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鉴于最初在中国武汉发现的新型冠状病毒，请勿前往中国旅行。1月30日，世界卫生组织（WHO）确定迅速蔓延的疫情构成国际关注的突发公共卫生事件（PHEIC）。旅客应准备好在几乎没有或没有提前通知的情况下实施旅行限制。大多商业航空公司减少或暂停了往返中国的航线。 那些目前在中国的美国人应该尝试使用商业交通方式离开。留在中国的美国公民应遵守美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）和中国卫生部门有关预防、体征和症状及治疗的指导。我们强烈敦促留在中国的美国公民尽可能地待在家里，避免与他人接触，包括大型聚会。考虑储存食物和其他用品，以减少家以外的活动。如果情况进一步恶化，美国大使馆和领事馆向在中国的美国人提供援助的能力可能有限。 为了控制这种新型冠状病毒，中国官方已暂停了武汉周边地区的航空、公路和铁路旅行，并限制了全国范围的旅行和其他活动。美国国务院于2020年1月23日命令所有非应急美国人员及其家属离开武汉。美国国务院于2020年1月29日允许非应急人员和美国政府雇员的家庭成员自愿离开中国。美国国务院于2020年1月31日命令在中国的美国人员的所有21岁以下的家庭成员撤离。 美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)已经针对中国各地发出了旅行安全警告。CDC已发布了关于如何降低感染新型冠状病毒风险的建议。请访问CDC网页CDC网页 以了解有关新型冠状病毒的更多信息，包括预防、体征和症状以及治疗。了解更多：https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

Do not travel to China due to the novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China. On January 30, the World Health Organization (WHO) determined the rapidly spreading outbreak constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Travelers should be prepared for the possibility of travel restrictions with little or no advance notice. Most commercial air carriers have reduced or suspended routes to and from China. Those currently in China should attempt to depart by commercial means. U.S. citizens remaining in China should follow the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Chinese health authorities’ guidance for prevention, signs and symptoms, and treatment. We strongly urge U.S. citizens remaining in China to stay home as much as possible and limit contact with others, including large gatherings. Consider stocking up on food and other supplies to limit movement outside the home. In the event that the situation deteriorates further, the ability of the U.S.  Embassy and Consulates to provide assistance to U.S. nationals within China may be limited. In an effort to contain the novel coronavirus, the Chinese authorities have suspended air, road, and rail travel in the area around Wuhan and placed restrictions on travel and other activities throughout the country. On January 23, 2020, the Department of State ordered the departure of all non-emergency U.S. personnel and their family members from Wuhan. On January 29, 2020, the Department of State allowed for the voluntary departure of non-emergency personnel and family members of U.S. government employees from China. On January 31, 2020, the Department of State ordered the departure of all family members under age 21 of U.S. personnel in China. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a warning for all of China. The CDC has published suggestions on how to reduce your risk of contracting the Novel Coronavirus. Visit the CDC webpage for expanded information about the Novel Coronavirus, including prevention, signs and symptoms, and treatment.

美国驻华使领馆商务处诚邀您在2022年3月14日-25日参加”Smart Mobility Moves the World” 线上交流活动，这是我们首次围绕智慧移动和智能交通系统(ITS)等主题进行的为期两周24小时不间断的全球线上交流活动。 此次交流机会面向寻找进口美国相关设备、产品和服务的政府及采购部门，国内经销商、采购商、进口商、合作伙伴和行业协会。 如果您有本地采购机会或市政项目，并且正在寻找与优质、尖端的美国供应商会面的机会，那么这次活动不容错过！ 在此计划中，您将能够： 在访问以下网址注册成功后查找注册美国公司列表：https://itamatch.com/event/smartmobility (中国公司免费注册，网站及相关信息均为英语） 如需获取更多信息，请联系： 谈女士，美国驻华使馆商务处，feng.tan@trade.gov 欧阳女士，美国驻上海领馆商务处，lisa.ouyang@trade.gov 陈先生，美国驻广州领馆商务处，karic.chen@trade.gov 乐女士，美国驻武汉领馆商务处，catherine.le@trade.gov 孙女士，美国驻沈阳领馆商务处，dongmei.sun@trade.gov   The U.S. Commercial Service China would like to invite you to participate (for free) in Smart Mobility Moves the World (March 14 – 25, 2022).  This is our 1st 24-hour / 2-week Global Networking Event targeting Smart Mobility, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), and related sectors. This networking opportunity is for government/procurement officials, distributors, buyers, importers, partners, and local industry multipliers in China seeking to import U.S. equipment/products and services. If you have local procurement opportunities or municipal projects and are looking to identify and meet with quality, cutting-edge U.S. suppliers, this is the event that you do not want to miss! During this program you will be able to: Find a list of global registrants at: https://itamatch.com/event/smartmobility

The U.S. Commercial Service China would like to invite you to participate (for free) in Smart Mobility Moves the World (March 14 – 25, 2022).  This is our 1st 24-hour / 2-week Global Networking Event targeting Smart Mobility, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), and related sectors. This networking opportunity is for government/procurement officials, distributors, buyers, importers, partners, and local industry multipliers in China seeking to import U.S. equipment/products and services. If you have local procurement opportunities or municipal projects and are looking to identify and meet with quality, cutting-edge U.S. suppliers, this is the event that you do not want to miss! During this program you will be able to: Find a list of global registrants at: https://itamatch.com/event/smartmobility   美国驻华使领馆商务处诚邀您在2022年3月14日-25日参加”Smart Mobility Moves the World” 线上交流活动，这是我们首次围绕智慧移动和智能交通系统(ITS)等主题进行的为期两周24小时不间断的全球线上交流活动。 此次交流机会面向寻找进口美国相关设备、产品和服务的政府及采购部门，国内经销商、采购商、进口商、合作伙伴和行业协会。 如果您有本地采购机会或市政项目，并且正在寻找与优质、尖端的美国供应商会面的机会，那么这次活动不容错过！ 在此计划中，您将能够： 在访问以下网址注册成功后查找注册美国公司列表：https://itamatch.com/event/smartmobility (中国公司免费注册，网站及相关信息均为英语） 如需获取更多信息，请联系： 谈女士，美国驻华使馆商务处，feng.tan@trade.gov 欧阳女士，美国驻上海领馆商务处，lisa.ouyang@trade.gov 陈先生，美国驻广州领馆商务处，karic.chen@trade.gov 乐女士，美国驻武汉领馆商务处，catherine.le@trade.gov 孙女士，美国驻沈阳领馆商务处，dongmei.sun@trade.gov

2020年8月9日 美国东部夏令时间上午10:26 发言人办公室 我们澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰和英国的外长及美国国务卿，对香港政府不公正地取消候选人资格及不当推迟立法会选举感到严重关切。这些举措破坏了民主进程这一香港稳定与繁荣之根本。 我们对北京强行实施新的《国家安全法》深表关切，该法正在侵蚀香港人民的基本权利和自由。 我们支持香港人民通过真正自由、公平和可信的选举来选举立法会议员的正当期望。我们呼吁香港政府恢复丧失资格的候选人的候选资格，以便选举能够在有利于行使民主权利和自由的环境中进行，正如在《基本法》所庄严载入的。北京在于联合国备案的条约《中英联合声明》中曾承诺在“一国两制”原则下给予香港人民自治和自由，它必须履行其承诺。我们敦促香港政府尽快举行选举。

08/09/2020 10:26 AM EDT Office of the Spokesperson We the Foreign Ministers of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, and the United States Secretary of State are gravely concerned by the Hong Kong government’s unjust disqualification of candidates and disproportionate postponement of Legislative Council elections. These moves have undermined the democratic process that has been fundamental to Hong Kong’s stability and prosperity. We express deep concern at Beijing’s imposition of the new National Security Law, which is eroding the Hong Kong people’s fundamental rights and liberties. We support the legitimate expectations of the people of Hong Kong to elect Legislative Council representatives via genuinely free, fair, and credible elections. We call on the Hong Kong government to reinstate the eligibility of disqualified candidates so that the elections can take place in an environment conducive to the exercise of democratic rights and freedoms as enshrined in the Basic Law. Beijing promised autonomy and freedoms under the “One Country, Two Systems” principle to the Hong Kong people in the Sino-British Joint Declaration, a U.N.-registered treaty, and must honor its commitments. We urge the Hong Kong government to hold the elections as soon as possible.

白宫 新闻秘书办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区（Washington, D.C.） 2020年4月8日 特朗普总统、副总统彭斯和抗击冠状病毒工作小组成员在新闻发布会发表讲话 詹姆斯·布雷迪新闻发布厅（James S. Brady Press Briefing Room） 美国东部夏令时间下午5:47 摘译 *          *          *          * 国务卿蓬佩奥：谢谢总统先生。在总统领导下，我在国务院的团队和我本人正尽我们的力量保护美国人民不受病毒的伤害，同时帮助他们返回祖国也是一件很重要的工作。 众所周知， 由于很多国家都关闭了铁路交通、汽车客运、基础设置系统，关系到撤离这些国家的能力——他们被困在那里，他们陷入困境——国务院为此闻风而动采取行动。 自1月29日至今，我们已安排490多个航班从世界各地飞回美国，帮助50,000多美国公民从90多个国家回到自己的祖国。我们在全世界范围内采取撤侨行动的规模在我们一生中可谓前所未有。我们正与各方面进行协调，涉及外国政府、军队、机场当局、医疗单位、运输公司、旅馆等等，数不胜数。我们正与他们合作，确保美国人能够回国与家人团聚。 你们可以看到，在我背后是一幅航班地图，说明我们撤侨的情况……遍及世界各地。每一天我都有机会听取我们的团队汇报的感人事件。我可以举几个例子。 我们驻秘鲁的使团：与秘鲁军队和警察部队一起安排内河船只溯流而上——前往上游接回被困在亚马逊（Amazon）森林深处的公民。 *          *          *          * 国务院撤侨工作小组（Repatriation Task Force）、我们的领事官员杰出地完成了任务。我感谢我们在国防部（Department of Defense）的伙伴为其中一些航班返回国内提供了帮助，还要感谢其他政府机构——我们在本届美国政府各部门的兄弟姐妹为撤回这些人员提供了帮助。 最后，除了我们的撤侨努力外，我们还继续为世界各地的国家提供帮助。我们有疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的官员通过自己的专长帮助这些国家，关注这些国家保障本国公民安康的所有需求，从而我们可以恢复世界各地的经济——全球经济——在这场危机结束后重新站起来。 *          *          *          * 问：国务卿先生，这些工作人员中有多少冠状病毒检测呈阳性？他们得到检测了吗？他们将隔离吗？如果你要将50,000人撤出国家首都，世界各地国家的首都，这会对海外的外交努力有什么影响？ 国务卿蓬佩奥：这50,000人中的绝大多数不是我们的外交官。这些是在那里的普通公民，他们是在出差或者因为商务原因，或者在做人生难得的旅行。我们看到游轮上有这样一些人，但是当然全球各地都有被困住的人。 所以我们的使领馆——除去在武汉，我们将那里的所有人撤离了——我们在全球其他地方的设施都办公。我们有少数人现在检测呈阳性，但是我们感到对此有不错的掌控，我们正在尽一切努力确保不仅国务院官员，而且我们国防部在这些使团工作的同事，都在以减少给他们和他们的健康带来风险的方式工作。 *          *          *          * 问：非常感谢。你觉得中国保持——扣住了重要信息不让美国知道吗？这将有任何后果吗？ 国务卿蓬佩奥：你知道，这不是一个需要报应的时候，但仍是一个需要明确和透明的时候。我们仍在就这个问题进行努力。这些有能力的人仍然需要数据，以便对如何研发治疗方法和疫苗以及如何了解这个病毒在哪里作出分析。 所以，每个国家，包括中国在内——每个国家都需要对他们国家出现的情况做到透明。他们需要分享这个数据——我们向世界分享了我们的数据——从而让世界上最优秀的科学家能够作出正确的结论，让这个经济，让这个全球经济尽快回到我们所希望的状态。 每个国家都有这个责任。它从中国境内开始，所以他们有特殊责任快速和迅速地正确对待。要询问每一个国家。随着我们未来数日和数周向前推进，确保我们分享这点。要做——要做得正确。要做得好。当我们这样做的时候，我们就会重新起来。 问：但是一开始，他们是否应该更早地与美国分享他们的数据？ 国务卿蓬佩奥：所有国家都有责任准确、及时、全面、透明和彻底地分享信息，一经得到信息尽快这样做。我们将等到另外一个时候再评估所有国家做得如何。 *          *          *          * 问：你说中国有责任得到正确数字。你如何宽泛地形容现在与中国的合作？ 国务卿蓬佩奥：我们一直有许多合作的领域，对吗？他们正在提供我们所需要的帮助。在实地一些地方我们现在确实能够得到我们需要的数据，我们对此深深感谢。 他们说了他们希望合作。我们完全有准备与他们合作。这个合作意味着分享数据，透明，坦率，让信息自由流通。这是我们的期待，不是——但是不是仅对中国——而是对今天在这个处境中的所有国家。 *          *          *          * 结束 美东夏令时间晚7:32

James S. Brady Press Briefing Room SECRETARY POMPEO:  Thank you, Mr. President. Under the President’s leadership, my team and I at the State Department are doing our part to protect the American people from the virus and, importantly, to get them home. As you know, when many countries shut down their rail lines, their buses, their infrastructure systems, the capacity to get out of those countries — they were trapped, they’re stranded — the State Department swung into action. Since January 29th, we have now repatriated over 50,000 United States citizens back to their homes from more than 90 countries, more than 490 flights back to the United States from all across the world.  This worldwide scale of our repatriation efforts is without parallel in our lifetime.  We are coordinating with foreign governments, militaries, airport authorities, medical units, transportation companies, hotels, you name it.  We’re working with them to make sure the American people get back to be with their families. You can see, behind me, the map of the flights, that we have brought back people from all across the world.  Every day, I get a chance to hear some of the remarkable stories from our team.  Let me give you just a couple of examples. Our mission in Peru: Working with the Peruvian military and police forces to send riverboats up the — up the river to get citizens that were stranded deep inside the Amazon forest. … The Repatriation Task Force at State Department, our consular officers have done great work.  I want to thank our partners in the Department of Defense who have helped with some of these flights back home and other government agencies — our sisters and brothers across the United States government in this administration that have helped get these people back. And then, lastly, aside from our repatriation efforts, we continue to help countries around the world as well.  We’ve got CDC officials helping these countries with expertise and all the things that these countries need to get their citizens safe and healthy and back so that we can get the economy all across the world — the global economy — back on its feet when this crisis is over. Q    Mr. Secretary, how many of these staffers have tested positive for coronavirus?  Have they been tested?  Are they going into quarantine?  And what does this do to diplomatic efforts overseas if you’re pulling 50,000 people out of state capitals — or national capitals, nation capitals all over the world? SECRETARY POMPEO:  So the vast majority of these 50,000 weren’t our officers.  These were ordinary citizens who were there, traveling for business or for commercial or for their trip of a lifetime.  We’ve seen some of them in the cruise ships, but of course they’re stranded all over the world. So our embassies — save for the one that is in Wuhan, which we did pull everybody out of — the rest of our facilities around the world are all open.  We’ve had a handful of our folks now test positive, but we feel like we have a good handle on it and we’re doing everything we can to make sure that not just the State Department officials, but our Department of Defense colleagues that are working on these missions as well are doing so in a way that reduces risk to them and their wellbeing also. Q    Thank you so much.  Do you feel like China held — withheld critical information from the United States?  And will there be any consequences for that? SECRETARY POMPEO:  You know, this is not the time for retribution, but it is still the time for clarity and transparency.  We’re still working on this problem set.  There’s still data that these good people need so that they can perform their analysis of how to both develop therapeutics and a vaccine and to understand where this virus is. So, every country, China included — every country needs to be transparent about what’s gone on in their country.  They need to share that data — we share ours with the world — so that the best scientists in the world can get to the right conclusions and bring this economy, this global economy back to the place that we all want it to be as quickly as we can. Every country has that responsibility.  It started in China, and so they had that special responsibility to get it right quickly and fast.  Ask every country.  As we move forward in the days and weeks ahead, make sure we share that.  Do it — do it right.  Do it well.  And when we do, we’ll get this thing back on. Q    But early on, should they have shared their data sooner with the United States? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Every country has an obligation to share that information accurately, timely, completely, transparently, and thoroughly, just as quickly as they can gather it.  We’ll leave for another time to evaluate how everyone did in that. Q    You said that China has a responsibility to get correct figures.  How would you broadly characterize cooperation with China right now? SECRETARY POMPEO:  There’s lots of places we’ve been cooperating, right?  They’re providing us assistance where we need it.  There are places on the ground now where we do have access to the data we need, and we’re deeply appreciative of that. They’ve said they want to cooperate.  We’re completely prepared to cooperate with them.  That cooperation means sharing data, being transparent, being upfront, allowing information to flow freely.  That’s our expectation, not — not just of China, though — of every country that is in this place today.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 即时发布 简报 2022年1月20日   俄罗斯持续散布的五大虚假信息言论   多年以来，俄罗斯编造了一系列虚假言论，由其虚假信息和宣传鼓吹的生态系统持续不断地注入全球信息环境中。这些言论起到了一种模板的作用，使克里姆林宫能够调整有关言论，但有一点保持不变——在为支持其政策目的而制造信息环境时全然无视事实真相。   俄罗斯军队和情报实体正在俄罗斯的整个虚假信息和宣传鼓吹的生态系统中参与这项活动，其中包括恶意的社交媒体操作、公开及隐蔽地使用在线代理媒体，在电视和广播节目中掺加虚假信息，主办各种会议以影响与会者，导致他们错误地以为乌克兰——而不是俄罗斯——应对该地区日益紧张的局势负责，并利用网络活动来污损媒体并采取黑入与泄露行动。   以下是屡见不鲜的五大俄罗斯虚假信息的主题，克里姆林宫目前正在重新进行调整，以试图让有关它在乌克兰的行动的虚假言论充斥信息环境：   第一大主题：“俄罗斯是无辜的受害者”   俄罗斯政府官员用谎言将俄罗斯描绘成一个一贯的受害者，称其挑衅行径是为应对美国以及我们的民主盟友和伙伴的所谓行动而被迫采取的。为进一步宣扬这些言论，俄罗斯借助于它最喜欢用的标签之一来试图反击：“恐俄症”。在2014年入侵乌克兰之后，俄罗斯政府及国家控制的虚假信息机构开始指控任何质疑俄罗斯的行为的人都抱有仇外的恐俄症。   例如，俄罗斯声称国际社会对其入侵一个独立国家的行为的负面反应完全是出于人们对俄罗斯的恐惧和仇恨。根据以下图表，在俄罗斯军队入侵乌克兰之前，恐俄症并不是俄罗斯外交部或国家出资运营的虚假信息机构所严重关切的问题。有关“恐俄症”的声称持续地出现在一系列话题中，而且俄罗斯政府只要在实为挑衅者却佯装受害者时，都会利用这一言论。 显示“恐俄症”（Russophobia）和“恐俄症者”（Russophobe）两个词在2001年至2017年期间被俄罗斯外交部、俄罗斯卫星通讯社和今日俄罗斯所提及的次数。（来源：DFRLab）   第二大主题：历史修正主义   当历史进程不符合克里姆林宫的政治目的时，俄罗斯政府官员及其代理发声者便否认历史事件或歪曲历史史实，以试图粉饰俄罗斯的形象，服务于其国内及地缘政治图谋。   例如，1939年苏联与纳粹德国之间的促使第二次世界大战加快爆发的互不侵犯条约，又称《莫洛托夫—里宾特洛甫条约》（Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact），给普京政权造成了政治上的不便。2020年，普京试图淡化斯大林同希特勒保持一致的决定并为其辩解，因而发表了一篇歪曲二战爆发史实的文章，对苏联的作用轻描淡写，并转而指责其他国家应为二战负责。俄罗斯还往往会得寸进尺，给不赞同它歪曲历史的人贴上纳粹或纳粹同情者的标签。   克里姆林宫还将这个模式用于乌克兰建国的历史、北约组织在苏联解体期间的行动、其古拉格（GULAG）监狱系统、被称为Holodomor的乌克兰大饥荒，以及其他诸多克里姆林宫在历史上的所作所为不能为其目前的政治目的服务的事件。   第三大主题：“西方文明即将崩溃”   俄罗斯推行的谬论称，西方文明正在崩溃并因确保男女同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者、酷儿、间性人等人士（LGBTQI+）的安全和平等和促进像妇女平等和文化多元等观念而偏离了“传统价值观”。西方文明的灭亡是俄罗斯最古老的虚假信息用语之一，“西方衰败”之称从19世纪以来就有记载。这种以“价值观”为基础的虚假信息引出一些含糊其辞的概念，包括“传统”，“家庭价值观”和“心灵精神”。俄罗斯称，俄罗斯是所谓“传统价值观”和性别角色的堡垒，是抗衡美国和西方国家堕落的道德力量。例如，普京总统宣称，西方实际上取消了“母亲”和“父亲”的概念，代之以“家长一和二”，外交部长拉夫罗夫则写道，西方学生“在学校学的是耶稣基督是双性人”。   第四大主题：“群众运动是美国赞助的‘颜色革命’”   克里姆林宫难以接受每个人都应享有言论自由的人权和政府应对其人民负责。俄罗指指责美国在格鲁吉亚、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯共和国、摩尔多瓦、乌克兰和整个中东地区和非洲或煽动暴乱或策划“颜色革命”。如果一个群众运动是支持民主和支持改革，不被视为合乎俄罗斯的地缘政治利益，克里姆林宫往往会攻击其合法性，并声称美国暗在其幕后。这些毫无根据的指责经常针对地方和跨国的公民社会组织，以及将违反人权和腐败行为曝光的独立媒体。克里姆林宫试图否认邻邦国家人民有能力、尊严和独立的愿望伸张他们自己的权利，就像它否认俄罗斯人民具有这些素质一样。   第五大主题：现实是由克里姆林宫任意定义   在真相不符合其利益时，克里姆林宫频频力图制造多重虚假现实，并给信息环境注入混乱迷茫。俄罗斯官员经常为蓄意制造困惑，提出旨在替俄罗斯政府的作用进行开脱的论点，即便一些说法相互矛盾。而最终，采用多种相互矛盾的说法本身就成为一种手段，意在制造困惑和有碍反响。俄罗斯虚假信息和宣传生态系统的其他成分，例如滥用国家出资运营的虚假信息媒体和被变为攻击工具的社交媒体，帮助推动多重虚假说法。   例如，全世界一目了然，俄罗斯在2018年3月4日试图用神经毒剂诺维乔克（Novichok）在英国索尔兹伯里（Salisbury）暗杀前俄罗斯军事情报官员谢尔盖·涅姆佐夫（Sergei Skripal）和他的女儿尤利娅（Yulia）。伦敦大学国王学院政策所（Policy Institute at King’s College London）指出，在事件发生后的四个星期里，俄罗斯国家出资运营和指使的媒体今日俄罗斯（RT）和俄罗斯卫星通讯社（Sputnik）通过735篇文章散发了138条不同和相互矛盾的说法。   俄罗斯在其他事件后采用了同样的用大批虚假说法充斥信息空间的手法，如在马来西亚航空公司17号航班被击落后，以及在俄罗斯2008年入侵并持续占领格鲁吉亚以后，为的是分散有关其在事件中的角色的言论。这些做法的目的也是为困惑他人并操纵事实，以满足符合克里姆林宫的利益。   # # # ____________________________________________________________________ 欲查看原稿内容:   https://www.state.gov/russias-top-five-persistent-disinformation-narratives/

FACT SHEET OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON JANUARY 20, 2022 Over many years, Russia has fabricated a set of false narratives that its disinformation and propaganda ecosystem persistently injects into the global information environment.  These narratives act like a template, which enables the Kremlin to adjust these narratives, with one consistency – a complete disregard for truth as it shapes the information environment to support its policy goals. Russian military and intelligence entities are engaging in this activity across Russia’s disinformation and propaganda ecosystem, to include malign social media operations, the use of overt and covert online proxy media outlets, the injection of disinformation into television and radio programming, the hosting of conferences designed to influence attendees into falsely believing that Ukraine, not Russia, is at fault for heightened tensions in the region, and the leveraging of cyber operations to deface media outlets and conduct hack and release operations. Here are five major reoccurring Russian disinformation themes that the Kremlin is currently readjusting in an attempt to fill the information environment with false narratives about its actions in Ukraine. Theme #1: “Russia is an Innocent Victim” Russian government officials falsely portray Russia as a perpetual victim and its aggressive actions as a forced response to the alleged actions of the United States and our democratic allies and partners.  To further these claims, Russia turns to one of its favorite labels to attempt to hit back: “Russophobia.”  After invading Ukraine in 2014, the Russian government and state-controlled disinformation outlets began to accuse anyone who questioned Russia’s actions of being xenophobic Russophobes. For example, Russia claims that the international community’s negative reaction to its invasion of an independent country was simply because people feared and hated Russia.  According to the chart below, Russophobia was not an issue of major concern to the Russian Foreign Ministry or state-funded disinformation outlets until the Russian military invaded Ukraine.  Claims of “Russophobia” persist across a range of topics and are employed whenever the Russian government wants to play the victim, when it is actually the aggressor.

2020年2月25日 卫生与公众服务部(HHS)部长亚历克斯·阿扎尔（Alex Azar） 疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)首席副主任安妮·舒查特（Anne Schuchat） 国家过敏症和传染病研究所（NIAID）所长安东尼·福奇（Anthony Fauci） 卫生与公众服务部防备与应急反应事务助理部长罗伯特·卡德莱克（Robert Kadlec） 食品和药物管理局（FDA）局长斯蒂芬·哈恩（ Stephen Hahn） 阿扎尔：……今天与我一道在这里的有来自亚特兰大（Atlanta）疾病控制与预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的首席副主任安妮·舒查特博士、来自国家过敏症和传染病研究所（National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease）的托尼·福奇博士、卫生与公众服务部防备和应急反应事务助理部长罗伯特·卡德莱克博士以及食品和药物管理局（FDA）局长斯蒂芬·哈恩博士。截至今天上午，在美国发现的中国冠状病毒病例仍然是14例，都涉及曾到中国旅行或与旅行者有过密切接触的人。 我们在从武汉撤回的美国人中有三个病例，在从日本钻石公主号（Diamond Princess）游轮撤回的美国乘客中有40个病例。我要感谢应急人员和有关社区与卫生与公众服务部及本政府合作，为这些美国人提供了所需的治疗。我也感谢迄今与我们密切合作的州长以及其他州和地方领导人。 美国公众面临的直接风险仍然很低，但正如我们所警告的那样，这种情况有可能很快改变。现在，一些国家有社区传播，包括在亚洲以外的国家。这一点令人深感担忧，其他国家的社区传播将使我们在边境成功遏制变得越来越困难。正是由于这个原因，我们已经与州、地方和私营行业合作伙伴展开密切合作，为减少病毒在美国可能出现的传播做好准备，因为我们很可能会看到更多病例的出现，就像我们在这次情况中一直所说。 舒查特博士将对将出现的情形提供更多细节，包括我们将如何对待在美国由社区传播引起的可能病例。这种防备工作之所以可能，部分原因是特朗普（Trump）总统对疫情所做出的迅速积极反应。我们在得知这种新型病毒带来的威胁之后，公共卫生部门领导人立即予以监视并着手准备应对。 总统在本月初采取的旅行限制给了我国宝贵的时间继续进行准备，而这正是上述措施的目的。这也包括与国会合作。昨天，白宫中心已经请求国会提供至少25亿美元的资金用于防备和应急。 在增补的这项请求中有五大重点，我今天上午在参议院拨款委员会（Senate Appropriations Committee）上做了着重强调。首先，我们需要在疾控中心流感监测网络现有系统的基础上扩大我们的监测工作。第二，我们将需要资金支持公共卫生防备，帮助州和地方政府应对这个可能是非常大规模的应急需要。我们并不能确定，但我们必须做好准备以防万一。上述资金是对这些地方合作伙伴从疾控中心得到的大量防备资金的补充，近年来每年大约十亿美元拨款中的三分之二以此为目的。 第三和第四，我们需要支持研发治疗方案和疫苗。鉴于此次疫情的规模，私营业看到在应对和在诊断领域确实有市场，而来自联邦政府的资金和指导可以加速这方面的工作。福奇博士将更深入地谈这方面工作的现状。 第五，也是最后一点，我们需要资金，购买人员防护装备，进行战略性国家储备，这个问题将由卡德莱克博士来谈。最后，我要指出，尽管由于日程冲突使总统的冠状病毒特别工作组的其他成员无法出席今天的通报会，我们将很快提供来自跨机构领导人的最新情况通报，并预期在未来会保持定期通报。今天下午早些时候，国家经济委员会主任拉里·库德洛（Larry Kudlow ）在CNBC电视台介绍了我们对此次疫情对经济影响的最新看法。今天早上，疾控中心的梅索尼耶（Messonnier）博士也做了日常电话简报……。 舒查特：……在有报告说中国武汉出现了一种类似流感的不明病状后，美国政府立即针对新型冠状病毒有可能传入我国做出反应。美国就一直在采用积极的遏制战略，要求尽可能检测、追踪和隔离所有病例，并防止更多的输入病例，特别是在入境口岸。 我们已经对入境美国实行了限制，并针对目前正在经历疫情几乎扩散的国家发布了多次旅行提示。随着我们不断获得新的信息，我们的旅行通告也几乎每天都在调整，我们相信这些预防措施都是有效的。 到目前为止，正如阿扎尔部长所描述的，我们的公共卫生系统在美国旅行者或与旅行者有密切接触的人员当中发现了14个病例。在被国务院从中国武汉和钻石公主号接回的旅行者中，分别还有3个和40个病例。我们能够将病例控制在如此低数量，这本身就是一个成就，特别是考虑到我们很不幸地看到，在越来越多的其他国家开始出行社区性传播。 根据我们目前掌握的情况，我们认为美国当前面临的仍然是低风险，我们正在努力保持这样的低风险。但我们必须利用这段时间，继续为可能出现的在美国的社区传播做准备。准备工作的一部分是教育公众以及我们的州、地方和私营业合作伙伴，一旦形势发生变化，让大家知道什么是从积极的遏制措施转为社区措施或社区减缓措施……。 然而，目前的全球状况表明，这种病毒很可能会导致大流行。在这种情况下，风险评估将不同，这将需要实施因地适宜的新战略，以减轻疾病的影响，进一步减缓病毒的传播。这些干预措施在社区一级将依据当地情况和新出现的病毒严重程度信息而各有不同……。 正如在座的一些人今天可能已经从疾控中心的梅索尼耶博士那里听到，我们已经开始向公众宣传减少病毒传播的做法。有一些是显而易见的常识性手段，比如良好的卫生习惯，保持人际距离，比如生病时要待在家里，就像是我们过去在艰难时期，例如在2009年H1N1流感大流行期间所做的一样。我们将对这些手段以及在它们成为必要手段时对公众保持透明……。 福奇：……我将给大家做一个非常简短的有关应对措施的情况通报，在过去几周我已经多次向各位介绍过。首先是关于疫苗。大家可能还记得，我在第一次介绍疫苗的时候提到，在病毒基因序列在公共数据库公布后，短期之内我们就启动了一个疫苗开发计划，这是由国立卫生研究院（NIH）和阿斯珀（Asper）的Botter（SP）以及还有一些个体人士共同支持的项目之一，各方已经合作一段时间了。 就目前而言，我认为其中一种疫苗可以作为疫苗的原型。大家可能还记得我说过，从测出病毒序列开始，我们希望在两到三个月内进行临床试验。正如我所言，如果不出任何差错，这将是有史以来任何一种疫苗的最快进度，从我们识别出一种病原体到在第一阶段试验中将其注入人体。我很高兴在今天下午向各位汇报，我们在按期向前推进，甚至比预期还要更好一点……。 因此，在接下来的几个月时间可能还是没有疫苗可用，但疫苗肯定会是我们将有的一个重要工具，就此我们将随时向各位通报。 第二，也是我的最后一点，关于治疗干预问题。我们现在正在研究的一些候选疗法，它们在体外实验、动物模型或在中东呼吸综合征（MERS）爆发期间进行的一些实证研究中已经显示出了一些迹象。我们正在考虑的还有几种药物，其中一种，叫做瑞德西韦（Remdesivir），是由吉利德公司（Gilead）研制的一种核苷酸类似物。就在我现在说话时，有两个重大的临床试验正在中国进行，都是随机对照试验，这意味着在一段合理时间内，无论该药物是否有效，我们都将得到一个答案……。 卡德莱克：……从钻石公主号上撤离的旅客正在国防部下属的两个设施完成为期14天的隔离，其中一个位于加利福尼亚（California），另一个位于得克萨斯（Texas）。我国疾控中心的救灾医疗系统的医疗专业人员正在持续监测这些旅客的健康状况。任何出现病状的旅客都会被转移出国防部设施，并接受病毒检测。如果检测结果显示新冠病毒阳性，将不能待在军事设施内，并将被安全送到我们的特殊病原体治疗中心网络机构，如内布拉斯加州立大学医疗中心（University of Nebraska Medical Center），这也是我们积极遏制的一个组成部分。 这些旅客被安置在上述设施中仅仅是为了检疫和隔离。这些人中的大多数通常并不需要高强度的医疗护理。在这些中心，遭受感染的患者可以参加福奇博士前面提到的有关瑞德西韦的临床试验。我们很荣幸帮助国立卫生研究院安排在这些特殊的治疗中心内进行临床试验……。 我们还做好准备在指定的军事设施为疾控中心和国土安全部提供支持，在这些设施中，可对乘坐商业航班返回的美国人根据他们的旅行史进行隔离。最近接待此类旅行者的地点是位于文图拉县（Ventura）穆古角（Point Mugu）的海军基地，有一名美国人正在那里完成隔离……。 哈恩：……食品和药物管理局是积极参与新型冠状病毒应对措施的一个合作伙伴，我们与政府、卫生与公众服务部的公共卫生合作伙伴以及国际同行密切合作。 我们的工作是多方面的，重点是积极推进诊断、治疗、预防疾病的努力，监督医疗产品供应链以防可能出现的短缺或中断，并在必要时帮助减轻这种影响……。 在检查方面，今年2月和3月，食品和药物管理局在中国确定了大约100项定期检查，其中绝大多数是例行监督检查。目前这些检查只是暂时推迟，将在晚些时候进行。需要记住，这些延迟的例行监督检查可以在一年中的任何时候发生。虽然在中国的检查因为国务院发出的旅行建议而被推迟，但我们将派遣调查人员到世界其他地方，以确保我们按时完成今年的检查计划……。 阿扎尔：所以，我们目前打算继续对中国实行旅行限制。这种病毒仍在中国传播。我们每天仍看到上百例的病例上报，如果它们是全部信息的话。每天仍有数十人甚至更多的死亡报告。 我们当然希望中国能够采取有效的遏制措施，减缓这种病毒的传播。但在当前，没有任何迹象表明我们将改变针对中国旅行所采取的积极的遏制措施。 不过，重要的是要记住，我们所采取的这些旅行措施是非常有限和少量的。它们只是基于14天，也就是预测的最长潜伏期。因此，在过去14天中曾经去过中国的外国人将不得进入美国。当然，美国公民或永久居民可以返回美国，但是要求他们完成为期14天的隔离居住。 这不是一项禁令。这只是依据我们的公共卫生措施而采取的一个临时性限制。所以，我们尽可能对旅行者保持尊重。当然了，这些限制并不是要把美国人和永久居民与非美国人相对，而仅仅是为了更好地集中我们的资源。 我们的措施并非针对任何人的族裔或者——或者其他任何因素，因为，正如前面提到的，重要的是，我们不参与任何——人们不相信，由于某人的族裔，他们就更有可能患有或不患有这种病。我们的标准是基于在受感染地区的旅行，以及基于流行病学和证据而对到受感染地区旅行发出警……。 阿扎尔：……例如，在国外，疫情正在迅速蔓延。在美国，这种疾病——正如舒查特医生所言——受到遏制，这要归功于总统以及这支团队积极主动的遏制努力。我们现在已有两周没有在美国出现新病例。2月11日有14个病例，今天还是14个病例。在美国这里的这种遏制程度十分显著。我们所有的新病例全部都是在我们人道主义的接返回国的努力中带进国内的。 此外，我们力图对美国公众始终保持高度透明。从第一天起我们就说了，我们不能将美国与世界完全隔离。我们宣布我们最初的旅行限制时，我站在这个讲台上，我站在白宫的新闻发布会上，我们一直都在说有可能出现更多的病例。我们——我们不希望人们在美国看到更多的病例时感到意外，这是透明度的重要部分。当大家看到新的病例时不应该惊慌失措，他们应该知道他们的政府已经预测到这种情况，而且我们已经有应对方案……。

Feb. 25, 2020 SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ALEX AZAR CDC PRINCIPAL DEPUTY DIRECTOR ANNE SCHUCHAT NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES DIRECTOR ANTHONY S. FAUCI U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE ROBERT KADLEC FDA COMMISSIONER STEPHEN HAHN AZAR: …I’m joined today by Dr. Anne Schuchat, the principal Deputy Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Dr. Tony Fauci of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Dr. Robert Kadlec, HHS Assistant Secretary for preparedness and response, and Dr. Stephen Hahn, the Commissioner of Food and Drugs. As of this morning, we still have only 14 cases of the China coronavirus detected here in the United States involving travel to China or close contacts with those travelers. We have three cases among Americans repatriated from Wuhan and we have 40 cases among American passengers repatriated from the Diamond Princess in Japan. I want to think that responders and communities that have worked with HHS and the administration to provide these Americans with the treatment they need. I’m also grateful to the governors and other state and local leaders who have worked with us in close partnership so far. The immediate risk to the general American public remains low, but as we have warned, that has the pencil to change quickly. There is now community transmission in a number of countries, including outside of Asia. That’s deeply concerning and community spread in other countries will make successful containment at our borders harder and harder. That’s what we’ve already been working closely with state, local, and private sector partners to prepare for mitigating the virus’ potential spread in the United States because we will likely see more cases here as we have said throughout this episode. Dr. Schuchat will provide some more details on what that will look like, including how we would treat potential cases that arise from community transmission here in the United States. This preparation has been possible in part because of how aggressively President Trump has responded to this outbreak. As soon we knew of the threat presented by this novel virus, public health leaders were monitoring it and beginning to prepare. The travel restrictions that the president put in place at the beginning of this month have given our country valuable time to continue to prepare, and that is precisely what those measures were designed to do. That includes working with Congress. Yesterday, the White House center requested Congress to make at least $2.5 billion in funding available for preparedness and response. There are five major priorities within the supplemental request, which I underscored this morning before the Senate Appropriations Committee. First, we need to expand our surveillance work building on an existing system we have within CDC’s influenza surveillance network. Second, we will need funds to support public health preparedness and responsible for state and local governments for what could be a very large scale response. We don’t know, but we must prepare for that just in case. This support complements the significant funds that these partners have received from CDC for preparedness, about two thirds of billion dollars a year in recent years. Third and fourth, we need to support the development of therapeutics and the development of vaccines. Given the scale of this outbreak, the private sector sees a real market for both kinds of countermeasures as well as for diagnostics, but federal funding and guidance can accelerate this work. Dr. Fauci will address the current status of that work in more depth. Fifth and finally, we need funds for the purchase of personal protective equipment for the strategic national stockpile, a topic that Dr. Kadlec will can address. I will conclude by noting that, though scheduling conflicts prevented this briefing from including other members of the president’s coronavirus task force, we’ll prudent be providing a new update from interagency leaders soon and we expect to continue doing so regularly. Earlier this afternoon on CNBC, the national economic Council director Larry Kudlow offered an update on how we see this outbreak affecting the economy. This morning, Dr. Messonnier from CDC provided that usual telebriefing…. SCHUCHAT:… The U.S. government’s response to the spread of the novel coronavirus into our country began as soon as reports of an unidentified flu-like illness emerged from Wuhan, China. The U.S. has been implementing an aggressive containment strategy that requires detecting, tracking, and isolating all cases as much as possible and preventing more introductions of disease, notably at ports of entry. We’ve restricted travel into the U.S. and have issued multiple travel advisories for countries currently experiencing nearly spread. Our travel notices are changing almost daily as we get new information and we believe those precautions are working. So far, as Secretary Azar described, our public health system has detected 14 cases in travelers or very close contacts of travelers here in the United States. Among passengers repatriated from–by the State Department from Wuhan, China and from the Diamond Princess, there are an additional 3 and 40 cases. The fact that we have been able to keep cases to the slow level is an accomplishment, especially given that we are unfortunately beginning to see community spread in a growing number of other countries. Based on what we know right now, we believe the immediate risk here in the United States remains low and we are working hard to keep that risk low. But we must use this time to continue to prepare for the event of community transmission United States. Part of that preparation is educating the public and our state, local, and private sector partners about what transition from aggressive containment measures to community measures or community mitigation would look like, should we end up there. However, current global circumstances suggest it’s likely that this virus will cause a pandemic. In that case, risk assessment would be different and new strategies tailored to local circumstances would need to be implement it to blunt the impact of the disease and further slow the spread of the virus. What these interventions would look like at the community level will vary depending on local conditions and on the emerging information about how severe the virus may be. As some of you heard from Dr. Messonnier of the CDC today, we’ve begun laying out for the public what it will look like to mitigate the spread of the virus. There are obvious common sense tools like good hygiene, social distancing, things like staying home when you’re sick, things we talk about during a difficult season or things that we talked about during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. We will be transparent with the public about these measures enter the potential that these tools will be necessary…. FAUCI: … I’m going to give you a very brief update on the countermeasure development that I introduced to this audience on a number of occasions over the past couple of weeks, and the first regarding the issue of vaccine. You might recall that I had mentioned when we first introduce the topic of vaccine that very shortly after the sequence was put on a public database, we began a vaccine development program, which was one of several supported both be by the NIH as well as Botter (SP) from Asper and even independent individuals that we have been involved in collaborating with for a period of time. One of these vaccines I think serves as the prototype of the timing of what we were talking about. You might recall I had mentioned that from the time we had available sequence, we would hope to be in clinical trials within two to three months and I said barring any glitches, that would be the fastest ever in any vaccine that we’ve gone from the identification of a pathogen to putting it into a human in a phase one trial. Well, I am happy to report to you this afternoon that we are on time at least an maybe even a little better. So a vaccine may not solve the problems of the next couple of months, but it certainly would be an important tool that we would have, and we’ll keep you posted on that. Secondly and finally, the issue of therapeutic interventions. There are a number of candidates that we are now looking at that have shown some suggestion either in vitro, in an animal model, or some empiric trials that were done during the MERS outbreak. One of these, and there are several that we are considering, is called Remdesivir, which is a nucleotide analog that is produced by Gilead. Today as I speak, there are two major clinical trials going on in China, which are randomized controlled trials, which means that we will get an answer whether or not it works or doesn’t work I think within a reasonable period of time…. KADLEC: … Passengers evacuated from the Diamond Princess are in the process of completing their 14 day quarantine at two DOD installations, one in California and one in Texas. Medical professionals from our national disaster medical system in CDC are continuously monitoring the health of these passengers. Any passenger that shows signs of any illness are moved off the DOD facility and tested for this virus. Passengers who are tested positive for this coronavirus cannot stay on the military installations and these patients are being transported safely to our network of special pathogen treatment centers such as the University of Nebraska Medical Center as part of our aggressive containment posture. These individuals are being placed in these facilities for quarantine and isolation purposes only. An intensive level of medical care is not typical typically needed by most of these individuals. At the centers, the patients who develop this infection can participate in the clinical trial that Dr. Fauci ascribed with Remdesivir. We are honored to have helped NIH to arrange the conical trial within that special network of treatment centers. We are also prepared to support CDC and the Department of Homeland Security at designated military installations where Americans returning to the U.S. on commercial flights can be quarantined based on their travel history. The most recent location to receive such a traveler is the Naval base in Ventura County Point Mugu where one American is currently completing quarantine…. HAHN: … The FDA is an active partner in the novel coronavirus response working closely with our government and public health partners across the U.S. Department of Health and human services as well as our international counterparts. Our work is multifaceted, focusing on actively facilitating efforts to diagnose, treat, prevent the disease, surveilling the medical products supply chain for potential shortages or disruptions, and helping to mitigate such impacts as necessary.   With respect to inspections, for February and March, FDA has identified approximately 100 scheduled inspection in China, the vast majority of which are routine surveillance inspections. Those inspections are just postponed at this time and will be conducted at a later date. It’s important to remember that these delayed routine surveillance inspections can happen at any time during the year. And while inspections in China are delayed secondary to the State Department travel advisory, we will send investigators to other parts of the world to ensure we are on schedule for our planned inspections for the year. … AZAR: … So, we intend to keep our travel restrictions with regard to China in place at the moment. The–the vac–the virus is still spreading in China. We’re still having hundreds of case reports per day, if that’s capturing all of the information. We’re still seeing dozens or more fatalities reported per day. We certainly hope that China is able to engage in effective containment measures to slow the spread of this virus down. But there’s nothing at this point that would indicate a change in our posture towards our aggressive containment measures with regard to travel in China. It’s important, though, to remember we’ve been very moderated and titrated in those travel measures. They simply are based on 14 days, which is the maximum predicted incubation period. And so, an individual who has been in China for the previous 14 days who is a foreign national would not be permitted to enter the United States. And an American or permanent resident would be permitted to return to the United States, of course, but asked to home isolate during the completion of a 14 day period outside of China. That is not a ban. That is a temporary restriction in line with the public health measures that we’re taking. So, we’ve tried to be very respectful towards in–towards travel. And of course, those restrictions are not based on other than American and permanent resident versus non-Americans really as a matter of focusing our resources. They’re not based on the ethnicity of an individual or–or anything else because, as you mentioned, it is important that we not engage in any–that–that–that people not believe that, because of somebody’s ethnicity, they are more likely to have this disease or not. Our criteria are all based on travel in affected areas and warning people about travel in infected areas based on–based on the epidemiology and the evidence. …  AZAR: … So, for instance, abroad this is spreading quite rapidly. In the United States, thanks to the president and this team’s aggressive containment efforts, this disease, as Dr. Schuchat said, is contained. We’re now two weeks with no additional US-based cases, 14 cases on February 11th, 14 cases today. That is a remarkable level of containment here in the United States. The only additional cases we have are ones we imported as part of our humanitarian repatriation efforts. Then we tried to be very transparent with the American public. We have from day one said we can’t hermetically seal off the United States. I stood here at this podium, I stood at the White House press briefing when we announced our initial–initial travel restrictions, and we’ve always said we expect to see more cases. We–that–that should–we don’t want people surprised if they see more cases here in the United States. That’s an important part of transparency. People shouldn’t panic when they see new cases. They should know their government predicted we would have them and we have plans in place. …

德国慕尼黑 拜恩林谢霍夫酒店（Hotel Bayerischer Hof）   白宫 2023 年 2 月 18 日  欧洲中部时间中午12点44分   副总统：谢谢。谢谢您，克里斯托夫（Christoph）。谢谢您，克里斯托夫。谢谢。   再次出席慕尼黑安全会议（Munich Security Conference），我感到荣幸之至。   正如在座的许多人都还记得，在去年这个讲坛上，我曾提出俄罗斯即将入侵乌克兰的警告。让我们大家回想一下：当时很多人都想知道我们应当如何做出回应。许多人都想知道：能够阻止俄罗斯吗？北约（NATO）会团结一致吗？北约会分裂吗？乌克兰做好准备了吗？   各位同仁，在一年后的今天，我们对此有了答案。   基辅（Kyiv）仍巍然屹立。（掌声）俄罗斯——俄罗斯已被削弱。   这一跨大西洋联盟比以往任何时候都更加强大。（掌声）最重要的是，乌克兰人民的精神永存。   在美国总统乔·拜登（Joe Biden）的领导下，我们的国家展现了果断的领导力。   正如拜登总统常说的那样：美国将会自始至终地一直支持乌克兰。我们绝不会动摇。   在今天这次慕尼黑安全会议上，我阐明我们所有国家都持续面临的利害关系：道义利益、战略利益，以及乌克兰对于美国人民、欧洲人民乃至世界各国人民都至关重要的原因。   首先，从这场无端战争最初开始的那几天起，我们就目睹了俄罗斯军队犯下的惨绝人寰的暴行和战争罪行。他们的行为是对我们共同价值观的侵犯，是对我们普遍人性的攻击。   我们必须明确的是：俄罗斯军队对平民进行了广泛的、系统性的攻击，包括谋杀、酷刑、强奸和驱逐等残忍行径，还有行刑式的屠杀、殴打和电刑。   俄罗斯当局强行将数以十万计的人口从乌克兰驱逐到俄罗斯，其中包括儿童。他们残忍地将儿童与其家人分开。   我们都看到过马里乌波尔（Mariupol）剧院里的惨状，数以百计的人在那里遇害。   想一想那位在妇产医院遭到轰炸后丧生的孕妇的情形，当时她在那里准备分娩。   想一想布查市（Bucha）的景象。平民被残忍地枪杀。他们的尸体被弃之街头。还有那张骑车人的照片，让人心碎。   想一想联合国最近的一份报告，一名四岁的女孩遭到一个俄罗斯士兵的性侵犯。一个四岁的孩子啊。   野蛮残忍，毫无人性。   早在我成为美国副总统之前，我的大部分职业生涯都是作为一名检察官，从一名年轻的法庭律师开始，到后来主管加州司法部（California Department of Justice）。我亲身体会到收集证据并将罪犯绳之以法的重要性。   我们已经针对俄罗斯在乌克兰的行动审查了证据。我们知道法律准绳。毫无疑问，这些都是反人类的罪行。（掌声）   美国已正式认定，俄罗斯犯有反人类罪。   对所有那些犯下这些罪行的人及其在这些罪行中的上级同谋，我要说：你们将被追究罪责。   面对这些无可争辩的事实，我们要对出席这次慕尼黑会议的所有人士说：让我们重申对追究罪责的承诺。让我们重申对法治的承诺。   就美国而言，我们将继续支持乌克兰的司法程序和国际调查，因为正义必须得到伸张。   让我们达成共识，必须代表所有已知的和无名的受害者伸张正义。这就是我们的道义利益。   我们也有重大的战略利益。在乌克兰的战争造成了深远的全球影响。   如若某个国家可以侵犯另一个国家的主权和领土完整，如若犯下反人类罪却可以逍遥法外，如若某个怀有帝国主义野心的国家可以为所欲为，那么这个世界上就不会有一个国家是安全的。（掌声）   我们对俄罗斯入侵做出的回应表明了我们对维护国际规则和规范的集体承诺。自第二次世界大战结束以来，这些规则和规范不仅为美国人民、欧洲人民，而且为全世界人民都带来了前所未有的安全和繁荣。   这些原则阐明：主权国家有权和平存在，边界绝不能以武力来改变，政府必须尊重不可剥夺的人权，法治必须得到维护。   的确，这一历史时刻考验了我们捍卫和维护这些规则和规范的意愿。我们一直坚定有力，我们必须保持坚定有力。因为如果普京（Putin）攻击这些基本原则的行径得逞的话，其他国家就会斗胆效仿他的暴力榜样。其他专制国家可能会试图通过胁迫、虚假信息甚至暴力让世界屈服于他们的意志。我们所赖以生存的国际秩序可能会面临风险。   因此，为了全球的安全与繁荣，我们确定无疑的一项使命是维护基于规则的国际秩序。世界各国都同意这一点。   想想看，140多个国家在联合国投票谴责俄罗斯的侵略行径，支持乌克兰的主权和领土完整，并藉此捍卫《联合国宪章》（U.N. Charter）的核心原则。   当然我们也看到有些国家，像朝鲜和伊朗，提供武器支援俄罗斯残暴的战争。   我们也忧心忡忡，因为北京自战争开始以来，深化了其与莫斯科的关系。   接下来，如果中国采取任何步骤向俄罗斯提供致命性武器，将只会使得侵略肆无忌惮，杀戮继续不断，基于规则的秩序受到更进一步损害。   我再次阐明，美国将继续大力支持乌克兰。无论需要多长时间，我们都会始终这样做。   美国人民敬重乌克兰人民的坚定信念，敬重他们的坚韧和正义感，敬重他们为自由和自由权而战的意愿，敬重泽连斯基总统（President Zelenskyy）非凡的坚韧和领导力。   事实上，与我一起前来慕尼黑的还有一些杰出的美国国会议员，包括共和党人和民主党人，美国众议院和参议院议员。他们一起出席会议是因为他们深知事关重大。   这些国会成员的领导力对于美国支持乌克兰来说至关重要。拜登总统和我都知道，他们将继续支持乌克兰。   我们也知道，乌克兰将继续得到一个团结一致的跨大西洋共同体的支持。（掌声）   因此，普京以为他可以分裂北约。还记得一年前的局势吗？在这一点上，他失败了。   北大西洋公约组织现在比以往任何时候都更加强大，美国对北约及其第五条款的承诺是坚定不移的。   看看我们过去一年所做的工作、看看我们的多边合作就会一目了然。我们一起向乌克兰提供了历史性援助。我们一起在战略上挫败了俄罗斯。我们一起让俄罗斯付出了前所未有的代价。而且我们一起寻求能源安全并对我们的集体防御重新进行了投资。   我们已齐心协力地维护我们共同的价值观、我们共同的利益和我们共同的人性。这种团结将一直持续下去，我对此坚信不疑。   我对前面道路的艰辛也不存在错觉。乌克兰还将面对更多的黑暗岁月。战争将持续地日复一日地带来苦难。   全球连锁反应将继续波及到位于不同地区的国家，从非洲到东南亚，再到加勒比地区。   但是，如果普京认为他能拖垮我们，他就大错特错了。时间并不站在他那一边。   可以肯定的是，乌克兰人民将继续经受锤炼与考验，就像他们在过去一年中所经历的那样。跨大西洋团结将继续经受锤炼与考验。我坚信，乌克兰将勇于承担使命，美国和欧洲也将勇于承担使命。   所以，我想说的最后一点是：美国将继续在捍卫人类尊严、捍卫规则和规范以及捍卫自由和自由权方面引领前行。事关重大，不容松懈。   美国人民深知独立的含义。我们相信主权和法治的根本重要性。而且我们将永远站在正义的一边。   各位同仁，我相信我们都知道这一点：当我们的后代回顾这一历史时刻时，他们会看到，我们理解摆在我们面前的使命并勇于承担重任。   因此，我要对你们说：美利坚合众国自豪地作为你们的合作伙伴从事这项崇高事业。   谢谢大家。（掌声）   霍伊斯根大使（Ambassador Heusgen）：副总统女士，感谢您强劲有力的演讲，感谢您对跨大西洋的团结以及对支持乌克兰所做的承诺。今天与会的有很多、很多的乌克兰代表，他们肯定对您所说的感到欣慰。   我想问您的问题是：您确认了美国的支持，但我们都知道明年将是美国的选举年。我们生活在一个民主国家。我们[不]知道结果将为哪一方。您有多么确定——或者说肯定您所说的，普京想拖垮我们，但最终他不会得逞吗？   副总统：多谢，克里斯托夫。正如我刚才所说的，我相信并且我相信美国人民理解其中的利害关系。利害攸关的是我们的道义利益和战略利益。   我想告诉你，在前往美国各地的旅途中，我看到乌克兰的国旗在你们大多数人可能从未听说过的美国的各个地方迎风飘扬：在商店前面（掌声）；在住宅前面；人们自豪地穿上——美国人自豪地穿上带有乌克兰国旗颜色的衣服。美国人民知道布查市的一幕幕景象。   美国人民为争取独立而战感到非常自豪，这是我们国家基础的一部分，也是我们的原则和价值观的一部分。    我是根据我们历来所做的工作来考虑美国在这个问题上的进展的。您只需看看美国投入的种种贡献和资源来比较一下我们一年前和今天的状况就会一目了然，从弹药到大炮到对空防御武器，从毒刺防空导弹（Stingers）到艾布拉姆斯坦克（Abrams）、高机动火箭炮系统（HIMARS）以及标枪导弹（Javelin）。   我是在美国国会参与的背景下来看这个问题的，国会议员们今天也在此出席会议。我了解到这是两党和两院派出参加这次会议的最大的美国国会代表团——来参加这次慕尼黑安全会议。（掌声）   并且就美国国会以两党合作的方式在过去一年里提供支持的一贯努力取得了多么大的进展而言，更不用说在——在我们的预算流程中，这是一个被称为“综合议案”（omnibus）的技术术语——但在去年年底，为来年再次拨款450亿美元用于支持乌克兰。   我们的首要任务是确保乌克兰在战场上的实力，这是我们的承诺。这不仅仅是对乌克兰人民的承诺，也是对我们作为一个国家所珍视的价值观和原则的承诺。在此，我不能不提到联盟的重要性：欧洲及其所做的贡献；还有我们的东道主德国。   昨天我和舒尔茨总理（Chancellor Scholz）会面。我们共同所做的事情——我认为，我们不仅仅只是通过我们的价值观和我们对利害关系的理解以及在道义和战略利益方面的利害关系而连结在一起，在汇集和协调我们的资源方面，我们一直都是很好的同事，我相信这将为乌克兰提供他们打赢这场战争所需的最佳支持。   霍伊斯根大使：好的，谢谢。非常感谢您的回答。   对于某些局外人来说，给人的印象的确是这种关系——这种跨大西洋关系；欧洲、德国政府和美国政府之间的关系——是一如既往地牢固。非常感谢您对这个问题的回答。   请允许我提及名称为IRA的法案。并且——   副总统：是的，《通胀削减法案》（Inflation Reduction Act）。   霍伊斯根大使：它在大西洋此岸引起了很多关注。但国会议员们提醒说我们这边也有“欧盟碳边境调整机制”（CBAM）。   副总统：是的。   霍伊斯根大使：我们应如何防止跨大西洋联盟在非常重要的问题上出现分歧？商业、贸易问题非常重要。您有多大信心可以克服这些差异，并且不会干扰这种非常好而且绝对必要的密切的跨大西洋关系？   副总统：我很高兴您选择提出这个问题。那就让我从《通胀削减法案》背后的精神和意图开始谈起。   对我们来说，一个非常重要的关注领域是应对气候危机并为我们必须做的事情承担责任，这当然是全球性的。所以事实上，我们的欧洲朋友们多年来一直要求我们更上一层楼并做更多的事情。   因此，在拜登总统的领导下，我们感到自豪的是——美国在我们必须做的事情上投入了历史性的资金，以承担我们在气候危机方面的责任。我的意思是说，在国会的支持下，我们已经为这项工作投入了3700亿美元。   当考虑到对我们朋友的影响以及我们在我们每个国家所做的一切之间的相互联系和相互依赖性——以及对其他国家的影响时，我们认为这项投资的全球性影响主要体现在两个方面。   首先，美国——我遗憾地说——是世界上最大的排放国之一。我们需要减少排放，不仅是为了我们自己国家人民的健康和福祉，而且正如我们所知，全世界人民都会受到影响。因此，这是一项真正能够扭转趋势的历史性的、非常重要的投资。    如您所知，正如我们许多欧洲朋友和世界各地其他国家所做的那样，我们根据时间表为自己设定了严格的标准。也就是，这是减少排放的目标。   另一方面是：考虑到我们为激发创新而进行的投资，我们感到非常兴奋。我们正在进入一个创造新经济，一个清洁能源经济的历史时期。如果您认为我们是一个投资方，为私营部门创造激励机制，让科学家和学者围绕清洁能源经济进行研究、开发和创新，我们正在进行的这项投资将会做到这一点，并且会影响到全世界。这就是我们的想法。   但就像您刚才所说的，还有一些问题我们需要解决，并且需要通过与世界各地的朋友密切协商来加以解决。我们已经成立了一个工作组——美国和欧盟工作组（United States-EU Task Force）——进行密切协调，并围绕解决一些具体问题进行磋商。这些对话正在继续进行。   昨天我与马克龙总统（President Macron）和舒尔茨总理举行了会谈。我认为我们在这方面看到了一些进展，工作还将继续进行。   霍伊斯根大使：谢谢您重申美国的立场，因为我们不需要就这些问题发生争论。   如果时间允许的话，我想提最后一个问题。   当然，这次慕尼黑安全会议聚焦于乌克兰问题，为乌克兰提供支持，确认跨大西洋联盟，但我们今年扩大了参加会议的范围。我们邀请了创纪录数量的“全球南方”（Global South）的代表，因为虽然我们之间有这种团结，但当您与全球南方的代表交谈时——今天早上他们曾在会议上发言——您会看到许多国家都持观望态度。他们认为这是美国和俄罗斯或北约和欧盟以及欧洲国家和俄罗斯之间冲突的一种延续，而且他们感觉到种种后果。他们想结束这一切。他们处在一个等距离的立场。为什么我们有——您刚才提到是141票。   但是，当您与全球南方的重要合作伙伴交谈时，他们是——他们弃权了。对吧？他们说，“赶快结束吧。我们不想——选边站。”当然，我们需要说明的是，这不是一个东西方的问题；这是基于规则的——您所提到的法治问题。但是我们必须说服人们，因为我们在这方面的记录也并非最好。   那么，我们应该怎样来赢得那些继续持观望态度的国家的支持呢？   副总统：我们必须将他们视为合作伙伴。   刚才我们进来的时侯，我们曾简短地谈到这个问题，多谢——我要在各位朋友面前向您致谢——您把这个问题提出来，并将其作为本次会议议程的一部分。我同意，这是一个重要议题。   我会见过许多非洲领导人和加勒比地区、加勒比共同体和共同市场（CARICOM）以及东南亚地区的领导人。他们希望在这个问题上能够确保各个层面都能听到他们的声音，包括对他们国家的影响，我认为这是对的。   例如，看看那些非洲国家，以及俄罗斯对乌克兰的侵略所造成的粮食不安全及能源不安全问题。正如我们所知，这些国家是粮食和能源的重要进口国。因此，供应减少会对他们国家产生重大影响。因此，我认为我们必须认识到俄罗斯发动的战争对这些国家所产生的影响。   我是以上面提到的我们必须做的事情为背景来考虑这一问题的，考虑到气候危机对这些国家的影响。我们是最大的几个排放国，其影响是显而易见的。   我会见了加勒比共同体和共同市场国家——加勒比海各岛国——的一些领导人。他们告诉我他们对土地侵蚀的看法；通过极端的气候事件，他们如何看到旅游业的减少以及这对他们国内生产总值的枯竭所造成的影响。   因此，当我们——当我们作为合作伙伴就解决方案与他们进行讨论时，包括在主权和领土完整的原则问题上采取统一的立场，这些都是我们必须谨记的问题。    我的朋友加纳总统昨天发表了讲话，我认为他很好地抓住了这一点——让我转述一下——我的理解是，他说我们需要摒弃这种“我们对他们”的模式 ，并以不同的方式来思考我们之间的关系。   鉴于所有这些原因，感谢您提出这个问题，我认为这个问题值得您给予这种重视和讨论。   霍伊斯根大使：谢谢，非常感谢。这将仍然是这次会议的一个主题。我们明年也会讨论这个问题。也许，副总统女士，我们是不是可以预订好酒店房间，以便您明年再来？   副总统：（笑声）   霍伊斯根大使：感谢您出席。   副总统：谢谢。（掌声）   欧洲中部时间下午 1:16 结束   欲查看原稿内容：https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2023/02/18/remarks-by-vice-president-harris-at-the-munich-security-conference-2/

FEBRUARY 18, 2023 Hotel Bayerischer Hof Munich, Germany 12:44 P.M. CEST THE VICE PRESIDENT:  Thank you.  Thank you, Christoph.  Thank you, Christoph.  Thank you. Well, it is my honor to be back at the Munich Security Conference. As many of us remember, last year, on this stage, I warned of the imminent invasion of Ukraine by Russia.  And let us all recall: Many at the time wondered how we would all respond.  Many wondered: Could Russia be stopped?  Would NATO come together?  Would NATO break apart?  And would Ukraine be prepared? Colleagues, today, a year later, we know. Kyiv is still standing.  (Applause.)  Russia — Russia is weakened. The transatlantic Alliance is stronger than ever.  (Applause.)  And most importantly, the spirit of the Ukrainian people endures. And under Joe Biden, President of the United States, our country has demonstrated decisive leadership. As President Biden often says: The United States will support Ukraine for as long as it takes.  We will not waver. And today, at this Munich Security Conference, I will describe what we all continue to have at stake: the moral interest, the strategic interest, and the reason Ukraine matters for the people of America, for the people of Europe, and for people around the world. First, from the starting days of this unprovoked war, we have witnessed Russian forces engage in horrendous atrocities and war crimes.  Their actions are an assault on our common values, an attack on our common humanity. And let us be clear: Russian forces have pursued a widespread and systemic attack against a civilian population — gruesome acts of murder, torture, rape, and deportation.  Execution-style killings, beatings, and electrocution. Russian authorities have forcibly deported hundreds of thousands of people from Ukraine to Russia, including children.  They have cruelly separated children from their families. And we’ve all seen the images of the theater in Mariupol, where hundreds of people were killed. Think of the image of the pregnant mother who was killed following a strike at a maternity hospital, where she was preparing to give birth. Think of the images of Bucha.  Civilians shot in cold blood.  Their bodies left in the street.  The jarring photograph of the man who was riding his bike. Think of the four-year-old girl who the United Nations recently reported was sexually assaulted by a Russian soldier.  A four-year-old child. Barbaric and inhumane. Long before I was Vice President of the United States, I spent the majority of my career as a prosecutor, beginning as a young lawyer in the courtroom and later running the California Department of Justice.  I know firsthand the importance of gathering facts and holding them up against the law. In the case of Russia’s actions in Ukraine, we have examined the evidence.  We know the legal standards.  And there is no doubt these are crimes against humanity.  (Applause.) The United States has formally determined that Russia has committed crimes against humanity. And I say to all those who have perpetrated these crimes and to their superiors who are complicit in these crimes: You will be held to account. In the face of these indisputable facts, to all of us here in Munich: Let us renew our commitment to accountability.  Let us renew our commitment to the rule of law. As for the United States, we will continue to support the judicial process in Ukraine and international investigations, because justice must be served. Let us all agree, on behalf of all the victims, both known and unknown, justice must be served.  Such is our moral interest. We also have a significant strategic interest.  The fight in Ukraine has far-reaching global ramifications. No nation is safe in a world where one country can violate the sovereignty and territorial integrity of another — (applause) — where crimes against humanity are committed with impunity; where a country with imperialist ambitions can go unchecked. Our response to the Russian invasion is a demonstration of our collective commitment to uphold international rules and norms.  Rules and norms which, since the end of World War Two, have provided unprecedented security and prosperity not only for the American people, not only for the people of Europe, but people around the world. Principles that state that sovereign nations have a right to peacefully exist, that borders must not be changed by force, that there are inalienable human rights which governments must respect, and that the rule of law must be preserved. Indeed, this moment has tested our willingness to defend and uphold these rules and norms.  And we have remained strong, and we must stay strong.  Because if Putin were to succeed with his attack on these fundamental principles, other nations could feel emboldened to follow his violent example.  Other authoritarian powers could seek to bend the world to their will through coercion, disinformation, and even brute force.  The international order upon which we all rely could be at risk. So, in the interest of global security and prosperity, one of our defining missions is to uphold international rules-based order.  And nations around the world agree. Consider, more than 140 countries voted at the United Nations to condemn Russia’s aggression and to support Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity in defense of the core principles of the U.N. Charter. Of course, we have also seen nations like North Korea and Iran send weapons in support of Russia’s brutal war. We are also troubled that Beijing has deepened its relationship with Moscow since the war began. Looking ahead, any steps by China to provide lethal support to Russia would only reward aggression, continue the killing, and further undermine a rules-based order. Again, the United States will continue to strongly support Ukraine.  And we will do so for as long as it takes. The American people, you see, are in awe of the resolve of the people of Ukraine, in awe of their resilience and righteousness, their willingness to fight for freedom and liberty, and the extraordinary tenacity and leadership of President Zelenskyy. In fact, joining me in Munich are distinguished members of the United States Congress.  Republicans and Democrats.  Members of the House of Representatives and the United States Senate.   And they are here together because they understand the stakes. The leadership of these members has been vital to America’s support of Ukraine.  And President Biden and I know that their support for Ukraine will continue. We also know Ukraine will continue to be supported by a united transatlantic community.  (Applause.) So, Putin thought he could divide NATO.  Remember where we were a year ago.  In this, he has failed. The NATO Alliance is stronger now than ever before, and the United States commitment to NATO and to its Article 5 is ironclad. Just look at our track record over the past year.  Just look at our multilateral cooperation.  Together, we have provided historic assistance to Ukraine.  Together, we have dealt Russia a strategic failure.  Together, we have imposed unprecedented cost on Russia.  And together, we have pursued energy security and reinvested in our collective defense. And we have come together to stand for our common values and our common interests and our common humanity.  I have no doubt that this unity will endure. I also have no illusions about the path forward.  There will be more dark days in Ukraine.  The daily agony of war will persist. The global ripple effects will continue to be felt by countries near and far — from Africa, to Southeast Asia, to the Caribbean. But if Putin thinks he can wait us out, he is badly mistaken.  Time is not on his side. To be sure, Ukrainians will continue to be tried and tested, just as they have been over this past year.  Transatlantic unity will continue to be tried and tested.  And I am certain that Ukraine will rise to the task, that the United States and Europe will rise to the task. So, my last point: America will continue our leadership in defense of human dignity, in defense of rules and norms, and in defense of freedom and liberty.  There is too much at stake to do anything less. Americans know well the meaning of independence.  We believe in the fundamental importance of sovereignty and rule of law.  And we will always stand on the side of justice. Colleagues, I do believe we all know when future generations look back at this moment, they will see that we understood the task before us and rose to the occasion. And so, to you I say: The United States of America is proud to be your partner in this noble pursuit. Thank you.  (Applause.) AMBASSADOR HEUSGEN:  Madam Vice President, thank you for this very, very strong speech, this commitment to transatlantic unity, this commitment to the support of Ukraine.  And we have many, many representatives from Ukraine here in the room, and they certainly were reassured by what you have said. Let me ask you: You confirmed this U.S. support, but we all know next year the United States will enter into an election campaign.  We are in a democracy.  We know which side of the aisle the result will be.  How sure are you that — or certain are you that what you have said that Putin, who wants to wait us out, that in the end he will not succeed? THE VICE PRESIDENT:  Thank you, Christoph.  As I said, I believe and I believe the American people understand the stakes.  And the stakes being our moral interest and our strategic interest. I will tell you, I travel around the United States, and I have seen the Ukrainian flag fly in places most of you have probably never heard of in the United States: in store fronts — (applause) — in front of homes, people proudly wearing — Americans proudly wearing the colors of Ukraine.  The American people are aware of the images of Bucha. The American people take great pride in a fight for independence — that being part of the foundation of our nation and in our principles and values. I think about where the United States is going on this issue based on the track record of where we’ve been.  You only have to look at where we were a year ago and where we are today, in terms of the contributions and resources that America has put into everything from ammunition to artillery to air defense, from Stingers to Abram tanks, HIMARS, Javelins. I look at it in the context of the United States Congress, which is here in force.  I’m told it is the largest delegation, bipartisan and bicameral, of the United States Congress to this meeting — to this Munich Security Conference.  (Applause.) And how forward the United States Congress, in a bipartisan way, has been in terms of the track record of our support just over the last year, not to mention in a — it’s a technical term called an “omnibus” in our budgetary processes — but at the end of last year, dedicating another $45 billion for this upcoming year to support Ukraine. Our priority is to ensure Ukraine’s strength on the battlefield, and that is our commitment.  And it is a commitment not only to the people of Ukraine, but it is a commitment to our values and the principles we hold dear as a nation.  And I cannot be here without also mentioning the importance of the Alliance: Europe and what it has done; our host, Germany. I was with Chancellor Scholz yesterday.  What we collectively have done — we are not only joined, I think, by our values and our understanding of the stakes and what is at stake in terms of a moral and a strategic interest, we have been great colleagues in terms of pooling our resources, coordinating our resources in a way that I believe will give Ukraine the best support they need to fight this fight. AMBASSADOR HEUSGEN:  Well, thank you.  Thank you very much for this. And for the outsiders, it is indeed the impression that this relationship — this transatlantic relationship; the relationship also between European, the German government, and the U.S. administration — is as strong as ever.  And thank you very much for — for this. If I may, nevertheless, there is something called IRA.  And — THE VICE PRESIDENT:  Yes, the Inflation Reduction Act. AMBASSADOR HEUSGEN:  And it has raised a lot of concern on this side of the Atlantic.  But we have been reminded also by members of Congress about CBAM on our side. THE VICE PRESIDENT:  Yeah. AMBASSADOR HEUSGEN:  How do we prevent transatlantic rifts on very important questions?  Business, trade issues are very important.  How confident are you that these differences can be overcome and don’t disturb this wonderful, but absolutely necessary, close transatlantic relationship? THE VICE PRESIDENT:  I’m very happy that you chose to raise this topic.  So let me start with the spirit and the intent behind the Inflation Reduction Act. One very important area of focus for us has been to address and take our responsibility for what we must do in terms of the climate crisis, which, of course, is global in nature.  And so — and, in fact, our friends in Europe have been asking for years that we would actually step up and do more. So under President Biden’s leadership, we are proud that — that the United States has invested an historic amount in what we must do to take on our role of responsibility in the climate crisis.  And by that, I mean we have, with the support of Congress, dedicated $370 billion to this effort. When I think of the impact on our friends, and the interconnection and interdependence, if you will, between whatever we do in each of our — in any of our nations and the effect on the others, we think of this investment as having a global impact in predominantly two ways. One, the United States — I’d say this, sadly — is one of the biggest emitters in the world.  And we need to reduce our emissions not only for the sake of the health and wellbeing of the people of our own country, but, as we know, the people of the world are impacted.  So this is a historic and very significant investment to actually turn the tide on that. And as you know, as many of our European friends and others around the globe have done, we have set strict standards for ourselves based on timelines.  So there is that, which is the goal of reducing emissions. The other piece of it is: We are very excited about thinking about the investment that we are making to spur innovation.  We are entering a moment where we are creating a new economy, a clean energy economy.  And if you think of us as being an investor, if you will, in creating incentives for the private sector for scientists and academics to research, develop, and innovate around a clean energy economy, this investment that we are making will do that and have global impact.  So that is how we think of it. But to your point, there are also issues that we need to address and do that in close consultation with our friends around the world.  We have created a task force — the United States-EU Task Force — closely coordinating and in consultation around working out some of the specific concerns.  And those conversations are continuing. I met with President Macron yesterday and Chancellor Scholz.  And I think we are seeing some progress there, and the work will continue. AMBASSADOR HEUSGEN:  Well, thank you for this reaffirmation, because we don’t need these quarrels at that time. If time allows, one last question, if I may. This Munich Security Conference is, of course, dedicated to Ukraine, to the support of Ukraine, to confirm the transatlantic Alliance, but we have widened the participation this year.  We have invited a record number of representatives from the so-called “Global South,” because while we have this unity between us, when you talk to representatives of the Global South — and we had them on the podium this morning — you see that many countries sit on the fence.  They see this as kind of a continuation of the conflict between U.S. and Russia or NATO and EU and — or European countries and Russia, and they feel the consequences.  And they want to get it over with.  They have an equidistant position there.  And why we had — and you pointed to the 141 votes. But when you talk to important partners in the Global South, they are — they abstain.  They, you know, say, “Get it over with.  We don’t want to take — take one side.”  And the point we’re making, of course, is this is not East-West; this is about the rules-based inter- — the rule of law that you mentioned.  But we have to do some convincing, because our track record is also not the best. So what can we do together to win over those countries that continue to sit on the fence? THE VICE PRESIDENT:  Well, we have to treat them as partners. And you and I talked about this briefly as we were walking in, and I thanked you — and I will thank you in front of the friends — for bringing this issue to the stage and making it a part of the agenda for this conference.  I agree it is an important subject. And I have met with many African leaders, leaders in the Caribbean, CARICOM, and in Southeast Asia.  And what I believe is that they are right to want to make sure their voices are heard on every level on this topic, including the impact to their nations. You look at, for example, African nations and what Russia’s aggression in Ukraine has meant in terms of food insecurity, energy insecurity.  And these are nations, as we know, that are great importers of food and energy.  So when the supply decreases, it has a significant impact on their nations.  So I think it is important for us to recognize the impact that Russia’s war has had on these nations. I think of it in the context of what we must do to also — on the previous discussion — consider the impact to the climate crisis — of the climate crisis on those nations.  We are some of the biggest emitters, and the impacts are clear. I meet with CARICOM nations — so, island nations in the Caribbean — and they tell me about how they’re seeing land erosion; how they are seeing, through the extreme climate occurrences, a reduction in tourism and what that means in terms of a depletion of their GN- — GDP. And so these are issues that we must keep in mind when we — when we have this discussion with them as partners around what the solutions look like, including standing in a unified way on these principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity. My friend, the President of Ghana, I believe spoke yesterday, and I think he captured it well when — I’m going to paraphrase — but my understanding is he said that we need to dispense with this paradigm that is about “us versus them” and think differently about the relationship that we have. And for all of those reasons, I thank you for raising this, and I think it is worthy of the type of elevation and the discussion that you are giving it. AMBASSADOR HEUSGEN:  Thank you.  Thank you very much for this.  And this will remain a theme here.  We’ll discuss this also next year.  And maybe, Madam Vice President, can we already booked a hotel room so you come back next year? THE VICE PRESIDENT:  (Laughs.) AMBASSADOR HEUSGEN:  Thank you for being here. THE VICE PRESIDENT:  Thank you.  (Applause.) END                      1:16 P.M. CEST

国防部长马克·T·埃斯珀与中华人民共和国国防部长魏凤和将军举行会晤 2019年11月18日 国防部长马克·T·埃斯珀与中华人民共和国（PRC）国务委员兼国防部长魏凤和将军在泰国曼谷举行的东盟防长扩大会议的间隙举行了会晤。 埃斯珀部长在他被任命为国防部长之后与魏凤和将军的首次面对面会晤中进行了富有成效的交流。基于他们在2019年11月5日的视频会议讨论，埃斯珀部长进一步定义了他对以透明和互不侵犯为特征的有建设性、重结果的美中防务关系的愿景和优先事项。他强调了他想要加强沟通渠道、有效管理分歧以及找到共同点。 该会议推进埃斯珀部长的关注点：确保美中防务关系有助于防止和管理危机；减少误判或误解的风险；并增进在共同利益上的合作。

Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper Meeting with People’s Republic of China’s Minister of National Defense General Wei Fenghe NOV. 18, 2019 Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper met with the State Councilor and Minister of National Defense, General Wei Fenghe, of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the margins of the ASEAN Defense Minister’s Meeting Plus held in Bangkok, Thailand. Secretary Esper held a productive exchange with General Wei in their first in-person meeting since his appointment as Secretary of Defense.  Building on their November 5, 2019, video teleconference discussion, the Secretary further defined his vision and priorities for a constructive, results-oriented U.S.-China defense relationship marked by transparency and non-aggression. He emphasized his desire to strengthen communication channels, effectively manage differences, and find common ground. The meeting advances Secretary Esper’s interest in ensuring the U.S.-China defense relationship serves to prevent and manage crisis; reduce risk of miscalculation or misunderstanding; and enhance cooperation on shared interests.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区（Washington, D.C.） 2020年1月14日 国务卿迈克尔·蓬佩奥（Michael R. Pompeo）对硅谷领导集团（Silicon Valley Leadership Group）发表讲话：“技术与中国构成的安全挑战” 2020年1月13日 联邦俱乐部（Commonwealth Club） 旧金山，加利福尼亚州（San Francisco, California）   诸位下午好。谢谢卡尔（Carl）友好的引言。也感谢达菲（Duffy）博士邀我今天拜访联邦俱乐部并给予接待。 我有机会通过阅读略微了解一些有关硅谷领导集团的情况以及70年代创建的初衷是为了解决那个年代最大的问题之一：轮流断电。看来你们又再次回到这个问题上。（笑声）我想我可以开这个玩笑。我来自加利福尼亚。（笑声）我想没问题。 认真地说，能来到这里，我的确感到很荣幸。硅谷创下的业绩简直不可思议。天才的作品对世界做出了贡献，为加利福尼亚州和世界各地千百万人带来了繁荣。硅谷遵循美国自由和民主的观念改善了人类条件。你们完成的工作——我可以这样说，因为我本人也曾在民营部门工作——的确是提供一流服务的表现，堪称独具一格的服务。 今天我还知道，我讲话的对象是一群特别的观众，与你们的创始人戴维·帕卡德（David Packard）一样，体现了我们伟大国家真正的独特之处。他认识到，美国梦千真万确。他是过来人。他是爱国者。他知道美国经济安全是企业公民的一份责任。他曾出任部长——尼克松政府（Nixon administration）的国防部副部长。当时我只是一名陆军上尉——对帕卡德先生是不错的选择。我会努力，希望有一天能像他一样。 他曾说“管理工作应对员工负责，对顾客负责，对广大的社区负责”。我认为他本着这种精神鼓励我们大家“从大处着眼”。 今天我想对诸位谈一个具体的话题，美国对中国关系的挑战和机会。我们需要从大处着眼，可以能还需要更认真的思考。因为我相信我们可以与中国合作，正如本届政府已经表示的那样，我期待接下来几个小时签署第一阶段贸易协议。我认为此事对美国来说非同寻常。我们希望多多益善。 但是我们还必须坦诚地面对一些难题，涉及与中国共产党统治的国家做生意对国家安全产生的影响。对于开发我国一些最敏感的技术的公司而言，这个问题尤其重要。在这个地区，这样的公司很多。 我想先简单地谈一些情况，然后回答卡尔提供的问题。我们——我很高兴与诸位谈几乎任何问题。你们将看到，我会十分直言不讳。美国如此众多的繁荣在这里诞生——现在以及未来。 谈到推特（Twitter）等震撼世界的发明，不禁令人为之振奋。我承认，我每天都会查看某一个推特账户。（笑声）你们都应该知道，在这项很了不起的工作中，点点滴滴都渗透了自由这个最基本的要素：按照我们每一个人的要求进行自由思考和交流；自由从事发明创造并保护你们自己的财产、你们的发明；自由竞争；免征跨境销售税的自由——直到几年前为止。 即使你失败了，我们很多人都遭遇过失败，我们的制度仍然能够帮助你站起来重新出发。 我知道在座的很多人，很多企业家都不以失败为耻，因为你们可以从中学习，得到改善，并继续竞争。我们都是这样学会如何将自己的设想付诸实施，第二次就能马到成功。 这个体制，我们的资本主义自由市场理念，创造出世界不曾见过的最大财富和繁荣，而技术对此发挥了巨大作用，而且我们都知道，它将继续具有这种作用。 我在全球走访时，有一点非常清楚：只有在美国，技术巨人能够从帕洛阿尔托（Palo Alto）和芒廷维尤（Mountain View）的车库和宿舍里崛起，使得并且将继续使美国的自由成为可能。 然而，我们的公司在世界很多地方经营时，没有这样的自由。中国——具体而言中国共产党——构成特殊的挑战，特别是对你们的行业。 你们对这些问题都有亲身体会。我将复述一些，但主要想征求你们的看法。我听到企业领导人——坦率讲，大多是在私下——跟我谈到的担忧：害怕遭黑客入侵；害怕利润被中国政府支持的公司削弱；害怕中国公司盗取设想，随后在中国制造，并起诉你侵犯专利，使你倒闭。 大多数情况下我是在私下被告知这些，这本身就很说明问题。 这指出一个重大问题：中国猖狂窃取知识产权是真实存在的，而并不是只影响到某一个公司的问题。具备投资和创造以及保护那些产权的能力是我们美国整个创新经济的支柱。 就在我们今天站在这里时，美国联邦调查局（FBI）面对着大约1,000个知识产权案，几乎全部都多少与中国有关。 但是，如你们所知，知识财产的运用同样令人不安。如此之多的黑客和盗窃者——如A.P.T. 10组织 ——与中国国家安全部有关联，是有其原因的。 在习近平领导下，中国共产党高度重视所谓“军民融合”。你们许多人知道这点。这是个技术词，但概念非常简单。根据中国法律，中国公司和研究人员必须——我重复，必须——与中国军方分享技术，否则将受到法律惩罚。 其目的是让中国人民解放军占有主宰地位。中国人民解放军的核心使命是维护中国共产党当权——也就是那个带领中国日益走向专制和正在加剧压制的中国共产党。它与这里和全美国所奉行的宽容理念完全相悖。 因此，即使中国共产党保证说，你的技术将只限于和平用途，你应该知道，这里存在巨大风险，也给美国国家安全带来巨大风险。 鉴于我们许多最有创新力的公司与中国政府和同中国政府有关联的公司建立了合作关系，这确实是一个问题。 去年，一个朋友，前参谋长联席会议主席邓福德（Dunford）将军在美国参议院听证会上这样说，“谷歌（Google）在中国进行的工作正在间接地使中国军方受益”。 诚然，商务决定是你们自己的决定。你们要对股东负责，你们要向董事会交代。我明白这点。我知道你们的工作是要为股东赚钱。特朗普政府完全支持这点。发明新东西。改变世界。我理解。在我曾经营的小公司，我们每一天完全就是这样做。 但是，我也想提醒各位作为美国人，作为一个自由国家的公民，这个国家正在日益面临中国的行动所带来的风险，这些行动有可能恰恰破坏让你能够发展企业和发明创造的自由。这不是危言耸听，不是威胁，而是要我们所有人都有所意识。 华盛顿特区已经在这样做。我们现在实事求是地看待中国，而不是以我们的一厢情愿去看待它。两派政治阵营都在这样做，美国公司也为爱国事业团结起来。美国在这方面有着悠久的历史。任何读过历史的人都会记得，所谓“民主军火库”（Arsenal of Democracy），也叫做美国制造业，对我们当年取得第二次世界大战（World War II）的胜利至关重要。 索萨利托（Sausalito），就在桥对面，曾是一项令人震撼的行动的所在地，在整个战争期间每周都制造一艘商船。只有美国的创造力才能够做到。 在夺去3,000人生命的9.11事件发生之后，纽约（New York）的金融机构自愿提供了一页又一页的档案记录，帮助联邦调查局（FBI）确认犯下这一滔天罪行的劫机者。 因此，我们今天将谈到这些。你们的公司怎样能够传承这种优良传统？我们怎样能够建立团结并保护我们的公司和美国的价值观？我坚信我们两者都能做到。 我并不是来这里要求你们撤出中国的。事实恰恰相反。我们希望美国公司在那里经营致富。我们希望你们在美国这里增加就业机会，并成功地建设你们的公司。我们希望创造条件，以使你们能够在一个公平竞争的环境中，本着我们两国间的尊重精神这样做。而这的确是特朗普总统的贸易谈判的全部意义所在。 与此同时，我们需要确保我们的公司不从事增强竞争对手的军队或让该政权在该国的部分地区加紧镇压钳制的交易。我们需要确保美国的技术不会给一个真正的奥威尔式（Orwellian）的监控国家助力。我们需要确保美国的原则不会成为繁荣的牺牲品。 因此，请你们问自己几个问题：我正在和谁打交道？在中国从事经营的真正的风险-回报率是多少？我是否正在让我的机构内的高层领导人——我的董事会、我的雇员、最高管理层的高管——了解我们的公司所面临的选择以及它们将产生什么影响，不仅是对我们的公司，而且是对我们更广泛的社区？ 特朗普总统已采取行动抗击中国的盗窃和掠夺性的经济行为。他正在坚决要求尊重和对等。这在本周当我们签署一项贸易协议的第一部分时将会实现。他知道经济安全事实上处于我的一系列使命的核心：提供国家安全、保护你们每一个人。 而且我们对用于中国共产党遍及全国的监控机器的部件施加了出口管制。我们对可能有军事用途的技术出口进行了更加严格得多的核查。我们已经极大地减少了我们同中国分享的核技术，哪怕是出于名义上的和平目的。 我们的政府机构正在以新的方式协同合作，制止中国军方利用我们自己的创新来针对我们。而且我们正在提醒我们的盟友及合作伙伴认清与让华为在他们的国家内修建其5G网络有关联的巨大的安全和隐私方面的风险。 保护美国的创新——创新能力也是我们在这些谈判中的努力的核心。我们将在政府中尽我们的力量，而且我们将继续增强我们的执行力。你们应当知道我们站在你们这一边。但保卫自由和国家安全不仅仅是政府的职责；而且也是每一位公民的职责。我知道你们大家都将参与其中。你们与之自然而然地契合。全世界几乎没有哪个社区比硅谷更重视环境、社会和治理原则。 我先前提出的难题不容易解答，而且我今天在这里肯定不是要告诉你们答案是什么。每一个公司都是不同的。我知道你们都会想出办法。我知道这一点，因为你们是让世界发生转变的高瞻远瞩的人。你们的公司建立在给你们的同胞带来惠益的信条之上，我知道你们将正确行事。作为美国的国务卿，我希望你们将会很快这样做。美国正面临来自中国的一种挑战，需要你们全部所有的创新技能和创新精神。 感谢你们今天抽出时间来。我期待着回答提问，几乎任何问题都可以。（笑声）谢谢大家。（掌声）

