes had very detailed chapter titles, which could be several sentences long. Among the first indexes – in the modern sense – to a book in the English language was Leonard Mascall's "A booke of the arte and maner how to plant and graffe all sortes of trees" printed in 1575. Another was one in Plutarch's Parallel Lives, in Sir Thomas North's 1595 translation. A section entitled "An Alphabetical Table of the most material contents of the whole book" may be found in Henry Scobell's Acts and Ordinances of Parliament of 1658. This section comes after "An index of the general titles comprised in the ensuing Table". Both of these indexes predate the index to Alexander Cruden's Concordance (1737), which is erroneously held to be the earliest index found in an English book. Etymology and plural The word is derived from Latin, in which index means "one who points out", an "indication", or a "forefinger". In Latin, the plural form of the word is indices. In English, the plural "indices" is commonly used in mathematical and computing contexts, and sometimes in bibliographical contexts – for example, in the 17-volume Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia (1999–2002). However, this form is now seen as an archaism by many writers and commentators, who prefer the anglicised plural "indexes". "Indexes" is widely used in the publishing industry; in the International Standard ISO 999, Information and documentation – Guidelines for the content, organization and presentation of indexes; and is preferred by the Oxford Style Manual. The Chicago Manual of Style allows both forms. G. Norman Knight quotes Shakespeare's lines from Troilus and Cressida (I.3.344) – "And in such indexes ..." – and comments: "But the real importance of this passage is that it establishes for all time the correct literary plural; we can leave the Latin form "indices" to the mathematicians (and similarly "appendices" to the anatomists)." Indexing process Conventional indexing The indexer reads through the text, identifying indexable concepts (those for which the text provides useful information and which will be of relevance for the text's readership). The indexer creates index headings to represent those concepts, which are phrased such that they can be found when in alphabetical order (so, for example, one would write 'indexing process' rather than 'how to create an index'). These headings and their associated locators (indicators to position in the text) are entered into specialist indexing software which handles the formatting of the index and facilitates the editing phase. The index is then edited to impose consistency throughout the index. Indexers must analyze the text to enable presentation of concepts and ideas in the index that may not be named within the text. The index is intended to help the reader, researcher, or information professional, rather than the author, find information, so the professional indexer must act as a liaison between the text and its ultimate user. In the United States, according to tradition, the index for a non-fiction book is the responsibility of the author, but most authors don't actually do it. Most indexing is done by freelancers hired by authors, publishers or an independent business which manages the production of a book, publishers or book packagers. Some publishers and database companies employ indexers. Before indexing software existed, indexes were created using slips of paper or, later, index cards. After hundreds of such slips or cards were filled out (as the indexer worked through the pages of the book proofs), they could then be shuffled by hand into alphabetical order, at which point they served as manuscript to be typeset into the printed index. Indexing software Software is available to aid the indexer in building a book index. There are several dedicated indexing software programs available to assist with the special sorting and copying needs involved in index preparation. Embedded indexing Embedded indexing involves including the index headings in the midst of the text itself, but surrounded by codes so that they are not normally displayed. A usable index is then generated automatically from the embedded text using the position of the embedded headings to determine the locators. Thus, when the pagination is changed the index can be regenerated with the new locators. LaTeX documents support embedded indexes primarily through the MakeIndex package. Several widely used XML DTDs, including DocBook and TEI, have elements that allow index creation directly in the XML files. Most word processing software, such as StarWriter/OpenOffice.org Writer, Microsoft Word, and WordPerfect, as well as some desktop publishing software (for example, FrameMaker and InDesign), as well as other tools (for example, MadCap Software's Flare), have some facility for embedded indexing as well. TExtract and IndexExploit support embedded indexing of Microsoft Word documents. An embedded index requires more time to create than a conventional static index; however, an embedded index can save time in the long run when the material is updated or repaginated. This is because, with a static index, if even a few pages change, the entire index must be revised or recreated while, with an embedded index, only the pages that changed need updating or indexing. Purpose Indexes are also designed to help the reader find information quickly and easily. A complete and truly useful index is not simply a list of the words and phrases used in a publication (which is properly called a concordance), but an organized map of its contents, including cross-references, grouping of like concepts, and other useful intellectual analysis. Sample back-of-the-book index excerpt: sage, 41–42. See also Herbs ← directing the reader to related terms Scarlet Sages. See Salvia coccinea ← redirecting the reader to term used in the text shade plants ← grouping term (may not appear in the text; may be generated by indexer) hosta, 93 ← subentries myrtle, 46 Solomon's sunflower, 47 ← regular entry In books, indexes are usually placed near the end (this is commonly known as "BoB" or back-of-book indexing). They complement the table of contents by enabling access to information by specific subject, whereas contents listings enable access through broad divisions of the text arranged in the order they occur. It has been remarked that, while "[a]t first glance the driest part of the book, on closer inspection the index may provide both interest and amusement from time to time." Index quality Some principles of good indexing include: Ensuring each topic/section includes a variety of relevant index entries; use two or three entries per topic Understanding the audience and understand what kind of index entries they're likely to look for Use the same form throughout (singular vs. plural, capitalisation, etc.), using standard indexing conventions Indexing pitfalls: Significant topics with no index entries at all Indexing 'mere mentions': "But John Major was no Winston Churchill..." indexed under 'Churchill, Winston' Circular cross-references: 'Felidae. See Cats'; 'Cats. See Felidae' References to discussions of a single topic scattered among several main headings: 'Cats, 50–62'; 'Felidae, 175–183' Inconsistently indexing similar topics Confusing similar names: Henry V of England, Henri V of France Incorrect alphabetization: 'α-Linolenic acid' under 'A' instead of 'L' Inappropriate inversions: 'processors, word' for 'word processors' Inappropriate subheadings: 'processors: food, 213–6; word, 33–7' Computer indexing from section headings: e.g. 'Getting to know your printer' under 'G' Indexer roles Some indexers specialize in specific formats, such as scholarly books, microforms, web indexing (the application of a back-of-book-style index to a website or intranet), search engine indexing, database indexing (the application of a pre-defined controlled vocabulary such as MeSH to articles for inclusion in a database), and periodical indexing (indexing of newspapers, journals, magazines). Some indexers with expertise in controlled vocabularies also work as taxonomists and ontologists. Some indexers specialize in particular subject areas, such as anthropology, business, computers, economics, education, government documents, history, law, mathematics, medicine, psychology, and technology. An indexer can be found for any subject. References in popular culture In "The Library of Babel", a short story by Jorge Luis Borges, there is an index of indexes that catalogues all of the books in the library, which contains all possible books. Kurt Vonnegut's novel Cat's Cradle includes a character who is a professional indexer and believes that "indexing [is] a thing that only the most amateurish author [undertakes] to do for his own book." She claims to be able to read an author's character through the index he created for his own history text, and warns the narrator, an author, "Never index your own book." Vladimir Nabokov's novel Pale Fire includes a parody of an index, reflecting the insanity of the narrator. Mark Danielewski's novel House of Leaves contains an exhaustive 41 page index of words in the novel, including even large listings for inconsequential words such as the, and, and in. J. G. Ballard's "The Index" is a short story told through the form of an index to an "unpublished and perhaps suppressed" autobiography. Standards ISO 999:1996 Guidelines for the Content, Organization, and Presentation of Indexes (this is also the national standard in the UK, Australia, and New Zealand) Societies The American Society for Indexing, Inc. (ASI) is a national association founded in 1968 to promote excellence in indexing and increase awareness of the value of well-designed indexes. ASI serves indexers, librarians, abstractors, editors, publishers, database producers, data searchers, product developers, technical writers, academic professionals, researchers and readers, and others concerned with indexing. It is the only professional organization in the United States devoted solely to the advancement of indexing, abstracting and related methods of information retrieval. Other similar societies include: Association of Southern African Indexers and Bibliographers (ASAIB) Australian and New Zealand Society of Indexers British Record Society China Society of Indexers German Network of Indexers/Deutsches Netzwerk der Indexer (DNI) Indexing Society of Canada/Société canadienne d'indexation (ISC/SCI) Nederlands Indexers Netwerk (NIN) Society of Indexers See also Concordance (publishing) Indexing and abstracting service Index, A History of the Subject (documents) Subject indexing Table of contents Web indexing Codex References Further reading Booth, Pat (2001) Indexing: The Manual of Good Practice (K. G. Saur), Borko, Harold & Bernier, Charles L. (1978) Indexing Concepts and Methods, Browne, Glenda and Jermey, Jon (2007), The Indexing Companion (Cambridge University Press), Diodato, V. (1994). User preferences for features in back of book indexes. Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 45(7), 529–536. Diodato, V. & Gandt, G. (1991). Back of book indexes and the characteristics of author and nonauthor indexing: Report of an exploratory study. Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 42(5), 341–350. Enser, P. G. B. (1985). Automatic classification of book material represented by back-of-the-book index. Journal of Documentation. 41(3), 135–155. Fugmann, R. (2006). Das Buchregister Methodische Grundlagen und praktische Anwendung. Frankfurt am Main : DGI. (DGI Schrift; Informationswissenschaft – 10). Grosch, A. N. (1986). Index-aid: Computer assisted back-of-the-book indexing. Electronic Library. 4(5), 278–280. Hornyak, B. (2002). Indexing Specialties: Psychology. Medford, NJ : Information Today, Inc. Kendrick, P. & Zafran, E. L. (Eds.). (2001). Indexing Specialties: Law. Medford, NJ : Information Today, Inc. Mulvany, Nancy (2005) Indexing Books, 2nd ed. (University of Chicago Press) School of Library, archival and information studies, The University of British Columbia. Indexing resources on the WWW. Back-of-the-Book indexing. Hentet fra: https://web.archive.org/web/20140805233922/http://www.slais.ubc.ca/resources/indexing/backof2.htm Schütze, H. (1998). The Hypertext Concordance: A Better Back-of-the-Book Index. I: Proceedings of Computerm ´98 (Montreal, Canada, 1998). D. Bourigault, C. Jacquemin, and M.-C. L´Homme, Eds., pp. 101–104. Smith, Sherry & Kells, Kari (2005) Inside Indexing: the Decision-Making Process (Northwest Indexing Press), Stauber, Do Mi (2004) Facing the Text: Content and Structure in Book Indexing (Cedar Row Press) Towery, M. (Ed.). (1998). Indexing Specialties: History. Medford, NJ : Information Today, Inc. Wellisch, Hans (1995) Indexing from A to Z, 2nd ed. (H. W. Wilson) Wellisch, Hans, H. (1986). "The Oldest Printed Indexes." The Indexer vol 15 no 2 October., pp. 1–10. Witty, F. J. (1965). Early indexing techniques. Library Quarterly 35, 141–148. Witty, F. J. (1973). Beginnings of indexing and abstracting: some notes towards a history of indexing and abstracting in antiquity and the Middle Ages. The Indexer : Journal of the Society of Indexers., 8, 193–198. Wu, Z. etc. (2013). Can Back-of-the-Book Indexes be Automatically Created? In Proceedings of CIKM 2013. San Francisco, CA, USA. Wyman, L. P. (Ed.). (1999). Indexing Specialities: Medicine. Medford, NJ : Information Today, Inc. External links The Indexer (the international journal) Consideration in Indexing Online Documents Usability studies for indexes Reflections on Authorship and Indexing "The Definite Article: Acknowledging 'The' in Index Entries ", Glenda Browne, The Indexer, vol. 22, no. 3 April 2001, pp. 119–22. The role of indexing in technical communication Indexing FAQ/Intro Author-Created Indexes Should Authors Index Their Own Books? Book publishing Book terminology Book design Information science Publishing
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60720386
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Benson%20Warren
Richard Benson Warren
Richard Benson Warren (1784-1848) was an Irish barrister and Law Officer who held the position of Serjeant-at-law (Ireland). He was born at Warrens Court, near Macroom, County Cork, the seventh son of Sir Robert Warren, 1st Baronet, and the eldest by his father's second marriage to Elizabeth Lawton. The Warrens had been prominent landowners in Cork since about 1700, and had acquired the lands of the Crooke family (who founded the town of Baltimore, County Cork) by his grandfather's marriage to Anne Crooke. Warrens Court was burnt to the ground in 1921 during the Irish War of Independence. He entered Trinity College Dublin in 1800. He was called to the Irish Bar in 1806, and became King's Counsel in 1824. He became a Bencher of the King's Inns in 1839. He was appointed Third Serjeant in 1841, and Second Serjeant in 1842, holding the latter office until his death in 1848. He married Elizabeth Pendleton, daughter of Philip Pendelton of Mooretown, County Meath, and had seven children. Of their sons Robert, like his father, was a barrister, while Augustus was a distinguished soldier who rose to the rank of Major General. Their daughter Martha married James Stewart, a land agent, and was the mother of Robert Warren Stewart, a well-known missionary who was murdered in China, and of George Francis Stewart, Governor of the Bank of Ireland. Robert Warren, judge of the Irish Probate Court 1868–1897, was his nephew, the son of his brother Captain Henry Warren. References Mosley, Charles, ed. Burke's Peerage 107th Edition Delaware 2003 Vol. 3 Hart, A. R. History of the King's Serjeants at law in Ireland Four Courts Press Dublin 2000 Notes Serjeants-at-law (Ireland) Lawyers from County Cork Younger sons of baronets 1784 births 1848 deaths Irish Queen's Counsel 18th-century Irish lawyers People from Macroom
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4538479
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroga%20railway%20station
Kostroga railway station
Kostroga is a non-operational PKP railway station in Kostroga (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland. Lines crossing the station References Railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship Disused railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship Bytów County
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13778447
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital%20punishment%20in%20Bosnia%20and%20Herzegovina
Capital punishment in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Capital punishment in Bosnia and Herzegovina is prohibited. It was abolished de facto for all crimes in November 1998 in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (last execution though to be carried there out in 1977 for murder) and on in the Republika Srpska. However, it was only on that the capital punishment was completely erased from the Constitution of Republic of Srpska, one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's two entities. While it was still in place, it was endorsed under the Article 11 of the Constitution of the Republic of Srpska. Bosnia and Herzegovina is party to abolitionist international instruments, including the Council of Europe Protocol no.6 and Protocol no.13. Executions since 1959 Source: SPSK Database References https://web.archive.org/web/20050324105012/http://www.geocities.com/richard.clark32%40btinternet.com/europe.html Law of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia Death in Bosnia and Herzegovina Human rights abuses in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1998 disestablishments in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1975 disestablishments in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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136597
