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Long term consequences of mild head injury in children are underdiagnosed, causing prolonged suffering. A new study by Tel Aviv University, Kaplan Medical Center and Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh) found that one in four children (25.3%) who have been discharged from the emergency room after a mild head injury are misdiagnosed and continue to suffer from persistent post-concussion syndrome for many years. The syndrome includes chronic symptoms such as memory loss, psychological issues and sensitivity to light and noise, which can be misdiagnosed as symptoms of ADHD, depression or sleeping disorders. The misdiagnosis results in the children receiving treatment that is not suited to their condition, which causes them prolonged suffering. The study was led by Prof. Shai Efrati of the Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research at Tel Aviv University and Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Dr. Uri Bella and Dr. Eli Fried of Kaplan Medical Center, and Prof. Eran Kotzer of Shamir Medical Center. The results of the study were published in the journal Scientific Reports. The researchers examined 200 children who suffered from a head injury and who were released from the emergency room after the need for medical intervention was ruled out. They tracked the subjects for a period between six months and three years, and found that about one in four children released from the emergency room suffered from the chronic syndrome. Long-Term Monitoring Needed According to the researchers, the alarming findings demonstrate that changes in the approach are needed to be monitoring and treating these children. “Persistent post-concussion syndrome is a chronic syndrome that results from micro damage to the small blood vessels and nerves, which may appear several months after the head injury. As a result, it often gets misdiagnosed as attention deficit disorders, sleep disorders, depression, and so on,” explains Prof. Shai Efrati. “The purpose of an emergency room diagnosis is to determine whether the child suffers from a severe brain injury that requires immediate medical intervention,” adds Prof. Eran Kotzer, Director of the Emergency Rooms at the Shamir Medical Center. “Unfortunately, the way most medical systems operate today, we miss long-term effects and do not continue to monitor those children who leave the emergency room without visible motor impairment.” “Treatment for a wide range of disorders will change if we know that the cause of the new problem is a brain injury,” concludes Prof. Efrati. “Proper diagnosis of the cause is the first and most important step in providing appropriate treatment for the problem.”

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https://www.freunde-tau.org/minor-head-injury-leads-to-chronic-post-concussion-syndrome-in-1-of-4-children/

2024-10-04T23:37:04Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

Discovery of teeth in Manot Cave sheds light on a population known for its cultural contributions, TAU researchers say Who exactly were the Aurignacians, who lived in the Levant 40,000 years ago? Researchers from Tel Aviv University, the Israel Antiquities Authority, and Ben-Gurion University now report that these culturally sophisticated yet mysterious humans migrated from Europe to the Levant some 40,000 years ago, shedding light on a significant era in the region’s history. The Aurignacian culture first appeared in Europe some 43,000 years ago and is known for having produced bone tools, artifacts, jewelry, musical instruments, and cave paintings. For years, researchers believed that modern man’s entry into Europe led to the rapid decline of the Neanderthals, either through violent confrontation or wresting control of food sources. But recent genetic studies have shown that Neanderthals did not vanish. Instead, they assimilated into modern human immigrant populations. The new study adds further evidence to substantiate this theory. Through cutting-edge dental research on six human teeth discovered at Manot Cave in the Western Galilee, Dr. Rachel Sarig of TAU’s Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research and Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute in collaboration with Dr. Omry Barzilai of the Israel Antiquities Authority and colleagues in Austria and the United States, have demonstrated that Aurignacians arrived in modern-day Israel from Europe some 40,000 years ago — and that these Aurignacians comprised Neanderthals and Homo sapiens alike. Teeth stand the test of time “Unlike bones, teeth are preserved well because they’re made of enamel, the substance in the human body most resistant to the effects of time,” Dr. Sarig explains. “The structure, shape, and topography or surface bumps of the teeth provided important genetic information. We were able to use the external and internal shape of the teeth found in the cave to associate them with typical hominin groups: Neanderthal and Homo sapiens.” The researchers performed in-depth lab tests using micro-CT scans and 3D analyses on four of the teeth. The results surprised the researchers: Two teeth showed a typical morphology for Homo sapiens; one tooth showed features characteristic of Neanderthals; the last tooth showed a combination of Neanderthal and Homo sapiens features. This combination of Neanderthal and modern human features has, to date, been found only in European populations from the early Paleolithic period, suggesting their common origin. A first-of-its-kind discovery “Following the migration of European populations into this region, a new culture existed in the Levant for a short time, approximately 2,000-3,000 years. It then disappeared for no apparent reason,” adds Dr. Sarig. “Now we know something about their makeup.” “Until now, we hadn’t found any human remains with valid dating from this period in Israel,” adds Prof. Israel Hershkovitz, head of the Dan David Center, “so the group remains a mystery. This groundbreaking study contributes to the story of the population responsible for some of the world’s most important cultural contributions.”

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https://www.freunde-tau.org/study-shows-europeans-migrated-to-the-levant-40000-years-ago/

2024-10-04T23:26:16Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

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Listeria Questions and Answers What is Listeria? Listeria is a type of bacteria that can contaminate food and cause illness. Unlike other foodborne illness causing bacteria, Listeria thrives in cool, and damp environments. Listeria is persistent and grows in cool temperatures, even as low as 31 degrees F. When food comes into contact with surfaces that are contaminated with Listeria, the bacteria can grow rapidly on the food despite aggressive cleaning and sanitizing. Listeria can contaminate luncheon meats like hot dogs, cold cuts, and dry sausages. Listeria may also be found in unpasteurized (raw) milk, soft cheeses, smoked seafood, and salads, such as ham salad, chicken salad, or seafood salad. Lastly, Listeria can also be present in soil and can contaminate raw vegetables and fruits. What is listeriosis? Listeriosis is the illness caused by Listeria. If people eat foods contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes, they can get sick with listeriosis. Infection can be serious. It is most likely to sicken pregnant people and their newborns, adults aged 65 or older, and people with weakened immune systems. It is rare for people in other groups to get seriously ill with listeriosis. According to the CDC, roughly 1,600 people contract listeriosis each year, and approximately 260 die from the illness. What are the symptoms of listeriosis? The symptoms of listeriosis are diverse and range from mild to serious. Listeriosis is especially dangerous for at-risk groups such as pregnant people and their unborn babies, newborns, older adults, those with weakened immune systems. People receiving some medical treatments, such as chemotherapy for treatment of cancer, are at high risk. Symptoms in people with invasive listeriosis, meaning the bacteria has spread beyond the gut, depend on whether the person is pregnant. Pregnant people typically experience only fever and other flu-like symptoms, such as fatigue and muscle aches. However, infections during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, premature delivery, or life-threatening infection of the newborn. People who are not pregnant may experience symptoms that include headache, stiff neck, confusion, loss of balance, and convulsions, in addition to fever and muscle aches. Gastrointestinal symptoms usually appear within a few hours to 2 to 3 days but can sometimes appear 2 to 6 weeks after eating the contaminated food. In some cases, it may take up to 2 months for symptoms to appear. In healthy individuals, listeriosis typically causes mild symptoms which last for only a few days. Listeriosis can also cause death in people with weakened immune systems and the elderly. Contact your healthcare provider if you’re experiencing one or more of the mentioned symptoms, and suspect you’ve eaten food that was possibly contaminated with Listeria within the past 2 months. How can you prevent listeriosis? Fortunately, listeriosis can be prevented by following the steps below: - Wash hands for 20 seconds with soap and water before preparing and handling food. - Keep your refrigerator sanitary. Clean up any spills or food left sitting on the shelves or walls of your refrigerator. - Clean and sanitize any surfaces, such as tabletops, that food may touch. - Consider using paper towels to clean kitchen surfaces. If you use cloth towels, wash them often in the hot cycle of a washing machine. - Never drink raw milk or soft cheeses made with unpasteurized milk. - Separate deli meats from raw meat and poultry products and their juices, so that they do not become contaminated. - Keep deli meats refrigerated below 40 degrees F. Once they are opened, use or freeze within 3-5 days The following groups are at higher risk of getting very sick from Listeriosis: Pregnant mothers, people with weakened immune systems and adults 65 years old or older. Those who belong to the groups mentioned above should avoid eating the following: - Deli meats and hot dogs that haven’t been heated to an internal temperature of 165 degrees F. - Refrigerated smoked seafood that isn’t canned, shelf-stable or fully cooked. - Sprouts that are not fully cooked. - Any soft cheeses that aren’t made with pasteurized milk. Lastly, everyone should remember the four steps to food safety: clean, separate, cook and chill: - Clean—Always wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds before and after handling raw meat and poultry. - Separate—Use separate cutting boards, plates and utensils to avoid cross-contamination between raw meat or poultry and foods that are ready to eat. When cooking and preparing multiple foods, it can be easy to spread bacteria throughout your kitchen. - Cook—Confirm your meat and poultry products are cooked to a safe internal temperature by using a food thermometer. - Chill—foods promptly if not consuming immediately after cooking. Do not leave food at room temperature for longer than two hours. CDC’s Website: Listeria (Listeriosis)

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.fsis.usda.gov/es/node/4948

2024-10-05T00:47:34Z

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Stroking the lateral part of the sole of the foot with a fairly sharp object produces plantar flexion of the big toe; often there is also flexion and adduction of the other toes. This normal response is termed the flexor plantar reflex. People also ask What response is normal when testing the plantar reflex? What is a positive Babinski sign? What is a normal plantar movement? Should plantar reflexes be downgoing? Babinski Reflex (Plantar Reflex): What It Is & What It Indicates my.clevelandclinic.org › health › articles › babinski-reflex-plantar-reflex Aug 19, 2024 · The Babinski sign is the upward movement of your baby's toes when you stroke the bottom of their foot. This reflex disappears by age 2. The plantar reflex is a reflex elicited when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. The reflex can take one of two forms. Plantar Reflex - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics www.sciencedirect.com › topics › medicine-and-dentistry › plantar-reflex A normal plantar reflex results in flexion of all the toes. A positive test (Babinski sign) involves dorsiflexion of the great toe alone or in combination with ... Jan 23, 2023 · The Babinski reflex occurs after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked. The big toe then moves upward or toward the top surface of the foot. The normal response is flexion of all the toes. The abnormal response is called a Babinski sign and consists of extension of the great toe and fanning of the ... If the toes deviate downward, then the reflex is absent. If there is no movement, this is considered a neutral response and has no clinical significance. ... Babinski Reflex: What Does a Positive Babinski Reflex Mean? www.webmd.com › Parenting › Baby › Reference Feb 15, 2024 · The Babinski reflex — also called the plantar reflex — is a response to stimulation of the bottom of the foot. It can help doctors evaluate ... The normal response to stroking the lateral aspect of the plantar surface of the foot is extension of the great toe and fanning of the other toes.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.google.com.tr/search?sca_esv=d94547299ff31373&sca_upv=1&ie=UTF-8&q=Normal+plantar+reflex&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi-i-ml1MGIAxV0FVkFHRRcKcoQ1QJ6BAgHEA4

2024-10-05T00:28:04Z

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Coastal change assessment is an important component of informed coastal risk management and evidence-based climate resilience planning and adaptation on regional, national, and European levels. For this reason, Geological Survey Ireland has embarked on the Coastal Change Assessment Project. To ensure timely/time-critical data availability for stakeholders and end users, it comprises two elements: - Shoreline Change Assessment: Shoreline change is based on erosion and accretion rates for soft coasts analysed for the period between 2000 and 2021 for each coastal county. The results from this assessment analyses past trends of coastal change, to indicate where potential exposure may lie in the future, but they are not predictive. Shoreline Change Assessment yields shoreline change rates and classes which are then incorporated into development of CVI. - Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI): CVI is one of the most commonly used methods to assess coastal vulnerability to sea level rise, in particular due to erosion and/or inundation. The CVI considers several coastal indicators or variables that in the Irish context were found to contribute to, or be indicative of, sea-level related coastal change: geomorphology, cliff type, coastline orientation, regional coastal slope, tidal range, significant wave height, relative sea level rise, and long-term shoreline erosion and accretion rates. The results are intended to support coastal management plans and the refinement of national and local climate adaptation plans.

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https://www.gsi.ie/en-ie/programmes-and-projects/marine-and-coastal-unit/projects/Pages/National-Coastal-Change-Assessment.aspx

2024-10-04T23:49:38Z

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This research article focuses on the potential hazards caused by geoelectric fields in Ireland. Geoelectric fields are electric fields created at the Earth's surface during geomagnetic storms. These fields can trigger electrical currents, known as geomagnetically induced currents (GIC), in infrastructure like power grids, railways, and pipelines, which can cause significant issues. The team behind this study has developed the first geoelectric field hazard map for Ireland. This map aims to provide useful information to those involved in infrastructure planning and management, helping them to mitigate the impact of GICs. The research found that certain areas - namely the northern coast, and the west and southwest of Ireland - are more likely to experience large geoelectric fields. It was also discovered that these electric fields have a strong directional component. This means that the hazardous effects of geoelectric fields could be more significant if the infrastructure, such as power networks, are aligned in the same direction as the field.

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https://www.gsi.ie/en-ie/publications/Pages/New-Article-on-Mapping-Geoelectric-Field-Hazards-in-Ireland-in-Space-Weather-Journal.aspx

2024-10-05T00:18:21Z

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These healthier treats are perfect for kids. They contain no refined sugar, syrups or honey and are sweetened ONLY with fruit. Using Fruit as a Sweetener - Fresh fruit is great to use as a sweetener and I have been using it in desserts/baking ever since my kids were babies. Although not as sweet as sugar, syrups, honey and dried fruit etc, it still provides a subtle sweetness that is perfect for little ones. - Dried Fruit / Fruit Juice - Fruit is a source of natural sugar and dried fruit/fruit juice is a concentrated form of this. As my kids got older I started to add dried fruit and fruit juice to increase the sweetness of their homemade treats. By this time they had been exposed to more sugary foods and were used to sweeter flavours. Why I Love Using Fruit to Make Healthier Treats - Children can see fruit being used in different ways (get them helping in the kitchen!) - Fruits can provide different flavours as well as sweetness - Contains added nutritional benefits. Some of the healthier treats, listed below, are only sweetened with fresh fruit and I would be happy enough to serve these, daily, as part of a breakfast or snack. However, the products with a lot of dried fruit would be occasional treats for my kids. If I was to allow the boys to snack on these throughout the day then I know meal times would more of a battle. - Sweet Potato Muffins - Sweet potato puree and raisins make these little muffins perfectly sweet for little ones' pallets. - Carrot and Apple Muffins - These muffins not only have fruit in them but also some veggies. Win, win! - Blender Muffins - Whizz up the batter of these quickly in your blender, pour into muffin trays and top with berries before baking. Oat Bars / Cookies - Mango and Coconut Oat Bars - Sweetened with mango and coconut, these oat bars are perfect for breakfast. - Banana and Orange Oat Toddler Bites (My Fussy Eater) - Three simple ingredients are all that is needed to make these delicious oat bites. - Banana Oat Cookies Fun to make with the kids and a great alternative to cookies packed with sugar. The base recipe is made with only two ingredients but you and your kids can have fun experimenting with the different add-ins suggested. - Apple Pancakes Apple and cinnamon, a match made in heaven. Make sure you leave some of these for the kids! - Green Pancakes Spinach turns these pancakes a fun green colour! Jelly / Gummies - Orange Juice Gummies (Kids Eat by Shani) These gummies would be a fun and delicious treat to serve at a kids' party. - Fruit Juice Jelly Top this simple jelly with some gorgeous berries to make a delicious dessert for a kids' party. - Blueberry Breakfast Balls How amazing is the colour of these balls? They are named breakfast balls but are also perfect as a healthier treat. - Apple Pie Bliss Balls (Goodie Goodie Lunch Box) All the flavours of apple pie in a convenient little ball. - Frozen Watermelon Push Pops (Eats Amazing) Remember push pops? Kids will love this healthy version. - Mango Frozen Yoghurt So refreshing and perfect as a summer treat. - Frozen Banana Bites Store these bites in the freezer and enjoy as an after school snack Hopefully, there is a healthier treat (or two) on this list that your kids will love. Why not get your kids involved with making them too 🙂 If you do try any of the recipes I'd love to know which ones and whether your kids enjoyed them. Please leave a comment below or tag your pictures on Instagram @healthylittlefoodies *This post was originally posted Dec 2016 but has been updated with new photos and recipe links.

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https://www.healthylittlefoodies.com/delicious-kids-treats-sweetened-only-with-fruit/

2024-10-04T23:41:49Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

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The Center for Latin American and Border Studies (CLABS) at New Mexico State University (NMSU) was created in 1979 after receiving generous grants from the Nason Family and other sources. The Center’s mission is to promote excellence in teaching, research and community outreach on issues concerning Latin America, the US-Mexico border, and border studies in general. The Center hosts lectures, workshops and conferences, supports outreach activities with local communities and schools, and promotes undergraduate and graduate courses in Latin American and Border Studies at NMSU. It is located in Las Cruces in southern New Mexico, less than an hour from the Mexican border city of Ciudad Juárez. The Center accomplishes this mission by pursuing the following broad objectives: • Stimulate scholarship on Latin America • Encourage excellence in academic programs related to Latin America • Provide outreach to the public and to public schools on Latin America • Encourage grant writing relevant to Latin America • Serve as a clearinghouse for activities related to Latin America on the NMSU campus CLABS serves the entire NMSU community and is governed by an advisory board, whose members include representatives from all Colleges at NMSU as well as community members. Within the board, there are five sub-committees working on various projects. CLABS offices are in the Nason House, a historical Prairie School Architectural building protected by the city of Las Cruces and the State of New Mexico. In 1918, Henry C. Trost designed the Nason House for the President of the New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. During its 61 years (1919-1980) as a residence, it housed nine families. Between 1981 and 1983, the former residence was renovated to accommodate the Center for Latin American and Border Studies. In 1987, the building was dedicated to Willoughby Nason, an NMSU 33-year-old Vietnam War Veteran graduate student who died suddenly in 1979, prior to completion of a master’s degree thesis on Mexican Revolutionary War History. A memorial fund was also established in honor of Willoughby Nason and is used to provide scholarships to undergraduate and graduate students with interests in Latin American studies. Inside the house, The Center has a reading room containing a vast collection of more than 2,000 books, artifacts, prints, and photographs concerning Latin America, collected by Willoughby Nason’s father, Charles. The collection has a number of unique and rare items, including books that deal with the early explorations of Central America and a collection of rare archaeological items from Meso-America. His father was an engineer in Guatemala and was the inspiration for his interest in Latin America. Within the building is the “Charles and Willoughby Nason Reading Room” where visitors can view the extensive book collection and artifacts. The Center has had many directors over the years. Most recently, In August 2020, former NMSU Provost Carol Parker appointed Dr. David G. Ortiz as the Provost’s inaugural faculty fellow to lead CLABS. During his tenure, the Center has offered academic and student support in various ways. CLABS has awarded 18 scholarships to graduate and undergraduate students to support research and studies in Latin America totaling more than $10,000 dollars. The Center currently supports the Latin American Studies supplementary major at NMSU and helped with the creation of the newly established Transborder and Global Human Dynamics Ph.D. program at NMSU. CLABS also supports SALAS, the Student Association for Latin American Studies, and advises students interested in, or participating in, the Latin American Studies supplementary major. As part of its recent scholarly efforts, CLABS has hosted an ongoing speaker series highlighting the work of more than 30 scholars, practitioners, and governmental and non-governmental individuals whose expertise is in Latin American and U.S.-Mexico Border issues. The series is broadcasted via Zoom every month and it is attended by an average of 175 people from around the world. The speaker series talks are also recorded and posted on the CLABS YouTube channel for public viewing.The Center has also organized an international symposium on the “Impacts, Responses, and Challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from Latin America, the Caribbean, and the US-Mexico Borderlands” that consisted of 20 panelists from Mexico, Spain, NMSU, UTEP, UC Boulder, UC San Diego, and New Mexico’s Infectious Disease Epidemiology Bureau, amongst others. CLABS has co-sponsored and hosted several international conferences including the Rocky Mountain Council for Latin American Studies, and the First and Second Binational Mental Health Conferences which were attended by more than 3,000 participants. CLABS has also sponsored many different organizations and events within NMSU that share our common interests, such as the Diversity and Dialogue Reading Series, Imagining and Shaping Pluriversities Dialogue Series, Latino Week Event, Chicano Programs Scholarly Talks, Borderlands and Ethnics Studies Programs Talk Series, Center for Border and Economic Development (C-BED) Speaker Series, and the Education & Mental Health Beyond Borders: Tearing Down Walls Symposium, to name a few. As part of its dissemination and community engagement efforts, CLABS also houses a searchable database of NMSU Faculty with interests in Latin America and the U.S.- Mexico Border. This includes personalized pages for each scholar. The webpage is periodically updated for CLABS events, co-sponsored events, scholarships, student resources, board and committee meeting information, as well as information and links to grants, projects, and other NMSU organizations that have similar interests. In 2022, the Center was a co-host for the Inter-American Institute of Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA) visit to NMSU, where an agenda for cooperation was established between our institutions. Finally, CLABS has a large social media presence to disseminate efforts to the public at large, with Facebook, X, Instagram, and YouTube accounts. Follow us @NMSUCLABS if you want to find out more about our activities, and if you find yourselves in southern New Mexico, please come by and visit us. We would love to welcome you! About the author David G. Ortiz is Associate Professor and Department Head of Sociology, as well as Inaugural Faculty Fellow for the Center for Latin American and Border Studies (CLABS) at New Mexico State University. He was born in Mexico City and served as international observer in elections throughout Latin America with Alianza Cívica and President Jimmy Carter. Nason House: https://clabs.nmsu.edu/nason-house/index.html CLABS Overview: https://clabs.nmsu.edu/index.html

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https://www.hispanicoutlook.com/articles/nmsus-center-for-latin-american-and-border-studies-promoting-academic-excellence-and-community-outreach

2024-10-04T23:25:33Z

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Russian war in Ukraine is the first example of a full-scale cyber war. A dramatic increase in the number of cyberattacks and critical cyber incidents was observed in Ukraine in 2022 compared to previous years. Most of the attacks were targeted at state entities and critical infrastructure and were conducted by the special services of the russian federation, particularly the FSB and GRU APT groups. The goal of the attacks was to destroy Ukraine and cause maximum suffering to its people. No other country in the whole world has faced such massive attacks aimed at wiping out IT infrastructure. Various types of attacks were performed, including DDoS, website defacing, data theft, and the use of wipers. The cyberattacks were combined with psychological information operations and were often accompanied by kinetic attacks. However, despite the ongoing cyber aggression, Ukraine has developed protocols, algorithms, techniques, and tools to counter cyberattacks and has successfully learned to use them even under constant missile shelling and cyber pressure. Intervento a cura di: Ivan Kalabashkin, Deputy Head of the Directorate, Security Service of Ukraine La partecipazione all’evento è gratuita previa registrazione online al seguente link: I posti sono limitati, potrà partecipare alla conferenza esclusivamente chi ha ricevuto il biglietto di ingresso a seguito dell’iscrizione.

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https://www.ictsecuritymagazine.com/notizie/ukraine-in-cyberspace-1-year-after/

2024-10-05T01:04:16Z

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Iris unguicularis flowers intermittently from November to February and was first introduced into cultivation from Algeria by the British botanist, the Hon. William Herbert (1788 – 1847). The true species of I. unguicularis has deep violet petals with white and deep yellow at the base of each fall. The petals of ‘Kilbroney Marble’ have the addition of marbling on each of the petals making them particularly interesting and attractive. It arose in a garden in Co Down and was originally propagated and distributed by the famous Slieve Donard Nursery. Vita Sackville West wrote: “Kindliness, so far as the Algerian iris is concerned, consists in starving it. Rich cultivation makes it run to leaf rather than to flower.” E. A. Bowles commented that “…the older a clump grows, the better it flowers” In the garden, the plant grows to 30cm high with narrow evergreen foliage, often tatty in appearance, and the flowers are best picked and enjoyed indoors away from the predations of slugs and snails. It is rarely available commercially but efforts are in hand to have some available at our plant sales in a year or so. (As appeared in Newsletter 147, January 2020. Text and photos courtesy of Paddy Tobin).

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https://www.irishgardenplantsociety.com/iris-unguicularis-kilbroney-marble-2/

2024-10-05T01:00:57Z

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Ancient civilizations around Chiclayo Ferreñafe - Sicán Culture The Sicán culture thrived in the Lambayeque region from AD 750 to 1375. The Nation Museum of Sicán shows some beautiful golden artefacts from that culture. This sketch shows the position in which the elite was buried. It doesn't seem to be comfortable at all, right? In most cases, the nicest artefacts of this museum were found in ancient tombs. Túcume - Archeological Site The Túcume site, spread over 2 km2 land, protects a series of crumbling walls, plazas, and at least 26 pyramids. It was the last capital of the Sicán culture. The pyramids, even if they are in bad shape, remain quite impressive. These structures have been initially built by the Sicán culture, but additional levels were added by the Chimú culture. The main construction material being sand, time has left a mark on the pyramids. The climate is semi-desert, but it doesn't prevent some rare rains from damaging them. Here is a nice example of a treasure once buried under a pyramid. In this case, a partial restoration was done in order to repair the wall. The work required to remove dirt and sand from a wall, also made from the same materials, must be extraordinary. Sipán - Huaca Rayada The discovery of this site is a surprising story. The archeological site was discovered by huaqueros (tomb raiders) from the small village of Sipán. After a time, in 1987, a local archeologist noticed that suddenly an abnormal quantity of artefacts were being sold on the black market. He concluded that a new site must have been discovered. After careful questioning the locals, he eventually found the actual archeological site. The Sipán site is in fact a burial site with numerous burial mounds. At least one major tomb had already been pillaged, but the site was promptly protected by other archeologists and the local police. Several undisturbed burial mounds were discovered, including the famous burial of an important lord of the Moche culture. This person has been nicknamed the “Lord of Sipán.” The elite was buried with numerous offerings according to their status in the society. At the site, it is possible to see reproduction of different tombs as they were discovered. The on-site museum contains a few of the artefacts found on this site, but the best ones are in Lambayeque in the “Museo Tumbas Reales de Sipán.” Lambayeque - Museo Tumbas Reales de Sipán The famous Museo Tumbas Reales de Sipán is world class. It is a superb museum that shows the rich tombs discovered at the archeological site of Sipán. Photos are not allowed in the museum, but a visit is absolutely worth it.

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I’ve now solved the first 15 Project Euler challenges in C. But then, I’ve hit a road block. Let me explain. Let’s say you want to find the sum of digits for the number 3^300 . Would you use C or Python? In Python, it is relatively easy: To achieve the same thing in C you would need: - A bigint library - A bigint -> string conversion function - Use manual memory allocation - Worry about printing the result correctly All this without ever having the chance to express on a high level: , find the digits, convert them to integers, sum them. Instead, C would require you to say: Initialize my bigint library, start the calculation. Check whether the calculation did not run out of memory. Then, carefully execute a loop that uses the bigint -> string conversion routine to retrieve single bigint characters. Then, convert these characters back to integers, and then finally sum the integers. While you can always create a nice high level abstraction inside of C, the drawback is flexibility. While you carefully crafted all this code within an hour or so, using Python allows you to solve 20 similar problems in the same time, while providing superior memory safety, readability and maintainability. This comes with some very obvious drawbacks: - The Python code is much slower. It requires tons of Python object meta-data and requires garbage collection. - The C code can be optimized much more easily by using the correct compiler flags. - The C code can easily interface with assembly instructions that might be offered on your CPU to offer further speedups. A great solution that a lot of Python projects find is to have the high level API run in Python, while the low-level hot loops are written in C. One of the most famous projects that do it this way would be NumPy. It contains C code for extremely efficient array packing, but still exposes a powerful Python interface to achieve a lot in a relatively small amount of LOC.

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Oxygen, the invisible and life-sustaining gas that makes up about 21% of Earth’s atmosphere, is arguably one of the most critical elements for human survival. While it’s easy to take breathing for granted, breathing techniques with the act of inhaling oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide plays an essential role in your overall health and wellness. In this article, we will explore the crucial importance of humans getting enough oxygen. We will delve into the science behind oxygen’s role in our body, discuss various breathing techniques that can optimize our oxygen intake, and shed light on how oxygen deficiency can lead to a variety of diseases and health complications. The Science of Oxygen Before we dive into the significance of oxygen, let’s take a closer look at the science behind it. Oxygen is vital for various biological processes in the human body, primarily respiration and energy production. Here’s how it works: The process of respiration is a complex but incredibly efficient mechanism that begins when we inhale. Whether through our nostrils or mouth, the oxygen-rich air travels down our windpipe (trachea) and enters the lungs. Within the lungs, this life-giving gas enters the alveoli, tiny air sacs that resemble clusters of grapes. It’s within these alveoli that the magic happens. Oxygen molecules diffuse across the thin alveolar-capillary membrane and enter the bloodstream. This is where hemoglobin, a crucial protein in red blood cells, enters the spotlight. Hemoglobin has a remarkable affinity for oxygen. When oxygen comes into contact with hemoglobin, a chemical reaction occurs, resulting in the formation of oxyhemoglobin. This is essentially oxygen hitching a ride on red blood cells. Once loaded up with oxygen, these red blood cells are carried by the bloodstream, ready to deliver their precious cargo to various cells, tissues, and organs throughout the body. The delivery process is orchestrated by the heart, our body’s central pump. The heart propels oxygen-rich blood through the arteries, which branch out into smaller and smaller vessels, ultimately reaching every corner of our body. This oxygen isn’t just a luxury for our cells; it’s an absolute necessity. Our cells are constantly at work, and they need a steady supply of oxygen to power their activities. Whether it’s a muscle cell contracting, a nerve cell transmitting signals, or a liver cell detoxifying our body, oxygen is an indispensable partner in these endeavors. Oxygen’s significance doesn’t end with respiration; it extends to our cells’ powerhouses, the mitochondria. These tiny organelles are responsible for generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is essentially the body’s energy currency. Think of ATP as the batteries that power your cell’s activities. The process by which oxygen facilitates energy production is known as cellular respiration. During this complex biochemical process, glucose (sugar) and oxygen are metabolized within the mitochondria. Through a series of chemical reactions, these substances are transformed into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. This chemical energy in the form of ATP is then used by our cells for everything from muscle contractions to maintaining body temperature. Without an adequate oxygen supply, our cells cannot efficiently produce ATP. This can result in a feeling of fatigue, weakness, and decreased physical and mental performance. It’s why you may notice a marked drop in energy levels when climbing a high-altitude mountain or during strenuous exercise, where oxygen availability becomes limited. Breathing Techniques for Optimal Oxygen Intake Now that we understand how oxygen works in the body, it’s important to explore breathing techniques that can help us optimize our oxygen intake. Proper breathing not only ensures an adequate oxygen supply but also promotes relaxation and reduces stress. Here are some effective breathing techniques: Also known as deep belly breathing, this technique involves breathing deeply into the diaphragm rather than shallowly into the chest. To practice diaphragm breathing, sit or lie down comfortably, place one hand on your chest and the other on your abdomen, and inhale deeply through your nose. Feel your abdomen rise as you fill your lungs with air. Exhale slowly through your mouth, allowing your abdomen to fall. Repeat this process for several minutes. Box breathing, also called square breathing, is a technique used to regulate the breath and calm the nervous system. It involves inhaling, holding the breath, exhaling, and holding the breath again, each for a specified count (e.g., 4 seconds). This technique can be particularly useful for reducing stress and anxiety. Pranayama is a yogic practice that focuses on controlling the breath to enhance physical and mental wellness. Various pranayama techniques can be beneficial, such as Anulom Vilom (alternate nostril breathing) and Bhramari (humming bee breath). These techniques help improve lung capacity and oxygen uptake. Simply becoming more aware of your breath can be a powerful practice. Take moments throughout the day to pause and observe your breath without trying to change it. This mindfulness can help you identify and correct shallow or irregular breathing patterns. By incorporating these techniques into your daily routine, you can enhance your respiratory efficiency and ensure that your body receives the oxygen it needs for optimal functioning. The Consequences of Oxygen Deficiency Now that we’ve explored the importance of oxygen and discussed techniques for optimizing our oxygen intake, it’s crucial to understand the dire consequences of oxygen deficiency. When our bodies don’t receive enough oxygen, a cascade of health issues can arise, ranging from mild to life-threatening: Hypoxia occurs when there is a lack of oxygen in the body’s tissues. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, confusion, and bluish skin or lips. Prolonged hypoxia can lead to organ damage. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Long-term exposure to inadequate oxygen levels, often due to smoking or environmental factors, can lead to COPD. This condition includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, making it difficult for the lungs to take in enough oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. Oxygen deficiency can strain the heart as it works harder to pump oxygen-poor blood to the body’s tissues. Over time, this can lead to high blood pressure, heart failure, and other cardiovascular problems. The brain is highly sensitive to changes in oxygen levels. Even brief periods of low oxygen (hypoxemia) can lead to cognitive impairment, memory problems, and difficulty concentrating. This sleep disorder causes interrupted breathing during sleep, leading to drops in oxygen levels. Sleep apnea is associated with daytime fatigue, mood disturbances, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Chronic oxygen deficiency in the lungs can cause pulmonary hypertension, a condition characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. This can lead to heart failure and respiratory failure. The Role of Oxygen in Physical Performance Beyond its fundamental role in sustaining life, oxygen plays a crucial role in physical performance. Athletes and fitness enthusiasts understand the importance of oxygen in enhancing endurance, strength, and overall fitness. Here’s how oxygen affects physical performance: Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Exercise Oxygen is the primary energy source for aerobic exercise. During activities like jogging, cycling, or swimming, where the intensity is moderate and sustained, your body relies on oxygen to break down glucose and fat to produce energy. This process is highly efficient and can be sustained for extended periods. Adequate oxygen intake delays the onset of fatigue during physical activity. When your muscles receive a consistent oxygen supply, they can continue contracting efficiently, allowing you to exercise longer and more effectively. Oxygen plays a vital role in post-exercise recovery. After a workout, oxygen helps in clearing metabolic waste products such as lactic acid, reducing muscle soreness, and promoting quicker recovery. Oxygen is transported by the bloodstream to muscle tissues during exercise. An efficient cardiovascular system ensures that oxygen is delivered to the working muscles, optimizing performance. Breathing techniques, such as controlled deep breathing, can be particularly beneficial during physical activities. Athletes often incorporate specific breathing patterns into their training to improve oxygen intake and maximize performance. Environmental Factors and Oxygen Levels The availability of oxygen can vary depending on your environment. Factors such as altitude, air quality, and pollution can significantly impact the oxygen levels you receive: As you ascend to higher altitudes, the atmospheric pressure decreases, which results in lower oxygen levels. This can lead to altitude sickness, characterized by symptoms like headaches, nausea, and fatigue. It also requires the body to adapt to the reduced oxygen levels over time, a process known as acclimatization. Air pollution can reduce the quality of the air you breathe, making it harmful to your health. Pollutants in the air, such as carbon monoxide and particulate matter, can displace oxygen and affect lung function. Indoor Air Quality Poor indoor air quality due to factors like mold, smoke, or inadequate ventilation can lead to oxygen deficiency and respiratory problems. Ensuring good indoor air quality is essential for maintaining your health. Promoting Oxygen-Rich Body Environments To maintain optimal oxygen levels and promote overall health, consider the following lifestyle changes: Engaging in regular physical activity improves your body’s ability to utilize oxygen efficiently. Aerobic exercises like jogging, swimming, and cycling are particularly effective in enhancing cardiovascular fitness. A balanced diet provides essential nutrients, including iron and vitamins, that support the production of red blood cells and hemoglobin, crucial for oxygen transport. Dehydration can reduce blood volume and oxygen delivery to cells. Ensure you stay adequately hydrated throughout the day. Smoking damages the lungs and reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Quitting smoking is one of the most beneficial steps you can take for your respiratory health. Be mindful of your environment. If possible, choose clean, well-ventilated spaces and minimize exposure to pollutants. Incorporate breathing exercises into your daily routine to optimize oxygen intake and reduce stress. In the grand tapestry of human health, oxygen is undeniably one of the most critical threads. Breathing, the simple act of inhaling and exhaling, sustains our lives by supplying our cells, tissues, and organs with the vital oxygen they need to function optimally. By practicing effective breathing techniques and maintaining healthy habits, we can ensure that our bodies receive the oxygen they require for vitality and wellness. Conversely, ignoring the importance of oxygen intake can have dire consequences, including a range of diseases and health complications. Thus, let us breathe deeply, mindfully, and consciously, for in the air we breathe lies the key to a healthier and happier life. Remember that the way you breathe today can determine how you live tomorrow, making the quest for optimal oxygen intake a journey worth pursuing for a healthier and happier life.

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Weather systems are extremely complicated. Most of the time the weather is the consequence of the normal working of these systems, without any spiritual intervention. Climate changes over time, as a consequence of even more complicated interactions between the earth, the sun and the atmosphere. However, God can intervene in the weather for particular purposes. The spiritual powers of evil can also interfere with the weather, but I presume they have to band together to have much impact. That probably does not have very often. Authority over the Weather Before we can fully understand praying for the weather, we need to answer the question: who controls the atmosphere. God gave humans authority over the earth. Unfortunately, humans gave their authority over the earth to the spiritual powers of evil. The owners of land do not have authority over the atmosphere above the land they own. The land does influence the atmosphere above it. For example, land can cause the atmosphere to heat or cool. Hills can provide shelter from wind, or cause rain to fall. The land influences the atmosphere, but the owners of the land do not have authority over the atmosphere above it. This means that the owners of land do not have authority over the weather that transpire above their land. If they have given authority over their land to the spiritual powers of evil, then they do not get authority over the weather above it, either. The weather in a region is determined by three influences. - The natural working of weather systems. - The spiritual powers of evil. Likewise, the spiritual powers of evil do not have to get permission from the people with authority over the land to influence the weather. Their main challenge is their limited power. The authority situation with regard to the weather is different from what applies to other things on earth. The weather has a significant effect on the earth. Rain helps seeds and plants to grow. Drought stops them from growing. If people are praying for changes to the weather that will affect the earth, then the authority of the people controlling the land might become more important. God gave humans authority of the earth. This authority translates into authority over land. We have authority to control and shape the land. However, God has not given authority over the atmosphere and the weather. We are not able to control the weather. This means that God does not need our authority to intervene in the weather and change weather patterns. The scriptures explain that God has a strong influence on the weather. He provides rain for the earth; he sends water on the countryside (Job 5:10). Praise the LORD from the earth, lightning and hail, snow and clouds, stormy winds that do his bidding (Psalm 148:7-8). He covers the sky with clouds; he supplies the earth with rain and makes grass grow on the hills (Psalm 147:8). The LORD our God gives autumn and spring rains in season, who assures us of the regular weeks of harvest (Jer 5:24).God has a powerful influence on the weather. So, if the climate changes, the first thing we should do is ask what God is doing. If the climate is deteriorating, it might because God has been aggrieved and has withdrawn his blessing. So instead of assuming that climate change is caused by humans, we should seek God and find out what he is saying about the situation. If large numbers of evil spirits work together, they can influence the weather. This probably does not happen very often, but when they get their act together, it can be nasty. An example is when Jesus was crossing the lake in a boat. When they were in the middle of the lake, a terrible storm struck. This was not an ordinary storm. Mark describes it as a "great storm of wind" (Mark 4:37). Matthew says a great shaking (seismos) occurred in the sea. (Matt 8:24). The men in the boat were experienced sailors, but they were filled with terror because they realised they could be destroyed. This was not just another storm. Most storms are caused by a strong wind. This was caused by something stirring the sea. The forces of darkness understood that Jesus was a risk to them. Now he had started his ministry the risk was becoming clear. He was casting out demons, and they were powerless. He was healing the people they had inflicted with sickness. They knew that they had to deal with him, before he really got going. So they stirred up the sea and the wind in an effort to kill Jesus. When the disciples woke Jesus, he understood what was happening. He rebuked wind in the same way as he rebuked evil spirits that he was casting out. He spoke to the said to the waves, "Quiet! Be still" (Mark 4:39)! Speaking to an "act of nature" is a pointless waste of time, but Jesus knew the storm was demonic. He seemed to be speaking to the wind and the waves, but he was actually speaking to the evil spirits who were at work in both. The disciples just saw a storm. Jesus realised that in the spiritual realms, a host of evil spirits had stirred up the wind and the sea in an effort to destroy him. There were other boats on the Sea of Galilee that night (Mk 4:36), but the spirits focussed the attack on his boat. Jesus understood his authority, so he rebuked the evil spirits. I presume that when he spoke, a host of powerful angels forced the evil spirits off the lake. That is why the wind and the waves instantly calmed. Unlike a natural storm, this storm came without warning and ended suddenly. Much is made of the unpredictability of storms on the Galilee, but Jesus disciples knew how to read the weather signs (Luke 12:54) and would not have gone out if a storm was brewing. This storm ended as quickly as it started, because its source was demonic. The storm that nearly destroyed the ship on which Paul was travelling to Rome was probably an attempt by the powers of evil to destroy him and his ministry. Paul got a revelation from God and declared to the sailor that no one would die. This declaration of faith undermined the power of the evil spirits stirring the storm. When droughts and storms arise, it could be because we have opened ourselves up to the spiritual powers of evil. They love to kill and destroy. They sometimes use the weather to wreak destruction on earth. If that is the case, we should seek the deliverance of God. In these circumstances, prayer against the works of the powers of evil is essential for the victory of God’s people. Prayer can change the weather. Elijah prayed for a drought in Israel as a sign that the people had deserted God. Now Elijah the Tishbite, from Tishbe in Gilead, said to Ahab, “As the LORD, the God of Israel, lives, whom I serve, there will be neither dew nor rain in the next few years except at my word: (1 Kings 17:1). Elijah was a human being, even as we are. He prayed earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the land for three and a half years. Again he prayed, and the heavens gave rain, and the earth produced its crops (James 5:17-18).I am not sure whether God stopped the rain in response to Elijah’s prayer, or if his prayer released the spiritual powers of evil to bring a drought, but his prayer definitely changed the weather. Moses prophesied a storm over Egypt. Tomorrow I will send the worst hailstorm that has ever fallen on Egypt, from the day it was founded till now… When Moses stretched out his staff toward the sky, the LORD sent thunder and hail, and lightning flashed down to the ground. So the LORD rained hail on the land of Egypt (Ex 9:18,23).Samuel prophesied thunder and rain during the harvest. Is it not wheat harvest now? I will call on the LORD to send thunder and rain. And you will realize what an evil thing you did in the eyes of the LORD when you asked for a king. Then Samuel called on the LORD, and that same day the LORD sent thunder and rain. So all the people stood in awe of the LORD and of Samuel (1 Sam 12:17-18).In these examples, God changed the weather in response to the prayers of his prophets, during a season when the people had rejected God. They were warning judgements. I called for a drought on the fields and the mountains, on the grain, the new wine, the olive oil and everything else the ground produces, on people and livestock, and on all the labour of your hands (Haggai 1:11).The opposite is also possible. Prayer can bring good weather when the season of judgement is complete. When the heavens are shut up and there is no rain because your people have sinned against you, and when they pray toward this place and give praise to your name and turn from their sin because you have afflicted them, then hear from heaven and forgive the sin of your servants, your people Israel. Teach them the right way to live, and send rain on the land you gave your people for an inheritance. (1 Kings 8:35-36). Status of the Nation The influence of the spiritual powers of evil changes depending on the spiritual state of the nation. If a big percentage of the population of a nation serves Jesus, the spiritual powers of evil will be squeezed out, and their influence will decline. They will find it difficult to cause harm by changing weather systems. If the faith declines and evil is rampant, the spiritual powers of evil have greater freedom to work in the nation. The result will be more weather catastrophes in terms of drought and storm. I have explained how this works in Prophetic Events. This is also described in Deuteronomy 28. The link is more direct for a covenanted nation, but for ordinary nations where many people follow Jesus, blessings will flow. The LORD will open the heavens, the storehouse of his bounty, to send rain on your land in season and to bless all the work of your hands (Deut 28:12).The Lord will bless farming. On the other hand, if Jesus is rejected throughout a nation, the spiritual powers of evil will have greater access, so troubles will flow. The LORD will strike you... with scorching heat and drought, with blight and mildew, which will plague you until you perish. The sky over your head will be bronze, the ground beneath you iron. The LORD will turn the rain of your country into dust and powder; it will come down from the skies until you are destroyed (Deut 28:22-24).When the people of a nation reject God, the blessings on agriculture disappear. Dealing with Drought During a drought, farmers should pray and ask God why it has come. There are a variety of possible answers to this question. Their response to the drought should depend on the answer. The drought is the outcome of the working normal weather patterns. In this situation, it is legitimate to pray that God will send rain. The drought might be the consequence of squeezing God out of the nation and giving freedom to the spiritual powers of evil to work evil upon it. There is no point in praying against the drought, if God has allowed it to happen as a matter of justice. The farmer should ask God how they need to change their farming practices, so that they can cope with the troubles that their nation is going through. Asking that God will stir up Christians to share the gospel might be the most effective prayer in this situation. The drought might be the consequence of long-term climate change due to the working of climate systems. In this situation, it is legitimate to ask God to change the climate. There will need to be enough people with authority in the land praying for prayers to be effective. If the long term-climate change is the consequence of the people of that part of the world deserting God, then there may be no point in praying against it. Farmers might need to ask God how they should adapt their farming practices, so that they can farm effectively, despite the changed climate. In some extreme cases, the farmer might need to move to a different place to live, even if the cost of doing so is significant. We need to be careful about praying for the weather, as humans have conflicting interests. For example, during the summer, city people might be praying for fine weather for their holidays, while Christian farmers might be praying for rain for the dry land. One group of farmers might be praying for rain on their land, while other farmers are praying for fine weather for their hay-making or harvest. Selfish prayers will not be heard. Sharing in Troubles If we are living in a nation that has rejected God, we will not escape the consequences that come upon it. If drought or storms become more prevalent, that will affect people who are faithful Jesus living within the nation, too. Although he will give guidance about how to deal with the tough situation, and strengthen us to cope with tough times, but he will not always protect us from everything that is happening. Your Father in heaven. He causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous (Matt 5:45).I remember a different version from my childhood, but the message is the same. God sends the rain on the just and the unjust fella. But more upon the just than the unjust, because the unjust stole the unjust umbrella.We share in the consequences that are experienced by our nation. (The church is partly responsible for the state of an evil nation, because it has shared the gospel inadequately). Christians cannot remain separate from the troubles that unfaithfulness bring on their nation. So, praying for rain during a drought that has come on a nation, because it has deserted God might not be effective. Praying for wisdom to deal with the situation might get a more powerful response. Pray about when to cut the hay or when to begin the harvest. Of course, a farmer only has limited control over timing, because when hay is ready, it needs to be cut. Crops have to be harvested when they are ripe. Farmers may need to pray about the type of crops that they should be growing given any change in the climate. God might lead his people to move from one place to another for protection during a season of drought. Ruth and Naomi moved back from Moab to Israel during a famine. Jacob and his family moved to Egypt for security during a time of drought. Joseph took Jesus to Egypt as a child to keep him safe from persecution in Israel. God Protects his People God has promised to protect his people from the troubles that come against the people that they live amongst. You have been a refuge for the poor, a refuge for the needy in their distress, a shelter from the storm and a shade from the heat (Is 25:4).Sometimes, God protects his people by controlling the direction of the storm and rain during a time of drought. He can control the direction that the weather moves. He made a decree for the rain and a path for the thunderstorm (Job 28:26)God can determine the path of a storm. He can send rain in one place and allow another place to remain dry. I also withheld rain from you when the harvest was still three months away. I sent rain on one town, but withheld it from another. One field had rain; another had none and dried up (Amos 4:7).God has promised to protect his people during a time of trouble if they call on his name. We need a balanced approach to prayer for protection in times of trouble. God has promised to protect the lives of his people. However, he usually does not take us out of the world we live in when the situation is turning sour. Whatever the reason for the troubles that have come to the region where we live, we will usually have to go through the troubles that our neighbours are going through. If they have brought trouble on our region by rejecting God and pursuing evil, we will share some of the consequences. In this situation, we should ask God to bless us, so that we can bless our neighbours in trouble around us. We should ask God to show us how to prepare. We should not just prepare for ourselves, but prepare to bless others who have not prepared. We should ask God how we should live. He will show us ways to cope with the troubles that have come to our region. Others will probably copy what we are doing when they see the wisdom of God. And we should never stop sharing the gospel. God has not promised to lead us away from the valley of the shadow of death. Rather he promises to go through that valley with us and keep us strong (Psalm 23:4). We cannot bless the people in our region by escaping from it during a time of trouble. God usually wants us to stay and prepare to survive and live strongly through the hard season. The enemy can rob us of our wealth and in the worst case, he can kill our bodies, but he cannot destroy the life that we have in Jesus.

