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In this task, you are given two natural language statements with similar wording. You must choose the statement that makes less sense based on common sense knowledge. A '
' separates the statements. Use "first" or "second" to indicate which sentence makes less sense.
Ex Input:
Oranges enjoy playing outside with friends
Children enjoy playing outside with friends
Ex Output:
first
Ex Input:
Some human beings can run very fast.
Only human beings with one leg can run.
Ex Output:
second
Ex Input:
Apples are made of molecules
Apples are made of stone
Ex Output:
| second
| NIv2 | task291_semeval_2020_task4_commonsense_validation | fs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a question having multiple possible answers in Russian language. And you should choose a most suitable option out of "A", "B", "C", "D", and "E" based on your commonsense knowledge.
Question: Иногда играть в игру означает проигрывать, он не был хорош в проигрыше, хотя и показал много чего?
Options: A веселящийся B развлекать C гнев D наслаждающийся E травма
| C | NIv2 | task1139_xcsr_ru_commonsense_mc_classification | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you are given inputs i,j, and A, where i and j are integers and A is a list. You need to return the sum of all the numerical elements in the list A between the positions i and j (including positions i and j). Return 0 if no numerical element is present in the list between the given ranges. i and j will be non-negative, and will always have a value less than the length of A. i will always be less than j.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: 2, 16, ['W', '291', 'M', '7735', '8167', '3577', '4155', '7367', '9199', 'e', 'C', 'a', '6239', 'c', '4305', '227', '6467', '3809', 'X', '9867', 'E']
Student: | 51262 | NIv2 | task606_sum_of_all_numbers_in_list_between_positions_i_and_j | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You are given a statement written in Tamil. Choose the most logical word from the given 4 options which can be used to replace the <MASK> token in the statement. Output the word from the correct option .
See one example below:
Problem: Statement: எம்.சி.பி வங்கி, 2008 இல், மலேசியாவின் மலாய் வங்கி நிறுவனத்துடன் ஒரு கூட்டணியைத் தொடங்கியது. <MASK> இப்போது எம்சிபி வங்கியில் 20 சதவீத பங்கைக் கொண்டுள்ளது. 2009 ஆம் ஆண்டில், எம்சிபி வங்கியின் தலைவர் மியான் முகம்மது மன்சா, பாக்கித்தானுக்கு தொடர்ந்து வெளிநாட்டு முதலீட்டைக் கொண்டுவருவதில் தனது முயற்சிகள் வெற்றிகரமாக இருந்தன என்றும், மே வங்கியுடனான ஒப்பந்தத்தைத் தொடர்ந்து மலேசியாவிலிருந்து தனது வங்கி ஏற்கனவே 970 மில்லியன் அமெரிக்க டாலர் முதலீட்டை நாட்டிற்கு கொண்டு வந்துள்ளது என்றும் கூறினார். இங்கிலாந்து பைனான்சியல் டைம்ஸ் செய்தித்தாளுடன் சிறப்பு மதிய உணவுக்கு அவர் தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்டார். 2010 இல் ஃபோர்ப்ஸ் என்ற உலகளாவிய ஊடக நிறுவனத்தின் பட்டியல்களின்படி, அவர் உலகின் 937 வது பணக்காரரும், பாக்கித்தானின் முதல் பணக்காரரும் ஆவார்.
Option A: பாக்கித்தானில்
Option B: மேபேங்க்
Option C: இந்தியாவுக்குச்
Option D: மலேசியாவிலிருந்து
Solution: மேபேங்க்
Explanation: The statement talks about the May Bank and it's related activities, the most suitable replacement of the <MASK> token would be மேபேங்க் based on the local context. The other options are countries .
Problem: Statement: <MASK>வில் பலாப்பழங்கள் முற்றும் காலம் மார்ச் முதல் ஆகஸ்ட் வரை ஆகும். ஒரு மரத்திலிருந்து ஆண்டுக்கு 100 – 150 பழங்கள் வரை கிடைக்கும். பழங்கள் காம்பை அறுத்து மரத்திலிருந்து பறிக்கப்படுகின்றன. வெகுவாக பால் சிந்தினால் அது நன்கு முற்றாத பலாக்காய் என அறியலாம். நன்கு முற்றிய பலாக்காய்கள் சுமார் 40 கிலோ வரை எடை உடையவயாய் இருக்கும். பழத்தின் வெளிப்புறம் தடிமனான முட்களுடையதாயும், பச்சை நிறத்திலும் இருக்கும். உட்புறம் மஞ்சள் நிற சுளைகள், வெளிர் மர நிறத்திலான கொட்டைகளுடன் இருக்கும்.
Option A: கராச்சியில்
Option B: கடலூர்
Option C: பண்ருட்டி
Option D: ஆசியா
Solution: | ஆசியா | NIv2 | task953_wiki_cloze_ta_multiple_choice_question_answering | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given two strings A, B. Find the longest common substring in the strings A and B.
Example: PPdQTlHHTJEe, DydQTlHHVnmlLu
Example solution: dQTlHH
Example explanation: Here, 'dQTlHH' is the longest common substring in both the input strings 'PPdQTlHHTJEe' and 'DydQTlHHVnmlLu'.
Problem: QWHxaKUpFfve, fhkaKUpjH
| Solution: aKUp | NIv2 | task600_find_the_longest_common_substring_in_two_strings | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a review of a product in the Polish language. Your task is to classify the given product review into these three categories: 1) positive, 2)neutral, 3) negative based on its content.
Input: Consider Input: Text: Totalna porażka, do przesyłania dźwięku należy połączyć sprzęt audio z transmiterem poprzez przewód jack - jack. Niestety wtyczka nie posiada dobrego połączenia i urządzenie nie chce się przełączyć w tryb transmisji. Jako odbiornik także posiada wadę, po około 20-30 minutach przestaje przetwarzać dźwięk mimo prawidłowego połączenia bluetooth z np, komputerem czy telefonem. Trzeba je wyłączyć i włączyć ponownie.
Question: What is the rating for the text?
Output: negative
Input: Consider Input: Text: Ten filtr jest wykonany dość starannie (dobra oprawa aluminiowa), jednak faktura na szkle mająca dawać zmiękczenie jest bardzo delikatna, wiec efekt jest minimalny - może to tylko mój egzemplarz, ale na pewno nie daje efektów jak na reklamowych obrazkach. Co ciekawe inne rozmiary tego filtra , które dostałem silniejsze dają ładne zauważalne zmiękczenie.
Question: What is the rating for the text?
Output: positive
Input: Consider Input: Text: Szkło pasuje do mojego telefonu, ale ma kilka minusów. Po pierwsze ma pionowe smugi (możliwe, ze to wina producenta), a po drugie szkoło posiada bardzo cienki pasek z klejem dookoła głośnika i przedniego aparatu, przez co już pierwszego dnia po nałożeniu szyby pomiędzy aparat a szybę dostają się paprochy i aparat ten nie może wykonać ostrego zdjęcia. Szkło jest jednak wytrzymalsze od swoich poprzedników. Polecam mimo wszytko, bo znalezienie idealnego szkła jest bardzo trudne.
Question: What is the rating for the text?
| Output: positive
| NIv2 | task634_allegro_reviews_classification | fs_opt |
Q: You are given a news article headline from BBC Yoruba and your task is to classify it into one of the following categories: Africa, Entertainment, Health, Nigeria, Politics, Sport, or World.
Operation Positive Identification: Ọnà àti dúnkokò mọ́ ará ìlú ni o
A: | Nigeria | NIv2 | task612_yorubabbc_classification | zs_opt |
In this task you are given a story and a question regarding that story. You must judge whether the question is answerable based on the info given to you. Label the instances as "Answerable" or "Not Answerable" based on your judgment. the story and the question are separated by a new line character.
Example Input: Naomi got up early in the morning She had a lot of things to do. She ran her errands quickly. She finished earlier than she thought she would. Naomi went home to relax.
Why did Naomi get up?
Example Output: Answerable
Example Input: Maria loved riding her bike, and did it everyday. Her mother always told her to wear a helmet. She did while her mom was looking, but often took it off. One day her bike skidded sideways, and Maria cut her forehead. She regretted not listening when she had to get five stitches.
Why did She regret not listening when she had to get five stitches?
Example Output: Answerable
Example Input: My glasses were broken. I called the eye doctor. They told me to come in to get them fix. I went in and they fixed them. Then, I was able to go home.
Why did I go in?
Example Output: | Answerable
| NIv2 | task290_tellmewhy_question_answerability | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a sentence in the Bulgarian language and corresponding English translation of this sentence. Here, your job is to generate label "yes" if translation is right, otherwise generate label "no".
Q: Bulgarian: За съжаление, законодателството на Общността не е подходящо за разрешаването на този проблем, тъй като то по неизвестни причини ограничава европейските фондове, които могат да бъдат разпределени за проекти по обновяване на отоплителните системи., English: I think we should ask ourselves the following question every day: What is simpler?
A: no
****
Q: Bulgarian: Предаване на текстове, приети на настоящото заседание: вж. протоколи, English: Communication of Council common positions: see Minutes
A: no
****
Q: Bulgarian: 15., English: 15.
A: | yes
****
| NIv2 | task273_europarl_classification | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should remove all of the integers that are divisible by 3 from the list. If every integer in the input list is divisible by 3 then an empty list should be returned. Zero is divisible by 3.
Problem:[57, -15, 65]
Solution: | [65] | NIv2 | task370_synthetic_remove_divisible_by_3 | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a sentence in the Swedish language and a corresponding English translation of the Swedish sentence. Your task is to generate a label "Yes" if the translation is correct, otherwise generate label "No".
One example: Swedish: Jag förklarar debatten avslutad.
English: The debate is closed.
Solution is here: Yes
Explanation: Swedish sentence is properly converted into English sentence.
Now, solve this: Swedish: Herr talman! Vi kommer att rösta för resolutionen från GUE/NGL-gruppen, eftersom den pekar ut Total-Fina som ansvarig för denna miljökatastrof, och eftersom jag skriver under på förslaget att förbjuda bekvämlighetsflagg och bruket av föråldrade båtar, och att införa ett krav på dubbla fartygsskrov för oljetankrar.
English: Mr President, we shall vote in favour of the GUE/NGL Group resolution because it denounces Total-Fina' s responsibility in this ecological disaster and I endorse the proposal that flags of convenience and the use of superannuated vessels should be prohibited, or that double hulls should be mandatory for oil tankers.
Solution: | Yes | NIv2 | task314_europarl_sv-en_classification | fs_opt |
You will be given a sentence containing a pronoun/person name and an emotion. From these implicit parameters, the main goal is to find the gender of the person (male / female).
[Q]: My girlfriend made me feel annoyed.
[A]: female
[Q]: The conversation with Latisha was annoying.
[A]: female
[Q]: This woman told us all about the recent great events.
[A]: | female
| NIv2 | task1336_peixian_equity_evaluation_corpus_gender_classifier | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You are given a sentence in Hebrew. Your job is to translate the Hebrew sentence into Japanese.
Q: היום יש לנו את היכולת המעשית לייצר אנציקלופדיה כזו, ללא קשר לכמות המידע שנכניס אליה.
A: | 今日ではこのような百科事典を作ることは掲載する情報量に関わらず充分に可能です今日ではこのような百科事典を作ることは掲載する情報量に関わらず充分に可能です | NIv2 | task1235_ted_translation_he_ja | zs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
Given the sentence, generate "yes, and" response. "Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). 1 In short, a "Yes, and" is a dialogue exchange in which a speaker responds by adding new information on top of the information/setting that was constructed by another speaker. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange, although it could be the case if it agrees with the description above. There are many ways in which a response could implicitly/explicitly agree to the prompt without specifically saying 'yes, and...'.
Part 2. Example
I just want to say if this does not work out I promise to to personally show up to each of your homes and apologize for my life not working out the way that it should.
Answer: You know what, come tell us at the community pool.
Explanation: This is a good response. Because it accepts in indirect way the input sentence and supports it.
Part 3. Exercise
You'll forgive me for saying so, but you have a reputation for being very nosy.
Answer: | Some say that, but, I like to know what's going on in the area in which I live. | NIv2 | task360_spolin_yesand_response_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a premise sentence. Your task is to write a new sentence by substituting the subject and object (i.e., the input's subject should be output's object and vice versa.). The generated sentence must be fluent and shouldn't change the voice (i.e., passive or active) of the input.
Let me give you an example: The doctors supported the scientist .
The answer to this example can be: The scientist supported the doctors .
Here is why: The output uses the verbs and nouns from the premise and changes the object with the subject. This is a good example.
OK. solve this:
The doctor recognized the bankers by the president .