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindale%2C%20Texas
Lindale, Texas
Lindale () is a city in Smith County, Texas, United States. Located in East Texas, the population is currently around 6,711 in the 2023 census. It is part of the Tyler, Texas, metropolitan statistical area. History The area of Smith County where Lindale sits was inhabited long before the town was founded in 1871. In the early 19th century, the Caddo Indians were the area's primary inhabitants; their artifacts can still be found along streams in the area. The area also was home to Cherokee Indians, who were forced out when the Republic of Texas was founded in 1836. After the Civil War, Richard B. Hubbard, a former officer in the Confederate Army and owner of a large plantation on what is today a gated community called Hideaway Lake, began searching for a more convenient way to ship the produce grown on his land. Hubbard convinced railroad officials to lay track between nearby Tyler and Mineola. Hubbard's brother-in-law, Elijah Lindsey, anticipating growth around the new railroad, opened the fledgling community's first general store in 1871, and Lindale had its start; Lindsey was elected the town's first mayor a year later. In 1996, Lindale's school board banned 32 books from its schools, including To Kill a Mockingbird, because they "conflicted with the values of the community." According to school board president John Offutt, a Baptist minister, the board's action was an attempt to make students adhere to Christian beliefs. Geography Lindale is located at (32.507145, −95.408293). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 4.0 square miles (10.4 km), of which 4.0 square miles (10.4 km) is land and 0.04 square mile (0.1 km) (0.50%) is water. Demographics As of the 2020 United States census, there were 6,059 people, 2,169 households, and 1,688 families residing in the city. As of the census of 2000, there were 2,954 people, 1,102 households, and 794 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 1,186 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 88.19% White, 6.91% African American, 0.54% Native American, 0.71% Asian, 2.17% from other races, and 1.49% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.47% of the population. There were 1,102 households, out of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.9% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.9% were non-families. 24.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.06. In the city the population was spread out, with 26.9% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.5 males. The median income for a household in the city was $33,733, and the median income for a family was $38,787. Males had a median income of $31,538 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,825. About 9.6% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.1% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over. Notable people Paul Baloche, Christian singer-songwriter Kelli Finglass, Director of the Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders Dallas Holm, Christian singer-songwriter originally from St. Paul Park, Minnesota Miranda Lambert, Grammy Award-winning country music singer-songwriter Pat Mahomes, MLB pitcher from 1992 to 2003, father of Kansas City Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes Leonard Ravenhill, British evangelist and author, lived in Lindale in the 80s and ran Last Days Ministries References External links City of Lindale Lindale Area Chamber of Commerce Cities in Texas Cities in Smith County, Texas
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74541837
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324%20Cornell%20Big%20Red%20men%27s%20ice%20hockey%20season
2023–24 Cornell Big Red men's ice hockey season
The 2023–24 Cornell Big Red Men's ice hockey season is the 107th season of play for the program and 62nd in ECAC Hockey. The Big Red represent Cornell University in the 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season, are coached by Mike Schafer in his 28th season, and played their home games at Lynah Rink. Season Departures Recruiting Roster As of July 10, 2023. Standings Schedule and results |- !colspan=12 style=";" | Exhibition |- !colspan=12 style=";" | Regular Season |- !colspan=12 style=";" | Scoring statistics Rankings References 2023-24 2023–24 ECAC Hockey men's season 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey by team 2024 in sports in New York (state) 2023 in sports in New York (state)
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50694385
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blake%20Dietrick
Blake Dietrick
Blake Julia Dietrick (born July 19, 1993) is an American professional basketball player who is currently playing for Lyon ASVEL in France. After signing a contract in August 2021 and becoming a team member for the Atlanta Dream during the 2021 season. She played previously for the Seattle Storm in the WNBA, and the Gernika KESB in Spain. She played college basketball at Princeton. High school and college Born in Wellesley, Massachusetts, Dietrick played basketball for Wellesley High School, where she scored a school record 1,440 career points, leading the team to an 84-9 record during that time. Dietrick was also a three-time All-American in lacrosse, earning first team US Lacrosse honors her sophomore through senior years. In her final season for Princeton, Dietrick was named Ivy League Player of the Year and chosen as an All-American honorable mention by the Associated Press and Women's Basketball Coaches Association. She also led the Ivy League in assists (4.9/game) while setting her school's single-season assists record (157). Princeton went 30–0 during regular season, won the conference outright, received a bid to the 2015 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament and advanced to the second round. Professional career In 2016, she was chosen as a free agent by the Seattle Storm and played in two games. She later signed a 7-day contract with the San Antonio Stars and played in one game. She then went on to play for a year for the Bendigo Spirit of Australia's WNBL. From 2017 to 2018, she was on the Greek AO Dafni Agioy Dimitriou team. In 2015, she had training camp stints with the Washington Mystics and Los Angeles Sparks but was later waived. In 2022-2023 she achieved the double with her club L'asvel where she finished champion of France LFB 2022-2023 and winner of the eurocup 2023. (as well as finalist of the French cup the same year) College statistics Source: References External links Princeton Tigers bio 1993 births Living people American women's basketball players Atlanta Dream players Basketball players from Massachusetts People from Wellesley, Massachusetts Point guards Princeton Tigers women's basketball players Princeton Tigers women's lacrosse players San Antonio Stars players Seattle Storm players Undrafted Women's National Basketball Association players Wellesley High School alumni Basketball players at the 2023 Pan American Games Medalists at the 2023 Pan American Games
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62558782
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%83ujani%20%28disambiguation%29
Găujani (disambiguation)
Găujani may refer to the following places in Romania: Găujani, a commune in Giurgiu County Găujani, a village in the commune Ungheni, Argeș County Găujani, a village in the commune Boișoara, Vâlcea County Găujani (river), a river in Vâlcea County
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38272622
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Swain
Charles Swain
Charles Swain may refer to: Charles Swain (athlete) (1885–1974), Australian athlete Charles Swain (poet) (1801–1874), English poet and engraver Charles L. Swain (1866–?), Democratic politician from Ohio, United States Charles Bunker Swain, member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1877
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34166737
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit%20Expressway%20Revenue%20Line
Transit Expressway Revenue Line
The Transit Expressway Revenue Line (TERL), commonly known as Skybus, was a proposed people mover rapid transit system developed by Westinghouse for the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania during the 1960s–1970s. In contrast to the traditional streetcars then in use, the technology used a dedicated elevated concrete track and rubber-tired driverless cars. A demonstrator was built and operated in the South Hills area but political opposition killed the deployment of a larger system. History Westinghouse, a Pittsburgh firm, developed the technology during the early 1960s in cooperation with the Port Authority of Allegheny County, a public entity which by 1964 controlled most mass transit in the Pittsburgh area. With support from the state of Pennsylvania and the federal government, Westinghouse and PAT built a demonstration track at the Allegheny County Fairgrounds in South Park. The cars, which could operate separately or be coupled together, were powered by a pair of motors and could travel at a maximum speed of . Each of the four cars was long and could seat 28. Power was provided a 565 volt three-phase AC underrail system. During the 1960s the Port Authority formulated its so-called "Early Action Program", the purpose of which was to establish a more robust rapid transit system in Pittsburgh. The program called for an Skybus line and two "busways" (bus rapid transit routes), plus rehabilitation of existing equipment. The Skybus route would originate South Hills Village and follow existing streetcar right-of-way through the Mt. Lebanon and Beechview neighborhoods before reaching Downtown Pittsburgh via the unused Wabash Tunnel. The entire project would cost $295 million; Skybus alone was $232 million. The WABCO alternative In July 1969 an alternative emerged to the Skybus plan. The Westinghouse Air Brake Company (WABCO) (an unrelated company founded by the same man, George Westinghouse, several years prior to Westinghouse Electric's founding) proposed a $114 million plan for a more conventional steel-wheeled light rail system. The system would originate in the South Hills area as the present streetcar system did and extend through downtown to the East Liberty neighborhood. Driverless operation would be an option, and the system would be fully grade-separated. Adopting Skybus WABCO's proposal notwithstanding, PAT voted to adopt the Skybus plan on July 10, 1969. PAT's decision provoked a storm of controversy, both for the decision itself and the manner in which it was taken. Throughout the decision-making process PAT held numerous closed-door meetings and was less than forthcoming about how it chose Skybus over the WABCO proposal. Pro–Rail Republican County Commissioner William Hunt stated that "PAT officials should be aware ... that they are a public company using taxpayers' money and these taxpayers have a right to know how the money's being spent." The Pittsburgh Press editorialized that PAT "pulled a monumental blunder the other night when it not only excluded the public from the meeting at which the WABCO proposal was made but actually tried to keep the details of the proposal from reaching the public." Among the most vehement critics of Skybus was then-City Councilman Peter F. Flaherty (a Democrat), who was a candidate for Mayor of Pittsburgh. Flaherty accused PAT of prejudging in favor of Skybus and rushing the decision to secure federal funding for the project. Flaherty urged additional, open, hearings to better evaluate the merits of the Skybus and WABCO proposals. In response, the Allegheny County Commission agreed to hold a series of public hearings into the competing plans. Both Flaherty and John K. Tabor, his Republican opponent for mayor, appeared at the hearings to express their views. Flaherty accused the PAT board of directors of having an "emotional commitment ... to the Skybus plan" and of collusion with business-industrial interests in the Pittsburgh area who favored the plan. Tabor split the difference, presenting a plan which included WABCO and a Skybus loop east of downtown. A continuing source of contention was WABCO's cost estimate, which PAT's consulting engineer said was at least $100 million too low. The viability of the unproven Skybus technology, in particular the switching system, remained a concern. In September the County Commission voted 2–1 to adopt the plan. The Commission stated that of the $228 million only $20–30 million would be paid by the county, with federal and state funds making up the balance. The end of Skybus The Commission's decision did nothing to end the controversy. Flaherty, now mayor, remained opposed and used his powers as mayor to frustrate the project. In 1971 he and the Port Authority came to blows over the Wabash Tunnel, which Skybus would use to reach the downtown area. The Pittsburgh City Council voted to convey land at the mouth of the tunnel to the Port Authority. Flaherty vetoed the decision. The council voted to do so again, overriding Flaherty's veto. Flaherty then refused to sign the necessary papers. The matter reached the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, which ruled against Flaherty in July 1972. PAT would spend a total of $9.2 million rebuilding the tunnel and then undoing the work after the system was canceled. In November 1971 the City Council had decided to table legislation funding Skybus. Construction stopped after Court of Common Pleas Judge Anne X. Alpern issued an injunction, ruling that PAT had failed to consider alternatives and that Westinghouse had "an illegal conflict of interest." In January 1973 the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania quashed the injunction on both procedural and factual grounds, holding that the suit was not timely and that Westinghouse's role was not improper. Opposition to the Skybus project continued, with Flaherty and Hunt demanding that the proposal be submitted to a referendum in the 1973 election. The projected cost of the Early Action Program, including Skybus, had risen from $228 million to nearly $400 million. Governor Milton Shapp offered a compromise proposal, costed at $300 million, which placed Skybus on hold and included six commuter rail lines (including the future PATrain). A major issue remained the disposition of two sources of money: state and federal. U.S. Secretary of Transportation John Volpe had announced a $60 million grant in September 1971, and more money would be advanced as the Skybus project developed. Shapp, as governor, controlled a disbursement of $38 million in state money. Flaherty argued that the funds could be used for any transit project and were not tied to the Skybus project itself. The position of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) became crucial: Skybus could not be built without federal support. The Port Authority, city, and state could not agree on an appropriate plan which would serve both the city of Pittsburgh and surrounding Allegheny County. The Port Authority remained committed to Skybus, as did a majority of the County Commission. Mayor Flaherty continued to favor a mix of traditional heavy and light rail, as did Governor Shapp. Ultimately in 1976 a cross-jurisdiction task force recommended light rail instead of Skybus, and the UMTA support was withdrawn. Once the Allegheny County Fair was done away with in the early 1970s, rides on the Skybus track ceased. In the Spring and Summer of 1980 the county had the track, cars and computer dismantled and bartered for scrap, with the computer building becoming a park police office. The Skybus tests proved that rubber tire driverless transit could function. Westinghouse Electric would later have a role in the development of the first major fully automated transit system in the country with Miami's Metromover. Westinghouse built the first 12 Adtranz C-100 buses used for the Metromover. Westinghouse would also participate in the development of similar driverless transit systems like the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system in California, and automated people movers at several major U.S. airports, including Tampa, Orlando, and Dallas-Ft. Worth. See also Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit References External links Rapid Transit Study from 1967 Pictures and Summary 1972 Pittsburgh Press article on Skybus' demise 10-minute Westinghouse promotional video on Skybus Proposed people mover systems People mover systems in the United States Port Authority of Allegheny County Transportation in Pittsburgh
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50012293
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016%20Philippine%20House%20of%20Representatives%20elections%20in%20Mimaropa
2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Mimaropa
