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Rotational movement is the movement of a bone as it rotates around its longitudinal axis. | Rotational movement |
To be diagnosed with bipolar disorder, a person must have experienced a manic episode at least once in his life ; although major depressive episodes are common in bipolar disorder, they are not required for a diagnosis( APA, 2013). | bipolar disorder |
Plant patents, the final type, recognize the discovery of new plant types that can be asexually reproduced. | Plant patents |
The stimulating growth factor was found to be cytokinin, a hormone that promotes cytokinesis( cell division). | cytokinin |
With avoidant attachment, the child is unresponsive to the parent, does not use the parent as a secure base, and does not care if the parent leaves. | avoidant attachment |
Structures that produce photosynthates for the growing plant are referred to as sources. | sources |
When Griffith filmed In Old California( 1910), the first movie ever shot in Hollywood, California, the small town north of Los Angeles was little more than a village. | In Old California ( 1910 ) |
The sliding clamp is a ring - shaped protein that binds to the DNA and holds the polymerase in place. | The sliding clamp |
Syntax refers to the way words are organized into sentences( Chomsky, 1965 ; Fernández & Cairns, 2011). | Syntax |
The Civil Rights Act and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act make provisions for bona fide occupational qualifications( BFOQs), which are requirements of certain occupations for which denying an individual employment would otherwise violate the law. | bona fide occupational qualifications BFOQs |
Feminist sociologist Patricia Hill Collins( 1990) developed intersection theory, which suggests we can not separate the effects of race, class, gender, sexual orientation, and other attributes. | intersection theory |
This is known as deceleration. | deceleration |
However, in 1989, the Supreme Court decided in Texas v. Johnson that burning the flag was a form of symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment and found the law, as applied to flag desecration, to be unconstitutional. Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397( 1989). | Texas v. Johnson |
Amalgamation is the process by which a minority group and a majority group combine to form a new group. | Amalgamation |
The tone was the neutral stimulus( NS), which is a stimulus that does not naturally elicit a response. | the neutral stimulus NS |
The law of conservation of energy can be stated as follows : Total energy is constant in any process. | The law of conservation of energy |
Projectile motion is the motion of an object thrown or projected into the air, subject to only the acceleration of gravity. | Projectile motion |
Unitary elasticities indicate proportional responsiveness of either demand or supply, as summarized in. | Unitary elasticities |
Cells are broken using a lysis buffer( a solution which is mostly a detergent) ; lysis means “ to split. ” These enzymes break apart lipid molecules in the cell membranes and nuclear membranes. | a lysis buffer These |
They were known as exodusters, referencing the biblical flight from Egypt, because they fled the racism of the South, with most of them headed to Kansas from Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. | exodusters |
But it is true that you might feel ” poor ” if you are living without a car to drive to and from work, without any money for a safety net should a family member fall ill, and without any “ extras ” beyond just making ends meet. Contrary to relative poverty, people who live in absolute poverty lack even the basic necessities, which typically include adequate food, clean water, safe housing, and access to healthcare. | absolute poverty |
A mass is a relatively large number of people with a common interest, though they may not be in close proximity( Lofland 1993), such as players of the popular Facebook game Farmville. | A mass |
Where capital expense became a significant factor, larger commercial farms — known as “ bonanza farms”—began to develop. | bonanza farms”—began |
This was an annual per - person tax, typically one or two dollars( on the order of $ 20 to $ 50 today), that a person had to pay to register to vote. | This |
Displaced persons have fled their homes while remaining inside their country ’s borders. | Displaced persons |
One approach to thinking about public policy is to see it as the broad strategy government uses to do its job. | public policy |
According to this principle, we tend to segment our visual world into figure and ground. | this principle |
Sepals and petals together form the perianth. | the perianth |
Range of Reaction is the theory that each person responds to the environment in a unique way based on his or her genetic makeup. | Range of Reaction |
Literacy tests were long and detailed exams on local and national politics, history, and more. | Literacy tests |
One important phenomenon related to the relative strength of cohesive and adhesive forces is capillary action — the tendency of a fluid to be raised or suppressed in a narrow tube, or capillary tube. | capillary action |
NK cells identify intracellular infections, especially from viruses, by the altered expression of major histocompatibility class( MHC) I molecules on the surface of infected cells. | NK cells |
Cortisol is commonly known as a stress hormone and helps provide that boost of energy when we first encounter a stressor, preparing us to run away or fight. | Cortisol |
The allantois stores nitrogenous wastes produced by the embryo and also facilitates respiration. | The allantois |
The Republicans also passed the Legal Tender Act of 1862, calling for paper money — known as greenbacks — to be printed). | the Legal Tender Act of 1862 |
