tokens
stringlengths 30
539
| Term
stringlengths 2
168
|
|---|---|
A public, on the other hand, is an unorganized, relatively diffused group of people who share ideas, such as the Libertarian political party. | A public |
He called this condition early infantile autism, and it was characterized mainly by an inability to form close emotional ties with others, speech and language abnormalities, repetitive behaviors, and an intolerance of minor changes in the environment and in normal routines( Bregman, 2005). | infantile autism |
One of Rogers ’s main ideas about personality regards self - concept, our thoughts and feelings about ourselves. | self - concept |
The cytoplasm is the entire region of a cell between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope( a structure to be discussed shortly). | The cytoplasm |
Each type of pigment can be identified by the specific pattern of wavelengths it absorbs from visible light, which is the absorption spectrum. | the absorption spectrum |
The market in which people or firms use one currency to purchase another currency is called the foreign exchange market. | the foreign exchange market |
The radius is located along the lateral( thumb) side of the forearm and articulates with the humerus at the elbow. | The radius |
The materials and methods section includes a complete and accurate description of the substances used, and the method and techniques used by the researchers to gather data. | The materials and methods section |
There is strong evidence that quarks are the fundamental building blocks of hadrons as seen in. | quarks |
In markets for financial capital, the elasticity of savings — that is, the percentage change in the quantity of savings divided by the percentage change in interest rates — will describe the shape of the supply curve for financial capital. | the elasticity of savings |
Tubers are modified stems that may store starch, as seen in the potato( Solanum sp. | Tubers |
Jet lag is a collection of symptoms that results from the mismatch between our internal circadian cycles and our environment. | Jet lag |
Soon after slavery was abolished by the Thirteenth Amendment, state governments — particularly those in the former Confederacy — began to pass “ black codes ” that restricted the rights of former slaves and effectively relegated them to second - class citizenship under their state laws and constitutions. | black codes |
Functionalism focused on how mental activities helped an organism fit into its environment. | Functionalism |
In humans, bronchioles with a diameter smaller than 0.5 mm are the respiratory bronchioles. | the respiratory bronchioles |
Before the arrival of the Spanish, for example, the Inca people of the Andes consumed chicha, a corn beer, for ritual purposes only. | chicha |
Conductors contain free charges that move easily. | Conductors |
These banks( and a few other firms), known as dealers, then trade the foreign exchange. | dealers |
A thermal hazard occurs when there is electrical overheating. | A thermal hazard |
As you may recall from what you learned about self - efficacy, an individual ’s belief in his ability to complete a task is important( Bandura, 1994). | self - efficacy |
Usually the gel is made of a chemical called agarose. | agarose |
The bracts are known as microsporophylls and are the sites where microspores will develop. | The bracts microsporophylls |
However, if a family of carriers begins to interbreed with each other, this will dramatically increase the likelihood of two carriers mating and eventually producing diseased offspring, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. | inbreeding depression |
We call the hypothetical unified force superforce. Now let us imagine starting at TOE and moving forward in time to see what type of universe is created from various events along the way. | superforce |
At the party ’s New York State convention in Buffalo, Martin Van Buren ’s antislavery supporters — called Barnburners because they were likened to farmers who were willing to burn down their own barn to get rid of a rat infestation — spoke in favor of the proviso. | Barnburners |
According to continuity theory, the elderly make specific choices to maintain consistency in internal( personality structure, beliefs) and external structures( relationships), remaining active and involved throughout their elder years. | continuity theory |
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination in employment on the basis of sex as well as race, color, national origin, and religion. | Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
The other third party, the States ’ Rights Democrats, also known as the Dixiecrats, were white, southern Democrats who split from the Democratic Party when Harry Truman, who favored civil rights for African Americans, became the party ’s nominee for president. | the States ’ Rights Democrats the Dixiecrats |
Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids ; they additionally have a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening through the membrane layers. | Channel proteins |
Any substance that has free electrons and allows charge to move relatively freely through it is called a conductor. | a conductor |
Primary reinforcers are reinforcers that have innate reinforcing qualities. | Primary reinforcers |
The interest rate banks pay for such loans is called the discount rate. | the discount rate |
When economists talk about supply, they mean the amount of some good or service a producer is willing to supply at each price. | supply |