Secretary Michael R. Pompeo Remarks to the Silicon Valley Leadership Group: “Technology and the China Security Challenge” January 13, 2020 Commonwealth Club San Francisco, California January 14, 2020 Technology and the China Security Challenge 01/14/2020 12:40 AM EST Michael R. Pompeo, Secretary of State Commonwealth Club San Francisco, California SECRETARY POMPEO:  Well, good afternoon, everyone.  Thank you, Carl, for that kind introduction.  And thanks, too, to Dr. Duffy and for allowing me to be here at the Commonwealth Club today and hosting me. I’ve now had a chance to read a little bit about the Silicon Valley Leadership Group and its founding in the ‘70s to solve one of the era’s biggest problems: rolling energy blackouts.  Sounds like you’re right back at it again.  (Laughter.)  I think I can do that joke.  I’m from California.  (Laughter.)  I think it’s okay. More seriously, it’s really an honor for me to be here.  The work that’s been done here in the valley is unfathomable.  The works of genius, the contribution to the world has brought prosperity to millions of people in California and across the world.  Alongside American ideals of freedom and democracy, it has improved humanity.  And what you’ve done – I can say this as having been in the private sector myself – is truly an act of service of the first order, an act of service in its own kind. And I know today, too, that I speak to a special group in particular as your founder, David Packard, exemplified what’s truly special about our great nation.  He realized that the American dream was real.  He lived it.  He was a patriot.  He knew that American economic security was a part of corporate citizenship.  He’d served as the secretary – a deputy secretary of defense in the Nixon administration.  I was just a captain in the Army—that’s not bad for Mr. Packard.  I’ll try to match him one fine day. He said that “management has a responsibility to its employees, to its customers, to the community at large.”  I think he was in that vein encouraging us all to “think bigger.” And I want to talk to you about one specific topic today, the challenges and opportunities that the United States has with China.  We need to think bigger, perhaps, and better as well.  Because I am convinced that we can cooperate with China, as this administration has shown with what I hope will be in the next several hours the signing of a phase one trade deal.  That’s a fantastic thing, I believe, for the United States.  We’d welcome more of it. But we also have to honestly confront tough questions about the national security consequences of doing business in a country controlled by the Chinese Communist Party.  That especially goes for companies that develop some of our most sensitive technology, as many do here in this region. I want to make some brief remarks and then we’ll take questions that Carl presents.  We’ll – I’m happy to talk about almost anything with you.  And you will see that I will speak very directly.  So much of America’s prosperity is generated here – here now and in the future. It’s astonishing to think of the earth-shaking innovations like Twitter.  I know I watch one Twitter account in particular each and every day.  (Laughter.)  You should all know that freedom underpins every bit of this great work: the freedom to think and communicate what each of us wants; the freedom to innovate and protect your own property, your inventions; the freedom to compete; the freedom from cross-border sales taxes – until just a few years ago. Even if you fail, as many of us have, our system is geared to help you to get up and get after it again.  And I know so many in this room, so many entrepreneurs, wear failure as a badge of honor, because you learned and you improved and you continued to compete.  It’s how we all learn to execute our ideas and get them right the second time. And this system, our idea of capitalism with free markets, has produced the greatest wealth and prosperity that the world has ever seen, and technology has played a huge role in that, and we all know it will continue to do so. It is, when I travel the world, very clear that only in America could the titans of tech have risen from the garages and dorms of Palo Alto and Mountain View, and made and continue to make American freedoms possible. Yet our companies do business in many parts of the world that don’t enjoy these very freedoms.  China – specifically the Chinese Communist Party – presents unique challenges, especially to your industry. You all know these problems first-hand.  I’ll recount them, but I mostly want to ask for your thoughts.  Look, I’ve heard business leaders share with me – frankly, mostly in private – their concerns:  fears of getting hacked; fears of a Chinese state-backed company undercutting your margins; fears that a Chinese company will steal your idea, manufacture it in China, and then sue you out of business for patent infringement. And the fact that I’m mostly told that in private, I think, is very telling as well. It gets to a big point: that China’s rampant theft of intellectual property is real, and that it’s not just a problem for the particular company affected.  Because that capacity to invest and create and protect those property rights underpins the entire innovation economy that we have here in the United States. As we stand here today, there are about a thousand open intellectual property cases with the FBI, nearly all of them somehow connected to China. But it’s – as you know, it’s the application of that property that is just as troubling.  There’s a reason so many hackers and thieves – like the A.P.T. 10 group ‒ are connected to the Chinese Ministry of State Security. Under Xi Jinping, the CCP has prioritized something called “military-civil fusion.”  Many of you will know this.  It’s a technical term but a very simple idea.  Under Chinese law, Chinese companies and researchers must – I repeat, must – under penalty of law, share technology with the Chinese military. The goal is to ensure that the People’s Liberation Army has military dominance.  And the PLA’s core mission is to sustain the Chinese Communist Party’s grip on power – that same Chinese Communist Party that has led China in an increasingly authoritarian direction and one that is increasingly repressive as well.  It runs completely at odds with the tolerant views that are held here in this area and all across America. So, so even if the Chinese Communist Party gives assurances about your technology being confined to peaceful uses, you should know there is enormous risk, risk to America’s national security as well. This is a real problem, given that many of our most innovative companies have formed partnerships with the Chinese Government and companies that are linked to it. Last year, a friend, the former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Dunford, said as following in testimony before the United States Senate.  He said, “The work that Google is doing in China is indirectly benefiting the Chinese military.” Look, the commercial decisions are yours to make.  You’ve got shareholders for which you hold – which hold you accountable, and boards of directors to which you have fiduciary obligations.  And I know.  I know your job is to make money for your shareholders.  The Trump administration is all for it.  Invent new things.  Change the world.  I get that.  The small company I ran, we tried to do precisely that each and every day. But I also want to remind each of you as Americans, as citizens of a free nation, that it is increasingly at risk from Chinese actions that may undermine the very freedom that you have to build your business and create.  This is not to be alarmist.  It’s not to be threatening.  It is for all of us to be aware of. Look, that’s already happened in Washington, D.C.  We now see China for what it is, not what we wish it would be.  It’s happened on both sides of the political aisle, and American companies have also rallied to patriotic causes.  It’s a long history of that here in the United States.  Any of you who have read history would remember that the so-called “Arsenal of Democracy,” also known as American manufacturing, was essential for our victory back in World War II. Sausalito, just across the bridge, was home to an astounding operation that built one merchant ship a week during the entire war.  Only American ingenuity could have done that. And in the wake of September 11th when 3,000 lives were lost, financial institutions in New York volunteered pages upon pages of records which helped the FBI identify the hijackers that had committed this horrific terror. So we’ll talk about this today.  How can your company extend this good legacy?  How can we create unity to defend our companies and America’s values?  I’m convinced that we can do both. I’m not here to demand that you get out of China.  In fact, it’s just the opposite.  We want American companies to get rich doing business there.  We want you to grow jobs here in America and build your companies successfully.  We want to create conditions so that you can do so on a level playing field, in the spirit of respect between our two nations.  Indeed, that’s the whole point of President Trump’s trade talks. At the same time, we need to make sure that our companies don’t do deals that strengthen a competitor’s military or tighten the regime’s grip of repression in parts of that country.  We need to make sure American technology doesn’t power a truly Orwellian surveillance state.  We need to make sure American principles aren’t sacrificed for prosperity. So ask yourselves just a few questions:  Who am I dealing with?  What’s the true risk-return calculus to doing business in China?  Am I educating the senior leaders in my organization – my board, my employees, the C-suite executives – about the choices our company faces and what impact that will have, not only on our company but our community more broadly? President Trump has taken action to confront China’s theft and predatory economic practices.  He’s demanding respect and reciprocity.  It’s happening this very week when we sign the first part of a trade deal.  He knows that economic security is, in fact, at the core of my mission set: to provide national security, to protect each and every one of you. And we’ve put export controls on parts that go into the CCP’s nationwide surveillance machine.  We’ve applied much greater scrutiny to technology exports that could have military use.  We’ve dramatically reduced the nuclear technology we share with China, even for nominally peaceful purposes. Our government agencies are cooperating in new ways to stop the Chinese military from using our own innovation against us.  And we’re putting our allies and partners on notice about the massive security and privacy risks connected to letting Huawei construct their 5G networks inside of their countries. And too, protecting America’s innovating – innovative capacity is at the center of what we’re trying to do in these talks.  We’ll do our part in the government and we’ll keep ramping up our enforcement.  You should know that we’re on your side.  But defending freedom and national security isn’t just the government’s job; it’s one for each and every and citizen.  I know you’ll all be part of that.  You’re a natural fit.  There’s hardly a community in the world that prioritizes environmental, social, and governance principles more than does Silicon Valley. Look, the hard questions that I posed earlier don’t have easy answers, and I am certainly not here today to tell you what the answers are.  Every company is different.  I know you all will figure it out.  I know that because you are visionaries who have transformed the world.  Your companies are built on the ethos of bringing good things to your fellow man, and I know you’ll get it right.  As America’s Secretary of State, I’m hoping you’ll do that soon.  America is facing a challenge from China that demands every fiber of your innovative skill and your innovative spirit. Thank you for your time today.  I look forward to taking questions about almost anything.  (Laughter.)  Thank you all.  (Applause.) MR GUARDINO:   Excellent. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Thank you, Carl. MR GUARDINO:  Well done.  Secretary of State Pompeo, thank you for those excellent remarks reminding all of us that we are Americans as well as entrepreneurs.  It is my pleasure to ask you a few questions before we collect question cards from our Silicon Valley Leadership Group and Commonwealth Club audience. Secretary Pompeo, let me begin.  You talked about U.S. and China trade relations.  Many Silicon Valley employers large and small engage in trade with and do business in China.  Are there opportunities to ensure greater fairness between U.S. employers and our Chinese counterparts? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yeah, I don’t think there’s any doubt about that.  Look, I’m happy to take responsibility for this in two ways.  One, I ran a small company.  We had an office in Shanghai.  And then I was a member of Congress, where I probably didn’t do all that I should have.  I think this recognition that there is this upended trade relationship that fundamentally doesn’t permit that a company like the small one that I ran to invest in China in the same way that they could have invested in the United States, that these – the reciprocity has just simply been missing, that the imbalance, the unequal treatment didn’t treat American employers, American companies, American innovation fairly, and gave the Chinese too much room to run. And we hope we can fix that – fix that not by containing China or restricting China, but rather just the opposite of that, by ensuring that we have exactly the same opportunities to sell our products, to build our businesses, to invest, to create joint ventures with the – with Chinese companies to help China be successful.  There are still several hundred million people in China that need to be lifted out of poverty.  America should be a part of that, but we’ve got to do so in a way that fundamentally treats American businesses the same way in China that Chinese businesses are treating here – treated here in the United States.  And we’ve made real progress in these three years, and we are still working on that project. MR GUARDINO:  Secretary Pompeo, you alluded to this in your formal remarks: phase one deal, possible phase two.  The current tariff dispute with China seems to have reached an opening for improved trade relations with the phase one deal anticipated to be signed this Wednesday.  How do you see the next phase of a trade deal developing, and what do you think are the key component parts of a phase two deal? SECRETARY POMPEO:  I’m going to – I’m going to take a pass on that, only in the following sense.  I’ve seen the phase one deal.  It’s real progress.  It’s good stuff.  It took a lot of energy and a lot of effort.  I applaud Ambassador Lighthizer and Secretary Mnuchin for their diligent effort. It also took a President who was prepared to convince the Chinese we were prepared to take action that was going to be cost-imposing on them to convince them that this wasn’t just something we should talk about for the next 50 years, but rather had to be dealt with in real time.  The President was serious about that.  There were – there were those that critiqued that path forward and his use of tariffs, but I think it ultimately has gotten us to a place where we will have a better set of trade relationships come this Wednesday than we had before that with a lot of work still in front of us. MR GUARDINO:  Secretary Pompeo, you mentioned 5G in your prepared remarks as well.  The administration has put a great deal of emphasis on 5G technology.  Why does the administration view this as critical to our technology dominance? SECRETARY POMPEO:  So I did mention 5G.  It’s broader than that, this challenge.  But with respect to 5G we see so many countries that are completely unprepared for what installing 5G technology in their nationwide systems will do for their security.  You go to European countries and they’re keenly aware of the need to protect the private information of their citizens, their health care records, all of the things that none of us want out in the public space, and yet they’re prepared to make that – allow that information to transit across Chinese infrastructure. And I remind them – and this is an imperfect analogy, and I’m deeply aware of that – but none of us would have installed Soviet technology.  Right?  We would have never allowed our private citizens to go – to work across that.  This is technology that the Chinese Communist Party will have access to this information.  How they’ll get it, when they’ll get it, how much of it they’ll decide to have access to, we can all debate.  But make no mistake about it, they’ll have the capacity to get at this deeply personal information. It makes – it makes it harder, as someone who ran the Central Intelligence Agency for 18 months; if it’s not done properly, the close information-sharing relationships we have with these countries are potentially at risk.  We will never permit U.S. sensitive information to transit across a network that we knowingly believe is not a trusted network, and this technology, for all of its glory – indeed, some of the things that make it so special – create those very risks in spades. MR GUARDINO:  Secretary Pompeo, let’s pull back just a little bit to the overall role of the State Department.  Government operations can seem like a black box to individuals who don’t work in policy and — SECRETARY POMPEO:  Even to some of us who do.  (Laughter.) MR GUARDINO:  What would you want the average American citizen to know about the work that you do and the work of your patriots at the State Department? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Oh, goodness.  So a couple of things.  The team of people who decide to come to the State Department either as civil servants to work, to take the Foreign Service Officer test and try to engage the world, putting America’s best forward diplomatically, are truly people who care so deeply about the same things I talked about here just a few minutes ago. We don’t get it right every day by any stretch of the imagination, collectively, but the effort and the risk that they take – you saw this just this past couple of weeks in Baghdad, where there were many of the folks who work directly for me who were at real risk in not only the embassy in Baghdad but embassies throughout the region.  They were prepared to leave their families, go into hardship places, take real risks for themselves – all for the purpose of working to deliver America’s message, America’s diplomatic message, so that we can be a force for good in the world. It’s a powerful team, a big team.  If we get it right, a lot fewer of our boys and girls will have to ever go into armed conflict, which creates enormous risk and has enormous cost.  I take that on board every morning with my counterparts at the Secretary of Defense, knowing that if we do our job at the State Department, we can save an awful lot of American military lives. MR GUARDINO:  Wonderful.  And Mr. Secretary, if I may just say, working with your team these past three weeks in preparation of today, they’re an outstanding group of American citizens. SECRETARY POMPEO:  That’s very kind.  Thank you. MR GUARDINO:  Let’s talk about cyber.  As a leading member of the administration, you have unique access and insight into United States national security matters.  What can you share with us about the extent of hacking aimed at the – at our United States Government? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Boy, I want to be very humble in this room talking about cyber threats.  (Laughter.)  So many of you are on the front lines not only in protecting information for our private industry but assisting the United States Government in making sure that we’re thoughtful and capable in defending American national security networks as well, governmental networks. The place to begin is that the threat has changed over the last eight to 10 years.  As more items become networked, the cost of inflicting harm on these networks is reduced, and so you see the cyber attacks, the threats from nation-state actors like Iran, from North Korea, from Russia, from China, are real, sophisticated, and broad.  But now we face them from non-state actors as well, whether that’s al-Qaida or ISIS or others who are something more akin to criminal gangs. So the threat from the cyber risk to American infrastructure is real.  The good news is – and I am thankful and I want to thank folks in this room – many in private industry have expended enormous resources to ensure that these networks are protected.  We’ve done real good work.  Since I came into Congress back in 2011, I’ve watched us become more nimble, more capable, at defending our financial infrastructure, our energy infrastructure – these things that pose real costs if we get it wrong.  And many of you have been helpful, too, in taking America’s most sensitive networks and making them more secure as well.  The threat is real, the cost is cheap, and we need to be ever-vigilant. MR GUARDINO:  Secretary Pompeo, as Secretary of State you enjoy close relations with many foreign leaders.  How do your counterparts view the challenge of supporting international trade while also protecting vital technology? SECRETARY POMPEO:  So it’s fascinating.  The same thing happens in, I think, every institution.  If I talk to my counterparts on the national security team, they’re with us, and then it goes over to their commerce department and treasury department, and they’ve got a different outlook, a different optic.  It makes perfect sense – each charged with a different mission. But what I’ve found, whether it’s with our European counterparts or our counterparts in Southeast Asia, they take on board our technical analysis that we provide them.  This for us isn’t about politics.  Indeed, some of the best 5G technology isn’t – it is right – it’s in European countries, not here in the United States – some of the folks that could most directly and most quickly challenge Huawei.  So this isn’t about selling American stuff.  It’s not an American commercial effort.  It’s a national security effort. And so they’ve got to make their own balances, too.  Some of these countries aren’t countries with great wealth, and so when the Chinese show up with Huawei technology and it’s cheap and it’s ready and can show up, I understand the appeal.  And so we have to help them understand the risks that are associated with that, and then each country gets to make its own sovereign decision. MR GUARDINO:  Let’s talk a little bit about our ongoing relations with North Korea.  Relations between the United States and North Korea saw both breakthroughs and challenges in 2019, and many believe that North Korea continues to pose a cyber risk to the United States.  How do you see such relations progressing in 2020? SECRETARY POMPEO:  So my son joked with me the other day that I’ve now spent more time with Chairman Kim than anybody, including Dennis Rodman.  (Laughter.) So we continue to be in conversation with them about convincing them that it is in the North Koreans’ best interest to deliver on the commitment that Chairman Kim made now, goodness, 18 months ago in June of 2018.  It’s been slow.  It’s been two steps forward and a step or two back.  I still remain hopeful that North Korea will make the right decision, not – certainly the right decision for the world, but the right decision for the North Korean people as well. The weapons systems that they have do pose a real risk.  America doesn’t pose a security risk to the North Koreans.  We want a brighter future for them.  And if we can get the right arrangement, if we can get the sequence right, and we can have serious conversations about it, I still hold out hope that we can convince Chairman Kim to move away from the nuclear weapons as their great wall of protection and convince them that there is a brighter, even more secure posture that they can have without those nuclear weapons. It’s been a challenge for an awfully long time.  The sanctions that we have put in place on North Korea along with the rest of the world – these are United Nations sanctions, global sanctions, not American sanctions – have certainly caused Chairman Kim to think seriously about the right path forward for his people.  I hope we have a successful 2020.  It would be – it would be great for America.  It would be great for the world.  It would be great for the region as well. MR GUARDINO:  Amen.  Secretary Pompeo, as we are about to segue to questions from our Commonwealth Club/Silicon Valley Leadership Group audience today, I want to remind our audience that you wear many hats and have worn many hats – the hat as a U.S. Army captain, as a Harvard Law review editor, as a CEO, as a member of Congress, as a CIA director, as a husband, a father, Secretary of State.  There’s only one more hat that I hope you will wear this weekend, and that is the hat to be a fan of our San Francisco 49ers.  (Laughter and applause.) SECRETARY POMPEO:  Very nice.  That’s very kind.  Thank you. MR GUARDINO:  Now, if things go well for both of us this weekend, you don’t have to wear it the next game. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yes, as a Chiefs fan I’m sitting there — MR GUARDINO:  Yes, yes. SECRETARY POMPEO:  — not wanting to be too close to it.  (Laughter.) MR GUARDINO:  We’ll move it to my side of the table.  (Laughter.) We have wonderful questions from our Commonwealth Club/Silicon Valley Leadership Group audience, and since we’re both proud Italian Americans whose grandparents came here at the turn of the last century, let’s start with that: immigration. Silicon Valley was built in large part through the brains and on the backs of immigrants who came to this country, risked all, worked in American companies or started their own.  What do you view as the administration’s role moving forward to ensure that the U.S. remains an attractive place for attracting the top talent from around the world? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yeah.  So it’s a great question.  We have to remain so.  None of our businesses can survive without making sure we have the right human capital and access to that.  We’ve taken a view that says we want to make sure that immigration is lawful. I remember – I remember when I was a member of Congress, I would have people call my office and say:  My family member is in country X.  How can they get there?  And we would help them fill out the paperwork and it would be six, eight, 10 years if everything went right.  And we have people who are coming here illegally, and that never made any sense. We ought to have an immigration system that is fundamentally based on the rule of law.  President Trump is trying to do that.  One that welcomes human capital to come here and promote our businesses.  And if we get it right – if we get both pieces of this right – we will still have folks like our family members who came here, who wanted to be American, who wanted to participate in this great American dream, and they will be available not only to make sure that we continue to grow our innovation economy, but to build the central – build on the central understandings that our founders created about what’s – and what has made this place so unique and so special and given me these incredible privileges that I’ve had. MR GUARDINO:  Wonderful.  My family was from Sicily.  Yours? SECRETARY POMPEO:  From Pacentro, a little town in Abruzzo. MR GUARDINO:  Oh, how beautiful. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yeah. MR GUARDINO:  Yes.  Wonderful. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Pretty neat place. MR GUARDINO:  Have you been back? SECRETARY POMPEO:  I had a chance to go back there just a few months ago, which was a lot of fun.  I hadn’t been back.  My father never got a chance to go back.  So it was really, really quite special. MR GUARDINO:  They won’t let me go.  (Laughter.) Secretary Pompeo, what thoughts do you have on helping Americans rebuild trust in each other as well as our government at all levels? SECRETARY POMPEO:  It’s – having now been in Washington for 10 years, having sworn to my wife it would be 10 years and no more – I’m at the end of my current license – my obligation every day, and I’m sure I fall short from time to time – my obligation is to do my level best not to be part of the bickering, not to be part of the partisanship, to always do my level best to tell the truth to the American people of what we’re doing, why we’re doing it, to accept when people are critical when they – when they say, boy, we think you’ve got it wrong.  That doesn’t truly ever bother me.  If we have a good, lively discussion about policy – how we get it right, what the attendant risks are when we don’t – those are valuable conversations that I try to take on board and I tell my team at every level to take on board as well. But I watched – it is an incredibly partisan environment.  There are attacks taking place that are a direct result of personal animosity and not based on what indeed is best for America.  I hope, as I perform my function around the world trying to deliver American diplomacy around the world, that I’m not part of that, that I’m doing my level best every day to represent President Trump and this administration.  The American people gave us a mission set, gave the President a mandate.  We’ve tried to deliver on that every day.  And I hope that everyone, from wherever they come, whatever part of America they come from, whatever party that they belong to, that they’ll be part of that, too. Take your – take your shots.  Criticize me for the things we do or the policies we adopt.  That is in the finest American tradition.  But I’ve seen too much that wasn’t about that, it was different from that, and that’s not productive.  And to your point, or the point of the question, I think – I think it does reduce trust in government and as the American people stare at their leaders who they’ve entrusted to be good stewards during their time of service. MR GUARDINO:  Yeah.  Mr. Secretary, thank you for that thoughtful answer.  I think we both agree.  I’m a firm believer that we can lift ourselves up without tearing others down, and thanks for living that type of life of integrity. SECRETARY POMPEO:  I’m sure some will go find the video clip where I didn’t quite live up to that – (laughter) – during my time in Congress.  I am an imperfect soul, for sure. MR GUARDINO:  As we all are.  Secretary Pompeo, our next Commonwealth Club question:  “You will meet with Japan and South Korea’s foreign ministers tomorrow.  With regards to North Korea, what do you want to discuss with your counterparts?” SECRETARY POMPEO:  So the resolution of the issues in North Korea are going to take a global perspective and a regional perspective, and my Japanese counterparts and South Korean partners are central to that.  In fact, in some ways the issues impact them more.  The launches that took place from North Korea, the short-range ballistic missiles that were launched over the past several months, certainly posed more of a risk to them than they do to anyone here in the West Coast or in the United States. I want to talk to them about how we’re going to approach the next months, what the opportunities are for continued negotiation and conversations.  I also want to make sure that we’re all talking to China in the same way.  The issue of North Korea is unlikely to be resolved without the Chinese Government also weighing in, making very clear to the North Korean leadership that it is also the Chinese expectation that North Korea will denuclearize.  If we don’t have all the parties in the region – certainly the border countries, the primary border countries of North Korea – it’s unlikely this will happen as a result only of efforts of the United States.  So we want to check in with them. We also have a lot of other conversations, a lot of trade issues.  There are issues between those two countries that I want to hear about and try and make sure that both South Korea and Japan are figuring their way through their relationship together as well. MR GUARDINO:  Secretary Pompeo, our next Commonwealth Club/Silicon Valley Leadership Group question reads:  “Is there a plan to harden security for our infrastructure such as water, electrical, telecommunications?  And if so, will there be funding associated with this effort?” SECRETARY POMPEO:  The second one is no, absolutely not, you’re on your own.  (Laughter.)  No, the truth is I’ve watched this.  I served on the Energy and Commerce Committee when I was a member of Congress.  I watched the good work that was being done in each of those spaces.  There is money that’s available.  There are grants and assistance that are provided to small communities, to cities both rural and urban, to help them at least identify their needs.  Often it’s the case that those cities are responsible for executing the plan themselves. We’ve come a long way.  I actually feel pretty good about many of those.  It’s always easier to play offense than defense, and so some of the things that were put in place in 2016 and ’17 to harden energy infrastructure and water and waste treatment systems probably need to be looked at even again.  But we need a national consensus on the standards, and then we need a local effort to figure out how best to deliver those outcomes. MR GUARDINO:  This next question is quite fascinating and goes to the heart of innovation here in Silicon Valley and beyond:  “What steps will the administration undertake to ensure American leadership in the self-driving vehicle industry, and particularly how will leadership be maintained over China given controls over exports mandated in the 2018 Export Control Reform Act?” SECRETARY POMPEO:  I do not know the answer to that question, but I’ll speak more broadly to next-generation technologies.  It has fundamentally been President Trump’s view that the – that Washington-driven ideas about how to achieve this are doomed to fail.  Rather, we have done our best to roll back tax burdens, create more capital, more freedom, to get rid of some of the regulations that I know when I was a small business owner back in the 2000s that were incredibly difficult and incredibly expensive, prevented me from competing in ways against not only China but countries from Europe and from South America. Leaving the decision making, the entrepreneurship, to those who are best suited to do that and who, frankly, have the incentives system right where government never possibly can.  And then too, second, making sure that when we are competing against Chinese companies that are often subsidized, to do our best to take that – if you take a look at what we’re trying to do in phase two of the trade deal, to take down some of that competitive advantage that is driven by the state-owned enterprises inside of China, where it makes it very difficult for a U.S. private company to compete. MR GUARDINO:  Our next question is on innovation and research funding:  “Early stage research yields numerous technology breakthroughs that are later commercialized by private employers.  Examples include GPS, touchscreen technology, and the internet.  Yet many countries proportionally invest more in their own R&D than the U.S.  What is the administration’s view on funding medical and technology R&D, and what can we – what can be done to ensure the U.S. does not suffer an innovation deficit?” SECRETARY POMPEO:  So there is a role in basic technology and basic research that is best performed with government dollars.  There are multiple ways one can approach that.  You can try and create big, highly-centralized bureaucracies to do it, or you can allocate capital based on projects as best you see.  I always am an advocate for making sure that those who have the right incentives do it best. But for some of these basic research items – and I think our number now – I’ve seen different counts – is between one and a quarter and one and three-quarters percent of GDP that’s spent on basic research.  There are a handful of countries that spend more on a percentage basis, but very few that spend as much on a dollar basis.  I’m proud of that.  We ought to keep it.  I know President Trump has always had in our budget increases in that number as well. So we’re hard at it.  We’re still trying to figure out how it is that we marry up – to your point, to marry up that technology to make sure that it gets out of the government sector at the appropriate point, when it births at exactly the appropriate point where it’s no longer the case that the government is best suited to resolve that, to bring it forward.  And we get lots of input from the private sector on how best to do that.  There’s lots of different ideas.  We’d welcome your thoughts on how to achieve it as well.  President Trump gets that there are things that only government can do when it comes to basic technology and basic research. MR GUARDINO:  Secretary Pompeo, our next question from our Commonwealth Club/Silicon Valley Leadership Group audience is around Silicon Valley and the national economy and feeds right into your excellent remarks as we started our day together:  “How do you view Silicon Valley as a component of our national economy?” SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yeah, it’s a big part of our GDP, and we are – everyone from OMB on down is thrilled that you pay as much in taxes as you do.  Thank you.  (Laughter.) MR GUARDINO:  I’m not quite as excited, and my wife isn’t either.  (Laughter.) SECRETARY POMPEO:  It’s Silicon Valley, but Silicon Valley thought of in the biggest possible terms, in terms of the connectivity and relationships that are developed there and the intellectual capital that’s developed right here in this region.  It is central to my mission. When I travel around the world and talk to my counterparts, I know I always have at my back the fact that we’ve got a growing, thriving economy.  It matters an awful lot.  They know it, too.  They are striving for it.  It is difficult, frankly, for many of them to get to that same place.  They know that, too. And so the work that’s done here, the work that’s done by entrepreneurs succeeding and failing and growing and putting enormous sums of capital at risk, create true power for me as America’s most senior diplomat.  We need to be proud of that.  We need to defend it when it’s under threat.  And then we need to get the heck out of your way so you all can keep doing it. MR GUARDINO:  This next question from a Commonwealth Club member:  “The press largely reported a significant rise in nationalist fervor by the Iranian people after General Soleimani’s killing.  Was it depicted accurately in the press, and how do you believe the administration should respond with the Iranian people?” SECRETARY POMPEO:  So I couldn’t tell you if the press got it right or not, other than I’d tell you most often they don’t.  And what do I mean by that?  There is a – this central idea that somehow America is getting it wrong, and if you’ve watched the protests over these last few weeks, my view is this was entirely predictable.  It was entirely predictable because it is at the core of our – the Trump administration’s belief that people all across the world yearn for freedom. And so when you see people marching at Qasem Soleimani’s funeral, it is unlikely to be the case that a gentleman who had killed so many of their brothers and sisters would be someone that they would admire and love.  And so you have to reconcile, well, why are they there? The answer is you’re sitting in an authoritarian space and the resources of the state are dedicated to putting people in the streets.  In the moments that followed, in the days that have followed, you’ve watched – you’ve watched the Iranian people take to the streets with a very different message, and they have done so at enormous personal risk.  And some of them, if history is any indicator, will be imprisoned in Evin prison in Iran. But nonetheless, that desire for freedom, that seeking – of knowing that the regime is fundamentally treating the Iranian people unfairly, I think most Iranian people know that.  I think you’ll see the same thing in the days ahead inside of Iraq.  The media narrative was, boy, the Americans took an action and this will drive the Iraqi people to be anti-American.  I fundamentally think the media has got that wrong.  I think they have misunderstood people all across the world, whether they are Iraqi or Iranian or people in other places all across the globe. I think they understand when their government is treating them improperly and treating them unfairly, they can’t always find a path forward; but over time – and frankly, with the encouragement of European countries and Asian countries, and as you’ve seen the President tweeting these past couple of days with the support of the United States of America saying that we will be with you, we’ll do the things that will help you, we can create better outcomes for those people as well. It’s central to what we do.  It’s not about nation building.  It’s about reminding the world about the greatness of our founders, of our Constitution, and what it means for every human being to have dignity by – just by the nature of their humanness.  And if we do that, and if we’re candid and we speak about that openly wherever we find it, we’ll create more people who have these same opportunities that we have.  (Applause.) MR GUARDINO:  Our next Commonwealth Club question is about Russian interference — SECRETARY POMPEO:  I’m against it.  (Laughter.) MR GUARDINO:  — in our U.S. democratic process.  “What will the administration continue to do to address such concern and minimize the risk of future interference?” SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yeah.  So we’ve done a great deal.  The Russians sought to have an impact on the election in 2016.  We worked hard on this during our time in service.  That was obviously during the previous administration.  We were pretty successful in 2018.  People forget that we’ve had one election, national election, subsequent to that already.  We now have one that’s 10 months off. You should know, and the American people should know, that President Trump has directed every agency with some connection to that to do all necessary to protect the integrity and the fairness of our elections. And then I’d add – and this is important; it gets to the question about cyber you asked earlier – there’s been an awful lot of focus on Russian interference in our election.  Woe be it to the leaders who just simply think that it’s Russia that’s trying to have an impact on our elections.  There are many actors who are actively involved trying to figure out how they can impact America’s elections, how they can exert influence, how they can mess with our system.  And you all know this. If our system lacks integrity and if the American people don’t have confidence that our leaders are duly elected, that presents an enormous risk to the American experiment.  President Trump is committed to making sure that we do everything we can to never put America in that situation. MR GUARDINO:  We have reached the point in our program where there is only time for one last question.  I’ll make it a Part A and a Part B.  (Laughter.) Part A:  Secretary Pompeo, what has surprised you the most about your time of service for our country in Washington, D.C.?  And who besides Keith Krach are you going to steal from Silicon Valley?  (Laughter.) SECRETARY POMPEO:  Well, Keith has actually helped me steal a handful more, and we’re not done yet.  (Laughter.)  There’s so much talent here, and I want to thank all the folks who gave up productive, profitable, important careers to come be part of what we’re doing at the State Department, where you can also be productive and do good work and do important things. I urge everyone who gets the chance for a time in service to take part of their life to go do that, wherever that may be.  It can be in your church.  It can be inside the United States Government.  There are lots of opportunities.  But the chance to serve for me has proven something that’s been incredibly rewarding, and I hope every day I make America just a little bit better off. As for your first question, what’s been most surprising, two things – one not good and the other, I think, will give us all comfort.  The one that’s not good is, I must say, as I travel the world, the absolute level of corruption around the world in so many countries.  We take for granted that in America it’s just not like that – you do a deal, we have a court system, we have the rule of law; it works.  In so many places, that simply doesn’t exist.  You have corruption at levels that are difficult to even see one’s way through.  It’s why some of these countries – very difficult for you all to invest in them because there’s no way that you can ensure that you will have the opportunity to invest in a clean fashion, in a way that’s consistent with both U.S. law and good governance side of your companies. We spend a lot of time at the State Department trying to figure out how to take that level of corruption down, to reduce it.  We have leaders all the time say, “Mike, we want more American investment in our country.”  And the first thing I say to them each time is, “How’s your court system?  How’s your enforcement system for property rights?  Do your universities begin to match the task?  Can you create the human conditions for the growth of human capital?”  And if you have corruption, that almost never exists. And so I’ve been surprised at that.  I perhaps should have known it, but I’ve seen it so clearly in my time both as CIA director and now as the Secretary of State. The other thing that I shouldn’t have been surprised but I have been surprised by in my three years is the enormous decency that I find throughout America.  There are a lot of people who don’t think Mike Pompeo is very whippy from a policy perspective; but as Susan and I go around and so many people come up to us and just say, “Hey, thanks for your service.  I don’t think a lick for the way you’re thinking about the world, but I appreciate what you’re doing trying to make a better place and appreciate that.”  We’ve seen that as we’ve traveled around the world.  Americans will come up to us, and it always reminds me and it heartens me, because it gives me the courage to try my best every day to deliver and to know that there is a group of people out there who are going to be supportive of the things we do, not on a partisan basis but as a nation. MR GUARDINO:  Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, thank you for your servant leadership.  Thank you for your service to our country.  We also want to thank our audiences here and on radio, television, and the internet.  I’m Carl Guardino, CEO of the Silicon Valley Leadership Group, and now this joint program of the Commonwealth Club and the Silicon Valley Leadership Group is adjourned.  (Applause.) SECRETARY POMPEO:  Thank you, Carl.  I’m taking my 9ers cap. MR GUARDINO:  God bless you, sir. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Thank you very much.

人权日-驻北京使馆 临时代办声明 身为美国驻中华人民共和国(PRC)大使馆临时代办，我很荣幸来庆祝联合国《世界人权宣言》通过73周年。美国致力于履行我们在宣言中的承诺，并认识到推动国内外对人权的尊重是我们庄严的任务。美国正在主办民主峰会，来自世界各地的民主政体和我们一道，共同抵御威权主义、打击贪污腐败、并推动对人权的尊重。 自从到北京上任以来，我看到PRC和其官方媒体谈论美国的国内挑战。我们欢迎这些讨论，并呼吁PRC也能如此接受批评。如拜登总统最近所述，“以身作则意味着不假装我们的历史完美，而是展现强大的国家对于过去诚实以对、坚持真理、努力求改进。”如果要有一个真正的、充满活力的民主，其治理模式便必须要能保障公开辩论与表达自由–甚至表达的是对本国政府的批评时，新闻自由和人民通过自由、公平的选举来表达政治意愿的权利对民主而言是至关重要的。 我见证到中国在诸多领域的进展，但我也看到PRC在中国、在国际媒体、在联合国，不实地宣称其支持人权和民主价值。在新疆问题上，国务卿布林肯已确认PRC犯下种族灭绝和危害人类罪，危害绝大多数为穆斯林的维吾尔人，以及其他少数民族和宗教少数群体。美国重申对PRC的呼吁，停止暴行、释放那些被不正当拘留的人、以及允许独立调查人员畅通无阻前往该地区。我们呼吁PRC允许藏传佛教徒信奉其信仰的自由，并停止侵犯他们自决的权利。在香港问题上，我们仍极度关切国安法之下香港高度自治的瓦解，以及其居民受到保护的权利和自由持续恶化。 更广泛地，对行使人权和基本自由的中国公民，包括行使表达自由在内，据报道，PRC将之监禁、虐待、并让他们消失。为了模糊事实和打压新闻自由，记者面临人身和数字威胁与骚扰。随着非政府组织的运作和得到支持的能力面临更大的限制，公民社会的空间不断缩小。律师无法发挥基本职能来捍卫公民的权利，因为其自身也面临来自警方的恐吓，持续面临被撤销律师资格的风险，以及言论受到严重限制。随着神职人员和信众被迫遵守有史以来最严苛的监管和限制，宗教自由日益恶化。男女同性恋、双性恋、变性人、酷儿、间性人等（LGBTQI+）群体在大学校园的社交媒体帐号被审查，勇敢的女性挺身对抗侵犯他们的人，但却遭到毁誉和被噤声。 在庆祝国际人权日的今天，我坚定地申明，人权无国界，而且也不是内部事务。如布林肯国务卿所述，“美国并不宣称自己是十全十美，但是我们每天致力于追求改进，对自己负责，成为更完善的联邦。我们公开、透明地面对自身的挑战，让全世界都看得到。”我希望PRC能履行承诺和义务、信任其公民、进行透明治理、保护人权。在这种情况下，PRC便能开始，将其行动与对中国人民和国际社会的职责保持一致。直到那时，美国和我们的伙伴都有责任，促进问责PRC对人权的践踏。

Statement from the Chargé d’Affaires, a.i. Human Rights Day – Embassy Beijing As Chargé d’Affaires of the U.S. Embassy to the People’s Republic of China (PRC), I am honored to celebrate the 73rd anniversary of the UN’s adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The United States strives to live up to our commitments under the Declaration and recognizes our solemn duty to promote respect for human rights at home and abroad. The United States is hosting the Summit for Democracy, where democracies around the world join us to defend against authoritarianism, fight corruption, and promote respect for human rights. Since my arrival to Beijing, I have seen the PRC and its state media discuss the United States’ domestic challenges. We welcome this discussion and urge the PRC to be as open to criticism. As President Biden recently said, “leading by example means not pretending that our history has been perfect but demonstrating how strong nations speak honestly about the past and uphold the truth and strive to improve.” To have a true and vibrant democracy, one must have a governance model that safeguards open debate and freedom of expression – even when such expression is critical of one’s government, freedom of the press and the right of the people to express their political will through free and fair elections are vital to a democracy. While I have witnessed China’s progress in many areas, I have also seen the PRC inaccurately claim, here in China, in international media, and at the United Nations that it supports human rights and democratic values. On Xinjiang, Secretary Blinken has affirmed that the PRC is committing genocide and crimes against humanity against Uyghurs, who are predominantly Muslim, and members of other ethnic and religious minority groups. The United States reiterates our call for the PRC to cease committing atrocities, release those unjustly detained, and allow independent investigators unhindered access to the region. The United States calls on the PRC to allow Tibetan Buddhists to freely practice their beliefs. On Hong Kong, the United States remains deeply concerned about the dismantling of the city’s high degree of autonomy under the National Security Law and the continued deterioration of protected rights and freedoms of its residents. More broadly, the PRC reportedly jails, tortures, and disappears Chinese citizens for exercising their human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the right to freedom of expression. In an effort to obscure facts and suppress a free press, journalists face physical and digital threats and harassment. The space for civil society continues to shrink as NGOs face greater restrictions on their operations and their ability to receive support. Lawyers cannot perform basic functions to defend the rights of citizens as they face intimidation from the police, the constant risk of disbarment, and severe restrictions on their speech. Freedom of religion or belief continues to deteriorate as clergy and adherents are forced to obey ever stricter regulations and restrictions. Social media accounts of LGBTQI+ groups on college campuses are being censored, and brave women speaking out against their aggressors are defamed and silenced. On this day celebrating Human Rights Day, I resolutely affirm that human rights know no borders and are not internal affairs. As Secretary Blinken has said, “The United States does not claim to be perfect, but we strive every day to improve, to hold ourselves accountable, to become a more perfect union. We confront our own challenges openly, transparently, for the entire world to see.” I hope the PRC will live up to its words and obligations, trust its citizens, govern transparently, and protect human rights. In doing so, the PRC would begin to align its actions with its duties to the Chinese people and the international community. Until that happens, the United States and our partners have the responsibility to promote accountability for the PRC for its human rights abuses.

美国公民身份传递和辅助生殖技术 认识到辅助生殖技术（ART）的进步，美国国务院现更新我们对《移民与国籍法》（INA）第301条的解释与应用，该法条确立了出生时获得美国公民身份的要求。 海外出生的孩子，若其双亲中至少一方为美国公民并且在孩子出生时双亲已结婚，如果孩子与双亲中至少一方有遗传或妊娠关系并符合《移民与国籍法》的其他要求，那么孩子自出生起即成为美国公民。之前，美国国务院对《移民与国籍法》的解释与应用要求双亲中的美国公民与海外出生的孩子有遗传或妊娠关系。 这一对《移民与国籍法》更新后的解释与应用考虑到了现代家庭的现实情况以及自该法案于1952年实施后辅助生殖技术的进步。 这项改变将让更多已婚双亲将美国公民身份传给他们在海外出生的孩子，同时继续遵循《移民与国籍法》规定的公民身份传递要求。对双亲未婚生育的孩子的要求不变。 同时，我们对公民身份欺诈、剥削和滥用的风险保持警惕。如同我们检查的所有公民身份和移民福利一样，美国国务院执行这项政策时将应对这些关切 。

U.S. Citizenship Transmission and Assisted Reproductive Technology Recognizing the advances in assisted reproductive technology (ART), the State Department is updating our interpretation and application of Section 301 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), which establishes the requirements for acquisition of U.S. citizenship at birth. Children born abroad to parents, at least one of whom is a U.S. citizen and who are married to each other at the time of the birth, will be U.S. citizens from birth if they have a genetic or gestational tie to at least one of their parents and meet the INA’s other requirements.  Previously, the Department’s interpretation and application of the INA required that children born abroad have a genetic or gestational relationship to a U.S. citizen parent. This updated interpretation and application of the INA takes into account the realities of modern families and advances in ART from when the Act was enacted in 1952. This change will allow increased numbers of married couples to transmit U.S. citizenship to their children born overseas, while continuing to follow the citizenship transmission requirements established in the INA.   Requirements for children born to unmarried parents remain unchanged. At the same time, we remain vigilant to the risks of citizenship fraud, exploitation, and abuse.  As with all citizenship and immigration benefits we examine, the Department will implement this policy in a manner that addresses these concerns.

U.S. Department of State Seal 为纪念11月25日“消除暴力侵害妇女行为国际日”以及同时启动的“消除性别暴力16日行动”，美国自豪地再次确认其承诺，捍卫世界各地的妇女和女孩不受暴力侵害的权利。美国认可每一名妇女和女孩生来便具有的尊严，并致力于捍卫世界各地妇女和女孩的安全以及培养她们发展成为我们世界的未来领导者。 性别暴力是一项全球问题，每年有数百万妇女和女孩还有她们的社区和家庭因此受到伤害。它渗透进生活的方方面面——它存在于教育环境中、工作里还有家庭内。它妨害全球和平与安全，削弱将家庭和社区维系在一起的社会结构，从而造成国家无法实现社会稳定和经济发展。制止性别暴力需要政府、私营领域和公民社会的协调努力和坚定投入，以便产生持久的影响。 今年，“16日行动”的主题是“橙色点亮世界：平等一代，反对强奸”，这项协同努力旨在动员人们反对强奸这一令人发指的罪行。美国认识到在战争与和平年代都有猖獗的性暴力和强奸问题。现在是时候终止性别暴力了，与幸存者站在一起，并对受害者进行赋能。美国致力于制止性别暴力并呼吁世界各国在这项努力上团结地站在一起——为了国家安全、全球繁荣以及全世界妇女和女孩的权利与尊严。

In observance of the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women on November 25, and the accompanying 16 Days of Activism Against Gender-Based Violence, the United States is proud to reaffirm its commitment to defending the rights of women and girls around the world to live free from violence.  The United States recognizes the inherent dignity that every woman and girl possesses and is committed to defending the safety and security of women and girls around the world and to cultivating their development as future leaders of our world. Gender-based violence is a global issue that harms millions of women and girls annually, as well as their communities and families.  It pervades all aspects of life – it exists in educational environments, the workforce, and in the home. It undermines global peace and security and weakens the social fabric that binds families and communities together, preventing countries from achieving social stability and economic development.  Ending gender-based violence requires a coordinated effort and the steadfast dedication of governments, the private sector, and civil society to create an enduring impact. This year, the theme for the 16 days of Activism is “Orange the World: Generation Equality Stands Against Rape,” a concerted effort to mobilize against the heinous crime of rape.  The United States recognizes that issues of sexual violence and rape are rampant in times of both war and peace. Now is the time to put an end to gender-based violence, to stand with survivors, and to empower victims.  The United States is committed to ending gender-based violence and urges countries around the world to stand united in this effort – for the sake of national security, global prosperity, and the rights and dignity of women and girls worldwide.

美国东部标准时间2022年12月22日晚10:28 发言人办公室  以下内容来自发言人内德·普赖斯：  国务卿安东尼·J·布林肯今天与中华人民共和国国务委员兼外交部长王毅进行了通话。国务卿讨论了保持开放的沟通渠道和负责任地管理美中关系的必要性。国务卿还对俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争及其对全球安全和经济稳定构成的威胁表示了关切。他们进一步讨论了当前新冠疫情形势，国务卿强调了透明度对国际社会的重要性。

12/22/2022 10:28 PM EST  Office of the Spokesperson The following is attributable to Spokesperson Ned Price: Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken spoke today with PRC State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi.  The Secretary discussed the need to maintain open lines of communication and responsibly manage the U.S.-PRC relationship.  The Secretary also raised concerns about Russia’s war against Ukraine and the threats it poses to global security and economic stability.  They further discussed the current COVID-19 situation, and the Secretary underscored the importance of transparency for the international community.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 会谈纪要 2023年6月19日  美国国务院发言人马修·米勒（Matthew Miller）发布的会谈纪要如下：  安东尼·布林肯国务卿于6月18日至19日前往中华人民共和国北京，与国家主席习近平、中共中央外事工作委员会办公室主任王毅以及国务委员兼外交部长秦刚举行了会谈。  双方就双边关系中的关键要务以及一系列全球性和地区性问题进行了坦诚、实质性和建设性的讨论。国务卿强调了在一系列广泛的问题上保持开放的沟通渠道的重要性，以降低误判风险。他明确表示，美国在积极有力地竞争的同时，将负责任地管理这种竞争，使双方关系不至转变为冲突。国务卿强调，美国将继续通过外交途径提出令人关切的领域以及基于我们的一致利益能够进行合作的领域。  双方同意遵循拜登总统和习近平主席在巴厘岛的会谈内容继续就制定指导双边关系的各项原则进行讨论。双方也欢迎为解决双边关系中的具体问题做出的持续努力，并鼓励通过联合工作组（Working Groups）等方式进一步取得进展。双方指出，美国人民和中华人民共和国人民之间的联系具有重要意义，并欢迎加强学生、学者和商务人员之间的交流。这包括致力于增加两国之间的直航航班数量。  布林肯国务卿强调，解决在中国被不公正地拘押或受到出境限制的美国公民的案例仍是美国的一项要务。他强调了共同努力遏止合成毒品及其前体化学品进入全球物流和美国的重要性，这个问题加剧了芬太尼危机。  国务卿提到中华人民共和国不公平的、非市场的经济行为，以及最近针对美国企业采取的行动。他讨论了美国的去风险政策，以及本届政府所做的历史性的国内投资。国务卿对中华人民共和国在新疆、西藏和香港的侵犯人权的行为以及令人关切的具体个案表示关切。他强调，美国将始终捍卫我们的价值观。  国务卿强调了在台湾海峡地区维持和平与稳定的重要性，并重申美国的一个中国政策没有改变，该政策以《台湾关系法》（Taiwan Relations Act）、三个联合公报（Joint Communiques）和六项保证（Six Assurances）为基础。  双方讨论了一系列全球及地区安全问题，其中包括俄罗斯对乌克兰的侵略战争、朝鲜民主主义人民共和国的挑衅行为以及美国对中华人民共和国在古巴的情报活动的关切。国务卿明确表示，美国将与其盟友和伙伴合作，推进我们对一个自由、开放以及维护基于规则的国际秩序的世界的愿景。  双方强调，美国和中国应该共同努力应对共同面临的跨国挑战，如气候变化、全球宏观经济稳定、粮食安全、公共卫生和毒品贩运等问题。国务卿鼓励两国政府在这些领域以及其他领域进一步互动，这是世界期望我们所做的。  双方同意在华盛顿和北京进行后续高层接触，以继续保持畅通的沟通渠道。国务卿邀请秦刚国务委员兼外交部长赴华盛顿继续磋商，并同意在对双方合适的时间安排回访。   欲查看原稿内容: https://www.state.gov/secretary-blinkens-visit-to-the-peoples-republic-of-china-prc/  本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

READOUT OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON JUNE 19, 2023 The following is attributable to Spokesperson Matthew Miller: Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken traveled to Beijing, the People’s Republic of China for meetings with President Xi Jinping, Director of the CCP Central Foreign Affairs Office Wang Yi, and State Councilor and Foreign Minister Qin Gang from June 18-19. The two sides had candid, substantive, and constructive discussions on key priorities in the bilateral relationship and on a range of global and regional issues.  The Secretary emphasized the importance of maintaining open channels of communication across the full range of issues to reduce the risk of miscalculation.  He made clear that while we will compete vigorously, the United States will responsibly manage that competition so that the relationship does not veer into conflict.  The Secretary stressed that the United States would continue to use diplomacy to raise areas of concern as well as areas of potential cooperation where our interests align. The two sides agreed to continue discussions on developing principles to guide the bilateral relationship, as discussed by President Biden and President Xi in Bali.  They also welcomed ongoing efforts to address specific issues in the bilateral relationship, and encouraged further progress, including through the joint Working Groups.  Noting the importance of ties between the people of the United States and the PRC, both sides welcomed strengthening people-to-people exchanges between students, scholars, and business.  This includes a commitment to working to increase the number of direct flights between the two countries. Secretary Blinken emphasized that it remains a priority for the United States to resolve the cases of American citizens who are wrongfully detained or subject to exit bans in China.  He underscored the importance of working together to disrupt the global flow of synthetic drugs and their precursor chemicals into the United States, which fuels the fentanyl crisis. The Secretary addressed the PRC’s unfair and nonmarket economic practices and recent actions against U.S. firms.  He discussed U.S. de-risking policies and the historic domestic investments the Administration has made.  The Secretary raised concerns about PRC human rights violations in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Hong Kong, as well as individual cases of concern.  He emphasized that the United States will always stand up for our values. The Secretary underscored the importance of maintaining peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait and reiterated there has been no change to the U.S. one China policy, based on the Taiwan Relations Act, the three Joint Communiques, and the Six Assurances. The two sides discussed a range of global and regional security issues, including Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, the DPRK’s provocative actions, and U.S. concerns with PRC intelligence activities in Cuba.  The Secretary made clear that the United States will work with its allies and partners to advance our vision for a world that is free, open, and upholds the rules-based international order. The two sides underscored that the United States and China should work together to address shared transnational challenges, such as climate change, global macroeconomic stability, food security, public health, and counter-narcotics.  The Secretary encouraged further interaction between our governments on these and other areas, which is what the world expects of us. Both sides agreed on follow-on senior engagements in Washington and Beijing to continue open lines of communication.  The Secretary invited State Councilor and Foreign Minister Qin to Washington to continue the discussions, and they agreed to schedule a reciprocal visit at a mutually suitable time.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区（Washington, D.C.） 2020年 6月 17日 媒体通告 7国集团外长关于香港的声明 以下声明的文本由美利坚合众国、加拿大、法国、德国、意大利、日本、英国各国政府和欧洲联盟高级代表发布。 文本开始： 我们，美国、加拿大、法国、德国、意大利、日本、英国各国外长和欧洲联盟高级代表强调，我们严重关注中国决定对香港强行施加国家安全法一事。 中国的决定不符合《香港基本法》（Hong Kong Basic Law）及其根据在联合国登记的具有法律约束力的《中英联合声明》（Sino-British Joint Declaration）之原则做出的国际承诺。拟议的国家安全法可严重破坏“一国两制”的原则和该领土的高度自治。此事将对促使香港多年繁荣和成功的体系造成危害。 与利益相关方进行开放的辩论、磋商并尊重香港受到保护的权利和自由至关重要。 我们还极为关注这项行动将使所有受到法治和现行独立司法体系保护的全体居民之基本权利和自由遭到破坏和威胁。 我们强烈敦促中国政府重新考虑这个决定。 文本结束

G7 Foreign Ministers’ Statement on Hong Kong 06/17/2020 02:31 PM EDT Office of the Spokesperson The text of the following statement was released by the Governments of the United States of America, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the High Representative of the European Union. Begin text: We, the Foreign Ministers of the United States, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the High Representative of the European Union underscore our grave concern regarding China’s decision to impose a national security law on Hong Kong. China’s decision is not in conformity with the Hong Kong Basic Law and its international commitments under the principles of the legally binding, UN-registered Sino-British Joint Declaration. The proposed national security law would risk seriously undermining the “One Country, Two Systems” principle and the territory’s high degree of autonomy. It would jeopardize the system which has allowed Hong Kong to flourish and made it a success over many years. Open debate, consultation with stakeholders, and respect for protected rights and freedoms in Hong Kong are essential. We are also extremely concerned that this action would curtail and threaten the fundamental rights and freedoms of all the population protected by the rule of law and the existence of an independent justice system. We strongly urge the Government of China to re-consider this decision. End text.

美国司法部 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区 2021年10月6日 华盛顿——一名中国公民被判犯有联邦洗钱罪，今天被判处38个月监禁和1年监督释放。  康俊涛（音译），25岁，来自中国杭州市，此前已在新泽西州（New Jersey）卡姆登（Camden）的美国地区法院（U.S. District Court）认罪，承认资助一个全国范围的团伙，将至少1500只受保护的龟类从美国走私到香港，价值超过225万美元。法院还指令康交付1万美元罚金，等同于他在美国所持有的总资产。  至少从2017年6月12日到2018年12月3日，康招募了一个偷猎者、货运人和中间人网络，非法获取并出口龟类。他通过包括新泽西一家银行在内的美国银行发送钱款，支付这些龟类及其运送费用。他安排在中国宠物市场非法出售这些龟类，每只售价数千美元。  康从未进入过美国，但美国的洗钱法规定有权管辖在境外通过美国金融系统发送超过1万美元用于助长特定非法活动的人，例如走私野生生物。  为推进美国将其暂时拘捕以便引渡的请求，马来西亚皇家警察（Royal Malaysia Police）于2019年1月23日在康前往吉隆坡（Kuala Lumpur）时逮捕了他。依据美国和马来西亚政府之间的引渡条约，康于2020年12月被引渡到美国在新泽西地区（District of New Jersey）接受庭审。  司法部环境和自然资源局（Environment and Natural Resources Division）的助理部长（Assistant Attorney General）托德·金（Todd Kim）表示：“司法部将严厉起诉为非法走私野生生物提供资金并从中牟利的人，即使他们是在国外从事这类活动的。”  美国鱼类及野生生物管理局执法办公室（U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Office of Law Enforcement）助理局长爱德华·格雷斯（Edward Grace）指出：“因其为美国的一个龟类走私团伙提供资金而引渡一名从未踏足美国国土的外国国民发出了一个重要信息：那些利用濒危野生生物牟利的人将被绳之以法。”他说：“这项调查显示出管理局执法办公室在同包括马来西亚政府在内的合作伙伴的密切协调下达及全球的力度，以及我们从源头到消费者遏制全球野生生物走私的决心。”  美国、马来西亚、中国以及其他大约181个国家都是《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》（Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora）的签署国。该公约是一项限制可能受到灭绝威胁的物种贸易的国际性条约。  康走私的五种龟都是受公约保护的物种。东部箱龟（Terrapene carolina carolina）、佛罗里达箱龟（Terrapene carolina bauri）和湾岸箱龟（Terrapene carolina major）是常见的箱龟（Terrapene carolina）的亚种，自1995年一直被列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》。星点水龟（Clemmys guttata）是一种半水生龟，于2013年被列入公约。木雕水龟（Glyptemys insculpta）自1992年以来一直受到公约的保护。这些龟类在亚洲市场每只平均价值在650美元到2500美元之间。拥有罕见纹路的母龟的售价曾高达2万美元。 康通过PayPal、信用卡或银行转账向美国发送款项，从在社交媒体或爬行动物交易网站上做广告的卖家手中购买龟类。这些卖家再向五个不同州的中间人运送龟类。这些中间人通常是持学生签证入境美国的中国公民。康向这些中间人付款，指令他们把这些龟类重新包装，贴上假标签并秘密运往香港。为了不引起海关的警觉，这些龟都被用胶带绑住或放在袜子中。康及其同伙都没有向美国或中国海关申报这些龟类，也没有获取必要的《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》许可证。  助理司法部长托德·金宣布了以上情况。  环境犯罪部门（Environmental Crimes Section）的出庭律师莱恩·康纳斯（Ryan Connors）和劳伦·斯蒂尔（Lauren Steele）代表政府。美国鱼类及野生生物管理局进行了这项调查。  司法部国际事务办公室（Office of International Affairs）、美国移民和海关执法局（U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement）国土安全调查马来西亚专员（Homeland Security Investigations Malaysia Attaché）、地区安全办公室（Regional Security Office）、外交安全局（Bureau of Diplomatic Security）、美国国务院（U.S. Department of State）以及美国驻吉隆坡大使馆领事处（Consular Section of the U.S. Embassy in Kuala Lumpur）、马来西亚总检察长办公室（Attorney General’s Chambers of Malaysia）和马来西亚皇家警察（Royal Malaysia Police）在支持引渡以及协同将康送交美国的过程中提供了宝贵的支持。

Department of Justice Wednesday, October 6, 2021 WASHINGTON – A Chinese citizen was sentenced today to 38 months in prison and one year of supervised release on a federal money laundering conviction. Kang Juntao, 25, of Hangzhou City, China, had previously pleaded guilty in U.S. District Court in Camden, New Jersey, to financing a nationwide ring of individuals who smuggled at least 1,500 protected turtles, valued at more than $2,250,000, from the United States to Hong Kong. The court also ordered Kang to pay a $10,000 fine, equaling the total assets he held in the United States. From at least June 12, 2017, to Dec. 3, 2018, Kang recruited a network of poachers, shippers and middlemen to illegally obtain and export turtles. He sent money through U.S. banks, including one in New Jersey, to pay for the turtles and their shipments. He arranged for the turtles to be sold illegally in the Chinese pet market for thousands of dollars each.  Kang had never entered the United States, but the U.S. money laundering statute provides jurisdiction when someone outside of the country passes more than $10,000 through the U.S. financial system to promote specified unlawful activities, such as smuggling wildlife. In furtherance of the United States’ request for provisional arrest with a view to extradition, the Royal Malaysia Police arrested Kang when he traveled to Kuala Lumpur on Jan. 23, 2019. Kang was extradited to the United States to stand trial in the District of New Jersey in December 2020 pursuant to the extradition treaty between the United States and Malaysian governments. “The Department of Justice will vigorously prosecute those who finance and profit from illegal wildlife trafficking, even if they do so from abroad,” said Assistant Attorney General Todd Kim of the Justice Department’s Environment and Natural Resources Division. “The extradition of a foreign national who had never set foot on American soil for financing a turtle-trafficking ring in the U.S. sends an important message: those who exploit imperiled wildlife for profit will be brought to justice,” said Assistant Director Edward Grace for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Office of Law Enforcement. “This investigation illustrates the global reach of the Service’s Office of Law Enforcement made possible by close coordination with partners, including the government of Malaysia, and our resolve to stop international wildlife trafficking from source to consumer.” The United States, Malaysia, China and approximately 181 other countries are signatories to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). CITES is an international treaty that restricts trade in species that may be threatened with extinction. Kang trafficked in five turtle species protected by the treaty. The eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina), the Florida box turtle (Terrapene carolina bauri) and the Gulf Coast box turtle (Terrapene carolina major) are subspecies of the common box turtle (Terrapene carolina) and have been listed in CITES since 1995. The spotted turtle (Clemmys guttata) is a semi-aquatic turtle listed in CITES as of 2013. The wood turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) has been protected under CITES since 1992. The turtles are worth on average between $650 to $2,500 each in the Asian market. Female turtles with rare markings have been sold for as much as $20,000. Kang sent money via PayPal, credit cards or bank transfers to the United States to purchase turtles from sellers advertising on social media or reptile trade websites. These suppliers then shipped the turtles to middlemen across five different states. The middlemen were typically Chinese citizens who entered the country on student visas. Kang paid and instructed these intermediaries to repackage the turtles in boxes with false labels for clandestine shipment to Hong Kong. The turtles were inhumanely bound with duct tape and placed in socks so as not to alert customs authorities. Neither Kang nor his associates declared the turtles to U.S. or Chinese customs or obtained the required CITES permits. Assistant Attorney General Todd Kim made the announcement. The government is represented by Trial Attorneys Ryan Connors and Lauren Steele of the Environmental Crimes Section. The USFWS conducted the investigation. The Justice Department’s Office of International Affairs, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s Homeland Security Investigations Malaysia Attaché, the Regional Security Office, Bureau of Diplomatic Security, U.S. Department of State, and the Consular Section of the U.S. Embassy in Kuala Lumpur, the Attorney General’s Chambers of Malaysia, and the Royal Malaysia Police provided invaluable assistance in supporting the extradition and coordinating the return of Kang to the United States. ###

美国驻华使团坚持美国多元与共融的基本价值观。

The U.S. Mission to China upholds the foundational American values of diversity and inclusion.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区 2021年12月9日 国务卿安东尼·布林肯在线上民主峰会领导人全体会议上的开场致辞 布林肯国务卿：总统先生，非常感谢你启动民主峰会（Summit for Democracy）并促使我们思考如何能够增强我们的民主以便应对在这个新世纪摆在我们面前的种种挑战。 正如总统谈到的，我们一直非常期待今天的讨论，讨论所产生的后续行动，以及民主体如何能更好地造福于我们的人民。而且正如总统所言以及我认为我们都知道的，我们的民主体正在全世界面临着日益严峻的挑战——既来自内部也来自外部。公民对政府的信任下降，民主机制受到威胁——近年来我们已经看到了一种民主衰退。而且这些都是不容轻视的挑战。我们有很多工作要做。 但这正是我们今天集会的原因。在我们每个国家都面临切实挑战的同时，我们还知道民主依然是应对这些挑战并增进人类尊严的最有效的途径。从与公民社会接触到增强民主机制的改革，我们今天有一个巨大的机遇，可以相互学习对方的经验。而这正是促成这次集会的理念之一。 现在我们将开始一次闭门会议。我想恭请我们的媒体朋友离席，以便我们开始这次会议。 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。 欲查看原稿内容:  https://www.state.gov/secretary-antony-j-blinken-opening-remarks-at-the-virtual-summit-for-democracy-leaders-plenary-session/

REMARKS ANTONY J. BLINKEN, SECRETARY OF STATE WASHINGTON, D.C. DECEMBER 9, 2021 SECRETARY BLINKEN:  Mr. President, thank you so much for kicking off the Summit for Democracy and pushing us to consider how we can strengthen our democracies to meet the challenges before us in this new century. As the President mentioned, we’ve been very much looking forward to today’s discussion, the work that’s going to follow from it, on how democracies can deliver better for our people.  And as the President said and as I think we all know, our democracies are facing growing challenges around the world – from within and from without.  Decreasing citizen trust in government, threats to democratic institutions – we’ve seen a democratic recession in recent years.  And these are not challenges to be taken lightly.  We have a lot of work to do. But that’s exactly why we’re here today.  While each one of our countries faces real challenges, we also know that democracy remains the most effective way to tackle those challenges and to advance human dignity.  From engagements with civil society to reforms to strengthen democratic institutions, we have an immense opportunity today to learn from each other’s experiences.  And that’s really one of the driving ideas behind this gathering. So we will now begin a closed-door session.  I’d respectfully request our friends from the media to leave the room as we get started on that.

美国东部夏令时间 2022年7月5日 上午8:20 美国国务院发言人内德·普赖斯 国务卿安东尼·J·布林肯将于2022年7月6日至11日访问印度尼西亚巴厘岛和泰国曼谷。 布林肯国务卿将首先前往印度尼西亚巴厘岛参加二十国集团（G20）外长会议，他将在会上加强我们与国际伙伴共同努力直面全球挑战的承诺，这些挑战包括粮食和能源安全危机以及俄罗斯对乌克兰的持续战争对国际秩序构成的威胁。除参加与G20相关的活动外，布林肯国务卿还将与印度尼西亚外交部长蕾特诺·马尔苏迪（Retno Marsudi）举行双边会晤。其他双边接触方面，布林肯国务卿还将在G20会议间隙与中华人民共和国国务委员兼外交部长王毅举行会晤。 在泰国曼谷，布林肯国务卿将与泰国总理巴育·詹欧差（Prayut Chan-o-cha）以及泰国副总理兼外长敦·帕马威奈（Don Pramudwinai）举行会晤。他期待讨论一系列问题，其中包括：在美国担任2023年亚太经济合作组织（APEC）会议主办国期间巩固泰国2022年APEC议程的成功、扩大卫生与气候合作，以及着手解决缅甸危机。他还将与美国交流项目的学友会面，参观泰国疾病控制部的紧急行动中心，并参观一家人口贩运受害者庇护所暨福利中心。美国-泰国联盟对于推进拜登总统的印太战略，从而建立一个自由开放、互联、繁荣、安全和有韧性的地区至关重要。

PRESS STATEMENT NED PRICE, DEPARTMENT SPOKESPERSON JULY 5, 2022 Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken will travel to the Bali, Indonesia, and Bangkok, Thailand, July 6-11, 2022. Secretary Blinken will first travel to Bali, Indonesia, to attend the G20 Foreign Ministers’ Meeting, where he will reinforce our commitment to working with international partners to confront global challenges, including food and energy insecurity and the threat Russia’s continued war against Ukraine presents to the international order. In addition to attending G20-related engagements, the Secretary will hold a bilateral meeting with Indonesian Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi.  Among other bilateral engagements, Secretary Blinken will also meet with the People’s Republic of China (PRC) State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi on the margins of the G20. In Bangkok, Thailand, Secretary Blinken will meet with Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha and Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Don Pramudwinai. He looks forward to discussing a range of issues, including building on the successes of Thailand’s APEC 2022 agenda during our 2023 APEC host year, expanding health and climate cooperation, and addressing the crisis in Burma.  He will also meet with alumni of U.S. exchange programs, tour the Thai Department of Disease Control’s Emergency Operations Center, and visit a shelter and welfare center for victims of human trafficking.  The U.S-Thai Alliance is essential for advancing the President’s Indo-Pacific Strategy for a free and open, connected, prosperous, secure, and resilient region.

白宫 华盛顿特区 2022年9月29日   简报：拜登总统发布有史以来首项太平洋伙伴关系战略   点击阅读战略全文（英文）   “美国是一个自豪的太平洋强国。我们将继续在该地区做一个积极参与的合作伙伴。” 约瑟夫·拜登总统   “太平洋诸岛的历史和未来与美国密不可分。” 卡玛拉·哈里斯副总统   太平洋岛屿地区——一个占地球表面近15%的“海洋大陆”——是印太地区（Indo-Pacific）的一个至关重要的次区域。它具有机遇和挑战，从气候危机直至一个日趋复杂的地缘政治格局。美国认识到地理因素将太平洋地区的未来与我们自己的未来联系在一起：美国的繁荣和安全取决于太平洋地区保持自由和开放。   为此，拜登–哈里斯政府正在将与太平洋诸岛更广泛及更深入的接触作为其对外政策的一项要务。这项国家战略是美国政府有史以来首项致力于太平洋诸岛的战略，体现并推进了这一承诺。它支持美国的印太战略（Indo-Pacific Strategy），并与太平洋诸岛论坛（Pacific Island Forum） 2050 年战略（2050 Strategy）的目标保持一致。   作为其太平洋战略的一部分，美国将力争实现四个目标：   一、牢固的美国—太平洋诸岛伙伴关系   我们参与太平洋诸岛事务的基础必须是美国与太平洋诸岛之间的牢固联系，无论是个体联系还是集体联系。我们将：     o成功完成与帕劳共和国、马绍尔群岛共和国和密克罗尼西亚联邦的自由联系邦契约（Compacts of Free Association）谈判 o成功完成2023 年及其后的《南太平洋金枪鱼条约附件》（South Pacific Tuna Treaty Annex）修正案以及相关的《经济援助协定》（Economic Assistance Agreement）的谈判     o将美国驻太平洋地区的外交使团从六个扩大到九个 o在太平洋地区部署更多人员 o在斐济重新确立美国国际发展署（USAID）使命   二、一个与世界联通的团结一致的太平洋诸岛地区   以太平洋诸岛论坛为核心，团结一致的太平洋诸岛地区更加强大。太平洋诸岛论坛为太平洋诸岛提供了一个平台，能以共同的声音来推动太平洋地区的重点要务并使其他合作伙伴参与，其中包括美国——该组织的一个自豪的对话伙伴（Dialogue Partner）。我们将根据太平洋地区合作、透明和问责的原则与其他国家进行协调。我们将：     o任命有史以来首位美国驻太平洋诸岛论坛特使 o鼓励与现有多边组织的联通，其中包括东南亚国家联盟（Association of Southeast Asian Nations）和四方伙伴关系（Quad） o支持其他区域性组织     o加强蓝色太平洋伙伴（Partners in the Blue Pacific），这是澳大利亚、加拿大、日本、新西兰和英国之间的一项行动计划，旨在更好地满足太平洋地区人民的需求   三、一个为应对气候危机以及21 世纪的其他挑战做好准备的健强的太平洋岛屿地区   太平洋诸岛地区面临着艰巨的、日益严峻的挑战。这些挑战中首当其冲的是气候危机，它对许多太平洋岛屿的生存构成了威胁。美国致力于保持其在应对气候危机方面的全球领导作用，同时与太平洋诸岛合作适应和管理气候变化对生命、健康和生计的影响。该地区还面临着对安全和主权的挑战，包括在海事领域内。拜登–哈里斯政府将与太平洋地区政府和人民合作，以确保他们享有促进自身利益的自主权及安全。我们支持太平洋诸岛防范腐败并保护太平洋岛民的尊严。我们将：     o通过总统的适应力和复原力紧急计划（President’s Emergency Plan for Adaptation and Resilience），努力提高适应能力并增强太平洋诸岛对气候变化的破坏性影响的抗御力 o与合作伙伴和国际机构合作，以改善太平洋岛国从多种来源获得适应力融资的渠道 o在该地区推进行动并支持对减缓气候变化的投资     o增强美国海岸警卫队（United States Coast Guard）、国家海洋和大气管理局（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration）以及国防部（Department of Defense）的存在 o与志同道合的伙伴和公民社会协调安全合作及培训 o发展可持续的、具有气候抗御力的“蓝色”经济，以便可持续地管理专属经济区（Exclusive Economic Zones），其中包括渔场和保护区，并与其他伙伴协调安全合作和培训     o建设太平洋岛屿的政府、私营部门、媒体、学术界和公民社会的利益相关者的能力   四、享有权能的、繁荣发展的岛民   为了使太平洋地区能够充分利用21世纪的机遇，美国致力于增加与太平洋诸岛的贸易和投资，其中包括通过全球基础设施和投资伙伴关系（Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment）；扩大人与人之间的联系，其中包括通过和平队（Peace Corps）；增加英语项目设置以及整体专业发展；加强太平洋地区的卫生架构；并为太平洋岛民提供教育和发展机会，特别着重于妇女和青少年。     o与合作伙伴就海底电缆的实施和升级以及其他联通方案进行合作 o与太平洋岛屿领导人合作，调动私营部门解决方案来推动该地区的战略项目和商务优先事项。     o努力满足该地区对新冠疫苗接种的需求，使太平洋诸岛度过新冠疫情的紧急阶段 o加强区域卫生安全，为今后防范疫情做好准备     o通过学生和专业交流、强化教纲以及在美国开设太平洋研究（Pacific Studies）项目，提供更好的教育体验 o通过领导力发展机会来为太平洋地区的青少年赋能 o今年让和平队志愿者返回斐济、汤加、萨摩亚和瓦努阿图，并积极探索在其他国家启动使命的方案   欲查看原稿内容: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/09/29/fact-sheet-president-biden-unveils-first-ever-pacific-partnership-strategy/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

SEPTEMBER 29, 2022•STATEMENTS AND RELEASES Read the full strategy here “The United States is a proud Pacific power.  We will continue to be an active, engaged partner in the region.” President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. “The history and the future of the Pacific Islands and the United States are inextricably linked.” Vice President Kamala Harris The Pacific Islands region – an “ocean continent” spanning nearly 15 percent of the Earth’s surface – is a vital sub-region of the Indo-Pacific. It holds opportunities and challenges, from the climate crisis to an increasingly complex geopolitical landscape. The United States recognizes that geography links the Pacific’s future to our own: U.S. prosperity and security depend on the Pacific region remaining free and open. To that end, the Biden-Harris Administration is elevating broader and deeper engagement with the Pacific Islands as a priority of its foreign policy. This national strategy, the first-ever from the U.S. government dedicated to the Pacific Islands, both reflects and advances that commitment. It supports the Indo-Pacific Strategy of the United States and is aligned with the goals of the Pacific Island Forum’s 2050 Strategy. As part of its Pacific strategy, the United States will pursue four objectives: I. A STRONG U.S.-PACIFIC ISLANDS PARTNERSHIP The foundation of our engagement in the Pacific Islands must be strong ties between the United States and the Pacific Islands, individually and collectively. We will: II. A UNITED PACIFIC ISLANDS REGION CONNECTED WITH THE WORLD The Pacific Islands region is stronger united, with the Pacific Islands Forum at its core.  The Pacific Islands Forum provides a platform for Pacific Islands to speak with a common voice to drive Pacific priorities and engage other partners, including the United States ‑ a proud Dialogue Partner of the organization.  We will coordinate with other nations and do so according to principles of Pacific regional cooperation, transparency, and accountability. We will: III. A RESILIENT PACIFIC ISLAND REGION PREPARED FOR THE CLIMATE CRISIS AND OTHER 21ST CENTURY CHALLENGES The Pacific Islands region faces daunting and mounting challenges.  Chief among these challenges is the climate crisis, an existential threat to many Pacific Islands.  The United States is committed to maintaining its global leadership in combatting the climate crisis, while partnering with the Pacific Islands in adapting to and managing the impacts of climate change on lives, health, and livelihoods.  The region also faces challenges to security and sovereignty, including in the maritime domain.  The Biden-Harris Administration will work in partnership with Pacific governments and people to ensure they have the autonomy and security to advance their own interests.  We support the Pacific Islands as they guard against corruption and protect the dignity of Pacific Islanders. We will: IV. EMPOWERED AND PROSPEROUS ISLANDERS To fully empower the Pacific to capitalize on the opportunities of the 21st century, the United States is committed to increasing trade and investment with the Pacific Islands, including through the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment; expanding people-to-people ties, including through the Peace Corps; increasing English-language programming and overall professional advancement; bolstering health architecture in the Pacific; and providing educational and development opportunities for Pacific Islanders, with a particular focus on women and youth. ###

美国贸易代表办公室供立即发布2019年五月10日美国贸易代表罗伯特•莱特海泽关于301条款行动的声明华盛顿，D.C. — 美国贸易代表罗伯特•莱特海泽今天发布了以下关于1974年贸易法301条款额外行动的声明：“今天早些时候，在总统的指示下，美国针对约价值2000亿的中国进口将关税自10%提高至25%。总统也指示我们开始对其他来自中国的进口提高关税的程序，其价值约3000亿。”公众通知和评论的程序将在不久之后公布于联邦公报。细节将于周一公布在美国贸易代表办公室网站上，届时我们将开始就这些关税做出最后决定前的程序。

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASEMay 10, 2019Statement By U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer on Section 301 ActionWashington, DC – U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer today released the following statement regarding additional action under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974:“Earlier today, at the direction of the President, the United States increased the level of tariffs from 10 percent to 25 percent on approximately $200 billion worth of Chinese imports. The President also ordered us to begin the process of raising tariffs on essentially all remaining imports from China, which are valued at approximately $300 billion.”The process for public notice and comment will be published shortly in the Federal Register. The details will be on the USTR website on Monday as we begin the process prior to a final decision on these tariffs.

2022年6月10日 今天，国防部长劳埃德·奥斯汀与中华人民共和国国防部长魏凤和上将利用在新加坡出席香格里拉对话的间隙举行了会晤。奥斯汀部长和魏凤和上将讨论了美中防务关系和地区安全问题。 奥斯汀部长谈到了负责任地管控竞争和保持沟通渠道畅通的必要性。奥斯汀部长强调了中国人民解放军参与旨在改善危机沟通和减少战略风险的实质性对话的重要性。 奥斯汀部长讨论了全球和地区安全事务，包括朝鲜民主主义人民共和国问题， 以及俄罗斯对乌克兰的无端入侵。部长对魏上将重申，美国依然致力于我们在在台湾关系法、美中三个联合公报以及六项保证指导下长期奉行的一个中国政策。部长重申台海和平与稳定的重要性，反对单方面改变现状，并呼吁中华人民共和国不要对台湾采取进一步破坏稳定的行动。 https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/3058807/secretary-austins-meeting-with-peoples-republic-of-china-prc-minister-of-nation/

JUNE 10, 2022 Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III met today with the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) Minister of National Defense General Wei Fenghe on the margins of the Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore. Secretary Austin and General Wei discussed U.S.-PRC defense relations and regional security issues.  Secretary Austin discussed the need to responsibly manage competition and maintain open lines of communication. The Secretary underscored the importance of the People’s Liberation Army engaging in substantive dialogue on improving crisis communications and reducing strategic risk.  Secretary Austin discussed global and regional security issues, including the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and Russia’s unprovoked invasion of Ukraine. The Secretary reiterated to General Wei that the United States remains committed to our longstanding one China policy, which is guided by the Taiwan Relations Act, the Three U.S.-China Joint Communiques, and the Six Assurances. The Secretary reaffirmed the importance of peace and stability across the Strait, opposition to unilateral changes to the status quo, and called on the PRC to refrain from further destabilizing actions toward Taiwan.  https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/3058807/secretary-austins-meeting-with-peoples-republic-of-china-prc-minister-of-nation/

Whitehouse Image 2019年7月20日 在太空探索日，我们惊叹于我们国家在太空中的成就，纪念第一次登月50周年，并宣誓开启一个发现和探索我们的宇宙的新时代。 半个多世纪以来，美国一直将人类的探索引向伟大的未知世界。我们美国的故事中没有几个时刻比阿波罗11号任务更令人骄傲，1969年7月20日，当时尼尔·阿姆斯特朗和巴兹·奥尔德林一起将我们美丽的旗帜插入月球表面。那些在“壮丽的荒凉”上迈出的第一步代表了一个美国创新的非凡时代 ，它激励着后代成为科学家和工程师，并成为21世纪技术革命的催化剂。阿波罗11号登月是美国技术实力和太空领导力的一次壮观的展示，它是美国人心、勇气和决心在面对难以置信的挑战时所能达成的持久典范。 为了纪念那些前辈并为了全人类更好的明天，我们宣誓开启一个新的探索时代，将我们的开拓精神扩展到宇宙最远的地方。我的这届行政当局致力于重新确立我们国家未来几个世纪在太空的主导和领导地位。我已经指示美国国家航空航天局（NASA）将下一名男性和第一名女性送到月球，并将迈出下一个一大步——将美国人送到火星。从我们的地球到月球，再到火星表面的持续探索，将迎来美国独创性的新时代，吸引无数人进入科学、技术、工程、数学和国防领域。 在这个太空探索日，我们庆祝我们的巨大技术进步，向我们在对探索的追求中失去的那些人表示敬意，并拥抱激励我们的国家在太空领域引领世界的美国精神。

Presidential Message on Space Exploration Day, 2019 July 20, 2019 On Space Exploration Day, we marvel at our country’s accomplishments in space, commemorate the 50th anniversary of the first lunar landing, and pledge to launch a new era of discovery and exploration of our universe. For more than a half century, the United States has led humanity’s quest into the great unknown.  Few moments in our American story spark more pride than the Apollo 11 mission, when Neil Armstrong, alongside Buzz Aldrin, planted our beautiful flag into the Moon’s surface on July 20, 1969.  Those first steps upon that “magnificent desolation” represent a remarkable era in American innovation that has inspired future generations to become scientists and engineers and has served as a catalyst for the technological revolution of the 21st century.  The Apollo 11 lunar landing was a spectacular demonstration of American technical prowess and space leadership, and it served as an enduring example of what can be accomplished, in the face of incredible odds, by American heart, courage, and grit. To honor those who have come before us and for the future betterment of all humankind, we pledge to launch a new era of exploration, extending our pioneering spirit into the farthest reaches of the cosmos.  My Administration is committed to reestablishing our Nation’s dominance and leadership in space for centuries to come.  I have instructed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to send the next man and first woman to the Moon and to take the next giant leap—sending Americans to Mars.  Sustained exploration that extends from our Earth to the Moon and on to the Martian surface will usher in a new era of American ingenuity, drawing untold individuals into the fields of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and defense. On this Space Exploration Day, we celebrate our tremendous technological advancements, honor those we have lost in the pursuit of discovery, and embrace the American Spirit that has inspired our Nation to lead the world in space.