Elections were held in Mimaropa for seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines on May 9, 2016. Summary Marinduque Regina Ongsiako Reyes was the congresswoman from June 30, 2013 - February 1, 2016. Reyes was disqualified by the Supreme Court due to issues with her citizenship. Lord Allan Jay Q. Velasco was sworn on February 1, 2016, becoming the incumbent representative. Occidental Mindoro Josephine Y. Ramirez-Sato is the incumbent. Oriental Mindoro Each of Oriental Mindoro's two legislative districts will elect each representative to the House of Representatives. The candidate with the highest number of votes wins the seat. 1st District Paulino Salvador C. Leachon is the incumbent. 2nd District Reynaldo V. Umali is the incumbent Palawan Each of Palawan's three legislative districts will elect each representative to the House of Representatives. The candidate with the highest number of votes wins the seat. 1st District Franz Josef George E. Alvarez is the incumbent. 2nd District Frederick F. Abueg is the incumbent and running unopposed 3rd District Douglas S. Hagedorn is the incumbent. Romblon Eleandro Jesus Madrona is the incumbent but ineligible for reelection. His party nominated his brother Emmanuel Madrona. References External links COMELEC - Official website of the Philippine Commission on Elections (COMELEC) NAMFREL - Official website of National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL) PPCRV - Official website of the Parish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting (PPCRV) 2016 Philippine general election Lower house elections in Mimaropa
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56242601
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock%20Siding%2C%20Queensland
Peacock Siding, Queensland
Peacock Siding is a rural locality in the Shire of Hinchinbrook, Queensland, Australia. In the , Peacock Siding had a population of 94 people. References Shire of Hinchinbrook Localities in Queensland
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6928746
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rikard%20Franz%C3%A9n
Rikard Franzén
Rikard Franzén (born March 21, 1968 in Huddinge, Sweden) is a retired professional ice hockey defenceman. Franzén spent most of his career with AIK Hockey as their top defenceman. Having originally played for the team from 1988 to 1997, he moved to Germany's Deutsche Eishockey Liga with the Kölner Haie, but after one season he returned to AIK. In 2001, Franzén moved to Switzerland's Nationalliga A with SC Bern where he spent two seasons. He then returned to the DEL, signing for the Hannover Scorpions. In 2004, Franzén returned to Sweden with Djurgårdens IF before retiring. Career statistics Regular season and playoffs International External links Swedish ice hockey defencemen Swedish expatriate ice hockey players in Germany Swedish expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland AIK IF players Kölner Haie players Hannover Scorpions players SC Bern players Djurgårdens IF Hockey players Living people 1968 births
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2343257
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Ponys%20%28band%29
The Ponys (band)
The Ponys were an American indie rock/garage rock band from Chicago, Illinois, United States, formed by singer/guitarist Jered Gummere, in early 2001. Gummere was concurrently in the punk band, Guilty Pleasures, at the time of The Ponys’ formation. He eventually left to devote himself entirely to The Ponys. Gummere recruited members of the band, his first choice being girlfriend Melissa Elias whom he met while she was attending Illinois State University in his hometown. Together they experimented with indie/post-punk styles. The two began to write songs, and were joined by ex-Mushuganas drummer, Nathan Jerde. The Ponys began touring the Chicago club circuit and would then record their first singles on Contaminated and Big Neck records. Concerned their sound was lacking, Gummere asked Ian Adams, a member of Happy Supply to join the band. After releasing a few more singles, the Ponys signed with In the Red Records (based in Los Angeles), due to widespread circulation. The band was set to record their first album, Laced with Romance, in Detroit with producer Jim Diamond. Laced with Romance Their initial release, Laced With Romance, met with moderate critical success . The album reached media from local indie-zines such as Horizontal Action, to mainstream-America music publications like Rolling Stone and Spin. The Ponys toured to support their album, with bands like The Unicorns, The Fall, and The Fiery Furnaces. Celebration Castle Despite some members wanting to leave due mostly to exhaustion, The Ponys continued and began to record their second album. Wanting to record locally they met with Chicago-based producer Steve Albini, who had previously worked with artists such as PJ Harvey, The Pixies, and Nirvana. The Ponys began recording in late 2004 and were finished in four days. The album held a much cleaner tone than the first, but still retained the recognizable live sound that they were known for. Later that year, Ian Adams left the band, tired of touring and was replaced by Brian Case of 90 Day Men. Celebration Castle was released in early 2005 and the band continued touring. Turn the Lights Out Since recording Celebration Castle, the Ponys have left In the Red Records and signed with the New York-based indie label Matador Records. They recorded their third album, titled Turn The Lights Out, in the fall of 2006. The album was released on March 20, 2007. In 2010, the band released their first new recording since Turn the Lights Out, the EP Deathbed Plus 4. Guitarist Brian Case currently plays in Disappears. Discography Studio albums Laced with Romance (In the Red, 2004) Celebration Castle (In the Red, 2005) Turn the Lights Out (Matador, 2007) Other Wicked City (Big Neck, 2002) Pop Culture (Maybe Chicago?/Criminal IQ, 2004) Another Wound (Sweet Nothing, 2005) Deathbed +4 (Matador, 2010) TV appearances Beautiful Noise Entourage, Season 4, Episode: Dream Team Band members Current Jered Gummere – guitar, vocals Melissa Elias – bass, vocals Brian Case – guitar Nathan Jerde – percussion Past Ian Adams – guitar References External links The Ponys on Myspace Garage rock groups from Illinois Indie rock musical groups from Illinois American garage punk groups Musical groups from Chicago 2001 establishments in Illinois Musical groups established in 2001 2010s disestablishments in Illinois Musical groups disestablished in the 2010s Matador Records artists
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37451004
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred%20Eefting
Fred Eefting
Alfred Frederik "Fred" Eefting (born 14 February 1959) is a retired Dutch swimmer. He competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in four events and finished sixth in the 100 m backstroke, fifth in the 200 m backstroke and seventh in the 4 × 100 m medley relay. Between 1977 and 1982 he won a national title in the 100 m backstroke (1979) and set several dozen national records in various backstroke, freestyle and medley disciplines. References 1959 births Living people Dutch male freestyle swimmers Dutch male backstroke swimmers Swimmers at the 1980 Summer Olympics Olympic swimmers for the Netherlands Sportspeople from Utrecht (city) 20th-century Dutch people
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64673282
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah%20Khalifa%20Segher
Abdullah Khalifa Segher
Abdullah Khalifa Segher (; born 6 April 1997) is a Saudi Arabian footballer who plays as a midfielder. Career Segher started his career at Al-Shabab and is a product of the Al-Shabab youth system. On 6 April 2018, he made his professional debut against Al-Taawoun in the Pro League. Career statistics References 1997 births Living people Saudi Arabian men's footballers Men's association football midfielders Al Shabab FC (Riyadh) players Al-Hejaz Club players Saudi Pro League players Saudi Second Division players Saudi Third Division players
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15702254
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Laurent-des-Bois%2C%20Eure
Saint-Laurent-des-Bois, Eure
Saint-Laurent-des-Bois () is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France. Population See also Communes of the Eure department References Communes of Eure
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70923521
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavel%20Rudakov
Pavel Rudakov
Pavel Rudakov (; 15 July 1915 – 16 January 1993) was a Soviet musician (concertina player) and film actor, the member of the estrada duet of Rudakov & Nechayev, which was popular in the 1950s. He was the Merited Artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1961). Early life Pavel Rudakov was born in Tula on 15 July 1915. He worked at the Tula Weapons Factory, then – at circus and at philharmonic hall. He fought in World War II. Duet Rudakov & Nechayev He met Veniamin Nechayev in Khabarovsk during their military service in the post-war years. After demobilization they worked in Far East Philharmonic Hall for about three years. In 1948, Rudakov and Nechayev formed a estrada duet and gave first concert in Leningrad. They accompanied themselves; lyrics for them were written by Konstantinov, Ratser, Grey, Merlin. Lyrics were written on topical issues (In newspaper at morning – in verse at evening) thus shaping the popularity of the duet which had become the one of the signs of the times of the Khrushchev Thaw. Even Nikita Khrushchev himself treated Rudakov and Nechayev with sympathy; artists were invited to important meetings on cultural issues. In 1962, the duet was dissolved. The duet was reunited one time specifically for filming in Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears – director invited them to participate in the movie, with a view to recreation the atmosphere of 1950s. Later years and death After 1962, Rudakov worked on solo career and was a mentor of new generation performers. He died on 16 January 1993 in Saint Petersburg. Filmography 1958 – Улица полна неожиданностей – drunk man in the police station 1959 – Не имей сто рублей... – Vasiliy Gulyaev 1968 – Удар! Еще удар! – football fan 1980 – Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears – cameo 1990 – Бумажные глаза Пришвина – Lev Shutov See also Veniamin Nechayev References External links 1915 births 1993 deaths Soviet musicians Soviet male film actors People from Tula, Russia Actors from Tula, Russia
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29427123
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wellman%20Valley
Wellman Valley
Wellman Valley () is a mainly ice-free valley lying just east of Midnight Plateau and north of Mount Ash in the Darwin Mountains. Explored by Victoria University of Wellington Antarctic Expedition (VUWAE), 1962–63, and named for H.W. Wellman, geologist of the Victoria University of Wellington, a participant in three Antarctic expeditions. Valleys of Oates Land
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26710042
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night%20of%20the%20Grizzlies
Night of the Grizzlies
Night of the Grizzlies (1969) is a book by Jack Olsen which details events surrounding the night of August 13, 1967, when two young women were separately attacked and killed in Glacier National Park, Montana, by grizzly bears. Both women, Julie Helgeson, 19, of Albert Lea, Minnesota, and Michele Koons, 19, of San Diego, California, died of their injuries. The attacks The night of August 12–13 was marked by lightning, which led some to speculate the bears were agitated by the stormy weather. Other experts thought the bears may have mistaken the sleeping bags for food containers. The first attack was reported around midnight at the Granite Park Chalet. Helgeson was camping with her boyfriend Roy Ducat approximately away from the Chalet; both Helgeson and Ducat were employed by the Glacier Park Lodge. Their campsite was close to the trail established by bears feeding on the Chalet's garbage. Ducat was awakened by Helgeson, who whispered a bear was nearby and they should stay as still as possible; despite this, the bear approached them and mauled them both. When the bear turned away from Ducat to Helgeson, he ran to a nearby group of campers for help; the bear dragged Helgeson into the woods as she screamed. Although she was eventually found alive from their original campsite, she later died of her wounds at the Chalet. The second attack was reported around 4 AM at Trout Lake; Koons had gone camping there with four friends, and all five worked at the Lake McDonald Lodge. That area was known to be the territory of a sow bear that fed on garbage at Kelly's Camp, a privately-owned facility that predated the establishment of the park, nearby at the north end of Lake McDonald; the bear was characterized as "not quite right" and had previously chased a group of Girl Scouts the week prior to the attacks. One camper awoke with the bear sniffing her sleeping bag, but remained still and the bear moved on; when the bear was investigating Koons, Koons woke and screamed; the other four campers were able to escape by climbing trees, but the zipper on Koons's sleeping bag was stuck and the bear dragged her approximately away from the campsite. The frightened campers stayed in the trees for more than two hours and ran to the nearest ranger station at dawn, where they reported the attack. On orders from park management, rangers were armed and told to shoot any bear they found at Trout Lake and Granite Park Chalet. In total, four bears were shot and killed by Monday, August 14; the first two, which had become habituated to rummage through the Granite Park Chalet trash, were killed on August 13. Two rangers shot a bear at a ranger station near Trout Lake on August 14; a postmortem examination of the stomach contents conclusively identified it as the bear that had killed Koons. The bear was emaciated and was also found to have glass in its gums. The last bear was killed at the Chalet; she was a sow with two cubs, and was blamed for Helgeson's death because of the presence of blood on her claws. During the shooting, one of the cubs was injured but escaped. Causes and legacy Several park rangers had previously filed a report after observing on August 9 that bears were feeding on garbage generated by the Granite Park Chalet and campers; this was possibly a deliberate attempt to attract tourists, as the main attraction at the Chalet were the grizzlies. Although a gas-fired incinerator had been installed in 1966, it was inadequately sized, and the caretaker resumed dumping garbage in the gully behind the Chalet shortly after opening for the summer season. The caretaker was instructed not to feed the bears, but he felt those instructions were only being stated pro forma and after checking with the concessionaire, kept the practice. Seasonal residents at Kelly's Camp had reported seeing an "emaciated and scrawny" grizzly bear, that was unusually aggressive, foraging for food among their garbage in June 1967; the bear had moved on to Trout Lake by August. The campground at Trout Lake "looked like a battlefield strewn with K rations", according to Olsen; rangers took nearly twenty bags of garbage out of the site by helicopter a few weeks later. One theory postulated the bears were attracted by odors associated with menstruation, and brochures were circulated to warn menstruating women from entering bear territory. No anecdotal evidence was provided to substantiate the theory, and a 1991 study demonstrated that "[n]o bear showed appreciable interest in menstrual odors regardless of the bear's age, sex, reproductive status, or the time of year." Olsen's book examines the most plausible explanation of the unlikely dual attacks since no fatal grizzly attack had ever been recorded in the park's 57-year history prior to that night. One specialist at the time calculated the odds were greater than 1 in a million for a single attack but the odds of two separate attacks in a 4 hour time span were beyond measure; these odds were calculated based on the 57-year history of no fatal attacks. However future events would show grizzly attacks to become more common, as Olson explains, because of increased human presence in wilderness areas and decreased habitat for bears to live in, reaching a critical tipping point in the summer of 1967. As a result of the attacks, the first modern bear management policies were implemented, installing bear-proof garbage cans, separating campsite cooking areas from sleeping areas, stringing wire cables to allow campers to hang their food, and establishing a permitting process to track and limit the number of campers in the park. The book's name has become the popular name for the maulings of August 13. A documentary of the events was first shown on PBS in May 2010. Publishing history The text was originally published in May 1969 as a three-part article for Sports Illustrated as "The Grizzly Bear Murder Case". A 37-page prologue was added for the book. Reception Kirkus Reviews called the book "the kind of horror story you can't put down." The narrative pacing and graphic descriptions were said to influence later genre fiction, including First Blood (David Morrell, 1970), The Rats (James Herbert, 1974), and Off Season (Jack Ketchum, 1980). See also List of fatal bear attacks in North America References Further reading Includes interviews with survivors Roy Ducat and Paul Dunn, narrated by J.K. Simmons (1 hr, 26 min) External links 1969 non-fiction books Deaths due to bear attacks August 1967 events in the United States 1967 in Montana Glacier National Park (U.S.)
