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L-leucine is the L-enantiomer of leucine. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, a human metabolite, an algal metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a pyruvate family amino acid, a proteinogenic amino acid, a leucine and a L-alpha-amino acid. It is a conjugate base of a L-leucinium. It is a conjugate acid of a L-leucinate. It is an enantiomer of a D-leucine. It is a tautomer of a L-leucine zwitterion.

It is a natural product found in Angelica gigas, Angelica japonica, and other organisms with data available.

It is an alkaloid of the aporphine class that can be found in the boldo tree. It is the most abundant aporphine alkaloid found in Boldo. It is also found in Lindera aggregata.

It is a toxic diterpenoid alkaloid found in plants from the Delphinium (larkspur) and Atragene (a clematis) genera, both in the family Ranunculaceae. It is the principal alkaloid found in Delphinium staphisagria seeds – at one time, under the name stavesacre, a very well known herbal treatment for body lice. It is related in structure and has similar effects to aconitine, acting as an allosteric modulator of voltage gated sodium channels, and producing low blood pressure, slowed heart rate and abnormal heart rhythms. These effects make it highly poisonous ( 1.5–3.0 mg/kg in rabbit and dog; frogs are ~10x more susceptible). While it has been used in some alternative medicines (e.g. in herbal medicine), most of the medical community does not recommend using it due to its extreme toxicity.

It is a cyclopropanecarboxylate ester. It has a role as a pyrethroid ester insecticide. It is functionally related to a chrysanthemic acid.

It, sold under the brand name Hytrin among others, is a medication used to treat symptoms of an enlarged prostate and high blood pressure. For high blood pressure, it is a less preferred option. It is taken by mouth. Common side effects include dizziness, headache, tiredness, swelling, nausea, and low blood pressure with standing. Severe side effects may include priapism and low blood pressure. Prostate cancer should be ruled out before starting treatment. It is an alpha-1 blocker and works by relaxing blood vessels and the opening of the bladder. It was patented in 1975 and came into medical use in 1985. It is available as a generic medication. In 2021, it was the 234th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1million prescriptions.

It is a natural product found in Acronychia pubescens with data available.

It is a member of quinolines.

It is a benzodiazepine.

It is an azacycloalkane that consists of a six-membered ring containing two nitrogen atoms at opposite positions. It has a role as an anthelminthic drug. It is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent, an azacycloalkane and a member of piperazines. It is a conjugate base of a piperazinium(2+).

4-Methyl-3-penten-2-one, 9CI is an olefinic compound. It is functionally related to an acrylic acid.

It is a member of the class of N-arylpiperazines that is N-phenylpiperazine in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group (the S-enantiomer). A peripherally acting antitussive drug that is used as an alternative to opioids. It has a role as an antitussive. It is a N-alkylpiperazine, a N-arylpiperazine and a secondary alcohol.

It is a cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum. It has a role as a GABA reuptake inhibitor, a plant metabolite, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antidepressant, an antibacterial agent, an antineoplastic agent and an apoptosis inducer. It is a cyclic terpene ketone, a sesquarterpenoid and a carbobicyclic compound.

It is a member of phenothiazines.

It is a biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension. It has a role as an antihypertensive agent, an angiotensin receptor antagonist, an environmental contaminant and a xenobiotic. It is a biphenylyltetrazole and an azaspiro compound.

It is a hydroxyflavonoid.

(S)-It, also known as (S)-tetrahydroberberine and xanthopuccine, is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA), of the protoberberine structural subgroup, and is present in many plants from the family Papaveraceae, such as Corydalis yanhusuo and C. turtschaninovii.

It is a chemical compound with the formula and structure , which exists as a tautomer with isothiocyanic acid (). The isothiocyanic acid tautomer tends to dominate with the compound being about 95% isothiocyanic acid in the vapor phase. It is a moderately strong acid, with a pK of 1.1 at 20 °C and extrapolated to zero ionic strength. One of the thiocyanic acid tautomers, HSCN, is predicted to have a triple bond between carbon and nitrogen. It has been observed spectroscopically. The salts and esters of thiocyanic acid are known as thiocyanates. The salts are composed of the thiocyanate ion () and a suitable cation (e.g., potassium thiocyanate, KSCN). The esters of thiocyanic acid have the general structure , where R stands for an organyl group. Isothiocyanic acid, HNCS, is a Lewis acid whose free energy, enthalpy and entropy changes for its 1:1 association with a variety of Lewis bases in carbon tetrachloride solution at 25 °C have been reported. HNCS acceptor properties are discussed in the ECW model. The salts are composed of the thiocyanate ion () and a suitable cation (e.g., ammonium thiocyanate, ). Isothiocyanic acid forms isothiocyanates , where R stands for an organyl group.

It, sold under the brand name Campral, is a medication which reduces alcoholism cravings. It is thought to stabilize chemical signaling in the brain that would otherwise be disrupted by alcohol withdrawal. When used alone, acamprosate is not an effective therapy for alcohol use disorder in most individuals, as it only addresses withdrawal symptoms and not psychological dependence. It facilitates a reduction in alcohol consumption as well as full abstinence when used in combination with psychosocial support or other drugs that address the addictive behavior. Serious side effects include allergic reactions, abnormal heart rhythms, and low or high blood pressure, while less serious side effects include headaches, insomnia, and impotence. Diarrhea is the most common side-effect. It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

It is a pinane monoterpenoid that is a bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane substituted by two methyl groups at position 6, a methylidene group at position 2 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It has a role as a GABA modulator, a plant metabolite, a volatile oil component and a mouse metabolite. It is a pinane monoterpenoid, a secondary alcohol and a carbobicyclic compound.

It is a monocarboxylic acid that is isobutyric acid substituted at position 2 by a p-chlorophenoxy group. It is a metabolite of the drug clofibrate. It has a role as an anticholesteremic drug, an antilipemic drug, a PPARalpha agonist, an antineoplastic agent, a marine xenobiotic metabolite and a herbicide. It is a monocarboxylic acid, an aromatic ether and a member of monochlorobenzenes. It is functionally related to an isobutyric acid.

It is an anthocyanin cation that is cyanidin(1+) carrying two beta-D-glucosyl residues at positions 3 and 5. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an anthocyanin cation and a beta-D-glucoside. It is functionally related to a cyanidin cation. It is a conjugate acid of a cyanin betaine.

It is a natural product found in Nicotiana tabacum, Coffea arabica, and Daphnia magna with data available.

It is a natural product found in Nandina domestica, Ocotea lancifolia, and other organisms with data available.

It (Silicane) is an inorganic compound with chemical formula . It is a colourless, pyrophoric, toxic gas with a sharp, repulsive, pungent smell, somewhat similar to that of acetic acid. It is of practical interest as a precursor to elemental silicon. It with alkyl groups are effective water repellents for mineral surfaces such as concrete and masonry. Its with both organic and inorganic attachments are used as coupling agents. They are commonly used to apply coatings to surfaces or as an adhesion promoter.

It is an aralkylamino compound. It is functionally related to a vanillyl alcohol. It is a conjugate base of a vanillylamine(1+).