020年8月7日美国东部夏令时间下午6:54 发言人办公室 以下来自发言人摩根·奥特葛斯： 迈克尔·R·蓬佩奧国务卿今天与澳大利亚、巴西、印度、以色列和大韩民国的外长进行了通话。蓬佩奧国务卿与其对应官员讨论了持续密切协调应对COVID-19大流行的重要性。他们指出了密切合作对于重启我们的经济和抵制虚假信息的重要性，同时谈到了需要为防止今后的大流行而共同努力。

READOUT OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON AUGUST 7, 2020 The following is attributable to Spokesperson Morgan Ortagus: Secretary of State Michael R. Pompeo spoke today with the Foreign Ministers of Australia, Brazil, India, Israel, and the Republic of Korea.  Secretary Pompeo and his counterparts discussed the importance of continued close coordination in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.  They noted the importance of close cooperation to reopen our economies and counter disinformation, while also addressing the need for concerted efforts to prevent future pandemics.

阿扎尔（Azar）：……根据已发布的公告，为了提高我们积极主动地检测和控制冠状病毒的能力，从美国东部标准时间（Eastern Standard Time）2月2日星期天下午 5时起，美国政府将采取一些临时措施。任何返回美国的美国公民如在过去14天内曾前往湖北省，需接受最长14天的强制检疫隔离，保证他们能获得适当的医疗护理和健康筛检。需要明确的是，这项措施仅适用于抵达美国前14天内曾前往湖北省的美国公民。 任何返回美国的美国公民如在抵达前14天内曾前往中国大陆其他地区，需在指定的几个入境口岸主动接受入境健康筛检，并且在受监护的情况下自我隔离最长14天，保证他们未感染病毒，不会危害公众健康。 此外，总统已根据《移民和国籍法》（Immigration and Nationality Act）第212F款的授权签署总统公告，暂停有传播2019新型冠状病毒危险的外国人入境美国。 因此，除美国公民和永久居民的直系亲属以外，在过去14天内曾前往中国旅行的外国公民目前将被拒绝入境美国。 再重复一遍，上述措施将于美国东部标准时间2月2日星期日下午5时生效。这些慎重并有针对性的临时措施将减轻公共卫生官员筛检来访旅客的压力，加快美国公民和永久居民从中国返回美国的程序，并确保资源集中用于保障美国人民的健康和安全。 我想强调的是，现在美国人受感染的危险仍然不高。通过上述措施和我们以前采取的行动，我们正努力保持目前的低危状态。所有的机构都在积极努力地监测目前不断变化的局势，并随时以透明的方式向公众通报情况。美国对中国付出的努力及其与全球各地公共卫生官员进行的协调表示赞赏，同时继续鼓励保持最高程度的透明度。 … 比冈（BIEGUN）：中国有优秀的医疗体系，但在部分地区已不堪重负，而且在中国政府自己处理这种病毒造成的影响期间，无论出于何种原因，包括潜在的感染以及其他任何需要医疗护理的事件，人们获得医疗资源的机会都可能会打折扣。 … 我们的第二个责任是在受影响的地区尽可能地协助美国公民。因为我们在当地有派驻人员，我们可以提供建议，而且在某些情况下，我们还可以做出其他安排。但我想要强调的是，在尽可能的情况下。我们将继续审议在某些情况下我们可以做些什么。 … 库奇内利（CUCCINELLI）: …我们将集中在几个机场采取措施，按照海关和边境保护局的授权进行，涉及7个机场。所以，从美国东部标准时间星期天下午5时开始，从中国入境的航班都将分别导入约翰·肯尼迪机场（JFK）、芝加哥（Chicago）奥黑尔机场（O’Hare）、旧金山（San Francisco）、西雅图（Seattle）、亚特兰大（Atlanta）、檀香山（ Honolulu）和洛杉矶机场（LAX）等7个机场。上述工作按照美国海关和边境保护局（CBP）的授权进行，由国土安全部（Department of Homeland Security）部长根据总统的公告执行，从而支持上述行动。再重复一遍，由此我们可以集中发挥医疗专业人士的专长执行筛检工作。 …  阿扎尔: 多谢诸位。再重复一遍，我只想强调，我们正在做的正是我们可以做的首要工作，即为中国政府提供帮助，与他们和世界卫生组织（World Health Organization）尽可能地密切合作，协助他们控制新型冠状病毒在中国的传播。 其次，美国人面临的危险不高。你们有一个团队在这里。你们有经验丰富的、第一流的、全世界首屈一指的公共卫生护理系统的基础设施和专业人员守护着你们。基于这样的判断，同时随着他们相应取得深入的了解，可努力避免你们担心的问题出现，保持这方面的低危状态。所以，十分感谢诸位。

SECRETARY AZAR:  … *           *           * * In accordance with the declaration, beginning at 5:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time; Sunday, February the 2nd, the United States government will implement temporary measures to increase our abilities to detect and contain the coronavirus proactively and aggressively.  Any U.S. citizen returning to the United States who has been in Hubei Province in the previous 14 days will be subject to up to 14 days of mandatory quarantine to ensure they are provided proper medical care and health screening. To be clear, this applies only to U.S. citizens who have been in Hubei Province in the past 14 days prior to their attempted entry into the United States. Any U.S. citizen returning to the United States who has been in the rest of Mainland China within the previous 14 days will undergo proactive entry health screening at a select number of ports of entry and up to 14 days of monitored self-quarantine to ensure they’ve not contracted the virus and do not pose a public health risk. Additionally, the President has signed a presidential proclamation, using his authority pursuant to Section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, temporarily suspending the entry into the United States of foreign nationals who pose a risk of transmitting the 2019 novel coronavirus. As a result, foreign nationals, other than immediate family of U.S. citizens and permanent residents, who have traveled in China within the last 14 days will be denied entry into the United States for this time. Once again, these actions will become effective at 5:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time; Sunday, February 2nd.  These prudent, targeted, and temporary actions will decrease the pressure on public health officials screening incoming travelers, expedite the processing of U.S. citizens and permanent residents returning from China, and ensure resources are focused on the health and safety of the American people. I want to stress: The risk of infection for Americans remains low.  And with these and our previous actions, we are working to keep the risk low.  All agencies are working aggressively to monitor this continually evolving situation and to keep the public informed in a constantly transparent way. The United States appreciates China’s efforts and coordination with public health officials across the globe, and continues to encourage the highest levels of transparency. *           *           * * DEPUTY SECRETARY BEIGUN:  … China has an excellent healthcare system, but, in parts of the country, it is simply overwhelmed and the accessibility to that healthcare for any reason — including potential infection, but also any other type of accident in need of medical care — may be compromised during the Chinese government’s own treatment of the consequences of this virus. *           *           * * Our second responsibility is to assist U.S. citizens in the affected areas as much as possible.  Because we have a presence on the ground, we can provide advice and, in some cases, we can make other arrangements.  But I want to emphasize this is “as possible,” and we will continue to review what we can do in certain circumstances. *           *           * * ACTING DEPUTY SECRETARY CUCCINELLI:  … We will be implementing a funneling effort at the airports.  This is done under the authority of the Customs and Border Protection, and it will include seven airports.  So starting five o’clock on Sunday, Eastern Time, incoming flights from China will be funneled through seven airports.  Those airports are JFK, Chicago’s O’Hare, in San Francisco, Seattle, Atlanta, Honolulu, and LAX. This is done under CBP’s authority.  It will be executed by the Secretary the Department of Homeland Security, consistent with the President’s proclamation and in support of that effort — again, so we can focus the expertise of the medical professionals that will do the screening to implement this. *           *           * * SECRETARY AZAR:  Thank you all very much.  And again, I just want to stress: First, the most important thing that we can be doing is what we are doing, which is offering to help the Chinese government and assist them in helping them to control the spread of the novel coronavirus in China — working with them as closely as possible, as well as with the World Health Organization. Second, the risk to Americans is low.  You have a team here.  You have an experienced, first-class — the world’s best public healthcare system, infrastructure, and professionals looking out for you, making judgments like this, scaling them up, as appropriate, to work to keep this from becoming an issue that would be of concern for you — to keep that risk low. So thank you all very much.

湄公河-美国伙伴关系1.5轨政策对话开幕全体会议上的讲话 2021年3月19日 美国东部夏令时间 下午12:20 克夏（Atul Keshap）大使，首席副助理国务卿 东亚和太平洋事务局 点击此处阅读英文版全文：https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/remarks-at-the-mekong-u-s-partnership-track-1-5-policy-dialogue-opening-plenary/

Remarks at the Mekong-U.S. Partnership Track 1.5 Policy Dialogue Opening Plenary Ambassador Atul Keshap, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs As Prepared It is an honor to speak at this event, the first in this important Dialogue series, where we hear from voices in the region about strengthening transparent, responsive governance. Gatherings like this exemplify President Biden’s view that we can only meet today’s accelerating global challenges by working together. It is also my pleasure to be among the first Biden administration officials to talk about the Mekong region’s importance to the United States. In one of his first public speeches, Secretary of State Blinken committed the United States to deepening our partnerships, modernizing our relationships, and developing common responses to shared threats, such as climate change and COVID-19. This work runs through the Mekong region and is integral to our support for the Indo-Pacific and ASEAN unity and prosperity. Our focus is on helping our Mekong partners strengthen good governance, economic independence, and sustainable development by promoting a transparent, rules-based approach to transboundary challenges. This approach is evident in our response to the military coup in Burma and our calls on the Burmese military to restore the democratically elected government, release all those who have been unjustly detained, lift the restrictions on telecommunications, and refrain from violence. We believe ASEAN can play an important role in bringing an end to this crisis. The Indo-Pacific, and particularly Southeast Asia, is dynamic, and enhancing the United States’ economic ties with this region is a Biden administration priority. Over 3.5 million Americans are immigrants or descendants of immigrants from Mekong-region countries, and over 1,000 U.S. companies are active in the Mekong region. We advance our partnership with Mekong-region countries with America’s working families in mind and with the belief that we can all share in greater prosperity. As many of you know, the United States, foreign ministers from the Mekong region, and the ASEAN Secretary-General launched the Mekong-U.S. Partnership last September. Since then, we have made exciting progress. I look forward to telling you about it today. The Mekong-U.S. Partnership puts coordination with Mekong governments and like-minded partners front and center. We are working with the Mekong River Commission to improve river governance and water data sharing. We are harnessing technology with the Republic of Korea to enhance flood and drought forecasting. We are investing in regional energy connectivity and renewable energy deployment through the Japan-U.S.-Mekong Power Partnership. We are fighting cross-border trafficking in coordination with Mekong governments and Australia. We are exploring Mekong infrastructure coordination with India and looking to harness the combined efforts of the Quad. We are also strengthening the Friends of the Mekong—a group of 17 countries and institutions committed to a free and open Mekong region. I am proud that India, the Mekong River Commission, and ASEAN Chair Brunei joined our last Friends meeting in January. Much of what we do in the Mekong builds on the efforts of local governments. For example, Vietnam continued the work of previous ASEAN Chairs by raising the profile of the Mekong region in 2020. ASEAN should go further and develop a common position on Mekong issues, because what happens in the Mekong has implications for ASEAN unity and centrality. At its core, the Mekong-U.S. Partnership aims to strengthen the foundations of stability and prosperity, including good governance, transparency, economic connectivity, human capital, and health and security. Let me explain how. Few challenges to a stable and prosperous future are more urgent than climate change. Burma, Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam were all ranked in the top 20 countries most impacted by climate change in the last 20 years in the Global Climate Risk Index. Reuters recently reported that fishermen on Cambodia’s Tonle Sap Lake were seeing daily catches as small as one kilogram, a fraction of the traditional amount. Lives and livelihoods are literally at stake. The Biden administration rejoined the Paris Agreement and has made climate considerations an essential element of our foreign policy and national security. Climate and the environment will be a theme throughout this dialogue series and for the Mekong-U.S. Partnership going forward. The Mekong-U.S. Partnership will continue to promote economic connectivity, especially east-west infrastructure. The Biden administration supports the BUILD Act that established the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation. We have increased the number of DFC representatives in the Mekong region as we continue to improve our public-private cooperation and help to develop high quality, sustainable infrastructure projects, especially in clean energy. The work of the Japan-U.S.-Mekong Power Partnership to enhance opportunities for regional power trade is also key to these efforts. The Chief Operating Officer of the U.S. Development Finance Corporation recently stressed our commitment to the development of ASEAN and the Mekong region in a meeting with ASEAN Ambassadors. Coordination with partners like Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Australia will make DFC’s investments more efficient and impactful. Our U.S.-ASEAN Digital Economy Series is also helping foster economic connectivity in the region with projects such as the Digital Integration Framework Action Plan, and support for financial inclusion through the E-Payments Readiness Index. The Partnership is also ensuring stability by expanding our work on non-traditional security. This includes our efforts to fight COVID and prevent the next outbreak. President Biden recently announced an initial $2 billion contribution to Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance for the COVAX Advance Market Commitment to support access to safe and effective vaccines for 92 low- and middle-income economies. These vaccines are already arriving in the Mekong. The United States plans to provide additional contributions totaling $2 billion in 2021 and 2022. The United States is now the single largest contributor to the international response to COVID-19. Under the Mekong-U.S. Partnership, we will also advance health security to save lives, promote economic recovery, and build better resilience against future zoonotic diseases and other biological threats. We are helping Mekong-region governments address the growing challenge of transnational crime, including the trafficking in narcotics, wildlife, timber, and persons. Authorities in Thailand and Laos have made significant drug seizures in recent weeks with U.S. assistance. We will continue to strengthen the capacity of Mekong-region countries to stop cross-border crime in coordination with Mekong law-enforcement partners and Australia. The Mekong-U.S. Partnership is also building human capital and helping our citizens share best practices. This year we will celebrate the tenth anniversary of our work with Singapore, through the Third Country Training Program, to train hundreds of Southeast Asian officials on a range of issues, from cybersecurity to preventing the spread of infectious disease to intellectual property protection. In addition, six cities in the Mekong region are part of the U.S.-ASEAN Smart Cities Partnership. For example, Ho Chi Minh City and San Francisco, and Vientiane and Hillsboro, Oregon, are some of the partner cities exchanging expertise and technology on smart water management. Phnom Penh and Boston are jointly enhancing policy, planning, and technology for smart transportation solutions. The Mekong-U.S. Partnership is also strengthening the knowledge, skills, and transparency vital to good governance and community engagement. We believe that regional stability is built on mutual trust between people and their governments through respect for human rights, effective civil society, and rule of law. Water data sharing, for example, helps to ensure accountability and provides the basis for informed decision making. We are working with our partners in the Friends of the Mekong group to strengthen natural resource management through the Mekong Water Data Initiative (MWDI) , which helps Mekong-region countries and the Mekong River Commission improve transboundary management of the Mekong River. In just the past few hours, we’ve seen the power of data transparency. On March 16th, the Mekong Dam Monitor alerted local communities in Thailand and Laos of an impending 1.3 meter drop in river levels due to restrictions by the Jinghong dam in China’s Yunnan province. That dramatic change in water levels hit these communities today – only with advanced warning can they protect their livelihoods. The calls of Mekong governments, citizens, and the Mekong River Commission make clear that the PRC is not responding adequately to downstream concerns. Beijing should provide the accurate, timely, and essential data that Mekong-region countries are calling for, and should consult with its neighbors on PRC dam operations that so severely impact water quantity and quality downstream. The United States will continue to shine a light on these and other activities that undermine the autonomy and stability of Mekong states. The region has a right to know about predatory lending, weapons smuggling, trafficking of precursor chemicals that fuel the illicit drug trade in the Golden Triangle, and special economic zones with worrying links to crime and trafficking. Friends, as you can see, the Mekong-U.S. Partnership is busy. It’s busy because there’s much work to be done, but also because of the dynamism and opportunity in this region. Let me close by briefly introducing a few individuals the Mekong-U.S. Partnership will be saluting over the next few months. They are Mekong heroes—citizens working every day to improve the environment and lives of the people in the region. First, there’s Ma Sokhak, who is working with USAID’s Wonders of the Mekong, which promotes a healthy Mekong River, to organize his community to stop illegal fishing in his home village in Cambodia. Committed to protecting fish stocks for future generations, he is a hero of the Mekong. In Thailand, Dr. Supaporn Wacharapluesadee worked closely with U.S. scientists and USAID to lead the team that identified human-to-human transmission of COVID-19 in the country. She is a hero of the Mekong. Ngoc Tuyet, a chemical engineer from Vietnam, worked with Arizona State University to create innovative products like a safe pesticide sprayer and a clothes dryer for the rainy season in the Mekong. She also invented a natural product to treat symptoms of diabetes. Tuyet, her inventions, and her entrepreneurship are now contributing to the Mekong’s prosperity. She, too, is a Mekong hero. There are many Mekong heroes. We are proud of the role the Mekong-U.S. Partnership plays in supporting them. They demonstrate that our work is most effective and most enduring when we connect our citizens and demonstrate how our efforts benefit all of our societies. Thank you again for the opportunity to kick off this important event and to address such a distinguished audience.

[摘译] 美国在全球应对COVID-19大流行中支持民主、善治和人权 2020年7月20日 东部夏令时上午9:38 “专制政权糟糕的体制不能应对这场大流行疫情带来的危机。在民主体制下，我们能够自由发表批评和评论……在这些体制下科学家以及自由思想和记者都能自由运作。这些社会将带来正确的结果……这是我们看到自由和自由权利真正好处的地方，在未来数日、数周和数个月里，我相信世界也将看到这点。” —— 国务卿迈克尔·蓬佩奥，2020年4月29日  美国致力于在全球应对COVID-19大流行的过程中保护民主、善治和人权。尊重和捍卫人权、基本自由、民主体制和法治的社会，最能以透明和有效的方式应对危机。大力尊重人权以及全社会的行动是应对公共卫生危机的必要组成部分。政府对COVID-19疫情的应对措施不得以该疾病为借口压制个人或思想。 阅读原文： https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/u-s-support-for-democracy-good-governance-and-human-rights/

U.S. Support for Democracy, Good Governance, and Human Rights in the Global Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic 07/20/2020 09:38 AM EDT Office of the Spokesperson     “Authoritarian regimes are poorly designed to deal with the kind of crisis that this pandemic has engendered.  Democracies, where we are free to critique and comment … these are the kinds of places where scientists and freedom and thought and journalists can all operate freely.  These are the societies that will deliver the right outcome … This is where we see the true benefit of freedom and liberty, and in the days and weeks and months ahead I am confident that the world will see that as well.”                                                                                           — Secretary of State Michael R. Pompeo, April 29, 2020 The United States is committed to the protection of democracy, good governance, and human rights in the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic.  Societies that respect and defend human rights, fundamental freedoms, democratic institutions, and the rule of law are best equipped to respond transparently and effectively to crises.  A robust respect for human rights, as well as whole-of-society action, are necessary parts of the solution to public health crises.  Government responses to the COVID-19 epidemic must not use the disease as a pretext for repression of persons or ideas. The United States Champions Democratic Responses to the COVID Crisis The U.S. Government leverages bilateral and multilateral diplomacy, foreign assistance, and other foreign policy tools and resources to advance democratic norms and combat authoritarian responses to the COVID-19 pandemic.  At the State Department, the Bureau for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor (DRL) has launched a COVID-19 Working Group to coordinate policy and programming on government transparency and accountability, full participation of civil society, and access to information.  The U.S. Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Center of Excellence on Democracy, Human Rights, and Governance (DRG Center) has created a cross-cutting DRG Issues and COVID-19 Working Group.  The State Department and USAID have undertaken the following actions to date to advance democratic values during the pandemic: For further information, please contact DRL-Press@state.gov, drg-covid-core@usaid.gov, or visit State.gov or USAID.gov/coronavirus.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区 2021年7月13日 鉴于中华人民共和国政府在新疆持续采取种族灭绝行为和反人类罪行，同时有越来越多的证据表明其在当地使用强迫劳动，美国国务院协同美国财政部（U.S. Department of the Treasury）、美国商务部（U.S. Department of Commerce）、美国国土安全部（U.S. Department of Homeland Security）、美国贸易代表办公室（Office of the U.S. Trade Representative）和美国劳工部（U.S. Department of Labor）发布新疆供应链工商咨询公告增订通知，强调指出因有关实体参与该地区和中国各地的强迫劳动和其他践踏人权的行为，与新疆供应链和投资有联系的工商业面临的各类风险增高。 工商咨询公告增订要点如下： 美国将通过全政府动员的方式，与民营部门及我们的盟国和伙伴密切合作，继续敦促中华人民共和国为采取的暴行和其他侵权行为承担责任。 欲查看原稿内容:  https://www.state.gov/issuance-of-updated-xinjiang-supply-chain-business-advisory/

STATEMENT BY SECRETARY ANTONY J. BLINKEN Issuance of the Updated Xinjiang Supply Chain Business Advisory   July 13, 2021 The U.S. Department of State, alongside the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the U.S. Department of Commerce, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative, and the U.S. Department of Labor, issued an updated Xinjiang Supply Chain Business Advisory in response to the government of the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) ongoing genocide and crimes against humanity in Xinjiang and the growing evidence of its use of forced labor there. The updated Advisory highlights the heightened risks for businesses with supply chain and investment links to Xinjiang given the entities complicit in forced labor and other human rights abuses there and throughout China. Among other elements, the updated Business Advisory: The United States will continue to promote accountability for the PRC’s atrocities and other abuses through a whole-of-government effort and in close coordination with the private sector and our allies and partners.

美国财政部 公共事务办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区 2021 年 11 月 3 日 财政部长珍妮特·L·耶伦（Janet L. Yellen）在苏格兰格拉斯哥举行的第26届联合国气候变化大会（COP26）金融日开幕式上的主题演讲 （准备稿） 在气候行动决定性的十年开始之际，在格拉斯哥举行的第26届联合国气候变化大会是一个关键时刻。气候危机已经到来。这不是对子孙后代的挑战，而是我们今天必须面对的挑战。 应对这一挑战将需要对我们的碳密集型经济进行全面转型。这是一个全球转型，我们对所需要的投入有一个估计：有人认为未来三十年的全球投入在100到150万亿美元之间。与此同时，应对气候变化也是我们这个时代最大的经济机遇。 格拉斯哥的许多讨论将明智地侧重于我们如何利用公共资源为国内减缓和适应气候变化的活动提供资金，并且（对于有能力这样做的国家）协助其他国家应对气候变化。我同意，我们大家都必须做得更多，而美国正在加大努力。拜登总统已经宣布，到2024年我们将把为发展中国家提供的国际气候融资翻两番，达到110亿美元以上。 今天上午，作为我们持续努力的一部分，我很高兴与英国一起宣布美国也打算全力支持气候投资基金资本市场机制（Climate Investment Funds Capital Markets Mechanism）。通过创新的杠杆结构，该计划将有助于吸引大量新的民间气候融资，每年为清洁技术基金（Clean Technology Funds）的项目提供 5 亿美元，包括新的加速煤炭转型（Accelerating Coal Transition）投资项目。伙伴国家应该很快开始看到这项支持的结果。就在昨天，拜登总统宣布了一项重要的合作伙伴关系，美国、英国、德国、法国和欧盟的合作伙伴将与我们的南非同行共同努力，帮助南非制定方案，支持受影响社区，使南非以快速、公正的方式过渡至一个清洁和低碳的未来。 今天下午晚些时候，我将专门讨论我们正在采取哪些措施帮助新兴和发展中经济体筹集气候资金，包括我们与多边开发银行和机构的接触。我希望各位能够与会，我们将了解到更多信息。 这些项目令人振奋。但是，尽管我们各国的公共部门做出了巨大努力，与解决全球气候变化问题所需要的超过100万亿美元相比依然是相形见绌。各国政府所能动用的资金与全世界需要的资金之间存在很大的缺口，因此私营部门需要发挥更大的作用。 过去，人们在要求私营部门脱碳时给出的原因是必须把地球的健康置于企业利润之上——这一原因不再普遍适用。今天，许多可再生能源比碳基燃料更便宜，并且长期运营成本更低。其他绿色技术的成本曲线继续大幅下降。在许多情况下，有利于环境保护的做法也是最具经济效益的做法。 私营部门已为提供资金做好准备，这将有助于我们避免最严峻的气候变化影响。这次与会的企业主管们管理着以万亿计的资产，他们在这里展示了企业的承诺。总共管理着近100 万亿美元资产的金融机构已在格拉斯哥净零金融联盟（GFANZ）的旗下联合起来。如果上述宏伟计划得以实施，这些投资组合到2050年将实现碳中和，并到2030年显著减少排放。 然而问题依然存在：将有足够多的投资机会得以实现来吸收所有这些资本吗？这种转向能以多快的速度发生？有关机构如何能以透明的方式报告他们的承诺以使我们能够就转型计划相互问责？ 为确保对于这些问题的回答让我们走在通向净零的轨道上，各国政府能够采取一系列举措。首先，我们肩负着一项至关重要的责任，以确保金融体系对于与气候相关的种种风险的抗御力。正因为如此，拜登总统于五月发布了《关于与气候有关的金融风险的行政命令》（Executive Order on Climate-related Financial Risks）。为响应这项指令，由我担任主席的金融稳定监督委员会（Financial Stability Oversight Council）上个月就这些风险以及美国监管机构在应对风险中的作用发布了一份报告。 其中包括采取行动强化与气候有关的数据和披露，以改善对于投资者、市场参与者和监管人士的信息公开。这份报告的各项建议代表着向增强美国金融体系对气候变化威胁的抗御力迈出了显著的、至关重要的一步。我们正在同金融稳定委员会（Financial Stability Board）及其他方面的合作伙伴共同努力，在全球范围内支持类似的努力。 其次，我们必须增强我们的基础设施项目的透明度和气候抗御力。私营部门投资者经常注意到评估风险的数据不足、项目初期的风险调整后收益不高以及缺乏银行可担保的项目等种种挑战。因此，我们大力支持实施《20国集团优质基建投资原则》（G20 Principles for Quality Infrastructure Investment）。 这些识别风险的努力必须与帮助识别投资于将推动我们走向脱碳的公司和技术的机会相辅相成。因此，我们已在国内采取了一系列行动为私营资本支持我们自己向绿色经济转型扫清道路。 这包括阐明一条前进的途径，让广大的大片公共水域可用于租赁，以便到2030年建设30千兆瓦海上风能。我认为，这向寻求部署气候相关资本的投资者发出了一个强有力的政策支持的信号。 当我们在格拉斯哥集会的时候，一个大规模的基础设施法案正在经由美国国会审议。它包括足够的资金用于在美国各地安装近50万个电动车充电站，而这将加速电动汽车的普及。拜登总统还提出了一系列税额抵免方案，我们期待将会鼓励具有高电压容量的输电线以及可再生能源发电能力的建设。我们预期它们将立刻调动数百亿美元的私人资本。 如果所有国家都来到格拉斯哥准备好尽自己的一份力，第26届联合国气候变化大会就可以成为一个推动全世界在这个决定性十年走上正轨的转折点。我们还有很多工作要做，但我致力于这项使命，而且我知道你们也是如此。

As prepared for delivery Glasgow and COP26 is a pivotal moment at the start of this decisive decade of climate action. The climate crisis is already here.  This is not a challenge for future generations, but one we must confront today. Rising to this challenge will require the wholesale transformation of our carbon-intensive economies.  It’s a global transition for which we have an estimated price tag: some have put the global figure between $100 and $150 trillion over the next three decades.  At the same time, addressing climate change is the greatest economic opportunity of our time. Many of the conversations here in Glasgow will rightfully focus on the way we use our public resources to fund climate mitigation and adaptation activities domestically and – for those in a position to do so – to assist other countries in responding to climate change.  I agree we all must do more, and the United States is stepping up.   President Biden has already announced that we are quadrupling our international climate finance for developing countries by 2024 to more than $11 billion. This morning, as part of our continued efforts, I am pleased to join the UK in announcing that the United States also intends to fully support the Climate Investment Funds Capital Markets Mechanism.  Through an innovative leveraging structure, this initiative will help attract significant new private climate finance and provide $500 million per year for the Clean Technology Funds’ programming, including the new Accelerating Coal Transition investment program.  Partner countries should begin to quickly see the results of this support. Just yesterday President Biden announced an important partnership that the United States, UK, German, French and EU partners have developed with our South African counterparts to help South Africa design an expedited just transition to a clean and low-carbon future that supports affected communities. And later this afternoon I will be speaking specifically on what we are doing to mobilize climate finance to emerging and developing economies, including our engagement with the multilateral development banks and institutions.  I hope you will join me to hear more. These programs are exciting.  But as big as the public sector effort is across all our countries, the $100-trillion plus price tag to address climate change globally is far bigger.  The gap between what governments have and what the world needs is large, and the private sector needs to play a bigger role. The old notions of why the private sector should decarbonize – because planet must be put before profit – are no longer universally true.  Many renewables are now cheaper than carbon-based fuel alternatives and have lower long-term operating costs.  Other green technologies have cost curves that continue to plunge.  In many cases, it is simply cost effective to go green. The private sector is ready to supply the financing to set us on a course to avoid the worst effects of climate change.  CEOs representing trillions in assets are here to show their commitment.  Financial institutions with collective assets under management of nearly $100 trillion have come together under The Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero, or GFANZ.  If these ambitions are realized, those portfolios will be carbon-neutral by 2050 and significantly reduce emissions by 2030. Questions remain, however: Will enough investment opportunities materialize to absorb all this capital?  How quickly can this reorientation occur?  And how can institutions transparently report on their commitments so we can hold each other to account on transition plans? There are a number of actions governments can take to make sure the answers to these questions keep us on a path to net-zero.  First, we have an essential responsibility to ensure the resiliency of the financial system to climate-related risks.  That is why in May, President Biden issued an Executive Order on Climate-related Financial Risks.  In response to that Order, the Financial Stability Oversight Council, which I Chair, produced a report last month on these risks and U.S. regulators’ role in addressing them. This includes actions to enhance climate-related data and disclosures to improve the information available to investors, market participants, and regulators.  The report’s recommendations represent a significant and vital step towards making the U.S. financial system more resilient to the threat of climate change.  We’re working with our partners at the Financial Stability Board and elsewhere to support similar efforts on a global scale. Next, we need to enhance the transparency and climate-resiliency of our infrastructure projects. Private sector investors frequently note the challenges of inadequate data to assess risk, insufficient risk-adjusted returns in the initial project phase, and a lack of bankable projects.  That is why we strongly support efforts to operationalize the G20 Principles for Quality Infrastructure Investment. These efforts to identify risks must be complemented by measures to help identify opportunities to invest in the firms and technologies that will move us towards decarbonization.  And so we have taken a number of actions domestically to clear the way for private capital to support our own transition to a green economy. This includes outlining a path forward to make vast swaths of public waters available for leasing to build 30 gigawatts of offshore wind-power by 2030.  That, I think, sends, a strong signal of policy support to investors looking to deploy climate-aligned capital. As we meet here in Glasgow, a large infrastructure bill is moving through the United States Congress.  It includes enough funding to dot the American landscape with almost 500,000 electric vehicle charging stations, which will accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles.  President Biden has also proposed a number of tax credits that we expect will incentivize the buildout of high-voltage capacity power lines and renewable energy generation capacity.  We anticipate that they will mobilize tens of billions of dollars in private capital right away. If all countries come to Glasgow prepared to do their part, COP26 can be a turning point that sets the world on the right course for this decisive decade.  We still have a lot of work to do, but I am committed to the task and I know you are as well.   ####

包括美国驻华使团的人员和他们的家属在内的海外美国公民的安全与保障是美国最高等级的优先事项。   铭记这一优先事项，鉴于新冠病例激增以及中华人民共和国应对措施带来的相关限制的影响，美国国务院于2022年4月8日批准了非紧急美国政府雇员以及紧急和非紧急美国政府雇员的家属从美国驻上海总领事馆领区自愿撤离。   伯恩斯大使以及国务院和使团的其他官员已直接向中华人民共和国官员提出了我们对疫情和中华人民共和国管控措施的关切，我们也已将自愿撤离的决定通知了他们。   根据美国国务院2022年4月8日的旅行警告，由于当地法律的任意执行以及新冠疫情相关的限制，美国公民被要求重新考虑前往中华人民共和国的旅行。此外，由于新冠疫情相关的限制，其中包括父母与孩子分离的风险，美国公民不应前往中华人民共和国的香港特别行政区、吉林省和上海市。   我们正在向中国各地的美国公民群体提供支持。受当地新冠疫情管控措施影响，上海的领事处目前对公众关闭，将在获准后尽快对公众开放。不过，领事馆的工作人员仍每天24小时在值，为美国公民提供紧急服务。 他们还获得美国驻华大使馆成立的一个团队的补充性支持.   随着情况的发展，使团已向美国公民发出多条信息。为收到这些信息，强烈建议美国公民在https://step.state.gov/注册“智行者登记计划”。美国公民还应当访问美国国务院中国国别信息网站获取最新的旅行状况信息。   如遇紧急情况，请拨打+(86)(10) 8531-4000，联系所在地区大使馆或总领事馆。还可以在https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/contact/网站或者发送邮件到以下邮箱获取更多信息：   美国驻华大使馆：BeijingACS@state.gov 美国驻广州总领事馆：GuangzhouACS@state.gov 美国驻上海总领事馆：ShanghaiACS@state.gov 美国驻沈阳总领事馆：ShenyangACS@state.gov 美国驻武汉总领事馆：WuhanACS@state.gov

The United States has no higher priority than the safety and security of U.S. citizens overseas, including Mission China’s personnel and their families.   With this priority in mind, the Department of State, on April 8, 2022, allowed for the voluntary departure of non-emergency U.S. government employees, and family members of emergency and non-emergency U.S. government employees, from the Consulate General Shanghai consular district due to a surge in COVID-19 cases and the impact of restrictions related to the response of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Ambassador Burns and other Department and Mission officials have raised our concerns regarding the outbreak and the PRC’s control measures directly with PRC officials, and we have informed them about the voluntary departure decision. Per the Department of State’s April 8, 2022, Travel Advisory, American citizens are asked to reconsider travel to the PRC due to arbitrary enforcement of local laws and COVID-19-related restrictions.  Additionally, American citizens should not travel to the PRC’s Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Jilin province, and Shanghai municipality due to COVID-19-related restrictions, including the risk of parents and children being separated.   We are providing support to our U.S. citizen community throughout China.  The Consular Section in Shanghai is currently closed to the public due to local COVID control measures and will open to the public as soon as permitted.  However, Consulate staff remain on duty 24 hours per day, providing emergency services to U.S. citizens.  They are receiving supplemental support from a team that has been set up at the U.S. Embassy in Beijing.  The Mission has sent multiple messages to U.S. citizens as the situation has developed.  In order to receive these messages, Americans are strongly encouraged to enroll in STEP at http://step.state.gov.  Americans should also visit the Department of State’s China Country Information website for the latest regarding travel conditions. In case of emergency, please reach out to the Embassy or Consulate General for your area by calling +(86)(10) 8531-4000.  Further information can also be found at https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/contact/ and emailing: Embassy Beijing:  BeijingACS@state.gov Consulate General Guangzhou:  GuangzhouACS@state.gov Consulate General Shanghai:  ShanghaiACS@state.gov Consulate General Shenyang:  ShenyangACS@state.gov Consulate General Wuhan:  WuhanACS@state.gov

2022年10月29日 我和妻子吉尔向在首尔失去至爱亲朋的家庭致以最深切的慰问。我们与韩国人民共同哀悼，并向所有伤者致以最真挚的祝福，祝他们早日康复。我们两国之间的联盟从未像现在这样充满活力和至关重要，我们两国人民之间的联系也比以往任何时候都更加紧密。在这个悲痛的时刻，美国与大韩民国站在一起。

OCTOBER 29, 2022 Jill and I send our deepest condolences to the families who lost loved ones in Seoul. We grieve with the people of the Republic of Korea and send our best wishes for a quick recovery to all those who were injured. The Alliance between our two countries has never been more vibrant or more vital – and the ties between our people are stronger than ever. The United States stands with the Republic of Korea during this tragic time. ###

副总统彭斯在弗雷德里克·马勒克纪念讲座（Frederic V. Malek Memorial Lecture）发表讲话 白宫 副总统办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区（Washington, D.C.） 2019年10月24日 副总统彭斯在弗雷德里克·马勒克纪念讲座（Frederic V. Malek Memorial Lecture）发表讲话 康莱德酒店（Conrad Hotel） 美国东部夏令时间上午11:51 副总统：感谢诸位的热情欢迎。贵中心新任主席科特沃克（Scott Walker）州长、前国会众议员简·哈曼（Jane Harman）、这个历史性机构的所有董事会成员及所有杰出的学者们：威尔逊中心（Wilson Center）以一位弘扬美国领导作用和在世界舞台上捍卫自由的总统命名，来到这里令人荣幸之至。 本着同样的精神，在我今天上午的讲话开始之际，请允许我带来另一位在国内和世界各地捍卫自由的总统表示的问候。我在此转达美利坚合众国（United States of America）第45任总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）总统的问候。（掌声） 这个星期局势严峻，我恰好在这个阶段的后期与诸位会见。在土耳其军队入侵叙利亚后，由于美国总统采取了强大的经济和外交行动，同时与我们的土耳其和库尔德（Kurdish）盟友合作，叙利亚国防部队能够从边界地区安全撤出。目前该地区由土耳其军队控制。 昨天，土耳其国防部长对永久性停火和停止一切攻击性军事行动表示确认。（掌声） 我国军队正在撤回国内。我很高兴报告诸位，通过这次停火，土耳其和我们的库尔德盟友创造了一个机会，有助于国际社会建立一个安全区，我们相信因此可为这个战乱地区所有的人民恢复和平与安全。这是一大进展，事实的确如此。 为此，再次感谢诸位今天给我出席这次活动的荣幸，能够为首次弗雷德里克·马勒克纪念讲座发表讲话特别让我感到无尚荣耀。 众所周知，弗雷德（Fred）可以告诉诸位，他作为值得骄傲的西点军校（West Point）之子，毕生遵循“责任、荣誉和国家”的训诫。据我所知，他为他人提供的忠告经常引用母校的学员祷文（Cadet Prayer），并用这样的话激励他们，“不避艰险敢走正确之路；不图轻松步入人生歧途。” 弗雷德认识到，任何人，更不用说国家，都不能采取背判自身价值观的方式捍卫自己的利益。为了纪念弗雷德，我今天准备在这里谈谈与21世纪的命运有重大关系的话题：美国与中国的关系。 自本届政府执政之初以来，特朗普总统始终坚持以诚意、公平和相互尊重的基本精神与中国发展关系，用他的话来说，要求 “世界更公平、更安全、更和平”。 一年前的这个月，我曾谈到北京采取的很多政策对美国的利益和价值造成了很大的伤害，例如中国的债务外交和军事扩张；对信众的镇压；建立监控型国家；当然还有中国采取各种不符合自由和公平贸易原则的政策手段，包括关税、限额、货币操纵、强制性技术转移和行业补贴等。 过去的历届政府人事更迭，都对这些侵害性行为心知肚明。但没有人愿意打破华盛顿的既定利益，不仅对这些侵害性行为听之任之，而且经常可以从中得利。这个政治建制不仅对中国的经济侵略和侵犯人权的行为保持缄默，而且往往为之推波助澜。年复一年，美国腹地的工厂接二连三地关闭，一座座摩天大楼在北京拔地而起；美国工人越来越灰心丧气，中国则越来愈胆大妄为。 在短短20年不到的时间内，用特朗普总统的话来说，我们看到“全世界有史以来最大规模的财富转移”。过去17年来，中国的国内生产总值（GDP）增长了9倍多，成为世界第二大经济体，增长的大部分由美国在中国投资驱动。 北京的行为造成去年美国对华贸易逆差达4,000亿美元，几占我国全球贸易逆差的一半。特朗普总统多次指出，我们在过去25年重建了中国。此话可谓一针见血。但是这种日子已一去不复返。 唐纳德·特朗普总统在3年不到的时间内就永远改写了这一切，必将成为历史的见证。美国及其领导人不再寄希望于仅通过经济联系改变共产主义的中国专制国家，使之成为尊重私人财产、法治和国际贸易规则的自由和开放的社会。 为此，总统的2017年国家安全战略（National Security Strategy）明确指出，美国现已承认中国是一个战略和经济对手。我可以提供第一手材料证明，美国坚强的大多数人民，不论在城市还是农场，都拥护特朗普总统对美中关系的真知灼见。总统的立场还获得国会（Congress）两党的广泛支持。 一年来，特朗普总统在各方面的支持下采取大胆果断的行动改变过去失败的政策，强调需增强美国的实力，要求北京承担责任，同时使双方的关系走上更公平、稳定和建设性的道路，从而造福于我们两国和全世界。 在本届政府就职之时，中国就已经向全世界最大经济体的方向努力。当时专家预计，中国经济将在短短几年内超过美国。但是由于特朗普总统采取大胆的经济方针，这一切都发生了变化。 在本届政府执政之初，总统就签署了美国有史以来最大规模的减税和税务改革法案。我们比照世界其他地区的公司税率，降低了美国公司的税率。我们以创纪录的水平放宽了联邦监管措施。我们发挥了美国的能量。同时，特朗普总统坚定地支持自由和公平的贸易。 结果如何呢？美国创造了全世界有史以来最强盛的经济。（掌声）达到我国经济有史以来最强盛的时期。 今天的失业率达到50年来的最低点。今天美国参加工作的人数达到前所未有的水平。两年半以来家庭收入中位数增加了5,000美元。这一切甚至未计入总统对工作家庭的减税或能源改革获得的结余。 由于总统实施的有关政策，美国为国民经济增加了数万亿美元的财富，同时中国经济继续落在后面。 为了帮助美国工人创造对抗不道德贸易行为的公平环境，2018年特朗普总统对2,500亿美元的中国产品征收关税。今年早些时候，总统宣布，如果到今年12月双方的贸易关系中的重要问题未能得到解决，将对另外3,000亿美元的中国产品征收关税。 为了保护知识产权和我国公民的隐私及我国的国家安全，我们已采取强有力的步骤制止华为和中兴等中国公司的非法行为。我们已要求我们在世界各地的盟友建造安全的5G网络，不让北京控制我们最敏感的基础设施和数据。 在我国经济日益强盛之际，特朗普总统还签署了一个多世代以来最大幅度增加国防经费的法案：过去3年为我国国防的新投资拨款2.5万亿美元。我们已经使全世界有史以来最强大的军队愈益强盛。 为了向北京明确表示任何国家都没有权利声称海上共同疆域为领海，去年美国增加了我国自由航行作业的频率和范围，加强了我国在印度-太平洋（Indo-Pacific）地区的军事存在。 为了捍卫每年[各地]爱好自由的人民秉持的价值观，我们还敦促中国共产党停止压制中国人民的宗教自由。中国数百万少数民族和宗教少数派正在进行艰苦的斗争，努力抗击共产党试图消灭他们的宗教和文化特征的行动。 中国共产党逮捕基督教牧师，禁止出售圣经（Bibles），拆毁教堂并监禁了100多万维吾尔族穆斯林。 我们要求北京为其对待新疆少数民族穆斯林的方式承担责任。就在上个月，特朗普总统对一些中国共产党官员施加签证限制，并对20名中国公安局人员和8个中国公司实施制裁，因为他们参与对维吾尔族和中国其他穆斯林的迫害。（掌声） 与此同时，我们支持台湾捍卫来之不易的自由。在本届政府执政后，我们已授权更多的对台军售，并承认台湾是全世界最伟大的贸易经济体之一，也是中国文化与民主的灯塔。 随着数百万人上街和平示威，我们替香港人民大声疾呼。特朗普总统很早就明确表示，必须采取和平解决，尊重在1984年《中英联合声明》（Sino-British Joint Declaration）中所规定的香港人民的权利。 这些都是有历史意义的行动。此前没有任何总统在我们同中国的关系中如此大力地推进美国的利益。 面对美国的行动和决心，一些跨国公司说，我们的经济政策过于强硬，推进我们的利益和我们的价值观与改善与中国的关系背道而驰。 毋庸赘言，我们的观点非常不同。尽管当下存在着大国竞争，而且美国不断强大，但是我们希望中国更好。这就是为什么几十年来第一次，在唐纳德·特朗普总统的领导下，美国正在以对待任何世界大国领导人完全应有的方式对待中国领导人——给予尊重，对，但也始终如一并且坦率直言。 本着坦率直言的精神，我必须告诉各位，自从我发表哈德逊（Hudson）讲话一年来，北京仍然没有为改善我们的经济关系采取重大行动。在我们提出的许多其他问题上，北京的行为甚至变得更加张扬和影响稳定。 在贸易方面，今年5月，经过几个月的艰苦谈判在许多关键事务上达成共识后，中国在最后一刻后退——从一个150页的协议中后退，使双方回到原点。 特朗普总统仍然相信北京希望达成协议。我们欢迎在新的第一阶段协议中对美国农业的支持，并且希望这项协议能够尽快在本周在智利举行亚太经合组织峰会（APEC Summit）时签署。但是中国知道，还必须解决我们两国间存在的一系列结构性和重要的问题。 例如，中国继续协助和怂恿盗窃我们的知识产权，尽管中国领导人2015年在玫瑰园（Rose Garden）承诺停止和不再这样做。 7月，联邦调查局（FBI）局长告诉国会，该机构正在进行的1,000项知识产权盗窃调查中，大部分涉及中国。美国企业每年继续因知识产权被盗而损失成千上万亿美元。 这些数字背后不仅是公司企业，而是还有人、家庭和梦想，他们都受到权利被践踏，天才创造被窃取的威胁。自由创业有赖于公民能够为追求自己的雄心壮志而承担风险，并能够因自己付出的代价而得到回报。当他们的劳动成果被人窃取，当他们的汗水付诸东流时，我们自由创业的整个体系受到损害。 仅去年一年，出现了一个又一个涉及中国的知识产权盗窃案。3月，特斯拉（Tesla）起诉了一名前工程师，指控他在跳槽到一家中国的自动驾驶汽车公司前，窃取了30万个与特斯拉自身的美国开发的自动驾驶系统相关的文件。 去年12月，司法部（Justice Department）透露，破获了中国国家安全部内一个臭名昭著的骇客团伙进行了将近四年的操作。这些中国政府官员盗窃了美国海军10万人的姓名和资料，以及舰船保养信息，对我们国家安全有重大影响。 中国虽然承诺中国的芬太尼和其他合成阿片给予打击，但事实是，这些致命药品仍在继续大量流入我国国境，每月造成数以千计美国人死亡。 今天，中国共产党正在建设一个世界不曾见过的监控国家。千百万个监控头从各个角度盯视。少数民族人必须要经过一个个任意的检查岗，警察在这些地方要求提供血样，指纹，录声，拍摄多角度头像，甚至进行虹膜扫描。 中国现在正在把其专制政权使用的这些同样的技术工具出口到非洲、拉丁美洲和中东地区：就像它在新疆等地使用的工具；往往通过美国公司的帮助而采用的工具。 北京还打破了民用和军用技术领域之间的界限——中国的“军民融合”之说。根据法律和国家领导指示，在中国的公司——无论是私营，国营还是外国公司——都必须将其技术与中国军方分享。 中国军方在该地区的行动及其对待邻国的方式过去一年来越来越具挑衅性。 虽然中国领导人2015年站在玫瑰园说，中国对南中国海（South China Sea）——我引述原话——“没有任何军事化意图”，但是北京向它建造在人工岛上的军事基地列岛部署了先进反舰导弹和防空导弹。 北京加大了对他们所说的“海上民兵”船只的使用，经常威吓菲律宾和马来西亚海员和渔民。中国海警试图强力阻止越南在越南本国沿海开采石油和天然气。 在东中国海（East China Sea）， 2019年，我们的紧密盟友日本，需要越来越多地紧急出动空战机，应对中国比历史上任何一年都多的挑衅。中国海警连续60多天派舰船进入日本管辖的尖阁列岛（Senkaku Islands）附近水域。 中国还通过其“一带一路”计划，在全球港口立足，名义上是为商业目的，但最终可能是为军事目的。现在我们看到，代表中国所有权的旗帜今天飘扬在从斯里兰卡到巴基斯坦到希腊的港口。 今年早些时候，有报道说，北京签署了一项秘密协议，在柬埔寨建立海军基地。据报道，北京甚至将目光瞄向大西洋（Atlantic Ocean）的一些可被作为海军设施的地方。 虽然我们的政府将继续尊重一个中国的政策（One China Policy）——正如在三个联合公报和《台湾关系法》（Taiwan Relations Act）中所体现的，但中国在过去一年里，通过金援外交，又使两个国家从在外交上承认台北转为承认北京，使台湾民主受到更大压力。 国际社会永远不能忘记，它与台湾往来不威胁和平；这保护台湾和整个地区的和平。美国永远相信，台湾接受民主是一条对所有华人都更好的道路。（掌声） 但是，过去一年里没有任何情形能比香港的动荡更充分展示了中国共产党对自由权的反感。 香港150年来一直是中国和更广大世界之间的重要门户。香港是全球最自由的经济体之一，拥有强大的、独立的法律机制和活跃的自由媒体，有几十万外国人居住在这里。 香港是说明中国在实行自由时可以出现何种景象的生动实例。然而，过去几年来，北京加强了对香港的干涉，采取行动限制香港人的权利和自由——而这些是通过具有法律约束力的“一国两制”国际协定所保证的权利和自由。 但是特朗普总统很明确，正如他的话所说，“美国支持自由。”（掌声）我们尊重国家主权。但是美国期待北京遵守它的承诺，特朗普总统一再清楚表示，如果当局对香港示威者使用暴力，我们达成贸易协议就将更困难得多。（掌声） 自那时以来，我欣慰地看到，香港当局撤回了最初引发抗议的逃犯条例法案，北京也表现出某种克制。 在未来日子里，我可以向各位肯定，美国将继续敦促中国表现克制，遵守其承诺，尊重香港人民。对数百万近几个月来为维护自己的权利而举行和平示威的香港人：我们与你们站在一起。（掌声）你们让我们受到激励，我们敦促你们坚持走在非暴力示威的道路上。（掌声）但是请知道，有千百外美国人在为你们祈祷并敬仰你们。 随着中国在整个地区和世界各地施加影响，如同我去年所说，中国共产党也在继续以奖励和胁迫的方式，通过美国商企、电影制片公司，高校，智库，学者、新闻工作者，以及地方、州和联邦政府官员对美国的公共辩论施加影响。 今天，中国不仅在向美国出口成千上万亿美元的不公平贸易商品，而且近来还在试图出口新闻审查——这是其政权的著名标志。北京试图通过利用企业贪欲，影响美国公众舆论，胁迫美国工商界。 而且有太多的美国跨国公司屈从于中国的金钱和市场的诱惑，不仅钳制对中国共产党的批评，甚至还压制肯定美国价值观的表述。 耐克（Nike）宣称自己是所谓的“社会正义捍卫者”，但在香港问题上，却把社会良知抛在脑后。耐克在中国的门店甚至下架了休斯顿火箭队（Houston Rockets）的相关商品，同中国政府一起对火箭队总经理的7字推文表示抗议。这条推文是：“Fight for Freedom.  Stand with Hong Kong”（力争自由。力挺香港）。 NBA名气最大的一些球员和老板经常行使他们的自由来批评这个国家，却在事关中国民众的自由与权利的问题上纷纷噤声。NBA与中国共产党为伍并压制自由言论，其行为方式就像是那个专制政权全权所有的一个附属体。 一种对践踏人权的行径视而不见的进步主义企业文化并不是进步主义，而是压制主义。（掌声） 当美国公司、职业运动联盟、职业运动员甘愿接受审查时，这不仅仅是错误的，而且是违背美国特性的。美国公司应当在国内这里以及世界各地挺身捍卫美国的价值观。（掌声） 而且北京的经济和战略行为及其试图左右美国公众舆论的做法证实了我一年前说过的话，这在今天仍然同样准确：中国希望美国总统另有他人，而这正是特朗普总统的领导作用在发挥效力的最终证明。 美国的经济实力与日俱增，而中国的经济正在付出代价。总统的方略是正确的。他正在以前所未有的力度为美国人民而奋斗，为美国的就业机会和美国的劳动者而奋斗。而且我向你们承诺，本届政府绝不会退缩。（掌声） 尽管如此，总统也已明确表示，美国不寻求与中国对抗。我们寻求一个公平竞争的环境、开放的市场、公平的贸易以及对我们价值观的尊重。 我们不寻求遏制中国的发展。我们希望和中国的领导人有一种建设性的关系，就像我们和中国人民延续了几代人的关系一样。如果中国迈步向前并抓住这个独一无二的历史机遇以重新开始，终止那些占美国人民的便宜已为时太久的贸易行为，我知道唐纳德·特朗普总统已准备好并愿意开启一个新的未来——（掌声）——就像美国过去做过的那样。 当邓小平的“改革开放”政策鼓励与外部世界接触与交流时，美国张开双臂予以回应。我们欢迎中国的崛起。我们欢庆6亿人民让自己摆脱贫困的卓著成就。美国对中国的经济复兴的投资比其他任何国家都多。 美国人民希望中国人民生活得更好。但为了寻求实现这一目标，我们必须认清中国的现状，而不是凭我们的想象或者希望它某一天可能成为的样子。 人们有时会问特朗普政府是否寻求与中国“脱钩”。回答是一个响亮的“不”字。美国寻求与中国接触以及中国与更广大的世界的接触，但接触的方式要与公平、相互尊重以及国际商贸规则相符。 然而，到目前为止，中国共产党似乎继续抗拒一种真正的开放，或是与全球规范接轨。 北京今天的所作所为，从共产党的网络防火长城到南中国海的沙筑长城，从他们不信任香港的自治到镇压有宗教信仰的民众，都显示出正是中国共产党几十年来一直都在与更广大的世界“脱钩”。 我得知，习主席本人在升任共产党总书记后不久的一次曾一度保密的讲话中说，中国必须“认真做好两种社会制度长期合作和斗争的各方面准备”。他当时还对其他领导人说，不要低估西方的自我调节能力。这些话有其明智之处。 中国永远都不应当低估热爱自由的美国人民的自我调节能力，或是美国总统的决心。（掌声）中国应当知道，美国的价值观根深蒂固，我们对这些价值观的承诺始终与我们的开国先贤一样坚定，而且美国明亮的民主与自由之光绝不会有熄灭的那一天。（掌声） 美国是在抗击压迫和暴政中诞生的。我们的国家是那些具有非凡的勇气、顽强的决心、信念以及强烈的独立性和钢铁般意志的男男女女创建的，他们在这里定居、开拓。在过去的几个世纪里并没有什么改变。 美国人相信，人人生而平等，造物主赋予我们特定的不可剥夺的权利：生命、自由和追求幸福的权利。任何东西都不会改变这些信念。（掌声） 这是我们的本色。我们将永远保持这种本色。 而且我们将始终相信民主价值观——个人自由、宗教和良心自由以及法治——有利于美国和全球的利益，因为它们现在是而且将永远是实现人类的抱负并指导全世界各国和人民之间的关系的最佳政府模式。 尽管我们在美中关系中面临诸多挑战，但我可以向你们保证，在唐纳德·特朗普总统的领导下，美国不会允许这些挑战阻止与中国的务实合作。 我们将继续本着诚意与中国谈判，以实现我们的经济关系中早该实现的结构性改革。而且正如我今天早晨再次听到特朗普总统所说的，他对能够达成协议依然保持乐观。 我们将继续通过教育、旅行和文化交流来增进我们两国人民之间的纽带。 中国和美国还将继续本着接触的精神共同努力，确保北韩实现全面、最终以及可验证的去核化。 而且我们将寻求就军备控制以及实施美国在波斯湾（Persian Gulf）的制裁措施加大合作。 美国将继续寻求改善与中国的关系。我们在这样做的过程中，将会坦率直言，因为这是一种美国和中国都必须正确应对的关系。 美国将继续寻求从根本上重新构建我们与中国的关系。在唐纳德·特朗普总统的领导下，美国将坚定不移。美国人民和他们的两党民选官员都将保持坚定的决心。我们将捍卫我们的利益。我们将捍卫我们的价值观。而且我们将本着对所有人的慈善心怀和善良意愿来这样做。（掌声） 特朗普总统与习主席建立了牢固的个人关系。在这个基础上，我们将继续寻求有关途径来加强我们的关系，以造福于我们两国人民。 而且我们热诚地相信，美国和中国可以而且必须努力，共享一个和平与繁荣的未来。但只有坦诚的对话和有诚意的谈判才能使这种未来付诸实现。 因此，我今天结束讲话时要重申我一年前结束讲话时所说的话：美国正向中国伸出双手，我们希望北京能很快作出回应，这次是用行动而非言辞，并且重新尊重美国。 中国有句古话告诉我们:“ 人见目前，天见久远。”在前进的道路上，让我们秉持决心和信念追求一个和平与繁荣的未来。坚信特朗普总统的领导力以及他对我们的经济和我们的世界地位的远见，坚信他与中国的习主席所建立的关系，坚信美国人民和中国人民之间持久的友谊。坚信上苍能够看到未来——上帝赐福，美国和中国将共同迎接这一未来。 谢谢大家。上帝保佑各位。上帝保佑美利坚合众国。 （掌声） 讲话结束 美国东部夏令时间中午12:28

Remarks by Vice President Pence at the Frederic V. Malek Memorial Lecture FOREIGN POLICY October 24, 2019 Conrad Hotel Washington, D.C. 11:51 A.M. EDT THE VICE PRESIDENT:  Well, thank you all for that warm welcome.  And to your new chairman, Governor Scott Walker; former Congresswoman Jane Harman; and to all the members of the board at this historic center; and to all the fine scholars: It is an honor to be here at the Wilson Center, named after a President that was a great champion for America leadership and for freedom on the world stage. And in that same spirit, allow me to begin this morning by bringing greetings from another President who’s a champion for freedom here at home and across the wider world.  I bring greetings from the 45th President of the United States of America, President Donald Trump.  (Applause.) I come before you today at the end of a momentous week.  In the wake of Turkish forces invading Syria, thanks to the strong economic and diplomatic action of the President of the United States, and thanks to the cooperation by our Turkish and Kurdish allies, Syrian Defense Forces were able to safely withdraw from the border area that’s currently under Turkish military control. And yesterday, Turkey’s Ministry of Defense confirmed a permanent cease-fire and a halt of all offensive military operations.  (Applause.) Our troops are coming home.  And I am pleased to report that through this ceasefire, Turkey and our Kurdish allies have now created an opportunity that the international community can create a safe zone that we believe will restore peace and security for all the peoples of this war-torn region.  It is progress, indeed. So thank you again for the honor of being here today, and it’s a particular honor to deliver the inaugural Frederic V. Malek Memorial Lecture. Anyone who knew Fred would tell you that he was a proud son of West Point and that he lived his life by the words “duty, honor, and country.”  When counseling others, I’m told, he often quoted his alma mater’s Cadet Prayer and urged them to, as he would say, “Choose the harder right instead of the easier wrong.” Fred understood that no one — least of all, nations — can defend their interests by forsaking their values.  So in honor of Fred’s memory, I come here today to discuss a subject on which much of the destiny of the 21st century will hinge: the United States relationship with China. Since the earliest days of this administration, President Trump has been determined to build a relationship with China on a foundation of candor, fairness, and mutual respect, in order to achieve, in his words, “a more just, secure, and peaceful world.” One year ago this month, I spoke about many of Beijing’s policies most harmful to America’s interests and values, from China’s debt diplomacy and military expansionism; its repression of people of faith; construction of a surveillance state; and, of course, to China’s arsenal of policies inconsistent with free and fair trade, including tariffs, quotas, currency manipulation, forced technology transfer, and industrial subsidies. Past administrations have come and gone, and all were aware of these abuses.  None were willing to upset the established Washington interests who not only permitted these abuses, but often profited from them.  The political establishment was not only silent in the face of China’s economic aggression and human rights abuses, but they often enabled them.  As each year passed, as each factory closed in the heartland of America, as each new skyscraper went up in Beijing, American workers grew only more disheartened, and China grew only more emboldened. In less than two short decades, we’ve seen, as President Trump has said, “the greatest transfer of wealth in the history of the world.”  Over the past 17 years, China’s GDP has grown more than nine-fold; it has become the second-largest economy in the world.  Much of this success was driven by American investment in China. Beijing’s actions have contributed to the United States’ trade deficit with China that last year ran to more than $400 billion — nearly half of our global trade deficit.  As President Trump has said many times, we rebuilt China over the last 25 years.  No truer words were spoken, but those days are over. As history will surely note, in less than three years, President Donald Trump has changed that narrative forever.  No longer will America and its leaders hope that economic engagement alone will transform Communist China’s authoritarian state into a free and open society that respects private property, the rule of law, and international rules of commerce. Instead, as the President’s 2017 National Security Strategy articulated, the United States now recognizes China as a strategic and economic rival.  And I can attest firsthand, a strong majority of the American people, in the city and on the farm, are behind President Trump’s clear-eyed vision of the U.S.–China relationship.  And the President’s stand also enjoys broad bipartisan support in the Congress as well. Over the past year with that support, President Trump has taken bold and decisive action to correct the failed policies of the past, to strengthen America, to hold Beijing accountable, and to set our relationship on a more fair, stable, and constructive course for the good of both of our nations and the world. When our administration took office, China was on track to become the largest economy in the world.  Experts predicted that China’s economy would surpass the United States’ economy in just a few short years.  But thanks to bold economic agenda advanced by President Trump, all that has changed. From early on in this administration, this President signed the largest tax cuts and tax reform in American history.  We lowered the American corporate tax rate to mirror other corporate rates around the world.  We rolled back federal regulation at record levels.  We unleashed American energy.  And President Trump has stood strong for free and fair trade. The result?  America has the strongest economy in the history of the world.  (Applause.)  And the strongest economy in our own history. Unemployment today is at a 50-year low.  There are more Americans working today than ever before.  Median household income in the last two and half years has risen by more than $5,000.  And that doesn’t even account for the savings from the President’s tax cuts or energy reforms for working families. Because of the President’s policies, America has added trillions of dollars of wealth to our economy while China’s economy continues to fall behind. To level the playing field for the American worker against unethical trade practices, President Trump levied tariffs on $250 billion in Chinese goods in 2018.  And earlier this year, the President announced we would place tariffs on another $300 billion of Chinese goods if significant issues in our trading relationship were not resolved by December of this year. To protect intellectual property rights and the privacy of our citizens and our national security, we’ve taken strong steps to curtail illegal behavior of Chinese companies like Huawei and ZTE.  And we’ve urged our allies around the world to build secure 5G networks that don’t give Beijing control of our most sensitive infrastructure and data as well. And as we’ve grown stronger economically, President Trump has also signed the largest increases in our national defense in more than a generation: $2.5 trillion of new investment in our national defense just in the last three years.  We’ve made the strongest military in the history of the world stronger still. And to make it clear to Beijing that no nation has a right to claim the maritime commons as territorial seas, the United States, in the last year, has increased the tempo and scope of our freedom of navigation operations and strengthened our military presence across the Indo-Pacific. To uphold the values of freedom-loving people every year [everywhere], we’ve also called out the Chinese Communist Party for suppressing freedom of religion of the Chinese people.  Millions of ethnic and religious minorities in China are struggling against the Party’s efforts to eradicate their religious and cultural identities. The Communist Party in China has arrested Christian pastors, banned the sale of Bibles, demolished churches, and imprisoned more than one million Muslim Uighurs. We’ve held Beijing accountable for its treatment of Muslim minorities in Xinjiang when, just last month, President Trump imposed visas restrictions on Chinese Communist Party officials, as well as sanctions on 20 Chinese public security bureaus and 8 Chinese companies for their complicity in the persecution of Uighurs and other Chinese Muslims.  (Applause.) And we’ve stood by Taiwan in defense of her hard-won freedoms.  Under this administration, we’ve authorized additional military sales and recognized Taiwan’s place as one of the world’s great trading economies and beacons of Chinese culture and democracy. And as millions have taken to the streets in peaceful protest, we’ve spoken out on behalf of the people of Hong Kong.  And President Trump has made it clear from early on that there must be a peaceful resolution that respects the rights of the people of Hong Kong, as outlined in the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration. These are all historic actions.  And no President before has so vigorously advanced America’s interests in our relationship with China. In response to America’s actions and resolve, some multinational corporations say our economic policies are too tough and that advancing our interests and our values runs contrary to better relations with China. Needless to say, we see it very differently.  Despite the great power competition that is underway, and America’s growing strength, we want better for China.  That’s why, for the first time in decades, under President Donald Trump’s leadership, the United States is treating China’s leaders exactly how the leaders of any great world power should be treated — with respect, yes, but also with consistency and candor. And in that spirit of candor, I must tell you that in the year since my Hudson speech, Beijing has still not taken significant action to improve our economic relationship.  And on many other issues we’ve raised, Beijing’s behavior has become even more aggressive and destabilizing. On the trade front, this past May, after months of painstaking negotiations resulted in mutual agreement on many key matters, at the last moment, China backed away — backed away from a 150-page agreement, sending both sides back to square one. Now, President Trump still believes Beijing wants to make a deal.  And we welcome the support for American agriculture in the new phase one agreement and hope it can be signed as soon as the APEC Summit in Chile this week.  But China knows there’s a whole range of structural and significant issues between our two countries that also must be addressed. For instance, despite a 2015 promise in the Rose Garden by China’s leader to cease and desist, China continues to aid and abet the theft of our intellectual property. Last July, the director of the FBI told Congress that of his agency’s 1,000 active investigations into intellectual property theft, the majority involve China.  American enterprises continue to lose hundreds of billions of dollars each year in intellectual property theft. Behind these statistics are not just businesses, but people, families, and dreams threatened by the violation of their rights and the theft of their genius.  Free enterprise depends on the ability of risk-taking citizens to pursue their ambitions and reap the rewards of their sacrifice.  When the product of their labor is stolen, when the sweat of their brow is made futile, it undermines our entire system of free enterprise. Last year alone, there’s been case after case of intellectual property theft involving China.  In March, Tesla filed suit against a former engineer who’s been accused of stealing 300,000 files related to its own American-developed autopilot system, before bolting for a job at a Chinese self-driving car company. And last December, the Justice Department revealed that it had broken up a nearly four-year operation by a notorious hacking group within China’s Ministry of State Security.  These Chinese government officials stole the names and data of 100,000 U.S. Navy personnel, as well as ship maintenance information, with grave implications for our national security. Despite China’s promises to crack down on Chinese fentanyl and other synthetic opioids, the truth is, those deadly drugs also continue to flood across our borders, claiming the lives of thousands of Americans every month. And today, China’s Communist Party is building a surveillance state unlike anything the world has ever seen.  Hundreds of millions of surveillance cameras stare down from every vantage point.  Ethnic minorities must navigate arbitrary checkpoints where police demand blood samples, fingerprints, voice recordings, and multiple angle head shots, and even iris scans. And China is now exporting to countries in Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East the very same technological tools that it uses in its authoritarian regime: tools that it’s deployed in places like Xinjiang; tools that it’s deployed often with the help of American companies. And Beijing has also smashed the barriers between civilian and military technological domains — a doctrine that China calls “military-civilian fusion.”  By law and presidential fiat, companies in China — whether private, state-owned, or foreign — must share their technologies with the Chinese military. And China’s military action in the region and its approach to its neighbors over the past year has also remained increasingly provocative. While China’s leaders stood in the Rose Garden in 2015 and said that its country had, and I quote, “no intention to militarize” the South China Sea, Beijing has deployed advanced anti-ship and anti-air missiles atop an archipelago of military bases constructed on artificial islands. And Beijing has stepped up its use of what they call “maritime militia” vessels to regularly menace Filipino and Malaysian sailors and fishermen.  And the Chinese Coast Guard has tried to strong-arm Vietnam from drilling for oil and natural gas off of Vietnam’s own shores. In the East China Sea, in 2019, our close ally, Japan, is on track to scramble more fighter aircraft sorties in response to Chinese provocations than in any previous year in history.  And China’s Coast Guard has sent ships for more than 60 days in a row into the waters around the Senkaku Islands, which are administered by Japan. China is also using its “One Belt, One Road” Initiative to establish footholds in ports around the world, ostensibly for commercial purposes, but those purposes could eventually become military.  We see now the flag of Chinese ownership flying today in ports from Sri Lanka to Pakistan to Greece. And earlier this year, it was reported that Beijing had signed a secret agreement to establish a naval base in Cambodia.  And it is reported that Beijing is even eyeing locations on the Atlantic Ocean that could serve as naval facilities. And while our administration will continue to respect the One China Policy — as reflected in the three joint communiqués and the Taiwan Relations Act — through checkbook diplomacy, over the past year China has induced two more nations to switch diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing, increasing pressure on the democracy in Taiwan. The international community must never forget that its engagement with Taiwan does not threaten the peace; it protects peace on Taiwan and throughout the region.  America will always believe that Taiwan’s embrace of democracy shows a better path for all the Chinese people.  (Applause.) But nothing in the past year has put on display the Chinese Communist Party’s antipathy to liberty so much as the unrest in Hong Kong. Hong Kong has served as an important gateway between China and the wider world for 150 years.  Hong Kong is one of the freest economies in the world, with strong, independent legal institutions and a lively free press, and it’s home to hundreds of thousands of foreign residents. Hong Kong is a living example of what can happen when China embraces liberty.  And yet, for the last few years, Beijing has increased its interventions in Hong Kong and engaged in actions to curtail the rights and liberties of its people — rights and liberties that were guaranteed through a binding international agreement of “one country, two systems.” But President Trump has been clear, as he said in his words, “The United States stands for liberty.”  (Applause.)  We respect the sovereignty of nations.  But America expects Beijing to honor its commitments, and President Trump has repeatedly made it clear it would be much harder for us to make a trade deal if the authorities resort to the use of violence against protestors in Hong Kong.  (Applause.) Since then, I’m pleased to observe that Hong Kong authorities have withdrawn the extradition bill that sparked the protests in the first place, and Beijing has shown some restraint. In the days ahead, I can assure you, the United States will continue to urge China to show restraint, to honor its commitments, and respect the people of Hong Kong.  And to the millions in Hong Kong who have been peacefully demonstrating to protect your rights these past months, we stand with you.  (Applause.)  We are inspired by you, and we urge you to stay on the path of nonviolent protest.  (Applause.)  But know that you have the prayers and the admiration of millions of Americans. As China has exercised its influence across the region and across the world, as I said last year, the Chinese Communist Party is also continuing to reward and coerce American businesses, movie studios, universities, think tanks, scholars, journalists, and local, state, and federal officials to influence the public debate here in America. Today, China is not only exporting hundreds of billions of dollars in unfairly traded goods to the United States, but lately China has also been trying to export censorship — the hallmark of its regime.  By exploiting corporate greed, Beijing is attempting to influence American public opinion, coercing corporate America. And far too many American multinational corporations have kowtowed to the lure of China’s money and markets by muzzling not only criticism of the Chinese Communist Party, but even affirmative expressions of American values. Nike promotes itself as a so called “social justice champion,” but when it comes to Hong Kong, it prefers checking its social conscience at the door.  Nike stores in China actually removed their Houston Rockets merchandise from their shelves to join the Chinese government in protest against the Rockets general manager’s seven-word tweet, which read: “Fight for Freedom.  Stand with Hong Kong.” And some of the NBA’s biggest players and owners, who routinely exercise their freedom to criticize this country, lose their voices when it comes to the freedom and rights of the people of China.  In siding with the Chinese Communist Party and silencing free speech, the NBA is acting like a wholly owned subsidiary of the authoritarian regime. A progressive corporate culture that willfully ignores the abuse of human rights is not progressive; it is repressive.  (Applause.) When American corporations, professional sports, pro athletes embrace censorship, it’s not just wrong; it’s un-American.  American corporations should stand up for American values here at home and around the world.  (Applause.) And Beijing’s economic and strategic actions, its attempts to shape American public opinion, prove out what I said a year ago and it’s just as true today: China wants a different American President, which is the ultimate proof that President Trump’s leadership is working. America’s economy is growing stronger by the day, and China’s economy is paying the price.  The President’s strategy is correct.  He’s fighting for the American people, for American jobs and American workers like no one has before.  And I promise you this administration will not stand down.  (Applause.) That said, the President has also made it clear the United States does not seek confrontation with China.  We seek a level playing field, open markets, fair trade, and a respect for our values. We are not seeking to contain China’s development.  We want a constructive relationship with China’s leaders, like we have enjoyed for generations with China’s people.  And if China will step forward and seize this unique moment in history to start anew by ending the trade practices that have taken advantage of the American people for far too long, I know President Donald Trump is ready and willing to begin that new future — (applause) — just as America has done in the past. When Deng Xiaoping’s “Reform and Opening” policy encouraged engagement and exchange with the outside world, the United States responded with open arms.  We welcomed China’s rise.  We celebrated the remarkable accomplishment of 600 million people lifting themselves out of poverty.  And America invested more than any other nation in China’s economic resurgence. The American people want better for the people of China.  But in pursuit of that end, we must take China as it is, not as we imagine or hope it might be someday. And people sometimes ask whether the Trump administration seeks to “de-couple” from China.  The answer is a resounding “no.”  The United States seeks engagement with China and China’s engagement with the wider world, but engagement in a manner consistent with fairness, mutual respect, and the international rules of commerce. But, so far, it appears the Chinese Communist Party continues to resist a true opening or a convergence with global norms. All that Beijing is doing today, from the Party’s great firewall in cyberspace or to that great wall of sand in the South China Sea, from their distrust of Hong Kong’s autonomy, or their repression of people of faith all demonstrate that it’s the Chinese Communist Party that has been “de-coupling” from the wider world for decades. President Xi himself, I’m told, said in a once-secret speech shortly after his rise as Party General Secretary that China must “conscientiously prepare for all aspects of long-term cooperation and struggle between the two social systems.”  He also told his colleagues at that time not to underestimate the resilience of the West.  And there was wisdom in those words. China should never underestimate the resilience of the freedom-loving people of America or the resolve of the President of the United States.  (Applause.)  China should know that the United States’ values run deep, that our commitment to these values remains as strong as it was for our Founding Fathers, and that there will never be a day when the bright light of democracy and freedom goes out in America.  (Applause.) America was born out of rebellion against repression and tyranny.  Our nation was founded, settled, and pioneered by men and women of extraordinary valor, rugged determination, faith, and fiery independence and an iron will.  And nothing has changed much in the centuries that have passed. Americans believe that all men and women are created equal and we’re endowed by our Creator with certain inalienable rights: life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. And nothing will change these beliefs.  (Applause.)  They are who we are.  They are who we will always be. And we will continue to believe that the values of democracy — of individual liberty, of freedom of religion and conscience, the rule of law — serve American and global interests because they are, and will ever be, the best form of government to unleash human aspirations and guide the relations between all the world’s nations and peoples. Despite the many challenges we face in the United States-China relationship, I can assure you that under the leadership of President Donald Trump, the United States will not allow these challenges to foreclose practical cooperation with China. We will continue to negotiate in good faith with China to bring about long-overdue structural reforms in our economic relationship.  And as I heard again from him this morning, President Trump remains optimistic that an agreement can be reached. We’ll continue to forge bonds between our two peoples through education, travel, and cultural exchange. China and the United States will also continue in a spirit of engagement to work together to secure the full, final, and verifiable denuclearization of North Korea. And we will seek greater cooperation on arms control and the enforcement of U.S. sanctions in the Persian Gulf. America will continue to seek a better relationship with China.  And as we do so, we will speak plainly, because this is a relationship that both the United States and China have to get right. America will continue to seek a fundamental restructuring of our relationship with China.  And under the leadership of President Donald Trump, America will stay the course.  The American people and their elected officials in both parties will stay resolved.  We will defend our interests.  We will defend our values.  And we will do so in a spirit of charity and good will for all.  (Applause.) President Trump has forged a strong personal relationship with President Xi.  And on that foundation, we will continue to look for ways to strengthen our relationship for the betterment of both of our peoples. And we fervently believe the United States and China can and must work to share a peaceful and prosperous future together.  But only honest dialogue and good-faith negotiations can make that future a reality. And so, as I closed my speech a year ago, so I close today: America is reaching out our hand to China.  And we hope that, soon, Beijing will reach back, this time with deeds, not words, and with renewed respect for America. There is an ancient Chinese proverb that reads, “Men see only the present, but Heaven sees the future.”  As we go forward, let us pursue a future of peace and prosperity with resolve and faith.  Faith in President Trump’s leadership and vision for our economy and our place in the world, and faith in the relationship that he has forged with President Xi of China and in the enduring friendship between the American people and the Chinese people.  And faith that Heaven sees the future — and by God’s grace, America and China will meet that future together. Thank you.  God bless you.  And God bless the United States of America.  (Applause.) END 12:28 P.M. EDT

Members in Congress Excerpts related to U.S. foreign policy 白宫 新闻秘书办公室 华盛顿特区 2019年2月5日 唐纳德·特朗普（Donald J. Trump）总统向美利坚合众国国会发表的 国情咨文讲话   美国外交政策部分摘录 众议院议长女士，副总统先生，国会议员们，美国第一夫人以及我的美国同胞们： 今晚，我们在一个潜力无限的时刻相聚。在我们新一届国会开始之际，我站在这里准备与你们合作，为全体美国人取得历史性突破。 *          *          *          * 本届政府已向国会提交了一项结束南部边境危机的符合常理的提案。 该提案包括人道主义援助、增加执法力量、我们入境口岸的毒品检测机制、堵住走私儿童的漏洞，以及计划建立一个新的实体屏障或围墙，以确保我们入境口岸之间的广大区域的安全。 *          *          *          * 为了巩固我们惊人的经济成功，一个至高无上的优先重点是：扭转数十年来灾难性的贸易政策。太糟糕了。 我们现在向中国表明，在多年攻击我们的行业和窃取我们的知识产权之后，盗取美国就业机会和财富的日子结束了。 因此，我们最近对价值2500亿美元的中国商品征收关税——现在我们的财政部正在得到数十亿、数十亿美元的资金。但我并不责怪中国占了我们的便宜——我要责怪我们的领导人和代表们允许这种滑稽剧发生。我非常尊重习主席，我们正在与中国商讨一项新的贸易协议。但这项协议必须包括真正的结构性改变，以结束不公平的贸易行为，减少我们长年的贸易逆差，并保护美国的就业机会。 *          *          *          * 我们新的《美国-墨西哥-加拿大协议》（USMCA）将取代《北美自由贸易协定》（NAFTA），给美国工人带来他们长期未曾得到过的好处。我希望你们能够通过《美国-墨西哥-加拿大协议》（USMCA）法案，使之成为法律，从而让我们可以将制造业的大量工作机会带回美国，扩大美国的农业，保护知识产权，并确保有更多的汽车骄傲地印上这四个美丽的字：美国制造。 今晚，我还要请你们通过《美国互惠贸易法案》（United States Reciprocal Trade Act），以便如果某个国家对美国的产品征收不公平关税，我们可以对他们出售给我们的相同产品征收完全相同的关税。 *          *          *          * 我的议程的最后一部分是保护美国国家安全。 在过去两年里，我们开始全面重建美国军队——去年的军事预算是7000亿美元，今年是7160亿美元。我们业已让其他国家支付它们应有的份额。多年以来，美国受到我们的朋友的非常不公平对待，受到北约（NATO）成员国的不公平对待，但现在我们已经让北约盟国增加了1000亿美元的国防开支。他们曾说这无法做到。 *          *          *          * 在本届政府的领导下，我们绝不会为推进美国的利益而道歉。 例如，美国在几十年前与苏联签订了一项条约，我们同意限制和减少我们的导弹能力。虽然我们在不折不扣地遵守协议和规则，俄罗斯却一再违反条约的规定。这种情况持续了很多年。正是因为这个原因，我宣布了美国正式退出《中程导弹条约》（Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treat，简称INF Treaty）。我们实在别无选择。 也许我们可以就一个不同的协议进行谈判，把中国和其他国家加入进来，也许我们无法做到——在这种情况下，我们将在投资与创新方面远远超过所有其他国家。 作为大胆新外交的一部分，我们继续对朝鲜半岛（Korean Peninsula）和平作出具有历史意义的推动。我们的人质已经返回，核试验已经停止，15个多月以来没有导弹发射。如果我没有当选美国总统的话，我认为我们现在会处于与北韩的一场重大战争中。还有很多工作要做，但我和金正恩（Kim Jong Un）有良好的关系。金委员长和我将于2月27日和28日在越南再次会晤。 两周前，美国正式承认委内瑞拉的合法政府及其新总统胡安·瓜伊多（Juan Guaido）。 我们与委内瑞拉人民站在一起，支持他们对自由的崇高追求——我们谴责马杜罗（Maduro）政权的残暴行径，他的社会主义政策把该国从南美洲最富有的国家变成了一贫如洗和充满绝望的国家。 *     *     *     * 我们面临的最复杂而且历时多年的挑战之一是在中东。 我们的方针是基于有原则的现实主义——而不是几十年来未带来进展的没有信誉的理论。正因为如此，本届政府承认以色列的真正首都——并骄傲地在耶路撒冷（Jerusalem）设立了美国大使馆。 我们勇敢的部队现在已经在中东作战将近19年。近7000名美国英雄在阿富汗和伊拉克献出了生命。52000多名美国人受重伤。我们在中东的战争中已经花费了超过7万亿美元。 作为总统候选人，我高声承诺采取一个新方针。伟大的国家不打无休止的战争。 我上任的时候，伊斯兰国组织（ISIS）在伊拉克和叙利亚控制了20000多平方英里地区，这仅仅就是在两年前。今天，我们从这些嗜血魔鬼手中解放了几乎所有那些地方。 随着我们与盟友合力摧毁ISIS的残渣余孽，现在是热烈欢迎我们在叙利亚的作战勇士回国的时候了。 我也加快了我们的谈判，以便在可能的情况下达成阿富汗问题的政治解决。对方也很高兴进行谈判。我们的部队作战英勇无比——由于他们的勇敢无畏，我们现在能够寻求一个可能的政治解决办法来结束这场长期的血腥冲突。 在阿富汗，本届政府正在与包括塔利班（Taliban）在内的一些阿富汗团体举行建设性的会谈。随着我们在谈判中获得进展，我们将能减少我们的驻军，把重点放在反恐，我们确实将把重点置于反恐。我们不知道是否能达成协议——但是我们确知，在20年战争后，现在至少是应该争取和平的时候了。对方也愿意这样做。 *     *     *     * 本届政府已采取果断行动，对抗世界主要的恐怖活动的国家支持者——伊朗的激进政权。这是一个激进的政权。他们恶迹累累。 为了确保这个腐败的独裁政权永远不会获得核武器，我将美国撤出了一败涂地的伊朗核协议。去年秋天，我们实施了我们有史以来针对一个国家的最严厉的制裁。 我们不会对一个呼喊“美国死亡”，并威胁对犹太民族实施种族灭绝的政权视而不见。我们绝不能忽视反犹太主义的恶毒，也不能忽视那些散布其恶毒信条的人。我们必须以同一个声音，在任何地方以及在这种仇恨出现的一切地方，与其对抗。 *          *          *          *