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51113372
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1844%20in%20Russia
1844 in Russia
Events from the year 1844 in Russia Incumbents Monarch – Nicholas I Events Births Marija Mesjtjerskaja, courtier (d. 1868) Varvara Rudneva, physician (d. 1899) April 1 – Nikolai Skrydlov, admiral (d. 1918) Deaths Roksandra Skarlatovna Edling, courtier (d. 1786) Carl Eberhard von Trinius born in MDCCLXXVII in Elsleben,Saxony. References 1844 in Russia Years of the 19th century in the Russian Empire 1844 by country
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54001959
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir%20Thomas%20White%2C%202nd%20Baronet
Sir Thomas White, 2nd Baronet
Sir Thomas Woollaston White, 2nd Baronet, of Tuxford and Wallingwells (3 October 1801 – 7 August 1882), was 16 years old when he succeeded his father Sir Thomas White, 1st Baronet, in his titles and estates. Being a minor when he succeeded, he was cared for by two guardians, Sir Frederick Gustavus Fowke, Bt., of Lowesby Hall in the County of Leicestershire, and his cousin Henry Gally Knight of Langold. Gally Knight was a well-known archaeologist and the author of Ecclesiastical Architecture of Italy and Normandy, amongst others. White attended Rugby School in Warwickshire, before joining the 16th Lancers. Marriage and family On 4 March 1824, White married Georgina Ramsay, the youngest daughter of George Ramsay, Esq., of Barnton and Sauchie. She died on 2 December 1825, aged 18, and was buried in the White family vault at the Church of St Nicholas, Tuxford. White married, secondly, on 21 March 1827, Mary Euphemia Ramsay, daughter of William Ramsay, Esq., of Gogar. Mary was a cousin of Georgina's, their fathers being first cousins, both descending from the 4th Lord Belhaven and Stenton and their mothers being sisters. Children from White's first marriage Children from White's second marriage Army career Having served with the 16th Lancers after leaving school, the Regiment was due to depart for India on campaign. However, due to his age, his guardians refused to allow him to go with his regiment and arranged for a transfer to the 3rd Light Dragoons. When White was in the 3rd Light Dragoons, the Duke of York, who was at that time the commander-in-chief, came to inspect the regiment at Brighton, while it was on its Sunday church parade. Instead of, as is usual, walking behind the line of officers and inspecting the men, the Duke walked in front of the officers and stopped when opposite White. "Your name," he said, "is Sir Thomas Woollaston White?" He acknowledged that this was correct. "Your father raised, armed, and clothed a regiment of volunteers at his own expense?" White replied that this was the case and his Royal Highness answered, "A very noble deed, a very noble deed. Attend my levee, Sir." However, White did not attend the Duke's levee, and some time later his colonel received a letter from Sir Herbert Taylor, the Duke’s military secretary, ordering White's attendance. Upon his arrival, Taylor asked White why he had neglected His Royal Highness’ request, telling him he was wrong. He added, "Do you know that I am authorised by H.R.H. to offer you a lieutenancy without purchase?” White thanked him, but declined the offer, as there was no vacancy in his regiment, and he did not wish to leave it. The military secretary then said, "If at any future time I can be of service to you in any way, make your wishes known, and they shall be attended to." White retired from the 3rd Light Dragoons upon his first marriage, on half-pay. For many years, White was Lieutenant-Colonel of both the Nottinghamshire militia, the Sherwood Foresters, and also the Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry Cavalry. Chartist uprisings In 1838, after the annual 8 days of permanent drill at Newark, the Sherwood Rangers were ordered to Mansfield in preparation for the expected uprising of the Chartists. The Chartists at Sutton-in-Ashfield were to rise first, followed by other groups across the country. However, the Chartists found that the Yeomanry were far too strong for them and also wanted to annihilate the group; thus the uprisings quickly dissipated. The regiment stayed in Mansfield for 14 days on this occasion. White sent regular reports, using the information he had gathered about the movements and state of the Chartists, to the Home Secretary, Lord John Russell. A letter of thanks was received back from Lord John, saying the account of the intentions of the Chartists, etc., which White had given him, was the most correct in every particular of any that had been supplied to the Home Office. Newark election riots During the 1840 election in Newark, the Sherwood Rangers were again called out, with White at their head, having been asked for his advice as what to do by the magistrates of the town. He suggested sending for the troops, who were posted a short way from the borough. However, nobody could be found to pass the news to the troops, as they were all frightened of the rioters. White decided to volunteer himself and set-off on his mission. When he reached the bridge over the River Trent, he found a dozen or so rioters guarding it. They threatened to throw him over the parapet into the water, if he dared step onto the bridge. White was a powerful man of six feet in height. He looked round him, and called out in a loud voice, "I have no doubt you can throw me over, but I shall take care that at least one man goes over with me." The rioters were not expecting such a response and consequently were afraid to touch him; meaning he could cross the bridge and achieve his mission of calling out the troops. Military career High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire In 1833 White was chosen to be the High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire. In 1833, the full pomp and ceremony of the meeting of the assize judges was still enacted and he rode out with his javelin men, who were all his own people. They were dressed in the green and silver livery of his seat, Wallingwells, and the trumpeters had silk banners showing his achievement-of-arms of 28 quarterings. White rode a skewbold horse, which was caparisoned in the crimson velvet and gold trappings of the 1st Duke of Marlborough (the trappings came into the White family via his paternal grandmother, who was the daughter of the Duke's right-hand man, Major-General John Armstrong). Behind the javelin men and White came the judges in White's coach and four. It is said that on one occasion when White was waiting for a judge in his coach, two old farmers came up to it, peered in through the window and eventually uttered, "Nay, he is not half so good-looking as his father were when he was Sheriff!" Letwell Church In 1867, Letwell Church, which stood on White's Wallingwells Estate, burnt down. He rebuilt the church at his own cost, and it reopened on 12 August 1869. The west window was dedicated to his third cousin, former guardian, and neighbour at Langold, Henry Gally Knight. Gally Knight had left his Langold estate (3,209 acres) to White, upon his death in 1846. The three lights of the east window are memorials to White and his two wives. The font was carved by his youngest daughter, Lady Maitland, whilst the pulpit and reading desk of oak with cedar let in, were carved by another daughter, Mary. Carriage accident and death In June 1870, when he was 68 years old, White was driving through Worksop when his horses took fright and the carriage collided with another. He was thrown out of the carriage and sustained injuries so severe that he was not expected to live. His right leg was amputated above the knee as a result of the accident. Incredibly, largely due to his constitution and calmness of mind, he recovered and survived for another 12 years. White died on 7 August 1882 and was buried in the vault of the White chapel in the Church of St Nicholas, Tuxford. Succession to the baronetcy White was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son of the second marriage. He was also named Thomas Woollaston and was formally known as Sir Thomas Woollaston White, 3rd Baronet of Tuxford and Wallingwells. References 1801 births 1882 deaths Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry officers High Sheriffs of Nottinghamshire
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25014106
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuen-Ron%20Shen
Yuen-Ron Shen
Yuen-Ron Shen () is a Chinese physicist. He is a professor emeritus of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, known for his work on non-linear optics. He was born in Shanghai and graduated from National Taiwan University. He received his Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Harvard under physicist and Nobel Laureate Nicolaas Bloembergen in 1963, and joined the department of physics at Berkeley in 1964. In the early years, Shen was probably best known for his work on self-focusing and filament propagation of laser beams in materials. These fundamental studies enabled the creation of ultrafast supercontinuum light sources. In the 1970s and 1980s, he collaborated with Yuan T. Lee on the study of multiphoton dissociation of molecular clusters. The molecular-beam photofragmentation translational spectroscopy that they developed has clarified much of the initial confusion concerning the dynamics of infrared multiphoton dissociation processes. In the 1980s and 1990s, Shen developed various nonlinear optics methods for the study of material surfaces and interfaces. Among these techniques, second-harmonic generation and sum frequency generation spectroscopy are best known and now widely used by scientists from various fields. He has collaborated with Gabor Somorjai on the use of the technique of Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy to study catalyst surfaces. He is the author of the book The Principles of Nonlinear Optics. Shen belongs to the prolific J. J. Thomson academic lineage tree. Currently, Shen works in U. C. Berkeley and Fudan University in Shanghai. Awards and honors American Academy of Arts and Sciences, member 1990 National Academy of Sciences, member 1995 Academia Sinica (Taiwan), member 1990 Chinese Academy of Sciences, member 1996 American Physical Society, fellow Optical Society of America, fellow American Association for the Advancement of Science, fellow Sloan Research Fellowship, 1966–68 Guggenheim Fellow, 1972–73 Miller Professor, 1975, 1981 Alexander von Humboldt Award, 1984 C. H. Townes Award, Optical Society of America, 1986 Arthur L. Schawlow Prize in Laser Science, 1992 Max Planck Research Prize, 1996 Frank Isakson Prize for Optical Effects in Solids, 1998 International Science and Technology Cooperation Award, China 2008 DOE Award for Outstanding Scientific Accomplishments in Solid State Physics, 1983 DOE Award for Sustained Outstanding Research in Solid State Physics, 1987 DOE Award for Significant Implications for DOE-Related Technologies, 1997. References External links UC Berkeley Physics Dept. Faculty Page Shen Group website Living people Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science Foreign members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Academic staff of Fudan University Nanyang Model High School alumni Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences alumni Members of Academia Sinica Fellows of Optica (society) Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences National Taiwan University alumni Physicists from Shanghai Sloan Research Fellows University of California, Berkeley faculty Year of birth missing (living people) Fellows of the American Physical Society
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70522458
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Madin
Joseph Madin
Joseph Madin (July 1892-3 February 1967) was a socialist and trade unionist active in Sheffield who played a major role in founding the Sheffield Labour College. He also played a role as President of Sheffield Trades and Labour Council. Madin was a shop steward for the Amalgamated Society of Engineers at Hadfields Limited, a large scale Sheffield steel producer active in the armaments industry. He joined the Socialist Labour Party (SLP) in 1914. J. T. Murphy had become a prominent member of the SLP, active locally but also playing a significant role in the Communist Unity Group which emerged within the SLP the formation of a communist party. the Following the Foundation Congress of the Communist Party of Great Britain at the beginning of August 1920, the three Sheffield groups present decided to form the Sheffield Communist Party as the local branch. However Madin remained with the rump of the local SLP saying: "The bulk of these ex-members came in during the war period... The stress of the times and the then lack of facility for doing so prevented the inculcation of that knowledge of social science and Socialist principles which constitutes the basis of efficient, enduring and uncompromising efforts on behalf of the revolutionary movement." He became one of the lecturers for the Sheffield Labour College. References 1892 births 1967 deaths English engineers English socialists English trade unionists Socialist Labour Party (UK, 1903) members
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3261063
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor%20Jeleni%C4%87
Viktor Jelenić
Viktor Jelenić (; born 31 October 1970 in Belgrade, Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia) is a former Serbian water polo player. He was part of the gold medal winning team of Yugoslavia at the 1991 World Championship. He played on the bronze medal squad of FR Yugoslavia at the 2000 Summer Olympics and the silver medal squad of Serbia and Montenegro at the 2004 Summer Olympics. He spent 2005/06 season playing for Savona. See also List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men) List of world champions in men's water polo List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo References Serbian Olympic Committee External links 1970 births Living people Serbian male water polo players Serbia and Montenegro male water polo players Yugoslav male water polo players Water polo players at the 1996 Summer Olympics Water polo players at the 2000 Summer Olympics Water polo players at the 2004 Summer Olympics Expatriate water polo players Olympic water polo players for Serbia and Montenegro Olympic bronze medalists for Serbia and Montenegro Olympic silver medalists for Serbia and Montenegro Water polo players from Belgrade Olympic medalists in water polo Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics European champions for Serbia and Montenegro Serbia and Montenegro expatriate sportspeople in Italy Serbia and Montenegro expatriate sportspeople in Spain Serbian expatriate sportspeople in Italy European champions for Yugoslavia Serbian water polo coaches
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51268747
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund%20and%20Rachel%20Clark%20Homestead
Edmund and Rachel Clark Homestead
The Edmund and Rachel Clark Homestead is a historic farmstead in China, Maine. The property was developed beginning late in 18th century by one of the town's first settlers. It includes a house whose oldest portion dates to about 1789 and was never fitted with modern heat, plumbing, or electricity, and the archaeological remains of farm outbuildings. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. Description and history The Clark Homestead is located on the west side of China Lake, a Y-shaped body of water that extends north–south across much of the rural community. The main feature of the property is the surviving farmhouse, a single-story wood-frame structure. The house is set on a knoll above the lake, and is surrounded by overgrown vegetation. It was built in two parts: the main section is a four-bay Cape style structure facing west, to which a north-facing Cape was appended in the early 19th century. The main entrance features a Greek Revival surround, with sidelight windows and pilasters flanking the door, and a broad entablature above. The interior retains period woodwork, although the original large central chimney has been removed, and its space converted into a food storage area. The property on which the Clark Homestead stands was settled in 1774 by Edmund and Rachel Clark, Quakers who were among the early settlers of China along with other members of their family. Edmund Clark was prominent in community affairs, serving at times as tax collector, town constable, and selectman. The property was owned and farmed by generations of Clark descendants, with the house occupied until 2001. Its only modern amenity was a telephone. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Kennebec County, Maine References Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine Federal architecture in Maine Houses completed in 1789 Houses in Kennebec County, Maine China, Maine