Explicit costs are out - of - pocket costs, that is, payments that are actually made. | Explicit costs |
Phosphorylation refers to the addition of the phosphate( ~P). | Phosphorylation |
DNA dictates the structure of mRNA in a process known as transcription, and RNA dictates the structure of protein in a process known as translation. | transcription translation |
Karyokinesis, also known as mitosis, is divided into a series of phases — prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase — that result in the division of the cell nucleus. | Karyokinesis mitosis |
These powers are known as reserved powers. | reserved powers |
Any heat engine employing the Carnot cycle is called a Carnot engine. | a Carnot engine |
Still other viruses, such as human herpesviruses 6 and 7, which in some cases can cause the minor childhood disease roseola, often successfully cause productive infections without causing any symptoms at all in the host, and thus we say these patients have an asymptomatic infection. | an asymptomatic infection |
Adaptive immunity is an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination. | Adaptive immunity |
As a result, Virginia ’s delegates proposed a plan that called for bicameralism, or the division of legislators into two separate assemblies. | bicameralism |
Antitrust law includes rules against restrictive practices — practices that do not involve outright agreements to raise price or to reduce the quantity produced, but that might have the effect of reducing competition. | restrictive practices |
The Civil Rights Act of 1991 provides monetary damages in cases of intentional employment discrimination. | The Civil Rights Act of 1991 |
The limbic system is a connected set of structures that regulates emotion, as well as behaviors related to fear and motivation. | The limbic system |
Infertility is the inability to conceive a child or carry a child to birth. | Infertility |
The single genus Equisetum is the survivor of a large group of plants, known as Arthrophyta, which produced large trees and entire swamp forests in the Carboniferous. | The single genus Equisetum |
This is because of a phenomenon called recruitment, which is the process of opening airways that normally remain closed when cardiac output increases. | recruitment |
As shown in, the direction of magnetic field lines is defined to be the direction in which the north end of a compass needle points. | the direction of magnetic field lines |
Sociologist Robert Merton agreed that deviance is an inherent part of a functioning society, but he expanded on Durkheim ’s ideas by developing strain theory, which notes that access to socially acceptable goals plays a part in determining whether a person conforms or deviates. | strain theory |
These two - way exchanges between the Americas and Europe/ Africa are known collectively as the Columbian Exchange. | the Columbian Exchange ( [ link ] ) |
Mycorrhiza, which comes from the Greek words myco meaning fungus and rhizo meaning root, refers to the association between vascular plant roots and their symbiotic fungi. | Mycorrhiza |
Acid rain is corrosive rain caused by rainwater falling to the ground through sulfur dioxide gas, turning it into weak sulfuric acid, which causes damage to aquatic ecosystems. | Acid rain |
Companion cells are found alongside the sieve - tube cells, providing them with metabolic support. | Companion cells |
Phytoplankton and floating Sargassum( a type of free - floating marine seaweed) provide a habitat for some sea life found in the neritic zone. | Sargassum |
Say ’s law is : “ Supply creates its own demand. ” As a matter of historical accuracy, it seems clear that Say never actually wrote down this law and that it oversimplifies his beliefs, but the law lives on as useful shorthand for summarizing a point of view. The intuition behind Say ’s law is that each time a good or service is produced and sold, it generates income that is earned for someone : a worker, a manager, an owner, or those who are workers, managers, and owners at firms that supply inputs along the chain of production. | Say ’s law |
This situation is called diseconomies of scale. | diseconomies of scale |
Gender refers to behaviors, personal traits, and social positions that society attributes to being female or male. | Gender |
Newton ’s first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or, if in motion, remains in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force. | Newton ’s first law of motion |
The National Credit Union Administration( NCUA) supervises credit unions, which are nonprofit banks owned and run by their members. | The National Credit Union Administration NCUA credit unions |
Dispersion is defined as the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths. | Dispersion |
The very top portion of the labor supply curve is called a backward - bending supply curve for labor, which is the situation of high - wage people who can earn so much that they respond to a still - higher wage by working fewer hours. | a backward - bending supply curve for labor |
An inferiority complex refers to a person ’s feelings that they lack worth and do n’t measure up to the standards of others or of society. | An inferiority complex |
The mantle( also known as the pallium) is the dorsal epidermis in mollusks ; shelled mollusks are specialized to secrete a chitinous and hard calcareous shell. | The mantle the pallium |
The cornea is the transparent covering over the eye. | The cornea |
What is going on here is storage decay : unused information tends to fade with the passage of time. | storage decay |