Remarks as prepared for delivery TO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES: Madam Speaker, Mr. Vice President, Members of Congress, the First Lady of the United States, and my fellow Americans: We meet tonight at a moment of unlimited potential.  As we begin a new Congress, I stand here ready to work with you to achieve historic breakthroughs for all Americans. Millions of our fellow citizens are watching us now, gathered in this great chamber, hoping that we will govern not as two parties but as one Nation. The agenda I will lay out this evening is not a Republican agenda or a Democrat agenda.  It is the agenda of the American people. Many of us campaigned on the same core promises:  to defend American jobs and demand fair trade for American workers; to rebuild and revitalize our Nation’s infrastructure; to reduce the price of healthcare and prescription drugs; to create an immigration system that is safe, lawful, modern and secure; and to pursue a foreign policy that puts America’s interests first. There is a new opportunity in American politics, if only we have the courage to seize it.  Victory is not winning for our party.  Victory is winning for our country. This year, America will recognize two important anniversaries that show us the majesty of America’s mission, and the power of American pride. In June, we mark 75 years since the start of what General Dwight D. Eisenhower called the Great Crusade — the Allied liberation of Europe in World War II.  On D-Day, June 6, 1944, 15,000 young American men jumped from the sky, and 60,000 more stormed in from the sea, to save our civilization from tyranny.  Here with us tonight are three of those heroes:  Private First Class Joseph Reilly, Staff Sergeant Irving Locker, and Sergeant Herman Zeitchik.  Gentlemen, we salute you. In 2019, we also celebrate 50 years since brave young pilots flew a quarter of a million miles through space to plant the American flag on the face of the moon.  Half a century later, we are joined by one of the Apollo 11 astronauts who planted that flag:  Buzz Aldrin.  This year, American astronauts will go back to space on American rockets. In the 20th century, America saved freedom, transformed science, and redefined the middle class standard of living for the entire world to see.  Now, we must step boldly and bravely into the next chapter of this great American adventure, and we must create a new standard of living for the 21st century.  An amazing quality of life for all of our citizens is within our reach. We can make our communities safer, our families stronger, our culture richer, our faith deeper, and our middle class bigger and more prosperous than ever before. But we must reject the politics of revenge, resistance, and retribution — and embrace the boundless potential of cooperation, compromise, and the common good. Together, we can break decades of political stalemate.  We can bridge old divisions, heal old wounds, build new coalitions, forge new solutions, and unlock the extraordinary promise of America’s future.  The decision is ours to make. We must choose between greatness or gridlock, results or resistance, vision or vengeance, incredible progress or pointless destruction. Tonight, I ask you to choose greatness. Over the last 2 years, my Administration has moved with urgency and historic speed to confront problems neglected by leaders of both parties over many decades. In just over 2 years since the election, we have launched an unprecedented economic boom — a boom that has rarely been seen before.  We have created 5.3 million new jobs and importantly added 600,000 new manufacturing jobs — something which almost everyone said was impossible to do, but the fact is, we are just getting started. Wages are rising at the fastest pace in decades, and growing for blue collar workers, who I promised to fight for, faster than anyone else.  Nearly 5 million Americans have been lifted off food stamps.  The United States economy is growing almost twice as fast today as when I took office, and we are considered far and away the hottest economy anywhere in the world.  Unemployment has reached the lowest rate in half a century. African-American, Hispanic-American and Asian-American unemployment have all reached their lowest levels ever recorded. Unemployment for Americans with disabilities has also reached an all-time low.  More people are working now than at any time in our history –- 157 million. We passed a massive tax cut for working families and doubled the child tax credit. We virtually ended the estate, or death, tax on small businesses, ranches, and family farms. We eliminated the very unpopular Obamacare individual mandate penalty — and to give critically ill patients access to life-saving cures, we passed right to try. My Administration has cut more regulations in a short time than any other administration during its entire tenure.  Companies are coming back to our country in large numbers thanks to historic reductions in taxes and regulations. We have unleashed a revolution in American energy — the United States is now the number one producer of oil and natural gas in the world.  And now, for the first time in 65 years, we are a net exporter of energy. After 24 months of rapid progress, our economy is the envy of the world, our military is the most powerful on earth, and America is winning each and every day.   Members of Congress:  the State of our Union is strong.  Our country is vibrant and our economy is thriving like never before. On Friday, it was announced that we added another 304,000 jobs last month alone — almost double what was expected.  An economic miracle is taking place in the United States — and the only thing that can stop it are foolish wars, politics, or ridiculous partisan investigations. If there is going to be peace and legislation, there cannot be war and investigation.  It just doesn’t work that way! We must be united at home to defeat our adversaries abroad. This new era of cooperation can start with finally confirming the more than 300 highly qualified nominees who are still stuck in the Senate – some after years of waiting.  The Senate has failed to act on these nominations, which is unfair to the nominees and to our country. Now is the time for bipartisan action.  Believe it or not, we have already proven that it is possible. In the last Congress, both parties came together to pass unprecedented legislation to confront the opioid crisis, a sweeping new Farm Bill, historic VA reforms, and after four decades of rejection, we passed VA Accountability so we can finally terminate those who mistreat our wonderful veterans. And just weeks ago, both parties united for groundbreaking criminal justice reform.  Last year, I heard through friends the story of Alice Johnson.  I was deeply moved.  In 1997, Alice was sentenced to life in prison as a first-time non-violent drug offender.  Over the next two decades, she became a prison minister, inspiring others to choose a better path.  She had a big impact on that prison population — and far beyond. Alice’s story underscores the disparities and unfairness that can exist in criminal sentencing — and the need to remedy this injustice.  She served almost 22 years and had expected to be in prison for the rest of her life. In June, I commuted Alice’s sentence — and she is here with us tonight.  Alice, thank you for reminding us that we always have the power to shape our own destiny. When I saw Alice’s beautiful family greet her at the prison gates, hugging and kissing and crying and laughing, I knew I did the right thing. Inspired by stories like Alice’s, my Administration worked closely with members of both parties to sign the First Step Act into law.  This legislation reformed sentencing laws that have wrongly and disproportionately harmed the African-American community.  The First Step Act gives non-violent offenders the chance to re-enter society as productive, law-abiding citizens. Now, States across the country are following our lead.  America is a Nation that believes in redemption. We are also joined tonight by Matthew Charles from Tennessee.  In 1996, at age 30, Matthew was sentenced to 35 years for selling drugs and related offenses.  Over the next two decades, he completed more than 30 Bible studies, became a law clerk, and mentored fellow inmates.  Now, Matthew is the very first person to be released from prison under the First Step Act.  Matthew, on behalf of all Americans:  welcome home. As we have seen, when we are united, we can make astonishing strides for our country.  Now, Republicans and Democrats must join forces again to confront an urgent national crisis. The Congress has 10 days left to pass a bill that will fund our Government, protect our homeland, and secure our southern border. Now is the time for the Congress to show the world that America is committed to ending illegal immigration and putting the ruthless coyotes, cartels, drug dealers, and human traffickers out of business. As we speak, large, organized caravans are on the march to the United States.  We have just heard that Mexican cities, in order to remove the illegal immigrants from their communities, are getting trucks and buses to bring them up to our country in areas where there is little border protection.  I have ordered another 3,750 troops to our southern border to prepare for the tremendous onslaught. This is a moral issue.  The lawless state of our southern border is a threat to the safety, security, and financial well‑being of all Americans.  We have a moral duty to create an immigration system that protects the lives and jobs of our citizens.  This includes our obligation to the millions of immigrants living here today, who followed the rules and respected our laws.  Legal immigrants enrich our Nation and strengthen our society in countless ways.  I want people to come into our country, but they have to come in legally. Tonight, I am asking you to defend our very dangerous southern border out of love and devotion to our fellow citizens and to our country. No issue better illustrates the divide between America’s working class and America’s political class than illegal immigration.  Wealthy politicians and donors push for open borders while living their lives behind walls and gates and guards. Meanwhile, working class Americans are left to pay the price for mass illegal migration — reduced jobs, lower wages, overburdened schools and hospitals, increased crime, and a depleted social safety net. Tolerance for illegal immigration is not compassionate — it is cruel.  One in three women is sexually assaulted on the long journey north.  Smugglers use migrant children as human pawns to exploit our laws and gain access to our country. Human traffickers and sex traffickers take advantage of the wide open areas between our ports of entry to smuggle thousands of young girls and women into the United States and to sell them into prostitution and modern-day slavery. Tens of thousands of innocent Americans are killed by lethal drugs that cross our border and flood into our cities — including meth, heroin, cocaine, and fentanyl. The savage gang, MS-13, now operates in 20 different American States, and they almost all come through our southern border.  Just yesterday, an MS-13 gang member was taken into custody for a fatal shooting on a subway platform in New York City.  We are removing these gang members by the thousands, but until we secure our border they’re going to keep streaming back in. Year after year, countless Americans are murdered by criminal illegal aliens. I’ve gotten to know many wonderful Angel Moms, Dads, and families – no one should ever have to suffer the horrible heartache they have endured. Here tonight is Debra Bissell.  Just three weeks ago, Debra’s parents, Gerald and Sharon, were burglarized and shot to death in their Reno, Nevada, home by an illegal alien.  They were in their eighties and are survived by four children, 11 grandchildren, and 20 great-grandchildren.  Also here tonight are Gerald and Sharon’s granddaughter, Heather, and great‑granddaughter, Madison. To Debra, Heather, Madison, please stand:  few can understand your pain.  But I will never forget, and I will fight for the memory of Gerald and Sharon, that it should never happen again. Not one more American life should be lost because our Nation failed to control its very dangerous border. In the last 2 years, our brave ICE officers made 266,000 arrests of criminal aliens, including those charged or convicted of nearly 100,000 assaults, 30,000 sex crimes, and 4,000 killings. We are joined tonight by one of those law enforcement heroes:  ICE Special Agent Elvin Hernandez.  When Elvin was a boy, he and his family legally immigrated to the United States from the Dominican Republic.  At the age of eight, Elvin told his dad he wanted to become a Special Agent.  Today, he leads investigations into the scourge of international sex trafficking.  Elvin says:  “If I can make sure these young girls get their justice, I’ve done my job.”  Thanks to his work and that of his colleagues, more than 300 women and girls have been rescued from horror and more than 1,500 sadistic traffickers have been put behind bars in the last year. Special Agent Hernandez, please stand:  We will always support the brave men and women of Law Enforcement — and I pledge to you tonight that we will never abolish our heroes from ICE. My Administration has sent to the Congress a commonsense proposal to end the crisis on our southern border. It includes humanitarian assistance, more law enforcement, drug detection at our ports, closing loopholes that enable child smuggling, and plans for a new physical barrier, or wall, to secure the vast areas between our ports of entry.  In the past, most of the people in this room voted for a wall — but the proper wall never got built.  I’ll get it built. This is a smart, strategic, see-through steel barrier — not just a simple concrete wall.  It will be deployed in the areas identified by border agents as having the greatest need, and as these agents will tell you, where walls go up, illegal crossings go way down. San Diego used to have the most illegal border crossings in the country.  In response, and at the request of San Diego residents and political leaders, a strong security wall was put in place.  This powerful barrier almost completely ended illegal crossings. The border city of El Paso, Texas, used to have extremely high rates of violent crime — one of the highest in the country, and considered one of our Nation’s most dangerous cities.  Now, with a powerful barrier in place, El Paso is one of our safest cities. Simply put, walls work and walls save lives.  So let’s work together, compromise, and reach a deal that will truly make America safe. As we work to defend our people’s safety, we must also ensure our economic resurgence continues at a rapid pace. No one has benefitted more from our thriving economy than women, who have filled 58 percent of the new jobs created in the last year.  All Americans can be proud that we have more women in the workforce than ever before — and exactly one century after the Congress passed the Constitutional amendment giving women the right to vote, we also have more women serving in the Congress than ever before. As part of our commitment to improving opportunity for women everywhere, this Thursday we are launching the first ever Government-wide initiative focused on economic empowerment for women in developing countries. To build on our incredible economic success, one priority is paramount — reversing decades of calamitous trade policies. We are now making it clear to China that after years of targeting our industries, and stealing our intellectual property, the theft of American jobs and wealth has come to an end. Therefore, we recently imposed tariffs on $250 billion of Chinese goods — and now our Treasury is receiving billions of dollars a month from a country that never gave us a dime.  But I don’t blame China for taking advantage of us — I blame our leaders and representatives for allowing this travesty to happen.  I have great respect for President Xi, and we are now working on a new trade deal with China.  But it must include real, structural change to end unfair trade practices, reduce our chronic trade deficit, and protect American jobs. Another historic trade blunder was the catastrophe known as NAFTA. I have met the men and women of Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Indiana, New Hampshire, and many other States whose dreams were shattered by NAFTA.  For years, politicians promised them they would negotiate for a better deal.  But no one ever tried — until now. Our new U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement — or USMCA — will replace NAFTA and deliver for American workers:  bringing back our manufacturing jobs, expanding American agriculture, protecting intellectual property, and ensuring that more cars are proudly stamped with four beautiful words:  made in the USA. Tonight, I am also asking you to pass the United States Reciprocal Trade Act, so that if another country places an unfair tariff on an American product, we can charge them the exact same tariff on the same product that they sell to us. Both parties should be able to unite for a great rebuilding of America’s crumbling infrastructure. I know that the Congress is eager to pass an infrastructure bill — and I am eager to work with you on legislation to deliver new and important infrastructure investment, including investments in the cutting edge industries of the future.  This is not an option.  This is a necessity. The next major priority for me, and for all of us, should be to lower the cost of healthcare and prescription drugs — and to protect patients with pre-existing conditions. Already, as a result of my Administration’s efforts, in 2018 drug prices experienced their single largest decline in 46 years. But we must do more.  It is unacceptable that Americans pay vastly more than people in other countries for the exact same drugs, often made in the exact same place.  This is wrong, unfair, and together we can stop it. I am asking the Congress to pass legislation that finally takes on the problem of global freeloading and delivers fairness and price transparency for American patients.  We should also require drug companies, insurance companies, and hospitals to disclose real prices to foster competition and bring costs down. No force in history has done more to advance the human condition than American freedom.  In recent years we have made remarkable progress in the fight against HIV and AIDS.  Scientific breakthroughs have brought a once-distant dream within reach.  My budget will ask Democrats and Republicans to make the needed commitment to eliminate the HIV epidemic in the United States within 10 years.  Together, we will defeat AIDS in America. Tonight, I am also asking you to join me in another fight that all Americans can get behind:  the fight against childhood cancer. Joining Melania in the gallery this evening is a very brave 10-year-old girl, Grace Eline.  Every birthday since she was 4, Grace asked her friends to donate to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital.  She did not know that one day she might be a patient herself.  Last year, Grace was diagnosed with brain cancer.  Immediately, she began radiation treatment.  At the same time, she rallied her community and raised more than $40,000 for the fight against cancer.  When Grace completed treatment last fall, her doctors and nurses cheered with tears in their eyes as she hung up a poster that read:  “Last Day of Chemo.”  Grace — you are an inspiration to us all. Many childhood cancers have not seen new therapies in decades.  My budget will ask the Congress for $500 million over the next 10 years to fund this critical life-saving research. To help support working parents, the time has come to pass school choice for America’s children.  I am also proud to be the first President to include in my budget a plan for nationwide paid family leave — so that every new parent has the chance to bond with their newborn child. There could be no greater contrast to the beautiful image of a mother holding her infant child than the chilling displays our Nation saw in recent days.  Lawmakers in New York cheered with delight upon the passage of legislation that would allow a baby to be ripped from the mother’s womb moments before birth.  These are living, feeling, beautiful babies who will never get the chance to share their love and dreams with the world.  And then, we had the case of the Governor of Virginia where he basically stated he would execute a baby after birth. To defend the dignity of every person, I am asking the Congress to pass legislation to prohibit the late-term abortion of children who can feel pain in the mother’s womb. Let us work together to build a culture that cherishes innocent life.  And let us reaffirm a fundamental truth:  all children — born and unborn — are made in the holy image of God. The final part of my agenda is to protect America’s National Security. Over the last 2 years, we have begun to fully rebuild the United States Military — with $700 billion last year and $716 billion this year.  We are also getting other nations to pay their fair share.  For years, the United States was being treated very unfairly by NATO — but now we have secured a $100 billion increase in defense spending from NATO allies. As part of our military build-up, the United States is developing a state-of-the-art Missile Defense System. Under my Administration, we will never apologize for advancing America’s interests. For example, decades ago the United States entered into a treaty with Russia in which we agreed to limit and reduce our missile capabilities.  While we followed the agreement to the letter, Russia repeatedly violated its terms.  That is why I announced that the United States is officially withdrawing from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, or INF Treaty. Perhaps we can negotiate a different agreement, adding China and others, or perhaps we can’t –- in which case, we will outspend and out-innovate all others by far. As part of a bold new diplomacy, we continue our historic push for peace on the Korean Peninsula.  Our hostages have come home, nuclear testing has stopped, and there has not been a missile launch in 15 months.  If I had not been elected President of the United States, we would right now, in my opinion, be in a major war with North Korea with potentially millions of people killed.  Much work remains to be done, but my relationship with Kim Jong Un is a good one.  And Chairman Kim and I will meet again on February 27 and 28 in Vietnam. Two weeks ago, the United States officially recognized the legitimate government of Venezuela, and its new interim President, Juan Guaido. We stand with the Venezuelan people in their noble quest for freedom — and we condemn the brutality of the Maduro regime, whose socialist policies have turned that nation from being the wealthiest in South America into a state of abject poverty and despair. Here, in the United States, we are alarmed by new calls to adopt socialism in our country.  America was founded on liberty and independence –- not government coercion, domination, and control.  We are born free, and we will stay free.  Tonight, we renew our resolve that America will never be a socialist country. One of the most complex set of challenges we face is in the Middle East. Our approach is based on principled realism — not discredited theories that have failed for decades to yield progress.  For this reason, my Administration recognized the true capital of Israel — and proudly opened the American Embassy in Jerusalem. Our brave troops have now been fighting in the Middle East for almost 19 years.  In Afghanistan and Iraq, nearly 7,000 American heroes have given their lives.  More than 52,000 Americans have been badly wounded.  We have spent more than $7 trillion in the Middle East. As a candidate for President, I pledged a new approach.  Great nations do not fight endless wars. When I took office, ISIS controlled more than 20,000 square miles in Iraq and Syria.  Today, we have liberated virtually all of that territory from the grip of these bloodthirsty killers. Now, as we work with our allies to destroy the remnants of ISIS, it is time to give our brave warriors in Syria a warm welcome home. I have also accelerated our negotiations to reach a political settlement in Afghanistan.  Our troops have fought with unmatched valor — and thanks to their bravery, we are now able to pursue a political solution to this long and bloody conflict. In Afghanistan, my Administration is holding constructive talks with a number of Afghan groups, including the Taliban.  As we make progress in these negotiations, we will be able to reduce our troop presence and focus on counter-terrorism.  We do not know whether we will achieve an agreement — but we do know that after two decades of war, the hour has come to at least try for peace. Above all, friend and foe alike must never doubt this Nation’s power and will to defend our people.  Eighteen years ago, terrorists attacked the USS Cole — and last month American forces killed one of the leaders of the attack. We are honored to be joined tonight by Tom Wibberley, whose son, Navy Seaman Craig Wibberley, was one of the 17 sailors we tragically lost.  Tom:  we vow to always remember the heroes of the USS Cole. My Administration has acted decisively to confront the world’s leading state sponsor of terror: the radical regime in Iran. To ensure this corrupt dictatorship never acquires nuclear weapons, I withdrew the United States from the disastrous Iran nuclear deal.  And last fall, we put in place the toughest sanctions ever imposed on a country. We will not avert our eyes from a regime that chants death to America and threatens genocide against the Jewish people.  We must never ignore the vile poison of anti-Semitism, or those who spread its venomous creed.  With one voice, we must confront this hatred anywhere and everywhere it occurs. Just months ago, 11 Jewish-Americans were viciously murdered in an anti-semitic attack on the Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh.  SWAT Officer Timothy Matson raced into the gunfire and was shot seven times chasing down the killer.  Timothy has just had his 12th surgery — but he made the trip to be here with us tonight.  Officer Matson:  we are forever grateful for your courage in the face of evil. Tonight, we are also joined by Pittsburgh survivor Judah Samet.  He arrived at the synagogue as the massacre began.  But not only did Judah narrowly escape death last fall — more than seven decades ago, he narrowly survived the Nazi concentration camps.  Today is Judah’s 81st birthday.  Judah says he can still remember the exact moment, nearly 75 years ago, after 10 months in a concentration camp, when he and his family were put on a train, and told they were going to another camp.  Suddenly the train screeched to a halt.  A soldier appeared.  Judah’s family braced for the worst.  Then, his father cried out with joy:  “It’s the Americans.” A second Holocaust survivor who is here tonight, Joshua Kaufman, was a prisoner at Dachau Concentration Camp. He remembers watching through a hole in the wall of a cattle car as American soldiers rolled in with tanks.  “To me,” Joshua recalls, “the American soldiers were proof that God exists, and they came down from the sky.” I began this evening by honoring three soldiers who fought on D-Day in the Second World War. One of them was Herman Zeitchik.  But there is more to Herman’s story.  A year after he stormed the beaches of Normandy, Herman was one of those American soldiers who helped liberate Dachau.  He was one of the Americans who helped rescue Joshua from that hell on earth.  Almost 75 years later, Herman and Joshua are both together in the gallery tonight — seated side-by-side, here in the home of American freedom.  Herman and Joshua:  your presence this evening honors and uplifts our entire Nation. When American soldiers set out beneath the dark skies over the English Channel in the early hours of D-Day, 1944, they were just young men of 18 and 19, hurtling on fragile landing craft toward the most momentous battle in the history of war. They did not know if they would survive the hour.  They did not know if they would grow old.  But they knew that America had to prevail.  Their cause was this Nation, and generations yet unborn. Why did they do it?  They did it for America — they did it for us. Everything that has come since — our triumph over communism, our giant leaps of science and discovery, our unrivaled progress toward equality and justice — all of it is possible thanks to the blood and tears and courage and vision of the Americans who came before. Think of this Capitol — think of this very chamber, where lawmakers before you voted to end slavery, to build the railroads and the highways, to defeat fascism, to secure civil rights, to face down an evil empire. Here tonight, we have legislators from across this magnificent republic.  You have come from the rocky shores of Maine and the volcanic peaks of Hawaii; from the snowy woods of Wisconsin and the red deserts of Arizona; from the green farms of Kentucky and the golden beaches of California.  Together, we represent the most extraordinary Nation in all of history. What will we do with this moment?  How will we be remembered? I ask the men and women of this Congress:  Look at the opportunities before us!  Our most thrilling achievements are still ahead.  Our most exciting journeys still await.  Our biggest victories are still to come.  We have not yet begun to dream. We must choose whether we are defined by our differences — or whether we dare to transcend them. We must choose whether we will squander our inheritance — or whether we will proudly declare that we are Americans.  We do the incredible.  We defy the impossible.  We conquer the unknown. This is the time to re-ignite the American imagination.  This is the time to search for the tallest summit, and set our sights on the brightest star.  This is the time to rekindle the bonds of love and loyalty and memory that link us together as citizens, as neighbors, as patriots. This is our future — our fate — and our choice to make. I am asking you to choose greatness. No matter the trials we face, no matter the challenges to come, we must go forward together. We must keep America first in our hearts.  We must keep freedom alive in our souls.  And we must always keep faith in America’s destiny — that one Nation, under God, must be the hope and the promise and the light and the glory among all the nations of the world! Thank you.  God Bless You, God Bless America, and good night!

PRESIDENT DONALD J. TRUMP IS PROTECTING AMERICA FROM CHINA’S EFFORTS TO STEAL TECHNOLOGY AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 白宫 新闻秘书办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区（Washington, D.C.） 2020年5月29日 总统唐纳德·特朗普（DONALD J. TRUMP）保护美国防范中国盗窃技术和知识产权的行为 “保护作为我国驱动力的创新、创造和发明对我们的经济繁荣和国家安全至关重要。”— 总统唐纳德·特朗普 保障国家安全：唐纳德·特朗普解除中国利用研究生盗窃美国知识产权和技术的能力 O 受到影响是已被支持中国军民融合战略的中国实体雇用，或已在有关实体从事学习或研究的学生。 维护美国的优势：特朗普总统要求保障我们的国家仍然在军事和技术领域占优势地位 对中国持续施加压力：特朗普总统一贯要求防止中国利用美国来达到利己的目的。今天的行动是最新的一个事例。

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 29, 2020 “Protecting the innovations, creations, and inventions that power our country are vital to our economic prosperity and national security.” – President Donald J. Trump SAFEGUARDING NATIONAL SECURITY: President Donald J. Trump is dismantling China’s ability to use graduate students to steal intellectual property and technology from the United States. PRESERVING AMERICAN SUPERIORITY: President Trump is ensuring that our Nation remains militarily and technologically dominant. KEEPING PERSISTENT PRESSURE ON CHINA: Today’s action is the latest example of President Trump’s commitment to preventing China from taking advantage of the United States. Unsubscribe The White House · 1600 Pennsylvania Ave NW · Washington, DC 20500-0003 · USA · 202-456-1111

2020年8月7日美国东部夏令时间上午10:56 迈克尔·R·蓬佩奧国务卿 中国共产党已经明确表示，香港将永不再享有北京自己曾对香港人民和英国承诺的五十年高度自治。特朗普总统已经明确表示，美国将因此将香港作为“一国一制”对待，并对破坏香港人民自由的个人采取行动。 今天，美国根据第13936号行政命令将11人列为制裁对象。其中包括：林郑月娥、郑若骅、曾国卫、郑雁雄、陈国基、李家超、邓炳强，理由是他们在“中华人民共和国香港维护国家安全法”的权威下，在胁迫、逮捕、拘押或监禁个人方面所扮演的角色，或者是在制定、采用或实施“中华人民共和国香港维护国家安全法”方面负有责任或涉及其中。该法据称是为“维护”香港的安全而颁布，实则是中共打压香港民主的工具。 该行动包括将夏宝龙、张晓明、骆惠宁列为参与威胁香港和平、安全、稳定、自治的行动或政策之实体的领导人或官员。卢伟聪亦因其是或曾是某实体(包括任何政府实体)的领导人或官员之外国人士而被列为制裁对象，而该实体参与过，或有成员参与过与香港相关的审查或其他活动。这些活动对香港公民行使表达或集会的自由加以禁止、限制或惩罚，或是限制接触自由且独立的印刷、网络或广播媒体。 今天的行动发出了明确的信息：香港当局的行动是不可接受的，并且违反了中华人民共和国在“一国两制”及在联合国备案的条约《中英联合声明》下所作承诺。 美国与香港人民站在一起。更多信息请见美国财政部新闻稿：https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1088

08/07/2020 10:56 AM EDT Michael R. Pompeo, Secretary of State The Chinese Communist Party has made clear that Hong Kong will never again enjoy the high degree of autonomy that Beijing itself promised to the Hong Kong people and the United Kingdom for 50 years. President Trump has made clear that the United States will therefore treat Hong Kong as “one country, one system,” and take action against individuals who have crushed the Hong Kong people’s freedoms. Today, the United States designates 11 individuals pursuant to Executive Order (E.O.) 13936. These individuals include Carrie Lam, Teresa Cheng, Erick Tsang, Zheng Yanxiong, Eric Chan, John Lee Ka-chiu, and Chris Tang, for their roles in coercing, arresting, detaining, or imprisoning individuals under the authority of, or having been responsible for or involved in developing, adopting, or implementing, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in Hong Kong. This law, purportedly enacted to “safeguard” the security of Hong Kong, is in fact a tool of CCP repression. This action includes designations of Xia Baolong, Zhang Xiaoming, and Luo Huining for being leaders or officials of an entity engaged in actions or policies that threaten the peace, security, stability, or autonomy of Hong Kong. Stephen Lo was also designated for being a foreign person who is or has been a leader or official of an entity, including any government entity, that has engaged in, or whose members have engaged in censorship or other activities with respect to Hong Kong that prohibit, limit, or penalize the exercise of freedom of expression or assembly by citizens of Hong Kong, or that limit access to free and independent print, online or broadcast media. Today’s actions send a clear message that the Hong Kong authorities’ actions are unacceptable and in contravention of the PRC’s commitments under “one country, two systems” and the Sino-British Joint Declaration, a UN-registered treaty. The United States stands with the Hong Kong people. For more information, please see the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s press release: https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1088.

The Department of Treasury 1789 Seal 新闻稿： 财政部将中国列为汇率操纵国 2019年8月5日 华盛顿 – 1988年《综合贸易与竞争法》要求财政部长分析其他国家的汇率政策。根据该法第3004条款，财政部长必须“思考各国是否操纵他们的货币兑美元的汇率以期阻止收支平衡的有效调整或在国际贸易中获得不公平的竞争优势”。在特朗普总统的支持下，财政部长马努钦今日做出了中国为汇率操纵国的决定。 因为这一决定，财政部长马努钦将与国际货币基金组织一道消除中国最新的举动造成的不公平的竞争优势。

Washington – The Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 requires the Secretary of the Treasury to analyze the exchange rate policies of other countries. Under Section 3004 of the Act, the Secretary must “consider whether countries manipulate the rate of exchange between their currency and the United States dollar for purposes of preventing effective balance of payments adjustments or gaining unfair competitive advantage in international trade.” Secretary Mnuchin, under the auspices of President Trump, has today determined that China is a Currency Manipulator. As a result of this determination, Secretary Mnuchin will engage with the International Monetary Fund to eliminate the unfair competitive advantage created by China’s latest actions. As noted in the most recent Report to Congress on the Macroeconomic and Foreign Exchange Policies of Major Trading Partners of the United States (“FX Report”), China has a long history of facilitating an undervalued currency through protracted, large-scale intervention in the foreign exchange market. In recent days, China has taken concrete steps to devalue its currency, while maintaining substantial foreign exchange reserves despite active use of such tools in the past. The context of these actions and the implausibility of China’s market stability rationale confirm that the purpose of China’s currency devaluation is to gain an unfair competitive advantage in international trade. The Chinese authorities have acknowledged that they have a36mple control over the RMB exchange rate. In a statement today, the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) noted that it “has accumulated rich experience and policy tools, and will continue to innovate and enrich the control toolbox, and take necessary and targeted measures against the positive feedback behavior that may occur in the foreign exchange market.” This is an open acknowledgement by the PBOC that it has extensive experience manipulating its currency and remains prepared to do so on an ongoing basis. This pattern of actions is also a violation of China’s G20 commitments to refrain from competitive devaluation.  As highlighted in the FX Report, Treasury places significant importance on China adhering to its G-20 commitments to refrain from engaging in competitive devaluation and to not target China’s exchange rate for competitive purposes. Treasury continues to urge China to enhance the transparency of China’s exchange rate and reserve management operations and goals.

Acting Secretary Shanahan Meeting With Southeast Asian Counterparts 国防部发言人戴夫·伊斯特伯恩中校提供了以下简报： 代理国防部长帕特里克·M·沙纳汉今日在新加坡香格里拉对话的边际会议上与来自东南亚各地的部长和代表团团长举行了会晤，讨论美国对于印度-太平洋地区的愿景和战略，并聆听他们有关安全挑战和增进合作机会的看法。 沙纳汉代理部长与部长们和代表们就地区安全问题热烈地交换了意见，重点关注了反恐与海上安全合作。与会者欢迎美国在该地区强有力的参与，并表达了对于美国–东盟合作的赞赏，尤其是即将按计划于今年晚些时候举行的美国–东盟海上演习（AUMX）。沙纳汉部长重申支持东盟的中心地位，以及美国推动自由开放的印太地区的愿景，该愿景保障以规则为基础的国际秩序，使每一个声音都得到倾听和尊重。 部长们强调了东盟以一个声音说话的重要性，欢迎继续在东盟国防部长扩大会议（ADMM Plus）框架内促进务实防务合作的进展，并期待在今年11月举行第七届ADMM-Plus。

Secretary of Defense Spokesperson LTC Dave Eastburn provided the following readout: Acting Secretary of Defense Patrick M. Shanahan met today with ministers and heads of delegation from across Southeast Asia on the sidelines of the Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore to discuss the United States’ vision and strategy for the Indo-Pacific region and to listen to their perspectives on security challenges and opportunities for increased cooperation. Acting Secretary Shanahan had a robust exchange of views with the ministers and representatives on regional security issues, focusing on counterterrorism and maritime security cooperation.  Participants welcomed strong U.S. engagement in the region and expressed appreciation for U.S.-ASEAN cooperation, particularly the upcoming U.S.-ASEAN Maritime Exercise (AUMX) planned for later this year.  Secretary Shanahan reaffirmed support for ASEAN centrality and the U.S. vision for a free and open Indo-Pacific that safeguards the rules-based international order in which every voice is heard and respected. The Ministers highlighted the importance of ASEAN speaking with one voice, welcomed continued progress in fostering practical defense cooperation within the ASEAN Defense Ministers’ Meeting Plus (ADMM Plus) framework, and looked forward to the conduct of the seventh ADMM-Plus in November of this year.

白宫 华盛顿特区 2022年3月8日 拜登总统在国际妇女节的声明 在国际妇女节（International Women’s Day）到来之际，我们彰显美国和全球各地妇女和女孩子们的成就，庆祝我们取得的进步，并再次承诺将努力完成未竟的使命，让所有妇女和女童充分享有她们应有的公平、尊严和机会。 每个人都应不受性别和其他因素影响地有机会充分实现自己的天赋潜力。让每位妇女和女童享有这一机会不仅是应该的，而且也是促进我们国家和世界繁荣、稳定和安全的战略必须。然而，有太多时候和在太多地方，妇女和女童面对障碍重重，限制她们的可能性，妨碍她们参与到经济、政治和社会中来。新冠疫情暴露并加剧了这些障碍，使妇女劳动力的参与受到格外大的影响，加重了有酬和无酬护理人员的负担，并出现了更多基于性别的暴力事件。 改善妇女和女孩子的地位会加强经济，民主和社会的各方各面。正因为如此，我将性别公平作为本政府的基石之一，一年前上任后不久便成立了白宫性别政策委员会（White House Gender Policy Council）。正因为如此，我们发布了有史以来第一部《性别公平与平等国家战略》（National Strategy on Gender Equity and Equality）——它是一项通过国内政策和外交政策为妇女和家庭提供支持的宏大议程。正因为如此，我们投资于托儿服务并通过《美国救助计划》（American Rescue Plan）支持妇女的经济机会；努力争取重新授权和加强《防止对妇女暴力法》（Violence Against Women Act）；通过对军队司法系统的全面改革，处理军中的性攻击危害；签署了《结束强迫仲裁性攻击和性骚扰案法案》（Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act），使之成为法律；发起了保护生育权利的全政府努力；促进妇女参与预防和解决冲突和实现稳定与安全；并且成立了性别公平与平等行动基金（Gender Equity and Equality Action Fund），以在全球促进妇女的经济安全保障。正因为如此，我的2023年预算让我感到骄傲，它要求为在全球促进性别平等的外援项目拨款26亿美元，达到去年针对性别项目要求拨款的一倍。 让我们在今天和在每一天都认识到，当妇女和女孩子能够充分发挥出她们的潜力时，我们所有人都有更美好的未来——让我们齐心协力，为促进使所有人享有尊严、平等和无限的可能而再接再厉。 ### 欲查看原稿内容:  https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/03/08/statement-by-president-joe-biden-on-international-womens-day/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

Statement by President Joe Biden on International Women’s Day MARCH 08, 2022•STATEMENTS AND RELEASES On International Women’s Day, we recognize the achievements of women and girls in the United States and across the globe, celebrate the progress we’ve made, and recommit ourselves to the work that remains to deliver the full measure of equity, dignity, and opportunity due to all women and girls. Every person deserves the chance to live up to their full God-given potential, without regard for gender or other factors.  Ensuring that every woman and girl has that chance isn’t just the right thing to do — it’s also a strategic imperative that advances the prosperity, stability, and security of our nation and the world.  Yet too often, in too many places, women and girls face obstacles that limit their possibilities and undermine their participation in economic, political, and social life.  These barriers have been exposed and exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which disproportionately affected women’s labor force participation, elevated the burden on both paid and unpaid caregivers, and increased the incidence of gender-based violence. Improving the status of women and girls strengthens economies, democracies, and societies across the board.  That’s why I made gender equity a cornerstone of my Administration by creating the White House Gender Policy Council shortly after taking office a year ago.  It’s why we issued the first-ever National Strategy on Gender Equity and Equality — an ambitious agenda to support women and families through both domestic and foreign policy.  It’s why we’ve invested in child care and supported women’s economic opportunity through the American Rescue Plan; fought to reauthorize and strengthen the Violence Against Women Act; addressed the scourge of sexual assault in the military through sweeping military justice reforms; signed the Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act into law; launched a whole-of-government effort to protect reproductive rights; advanced women’s participation in conflict prevention and resolution, stability and security; and created a Gender Equity and Equality Action Fund to promote the economic security of women around the world.   And it’s why I’m proud that my FY 2023 Budget will request $2.6 billion for foreign assistance programs that promote gender equality worldwide, more than doubling the amount requested for gender programs last year. On this day and every day, let us recognize that all of us have a better future when women and girls can reach their full potential — and together, let’s renew our efforts to advance dignity, equality, and limitless possibilities for all. ###

会后汇报 2022年11月22日 五角大楼新闻秘书帕特里克·莱德准将（Brig. Gen. Pat Ryder ）提供的会后汇报如下： 国防部长劳埃德·J·奥斯汀今天与中华人民共和国国防部长魏凤和将军，于柬埔寨暹粒举行的东南亚国家联盟国防部长扩大会议之际，进行了场边会晤。奥斯汀部长和魏将军讨论了美国与中华人民共和国的防务关系，以及地区和全球安全议题。奥斯汀部长强调，需要负责任地管理竞争并保持沟通渠道畅通。 部长还讨论了就降低战略风险、改善危机沟通，以及加强行动安全开展实质性对话的重要性。他就中国人民解放军飞机在印太地区表现出的愈发危险的行为提出了关切，该行为增加发生意外的风险。部长还申明，美国将继续在国际法允许的任何地方进行飞行、航行和行动。 奥斯汀部长讨论了俄罗斯无端对乌克兰发动的战争，并强调美国和中华人民共和国双方可以如何反对使用或威胁使用核武器。奥斯汀部长还就近来朝鲜民主主义人民共和国（朝鲜）进行的挑衅表达了关切，并呼吁中华人民共和国全面执行联合国安理会关于朝鲜非法武器项目的现有决议。 部长重申，美国持续致力于我们长期以来的一个中国政策，其以《台湾关系法》、美中三个联合公报及六项保证为指导。部长再次申明台湾海峡和平稳定的重要性。他强调他反对单方面改变现状，并呼吁中华人民共和国不要对台湾采取进一步破坏稳定的行动。

Readout of Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III’s Meeting With People’s Republic of China (PRC) Minister of National Defense General Wei Fenghe Nov. 22, 2022 Pentagon Press Secretary Brig. Gen. Pat Ryder provided the following readout: Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III met today with General Wei Fenghe, Minister of National Defense of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), on the margins of the Association of Southeast Asia Nations Defense Ministers Meeting-Plus in Siem Reap, Cambodia. Secretary Austin and General Wei discussed U.S.-PRC defense relations and regional and global security issues. Secretary Austin emphasized the need to responsibly manage competition and maintain open lines of communication. The Secretary also discussed the importance of substantive dialogue on reducing strategic risk, improving crisis communications, and enhancing operational safety. He raised concerns about the increasingly dangerous behavior demonstrated by PLA aircraft in the Indo-Pacific region that increases the risk of an accident. The Secretary also affirmed that the United States will continue to fly, sail, and operate wherever international law allows. Secretary Austin discussed Russia’s unprovoked war against Ukraine and underscored how both the United States and the PRC oppose the use of nuclear weapons or threats to use them. Secretary Austin also expressed concerns about recent provocations from the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and called on the PRC to fully enforce existing U.N. Security Council resolutions regarding the DPRK’s unlawful weapons programs. The Secretary reiterated that the United States remains committed to our longstanding one China policy, which is guided by the Taiwan Relations Act, the Three U.S.-China Joint Communiques, and the Six Assurances. The Secretary reaffirmed the importance of peace and stability across the Strait. He underscored his opposition to unilateral changes to the status quo and called on the PRC to refrain from further destabilizing actions toward Taiwan.

2023年2月3日，安东尼·J·布林肯国务卿与大韩民国外长朴振出席联合记者会 [State Department photo by Ronny Przysucha/ Public Domain] 安东尼·J·布林肯国务卿与大韩民国外长朴振出席联合记者会（摘译）    讲话  安东尼·J·布林肯国务卿  本杰明·富兰克林厅  华盛顿D.C.  2023年2月3日    布林肯国务卿：大韩民国是一个至关重要并且长期的战略伙伴，我尤其感谢能有朴振这样一位好友，来让我们两国之间的这一联盟更加密切。在我谈我们今天进行的有成效的讨论和我们刚刚签署的协议之前——朴振，如果可以的话——我想简短地讲一讲中国的侦察气球存在于美国领空一事。  今天上午，我与中共中央外事工作委员会办公室主任王毅通话，表示鉴于中国让人无法接受的行动，我现推迟本周末对中国的计划访问。正如你们所知，拜登总统和习主席在他们11月于巴厘岛的会晤中商定，我将前往中国，跟进他们的讨论。我们美国政府各部门一直都在努力为了就对美国人民和世界各地人民重要的事宜开展一系列实质性的讨论而进行准备。而且一段时间以来，我们也在和我们在北京的对口方进行互动，为这些会谈作准备。  昨天，国防部公布说，我们发现了并且正在追踪一个仍留在美国大陆上空的高空侦察气球。我们继续密切追踪和监视这个气球。我们相信这是一个中国的侦察气球。我们一发现这个气球，美国政府便即刻采取行动，防止对敏感信息的收集。  我们通过多个渠道直接与中华人民共和国政府沟通了这一问题。我的团队成员征询了我们在其他部门和国会的伙伴们的意见。我们也接触了我们的紧密盟友和伙伴，告知他们侦察气球存在于我们的领空一事。我们得出的结论是当前的条件不利于此时进行建设性的访问。  在我今天与王毅主任的通话中，我清楚表明，该侦察气球存在于美国领空明显侵犯了美国主权并违反了国际法，这是一种不负责任的行为，以及中华人民共和国在我计划访问的前夕采取这一行动的决定不利于我们原本准备开展的实质性的讨论。我告诉王主任，美国依然致力于与中国的外交接触，而且我计划在条件允许时访问北京。  同时，美国将继续与中国保持畅通的沟通渠道，包括为了着手解决正在发生的这起事件。的确，这就是为什么我们首先需要直接和定期的沟通，这也是为什么在所有时候都保持这些渠道的畅通对于帮助避免误判和冲突至关重要。  最后但也是很重要的一点，世界期望美国和中国负责任地管理我们的关系。而且着手解决今天的许多全球挑战——影响我们的人民和世界各地人民的生活的挑战——也的的确确要求我们找到一种一起努力的方式。美国将继续以一种体现这一责任的方式行事。我们期望我们的中华人民共和国对口方同样这么做。

Secretary Antony J. Blinken and Republic of Korea Foreign Minister Park Jin at a Joint Press Availability   EXCERPT from REMARKS ANTONY J. BLINKEN, SECRETARY OF STATE BENJAMIN FRANKLIN ROOM WASHINGTON, D.C. FEBRUARY 3, 2023   SECRETARY BLINKEN:  The Republic of Korea is a vital and longstanding strategic partner, and I’m particularly grateful to have such a close friend in Jin to bring this alliance between our countries even closer.  Before I talk about the productive discussions that we had today and the agreement we just signed – Jin, if you’ll allow me – I’d just like to briefly address the presence of the Chinese surveillance balloon in U.S. airspace. I spoke this morning with Director of the CCP Central Foreign Affairs Office Wang Yi to convey that in light of China’s unacceptable action, I am postponing my planned travel this weekend to China.  As you know, President Biden and President Xi agreed during their meetings in Bali in November that I would travel to Beijing to follow up on their discussions.  We’ve been working across the U.S. Government to prepare for a substantive set of discussions on issues that matter to the American people and to people around the world.  And we’ve been engaging for some time with our counterparts in Beijing to prepare for these meetings. Yesterday, the Department of Defense announced that we had detected and were tracking a high-altitude surveillance balloon that remains over the continental United States.  We continue to track and monitor the balloon closely.  We’re confident this is a Chinese surveillance balloon.  Once we detected the balloon, the U.S. Government acted immediately to protect against the collection of sensitive information. We communicated with the PRC Government directly through multiple channels about this issue.  Members of my team consulted with our partners in other agencies and in Congress.  We also engaged our close allies and partners to inform them of the presence of the surveillance balloon in our airspace.  We concluded that conditions were not conducive for a constructive visit at this time. In my call today with Director Wang Yi, I made clear that the presence of this surveillance balloon in U.S. airspace is a clear violation of U.S. sovereignty and international law, that it’s an irresponsible act, and that the PRC’s decision to take this action on the eve of my planned visit is detrimental to the substantive discussions that we were prepared to have.  I told Director Wang that the United States remains committed to diplomatic engagement with China and that I plan to visit Beijing when conditions allow. In the meantime, the United States will continue to maintain open lines of communication with China, including to address this ongoing incident.  Indeed, that’s why we need direct and regular communications in the first place, and that’s why it’s critical that such lines remain open at all times to help avoid miscalculation and conflict. One final but important note.  The world expects the United States and China to manage our relationship responsibly.  And indeed, addressing many of today’s global challenges – challenges that affect the lives of our people and people around the world – demands that we find a way to work together as well.  The United States will continue to act in a way that reflects that responsibility.  We look to our PRC counterparts to do the same.

白宫 华盛顿特区 2022年6月28日 拜登–哈里斯政府正在启动多管齐下的措施应对全球粮食安全危机 拜登总统和七国集团领导人将宣布，他们将提供45亿美元来解决全球粮食安全问题，其中半数以上将来自美国。拜登总统将宣布额外的27.6亿美元的美国政府资金承诺，以帮助保护全世界最脆弱的人口，并缓解俄罗斯在乌克兰的无端、无理的战争对日益严重的粮食不安全和营养不良造成的影响。这些新投资将支持在超过47个国家和区域组织的努力，以支持应对日益增长的需求的区域性计划。 弗拉基米尔·普京的行径扼制了粮食和农业生产，并将粮食用作一种战争武器，包括通过损毁农业仓储、加工和检测设施；偷窃谷物和农耕设备；以及实质性封锁黑海港口。俄罗斯蓄意攻击粮食供应和生产，给市场、仓储和生产造成了影响，并最终给全球的消费者造成了消极影响。普京对乌克兰的侵略，再加上新冠疫情的影响、冲突的增多以及燃料和肥料的高昂价格，共同给本已脆弱的全球粮食安全和营养状况雪上加霜。由于普京发动的战争，生活在远离这场冲突的地区的数百万民众面临着更严重的贫困、饥饿和营养不良的风险。统计数字显示，普京在乌克兰发动的战争及其连带影响可能导致2022年又有最多可达4000万人被推入贫困之中。 尽管全球都将继续受到俄罗斯的行径的影响，但最迫切的需求将在非洲之角显现出来，同粮食安全危机相关的最迫切的人道主义援助在非洲之角，它正在经历前所未有的连续第四个旱季，可能会导致饥荒。到今年年底，多达2000万人可能面临饥饿的危险。长期干旱也正在给营养状况造成严重影响，将儿童置于严重的营养不良的风险之中，并需要得到治疗。 为了应对和缓解对全球粮食安全的进一步影响，美国政府将继续提供拯救生命的粮食援助，以应对这些日益增多的需求，并调动更多的金融承诺。在新近宣布的于五月份拨出的额外的27.6亿美元人道主义和经济援助的承诺之中，20亿美元将用于帮助通过紧急干预拯救生命，7.6亿美元将用于可持续的近期粮食援助，以帮助在受到高昂的粮食、肥料和燃料价格影响的脆弱的国家中缓解贫困、饥饿和营养不良的进一步加剧。 美国政府应对全球粮食不安全的多管齐下的措施包括： 全球人道主义援助 自从俄罗斯于二月份全面入侵乌克兰以来，美国已提供28亿美元，在受到粮食安全危机影响的国家扩大紧急粮食运作。除这笔资金外，美国国际发展署还承诺在今后三个月再提供20亿美元国际救灾援助资金，用于紧急人道主义需求。这些资金包括在紧急粮食不安全程度严重、依赖俄罗斯或乌克兰进口以及易受价格冲击影响的国家提供直接粮食援助，以及相关的卫生、营养、保护、用水、环境卫生和个人卫生服务，并将支持安置难民人口的国家。 全球发展援助 在我们继续应对紧急人道主义需求的同时，美国政府将继续增强粮食体系并缓解对粮食安全的中期影响。美国政府正在投入7.6亿美元，在最需要援助的国家抗击高昂的粮食、燃料和肥料价格的影响——普京的战争现在正在驱动价格上涨。 o支持非洲开发银行（African Development Bank）非洲紧急粮食生产机制（African Emergency Food Production Facility），在今后四个种植季节在非洲增加气候适应型小麦、玉米、水稻和大豆的生产。 o支持国际农业发展基金（International Fund for Agricultural Development）危机应对行动计划（Crisis Response Initiative），以帮助在农村社区保护生计并建设复原力。 o支持非洲适应力行动计划（Africa Adaptation Initiative）在非洲发展一个银行可担保项目的管道，以调动私人股本。 o支持非洲风险能力（Africa Risk Capacity）非洲灾难风险融资计划（Africa Disaster Risk Financing Programme），通过增加获取风险保险产品的渠道来帮助非洲政府应对粮食系统受到的冲击。 o一个肥料效率和创新项目，在往往过度使用肥料的国家中增强肥料的使用效率。 o对联合国粮食及农业组织（UN Food and Agriculture Organization）的支持将为涵盖多个国家的土壤制图提供资金，以便为做到用水更明智、提高保肥性以及改善气候适应力影响提供信息。 扩大“未来粮食保障”项目（Feed the Future） “未来粮食保障”项目是美国政府最主要的全球粮食安全计划，由美国国际发展署牵头。该计划正在扩大其全球足迹，新增八个目标国家（从 12 个增加到 20 个），这些都是非洲国家，受俄罗斯对乌克兰战争的影响最大。新的目标国家是刚果民主共和国、利比里亚、马达加斯加、马拉维、莫桑比克、卢旺达、坦桑尼亚和赞比亚。2021 年 9 月，拜登总统作出 50 亿美元的承诺，帮助终结全球饥饿和营养不良，并在国外建立可持续的、具有复原力的粮食系统。“未来粮食保障”项目的这次扩大兑现了拜登总统的承诺。 美国政府目前每年通过“未来粮食保障”项目投资 20 亿美元，该项目以超过 35 个国家的现有技术专长、项目和合作伙伴为基础。在这些国家，美国政府的投资推动了私营部门、捐助者和地方政府的进一步投资。 全球农业和粮食安全计划 (GAFSP) 通过美国财政部，美国继续在全球农业和粮食安全计划中发挥领导作用，这是一个 20 亿美元的多边融资机制，帮助世界上最贫穷的国家增加对农业和粮食安全的投资。美国将提供 1.55 亿美元，用于支持提高农业生产力、将农民与市场联系起来、改善生计、降低脆弱性和增强复原力的项目。美国还新担任 GAFSP 指导委员会的共同主席。在这一领导地位上，美国将帮助深化和加快落实 GAFSP 的粮食安全危机应对措施。 美国政府在推动全球行动方面的领导地位 从一开始，美国就一直站在应对这场危机的全球努力的最前沿。   欲查看原稿内容: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/06/28/fact-sheet-president-biden-and-g7-leaders-announce-further-efforts-to-counter-putins-attack-on-food-security/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

JUNE 28, 2022•STATEMENTS AND RELEASES Biden-Harris Administration is Driving a Multi-Pronged Response to Global Food Security Crisis President Biden and G7 leaders will announce that they will contribute over $4.5 billion to address global food security, over half of which will come from the United States. President Biden will announce $2.76 billion in additional U.S. Government funding commitments to help protect the world’s most vulnerable populations and mitigate the impacts of Russia’s unprovoked and unjustified war in Ukraine on growing food insecurity and malnutrition. These new investments will support efforts in over 47 countries and regional organizations, to support regional plans to address increasing needs. Vladimir Putin’s actions have strangled food and agriculture production and have used food as a weapon of war, including through the destruction of agricultural storage, processing, and testing facilities; theft of grain and farm equipment; and the effective blockade of Black Sea ports. Russia’s choice to attack food supplies and production have an impact on markets, storage, production, negatively impacting consumers around the globe. Putin’s aggression in Ukraine, combined with the impacts from COVID-19, increasing conflict, high prices for fuel and fertilizer, have combined to devastate already fragile global food security and nutrition. Millions of people living far from the conflict face an increased risk of poverty, hunger, and malnutrition as a result of Putin’s war. Estimates suggest that up to 40 million more people could be pushed into poverty in 2022 as a result of Putin’s war in Ukraine and its secondary effects. While the entire globe will continue to be affected by Russia’s actions, the most immediate needs will present in the Horn of Africa, as it experiences a record-setting fourth straight season of drought, that may lead to famine. As many as 20 million people may face the threat of starvation by the end of the year. The prolonged drought is also having dire nutrition impacts, putting children at severe risk of malnutrition and in need of treatment. To address and mitigate further impacts on global food security, the U.S. Government will continue life-saving food assistance to address these growing needs and leverage additional financial commitments. Of the newly announced commitment of an additional $2.76 billion in humanitarian and economic assistance, $2 billion will be to help save lives through emergency interventions and $760 million will be for sustainable near-term food assistance to help mitigate further increases in poverty, hunger, and malnutrition in vulnerable countries impacted by high prices of food, fertilizer, and fuel. The U.S. government’s multi-pronged response to combat global food insecurity includes: Global Humanitarian Assistance Since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February, the United States has provided $2.8 billion to scale up emergency food operations in countries impacted by the food security crisis. In addition to this funding, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is committing another $2 billion in international disaster assistance (IDA) funds for emergency humanitarian needs over the next three months. These funds include direct food assistance, as well as related health, nutrition, protection, and water, sanitation and hygiene services, in countries with high levels of acute food insecurity, reliance on Russian or Ukrainian imports, and vulnerability to price shocks, and will support countries hosting refugee populations. Global Development Assistance As we continue to address acute humanitarian needs, the U.S. government will continue to strengthen food systems and mitigate medium-term impacts on food security. The U.S. Government is investing $760 million to combat the effects of high food, fuel, and fertilizer prices – now being driven up by Putin’s war – in those countries that need it most. Expansion of Feed the Future Feed the Future (FTF), the U.S. government’s flagship global food security initiative led by USAID, is expanding its global footprint in eight new target countries from 12 to 20 target countries, in Africa that were also most vulnerable to the impacts of Russia’s war in Ukraine. The new target countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Zambia. This expansion of Feed the Future countries delivers on President Biden’s $5 billion commitment in September 2021 to end global hunger, malnutrition and build sustainable, resilient food systems abroad. The U.S. government currently invests more than $1.9 billion per year through Feed the Future, which builds on existing technical expertise, programs and partners in more than 35 countries. In these countries, the U.S. government investments pave the way for further investments from the private sector, donors and local governments. Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP) The United States through the U.S. Treasury, continues to exercise leadership in the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP) – a $2 billion multilateral financing mechanism that has helped the world’s poorest countries increase investments in agriculture and food security. The United States is contributing $155 million to support projects that raise agricultural productivity, link farmers to markets, improve livelihoods, reduce vulnerability, and enhance resilience to shocks. The United States is also newly serving as Co-Chair of the GAFSP Steering Committee. In this leadership position, the United States will help deepen and accelerate GAFSP’s response to the food security crisis. USG Leadership in Driving Global Action From the beginning, the United States has been at the forefront of global efforts to confront this crisis. ###

媒体通报 发言人办公室 2023年7月11日   美国总统气候问题特使约翰·克里将于7月16日至7月19日访问中华人民共和国北京。在与中华人民共和国官员会晤期间，克里旨在就应对气候危机与中华人民共和国进行接触，其中包括加强实施和提升雄心以及推动第28届联合国气候变化大会（COP28）成功举行。   媒体垂询，请联络ClimateComms@state.gov。   https://www.state.gov/special-presidential-envoy-for-climate-kerrys-travel-to-the-peoples-republic-of-china/

MEDIA NOTE OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON JULY 11, 2023   Special Presidential Envoy for Climate John Kerry will travel to Beijing, People’s Republic of China (PRC), from July 16 to July 19.  During meetings with PRC officials, Secretary Kerry aims to engage with the PRC on addressing the climate crisis, including with respect to increasing implementation and ambition and promoting a successful COP28. For media inquiries, please contact ClimateComms@state.gov.

中国政府和中国共产党对美国经济和国家安全构成的威胁 点击链接， 阅读原文：https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/fbi-director-christopher-wrays-remarks-on-china/

Christopher Wray Director Federal Bureau of Investigation Hudson Institute, Video Event: China’s Attempt to Influence U.S. Institutions Washington, D.C. July 7, 2020 The Threat Posed by the Chinese Government and the Chinese Communist Party to the Economic and National Security of the United States Remarks as delivered. Good morning. I realize it’s challenging, particularly under the current circumstances, to put on an event like this, so I’m grateful to the Hudson Institute for hosting us today. The greatest long-term threat to our nation’s information and intellectual property, and to our economic vitality, is the counterintelligence and economic espionage threat from China. It’s a threat to our economic security—and by extension, to our national security. As National Security Advisor O’Brien said in his recent remarks, we cannot close our eyes and ears to what China is doing—and today, in light of the importance of this threat, I will provide more detail on the Chinese threat than the FBI has ever presented in an open forum. This threat is so significant that the attorney general and secretary of state will also be addressing a lot of these issues in the next few weeks. But if you think these issues are just an intelligence issue, or a government problem, or a nuisance largely just for big corporations who can take care of themselves—you could not be more wrong. It’s the people of the United States who are the victims of what amounts to Chinese theft on a scale so massive that it represents one of the largest transfers of wealth in human history. If you are an American adult, it is more likely than not that China has stolen your personal data. In 2017, the Chinese military conspired to hack Equifax and made off with the sensitive personal information of 150 million Americans—we’re talking nearly half of the American population and most American adults—and as I’ll discuss in a few moments, this was hardly a standalone incident. Our data isn’t the only thing at stake here—so are our health, our livelihoods, and our security. We’ve now reached the point where the FBI is opening a new China-related counterintelligence case about every 10 hours. Of the nearly 5,000 active FBI counterintelligence cases currently underway across the country, almost half are related to China. And at this very moment, China is working to compromise American health care organizations, pharmaceutical companies, and academic institutions conducting essential COVID-19 research. But before I go on, let me be clear: This is not about the Chinese people, and it’s certainly not about Chinese Americans. Every year, the United States welcomes more than 100,000 Chinese students and researchers into this country. For generations, people have journeyed from China to the United States to secure the blessings of liberty for themselves and their families—and our society is better for their contributions. So, when I speak of the threat from China, I mean the government of China and the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Regime and the Scope of Its Ambitions To understand this threat and how we must act to respond to it, the American people should remember three things. First: We need to be clear-eyed about the scope of the Chinese government’s ambition. China—the Chinese Communist Party—believes it is in a generational fight to surpass our country in economic and technological leadership. That is sobering enough. But it’s waging this fight not through legitimate innovation, not through fair and lawful competition, and not by giving their citizens the freedom of thought and speech and creativity that we treasure here in the United States. Instead, China is engaged in a whole-of-state effort to become the world’s only superpower by any means necessary. A Diverse and Multi-Layered Approach The second thing the American people need to understand is that China uses a diverse range of sophisticated techniques—everything from cyber intrusions to corrupting trusted insiders. They’ve even engaged in outright physical theft. And they’ve pioneered an expansive approach to stealing innovation through a wide range of actors—including not just Chinese intelligence services but state-owned enterprises, ostensibly private companies, certain kinds of graduate students and researchers, and a whole variety of other actors working on their behalf. Economic Espionage To achieve its goals and surpass America, China recognizes it needs to make leaps in cutting-edge technologies. But the sad fact is that instead of engaging in the hard slog of innovation, China often steals American intellectual property and then uses it to compete against the very American companies it victimized—in effect, cheating twice over. They’re targeting research on everything from military equipment to wind turbines to rice and corn seeds. Through its talent recruitment programs, like the so-called Thousand Talents Program, the Chinese government tries to entice scientists to secretly bring our knowledge and innovation back to China—even if that means stealing proprietary information or violating our export controls and conflict-of-interest rules. Take the case of scientist Hongjin Tan, for example, a Chinese national and American lawful permanent resident. He applied to China’s Thousand Talents Program and stole more than $1 billion—that’s with a “b”—worth of trade secrets from his former employer, an Oklahoma-based petroleum company, and got caught. A few months ago, he was convicted and sent to prison. Or there’s the case of Shan Shi, a Texas-based scientist, also sentenced to prison earlier this year. Shi stole trade secrets regarding syntactic foam, an important naval technology used in submarines. Shi, too, had applied to China’s Thousand Talents Program, and specifically pledged to “digest” and “absorb” the relevant technology in the United States. He did this on behalf of Chinese state-owned enterprises, which ultimately planned to put the American company out of business and take over the market. In one of the more galling and egregious aspects of the scheme, the conspirators actually patented in China the very manufacturing process they’d stolen, and then offered their victim American company a joint venture using its own stolen technology. We’re talking about an American company that spent years and millions of dollars developing that technology, and China couldn’t replicate it—so, instead, it paid to have it stolen. And just two weeks ago, Hao Zhang was convicted of economic espionage, theft of trade secrets, and conspiracy for stealing proprietary information about wireless devices from two U.S. companies. One of those companies had spent over 20 years developing the technology Zhang stole. These cases were among more than a thousand investigations the FBI has into China’s actual and attempted theft of American technology—which is to say nothing of over a thousand more ongoing counterintelligence investigations of other kinds related to China. We’re conducting these kinds of investigations in all 56 of our field offices. And over the past decade, we’ve seen economic espionage cases with a link to China increase by approximately 1,300 percent. The stakes could not be higher, and the potential economic harm to American businesses and the economy as a whole almost defies calculation. Clandestine Efforts As National Security Advisor O’Brien discussed in his June remarks, the Chinese government is also making liberal use of hacking to steal our corporate and personal data—and they’re using both military and non-state hackers to do it. The Equifax intrusion I mentioned just a few moments ago, which led to the indictment of Chinese military personnel, was hardly the only time China stole the sensitive personal information of huge numbers of the American public. For example, did any of you have health insurance through Anthem or one of its associated insurers? In 2015, China’s hackers stole the personal data of 80 million of that company’s current and former customers. Or maybe you’re a federal employee—or you used to be one, or you applied for a government job once, or a family member or roommate did. Well, in 2014, China’s hackers stole more than 21 million records from OPM, the federal government’s Office of Personnel Management. Why are they doing this? First, China has made becoming an artificial intelligence world leader a priority, and these kinds of thefts feed right into China’s development of artificial intelligence tools. Compounding the threat, the data China stole is of obvious value as they attempt to identify people for secret intelligence gathering. On that front, China is using social media platforms—the same ones Americans use to stay connected or find jobs—to identify people with access to our government’s sensitive information and then target those people to try to steal it. Just to pick one example, a Chinese intelligence officer posing as a headhunter on a popular social media platform recently offered an American citizen a sizeable sum of money in exchange for so-called “consulting” services. That sounds benign enough until you realize those “consulting” services were related to sensitive information the American target had access to as a U.S. military intelligence specialist. Now that particular tale has a happy ending: The American citizen did the right thing and reported the suspicious contact, and the FBI, working together with our armed forces, took it from there. I wish I could say that all such incidents ended that way. Threats to Academia It’s a troublingly similar story in academia. Through talent recruitment programs like the Thousand Talents Program I mentioned just a few moments ago, China pays scientists at American universities to secretly bring our knowledge and innovation back to China—including valuable, federally funded research. To put it bluntly, this means American taxpayers are effectively footing the bill for China’s own technological development. China then leverages its ill-gotten gains to undercut U.S. research institutions and companies, blunting our nation’s advancement and costing American jobs. And we are seeing more and more of these cases. In May alone, we arrested both Qing Wang, a former researcher with the Cleveland Clinic who worked on molecular medicine and the genetics of cardiovascular disease, and Simon Saw-Teong Ang, a University of Arkansas scientist doing research for NASA. Both of these guys were allegedly committing fraud by concealing their participation in Chinese talent recruitment programs while accepting millions of dollars in American federal grant funding. That same month, former Emory University professor Xiao-Jiang Li pled guilty to filing a false tax return for failing to report the income he’d received through China’s Thousand Talents Program. Our investigation found that while Li was researching Huntington’s disease at Emory, he was also pocketing half a million unreported dollars from China. In a similar vein, Charles Lieber, chair of Harvard’s Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, was indicted just last month for making false statements to federal authorities about his Thousand Talents participation. The United States has alleged that Lieber concealed from both Harvard and the NIH his position as a strategic scientist at a Chinese university—and the fact that the Chinese government was paying him, through the Wuhan Institute of Technology, a $50,000 monthly stipend, more than $150,000 in living expenses, and more than $1.5 million to establish a laboratory back in China. Malign Foreign Influence There’s more. Another tool China and the Chinese Communist Party use to manipulate Americans is what we call malign foreign influence. Now, traditional foreign influence is a normal, legal diplomatic activity typically conducted through diplomatic channels. But malign foreign influence efforts are subversive, undeclared, criminal, or coercive attempts to sway our government’s policies, distort our country’s public discourse, and undermine confidence in our democratic processes and values. China is engaged in a highly sophisticated malign foreign influence campaign, and its methods include bribery, blackmail, and covert deals. Chinese diplomats also use both open, naked economic pressure and seemingly independent middlemen to push China’s preferences on American officials. Just take one all-too-common illustration: Let’s say China gets wind that some American official is planning to travel to Taiwan—think a governor, a state senator, a member of Congress. China does not want that to happen, because that travel might appear to legitimize Taiwanese independence from China—and legitimizing Taiwan would, of course, be contrary to China’s “One China” policy. So what does China do? Well, China has leverage over the American official’s constituents—American companies, academics, and members of the media all have legitimate and understandable reasons to want access to Chinese partners and markets. And because of the authoritarian nature of the Chinese Communist Party, China has immense power over those same partners and markets. So, China will sometimes start by trying to influence the American official overtly and directly. China might openly warn that if the American official goes ahead and takes that trip to Taiwan, China will take it out on a company from that official’s home state by withholding the company’s license to manufacture in China. That could be economically ruinous for the company, would directly pressure the American official to alter his travel plans, and the official would know that China was trying to influence him. That would be bad enough. But the Chinese Communist Party often doesn’t stop there; it can’t stop there if it wants to stay in power—so it uses its leverage even more perniciously. If China’s more direct, overt influence campaign doesn’t do the trick, they sometimes turn to indirect, covert, deceptive influence efforts. To continue with the illustration of the American official with travel plans that the Chinese Communist Party doesn’t like, China will work relentlessly to identify the people closest to that official—the people that official trusts most. China will then work to influence those people to act on China’s behalf as middlemen to influence the official. The co-opted middlemen may then whisper in the official’s ear and try to sway the official’s travel plans or public positions on Chinese policy. These intermediaries, of course, aren’t telling the American official that they’re Chinese Communist Party pawns—and worse still, some of these intermediaries may not even realize they’re being used as pawns, because they, too, have been deceived. Ultimately, China doesn’t hesitate to use smoke, mirrors, and misdirection to influence Americans. Similarly, China often pushes academics and journalists to self-censor if they want to travel into China. And we’ve seen the Chinese Communist Party pressure American media and sporting giants to ignore or suppress criticism of China’s ambitions regarding Hong Kong or Taiwan. This kind of thing is happening over and over, across the United States. And I will note that the pandemic has unfortunately not stopped any of this—in fact, we have heard from federal, state, and even local officials that Chinese diplomats are aggressively urging support for China’s handling of the COVID-19 crisis. Yes, this is happening at both the federal and state levels. Not that long ago, we had a state senator who was recently even asked to introduce a resolution supporting China’s response to the pandemic. The punchline is this: All of these seemingly inconsequential pressures add up to a policymaking environment in which Americans find themselves held over a barrel by the Chinese Communist Party. Threats to the Rule of Law All the while, China’s government and Communist Party have brazenly violated well-settled norms and the rule of law. Since 2014, Chinese General Secretary Xi Jinping has spearheaded a program known as “Fox Hunt.” Now, China describes Fox Hunt as some kind of international anti-corruption campaign—it is not. Instead, Fox Hunt is a sweeping bid by General Secretary Xi to target Chinese nationals whom he sees as threats and who live outside China, across the world. We’re talking about political rivals, dissidents, and critics seeking to expose China’s extensive human rights violations. Hundreds of the Fox Hunt victims that they target live right here in the United States, and many are American citizens or green card holders. The Chinese government wants to force them to return to China, and China’s tactics to accomplish that are shocking. For example, when it couldn’t locate one Fox Hunt target, the Chinese government sent an emissary to visit the target’s family here in the United States. The message they said to pass on? The target had two options: return to China promptly, or commit suicide. And what happens when Fox Hunt targets refuse to return to China? In the past, their family members both here in the United States and in China have been threatened and coerced, and those back in China have even been arrested for leverage. I’ll take this opportunity to note that if you believe the Chinese government is targeting you—that you’re a potential Fox Hunt victim—please reach out to your local FBI field office. Exploiting Our Openness Understanding how a nation could engage in these tactics brings me to the third thing the American people need to remember: that China has a fundamentally different system than ours—and it’s doing all it can to exploit the openness of ours while taking advantage of its own closed system. Many of the distinctions that mean a lot here in the United States are blurry or almost nonexistent in China—I’m talking about distinctions between the government and the Chinese Communist Party, between the civilian and military sectors, and between the state and the “private” sector. For one thing, an awful lot of large Chinese businesses are state-owned enterprises—literally owned by the government, and thus the Party. And even if they aren’t, China’s laws allow its government to compel any Chinese company to provide any information it requests—including American citizens’ data. On top of that, Chinese companies of any real size are legally required to have Communist Party “cells” inside them to keep them in line. Even more alarmingly, Communist Party cells have reportedly been established in some American companies operating in China as a cost of doing business there. These kinds of features should give U.S. companies pause when they consider working with Chinese corporations like Huawei—and should give all Americans pause, too, when relying on such a company’s devices and networks. As the world’s largest telecommunications equipment manufacturer, Huawei has broad access to much that American companies do in China. It’s also been charged in the United States with racketeering conspiracy and has, as alleged in the indictment, repeatedly stolen intellectual property from U.S. companies, obstructed justice, and lied to the U.S. government and its commercial partners, including banks. The allegations are clear: Huawei is a serial intellectual property thief, with a pattern and practice of disregarding both the rule of law and the rights of its victims. I have to tell you, it certainly caught my attention to read a recent article describing the words of Huawei’s founder, Ren Zhengfei, about the company’s mindset. At a Huawei research and development center, he reportedly told employees that to ensure the company’s survival, they need to—and I quote—“surge forward, killing as you go, to blaze us a trail of blood.” He’s also reportedly told employees that Huawei has entered, to quote, “a state of war.” I certainly hope he couldn’t have meant that literally, but it’s hardly an encouraging tone, given the company’s repeated criminal behavior. In our modern world, there is perhaps no more ominous prospect than a hostile foreign government’s ability to compromise our country’s infrastructure and devices. If Chinese companies like Huawei are given unfettered access to our telecommunications infrastructure, they could collect any of your information that traverses their devices or networks. Worse still: They’d have no choice but to hand it over to the Chinese government if asked—the privacy and due process protections that are sacrosanct in the United States are simply non-existent in China. Responding Effectively to the Threat The Chinese government is engaged in a broad, diverse campaign of theft and malign influence, and it can execute that campaign with authoritarian efficiency. They’re calculating. They’re persistent. They’re patient. And they’re not subject to the righteous constraints of an open, democratic society or the rule of law. China, as led by the Chinese Communist Party, is going to continue to try to misappropriate our ideas, influence our policymakers, manipulate our public opinion, and steal our data. They will use an all-tools and all-sectors approach—and that demands our own all-tools and all-sectors approach in response. Our folks at the FBI are working their tails off every day to protect our nation’s companies, our universities, our computer networks, and our ideas and innovation. To do that, we’re using a broad set of techniques—from our traditional law enforcement authorities to our intelligence capabilities. And I will briefly note that we’re having real success. With the help of our many foreign partners, we’ve arrested targets all over the globe. Our investigations and the resulting prosecutions have exposed the tradecraft and techniques the Chinese use, raising awareness of the threat and our industries’ defenses. They also show our resolve and our ability to attribute these crimes to those responsible. It’s one thing to make assertions—but in our justice system, when a person, or a corporation, is investigated and then charged with a crime, we have to prove the truth of the allegation beyond a reasonable doubt. The truth matters—and so, these criminal indictments matter. And we’ve seen how our criminal indictments have rallied other nations to our cause—which is crucial to persuading the Chinese government to change its behavior. We’re also working more closely than ever with partner agencies here in the U.S. and our partners abroad. We can’t do it on our own; we need a whole-of-society response. That’s why we in the intelligence and law enforcement communities are working harder than ever to give companies, universities, and the American people themselves the information they need to make their own informed decisions and protect their most valuable assets. Confronting this threat effectively does not mean we shouldn’t do business with the Chinese. It does not mean we shouldn’t host Chinese visitors. It does not mean we shouldn’t welcome Chinese students or coexist with China on the world stage. But it does mean that when China violates our criminal laws and international norms, we are not going to tolerate it, much less enable it. The FBI and our partners throughout the U.S. government will hold China accountable and protect our nation’s innovation, ideas, and way of life—with the help and vigilance of the American people. Thank you for having me here today. Watch Hudson Institute Video Event | China’s Attempt to Influence U.S. Institutions: A Conversation with FBI Director Christopher Wray

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区（Washington, D.C.） 2020年5月14日 国务卿迈克尔·蓬佩奥（MICHAEL R. POMPEO）发表声明 美国谴责隶属中华人民共和国的行为者试图盗窃美国对COVID-19冠状病毒进行的研究  美国谴责隶属中华人民共和国的网络行为者和非传统收集人员试图盗窃美国有关COVID-19冠状病毒研究的知识产权和数据。联邦调查局（Federal Bureau of Investigation）和国土安全部（Department of Homeland Security）网络安全与基础设施安全机构（Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency）已于5月13日对此发布警告。美国要求中华人民共和国停止这类恶劣行为。有关方面于5月13日发出的警告指出，“对这类信息潜在的盗窃行为对实施安全、有效和高效率的治疗方案造成了危害。”中华人民共和国在网络空间的行为延续了其在整个COVID-19疫情期间采取的起反作用的行动。美国与我们的盟国和伙伴正协调一致，共同采取透明的方式挽救生命。与此同时，中华人民共和国却继续钳制科学家、新闻记者和公民的呼声并散布假消息，加剧了这场健康危机的危险性。

STATEMENT BY SECRETARY MICHAEL R. POMPEO May 14, 2020 The United States Condemns Attempts by PRC-Affiliated Actors to Steal American COVID-19 Research The United States condemns attempts by cyber actors and non-traditional collectors affiliated with the People’s Republic of China (PRC) to steal U.S. intellectual property and data related to COVID-19 research, as announced in a May 13, 2020 warning by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Department of Homeland Security’s Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. The United States calls on the PRC to cease this malicious activity. As the May 13 warning notes, “The potential theft of this information jeopardizes the delivery of secure, effective, and efficient treatment options.” The PRC’s behavior in cyberspace is an extension of its counterproductive actions throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. While the United States and our allies and partners are coordinating a collective, transparent response to save lives, the PRC continues to silence scientists, journalists, and citizens, and to spread disinformation, which has exacerbated the dangers of this health crisis.

2020年6月20日 美国东部夏令时上午8:32 迈克尔·R·蓬佩奥国务卿 联合国人权理事会现在由委内瑞拉以及最近由古巴和中国组成，它长期以来一直并仍旧是独裁者和纵容独裁者的民主政体的庇护所。对于真正寻求促进人类尊严的人来说，这令人严重失望。即便如此，安理会昨天决定对一项关注美国警务和种族问题的决议进行表决，这是一个新的下限。 当前在美国关于乔治·弗洛伊德悲剧性死亡的公民讨论标志着我们民主的力量和成熟。美国人知道他们的自由受到宪法和强有力的法治的保护，因此公开地努力解决棘手的社会问题。我们对追究个人和机构的责任是认真的，我们的民主制度允许我们可以这样做。美国每天都在与世界各地的伙伴一起努力，他们与我们一样致力于基本自由。 不幸的是，理事会再次证明了我们在2018年退出的决定是明智的。如果理事会对保护人权问题是认真的，那么有很多合理的需求需要它关注，比如古巴、中国和伊朗等地的系统性种族不平等。如果理事会是诚实的，它就会认可美国民主的力量，并敦促世界各地的威权政权以美国民主为榜样，并要求他们的国家遵守我们美国人对自己使用的同样的高标准问责制和透明度。

06/20/2020 08:32 AM EDT Michael R. Pompeo, Secretary of State The United Nations Human Rights Council, now comprised of Venezuela and recently, Cuba and China, has long been and remains a haven for dictators and democracies that indulge them.  It is a grave disappointment to those genuinely seeking to advance human dignity. Even so, the Council’s decision to vote yesterday on a resolution focusing on policing and race in the United States marks a new low. The ongoing civic discourse about the tragic death of George Floyd in the United States is a sign of our democracy’s strength and maturity. Americans work through difficult societal problems openly, knowing their freedoms are protected by the Constitution and a strong rule of law. We are serious about holding individuals and institutions accountable, and our democracy allows us to do so. The United States works every day with partners around the world who share our commitment to fundamental freedoms. Unfortunately, the Council has once again reaffirmed the wisdom of our decision to withdraw in 2018. If the Council were serious about protecting human rights, there are plenty of legitimate needs for its attention, such as the systemic racial disparities in places like Cuba, China, and Iran. If the Council were honest, it would recognize the strengths of American democracy and urge authoritarian regimes around the world to model American democracy and to hold their nations to the same high standards of accountability and transparency that we Americans apply to ourselves.

Mission Logo   媒体简报 发言人办公室 华盛顿DC 2019年1月30日 军控及国际安全事务国务次卿安德烈娅·L·汤普森（Andrea L. Thompson）将于2019年1月30日-2月1日访问中国和日本。 在中国，国务次卿将带领美国代表团与来自英国、法国、俄罗斯和中国的对口官员在北京参加2019联合国安理会五个常任理事国会议。议程将包括核不扩散、军控和国际安全。 此外，国务次卿将与政府高级官员进行双边会晤。 在日本，汤普森国务次卿将与政府高级官员会晤，在军事贸易和防扩散领域拓展伙伴关系。美国和日本继续就各自的印太战略进行协调，包括联合基础设施项目和在该地区的其它多边 经济和安全倡议。

Media Note Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Andrea L. Thompson will travel to China and Japan, January 30 – February 1, 2019. In China, the Under Secretary will lead the U.S. delegation at the 2019 P5 Conference in Beijing, with counterparts from the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China. Topics will include nonproliferation, arms control, and international security. Additionally, the Under Secretary will conduct bilateral meetings with senior government officials. In Japan, Under Secretary Thompson will meet with senior government officials to expand partnerships on defense trade and nonproliferation. The United States and Japan continue to coordinate on respective Indo-Pacific strategies, including joint infrastructure projects and other multilateral economic and security initiatives in the region.

新闻稿 迈克尔·R·蓬佩奥，国务卿 2020年6月6日   中国共产党无情地利用乔治·弗洛伊德的悲剧死亡，以证明其专制式地剥夺基本人类尊严的合理性，再度暴露了他们的真面目。就像历史上所有的独裁政权一样，对他们来说，只要有助于党追求权力的欲望，就没有过于龌龊的谎言。任何人都不应受到这种可笑宣传的欺瞒。 美国与中国共产党（CCP）的对比再清晰不过。 在中国，当一座教堂起火，几乎可以确定这种袭击是受中国共产党指使的。在美国，当一座教堂起火，纵火者受到政府的惩罚，而且是政府为信仰者送来消防车、水、援助和慰藉。 在中国，从香港到天安门广场的和平抗议者仅仅因为发声就被武装军警用棍棒殴打。记叙这些不光彩行径的记者被判处长期监禁。在美国，执法部门——既在州也在联邦层面——将警察中的败类绳之以法，在强力阻止劫掠和暴力的同时欢迎和平抗议，并且根据宪法行使权力来保护所有人的财产和自由。我们自由的媒体广泛地报道各种事件，让全世界都可以看到。 在中国，当医生和新闻工作者对一种新疾病的危险性发出警告时，中国共产党让他们噤声和失踪，并谎报死亡总数和疫情的严重程度。在美国，我们重视生命并且建立透明的体系来治疗、治愈并为全球的大流行解决方案提供——比其他任何国家都多的——资金支持。 在中国，当公民持有与中国共产党教条不同的意见时，中国共产党将他们囚禁在再教育营中。而且，当人们——在数千年绵延不绝、令人敬畏的文明中拥有同根同源的人们（比如那些在香港和台湾的人）——拥抱自由时，这种自由被镇压摧毁，而人们要屈从于党的命令和要求。与此相反，在美国，即使身处不顾后果的骚乱中，我们也展现对法治、透明度和不可剥夺的人权的刚强承诺。 北京在近日表现出持续对真理的藐视和对法律的鄙视。中国共产党的宣传工作——试图将美国在乔治·弗洛伊德死后的行动与中国共产党对基本人权和自由的持续剥夺混为一谈——我们应当知道这就是欺诈。 在境况最好的时候，中华人民共和国（PRC）也在残酷地推行共产主义。而身处最为困难的挑战之中时，美国依然保障自由。

PRESS STATEMENT MICHAEL R. POMPEO, SECRETARY OF STATE JUNE 6, 2020  The Chinese Communist Party’s callous exploitation of the tragic death of George Floyd to justify its authoritarian denial of basic human dignity exposes its true colors yet again. As with dictatorships throughout history, no lie is too obscene, so long as it serves the Party’s lust for power. This laughable propaganda should not fool anyone. The contrast between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) could not be more stark. In China, when a church burns, the attack was almost certainly directed by the CCP. In America, when a church burns, the arsonists are punished by the government, and it is the government that brings fire trucks, water, aid, and comfort to the faithful. In China, peaceful protesters from Hong Kong to Tiananmen Square are clubbed by armed militiamen for simply speaking out. Reporters writing of these indignities are sentenced to long terms in prison. In the United States, law enforcement – both state and federal – brings rogue officers to justice, welcomes peaceful protests while forcefully shutting down looting and violence, and exercises power pursuant to the Constitution to protect property and liberty for all. Our free press covers events wall to wall, for all the world to see. In China, when doctors and journalists warn of the dangers of a new disease, the CCP silences and disappears them, and lies about death totals and the extent of the outbreak. In the United States, we value life and build transparent systems to treat, cure, and underwrite – more than any other nation – pandemic solutions for the globe. In China, when citizens hold opinions that diverge from CCP dogma, the Party imprisons them in re-education camps. And, when people – such as those in Hong Kong and Taiwan – with common roots in an awe-inspiring civilization that has endured for thousands of years embrace freedom, that freedom is crushed, and the people subordinated to Party dictates and demands. In the United States, in contrast, even amidst reckless rioting, we demonstrate our robust commitment to the rule of law, transparency, and unalienable human rights. Beijing in recent days has showcased its continuing contempt for the truth and scorn for law. The CCP’s propaganda efforts – seeking to conflate the United States’ actions in the wake of the death of George Floyd with the CCP’s continued denial of basic human rights and freedom – should be seen for the fraud that they are. During the best of times, the PRC ruthlessly imposes communism. Amid the most difficult challenges, the United States secures freedom.

2020年8月13日 美国东部夏令时间 上午11:12 迈克尔·R·蓬佩奥国务卿 今天是历史性的一天，是朝着中东和平迈进的重要一步。经过积极的外交联系，特朗普总统与以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡以及阿联酋王储穆罕默德·本·扎耶德共同签署了一项协议，以实现关系全面正常化。 对于世界上最具前瞻性、技术先进的国家中的这两个国家来说，这是一项了不起的成就，反映出他们对一个经济一体化的地区有着共同的区域愿景。这同时也表明他们致力于直面共同的威胁——国虽小，但强有力。 “中东和平历史性的一天”声明英文全文请见： https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/historic-day-for-peace-in-the-middle-east/

PRESS STATEMENT MICHAEL R. POMPEO, SECRETARY OF STATE AUGUST 13, 2020 Today is an historic day and a significant step forward for peace in the Middle East. After vigorous diplomatic outreach, President Trump, along with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Emirati Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Zayed, announced an agreement to fully normalize relations. This is a remarkable achievement for two of the world’s most forward leaning, technologically advanced states, and reflects their shared regional vision of an economically integrated region. It also illustrates their commitment to confronting common threats, as small — but strong — nations. The United States hopes that this brave step will be the first in a series of agreements that ends 72 years of hostilities in the region. Although the peace treaties between Israel and Egypt and Jordan have not yet fulfilled their full potential, since the 1978 Camp David Accords and the 1994 Wadi Arava Agreement, we have witnessed significant economic development in Egypt and Jordan, an unmistakable dividend of peace. Today’s normalization agreement between Israel and the Emirates holds similar potential and the promise for a better day for the entire region.  The United States congratulates Israel and the Emirates for their important achievement.  Blessed are the peacemakers. Mabruk and Mazal Tov.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区（Washington, D.C.） 2020年 7月 7日 国务卿迈克尔·蓬佩奥（MICHAEL R. POMPEO）发表声明 根据《西藏旅行对等法》（Reciprocal Access to Tibet Act）实施签证限制 美国要求中华人民共和国为我国公民提供公平、透明和对等的待遇。我们已为促进这个目标采取了若干步骤。遗憾的是，北京继续系统性地阻挠美国外交人员及其他官员、新闻记者和旅游者进入西藏自治区和其他藏族地区。与此同时，中华人民共和国官员和其他公民则有远不可比拟的大量机会进入美国。 为此我今天宣布，根据2018年《西藏旅行对等法》的规定，对被确认“实质参与制定或执行有关外国人进入各藏族地区政策”的中华人民共和国政府和中国共产党官员实施签证限制。鉴于中华人民共和国在该地采取侵犯人权的行为，同时北京未能防止亚洲各主要河流源头附近的环境退化，进入各藏族地区对于地区稳定具有日益重要的意义。 美国将继续努力促进中华人民共和国境内和海外藏族社区的经济可持续发展、环境保护和人道主义条件。同时我们仍坚定地支持藏人有实质意义的自治，尊重他们基本的和不可剥夺的人权，并保护他们独特的宗教、文化和语言特征。本着真正对等的精神，我们将密切协同美国国会（U.S. Congress），努力保障美国公民能够充分进入中华人民共和国所有的地区，包括西藏自治区和其他藏族地区。

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE Office of the Spokesperson STATEMENT BY SECRETARY MICHAEL R. POMPEO July 7, 2020 The United States seeks fair, transparent, and reciprocal treatment from the People’s Republic of China for our citizens. We have taken several steps to further this goal. Unfortunately, Beijing has continued systematically to obstruct travel to the Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR) and other Tibetan areas by U.S. diplomats and other officials, journalists, and tourists, while PRC officials and other citizens enjoy far greater access to the United States. Therefore, today I am announcing visa restrictions on PRC government and Chinese Communist Party officials determined to be “substantially involved in the formulation or execution of policies related to access for foreigners to Tibetan areas,” pursuant to the Reciprocal Access to Tibet Act of 2018. Access to Tibetan areas is increasingly vital to regional stability, given the PRC’s human rights abuses there, as well as Beijing’s failure to prevent environmental degradation near the headwaters of Asia’s major rivers. The United States will continue to work to advance the sustainable economic development, environmental conservation, and humanitarian conditions of Tibetan communities within the People’s Republic of China and abroad. We also remain committed to supporting meaningful autonomy for Tibetans, respect for their fundamental and unalienable human rights, and the preservation of their unique religious, cultural, and linguistic identity. In the spirit of true reciprocity, we will work closely with the U.S. Congress to ensure U.S. citizens have full access to all areas of the People’s Republic of China, including the TAR and other Tibetan areas.