It is an acetate ester that is uracil in which the three hydroxy hydrogens are replaced by acetate group. A prodrug for uridine, it is used for the treatment of hereditary orotic aciduria and for management of fluorouracil toxicity. It has a role as a prodrug, a neuroprotective agent and an orphan drug. It is a member of uridines and an acetate ester.

It, sold under the brand name Adriamycin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. This includes breast cancer, bladder cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. It is often used together with other chemotherapy agents. It is given by injection into a vein. Common side effects include hair loss, bone marrow suppression, vomiting, rash, and inflammation of the mouth. Other serious side effects may include allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, heart damage, tissue damage at the site of injection, radiation recall, and treatment-related leukemia. People often experience red discoloration of the urine for a few days. It is in the anthracycline and antitumor antibiotic family of medications. It works in part by interfering with the function of DNA. It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1974. It is on the World Health Organizations List of Essential Medicines. Versions that are pegylated and in liposomes are also available; however, they are more expensive. It was originally made from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius'.

It is a member of quinolines, a quinolone antibiotic and a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.

It is a quinolone antibiotic. It is sold under the brand names, Ruflox, Monos, Qari, Tebraxin, Uroflox, Uroclar.

It is a propenol in which the C=C bond connects C-2 and C-3. It is has been found in garlic (Allium sativum). Formerly used as a herbicide for the control of various grass and weed seeds. It has a role as an insecticide, a herbicide, an antibacterial agent, a fungicide and a plant metabolite. It is a primary allylic alcohol and a propenol.

It (NSC 655649) is a weak topoisomerase I inhibitor isolated from Nocardia sp. It is structurally similar to staurosporine, but does not show any inhibitory activity against protein kinases. It shows significant antitumor properties in vitro (IC=480nM against mouse B16 melanoma cells and IC=500nM against P388 leukemia cells). It is an antineoplastic antibiotic and an intercalating agent. Becatecarin (BMS-181176) is a synthetic analog of rebeccamycin. It and becatecarin have been tested in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, lymphoma, retinoblastoma, kidney cancer, and ovarian cancer.

It is a pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis. It has a role as an antiviral drug, an antimetabolite, an EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor and an antineoplastic agent. It is a nucleoside analogue, an organofluorine compound and a pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside.

It is a alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of an acrylate.

It is an azane and a member of hydrazines. It has a role as an EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor. It is a conjugate base of a hydrazinium(1+). It is a conjugate acid of a hydrazinide.

It is a member of piperidines. It has a role as a cardiovascular drug.

(R)-prunasin is a prunasin.

It is a N-alkylpyrrolidine.

It is an antioxidant bioflavonoid (specifically a flavanonol, a category of flavonol) that inhibits peroxidation of low density lipoprotein and it has electron donor properties reducing alpha-tocopherol radicals. It is present in sunflower honey. It is biosynthesized from pinocembrin.

It is a natural product found in Coffea arabica with data available.

It is an inorganic nitrate salt of barium. It is an inorganic barium salt and an inorganic nitrate salt.

It is a nitrogen hydride.

It is cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (S configuration). It occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a cinchona alkaloid and an (8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol. It derives from a hydride of a cinchonan.

It is an alkaloid found in Cinchona officinalis. It is used in asymmetric synthesis in organic chemistry. It is a stereoisomer and pseudo-enantiomer of cinchonidine. It is structurally similar to quinine, an antimalarial drug. It is a GLP-1 receptor agonist and therefore has potential as a possible treatment for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

It is a deoxy sugar and amino sugar of the hexosamine class. It is a component of the anthracycline class of antineoplastics, linked to a derivative of naphthacene. It is a component of birch juice. The compound is soluble in water and responds with polymers like cellulose and lignin if it is in excess, so collection of birch juice is very helpful for the birch tree. The dnrQ gene is required for the synthesis of daunosamine.

It is a member of quinazolines, a member of piperazines, a member of furans and a primary amino compound. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an antihypertensive agent and an alpha-adrenergic antagonist.

It is an alkaloid found in egg yolk, brain, bile and in cadavers. It is formed during putrefaction of biological tissues by the dehydration of choline. It is a poisonous, syrupy liquid with a fishy odor. It is a quaternary ammonium salt with three methyl groups and one vinyl group attached to the nitrogen atom. Synthetically, neurine can be prepared by the reaction of acetylene with trimethylamine. It is unstable and decomposes readily to form trimethylamine.

(S)-amphetamine is a 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration. It has a role as a neurotoxin, an adrenergic uptake inhibitor, a dopaminergic agent, a sympathomimetic agent, a dopamine uptake inhibitor and an adrenergic agent. It is an enantiomer of a (R)-amphetamine.

It is a branched, long-chain saturated fatty acid composed of pentadecanoic acid having methyl substituents at the 2-, 6-, 10- and 14-positions. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a branched-chain saturated fatty acid, a long-chain fatty acid and a methyl-branched fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a pristanate.

It is a natural product found in Ricinus communis with data available.

It is a cycloalkadiene.

It is an organic compound with the formula CH. It is often abbreviated CpH because the cyclopentadienyl anion is abbreviated Cp. This colorless liquid has a strong and unpleasant odor. At room temperature, this cyclic diene dimerizes over the course of hours to give dicyclopentadiene via a Diels–Alder reaction. This dimer can be restored by heating to give the monomer. The compound is mainly used for the production of cyclopentene and its derivatives. It is popularly used as a precursor to the cyclopentadienyl anion (Cp), an important ligand in cyclopentadienyl complexes in organometallic chemistry.

It refers to organic compounds with the formula . It occurs naturally and is classified as three-carbon sugar acid. It is chiral. Salts and esters of glyceric acid are known as glycerates.

It is an indole diterpene alkaloid with formula C27H33NO4 isolated from Penicillium paxilli. It is a potent inhibitor of large conductance Ca2(+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK)-type channels. It has a role as a mycotoxin, a Penicillium metabolite, an anticonvulsant, an Aspergillus metabolite, a potassium channel blocker, a genotoxin, a geroprotector and an EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor. It is an organic heterohexacyclic compound, a tertiary alcohol, a terpenoid indole alkaloid, an enone and a diterpene alkaloid.

It is an antioxidant bioflavonoid (specifically a flavanonol, a category of flavonol) that inhibits peroxidation of low density lipoprotein and it has electron donor properties reducing alpha-tocopherol radicals. It is present in sunflower honey. It is biosynthesized from pinocembrin.

It is a member of barbiturates.

It is a medication used to reduce pressure inside the eye and treat dry mouth. As an eye drop it is used to manage angle closure glaucoma until surgery can be performed, ocular hypertension, primary open angle glaucoma, and to constrict the pupil after dilation. However, due to its side effects it is no longer typically used for long-term management. Onset of effects with the drops is typically within an hour and lasts for up to a day. By mouth it is used for dry mouth as a result of Sjögren syndrome or radiation therapy. Common side effects of the eye drops include irritation of the eye, increased tearing, headache, and blurry vision. Other side effects include allergic reactions and retinal detachment. Use is generally not recommended during pregnancy. It is in the miotics family of medication. It works by activating cholinergic receptors of the muscarinic type which cause the trabecular meshwork to open and the aqueous humor to drain from the eye. It was isolated in 1874 by Hardy and Gerrard and has been used to treat glaucoma for more than 100 years. It is on the World Health Organizations List of Essential Medicines. It was originally made from the South American plant Pilocarpus'.