Answer: | The president recognized the doctor . | NIv2 | task1364_hans_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Court addressed Jefferson’s ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claim, máde in his motion for a new trial. Jefferson pleaded guilty to possession of a controlled substance. He filed a motion for a new trial, arguing that his counsel had been ineffective. His motion did not set forth any facts supporting his claim. The Court of Criminal Appeals held that because the motion for a new trial raised only a general claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, the claim was not properly presented to the trial court or preserved for appellate review. In his petition for a writ of certiorari to this Court, Jefferson contended that facts in the record supported his motion and, therefore, that he was not required to make a more specific assertion. See Hill v. State, 675 So.2d 484 (Ala.Crim.App.l995)(<HOLDING>). Jefferson argued that the record on its face
Holding statements: (A) holding that the statement of specific grounds in a motion for a new trial waives all other grounds not specified (B) holding that when the grounds stated in the motion for a new trial are evident in the record a hearing is warranted even though the motion is not supported by affidavits or other extrinsic evidence (C) holding that in ruling on a motion for summary judgment the trial court is limited to the grounds raised in the motion (D) holding appellants issue was rendered moot because appellant was given the opportunity to make a record in support of his motion for new trial and appellate court considered that record in disposing of only issue raised in the motion for new trial (E) holding that ajffidavits in support of or in opposition to motions for summary judgment must be filed into evidence at the hearing on the motion or filed into the record in order for the affidavits to be part of the record on appeal emphasis added | holding that the statement of specific grounds in a motion for a new trial waives all other grounds not specified | NIv2 | task287_casehold_legal_incorrect_answer_generation | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
A text is given in Panjabi. Translate it from the Panjabi language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਮੰਤਰੀ, ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਨਰੇਂਦਰ ਮੋਦੀ 11 ਸਤੰਬਰ, 2018 ਨੂੰ ਲੱਖਾਂ ਆਸ਼ਾ, ਏਐੱਨਐੱਮ ਅਤੇ ਆਂਗਨਵਾੜੀ ਵਰਕਰਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਸਿਹਤ ਲਾਭਾਰਥੀਆਂ ਨਾਲ ''ਪੋਸ਼ਣ ਮਾਹ'' ਦੇ ਹਿੱਸੇ ਵਜੋਂ ਵੀਡੀਓ ਕਾਨਫਰੰਸ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਗੱਲਬਾਤ ਕਰਨਗੇ।
Output: | نئی دہلی ،11ستمبر :وزیراعظم ، جناب نریندرمودی 11ستمبر،2018کوصبح 1030بجے ‘پوشن ماہ ’’پروگرام کے تحت ویڈیوکانفرنسنگ کے ذریعہ آشا، اے این ایم اورآنگن واڑی کے لاکھوں کارکنان اورصحتی مستفضین سے گفت وشنید کریں گے ۔ | NIv2 | task1051_pib_translation_punjabi_urdu | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task you will be given a list of integers. For every element in the list, if the element is even you should divide by 4, if the element is odd you should multiply by 4 then add 2. The output should be a list of numbers that is the result of applying that logic to the input list. You should not round any decimals in the output. Zero should be counted as an even integer.
Input: [-16, -87, -6, 76, -88]
Output: | [-4.0, -346, -1.5, 19.0, -22.0] | NIv2 | task368_synthetic_even_or_odd_calculation | zs_opt |
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
[EX Q]: Bone and antler collagen δ(13) C and δ(15) N values are often assumed to be equivalent when measured in palaeodietary, palaeoclimate and palaeocological studies. Although compositionally similar, bone grows slowly and is remodelled whereas antler growth is rapid and remodelling does not occur. These different patterns of growth could result in isotopic difference within antler and between the two tissue types. Here we test whether red deer (Cervus elaphus) bone and antler δ(13) C and δ(15) N values are equivalent, and whether intra-antler isotopic values are uniform.', 'Bone and antler were isotopically analysed from six stags that lived in a temperate maritime climate on the Isle of Rum, Scotland. Multiple antlers from different years were sampled per individual, together with a single bone sample per individual. Up to 12 samples were taken along the length of each antler (total of 25 antlers, 259 samples) so that a chronological record of the isotopic composition during antler growth could be obtained. Collagen was extracted and its δ(13) C and δ(15) N values were measured by continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry.', 'Intra-antler collagen isotope signatures vary, and show that not all antlers from an individual or a growth year are equivalent in carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios. δ(15) N values typically increase with distance along antler length, but no overall trend is observed in δ(13) C values. An isotopic offset is visible between bone and antler, with bone δ(13) C and δ(15) N values being higher in most cases.
[EX A]: Are red deer bone and antler collagen isotopically equivalent in carbon and nitrogen?
[EX Q]: Transmural heterogeneity in ventricular repolarization demonstrated in vitro has been difficult to confirm in vivo. Whether this discrepancy reflects a physiological phenomenon or a methodological problem remains a vivid matter of debate despite a plethora of experimental work. Therefore, we have measured the relevant electrophysiological parameters first in vivo and repeated these in the same heart and at identical sites in vitro. Methodological issues were tackled by using both unipolar and bipolar recordings. Physiological issues were explored by measuring both local and functional electrophysiological parameters.', 'In 10 healthy dogs, 2 high-resolution needle electrodes were inserted into the left ventricle. Effective refractory periods (ERP) as well as activation recovery intervals (ARI) were determined at each electrode along both needles at basic cycle lengths (BCL) of 850 and 300 ms, respectively. After excision of the heart, ERP and ARI measurements were repeated in the arterially perfused wedge preparations.', 'First, we observed that ERPs and ARIs were significantly shorter in vivo than in vitro. Mean ERPs and ARIs of all muscle layers were relatively uniform throughout the ventricular wall in vivo. The transition from the in vivo to the in vitro preparation was associated with a significant albeit small increase of mean ARIs in the subendocardium, whereas interlayer differences in mean ERPs did not reach statistical significance as in vivo.
[EX A]: Is there no transmural heterogeneity in an index of action potential duration in the canine left ventricle?
[EX Q]: To assess the effects of eccentric work-induced hamstring fatigue on sagittal and transverse plane (axial) knee and ankle biodynamics and kinetics during a running crossover cut directional change (functional pivot shift).', 'A pretest-posttest, single-group intervention experimental design was employed. All data were collected in a biodynamics laboratory.', 'Twenty healthy athletic females were trained for 3 weeks in crossover cutting before testing.', 'Data were sampled during 3 unfatigued and 3 fatigued (20% eccentric isokinetic knee-flexor torque reduction) crossover cut trials. Three-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction-force data were sampled at 200 Hz and 1000 Hz, respectively, and joint moment estimates were calculated. Data were standardized to initial force-plate heelstrike for comparisons of mean differences between conditions using paired t tests with Bonferroni adjustments. Pearson product-moment correlations compared kinematic and eccentric hamstring-torque relationships.', 'During internal rotation phase 1, between heelstrike and impact absorption, mean internal rotation velocity increased by 21.2 degrees /s +/- 114 degrees /s. During internal rotation phase II, mean peak transverse plane knee rotation during propulsion decreased by 3.1 degrees +/- 9 degrees . During internal rotation phase II, mean peak ankle plantar flexor moment onsets occurred 12.7 +/- 53 milliseconds earlier, and this activation demonstrated a moderately positive relationship with the onset of mean peak knee internal rotation during propulsion and a weak negative relationship with mean peak hamstring torque/lean body weight.
[EX A]: | Does crossover cutting during hamstring fatigue produce transverse plane knee control deficits?
| NIv2 | task847_pubmedqa_question_generation | fs_opt |
Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.
--------
Question: “I’d love to be in the bush, but I get more cases here,” said veterinary rehabilitation specialist Nicci Wright. Wright founded the hospital two years ago with veterinarian Dr. Karin Lourens and since then has treated about 4,000 animals. With the expansion of Pretoria and Johannesburg, South Africa’s capital city and its economic center, the animals indigenous to the region are being squeezed out by the rapid urbanization. The wildlife hospital mainly treats small mammals and raptors that are injured. There are about 160 animals on the small premises now, including half a dozen leopard tortoises, a toothless 12-foot python and an otter that was taken far from her natural habitat when someone tried to domesticate her as a pet. A Johannesburg resident arrives at the hospital, carrying a gray lourie in a cage made for much smaller domesticated bird. He found the large bird in the garden, attacked by his dogs, unable to fly after its tail and wing feathers were plucked out. Like in any hospital, nurse Alicia Abbott opens a file and transfers the new patient to a more comfortable setting so its treatment may begin. Most of the cages in the hospital are covered with towels to block the electric light from disturbing the animals. Along with physical injuries, many of them also suffer from trauma. Some species, like the endangered pangolin, show visible signs of post-traumatic stress disorder when they hear a male human voice or smell cigarettes smoke, a reminder of the poachers who hunt them, said Wright. “Everything is terrifying for them,” she said. In a wooden crate on the hospital floor, a juvenile pangolin begins to stir, scratching against the box. It is feeding time and a volunteer will walk him on a nearby hill where the pangolin, which is a scaly anteater, animal to search for ants. Pangolins are one of the world’s most heavily trafficked mammals because of demand for their scales in Asia. Another pangolin was recently sedated and checked by a sonogram scan to find that she was pregnant. Along with five staffers, the hospital relies on volunteers like Lauren Beckley, who lives nearby. Beckley cares for young primates like baboons and vervet monkeys, who cling to her after their own mothers have been shot or run over by humans. Other wildlife at the hospital include two newly born bush babies which are small nocturnal primates. One had been attacked by a cat and the other had fallen out of its nest. Once the animals are ready to return to the bush, Wright and her team work with nature reserves around the country to slowly introduce the animals into a new, safer, habitat.
Answer: Johannesburg wildlife clinic saves animals hurt in city.
Question: The most powerful hurricane on record to hit the Bahamas swept through the islands earlier this week, leveling some neighborhoods, swallowing others with storm surge, and causing what one official described as a “staggering” number of deaths. Hundreds, if not thousands, are still missing in the country of about 400,000 people, but the official death toll stands at only 43, according to news media reports late on Friday, including the Washington Post and NBC. Eight people were confirmed dead from the storm in Grand Bahama and 35 people in the Abaco Islands, the Post reported, citing officials in the Bahamas. That toll is likely to soar as more bodies are discovered in the ruins and floodwaters left behind by the storm. In Freeport, witnesses said thousands crowded the port to try to get on a Bahamas Paradise Cruise Line ship offering free passage to Florida to those with necessary U.S. immigration documentation. Dazed evacuees, some with nothing but the clothes on their backs and plastic shopping bags, sat in the Kendal G. L. Isaacs National Gymnasium in Nassau which has been turned into a shelter. “Nobody can help anybody in Abaco, there’s no place safe, everything is destroyed,” said Firstina Swain, 75, who said she lost her home. “The people of Abaco need to get out, there are too many dead bodies, and I don’t think they finished finding them.” A boat with 250 evacuees left battered Abaco and arrived in Nassau, the capital of the Bahamas, which is located on New Providence island to the west and was less affected. Another boat with hundreds aboard was on its way, National Voice of the Bahamas radio reported. Approximately 200 people were also evacuated from Abaco Friday on Bahamasair flights, according to a NEMA spokesperson who declined to be named. “Free air evacuations on Bahamasair from Abaco started (Thursday) and will continue until all Grand Bahama and Abaco residents who want to leave are off the islands,” Prime Minister Hubert Minnis said in a tweet. Four survivors told Reuters on Thursday they had been charged $75 for a seat on a Bahamasair flight from Abaco to Nassau. “I thought a relief flight would be free,” said Anthony Thompson, 27, who said he paid the fare for himself, his wife and his sister. “I thought wrong.” A Bahamasair official, who requested anonymity, told Reuters the airline was collecting its customers whose flights had been canceled during the hurricane. To the extent extra seats were available, it was offering to ferry others off Abaco “at cost,” the official said. Bahamas Health Minister Duane Sands said there had been “a tremendous loss of life” in Abaco’s main city of Marsh Harbor. The medical chief of staff at Princess Margaret Hospital in Nassau said two refrigerated, 40-foot trucks would be needed to hold the “staggering” number of bodies that were expected to be found. “We’ve ordered lots of body bags,” said Dr. Caroline Burnett-Garraway. Those injured by the storm, which at one point was a Category 5 hurricane on the five-step Saffir-Simpson scale of intensity, were treated for fractures, head injuries, lacerations, skin rashes and dehydration. Near an area called The Mudd in Marsh Harbour, the commercial hub, a Reuters witness described a devastating scene, with most houses leveled, a man lying dead near a main street and dead dogs in water. Some residents were leaving the area with meager possessions, while others were determined to remain. The U.S. Coast Guard, working with NEMA, has rescued 295 people since Dorian began, the U.S. embassy in Nassau tweeted. Relief groups are focusing on getting doctors, nurses and medical supplies into the hardest-hit areas and helping survivors get food and safe drinking water. The relief effort faces formidable logistical challenges because of the widespread destruction caused by Dorian, which hovered over the Bahamas for nearly two days with torrential rains and fierce winds that whipped up 12- to 18-foot (3.7- to 5.5-meter) storm surges. The risk of outbreaks of diarrhea and waterborne diseases is high because drinking water may be contaminated with sewage, according to the Pan American Health Organization, which described the situation for some people on Abaco as “desperate.” The United Nations estimated 70,000 people were in “immediate need of life-saving assistance” such as food, water and shelter. The U.N. World Food Programme is airlifting storage units, generators, prefab offices, and satellite equipment as well as 8 metric tonnes of ready-to-eat meals. A Reuters witness saw widespread looting on Abaco, with people breaking into supermarkets and liquor stores. Wendy Hawkes, whose home on Abaco was largely destroyed, described seeing neighbors standing outside their front doors with shotguns to ward off looters. Claudin Loriston, 39, said he and his three young children were among the “lucky ones” to get on a plane out of Abaco. He said he had no documents with him, but he would try to get a job to support his family. “There are too many dead bodies there,” said the Haitian carpenter. “The government needs to remove everyone from the island, the smell is everywhere, it’s in the water.”
Answer: Thousands try to flee hurricane-devastated Bahamas islands.
Question: The latest health ministry figures on Sunday show that the death toll from coronavirus in Brazil rose to at least 25 from 18 the day before, a rise of 39%, and the number of confirmed cases now stands at 1,546, up from 1,128. In an interview with CNN Brasil on Saturday night, Bolsonaro also expressed his frustration with several states’ measures to essentially shut down commerce and restrict people’s movement, saying they have gone too far and are damaging the economy. “I think Mandetta was exaggerating,” Bolsonaro told CNN Brasil, referring to health minister Luiz Henrique Mandetta, who said on Friday that Brazil’s fragile healthcare system will collapse under the weight of coronavirus by the end of April. Bolsonaro said “collapse” was the wrong choice of words. “What we’re doing is lengthening the infection curve. I don’t believe in a collapse,” he said. Bolsonaro tweeted on Sunday that the government is distributing around 10 million coronavirus tests, half of which have been dispatched this month. Sao Paulo state, Brazil’s richest and most populous, on Saturday said a statewide quarantine order would take effect on Tuesday and last through April 7, shutting down all but non-essential businesses and services. Retailer Via Varejo said its 1,000-plus stores of white goods chains Casa Bahia and Ponte Frio are closing indefinitely, meaning thousands of brick-and-mortar shops of Brazil’s most recognizable chains now have their shutters down. A Datafolha poll in Sunday’s Folha de Sao Paulo newspaper showed that an overwhelming majority of Brazilians support many of these drastic measures to beat the spread of coronavirus, although opinion is much more divided on business shutting down. Some 82% said they agree with the suspension of church services, a decision Bolsonaro, who was elected into office with massive support from evangelical Christians due to his conservative social agenda, has heavily criticized. Evangelical churches were shut or deserted on Sunday in some of Brazil’s major cities, with many switching to broadcasting services online or via their radio and television channels. The massive doors of the Temple of Solomon, a 10,000-seat place of worship belonging to the Universal Church in Sao Paulo, were closed during what is usually one of their busiest times. Security guards patrolled outside telling visitors that services at the church were suspended for two weeks. Reuters visited five of Sao Paulo’s biggest evangelical churches - all were closed. Ailton Pinheiro, a member of the administrative team at the Assembly of God church in Brasilia, said pastor Hadman Daniel is giving sermons two or three times a week via his Facebook page and that the church will remain closed as long as it is told. “Everybody realizes the situation. Everyone has accepted it calmly,” he said in the church’s deserted car park.