会后汇报：约瑟夫·R·拜登总统与中国习近平主席通话 2021年2月10日 约瑟夫·R·拜登总统今天与中国习近平主席通话。总统向中国人民传达农历新年的问候和良好祝愿。拜登总统确认了他保护美国人民的安全、繁荣、健康和生活方式，以及维护一个自由开放的印太地区的重中之重。拜登总统强调了他对北京具胁迫性且不公平的经济行为、在香港的镇压、在新疆侵犯人权的行为，以及在区域内—包括对台湾—日益强硬的行动的根本关切。两位领导也就对抗COVID-19大流行，以及在全球卫生安全、气候变化和预防武器扩散上的共同挑战交换了看法。拜登总统承诺，在能增进美国人民和我们盟友的利益时，要追求务实、以结果为导向的接触。

Readout of President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. Call with President Xi Jinping of China

今天，我们在美国大使馆举办烛光追悼会，悼念32年前，1989年6月4日天安门广场大屠杀的受难者。那些被杀害的人只是想找出新的方式壮大他们所挚爱的国家。他们是我们所铭记的爱国者，他们的勇气不断地启发着我们。 在美国，我们认识到，我们必须不断地努力，才能在日常生活现实中，更全面地反映出我们主张的理想。这需要我们深切反省不足之处，面对一些令人难堪的事实。但是，我们将这些挣扎视为力量的泉源，而不是软肋。几天前，拜登总统到访奥克拉荷马州的塔尔萨，在骇人听闻的塔尔萨种族屠杀发生百周年之际，进行反思。如同总统先生提醒我们的，美国的“为灵魂而战”“240多年来一直不断地在来回拉引之中”。我们这个共和国的建国之父了解必须设法解决人性的缺点，因而建立了权力制衡的体制，将其保存在我们尊重言论自由的宪法中。这就是为什么通过我们自由开放的新闻媒体，得以看到我们所面临真正的挑战。我们对辩论和歧见透明、包容的态度，使得美国人得以团结在一起，共同支持普世人权和基本自由。 在过去的四十年里，我多次长时间居住在中国，和来自各行各业的中国人民共同用餐、交流想法。上世纪80年代初期，我来到这里教书，有幸见证到中国学生的乐观向上，并分享他们对于光明未来的兴奋期待。今天，美国人民和世界各地的人民一道，齐声表达我们绝不会遗忘那些在1989年6月4日被杀害的人，也绝不会让他们美好未来的梦想就此消逝。

Today, we held a candlelight vigil at the U.S. embassy to remember the victims of the massacre in Tiananmen Square 32 years ago on June 4, 1989.  Those killed were only trying to find new ways to strengthen the country they loved.  They were patriots whom we remember, and their courage continues to inspire us. In the United States, we recognize that we must constantly strive to make our daily reality more fully reflect our professed ideals.  That requires us to take a hard look at where we fall short and confront some difficult truths.  However, we see this struggle as a source of strength, not a weakness.  A few days ago, President Biden visited Tulsa, Oklahoma to reflect on the 100th anniversary of the horrific Tulsa race massacre. As the President has reminded us, “the battle for the soul” of America “has been a constant push and pull for more than 240 years.” The founders of our republic recognized the need to address the shortcomings of human nature and created our system of checks and balances that was preserved in our Constitution a reverence for free speech.  That is why you can read about the real challenges we face through our free and open press.  Our transparency and tolerance of debate and differences are what allow Americans to come together in support of universal human rights and fundamental freedoms. I have lived in China for extended periods over the past four decades and have enjoyed sharing meals and exchanging ideas with Chinese people from all walks of life.  When I taught here in the early 1980s, I had the privilege of witnessing the optimism of Chinese students and shared their excitement for a brighter future.  The American people join others around the world today to say that we will never forget those killed on June 4, 1989, nor will we let go of their dreams for a better future.

美国常驻联合国使团 新闻和公共外交办公室 即刻发布 2021年10月18日 琳达·托马斯-格林菲尔德大使就科林·鲍威尔将军的辞世发表声明 今天，前国务卿科林·鲍威尔（Colin Powell）的辞世让我们失去了一位美国英雄。 他的一生影响了那么多人。从与他一起长大的纽约人，到那些他在美国国务院辅导过的人，再到那些在军中接受他指挥的人；今天我们许多人感到悲伤。 他出身于移民家庭，是美国首位非裔国务卿，还是首位非裔同时也是最年轻的参谋长联席会议主席。他代表了美国所孕育的最好的样子。他打破了藩篱，待人以尊重、正直和体面，不论对方是何级别。 我将永远不会忘记当我有幸在美国国务院为他工作时，他向我展现的善意。在此后的这些年里，他从未因为过于繁忙而停止进行分享或提供辅导。 斯人已逝，但他的遗产将长存于他在整个职业生涯中激励过的无数人身上。我向他的家人致以诚挚的慰问。 ###

United States Mission to the United Nations Office of Press and Public Diplomacy For Immediate Release October 18, 2021 Statement by Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield on the Passing of General Colin Powell Today, we lost an American hero with the passing of former Secretary of State Colin Powell. His life touched so many. From the New Yorkers who grew up with him, to those he mentored at the State Department, to those who served under him in the military; so many of us grieve today. The son of immigrants, the first Black American Secretary of State and the youngest and first Black Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, he represented the best America has to offer. He broke down barriers and treated people with respect, integrity and decency, no matter their rank. I will never forget the kindness he showed me when I had the honor to work for him at the State Department. In the years since, he was never too busy to share or to mentor. Though he is gone, his legacy will live on through the countless individuals he inspired throughout his career. I offer my heartfelt condolences to his family. ###

拜登总统发表讲话回应俄罗斯在乌克兰的行动 白宫 2022 年 2 月 22 日 东厅 美国东部标准时间下午 2 点 22 分 总统：你要拿定主意，是吗？（笑声） 下午好。昨天，弗拉基米尔·普京宣布承认乌克兰的两个地区为独立国家，并且荒谬地宣称这些地区已不再是乌克兰及其主权领土的一部分。简言之，俄罗斯宣布它在将乌克兰的一大片土地瓜分出去。 昨晚，普京授权俄罗斯军队进驻这个地区，这些地区。今天，他宣称这些地区——实际上比他已经承认的两个地区更为纵深，将目前由乌克兰政府管辖的大片地区宣称为己有。 在我看来，他是在为用武力占领更多领土制造理由。如果听他昨晚的讲话——我知道你们许多人都听了——他是在为更进一步的入侵制造理由。 这是俄罗斯入侵乌克兰的开端，他已经这样表示而且已经要求他的杜马 (Duma) 授权使他能这样做。 所以，让我们开始——所以，作为回应我将开始实施制裁，这一制裁将远远超出我们及盟国和合作伙伴在 2014 年所采取的步骤。如果俄罗斯继续其侵略行动，我们将随时准备实行更进一步的制裁。 普京竟敢冒天下之大不韪，荒唐地认为他有权在属于其邻国的领土上宣布成立所谓新的国家，这是对国际法的公然践踏，国际社会需要对此作出坚决回应。 在过去几个月里，我们一直在与我们的北约盟国以及欧洲和世界各地的合作伙伴密切协调，做好回应准备。我们一直是这样说的，我在一个多月前也曾当面告诉普京，一旦俄罗斯入侵乌克兰，我们会共同采取行动。 俄罗斯现在通过宣布这些是独立国家确凿无疑侵犯了乌克兰。 因此，为了回应他们昨天的行动，我今天宣布第一批制裁措施，让俄罗斯为此付出代价。这些经过了我们的盟国和合作伙伴的密切协调。如果俄罗斯升级，我们将继续升级制裁。 我们正在对俄罗斯的两家大型金融机构实施全面的封锁制裁：V.E.B.和他们的军事银行。 我们正在对俄罗斯的主权债务实施全面制裁。这意味着我们切断了俄罗斯政府与西方融资的联系。它无法再从西方国家筹集资金，也不能在我们的市场或欧洲市场上对其新债务进行交易。 从明天[今天]开始并将在未来几天里继续的是，我们还将对俄罗斯的权势人物及其家属实施制裁。他们享受克里姆林宫政策带来的腐败利益，也应为此承担痛苦。 鉴于俄罗斯的行动，我们与德国合作，确保北溪二号天然气管道 (Nord Stream 2) 项目——正如我所承诺的——将不会继续进行。 在俄罗斯盘算下一步行动的同时，我们也准备好我们的下一步行动。如果俄罗斯继续其侵略行径，它将付出更大的代价，包括更多的制裁。 与此同时，美国将继续向乌克兰提供防御性援助。我们将继续巩固我们的北约盟国并使他们安心。 今天，针对俄罗斯表明不会从白俄罗斯撤军，我授权对驻扎欧洲的美军及装备做进一步调动，以加强我们的波罗的海盟国，包括爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚和立陶宛。 需要明确说明的是，这些完全是我们方面所采取的防御性举措。我们无意与俄罗斯开战。但是，我们所传达的是一个明确无误的信息，即美国将与盟国共同保卫北约的每一寸领土，并恪守我们对北约做出的承诺。 我们仍然认为，俄罗斯准备对乌克兰发动进一步的大规模军事攻击。我希望在这一点上我是错的——希望在这点上我们是错的。然而，俄罗斯已经把针对包括主要城市和首都基辅 (Kyiv)在内的乌克兰其余领土的威胁升级。 目前仍有远超过 15万的俄罗斯军队在包围着乌克兰。并且，正如我所说，俄罗斯军队仍然驻扎在白俄罗斯，旨在从北部对乌克兰发动攻击，包括军用飞机和攻击性导弹系统。 俄罗斯已将军队移至更靠近乌克兰与俄罗斯的边界。俄罗斯海军舰艇正在乌克兰南部的黑海运作，包括两栖攻击舰、导弹巡洋舰和潜艇。 俄罗斯已将血浆和医疗设备等物资运到边境。除非打算发动战争，否则不会需要血浆。 在过去的几天里，我们已经清楚地看到了布林肯国务卿上周在联合国安理会上所预示的俄罗斯将玩弄的伎俩：沿顿巴斯 (Donbas) 接触线的军事挑衅和栽赃行动大幅增加；通过镜头渲染播放普京的安全委员会会议以在俄罗斯公众面前造势；而现在进行政治挑衅，明显再度违反国际法，宣布承认建立在乌克兰主权领土上的所谓独立共和国。 普京总统要求俄罗斯议会授权在俄罗斯领土之外使用武力。这是在为俄罗斯进一步的借口和进一步的挑衅做准备，以便为其进一步的军事行动制造理由。 没有人——我们没有人应被愚弄。我们谁也不会被愚弄。没有任何正当理由。 未来几天继续存在着俄罗斯进一步攻击乌克兰的严重威胁。如果俄罗斯继续下去，将由俄罗斯，而且只有由俄罗斯，承担责任。 在我们做出回应的同时，本届政府利用我们拥有的一切可能手段保护美国企业和消费者免受油价上涨的影响。正如我上周所说，捍卫自由也会让我们在国内付出代价。对此，我们需要开诚布公。 但是，当我们这样做的时候，我将采取强有力的行动，以确保我们的制裁给俄罗斯而非我们自己的经济带来痛苦。 我们正在对任何可能出现的能源供应干扰进行密切监视。我们正在与主要的石油生产消费者和生产商协调实施一项计划，旨在通过共同投资，确保稳定性和全球的能源供应。 这将对油价起作用。我想减轻汽油价格为美国人民带来的痛苦，这对我来说至关重要。 在过去几天里，我一直与包括乌克兰总统泽连斯基在内的欧洲领导人保持着联系。哈里斯副总统周末在德国慕尼黑会议（Munich Conference）上直接与许多领导人见面，包括泽连斯基总统。 我们所迈出的每一步都表明，美国与盟国以及合作伙伴步调一致，这是普京先生所始料未及的。我们团结一致地支持乌克兰。我们团结一致地反对俄罗斯的侵略行径。我们团结一致地坚决捍卫我们的北约联盟。我们对俄罗斯正在给全球和平与稳定带来的威胁的紧迫性和严重性有着团结一致的理解。 昨天，全世界都清楚地充分听到了弗拉基米尔·普京对一个多世纪以来的历史进行的歪曲篡改。他振振有词地指出——我不想重述他的话，但是，在普京冗长的演讲中，没有任何内容表明他有兴趣在 2022 年就欧洲安全进行真正的对话。 他直接攻击了乌克兰的生存权。他间接威胁了俄罗斯以前拥有的领土，包括那些今天蓬勃发展的民主制国家和北约成员国。他直言不讳地发出战争威胁，除非他的极端要求得到满足。 毫无疑问，俄罗斯是侵略者。所以，我们对我们所面临的挑战保持着清醒的头脑。 尽管如此，仍有时间避免最坏的情况发生；如果他们像所显示那样采取行动，将给数百万人造成难以言喻的苦难。 如果俄罗斯是认真的话，美国及盟国和合作伙伴继续对外交途径持开放态度。归根结蒂，我们将通过其行动而非言语来评判俄罗斯。 无论俄罗斯下一步做什么，我们随时准备作出团结、明确和坚定的回应。 如果有进一步行动，我们很可能有更多信息分享。我希望仍然有外交途径。 非常感谢大家。 美国东部标准时间下午 2 点 32 分   欲查看原稿内容: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/02/22/remarks-by-president-biden-announcing-response-to-russian-actions-in-ukraine/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。 ###

Remarks by President Biden Announcing Response to Russian Actions in Ukraine FEBRUARY 22, 2022•SPEECHES AND REMARKS East Room 2:22 P.M. EST THE PRESIDENT:  Trying to make up your mind, huh?  (Laughter.) Well, good afternoon.  Yesterday, Vladimir Putin recognized two regions of Ukraine as independent states and he bizarrely asserted that these regions are no longer part of Ukraine and their sovereign territory.  To put it simply, Russia just announced that it is carving out a big chunk of Ukraine. Last night, Putin authorized Russian forces to deploy into the region — these regions.  Today, he asserted that these regions are — actually extend deeper than the two areas he recognized, claiming large areas currently under the jurisdiction of the Ukraine government. He’s setting up a rationale to take more territory by force, in my view.  And if we listen to his speech last night — and many of you did, I know — he’s — he’s setting up a rationale to go much further. This is the beginning of a Russian invasion of Ukraine, as he indicated and asked permission to be able to do from his Duma. So, let’s begin to — so, I’m going to begin to impose sanctions in response, far beyond the steps we and our Allies and partners implemented in 2014.  And if Russia goes further with this invasion, we stand prepared to go further as — with sanction. Who in the Lord’s name does Putin think gives him the right to declare new so-called countries on territory that belonged to his neighbors?  This is a flagrant violation of international law, and it demands a firm response from the international community. Over the last few months, we have coordinated closely with our NATO Allies and partners in Europe and around the world to prepare that response.  We’ve said all along and I’ve told Putin to his face a mon- — a month a- — more than a month ago that we would act together and the moment Russia moved against Ukraine. Russia has now undeniably moved against Ukraine by declaring these independent states. So, today, I’m announcing the first tranche of sanctions to impose costs on Russia in response to their actions yesterday.  These have been closely coordinated with our Allies and partners, and we’ll continue to escalate sanctions if Russia escalates. We’re implementing full blocking sanctions on two large Russian financial institutions: V.E.B. and their military bank. We’re implementing comprehensive sanctions on Russian sovereign debt.  That means we’ve cut off Russia’s government from Western financing.  It can no longer raise money from the West and cannot trade in its new debt on our markets or European markets either. Starting tomorrow [today] and continuing in the days ahead, we will also impose sanctions on Russia’s elites and their family members.  They share in the corrupt gains of the Kremlin policies and should share in the pain as well. And because of Russia’s actions, we’ve worked with Germany to ensure Nord Stream 2 will not — as I promised — will not move forward. As Russia contemplates its next move, we have our next move prepared as well.  Russia will pay an even steeper price if it continues its aggression, including additional sanctions. The United States will continue to provide defensive assistance to Ukraine in the meantime.  And we’ll continue to reinforce and reassure our NATO Allies. Today, in response to Russia’s admission that it will not withdraw its forces from Belarus, I have authorized additional movements of U.S. forces and equipment already stationed in Europe to strengthen our Baltic Allies — Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Let me be clear: These are totally defensive moves on our part.  We have no intention of fighting Russia.  We want to send an unmistakable message, though, that the United States, together with our Allies, will defend every inch of NATO territory and abide by the commitments we made to NATO. We still believe that Russia is poised to go much further in launching a massive military attack against Ukraine.  I hope I’m wrong about that — hope we’re wrong about that.  But Russia has only escalated its threat against the rest of Ukrainian territory, including major cities and including the capital city of Kyiv. There are — there are still well over 150,000 Russian troops surrounding Ukraine.  And as I said, Russian forces remain positioned in Belarus to attack Ukraine from the north, including war planes and offensive missile systems. Russia has moved troops closer to Ukraine’s border with Russia.  Russia’s naval vessels are maneuvering in the Black Sea to Ukraine’s south, including amphibious assault ships, missile cruisers, and submarines. Russia has moved supplies of blood and medical equipment into position on their border.  You don’t need blood unless you plan on starting a war. And over the last few days, we’ve seen much of the playbook that Secretary Blinken laid out last week at the United Nations Security Council come to pass: a major increase in military provocations and false-flag events along the line of contact in the Donbas; dramatically staged, conveniently on-camera meeting of Putin’s Security Council to grandstand for the Russian public; and now political provocation of recognizing sovereign Ukrainian territory as so-called independent republics in clear violation, again, of international law. President Putin has sought authorization from the Russian parliament to use military force outside of Russian territory.  And this set the stage for further pretexts and further provocations by Russia to try to justify further military action. None of us — none of us should be fooled.  None of us will be fooled.  There is no justification. Further Russian assault into Ukraine remains a severe threat in the days ahead.  And if Russia proceeds, it is Russia, and Russia alone, that bears the responsibility. As we respond, my administration is using every tool at our disposal to protect American businesses and consumers from rising prices at the pump.  As I said last week, defending freedom will have costs for us as well, here at home.  We need to be honest about that. But as we will do — but as we do this, I’m going to take robust action and make sure the pain of our sanctions is targeted at the Russian economy, not ours. We are closely monitoring energy supplies for any disruption.  We’re executing a plan in coordination with major oil-producing consumers and producers toward a collective investment to secure stability and global energy supplies. This will be — this will blunt gas prices.  I want to limit the pain the American people are feeling at the gas pump.  This is critical to me. In the last few days, I have been in constant contact with European leaders, including with Ukrainian President Zelenskyy.  Vice President Harris met in person with leaders in Germany over the weekend at the Munich Conference, including President Zelenskyy. At every step, we have shown that the United States and our Allies and partners are working in unison — which he hasn’t been counting on — Mr. Putin.  We’re united in our support of Ukraine.  We’re united in our opposition to Russian aggression.  And we’re united in our resolve to defend our NATO Alliance.  And we’re united in our understanding of the urgency and seriousness of the threat Russia is making to global peace and stability. Yesterday, the world heard clearly the full extent of Vladimir Putin’s twisted rewrite of history, going back more than a century, as he waxed eloquently, noting that — well, I’m not going to go into it, but nothing in Putin’s lengthy remarks indicated any interest in pursuing real dialogue on European security in the year 2022. He directly attacked Ukraine’s right to exist.  He indirectly threatened territory formerly held by Russia, including nations that today are thriving democracies and members of NATO.  He explicitly threatened war unless his extreme demands were met. And there is no question that Russia is the aggressor.  So we’re clear-eyed about the challenges we’re facing. Nonetheless, there is still time to avert the worst-case scenario that will bring untold suffering to millions of people if they move as suggested. The United States and our Allies and partners remain open to diplomacy if it is serious.  When all is said and done, we’re going to judge Russia by its actions, not its words. And whatever Russia does next, we’re ready to respond with unity, clarity, and conviction. We’ll probably have more to say about this as we — if it moves on.  I’m hoping diplomacy is still available. Thank you all very much. 2:32 P.M. EST

蓬佩奥国务卿与大韩民国文总统举行会晤 简报 发言人办公室 华盛顿DC 2019年4月11日 以下来自发言人摩根·奥特葛斯 国务卿迈克尔·R·蓬佩奥和国家安全顾问约翰·博尔顿今日在华盛顿与大韩民国总统文在寅举行了会晤。美方与韩方确认了他们对于实现朝鲜民主主义人民共和国最终、经完全核实的去核化的决心。蓬佩奥国务卿和国家安全顾问博尔顿赞扬了美韩同盟的持久力量，他们还承诺继续就朝鲜以及其他地区问题与韩国的密切合作。

Readout Office of the Spokesperson Washington, DC April 11, 2019 The below is attributable to Spokesperson Morgan Ortagus:‎ Secretary of State Michael R. Pompeo and National Security Advisor John Bolton met with Republic of Korea (ROK) President Moon Jae-in today in Washington. The U.S. and ROK sides affirmed their commitment to achieving the final, fully verified denuclearization of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK). Secretary Pompeo and National Security Advisor Bolton praised the enduring strength of the U.S.-ROK Alliance, and they vowed to continue close cooperation with the ROK on the DPRK and other regional issues.

美国证券交易委员会（SEC） 华盛顿特区 2022年8月26日   2022 年 8 月 26 日，美国上市公司会计监督委员会 (PCAOB) 与中国证券监督管理委员会 (CSRC) 及中国财政部签署了一份操作规程说明协议。该协议及指导检查和调查的两个操作规程协议（统称为“SOP 协议”）共同建立了一个具体的问责框架，使 PCAOB 能够根据美国法律要求对设在中国和香港的审计事务所进行全面检查和调查。 问：为什么这些检查和调查很重要？ 问：该协议是否有必要？ 问：制定协议是否意味着满足了《外国公司问责法》(HFCAA)的要求？ 问：PCAOB 是否有其他协议或 SOP，如果有，这份协议有何不同？ 问：谁可以选择接受检查和调查的审计事务所和项目？ 问：该协议如何处理信息的删节？ 问：PCAOB可以看到哪些材料？ 问：协议将如何处理中国当局认为敏感的信息？ 问：协议如何处理PCAOB执法证词？ 问：协议如何处理 PCAOB 与 SEC 共享文件的问题？ 问：如果只有部分中国审计事务所符合 HFCAA 要求，而其他审计事务所不符合要求，你们会如何处理？ 问：就 PCAOB 检查而言接下来有何步骤？ 问：就 PCAOB 调查而言接下来有何步骤？

On August 26, 2022, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) signed a Statement of Protocol (SOP) Agreement with the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) and China’s Ministry of Finance. The SOP, together with two protocol agreements governing inspections and investigations (together, the “SOP Agreement”), establishes a specific, accountable framework to make possible complete inspections and investigations by the PCAOB of audit firms based in China and Hong Kong, as required under U.S. law. Q: Why do these inspections and investigations matter? • If foreign issuers want to access public U.S. capital markets, they need to comply with our laws and requirements, including those relating to accounting, auditing, and audit inspections and investigations. Investors should be able to trust the numbers, regardless of whether an issuer is foreign or domestic. Q: Was the Agreement necessary? • The PCAOB and Chinese authorities jointly agreed on the need for an agreement. In addition, the PCAOB and the SEC were not willing to have PCAOB inspectors travel to China or Hong Kong unless there was an agreement on a framework allowing the PCAOB to inspect and investigate audit firms completely. Q: Does having an Agreement satisfy the HFCAA? • No. Compliance with the agreement is ultimately what matters. If PCAOB continues to be prohibited from conducting complete inspections and investigations of PCAOB-registered public accounting firms in China and Hong Kong, roughly 200 China-based companies will face trading prohibitions and likely delisting in the U.S. Q: Does the PCAOB have other agreements or SOPs, and, if so, how is this different? • The PCAOB has more than 20 cooperative arrangements, i.e., Statements of Protocol, with jurisdictions around the world. This SOP Agreement is the most detailed, prescriptive arrangement the PCAOB has reached with any country. Q: Who can select the audit firms and engagements subject to inspection and investigation? • The PCAOB has sole discretion to make its selection for inspection. The PCAOB can also select for investigation any potential violations of PCAOB standards, rules, and related federal securities laws by audit firms and their associated persons. Q: How does the Agreement treat redactions of information? • Redactions are not permitted. Q: What materials can the PCAOB see? • PCAOB inspectors and investigators can see all audit documentation without redaction. The SOP Agreement does allow for in camera or “view only” review—as the PCAOB has done in other jurisdictions—of “Restricted Data,” including personally identifiable information. Importantly, under the agreement, the PCAOB can retain any audit information it reviews, including Restricted Data, as needed to support the findings of its inspections and investigations. Q: How does the Agreement treat information if the Chinese authorities deem it sensitive? • The Agreement does not allow withholding or redaction of information contained in audit documentation for any reason. Q: How does the Agreement treat PCAOB enforcement testimony? • The Agreement allows the PCAOB to take testimony of audit firm personnel in China for investigative purposes. PCAOB investigators will be able to question witnesses directly and use its own stenographers to create an official, English-language transcript. Q: How does the Agreement treat PCAOB sharing documents with the SEC? • Under the agreement, the PCAOB can transfer information to the SEC in the normal course. The SEC can use that information for all statutory obligations and routine uses. Q: How would you handle a situation where only some China-based auditors comply with the HFCAA’s requirements while others do not? • The PCAOB’s determination under the HFCAA is a jurisdiction-wide determination, not firm-specific. • The PCAOB must be able to access audit documentation from all of its registered public accounting firms and select any audit engagement—not just some of the firms or some of the engagements—to be able to conduct complete inspections and investigations in China and Hong Kong. Q: What happens next regarding PCAOB inspections? • The PCAOB will notify the audit firms of its plans to inspect, including the specific engagements. PCAOB inspectors will be in Hong Kong by mid-September to start their inspection work. Q: What happens next regarding PCAOB investigations? • The PCAOB has issued document requests to audit firms in China, and the testimony notifications have been sent to witnesses. These audit firms must provide the requested documents to the PCAOB, through the CSRC, on a timely basis such that PCAOB inspectors may conduct inspections of audit documentation and investigators will be able to conduct the interview of witnesses and collect testimony in Hong Kong.   SEC FACT SHEET – Statement of Protocol – Questions and Answers (PDF 252KB)

2022年10月7日   华盛顿—美国商务部工业与安全局(BIS)对其出口管制政策正在进行一系列有针对性的更新，此为BIS保护美国国家安全和外交政策利益而持续努力的一部分。这些更新将限制中华人民共和国（中国）购买并制造用于军事用途的特定高端芯片的能力，并建立在此前发布之政策、公司特定举措，以及BIS采取的轻公开监管、法律和执法行动的基础上。   今天宣布的两项出口管制条例限制了中国获得先进计算芯片、开发和维护超级计算机以及制造先进半导体的能力。中国运用此些项目和能力生产包括大规模杀伤性武器在内的先进军事系统，提高其军事决策、规划、后勤和自主军事系统的速度和准确性，以及实施人权侵犯。最后，这些条例还清楚表明，外国政府妨碍BIS做出合规性决定的行动将通过将公司加入实体清单的形式而影响该公司获取美国技术。   “我在7月份对国会表示，我在BIS的要务是尽我们全力保护我们的国家安全，防止具有军事用途的敏感技术落入中国军方、情报和安全机构手中。” 美国商务部负责工业和安全事务的副部长艾伦·埃斯特维兹（Alan Estevez）表示，“威胁环境一直在变化，我们今天更新我们的政策以确保我们应对中华人民共和国构成的挑战，同时继续与盟友和伙伴沟通协调。”   “中国投入大量资源发展超级计算能力，并寻求到2030年成为人工智能领域的世界领导者。中国使用这些能力来监控、跟踪和监视自己的公民，并助力其军事现代化”，美国商务部负责出口管理的助理部长西娅·D·罗兹曼·肯德勒（Thea D. Rozman Kendler）说， “我们的行动将保护美国的国家安全和外交政策利益，同时也在传达一个明确的讯息，即美国的技术领先关乎创新，亦关乎价值观。”   “BIS确定一方是否遵守我方出口管制条例的能力是我们执法项目的核心原则。” 美国商务部负责出口执法的助理部长马修•S•阿克塞尔罗德(Matthew S. Axelrod)说。 “如果东道国政府妨碍BIS及时进行我们的最终用途检查，我们会将其列入未经核实清单，如果延迟得足够严重，我们会将其列入实体清单，以防止可能损害我们国家安全利益的任何美国技术转移风险。”   美国商务部已向亲密盟友和伙伴就这些管制进行通报并协商。美国商务部在实施本届政府的半导体议程所有要素的过程中将与行业密切合作，以包含确保遵守这些措施。   以下为今天发布的条例摘要和文本的相关链接，以及BIS对与中国有关的出口管制措施的持续更新的相关背景。   实施对先进计算和半导体制造的相关管制:   BIS对先进计算和半导体制造业的条例在两个关键方面表述了美国国家安全和外交政策的关切。第一，条例对某些先进计算半导体芯片、超级计算机最终用途交易以及涉及实体清单上某些实体的交易实施了限制性出口管制；第二，条例对某些半导体制造物项以及某些集成电路 (IC)最终用途的交易实施了新的管制。   具体来说, 条例: 1）将某些先进和高性能计算芯片及含有此类芯片的计算机商品加入《商业管制清单》（CCL）; 2）对运至中国的最终用途为超级计算机或半导体开发或生产的物项增加新的许可证要求; 3）将《出口管理条例》(EAR)的适用范围扩大至某些外国生产的先进计算物项及外国生产的最终用途为超级计算机的物项; 4）将受制于许可证要求的外国生产物项范围扩大到实体清单上位于中国境内的28个现有实体; 5）将某些半导体制造设备和相关物项增加到《商业管制清单》; 6）对目的地为中国的半导体制造“设施”（semiconductor fabrication “facility”）且能制造符合特定标准的集成电路之物项，增加新的许可证要求。由中国实体所有的设施将面临“推定拒绝”政策，而跨国公司所有的设施将基于逐案审查政策决定。相关阈值如下: 7）限制美国人员在没有许可证的情况下支持位于中国的某些半导体制造“设施”（semiconductor fabrication “facilities”）集成电路开发或生产的能力; 8）对开发或生产半导体制造设备和相关项目的出口物项增加新的许可证要求;以及 9）建立临时通用许可证(TGL)，对目的地为中国以外地区使用的物项，允许特定及有限的的相关制造活动，以减少短期内对半导体供应链的影响。 该条例将在向《联邦公报》提交公众审阅后分阶段生效。对半导体制造物项的限制在申请公众审阅时生效(2022年10月7日) ，对美国人支持位于中国的某些半导体制造“设施”（semiconductor fabrication “facilities” ）集成电路的开发、生产或使用能力的限制于5天后生效(2022年10月12日) ，对先进计算和超级计算机的管制，以及条例中的其他更改于14天后生效(2022年10月21日) 。此外，对所有此些变化的公众意见应在《联邦公报》出版之日起60天内提交给BIS。条例文本可在《联邦公报》网站【这里】查看。     BIS未经核实清单的修订:   BIS亦在更新其与BIS实体清单相关的法规以阐明，与东道国政府持续的缺乏合作将极大阻碍BIS确定实体有否遵守《出口管理条例》(EAR)，进而可能致使该实体被列入实体清单中。   该条例提供了一个例子规定，外国政府持续的缺乏合作阻碍了BIS对未经核查清单（UVL）上公司的善意作出核实，而如果最终用途检查没有及时安排和完成，则可能导致这些公司被移至实体清单。所有对实体清单作出的增加、移除或修订仍需经最终用户审查委员会批准，依据现有规则，该委员会由美国商务部、国务院、国防部和能源部组成。   该条例增加了31个新实体至未经核查清单，并移除了9个已符合相关要求的实体。   与该规则变化一致的是，出口执法部门发布了一份名为Addressing Foreign Government Prevention of End-Use Checks的政策备忘录。该备忘录可在【这里】的网站上查看。该政策要求在提出检查但因东道国政府无行动而妨碍核查完成的60天之后将相关方加入未经核查清单，以及在东道国政府持续缺乏合作以协助完成检查的情况下，额外60天的程序以将未经核查清单相关方添加到实体清单中。   该条例的文本，包括增加和移除相关方的清单，可在《联邦公报》网站上查看:【这里】。该条例于2022年10月7日生效。   补充背景   今天宣布的条例是商务部副部长埃斯特维兹在2022年7月的国会听证会上宣布的对中国正在进行的出口管制政策审查的一部分，并是继过去几个月里采取了若干监管和执法行动后宣布的，包括： BIS今天的行动是根据《2018年出口管制改革法案》及其实施条例《出口管制条例》采取的。 根据这些条例，出于国家安全和外交政策的原因，BIS拥有各种工具控制美国原产和某些外国生产的商品、软件和技术的出口，以及美国人员的具体活动。这些工具包括发布联邦法规，以及使用许可证和监管程序来采取针对特定相关方的行动。 欲了解更多信息，请访问BIS的网站：https://bis.doc.gov

Commerce Implements New Export Controls on Advanced Computing and Semiconductor Manufacturing Items to the People’s Republic of China (PRC)  October 7, 2022 Washington, D.C.—The Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is implementing a series of targeted updates to its export controls as part of BIS’s ongoing efforts to protect U.S. national security and foreign policy interests. These updates will restrict the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC’s) ability to both purchase and manufacture certain high-end chips used in military applications and build on prior policies, company-specific actions, and less public regulatory, legal, and enforcement actions taken by BIS. The export controls announced in the two rules today restrict the PRC’s ability to obtain advanced computing chips, develop and maintain supercomputers, and manufacture advanced semiconductors. These items and capabilities are used by the PRC to produce advanced military systems including weapons of mass destruction; improve the speed and accuracy of its military decision making, planning, and logistics, as well as of its autonomous military systems; and commit human rights abuses. Finally, these rules make clear that foreign government actions that prevent BIS from making compliance determinations will impact a company’s access to U.S. technology through addition to the Entity List. “As I told Congress in July, my north star at BIS is to ensure that we are appropriately doing everything in our power to protect our national security and prevent sensitive technologies with military applications from being acquired by the People’s Republic of China’s military, intelligence, and security services,” said Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security Alan Estevez. “The threat environment is always changing, and we are updating our policies today to make sure we’re addressing the challenges posed by the PRC while we continue our outreach and coordination with allies and partners.” “The PRC has poured resources into developing supercomputing capabilities and seeks to become a world leader in artificial intelligence by 2030. It is using these capabilities to monitor, track, and surveil their own citizens, and fuel its military modernization,” said Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Export Administration Thea D. Rozman Kendler. “Our actions will protect U.S. national security and foreign policy interests while also sending a clear message that U.S. technological leadership is about values as well as innovation.” “BIS’s ability to determine whether a party is in compliance with our export control rules is a core tenet of our enforcement program,” said Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Export Enforcement Matthew S. Axelrod. “Where BIS is prevented by a host government from conducting our end-use checks in a timely manner, we will add parties to the Unverified List, and if the delay is extreme enough, the Entity List, to prevent the risk of diversion of any U.S. technology that could undermine our national security interests.” The Department of Commerce briefed and consulted with close allies and partners on these controls. The Department will work closely with industry as we implement all elements of the Administration’s semiconductor agenda, to include ensuring compliance with these measures. Summaries of the rules released today and relevant links to the rule text are provided below, along with additional background on BIS’s ongoing work to update its approach to export controls related to the PRC. Implementing Controls Related to Advanced Computing and Semiconductor Manufacturing: BIS’s rule on advanced computing and semiconductor manufacturing addresses U.S. national security and foreign policy concerns in two key areas. First, the rule imposes restrictive export controls on certain advanced computing semiconductor chips, transactions for supercomputer end-uses, and transactions involving certain entities on the Entity List. Second, the rule imposes new controls on certain semiconductor manufacturing items and on transactions for certain integrated circuit (IC) end uses. Specifically, the rule: 1.) Adds certain advanced and high-performance computing chips and computer commodities that contain such chips to the Commerce Control List (CCL); 2.) Adds new license requirements for items destined for a supercomputer or semiconductor development or production end use in the PRC; 3.) Expands the scope of the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) over certain foreign-produced advanced computing items and foreign produced items for supercomputer end uses; 4.) Expands the scope of foreign-produced items subject to license requirements to twenty-eight existing entities on the Entity List that are located in the PRC; 5.) Adds certain semiconductor manufacturing equipment and related items to the CCL; 6.) Adds new license requirements for items destined to a semiconductor fabrication “facility” in the PRC that fabricates ICs meeting specified. Licenses for facilities owned by PRC entities will face a “presumption of denial,” and facilities owned by multinationals will be decided on a case-by-case basis. The relevant thresholds are as follows: 7.) Restricts the ability of U.S. persons to support the development, or production, of ICs at certain PRC-located semiconductor fabrication “facilities” without a license; 8.) Adds new license requirements to export items to develop or produce semiconductor manufacturing equipment and related items; and 9.) Establishes a Temporary General License (TGL) to minimize the short-term impact on the semiconductor supply chain by allowing specific, limited manufacturing activities related to items destined for use outside the PRC. The rule is effective in phases after being filed for Public Inspection with the Federal Register. The semiconductor manufacturing items restrictions are effective upon filing for Public Inspection (October 7, 2022), the restrictions on U.S. persons’ ability to support the development, production, or use of ICs at certain PRC-located semiconductor fabrication “facilities” is effective five days later (October 12, 2022), and the advanced computing and supercomputer controls, as well as the other changes in the rule, are effective 14 days later (October 21, 2022). Additionally, public comments on all of these changes are due to BIS no later than 60 days from the date of Federal Register publication. The text of the rule is available on the Federal Register’s website here. Revisions to BIS’s Unverified List: BIS is also updating its regulations related to BIS’s Entity List to clarify that a sustained lack of cooperation by the host government that effectively prevents BIS from determining compliance with the EAR may lead to the addition of an entity to the Entity List. The rule provides an example that stipulates that sustained lack of cooperation by a foreign government that prevents BIS from verifying the bona fides of companies on the Unverified List (UVL) can result in those parties being moved to the Entity List, if an end-use check is not timely scheduled and completed. All additions, removals, or revisions to the Entity List are still subject to the approval of the End-User Review Committee, which is made up of the Departments of Commerce, State, Defense, and Energy pursuant to existing rules. The rule adds 31 new entities to the UVL and removes 9 entities that have met relevant requirements. Consistent with this regulatory change, Export Enforcement has issued a policy memorandum Addressing Foreign Government Prevention of End-Use Checks. The memo is available online here.  The policy calls for adding parties to the Unverified List 60 days after checks are requested but host government inaction prevents their completion, and an additional 60-day process for adding UVL parties to the Entity List when there is a sustained lack of cooperation by a host government to facilitate completion of the checks. Text of the rule, which includes the list of parties added and removed, is available on the Federal Register’s website here. The rule takes effect on October 7, 2022. Additional Background: The rules announced today are part of the ongoing review of BIS’s export control policies towards the PRC announced by Under Secretary Estevez during Congressional hearings in July 2022 and follow several regulatory and enforcement actions taken over the past few months including: BIS’s actions today were taken under the authority of the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 and its implementing regulations, the EAR. Under these authorities, BIS possesses a variety of tools to control the export of U.S.-origin and certain foreign-produced commodities, software, and technology as well as specific activities of U.S. persons, for national security and foreign policy reasons. These tools include issuing federal regulations, as well as using the licensing and regulatory process to take party-specific actions. For more information, please visit BIS’s website at: https://bis.doc.gov

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿特区 2022年5月11日 发言人内德·普赖斯的声明 香港当局根据《国家安全法》逮捕了陈日君（Joseph Zen）枢机主教、吴霭仪（Margaret Ng）、许宝强（Hui Po-keung）和何韵诗（Denise Ho），这再次表明，香港当局会动用一切所需手段压制异议并削弱受保护的权利和自由。许宝强在香港国际机场出发前被逮捕进一步显示，地方当局出于政治目的而禁止某些居民离境。上述几人曾是“612人道支援基金”（612 Humanitarian Relief Fund）的信托人，该组织帮助使数以千计被逮捕的香港民主示威人士获得用于医护、法律顾问、心理咨询和紧急经济救助的资金。 我们呼吁立即释放仍然在押的人士，并且继续与香港人民站在一起。   欲查看原稿内容:   https://www.state.gov/humanitarian-relief-trustees-arrested-in-hong-kong/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

PRESS STATEMENT NED PRICE, DEPARTMENT SPOKESPERSON MAY 11, 2022 By arresting Cardinal Joseph Zen, Margaret Ng, Hui Po-keung, and Denise Ho under the National Security Law, Hong Kong authorities have again demonstrated they will pursue all means necessary to stifle dissent and undercut protected rights and freedoms.  Hui Po-keung’s arrest at Hong Kong International Airport prior to his departure further indicates local authorities maintain a politically motivated exit ban on certain residents. These individuals served as trustees of the 612 Humanitarian Relief Fund, which helped thousands of arrested Hong Kong democracy protestors access funds for medical aid, legal advice, psychological counseling, and emergency financial relief. We call for the immediate release of those who remain in custody and continue to stand with people in Hong Kong.

讲话 东亚和太平洋事务局助理国务卿史达伟（David R. Stilwell） 有关加强跨境河流治理的印度-太平洋地区会议 视频会议 2020年10月15日 请点击此处阅读讲话的英文全文：https://www.state.gov/remarks-at-indo-pacific-conference-on-strengthening-transboundary-river-governance

REMARKS DAVID R. STILWELL, ASSISTANT SECRETARY BUREAU OF EAST ASIAN AND PACIFIC AFFAIRS INDO-PACIFIC CONFERENCE ON STRENGTHENING TRANSBOUNDARY RIVER GOVERNANCE VIA VIDEOCONFERENCE OCTOBER 15, 2020 For full remarks in English, please click here: https://www.state.gov/remarks-at-indo-pacific-conference-on-strengthening-transboundary-river-governance/

原文发表于：https://pjmedia.com/claudiarosett/now-is-exactly-the-time-to-investigate-the-whos-catastrophic-public-failures-and-internal-rot/ 免责声明：这篇文章里表达的观点不代表美国政府官方政策。 克劳蒂娅·罗塞特   (CLAUDIA ROSETT ) 2020年4月15日 特朗普总统决定在审议世界卫生组织在“严重管理不善并掩饰病毒疫情”当中扮演的角色时暂停美国对该组织的资助，这是恰恰正确的。特朗普要求世卫组织整顿其恶劣又具误导性的行为，停止向中国叩头，这不仅是为美国，也是为全世界做了一件重要的事。 但此时出现了担忧的声音，说在这个特殊时刻，正处1918年以来最严重的疾病大流行之际，不该在此时打断世卫组织每年从美国纳税人那里拿到的约5亿美元。世卫组织的一大支持者比尔·盖茨表示这个联合国的卫生部门是无可取代的。北京政府的一名发言人宣称特朗普的决定将会削弱世卫组织，且“损害国际合作。“ 联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯认为世卫组织”对世界努力打赢抗击COVID-19的战役是绝对关键的” ，并且任何对世卫组织的审议应当等到“我们终于翻过了此次疫情的这一页”之后。 不要上当。希波克拉底誓言叮嘱医生们毋傷害，世卫组织章程里对其总干事与其工作人员有类似的要求。但是今天世卫组织的伤害已达到造成全球疫情大流行的规模，以其糟糕透顶的保证（“没有明显证据显示人传人”）、其乖张的指示（“世卫组织建议不要实施任何国际运输的限制”）以及其对中国毁灭性谎言和集权行径的歌颂（“中国应被感谢和尊重”）误导了全世界。 造成当前全球疫情大流行的罪魁祸首是中国掌权的共产党，但这也不代表世卫组织就没错。中国于12月31日通报武汉的疫情爆发，但之后近三周淡化明显的危险，压制来自武汉恐惧的医生们的警告，掩藏在武汉呈指数扩散令人忧心的迹象，直到离开中国的旅客已经把大量的感染传播到国外。世卫组织若不是无知，就是同谋—不论是哪种情况都给人不佳印象，世卫组织数周持续欺骗，称新冠病毒对世界其他地方不构成威胁。 在疾病传播开来时，世卫组织发出了一系列错误信息，包括现在恶名昭彰的1月14日的推文，称中国有关部门未发现“明显证据显示人传人。“ 即便在中国于1月20日承认该疾病在人类之间有高度传染性之后，即便中国在1月23日对武汉全市进行强制封城之后，谭德塞和他的团队依然迟迟不肯敲响严正的警钟。直到1月30日，武汉封城一周后，谭德塞闪电访问北京，向中国的暴君习近平主席献殷勤之后，世卫组织才终于做出国际公共卫生紧急事件的宣布。 COVID-19始於武汉的实验室内，世卫组织助“中国掩藏证据“ 特朗普于1月31日限制与中国之间的旅行，减缓病毒传入美国的速度之后，世卫组织（和中国）继续反对任何该类限制（但，当前冠状病毒肆虐全球，中国自身也实施了入境交通运输禁令）。2月初世卫组织执行委员会会议于日内瓦召开时—中国已经正式通报逾17000件冠状病毒病例，超过360人死亡，而美国当时记录了第11件病例—谭德塞在会上重申他对旅行禁令的反对。他告诉委员会中国做得非常好，保护世界免受病毒影响，还称： “在中国以外的任何地方染病的机率非常低。” 世卫组织控制COVID-19的一贯做法大概是这样，包括谭德塞拖延到3月11日才宣布全球疫情大流行。那时疾病已经散布至超过100个国家—世卫组织还叹称，如果大家都仿效中国“了不起的成就”，还是可以得到控制。（与此同时，中国官方控制的媒体报导的头条包括“世卫组织的独立性不应被质疑。“） 现在，谭德塞和他的团队已经不得不改口，考虑到病毒已经散布至中国以外的184个国家和区域，全球累计病例超越200万，超过134000人死亡。近日，随着死亡人数增加，全球陷入恐慌、隔离和接踵而至的经济崩溃，谭德塞和他世卫组织的副手们耗费大量时间呼吁全世界要“团结“—另再加上大笔钞票用于世卫组织继续不断扩张的疾控冒险旅程。（虽然上周谭德塞暂时打断了他全世界团结的呼吁，点名侮辱并攻击台湾的民主政府—台湾政府和世卫组织不同，他们一开始就察觉冠状病毒的威胁，进而采取行动。） 在中国的病毒谎言里，由总干事谭德塞·阿达诺姆·盖布雷耶苏斯带领的世卫组织已成为狂热的帮凶。打着世卫组织的旗帜，谭德塞和他的团队为北京的谎言、抵赖和宣传粉饰太平。他们赞扬中国是透明度的典范、疾病管理的模范，即便在关于中国政府的欺瞒和残暴对待自己人民的惊人报导出现时依然继续。很明显地，谭德塞认为如果美国限制与之间中国的旅行，那会造成世卫组织的严重关切。但如果中国威胁、逮捕或强迫失踪其本国仗义执言的医生和博主们，或把病人锁在家里，任其死亡，却不是世卫组织该管的事。 但世卫组织这种扭曲的标准不应令人惊讶。中国至少在13年前就开始拓殖世卫组织，当时中国的候选人，香港前卫生署署长陳馮富珍，成为世卫组织的总干事，任职10年直到谭德塞接任。陳馮富珍之前在香港由于2003年的非典疫情早期缓慢又失败的反应已经备受争议。该疾病由中国传入香港。在她的领导下，世卫组织在2014年西非埃博拉危机的响应糟糕至极—最后是由美国和数个医疗慈善团体伸出援手。华尔街日报一篇社论于2014年11月4日对此作出评论时说，“自上世纪90年代以来，世卫组织一向都更注重把资源投入于政治活动，而非其对抗疾病的核心任务—丢失了这个职能，也难怪世卫组织在埃博拉还没过于猖狂前无法遏制它。“ 听起来是不是很熟悉？ 依照结果看来，在联合国曾有过的严重失误里，2020年世卫组织在处理中国冠状病毒疫情时的失败、谎言、延迟和对北京的谄媚阿谀，和1994年联合国决定无视其维和部队从卢旺达发出、迫在眉睫的种族屠杀绝望的警告不相上下。当时有超过80万人遭屠杀。而当前的全球大流行里，牺牲的人命和受影响的生计已经庞大无比，我们甚至还未得到全面的计数。如果美国继续资助世卫组织，那就是极为不负责任的。在这个不如昔日的联合国卫生机构将世界带往更深的灾难之前，现在就急需一个针对其公共失败和内部腐败的调查。

Originally published on https://pjmedia.com/claudiarosett/now-is-exactly-the-time-to-investigate-the-whos-catastrophic-public-failures-and-internal-rot/  Disclaimer: the views expressed in this article are not official U.S. government policy. By Claudia Rosett  April 15, 2020           President Trump made precisely the right call in suspending U.S. funding to the World Health Organization, pending a review of its role in “severely mismanaging and covering up the coronavirus.” Trump is doing an important service not only to America, but to the world, with his demands that the WHO clean up its abysmal and misleading act, and stop kowtowing to China. But here comes the chorus of alarms that this particular moment, in the midst of the worst pandemic since 1918, is not the time to interrupt the WHO’s annual intake of roughly $500 million from U.S. taxpayers. Bill Gates, a big backer of the WHO, declares the United Nations health agency irreplaceable. A Beijing government spokesman proclaims that Trump’s decision will weaken the WHO and “undermine international cooperation.” UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres opines that the WHO is “absolutely critical to the world’s efforts to win the war against COVID-19” and any review of the WHO should wait till “we have finally turned the page on this epidemic.” Don’t fall for it. The Hippocratic Oath enjoins doctors to do no harm, and the WHO Constitution includes similiar requirements of the director-general and his staff. But today’s WHO has done harm on a pandemic scale, misleading the world with its rotten assurances (“no clear evidence of human-to-human transmission“), its perverse prescriptions (“WHO advises against the application of any restrictions of international traffic“) and its paeons to China’s ruinous fictions and totalitarian ways (“China deserves gratitude and respect“). Nor does it excuse the WHO that the prime culprit of today’s pandemic is China’s ruling Communist Party. China reported the Wuhan outbreak to the WHO on Dec. 31, but for almost three more weeks downplayed the evident dangers, stifled the warnings of Wuhan’s terrified doctors and hid the alarming signs of exponential spread in Wuhan until travelers leaving China had richly seeded infections abroad. Either the WHO was clueless, or complicit –neither scenario reflects well on the WHO’s deceptive drumbeat, for weeks, that this novel coronavirus was no threat to the rest of the planet. As the disease spread, the WHO put out a stream of misinformation, including the now-infamous Jan. 14 message on Twitter that Chinese authorities had found “no clear evidence of human-to-human transmission.” Even after China admitted on Jan. 20 that the disease was highly contagious among humans, even after China on Jan. 23 forcibly locked down the entire city of Wuhan, Tedros and his team delayed sounding a serious alarm.  It wasn’t until Jan. 30, a week after the Wuhan lockdown, and following Tedros’s lightning trip to Beijing to pay court to China’s tyrant, President Xi Jinping, that the WHO finally declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. COVID-19 Started in Wuhan Lab and WHO Helped ‘Chinese Cover Tracks’ Following Trump’s Jan. 31 restrictions on China travel, which slowed the spread of the virus into the U.S., the WHO (and China) carried on objecting to any such restrictions (though, with the coronavirus now amplifying around the globe, China has imposed its own bans on inbound traffic). At a WHO executive board meeting in Geneva, in early February — by which time China was officially reporting more than 17,000 coronavirus cases and more than 360 deaths, and the U.S. was recording its 11th case — Tedros reiterated his objection to travel restrictions. He told the board that China was doing a great job of protecting the world from the virus, adding: “The chances of getting this going to anywhere outside China is very low… .“ That’s been pretty much the tenor of WHO’s approach, at every turn, to COVID-19 control, including Tedros’s delay in declaring a pandemic until March 11. By that time the disease had spread to more than 100 countries — as the WHO intoned that it could still be contained if everyone took a cue from China’s “amazing achievement.” (Meantime, China’s state-controlled press was coming up with headlines such as “WHO’s independence should not be doubted.”) By now, Tedros and his team have had to adjust their messaging to take into account the virus’s spread to at least 184 countries and regions outside China, with cumulative cases worldwide numbering more than two million, and more than 134,000 deaths. These days, amid a rising death count and global landscape of fear, quarantines and cascading economic ruin,  Tedros and his lieutenants at the WHO spend a lot of time calling for total global “solidarity” — plus lots more money for the WHO to continue its ever-expanding adventures in disease control. (Though last week, Tedros interrupted his calls for total global unity in order to single out for insult and attack the democratic government of Taiwan — which, unlike the WHO, discerned the threat of this coronavirus from the get-go, and acted accordingly.) In China’s viral deceit, the WHO under the leadership of Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has been an enthusiastic accomplice. Wielding the WHO logo, Tedros and his team ran cover for Beijing’s lies, denials and propaganda. They praised China as a model of transparency and paragon of disease management, and continued to do so even as horrific stories emerged of the Chinese government’s deceptions and brutal treatment of its own people. Apparently, Tedros considers it a matter of grave concern to the WHO if America restricts China travel. But if China itself threatens, arrests or disappears its own outspoken doctors and bloggers, or locks sick people into their homes to die, that’s not within the WHO’s purview. Though, such twisted standards at the WHO should come as no surprise. China began colonizing the WHO at least 13 years ago, when China’s candidate, a former Hong Kong director of health, Margaret Chan, became WHO director-general, serving for 10 years before Tedros took charge. Chan was already controversial in Hong Kong for her slow and bungling early response to the 2003 SARS outbreak that spread from China to Hong Kong. Under her leadership, the WHO’s response in 2014 to the Ebola crisis in West Africa was a debacle — leaving the U.S. and a number of private medical charities to ride to the rescue. Commenting on this at the time, a Nov. 4, 2014, Wall Street Journal editorial noted that “since the 1990s the WHO has devoted ever more of it resources to political activism instead of its core disease-fighting mission — a loss of function that helps explain why the WHO failed to contain Ebola when it was less rampant.” Sound familiar? If we judge by results, then as UN debacles go, the WHO’s 2020 failures, fictions, delays and Beijing boot-polishing in dealing China’s coronavirus outbreak rank right up there with the UN’s decision in 1994 to ignore desperate warnings from its own peacekeepers of the impending genocide in Rwanda. In that instance, more than 800,000 people were slaughtered. For the current pandemic, the cost in lives and livelihoods is already colossal, and we do not yet have a full tally. It would be gravely irresponsible of the U.S. to simply carry on bankrolling the WHO. An investigation into its public failures and internal rot is urgently needed — now — before the UN’s erstwhile health agency steers the world any deeper into catastrophe.

2021年美国-大韩民国外交和国防部长级会议(“2+2”会议)联合声明（摘译） 美国和大韩民国政府发布以下声明： 大韩民国外交部长郑义溶(Chung Eui-yong) 和国防部长徐旭(Suh Wook)于2021年3月18日与美国国务卿安东尼·J·布林肯(Anthony J. Blinken)和国防部长劳埃德·J·奥斯汀(Lloyd J. Austin)召开外交和国防部长级联合会议。 两国部长们重申韩美同盟，缔结于70年前的战场鲜血中，是朝鲜半岛和印太地区和平、稳定、繁荣的关键。全球威胁日益增加之际，该同盟从未如此重要。 他们也认识到，韩美同盟已发展成全面全球伙伴，扎根于互敬和互信、紧密友谊、强健的人文纽带，以及自由、民主、人权和法治的共同价值观。他们誓言进一步推动相互砥砺和以未来为导向的合作，涵盖广泛领域，包括稳健的贸易关系、合作抗击气候危机、协调疫情援助和后疫情时代经济复苏。 双方对与韩美共同防御条约(ROK-U.S. Mutual Defense Treaty)一致的韩国防卫和加强韩美联合防卫态势，再次做出共同承诺。美国官员重申，利用美国全面能力对韩国防卫和威慑力延展的承诺。双方承诺加强同盟的威慑力态势，并重申通过联合训练和演习，保持联合备战能力来反击同盟所有的共同威胁的重要性。双方部长们指出，驻韩美军持续扮演关键角色维持朝鲜半岛和该地区的和平稳定，并承诺继续确保我们有所需的力量态势和能力来应对我们共同的挑战。 双方确认对新的多年防卫费分担特别协定(Special Measures Agreement)的原则取得一致， 象征着对美韩同盟的共同承诺，支持驻韩美军的稳定存在，以及加强我们的联合防卫态势。 两国部长们指出，自从双方在2006年决定朝战时作战指挥权移交过渡之后，韩国和美国已经通过共同努力取得大幅进展，并重申他们对与基于情况的作战指挥权移交过渡计划(Conditions-Based OPCON Transition Plan)一致的战时作战指挥权移交过渡的坚定承诺。在此进展上，领导们允诺将继续朝过渡方向努力。 两国部长们强调朝鲜核问题和弹道导弹问题是同盟的首要之务，并重申共同承诺处理、解决这些问题。他们重申包括朝鲜在内的国际社会全面落实相关的联合国安理会决议案的重要性。韩国和美国密切协调所有有关朝鲜的议题。双方共同的看法是，这些议题应该通过一个经韩国和美国全面协调的朝鲜战略来处理。为了达成此目标，他们承诺对美国正在进行的朝鲜政策审议保持高级磋商。 两国部长们确认韩国-美国-日本三边合作的重要性，并允诺继续推动互惠、展望未来的合作，以推进该地区的和平、安全、繁荣。 在区域安全环境所面临的挑战逐渐增加的背景之下，韩美同盟共同的价值观巩固两国的承诺，反对所有损害和扰乱基于规则的国际秩序的行动。韩国和美国强调将紧密结合共同承诺，维护和平稳定、合法商贸畅通无阻，并尊重国际法。韩国和美国重申决心，通过与韩国新南政策(New Southern Policy)合作，一道努力建立自由开放的印太地区。两国将团结致力于支持东盟中心性和其他区域性的努力。双方认识到，持续进行的双边对话对扩大与太平洋岛屿国家和湄公河以南地区的区域协调所做出的贡献。 两国部长们强调，韩国和美国在我们集体应对日益增加全球挑战时，所扮演促进伙伴关系和合作的角色。他们承诺在诸多领域加深合作，包括贸易、健康、不扩散、核能源、新冠疫情、打击气候危机、太空和网络安全。 两国部长们强调，建于共同价值、系于相互信赖的韩美同盟比任何时候都还壮大。在这具挑战和契机的时代，部长们指出同盟的动力、对等和无穷潜力，并再次承诺进一步推进和加深韩美合作。

Joint Statement of the 2021 Republic of Korea – United States Foreign and Defense Ministerial Meeting (“2+2”) MEDIA NOTE OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON The following statement was released by the Governments of the United States and the Republic of Korea: Republic of Korea (ROK) Minister of Foreign Affairs Chung Eui-yong and Minister of National Defense Suh Wook hosted a Joint Foreign and Defense Ministerial meeting with United States (U.S.) Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken and Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III in Seoul on March 18, 2021. The Ministers and Secretaries reaffirmed that the ROK-U.S. Alliance, forged in blood on the battlefield 70 years ago, serves as the linchpin of peace, security, and prosperity on the Korean Peninsula and the Indo-Pacific region. Amid increasing global threats, the Alliance has never been more important. They also acknowledged that the ROK-U.S. Alliance has developed into a comprehensive global partnership grounded in mutual respect and trust, close friendship, strong people-to-people ties, and shared values of freedom, democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. They vowed to further promote mutually-reinforcing and future-oriented cooperation across a wide range of areas encompassing a robust trade relationship, cooperation on combatting the climate crisis, and coordination on pandemic relief and post-COVID-19 economic recovery. Both sides reaffirmed a mutual commitment to the defense of the ROK and to the strengthening of the ROK-U.S. combined defense posture, consistent with the ROK-U.S. Mutual Defense Treaty. U.S. officials reaffirmed the U.S. commitment to the defense of the ROK and its extended deterrence using the full range of U.S. capabilities. Both sides committed to strengthening the Alliance deterrence posture, and they reiterated the importance of maintaining joint readiness against all shared threats to the Alliance through combined training and exercises. Both Secretaries and Ministers noted that U.S. forces in the ROK continue to play a critical role in maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and in the region, and committed to continuing to ensure that we have the force posture and capabilities necessary to meet our common challenges. Both sides affirmed that the agreement in principle on a new multi-year Special Measures Agreement is a symbol of the shared commitment to the ROK-U.S. Alliance, supports the stable presence of U.S. forces stationed in Korea, and enhances our combined defense posture. The Ministers and Secretaries noted that since both sides decided to pursue the transition of wartime Operational Control (OPCON) in 2006, the ROK and the United States have achieved great progress through their combined efforts and reiterated their firm commitment to wartime OPCON transition consistent with the Conditions-Based OPCON Transition Plan (COT-P).  Building on this progress, the leaders pledged to continue efforts toward the transition. The Ministers and Secretaries emphasized that North Korean nuclear and ballistic missile issues are a priority for the Alliance, and reaffirmed a shared commitment to address and resolve these issues.They affirmed the importance of full implementation of relevant UN Security Council resolutions by the international community, including North Korea. The ROK and the United States are closely coordinating on all issues related to the Korean Peninsula. Both sides shared the view that these issues should be addressed through a fully-coordinated strategy toward North Korea between the ROK and the United States. To this end, they committed to maintain high-level consultations on the United States’ ongoing North Korea policy review. The Ministers and Secretaries affirmed the importance of ROK-U.S.-Japan trilateral cooperation and pledged to continue promoting mutually-beneficial, forward looking cooperation to promote peace, security, and prosperity in the region. Against the backdrop of increasing challenges to the regional security environment, the shared values of the ROK-U.S. Alliance undergird the two countries’ commitment to opposing all activities that undermine and destabilize the rules-based international order. The ROK and the United States emphasized that they remain united in their shared commitment to maintaining peace and stability, unimpeded lawful commerce, and respect for international law. The ROK and the United States reiterated their resolve to continue to work together to create a free and open Indo-Pacific region through cooperation with the ROK’s New Southern Policy.  The two countries are united in their dedication to support ASEAN centrality and other regional efforts.  Both sides acknowledged the contributions of ongoing bilateral dialogues to expanding regional coordination with the Pacific Island countries and in the Mekong sub-region. The Ministers and Secretaries emphasized the role that the ROK and the United States have played in nurturing partnership and cooperation in our collective response to an increasing number of global challenges. They committed to deepening cooperation across a range of areas including trade, health, non-proliferation, nuclear energy, COVID-19,combatting the climate crisis, space, and cybersecurity. The Ministers and Secretaries emphasized that the ROK-U.S. Alliance—built upon shared values and bonded by trust— is stronger than ever. In this era of challenges and opportunities, the Ministers and Secretaries noted the dynamism, reciprocity, and boundless potential of the Alliance and reiterated their commitment to further advancing and deepening ROK-U.S. cooperation.

会后汇报 2022年5月18日  今天，美国国家安全顾问杰克·沙利文与中共中央政治局委员、中央外事工作委员会办公室主任杨洁篪通话。此前双方曾于3月14日在罗马进行会晤。本次通话重点为地区安全问题和防扩散。沙利文先生和杨主任还讨论了俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争以及美中关系中的具体问题。   欲查看原稿内容: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/05/18/readout-of-national-security-advisor-jake-sullivans-phone-call-with-politburo-member-yang-jiechi/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

MAY 18, 2022•STATEMENTS AND RELEASES National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan spoke today with Chinese Communist Party Politburo Member and Director of the Office of the Foreign Affairs Commission Yang Jiechi by phone. This phone call, which followed their March 14 meeting in Rome, focused on regional security issues and nonproliferation. Mr. Sullivan and Director Yang also discussed Russia’s war against Ukraine and specific issues in U.S.-China relations. ###

美国国务院 发言人办公室 会谈纪要 2023年6月18日   美国国务院发言人马修·米勒（Matthew Miller）发布的会谈纪要如下：   安东尼·布林肯（Antony J. Blinken）国务卿今天在北京与中华人民共和国国务委员兼外交部长秦刚举行了坦诚、实质性和建设性的会谈。国务卿强调了外交的重要性，表示应在所有问题上保持开放的沟通渠道，以减少误解和误判的风险。国务卿提出了一些令人关切的问题，并提出了在双方利益一致的情况下与中华人民共和国就共同的跨国问题探索合作的机会。国务卿明确表示，美国将始终捍卫美国人民的利益和价值观，并与其盟友和伙伴合作，推进我们对一个自由、开放和维护基于国际规则的秩序的世界的愿景。国务卿和秦刚国务委员兼外交部长还指出了促进美中人民交流的重要性。国务卿邀请秦刚国务委员兼外交部长赴华盛顿继续磋商，双方同意在对双方合适的时间安排回访。   国务卿将于6月19日继续在北京与中国官员举行会谈。   欲查看原稿内容: https://www.state.gov/secretary-blinkens-meeting-with-peoples-republic-of-china-state-councilor-and-foreign-minister-qin-gang/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

READOUT OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON JUNE 18, 2023   The below is attributable to Spokesperson Matthew Miller:Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken held candid, substantive, and constructive talks today with People’s Republic of China (PRC) State Councilor and Foreign Minister Qin Gang in Beijing. The Secretary emphasized the importance of diplomacy and maintaining open channels of communication across the full range of issues to reduce the risk of misperception and miscalculation. The Secretary raised a number of issues of concern, as well as opportunities to explore cooperation on shared transnational issues with the PRC where our interests align. The Secretary made clear that the United States will always stand up for the interests and values of the American people and work with its allies and partners to advance our vision for a world that is free, open, and upholds the international rules-based order. The Secretary and State Councilor and Foreign Minister Qin also noted the importance of facilitating exchanges between the people of the United States and the PRC. The Secretary invited State Councilor and Foreign Minister Qin to Washington to continue the discussions, and they agreed to schedule a reciprocal visit at a mutually suitable time.The Secretary’s meetings with PRC officials in Beijing will continue on June 19.

泰里·布兰斯塔德大使7月15日与外交部副部长郑泽光会面，表达美国对中国侵蚀香港基本自由权的决定的深度关切，并解释总统香港正常化行政命令的细节。布兰斯塔德大使解释香港特别行政区已不再拥有足够的自治，无法为在特定美国法律和规定之下的差别待遇提供依据。总统认定 “关于香港的情况，包括近期中华人民共和国当局采取的行动，在根本上削弱了香港的自治。”此外，“香港不再应得美国法律下1997年7月1日之前赋予其的同样待遇。”布兰斯塔德大使敦促中华人民共和国当局恢复香港的自由权，并避免《中英联合声明》里所保障的高度自治任何进一步的损害。

Ambassador Terry Branstad met with Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Zheng Zeguang on July 15 to express the United States’ deep concerns about China’s decisions to erode Hong Kong’s fundamental freedoms and to explain the details of the President’s Executive Order on Hong Kong Normalization. Ambassador Branstad explained that the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong is no longer sufficiently autonomous to justify differential treatment under particular United States laws and provisions. The President determined that “the situation with respect to Hong Kong, including recent actions taken by the PRC fundamentally undermine Hong Kong’s autonomy.”  Further, that “Hong Kong no longer warrants treatment under United States law in the same manner as United States laws were applied to Hong Kong before July 1, 1997.”  Ambassador Branstad called on the PRC to restore Hong Kong’s liberties and refrain from any further erosion of its high degree of autonomy as guaranteed under the Sino-British Joint Declaration.

白宫 华盛顿特区 2023年2月24日   简报：在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰一年之时，拜登政府宣布采取行动支持乌克兰并追究俄罗斯的罪责   一年前，俄罗斯对乌克兰发动了残酷、无端的入侵。美国已团结全世界予以回击，与我们的盟友及伙伴合作共同向乌克兰提供关键的安全、经济和人道主义援助，并领导前所未有的努力，让俄罗斯为其侵略行径付出代价。本周，拜登总统访问了乌克兰基辅和波兰华沙，明确、有力地阐明，无论需要多久，美国都将继续与乌克兰站在一起。   今天，在俄罗斯入侵一年之时，美国宣布采取一系列新行动，继续向乌克兰提供其所需的支持，并追究俄罗斯发动侵略战争的罪责。美国在过去一年中为应对俄罗斯入侵而采取的各项行动的更完整的信息请见此链接。   支持乌克兰   为乌克兰增加提供安全援助：今天，美国国防部宣布根据《乌克兰安全援助行动计划》（Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative）为乌克兰增加提供一系列安全援助。这些能力包括几个新的无人机系统（Unmanned Aerial Systems）和反无人机系统（Counter-Unmanned Aerial Systems）设备，用于加强乌克兰的防空并帮助保护其人民，以及电子战探测设备，用于增强乌克兰击退俄罗斯侵略的能力。这一系列援助还包括大量用于155毫米火炮系统和高机动性火炮火箭炮系统（HIMARS）的弹药，事实证明这类弹药在战场上极有效力，以及扫雷设备和安全通信支持设备。   本周早些时候，拜登政府宣布了使用总统调拨资金授权（Presidential Drawdown Authorities）为乌克兰提供第32项安全援助计划，其中包括增强乌克兰防空能力的空中侦察雷达以及乌克兰已在战场上用于保护自己的标枪（Javelin）反坦克武器等关键能力。这项总统调拨资金授权计划将从美国现有储备中调拨资源，帮助乌克兰满足在战场上的即时需求，而且今天的《乌克兰安全援助行动计划》举措是美国现在及长期支持乌克兰武装部队的承诺的一部分。   提供所需的经济支持：本周，在国会两党的支持下，美国开始拨款99亿美元，以帮助乌克兰满足其公民的关键需求，其中包括医疗护理、教育和紧急服务。在有关费用得到核实后，这笔预算支持将通过世界银行的行政能力持久性公共支出（Public Expenditures for Administrative Capacity Endurance）机制基于实际开支拨款。美国持续的经济援助已汇集其他国际捐助方，其中包括欧盟委员会、日本、加拿大和英国在2023年向乌克兰提供所需经济援助的承诺。七国集团已将其对乌克兰的预算和经济支持承诺增加到2023年的390亿美元。今天，七国集团领导人要求各财政部长继续与国际货币基金组织和乌克兰接触，以便到2023年3月底实施一项雄心勃勃的计划，并继续与国际货币基金组织和其他机构合作，在整个2023年及之后为乌克兰提供必要的预算支持。   加强乌克兰的能源基础设施：作为我们应对俄罗斯对乌克兰关键能源基础设施发动袭击的努力的一部分，美国正在准备到3月向乌克兰运送能源部的第三批关键输电网设备。这批设备将包括数台移动发电机在内，以帮助提供备用电力。在交付这批设备之前，美国国际发展署最近已提供了一个移动式天然气涡轮发电站，其发电能力足够为至少100000户乌克兰家庭供电。   拜登–哈里斯政府还与国会合作，计划向乌克兰增加提供高达2.5亿美元的紧急能源援助，以帮助乌克兰在面对俄罗斯袭击时进一步加强电网。我们还计划与国会合作为摩尔多瓦提供高达3亿美元的紧急能源援助，以增加当地的发电量，提供财政支持，并改善摩尔多瓦与欧盟之间的互联互通。   让俄罗斯付出经济代价   确保履行七国集团的主要承诺：七国集团领导人今天召开会议，宣布一系列新的经济承诺，以追究俄罗斯对乌克兰发动战争的责任。为应对俄罗斯迄今为止规避七国集团措施的企图，各位领导人将支持建立一个执行协调机制（Enforcement Coordination Mechanism），该机制将由美国在第一年担任主席。为确保俄罗斯承担乌克兰长期重建的费用，七国集团成员国将继续冻结俄罗斯的主权资产，直到有一个解决俄罗斯侵犯乌克兰主权和完整问题的冲突解决方案。对俄罗斯的能源、采掘、金融、国防和工业部门施加经济压力的新承诺也将获得批准。美国将通过采取以下行动迅速履行这些承诺。   对俄罗斯经济实施大规模制裁：今天，财政部和国务院将与七国集团伙伴和盟友协调，对关键的创收部门实施全面制裁，以进一步削弱俄罗斯经济并降低其对乌克兰发动战争的能力。这将使200多个个人和实体受到制裁，其中包括俄罗斯行为者以及欧洲、亚洲和中东各地支持俄罗斯战争行径的第三国行为者。作为此次宣布的措施的一部分，我们将与盟友及合作伙伴协同一致，将目标对准十几个俄罗斯金融机构以及在乌克兰非法运作的俄罗斯官员及代理当局。我们将制裁与俄罗斯国防和技术行业相关的其他行为者，其中包括那些犯有回填俄罗斯受制裁品库存或帮助俄罗斯逃避制裁行径的行为者。这还包括以不影响当前生产的方式将目标对准俄罗斯未来的能源能力，从而最大限度地减少市场干扰。美国还将其制裁权扩大到俄罗斯的金属和采矿业，旨在最大限度地减少市场干扰。   限制对俄罗斯的出口：今天，商务部将采取数项出口管控行动，将近90家俄罗斯以及包括中国和其他国家在内的第三国公司列入实体名单（Entity List），理由是它们从事规避制裁及回填活动以支持俄罗斯的国防部门。这些名单将禁止被列入的公司购买半导体等物品，无论是在美国制造的还是在国外利用特定美国技术或软件制造的。商务部还将与七国集团合作伙伴和盟友一起采取行动，协调针对工业机械、奢侈品及其他物品采取的措施，并发布新的限制措施，以防止在伊朗无人机中发现的部件进入在乌克兰的战场。   提高对俄罗斯产品的关税：今天，总统将签署公告，在此前剥夺俄罗斯国际贸易特权的举措的基础上，提高对进口到美国的某些俄罗斯产品的关税。这些措施旨在针对为克里姆林宫创造收入的关键俄罗斯商品，同时减少美国对俄罗斯的依赖性。这些措施极其审慎，旨在让俄罗斯付出代价的同时最大程度地降低给美国消费者带来的成本。今天的行动将促使对俄罗斯价值约28亿美元的100多种俄罗斯金属、矿物和化学产品征收更高的关税。这还将大大增加在俄罗斯冶炼或铸造的铝进入美国市场的成本，以弥补因俄罗斯入侵乌克兰而受到能源价格挤压的国内铝产业所受的损害。   这些制裁、出口管控和关税是我们不断努力让俄罗斯进一步付出重大经济代价的一部分。我们将继续与我们的盟友及伙伴合作，利用我们现有的所有经济工具来挫败俄罗斯发动战争的能力，并在长时期内削弱其经济。   让俄罗斯承担责任   越来越多地使用问责工具：在过去一周，副总统哈里斯在慕尼黑安全会议（Munich Security Conference）上宣布，国务院在对有关法律和现有事实进行认真分析后认定，俄罗斯军队成员及其他俄罗斯官员在乌克兰犯有反人类罪。美国和我们的合作伙伴致力于追究那些对俄罗斯针对乌克兰人民的袭击和暴行负有罪责的人——确保将罪魁祸首、侵犯人权者和战争犯绳之以法。我们将继续支持对俄罗斯所犯暴行的一系列调查，包括由乌克兰总检察长通过联合国、欧洲安全与合作组织的莫斯科机制（Moscow Mechanism）下设的专家团（Expert Missions）和国际刑事法院等机构进行的调查。美国的援助正在帮助建立乌克兰国内有关部门的能力，以追究个人对战争罪行及其他暴行和侵权行为应负的责任。   在联合国巩固支持：本周，美国与盟国及合作伙伴密切合作，团结来自世界各地的141个国家一致支持联合国大会的一项强调必须在乌克兰实现全面、公正及持久的和平的决议——符合《联合国宪章》所阐明的主权和领土完整原则。在2月22日及23日召开的紧急特别会议上，绝大多数会员国表达了对乌克兰的持续支持。今天，在俄罗斯发动残酷入侵整整一年后，布林肯国务卿将在联合国安理会关于维护乌克兰和平与安全（Maintenance of Peace and Security of Ukraine）的部长级会议上重申我们对乌克兰坚定不移的承诺。   欲查看原稿内容: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/02/24/fact-sheet-on-one-year-anniversary-of-russias-invasion-of-ukraine-biden-administration-announces-actions-to-support-ukraine-and-hold-russia-accountable/   本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

FACT SHEET: On One Year Anniversary of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine, Biden Administration Announces Actions to Support Ukraine and Hold Russia Accountable FEBRUARY 24, 2023 One year ago, Russia launched its brutal and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine. The United States has rallied the world in response, working with our allies and partners to provide Ukraine with critical security, economic, and humanitarian assistance and leading unprecedented efforts to impose costs on Russia for its aggression. This week, President Biden visited Kyiv, Ukraine and Warsaw, Poland to send a clear and powerful message that the United States will continue to stand with Ukraine for as long as it takes. Today, on the one-year anniversary of Russia’s invasion, the United States is announcing a series of additional actions to continue providing Ukraine with the support it needs and holding Russia accountable for its war of aggression. A more comprehensive list of actions the U.S. has taken over the past year in response to Russia’s invasion is available HERE. Support for Ukraine Providing additional security assistance for Ukraine: Today, the Department of Defense (DoD) announced an additional security assistance package for Ukraine under the Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative (USAI). These capabilities include several new Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), Counter-Unmanned Aerial Systems (C-UAS) equipment to strengthen Ukraine’s air defenses and help protect its people, and electronic warfare detection equipment to bolster Ukraine’s ability to repel Russia’s aggression. The package also includes a large amount of ammunition for 155mm artillery systems and High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS) that have proved so effective on the battlefield, as well as mine clearing equipment and secure communications support equipment. Earlier this week, the Biden Administration announced the 32nd security assistance package using Presidential Drawdown Authorities (PDA) for Ukraine, which included critical capabilities such as air surveillance radars to enhance Ukraine’s air defenses and Javelin anti-tank weapons that Ukraine has used to defend themselves on the battlefield. That PDA package will draw from existing U.S. stocks to help Ukraine fulfill its immediate battlefield needs, while today’s USAI package is part of the U.S. commitment to supporting Ukraine’s armed forces both now and over the longer-term. Delivering needed economic support: This week, the United States began disbursing $9.9 billion in grant financing, thanks to the bipartisan support of Congress, to help Ukraine meet the critical needs of its citizens, including healthcare, education, and emergency services. This budget support is being disbursed via the World Bank’s Public Expenditures for Administrative Capacity Endurance (PEACE) mechanism on a reimbursement basis once expenses have been verified. Continued U.S. economic assistance has helped rally other international donors, including 2023 commitments from the European Commission, Japan, Canada, and the United Kingdom, to provide Ukraine with needed economic assistance. The G7 has increased its commitment of budget and economic support to Ukraine to $39 billion for 2023. Today, G7 Leaders asked Finance Ministers to continue engagement with the International Monetary Fund and Ukraine to deliver an ambitious program by the end of March 2023 and to continue working together, with the IMF and others for necessary budget support to Ukraine throughout and beyond 2023. Strengthening Ukraine’s energy infrastructure: As part of our efforts to respond to Russia’s strikes against Ukraine’s critical energy infrastructure, the United States is preparing to deliver the Department of Energy’s third shipment of critical electrical transmission grid equipment to Ukraine by early March. The shipment will include several mobile generators to help provide back-up power. This delivery follows USAID’s recent provision of a mobile natural gas-fired turbine power plant that can generate enough electricity to power at least 100,000 Ukrainian homes. Working with Congress, the Biden-Harris Administration also plans to provide up to $250 million in additional emergency energy assistance to Ukraine to help Ukraine further strengthen its grid in the face of Russia’s attacks. We also plan to provide up to $300 million in emergency energy assistance for Moldova, working with Congress, to increase local electric power generation, provide fiscal support, and improve interconnectivity between Moldova and the European Union. Imposing Economic Costs on Russia Securing major G7 commitments: G7 Leaders are convening today to announce a new set of economic commitments to hold Russia accountable for its war against Ukraine. To counter Russia’s attempt to circumvent G7 measures to date, Leaders will support the establishment of an Enforcement Coordination Mechanism, which will be chaired by the United States in the first year. To ensure Russia pays for Ukraine’s long-term reconstruction, G7 countries will continue to keep Russia’s sovereign assets immobilized until there is a resolution to the conflict that addresses Russia’s violation of Ukraine’s sovereignty and integrity. New commitments on imposing economic pressure measures against Russia’s energy, extractive, financial, and defense and industrial sectors also will be endorsed. The United States will swiftly implement these commitments by taking the below actions. Imposing extensive sanctions on Russia’s economy: Today, in coordination with G7 partners and allies, the Departments of the Treasury and State will implement sweeping sanctions against key revenue generating sectors in order to further degrade Russia’s economy and diminish its ability to wage war against Ukraine. This will result in sanctions being imposed on over 200 individuals and entities, including both Russian and third-country actors across Europe, Asia, and the Middle East that are supporting Russia’s war effort. As part of this announcement, we will target a dozen Russian financial institutions, in alignment with allies and partners, as well as Russian officials and proxy authorities illegitimately operating in Ukraine. We will sanction additional actors tied to Russia’s defense and technology industry, including those responsible for backfilling Russian stocks of sanctioned items or enabling Russian sanctions evasion. It also includes the targeting of Russia’s future energy capabilities in a manner that does not impact current production to minimize market disruption. The United States also is expanding its sanctions authorities to Russia’s metals and mining sector, tailored to minimize market disruption. Restricting exports to Russia: Today, the Department of Commerce will take several export control actions, listing nearly 90 Russian and third country companies, including in China among other countries, on the Entity List for engaging in sanction evasion and backfill activities in support of Russia’s defense sector. These listings will prohibit the targeted companies from purchasing items, such as semiconductors, whether made in the U.S. or with certain U.S. technology or software abroad. Commerce will also take action alongside G7 partners and allies to align measures on industrial machinery, luxury goods, and other items, as well as issue new restrictions to prevent components found in Iranian drones from making their way onto the battlefield in Ukraine. Increasing tariffs on Russian products: Today, the President will sign proclamations to raise tariffs on certain Russian products imported to the United States, building on previous efforts to strip Russia of its international trade privileges. These measures are designed to target key Russian commodities generating revenue for the Kremlin while reducing U.S. reliance on Russia. These measures are carefully calibrated to impose costs on Russia while minimizing costs to U.S. consumers. Today’s action will result in increased tariffs on more than 100 Russian metals, minerals, and chemical products worth approximately $2.8 billion to Russia. It will also significantly increase costs for aluminum that was smelted or cast in Russia to enter the U.S. market in order to counter harm to the domestic aluminum industry, which is being squeezed by energy costs as a result of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. These sanctions, export controls, and tariffs are part of our ongoing efforts to impose strong additional economic costs on Russia. We will continue to work with our allies and partners to use all economic tools available to us to disrupt Russia’s ability to wage its war and degrade its economy over time. Holding Russia Accountable  Increasing use of accountability tools: This past week, Vice President Harris announced at the Munich Security Conference that the State Department has determined, following a careful analysis of the law and available facts, that members of Russia’s forces and other Russian officials have committed crimes against humanity in Ukraine. The United States and our partners are committed to holding those who are responsible for Russia’s attacks and atrocities against the people of Ukraine accountable — ensuring that perpetrators, human rights violators, and war criminals are brought to justice.  We will continue to support a range of investigations into Russia’s atrocities, including by Ukraine’s Prosecutor General, through the United Nations, the Expert Missions established under the OSCE “Moscow Mechanism,” and the International Criminal Court among others. U.S. assistance is helping build the capacity of Ukraine’s domestic authorities to hold individuals accountable for war crimes and other atrocities and abuses. Building support at the United Nations: This week, the United States has worked closely with allies and partners to rally 141 countries from every corner of the world to support a UN General Assembly resolution that underscores the need for a comprehensive, just, and lasting peace in Ukraine — in line with the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity represented in the UN Charter.  At an Emergency Special Session on February 22 and 23, an overwhelming number of Member States expressed their ongoing support for Ukraine.  And today, exactly one year since the start of Russia’s brutal invasion, Secretary Blinken will reaffirm our unwavering commitment to Ukraine at a ministerial-level meeting of the UN Security Council on the “Maintenance of Peace and Security of Ukraine.” ###

DOS Seal 美国-韩国-日本针对共同面临的北韩相关挑战的三边会晤 美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿特区 2021年2月18日 媒体简报 拜登（Biden）政府致力于加强美国的同盟关系，尤其是与我们的东北亚盟国日本和大韩民国。作为这项努力的一部分，并且以拜登政府正在对北韩政策进行的审议为背景，来自美国、日本和大韩民国的代表举行了拜登政府的首次三边会晤，就共同面临的与北韩相关的挑战交换看法。负责东亚和太平洋事务的代理助理国务卿金成（Sung Kim）2月18日与大韩民国外交部朝鲜半岛和平安全事务特别代表卢奎德（Noh Kyu-duk）和日本外务省亚洲大洋局局长船越健裕（Takehiro Funakoshi）举行了视频会晤。 代理助理国务卿金成向船越健裕局长和卢奎德特别代表表达了对在东北亚和更广泛的印度-太平洋地区一直持续的合作关系的赞赏。三方讨论了美国正在对美国北韩政策进行的审议，并且强调了继续保持密切合作与协调的重要性。三方交流了各自对北韩目前局势的评估，并表示将继续致力于实现去核化和维护朝鲜半岛的和平与稳定。

MEDIA NOTE OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON The Biden Administration is committed to strengthening U.S. alliance relationships, particularly with our key Northeast Asian allies Japan and the Republic of Korea. As part of this effort, and against the backdrop of the Biden Administration’s ongoing North Korea policy review, representatives from the United States, Japan, and the Republic of Korea (ROK) held the first trilateral meeting of the Biden Administration to exchange views on shared North Korea-related challenges. Acting Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs Sung Kim met via videoconference with the Republic of Korea Ministry of Foreign Affairs Special Representative for Korean Peninsula Peace and Security Affairs Noh Kyu-duk and Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs Director General for Asian and Oceanian Affairs Takehiro Funakoshi on February 18. Acting Assistant Secretary Kim expressed appreciation to Director General Funakoshi and Special Representative Noh for continued partnership in Northeast Asia and the larger Indo-Pacific region. The group discussed the ongoing U.S. DPRK policy review and stressed the importance of continued close cooperation and coordination. They each shared their assessments of the current situation in North Korea and expressed their continued commitment to denuclearization and the maintenance of peace and stability on the Korean peninsula.