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In 2017, the world around Xulio Soriano’s family was burning. His mother, who has high blood pressure and diabetes, couldn’t get critical information about the fires burning in the North Bay, where she lived. It wasn’t because information wasn’t being relayed — it just wasn’t relayed in a language she understood. The Tiny Radio Station Relaying Critical Kincade Fire Information in Indigenous Languages “I realized that not having the language that you need is basically a life or death situation,” Soriano said. That year, a small community radio station tucked behind a residential street in Santa Rosa became the main source of fire information for Spanish-speaking residents of the North Bay. Farmworkers and immigrant families tuned into KBBF-FM for critical information about where the fire was and when to evacuate — information they weren’t getting elsewhere in their native languages. Now, as the Kincade Fire burns through Sonoma County, KBBF-FM has expanded their role in the community even further. The station is now multilingual and has begun broadcasting in indigenous languages like Mixteco and Triqui. “We saw this lack of resource in the last North Bay fire complex two years ago in a big way,” said Soriano, who volunteers at the station. “Most people were just trying to get Spanish information translated, which was an issue. Now we actually have some of the solutions to translate not everything, but as much as we can.“ KBBF-FM has been filling a large need in an area where agriculture draws in many migrants and farmers looking for work. A third of Sonoma County is Latino, and about a quarter of the population speaks a language other than English at home. Yet during the 2017 North Bay Fires, emergency updates and alerts often came in English only. Agencies like the Red Cross, which organized the emergency response, didn’t have translators. That meant a significant segment of the population wasn’t getting critical information about the deadly fire, or access to resources to help with recovery. Gervacio Peña Lopez, a Mixteco speaker who’s volunteered at the station for 17 years, found himself personally translating information to relatives working in the fields. He said that’s who KBBF’s audience is today: farmworkers and migrants, many of whom are hearing life-saving information in their native languages on the air for the first time. Peña Lopez and other volunteers like Maribel Merino, who translates for the station in Triqui, are filling a gap in trust — and not just on air. Merino has visited evacuation centers in a traditional red hupil, identifying her as a native speaker. At the evacuation center, Merino answered people’s questions about the Undocufund, which gives aid for undocumented victims of fires. “We are creating this out of love, solidarity, but also demanding it as a right,” Soriano said.

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https://www.kqed.org/news/11784071/in-latino-heavy-sonoma-a-tiny-radio-station-relays-critical-fire-information-in-indigenous-languages

2024-10-05T00:17:24Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

Learn about the human body by doing experiments with your five senses that show you how your body works. By exploring the external aspects of your body with hands-on experiments, you can learn a lot about the inside anatomy of the body. Examine your fingerprints to learn how you are unique. Build a stethoscope and listen to your heartbeat to learn how your heart pumps blood, and listen to your gurgling tummy to learn how your stomach works. With the stethoscope, you can investigate how your ears hear with a listening game and a sound memory experiment. Test your lung capacity to learn about how your lungs work. Examine your diet and your digestive functions to learn how your body processes nutrients to give you the energy to do more experiments! Try a blindfolded exercise to find out about hand-eye coordination. Take a tickle test to learn about your skin and sensory receptors. Monitor your pulse to learn about your circulatory system. Follow your nose in a smell memory game to learn about your sense of smell. Take a blindfolded taste test to learn about your tongue. Try some balancing exercises to explore your muscles and bones. Discover how your ears play a role in your balance. Construct a magic telescope, spin an optical illusion top, and hold a staring contest to see how your eyes work. Relate your experiments back to human body systems, including the internal organs, skeleton, muscles, and the circulatory system, with clear and accurate anatomical illustrations. With a 48-page, full-color illustrated guidebook, this kit teaches human biology fundamentals with step-by-step, hands-on experiments. With a 48-page, full-color illustrated guidebook, this kit teaches human biology fundamentals with step-by-step, hands-on experiments. Ages 5 and up. - Ages 5+ - 26 experiments - 48 page manual

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.labratgifts.com/collections/young-kids-science-kits/products/the-human-body-science-kit

2024-10-04T23:58:59Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

The Mind–Gut Connection: Psychiatry and Gastroenterology Updated: Jan 26, 2022 The Mind – Gut Connection: Psychiatry and Gastroenterology In his 2018 book, The Mind-Gut Connection, Emeran Mayer, MD sets the tone for a rich, elaborate discussion informing us regarding the connections between the gastrointestinal tract, the immune defenses and the brain. He writes, “Until now, we have largely ignored the critical role of two of the most complex and crucial systems in our bodies when it comes to maintaining our overall health: the gut (the digestive system) and the brain (the nervous system). The mind-body connection is far from a myth; it is a biological fact, and an essential link to understand when it comes to our whole body health.” We Are Outnumbered: The Body in Perspective So who are we? Really? Dr. Mayer elaborates on the question, “More than 100 trillion microbes live in the dark and nearly oxygen free world of the human gut – about the same number of all the human cells in the body, if you include the human red cells in this comparison…If you put all your gut microbes together and shaped them into an organ, it would weigh between 2 and 6 pounds – on par with the brain, which weighs in at 2.6 pounds. The 1,000 bacterial species that make up the gut microbiota contain more than 7 million genes – or up to 360 genes for every human gene.” Not at all surprising, your 100 trillion gut microbes greatly affect who you are, your body overall and your brain in particular. As Dr. Mayer notes, “no matter what you feed them, they will use their enormous amount of information stored in their millions of genes to transform partially digested food into hundreds of thousands of metabolites.” The Little Brain in Your Gut How does your gut take the food on your fork, make use of it in supplying your body with nutrients and get rid of the waste? Dr. Mayer answers, “The gut can coordinate all of this and more without any help from your brain or spinal cord, and it is not the muscles making up your gut wall that know how to do it. Instead, managing digestion is largely the work of your enteric nervous system (ENS) – a remarkable network of 50 million nerve cells wrapped around the intestine from the esophagus to the rectum. This “second brain” may be smaller than its three-pound counterpart in your head, but when it comes to digestion, it’s brilliant.” Food Addiction: A Struggle of Our Two Brains to Keep Us Healthy Dr. Mayer elaborates on the effect of our American environment of a high fat, high sugar modern Western diet and the food cravings that can result and bedevil us. “How much food you eat is controlled by three closely interacting systems in your brain: in addition to the appetite control system regulated by the hypothalamus, there are two other brain systems that play a prominent role: the dopamine reward system, and the executive control system, located in the prefrontal cortex, which can voluntarily override all other control systems if needed.” Dr. Mayer describes the mind-gut connection and food addiction. “Not surprisingly, there are very close connections between the brain’s reward system and the networks involved in appetite regulation. For example, a number of gut hormones and signaling molecules influence activity in the dopaminergic reward pathway: several appetite-boosting signals increase the activity of dopamine- containing cells, while certain appetite-suppressing signals decrease dopamine release.” Dopamine is the brain neurotransmitter that tells you, both consciously and unconsciously, “go for it -you got to have it.” While dopamine is necessary for the preservation of the individual and the human species, such as in avoiding danger and initiating sex, it is central to all addictive behavior. Dr. Mayer describes, “Certain foods, especially high-calorie foods rich in fat and sugar, have been shown to trigger addictive eating behavior in both animals and humans…These mechanisms not only promote overeating and but also produce learned associations, also called conditioned responses, between the stimulus of the food and the reward signals in the brain.” Taking Charge of Your Mind-Gut Connection: Become Healthier Dr. Mayer instructs us in taking control of our lifestyle and becoming healthy, benefiting your gut, your brain and your entire body. Aim to maximize gut diversity by maximizing regular intake of naturally fermented foods and probiotics. Reduce the inflammatory potential of your gut by making better nutritional choices. Avoid eating when you are stressed, angry, or sad. Enjoy the secret pleasures and social aspects of food. Become an expert in listening to your gut feelings. Dr. Mayer predicts, “Now that we are beginning to fully understand the marvelous complexity of universal connectiveness…I am convinced that we will view the world, ourselves, and our health with very different eyes.”

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.learningpsychiatrist.com/post/the-mind-gut-connection-psychiatry-and-gastroenterology

2024-10-05T00:56:28Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

"Freedom songs" were an important motivating force during the Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1968. Through music we explore the important figures in the Civil Rights Movement and their contribution to the common good. Filter by subjects: Filter by audience: Filter by unit » issue area: find a lesson This lesson emphasizes the importance of "V’ahavta Lereacha Kamocha – Love Your Friend as Yourself." Children discuss the importance of helping others and will have the opportunity to have firsthand experience in this aspect of tikkun olam. Unit: Cinderella Stories Unit: Dreaming of Gardens After reading two stories, learners compare and contrast the attitudes, actions, and impact of the main characters. They reflect on some essential questions: What does it mean to be a philanthropist? What does it mean to be an environmentalist? What does it mean to be a good steward... Unit: Cultural Competence Youth reflect on the lessons they have learned through building cultural competence in this unit. They identify an adult they trust to have critical, or difficult, conversations. In the first lesson, the learners analyzed the meaning of integrity as it reflects being true to themselves and reflecting honestly who they are in their actions. In this lesson, we expand the definition to include being true to oneself and others. Unit: Philanthropic Behavior Young people demonstrate that differences can be discussed and worked through kindly and playfully. When we disagree, curiosity and creativity can help us talk openly. Conflict isn't comfortable, but we have the curiosity and skills to get through. Unit: My Country, My Community In a persuasive essay, learners describe the responsibilities of American citizenship and the cost of freedom. They connect how philanthropic action is a part of those costs. “Freedom isn’t free. It passes on an enormous debt to the recipient.”

<urn:uuid:27cd1778-a9ec-44ad-8b3c-afd955a03ae7>

CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.learningtogive.org/resources/lessons-units?search_api_views_fulltext_1=Community%20Service%20Project&page=57

2024-10-05T00:15:54Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

The default coordinate system of the map and layers is NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_17N. To change it: - Click the Options button in Home tab. The Options window will appear. - Switch to GIS tab and and in GIS Type dropdown list select TatukGIS - Select the desired coordinate system from the Default coordinate system list. - Click the OK button to save the option. The new default coordinate system would take affect for the next new project. It won’t change the coordinate system of the current project. When choosing coordinate system, please select the one that is close to your shapefile that is to be imported and used in the model. If you are unsure which coordinate system to choose, select Popular Visualisation CRS Mercator (epsg:3785). This coordinate system displays the global map and can suit any coordinate system.

<urn:uuid:16d20503-e986-4d26-ba41-37f91ee69e11>

CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.manula.com/manuals/smart-city-water/visualotthymo/6/en/topic/6-2-default-coordinate-system

2024-10-05T00:52:46Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

Everything You Need to Know About Basketball Basketball is a sport full of speed, skill, and tactics. It attracts the attention of many people from various walks of life, both players and spectators. In this article, we will discuss various aspects of basketball, from its history, basic rules, fundamental techniques, to the health benefits that can be obtained from playing basketball. History of Basketball Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith in 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. Dr. Naismith, a physical education teacher, sought a way to keep his students active during the winter season. He designed this game using a ball and a basket hung high as the main goal. Since then, basketball has rapidly evolved and become one of the most popular sports in the world. Basic Rules of Basketball Basketball is played by two teams, each consisting of five players. The main goal of the game is to score points by putting the ball into the opponent's basket. Here are some basic rules in basketball: 1. Game Duration: The game is divided into four quarters, each 12 minutes long for the NBA or 10 minutes for FIBA competitions. 2. Scoring: A regular shot is worth two points, a shot from beyond the three-point line is worth three points, and a free throw is worth one point. 3. Violations: Players must avoid violations such as traveling (moving without dribbling), double dribbling (dribbling with both hands), and fouling (excessive physical contact). 4. Timeouts: Each team is allotted several timeouts to rest or plan strategies. Fundamental Techniques in Basketball To become a good basketball player, you need rajawd777 bonus new member 100 to master several fundamental techniques. Here are some important basic techniques in basketball: 1. Dribbling: This technique is crucial for controlling the ball and avoiding opponents. Dribbling is done by bouncing the ball off the floor using one hand. 2. Passing: Accurate passing to teammates is essential in this game. There are several types of passes such as chest pass, bounce pass, and overhead pass. 3. Shooting: Good shooting technique is required to score points. Common types of shots include layups, jump shots, and three-point shots. 4. Defense: Strong defense is important to stop opponents from scoring. Defensive techniques include man-to-man defense and zone defense. Health Benefits of Playing Basketball Playing basketball is not only fun but also has many health benefits. Here are some health benefits that can be obtained from playing basketball: 1. Improves Heart Health: Basketball is a good cardio exercise. Regular play can help improve heart health and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. 2. Enhances Coordination and Balance: Dribbling, passing, and shooting require good hand-eye coordination and strong body balance. 3. Burns Calories: Playing basketball can help burn calories and reduce body weight. This sport helps boost metabolism. 4. Increases Strength and Flexibility: Regularly playing basketball can improve muscle strength and flexibility, especially in the legs and hands. Tactics and Strategies in Basketball Basketball is not just about individual skills but also about team tactics and strategies. Here are some common tactics and strategies used in basketball: 1. Pick and Roll: This tactic involves one player providing a screen to another player to create space and opportunities for shots or drives. 2. Fast Break: This strategy is used to score quickly when the opposing team is not yet set up in defense. It usually starts with a defensive rebound or steal. 3. Zone Defense: Zone defense involves players guarding specific areas rather than individual opponents. It can be used to block long-range shots and force opponents into making mistakes. 4. Motion Offense: This offense involves continuous player movement without the ball to create space

<urn:uuid:c8116eb8-8ac4-4050-b880-ecaf81c106ae>

CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.mfhm.org/group/mysite-200-group/discussion/083a3c3b-5789-4266-b507-661f378acc65

2024-10-04T23:34:03Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

Project Completed - Contact: firstname.lastname@example.org Perception of the environment is a crucial task in the pipeline to enable autonomous driving. By facilitating the perceptional sensors (camera, lidar and radar) a vehicle is able to localize it self inside a static environment map. The vehicle needs to detect and classify the traffic participants in its surroundings in order to navigate safely. Real-time applicability is especially crucial in highly dynamic scenarios for example on a race track or in a emergency maneuver on the road. As the different sensors possess individual strengths and weaknesses, the fusion of the signals can facilitate a higher detection quality. In this research project the possible benefits of a low level fusion of different sensors shall be evaluated. In this research, a fusion strategy of the camera, lidar and radar sensors shall be evaluated. The object detection quality shall be augmented, the focus is on adverse weather conditions where the mono camera is less reliable suche as heavy rain or blinding of the camera. The algorithm is evaluated with the sensor system of a test vehicle at the Chair. Furthermore, it shall be evaluated in an autonomous racing environment to test the real life applicability. In this scenario, further requirements regarding safety and reliability need to be fulfilled to avoid collisions. Motivated by the advances of object detection on images with deep learning techniques, a fusion based on these methods is researched. A challenge lies in the spatial and temporal synchronisation of the sensor data. Due to the different characteristics of dense camera and sparse radar data, further preprocessing steps are evaluated to employ such a fusion. The fusion result shall be augmented by incorporating the physics of the detected objects into the detection and tracking process.

<urn:uuid:5cd878c2-6d39-479b-b78b-136553d3d641>

CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.mos.ed.tum.de/en/ftm/main-research/intelligent-vehicle-systems/autonomous-vehicle-perception-sensor-fusion-based-on-structured-learning-methods/

2024-10-05T00:16:42Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

Kimono Images of Culture 1915-1950 in the Khalili Collections One of the most recognizable aspects of Japanese culture, the kimono was once a vital everyday garment worn by adults and children across Japan. While the basic form of the T-shaped, straight-seamed, front-wrapping kimono has changed very little over the centuries, the onset of the twentieth century ushered in a variety of influences, including western-style clothing; a desire for practicality and comfort; the emergence of Japanese identity in the wake of World War II; pop culture; and high fashion. Featuring more than two hundred full color photographs and insightful commentary by Jacqueline Atkins, renowned textile historian, this volume introduces readers to the concepts of Omoshirogara kimono or “amusing/interesting garments,” and Sensōgara, or war/propaganda garments. It details changes in fabrics and production techniques and explores differences across gender and age. A vibrant survey of an important and rarely covered aspect of Japanese culture, this volume chronicles the kimono’s dynamic role against the backdrop of social, cultural, and global change.

<urn:uuid:ff67c9d8-64bd-4b68-bb83-7f095f271772>

CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.nationwidebooks.co.nz/product/Kimono-Images-of-Culture-1915-1950-in-the-Khalili-Collections

2024-10-04T23:28:51Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

Learn essential Portuguese vocabulary for beginners and lay a solid foundation for language fluency. Brazilian Portuguese is a beautiful language that opens up a world of opportunities and connections. Whether you plan on traveling to Brazil, communicating with Portuguese-speaking friends, or simply expanding your knowledge, building a solid foundation of vocabulary is crucial. Understanding basic words and phrases will empower you to navigate everyday situations with confidence. In this article, we will introduce some must-know Portuguese vocabulary for beginners, equipping you with the necessary tools to start your language learning journey. Let's dive in and explore these fundamental words together. Basic Greetings and Phrases are a fundamental part of learning Portuguese vocabulary. These phrases serve as the foundation for effective communication and can help establish rapport. For instance, knowing how to greet someone with a friendly "Bom dia" (Good morning), "Boa tarde" (Good afternoon), or "Boa noite" (Good evening) can create a positive impression. Additionally, phrases like "Como vai?" (How are you?), "Obrigado/a" (Thank you), and "Por favor" (Please) are essential in everyday interactions. Mastering these basic greetings and phrases equips learners with the necessary tools to engage in conversation and navigate various contexts effectively. Common expressions play a significant role in everyday Portuguese conversations, allowing individuals to effectively communicate their thoughts and feelings. For instance, "Obrigado/a" is a commonly used expression meaning "thank you" in Portuguese. This simple phrase is employed to express gratitude in various social contexts, such as when receiving a gift or a kind gesture. Another frequent expression is "Desculpe," which means "sorry" and is used to apologize for mistakes or inconveniences. These common expressions form the foundation of Portuguese vocabulary, enabling individuals to connect and engage in meaningful interactions. Numbers and Counting are fundamental aspects of learning any language, and Portuguese vocabulary is no exception. Understanding how to count in Portuguese is essential for everyday tasks such as telling time, shopping, or ordering food. For example, knowing the numbers allows you to ask for specific quantities or prices, like "uma maçã" (one apple) or "cinco reais" (five reais). Mastering numbers also helps with comprehension when listening to Portuguese speakers. Practice counting in Portuguese regularly to improve your fluency and understanding of the language. This article provides a comprehensive list of essential Portuguese vocabulary for beginners. It covers various categories such as greetings, numbers, colors, days of the week, months, family members, and common phrases. The article emphasizes the importance of building a strong foundation in these basic words and phrases to facilitate faster learning and effective communication. By familiarizing themselves with this vocabulary, beginners can lay the groundwork for further language acquisition and proficiency in Portuguese. Take your first call now.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.opeton.co/blog/building-strong-foundation-must-know-portuguese-vocabulary-for-beginners

2024-10-05T00:04:42Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

Strainers, abbreviated as STR or STRS, are closed vessels that collect solid particles to be separated while passing a fluid through a removable screen. The screens can collect particles down to 0.001 inch in diameter. They can remove more than unwanted material. They can also remove wanted materials that can be used elsewhere or in other processes. You can find strainers upstream of sensitive equipment such as meters, pumps, compressors, traps, valves and filters. Strainers and filters are basically the same thing. The difference is that a filter removes much smaller particles, particles you normally can't see. If you can not see the material being removed, it is usually called a filter. - Strainer Advantages and Disadvantages - Strainer Design Classification - Factors Contributing to Pressure Drop in a Strainer - Strainer Mesh Size You can find strainers in almost every industry: chemical, food, water, petroleum, paint and ect. Strainers come in different configurations such as Y Strainers, Simplex Strainers, Duplex Strainers and Temporary Strainers. They can be bolted, threads or welded in line. Advantages | Disadvantages | - Basket Strainer - Basket strainers come in two types, single and double. A simplex strainer (single basket) is used when the flow or process can be shut down for a short period of time. - Duplex Strainer - A duplex strainer (double basket) is used when the flow or process can not be shut down and must continue to flow. The duplex allows you to shut one basket for cleaning while the other is still in operation. The screen is in the shape of a basket and removed from the top and the strainer. These are normally used where larger amounts of trash/solids need to be removed. They can come with a blow-off connection for manual or automatic cleaning. - Gasket Strainer - Gasket strainers come in many types working as a functional gasket between two flanges. It is a stainless steel mesh between the gasket material. - Simplex Strainer - Basket strainers come in two types, single and double. A simplex strainer (single basket) is used when the flow or process can be shut down for a short period of time. A duplex strainer (double basket) is used when the flow or process can not be shut down and must continue to flow. The duplex allows you to shut one basket for cleaning while the other is still in operation. The screen is in the shape of a basket and removed from the top and the strainer. These are normally used where larger amounts of trash/solids need to be removed. They can come with a blow-off connection for manual or automatic cleaning. - Tee Strainer - Tee strainers are used where a compact accessible strainers is needed for protection of pumps, valves and similar equipment. - Temporary Strainer - Their are three types of temporary straineres, cone, truncated cone, and flat. They are normally used during the initial startup of a new application such as a pump. It is inserted between two flanges in the pipeline up stream of the equipment to be protected. After startup and the debris has been collected by the strainer, it is usually removed. There is little pressure drop when the screen is clean since it is in a straight flow with the pipe. The bottom of the screen cone is to be down stream. - Flat Perforated and Flat Face Perforated Strainer - These are the simplest to fabricate and consequently are the least expensive. However, they clog rapidly and have potentially high pressure drop losses due to the open area. This strainers should only be used where low initial cost is mandatory and piping can only be separated enough to insert this type. - Perforated Conical Strainer - These strainers have more area than flat perforated strainers which allows for slower clogging and lower pressure drop. They require an accessable section of pipe, such as a spool, to insert and remove the strainer. - Perorated Basket Strainer or Truncated Cone Strainer - This strainer has an advantage over perforated ponical strainers because of the straight sides and flat bottom. This allows for larger internal volume to retain solids resulting in lower pressure drop over time allowing longer time between cleanouts. - Wire Basket Strainers - These are completely constructed from wire mesh and has asignificantly lower pressure drop. Inherent construction features severly limit the allowable differential pressure these strainers can withstand. these strainers are recomended only for light duty service. - Y Strainer - There are two types of strainers, basket and y. The y strainer is normally used where there is a small amount of material to be collected. This strainer can be installed in the horizontal or vertical position. The basket must be to the bottom of the pipe or facing the down flow direction to collect the particles. A y strainer can come with a blow-off connection for automatic cleaning. With liquids, y strainers have a greater pressure drop than basket strainers because of their size (comparing same sizes). But with gases, a y strainer has a relatively low pressure drop. Pressure drop in a strainer is the decrease in fluid pressure as the liquid or gas passes through the straining element. Strainers are designed to remove solid particles or impurities from a fluid stream, and as the fluid flows through the strainer, it encounters resistance, leading to a reduction in pressure. - Strainer Design - The design of the strainer, including the size and shape of the straining element and the overall structure, plays a significant role in determining the pressure drop. Different strainer types may have varying pressure drop characteristics. - Mesh or Perforation Size - The size of the mesh or the diameter of the perforations in the straining element influences the pressure drop. Finer meshes or smaller perforations tend to cause higher pressure drops as they offer more resistance to the flow. - Flow Rate - Higher flow rates through the strainer can result in increased pressure drop. The fluid experiences more resistance as it passes through the straining element, leading to a greater drop in pressure. - Burst and Collapse - It is important to know the maximum allowable pressure a strainer can withstand. A strainer not able to withstand an existing differential pressure can damage downstream equipment by allowing undesired debries downstream or by being forced downstream itself. A strainers maximum allowable pressure is a function of its materials of construction, geometry, and orientation in the pipeline. - Clogging - Loss coefficient generally exhibit a sharp increase with initial strainer clogging. The loss curve remains relatively flat until the strainer is 60% - 70% clogged, then rises exponentially. Recomended procedure is to clean strainers when they are 50% - 60% clogged, as measured by differential pressure gauges. - Material and Cleanliness of Straining Element - The material of the straining element and its cleanliness affect the pressure drop. A strainer with a clean, smooth surface may have lower pressure drop compared to one with a dirty or clogged straining element. - Orientation and Installation - The orientation of the strainer and how it is installed in the pipeline can impact pressure drop. Strainers should be installed with proper alignment to minimize turbulence and pressure losses. - Type of Fluid - The properties of the fluid being filtered, such as viscosity and density, can influence the pressure drop through the strainer. - Strainer Size - The physical size of the strainer, including the diameter and length of the straining element, can affect pressure drop. Larger strainers may have lower pressure drops compared to smaller ones, assuming other factors remain constant. It's important for engineers and system designers to consider pressure drop when selecting and sizing strainers for a particular application. Balancing the need for effective filtration with the acceptable pressure drop is needed to ensuring the optimal performance of the overall system. Regular maintenance, including cleaning or replacing the straining element, can help manage pressure drop over time. Mesh Size | Particle Diameter (meter x 10-6) | 4 | 5,205 | 8 | 2,487 | 10 | 1,923 | 14 | 1,307 | 18 | 1,000 | 20 | 840 | 25 | 710 | 30 | 590 | 35 | 500 | 40 | 420 | 45 | 350 | 50 | 297 | 60 | 250 | 70 | 210 | 80 | 177 | 100 | 149 | 120 | 125 | 140 | 105 | 170 | 88 | 200 | 74 | 230 | 62 | 270 | 53 |

<urn:uuid:56965d60-829f-4931-b56d-a4b438080839>

CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.piping-designer.com/index.php/disciplines/mechanical/stationary-equipment/filter/82-strainer

2024-10-05T01:16:58Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

en

Maintaining a healthy hormonal balance is very much important. It is well known that hormones are responsible for functions such as growth, repair and reproduction etc. It is also true that hormones would keep a check on our well being etc. When there is hormonal imbalance in us, then we could get issues like heart diseases, hair loss, heavy periods, excess of body hairs. Hormonal imbalance can also lead to mental health based issues like depression etc. For the sake of hormonal balance, we must not eat or avoid a few foods such as red meat, processed foods, dairy products, caffeine etc. Not many of us would be aware of the fact that the daily activities could lead to hormonal imbalance in us. Please take care about these daily habits that can cause hormonal imbalance. There are chances of becoming resistant to insulin and getting inflammation etc when we consume a diet rich in processed foods etc. This would lead to hormonal imbalance. The ability of our body to produce and regulate hormones effectively could be disrupted when we consume foods that lack essential nutrients like minerals and vitamins etc. Not consuming breakfast: We could get hormonal imbalance in us when we skip breakfast totally. By eating breakfast, our metabolism would get kick-started and there would be hormonal balance in us. A person could put on weight and become insulin resistant etc by having a sedentary lifestyle. By exercising regularly, it would be possible to regulate cortisol, insulin etc. Our overall hormonal health would become better. Excess intake of caffeine etc: We could get adrenal fatigue when we consume caffeine in excessive amounts. It must be noted that the adrenal glands would play a role in hormone production. Over intake of alcohol: Our endocrine system would get disrupted when we drink alcohol. This would then affect the hormones like insulin, oestrogen and testosterone etc. The liver would get damaged by chronic alcohol abuse and this would lead to hormonal imbalance etc. Birth control pills: There are chances of hormonal imbalance in us when we use birth control pills etc. It is believed that the synthetic hormomone in these birth control pills would result in disruptions in the natural hormone cascade. This could lead to side effects and fertility might get affected after discontinuation of the pills. Excess or chronic stress: It is possible to get hormonal imbalance when we have chronic stress. Truth is that stress would release cortisol hormone in us. Increased stress levels would result in high cortisol levels in us and this would lead to hormonal imbalance. Irregular sleep patterns: It is necessary that we must get adequate sleep for our body organs to function well. By sleeping adequately, our endocrine organs would function well. Irregular sleep patterns would lead to hormonal imbalance in us. Point is that dehydration could result in hormonal imbalance in us. When we are not hydrated well then our body would not produce hormones efficiently. We could get hormonal imbalance.

<urn:uuid:32b423d4-7eba-418d-a26c-09b333e97102>

CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://www.poluronline.com/be-careful-about-these-daily-habits-that-can-lead-to-hormonal-imbalance-take-care/

2024-10-04T23:12:01Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253338.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20241004230142-20241005020142-00509.warc.gz

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A great FIGHT IN SCOTLAND, Between the Engliſh Forces commanded by his Excellency the Lord General MONK, AND The King of Scots Forces, under the conduct of Lieu. Gen. Middleton; With the Particulars there•f, the manner of the Engagement, and the lamentable loſs on both ſides. Likewiſe, the Reſolution of the Highlanders, to fight either to Death or Victory; and the number of men engaged in the late Plot againſt the Lord Protector. London, Printed for G. Horton, 1654. ON the eleventh inſtant Gen. Monk, with divers Officers, went from Dalkieth to Sterling, where he hath given Orders for ſecuring ſome paſſes, to prevent the Scots (from the Highlands) from falling into the Lowlands therabouts, as formerly they have done; he is very buſie in conſultation with the Officers about marching into the field; and after mature deliberation, expreſly gave command, that Collonel Cooper, with a ſelect number of horſe and foot, ſhould advance towards the enemy, to diſſipate the new Levies, which indeed were many; In order whereunto, the ſaid Collonel took his march with fifteen hundred men, and within the ſpace of two dayes engaged the enemy at three diſtinct paſſes, who (to ſpeak truth) with great reſolution and gallantry diſputed the field from Hill to Hill; and4 Dale to Dale, till at laſt, by the comming in of the additional forces, theſe valiant Hero•s were forced to retreat with ſome loſs; which did ſo inrage the adverſe party, that unanimouſly they are reſolved to give us a field, and fight it out to the laſt man, determinating with themſelves, neither to give nor take quarter; in purſuance whereof, we hear that Gen. Middleton has ſent forth his Maſters Royal Mandate, requiring and conjuring all perſons whatſoever from 16 to 60, to come in to their aſſiſtance, and accordingly by an expreſs command all his Field-Officers were ſummoned to a general Randevouz; a Liſt of their Names take as followeth: In obedience whereunto, they have randovouz'd their Army in two Bodies, being reſolved to diſpute the field, and fight it out either to Death or Victory: Whereupon, his Excellency the Lord General called a Council of Officers, whoſe reſult was, immediatly to take the field, and fight the Enemy; and in order thereunto, the whole Army advanced, ingaged the enemy, diſſipated the Forlorn Hope, and took above 500 priſoners; which Middleton perceiving, immediatly commanded the Engliſh Cavalry, who charged with great Reſolution and dexterity, but were forced to retreat to the main body, if we may give credit to the report of the ſtory. Edenburgh 20, inſtant. As touching the late Plot, many are apprehended, and Alderman B•nce his ſon is again taken. 6And ſeeing that the Lord hath bin pleaſed to make ſo timely a diſcovery of this horrid Conſpiracy, we cannot but with all thankfulneſs of heart call to remembrance the late eminent actings of the providence of the great Jehovah among us, in expeling thoſe Satanical Clouds, & ordaining a glorious peace to ſhine amongſt us; And that after ſuch wonderful diſcoveries, and variety of changes, which have paſſed over His Highneſs, we cannot but unammouſly center, and with great alacrity caſt Anch…〈◊〉the Harbour of Hope, being aſſured that we ſhal find a ſettlement of theſe Nations in Truth and Righteouſneſs, by the exerciſe of the declared Government under his Highneſs; wherein, conſiſting the preſent ſupport of our Religion and Lawes, We cannot but acknowledg it as a great mercy of God, that ſo ſuitable a Remedy ſhould be ſo ſuddenly applyed to our growing7 maladies; and that our hopes after many years patient attendance upon other Inſtruments (when almoſt ſwallowed up in the midſt of our too juſt fears, plots, and conſpiracies) are now revived, and recovered from ſo doubtful a condition, by the raiſing up of His Highneſs in this Juncture of time, and preſerving him from his bloodthirſty Enemies, ſo ſeaſonably to remain ſtill our Ruler, who hath been ſo ſucceſſefully our Leader, God having already put upon him as much of the honour of Our peace as many a noble Spirit of the hazard of our wars; and we deſire to honour him as much ſitting at the Helm of Government, as in the head of our Armies; in bringing to effect thoſe great things, for which the faithful in theſe Nations have from the beginning of our troubles continually contended with GOD by earneſt prayer, and long with their enemies by vaſt8 expence of blood. So that upon diligent inquiry into the whole buſineſs, divers are taken both in City and Countrey; amongſt the reſt, maſter Hutchins maſter of the Sun Tavern in Alderſgate ſtreet was carryed away. And diver, other Gentlemen were taken, who unhappily had involved them in this Aſſaſſination. No leſs then 50000 are ſaid to be Complices and Confederates; and a Liſt of as many more is ſaid to be preſented. A ſhort time (probably) may produce ſtrange Alterations, and variety of Changes. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 2, no. A85596) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 118332) Images scanned from microfilm: (Thomason Tracts ; 113:E738) Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. EEBO-TCP is a partnership between the Universities of Michigan and Oxford and the publisher ProQuest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by ProQuest via their Early English Books Online (EEBO) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). 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After proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of 100 instances per text. Any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. Understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of TCP data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. Users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a TCP editor. The texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level 4 of the TEI in Libraries guidelines. Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). 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Looking for Tennis and Racket Sports International News? Table Tennis Rules Ping pong, also known as table tennis, follows a set of rules established by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF). Here are some fundamental rules of ping pong: - Game Points: - A game is typically played to 11 points, but it can also be played to 21 points in some formats. - Winning a Game: - The player or pair scoring 11 points (or as designated by the game format) first and leading by at least two points wins the game. - A match can be the best of any odd number of games (e.g., best of three or best of five). - Service Rotation: - Players or pairs switch sides after every two points, and they also switch sides at the end of each game. - Service Order: - Players take turns serving, and each player serves for two points in a row until the end of the game. - Service Rules: - The ball must be thrown vertically at least 6 inches before being struck. It must be hit behind the server's end line, pass over the net, and bounce in the opponent's side of the table. - Receiver's Position: - The receiver must stand behind the end line and wait for the serve. The ball must bounce once on the receiver's side after being served before it is returned. - Rally Rules: - The ball must be hit over the net and into the opponent's side of the table. Players alternate hitting the ball during a rally. - Scoring During a Rally: - A point is scored when the opponent fails to return the ball according to the rules. - If a served ball hits the net but lands in the correct service area, it is a "let," and the serve is taken again. - Service Order in Doubles: - In doubles, teammates alternate hitting the ball. The serving team decides which player serves first, and players switch service every two points. - Service to Receiver Diagonally: - In doubles, the serve must go from the right half of the server's court to the right half of the receiver's court diagonally. - Table and Net: - The table should be rectangular, 2.74 meters long, 1.525 meters wide, and 76 centimeters high. The net is 15.25 centimeters high. - Players use a paddle (racket) to hit the ball. The ball is made of celluloid or similar plastic materials. - Ball in Play: - The ball is in play from the moment it is intentionally struck. These rules provide a basic overview, and there are more detailed regulations for specific situations in competitive play. It's advisable to refer to the official ITTF rules for a comprehensive understanding of the game. When you subscribe to the blog, we will send you an e-mail when there are new updates on the site so you wouldn't miss them.

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Discover the benefits and techniques that can transform lives. By Rosewood Recovery Team July 10, 2024 Understanding Drama Therapy Drama therapy is a creative and experiential form of therapy that combines elements of drama and psychotherapy to facilitate personal growth and healing. It offers a unique approach to therapy that doesn't require previous dramatic experience. Drama therapy can be effective for individuals of all ages, including children, adolescents, and adults, and it has been found beneficial for a variety of issues such as trauma, abuse, mental health disorders, addiction, family conflict, and social problems. Introduction to Drama Therapy Drama therapy provides individuals with a safe and supportive space to explore their thoughts, emotions, and experiences through creative expression. By engaging in drama activities, role-playing, and improvisation, participants can tap into their imagination and gain a deeper understanding of themselves and their relationships. Drama therapy works for individuals, groups, or family settings and can be particularly helpful for those who find traditional talk therapy unengaging or difficult . Benefits of Drama Therapy Drama therapy offers a range of benefits that can positively impact individuals' mental and emotional well-being. Here are some of the key benefits: Drama therapy offers a dynamic and engaging approach to therapy that can benefit individuals in various ways. By harnessing the power of drama and creativity, individuals can gain self-confidence, explore new problem-solving skills, and develop a greater sense of self-awareness and personal growth. Applications of Drama Therapy Drama therapy is a versatile and effective therapeutic approach that can be applied to various age groups and settings. It has shown promising results in helping individuals navigate mental health conditions and address a range of issues. Let's explore the applications of drama therapy in different contexts. Age Groups and Settings Drama therapy can be beneficial for people of all ages, from children to adolescents and adults. It offers a unique and engaging approach to therapy that allows individuals to explore their thoughts, emotions, and experiences through creative expression. Children and adolescents, in particular, can benefit from drama therapy as it provides a safe space for them to process their feelings and develop coping skills. Drama therapy can be conducted in various settings, including individual therapy sessions, group therapy, or family therapy. It is particularly helpful for individuals who find traditional talk therapy unengaging or challenging. By incorporating drama and creative activities, drama therapy offers a dynamic and experiential form of therapy that encourages active participation and exploration . Effectiveness in Mental Health Conditions Drama therapy has been found to be effective in addressing various mental health conditions. It can be particularly helpful for individuals dealing with trauma, abuse, addiction, mental health disorders, family conflict, and social problems. By combining drama techniques with psychotherapy methods, drama therapy enables individuals to express their thoughts and feelings effectively, promoting emotional healing and personal growth. The therapeutic benefits of drama therapy extend beyond specific conditions. It offers a unique approach to therapy that doesn't require previous dramatic experience, making it accessible to a wide range of individuals. Some of the therapeutic outcomes of drama therapy include improved communication skills, enhanced emotional expression, the development of empathy, exploration of different perspectives, and the ability to work through conflicts. By harnessing the power of drama and creative expression, drama therapy provides a valuable therapeutic tool for individuals, groups, and families. It offers a forum to try on new roles, learn new ways of relating, and express emotions, creating opportunities for personal discovery, self-confidence, and problem-solving skills development. Drama therapy is a versatile and effective approach that can make a significant positive impact on individuals' mental well-being and overall quality of life. Techniques in Drama Therapy Drama therapy utilizes various techniques to facilitate personal growth and healing. These techniques involve engaging in drama activities, role-playing, and improvisation, creating a safe space for individuals to explore and express their thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Drama Activities and Methods Drama activities form the foundation of drama therapy. These activities may include games, play-acting, storytelling, and guided visualizations. By participating in these activities, individuals can tap into their creativity and imagination, allowing for the exploration of emotions and the processing of challenging life experiences. One of the benefits of drama activities is their ability to provide individuals with new perspectives. Through the use of different roles and scenarios, individuals can gain objectivity from their own experiences and situations. This objectivity allows for interaction and play in an objective way, enabling clients to view roles and experiences in a new light. By embodying various characters, individuals can better understand different perspectives and broaden their understanding of themselves and others. Role-playing and Improvisation Role-playing is a key technique in drama therapy. It involves individuals taking on specific roles and acting out real-life events or fictional scenarios. Through role-playing, individuals can explore and work through situations, express emotions through the body and voice, receive support, and enhance interpersonal relationships. This technique allows individuals to step into the shoes of others, promoting empathy and understanding. Improvisation is another powerful technique in drama therapy. It involves spontaneous and unscripted performance, where individuals create scenes, dialogue, and actions in the moment. Improvisation encourages individuals to trust their instincts, be present, and respond authentically to the given circumstances. This technique fosters creativity, flexibility, and adaptability, allowing individuals to explore new ways of being and interacting. Both role-playing and improvisation provide a flexible and open environment for individuals to express their thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Through these techniques, individuals can act out their real-life events, experiment with different behaviors, and form supportive relationships within the therapeutic setting . This creative and interactive approach aids in emotional release, self-discovery, and the development of essential life skills. In conclusion, drama therapy employs drama activities, role-playing, and improvisation to create a safe and supportive environment for individuals to explore and express themselves. These techniques allow for the expression of thoughts and feelings in different ways, aiding in emotional release, self-discovery, and personal growth. Engaging in drama therapy can lead to improved emotional regulation, increased self-awareness, enhanced self-esteem, and the development of stronger interpersonal skills. Training and Practice in Drama Therapy Drama therapy is a specialized field that requires specific training and adherence to professional standards. Individuals who aspire to become drama therapists need to undergo rigorous education and practical experience to effectively practice this therapeutic approach. Let's explore the process of becoming a drama therapist and the professional requirements and standards involved. Becoming a Drama Therapist To become a registered drama therapist, individuals typically need a master's degree in psychology or a related field, along with coursework in drama therapy. It is important to note that there are different pathways to becoming a drama therapist, and requirements may vary depending on the country or region. However, a master's degree with a specialization in drama therapy is commonly sought after. In addition to formal education, aspiring drama therapists often complete a supervised internship or practicum. This hands-on experience allows them to apply the principles and techniques of drama therapy in a real-world setting. It provides an opportunity to work with diverse populations and gain valuable skills under the guidance of experienced professionals. Furthermore, having a background in theater or performance arts can be advantageous for those pursuing a career in drama therapy. Theater experience helps individuals develop a deeper understanding of dramatic techniques and storytelling, enhancing their ability to engage clients effectively. Professional Requirements and Standards Drama therapists are trained professionals who adhere to specific codes of ethics and standards of practice set by professional organizations. In North America, the North American Drama Therapy Association (NADTA) plays a vital role in establishing guidelines for the field. The NADTA outlines the educational requirements and professional standards for drama therapists. These requirements often include earning a master's or doctoral degree in drama therapy from an accredited program, or having a degree in theater or mental health professions with additional training in drama therapy. Adhering to these standards ensures that drama therapists have the necessary knowledge and skills to provide effective and ethical therapy to their clients. Drama therapists are committed to creating a safe and supportive environment for individuals to explore their emotions, thoughts, and experiences. They employ various dramatic techniques, such as role-playing, improvisation, and storytelling, to facilitate personal growth and development. By maintaining professional standards, drama therapists ensure that their practice is rooted in ethics and efficacy, promoting the well-being of their clients. In conclusion, becoming a drama therapist requires a master's degree or higher in drama therapy or a related field, along with practical experience and adherence to professional standards. By pursuing the necessary education and training, individuals can embark on a rewarding career where they can harness the power of drama to facilitate healing and transformation for their clients. Therapeutic Outcomes in Drama Therapy Drama therapy offers a unique approach to therapy that can yield various therapeutic outcomes. Through the use of drama activities and methods, individuals can experience improvements in communication skills, emotional expression, and empathy. Let's explore these outcomes in more detail. Improved Communication Skills One of the significant benefits of drama therapy is its ability to enhance communication skills. By engaging in dramatic activities and role-playing, individuals can practice and develop effective communication techniques. Drama therapy provides a forum to try on new roles, learn new ways of relating, and express emotions, enabling individuals to gain self-confidence and explore new problem-solving skills . Through the process of role-playing and improvisation, individuals can experiment with different communication styles, practice active listening, and learn to express themselves assertively and empathetically. This can be particularly beneficial for people who struggle with social interactions or find it challenging to express their thoughts and feelings effectively. Emotional Expression and Empathy Drama therapy also facilitates emotional expression and the development of empathy. The experiential and creative nature of drama therapy allows individuals to explore and express their emotions in a safe and supportive environment. By assuming different roles and engaging in dramatic activities, individuals can tap into a range of emotions and express them authentically. The process of drama therapy encourages individuals to explore different perspectives, work through conflicts, and gain insight into their own emotions and the emotions of others. This can help develop empathy and enhance emotional attunement. Through role-playing, individuals can gain objectivity from their own experiences and situations, promoting mindfulness of their emotions and fostering personal growth. By participating in drama therapy, individuals can achieve emotional integration, expand their experiences, tell their stories, solve problems, and achieve catharsis. Drama therapy interrupts self-critical thinking, rebuilds trust in the body, and enhances emotional and physical integration. It also promotes mindfulness and meditation practices, aiding individuals in their emotional growth . Overall, drama therapy provides a powerful avenue for individuals to improve their communication skills, express their emotions, and develop empathy. It offers a unique and experiential approach to therapy that doesn't require previous dramatic experience. Through the use of drama activities and methods, individuals can gain valuable insights, explore their emotions, and foster personal growth. Drama Therapy Research and Evidence When it comes to drama therapy, research and evidence support its effectiveness in addressing various mental health conditions and promoting overall well-being. Let's explore some studies and findings that shed light on the benefits of drama therapy. Studies and Findings Limited research suggests that drama therapy can be beneficial for individuals dealing with trauma, abuse, mental health disorders, addiction, family conflict, and social problems. For example, a 2021 study involving individuals with serious mental illnesses showed a modest reduction in the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale after a 9-week drama therapy program . Another study from the same year focused on individuals with dementia and found a significant improvement in depressive symptoms and quality of life after an 8-week drama therapy program. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 studies involving 797 participants revealed the positive impact of drama-based interventions on trauma-related disorders, cognitive functioning, quality of life, and depression. Drama-based interventions were found to be effective in reducing symptoms of trauma-related disorders, improving cognitive functioning, and enhancing quality of life. They also showed positive effects on depression and communication skills, although not statistically significant. Moreover, drama-based interventions have been found to be feasible and effective in coping with the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. They provide therapeutic benefits and address issues related to social isolation, anxiety, and depression. Online drama interventions have emerged as a viable strategy during the pandemic, offering a means of support and engagement. Impact on Mental Health Conditions Drama therapy combines drama and psychotherapy methods to enable individuals to express their thoughts and feelings effectively, making it effective for a wide range of mental health conditions. It has been found beneficial in helping individuals improve their communication skills, enhance emotional expression, develop empathy, explore different perspectives, and work through conflicts. Drama therapy offers a unique and engaging approach to therapy that doesn't require previous dramatic experience. Research indicates that drama therapy can be particularly helpful for individuals who find traditional talk therapy unengaging or difficult. By utilizing drama-based activities, role-playing, and improvisation, drama therapy provides individuals with a creative outlet to explore and process their emotions, thoughts, and experiences. In summary, drama therapy has shown promise in improving mental health outcomes and enhancing overall well-being. The combination of drama and therapy techniques offers a unique and engaging approach to address a variety of mental health conditions. Further research and continued exploration of drama therapy can contribute to its ongoing development and understanding as an effective therapeutic modality. Aetna is a well-known and respected insurance provider that offers a wide range of health insurance plans to individuals and employers. With a history dating back over 160 years, Aetna has established itself as a trusted name in the insurance industry. Rosewood Recovery does not discrimate against any person because of the race, color, religious creed, ancestry, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, handicap or disability or the use of a guide or support animal because of the blindness, deafness or physical handicap.