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19959235
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi%20map%20turtle
Mississippi map turtle
The Mississippi map turtle (Graptemys pseudogeographica kohni) is a subspecies of land and water turtle belonging to the family Emydidae. G. p. kohni is endemic to the central United States. Etymology The Mississippi map turtle derives its common name not from the state of Mississippi, but rather from the Mississippi River. The specific name, kohni, is in honor of amateur naturalist Joseph Gustave Kohn (1837–1906) of New Orleans, Louisiana, who collected the type specimen. Geographic range Graptemys pseudogeographica kohni is found along the Mississippi River and its tributaries, from Illinois and Missouri southward. Description Their grey shells are covered in yellow lines resembling contour lines. Captivity The Mississippi map turtle is a popular pet for aquarists and is very enjoyable to watch. References Further reading Conant R (1975). A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Second Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. xviii + 429 pp. + 48 plates. (hardback), (paperback). (Graptemys kohni, pp. 56–57 + Plates 5, 8 + Map 19). Powell R, Conant R, Collins JT (2016). Peterson Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Fourth Edition. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. xiv + 494 pp., 47 Plates, 207 Figures. . (Graptemys pseudogeographica kohnii, pp. 208–209, Figure 93 + Plates 16, 21). Smith HM; Brodie ED Jr (1982). Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. (paperback). (Graptemys pseudogeographica kohni, pp. 50–51.) Graptemys Turtles of North America Reptiles of the United States Reptiles described in 1890 Taxa named by Georg Baur
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427155
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-breasted%20swallow
Red-breasted swallow
The red-breasted swallow (Cecropis semirufa), also known as the rufous-chested swallow, is a member of the family Hirundinidae, found in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is confined to the tropical rainforest during the wet season. Description The red-breasted swallow is similar to the mosque swallow but is slightly smaller and has longer tail streamers, both species having a blue crown and mantle contrasting with a rufous rump and underparts, In the red-breasted swallow the dark crown extends below the eye and there is no white on the underwing. The juvenile is similar to the red-rumped swallow but has blue on the side of the head rather than dull red. Distribution and movements The red-breasted swallow is found over most of Africa south of the Sahara from the Eastern Cape north to northern Namibia and southern Angola in the west and Mozambique in the east, with a disjunct range from Senegal south to northern Angola east to Uganda, southwestern Kenya and northwestern Tanzania. The red-breasted swallow is migratory in most of its range. In southern Africa it is a summer visitor, nesting between July and March with most of the population migrating to equatorial Africa, although a few remain all year. In some parts of its range, e.g. in southeastern Nigeria to Gabon, it appears to be resident, but it is mostly a rainy season breeding visitor across its northern range. Habitat The red-breasted swallow is a bird of dry open country. In more wooded areas it is replaced by the similar mosque swallow. It builds a closed mud nest with a tubular entrance in a cavity or under bridges and similar structures. It will use deserted buildings, tree holes or caves, and has benefited from the construction of railway bridges and similar structures. Biology The red-breasted swallow is generally a solitary species and pairs rarely breed in groups. Three eggs are a typical clutch. These birds feed on insects which are almost all caught in the air and the species rarely lands on the ground, rather perching on wires and twigs. The typical flight is slow and buoyant. Like the closely related red-rumped and mosque swallows, the nests of the red-breasted swallow are often usurped by the white-rumped swift. Subspecies There are two recognised subspecies. Cecropis semirufa gordoni is a smaller and slightly duller coloured subspecies found in the northern part of the species range. Cecropis semirufa semirufa is found in southern Africa. The birds breeding in east Africa are intermediate and have been named as a potential third subspecies Cecropis semirufa neumanni. References External links Red-breasted swallow - Species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds. red-breasted swallow Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa red-breasted swallow red-breasted swallow
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43278370
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoses%20pentasema
Archaeoses pentasema
Archaeoses pentasema is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland. References Cossidae
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51430572
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanango%20Court%20House
Nanango Court House
Nanango Court House is a heritage-listed courthouse at 30 Henry Street, Nanango, South Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Department of Public Works (Queensland) and built in 1937. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 January 1995. History Completed by late 1937, this single-storeyed timber building replaced a court house erected in 1912. The court house was designed in the office of the Department of Public Works; Andrew Baxter Leven was Chief Architect at the time. The pastoral stations of Taromeo, Nanango and Tarong in the South Burnett district of Queensland, were taken up by selectors during the 1840s. In 1847, a prospector named Jacob Goode set up his camp near a waterhole on Nanango station, and reputedly established an inn. Goode proceeded to build stockyards and open a general store, and a post office was opened at the small settlement in about 1850. Gold was discovered in the Nanango district during the 1860s, and although the gold mining activity never lived up to the high expectations of the miners, it succeeded in attracting people to the area. A school was established in 1866, and it is noted that the first sale of town lots took place in October 1870. Records indicate that the area was opened up for closer settlement from the mid 1870s, and by the mid 1880s, the residential and business areas of the town was established. By the late 1880s, directories described the main features of the area as sheep and cattle grazing; mining reefs and splendid timber. Tenders were called in 1862 for additions to the court house and lock-up at Nanango, and it is possible that it had been built during the late 1850s. Additions to the court house for a Lands Office were completed in 1889. By the early 1910s, there was antagonism between the towns of Kingaroy and Nanango as they vied for supremacy in the district. Nanango provided the headquarters of the official staff of Government Departments such as Justice and Lands which controlled extensive districts, and the town was given a boost in 1912, when the District Court of Nanango was established to serve the Petty Sessions Districts of Nanango, Weinholt and Kilkivan. With the anticipated expansion of official work to be carried out, plans were prepared and a new court house erected at Nanango in 1912. By 1936, a new court house was again required, and plans were prepared. Tenders were called for and in December 1936, approval was given to construct the new court house for . The new building was completed in August 1937, and included offices for the Dairy Inspector, Stock Inspector, Clerk of Petty Sessions and Land Ranger. The site of the building was east of the former building, fronting Henry Street. The former court house was sold for removal. Additions to the court house were undertaken during the mid 1960s, and included the provision of a tea room, storage facility and toilets. Description Nanango Court House is a symmetrically-planned timber building with a corrugated-iron roof and a wide verandah on three sides. The roof is low-pitched, with prominent gables and wide overhanging eaves. The verandah roofs are supported by grouped timber posts. The projecting entrance is distinguished by a small gable on paired timber posts. Behind it is a half-gabled roof. The main ridge of the roof is surmounted by a large ventilator, with a flagpole, which forms the dominant decorative element of the building. Heritage listing Nanango Court House was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 January 1995 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. Erected in 1937, the Nanango Court House survives as an important illustration of the pattern of Nanango's development as an official centre for the South Burnett district of Queensland. The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. Nanango Court House is a good example of a timber court house in a provincial centre. It reflects the high standard of Government buildings in Queensland, designed by the Department of Public Works during the early-mid 20th century. References Attribution External links Nanango Court House Discovery Queensland Buildings website Queensland Heritage Register South Burnett Region Courthouses in Queensland Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugen%20Bregant
Eugen Bregant
Eugen Bregant (29 January 1875 in Trieste, coastal land – 18 November 1936 in Graz, Styria) was major general, colonel of the infantry (alpini) regiment No.1 and an officer of the Austrian Armed Forces in the First Republic of Austria. His younger brother was the last Inspector of Cavalry of the Austrian army Camillo Bregant. Life Eugen Bregant appeared as one-year volunteer on 1 October 1893 in the Imperial Army at the Infantry Regiment No.97 in Trieste, and became assigned to the K.u.k. Landwehr Infantry Regiment "Klagenfurt" No. 4 (it belonged to the K.u.k.Gebirgsjäger and was called Mountain Rifle Regiment No. 1 from 11 April 1917). Because of a never completed study of law at the University of Graz, he interrupted his military service from 1894 to 1897 and 1901. Military special education Mounted infantry course in Trieste Light artillery und machine gun course in Bruck an der Leitha Corps Officers School in Graz (1910) Assault course in Villach (1917) Army gas course in Vienna (1917 und 1918) Information and Counter-espionage course in Brixen (1918) Service and decorations In World War I the battlefields of the K.u.k. Rifle Regiment No. 1 were in 1914 in Galicia in the first Battle of Lemberg, from 1915 until the war ended at the Battles of the Isonzo in the sector Carnic Alps from Tarvis to Predil Pass. Bregant Eugen 1915 was involved in several combat missions, including the Oregone pass, the storming of Monte Peralba and the Hohen Trieb. From 1916 until the war's end, he was commander of a machine-gun battalion (LIB No. 157), 1917 section commander of the height position Zollner, participating in several Battles of the Isonzo and then being used at various focal points of the front of Piave to Stelvio. On 4 November 1918 Bregant with the whole LIB No. 157 went along in Italian POWs Community as a result of a 36 hours too early announced armistice in Ponte di Ark in South Tyrol by the Austrian Army High Command (AOK), from which he was released on 4 August 1919. Highly decorated with the Knight Cross of the Order of Leopold and the Order of the Iron Crown of the Empire of Austria III. Class with wardecoration and swords, the Military Merit Cross III. Class. and a twice awarded Bronze Military Merit Medal at the red band all with war decoration and swords, various other awards as well as the Karl Troop Cross Bregant returned home from the war. The request for the award of the Military Order of Maria Theresa for the storming of the Monte Per Alba was not done because end of the war. Becoming major as No.11 in the rankings on 1 May 1918, he was adopted by the Austrian Army after 23 years of service in the imperial Army. From 1 May 1921 after he was promoted to lieutenant colonel, he was assigned as an officer to a wheeled battalion. From March 1922 officer for special use, he was assigned in 1923 to the Alpini Regiment No. 11 and 10. Promoted in August 1926 commander of the Alpini regiment No.1, he was appointed to major general in March 1927 and retired in 1928 because of his war injuries. Wounds upper arm bullet with nerve injury (1914) stone chips injury to his right forearm (1916) Literature Hubert Fankhauser: Freiwillige an Kärntens Grenzen. Die Regimentsgeschichte der K. K. Kärntner freiwilligen Schützen 1915 bis 1918. Vehling Verlag, . Österreichisches Staatsarchiv/Kriegsarchiv. Wien. Heinz von Lichem: Spielhahnstoß und Edelweiß. Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz 1977. Heinz von Lichem: Der Tiroler Hochgebirgskrieg 1915–1918. Steiger Verlag, Berwang (Tirol) 1985. Michael Wachtler und Günther Obwegs: Krieg in den Bergen - Dolomiten. Athesia Bozen 2003. von Lempruch: Ortlerkämpfe 1915 - 1918. Buchdienst Südtirol 2005. Herman Hinterstoisser, M. Christian Ortner, Erwin A. Schmidl Die k.k. Landwehr-Gebirgstruppen. Wien 2006, . References External links 1875 births 1936 deaths Military personnel from Trieste Austro-Hungarian Army officers Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I Recipients of the Medal for Bravery (Austria-Hungary) Austrian prisoners of war World War I prisoners of war held by Italy
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jetsunma%20Ahkon%20Lhamo
Jetsunma Ahkon Lhamo