It is a member of the class of phenylureas that is urea substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group at positions 1 and 3 respectively. It has a role as a disinfectant, an antiseptic drug, an antimicrobial agent, an environmental contaminant and a xenobiotic. It is a dichlorobenzene, a member of monochlorobenzenes and a member of phenylureas. It is functionally related to a 1,3-diphenylurea.

It is a natural product found in Fagopyrum esculentum, Nicotiana tabacum, and Vitis vinifera with data available.

It, sold under the brand name Proviron among others, is an androgen and anabolic steroid (AAS) medication which is used mainly in the treatment of low testosterone levels. It has also been used to treat male infertility, although this use is controversial. It is taken by mouth. Side effects of mesterolone include symptoms of masculinization like acne, scalp hair loss, increased body hair growth, voice changes, and increased sexual desire. It has no risk of liver damage. The drug is a synthetic androgen and anabolic steroid and hence is an agonist of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It has strong androgenic effects and weak anabolic effects, which make it useful for producing masculinization. The drug has no estrogenic effects. It was first described by 1966 and introduced for medical use by 1967. In addition to its medical use, mesterolone has been used to improve physique and performance, although it is not commonly used for such purposes due to its weak anabolic effects. The drug is a controlled substance in many countries and so non-medical use is generally illicit.

It, better known in the United States under the brand name Kepone, is an organochlorine compound and a colourless solid. It is an obsolete insecticide, now prohibited in the western world, but only after many thousands of tonnes had been produced and used. It is a known persistent organic pollutant (POP) that was banned globally by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in 2009.

It is a natural product found in Trichoderma harzianum with data available.

It is an anilide and a member of acetamides.

It (symbol Gly or G; ) is an amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain. It is the simplest stable amino acid (carbamic acid is unstable). In the gas phase, it is a molecule with the chemical formula NH‐CH‐COOH. In solution or in the solid, glycine exists as the zwitterion. It is one of the proteinogenic amino acids. It is encoded by all the codons starting with GG (GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG). It is integral to the formation of alpha-helices in secondary protein structure due to the "flexibility" caused by such a small R group. It is also an inhibitory neurotransmitter – interference with its release within the spinal cord (such as during a Clostridium tetani infection) can cause spastic paralysis due to uninhibited muscle contraction. It is the only achiral proteinogenic amino acid. It can fit into hydrophilic or hydrophobic environments, due to its minimal side chain of only one hydrogen atom.

2,2,5,5-tetramethyltetrahydrofuran (TMTHF) or 2,2,5,5-tetramethyloxolane (TMO) is a heterocyclic compound with the formula , or (CH)(C(CH)OC)(CH). It can be seen as derivative of tetrahydrofuran (oxolane) with four methyl groups replacing four hydrogen atoms on each of the carbon atoms in the ring that are adjacent to the oxygen. The absence of hydrogen atoms adjacent to the oxygen means that TMTHF (TMO) does not form peroxides, unlike other common ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether and CPME. The compound has been demonstrated as a non-polar solvent in research chemistry, having similar properties to toluene and as a reagent in chemical synthesis.

It and its precursor limonene are naturally occurring monocyclic terpenes derived from the mevalonate pathway in plants. It can be found in the essential oils of various plants, such as lavender, lemongrass, sage, and peppermint. It has a number of manufacturing, household, and medical applications. For example, perillyl alcohol may be used as an ingredient in cleaning products and cosmetics. It has shown some antitumor activity in laboratory and animal studies. Perillyl Alcohol decrease production of proangiogenic growth factors VEGF and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in vitro. Mammals possess enzymes (P450, liver) to convert limonene to It. Limonene is formed from geranyl pyrophosphate in the mevalonate pathway. Conversion of limonene to perillyl alcohol is done via hydroxylation by enzymes that belong to the superfamily of cytochrome P450 proteins. It can be further converted to perillaldehyde (perillyl aldehyde) and perillic acid. The name comes from the herb perilla.

It is a natural product originally isolated from Streptomyces rimosus, which is a nucleoside analogue. It acts as an inhibitor of protein kinase C. It has antibiotic, antiviral and anti-cancer properties and has been investigated for various medical applications, though never approved for clinical use itself. However, a number of related derivatives continue to be researched. Oyagen, a biotechnology company, has been developing sangivamycin or OYA1, which showed efficacy against Ebola infections, as a broad spectrum antiviral for COVID-19. Tonix Pharmaceuticals licensed OYA1 from Oyagen in April 2021 to develop it for the treatment of COVID-19 and it is now called TNX-3500.

It is an individual chemical specimen - a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound - as well as the name of a family of many thousands of natural plant alkaloids, any one of which might be referred to as "an isoquinoline". It is a structural isomer of quinoline. It and quinoline are benzopyridines, which are composed of a benzene ring fused to a pyridine ring. In a broader sense, the term isoquinoline is used to make reference to isoquinoline derivatives. 1-Benzylisoquinoline is the structural backbone in many naturally occurring alkaloids such as papaverine. The isoquinoline ring in these natural compound derives from the aromatic amino acid tyrosine.

It, sold under the brand name Lotrimin, among others, is an antifungal medication. It is used to treat vaginal yeast infections, oral thrush, diaper rash, tinea versicolor, and types of ringworm including athlete's foot and jock itch. It can be taken by mouth or applied as a cream to the skin or in the vagina. Common side effects when taken by mouth include nausea and itchiness. When applied to the skin, common side effects include redness and a burning sensation. In pregnancy, use on the skin or in the vagina is believed to be safe. There is no evidence of harm when used by mouth during pregnancy but this has been less well studied. When used by mouth, greater care should be taken in those with liver problems. It is in the azole class of medications and works by disrupting the fungal cell membrane. It was discovered in 1969. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. In 2021, it was the 273rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 900,000 prescriptions.

It (brand name Eutonyl) is an irreversible selective monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor drug (IC for MAO-A is 11.52 nM and for MAO-B is 8.20 nM) It was brought to market in the US and the UK by Abbott in 1963 as an antihypertensive drug branded "Eutonyl". It was one of several MAO inhibitors introduced in the 1960s including nialamide, isocarboxazid, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine. By 2007 the drug was discontinued and as of 2014 there were no generic versions available in the US. In addition to its actions as an MAOI, pargyline has been found to bind with high affinity to the I imidazoline receptor (an allosteric site on the MAO enzyme).

It is a pyridine-derived alkaloid. Originally isolated in 1944 from Gentiana kirilowi, it has also been found in Gentiana macrophylla, fenugreek, Strychnos angolensis, Strychnos xantha, and other plants. It is a crystalline solid with a melting point of 82-83 °C. It is a base that forms salts, such as the hydrochloride salt, upon treatment with acids. It has been studied for its potential anti-inflammatory properties.