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Tall bright and imposing, Torch Lilies lend height, vibrancy and drama to any garden, the fiery, torch-like flowers make vertical accents in a sunny border and can look stunning in a well grown clump. The tall sturdy stems look wonderful against a background of ornamental grasses and the blooms last well when cut. The Kniphofia hybrids have extended both the flower colour and height range. The usual fiery reds and oranges work particularly well in a planting scheme based on 'hot' colours - use them to light up sultry August borders. The cooler yellow, cream, ivory and sometimes green flowers is more restful. Flowering usually occurs from autumn to spring, depending on the species and the grassy to sword-shaped foliage is more often than not, evergreen. The leaves are linear, v-shaped and are usually around 75cm (30in) long with a rough-textured margin. They arise from a crown of fleshy roots. Usually, the top of the inflorescence will be orange or red while the older flowers at the base will have faded to yellow or cream. Plants remain in bloom for about a month. The tall sturdy stems look wonderful against a background of ornamental grasses and the blooms last well when cut. This is an easy and undemanding plant, originally from South Africa, brought to England in 1707, they were kept as greenhouse treasures until 1848, when someone had the bright idea of planting them outdoors, and their abiding hardiness was discovered. Hardy to minus 23°C (–10°F), in mild winters, the leaves may be semi-evergreen. Sowing: Sow February to June or sow in September to October to flower the following season Sow on the surface of lightly firmed, moist seed compost in pots or trays. Cover seed with a light sprinkling of compost or vermiculite; do not cover it needs light to germinate. The compost should be kept moist, at all times. Keep at a temperature of between 15 to 20°C (59-68°F). Germination takes between 14 and 45 days. Prick out each seedling as it becomes large enough to handle, transplant into 7.5cm (3in) pots or trays. Do not allow the plants to become dry either before or after planting. Grow them on in the greenhouse for at least their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts. Gradually acclimatise to outdoor conditions for 10 to 15 days before planting out in the early summer. Space 30cm (12in) apart. Kniphofia require a sunny position to flower well, it cannot grow in the shade. The soil should be not too dry in summer and as dry as you can arrange in winter - good drainage is critical. Kniphofia can cope with salt winds and will thrive near the coast. Water well during the flowering season. In autumn remove and compost the faded flowers and apply deep dry mulch such as pine needles around the crown of the plant. In spring cut back to the ground to keep the foliage fresh-looking and divide and re-plant overcrowded colonies as new growth commences. Larger clumps can be replanted direct into their permanent positions, though it is best to pot up smaller clumps and grow them on in a cold frame until they are rooting well. Kniphofia will last a week or two in water. The lower flowers can be snipped off as they die. Interestingly - Red hot pokers do not like cigarette smoke. City/Courtyard Gardens, Cottage/Informal Garden, Flower Arranging, Borders and Beds, Containers, Patios, Tubs. Wildlife / Butterfly Garden, Maritime Garden. About 70 species of Kniphofias are found in Africa with most of the cultivated selections coming from South Africa. Red hot pokers are closely related to aloes except Kniphofias don’t have very succulent leaves. They belong to Asphodelaceae family, a new family split from the overly large lily family. Pronounced ni-FOH-feea, or k-nip-HOF-ia. The genus name honours German botanist Johann Hieronymus Kniphof (1704-1763). The species name uvaria derives from an old generic name for the plant, from the Latin uva meaning grape referring to the clustered fruits of some species. The common names red hot poker or torch lily aptly describe the striking flower heads. NCCPG National Collection of Kniphofia is at Barton Manor, Isle of Wight For further information about pokers please consult: Mr. Lester Elliott (Head Gardener) Barton Manor, Whippingham, East Cowes, Isle of Wight, England. PO32 6LB. - Additional Information Packet Size 100mg Average Seed Count 35 Seeds Family Asphodelaceae Genus Kniphofia Species uvaria Cultivar New Hybrids Synonym Kniphofia aloides (Formerly called Tritoma) Common Name Red Hot Poker, Torch Lily Hardiness Hardy Perennial Flowers Red, Orange, Yellow, Cream. Ivory, Green. Natural Flower Time Late summer, to spring Foliage Usually evergreen, sword shaped leaves. Height 45 to 60cm (18-24in) Position Requires a sunny position to flower well, it cannot grow in the shade. Soil Good drainage is critical Time to Sow Sow Feb to June or in September to October to flower the following season Germination Between 14 and 45 days.

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What part of the baby do people eat? Answer From Mary Marnach, M.D. Eating your placenta after giving birth (placentophagy) can pose harm to both you and your baby. The placenta is an intricate organ that nourishes the growing fetus by exchanging nutrients and oxygen and filtering waste products via the umbilical cord. Why do people eat the placenta? People who support eating the placenta say that it can raise your energy and breast milk quantity. They also say it can level off your hormones, lowering your chances of postpartum depression and insomnia. Those claims have not been fully tested. Can you eat the baby cord? Yes, you can eat the placenta and leave the umbilical cord attached, but do you really want to? As routine as birth has become (386,000 babies are born into the world each day), there are still some parts of labor and delivery that are a bit odd. Do girls eat the placenta? Typically, women eat their placenta after delivery to reap potential benefits, such as a quicker recovery from birth. The practice is called placentophagy and, according to one study, 25 percent of women would be willing to try it. Can you eat your twin in the womb? Vanishing twin syndrome was first recognized in 1945. This occurs when a twin or multiple disappears in the uterus during pregnancy as a result of a miscarriage of one twin or multiple. The fetal tissue is absorbed by the other twin, multiple, placenta or the mother. This gives the appearance of a “vanishing twin.” What do hospitals do with placenta after birth? Hospitals treat placentas as medical waste or biohazard material. The newborn placenta is placed in a biohazard bag for storage. Some hospitals keep the placenta for a period of time in case the need arises to send it to pathology for further analysis. Why you shouldn’t eat your placenta? Q: What are the risks involved with eating the placenta? A: There’s evidence to suggest that the placenta is teeming with harmful bacteria, such as group B streptococcus. So if your plan is to eat your placenta, you’ll probably ingest that bacteria, too. What do hospitals do with placenta? What does a placenta taste like? What does placenta taste like? Taste is probably an important factor when deciding if you want to eat placenta. Some people who have eaten placenta say that it’s kind of chewy and tastes like liver or beef. Others say that it has an iron taste. Why do parents want to eat babies? According to a recent study, the desire to eat your baby up is totally normal—and healthy. Many people want to munch on some adorable, squishy baby cheeks. I’m sure you’ve heard—or even said—the following: “That baby is so cute, I just want to eat her up.” But don’t worry, it’s totally normal. Why do I feel like eating babies? In a recent study, researchers performed functional magnetic resonance imaging scans on women who unwittingly sniffed newborn infants. The odors activated reward-related areas of the brain, the same regions that trigger a pleasurable rush of dopamine when we get our hands on a desirable bit of food.

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2024-10-05T01:19:50Z

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SpaceX Sends American Astronauts to the International Space Station The Crew Dragon Today, astronauts will be launched into space from US soil for the first time in almost a decade. The blastoff is historic for a number of reasons: It marks the first time a private company, SpaceX, has sent people into orbit. The launch is also happening in the midst of a global pandemic, giving people a welcomed bit of good news. SpaceX has been working on perfecting a gumdrop-shaped capsule called the Crew Dragon for the past six years. Last year, SpaceX successfully executed a “dress rehearsal,” sending the vessel to the International Space Station without people onboard. The company has also performed numerous safety drills with the vessel’s emergency escape capabilities. Today, two experienced NASA astronauts, Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley, will become the Crew Dragon’s first passengers. The launch is scheduled to take place at 4:33 EST. After roughly 12 minutes, the rocket will release the Crew Dragon into low Earth orbit. The rocket will then return to earth while the astronauts orbit the planet for about 19 hours. The astronauts will steer the Crew Dragon toward the International Space Station and then the Crew Dragon’s autonomous docking system will kick in. The team will stay at the International Space Station for several months before returning to Earth aboard the Crew Dragon. A Beacon of Inspiration News of the flight is providing solace at a time when every headline seems to be related to coronavirus and its economic impacts. The SpaceX team and NASA are taking special precautions to ensure that coronavirus does not impact the mission. The two astronauts are quarantining and have been regularly tested for COVID-19 leading up to the launch. Though normally hundreds of thousands of people would travel to Kennedy Space Center to watch the historic blastoff, NASA has asked people to watch online instead of gathering in a large crowd and risking the spread of infection. Because this launch is happening during such a tumultuous time in history, some are comparing the Crew Dragon mission to the launch of Apollo 8 on Christmas Eve, 1968, which provided inspiration to Americans reeling from the recent assassinations of Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr. Public-Private Space Travel In addition to taking place during a pandemic, the flight is also historic because it represents the beginning of a new era of space flight driven by private enterprise. NASA negotiated a fixed-price contract with SpaceX, and despite delays and setbacks, the cost of the flight remains close to the original amount set forth. NASA will pay about $55 million per seat for this mission. That’s a bargain compared to the $70-$85 million it was costing for American astronauts to ride on the Russian Soyuz during recent years, or the $1.5 billion NASA spent on each space shuttle mission. This flight also signals progress towards private space tourism. SpaceX is already signing up passengers for multi-day trips to space, costing $35 million per seat. Though space travel is still a distant possibility for the average person, the launch of the Crew Dragon is an important milestone for public-private collaboration and many are excited about what the future has in store. Please understand that this information provided is general in nature and shouldn’t be construed as a recommendation or solicitation of any products offered by SoFi’s affiliates and subsidiaries. In addition, this information is by no means meant to provide investment or financial advice, nor is it intended to serve as the basis for any investment decision or recommendation to buy or sell any asset. Keep in mind that investing involves risk, and past performance of an asset never guarantees future results or returns. It’s important for investors to consider their specific financial needs, goals, and risk profile before making an investment decision. The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. These links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement. No brands or products mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this content. Communication of SoFi Wealth LLC an SEC Registered Investment Advisor SoFi isn’t recommending and is not affiliated with the brands or companies displayed. Brands displayed neither endorse or sponsor this article. Third party trademarks and service marks referenced are property of their respective owners.

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https://www.sofi.com/blog/spacex-sends-american-astronauts-international-space-station/

2024-10-05T00:44:46Z

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Sobel is a term with several definitions based on its context and usage. One common usage is in the field of computer vision and image processing. Sobel refers to a popular edge detection operator that derives the gradient of an image using convolution. The Sobel operator is often employed to enhance and identify edges within an image. It calculates the gradient magnitude and orientation for each pixel, producing a response of higher values near an edge and lower values in regions with smoother variations. In another context, Sobel may refer to a surname of German origin. It is derived from the Middle Low German word "sobbe," meaning "flame." As a surname, Sobel is found primarily among Jewish populations in various countries, particularly in Eastern Europe and the United States. Additionally, Sobel can be used as a colloquial term or slang. Its meaning within this context can vary based on regional or cultural factors. It is advisable to refer to specific cultural references or consult local sources in order to fully comprehend the intended meaning of Sobel within particular linguistic or cultural contexts.

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2024-10-04T23:32:12Z

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Two portions of mushrooms a week halves the risk of memory loss, research finds. Mild cognitive impairment, as it is known, is frequently a precursor to dementia. It involves forgetfulness, along with problems with language and attention. However, the problems are normally subtle — certainly more so than dementia. Older people eating around half a plate of mushrooms per week, though, were at half the risk of developing the condition. Even one small portion of mushrooms a week may be enough to have a meaningful effect, the scientists think. Dr Lei Feng, the study’s first author, said: “This correlation is surprising and encouraging. It seems that a commonly available single ingredient could have a dramatic effect on cognitive decline.” The study involved over 600 people over 60-years-old in Singapore who were followed over six years. They were tested for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) along with being asked about their dietary habits. Dr Feng said: “People with MCI are still able to carry out their normal daily activities. So, what we had to determine in this study is whether these seniors had poorer performance on standard neuropsychologist tests than other people of the same age and education background.” The study found that six commonly eaten mushrooms were linked to a 50 percent lower risk of cognitive decline. - white button, - and canned mushrooms. However, any variety of mushrooms may well have the beneficial effect as they all contain an antioxidant called ergothioneine. Dr Irwin Cheah, study co-author, explained: “We’re very interested in a compound called ergothioneine (ET). ET is a unique antioxidant and anti-inflammatory which humans are unable to synthesise on their own. But it can be obtained from dietary sources, one of the main ones being mushrooms.” The researchers will now conduct a randomised controlled trial of a pure compound of ET. The study was published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (Feng et al., 2019).

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Joel Sartore has produced more than 30 stories from around the world as a freelance photographer for National Geographic magazine. He is an author, speaker and teacher who captivates audiences with his funny and inspiring adventures. His images show a world worth saving. For many of Earth’s creatures, time is running out. Half of the world’s plant and animal species will soon be threatened with extinction. The goal of the Photo Ark is to document biodiversity, show what’s at stake and to get people to care while there’s still time. More than 1,800 species have been photographed to date, with more to come. Definitely is one of my favorites photographers, I love all the picks he took for this project I hope you enjoy his work as much I did ! Photo: Female African elephant (Loxodonta africana) at the Cheyenne Mountain Zoo. There are several career paths you can follow as a biologist, including these: Research: Research biologists study the natural world, using the latest scientific tools and techniques in both laboratory settings and the outdoors, to understand how living systems work. Many work in exotic locations around the world, and what they discover increases our understanding of biology and may be put to practical use to find solutions to specific problems. Health care: Biologists may develop public health campaigns to defeat illnesses such as tuberculosis, AIDS, cancer, and heart disease. Others work to prevent the spread of rare, deadly diseases, such as the now infamous Ebola virus. Veterinarians tend to sick and injured animals, and doctors, dentists, nurses, and other health care professionals maintain the general health and well being of their patients. Environmental management and conservation: Biologists in management and conservation careers are interested in solving environmental problems and preserving the natural world for future generations. Park rangers protect state and national parks, help preserve their natural resources, and educate the general public. Zoo biologists carry out endangered species recovery programs. In addition, management and conservation biologists often work with members of a community such as landowners and special interest groups to develop and implement management plans. Education: Life science educators enjoy working with people and encouraging them to learn new things, whether in a classroom, a research lab, the field, or a museum. Colleges and universities: Professors and lecturers teach introductory and advanced biology courses. They may also mentor students with projects and direct research programs. Primary and secondary schools: Teaching younger students requires a general knowledge of science and skill at working with different kinds of learners. High school teachers often specialize in biology and teach other courses of personal interest. Science museums, zoos, aquariums, parks, and nature centers: Educators in these settings may design exhibits and educational programs, in addition to teaching special classes or leading tours and nature hikes. New directions in biological careers: There are many careers for biologists who want to combine their scientific training with interests in other fields. Here are some examples: Biotechnology: Biologists apply scientific principles to develop and enhance products, tools, and technological advances in fields such as agriculture, food science, and medicine. Forensic science: Forensic biologists work with police departments and other law enforcement agencies using scientific methods to discover and process evidence that can be used to solve crimes. Politics and policy: Science advisors work with lawmakers to create new legislation on topics such as biomedical research and environmental protection. Their input is essential, ensuring that decisions are based upon solid science. Business and industry: Biologists work with drug companies and providers of scientific products and services to research and test new products. They also work in sales, marketing, and public relations positions. Economics: Trained professionals work with the government and other organizations to study and address the economic impacts of biological issues, such as species extinctions, forest protection, and environmental pollution. Mathematics: Biologists in fields such as bioinformatics and computational biology apply mathematical techniques to solve biological problems, such as modeling ecosystem processes and gene sequencing. Science writing and communication: Journalists and writers with a science background inform the general public about relevant and emerging biological issues. Art: All the illustrations in your biology textbook, as well as in newspaper and magazine science articles, were created by talented artists with a thorough understanding of biology. Source: http://www.aibs.c Bernie Krause ha dedicado gran parte de su vida ha obtener miles de registros acústicos en distintos rincones del planeta. Krause, autor del libro "La gran orquesta animal", es quien acunó el término "biofonía" para describir sus grabaciones en diversos ecosistemas. Estos "paisajes acústicos" le han permitido demostrar el impacto en la fauna de alteraciones en su hábitat, aunque a simple vista nada parezca haber cambiado. |

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2024-10-04T23:53:01Z

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Exactly a century ago, when Paris last hosted the Summer Olympics, 44 countries participated, including Ecuador, Ireland, Lithuania, Philippines and Uruguay, who were making their games debut alongside sports such as women’s foil fencing. The games concluded for the first time ever with a Closing Ceremony, and among the breakout stars was the United States’ Johnny Weissmuller, who would go from his gold medal performances in the swimming pool to Hollywood and the title role in 12 Tarzan movies. The social and environmental legacy of this year’s Olympic Games are front and center. Fast forward to 2024, and this time around the French capital is set to welcome participants from more than 200 countries, including the Refugee Olympic Team. They will battle it out for gold, silver and bronze on sporting fields powered by renewable energy, and refuel in the athletes’ village on plant-based meals imagined by Michelin-starred chefs and made with local ingredients. In the intervening years, not only have sports like surfing, skateboarding, sport climbing (2020) and breakdancing (2024) risen to Olympic level, but words like sustainability, climate change and social equality have been added to our everyday vocabulary. The social and environmental legacy of this year’s Olympic Games are front and center of the Paris 2024 Organising Committee’s consciousness. Here is how this year’s Olympiad is going for good – as well as for gold. It’s the great Olympic paradox: in turbulent times, sport serves more than ever as a unifier. At the same time, does the planet really need 10,000 participants, plus countless spectators and media, to fly into Paris from all over the world? Writing on the Olympics.com website, HSH the Sovereign Prince Albert II of Monaco (a five-time Olympian) acknowledges that while there are “currently no solutions to fully eliminate the carbon footprint of large events, Paris 2024 is showing how this can be reduced”. Both the Olympics and Paralympics will harness wind and solar power as it pledges to run on 100 percent renewable energy. The organizers claim they are on track to slash carbon emissions by half, as compared to the averages of both London 2012 and Rio 2016. Both the Olympics and Paralympics will harness wind and solar power as it pledges to run on 100 percent renewable energy. By turning to alternative sources rather than diesel generators, these games are set to save the equivalent of 13,000 metric tons of carbon emissions. It’s an unavoidable reality that if you want to host the Olympic Games, it’s going to cost you. Russia’s bill for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi came in at a whopping US$50 billion, according to the Council on Foreign Relations. Much of that expenditure was to build the required infrastructure to host the event. While the final costs are yet to be tallied for Paris, the budget is around US$8.5 billion – and hopes are high that limiting new constructions will stop costs from spiraling. Around 95 percent of venues will be temporary structures or existing buildings that will be refurbished and modernized. After the Olympic flame has been extinguished, these renovations will contribute to urban renewal in the city. Food for Thought To feed an Olympics, 13 million meals are needed – that’s what Paris 2024’s organizers are projecting in any case. And, in a country that takes food very seriously, there’s a huge appetite for approaching Olympic cuisine through a sustainable lens. That means doubling the amount of plant-based food, prioritizing local and organic sourcing (80 percent of ingredients will be French and 30 percent of ingredients organic), halving the amount of single-use plastic, limiting food waste and selling unused food at reduced prices or gifting it to local organizations. Some of the country’s most celebrated chefs, including Alexandre Mazzia from three-Michelin-starred restaurant AM in Marseille, are consulting on a menu of more than 500 dishes – with at least one recipe to represent each region of France. Olympic organizers have openly stated that employment is a “priority area” for Paris 2024, with the games set to create 150,000 jobs across areas such as event organization, tourism, catering and construction. While that’s nothing new – Tokyo’s winning bid generated the same number of employment opportunities – the French are funneling many of these opportunities towards the long-term unemployed, the country’s small and medium businesses and disadvantaged communities. Paris has chosen its emblematic Seine waterway as the unconventional setting for the Opening Ceremony. In a first for the Olympics, Paris 2024 agreed on a social charter with trade unions and employer organizations. In it, plans were laid out to ensure at least 10 percent of procurement working hours are filled by people considered “far from employment” – those not employed, nor in education or training. Other strategies include the preparation of French high school students for employment opportunities through work experience and training schemes. The Paris 2024 procurement strategy is not only about bringing the long-term unemployed back into the workforce but also about promoting the country’s small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as well. Of the 90 percent of supply contracts awarded to French businesses, nearly three-quarters of them – or 1,200 businesses – are SMEs. Rather than in a stadium, Paris has chosen its emblematic Seine waterway as the unconventional setting for the Opening Ceremony. Expect to watch the athletes paraded down the iconic river on boats. Initially, eyes will be far from the Stade de France, which will also serve as the Olympic Stadium. But the French administrative department where the stadium is located, Seine-Saint-Denis, is set to benefit in the long run from Olympic regeneration. Among the positive impacts for the area, which suffers from some of the highest unemployment and poverty rates in France, are new sports facilities, including a new aquatic center (the only new purpose-built competition venue), cycling lanes and green spaces. And, once the participants have left the Olympic Village, the site will be converted into a much-needed new residential neighborhood in the suburb of Saint-Denis with nearly 3,000 apartments, shops and green areas. A French overseas territory, Tahiti is the unlikely site for the surfing competition at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games. But here, nearly 16,000 kilometers from the French capital, the Organising Committee is facing criticism for an act that flies in the face of stated sustainable aims. In order to host the event, organizers are hoping to construct an aluminum tower in the water for judges and cameras. The problem is that, by doing so, foundations will have to be drilled into a coral reef. Opponents are asking why the existing wooden judges’ structure, which has stood for two decades, isn’t enough?

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2024-10-04T23:36:35Z

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Visualize yourself exercising while you are at work on your coffee break. Shut your eyes and take yourself through a weight lifting routine. Imagine the free weights and the machines, making sure you exercise all of your muscle groups. By modifying your food choices and portion sizes, by drinking more water and exercising, you can be a new you by summer. Visualize what you want yourself to look like and soon you will see it in the mirror. Packaging has been the need of human kind from early time for storing, transporting, preserve foods, goods, products...The earliest time, people made the packets from animal skins, large leaves, vegetables to keep their food clean and fresh. In the war time, iron, steel can was invented to keep food safe for soldiers. In daily life, lots of materials were put in use: paper, glass, wood to corn, aluminum...With the dramatic innovation of technology, the interaction between people from different areas, different countries increase and demand of trading rises day by day, packaging in a most convenience way is necessary and vital. Plastic bag has been invented to meet that demand as an excellent solution. So how plastic bags are produced? Plastic comes as a by-product of oil refining, and uses only 4% of the total world's oil production. It is a 'biogeochemical' manipulation of certain properties of oil, into polymers, that behave 'plastically.' Plastic polymers are manufactured into 5 main types, of which, plastic bags are made of the type known as Polyethylene. At this case, sometimes manufacturers will add an additive called impact modifier to make bags strong. When customers require plastic bags which can be destroyed easily in lands, suppliers must mix biodegradable additives as EPI or DW2 with quantity 1 or 2% when extruding. The 1st process is blowing film or called extruding film. All the materials will be put into extruding machine to make big plastic film roll. In this steps, workers or technicians must control the bag rolls into smooth appearance. The second step is printing process which is mainly used for shopping bags which many companies could customize the printing image with their logo, brand name, information about products...When getting orders with printing image, manufactures will create printing plates (printing cylinders) to put into printing machines. Images are analyzed into different colors; each colour will be controlled by one worker if the bags need print many colors or printing images are difficult. The third step is cutting and sealing process. The plastic rolls are put into cutting workshop to make it into different shapes and different handles. There are a lot of cutting machines available served for different handles: T-shirt, die cut, soft loop, patch handle, rigid, flat merchandise, etc For the special kinds such as drawstring plastic handle bags, rigid plastic handle bags, soft loop plastic handle bags, they are usually required some manual steps which can not be implemented by automatic machine. In manual workshop, workers have to sew the handles into the bags, putting the cardboard into gussets (customized to customer's requirement), punching the hole...