Answer: | Brazil's Bolsonaro plays down coronavirus risk as cases top 1,500.
| NIv2 | task1368_healthfact_sentence_generation | fs_opt |
In this task you will be given a list of numbers and you should remove all duplicates in the list. If every number is repeated in the list an empty list should be returned. Your list should be numbers inside brackets, just like the given list.
One example is below.
Q: [0,1,0,2,5,1]
A: [2,5]
Rationale: The only elements that are not duplicated is 2 and 5. This is a good example.
Q: [4, 4, 3, 0, 1, 2, 5, 7]
A: | [3, 0, 1, 2, 5, 7] | NIv2 | task097_conala_remove_duplicates | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
The input is taken from a negotiation between two participants who take the role of campsite neighbors and negotiate for Food, Water, and Firewood packages, based on their individual preferences and requirements. Given an utterance and recent dialogue context containing past 3 utterances (wherever available), output Yes if the utterance contains the small-talk strategy, otherwise output No. small-talk is a cooperative negotiation strategy. It is used for discussing topics apart from the negotiation, in an attempt to build a rapport with the opponent. For example, discussing how the opponent is doing during the pandemic or sharing excitement for the camping trip.
Context: 'Great! So looks like all the water goes to you. I will take all the food if that is ok and we can split the wood. ' 'Well i would need one food and one wood' 'OK. I think that will work out for me. You get 3 water, 1 wood and 1 food. I will take the rest.'
Utterance: 'Great that's an agreement for me'
Solution: No
Why? The participant does not engage in any small talk in this utterance and primarily refers to the negotiation itself.
New input: Context: 'Hello' 'Hi there.. how are you doing today? I hope well! 🙂 So, it looks like we need to divy up these supplies, huh? Do you have any thoughts on the issue?'
Utterance: 'I'm doing fine thank you, how about you? Well for my trip I'm most interesting in socializing so a great campfire a night would be great, I'd prefer not to boil water either so want extra of that too. Food less so as I will go fishing and know wild vegetables, fruits and mushrooms I can pick. How about you?'
Solution: | Yes | NIv2 | task357_casino_classification_negotiation_small_talk | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you need to count the number of times the given letter appears in the given sentence.
PROBLEM: Sentence: 'a baseball player dropping his bat and starting to run'. Find frequency of the letter 'o'
SOLUTION: 2
PROBLEM: Sentence: 'supplies and tools are arranged on the floor with a hard hat and bag'. Find frequency of the letter 'n'
SOLUTION: 4
PROBLEM: Sentence: 'a shiny silver water pipe sticking out of the sidewalk'. Find frequency of the letter 'w'
SOLUTION: | 2
| NIv2 | task113_count_frequency_of_letter | fs_opt |
Instructions: In this task, you're given a pair of sentences, sentence 1 and sentence 2, that contradict each other. Your job is to alter sentence 2 so that the pair agree with each other. Generated sentences must be short, with less than 15 words. New information can be introduced. Avoid using pronouns to confuse the subject of the sentence.
Input: Sentence 1: A soldier is helping two young children cut a large cake. Sentence 2: The soldier is riding a bus.
Output: | The soldier is helping the kids. | NIv2 | task186_snli_contradiction_to_entailment_text_modification | zs_opt |
Given a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Filipino that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.
Q: モスクワ調査委員会は、容疑者は元受刑者のセルゲイ・Pomazunと特定している。
A: | គណៈកម្មាធិការស៊ើបអង្កេតម៉ូស្គូសំគាល់ជនសង្ស័យថាជាអ្នកទោសពីមុនសេរហ្កេយផូម៉ាសុន។ | NIv2 | task1121_alt_ja_khm_translation | zs_opt |
instruction:
Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.
question:
“They are heroic, I think there is no other way to describe what they are doing at this moment,” said Howard Catton, a British nurse who is the ICN’s chief executive officer. Infection rates of 9% and 12-14% have been reported among health workers in Italy and Spain, respectively, and deaths among nurses there and in Iran and Indonesia, he said. “We have no doubt that the rate of infections is related in part to the lack of PPE - personal protective equipment,” he told Reuters at the ICN offices along Lake Geneva. “There is a global shortage and nurses obviously are at a higher risk given the people that they are caring for.” The federation represents 130 national associations and more than 20 million registered nurses. The World Health Organization has called repeatedly for countries and manufacturers to step up production of masks, gloves, gowns and other equipment for vulnerable health workers amidst critical shortages. Nearly 700,000 people have been infected worldwide in the outbreak that began last December in China and has claimed more than 33,000 lives, according to the WHO. Catton said there had been problems with supply chains in hard-hit Italy and Spain, describing their health systems as “very close to being overwhelmed”. Nurses worldwide take samples from COVID-19 patients, give them medicines and oxygen, and help incubate those in serious condition. “They are working under intense pressure, often long hours, some working back-to-back shifts for days on end, even sleeping over in the hospital, the facility, in which they work.” Some nurses have been forced to re-use their gear or make their own masks and gowns, he added. “Wearing personal protective equipment when it is available is not easy either...Simple things like going to the loo and eating are of course much more difficult,” he said. Nurses across Africa and South Asia could be at greater risk as the virus moves to poorer settings. “We are very concerned that those countries that have weaker, more fragile health care systems could very quickly become overwhelmed by this virus if it takes hold in their countries,” Catton said. Nurses in Zimbabwe, fearing for their own safety, have been on strike due to a lack of information and protective gear, he said.
answer:
Heroic nurses need full protection against coronavirus, association says.
question:
Cannabis products are becoming available in Ohio dispensaries over the next few months following delays in rolling out the program last year. Patients need a physician’s recommendation to buy medical marijuana from such dispensaries to treat allowable conditions, which currently include AIDS, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, cancer, epilepsy and several other maladies. The medical board on Wednesday reviewed petitions for adding several new conditions and settled on six, which also include general anxiety disorder, depression, insomnia, and opioid addiction. Experts will review these conditions for possible inclusion on the list of allowable treatments. A final decision comes within six months.
answer:
State to consider 6 conditions to treat with medical pot.
question:
Keytruda is already approved as a cost-effective treatment in melanoma and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence also on Dec. 2 approved its use in the treatment of lung cancer patients who had started on chemotherapy, after Merck & Co cut the price further for the NHS. But trial data so far on the survival benefit of Keytruda as an initial lung cancer treatment has not been reliable enough, according to NICE’s draft guidance, which will be subject to public consultation until 21 March. “The exact size of the overall survival gain for Keytruda compared to the current standard of care was uncertain because of the immaturity of the data,” a NICE spokeswoman said. Keytruda has proved effective in fighting non-small cell lung cancer in patients with high levels of a protein called PD-L1, which makes them more receptive to immunotherapy. The average cost of a course of treatment in Britain is around 29,000 pounds ($36,000) at the full list price but the NHS will pay less after getting a confidential discount. ($1 = 0.8042 pounds)
answer:
| UK rejects Merck's Keytruda as initial treatment for lung cancer.
| NIv2 | task1368_healthfact_sentence_generation | fs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a sentence in Somali language, translate the sentence to English language keeping the meaning of the original sentence intact
Somali sentence: Afwerki ”Somalia iyo Eritrea waxaa ka dhaxeeya xiriir fog” — Shabelle
| Sierra Leone deploys 160 police officers to Somalia — Shabelle | NIv2 | task450_opus_paracrawl_so_en_translation | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given an input list A. You need to find all the elements of the list that are numbers in the same order as they appear in the list A.
['9061', '5469', '2159', '8205', '9801', 'x', '2303', '901', '7993', 'K', 'c', 'I', 'k', 'X', '2749', '2771', 'f', 'K', '7021', '2807', 'Q', '5883', 'C', '2653']
9061, 5469, 2159, 8205, 9801, 2303, 901, 7993, 2749, 2771, 7021, 2807, 5883, 2653
['I', 'F', 'f', 'O', '2417']
2417
['h', '9689', '533', '5219', '9051', '3075', '8295', '8433', 'R', 'y', '4537', 'k', 'c', '37', 'w', '7375']
| 9689, 533, 5219, 9051, 3075, 8295, 8433, 4537, 37, 7375
| NIv2 | task497_extract_all_numbers_from_list_in_order | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
In this task, you are given two natural language statements with similar wording. You must choose the statement that makes less sense based on common sense knowledge. A '
' separates the statements. Use "first" or "second" to indicate which sentence makes less sense.
Example: A mosquito stings me
I sting a mosquito
Output: second
The second statement doesn't make sense.
New input case for you: Apples are made of molecules
Apples are made of stone
Output: | second | NIv2 | task291_semeval_2020_task4_commonsense_validation | fs_opt |
Given a sentence in Igbo language, translate the sentence to English language keeping the meaning of the original sentence intact
Ex Input:
Igbo sentence: Great ndepụta. M ga-achọ ịnụ ya azịza #3.
Ex Output:
Great list. I would love to hear her answer #3.
Ex Input:
Igbo sentence: The Barcelona nnwale, ọmụmaatụ, nwere ike ada ka ọ bụrụ otu onye chere na "hola" na nnata ahụ nụrụ okwu dị ka ihe olu dị n'ime ha na isi.
Ex Output:
The Barcelona experiment, for example, might sound as if one person thought "hola" and the recipient then heard the word as an inner voice in their head.
Ex Input:
Igbo sentence: Mgbe GZ akpọ uwe ojii, o mere ihe ziri ezi, mgbe o kpebiri aga megide uche nke ikike, ọ tụfuru akara na ọnọdụ tụgharịa si niile na-ezighị ezi.
Ex Output:
| When GZ called police, he did the right thing, when he decided to go against the will of authority, he lost control and the situation turned out all wrong .
| NIv2 | task449_opus_paracrawl_ig_en_translation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a review of a product in the Polish language. Your task is to classify the given product review into these three categories: 1) positive, 2)neutral, 3) negative based on its content.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Text: Biję się z myślami czy oby 2 gwiazdki to nie za dużo. Menu wyświetlacza wygląda jak "dzieło" niezbyt uzdolnionego nastolatka i po prostu jest toporne. Klapka nie budzi zaufania, nie dość że ciężko chodzi to jeszcze podejrzanie rusza się na boki, a to dopiero początek. Ogólnie telefon łączy ze sobą brak zalet smarfona (wielkość) i tradycyjnych telefonów komórkowych (funkcjonalność). Rzeczywiście wygląda jakby był zaprojektowany na kolanie i bez jakiejkolwiek wiedzy co Nokia potrafiła włożyć do swoich flagowych modeli komórek tradycyjnych. Bateria owszem trzyma długo, ale brak wielu aplikacji wyjaśnia z łatwością ten wątpliwy fenomen. Pomijam fakt, że w rozumieniu Noki banany są w odcieniu cytrynowym, więc chyba nie najdojrzalszy to produkt.
Question: What is the rating for the text?
Solution: neutral
Reason: The review has a neutral sentiment. Hence, it can be classified as "neutral".
Now, solve this instance: Text: Szkło pasuje do mojego telefonu, ale ma kilka minusów. Po pierwsze ma pionowe smugi (możliwe, ze to wina producenta), a po drugie szkoło posiada bardzo cienki pasek z klejem dookoła głośnika i przedniego aparatu, przez co już pierwszego dnia po nałożeniu szyby pomiędzy aparat a szybę dostają się paprochy i aparat ten nie może wykonać ostrego zdjęcia. Szkło jest jednak wytrzymalsze od swoich poprzedników. Polecam mimo wszytko, bo znalezienie idealnego szkła jest bardzo trudne.
Question: What is the rating for the text?
Student: | positive | NIv2 | task634_allegro_reviews_classification | fs_opt |
A piece of text from one of these 5 languages - French, English, Dutch, Somali, Tagalog is given. Generate the language to which the text belongs.
Input: Consider Input: Text: Decathlon a également recours à quelques gadgets technologiques : « Dans chaque cabine d'essayage les clients peuvent scanner des produits, pour vérifier par exemple dans quelles autres couleurs ils sont disponibles.
Output: French
Input: Consider Input: Text: Nag-aalok kami ng isang buong hanay ng mga bundok sa ibabaw, mixed- teknolohiya, at sa pamamagitan ng- hole PCB pagpupulong kakayahan, kabilang ang parehong leaded at RoHS compliant produkto.
Output: Tagalog
Input: Consider Input: Text: Zwaarden zoals deze worden teruggevonden overal in Noord-Europa.
| Output: Dutch
| NIv2 | task447_opus_paracrawl_classification | fs_opt |
Teacher:Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Context: Hyaluronic acid receptor is a glycoprotein of the plasmatic membrane, and the CD44 is its representative, expressed in many cell types where it has the task of cell adhesion.', 'the goal of the present experimental study is to investigate the possibility of using immunohistochemistry to identify the distribution of hyaluronic acid along the vocal fold.', 'We resected the normal vocal folds from a normal 23 year-old male black individual. The slides were analyzed by means of a histomorphometric study, comparing the color intensity in the superficial, middle and deep layers of the lamina propria. In the silanized slides we used immunohistochemistry, and evaluated the slides under light microscopy with 40x magnification, and the color changed to brown when there was a reaction with the receptor for hyaluronic acid.', 'Immunohistochemical findings showed the presence of hyaluronic acid receptors in the epithelium covering the vocal fold, being more concentrated in the central region of the vocal fold.