Jetsunma Ahkon Lhamo (born October 12, 1949; born Alyce Louise Zeoli) is a tulku within the Palyul lineage of the Nyingma tradition of Tibetan Buddhism. She gained international attention when she, a western woman, was enthroned as a reincarnated lama. Since the mid-1980's she has served as spiritual director for Kunzang Odsal Palyul Changchub Choling, a Buddhist center in Poolesville, Maryland, which includes a large community of western monks and nuns. She also founded a center in Sedona, Arizona, U.S.A., and has small communities of students in California and Australia. Ahkon Lhamo has been described by her teachers, Tibetan lamas Penor Rinpoche, Gyatrul Rinpoche, as well as others such as Jigme Phuntsok, as a dakini or female wisdom being. Biography Early years Zeoli was born in Canarsie, Brooklyn on October 12, 1949, to an Austrian/Dutch Jewish mother and Italian father. She and her half-brothers and sisters were raised by her stepfather and mother, and alternately attended the Dutch Reform Church and the Catholic church. The family moved to Hialeah, Florida when she was 14. Her stepfather was an alcoholic and physically abusive towards the children, and Zeoli tried to run away at age 17. After high school, she married Jim Perry and gave birth to her first son, Ben. The marriage ended in divorce and she moved to a farm outside Asheville, North Carolina with Pat Mulloy. They married and she had another son, Christopher. Zeoli adopted her daughter, Atira, later in 1988. Based on a series of instructive dreams that started at age 19, Zeoli began a meditation practice, later identified as chod by Penor Rinpoche, culminating in a spiritual experience at age 30. She studied with a New Age teacher named Jim Gore and led classes at the Black Mountain Light Center in North Carolina. In 1980, she met Michael Burroughs, a graduate student in religions at the University of Virginia and separated from Malloy in 1981. Zeoli moved with Burroughs and her son Christopher to Kensington, Maryland. (Her son Ben remained with Malloy.) She married Burroughs in 1983 and changed her name to Catharine. Together they formed a non-sectarian organization The Center for Discovery and New Life beginning with former members from the Black Mountain Light Center. She gave channeled teachings, specifically a three-year cycle of teachings called the Santu Series Her group quickly expanded, with the students practicing the meditation techniques Zeoli herself practiced from her dreams, and taking vows of compassion that Zeoli composed. The group began a 24-hour prayer vigil in the basement of their Kensington home in April, 1985. Buddhism Meeting her root guru In 1984, Zeoli's students met a Tibetan man named Kunzang, Penor Rinpoche's main lay attendant, who was selling rugs to support Namdroling Monastery. The students sponsored seventy Namdroling monks. A few months later, on his first visit to the US Penor Rinpoche visited her center and stayed with the Burroughs. During that week, he interviewed Ahkon Lhamo's students, as well as Ahkon Lhamo herself, about what was being taught and what they were practicing. The students asked him what their missions were to help the world. He announced that Zeoli had been teaching Mahayana Buddhism without any formal instruction and attributed it to practice accomplished in previous lifetimes. Penor Rinpoche then gave Ahkon Lhamo's students the traditional refuge and bodhisattva vows, which constitute formal entry into Hinayana and Mahayana Buddhism, respectively. Thereafter Zeoli continued the channeled teachings, but they took on a more Buddhist flavor. The center hosted Khenpo Palden Sherab and Khenpo Tsewang Dongyal, Gyaltrul Rinpoche, and Chagdud Tulku as she and her students began traditional Buddhist preliminary practice, ngöndro. Beset by health problems, she made a trip in 1986 to Ashland, Oregon to visit Gyatrul Rinpoche, one of Penor Rinpoche's other hosts on his American tour the previous year. She formed a strong and immediate connection with Gyatrul Rinpoche, the incarnation of Palyul Monastery's founder, Rigdzin Kunzang Sherab (1636-1699). Gyatrul Rinpoche echoed the sentiment that the practices and teachings that Zeoli was giving were Buddhist and due to past lifetimes of practice, and encouraged her to visit Penor Rinpoche in India to investigate the matter further. Transmissions At the age of 37, Ahkon Lhamo began the sequence of Buddhist practices that most tulkus begin very young. She was given the Nam Cho Ngöndro by Gyaltrul Rinpoche in 1986, accumulating prostrations alongside her students. A year later, she was given the Three Roots from Penor Rinpoche at Namdroling monastery in India. She received the Rinchen Terzod from Penor Rinpoche, Nam Cho Tsa Lung from Gyaltrul Rinpoche, Nyingthik Yabshi and Ratna Lingpa from Yangthang Rinpoche, Jigmed Phuntsok's Gurkukma Vajrakilaya and other terma, the Yeshe Lama from Orgyen Kusum Lingpa, and the Nam Cho cycle of empowerments from Penor Rinpoche, which were hosted at Kunzang Palyul Choling from 1988 through 1996. She traveled to receive the Kama transmission at Tashi Choling in Ashland, Oregon, in 1988, and the Nam Cho a second time from Karma Kuchen in McDonough, New York, in 2018. Buddhist temple In 1985, her center formed a corporation and purchased an antebellum style mansion in Poolesville, Maryland where her temple was established, which Penor Rinpoche named Kunzang Palyul Choling. They also purchased numerous large crystals weighing hundreds of pounds and held a three-day retreat to instate the 24-hour prayer vigil at the new location. 24-hour Prayer vigil The 24-hour prayer vigil is the core of her teachings and the temple's activity. Participants maintain two-hour prayer shifts and the vigil is dedicated to the end of suffering. Ahkon Lhamo initiated the 24-hour Prayer Vigil for World Peace in her Kensington, Maryland home on April 18, 1985, beginning with practices she taught, and later continuing with traditional Buddhist practices in the Nyingma tradition. The vigil relocated later that year to the newly purchased World Prayer Center (now Kunzang Palyul Choling). In addition to the ongoing prayers for peace, members and individuals not associated with KPC request prayers be dedicated to loved ones, pets, the recently deceased, or those hit by natural disasters. Occasionally Ahkon Lhamo asks that the vigil be dedicated to specific situations. For example, the members dedicated eight months of prayer for Asia Claus, a three-year-old daughter of temple members who was suffering from her second bout of cancer. The effort concluded when doctors could find no trace of the cancer, sparking a round of media attention. The Maryland vigil continues unbroken to the present day. Stupas She had a 36' stupa built in 1988 which was consecrated by Penor Rinpoche during the Rinchen Terzod. Then eight small stupas representing the eight activities of the Buddha. encircling an 18' stupa were built in 1991 and consecrated by Khenchen Tsewang Gyatso. Penor Rinpoche gave Ahkon Lhamo a relic from Tulku Migyur Dorje to be housed in the Migyur Dorje Stupa, which was built and consecrated in 1996. In 1996, in addition to the temple, prayer vigil, teachings and stupas, Ahkon Lhamo's vision for Kunzang Palyul Choling included a place for pilgrimage with a hospice, school for children, a monastery and an institute for higher education in the Buddha's teachings. The school, called Pema Choling, ran from 1992 to 1997. Monastic community Like her predecessor, Ahkon Lhamo took lay vows, even as she built a monastic community for those who wished to take full ordination. In September, 1988, toward the end of Penor Rinpoche’s conferral of the Rinchen Terdzod, 25 of Ahkon Lhamo's students underwent the traditional ordination ceremony to become monks and nuns, creating a large monastic community. Though some have since left their ordination or died, others have joined, and by 2008 the number of KPC's ordained had grown to 40. Buddhist recognitions The Third Drubwang Padma Norbu ("Penor") Rinpoche, 11th Throneholder of Palyul Monastery, former Supreme Head of the Nyingma tradition, officially recognized Ahkon Lhamo in 1987 as the tulku of Genyenma Ahkon Lhamo during her visit to his Namdroling Monastery in Bylakuppe, Karnataka, India. The Buddha From Brooklyn asserts that the students determine what title they will use for their own teacher and that Zeoli's ex-husband, Michael Burroughs, selected the title 'Jetsunma' for her. This is a title rarely given to even the most revered Tibetan Buddhist women teachers. Genyenma Ahkon Lhamo The first Genyenma Ahkon Lhamo, a meditator recognized as a wisdom dakini was one of the main disciples of Namchö Mingyur Dorje (1645–67) and sister of Rigdzin Kunzang Sherab, Migyur Dorje's Dharma heir and the First Throneholder of Palyul Monastery (founded 1665).[8] She was credited as being instrumental to the founding of Palyul (now one of the Nyingma's six main or "mother" monasteries) and for leaving a relic that is important to Palyul. During the cremation of her body, her kapala (top half of the skull) is said to have flown three kilometers and come to rest at the foot of the teaching throne of her brother. Found to be miraculously embossed with the sacred syllable AH, the kapala became an important relic housed at Palyul monastery in Tibet. Penor Rinpoche gave the relic to Ahkon Lhamo in 1988. He recounted that as a young tulku in Tibet (he was recognized and brought to Palyul Monastery in 1936, at the age of four), inspired by seeing the skull relic, he made prayers to find Ahkon Lhamo's incarnation. Though most of the kapala relic was pulverized into dust during the Cultural Revolution, one Tibetan man managed to save a silver dollar-size piece on which the syllable "AH" appears. Penor Rinpoche acquired it from him on a return trip to Tibet in 1987. He had it preserved in a crystal lotus bowl and presented it to Ahkon Lhamo just prior to the occasion of her enthronement ceremony at Kunzang Palyul Choling (KPC) in 1988. The relic remains at KPC and is displayed on auspicious days. Mandarava emanation In 1994, Terton Orgyen Kusum Lingpa indicated in a long life prayer he composed that Ahkon Lhamo was an emanation of Lhacham Mandarava, the Indian princess of Zahor and one of the consorts of Padmasambhava, a tantric master who helped establish the Buddha's teaching in Tibet. In 1996, she traveled to India and visited many of the places where Mandarava was known to have practiced. Inspired by these events, several of Ahkon Lhamo's students sought out and found a copy of Mandarava's middle-length spiritual biography, revealed as a terma in the 17th century by Samten Lingpa, at the U.S. Library of Congress. They then sponsored an English translation of the text, published as The Lives and Liberation of Princess Mandarava in 1998. Expansion Arizona, Australia, and Mongolia In the late 90's Ahkon Lhamo moved to Arizona with a number of students to start a second center, where she resided for the next decade. There she built a 36' Amitabha stupa in a Peace Park, which is now a local attraction for Sedona, Arizona. In 1999, Kunzang Palyul Choling (KPC) began a second 24-hour prayer vigil which continued until August 31, 2008. During this period Ahkon Lhamo hosted various teachers and taught the Chime Sogtik teachings on long life. Students from across Australia hosted Palyul teachers and regularly visited her US centers. Growing out of a personal friendship with then Mongolian Ambassador Choinkhor and his wife, Ahkon Lhamo asked her students in 2004 to create the Mongolian Buddhism Revival Project (MBRP) to help with Mongolia's post-Communist revival of its Buddhist culture, especially the Nyingma lineage. Permanent staff was sent to Mongolia's capital, Ulaanbaatar, in early 2005. Classical Buddhist teachings From 1996–2001, Ahkon Lhamo hosted the Migyur Dorje Institute of Higher Buddhist Studies (MDI). Under this program, taught by Khenchen Tsewang Gyatso, students received complete commentary teachings on classic Buddhist texts by Shantideva, Chandrakirti, Asanga, Ngari Panchen, and Mipham Rinpoche. This curriculum was supplemented by annual 30-day retreats teaching the traditional Nyingmapa sequence of the inner tantra: Ngondro, Tsa Lung, Trekchod, and Togyal. With Penor Rinpoche’s development of a similar program at the Palyul Retreat Center in McDonough, NY, the MDI program has been discontinued. Music Ahkon Lhamo had already begun composing music in the 1990's with her CD "Invocation," a prayer to Guru Rinpoche, the founder of Buddhism in Tibet. In Sedona, she experimented and combined mantra, Tibetan instruments, and popular musical styles on her albums "Revolution of Compassion," "Delog," and "Trilogy" as a form of passive outreach. She sang with Tex Gabriel, former bass guitarist for John Lennon, on her album "Ellinwood Ranch Blues." Animal rescue When hurricane Katrina stranded thousands of animals in New Orleans in 2005, she adopted a large number of dogs herself and founded Tara's Babies, an animal rescue organization. The target group was dogs on death row, so Tara's Babies continued to rescue dogs from shelters, specializing in fearful and other dogs other shelters rejected. Not long after, she founded the Garuda Aviary, which rescues abused and neglected parrots and educates the public about exotic birds. Present day Maryland renovations Ahkon Lhamo returned to attend to the aging temple in Maryland. The structure was decades old, and by 2013 it needed repairs and renovations to be in compliance with Montgomery County's Building Use and Occupancy Code. The shrine room, separate from the main building, remained open and housed all teachings and activities, and the prayer vigil. The organization raised $1 million for the building of the new temple as of February 18, 2019. The first phase of the renovations was complete as of 2023, and the Maryland vigil continues unbroken to the present day. She continues to build new supports for practice. In 2020, she built a lotus pond surrounding a replica of the Statue of Liberty, and most recently, consulted with artisans in Nepal to create an outdoor 13' Guru Rinpoche (Nangsi Zilnon) statue and throne, saying, "Guru Rinpoche is the appearance in the world of every conceivable virtue, without any exception." The statue was consecrated in June 2022. Charitable works With the pandemic, to address rising food insecurity, Ahkon Lhamo's efforts turned to the practical production of food for local charities: she began a flock of 90 chickens and donated eggs, and with a six-month start-up grant from Montgomery County, started a 2,400 square foot demonstration and production food garden. The garden continues through the Maxine and James Cable Memorial Food Garden Initiative and has produced hundreds of pounds of fresh vegetables a year, which are delivered to local area food banks and shelters. Additionally, the garden has donated starter plants to other local area shelters and churches to start their own gardens, and hosted gardening education work days so people can learn to grow their own food. Publications and podcasts Jetsunma Ahkön Norbu Lhamo. Buddhism for Beginners podcast, Ahkön Norbu Lhamo. Jetsunma Ahkön Norbu Lhamo. The Practice of Generosity, publisher unknown, Ahkön Norbu Lhamo, 1991. Jetsunma Ahkön Norbu Lhamo. Stabilizing the Mind: A meditational technique to develop spaciousness in the mind. Palyul Press, 2005, Jetsunma Ahkön Norbu Lhamo. Vow of Love: Living an extraordinary life of compassion, Kunzang Odsal Palyul Changchub Choling, 2017. Jetsunma Ahkön Norbu Lhamo. Boundless Treasury of Blessings: A Collection of Prayers, Teachings and Poems. Kunzang Odsal Palyul Changchub Choling, 2018. Discography See also Ngagmo Vajrayogini Yidam Footnotes References Brace, Eric. "Limelight," Washington Post, Feb 23, 1992 Blythe, Will. "Bad Karma," Mirabella Magazine, 1998. Cohen, Andrew. "What's the Relationship Between Emptiness and Beautiful Nails?", What is Enlightenment Magazine, Fall/Winter 1990 Iyer, Pico. "The Price of Faith," Tricycle: The Buddhist Review, Summer 2000. MacKenzie, Vicki. Reborn in the West. Da Capo Press, 1996, Oldenburg, Dan. "The Unexpected Incarnation," The Washington Post, Sep 26, 1988 Sherrill, Martha. The Buddha from Brooklyn, Random House 2000, Sherrill, Martha. "The Buddha from Poolesville," Washington Post, Apr 16, 2000 Sherrill, Martha. "Tough Town, Sad Times. So Why Are These People Smiling?" The Washington Post, May 17, 1995 Sherrill, Martha. "Where the Lamas Let Their Hair Down Peace, Love & Squirting Cameras At a Joyful Buddhist Barbecue," Washington Post, Jun 5, 1995 Sherrill, Martha. "Women of the Year," Ms Magazine, January/February 1989 Vol. XVII Nos. 7 & 8. Zhu, Christine. "Buddhist temple in Poolesville unveils new statue," Bethesda Magazine, June 15, 2022. Further reading Coleman, James William. The New Buddhism: The Western Transformation of an Ancient Tradition, Oxford University Press, 2002. Jetsunma Ahkön Norbu Lhamo. The Practice of Generosity, publisher unknown, Ahkön Norbu Lhamo, 1991. Jetsunma Ahkon Lhamo. Stabilizing the Mind. Palyul Press, 2005, Khandro, Sangye. The Lives and Liberation of Princess Mandarava: The Indian Consort of Padmasambhava, Wisdom Publications, 1998. ; Morreale, Don. The Complete Guide to Buddhist America, Shambhala, 1998. Miller, Timothy. America's Alternative Religions, State University of New York Press, 1995. Paine, Jeffrey. Re-Enchantment: Tibetan Buddhism Comes To The West, publisher unknown, 2004. Prebish, Charles S. and Kenneth Kenichi Tanaka. The Faces of Buddhism in America, University of California Press, 1998. Zangpo, Ven. Tsering Lama Jamapal, translated by Sangye Khandro. A Garden of Immortal Wish-Fulfilling Trees: the Palyul Tradition of Nyingmapa, Snow Lion Publications, 1988. The Truth: About the Five Primary Religions and the Seven Rules of Any Good Religion. The Oracle Institute, 2005. Encyclopedia of Women And Religion in North America. Edited by Rosemary Skinner Keller, Rosemary Radford Ruether, and Marie Cantlon, Indiana University Press, 2006. 1949 births Living people 20th-century lamas 21st-century lamas American lamas American people of Austrian-Jewish descent American people of Dutch-Jewish descent American people of Italian descent Nyingma lamas Nyingma tulkus People from Canarsie, Brooklyn Vajrayana and women