It is an antibacterial drug of the sulfonamide group. It has a relatively broad effect against gram-positive cocci but not against enterobacteria. One of the earliest antimicrobial drugs, it was widely used in the mid-20th century but is little used today because better options now exist. The discovery and development of this first sulfonamide drug opened a new era in medicine, because it greatly widened the success of antimicrobial chemotherapy in an era when many physicians doubted its still largely untapped potential. At the time, disinfectant cleaners and topical antiseptic wound care were widely used but there were very few antimicrobial drugs to use safely inside living bodies. Antibiotic drugs derived from microbes, which we rely on heavily today, did not yet exist. It was discovered in 1932 by a research team at the Bayer Laboratories of the IG Farben conglomerate in Germany led by Gerhard Domagk. Domagk received the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for that discovery.

It is a member of phenazines.

It (MGO) is the organic compound with the formula CHC(O)CHO. It is a reduced derivative of pyruvic acid. It is a reactive compound that is implicated in the biology of diabetes. It is produced industrially by degradation of carbohydrates using overexpressed methylglyoxal synthase.

It is a fluorocarbon and a fluoroalkane. It derives from a hydride of an octane.

It is a natural product found in Aloe africana, Malpighia emarginata, and other organisms with data available.

It, POA, is a white solid with the formula of CHO. Although not itself usefully active as an herbicide, it forms the part-structure of many phenoxy herbicide derivatives including MCPA and 2,4-D.

It is a dibenzazecine alkaloid isolated from Fumaria vaillantii. It has a role as a plant metabolite.

It, sold under the brand name Baytril, among others, is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used for the treatment of animals. It is a bactericidal agent. The bactericidal activity of enrofloxacin is concentration-dependent, with susceptible bacteria cell death occurring within 20–30 minutes of exposure. It has demonstrated a significant post-antibiotic effect for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and is active in both stationary and growth phases of bacterial replication. It is partially deethylated by CYP450 into the active metabolite ciprofloxacin, which is also a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. In September 2005, the FDA withdrew approval of enrofloxacin for use in water to treat flocks of poultry, as the practice was noted to promote the evolution of fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of the bacterium Campylobacter, a human pathogen. It is available as a fixed-dose combination medication with silver sulfadiazine for the treatment of canine otitis externa. It is available as a generic medication.

It (also known as enterochelin) is a high affinity siderophore that acquires iron for microbial systems. It is primarily found in Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. It is the strongest siderophore known, binding to the ferric ion (Fe) with affinity K = 10 M. This value is substantially larger than even some synthetic metal chelators, such as EDTA (K ~ 10 M). Due to its high affinity, enterobactin is capable of chelating even in environments where the concentration of ferric ion is held very low, such as within living organisms. Pathogenic bacteria can steal iron from other living organisms using this mechanism, even though the concentration of iron is kept extremely low due to the toxicity of free iron.

It is an aromatic hydrazine-derivative mycotoxin in mushroom species of the genus Agaricus. It is an α-aminoacid and a derivative of phenylhydrazine.

It is a selenium oxoacid.

It is a competitive GABA and glycine receptor antagonist. It has been used to study insect and snail nervous systems in scientific research.

It is an azacycloalkane that is cyclohexane in which one of the carbons is replaced by a nitrogen. It is a metabolite of cadaverine, a polyamine found in the human intestine. It has a role as a reagent, a protic solvent, a base, a catalyst, a plant metabolite, a human metabolite and a non-polar solvent. It is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent, an azacycloalkane, a secondary amine and a member of piperidines. It is a conjugate base of a piperidinium.

It is an organic molecular entity.

It, sold under the brand name Lexiscan among others, is an A adenosine receptor agonist that is a coronary vasodilator that is commonly used in pharmacologic stress testing. It produces hyperemia quickly and maintains it for a duration that is useful for radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging. The selective nature of the drug makes it preferable to other stress agents such as adenosine, which are less selective and therefore cause more side-effects. It was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration on April 10, 2008, and is marketed by Astellas Pharma under the tradename Lexiscan. It is approved for use in the European Union and under the name of Rapiscan. It is marketed by GE Healthcare and is sold in both the United Kingdom and Germany. It was approved for use in the European Union in September 2010. It is available as a generic medication. It has a two- to three-minute biological half-life, as compared with adenosine's ten-second half-life. As a result, regadenoson stress protocols use a single bolus, instead of the four- to six-minute continuous infusion that was needed with adenosine. Whereas the adenosine infusion is weight based (140 mcg/kg/minute), regadenoson is administered as a 0.4 mg/5mL preloaded syringe dose that is standard for all weights. It stress tests are not affected by the presence of beta blockers, as regadenoson vasodilates via the adenosine pathway without stimulating beta adrenergic receptors. It can temporarily disrupt the integrity of the blood–brain barrier by inhibiting P-glycoprotein function.

It is a dicarboxylic acid diamide of oxalic acid. It is functionally related to an oxalic acid.

It is an alkyllithium compound.

It (or homovitexin, saponaretin) is a flavone, namely the apigenin-6-C-glucoside. In this case, the prefix iso does not imply an isoflavonoid (the position of the B-ring on the C-ring), but the position of the glucoside on the flavone, in comparison to vitexin.

It, sold under the brand names Sectral among others, is a beta blocker for the treatment of hypertension and arrhythmias. It is a cardioselective beta-1 blocker and has intrinsic sympathetic activity. It is commonly used in the treatment of angina. It was patented in 1967 and approved for medical use in 1973.

It is a heterocyclic organic compound, consisting of a five-membered aromatic ring with four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom. Chemical compounds containing such rings are also referred to as furans. It is a colorless, flammable, highly volatile liquid with a boiling point close to room temperature. It is soluble in common organic solvents, including alcohol, ether, and acetone, and is slightly soluble in water. Its odor is "strong, ethereal; chloroform-like". It is toxic and may be carcinogenic in humans. It is used as a starting point for other speciality chemicals.

It is a diterpene.

It is a natural product found in Streptomyces jumonjinensis, Streptomyces albidoflavus, and other organisms with data available.

It, formerly called ostracitoxin, is a neurotoxin present in the mucous secretions of boxfish (Ostraciidae) skin, while under stress. It is an ichthyotoxic, hemolytic, nonpeptide (which is relatively unusual, although similar to tetrodotoxin in this way) toxin. It is heat-stable and non-dialyzable, that is, foamed in aqueous solutions, and is toxic to various biological systems. It is unique among known fish poisons. It is toxic to other boxfish as well and looks like red tide and sea cucumber toxins in general properties. Although it is not recommended, it is a growing trend to keep boxfish in a home aquarium. Members of the family Ostraciidae secrete an ichthyotoxic mucus from their skin when stressed or disturbed. The boxfish must be alive to synthesize its bodily chemicals into the toxin, therefore it cannot release its toxin after it dies. It may, however, have residual toxin if it were in the process of releasing toxin when it died.