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2024-10-04T23:53:55Z

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Please provide an overview the current situation regarding corruption and anti-corruption in Burkina Faso. Overview of corruption in Burkina Faso The Republic of Burkina Faso is a landlocked country in West Africa, belonging to the Sahel region of Africa. The country gained independence from France in 1960 as the Republic of Upper Volta, experiencing multiple military coups until 1983. In 1983, then prime minister and army captain Thomas Sankara staged a coup with support from the military. Sankara undertook ambitious socio-economic reform, nationalising natural resource extraction and negotiating with international financial institutions to reduce debt pressure. Crucially, Sankara’s rhetoric focused heavily on anti-corruption principles, going so far as renaming the country Burkina Faso (land of honest/incorruptible men) (Hagberg 2015). In 1987, the regime was overthrown by military general Compaoré, who undertook a gradual democratisation of the country through a 1991 constitutional reform that guaranteed multi-party elections and began a process of decentralisation (Hilgers and Mazzocchetti 2010). In 1991, Compaoré was the only candidate for election, winning with a low 25% participation (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018; Bonnecase 2015). Through networks of clientelism and patronage (Santiso and Loada 2003) and the deployment of harsh military repression of opposition movements, as well as amendments to the constitutio, Compaoré managed to stay in power until 2014 (Bonnecase 2015). In October 2014, following news of Campaore’s intention to once again reform the constitution to abolish term limits, popular protests supported by military groups led to Compaoré’s resignation and to the establishment of a national democratic council. In 2015, a coup by military guards loyal to Compaoré failed due to massive street protests and intervention by other troops (Asante 2015). Fair and free elections were held later that year, where Christian Kaboré was elected, the first civilian to hold the post of president in the history of the country (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018). Since Kaboré’s election, the country has been gripped by rising security threats, with over 400 violent incidents reported since 2016 and around a third of the territory no longer under state control (Le Monde 2019). While the current administration accuses Compaoré and religious extremists of orchestrating the violence, observers point to a range of domestic factors driving people into the arms of insurgent groups, including bad governance, injustice, and human rights abuses on the part of the military (Le Monde 2019). Studies indicate that many officials appointed to posts in the north of the country have “become rich on the proceeds of trafficking, corruption and racketeering”, which has generated considerable local grievances and fuelled conflict (International Crisis Group 2017).In addition, the head of the Autorité Supérieure de Contrôle d’Etat et de Lutte contre la Corruption identifies growing corruption, particularly with regards to the black box that is defence spending, as crippling the state’s ability to respond effectively to these challenges (Le Monde 2019). Violence has escalated in 2019, as seven to nine different armed groups contest the central government’s authority in the north of the country. As the number of internally displaced persons has risen from 87,000 in February 2019 to 500,000 in October, Western officials reportedly fear the total collapse of state authority (Reuters 2019; Le Monde 2019). Burkina Faso is a parliamentary democracy with a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of government. The current 1998 constitution establishes a decentralised system of appointed regional governments and communes with limited fiscal autonomy, governed by local mayors and councils (Dafflon and Madies 2012), as well as a special administrative government for Ouagadougou, the national capital. Freedom House considers Burkina Faso to be a partly free democracy (Freedom House 2019), and 89% of Burkinabé respondents to the 2017 Afrobarometer survey consider the country to be a democracy, though 25% of respondents cite major problems (Afrobarometer 2017). Burkina Faso is considered one of the least economically developed countries in the world: with a GDP per capita at only US$1,900 (CIA World Factbook 2019). The average life expectancy is around 60 years (World Bank 2019), and the country has a human development index score of 0.402, among the lowest in the world (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018). Approximately 76.4% of the population lives under the poverty line, and 3% of the working-age population is unemployed (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018). Inequality is significant in Burkina Faso, as shown by the country's 2017 Gini index score of 35.3. The Burkinabé economy is dominated by ore and mineral mining and agriculture, particularly cotton (CIA World Factbook 2019). Extent of corruption International surveys on corruption show that corruption in Burkina Faso is a widespread problem. Burkina Faso ranks 78 out of 180 countries in the 2018 Corruption Perceptions Index, with a score of 41, slightly below the global average of 43, but above the average score for sub-Saharan Africa of 32 (Transparency International 2019a). The 2017 Mo Ibrahim Index of African Governance reflects a similar situation, giving Burkina Faso a score of 57.1 out of 100, above the African average of 49.9 (Mo Ibrahim Foundation 2018). Finally, the World Governance Indicators shows that Burkina Faso is in the 53 percentile rank for control of corruption, a notable increase from the 38.5 percentile rank held in 2014 (Kaufmann and Kray 2018). These perceptions tend to correlate to national opinion surveys on corruption. In the 2017 Afrobarometer survey, 30% of respondents from Burkina Faso believe all or most government officials to be corrupt (Afrobarometer 2017). It is important to note, however, that the same Afrobarometer survey shows that 53% of respondents believe corruption to have decreased in the last year, a result echoed by the 2019 Global Corruption Barometer (GCB), where 54% of respondents believed corruption to have decreased in the last 12 months. Bribery is present at all levels of the Burkinabé state and business sector. In the 2019 GCB, at least 16% of respondents in Burkina Faso stated that they had paid a bribe in some form, below the 28% average in the rest of Africa (Transparency International 2019b). The results of the 2017 Afrobarometer show a lower rate of bribery, as just 2% of respondents claimed to have bribed officials to obtain documents they needed, 5% bribed to get medical attention at a public hospital or clinic, and 2% paid a bribe or did a favour for a government official to access public services (Afrobarometer 2017). Réseau National de Lutte Anti-Corruption (REN-LAC), a local civil society organisation, also undertook a national survey on corruption in 2017 and found 39.3% of respondents had paid a bribe in the last year (REN-LAC 2017). The private sector is also affected by corruption. The latest (2009) Enterprise Survey reported that 9.7% of enterprises surveyed considered corruption to be a major constraint for their businesses. Meanwhile, 9.8% of firms experienced a bribe request, and 18.8% of the firms surveyed report being expected to give gifts to win government contracts (World Bank 2018a). In the World Economic Forum's 2018 Global Competitiveness Index, specifically the corruption and ethics indicator (which measures bribery incidence among businesses, solvency and transparency of public funds and corruption perceptions among business), Burkina Faso has a score of 42, ranking it number 63 out of 140 countries in the Index (World Economic Forum 2018). Forms of corruption Patronage and bureaucratic corruption Before the 2014 protests, the executive branch of government controlled most appointments of civil servants and controlled the remuneration and transfer of resources to local governments (Hagberg et al. 2017). The use of strategic, clientelistic hiring practices and petty corruption at local level was a key electoral tactic that Compaoré used to stay in power (Hilgers and Loada 2013). Cases of corruption of high-level officials were rarely brought forward during Campaore’s rule (Akouwerabou and Bako 2015), and when they were, it was generally before elections to ramp up support for the government, as was the case of the 2011 corruption case brought against the head of Burkina Faso’s customs ministry (Salisbury 2018). In 2004, a public accounts court audit showed that 151 retired civil servants were still receiving their salaries, amounting to US$860,000. The Ministry of Finance claimed ignorance about these retirements, deepening the debate about the ministry’s capacity to control its accounts (Transparency International and Damiba 2006). Since 2014, reforms have been made to professionalise and incorporate merit into government appointments and hiring. Despite advances in this area, observers are not overly optimistic as regards efforts to curb corruption in the public administration, given that the well-established patronage and clientelist networks forged under Compaoré still persist (Hagberg et al. 2017; Bonnecase 2015). These networks originated during the decentralisation process in the 1990s, as local leaders, especially in rural areas, were co-opted by Campaoré’s faction via the selective transfer of administrative powers and public services (Odaro 2012). This has led to the general perception that local governments rely on the largesse dispensed by political parties’ war chests to maintain support and clientelist practices (Hagberg et al. 2017). In 2014, shortly after the protests, massive interventions were undertaken in most ministries, as well as in local governments, where special delegations were assigned to assume administrative roles until the new local governments could be elected in 2016. The transitional government further cracked down on exiting mayors, charging many with financial crimes and corruption (Hagberg et al. 2017). The special delegations, in many cases, were likewise accused by local populations of corruption, particularly with financing political parties with local funds ahead of the 2015 elections (Hagberg et al. 2017; Lierl 2017). In 2016, the Higher Authority for State Control and the Fight Against Corruption (ASCE-LC) published a report where it found many instances of patronage and corrupt adjudication of public service employment and public contracts by the transitional government (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018). Various civil society organisations were highly critical of the adjudication of public offices by the transitional government, noting many instances of vote buying and nepotism (Hagberg et al. 2017). By 2019, the government hopes that 50% of all government hirings will be carried out through a digital platform to avoid nepotism and cronyism in the civil service (Open Government Partnership 2019). In terms of petty corruption in public service delivery, data from the 2019 Global Corruption Barometer suggests that after police officers (21%), public officials working in utilities agencies are the most likely to solicit bribes from citizens (12%), followed by officials providing documents (11%), teachers (9%) and health workers (5%) (Transparency International 2019b). Private sector corruption and tax evasion With the return to multi-party democracy in the early 1990s, there was an explosion of investment by private enterprises in public procurement and resource extraction. However, despite low fiscal pressure and the low cost of permit and licence acquisition relative to its neighbours (Grimm et al. 2011), informal enterprises make up a significant percentage of the local economy, providing 74.3% of employment in Burkina Faso (Akouwerabou and Bako 2015). Tax enforcement is low and unevenly applied, and corruption in the tax collection service is significant according to REN-LAC (2017). Coupled with tax evasion, the business culture in Burkina Faso is also known to be open to corruption to avoid state controls. Surveys show that around 56% of Burkinabé are sympathetic to tax avoidance when it comes to operating a business. For example, a REN-LAC survey of customs agency workers, inspectors and directors found that 22.6% of respondents had been offered a bribe in the last 12 months, almost a third of which report having been offered bribes at least once a week (REN-LAC 2015). Unsurprisingly, the 2019 GCB shows that Burkinabé respondents view business executives as the most corrupt group in the country (Transparency International 2019b), while in the 2017 Afrobarometer, 39% of Burkinabé respondents believe businesspeople to be corrupt. According to Global Financial Integrity (2019), due to an estimated trade misinvoicing rate of 26.2%, Burkina Faso loses an average of US$620 million annually in the form of illicit financial outflows. Notably, Hagberg and other academics attribute the recent rise of violent extremism in the country to illicit financial flows and the lack of control of trade in the northern region of the country (Hagberg et al. 2017; Zeiger et al. 2015). UNODC (2018a) reports, for instance, that in 2018 potential foreign fighters were intercepted with US$800,000 in cash, 6.4 kg of heroin and 1 kg of cocaine. The International Crisis Group (2017) argues that much of the current violence in the north is not necessarily linked to religious extremism; in fact, many of those who have taken up arms were already involved in crime, while others “may resort to violence to defend socio-economic and financial interests or because of local grievances.” Further complicating matters is the fact that the borders between Burkina Faso and its neighbours are highly porous; a bribe of between 1,000 and 3,000 CFA francs to the police allows anyone – even those without identity papers – to cross into the country, which observers state “facilitates terrorism” (Deutsche Welle 2019). In 2018, a local media investigation found evidence in the Panama Papers document dump of the use of offshore, shell companies by various notable businessmen from Burkina Faso. The KANIS case, named after the company allegedly participating in tax evasion, was a major scandal to hit the new Kamburé presidency as some government officials were allegedly linked to the company (Keita 2018). Public financial management Public financial management has seen gradual improvements in Burkina Faso since the first laws reforming national accounting practices were introduced in the mid-1990s (Wickberg and Martini 2014). Subsequent gradual changes in the early 2000s were observed to have had a positive effect on oversight and control of government finances, though public financial management continued to be in a precarious state (Delavallade 2007). More recent assessments of budget transparency and control show that Burkina Faso is still deficient in all areas. The 2017 Open Budget assessment gives Burkina Faso a score of 26 out of 100 for budget, which reveals significant backsliding from its 2015 score of 43 (International Budget Partnership 2017). The survey also shows that information of budget execution is rare and seldom detailed. A 2016 ASCE report noted that 55% of government expenditures were listed as “exceptional procedures” (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018). Patronage and bid-fixing are common in public procurement and when cases of these corrupt acts are discovered, there is rarely redress or sanctions (REN-LAC 2011; Akouwerabou and Bako 2015). For example, Taylor (2012) comments on the case of a local businessperson who allegedly rigged bids and provided fraudulent services, was investigated and later sanctioned and blacklisted by the World Bank, yet continues to be a public service provider. Between 2008 and 2012, the ASCE-LC received more than 1,600 complaints about unfair adjudication of public contracts of which, between 30% and 50% were considered actionable by the ASCE-LC (Akouwerabou and Bako 2015). Corruption by sector While various sectors suffer from corruption in Burkina Faso, the available literature on corruption in Burkina Faso places particular interest on corruption surrounding extractive industries as well as on corruption in public service provision in health, education and the judiciary. As stated previously, the Burkinabé economy is largely powered by ore and mineral extraction and agriculture. Extractive industries make up 75% of the country’s exports, and employ roughly 10% of the nation’s workers (CIA World Factbook 2019). This dependence on extractive industries as well as the profits that can be earned through these enterprises create fertile ground for corruption. As mining takes place largely in rural communities, away from large cities, mining operations fall under the jurisdictions of local governments. Weak institutional governance in local governance, as well as reduced transparency oversight by national authorities has led to numerous instances of bribery, extortion and rent-seeking by municipal authorities and mining companies (REN-LAC 2014). The Burkinabé government has been formally challenged several times in international courts and chambers of commerce for allegedly conceding licences in exchange for bribes or kick-backs. (REN-LAC 2014). Acquiring land, especially in the mineral rich Dori region, has become especially problematic due to a broad network of legal brokers who bribe officials to block land purchases of competitors and then sell them the same land (Joslyn 2019). Tax evasion is also a serious concern in the extractive industries sector as there is little uniformity in tax rates due to the opacity of the public tax system (Kini 2015; Shaxson 2018). A 2013 survey of mineworkers by REN-LAC found that 58% of them had experienced a corrupt act that had occurred on the site they were working (REN-LAC 2014). The most common occurrences of corruption reported are “pots-de-vin” (bribes) and undue commissions to local inspectors to overlook worker health and safety standards (Kini 2015; REN-LAC 2014). Despite all these issues, the last Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) evaluation of Burkina Faso conducted in 2017 certified the country as compliant. The assessment’s key recommendations included ensuring the full disclosure of mining, oil and gas licences grants, the publication of application dates and geographic coordinates of relevant activities, greater contract transparency in the mining sector and the full disclosure of official figures for the volume and value of exports of mining enterprises (ITIE-BF 2019). Health service delivery Burkina Faso’s health provision faces serious challenges from corruption and mismanagement. Odaro (2012) notes that public service quality saw a notable drop in the early 1990s due to a wave of privatisations undertaken with minimal control or oversight. A 2003 report by the National Ethics Committee found that most social public services were highly corrupt, inefficient and lacked professionalism (Transparency International and Damiba 2006). Efforts to improve public services via decentralisation likewise met with mixed results as responsibilities were devolved to local government but devolution of resources to these governments was uneven (Brockhaus et al. 2012; Ministère de Santé and WHO 2017). The quality of the country’s health sector is low relative to other sub-Saharan African countries, with low life expectancy (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018), high mortality rates and infant mortality rates (Ministère de la Santé and WHO 2017). This is primarily due to inadequate funding, years of mismanagement and disregard, and because of entrenched cultures of rent-seeking (Odaro 2012). In their analysis of the Burkinabé health services provided by religious organisations, Gemignani, Tsimpo and Wodon (2014) note that the public health sector charges patients for medical supplies and care (a product of 1990s liberalisation of the health sector), but due to rent-seeking and alleged corruption, prices are inflated and become inaccessible to vulnerable patients. A 2018 study by REN-LAC found that the health sector saw the widespread practices of selling free medicine to patients, the theft of prescription drugs and clandestine surgical operations (REN-LAC 2019a). The report also registered multiple complaints of solicitation of bribes by health professionals, noting that of 172 patients surveyed, approximately 26% had been asked for a bribe (REN-LAC 2018). The report also featured reports by health sector whistleblowers who had come forward to denounce “ghost positions”, of posts that were not filled, yet the salaries were charged. Since 2014, there has been a concerted effort by the government to improve health services in the country, raising health budgets and providing funds for improving health infrastructure, as well as creating plans to counter corruption in the health sector. In 2018, the government set up various committees for citizen monitoring of service delivery (Comités de Suivi-citoyén des Prestations de service, CSCPS) to better understand governance problems in the health sector, plus committees to investigate and sanction racketeering in university hospital centres and regional hospital centres (Open Government Partnership 2019). Despite these advances, the Ministry of Health website contains very little information about these programmes and publishes minimal or outdated information regarding health statistics (Open Government Partnership 2019). Corruption of the judiciary and law enforcement Judicial corruption is considered to be a serious problem in Burkina Faso in most of the available literature. Judicial corruption has historically been linked to lack of judicial independence from the executive power during the rule of Compaoré. Corruption also stems from “an overall system that is inefficient, poorly trained and poorly equipped” (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018). The executive branch has the power to appoint, promote, transfer and discipline judges and prosecutors. This influence was historically abused by the Compaoré regime to manipulate key court decisions (Transparency International and Damiba 2006). For example, in 2006, a high-profile case of the murder of a local journalist, Norberto Zongo, by a presidential guard was thrown out by judges despite massive protests. In another, more extreme case, judge Salifou Nébié, who in early 2014 had ruled against reforming the 1998 constitution, was killed 30km west of Ouagadougou in suspicious circumstances, which media organisations considered retribution for his ruling (The World Today 2015; DroitLibreTV 2014) In 2005, a media exposé about corruption in the judiciary, including the soliciting of bribes, embezzlement of court funds and client extortion, led to the establishment of an ad hoc judicial commission to investigate the matter. The commission investigated the two largest court systems and was able to identify “more than 30 cases of ‘questionable practices’ and ‘suspicious behaviour’ implicating judges, lawyers, police officers, intermediaries or ‘touts’, and other users of the judicial system, including accounting firms and liquidators” (Transparency International and Damiba 2006). Despite the report, the judiciary did not take action to redress the situation, though the national bar association expelled lawyers who had solicited bribes and extorted clients and, in 2006, the judicial branch adopted a code of conduct for magistrates (Code de déontologie des magistrats) to improve access to justice, strengthen the institution’s integrity and fight judicial corruption. This code is targeted at magistrates, judicial staff and users, and comprises chapters on judicial independence, impartiality, integrity, freedom of expression, judicial competence and incompatibilities (Wickberg 2014) Since 2014, initiatives have been taken to improve accountability and transparency in the public sector but, crucially, allegedly corrupt judges and prosecutors from the Compaoré era hold enormous power (Hilgers and Loada 2013). The 2019 GCB showed that 31% of respondents believed the judiciary to be corrupt or extremely corrupt. Likewise, 29% of the 2017 Afrobarometer survey respondents believed most or all judges and magistrates to be corrupt (Afrobarometer 2017). In terms of law enforcement, the police in the country is divided between national gendarmes and municipal police forces. REN-LAC surveys show a high rate of bribery solicitation by local-level police. In 2017, the organisation considered local police the most corrupt institution in the country (REN-LAC 2017), while the 2019 GCB found that 29% of respondents believed the police to be corrupt, with 21% of those having reported bribes, paying them to police (Transparency International 2019b). While bribe solicitation from gendarmes and army units reported to REN-LAC is considerably lower, there is a notorious lack of transparency and accountability in the armed forces. In Transparency International UK’s Defence Governance Index, Burkina Faso has a low grade of F (on a Scale of A to F), with major problems related to accountability of the armed forces to the government and in relation to procurement and use of resources (Transparency International UK 2015). Furthermore, some scholars and organisations working in Burkina Faso note that the military has historically been, and continues to be, active in national politics, putting the current state of democracy at risk of coups or pressure from unelected military groups (Hagberg et al 2017, Bonnecase 2015). Legal and institutional framework Overview and background Burkina Faso’s current legal and institutional framework for countering corruption cannot be understood without understanding the impact the 2014 popular uprising and subsequent resignation of Compaoré. The protests were provoked by Compaoré’s attempt to reform the 1998 constitution to allow for indefinite re-election (Asante 2015). Inspired in part by protests in Senegal following a similar situation in that country (The World Today 2015), in Burkina Faso, various civil society and youth movements, trade unions, opposition political parties and members of the military took to the streets under the slogan “enough is enough” and “nothing will be as it was”. Observers of the protests noted that countering corruption was a key tenet of the protests and conditioned future government actions. Youth activists appropriated the figure of former president Sankara as a figure for the coming anti-corruption revolution (Hagberg 2015). Following Compaoré’s resignation, a transitional national democratic council took power and spearheaded new anti-corruption, transparency and accountability reforms ahead of the 2015 elections, including a new anti-corruption law which integrates new corruption crimes and punishments, establishes a framework to define and disclose conflicts of interest, and provides new protections for whistleblowers, as well as a new access to public information law. These reforms were carried out in a context of greater public participation in politics as well as public demonstrations for and against policies, which became collectively referred to as “ruecratie” (street-ocracy, in English) (Hagberg 2015). The context of the 2014 uprising and the subsequent reforms explain the recent flurry of anti-corruption activity as well as the transcendent nature of anti-corruption topics throughout the political spectrum (Tagnan 2019; Chayes 2018; Freedom House 2019). More than half (54%) of Burkinabé respondents to the GCB believe that corruption has decreased in the past year, and 51% believe the government is doing a good job countering corruption (Transparency International 2019b). Similarly, 53% of Burkinabé respondents of the 2017 Afrobarometer survey believe corruption to be decreasing (Afrobarometer 2017). A REN-LAC 2017 survey found that 36.6% of respondents believed corruption to be decreasing (REN-LAC 2017). Burkina Faso has been party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) since 2006 and to the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption since 2005. In 2010, Burkina Faso also ratified the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance. As a member of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), Burkina Faso has adopted the 2001 ECOWAS Protocol on Democracy and Good Governance (Kabia 2017) as well as the 2001 ECOWAS Protocol on the Fight against Corruption. The country also ratified the OECD Convention to Combat Bribery in 2006. Burkina Faso has been a member of EITI since 2013 and the Open Government Partnership since 2017. Domestic legal framework Criminalisation of corruption Corruption, embezzlement, abuse of office, illicit enrichment, extortion and influence-peddling in the public sector and facilitation payments are criminalised under the penal code. In Burkina Faso, active and passive bribery is punishable with a fine and up to five years per corruption offence (OECD/African Development Bank 2012). Public employees are also mandated to denounce corruption if they experience or become aware of a corrupt act (Global Integrity 2018). Any public servants receiving a payment, gift or donation in return for performing a service, even if the service is due, is punished by two to five years imprisonments and fined twice the value received (Global Integrity 2018). Law N° 026-2006/AN prohibits and creates mechanisms to create and control money laundering. Decree N° 2017-0049/PRES/PM/MINEFID also established that companies involved in bid-rigging or bribery of procurement officials would be barred for up to five years from participating in public procurement contracts. Law N° 04-2015 / CNT, otherwise known as the anti-corruption law, was an important product of the transitional government’s bid to appease popular support for anti-corruption reform. The law, based on model legislation promoted by the African Union, created a plethora of new economic and corruption crimes, established an asset declaration system, formally incorporated civil society actors to anti-corruption policy formulation, established harsher punishments for existing crimes and established a framework for international cooperation on corruption investigations. In its review of the law, the UNODC considered the legislation to be monumental in relation to previous corruption legislation in the country (UNODC 2018b). Political party and campaign financing There is currently a national system which finances electoral campaigns with public funds, specifically to parties who garnered at least 3% of the vote in a previous election (Trans-Saharan Elections Project 2012). The National political financing law, Law N° 008-2009/AN, does not obligate political parties to publish their political or campaign expenditures. Parties are required to justify expenditures from publicly ceded funds to the public accounts court (PAC), yet these reports are not published by the PAC. Failure to report expenditures to the PAC is penalised by Law N° 004-2015/CNT. There is no requirement for political parties to publish private sources of funding or their amounts. There are no limits or restrictions to private sources of funding, nor are there limits to anonymous or foreign donations (Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2018) Similarly, there are no spending limits related to political or campaign spending. Vote buying is illegal under the current penal code (Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2018). Access to public information Law N° 051-2015/CNT establishes the right to access public information produced by government agencies at no cost to the person requesting the information. Nevertheless, observers note that public information requests are rarely replied to, and if they are responded to, the information given is either incomplete or erroneous (Global Integrity 2018). As of 2018, the government recognised that access to information was still not fully operational, and committed to a plan to undertake major reforms as part of its 2017-2019 (Open Government Partnership 2019). Burkina Faso has also implemented an open data portal called the Burkina Faso Open Data Initiative (BODI), which aims to provide governance data to civil society, academics and citizens in general. While the initiative has been well received by international observers for its use of open formats and its high degree of accessibility (Bello et al. 2006), critics note that only a limited amount of government institutions currently provide and update datasets, and some of those that do only provide limited not-actionable information (Stoneman 2015). Due to these critiques posed through the Open Government Partnership, the government has partnered with civil society organisations and private data mining organisations to develop new datasets (Iglesias 2019). Conflicts of interest and asset declaration Article 13 of Law N° 04-2015/CNT establishes the mandatory submission of asset declarations for cabinet members though directors within the executive branch, legislators and members of the judiciary to be published in the Burkinabé government official bulletin. These asset declarations must be presented annually and within 30 days of assuming and leaving office. The ASCE-LC is responsible for the reception, control and publishing of these asset declarations (Global Integrity 2018). While regional authorities must also present asset declarations, local authorities and councillors are left out of the current regime. (Global Integrity 2018). Conflicts of interest are addressed in Law N° 039-2016/AN and in Article 6 and 7 of Law N° 04-2015. Between them, the laws define conflicts of interest and specify that public servants cannot participate in state affairs where they have a direct conflict of interest, and may suffer sanctions if they should be discovered. In any case, conflicts should be declared should the situation arise (UNODC 2018b). Despite these stipulations, Burkinabé law does not establish the procedures to declare conflicts of interest, does not consider indirect conflicts of interest which may be known to the civil servant, and does not specify whether conflict of interest declarations should be made public (UNODC 2018b). Finally, Burkina Faso does not have any restrictions on lobbyists or special interest group representatives from becoming public officials, nor does it restrict public employees from joining lobby firms or interest groups following their time in the public service (Global Integrity 2018). Whistleblowing protection in Burkina Faso is limited to Law N° 04-2015/CNT, which establishes basic protections from retaliation or punishment for experts or public officials who denounce corruption. The law also establishes fines for public officials who undertake retribution against whistleblowers and establishes a system of reparations for those whistleblowers who have suffered such retaliation (Global Integrity 2018). The Ministry of Public Functions, Employment and Social Protection has recently launched a channel for users of public services, as well as government workers to present complaints to competent authorities that can investigate the matter (Open Government Partnership 2019). A 2004 decree on police conduct entrenched citizens’ right to denounce police abuse, including corruption, and established a protocol for such denunciations (Transparency International and Damiba 2006). As of 2016, the national human rights commission assumed the responsibility of receiving allegations of abuse of human rights from citizens and members of the police (Global Integrity 2018). Burkina Faso has several institutions responsible for investigating corruption and providing oversight for government institutions and processes. Autorité Supérieure de Contrôle d’Etat et de Lutte contre la Corruption (ASCE-LC) The Autorité Supérieure de Contrôle d’Etat et de Lutte contre la Corruption (Higher Authority for State Control and the Fight Against Corruption, ASCE-LC) established by law N° 04-2015/CNT as the national anti-corruption body of the country. The ASCE-LC is the successor to the Autorité Supérieure de Contrôle d’Etat, and has since integrated the High Commission for the Coordination of Anti-Corruption Activities, the State Inspector General, and the National Commission for the Fight against Fraud. The ASCE-LC is charged with, “prevention and fight against corruption and related offences to promote integrity and probity in the public, private and civil society sectors; control of public services to ensure compliance with laws and regulations as well as the optimisation of the performance of these services; and the coordination and supervision of the administrative bodies for the control and fight against corruption and related offences” (Ibriga 2018). The ASCE-LC is also responsible for receiving and controlling presentations of asset declarations by public officials (Global Integrity 2018). The ASCE-LC experienced a significant strengthening with the passing of Organic Law N° 082-2015 /CNT. The law transferred the ASCE-LC from the office of the prime minister, and granted it autonomous constitutional status within the office of the presidency. An orientation council was established, comprising of three representatives from the public sector (from all three branches of government), the public sector (from chambers of commerce, the order of chartered accountants and the bar association) and civil society and media organisations. This orientation council provides guidance to the ASCE-LC as well as manages the process for vetting and selecting the comptroller general who runs the institution for a five year mandate after a formal appointment by the president. Furthermore, Organic Law 082-2015/CNT also establishes that the budget cannot be less than 0.1% of the national budget, grants immunity to controller generals during their mandate, and allows the ASCE-LC to hire experts without going through other state hierarchies. In 2015, the ASCE-LC opened itself to peer review by representatives of the UNODC and other West African anti-corruption agencies to adjudicate its operations relative to the Jakarta Principles of anti-corruption agencies (Ibriga 2018). Currently, the ASCE-LC operates with a permanent staff of 27 and a budget of US$2.5 million. The ASCE-LC has seen considerable improvement in its performance since 2015: in 2014, 10 investigations were brought forward to the judiciary, while 2017, more than 70 investigations were presented to the judiciary (Ibriga 2018). Nevertheless, it takes an average of 10 months from the time the ASCE-LC receives a complaint to the moment that complaint is processed (Global Integrity 2018). In addition, a large number of corruption cases referred to the prosecutors are still pending years later, and ASCE-LC recommendations are often not followed by action (World Bank 2018b). To ameliorate the situation, in 2017 the government has launched a process to install special judicial units to deal with economic and financial crime, with the objective of speeding up casework (Jeune Afrique 2017). The ASCE-LC is also reportedly constrained by the fact that the government has not yet adopted the implementing decrees that would allow the body to operate freely, meaning that in practice it is very difficult to recruit addition staff to verify asset declarations or investigate corruption cases (LibreInfo 2019). Public accounts court (Cour des comptes) Established in 2002, the public accounts court is responsible for auditing the government’s accounts and complements the functions of the ASCE-LC. It has historically been a major player in anti-corruption politics in the country. Despite its trajectory, recommendations posed by the PAC are seldom incorporated and PAC reports are often not released to the public (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018; Global Integrity 2018). National Independent Electoral Commission (CENI) Created in 1998, CENI is composed of 15 members, including representatives from civil society organisations and major political parties (Santiso and Loada 2003). As of 2000, it is monitored and controlled by the constitutional council, a body of the supreme court. Both the CENI and the constitutional council were criticised in 2015 for failing to intervene after the transitional government amended the electoral code to exclude legislators who had supported Compaoré’s latest constitutional reform from running for the 2015 elections (Hagberg et al. 2017), a policy which in part led to the 2015 coup attempt. Authority for the Regulation of Public Procurement (Autorité de régulation de la commande publique, ARCOP) The ARCOP was created in 2014 by Decree N° 2014-554/PRES/PM, replacing the Authority for the Regulation of Public Procurement (Autorité de Regulation des Marchés Publics, ARMP) and the Inspection General d’État which preceded it. The ARCOP is a permanent secretariat under the authority of the prime minister’s office and is charged with controlling and directing public procurement and civil service hiring. While executive functions of the ARCOP fall under the jurisdiction of a secretary with a mandate of four years, it also operates under the directives of two tripartite councils composed of civil society, public sector and private sector representatives. Unlike its predecessors, the ARCOP has considerable powers to investigate and sanction corruption, as well as the ability to conduct audits of all areas of the executive branch. The ARCOP has a mandate to publish its reports and, importantly, can conduct surprise audits on all ministries. In May 2018, the ARCOP undertook a comprehensive risk analysis of all government bodies’ accounts and activities, and developed an action plan in order to address these risks systematically (ARCOP 2019). The results of the action plan, however, will not known until 2020 when the 2019 report is published. In its most recent 2018 report, the ARCOP made several observations regarding the decreasing amount of contracts awarded via public bidding and noted the barring of 20 companies from participating in procurement processes due to acts of corruption of fraud. (Nabole 2019) Ministry of Justice, Human Rights and Civic Promotion (Ministère de la justice, des droits humains et de la promotion civique, MJDHPC) The MJDHPC is charged with assisting the judicial sector with its investigations related to corruption in the executive branch, as well as supporting general judicial actions. It has recently established new specialised judicial centres to deal with economic and financial crimes. As part of a partnership with Transparency International, REN-LAC and the World Bank, as well as with peer-revision by other West African governments, the ministry has established two centres for the judicial branch to properly investigate economic crimes (Open Government Partnership 2019). Ombudsperson (Médiateur du Faso) The national ombudsperson was created in 1994, basing itself on the model of the French ombudsperson. Its primary responsibility is providing legal protection to citizens against all incorrect use of public power or public sector inaction (Le Médiateur du Faso 2019). Recently, based on developments of national anti-corruption and access to information legislation, the office of the ombudsperson has incorporated whistleblower protection and access to public information into the current agenda, though no notable case has yet to be brought up by the ombudsperson. One issue that complicates the oversight role that media, civil society and citizens should exercise is the lack of reliable public sources of information about government activity, the performance of public administration and corruption. Most official websites are not updated and several ministries provide no information about their activities. Article 2 of the constitution and the 1993 information code guarantee freedoms of expression, information, and the press (Asante 2015). According to Reporters Without Border's 2019 World Press Freedom Index, Burkina Faso is ranked 36 out of 180 countries, with a score of 24.53, making Burkina Faso the 5th highest ranked African country and “Africa’s success story”, according to the organisation. (Reporters Without Borders 2019). It scores 3 out of a possible 4 , placing it among the highest scoring countries in sub-Saharan Africa (Repucci 2019). Burkina Faso’s darkest moment for freedom of the press came in 1998 when Norberto Zongo, an investigative journalist focusing on government corruption was assassinated by a presidential guard. Zongo’s murder sparked riots and led to significant changes in the country’s attitude towards freedom of the press, though harassment still continues to be an issue for journalists (Asante 2015). In the following years, media organisations took a more active role in sharing information with official anti-corruption bodies (Asante 2015). Burkinabé journalists also spearheaded the establishment of the Norbert Zongo Cell for Investigative Journalism in West Africa (CENOZO), a network aimed to both protect West African journalists reporting on corruption, as well as to assist each other in corruption investigations (UNODC 2015). The High Council for Communication (CSC) is responsible for controlling press standards and applying censorship and uses various mechanisms, including legal action, to sanction journalists. In 2014, journalist Konaté went to the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights after being harshly penalised for publishing content that portrayed the government negatively. The court ruled in favour of the defendant and set an important precedent for press freedom in the country (Shelton 2015). The ruling at African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, which came on the heels of the 2014 uprising, resulted in 2018 in defamation of the government being decriminalised in the country(Reporters Without Borders 2019). Freedom of assembly and association are protected by the constitution and, since the 2014 popular uprising, the legislative and executive branches of government have initiated various mechanisms to consult civil society organisations. Civil society has been at the forefront of the debate on corruption since the late 90s when several organisations formed to address the issue, and likewise played an important role in mobilising people around the 2014 uprising and the 2015 protests against the attempted coup (Hagberg 2015). The Réseau National de Lutte Anti-Corruption (REN-LAC), formed in 1997, associating civil society groups, press, academics, diplomatic services as well as representatives of legal bodies and ministries (Luning 2010). REN-LAC has been instrumental in shaping public perception of corruption and providing policy solutions to the national government. Critics, however, point to the historic participation of representatives of national ministries as a hindrance to comprehensive responses to denounce corruption (Luning 2010). REN-LAC offers an anti-corruption hotline to denounce corruption, though there is little information regarding actions taken from these complaints or statistics about cases handled (REN-LAC 2019b) Since Sankara’s rule, trade unions have maintained anti-corruption as a core value and have recurrently joined anti-corruption protests (Bonnecase 2015). Trade unions have maintained an active role in national human rights coalitions and, notably, in 2008, made up a large part of the Coalition nationale de lutte contre la vie chère, la corruption, la fraude, l’impunité et pour les libertés (Coalition against the High Cost of Living, Corruption, Fraud, Impunity and for Freedoms), in the course of intense protests against high food and fuel prices (Bertelsmann Stiftung 2018; Engels 2015). Many civil society organisations were born from the 2014 uprising to channel popular anger towards constructive institutional development. Balais Citoyén is a relatively new organisation born out of the 2014 uprising which aims to engage disaffected Burkinabé youth in national policy debates (Bonnecase 2015). The group, started by local musicians and journalists, has been key in engaging youth in participatory mechanisms promoted by the government (Frère and Englebert 2015). Other groups Citoyén africain pour la Renaissance, and Front de Resistance Citoyenne also formed around disaffected community groups, such retirees, youth and women (Hagberg 2015).

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As outlined by the United Nations (UN), the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a universal call to action, urging nations across the globe to join forces in tackling crucial issues such as poverty eradication, environmental conservation, climate change mitigation, and the promotion of peace and prosperity. These goals were collectively established through consensus among all UN member states in September 2015, resulting in a cohesive global framework consisting of 17 interrelated objectives, accompanied by 169 specific targets. This framework guides development priorities until 2030, setting a clear roadmap for progress. The primary aim of the SDGs is to eliminate extreme poverty, ensuring that every individual has access to basic necessities and a dignified quality of life. They strive to foster economic growth and prosperity in a sustainable manner, creating opportunities for equitable development and well-being for all people. The goals also emphasize the urgent need for environmental protection and sustainable management of natural resources, recognizing the critical role of ecological balance in safeguarding our planet’s future. Additionally, the SDGs highlight the importance of effective governance, peace, and security as fundamental pillars for achieving sustainable development. In essence, the SGDs present a comprehensive and shared agenda that transcends geographical boundaries and encompasses diverse sectors of society. They serve as a guiding compass for addressing pressing global challenges and inspire positive change on both local and international scales. By embracing these goals, nations, organizations, and individuals collectively contribute to building a more inclusive, prosperous, and sustainable future for generations to come.

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*NOTE* Photographs available on request DUBLIN 23 September 2016 – It was back to school for Minister for Education and Skills, Richard Bruton TD earlier today. He was teaching the World’s Largest Lesson to a group of secondary school students in North Dublin on behalf of UNICEF Ireland, and in support of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs (also known as Global Goals)). UNICEF and its partners launched the World’s Largest Lesson initiative this week, to teach Irish students about the Sustainable Development Goals that were adopted by the UN General Assembly in September 2015. The global initiative, now in its second year, will take place in classrooms across Ireland giving schoolchildren the chance to invent, innovate and campaign for the Goals they care about, helping the world achieve the SDGs, and inspiring young people to get involved at community level. Using the World’s Largest Lesson’s creative and educational resources, specifically tailored for learners ages 4-14, in English and Irish, schoolgirls and schoolboys will have a unique opportunity to learn about the Global Goals, how to be global citizens and how to take positive action in their community. Schoolchildren in Ireland are joining millions of girls and boys across more than 100 countries who will also be taking part in the World’s Largest Lesson and learning about key targets the Goals have set, such as promoting gender equality, ending extreme poverty for all people everywhere, to tackling climate change, and giving all children the opportunity to gain a quality primary and secondary education. “The World’s Largest Lesson teaches children about the Global Goals and engages them in the effort to achieve them – educating them about the challenges that are shaping their futures and encouraging them to drive change in their own communities,” said UNICEF Ireland Executive Director Peter Power. “Young people can help achieve the Global Goals by holding their leaders accountable for the promises they are making – and by holding themselves accountable for building a better future for everyone. We are honoured that Minister Bruton would lend his support, and the support of government, to the worldwide programme.” The World’s Largest Lesson provides a unique opportunity to foster global citizenship in schools across the world. It supports student learning across a range of subject areas such as science, geography, citizenship and technology, and helps teachers explore important global issues such as human rights, poverty and climate change. Minister for Education and Skills, Richard Bruton TD, said he was delighted to support such an innovative learning programme: “I am delighted to be in Grange Community College in Donaghmeade today to launch the World’s Largest Lesson, together with UNICEF Ireland. This is a great initiative which teaches students all about the Sustainable Development Goals, which have been adopted by the UN. Thousands of students across Ireland will learn about what it means to be a global citizen and how to take action in their own local communities. I wish UNICEF Ireland Executive Director Peter Power and the team in UNICEF all the best as they roll out this great educational resource to schools across the country.” This year’s lesson materials, which focus on Sustainable Development Goal 5: gender equality and empowerment of women and girls, include a teacher’s guide, and a new animation video by world-renowned education advisor Sir Ken Robinson, and introduced by the World’s Largest Lesson champion Emma Watson. As a founding partner of the World’s Largest Lesson, UNICEF leveraged its global presence and networks, to play a critical role helping to bring SDGs’ messages in 25 languages to more than 500 million girls and boys in over 160 countries during the initiative’s pilot launch last year. The World’s Largest Lesson is asking educators everywhere to share the #GlobalGoals for Sustainable Development with their students, and inspire a generation committed to making the Goals a reality by 2030. UNICEF promotes the rights and well-being of every child, in everything we do. Together with our partners, we work in 190 countries and territories to translate that commitment into practical action, focusing special effort on reaching the most vulnerable and excluded children, to the benefit of all children, everywhere. UNICEF has been operating for 70 years. To learn about UNICEF and its work for children visit https://www.unicef.ie/ Visit our website for more information about the World’s Largest Lesson For more information, please contact: Aedín Donnelly, Communications and Media Manager for UNICEF Ireland | firstname.lastname@example.org | Tel: +353 1 809 0281 | Mob: +353 85 1395272 Department of Education and Skills | email@example.com |Tel: 01-8892322

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See Understanding Techniques for WCAG Success Criteria for important information about the usage of these informative techniques and how they relate to the normative WCAG 2.0 success criteria. The Applicability section explains the scope of the technique, and the presence of techniques for a specific technology does not imply that the technology can be used in all situations to create content that meets WCAG 2.0. HTML and XHTML This technique relates to: The objective of this technique is to describe how the link provide metadata about the position of an HTML page within a set of Web pages or can assist in locating content with a set of Web pages. The value of the rel attributes indicates what type of relation is being described, and the href attribute provides a link to the document having that relation. Multiple elements can provide multiple relationships. Several values of Start: Refers to the first document in a collection of documents. Next: Refers to the next document in a linear sequence of documents. Prev: Refers to the previous document in an ordered series of documents. Contents: Refers to a document serving as a table of contents. Index: Refers to a document providing an index for the current document. A Web page for Chapter 2 of an on-line book might contain the following links within the head <link rel="Contents" href="Contents.html" title="Table of Contents" /> <link rel="Index" href="Index.html" title="Index" /> <link rel="Prev" href="Chapter01.html" title="01. Why Volunteer?" /> <link rel="Next" href="Chapter03.html" title="03. Who Volunteers?" /> Resources are for information purposes only, no endorsement implied. For a Web page that is within a sequence or collection of Web pages: Check that all link elements pertaining to navigation occur in the section of the document. For each link element in the head section of the document which pertains to navigation, check that it contains at least: attribute identifying the link type a valid href attribute to locate the appropriate resource All of the checks above are true. If this is a sufficient technique for a success criterion, failing this test procedure does not necessarily mean that the success criterion has not been satisfied in some other way, only that this technique has not been successfully implemented and can not be used to claim conformance.

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Using photos, excerpts from written material and a postcard that he owns of Gen. William Shafter's birthplace, Shafter Depot Museum curator Stan Wilson brought the city's namesake to life at the Shafter Learning Center The center began a history series last Thursday night with Wilson's lecture on the life and times on Gen. Shafter. "Shafter was a school teacher when he joined the 7th Michigan Volunteers during the Civil War. He was given the rank of lieutenant, and as an officer so distinguished himself that he was promoted to the rank of Major General of Volunteers by the end of the war." Wilson went on to say that one of Shafter's assignments was to recruit and train Black troops, who he molded into a fine infantry force. After the war, he was mustered out of the Army, but he applied to remain and was accepted. He was granted the rank of lieutenant colonel and given command of the Black infantry, with the assignment to patrol West Texas along the Rio Grande to protect American settlements from attacks from bandits and Indians. He led a relentless march across the Llano Estacado to the Pecos River, thus earning him the nickname "Pecos Bill." During his long military career he also served as head of Army recruitment and on a Weapons Procurement Board in South Dakota and in Arizona, and was eventually given command of the Department of California, based in San Francisco, by which time he had been promoted to major general. He was selected to lead a "grossly unprepared" army against Spain in the Spanish American War in 1898. Yet within a month, recruits were trained and supplies were loaded on ships for Cuba. When they arrived, they were met by a lot of rain, impassable roads, disease and poor logistics. Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders were under his command when they took San Juan Hill. That was the major skirmish of the war. Shafter proceeded with negotiations with the Spanish and demanded surrender. He outfoxed them, and they surrendered. It was a major feat, as the Spanish army outnumbered Shafter's men 24,000 to 17,000. Shafter became an instant hero in America. The short war saved many lives on both sides. After his return he was a much-sought speaker for many celebration events, and his picture appeared in media and advertising. And so, in 1898, when the SF&SJ Valley Railroad was completed to Bakersfield, Henry Jastro of the Kern County Land Co. suggested his name be used for the station north of Bakersfield. Shafter was a very colorful character, and his personality was not unlike the parts that John Wayne played in many of his westerns. Wilson will be presenting a different lecture each month at the Shafter Learning Center. The next lecture will be March 10, "A Review of Shafter History Through the Centennial Playing Card Deck." On April 14, the presentation will be "The German Prisoner of War Camp in Shafter during WWII," with "Shafter, the Potato Capital of the World," following on May 12. All lectures will begin at 6:30 p.m.

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Atopic Dermatitis in Cats What is atopic dermatitis? Atopic dermatitis (atopy) is a common cause of skin problems in cats. When a cat with allergies encounters an environmental protein to which it is allergic, it sets off a reaction leading to skin problems. While the incidence of atopy is hard to define due to challenges in diagnosis, approximately 10-15% of cats treated by veterinary dermatologists are diagnosed with atopy. What causes atopy? Cats with atopy are often allergic to the same allergens that tend to affect humans: tree pollens, grass pollens, weeds, molds, and dust mites. While these allergens cause watery eyes and a runny nose in humans, cats respond differently and often develop skin inflammation in response to these allergens. Although there are certain breeds of dogs that are predisposed to atopy, there are no known breed predispositions in cats. Atopy can develop at any age; the onset of new cases of atopy has been reported in cats as young as six months and as old as 14 years. What are the signs of atopy? Affected cats often have a history of chronic or recurrent itching, which may be seasonal or non-seasonal. Cats with atopy also tend to have a history of recurring skin and/or ear infections. In many cases, affected cats are so itchy that they create significant trauma to their skin. Affected cats may have severe scratches or abrasions, large areas of fur that have been licked away or pulled out in clumps, and color changes to the skin due to chronic licking and inflammation. How is atopy diagnosed? Your veterinarian will begin with a thorough physical examination of your cat. Your veterinarian will also take a complete patient history, asking you a variety of questions about your cat’s skin disease to better characterize the condition. From the physical exam and history, your veterinarian may begin to suspect atopy as the cause of your cat’s skin disease. Unfortunately, there is no definitive test for atopy. It is a diagnosis of exclusion, meaning that your veterinarian will rule out other, similar skin conditions to arrive at a diagnosis. The signs of atopy are identical to many other skin diseases. Your veterinarian will likely perform tests to rule out skin parasites (e.g., fleas, mites, lice), bacterial skin infections, and ringworm. Biopsies may be performed to rule out autoimmune skin disease and other conditions. Your veterinarian may also recommend a food trial to rule out food allergy as a source of your cat’s skin issues. Ruling out other skin conditions is essential to arrive at a diagnosis of atopy. Your veterinarian will also likely perform tests to assess your cat’s overall health. These tests will help rule out underlying medical conditions and determine whether your cat can be safely treated with medications. Laboratory tests will likely include a complete blood cell count (CBC), serum biochemical profile, and urinalysis. There are certain tests, however, that can help guide the management of atopic dermatitis: - Intradermal allergy testing. This test involves injecting very small amounts of many different allergens into your cat’s skin and monitoring your cat’s immune response to these substances. This test can help determine which allergens your cat reacts to most strongly, which can help guide treatment. - Serologic allergy testing. Like intradermal testing, serologic allergy testing aims to determine which allergens are triggering your cat’s allergies. This test is performed on your cat’s blood. Serologic testing is generally considered less reliable than intradermal testing; however, it is often less expensive and does not require sedation, making it a viable option in some cases. How is atopy treated? There is no single best treatment for the management of atopy in cats. Allergies are managed, not cured, and therefore the optimal method of management varies depending on the individual patient and owner. For cats with chronic skin inflammation from atopy, several management options exist. Some cats can be managed on daily low doses of immunosuppressive drugs, such as prednisolone or cyclosporine (Atopica®), although these medications may have side effects. Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids may also be helpful in some cats. Antihistamines are also tried sometimes, although they appear to be relatively ineffective for cats that are already suffering from itchiness. Atopic cats may also benefit from allergen-specific immunotherapy, or allergy shots, which involves giving the cats injections or oral drops of very small amounts of substances they are allergic to (as determined by intradermal or serologic allergy testing) to build up their immune tolerance. This process takes time to help patients, with benefits often not apparent until three to twelve months (or more) of treatment. The statistics for improvement with allergen-specific immunotherapy show it is effective in approximately 60% of cats. Depending on the allergen, there may also be environmental measures that can be taken to decrease exposure. For example, a cat who is allergic to dust mites may benefit from changes in household cleaning practices. Cats allergic to food storage mites should be changed from a dry diet to a canned grain-free hypoallergenic diet, which will not contain these mites. In many cats, their skin issues only flare up periodically. This is often the case in cats who are only allergic to a small number of allergens, resulting in a brief 'allergy season'. In these cases, a short course of oral prednisolone or even a steroid injection may fully resolve their skin problems and keep them comfortable until the next allergy flare-up. Many owners appreciate the convenience of steroid injections; however, it is important to note that long-acting steroid injections (Depo-Medrol®), especially repeated injections, can have side effects, including the development of heart failure and diabetes. If your cat has a secondary skin or ear infection caused by allergies, this will also require treatment. Skin infections are often treated with oral or injectable antibiotics. Ear infections will likely be treated with drops applied to the ears. What is the prognosis for atopy? Unfortunately, the signs of atopy tend to worsen with age. Once your cat has been diagnosed with atopy, it is safe to assume that your cat will require lifelong treatment to manage her atopy and resulting secondary infections. Fortunately, there are a variety of medical treatments available for atopy, with new drugs constantly being developed. Therefore, it is typically possible for atopic cats to have a good quality of life with ongoing care.

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Hungary Information - Page 1 Geography The Republic of Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. The capital is Budapest. Other important cities include Debrecen, Gyor, Miskolc, Pecs, and Szeged. Hungary's terrain is mostly flat with some hills and low mountains. The main rivers are the Danube and Tisza. The climate is temperate with warm summers and cold winters. Environment A significant percentage of Hungary is covered with forests and woodlands. Trees include ash, beech, oak and fir. A variety of protected wildflowers can be found among the country's indigenous plants. Examples are the yellow wood violet and lady's slipper orchid. Cave systems in Hungary include the Aggtelek Karst, on UNESCO's World Heritage List, and the Baradla Cave System. The Baradla Caves and related wetlands are listed in the Ramsar Wetlands of International Importance. Lake Balaton, Hungary's largest lake, is also on the Ramsar's Convention of Wetlands List. Other National Parks are Hortobagy National Park, on the World Heritage List, Bukk National Park, the Danube-Drava National Park, Kiskunsag National Park and Ferto-Hansag National Park. Wildlife includes the Mangalica pig, Lipica horses, cattle, wolves and various types of sheep. Hungary is an important staging point on the flight path of migratory birds. Architecture Hungary has many castles, palaces, manor houses and monuments. The following are of particular note and are on the UNESCO World Heritage List: the Banks of the Daube and the Buda Castle Quarter, the Millenary Benedictine Monastery of Pannonhalma, the Early Christian Necropolis of Pecs (Sopianae), and Holloko, a traditional Hungarian village. Imre Makovecz is Hungary's most famous twentieth century architect. Makovecz, a household name in Hungary, gained international recognition in 1992 with the pavilion for the Seville Expo. Population The population of Hungary was estimated at 9.75 million in 2020. Languages Hungarian is the official language. Religion Over half of the people are Roman Catholic; other religions are Calvinist and Lutheran. Food Traditional Hungarian cuisine includes soups, sausages, smoked meat and pickles. Well known Hungarian meals are Hungarian goulash, chicken paprika and stuffed cabbage. Main meals consist of meat - chicken, goose, pork, beef, veal - or freshwater fish, with vegetables such as beets, cabbage, cucumbers, onions, potatoes and peppers. Hungarian dumplings and noodles are also popular. Important ingredients in Hungarian recipes are paprika, garlic and sour cream. Cakes, strudels, fruit soups, and pastas with curd cheese and sour cream are popular desserts. Fruits and nuts grown are apples, apricots, cherries, peaches, almonds and hazelnuts. Traditional alcoholic drinks produced in Hungary are red and white wine, beer, apricot brandy and various fruit schnapps. Non alcoholic drinks include fruit juices, cola and coffee. Next Page | Facts | Gallery

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Products related to Piston: Similar search terms for Piston: What is piston seizure? Piston seizure is a condition that occurs when the piston in an engine becomes stuck or frozen within the cylinder. This can happen due to overheating, lack of lubrication, or poor quality fuel. When piston seizure occurs, it can cause serious damage to the engine and may require extensive repairs or even a full engine replacement. It is important to address the underlying cause of piston seizure to prevent further damage to the engine. How to calculate the piston area and piston diameter in a pneumatic cylinder? To calculate the piston area in a pneumatic cylinder, you can use the formula: Area = π * (Diameter/2)^2, where Diameter is the diameter of the piston. To find the piston diameter, you can rearrange the formula to solve for Diameter: Diameter = 2 * √(Area/π). By knowing the piston area and applying these formulas, you can easily calculate the piston diameter in a pneumatic cylinder. Is the piston still working? Without more context or information, it is impossible to determine if the piston is still working. The functionality of a piston can depend on various factors such as maintenance, wear and tear, and external conditions. It would be necessary to inspect the piston and its surrounding components to determine if it is still working properly. What is a pneumatic piston? A pneumatic piston is a device that uses compressed air to create mechanical motion. It consists of a cylinder, a piston, and a valve system. When compressed air is introduced into the cylinder, it pushes the piston, creating linear motion. Pneumatic pistons are commonly used in various industrial applications such as manufacturing, automation, and transportation. What probably happened, piston seizure? Piston seizure likely occurred due to a lack of proper lubrication or cooling within the engine. This can cause the piston to become stuck within the cylinder, leading to overheating and potential damage to the piston and cylinder walls. It is important to regularly maintain and monitor the oil and cooling systems in order to prevent piston seizure from occurring. Can't the piston be used? Yes, the piston can be used in various mechanical systems such as engines, pumps, and compressors. It plays a crucial role in converting pressure into mechanical energy by moving back and forth within a cylinder. The piston's design and material composition are optimized for specific applications to ensure efficient operation and longevity. Overall, the piston is a versatile component that is widely utilized in many different industries. What is a piston seizure? A piston seizure occurs when the piston in an engine becomes stuck or frozen within the cylinder. This can happen due to overheating, lack of lubrication, or a foreign object getting lodged in the cylinder. When a piston seizes, it can cause significant damage to the engine and may require a complete rebuild or replacement of the affected components. It is important to address the underlying cause of the seizure to prevent future damage to the engine. Is this a piston seizure? Without more information or context, it is difficult to definitively determine if this is a piston seizure. Piston seizures can occur due to a variety of reasons such as overheating, lack of lubrication, or poor fuel quality. Symptoms of a piston seizure may include loss of power, engine stalling, or unusual noises. It is recommended to have a professional mechanic inspect the engine to accurately diagnose the issue. What is a starter piston? A starter piston is a component of a small engine, such as those found in lawnmowers, chainsaws, or other power equipment. It is part of the engine's starting system and is responsible for initiating the combustion process by compressing the air-fuel mixture within the engine cylinder. When the starter piston is engaged, it creates the necessary pressure to ignite the fuel and begin the engine's operation. This process is essential for starting the engine and getting it running smoothly. Was the piston delivered incorrectly? Yes, the piston was delivered incorrectly. The customer ordered a piston for a specific model of car, but received a piston for a different model. This mistake caused inconvenience and frustration for the customer, as they now have to go through the process of returning the incorrect part and waiting for the correct one to be delivered. What is a piston filler? A piston filler is a type of fountain pen filling mechanism that uses a piston to draw ink into the pen's reservoir. The piston is operated by twisting a knob or turning a mechanism on the pen, which moves the piston up and down inside the barrel of the pen. As the piston moves down, it creates a vacuum that draws ink into the pen, and as it moves up, it expels any air from the reservoir. This type of filling system allows for a large ink capacity and is often preferred by fountain pen enthusiasts for its ease of use and efficiency. How do you calculate the piston area and piston diameter in a pneumatic cylinder? To calculate the piston area in a pneumatic cylinder, you can use the formula A = πr^2, where A is the area and r is the radius of the piston. The radius can be calculated by dividing the piston diameter by 2. To find the piston diameter, you can use the formula D = 2r, where D is the diameter and r is the radius. By using these formulas, you can easily calculate the piston area and diameter in a pneumatic cylinder. * All prices are inclusive of VAT and, if applicable, plus shipping costs. The offer information is based on the details provided by the respective shop and is updated through automated processes. Real-time updates do not occur, so deviations can occur in individual cases.

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The Sharp-tailed Grouse is a large grouse with a sharply pointed tail, held straight up when displaying. It is brown with white and dark spots, arranged in cryptic patterns. The bird has light-colored undersides and a slight crest on its head. Yellowish eyebrows and pinkish-purple air sacs at the sides of its neck are visible on the male when he displays. Sharp-tailed Grouse live in grassy areas with patches of trees in the northern Columbia Basin. Their primary habitat is the grass and shrub savanna in the three-tip sage and central arid steppe zones. They are also found in grassy openings in the lowest edges of the Ponderosa pine zone. In summer they spend most of their time in more open grasslands, while in the winter they make use of trees and shrubs for cover. Males gather on a communal breeding ground, or lek, to display for females. When displaying, males point their tails up, spread their wings, hold their heads low, and stamp their feet. While doing this, they inflate and deflate the air sacs in their breasts, creating a booming sound. In the spring, Sharp-tailed Grouse forage mostly for leaves, green shoots, and flowers. In the summer, they forage on the ground, with blades of grass making up over 50% of their diet. Flower parts make up another 25% of the breeding-season diet. Insects, especially grasshoppers, are also an important food item at this time of year, particularly among the young. In the fall, the diet becomes more varied and is made up of seeds, berries, leaves, and waste grains. In the winter, Sharp-tailed Grouse forage in trees and shrubs for buds. The female selects a male at the lek, mates with him, and then leaves to find a nesting spot. Nests are typically a shallow depression located on the ground under a shrub or thick clump of grass, often sparsely lined with grass, leaves, or ferns. She lays an average of 12 eggs (ranging from 5-17). Shortly after hatching, the young leave the nest. The female continues to tend the young and lead them to feeding areas, although they feed themselves. There is no major migration, although they may move several miles between seasons to reach optimal habitats for summer and winter. Sharp-tailed Grouse have undergone major declines throughout North America. There are six subspecies recognized, and the Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse, the subspecies found in Washington, is now the rarest. Historically plentiful throughout the Columbia Basin, Sharp-tailed Grouse were heavily hunted until harvest levels were reduced in 1920. By this time, however, much of their grassland habitat had been converted to agriculture, and Sharp-tailed Grouse were already gone from most of their historic range in Washington. Continued conversion of shrub-steppe habitat to irrigated agriculture, increased settlement, and intensive livestock grazing on remaining patches of habitat contributed to further declines. By the 1950s, Sharp-tailed Grouse had disappeared from at least six counties where they were formerly abundant. In 1970 the population was estimated to be 7,430 birds. In 1997 it was estimated at between 700-1000 birds. There are currently eight isolated subpopulations in Washington, with the Sharp-tailed Grouse occupying a mere 20% of its former range in this state. All the subpopulations are small, and four are highly threatened, with fewer than 25 birds in each group. Two of the remaining populations are made up of fewer than 100 individuals, with two fairly stable populations on protected land. Sharp-tailed Grouse are currently listed by Washington State as "threatened" species and by the Federal Government as "species of special concern." The Conservation Reserve Program helps private landowners set aside habitat for Sharp-tailed Grouse. The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife is currently researching habitat requirements of Sharp-tailed Grouse in order to know how best to protect them in the future. When and Where to Find in Washington The Columbian subspecies historically ranged from southern British Columbia, along the eastern slope of the Cascades south to California, and east to Colorado and Utah. In Washington, they currently remain in only eight isolated populations in Douglas, Lincoln, and Okanogan Counties. The areas with the largest subpopulations are Dyer Hill in Douglas County, Swanson Lakes in Lincoln County, Tunk Valley, and Nespelem in Okanogan County. Washington Range Map North American Range Map - ChukarAlectoris chukar - Gray PartridgePerdix perdix - Ring-necked PheasantPhasianus colchicus - Ruffed GrouseBonasa umbellus - Greater Sage-GrouseCentrocercus urophasianus - Spruce GrouseFalcipennis canadensis - White-tailed PtarmiganLagopus leucura - Dusky GrouseDendragapus obscurus - Sooty GrouseDendragapus fuliginosus - Sharp-tailed GrouseTympanuchus phasianellus - Wild TurkeyMeleagris gallopavo

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Tan, L., Cai, Y., An, Z. and Ai, L. 2008. Precipitation variations of Longxi, northeast margin of Tibetan Plateau since AD 960 and their relationship with solar activity. Climate of the Past 4: 19-28. What was done The authors developed a precipitation history of the Longxi area of the Tibetan Plateau's northeast margin since AD 960 based on an analysis of Chinese historical records, after which they compared the result with the same-period Northern Hemisphere temperature record and contemporaneous atmospheric 14C and 10Be histories. What was learned Tan et al. discovered, in their words, that "high precipitation of Longxi corresponds to high temperature of the Northern Hemisphere, and low precipitation of Longxi corresponds to low temperature of the Northern Hemisphere." Consequently, their precipitation record may be used to infer a Medieval Warm Period that stretched from approximately AD 960 to 1230, with temperature peaks in the vicinity of AD 1000 and 1215 that clearly exceeded the 20th-century peak temperature of the Current Warm Period. They also found "good coherences among the precipitation variations of Longxi and variations of atmospheric 14C concentration, the averaged 10Be record and the reconstructed solar modulation record," which findings harmonize, in their words, with "numerous studies [that] show that solar activity is the main force that drives regional climate changes in the Holocene," in support of which statement they attach 22 other scientific references. What it means The researchers ultimately concluded that the "synchronous variations between Longxi precipitation and Northern Hemisphere temperature may be ascribed to solar activity, " which apparently produced a Medieval Warm Period that was both longer and stronger than what has been experienced to date during the Current Warm Period in the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau.