Answer: immunohistochemistry, used to assess the distribution of hyaluronic acid receptors in the central portion of the vocal fold, proved it to be present in the vocal fold epithelium and it prevailed in its middle third.
Student: | Does detection of hyaluronic acid receptor in human vocal fold by immunohistochemistry? | NIv2 | task845_pubmedqa_question_generation | zs_opt |
Q: In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
story: Bob lived two states away from his family. He left to go spend Christmas Eve with them. When he was halfway there, he realized he forgot all of the gifts. He turned around to get them but got caught in a snowstorm. Bob became snowed in and could not make it to his family.
selected sentence: He left to go spend Christmas Eve with them.
A: | Bob decides to leave >Causes/Enables> Bob leaves | NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You are given a sentence in Arabic. Your job is to translate the Arabic sentence into Portugese.
Problem:ما هي الأدلة الأخرى هناك يمكن للنصوص ان تشير الى ترميز اللغة في الواقع ؟
Solution: | Que outra evidência há de que a escrita poderia realmente codificar linguagem? | NIv2 | task1109_ted_translation_ar_pt | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You need to create a question containing a blank (_), based on the given context word. Your question must contain two persons --PersonX and PersonY. The expected answer to your question must be PersonX. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. There should be an agreed upon answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people (e.g., Donald Trump, Putin, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style, pattern, or phrases in each question, try to increase diversity by varying sentence structure, blank placement, etc. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that Person X and Person Y have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY.
Q: Context Word: tipper.
A: | PersonX is a better tipper than PersonY because _ had worked in the service industry for a long time. | NIv2 | task032_winogrande_question_generation_person | zs_opt |
This task is to identify the language of a sentence correctly by classifying if it is English or Telugu
Example Input: Dimension 4300*2300*1400mm
Example Output: English
Example Input: May 8, 2014
Example Output: English
Example Input: 123456తర్వాత> >> పేజీ 1/14
Example Output: | Telugu
| NIv2 | task1618_cc_alligned_classify_tel_eng | fs_opt |
You are given a sentence in Persian. Your job is to translate the Farsi sentence into English.
خلاصه ، ایشان از آن جور شخصیتهاست. | Anyway, he's that kind of patron. | NIv2 | task1265_ted_translation_fa_en | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task you are given a sentence with one coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so). You must judge whether the order of two coordinated clausal conjoints have been inverted or not. Inversion would result in the sentence sounding unnatural. Label the instances as "Original" or "Inversion" based on your judgment.
It seems like he 's screaming , yet his voice is ever smaller now , barely there .
Output: | Inversion | NIv2 | task516_senteval_conjoints_inversion | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a paragraph and title from the research paper. Your task is to classify whether the given title is suitable or not for the research paper based on the given paragraph. Return "True" if title is proper according to paragraph else "False".
Q: Paragraph: Among the causes for pregnancy loss, viruses and non-infectious factors are among the most important. In both dogs and cats, research and clinical evidence provide proof that there is an increasing incidence of pregnancy loss associated with infectious diseases like herpesvirus, as well as the presence of toxicants or chemicals in the animal's diet and environment. Endocrine causes must be taken into consideration when dealing with pregnancy loss. This review will cover the most recent knowledge regarding viral and non-infectious of pregnancy losses in the dog and cat. #
Title: Canine and feline pregnancy loss due to viral and non-infectious causes: A review
A: True
****
Q: Paragraph: Background: On 31 March 2013, the first human infections with the novel influenza A/H7N9 virus were reported in Eastern China. The outbreak expanded rapidly in geographic scope and size, with a total of 132 laboratoryconfirmed cases reported by 3 June 2013, in 10 Chinese provinces and Taiwan. The incidence of A/H7N9 cases has stalled in recent weeks, presumably as a consequence of live bird market closures in the most heavily affected areas. Here we compare the transmission potential of influenza A/H7N9 with that of other emerging pathogens and evaluate the impact of intervention measures in an effort to guide pandemic preparedness. We used a Bayesian approach combined with a SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed) transmission model fitted to daily case data to assess the reproduction number (R) of A/H7N9 by province and to evaluate the impact of live bird market closures in April and May 2013. Simulation studies helped quantify the performance of our approach in the context of an emerging pathogen, where human-to-human transmission is limited and most cases arise from spillover events. We also used alternative approaches to estimate R based on individual-level information on prior exposure and compared the transmission potential of influenza A/H7N9 with that of other recent zoonoses. Results: Estimates of R for the A/H7N9 outbreak were below the epidemic threshold required for sustained human-to-human transmission and remained near 0.1 throughout the study period, with broad 95% credible intervals by the Bayesian method (0.01 to 0.49). The Bayesian estimation approach was dominated by the prior distribution, however, due to relatively little information contained in the case data. We observe a statistically significant deceleration in growth rate after 6 April 2013, which is consistent with a reduction in A/H7N9 transmission associated with the preemptive closure of live bird markets. Although confidence intervals are broad, the estimated transmission potential of A/H7N9 appears lower than that of recent zoonotic threats, including avian influenza A/H5N1, swine influenza H3N2sw and Nipah virus. Conclusion: Although uncertainty remains high in R estimates for H7N9 due to limited epidemiological information, all available evidence points to a low transmission potential. Continued monitoring of the transmission potential of A/H7N9 is critical in the coming months as intervention measures may be relaxed and seasonal factors could promote disease transmission in colder months.
Title: Transmission potential of influenza A/H7N9
A: False
****
Q: Paragraph: Bats are increasingly implicated as hosts of highly pathogenic viruses. The underlying virus-host interactions and cellular mechanisms that promote co-existence remain ill-defined, but physiological traits such as flight and longevity are proposed to drive these adaptations. Autophagy is a cellular homeostatic process that regulates ageing, metabolism, and intrinsic immune defense. We quantified basal and stimulated autophagic responses in black flying fox cells, and demonstrated that although black flying fox cells are susceptible to Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV) infection, viral replication is dampened in these bat cells. Black flying fox cells tolerated prolonged ABLV infection with less cell death relative to comparable human cells, suggesting post-entry mechanisms interference with virus replication. An elevated basal autophagic level was observed and autophagy was induced in response to high virus doses. Pharmacological stimulation of the autophagy pathway reduced virus replication, indicating autophagy acts as an anti-viral mechanism. Enhancement of basal and virus-induced autophagy in bat cells connects related reports that long-lived species possess homeostatic processes that dampen oxidative stress and macromolecule damage. Exemplifying the potential that evolved cellular homeostatic adaptations like autophagy may secondarily act as anti-viral mechanisms, enabling bats to serve as natural hosts to an assortment of pathogenic viruses. Furthermore, our data suggest autophagy-inducing drugs may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for combating lyssavirus infection. Viruses 2019, 11, 260 2 of 18 (EBOV) [9], and MARV [3,4,10], seroconverted, but did not develop pathology and only a minority of infected bats shed low level of virus in urine (NiV) [8] or high levels of virus orally (MARV) [4]. This combination of host-viral richness and apparent lack of clinical disease presentation after NiV, HeV, EBOV, or MARV infection raises the question how novel intrinsic traits or host adaptations might promote tolerance of virus infection in bats [11, 12] . As bats are the only volant mammals, flight has been proposed to contribute to the ability of bats to function as natural reservoirs [11] [12] [13] . The aerobic demands of flight experienced by bats is higher than the aerobic demands of other terrestrial mammals experienced during aerobic exertion [14] . Positive selection of genes involved in DNA-damage repair pathways [11] and reduced free-radical production [15] in bats suggest an evolved response to the deleterious effects of an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the high aerobic demands of flight. Cellular ageing occurs through a progressive accumulation of damaged organelles, misfolded and aggregated proteins, and dysregulation of cellular homeostatic processes [16, 17] . ROS can cause oxidative damage to macromolecules and DNA [18] , and ultimately contribute to cellular ageing. However, bats have a greater longevity [19] than what is typically projected in relation to their body size [20, 21] , and resistance to oxidative stress has been observed in long-lived bat species [22, 23] . Furthermore, the loss of DNA sensors in the PYHIN family [24] and decreased activity of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) [12] , may contribute to dampened inflammatory responses to the release of cytosolic DNA due to metabolic-related DNA damage or microbial infection [25] . In addition, enhanced protein homeostatic mechanisms, such as macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy), were observed in bat cells [26] . At the crossroads of DNA-damage, oxidative stress, and microbial infection [27, 28] , autophagy, is a proteostatic process involved in cellular homeostasis, longevity, and survival [29, 30] . Canonically regarded as a response to starvation, the autophagy pathway recycles long-lived proteins, misfolded proteins, and damaged organelles during times of nutrient depletion. However, there are also multiple examples of selective autophagic pathways that utilize specific protein receptors to traffic ubiquitinated target organelles and proteins into cytoplasmic double-membraned vesicles, termed autophagosomes [31] . In addition to cellular stressors such as DNA damage and ROS, pathogen-recognition receptors can activate distinct autophagic processes as part of an intrinsic immune response [32] [33] [34] . For example, "xenophagy" shuttles intracellular microbes to autolysosomes for lysis, whereas "aggrephagy" removes toxic protein aggregates [35, 36] . Aerobic demands, ROS, nutritional starvation, or virus infections are all physical stressors that challenge cellular homeostasis [37] . Virus exploitation of host cell transcriptional and translational machinery ensures successful replication, but can trigger the unfolded protein response [38] , and dysregulation of cellular homeostatic mechanisms [39] . Therefore, if bats have evolved mechanisms to dampen cellular damage caused by the by-products of heightened aerobic respiration through improved proteostatic mechanisms, then these same proteostatic mechanisms might also function as anti-viral defenses. We undertook a comparative study to examine host-pathogen interactions in bat versus human cells, focusing on the potential anti-viral or pro-survival mechanism of autophagy. For this study we chose to utilize Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV), a neurotropic rabies-related virus that naturally infects black flying foxes (Pteropus alecto) [40, 41] , but is classified as a biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) pathogen. Pteropus species are also the natural reservoirs of several zoonotic viruses including HeV, NiV [2], and Menangle virus [42, 43] . Cell lines have been established from the black flying fox [44] , which with the publication of its reference genome [11] , has been promoted as a model bat species. Black flying fox cell lines have been used to investigate the interferon response [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] , as well as transcriptomic and proteomic responses after HeV infection [51] . We rescued a modified recombinant ABLV expressing a green fluorescent protein (rABLV-GFP) and used both rABLV-GFP and a wild-type ABLV (wt-ABLV) to examine the role of autophagy after virus infection. In black flying fox cells, the basal level of autophagy was significantly higher than the levels of autophagy quantified in the human cell line used for comparative purposes. We observed that ABLV infection activated the autophagy pathway
Title: Enhanced Autophagy Contributes to Reduced Viral Infection in Black Flying Fox Cells
A: | True
****
| NIv2 | task1162_coda19_title_classification | fs_opt |
Definition: Given a real-life anecdote of a complex ethical situation, generate a suitable title that describes the main event/root cause of the situation. Imagine that the given text is a social media post, and you have to write the title of the post, so the users can decide to read the main text or not.
Input: I am 21 my girlfriend is 19. She lives with her parents and when I come over I could only have her out the house for 2 hours so today we used the 2 hours to watch captain marvel and she had to be back. Keep in mind her parents are very strict so when we go back to her house its either sit in the living room or go outside the house and get watched from the inside. No privacy. I got fed up with her mom constantly spying on us and just said Im done and that I couldn’t stand not being to take her out over 2 hours and left. I understand its their house their rules but AITA for leaving her house earlier than usual?
Output: | leaving girlfriends house early because of parents | NIv2 | task500_scruples_anecdotes_title_generation | zs_opt |
In this task the focus is on physical knowledge about the world. Given the provided goal task in the input, describe a process that would lead to the asked outcome. This process often involves physical motions with objects, such as moving them, arranging them in a certain way, mixing them, shaking them, etc.
[Q]: lid
[A]: can measure soap for laundry.
[Q]: To make the best use of space while packing,
[A]: tightly roll up each article of clothing instead of folding.
[Q]: How can you rewire your brain into being more happy?
[A]: | Every day, recall three things you are grateful for. Do this for 21 days.
| NIv2 | task080_piqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Instructions: In this task, you are given a text from tweets and a boolean question whether this tweet has positive sentiment or negative sentiment. Your task is to generate answer "yes" when the tweet has that particular sentiment, otherwise generate answer "no".
Input: Tweet: @MezGlinks oh pretty much mum saying how much of a bitch i have become. and i might be going to boarding school. drama like that... Question: is it a negative tweet?
Output: | yes | NIv2 | task196_sentiment140_answer_generation | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a short passage that conveys a stereotype or an anti-stereotype. A stereotype is an over-generalized belief about a particular group of people(based on race, ethnicity, gender, age, abilities, etc.). An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against a common stereotype. You are expected to classify the passage into two classes: stereotype or anti-stereotype.
Q: Passage: I saw the black riders coming, which was odd because I didn't think whites could ride horses.
A: | Anti-stereotype | NIv2 | task316_crows-pairs_classification_stereotype | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Bahasa Indonesia that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.
この政府には、世界をより良い場所にするのを助けた大きな外交政策の成功があった。
| Pemerintah telah mempunyai kebijakan luar negeri yang berhasil dan membuat dunia menjadi tempat yang lebih baik. | NIv2 | task1115_alt_ja_id_translation | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a sentence in English, and your task is to translate it into Persian.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: As he passed he looked down, smiling, at the black pit and the withering grass beside it;
Student: | ضمن عبور، تبسم کنان، نگاهی به گودال تاریک و چمن پژمرده کنارش انداخت؛ | NIv2 | task661_mizan_en_fa_translation | zs_opt |
Read the given query and classify it as a 'Good' or 'Bad' query depending on how well the query is formed, 'Bad' being the expected output for a not so well formed query and 'Good' being the expected output for a well formed query. A query may be wrong based on common sense or general facts, but if it is well formed, you should answer with Good.