It, also known as gestronol hexanoate or norhydroxyprogesterone caproate and sold under the brand names Depostat and Primostat, is a progestin medication which is used in the treatment of enlarged prostate and cancer of the endometrium. It is given by injection into muscle typically once a week. Side effects of gestonorone caproate include worsened glucose tolerance, decreased libido in men, and injection site reactions. It is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. It has no other important hormonal activity. It was discovered in 1960 and was introduced for medical use by 1973. It has been used widely throughout Europe, including in the United Kingdom, and has also been marketed in certain other countries such as Japan, China, and Mexico. However, it has since mostly been discontinued, and it remains available today only in a handful of countries, including the Czech Republic, Japan, Mexico, and Russia.

It is a carbocyclic fatty acid composed of heptanoic acid having a (1S,2S)-2-octylcyclopentyl substituent at position 7. It is a saturated fatty acid, a carbocyclic fatty acid and a long-chain fatty acid.

It is a dinitrile that is benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile substituted by four chloro groups. A non-systemic fungicide first introduced in the 1960s, it is used to control a range of diseases in a wide variety of crops. It has a role as an antifungal agrochemical. It is a dinitrile, a tetrachlorobenzene and an aromatic fungicide. It is functionally related to an isophthalonitrile.

It is an alkaloid.

It is a thiochromane.

It is an isoquinoline alkaloid which was discovered in 1851 by Alfred P. Durand. Hydrolysis of hydrastine yields hydrastinine, which was patented by Bayer as a haemostatic drug during the 1910s. It is present in Hydrastis canadensis (thus the name) and other plants of the family Ranunculaceae.

It is a stilbenoid.

It (PeCB) is an aryl chloride and a five-substituted chlorobenzene with the molecular formula CHCl which is a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon. It consists of a benzene ring substituted with five chlorine atoms. PeCB was once used industrially for a variety of uses, but because of environmental concerns there are currently no large scale uses of PeCB. It is a known persistent organic pollutant (POP) and banned globally by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in 2009.

It is a member of the 3-deoxyanthocyanidins. It is a cation with ill-defined anions. This orange species that can be found in Sorghum bicolor. It was shown to inhibit CD38 with relatively high potency compared with previously used inhibitors

It is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery. It has a role as an antimicrobial agent, a photosensitizing agent and an antitubercular agent. It is a quinolone, a N-arylpiperazine, a quinolinemonocarboxylic acid, a quinolone antibiotic and a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.

It is an antibiotic medication used to treat a number of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, endocarditis, brucellosis, Burkholderia infection, plague, tularemia, and rat bite fever. For active tuberculosis it is often given together with isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide. It is administered by injection into a vein or muscle. Common side effects include vertigo, vomiting, numbness of the face, fever, and rash. Use during pregnancy may result in permanent deafness in the developing baby. Use appears to be safe while breastfeeding. It is not recommended in people with myasthenia gravis or other neuromuscular disorders. It is an aminoglycoside. It works by blocking the ability of 30S ribosomal subunits to make proteins, which results in bacterial death. Albert Schatz first isolated streptomycin in 1943 from Streptomyces griseus. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The World Health Organization classifies it as critically important for human medicine.

It is a natural product found in Lyngbya majuscula, Senecio, and other organisms with data available.

It is a penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain. It has a role as an antibacterial drug. It is a penicillin and a penicillin allergen. It is a conjugate acid of a flucloxacillin(1-).

It is an anilide that consists of 2-chloroacetanilide bearing an N-isopropyl substituent. It has a role as a herbicide, an environmental contaminant and a xenobiotic. It is an anilide, an organochlorine compound and a monocarboxylic acid amide.

It is a member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 2-aminobenzimidazole in which the primary amino group is substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group. A fungicide, carbendazim controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables. It has a role as an antinematodal drug, a metabolite, a microtubule-destabilising agent and an antifungal agrochemical. It is a carbamate ester, a member of benzimidazoles, a benzimidazole fungicide and a benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide. It is functionally related to a 2-aminobenzimidazole.

It is a member of benzamides.

It is an organic heterobicyclic compound that is the octahydro derivative of 2H-quinolizine. The parent of the class of quinolizidines.

It (INN; the anion is called neridronate) is a bisphosphonate. In Italy it is used to treat Osteogenesis imperfecta and Paget's disease of bone. A 2013 clinical trial suggests CRPS Type I (Complex regional pain syndrome) responds to treatment with intravenous neridronate.

It (INN; the anion is called neridronate) is a bisphosphonate. In Italy it is used to treat Osteogenesis imperfecta and Paget's disease of bone. A 2013 clinical trial suggests CRPS Type I (Complex regional pain syndrome) responds to treatment with intravenous neridronate.

3-hydroxyaspartic acid is a hydroxy-amino acid that is aspartic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is a hydroxy-amino acid, an amino dicarboxylic acid, a C4-dicarboxylic acid and an aspartic acid derivative.

It is a diarylmethane.

It is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid.

All-trans-retinoic acid is a retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. It has a role as a keratolytic drug, an antineoplastic agent, an antioxidant, a signalling molecule, a retinoid X receptor agonist, an anti-inflammatory agent, an AP-1 antagonist, a retinoic acid receptor agonist and a human metabolite. It is a retinoic acid and a vitamin A. It is a conjugate acid of an all-trans-retinoate.

It (symbol U or Urd) is a glycosylated pyrimidine analog containing uracil attached to a ribose ring (or more specifically, a ribofuranose) via a β-N-glycosidic bond. The analog is one of the five standard nucleosides which make up nucleic acids, the others being adenosine, thymidine, cytidine and guanosine. The five nucleosides are commonly abbreviated to their symbols, U, A, dT, C, and G, respectively. However, thymidine is more commonly written as dT (d represents deoxy) as it contains a 2'-deoxyribofuranose moiety rather than the ribofuranose ring found in uridine. This is because thymidine is found in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and usually not in ribonucleic acid (RNA). Conversely, uridine is found in RNA and not DNA. The remaining three nucleosides may be found in both RNA and DNA. In RNA, they would be represented as A, C and G whereas in DNA they would be represented as dA, dC and dG.

It is a naturally occurring psychoactive substance found in plants in the family Apocynaceae such as Tabernanthe iboga, Voacanga africana, and Tabernaemontana undulata. It is a psychedelic with dissociative properties. During an eighteen year timeline, a total of 19 fatalities temporally associated with the ingestion of ibogaine were reported, from which six subjects died of acute heart failure or cardiopulmonary arrest. Its prohibition in many countries has slowed scientific research. Various derivatives of ibogaine designed to lack psychedelic properties (such as 18-MC) are under preliminary research. The psychoactivity of the root bark of the iboga tree (Tabernanthe iboga), from which ibogaine is extracted, was first discovered by the Pygmy tribes of Central Africa, who passed the knowledge to the Bwiti tribe of Gabon. French explorers in turn learned of it from the Bwiti tribe and brought ibogaine back to Europe in 1899–1900, where it was subsequently marketed in France as a stimulant under the trade name Lambarène. Although ibogaine's anti-addictive properties were first widely promoted in 1962 by Howard Lotsof, its Western medical use predates that by at least a century. It is an indole alkaloid obtained either by extraction from the iboga plant or by semi-synthesis from the precursor compound voacangine, another plant alkaloid. The total synthesis of ibogaine was described in 1956. Structural elucidation by X-ray crystallography was completed in 1960.