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A disease is an abnormal condition that affects the body of an organism. It is often construed as a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs. It may be caused by factors originally from an external source, such as infectious disease, or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions, such as autoimmune diseases. In humans, "disease" is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems, or death to the person afflicted, or similar problems for those in contact with the person. In this broader sense, it sometimes includes injuries, disabilities, disorders, syndromes, infections, isolated symptoms, deviant behaviors, and atypical variations of structure and function, while in other contexts and for other purposes these may be considered distinguishable categories. Diseases usually affect people not only physically, but also emotionally, as contracting and living with many diseases can alter one's perspective on life, and one's personality. Death due to disease is called death by natural causes. There are four main types of disease: pathogenic disease, deficiency disease, hereditary disease, and physiological disease. Diseases can also be classified as communicable and non-communicable. The deadliest disease in humans is ischemic heart disease (blood flow obstruction), followed by cerebrovascular disease and lower respiratory infections respectively. | GMT+8, 2015-9-11 22:06 , Processed in 0.132371 second(s), 16 queries .

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With its large Irish population the public in a St. Croix Valley was naturally absorbed by the events in Ireland in 1922. The War of Irish Independence which ended in 1919 had led to negotiations between Irish leaders and the British resulting in a treaty establishing the Irish Free State, a self- governing dominion of the British Empire. The six northern provinces of Ireland with largely Protestant populations were allowed to opt out of the agreement, which they did and the Irish governing body in Dublin approved the treaty for the rest of Ireland in 1921 by a narrow margin. Many in the Irish Republican Army objected to the treaty however and armed resistance broke out throughout Ireland which turned former friends and allies against one in a bitter and divisive civil war. It is said more were killed during the 1922 civil war than during the longer war of independence. The photo above shows anti-treaty Catholics fighting pro-treaty Catholics in Dublin in 1922. The war was marked by many atrocities including assassinations and executions of captured prisoners. In one notorious incident the Irish government forces executed a top IRA man Rory O’Conner, seen above, and 3 other anti-treaty activists after the assassination of a British Field Marshall and several pro-treaty governmental officials. All four had been in jail since the beginning of the civil war and had had nothing to do with the assassinations which were carried out by another rebel faction. However the divisions had become so bitter that Kevin O’Higgins, the Irish Government’s Minister of Justice, ordered O’Conner and the others shot as a reprisal. Until the Civil War O’Conner and O’Higgins had been fast friends and comrades in the struggle for independence, O’Conner even toasted O’Higgins at his wedding party. The divisions in Irish society lasted for decades after the war ended in victory for the pro-treaty forces and the problem of Northern Ireland persists to this day.The significance of many of the events in 1922 was not realized at the time but became apparent only later during the tumultuous 1930’s and 40’s. The photo above shows Joseph Stalin on the left, Lenin center and Mikhail Kalinin on the right. In 1922 Lenin retained nearly full control of the Communist Party of Russia and named Stalin to be General Secretary of the party. As the word “secretary” implies this was largely an administrative position, not one with a great deal of executive power. Unfortunately Lenin suffered a stroke soon after making the appointment and Stalin outmaneuvered his rivals to gain control of the party. In Italy Mussolini took control of the government. In Germany Hitler, his reputation enhanced with disaffected Germans by inciting Nazi comrades to beat a pro government speaker nearly to death, spoke to 50000 in Munich. For the first time Hitler’s name appeared in the press in the United States, the New York Times identifying him as a new force in German politics. The stage was being set for World War 2. Harold Carver discovered King Tut’s grave in Egypt in 1922 and James Joyce’s Ulysses was published in France as no publisher in the English speaking world would touch the book which even today is understood only by the select few who spend a lifetime pondering its convolutions. In the United States the Secretary of the Interior in Warren Harding’s administration took a sackful of money to lease Teapot Dome, the Naval Oil Reserve to a friendly oilman and the scandal eventually unraveled the Harding administration. Harding is generally considered our second worst President, only bested by James Buchanan but even without Teapot Dome Harding would have ended up in the bottom five. Albert Fall, the Secretary of Interior, may have been influence by the geological survey of 1922 which found the oil supply in the U.S. would be depleted in 20 years. In other news the Supreme Court found the 19thAmendment which gave women the right to vote to be constitutional and the Lincoln Memorial was dedicated. In sports construction began on Yankee Stadium and the Yankees played the Giants in the World Series which the Giants won 4-0-1. Indeed there was a tie game which was cancelled because of darkness when, most agreed, there was plenty of light to finish the game. Turns out the motive was probably to increase gate receipts for a series which seemed in danger of ending in four games. The other oddity of the series was that both the Yankees and Giants played their home games in the Polo Grounds so all 5 games were played there, the teams alternating as the home team. New York also made the news in 1922 by mandating that all pool halls be renamed billiard halls and a fellow named Charlie Osborne was injured when a 350 pound pig fell on him causing him to develop a case of hiccups which lasted 68 years at an average hiccup rate of 30 per minute, until June 5th, 1990. Within a few months of the hiccups stopping without explanation Charlie died. The really big news locally, other than the Canadians finally throwing in the towel and agreeing to drive on the right hand side of the road, was radio. In the photo above, which is not 1922 but a few years later, a couple of locals are doing something with a directional antennae on Union Street-Hog Alley. We’re not sure what, perhaps trying to pick up a decent blues station. The St Stephen waterfront is in the background. Radio first came to the St Croix Valley and most of the country in 1922 and it would be hard to underestimate the impact it had on all aspects of life. Reception was lousy of course and in the beginning there were few stations with enough power to reach the St Croix Valley but even in 1922 Houlton had station within range and in 1923 Bangor’s first station began broadcasting. On a good night a local could listen to music and news from Boston. Locals would have been listening to Al Jolson’s April Showers and Toot Toot Tootsie Goodbye on this miraculous new invention. A 1922 article in “The Radio Dealer” describe a station in Jersey City which boasted that in the winter of 1922 its programs were heard “at Memphis, Owensboro Kentucky, Toronto, Calais, Maine and the Cunard S.S. Caronia 450 miles outside New York harbor.” Almost immediately radio revolutionized the way we communicated with one another, entertained ourselves and marketed products. We not sure of the very early history of radio here in the valley but this 1925 float in the Baring Centennial parade seems to be promoting radio station WGI– broadcasting with 1000 watts. We’ll admit this is almost certainly a spoof.In St Stephen the new Queen Theatre opened on Water Street in September 1922. Under the headline “CROWDS THRONG TO NEW THEATRE” the Courier reported “Crowds have thronged the splendid house and delight has filled them all. The New Queen Theatre has had an auspicious opening and is well on its way to successfully catering to the amusement seeking population of the St. Croix Valley. The paper reported that crowds filled Water Street before the opening hoping to get a seat. In 1922 the Bug Death factory next to the axe factory on Dennis Stream was taken over by the Mann Axe and Tool Company. Many will remember the Axe Factory which was at the end of Prince William Street. The original Douglas Axe factory was built on this site in 1866 and was a successful business and employer in St Stephen for many decades. In 1922 the business was prospering and Bug Death had recently closed so Mann expanded into the adjacent building. All went well until the Great Depression. The factory held on until 1943 when it closed. Bug Death sounds more lethal than it really was. The business manufactured an fairly benign insecticide for use in potato fields. The company also had an experimental potato farm off Prince William Street on what is now Abbott Street. They claimed use of the product increased yields by 25%. As it is almost tourney time we’ll leave you with a photo of the 1922-23 Buicks basketball team, reputed to be the best basketball team ever taking the floor for Calais. In those days there were what we would call semipro teams and the Buickswere one best in the State. They went undefeated in the 1922-23 season, beating teams from Bangor, Belfast, Houlton, Woodstock, Orono and Ellsworth. The team included Albert Jensen, Bud Silva, Ray Foley, Philip Dresser, Burnham Stanley and Emmon Ivery. The manager was Jack Woodman who also served several terms as mayor of Calais. Albert Jensen went on to become the Chief of Police.We almost forgot – we had another championship team that year,the Milltown Grammar School.

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The Project Life Cycle This section describes the overall process of developing and executing an energy efficiency project. It is aimed at establishing the foundations for a standardised process and a common language that can be used by financial institutions, project developers and project hosts. As such it is aimed at originators, risk teams and project developers and hosts. Much of the discussion refers to larger scale energy efficiency projects but the basic process for smaller projects is essentially the same. The technical, economic and financial development of energy efficiency projects follows a similar process irrespective of the project type or size. From the developer’s perspective, a project goes through the following stages: From the financial institution’s perspective, a project goes through the following stages: The development and the financing processes interact at several points and can be iterative. - Developers and financial institutions often do not speak the same language and it is vitally important to engage and establish a common language at the beginning of, or prior to, the commencement of project development. - Developers seeking funding for projects should make contact with potential funders as early as possible, or even prior to the start of the development process. - Developers and funders should establish a clearly defined and commonly understood process with defined inputs and outputs prior to starting project development. - Financial institutions should work with developers to communicate their process, defined inputs and lending/investment criteria as early as possible in the project life cycle. - Financial institutions, and developers, need to standardise the development and evaluation process to reduce costs and decision times. - Financial institutions deploying capital into multiple installations of small projects, for example in the residential sector, must simplify and automate all stages of the project development, assessment and operations life cycle. - Financial institutions should require the use of internationally recognised standards such as those developed by the Investor Confidence Project (ICP). - Financial institutions should require the use of Measurement and Verification (M&V) protocols such as those developed by the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP). - M&V reports should be linked to loan/investment servicing as they can provide early warning on lower than expected performance which may affect viability of repayment. - Lenders and investors should utilise M&V reports to feed into risk analysis which can enable better understanding of risks and more accurate pricing. The project life cycle The full project life cycle for an energy efficiency project, along with associated activities and outputs from each stage, is shown in Figure 1. The following sections explain each stage in turn, first from the developer’s perspective and then from the perspective of a financial institution. From the developers or project host’s perspective there are three stages to a project; - Development – consisting of: - Concept design - Basic design - Detailed design - Implementation – consisting of: - Detailed implementation design - Operation – consisting of: - Measurement and Verification - Operations and M From the financial institution’s perspective, the stages are: - pre-financing – consisting of: - Decision to proceed to underwriting - Decision to finance - operations/servicing – consisting of: - Draw down These stages are described in-turn below. The project developer’s perspective Project developers undertake a technical and commercial development process that leads to a set of information that will allow the project host (where the host is investing their own capital), or a financial institution to make an investment decision. Project development can be carried out by the project host’s internal staff, external energy consultants, a specialised energy services company or a combination acting as a development team. The project development process begins with idea generation, which can be driven by an energy audit or a vendor’s proposal, and then moves through a process of refining technical and commercial data. The process outputs can include an Investment Grade Audit (IGA), which is more detailed and has more accurate costs and savings estimates than standard energy audits. The development process should always begin with base lining of energy consumption - determining the base level of energy use against which the resulting energy savings are measured. A projection of energy savings relative to the base line for the specific project or projects will then be calculated. Savings are calculated using standard engineering methodologies, usually contained within national guides from engineering bodies or in some cases in national standards, or for larger building projects calculated using a building simulation model. Simulations, if done well, can more accurately assess annual energy consumption and take into account the interactions between different energy efficiency measures. In some geographies, the use of simulation models is still rare. Smaller and simpler projects will not require a simulation model as energy savings will be calculated using standard engineering practices and codes and the cost of modelling cannot be justified - although it should be noted that the cost of simulation modelling is falling Development of proposed projects can be an iterative process. As well as the technical parts of the development process and the savings calculations the developer will also gather capital cost and operating estimates. Depending on the complexity of the projects involved the development process can be in two parts, initial analysis and detailed analysis. Initial analysis will have a wider range of error in savings and cost estimates than is required for a final decision but should be sufficient to make a decision to spend additional resources in detailed development. In the early stages of project development cost estimates can have an accuracy of +/- 10-15% but as project analysis is refined a higher degree of accuracy is required. For large projects accuracy is likely to come from obtaining firm quotes from suppliers and sub-contractors. Project development will also address the procurement approach, the financing approach, and on-going Operations and Maintenance and Measurement and Verification plans. The outputs from the development process should include: - technical description and specifications of proposed energy efficiency measures - projected energy savings - projected energy cost savings using assumed energy prices - estimates of capital cost obtained from budgeting or contractor/supplier quotations - estimates of Operations and Maintenance (O&M) cost throughout the lifetime of the project - estimates of the value of other financial benefits e.g. asset value, increased productivity etc - an approach to contracting and implementing the project - an O&M plan - a Measurement and Verification (M&V) plan. The use of internationally recognised processes such as those of the Investor Confidence Project (ICP) help to standardise the development process, reduce due diligence costs, and reduce performance risks. The ICP is an international programme to standardise the development of energy efficiency projects which can reduce performance risk, reduce due diligence costs and enable aggregation of standardised projects. The ICP’s Investor Ready Energy EfficiencyTM (IREE) certification system requires projects to be developed by accredited project developers and to be independently reviewed by independent Quality Assurance professionals. IREE is available across Europe for tertiary building and apartment block projects, and with the support of the European Commission is being further developed to cover projects in industry, street lighting and district energy. Text Box 3.1 gives more detail on the Investor Confidence Project process and additional ICP resources including the Project Development Specification, the Index of National Resources, and various Project Development templates are referenced in the Resources section of this Toolkit. One of the key issues in energy efficiency projects is that until recently there has not been a standard way of developing and documenting energy efficiency projects; even where there are national or international standards every project developer uses different methodologies. This is in contrast to energy supply investments such as oil and gas or wind power, both of which have standardised approaches. This lack of standardisation has a number of important negative effects for financial institutions looking to deploy capital into energy efficiency. These are: - increased performance risk - increased due diligence cost - challenges in aggregating projects for subsequent refinancing - challenges in building teams around ad hoc processes. This issue, along with that of varying quality standards between project developers, is being addressed by the Investor Confidence Project (ICP) which was developed by the Environmental Defense Fund in the US, and then brought to Europe with support from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 programme. ICP is now administered by Green Business Certification Inc. (GBCI), a not-for-profit that owns or operates a number of sustainability related indicators including: LEED, GRESB, WELL and EDGE. The ICP has developed a system of project certification – Investor Ready Energy EfficiencyTM (IREE) which requires projects to be developed by an accredited project developer using the ICP Protocols and to be independently assessed by a Quality Assurance professional. IREE cannot guarantee the end result of a project but it certifies that the project developer has a certain level of competency and that a certified project has been developed and documented to an internationally recognised best practice standard. In Europe, IREE is available in all EU countries (plus Switzerland) and recognises national standards that can be used to achieve IREE certification, thus allowing for local national regulations and standards. IREE is available for tertiary buildings and residential apartment blocks and is under development for industrial projects, street lighting and district energy. For more information see the ICP resources in the Resources section of this Toolkit and: http://europe.eeperformance.org For projects that are seeking external financing the output from the development process, along with information on the project host (credit rating etc.), and information on the proposed deal structure, will be shared with financial institutions to elicit offers of finance. Ideally contact should be made with potential funders early in, or prior to, the development process to ensure the requirements of funders can be incorporated into project development. Ideally from the perspective of the project host seeking funds, one or more lenders/investors would provide indicative term sheets which will become firm commitments upon completion of satisfactory due diligence, and the project host then signs an agreement with one of them to finance the project. Once an investment case is built up and an investment decision received a project will move into implementation. For larger projects this can include detailed design followed by construction or installation. For smaller projects, sufficiently detailed design may have occurred prior to the investment decision. Once the project is fully installed it will be commissioned to ensure correct operation and then move forward into its operational lifetime. Types of implementation contracts Energy efficiency projects can be implemented via several types of contracts and it is important to distinguish the method of energy efficiency project execution from the type of financing. Many of the types of implementation contract used, with some exceptions, are similar to those used in general construction and engineering contracting. A review of the main types of implementation contracts is included in the Resources section of this toolkit. On commissioning the project will be handed over to the project host and will become operational. Any associated Operations and Maintenance plan or contract will commence and be an important driver of project performance. The energy performance of projects should be tracked through implementation of Measurement and Verification as specified in the M&V plan. M&V protocols are defined in the International Performance Measurement & Verification Protocols (IPMVP). For larger projects, especially those implemented under and Energy Performance Contract where project performance drives the fees to the contractor (ESCO) an independent M&V specialist may be appointed. For smaller projects the cost of M&V has to be considered alongside the magnitude of the benefits and traditionally the results of many projects, both small and large, have not been closely measured using M&V. The falling cost of metering, sensors and communications technology make M&V more viable for smaller projects. All energy savings measures are estimates of a counterfactual, i.e. how much energy would have been used without the change in equipment or management. In order to evaluate savings methods of Measurement and Verification were formalised in the 1990s under the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP), now managed and maintained by the Efficiency Valuation Organisation (EVO). The Investor Confidence Project draws on IPMVP and other sources to establish M&V practices recommended for lenders and seeks to tie those practices to the entire project development, design, construction, commissioning, and monitoring process. IPMVP sets out different methodologies including: Stipulated savings, Partial or full measurement in isolation, Whole building measurement and Simulation. For an investor or lender to an efficiency project (or indeed for the asset owner) understanding how savings are measured and which party bears the risk is essential to gauging the risk associated with the investment or loan. Further information is included in the Resources section of this Toolkit. The financial institution’s perspective The project life cycle from the perspective of the financial institution is essentially in two stages; pre-financing and operations/servicing. Pre-financing includes; origination, underwriting and the investment decision. Operations includes; investment administration, draw down of funds and on-going servicing for the life of the investment. The origination of energy efficiency projects can be complex. For financial institutions, different routes to originating projects are possible; including working with existing customers, specific equipment vendors, energy consultants and ESCOs. In most markets, however, there remains a shortage of well-developed projects relative to available capital. Some funds and institutions have allocated capital to energy efficiency but have had difficulties in deploying it at the rates originally envisaged. If the energy efficiency finance industry is to scale up to the levels required to address energy and climate goals this issue needs to be addressed. One method that has been used successfully by International Finance Institutions (IFIs) and others is to provide Technical Assistance (TA) to help project owners to develop projects to the appropriate technical and financial standards. TA in some form is considered vital to create a viable deal flow, especially as despite the advantages of improving energy efficiency, demand remains low. At the EU level, the ELENA facility (http://www.eib.org/products/advising/elena/index.htm) aims at helping project developers prepare and launch large-scale investment programmes in sustainable energy. The ELENA facility is funded by the European Union and is managed by the EIB, it has already catalyzed around EUR 4 billion of investments with around EUR 100 million of EU public funds. During the pre-financing stage, and probably before a formal decision to move to full underwriting, lenders will perform preliminary due diligence on the project. Project developers, like financiers, generally seek to avoid costly analysis at the pre-development stage before the execution of the project is more certain. Nevertheless, in order to proceed a lender or investor will require basic information that will determine whether a term sheet will be offered. With the exception of the energy assessment, the list below could just as well describe the materials prepared for the acquisition or refinance of an existing building: - Preliminary energy assessment with recommendations for energy system improvements, cost estimates within ± 15%, and savings estimates. - Expected sources and uses of financing for the project, reflecting planned equity contributions and expected loan size and terms; - Pro forma showing cash flows over time. The pro forma will be project-specific where the borrower is special purpose vehicle (SPV). The pro forma will show the impact of the energy efficiency project on the cash flow of the building; - Rent roll (if the asset is commercial or residential rental); - Historical financials for the host asset if it is multi-tenant; balance sheet and financials for the occupant if it is owner-occupied or single-tenant; - Financials of guarantors or off takers, likely required in the case of a special purpose entity and absolutely required for a PPA or comparable off take agreement; - Comparables, a set of projects of similar type that validate projections in the pro forma. In a real property transaction, these comparables might be rents or sale prices for comparable buildings. For energy projects they are benchmarked energy usages for more efficient buildings or documented savings from comparable projects, based on methods described in the Investor Confidence Project standards; - Narrative and diagram of contract structure showing roles, responsibilities and contractual obligations of the parties. Decision to proceed to underwriting On the basis of the information provided by the project developer (listed above) the financial institution(s) will decide whether or not to proceed to full underwriting and due diligence. Underwriting is the formal process of determining value and risk leading to a decision to lend or invest. Underwriting will require the finalisation of project information, including more accurate cost and savings estimates, as well as the procurement and contracting approach to be used. The first step in underwriting is the elaboration of a detailed financial model which can be used for valuation, pricing and risk analysis and the results of the modelling may sometimes be used to modify technical and commercial proposals in an iterative process. For larger projects the technical information may be subject to independent due diligence. Requiring developers to use internationally recognised standards such as those of the Investor Confidence Project may reduce the need to carry out technical due diligence. The financial model, coupled with information on the project host’s credit rating and any relevant accounting and legal input, will form the basis of underwriting which is described in more detail in the Value and Risk Appraisal section of this Toolkit. Assuming the outcome of the combined processes meets the investment criteria set by the institution a term sheet or offer will be issued. Following negotiations and any required due diligence and approvals required, financial close will occur, leading to draw down of funds to finance construction and commissioning. Upon completion, there will usually be an inspection to ensure the project is built and is performing to specification and the project then enters a stage of servicing during which loan repayments are made as required by the agreement between the financial institution and the host. Upon approval by the investment committee of an investor or the credit committee of a lender, the parties proceed to prepare legal documentation for the loan or the investment. In an energy efficiency project this element of the process varies little from that of any other kind of loan or investment but energy efficiency projects also have specific milestones that lenders and investors should require in order to ensure effective implementation and help to ensure project outcomes match pre-development projections. Specific documentation ensures that energy efficiency projects are well-executed and should be required as a conditions precedent for draw down. These include: - Design, Construction and Verification (DCV) standards specific to the project that clearly explain to engineers and contractors the design intent of the retrofits, the standards to which they will be built and the steps that will be taken to verify both of these elements. - An Operations and Maintenance (O&M) plan to ensure the installations are managed and cared for properly. - Most external financing entities make provision for their inspections at specific stages of project completion. In energy efficiency projects, these inspections should be performed by experienced engineers familiar with retrofits who inspect not only for completion of the work but the execution according to the prescribed standards. - A Measurement and Verification (M&V) plan that sets out the M&V methodology and the reporting frequency and format. These and other elements of effective external financing documentation for energy efficiency projects are more fully described in the Investor Confidence Project protocols (see the Resources section of this Toolkit). A critical step in any construction project, whether of a new apartment building or an energy project, is the external financing entity’s final inspection. For energy efficiency projects like many other construction, mechanical and electrical projects, the last stage of project execution is a process called commissioning. New systems and equipment must be tested under various conditions to ensure they run properly. Loan documentation should require this process as well as a reference standard for executing it and link loan draw down to it. Servicing of a loan or investment follows the terms laid out in the loan or investment agreements. Energy efficiency projects are no different in this regard from any other loan or investment except that, as described above, the requirements of the borrower may differ. External financing contracts covenants can and should make borrowers responsible for submitting M&V reports to external financial servicers responsible for ensuring that the project performs, and for calling upon guarantees as necessary for those that under-perform. M&V reports can provide useful additional risk management over and above normal management reports as they can highlight problems such as a reduced level of savings as they develop and can be used to trigger corrective action. Maintaining M&V data will also help lenders to begin to assemble reference datasets that can help in underwriting future energy efficiency projects.

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Wednesday, April 12, 2017 Affecting 1-2% of mostly young women, bulimia nervosa is an episodic, compulsive cycle of binging and purging - eating large quantities of food and then purging said food in ways such as induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives. During a binging period, you might ingest high calorie food, often with a soft or smooth texture that may not even need to be chewed. These binges are often conducted in secret and are often only stopped by forces such as vomiting or social interaction. While pleasurable during, they may bring you to feelings of intense shame and depression. In a purging period, you may rid your body of excess calories via inducing vomiting, abusing diuretics and laxatives, excessive exercise or fasting. You may have a persistent worry over your personal appearance and how others perceive you. You may suffer from weight fluctuations due to the binge and purge cycles, however often bulimic individuals are within a normal weight range. There is also a related disorder, binge eating, where you binge on foods like with bulimia nervosa, but do not purge. Excessive vomiting and laxative abuse may lead to problems with dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Gastric acid being brought up during vomiting may cause tooth decay. If you suffer from bulimia, you often will also have another mental health condition such as depression or anxiety. Powered by Blogger.

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What are Composite Veneers? In dentistry, a veneer is a thin layer of restorative material placed over a tooth surface, either to improve the aesthetics of a tooth, or to protect a damaged tooth surface. There are two main types of material used to fabricate a veneer, composite and dental porcelain. A composite veneer may be directly placed (built-up in the mouth), or indirectly fabricated by a dental technician in a dental laboratory, and later bonded to the tooth, typically using a resin cement such as Panavia. In contrast, a porcelain veneer may only be indirectly fabricated.

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Where every child knows they are special and safe At Braywood we believe that there are many areas of learning outside the National Curriculum, in particular personal, moral, spiritual and social development. All staff share the responsibility for pastoral care. Braywood aims to provide an education which is sensitive to individual needs and accessible to all children regardless of sex, race, religion, belief or disability. These are our protected characteristics which are successfully respected in our inclusive ethos. The school seeks to promote awareness, understanding and respect for the diversity of cultures within our world. We value and celebrate the contributions and achievements made by all individuals whatever their backgrounds, culture, beliefs or gender. Within a community, rules are essential. These are mostly matters of common sense and to ensure the safety of our children. The emphasis in the school is to praise good behaviour, attitude and effort and increase children’s awareness of the need to make a positive contribution to their community. When sanctions are necessary they will be appropriate to the child and the incident. From the UNICEF Children's Rights we compose our class charters where children understand (for example) they have the right to learn in class, but the responsibility to allow other to do the same. We have 3 essential rues ...are you being RESPECTFUL, SAFE and READY? We have high expectations of all our pupils to achieve their potential and we engage in strategies to overcome potential barriers to learning. Pupils with special educational needs are catered for within the classroom through a range of support strategies by trained staff or professions. All children with special educational needs have equal access to the curriculum. We encourage the children to play a positive role in the life of the school and to develop a sense of self worth. We teach them about rights and wrongs and they learn that they can make a difference. Bullying is not tolerated within our school and there is a set procedure to identify and deal with this. We pride ourselves on the outstanding behaviour at Braywood both inside and outside of school, We have a school charter which encompasses the UNICEF Articles of Rights for Children. These behavioural standards are upheld in every class, by every staff member and promoted wherever our pupils are learning. At every stage of a child's education at Braywood we keep everyone safe and maintain everyone's wellbeing. Staff are well trained and we understand how to support a child through difficult times through our Emotional Literacy Support Assistants. We have a very nurturing ethos for all. All staff have a clear understanding of how to safeguard our whole community. “Pupils joining the school settle quickly because their needs are accurately identified. As one parent wrote, I have found this school very supportive of my child and my family. They are aware of the pressures of modern living.‟ Transition arrangements between Reception and Year 1 and Year 4 and middle school are excellent.”.

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What Stress Is Doing To You Chronic Stress (and exposure to glucocorticoids) can kill some of your brain cells. A study conducted by Dr. Robert Sapolsky of Stanford University in the 1980's found that chronic stress caused damage to the hippocampus (the part of your brain that drive learning and memory). It changes brain circuits and as a result, acute stress can make you 'stupid' in the short term! Your Heart Stress restricts and clogs arteries reducing blood flow to heart. High levels of stress today will effect you today and your health for years to come. Your Immune System Stress can cause havoc on your immune system. A research paper (Segerstrom & Miller) from 2006 studied 300 empirical articles and concluded that our immune system is detrimentally affected by chronic stress. "The results of this meta-analysis support this assertion in one sense: Stressors with the temporal parameters of the fight-or-flight situations faced by humans’ evolutionary ancestors elicited potentially beneficial changes in the immune system. The more a stressor deviated from those parameters by becoming more chronic, however, the more components of the immune system were affected in a potentially detrimental way." Segerstrom & Miller (2006) Your Body Weight The Whitehall Study found a link between stress and weight gain in the abdominal area. Weight gain in the 'midsection' is the worst type of fat your body can carry. This is dangerous fat as it produces different chemicals and hormones that harm your body. Your Aging Process We have 46 chromosomes that are each capped off with a telomere which protect the ends of our chromosomes from fraying. Stress can change these genetic structures. Our telomeres naturally shorten as we age, but scientists now know that the stress hormones speed up the decaying process. Dr. Elissa Epel did a study of mothers who were taking care of disabled children and thought to be understandably under chronic stress. The study looked at the telomeres of these women and for that for every year of chronic stress, they aged roughly six years. Conclusion Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn, a thought leader in telomere research, co-discovered an enzyme called telomerase can repair damaged telomeres. This enzyme is stimulated by compassion and caring for others. Developing COMPASSION & MINDFULNESS could help heal the damaging effects of stress and possibly help us live longer, healthier lives.- Jay Coulter | Popular PodcastsOlympian Suzy Favor Hamilton - From Fame to Prostitution to Advocacy Hall of Fame Basketball Star Chamique Holdsclaw on Mental Resilience Diana Nightingale on her husband Earl Nightingale's Principles for Mental Health Success JoAnn Buttaro on Date Rape & PTSD Survival Story: Its Never Too Late Gabe Howard on BiPolar Advocacy Phil Fulmer on Teen Suicide Prison, Bipolar and Mania with Andy Behrman Columbia Univeristy's Dr. Rynn on OCD Archives

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In this game, teacher has to prepare cards based on the number of students times the number of questions. Instead of using real cards, it is recommended to use paper that is cut up like cards. First, teacher asks the questions and students write their answer on the cards given. Afterwards, students receive their score by counting how many questions they got right or wrong. - Empty paper - Writing tools How to Play: - Create questions (preferably in the range from 10 - 20). - Cut up paper into cards with the amount being the number of people playing times the number of questions. - Ask a question. - Students write down their answer on one of the cards given. - Repeat the previous 2 steps until all questions have been asked. - See the results by counting how many questions you get right.

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Christ has been born for us: come, let us adore him. Year: B(II). Psalm week: 1. Liturgical Colour: White. Other saints: St Elizabeth Ann Seton (1774 - 1821) She was born in New York into an Episcopalian family, who ostracized her and left her penniless when she became a Catholic in 1805. She had to leave New York and in 1808-9 she founded a religious community and a school for poor children at Emmitsburg, near Baltimore in Maryland. Mother Seton died in 1821 but the Sisters of Charity continue her work to this day. See the articles in Wikipedia and the About the author of the Second Reading in today's Office of Readings: Second Reading: St Maximus the Confessor (c.580 - 662) Beginning life as a civil servant and rising to high office, Maximus saw the light and took monastic vows, at an unknown time and for unknown reasons, at the monastery of Philippicus in Chrysopolis, a city across the Bosporus from Constantinople (later known as Scutari, the modern Turkish city of Üsküdar). In due course he became the abbot there. When the Persians conquered Anatolia, Maximus was forced to flee to a monastery near Carthage. It was there that he came under the tutelage of Saint Sophronius, and began studying in detail with him the Christological writings of Gregory of Nazianzus and Dionysius the Areopagite. He applied rigorous Aristotelian logic to these writings to make their doctrine clearer, and harder to misunderstand. The perennial argument in the East over the nature of Christ – whether true God and true man, or just a divinely commanded man-shaped puppet – flared up yet again, and this time both the Emperor and the Patriarch of Constantinople were on the latter side. Maximus taking the side of orthodoxy, he was arrested in Rome in 653, together with Pope Martin I. The Pope was condemned without a trial and died before he could be sent to Constantinople. Maximus was taken there to be tried as a heretic in 658 and was sentenced to four years’ exile. In 662 he was brought back and tried again, and this time his tongue was cut out so that he could no longer speak rebellion and his right hand cut off so that he could no longer write letters. He was exiled to a distant region of the empire, where he died on 13 August of the same year. The passages from St Maximus which adorn the Office of Readings have nothing of these controversies in them, but are chosen to reflect for us the glory of the light of the events of our redemption. Liturgical colour: white White is the colour of heaven. Liturgically, it is used to celebrate feasts of the Lord; Christmas and Easter, the great seasons of the Lord; and the saints. Not that you will always see white in church, because if something more splendid, such as gold, is available, that can and should be used instead. We are, after all, celebrating. In the earliest centuries all vestments were white – the white of baptismal purity and of the robes worn by the armies of the redeemed in the Apocalypse, washed white in the blood of the Lamb. As the Church grew secure enough to be able to plan her liturgy, she began to use colour so that our sense of sight could deepen our experience of the mysteries of salvation, just as incense recruits our sense of smell and music that of hearing. Over the centuries various schemes of colour for feasts and seasons were worked out, and it is only as late as the 19th century that they were harmonized into their present form. Mid-morning reading (Terce) | Jeremiah 31:7-8 | Shout with joy for Jacob! Hail the chief of nations! Proclaim! Praise! Shout: ‘The Lord has saved his people, the remnant of Israel!’ See, I will bring them back from the land of the North and gather them from the far ends of the earth. Noon reading (Sext) | Jeremiah 31:11-12 | For the Lord has ransomed Jacob, rescued him from a hand stronger than his own. They will come and shout for joy on the heights of Zion, they will throng towards the good things of the Lord. Afternoon reading (None) | Zechariah 8:7-8 | The Lord of Hosts says this. Now I am going to save my people from the countries of the East and from the countries of the West. I will bring them back to live inside Jerusalem. They shall be my people and I will be their God in faithfulness and integrity.

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Give thanks to the Lord, for his great love is without end. Year: B(II). Psalm week: 1. Liturgical Colour: Green. Other saints: St Margaret Clitherow, née Middleton (c.1553-1586) England: 30 Aug Nottingham: 27 Feb Liverpool: 1 Sep Margaret Middleton was born in York around 1553, lived there all her life, and died there on 25 March 1586. At 15, she married a butcher, John Clitherow, and three years later became a Catholic. Her brother-in-law William was a Catholic and after ordination as a priest became a Carthusian; he may well have influenced Margaret’s decision to become a Catholic. Imprisoned for her non-attendance at church, she taught herself to read and later ran a small school for her own and her neighbours’ children. Her husband remained Protestant, but allowed her to hide priests in their house. It is said that she used to visit the Knavesmire (the Tyburn of the North) to pray for those who had been martyred there. She saw that her children were all educated in the faith through the services of a young man who had been imprisoned for his faith in York Castle. She knew this prison well having been detained there several times for non-attendance at Church of England services. In 1586 the secret hiding places in her home were discovered, and Margaret was arrested. In order to prevent her children and servants from being questioned (and to protect her children from destitution if she was found guilty) she refused to plead, thus preventing a trial. The punishment for this was being laid on sharp stones and then crushed to death. Her body was secretly buried by the authorities but was later discovered by friends, who buried her privately elsewhere; though the place of her burial has not yet been found. Her daughter Anne was imprisoned for four years for refusing to attend a Church of England service, and finally became a nun at St Ursula’s, Louvain. Her sons Henry and William became priests. Other saints: St Anne Line (c.1565-1601) England: 30 Aug Nottingham: 27 Feb Liverpool: 1 Sep Anne Heigham was born at Dunmow (Essex) around 1565, and was hanged at Tyburn on 27 February 1601. In her teens, she became a Catholic and was disinherited, and in 1585 married Roger Line, also a disinherited convert, who was subsequently imprisoned then, already a sick man, exiled for his faith, dying in Flanders soon afterwards. Anne was left destitute and herself suffered poor health. She offered her services to the Jesuits and was asked to look after a house of refuge in London. She ran a large safe house for priests, taught children, and made vestments. To strengthen her resolution she took voluntary vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. On 2 February after a large number of people had been seen gathering at her house for Mass, she was arrested. Her trial was on 26 February. Despite the prosecution’s failure to prove the charge of harbouring a priest the Lord Chief Justice directed the jury to find her guilty, and condemned her to be hanged the next day. Other saints: St Margaret Ward (?-1588) England: 30 Aug Nottingham: 27 Feb Liverpool: 1 Sep Margaret Ward was born at Congleton (Cheshire), but entered into the service of a family in London. She was arrested after assisting a priest, William Watson, who was himself awaiting execution to escape from prison (after a somewhat bizarre life he was eventually executed for having mounted an attempt to kidnap and usurp King James I). After many twists and turns she was eventually arrested but though severely tortured refused to reveal Watson’s hiding place or to renounce her faith. She was tried at the Old Bailey, and executed on 30 August 1588. Other saints: Blessed Ghebre Michael (1790 - 1855) 30 Aug (where celebrated) He was born in Ethiopia in 1790. He entered an Orthodox monastery, where he proved to be a gifted student. His name, “Ghebre-Michael” means “servant of Michael”. He took an intense interest in the history of monasticism and, concerned at the deterioration of monastic standards in Ethiopia, travelled around the country, visiting monasteries, researching their history and the manuscripts in their libraries, and inspiring a small group of monks in each place with a zeal for reform. Having come to the conclusion that the root cause of the trouble was the monks’ poor theological education, he determined to travel to Jerusalem to continue his studies. He had intended to travel alone, but at this time an important coincidence supervened and changed the course of his life. Ethiopia had only one Orthodox bishop, who was appointed by the Coptic Patriarch of Alexandria, and in 1840-41 the see was vacant. A delegation was being sent to Alexandria to ask the Patriarch for a new bishop and to visit Jerusalem on the way back, and Ghebre-Michael was invited to join the group. He made one stipulation: that the return journey should include Rome as well as Jerusalem, with the aim of lessening the suspicion of the Catholic Church among the Orthodox. On this journey he first met the Catholic missionary Justin de Jacobis, whose holiness and way of life made a great impression on him. To everyone’s dismay, the bishop chosen by the Patriarch was in every way unsuitable. Educated by Protestants, he had his own political agenda. He set himself against Ghebre-Michael’s project of reform and theological purification, and his followers tried to poison Ghebre-Michael himself. In September 1843 Ghebre-Michael sought out Justin and asked to be received into the Catholic Church (at that time about three dozen Ethiopians had become Catholics). They discussed the matter for nearly six months, and visited many monasteries together to study their ancient manuscripts. Finally, in February 1844, Ghebre-Michael was received into the Church. In July 1854, together with four other converts, Ghebre-Michael was arrested by the bishop and tortured with the aim of getting him to renounce Catholicism. This torture continued for many months. When a new emperor of Ethopia was crowned in February 1855 he had Ghebre-Michael put in chains and took him with him wherever he went. He was put on trial in the presence of the British Consul in May 1855, and, still refusing to apostasize, was sentenced to be shot. The Consul interceded for him, his life was spared, but he died on 28 August 1855 as a result of the harsh treatment he was receiving. He was buried at the side of the road; the exact site is unknown. Other saints: Saint Fiacre He was born in Ireland in the seventh century, and was ordained priest. He lived in a hermitage in Kilkenny, but disciples flocked to him there and he went to France in search of greater solitude. He was kindly received by St Faro, Bishop of Meaux, and given land at Breuil on which to build a hermitage. The town of Saint-Fiacre-en-Brie stands on the site of the hospice he built for travellers. See the article in the Other saints: St Edmund Arrowsmith (1585 - 1628) Liverpool: 30 Aug Salford: 1 Sep He was born at Haydock in Lancashire. His father was a yeoman farmer and his mother was a member of an important Lancashire Catholic family. At the age of 20 he left England and went to the English College at Douai to study for the priesthood. He was ordained in Arras on 9 December 1612 and sent on the English mission a year later He ministered to the Catholics of Lancashire without incident until around 1622, when he was arrested and questioned by the Anglican Bishop of Chester. Edmund was released when King James I of England ordered all arrested priests to be freed. He joined the Jesuits in 1624. In the summer of 1628, he was denounced to the authorities. He was put on trial, and sentenced to death for being a Roman Catholic priest in England. He was hanged, drawn and quartered at Lancaster on 28 August 1628. His final confession was heard by Saint John Southworth, who was imprisoned along with Edmund. About the author of the Second Reading in today's Office of Readings: Second Reading: St Jerome (340 - 420) Jerome was born in Strido, in Dalmatia. He studied in Rome and was baptized there. He was attracted by the ascetic life and travelled to the East, where he was (unwillingly) ordained a priest. He was recalled to Rome to act as secretary to Pope Damasus, but on the Pope’s death he returned to the East, to Bethlehem, where (with the aid of St Paula and others) he founded a monastery, a hospice, and a school, and settled down to the most important work of his life, the translation of the Bible into Latin, a translation which, with some revisions, is still in use today. He wrote many works of his own, including letters and commentaries on Holy Scripture. When a time of troubles came upon the world, through barbarian invasions, and to the Church, through internal dissension, he helped the refugees and those in need. He died at Bethlehem. Liturgical colour: green The theological virtue of hope is symbolized by the colour green, just as the burning fire of love is symbolized by red. Green is the colour of growing things, and hope, like them, is always new and always fresh. Liturgically, green is the colour of Ordinary Time, the orderly sequence of weeks through the year, a season in which we are being neither single-mindedly penitent (in purple) nor overwhelmingly joyful (in white). Mid-morning reading (Terce) | Philippians 2:2-4 | Be united in your convictions and united in your love, with a common purpose and a common mind. There must be no competition among you, no conceit; but everybody is to be self-effacing. Always consider the other person to be better than yourself, so that nobody thinks of his own interests first but everybody thinks of other people’s interests instead. Noon reading (Sext) | 2 Corinthians 13:4 | He was crucified through weakness, but still he lives now through the power of God. So then, we are weak, as he was, but we shall live with him, through the power of God, for your benefit. Afternoon reading (None) | Colossians 3:12-13 | You are God’s chosen race, his saints; he loves you, and you should be clothed in sincere compassion, in kindness and humility, gentleness and patience. Bear with one another; forgive each other as soon as a quarrel begins. The Lord has forgiven you; now you must do the same.