卡比斯湾7国集团公报 关于我们通过全球行动更好地完成重建的共同纲领 白宫 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区 2021年6月13日 [摘译] 我们7国集团（Group of Seven）领导人于2021年6月11-13日在康沃尔（Cornwall）举行会议，决心战胜COVID-19新冠疫情，更好地完成重建。我们缅怀因疫情失去的每一个生命，对仍然坚持抗疫的人们表示敬意。他们的相互合作和果敢精神为我们树立了榜样，激励我们团结一致，追随最初使我们休戚与共的原则，以共同信念和共同责任为领导力和繁荣的基石。在这个原则指导下，我们坚持自由开放社会和民主政体的永恒理想，恪守多边主义的承诺，一致通过7国集团采取以下全球行动的共同纲领。 *      *      *      * 欲查看原稿内容:  https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/06/13/carbis-bay-g7-summit-communique/

JUNE 13, 2021 We, the leaders of the Group of Seven, met in Cornwall on 11-13 June 2021 determined to beat COVID-19 and build back better.  We remembered everyone who has been lost to the pandemic and paid tribute to those still striving to overcome it. Inspired by their example of collaboration and determination, we gathered united by the principle that brought us together originally, that shared beliefs and shared responsibilities are the bedrock of leadership and prosperity.  Guided by this, our enduring ideals as free open societies and democracies, and by our commitment to multilateralism, we have agreed a shared G7 agenda for global action to: End the pandemic and prepare for the future by driving an intensified international effort, starting immediately, to vaccinate the world by getting as many safe vaccines to as many people as possible as fast as possible. Total G7 commitments since the start of the pandemic provide for a total of over two billion vaccine doses, with the commitments since we last met in February 2021, including here in Carbis Bay, providing for one billion doses over the next year. At the same time we will create the appropriate frameworks to strengthen our collective defences against threats to global health by: increasing and coordinating on global manufacturing capacity on all continents; improving early warning systems; and support science in a mission to shorten the cycle for the development of safe and effective vaccines, treatments and tests from 300 to 100 days. Reinvigorate our economies by advancing recovery plans that build on the $12 trillion of support we have put in place during the pandemic. We will continue to support our economies for as long as is necessary, shifting the focus of our support from crisis response to promoting growth into the future, with plans that create jobs, invest in infrastructure, drive innovation, support people, and level up so that no place or person, irrespective of age, ethnicity or gender is left behind. This has not been the case with past global crises, and we are determined that this time it will be different. Secure our future prosperity by championing freer, fairer trade within a reformed trading system, a more resilient global economy, and a fairer global tax system that reverses the race to the bottom. We will collaborate to ensure future frontiers of the global economy and society, from cyber space to outer space, increase the prosperity and wellbeing of all people while upholding our values as open societies. We are convinced of the potential of technological transformation for the common good in accordance with our shared values. Protect our planet by supporting a green revolution that creates jobs, cuts emissions and seeks to limit the rise in global temperatures to 1.5 degrees. We commit to net zero no later than 2050, halving our collective emissions over the two decades to 2030, increasing and improving climate finance to 2025; and to conserve or protect at least 30 percent of our land and oceans by 2030. We acknowledge our duty to safeguard the planet for future generations. Strengthen our partnerships with others around the world. We will develop a new partnership to build back better for the world, through a step change in our approach to investment for infrastructure, including through an initiative for clean and green growth. We are resolved to deepen our current partnership to a new deal with Africa, including by magnifying support from the International Monetary Fund for countries most in need to support our aim to reach a total global ambition of $100 billion. Embrace our values as an enduring foundation for success in an ever changing world. We will harness the power of democracy, freedom, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights to answer the biggest questions and overcome the greatest challenges. We will do this in a way that values the individual and promotes equality, especially gender equality, including by supporting a target to get 40 million more girls into education and with at least $2¾ billion for the Global Partnership for Education. Read the full communiqué here: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/06/13/carbis-bay-g7-summit-communique/

由于中国延长春节假期到2月2日，美国驻华大使馆和所有总领事馆将于2020年1月30日和31日(周四和周五)闭馆。紧急美国公民服务将开放。美国公民可通过这里订阅针对在中国旅行的美国人的通知：https://step.state.gov/

Due to China’s extension of the Lunar New Year Holiday to February 2nd, the U.S. Embassy and consulates will be closed on Thursday and Friday, January 30 and 31, 2020.  Emergency American citizen services will be available.  American citizens can sign up for notifications for Americans traveling in China here:https://step.state.gov/

美国国务院和商务部高级官员就国务院针对来自中华人民共和国的人员实施签证限制以及商务部针对中国企业实体实施限制举行简报会 2020年8月26日美国东部夏令时间下午 04:10 发言人办公室 阅读原文： https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/briefing-with-senior-state-department-and-commerce-officials-on-state-department-visa-restrictions-placed-on-individuals-from-the-peoples-republic-of-china-and-commerce-department-restriction/

Briefing With Senior State Department and Commerce Officials On State Department Visa Restrictions Placed on Individuals from the People’s Republic of China and Commerce Department Restrictions Placed on Chinese Corporate Entities  SPECIAL BRIEFING OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON VIA TELECONFERENCE AUGUST 26, 2020 MODERATOR: Thank you, and thanks to everyone for joining for this on-background conference call on U.S. visa restrictions and Commerce’s entity listing for PRC companies and individuals tied to malign activities by the PRC in South China Sea. The State Department official joining us today is [Senior State Department Official]. For the purposes of the transcript and for your reporting, he will be referred to as Senior State Department Official. And joining us from Commerce we have [Senior Commerce Official One], and he’ll be referred to as Senior U.S. Government Official Number One. Also on the call today to help answer questions is [Senior Commerce Official Two], and he’d be referred to as Senior U.S. Government Official Number Two. As a reminder, this briefing is on background, and the contents of the briefing are embargoed until the conclusion of the call. For the sake of efficiency, if you want to go ahead and get into the question queue, just dial 1 then 0. And with that, I will turn it over to [Senior State Department Official]. STAFF: Hi. I’m sorry, this is [Staff] here real quick. I understand that that could be a little bit confusing. For [Senior Commerce Official One] and [Senior Commerce Official Two] from the Commerce Department, feel free to attribute them as Commerce officials. I apologize for the confusion. MODERATOR: [Senior State Department Official], go ahead. SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL: Fantastic. Thanks, everyone, for joining, and I look forward to your questions. The background to the announcements that were made this morning by Secretary Pompeo, State Department, and by the Commerce Department are the announcement that we made last month of a new U.S. policy on Chinese maritime claims in the South China Sea. We aligned ourselves strongly with the 2016 international arbitral tribunal ruling on the South China Sea case between China and the Philippines, and we stated last month that Beijing is pursuing unlawful maritime claims across the South China Sea. We made this clarification to strengthen our support for Southeast Asian coastal states in upholding their sovereign rights, and to reflect our deep concern over the increasingly brazen manner in which Beijing has deployed coercive tactics to inhibit other claimants’ access to offshore marine resources. Beijing has pursued environmentally destructive land reclamation and militarization of disputed outposts. This has done irreparable damage to coral reefs. They have also used these platforms in the South China Sea as platforms of coercion against their neighbors, expanding the reach of PRC maritime militia and civilian law enforcement vessels, often backed by the Chinese military, to intimidate Southeast Asian claimants from accessing offshore resources. These actions are provocative and destabilizing. In the case of Mischief Reef and the Spratly Islands, which was determined by the 2016 arbitral tribunal ruling to be within the Philippines’ exclusive economic zone and on its continental shelf, Beijing’s development there – its building and militarization – is a violation of the Philippines’ sovereign rights and jurisdiction under the Law of the Sea Convention. Beijing’s state-owned enterprises have played a key role in building and militarizing these outposts. The U.S. firmly opposes these efforts, and we are taking actions to make clear that further militarization and further coercion is unacceptable and entirely contrary to the interests of China’s neighbors and the United States and the world. So this morning, the Commerce Department announced that it has added 24 of Beijing’s state-owned enterprises, including subsidiaries of the China Communications Construction Company – CCCC – to the entity list for their role in these South China Sea activities. I’ll leave it to my Commerce Department colleagues to elaborate on all of that. In addition, Secretary Pompeo announced the imposition of visa restrictions on PRC nationals, including executives of state-owned enterprises, responsible for Beijing’s reclamation, construction, or militarization of disputed outposts and coercion of Southeast Asian claimants. We took these actions in support of our shared vision of an Indo-Pacific where all countries are secure in their sovereignty and disputes are resolved in accordance with international law. In doing this, we have various aims, including, of course, to impose costs on bad actors and to encourage all sorts of parties and institutions and governments around the world to assess risk and reconsider business deals with the sort of predatory Chinese state-owned enterprises that we’ve identified here, to include China Communications Construction Company and its subsidiaries that have been so central to the militarization and coercion in the South China Sea. CCCC, which led on the dredging, is also one of the leading contractors used by Beijing in its global “One Belt One Road” strategy. The company and its subsidiaries have engaged in corruption, predatory financing, environmental destruction, and other abuses in countries all around the world. It is frankly a long and diverse and colorful and very unfortunate record in a long list of countries. To give just a few examples: In 2009, CCCC was blacklisted by the World Bank for fraudulent bidding practices on a highway contract in the Philippines. In Malaysia, we’ve seen over the years major controversy over CCCC’s rail projects and corruption allegations and suspicions, and a very prominent renegotiation of that CCCC Belt and Road arrangement in the last few years. In Bangladesh, the CCCC subsidiary China Harbor Engineering corp was blacklisted from projects after bribing an official, according to the Bangladesh Government. Also in Bangladesh court nine years ago the China Harbor Engineering Company was found to have paid bribes to the son of a Bangladeshi prime minister who was later sentenced to prison. In Sri Lanka, there have been longstanding accusations of corruption and bribery involving China Harbor Engineering corp and the Hambantota Port project, which is very well known in the Belt and Road story. And perhaps to end here, in Kenya, we’ve seen many illustrations of unfortunate practices by the CCCC subsidiary China Road and Bridge Corp, to include the guilty plea of China Road and Bridge officials for bribery and a range of other concerns about this major railway project, to include labor abuse concerns, basic quality and viability concerns, as well as others. These are companies that are acting in this fashion and also doing so in very close cooperation with the Chinese military, as seen in the South China Sea, as seen in the Djibouti port and elsewhere. I’ll stop there for now and throw it over to my Commerce colleagues, but look forward to your questions. Thank you. SENIOR COMMERCE OFFICIAL ONE: Thank you, [Senior State Department Official], and this is [Senior Commerce Official One] from Department of Commerce. The action we took today, which is on public display at the Federal Register and will be published tomorrow and effective tomorrow, adds 24 Chinese parties to our entity list out of a group today of 60 total – almost half – for their role in the militarization of the shoals in the South China Sea, as was just described in detail by my State Department colleague. The consequences of parties being added to our entity list is that any item subject to our regulations, which essentially means anything leaving the United States as well as certain items that are made abroad, when they are to be exported, re-exported, or even transferred in-country to a party on the entity list, is a specific license is required. In other words, the party seeking to make that transfer of commodities, equipment, software, or technology to the parties on the entity list has to come into Commerce for a specific license, which then we review in consultation with the departments of State and Defense and sometimes Energy, and then issue a decision, either an approval or denial. So it’s a comprehensive requirement that all items subject to the Export Administration Regulations – again, for export, re-export, or in-country transfer to these 24 parties added to the entity list – needs an individual license. So it has the result of ensuring that, going forward, any transfer of such items to these parties undergoes U.S. Government review and, as a practical matter, the licensing policy is presumption of denial for any such proposed exports, re-exports, or in-country transfers. Over the last five years, there’s been a relatively small amount – $5 million roughly, total – of U.S. exports to these parties, but certainly going forward this will address any proposed exports. We also know from experience that even when there are transactions that don’t involve items subject to the EAR, typically many companies tend to stay away from doing business with parties on the entity list, either just for reputational purposes or to further ensure that they don’t run afoul of the Export Administration Regulations. And this requirement applies whether these parties are the end user of the proposed export, the ultimate consignee, the intermediate consignee, or even the purchaser. So basically any way that they might be materially involved in a transaction, this license requirement applies to them. So that’s a summary of what the consequences of placing these parties on the entity list does. Over. MODERATOR: Okay. Now we’ll turn to your questions. Again, if you want to get in the queue, dial 1 and then 0. For our first question let’s go to the line of Matt Lee. Matt, are you on? QUESTION: Can you hear me? MODERATOR: There you go, Matt. Go ahead. QUESTION: Can you hear me? Hello? MODERATOR: Yep, got you, Matt. Go ahead. QUESTION: Yeah. Okay. Leaving aside the fact that the part – that the U.S. is not a party to UNCLOS and has been accused by a lot of people of picking and choosing what international decisions it wants to agree or support or enforce, and the fact that the administration’s own environmental policies have come under criticism for being less than friendly to the environment, I’m curious – I mean, leaving those aside, I want – are – have you identified specific Chinese officials or Chinese company executives who have – who are going to be targeted with these travel bans? And on the presumption of denial from Commerce, does that apply to absolutely everything that might be sold to these companies’ subsidiaries? Thank you. SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL: Thanks, Matt. [Senior State Department Official] here from State. On the question of the application of the visa sanctions, yes, we have identified individuals and their relatives. As the Secretary’s statement this morning notes, we are not able to, because of the nature of the specific statutory authority, so-called 3(c) under the – under INA, we can’t make public the names, but as our statement this morning says, we have imposed visa restrictions on PRC individuals, including certain executives of state-owned enterprises who are responsible for or complicit in either the large-scale reclamation, construction, or militarization of disputed outposts in the South China Sea, or the PRC’s use of coercion against Southeast Asian claimants to inhibit their access to offshore resources. And those visa ineligibilities took effect this morning. On the environmental question, I would note that the question of whether the U.S. is – sort of the context in which we look at the record of environmental abuse by Beijing, I mean, this is something that is a concern across so many populations and countries in Asia and elsewhere that it is a matter of obvious foreign policy, interest – obvious, enormous interest to the communities not just around the South China Sea or not just, as we see with the Galapagos episode that’s still ongoing in South America, but, for example, in the Mekong, where we’ve seen extremely concerning reports, especially in recent months, about the environmental harms of the upstream damming that Beijing has pursued, and pursued in a completely nontransparent and non-consultative way. And there is a – actually a specific CCCC angle to the Mekong environmental concern story given CCCC’s role in would-be Chinese plans to blast and dredge the Mekong River, which could have potentially catastrophic effects on the downstream communities, the scores of millions of people whose livelihoods rely on the Mekong. Now, recently there was a suspension of a multilateral agreement with CCCC to blast and dredge the Mekong, which is a kind of shift in policy that is welcome because this sort of dynamiting could cause irreversible environmental damage and provide really terrible harm to all the downstream communities in the Mekong region, even while serving perhaps the strategic interests of China. And so this is another way in which what we see in the South China Sea in terms of this bullying and coercion and the use of state-owned enterprises for the bullying and coercion of others is not at all limited to the South China Sea; it’s characteristic of PRC foreign policy worldwide, certainly in the Indo-Pacific region, like in the Mekong, but really quite literally worldwide through the Belt and Road. And so these are among the concerns that we have and that are extremely widely shared, and then that is the foreign policy motivation for these actions and statements. SENIOR COMMERCE OFFICIAL ONE: And this is [Senior Commerce Official One] from Commerce. So the presumption of denial does apply to all items subject to the EAR regardless of whether they’re commodities, equipment, software, technology. Over. MODERATOR: Second question, let’s go to Kate O’Keeffe. SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL: Nothing heard. OPERATOR: Kate, your line is open. QUESTION: Hello? OPERATOR: If you have your mute button on, please take it off. QUESTION: Oh. I’m sorry, hi, can you hear me? MODERATOR: Yeah, we got you. Go ahead. QUESTION: Hi, sorry about that. I was wondering if you could identify the number of executives that are slated for these visa restrictions, and if you know if these people or their families travel to the U.S. frequently. And then on the Commerce side, I was wondering, the 5 million in U.S. exports that these parties use, are those 5 million all subject to EAR, or is some of that 5 million not subject to EAR? And then what is the nature of these U.S.-origin goods? Like, will these entities be able to easily source that from non-U.S. suppliers? And then finally, for further impact of these entity listings, I’m wondering if you think they’ll have a serious impact on these companies’ operations here in the U.S., and if so, how. Thank you. SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL: Thanks, I’ll take the first question from the State side. There are dozens of individuals who’ve been identified with these visa ineligibilities, but of course, as I said, we’re limited in what we’re able to specify publicly. So I’ll leave it there, and perhaps recommend following up with our Consular Affairs and other colleagues who work these visa policies most directly. Thanks. SENIOR COMMERCE OFFICIAL ONE: So on the Commerce questions, the exports that we’re aware of are all items that are subject to EAR. That’s how we’re aware of them, so we don’t have visibility on exports from elsewhere that are not subject to our regulations. They all – I can’t go into the details of them, but they all are lower-level items from an export control viewpoint, meaning they’re not multilaterally controlled, so they are likely available from other sources as well, because, generally speaking, items that are not multilaterally controlled for export control purposes tend to be less sophisticated items and therefore tend to be available from other sources. In terms of impact on any U.S. operations, this – the entity listings apply to things leaving the United States or being re-exported or transferred in-country, so the only impact on any U.S. operations of these entities would be certainly to the extent that they were making exports from the U.S. to their parents, if you will, those of course would be covered by these restrictions just as the same as the same items being exported from the U.S. by a nonaffiliated party would be covered. Over. MODERATOR: Next question let’s go to Robert Delaney. QUESTION: Hi, can you hear me? MODERATOR: Yes, go ahead, Robert. QUESTION: Yes, thank you for doing the call. The first question I had was just answered in the last answer. But another question I had was just regarding any – are there any CCCC subsidiaries that are either bidding for projects in the U.S. or have projects ongoing in the U.S. that will be affected by today’s order? Thank you. SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL: Well, from the State side, certainly the visa ineligibilities will have an effect on the ability to travel of those who’ve been identified. For the commercial effects, I’ll ask Commerce to elaborate. SENIOR COMMERCE OFFICIAL ONE: So again, to the extent there are projects that they’re involved in in the United States, if that involvement entails items leaving the United States to go back to these parties – for example, technology related to a project – then that would be subject to a license requirement. I don’t know whether that circumstance exists in fact or not, but the license requirement applies, again, to any item subject to the EAR – hardware, software, materials, equipment, technology leaving the United States to go to one of these listed entities. Over. MODERATOR: Next question let’s go to Nick Schifrin. QUESTION: (Inaudible) questions. I think the first one’s to [Senior State Department Official]. You mentioned the low lights, if you will, of the CCCC’s BRI contracts around the world. How much of this is really about the Belt and Road Initiative, designed to target BRI, and is this a new effort to try and target BRI? And then I think to both of you, a question on visibility for CCCC contracts around the world. Do you actually have confidence that you know when the CCCC makes a deal that would be covered under these sanctions, or are you relying on a kind of fear of possible sanctions to enforce this? Thanks. SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL: Thanks, Nick. Well, so the context for our actions today are just how we said. We, obviously, put a lot of work and thought into a South China Sea policy announcement that we made last month with respect to the maritime claims, and to the explaining further our views on the ways in which Beijing has been trampling on the sovereign rights of its neighbors in the South China Sea with respect to access to marine resources and the like. And that is the context in which we looked at the entities, including these PRC state-owned enterprises, who have played the leading role in the dredging, militarization, and coercion activities that have – in the South China Sea that have obviously been such a concern to China’s neighbors and had such a destabilizing effect on the broader regional security environment. And so that is what has brought us to the entities that now face sanctions. Now, the fact that these entities are – especially CCCC and its subsidiaries – are also so prominently involved in the “One Belt One Road” strategy and in the kind of wide range of predatory tactics that are part and parcel of the – of Beijing’s Belt and Road is very much of interest to us. We think it is important for folks all around the world to understand this. It’s obviously of interest in certain ways to the South China Sea coastal states who have the most direct link to things like the militarization of the Spratly outposts and the coercion on the water, but obviously countries all around the world are thinking through how to understand China’s behavior and how to shape their relations with Beijing. And the “One Belt One Road”-type projects have obviously been an aspect of a story of great importance for several years, an aspect of the story that the U.S. Government and many other governments have been concerned about, have been trying to get a better understanding of, trying to generate greater transparency around, and often without success because of the fundamentally not just predatory generally, but opaque and secret way in which these PRC state enterprises operate. And so we do think that the work, frankly, of shining light on these activities and on the association between the kind of bullying we see in the South China Sea and the kind of bullying that we see around debt-trap financing of ports around the world or the abuse of local workforces on port projects or railway projects around the world or secret financing terms – and this gets to your second question. Do we think we will have great insight into future contracts? Unfortunately, not. Secret contracts are a major way that the Chinese – the state-owned enterprises operate all across their business and all across the Belt and Road. This is a concern that we hear from audiences – from counterparts all around the world. And so we think there is obviously a process that involves governments, it involves civil society and journalists getting a greater handle on these activities to include the contract terms, to include the product quality, the quality of these major infrastructure investments that countries are seeking, questions of fraud, corruption and bribery, predatory contracting, labor abuse, the military ties of these Chinese state-owned enterprises. There is a fundamental non-transparency problem which is seen in the activity generally, in the contracts in particular. It’s also seen, by the way, in the capital market part of this story. There was an episode about five years ago in Hong Kong where CCCC Dredging, one of the subsidiaries sanctioned today that had a particularly significant role in the dredging and militarization of the Spratly Island outposts, was going to list on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. And as has been reported in the press, they were unwilling, as it turned out, to make honest disclosures in their prospectus about their involvement in these South China Sea activities, and rather than make honest disclosures and be transparent, they withdrew the IPO. So this sort of transparency question with respect to contracts, capital markets, and all the rest is certainly a concern and certainly something that we hope that governments and publics around the world will gain a better understanding of and scrutinize. SENIOR COMMERCE OFFICIAL ONE: So the entity list restrictions are triggered essentially when one of the listed parties seeks to obtain or procure items that are subject to our regulations. So to the extent they would be doing that in support of a contract, then the license requirement kicks in. We utilized in this case, as well as all of our export controls, a variety of sources both classified and open source to determine when parties are seeking to evade or not comply or circumvent with our regulations. So it’s not so much triggered by knowledge of contracts, but triggered by knowledge of essentially trade patterns and procurement efforts. Over. MODERATOR: Okay. We’ll try to take a couple more questions. Let’s go now to Bill Gertz. QUESTION: My question is: The Chinese military on Tuesday, according to Chinese press reports, conducted two flight tests of a DF-26 and DF-21D anti-ship ballistic missiles. I wondered if you had any comments on that. SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL: Thanks for that. I’ve seen headlines just this morning as we’ve been scrambling on this effort, so I haven’t seen nearly enough to be able to comment. I’d certainly point you to other colleagues, perhaps DOD, for that. Thank you. MODERATOR: Okay. Can we go to Pat Lucero? QUESTION: Can you hear me? MODERATOR: Yes, we can. Go ahead. QUESTION: Great. It’s actually Kat Lucero with MLex. My question is: How is this going – how does this play in the U.S.-China Phase One deal that Lighthizer and the vice premier of China said that things were going well? SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL: This is State here. We obviously have an interest in the progress of the Phase One trade deal, including in the announcements made this week. Our relationship with China obviously has an important trade element, but it also has a lot of other elements, including the sorts of very serious concerns that we have with the way that China is acting internationally – bullying its neighbors, other Chinese Communist Party malign activities that Secretary Pompeo and others have been focused on and speaking out about. These are all parts of the relationship. We try to have as constructive a relationship as possible to include in the trade space and otherwise, and we wish that Beijing would improve its conduct in the South China Sea and in many other areas, and that would make the relations all the more constructive. SENIOR COMMERCE OFFICIAL ONE: And we at Commerce have taken any number of regulatory actions over the last several months that are national security and foreign policy-related, so these – we really take these actions separate from any negotiations on the trade pact. Over. MODERATOR: Okay. We have time for one last question. Let’s go to the line of Nick Wadhams. QUESTION: My question is for [Senior State Department Official]. [Senior State Department Official], could you talk a little bit more about the actual impact that you hope that these visa restrictions will have? The criticism, as I’m sure you’re aware, is that you announce visa restrictions like this on almost a daily basis, and that they’re largely useless because the people involved never have much intention of actually traveling to the U.S., and the result is that the U.S. comes off as looking like it’s just beating its chest. So could you give us a sense of what you hope to be the actual real-world impact of announcing visa restrictions like this? Thank you. SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL: Yeah, thanks for that, Nick. I don’t think I share the analysis kind of in the premise of the question, and especially not in cases that involve – that involve people who are in business. The – for international enterprises to be able to travel, including to the United States, is very often very important. And we are obviously concerned about the activities of these entities and are serious about beginning a process. This is a first in a lot of ways in terms of U.S. sanctions on this kind of malign activity in the South China Sea, and as a mere start, we certainly think that it will have direct material effects, including on the ability of those identified to travel for business and for other purposes to the U.S. We note, by the way, that other countries can consider similar measures, and we think that that would be appropriate. The kind of concerns that we have about the South China Sea and other PRC malign activity are very widely shared and increasingly widely shared, and we know that other countries obviously are looking at scrutinizing their policies with respect to their diverse relationships with China in terms of business, academic exchange, visa, and much else. And so this is something that we assess will have both an immediate effect and the very serious potential for a mounting effect over time, unless of course Beijing begins to choose to act in the South China Sea and toward its neighbors and toward our shared interests with a little more neighborliness and respect. Thanks. MODERATOR: All right. Thanks to our briefers, particularly our Commerce colleagues who joined us, and thanks to all of you who joined. As this is the end of the call the embargo on content is lifted. Have a great day.

40 Years of Diplomatic Relations Logo 新闻稿：蓬佩奥国务卿和中国共产党中央委员会政治局委员杨洁篪通电话 简报 发言人办公室 华盛顿DC 2019年3月1日 以下来自于副发言人罗伯特·帕拉迪诺： 3月1日，迈克尔·R·蓬佩奥国务卿与中共中央政治局委员、中央外事工作委员会办公室主任杨洁篪通了电话。蓬佩奥国务卿向政治局委员杨洁篪提供了对特朗普总统与金委员长在河内会谈的见解。他确认了关于朝鲜的联合国制裁仍然是世界努力实现一个和平、稳定、无核化朝鲜的核心支柱。他们还讨论了美国和中国之间包括贸易的双边关系的内容。

Press Releases: Secretary Pompeo’s Call With Member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Yang Jiechi Readout Office of the Spokesperson Washington, DC March 1, 2019 The following is attributable to Deputy Spokesperson Robert Palladino: Secretary Michael R. Pompeo spoke with Member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and Director of the Chinese Communist Party Foreign Affairs Office Yang Jiechi on March 1. Secretary Pompeo provided Politburo Member Yang insights into the discussions in Hanoi between President Trump and Chairman Kim. He confirmed that the United Nations sanctions related to the DPRK remain a central pillar of the world’s effort to see a peaceful, stable, non-nuclear DPRK. They also discussed elements, including trade, of the bilateral relationship between the United States and China.

会后汇报 发言人办公室 2022年12月8日   以下内容来自发言人内德·普赖斯：   12月7日，美国朝鲜问题特别代表金圣与中华人民共和国朝鲜半岛事务特别代表刘晓明举行了视频会议，讨论朝鲜日益破坏稳定和不断升级的行为。   金圣对朝鲜今年进行的数量空前的弹道导弹发射表示关切，包括八枚洲际弹道导弹。他强烈谴责了这些每一次都违反了联合国安理会多项决议的导弹发射，并强调所有联合国会员国必须履行其义务及充分执行制裁制度。金圣强调，维护韩朝半岛的和平和稳定是一个重要的共同目标，并重申美国致力于外交努力，做好准备在任何时候与朝鲜会晤。

Special Representative for the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) Kim’s Video Conference With the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Special Representative on Korean Peninsula Affairs Liu     READOUT OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON DECEMBER 8, 2022   The following is attributable to Spokesperson Ned Price:   Special Representative for the DPRK Sung Kim held a videoconference on December 7 with PRC Special Representative on Korean Peninsula Affairs Liu Xiaoming to discuss the DPRK’s increasingly destabilizing and escalatory behavior.   Kim expressed concern about the unprecedented number of ballistic missile launches carried out by the DPRK this year, including eight intercontinental ballistic missiles. He strongly condemned these missile launches, each of which violated multiple UN Security Council resolutions, and stressed the need for all UN Member States to fulfill their obligations and fully enforce the sanctions regime. Kim emphasized that maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula is an important shared goal and reaffirmed that the United States is committed to diplomacy and is prepared to meet with the DPRK at any time.   READOUT OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON DECEMBER 8, 2022   The following is attributable to Spokesperson Ned Price:   Special Representative for the DPRK Sung Kim held a videoconference on December 7 with PRC Special Representative on Korean Peninsula Affairs Liu Xiaoming to discuss the DPRK’s increasingly destabilizing and escalatory behavior.   Kim expressed concern about the unprecedented number of ballistic missile launches carried out by the DPRK this year, including eight intercontinental ballistic missiles. He strongly condemned these missile launches, each of which violated multiple UN Security Council resolutions, and stressed the need for all UN Member States to fulfill their obligations and fully enforce the sanctions regime. Kim emphasized that maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula is an important shared goal and reaffirmed that the United States is committed to diplomacy and is prepared to meet with the DPRK at any time.

2020年1月29日，美国国务院已允许非应急人员及美国政府雇员的家庭成员自愿撤离。 中国武汉新型冠状病毒 三级旅行警告，避免非必要的旅行 鉴于最初在中国武汉发现的新型冠状病毒，请重新考虑前往中国的旅行。一些地区的风险已经增加。请阅读旅行意见全文。 一种新型冠状病毒引起的呼吸系统疾病开始在中国湖北省武汉市爆发。这次爆发开始于2019年12月上旬，并持续增长。中国卫生官员已经报告了在中国各地数千例的病例。 美国疾病预防与控制中心（CDC）发布了3级警告：避免所有不必要的前往中国的旅行。中国官方正在全国范围内采取隔离措施并限制旅行。https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

On January 29, 2020 the Department allowed for the voluntary departure of non-emergency personnel and family members of U.S. government employees. Reconsider travel to China due to novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China. Some areas have increased risk. Read the entire Travel Advisory. A novel (new) coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness that began in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. This outbreak began in early December 2019 and continues to grow. Chinese health officials have reported thousands of cases throughout China. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a Level 3 Warning: Avoid all nonessential travel to China. Chinese authorities are imposing quarantines and restricting travel throughout the country. Reconsider travel to China due to novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China. Some areas have increased risk. Read the entire Travel Advisory. A novel (new) coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness that began in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. This outbreak began in early December 2019 and continues to grow. Chinese health officials have reported thousands of cases throughout China. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a Level 3 Warning: Avoid all nonessential travel to China. Chinese authorities are imposing quarantines and restricting travel throughout the country. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

美国财政部 公共事务办公室 2023年7月8日   北京——美国财政部长珍妮特·耶伦昨天会唔了中国人民银行党委书记潘功胜。耶伦部长讨论了全球宏观经济和金融发展，包括近期经济冲击对低收入国家格外严重的影响在内，以及对美国和中国宏观经济前景的看法。耶伦部长指出，美国经济在面对全球不利影响时具有韧性。耶伦部长还强调了这两个最大的经济体共同应对全球挑战的重要性，包括低收入和新兴经济体的债务困境以及气候融资。   欲查看原稿内容: https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1602  本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

Secretary of the Treasury Janet L. Yellen yesterday met with People’s Bank of China Head Pan Gongsheng.  Secretary Yellen discussed global macroeconomic and financial developments, including the disproportionate impact of recent economic shocks on low-income countries and views on the macroeconomic outlook in the United States and China. Secretary Yellen noted the resilience of the U.S. economy in the face of global headwinds. The Secretary also emphasized the importance of the two largest economies working together on global challenges, including debt distress in low-income and emerging economies and climate finance. ###

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿特区 2023年4月29日   美国与菲律宾站在一起，面对中华人民共和国海岸警卫队继续侵犯在南中国海的航行自由的行为。最近在媒体上被公诸于众的图像和视频严峻地警示了中华人民共和国对在菲律宾专属经济区内进行例行巡逻的菲律宾船只的骚扰和恐吓。我们呼吁北京停止其挑衅性的、不安全的行为。美国将继续密切追踪及监控这些动态。  美国与我们的菲律宾盟友站在一起，维护基于规则的国际海洋秩序，并重申在包括南中国海在内的太平洋地区，对菲律宾武装部队、公共船只或飞机的武装攻击，包括其海岸警卫队在内，将导致美国启动基于1951年《美国菲律宾共同防御条约》（U.S. Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty）第四条款（Article IV）的共同防御承诺。    欲查看原稿内容: https://www.state.gov/u-s-support-for-the-philippines-in-the-south-china-sea-4/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

PRESS STATEMENT OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON APRIL 29, 2023 The United States stands with The Philippines in the face of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Coast Guard’s continued infringement upon freedom of navigation in the South China Sea. Imagery and video recently published in the media is a stark reminder of PRC harassment and intimidation of Philippine vessels as they undertake routine patrols within their exclusive economic zone.  We call upon Beijing to desist from its provocative and unsafe conduct. The United States continues to track and monitor these interactions closely. The United States stands with our Philippine allies in upholding the rules-based international maritime order and reaffirms that an armed attack in the Pacific, which includes the South China Sea, on Philippine armed forces, public vessels, or aircraft, including those of the Coast Guard, would invoke U.S. mutual defense commitments under Article IV of the 1951 U.S. Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty.

纪要 2021年7月26日 谢尔曼常务副国务卿出访中华人民共和国 发言人内德·普赖斯： 常务副国务卿温迪·谢尔曼于7月25至26日出访中华人民共和国，与国务委员兼外交部长王毅和其他PRC官员进行会晤。常务副国务卿向本周河南省毁灭性洪灾的遇难者表达美国诚挚的慰悼。常务副国务卿和王国务委员对广泛议题进行坦诚布公的讨论，展现保持我们两国沟通渠道畅通的重要性。他们讨论方法来设定负责任地管控美中关系的条件。常务副国务卿强调美国欢迎我们两国之间激烈的竞争，为此我们打算继续加强我们自身的竞争之手，但不寻求与PRC之间的冲突。 常务副国务卿私下提出关切，如同我们公开提出过的，有关PRC一系列的行动，其有悖于我们、我们的盟友和伙伴的价值观和利益，并有损于基于规则的国际秩序。特别是，她提出我们对人权的关切，包括北京在香港的反民主镇压、在新疆的种族灭绝和危害人类罪、在西藏的虐待，以及对媒体采访和新闻自由的剥夺。她也谈到我们对北京在网络空间、台湾海峡两岸，以及东中国海和南中国海行为的关切。 常务副国务卿也提到在PRC遭到拘留或出境禁令的美国和加拿大公民，并提醒PRC官员，人不是谈判的筹码。常务副国务卿重申对于PRC不愿与国际卫生组织合作允许在PRC进行COVID-19溯源第二阶段调查的关切。同时，常务副国务卿申明在符合全球利益的领域进行合作的重要性，例如气候危机、打击毒品、防扩散以及地区关切，包括朝鲜、伊朗、阿富汗和缅甸。

The below is attributable to Spokesperson Ned Price: Deputy Secretary of State Wendy Sherman traveled to the People’s Republic of China for meetings with State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi and other PRC officials from July 25-26.  The Deputy Secretary expressed the United States’ sincere condolences for the lives lost in the devastating floods in Henan Province this week. The Deputy Secretary and State Councilor Wang had a frank and open discussion about a range of issues, demonstrating the importance of maintaining open lines of communication between our two countries. They discussed ways to set terms for responsible management of the U.S-China relationship. The Deputy Secretary underscored that the United States welcomes the stiff competition between our countries—and that we intend to continue to strengthen our own competitive hand—but that we do not seek conflict with the PRC. The Deputy Secretary raised concerns in private – as we have in public – about a range of PRC actions that run counter to our values and interests and those of our allies and partners, and that undermine the international rules-based order. In particular, she raised our concerns about human rights, including Beijing’s anti-democratic crackdown in Hong Kong; the ongoing genocide and crimes against humanity in Xinjiang; abuses in Tibet; and the curtailing of media access and freedom of the press. She also spoke about our concerns about Beijing’s conduct in cyberspace; across the Taiwan Strait; and in the East and South China Seas. The Deputy Secretary also raised the cases of American and Canadian citizens detained in the PRC or under exit bans and reminded PRC officials that people are not bargaining chips. The Deputy Secretary reiterated concerns about the PRC’s unwillingness to cooperate with the World Health Organization and allow a second phase investigation in the PRC into COVID-19’s origins. At the same time, the Deputy Secretary affirmed the importance of cooperation in areas of global interest, such as the climate crisis, counternarcotics, nonproliferation, and regional concerns including DPRK, Iran, Afghanistan, and Burma.

2020年9月17日 东部夏令时间下午5:08 发言人办公室 以下声明文本由美利坚合众国、澳大利亚、奥地利、比利时、保加利亚、加拿大、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、冰岛、爱尔兰、日本、拉脱维亚、列支敦士登、立陶宛、卢森堡、荷兰、挪威、波兰、斯洛文尼亚、瑞典、瑞士、英国和乌克兰政府发布。 文本开始： 在2020年白俄罗斯总统大选舞弊后，最近报道白俄罗斯政府持续进行部分和完全关闭互联网以及有针对性地屏蔽内容，我们签署国对此深感不安并谴责。关闭以及封锁或过滤互联网服务不合理地限制了和平集会的权利以及结社和表达自由，特别是在缺乏程序公正性和透明度的情况下。在针对反对派候选人采取限制性措施和恐吓，以及大规模逮捕和拘押白俄罗斯公民社会成员和新闻记者的同时，限制访问包括社交媒体和其他数字通信平台在内的互联网的行动进一步侵蚀了公民空间。我们将继续与白俄罗斯人民站在一起，尽管有这些压迫性措施，他们仍在表达自己的声音，并且我们尤其感到鼓舞的是，妇女在呼吁公平和问责制方面发挥着至关重要和核心的作用。 线上公民空间是充满活力的线下公民空间的重要组成部分。各国政府不应屏蔽或阻碍互联网连通，因为关闭互联网通常会破坏人权和基本自由，包括构成民主社会根基的和平集会权以及结社和表达自由。关闭互联网影响所有用户，尤其是边缘化群体和弱势群体。关闭互联网限制媒体自由，也限制记者和人权捍卫者报道违反或侵犯人权行为并问责政府的能力。关闭和限制互联网还限制信息的传播和自由流动，损害经济活动，造成社会和政治失序，并对公共安全产生负面影响。 像在线下受到保护一样，人权必须在线上受到保护。我们呼吁白俄罗斯当局不要关闭互联网、封锁或过滤互联网服务，并尊重白俄罗斯的国际人权义务，包括《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》第19条和第21条的规定的义务。我们呼吁白俄罗斯政府尊重公民空间，包括尊重人权和基本自由、民主和法治。 必须对有关选举中侵犯人权的所有指控进行独立、透明和公正的调查，并将犯罪者绳之以法。

09/17/2020 05:08 PM EDT Office of the Spokesperson The text of the following statement was released by the Governments of the United States of America, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Japan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Ukraine. Begin Text: We, the signatories, are deeply troubled by and condemn the recently reported and ongoing use of partial and complete Internet shutdowns, as well as targeted content blocking, by the Government of Belarus in the aftermath of the fraudulent 2020 Belarusian presidential elections. Shutdowns and blocking or filtering of services unjustifiably limit the rights of peaceful assembly and freedoms of association and expression, especially when they lack procedural fairness and transparency. In conjunction with restrictive measures and intimidation employed against opposition candidates and the mass arrests and detentions of Belarusian civil society members and journalists, actions to limit access to the Internet, including social media and other digital communication platforms, further erode civic space. We will continue to stand with the people of Belarus, who are making their voices heard in spite of these oppressive measures, and we are especially heartened by the critical and central role women are playing in calling for fairness and accountability. Civic space online is integral to a vibrant civic space off-line. Governments should not block or hinder Internet connectivity, as shutdowns often undermine human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the rights of peaceful assembly and freedoms of association and expression that form the basis of a democratic society. Internet shutdowns impact all users, especially marginalized groups and those in vulnerable situations. Shutdowns limit media freedom and the ability of journalists and human rights defenders to report on human rights violations or abuses and hold governments accountable. Shutdowns and restrictions also limit the dissemination and free flow of information, harm economic activity, contribute to social and political disorder, and negatively affect public safety. Human rights must be protected online just as they are protected off-line. We call on Belarusian authorities to refrain from Internet shutdowns and blocking or filtering of services and to respect Belarus’s international human rights obligations, including under articles 19 and 21 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. We call on the Government of Belarus to respect civic space, including respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, democracy and the rule of law. Independent, transparent and impartial investigations into all allegations of human rights violations in the context of the election must be conducted and the perpetrators brought to justice.

2022年8月24日 美国东部夏季时间 上午09：57 安东尼·J·布林肯，国务卿 我代表美利坚合众国，祝贺乌克兰人民的独立日，这是纪念1991年乌克兰正式脱离苏联成为一个主权、民主国家的日子。本应是庆祝乌克兰独立的日子，却因俄罗斯正在进行的侵略战争而受到破坏。六个月前，普京总统对乌克兰发动了一场无端的全面入侵。从那时起，乌克兰就以强悍、勇敢和有效的方式予以反击。 乌克兰将仍然是主权、独立的国家。乌克兰人民已经表明，他们将不惜一切代价保护他们的家园、他们的家人、他们的同胞、他们的国家——他们的独立。就我们而言，美国已经表明，只要乌克兰需要，我们将一直与乌克兰站在一起。为此，总统今天宣布将通过乌克兰安全援助倡议提供近30亿美元的武器和装备，使乌克兰能够获得所需物资进行长期自卫。 美国已经与乌克兰人民站在一起31年了，在他们捍卫自己的自由时，我们将继续坚定地与他们站在一起。我们对乌克兰的支持是坚定不移的。 https://www.state.gov/ukraines-independence-day/

PRESS STATEMENT ANTONY J. BLINKEN, SECRETARY OF STATE AUGUST 24, 2022 On behalf of the United States of America, I congratulate the people of Ukraine on their Independence Day, the commemoration of the date in 1991 when Ukraine officially left the Soviet Union and became a sovereign, democratic country. What should be a celebration of Ukraine’s independence is marred by Russia’s ongoing war of aggression. Six months ago, President Putin launched an unprovoked full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Ever since, Ukraine has fought back with ferocity, courage, and effectiveness. Ukraine will remain sovereign and independent. The people of Ukraine have demonstrated that they will do whatever it takes to protect their homes, their families, their fellow citizens, their country — their independence. For our part, the United States has demonstrated that we will stand with Ukraine for as long as it takes. To that end, the President today announced nearly $3 billion in weapons and equipment to be provided through the Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative, enabling Ukraine to acquire what it needs to defend itself over the long term. The United States has stood with the Ukrainian people for 31 years, and we will continue to firmly stand with them as they defend their freedom. Our support for Ukraine is unwavering.

请注意： 美国国务院对下列名录中所列的单位或各人的专业能力或专业声誉以及服务质量不承担责任。加入该名录并不意味国务或政府部门为其进行背书。各名称按字母顺序排列，排列顺序并无其他意义。名录所载信息均由当地服务机构直接提供， 国务院不能证实名录所含信息的内容。 常规骗局 美国公民服务处每天都会接到关于来自海外经济骗局的咨询。此类事件长期存在，互联网使得它们变得更加普遍。美国公民个人已从中损失相当大的金额，从几百美金到几十万美金不等。如下，我们提供了一些常规骗局的介绍。 茶馆骗局 一位所谓正在学习英语的年轻学生，通常为女性，向你介绍你所在的城镇，然后邀请你在附近的餐厅参加她的茶话会。但是付账的时候，她就会离开，然后餐厅老板们，通常是一些非常彪悍的男子逼迫你付昂贵的账单，否则就不能离开。 艺术馆骗局 一位所谓正在学习艺术的学生会接近你（通常发生在游客较多区域），然后问你是否喜欢当地学生创作的艺术品。这个学生会邀请你去一个艺术工作室或画廊，然后给你沏茶，提供小吃，介绍他们的艺术品。最后，这个学生会迫使你去买他们的艺术品，在你离开时会要求你付钱作为他们对你的招待费。 网恋和情感骗局 一位你在网上结识的人会声称其住在美国之外，通过网络向你表达友谊、谈情、甚至结婚之意。通常，你们的联系确定后，对方就会以生活开支，旅行开销或签证费为理由要求你寄钱或是提供信用卡信息。有时，对方还会通知美国公民，他们的家庭成员，比如他们的母亲或孩子现在急需手术费用，要求经济上的援助。另外，诈骗分子会突然消失数天，然后又出现，向你要钱帮助他们回家。有时，第三方中介还会代理该诈骗分子，称他们行动不便。一些病人通常也会声称他们已经向大使馆寻求帮助，但是被无理拒绝。 多元化移民签证骗局 广泛流传的多元化移民签证（简称:DV）诈骗邮件会指导接收者通过西联汇款向一个在美国驻伦敦大使馆或其他各地首都的假冒者汇款。如果你收到了这封邮件，你已经成为诈骗分子的目标。无论如何都不要汇款参加多元化移民签证抽奖。国务部肯塔基州领事中心（KCC）没有发送通知邮件给赢得多元化移民签证的参与者。 所有提前付费的骗局都有一个共通点—目标人都会相信他们有这样一个机会，可以用少量的预付支出换取一些巨大的个人价值（例如，经济回报，恋人关系等）。通常来说，如果听起来太好以至于都不像真的，那很可能就不是真的。如需了解更多常规骗局或您已经成为国际骗局的受害者，请您访问国务部官方网站。 教练工作骗局 此类骗局包括向在华高尔夫球、网球、足球教练或运动员以及其他工作者索要邀请函和/或劳动证书。此类工作机会通常包含高额薪水和诸多福利。任何考虑接受一份在华工作的人都不应该为工作邀请文件、资质费用、劳动证书或其他预付费用进行付费。获取和办理任何所需文件的费用都由中方雇主负责，并且合法的公司不会要求潜在员工进行付费。一旦美国公民为回应此类工作机会支付了费用，那么他们将不会再接收到此雇主的信息，也不能将费用追回。 教学工作的骗局 从美国申请了一份在华国际教学工作后，一名国际双语学校的代表会为你提供良好的教学工作条件、工资、住房，等等。当你到达学校时，你会发现这里并没有工作。这名代表会为你提供另外一份工作，但在这段时间你将自己承担住宿和生活费。在一些案件中，你确实得到了一份工作，但你的工资要比预期低很多或者不提供住宿和生活费，与你签署的合同不符。最重要的是， 当你的联络人负责办理你的中国签证时，你通常会收到一张旅游签证，而不是一张工作签证。尽管你并不了解签证规定，但这也违反了中国的法律，会导致严厉的处罚，包括监禁、罚款和驱逐出境。 电汇 你与一家中国公司做生意有一段时间了，你收到一封电子邮件请求你发送下一期电汇到新的账号。在你汇款后会因该款项并未到账，你被要求再次付款。再次电汇付款后你又一次被通知汇款仍未到账，而后你需要尝试将该款发送到另外的一个新账号上。在这段时间里你觉得相当的可疑并发现此电子邮件地址与真正的公司略有不同，并且/或者联系你的人早在一个月前就离开该公司。 护照/银行账户诈骗 你接到了某人的来电，声称是北京经济犯罪处的警察。你被告知你的银行账户因涉嫌洗钱正被接受调查。你被告知你可以通过在线查询或者电话本确认此号码是来自经济犯罪处。来电人员会耐心地告诉你，在你在线查询或者拨打114 验证号码时，他将在线保持等待。你经过多方渠道求证确认此来电号码属于北京警方后，你便跟随他的指示向他提供了你详细的银行帐户信息，并且将钱转入他指示的安全账户。你随即发现你刚刚转入的钱消失了。此骗局如何行骗的：为吸引客户，电信运营商给予客户去设置对方来电号码显示，在拨打某人电话的时候显示出他们想要的号码。重要的是，你不能总是相信你手机上显示的电话号码是真的。如果您担心您的银行账户，最好能直接联系你的银行或者当地权威部门。 勿挂机，同时报警 你会接到一人的来电，声称其来自银行或警察局，然后你被告知某人假冒你的身份和利用你的信用卡进行信用卡诈骗，现在正在接受公安局的调查。你被通知的目的是公安局为完成调查，需要你的银行账号信息。通过电话提供完你的个人身份信息后（存款账户信息），你的账户就会被清算。之后，你会发现联系你的人并不来自银行或警察局。如果你接到一个警察局的来电，要求你的个人信息，你应该让他们等待，此时，你要亲自去附近的警察局进行询问。

Please note: The Department of State assumes no responsibility or liability for the professional ability or reputation of, or the quality of services provided by, the entities or individuals whose names appear on the following lists. Inclusion on this list is in no way an endorsement by the Department or the U.S. government. Names are listed alphabetically, and the order in which they appear has no other significance. The information on the list is provided directly by the local service providers; the Department is not in a position to vouch for such information. American Citizen Services is contacted daily regarding financial scams originating from overseas.  While such schemes have long existed, the advent of the internet has greatly increased their prevalence.  Individual Americans have lost considerable money on these scams, ranging from a few hundred dollars to hundreds of thousands of dollars.  We have provided a description of some common scams below. Tea House Scam A young Chinese “English student,” often female, offers to show you around town and then invites you to join her for tea at a nearby restaurant.  When the bill comes, she leaves and the restaurant owners, usually very large men, force you to pay an exorbitant bill before you are allowed to leave the premises. Art House Scam A young Chinese “art student” will approach you (often at large tourist sites) and will ask if you like art done by local students.  The student will invite you to view the artwork at an art studio or gallery and will pour tea and provide snacks while introducing their art to you.  The art student will then pressure you to buy their artwork and will demand some sort of compensation for their hospitality before you leave. Internet Dating and Romance Scam A person you meet online claims to live outside of the U.S. and professes friendship, romantic interest, and/or marriage intentions over the Internet.  Typically a connection is made, and the correspondent asks you to send money or credit card information for living expenses, travel expenses, or “visa costs.”  Sometimes, the correspondent notifies the U.S. citizen that a close family member, like their mother or a child, is in desperate need of surgery and begins to request monetary assistance.  Alternatively, the scam artist will suddenly disappear for a few days and resurface only to ask for money to help them return home.  Sometimes a third party will ask for money on behalf of the scam artist, who is allegedly incapacitated.  The ill-doers also usually assert that they have asked the Embassy for help, only to be rebuffed. Diversity Visa Scam One widespread Diversity Visa (DV) scam e-mail instructs recipients to send money via Western Union to a fictitious person at the U.S. Embassy in London or other world capitals.  If you have received this e-mail, you have been targeted by con artists.  UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES should money be sent to any address to participate in the DV Lottery.  The Department of State’s Kentucky Consular Center (KCC) does not send e-mail notification to DV entrants informing them of their winning entries. All types of advance-fee scams have one point in common – the targeted person is led to believe that he or she has a chance to attain something of very great personal value (financial reward, a romantic relationship, etc) in return for a small up-front monetary outlay.  As a general rule, if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is.  To learn more about common used scams or if you have been a victim of an international scam please visit the State Department’s website. Coaching Job Scam This scam includes requests for invitation letters and/or labor certifications for golf, tennis, football coaches or players and other proposed employment in China.  The job offers often include very high wages and many benefits.  Anyone considering accepting a job offer in China should NOT pay for their employment invitation documents, licensing fees, labor certifications, or any other up-front charges.  The cost of obtaining and processing any needed documents are the responsibility of the Chinese employer and no legitimate company would ask the prospective employee to pay for them.  In cases where Americans have sent money in response to such offers, they never hear from the “employer” again and are unable to get their money returned. Teaching Job Scam After applying for an international teaching job in China from the United States, a representative from an international bilingual school offers you a teaching job with good conditions, salary, housing, etc.  When you arrive at the school, you find out that there is no job waiting for you.  The representative offers to find you another job, but in the meantime you will have to pay for your own accommodation and living expenses.  In some cases, you are actually offered a job, but either your salary is much lower than expected or accommodation and living expenses are not provided, in violation of the contract you signed.  Most importantly, when your contact takes care of your Chinese visa, you often receive a tourist visa, rather than a working visa.  Even though you are not aware of visa regulations, this is a violation of Chinese law which can result in severe penalties, including imprisonment, fines and deportation. Wire Transfers – You have been doing business with a Chinese company for some time and receive an email asking you to send the next wire transfer to a new account number. After wiring the money you are asked to resend the payment because it never arrived. After rewiring the payment you are again notified that the payment did not arrive and that you should try sending it to another account number. At which time you become extremely suspicious and discover the email address is slightly different from the company’s real e-mail address and/or the person who has been contacting you left the company a month before. Passport/Bank Account Used for Fraud – You received a call on your mobile phone from someone claiming to be the police from the “Economic Crimes Bureau” in Beijing. You are told your bank account is involved with money laundering and that you are now being investigated. You are told that you may verify the incoming call by checking online or in a phone book for the number of the “Economic Crimes Bureau”. The caller is patient and tells you that he will hold the line while you check online or call 114 to verify the number. You check with different resources and confirm the phone number of the incoming call belongs to the police in Beijing. You then follow the caller’s instructions and provide him with detailed information about your bank accounts. You transfer the money to the safe account as instructed by the caller. You later find the money that you transferred is gone. How this Scam Works: To attract clients, telecom operators enable clients to set the incoming number they want to be displayed on the phone of someone they call. Bottom line, you cannot always trust that a phone call is truly coming from the number appearing on your phone. If you are concerned about your bank accounts, it’s best to contact your bank or the local authorities directly. Please Hold the Line for the Police – You receive a phone call from someone claiming to be from your bank or the police station and you are told that someone assumed your identity and used your credit card to commit credit card fraud, which is now under investigation by the Public Security Bureau (PSB). You are informed that the PSB requires your bank account information to complete their investigation. After providing your personally identifiable information over the phone that included your savings account information, your account is liquidated. You later find out that the person who called you was not from your bank or the police station. If you receive a call from the police asking for personal information you should ask them to wait, and contact your nearest police station to inquire into the situation in person. U.S. Embassy Beijing Tel: (010) 8531-4000 E-mail: BeijingACS@state.gov U.S. Consulate General Chengdu Tel: (028) 8558-3992 E-mail: AmcitChengdu@state.gov U.S. Consulate General Guangzhou Tel: (020) 3814-5775 E-mail: GuangzhouACS@state.gov U.S. Consulate General Shanghai Tel: (021) 8011-2400 E-mail: ShanghaiACS@state.gov U.S. Consulate General Shenyang Tel: (024) 2335-5188 E-mail: ShenyangACS@state.gov U.S. Consulate General Wuhan Tel: (010) 8531-4000 E-mail: BeijingACS@state.gov

英文全文请点击这里：https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-addressing-threat-securities-investments-finance-communist-chinese-military-companies/

For the full text in English, please click here: https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-addressing-threat-securities-investments-finance-communist-chinese-military-companies/

安东尼·布林肯国务卿在美国–非洲商务论坛午餐会上的讲话   安东尼·布林肯国务卿 华盛顿特区 沃尔特·E·华盛顿会议中心 2022/12/14   布林肯国务卿：大家下午好。 很高兴看到这个大厅里坐满了朋友和同事。 我从后面进来时，注意到这个区域经常停满了汽车，因为这里是车展举办地。 但今天，与我们在一起的是一个极具活力的社区。 对今天在座的国家元首，我要感谢你们与我们一起参加峰会。能与你们面对面交流让我们心存感激。 对我的朋友斯科特·内森（Scott Nathan），我不仅感谢你的溢美之词，而且特别感谢你每天发挥的领导作用，让美国政府拥有一个极为重要的工具，那就是国际开发金融公司（Development Finance Corporation）。在斯科特的领导下，这家公司现在正开足马力运营。 非常感谢我的朋友、合作伙伴、同事吉娜·雷蒙多（Gina Raimondo）部长，感谢她在商务部的整个团队，感谢他们每天为在我们国家之间建立更牢固的关系所做的工作；感谢非洲繁荣组织（Prosper Africa）、非洲企业委员会（Corporate Council on Africa）和美国商会的人员组织今天的活动。 我想我在观众席上看到了麦伦（Myron）；很高兴今天能和你们在一起。 感谢你们所做的一切。 对今天在座的所有首席执行官和商界领袖，我要感谢你们为加强非洲国家和美国之间的贸易和投资关系所做的工作，你们的工作使人民更易于交流思想、交换商品、交换服务。 大家都知道这一点：我们已有的关系是牢固的。去年，非洲国家和美国之间的双向商品和服务贸易总额超过800亿美元，为我们各国提供了数十万个就业岗位。 我们的贸易和投资关系也帮助我们在共同的优先要务上取得进展，应对从粮食不安全到全球卫生的种种全球性挑战。 我举几个在座许多人都知道的例子， 如一家名为约翰迪尔（John Deere）的美国小公司正在尼日利亚北部所进行的工作，该公司生产一些农用设备。 但除了设备生产，在过去几年中，约翰迪尔还为小农户提供农业培训和青少年教育，使他们能够应用新的、更有效的农业技术。 我们正看到这种伙伴关系产生的成果：在某些地区，农业产量提高了20%。 另一家美国优秀企业辉瑞公司（Pfizer）与德国生物技术公司BioNTech同意通过南非生物制药公司Biovac Institute生产新冠疫苗。Biovac很快将有能力在其位于开普敦的工厂每年生产超过1亿支新冠疫苗。 这就涉及到对我们来说至关重要的一项工作，那就是确保我们正在进行的投资的一部分用于发展当地能力，可持续的生产能力，以使非洲公司和非洲国家能够生产自己和世界所需的产品。 但我们都知道——你们都知道——我们能够而且应该做的事情还很多。 作为商务领袖，我们理解你们所面临的挑战的艰巨性。在很多方面，这是我们这个时代的重大拐点之一。 无论从你们大家正在经历的难以置信的波动、商品成本的变化、由新冠疫情引发的供应链问题，还是以越来越快的速度整合的新技术，我们大家知道这些都会使生活变得更为复杂。 当然，还有一些挑战在某种程度上是这一地区所特有的：非洲各国不同的税收结构，建立适合每个国家的消费者及其需求的商品和服务所需的平衡，以及吸引年轻劳动人口所需的变革。 但在这些挑战中也蕴藏着巨大的机遇。 以年轻劳动人口为例，他们要求数量更多、质量更高的工作，也总在不断寻找提高自己技能的方法。 如果能提供满足他们需求的机会，我们就有机会建立世界上最有才华的劳动队伍之一、最忠实的消费群体之一。 我们也在努力倾听——倾听我们合作伙伴的声音，倾听他们的需求。归根结底，我们正在做的事情必须以此来驱动，而不是由遥隔半个世界之外的人为事物来驱动。 例如，我们一直在倾听、而且已经听到了关于更好地利用《非洲增长与机会法》（AGOA）的响亮而明确的想法。 我们期待与你们合作，确保我们未来最大限度地发挥这一法案的全部潜力。 而我们面对的大格局是：美国和非洲国家分别作为世界上最大的经济体和世界上增长最快的经济区域之一，有潜力建立起21世纪最成功的经济伙伴关系之一。 如果我们设法将进出口份额仅增加1%，我们就将为非洲增加340亿美元的收入，为美国增加250亿美元的收入——并因此创造超过250000个优薪工作岗位。 今年早些时候，我访问了南非。我有机会阐明本届政府针对撒哈拉以南非洲地区的新战略。这项战略的核心着重于一个词语，那就是“伙伴关系”。我们的方针植根于这样一种认识，即为了切实应对我们共同的挑战，我们需要领导力，我们需要非洲国家和机构的创新，作为平等的合作伙伴，与美国的机构、我们的政府和我们的私营部门并肩工作。而且我们也致力于在与非洲企业的合作中采用这种协作方式。 让我非常简短地——这样我可以让你们继续享用午餐——提出一些为加深我们在六个关键领域的伙伴关系的工作方式。 首先，国务院以及我们的同事，商务部和其他机构——我们将组织更多的商务外交访问，届时美国政府和私营部门的领导人可以共同努力，更好地确定非洲合作伙伴并共同寻找商务机会。 其次，我们将加大经济外交力度。我们正在与国际谅解商务委员会（Business Council for International Understanding）合作，以提高我们的大使馆确定合适的当地合作伙伴并评估实地投资条件的能力。 对我们来说，在世界各地和非洲几乎每个地方都有这种外交存在也是一种至关重要、独一无二的资产，以便寻求加强我们各国之间的贸易和投资关系的方式，真正帮助美国企业发现机会，并从而帮助非洲发现机会。 第三，我们将扩展我们在投资管道的各个部分的工作——从培育投资机会到推进可行的交易协议，再到帮助完成这些交易协议。 举个例子：我们将增加对非洲新涌现的创新者的投资。正如哈里斯副总统昨天所宣布的，我们将重新启动非洲妇女创业项目（African Women Entrepreneurship Program），该项目将发放赠款以帮助非洲女企业家发展业务。经验告诉我们，这可能是一个非常强大的增长之源，一个非常强大的机会之源。 我们还出资新设了一个非洲大陆自由贸易区秘书处（Secretariat of the African Continental Free Trade Area）的投资顾问，其主要职责是将美国公司与非洲国家的商业机会联系起来。 第四，我们将继续与非洲伙伴合作，巩固一个强大的商业环境的基石。我们从我们自己的公司企业那里听到并了解到他们最期待什么，他们最需要什么来推进投资：清晰一致的税收制度、保护知识产权和高效的海关流程。我们知道可预测性和透明度——这些都是更容易吸引资本的因素。这对非洲的公司企业有利；这对非洲的劳动者有利。 第五，当投资者在进入新市场和新产业的过程中寻找管理风险的方式时，我们将帮助他们借鉴已经取得很大成功的美国投资者及公司企业的最佳实践——包括今天在座的许多人在内。 最后，我们将帮助引导更多的美国私营部门投资进入非洲各国增长巨大的产业，其中包括清洁能源、医疗保健和数字部门。 我们正在通过电力非洲（Power Africa）等项目这样做，该项目已经为撒哈拉以南非洲地区超过1.65亿人提供了更清洁、更可靠的电力。 我们也在通过新的举措这样做，其中包括全球基础设施和投资伙伴关系（Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment），我们正在该伙伴关系中与七国集团（G7）合作伙伴以及非洲东道国政府合作，推动对将引领21世纪经济的各领域的投资：从数字经济到卫生和能源安全，再到交通运输基础设施。 今天，我自豪地启动另一项新举措：可融资基础设施技术援助（Technical Assistance for Bankable Infrastructure）项目，以促进私营部门对非洲各增长部门的投资。 该项目将为美国私营部门提供便利，向非洲政府合作伙伴提供技术援助，以便使非洲官员能够更好地确定商业上可行的基础设施项目。它将为双方设立一个共同展开这些项目的进程。 因此，对于我们可以共同努力深化贸易和投资的方式我们不乏创意、不乏倡议，也不乏热情。我们进行这些投资是着眼于现在，也是着眼于未来——不仅是下一个财政年度，甚至不是未来几年，而是下一个十年甚至更长的时间。 我今天提到的这些计划、这些倡议的核心，有一个非常简明、基本的目标：更紧密地合作，以便能为我们的人民解决他们日常生活中的确关系最重大的问题。而最终，这对政府也极为重要，因为我们所有人都面临的根本挑战是——我们能否有效地满足人民的需求和愿望？ 显然，我们正在建立的联系、我们正在从事的工作，你们在通过商业、贸易、商务和投资将美国和非洲国家联通方面所表现出的领导力——是我们可以切实做到这一点的最重要的方式之一。 创造优薪工作机会，减少我们社会中的不平等，应对气候危机，加强我们的卫生安全。私营部门正在以这些以及诸多方式推动未来、推动机遇、推动政府必须应对我们的人民所面临的挑战。 因此，我们正在有意采取一种商务外交方针，而且我们是本着伙伴合作精神这样做的。我坚信，这将惠及非洲人民，惠及美国人民，并最终惠及全世界人民。 非常感谢你们所展现的交往参与，感谢你们日复一日所从事的工作。本周能够在华盛顿会面真是太好了。我认为这是进一步激励所有这些努力的一种方式，但最终将会产生影响的是在这以后每天所发生的事情。我希望你们各位在峰会闭幕离开时都更有动力，去建设这些伙伴合作、建设这些关系，并共同建设这一未来。 非常感谢大家。 （掌声）   欲查看原稿内容: https://www.state.gov/secretary-antony-j-blinken-at-the-u-s-africa-business-forum-lunch/   本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

REMARKS ANTONY J. BLINKEN, SECRETARY OF STATE WALTER E. WASHINGTON CONVENTION CENTER WASHINGTON, D.C. DECEMBER 14, 2022 SECRETARY BLINKEN:   Good afternoon, everyone.  It is wonderful to see this room so full, so full of friends, colleagues.  As I came in from the back, I note that this area is often filled with automobiles because this is where the car show takes place.  But today, we have an incredibly vibrant community with us. To the heads of state that are joining us today, thank you for being with us for the summit.  We’re so grateful to have this time with you in person, face to face. To my friend Scott Nathan, thank you not only for the incredibly generous words but especially for your leadership every single day of what is an incredibly important tool that we have in the U.S. Government, and that is the Development Finance Corporation, one that is now firing on all cylinders under Scott’s leadership. And a big thanks to my friend, to my partner, to my colleague, Secretary Gina Raimondo, to her entire team at the Department of Commerce, for the work that’s being done every single day to build stronger ties between our countries; the folks at Prosper Africa, the Corporate Council on Africa, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce for organizing today’s event.  I think I saw Myron in the audience there somewhere; great to be with you today.  Thank you for everything that you’re doing. To all the CEOs, to the business leaders who are here today, thank you for the work that you’re doing to strengthen the trade and investment ties between the African countries and the United States, for making it easier for our people to exchange their ideas, to exchange their goods, to exchange their services. You all know this:  The ties that we already have are robust.  Last year, two-way trade in goods and services between African nations and the United States totaled more than $80 billion, supporting hundreds of thousands of jobs in our countries. Our trade and investment ties have also helped to make progress on our shared priorities, on global challenges, from food insecurity to global health. A couple of examples, well-known to many of you.  The work being done in Northern Nigeria by a small U.S. company by the name of John Deere, which produces a little bit of farming equipment. But besides the equipment, for the past few years, John Deere has provided agricultural training and youth education to smallhold farmers so that they’re able to apply new, more effective farming techniques.  And we’re seeing the fruit of that kind of partnership; in some areas, farm yields have gone up by 20 percent. Pfizer, another great U.S. company, which alongside German biotech company BioNTech agreed to manufacture its COVID-19 vaccine through The Biovac Institute, a South African biopharmaceutical company.  Biovac will soon have the capacity to produce more than 100 million COVID-19 vaccines annually in its facility in Cape Town. And this gets at something that’s vitally important for us, which is to make sure that part of what we’re doing is investing in local capacity, sustainable production capacity, so that African companies and African countries can produce what’s needed for themselves as well as for the world. But we all know – you all know – that there is so much more that we can and we should do. As business leaders, we appreciate the difficulty of the challenges you face.  In so many ways this is one of the great inflection points of our time.  And whether it’s the incredible volatility that you’re all experiencing, the changing costs of commodities, supply chain issues caused by COVID, integrating new technologies that are evolving at an ever-faster pace, we know that this complicates life in profound ways. And of course there are challenges that are, to some extent, unique to the region: differing tax structures across African nations, the balance required to create goods and services that are customized to each country’s consumers and their demands, changes required to engage a young workforce. But there’s tremendous opportunity in those challenges, as well.  Take the younger workforce, for example, demanding more, higher-quality jobs, constantly looking for ways to upskill.  If we provide them with the chance to do that, we have a chance to build one of the most talented workforces, one of the most dedicated consumer bases, in the world. We’re also trying to listen – listen to our partners, listen to their needs.  Ultimately, what we’re doing has to be driven by that, not by something invented half a world away. For example, we’ve been listening, and we’ve been hearing loud and clear ideas for better utilizing AGOA.  And we look forward to working with you to ensure that we maximize its full potential going forward. But the big picture is this: together, as the world’s largest economy and one of the world’s fastest-growing economic regions, respectively, the United States and African nations have the potential to build one of the 21st century’s most successful economic partnerships. If we manage to increase our share of imports and exports by just 1 percent, we would generate an additional $34 billion in revenue for Africa, $25 billion in revenue for the United States – and create more than 250,000 good-paying jobs as a result. Earlier this year I was in South Africa.  I had an opportunity to set out the administration’s new strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa.  And at its heart, it’s a strategy that’s focused on one word, and that’s “partnership.”  Our approach is rooted in the recognition that to meaningfully address our shared challenges, we need the leadership, we need the innovation of African nations and institutions working side by side, as equal partners, with American institutions, with our government, with our private sector.  And we’re committed to this collaborative approach in our work with African businesses, too. Let me just very quickly – so that I can allow you to get on with enjoying your lunch – suggest a few ways that we’re working to deepen our partnership in six key areas. First, the State Department and our colleagues, the Commerce Department, other agencies – we’re going to be organizing more commercial diplomacy trips, where leaders from across the U.S. Government and our private sector can work together to better identify African partners and source business opportunities together. Second, we will step up our economic diplomacy efforts.  We’re working with the Business Council for International Understanding to enhance the abilities of our embassies to identify suitable local partners and to assess investment conditions on the ground. For us, having this diplomatic presence around the world and in virtually every part of Africa is also a critical and unique asset for finding ways to strengthen the trade and investment relationships between our countries, to actually help identify opportunities for American business and, as a result, opportunities for Africa. Third, we’ll expand our work in all parts of the investment pipeline – from fostering investment opportunities, to promoting viable deals, to helping to close those deals. One example:  We’ll be investing more in rising African innovators.  As Vice President Harris announced yesterday, we’re relaunching the African Women Entrepreneurship Program, which will distribute grants to help African women entrepreneurs grow their businesses.  We know from experience that this can be a very powerful source of growth, a very powerful source of opportunity. We’re also funding a new Investment Advisor to the Secretariat of the African Continental Free Trade Area, whose primary responsibility is to connect American companies with business opportunities in African nations. Fourth, we’ll continue our work with African partners to bolster the building blocks of a strong business environment.  We hear, we know from our own companies, what they’re most looking for, what they most need to move forward with investment: clear and consistent tax regimes, protecting intellectual property rights, efficient customs processes.  We know that predictability, transparency – these are the things that make it easier to attract capital.  That’s good for African companies; it’s good for African workers. Fifth, as investors look for ways to manage risk while moving into new markets and new industries, we will help them draw on the best practices of U.S. investors and firms that have already done so successfully – including many of you who are here in this room today. Finally, we will help channel more U.S. private sector investment to the vast growth industries across African nations, including in clean energy, in health care, in the digital sectors. We’re doing that through programs like Power Africa, which has already connected more than 165 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa with cleaner, more reliable electricity. We’re doing it through new initiatives as well, including the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment, where we’re teaming up with our partners in the G7 as well as with African host governments to drive investment in areas that will lead the 21st century economy: from the digital economy, to health and energy security, to transportation infrastructure. I’m proud to launch another new initiative today: the Technical Assistance for Bankable Infrastructure program to boost private sector investment in Africa’s growth sectors. This program will make it easier for the U.S. private sector to provide technical assistance to partner African governments so that African officials can better identify commercially viable infrastructure projects.  It will create a process for both parties to pursue these projects together. So there’s no shortage of ideas, there’s no shortage of initiatives, there’s no shortage of enthusiasm for the ways that we can work together to deepen trade and investment.  And we’re making these investments with an eye, yes, to the present, but also to the future – not just the next fiscal year, not even the next few years, but with the next decade and longer in mind as well. At the heart of these programs, these initiatives that I’ve touched on today, there is one very simple and fundamental goal: working more closely together so we can deliver for our people on the issues that actually matter most to them in their daily lives.  And ultimately, that’s profoundly important for governments as well because the fundamental challenge that we all face is that – can we effectively deliver on the needs, on the aspirations of our people? Clearly, the connections that we’re making, the work that we’re doing, the leadership that you’re showing in connecting the United States and African nations through business, through trade, through commerce, through investment – it’s one of the most significant ways that we can actually do that. Creating good-paying jobs, reducing inequity in our societies, dealing with the climate crisis, strengthening our health security.  In these and so many ways, the private sector is driving the future, driving opportunity, driving the need of governments to address the challenges that our people face. So we’re taking an intentional approach to commercial diplomacy, and we’re doing that in the spirit of partnership.  I’m convinced that will lead to the benefit of the African people, to the benefit of the American people, and ultimately to the benefit of people around the world. Thank you so much for the engagement that you’re showing, the work that you’re doing every single day.  It’s wonderful to be able to meet this week in Washington.  I think it’s a way of further energizing all of these efforts, but ultimately it’s what’s happening every day beyond here that’s going to make a difference.  And I hope that each of you leaves the summit when it’s over further energized to build these partnerships, to build these relationships, to build this future together. Thank you so much.  (Applause.)

中华人民共和国对台湾军事施压威胁地区和平稳定 新闻稿 美国国务院发言人内德·普赖斯 (Ned Price) 2021年1月23日 美国关切地注意到中华人民共和国不断企图恐吓包括台湾在内的近邻。我们敦促北京停止对台湾的军事、外交和经济施压，并以与台湾的民选代表们进行有意义的对话取而代之。 我们会与朋友和盟友站在一起，推进我们在印度–太平洋地区的共同繁荣、安全和价值观——这包括加深我们与民主台湾的关系。美国将继续支持以符合台湾人民的愿望和最大利益的方式和平解决海峡两岸问题。美国长期恪守三个公报、《台湾关系法》和六项保证中的承诺。我们将继续协助台湾保持充分的自卫能力。我们对台湾的承诺坚若磐石，有助于维护台湾海峡两岸及该地区内的和平与稳定。

PRC Military Pressure Against Taiwan Threatens Regional Peace and Stability PRESS RELEASE NED PRICE, DEPARTMENT SPOKESPERSON JANUARY 23, 2021 The United States notes with concern the pattern of ongoing PRC attempts to intimidate its neighbors, including Taiwan. We urge Beijing to cease its military, diplomatic, and economic pressure against Taiwan and instead engage in meaningful dialogue with Taiwan’s democratically elected representatives. We will stand with friends and allies to advance our shared prosperity, security, and values in the Indo-Pacific region — and that includes deepening our ties with democratic Taiwan. The United States will continue to support a peaceful resolution of cross-strait issues, consistent with the wishes and best interests of the people on Taiwan. The United States maintains its longstanding commitments as outlined in the Three Communiqués, the Taiwan Relations Act, and the Six Assurances. We will continue to assist Taiwan in maintaining a sufficient self-defense capability. Our commitment to Taiwan is rock-solid and contributes to the maintenance of peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait and within the region.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿特区 2021年3月22日 媒体通报 关于新疆的联合声明（Joint Statement on Xinjiang） 以下是加拿大外长、英国外相和美国国务卿发布的声明全文。 全文开始： 我们——加拿大外交部长、英国外相和美国国务卿——对中国在新疆违反和践踏人权一致感到深切和持续关注。有关证据雄辩，其中包括中国政府自身文件、卫星图像和目击者证词。中国的大规模压制项目包括严厉限制宗教自由，使用强劳，在拘留营大批关押，强制绝育，以及通力摧毁维吾尔传统。 今天，我们就相关措施采取协调行动——它们与欧洲联盟（European Union）的措施平行，以此对在新疆违反和践踏人权发出明确信息。我们一致呼吁中国停止对维吾尔族穆斯林和新疆其他少数民族和宗教少数派成员的压制，并且释放被任意拘留的人。 我们强调必须透明和究责，并呼吁中国准许国际社会，其中包括联合国的独立调查人员、新闻工作者和外国外交官，无障碍进入新疆。 我们将继续共同将中国践踏人权的情况曝光。我们团结一致，要求使在新疆受难的人得到公正。 全文结束

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE Office of the Spokesperson For Immediate Release MEDIA NOTE Joint Statement on Xinjiang The text of the following statement was released by the foreign ministers of Canada and the United Kingdom, and the United States Secretary of State. Begin Text: We, the Foreign Ministers of Canada and the United Kingdom, and the United States Secretary of State, are united in our deep and ongoing concern regarding China’s human rights violations and abuses in Xinjiang. The evidence, including from the Chinese Government’s own documents, satellite imagery, and eyewitness testimony is overwhelming. China’s extensive program of repression includes severe restrictions on religious freedoms, the use of forced labour, mass detention in internment camps, forced sterilisations, and the concerted destruction of Uyghur heritage. Today, we have taken coordinated action on measures, in parallel to measures by the European Union, that send a clear message about the human rights violations and abuses in Xinjiang. We are united in calling for China to end its repressive practices against Uyghur Muslims and members of other ethnic and religious minority groups in Xinjiang, and to release those arbitrarily detained. We underline the importance of transparency and accountability and call on China to grant the international community, including independent investigators from the United Nations, journalists, and foreign diplomats, unhindered access to Xinjiang. We will continue to stand together to shine a spotlight on China’s human rights violations. We stand united and call for justice for those suffering in Xinjiang. End text.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿特区 2020年6月26日 发言人摩根·奥特加斯（Morgan Ortagus）声明 支持酷刑受害者国际日（International Day in Support of Victims of Torture） 在支持酷刑受害者国际日（International Day in Support of Victims of Torture）到来之际，我们纪念和支持世界各地的受难者和幸存者。这是《联合国禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约》（UN Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment）生效的周年纪念日；迄今已有包括美国在内的166个国家批准了这项公约。美国承诺运用一切现有手段，促使酷刑行为者承担责任。他们的行径给受害者造成人生摧残。悲哀的是，我们继续接到世界各地发生酷刑的报告。 伊朗政权使用多种正规和非正规规定的酷刑，压制和惩罚民众。正规规定的酷刑方式包括鞭笞，致盲，石刑和截肢。伊朗官员还以非正规规定的方式，通过性强暴施加残酷折磨。我们对此予以最强烈的谴责。 在中华人民共和国，100多万新疆维吾尔族人、哈萨克族人，吉尔吉斯族人和其他以穆斯林为主体的少数民族的成员被任意关押在拘留营，许多人报告在那里受到酷刑。北韩政权也继续将酷刑作为其拘留设施中的常规做法，尤其是针对被强迫从海外返回的叛逃者——包括儿童。 我们再次谴责阿萨德政权大力施行的任意拘押和酷刑，我们继续要求立即释放所有被不正当和任意关押的人，包括叙利亚妇女和儿童，他们的唯一罪行是要求改革和变化。此外，我们重新呼吁俄罗斯联邦当局停止让据报发生在车臣共和国的任意拘押和酷刑行径逍遥法外。 我们同样要求尼加拉瓜和古巴政权以及委内瑞拉非法的马杜罗政权不要用酷刑压制异议声音，并且停止对人权和基本自由权利的专制压制。我们都记得，一年前，高级专员巴切莱特到委内瑞拉，努力调查委内瑞拉人被施以残忍酷刑的情况。数日后，阿科斯塔·阿雷瓦洛（Acosta Arevalo）上尉因遭受恶毒的酷刑死亡。 此外，津巴布韦政府动用国家支持的暴力镇压人民。这包括有报告所说的以绑架和酷刑手段压制公民社会，包括劳工领袖和反对派人士。尤其令我们担忧的是，最近有三名女性反对派领袖——乔安娜·马蒙贝（Joanna Mamombe）、塞西莉亚·奇姆比里（Cecilia Chimbiri）和内萨伊·马洛瓦（Netsai Marova）——在参加和平示威时遭到绑架、虐待和性侵。她们仍被关在监狱，不准许获得保释。 这些国家仅是全世界许多继续通过使用酷刑压制异议声音、逼供和实施法外惩处的政府当中的几个例子，这些行为违背法治。值此支持酷刑受害者国际日，我们呼吁所有政府采取行动，防止酷刑，使酷刑幸存者得到补偿和康复，并且将施酷刑者绳之以法。

For Immediate Release  STATEMENT BY MORGAN ORTAGUS, SPOKESPERSON June 26, 2020 On the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture, we honor and support victims and survivors throughout the world. We observe this day on the anniversary of the date on which the UN Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment came into effect; 166 countries including the United States have since ratified the Convention. The United States is committed to using all available tools to promote accountability for those who engage in these practices, which can destroy the lives of victims. Sadly, we continue to receive reports of torture from across the globe. The Iranian regime employs a wide range of officially and unofficially sanctioned torture to repress and punish members of its population. Officially sanctioned forms of torture include flogging, blinding, stoning, and amputation. Unofficially, Iranian officials have also inflicted torture through sexual violence, which we condemn in the strongest terms. In the People’s Republic of China, more than a million Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and members of other predominantly Muslim minority groups in Xinjiang have been arbitrarily detained in internment camps, where many report torture. The North Korean regime also continues to employ torture as a standard practice in its detention facilities, particularly against defectors—including children—forcibly returned from abroad. We additionally condemn the Assad regime’s campaign of arbitrary detention and torture, and we continue to demand the immediate release of all wrongfully and arbitrarily detained persons, including Syrian women and children, whose only crime was to call for reform and change. Moreover, we renew our calls for Russian federal authorities to end impunity for reported arbitrary detention and torture in the Chechen Republic. We similarly call on the regimes of Nicaragua and Cuba and the illegitimate Maduro regime in Venezuela to refrain from using torture to silence dissent and to cease authoritarian repression of human rights and fundamental freedoms. We all remember that a year ago, High Commissioner Bachelet was in Venezuela, attempting to investigate brutal acts of torture against Venezuelans. Days later, Captain Acosta Arevalo died because of the vicious acts of torture committed against him. In addition, the Government of Zimbabwe employs state-sponsored violence to repress its population. This includes reported abductions and torture to repress civil society, including labor leaders and opposition figures. We are particularly alarmed by the recent abduction, abuse, and sexual assault of three female opposition leaders – Joanna Mamombe, Cecilia Chimbiri and Netsai Marova – while participating in a peaceful demonstration. They remain in jail, where they have been denied bail. These countries are only a few examples of the many governments around the world that continue to use torture to silence dissent, coerce confessions, and extract extrajudicial punishment, actions which are antithetical to the rule of law. On this International Day in Support of Victims of Torture, we call on all governments to act to prevent torture, to provide compensation and rehabilitation for survivors of torture, and to bring those who engage in torture to justice.