It is a member of the class of imidazolines that is 2-aminomethyl-2-imidazoline in which the exocyclic amino hydrogens are replaced by benzyl and phenyl groups. It is only found in individuals that have taken the drug. It has a role as a H1-receptor antagonist, a cholinergic antagonist and a xenobiotic. It is a tertiary amino compound, an aromatic amine and a member of imidazolines.

It (AM) is a small molecule allyl derivative and an organosulfur compound derived from garlic and a few other genus Allium plants. Its formula is CHS. It has been shown to be the most effective HDAC inhibitor of known garlic-derived organosulfur compounds and their metabolites.

It, is an alkaloid closely related to strychnine, most commonly found in the Strychnos nux-vomica tree. It poisoning is rare, since it is usually ingested with strychnine, and strychnine is more toxic than brucine. In synthetic chemistry, it can be used as a tool for stereospecific chemical syntheses. It is named from the genus Brucea, named after James Bruce who brought back Brucea antidysenterica from Ethiopia.

It is an antibiotic and antitumor agent with the molecular formula CHO which is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces roseofulvus. It is a selective inhibitor of glutaredoxin 3 and peroxiredoxin 1.

It is an injectable antibiotic of the cephamycin type for prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections. It is often grouped together with second-generation cephalosporins and has a similar antibacterial spectrum, but with additional anti-anaerobe coverage. It was developed by Yamanouchi. It is marketed outside Japan by AstraZeneca with the brand names Apatef and Cefotan.

It is an azaarene that is anthracene in which the carbon atoms at positions 9 and 10 are replaced by nitrogen atoms. It is a mancude organic heterotricyclic parent, a heteranthrene, a polycyclic heteroarene, a member of phenazines and an azaarene.

2-chlorobenzoic acid is a monochlorobenzoic acid having the chloro group at the 2-position. It has a role as a plant hormone and a plant metabolite. It is a monochlorobenzoic acid and a 2-halobenzoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 2-chlorobenzoate.

It, formerly called amfebutamone, and sold under the brand name Wellbutrin among others, is an atypical antidepressant primarily used to treat major depressive disorder and to support smoking cessation. It is also popular as an add-on medication in the cases of "incomplete response" to the first-line selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant. It has several features that distinguish it from other antidepressants: it does not usually cause sexual dysfunction, it is not associated with weight gain and sleepiness, and it is more effective than SSRIs at improving symptoms of hypersomnia and fatigue. It, particularly the immediate release formulation, carries a higher risk of seizure than many other antidepressants, hence caution is recommended in patients with a history of seizure disorder. Common adverse effects of bupropion with the greatest difference from placebo are dry mouth, nausea, constipation, insomnia, anxiety, tremor, and excessive sweating. Raised blood pressure is notable. Rare but serious side effects include seizures, liver toxicity, psychosis, and risk of overdose. It use during pregnancy may be associated with increased odds of congenital heart defects. It acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) and a nicotinic receptor antagonist. However, its effects on dopamine are weak and clinical significance is contentious. Chemically, bupropion is an aminoketone that belongs to the class of substituted cathinones and more generally that of substituted amphetamines and substituted phenethylamines. It was invented by Nariman Mehta, who worked at Burroughs Wellcome, in 1969. It was first approved for medical use in the United States in 1985. It was originally called by the generic name amfebutamone, before being renamed in 2000. In 2021, it was the eighteenth most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 29million prescriptions. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

It is a natural product found in Uvaria chamae with data available.

It is an organic molecular entity.

It is a berberine alkaloid and an organic heterotetracyclic compound. It has a role as a plant metabolite.

It is the ethyl ester of prop-2-ynoic acid. It is a ynoate ester, a terminal acetylenic compound and an ethyl ester.

It is an oxo steroid.

It is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum. It has a role as a vasodilator agent and an antispasmodic drug. It is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, a member of isoquinolines and a dimethoxybenzene.

It is a high affinity inverse agonist (also referred to as a beta blocker) of the β-adrenergic receptor.

It is a heteroarene and an aromatic amide.

It is a straight-chain alkane with 12 carbon atoms. It has been isolated from the essential oils of various plants including Zingiber officinale (ginger). It has a role as a plant metabolite.

It is a terminal acetylenic compound, a gas molecular entity and an alkyne.

It or beta-dihydroergocryptine is a dopamine agonist of the ergoline class. It constitutes one third of the mixture known as dihydroergocryptine, the other two thirds consisting of alpha-dihydroergocryptine. The alpha differs from the beta form only in the position of a single methyl group, which is a consequence of the biosynthesis in which the proteinogenic amino acid isoleucine is replaced by leucine.

It is an ethyl sulfide compound having two ethyl groups attached to a sulfur atom.

It is a piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of isonipecotic acid in which the hydrogen alpha- to the carboxyl group is substituted by a phenyl group, and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl group. It has a role as an opioid analgesic and an opioid receptor agonist. It is a piperidinecarboxylate ester, a substituted aniline and an ethyl ester. It is functionally related to a N-[2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl]-4-phenylisonipecotic acid. It is a conjugate base of an anileridine(2+).

It is a member of indoles.

It is an ammonium salt composed of ammonium and molybdate ions in a 2:1 ratio. It has a role as a poison. It contains a molybdate.

It, also known more commonly as dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide (DHPA) and sold under the brand names Perlutal and Topasel among others, is a progestin medication which is used in combination with an estrogen as a form of long-lasting injectable birth control. It has also been used alone, but is no longer available as a standalone medication. DHPA is not active by mouth and is given once a month by injection into muscle. Side effects of DHPA are similar to those of other progestins. DHPA is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. It has no other important hormonal activity. DHPA was discovered in 1958 and was introduced for medical use in the 1960s. It was not introduced in the United States, but it is marketed widely throughout Latin America. It was also previously available alone in Italy and as a combined injectable contraceptive in Portugal and Spain, but has been discontinued in these countries.

It is a member of porphyrins and a tetrapyrrole fundamental parent. It has a role as a metabolite.

It is a toxic diterpenoid alkaloid found in plants from the Delphinium (larkspur) and Atragene (a clematis) genera, both in the family Ranunculaceae. It is the principal alkaloid found in Delphinium staphisagria seeds – at one time, under the name stavesacre, a very well known herbal treatment for body lice. It is related in structure and has similar effects to aconitine, acting as an allosteric modulator of voltage gated sodium channels, and producing low blood pressure, slowed heart rate and abnormal heart rhythms. These effects make it highly poisonous ( 1.5–3.0 mg/kg in rabbit and dog; frogs are ~10x more susceptible). While it has been used in some alternative medicines (e.g. in herbal medicine), most of the medical community does not recommend using it due to its extreme toxicity.