[EX Q]: What is neptune also called as ?
[EX A]: Bad
[EX Q]: How much does sonography get paid ?
[EX A]: Bad
[EX Q]: What ocean has the highest content in US ?
[EX A]: | Bad
| NIv2 | task673_google_wellformed_query_classification | fs_opt |
Q: In this task, you are given inputs i, j, and A, where i and j are integers and A is a list. You need to find all elements of A from the ith element to the jth element, reverse the order in which they occur, and then concatenate them to output the resultant string. i and j will be non-negative, and will always have a value less than the length of A. i will always be less than j. Perform the operations in order, i.e., do not concatenate the elements and then reverse the string.
4, 5, ['c', '321', '8959', 'b', 'P', '8657']
A: | Pb | NIv2 | task101_reverse_and_concatenate_all_elements_from_index_i_to_j | zs_opt |
In this task you are given a story and a question regarding that story. You must judge whether the question is answerable based on the info given to you. Label the instances as "Answerable" or "Not Answerable" based on your judgment. the story and the question are separated by a new line character.
Example input: Bob was a computer scientist. He enjoyed natural language processing. He decided to revolutionize the industry! He formulated a machine learning algorithm to process words. He won the nobel prize for his work!
Why did He formulate a machine?
Example output: Answerable
Example explanation: He formulated a machine learning algorithm to process words.
Q: My glasses were broken. I called the eye doctor. They told me to come in to get them fix. I went in and they fixed them. Then, I was able to go home.
Why did I go in?
A: | Answerable | NIv2 | task290_tellmewhy_question_answerability | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.
Problem:Head: PersonX applies to medical school<sep>Tail: saves a life
Solution: | No | NIv2 | task1213_atomic_classification_desires | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a sentence in the Bulgarian language and corresponding English translation of this sentence. Here, your job is to generate label "yes" if translation is right, otherwise generate label "no".
See one example below:
Problem: Bulgarian: Състав на Парламента: вж. протоколи, English: Membership of Parliament: see Minutes
Solution: yes
Explanation: Given translation of bulgarian in english is right. Hence, label is 'yes'.
Problem: Bulgarian: 15., English: 15.
Solution: | yes | NIv2 | task273_europarl_classification | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a sentence in the English and Japanese language. Your task is check if the Japanese sentence is translation of English. if the translation is correct than generate label "Yes", otherwise generate label "No".
Q: English: Reaction from Socialist candidate Ségolène Royal was immediate in describing his proposal as "scandalous" and that tax reductions on the richest on society would aggravate the already existing social divisions in the country.
Japanese: 社会党からの候補、セゴレーヌ・ロワイヤルはすぐさま返答し、彼の提案は”恥ずべき”もので、社会の富裕層に対する減税は、すでに存在する国の社会的区分を悪化させると評した。
A: | Yes | NIv2 | task437_alt_en_ja_answer_generation | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a sentence in the Gujarati language and a corresponding English translation of the Gujarati sentence. Your task is to generate a label "Yes" if the translation is correct, otherwise generate label "No".
Gujarati: બે હોટ ડોગ્સ અને સોડા કપ
English: An orange fire hydrant sitting on the side of a road. | No | NIv2 | task440_eng_guj_parallel_corpus_gu-en_classification | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
The task is to generate the correct answer for a given math problem.
Problem: find ( 7 x + 2 y ) / ( x - 2 y ) if x / 2 y = 3 / 2 ?
Output: | 23 | NIv2 | task1726_mathqa_correct_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you are given a hateful post in Bengali that expresses hate or encourages violence towards a person or a group based on the protected characteristics such as race, religion, sex, and sexual orientation. You are expected to classify the post into two classes: political or non-political depending on the topic.
Input: রাইট, কথায় আছে , কইলা ধুলে ময়লা যায় না
Output: | non-political | NIv2 | task1491_bengali_political_hate_speech_binary_classification | zs_opt |
In this task you will be given a list, of lists, of integers. For every inner list contained in the input list, you should multiply every odd number in that list. The output should be a list of integers with the same length as the number of lists in the input list. If there are no odd numbers in an inner list you should output 0 for that list.
--------
Question: [[-10, 25, -7, -8], [9, 7], [-6, -31, -29, -34, 44], [15, 25, 5, 12], [-41, -48, 7, 33, -20]]
Answer: [-175, 63, 899, 1875, -9471]
Question: [[50, -10, 4, -26, 38], [9, -7], [-50, 49, 31, -31, 35], [17, -50, -27, 10, -26], [20, 24, 19, -16], [-42, -28, -3, 9, 26], [-30, 34, 8, 13, -26], [38, -4]]
Answer: [0, -63, -1648115, -459, 19, -27, 13, 0]
Question: [[-48, -23, -21, -20, -36], [-19, -35], [24, -45, 47, 39, 8], [14, -38, -6, 4]]
Answer: | [483, 665, -82485, 0]
| NIv2 | task852_synthetic_multiply_odds | fs_opt |
Instructions: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Input: Town terraced houses for all social classes remained resolutely tall and narrow, each dwelling occupying the whole height of the building. This contrasted with well-off continental dwellings, which had already begun to be formed of wide apartments occupying only one or two floors of a building; such arrangements were only typical in England when housing groups of batchelors, as in Oxbridge colleges, the lawyers in the Inns of Court or The Albany after it was converted in 1802. In the period in question, only in Edinburgh were working-class purpose-built tenements common, though lodgers were common in other cities. A curving crescent, often looking out at gardens or a park, was popular for terraces where space allowed. In early and central schemes of development, plots were sold and built on individually, though there was often an attempt to enforce some uniformity, but as development reached further out schemes were increasingly built as a uniform scheme and then sold.
Output: | What shape and size did most town terraced houses take on? | NIv2 | task074_squad1.1_question_generation | zs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: You are given a sentence in Galician. Your job is to translate the Galician sentence into Farsi.
PROBLEM: E calquera plástico pode ter calquera cor, como seguramente xa saibades.
SOLUTION: و هر پلاستیکی میتواند در هر رنگی باشد ، که شما احتمالا به خوبی به آن واقفید.
PROBLEM: SG: Isto é totalmente certo.
SOLUTION: شان: خُب این دقیقا "" درسته.
PROBLEM: Isto é Central Park, un dos espazo públicos mellor deseñados de América.
SOLUTION: | این جا "" سنترال پارک "" است ، یکی از زیباترین مکان های عمومی در آمریکا. یکی از زیباترین مکان های عمومی در آمریکا.
| NIv2 | task1245_ted_translation_gl_fa | fs_opt |
You are given a short text as a title. Your task is to generate a poem as output that is related to the given title and should feel like written by kids. The output should be a run-on sentence (two or more complete sentences connected without any punctuation). The poem should not be too long or too complex, because it should feel like it is written by younger person without high level of literature education.
Q: THE CAT AND RAT
A: | the cat sit on that rat with a mat they have a chat with a bat the bat have a hat and would pat the hat | NIv2 | task1711_poki_text_generation | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
Cool! Thank you. Good bye!
I don’t have that information available but I can tell you that Cuneiform an Ancient writing was first used around 3000 BC by the Sumerians.
You’re welcome!
Sure! Mesopotamia was a place where the use of the wheel was incorporated. It was adapted for transport and also used to make clay pots.
How about Mesopotamian Language and Writing>
| Sure! Mesopotamia was a place where the use of the wheel was incorporated. It was adapted for transport and also used to make clay pots. | NIv2 | task576_curiosity_dialogs_answer_generation | zs_opt |
instruction:
You are given a sentence in Hebrew. Your job is to translate the Hebrew sentence into English.
question:
אבל ה "" אנחנו "" שלנו הוא החסד המושיע שלנו, זה מה שמחזק אותנו.
answer:
But our "" we "" is our saving grace, it's what makes us strong.
question:
אני חושב שיש הרבה אנשים בקהילה המודיעינית, הרבה אנשים שעוסקים בעבודה הזאת בכלל, חושבים שזה בלתי נמנע אם לא ננקוט בצעדים לנסות באמת לנטרל את הסיכון, כמו אמצעי מניעה טובים יותר, מניעה טובה יותר, תיקון יותר טוב... אתם יודעים, סריקות יותר טובות של מכולות שנכנסות לארץ וכדומה.
answer:
I think there's a lot of people in the intelligence community — a lot of people who deal with this work in general think it's almost inevitable, unless we do certain things to really try to defuse the risk, like better interdiction, better prevention, better fixing, you know, better screening of cargo containers that are coming into the country and so forth.
question:
הוא היה בסך הכל בן 51 בזמנו.
answer:
| He was all of 51 years at that time.
| NIv2 | task1234_ted_translation_he_en | fs_opt |
You will be given a sentence containing a pronoun/person name and an emotion. From these implicit parameters, the main goal is to find the gender of the person (male / female).
Example: Alonzo feels angry.
Example solution: male
Example explanation: The gender of the person is correct and detected mainly based on the name Alonzo.
Problem: This woman told us all about the recent great events.
| Solution: female | NIv2 | task1336_peixian_equity_evaluation_corpus_gender_classifier | fs_opt |
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
One example: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 ± 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
Solution is here: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?
Explanation: The question is based on the following sentences from the passage (i) Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) {ii) In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (iii) As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. and (iv) They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia
Now, solve this: To assess the effects of eccentric work-induced hamstring fatigue on sagittal and transverse plane (axial) knee and ankle biodynamics and kinetics during a running crossover cut directional change (functional pivot shift).', 'A pretest-posttest, single-group intervention experimental design was employed. All data were collected in a biodynamics laboratory.', 'Twenty healthy athletic females were trained for 3 weeks in crossover cutting before testing.', 'Data were sampled during 3 unfatigued and 3 fatigued (20% eccentric isokinetic knee-flexor torque reduction) crossover cut trials. Three-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction-force data were sampled at 200 Hz and 1000 Hz, respectively, and joint moment estimates were calculated. Data were standardized to initial force-plate heelstrike for comparisons of mean differences between conditions using paired t tests with Bonferroni adjustments. Pearson product-moment correlations compared kinematic and eccentric hamstring-torque relationships.', 'During internal rotation phase 1, between heelstrike and impact absorption, mean internal rotation velocity increased by 21.2 degrees /s +/- 114 degrees /s. During internal rotation phase II, mean peak transverse plane knee rotation during propulsion decreased by 3.1 degrees +/- 9 degrees . During internal rotation phase II, mean peak ankle plantar flexor moment onsets occurred 12.7 +/- 53 milliseconds earlier, and this activation demonstrated a moderately positive relationship with the onset of mean peak knee internal rotation during propulsion and a weak negative relationship with mean peak hamstring torque/lean body weight.
Solution: | Does crossover cutting during hamstring fatigue produce transverse plane knee control deficits? | NIv2 | task847_pubmedqa_question_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher:The task is about translation from Telugu to English. While performing the translation you must preserve the original meaning. Do not include any words which are only limited to your native place.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: - రైట్, నేను తర్వాత తనిఖీ చేస్తుంది.
Student: | - Right, I'll check in later. | NIv2 | task1324_open_subtitles_te_en_translation | zs_opt |
Q: You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Arabic.
Ma uno degli aspetti più importanti quando pensiamo alle cellule staminali è che queste cellule possono essere tante cose, vogliono essere tante cose, e noi vogliamo essere sicuri che l'ambiente nel quale le immettiamo abbia sufficienti informazioni da permettere che diventino il giusto tipo di tessuto specifico.
A: | ولكن أحد الأمور المهمة جداً عندما نفكر في الخلايا الجذعية هو أنه من الواضح أن الخلايا الجذعية يمكنها أن تصبح أشياء كثيرة مختلفة ، وهي تريد أن تكون أشياء كثيرة مختلفة ، ولذا فإننا نريد التأكد من أن البيئة التي نضع هذه الخلايا فيها لديها ما يكفي من المعلومات حتى يمكنها أن تصبح النمط الصحيح من الأنسجة المتخصصة. | NIv2 | task1250_ted_translation_it_ar | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
Problem:L'FBI è responsabile di piú complotti terroristici negli Stati Uniti di qualunque altra organizzazione.
Solution: | הלשכה הפדרלית לחקירות (FBI) אחראית ליותר מזימות טרור בארצות הברית מאשר כל ארגון אחר. | NIv2 | task1251_ted_translation_it_he | zs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.
Part 2. Example
"Although the story didn’t cite the cost of appendectomy – emergency or urgent surgery – and we wish it had, we nonetheless will give it a satisfactory score because it at least cited what the editorial writer wrote, ""A secondary benefit is the savings to the hospital generated by minimizing staff and anesthesiologist presence late in the evening and during the wee hours of the morning."" As with our harms score above, although the story didn’t give absolute numbers, in this case we think it was sufficient for it to report that ""The scientists found no significant difference among the groups in the patients’ condition 30 days after surgery or in the length of their operation or hospital stay."" Although the story didn’t give absolute numbers, in this case we think it was sufficient for it to report that ""The scientists found no significant difference among the groups in the patients’ condition 30 days after surgery or in the length of their operation or hospital stay."" Despite running less than 300 words, this story did an adequate job in explaining the quality of the evidence, including pointing out limitations. No disease-mongering here. The story meets the bare minimum requirement for this criterion in that it at least cited what an editorial stated. The focus of the story was on a study comparing emergency appendectomy with surgery done up to 12 hours later or beyond. This is the whole focus of the story – and one we applaud – when it begins: ""Appendectomy is the most common emergency surgery in the world, but it doesn’t have to be."" There were no claims made about the novelty of this research, and we may have wished for a bit more context on this. Nonetheless, the potential for guiding future care decisions was made clear. Not applicable. Given that the story only pulled excerpts from the journal article and the accompanying editorial, and didn’t include any fresh quotes from interviews, we can’t be sure of the extent to which it may have been influenced by a news release."
Answer: Some appendicitis cases may not require ’emergency’ surgery
Explanation: The paragraph mentions that "Appendectomy is the most common emergency surgery in the world, but it doesn’t have to be." which is considered evidence for the output. Thus, the output is a valid claim.