2019年10月8日美国东部夏令时间下午 05:33 发言人办公室 美国、波兰和大韩民国于10月7日至8日在首尔召集了华沙进程（Warsaw Process）网络安全工作组。接近50个来自世界各地的代表团参加了这一工作组。代表团讨论了通过加强合作来促进网络空间的稳定、遏制恶意网络活动、打击网络犯罪并保护关键基础设施的重要性。工作组将继续在2020年第二届部长级会议之前就网络安全问题促进与区域行为体的合作。 华沙进程由美国和波兰在促进中东地区和平与安全的未来部长级会议之后于二月份创立。该倡议包括七个专家级工作组，正在通过有意义的多边主义推进中东地区的稳定，这种多边主义可促进更深入的地区和全球协作。人权工作组将于10月10日至11日在华盛顿DC举行会议。 互联网和信息以及沟通技术的快速发展带来了全球经济中的巨大进展，但是这也给国际和平与安全带来了新兴挑战。在全世界各地，包括在中东地区，网络空间中破坏稳定的活动都在增加，因为违法犯罪的恶意软件和商业恶意软件便于获得，以及互联网联通设备无处不在，这为国家行为体和非国家行为体创造了发起恶意和破坏性网络行动的新机会。 国家间合作促进网络空间的稳定并防止恶意网络活动可能造成的冲突比以往任何时候都更为重要。鉴于世界各国有各自独特的专长，在国家或区域层面应对网络安全需要更深入的国际合作和伙伴关系。 关于应对重大网络事件的合作机制，各代表团讨论了：共享网络安全最佳做法的至关重要性；网络事件响应能力建设；鉴于《布达佩斯网络犯罪公约》打击网络犯罪；以及制定和实施国家网络战略。工作组将继续努力采取实际步骤，包括程序和工具，以更有效地识别网络威胁和分享信息，以及更快地收集和交换电子证据以根据商定的联合国框架增加归因和应对潜力。 关于促进合作以遏制和应对重大网络事件的政策目标，代表团讨论了由联合国政府专家组制定并获得联合国大会推荐的网络空间稳定性框架能够如何帮助增进所有区域的安全。网络空间框架有三个首要元素：1）确认所有现行国际法适用于在网络空间的国家行为；2）在和平时期，遵守自愿的、没有约束力的在网络空间的负责任国家行为规范；3）思考、制定和实施切实可行的信心建立措施（CBMs）来减少网络空间发生冲突的风险。 联合国成员国已经承诺以该框架指导其行动，工作组讨论了各国为改善区域稳定与安全而更多支持该框架，以及采取额外行动阻止行为体在网络空间开展破坏稳定性的活动，并追究恶意行为体的责任。 以下国家对工作组的声明作出了贡献： 1.阿富汗 2.澳大利亚 3.奥地利 4.巴林 5.比利时 6.巴西 7.哥伦比亚 8.克罗地亚 9.捷克共和国 10.丹麦 11.厄瓜多尔 12.埃及 13.爱沙尼亚 14.芬兰 15.法国 16.德国 17.希腊 18.匈牙利 19.爱尔兰 20.意大利 21.以色列 22.约旦 23.科威特 24.拉脱维亚 25.墨西哥 26.摩洛哥 27.黑山共和国 28.新西兰 29.尼日利亚 30.挪威 31.阿曼 32.波兰 33.葡萄牙 34.卡塔尔 35.罗马尼亚 36.沙特阿拉伯 37.斯洛伐克 38.西班牙 39.瑞士 40.荷兰 41.大韩民国 42.阿拉伯联合酋长国 43.英国 44.美国 45.突尼斯 46.乌克兰

10/08/2019 05:33 PM EDT Office of the Spokesperson The United States, Poland, and the Republic of Korea convened the Warsaw Process cybersecurity working group in Seoul October 7 to 8.  Nearly 50 delegations from around the world participated in the working group.  Delegations discussed the importance of strengthening cooperation to promote stability in cyberspace, deter malicious cyber activity, combat cybercrime, and protect critical infrastructure.  The working group will continue to facilitate cooperation on cyber issues with regional actors in advance of a second ministerial in 2020. The Warsaw Process was launched by the United States and Poland in February following the Ministerial to Promote a Future of Peace and Security in the Middle East.  The initiative, which consists of seven expert-level working groups, is promoting stability in the Middle East through meaningful multilateralism that fosters deeper regional and global collaboration.  The human rights working group will meet October 10-11 in Washington, D.C. The rapid growth of the internet and information and communication technologies has produced great developments in the global economy, but it has also led to new and emerging threats to international peace and security. Destabilizing activity in cyberspace is increasing around the world including in the Middle East as the availability of criminal and commercial malware and the ubiquity of internet-connected devices has created new opportunities for state and non-state actors to launch malicious and damaging cyber operations. Cooperation among states is more important than ever to promote stability in cyberspace and to prevent conflict that could potentially result from malicious cyber activities. Given that states around the world have unique expertise, addressing cybersecurity at the national or regional level requires deeper international cooperation and partnership. On cooperative mechanisms for responding to significant cyber incidents, delegations discussed: the critical importance of sharing cybersecurity best practices; capacity building for cyber incident response; combatting cybercrime, noting the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime; and developing and implementing national cyber strategies. The Working Group will continue to work on practical steps, including procedures and tools for more effective cyber threat identification and information sharing as well as faster e-evidence collection and exchange to increase attribution and response potential in accordance with agreed UN framework. On policy objectives that promote cooperation in deterring and responding to significant cyber incidents, delegations discussed how the framework for stability in cyberspace developed by the UN Group of Government Experts and recommended by the UN General Assembly can help increase security throughout all regions. This framework has three primary elements: 1) affirmation that all existing international law applies to state behavior in cyberspace; 2) adherence to voluntary, non-binding norms of responsible state behavior in cyberspace during peacetime; and 3) the consideration, development, and implementation of practical confidence building measures (CBMs) to reduce the risk of conflict in cyberspace. United Nations Member States have already committed to be guided in their actions by this framework, and the working group discussed increasing support for this framework by states to improve regional stability and security, as well as additional actions to deter actors from carrying out destabilizing activities in cyberspace, and to hold malicious actors accountable. The following countries contributed to the working group statement:

拜登总统在民主峰会开幕会议上的讲话 白宫 新闻秘书办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区 2021年12月9日 南院礼堂（South Court Auditorium） 美东标准时间上午8时12分   总统：各位好，欢迎参加首届民主峰会（Summit for Democracy）。 这次集会长时间以来一直萦绕在我的脑海中，原因很简单：面对全世界对民主以及普世人权的持续不断、令人警觉的挑战，民主需要有积极倡导者。 而且我想要主持这次峰会，是因为这里——在美国这里，我们和所有人一样清楚，振兴我们的民主以及增强我们的民主机制必须要靠持续的努力。 美国民主是一场持续不断的奋斗，为了践行我们的最高理念并弥合我们的分歧；为了让我们重新致力于我们的《独立宣言》（Declaration of Independence）所阐明的我国的建国理念。 我们宣告：“这些真理是不言而喻的”，所有女性和男性都生而平等，造物主赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。 民主不会偶然产生。我们必须一代接一代地努力振兴它。而且在我看来，这是我们所有人的一项迫切要务。因为我们正在看到的数据大都指向一个错误的方向。 据自由之家（Freedom House）报告，2020年标志着全球自由连续第15年出现倒退。 近期的另外一份报告来自国际民主和选举援助机构（International Institute of Democracy and Electoral Assistance），报告指出所有民主体中有一半以上，其中包括美国在内，在过去10年里经历了他们的民主中至少一个方面的退步。 而且这些趋势因全球性挑战而加剧，这些挑战比以往任何时候都更加复杂，并需要共同努力来解决有关关切： 来自独裁者的外部压力。他们试图增进自己的权力，向全世界输出并扩大他们的势力，并为他们的压制性政策和做法开脱，声称其为应对今日挑战的一种更有效的方式。正是这么宣扬的。 试图煽风点火，助长社会分裂和政治两极分化的声音。 而且可能最重要也是最令人担忧的——最令人担忧的是，助长全世界人民对于他们感到未能满足他们需求的民主政府的不满。 在我看来，这是我们这个时代的决定性挑战。 民主——民有、民治、民享的政府——有时可能是脆弱的，但它也具备固有的坚韧性。它能够自我修正，也能够自我改善。 是的，民主是艰难的。我们都知道这一点。它在共识与合作中最有效力。当观点可能对立的人士及党派坐下来找到一起合作的途径时，就能开始见效了。 但它是发挥人类潜能并捍卫人类尊严以及解决重大问题的最佳途径。而且有赖于我们来证明这一点。 民主并非全都一样。我们并非在每个问题上都意见一致，我们今天与会的所有人都是这样。但我们共同做出的选择，我认为，将为子孙后代确定我们共同的未来的道路。 而且作为一个全球民主共同体，我们必须捍卫那些将我们团结起来的价值观。 我们必须捍卫正义和法治、言论自由、集会自由、新闻自由、宗教自由以及每个人的所有固有人权。 我已辞世的朋友、国会众议员约翰·刘易斯（John Lewis）曾是一位美国民主以及全世界民权的伟大的倡导者，他学习了甘地（Gandhi）和曼德拉（Mandela）等其他伟大的领袖的经验并从中得到激励。 去年，他在临终时为我们国家留下了遗言，他让我们的国家不要忘记：“民主不是一种状态，而是一种行动。” “民主不是一种状态，而是一种行动。” 因此，在今后两天里，我们将来自100多个政府的领导人汇集在一起，还有活动人士、行业工会人士及其他公民社会成员，知名专家和研究人员，以及工商界代表，不是——不是要断言我们的民主体中的任何一个完美无缺或无所不知，而是要挽起手来并重申我们改善我们的民主体的共同承诺；分享创意并相互学习；并做出切实承诺——如何增强我们自己的民主并抵御威权主义，抗击腐败，促进并保护每个地方的人民的人权。要行动起来。要行动起来。 本届峰会将启动付诸行动的一年，让我们所有国家都落实我们的承诺并在明年报告我们所取得的进展。 我们在这样做的同时，美国将以身作则地引领，并投入于我们自己的民主——我们的民主，同时支持我们在全世界的合作伙伴。 自本届政府就职之初，我们——我们就实行了基础广泛的议程，以证实美国民主仍能成就大事并应对最重大的挑战。 因此，我们立即通过了我们所说的《美国救援计划》（American Rescue Plan），尽可能快地在国内及世界各地为人们接种疫苗，以便控制住这场疫情并刺激包容的、持久的经济恢复，而这也有助于推动全球增长。 上个月，我自豪地签署了一项跨党派立法，我们国内的民主党人和共和党人之间的一项真正的共识法案：《基础设施投资和就业法》（Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act）。 这项立法将进行一项世代投资，以便为人民提供在21世纪最需要的服务：清洁用水、安全的道路、高速宽带网络以及诸多服务——所有这些都将通过创造收入良好的有工会的工作机会来增强我们的民主，这些工作将让劳动人民过上拥有机会和尊严的生活，能更好地获取他们蓬勃发展所需的工具和资源。 而且我希望——我希望很快——很快——就能签署我们称之为《更好地重建》（Build Back Better）计划的法案并使之成为法律，它将成为对我们的人民和我们的劳动者的巨大投资，并让美国家庭享有多一点喘息余地来应对他们的问题和他们的机会。 我们的国内议程一直侧重于满足美国人民的需求和加强我们国内的民主制度。 在上任的第一天，我签署了一项促进种族公正和平等的行政命令。最近，本届政府发布了我们的第一份性别平等和公平国家战略（National Strategy on Gender Equality and Equity）。 我们正在增强工人的权力，工人通过组织工会在工作场所、社区和国家中发表意见，这不仅仅是争取经济利益的集体行为，也是民主实践。 我们正在努力为美国人民登记投票提供便利，我们把司法部从事捍卫和执行选举权法律工作的律师人数增加了一倍。 本届政府将继续努力通过两项至关重要的立法，它们将巩固美国民主的基础：每个人通过自由、公平和安全的选举发表自己意见的神圣权利。 我们需要颁布我们所说的《自由选举法案》（Freedom to Vote Act）和《约翰·刘易斯选举权促进法案》（John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act），以防止选举歧视，确保选民的基本权利，并确保选民的意愿以及其他权益得到维护。 我们应该让人民更容易投票，而不是更难投票。在我们达到目标之前，这将仍然是本届政府的一项首要工作。 不作为不是一种选择。 随着我们继续在国内做出努力，使美国更接近我们所说的“更完美的联盟”，我们还在大力加强与世界各地民主体的联系并为它们提供支持。 本周早些时候，我发布了第一个美国政府反腐败战略，该战略提升了我们打击跨国腐败的力度——这种犯罪消耗公共资源，削弱政府为人民提供服务的能力，使人们对政府失去必不可少的信心。 该战略包括与你们各位——我们在世界各地的伙伴——合作，以提高透明度，追究腐败行为者的责任，削弱他们利用美国和国际金融体系隐藏资产和洗钱的能力。 今天，我自豪地发起了“总统民主复兴倡议”（Presidential Initiative for Democratic Renewal），该倡议将侧重于所有外交——外交和对外援助计划，在全球范围内加强民主体制的复原力和人权。 我们正在与国会商榷，计划在明年投入高达 2.24 亿美元 [4.24 亿美元] 来加强透明和负责任的治理，包括支持媒体自由、打击国际腐败、与民主改革者站在一起、促进有助于民主发展的高新技术，明确什么是公平选举并捍卫它。 让我举几个例子来说明根据这个倡议所需要从事的工作：一个自由和独立的媒体。这是民主的基石，是公众知情和向政府问责的机制。在世界范围内，新闻自由正在受到威胁。 因此，我们正在投入至关重要的种子资金来启动一项新的多边努力——国际公共利益媒体基金（International Fund for Public Interest Media）——以支持世界各地的独立媒体。 我们将通过美国国际发展署设立一个新的保护记者防范诽谤基金（Defamation Defense Fund for Journalists），以帮助保护调查记者免受企图阻止其工作——他们在世界各地的重要工作——的滋扰诉讼。 我们将启动一批新计划，以帮助将民间社会、媒体、学术界、劳工界的反腐败活动联系起来，保护举报人，并帮助合作伙伴消除洗钱和避风港。 为了确保我们的民主通过声音——通过所有公民的声音——得到加强，这项总统倡议包括许多计划，其内容包括增进妇女和女孩权益、加强公民参与和政治领导力、增强 LGBTQL+ 社区及个人参与民主体制的能力、促进劳工法改革、支持工人组织等。 它包括我们与合作伙伴共同做出的一些新努力，以解决在线骚扰和滥用问题，降低一些国家滥用高新技术（包括监控技术）压制人民表达意见的权利的可能性。 我们将提出两项——我们将提出两项跨领域的快速反应行动计划，以支持本次峰会的关键目标：民主复兴基金和民主伙伴关系（Partnership for Democracy）项目。这将允许美国国务院和美国国际发展署在必要时提供紧急资金，支持我们在世界各地民主前线辛勤努力的合作伙伴们。 各位领导人、公民社会成员、活动家、维权人士及公民们：在我看来，我们正处于一个历史转折点。我们接下来——在这一刻做出的选择将从根本上决定我们的世界在未来几十年的发展方向。 我们将坐视人权和民主继续倒退还是将共同——共同——追求一个愿景——不是“一个”愿景，而是唯一的“愿景”——并鼓起勇气再次引领人类走向进步和自由？ 我相信我们可以做到，如果我们对自己、我们的民主制度以及彼此有信心，我们就会做到。 这就是本次峰会的意义所在。 我非常期待我们在接下来的两天中即将举行的富有成效的会议和讨论。我期待我们将建立联系，推动我们的工作向前发展。 因此，让我们行动起来。非常感谢大家耐心地听我演讲。 （讲话完） 美东标准时间上午8时25分   欲查看原稿内容: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/12/09/remarks-by-president-biden-at-the-summit-for-democracy-opening-session/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

Remarks By President Biden At The Summit For Democracy Opening Session DECEMBER 09, 2021•SPEECHES AND REMARKS 8:12 A.M. EST THE PRESIDENT:  Well, hello everyone, and welcome to the first Summit for Democracy. This gathering has been on my mind for a long time for a simple reason: In the face of sustained and alarming challenges to democracy, universal human rights, and — all around the world, democracy needs champions. And I wanted to host this summit because here is the — here in the United States, we know as well as anyone that renewing our democracy and strengthening our democratic institutions requires constant effort. American democracy is an ongoing struggle to live up to our highest ideals and to heal our divisions; to recommit ourselves to the founding idea of our nation captured in our Declaration of Independence, not unlike many of your documents. We say: “We hold these truths to be self-evident” that all women and men are created equal, endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among them life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Democracy doesn’t happen by accident.  We have to renew it with each generation.  And this is an urgent matter on all our parts, in my view.  Because the data we’re seeing is largely pointing in the wrong direction. Freedom House reports, in 2020, that it marked the 15th consecutive year of global freedom in retreat. Another recent report, from the International Institute of Democracy and Electoral Assistance, noted that more than half of all democracies have experienced a decline in at least one aspect of their democracy over the last 10 years, including the United States. And these trends are being exacerbated by global challenges that are more complex than ever and which require shared efforts to address these concerns: By outside pressure from autocrats.  They seek to advance their own power, export and expand their influence around the world, and justify their repressive policies and practices as a more efficient way to address today’s challenges.  That’s how it’s sold. By voices that seek to fan the flames of societal division and political polarization. And perhaps most importantly and worrying of all — most worrying of all, by increasing the dissatisfaction of people all around the world with democratic governments that they feel are failing to deliver for their needs. In my view, this is the defining challenge of our time. Democracy — government of the people, by the people, for the people — can at times be fragile, but it also is inherently resilient.  It’s capable of self-correction and it’s capable of self-improvement. And, yes, democracy is hard.  We all know that.  It works best with consensus and cooperation.  When people and parties that might have opposing views sit down and find ways to work together, things begin to work. But it’s the best way to unleash human potential and defend human dignity and solve big problems.  And it’s up to us to prove that. Democracies are not all the same.  We don’t agree on everything, all of us in this meeting today.  But the choices we make together are going to define, in my view, the course of our shared future for generations to come. And as a global community for democracy, we have to stand up for the values that unite us. We have to stand for justice and the rule of law, for free speech, free assembly, a free press, freedom of religion, and for all the inherent human rights of every individual. My late friend Congressman John Lewis was a great champion of American democracy and for civil rights around the world, learning from and gaining inspiration from other great leaders like Gandhi and Mandela. With his final words, as he was dying, to our nation last year, he reminded our country, quote, “Democracy is not a state, it is an act.”  “Democracy is not a state, it is an act.” So, over the next two days, we’re bringing together leaders from more than 100 governments alongside activists, trade unionists, and other members of civil society, leading experts and researchers, and representatives from the business community, not — not to assert that any one of our democracies is perfect or has all the answers, but to lock arms and reaffirm our shared commitment to make our democracies better; to share ideas and learn from each other; and to make concrete commitments of how — how to strengthen our own democracies and push back on authoritarianism, fight corruption, promote and protect human rights of people everywhere.  To act.  To act. This summit is a kick-off of a year in action for all of our countries to follow through on our commitments and to report back next year on the progress we’ve made. And as we do this, the United States is going to lead by example, investing in our own democratic — in our democracy, supporting our partners around the world at the same time. From the earliest days of my administration, we pursu- — we’ve pursued a broad-based agenda to prove that American democracy can still do big things and take on challenges that matter most. That’s why we immediately passed what we call the American Rescue Plan to get shots in people’s arms as fast as possible at home and around the world to help get this pandemic under control, and to stimulate inclusive and lasting economic recovery that’s also helping to drive global growth. Last month, I was proud to sign a bipartisan piece of legislation, a true act of consensus between Democrats and Republicans in our country: the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. This legislation will make a generational investment to deliver what people need most in the 21st century: clean water, safe roads, high-speed broadband Internet, and so much more — all of which strengthens our democracy by creating good-paying union jobs that will translate to lives of opportunity and dignity for working people, with better access to the tools and resources they need to thrive. And soon — and soon, I hope — I hope to sign into law a bill we call the Build Back Better plan, which will be an extraordinary investment in our people and our workers and give American families just a little more breathing room to deal with their problems and their opportunities. Our domestic agenda has been focused on delivering for the needs of the American people and strengthening our democratic institutions at home. On my first day in office, I signed an executive order to advance racial justice and equality.  And my administration recently released our first National Strategy on Gender Equality and Equity. We’re fostering greater worker power, because workers organizing a union to give them the voice in their workplace, in their community, and their country isn’t just an act of economic solidarity, it’s democracy in action. We’re making it easy for Americans to register to vote, and we’ve doubled the number of attorneys defending and enforcing voting rights laws through our Department of Justice. And my administration is going to keep fighting to pass two critical pieces of legislation that will shore up the very foundation of American democracy: the sacred right of every person to make their voice heard through free, fair, and secure elections. We need to enact what we call the Freedom to Vote Act and the John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act to prevent voting discrimination, provide baselines for assessing — accessing the ballot box, and ensure the will of the voters is upheld, and so much more. We should be making it easy for people to vote, not harder.  And that’s going to remain a priority for my administration until we get it done. Inaction is not an option. And as we continue to work at home to bring the United States closer to what we call a “more perfect union,” we’re doubling down on our engagement with and support of democracies around the world. Earlier this week, I released the first U.S. government Strategy on Countering Corruption, which elevates our fight against transnational corruption — a crime that drains public resources and hollows out the ability of governments to deliver for the people and just evaporates confidence that the people much need to have in their government. The strategy includes working with other partners — all of you around the world — to improve transparency, hold corrupt actors accountable, reduce their ability to use the United States and international financial systems to hide assets and to launder money. And today, I’m proud to launch the Presidential Initiative for Democratic Renewal, which will focus efforts across diplomacy — across our diplomacy and foreign assistance programs to bolster democratic resilience and human rights and — globally. Working with our Congress, we’re planning to commit as much as $224 million [$424 million] in the next year to shore up transparent and accountable governance, including supporting media freedom, fighting international corruption, standing with democratic reformers, promoting technology that advances democracy, and defining and defending what a fair election is. Let me give you a few examples of the kind of work this initiative is — will entail: a free and independent media.  It’s the bedrock of democracy.  It’s how the public stay informed and how governments are held accountable.  And around the world, press freedom is under threat. So, we’re committing critical seed money to launch a new multilateral effort — our International Fund for Public Interest Media — to sustain independent media around the world. And through the — our USAID, we’re going to be standing up a new Defamation Defense Fund for Journalists to help protect investigative journalists against nuisance lawsuits designed to prevent them from doing their work — their vital work around the world. We’re going to launch new programs to help connect anti-corrup- — anti-corruption activities across civil society, the media, academia, labor, and protect whistleblowers and help partners eliminate money laundering and safe havens. To ensure that our democracies are strengthening by the voice — are strengthened by the voice of all citizens, this Presidential Initiative includes programs to advance women and girls and civic engagement and political leadership, empowering the LGBTQL [sic] community — plus community — individuals to participate in democratic institutions, promote labor law reform, working or — and worker organizations. It includes new lines of efforts with our partners to address online harassment and abuse, and reduce the potential for countries to abuse new technologies, including surveillance technologies, to suppress the rights of their people to express their views. And we’ll stand up two — and we’re going to stand up two rapid-response, cross-cutting initiatives that support the key goals of this summit: the Fund for Democratic Renewal and the Partnership for Democ- — for Democracy program.  It’s going to allow State Department and USAID to surge funds to support our partners working on democratic frontlines around the world. My fellow leaders, members of civil society, activists, advocates, citizens: We stand at an inflection point in our history, in my view.  The choices we make, in my view, in the next — in this moment are going to fundamentally determine the direction our world is going to take in the coming decades. Will we allow the backward slide of rights and democracy to continue unchecked?  Or will we together — together — have a vision and the vision — not just “a” vision, “the” vision — and courage to once more lead the march of human progress and human freedom forward? I believe we can do that and we will if we have faith in ourselves, in our — and in our democracies, and in each other. That’s what this summit is about. I’m so looking forward to a productive session and discussions that we’ll have — we’ll have over the next two days.  I’m looking forward to the connections we’ll build to support our work moving forward. So, let’s get to work.  Thank you all so very much for your patience. 8:25 A.M. EST

白宫 华盛顿特区 即时发布 2022年7月8日   我的朋友、日本前首相安倍晋三（Abe Shinzo）在竞选活动上遭枪击遇害的噩耗令我震惊、愤怒并深感悲痛。这对于日本以及所有认识他的人都是一个悲剧。我曾有幸与安倍首相密切共事。我在担任副总统期间，曾赴东京访问过他，并在华盛顿迎接过他。他是我们两国之间的联盟以及我们两国人民之间的友谊的倡导者。他是任职时间最长的日本首相，他对一个自由、开放的印太地区的愿景将会长存。最重要的是，他深切地关怀日本人民，而且毕生奉献于为他们服务。就在他遇袭之时，他仍在从事民主事业。尽管有很多细节我们还不了解，但我们知道暴力袭击行径绝不能接受，而且枪支暴力总会给受其影响的社区留下一道深深的伤痕。在这个悲痛的时刻，美国与日本站在一起。我向他的家人致以最深切的慰唁。  欲查看原稿内容: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/07/08/statement-by-president-biden-on-the-killing-of-former-japanese-prime-minister-abe-shinzo/  本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

JULY 08, 2022•STATEMENTS AND RELEASES I am stunned, outraged, and deeply saddened by the news that my friend Abe Shinzo, former Prime Minister of Japan, was shot and killed while campaigning. This is a tragedy for Japan and for all who knew him. I had the privilege to work closely with Prime Minister Abe. As Vice President, I visited him in Tokyo and welcomed him to Washington. He was a champion of the Alliance between our nations and the friendship between our people. The longest serving Japanese Prime Minister, his vision of a free and open Indo-Pacific will endure. Above all, he cared deeply about the Japanese people and dedicated his life to their service. Even at the moment he was attacked, he was engaged in the work of democracy. While there are many details that we do not yet know, we know that violent attacks are never acceptable and that gun violence always leaves a deep scar on the communities that are affected by it. The United States stands with Japan in this moment of grief. I send my deepest condolences to his family. ###

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿特区 2023年4月18日   [摘译]   以下公报文本由加拿大、法国、德国、意大利、日本、英国和美国的七国集团（ G7）外长及欧盟高级代表（High Representative of the European Union）发布。   I.引言   我们，加拿大、法国、德国、意大利、日本、联合王国和美利坚合众国的七国集团外长以及欧盟高级代表，在世界经历对国际体系的严重威胁，其中包括俄罗斯对乌克兰的持续侵略战争之时，突显我们强有力的团结意识。我们重申致力于采取集体行动应对全球性挑战，其中包括气候变化、污染、生物多样性的丧失、卫生健康以及粮食和能源安全，并维护及加强基于法治的自由和开放的国际秩序，尊重《联合国宪章》（United Nations Charter）。我们将继续与我们的伙伴合作，促进开放、透明、有韧性及可持续的社会，这样的社会捍卫人权、正义和尊严，并满足最弱势群体的需求。我们重申促进人类安全并继续建设一个不让任何人掉队的全球社会的意愿。我们呼吁所有合作伙伴与我们一起应对这些紧迫的全球性挑战，共同建设一个更美好、更繁荣、更安全的未来。   II. 促进和平与安全   1 俄罗斯对乌克兰发动的侵略战争   我们再次以最强烈的言辞谴责俄罗斯对乌克兰的侵略战争，这严重违反了包括《联合国宪章》在内的国际法。俄罗斯必须立即且无条件地从乌克兰撤出所有部队和装备。我们今天再次承诺支持乌克兰，无论需要多长时间；并提供持续的安全、经济和机制性支持，以帮助乌克兰保卫自己，确保其自由和民主的未来，并遏阻俄罗斯今后再次入侵。   我们重申支持泽连斯基（Zelenskyy）总统根据《联合国宪章》促进全面、公正和持久和平的努力，我们支持他的和平方案（Peace Formula）中所阐明的基本原则。我们也欢迎2023年2月23日联合国大会（UN General Assembly）紧急特别会议（Emergency Special Session）在国际社会的广泛支持下通过的A/RES/ES-11/6号决议。我们将继续帮助乌克兰修复及恢复其至关重要的能源和环境基础设施，并再次强调我们对乌克兰能源安全的大力支持。乌克兰的反腐败和国内改革的努力必须继续展开，而且我们将予以支持。为此，我们重申我们对七国集团驻乌克兰大使支持小组（G7 Ambassadors Support Group in Ukraine）及其支持实施进程的作用充满信心。   俄罗斯不负责任的核言论及其威胁在白俄罗斯部署核武器都是不可接受的。俄罗斯使用化学、生物或核武器的任何行为都会带来严重后果。我们回顾自1945年以来77年不使用核武器的记录的重要意义。我们谴责俄罗斯继续对扎波罗热核电站（ Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant）实施占领和军事化，而这可能会对核安全和安保造成潜在的严重后果。我们支持国际原子能机构（ International Atomic Energy Agency）为帮助加强乌克兰的核安全和安保所做的努力，其中包括总干事对扎波罗热核电站有关努力的领导作用。   我们仍然致力于加强对俄罗斯的制裁，协调并充分执行这些制裁，其中包括通过执行协调机制（Enforcement Coordination Mechanism），并打击俄罗斯和第三方试图逃避及破坏我们的制裁措施的行径。我们再次呼吁第三方停止为俄罗斯的战争提供帮助，否则就将面临严重代价。我们将加强协调，防止及应对第三方向俄罗斯提供武器，并继续针对那些为俄罗斯对乌克兰发动的战争提供物质支持的人采取措施。根据我们各自的法律制度，我们坚决认定，俄罗斯在我们司法管辖范围内的主权资产将继续被冻结，直到有一个解决俄罗斯侵犯乌克兰主权和完整问题的冲突解决方案。任何冲突解决方案都必须确保俄罗斯为其造成的损害付出代价。   绝不能让俄罗斯对平民和重要民用基础设施的攻击行径等战争罪行和其他暴行逍遥法外。我们进一步谴责非法转移及驱逐包括儿童在内的乌克兰人，以及针对乌克兰人的与冲突有关的性暴力行径。我们重申致力于按照国际法追究那些有责任者的罪责，包括通过支持国际机制，特别是国际刑事法院（International Criminal Court）的努力。我们支持探讨在乌克兰的司法系统内建立一个国际化的法庭，以起诉侵略乌克兰的罪行。此外，我们还强调了保护和保存被侵略战争破坏及威胁的乌克兰文化财产和遗产的重要性。   俄罗斯将粮食和能源资源武器化加重了经济的脆弱性，加剧了已经很严重的人道主义危机，并使全球粮食和能源不安全状况升级。我们将继续提供援助，其中包括与粮食有关的援助，以帮助受影响的国家和人口。   2 印太地区   我们重申自由和开放的印太地区（Indo-Pacific）的重要性，这是一个包容、繁荣、安全、基于法治并保护包括主权、领土完整及和平解决争端、基本自由和人权在内的共同原则的地区。我们重申七国集团成员各自提出的举措，并欢迎我们的合作伙伴提出的加强与这个地区的接触的举措。我们强调致力于进一步加强我们在七国集团内就这个地区进行协调，并与包括东盟（ASEAN）及其成员国在内的地区伙伴合作。我们重申，我们坚定不移地支持东盟的中心地位与团结一致，并致力于按照《东盟印太地区展望》（ ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific）促进合作。我们还再次肯定我们与太平洋岛国的伙伴关系，并重申了支持其重点要务和需求的重要性，与太平洋岛国论坛（Pacific Islands Forum）的2050年蓝色太平洋大陆战略（2050 Strategy for the Blue Pacific Continent）相符，包括通过2024年的第四届小岛屿发展中国家国际会议（4th International Conference on Small Island Developing States）这样做。我们欢迎并进一步鼓励私营部门、大学和智库所做的努力，这些努力都有助于实现一个自由和开放的印太地区。   3 中国   我们认识到与中国坦诚接触并直接表达我们的关注的重要性。我们确认在应对全球挑战以及在共同关心的领域中与中国合作的必要性，其中包括气候变化、生物多样性、全球卫生安全和性别平等。我们再次呼吁中国以国际社会一名负责任成员的方式行事。我们随时准备共同努力，通过对话构建建设性的、稳定的关系，以互利的方式促进全球经济复苏和人文交流。确保透明、可预测和公平的商业环境符合包括中国在内的所有国家的利益。外国公司的合法商业活动和利益必须受到保护，不遭受不公平、反竞争和非市场行为的影响，其中包括以非法的技术转让或数据披露换取市场准入。我们鼓励中国信守其承诺，在网络空间负责任地行事，包括不为商业利益从事或支持通过网络进行的知识产权盗窃。   我们提醒中国必须维护《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，不实施威胁、胁迫、恐吓或使用武力。我们仍然严重关注东中国海和南中国海（East and South China Seas）的局势。我们强烈反对任何以武力或胁迫方式单方面改变现状的企图。中国在南中国海的扩张性海事索求没有法律依据，我们反对中国在该地区的军事化活动。我们强调《联合国海洋法公约》（United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea）的普遍性和统一性，重申《联合国海洋法公约》对制定规范所有海洋活动的法律框架的重要作用。我们重申，仲裁法庭（Arbitral Tribunal）于2016年7月12日作出的裁决是一个重要里程碑，它对这些程序的各方具有法律约束力，是和平解决各方之间争端的有益基础。   我们重申台湾海峡两岸和平与稳定的重要性，这是国际社会安全与繁荣不可或缺的因素，并呼吁和平解决海峡两岸问题。七国集团成员关于台湾的基本立场没有改变，包括所申明的一个中国政策。我们支持台湾在不需以国家为前提条件的情况下作为成员、在需以国家为前提条件的情况下作为观察员或嘉宾对国际组织进行有意义的参与，包括世界卫生大会（World Health Assembly）和世卫组织的技术性会议。国际社会应能受益于所有合作伙伴的经验。我们继续向中国提出我们对据报侵犯和践踏人权行为的关切，包括在新疆和西藏。我们重申对香港的自治权和自由继续受到侵蚀的关切，并呼吁中国按照其国际承诺和法律义务行事，包括《中英联合声明》（Sino-British Joint Declaration）和《基本法》（Basic Law）中规定的义务。   我们呼吁中国按照《维也纳外交关系公约》（Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations）和《维也纳领事关系公约》（Vienna Convention on Consular Relations）规定的义务行事。   4 朝鲜   我们强烈谴责朝鲜数量空前的非法弹道导弹发射，包括4月13日朝鲜声称的固体燃料洲际弹道导弹发射。这些发射违反了多项联合国安全理事会决议（United Nations Security Council Resolutions）。朝鲜的行动，以及关于使用核武器的日益升级和破坏稳定的言论，破坏地区稳定，并对国际和平与安全构成严重威胁。我们要求朝鲜不要采取任何其他破坏稳定或挑衅性的行动，包括任何进一步的核试验或进行使用弹道导弹技术的发射。这种行动必须得到迅速、团结一致和强有力的国际回应，包括联合国安理会采取的进一步重大措施。   我们重申，我们坚定不移地致力于实现这一目标，即：朝鲜根据联合国安理会相关决议，完全、可核查和不可逆转地放弃其核武器和现有核计划及其他任何大规模毁灭性武器和弹道导弹计划。我们敦促朝鲜全面遵守《不扩散核武器条约》（Treaty on the Non-Proliferation）和国际原子能机构的保障措施，并签署和批准《全面禁止核试验条约》（Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty）。根据《不扩散核武器条约》，朝鲜不能也将永远不会具有核武器国家地位。我们呼吁朝鲜接受反复提出的对话建议，包括来自日本、美国和大韩民国的建议。   至关重要的是，只要朝鲜的大规模毁灭性武器和弹道导弹计划继续存在，所有国家就要完全和严格地实施制裁并始终保持制裁。我们呼吁加强国际协调，打击朝鲜的恶意网络活动。   我们仍然对朝鲜日益严重的人道危机深感关切，加重这一危机的是朝鲜选择将其非法的大规模毁灭性武器和弹道导弹计划置于朝鲜人民的福祉之上。我们谴责朝鲜蓄意侵犯人权，敦促朝鲜尊重人权，为国际人道主义组织提供便利渠道，并立即解决绑架问题。   * * * *   (完)

MEDIA NOTE OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON APRIL 18, 2023   The text of the following communiqué was released by the G7 foreign ministers of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America and the High Representative of the European Union. I. INTRODUCTION We, the G7 Foreign Ministers of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom (U.K.) and the United States of America (U.S.), and the High Representative of the European Union, underline our strong sense of unity as the world navigates grave threats to the international system, including Russia’s continued war of aggression against Ukraine. We reaffirm our commitment to collective action to address global challenges, including climate change, pollution, loss of biodiversity, health, and food and energy security, and to uphold and reinforce the free and open international order based on the rule of law, respecting the United Nations (UN) Charter. We will continue to work with our partners to promote open, transparent, resilient, and sustainable societies that champion human rights, justice, and dignity, and address the needs of the most vulnerable. We reaffirm our intention to promote human security and continue building a global community that leaves no one behind. We call on all partners to join us in addressing these pressing global challenges and to work together to build a better, more prosperous, and more secure future. II. PROMOTING PEACE AND SECURITY 1 Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine We once again condemn in the strongest possible terms Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, which constitutes a serious violation of international law, including the UN Charter. Russia must withdraw all forces and equipment from Ukraine immediately and unconditionally. We recommit today to supporting Ukraine for as long as it takes and to providing sustained security, economic, and institutional support to help Ukraine defend itself, secure its free and democratic future, and deter future Russian aggression. We reiterate our support for President Zelenskyy’s efforts to promote a comprehensive, just and lasting peace, in line with the UN Charter, and we support the basic principles outlined in his Peace Formula. We also welcome the resolution A/RES/ES-11/6, which was adopted on February 23, 2023, with the broad support of the international community at the Emergency Special Session of the UN General Assembly (UNGA). We will continue to help Ukraine repair and restore its critical energy and environmental infrastructure and reemphasize our strong support for Ukraine’s energy security. Ukraine’s anti-corruption and domestic reform efforts must continue, and we will support them. In this regard, we reiterate our full confidence in the G7 Ambassadors Support Group in Ukraine and its role of supporting the implementation process. Russia’s irresponsible nuclear rhetoric and its threat to deploy nuclear weapons in Belarus are unacceptable. Any use of chemical, biological or nuclear weapons by Russia would be met with severe consequences. We recall the importance of the 77-year record of non-use of nuclear weapons since 1945. We condemn Russia’s continued seizure and militarization of Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP), which could lead to potentially severe consequences for nuclear safety and security. We support the International Atomic Energy Agency’s (IAEA) efforts to help strengthen nuclear safety and security in Ukraine, including the Director General’s leadership on efforts at the ZNPP. We remain committed to intensifying sanctions against Russia, coordinating and fully enforcing them, including through the Enforcement Coordination Mechanism, and countering Russia’s and third parties’ attempts to evade and undermine our sanctions measures. We reiterate our call on third parties to cease assistance to Russia’s war, or face severe costs. We will reinforce our coordination to prevent and respond to third parties supplying weapons to Russia and continue to take actions against those who materially support Russia’s war against Ukraine. We are determined, consistent with our respective legal systems, that Russia’s sovereign assets in our jurisdictions will remain immobilized until there is a resolution of the conflict that addresses Russia’s violation of Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. Any resolution to the conflict must ensure Russia pays for the damage it has caused. There can be no impunity for war crimes and other atrocities such as Russia’s attacks against civilians and critical civilian infrastructure. We further condemn the unlawful transfer and deportation of Ukrainians, including children, and conflict-related sexual violence against Ukrainians. We reiterate our commitment to holding those responsible to account consistent with international law, including by supporting the efforts of international mechanisms, in particular the International Criminal Court. We support exploring the creation of an internationalized tribunal based in Ukraine’s judicial system to prosecute the crime of aggression against Ukraine. In addition, we underscore the importance of the protection and preservation of Ukrainian cultural properties and heritage damaged and threatened by the war of aggression. Russia’s weaponization of food and energy resources has compounded economic vulnerabilities, exacerbated already dire humanitarian crises, and escalated global food and energy insecurity. We will continue to provide assistance, including food-related aid, to help affected countries and populations. 2 Indo-Pacific We reiterate the importance of a free and open Indo-Pacific, which is inclusive, prosperous, secure, based on the rule of law, and that protects shared principles including sovereignty, territorial integrity and peaceful resolution of disputes, fundamental freedoms and human rights. We reaffirm individual initiatives of the G7 members and welcome those of our partners to enhance their engagement with the region. We underscore our commitment to further strengthening our coordination among the G7 on the region, to working with regional partners, including ASEAN and its member states. We reaffirm our unwavering support for ASEAN centrality and unity and our commitment to promoting cooperation in line with the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific. We also reaffirm our partnership with Pacific Island countries and reiterate the importance of supporting their priorities and needs, in accordance with the Pacific Islands Forum’s 2050 Strategy for the Blue Pacific Continent, including through the 4th International Conference on Small Island Developing States (SIDS) in 2024. We welcome and further encourage efforts made by the private sector, universities and think tanks, which contribute to realizing a free and open Indo-Pacific. 3 China We recognize the importance of engaging candidly with and expressing our concerns directly to China. We acknowledge the need to work together with China on global challenges as well as areas of common interest, including on climate change, biodiversity, global health security, and gender equality. We reiterate our call for China to act as a responsible member of the international community. We stand prepared to work together to build constructive and stable relations through dialogue and to promote global economic recovery and people-to-people exchanges in a mutually beneficial way. It is in the interest of all countries, including China, to ensure transparent, predictable, and fair business environments. Legitimate business activities and interests of foreign companies must be protected from unfair, anti-competitive, and non-market practices, including through illegitimate technology transfer or data disclosure in exchange for market access. We encourage China to uphold its commitments to act responsibly in cyberspace, including refraining from conducting or supporting cyber-enabled intellectual property theft for commercial gain. We remind China of the need to uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and abstain from threats, coercion, intimidation, or the use of force. We remain seriously concerned about the situation in the East and South China Seas. We strongly oppose any unilateral attempts to change the status quo by force or coercion. There is no legal basis for China’s expansive maritime claims in the South China Sea, and we oppose China’s militarization activities in the region. We emphasize the universal and unified character of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and reaffirm UNCLOS’ important role in setting out the legal framework that governs all activities in the oceans and the seas. We reiterate that the award rendered by the Arbitral Tribunal on July 12, 2016, is a significant milestone, which is legally binding upon the parties to those proceeding, and a useful basis for peacefully resolving disputes between the parties. We reaffirm the importance of peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait as an indispensable element in security and prosperity in the international community, and call for the peaceful resolution of cross-Strait issues. There is no change in the basic positions of the G7 members on Taiwan, including stated one China policies. We support Taiwan’s meaningful participation in international organizations, including in the World Health Assembly and WHO technical meetings, as a member where statehood is not a prerequisite and as an observer or guest where it is. The international community should be able to benefit from the experience of all partners. We continue to raise our concerns with China on reported human rights violations and abuses, including in Xinjiang and Tibet. We reiterate our concerns over the continued erosion of Hong Kong’s autonomy rights and freedoms, and call on China to act in accordance with its international commitments and legal obligations, including those enshrined in the Sino-British Joint Declaration and the Basic Law. We call on China to act in accordance with its obligations under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations and the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. 4 North Korea We strongly condemn North Korea’s unprecedented number of unlawful ballistic missile launches, including the April 13 launch of what North Korea claimed as a solid-fuel Intercontinental Ballistic Missile. Each of these launches violated multiple United Nations Security Council Resolutions (UNSCRs). North Korea’s actions, together with increasingly escalatory and destabilizing rhetoric regarding the use of nuclear weapons, undermine regional stability and pose a grave threat to international peace and security. We demand North Korea refrain from any other destabilizing or provocative actions, including any further nuclear tests or launches that use ballistic missile technology. Such actions must be met with a swift, united, and robust international response, including further significant measures to be taken by the UN Security Council (UNSC). We reiterate our unwavering commitment to the goal of North Korea’s complete, verifiable, and irreversible abandonment of its nuclear weapons and existing nuclear programs, and any other weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and ballistic missile programs in accordance with relevant UNSCRs. We urge North Korea to fully comply with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and IAEA safeguards, and to sign and ratify the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). North Korea cannot and will never have the status of a nuclear-weapon State under the NPT. We call on North Korea to accept repeated offers of dialogue, including from Japan, the U.S., and the Republic of Korea. It is critical that sanctions be fully and scrupulously implemented by all states and remain in place for as long as North Korea’s WMD and ballistic missile programs exist. We call for greater international coordination to counter North Korea’s malicious cyber activities. We remain deeply concerned about the growing humanitarian crisis in North Korea, which is driven by North Korea’s choice to prioritize its unlawful weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missile programs over the welfare of the people in North Korea. We deplore North Korea’s systematic human rights violations and urge North Korea to respect human rights, facilitate access for international humanitarian organizations, and resolve the abductions issue immediately. 5 Myanmar We continue to strongly condemn the military coup in Myanmar, remain deeply concerned about the deteriorating security, humanitarian, human rights, and political situation, and express our solidarity with its people. We strongly condemn the April 11 airstrike by the Myanmar military in Kanbalu Township in Sagaing Region that killed a large number of civilians, including children. We call on the Myanmar military to immediately cease all violence, release all political prisoners and those arbitrarily detained, and return the country to a genuinely democratic path. We condemn further exclusion of forty Myanmar political parties, including the National League for Democracy, from the political process by the Myanmar military. The Myanmar military should create an environment for inclusive and peaceful dialogue, which includes all relevant stakeholders in the country. We also call for safe and unimpeded humanitarian access to all people, especially the most vulnerable. We continue to support ASEAN’s efforts to implement the Five-Point Consensus, including through the ASEAN Chair and ASEAN Special Envoy to Myanmar. We also reaffirm support for the UN Special Envoy of the UN Secretary-General (UNSG) on Myanmar and welcome UNSCR 2669 on the situation in Myanmar, which calls for the immediate cessation of violence, the respect for human rights and fundamental freedom, and the protection of civilians. We reiterate our call on all states to prevent the flow of arms into Myanmar. We stress the need to create conditions for the voluntary, safe, dignified, and sustainable return of all displaced persons, including Rohingya refugees. 6 Afghanistan We note with grave concern increased threats to stability in Afghanistan and the deteriorating humanitarian and economic situation. We express our strongest opposition to the Taliban’s increasing restrictions on human rights and fundamental freedoms. In particular, we condemn the Taliban’s systematic abuses of human rights of women and girls and discrimination against the members of religious and ethnic minorities. All Afghans must enjoy full, equal, and meaningful participation in all spheres of public life, access to life saving humanitarian aid and basic services, including education, and freedom of movement and freedom of expression. These are prerequisites for peace, stability, and prosperity in Afghanistan. Unimpeded access of aid workers is essential for the effective delivery of assistance. We call for the immediate reversal of unacceptable decisions restricting human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the latest bans prohibiting Afghan women from working for NGOs and the UN. We remain concerned about the persistent lack of political inclusivity and representative governance. We urge the Taliban to take significant steps to engage in credible and inclusive national dialogue, in which all Afghans, regardless of gender, ethnicity, or religious and political belief, can have a voice. We recognize the need for conveying unified messages to the Taliban in coordination with regional countries and other international partners. We underscore the Taliban’s responsibility to ensure respect for human rights and a dignified life of all Afghans, the country’s stability and recovery, as well as to prevent Afghanistan from becoming a safe haven for terrorism. We are united in condemning the recurring terrorist attacks, including those that target specific ethnic and religious groups. We support the mandate of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General (SRSG), the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA), and the Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in Afghanistan to work towards achieving peace and stability. 7 Iran We reiterate our clear determination that Iran must never develop a nuclear weapon, and urge Iran to cease nuclear escalations. We call on Iran to fulfill its legal obligations and political commitments regarding nuclear non-proliferation without further delay. We remain deeply concerned about Iran’s unabated escalation of its nuclear program, which has no credible civilian justification and brings it dangerously close to actual weapon-related activities. We recall recent sampling by the IAEA which found particles of uranium highly enriched to 83.7 percent. A diplomatic solution remains our preferred way to resolve international concerns regarding Iran’s nuclear program. In that context, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action continues to provide a useful reference. We take note of Iran’s stated readiness to provide the IAEA with further information and access to address the outstanding safeguards issues, and its agreement to allow the IAEA to implement further appropriate verification and monitoring activities. We call on Iran to uphold its safeguards obligations and stated commitments with prompt and concrete action. We express our grave concern regarding Iran’s continued destabilizing activities, including the transfer of missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and related technologies to state and non-state actors and proxy groups in breach of UNSCRs including 2231 and 2216. Iran must stop supporting the Russian military in its war of aggression. In particular, we call upon Iran to cease transferring armed UAVs, which have been used in Ukraine. Indiscriminate attacks against civilians and critical civilian infrastructure constitute war crimes. We reiterate our conviction that the transfer of ballistic missiles would represent a major escalation. We welcome initiatives to improve bilateral relations among countries and de-escalate tensions in the region, including Iran and Saudi Arabia’s recent agreement to restore ties. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of ensuring maritime security in the Middle East’s waterways, including through the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab al Mandab, and call on Iran not to interfere with the lawful exercise of navigational rights and freedoms by all vessels. We reiterate our profound concern over Iran’s systemic human rights violations and abuses, especially with Iran’s efforts to oppress peaceful dissent through threats and intimidation. We condemn the targeting of individuals, including women, girls, minority groups, as well as journalists, in and outside of Iran. We call on Iran to take concrete action to address these issues. We strongly reject Iran’s targeting of dual and foreign citizens, and call on Iran’s leadership to end all unjust and arbitrary detentions. 8 Cooperation for peace and stability in the Middle East and North Africa De-escalation, stability, and regional prosperity are key priorities. We call on Israelis and Palestinians to take steps to build trust toward the realization of a two-state solution, which envisions Israel and a viable Palestinian State living side by side in peace and security and mutual recognition. All parties must refrain from unilateral actions that undermine the prospects for a two-state solution, including settlement activities and incitement to violence. We strongly condemn all forms of violence against civilians, including terrorism. We reiterate our support for the historic status quo in Jerusalem and Jordan’s special role in this regard. We welcome the recent meetings in Aqaba, Jordan, and Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, between Jordan, Egypt, the U.S., Israel, and the Palestinian Authority aimed at de-escalating tensions, and hope the commitments in the resulting Joint Communiques will be fulfilled in good faith. We will continue assisting the Palestinians to enhance their economic self-reliance. We call for the international community’s broad and sustained support for the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East. Regarding Yemen, we reiterate our support to the Special Envoy of the UNSG and call on all parties, especially the Houthis, to secure a durable ceasefire and work towards a comprehensive, durable, and inclusive Yemeni-led political process. We also call on the Houthis to lift any impediments to the delivery of humanitarian assistance, especially with regard to women and girls. We express our appreciation for the concerted efforts by the Government of Yemen and other countries in the region, including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and the Sultanate of Oman. We call on all relevant parties and the international community to support the implementation of the UN-led plan to salvage the FSO Safer, including swiftly filling the remaining funding gap. In order to achieve stability and promote unity in Libya, we support the SRSG’s proposal to identify a pathway towards reaching political consensus and holding free, fair, and inclusive presidential and parliamentary elections by the end of 2023. We urge all actors to preserve stability on the ground and to commit to working constructively on the political process. We encourage and support the Tunisian government to quickly implement its own economic reform program to address the country’s economic situation and reach an agreement with the IMF. In Syria, we remain firmly committed to an inclusive, UN-facilitated political process consistent with UNSCR 2254. We underscore the need for the international community to continue supporting the UN Special Envoy. We reiterate that the international community can only consider reconstruction assistance after there is authentic and enduring progress towards political solution in line with UNSCR 2254. We condemn the ongoing atrocities against the Syrian people. We are firmly committed to accountability for those responsible for the use of chemical weapons and violations of international law, including international humanitarian law and international human rights law, as applicable. We continue to urge the Syrian regime to comply with its obligations under UNSCR 2118. We also confirm our continued commitment to supporting the Syrian people through all necessary means, including early recovery assistance as appropriate. We call for full and unhindered humanitarian access to all Syrians in need, particularly through UN cross-border aid for which there is no alternative in scope or scale. We stand in solidarity with the peoples of Türkiye and Syria affected by the horrifying February earthquakes and plan to continue our support in tackling the consequences of this catastrophe. It is also vital that humanitarian aid reaches all those who require it, safely and unhindered, as efficiently as possible. 9 Working together with Central Asian countries We affirm our intent to support the sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity of Central Asian countries. We commit to working together with Central Asian countries to address regional challenges, including the consequences of Russia’s war of aggression, the destabilizing effect of the situation in Afghanistan, food and energy insecurity, terrorism, and the consequences of climate change. We are determined to foster sustainable connectivity, transportation, and trade and energy links to enhance regional prosperity. Furthermore, we remain committed to strengthening our cooperation with Central Asian countries on socio-economic development, women’s economic empowerment, human rights, gender equality, domestic and institutional reforms, and regional security. We welcome the intensification of regional cooperation of Central Asian countries in the abovementioned fields and remain committed to support such cooperation. 10 G7-Africa Partnership We are deepening our partnerships with African countries and regional organizations, including the African Union (AU). We support African calls for stronger representation in international fora. We reiterate our strong commitment to supporting governments in the region to tackle the underlying conditions conducive to the spread of terrorism, violent extremism, and instability across Africa. We are seriously concerned about the growing presence of the Russia-affiliated Wagner Group forces on the continent, and their destabilizing impact and human rights abuses. We urge all actors to respect international human rights law and international humanitarian law and reiterate our call for accountability of all those responsible. We also call for safe, unimpeded access for humanitarian actors to reach those in need. In the Sahel, we commend the efforts by the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali for helping protect the lives of civilians, in the context of political and security constraints on the mission. We take note of the UNSG’s strategic review and the parameters set to allow for the pursuit of the mission. We are also seriously concerned about the spread of terrorist threats and activities towards coastal countries in West Africa. Acknowledging the need to improve government responsiveness to citizens’ needs and the importance of free and fair elections, we call for comprehensive implementation of the transition charters in countries on the path to constitutional order. There is an urgent need to reinforce peace and security in the Horn of Africa, meet serious humanitarian needs, and build resilience in the region. We welcome the positive developments stemming from the cessation of hostilities agreement between the Government of Ethiopia and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front, commend the AU for its mediation, and urge progress on transitional justice and accountability. We call on both parties to remain committed to fully implementing the agreement, including unhindered access for international human rights monitors. We also call for international support for the Somali President’s reform priorities and the fight against al-Shabaab. We strongly condemn the ongoing fighting between the Sudan Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces, which threatens the security and safety of Sudanese civilians and undermines efforts to restore Sudan’s democratic transition. We urge the parties to end hostilities immediately without pre-conditions. We call on all actors to renounce violence, return to negotiations, and take active steps to reduce tensions and ensure the safety of all civilians, including diplomatic and humanitarian personnel. We reaffirm our commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). We condemn the advance of the UN-sanctioned March 23 Movement (M23) armed group, exacerbating an extreme humanitarian situation. We urge M23 to end any further advances and to withdraw from all territories it controls. All armed groups must immediately cease all violent acts and disarm. We demand the immediate and full implementation of the cessation of hostilities agreed on March 3. We welcome regional stabilization efforts, including East African Community-led Nairobi process and heads of state dialogue mediated by Angola, and underscore the critical role of the UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the DRC in protecting civilians and supporting the DRC government’s peace consolidation efforts. 11 Cooperation with Latin American and Caribbean Partners We highlight the importance of enhancing cooperation with countries in Latin America and the Caribbean to uphold shared interests as well as values. We are committed to working together to address economic challenges, natural disasters and climate change, strengthen the rule of law, enhance socio-economic resilience, promote trade and investments, and address global issues. We are concerned about the economic, political, and humanitarian situation in Venezuela that is driving forced displacement, leading to the unprecedented migration flows in the region and overstretching the hosting countries’ capacities. We call for humanitarian access to address the urgent needs of those affected by the multilayered crisis. The way forward lies in Venezuelan-led negotiations leading to free and fair presidential and parliamentary elections for the benefit of the Venezuelan people. We reiterate our commitment to supporting, together with other actors of the international community, all efforts to strengthen public institutions and resolve the worsening security and humanitarian situation in Haiti. We condemn the violence and criminal activities perpetrated by armed gangs and those who support them, and we welcome UNSCR 2653 establishing a sanctions regime for Haiti. We support the role of the UN Integrated Office in Haiti and call on all stakeholders to overcome differences and achieve progress in the dialogues on the basis of the political accord of 2022, the “National Consensus for an Inclusive Transition and Transparent Elections”. We reiterate the importance of restoring stability in Haiti and establishing the conditions necessary to allow for free and fair elections, as well as facilitating the unhindered provision of humanitarian support to the Haitian people. We note with concern the elevated humanitarian and security needs in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. These countries suffer from large-scale displacements, rising food prices, and insecurity challenges. We encourage existing and new efforts by donors, including private actors, to meet the urgent needs outlined in the respective 2023 UN Humanitarian Response Plans. We follow very carefully the situation in Nicaragua, where human rights violations and abuses continue. We condemn the decision of Nicaragua to arbitrarily revoke the nationality of over 300 Nicaraguan citizens. We call on Nicaragua to end the widespread repression of civil society, private sector and political actors, release all political prisoners, respect its international obligations, and provide remedies for violations and abuses. III. ADDRESSING GLOBAL CHALLENGES 12 Free and open international order We are determined to strengthen the free and open international order based on the rule of law, respect for the UN Charter, the sovereignty, and territorial integrity of all states, and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. Countries, large and small, benefit from these principles. We are determined to uphold and protect them, and we stand ready to work with all willing partners in this endeavor. The prohibition of threats or the use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, in accordance with the provisions of the UN Charter, constitutes the cornerstone of the post-war international system. Yet, territorial ambition is again driving some states to return to rule by force, so we have redoubled our efforts to uphold peace guided by the rule of law. The prohibition on the acquisition of territory resulting from the threat or use of force, reaffirmed in the Friendly Relations Declaration of 1970, should be observed in good faith. We strongly oppose any unilateral attempts to change the peacefully established status of territories by force or coercion anywhere in the world. In this regard, sending regular or irregular forces to unilaterally annex a territory is prohibited. We emphasize that free and fair trade is key to resilient and sustainable development for all, particularly the most vulnerable. We recognize that free and equitable public access to scientific knowledge is integral to solving global challenges. We also recognize the importance of enhancing international action to detect, deter, and end illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, including through support to developing countries. We reconfirm the need to accelerate cooperation with our partners to prevent and counter terrorism and violent extremism, including terrorist financing and misuse of cyberspace for terrorist purposes. We reiterate the importance of combating transnational organized crime, including crimes related to drug trafficking, small arms and light weapons trafficking, human trafficking, and child abuse, both online and offline. We recognize the significant public health and security challenges posed by synthetic drugs. We will enhance efforts to stop the illicit manufacture and trafficking of these substances and to address the public health consequences of substance use. We remain committed to safe, orderly, and regular migration around the world and will continue to engage in preventing and countering migrant smuggling and trafficking in persons. Our approach will continue to be human rights oriented, survivor-centered, and gender-responsive, and will focus on identifying and protecting those most at-risk, as well as prosecuting the perpetrators. We are committed to working together to strengthen cross-border law enforcement efforts and pursue accountability for corruption. We commit to ensure strong and effective implementation of our existing obligations and commitments to counter corruption, including efforts to fight against foreign bribery, and work to advance our common anti-corruption priorities. 13 Global governance We reiterate the importance of multilateralism and international cooperation in promoting peace, stability, and prosperity. We express our support for the vision of the UNSG’s Our Common Agenda. We believe the UN should be strengthened to address the changing international environment and challenges to collective security. In this regard, we highlight the voices of the overwhelming majority of Member States in the UNGA, who have sent a clear signal of condemnation of Russia’s war of aggression, despite Russia blocking decisions in the UNSC. We welcome the commitment of France, the U.K., and the U.S. to voluntarily refrain from use of the veto in the UNSC except in rare and extraordinary circumstances, and hope that the remaining permanent members will join them. We recall in this context the ACT code of conduct and the French-Mexican Initiative on suspension of the veto in case of mass atrocities. We are committed to working with all UN Member States to strengthen the roles of the UNSG as well as the UNGA. We also recommit to the reform of the UNSC. Underscoring the shared responsibilities of the world’s major economies to bridge the SDGs financing gap, we strive to implement the 2030 Agenda and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and recognize the need for accelerated action to meet them by 2030. We are committed to contributing to the success of the 2023 SDG Summit, the UN Food Systems Summit Stocktaking Moment, and the 2024 Summit of the Future. We reaffirm our efforts to enhance support for vulnerable populations, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where projections suggest extreme poverty will become increasingly concentrated, including by promoting the concept of human security in the new era. We welcome the Chair’s Summary of the G7 Senior Development Officials meeting as published on March 20, 2023, which stresses the critical centrality of sustainable development efforts in all G7 work and acknowledges the ongoing revision of Japan’s Development Cooperation Charter. We welcome the “Summit for a New Global Financing Pact” to be held in Paris in June, aiming at catalyzing and complementing ongoing efforts to realize the 2030 Agenda overall. We reaffirm the need for strengthened international financial institutions and underscore the role of multilateral developments banks (MDBs) in the SDGs achievement, including in crisis affected contexts. We support the ongoing efforts for MDBs reform, including the World Bank Group evolution roadmap. We also reaffirm our support for the G20 and will support our Leaders in working towards a successful outcome at the New Delhi Summit in September 2023. 14 Peacebuilding and peacekeeping We renew our commitment to strengthening peacebuilding efforts to address increasingly complex and interconnected security challenges. We must build resilient societies, protect human rights, support good governance, and invest in people to achieve sustainable peace. We condemn sexual and gender-based violence, especially when related to conflict. We highly value the role of the UN and support an integrated approach to peacebuilding and peacekeeping. We support the Peacebuilding Commission in its role as a convener of relevant stakeholders and an advisory body to other UN organs. We reaffirm that the UN peacekeeping operations and special political missions are valuable tools to prevent escalation and the recurrence of conflicts and to protect civilians where mandated to do so. We further reaffirm our commitment to and support for the UNSG’s “Action for Peacekeeping” and “Action for Peacekeeping Plus” to reform and strengthen such operations. We will enhance capabilities and ensure the safety and security of those deployed, for example through the UN Triangular Partnership Programme. We also underscore the importance of strengthening the global implementation of the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda. We reiterate our commitment to contributing to the discussion in the UN on a “New Agenda for Peace.” 15 Disarmament and non-proliferation We are committed to maintaining and strengthening disarmament and non-proliferation efforts for a more secure, stable, and safer world and endorse the Statement of the G7 Non-Proliferation Directors’ Group of April 17, 2023. Cognizant of the G7 Leaders meeting to be held in Hiroshima, which together with Nagasaki offers a reminder of the unprecedented devastation and immense human suffering the people of Hiroshima and Nagasaki experienced as a result of the atomic bombings of 1945, we reaffirm our commitment to the ultimate goal of a world without nuclear weapons with undiminished security for all, achieved through a realistic, pragmatic, and responsible approach. In this regard, Japan’s “Hiroshima Action Plan” is a welcome contribution embodying a pragmatic approach given the current harsh security environment. We underscore the importance of disarmament and non-proliferation education, while encouraging other leaders, youth, and others to also visit Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The overall decline in global nuclear arsenals must continue and not be reversed. The NPT is the cornerstone of the global nuclear non-proliferation regime and the foundation for the pursuit of nuclear disarmament and peaceful uses of nuclear energy. We call for the immediate commencement of long-overdue negotiations of a treaty banning the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices (FMCT) while urging all states that have not yet done so to declare and maintain voluntary moratoria on the production of such material. We underline the urgent need to bring the CTBT into force. We express our concern over Russia’s announcement of its readiness to conduct a nuclear test, and we call for Russia’s adherence to its moratorium on nuclear tests. The G7 is committed to working with all states to further identify and implement measures to minimize risks of nuclear weapons use and to strengthen arms control. We recall the Joint Statement of the Leaders of the Five Nuclear-Weapon States issued on January 3, 2022 on Preventing Nuclear War and Avoiding Arms Races, and reaffirm that a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought. We call on Russia to recommit – in words and deeds – to the principles enshrined in that Statement. We welcome the transparency of G7 nuclear-weapon States in providing data on their nuclear forces and the objective size of their nuclear arsenals. We call on others that have not yet done so to follow suit. We deeply regret Russia’s decision to suspend the New START Treaty, and call on Russia to return to its full implementation and U.S.-Russia dialogue on reducing nuclear risks. We are also concerned about China’s ongoing and accelerating expansion of its nuclear arsenal, and development of increasingly sophisticated delivery systems, without transparency, good faith arms control or risk reductions measures. The G7 urges China to engage promptly in strategic risk reduction discussions with the U.S. and to promote stability through greater transparency of China’s nuclear weapon policies, plans, and capabilities. Our security policies are based on the understanding that nuclear weapons, for as long as they exist, should serve defensive purposes, deter aggression, and prevent war and coercion. Those G7 countries which opt for nuclear power, or related peaceful nuclear applications, recognize that the use of nuclear energy, science, and technology contributes to providing affordable low-carbon energy, while adhering to the highest standards of nuclear safety, security, and non-proliferation. We recognize the essential role of the IAEA in assisting Member States to build human and institutional capacities in support of these standards. We underscore the importance of increasing the transparency of the management of civil plutonium. We call on all states that committed to reporting annually their holdings of all plutonium in peaceful nuclear activities to the IAEA to fulfill those commitments. We also support the universal adoption of key safeguards agreements, including Comprehensive Safeguards Agreements, IAEA Additional Protocols and, where applicable, revised Small Quantities Protocol. We recall the G7 Leaders’ commitment to evaluate measures to reduce reliance on civil nuclear-related goods from Russia and to assist countries seeking to diversify their supplies. We underscore that export controls remain a key instrument in maintaining international security and stability, and that all States have the legal obligation to take and enforce effective measures to establish domestic controls to prevent the proliferation of WMD and their means of delivery under UNSCR 1540. Multilateral export control regimes have a central role in this regard. We continue to coordinate among the G7 and work with other states in strengthening effective and responsible export controls on materials, technology, and research that could be used for military purposes. We reiterate our commitment to review the material and technology that we control, including by coordinating our respective efforts and supporting work to update multilateral export control regime lists to keep pace with rapid technological developments. We reaffirm our determination to work together with our partners to counter the threat of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. We reiterate our commitment to ensure that the G7-led 31-member Global Partnership Against the Spread of Weapons and Materials of Mass Destruction retains its leadership role in addressing threats posed by weapons and materials of mass destruction. 16 Economic resilience and economic security We express our concern that threats to economic security are increasing and emphasize the urgent need to enhance our coordination and cooperation within and beyond the G7. We express our continued commitment to strengthening economic security, especially for the most vulnerable countries. We emphasize the importance of honoring international norms and obligations to safeguard global economic security and resilience, and reaffirm our commitment to building global economic resilience and responding to harmful practices that undermine the rules-based multilateral trading system with the WTO at its core. We share the view that resilient supply chains should be built in a transparent, diversified, secure, sustainable, trustworthy and reliable manner. We remain committed to increasing our vigilance and enhancing our cooperation to counter threats that are meant to undermine not only our interests but also global security and stability, including economic coercion. We stress the importance of equipping ourselves with necessary means to counter economic coercion and working together with like-minded partners, including partners with emerging or developing economies, to improve our assessment, preparedness, deterrence, and response to such threats, based on robust diplomatic coordination. We also emphasize the urgent need to take measures against illegitimate or forced state-led acquisition of critical technologies and intellectual property, especially when this constitutes a risk to the security of target countries. Critical and emerging technologies will have a transformative effect on the way societies function, and their unexpected, malicious, untrustworthy, or improper use has the potential to disrupt national and individual security. We reiterate that the design, development, governance, export, and use of such technologies should be guided by shared democratic values. We also welcome the G7 Roma-Lyon Group’s efforts to bridge discussions on economic security and on counter-terrorism and anti-crime efforts to foster coordination and collaboration with private companies and other non-governmental partners, and to enhance the law enforcement responses, including preventive measures. 17 Development finance and infrastructure We reaffirm our commitment to narrowing the infrastructure investment gap by delivering financing and other support for sustainable, resilient, inclusive, and quality infrastructure. We will work together to operationalize the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGII), including through country-led partnerships and investments in enabling environments for sustainable infrastructure development. We aim to focus investments on areas that drive equitable growth and resilience, including climate and energy, connectivity including ICT and transport, food security, health, and gender. As the SDGs are reaching their halfway point in 2023, we need to strengthen the efforts to revitalize international cooperation to achieve SDGs in a comprehensive manner, and we are concerned about the increasing debt burdens in many developing countries and crowding out investments in transitioning to greener, more resilient, and inclusive economies, highlighting the importance of fair and open lending practices. We aim to enhance creditor coordination for debt restructuring and to improve the implementation of our existing frameworks through relevant capacity development. We are determined to promote transparent and fair development finance practices and will work together to address the implementation gap of existing principles such as debt transparency and sustainability, internationally coordinated debt treatments and the respect of the comparability of treatment, fair appraisal, selection and lending practice, and quality infrastructure investment. In this regard, we call on all actors to adhere to internationally recognized rules, standards, and principles, including the G20 Principles for Quality Infrastructure Investment and the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions. We commit to deepening discussions and fostering cooperation among like-minded partners. 18 Outer space and cybersecurity Given that our societies are increasingly reliant on space systems, we are committed to promoting the maintenance of a peaceful, safe, secure, and sustainable space environment and call on all states to work together for future generations. We reiterate the importance of addressing the issues of space debris, which is growing exponentially. We strongly support the implementation of international guidelines adopted at COPUOS and welcome national efforts to develop further solutions for space debris mitigation and remediation. Supporting UNGA resolution 77/41, we commit not to conduct destructive direct-ascent anti-satellite missile testing and encourage others to follow suit. We remain deeply concerned about increasing threats to space systems. We strongly support the UN Open Ended Working Group on “Reducing space threats through norms, rules and principles of responsible behaviors.” It is also important to jointly improve capabilities of Space Situational Awareness to avoid unintentional collision and better share such data. We support an open, interoperable, reliable, and secure cyberspace. We are concerned about growing cyberspace threats and remain committed to countering challenges and promoting the rule of law in cyberspace. We encourage all states to deepen the substantive discussion on how existing international law, including the UN Charter, applies to cyberspace. We are determined to implement regional and global confidence building measures, promote internationally established, voluntary, and non-legally binding norms of responsible state behavior in cyberspace, and enhance capacity building efforts. We are steadfast in disseminating existing international cooperation frameworks for investigation and prosecution and contributing to ongoing efforts to combat cybercrime. 19 Countering foreign interference including disinformation We remain concerned by the increasing threats to our nations, economies and societies posed by foreign interference activities including disinformation, which aim to disrupt our democratic processes, destabilize our societies, endanger our people, and undermine our institutions and shared values. We are committed to promoting a free and open information environment without foreign information manipulation. We reaffirm our commitment to strengthening the G7 Rapid Response Mechanism (RRM) as part of our efforts to collectively safeguard against foreign threats to democracy, including foreign information threats, alongside other international efforts. We strongly condemn the widespread use of information manipulation and disinformation by Russia in order to gain support for its aggression against Ukraine. Access to, quality, and trustworthy information is key to combating information manipulation and disinformation, and we will redouble our efforts in this regard, including through supporting relevant international initiatives, such as the Partnership for Information and Democracy, and efforts by the UN, OECD, or elsewhere. We also commit to encouraging digital companies to bolster their platforms against any misuse for manipulation, while promoting a free, open, and secure Internet. 20 Energy security, climate change and environmental degradation We recognize that achieving energy security and simultaneously accelerating the transformation towards net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 and halting and reversing biodiversity loss by 2030 is an urgent task. To that end, we reaffirm our determination to reduce energy consumption, promote energy efficiency, and fast-track clean, safe, and sustainable energy development and deployment, while reducing our dependency on fossil fuels, in order to speed the decarbonization of global energy systems. We reaffirm our determination to strengthen global energy governance and to ensure liquidity of energy markets through ways such as increased usage of clean energy, in order to prevent any country from leveraging energy exports as a tool of geopolitical coercion. We will work to strengthen secure, resilient, sustainable, responsible, transparent, and diverse critical minerals supply chains essential for net zero economies and clean technologies, and diversify wider clean energy supply chains to support the global energy transition. Recalling our commitment to the goal of achieving fully or predominantly decarbonized power sectors by 2035, we remain committed to working to ensure access to affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy for all. We will foster international cooperation to accelerate clean and sustainable energy transitions to keep a temperature limit of 1.5°C within reach. We stress the importance of objective data and analysis as well as dialogue among stakeholders with a view to stabilizing energy markets. Concerning the accelerating impacts of the triple global crisis of climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution, and in light of the findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we reaffirm our unwavering commitment to strengthening the implementation of the Paris Agreement and Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) in this critical decade, and will work towards a successful United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change COP28. We welcome the conclusion of the negotiations for an international and legally binding instrument under the UNCLOS on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ). We call on all actors to take scaled-up, immediate, ambitious, and inclusive actions to ensure that their climate commitments are aligned with a 1.5 °C pathway to achieve global net-zero GHG emissions by 2050 at the latest. We also call on all countries to commit at COP28 to collectively peaking global GHG emissions as soon as possible by 2025 at the latest, revisiting and strengthening the 2030 targets in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) as necessary. We reaffirm our commitment to the developed country goal of jointly mobilizing 100 billion USD annually in climate finance through to 2025 in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation. We will continue accelerating our efforts to at least double the collective provision of climate finance for adaptation to developing countries from 2019 levels by 2025, and call on others to do the same. We reaffirm the need for robust G7 pledges and the broadening of the contributor base for the Green Climate Fund’s ambitious second replenishment process. We commit to aligning financial flows with the Paris Agreement and the KMGBF, and call on other countries and MDBs to do the same. We reaffirm the importance of Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETPs), and welcome progress achieved on the JETP with South Africa, Indonesia and Vietnam, and the ongoing discussions with India and Senegal. Protecting people living in climate vulnerable situations, including those in SIDS, Least Developed Countries (LDCs), and fragile states, is essential for human security and sustaining stability. We promote the empowerment and protection of groups that may be more adversely affected by climate change. We will continue to provide further support to advance adaptation and strengthen the resilience of those people and to take timely and effective actions to reduce risks posed to peace and stability by climate change and environmental degradation. We recognize the particular concerns of many countries, including the member countries of the Pacific Island Forum and AOSIS, with respect to the stability of their baselines and maritime zones in the face of sea level rise. We emphasize the strong determination to work to successfully implement the decision at COP 27/the Paris Agreement-CMA4 to establish new funding arrangements for responding to loss and damage. We reaffirm the urgent need to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030. 21 Food security, nutrition, and humanitarian assistance We reaffirm that multiple factors including COVID-19 pandemic, soaring energy and food prices, climate change, biodiversity loss, and armed conflicts especially Russia’s war of aggression have disrupted global food systems including production and fertilizer and energy supply chains, exacerbating food insecurity and worsening malnutrition particularly in Africa and the Middle East. We acknowledge growing concerns about poor soil health and fertility, water scarcity, poor management of water resources, a lack of nutritious foods, and a lack of access to and affordability of fertilizers and underline the importance of adopting measures to build more resilient and sustainable supply chains. We have responded to the food and nutrition crisis by strengthening efforts to prevent and treat all forms of malnutrition and by stepping up our assistance to affected countries, regions, and populations, including women and girls who are disproportionately impacted by the food and nutrition crisis. We also emphasize the importance of the efforts started within the framework of the Global Alliance for Food Security that was established by the G7 together with the World Bank. We reaffirm support to the G7 Famine Prevention and Humanitarian Crises Compact. We recognize the critical importance of the “Solidarity Lanes”, the “Black Sea Grain Initiative”, and the “Grain from Ukraine Initiative” to support the restoration of Ukraine’s agricultural sector and to prevent further food system shocks. We call upon Russia to stop threatening global food supplies and allow the Black Sea Grain Initiative to operate at its maximum potential and indefinitely. We underline the importance of preventing and treating malnutrition and protecting the most vulnerable populations and of the right to adequate food. We consider access to affordable, safe, and nutritious food and the realization of the right to adequate food to be a basic human need. We affirm the necessity of enhancing agricultural related infrastructure, including processing, storage, irrigation, and transportation systems. We affirm our intention to accelerate support for particularly vulnerable countries, promote regional agricultural trade, strengthen food supply management, and build market linkages for smallholder farmers. We acknowledge that sustained investments in agricultural development helped reduce global hunger, poverty, and malnutrition. We affirm our commitment to mobilizing public and private sector partners to help vulnerable countries transform their agricultural sectors and sustainably increase agricultural productivity as they adapt to climate change and sustainably, nutritiously and safely feed growing populations and build long-term resilient and sustainable agriculture and food systems. We reaffirm our commitment to humanitarian crisis prevention and response to support vulnerable populations severely affected by multiple crises. We are determined to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of humanitarian assistance, such as anticipatory action and other measures, in line with the Grand Bargain and other commitments. We will continue to work with the international community towards the second Global Refugee Forum in December 2023. We also recognize the importance of the UNSG’s follow-up Action Agenda on Internal Displacement. 22 Global health A healthy environment is precondition for human health and wellbeing. We are working together and cooperating with global partners to prevent, prepare for, and respond to future epidemics and pandemics. The One Health approach is an essential component of these efforts. We are determined to build more resilient health systems to improve prevention, preparedness, and response (PPR) for future pandemics, antimicrobial resistance, and other global health threats. We reiterate our commitment to draft and negotiate a WHO convention, agreement or other international instrument on pandemic PPR (WHO CA+), working with other WHO Member States in the Intergovernmental Negotiating Body. We are also negotiating targeted amendments to strengthen the International Health Regulations (2005). We are committed to strengthening health systems and enhancing equitable and timely access to safe, high quality, affordable and effective medical countermeasures (MCMs), including in humanitarian settings. To this end, we are committed to supporting the strengthening of an end-to-end MCM ecosystem for future health emergencies. We emphasize the importance of promoting sustainable local and regional manufacturing and delivery based on public health needs. Achievement of universal health coverage (UHC), with Primary Health Care as a cornerstone, is critically important for the continued social and economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and to tackle other health challenges. We commit to ensuring the effective operationalization of the Pandemic Fund, which focuses on strengthening pandemic prevention and preparedness capacities. We reaffirm our strong commitment to a comprehensive approach to mental health and psycho-social support for all and to comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights for all individuals, including through strengthened coordination to advance sexual and reproductive, maternal, and child health, nutrition, and improved access to family planning. We are determined to work with others to maximize synergies and ensure ambitious action-oriented outcomes across UNGA High Level Meetings on pandemic PPR, UHC, and tuberculosis. We emphasize the importance of cooperative capacity-building efforts, including expanded surveillance and augmented laboratory capacity to strengthen global biosafety and security. 23 Gender Equality We reaffirm the G7’s continued global leadership on gender equality and the promotion and protection of the rights of women and girls in all their diversity as well as LGBTQIA+ persons. We express our strong concern over the global rollback of women’s and girls’ rights in particular and the disproportionate impact of conflict and crisis on them. We are committed to the elimination of sexual and gender-based violence, including conflict-related and technologically-facilitated sexual violence. We underscore the importance of ensuring the full empowerment of women, as well as their full, equal and meaningful participation in all political and peace processes. We recognize the importance of advancing gender-responsive climate action, closing the digital gender gap, strengthening and formalizing the care economy, and breaking down gender barriers in education. We reaffirm our commitment to implementing the global WPS agenda in accordance with UNSCR 1325 and subsequent resolutions. 24 Disaster-risk reduction We are enhancing international cooperation on disaster risk reduction, recognizing that many countries are vulnerable to natural disasters and the resulting forced displacement. We fully acknowledge the importance of capacity building and early warning systems, in line with the UNSG’s “Early Warnings for All” initiative, adaptable procurement, and social protection systems with a view to strengthening resilience against disasters, many of which are exacerbated by climate change. We are also committed to accelerating international cooperation in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 and welcome the output of its midterm review conducted by the UNDRR together with states and relevant stakeholders this year. Building on the outcome of COP27, we underline that such disaster risk reduction efforts contribute to averting, minimizing, and addressing the loss and damage associated with climate change and to achieve sustainable development. We stress the importance of taking anticipatory actions to prevent or reduce acute humanitarian crises before they fully unfold. (End)

Secretary Michael R. Pompeo at a Press Availability 美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区（Washington, D.C.） 2020年4月22日 国务卿迈克尔·蓬佩奥（Michael R. Pompeo）在记者会上发表讲话 新闻简报室 [摘译] 国务卿蓬佩奥：诸位上午好。对于居住在时区已经是星期四的诸位，祝莱麦丹斋月（Ramadan）快乐。 我想先谈谈3个值得纪念的日子。 首先，我们缅怀当年斯里兰卡在复活节（Easter Sunday）遭遇恐怖主义袭击时被杀害的人士。昨天恰逢一周年。 然后是这个星期本届政府每年纪念的大屠杀受难者日（Holocaust Days of Remembrance）。今年是当时众多纳粹集中营获得解放75周年。当年大量无辜人士被杀害，其中包括600万犹太人。我们通过亲历者的经历得到见证，要求这类惨无人道的罪恶事件永远不再重演。 另外就是地球日（Earth Day），特别需要强调联合国秘书长古特雷斯（Guterres）今天上午发表致辞，呼吁让我们的复苏成为正确行事的好机会。我希望提醒每一个人，为了以正确的方式使全世界走向更绿色、更清洁、更光明的未来，需要有民营部门的创造性和自由的市场竞争。这正是我们在美国所做的工作，而且将继续是我们努力的方向。我们在降低任何类型的排放方面都领先于全世界。 举一个很简单的数据：根据2005年到2018年我们近几年的统计数字，即使我们的经济增长了25%， 但美国的排放却降低了10%以上。与此相反，中国自2006年以来始终是每年最大的排放国，预计中国的排放量将继续增长到2030年，从而抵消了世界各国为降低全球排放取得的进展。我要求秘书长古特雷斯确保我们得到正确的统计数字，得到真实的情况，说明谁真正为我们高度重视的问题做出了实际贡献。在地球日这一天，地球日50周年到来之际，我认为这一点特别重要。 谈到世界卫生组织（World Health Organization），我想花几分钟时间让美国人民多了解一些我们正积极要求解决的各种问题。 世界卫生组织有两个基本功能。首先，世界卫生组织发挥监督和咨询的作用，首要任务是负责卫生紧急援助和人道主义援助行动。 2003年第一次发生严重急性呼吸系统综合症（SARS）的时候，美国主导了世界卫生组织的改革，涉及世界卫生组织的条例，规定各国应该如何通报公共卫生受到威胁的情况。为此，2003年进行了重大改革。 这些条例被称为《国际卫生条例》（International Health Regulations ），于2007年生效。 我们提出了十分明确的要求。我们——全世界——提出了十分明确的要求，规定每一个国家必须为保护全球健康公布相关数据。 例如，国际卫生条例第6条规定，“每个缔约国应当……在24小时内向世卫组织通报在本国领土内发生……有可能构成国际关注的突发公共卫生情况的所有事件……。” 同一条例的附录2规定，各国必须向世界卫生组织通报任何不寻常或意外的公共卫生事件，例如SARS。SARS是导致COVID-19的病毒基因近亲。 这些条例还规定各国应该注意什么时候向世界卫生组织通报不明原因或不明来源的疾病。 我们坚信中国共产党未能及时向世界卫生组织通报新型冠状病毒疫情。 国际卫生条例第6条，也是这次改革的内容之一，进一步要求缔约国，其中也应包括中国，“应当继续及时向世卫组织报告它得到的关于所通报事件的确切和充分详细的公共卫生信息……，”说明这是一项持续的义务。 即使在中国共产党未向世界卫生组织通报冠状病毒疫情后，中国也未提供得到的全部信息。 相反，中国隐瞒了这种疾病的危险性，未通报人传人的现象，持续了一个月之久，直至中国境内每一个省份都发生了疫情。中国对试图向全世界发出警告的人员进行钳制，下令停止检测新的样本并销毁了现有的样本。 中国共产党至今仍未向外部世界提供中国境内病毒的样本，使追踪疾病演进的工作无法开展。 世界卫生组织至今尚未对中国有关遵守国际卫生条例的问题做出法律决定，其监督的功能在这场疫情爆发期间显然未能发挥作用。 我还需要指出，当各国于2007年采取这些新条例时，我们还鼓励并使世界卫生组织总干事有能力对外公布某成员国未能遵守这些条例的情况。但是这一次也没有能够做到。 正是因为如此，按照世界卫生组织的条例，我们继续坚持这是对透明和开放的一个持续性要求，今天世界卫生组织有责任继续执行这些条例。保持透明和正确执行是今天和今后挽救生命的关键。 我需要花一点时间谈谈人道主义援助。美国是全球最慷慨的国家，过去3年来一贯如此，今年仍将如此。 由于美国纳税人做出的贡献，过去20年来我们已经为全球卫生事业提供了1,400多亿美元的全球资金。 今天，我可以确定地说，美国正在追加约2.7亿美元资金帮助情况最危急的国家抗击病毒，至今我们提供的总资金已超过7.75亿美元。 我们通过多种方式从事这项工作。我们通过多边组织进行。我们通过提供专业技术帮助我们的伙伴。今天，疾病控制与预防中心在59个国家有驻在人员，多年来已协助世界各地训练了数千名流行病学家，使他们以自己的知识做出了不同寻常的重要贡献。 诸位都应该知道，这为有关国家提供了帮助，在这些国家挽救了生命。但这是一场全球疫情，这方面的工作也为我们美国国内提供了保护。 在危地马拉报告第一例COVID病例几周前，美国国际发展署(USAID)帮助那里的卫生部（Ministry of Health）为一所关键医院配备设备，以便开始照护第一批患者。 今天，美国还在印度尼西亚各地培训70,000多名药剂师，使他们能够提供良好的建议和转诊信息。 美国的慷慨不仅限于我们提供的直接来自于美国政府的援助。我们的公司企业、我们的非政府组织、慈善机构以及所有信仰团体——这是一项全美齐努力的方针，在世界各地拯救生命并在国内这里保护我们自己。 我们估算美国人民仅仅为抗击这种特定病毒已合计提供了近30亿美元捐赠和援助。 美国对全球健康的承诺依然一如既往地稳固。 接着再谈最后两点。我想强调说明中国共产党正在利用全世界对COVID-19冠状病毒危机的全副关注来继续其挑衅行为的两种方式。 首先，我们谈到了在香港发生的情况，在北京侵损自治的日益增加的活动中，执法当局逮捕了亲民主活动人士，其中包括81岁的李柱铭（Martin Lee）。我们一直表示中国有义务履行其承诺、其义务——正如我之前谈到病毒时所言——履行其制定的以及签字认可的规则。我们在这里要求他们继续这样做。 你们也看到中国共产党正在向台湾施加军事压力，并在南中国海胁迫其邻国，甚至做出——甚至撞沉一艘越南渔船。 美国强烈反对中国的霸凌行为；我们希望其他国家也追究他们的责任。今晚。我本人将和老挝外长共同主持一次同每个东盟（ASEAN）成员的通话。 我也想指出，我们现在正进一步制定2019年《国防授权法案》（NDAA）中的法律所要求的禁止在美国设施使用华为及其他不可信任的供应商的执行政策。 进入美国的设施的数据必须要走一条清洁路径（Clean Path），而且只能存在于并经由可信任的系统传输。过不了太久我们会就此提供全部细节。 *    *    *    * 问：……。关于中国，有数百万件个人防护用品在中国搁置，尽管美国公司已经买下了它们。你认为个人防护用品被耽搁是因为官僚手续，是中国要努力保证优质，还是因为中国其实是在囤积，不让美国得到？谢谢。 蓬佩奥国务卿：对你的第二个问题，我将让副总统的特别工作组来谈那些物资和运输。好消息是，我们已经看到中国提供那些资源。有时候它们是来自在中国的美国公司，但是我们取得了成功。副总统和他的工作组谈到了将产品从中国送到美国人民这里的空中桥梁，我们对此感谢。我们期待中国将继续履行自己的合同义务和国际义务，向我们提供那一援助，以符合所有国际贸易规则的方式——这些往往是商务交易——向我们出售那些物资。 *    *    *    * 问：……。你认为中国的行为——你所说的假信息——你认为它将对与美国的长期关系产生什么影响？你认为会造成严重损害吗？ 蓬佩奥国务卿：……。 就中国而言，愿意成为国际景观一部分的国家都有责任信息实事求是——他们有责任分享，并且透明和开放。这是我们对每一个国家的期待。我所认为的——我想你指的人们所说的假信息。力图转嫁责任或者不让世界进入以便弄清正在发生什么情况——你要记住，这些实验室在中国国内仍然运作，这些实验室有正在被研究的复杂的病原体。这并不只是武汉病毒研究所。中国国内有许多操作这些东西的实验室。非常需要以安全保险的方式操作这些材料，以便不会发生意外洩露。 我们在美国国内有一套复杂的制度做到这点。许多国家也是这样。我们有许多制度——我给你们举一个核环境的例子，核设施接受国际检查以便确保是在用正确的方式操作。美国投入很多资金培训其他国家，帮助他们用正当的方式操作核材料。我们必须确保中国政府以正当的方式操作那些材料，不仅在武汉病毒研究所，而且在其他地方。所以，这是中国政府时刻负有的责任，也是世界卫生组织时刻负有的责任，它对遵守规则负有责任。 我希望我说的这些没有让你们感到乏味，但非常有必要知道，中国共产党是签署了一套国际规定的。我们不是在实行美国的规则，这些是中国政府签署加入的规则，世界卫生组织负有持续不断的责任——不仅仅是在当时12月，而是持续的责任，确保那些规则在今天得到遵守，从而不仅在当前的大流行疫情中保护我们，而且在未来也是如此。 *    *    *    * 问：鉴于中国政府未能及时通报世卫组织，你认为中国政府要向其他国家或个人赔偿吗？另外，就像你谈到中国国内有多个实验室，你如何评估中国对这些危险材料的操作方式？你认为他们做得足够充分吗？ 蓬佩奥国务卿：我将把问责这部分内容留到另一天谈，也就是我们怎样追究责任以及如何要求其他国家承担责任。这里只说一点，一套规则——世卫组织一套规则本身就是要各国遵守其职责，它针对不遵守职责的国家给予了世卫组织总干事极大的权威，我们期待所有签署《国际卫生条例》（International Health Regulations）的国家和世卫组织领导予以执行。所以我们在期待这点。我们的期待不仅针对追溯过去，而且在今天继续。 第二个问题是什么， 里奇（Rich）？ 问：你提到中国境内多个实验室。 蓬佩奥国务卿：对。我将不就此发表评论。我要说的是，比较容易回答的问题是这些实验室不仅是否遵守规则，而且是否是在以充分、安全和保险的方式操作这以材料，世界是否能够进入那些 地方，他们是否将以公开和透明的方式分享信息，尽管——总统说到这点——我们曾努力在初期进入看看正在发生什么情况，一开始与世界卫生组织一道进去；如果我记得不错的话，那应该是在1月份。我们仍然没有病毒样本，世界也仍无法进到那些设施或这个病毒可能在武汉发源的其他地方。 *    *    *    *