It (abbreviated as TMS) is the organosilicon compound with the formula Si(CH). It is the simplest tetraorganosilane. Like all silanes, the TMS framework is tetrahedral. TMS is a building block in organometallic chemistry but also finds use in diverse niche applications.

It is a diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity. It has a role as a local anaesthetic, a non-narcotic analgesic, a carcinogenic agent and an anticoronaviral agent. It is a diaminopyridine and a monoazo compound. It is a conjugate base of a phenazopyridine(1+).

It is a member of amphetamines.

It is a member of benzenes and a sulfonamide.

It is an alkaloid found in plants of the genus Psychotria, particularly Psychotria colorata, although it is also found in Psychotria lyciiflora and probably other species in this family, It has antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal effects, but has mainly been researched for the analgesic effects that it produces, and is thought to be one of the components responsible for the analgesic effects seen when Psychotria colorata is used in traditional medical practice in humans. It has been found to act as both a mu opioid agonist and an NMDA antagonist, both of which are mechanisms of action shared with commonly used painkillers (morphine and ketamine respectively, and which occur concurrently in the clinical analgesics methadone and levorphanol). It is a trimer composed of three pyrrolidinoindoline subunits, with the monomer closely resembling another alkaloid eseroline which has similar bioactivity. Due to its complex structure and multiple chiral centres, hodgkinsine has many stereoisomers and significant research has been undertaken to elucidate the structure-activity relationships of the various isomers and synthetic derivatives structurally derived from hodgkinsine.

It is an aromatic ketone.

It is an organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl O-phenyl phosphorothioate substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a nitro group at position 4. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an agrochemical, an acaricide, an EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor and an insecticide. It is an organic thiophosphate and a C-nitro compound. It is functionally related to a 4-nitro-m-cresol.

It is an endogenous, naturally occurring steroid and minor urinary metabolite of testosterone.

It is a steroid sulfate that is testosterone substituted by a sulfoxy group at position 17. It has a role as a human urinary metabolite. It is an androstanoid, a steroid sulfate and a 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid. It is a conjugate acid of a testosterone sulfate(1-).

It is a compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety. It has a role as a serotonergic antagonist, a first generation antipsychotic, a dopaminergic antagonist, an antidyskinesia agent and an antiemetic. It is a hydroxypiperidine, an organofluorine compound, an aromatic ketone, a tertiary alcohol and a member of monochlorobenzenes.

It (INN) is a corticosteroid used in dermatology, for treating such skin inflammation as seen in eczema, psoriasis and other forms of dermatitis, and ophthalmology. Topical clobetasone butyrate has shown minimal suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. It is available as clobetasone butyrate under the brand names Eumosone or Eumovate both manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline. Trimovate also contains oxytetracycline, an antibiotic, and nystatin, an antifungal.

It, sold under the brand names Lotrimin Ultra, Mentax, and Butop (India), is a synthetic benzylamine antifungal. It is structurally related to synthetic allylamine antifungals such as terbinafine.

It is an indole alkaloid fundamental parent, an indole alkaloid and a yohimban alkaloid.

It is a pyridinethione that is pyridine-2(1H)-thione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is a Zn(2+) ionophore; the zinc salt is used as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. It has a role as an ionophore. It is a pyridinethione and a monohydroxypyridine. It is a tautomer of a pyridine-2-thiol N-oxide.

It is a member of chlorins. It has a role as a photosensitizing agent.

It is a member of the class of tetroxocanes that is 1,3,5,7-tetroxocane which carries four methyl groups at positions 2,4,6 and 8. It is a potent molluscicide and the active ingredient in most slug pellets used for crop protection. It has a role as a molluscicide and a fuel.

It is a diterpenoid with formula C20H26O3, isolated from the beans of Coffea arabica. It exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis and anti-proliferative properties. It has a role as an angiogenesis inhibitor, an apoptosis inducer, an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antineoplastic agent and a plant metabolite. It is a diterpenoid, a member of furans, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, a tertiary alcohol and a primary alcohol.

It is a straight chain alkane composed of 8 carbon atoms. It has a role as a xenobiotic.

It is a C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections. It has a role as an anti-allergic agent and an anti-inflammatory drug. It is a fluorinated steroid, an 11beta-hydroxy steroid, a 20-oxo steroid, a 21-hydroxy steroid, a 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid, a glucocorticoid, a 17alpha-hydroxy steroid, a 16alpha-hydroxy steroid, a C21-steroid hormone, a primary alpha-hydroxy ketone and a tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone. It derives from a hydride of a pregnane.

It is a quinolone antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It has not been approved for use in the United States.

It is a beta-hydroxy acid that is naturally produced in humans, other animals, and plants. It is the primary endogenous agonist of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 (HCA), a G protein-coupled receptor protein which is encoded by the human gene HCAR3. In plants, signalling chemical emitted by the orchid Cymbidium floribundum and recognized by Japanese honeybees (Apis cerana japonica).

It is a member of oxolanes.

It is a berberine alkaloid that is 5,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquino[3,2-a]isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10. It is a berberine alkaloid, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an aromatic ether and an oxacycle.

It is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. It has a role as an agrochemical, a central nervous system stimulant, a GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist, a neurotoxin and a GABAA receptor antagonist. It is an isoquinoline alkaloid, a member of isoquinolines and a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid.

It (Torecan, Norzine) is an antiemetic of the phenothiazine class. It is an antagonist of dopamine receptors (DRD1, DRD2, DRD4) as well as of 5-HT, 5-HT receptors, mAChRs (1 through 5), α adrenergic receptor and H receptor. It activates the transport protein ABCC1 that clears beta-amyloid from brains of mice.

It is a disaccharide similar to maltose, but with a α-(1-6)-linkage instead of the α-(1-4)-linkage. Both of the sugars are dimers of glucose, which is a pyranose sugar. It is a reducing sugar. It is produced when high maltose syrup is treated with the enzyme transglucosidase (TG) and is one of the major components in the mixture isomaltooligosaccharide. It is a product of the caramelization of glucose.

It is a ketone.

It is a diarylmethane.

It, sold under the brand name Mepron, is an antimicrobial medication for the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). It is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of naphthoquinones. It is a hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, an analog of both ubiquinone and lawsone.

L-citrulline is the L-enantiomer of citrulline. It has a role as an EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor, a protective agent, a nutraceutical, a micronutrient, a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is an enantiomer of a D-citrulline. It is a tautomer of a L-citrulline zwitterion.

It, also known as benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound that is a type of phenol, a derivative of benzene, having the chemical formula CH(OH). It has two hydroxyl groups bonded to a benzene ring in a para position. It is a white granular solid. Substituted derivatives of this parent compound are also referred to as hydroquinones. The name "hydroquinone" was coined by Friedrich Wöhler in 1843. In 2021, it was the 282nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 800,000 prescriptions.

It is a carboxylic ester resuting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N,N-dimethyl-beta-alanine with the 6-hydroxy group of forskolin. It is an adenylate cyclase activator. It has a role as a cardiotonic drug, an adenylate cyclase agonist, a vasodilator agent and an antihypertensive agent. It is an acetate ester, an organic heterotricyclic compound, a carboxylic ester, a cyclic ketone, a diol and a tertiary amino compound. It is functionally related to a forskolin. It is a conjugate base of a colforsin daropate(1+).