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10 Healthy Habits for Healthy people 1. Eat a variety of foods For good health, we need more than 40 different nutrients, and no single food can supply them all. It is not about a single meal, it is about a balanced food choice over time that will make a difference! A high-fat lunch could be followed by a low-fat dinner. After a large meat portion at dinner, perhaps fish should be the next day’s choice? 2. Base your diet on plenty of foods rich in carbohydrates About half the calories in our diet should come from foods rich in carbohydrates, such as cereals, rice, pasta, potatoes, and bread. It is a good idea to include at least one of these at every meal. Wholegrain foods, like wholegrain bread, pasta, and cereals, will increase our fibre int 3. Replace saturated with unsaturated fat Fats are important for good health and proper functioning of the body. However, too much of it can negatively affect our weight and cardiovascular health. Different kinds of fats have different health effects, and some of these tips could help us keep the balance right: We should limit the consumption of total and saturated fats (often coming from foods of animal origin), and completely avoid trans fats; reading the labels helps to identify the sources. Eating fish 2-3 times a week, with at least one serving of oily fish, will contribute to our right intake of unsaturated fats. When cooking, we should boil, steam or bake, rather than frying, remove the fatty part of meat, use vegetable oils. 4. Enjoy plenty of fruits and vegetables Fruits and vegetables are among the most important foods for giving us enough vitamins, minerals and fibre. We should try to eat at least 5 servings a day. For example, a glass of fresh fruit juice at breakfast, perhaps an apple and a piece of watermelon as snacks, and a good portion of different vegetables at each meal. 5. Reduce salt and sugar intake A high salt intake can result in high blood pressure, and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. There are different ways to reduce salt in the diet: When shopping, we could choose products with lower sodium content. When cooking, salt can be substituted with spices, increasing the variety of flavours and tastes. When eating, it helps not to have salt at the table, or at least not to add salt before tasting. Sugar provides sweetness and an attractive taste, but sugary foods and drinks are rich in energy, and are best enjoyed in moderation, as an occasional treat. We could use fruits instead, even to sweeten our foods and drinks. 6. Eat regularly, control the portion size Eating a variety of foods, regularly, and in the right amounts is the best formula for a healthy diet. Skipping meals, especially breakfast, can lead to out-of-control hunger, often resulting in helpless overeating. Snacking between meals can help control hunger, but snacking should not replace proper meals. For snacks, we could choose yoghurt, a handful of fresh or dried fruits or vegetables (like carrot sticks), unsalted nuts, or perhaps some bread with cheese. Paying attention to portion size will help us not to consume too much calories, and will allow us to eat all the foods we enjoy, without having to eliminate any. Cooking the right amount makes it easier to not overeat. Some reasonable serving sizes are: 100 g of meat; one medium piece of fruit; half a cup of raw pasta. Using smaller plates helps with smaller servings. Packaged foods, with calorie values on the pack, could aid portion control. If eating out, we could share a portion with a friend. 7. Drink plenty of fluids Adults need to drink at least 1.5 litres of fluid a day! Or more if it’s very hot or they are physically active. Water is the best source, of course, and we can use tap or mineral water, sparkling or non-sparkling, plain or flavoured. Fruit juices, tea, soft drinks, milk and other drinks, can all be okay – from time to time. 8. Maintain a healthy body weight The right weight for each us depends on factors like our gender, height, age, and genes. Being overweight increases the risks of a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, heart diseases, and cancer. Excess body fat comes from eating more than we need. The extra calories can come from any caloric nutrient – protein, fat, carbohydrate, or alcohol, but fat is the most concentrated source of energy. Physical activity helps us spend the energy, and makes us feel good. The message is reasonably simple: if we are gaining weight, we need to eat less and be more active! 9. Get on the move, make it a habit! Physical activity is important for people of all weight ranges and health conditions. It helps us burn off the extra calories, it is good for the heart and circulatory system, it maintains or increases our muscle mass, it helps us focus, and improves overall health well-being. We don’t have to be top athletes to get on the move! 150 minutes per week of moderate physical activity is advised, and it can easily become part of our daily routine. We all could use the stairs instead of the elevator, go for a walk during lunch breaks (and stretch in our offices in between)make time for a family weekend activity 10. Start now! And keep changing gradually. Gradual changes in our lifestyle are easier to maintain than major changes introduced all at once. For three days, we could write down the foods and drinks we consume throughout the day, and make a note of the amount of movement we made. It won’t be difficult to spot where we could improve: Skipping breakfast? A small bowl of muesli, a piece of bread or fruit, could help slowly introduce it into our routine Too few fruits and vegetables? To start with, we can introduce one extra piece a day. Favourite foods high in fat? Eliminating them abruptly could fire back, and make us return to the old habits. We can choose low fat options instead, eat them less frequently, and in smaller portions. Too little activity? Using the stairs daily could be a great first move.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

http://www.youthforum.wgministries.org/log-in/

2024-10-06T03:28:45Z

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en

Point coordinate in the form of the x+iy form | ax+by+c=0 straight line coefficients through a gap | The set point with coordinates (X+Yi) | The set straight line | Coordinates of a mirror point | Calculation of new coordinates of the set point or points which are specularly displayed concerning any set straight line is considered. The algorithm for finding the coordinates of the mirror point is very simple 1. Determine the point of intersection of the abscissa axis and the line 2. Regarding this point, we make a rotation by an angle equal to the angular coefficient of the line. How this is done can be found in the material turning points at an arbitrary angle 3. Using the view matrix , we obtain a mirror image of the point relative to the abscissa axis. 4. Make a reverse turn (as in paragraph 2) 5. We get the result. Mathematically, the solution of the problem is a product of three matrices, if the point around which the rotation is made is at the origin Consider the implementation of this algorithm using the example shown in the figure above. So, we have a point with coordinates C (-2,6) and the equation of the line -18.8x + 47.11-42.35 = 0 Enter the data The coordinates of point C are written here in this form -2 + 6i The coefficients of the line are written through the space -18.8 47.11 -42.35 We get the answer Given point with coordinates (X: Y) | Direct line | Mirror Point Coordinates | As you can see, this coincides with the graph at the beginning of the article made with geoGebra. Good calculations !!

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://abakbot.com/geometry-en/zerkalo-en

2024-10-06T04:17:42Z

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en

A mobile phone, sometimes shortened to just mobile, cell or simply phone is a portable phone that may make and receive calls on a single radio signal link while the user remains within a certain phone service region. There are many different types of mobile phones available and each one has different features. In order for a mobile phone to work it needs an antenna, a receiver, a transmitter and a speaker or headset. The amount of memory that a mobile has will depend on the memory capacity of the cell. It can also be purchased with any type of communications device that you prefer. You can use your mobile to make and receive calls, browse the internet, take pictures, store videos and more. There are some mobile devices that you can purchase and use in the United States of America and some of them do not have a long-range cellular signal and they will work in any location where there is a signal from a cell phone tower. Mobile phone coverage can be found anywhere but it depends where you live. Most of the larger metropolitan areas will usually have some form of mobile service that you can use for a reasonable price. If you have a GPS device then you can even track your location from anywhere in the world and still receive directions to your location through your GPS. When you buy a cell phone you may want to consider purchasing a mobile phone plan that you can use when you travel. This will allow you to purchase minutes ahead of time so that if you are going to use the mobile for more than a certain amount of time, you will not have to pay an additional fee for it. You may find that this is a good idea if you use the mobile for business purposes so that you can purchase more minutes for the same price as a home plan. You will also find that most plans include free ring tones so that you can have a nice sound for making calls.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://alex-dive.com/mobile-phones-and-how-they-are-used/

2024-10-06T03:47:08Z

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en

fast of ramadan rules has a special place and a great rank, as it is an opportunity to purify oneself and refine one’s morals, and an important occasion to train oneself and tame one’s desires. It is also a means of restricting bad tendencies and curbing abnormal desires and inclinations. fast of ramadan rules derives its greatness and sanctity from the fact that it is a secret between the servant and his Lord, which no one can see, and whoever enters it with sincere intentions emerges from it with a testimony of integrity, and is among the survivors in this world and the hereafter. Definition of fasting fast of ramadan rules is the language of abstinence, and it is legal to abstain from the desires of the stomach and private parts from dawn to sunset with the intention of worship. It is the fourth pillar of Islam that Allah imposed on Muslims in the second year of the Hijra. And a sign of its obligation in the Sunnah of the Prophet is the saying of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the authentic hadith: (Islam is built on five testimonies that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishing prayer, paying zakat, and fasting. Ramadan and the Hajj to the House for those who are able to do so.) Bukhari and Muslim. The conditions for fast of ramadan rules are divided into three types: conditions of obligation, conditions of validity, and conditions of obligation and validity together. The conditions for obligation are three: The first is puberty, because fasting is not obligatory for a boy, even if he is a teenager, and the second is ability, so there is no blame on a Muslim if he is unable to fast due to old age or illness. The third is residence, because the traveler does not fast, but he has the right to break his fast and make up for it. There are also three conditions for health: The first is the intention built into the heart, and the second is discernment, as it is not valid for a child to fast until he distinguishes the purpose and meaning of the acts of worship. The third is the time during which fasting is permitted, as the latter is invalidated on forbidden days, such as the day of Eid. As for the conditions of both obligation and validity, there are also three: The first of which is Islam, because the fasting of an infidel is unacceptable. The second reason is because the pen is lifted from the madman until he wakes up. The third is purification from menstrual and postpartum blood, because fasting is forbidden for menstruating and postpartum women and they must make up for it. Pillars of fasting fast of ramadan rules has two basic pillars that protect its great spiritual structure from collapse, and preserve its venerable religious goals from error. Without these two pillars together, fasting is never valid, and the reward of the fasting person is not proven. The first pillar is the intention, that is, the determination of the heart to fast in compliance with the command of Allah Almighty and to draw closer to Him. If fasting is obligatory, the intention must be made at night before dawn, and if fasting is voluntary, the intention is valid even after dawn. As for the second pillar of fast of ramadan rules, it is abstinence, that is, refraining from desires, obscene words, and all kinds of things that break the fast, such as eating, drinking, and sexual intercourse, from dawn to sunset. Sunnahs of fasting fast of ramadan rules has many Sunnahs that were enacted by the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, the first of which is to hasten breakfast and eat it immediately after sunset. The second is to break the fast with a date or a drink of water. The third is the supplication when breaking the fast, because the Prophet used to say when breaking his fast: (O Allah, for You we fasted and for Your provision we broke our fast, so accept it from us. Indeed, You are the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing) Narrated by Abu Dawud. The fourth is to adhere to suhoor for the goodness and blessings it brings. Fifthly, delaying suhoor until the last part of the night because this helps the fasting person to reduce the hours of fasting and reduce his feeling of hunger and thirst during the day. The virtue of fasting fast of ramadan rules has many virtues and many benefits that encourage a Muslim to do it, and make it easier for him to face any trouble or difficulty in performing it. In addition to its health benefits, fasting is one of the greatest reasons for the forgiveness of sins. It is a shield, meaning protection and cover for the servant in this world and the hereafter. It is like water that extinguishes the fire of desire and refines it. Thanks to him, the Muslim is guaranteed a door to enter Paradise through which only those who fast can enter. He will also intercede for his companion on the Day of Resurrection. His reward is without reckoning, according to what Allah Almighty says in the Holy Hadith: (Every deed of the son of Adam is for him except fasting, for it is Mine and I will reward for it.) Another virtue of fasting is that the smell emanating from the mouth of the fasting person as a result of the stomach being empty of food is more pleasant to Allah than the scent of musk, because it is an effect of worship and obedience. Ruling on fasting Based on fast of ramadan rules, fasting is divided into several types, each type explained and detailed, as follows: It is divided into two parts: Either it is an obligatory fast, and the law addresses all those who are obligated to do it. It is represented by fasting in the month of Ramadan, or it is obligatory fasting, due to the one who is responsible; It is a fast of expiation and vows. Examples of fasting of expiation include: expiation for swearing an oath, expiation for manslaughter, expiation for zihaar, expiation for sexual intercourse during the day in Ramadan, ransom for harm to a person in ihram, ransom for one who cannot find a sacrificial animal, and ransom for killing game while in ihram. It is voluntary fasting, provided that it is not on a day on which fasting is forbidden. Hadiths have clarified the virtue of voluntary fasting, including: The saying of the Prophet – peace and blessings be upon him -: (Whoever fasts a day for the sake of Allah, Almighty, Allah will keep his face away from Hell for seventy years. ) It is disliked to fast on several days and under different circumstances. Among them: fasting forever; That is, continuing to fast every day without interruption, with the exception of the days forbidden. It is also disliked to fast for intercourse. That is, fasting on two consecutive days, without breaking the fast in between, just as it is disliked to fast on the day of Arafat for the Hajj, and to fast on Friday alone, or on Saturday alone, and to designate the month of Rajab for fasting. It is forbidden to fast on the days of the two Eids and the days of Tashreeq. They are: the first, second and thirteenth of the month of Dhul-Hijjah. It is also forbidden to fast on the day of doubt. Discover the empowering benefits of “Mashallah La Quwwata Illa Billah“! This profound phrase reminds us of our reliance on a higher power and the strength it brings to our lives. Ready to unlock its transformative potential? Sign up for our newsletter today to receive exclusive insights, practical tips, and inspiring stories on incorporating this powerful mindset into your daily life. Don’t miss out on the opportunity to experience the blessings of “Mashallah La Quwwata Illa Billah” firsthand – subscribe now and embark on a journey of spiritual growth and empowerment! At the end of the text, fasting is obligatory for every Muslim, and it is one of the five pillars of Islam. Therefore, we mentioned in our article all the provisions related to fast of ramadan rules in detail. In addition to some other rulings related to fasting, such as the Sunnahs of fasting, etc.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://alhafidzacademy.com/fast-of-ramadan-rules/

2024-10-06T04:47:10Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253397.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20241006030248-20241006060248-00409.warc.gz

en

Losing weight in 30 days is possible, but it’s important to approach it in a healthy and sustainable way. Here are some tips to help you get started on your weight loss journey: Set Realistic Goals: Determine how much weight you want to lose in 30 days. A safe and sustainable rate of weight loss is typically 1-2 pounds (0.45-0.9 kilograms) per week. So, aim for a total of 4-8 pounds (1.8-3.6 kilograms) in 30 days. Calorie Deficit: Weight loss largely depends on consuming fewer calories than you burn. Calculate your daily caloric needs and create a calorie deficit by consuming fewer calories through your diet. Healthy Eating: Focus on eating whole, nutrient-dense foods such as fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats. Avoid or limit processed foods, sugary snacks, and high-calorie beverages. Portion Control: Be mindful of portion sizes. Use smaller plates, measure your food, and avoid eating until you’re overly full. Regular Meals: Don’t skip meals, especially breakfast. Eating regular, balanced meals can help stabilize blood sugar levels and prevent overeating later in the day. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Sometimes thirst is mistaken for hunger, so staying hydrated can help control your appetite. Exercise: Incorporate regular physical activity into your routine. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise per week, along with strength training exercises at least two days a week. Cardio Workouts: Cardiovascular exercises like running, cycling, swimming, or brisk walking can help you burn calories and improve your overall fitness. Strength Training: Building muscle through strength training can boost your metabolism, making it easier to lose weight. Include exercises that target all major muscle groups. Get Adequate Sleep: Lack of sleep can disrupt hormones that regulate hunger and appetite. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night. Manage Stress: High stress levels can lead to emotional eating and weight gain. Practice stress-reduction techniques like mindfulness, yoga, or meditation. Track Your Progress: Keep a food diary, track your workouts, and monitor your weight and measurements regularly to stay accountable. Seek Support: Consider working with a registered dietitian or a personal trainer for guidance and support. Joining a weight loss group or having a workout buddy can also be motivating. Be Patient: Remember that sustainable weight loss takes time. Don’t get discouraged by slow progress, and avoid crash diets or extreme measures. Consult a Healthcare Professional: If you have any underlying health conditions or concerns about your weight loss plan, consult a healthcare professional before starting any new diet or exercise program. It’s important to note that everyone’s body is different, and results may vary. Focus on building healthy habits that you can maintain in the long term rather than pursuing quick fixes. Losing weight safely and gradually is not only more sustainable but also healthier for your body. “30-Day Weight Loss Challenge: Healthy Habits for a New You” suggests a structured and time-bound approach to achieving weight loss while emphasizing the importance of developing healthy habits. Let’s break down how this concept can be implemented: Structured Time Frame: The “30-Day” aspect of the challenge provides a clear and manageable timeframe for individuals to focus on their weight loss goals. A month is a reasonable duration to initiate change and see some progress without feeling overwhelmed. Weight Loss Focus: The primary objective of this challenge is to promote weight loss. Participants are encouraged to work toward a specific weight loss goal within this timeframe. However, the emphasis should be on healthy and sustainable weight loss practices rather than extreme measures. Healthy Habits: The challenge promotes the adoption of healthy habits. Rather than relying on crash diets or extreme exercise routines, it encourages participants to make long-lasting changes to their daily routines. These could include eating nutritious foods, controlling portion sizes, staying hydrated, and engaging in regular physical activity. New You: The phrase “New You” signifies a transformation. The challenge aims to help individuals not only lose weight but also improve their overall well-being and self-image. It’s not just about the number on the scale but also about feeling better physically and mentally. Here’s a more detailed plan for the “30-Day Weight Loss Challenge” Week 1: Focus on creating a calorie deficit by adjusting your diet. Start by identifying and reducing high-calorie, low-nutrient foods. Begin incorporating more fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains into your meals. Week 2: Continue with your improved diet and start adding regular exercise to your routine. This could include daily walks, cycling, or workouts at the gym. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week. Week 3: Pay attention to portion control and mindful eating. Use smaller plates, avoid eating in front of the TV or computer, and savor each bite. Continue with your exercise routine and try to increase the intensity or duration of your workouts. Week 4: By now, you should have established a routine of healthy eating and regular exercise. Focus on consistency and stay motivated. Monitor your progress, celebrate small victories, and adjust your goals as needed. Throughout the challenge, participants can receive support and motivation from a community or group following the same plan. Daily or weekly check-ins, progress tracking, and sharing success stories can help individuals stay accountable and motivated. Remember that the key to long-term success is not just what you achieve in 30 days but how you continue to apply these healthy habits beyond the challenge. Sustainable weight loss and improved well-being are the ultimate goals. Abstinence, in the context of weight loss, refers to voluntarily refraining from certain behaviors, foods, or habits that can contribute to weight gain or hinder your weight loss efforts. It can be a powerful strategy to help you achieve your weight loss goals. Here is a detailed plan for practicing abstinence to lose weight. Sugar and Sugary Drinks: Abstain from sugary beverages: Cut out soda, fruit juices, energy drinks, and sugary coffee drinks. Opt for water, herbal tea, or unsweetened beverages. Limit added sugars: Reduce your intake of foods with added sugars, such as candies, cookies, and pastries. Check food labels for hidden sugars. Processed and Junk Foods: Avoid processed snacks: Stay away from chips, crackers, and other highly processed snack foods that are often high in calories and unhealthy fats. Skip fast food: Abstain from fast food restaurants, which tend to serve high-calorie, low-nutrient meals. Fried and Fatty Foods: Cut out fried foods: Abstain from fried foods like French fries, fried chicken, and doughnuts. These foods are typically high in unhealthy fats. Limit fatty cuts of meat: Choose lean protein sources like skinless poultry, fish, and lean cuts of beef or pork. Abstain from alcohol: Alcohol can be high in empty calories and can lower inhibitions, leading to overeating so Eliminate your this bad habit Practice abstinence from late-night snacking: Avoid eating close to bedtime, as the calories consumed late in the day may not be burned off and can contribute to weight gain. Avoid mindless snacking: Abstain from eating out of boredom or while distracted by screens. Practice mindful eating by savoring each bite and paying attention to hunger cues. Large Portion Sizes: Control portion sizes: Abstain from eating oversized portions. Use smaller plates and bowls, and measure your food to avoid overeating. Limit eating out: Dining at restaurants often means larger portions and hidden calories. Cook at home more often so you have control over your ingredients and portions. Address emotional eating: Abstain from using food as a coping mechanism for stress, sadness, or boredom. Seek healthier ways to deal with emotions, such as exercise, meditation, or talking to a therapist. Avoid prolonged sitting: Abstain from sitting for long periods. Incorporate more physical activity into your day by taking breaks to walk, stand, or stretch. Plan your meals and snacks: Abstain from spontaneous or impulsive snacking. Prepare healthy snacks in advance and stick to your meal schedule. Read food labels: Be mindful of hidden calories in condiments, sauces, and dressings. Opt for lower-calorie or homemade alternatives. Track Your Progress: Keep a food diary: Record what you eat, how much you eat, and when you eat. This can help you identify areas where you need to practice abstinence more effectively. Remember, while abstinence from certain foods and habits can be effective for weight loss, it’s important to do so in a balanced and sustainable way. Extreme restriction or deprivation can lead to unhealthy eating patterns and may not be sustainable in the long term. Always consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian before making significant changes to your diet or lifestyle. Choosing the right foods is crucial for a healthy and effective weight loss journey. Here’s a breakdown of the types of foods you should include in your diet and those you should avoid or limit: Foods to Include (Healthy Choices) Fruits and Vegetables: These are rich in vitamins, minerals, fiber, and antioxidants. They are low in calories and can help you feel full. Aim to fill half your plate with fruits and vegetables. Lean Proteins: Include sources like chicken breast, turkey, lean cuts of beef or pork, fish, tofu, beans, lentils, and low-fat dairy products. Protein helps maintain muscle mass and keeps you feeling satisfied. Whole Grains: Choose whole grains like brown rice, quinoa, whole wheat pasta, and oats. They provide complex carbohydrates and fiber, promoting fullness and steady energy levels. Healthy Fats: Incorporate sources of healthy fats such as avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil. These fats are essential for overall health and can help control hunger. Low-Fat Dairy: If you consume dairy, opt for low-fat or fat-free options like yogurt, milk, and cheese. These provide calcium and protein without excessive saturated fat. Water: Staying hydrated is essential. Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Sometimes thirst is mistaken for hunger, so proper hydration can help control your appetite. Herbs and Spices: Use herbs and spices to add flavor to your meals without adding extra calories or salt. Foods to Limit or Avoid (Unhealthy Choices): Processed Foods: Highly processed foods often contain excessive calories, unhealthy fats, added sugars, and sodium. Avoid items like sugary cereals, packaged snacks, and processed meats. Sugary Beverages: Cut out soda, fruit juices, energy drinks, and sugary coffee drinks. These can contribute to excess calorie intake without providing nutrients. Fast Food: Limit your consumption of fast food, which tends to be high in calories, unhealthy fats, and sodium. Fried and Fatty Foods: Avoid fried foods like French fries, fried chicken, and doughnuts. Also, limit your intake of foods high in saturated and trans fats. Added Sugars: Minimize foods and beverages with added sugars, such as candy, cookies, pastries, and sugary cereals. Check food labels for hidden sugars. Large Portion Sizes: Be mindful of portion sizes, especially when eating out. Restaurant portions are often larger than what you need. Late-Night Snacking: Abstain from eating close to bedtime, as the calories consumed late in the day may not be burned off and can contribute to weight gain. Mindless Eating: Avoid eating while distracted by screens or other activities. Practice mindful eating to savor each bite and be more aware of your hunger cues. Sedentary Lifestyle: Incorporate physical activity into your day to counteract a sedentary lifestyle. Regular exercise is essential for weight loss and overall health. Remember that a balanced and sustainable approach to weight loss is key. It’s not about depriving yourself but making healthier choices and developing long-term habits. Additionally, individual dietary needs and preferences may vary, so consider consulting a registered dietitian or healthcare professional for personalized guidance and support.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://americalisten.com/30-day-weight-loss/

2024-10-06T04:55:17Z

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en

White spot disease – what is it? At the outset, it is worth mentioning that this disease looks similar in both marine and freshwater aquariums. However, it is caused by two other types of ciliata. They differ in the structure of the macronucleus. In the case of freshwater, it is a disease caused by a parasite called Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich). In marine aquariums, we call this parasite as Cryptocaryon irritans. These dangerous protozoa can infect any fish species in the aquarium. Good to know: Did you know that Ichthyophthirius multifiliis as a parasite is large enough to be seen with the naked eye? It reaches up to 1.5 mm in length. Life cycle of ich: - Trophont – This stage is easy to observe, it’s characterized by small white spots on the body. Usually, at this stage, the parasite is introduced into the aquarium. Grow up in the body of the fish and then release the next generation into the water (as long as they do not close in cysts again are susceptible to medicines). - Tomont – Once encapsulated, the parasite develops in cysts. The cysts settle on the substrate (unfortunately, at this stage, the parasite is resistant to medicines). - Theront – Next stage begins when they free themselves from the cysts. The parasite starts looking for a fish host (at this stage, ich parasite is again susceptible to medicine). What does ich look like on fish – signs of ich Before giving examples of what are the symptoms of parasites in the aquarium, it is important to know that it is possible to make a mistake during diagnosis. If you are dealing with this disease for the first time, you should contact a specialist as soon as possible after noticing the first symptoms. Characteristic white spot disease is often confused with thrush, which has very similar symptoms. The main symptoms of ich in the aquarium: - The white dots on the body or gills are a sign of an infected fish. - Loss of appetite - There is noticeably heavier gill work. - Fish are scratching at the aquarium decorations. - The sudden death of the fish. How quickly can Ich kill a fish? If the fish are not treated or if the treatment is delayed for an extended period, the disease is likely to result in their demise. The ich infection is progressing rapidly, and fish may die within a few days. Furthermore, the parasite spreads throughout the aquarium and infects other fish. All will be lost if you don’t start treating your aquarium. Do you see signs of disease in your aquarium? Don’t wait! What causes ich in fish? - The most common cause of ich is the introduction of infected fish into the fish tank. - It’s possible to infect the aquarium if you use water from another tank. - If you purchase used equipment, disinfect it before putting it into the aquarium. If you don’t prepare this equipment, your aquarium could be exposed to ich. - You need to know that water quality is also crucial. It affects the fish immune system. Aquarium fish living in unclean water are much more susceptible to all kinds of diseases. Moreover, the treatment of fish will be much more difficult or even impossible. Therefore, we recommend taking care of water quality and frequent water changes. Treatment and prevent ich You should follow this sentence: “Prevention is better than cure.” Your fish will thank you. Don’t put them at unnecessary risk. Here are some suggestions on how to prevent not only ich, but also other fish diseases: - The first and the most important thing is quarantine new fish. I’m sure you want to see a new fish in your beautiful aquarium as soon as possible, but the smartest thing to do is to put every new fish in a quarantine tank. Do the same with new plants. The quarantine time for fish should be 4 to 6 weeks. In the case of plants, 2–3 weeks. To make sure the fish is in good shape, you can keep it for a bit longer, as the ich isn’t the only disease that can be found in aquariums. The quarantine process helps protect the aquarium from diseases and parasites. Raising the temperature will speed up the process of quarantine, but may increase stress on the fish. Their immunity will be diminished as a result. - The next point is also essential. Avoid increasing stress to your fish, this can lead to serious problems, such as weakened immunity. That’s why it’s so important to maintain proper water parameters! The main factors that increase stress: - improper diet, poor quality fish food - too much or too little water flow - poorly adjusted water parameters - Do not use accessories you have collected in the natural environment. These things might contain various types of parasites and could affect water parameters. If you notice the first symptoms of the disease, you need to act quickly. Unfortunately, the parasite will not be able to leave the aquarium. Furthermore, it will quickly multiply and spread to other fish. First of all, the sick fish should be quarantined, separated from the healthy fish. Then thoroughly disinfect the aquarium where the parasites have appeared. You should also consult a veterinarian who specializes in aquarium fish and follow his recommendations. - First, you can try increasing the temperature in the infected aquarium. This should be done slowly and carefully. It is worth noting that such a solution may increase the stress of the fish. Find out in advance if your fish can survive at higher temperatures. Elevated temperature causes the death of all stages of the parasite. - Another natural method is to increase the salinity of the aquarium water by adding aquarium salt. There should be no more than 10–15 grams of salt per 10 liters of water. You should change the salt water after 3–4 days to freshwater. Sadly, this approach, like the previous one, is not suitable for all fish, as some species are incapable of thriving in waters with higher salinity. - There are also substances that can help get rid of parasites. - Malachite green - Methylene blue - Potassium permanganate Note that these substances are toxic in high concentrations. When removing parasites and killing ich, they can also destroy the aquarium’s biology. Self-dosing is not recommended for beginners. When using them, follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and consult a specialist. To simplify use, we created AF Purify, which contains malachite green and methylene blue in a safe concentration. This product is designed for freshwater fish and aquariums with ich problems. Furthermore, AF Purify will improve the immunity of your friends. We recommend using it only in quarantine tanks, as it may stain the decoration. - For Cryptocaryon irritans, a proven method is the use of copper-based medicines. Please note that copper is toxic to corals and invertebrates. Before applying medication, place the host fish in a quarantine tank. Dose according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. It is also a good idea to use nutrient-rich foods to help the fish survive. - The disease isn’t harmful to corals, so you can simply remove all the fish from the infected aquarium and keep them in a quarantined tank. The parasite should die of starvation. This period can last from 4 to 8 weeks. - To help with these solutions, you can use UV sterilizers. They are not as effective as the previous methods, but they are worth mentioning

<urn:uuid:11618dff-42c8-44b4-8b39-50313ad230ad>

CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://aquaforest.eu/en/knowledge-base/aquarium-recovery/treat-ich-on-fish-understanding-treating-and-preventing-white-spot-disease/

2024-10-06T04:18:40Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253397.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20241006030248-20241006060248-00409.warc.gz

en

Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) is a heterogeneous group of diseases with various clinical and imaging findings. The incidence and prevalence have increased in recent years, probably due to better comprehension of these rare diseases and increased awareness among physicians. chILDs present with nonspecific pulmonary symptoms, such as tachypnea, hypoxemia, cough, rales, and failure to thrive. Unnecessary invasive procedures can be avoided if specific mutations are detected through genetic examinations or if typical imaging patterns are recognized on computed tomography. Disease knowledge and targeted therapies are improving through international collaboration. Pulmonary involvement in systemic diseases is not uncommon. Pulmonary involvement may be the first finding in connective tissue diseases. This review aims to present a systematic patient-targeted approach to the diagnosis of chILD.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://avesis.hacettepe.edu.tr/yayin/b4187ef3-97c1-4143-9dfc-169e23f51cdf/childhood-interstitial-lung-disease

2024-10-06T04:20:28Z

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AI can automate workflows and processes or work independently and autonomously from a human team. For example, AI can help automate aspects of cybersecurity by. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been used in applications throughout industry and academia. In a manner analogous to electricity or computers, AI serves as. 10 famous AI disasters. Feature. Apr 17, mins. Artificial IntelligenceGenerative AIMachine Learning For example, Driggs' group found that their own. We've rounded up ten practical AI applications across multiple industries that demonstrate how pervasive the technology has become in our everyday lives. Some of the most well-known artificial intelligence examples include IBM's Watson, Google's AlphaGo, and Apple's Siri. Each of these artificial. Non machine learning Ai examples: · Read member-only stories · Support writers you read most · Earn money for your writing · Listen to audio. Artificial intelligence is the ability of some machines to learn and to think. The term applies to a wide range of different kinds of technology. Examples of AI applications include expert systems, natural language processing (NLP), speech recognition and machine vision. As the hype around AI has. Examples of artificial general intelligence · IBM's Watson. Watson and other supercomputers are capable of calculations that the average computer can't handle. AI has a massive effect on your life, as well as your business. Here are some examples of AI that you may already be using daily. 8 Examples of Artificial Intelligence in Action · AI Example 1: Moderna's data and AI platform speeds mRNA development · AI Example 2: Mattel early-adopts AI. Improved student engagement: AI can be used to improve student engagement by providing interactive and engaging learning experiences. For example, AI-powered. We will explore some of the most popular and impactful artificial intelligence applications in various domains, such as e-commerce, healthcare, education. AI technologies are used in transportation to manage traffic, predict flight delays, and make ocean shipping safer and more efficient. Another way Alibaba uses artificial intelligence is in its City Brain project to create smart cities. The project uses AI algorithms to help reduce traffic jams. Generative AI is a category of artificial intelligence that can create new text, images, video, audio, or code. Learn how it works with Google Cloud. 8 Examples of Artificial Intelligence · 1. Maps and Navigation · 2. Facial Detection and Recognition · 3. Text Editors or Autocorrect · 4. Search and. Here are examples of machine learning at work in our daily life that provide value in many ways—some large and some small. Artificial intelligence (AI) makes it possible for machines to learn from experience, adjust to new inputs and perform human-like tasks. Most AI examples. Self-driving cars are a recognizable example of deep learning, since they use deep neural networks to detect objects around them, determine their distance from. Machine learning helps organizations improve and reinvent business processes, identify new market opportunities and mitigate known and unknown risks. Here are examples of machine learning at work in our daily life that provide value in many ways—some large and some small. Examples include expert systems, the Stockfish chess engine up until a few years ago, and the programs SHRDLU and Eliza. Stockfish now is a hybrid of ML and. AI can provide substantial support to research through the speed of analytics, the identification of patterns and the removal of human error. AI is a vast branch of computer science concerned with a development in software that allows computer systems to perform tasks that imitate human cognitive. Artificial intelligence transforms business operations by automating tasks, analyzing data, and enhancing decision-making. From automating repetitive processes. This blog details real-world examples of AI products used by several people from around the globe. Some common examples of AI-assisted robotics include order-picking robots in warehouses and agricultural robots that water crops at optimum times. Computer. Investments in AI have led to transformative advances now impacting our everyday lives, including mapping technologies, voice-assisted smart phones, handwriting.

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The views expressed in our content reflect individual perspectives and do not represent the authoritative views of the Baha'i Faith. Can any religion of the past now serve the needs of a rapidly-globalizing humanity with its diverse spectrum of spiritual beliefs? If so, what religion and which branch of it should we choose? Here are two even more pointed questions: Why would we think that any ancient religious prescriptions would still fit our current reality? And how could we justify imposing a religion from one culture or region of the world onto other cultures now served by other religions? The Baha’i teachings approach these critical questions by reminding us that the Promised Day is not about a return to past religions – instead, it promises a new Faith accessible to all. This principle recognizes that the world’s major religions share fundamental moral values, all essential to our collective security. Without them, character becomes perverted, strong or clever people find ways to take advantage of others, society becomes polarized, and violence, oppression, depression, chaos, inhumanity, and insecurity spread. RELATED: Where Do Love and Justice Unite? In this new day we continue to need the core values taught by every great Faith: honesty, trustworthiness, purity of motive, helpfulness, self-sacrifice, nobility, wisdom, forbearance, patience, caring, compassion, courage, forgiveness, self-discipline, unity, and many others. But in this age two specific moral virtues are of special concern: love and justice. The success of everything rests upon them. In 1 Corinthians 13, Saint Paul proclaimed that love is the prince of virtues, stronger even than faith and hope: Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It does not dishonor others, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres. So conceived, love is about not reacting quickly to perceived insults or wrongs, it’s about overlooking them, while forgiving, elevating, and protecting others. We will not long survive in this new day, when the world has contracted into a neighborhood, unless we learn to apply this ancient lesson. While love can be passive and tolerant, it also requires action. One of the strongest themes in the Qur’an is that God loves those who do good, those who are kind, and those who work deeds of righteousness. Both the Qur’an and hadith record Muhammad as saying: “None of you truly believes (in God and His religion) until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.” Love is the light that guideth in darkness, the living link that uniteth God with man, that assureth the progress of every illumined soul. Love is the most great law that ruleth this mighty and heavenly cycle, the unique power that bindeth together the divers elements of this material world, the supreme magnetic force that directeth the movements of the spheres in the celestial realms. Love revealeth with unfailing and limitless power the mysteries latent in the universe. Love is the spirit of life unto the adorned body of mankind, the establisher of true civilization in this mortal world, and the shedder of imperishable glory upon every high-aiming race and nation. While love is the cause of our being, and the light within us that draws us together, we now live in a world where much love has been lost or never established, and we need a foundation to move us towards love. We have been injured and we are distrusting. We have been abused and much of the world and its actors are unknown and unfamiliar to us. How can we trust and love them? What we crave when we have been wronged, and what we need when we want to build a better social order, is justice. It is, the Baha’i writings proclaim, “the best beloved of all things” in the sight of God. Little human progress can be accomplished without it. All people, made in the image of God, want to be treated with respect and fairness. Much of the agitation of the world occurs because people of many nations and races feel disrespected by the powerful of the world, recognizing that they have been treated unjustly. Thus, institutions that deliver true justice – not payback or retribution, but fairness – must be part of the foundation for humanity’s future well-being. Every past religious revelation has promised us justice, and the Baha’i teachings say that its time has finally come: “We exhort all believers,” Baha’u’llah wrote, “to observe justice and fairness and to show forth love and contentment.”

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paragraph on noise pollution in 100 words It is undoubtedly true that writing is an excellent way of learning, Writing a paragraph or an essay is an essential tool that helps students practice and improve their writing skills. Therefore, students are usually assigned writing exercises about several topics like noise pollution. The following paragraph is a good noise pollution paragraph for students. This paragraph tackles the following blueprints: What is noise pollution? Is noise a major sort of pollution? what are the main causes and effects of noise pollution? How to reduce noise pollution? Paragraph On Noise Pollution In 100 Words: How Do You Write A Noise Pollution Paragraph? What is noise pollution in short? paragraph on noise pollution in 100 words. Noise pollution is one of the major pollutions nowadays. When the amount of noise exceeds the normal harmless thresholds with respect to hearing acuity, it becomes noxious to humans, animals, and the ecosystem as a whole. In fact, noise pollution is omnipresent. There exist various factors of noise pollution on our planet. For example, road, rail, and air transportation are considered causes of noise pollution. Additionally, different professional and domestic appliances and devices that make our lives easier, like lawnmowers, televisions, mixers, washing machines, and vacuum cleaners contribute to noise pollution and have dangerous and harmful effects too. Consequently, noise pollution has a number of serious negative impacts on humans and wildlife as well. Firstly, noise pollution has harmful effects on human health: stress, sleep disorders, effects on the cardiovascular, immune, and endocrine systems, besides some other consequences on mental health. Secondly, high levels of noise might damage the eardrums and sometimes even lead to deafness. Thirdly, noise also affects animal species. For example, whales and dolphins are particularly threatened by underwater noise pollution the fact that might cause behavioral changes, and in some cases, the death of certain species. In short, people should be aware of the negative impact of noise pollution. Likewise, they must be encouraged to adopt a healthy lifestyle to avoid noise pollution. People should reduce noise pollution starting from their houses. That is to say, electronics should be used only when necessary. Car honking and playing loud music on roads and highways should be avoided. Social events like festivals, marriages, parties and other celebrations using firecrackers and high volume should be limited and regulated. As a result, If everyone starts doing the same on an individual level, people will surely be able to decrease noise pollution to a great level. Essay On Noise Pollution 300 Words When people speak of pollution they generally mean pesticides, acid rain, nuclear waste, and chemical sludge dumped into rivers. they rarely allude to noise, but, in my opinion, they should mention it because it is a major sort of pollution. I have heard of men firing on youngsters who bothered them with the roar made by their motorcycles. This is the typical behavior of individuals maddened by the permanent uproar of a big city, the din of the traffic, and the lack of sleep because of noisy neighbors. Noise is one of the most unpleasant features of modern life. Most governments have done their best to reduce noise: building barriers along highways to protect suburban houses from the sound of the traffic, putting bans on transistors in public places, issuing a law against people who disturb the peace at night, forbidding supersonic bangs, building new airports as far as possible from dwelling places. Levels of tolerance are recorded and statistics are produced to provide the basis for future legislation. That’s all very well but it is not enough. Nobody can protect people against themselves. I’m thinking of the personal stereo. Some may argue that is not noise but music. I agree but it is dangerous anyway. That permanent music, or whatever it is, in someone’s ears must prevent any kind of purposeful or disciplined mental activity. It is not uncommon to see people snapping their fingers, shaking their heads in a totally unconscious gesture. Many doctors now observe that more and more people are having hearing troubles at an early age. The permanent clash and thunder of our modern machinery together with the excessive use of earphones are said to be responsible for this.

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Contributed by: Healthians Team Dust allergy is a very common type of allergy that is caused mainly due to the presence of dust particles in the air. Those with dust allergies often take over-the-counter medications on a regular basis to get relief from the uncomfortable symptoms. What Are The Signs And Symptoms Of Dust Allergy? The most common symptoms of dust allergy include: - A runny nose - Sneezing and sniffling - Itchy and red eyes - Coughing and wheezing - Shortness of breath - Tightness in the chest While it can be challenging to get rid of dust mites altogether, there are several simple and powerful home remedies that can help you deal with allergies and eliminate the symptoms. If you suffer from a dust allergy, stay reading to learn about possible remedies and precautionary tips. Essential oils like lavender oil, eucalyptus oil etc. work wonders in curing dust allergies. Apart from therapeutic properties, these oils have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties that have shown to have high activity against house dust mites. Honey also works effectively in treating dust allergies and their symptoms. Honey contains small traces of local pollen, which is believed to help with dust allergies. This is most helpful for those who suffer from seasonal allergies since over time, consuming modest amounts of pollen via raw honey on a daily basis may make one less sensitive to it. Dehumidifiers are machines that remove moisture from the air, allowing it to dry out and thwarting the growth of mould. Dust mites and mould, which both prefer moist environments, are frequently to blame for dust allergies. Therefore, the best option for treating a dust allergy and its symptoms is a dehumidifier. Apple cider vinegar ACV is an effective remedy for treating dust allergies because it is not only expectorant but is also loaded with anti-inflammatory properties. This can help in treating dust allergy and the accompanying cold-like symptoms. Additionally, ACV also has antimicrobial properties that can prevent aggravation of allergy symptoms. One of the best all-natural treatments for dust allergy is turmeric. Curcumin, a key ingredient in this golden spice, has natural decongestant properties. Additionally, it functions as a natural antihistamine by lowering the body’s production of histamines, which would otherwise cause allergies to develop. Turmeric also possesses anti-inflammatory and antibacterial qualities that can stop an infection from developing from an allergy. Aloe vera is power-packed with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties that help prevent dust allergy. It can help treat the swelling and pain caused by dust allergies. However, there are no scientific studies supporting its effect on dust allergy. Vitamin C supplementation is widely known for its potential to treat dust and seasonal allergies. It not only prevents the release of histamines but also helps speed up their breakdown. Several studies indicate that peppermint has anti-inflammatory and decongestant properties. It contains a volatile oil called menthol that rises to the sinuses and acts as a natural decongestant, providing immediate relief from sneezing, wheezing, and a runny nose. This can help in relieving the symptoms of dust allergy. Green tea has been found to help treat a wide range of allergies. It is loaded with catechin called epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which has antioxidant properties and helps in reducing the effects of dust allergy. - Get rid of wall-to-wall carpeting, especially in your bedroom. - Try and keep your pets outside the bedroom - Keep your indoors humidity-free - Use mite-proof linens on your beds and pillows - Use a high-efficiency filter in your air conditioning unit - Schedule regular visits by the pest control services to keep cockroaches at bay - Keep your house clean and dust-free - Avoid direct exposure to fog, and cold weather, especially in the morning - Avoid cold drinks, ice creams, fried, and reheated foods - Eat seasonal and local fruits and vegetables While there’s no universally accepted diet for dust allergies, it is abundantly clear that any diet filled with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant-rich foods is good for your whole body. As an add-on, make a habit of taking preventive health checkups as they can help you in getting a complete insight into your health. This will also help you with taking measures to promote your overall well-being.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://blog.healthians.com/dust-allergy-follow-these-simple-home-remedies-to-reduce-symptoms/

2024-10-06T04:53:18Z

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The Nutritional Aspect On Controlling Blood Sugar Health Written by Melissa Bistricer, MS, RDN For further questions or concerns email me at [email protected] The average American is consuming an average of about 17 teaspoons of sugar per day, which approximately adds up to 60 pounds of added sugar yearly. To put that into perspective for you that is about 6, 10-pound bowling balls!† So How Does Blood Sugar Affect Our Bodies? Sugar can damage our joints, bones, skin, eyes, and almost every part of our bodies. Too much sugar in the body can lead to hyperglycemia when the body is overloaded with sugar in the blood and the body lacks enough insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is made by the pancreas and helps to control the amount of sugar in the bloodstream and move it into the cells for energy. Hyperglycemia is commonly seen with disease states such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Although medications like steroids, being inactive, consuming excessive carbohydrates, or not getting enough insulin can lead to hyperglycemia. Not taking care of high blood sugars can lead to long term and short term damages. The long term effects can include macrovascular (large) and microvascular (small) blood vessels. This can further lead to a heart attack, stroke, or problems with kidneys, eyes, gums, feet, or nerves. Routinely we want to measure the average blood sugar levels in the blood within the past 3 months called the Hemoglobin A1C value. The hemoglobin A1C level commonly is used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes to help manage prediabetes or diabetes.† Nutrients, herbs and protein are beneficial to helping keep blood sugar levels balanced and limit sugar cravings. The foods we eat today will affect us hours, weeks, days, years later. We have the ability to change our lifestyles to limit the chance of developing Type 2 Diabetes or metabolic syndrome through diet, exercise, and lifestyle modifications!† Medical Nutrition Therapy For Blood Sugar Carbohydrates which turn into glucose are our main source of energy and we need it for our brains to function properly. Different types of carbohydrates will have a different effect on the body. We have two types of carbohydrates which are simple to understand: complex and simple carbohydrates.† Complex carbohydrates have long chains of sugar molecules that take longer to break down providing longer lasting energy to the body. The body has the ability to break glucose down slower because the body has to first break down the fiber in complex carbs to access the energy. Simple carbohydrates have shorter chain sugar molecules which break down faster into the body for energy causing a spike in our blood sugars. This initial spike is sometimes referred to as a “sugar rush” from sugary foods such as a chocolate bar or a can of Coca Cola. The function of the carbohydrate is to provide our bodies with energy, where complex carbohydrates do this more effectively.† Let’s consider the types of food containing carbohydrates as complex and simple can be important for a healthy balanced overall diet. Sugar comes in many forms and is generally hidden in packaged foods. It is important to be aware of this and shop smarter not harder.† So Which Is Better: Complex Carbohydrates or Simple Carbohydrates? There is no right or wrong answer here as simple carbohydrates are presented in beneficial foods in our diets such as fruits, vegetables, milk and milk products. Foods we may want to limit or avoid from our diet are candies, sugary beverages, syrups, table sugar, fruit juice concentrates, processed foods with added sugar, such as baked goods or some cereals. Complex carbohydrates like white flour, white bread or cornmeal are missing the bran and germ resulting in lower fiber content having a lower nutritional value than whole grain foods. High complex carbohydrates that may help reduce the risk of Type 2 Diabetes are brown rice, barley, oats, spelt, legumes, vegetables, and nuts.† We learn that it is important to look at the whole food rather than the type of carbohydrate as complex and simple carbs both have beneficial foods to consume when looking to reduce the risk of a high blood sugar spike in the bloodstream.† Vitamins, Minerals & Herbs While we know that there is nothing like replacing a balanced diet rich in whole fruits, vegetables, grains, and unrefined/unprocessed foods there are several studies to show supplements supporting healthy blood sugar balance, aiding insulin production, and working to reduce insulin resistance.† –Chromium has been shown to aid in the regulation of insulin action and its effect on carbohydrates, protein, and lipid metabolism. Chromium picolinate has been studied to help with insulin resistance and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.† 1 –Gymnema Sylvestre shows that the nutrient may have therapeutic uses specifically on blood glucose-lowering potentials. Gymnemic acid has been shown to prevent the absorption of sugar molecules by the intestine, leading to a reduction in blood sugar levels.†2 –Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) is a powerful antioxidant that plays a role in supporting healthy blood sugar levels. ALA has the ability to help diabetics with peripheral neuropathy in pain due to free radicals being killed off. †3 –Cinnamon Bark Extract has been recently studied to assess if the consumption has an effect on fasting blood glucose, HgbA1c, and body mass index (BMI). The results indicated in national and international literature that cinnamon has an impact on reducing blood glucose levels in healthy individuals.†4 –Banaba Leaf extract comes from a native planet in the Philippines and Southeast Asia and has been researched to have an impact on anti-diabetic and anti-obesity factors. Corosolic acid in the Banaba extract has shown beneficial properties in various factors involving glucose regulation and metabolism. This includes cellular uptake of glucose, improved insulin sensitivity, and decreased gluconeogenesis, therefore lowering blood glucose levels.†5 The Blood Sugar Health Program has these nutrients within to unique formulas called Gluco HxⓇ and C-Betics HxⓇ. They are comprehensive supplements to help to support healthy blood sugar levels in conjunction with a healthy balanced diet.† For further questions or concerns related to dietary and nutritional supplement recommendations email me at [email protected] - A scientific review: the role of chromium in insulin resistance. Diabetes Educ. 2004;Suppl:2-14. PMID: 15208835. - Khan, F., Sarker, M., Ming, L., Mohamed, I., Zhao, C., Sheikh, B., Tsong, H. and Rashid, M., 2022. Comprehensive Review on Phytochemicals, Pharmacological and Clinical Potentials of Gymnema sylvestre. [online] frontiers in pharmacology. Available at: <https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2019.01223/full> [Accessed 22 March 2022]. - Mount Sinai Health System. 2022. Alpha-lipoic acid Information | Mount Sinai – New York. [online] Available at: <https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/supplement/alpha-lipoic-acid#:~:text=Several%20studies%20suggest%20alpha%2Dlipoic,and%20legs%20from%20nerve%20damage.> [Accessed 9 June 2022]. - Nildem Kizilaslan, Nihal Zekiye Erdem, “The Effect of Different Amounts of Cinnamon Consumption on Blood Glucose in Healthy Adult Individuals”, International Journal of Food Science, vol. 2019, Article ID 4138534, 9 pages, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4138534 - Miura T, Takagi S, Ishida T. Management of Diabetes and Its Complications with Banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa L.) and Corosolic Acid. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:871495. doi:10.1155/2012/871495

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2024-10-06T03:18:59Z

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- 87,99 € This book discusses current challenges related to teaching geography, mainly at the secondary school and higher education level. Focusing on a range of current topics, different methods, techniques, materials, applications, and approaches to geography education with a regional Central European perspective, the book makes an original contribution to the field. Most of the chapters aims at the practical development of the themes such as geography curriculum (Part I), global education, inquiry-based education, project-based learning, case studies, powerful teaching (Part II), using of information and communication technologies (Part III) in geography teaching. The final part (Part IV) covers some geopolitical, and socio-geographical aspects of the aforementioned Central European former communist countries from the point of view how to teach them with various methods. Therefore, the book can appeal to many geography or science students, researchers and educators studying geography education around the world.