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"from", "him", "on", "a", "return", "tr", "ip", "to", "T", "i", "bet", "in", "1987", ".", "He", "had", "it", "preser", "ved", "in", "a", "cr", "y", "st", "al", "lot", "us", "bow", "l", "and", "presented", "it", "to", "Ah", "k", "on", "L", "ham", "o", "just", "prior", "to", "the", "occas", "ion", "of", "her", "en", "thr", "on", "ement", "cerem", "ony", "at", "K", "un", "z", "ang", "Pal", "y", "ul", "Ch", "ol", "ing", "(", "K", "PC", ")", "in", "1988", ".", "The", "re", "lic", "remains", "at", "K", "PC", "and", "is", "dis", "played", "on", "a", "us", "p", "ic", "ious", "days", ".", "M", "and", "ar", "ava", "eman", "ation", "In", "1994", ",", "Ter", "ton", "Or", "gy", "en", "K", "us", "um", "L", "ing", "p", "a", "indic", "ated", "in", "a", "long", "life", "pr", "ay", "er", "he", "composed", "that", "Ah", "k", "on", "L", "ham", "o", "was", "an", "eman", "ation", "of", "L", "h", "ach", "am", "M", "and", "ar", "ava", ",", "the", "Indian", "prin", "cess", "of", "Z", "ah", "or", "and", "one", 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"L", "ives", "and", "Liber", "ation", "of", "Prin", "cess", "M", "and", "ar", "ava", "in", "1998", ".", "Ex", "p", "ansion", "Arizona", ",", "Australia", ",", "and", "M", "ong", "ol", "ia", "In", "the", "late", "90", "'", "s", "Ah", "k", "on", "L", "ham", "o", "moved", "to", "Arizona", "with", "a", "number", "of", "students", "to", "start", "a", "second", "center", ",", "where", "she", "res", "ided", "for", "the", "next", "dec", "ade", ".", "There", "she", "built", "a", "36", "'", "Am", "it", "ab", "ha", "st", "up", "a", "in", "a", "Pe", "ace", "Park", ",", "which", "is", "now", "a", "local", "attr", "action", "for", "S", "ed", "ona", ",", "Arizona", ".", "In", "1999", ",", "K", "un", "z", "ang", "Pal", "y", "ul", "Ch", "ol", "ing", "(", "K", "PC", ")", "began", "a", "second", "24", "-", "hour", "pr", "ay", "er", "v", "ig", "il", "which", "continued", "until", "August", "31", ",", "2008", ".", "During", "this", "period", "Ah", "k", "on", "L", "ham", "o", "hosted", "various", "teach", 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"ro", ",", "T", "sa", "L", "ung", ",", "Tre", "k", "ch", "od", ",", "and", "T", "ogy", "al", ".", "With", "Pen", "or", "R", "in", "p", "oc", "he", "’", "s", "development", "of", "a", "similar", "program", "at", "the", "Pal", "y", "ul", "Ret", "reat", "Center", "in", "Mc", "Don", "ough", ",", "NY", ",", "the", "M", "D", "I", "program", "has", "been", "dis", "continued", ".", "Music", "Ah", "k", "on", "L", "ham", "o", "had", "already", "beg", "un", "compos", "ing", "music", "in", "the", "1990", "'", "s", "with", "her", "CD", "\"", "In", "voc", "ation", ",\"", "a", "pr", "ay", "er", "to", "G", "ur", "u", "R", "in", "p", "oc", "he", ",", "the", "founder", "of", "Budd", "his", "m", "in", "T", "i", "bet", ".", "In", "S", "ed", "ona", ",", "she", "experiment", "ed", "and", "combined", "man", "tra", ",", "T", "i", "bet", "an", "instr", "uments", ",", "and", "popular", "musical", "st", "y", "les", "on", "her", "albums", "\"", "Revolution", "of", "Com", "pass", "ion", ",\"", "\"", "Del", "og", 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"act", "ice", "of", "Gen", "er", "os", "ity", ",", "publish", "er", "unknown", ",", "Ah", "k", "ö", "n", "Nor", "bu", "L", "ham", "o", ",", "1991", ".", "J", "ets", "un", "ma", "Ah", "k", "ö", "n", "Nor", "bu", "L", "ham", "o", ".", "St", "ab", "il", "izing", "the", "M", "ind", ":", "A", "med", "it", "ational", "techn", "ique", "to", "develop", "sp", "ac", "ious", "ness", "in", "the", "m", "ind", ".", "Pal", "y", "ul", "Press", ",", "2005", ",", "J", "ets", "un", "ma", "Ah", "k", "ö", "n", "Nor", "bu", "L", "ham", "o", ".", "V", "ow", "of", "Love", ":", "Living", "an", "ex", "tra", "ord", "inary", "life", "of", "comp", "ass", "ion", ",", "K", "un", "z", "ang", "O", "d", "sal", "Pal", "y", "ul", "Ch", "ang", "ch", "ub", "Ch", "ol", "ing", ",", "2017", ".", "J", "ets", "un", "ma", "Ah", "k", "ö", "n", "Nor", "bu", "L", "ham", "o", ".", "B", "ound", "less", "Tre", "as", "ury", "of", "Bl", "ess", "ings", ":", "A", "Col", "lection", "of", "Pr", "ay", "ers", ",", "Te", "ach", "ings", "and", 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3519165
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KFPX-TV
KFPX-TV
KFPX-TV (channel 39) is a television station licensed to Newton, Iowa, United States, broadcasting the Ion Television network to the Des Moines area. Owned and operated by the Ion Media subsidiary of the E. W. Scripps Company, the station maintains offices on 114th Street in Urbandale, and its transmitter is located in Alleman, Iowa. Newscasts For a short time in 2001, KFPX ran a prime time newscast produced by NBC affiliate WHO-TV (channel 13) to compete with Fox affiliate KDSM-TV (channel 17)'s Fox News at Nine (which WHO eventually took over from CBS affiliate KGAN in Cedar Rapids). After that newscast was canceled, KFPX reran WHO-TV's 10:00 p.m. newscasts on a 30-minute delay until early 2005. Technical information Subchannels The station's digital signal is multiplexed: Analog-to-digital conversion KFPX-TV shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 39, on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station "flash-cut" its digital signal into operation UHF channel 39. Former transmitter site KFPX previously maintained transmitter facilities in Baxter, Iowa. Due to its short tower height, the station's broadcasting radius was largely confined to the immediate Des Moines area, although some southern and western suburbs may have had difficulty picking up the station's signal. Therefore, KFPX relied on cable and satellite carriage to reach the entire market. With the move to Alleman, KFPX now provides over-the-air coverage comparable to the market's other stations. References External links Ion Television website Ion Television affiliates Court TV affiliates Laff (TV network) affiliates Ion Mystery affiliates Defy TV affiliates Scripps News affiliates E. W. Scripps Company television stations Television channels and stations established in 1998 1998 establishments in Iowa Television stations in Des Moines, Iowa Newton, Iowa
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19028746
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amnicolidae
Amnicolidae
Amnicolidae is a family of small freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Rissooidea. This family is in the clade Littorinimorpha (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). This family was previously considered to be a subfamily of Hydrobiidae. Subfamilies The family Amnicolidae consists of 3 subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005): Subfamily Amnicolinae Tryon, 1863, synonymised with: Tribe Erhaiini Davis & Kuo, 1985 Subfamily Lyogyrinae Pilsbry, 1916 Subfamily Parabythinellinae Radoman, 1976 Tribe Pseudobythinellini Davis & Chen, 1992 Subfamily Baicaliinae P. Fisher, 1885, synonymised with: Subfamily Liobaicaliinae B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1913 Subfamily Turribaicaliinae B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1917 Genera Subfamily Amnicolinae Tryon, 1863 Akiyoshia Kuroda & Habe, 1954, synonymised with: Akiyoshia (Saganoa) Kuroda, Habe & Tamu, 1958 Amnicola Gould & Haldeman, 1840, synonymised with: Amnicola (Amnicola) Gould & Haldeman, 1840 Hydrobia (Amnicola) Gould & Haldeman, 1840 Chencuia Davis, 1997 Colligyrus Hershler, 1999 Dasyscias F. G. Thompson & Hershler, 1991 Erhaia Davis & Kuo, 1985, synonymised with: Pseudobythinella Liu & Zhang, 1979 Kolhymamnicola Starobogatov & Budnikova, 1976 Lyogyrus Gill, 1863 Marstoniopsis van Regteren Altena, 1936 Moria Kuroda & Habe, 1958 Rachipteron F.G. Thompson, 1964 Subfamily Baicaliinae P. Fisher, 1885 Baicalia Martens, 1876, synonymised with: Baicalia (Baicalia) Martens, 1876 Baicalia (Trachybaicalia) Martens, 1876 Baikalia Dall, 1877 Baikalia (Trachybaikalia) G. Nevill, 1885 Limnorea W. Dybowski, 1875 Limnorea (Ligea) W. Dybowski, 1875 Trachybaikalia G. Nevill, 1885 Turribaicalia B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1917 Dybowskia Dall, 1877 Godlewskia Crosse & P. Fischer, 1879 Korotnewia Kozhov, 1936 Liobaicalia Martens, 1876, synonymised with: Baicalia (Liobaicalia) Martens, 1876 Hydrobia (Liobaikalia) Dall, 1877 Limnorea (Leucosia) W. Dybowski, 1875 Maackia Clessin, 1880, synoynmised with: Baicalia (Maackia) Clessin, 1880 Maackia (Eubaicalia) Lindholm, 1924 Maackia (Maackia) Clessin, 1880 Parabaikalia Lindholm, 1909 Pseudobaikalia Lindholm, 1909, synonymised with: Pseudobaicalia B. Dybowski, 1911 Pseudobaikalia (Microbaicalia) Kozhov, 1936 Pseudobaikalia (Pseudobaikalia) Lindholm, 1909 Pyrgobaicalia Starobogatov, 1972 Teratobaikalia Lindholm, 1909, synonymised with: Teratobaikalia (Baikaliella) Lindholm, 1909 Teratobaikalia (Teratobaikalia) Lindholm, 1909 Teratobaikalia (Trichiobaikalia) Lindholm, 1909 References
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27368924
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20AWP%20Award%20winners
List of AWP Award winners
The AWP Award is an annual competition for the publication of new book-length works. The Association of Writers & Writing Programs (AWP) is a nonprofit organization of writers, teachers, colleges, and universities. The Donald Hall Prize for Poetry is an award of $5,000 and publication. The Grace Paley Prize for Short Fiction is an award of $5,000 and publication. Winners in the novel and creative nonfiction categories receive a $2,000 cash honorarium and publication. AWP hires a staff of “screeners” who review manuscripts for the judges, who select ten manuscripts in each genre for each judge’s final evaluations. References American poetry awards Short story awards Awards established in 1975
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13335560
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Unadilla
USS Unadilla
USS Unadilla may refer to one of the following ships of the United States Navy: was a 507-ton steam operated gunboat acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. a district harbor tug laid down in 1895 and struck in 1947. a serving from 1944 to 1961 United States Navy ship names
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17878653
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VMDK
VMDK
VMDK (short for Virtual Machine Disk) is a file format that describes containers for virtual hard disk drives to be used in virtual machines like VMware Workstation or VirtualBox. Initially developed by VMware for its proprietary virtual appliance products, VMDK became an open format with revision 5.0 in 2011, and is one of the disk formats used inside the Open Virtualization Format for virtual appliances. The maximum VMDK size is generally 2TB for most applications, but in September 2013, VMware vSphere 5.5 introduced 62TB VMDK capacity. Support All VMware virtualization products support VMDK; this includes VMware Workstation, VMware Workstation Player, VMware Server, VMware Fusion, VMware ESX, VMware ESXi, and all software-plus-service offerings that incorporate them. Third-party software that support VMDK include: Parallels Desktop for Mac version 10 QEMU VirtualBox former SUSE Studio former Sun xVM (ancestor of VirtualBox) Norton Ghost Paragon Hard Disk Manager DiskInternals VMFS Recovery Format The VMDK format includes multiple differing subformats, some of which store metadata in an external descriptor file, while others embed it with the main data in a single file. A flat image allocates space ahead of time while a sparse image grows as the virtual machine writes to it. Flat images can use the underlying file system's sparse file capability, as is done with the vmfs format on ESXi. An image can also refer to a parent image and only store changes made in a copy-on-write fashion. This enables creating a snapshot of a virtual machine's state. Extents The descriptor specifies a series of one or more extents that typically refer to a file or device that holds the actual data, unless for example they are of type ZERO, which emulates a zero-filled extent. Each extent can be marked either RW, RDONLY, or NOACCESS to signify that the virtual machine should have respectively read/write, read-only, or no access to that part of the disk. The number and types of extents in an image depend on its createType. An image with createType="custom" can contain an arbitrary combination of extents. Virtual disk provisioning options Flat disk images can be provisioned in one of three ways: thin: Blocks are not allocated or zeroed during initial provisioning. Instead, the image is created as a sparse file. Block allocation and zeroing is performed at first access. zeroedthick: Blocks are allocated during initial provisioning but are not zeroed until first access. eagerzeroedthick: Blocks are allocated and zeroed during initial provisioning. See also Virtual disk References External links VMware VMware Virtual Disk Development Kit (VDDK) 6.7 Computer file formats Disk images Filename extensions VMware
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62689105
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeneMatcher
GeneMatcher
GeneMatcher is an online service and database that aims to match clinicians studying patients with a rare disease presentation based on genes of interest. When two or more clinicians submit the same gene to the database, the service matches them together to allow them to compare cases. It also allows matching genes from animal models to human cases. The service aims to establish novel relationships between genes and genetic diseases of unknown cause. The website was launched in September 2013 by a team from a government-funded collaborative project between Johns Hopkins Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine in the United States. , the site contained 11,855 genes from 7,724 submitters from 88 countries, and 6,609 matches had been made. The service has aided geneticists in making several discoveries, including establishing the genetic causes of a form of autism spectrum disorder, syndromes of microcephaly with hearing loss, a mitochondrial disease, SPONASTRIME dysplasia and Au–Kline syndrome. History The website was launched in September 2013 by Nara Sobreira, François Schiettecatte, Ada Hamosh and others. The team are part of a collaborative effort between Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland and Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas, United States called the Baylor–Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics (BHCMG), one of three such Centers for Mendelian Genomics (CMGs) established and funded by the American National Institutes of Health (NIH) and National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) in 2011. Features The service allows researchers to submit candidate genes to a database and match based on a shared gene of interest. Researchers, healthcare providers or patients can create an account using their email, name and address. Upon doing this, they can post a gene by gene symbol, Entrez ID or Ensembl gene ID. They can also specify genes by OMIM number or genomic location. If an identical gene has already been posted by another user, the match is made immediately and both users receive an email with the contact details of the other user. Otherwise, the gene remains in the database until another user submits the same gene. The database of genes is not explorable, and no user contact details are accessible until a match has been made. Users may retract their submitted gene or delete their account at any time. Optionally, users