It is a natural product found in Eisenia bicyclis, Ecklonia cava, and Ecklonia maxima with data available.

Glycopyrronium bromide is a quaternary ammonium salt composed of 3-{[cyclopentyl(hydroxy)phenylacetyl]oxy}-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium and bromide ions in a 1:1 ratio. It is a quaternary ammonium salt and an organic bromide salt.

It is a xanthophyll pigment with an orange color found in a variety of plants. It is the product of the epoxidation of zeaxanthin where the oxygen atoms are from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Such ROS's arise when a plant is subject to solar radiation so intense that the light cannot all be absorbed by the chlorophyll.

It is procaine in which one of the hydrogens ortho- to the carboxylic acid group is substituted by chlorine. It is used as its monohydrochloride salt as a local anaesthetic, particularly for oral surgery. It has the advantage over lidocaine of constricting blood vessels, so reducing bleeding. It has a role as a local anaesthetic, a peripheral nervous system drug and a central nervous system depressant. It is a benzoate ester and a member of monochlorobenzenes. It is functionally related to a 2-diethylaminoethanol and a 4-amino-2-chlorobenzoic acid.

It is a catecholamine.

It is an organic compound with the formula [HOCHCHCH(CHOH)]. It is formed by the action of intestinal bacteria on lignan precursors. As such it is sometimes classified as a enterolignan or mammalian lignan. Elevated levels of enterodiol in urine are attributed consumption of tea and other lignan-rich foods.

It is a chemical substance produced by some species of lichen. It is a secondary metabolite belonging to a group of compounds known as depsides. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties. In rare cases, people can have an allergic reaction to atranorin.

It, or methyl cellosolve, is an organic compound with formula that is used mainly as a solvent. It is a clear, colorless liquid with an ether-like odor. It is in a class of solvents known as glycol ethers which are notable for their ability to dissolve a variety of different types of chemical compounds and for their miscibility with water and other solvents. It can be formed by the nucleophilic attack of methanol on protonated ethylene oxide followed by proton transfer: It is used as a solvent for many different purposes such as varnishes, dyes, and resins. It is also used as an additive in airplane deicing solutions. In organometallic chemistry it is commonly used for the synthesis of Vaska's complex and related compounds such as carbonylchlorohydridotris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium (II). During these reactions the alcohol acts as a source of hydride and carbon monoxide. It is toxic to the bone marrow and testicles. Workers exposed to high levels are at risk for granulocytopenia, macrocytic anemia, oligospermia, and azoospermia. The methoxyethanol is converted by alcohol dehydrogenase into methoxyacetic acid which is the substance which causes the harmful effects. Both ethanol and acetate have a protecting effect. The methoxyacetate can enter the Krebs cycle where it forms methoxycitrate.

It is a gallate ester obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the hydroxy group of octanol. It has a role as a food antioxidant, a plant metabolite and a hypoglycemic agent.

It (TBP) is a brominated derivative of phenol. It is used as a fungicide, as a wood preservative, and an intermediate in the preparation of flame retardants.

XTP is the xanthosine 5'-phosphate in which the 5'-phosphate is a triphosphate group. It has a role as an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate and a xanthosine 5'-phosphate. It is a conjugate acid of a XTP(3-).

It is a chemical compound with the formula . It is a white crystalline salt consisting of ions of ammonium and nitrate. It is highly soluble in water and hygroscopic as a solid, although it does not form hydrates. It is predominantly used in agriculture as a high-nitrogen fertilizer. Its other major use is as a component of explosive mixtures used in mining, quarrying, and civil construction. It is the major constituent of ANFO, a popular industrial explosive which accounts for 80% of explosives used in North America; similar formulations have been used in improvised explosive devices. Many countries are phasing out its use in consumer applications due to concerns over its potential for misuse. Accidental ammonium nitrate explosions have killed thousands of people since the early 20th century. Global production was estimated at 21.6 million tonnes in 2017. By 2021, global production of ammonium nitrate was down to 16.7 million tonnes.

It (DuP-785) is a drug that acts as a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. It blocks synthesis of pyrimidine based nucleotides in the body and so inhibits cell growth. It was invented by DuPont Pharmaceuticals in the 1980s. In 2001, Bristol-Myers Squibb acquired DuPont, and in 2017, [https://www.clearcreekbio.com/ Clear Creek Bio] acquired the rights to brequinar from BMS. It has been investigated as an immunosuppressant for preventing rejection after organ transplant and also as an anti-cancer drug, but was not accepted for medical use in either application largely due to its narrow therapeutic dose range and severe side effects when dosed inappropriately. It has been researched both as part of a potential combination therapy for some cancers, or alternatively as an antiparasitic, or antiviral drug. Clear Creek Bio is currently developing brequinar as a potential treatment for COVID-19. Inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase activity by brequinar may represent an efficient approach to the elimination of undifferentiated cells for safe PSC‐derived differentiated cells based therapies.

Alpha,alpha-trehalose is a trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon. It has a role as a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a geroprotector.

It is an acetylenic compound that is propynoic acid in which the acetylenic hydrogen is replaced by a phenyl group. It is an alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, an acetylenic compound and a member of benzenes. It is functionally related to a propynoic acid.

It is a peptide.

It (EGYT-475; Trelibet) is a psychoactive drug and member of the piperazine chemical class which was developed in the 1980s. It has stimulant and antidepressant effects which are thought to be due largely to its active metabolite benzylpiperazine. It was researched to a limited extent in Hungary and Spain, but was not widely accepted and does not seem to be in current use, although a closely related drug befuraline with similar effects has been slightly more successful.

It is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula . Also called Marshall's acid after Professor Hugh Marshall, who discovered it in 1891.

It is an intermediate in the catabolism of uracil. It is the base present in the nucleoside dihydrouridine.

It (anhydrous) is 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). It is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used (commonly as its hydrate) in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa. It has a role as an EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor, an antiparkinson drug and a dopaminergic agent. It is a member of hydrazines, a monocarboxylic acid and a member of catechols.

It is an isomer of coproporphyrinogen III, a metabolic intermediate in the normal biosynthesis of heme. The compound is not normally produced by the human body; its production and accumulation causes a type of porphyria. The difference between coproporphyrinogen I and III is the arrangements of the four carboxyethyl ("P" groups) and the four methyl groups ("M" groups). The I isomer has the sequence MP-MP-MP-MP, whereas in the III isomer it is MP-MP-MP-PM, with the last two side chains reversed.

It is an indole alkaloid. It has a role as an antiparkinson drug, a hormone antagonist, a dopamine agonist and an antidyskinesia agent. It derives from a hydride of an ergotaman.

It is an aryl sulfate that is indoxyl in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is substituted by a sulfo group. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a member of indoles and an aryl sulfate. It is functionally related to an indoxyl. It is a conjugate acid of an indoxyl sulfate(1-).