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2024-10-06T05:21:14Z

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Next, let’s start coding the “Ball” class. Open up the “Ball” file and add the code as shown here. For this “Ball” class, we’re going to pretty much use the same class variables as the last project. (If you need a refresher on any of these, feel free to go back to that project and take a look.) The main differences here are with the last two class variables. The “canvas” variable is a reference to the “CanvasPanel” so we can communicate with it. “Ellipse2D” will be used to draw the circle, its a little more advanced than how we drew before, but it will be needed for this project. Also notice on the top that we have the keyword implements. This means that this class is trying to be a part of an interface, here it is the “Sprite” interface. Right now there is an error because it hasn’t completed the requirements/rules of the “Sprite” interface yet, we’ll fix this soon. Next, add the code as shown here to complete the “Ball” constructor. Here we setup the x, y, and canvas, variables to be what was given by the parameters. We also create our “Ellipse2D” using the parameters, it works very similar to before, you give it an x and y and a height and width. Lastly, we tell this canvas to add this sprite to it with the “addSprite” function. We haven’t made this function yet but we will soon. Next, add the code as shown here to satisfy the requirements for “Ball” to implement the “Sprite” interface. We’re going to code this more later on, but for now we’re mainly just trying to satisfy the requirements of “Sprite” so we can get rid of all the errors in this file. Don’t forget to use the “@Override”, this is what tells Java these functions are used to satisfy the requirements of implementing an interface. Before we move on, double check your code from this section for any errors. There’s going to be a lot more setup for this project before we can test anything out, so the more you keep an eye out for errors the better. Once we’ve finished our main setup, we’ll be able to test a lot more.

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Understanding PCB Impedance and Building an Impedance PCB Calculator Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are fundamental components in modern electronics, serving as the backbone for connecting various electronic components. One crucial aspect of designing a PCB is impedance control, which ensures signal integrity and reliable operation. To understand and calculate PCB impedance accurately, we must consider factors such as dielectric constant, trace width, trace height, and trace thickness. In this article, we’ll delve into these elements and provide you with a formula to calculate PCB impedance. Additionally, we’ll provide an HTML code for an Impedance PCB Calculator with a clickable button to simplify your calculations. Factors Affecting PCB Impedance - Dielectric Constant (ε): The dielectric constant is a measure of a material’s ability to store electrical energy in an electric field. It plays a vital role in determining the impedance of a PCB. Different materials have varying dielectric constants, and this parameter directly affects the PCB’s impedance. A higher dielectric constant generally results in lower impedance. - Trace Width (W): The width of a PCB trace also influences its impedance. Wider traces typically have lower impedance, as they offer lower resistance and inductance. Narrow traces, on the other hand, tend to have higher impedance. - Trace Height (H): Trace height refers to the distance between the copper trace and the reference plane (usually the ground plane) beneath it. Increasing the trace height generally increases impedance, as it results in a longer path for the signal to travel through. - Trace Thickness (T): The thickness of the copper trace on the PCB affects its impedance. Thicker traces have lower impedance due to reduced resistance. Conversely, thinner traces result in higher impedance. The PCB Impedance Formula To calculate PCB impedance (Z), we can use the following formula: Z = [87 / SQRT(ε + 1.41)] * ln[5.98H / (.8W + T)] This formula incorporates the dielectric constant (ε), trace width (W), trace height (H), and trace thickness (T) to determine the impedance of your PCB. Understanding PCB impedance is essential for designing reliable electronic circuits. Factors such as dielectric constant, trace width, trace height, and trace thickness all play a role in determining PCB impedance. The provided formula allows you to calculate PCB impedance accurately.

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en

You might have noticed more hair in your comb or pillow and wondered if it’s something you should worry about. Hair loss affects millions worldwide, significantly impacting their quality of life. Let’s take a closer look at this common yet misunderstood issue and explore hair transplant in Turkey cost. Hair Beyond the Surface The journey begins with understanding what hair is and how it grows. Hair isn’t merely a feature that enhances your appearance; it follows a growth cycle that many factors can influence. When this cycle is disrupted, it can lead to various forms of hair loss, ranging from pattern baldness to alopecia areata. Understanding what causes hair loss is the first crucial step toward finding the right solution. Here, we delve into the common causes that might be contributing to your hair loss. Genetic Factors and Hair Loss Genetics, also known as Androgenetic Alopecia, can play a huge role in hair loss. If you have family members who have experienced hair loss, you might be genetically predisposed to it. This condition is characterized by a receding hairline, balding on the top of the head in men, and thinning hair along the crown of the scalp in women. Hormonal Imbalances and Their Role in Hair Loss Hormonal changes can cause a type of hair loss called Telogen Effluvium. Pregnancy, childbirth, menopause, thyroid disorders, and PCOS can disrupt hormonal balance, leading to excessive hair shedding. Fortunately, once hormones stabilize, hair often begins to grow back. The Impact of Lifestyle Choices on Hair Health Your lifestyle choices could be unknowingly causing your hair to fall out. Excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and a diet lacking essential nutrients can all contribute to hair loss. Furthermore, certain hairstyles that pull on the hair, like tight ponytails or braids, can lead to Traction Alopecia. The Role of Stress and Hair Loss Stress is another significant factor that can trigger hair loss. High-stress levels can push hair follicles into a resting phase, resulting in hair shedding. This condition, Telogen Effluvium, can be caused by significant life events such as severe illness, major surgery, or intense emotional stress. Nutrition and Hair Health One often overlooked aspect of hair health is nutrition. A balanced diet is good for your body and essential for your hair. Vitamins, minerals, and certain nutrients are critical for maintaining healthy hair and addressing deficiencies that might be causing your hair to shed. Traditional and Natural Remedies for Hair Loss Traditional and natural remedies have been used for centuries to promote hair health and combat hair loss. These remedies often focus on holistic approaches and leverage the power of nature to improve hair growth and density. Let’s explore some of these traditional and natural remedies. Oils, Herbs, and Their Benefits for Hair Health A vast array of oils and herbs is known for their hair-boosting properties. Coconut oil, for example, is rich in fatty acids and penetrates deep into the hair follicles, promoting hair growth. Similarly, rosemary oil is believed to increase cellular metabolism, stimulating hair growth. Herbs like Aloe Vera are used to soothe the scalp and reduce inflammation, creating a healthier environment for hair growth. Fenugreek, another potent herb, is rich in proteins and nicotinic acid and can help rebuild hair follicles, reducing hair thinning and baldness. Medical Treatments for Hair Loss When traditional and natural remedies aren’t sufficient to combat hair loss, medical treatments come into play. From topical solutions to surgical procedures, modern medicine offers a range of options to slow down hair loss and promote hair growth. Over-the-Counter Solutions: Minoxidil and Finasteride Minoxidil (Rogaine) and Finasteride (Propecia) are two FDA-approved, over-the-counter medications for hair loss. Minoxidil, available as a topical solution or foam, prolongs the growth phase of hair follicles. On the other hand, Finasteride, an oral medication, inhibits the production of a hormone known to shrink hair follicles. The Science Behind Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Treatment PRP therapy is a relatively new but promising treatment for hair loss. It involves drawing your blood, processing it to extract the platelet-rich plasma, then injecting this into your scalp. The growth factors in your blood cells can help stimulate hair growth. Laser Therapy: What You Need to Know Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a non-invasive treatment for hair loss. It uses the process of photo-biomodulation to stimulate hair follicles, promoting growth. While research is still ongoing, some studies suggest that LLLT can effectively treat hereditary hair loss. Hair Transplant Surgery: The Last Resort? Hair transplant surgery involves moving small plugs of skin, each containing a few hairs, from fuller areas of your scalp to balding areas. This procedure has advanced significantly over the years and can produce natural-looking results. However, as with any surgical procedure, it carries risks and should be considered a last resort after exploring other treatments. Look for the best hair transplant Turkey package. As the average cost for hair transplant in Turkey is roughly €1600 – €2450 Lifestyle Modifications for Hair Health Hair loss is not only about what you put on your scalp or ingest; it’s also about how you live your life. Stress management, regular exercise, and a healthy hair care routine can significantly impact your hair health and slow down hair loss. Finding the right remedy for hair loss is a journey that requires patience, perseverance, and a positive outlook. Embrace this journey, and remember, you’re not alone. Countless resources, treatments, and support systems are available to help you navigate the path to better hair health.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://canadadiary.ca/from-nature-to-science-exploring-solutions-for-hair-loss/

2024-10-06T03:26:09Z

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Cartography is a fascinating discipline that has played a crucial role in understanding the world throughout the centuries. In the 17th century, this science was booming, and among the renowned cartographers of that time, Nicolas Sanson d'Abbeville stands out as one of the most famous. In this article, we will explore the life and work of Nicolas Sanson, from his youth in Abbeville to his fame as a renowned cartographer. The youth of Nicolas Sanson d'Abbeville Nicolas Sanson was born on December 20, 1600 in Abbeville, in the north of France. Son of Thomas Sanson, he came from a well-established family in the region, his father being a local notable, merchant, consul, alderman, and financier of the city. It was in this environment that Nicolas grew up, but he would soon turn to a passion that would mark his life. From his youth, Nicolas Sanson showed an exceptional interest in cartography. While he was still a student, he undertook the creation of a map of Ancient Gaul, based on the comments of Julius Caesar. This early act reveals his innate talent for cartography, but he will take a different path at first. In accordance with his father's expectations, Nicolas opened a cloth business in Abbeville after his marriage to Elisabeth Le Moictier in 1621, putting his passion for cartography on hold. Nicolas Sanson, the famous cartographer In 1627, Nicolas's destiny took a decisive turn. He decides to liquidate his business in Abbeville to follow his passion for cartography and moves to Paris. It was there that he began to make a name for himself in the world of cartography. His first major achievement, the map of Gaul, created during his youth, attracted the attention of Cardinal Richelieu. Nicolas Sanson thus becomes Engineer-Geographer to the King, a prestigious position which allows him to work on large-scale cartographic projects. In 1632, he published his famous "Carte des Postes de France", which quickly became a reference of the time. After several years of fruitful collaboration with the Parisian publisher Melchior Tavernier, Nicolas Sanson decided to launch his own publishing house and obtained the necessary privilege to personally publish his works. The legacy of Nicolas Sanson However, Nicolas Sanson's life was not without tragedy. In 1648, his eldest son, Nicolas, intended to take over, died prematurely. When Nicolas Sanson died in 1667, it was his two other sons, Guillaume and Adrien, who continued to sell his maps, thus perpetuating his cartographic legacy. In 1692, Nicolas's sons sold the geography collection to Pierre-Moulart-Sanson, grandson of the famous cartographer. This fund will then pass into the hands of the famous Geographer of the King, Gilles Robert de Vaugondy, thus ensuring the continuity of Nicolas Sanson's reputation in the field of cartography. Nicolas Sanson d'Abbeville left an indelible mark on the world of 17th century cartography. His early passion for cartography, hard work and exceptional talent made him one of the most renowned cartographers of his time. His legacy lives on through the generations, through his sons and those who have continued his work. Thus, Nicolas Sanson remains an emblematic figure of French cartography, whose maps continue to inspire and inform to this day.

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https://carteancienne.com/en/blogs/info/nicolas-sanson-d-abbeville-en

2024-10-06T03:34:58Z

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Every year on May 5th the world celebrates International Saiga Day. The idea of creating a holiday arose in December 2010, when representatives of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Russia gathered in Uralsk at a seminar organized as part of the “SOS Saiga!” project. The saiga or saiga is a steppe antelope with an unusual proboscis. The beast can be considered unique: it appeared 50-70 thousand years ago, saw the era of mammoths and lived to this day. But such a long history does not help it survive in the modern world – the species is considered endangered. There are 5 main populations of the species, 3 of which are in Kazakhstan, one in Russia (Kalmykia) and one in Mongolia. Some saigas winter in Uzbekistan. In 1996, the saiga was included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It is not included in the Red Book of Kazakhstan, but belongs to the species for which hunting is now completely prohibited. Therefore, from the point of view of the law, responsibility for its illegal production is the same as for a “Red Book species”. Single individuals of saiga from the Betpakdala-Arys group are found in the southwestern part of the territory of the Ile-Balkhash reserve. photo: Rostislav Mashin/WWF Russia

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https://centralasiaclimateportal.org/may-5th-international-saiga-day/

2024-10-06T05:20:53Z

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What is Proof of History? Proof-of-history (PoH) is a type of consensus mechanism that is used by the Solana blockchain to establish a verifiable record of events. It allows the network to agree on the order in which events occurred, even if some of the participants in the network are trying to deceive or manipulate the system. In a PoH system, a trusted third party (called a “chronometer”) creates a record of events and broadcasts it to the network. This record, called a “timestream,” is used as a reference point for the rest of the network to agree on the order in which events occurred. The PoH mechanism is used in conjunction with the Solana blockchain’s proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus algorithm. It allows the Solana network to achieve fast, secure, and decentralized consensus on the state of the network, while also enabling the efficient scaling of the platform to support a high volume of transactions.

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https://chucky.ro/what-is-proof-of-history/

2024-10-06T04:14:55Z

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Methods For Loosening And Removing Earwax Methods For Loosening And Removing Earwax: Earwax is a natural defence mechanism in our bodies, but what happens when there is too much of it? Earwax buildup can be bothersome and, in rare cases, impair your hearing. As a result, in this post, we’ll discuss the finest techniques for removing earwax, such as massages, home cures, and medical treatments. Here’s how to securely remove the vexing earwax. Gently rub the pinna to remove the earwax. While expanding and closing your mouth, make gradual, circular motions. Oil, warm water, or hydrogen peroxide are home methods for eliminating earwax. If all else fails, consult your doctor about prescription ear drops or cleaning your ears. Massage the outside of the ear. Rub your outer ear gently to dislodge the earwax. Tilt your head to one side and place your finger on the pinna. Use gentle, circular strokes to loosen and remove earwax from the ear canal. To remove the wax, pull on your earlobe while slowly opening and closing your mouth. Ear massage works best with additional procedures such as ear drops or warm water. Pure essential oils Natural oils can be used to soften earwax. Tilt your head and place 1 to 2 drops of oil in your ear, such as baby oil or olive oil. Massage your pinna gently to work the oil into it and release the earwax. Some oil may escape from your ear as you straighten your head. With a rag, catch the excess oil and wipe it away. Warm water can dissolve, and rinse out earwax. Fill a bucket syringe halfway with warm water and gently press it into your ear. Then lean your head to one side and allow the water to drain. If your ears are still blocked, rinse them twice or three times with warm water. Consider preparing a saline solution by combining salt and water if ordinary water is ineffective. Alternatively, soak a washcloth in warm water and place it over your ear for 5 to 10 minutes. Ear wax removal kit Earwax removal kits sold over the counter are effective at removing earwax. Tilt your head for about 1 minute to allow the droplets to stay in your ear canal, then let them drip off. Peroxide of hydrogen To dissolve earwax, use hydrogen peroxide. Drop 1 to 2 drops of hydrogen peroxide into your ear with an eyedropper. Then, using warm water, clean your ear canal. Mild skin irritation or redness may result from the usage of hydrogen peroxide. If you feel irritation or burning, stop immediately and clean your ear. Drops on prescription Request that your doctor prescribes more substantial ear drops. If you’ve tried home cures that don’t work after a few days, consult your doctor about getting a prescription. These earwax drops are medical quality and safe for your ears. They soften the earwax, allowing it to slip out naturally. Finally, have your ears cleaned by an ear doctor. Sometimes tenacious earwax builds up to the point that home cures are no longer effective. Use water tweezers or a metal tool to remove earwax properly without harming your ears. They will analyse your symptoms and determine the best course of treatment for you. Earwax is an essential component of our body’s antibacterial defence mechanism. Too much earwax is annoying, but you must always have some earwax in your ears. Never remove earwax using cotton swabs (Q-tips) or other tiny items. Such things can force earwax farther into the ear canal, potentially damaging the eardrum. Brought To You By – Ear Wax Removal Southport

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://click2check.net/methods-for-loosening-and-removing-earwax/

2024-10-06T05:19:17Z

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en

After delays due to COVID, the much-anticipated COP26 triggered a new wave of climate hope as countries from across the world agreed that more urgently needs to be done to prevent a dangerous rise in global atmospheric temperatures. With COP27 just around the corner, we are looking back at what has changed since last year’s conference and what we can expect from this year’s climate negotiations. COP27 is taking place in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, for two weeks starting on November 6th. Countries will come together at a critical time amid war, rising inflation, and a global energy crisis. The effects of climate change are only getting worse, the devasting floods in Pakistan and famine in Africa are signs that time is quickly running out. With the ultimate goal of the conference in dispute, the primary debate at COP27 is predicted to be over who pays the cost of global warming, the rich polluting countries that are most responsible, or poorer nations suffering the worst effects. The phasing out of fossil fuels is also expected to be a hot topic, with a focus on developing nations making the transition to renewable energy. These vulnerable nations want to see a monetary commitment to help them mitigate and adapt to the climate-fuelled disasters they are regularly experiencing. These funds will be used in a variety of ways from relocating vulnerable villages to making up for the loss of economic growth due to extreme weather events such as droughts and floods. The United States among other industrialised nations have so far opposed the creation of such a fund, primarily due to fears of being held legally liable for the ever-increasing number of damages. As the conference is taking place in Africa, many attendees hope that there will be more focus on developing countries. While the summit is smaller than last year’s one in Glasgow, there are still expected to be over 35,000 delegates and 100 heads of state. With no major decisions expected according to members of the UN, this is an impressive turnout. Previous conferences have experienced protests in many forms from marches to hunger strikes, among other forms of civil disobedience highlighting the urgency of the climate emergency. This year is expected to be no different, with Egyptians planning protests to raise awareness of Egypt’s appalling human rights record. However, President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi’s government has banned any kind of demonstration meaning their occurrence is not guaranteed. Sameh Shoukry said that they would allow some demonstrations to take place at COP27 as long as they are within a facility adjacent to the conference centre. During last year’s conference, nations made pledges to be more ambitious in tackling climate change. However, a recent United Nations report has revealed that roughly only two dozen countries have successfully followed through and made pledges for stronger action. The Glasgow Pact was agreed upon by nearly 200 nations, requesting countries to revisit their emission targets by the end of 2022 and strengthen them to ensure that the global climate target of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees is achieved. Developed countries were urged to at least double their climate financing for adaption by 2025 as the decade-old promise to deliver $100 billion annually by 2020 had failed to be met. Several other pledges were developed by countries, including the pledge to reduce methane emissions by 30% during this decade. Many other countries agreed to phase out their coal plants and gasoline-powered vehicles over the coming decades. In a bid to save the remaining biodiversity, 130 countries agreed to halt deforestation by 2030 alongside committing large sums of money towards the effort. So far, evidence of the progress of these agreements is lacking, but some countries have started to kick into action. For example, to make a meaningful move away from fossil fuels and towards emission-free energy, the United States passed a law to invest $370 billion this year to help facilitate the transition. COP27 will demonstrate whether the international community is capable of responding to the ever-increasing urgency of the global climate crisis. Pledges need to be turned into meaningful action to avoid the worst effects of climate change and protect those who are most vulnerable.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://climate-wise.com/what-can-we-expect-from-cop27-after-the-pledges-made-at-cop26/

2024-10-06T05:16:16Z

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en

Some animals, especially those that have been around for a long time in evolutionary terms, possess extraordinary abilities to regenerate lost limbs or organs. These animals, such as flatworms, salamanders and zebrafish, are not at all closely related, suggesting that the ability to regenerate goes far back in evolutionary time. Is it possible to find a common set of genes for regeneration, that could unlock a new understanding of this process? Well, no, according to a recent study by scientists at the University of California, Davis and Caltech. A comparison of the expression of thousands of genes from six animals capable of extensive regeneration (axolotl, zebrafish, anemone, flatworm, sea sponge and sea cucumber) found little evidence of a core conserved trait, but does point to some new areas to investigate. The study was published June 24 in Genome Biology and Evolution. “We’re looking at genes that control regeneration in many animals that are not closely related,” said associate professor David Gold in the UC Davis Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences. “Is it an ancient trait that we have lost, or did different animals arrive at it independently?” Comparing RNA sequences Noémie Sierra, a graduate student in Gold’s lab, developed a novel approach to compare publicly available RNA sequence data for these six animals. RNA sequencing identifies genes that are actively producing proteins. It has previously been very difficult to compare this kind of data across species and studies, Gold said. Sierra and Gold’s approach combined orthologous (similar) genes into clusters and used a novel statistical method to look for enrichment of particular genes. However, their analysis provided little support for the hypothesis of a shared, ancestral set of regeneration genes, with the possible exception of a family of signaling genes called Wnt. “We know Wnt signaling is important, but this is a big family of genes and they all use different versions,” Gold said. Most of the genes sorted into the orthologous clusters have a structural function -- building body tissues. Perhaps ironically, the study shows that large-scale comparisons of RNA across widely divergent species in not a useful approach for this particular problem. “We have to move past broad comparisons into a deeper study of model animals,” Gold said. Coauthors on the paper are Noah Olsman, Lynn Yi, Lior Pachter and Lea Goentoro at the Caltech. The work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://climatechange.ucdavis.edu/blog/no-evidence-common-set-regeneration-genes

2024-10-06T03:16:29Z

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Bitcoin’s consensus algorithm, known as Proof of Work, was a one-size-fits-all solution at the start of the network. However, I believe that the algorithm is fraught with a number of problems that make it a suboptimal solution at best and an unsuitable solution for the future of finance and the internet at worst. Since the Bitcoin network started in 2009, developers and researchers have explored the role of consensus and isolated components in order to arrive at better solutions. Joe Petrowski is Technical Integrations Lead at the Web3 Foundation, which funds research and development teams that build the technology stack of the decentralized web. Before getting into blockchains, he worked on satellite launches. As a general technical rule, modular systems are more specialized, more powerful and easier to maintain. However, this is easier to justify with physical systems than with software. For example, cars have a standard interface for connecting a tire, and consumers can buy tires that are suitable for their environment or time of year, such as summer, rain, or snow. It would be inefficient, expensive and tedious if the axles had to be removed and the entire engine dismantled to change tires. The same principle applies to software design. Breaking down large problems into smaller, individual problems makes it possible to operate and maintain the entire system more efficiently. Proof of Work is entangled in a number of other processes that take place on a so-called blockchain. In this article, I want to analyze the original problems that Proof of Work was supposed to solve and introduce new problems that have emerged since then. And I want to show ways how blockchains like Polkadot use Proof of Stake to create a more robust platform. The basics of the proof of stake Consensus is mostly seen as a stand-alone problem that needs to be resolved. Especially when it comes to securing public networks that do not require approval, finding consensus involves three problems that can be solved individually: participation, authorship and finality. First: who can participate? Anyone with a CPU can participate in a proof-of-work system. In other words: the number of participants is open and anyone can participate at any time. At first glance, this may seem ethically advantageous, but it also has many disadvantages. Specifically, the fact that malicious users participate in secret, undermine projects, and reveal their participation late. Proof-of-stake systems, on the other hand, have numerous algorithms for selecting participants. For reasons that we will discuss later here, most Proof of Stake systems only elect a finite number of participants for a finite amount of time. For this, Polkadot uses what is known as a sequential choice of phrases. This is a concept for an optimized voting process that comes from the Swedish actuary Lars Edvard Phragmen. On this basis, the number of participants (“validators”) is determined every 24 hours. In this system anyone can participate in any election with a stake (“token”), but the number of participants is limited to a finite number – the election winners – for a period of 24 hours until the next election. Validator candidates do not need a large amount of tokens themselves. In addition, other voters (“nominators”) can support multiple validators whom they trust. The result of the phrase choice is the set of validators that maximizes the total stake and minimizes the variance of the stake among the winners. In contrast to other proof-of-stake consensus procedures, the power of a Polkadot validator does not depend on the level of his commitment; the validator with the lowest stake has the same voting power for the consensus as the one with the highest stake. This “one-validator-one-vote” system, combined with the optimization from Phragmen’s model, prevents oligarchies from taking over the network with a small number of validators. Who will create the next block? Second, a consensus algorithm has to decide who is allowed to write the next block in the blockchain. Ultimately, the block does not have to be accepted, but if every participant suggests a block in each round, the system would be flooded with possible blocks. With Proof of Work, the solution is inherent in the system and also the reason why Proof of Work uses so much energy. Miners hash random numbers together with a block in the hopes of finding a low enough output to propose their block. The Bitcoin network consumes virtually no energy to process transactions; it uses almost 100 percent of its energy to determine which participant (“miner”) is allowed to create the next block. It is different with Proof of Stake: Since the number of participants is finite and known at any given point in time, the algorithms that the block authors select do not have to allow an unlimited number of block authors. The algorithms can use other block production rights allocation schemes ranging from simple Round robin method up to complex random schemes. Polkadot uses an algorithm called Blind Assignment for Blockchain Extension (BABE). Time is divided into slots and the validators use a verifiable random function to claim specific slots based on their private keys. Compared to the round robin selection, BABE ensures that only a block author knows when it is his turn to write a block and at the same time can prove his rights with a digital signature. This method prevents attackers from bringing the blockchain to a standstill by selectively attacking every next author individually. Disclaimer: This article is generated from the feed and not edited by our team.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://coincapcentral.com/2021/09/alternatives-to-crypto-mining-why-polkadot-relies-on-proof-of-stake/

2024-10-06T04:07:27Z

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en

Some write-intensive programs on the Raspberry Pi ensure that the service life of the MicroSD card, which the Pi uses as a boot medium, is quickly reduced. This is logical, because SD cards were actually designed as a storage medium for digital cameras. Writing takes place with every image or video, but nowhere near as frequently as with 24/7 operation of a write-intensive application on the Raspberry Pi. Write-intensive applications are, for example, game servers, logging and databases. Such an SD card is not suitable as storage for an operating system. It therefore makes sense to move the operating system of the Raspberry Pi to a USB SSD or USB HDD. To do this, we first need a USB SSD or HDD. I use the Intenso SSD on my PI, which is perfectly adequate. If you want more memory, you can use the Samsung models: SSDs also wear out through write operations, but significantly slower than SD cards. If a program is running on the Raspberry Pi that writes a lot, you can also use a USB-HDD: A sufficiently powerful power supply is required to operate a USB medium on the Raspberry Pi: Activate Raspberry Pi USB boot There are various approaches that lead to the goal. First of all, we have to differentiate between the Raspberry 3 and Raspberry 4. The 4th version of the single-board computer supports USB boot by default, whereas with the previous version we first have to activate USB boot. Raspberry Pi 3: Activate USB boot To activate the USB boot on the Raspberry Pi 3, we need a Raspian on an SD card (recommendations for the Raspberry Pi). This command installs USB boot for the Raspberry Pi: echo program_usb_boot_mode=1 | sudo tee -a /boot/config.txt The Raspberry Pi must now be restarted once for the settings to be applied: Then check whether the parameter has been set correctly: vcgencmd otp_dump | grep 17: The output should be “17:3020000a”. The Raspberry Pi can then be shut down and the USB boot medium can be connected. Activate Raspberry Pi 4 USB boot With the Raspberry Pi 4, all models that have the Eeprom Boot Loader in a version from or after September 3, 2020 are capable of booting via USB by default. This can be easily checked: The Raspberry Pi must be connected to a monitor without a boot medium and supplied with power. The Eeprom Boot Loader will appear shortly and display the version. If the displayed version is older, the Eeprom Boot loader must be updated. For this we need the Raspberry Pi Imager and a microSD card. Now select the SD card and click on “Write”. Once the microSD card has been written to, simply insert it back into the Raspberry Pi and reboot. The update is carried out automatically. Now all you have to do is insert the USB boot medium and the Raspberry Pi will boot.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://cybertalk.io/en/boot-raspberry-pi-from-usb-drive/

2024-10-06T04:17:54Z

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en

The terrifying concept of wild birds turning upon humans was presented to cinema audiences in 1963 with the release of Alfred Hitchcock’s screen adaptation of Daphne du Maurier’s short story, The Birds, first published in 1952. The idea was not entirely new, however, and in today’s post I’m going to focus on two earlier novels: Melville Davisson Post’s The Revolt of the Birds (1927) and Frank Baker’s The Birds (1936.) Dust jacket of the first edition The binding, blind-stamped with gilt images of birds in flight West Virginian lawyer and author Melville Davisson Post (1871-1930) is perhaps best remembered now as a crime writer, and the creator of such brilliant detectives as Uncle Abner, Randolph Mason, Colonel Braxton and Sir Henry Marquis of Scotland Yard. A qualified lawyer, he had travelled in Europe and beyond, and his prolific output reflects both his wide experiences and love of the great outdoors. The Revolt of the Birds was published in New York by Appleton in 1927, three years before Post died following a fall from his horse. The Revolt of the Birds is set in the China Sea, and – rather like an M.R. James ghost story – is relayed through an anonymous narrator as he listens to Bennett, a seaman with the notorious Wu Fan Shipping Company. The two men are seated in a warehouse bar in Hong Kong. Bennett, an Englishman, has a copy of The Times and The Passing of Arthur which shows ‘quaint pictures of the three queens, who came in the legend, in a mystic barge to take Arthur to Avalon.’ When they start discussing whether or not such a thing could ever happen, the conversation shifts to strange happenings in the Orient and Bennett begins to tell his tale – about Arthur Hudson, his unhappy affair with an English girl, his dreams of a mysterious ‘slender, dark-haired girl’ who always appears with a flock of birds around her or beside her, and his quest to find this girl in the islands of the China Sea…. The Revolt of the Birds differs from Du Maurier’s story in one very significant point – the intention of the birds towards the humans – but it introduced the idea of a large number of birds acting together in concert against the laws of nature. There had been some precedents for this idea – Arthur Machen’s The Terror (1917), for example, features sustained attacks on Cornish folk from an array of wild animals, including birds and moths. The disturbing suggestion that individual birds might work together in order to carry out an organised mass attack also appeared in Philip Macdonald’s short-story ‘Our Feathered Friends’ which was published in Lady Cynthia Asquith’s anthology When Churchyards Yawn (London: Hutchinson, 1931.) Macdonald actually worked as a screenwriter on Hitchcock’s Rebecca (1940) – also an adaptation of a Du Maurier story – and ‘Our Feathered Friends’ was reprinted in the anthology Alfred Hitchcock Presents: Stories for Late at Night (New York: Random House, 1961.)Five years after Macdonald’s story, author Frank Baker (1908-82) published his full-length novel The Birds, exploring the possibility of birds carrying out a sustained war of terror against mankind. The Birds (London: Peter Davies, 1936) dust jacket There is no reason to doubt the claim of Daphne du Maurier that she was completely unaware of the existence of Baker’s novel when she came to write her own story with the same title. Apart from the basic concept, the two texts have little in common, and she actually drew her inspiration from something she witnessed near her Cornish home at Menabilly House. near Fowey. She was able to rent Menabilly from 1943 until 1969 because of the success of the book and film Rebecca, but she had known the area since the late 1920s when the family began taking holidays there, and was friendly with many of the locals. One day, while walking across to Menabilly Barton farm from her house, she saw a farmer named Tommy Dunn out ploughing in his field above Polridmouth Beach. Above his head, seagulls were swooping and diving, and she began to wonder what might happen if they suddenly began to attack…. She went home and began to develop this idea, turning Tommy Dunn into Nat Hocken, and suggesting that the birds become aggressive after a harsh winter with little food. Seagulls are the first to start attacking, but they are soon joined by birds of prey and finally even small birds. The setting is clearly rural, the characters are limited to Nat’s family and neighbours, and the atmosphere is reminiscent of wartime Britain with its fears about coastal invasion and German air raids.The story was first published in Good Housekeeping magazine in October 1952, with the text broken up into fragments and printed between pages 54 and 132, interspersed with sections of other short stories and juxtaposed with dozens of housekeeping tips and adverts: “Bread stays good longer when protected with ‘Mycoban,'” “Childcraft: America’s Famous (14-volume) Child Guidance Plan” or “Jell-O Salads: Like to add a touch of glamour to dinner tonight?” This homely material seems incongruous with the grim subject matter of Du Maurier’s story, which the editors clearly regarded as potentially unpalatable – the tagline proclaimed: ‘The Editors present this, not as the most popular, but perhaps as the Most Distinguished Short Story of the Year.’ Reading the story within the context of ‘good housekeeping’ tips does, however, draw attention to the prominence of domestic and familial concerns. Nat is a former soldier who was injured during the war and receives a disability pension, but works part time on local farms doing light work in order to provide for his wife and two young children, Jill and Johnny. When the bird attacks begin, he uses his handyman skills to protect his family, boarding up windows and setting up barbed wire barriers, while his (unnamed) wife deals with the housekeeping matters: ‘It’s shopping day tomorrow, you know that. I don’t keep uncooked food about. Butcher doesn’t call till the day after.’ (Fridges were still a rarity in Britain in the early 1960s.) To distract the children from the horror, she makes them an early supper: ‘Something for a treat – toasted cheese, eh? Something we all like?’ Little details such as the need to stock up on candles, or heating up left-overs for the children, would resonate with the magazine’s readers, perhaps prompting them to think about how well they would cope in such circumstances. 1952 artwork by Seymour Mednick The story was reprinted in Du Maurier’s collection, The Apple Tree: a short novel and several long stories (London: Victor Gollancz, 1952.) Editions of the anthology published after the movie were issued under the title of The Birds to capitalize on the publicity. Comparison of the 1952 and 1963 covers Hitchcock – who had made film adaptations of Du Maurier’s Jamaica Inn (1939) and Rebecca (1940) – spotted the story and included it in his anthology Alfred Hitchcock Presents: my Favorites in Suspense (New York: Random House, 1959) as well as securing the film rights. He was reminded of the story after reading newspaper reports of bird attacks in the Californian press in April 1960 and August 1961 and within a few weeks had commissioned Evan Hunter to write a screenplay – but one that retained only the title and basic concept of Du Maurier’s story. Apart from the obvious switch from Cornwall to California, the changes are too numerous to mention; it is only really in the siege scenes in the house where Du Maurier’s story can be recognised, although here and there little echoes of phrases and events recur. Other elements – such as the attack on a woman in a telephone booth, and the intrusion of an unusual female into the relationship between the male hero and his widowed mother – can be traced back to Baker’s novel. In 1962, when Baker heard that a film was being made of The Birds without any apparent reference to his story, he wrote to both Hitchcock and Du Maurier to protest. The director never replied, but Du Maurier responded with great sympathy; anyone who has read her letters will be aware of the tender solicitude she often showed towards her correspondents, answering questions in detail and almost acting as an ”agony aunt’ towards many of the lonely souls who contacted her. In the wake of the film, Frank Baker’s novel was reissued in 1964 as a Panther paperback Baker heavily revised the text of his novel for the 1964 edition but only a fraction of these changes were implemented by Panther. A new edition was published by Valancourt Press in 2013 which incorporates all of Baker’s original revisions, and comes with a nine page introduction by Ken Mogg, who runs ‘The MacGuffin’ webpage devoted to Hitchcock scholarship. Those wishing to know more about Baker’s life should read Paul Newman’s biography, The Man Who Unleashed The Birds: Frank Baker and his Circle (Abraxas Editions, 2010.)

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When it comes to sports and physically demanding activities, many experts have long recommended the use of shoe inserts and orthotics to help prevent and manage injuries. These devices have a wide range of uses, from helping with conditions such as diabetes and flat feet to assisting in the treatment of osteoarthritic knees and rheumatoid foot disease. However, their use goes beyond just medical intervention. They are now being used more and more in athletic settings to help prevent movement-related injuries. Effectiveness of Orthotics and Inserts It's worth mentioning that using orthotics or inserts has proven to be quite effective, with about most of cases experiencing positive outcomes. These interventions provide relief from different injuries and help people get back to their previous activity levels. As an example, a study conducted by James et al. showed that a large majority of runners who had knee injuries were able to get back to their running routines. This was made possible by the positive impact of orthotics on correcting foot eversion. In addition, research has emphasized the importance of orthotics in addressing certain conditions that make athletes more prone to injuries. From countering excessive foot eversion to managing conditions like plantar fasciitis and Achilles tendinitis, orthotics have proven to be incredibly versatile in preventing injuries among different groups of people. They have also been effective in alleviating stress fractures among military recruits. Shoe inserts and orthotics play a crucial role in minimizing the occurrence of injuries caused by movement in athletes. These devices are a crucial part of injury management strategies, providing a promising way to improve athletic performance and extend participation in sports.

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2024-10-06T04:48:22Z

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Eye infections in horses can cause discomfort, pain, and potential vision loss. They require immediate veterinary attention and treatment to prevent complications. Eye infections are a common concern among horse owners and can be caused by various factors such as bacteria, viruses, or allergens. These infections can result in symptoms like redness, swelling, discharge, and sensitivity to light. It is crucial to address eye infections promptly to avoid further complications and preserve the horse’s vision. Veterinary treatment may involve applying topical medications, administering oral antibiotics, or in severe cases, surgery. In addition to medical intervention, proper hygiene practices, such as regular cleaning of the horse’s face and avoiding irritants, can help prevent eye infections. Understanding the signs, causes, and treatments of eye infections in horses is vital for horse owners to ensure the wellbeing and visual health of their equine companions. Understanding Eye Infections In Horses Eye infections in horses can be a common problem affecting their overall health. Understanding the causes and symptoms of these infections is crucial for timely treatment and prevention. Understanding Eye Infections in Horses Eye infections can be a common and concerning issue for horse owners. Just like humans, horses are susceptible to a variety of eye infections that can cause discomfort and potential complications if left untreated. It is important for horse owners to have a basic understanding of eye infections in horses, including their causes, signs and symptoms, as well as prevention and treatment options. Common Causes of Eye Infections There are several factors that can contribute to the development of eye infections in horses. Understanding these common causes can help horse owners take proactive measures to prevent them. Some of the common causes of eye infections include: 1. Trauma: Any form of trauma to the eye, such as scratches, foreign objects, or blunt force impact, can create an entry point for bacteria, viruses, or fungi to cause an infection. 2. Environmental factors: Dust, debris, allergens, or irritants present in the horse’s environment can cause eye irritation and make the eye more susceptible to infections. 3. Inadequate eye hygiene: Neglecting proper eye hygiene, such as failure to clean the eyes regularly or using contaminated materials, can increase the risk of eye infections. Signs and Symptoms of Eye Infections Detecting eye infections in horses early on is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment. It is essential for horse owners to be aware of the signs and symptoms that may indicate an eye infection. Some common signs and symptoms include: 1. Excessive tearing or discharge from the eye that is thick, cloudy, or discolored. 2. Redness and swelling around the eye. 3. Squinting or blinking excessively. 4. Sensitivity to light. 5. Excessive rubbing or pawing at the eye. Prevention and Treatment of Eye Infections Preventing eye infections in horses involves implementing good hygiene practices and being proactive in monitoring the horse’s health. Here are some prevention and treatment measures that can help: 1. Prioritize cleanliness: Regularly clean the horse’s face and eyes using a gentle, non-irritating cleanser. Use clean towels or disposable wipes for each eye to prevent cross-contamination. 2. Minimize exposure to irritants: Keep the horse’s environment clean and free from dust, debris, and potential irritants that can cause eye infections. 3. Seek veterinary care: At the first sign of an eye infection, it is important to contact a veterinarian for a thorough examination and appropriate treatment. 4. Administer prescribed medications: Follow the veterinarian’s instructions carefully when administering any prescribed medications, including eye drops or ointments, to ensure effective treatment. 5. Monitor and observe: Regularly observe the horse’s eyes for any changes or abnormal signs, and consult a veterinarian if any concerns arise. Taking proactive measures to prevent eye infections in horses can significantly reduce the risk and potential complications. By understanding the common causes, recognizing the signs and symptoms, and seeking prompt veterinary care, horse owners can ensure the health and well-being of their equine companions. Remember, a healthy horse means bright, clear eyes and a happier, more comfortable ride.Credit: www.farmersweekly.co.za Frequently Asked Questions On Eye Infections In Horses What Is The Best Treatment For Horse Eye Infection? The best treatment for a horse eye infection is to consult with a veterinarian who can prescribe specific medication like antibiotics or ointments. They will assess the severity of the infection and provide appropriate treatment to relieve symptoms and promote healing. How Do You Know If Your Horse Has An Eye Infection? Common signs of a horse eye infection include redness, swelling, discharge, sensitivity to light, and rubbing of the eye. If you notice any of these symptoms, consult a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment. What Is The Most Common Cause Of Eye Problems In Horses? The most common cause of eye problems in horses is Equine Recurrent Uveitis (ERU), also known as Moon Blindness. It is an inflammatory condition that affects the horse’s uvea, causing recurrent episodes of pain, redness, and cloudiness in the eye. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial for managing this condition. What Does Conjunctivitis In Horses Look Like? Conjunctivitis in horses appears as redness, swelling, and discharge in their eyes. It can also cause squinting, sensitivity to light, and increased tear production. It is crucial for horse owners to understand the importance of early detection and proper treatment of eye infections in horses. By recognizing the common signs and symptoms, implementing good hygiene practices, and seeking veterinary care promptly, the risk of complications and potential vision loss can be minimized. Remember, the eyes are a precious and delicate part of a horse’s overall health and wellbeing. So stay vigilant and prioritize their ocular health.