Michael R. Pompeo, Secretary of State Washington, D.C. Press Briefing Room SECRETARY POMPEO: I want to lead off with three commemorations. First, we remember those slain in terrorist attacks in Sri Lanka on Easter Sunday. That was one year ago yesterday. Second, this week the administration honors the annual Holocaust Days of Remembrance. This is the 75th anniversary year of the liberation of many Nazi concentration camps where so many innocent people were murdered, including 6 million Jews. We bear witness to their stories so that such repugnant acts of evil will never happen again. Third, it’s Earth Day, and especially in light of Secretary-General Guterres’ message released this morning to turn our recovery into a real opportunity to do the right thing, I want to remind everyone that the right way to achieve a greener, cleaner, brighter future for the world is to unleash private innovation and free market competition. It’s what we’ve done here in the United States but continue to be our model, and we are a world leader in reducing all types of emission. One simple data point: From 2005 to 2018, the most recent year we have data, U.S. emissions decreased by more than 10 percent even as our economy grew by 25 percent. China, conversely, has been the largest annual emitter since 2006 and it expects that its emissions will continue to grow until around 2030, thus offsetting the progress of countries all around the world in reducing global emissions. I would urge Secretary Guterres to make sure we have the data right, the facts right about who is actually delivering on the things that we all value. And on Earth Day, the 50th anniversary of Earth Day, I think that’s especially important. Turning to the World Health Organization, I want to spend a few minutes telling the American people a little bit more about the problems that we’re trying to work our way through. The WHO has two primary functions. First, it’s a regulator and an advisory role, and a health emergency and humanitarian aid operation on top of that. After the first SARS outbreak in 2003, the United States led the reform of the WHO, the WHO rules that govern how countries report on public health threats. So a major reform effort at 2003. Those rules – they’re called the International Health Regulations – went into effect in 2007. We set very clear expectations. We – the world – set very clear expectations for how every country must disclose data to protect global health. For example, Article 6 of the IHR says that “each State Party shall notify the World Health Organization…within 24 hours…of all events which may constitute a public health emergency of international concern within its territory…” Annex 2 of those same rules provides that countries must notify the World Health Organization of any unusual or unexpected public health events such as SARS, a close genetic cousin of the virus that causes COVID-19. Those rules also said how countries should evaluate when to notify the WHO of diseases of unknown causes or sources. We strongly believe that the Chinese Communist Party did not report the outbreak of the new coronavirus in a timely fashion to the World Health Organization. Article 6 of the IHRs, which was a part of this reform, further mandates that a State Party – that would include China – “shall continue to communicate to WHO timely, accurate and sufficiently detailed public health information…” That is, there’s an ongoing obligation. Even after the CCP did notify the WHO of the coronavirus outbreak, China didn’t share all of the information it had. Instead, it covered up how dangerous the disease is. It didn’t report sustained human-to-human transmission for a month until it was in every province inside of China. It censored those who tried to warn the world, it ordered a halt to testing of new samples, and it destroyed existing samples. The CCP still has not shared the virus sample from inside of China with the outside world, making it impossible to track the disease’s evolution. Not making a legal determination here today on China’s adherence to the IHRs, but the World Health Organization’s regulatory arm clearly failed during this pandemic. I’d also note that when countries adopted these new rules in 2007, we also gave the director-general of the WHO encouragement and the ability to go public when a member-country wasn’t following those rules, and that didn’t happen in this case either. It’s why we continue to insist this is an ongoing requirement for transparency and openness according to the WHO rules, and the WHO has responsibility to continue to enforce them today. This transparency and getting it right is critical to saving lives today and in the future. I’ll talk for just a minute about humanitarian aid. The United States is the most generous nation on the planet, has been for the past three years, will continue to be this year. Thanks to the American taxpayers, we’ve dedicated more than $140 billion in global funding for global health purposes in the past two decades. Today I can confirm the United States is making an additional commitment of about 270 million to assist the most at-risk countries in fighting the virus, bringing our total to more than $775 million to date. We do this in lots of ways. We do this through multilateral organizations. We help our partners by sharing expertise. Today the CDC has officers stationed in 59 countries and has helped train thousands of epidemiologists worldwide over the years whose knowledge is providing incredibly valuable. You should know it helps those countries, it saves lives in those countries, but this is a global pandemic and that work protects us right here at home in America as well. Weeks before the first reported COVID case arrived in Guatemala, USAID helped the Ministry of Health there equip a key hospital to start caring for its first patients. And the United States is training more than 70,000 pharmacists across Indonesia today so they can provide good advice and referrals. American generosity isn’t limited to our assistance that comes directly from the United States Government. Our businesses, our NGOs, charities, all faith groups – this is an all-of-America approach to saving lives all across the world and protecting us right here at home as well. We estimate that the American people, in cume, have given nearly $3 billion in donations and assistance just to fight this particular virus. America’s global health commitments remain as steady as ever. Move on to a couple final points. I want to highlight two ways in which the Chinese Communist Party is exploiting the world’s focus on COVID-19 crisis by continuing its provocative behavior. First, we commented on what’s taking place in Hong Kong, where amidst increased efforts by Beijing to erode autonomy, law enforcement authorities have arrested pro-democracy activists, including 81-year-old Martin Lee. We’ve always said that China has an obligation to live up to its promises, its obligation – as I was speaking about the virus earlier – to live up to the rules that it put in place and it signed off on. We’d ask them to continue to do that here. You’ve also seen that the Chinese Communist Party is exerting military pressure on Taiwan and coercing its neighbors in the South China Sea, even going so far as to have – so far as to sink a Vietnamese fishing vessel. The United States strongly opposes China’s bullying; we hope other nations will hold them to account, too. Tonight I’ll be on a phone call cochaired by myself and my Laotian counterpart with every ASEAN member. I want to note, too, that we are now well along in developing the implementing policies required by the law in the NDAA of 2019 prohibiting use of Huawei and other untrusted vendors in U.S. facilities. Data that come into U.S. facilities will have to follow a Clean Path and reside and transit only through trusted systems. And we’ll provide full details on that before too long. QUESTION: On China, there are millions of PPE items stuck in China despite the fact they’ve been bought by U.S. companies. Do you believe the PPE is stuck because of red tape, China trying to make sure the quality is high, or because China is actually hoarding them and keeping them from the U.S.? Thanks. SECRETARY POMPEO: As for your second question, I’ll leave to the Vice President’s task force to talk about those goods and their transit. The good news is we have seen China provide those resources. Sometimes they’re from U.S. companies that are there in China, but we’ve had success. The Vice President and his team have talked about the air bridge that has delivered products to the American people from China, and we appreciate that. We are counting on China to continue to live up to its contractual obligations and international obligations to provide that assistance to us and to sell us those goods – often these are commercial transactions – in a way consistent with all of the international trade rules. And then a broader question on China, if I may. How would you say that the Chinese behavior – this disinformation that you are talking about – what effect do you think that has on a long-term relationship with the U.S.? Do you think it will damage it significantly? SECRETARY POMPEO: As for China, nations that desire to be part of the global landscape have obligations for truthful information – they have obligations to share and be transparent and open. That’s our expectation for every country. What I think – I think you were referring to was you called it disinformation. Seeking to transfer responsibility or to deny access to the world so that the world can figure out what’s going on – you have to remember, these labs are still open inside of China, these labs that contain complex pathogens that were being studied. It’s not just the Wuhan Institute of Virology. There are multiple labs inside of China that are handling these things. It’s important that those materials are being handled in a safe and secure way such that there isn’t accidental release. We have an elaborate regime inside the United States to do that. Many countries do it as well. We have lots of regimes wher

我们未来的愿景是什么？美国驻广州总领事馆的愿景墙是对美中关系积极的艺术展现。这个项目名叫”Vision Board”(“愿景墙”)，它是以视觉传达的方式发人深省，给人动力。在既定的主题下，设计由美国和中国的艺术家合作创作，展现对全球重要主题共同和积极的愿景。获选作品安置在美国领事馆入口的外墙，供公众欣赏、思考和讨论。  第二期“愿景墙”在2022年12月至2023年5月期间展示，主题是“美国和中国人与人之间持久的关系”。我们不仅庆贺我们有共同的历史，还庆贺我们这融洽的大家庭里在教育交流、职业机遇、贸易等领域里有相互交织的未来。在2022年秋，有17对美中艺术家合作为这些人文交流描绘了积极的愿景，它们跨越历史，延续至今，并向未来无限伸展。以下两幅设计作品很好地体现了这些深刻而有意义的连结。 “友谊”展示在美领馆东门领事访客入口的南墙。 “友谊”展示在美领馆东门领事访客入口的南墙。 “前进之路“展示在美领馆南门的东墙 “前进之路“展示在美领馆南门的东墙 艺术家：龙灿（中国），Tristan Lindo（美国） 了解更多 这幅墙画名为“友谊”，由中国艺术家龙灿和美国艺术家Tristan Lindo创作，他们描绘了他们自艺术学校时开始的友谊。通过这幅墙画，他们用科学、艺术、教育交流和厨艺的象征来展示人与人之间跨越时间和地点连结在一起。 艺术家对作品的介绍视频 艺术家：陈思宇（中国），J. James （美国） 了解更多 美国艺术家J. James和中国艺术家陈思宇创作的这幅墙画名为“前进之路”。作品里由一条龙和一只老鹰共同拉起未来的标语，留白。设计里的其它元素体现了我们两个国家的人们在贸易、农业、学术的交流和持久关系。 艺术家对作品的介绍视频 自2022年4月到12月所展示的是愿景墙首期作品。它描绘了一个世界的愿景，人类通过改变行为和技术克服了气候变化的挑战。由于没有国家能单独解决气候危机，美国和中国于2021年11月10日在格拉斯哥的COP26大会上共同发布声明，采取措施应对气候危机。双方同意加速采取气候行动与合作，包括零碳经济的转型。为把相关讨论带到珠江新城，16对美中艺术家联手打造了多元化图景，包括融入两国文化元素，展望未来在气候危机背景下人民如何改变行为和生活。下面两幅入选作品更好地体现了创意灵感和气候行动的伟愿。  “彩虹奇迹”展示在美领馆南门的东墙。 “彩虹奇迹”展示在美领馆南门的东墙。 “陆地之光”展示在美领馆东门领事访客入口的南墙。 “陆地之光”展示在美领馆东门领事访客入口的南墙。 艺术家：江汶轩（中）、Valerie Rose（美） 了解更多 这幅墙绘名为“彩虹奇迹”，由中国艺术家江汶轩和美国艺术家 Valerie Rose 创作，他们刻画了平等的手语手势，强调了只有我们相互平等尊重，欣赏不同和尊重地球才能创造可持续发展的未来。 艺术家对作品的介绍视频 艺术家：陈思宇（中）、“Distort“（美） 了解更多 第二幅安装的墙画是美国涂鸦画家“Distort”和中国街头画家陈思宇的作品“陆地之光”。在这个未来愿景中描绘了新旧技术为人和自然提供了和谐相处的条件。 艺术家对作品的介绍视频 微博

What is our vision for the future?  The Vision Board mural series at U.S. Consulate General Guangzhou showcases positive artistic expressions of the relationship between the United States and the People’s Republic of China.  The project is called a “Vision Board,” which is a visual representation of goals intended to serve as inspiration or motivation.  Within a given theme, designs are created collaboratively between American and Chinese artists depicting shared and inspired visions on important global matters.  The selected designs are placed at the Consulate’s entrances for public display, reflection, and discussion.   On display from December 2022 to May 2023, the second phase of Vision Board depicts the enduring people-to-people relationships between citizens of the United States and the People’s Republic of China.  We celebrate not only our shared history, but also an interwoven future of familial connections, educational exchange, professional opportunities, trade, and more.  In the fall of 2022, 17 pairs of Chinese and American artists worked collaboratively to portray a positive future of these people-to-people relationships that have existed throughout history, are alive today, and will continue indefinitely.  Two designs (below) were selected as best portraying these deep and meaningful connections.  On display from April to December 2022, the first phase of Vision Board depicted a shared vision of a world in which humanity has surmounted the climate challenge through behavioral and technological change.  As no country can solve the climate crisis alone, the United States and the People’s Republic of China issued a joint declaration on enhancing climate action during COP26 in Glasgow November 10, 2021.  Both sides agreed that climate action and cooperation need to be accelerated, including the transition to a global net zero economy.  To bring this discussion to Zhujiang New Town, 16 pairs of American and Chinese artists crafted diverse images, including elements from both cultures and envisioned our future resilience and modifications to life resulting from the climate crisis.  Two designs (below) were selected as best inspiring more ambitious climate action.

安东尼·布林肯国务卿 三个月前，就在俄罗斯军队涌入乌克兰边境，执行普京总统本不必发动的无端、无理战争的几天前，我们降下了美国驻乌克兰基辅大使馆的国旗。当我们暂停使馆的工作时，我们明确表明：虽然我们会为了美国使馆人员的安全与保障而重新安置他们，但这绝不会妨碍我们与乌克兰人民、政府、公民社会以及我们的盟友和伙伴交往并提供支持。我们强调了我们致力于乌克兰主权与领土完整的决心，承诺继续提供援助，并开始为我们能够重返基辅的那一天而努力。 现在，这一天已经到来。今天，我们正式恢复美国驻基辅大使馆的工作。 面对俄罗斯的无理入侵，乌克兰人民在我们的安全协助下保卫了自己的家园，因此，星条旗再次飘扬在使馆上空。我们骄傲地与乌克兰政府和人民站在一起，并继续支持他们保卫自己的国家免遭克里姆林宫残酷侵略战争的伤害。 在我们采取这一重大举措时，我们提出了更多措施，以增加返回基辅的同事们的安全，并加强了我们的安全措施和协议。我们致力于应对前方的挑战。战争在继续。俄罗斯军队每天都在乌克兰的土地上造成死亡和破坏。数以百万计的乌克兰人背井离乡，哀悼他们失去的亲人。怀着坚定的信念，我们重申我们对乌克兰人民和政府的承诺，我们期待着在基辅的美国大使馆履行我们的使命。 欲查看原稿内容:https://www.state.gov/raising-the-flag-at-u-s-embassy-kyiv/ 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

Antony J. Blinken, Secretary of State Three months ago, we lowered our flag over the U.S. Embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine, just days before Russian forces streamed across Ukraine’s border to carry out President Putin’s unprovoked, unjustified war of choice.  When we suspended operations at the embassy, we made the point clear: while we would relocate U.S. embassy personnel for their safety and security, this would in no way prevent our engagement with, and support for, the Ukrainian people, government, and civil society as well as our allies and partners.  We underscored our commitment to Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, pledged to continue our assistance, and started working toward the day we could return to Kyiv. Now, that day has come. Today we are officially resuming operations at the U.S. Embassy in Kyiv.  The Ukrainian people, with our security assistance, have defended their homeland in the face of Russia’s unconscionable invasion, and, as a result, the Stars and Stripes are flying over the Embassy once again. We stand proudly with, and continue to support, the government and people of Ukraine as they defend their country from the Kremlin’s brutal war of aggression. As we take this momentous step, we have put forward additional measures to increase the safety of our colleagues who are returning to Kyiv and have enhanced our security measures and protocols. We are committed to confronting the challenges ahead.  The war rages on.  Russia’s forces inflict death and destruction on Ukrainian soil every day.  Millions of Ukrainians are displaced from their homes and mourn the loss of their loved ones.  With strength of purpose, we reaffirm our commitment to the people and government of Ukraine, and we look forward to carrying out our mission from the U.S. Embassy in Kyiv.

彭斯副总统与加拿大总理特鲁多在联合新闻声明的讲话 我对你们两位的后续问题都是关于在中国被拘押的加拿大人。副总统先生，您能否确切地告诉我们美国正在做些什么来帮助 —协助实现释放这两个人？ 以及美国有多大可能撤回对孟女士的引渡请求？ 特鲁多先生，美国还能再做些什么呢？ 其中，您是否希望看到美国撤回对孟女士的引渡请求？ 谢谢。 彭斯副总统：嗯，正如我所说，在对这两名加拿大公民的非法拘押问题上，美国与加拿大坚定地站在一起。总理和我今天详尽地谈了这一点。我可以向你们保证，在这些公民获得自由并回到这个国家之前，我们将继续坚定地站在这一立场。 让我来说说特朗普总统将在未来几周与特鲁多总理一起前往20国集团。我们预计他将在那里与习主席会晤。我们正在就我们的贸易关系进行重要讨论。 但我可以向你保证，在这种背景下以及未来，即使在我们处理美国和中国之间更大的经济和结构问题时，我们仍将继续敦促中国释放加拿大公民。 在这项努力上，我们与加拿大站在一起。我们尊重并感谢加拿大就这名华为高管所采取的捍卫法治的强有力的立场。我们将继续就这一问题开展工作。 特鲁多总理：正如人们所熟知的，本届政府对—所有加拿大人对—两名加拿大人以一种任意的方式在中国被拘押这一状况十分关注，而且我们已经联系了世界各地的盟友，来确保每个人都站在一起。美国对这些将加拿大人任意拘押的谴责以及他们对于加拿大的支持一直是尤其强有力和直言不讳的。 但是，的确，我们当前的时刻，志同道合的国家—像加拿大和美国还有我们的许多欧洲和国际伙伴—对于中国正在更加武断地甚至是挑衅式地在国际舞台上站出来的这种方式表达了他们的失望。我们都站在一起，来确保规则得到遵守、我们的价值观得到维护并且中国知道西方的经济体和民主体团结在一起谴责这些为试图获得政治筹码而进行的任意拘押。

Remarks by Vice President Pence and Prime Minister Trudeau of Canada in Joint Press Statements | Ottawa, Canada Q    And my follow-up question for both of you is on the Canadians detained in China.  Mr. Vice President, can you tell us exactly what the United States is doing to help — assist in securing the release of these two men?  And what is the likelihood the United States would withdraw its extradition request for Ms. Meng? And, Mr. Trudeau, what more could the United States do?  And would you like to see the United States withdraw the extradition request for Ms. Meng as a part of this?  Thank you. VICE PRESIDENT PENCE:  Well, the United States, as I’ve said, has stood strong with Canada on the unlawful detention of the two Canadian citizens.  The Prime Minister and I spoke about it extensively today.  And I can assure you that we’ll continue to stand firmly in that position until those citizens are freed and restored to this nation. Let me say President Trump will be traveling, along with the Prime Minister, to the G20 in the weeks ahead.  We anticipate he will be meeting with President Xi there.  We’re in the midst of significant discussions over our trading relationship. But I can assure you, in that context, and going forward, we’re going to continue to urge China to release the Canadian citizens even while we deal with larger economic and structural issues between the United States and China. We are standing with Canada in this effort.  We respect and are grateful for the strong stand for the rule of law that Canada has taken with regard to the Huawei executive.  And we’ll continue to engage on the issue. PRIME MINISTER TRUDEAU:  As people well know, the preoccupation that this government has — that all Canadians have — with the situation of the two Canadians detained in China in an arbitrary manner is significant, and we have reached out to allies around the world to make sure that everyone stands together.  And the United States has been particularly strong and vocal in its condemnation of these arbitrary detentions of Canadians and in their support of Canada. But, indeed, we’re in a moment where like-minded nations — like Canada and the United States and many of our European and international partners — have expressed their dismay with the way China is stepping forward more assertively and indeed aggressively on the international stage.  And we are all standing together to insure that the rules are followed, that our values are upheld, and that China understands that the economies and democracies of the West are united in our condemnation of these arbitrary detentions for — in attempt to gain political leverage.

海外美国公民的安全、健康和福祉是美国最高等级的优先事项。美国公民因为最近在中国新冠感染人数的上升而受到影响，我们正在积极与他们一起努力并向他们提供帮助。   随着疫情的发生，中华人民共和国政府已扩大了新冠疫情防控举措。这些举措可能包括居家隔离、大规模检测、场所关停、交通中断、封控以及有可能发生的家庭成员分离。伯恩斯大使和使团的其他官员已经定期向中华人民共和国高级别官员直接提出我们对其中许多问题的关切，并将继续如此。   我们鼓励所有美国公民为您自己和您的各位家庭成员保存 14 天的药物、瓶装水和食物供应。   美国驻华使团与美国公民保持密切联系，包括通过多条信息来为社群提供最新消息。为收到这些信息，强烈建议美国公民在https://step.state.gov/注册“智行者登记计划”。美国公民还应当访问美国国务院中国国别信息网站(https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/China.html)获取最新的旅行状况信息。   如遇紧急情况，请拨打+(86)(10) 8531-4000，联系所在地区大使馆或总领事馆，不分昼夜。还可以通过https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/contact/网站，@USAmbChina 和 @USA_China_Talk 推特账号, @美国驻华大使馆 微博, “美国驻华大使馆” 微信公众号, 或者发送邮件到以下邮箱获取更多信息： 美国驻华大使馆：BeijingACS@state.gov 美国驻广州总领事馆：GuangzhouACS@state.gov 美国驻上海总领事馆：ShanghaiACS@state.gov 美国驻沈阳总领事馆：ShenyangACS@state.gov 美国驻武汉总领事馆：WuhanACS@state.gov

The United States has no higher priority than the safety, health, and well-being of American citizens overseas.  We are actively working with and assisting our citizens experiencing challenges related to the recent rise of COVID-19 infections in China.  The People’s Republic of China (PRC) authorities have expanded COVID-19 prevention restrictions and control measures as outbreaks occur.  These measures may include residential quarantines, mass testing, closures, transportation disruptions, lockdowns, and possible family separation.  Ambassador Burns and other Mission officials have regularly raised our concerns on many of these issues directly with senior PRC officials and will continue to do so. We encourage all U.S. citizens to keep a 14-day supply of medications, bottled water, and food for yourself and any members of your household. The Mission remains in close contact with American citizens, including through multiple messages updating the community.  In order to receive these messages, Americans are strongly encouraged to register in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) at https://step.state.gov/ .  Americans should also visit the Department of State’s China Country Information  website for the latest regarding travel conditions. In case of emergency, please reach out to the Embassy or Consulate General day or night for your area by calling +(86)(10) 8531-4000.  Further information can also be found at https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/contact/, Twitter (@USAmbChina and @USA_China_Talk), Weibo (@美国驻华大使馆), WeChat (@美国驻华大使馆), or by email: Embassy Beijing:  BeijingACS@state.gov Consulate General Guangzhou:  GuangzhouACS@state.gov Consulate General Shanghai:  ShanghaiACS@state.gov Consulate General Shenyang:  ShenyangACS@state.gov Consulate General Wuhan: WuhanACS@state.gov

谴责和打击亚裔美国人和太平洋岛民在美国所遭遇的种族歧视、仇外和不容忍行为备忘录 2021年1月26日，总统令 推进共融，让不同种族、原始国籍、族裔的人都有归属感，对保证美国人民的安保与安全是关键的。2019冠状病毒（COVID-19）肆虐之际，毁谤性和仇外的言论使得亚裔美国人和太平洋岛屿（Asian American and Pacific Islander, AAPI）人士、家庭、社群和企业陷于险境。 联邦政府必须认识到，通过政治领袖的行为，其扮演了助长此类仇外情绪的角色，包括以其始发地来称呼COVID-19流行病。诸如此类的论调煽动起毫无证据的恐惧，持续抹黑AAPI，使其被霸凌、骚扰、面对仇恨犯罪的情况日益增多。这些行为与公共卫生官员所倡导的最佳实践和指导大相径庭，并对AAPI家庭和社群造成严重伤害，必须予以解决。 尽管不容忍行为日益增加，但是无论在冠状疫情期间或在我们的历史上，AAPI都使得我们的国家更加安全。具估计，约有两百万名AAPI投身医护、急救、以及其他核心职位的行列，在前线与这次危机奋战。联邦政府应打击针对AAPI的种族歧视、仇外和不容忍行为，应努力确保每一位AAPI社群的人士，无论其背景、语言或宗教信仰为何，都受到有尊严且公平的对待。 根据美利坚合众国宪法和法律赋予我身为总统的权力，特此明令： 第一节  谴责任何针对AAPI的种族歧视、仇外和不容忍行为。联邦政府有责任防止在美国的每一个人，包括亚AAPI在内，不受到种族歧视、仇外和不容忍行为的攻击。我所领导的政府谴责并唾弃任何针对AAPI社群的种族歧视、仇外和不容忍行为。 第二节  打击针对AAPI的种族歧视、仇外和不容忍行为。（a）卫生与公众服务部长，与COVID-19健康公平工作组（COVID-19 Health Equity Task Force）协调后，应考虑发布最佳实践指导南，说明在应对COVID-19疫情中，联邦政府如何在文化能力、语言便利和敏感度上提高对待AAPI的方式。制定指南时，该部长应列入考虑公共卫生组织和专家所提出的一系列最佳实践，以期降低使用具种族歧视的语言来描述COVID-19疫情。 (b)  各行政部门和各署（机构）应采取一切适当步骤确保官方行动、文件、声明，包括与COVID-19疫情有关的在内，不呈现或造成针对AAPI的种族歧视、仇外和不容忍行为。各机构应与公共卫生专家、AAPI社群领袖、服务AAPI社群的组织进行磋商，或者根据本部分（a）项下所制定的任何最佳实践，确实了解AAPI社群的需要和所面临的挑战。 (c) 司法部长，在符合适用法律的情况下，应探索机会支援州和地方部门所做出的努力，以及AAPI社群和社群组织的努力，防止针对AAPI个人的歧视、霸凌、骚扰和仇恨犯罪行为，并扩大收集针对这些人的仇恨事件数据和公开报道。 第三节  一般规定。(a)  本备忘录中的任何内容均不得解释为损害或以其他方式影响： (i)         法律授予行政部门或机构或其负责人的权力；或 (ii)   管理和预算办公室主任有关预算、行政或立法提案的职能。 (b)   本备忘录应根据适用法律并在有拨款的情况下执行。 (c)   极力鼓励独立机构遵照本备忘录的规定。 (d)  本备忘录无意、也未创造任何人可依法或衡平法强制执行的实质或程序上的权利或利益，来与美国、其部门、机关或实体、其官员、雇员、或代理人、或任何其他人产生对立。 (e)  卫生和公众服务部长经授权和指示，在《联邦公报》上发布本备忘录。

Memorandum Condemning and Combating Racism, Xenophobia, and Intolerance Against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in the United States JANUARY 26, 2021· PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS Advancing inclusion and belonging for people of all races, national origins, and ethnicities is critical to guaranteeing the safety and security of the American people.  During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, inflammatory and xenophobic rhetoric has put Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) persons, families, communities, and businesses at risk. The Federal Government must recognize that it has played a role in furthering these xenophobic sentiments through the actions of political leaders, including references to the COVID-19 pandemic by the geographic location of its origin.  Such statements have stoked unfounded fears and perpetuated stigma about Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders and have contributed to increasing rates of bullying, harassment, and hate crimes against AAPI persons.  These actions defied the best practices and guidelines of public health officials and have caused significant harm to AAPI families and communities that must be addressed. Despite these increasing acts of intolerance, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders have made our Nation more secure during the COVID-19 pandemic and throughout our history.  An estimated 2 million Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders have served on the front lines of this crisis as healthcare providers, as first responders, and in other essential roles.  The Federal Government should combat racism, xenophobia, and intolerance against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders and should work to ensure that all members of AAPI communities — no matter their background, the language they speak, or their religious beliefs — are treated with dignity and equity. By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1.  Condemning Racism, Xenophobia, and Intolerance Against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.  The Federal Government has a responsibility to prevent racism, xenophobia, and intolerance against everyone in America, including Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.  My Administration condemns and denounces acts of racism, xenophobia, and intolerance against AAPI communities. Sec. 2.  Combating Racism, Xenophobia, and Intolerance Against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.  (a)  The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall, in coordination with the COVID-19 Health Equity Task Force, consider issuing guidance describing best practices for advancing cultural competency, language access, and sensitivity towards Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in the context of the Federal Government’s COVID-19 response.  In developing any such guidance, the Secretary should consider the best practices set forth by public health organizations and experts for mitigating racially discriminatory language in describing the COVID-19 pandemic. (b)  Executive departments and agencies (agencies) shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that official actions, documents, and statements, including those that pertain to the COVID-19 pandemic, do not exhibit or contribute to racism, xenophobia, and intolerance against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.  Agencies may consult with public health experts, AAPI community leaders, or AAPI community-serving organizations, or may refer to any best practices issued pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, to ensure an understanding of the needs and challenges faced by AAPI communities.  (c)  The Attorney General shall explore opportunities to support, consistent with applicable law, the efforts of State and local agencies, as well as AAPI communities and community-based organizations, to prevent discrimination, bullying, harassment, and hate crimes against AAPI individuals, and to expand collection of data and public reporting regarding hate incidents against such individuals. Sec. 3.  General Provisions.  (a)  Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect: (i)   the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or (ii)  the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals. (b)  This memorandum shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations. (c)  Independent agencies are strongly encouraged to comply with the provisions of this memorandum. (d)  This memorandum is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person. (e)  The Secretary of Health and Human Services is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

迈克尔·蓬佩奥（Michael R. Pompeo）国务卿与媒体见面 美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿特区 2020年10月21日 新闻发布厅（Press Briefing Room）  [摘要] 蓬佩奥国务卿：…… * * * * ……。本周日我将动身前往印度、斯里兰卡、马尔代夫，然后到印度尼西亚。我将在每一站讨论广泛的双边议题，但也将努力与那些国家找出最佳途径，确保我们一道合作维护自由和开放的印度-太平洋（Indo-Pacific）。 * * * * ……。我肯定我的会晤也会讨论自由国家如何通过共同努力，消除中国共产党带来的威胁。 在这方面有好消息。本周五，欧盟高级代表约瑟夫·博雷尔（Josep Borrell）和我将启动关于中国的美国-欧盟对话。我相信，这个讨论将深化我们在这个重要问题上与欧盟朋友的长期接触。 例如，欧洲方面和我们一样，也对环境感到担心。就在本周，中共发布了一个“事实清单”，那个——“事实清单”是放在引号里的——“事实清单”试图转移对它自身可怕的环境记录的注意。让我给你们几个真正的数据要点。 中华人民共和国是世界上最大的温室气体排放国，无人可比——第一名。中华人民共和国对造成世界海洋大约30%的塑料污染的确负有责任——这超过任何其他国家。中华人民共和国是世界上非法的野生物和木材产品的最大消费国——又是第一名。悬挂中华人民共和国旗帜或它拥有的船只不断地在其他沿海国家辖区的水域进行非法捕捞或过度捕捞，尤其是在非洲、亚洲和南美洲。 我们正在反击中国共产党在国内这里作宣传。今天，我宣布国务院将六家在美国运作的设在中国的媒体公司为外国使团。它们都由外国政府实质所拥有或受其有效控制。我们不对这些媒体在美国发布的内容给予任何限制。我们只是要确保美国人民，信息消费者，能够区分自由媒体报道的新闻和中国产党自身散布的宣传。它们不是一回事。 我还要指出，上周特朗普（Trump）总统公布了《关键与新兴技术国家战略》（National Strategy for Critical and Emerging Technologies），从根本上说明了美国将如何保持在常规武器、人工智能、半导体和太空技术上的全球领导地位。鉴于中国共产党和俄罗斯谋求在这些领域争夺取代美国的领导地位，我们在上述每个领域中的竞争优势变得更加重要。 * * * * 也在上周，美国贸易代表罗伯特·莱特希泽（Bob Lighthizer）和我以及约瑟夫·塞拉（Joseph Cella）在线同斐济签署一项协议，为美国和斐济发展两国间的商务关系举行定期对话打开大门。对比本月初发生的一个情况，当时中国外交官未经邀请出现在一个由台北驻斐济贸易代表处组织的活动上。他们开始对来宾拍照，被要求停止拍照，与人打起来，打架，导致台北贸易办事处一位工作人员头部受伤。我们祝愿我们的台湾朋友平安恢复健康。遗憾的是，这不是我们第一次听说中国外交官举止不当。 * * * * 问：……。你如何看待印度尼西亚拒绝美国提出的让海上侦察机在那里降落和加油的提议？这个提议是——看来与五角大楼的报告相似，即中国想把那个基地用作在印度尼西亚的军事后勤。那么这与那事有关吗？美国的提议是要把中国从印度尼西亚推开吗？ 蓬佩奥国务卿：……。但是毫不奇怪，美国坚信，符合东南亚，而这当然包括延伸到中南亚的整个一片地区的利益的是，符合他们的最佳利益的是，确保他们的主权受到保护，抵制对他们的基本权利——他们的海上权利，他们的主权权利，他们在国内按自己的方式行事的能力——的不断侵蚀，这些不断受到中国共产党的威胁。 * * * * 问：……。面对中国飞机越来越多地进入台湾领空，美国反对单方面改变台湾海峡（Taiwan Strait）的现状吗？你对具有一种战略清晰度以阻止可能发生的中国侵犯有何想法？谢谢。 蓬佩奥国务卿：我对我们对台湾的愿望和希望没有任何新内容可以宣布，我们的期待是，中国共产党将遵守他们的承诺。对中国共产党向来都归结到这一点：他们作出承诺，他们对世界作出承诺。我们已经看到他们几乎在一切地方都违背承诺。对，我们看到他们违背了对香港人民的承诺。我们看到他们对奥巴马（Obama）总统的承诺是，他们不会在南中国海（South China Sea）放置武器系统。他们转过头来就建造了。我可以说出一系列他们承诺做的事。他们承诺要让世界得到足够的信息，以便让我们找到武汉病毒到底是怎么跑出来的原因，他们还在继续。 我本周早些时候与将展开调查的机构的两位主席谈了话。我必须说，我不抱希望会对究竟那里发生了什么能有一个全面取证审查，以及中国共产党为了隐瞒他们当时在做的事情，如何使如今数十万人死亡，万亿美元财富被毁，为什么他们在武汉封城却继续让航班飞出中国，究竟在那个实验室发生了什么情况。 这些是世界有权利得到答案的重要问题，而中国共产党在继续违背他们向世界卫生组（World Health Organization）作出的最根本承诺，世卫组织有一套规则——叫做《国际卫生条例》（International Health Regulations）——我们将遵守它们，而就在我们今天坐在这里的时候，他们继续违背那一承诺。 因此，关于台湾，我们的政策没有改变。我希望中国共产党也选择尊重它的承诺。 * * * *

REMARKS MICHAEL R. POMPEO, SECRETARY OF STATE PRESS BRIEFING ROOM WASHINGTON, D.C. OCTOBER 21, 2020 SECRETARY POMPEO:  Morning, everyone.  How are you all?  Pretty good, healthy?  Awesome. Look, today I want to talk about a number of multilateral initiatives that we’re advancing here at the State Department.  We’re cooperating with our partners and allies and friends across the world in unprecedented ways.  It’s been a hallmark of the administration that frankly deserves more attention. Look, it starts with working to go out and meet with these people.  This Sunday I’ll depart for India, for Sri Lanka, for the Maldives, and then on to Indonesia.  On every stop I will discuss a broad range of bilateral topics, but also work to find out with each of those countries the best ways that we can make sure that we cooperate to preserve a free and open Indo-Pacific. I’m especially looking forward to doing that with Secretary Esper and our 2+2 ministerial dialogue with our Indian friends.  It’s been postponed because of the virus.  I’m glad we’re going to be able to execute that in person here in just a few days.  I’m sure that my meetings will also include discussions on how free nations can work together to thwart threats posed by the Chinese Communist Party. And on that front, good news.  This Friday the EU High Representative Josep Borrell and I will launch the U.S.-EU dialogue on China.  I’m confident that the discussion will deepen our long-term engagement with EU friends on this important issue. For instance, Europeans are concerned too about the environment, just as we are.  Just this week, the CCP issued a “fact sheet” that was – “fact sheet” is in quotes – a “fact sheet” trying to divert attention away from its own horrific environmental record.  Let me give you a few real data points. The PRC is the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases, bar none – number one.  The PRC is indeed responsible for an estimated 30 percent of plastic pollution in the world’s oceans – more than any other country.  The PRC is the world’s largest consumer of illegal wildlife and timber products – again, number one.  PRC-flagged or owned vessels constantly fish illegally or overfish in waters under the jurisdiction of other coastal states, in particular in Africa, Asia, and in South America. We’re pushing back on the Chinese communist propaganda efforts here at home, too.  Today I’m announcing the State Department is designating the U.S. operations of six China-based media companies as foreign missions.  They are all substantially owned or effectively controlled by a foreign government.  We’re not placing any restrictions on what these outlets can publish in the United States.  We simply want to ensure that American people, consumers of information, can differentiate between news written by a free press and propaganda distributed by the Chinese Communist Party itself.  They’re not the same thing. I’d also like to note last week President Trump released the National Strategy for Critical and Emerging Technologies.  It outlines fundamentally how the United States will maintain global leadership in conventional weapons, artificial intelligence, semiconductor, and space technologies.  Our competitive edge in each of these arenas is all the more important as the Chinese Communist Party and Russia seek to supplant America as the leader in these fields. In other news from Asia, last week the United States and Japan held the first ever consultations for a new host nation support agreement by which Japan will take on its share of the burden for our mutual security.  We agreed to continue coordination on dates and framework for formal negotiations in the coming weeks. Also last week, U.S. Trade Representative Bob Lighthizer and I and Ambassador Joseph Cella virtually signed an agreement with Fiji that opens the door to regular talks between the United States and Fiji on our growing commercial relationship.  Contrast that with the activity that took place early this month when Chinese diplomats appeared uninvited at an event organized by the Taipei trade office in Fiji.  They started taking pictures of guests, were asked to stop, and then got into a fight, a brawl, resulting in one of Taipei trade office staffers suffering a head injury.  We wish our Taiwanese friend a healthy, safe recovery.  This isn’t, unfortunately, the first time we’ve heard allegations of Chinese diplomats behaving inappropriately. Shifting gears to Russia, President Trump has made clear that the New START Treaty by itself is not a good deal for the United States or our friends or allies.  Only 45 percent of Russia’s nuclear arsenal is subject to numerical limits, posing a threat to the United States and our NATO allies.  Meanwhile, that agreement restricts 92 percent of America’s arsenal that is subject to the limits contained in the New START agreement. And China – China of course is not bound at all.  Zero percent of their weapon systems are governed and restricted by the New START agreement.  What we’ve proposed to extend that agreement would be historic, it’d be a great achievement.  Russia has agreed in principle to freeze all of its nuclear warheads.  We’re very pleased about that.  But we need to make sure that U.S. and Russian negotiators get together just as soon as possible to continue to make progress to finalize a verifiable agreement. Turning to the Middle East, last week the United States Government pulled off an outstanding collaborative effort to bring home two U.S. citizens held hostage by the Houthis in Yemen.  Both had an emotional reunion with their families, and I am happy to report they are both doing well.  My deepest condolences go out to the family of a third American who died while in captivity but whose remains have now been repatriated. We’re very grateful for the diplomatic help we received from the leaders of Oman and Saudi Arabia so that we could get these Americans back home.  Indeed, as you’ve all seen, we’ve enjoyed excellent cooperation with our Gulf partners in this administration.  Yesterday I led the first ever United States-United Arab Emirates Strategic Dialogue and we look forward to continuing to work with our Emirati partners to make the Expo 2020 Dubai a real success. Treasury Secretary Mnuchin just concluded a historic trip to Israel, Bahrain, and the United Emirates and Qatar, a trip which included signing additional agreements under the Abraham Accords.  It also featured the first ever Israel direct flight to Bahrain and the first ever commercial flight from the Emirates to Israel.  We hope such flights become routine.  We expect that they will. On Iran, this week we made good on our promise made in June that – when we said we would sanction commercial entities doing business with the Islamic Republic of Iran regime and their shipping lines.  Six entities and two individuals have now been designated.  It’s a warning to anyone doing business with this company. In Iraq last weekend, Iran-backed terrorists burned down the Baghdad headquarters of the Kurdistan Democratic Party and a second group murdered eight Sunni Arabs in Saladin province.  We in the international community support Prime Minister Kadhimi and the Iraqi Government’s growing efforts to hold accountable Iran-supported arms groups that are undermining Iraq’s stability and its sovereignty.  The Iraqi people will not stand for it. On Libya, I want to commend the Libyans’ reassertion of sovereignty as they take steps towards a lasting ceasefire during UN-facilitated talks in Geneva this week.  We repeat our call, the United States call for foreign forces to leave the country and let Libyans decide their own future.  We look forward to the upcoming Libya political dialogue forum and to supporting the transfer of power to a new executive authority. On Friday in Lebanon, we’ll honor the 241 American service members murdered 37 years ago by Iranian-backed Hizballah suicide bombers in a terrorist attack on U.S. and French peacekeepers.  The United States will always remember those heroes who made the ultimate sacrifice on that day and we remain resolute in bringing their killers to justice. A comment on Syria:  Tomorrow I’ll participate in a meeting with my counterparts in the Syria small group to reaffirm the U.S. Government’s strong support for a peaceful political resolution in the Syrian conflict under UN Security Council Resolution 2254.  I want to commend the European Union for their good work and the recent announcement of strong sanctions against Assad’s ruthless officials.  We continue to share the EU’s resolve to hold the Assad regime and its supporters accountable for the violent repression of Syrian civilians. A bit closer to home, we’ve consistently supported the Bolivian people in their right to freely, fairly choose their government.  We congratulate President-elect Luis Arce on his victory and look forward to working with the elected government for a hemisphere of freedom and prosperity. In Sudan, General Electric and Sudan civilian-led transitional government signed an MOU on October 15th of – for significant new projects for power and health care that’ll be an enormous benefit to the people of that country.  It’s a welcome sign that the relationship between our two countries is advancing.  They’re poised to take even greater strides once Sudan comes off the State Sponsor of Terror list as President Trump announced this week that we will do and we expect to happen. Finally, three quick items. First, the U.S. is pleased to nominate Chris Liddell as the secretary to – as the secretary general of the OECD.  I’ve known Chris now for a long time.  He’ll do an outstanding job working with other free market democracies to develop best practices and standards that drive growth and create jobs. Second, the Department of State will convene the first ever U.S. Government-sponsored conference on combating anti-Semitism on the internet and social media, titled “Ancient Hatred, Modern Medium,” and will be broadcast from the State Department website this afternoon and tomorrow at 1:00 p.m. Eastern time. And finally, next week the United Nations will recognize the 20th anniversary of the UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on women, peace, and security.  We call on the United Nations and all countries who share responsibility for the women, peace, and security agenda to uphold the promises of UN Security Council Resolution 1325. And with that, I’m happy to take a few questions. MS ORTAGUS:  Ms. Pak. QUESTION:  Thank you.  Thank you, Mr. Secretary.  Nice to meet you, since after pandemic I didn’t – I missed you so much. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yes, ma’am.  I’m here today. QUESTION:  Yeah.  I have two questions on the South and North Korea.  Recently President Moon Jae-in of South Korea mentioned about the declarations of the end of the war with North Korea.  Is it possible that the North – without North Korea nuclear – abandonment?  And I have a second question:  So will there be any change of USFK if the defenses cost share is not met enough for the United States? SECRETARY POMPEO:  So our position on that set of issues, that suite of issues with respect to denuclearization of North Korea, a brighter future for the North Korean people, which would obviously include documents that would change the status between North and South Korea.  There’s been no change in the way the United States thinks about this.  We continue to believe that there’s an important, good outcome for global peace and stability and for the North Korean people, and we hope that we can get back to the table and begin to have those discussions in a serious way and would ultimately lead to what the president of South Korea was speaking to. QUESTION:  And second question, do you have anything about the cost sharing within South Korea, if not it may be enough in – for the United States and DOD still leaving the U.S. troops in South Korea? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yeah, we’re still working our way through it.  I don’t have anything to announce today.  The discussions, the conversation about appropriate burden sharing there continues. QUESTION:  Thank you. MS ORTAGUS:  Said, go ahead. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Hello.  Good day, sir. QUESTION:  Thank you.  Sir, there is a Palestinian prisoner in an Israeli prison.  He’s on his 87th day of a hunger strike.  He’s about to die.  He’s 46 years old and a father of six.  I wonder if you have – he’s under administrative detention with no charge.  I wonder if you have anything to say about this particular case and if you have something to say about the principle of administrative detentions practiced by Israelis – by the Israeli authorities sometimes that go on for years.  Thank you, sir. SECRETARY POMPEO:  I don’t want to comment on a particular fact pattern or particular case other than to say we have had long conversations about this set of issues.  This is not new, this set of concerns.  We have consistently made clear that Israel has the right to defend itself and make the appropriate decisions it needs to make for its own security, and we’ll continue to defend that. MS ORTAGUS:  Amber. QUESTION:  Good morning, Secretary.  Thank you. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yes, hi. QUESTION:  Multiple former intelligence officials as well as U.S. ambassadors have stated publicly that they think the recent stories about Hunter Biden and his emails are the products of Russian disinformation.  However, the DNI, FBI, and DOJ have all said they have not seen intelligence stating that that’s the case.  Does the State Department concur with their assessment? SECRETARY POMPEO:  When I was the CIA director, I always preferred that people defer to the Intelligence Community about matters best known to them.  I saw DNI Ratcliffe’s statement.  I have every reason to believe he’s got it exactly right. QUESTION:  Thanks. MS ORTAGUS:  Will. QUESTION:  Thank you so much.  Another political issue, it seems, is the email search for Hillary Clinton’s emails, and we were just wondering what are those emails that you’re looking for, who is releasing them, and when they’ll be released.  You’ve said before it would be before the election. SECRETARY POMPEO:  What I said is we’d continue to do the work that we have done for an awfully long time, and we’ll produce them when they are prepared to be produced.  And I’ve been at this – this is the 17th time I’ve been asked this question and I’m going to give you the same answer I gave the previous 16. MS ORTAGUS:  Michel. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Happy to take the 18th if you’d like. QUESTION:  Thank you, Mr. Secretary.  I have two questions, one on Sudan.  When should we expect Sudan to be removed from the list of state sponsors of terrorism, and is this step related to Sudan normalizing with Israel?  And second, can you comment on the visit that Mr. Patel made to Syria to release two American citizens, and have you made any progress, and is the U.S. ready to withdraw from Syria as a price for this release? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Look, when we work on prisoner issues, this is something that we focus on.  We compartmentalize that.  Our ask is that the Syrians release Mr. Tice, they tell us what they know.  They have chosen not to do that so far.  We’ll continue to work for the return not only of Austin, but of every American that’s held.  We’re not going to change American policy to do that.  As the President said clearly, we don’t pay for the return of hostages.  We work to make the case that they need to get these people returned, and that is our expectation of every country, not only Syria, but all the Americans who are held in Iran.  Every place we find them, we work diligently, and we’ve had enormous success. Your first question was about Sudan.  I don’t know the precise timing, but we are – we have begun the process to lift the designation of state sponsorship of terror.  It’s the right thing to do.  There’s been a lot of work done on this over the course of the first three years of the administration.  We believe there is a firm legal basis for doing that, and we think that there will be enormous bipartisan consensus that that’s the right to do. We also are continuing to work to get every nation to recognize Israel, the rightful Jewish homeland, and to acknowledge their basic fundamental right to exist as a country.  That certainly includes Sudan.  And we are working diligently with them to make the case for why that’s in the Sudanese Government’s best interest to make that sovereign decision.  We hope that they’ll do that.  We hope that they’ll do that quickly.  We hope every country will do that quickly. MS ORTAGUS:  Yuni. QUESTION:  Thank you.  So I have two questions.  First is:  What do you expect to accomplish during this – your visit to Indonesia?  And the second is:  What do you think about Indonesia’s rejection to U.S. proposal to allow maritime surveillance planes to land and refuel there?  And this proposal is – looks like similar with Pentagon report that China wants to have that base for military logistics in Indonesia.  So is there any connection with that?  Is it that this U.S. proposal is trying to push China away from Indonesia? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Well, for the specifics, I’ll defer to the Department of Defense about their conversation about particular military issues.  I – Secretary Esper will be traveling with me to India but not along with me to Indonesia, but I am confident – he hosted the Indonesian defense minister, I think it was last week, here in the United States.  But it’s no surprise that the United States firmly believes that it is in Southeast Asia, and that certainly includes the entire swath all the way down to Southcentral Asia, that it’s in their best interest to ensure that their sovereignty is protected against the continued efforts to encroach upon their basic rights – their maritime rights, their sovereign rights, their ability to conduct business in the way that they want to inside of their country that the Chinese Communist Party continues to threaten. So I’m confident we’ll talk about that set of issues on my trip, but there are important things that I want to go see both my counterpart as well as the Indonesian president to discuss where I am very confident.  There are commercial issues, security issues, and diplomatic issues where the United States has already improved the relationship between the countries, but there’s more that we can do.  I know the Indonesians share our desire to make sure there’s a free and open Indo-Pacific, and we want to make sure they know they have a capable, willing partner in the United States of America. QUESTION:  Can you answer also — MS ORTAGUS:  I’m sorry.  Let’s go to the next one.  Nike. QUESTION:  Thank you.  Good morning and thank you. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Hi. QUESTION:  Hi.  On Armenia and Azerbaijan, what would you – what do you hope to achieve from your meetings on Friday with the foreign ministers with – from Armenia and Azerbaijan?  Will the United States broker another ceasefire?  And separately, if I may, on Taiwan and China.  Does the United States oppose unilateral change of the status quo in the Taiwan Strait as Chinese airplanes increasingly fly into Taiwan’s airspace, and what are your thoughts about a strategic clarity to deter a potential Chinese invasion?  Thank you. SECRETARY POMPEO:  I don’t have anything new to announce with respect to our desires and hopes for Taiwan, and our expectation is that the Chinese Communist Party will live up to the commitments that they have made.  It always comes back to this with the Chinese Communist Party: They’ve made promises, they’ve made commitments to the world.  We’ve seen them break them just about everywhere.  Right, we saw the promises they broke to the people of Hong Kong.  We saw the promise they made to President Obama that they wouldn’t put weapons systems in the South China Sea.  They turned around and built out.  I could go through the list of things that they have promised to do.  They have promised to make available to the world enough information so that we could figure out how the heck the Wuhan virus got out, and they have continued. I spoke earlier this week with the two chairs of the organization that will be conducting the investigation, and I must say I am not hopeful that there will be a full forensic review of what actually took place there and how now hundreds of thousands of deaths and trillions of dollars’ worth of wealth have been destroyed by the Chinese Communist Party to hide what it was they were doing, and why it was the case they locked down Wuhan but continued to allow flights to travel out of China, and what actually did happen in that lab. These are important questions that the world is entitled to know the answer to, and the Chinese Communist Party continues to break the most fundamental commitments they made to the World Health Organization that said there’s a set of rules – they’re called the IHR, the International Health Regulations – and we’ll comply with them, and yet they continue as we sit here today to break that promise. So as for Taiwan, our policy hasn’t changed.  I hope that the Chinese Communist Party will choose to honor its commitments as well. Your first question was about what I hope to accomplish when I meet with the foreign ministers of Azerbaijan and Armenia on Friday.  You referred to will we broker another ceasefire, suggesting that the previous commitments to ceasefire didn’t work.  It’s a complicated situation on the ground.  It’s a complicated diplomatic situation.  And our view remains, as does the view of nearly every European country, that the right path forward is to cease the conflict, tell them to de-escalate, that every country should stay out, provide no fuel for this conflict, no weapons systems, no support, and it is at that point that a diplomatic solution that would be acceptable to all can potentially be achieved.  That’s what I – that’s what I’ll talk to them about on Friday and I’m anxious to hear from them what they’re seeing on the ground and how we might get closer to what it is we think is not only in the United States’ best interest, but in each of their countries’ best interest as well. I’ve got time for one more. MS ORTAGUS:  Okay.  Francesco. QUESTION:  Thank you. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Hi, how are you, sir? QUESTION:  I am good, thank you.  I wanted to ask you about injuries, afflictions that are experiencing some U.S. diplomats in Cuba, and – but also in China.  And some of those in China are saying that the administration has been covering up these cases.  What is your response to that, and what is the State Department doing for the protection of diplomats, of its diplomats?  And why didn’t you crack down on China over harming U.S. diplomats as you did on – like the administration did on Cuba? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yeah, that question is kind of like, “When did you stop beating your wife?”  Right?  (Laughter.)  Right? Look, the reality is, is that many of the facts you just laid out there are wrong.  I don’t have a lot more to add to this.  I’ve been working on this problem set for – personally – for a long time.  We, every day, every day, work to make sure that our diplomats, wherever they are stationed, are safe and healthy and protected.  And when something happens to them, we take care of their medical needs and we work to eliminate the risk and impose costs on those who may well have taken action to create that. That happened in every case with respect to every one of the incidents that you described there.  It happened in every country around the world.  There were no politics attached to this.  The suggestion somehow is that we didn’t protect our officers because of some larger political objective.  That is patently false, patently.  It’s patently false, clearly false, unambiguously false.  I emphasize this because this is really important.  We don’t want any country around the world to think for a moment that they can do something, and we won’t take serious action.  I don’t want any of the people that work for me for a moment to think that we won’t do everything necessary to reduce the risk and, as best we can, protect them in every place they go.  We’ll never defer to a political situation in order to – and sacrifice the safety not only of State Department officials but all of those who work in our embassies all across the world.  We’ve got people from nearly every agency working in our operations all across the globe, and it’s important that our team understand that, and every country understand that as well. I’m following these incidents.  We’ve tracked them closely.  We’ve done a lot of work to try and identify how this all took place.  And we continue to try and determine precisely the causation of this while doing our best to make sure we’re taking care of the health and safety of these people, and if there are real medical conditions, making sure that they are completely and thoroughly addressed as well. QUESTION:  Can you just update us — MS ORTAGUS:  Nick, no. QUESTION:  — on what you know precisely of what these injuries are and if there is any implication of foreign actors?  What’s the status of what you know now? SECRETARY POMPEO:  Yeah.  I don’t want to add anything here.  It is a complicated – it’s a very complicated situation and there is not yet any complete U.S. Government analysis which definitively tells us precisely how these all came to be, whether they’re part of a single cohort.  It’s a very complicated situation.  We have – there are multiple theories, and you should know there are significant U.S. Government resources now, what, three-plus years on, devoted to getting to the bottom of this and then holding those responsible accountable should we determine that that’s required. MS ORTAGUS:  Thanks, everyone. SECRETARY POMPEO:  Great.  Thanks, everybody.  Thank you all.  Have a good day.

美国东部夏令时间2023年3月17日凌晨12:01 安东尼·J·布林肯国务卿 我代表美利坚合众国，祝愿爱尔兰人民和世界各地所有庆祝圣帕特里克节的人节日快乐、身体健康。 圣帕特里克节让我们有机会弘扬有“翡翠岛”之称的爱尔兰的丰富传统和文化，同时让我们有机会回顾我们两国之间的伙伴关系和我们人民之间的友谊。美国和爱尔兰在各个领域密切合作，我们对自由、民主和人权的共同热爱将我们两国紧密联系在一起。我们两国之间的经济关系是牢固的，我们的贸易和投资不断增长。同时，我们共同努力应对威权的威胁，加强全球卫生安全，促进共同繁荣，并打造绿色未来。 今年，我们期待着纪念《贝尔法斯特协议》（Good Friday Agreement）签署25周年。该协议帮助北爱尔兰人民缔造了一个更加和平与繁荣的未来。 将美国和爱尔兰联系在一起的纽带是牢不可破的，而且我们坚信这些纽带在未来数年会继续发展，变得更加强有力。我在此送上对一个快乐和充满希望的圣帕特里克节的最美好的祝愿。

PRESS STATEMENT ANTONY J. BLINKEN, SECRETARY OF STATE MARCH 17, 2023 On behalf of the United States of America, I wish the people of Ireland, and all those celebrating around the world, a happy and healthy St. Patrick’s Day. St. Patrick’s Day is an opportunity to celebrate the Emerald Isle’s rich heritage and culture and reflect on the partnership between our countries and friendship between our people.  The United States and Ireland cooperate closely in every sphere, bound by our shared love of freedom, democracy, and human rights.  Economic ties between our countries are strong, with growing trade and investment, and we work together to respond to authoritarian threats, strengthen global health security, increase shared prosperity, and build a green future. This year, we look forward to commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Belfast/Good Friday Agreement that helped create a more peaceful and prosperous future for the people of Northern Ireland. The ties that bind the United States and Ireland are strong, and we are confident they will grow even stronger in the years ahead. I extend my best wishes for a joyful and hopeful St. Patrick’s Day.

美国国务院 发言人办公室 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区 迈克尔·蓬佩奥国务卿的声明 特朗普政府（Trump Administration）已发挥主导作用，引起全世界对中国共产党在新疆极其恶劣地践踏人权的关注，而且我们已采取行动来支持我们的言词。今天，美国海关和边境保护局（U.S. Customs and Border Protection）针对在中华人民共和国生产的特定商品发出了五项新的暂扣令（Withhold Release Orders），以此继续这种一贯努力。 暂扣令禁止使用强迫劳动生产的商品进口到美国。在发出这些暂扣令后，海关和边境保护局将扣押全部或部分使用强迫劳动或监狱劳动生产的商品货物，依照美国海关法规，禁止这类商品进口到美国。这些禁令显示出全世界将不会容忍中华人民共和国在新疆践踏维吾尔人以及其他穆斯林少数群体成员的人权的行径，其中包括对个人实施强迫劳动，并剥夺他们选择以何种方式以及在何处工作的自由和能动性。 最新发出的暂扣令侧重于包括棉花、服饰、电脑零部件以及毛发制品在内的产品。这些行动向中华人民共和国发出了一个明确的讯息：现在是结束其国家支持的强迫劳动行径，并尊重全体人民的人权的时候了。

PRESS STATEMENT MICHAEL R. POMPEO, SECRETARY OF STATE SEPTEMBER 14, 2020 The Trump Administration has led the world in calling attention to the Chinese Communist Party’s egregious human rights abuses in Xinjiang, and we’ve taken action to back up our rhetoric.  Today, we continue this record as the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) issued five new Withhold Release Orders (WRO) for certain goods produced in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). WROs prevent goods from being imported into the United States when made with forced labor.  Upon issuing these WROs, CBP will detain shipments of goods produced in whole or in part by forced labor or prison labor, preventing those goods from being imported into the United States, in line with U.S. customs laws.  These orders demonstrate that the world will not stand for the PRC’s human rights abuses against Uyghurs and members of other Muslim minority groups in Xinjiang, which include subjecting individuals to forced labor and stripping them of their freedom and agency to choose how and where they work. The recently issued WROs focus on products including cotton, apparel, computer parts, and hair products.  These actions send a clear message to the PRC that it is time to end its practice of state-sponsored forced labor and to respect the human rights of all people.

国防部长 1000国防五角大楼 华盛顿特区，20301-1000 2022年10月27日   [美利坚合众国2022年国防战略前言]   拜登总统指出，我们正处于一个“决定性的十年”，它充满地缘政治、技术、经济因素和环境的急剧变化。美国寻求的国防战略将确定国防部今后数十年的路线。国防部有责任向我们全体义务兵役部队和美国人民明示一幅清晰的图像，说明我们在未来的关键岁月里所面对的挑战——并且有责任为他们拿出推进我国防务和安全目标的明确和有力的战略。   《2022年国防战略》（2022 National Defense Strategy）阐述了国防部走向这个决定性十年的道路——从帮助保护美国人民，到促进全球安全、把握新的战略机会和实现并捍卫我们的民主价值观。这是国防部首次以综合方式开展战略评估——针对《国防战略》、《核态势评估报告》（Nuclear Posture Review）和《导弹防御评估报告》（Missile Defense Review）——以做到使我们的战略与资源密切衔接。《国防战略》指示国防部采取紧迫行动，保持和加强美国的威慑能力，将中华人民共和国作为国防部的步调挑战。《国防战略》也进一步说明面对俄罗斯的侵略我们将如何与北约盟国和伙伴巩固强大威慑力，同时减少和防备来自朝鲜、伊朗、暴力极端主义组织的威胁以及像气候变化这类跨国挑战。   中华人民共和国仍然是我们在今后数十年最重要的战略竞争对手。我的这一结论是基于中华人民共和国为重新塑造印太地区和国际体系以便使之符合其专制取向而采取的日益加剧的胁迫行动，同时基于对中华人民共和国所表明的意图及其军队的快速现代化与扩展的深刻觉察。正如拜登总统的《国家安全战略》（National Security Strategy）所指出，中华人民共和国是“唯一一个既有意图重塑国际秩序，而且也越来越有经济、外交、军事和技术力量这样做的国家”。   与此同时，俄罗斯对乌克兰的无端、无理和肆无忌惮的侵略突出展现了其不负责任的行为。针对俄罗斯攻击乌克兰所作出的反应也高度显示了一项基于我们的价值观和我们的强大军事实力连同盟国和伙伴的军事实力的战略所具有的重要作用。我们协力对俄罗斯的进攻作出了强有力和团结一致的反应，并证明了北约团结的力量。   在这些时刻，国防部不能一切照旧。《2022年国防战略》阐述了国防部将把目光放在我们的步调挑战上，而与此同时我们要驾驭这个迅速变化的世界上的其他挑战。它扩大了我在2021年“给部队的寄语”（Message to the Force）的内容，寄语当时强调将保卫国家、保护人民和通过团队的努力取得成功作为核心价值观。   我们的中心职责是发展、联合并协调我们的实力，使之取得最大效力。这是一体化威慑的核心，是《2022年国防战略》的一项核心内容。一体化威慑意味着运用国防部具备的一切手段，与美国政府的同级部门和与盟国及伙伴进行密切合作，确保使潜在的对手看清侵略行径的愚蠢。国防部将协调各项政策、投资和活动，使之共同致力于维护和加强威慑力——要对具体的竞争对手和挑战具有针对性，并在国防部内外协调与同步。   国防部还将时时刻刻开展大力声势，致力于获得和保持军事优势、对抗我们竞争对手严重形式的胁迫，并使我们竞争对手的军事准备复杂化。这种声势不是例行公事——它是有目的的努力，旨在使国防部的活动和投资同步，将重点与资源汇聚，使条件向有利于我们转变。通过这些声势，国防部将把精力集中于影响最严重的竞争对手活动，即如果不予应对，将在现在和将来危及我国的军事优势。   在我们采取这些步骤的同时，我们将采取紧迫行动，建设未来联合部队的持久优势，开展改革以加速部队发展，更快获得所需技术，并对国防部杰出的人才进行投资，他们是我们最宝贵的资源。   美国从来不畏惧竞争，我们不回避艰巨的挑战，尤其是当这关系到保障我们的国家利益和捍卫我国的价值观时。为迎接这一时刻，我们将调动我们的核心实力：我们有活力的、多元的和富于创新的社会；我们无与伦比的盟国和伙伴网络；以及我们武装部队了不起的男女志士。   我们生活在动荡的时代。但是我相信，国防部，通过与美国政府和我们全球的盟国与伙伴一道，立足于迎接这个关键十年挑战的有利之地。   劳埃德·奥斯汀[签字]   欲查看原稿内容: https://media.defense.gov/2022/Oct/27/2003103845/-1/-1/1/2022-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY-NPR-MDR.PDF 本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

October 27, 2022   President Biden has stated that we are living in a “decisive decade,” one stamped by dramatic changes in geopolitics, technology, economics, and our environment. The defense strategy that the United States pursues will set the Department’s course for decades to come. The Department of Defense owes it to our All-Volunteer Force and the American people to provide a clear picture of the challenges we expect to face in the crucial years ahead—and we owe them a clear and rigorous strategy for advancing our defense and security goals. The 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) details the Department’s path forward into that decisive decade—from helping to protect the American people, to promoting global security, to seizing new strategic opportunities, and to realizing and defending our democratic values. For the first time, the Department conducted its strategic reviews—the NDS, the Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) and Missile Defense Review (MDR)—in an integrated way, ensuring tight linkages between our strategy and our resources. The NDS directs the Department to act urgently to sustain and strengthen U.S. deterrence, with the People’s Republic of China (PRC) as the pacing challenge for the Department. The NDS further explains how we will collaborate with our NATO Allies and partners to reinforce robust deterrence in the face of Russian aggression while mitigating and protecting against threats from North Korea, Iran, violent extremist organizations, and transboundary challenges such as climate change. The PRC remains our most consequential strategic competitor for the coming decades. I have reached this conclusion based on the PRC’s increasingly coercive actions to reshape the Indo-Pacific region and the international system to fit its authoritarian preferences, alongside a keen awareness of the PRC’s clearly stated intentions and the rapid modernization and expansion of its military. As President Biden’s National Security Strategy notes, the PRC is “the only country with both the intent to reshape the international order, and, increasingly, the economic, diplomatic, military, and technological power to do so.” Meanwhile, Russia’s unprovoked, unjust, and reckless invasion of Ukraine underscores its irresponsible behavior. Efforts to respond to Russia’s assault on Ukraine also dramatically highlight the importance of a strategy that leverages the power of our values and our military might with that of our Allies and partners. Together, we have marshalled a strong, unified response to Russia’s attack and proven the strength of NATO unity. In these times, business as usual at the Department is not acceptable. The 2022 NDS lays out our vision for focusing the Defense Department around our pacing challenge, even as we manage the other threats of our swiftly changing world. It builds on my 2021 Message to the Force, which stressed as core values defending the nation, taking care of our people, and succeeding through teamwork. Our central charge is to develop, combine, and coordinate our strengths to maximum effect. This is the core of integrated deterrence, a centerpiece of the 2022 NDS. Integrated deterrence means using every tool at the Department’s disposal, in close collaboration with our counterparts across the U.S. Government and with Allies and partners, to ensure that potential foes understand the folly of aggression. The Department will align policies, investments, and activities to sustain and strengthen deterrence—tailored to specific competitors and challenges and coordinated and synchronized inside and outside the Department. The Department will also campaign day-to-day to gain and sustain military advantages, counter acute forms of our competitors’ coercion, and complicate our competitors’ military preparations. Campaigning is not business as usual—it is the deliberate effort to synchronize the Department’s activities and investments to aggregate focus and resources to shift conditions in our favor. Through campaigning, the Department will focus on the most consequential competitor activities that, if left unaddressed, would endanger our military advantages now and in the future. Even as we take these steps, we will act with urgency to build enduring advantages for the future Joint Force, undertaking reforms to accelerate force development, getting the technology we need more quickly, and making investments in the extraordinary people of the Department, who remain our most valuable resource. America has never been afraid of competition, and we do not shy away from tough challenges, especially when it comes to securing our national interests and defending our national values. To meet this moment, we will tap into our core strengths: our dynamic, diverse, and innovative society; our unmatched network of Allies and partners; and the tremendous men and women of our armed forces. We live in turbulent times. Yet, I am confident that the Department, along with our counterparts throughout the U.S. Government and our Allies and partners around the world, is well positioned to meet the challenges of this decisive decade.   Read the full National Defense Strategy (PDF 7.96M)

中国和美国之间的跨国领养仍然暂停。 有关更新，请单击此处。 有关跨国领养的最新信息，领养父母、领养机构、律师、社会工作者和被领养人请单击此处查看国务院领养网站。

Intercountry adoptions between the PRC and the United States remain suspended. For updates, please click here. For the latest information on intercountry adoptions for adopting parents, agencies, attorneys, social workers, and adoptees please click here to see the State Department Adoption website.     U.S. Consulate General Guangzhou’s adoptions unit issues all immigrant visas to adopted orphans from mainland China.  Please visit Adoption.state.gov to begin researching this multi-phase process. China is party to the Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Inter-country Adoption (Hague Adoption Convention). Therefore all adoptions between China and the United States must meet the requirements of the Convention and U.S. law implementing the Convention. Do not adopt or obtain legal custody of a child in China before a U.S. consular officer issues an “Article 5 Letter.” Our contact information is: Other Useful Links:   General Instructions and Affidavit form Center for Disease Control and Prevention Technical Instructions for Vaccinations, Tuberculosis, and Congenital Syphilis Center for Disease Control and Prevention Frequently Asked Questions for Adoptee Families Regarding Tuberculosis   The following are links to forms and instructions for adoption agency and prospective adoptive parent use: Non-Hague Adoptions Forms   1. Who is eligible to adopt a child from China? Please visit the Department of State’s website for Chinese adoptions. 2. Can I adopt a foreign-born orphan and bring him/her to the United States without involving the Citizen and Immigration Services? No, an orphan cannot legally immigrate to the United States without Citizen and Immigration Services processing. 3. What if we were Chinese citizens at the time of the adoption and only recently became U.S. citizens? If you completed a domestic adoption in China prior to becoming a U.S. citizen, you will need to file an immigration petition for your child with the Department of Homeland Security’s Citizen and Immigration Services (USCIS). 4. What kind of information about myself and my spouse will I, as the petitioner, need to provide to the Department of Homeland Security, Citizen and Immigration Services (USCIS)? For detailed information regarding the Citizen and Immigration Services’ initial I-800A petition process, visit USCIS’ Hague Process. 5. I have many questions about the FBI’s fingerprinting procedures in the Adoption Application Process, including is my fingerprint clearance valid when I have my immigrant visa interview? Your fingerprint clearance files expire 15 months after the date that Citizen and Immigration Services received a response from the FBI, which is approximately 15 months from the date the FBI fingerprinted you.  Citizen and Immigration Services prints the validity of fingerprint clearances on the notice of approval for the I-800A and the I-800. Please visit Citizen and Immigration Services fingerprint processing for further information. 6. How do I find out about the Status of My Application? Please contact the Citizen and Immigration Services office that received your application. Visit the Citizen and Immigration Services’ Find a USCIS Office page for contact information. 7. When can I come to China to pick up my child? Adoptive parents may travel to China as soon as the China Center for Children’s Welfare and Adoption (CCCWA) sends a travel permission letter to your adoption agency. The Chinese government requires all adoptive parents to work with an approved adoption agency. 8. I have received a travel permission letter. Can I leave immediately to pick up my child? When you decide to pick up your child is your decision and should be coordinated with your agency. However, your child cannot go to the United States without an immigrant visa. This requires an immigrant visa interview at U.S. Consulate Guangzhou. Before coming to China, prospective adoptive parents should work with their adoption agencies to schedule an immigrant visa interview with U.S. Consulate Guangzhou’s Adopted Children’s Immigrant Visa Unit. When you or your agency submits an appointment request, please include five realistic appointment dates. We will schedule your appointment of the first available of the five dates. All appointments are scheduled on a first-come, first-serve basis. We do not reserve certain days for children of certain ages or medical conditions. We understand that plans change and occasionally an agency will need to request that the date or time of an appointment be changed, but we ask that you limit these requests to cases that are true emergencies.   Please understand that if your agency cancels or changes an appointment, we may have already turned down other agencies’ and families’ requests for an appointment on that date.  Frequent requests to change appointment times hinder our ability to accommodate other families’ preferences and travel plans. You should not finalize travel plans until you or your agency has received confirmation of your appointment from the adoptions unit in writing. Failure to secure an appointment in advance of your travel to China may result in a delay in China for several days or longer, particularly during busy periods. 9. My spouse and I are both adopting but only one of us can come to China. Is this a problem? No, this is not a problem. The non-traveling spouse should work with the adoption agency to ensure that all forms, signatures, and proper power of attorneys are prepared in advance for the traveling spouse. Under the Hague Adoption Convention, your child will receive an IH3 visa regardless of whether one or two parents travel to China. Please consult adoption.state.gov, your adoption agency, and/or USCIS about procedures required to finalize your child’s adoption and for your child to obtain U.S. citizenship. 10. How long do I need to wait until I receive my child’s immigrant visa? The US Consulate in Guangzhou requires a minimum of two working days to process immigrant visas for adopted children. Parents are strongly advised to keep this processing time in mind when booking return travel to the United States. Expedites for visa return for critical medical situations that require immediate travel to the United States will be handled on a case by case basis. You or your adoption agency are encouraged to contact the Consulate prior to the visa interview so that we can work in advance to facilitate more immediate travel. We will require a physician’s note explaining the type of emergency care needed. 11. How can I know if I am required to submit a home study addendum and/or an updated approval notice? If major household changes have occurred since the parent’s I-800A or I-600A petition approval, such as changes in employment or residence, number of people living in the family’s residence, members of family over 15 years of age, finances, and/or the family is adopting a special needs child but was approved for a child with no special needs, the family is required to submit a home study amendment to USCIS, who will then update the approval for the family.  Please visit USCIS’ Home Study Information page for details.  As the process of getting an updated approval may take a week or more, families and adoptions agencies are urged to submit home study amendments to USCIS as soon as possible to prevent delays in the visa issuance of the child. 12. If I am a U.S. citizen, will the child I adopt automatically become a citizen too? The Child Citizenship Act (CCA) declares that children who are younger than 18 years of age and have at least one parent who is a U.S. citizen, whether by birth or naturalization, will acquire automatic citizenship if the child has received an IH3 and the parents live in the United States. Expat families please see our Frequently Asked Questions While Living Overseas below. 13. Will my adopted child have dual citizenship? We strongly advise that your child no longer travel on his or her Chinese passport after he or she enters the United States. As your child is expected to acquire U.S. citizenship, China will likely no longer recognize your child’s Chinese citizenship. Accordingly, we strongly recommend that you obtain a U.S. passport for your child’s future travels. Should your child visit China in the future, your child will be required to present his or her original Chinese passport to the Chinese Embassy or Consulate for cancellation before a visa will be issued. Also, please note that Chinese passport holders are subject to different visa requirements than U.S. passport holders. 14. How do I apply for my child’s U.S. passport once we’ve returned to the United States? According to the provisions of the Child Citizenship Act of 2000, most recipients of an IH3 visa become citizens of the United States the moment an official at a U.S. border stamps their passport. (See Frequently Asked Questions While Living Oversees for exceptions.) You can therefore take your child’s Chinese passport that contains the IH3 visa and the U.S. admittance stamp to any passport agency to apply for a U.S. passport. In order to receive the child’s passport, you will need: (1) Evidence of the child’s relationship to a U.S. citizen parent (a certified copy of the final adoption decree); (2) the child’s foreign passport with Citizen and Immigration Services’ I-551 stamp or the child’s resident alien card; and (3) the parent’s valid identification. 15. The medical reports I received for my child state the child has chronic coughing. I am worried my child may have TB. I have heard children with TB have delays in receiving their visas. What can I do while in the United States to avoid visa issuance delays once we’re in China? All immigrant visa applicants are required to undergo a medical examination with a panel physician, whose report will determine whether or not the child has any medical reasons for not receiving a visa. The consulate bases any visa medical ineligibilities on this report, not on any other medical reports. If the panel physician’s medical examination determines the child is suspected of having TB, the child will need to undergo further testing and possible treatment before being cleared to receive an immigrant visa. While it is understandable to want to avoid delays while in China, no specific measures can be taken in advance of the family’s traveling to China until the child’s medical situation is determined by a panel physician.  However, if the child has already been diagnosed with TB and is currently receiving TB treatment, the family should contact the consulate at GuangzhouA@state.gov for specific guidance. 16. We are adopting a teenage child about to turn 14. What, if anything, can be done to expedite the paperwork for this child? The Civil Code of PRC permits the adoption of children up to and including age 17 (before the 18th birthday). Usually, the Hague Convention and orphan adoption processing requires months for appropriate approvals to be completed. The consulate is willing to expedite its own internal processes, but cannot estimate the amount of time USCIS and CCCWA will require to finish their own processes. Families planning on adopting a teenage child should keep in mind the months that may be required to complete the paperwork.     1. How do I begin to adopt if I already live overseas? Prospective adoptive families must use an agency that is both U.S. Hague accredited and a CCCWA-licensed agency for all steps in the intercountry adoption process.  Your adoption agency can walk you through the steps to adopt, which are the same for U.S citizens living inside or outside of the United States. 2. What type of U.S. visa should I pursue for my adopted child? If adopting parents currently live outside of the United States, their child may not automatically acquire U.S. citizenship upon arrival in the United States. For more information on the Child Citizenship Act of 2000, please see the Department of State’s website for intercountry adoption. Children adopted by U.S. citizens who currently reside overseas and who intend to continue residing overseas may apply for a nonimmigrant visa. This application can be submitted after adopting parents have completed their child’s adoption in accordance with the requirements of the Hague Convention. Please note this application is dependent upon receipt of an approved U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) appointment for expeditious naturalization. Your child’s appointment for expeditious naturalization must be completed in the United States. You should be prepared to present proof of your pending appointment to the consular officer conducting your child’s nonimmigrant visa interview. Information on filing an N-600K to obtain this approval is available at USCIS’s website. U.S. citizens currently residing overseas, and who intend to take up residence in the United States upon their adopted child’s entry to the United States, should apply for an immigrant visa.   Please note than an immigrant visa application does require a U.S.-based address. Adopting parents are encouraged to contact the U.S. Consulate in Guangzhou with any questions regarding the type of visa they should apply for their child. 3. Can my child travel back and forth into the United States with an immigrant visa? No.  Your child can only enter the United States one time with an IH-3 visa.  We highly recommend that before you leave the U.S. you obtain your child’s U.S. passport. 4. We are living overseas on official U.S. Government orders. Do we need to complete the expeditious naturalization process? No, if you are living overseas on assignment with the U.S. Government you are considered a legal resident of the United States and your adopted child traveling on an IH-3 visa will automatically acquire U.S. citizenship upon admission at the port of entry. For additional questions on overseas resident adoptions please email our office at GuangzhouA@state.gov.

2023年7月8日   北京——今天，美国财政部长珍妮特·L·耶伦与中华人民共和国副总理何立峰举行了介绍性会晤并共进晚餐，以在拜登总统和习主席指导的基础上，加深主要高级官员之间在宏观经济问题上的互动。这次会晤是坦诚、建设性和全面的。在提出关切问题的同时，耶伦部长讨论了本届政府寻求与中国进行健康的经济竞争、为美国劳工和企业提供公平竞争环境的做法。双方还就全球和国内宏观经济前景交换了意见。耶伦部长还表示，即便在美国和中国有分歧的时候，至关重要的是两国在双方共同关切及全球关切的问题上——包括低收入和新兴经济体的债务困境和气候融资——找到共同努力的方法。

BEIJING – Secretary of the Treasury Janet L. Yellen today had an introductory meeting and dinner with Vice Premier of the People’s Republic of China He Lifeng to build on President Biden and President Xi’s guidance to deepen engagement between key senior officials on macroeconomic issues. The meeting was candid, constructive, and comprehensive. While raising issues of concern, Secretary Yellen discussed the Administration’s approach to seek healthy economic competition with China, with a level playing field for American workers and businesses. They also exchanged views on global and domestic macroeconomic outlooks. Secretary Yellen also conveyed that even when the United States and China have disagreements, it is vital that the two countries find ways to work together on issues of shared – and global – concern, including debt distress in low-income and emerging economies and climate finance. ###

American Football League of China All-Stars 宾州大学最终以85-0战胜中国橄榄球精英队，2019年的“大使碗”持续了一周时间。这场历史性的比赛吸引了3,200名观众，也是常春藤联盟学校第一次在中国举办橄榄球比赛。 上海美领馆新闻文化处与宾州大学合作，将150年的大学橄榄球文化联系到美中建交40周年，体育文化一直是双边关系不可或缺的一部分。上海美领馆新闻文化处就此活动制作了一个视频，其中包括谭森总领事以及宾大橄榄球教练和讲中文的美国球员就这次活动的评论。在最初的24小时内，该视频获得了11,000次观看，4次转发，3次评论和15次评论。该团队对中国进行为期8天的访问体现了体育外交的基本精神，重点是扩大思想交流，建立人民之间的桥梁。点击这里观看该视频

Despite the final lopsided 85-0 win for the U-Penn Quakers over the American Football League of China All-Stars, the 2019 Ambassadors Bowl capped off a week of sports diplomacy. The historic game, which drew a capacity crowd of 3,200, marked the first time for an Ivy League school to play a game of football on the gridiron in China. PAS Shanghai worked with the visit organizer to brand the event, linking 150 years of college football to 40th anniversary of U.S.-China diplomatic relations.  PAS Shanghai facilitated the inclusion of Special Olympic athletes from nearby schools in a two-hour sports clinic that preceded the game. We further produced a video to feature on consulate social media platforms, featuring CG Stein as well as the U-Penn coach and players, including a Chinese-speaking outside linebacker. In the initial 24-hour period, the video garnered 11,000 views, four reposts, three comments, and 15 likes. The team’s eight-day visit to China embodied the fundamental spirit of public diplomacy, with an emphasis on broadening minds and creating a bridge between peoples. Click here to watch the video

指纹/生物信息采集 生物信息/指纹采集通常根据申请人的记录地址安排在应用支持中心（ASC）。如果您属于以下类别之一，我们可能会收集您的生物信息/指纹： 但是，如果您属于这些类别之一，您必须 联系  DHS-USCIS 以确定您是否有资格在该办公室获取生物识别信息并安排预约。 你应该提供：： 其他类别：在极少数情况下，国际办事处的外地办事处主任可以自行决定收集原计划在美国进行的生物信息采集。在决定是否在国际外地办事处收集生物信息时，外地办事处主任必须考虑资源限制。关于谁可以在我们的办公室请求收集生物信息，请查看以下网站： https ： //www.uscis.gov/about-us/find-uscis-office/international-offices/china-uscis-guangzhou-field-office （向下至“指纹收集”）。外地办事处主任只会在极少数情况下批准请求。

Biometric/fingerprint collection is usually scheduled at an Application Support Center (ASC) based on the applicant’s address of record.  If you fall into one of the following categories, we may be able to collect your biometrics/fingerprints: However, if you fall into one of these categories, you must contact DHS-USCIS Guangzhou in advance to make a determination as to whether you are eligible to have your biometrics captured at this office and to schedule an appointment.  You should provide: All Others: In rare circumstances, field office directors at international offices may use their discretion to collect biometrics that were initially scheduled to be taken in the United States. When deciding whether to collect biometrics at an international field office, the field office director must take into account resource constraints.  For information about who may request collection at our office, please review the following website: https://www.uscis.gov/about-us/find-uscis-office/international-offices/china-uscis-guangzhou-field-office (scroll down to “Fingerprint Collection”). Field office directors will only approve requests in rare circumstances.