are also able to query the database by genetic disorder or physical symptom. The service also encourages those working with animal models to submit their gene candidates and provides an option to specify the submission by model organism. Usage , the site contained 11,855 genes from 7,724 submitters from 88 countries, and 6,609 matches had been made. , roughly 14% of the genes were related to animal models, and the BHCMG itself had submitted at least 180 of the genes and generated 69 matches, 16 of which were also a phenotype match. Three of those phenotype–gene matches, involving SPATA5, HNRNPK and TELO2, were sufficient for publication of new outlines of diseases in medical journals. Collaboration with other databases GeneMatcher is part of a collaboration between multiple gene-matching services called MatchmakerExchange, launched in October 2013. The other services part of the project include PhenomeCentral and DECIPHER. American genetic testing company GeneDx has uploaded genes from its database with likely pathogenic variants, leading to dozens of matches. Impact GeneMatcher has helped geneticists to make several new discoveries, some examples of which include the following: In 2015, the service matched three practices with cases of an unknown multi-system syndrome likely caused by a mutation in HNRNPK. The cause was confirmed, and the syndrome was named Au–Kline syndrome, after Ping-Yee Billie Au and Antonie D. Kline, two of the researchers involved. The syndrome was later shown in 2019 to be identical to Okamoto syndrome, described in 1997. In 2015, the service allowed researchers to link SPATA5 to an autosomal recessive syndrome of microcephaly, seizures and hearing loss. They used GeneMatcher to find 4 of 14 patients with the syndrome and mutations. In 2015, GeneMatcher helped researchers to link TELO2 to an autosomal recessive syndrome of microcephaly, ataxia, hearing loss, congenital heart defects and other features. The service allowed them to find the fourth of four families with children with the condition and mutations. The syndrome was named You–Hoover-Fong syndrome, after researchers Jing You and Julie Hoover-Fong. In 2016, researchers in the Netherlands used GeneMatcher to identify 2 of 4 patients with a fatal autosomal recessive immunodeficiency condition called LICS syndrome, caused by mutations in NSMCE3. In 2017, it was discovered that mutations in KYNU or HAAO lead to an autosomal recessive syndrome of skeletal abnormalities, congenital heart defects, hypoplastic kidneys, hearing loss and other features. The researchers used GeneMatcher to identify the fourth of four families with children with the condition. In 2017, UK researchers identified mutations in ADCY3 as the cause of an autosomal recessive ciliary disorder causing obesity, anosmia and mild intellectual disability. GeneMatcher allowed them to find the fourth of four patients with the condition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.agerpres.ro/life/2018/01/09/asocierea-dintre-obezitate-si-mutatiile-genetice-dovada-ca-aceasta-boala-nu-inseamna-intotdeauna-lacomie-studiu--33033|title=Asocierea dintre obezitate şi mutaţiile genetice, dovada că această boală nu înseamnă..|last=AGERPRES|website=www.agerpres.ro|language=ro|access-date=2019-12-29}}</ref> In 2018, researchers were able to associate a mitochondrial complex I deficiency with a mutation in NDUFA6 using GeneMatcher. The service allowed them to locate 3 of 4 patients with the condition and mutation. In 2019, GeneMatcher allowed researchers to link DEGS1 to an autosomal recessive hypomyelinating leukodystrophy. They had found a homozygous mutation in the gene in one female patient, and the service helped them in finding 18 other patients with autosomal recessive mutations in the same gene with similar symptoms. In 2019, researchers were able to establish with the help of GeneMatcher that a mutation in BRSK1'' leads to an autosomal dominant syndrome of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. The service allowed them to find 5 of 9 patients with the condition and mutation. The nine patients were from cohorts totalling 3,429 individuals, which was considered a high prevalence for a rare disorder and led to surprise that the gene hadn't been linked to developmental delay before. References American medical websites Databases in the United States Online databases
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63888089
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Sonnie%20Torgbor%20Provencal
Henry Sonnie Torgbor Provencal
Henry Sonnie Torgbor Provencal (1922-2007) was a Ghanaian politician. He was a member of parliament and a minister of state during the first republic. He served as the member of parliament for the Accra Central constituency from 1960 to 1965 and the member of parliament for the Gamashie constituency from 1965 to 1966. He also served as the Regional Commissioner for Greater Accra from 1965 to 1966. Early life and career Provencal was born on 24 December 1922. He left school in 1940 to join his uncle, a timber merchant, as his assistant. He worked with his uncle from then until 1946 when he joined his father's corn-mill business. He worked with his father for a period of about three years. In 1950, he was arrested for a political offence and detained for 13 months. Upon his release, he was unemployed and dependent on his father for his needs until the latter period of 1952. In 1953 he was employed as a transport officer for the then Cocoa Purchasing Company. That same year, he was elected member of the Accra Municipal Council. In 1955, Provencal joined his father as an assistant in a sand and stone business of which his father worked as a contractor for the supply. Politics Provencal was appointed Personal Assistant to the then prime minister of Ghana Dr. Kwame Nkrumah in June or July 1957. He served in this capacity until 29 August 1960. Ghana had become a republic in 1960 and the then prime minister Dr. Kwame Nkrumah became the president of Ghana. As head of state, he could no longer serve as a member of parliament for his constituency, Accra Central. His seat became vacant and on 30 August 1960, a by-election was held to fill the seat. Provencal contested for the seat on the ticket of the Convention People's Party (CPP) and won polling 11,545 votes to beat Solomon Edmund Odamtten of the United Party (UP) who polled 165 votes. Provencal remained a member of parliament for the Accra Central constituency until 1965. In 1961, he doubled as a Deputy Minister for Interior and he remained in this position until July 1964. A month later, he was appointed Executive Secretary of the Accra Tema Council (now the Accra Metropolitan Assembly) and in 1965 he was elevated to ministerial status when he was appointed Regional Commissioner for Greater Accra. That same year, he became the member of parliament for the Gamashie constituency. Provencal held these appointments until 24 February 1966 when the Nkrumah government was overthrown. Provencal was consequently arrested and incarcerated by the National Liberation Council (NLC) under "protective custody" at the Ussher Fort Prison for about two and half years. During the Limann administration, Provencal together with Johnny Hansen founded the Kwame Nkrumah Revolutionary Guards (KNRG). The group had its roots in the People's Revolutionary Party (PRP) that was founded to contest the 1979 election but later merged with the People's National Party (PNP). He served as General Secretary of the KNRG. Death and legacy Provencal died on 14 September 2007. In 1965 he founded the Accra City Guards, which has existed to this day. See also List of MLAs elected in the 1956 Gold Coast legislative election List of MPs elected in the 1965 Ghanaian parliamentary election References 1922 births Ghanaian MPs 1954–1956 Ghanaian MPs 1956–1965 Ghanaian MPs 1965–1966 Convention People's Party (Ghana) politicians 20th-century Ghanaian politicians 2007 deaths
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick%20Hasenh%C3%BCttl
Patrick Hasenhüttl
Patrick Hasenhüttl (born 20 May 1997) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a centre-forward for German club Hallescher FC. He previously played senior football for Ingolstadt 04 II, Türkgücü München, SpVgg Unterhaching, Austria Klagenfurt and VfB Oldenburg. Hasenhüttl has played for Austria at under-17, under-18 level and under-19 levels. Club career Hasenhüttl played youth football for SpVgg Unterhaching before joining the youth team of VfB Stuttgart in 2013. He left VfB Stuttgart's youth team in 2015 and joined Ingolstadt 04. He made his senior debut for Ingolstadt 04's reserve side on 30 July 2016 as a substitute in a 3–1 defeat away to VfR Garching. On 2 September 2016, he scored the first goal of his senior career with his first touch after coming on as a substitute in a 2–2 draw away to 1. FC Schweinfurt 05. He made a total of 82 league appearances, in which he scored 23 goals, over three seasons with Ingolstadt 04 II. In June 2019, he signed for Regionalliga Bayern side Türkgücü München on a free transfer. He scored 14 goals in 23 league appearances for Türkgücü München across the 2019–20 season, as they were promoted to the 3. Liga during the COVID-19 pandemic. He returned to former youth club SpVgg Unterhaching in the summer of 2020 on a two-year contract. Hasenhüttl made his debut for the club in the 3. Liga on 25 September 2020, starting in a 1–0 home victory against VfB Lübeck. In January 2022, Hasenhüttl signed a 2.5-year contract with Austria Klagenfurt. He was loaned to 3. Liga club VfB Oldenburg in September 2022. On 17 August 2023, Hasenhüttl returned to 3. Liga and signed with Hallescher FC. International career Hasenhüttl has represented Austria internationally at under-17 level, under-18 level and under-19 levels. He appeared for Austria at the 2016 UEFA European Under-19 Championship. Personal life He is the son of former professional footballer and former Southampton and RB Leipzig manager Ralph Hasenhüttl. He was born in Mechelen, Belgium as his father was playing for KV Mechelen at the time, but has represented Austria in youth international football. He also holds German citizenship. References External links Patrick Hasenhüttl at Austrian Football Association 1997 births Living people Footballers from Mechelen Austrian men's footballers Austria men's youth international footballers Belgian men's footballers Belgian people of Austrian descent German men's footballers Men's association football forwards FC Ingolstadt 04 II players Türkgücü München players SpVgg Unterhaching players SK Austria Klagenfurt (2007) players VfB Oldenburg players Hallescher FC players 3. Liga players Regionalliga players
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34273507
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tichfield%20Junction
Tichfield Junction
Tichfield Junction is an unincorporated community in Coteau Rural Municipality No. 255, Saskatchewan, Canada. The community is located 30 km south of the Town of Outlook east of highway 44 at the intersection of Township road 270 & the Canadian National Railway junction on the south shore of Coteau Lake. See also List of communities in Saskatchewan Coteau No. 255, Saskatchewan Unincorporated communities in Saskatchewan Ghost towns in Saskatchewan
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52786951
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony%20Bouchard
Anthony Bouchard
Anthony Bouchard is an American politician serving as a member of the Wyoming Senate from the 6th district since 2017, as a member of the Republican Party. Bouchard was previously a candidate in the 2022 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming. Education Bouchard attended the Florida State College at Jacksonville. Career Prior to entering politics, Bouchard was a businessman, automotive technician, and welder. He later worked as an automotive business management consultant. Since 2017, Bouchard has also worked as a real estate agent. He and his wife own and operate a septic-draining business. Lobbying Bouchard spent several years as a lobbyist for Wyoming Gun Owners, a group he founded. In 2010, Bouchard led an effort to oppose receiving $1million of federal money to protect against large increases to health insurance premiums. Bouchard said that accepting the money would have undermined Wyoming's ability to fight the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in court. Wyoming Senate Bouchard unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for a seat in the Wyoming Senate in 2012 and a seat in the Wyoming House of Representatives in 2014. When incumbent State Senator Wayne Johnson announced his retirement in 2016, Bouchard announced his candidacy for the seat. Bouchard ran against State Representative David Zwonitzer and Laramie County Conversation District Supervisor Lindi Kirkbride in the Republican primary. Bouchard defeated Zwonitzer by five votes to become the Republican nominee, with Kirkbride running a close third. He defeated independent candidate Kym Zwonitzer, the wife of David Zwonitzer, in the general election with 52% of the vote. In the state Senate, Bouchard voted against proposals to expand Medicaid to cover more uninsured Wyomingites. Bouchard is a proponent of capital punishment, opposing a proposal in 2019 to abolish the death penalty in Wyoming. In 2017, Bouchard supported a bill to allow people to carry guns into government meetings; the bill was vetoed by Governor Matt Mead. In March 2018, Bouchard introduced a bill to the Wyoming Senate to allow a person to use deadly force in order to protect themselves without requiring the person to retreat from the perpetrator and, in the case of a person who shoots an intruder to their home, assumes that the person acted in self-defense. The bill passed into law. Later that year, a man shot a man nine times with an AR-15 at the entrance of his home. A district court judge dismissed the first-degree murder case against the man, and the Wyoming Supreme Court upheld the dismissal. In 2021, Bouchard shared a meme on Facebook calling for the execution of US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases director Anthony Fauci. 2022 U.S. House of Representatives campaign In January 2021, Bouchard announced that he would challenge incumbent U.S. Representative Liz Cheney in the 2022 Republican primary. Cheney, who had been serving in Congress since 2017, was criticized by fellow Republicans, including Bouchard, for her vote in favor of impeaching President Trump because of his actions leading up to the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol. Bouchard accused Cheney of being "out of touch," and added that Wyoming needed a Representative who would "stand up to Nancy Pelosi and the Democrats." In March 2021, Bouchard voted in favor of a bill, endorsed by Donald Trump Jr., that would have required candidates to win a majority of votes in primary elections to avoid a runoff election; the bill, which would have undermined Cheney's reelection campaign, failed on a 15–14 vote. Bouchard has stated that he has raised over $500,000 in his campaign against Cheney. He finished third in the primary. Personal life In May 2021, Bouchard claimed he was pre-empting a media exposé by telling his supporters on a Facebook Live video that, when he was a teenager, he impregnated a girl who was "a little younger than me" in Florida "more than 40 years ago." He later told the Casper Star-Tribune that he was 18 years old and the girl was 14 when she became pregnant. Bouchard said they married when he was 19 and the girl was 15, and the girl eventually gave birth to their son. He said the couple divorced after three years of marriage; she died by suicide in 1990 at age 20. References External links Official page at the Wyoming Legislature Profile from Ballotpedia Living people 21st-century American politicians Candidates in the 2022 United States House of Representatives elections People from Laramie County, Wyoming Republican Party Wyoming state senators Year of birth missing (living people)
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