Part 3. Exercise
The latest health ministry figures on Sunday show that the death toll from coronavirus in Brazil rose to at least 25 from 18 the day before, a rise of 39%, and the number of confirmed cases now stands at 1,546, up from 1,128. In an interview with CNN Brasil on Saturday night, Bolsonaro also expressed his frustration with several states’ measures to essentially shut down commerce and restrict people’s movement, saying they have gone too far and are damaging the economy. “I think Mandetta was exaggerating,” Bolsonaro told CNN Brasil, referring to health minister Luiz Henrique Mandetta, who said on Friday that Brazil’s fragile healthcare system will collapse under the weight of coronavirus by the end of April. Bolsonaro said “collapse” was the wrong choice of words. “What we’re doing is lengthening the infection curve. I don’t believe in a collapse,” he said. Bolsonaro tweeted on Sunday that the government is distributing around 10 million coronavirus tests, half of which have been dispatched this month. Sao Paulo state, Brazil’s richest and most populous, on Saturday said a statewide quarantine order would take effect on Tuesday and last through April 7, shutting down all but non-essential businesses and services. Retailer Via Varejo said its 1,000-plus stores of white goods chains Casa Bahia and Ponte Frio are closing indefinitely, meaning thousands of brick-and-mortar shops of Brazil’s most recognizable chains now have their shutters down. A Datafolha poll in Sunday’s Folha de Sao Paulo newspaper showed that an overwhelming majority of Brazilians support many of these drastic measures to beat the spread of coronavirus, although opinion is much more divided on business shutting down. Some 82% said they agree with the suspension of church services, a decision Bolsonaro, who was elected into office with massive support from evangelical Christians due to his conservative social agenda, has heavily criticized. Evangelical churches were shut or deserted on Sunday in some of Brazil’s major cities, with many switching to broadcasting services online or via their radio and television channels. The massive doors of the Temple of Solomon, a 10,000-seat place of worship belonging to the Universal Church in Sao Paulo, were closed during what is usually one of their busiest times. Security guards patrolled outside telling visitors that services at the church were suspended for two weeks. Reuters visited five of Sao Paulo’s biggest evangelical churches - all were closed. Ailton Pinheiro, a member of the administrative team at the Assembly of God church in Brasilia, said pastor Hadman Daniel is giving sermons two or three times a week via his Facebook page and that the church will remain closed as long as it is told. “Everybody realizes the situation. Everyone has accepted it calmly,” he said in the church’s deserted car park.
Answer: | Brazil's Bolsonaro plays down coronavirus risk as cases top 1,500. | NIv2 | task1368_healthfact_sentence_generation | fs_opt |
Languages typically provide more than one grammatical construction to express certain types of messages. Your task is to generate a senetence with the same meaning as given sentence, but with different grammatical construction.
Juan expressed the man from work something
Juan expressed something to the man from work
Linda rowed a woman who was wearing a hat something
Linda rowed something to a woman who was wearing a hat
Alice tipped him a grand
| Alice tipped a grand to him
| NIv2 | task132_dais_text_modification | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence, an entity and its sentiment towards the entity, verify if it is the correct sentiment towards the entity. Answer should be yes or no. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Q: Verify if the sentiment of the following document towards the entity Anton Morozov is Negative . âThe situation of course demands the swiftest intervention of all interested states particularly those represented in the region in order to prevent wide-scale military action â the agency quoted him as saying.
A: | no | NIv2 | task422_persent_sentence_sentiment_verification | zs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Sentence1: a cavern is formed by carbonic acid in groundwater seeping through rock and dissolving limestone.
Sentence2: Carbonic acid dissolves limestone by separating the calcium and carbonate and creating a liquid. | carbonic | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
You are given a sentence in Persian. Your job is to translate the Farsi sentence into Japanese.
Ex Input:
چقدر می توانیم این را تغییر دهیم ؟
Ex Output:
「どれくらい変えられるのか ？ 」ということです
Ex Input:
او می پرسد: « اگر به آنان جایی در دولت بدهیم ، چه کسی از حقوق زنان حمایت خواهد کرد ؟ » و جامعه بین الملل را ترغیب می کند وعده هایشان درباره زنان را فراموش نکنند از آنجا که حالا می خواهند با طالبان صلح کنند.
Ex Output:
「もし政府での居場所をタリバンに与えたら誰が女性の権利を守るのでしょうか」と彼女は問いますそして国際社会にタリバンとの和平を築きたいからといって女性との約束を忘れないよう呼びかけています
Ex Input:
برای علم اون زمان این یک معما بود.
Ex Output:
| 彼の時代においてはこれは謎でした
| NIv2 | task1266_ted_translation_fa_ja | fs_opt |
In this task, you will be shown a short story with a beginning, two potential middles, and an ending. Your job is to choose the middle statement that makes the story incoherent / implausible by indicating 1 or 2 in the output. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes less sense.
Input: Consider Input: Beginning: A man walked up to Corey as he pumped gas into his car. Middle 1: He hit Corey with a cashier's check for $10 million. Middle 2: He hit him on the head and stole his car. Ending: When Corey came to, both the man and his car were gone.
Output: 1
Input: Consider Input: Beginning: Meg loves spaghetti. Middle 1: Meg decided never to cook it. Middle 2: Meg decided to cook it weekly. Ending: We love Italian night.
Output: 1
Input: Consider Input: Beginning: The local high school was having a fashion show. Middle 1: Jim volunteerd to help. Middle 2: Jim refused to help. Ending: The principal thanked Jim for his work.
| Output: 2
| NIv2 | task070_abductivenli_incorrect_classification | fs_opt |
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Example Input: In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia). It was the second American territory which the English attempted to colonize. Raleigh established two colonies on the coast in the late 1580s, but both failed. The fate of the "Lost Colony" of Roanoke Island remains one of the most widely debated mysteries of American history. Virginia Dare, the first English child to be born in North America, was born on Roanoke Island on August 18, 1587; Dare County is named for her.
Example Output: Who is the North Carolina state capital named for?
Example Input: What is today the Central African Republic has been inhabited for millennia; however, the country's current borders were established by France, which ruled the country as a colony starting in the late 19th century. After gaining independence from France in 1960, the Central African Republic was ruled by a series of autocratic leaders; by the 1990s, calls for democracy led to the first multi-party democratic elections in 1993. Ange-Félix Patassé became president, but was later removed by General François Bozizé in the 2003 coup. The Central African Republic Bush War began in 2004 and, despite a peace treaty in 2007 and another in 2011, fighting broke out between various factions in December 2012, leading to ethnic and religious cleansing of the Muslim minority and massive population displacement in 2013 and 2014.
Example Output: Who established CAR's borders?
Example Input: News of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Beauséjour, which was immediately followed by their expulsion of the Acadians. In July British Major General Edward Braddock led about 2,000 army troops and provincial militia on an expedition to retake Fort Duquesne, but the expedition ended in disastrous defeat. In further action, Admiral Edward Boscawen fired on the French ship Alcide on 8 June 1755, capturing it and two troop ships. In September 1755, French and British troops met in the inconclusive Battle of Lake George.
Example Output: | Which country dispatched regular troops to North America?
| NIv2 | task074_squad1.1_question_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a hateful post in English from online platforms. You are expected to classify the target being harassed in the post as individual or generic, i.e., single person or a group of people. Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Post: @MSNBC Protect USA from illigal refugees - thank you Mr.Trump !
Output: | Generic | NIv2 | task337_hateeval_classification_individual_en | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
Input: In een gesprek met De Morgen verklaarde zijn advocaat eerder dat Ruggiu al sinds de zomer van vorig jaar had meegewerkt met het parket van de openbare aanklager .
Output: | Ruggiu: B-PER | NIv2 | task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation | zs_opt |
In this task, you need to count the number of times the given letter appears in the given sentence.
Let me give you an example: Sentence: 'a large group of bananas proped up on several bicycles'. Find frequency of the letter 'e'
The answer to this example can be: 5
Here is why: The letter 'e' appears 5 times in the sentence.
OK. solve this:
Sentence: 'a shiny silver water pipe sticking out of the sidewalk'. Find frequency of the letter 'w'
Answer: | 2 | NIv2 | task113_count_frequency_of_letter | fs_opt |
Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.
One example is below.
Q: "Although the story didn’t cite the cost of appendectomy – emergency or urgent surgery – and we wish it had, we nonetheless will give it a satisfactory score because it at least cited what the editorial writer wrote, ""A secondary benefit is the savings to the hospital generated by minimizing staff and anesthesiologist presence late in the evening and during the wee hours of the morning."" As with our harms score above, although the story didn’t give absolute numbers, in this case we think it was sufficient for it to report that ""The scientists found no significant difference among the groups in the patients’ condition 30 days after surgery or in the length of their operation or hospital stay."" Although the story didn’t give absolute numbers, in this case we think it was sufficient for it to report that ""The scientists found no significant difference among the groups in the patients’ condition 30 days after surgery or in the length of their operation or hospital stay."" Despite running less than 300 words, this story did an adequate job in explaining the quality of the evidence, including pointing out limitations. No disease-mongering here. The story meets the bare minimum requirement for this criterion in that it at least cited what an editorial stated. The focus of the story was on a study comparing emergency appendectomy with surgery done up to 12 hours later or beyond. This is the whole focus of the story – and one we applaud – when it begins: ""Appendectomy is the most common emergency surgery in the world, but it doesn’t have to be."" There were no claims made about the novelty of this research, and we may have wished for a bit more context on this. Nonetheless, the potential for guiding future care decisions was made clear. Not applicable. Given that the story only pulled excerpts from the journal article and the accompanying editorial, and didn’t include any fresh quotes from interviews, we can’t be sure of the extent to which it may have been influenced by a news release."
A: Some appendicitis cases may not require ’emergency’ surgery
Rationale: The paragraph mentions that "Appendectomy is the most common emergency surgery in the world, but it doesn’t have to be." which is considered evidence for the output. Thus, the output is a valid claim.
Q: Keytruda is already approved as a cost-effective treatment in melanoma and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence also on Dec. 2 approved its use in the treatment of lung cancer patients who had started on chemotherapy, after Merck & Co cut the price further for the NHS. But trial data so far on the survival benefit of Keytruda as an initial lung cancer treatment has not been reliable enough, according to NICE’s draft guidance, which will be subject to public consultation until 21 March. “The exact size of the overall survival gain for Keytruda compared to the current standard of care was uncertain because of the immaturity of the data,” a NICE spokeswoman said. Keytruda has proved effective in fighting non-small cell lung cancer in patients with high levels of a protein called PD-L1, which makes them more receptive to immunotherapy. The average cost of a course of treatment in Britain is around 29,000 pounds ($36,000) at the full list price but the NHS will pay less after getting a confidential discount. ($1 = 0.8042 pounds)
A: | UK rejects Merck's Keytruda as initial treatment for lung cancer. | NIv2 | task1368_healthfact_sentence_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a question and an answer. Answer "Yes" if the given answer correctly answers the question, otherwise answer "No".
Q: how does a steam engine work, Answer: Steam engines are external combustion engines , where the working fluid is separate from the combustion products.
A: Yes
****
Q: what does it mean to be a commonwealth state, Answer: Historically, it has sometimes been synonymous with " republic ".
A: No
****
Q: when was the internet started, Answer: The history of the Internet began with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s.
A: | Yes
****
| NIv2 | task1294_wiki_qa_answer_verification | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you are given an input list A. You need to find all the elements of the list that are numbers in the same order as they appear in the list A.
['238', 'h', '92', 'U', '2799']
Solution: 238, 92, 2799
Why? Here, the numbers in the input list in order are '238', '92' and '2799'.
New input: ['h', '9689', '533', '5219', '9051', '3075', '8295', '8433', 'R', 'y', '4537', 'k', 'c', '37', 'w', '7375']
Solution: | 9689, 533, 5219, 9051, 3075, 8295, 8433, 4537, 37, 7375 | NIv2 | task497_extract_all_numbers_from_list_in_order | fs_opt |
Instructions: Given a sentence in Italian, generate a new Italian sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
Input: Se si vuole scalare un metro allora si dovrebbe avere nastro appropriato.
Output: | Se si desidera scalare un punto allora si dovrebbe avere la navigazione appropriata. | NIv2 | task408_mickey_it_sentence_perturbation_generation | zs_opt |
You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Portugese.
Q: E avevano deciso di segnare tutte le zone in cui i linciaggi hanno avuto luogo, e costruire un monumento nazionale alle vittime di tali violenze a Montgomery, in Alabama.
A: | Tinham um plano para marcar cada condado onde tinham ocorrido esses linchamentos e construir um memorial nacional às vítimas de linchamento em Montgomery, no Alabama. | NIv2 | task1255_ted_translation_it_pt | zs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
Given a sentence in Igbo language, translate the sentence to English language keeping the meaning of the original sentence intact
Example: Igbo sentence: Olee kwere omume?
Output: How is this possible
The English translation means the same as the original sentence in the Igbo language.
New input case for you: Igbo sentence: Mgbe GZ akpọ uwe ojii, o mere ihe ziri ezi, mgbe o kpebiri aga megide uche nke ikike, ọ tụfuru akara na ọnọdụ tụgharịa si niile na-ezighị ezi.
Output: | When GZ called police, he did the right thing, when he decided to go against the will of authority, he lost control and the situation turned out all wrong . | NIv2 | task449_opus_paracrawl_ig_en_translation | fs_opt |
Given a sentence in German, generate a new German sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
[Q]: Wenn Ihnen die Kerzen ausgehen, sollten Sie in den Laden gehen.
[A]: Wenn Ihnen die Bleistifte ausgehen, sollten Sie in den Notfall gehen.
[Q]: Sie würden das Gute Ihrer Freunde genießen, weil Ihre Freunde gut sind.
[A]: Sie würden die Gesellschaft Ihrer Freunde genießen, weil Ihre Geschwister lustig sind.
[Q]: Wenn Sie eine Mahlzeit kochen wollen, dann sollten Sie Ihre Zutaten bereit.