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Let's tackle a subject that's often tiptoed around but rarely addressed head-on—male pattern baldness. It's that stealthy companion that sneaks up on many of us as the years go by. But don't worry, we're here to break it down, so you know exactly what to expect and how to manage it. What is Male Pattern Baldness? Male pattern baldness is the most common form of hair loss in men, driven largely by genetics and male hormones. If your father or grandfather experienced it, there's a good chance you might too. The Science Behind It Each hair on your scalp emerges from a tiny opening in the skin called a follicle. Over time, these follicles can shrink, producing finer, shorter hair, and eventually, they may stop growing new hair altogether. However, the follicles remain alive, which means regrowth is possible! Symptoms of Male Pattern Baldness The first sign of male pattern baldness is often a receding hairline that forms an "M" shape. You might also notice thinning at the crown. If you’re seeing these signs, check out our tips on preventing further hair loss and what steps you can take. As baldness progresses, you may develop bald spots, with the thinning crown expanding over time. Eventually, this can result in a U-shaped pattern of hair around the sides of your head. Causes of Male Pattern Baldness - Family History: If male pattern baldness runs in your family, you’re more likely to experience it. - Gene Variants: Specific gene variations related to hair growth and follicle health can be inherited, increasing your susceptibility. - Ethnicity: Research suggests that men of certain ethnicities are more prone to male pattern baldness. - DHT Levels: Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone derived from testosterone, can shrink hair follicles and shorten the hair growth cycle. - Life Stages: Hormonal shifts during puberty, middle age, or other life stages can trigger or accelerate hair loss. - Medications: Some drugs, such as steroids, can cause hormonal imbalances leading to hair loss. Lifestyle and Environmental Factors - Diet and Nutrition: A lack of essential nutrients like biotin, zinc, and protein can weaken hair and contribute to hair loss. - Stress: High stress levels can trigger conditions like telogen effluvium, causing temporary hair loss. - Environmental Pollutants: Exposure to smoke, heavy metals, and other pollutants can damage hair follicles. - Hair Care Practices: Overuse of harsh chemical products or frequent heat styling can lead to hair damage and loss. - Topical Oils: Essential oils like rosemary and peppermint have shown potential in promoting hair growth. - Diet and Nutrition: Foods rich in biotin, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids support healthy hair. - Product Recommendation: Consider incorporating our specially formulated hair thickening products, designed to combat thinning and boost hair health. - Minoxidil: An over-the-counter topical solution that stimulates hair follicles, slowing hair loss and encouraging new growth. Consistency is key. - Finasteride: A prescription oral medication that inhibits DHT, a hormone closely linked to hair loss. Effective but can have side effects, such as reduced libido. - Hair Transplants: Involves moving hair follicles from one area of your body to the balding areas. While effective, it’s costly and may require multiple sessions. - Scalp Micropigmentation: A non-invasive procedure that uses micro-needles to deposit pigment into the scalp, simulating the appearance of hair follicles. How to Prevent Male Pattern Baldness Diet and Nutrition - Essential Nutrients: A diet rich in protein, biotin, and omega-3 fatty acids strengthens hair follicles. - Vitamins and Minerals: Incorporate zinc, iron, and vitamins A, C, and E through foods like spinach, eggs, and salmon. - Hydration: Drink plenty of water to keep your hair hydrated and less prone to breakage. - Mindfulness Techniques: Meditation and mindfulness can lower cortisol, a hormone that can contribute to hair loss when elevated. - Physical Exercise: Regular exercise boosts blood circulation, which can stimulate hair follicles. - Work-Life Balance: Avoid overworking and ensure you get enough rest, as chronic stress can lead to hair loss. Hair Care Routine - Natural Shampoos: Opt for sulfate-free shampoos that cleanse without stripping your scalp of natural oils. - Conditioning: Use a good conditioner to hydrate and nourish your hair, reducing breakage. - Scalp Massage: Regular scalp massages can improve blood flow to hair follicles, promoting growth. - Avoid Heat Styling: Limit the use of heat tools, as they can weaken hair strands and lead to loss. Take Control of Hair Loss Today If you're ready to tackle hair loss, consider adding our haircare products to your routine. Formulated with natural ingredients, these products are designed to strengthen, nourish, and revitalize your hair, giving you the confidence to face the world with a fuller head of hair. Don't just take our word for it—try them yourself and see the difference

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World Environment day 2020-‘Time for Nature’ “Time for Nature,” is this year’s World Environment Day theme a reminder that it is time to act to salvage the degraded environments, preserve and protect wildlife, and appreciate nature. In a normal situation, world environment day could be celebrated out in parks, sanctuaries, farms, forests, and gardens, among others doing different activities that enrich the planet. This year is unique and a wakeup call to realize the significance of green spaces in cities and towns. Covid-19 and urban greenspaces Covid-19 came at a time when the world least expected. It halted every activity and plans; reduced events to virtual. The curfews, cessation of movement, lockdowns, and restriction to access to certain areas left most urban dwellers, especially in Nairobi, to find solace, strength, and revitalize in the few available parks, gardens and forests. For a while, Karura forest, Arboretum, Ngong forests, and the Nairobi National parks became the main focus, often crowded, forcing the enactment of stricter measures. At a glance, the overall condition was not appealing because of the possibility of spreading the virus and exerting a lot of pressure on those resources; however, it was an indication of how important green spaces are during these times. If these spaces were not there, where could Nairobians spend their leisure time and kill boredom as they practice social distancing and pull through the cessation? It shouldn’t take another epidemic or pandemic like Covid-19 for us to realize how essential nature is in our day-to-day lives. Adequate protection and preservation of the green spaces is essential; thus, developing laws and policies that cushion them from degradation: human encroachment and plastic pollution is fundamental. On a positive note, the ban on plastic papers in the country reduced the amount of plastic pollution in our green spaces. On the contrary, single-use plastics are still a nightmare; straws, water, and soft-drink bottles are still at large. With the ban scheduled official execution to take effect this June 2020, there is hope that our green spaces will breathe again. Besides, national laws may not be enough; each park, forest, or garden needs to develop its policies in line with the contents it hosts and services it offers. Karura forest, for instance, has ensured no single-use plastic water bottle is allowed inside the park. By placing a lot of emphasis on the policy, you will hardly see any plastic bottle thrown carelessly. Such laws are missing in parks like Oloolua and Arboretum that attract quite a large number of people picnicking, walking, or jogging hence the reason for plastic bottles thrown along the trails. While there are litter bins and warning signs cautioning people from littering, it does not stop them from the ill act. This is the reason single-use plastics should be disallowed inside the parks. Time for Nature- Act Action for nature means taking all measures humanly possible to ensure the green spaces remain intact to serve the present and future generations equally. Penalizing those breaching this law might serve as a good lesson. While the laws and policies play a crucial role, personal resolve is also necessary. Without the willing power, then the rules will be less impactful. Knowing that the green spaces serve the social, psychological, and physical needs of humans, preserving and protecting them should be within everybody’s mandate. It should not take another epidemic or pandemic like Covid-19 for us to realize how essential nature is in our day-to-day lives. Therefore, during this time for nature, act for the environment, act for climate, act for the planet. Happy World Environment Day 2020! This article was published on the star newspaper Why we need to preserve urban greenspaces

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The task of history is to delineate such factors that have gone into the making of a nation. Her view is that a kingdom or an empire is the expanded organisation of people, the smallest being a tribal set up or village council. When tribal loyalties are subordinated to embrace national loyalties, a nation is borne. When such a nation evolves a political organization, it is a nation state. From this it follows that a State—nation State—to exist, the people should have a common cultural background. A common language or religion may be some of the desirable condition but not at all the essential. Here lies the crux of Sister Nivedita’s findings that India, long before the establishment of Mauryan empire in the fourth century BC, was not only culturally but also emotionally united. To read article in PDF format About Author: C Jayanarayanan is Librarian of the CSN Trust Library, Ottapalam, Kerala This article was first published in the Prabuddha Bharata, monthly journal of The Ramakrishna Order started by Swami Vivekananda in 1896. This article is courtesy and copyright Prabuddha Bharata (www.advaitaashrama.org). I have been reading the Prabuddha Bharata for years and found it enlightening. You can subscribe online at www.advaitaashrama.org. Cost is Rs 180/ for one year, Rs 475/ for three years, Rs 2100/ for twenty years. To know more Visit here

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How Do Parrots Mate. Parrot Species every year just like most bird species, they mate before laying eggs. Their mating ritual is slightly different from other birds. Let’s discuss how they mate. The mating ritual of parrots begins with the male parrots making joyful sounds and moves to attract the female. If the female is interested, it will take feed from the male; this looks like a kiss. Then the female slightly bends down and lets the male jump on it. The male rubs its vent on the female’s vent and transfers sperm. parrots for sale usa Though it seems simple, it is not. Before the mating ritual even begins, the pair needs to be bonded to each other, and both birds need to be in heat. Like humans, parrots are very choosy about partners; they take time before accepting a partner. Let’s discuss in detail how male parrots attract females. How do male Parrots attract females? Male cockatoos spread their wings, bob their heads, and dance in front of females to impress them. The body movements are the courtship of male parrots for females. Below are all the moves that male parrots make. exotic parrots for sale - Male makes a mating call to express his intentions. Usually, mating calls are the first thing that helps unite single males and females. If a male approaches a female and makes mating calls, and the female does not fly away and lets the male approach her, it is a good sign. - Male pins his eyes to show interest. Eye pinning is the expansion and contraction of the pupil. - Male bobs his head and nods back and forth, which looks like a dance. It shows the female that she is being checked out, and the male is excited. - Male raises his crest and then pulls it back completely. When a parrot raises its crest, it makes him prominent among all males. It is also a sign of interest for the female. - The male spreads his wings to grab the female’s attention. With open wings, he is also exhibiting his colors and trying to look more beautiful. Some parrot species have yellow-colored feathers under their wings, like the blue and gold macaw parrots. These feathers make them look more attractive. Parrots usually do not mate all year, even if they are bonded. They mate only during their breeding season, and that too if the conditions are favorable. For example, the pair needs a nest to breed. The female needs to ready the nest before she starts laying the eggs. Moreover, when the baby parrots hatch, they must be warm and safe. This is why the pair usually starts mating after they have chosen a place to nest. Mating position of male and female Parrots Before the mating begins, the female finds a suitable place to sit, usually a branch or somewhere high. The male approaches the female, come closes, dances, and when the female is finally ready, it gets in position. The female slightly bends down, moves its head and tail up, expands and contracts its iris, makes mating calls, and exposes her cloaca (vent). This appeals to the male and gives him a signal to mate. The male jumps on the female and maintains balance. If, for any reason, the male is unable to maintain balance, it softly grabs the female’s head feathers. The male parrots transfers his sperm by rubbing his cloaca on the female’s cloaca, and for that, their vents need to make contact. As the female had already lifted her tail up, the male moved its tail from one side under her tail, making a contact between his cloaca and the female’s cloaca. Then, the male gently rubs his cloaca for almost 3-4 seconds. This is when the male transfers sperm and impregnates the female. Once done, the male comes back to the stick. The female also sits properly, and the pair cuddles. They usually mate again after a few hours, but if both birds are in extreme heat, they may mate more than once within an hour. What happens after parrots mate? After almost 10 days of mating, the female lays the first egg. The number of eggs a Parrots lays varies from species to species. Some parrots lay just 1 egg per clutch and some lay up to 8 eggs. Each egg is laid after 24-36 hours of last egg. Until all eggs are laid, the pair mates almost everyday which helps further fertilize the eggs. Parrots mate to reproduce and show affection towards each other. During the breeding season, they mate almost 1-10 times a day for almost 10 days. Both birds show great affection towards each other during this period and can often be seen cuddling and cleaning each other’s feathers. They look absolutely adorable when they show love toward each other.

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After Voltaire's death in 1778, the Russian Empress Catherine the Great who had exchanged letters with the French philosopher for many years acquired his library and papers. Among the manuscripts are five volumes containing 1800 leaves, 167 documents under a common shelfmark РНБ. БВ. 5–242. Most of the documents were sent to Voltaire from the St. Petersburg Academy of Science at the end of 1750s to work on The History of the Russian Empire under Peter the Great (Histoire de l’empire de Russie, t. 1–2, Genève, 1759–1763). The "History" was the most important foreign policy project launched by the crowned daughter of the Great Peter, Empress Elizabeth, during the Seven Years' War which divided Europe into two warring camps (Franco-Austrian-Russian alliance against Prussia and Great Britain). These documents are translations into French of historical sources, statistical reports and essays prepared specifically for Voltaire. Here is collected information about the activities and personality of Peter the Great — chronological lists of his most important achievements, information about international negotiations of Peter and his ambassadors, letters from Peter and other persons. There are economic, geographical, statistical, historical, ethnographic materials; descriptions of cities, manufactories, rivers and canals, reports on state trade with different countries, descriptions of Siberian peoples. A small part of the collection, namely Voltaire’s questions to academicians and their answers — was published in French1, but other documents are poorly studied. St. Petersburg academicians — the native Russian Lomonosov, and the Russian German Miller — were unhappy that the history of Peter the Great was commissioned from a foreign writer. But the political moment required that the image of Russia be cleared of the cliches common in the West by an author recognized as authoritative in Europe. The mastermind Voltaire was ideally suited for this role, who, while working on The History of Charles XII (1732), already planned to create a portrait of Peter the Great — a monarch who created an empire while his rival destroyed his. Voltaire had already glorified two European monarchs who had died at the beginning of the 18th century - Louis XIV and Charles XII - and his authority was to provide an effective counterweight to the anti-Russian pamphlets inspired by Frederick II of Prussia.Voltaire had already glorified two European monarchs who dided at the beginning of the 18th century – Louis XIV and Charles XII – and his authority was to be an effective counterweight to the anti-Russian pamphlets inspired by Frederick II of Prussia. By acquiring Voltaire's library, Catherine II not only showed Europe that she was leading her country along the path of Enlightenment, but also, as it turned out, received the most valuable materials on the history of political thought of the 18th century. Thanks to the fact that Catherine corresponded with Voltaire, this Archive was returned to Russia. The materials that make up the Archive are interesting not in connection with Voltaire’s work on his book — which became the first historical work about Peter the Great written using documents — but as examples of the historical discourse that began to form in Russia. Although these materials are written in French, they were translated from Russian sources (not all of which have survived), and represent some of the first examples of Russian historiography. In addition to the documents themselves, of particular importance is the principle of their selection. Here the idea of Russia’s inclusion not in the narrative of legends, but in the narrative of historical science appears. Under the leadership of Ivan Shuvalov, Gerhard Miller and Johann Taubert worked on the preparation of materials, and Jacob Staehlin was involved in the work. Several essays belong to M. V. Lomonosov and were included in his collected works, but some other documents could have come from his pen or, in any case, were prepared under his direct “supervision”. The Archive is important due to the time of its creation — the time when the statehood of the Russian Empire was formed, and it was created by the very people thanks to whom Russia joined the group of European powers.

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New Brunswick is one of the smallest cities in Canada. It is almost the same size as the Czech Republic, Scotland or Ireland. Located on the Atlantic coast of Canada and has a lot of forest. The woodland is about 80% and serves as home to moose, bears and other wild animals. A lot of migrants reported they felt welcomed when they migrated to New Brunswick. It is the only officially bilingual city in Canada. The English speaking communities are found in Southern New Brunswick while the French speaking communities who are about one-third of New Brunswick population, are found in the Northern part of the city. New Brunswick is a good place for people who want a simpler and quieter lifestyle with natural features like forests and lakes. Houses are sold or rented at affordable prices in New Brunswick. The Canadian Real Estate Association estimated the average cost of a house in New Brunswick to be $169,000. Migrants realize that they can purchase a mortgage free house in New Brunswick and can also own an acre of land; an opportunity that is only open to affluent people in some communities or regions. You also get the chance to live in a neighborhood where people truly care about one another. If you are money-driven and seek to pursue a high end career and also enjoy night life, trends and go clubbing, New Brunswick is definitely not for you. Despite the fact that New Brunswick economy is still growing, a workers average hourly earnings is more than that of other Atlantic regions except Newfoundland and Labrador. Unemployment rate in New Brunswick has always been between 9-10% and has been less than 10% since 2016. Most residents of New Brunswick have British Isle ancestry (English, Scottish and Irish) or French ancestry. The city has only a few migrants. Less than 4% of New Brunswickers are migrants unlike Toronto where migrants are almost half the population. New Brunswick’s population has experienced little changes in its population status than other cities in Canada recently. According to Statistics Canada, minorities living in New Brunswick are not up to two percent of its total population compared to about 16% for all of Canada. Employees in New Brunswick get 15% less than the Canadian average. Individuals who are interested in pursuing rewarding careers often relocate to the west. New Brunswick has a continental climate. The three major communities in New Brunswick are Saint John, Moncton and Fredericton. About half of the residents in New Brunswick live in the busy areas of these three cities as the best jobs are available there. The main primary industries in New Brunswick are fishing and timber. Saint John is the most industrial province in New Brunswick and probably the least attractive with a total population of about 125,000. It is New Brunswick’s main port and manufacturing area. The port does not turn icy in winter due to the tidal currents from the Bay of Fundy. Saint John has experienced some troubles as its oldest industries such as ship building have not been able to meet the current standard. New industries springing up are brewing, electricity generation, transport, oil refineries and call centers. Moncton city is home to about 141,000 people, it is a busy city comprising of both English and French speakers and cultures. Most of Moncton’s French speakers can speak both English and French while only a few of its English speakers are good at French. It is not necessary you know how to speak French in order to secure a job but if you deal directly with your clients it will help improve the overall outlook and output of the business. Moncton is a developing hub for technology and service industries this includes call centers attracted by Moncton’s bilingual workforce. The Universite de Moncton which is a French speaking university is located in Moncton and the region is well provided for in terms of shopping, schools and recreation. Moncton and Halifax (Nova Scotia) are trying to create a Moncton-Halifax growth patch in order to increase their economies with Truro, Amherst and Sackville en-route. Moncton is home to New Brunswick’s major airport, preparing scheduled flights to Halifax, Montreal, Toronto, Hamilton, Calgary, Edmonton and Newark. Seasonal and charter flights operate to France, Germany, Florida, and Caribbean Islands. Fredericton’s city has a population of almost 90,000-95,000 depending on student numbers. It is the capital of New Brunswick and sits elegantly on the St John River. Fredericton has two universities, the University of New Brunswick, founded in 1785 and St. Thomas University, a center for catholic liberal arts education. It also has great shopping centers, schools and recreational centers. Information technology based businesses are becoming an influential sector in Fredericton. Its airport provides internal flights to Toronto, Montreal and Halifax, and externally to Boston, and Massachusetts. A lot of people believe that Fredericton and Moncton are preferable to Saint John in terms of Quality of life even with its low heavy industry. In mid 2016, the average cost of a well-equipped two-storey house in Fredericton city was $270,000 and the average price in Saint John was $228,000. To have a home in New Brunswick you have to stay permanently in Canada. This is checked through the immigration processes. You should visit the New Brunswick’s Provincial Nominee Program (NBPNP) in order to hasten your application. Applicants are rated based on an assessment sore. The highest rated candidates may be asked to apply to NBPNP Express Entry Labor Market Stream.

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2024-10-06T03:41:41Z

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Photo: Laban Robert. Farmers with biogas digesters can cut electricity and kerosene brooding costs by using the gas in raising the chicks. A 6-foot by 3-foot by 4feet structure secured by a thin-eyed wire mesh from above the holding area, which is about three and a half feet off the ground. This is according to a model from Flexi Biogas Technologies. The gas from the source is connected to a perforated pan-covered burner at the base of the structure. The heat from the burner warms the pan, which also transfers the heat to the environment conventionally. The structures is covered all around with a transparent polythene sheet. The burner should be placed centrally to avoid melting the thick gauge sheet. Brooders are kept within 32 degrees Celsius and 34 degrees Celsius from the first day the chicks are introduced. The temperature is reduced slowly until the room temperature by the fourth week, when the chicks have enough feathers to help them regulate temperatures without external help. Chick temperature is about 39 degrees Celsius on the first day but after one week, it raises to about 41 degrees Celsius, which is the normal body heat for a mature chicken. Related News: Biogas chiller extends milk shelf-life for 14 hours The structure can host 50 chicks. A thermometer comes in handy in determining the temperature of the brooder. If the temperature goes higher than the required, the polythene sheets are opened to allow for more heat to come into the structure. Similarly, the gas inlet has a tap that regulates the flame to increase or reduce the heat output. Flexi Biogas Technology officer Richard Ondiek said the move is one of the company’s projects of helping farmers utilise farm wastes to cut down production costs and boost earnings. Related News: Plastic biogas digesters fit changing livestock size “Such off the power grid energy green solutions ensure that farmers are not discouraged from investing in lucrative ventures of their choice. This indeed is a cost-free way of ensuring that a farmer is better placed in recycling waste for use in energy consuming activities without end-month bills,” Ondiek said. The company fixes biogas digesters that can handle dung from one to more than five cows. Ondiek can be reached on +254724971553

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2024-10-06T04:29:16Z

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When we think of a newborn baby, we quickly think of sleepless nights. As a parent you can sometimes be thrilled when your baby (and you too) finally sleeps through the night or even for a few hours. You will slowly discover a pattern in your child's sleep... until a new jump is around the corner. Jumps can have a huge effect on sleeping behavior. Every time you've just found a nice rhythm, it feels like you're back to square one. How do you recognize sleep regression due to a jump and what can you do as a parent? In this article you can read everything about jumps and poor sleep.. First it is important to realize that every child is different. What works for one person may not work for another. So try not to compare your situation with that of others and also realize that your second child may need something completely different than your first. Everything you read about timings and jumps is therefore a general starting point, but not a holy grail. Rely on your child's behavior, but keep the information in mind to help you understand your child better. Which jumps have an effect on sleeping behavior? In principle, all jumps can have an effect on your child's sleeping behavior. During a jump, your child learns new things, which means the world keeps changing. These changes ensure that your baby undergoes development and that can always lead to different behavior. However, in general we can say that there are 3 steps that have the most effect on the sleeping behavior of babies, namely: - the 4 month jump - the 6 month jump - the 8-10 month jump These jumps all ensure major development, with a good chance that your child will behave differently. Read on to discover how every jump brings about something new that affects sleep. 4 month jump During the 4-month jump, your baby learns to see connections. The sensations, patterns and smooth transitions were already known, but until now your child saw these as separate things. Now that your baby understands that some things belong together and thus form a big event, the world suddenly looks very different! Around 20 weeks, the fun part of this leap begins: your baby learns all kinds of new skills, such as grasping objects and babbling. Your baby will also discover how to roll over and that mommy will come when he starts to cry. It is important to realize that these two have the most effect on sleep behavior. You can read in the article what you can do as a parent to make the 4-month jump easier 4 months jump & poor sleep. 6 month jump The 6 month jump takes it even further. Your child has learned a lot over the past six months, but now he is really making big leaps. He learns to recognize and understand relationships between objects and events. All the individual puzzle pieces are now falling together. Your baby has to get used to this big change and may become hangry and crying. This phase lasts an average of 4 weeks, but every child is different, so your baby may take shorter or longer. NB! This jump also coincides with a moment of rolling over, which means you now have to stop swaddling. The follow up set can help you make this transition smaller, so that your baby can slowly get used to it. Now that your baby understands that things are related to each other, he wants to experiment with this, for example by placing a block in, behind, on or under another block. Your baby also suddenly understands that if you walk away, the distance between you will increase. That can cause separation anxiety. In the article 6 month jump: my baby won't sleep anymore you can read some useful tips to help your child through this phase of separation anxiety. 8-10 month jump Between weeks 33 and week 38 your child will take a new step that provides new skills. Your child now learns to recognize categories and realizes that he can divide everything into groups. So he now understands which things look, sound, taste, smell or feel the same. Your child also learns to sit up, crawl, crawl, wave and eat by itself. Language will play a greater role: your baby will really study what you say to him and may even try to say something himself.. Due to the big change, your baby may be hangry and crying again. Awkward timing, because your baby is getting older and can be awake longer and longer. As a result, you often sleep less during the day during this period. Your baby may also still have separation anxiety since the 6-month mark and your baby may be moving more and more, even at night. You can read in the article how you can best deal with this 8-10 month jump: a different sleep rhythm. It will be all right Whatever jump your baby is in, always remember: it is only temporary. Your baby is going through a difficult time, but it's all for a good cause. Your child is learning, developing and growing and before you know it he will be a year old! So try not to worry too much, give your child comfort when necessary and, above all, be patient. All unpleasant things pass and you see your child grow very quickly. The first year is a challenging, but also very beautiful and interesting period. It is not without reason that a child's first years are called the 'tropical years'. Goodluck!! Ik ben Frederieke, getrouwd met Ewoud en mama van 4 kindjes. Na op veel plekken gewoond te hebben, ben ik gesetteld in Nieuwkoop. Ik werkte in de commercie tot mijn vierde kindje geboren werd. Fedde was een huilbaby en vanuit deze wanhoop heb ik de producten van Fedde&Kees bedacht. Ik gooide mijn leven om en begon met ondernemen. Sinds 2018 help ik andere ouders naar een betere slaap!

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2024-10-06T03:33:32Z

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The label on a food product is a legal document that is used by the processor to share information to the consumer. This information must be truthful and accurate. The number one reason for recalls of food products is a misleading, inaccurate, or missing information on the label. All food products must have a Nutrition Facts panel, that summarizes the nutrient content of the food. Small food companies are allowed an exemption by FDA, however, If a health claim is made, i.e. “heart healthy”, then the product must have a Nutrition Facts panel. Additionally, most consumers expect this information on a food product so it’s not really a benefit to the small food company to use this exemption. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has requirements for the format or layout of the label for specific content as specified in the Code of Federal Regulations (21 C.F.R. §§ 101.1–101.9). Although FDA does not require prior label approval, New Mexico Environment Department (NMED) and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) regulations require prior approval of labels before printing. Specific labeling information can be found at: Questions concerning the labeling of food products may also be directed to: Division of Programs and Enforcement Policy (HFS-155) Office of Food Labeling Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition Food and Drug Administration 200 C Street, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20204 Phone: 202-205-5229 College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences (ACES)

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2024-10-06T05:12:49Z

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For many children, Santa Claus is a larger-than-life figure; a special, magical man who flies through the world on Christmas Eve in his sleigh pulled by eight reindeer and delivers their heart’s delight under the Christmas tree. As parents, we often go to great lengths to preserve the magic…reading stories, leaving out cookies and milk, pretending to look for the reindeer flying over the house or listening for the jingle bells. Christmas is magical for those who believe. The Santa we are familiar with came from traditions relating to three historical figures: Saint Nicholas of Myra, 16th Century Britain’s Father Christmas and the ancient Germanic God Woden or Odin. Each offers varying amounts of influence to modern day Santa Claus, but knowing their stories can help us understand Santa’s around-the-world flight schedule, his changing appearance and how he ended up with such an interesting mode of transportation. Saint Nicholas of Myra The name Santa Claus is a phonetic translation of the Dutch name Sinterklass, a Santa-like character based on the historical figure of Saint Nicholas of Myra. Saint Nicholas was a fourth-century Christian bishop who lived in what is now Turkey. He was known for giving generous gifts to the poor. In the Middle Ages, Saint Nicholas was commemorated when gifts were given out to children on the sixth of December, which was the date of his death in 343 A.D. However, during the Reformation, opposition to the honoring of saints led Martin Luther, the seminal figure of the Protestant Reformation, to suggest Christmas as an alternative day for gift-giving. By the time of Henry VIII’s reign during the 16th century, St. Nicholas day was no longer celebrated in England. Alternatively, Father Christmas – a man in green or crimson robes lined with fur – became the symbol of good cheer who was responsible for spreading joy on Christmas day. His physique was different from how we see our modern Santa Claus, as he was shown to be quite slender in the illustration of John Leech’s “Ghost of Christmas Present” which appeared in Charles Dickens’ classic novel “A Christmas Carol.” Certainly Odin, a god of Norse mythology, has also influenced Christmas. As a bearded, cloaked man who traveled through the winter night sky, Odin bears similarities to Santa Claus, which creates speculation that he was an early pagan influence on the modern-day Santa. Odin was said to deliver toys and candy to children who would fill their boots with straw and set them by the hearth for Sleipnir, Odin’s eight-legged horse. Odin slipped down chimneys and fire holes, leaving his gifts behind. Santa Claus has a different name in practically every country he visits. But, no matter what he’s called, his arrival is eagerly anticipated by children all over the world. Although the representations and actions of Santa Claus differ from country to country, some parts of the story stay the same. Here is a list of some of the names Santa goes by in other countries that share his legend. Russia – Ded Moroz Ded Moroz translates to “Grandfather Frost,” a man known for dressing carefully and protecting himself from the elements. His tall valenki (leather boots) keep his toes safe from frostbite, and his long, Russian-style coat keeps him warm in the frigid temperatures. Ded Moroz typically delivers gifts on New Year’s Eve, with the aid of his three powerful horses. Brazil – Papai Noel Christmas falls during the summertime in Brazil, so Papai Noel, or “Father Noel” must discard some of his layers as he moves into the Southern Hemisphere. Instead of a heavy winter costume, his classic-red and white look is silk, so that he can stay cool while making deliveries. On Christmas Day, he places his gifts under brightly shining trees, created entirely from electric lights. Central Europe – Mikulas In many countries in Central Europe including Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovenia, Romania, Poland and Slovakia, Szent Miklos or Mikulas is celebrated as a historical figure like Saint Nicholas. The legend of Mikulas originated in Hungary and spread to other Central European countries. According to folklore, Mikulas, along with his assistants, visits homes on December 5th every year where good children are given gifts and candy, and children who have been naughty receive a wooden spoon, pieces of raw potatoes or lumps of coal from Mikulas’ mean assistant, Krampus. Japan – Hoteiosho Like Santa, he is an old man who carries a big sack over his back. However, unlike Santa, he has eyes in the back of his head which he uses to know when children are naughty or nice. Netherlands – Sinterklaas The Feast of Sinterklaas is observed in the Netherlands on December 6th but begins on December 5th during St. Nicholas’ Eve where people give out gifts, especially to the children. According to the local legend in the Netherlands, Sinterklaas is an aged man with a full white beard who rides on a white horse known as Amerigo moving from house to house, rewarding children for good behavior with gifts. France – Père Noël Like his American counterpart, he offers presents to children who were well-behaved during the year. His associate is Pere Fouettard who helps keep track of who has been naughty and who has been nice.

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2024-10-06T03:40:24Z

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Types of electrical measuring instruments are: Induction type instrument In this type of instruments, deflection coil is made of soft iron which moves in the magnetic field. This type of instrument is principally used for the measurement of alternating currents and voltages, though it can also be used for D.C measurements. There are two types of moving iron instruments: A soft iron rod fixed to the shaft is magnetized and pulled inside the coil, the force of attraction is proportional to the force of the field inside the coil, which again is proportional to the force of the current. When the current to be measured passes through the coil, a magnetic field is produced that draws the iron rod inward, thereby deflecting the pointer that moves on a calibrated scale. Two parallel rods of soft Iron are arranged along the axis of the fixed coil. One rod is fixed and other one will be movable. when current pass through both the rod, it induces a magnet field of same polarity causing repulsion between both the vanes resulting in the deflection of pointer. In this case the moving element is the current coil itself. There are two type of moving coil instrument: Permanent Magnet type: A coil wound in an aluminum or copper frame is placed in the radial magnetic field produced by a permanent U-shaped magnet provided with polar pieces of soft iron provided to reduce the magnetic field’s reluctance by the air gap. The permanent magnet in the mobile coil meter is replaced by electromagnetic coil. The movements of the electrodynamic meter use a stationary coil and mobile coils to develop interacting magnetic fields (ie, the electrodynamometer uses two electromagnetic fields in its operation). A hot wire is fixed between two points. The current must be measured to pass through the cable. As the current passes, the cable heats up and expands, sinking due to expansion. This extension is absorbed by the spring and silk thread, which makes the pulley turn, moving the pointer attached to it. It works according to the principle of induction, that is, in the production of parasitic currents in a system in motion through alternating flows. These parasitic currents induced in a moving system interact with each other to produce a motor torque because the disk rotates to record the energy. There are two types of induction type instruments: Ferraris-type induction instrument: A rotating magnetic field is produced by two pairs of coils wound on a laminated magnet system. These pairs of coils are supplied from the same source, but a phase shift of about 90° occurs in the current flowing in them by connecting one inductance in series with one pair and a high resistance with the other, to produce a rotating magnetic field. This rotating field induces currents in an aluminium drum and causes this drum to follow its rotation. If the drum can rotate freely, it will rotate at a speed slightly lower than that of the rotating field but in the same direction of the field. Shaded pole type induction instruments: It consists of a laminated electromagnet that has an air space in which an edge of a thin aluminium disc rotates. This disc is mounted on an axis that has a pointer and is equipped with a control spring. Approximately one-third of the pole of the electromagnet is surrounded by a copper band that provides a phase shift arrangement. When A.C current is supplied to the electromagnet, eddy currents are induced in the shading ring, and the flow within the shaded portion of the ring is delayed behind the main flow by an angle of 40-50°. This phase shift produces a torque on the rotating disk and measures the value of the current or voltage.

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2024-10-06T03:54:04Z

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Beauty of Nature as appreciated by Wordsworth Poetry, which came much before prose in human history, has been a vehicle for the spiritual and social progress in man. The natural world with its great beauty and mystery has long been a source of inspiration to poets. The Romantic poets like Wordsworth and Keats, who were active in the nineteenth century, experienced the most inspiration through nature, which they captured in their poetry. William Wordsworth, especially, in his poetry, uses descriptions of nature to raise the mind to mystic heights. With the advent of the Industrial Revolution, the attitude of people changed – from an awe of nature to a desire to harness everything natural for the benefit of man, which the Romantic poets viewed with concern. In his poems “The World is Too Much with Us” and “Nutting”, William Wordsworth makes use of the portrayal of the beauties of nature to deplore the greed of man who is mindlessly exploiting nature. Written in Germany, the poem “Nutting” evokes Wordsworth’s remembrance of turbulent feelings he had when he had gone’ nutting’ as a boy. William Wordsworth writes about a beautiful, pristine wood whose beauty and purity he had destroyed by his greed to gather the nuts . Continuing in the same vein, in ;The World is too much with Us;, the poet laments the heartlessness of humankind, which has come under the sway of unfathomable avarice, and which no longer is moved by the beauty of nature. Wordsworth describes the secret, unexplored place he went to after clambering over rocks and stepping over tangled ferns in ;Nutting;. It is a place of perfect peace where the poet’s heart experiences great joy. He describes the nook where he sits down among the flowers under the trees The poem conveys a deep sense of peace and meditation attained by man by connecting with nature. The final lines of the poem convey the spiritual feeling that the beauty of nature inspired in the poet. The symbolism of the plentiful hazelnut clusters which cover the trees alludes to the bounty of nature. The tattered old clothes the boy wears symbolizes the poverty of spirit of man. The poet describes how the unsullied nook is ravaged by the violent acts of the boy. Although he is now rich with the nuts he came to gather, he feels a twinge of guilt and pain when he gets a final glimpse of the virgin nook he has destroyed. The symbolism of the earth being exploited mercilessly and violently by man is evident in this poem. He tells us to cultivate a ‘gentleness of heart ‘and exhorts us to be gentle with nature so that we are in harmony with it. Wordsworth continues to regret the crass, materialistic attitude of man in his Petrarchan sonnet, “The World is too much with us.” He cries out that we waste our resources by consuming too much. He states that we are not in tune with nature any longer as we have become too insensitive. Using the powerful imagery of howling winds which are gathered up like flowers, the poet conveys a sense of urgency in his poem. By portraying the sea as laying bare its bosom to the moon, he alludes to the connectedness of every great and small thing in nature.. He feels angry that the beauty, mystery and force of nature have no effect on the insensitive soul of man, who is out of harmony with nature. The mercenary goals of man disgusts him so much that he wishes he were born as a pagan, who would have had a better communion with the sea and the land. For Wordsworth, nature is not something to be consumed and exploited, but nature is something that leads man to the universal soul. He makes use of his great descriptive talents to portray that humanity is losing its connected feeling with nature by following the materialistic ideals of getting and spending.

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en

Introduction: Kidney stones, those tiny but mighty mineral deposits formed within our kidneys, have been causing havoc in the human body for centuries. From their excruciating pain to the complications, they can lead to, kidney stones are a force to be reckoned with. In this blog, we’ll explore the world of kidney stones, their causes, symptoms, and available treatment options. So, let’s dive right in! I. The Formation of Kidney Stones - Calcium oxalate: The most common type of kidney stone, formed when calcium and oxalate join forces. - Uric acid: Occurs when urine is too acidic, leading to the formation of uric acid crystals. - Struvite stones: Develop as a result of urinary tract infections and are composed of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate. - Cystine stones: Rare and caused by a genetic disorder that affects the amino acid cystine. II. What Causes Kidney Stones? - Dehydration: Insufficient water intake can lead to concentrated urine, increasing the risk of stone formation. - Diet: Consuming excessive amounts of oxalate-rich foods like spinach, beets, and chocolate can contribute to stone formation. - Family history: If close relatives have had kidney stones, you are more likely to develop them too. - Obesity: Higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of kidney stones. - Certain medical conditions: Conditions such as urinary tract infections, hyperparathyroidism, and inflammatory bowel disease can increase the likelihood of stone formation. III. Symptoms and Diagnosis - Severe pain: Intense and fluctuating pain in the back, abdomen, or side is a classic symptom. - Hematuria: Blood in the urine, often visible to the naked eye, may indicate the presence of kidney stones. - Frequent urination: A persistent urge to urinate and an increased frequency can be signs of kidney stones. - Imaging tests: X-rays, ultrasounds, and CT scans help in identifying and locating kidney stones within the body. IV. Treatment Options - Drinking plenty of water: Staying hydrated helps flush out smaller stones and prevents the formation of new ones. - Medications: Depending on the type of stone, medications may be prescribed to prevent further stone formation or assist in passing them naturally. - Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL): High-energy sound waves are used to break up the stones into smaller pieces, making them easier to pass. - Ureteroscopy: A thin tube is inserted into the urinary tract to locate and remove or break up larger stones. - Surgery: In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove kidney stones that are causing severe symptoms or complications. V. Prevention is Key - Stay hydrated: Drinking an adequate amount of water throughout the day can help prevent stone formation. - Follow a balanced diet: Limiting the consumption of oxalate-rich foods and maintaining a balanced diet can reduce the risk of developing kidney stones. - Monitor your salt intake: Excessive salt consumption can increase the risk of stone formation. - Regular exercise: Staying physically active helps maintain overall health and may reduce the risk of kidney stone formation. Kidney stones may be small in size, but they can cause significant pain and discomfort. By understanding their causes, symptoms, and treatment options, we can take proactive steps to prevent their formation. Remember to stay hydrated, follow a healthy diet, and listen to your body’s signals. With the right knowledge and lifestyle choices, we can keep these tiny mineral intruders at bay and ensure a healthy, stone-free life.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://galaxyurocare.com/blogs/kidney-stones-a-painful-reminder-from-within/

2024-10-06T05:02:08Z

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en

Upon discovering the incredible coolness of monads, I decided that the closely related concept of comonads had to be at least as interesting. Unfortunately, far fewer people seem to be interested in this little underestimated cousin, at least not enough for anyone to post a spacesuit metaphor for them. But as always, when proper documentation is lacking, it suffices to ask the source. Okay, so this time the source didn't help much, since there are just types and no code. That's because monads and comonads are abstract classes (although Haskell probably uses a different terminology), whose implementation details are left to subclasses. Yet types alone can say a lot. If I gave you a mysterious function whose type was (a -> a) and which worked for any possible type a, it would be pretty clear that I gave you the identity function. If I gave you a mysterious function whose type was (a -> (a -> b) -> b) and which worked for any possible types a and b, it would be pretty clear that I gave you a function which applies its second argument to the first. And that's exactly the kind of behaviours which the mysterious return, extract, (>>=), and (=>>) must exhibit, except they must deal with the extra m and w stuff as well. Let's pause to ponder the apparent futility of a function which applies its second argument to the first. It is exactly like function application, but its arguments are in the opposite order. Why would anyone work backwards like this? Many people, in fact. So "binding a value to a function" is just functional-programming jargon for the standard object-oriented way of chaining computations together. What is incredible with monads and comonads is that each different m and w provides a slightly different behaviour for this dot operator. Who knew we could need more than one? A concrete monad or comonad implementation of a binding arrow, thus, simply applies its second argument to the first, and deals with the extra m or w stuff as well. Monad and comonad users must also deal with the extra m and w stuff, because they are the ones writing the (a -> m b) and (w a -> b) functions which (>>=) and (=>>) expect. Fortunately for them, return and extract can be used to lift their ordinary (a -> b) functions into a suitable form. The big difference between using monads, comonads, or the ordinary dot operator is the kind of non-lifted functions which can be used. For the ordinary dot operator there are none, for monads there are functions which can stuff something extra along the return value, and for comonads there are functions which can extract something extra out of the input value. A spacesuit example should follow soon.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://gelisam.blogspot.com/2007/04/i-understand-comonads.html

2024-10-06T04:52:22Z

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en

The hypotube is a professionally engineered metal tube that runs along the tube. This tube is a significant component of the catheter, where a long, narrow tube called a catheter is inserted into a blood vessel in your leg or arm. The catheter is guided through the blood vessel to the coronary arteries with the help of an X-ray machine. It penetrates the arteries through the hypotube that opens the clogged arteries with the use of balloons and stents. The balloon portion of the catheter is attached to the head of the lower tube. The more down tube is inserted into the body and guides the balloon along with a long, winding, and complex pathway into the blocked artery. Contrast material is injected through the catheter, and X-ray films are created as the contrast material moves through the heart chambers, valves, and major vessels. This part of the procedure is called coronary angiography. This trip entails the ability of the faint tube to avoid twisting while sliding through the dissection. Coronary artery disease is the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries in the heart. After cardiac catheterization, the coronary artery is opened, which increases blood flow to the heart. Cardiac catheterization is a procedure used to diagnose and treat some diseases of the heart and blood vessels. A long, thin tube called a catheter is inserted into an artery or vein in your groin, neck, or arm and connected through your blood vessels to your heart during cardiac catheterization. With this tube, doctors can perform diagnostic tests as part of a cardiac catheterization. Some heart disease treatments, such as coronary angioplasty and coronary stenting, are also done with cardiac catheterization. You are usually awake during the cardiac catheterization procedure, but you are given medications to help you relax. The recovery time for cardiac catheterization is fast, and there is a low risk of complications.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://glossary.guide/hypotube-definition-4127/

2024-10-06T04:52:46Z

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en

Pinyon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) woodlands occupy over 78,000 square miles of the Great Basin and northern Colorado Plateau. These woodlands have persisted for tens of thousands of years and provide important biodiversity and habitat for many species across the region. Yet, relatively recent infill of new trees into old-growth woodlands and expansion of trees into adjacent sagebrush-steppe, riparian, and aspen communities have created a considerable mix of concerns around wildfire, drought-mortality, invasive species, watershed function, tree removal, and loss of habitat, biodiversity, and resilience. This website provides background information on the ecology and management of PJ woodlands useful to the interested public and emerging information important to resource managers. 1) PJ 101 provides a brief introduction to and description of PJ woodlands with links to more in-depth information. 2) FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) briefly addresses questions related to the ecology and management of PJ woodlands. 3) Tools provides information and concepts for evaluating landscapes, which are specifically useful for predicting disturbance or vegetation management responses in PJ woodlands. 4) Literature provides brief summaries and links to recently published PJ woodlands studies. Study findings are highlighted and discussed in terms of our current understanding. This website will be continually updated with new articles, questions, and tools. Knowledge and experience allow us to better understand complex ecosystems. Author: Richard (Rick) Miller Use of photos: Photos from this website may be used only for non-profit purposes with credit given to the photographer. Frequently Asked Questions Questions in this section frequently come up in workshops, field tours, symposia, and general discussions related to pinyon-juniper woodlands. They are closely linked to woodland ecology, resilience, resistance to invasives, and restoration. Most are addressed in more depth in referenced citations and Miller et al. 2019. This question (Distinguishing Old-Growth (Presettlement) from Post-Settlement Woodlands) is answered in the Restoration Tools and Concepts section of the website. The largest western juniper is found in eastern Oregon. Its dimension are 233 inches in circumference (6.2 ft in diameter),… Over two dozen species of Indian paintbrush grow in the Intermountain Region, many of these are associated with pinyon-juniper woodlands…. Restoration Tools and Concepts “Removing pinyon-juniper woodlands in former sagebrush ecosystems to increase understory cover has a long management history, and short- and long-term monitoring reveal different understory plant community responses.” (Ernrst-Brock et al. 2019) Reading Landscapes: Predicting Post-Disturbance Succession One of the most valuable landscape manager skills is to be able to predict the short and long-term response of plant communities, watersheds, and landscapes to disturbance and vegetation management. A skillful manager is an expert detective, having a knowledge of the key components that drive plant succession and adept to pulling together all of the available evidence.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://greatbasinpinyonjuniper.org/

2024-10-06T03:51:51Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253397.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20241006030248-20241006060248-00409.warc.gz

en

City officials in Baltimore have seen one too many car accidents involving pedestrians, and they have dedicated themselves to doing something about it. Although the number of pedestrian and car accidents in the city is the lowest it has been in a decade, Baltimore still accounts for about 30 percent of car-pedestrian collisions in the state. Because of this, officials have launched “Street Smart,” a campaign aimed at teaching both drivers and walkers to be careful on the roads. They know, however, it will not be easy to change old habits. Baltimore drivers, for instance, frequently block intersections during rush hour or run red lights. Pedestrians don’t follow the rules that require them to use crosswalks and walk only when lights instruct them. One local transportation engineer said the project will take time to be successful and advised patience. It took a while, for example, to convince drivers and passengers to wear seat belts, and that has become a habit for most in the city. Last year, drivers hit 820 pedestrians in Baltimore, injuring 703 of them. Nine people died, according to figures compiled by Maryland’s State Highway Administration. The pedestrians were blamed in 70 percent of the accidents, according to the report. Statewide, 103 pedestrians died in accidents in 2011. A police major said his officers frequently concentrate their efforts in an area near a major university, where pedestrian accidents are not uncommon. About 200 tickets were written one weekend when officers worked in that area. The efforts also include the city putting yellow signs at crosswalks to remind walkers to look for cars and not to dash into the street. Officials also want to discourage people from either walking or driving while talking on their cellphones. Eliminating distracted driving is one of the easiest ways to reduce pedestrian accidents.

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CC-MAIN-2024-42

https://greenberglawyers.com/baltimore-leaders-want-stop-pedestrian-car-collisions

2024-10-06T03:11:59Z

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en