According to Friedman and Rosenman, these individuals exhibit Type A behavior pattern ; those who are more relaxed and laid - back were characterized as Type B. | Type A behavior pattern Type B |
The unique three - dimensional structure of a polypeptide is its tertiary structure. | tertiary structure |
Ion channel - linked receptors bind a ligand and open a channel through the membrane that allows specific ions to pass through. | Ion channel - linked receptors |
One very positive way is crowdsourcing. Thanks to the web, digital crowdsourcing is the process of obtaining needed services, ideas, or content by soliciting contributions from a large group of people, and especially from an online community rather than from traditional employees or suppliers. | digital crowdsourcing |
The renal cortex is granular due to the presence of nephrons — the functional unit of the kidney. | nephrons |
Many species respond to chemical messages, known as pheromones, sent by another individual( Wysocki & Preti, 2004). | pheromones |
The endocrine system controls the response of the various glands in the body and the release of hormones at the appropriate times. | The endocrine system |
Solar intensity is the amount of solar power or energy the sun emits in a given amount of time. | Solar intensity |
If an animal can conserve that heat and maintain a relatively constant body temperature, it is classified as a warm - blooded animal and called an endotherm. | a warm - blooded animal an endotherm |
That decision was overturned in 2003 in Lawrence v. Texas, which invalidated state laws that criminalized sodomy. Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558( 2003). | Lawrence v. Texas |
Intrapersonal topics( those that pertain to the individual) include emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition( the ways in which we think about ourselves and others). | Intrapersonal topics social cognition |
Most circuits have more than one component, called a resistor that limits the flow of charge in the circuit. | a resistor |
Reproductive isolation is the inability to interbreed. | Reproductive isolation |
Proteins that are needed for a specific function, or that are involved in the same biochemical pathway, are encoded together in blocks called operons. | operons |
Prokaryotes are single - celled or colonial organisms that do not have membrane - bound nuclei ; in contrast, the cells of eukaryotes do have membrane - bound organelles and a membrane - bound nucleus. | Prokaryotes eukaryotes |
Primary sexual characteristics are organs specifically needed for reproduction, like the uterus and ovaries in females and testes in males. | Primary sexual characteristics |
He also famously used a unilateral proclamation to issue the Emancipation Proclamation, which cited the military necessity of declaring millions of slaves in Confederate - controlled territory to be free. | the Emancipation Proclamation |
This space is referred to as the synovial( or joint) cavity and is filled with synovial fluid. | the synovial ( or joint ) cavity |
Also, Social Security is funded by payroll taxes, which are imposed on the income earned up to a certain amount — $ 117,000 in 2014. | payroll taxes |
That is, they are always slightly active even when not stimulated by light. | they |
Osteons are cylindrical structures that contain a mineral matrix and living osteocytes connected by canaliculi, which transport blood. | Osteons canaliculi |
Motivation describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal. | Motivation |
Tetrapod literally means “ four - footed, ” which refers to the phylogenetic history of various groups that evolved accordingly, even though some now possess fewer than two pairs of walking appendages. | Tetrapod |
The first permitted voters to enact legislation by petitioning to place an idea, or initiative, on the ballot. | The first |
If the fruit develops from a single carpel or fused carpels of a single ovary, it is known as a simple fruit, as seen in nuts and beans. | a simple fruit |
In facilitated transport, also called facilitated diffusion, materials diffuse across the plasma membrane with the help of membrane proteins. | facilitated transport facilitated diffusion |
Mass is the quantity of matter in a substance. | Mass |
Biofeedback is a technique that uses electronic equipment to accurately measure a person ’s neuromuscular and autonomic activity — feedback is provided in the form of visual or auditory signals. | Biofeedback |
These cohesive forces are related to water ’s property of adhesion, or the attraction between water molecules and other molecules. | adhesion |
Plants used in first - generation crosses were called P0, or parental generation one, plants. | P0 parental generation one , plants |
An innovation refers to an object or concept ’s initial appearance in society — it ’s innovative because it is markedly new. | An innovation |
New York was the first U.S. megalopolis, a huge urban corridor encompassing multiple cities and their surrounding suburbs. | megalopolis |
Given the extraordinary diversity of life on the planet there must be mechanisms for speciation : the formation of two species from one original species. | speciation |
For example, the Supreme Court has upheld the constitutionality of the death penalty, ruling that the Eighth Amendment does not prevent a person from being put to death for committing a capital crime and that the government may consider “ retribution and the possibility of deterrence ” when it seeks capital punishment for a crime that so warrants it. | the constitutionality of the death penalty |