[A]: | Wenn Sie eine Soße kochen wollen, dann sollten Sie Ihre Taschen bereit haben.
| NIv2 | task416_mickey_de_sentence_perturbation_generation | fs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
A young woman walks through the hallways of an apartment building, looking for "Mr. Gunther". She walks into a room in the attic and the door closes and locks behind her. Inside the room, she finds rats in cages, as well as a woman (Sally Brown) in cage. Karl Gunther (Klaus Kinski) appears and says of the caged woman: "She can't talk. I cut her tongue off." Karl presses a button and a blade is shoved through the woman's back and sticks out of her chest, killing her. Karl smears some of the dead woman's blood from his finger into an inscribed bullet and loads it into a revolver. He points the gun to his head and the gun clicks. He puts the gun down and says: "So be it."Sometime later, Sophie Fisher (Tané) is in her apartment in the building, which is located in "a big city" somewhere in the USA. A man watches Sophie from her outside window on the ground floor, and Karl is seen also spying on her from behind an air vent. The man crawls through the window and surprises her, but it is only her boyfriend Hank (David Abbott), whom has come to visit her. Hank and Sophie kiss and spend time on her bed as they begin to have sex while Karl continues to watch them.The next day, a man comes to Karl's door of his apartment where he inquires about a vacant apartment advertised in the local newspaper. Karl takes one look at the man and tells him that it has been rented. But seconds after the man leaves, Lori Bancroft (Talia Balsam) enters the small urban apartment building and when she inquires about the vacant apartment, Karl hospitably takes her to it and shows her around the room. Karl introduces himself as the landlord and superintendent of the building and that the apartment was recently vacated by a young woman who disappeared without paying her rent. Karl explains about the building, the neighborhood and of the monthly rent. As Lori looks around the kitchen, Karl turns on the stove and puts his hand over the blue flame while Lori is not looking. Hiding his pain, Karl asks if she will take the apartment. Lori says yes, which prompts Karl to pull his hand away from the flame and shakes her hand with his other one. Later, Karl is back in his secret room in the attic writing in his diary and says that he is addicted to killing for it makes him feel alive. Martha, the tongueless woman in the cage, gives him a note saying: "Please kill me". Karl tells Martha that he cannot because he would have no one to talk to.The following day, Harriet Watkins (Barbara Whinnery), another resident of the apartment complex, arrives at her apartment with some groceries. Karl appears in the hallway and helps her with her bags. Seeing the bandage on his right hand, Harriet is about to ask him what happened and Karl tells her that he accidentally burned himself. Harriet talks to him about "vices" but he seems reluctant to discuss it.Later, all of the women of the building have a get-together to welcome Lori while Karl spies on them from the air vents. He pushes a few buttons on a remote control device and a small door opens in the room and a rat comes out. The women scream and jump up on furniture, but Lori just sits and laughs at it all.Back in her apartment, Lori hears clicking sounds and goes to Karl's front door. She tells him about the sounds, and he says that its probably just rats. In his diary, Karl writes of once being a doctor, practicing euthanasia ("mercy killing") and being ashamed at himself when learning, after reading his father's secret diary, that the Nazis used the same word when killing Jews. Karl plays Russian roulette with his gun hoping to someday kill himself to end his killing spree with what little morality he has left.A little later, Sophie is in her apartment playing her piano and singing, while Karl watches her from outside her window. He ducks away when he sees Hank. Hank notices Karl nearby and correctly assuming that he is also spying on Sophie, he moves in with a switchblade, while Karl pulls out a switchblade knife of his own. Later, Karl is back in his apartment where he puts two eyeballs into a jar of formaldehyde. He goes to his back room, points the gun at his head and pulls the trigger and it clicks. He tries the gun again and gets another click. "So be it," says Karl.A few days later, Josef Steiner (Kenneth Robert Shippy) arrives at the building and goes to Karl's front door. When Karl answers, Steiner claims that he has been searing for Karl for almost three years. Karl reluctantly lets him inside, and Steiner calls him a murderer. He says that in the five years that Karl was the chief resident at a hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina, 67 people under his care (all with routine illnesses) died, one of them being Steiner's brother. Steiner shows a photograph of Karl's father to him, dressed in a Nazi SS uniform, and some papers where Karl's father described instruments of torture for concentration camps and was executed over 30 years ago for "crimes against humanity". Karl tells Steiner to leave, and the man brings out a photograph of a young Karl, saluting in a Nazi uniform. When he is alone, Karl weeps.Later, Karl writes more in his diary about accidentally killing a healthy patient when he was a resident at a hospital in Nazi Germany in the early 1940s, and feeling no remorse. He began to understand the feelings that his equally sociopath father wrote about: it was god-like to the able to give life and then take it away.In his crawlspace by the vent, Karl spies on Jessica Marlow (Carl Francis), a local soap opera actress, who arrives back at her apartment with her boyfriend Alfred Lassiter (Jack Hiller). Karl begins to make clicking sounds in the vent by hitting his knife on a steel ball, and continues doing so after Jessica and Alfred are in bed having sex. Karl hears a sudden, sharp scream and he quickly crawls away and back into his apartment only to see that a pet cat of his had inadvertently set off one of his traps, leaving only a detached tail behind. "Sorry, kitty", says Karl.Back in Jessica's apartment, Alfred becomes irritated by the clicking sounds and leaves. He hears something outside the hall and goes into Karl's room. A little later, Karl is seen putting a severed finger (with Alfred's class ring on it) into another jar of formaldehyde.As Lori is preparing to take a bath, she hears clicks, and a large rat jumps out at her from the vent in the bathroom. She goes to Karl's front door and knocks but there is no answer. In his room, Karl crawls back and is setting up another trap, pushing a button on the arm of a chair and a spear shoots up from the seat.Another few days later, Steiner goes to Lori's apartment and tries getting information from her about Karl and how much she knows about him. Karl overhears them from his crawlspace behind the air vent and loads a dart gun and prepares to use it to shoot Steiner, but he changes his mind (surmising that it would not be painful enough). Lori asks the nosy Steiner to leave. He then heads up to Karl's door which is open and lets himself inside. Steiner sees swinging steel balls hanging from the ceiling. He sits in a chair and reads from Karl's diary. Karl appears in the room asking what he is doing. Steiner sees him, turns, and accidentally sets off the chair trap. Looking distraught, Karl runs to his back room, loads a single bullet into the revolver, spins it, and pulls the trigger three times only to get three clicks. "So be it," says Karl. He then goes up to his secret room in the attic and runs a film projector showing a movie of Hitler and the Nazis at a political rally. Karl proclaims: "I am my own god, my own jury, and my own executioner". He puts on an old SS uniform with a Nazi cap, looks at himself in a mirror and salutes: "Hail, Gunther!" He decides that now is the time to kill everyone who knows about him before the police show up looking for Steiner and the other murder victims.Later that same night, Lori returns home to her apartment and finds live rats in her refrigerator. Just then, Karl phones her where he tells her to look in her bathtub. Lori enters her bathroom and finds a dead Steiner floating in the blood-stained water with a swastika carved on his forehead. Lori runs out and sees Karl standing outside her window, wearing his Nazi uniform, with his face decorated up looking pasty white complete with blood red lipstick. He is hitting a small steel ball with a knife. Lori tries to run, but steel bars come down before her in the hallway, preventing her from running out of the building. Lori knocks on Sophie's door, forces it open, and finds Sophie dead, sitting at her piano having set off one of Karl's traps. Lori also finds Harriet dead in her apartment too from another one of Karl's traps.Lori runs upstairs to the secret room in the attic and looks for a place to hide. She finds Martha in her cage who points Lori to a hanging key. Lori tries to unlock the cage, but the two women hear Karl coming towards the front door. Martha points Lori to one of the crawlspace entrances in the floor, but that it is booby trapped. Lori takes off one of her sneakers and puts it in the entrance frame on the floor where a sensor activated blade slices off the top of the sneaker. With the trap sprung, Lori is able to enter the crawlspace and begins searching for a way to escape.Karl enters the room and releases a cage of rats into the crawlspace. Lori crawls around to evade the rats and goes to another crawlspace exit only to find herself in Jessica's apartment with a dead Jessica hanging from the ceiling after being caught in another of Karl's booby traps. Karl gets inside the crawlspace and begins crawling after Lori, and eventually speeds after her with a wheeled grate kept in the crawlspace. Lori manages to make it back to Karl's room again and gets Martha out of her cage with the key. Karl crawls out of the crawlspace and hides. Just then, Lori and Martha hear a reaction from Karl. They find Karl with a blade sticking from his chest before he collapses. Lori and Martha run out of the room. Karl's eyes begin to move, and he removes the "blade" from his chest. (This act was staged by Karl apparently to try to lure Lori or Martha close enough so he could kill them... which did not work.)Lori and Martha enter Karl's apartment where they see a phone. When Lori picks up the phone to call the police, she and Martha notice Karl standing in the doorway with a knife. As he approaches the two women, Lori sees the revolver that Karl plays Russian roulette with and grabs it. She points it at him and the gun clicks several times until finally there is a gunshot."So be it," says Karl.
| Question: Who crawls through the window and surprises Sophie?, Answer: Hank | NIv2 | task182_duorc_question_generation | zs_opt |
Teacher:Given a document, an entity and its sentiment towards the entity, verify if it is the correct sentiment towards the entity. Answer should be yes or no. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Verify if the sentiment of the following document towards the entity Maria Cantwell is Negative . But that bipartisan spirit was tested Thursday as Republican Chair Lisa Murkowski (Alaska) and ranking Democrat Maria Cantwell (Wash.) clashed over whether to open the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to drilling.
With the tax package on center stage in the House the senators sparred on the other side of the Capitol over whether to allow drilling on one of few undisturbed parcels of land in the United States. The sparring foreshadows the partisan rifts that are likely to divide the upper chamber over paying for a tax package that Republicans need to claim as an accomplishment.
âFor those of us who call Alaska home to suggest that we would despoil our environment for short-term gain is offensive â Murkowski said.
The committee meeting turned tense at times with Cantwell pressing her Republican counterpart about why the bipartisan energy bill has been abandoned to take up the ANWR question yet again.
âThis hearing is a great departure from the strong working relationship that Sen. Murkowski and I have set to work together on an energy agenda that will move our country forward â Cantwell said.
âI almost want to call this âcaribou for millionairesâ because it is the most ridiculous idea Iâve heard as it relates to meeting the tax reform agenda â she added.
Cantwell and Sen. Angus King (I-Maine) countered that that figure discounts the impact of roads airports and pipelines necessary to bring the oil out of the refuge and to the stateâs primary petroleum artery the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System.
At one point Cantwell held up a map showing she said that drilling âwill take up a significant portion of the refuge.â
Student: | no | NIv2 | task423_persent_document_sentiment_verification | zs_opt |
Q: A text is given in Marathi. Translate it from the Marathi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
या कार्यक्रमात सहभागी होणारे देशातील आणि परदेशातील विद्यार्थी अतिशय भाग्यवान आहेत कारण त्यांना भारतातील प्रतिष्ठित कलाकारांच्या एका नव्हे तर अनेक संगीत समारंभांना उपस्थित राहण्याची संधी मिळाली आहे.
A: | அதற்கு அந்த இசைக்கலைஞர் ஒரு குறிப்பிட்ட ராகத்தைக் குறிப்பிட்டு, பெரும்பாலான இசைக்கலைஞர்கள் அந்த ராகத்தை முறையாகப் பாடுவதே இல்லை; | NIv2 | task1083_pib_translation_marathi_tamil | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head happens after the Tail or not. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.
[EX Q]: Head: PersonX brings home a pineapple<sep>Tail: PersonX goes shopping at the grocers
[EX A]: Yes
[EX Q]: Head: PersonX achieves PersonY goal<sep>Tail: doesn't make sense
[EX A]: No
[EX Q]: Head: PersonX absolutely loved it<sep>Tail: PersonX went to see a movie
[EX A]: | Yes
| NIv2 | task1205_atomic_classification_isafter | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: Given a part of privacy policy text, identify the type of personal information which is collected, used, tracked or retained. The type of information should be present inside the given policy text, answer as 'Not Specified' otherwise
Problem:The site collects your cookies or tracking elements for marketing purposes. Collection happens when you implicitly provide information on the website, and your data is identifiable.
Solution: | Cookies and tracking elements | NIv2 | task684_online_privacy_policy_text_information_type_generation | zs_opt |
In this task, you will be given a list. The list is several integers and letters separated with a comma, written within a []. You can create new lists by dropping one of the items in the input list. Your task is to write a list containing all the possible lists you can make by dropping one item from the input list. For example, if the input list contains two items, you can drop one of the items each time. So the output should be a list comprising two inner lists that you have created by decreasing the items.
--------
Question: ['J', 'q', '4', '3']
Answer: [['J', 'q', '4'], ['J', 'q', '3'], ['J', '4', '3'], ['q', '4', '3']]
Question: ['8', 'f', 'A', 'D', 'l', '3']
Answer: [['8', 'f', 'A', 'D', 'l'], ['8', 'f', 'A', 'D', '3'], ['8', 'f', 'A', 'l', '3'], ['8', 'f', 'D', 'l', '3'], ['8', 'A', 'D', 'l', '3'], ['f', 'A', 'D', 'l', '3']]
Question: ['t', 'r', 't', 'B']
Answer: | [['t', 'r', 't'], ['t', 'r', 'B'], ['t', 't', 'B'], ['r', 't', 'B']]
| NIv2 | task208_combinations_of_list | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a sentence from the Bible in English, and your task is to translate it into Persian.
Q: Therefore the people came to Moses, and said, We have sinned, for we have spoken against the LORD, and against thee; pray unto the LORD, that he take away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people.
A: | و از آنجا کوچ کرده، به وادی زارد اردو زدند. | NIv2 | task655_bible_en_fa_translation | zs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task the focus is on physical knowledge about the world. Given the provided goal task in the input, describe a process that would lead to the asked outcome. This process often involves physical motions with objects, such as moving them, arranging them in a certain way, mixing them, shaking them, etc.