The Twenty - Fourth Amendment( 1964) abolished the use of poll taxes. | The Twenty - Fourth Amendment |
Feynman was one of the theorists who developed the field of quantum electrodynamics( QED), which is the quantum mechanics of electromagnetism. | quantum electrodynamics QED |
Measuring Income Distribution by QuintilesOne common way of measuring income inequality is to rank all households by income, from lowest to highest, and then to divide all households into five groups with equal numbers of people, known as quintiles. | quintiles |
You may use whichever expression is more convenient, as illustrated in examples below. A centrifuge( see b) is a rotating device used to separate specimens of different densities. | A centrifuge |
For example, after the common beginning of all life, scientists divide organisms into three large categories called a domain : Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. | a domain |
This constellation of physiological changes, known as the fight or flight response, allows the body access to energy reserves and heightened sensory capacity so that it might fight off a threat or run away to safety. | the fight or flight response |
The actual rate of return refers to the total rate of return, including capital gains and interest paid on an investment at the end of a period of time. | The actual rate of return |
Structural mobility happens when societal changes enable a whole group of people to move up or down the social class ladder. | Structural mobility |
Unicellular organisms, such as bacteria and yeast, naturally produce clones of themselves when they replicate asexually by binary fission ; this is known as cellular cloning. | cellular cloning |
The neritic zone extends from the intertidal zone to depths of about 200 m( or 650 ft) at the edge of the continental shelf. | The neritic zone |
Whereas pinacocytes line the outside of the sponge, choanocytes tend to line certain inner portions of the sponge body that surround the mesohyl. | pinacocytes |
People suffering from bulimia nervosa engage in binge eating behavior that is followed by an attempt to compensate for the large amount of food consumed. | bulimia nervosa |
To analyze the sources of economic growth, it is useful to think about a production function, which is the process of turning economic inputs like labor, machinery, and raw materials into outputs like goods and services used by consumers. | a production function |
Phospholipids are major constituents of the plasma membrane, the outermost layer of animal cells. | Phospholipids |
An inelastic collision is one in which the internal kinetic energy changes( it is not conserved). | An inelastic collision |
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. | The Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
IQ stands for intelligence quotient and describes a score earned on a test designed to measure intelligence. | IQ intelligence quotient |
For practical purposes, a precise definition of happiness might incorporate each of these elements : an enduring state of mind consisting of joy, contentment, and other positive emotions, plus the sense that one ’s life has meaning and value( Lyubomirsky, 2001). | happiness |
Stolons are stems that run almost parallel to the ground, or just below the surface, and can give rise to new plants at the nodes. | Stolons |
A portal system carries blood from one capillary network to another ; therefore, the hypophyseal portal system allows hormones produced by the hypothalamus to be carried directly to the anterior pituitary without first entering the circulatory system. The anterior pituitary produces seven hormones : growth hormone( GH), prolactin( PRL), thyroid - stimulating hormone( TSH), melanin - stimulating hormone( MSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone( ACTH), follicle - stimulating hormone( FSH), and luteinizing hormone( LH). | A portal system |
Osmoregulation is the process of maintenance of salt and water balance( osmotic balance) across membranes within the body ’s fluids, which are composed of water, plus electrolytes and non - electrolytes. | Osmoregulation osmotic balance |
Prosthetic groups are organic or inorganic, non - peptide molecules bound to a protein that facilitate its function ; prosthetic groups include co - enzymes, which are the prosthetic groups of enzymes. | Prosthetic groups |
Mitochondria( singular = mitochondrion) are often called the “ powerhouses ” or “ energy factories ” of a cell because they are responsible for making adenosine triphosphate( ATP), the cell ’s main energy - carrying molecule. | Mitochondria |
All three curves on the phase diagram meet at a single point, the triple point, where all three phases exist in equilibrium. | the triple point |
A certain amount of unemployment is a direct result of the relative inflexibility of the labor market, considered structural unemployment, which describes when there is a societal level of disjuncture between people seeking jobs and the available jobs. | structural unemployment |
The amygdala is involved in our experience of emotion and in tying emotional meaning to our memories. | The amygdala |
In contrast, downward mobility indicates a lowering of one ’s social class. | downward mobility |
A rational society is one built around logic and efficiency rather than morality or tradition. | A rational society |
To obtain a view of an individual ’s karyotype, cytologists photograph the chromosomes and then cut and paste each chromosome into a chart, or karyogram, also known as an ideogram. | karyogram an ideogram |
Bureaucracies are, in theory at least, meritocracies, meaning that hiring and promotion is based on proven and documented skills, rather than on nepotism or random choice. | meritocracies |
Homologous chromosomes are the same length and have specific nucleotide segments called genes in exactly the same location, or locus. | locus |
An empresario was someone who brought settlers to the region in exchange for generous grants of land. | An empresario |
The amount that a seller is paid for a good minus the seller ’s actual cost is called producer surplus. | producer surplus |
Some people are born deaf, which is known as congenital deafness. | congenital deafness |
The embryo develops inside the archegonium as the sporophyte. | the sporophyte |
Recall that a reduction is the gain of an electron by an atom or molecule. | a reduction |
Deposit insurance : Banks are required by law to pay a small fraction of their deposits to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which goes into a fund that is used to pay depositors the value of their bank deposits up to $ 250,000( the amount was raised from $ 100,000 to $ 250,000 in 2008) if the bank should go bankrupt. | Deposit insurance |
When one firm purchases another, it is called an acquisition. | an acquisition |
As the names suggest, media globalization is the worldwide integration of media through the cross - cultural exchange of ideas, while technological globalization refers to the cross - cultural development and exchange of technology. | media globalization technological globalization |
Cuboidal epithelial cells, shown in, are cube - shaped with a single, central nucleus. | Cuboidal epithelial cells |
Trichomes are hair - like structures on the epidermal surface. | Trichomes |
This depolarization is called an excitatory postsynaptic potential( EPSP) and makes the postsynaptic neuron more likely to fire an action potential. | an excitatory postsynaptic potential EPSP |
As a direct tax on the colonists, the Stamp Act imposed an internal tax on almost every type of printed paper colonists used, including newspapers, legal documents, and playing cards. | the Stamp Act |
Finally, motivational framing is the call to action : what should you do once you agree with the diagnostic frame and believe in the prognostic frame ? | motivational framing |
The substitution effect occurs when a price changes and consumers have an incentive to consume less of the good with a relatively higher price and more of the good with a relatively lower price. | The substitution effect |
In this example, a type of receptor called a mechanoreceptor( as shown in) possesses specialized membranes that respond to pressure. | a mechanoreceptor |
Sympatric speciation( sym- = " same " ; -patric = " homeland ") involves speciation occurring within a parent species remaining in one location. | Sympatric speciation |
The final category of the current account balance is unilateral transfers, which are payments made by government, private charities, or individuals in which money is sent abroad without any direct good or service being received. | unilateral transfers |
Food molecules( tastants) are dissolved in saliva, and they bind with and stimulate the receptors on the microvilli. | tastants |
Secondary active transport describes the movement of material that is due to the electrochemical gradient established by primary active transport that does not directly require ATP. | Secondary active transport |
Unpredictable Movements of VelocityVelocity is a term that economists use to describe how quickly money circulates through the economy. | VelocityVelocity |
Secondary sexual characteristics are physical signs of sexual maturation that do not directly involve sex organs, such as development of breasts and hips in girls, and development of facial hair and a deepened voice in boys. | Secondary sexual characteristics |
Prejudice refers to the beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes someone holds about a group. | Prejudice |
Physical capital per person refers to the amount and kind of machinery and equipment available to help people get work done. | Physical capital per person |
The very arboreal gibbons are smaller than the great apes ; they have low sexual dimorphism( that is, the sexes are not markedly different in size) ; and they have relatively longer arms used for swinging through trees. | The very arboreal gibbons |
A microeconomic production function describes the inputs and outputs of a firm, or perhaps an industry. | A microeconomic production function |
Arachidic acid is derived from Arachis hypogea, the scientific name for groundnuts or peanuts. | Arachidic acid |
An individual with an error in chromosome number is described as aneuploid, a term that includes monosomy( loss of one chromosome) or trisomy( gain of an extraneous chromosome). | aneuploid monosomy trisomy |
Organic solidarity arises out of the mutual interdependence created by the specialization of work. | Organic solidarity |
The prisoner ’s dilemma is a scenario in which the gains from cooperation are larger than the rewards from pursuing self - interest. | The prisoner ’s dilemma |
Volume measures the amount of air for one function( such as inhalation or exhalation). | Volume |
Subtypes of heterotrophs, called saprobes, absorb nutrients from dead organisms or their organic wastes. | saprobes |
A savings account typically pays some interest rate, but getting the money typically requires you to make a trip to the bank or an automatic teller machine( or you can access the funds electronically). | A savings account |
Tying sales happen when a customer is required to buy one product only if the customer also buys a second product. | Tying sales |
Social facts are the laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, rituals, and all of the cultural rules that govern social life( Durkheim 1895). | Social facts |