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The Inverythan rail accident occurred when a faulty girder collapsed on a 39 ft by 15 ft single-track railway underbridge between Auchterless and Fyvie. The engine of the freight/passenger train (5 loaded wagons, 4 carriages) crossed safely, but most of the train fell into the gap onto a road below. A simple vertical crack with a freshly fractured surface and old rust marks on the face was easily distinguished to the side of the centre joint, extending from the bottom flange to the top of the girder. This was associated with a casting defect hidden behind a surface skin of sound metal at the thickest part of the section where the flanges met the web. This was described by the accident report as a large honeycomb, or drawhole, which measured 3½ ins (c 90 mm) across at the face, and narrowed to about l½ ins (c 40 mm). inside , 2⅜ ins (c 60 mm) in extreme depth and 6ins (c 150 mm). in extreme length, extending inwards and downwards ...but not within 1 ½ ins of the outer face of the joint flange. The total capacity of the hole, measured by filling it with water, was 15 ½ cubic inches (about 250 ml) and, as the metal immediately round the hole was not sound, this amount does not measure the actual extent of the flaw. There were other signs of poor foundry practice when the girder had been cast; honeycombing elsewhere, a cold shut (incomplete fusion between different streams of filling metal), and residual stresses in the girder web (as a consequence of which, when sample cores were being drilled for testing, the web (but not the flanges) fractured along the line of holes. Whilst the metal appeared to be of good quality to the naked eye, the tested tensile strength of the metal varied widely from the lowest of ~4.5 tsi (c 70 MPa) (close to the honeycombing) with a mean of 7.5 tsi (c 115 MPa). The accident report says that the girder if sound would have had a breaking strength of 80 tons and concludes that the theoretical strength of the girder was ‘above but only just above’ the Board of Trade requirement (live load x 6 + dead load x 3) (However this appears inconsistent with the figures quoted by the report for dead weight (21 ton shared between 2 girders) and live load (21 ton shared between two girders)) The actual strength fell below this because of the casting defect; "The sectional area of the bottom flange would at one place be reduced from 36 (sq) ins to only 28 (sq) ins, thus enormously reducing the strength of the girder" It was considered that the fault could not have been detected by routine inspections, so no blame attached to those responsible for inspecting the bridge, but this conclusion gave the BoT inspector considerable concern For, if one such girder, which was of sufficient theoretical strength when cast, and which, being in constant use for 25 years, had never shown any signs of weakness or any outward flaw, suddenly breaks down, owing to a defect which must have existed when it was originally made, and laid latent ever since, it is very difficult to know what steps should be taken to guard against the recurrence of a like disaster. The railway's 8 bridges with similar double structure were replaced as quickly as possible, and a warning was circulated to all British railways with similar cast iron under-bridges. Little further action was taken until the 1891 Norwood Junction rail accident of a first class train which injured 1 businessman because of a cast iron girder fracture from a latent defect.

Wintario was the first lottery game offered by the Ontario Lottery Corporation in Ontario, Canada. Beginning in May 1975, Wintario, Ontario's flagship lottery was born. Conceived by Ontario's Progressive Conservative Government, Wintario came from an idea that it could raise money for worthwhile community recreational projects from which the province could benefit. The first draw was held from the Ontario Science Centre in Toronto on May 15, 1975 and broadcast on television with Fred Davis and Charlie Farquharson, Don Harron's alter ego. He came up with Wintario's first button presser selected from the audience. It was decided that Wintario draw its winning numbers in communities that the Ministries of Tourism and Recreation and Citizenship and Culture helped through lottery funds. The next nine Wintario draws were not televised, but took place in communities such as Plantagenet, Wallaceburg, Bracebridge, Oakville and St. Catharines, to name a few. In October 1975, in Sault Ste. Marie, the draw began broadcasting on the Global Television Network, hosted initially by Fred Davis and Faye Dance. Greg Beresford replaced Davis when he retired in October 1980. Replacement co-hosts for Dance and Beresford were Pam Henry and CHFI-FM's Sandy Hoyt. Bill Lawrence also filled in during the early 1980s. The Ontario Lottery Corporation had so many requests from towns to host the draw show that many waited for an arena to be built so that Wintario could visit. Draws were held in high schools, theatres, arenas, community centres, and odd places. For instance, one draw was held in a barn in Varna in 1986. Another draw was held on the MS Chi-Cheemaun ferry docked at Tobermory in the summer of 1984. Wintario went to festivals, centennial celebrations and openings of new arenas, launched the annual Ontario plowing matches each fall, kicked off fiddle and step dancing competitions, and celebrated Ontario's bicentennial celebrations in 1984. Wintario during summer months did draws from outdoor sites in Niagara Falls, Kingston, and Barrie. Both Toronto's Canadian National Exhibition and Ottawa's SuperEX were lucky to have hosted Wintario annually to launch their respective summer fairs. Special one-hour "Yours to Discover Ontario" draws were held often, in which two separate winning numbers were drawn for special weekend getaway packages at Ontario Resorts. Those draws showcased regions of Ontario to boost tourism. Wintario had many draw formats over its 15-year lifespan. During a live draw, hosts' opening remarks would let viewers know where they were coming from, why they were there. It was 30 minutes of free publicity for the town. A community video would show the town, depicting what the people were like, community history, landmarks, and thanking each place for hosting them. Each host community was given a commemorative "Wintario" plaque as a thank-you gift from the Ontario Lottery Corporation. Another segment would show a lottery-funded grant at work in some Ontario town. Wintario Grants funded nearly every Ontario recreation centre, arena, theatre, art gallery, museum, or local non-profit group. At one point, if a group never applied for a lottery funded grant, the question was "why not"? Wintario in 1975 was a bi-weekly draw that drew one winning ticket number. Tickets contained a five-digit number that ranged from 10000 to 99999, followed by a series number from one to 96. Based on previous weeks' ticket sales, the number of tickets issued varied depending on customer demand. Retailers often would run out of tickets, as Thursday night became known in Ontario as "Wintario Night". Commercials echoed, "Mondays we bowl, Thursdays we Wintario!" Wintario went weekly on November 29, 1979 and tickets became a six-digit number ranging from 000000 to 999999. Wintario draws then contained a 3-digit $10 draw, a 4-digit $100 draw, a 5-digit $1000 draw, four 6-digit draws for $25,000, a 6-digit draw worth $100,000 that could be broken down for subsidiary prizes by matching the last five, four or three digits. A 2-digit Win-fall number for free books of five Wintario tickets was also drawn. A show would end with hosts telling players how to claim their tax-free lottery prizes. They would also announce the location of the next live draw. In the spring of 1982 from St. Clements, Wintario began featuring a weekly Snowball Bonus in which 25 balls, 20 red and five white lettered balls were loaded into a seventh machine. If a red ball fell then they would draw a six-digit number for $1,000. If a white letter ball fell, then the six-digit number "snowballed" into a prize ranging from $50,000 to $500,000. On June 3, 1982, Wintario introduced a new format which featured a unique scramble draw in which lottery players could match six numbers in any order at all and win $50. The Mystery Bonus Wheel was also new and at first featured merchandise prizes like dishwashers, televisions, Coleman camping gear, flatware, a boat, $500 cash, and a car. The show's draw format changed too. The $25,000 prizes were replaced by two $10,000 draws. The grand prize for $100,000 stayed and could be broken down for smaller prizes. Wintario's format changed again on April 12, 1984 from Cornwall. Wintario now offered three $100,000 grand prize draws, a new top prize of $200,000, and the Mystery Bonus Wheel offered either $10,000 cash or a new car. The show had so many draws in a half-hour that pre-draws had to be done prior to air so that the show could allow the bigger prizes to be done live. Tickets issued now had a letter before the six-digit number. Players who matched the letter with the correct six digits would win the top prizes. The $200,000 now could be broken down by the first or last five, four or three digits. The final show format change was in April 1986. Wintario was condensed from having 12 draws to five draws in a half-hour. An instant scratch and win box was added to tickets. Players could win small $2 and $5 prizes. Symbols replaced the lettering system. Each six-digit ticket had either a diamond, circle, square or triangle. The top prize remained at $200,000. Every so often Wintario would hold bonus draws; some of those included a Christmas Shoppers Bonus Draw, a Giant Bonus Draw, a Whale of a Bonus Draw, Aloha Bonus, Car-razy Bonus, and the special "10 Winning Years Anniversary" bonus that kept players saving their Wintario ticket stubs for weeks. People in the audience were selected to press the button that activated each draw from the Ryo-Catteau lottery machines mixing on stage. Known as Wintario Button Pressers, it could be a festival mascot, a recent grand prize winner, a town crier, a performer from the town's pre-show, the mayor, or a member of Ontario's Provincial Parliament. The machines were manually loaded by three lottery staff introduced at the beginning of the show. Once loaded, Faye would instruct the machines needed to mix. Then she would send the proceedings out to the audience. The cohost would interview the "button presser" and ask them to press the button that activated the trap doors on the lottery machines. It then was a matter of waiting for a ball to come out of each machine. Only one ball was allowed to emerge. Sometimes a machine might take a couple of minutes to drop a ball. The integrity of the draw was monitored by a Montreal Trust officer. Each number was presented to the TV camera by a lottery staffer known as the "ball girl". Faye would announce each number until the proper number of digits needed were read. The machines were reloaded by the ball girl, and the same process would happen again. One memorable button presser was a man named Bob Thorton, who wished his parents in Huntsville good luck during the $100,000 draw. His parents watching from home won $100,000 from his button press on that very draw. In March 1983 from Cloyne, a 13-year-old girl in the audience named Paula Salmond won $100,000 at the live draw. She had bought the ticket at the door with her birthday money. She was numb when Greg asked her to press the button. A girl named Amy Wynn-Theriault (pronounced Wintario) was a guest on the 500th draw from Campbellford. Wintario was discontinued in 1990 as the lottery revenues would no longer go into grant projects, but instead into a general revenue fund. Therefore, Wintario could no longer say it helped the projects it once had. The final draw was held on January 4, 1990 in Sault Ste. A total of 647 draws from numerous towns, villages and cities across Ontario during the lottery's 15-year existence. It is estimated the lottery and Global Television crews had logged a distance equivalent to nine and a half times around the world just in Ontario. A Wintario Extra game was introduced after the last draw in 1990, and a new lottery show debuted on TV Ontario, hosted by Sandy Stahlbrand and Kevin Lund. Called "Ontario Lottery Live", it included all the Saturday draws and summarized the week's winning numbers for all lottery games. The show had no live audience and paled in comparison to Wintario's live show. "Ontario Lottery Live" only lasted two years. In 1995 the ticket price was $10; Wintario was retired a year later. In 1996, the Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation discontinued Wintario completely from its lottery line-up. In 2010, the OLG brought Wintario back as a $2 instant scratch game that was on the market for three months.

NHLPA Hockey '93 is a Sega Genesis and Super Nintendo Entertainment System ice hockey game developed by Park Place Productions and published by Electronic Arts Sports Network. It is the second installment of the NHL series and the first to be released for the Super NES. Although considered to be the second EA Sports NHL game, the game was not licensed by the NHL, however it did receive licensing permission from the NHLPA. Because of this all teams are referred to only by city with no use of the team name itself. Additionally, no NHL team logos or NHL emblems are seen anywhere in the game. The game features are a single-game exhibition mode and a playoff mode (single-elimination or best-of-7), wherein the winner collects a trophy similar to the Stanley Cup. The game includes mostly complete rosters and all 24 teams from the 1991-92 NHL season, including the expansion Tampa Bay Lightning and Ottawa Senators. The Genesis version also included EEPROM battery saving, which allowed one to save lines and the ongoing Playoff, rather than use passwords as in the Super NES version. "Computer Gaming World" approved of the game's use of real NHL hockey player names and teams, and concluded that it was "just about as realistic and detailed as one could hope a cartridge game to be ... two red and blistered thumbs up". In 2001, "Game Informer" ranked it the 20th best video game ever made. The staff praised the game's depth and strategy.

The Battle of Cholet was fought on 17 October 1793 during the French Revolutionary Wars, between French Republican forces under General Jean Léchelle and French Royalist Forces under Louis d'Elbée. The battle was fought in the town of Cholet in the Maine-et-Loire department of France, and resulted in a Republican victory. D’Elbée was wounded and captured; he was later executed by Republican troops in Noirmoutier. The Royalist insurgent, Charles Melchior Artus de Bonchamps, was fatally wounded in the battle. On the morning of 16 October 1793, the Vendéen army, beaten at the Battle of La Tremblaye, with neither ammunition nor artillery, had evacuated Cholet to take up positions in Beaupréau. The republican avant-garde, commanded by Beaupuy, entered in the town square by the south and moved through the town to settle on the high grounds north of the town. Kléber then deployed the remainder of his troops by positioning the divisions of Beaupuy and Haxo on the left flank of the château de La Treille, and those of Louis Vimeux on the right flank of the château de Bois-Grolleau. As for François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers, who had just been promoted general of brigade after the Battle of La Tremblaye, he occupied the center with general Marc Amand Élisée Scherb, in front of the Papinière moorland where the terrain was open. Kléber informed Jean Léchelle of the situation, who was the chief general of the Army of the West, and he approved. The military competencies of Léchelle were known to be null, most of the representatives had agreed to unofficially entrust the commandment to Kléber. That evening, the commissioners Pierre Bourbotte, René-Pierre Choudieu, Fayaud and Bellegarde arrived which brought the number of representatives in Cholet to seven considering Antoine Merlin de Thionville, Jean-Baptiste Carrier and Louis Marie Turreau were already there. The republican forces waited again for a reinforcement of 10,000 men of the general Alexis Chalbos before pushing further to the north and towards Beaupréau, but they arrived during the night. The republican generals met in a war counsel early on 17 October. Kléber offered to divide the army in three columns and to march to Saint-Florent-le-Vieil, Gesté and Beaupréau in order to surround the Vendéen army and cut it from the Loire and the road to Nantes. The strategy was approved by the generals from Mayenne, by Marceau and by Merlin de Thionville, however a few other representatives and officers, particularly Chalbos, were against it. Chalbos thought the troops were too tired and the other officers were against dividing the army. Kléber's plan was rejected and the counsel opted for an undivided march to Beaupréau. At Beaupréau, the Vendéen officers were as divided as the former during the war counsel held at noon on 16 October. Bonchamps offered to have his Breton soldiers pass the Loire to start an uprising in Brittany and get reinforcements. Talmont, d'Autichamp and Donissan wanted the whole army to go. On the other hand, d'Elbée, La Rochejaquelein and Stofflet refused to leave Vendée. As for Royrand, he wished to try to breach enemy lines by the west in order to meet with Charette's army. Finally, an attack on Cholet was decided and the army started its march. Nonetheless, Talmont was allowed to leave for Saint-Florent-le-Vieil with 4,000 men to take Varades. In early afternoon of 17 October, the Vendéen army regrouped and strong of 40,000 men started the offensive on republican lines north of Cholet. Rapidly it managed to push back Beaupuy's first lines to the Papinière moorlands. The Vendéens then burnt down the brooms, creating a huge amount of smoke which prevented the republican artillery from aiming correctly. The Vendéens advanced in formation like regular troops, in three tight lines, which contrasted with their regular tactic. La Rochejaquelein and Royrand commanded the right flank, d'Elbée and Bonchamps the middle, Stofflet and Marigny the left. Marceau's troops which were bombarded by the 22 Vendéen cannons and were clearly inferior in numbers were ready to fall. Kléber thus had the reserve troops intervene. Chalbos' troops and the 4,000 men of François Muller were sent to aid Marceau. Seeing the quantity of Vendéens who were advancing with determination, the arriving republican army fell back to Cholet creating great confusion. Carrier himself fled. At the same time in Bois-Grolleau, Vimeux and Scherb managed to hold against Stofflet and Marigny. In La Treille, Haxo and Beaupuy's troops were beaten against La Rochejaquelein and Royrand and pulled back to the faubourgs of Cholet. Kléber then joined this flank and regrouped a few battalions from his reserves, and the 109th infantry regiment, and ordered them to flank the Vendéen lines. The order was correctly executed and seeing this troop flank them the Vendéens thought a new republican army had arrived as reinforcements so a moment of hesitation spread in their ranks. Being subjected to the republican counter-attack, they managed to resist a little while, but facing the multiple charges of the troops of Kléber, Bard and Beaupuy, they panicked and fled. In the middle, Marceau placed his artillery behind his infantry. When the Vendéens attacked, Marceau had his infantry step back to reveal the cannons, which opened fire at the last moment, causing a huge number of losses among Vendéen soldiers. Surprised, the Vendéen middle line fled as well while the republican infantry counter-attacked. D'Elbée and Bonchamps knew victory was close so with a few hundred cavaliers and soldiers they tried to rally their troops. They didn't manage, and ended being encircled by the Republicans. D'Elbée and Bonchamps fell severely wounded practically at the same time. The last Vendéens fled taking their wounded officers with them. The escape became general and "to the Loire" cries could be heard. At Pontreau, the troops of Lyrot and Piron de La Varenne managed to intervene in time to secure the retreat of the Vendéen army to Beaupréau. Once at Beaupréau, the Vendéen generals decided it was best to leave, the entire army moved to Saint-Florent-le-Vieil in order to cross the Loire. The expedition of Talmont on Varades having easily succeeded, the entry to Brittany was free. Only d'Elbée, severely wounded, didn't follow the army. A small number of Vendéen soldiers took him west where to Charette's army where he could seek refuge at Noirmoutier. In the mean time, the republican army had returned to Cholet. Westermann who had stayed at Châtillon-sur-Sèvre during the battle wanted to pursue the Vendéens. Followed by the troops of Beaupuy and Haxo, he briefly fought the 8,000 strong Vendéen rear guard, but managed to reach Beaupréau. The town was deserted except for 400 wounded Vendéens who were killed as revenge of the massacre of republican wounded soldiers in the battle of Clisson. On 17 October and 18, small Vendéen boats went back and forth over the Loire to bring the Vendéen army to the other side, accompanied by tens of thousands of wounded, elderly, women and children. The Vendéens also had 4,000 to 5,000 republican prisoners who could not be transported across the river, and as such were at a loss to determine their fate. In her memoirs, Victoire de Donnissan de La Rochejaquelein said the officers all agreed to have them executed but none would dare give the order. The presence of republican prisoners caught the eye of the Vendéen soldiers who wanted to kill them to avenge their wounded generals and the ravages of the republican army. The general Charles de Bonchamps had been transported to a house in Saint-Florent-le-Vieil. Severely wounded, and was dying when he heard that the republican troops were to be executed. He ordered his second Charles de Beaumont d'Autichamp to prevent this from happening as his dying wish. D'Autichamp thus showed up and told the soldiers that the dying general wished that the prisoners be spared. Bonchamps was very popular amongst his soldiers, so they obeyed and the prisoners were set free. The republicans were celebrating after the victory at Cholet, certain that the war was definitively won and that the last Vendéens pushed off to the Loire would be easily destroyed. On 19 October at 3 in the morning, the first detachment of hussards of captain Hauteville (second to Westermann) entered an astonishingly deserted Saint-Florent-le-Vieil. All the Vendéens had managed to pass to the northern side of the Loire, which the republicans thought to be an impossible feat in such little time. Charles de Bonchamps had died 4 hours earlier and was buried at the Varades cemetery. The republican prisoners were found quickly and Merlin de Thionville wrote to the Committee of Public Safety that he had told the republican soldiers that they need not feel any recognition to the Vendéens, "enemies of the Nation", and hoped this episode would be forgotten in history. Contrary to republican hopes, the war was not over. A new campaign called the Virée de Galerne started, aiming to spread the uprising north of the Loire to Brittany and Maine.

Michael Paul Beasley, Jr. (born January 9, 1989) is an American professional basketball player of the National Basketball Association (NBA) who is currently a free agent. He played college basketball for Kansas State University for one year before declaring for the NBA draft in 2008. He is regarded as one of the best freshman college basketball players of the 2000s. Though ambidextrous, he shoots left-handed. Beasley was born in the Prince George's County town of Cheverly, Maryland. Beasley's mother Fatima Smith and his four siblings moved from nearby Montgomery County to Frederick in 2005 and lived there for one year. While growing up, Beasley played for one of the country's most successful AAU youth teams at the time, the PG Jaguars. Beasley won multiple national championships with this team alongside future fellow blue-chip recruits Kevin Durant (Texas) and Chris Braswell (Charlotte). Beasley later moved on to play AAU ball for DC Assault's 17 & Under team, playing alongside such players as future KSU teammate Ron Anderson, Nolan Smith (Duke), Chris Wright (Georgetown), Austin Freeman (Georgetown), and Julian Vaughn (Georgetown). Beasley attended a total of six high schools: Bowie High School in Bowie, Maryland, National Christian Academy in Fort Washington, Maryland, The Pendleton School in Bradenton, Florida, Riverdale Baptist School in Upper Marlboro, Maryland, Oak Hill Academy in Mouth of Wilson, Virginia, and Notre Dame Preparatory School in Fitchburg, Massachusetts. As a high school senior, he averaged 28 points and 16 rebounds per game. In 2006, Beasley was a second-team "Parade" All-American and was also named to the 2006 USA Men's U18 National Team member on June 26, 2006. Beasley averaged team highs of 13.8 ppg. and 8.3 rpg at the 2006 FIBA Americas U18 Championship for Men in San Antonio, Texas. He ranked fifth in rebounds per game (8.3 rpg) among all 2006 tournament leaders, and he ranks third all-time in the USA Men's U18 record book. He was named to the McDonald's All-American team. In the 2007 McDonald's All-American Boys Game, he won the MVP with 23 points and 12 rebounds. Rivals.com rated Beasley No. 1 in the class of 2007 high school basketball prospects. Beasley began his freshman year at Kansas State in the fall of 2007. In the 2007–2008 regular season, Beasley was one of the most dominant players in the country. His 26.2 points (third-leading) and nation-leading 12.4 rebounds were the most by a Big 12 player in any season. His 866 total points and 408 rebounds ranked third and second among all freshmen in NCAA history. He also led the nation in double-doubles (28), 40-point games (three), 30-point, 10-rebound games (13), and 20-point, 10-rebound games (22). His 28 double-doubles broke the freshman double-double record previously held by Carmelo Anthony who had 22 double-doubles in his only season at Syracuse in 2002–03. On February 23, 2008, Beasley scored a Big 12 record 44 points in an 86–92 loss at Baylor. (This mark has since been matched by Kansas State's Denis Clemente.) Beasley became known as an unstoppable force when shooting, finishing the season shooting 53.7 percent from the field (282 of 525). He also finished the season shooting 39.5 percent from 3-point range. Beasley holds 30 Kansas State career, single-season and freshman records as well as 17 Big 12 single-game and single-season marks. Beasley guided the Wildcats to a 20–10 record and a 10–6 Big 12 Conference record. Some of the key conference victories were a win at Oklahoma and, a home victory against Texas A&M, and a victory against then-unbeaten No. 2 Kansas, marking the first time in over four years that Kansas State defeated a Top 10 team at home (Kansas State beat No. 10 Texas, 58–48 on March 6, 2004), the first time K-State beat Kansas in Manhattan since 1983 and the first-ever victory against the Jayhawks in Bramlage Coliseum. The win partially backed up a boast he had made before the season about K-State's prospects against the Jayhawks: On March 1, 2008, his boast did not come true, as Kansas won the return match in Lawrence, 88–74 despite 39 points and 11 rebounds from Beasley. He matched a Big 12 record by equaling former Kansas player Drew Gooden's record for most double-doubles in a season (25). With his 33-point, 14-rebound effort against Colorado on March 4, he eclipsed Mitch Richmond's 20-year-old school single-season points record (768; 1987–88), while he broke the Big 12 record for double-doubles in a season with his 26th for the year. He is just the 27th player in NCAA Division I history to post 26 or more double-doubles in a season and the first since Utah's Andrew Bogut (26) did it in 2004–05. Beasley led the Wildcats to a 10–6 record in conference play, earning a number 3 seed in the 2008 Big 12 Men's Basketball Tournament at the Sprint Center in Kansas City, Missouri. The Wildcats faced the No. 6 seed Texas A&M Aggies and lost 77–71. Beasley had 25 points and 9 rebounds, one board short of a double-double. He shot 10–21 from the field and 1–4 from behind the three-point line. He also registered three blocks. The Wildcats earned a berth in the 2008 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament as the No. 11 seed in the Midwest Region. They beat the No. 6 seed USC Trojans. Beasley had 23 points and 11 rebounds for his 27th double-double of the year. However, the Wildcats lost 72–55 to No. 3 Wisconsin in the second round of the tournament. Beasley added 23 points (only 6 scored in the second half) and 13 rebounds against the Badgers his 28th and final double-double. On April 14, 2008, Beasley announced that he would forgo his last three years of eligibility and enter the NBA draft. Beasley is one of just two players in Kansas State history to earn first team All-America honors from the Associated Press. Overall, Beasley is the fifth player in school history to earn recognition to any of organization's three All-America teams. Beasley was one of 24 finalists for the John R. Wooden Player of the Year award and was selected by voters to the 10-member 2008 John R. Wooden Award All American team. He followed Kevin Durant as the second consecutive standout freshman to win both Big 12 Player of the Year and Freshman of the Year accolades. Beasley became the fourth player in school history to be honored as the conference's Player of the Year and the first since the inception of the Big 12. He was the first player to be named league Freshman of the Year and the 12th overall to be selected as either Freshman or Newcomer of the Year since 1970. Beasley was named National Freshman of the Year by CBS Sports.com, Rivals.com, The Sporting News, and the U.S. Basketball Writers Association (USBWA). He has also been selected a first team All-American by numerous outlets, including CBS Sports.com, Dick Vitale, ESPN.com, Rivals.com, "Sports Illustrated", The Sporting News and U.S. Basketball Writers Association. In addition, he was chosen as a first team Freshman All-American by CBS Sports.com and Rivals.com. In addition, he was named one of four finalists for the 2008 Naismith Player of the Year Award. He also was one of 10 finalists for the Oscar Robertson Player of the Year award. On June 26, 2008, Beasley was selected 2nd overall in the 2008 NBA draft by the Miami Heat. He signed with the Heat on July 2. In his NBA Summer League debut on July 7, Beasley scored 28 points and grabbed 9 rebounds (and had 2 assists) in 23 minutes played. He was second in the league in rebound average, and tied for third in scoring average in the 2008 Summer League. During his first official practice with the Heat, he was accidentally hit in the chest with an unidentified teammate's elbow. He was evaluated and returned to the team a day later with chest bruising, but only participated in non-contact play. He had slightly cracked his sternum, and resumed contact drills 2 days after that. In his first preseason game, Beasley scored 16 points against the Detroit Pistons. He followed those performances with 21 points and 7 rebounds, 12 points and 11 rebounds, 14 points and 6 rebounds, 19 points and no rebounds, 14 points and 3 rebounds, and 19 points and 9 rebounds. On opening night of the 2008–09 regular season, Beasley scored 9 points in a loss against the New York Knicks. He posted double-digit point totals for the next nine straight games, including a season-high 25 points in a loss to Charlotte on November 1. After the Heat's first round exit from the 2009 playoffs, it was reported that Beasley, along with fellow rookie Mario Chalmers, had been fined multiple times throughout the season for violations of team policy. During the 2009–10 season, he was a starter for the entire season. On February 19, 2010, he led the Heat to victory over the Memphis Grizzlies with a then career-high 30 points along with 8 rebounds. For the season, he averaged 14.8 points per game and 6.4 rebounds per game. In the Heat's first-round playoff series loss to Boston, those averages declined to 10.4 and 5.8, respectively. On July 12, 2010, Beasley was traded to the Minnesota Timberwolves in exchange for 2011 and 2014 second-round draft picks. Beasley was traded in order to clear salary cap space for Miami, allowing them to sign free agents LeBron James and Chris Bosh, as well as re-sign Dwyane Wade. On November 10, 2010, he led the Timberwolves to victory over the Sacramento Kings with a career-high 42 points along with 9 rebounds. He finished the season averaging 19.2 points per game which was ranked top 20 in the league. In the 2011–12 season, Beasley sprained his foot against the Cleveland Cavaliers on January 6, 2012 which kept him out for 11 straight games. Shortly after he returned from injury, he led the Timberwolves to victory over the Houston Rockets with 34 points. Over the 2011–12 season, he averaged 11.5 points per game. On July 20, 2012, Beasley signed a three-year, $18 million contract with the Phoenix Suns. Around this time, he decided to train with former two-time NBA champion point guard Norm Nixon in order to improve his game. In a November 7, 2012 game against the Charlotte Bobcats, Beasley scored 21 points, grabbed 15 rebounds, and had 7 assists to help the Suns win 117-110. On January 30, 2013, Beasley scored a season high 27 points with 6 rebounds and 5 steals off the bench to lead the Suns to a 92-86 victory against the Los Angeles Lakers. On September 3, 2013, Beasley was waived by the Suns. The decision came shortly after Beasley had been arrested on suspicion of marijuana possession. Lon Babby, the Suns' president of basketball operations, said, "We worked hard to devote ourselves to Michael's success, but we have to maintain the standards to build a championship culture." On September 11, 2013, Beasley signed with the Miami Heat. The Heat made it to the NBA Finals for the fourth straight time in 2014, with Beasley making his first Finals appearance in Game 5 of their series against the San Antonio Spurs. The Heat lost Game 5 and the series, as the Spurs won 4-1. On September 25, 2014, Beasley signed a non-guaranteed contract with the Memphis Grizzlies. However, he was later waived by the Grizzlies on October 9 in order to sign in China. That same day, he signed a one-year deal with the Shanghai Sharks of the Chinese Basketball Association. During the 2015 CBA All-Star Game, Beasley came off the bench to score 59 points, setting a CBA record for most points in the league's All-Star Game. Despite averaging 28.6 points, 10.4 rebounds, 5.2 assists and 1.9 steals in 37 games, Beasley could not lead the Sharks to the CBA playoffs as they finished 12th with a 17-21 record. On February 26, 2015, Beasley signed a 10-day contract with the Miami Heat. The next day, he made his return for the Heat, recording 7 points and 2 rebounds in a 102-104 loss to the New Orleans Pelicans. He then signed a second 10-day contract with the Heat on March 8, and for the rest of the season on March 18. On June 28, 2015, the Heat declined to pick up their $1.3 million team option on Beasley's 2015–16 contract, making him a free agent. On September 30, 2015, Beasley signed with the Shandong Golden Stars for the 2015–16 CBA season, returning to China for a second stint. He scored 48 points in the team's season opener on November 1, and bested that mark with 49 points ten days later. On January 17, 2016, he won the CBA All-Star Game MVP award for the second straight year after recording 63 points, 19 rebounds and 13 assists for the South team. Shandong qualified for the 2016 playoffs, but were defeated 3–0 by the Guangdong Southern Tigers in the first round. In 40 games for Shandong, Beasley averaged 31.9 points, 13.4 rebounds, 3.8 assists, 2.0 steals and 1.3 blocks per game. He was subsequently named the league's Foreign MVP for the 2015–16 season. On March 4, 2016, Beasley signed with the Houston Rockets. In his third game for the Rockets on March 11, he recorded 18 points and 8 rebounds in just under 15 minutes off the bench in a 102–98 win over the Boston Celtics. On March 19, he recorded a season-high 30 points and 9 rebounds in a 109–97 loss to the Atlanta Hawks. On March 31, he recorded his first double-double of the season with 20 points and 11 rebounds in a 103–100 loss to the Chicago Bulls. Beasley helped the Rockets finish the regular season as the eighth seed in the Western Conference with a 41–41 record. Down 2–0 to the first-seeded Golden State Warriors in the first round of the playoffs, Beasley scored 12 points in a 97–96 Game 3 win in Houston; he gave Houston a 95–94 lead with two free throws with 41 seconds left. On September 22, 2016, Beasley was traded to the Milwaukee Bucks in exchange for Tyler Ennis. On November 12, 2016, he scored a season-high 19 points in a 106–96 win over the Memphis Grizzlies. He missed five games in December with a foot injury. On January 10, 2017, he set a new season high with 28 points in a 109–107 win over the San Antonio Spurs. On March 31, 2017, he returned after missing 17 games with a hyperextended left knee, scoring seven points in eight minutes in a 108–105 win over the Detroit Pistons. On September 3, 2008, at the NBA's Rookie Transition Program, Beasley was involved in an incident along with fellow rookies Mario Chalmers and Darrell Arthur. Police responded to the hotel room of Chalmers and Arthur following a fire alarm at 2 am and claimed that the room smelled strongly of burning marijuana, but none was found and no charges were filed. Chalmers and Arthur were excused from the camp because of the incident and were later fined $20,000 each for missing the rookie camp, but were not fined or suspended for any drug-related violations. Both later denied any involvement with marijuana. Originally, ESPN reported that Beasley was also present in the room, but was not asked to leave camp. The story was later updated and any mention of Beasley was removed from the article. On September 18, 2008, Beasley was fined $50,000 by the league for his involvement in the incident after Pat Riley forced him to confess to league officials that he had slipped out the door when the police arrived. On August 24, 2009, Beasley reportedly checked into a Houston rehab center, just days after he posted pictures of himself on his Twitter page with what some have speculated to be marijuana in the background. It is unknown if the rehab was drug related; officially he was receiving counseling for stress-related issues. On June 26, 2011, Beasley was driving in the Minneapolis suburb of Minnetonka when he was pulled over by a policeman for speeding. The policeman noticed that the car smelled of a strong odor of marijuana. The officer allegedly found marijuana in a plastic bag under the front passenger seat. However, Beasley said the marijuana was not his, but belonged to a friend whom he had just dropped off. Beasley was consequently fined and ticketed. In August 2011, Beasley was on a NYC streetball tour with good friend and all-star forward Kevin Durant when he got into an altercation with a heckler, shoving a hand in his face. On August 6, 2013, Beasley was arrested on suspicion of marijuana possession in Scottsdale, Arizona. According to police reports, narcotics were confiscated from Beasley's car after he was stopped for a traffic violation. That arrest was a factor in Beasley's official removal from the Suns a month later. In September 2014, a sexual assault case from January 2013 involving Beasley was dropped after no probable cause was established. Beasley's parents are Fatima Smith and Michael Beasley, Sr. He has two brothers, Leroy Ellison and Malik Smith, and two younger sisters, Mychaela Beasley and Tiffany Couch. He has a daughter Mikaiya, born in May 2009 and a son Michael III, born in November 2010. Beasley grew up with Kevin Durant and Nolan Smith, and remains friends with both players.

The crimson death first appeared (as "Death, crimson") in the first edition in the original "Monster Manual II" (1983). The crimson death appeared in the second edition in the "Monstrous Compendium Forgotten Realms Appendix" (1989), reprinted in the "Monstrous Manual" under the "mist" entry. The crimson death appeared in the third edition "Monster Manual II" (2002). It appears as a vaguely humanoid knot of fog, with arms, a torso, and white glowing eyes. Its lower body trails off into indistinct vapor. A crimson death is always neutral evil. The crimson death is an incorporeal undead. However, it can drain blood from any creature it touches.

The Porgera Gold Mine is a large gold and silver mining operation in Enga province, Papua New Guinea (PNG), located at the head of the Porgera Valley. The mine is situated in the rain forest covered highlands at an altitude of 2,200 to 2,700 m, in a region of high rainfall, landslides, and frequent earthquakes. The Porgera Gold Mine is operated by the Porgera Joint Venture (PJV). It began production in 1990 and was developed and operated by Placer Dome which was acquired in 2006 by Barrick Gold, the world's largest gold mining company at that time. Emperor Gold Mine, holding a minority stake of 20%, sold to Barrick in April 2007. This gave Barrick a 95% ownership of the operation. The remaining 5% is owned by Mineral Resources Enga (MRE), which is owned by the Enga Provincial Government, the Papua New Guinea National Government and Porgera Landowners. Porgera Gold Mine is the second largest mine in Papua New Guinea and is regarded as one of the world's top ten producing gold mines. In 2009 it produced 572,595 ounces of gold and 94,764 ounces of silver and had 2,500 employees and 500 contractors. Since it began operating, the mine has produced more than 16 million ounces of gold and almost 3 million ounces of silver, accounting for about 12 percent of Papua New Guinea’s total exports. The mine′s proven and probable mineral reserves as of 2009 amount to 8.1 million ounces of gold. Porgera Gold Mine is controversial. It has consistently been criticised for environmental and human rights issues. Porgera Gold Mine began operation in 1990. Originally an underground operation, open-pit mining became increasingly important after 1993, temporarily putting an end to underground mining in 1997. Since 2002 the mine utilises both open-pit and underground mining methods for ore extraction. The site of the current open pit is Mt Waruwari which is being excavated. The open pit mine moves about 160,000 tonnes of rock material and gold-bearing ore per day, the underground mine over 2,000 tonnes. Ore is processed in a mainly conventional plant, utilising several SAG and Ball mills, four Autoclaves, floatation cells and CIP / CIL. Gravity recovery is also used, Knelson concentrators doing the primary recovery, with an Acacia Reactor treating the concentrate. A large fleet of Cat 777 and Cat 789 trucks haul on the surface, fed by O&K shovels, and smaller excavators and loaders. A collection of underground development and production drilling equipment break ground, which is bogged by Elphinstone RH series LHD's into a fleet of Elphinstone AD45 trucks. The mine is nominally a joint venture, however it is managed by Barrick Gold personnel, who are employed on a fly in fly out basis. As of July 2007, all departmental managers are of white extraction and are of non-PNG origin. None of the management team lives in the Porgera region, and all are accommodated in the mines camp facilities. The mine has an extensive training and education program, and offers diverse traineeships and apprenticeships to local people. This has resulted in many people gaining the necessary skills for employment at the Porgera mine and at other mining operations in Papua New Guinea and other countries. In 2009, out of a total of 2,427 employees at the mine, 93.49% were PNG nationals, 1,606 were Porgerans, 33 other Engans, 630 other PNG nationals, and 158 were expatriates. The mine was originally one of the world’s major low-cost gold producers, but operating costs have increased. In 2004 it produced over one million ounces of gold at a cash cost of US$192 per ounce. Its output fell to about 865,000 ounces in 2005, and has reached 572,595 ounces of gold at cash costs of US$515 per ounce in 2009. With its 2,500 employees and 500 contractors it is one of the largest gold mines in Papua New Guinea and Australasia, and is widely regarded as one of the world's top ten producing gold mines. The mine has had a large impact on its immediate local area. While modern health care and education services have been brought to the valley by the mine, and some members of the community have profited from the mine's presence; alcoholism, lawlessness and illegal mining have all increased. On 23 April 2007 local landowner groups protesting over proposed relocation settlements were successful in peacefully halting mining and processing operations at the mine. The suspension lasted for 10 days, during which various local landowner clans, PNG government representatives and PJV mine management eventually reached a form of agreement on how best to move on. The mine employs its own security force, numbering somewhere between 400 and 500 persons. Some sections of the security force are licensed to utilise lethal force. Police and security guards have killed 8 people (the company's figures) to 14 people (according to a community association) over the past ten years, and injured many more. In 2009 rising insecurity around the mine led the government of Papua New Guinea to deploy several squads of mobile policemen to Porgera. According to Amnesty International, the deployment resulted in the eviction of nearby villagers and the burning of their houses. Human Rights Watch investigated and documented reports of abuse, including brutal gang rapes and beatings, carried out by security personnel at the mine. Barrick Gold, after having denied previous claims of crimes committed at the mine, launched an internal investigation which confirmed the findings. The mine practises riverine tailings disposal, by which processed ore is dumped directly into the local river. This results in an increased sediment loading of approximately 8 million tonnes per year. Additionally, the mine has two 'Erodible Dumps' - areas where soft waste rock are dumped and the high amount of local rainfall gradually washes into the local rivers. The increase in sediment loading is hard to quantify, but is generally thought to be in the range of 4 to 6 million tonnes per year. The river systems eventually deliver hundreds of millions of tonnes of sediment into the Gulf of Papua. The main concern with riverine tailings disposal as practised by the PJV is not the quantities of sediment, but the toxicity of the tailings, which contains significant quantities of cyanide, mercury and other heavy elements. The mercury is 'fixed' in a compound state by which it is thought it will not ultimately enter the food chain, but no conclusive research has been performed. However, the mine has been certified as fully compliant with the International Cyanide Management Code. The mine has also three vast dumps of waste rock—stone with quantities of gold ore too low to be processed economically. In January 2009, Norway's finance ministry announced, that the Government Pension Fund of Norway excluded Barrick Gold from its investments, due to the “severe environmental damage” caused by the Porgera Gold Mine, stating that “the company’s riverine disposal practice is in breach of international norms [and] the company’s assertions that its operations do not cause long-term and irreversible environmental damage carry little credibility [and that there is] reason to believe that the company’s unacceptable practice will continue in the future.” The local body which was established to represent the landowners around the mine, the Porgera Landowners Association (PLOA), is funded by a percentage of royalties from the mine, receiving $1.4 million in 2009. However the PLOA refuses to publish its accounts, and many landowners accuse the leadership of the PLOA of lining their own pockets at the expense of ordinary landowners. As a result, the mine negotiates with individual landowners direct rather than through the PLOA as intended.

In electronics, a ferrite core is a type of magnetic core made of ferrite on which the windings of electric transformers and other wound components such as inductors are formed. It is used for its properties of high magnetic permeability coupled with low electrical conductivity (which helps prevent eddy currents). Because of their comparatively low losses at high frequencies, they are extensively used in the cores of RF transformers and inductors in applications such as switched-mode power supplies, and ferrite loopstick antennas for AM radio receivers. Ferrites are ceramic compounds of the transition metals with oxygen, which are ferrimagnetic but nonconductive. Ferrites that are used in transformer or electromagnetic cores contain iron oxides combined with nickel, zinc, and/or manganese compounds. They have a low coercivity and are called ""soft ferrites" to distinguish them from "hard ferrites"", which have a high coercivity and are used to make ferrite magnets. The low coercivity means the material's magnetization can easily reverse direction without dissipating much energy (hysteresis losses), while the material's high resistivity prevents eddy currents in the core, another source of energy loss. The most common soft ferrites are: ***LIST***. For applications below 5 MHz, MnZn ferrites are used; above that, NiZn is the usual choice. The exception is with common mode inductors, where the threshold of choice is at 70 MHz. As any given blend has a trade off of maximum usable frequency, versus a higher mu value, within each of these sub-groups manufacturers produce a wide range materials for different applications blended to give either a high initial (low frequency) inductance, or lower inductance and higher maximum frequency, or for interference suppression ferrites, a very wide frequency range, but often with a very high loss factor (low Q). It is important to select the right material for the application, as the correct ferrite for a 100 kHz switching supply (high inductance, low loss, low frequency) is quite different to that for an RF transformer or ferrite rod antenna, (high frequency low loss, but lower inductance), and different again from a suppression ferrite (high loss, broadband) There are two broad applications for ferrite cores which differ in size and frequency of operation: signal transformers, which are of small size and higher frequencies, and power transformers, which are of large size and lower frequencies. Cores can also be classified by shape, such as toroidal cores, shell cores or cylindrical cores. The ferrite cores used for power transformers work in the low frequency range (1 to 200 kHz usually) and are fairly large in size, can be toroidal, shell, or shaped like the letters ‘C’, ‘D’, or ‘E’. They are useful in all kinds of electronic switching devices – especially power supplies from 1 Watt to 1000 Watts maximum, since more powerful applications are usually out of range of ferritic single core and require grain oriented lamination cores. The ferrite cores used for signals have a range of applications from 1 kHz to many MHz, perhaps as much as 300 MHz, and have found their main application in electronics, such as in AM Radios and RFID tags. Ferrite rod aerials (or antennae) are a type of small magnetic loop (SML) antenna very common in AM radio broadcast band transistor radios, although they began to be used in vacuum tube ("valve") radios in the 1950s. They are also useful in very low frequency (VLF) receivers, and can sometimes give good results over most of the shortwave frequencies assuming a suitable ferrite is used). They consist of a coil of wire wound around a ferrite rod core (usually several inches longer than the coil, but sometimes over 3 feet long). This core effectively ‘concentrates’ the magnetic field of the radio waves to give a stronger signal than could be obtained by an air core loop antenna of comparable size, although still not as strong as the signal that could be obtained with a good outdoor wire aerial. Other names include "loopstick antenna", "ferrod", and "ferrite-rod antenna". "Ferroceptor" is an older alternative name for a ferrite rod aerial, particularly used by Philips where the ferrite core would be called a "Ferroxcube" rod (a brand name acquired by Yageo from Philips in the year 2000). The short terms ferrite rod or ‘loop-stick’ sometimes refers to the coil-plus-ferrite combination that takes the place of both an external antenna and the radio’s first tuned circuit, or just the ferrite core itself (the cylindrical rod or flat ferrite slab).

KBJD (1650 AM) is a Spanish language Christian teaching formatted radio station owned by Salem Communications. It broadcasts from Denver, Colorado. KBJD is an expanded AM Band station (those above 1600 kHz). When the expanded licenses were issued, the licenses were conditional on the licensee surrendering either the original station license in the normal AM band (KRKS) or the expanded license station at the end of a five-year period. The five-year period for this station ended on February 20, 2006. and the station continues to operate under temporary six-month STA orders while the FCC review is underway. In January 2003, Salem Communications reformatted KBJD from Contemporary Christian music "The Rock" to conservative talk radio as "KNUS 2" to "better compliment its other Talk outlet in the market", sister station KNUS. On October 29, 2007, KBJD changed formats from talk to Spanish language Christian. The station is now branded as "Radio Luz" and serves the Denver area by providing Christian teaching programming in Spanish.

Mark "Flash" Flanagan (born 4 December 1987) is an English professional rugby league player for Salford in the Super League. His usual position is . A utility player, he previously played for Wigan and the National Rugby League's Wests Tigers clubs before joining St. Helens, with whom he won the 2014 Super League championship. Mark Flanagan was born on 4 December 1987 in Oldham, England. He is the son of former Great Britain international Terry Flanagan. Flanagan started his rugby league career at the amateur side Saddleworth Rangers before joining Bradford when he was 16. He was considered one of the most promising young British players and has caps for England Academy including caps against the Australian Schoolboys in 2006. On 4 January 2007 it was announced that Flanagan would join Wigan on a 2-year contract with Wigan paying £10,900 in compensation to Bradford for the loss of the player. He was signed to provide cover and possibly become a replacement to Australian stand-off Trent Barrett. Flanagan was the third player that Brian Noble had brought from his previous club Bradford, the other players being Stuart Fielden and Michael Withers. Flanagan was a regular in the Wigan reserves team. He went to Halifax on loan in June 2008 and scored two tries in his first game for the club. After some impressive performances in the reserves Flanagan made his Wigan debut from the bench during the second half of a 22-16 defeat by the Crusaders RL at Brewery Field. He made more appearances for Wigan putting in some very impressive performances, most noticeably for his defensive effort in the derby loss away at St Helens. It was announced 23 September 2009 that Flanagan had signed a 1-year contract with the Wests Tigers, with the Tigers having the option for a further season. Tigers' recruitment manager Warren McDonnell described him as, "a raw talent," and, "a tough no-nonsense player with a strong work ethic." Flanagan played 21 games in his first season with the Tigers, mostly starting on the bench. Having been left out of the side for most of 2011, Flanagan made his return late in the season and played in both of the Wests Tigers' semis appearances. It was confirmed on 19 July 2011 that St Helens had signed Flanagan on a 2-year contract, he made the move before the start of the 2012 season. The move meant that Flanagan was reunited with Head Coach Royce Simmons who he previously worked with at West Tigers. St. Helens reached the 2014 Super League Grand Final and Flanagan was selected to play at scrum half in their 14-6 victory over Wigan.

The Skeleton Canyon massacres refer to two separate attacks on Mexican citizens in 1879 and 1881. Skeleton Canyon is located in the Peloncillo Mountains (Hidalgo County), which straddles the modern Arizona and New Mexico state line border. This canyon connects the Animas Valley of New Mexico with the San Simon Valley of Arizona. The first Skeleton Canyon Massacre occurred in 1879 when a group of Mexican Rurales were ambushed by cattle rustlers. In July 1879, several rustlers attacked a rancho in northern Sonora, killing several of the inhabitants. After the attack on the rancho, the survivors reported the attacks to Commandant Francisco Neri, who sent out a detachment of Rurales, including Captain Alfredo Carrillo. The Rurales illegally crossed the border into Arizona. As they entered Skeleton Canyon, shots were fired against them. Three of the Rurales survived the initial onslaught. The posse leader was killed by execution. No action was taken by the Mexican Government, but it protested the killings to President Chester Arthur, although acknowledging the Mexican policemen had crossed illegally into the United States, where they had no jurisdiction. Johnny Ringo, considered to be one of an outlaw group known as the Cowboys, who were cattle rustlers and bandits, claimed to have been at the ambush. He said others there, who participated in the murders, were Old Man Clanton, brothers Ike and Billy Clanton, "Curly Bill" Brocius, Florentino Cruz, brothers Frank and Tom McLaury, Jim Hughes, Rattlesnake Bill; Joe Hill; Charlie Snow; Jake Guage; and Charlie Thomas. In July 1881, "Curly Bill" Brocius learned that several Mexican smugglers carrying silver were heading to the United States through Skeleton Canyon. Curly Bill and several other men including Johnny Ringo, Newman Haynes Clanton, Ike Clanton, Billy Clanton, Frank McLaury, Tom McLaury, Billy Grounds, and Zwing Hunt hid in the rocks high above the trail. As the smugglers rode through the canyon, the Cowboys opened fire, killing six of the fifteen. The Americans followed up, killing the remaining eleven smugglers before they could escape. Some reports said the men were tortured before being killed. In August 1881, while driving a herd of cattle through Guadalupe Canyon, a group of rustlers led by Old Man Clanton were ambushed while they slept. At dawn several men opened fire on them, killing five; only two men escaped the ambush. This attack was later known as the Guadalupe Canyon Massacre. Although who shot the rustlers is not certain, researchers believe the attack may have been led by Captain Alfredo Carrillo and several Rurales from Fronteras, Mexico, in revenge for the First Skeleton Canyon Massacre.

Orenthial James Brigance (born September 29, 1969) is a former football linebacker who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) and the National Football League (NFL). He is the senior advisor to player development for the Baltimore Ravens. Brigance was born in Houston and played college football at Rice University, where he was a three-year starter. He graduated from Rice with a degree in managerial studies in 1992. Beginning his pro career as a linebacker in the CFL with the BC Lions in 1991, Brigance played three seasons and 54 games. His best season came in 1993, when he recorded 20 sacks and was a CFL West All-Star. Brigance then played for the Baltimore Stallions for two seasons, becoming a CFL All-Star in 1995, recording seven sacks and helping his team win the Grey Cup. In 1996, Brigance was signed by the Miami Dolphins as a free agent. He was twice voted a team captain during his four seasons there and his teammates named him Ed Block Courage Award recipient in 1999. In addition, he was honored with the NFL Player Association's "Unsung Hero Award" that same season. The next year, he was signed by the Baltimore Ravens. Brigance was a key contributor to the Ravens' championship-winning team as he finished second on the team with 25 special teams tackles and led the team with 10 special teams tackles in the post-season (including the first tackle of Super Bowl XXXV). He played for St. Louis Rams in 2001 and 2002, and a final game with the New England Patriots before retiring. He is one of several players to have won both a CFL and NFL championship, and the only player in the history of both leagues to win those championships for the same city. During his time as a Dolphin, Brigance was involved in a number of different community organizations, including Habitat for Humanity, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and the Daily Food Bank. He is currently the Director of Player Development for the Ravens and serves as a motivator and inspiration for the team. On January 20, 2013, Brigance was a part of the award ceremony when he presented the Baltimore Ravens with the Lamar Hunt trophy after the Ravens defeated the New England Patriots in the 2012 AFC Championship Game. On February 3, 2013, Brigance was a part of the presentation of the Vince Lombardi Trophy to the Baltimore Ravens after they won Super Bowl XLVII. In May 2007, Brigance was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a motor neuron disease that is eventually fatal. He has created a foundation to assist ALS research called the Brigance Brigade Foundation. Brigance is a Christian.

Victims of Deception is the second album by the American thrash metal band Heathen, which was released in 1991 by Roadrunner Records. It was re-issued by Metal Mind Productions in 2006, as a digipak in a limited amount of 2000 numbered copies. The bonus track "Hellbound" is a cover of Tygers of Pan Tang. The intro of "Hypnotized" features excerpts from a speech by evangelist Jim Jones. It was the band's last studio album for 19 years until the 2010 release of "The Evolution of Chaos". Heathen's lineup changes, tours and financial issues stalled the recording process of this album, which lasted from 1989 to 1991. The band began work it in 1988 after David White was replaced by former Exodus singer Paul Baloff. After recording a demo with Baloff in the fall of 1988, the band broke up after the departure bassist Mike "Yaz" Jastremski, but reunited some time later, with former Metal Church singer David Wayne replacing Baloff and Manny Bravo replacing Yaz. Wayne's tenure with Heathen lasted for only a few days, and White soon returned to the band. Bravo would also leave the band; he was replaced by Blind Illusion bassist Vern McEllroy. The lineup of White, Altus, Piercy, McEllroy and Minter recorded a demo in March 1989, and entered the studio later that year to begin recording their second album under the name "Fear of the Unknown", which was intended to be released in 1990. However, due to monetary problems, the album's release was delayed. When the album was recorded again, Heathen did not have an official bass player; the bass tracks were handled by Blind Illusion guitarist/frontman Marc Biedermann. The band had many bassists on this album's supporting tour. Singles were released for the cover of Rainbow's "Kill the King" and "Prisoners of Fate". This album is considerably more technical and progressive than its predecessor. It features many tempo changes, complex song structures, odd time signatures, longer song lengths, and more frequent guitar solos. It is considered among the most technical thrash albums ever, and part of the so-called "technical/progressive thrash" movement of the late 80's, early 90's (other pivotal albums in this era [chronologically] included Metallica's "...And Justice for All", Toxik's "Think This", Watchtower's "Control and Resistance," Megadeth's "Rust in Peace", Dark Angel's "Time Does Not Heal", and Coroner's "Mental Vortex").

Archduke Karl Pius of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, Prince of Tuscany (4 December 1909 – 24 December 1953), called "Carlos Pío de Habsburgo-Lorena y de Borbón" in Spain, was a member of the Tuscan branch of the Imperial House of Habsburg and a Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain under the assumed name of "Carlos VIII". He was the tenth and youngest child of Archduke Leopold Salvator, Prince of Tuscany and Infanta Blanca of Spain. Karl was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, the youngest son of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria (1863–1931) and of his wife Blanca de Borbón y de Borbón-Parma (1868–1949). His mother was the eldest daughter of Carlos, Duke of Madrid, Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain. Karl was given the baptismal names "Carolus Pius Maria Adelgonda Blanka Leopoldus Ignatius Raphael Michael Salvator Chrillus Angelus Barbara". His godparents were Pope Pius X and the Countess of Bardi. Karl grew up in the Palais Toskana which formerly stood in Argentinierstrasse in Vienna. In 1919 the republican government of Austria confiscated all the properties of the Habsburgs. Karl moved with his family first to Tenuta Reale, a villa belonging to his mother's family near Viareggio in Italy. Then they moved to Barcelona in Spain. In 1926 he was given Spanish nationality. After completing high-school Karl entered the Industrial Engineering School. He returned to Austria in the early 1930s and joined the Heimwehr, a conservative militia which engaged in street fights with Communists and Socialists. In 1932 a section of the Carlist movement, called "cruzadistas" from the name of the magazine "El Cruzado Español", began to entrust their hopes for the future of Carlism to the sons of Blanca de Borbón. At the time the Carlist claimant Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San Jaime, Karl's great-uncle, was in his eighties and childless. There were no other male-line descendants of the first Carlist claimant Carlos V. The "cruzadistas" (along with the majority of Carlists) held that Alfonso XIII, constitutional king of Spain, and his sons were excluded from the succession on account of their liberalism. The "cruzadistas" also believed that the more junior male lines of the House of Bourbon were also permanently excluded from the Spanish succession; some, like the Bourbon-Sicilies, were held to be excluded because they had recognised Alfonso as constitutional king of Spain, while others, like the Bourbon-Parmas, were held to be excluded because of French nationality. Since the "cruzadistas" believed that there were no more male members of the House of Bourbon eligible to succeed to the Spanish throne, they held that the Carlist claim should pass at the death of Alfonso Carlos to the sons of his closest female relative, Blanca de Borbón. This was a minority view in the Carlist movement, and one which was condemned by Alfonso Carlos himself. As long as Alfonso Carlos lived, Blanca and her sons, including Karl, were hesitant to press their claims. When Alfonso Carlos died in 1936, Karl at first supported the regent of the Carlist Communion, Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma, who had been appointed by Alfonso Carlos. In the confused circumstances of the Spanish Civil War Karl did not make any immediate claim to the throne. On June 29, 1943 Karl issued a manifesto in which he claimed to be the legitimate successor to the Spanish throne. At the time, he had three older brothers still living, but none of these had shown an interest in claiming the throne for himself. In 1947 Karl's older brothers Leopold and Franz Josef formally renounced their rights in New York City. In 1948 his other brother Anton verbally renounced his rights in Barcelona. (Both Anton and Franz Josef would take up the claim after Karl died, and Anton's son Dominic is the current claimant.) Karl was recognised by his supporters as Carlos VIII; his movement is therefore called "carloctavismo" or "octavismo". He used the title "Duke of Madrid" as his grandfather had done. Karl received the support of some of the most conservative Carlist leaders. He also received a certain level of support from some of General Franco's officials in the Movimiento Nacional; the followers of the Carlist regent Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma claimed that the Francoist support was merely an attempt to divide Carlists. Karl moved to Andorra and then returned to Barcelona. Between 1944 and 1951 he gave out fourteen titles of nobility; he also named members to the Order of Proscribed Legitimacy and the Order of Santa Maria of the Lily of Navarre. He established a new order of merit named in honour of Saint Charles Borromeo. In 1952 he awarded the collar of this order to General Franco and the grand cross of the order to Cardinal Federico Tedeschini, papal legate to the International Eucharistic Congress in Barcelona. On May 8, 1938 in St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna, Karl married Christa Satzger de Bálványos (1914–2001), daughter of Geza Satzger de Bálványos and of his wife Maria Alexandrina Friedmann. The marriage was morganatic, and the children born to it had no dynastic rights of succession. Karl and Christa had two daughters: ***LIST***. On November 30, 1990 Alejandra and Inmaculada were given the title "Countess of Habsburg" () by Archduke Otto of Austria. Christa left Karl in 1949. In December 1950, they received a civil divorce in Reno, Nevada. On January 4, 1951 Karl initiated a process petitioning for an ecclesiastical decree of nullity; the case had not been resolved at his death. Karl died of a cerebral hemorrhage December 24, 1953, in Barcelona, Spain. Several funeral masses were celebrated for him, including one on January 16, 1954 in Madrid, attended by numerous government officials and members of the diplomatic corps. He was buried in the Monastery of Santa Maria de Poblet.

"Mad Season" is the title-track and third single off Matchbox Twenty's second album, "Mad Season". It was released on April 16, 2001. The song peaked at #48 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and #76 on the UK Singles Chart. Thomas told "Billboard" magazine that the song took a more universal tone but was originally about "the wild ride that the band has been on since success hit. The whole idea came from out mad season," he says. "It has nothing to do with being bad, it's just crazy. There are no handbooks for any of this." The song's music video, directed by Phil Harder, shows the band getting off the plane, and being surrounded by screaming fans trying to grab them. They are wearing what appear to be special passes, which say "Rock Star" on them, around their necks. Police are there trying to keep everything under control. The band eventually makes it safely into their limousine, but then the crowd climbs all over the car, and it can't go anywhere. The police fail to keep things under control, and the fans break the windows of the limousine. When they get inside, they rip the "Rock Star" passes off the band members, and then they leave. This suggests that they didn't really care about the band; they just wanted the passes.

Amusement park accidents refer to serious injuries or deaths that occur at amusement parks. Many such accidents are reported to regulatory authorities as usually required by law everywhere. The US Consumer Product Safety Commission tracks statistics for all amusement ride accidents. Accidents listed here are caused by one of the following: ***LIST***. According to the International Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions (IAAPA), a trade association for permanent amusement park facilities, 290 million tickets were sold by US amusement parks in 2010. All of Florida's major parks—which include the Walt Disney World Resort, SeaWorld Orlando, Universal Orlando, and Busch Gardens Tampa Bay—report quarterly details surrounding accidents and other incidents at their parks. A requirement for these reported incidents is that they be fatal incidents, or that the injured person had required an overnight hospital visit. Four examples of the types of incidents that have been reported to Florida's Bureau of Fair Rides Inspection are listed here: ***LIST***. From 2004 through 2009, the Orlando-area attractions that attracted the most guest lawsuits were: ***LIST***. Approximately 4,400 children are hurt each year on amusement park rides, but only 1.5% of those injuries are serious enough to require hospitalization. Between 1990 and 2000, around 82,000 children under 18 were taken to emergency rooms after suffering injuries from amusement park rides. An additional 11,000 suffered injuries on rides outside amusement parks, such as those found at local malls, restaurants, or arcades. Of those reported 82,000 incidents, 34% occurred at locations where the rides were considered permanent, 29% happened on temporary attractions, and 25% were not categorized. Girls were injured more often than boys. The most frequent injuries were to the head, neck, arms, face, and legs. Most injuries reported appeared to be due to improper restraints or padding, or were caused by the child falling in, on, off, or against the ride.

2,5-Hexanedione (Acetonylacetone) is an aliphatic diketone. In humans, it is a toxic metabolite of hexane and of 2-hexanone. The chronic toxicity of hexane is attributed to hexane-2,5-dione. The symptoms are tingling and cramps in the arms and legs, followed by general muscular weakness. In severe cases, atrophy of the skeletal muscles is observed, along with a loss of coordination and vision problems. Similar symptoms are observed in animal models. They are associated with a degeneration of the peripheral nervous system (and eventually the central nervous system), starting with the distal portions of the longer and wider nerve axons. It appears that the neurotoxicity of 2,5-hexanedione resides in its γ-diketone structure since 2,3-, 2,4-hexanedione and 2,6-heptanedione are not neurotoxic, while 2,5-heptanedione and 3,6-octanedione and other γ-diketones are neurotoxic. In fact, higher α-diketones, like 2,3-pentanedione and 2,3-hexanedione, are found in small amounts in various foods. They are used as aroma components in alcohol-free beverages and in baked goods. 2,5-Hexanedione reacts with critical lysine residues in axonal proteins by Schiff base formation followed by cyclization to give pyrroles. Oxidation of the pyrrole residues then causes cross-linking between two n-hexane-modified proteins. The resulting denaturation of proteins perturbs axonal transport and function and causes damage to nerve cells.

Beach House is an American dream pop band from Baltimore, Maryland, formed in 2004. The band consists of French-born Victoria Legrand (vocals, keyboards) and Baltimore native Alex Scally (guitar, keyboards). Their self-titled debut album was released in 2006 to critical acclaim and has been followed by "Devotion" in 2008, "Teen Dream" in 2010, "Bloom" in 2012, and "Depression Cherry" and "Thank Your Lucky Stars" in 2015. Vocalist and organist Victoria Legrand, who graduated from Vassar College in 2003, and guitarist Alex Scally, who graduated from Oberlin College in 2004, formed the band in 2004 after meeting in Baltimore's indie rock scene, producing music composed largely of organ, programmed drums, and slide guitar. Of the origins of the band name, Scally said: "We’d been writing music, and we had all these songs, and then there was that moment where you say ‘what do we call ourselves?’ We tried to intellectualize it, and it didn’t work. There were different plant-names, Wisteria, that kind of thing. Stupid stuff. But, once we stopped trying, it just came out, it just happened. And it just seemed perfect." In an interview with Pitchfork Media, Legrand addressed their two member status; "[I]t's a way to challenge ourselves: What do you do when it's just the two of you... [O]ne of the reasons this has been such a fulfilling experience for me is that with two people, it's so much easier to achieve things that feel exciting and new." The song "Apple Orchard" was featured on a Pitchfork Media MP3 mixtape in August 2006. In October 2006 the band's self-titled debut album, "Beach House", was released through Carpark Records. That year, Pitchfork Media ranked it 16th on its Best Albums list. Beach House's second album, "Devotion", was released on February 26, 2008. It was received with similar acclaim and was included in Pitchfork's Best Albums of 2008 list. On October 21, 2008, the group released the single "Used to Be". Beach House also recorded a cover of Queen's "Play the Game" for the iTunes Store release of the Red Hot Organization's 2009 compilation, "Dark Was The Night". In 2009, Legrand provided backing vocals on the song "Two Weeks" by the indie rock band Grizzly Bear. She later collaborated with the band again by providing vocals to "Slow Life", the band's contribution to the "Twilight: New Moon". In October 2010, the band contributed a charity T-shirt for the Yellow Bird Project to raise money for the House of Ruth women's shelter in Maryland, US for victims of domestic violence. "Teen Dream", the duo's "dynamic and intense" third album, was released on Sub Pop on January 26, 2010. The album was released in the UK by Bella Union and in Mexico by Arts & Crafts. It contains a newer version of their 2008 single "Used to Be". "Norway" was made available as a free download on the band's website on November 17, 2009; and promoted on iTunes as the Free Single of the Week starting January 12, 2010. The album was produced and engineered by Chris Coady (Yeah Yeah Yeahs, TV on the Radio, Grizzly Bear). The album's unanimously positive reviews have garnered the band a larger fan base, with Jay-Z and Beyoncé being spotted at the band's shows. "Teen Dream" was listed as No. 5 on Pitchfork's Top 50 Albums of 2010: Of the success of album and it being dubbed the group's "breakout" record by numerous publications, Legrand stated: "I see this as just another step in a direction. I would not want to say that 2010 will be our year, necessarily, I hope it’s just another year in which we do good work. I don’t want to be defined by this year, I want it to just be a beginning." The album was also included in the book "1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die". On March 7, 2012 the band streamed a new song, "Myth", from their website. The album "Bloom" was released on May 15, 2012 via Sub Pop. A second song from the album, "Lazuli", was released on April 13, 2012. Beach House was featured on the cover of Issue #80 of the Fader. A music video for "Lazuli" was released on June 6, 2012. It was directed by Allen Cordell, who also directed the video for "Walk in the Park" from "Teen Dream". A music video for the track "Wild" has also been released. A music video for "Wishes" directed by Eric Wareheim and starring Ray Wise was released on March 7, 2013. The band released a short film, "Forever Still", on February 4, 2013. The film, directed by the band and Max Goldman, was inspired by Pink Floyd's and features the band performing songs from "Bloom" at various sites around Tornillo, Texas, where the album was recorded. The idea for the film came from the band's desire to make quality promotional content they could control artistically: "We had previously been involved in too many live sessions, radio tapings, photo shoots, etc., where the outcome was far below our personal artistic standards. We also felt a need to distance ourselves from the 'content' culture of the internet that rewards quantity over quality and shock over nuance." On May 26, 2015 the band announced the release of their fifth album "Depression Cherry". The album was released on August 28 via Sub Pop (on Bella Union in the UK) and the band announced a world tour in support. Talking of the direction of the new album, the band said "In general, this record shows a return to simplicity, with songs structured around a melody and a few instruments, with live drums playing a far lesser role. With the growing success of Teen Dream and Bloom, the larger stages and bigger rooms naturally drove us towards a louder, more aggressive place; a place farther from our natural tendencies. Here, we continue to let ourselves evolve while fully ignoring the commercial context in which we exist.". This LP was praised by the critic. On October 7, 2015, the band announced a sixth album, entitled "Thank Your Lucky Stars", which was released on October 16, 2015. On September 28, 2015, popular music webzine "Spin" reported that the band had performed a new song called "Helicopter Dream (I'm Awake)" on Flaming Lips frontman Wayne Coyne's new podcast. Other music webzines also reported on the purported new track, including "Consequence of Sound", "Fact", and "Stereogum" However, according to the band's representatives, the song was a fake. In an email to "Spin", their representatives state, "It is not a new song. Not even their voices on that podcast. This led to a thinkpiece from the gossip blog "Gawker", which used the hoax as an example of "how easy it is to fool a blogger". Notably, reaction to the fake track was largely favorable, with "Spin" calling it a "fuzzy space-odyssey" and "Consequence of Sound" describing it as "a reverb-soaked number." Even the band itself gave a positive review, tweeting, "To whoever made that fake podcast interview, we like your helicopter dream song." In February 2017, the band announced a North American tour and a b-side collection. On May 17, 2017, the band released "Chariot", which appears on their "B-Sides and Rarities" compilation album, released on June 30, 2017. Singer Victoria Legrand's vocals have often been compared to those of Nico. Some music outlets have also compared Legrand's vocals to 1980s psychedelic rock vocalist Kendra Smith of the band Opal. Guitarist Alex Scally plays a Fender Stratocaster guitar in an E♭ Tuning. The group's influences include This Mortal Coil, Cocteau Twins, The Zombies, Brian Wilson, Françoise Hardy, Neil Young, Big Star, Tony, Caro and John and Chris Bell. Beach House re-recorded the Tony, Caro and John song "Snowdon Song" and renamed it "Lovelier Girl". The song was released on the band's self-titled album with no attribution. Initially, Tony Dore of Tony, Caro and John stated, "I haven't seen much yet in terms of royalties or acknowledgement of authorship". Several months later, however, Dore disclosed that discussions had taken place to apply proper attribution on re-releases of the self-titled album. The band has toured extensively worldwide. Of touring, Legrand stated: "[W]e love touring. That's when you get to get into a rhythm, playing every night. It can be really fun. And I think you learn where you want to go with your music." In March 2009, the band was featured at the SXSW festival in Austin, Texas. In April 2010, the band performed at the Coachella Music and Arts Festival in Indio, California. In June 2010, the band surmounted "technical difficulties due to too much MDMA" while playing a set on The Park Stage at Glastonbury. In August 2010, the band joined Vampire Weekend on tour as one of their two opening acts, the other being the Dum Dum Girls. In October 2010, Beach House played at the Austin City Limits Music Festival. On December 20, 2010 the band performed on "Conan". The band was chosen by Animal Collective to perform at the All Tomorrow's Parties festival they curated in May 2011, and also by Portishead to perform at the ATP I'll Be Your Mirror festival that they curated in July 2011 at London's Alexandra Palace. On May 29, 2011 the band played at the Sasquatch! Music Festival. On July 31, 2011 the band played at the Fuji Rock music festival in Niigata, Japan. On October 16, 2011, the band played at the Treasure Island Music Festival. On May 18, 2012, they appeared on the "Late Show with David Letterman" and on Sunday July 15, 2012, they performed the closing set on the Red Stage during the Pitchfork Music Festival. In May 2012, the band appeared on "Later... with Jools Holland" playing "Myth" and "Lazuli" from their 2012 album, "Bloom". On July 26, 2012 they performed the "Bloom" cuts "Wild" and "Wishes" on "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon". On October 17, 2015, the band performed a song from their album "Thank Your Lucky Stars" (which debuted the same night) on "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert". Beach House performed at Coachella 2016 as well as Pickathon 2016 outside of Portland, Oregon and FYF Fest 2016 in Los Angeles, California. On July 15, 2016, the band headlined the Pitchfork Music Festival in Chicago, Illinois. On August 13 the band played at the Eaux Claires music festival in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.

George Truman Morrell was born 29 January 1830 in Dinan, Brittany, France, a British subject. He was the second son of a naval officer, Arthur Fleming Morrell, and Elizabeth Reid, who was the daughter of a pay officer at the Plymouth Dockyard. His eldest brother, Charles Walter Morrell, died in 1839, aged 11. His younger brother, Arthur Morrell, also born in Dinan became a Rear-Admiral in the Royal Navy. George joined the Royal Navy in 1842 at age 12, a first class volunteer aboard HMS "Calcutta", commanding. He would spend seven years as a midshipman, before becoming a mate aboard HMS "Excellent" in 1849. He was then acting lieutenant on several occasions, before being confirmed to that rank in 1851. In 1866, the Foreign Office reported on "great judgement" displayed by George during a daring expedition up the Niger River aboard HMS "Investigator", a journey he documented in his journal. During his naval career, George served aboard the following ships: ***LIST***. He was paid off from the navy in 1869, and then served for a short period with the coast guard in Sligo, Ireland, as a division lieutenant. He documented his final year of service in Ireland in another journal, filled with details such as the loss of ships and crew, the recovery of drowning victims ("30th June - Bodies of two young women aged about 16 & 18 both sweetly pretty, laying in our boat house, having been brought off Black rocks near L. House on Saturday, to await coroner's inquest on Monday, 30th June"), and discipline meted out to coast guardsmen ("Sept. 9th - Mr. King to lose one good conduct stripe"). George married Ellen Mary Stretton (born c. 1835, died 21 December 1903), of Islington, in a ceremony on 29 August 1861, at St Michael, Highgate, Middlesex. The family was mainly settled in Kent, however his son Patrick was born in Dublin, Ireland, during his service in the coast guard. Together, they had several children. They were: ***LIST***. George lived in Belvedere, Kent, at the time of his death on 7 May 1912. In late 1865, George, who was then a lieutenant, was given command of HMS "Investigator", a steam-powered, flat-bottomed British navy gunship. He spent the next several months steaming the ship up the Niger River, bringing gifts from the British government, in Queen Victoria's name, to tribal kings and elders along the river. During the voyage, George mediated a dispute between British colonists and Obi Akazua, who reigned amongst the people at Onitsha, Nigeria. He observed first-hand the slave trade, which flourished locally despite the cessation of the trade throughout most of the western world. He recorded his interactions in a handwritten diary, including coloured illustrations of aspects of contemporary West African life along the river, such as this drawing of a brass canoe fitted with an awning and armed with cannons, used for local trade along the river.

Liberty Reservoir is a reservoir west of Baltimore, Maryland; about a mile north of Patapsco Valley State Park's McKeldin area. It is owned by the City of Baltimore Department of Public Works, but is located outside of the city, and it divides Baltimore and Carroll Counties. This 1,225 hectare (3,100 acre) was the former site of the town of Oakland Mills, and the Melville Woolen Mills. The land was purchased from the Melville family in the 1930s. A rumor swirled that Oakland would be destroyed, but few left. An announcement was finally made in 1942 that a reservoir was to be built, but reality hit in 1947, when the timber cutters came to town. In 1951, the government bought the Melville Woolen Mill for $1.5 million. It bought the farms and houses that were in the way of the lake. The tenant workers were forced to leave. The mill was dynamited, although its five-story shell remained. It took years for the water to rise high enough to cover the crumbling walls. Over several years, the natural springs, tributaries, and other water sources filled in where Oakland Mills once stood to create the reservoir. Water overflowed the crest for the first time on February 6, 1956. The North Branch of the Patapsco River is the primary tributary that feeds the reservoir. Other tributaries include Beaver Run, Keyer's Run, Prugh Run, Morgan Run, Middle Run, Locust Run, and Cooks Branch. Reservoir length is 11 mi (18 km) with a shoreline length at full pool of 81 mi (131 km). The average depth is 59 ft (18 m) with a maximum depth of 144 ft (44 m). The reservoir is open to a vast array of activities. Patrons can bike, hike, fish, birdwatch, and relax. Prohibited activities include camping, fires, swimming and alcohol consumption. Although not allowed, it is often very common to find swimmers in the heat of the summer, typically the area's teenagers. Baltimore Environmental Police Officers are now patrolling all three of the cities watersheds. As of late 2014, the dam tourist area lookout has been fenced sometime recently; providing a taller barrier for those adventurous. The trails around the reservoir consist of unpaved fire access roads, which are generally kept clear, and many miles of single track. There is a firing range north of the dam that is used by the Maryland State Police.

Erik Dean Prince (born June 6, 1969) is an American businessman and former U.S. Navy SEAL officer best known for founding the government services and security company Blackwater USA, now known as Academi. He served as its CEO until 2009 and later as chairman, until Blackwater Worldwide was sold in 2010 to a group of investors. Prince currently heads the private equity firm Frontier Resource Group and is chairman of Hong Kong-listed Frontier Services Group Ltd. He lives in both Middleburg, Virginia and Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Prince was born on June 6, 1969 in Holland, Michigan, the son of Edgar D. Prince and his wife, Elsa (Zwiep), and the youngest of four children. He graduated from Holland Christian High School. Prince's father had started as a salesman making 40 cents an hour, who founded a die cast machine manufacturing firm, Prince Machine Corporation, in 1965, which became a supplier to the automobile manufacturing industry and eventually a billion-dollar company. As business "exploded" Prince began to invest some of the profit through the Prince Group into other types of car parts and shopping malls, creating a network of companies and real estate worth a billion dollars. In the early 1970s, Edgar Prince's company patented a sun visor that could light up and sold 5,000 to General Motors. In the '90s, the company produced 20,000 a day. Prince and his father toured the world together, visiting the Dachau concentration camp in Germany, a divided Berlin, and Normandy. According to his mother, these trips "made a big impression" on the young Prince. Prince was accepted into the United States Naval Academy and attended it for three semesters before leaving, citing that he loved the Navy but disliked the Academy. He went on to receive his B.A. in economics from Hillsdale College in 1992. During his time at Hillsdale, Prince served as a volunteer firefighter and as a cold-water diver for the Hillsdale County Sheriff's Department. Prince eventually became an emergency medical technician. In 1990, Prince secured a low-level internship in the White House under George H.W. Bush, but soon left to intern for California congressman Dana Rohrabacher, President Ronald Reagan's former speechwriter. Rohrabacher described Prince as "a bright, driven young man." At the age of 21, Prince volunteered to search for a mass grave in Nicaragua, to expose killings under President Daniel Ortega and later said that he had found one. After college, Prince was commissioned as an officer in the United States Navy via Officer Candidate School in 1992. He went on to become a Navy SEAL and deployed with SEAL Team 8 to Haiti, the Middle East, and the Balkans. He credits the SEALs for being an outlet for his entrepreneurial spirit. In his autobiography he states that during the Yugoslav Wars in the early 1990s, he realized the need for private training facilities for special operations. Prince ended his U.S. Navy service prematurely in 1995 when his father died. Erik assumed control of daily operations at Prince Machine Corporation for a year until 1996 when his mother sold the company for $1.35 billion in cash to Johnson Controls. Prince moved to Virginia Beach and personally financed the formation of Blackwater Worldwide in 1997. He bought of the Great Dismal Swamp of North Carolina and set up a school for special operations. The name "Blackwater" comes from the peat-colored bogs in which the school is located. Prince credits the 1994 Rwandan genocide with his decision to start Blackwater. He later said, "It really bothered me. It made me realize you can't sit back and pontificate. You have to act." From 1997 to 2010, Blackwater was awarded $2 billion in government security contracts, more than $1.6 billion of which were unclassified federal contracts and an unknown amount of classified work. From 2001 to 2010, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) awarded up to $600 million in classified contracts to Blackwater and its affiliates. It became the largest of the State Department's three private security companies, providing 987 guards for embassies and bases abroad. Prince built a shooting range on his rural Virginia land to serve as a nearby training facility to CIA headquarters in Langley, Va. In his memoir Prince says that he provided the CIA with links to Afghan warlords who helped "topple the Taliban and drive al Qaeda into hiding." Blackwater came under increasing criticism after the Nisour Square massacre in September 2007, in which Blackwater employees opened fire in a crowded square in Baghdad, killing 17 Iraqi civilians and seriously wounding 20 more. Three guards were convicted in October 2014 of 14 manslaughter charges, and another of murder, in a U.S. court. The criticism continued after president Barack Obama took office in 2008. Prince said he believes that much of this criticism stems from politics. "I put myself and my company at the CIA's disposal for some very risky missions," Prince told "Vanity Fair" for its January 2010 issue. "But when it became politically expedient to do so, someone threw me under the bus." Nevertheless, in 2010 the Barack Obama administration awarded the company a $120 million United States Department of State security contract and about $100 million in new CIA work . Prince has defended Blackwater's work, pointing to the fact that in 40,000 personal security missions, only 200 involved guards firing their weapons. He has said, "No one under our care was ever killed or injured. We kept them safe, all the while we had 30 of our men killed." Prince, according to author Robert Young Pelton, reportedly thinks of Blackwater's relationship to the military as something similar to FedEx's relationship to the U.S. Post Office: "an efficient, privatized solution to sclerotic and wasteful government bureaucracy." He credits his father's competitive streak in the automotive business with the inspiration to design a lighter, faster army. Prince resigned as CEO of Blackwater on March 2, 2009, and remained chairman of the board until he sold the company in late 2010 to a group of investors. Prince was part of a CIA task force created to kill terrorists. Allegedly, the House intelligence congressional committee leaked his name to the press. Prince has said that he is convinced that former CIA director Leon Panetta outed him as a CIA asset, after shutting down the covert CIA training operation in 2009. After Blackwater faced mounting legal problems in the United States, Prince was hired by the crown prince of Abu Dhabi and moved to Abu Dhabi in 2010. His task was to assemble an 800-member troop of foreign troops for the U.A.E., which was planned months before the Arab Spring. He helped the UAE found a new company named Reflex Responses, or R2, with 51 percent local ownership, carefully avoiding his name on corporate documents. He worked to oversee the effort and recruit troops, among others from Executive Outcomes, a former South African mercenary firm hired by several African governments during the 1990s to defeat violent rebellions in addition to protecting oil and diamond reserves. In January 2011, the Associated Press reported that Prince was training a force of 2,000 Somalis for anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden. The program was reportedly funded by several Arab countries, including the United Arab Emirates and backed by the United States. Prince's spokesman, Mark Corallo, said Prince has "no financial role" in the project and declined to answer any questions about Prince's involvement. The Associated Press quotes John Burnett of Maritime Underwater Security Consultants as saying, "There are 34 nations with naval assets trying to stop piracy and it can only be stopped on land. With Prince's background and rather illustrious reputation, I think it's quite possible that it might work." Prince currently heads a private equity firm called Frontier Resource Group and is chairman of Frontier Services Group Ltd, a Bermuda-incorporated logistics and transport company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Frontier Services Group is backed by China's state-owned CITIC Group and Hong Kong-based investor Chun Shun Ko. Prince's ventures advise and support Chinese investment in oil and gas in Africa. In May 2014, it was reported that Prince's plan to build a diesel refinery in South Sudan, in which $10 million had already been invested, was suspended. The halted refinery project was reported to be supported personally by the country's president, Salva Kiir Mayardit. Frontier Services Group was reported to be paid $23.3 million by South Sudan's Ministry of Petroleum to transport supplies and perform maintenance on oil production facilities. As part of Prince's Africa-focused investment strategy, Frontier Services Group purchased stakes in two Kenyan aviation companies, Kijipwa Aviation and Phoenix Aviation, to provide logistics services for the country's oil and gas industry. In October 2014, the Kenya Civil Aviation Authority denied Kijipwa Aviation an aviation license renewal. Prince also purchased a 25% stake in Austrian aviation company Airborne Technologies. In 2014, Prince commissioned the company to modify Thrush 510G crop-dusters with surveillance equipment, machine guns, armor, and other weapons, including custom pylons that could mount either NATO or Russian ballistics. One of the modified crop-dusters was delivered to Salva Kiir Mayardit's forces in South Sudan shortly before a contract with Frontier Services Group was cancelled. Frontier Services Group owns two of the modified Thrush 510Gs, but since executives learned the craft had been weaponized by Prince, the company has declined to sell or use the aircraft to avoid violating U.S. export controls. In 2016 Prince supported Republican candidate Donald Trump for President of the United States. Prince had no formal role in Trump's transition. In December 2016 Prince visited the transition team offices in New York City. In April 2017 as part of a broader investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections the Federal Bureau of Investigation is investigating a January 11, 2017 meeting in the Seychelles at which Prince presented himself as an unofficial representative of Trump. Prince describes himself as a practicing Roman Catholic. He converted to Catholicism in 1992. Prince describes himself as a libertarian. He has said, "I'm a very free market guy. I'm not a huge believer that government provides a whole lot of solutions. Some think that government can solve society's problems. I tend to think private charities and private organizations are better solutions." Prince credits his time as a White House intern with some of his political views. He said that "having that White House internship responsibility and badges, I walked around some of these other cavernous federal agencies, and you want to talk about depressing? Walk through HHS or HUD or Commerce, you name it. Leviathan realized." Speaking of his internship, Prince said, "I saw a lot of things I didn't agree with--homosexual groups being invited in, the budget agreement, the Clean Air Act." Disenchanted, Prince became a backer of presidential candidate Pat Buchanan. Prince has advocated for a leaner, more efficient military. He suggests several ways to make the military more efficient without compromising security. His suggestions include: greater accountability of costs, using appropriate equipment for each job, reduction of overhead, and operational and procurement reform. Between 1998 and 2007, Prince donated more than $200,000 to Republican and third-party causes. In 2006, Prince contributed money to the Green Party of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. In 2016 Prince contributed $250,000 to Donald Trump’s presidential campaign, as well as a Trump-aligned super PAC helmed by Rebekah Mercer. Prince has often donated to a number of Christian causes and supports a Muslim orphanage in Afghanistan. Prince also serves as vice president of the Prince Foundation, which his family founded. Prince is the brother of United States Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos, and the brother-in-law of former Alticor (Amway) president Dick DeVos. Prince's first wife, Joan, died of cancer in 2003. He later wrote that he had an affair with Joanna Houck, his children's nanny, while his wife was dying. Prince and Houck married in 2004. Prince has seven children. His youngest child, Charles Donovan, was named after William "Wild Bill" Donovan.

Arabian Nights is a 1942 adventure film starring Sabu, Maria Montez, Jon Hall and Leif Erickson and directed by John Rawlins. The film is derived from "The Book of One Thousand and One Nights" but owes more to the imagination of Universal Pictures than the original Arabian stories. Unlike other films in the genre ("The Thief of Bagdad"), it features no monsters or supernatural elements. The film is one of series of "exotic" tales released by Universal during the war years. Others include "Cobra Woman, Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves" and "White Savage". This is the first film by Universal to use the three-strip Technicolor film process. The story starts at a harem in Persia, where the elderly overseer bids his young charges to read the story of Haroun al-Rashid (Hall) and his wife Sherazade (Montez), unfolding the film's plot in the process. Sherazade, a dancer in a wandering circus owned by Ahmad (Billy Gilbert) - whose troupe also includes Sinbad the Sailor and Aladdin, who have seemingly fallen on hard times -, had captured the attention of Kamar (Erickson), the brother of caliph Haroun al-Rashid. In his infatuation with her, and because of a prophecy which names her as the future queen, Kamar had attempted to seize the throne, but was captured and sentenced to slow death by exposure. As Haroun visits his brother, for whom he feels pity, Kamar's men storm the palace and free their leader; outnumbered, Haroun is forced to flee. He manages to get near the plaza where Sherazade's circus is performing and is spotted by the young acrobat Ali Ben Ali (Sabu), who finds out his identity and decides to hide him in the circus, confiding only in Sherazade (though he does not tell her about the fugitive's true identity). Upon awakening from the wounds he had received in his flight, Haroun beholds Sherazade and instantly falls in love with her. Meanwhile, Kamar, thinking that Haroun is dead, assumes the throne of Baghdad, but to his chagrin Sherazade is not to be found, and he orders the captain of his guard (Turhan Bey) to find her. But then the scheming Grand Vizier Nadan (Edgar Barrier) approaches the captain with the order to make Sherazade 'disappear', and upon finding them the captain decides to sell the troupe into slavery. But due to a witness the captain is exposed, and in order to preserve his plans, Nadan first gets him to confess and then murders him. Haroun, Sherazade, and the acrobats manage to escape the slave pens and flee to the border, where they are found by Kamar's army and taken to a tent city in the desert. Kamar proposes to Sherazade, but she has in the meantime fallen in love with Haroun. Also, Nadan recognizes the caliph and his affection for Sherazade, and he uses this knowledge to blackmail Sherazade into helping him in his scheme: in exchange for Haroun's freedom, she is to poison Kamar during the wedding ceremony, upon which Nadan would assume rulership for himself. In secret, however, he plans to have Haroun killed once he has crossed the border. Upon learning of this insidious scheme, Ali confides in his fellow performers, and they rush to free Haroun; then Haroun decides to free Sherazade with the help of the acrobats, while Ali is to summon the troops still loyal to him. Haroun and the others are quickly captured, and Sherazade and the retainers learn of his true identity. Kamar engages his brother in a sword fight, while Ahmad and the acrobats set the tents on fire; the arrival of Ali and the caliph's army triggers a massive battle with Kamar's men. Finally, as Kamar prepares to deliver the deathstroke to Haroun, Nadan shows his true allegiance by assassinating Kamar personally. But as he prepares to finish Haroun, Ahmad and Ali interfere, forcing him to flee. But a spear thrown into his back stops him, and he dies in a burning tent; Haroun, Sherazade, their friends and the loyal subjects celebrate victory. Walter Wanger had just joined Universal for whom he had made "Eagle Squadron". Looking for a follow up he noted the box office success of "The Thief of Bagdad" which starred Sabu, who was under contract to Universal. The studio announced they would make the film on 24 March 1942. Montez, Hall and Sabu were always meant to star. John Rawlins was assigned to direct and filming started in June. Even before filming began Universal announced the trio of leads would appear in a follow up "Cobra Woman". Shortly after that the studio said they would appear in another film "White Savage". The movie was the first shot in colour on the Universal lot in 12 years. Parts of the film were shot in the Coral Pink Sand Dunes State Park in Utah. Bosley Crowther of "The New York Times" panned "Arabian Nights", complaining that it "bears just about as much resemblance to the body of stories generally known by that name as a pulpwood fiction resembles Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tales ... It is not the story of Sinbad, the fabulous sailor, nor of Aladdin and his lamp, nor does it contain a Magic Carpet nor even a Flying Horse. It is just a conventional fiction, dressed up in flashy costumes..." "Variety" liked the film better, calling it "a colorful and actionful entertainment in tune with present audience requirements ... script and direction keep things moving at consistently fast clip, with dialog crisp throughout." "Harrison's Reports" called it "an exciting, fast-moving extravaganza" though "hampered by a weak story." "Film Daily" wrote: "The film captures with tremendous success all the riotous color and excitement of Araby of the story books ... [Wanger] must have spent a fortune in costumes and sets and has dressed the whole production in a show of color that has never been equalled on the screen." David Lardner of "The New Yorker" called the film "muddled" and suggested that Hollywood had been experiencing difficulty finding new roles for Sabu ever since "Elephant Boy". The film was a big hit and earned a profit of $1,851,921. It earned rentals of $1.7 million in 1943 alone. It was one of the most popular films in France in 1946 with admissions of 4,498,985. "Arabian Nights" was nominated for four Academy Awards: Best Score, Best Cinematography, Best Sound (Bernard B. Brown) and Best Art Direction (Alexander Golitzen, Jack Otterson, Russell A. Gausman and Ira S. Webb).

The Minnesota State Academy for the Deaf (MSAD) is a public residential school serving deaf children in Minnesota, United States. It is one of two Minnesota State Academies in Faribault and operated by the state for particular student populations. When the school was established in 1863, it was named the Minnesota School for the Deaf (MSD). In 1986, the name was changed to the Minnesota State Academy for the Deaf. Two buildings are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, both designed by state architect Clarence H. Johnston, Sr.: the Administration Building/Girls' Dormitory, in a Georgian Revival style, and Noyes Hall, in a Classical Revival style. MSAD is a bilingual school where the students are taught through American Sign Language and use English in writing and reading. It offers programs ranging from infants to high school specialized for deaf children. The school is fully accredited by the North Central Association and Conference of Educators and Administrators Serving the Deaf (CEASD). Preschool and elementary students are in Quinn Hall. The middle school students are in Noyes Hall. High school students are in Smith Hall. MSAD is a residential school. It has two dormitories where students reside throughout the week. Students typically arrive on Sunday evenings and depart on Friday afternoons. Transportation is provided by the students' respective school districts. Parents can choose to pick up and drop off their child(ren) at the campus. Dormitories are for students who live more than 20 miles from the campus. Students who live within 20 miles of the campus are called "day students." Frechette Hall is where the boys reside, and Tate Hall is where the girls reside. MSAD residential programs offers extracurricular activities, peer interaction, student growth and development, achievement, and more. ***LIST***. MSAD's original mascot was the Gophers. MSAD changed its mascot to Hilltoppers. In 1972, the students voted to change from Hilltoppers to Trojans because the students felt that Hilltoppers doesn't have a definite logo for its name.

Hector Calma (born March 2, 1960) is a retired Filipino professional basketball player. At 5 feet and 8 inches, he played at the point guard position and was most notably associated with the San Miguel Beer team of the Philippine Basketball Association. Calma first became known on the collegiate basketball scene as a point guard of the Adamson Falcons, which played in the UAAP. Calma was a member of the Adamson team which in 1978 captured for the first time the UAAP Men's Basketball Championship, a feat which the university has yet to accomplish again. Calma attained further prominence as a member of the national team which qualified for several international tournaments during the 1980s, under the patronship of Danding Cojuangco and the guidance of coach Ron Jacobs. He was at the helm of the 1982 squad that captured the Asian Youth Championship of that year, beating China in the finals. In 1985, with Calma starting at point guard, the national team unexpectedly captured the William Jones Cup, beating out in the process a highly regarded American team composed of NCAA Division I players and coached by Purdue's Gene Keady. The following year, the Philippine national team would win the Asian Basketball Confederation Championship for the first time since 1973. During that period, his widely reported relationship with the swimmer (and future TV host) Christine Jacob also kept his name in the public eye. Calma eventually married Ines Ortiz, a former employee of the San Miguel public relations office. In 1985, the national team, under the banner of Northern Consolidated Cement, competed as a guest team in the PBA, winning the 1985 PBA Reinforced Conference. This marked Calma's first appearance in the PBA, albeit as an amateur playing with a guest team. Calma's formal professional basketball career began at the age of 26 in the 1986 PBA Open Conference when he, along with several of his national teammates, were absorbed by San Miguel Beer when it rejoined the PBA under the name Magnolia Cheese after a brief period of disbandment. Within a year, the renamed San Miguel Beer, coached by Norman Black, would win its first PBA Championship with Calma starting at point guard. From 1987 to 1989, San Miguel would win 6 of 7 PBA conference championships, including the coveted Grand Slam in 1989. Calma was not known for his scoring, but his skills as a playmaker sparked the SMB offense during those storied years. In a team that featured explosive scorers such as Samboy Lim, Ricardo Brown, and Ramon Fernandez, Calma's playmaking skills was highly regarded. As a result, Calma was named three times to the PBA Mythical First Team, in 1987, 1988, and 1989. During those 3 years, Calma posted average of 10.6 points (on 50.3% shooting) and 5.3 assists per game. Yet as the 1990 official PBA Annual noted, "Numbers just can't determine this little guy's true worth - he just creates so many offensive situations which most often draw the line between victory and defeat." After the FIBA allowed in 1989 the participation of professional basketball players in international competitions, Calma was recruited twice to rejoin the Philippine National Team. Calma played in the 1990 and 1994 teams that participated in the Asian Games, the 1990 team capturing the silver medal. Calma's career faded in the 1990s with the emergence of younger point guards such as Ronnie Magsanoc and Johnny Abarrientos. Adding to this were the injuries he sustained both from his collegiate and professional years. Alongside teammate Ramon Fernandez, he decided to leave basketball as both players announced their retirement before the start of the 1995 season of the PBA. After his retirement, Calma became involved in the front office of the Coca-Cola Tigers and the San Miguel Beermen. He served as the team manager of the Beermen until the end of 2013. In 2000, Calma was named to the PBA's 25th Anniversary All-Time Team. He was joined in that honor by two of his teammates from the SMB Grand Slam team, Ramon Fernandez and Samboy Lim

Zanesville High School is a public high school in Zanesville, Ohio. Zanesville High School is the only public high school in the Zanesville City School District. The first Zanesville High School was built in downtown North 6th Street 1849 and opened its doors in 1855. In 1908, a new Zanesville High School was built across the street and named Lash High School in honor of Superintendent William D. Lash. The fourth version, was opened on September 9, 1954 on Blue Ave. This land was willed by John McIntire for public park/education. At the time of its opening, the "Times Recorder" said of the $4 million school, "you have to see it to believe it.". Old Lash High became Hancock Jr High until it was torn down in the early 1980s. From 1908 until the early 1980s ZHS was grades 10-12. From the early 1980s until today ZHS holds grades 9-12. The fifth Zanesville High School opened its doors on Tuesday, September 7, 2010 built on the same land as the old ZHS on Blue Ave. Zanesville High School contains 900 students in grades 9-12. It has a student/teacher ratio of 18 and 97% of its teachers are fully certified. The student body is 78% White/Non-Hispanic, 18% Black/Non-Hispanic and 3% multiracial with 1% unspecified. Clubs and activities include: Drama Club, Foreign Language, Ski Club and S.A.D.D. The Latin Club is now defunct. It once functioned as a local chapter of both the Ohio Junior Classical League (OJCL) and National Junior Classical League (NJCL). As members of the Ohio High School Athletic Association, the Zanesville Blue Devils sport 14 varsity teams. Most Blue Devil squads compete in Division II, although a few compete in Division I. Zanesville competes in the East Central Ohio League. ZHS sports teams in the following sports: Baseball (Boys), Basketball (Boys and Girls), Cheerleading, Cross Country, Football, Golf, Marching Band, Soccer (Boys and Girls), Softball (Girls), Swimming, Tennis (Boys and Girls), Track, Volleyball (Girls) Wrestling

The Flying Dutchman (or "De Vliegende Hollander" in Dutch) is a combination of a water coaster and a dark ride in amusement park Efteling in the Netherlands. It should have gone operational on April 16, 2006 Easter, exactly 328 years after the disappearance of the legendary Dutch man of war The Flying Dutchman; due to construction problems the opening was postponed to April 1, 2007. Willem van der Decken, a captain of the Dutch East India Company (VOC, the first limited company), is a wealthy trader in command of the fastest ship of the VOC, named the "Hollander" (Dutchman). But greed takes control of him and secretly he starts practicing piracy. He recruits his crew from orphanages. On Easter 1678, despite a heavy storm blowing into port, he sets sail for the Dutch East Indies. When all despair for this lack of fear for God, he proclaims: "I will sail, storm or not, Easter or not, prohibited or not. I will sail, even into eternity!" (Early Modern Dutch: "Ik zal vaeren, storm of gheen storm, Paesen of gheen Paesen, verbod of gheen verbod. Ik zal vaeren, al is het tot in den eeuwigheid!"). Against the wind he sailed toward damnation. The house of Van der Decken is part of the scenery for the queue line. After walking through this abandoned house the queue continues down into so-called 'smugglers' tunnels', where Van der Decken's treasure can be seen hidden behind a small door. The tunnel ends in the cellar of a pub in 17th-century style. In the harbor, under a dark clouded sky the coaster ride begins. The 14-person barge goes into open sea where it meets a holographic ghost ship, the Flying Dutchman, and dives under its bow into the Underworld. Here, it halts, and a ghostly voice is heard stating: "You shall also sail until the end of time!" (Early Modern Dutch: "Ook Gij zult vaeren, tot het einde der tijden!") The barge is then towed to a height of 22,5 meters. Doors open and the barge shoots in a curved declination through a tunnel. After this some airtime in a bunnyhop and an 85-degree horseshoe. A steep fall and a left curve bring the barge back into the water. A special technique allows for variation in the size of the “splash”, thus preparing the ride for winter opening. The music was composed by René Merkelbach and consists of 16 parts that are synchronous with the ride. The Prague philharmonic orchestra performed the music for the recording.

Sophisticated Ladies is a musical revue based on the music of Duke Ellington. The musical ran on Broadway in 1981. "Sophisticated Ladies" opened on Broadway at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre on March 1, 1981 and closed on January 2, 1983 after 767 performances and fifteen previews. The musical was conceived by Donald McKayle, directed by Michael Smuin, and choreographed by McKayle, Smuin, Henry LeTang, Bruce Heath, and Mercedes Ellington. Scenic design was by Tony Walton, costume design by Willa Kim and lighting design was by Jennifer Tipton. The original cast included Gregory Hines, Judith Jamison, Phyllis Hyman, Hinton Battle, Gregg Burge, and Mercer Ellington. Hines' older brother Maurice joined the cast later in the run. In his review for "The New York Times", Frank Rich wrote that...the new musical revue at the Lunt-Fontanne, is an Ellington celebration that just won't quit until it has won over the audience with dynamic showmanship. It's not a perfect entertainment - let's save the flaws for later - but it rides so high on affection, skill and, of course, stunning music that the lapses don't begin to spoil the fun. What's more, this is the only Broadway revue of recent vintage that operates on a truly grand scale.

Parliamentary elections were held in Burundi on 4 July 2005. The result was a victory for the National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD–FDD), which won 64 of the 118 seats in the National Assembly Voting was largely peaceful throughout the country during election day. Observers deemed the polls generally free, fair, and transparent. Major political parties accepted the results as legitimate. Following the National Assembly elections, the Senate was indirectly elected on 29 July. Of the 49 Senate members, 34 were elected by electoral colleges formed by councillors, three were co-opted Twas, four were former Presidents, and eight further members were co-opted to ensure that at least 30% of its members were women. A total of 119 candidates stood for election to the Senate.

The Florida statewide teachers' strike of 1968 was a strike action in the state of Florida in February and March 1968 by teachers and other education workers belonging to the Florida Education Association (FEA). The cause of the strike was under-funding of the state's educational system at a time when attendance was rising sharply, and low pay and benefits for teachers. The strike lasted from a few days in some school districts to three months in others. Although a special session of the Florida Legislature approved higher taxes to pay for more school funding, FEA members felt the funding hikes were not enough and voted to continue striking. No additional funding was forthcoming, however, and most local affiliates of the FEA settled their contracts and went back to work by March. The 1968 Florida strike is considered the first statewide teachers' strike in United States history. The Florida Education Association was established in 1886 as an affiliate of the National Education Association (NEA). It was an association rather than a labor union, and was opposed to collective bargaining and strikes. In 1963, Pat Tornillo, a teacher in the Dade County school system, ran for the presidency of the Dade County Classroom Teachers Association (DCCTA). He won by calling for greater organizational militancy and the desegregation of teaching staff. Tornillo's election was a sign of a wave of union-like militancy sweeping the NEA in Florida and nationally. Since its inception, the NEA had rejected collective bargaining and strikes as unprofessional. But after the American Federation of Teachers won collective bargaining rights for teachers in New York City and formed the United Federation of Teachers, many NEA members began to push for the association to act more like a union. In 1961, about 200 of the NEA's largest urban locals formed the National Council of Urban Education Associations to push the national organization toward collective bargaining. The caucus was successful: The same year, the NEA Representative Assembly (RA) passed a resolution establishing an "Urban Project", adopting a policy of "professional negotiations" akin to collective bargaining, and requiring the NEA to provide staff, research and financial assistance to locals involved in "professional negotiations." By 1965, the NEA was providing nearly $885,000 a year to locals in support of "professional negotiations", up from a mere $28,000 in 1961. In 1962, pro-unionization forces in the NEA pushed to remove the organization's prohibition against strikes. They were unsuccessful, but did win approval of a "sanctions" policy. "Sanctions" included waging a public relations campaign against the school district, encouraging teachers to not accept teaching positions with the school system, refusing to provide unpaid services (such as tutoring or supervision of clubs), and political action to defeat anti-union politicians. "Sanctions" could be employed against any school district which, in the opinion of the local association, had engaged in "unethical or arbitrary" policies or which had refused "sound professional practices." The first time the NEA voted sanctions against an entire state was in Utah in 1963. Tornillo eagerly embraced professional negotiations and sanctions, and in 1966 he forced the Dade County school system to open negotiations with the DCCTA. Although the national NEA was obligated to provide assistance, the FEA was not and refused to become involved in Tornillo's professional negotiations. Nevertheless, the DCCTA won a contract. But FEA's reluctance to support the local association led Tornillo and other leaders to lobby the state association to become more militant. Florida, like many American states, strictly regulates the way in which local school districts may fund education. Property taxes are the largest source of income, and may be levied by each local school district under a formula controlled by the state legislature. However, the state of Florida also provides funds for a variety of educational programs under formulas established by in state law. These programmatic funds are often funded by the state's sales taxes and so-called sin taxes. In 1967, Florida's schools were suffering from a large influx of students. The post-World War II baby boom, U.S. migration, and emigration into the state had caused school enrollment to rise by more than 50 percent, yet little school building or hiring of new personnel had taken place. The underfunding of Florida public schools was acknowledged by most elected leaders, but there seemed little public demand for increased school funding. 1966 was an election year. Republican Claude R. Kirk, Jr. ran for governor and won, becoming the first Republican governor since 1877. Kirk had campaigned heavily on a promise to improve funding for education, but he also made a pledge not to raise taxes. During the 1967 legislature session, the FEA lobbied the state legislature hard for more funding for public schools. State legislative action had often been the only way for NEA locals to win better pay and working conditions prior to the enactment of the professional negotiations policy, so FEA was no newcomer to politics. FEA asked for a minimum teacher salary of $5,000 a year and a more equitable means of funding schools than property taxes. The Democratic-controlled state legislature approved a higher sales tax to provide for more school funding. But Kirk vetoed the budget, and Republican legislators upheld the veto. Many Florida teachers were angered by the Gov. Kirk's veto. An August 1967 rally at the Tangerine Bowl in Orlando drew 30,000 teachers, who demanded state action. FEA leaders began talking of holding a statewide strike. Spot strikes occurred throughout the state after the August rally. Even though public employee strikes are illegal in Florida, teachers in Pinellas and Broward counties struck in September. Schools in many districts closed, although no school districts were shuttered. Courts ordered the teachers back into the classroom, but hundreds of teachers still stayed out—some for several weeks. The September spot-strikes galvanized public opinion into supporting the changes the teachers demanded. Kirk called a special session of the legislature in January 1968. In a bipartisan effort, legislators raised taxes to expand state funding for school building and to pay for higher teacher salaries. Kirk signed the tax and funding package immediately. But most teachers felt the increases were not enough, and a statewide strike occurred. A special convention of the FEA voted to approve a resolution which condemned the increases as inadequate. In February 1968, FEA president Jane Arnold said the state association would support local teachers if they walked off the job. Thousands did. Since strikes were illegal, what actually happened were mass resignations. Schools closed in roughly two-thirds of Florida's counties. Many individual schools closed in those districts which managed to remain open and functioning. At the height of the strike, 25,712 educators—about 40 percent of the state's teachers—walked out. The impact of the strike was not uniform, however. Strikes lasted only a few days in some districts, while in others teachers walked picket lines for weeks. In Pinellas County, the local education association stayed out for six weeks, and some small groups of teachers struck for as long as three months. Kirk and the legislature stood firm, however, and refused to appropriate more money or raise taxes further. Local school districts began taking action to break the strike. Arnold and other FEA leaders were threatened with arrest. Tornillo was fined $30,000 and given a two-year jail term (which, after appeal, he was not forced to serve). School districts hired substitute teachers as strikebreakers, and local businesses paid their employees to teach classes. Most teachers went back after only a few weeks, when it became clear that public support for the teachers, weak at the beginning of the strike, had shrunk dramatically. "'We thought they (the public) would be with us,' Arnold said. 'We thought it would unite the community and the teachers. It did a little bit of the opposite. ... A lot of teachers lost their innocence. They thought the community liked them.'" Local education associations began to negotiate their own settlements, often agreeing to not challenge school districts for terminating the most militant teachers. By the end of March, nearly all teachers were back at work, and the strike was over. The strike was the nation's first statewide strike keeping more than 40 percent of Florida teachers at home. Although it did not achieve all the goals FEA had set, education funding rose significantly, but the organization felt that it did not rise enough to meet the needs identified by the teachers. From this perspective, the strike was not a success. However, FEA did obtain much higher funding for education and convinced Gov. Kirk to break his no-new-taxes pledge. The strike had a profound effect on the national NEA. Following the 1968 Florida strike, delegates to the NEA Representative Assembly (the organization's national governing body) approved a resolution which—for the first time—sanctioned teacher strikes (calling them "withdrawal of services") and denouncing state attempts to ban them. The resolution was a direct outcome of the statewide Florida strike. A longer-term effect of the strike was to dramatically improve the outlook for teachers' unions in Florida. FEA members were radicalized by the strike and the statewide federation later won significant court and legislative victories which legalized and promoted the formation of teacher and education unions in the state. Although the 1968 strike would lead to the fragmentation of the FEA in 1974, education unions merged back into one organization in 2000, and as of 2006 unions were recognized in school districts covering 90 percent of the state's education workers. FEA is now one of Florida's largest unions, and the second-largest in the Florida AFL-CIO.

Hulü Guang (斛律光) (515–572), courtesy name Mingyue (明月), was a general of the Chinese dynasty Northern Qi. During the late years of the dynasty—the reigns of Emperor Wucheng and Gao Wei, traditionally viewed as a period of corruption and debauchery when Northern Qi's once-powerful status was deteriorating—Hulü was viewed as the key pillar to the state and its army, maintaining the army's strength against rivals Northern Zhou and Chen Dynasty. The powerful officials Zu Ting and Mu Tipo, who had disagreements with him, however, falsely accused him of plotting treason, and in 572, Gao Wei believed those accusations and killed Hulü. Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou was very glad over the news and declared a general pardon, and in 578, Northern Qi fell to Northern Zhou. Hulü Guang was born in 515. His father Hulü Jin (斛律金) was one of the main Shule chieftains, subordinate to Northern Wei. Hulü Jin assisted the general Gao Huan in his campaigns to take control of the Northern Wei state, and after Gao Huan became Northern Wei's paramount general in 532, Hulü Jin became an honored general, viewed by Gao Huan in some ways more as an equal than as a subordinate, and this relationship continued after Northern Wei's division into Eastern Wei (under Gao's control) and Western Wei (under Yuwen Tai's control) in 534. Hulü Guang was probably Hulü Jin's oldest son, and in his youth, he was known for his fighting prowess, including horseriding and archery. Once, when accompanying Hulü Jin on a campaign against Western Wei, Hulü Guang hit Yuwen's secretary Mozhe Hui (莫者暉) with an arrow, leading to Mozhe's capture by Eastern Wei troops. Gao Huan was pleased and made him a general. After Gao Huan named his son Gao Cheng as his heir, Hulü Guang served on Gao Cheng's staff. In 547, Hulü Guang was created the Viscount of Yongle. Also in 547, Gao Huan died and was succeeded as regent by Gao Cheng. Gao Cheng immediately faced a major rebellion by the general Hou Jing, and Hulü was sent to serve under Murong Shaozong (慕容紹宗), the commander of the forces Gao Cheng sent against Hou. In a rare case where Hulü might have exhibited some uncharacteristic overexuberance, when Murong and his lieutenant Liu Fengsheng (劉豐生) were initially defeated by Hou, Hulü and his fellow junior general Zhang Shixian (張恃顯) rebuked Murong and Liu for their defeat. Murong responded, "I have met many opponents, but none is as difficult as Hou. Why do you not try to engage him and see." As Hulü and Zhang rode out to engage Hou, however, Murong warned them, "Do not cross the Guo River [(渦水)]." (Murong's troops and Hou's troops were by this point stalemated across the Guo River.) When Hulü challenged Hou by showing his bow and arrows but did not cross the Guo, Hou told him, "You came for glory, but I am trying to leave in fear of death. I am your father's friend. Why shoot at me? And how do you know not to cross the Guo? It must be Murong Shaozong who taught you." Hulü was unable to respond, and Hou subsequently had his subordinate Tian Qian (田遷) shoot and kill Hulü's horse, and Hulü was forced to withdraw. Hou then captured Zhang but released him, and both Hulü and Zhang fled back to Murong's camp. Murong then stated, "What have you seen now? Do not rebuke me." (In spring 548, Murong defeated Hou, who was forced to flee to Liang Dynasty. Historical records do not indicate whether Hulü contributed to the victory.) After Gao Cheng died in 549, his brother Gao Yang took over as regent, and in 550, he had Emperor Xiaojing of Eastern Wei yield the throne to him, ending Eastern Wei and establishing Northern Qi as its Emperor Wenxuan. Hulü Guang continued to serve as a general, and was created the Viscount of Xi'an. In 552, when Emperor Wenxuan made an attack against the Kumo Xi tribe (in the upper Liao River drainage area), Hulü accompanied him and contributed in the victory. Over the next few years, he served as a provincial governor on the borders with Northern Zhou, and was largely successful in border skirmishes, capturing a number of minor cities from Northern Zhou. In 560, after Emperor Wenxuan died and was succeeded by his son Emperor Fei, Hulü was made the governor of the important Bing Province (并州, modern central Shanxi). Also in 560, Emperor Fei's uncle Gao Yan the Prince of Changshan, with support from, among others, Hulü Jin, killed the prime minister Yang Yin and took power. Later that year, Gao Yan's mother and Emperor Fei's grandmother Grand Empress Dowager Lou Zhaojun deposed Emperor Fei and made Gao Yan emperor (as Emperor Xiaozhao). Hulü Guang was created the Duke of Julu, and later that year, when Emperor Xiaozhao created his son Gao Bainian crown prince, Emperor Xiaozhao, on account of Hulü Guang's achievements and loyalty, took Hulü Guang's first daughter as Gao Bainian's wife and crown princess. When Emperor Xiaozhao was near death in 561, however, believing that Gao Bainian was too young, he instead passed the throne to his brother Gao Zhan the Prince of Changguang, who took the throne as Emperor Wucheng. Hulü continued to serve under Emperor Wucheng. In 564, Emperor Wucheng killed Gao Bainian, and subsequently, Hulü's daughter and Gao Bainian's wife Princess Hulü, in distress, refused to eat, and she died a month thereafter. It was said that she died while holding tight to a jade tablet that Gao Bainian gave her, and that no one could pry it loose even after her death, until Hulü Guang was finally able to pry it from her hand. In spring 564, Northern Zhou, in alliance with Tujue, launched a major attack on Northern Qi, attacking the secondary capital Jinyang (晉陽, in modern Taiyuan, Shanxi) from the north and Pingyang (平陽, in modern Linfen, Shanxi) from the south. Hulü was sent to resist the southern prong, commanded by the Northern Zhou general Daxi Wu (達奚武), and was successful in his resistance. Subsequently, when Duan Shao (段韶) defeated the northern prong, Hulü informed Daxi of this and induced Daxi to retreat. When Hulü subsequently rendezvoused with Emperor Wucheng at Jinyang, Emperor Wucheng, in sadness and relief, hugged Hulü's head and cried. In winter 564, Daxi again attacked, this time against the important city of Luoyang. Emperor Wucheng sent Duan, Hulü, and his nephew Gao Changgong (高長恭) the Prince of Lanling to relieve Luoyang, and they defeated Northern Zhou troops, killing Daxi's lieutenant Wang Xiong (王雄), forcing Daxi to retreat. For this victory, Emperor Wucheng created Hulü with an additional title of Duke of Guanjun. Sometime during Emperor Wucheng's reign, Emperor Wucheng had taken Hulü's second daughter as the wife and crown princess of his son, the Crown Prince Gao Wei. In 565, at the urging of the officials He Shikai and Zu Ting, Emperor Wucheng passed the throne to Gao Wei and created Crown Princess Hulü empress. (Emperor Wucheng took the title of "Taishang Huang" (retired emperor) and retained most of imperial powers.) In summer 567, Hulü Guang's father Hulü Jin died. Hulü Guang resigned his posts to observe the customary three-year mourning period for his father, but was soon recalled to his posts by Emperor Wucheng. He inherited his father's title of Prince of Xianyang and continued to serve as chieftain of the Shule, and was also created an additional title of Duke of Wude. Around the new year 569, Emperor Wucheng died, and thereafter power was largely in the hands of his favorite (and Empress Dowager Hu's lover) He Shikai. Around the new year 570, the Northern Zhou general Yuwen Xian put the Northern Qi city Yiyang (宜陽, in modern Luoyang, Henan) under siege, and in spring 570, Hulü was sent to resist, and he defeated Yuwen Xian. However, the stalemate near Yiyang persisted. Hulü decided to take the war to Northern Zhou elsewhere, and in winter 570, he moved north and built forts north of the Fen River (汾水, flowing through modern Linfen), taking the previously unguarded border territory into Northern Qi control. While his subsequent battles in the region against the Northern Zhou generals Yuwen Xian and Wei Xiaokuan were largely indecisive, the region continued to be held by Northern Qi. In summer 571, he moved south again and defeated the Northern Zhou forces sieging Yiyang. As he subsequently returned to the capital Yecheng, however, he received an order to demobilize his troops. As many soldiers had not received their rewards yet, he submitted a secret petition to Gao Wei, requesting the emperor to send imperial messengers to the army to honor the soldiers. Gao Wei did not act immediately, however, and the army approached Yecheng without receiving any words from the emperor. Gao Wei was displeased that Hulü Guang brought the army close to the capital, and he summoned Hulü to the palace before sending messengers to honor the soldiers and demobilizing them. Nevertheless, honoring Hulü for his victory, he created Hulü yet an additional title of Duke of Qinghe. Later in 571, Gao Wei's brother Gao Yan (note different character than Emperor Xiaozhao) the Prince of Langye, angry at the hold that He Shikai had on power, killed him, and further mobilized his troops to consider seizing power and killing Gao Wei's wet nurse Lu Lingxuan and her son Mu Tipo, who had also become powerful. Hulü, while he approved of Gao Yan's killing of He Shikai, was still loyal to the emperor, and he intervened on the emperor's side, ordering Gao Yan's troops to disband, and they collapsed. Hulü seized Gao Yan and took him to the palace. At Hulü's urging, Gao Wei spared Gao Yan initially, although in winter 571 he nevertheless executed Gao Yan. By this point, Hulü's position had reached the pinnacle of an imperial official's career. The historian Li Yanshou (李延寿), in his "History of Northern Dynasties", described him in this way: However, by 572, Hulü was in serious conflict with the powerful officials Zu and Mu. He disliked Zu, and he often complained to his generals that Zu rarely consulted military generals. Once, when he was resting at a governmental building, Zu, who was blind, rode past him without realizing that Hulü was there, and never got off the horse as demanded by customs of the time. Hulü angrily stated, "Who does he think he is?" Zu, realizing that Hulü disliked him, bribed Hulü's servant and asked the servant about Hulü's opinion of him. The servant stated, "Ever since you came into power, the Minister Prince each night sighed and stated, 'With a blind man in power, the empire will surely be destroyed.'" Meanwhile, Mu had once requested to marry Hulü's daughter by a concubine, but Hulü refused. Further, when Mu requested that Gao Wei grant him the public fields at Jinyang, Hulü publicly opposed the action as being detrimental to the grazing of the army's horses. Zu and Mu therefore both despited Hulü. They therefore fostered suspicion of Hulü in the emperor's mind, and that suspicion was exacerbated by the fact that Empress Hulü was not favored by Gao Wei. At the same time, the Northern Zhou general Wei Xiaokuan, wanting to try to exploit Gao Wei's suspicions, decided to try to create a sense that Hulü would rebel. He wrote two songs in couplets, one of which read: The other read: He sent spies to spread the songs near Yecheng, and the songs soon became popular. Zu, exploiting the situation himself, added two more lines: Both Zu and Lady Lu then reported the song to Gao Wei to further foster his suspicion of Hulü. Gao Wei consulted another favorite, Han Zhangluan, who believed that he should not suspect Hulü, so Gao Wei initially took no action. Zu, however, would not relent, and he had Hulü's subordinate Feng Shirang (封士讓) make a secret submission indicating that when Hulü had brought the army close to Yecheng in 571, he was plotting a coup. Gao Wei believed it this time, and under Zu's suggestion, he awarded Hulü a horse, and then, as Hulü arrived at the palace to thank the emperor, he had his guard commander Liu Taozhi (劉桃枝) seize Hulü and strangle him to death. Hulü's clan was nearly all slaughtered—including his brother and fellow general Hulü Xian (斛律羨) and his sons Hulü Wudu (斛律武都), Hulü Shixiong (斛律世雄), and Hulü Hengqie (斛律恆伽). Only his youngest son Hulü Zhong (斛律鍾), who was only a few years old, was spared. Empress Hulü was deposed and confined to a subsidiary palace. Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou was so pleased at the news of Hulü's death that he declared a general pardon. In 578, after he had destroyed Northern Qi and entered Yecheng, he commented, with regard to Hulü, "If he were still alive, how can I get here?"(此人若在,朕豈能至鄴!) He posthumously created Hulü the Duke of Chong and had Hulü Zhong inherit the title.

Lê Hồng Phong High School for the Gifted (; formerly known as Petrus Ký High School) is a highly selective high school in Hồ Chí Minh City, Vietnam. Established in 1927, the school is one of the oldest high schools still operating in Vietnam. The school was the third high school founded in Saigon by the French colonialists, after the Collège Chasseloup-Laubat (now Le Quy Don High School) and Collège de Jeunes Filles Indigènes (now Nguyễn Thị Minh Khai High School). In 1925, Architect Hebrard de Villeneuve was commissioned to design a school in Chợ Quán. On 28 November 1927, a temporary branch of Collège Chasseloup-Laubat, called Collège de Cochinchine, was founded in Chợ Quán for native students. The branch was under the management of the Board at Collège Chasseloup-Laubat. The construction of the school was completed in 1928. On 11 August 1928, the interim Governor-General of French Indochina, René Robert, signed Decree no. 3116 to establish a native French secondary school (Lycée), combining Collège de Cochinchine and about 200 pupils from Collège Chasseloup Laubat. The Governor Blanchard de la Brosse named the school Lycée Petrus Trương Vĩnh Ký, for the Vietnamese Catholic who served the French colonial government. The school was known as Petrus Ký High School for almost a half-century. In 1941, the school was temporarily relocated to the Pedagogical College of Saigon due to the war. It resumed its regular teaching activities in the same year, at its own establishment. In 1945, the school was temporarily closed after evacuating to Tân Dĩnh district. It re-opened in April 1946 in a seminary on Lucien Mossard street. It returned to Chợ Quán in 1947. In 1961, it became a secondary school in the Southern Vietnamese educational system. In 1976, the school was renamed after a former general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, Lê Hồng Phong, and became a high school. In 1990, it was made a high school for the gifted students. Its current name is Lê Hồng Phong High School for the Gifted. Unlike most other high schools in Vietnam, the school admits its students by entrance examinations. A faculty of about 160 teachers, chosen from the top candidates at the National University of Education in Ho Chi Minh City, serves about 2400 students in three grades from 10th to 12th. Lê Hồng Phong conducts a rigorous entrance examination for admission. Its long-standing prestige as the foremost high school in the area attracts many applicants from South Vietnam and the competition is fierce. Students sit for exams in mathematics, literature, English, and must write a paper on one of the eleven subjects offered in the classes for majors. Students applying to the bilingual Vietnamese-French programme are admitted on a different panel. In the 2006-07 academic year, the school admitted 250 students into 12 classes for majors and 400 students into 8 classes for non-majors. The school offers 12 classes for majors, each specialising in a single subject including: Mathematics, Physics, Computer science, Chemistry, Biology, Geology, History, Literature, English, French, Chinese and Japanese. Students in these classes do not have to pay tuition fees. Upon applying to Lê Hồng Phong, applicants must specify the section in which to study. A section is a study programme in which the student chooses to specialise in three out of the eleven mandatory subjects. The entrance examination papers for each section differ in level of difficulty of each subject. ***LIST***. Students in the classes for non-majors pay nominal tuitions. The bilingual French-Vietnamese programme is taught in both languages. At the end of 12th grade, students attend two examinations: the Vietnamese National Baccalaureate and the Bilingual Baccalaureate recognized by the Francophone community. The prominent student organisation at Lê Hồng Phong is the Youth Division of the Communist Party of Vietnam. The organisation organises annual recreational and charity events, many of which have become school traditions. Almost 100% of the school's students pass the National Baccalaureate examination and more than 90% gain entrance to universities and colleges. The school is a strong contestant in the national and international student academic competitions. In the school year 2006-2007, 291 students from Lê Hồng Phong won the City Student Academic Aptitude competition in 12 subjects and 23 students won the National competitions. It is one of the two best-known high schools in Hồ Chí Minh City, together with High school for the Gifted (Nang Khieu High School). In 1940, the Petrus Ký Student Club was founded. The club organised extra-curricular activities including performing arts, sports, camping, attracting students from within and outside Petrus Ký. It was during this time that the students Lưu Hữu Phước and (later ambassador) wrote "La Marche des Étudiants" song, the predecessor of the patriotic "Tiếng Gọi Thanh Niên (Call to the Young)", "Tiếng Gọi Công Dân (Call to the Citizens)" and "Quốc Ca của Việt Nam Cộng Hòa (The National Anthem of the Republic of Vietnam, National anthem of South Vietnam)". Within a year, the club and its activities were prohibited by the French-Indochina government. In 1942, Petrus Ký students, inspired by students in Hanoi, founded an organisation named S.E.T. (Section Exécution Tourisme). The organisation functioned as a scout programme aiming at developing character, citizenship, and personal fitness qualities. During this time, several Petrus Ký professors such as Phạm Thiều, Lê Văn Chí and Trần Văn Thanh, also subtly professed their patriotism in lectures. As France re-occupied Vietnam, in 1948, Petrus Ký students were the leaders in the movement "Teach and Learn in Vietnamese". On 10 September 1949, the first day of the academic year, students of several schools together with scholars and parents went on strike. The government closed Petrus Ký and Gia Long schools and imprisoned a number of students. On 9 January 1950, over 2000 students from Petrus Ký, Gia Long, Áo tím and Kỹ Thuật [...] protested in front of the Ministry of Education and then the Governor Palace. The government tried to disperse the crowd; however, the number of protesters had risen to more than 50,000. The police started firing into the crowd and Tran Van On, a student from Petrus Ký, was killed. Three days later, the city went on strike to attend On's funeral. Students from Mỹ Tho, Cần Thơ, Huế, and Hanoi came to Saigon to participate in the ceremony, carrying protesting banners. More than 1,000,000 people were present at the funeral. This was the largest funeral in Saigon since that of Phan Chu Trinh in 1925. On 14 July 1954, Petrus Ký student started the movement to demand independence and democracy at the school by drawing slogans on walls and blackboards, openly supporting the Geneva Accord. On 30 March 1955, conflicts between the national army and Bình Xuyên arms broke out. Bình Xuyên's volunteer force stationed itself at Petrus Ký. On 30 April 1955, the national army expelled Bình Xuyên. On 1 May 1955, Petrus Ký students formed a committee to help victims of the conflict. The committee was able to gather considerable amount of money and aids for the people. In 1970, Petrus Ký students organised a strike and a take-over of the Cambodian Embassy to protest against Lon Nol's massacre of Vietnamese expats living in Cambodia. In 1972, Nguyen Thai Binh, a school alumnus studying in the United States, participated in anti-war demonstrations and wrote a letter to then U.S. President Nixon condemning crimes against the Vietnamese people. While being deported from the U.S. back to Vietnam, he attempted to hijack the Pan American 747 as it approached Saigon. He was shot dead by a vacationing American police officer. On 30 April 1975, the South Vietnam Liberation Force, headed by General Trần Văn Trà, was stationed at the school. The school was temporarily closed until July 1975 and the class of 1974-1975 took their final examinations and graduated in September 1975.

Sarfraz Manzoor (; born 9 June 1971) is a British journalist, documentary maker, and broadcaster. He is a regular contributor to "The Guardian", presenter of documentaries on BBC Radio 4, and a cultural commentator who appears on programmes such as "Newsnight Review" and "Saturday Review". His first book, "Greetings from Bury Park" was published in 2007. He lives in London. Manzoor was born in Lyallpur (now Faisalabad), the second largest city in Punjab Province and the third largest in Pakistan. He emigrated to Britain in May 1974 with his mother, older brother and sister to join their father Mohammed Manzoor who had left Pakistan in 1963 to find work. Manzoor attended Maidenhall Infants and Primary Schools in the Bury Park district of Luton. In the autumn of 1979 Manzoor's family moved to the Marsh Farm estate and he attended Wauluds Primary School and in the autumn of 1982 began at Lea Manor High School. After completing A levels at Luton Sixth Form College, Manzoor left Luton to study Economics and Politics at Manchester University. He graduated in 1992, began a master's degree in Documentary Production at Salford University in the autumn of 1995 and remained in Manchester until September 1996 when he returned to Luton and began work at ITN. During his six years at ITN, Manzoor worked as a producer and reporter on "Channel 4 News" interviewing such figures as Woody Allen, Brian Wilson, Sinéad O'Connor, Peter Gabriel, Don McCullin and Charlie Watts. He left "Channel 4 News" and joined Channel 4 as a deputy commissioning editor before signing a contract with Bloomsbury Publishing for his first book. Manzoor scripted "The Great British Asian Invasion" for Channel 4 and wrote and directed "Death of a Porn Star" for the same network which told the tragic story of the life and death of Lolo Ferrari. He presented a documentary for Channel 4 on the 2006 Guardian Hay Book Festival "On the Way to Hay" in which he interviewed Monica Ali and Will Self. In March 2005, Manzoor wrote and presented "Luton Actually", a documentary for BBC 2. The programme, a personal and affectionate portrait of his hometown, featured Manzoor tracing his family's journey from Pakistan to Luton. In 2007, he published "Greetings from Bury Park", a memoir that detailed his life growing up in Luton and the twin impacts upon his life of the death of his father in 1995 and the music of Bruce Springsteen. Manzoor had admired the United States, wishing to live there, but the experience of witnessing the 9/11 attacks in 2001 he came to view Britain as being his true home. Manzoor has written and presented documentaries for Radio 4. These include "From Luton Streets to Jersey Shores" where he travelled to New Jersey to examine the connections between Springsteen's New Jersey and Manzoor's hometown of Luton; "Don't Call Me Asian" which examined the rise in British Indians and Pakistanis defining themselves by their religion and nationality rather than simply as British Asians; "A Class Apart" which explored the consequences of faith schools on social cohesion; "Taking the Cricket Test" which saw Manzoor follow the Pakistan cricket team across England during the 2006 test series. Radio 4 in the November 2008 broadcast Manzoor's documentary profile of Little Richard, who was interviewed; a programme on matrimonial websites in August 2009; a three part series "Whatever Happened to the Working Class?" in February 2009 and a programme which told the story of the George Harrison album "Wonderwall Music" in March 2009. Manzoor has written for "Daily Mail", "The Guardian", "The Independent", "New Statesman", "The Observer", "Prospect", "The Spectator", "Uncut", "Marie Claire" and "The Times". In 2010 Manzoor married Bridget, a speech therapist, a union disapproved of by his brother and elder sister.

Dr. Linda Long is a biochemist and musician, who has combined these two fields to create what she terms molecular music. Dr. Long worked as a biochemist and a Research Fellow in Complementary Medicine at Exeter University, specialising in the fields of homeopathy, herbal medicine and music therapy. Her work has been published in various medical journals, and she is an associate editor of the Journal "Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies", published by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. She has been working on molecular music since the 1990s. She has been awarded an Invention and Innovation award over two years by NESTA. This has enabled her to develop her promotion of music in education, as well as to release two CDs of her music: "Music of the Plants" and "Music of the Body". The award has also helped her develop an exhibit at Explore @Bristol. Molecular music involves the translation of the 3-dimensional positions of a protein's amino acids into note sequences. This is not an arbitrary process; x-ray crystallography data is used to relate specific musical effects such as volume and pitch to the protein's molecular structure. In this way, characteristic patterns in protein structure are heard as recognisable musical note patterns from the structural data. This method of translating protein structures into music is said by Dr. Long to be a useful aid in understanding proteins for the visually impaired. "Music of the Plants" (1999) is a CD of five tracks. Conventional track titling is eschewed in favour of a description of the specific protein used for each track: ***LIST***. "Music of the Body" (2002) is a longer CD, and the tracks have titles related to their relevant protein's function. as the title implies, all the proteins are found in the human body. ***LIST***.

Hall was born in Geelong, the son of Thomas March Hall, a business man in that town but originally from Lincolnshire, England and Elizabeth, "née" Walshe, from Dublin. Hall was educated at the Geelong Grammar School where he came under the influence of James L. Cuthbertson. He was a junior master at Wesley College in 1879-80, then Hawthorn College and then went to the University of Melbourne, where he took his B.A. degree in 1886 with honours in natural science. This included work in palaeontology under Sir Frederick McCoy. Hall taught for a year at Girton College, Sandhurst (now Bendigo) in 1887, but returned to the university and did a three years' course in biology under Professor Sir Baldwin Spencer. Hall took a leading part in the forming of the university science club, and through it met Dr G. B. Pritchard with whom he was later to do valuable work in geology. Hall was a successful director of the Castlemaine school of mines from 1890 to 1893, and in the latter year became lecturer in biology at Melbourne university. Hall held this position until his death but found time for many other activities. In 1899 Hall published a "Catalogue of the Scientific and Technical Periodical Literature in the Libraries of Victoria". A second and enlarged edition, in which he was assisted by Mr E. R. Pitt of the public library, Melbourne, appeared in 1911. He did much valuable work for the Field Naturalists Club of Victoria (president 1901–1903), the Royal Society of Victoria, and the Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science. His "Victorian Hill and Dale" (1909), describing the geology of the country around Melbourne, is a model book of popular science, written without a trace of scientific jargon; there is barely a technical term in its 150 pages. He did not write a large number of papers, but his work on the graptolite rocks of Victoria led to his being made the recipient of The Murchison Fund of the Geological Society of London in 1901. One of his major discoveries was the key to the unravelling of the complex Ordovician sequence. Hall became ill early in 1915, but courageously carried on his work until shortly before his death from chronic nephritis on 21 December 1915. He married Miss Eva Lucie Annie Hill on 21 December 1891, who survived him along with three sons and a daughter. He was given the honorary degree of D.Sc. by Melbourne university in 1908. Dr Hall was a good example of the hard-working man of science, giving much time to matters of routine, and yet contriving to do original and important work in one or more directions. Hall's work with Dr Pritchard on the tertiary fossiliferous strata of Victoria, and his own work on the graptolite rocks of Victoria gives him a permanent place in the history of Australian geology.

Born in Ardrossan, Ferguson came through Willie Waddell's Kilmarnock youth system in the early 1960s. Ferguson took over in the first-team following an injury to Campbell Forsyth in 1964–65. He retained the goalkeeper's shirt for the rest of the season. In 1964–65 Heart of Midlothian F.C. fought out a championship title race with Waddell's Kilmarnock. In the era of two points for a win Hearts were three points clear with two games remaining. Hearts drew with Dundee United meaning the last game of the season with the two title challengers playing each other at Tynecastle would be a league decider. Kilmarnock needed to win by a two-goal margin to take the title. Hearts entered the game as favourites with both a statistical and home advantage. They also had a solid pedigree of trophy winning under Walker. Waddell's Kilmarnock in contrast had been nearly men. Four times in the previous five seasons they had finished league runners-up including Hearts’ triumph in 1960. Killie had also lost three domestic cup finals during the same period including the 1962 League Cup Final defeat to Hearts. Hearts had won five of the six senior cup finals they played in under Walker. Even the final they had lost was in a replay after drawing the first game. Hearts' Roald Jensen hit the post after six minutes. Kilmarnock then scored twice through Davie Sneddon and Brian McIlroy after 27 and 29 minutes. Alan Gordon had an excellent chance to clinch the title for Hearts in second half injury time but was denied by a Ferguson diving save pushing the ball past the post. The 2–0 defeat meant Hearts lost the title by an average of 0.042 goals. Subsequently, Hearts were instrumental in pushing through a change to use goal difference to separate teams level on points. Ironically this rule change later denied Hearts the title in 1985–86. This is the only time to date Killie's have been Scottish champions. Ferguson went on to make 73 league appearances for the club. During his time with Kilmarnock he won seven caps for Scotland. Ferguson was transferred east London club West Ham United for a fee of £65,000 in 1967, which at the time was a world record fee for a goalkeeper. He made his Hammers debut against Sheffield Wednesday on 19 August 1967, the first game of the 1967–68 season. Despite having to compete for the number one shirt with Peter Grotier and Mervyn Day, Ferguson still managed 276 appearances during his 13 years at West Ham. He spent time with Sheffield Wednesday on loan in 1973, making five appearances for them. The signing of Phil Parkes in February 1979 ultimately meant the end of his career at West Ham. He played his last game for the Upton Park club in a 2–1 defeat on 14 November 1979 against Chelsea, and left in 1980. He received a testimonial match in 1981, against Southampton, for which he earned £20,000. He also played reserve team football for West Ham as a winger. In 1981 Ferguson emigrated to Australia. He played with Adelaide City for one year and then coached the club the following year. He later coached with Vacation Soccer Schools and Burnside Rugby Club.

An electronic circuit is composed of individual electronic components, such as resistors, transistors, capacitors, inductors and diodes, connected by conductive wires or traces through which electric current can flow. The combination of components and wires allows various simple and complex operations to be performed: signals can be amplified, computations can be performed, and data can be moved from one place to another. Circuits can be constructed of discrete components connected by individual pieces of wire, but today it is much more common to create interconnections by photolithographic techniques on a laminated substrate (a printed circuit board or PCB) and solder the components to these interconnections to create a finished circuit. In an integrated circuit or IC, the components and interconnections are formed on the same substrate, typically a semiconductor such as silicon or (less commonly) gallium arsenide. An electronic circuit can usually be categorized as an analog circuit, a digital circuit, or a mixed-signal circuit (a combination of analog circuits and digital circuits). Breadboards, perfboards, and stripboards are common for testing new designs. They allow the designer to make quick changes to the circuit during development. Analog electronic circuits are those in which current or voltage may vary continuously with time to correspond to the information being represented. Analog circuitry is constructed from two fundamental building blocks: series and parallel circuits. In a series circuit, the same current passes through a series of components. A string of Christmas lights is a good example of a series circuit: if one goes out, they all do. In a parallel circuit, all the components are connected to the same voltage, and the current divides between the various components according to their resistance. The basic components of analog circuits are wires, resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, and transistors. (In 2012 it was demonstrated that memristors can be added to the list of available components.) Analog circuits are very commonly represented in schematic diagrams, in which wires are shown as lines, and each component has a unique symbol. Analog circuit analysis employs Kirchhoff's circuit laws: all the currents at a node (a place where wires meet), and the voltage around a closed loop of wires is 0. Wires are usually treated as ideal zero-voltage interconnections; any resistance or reactance is captured by explicitly adding a parasitic element, such as a discrete resistor or inductor. Active components such as transistors are often treated as controlled current or voltage sources: for example, a field-effect transistor can be modeled as a current source from the source to the drain, with the current controlled by the gate-source voltage. When the circuit size is comparable to a wavelength of the relevant signal frequency, a more sophisticated approach must be used. Wires are treated as transmission lines, with (hopefully) constant characteristic impedance, and the impedances at the start and end determine transmitted and reflected waves on the line. Such considerations typically become important for circuit boards at frequencies above a GHz; integrated circuits are smaller and can be treated as lumped elements for frequencies less than 10GHz or so. An alternative model is to take independent power sources and induction as basic electronic units; this allows modeling frequency dependent negative resistors, gyrators, negative impedance converters, and dependent sources as secondary electronic components In digital electronic circuits, electric signals take on discrete values, to represent logical and numeric values. These values represent the information that is being processed. In the vast majority of cases, binary encoding is used: one voltage (typically the more positive value) represents a binary '1' and another voltage (usually a value near the ground potential, 0 V) represents a binary '0'. Digital circuits make extensive use of transistors, interconnected to create logic gates that provide the functions of Boolean logic: AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR and all possible combinations thereof. Transistors interconnected so as to provide positive feedback are used as latches and flip flops, circuits that have two or more metastable states, and remain in one of these states until changed by an external input. Digital circuits therefore can provide both logic and memory, enabling them to perform arbitrary computational functions. (Memory based on flip-flops is known as static random-access memory (SRAM). Memory based on the storage of charge in a capacitor, dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is also widely used.) The design process for digital circuits is fundamentally different from the process for analog circuits. Each logic gate regenerates the binary signal, so the designer need not account for distortion, gain control, offset voltages, and other concerns faced in an analog design. As a consequence, extremely complex digital circuits, with billions of logic elements integrated on a single silicon chip, can be fabricated at low cost. Such digital integrated circuits are ubiquitous in modern electronic devices, such as calculators, mobile phone handsets, and computers. As digital circuits become more complex, issues of time delay, logic races, power dissipation, non-ideal switching, on-chip and inter-chip loading, and leakage currents, become limitations to the density, speed and performance. Digital circuitry is used to create general purpose computing chips, such as microprocessors, and custom-designed logic circuits, known as application-specific integrated circuit (ASICs). Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), chips with logic circuitry whose configuration can be modified after fabrication, are also widely used in prototyping and development. Mixed-signal or hybrid circuits contain elements of both analog and digital circuits. Examples include comparators, timers, phase-locked loops, analog-to-digital converters, and digital-to-analog converters. Most modern radio and communications circuitry uses mixed signal circuits. For example, in a receiver, analog circuitry is used to amplify and frequency-convert signals so that they reach a suitable state to be converted into digital values, after which further signal processing can be performed in the digital domain.

William 'Bill' Cullen (born 17 February 1942) is an Irish businessman, philanthropist, reality television star and media personality. With his charming profile, Cullen is regularly seen on RTÉ programmes such as "The Late Late Show" and "The Frontline". Cullen was the owner of the Renault Ireland franchise until it was taken under more direct control by Renault in 2007. His 2002 best-selling autobiography, "It's a Long Way from Penny Apples", covered his life growing up as a poor child in inner-city Dublin. Between 2008 and 2012, he hosted the Irish reality television series "The Apprentice". His motor-trade business was put into receivership in October 2012. Born into poverty in the Summerhill area of Dublin in the 1940s, Bill Cullen was the fifth of fourteen children, seven boys and seven girls. Cullen was born in a caul (the membrane surrounding the amniotic fluid) which is considered a good luck omen within Irish folklore. His mother, Mary Darcy Cullen was a fruit seller and Cullen started trading at market stalls from a very young age. His father Billy was in the Irish Army Reserve and was for the most part unemployed, or working on the dock and getting labour that was not much for the Cullen family. He finished his education with the Christian Brothers at the age of thirteen to work on the markets full-time, selling fruit, vegetables and other items. In 1956 he worked as a messenger boy at Walden's Ford Dealership and was appointed director general of the company in 1965. He went on to set up the Fairlane Motor Company in Tallaght in 1977 which he developed into the biggest Ford dealership in Ireland by 1981. In 1986, he took over the franchise for Renault car distribution from Waterford Crystal. The initial purchase price of the operation was £1, however the deal entailed taking on a debt burden of £18 million. This company became known as the Glencullen Group and the Renault distribution arm became known as Glencullen Distributors. Turnover of the business grew to €350 Million at its peak, but fell to €4 million loss in 2006, an €18.6 million loss in 2007, and a further loss of €8.2 million in 2008. In April 2006 he was awarded the Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur by decree of the President of the French Republic for both his work with Renault Ireland and for his humanitarian efforts. The Renault Ireland operation was taken into direct control by Renault S.A.S in 2006. It now operates as a subsidiary of the parent company. He continued to own Ireland's largest Renault retailer, CityGate Motor Group. It had six dealerships around the country – three of which were in Dublin. He also established and owned the Europa Academy, a training facility in Swords, north County Dublin. In October 2012, Cullen's motor-trade business was put into receivership by Ulster Bank. Cullen was said to be "very sad" at the appointment of receivers to his businesses Glencullen Holdings, which operates dealerships in Swords and Liffey Valley. He took over the Muckross Park Hotel in Killarney in 1990 with his partner, Jackie Lavin, who is also his business partner. The hotel achieved five-star status in 2007, and – in the same year – ran at losses of €9.4 million. The Muckross hotel went into receivership in April 2013. With the assistance of Robert "Pino" Harris Bill Cullen in 2014 became the Dublin area dealer for SsangYong Motor Company. The dealership is located in a former factory building Unit 1, Concorde Industrial Estate, Naas Road, Dublin 12 he lives in Naas, Kildare. As well as his interests in the motor and hotel industries, Cullen also holds executive positions in other areas: In March 2009, Cullen became an Executive Editor of "RSVP" business magazine. He also offers his services as a paid motivational speaker to schools, colleges, and the business community. Cullen regularly appears in the Irish media and is considered a minor celebrity, appearing on television shows, such as "The Late Late Show", "Tubridy Tonight" and "The Restaurant" on RTÉ He is often parodied by Tom Dunne on the Today FM "Gift Grub" comedy segment. This has led to him being referred to as 'Dr. Bill' because of his honorary doctorate. More recently, he has taken on the role as the businessman in the Irish version of TV show "The Apprentice". Cullen released his autobiography entitled "It's a Long Way from Penny Apples" in 2002 detailing his life growing up in inner city Dublin and rising to become one or Ireland's most successful business people. Deidre Leahy of RTÉ called it a "entertaining and inspirational" book, while Pauline Ferrie of "The Irish Emigrant" praised Cullen's decision that all royalties from the book would be donated to the Irish Youth Foundation. In 2005, Cullen released his second book "Golden Apples: Six Simple Steps to Success" in which he details principles to achieving business success. Bill Cullen took the Guinness World Record on 16 April 2005 for the largest ever book signing by signing 1849 copies in 10.5 hours in Easons, O'Connell Street. This was 32 copies more than the previous record. In June 2008, TV3 began inviting applications for an Irish version of popular television franchise "The Apprentice". In the programme, Cullen takes on the role filled in the US version by Donald Trump, and in the UK version by Alan Sugar. His partner Jackie Lavin also acts as a mentor to the apprentices. The show started its fourth season in October 2011; however, in May 2012, the show was cancelled for cost reasons. Cullen has donated to Fianna Fáil, an Irish political party, on a number of occasions. Glencullen Holdings made political donations during 2002 of €13,459. In 2005, he donated €9,330 to the party, which they controversially did not declare to the Standards in Public Office Commission. In 2006, his company donated €14,873 to the party. His company made further donations of €2,500 to Fianna Fáil minister Mary Hanafin in 2007. Cullen was critical of the Green Party in government, particularly the effect the change in vehicle registration tax and motor taxation policy in July 2008 had on the Irish motor industry. He blamed the party for the collapse in new vehicle sales in 2009, saying that these changes were unnecessary. In response, the party's finance spokesperson, Dan Boyle, called the claims "hysterical and widely inaccurate". He was also one of a number of high-profile members along with Packie Bonner and Mick Galwey of the group 'We Belong' who campaigned for a yes vote in the second Irish constitutional referendum on the Lisbon Treaty. Cullen is a only interested in making money and lives for money but instead of giving away 100 million out of his 105 million he became involved in a voluntary capacity with the charity "The Irish Youth Foundation" a number of years after it had been established, and is now president of the foundation. The Irish Youth Foundation helps raise €1.5 million a year for youth projects in Ireland. All royalties from Cullen's 2002 autobiography, "It's a Long Way from Penny Apples", were donated to this charity. The man is not a christian and does believe he can take his money with him . Cullen set up the Bill Cullen Sunshine Scholarships Fund in 2001 to assist young athletes make the transition to senior athletics while continuing their third level education in Ireland. In 1998, he was a recipient of the Lord Mayor's Award for his work with the disadvantaged young people of Dublin. In September 2004, he was awarded the inaugural Princess Grace Humanitarian Award. He was named Maxol Irish Motor Industry Person of the Year 2000. He was conferred with an honorary Doctorate of Law of Maynooth University in May 2005.

C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) also known as Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) or small-inducible cytokine B10 is an 8.7 kDa protein that in humans is encoded by the "CXCL10" gene. C-X-C motif chemokine 10 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. CXCL10 is secreted by several cell types in response to IFN-γ. These cell types include monocytes, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. CXCL10 has been attributed to several roles, such as chemoattraction for monocytes/macrophages, T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells, promotion of T cell adhesion to endothelial cells, antitumor activity, and inhibition of bone marrow colony formation and angiogenesis. This chemokine elicits its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3. The three-dimensional crystal structure of this chemokine has been determined under 3 different conditions to a resolution of up to 1.92 Å. The Protein Data Bank accession codes for the structures of CXCL10 are , , and . Baseline pre-treatment plasma levels of CXCL10 are elevated in patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) of genotypes 1 or 4 who do not achieve a sustained viral response (SVR) after completion of antiviral therapy. CXCL10 in plasma is mirrored by intrahepatic CXCL10 mRNA, and both strikingly predict the first days of elimination of HCV RNA (“first phase decline”) during interferon/ribavirin therapy for all HCV genotypes. This also applies for patients co-infected with HIV, where pre-treatment IP-10 levels below 150 pg/mL are predictive of a favorable response, and may thus be useful in encouraging these otherwise difficult-to-treat patients to initiate therapy.

Nushawn Williams (born November 1, 1976), also known as Shyteek Johnson, is an American convicted sex offender who admitted in 1997 to having unprotected sex with numerous girls and women after having been told that he was HIV positive. New York state and local public health officials stated that Williams had sex with up to 47 women in Chautauqua County and at least 28 more in New York City. Williams, who has boasted openly in the media about his sexual promiscuity, said in a news interview that his actual number of sexual partners was up to 300. Williams, a native of Brooklyn, led a life of crime since his childhood. The son of a drug-addicted mother, Williams dealt drugs and robbed from the elderly. Prior to his HIV-related conviction, he had three previous convictions for various street crimes. He used several aliases, including the name Shyteek Johnson, under which he was jailed for a drug offense before he faced the HIV transmission charges. Numerous reports indicate that Williams was a crack dealer who bragged of his gang-related activities and had a history of violence against women, including many of the women he infected. Williams' braggadocio and violence belied the ease with which he attracted women of all races and socioeconomic classes, though most of his victims were those with socioeconomic or emotional problems. News reports make numerous mentions of his charming interpersonal style with women. Women quoted in news stories often pointed to Williams' ability to make them feel special and loved, even while exercising violent control over their actions. In the case of his youngest victim, who was 13, Williams reportedly pursued a relationship for several months. Williams stated that he believed health officials had lied to him when they informed him of his HIV status. He was the primary cause of an HIV micro-epidemic in Chautauqua County. He infected at least 14 women in Chautauqua County with HIV, including numerous teenagers. In 1999, he pleaded guilty to two counts of statutory rape (two of his victims were underage) and one count of reckless endangerment in the first degree for having unprotected sex with a woman who did not know his HIV status. He received a four-to-12-year sentence. Two of Williams' children in Chautauqua County were born with HIV, raising the number of known cases linked to Williams to 16. An additional 10 of Williams's sexual partners in New York City have been found to be HIV-positive, though it is unclear if Williams is the source of these infections. His case received widespread media attention and ignited a debate over whether knowingly spreading HIV could be viewed as a crime as well as debates over the promiscuous sexuality of U.S. culture and the role of sex education in American high schools. Many stated that the maximum sentence Williams could receive was unduly light, leading then-New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani to call for Williams to be tried for "attempted murder, or worse." The case also raised questions as to whether the state should continue to respect the anonymity of those who test positive for HIV. Prior to the Williams case, health officials believed that publicizing the names of HIV-positive individuals would result in a reduction in HIV testing and subject HIV-positive individuals, particularly members of the gay community, to increased social stigma. As a result of the Williams case, New York passed a law that mandated doctors and laboratories to report the names of individuals who test positive for HIV. Reporting of partners to physicians is voluntary, but doctors are mandated to report that the names of any known partners to the NYS Department of Health. Partners may be notified without the permission of the patient, but must be informed that their partners will be notified. In April 2010, New York attorney general Andrew Cuomo moved to block Williams' release from prison after 12 years and place him under civil confinement under a statute aimed at predatory sex offenders. A judge ordered him remanded to custody pending an outcome of a civil proceeding. By 2010, he had adopted the name Shyteek Johnson again.

The Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project is an initiative of the Indian Government to provide safeguards to the Asiatic lion ("Panthera leo persica") from extinction in the wild by means of reintroduction. The last wild population of the Asiatic lion is found in the Gir Forest region of the state of Gujarat. The single population faces the threats of epidemics, natural disasters and other anthropogenic factors. The project aims to establish a second independent population of Asiatic lions at the Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. However, the proposed translocation is unpopular in Gujarat and has been bitterly contested by the state government. The distribution of Asiatic lion, once found widely in West and South Asia, dwindled to a single population in the Gir Forest National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary in India. The population at Gir declined to 18 animals in 1893 but increased due to protection and conservation efforts to 284 in 1994. The Gir Wildlife Sanctuary is now highly overpopulated with lions, the 2015 census showed the strength to be 523 lions. There are numerous deaths in the population annually because of ever increasing competition between the human and animal overcrowding. Asiatic lion prides require large territories but there is limited space at Gir wildlife sanctuary, which is boxed in on all sides by heavy human habitation. Gir lions have started moving outwards from the sanctuary and establishing homes outside the protected areas. The lions are now spread over in the vicinity of 1050 villages in three contiguous districts - Amreli, Bhavnagar and Junagadh. The Maharaja of Gwalior, on being encouraged by Lord Curzon in 1904, imported cubs of African lions and attempted to introduce them in the wild in the forests near Sheopur. The introduced lions took to raiding livestock and some even turned to man-eating, subsequent to which they were all eventually tracked down and shot. The concept of reintroduction for purposes of conservation was accepted in 1956 by the Indian Wildlife Board during a meeting of their executive committee at Sasan Gir and the offer by the state government of Uttar Pradesh to host a second population in the Chakia forests was accepted. In 1956 one lion and two lionesses were captured from Gir, placed in the Sakkarbuagh Zoo in Junagadh for nine months and translocated in 1957 to the Chandra Prabha Sanctuary, newly established for the reintroduction, near Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. An enclosure was created with a high barbed wire fence within the sanctuary in which the lions were temporarily housed before being released in the sanctuary. Initially the lions prospered increasing in number to four in 1958, five in 1960, seven in 1962 and eleven in 1965 after which the population died out inexplicably. Johnsingh (2006) attributes the failure of the translocation to three causes – inadequate area, lack of systematic monitoring using scientific techniques and unrestricted movement of grazing animals throughout the sanctuary possibly leading to conflict with the herders. Small size of area, the long period of captivity in Junagadh zoo, absence of education of the local villagers and lack of conflict resolution mechanism are also listed as contributory factors in Chellam and Johnsingh (1999). The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) began studying the Asiatic lion in its habitat in from 1986 onwards and collected fundamental data about the lion, its feeding, use of habitat and ranging habits. Key findings of the study were that the lions largely preyed upon the wild herbivores such as sambar ("Rusa unicolor") and chital ("Axis axis") and that the size of home range was for females and for the males. In 1990, the WII proposed the creation of a second wild population of Asiatic lions to safeguard the species against potential calamities in Gujarat’s Gir National Park. In 1993, a workshop was held on the Population and Habitat Viability Assessment (PHVA) of Asiatic lion and the report was presented to the state forest departments in Vadodara, Gujarat. State forest departments were asked to suggest suitable sites for reintroduction and provide the basic ecological data. During the workshop, a number of teams were formed to focus on varied aspects of the conservation biology of the Asiatic lion such as monitoring, habitat (further subdivided into Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan sub-groups), population modelling, prey-base requirements, lion-human interactions, translocation, captive zoo animals, public education, veterinary, reproductive and genetic aspects etc. The sites were assessed and ranked for suitability as follows: ***LIST***. The PHVA report strongly favoured the scientific management of reintroduction of Asiatic lions to another site: The PHVA deliberations were followed by visits to the three most promising site, viz Kuno, Darrah-Jawaharsagar and Sitamata WLS by a survey team of WII headed by Dr Ravi Chellam. The team evaluated sites over various parameters and compared the same with respect to Gir Forest for determining the suitability of sites. They presented their findings in 1995 to the Government of India and the state forest departments. WII researchers confirmed that the Palpur-Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary was the most promising location to re-establish a free ranging population of the Asiatic lions and in 2007 certified it ready to receive its first batch of translocated lions. The framework of the Lion Introduction Project emerged from the transformation of a Monitoring Committee, set up by the Government of India, which met on 10 March 2004 for effective implementation of the reintroduction at Kuno. At the meeting the WII Site Survey was examined and it was understood that Kuno Palpur Sanctuary was the most suitable site for reintroduction. The Committee formulated a three phase framework for the conservation project to last for two decades as follows : ***LIST***. At that point in time, the project was in Phase II and 18 of the 24 villages had been rehabilitated from Kuno. The refusal of Gujarat state to provide lions was mentioned during this meeting by the Chief Wildlife Warden of Gujarat. A number of steps were approved with consensus which included the engaging of the Gujarat State Government as to the necessity of the project, preparation of a trans-location road map, fresh assessment of prey base of Kuno by WII and continued funding support for welfare measures and habitat improvement for the existing fauna at Kuno. The Madhya Pradesh state forest department notified of the Kuno Palpur area as a Wildlife Sanctuary in 1981. In April 2002, a separate Wildlife Division was established for Kuno, effectively increasing the protected area for wildlife to . Twenty four villages of the Sahariya tribe, comprising 1545 families, were moved out from the core area and rehabilitated by the state government with assistance from the Central Government. Due to a paucity of suitable revenue lands in the vicinity of Kuno, the state government proposed relocating the villages on degraded protected forests, a move approved by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) of the Government of India, which granted its approval under Section 2 of the Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 for diversion of . By 2002-2003, all 24 villages and the identified families were relocated outside Kuno and the former village area converted into grasslands. The Madhya Pradesh state government informed the Supreme Court that each family was given of cultivable land, in addition to for housing along with building constructional material costing Rs 1,00,000/- per house. The net outflow to the Central Government was Rs.15 crores. Major gaps remain in the implementation of the rehabilitation measures, with villagers alleging that they have got little of the rehabilitation package they were promised. The negative economic impact of the displacement to villagers from Kuno sanctuary has raised a controversy over the merits of species preservation via dislocation of human populations living inside Protected Areas. NGOs, such as the Samrakshan Trust, have been working for better rehabilitation of villagers who agreed to move out of the Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary. In 2004, the state government refused to part with the first pride of 19 animals planned for relocation. The state considers the lions as "heritage of the state" and the issue of handing over lions has become a political issue. Mangubhai Patel, then State Forest Minister, went on record to state that: As early as 2009, the continued opposition of the Gujarat state government led to the Madhya Pradesh Forest Department's exploration of the possibility of procuring zoo-bred Asiatic lions and shifting them and their descendants to Palpur-Kuno. The Gujarat state government has, over time, made various arguments against translocating lions to Madhya Pradesh (MP), such as that the Kuno sanctuary was not suitable lion habitat and that it had inadequate prey base, that MP had been unable to provide adequate protection to tigers in its Panna National Park and the lions if reintroduced there would be in danger, that the proposed introduction of African cheetahs to Kuno rendered it unsuitable for lion reintroduction. Attacking the logic of a second home for lions outside the state, the Gujarat State Wildlife Department proposed new homes for lions in the Barda Wildlife Sanctuary and Bhavnagar Amreli Forest instead. Gir's lions have spread beyond the protective area and the measures of the state to engage this phenomenon are being portrayed as providing adequate dispersal to the lion population to prevent disease. Gujarat also played an emotional card by declaring before the Supreme Court that the lion was inextricably bound to the culture of Gujarat and that it was a "family member", hence could not be provided for translocation to Kuno. This stand of Gujarat suffered a setback when on 15 April 2013, the Supreme Court of India acknowledged translocation to Kuno as being in the best interest of the species and rejected the Gujarat Government's objections, instead ordering the translocation to be carried out within six months. A "bandh" was called in the villages adjoining the Sasan Gir region on 18 April 2013 protesting the Supreme Court decision. In light of the State Government of Gujarat's refusal to permit the reintroduction of Asiatic lions, a writ petition was filed in 1995 by the Centre for Environment Law and WWF-I in the Indian Supreme Court to get the Gujarat State Government to release a few prides of Asiatic lions for the Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary. The Indian Supreme Court fast-tracked the case and delivered a judgement on 16 April 2013 permitting the reintroduction of lions to Kuno, over-ruling the objections of the Gujarat Government. The Gujarat Government filed on 1 July 2013 for a review in the Supreme Court of its 16 April ruling. In its petition, the Gujarat state government claimed that: The state has put forward the argument that translocation would break social bonds between members of groups or prides, which are vital for lion survival. The reported presence of tiger cubs in Palpur-Kuno was emphasised, saying that it could result in conflict between these top predators. The state proposed, instead, a second home for lions within Gujarat itself, claiming it would have numerous advantages including being in tune with international guidelines. The continued reluctance of the state to part with lions for translocation has come under criticism from prominent environmentalists. Post the verdict, fears have been voiced by Gujarati environmentalists over the gun culture of Madhya Pradesh and number of firearms in Sheopur, the region where the Kuno Palpur sanctuary is located and it is suggested that translocation to such an area would be in violation of IUCN norms on the subject. With the release of IUCN guidelines on translocation, opponents of the project have cited from the provisions and also claimed that the history of translocations especially in India is dismal and hence translocation is not favoured. The natural spread of over-populated lions from an original range of over to an area extending over , is considered to mitigate against the risk of epidemic disease. The Gujarat's government's curative petition against relocation of the wild Asiatic lions from the Gir Forest to Madhya Pradesh was dismissed by the Supreme Court on 14 August 2014. In the face of continued opposition, the Madhya Pradesh government is considering an alternate plan to release zoo-bred lions from Hyderabad and Sakkarbaug, a move which has been criticised in the light of the deaths of two newly translocated zoo-bred lions in the safari park at Etawah, Uttar Pradesh. After the dismissal of the Gujarat State petition, two NGOs from Gujarat have filed separate petitions against the translocation order, one on the grounds that certain relevant facts have not been brought to the notice of the apex court, the other stating that the importance of Kuno-Palpur as a corridor for migrating tigers between Ranthambore National Park in Rajasthan and Madhav National Park in Madhya Prdesh had been downplayed. The plan is to reintroduce a pride or two of wild, free-ranging Asiatic lions from Gir Forest in the neighboring Indian state of Gujarat to start with. In compliance with the Supreme Court order of 15 April 2013, the Ministry of Environment and Forests has constituted a panel for deciding the best course of action in translocation of animals to Gir. The panel comprises 12 members including member secretary National Tiger Conservation Authority, the Chief Wildlife Wardens of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, member Wildlife Institute of India, and scientists Drs Ravi Chellam, Y.V. Jhala, NK Ranjeet Singh and PR Sinha. The panel will advice both the states on technical aspect of transloction, decide the composition of animals to be translocated, select the prides and animals, supervise the translocation, monitor it and periodically report to the Ministry. During the first deliberations on 29 July 2013, the panel acceded the need to follow the recent IUCN translocation guidelines but brushed aside Gujarat's objections against the process. A two-member team comprising Dr Ravi Chellam and Dr Y.V. Jhala has been set up to decide the translocation protocol and report within six weeks. Gujarat objected to meeting of the 12 member panel on 29 July 2013 before its petition had been reviewed and also to the presence of tiger experts on the panel, claiming that lion experts from Gujarat had been ignored, however that petition was rejected by the Supreme Court. In a further development, in April 2015, the Union government has admitted that Madhya Pradesh will have to enlarge the wildlife sanctuary's size, from to in order to implement the translocation of the Asiatic lions to Kuno-Palpur from Gujarat's Sasan Gir, a suggestion made in the original project report. This is the first time that the Government of India has accepted that the sanctuary needs to be enlarged. However, the expansion would require the relocation of several big villages, a move the Madhya Pradesh government is not keen to undertake. The Madhya Pradesh Forest Department is of the view that the present sanctuary area and its buffer total over 700 km and are therefore adequate, but have made no mention of notifying the buffer zone area also as a sanctuary. In a reversal of position, the Ministry of Environment and Forests decided in a meeting in June 2015 against translocation at present on the grounds that it would be detrimental to the breeding and survival of the lions as they lived in social prides. The turn-around of stance has been attributed by environmentalists supporting the translocation to Narendra Modi who had as Chief Minister of Gujarat stated that the lion was the pride of Gujarat and had publicly declared his opposition to the transfer of lions outside the state.

Harold Washington Park is a small (10 acre) park in the Chicago Park District located in the Hyde Park community area on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was recently named for lawyer, state legislator, U.S. congressman, Hyde Park resident, and the first Chicago Mayor of African-American descent Harold Washington (1922–1987). The Park District officially calls the park Harold Washington Playlot Park with a designated address of 5200 S. Hyde Park Blvd Chicago, IL 60615. It is one of 4 Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington (Washington Park, Washington Square Park, Dinah Washington Park). It is one of 40 Chicago Park District parks named after influential African Americans. The Park is bounded by East 53rd Street on the south, South Hyde Park Boulevard on the west, and Lake Shore Drive to the east. Architecturally, it is flanked to the north by Regents Park (see emporis.com page) and The Hampton House to the south. In addition its southwest corner opposes two National Register of Historic Places Properties (Hotel Del Prado and East Park Towers). The park was originally bequeathed to the city in 1906 by Paul Cornell as commemorated by the Paul Cornell Stone. It was then called "East End Park". In 1919, it was transferred to the South Park Commission. In 1927, it became part of Burnham Park. The park district renamed the site Harold Washington Park in 1992. Until recently (c. 2004) when Park District signs were posted it had been referred to as Cornell Park by many local residents. The park is mostly used by picnicking neighborhood residents and is particularly popular during the summer holidays (Memorial Day, July 4, Labor Day). The park has 8 tennis courts, an elaborate soft surface children's playground, a bathhouse and a boat pond. The park is best known for its South American monk parakeet nests. At 51st street, there is an overpass leading from the park to the bike path between Lake Shore Drive and Lake Michigan. The boat pond is mistakenly referred to as a duck pond by many local residents because it is frequented during the summer by ducks and is rarely used for recreational model boats. However, the pond has no aquatic or plant life forms (excluding weeds protruding through former cracks in the seal) to support ducks. In 2006, the pool was designated for repair and was not filled. Reconstruction began in the fall with the pool being resurfaced. A fountain and sculpture was placed in the center and dedicated in the spring of 2007 and the pool was refilled in late summer 2008. In the 1980s, a dozen or so South American monk parakeets were released into the park directly across the street from the Hampton House. They settled in a large ash tree. By the summer of 1988 bird watchers counted two dozen birds in the original tree. The population has continued to redouble frequently. The park, which is in the Chicago Park District has been renamed Harold Washington Park. The flock, known to many as Harold's parakeets, has grown to a few hundred birds that nest throughout this park, Burnham Park and Jackson Park on the South Side of Chicago. The original tree became infested with termites and collapsed on June 12, 2004. Over 50 birds were displaced by the collapse. The nests were replaced in other nearby trees. Birdwatchers come from around the world to see this flock of birds. The birds have been a hotly contested issue pitting the U.S. Department of Agriculture against local politicians and the Harold Washington Memorial Parrot Defense Fund. Alternate theories for the original population of birds are ***LIST***. Regardless of their origins, the flock was ably defended by the Mayor who foiled attempts to have them removed from the local park.

The Brabham BT55 was a Formula One racing car designed by Gordon Murray and David North for the Brabham team owned by Bernie Ecclestone. It used a BMW four-cylinder turbocharged engine tilted over on its side to allow a clear supply of air to the rear wing. The car competed during the 1986 Formula One season. It was not successful and its introduction coincided with the end of Brabham's time as a competitive team. Murray's next car (which he helped Steve Nichols design), McLaren's MP4/4, is usually claimed to be based on the same principles and won 15 of 16 races in 1988. By 1985, Brabham had reached the limit of aerodynamic development of their BT52-BT53-BT54 series of cars. The 1985 car won only one race when Piquet won in France, and Murray decided that a radical approach was needed. With ground effect having been banned a few years earlier, the rear wing of a Formula One car once again created much of its downforce, but its effectiveness is reduced by the bodywork in front of it disturbing the flow of air. Brabham's tall, relatively heavy straight-four BMW M12 engine was particularly difficult to package to allow a good flow of air to the rear wing. Designers in the 1950s had addressed the same problem of reducing the cars cross sectional area by tilting the engines around a vertical or longitudinal axis by a small amount. Examples include the 1950s Kurtis-Kraft and Epperly Championship Cars and Colin Chapman's Formula One Lotus 16. Both the Brabham team and their gearbox supplier Weismann lay claim to the idea of doing this with the tall BMW engine in order to create a car with very low bodywork that would allow a large supply of air to reach the rear wing undisturbed and create more downforce without harming the straight line potential with high drag. The driver was placed in a lying down position (approximately 30° according to Murray), as had been common in the 1960s, but had become rare by the 1980s. BMW designed a special version of their four-cylinder turbocharged engine with the engine block tilted almost horizontally (18° from horizontal). The car was also Brabham's first fully composite monocoque. Although the team had been the first in Formula One to make use of carbon fibre composite panels in the structure of the car in 1978, Murray had been reluctant to design a fully composite car until he understood how it would perform in a crash: he eventually persuaded Ecclestone to finance a fully instrumented crash test of a BT49 chassis. He was not happy to employ a two piece composite chassis, preferring to develop a technique which produced a seamless monocoque of carbon fibre/kevlar composite over a nomex honeycomb. This structure was reinforced, like his earlier designs, by machined aluminium bulkheads. At Murray's request, BMW designed a special version of their M12 inline four engine. Differences from the standard upright unit were few, mainly concerning the oil scavenging system and the cradle in which the unit was mounted. Like the upright version the unit was not a stressed component. Mounting the engine on its side meant that the power takeoff from the unit, previously at the bottom, was offset to one side. A special 7-speed 3-shaft gearbox from American gearbox specialists Weismann was produced to deal with this. The aerodynamic concept worked, in that the car produced plenty of downforce without increasing drag which allowed the cars to run less wing and be among the fastest in a straight line at the faster tracks like Hockenheim, Monza and the Österreichring (where Warwick was actually the quickest through the speed trap at heading into the Bosch Kurve). However, the tilted over engine and specially designed gearbox also produced many reliability problems including oil surge and a lack of throttle response that only compounded the already poor response of the BMW turbo (four cylinder turbos generally suffered more 'turbo lag' as a result of only using a single turbocharger, while V6 and V8 engines used twin turbos and suffered less lag). This saw the Brabhams off the pace on the slower circuits such as Monaco (where de Angelis qualified 20th and last for his final race, though amazingly Patrese managed to qualify 6th), Detroit, and the then new circuits of Jerez and the Hungaroring where acceleration counted for more than outright speed. The team scored just two points all season, both by driver Riccardo Patrese with sixth placings in San Marino and Detroit. It should be noted that, as in 1985, the Brabham's performance was severely hampered by inconsistent Pirelli race tyres. While the car's problems were primarily engine and gearbox related, most of the media and those in the F1 paddock labeled the car as a 'lemon', choosing instead to claim that the lowline concept simply did not work. Qualifying at Imola during Round 2 of the season highlighted both the problems and advantage that the lowline Brabham BT55 had during 1986. Acceleration out of the Variante Bassa chicane before the start-finish line showed the Brabhams as among the slowest cars when they crossed the line. However, by the time they reached the speed trap just before the braking area at Tosa, they were among the quickest. The cars were slow out of the corners, but once they got up to speed the lowline aerodynamics and the BMW turbo did their job and with the reduced drag, from the high speed Tamburello curve both Patrese and de Angelis accelerated quicker than any other cars. At Imola, the Brabhams were almost 4 seconds off pole with Patrese qualifying 16th and de Angelis 19th. The Brabham-BMWs were in fact slower than both the Benettons and Arrows which used the conventional upright BMW engine. Italian driver Elio de Angelis who had joined Brabham after six years with Lotus, was the first driver to die in a works Brabham when he was killed in an accident while testing at the Circuit Paul Ricard in France. The car survived the accident relatively intact and de Angelis had only minor injuries. However, there were very few track marshals at the circuit and he was trapped in the car and killed by oxygen deprivation due to a fire before they arrived, prompting a review of testing safety, with changes including more marshals as well as medical staff and a required medical evacuation helicopter. Sadly de Angelis would die from smoke inhalation 29 hours after the crash at the hospital in Marseille where he had been taken. In the Belgian Grand Prix following the death of de Angelis, Brabham only entered one car for Patrese. From the next race in Canada, British driver Derek Warwick joined the team. According to team boss Bernie Ecclestone, Warwick, a former factory Renault driver who had been driving for the TWR Jaguar World Sportscar Championship team in 1986 after having missed out on a seat at Lotus, was reportedly the only top level driver without a current F1 drive who did not contact him in the days following de Angelis' death to ask about the drive. During qualifying for the Italian Grand Prix, Warwick and Patrese were the 3rd and 4th fastest cars through the speed trap on Monza's long front straight (behind the similarly BMW powered Benettons of Gerhard Berger and Teo Fabi). Warwick's top speed of , only slower than Berger, again showed that while the car suffered from sluggish acceleration, the lowline concept worked as it created downforce but did not increase drag and hinder top speed. Murray has since summarised the reasons for the car's failure: "...I was much too ambitious in how much we lowered it. The rather tall BMW [engine] had to lie down so far it produced a heavily offset crank needing a special gearbox and drivetrain, and what I did wrong was to try to do it in the time available. Secondly, the engine never worked properly in the lay down position. The exhaust and turbo system was a nightmare and it had incurable oil surge and drain problems in corners. One way it was OK, but not the other. The weight distribution gave dynamic centre of gravity movements that messed up the traction. And then Bernie [Ecclestone, owner of the team] who is totally non-technical and had always left that side completely to me, started to get involved on the technical side. We had had 16 years with never a cross word until then, and things were changing with his deeper and deeper involvement in [the Formula One Constructors Association]. Then McLaren made approaches to me and I just felt it was the end of the road at Brabham." Murray also stated in an interview towards the end of the 1986 season that despite the BT55's record, he still believed in the lowline concept pointing out that the cars problems were engine related. He said that the car would have worked better had the BMW been a more compact V6 rather than a straight-4. Murray left the team at the end of the year to join rivals McLaren where he replaced John Barnard as the team's Technical Director and oversaw quality control at McLaren's factory in Woking. As part of a team headed by Steve Nichols, he played a small part in the design of the very successful McLaren MP4/4 used in . The MP4/4 is usually said to have been based on the BT55 concept, although McLaren team manager Jo Ramírez has downplayed Murray's involvement in the design of the MP4/4, saying that the BT55's design had no bearing on the car and that it was actually a development of its predecessor, the Nichols designed MP4/3. The lying down driver position has again become the standard in Formula One since 1988. Brabham regrouped with the much more conventional BT56, but had to re-use the tilted over BMW engine and a new, 5" shorter, Weismann 6 speed gearbox as the German manufacturer, already reducing its involvement in Formula One, had sold the supply of conventional engines to Megatron for use by Arrows, and later Ligier. BMW pulled out of Formula One altogether at the end of 1987. Bernie Ecclestone sold the Brabham team to Alfa Romeo and the team missed the 1988 season.

Statistical shape analysis is an analysis of the geometrical properties of some given set of shapes by statistical methods. For instance, it could be used to quantify differences between male and female Gorilla skull shapes, normal and pathological bone shapes, leaf outlines with and without herbivory by insects, etc. Important aspects of shape analysis are to obtain a measure of distance between shapes, to estimate mean shapes from (possibly random) samples, to estimate shape variability within samples, to perform clustering and to test for differences between shapes. One of the main methods used is principal component analysis (PCA). Statistical shape analysis has applications in various fields, including medical imaging, computer vision, computational anatomy, sensor measurement, and geographical profiling. In the point distribution model, a shape is determined by a finite set of coordinate points, known as landmark points. These landmark points often correspond to important identifiable features such as the corners of the eyes. Once the points are collected some form of registration is undertaken. This can be a baseline methods used by Fred Bookstein for geometric morphometrics in anthropology. Or an approach like Procrustes analysis which finds an average shape. David George Kendall investigated the statistical distribution of the shape of triangles, and represented each triangle by a point on a sphere. He used this distribution on the sphere to investigate ley lines and whether three stones were more likely to be co-linear than might be expected. Statistical distribution like the Kent distribution can be used to analyse the distribution of such spaces. Alternatively, shapes can be represented by curves or surfaces representing their contours, by the spatial region they occupy. Differences between shapes can be quantified by investigating deformations transforming one shape into another. In particular a diffeomorphism preserves smoothness in the deformation. This was pioneered in D'Arcy Thompson's On Growth and Form before the advent of computers. Deformations can be interpreted as resulting from a force applied to the shape. Mathematically, a deformation is defined as a mapping from a shape "x" to a shape "y" by a transformation function ***formula***, i.e., ***formula***. Given a notion of size of deformations, the distance between two shapes can be defined as the size of the smallest deformation between these shapes.

Mitch Longley (born June 23, 1965) is an American actor. He is known for his role of Matt Harmon on the soap opera "Port Charles" (1997-2000). Mitch Longley was born in Cleveland, Ohio to John and Betty, a Food Services Executive and a Surgical Nurse. He was the second child born to the family, having an older brother named Matthew. At the age of 5, his family relocated to Rowayton, Connecticut, and had his first yearnings to become an actor. As he was growing up, he performed in local plays, acting and singing. He was a student at Brien McMahon High School and was involved in various after school programs and athletics including band. He became an avid tennis player and his passion for this sport continues to the present day. Mitch attended college at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts. He majored in Speech Communications with a minor in Philosophy. During his college years, he gave talks at several colleges in Boston regarding disability related issues, and sang in the Northeastern University choir. He completed internships through Northeastern such as working with disabled children in San Francisco. After graduating in 1989, Longley returned to his hometown in Norwalk, Connecticut. In 1990, through a friend, he was able to meet the famed fashion photographer, Bruce Weber. Longley subsequently met designer, Ralph Lauren, and was hired by Lauren to be a fashion model in his ad campaigns. A director of the daytime soap opera "Another World" noticed Longley's modeling shots in fashion magazines, and she was interested. In 1991, he was hired for his first professional acting job, young attorney, Byron Pierce. His personality and looks, including his beautiful long flowing mane of hair, were a hit with the fans of "Another World". Longley stayed at the soap for a year and then left of his own accord. For a while, he spent his time traveling. In December 1993, he permanently relocated to Southern California to pursue his acting dreams. On March 13, 1983, after attending a Senior class party, Mitch was involved in a serious car accident in which he fell asleep at the wheel of his car a few blocks from home wrecking his car by plowing into a wall. He was 17 and a half years old when he learned he suffered a spinal cord injury and would be a paraplegic. While in rehabilitation, he graduated from high school and walked with the aid of braces on graduation day, accepting his diploma. Since the accident, Longley uses a wheelchair due to the accident leaving him paralyzed from the waist down.

Martin Whitmarsh (born 29 April 1958) is a British businessman and, since March 2015, the CEO of the Land Rover BAR America's Cup team. Whitmarsh was the CEO of McLaren Racing, a subsidiary company of the McLaren Group and Chief Operating Officer of that group, as well as being the team principal of McLaren Mercedes. Whitmarsh was also the chairman of the Formula One Teams Association and therefore had the responsibility of representing the F1 teams' interests, until the organisation was disbanded in 2014. In 2014, Whitmarsh was removed from his job of CEO of the McLaren Group, CEO of McLaren Racing and also removed from team principal of McLaren Mercedes. Ron Dennis replaced him in the two CEO posts and Eric Boullier replaced him as team principal of the F1 team. Whitmarsh graduated from Portsmouth Polytechnic (now the University of Portsmouth) with a degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1980, and started work at British Aerospace (now BAE Systems) as a structural analysis engineer at its Hamble-le-Rice facility. He was promoted to an advanced composite structures research and development role and transferred to BAe's Weybridge facility. In 1988 he was promoted to the rank of Manufacturing Director and was put in charge of Hawk and Harrier airframe production. He left to join McLaren as Head of Operations in . In , Whitmarsh was promoted to Managing Director, where he was responsible for McLaren Racing, the company's Formula One operation. This allowed Team Principal Ron Dennis to concentrate on other aspects of the McLaren Group. In April , he was again promoted, this time to the position of COO of McLaren Group. On 1 March 2009 Ron Dennis stepped down as head of McLaren Racing to take a role in McLaren Automotive as he planned to expand the company's operation in car manufacturing. In 2011, Whitmarsh became team principal as a result. Having started 2009 with an uncompetitive car, McLaren improved as the year progressed, scoring more points than any other team in the second half of the season, to beat Ferrari to third in Constructors' championship by a single point. In March 2010, Whitmarsh was elevated to president of the Formula One Teams Association (FOTA), replacing Ferrari Chairman and FOTA founder, Luca Cordero di Montezemolo. McLaren did not win a world championship with Whitmarsh as Team Principal, although Lewis Hamilton was in mathematical contention for the drivers' title until the final race of the season, being 24 points behind Fernando Alonso going into the last race of the season. Following an uncompetitive 2013 season, Whitmarsh was ousted from his position as CEO of McLaren Racing and McLaren Group and replaced by his predecessor Ron Dennis in January 2014. He formally parted ways with McLaren in August 2014 after 24 years with the organisation. During the BBC coverage of free practice two of the Belgian Grand Prix in 2011, Whitmarsh explained that he was colourblind making it very hard for him to read the weather radar during races. He was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws degree by the University of Portsmouth in 2009. Whitmarsh has two children.

The 1917 Yukon general election was held on March 15, 1917 to elect the ten members to the 4th Yukon Legislative Council. This election was contested between the Liberals and Conservatives. The Liberals platform was primarily focused on improving working conditions, while the Conservative platform focused on infrastructure development. Both parties pledged to allow women to vote and stayed neutral on prohibition. The Liberals campaigned on a platform of "progressive legislation". They pledged to introduce if elected to bring in woman's suffrage, reducing public works employee work days to 8 hours a day without reducing wages, a new workers compensation act, a pledge to experiment with farming in the Yukon and lowering the cost of medical services and legal fees. In addition to powers covered under territorial jurisdiction, the party pledged to lobby the federal government to put an exemption limit of $1000.00 for royalty payments paid by prospectors and miners. They planned to do this by establishing a memorial to send prayers to Ottawa. The party also decided to take no stand on the question of liquor prohibition which had been voted on a few months prior to the election. The Yukon Territorial Conservative Association pledged to bring in woman's suffrage, establish an old people's home, limit the time that mining claims can be registered under the "Yukon Placer Mining Act" and establish a road network, and wireless telegraph network with rural Yukon and southern Canada. The Conservatives also took a neutral stance regarding the question of prohibition.

Benjamin (as he was known) was born 10 July 1906 in Hyderabad, India. His ancestors had been of a priestly caste. However, he had a remarkably dedicated Christian mother. On one occasion, at a special service held soon after his birth, his mother (then only sixteen) made an offering. She put into an envelope all the money she had, writing on the outside: ""I offer to the Lord these three rupees and my son." " Balaram was an apt student. He studied engineering at the University of Edinburgh, with additional study in Denmark. He was chosen by the Methodist Episcopal Church as a Crusade Scholar, going onto further higher education in the United States. Completing his B.A. degree, Phi Beta Kappa, he went on to complete his Master's degree at the University of Pittsburgh. Upon the completion of these educational pursuits, Balaram returned to India. He was enlisted by Bishop Pickett for development work, both urban and village Christian work. Over the course of his career, Rev. Balaram served in a variety of positions, becoming a widely acknowledged religious leader, especially in education and social work. Balaram was elected to the episcopacy by the Central Conference of Southern Asia at the Central Conference meeting in January 1965. He was assigned to the Lucknow episcopal area. Bishop Balaram was known as a highly creative person, full of ideas. Very articulate and winsome, he won many friends for India wherever he went. For instance, he was an intimate friend of Bishop Mathews for over thirty years. Balaram also personally knew many of the political leaders of the newly independent India. He was able to help offset any damaging effect of the image of that day that the Indian Christian Church and community were in someway "foreign." Balaram died from a heart attack on 17 January 1968. He was buried in Lucknow.

Peter White (born 20 September 1954) is a smooth jazz and jazz fusion guitarist. He also plays the accordion and the piano. He is known for his 20-year collaboration with Al Stewart. His brother, Danny White, was one of the original members who formed the UK-based band Matt Bianco. Born in Luton, England, White first gained fame with his distinctive guitar style as accompanist to Al Stewart. During a 20-year tenure with Stewart, he co-wrote many songs, including Stewart's 1978 top-ten hit "Time Passages". In the late 1980s, White accompanied Basia on a series of acclaimed albums. In 1996, Basia was featured on White's album "Caravan of Dreams", with vocals on the single "Just Another Day". White began recording his own albums in 1990. His songs — "Midnight in Manhattan", recorded by Grover Washington, Jr. (1998), and "Bright" (2009) — have each reached number one on the "Billboard" Jazz Songs chart. White performed regularly on many Windows albums, appearing as a more or less 'permanent guest'. In 2001 and 2002, he worked on Creed Bratton's on Bratton's first three solo albums. White produced, mixed and also played guitar on many of the tracks. Peter White won the award for best Smooth Jazz Musician in the 2007 Canadian Smooth Jazz Awards. He was named the Best Guitarist at the National Smooth Jazz Awards for four consecutive years from 2000-2003. In 2000, White won three Oasis Contemporary Jazz Awards: ***LIST***.

The Classic 8 Conference, also known as the C8C, is a high school athletic conference made up of 8 teams in southeastern Wisconsin. The Classic 8 Conference is a member of the WIAA. The conference is one of the newer conferences in the WIAA, having been formed in 1997. The conference has schools that participate in such sports as lacrosse, field hockey, alpine skiing, boys ice hockey, girls ice hockey, and cross-country skiing. Current members of the Classic 8 Conference have accounted for a total of 17 state appearances, including 11 WIAA State Champions. Of those eleven state championships, Arrowhead has won six (1993, 1994, 1996, 2007, 2012, 2013), Kettle Moraine has won one (1988), Mukwonago has won one (2004), Catholic Memorial has won one (2012) and Waukesha West has won two (2004, 2010). The conference put its football talents on display especially in 2004, when it had two WIAA state champions in Mukwonago (Division 1) and Waukesha West (Division 2) and again in 2012 when it had Arrowhead (Division 1) and Catholic Memorial (Division 3). Since 2000, the conference has sent 15 teams to the state championships in Madison at Camp Randall (8 state runners-up, 7 championships). The Classic 8 Conference is often represented by multiple schools in both the boys' and girls' state rankings, as well as at the WIAA State Division I Meet currently held at Ridges Golf Course in Wisconsin Rapids. In only the past ten years, Classic 8 teams have run to 7 WIAA Division I championships, as well as 5 runnerup finishes. Titles have gone to Waukesha West girls (1999, 2000, 2001, 2004 and 2005), Arrowhead girls (2007), Waukesha West boys (1999) and Waukesha Catholic Memorial boys (2002). Second-place state finishes in the past ten years were earned by Arrowhead girls (1999), Arrowhead boys (2002 and 2004), and Waukesha West girls (2002 and 2006).

, also known as Virgin Crisis, is a shōjo manga series by Mayu Shinjo. It was serialized in 17 chapters by Shogakukan in the biweekly manga magazine "Shōjo Comic" in 2001, and collected in four bound volumes. It depicts the romance between a high-school girl, Miu, and Satan. "Akuma na Eros" is focused on Miu Sakurai, a high-school girl who is in love with her classmate, Shion Amamiya. Miu summons Satan through a book and wishes for Amamiya to fall in love with her, but Satan demands her virginity as the price. Satan's spell fails because Amamiya is Christian, and uses his powers to make disguise himself as Miu's elder brother named "Kai", and his crow familiar, Malphas, into a younger brother named Tsubasa. Satan demands her virginity on the day of Amamiya's love confession to Miu, but along the way Miu develops feelings for Satan. After Amamiya confesses, Miu heads to the church where Satan attempts to take her virginity. Amamiya, appears at the church and impales Satan with a sword, revealing himself as the archangel Michael. Michael and Satan battle in the church, and Satan is wounded. Michael prepares to send Satan back to Hell, but as he collapses he promises to take Miu's heart with him and tells her that he loves her. Miu runs to Satan and wishes for him to stay by her side, and Satan agrees in return for her eternal love. Michael admits defeat as he can not fight true love. Alone again, Satan reverts to his human form to claim Miu, but she faints from the excitement before he could take her virginity. Satan assumes a new identity, but Michael summons Sarah, a half angel-half demon, and informs her of Satan's love of a human woman. Sarah summons Satan back to hell, and Satan takes Miu to Hell with him. Miu runs away after learning of the sexual relationship between Satan and Serah. Satan rejects Sarah and forces Miu to return where he claims her virginity repeatedly. Satan and Miu return to Earth, but a jealous Sarah drives a wedge between them. Michael consoles Miu and a watchful Satan takes this to be infidelity and demands sex in front of a gathering of demons. During sex, Miu swears she did not betray his love and Satan dismisses the gathering to take her privately. Satan asks Miu to become his wife and to live with him in Hell, but it requires her to first die. He returns her to her room to think about it. Uncertain if she wants to leave her family and friends, she finds herself at the bookstore where she bought the magic book and learns that the book had been waiting for her and her meeting with Satan was fated. Miu runs out of the store to find Kai, but iron beam falls from above and kill her. Michael, having realized Sarah was behind it, arrives to find Death ready to take Miu's soul to the realm of the dead, where neither angel nor devil could reach her. He refuses to allow her soul to be taken, and uses his powers to disperse Death. Satan discovers people have now forgotten himself, Miu and Amamiya, as Michael erases Miu's and those she knew memories and takes her to Heaven to spend eternity with him. After killing Sarah for killing Miu, Satan goes to Heaven to retrieve her. Though Michael attempts to woo her, Miu can't accept him. Satan arrives and as he and Michael battle, Miu's memories return and she runs to a badly injured Satan, growing wings of her own, she covers him. Michael opens the way back to Hell and accepts that Miu will only be happy with Satan. When Miu yells good-bye to Michael, she calls him by his human name "Shion", Michael says good-bye to himself for Miu and says that she was his angel. At the end of the series, Miu leaves her life behind and joins Satan in Hell where she becomes his wife. "Akuma na Eros" was written and illustrated by Mayu Shinjo. It was serialized by Shogakukan in the biweekly shōjo manga magazine "Shōjo Comic" in 2001, starting in the double issue 3&4 and running until issue 24. The 17 chapters were collected in four "tankōbon" volumes. It was republished in two "bunkoban" volumes on February 15, 2006. The series is licensed in Spain and Argentina by Editorial Ivrea, in Germany by Egmont Manga & Anime, and in Italy by Star Comics. All three editions are published with the title "Virgin Crisis".

George F. Coulouris is a British computer scientist and the son of actor George Coulouris. He is an emeritus professor of Queen Mary, University of London and is currently Visiting Professor in Residence at University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory. He is co-author (with Jean Dollimore) of a textbook on distributed systems. He was instrumental in the development of ICL's Content Addressable File Store (CAFS) and he developed "em", the Unix editor, which inspired Bill Joy to write vi. Colouris worked at IBM and other companies before joining the London Institute of Computer Science as a Research Assistant and then Imperial College London as a lecturer in 1965. In 1971 he joined Queen Mary College as a lecturer. He became a reader in 1973 and a professor in 1978. He retired from Queen Mary in 1998, and has been a visiting professor at the University of Cambridge since. Prof Coulouris's name is of Greek heritage, as he is the son of actor George Coulouris, whose father was a Greek immigrant to Britain married to an English woman. George Coulouris's sister was artist Mary Louise Coulouris.

The Tonnidae are a family of medium-sized to very large sea snails, known as the tun shells. These are marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha. The name "tun" refers to the snails' shell shape which resembles wine casks known as "tuns". While the shells are thin, they are also strong. There is no operculum. They are found in all tropical seas, where they inhabit sandy areas. During the day, they bury themselves in the substrate, emerging at night to feed on echinoderms (especially sea cucumbers), crustaceans, and bivalves. Some larger species also capture fish, using their expandable probosces to swallow them whole. Females lay rows of eggs that become free-swimming larvae for several months before settling to the bottom. In 2005, these subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi: ***LIST***. Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) listed Cassidae as a synonym of Tonnidae Suter, 1913 (1825), following Riedel (1995) in this. However, later Beu (2008: 272) separated the two families. This is in agreement with the action of Thiele (1925) who placed Tonnidae and Cassidae under "Tonnacea", therefore acting as first reviser under ICZN article 24. In this respect, the World Register of Marine Species follows the opinion of Beu. Genera and species within the family Tonnidae include: The subfamily Cassinae has been raised to the rank of family Cassidae ***LIST***.

James Milne Walsh (born 10 June 1980 in Wigan) is an English singer, songwriter, guitarist, pianist and frontman of the band, Starsailor. In 2009, Walsh began recording his first solo album, working with American songwriter and singer Suzanne Vega, and making his first film collaboration with "Powder". Including his work with Starsailor, he has sold over three million albums globally. Born in Wigan, Walsh grew up in Chorley where he attended St Michel's CE School. He started playing the piano at the age of 12, and by the time he was 14 he wrote his own songs; he enjoyed listening to artists like The Charlatans, Oasis, and Jeff Buckley. A shy and lonely personality, he looked for artists that had, or have, an influence on the musicians of his generation. Eventually he was attracted to artists and bands such as Neil Young, Bob Dylan, Nick Drake, and The Beatles. Walsh was so impressed by the music of Tim Buckley, that he decided to name his own band after the title of Buckley's 1970 album "Starsailor". He met fellow band members, James Stelfox and Ben Byrne, when he studied music at the Leigh campus of Wigan and Leigh College in Wigan. Starsailor members Ben Byrne and James Stelfox had played together in bands in Warrington. One day, when their vocalist did not turn up, Walsh asked them if he could sit in with them and sing for this rehearsal. This was the first incarnation of Starsailor as a band. Walsh decided to play the guitars for the band after the "frustration over not finding a musician right for the group". On 31 March 2009 "The Sun" announced that Walsh will appear in the movie adaptation of controversial rock and roll novel "Powder" by Kevin Sampson. He will play the role of the singer of The Grams. On 3 April 2009, Starsailor's website administrator, confirmed part of the information stating that "James had been in talks with the Powder author about providing the vocals for the actor in the film" and else adding that "James himself won't be acting or appearing, but might provide the vocals for the songs in the film". The film will be released in Autumn 2011, after a premiere on 19 May. In 2009, he started recording his first solo album, working with American songwriter and singer Suzanne Vega. His first solo EP, "Live at the Top of the World" was recorded in Tromsø with a chamber orchestra from Norway, and was released in November 2010. He has also contributed to a mini-album "Robotic Heart Foundation" by Nikolaj Torp Larsson and Andreas Olson, after he met them at a studio when working on a film. Larsson and Olson have continued to work with Walsh on his debut album, which is expected to be released in 2011. In 2010 Walsh has worked together with Belgian band Andes on the song "één dag meer" ("One More Day"). During June 2011, Walsh supported Simple Minds on their "Greatest Hits Forest Tour". In April 2015, Walsh supported Mike and the Mechanics on their "The Hits" tour. In the middle of 2002, there was a feud between Noel Gallagher of Oasis and James Walsh (who was initially musically inspired by the sound of Oasis). Gallagher had called the Starsailor singer a "cock" in an interview for "NME" magazine; something denied by the accused. However, when Walsh confronted Gallagher at the T in the Park festival in 2002, Gallagher claimed that, if he said it, then it must be true. Noel's brother Liam got involved, allegedly squaring up to Walsh on the same day. In live shows following this, most notably at the 2002 V Festival, the Starsailor frontman announced "it is nice to be good, and good to be nice". Gallagher went on to declare that the incident was "the most fun Walsh has had in his life". The feud was resolved at Glastonbury in 2004. Walsh has been married to Lisa McNamee since 2003. They have a daughter, Niamh (born 9 August 2002) and a son, Cillian James (born 30 June 2008). He is a supporter of Liverpool F.C. and used to play concerts for the other supporters and leave comments about the development of the team in his Myspace and Twitter.

Lamb was a younger son of Peniston Lamb, 1st Viscount Melbourne, and his wife Elizabeth Milbanke, and the younger brother of Prime Minister William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne. Since his mother had numerous lovers, his real paternity is a matter of conjecture. He married Alexandrina Julia Theresa Wilhelmina Sophia Gräfin von Maltzan, daughter of Joachim Charles Leslie Mortimer Graf von Maltzan. It was generally considered to be a love marriage: even though Alexandrina was more than thirty years her husband's junior, he was described as being "as handsome and debonair at sixty as he had been at twenty-five." William, Frederick and their sister Emily remained close all their lives, although Frederick and Emily disliked William's wife Lady Caroline Lamb, whom they called "the little beast". He served as British Ambassador to Vienna ending in 1841. He was invested as a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath and admitted to the Privy Council in 1822. In 1839 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Beauvale, of Beauvale in the County of Nottingham. In 1848 he succeeded his elder brother as third Viscount Melbourne. Despite a certain personal coolness between them, Lord Palmerston, as Foreign Secretary placed great confidence in Lamb, wrote to him in a courteous style very different from his usual brusque manner, and left the running of the Vienna Embassy almost entirely in his hands. The coolness was due to Palmerston's decades-long affair with Lamb's sister Emily, Lady Cowper; Lamb disapproved of the affair and disapproved equally of their eventual marriage, although this proved to be very happy. Palmerston's biographer notes that the marriage coincided with the early stages of the Oriental Crisis of 1840, and that the two men, although they were then personally barely on speaking terms, cooperated in an entirely professional way to resolve it. Palmerston, in addition to his real respect for Lamb, was anxious not to quarrel with him for Emily's sake: as Charles Greville remarked: "the Chief (Palmerston) is devoted to the sister and the sister to the brother". Relations between the two men became friendlier in later years, partly because both Palmerston and Emily were fond of Fred's wife Alexandrina. Lord Melbourne died childless in January 1853, aged 70, and all his titles became extinct. The family seat of Melbourne Hall passed to his sister Emily. His widow remarried in 1856 to John Weld-Forester, 2nd Baron Forester, was widowed again in 1873, and died in 1894.

J. C. Fargo was born in Watervale, New York, an unincorporated hamlet in Onondaga County, northeast of Pompey, New York. He was the seventh of eleven children born to William Congdell Fargo (1791–1878), of New London, Connecticut, and Stacy Chappel Strong (1799–1869). His older brother, the eldest child of William and Stacy, was William Fargo (1818–1881). Fargo attended public school in Sacramento. In 1845, when he was fifteen, he moved to Buffalo, New York to work for his brother William, who was running express lines between Buffalo, Detroit, Michigan and Albany, New York. Originally a clerk, Fargo was eventually tasked with the delivery of money packages. In 1847, Fargo was granted control of operations in Detroit. Four years later, when the company was organized as Wells Fargo & Company, Fargo was named Superintendent of Virginia operations. In 1855, Fargo was appointed agent of Chicago, Illinois for the American Express Company, the successor to Wells, Fargo & Co. He was then promoted to General Superintendent of the Northwest Division for the company. He left for New York City, New York in 1867 to assume the position of General Manager of the American Express Company. He became the third president of American Express after William's death in 1881, with former U.S. Representative Theodore M. Pomeroy remaining vice-president. James was also a co-founder, along with William Fargo, of American Express. He was succeeded as president in 1914 by George Chadbourne Taylor. Sometime between 1888 and 1890, J. C. Fargo took a trip to Europe and returned frustrated and infuriated. Despite the fact that he was president of American Express and that he carried with him traditional letters of credit, he found it difficult to obtain cash anywhere, except in major cities. Fargo went to Marcellus Flemming Berry and asked him to create a better solution than the traditional letter of credit. Berry, who had invented the express money order in 1882, created the American Express Traveler's Cheque, which was launched in 1891 in denominations of $10, $20, $50, and $100. Fargo married Fannie Parsons Stuart (1833–1896) on December 15, 1863. Together, they had: ***LIST***. Two of his children worked at the American, National, and Westcott Express Companies. His son William was the Secretary and his son James was the Treasurer. He died on February 8, 1915 at his residence in New York City, 56 Park Avenue.

Walter Julius Reppe (29 July 1892 in Göringen – 26 July 1969 in Heidelberg) was a German chemist. He is notable for his contributions to the chemistry of acetylene. Walter Reppe began his study of the natural sciences University of Jena in 1911. Interrupted by the First World War, he obtained his doctorate in Munich in 1920. In 1921, Reppe worked for BASF's main laboratory. From 1923, he worked on the catalytic dehydration of formamide to prussic acid in the indigo laboratory, developing this procedure for industrial use. In 1924, he left research for 10 years, only resuming it in 1934. Reppe began his interest in acetylene in 1928. Acetylene is a gas which can take part in many chemical reactions. However, it is explosive and accidents often occurred. Because of this danger, small quantities of acetylene were used at a time, and always without high pressures. In fact, it was forbidden to compress acetylene over 1.5 bar at BASF. To work with acetylene safely, Reppe designed special test tubes, the so-called "Reppe glasses" — stainless steel spheres with screw-type cap, which permitted high pressure experiments. The efforts ended finally with a large number of interrelated reactions, known as "Reppe chemistry". The high pressure reactions catalysed by heavy metal acetylides, especially copper acetylide, or metal carbonyls are called Reppe Chemistry. Reactions can be classified into four large classes: ***LIST***. This simple synthesis was used to prepare acrylic acid derivatives for the production of acrylic glass. ***LIST***. If a competing ligand such as triphenylphosphine is present in sufficient proportion to occupy one coordination site, then room is left for only three acetylene molecules, and these come together to form benzene This reaction provided an unusual route to benzene and especially to cyclooctatetraene, which was difficult to prepare otherwise. Products from these four reaction types proved to be versatile intermediates in the syntheses of lacquers, adhesives, foam materials, textile fibers, and pharmaceuticals could now be produced. After the Second World War, Reppe led the research of BASF from 1949 up to his retirement in 1957. From 1952 to 1966, he also sat on the supervisory board. He was also a professor at the University of Mainz and TH Darmstadt from 1951 and 1952 respectively. Together with Otto Bayer and Karl Ziegler he received the Werner von Siemens Ring in 1960 for expanding the scientific knowledge on and for the technical development of new synthetic high-molecular materials. Most of the industrial processes that were developed by Reppe and coworkers have been superseded, largely because the chemical industry has shifted from coal as feedstock to oil. Alkenes from thermal cracking are readily available, but acetylene is not. Together with his contemporaries Otto Roelen, Karl Ziegler, Hans Tropsch, and Franz Fischer, Reppe was a leader in demonstrating the utility of metal-catalyzed reactions in large scale synthesis of organic compounds. The economic benefits demonstrated by this research motivated the eventual flowering of organometallic chemistry and its close connection to industry.

Durand was born in Cobleskill, New York. He attended the common schools and Genesee Wesleyan Seminary at Lima, New York. Durand moved to Oxford, Michigan in 1856, where he taught school, studied law, and was admitted to the bar. Durand commenced practice at Flint, Michigan in 1858, where he was also a member of the board of education and a member of the board of aldermen, from 1862 to 1867. He was the mayor of Flint in 1873 and 1874. In 1874, Durand was elected as a Democrat from Michigan's 6th congressional district to the 44th United States Congress, serving from March 4, 1875 to March 3, 1877. In 1876, he lost in the general election to Republican Mark S. Brewer. Durand resumed his law practice. In 1892, he was one of Michigan's Presidential Electors. He was appointed Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court in 1892, and was subsequently defeated for election to the court in 1893 by Frank A. Hooker. Durand was president of the State board of law examiners for many years and was appointed special assistant United States attorney in Chinese and opium smuggling cases in Oregon, serving from 1893 to 1896. Durand died in Flint and is interred in Glenwood Cemetery there. In 1876, the community of Durand, Michigan was named after him.

Recording the Angel was a project by the band Depeche Mode to record the concerts on the final two legs of their 2005/06 concert tour, Touring the Angel. The recording was done by London-based company Live Here Now. Of the 46 shows that took place, 43 were recorded and made available on the band's website for direct download or on double CD via mail order. All the issued CDs featured the same artwork (cover and booklet), differing only in the setlist, which was printed on an extra white card, and the venue and show date printed on the front and back covers and on the discs themselves. Concert on 29 April 2006. Track listing Concert on 30 April 2006. Track listing Concert on 4 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 5 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 7 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 13 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 14 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 17 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 18 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 20 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 21 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 2 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 4 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 5 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 7 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 9 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 11 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 12 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 14 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 16 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 17 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 21 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 23 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 25 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 26 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 28 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 29 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 1 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 2 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 7 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 10 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 12 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 13 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 15 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 17 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 19 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 20 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 22 July 2006. Martin Gore's 45th birthday. Track listing Concert on 25 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 26 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 30 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 1 August 2006. Track listing

The was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. Its tsūshōgō code name was the , and its military symbol was 14D. The 14th Division was one of four new infantry divisions raised by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) in the closing stages of the Russo-Japanese War 1 April 1905, after it turned out that the entire IJA was committed to combat in Manchuria, leaving not a single division to guard the Japanese home islands from attack. The 14th Division was initially established in Kokura (present-day Kitakyushu, Fukuoka) under the command of Lieutenant General Tsuchiya Mitsuharu, with men recruited from Osaka, Zentsūji, Kagawa, Hiroshima and Kumamoto. It was the only one of the four emergency divisions raised that was considered combat-ready (albeit still severely understrength) prior to the end of the war. It was dispatched to the front in August 1905, where it joined General Nogi Maresuke's IJA Third Army. However, it arrived too late to see any combat, and was assigned policing duties in the Japanese-occupied Liaodong Peninsula and along the South Manchurian Railway in August 1905. It was replaced by the 10th division in 1906, and was withdrawn to Himeji, Hyōgo. In September 1907 the divisional headquarters was established in what is now the city of Utsunomiya, Tochigi, and its composition totally reorganized. The 53rd Infantry Regiment was transferred to the 16th division in Kyoto and the 54th Infantry Regiment was transferred to the newly created 17th division based in Okayama. The 55th Infantry Regiment and 56th Infantry Regiments were transferred to the newly created 18th division, based in Kurume, Fukuoka. In place of these units, the division gained the Sakura-based 2nd Infantry Regiment (in April 1908 relocated to Mito, Ibaraki), as well as the Takasaki-based 15th Infantry Regiment and the newly created Utsunomiya-based 66th Infantry Regiment. By the 23 October 1908, the reorganization was complete with the transfer of the 28th infantry brigade headquarters, 18th cavalry regiment, 20th field artillery regiment and the 14th logistics regiment to Utsunomiya. The 59th infantry regiment also joined division in 1909, been relocated to Utsunomiya from Narashino. In April 1918, the 14th Division was one of the Japanese divisions earmarked for the Japanese intervention in Siberia, actually starting to participate in August 1919. In March–May 1920, the 3rd Battalion of the IJA 2nd Infantry Regiment stationed at Nikolayevsk-on-Amur was massacred by Bolshevik irregulars in what came to be known as the . The "14th division" has returned to Japan in August–November 1920. In March 1925, the 66th Infantry Regiment was disbanded, and replaced by the Matsumoto-based IJA 50th Infantry Regiment. Also, the 27th infantry brigade headquarters was moved from Mito to Utsunomiya while 28th infantry brigade headquarters transferred to Takasaki. The 14th Division was deployed to Ryojun in the Kwantung Leased Territory in April 1927. Units from the division were deployed to Jinan and Tsingtao in 1928 in the aftermath of the Jinan Incident. The 14th Division returned to Japan in 1929. In 1932, the 14th Division was again deployed to Manchuria under the aegis of the Kwantung Army and was involved in the January 28 Incident. It also participated in the March 1932 Mukden Incident. Its 2nd battalion of the 2nd Infantry regiment also participated in the Battle of Rehe in May 1932. The 14th Division was withdrawn back to Japan in 1934. The outbreak of general hostilities in the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937 put the 14th Division under the command of Lieutenant General Kenji Doihara was reassigned to the Northern China Area Army theater of operations and as part of the IJA 1st Army participated in the Beiping–Hankou Railway Operation, proceeding by Baoding - Shanxi - Xuzhou route. In 1938, the "14th division" has participated in the campaign of Northern and Eastern Honan where it was involved in the Battle of Lanfeng. Meanwhile, in April 1938, the relocation of the "14th division" to the China was made permanent and the 22nd division was established in Utsunomiya headquarters. After finishing a term on the front-line in 1939, the "14th Division" was sent to Qiqihar in Manchukuo to serve as a garrison force. In August 1940, the division was re-organized into a triangular division, with the IJA 50th Infantry Regiment transferred to the 29th division. Approximately at this period, demobilized Japanese soldiers have brought the fried Jiaozi local recipe, known in Japanese as "gyōza", from Manchukuo to Japan. As the troops from the 14th Division were mostly from Utsunomiya, the Utsunomiya has become known throughout Japan for its "gyōza". In September 1941, the division was ordered back to line at the Mongolian border at Handagai (south-east of Nomonhan). In August 1942, the 14th Division was sent back to Manchukuo, and assigned to garrison duty. As the situation in the Pacific War against the United States continued to deteriorate, the Supreme War Council began transferring forces out of Manchukuo to the southern operational areas. The 14th Division under the command of Lieutenant General Sadae Inoue was assigned to Palau 24 April 1944, with its 2nd regiment and 3rd battalion of 15th regiment were sent to the island of Peleliu, one battalion of its 59th Infantry Regiment stationed on the island of Angaur, and the rest of the 59th regiment and 15th regiment were sent to the Babeldaob island along with divisional headquarters. Before departure, the infantry regiments were reorganized, absorbing divisional engineers, artillery, transport and reconnaissance units. The loss of machine cannon company during transportation also has resulted in abandonment of the plans to deploy a newly created 22nd independent mixed engineer regiment to the western New Guinea. The subsequent Battle of Peleliu and Battle of Angaur were among the fiercest of the Pacific War. At Angaur, 1338 of the 1400 defenders were killed, and at Peleliu, 10,695 of the 11,000 defenders perished from 15 September 1944 to 24 November 1944. As the troops on Peleliu were wiped out, the transfer of the 2nd battalion of 15th regiment to Peleliu was cancelled. The Babeldaob was never invaded, but the units stationed there have suffered severe casualties due airstrikes and starvation nonetheless.

The Mountain Institute (TMI) is an international non-profit organization dedicated to protecting the world's mountains by conserving mountain ecosystems and empowering the people in mountain communities. The Mountain Institute is headquartered in Washington, D.C. and operates regional field offices in the Andes, Appalachians, and Himalayas. Respectively, these are the longest, the oldest, and the tallest mountain ranges in the world. The Mountain Institute was founded in 1972 as the Woodlands & Whitewater Institute in Cherry Grove, West Virginia. The organization's goal was to facilitate children sharing activities with their parents, experiencing adventure together, and developing relationships that would support and guide them through adolescence. Woodlands was designed as a "family equivalent to Outward Bound and National Outdoor Leadership School" with courses that brought together fathers and sons and fathers and daughters for rock climbing, caving, backpacking, fly fishing, photography, falconry, and survival skills. These outings were based out of the Spruce Knob Mountain Center, a 400-acre tract of land abutting the Monongahela National Forest on the west side of Spruce Mountain in West Virginia. In 1973, TMI's work expanded to experiential and leadership education for youth. The Baltimore Friends School, of which TMI's founders are alumni, was the first school course. St. Paul's School for Girls came next, and the founders were soon working with a number of schools in the Baltimore, Washington, D.C., Pittsburgh, and New York City areas. These school courses quickly became TMI's niche in the experiential education world and remain so today. TMI became an international organization in 1987, when it assisted in the establishment of Makalu Barun National Park in Nepal and the adjacent Qomolangma National Nature Preserve in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. At this time, the organization changed its name to "Woodlands Mountain Institute" to reflect its broad work in the world's mountain ranges. "Woodlands" was later dropped. The Andes program began in 1996, as large scale mining and hydroelectric projects and a sharp increase in tourism coincided with a rapid decline in traditional means of livelihood within local communities. The resulting conflict between development and traditional cultures not only exacerbated the economic challenges faced by local populations, it also accelerated deterioration of local mountain ecosystems. To address these issues, TMI developed comprehensive community-based projects to demonstrate the potential for diversifying local methods of subsistence through community-based tourism and protection of biodiversity hotspots. The program has grown in the past 15 years and Instituto de Montaña is now recognized as one of the leading NGOs in Peru. The Mountain Institute has been involved in a variety of conservation and community programs in the Himalayas since 1987. Among these programs is the Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) program, in which TMI works with farmers in the Sacred Himalayan Landscape by teaching them to cultivate medical plants, having trained over 12,500 since 2001.