PROBLEM: Avoid getting electrocuted during a storm.
SOLUTION: Stay away from wet areas.
PROBLEM: How to remove hair from peach skin?
SOLUTION: Wash the peach in warm water, keep the tap running and then with a kitchen towel, gently rub the peach until the hair is removed, rinse again after wards
PROBLEM: To scrub dirty dishes without a hard sponge.
SOLUTION: | Use a mesh fruit bag like the ones that oranges come in. Instead of tossing it out, ball it up and use it as an effective scouring pad for dirty dishes.
| NIv2 | task080_piqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
instruction:
Given a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Filipino that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.
question:
こういった努力は、2万7000人以上の有資格陪審員による陪審義務の公式開始日の5月1日を控え、土壇場に来た。
answer:
Ang mga pagsisikap na iyon ay lumabas sa ulo ng balita ngayong araw na opisyal na magsisimula sa Mayo 1 ang tungkulin ng lupong tagahatol na may humigit na 27,000 bagong kwalipikadong hurado.
question:
ワシントンDCのメイフラワーホテルの宴会場で民主党の調停・統合のプロセスが開始し、大統領選に民主党代表として出馬すると推定されるバラク・オバマ氏とその妻も参加し、それぞれ2300ドルの小切手をヒラリー・クリントンを大統領にする会に対して発行した。
answer:
Ang paraan na pagka-sunduin at pag-isahin ang partido ng demokrasiya ay nagsimula sa ballroom ng Mayflower hotel sa Washington, DC na pinaniwalaang Demokratikong nominado sa pagka pangulo na si Barack Obama at ang kanyang may-bahay ay parehong isa-isang nag iisyu ng tseke na nagkakahalaga ng $2,300 sa lupon ng Hillary Clinton para sa pagka pangulo.
question:
「保護者は私に学校はたくさんの活動に満ちていて子供は現実世界に関係のない物事を与えられていると言っている。」
answer:
| "Sinasabi sa akin ng mga magulang na nahuli ang mga paaralan ng maraming aktibista at binibigyan ang mga bata ng mga bagay na hindi angkop sa tunay na mundo."
| NIv2 | task1118_alt_ja_fil_translation | fs_opt |
Teacher: A piece of text from one of these 5 languages - French, English, Dutch, Somali, Tagalog is given. Generate the language to which the text belongs.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Text: Cheval de soins pour les enfants de 3 ans!
Solution: French
Reason: The given text is in French language
Now, solve this instance: Text: Zwaarden zoals deze worden teruggevonden overal in Noord-Europa.
Student: | Dutch | NIv2 | task447_opus_paracrawl_classification | fs_opt |
This task is to identify the language of a sentence correctly by classifying if it is English or Telugu
Example input: ఇల్లు అందంగా ఉంది
Example output: Telugu
Example explanation: The language is Telugu so it is correct.
Q: 123456తర్వాత> >> పేజీ 1/14
A: | Telugu | NIv2 | task1618_cc_alligned_classify_tel_eng | fs_opt |
Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Context: To compare rates of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) among women who did and did not receive an intrauterine device (IUD) the day they sought emergency contraception (EC) or pregnancy testing.', 'Women, 15 to 45\xa0years of age, who sought EC or pregnancy testing from an urban family planning clinic completed surveys at the time of their clinic visit (August 22, 2011, to May 30, 2013) and 3 months after their clinic visit. The surveys assessed contraceptive use and symptoms, testing, and treatment for sexually transmitted infections (STI) and PID. We reviewed the medical records of participants who reported IUD placement within 3\xa0months of enrollment and abstracted de-identified electronic medical record (EMR) data on all women who sought EC or pregnancy testing from the study clinic during the study period.', 'During the study period, 1,060 women visited the study clinic; 272 completed both enrollment and follow-up surveys. Among survey completers with same-day IUD placement, PID in the 3\xa0months after enrollment was not more common (1/28 [3.6%]; 95% CI, 0%-10.4%) than among women who did not have a same-day IUD placed (11/225 [4.9%]; 95% CI, 2.7%-8.6%; p\xa0=\xa0.71). Chart review and EMR data similarly showed that rates of PID within 3\xa0months of seeking EC or pregnancy testing were low whether women opted for same-day or delayed IUD placement.
Answer: Same-day IUD placement was not associated with higher rates of PID. Concern for asymptomatic STI should not delay IUD placement, and efforts to increase the uptake of this highly effective reversible contraception should not be limited to populations at low risk of STI. | Is same-day intrauterine device placement rarely complicated by pelvic infection? | NIv2 | task845_pubmedqa_question_generation | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a sentence in the Swedish language and a corresponding English translation of the Swedish sentence. Your task is to generate a label "Yes" if the translation is correct, otherwise generate label "No".
Swedish: Det intresserar inte de stora grupperna i detta parlament, och inte heller de flesta av de fackföreningar som i ord anstränger sig att försvara den europeiska förvaltningen, men som i själva verket bara är intresserade av att skydda sina egna medlemmar, och att därvid på ett diskutabelt vis använder de omfattande maktbefogenheter de tilldelats.
English: It would be advisable to bear these arguments in mind when the relationship between supply and demand in protein-rich crops is discussed tomorrow.
Output: | No | NIv2 | task314_europarl_sv-en_classification | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a paragraph and title from the research paper. Your task is to classify whether the given title is suitable or not for the research paper based on the given paragraph. Return "True" if title is proper according to paragraph else "False".
See one example below:
Problem: Paragraph: The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic originating from China in 2002 was caused by a previously uncharacterized coronavirus that could be identified by specific RT-PCR amplification. Efforts to control future SARS outbreaks depend on the accurate and early identification of SARS-CoV infected patients. A real-time fluorogenic RT-PCR assay based on the 3 -noncoding region (3 -NCR) of SARS-CoV genome was developed as a quantitative SARS diagnostic tool. The ideal amplification efficiency of a sensitive SARS-CoV RT-PCR assay should yield an E value (PCR product concentration increase per amplification cycle) equal to 2.0. It was demonstrated that the 3 -NCR SARS-CoV based RT-PCR reactions could be formulated to reach excellent E values of 1.81, or 91% amplification efficacy. The SARS-CoV cDNA preparations derived from viral RNA extract and the cloned recombinant plasmid both exhibit the identical amplification characteristics, i.e. amplification efficacy using the same PCR formulation developed in this study. The viral genomic copy (or genomic equivalences, GE) per infectious unit (GE/pfu) of SARS-CoV used in this study was also established to be approximate 1200-1600:1. The assay's detection sensitivity could reach 0.005 pfu or 6-8 GE per assay. It was preliminarily demonstrated that the assay could efficiently detect SARS-CoV from clinical specimens of SARS probable and suspected patients identified in Taiwan. The 3 -NCR based SARS-CoV assay demonstrated 100% diagnostic specificity testing samples of patients with acute respiratory disease from a non-SARS epidemic region.
Title: Development and evaluation of an efficient 3 -noncoding region-based SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) RT-PCR assay for detection of SARS-CoV
Solution: True
Explanation: The answer is true because the title of the paragraph is correct where it described the development of 3 -noncoding region of SARS-CoV genome and assay efficiently detecting SARS-CoV from clinical specimens.
Problem: Paragraph: Bats are increasingly implicated as hosts of highly pathogenic viruses. The underlying virus-host interactions and cellular mechanisms that promote co-existence remain ill-defined, but physiological traits such as flight and longevity are proposed to drive these adaptations. Autophagy is a cellular homeostatic process that regulates ageing, metabolism, and intrinsic immune defense. We quantified basal and stimulated autophagic responses in black flying fox cells, and demonstrated that although black flying fox cells are susceptible to Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV) infection, viral replication is dampened in these bat cells. Black flying fox cells tolerated prolonged ABLV infection with less cell death relative to comparable human cells, suggesting post-entry mechanisms interference with virus replication. An elevated basal autophagic level was observed and autophagy was induced in response to high virus doses. Pharmacological stimulation of the autophagy pathway reduced virus replication, indicating autophagy acts as an anti-viral mechanism. Enhancement of basal and virus-induced autophagy in bat cells connects related reports that long-lived species possess homeostatic processes that dampen oxidative stress and macromolecule damage. Exemplifying the potential that evolved cellular homeostatic adaptations like autophagy may secondarily act as anti-viral mechanisms, enabling bats to serve as natural hosts to an assortment of pathogenic viruses. Furthermore, our data suggest autophagy-inducing drugs may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for combating lyssavirus infection. Viruses 2019, 11, 260 2 of 18 (EBOV) [9], and MARV [3,4,10], seroconverted, but did not develop pathology and only a minority of infected bats shed low level of virus in urine (NiV) [8] or high levels of virus orally (MARV) [4]. This combination of host-viral richness and apparent lack of clinical disease presentation after NiV, HeV, EBOV, or MARV infection raises the question how novel intrinsic traits or host adaptations might promote tolerance of virus infection in bats [11, 12] . As bats are the only volant mammals, flight has been proposed to contribute to the ability of bats to function as natural reservoirs [11] [12] [13] . The aerobic demands of flight experienced by bats is higher than the aerobic demands of other terrestrial mammals experienced during aerobic exertion [14] . Positive selection of genes involved in DNA-damage repair pathways [11] and reduced free-radical production [15] in bats suggest an evolved response to the deleterious effects of an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the high aerobic demands of flight. Cellular ageing occurs through a progressive accumulation of damaged organelles, misfolded and aggregated proteins, and dysregulation of cellular homeostatic processes [16, 17] . ROS can cause oxidative damage to macromolecules and DNA [18] , and ultimately contribute to cellular ageing. However, bats have a greater longevity [19] than what is typically projected in relation to their body size [20, 21] , and resistance to oxidative stress has been observed in long-lived bat species [22, 23] . Furthermore, the loss of DNA sensors in the PYHIN family [24] and decreased activity of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) [12] , may contribute to dampened inflammatory responses to the release of cytosolic DNA due to metabolic-related DNA damage or microbial infection [25] . In addition, enhanced protein homeostatic mechanisms, such as macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy), were observed in bat cells [26] . At the crossroads of DNA-damage, oxidative stress, and microbial infection [27, 28] , autophagy, is a proteostatic process involved in cellular homeostasis, longevity, and survival [29, 30] . Canonically regarded as a response to starvation, the autophagy pathway recycles long-lived proteins, misfolded proteins, and damaged organelles during times of nutrient depletion. However, there are also multiple examples of selective autophagic pathways that utilize specific protein receptors to traffic ubiquitinated target organelles and proteins into cytoplasmic double-membraned vesicles, termed autophagosomes [31] . In addition to cellular stressors such as DNA damage and ROS, pathogen-recognition receptors can activate distinct autophagic processes as part of an intrinsic immune response [32] [33] [34] . For example, "xenophagy" shuttles intracellular microbes to autolysosomes for lysis, whereas "aggrephagy" removes toxic protein aggregates [35, 36] . Aerobic demands, ROS, nutritional starvation, or virus infections are all physical stressors that challenge cellular homeostasis [37] . Virus exploitation of host cell transcriptional and translational machinery ensures successful replication, but can trigger the unfolded protein response [38] , and dysregulation of cellular homeostatic mechanisms [39] . Therefore, if bats have evolved mechanisms to dampen cellular damage caused by the by-products of heightened aerobic respiration through improved proteostatic mechanisms, then these same proteostatic mechanisms might also function as anti-viral defenses. We undertook a comparative study to examine host-pathogen interactions in bat versus human cells, focusing on the potential anti-viral or pro-survival mechanism of autophagy. For this study we chose to utilize Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV), a neurotropic rabies-related virus that naturally infects black flying foxes (Pteropus alecto) [40, 41] , but is classified as a biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) pathogen. Pteropus species are also the natural reservoirs of several zoonotic viruses including HeV, NiV [2], and Menangle virus [42, 43] . Cell lines have been established from the black flying fox [44] , which with the publication of its reference genome [11] , has been promoted as a model bat species. Black flying fox cell lines have been used to investigate the interferon response [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] , as well as transcriptomic and proteomic responses after HeV infection [51] . We rescued a modified recombinant ABLV expressing a green fluorescent protein (rABLV-GFP) and used both rABLV-GFP and a wild-type ABLV (wt-ABLV) to examine the role of autophagy after virus infection. In black flying fox cells, the basal level of autophagy was significantly higher than the levels of autophagy quantified in the human cell line used for comparative purposes. We observed that ABLV infection activated the autophagy pathway
Title: Enhanced Autophagy Contributes to Reduced Viral Infection in Black Flying Fox Cells
Solution: | True | NIv2 | task1162_coda19_title_classification | fs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you are given inputs i,j, and A, where i and j are integers and A is a list. You need to list all elements of A from the ith element to the jth element. i and j will be non-negative, and will always have a value less than the length of A. i will always be less than j.
Input: 3, 4, ['1255', 'i', 'n', 'H']
Output: | n, H | NIv2 | task091_all_elements_from_index_i_to_j | zs_opt |
Instructions: In this task you will be given a list of lists, of numbers. For every inner list, you should multiply every number in that list and put the results in your answer. The output should be a list of numbers with the same length as the number of the lists in the input list.
Input: [[-34, -44, 12], [-48, -5, 9, 21, -14], [50, 8], [-14, 20, 40, -41, 26], [28, 24, 37, 2], [3, -33, 50, 14], [-26, 14, 14]]
Output: | [17952, -635040, 400, 11939200, 49728, -69300, -5096] | NIv2 | task371_synthetic_product_of_list | zs_opt |
In this task the focus is on physical knowledge about the world. Given the provided goal task in the input, describe a process that would lead to the asked outcome. This process often involves physical motions with objects, such as moving them, arranging them in a certain way, mixing them, shaking them, etc.
Example: How do you remove keys from a computer keyboard for cleaning?
Example solution: Place the tip of a knife under the corner of a key and gently twist to pop it off.
Example explanation: The process of removing keys from a keyboard for cleaning is descriptive and logical.
Problem: How can you rewire your brain into being more happy?
| Solution: Every day, recall three things you are grateful for. Do this for 21 days. | NIv2 | task080_piqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |