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Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama

Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama Award presented annually by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association The Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama is a Golden Globe Award presented annually by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA). The award honors the best performance by an actress in a drama television series. It was first awarded at the 19th Golden Globe Awards on March 5, 1962 under the title Best TV Star – Female, encompassing performances in comedy and drama television series, to Pauline Frederick. The nominees for the award announced annually starting in 1963. In 1969, the award was split into the drama and comedy categories, presented under the new title Best TV Actress – Drama and in 1980 under its current title. Since its inception, the award has been given to 50 actresses. Angela Lansbury has won the most awards in this category, winning four times, and received ten nominations for the awards, the most in the category; all of her wins were for the series "Murder, She Wrote", which therefore holds the record for series with the most wins in the category. The record for series with the most different actresses winning the award is held by "The Crown", for which three actors each won the award once: Claire Foy, Olivia Colman, and Emma Corrin. Winners and nominees. Listed below are the winners of the award for each year, as well as the other nominees. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

shrestho obhinetrir baabe golden globe botaa-television dharabahik naatok shrestho obhinetrir baabe golden globe botaa-television sirij drama hoise hollywod foren press ess "siyesyonor (eis. ef. pi. e.) dwara prodan koraa ek golden globe botaa. ei botatuwe ekhon naatok television dharabahikot egoraki obhinetrir shrestho prodorxonok xonman jonay. 1962 sonor 5 marchot 19 xongkhyok go "lden globe awardsot prothombaror baabe comedy aaru naatok television dharabahikot obhinoy kori xorbosrestho tibhi taroka-mohila xirxokor odhinot polin fredericok ei botaa prodan koraa hoisil. 1963 sonor poraa aarombho kori bosori ei botar baabe monunit huwa xokolor naam ghuxona koraa hoisil. 1969 sonot ei botatu naatok aaru comedy xakhat bibhokto koraa hoisil, jikhon notun xirxok shrestho tibhi obhinetri-naatok aaru 1980 sonot iyar bortoman xirunamor odhinot prodan koraa hoisil. aarombhonir porai ei botaa 50 goraki obhinetrik prodan koraa hoise. angela lensbariye ei shrenit xorbadhik botaa laabh korise, saribar bijoyi hoise, aaru botar baabe dohta monunoyon laabh korise, shrenitut xorbadhik; teur xokolu joy "hotya" sringkholar baabe aasil, taai likhisil, ji xeyehe shrenit xorbadhik joyor xoite sringkholar obhilekh raakhe. ataitkoi bhinno obhinetrixokole botatu laabh koraa dharabahikor obhilekh "dyo krauno" ror haatot aase, jaar baabe tinijon obhinetai ebarkoi botatu laabh korisiloh clair foy, olivia kolmen, aaru emaa korin. bijoyi aaru monunit byokti. tolot proti bosoror baabe botaa bijoyixokolor logote aan monunitxokolor talika diya hoise.

sera abhinetrir jonno golden globe puraskar-television sirij drama sera abhinetrir jonno golden globe puraskar-television sirij drama holl hollywood foren presha association (aichfpa) dwara proti bochor prodotto ekti golden globe puraskar. eyi puroskarti ekti natok television sirije ekjon abhinetrir sera abhinayake somman korey. 1962 saaler 5ee march march golden globe awarde prothombar sera tibhi tarka-mohila shironame comedy ebong natok television sirije abhinoy korey pollin fredrikke eyi puraskar pradan koraa hoy. 1963 saal theke proti bochor eyi puroskarer jonno mononitder naam ghoshana koraa hoy. 1969 saale, puroskarti natok ebong comedy bibhage bivokto koraa hoy, jaa notun shironame sera tibhi abhinetri-natok ebong 1980 saale err bortoman shironame uposthapito hoy. protisthar porr theke 50 john abhinetrike eyi puraskar deoa hoyeche. angella lansbury eyi bibhage sorbadhik puraskar jitechen, charbar jitechen ebong puroskarer jonno dashti mononoyon peyechen, eyi bibhage sorbadhik; taanr samasta joy chhilo "hotya" sirijer jonno, tini likhechen, jaa taai bibhage sorbadhik joyer saathe sirijer record rakhe. sabcheye vinno abhinetrider puraskar jetar saathe sirijer recordti "dya krauna"-err kachhe royeche, jaar jonno tinjan abhineta protteke ekbar korey puraskar jitechenoh clair foy, olivia collman ebong emma corin. vijayi ebong manoneet. neeche proti bochorer puraskar vijayider pashapashi anyanno mononitder talika deoa holl.

shreshth abhinetri maate golden globe award-television shrenee drama shreshth abhinetri maateno golden globe award-television shrenee naatak aee hollywood foren presa association (aech. aef. pii. aee.) dwara darr varshe aapvama aavto golden globe award chhe. aaa puraskar naatak television shreneema abhinetri dwara shreshth pradarshanne sanmanit karey chhe. tene saupratham 5 march, march roj roj golden globe awardsma shreshth tivi staar-maheela sheershak hethal enayat karvaamaa aavyo hato, jemaa komedi aneey drama television shreneeoma pradarshanno samaavesh thaay chhe, jeey pollin frederickne aapvama aavyo hato. hato sharoo kareene darr varshe jaaher karvaamaa aavtaa aaa puraskar maate namankit vyaktione, vyaktione, aaa puraskaarne naatak aneey haasy shreneeoma vahenchvaamaa aavyo hato, jeey shreshth television abhinetri-naatak aneey aneey tenaa vartmaan sheershak hethal rajoo karvaamaa aavyo hato. tenee sharuaatthi atyaar sudhimaa 50 abhinetrione aaa puraskar aapvama aavyo chhe. angella lansbury aaa shreneema sauthee vadhu puraskaaro jeetya chhe, chaar vakhat jeetya chhe, aneey puraskaaro maate dass namankan melvyaa chhe, aaa shreneema sauthee vadhu; teneeni tamaam jeet shrenee "hatyaa" maate hatee, teneeae lakhyu, jeey tethee shreneema sauthee vadhu jeet saathe shrenee maateno vikram dharaave chhe. shreneema sauthee vadhu alag abhinetrio saathe award jitvaano vikram "dhaa kraaun" paase chhe, jenaa maate trana abhinetaoae aek vaar award jeetyo hatoh clayer phoy, olivia colman aneey emma corin. vijetaao aneey namankit. neeche darek varshnaa puraskaarnaa vijetaao temaj anya namankit loko soochibaddh chhe.

sarvshreshth abhinetri key liye golden globe puraskar-television shrinkhala naatak sarvshreshth abhinetri key liye golden globe puraskar-television shrinkhala naatak hollywood videshi press sangh (aich. aff. pee. aeye.) dwara prativarsh prastut kiya jaane vaalaa ack golden globe puraskar haye. yeh puraskar ack naatak television shrinkhala mein ack abhinetri dwara sarvshreshth pradarshan kaa sammaan kartaa haye. ise pahali baar 5 march, 1962 koo 19vein golden globe awards mein sarvshreshth tv starr-mahila key khitaab key tahat sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen paulin fredrick koo comedy aur naatak television shrinkhala mein pradarshan shamil thaa. 1963 mein shuru honey vaale puraskar key liye namankit logon kii ghoshana kii gaee thee. 1969 mein, puraskar koo naatak aur haasya shreniyon mein vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa, jise nae sheershak sarvshreshth tv abhinetri-naatak key tahat prastut kiya gayaa thaa aur 1980 mein isake vartamaan sheershak key tahat. apani sthaapana key baad seey, yeh puraskar 50 abhinetriyon koo diyaa jaa chuka haye. angella lansbury ney iss shreni mein sabse adhik puraskar jeete hain, chaar baar jeete hain, aur puraskaron key liye duss namankan praapt kiye hain, joe shreni mein sabse adhik hain; unaki sabhi jeet shrinkhala "hatyaa" key liye thee, unhone likhaa, joe isaliye shreni mein sabse adhik jeet key saath shrinkhala key liye record rakhta haye. sabse alag abhinetriyon key saath shrinkhala key liye record puraskar jeetane kaa record "dha crown" key paas haye, jisake liye teen abhinetaon ney ack baar puraskar jeetaah clyer foy, olivia coleman aur emma corin. vijeta aur namankit. neeche pratyek varsh key liye puraskar key vijetaon key saath-saath anya namankit vyakti bhee soochibaddh hain.

atyuttama natigaagi golden globe prashasti-duradarshana sarani nataka atyuttama natigaagi golden globe prashasti-duradarshana sarani naatakavu hollywood farrin press association (hfpa) vaarshikavaagi needuva golden globe prashastiyagide. ee prashastiyu nataka duradarshana saranialli atyuttama natiyannu gouravisuttade. idannu modala baarige march 5,1962 randu 19 neey golden globe prashastigalalli atyuttama duradarshana taare-mahila emba shirshikeyadiyalli haasya mattu nataka duradarshana saranigalallina pradarshanagalannu olagondante paulin frederic avarige nidalaayitu. nidalaayitu vaarshikavaagi ghooshisalaaguva ee prashastige namanirdeshitarannu ghooshisalaayitu. ghooshisalaayitu, ee prashastiyannu nataka mattu haasya vibhaagagalaagi vingadisalaayitu, idannu atyuttama duradarshana nutty-nataka emba hosa shirshikeyadiyalli mattu mattu adara prastuta shirshikeyadiyalli nidalaayitu. aarambhadindalu ee prashastiyannu 50 natiyarige nidalaagide. angela lansbury ee vibhagadalli athi hecchu prashastigalannu geddiddaare, naalku baari geddiddaare, mattu prashastigalige hattu namanirdeshanagalannu padediddaare, ee vibhagadalli athi hecchu; aakeya ellah geluvugalu "kole" saranige seriddavu, aaddarinda ee vibhagadalli athi hecchu geluvugalannu galisida saraniya daakhaleyannu hondide endu avaru barediddaare. atyanta vibhinn natiyarannu hondiruva saraniya daakhaleyu "dhii crown" annu hondide, idakkaagi moovaru nataru talaa omme prashastiyannu geddiddaareh clair phoy, olivia colman mattu emma corrin. vijetaru mattu naamanirdeshitaru. prati varshada prashasti vijetaru mattu itara naamanirdeshitaru ee kelage pattimaadalaagide.

mikacha nadikkulla golden globe award-television seerees drama hollywood forin pras association (hfpa) varsham thorum nalkunna oru golden globe awardaanu mikacha nadikkulla golden globe award-television seerees drama. oru naadaka television parambarayile mikacha nadikkulla puraskaaramaanith. 1962 march 5 nuu 19-aamath golden globe awardil mikacha television tharam-vanita enna thalakkettil, komadi, naadaka television parambarakalile prakadanangal ulkkollunna eee puraskaaram poolin fredericinu aadyamaayi labhichu. 1963 muthal ellah varshavum prakhyaapikkunna puraskaarathinulla naamanirddeshangal. 1969ll naadaka, haasya vibhagangalaayi vibhajicha eee puraskaaram mikacha television nadi-naadakam enna puthiya thalakkettilum 1980ll nilavile thalakkettilum nalki. thudakkam muthal 50 nadimaarkkaanu puraskaaram nalkiyirikkunnath. naalu thavana vijayichukondu eee vibhaagathil ettavum kooduthal avaardukal nediya anchala lansbury, eee vibhaagathil ettavum kooduthal patthu nominationukal nedukayum cheythu; avarude ellah vijayangalum "kolapathakam" enna parambaraykkaayirunnu, athinaal eee vibhaagathil ettavum kooduthal vijayangal nediya parambarayude record avar swanthamaakki. clair phoy, oliviya colman, emma corin enningane moonnu abhinethaakkal veetham oro thavana veetham puraskaaram nediya "dhii kraun" aanu ettavum vyathyasthamaaya nadimaarkku award nediya parambarayude record. vijayikalum naamanirddeshangalum. oro varshavum award jethaakkalum mattu nominikalum chuvade pattikappedutthiyirikku.

sarvotkrusht abhinetrisathicha golden globe puraskar-durdarshan malika natak sarvotkrusht abhinetrisathicha golden globe puraskar-durdarshan malika natak haah hollywood fauren press association (etch. eff. pii. aii.) dware darvarshi pradan keela jaanara golden globe puraskar aahe. haah puraskar natya durdarshan maliketil abhinetrichya sarvotkrusht kamgiricha sanman karato. 5 march 1962 roji roji golden globe puraskaranmadhye, vinodi aanee natya durchitravani malikanmadhil kamgiricha samavesh asalelya sarvotkrusht durchitravani abhinetri-mahila yaa shirshakakhali paulin fredericala haah puraskar pahilyanda denyat aala. 1963 pasoon darvarshi jaheer jaheer yaa puraskarasathi namankane. 1969 madhye, haah puraskar natak aanee vinodi shreninmadhye vibhagala gela, joou sarvotkrusht durchitravani abhinetri-natak yaa naveen shirshakakhali aanee 1980 madhye tyachya sadhyachya shirshakakhali pradan karnyat aala. tyachya sthapanepasun haah puraskar 50 abhinetrinna denyat aala aahe. angela lansburyne yaa shreneet sarvadhik puraskar jinkale aahet, chaar vela jinkale aahet aanee puraskaransathi daha namankane midali aahet, yaa shrenitil sarvat jaast; tiche serve vijay "murder" yaa malikesathi hote, asey tine lihile, jyamule yaa shreneet sarvadhik vijay vijay malikecha vikram tichya navavar aahe. sarvat bhinn abhinetrinni haah puraskar jinkalyacha malikecha vikram 'daad kraun' chya navavar aahe, jyasathi pratyeki teen abhinetyanni ekada puraskar jinklah clair phoy, olivia coleman aanee emma corrin. vijete aanee namnirdeshit. pratyek varshasathichya puraskarache vijete tasech itar namankit vyakti khalee soochibaddha aahet.

golden globe award-sarwashreshtha abhinetri-television shringkhala drama utkrishta abhinetrika lagi golden globe puraskar-television shringkhala natak holywood videshi press sangha (hfpa) dwara warshik rupma pradan garine golden globe puraskar how. yo puraskarle natak television shringkhalama abhinetriko utkrishta pradarshanlai samman gardacha. yo pahilo patak 19 aun golden globe awardma 5 march 1962 maa sarwashreshtha tivi starr-mahila shirshak antargat, kamedi rar drama television shringkhalama pradarshanlai sametne, palin fredriklai pradan garieko thiyo. sann 1963 dekhi warshik rupma ghoshana garine yass puraskarka lagi namangkanharu. sann 1969 maa, yo puraskar natak rar kamedi kotiharuma vibhajit garieko thiyo, jaslai nayan shirshak sarwashreshtha tivi abhinetri-natak rar sann 1980 maa yasako halko shirshak antargat prastut garieko thiyo. sthapanadekhi nai 50 zana abhinetrilai yo puraskar pradan garieko chha. angela lansburyle yass shrenima sabaibhanda badhi puraskar jiteki chhin, chaar patak jitin, rar puraskarka lagi das namangkanharu prapta garin, yo shrenima sabaibhanda badhi; unko sabai jitharu shringkhalaka lagi thie "hatya", unle lekhe, jasle yass shrenima sabaibhanda badhi jitka sath shringkhalako record rakhchha. sabaibhanda bhinna abhinetriharule puraskar jitne shringkhalako record "da croun"-ko chha, jaska lagi tinjana kalakarharule ek patak puraskar jiteka chhanh clair foya, olivia coleman rar emma corin. vijeta rar manonitharu. tall suchibadha pratyek warshaka lagi puraskarka vijetaharu, sathai anya manonitharu chhan.

shrestha abhinetri paain golden globe puraskara-television dharabahika drama shrestha abhinetri paain golden globe puraskara-television sirij drama heuchhi hollywood faren press association (etch. aif. pii. aii) dwara pratibarsha pradan karajauthiba eka golden globe puraskara . ehi puraskara eka nataka television dharabahikare jane abhinetreenka shrestha pradarshanaku sammanita kare . ehaa pratham thara paain 1962 masiha march 5 tarikhare 19tama golden globe puraskarare shrestha tibhi starr-mahila, kamedi ebong drama television dharabahikare abhinajaku antarbhukta curry, paulin fredariknku pradan karajaithila. 1963 masiharu pratibarsha ghoshita heuthiba ehi puraskara paain manoneet byaktimane. 1969 masihare, ehi puraskaraku nataka ebong kamedi bargare bibhakta karajaithila, jaahaa nutan shirshaka shrestha tibhi abhinetri-nataka ebong 1980 masihare ehara barttamanara shirshaka adheenare pradan karajaithila. aarambharu ehi puraskara 50 john abhinetreenku pradan karajaichi. angela lansberry ehi bargare sarbadhika puraskara jitichanti, chaari thara jitichanti, ebong puraskara paain dashati namankana paichanti, ehi bargare sarbadhika; tankara samasta bijai sirij "hatya" paain thila, shay lekhichhanti, jaahaa ehi bargare sarbadhika bijai sahita sirij paain record rakhichhi . ehi puraskara jitithiba sabutharu bhinna abhinetreenka saha sirij paain record "daa crown" nka pakhare achhi, jeunthipain tini john abhineta pratyeka thare puraskara jitichantih clair fayya, alibhia coleman ebong emma corin . bijeta ebong manoneet byakti. nimnare talikabhukta hoichhanti pratyeka barsha paain puraskarara bijeta, ebong anya manoneet byakti.

sarbottam abhinetri laee golden globe puraskar-television ladiwar drama sarbottam abhinetri laee golden globe puraskar-television seereez drama ikk golden globe puraskar haii joe hollywod videshi presses association (aich. aif. pee. aii.) duaara harr saal pesh keeta jaanda haii. ih puraskar ikk drama television ladiwar witch ikk abhinetri duaara sarbottam pardarshan noon sanmanit karda haii. ih pahili vaar 5 march, 1962 noon 19ven golden globe awardan witch paulin fredrik noon sarbottam teevi starr-mahila dey sirlekh heth ditta giaa see, jiss witch kamedi atey drama television seereez witch pardarshan shamal sunn. saal 1963 toon harr saal ailane jaanh vaale iss puraskar laee namzad viaktiaan noon 1969 witch natak atey kamedi shreniaan witch vandiaa giaa see, jiss noon sarbottam tii. vee. abhinetri-drama dey navein sirlekh heth atey 1980 witch iss dey maujuda sirlekh heth pesh keeta giaa see. aapni shuruat toon lae keey hunn takk ih puraskar 50 abhinetariaan noon ditta jaa chukka haii. angella lansbury neey iss shreni witch sabh toon vaddh puraskar jitte hunn, chaar vaar jitte hunn, atey puraskaran laee dass namzadgian prapat keetiaan hunn, joe kii shreni witch sabh toon vaddh hunn; uss deeaan saariaan jittan ladiwar "katal" laee sunn, usne likhiaa, joe iss laee shreni witch sabh toon vaddh jittan naal luddy daa ricard rakkhdi haii. sabh toon vakkhariaan abhinetariaan dey naal puraskar jittan vaali luddy daa ricard "taaj" dey cole haii, jiss laee tinn adakaran neey ikk vaar puraskar jittiaa clair foye, olivia colman atey aima corin. jetu atey namzad. hethan suchibadh keete gaye harek saal dey puraskar dey jetuaan dey naal-naal horr namzad viakati vee hunn.

golden globe puraskaarah sarvashreshta abhinetree-dooradarshan-dhaaraawaahik-naatakam sarvashreshta-abhinetree-dooradarshan-dhaaraawaahik-natakasya krute golden-globe-puraskaarah, hollywood-videsheey-patrikaa-sanghena (ech. ef. pee. e.) prativarsham pradatta golden-globe-puraskaarah asti. naatak-dooradarshan-dhaaraavaahyaam abhinetridwara sarvashreshta-abhinayasy sammanam ayam puraskaarah pradadaati. 1962 maarch 5 dinaanke 19 tame golden globe-puraskaare prathamavaaram sarvashreshta-dooradarshan-abhinetree-mahilaa iti sheershake, hasya-naatak-dooradarshan-shrunkhalaasu pradarshanm samaavishya, paulin fredrick ityasmai puraskaarah pradatta. 1963 tame varshe aarabhy prativarsham puraskaarasy krute naamaankitaah ghoshitaah aasan. 1969 tame varshe, puraskaarah naatak-hasya-vibhaageshu vibhaktah, nootanam sheershakam sarvashreshta-dooradarshan-abhinetree-naatakam iti, 1980 tame varshe vartamaan-sheershakam cha pradadat. arambhat aarabhy 50 abhinetreebhyah ayam puraskaarah pradatta asti. angela lansbury ityeshaa asmin shreneeye sarvaadhikam puraskaran praapnot, chaturvaaram jitvaa, puraskaranam krute dash namankanam cha praapnot, sarvaadhikam asmin shreneeye aasit; tasyaah sarvaani vijayah "murder" iti shrunkhalaayaah krute aasit, ataha saa likhati yat shreneeye sarvaadhikam vijayam praaptam shrunkhalaayaah abhilekham asti. puraskarapraptanam bhinna-bhinna-abhinetrinaam shrunkhalaayaah abhilekhah "da-kraun" ityanena asti, yasya krute trayah abhinetaarah pratyekam ekadaa puraskaram avaapnot-clair-foy, olivia-colman, emmaa-corin cha. vijetaah, naamanirdeshitaah cha. adhah prativarsham puraskaaravijetaarah, anye naamaankitaah cha soochitaah santi.

sirantha nadigaikkaana colton clobe viruthu-tholaikaatchi thodar naadagam sirantha nadigaikkaana colton clobe viruthu-tholaikaatchi thodar naadagam enbathu hollywood velinaattu paththirigai sangaththaal (ech. eff. pii. aee) aanduthoarum vazhangkappadum colton clobe viruthaagum. oru naadagath tholaikaatchith thodaril oru nadigaiyin sirantha nadippai kavuravikkum vagaiyil inththa viruthu vazhangkappadukirathu. maarch 5,1962 andru 19 vadhu colton clobe viruthugalil, nagaichchuvai mattrum naadagath tholaikaatchith thodarkalil nadippai ulladakkiya sirantha tholaikaatchi natchatthiram-penn endra pattaththin keezh idhu muthanmuthalil paalin frederickirku vazhangkappattathu. 1963 aam aandu thodangi aanduthoarum arivikkapatta viruthukkaana parinthuraikal. 1969 aam aandil, inththa viruthu naadagam mattrum nagaichchuvai pirivugalaagap prikkappattu, sirantha tholaikaatchi nadigai-naadagam endra puthiya thalaippin keezh vazhangkappattathu, maelum 1980 aam aandil adhan tharpoothaiya thalaippin keezh vazhangkappattathu. inththa viruthu thodangappattathilirunthu 50 nadigaigalukku vazhangkappattullathu. aenjalaa lansbury inththa pirivil adhiga virudhugalai ventrullaar, naanku murai ventrullaar, maelum viruthugalukku paththu parinthuraigalaip pettrullaar, inththa pirivil miga athigamaaga; avarathu vetrtrikal anaiththum "kolai" endra thodarukkaaga irunththana, enavae inththa pirivil adhiga vetrtrikalaip pettra thodarukkaana saathanaiyai vaiththirukkirathu. migavum viththiyasamaana nadigaigal viruthai ventra thodarukkaana saathanai "thii kiravun" enbavaraal nadaththappadukirathu, idharkaaga moontru nadigargal thalaa oru murai viruthai ventrullanar clyer foy, olivia coleman mattrum emma koorin. vetrtriyaalargal mattrum niyamanangkal. ovvoru aandum viruthu ventravargalum, mattra parinthuraikkappattavargal keezhae pattiyalidappattullanar.

uttama natigaa golden globe avaardu-television syries drama uttama natigaa golden globe avaardu-television syries drama anedi hollywood farrin press association (hcfpa) etaa andinche golden globe avaardu. eee avaardu oka naataka television dharavahikalo uttama natigaa natinchina vaarini gouravistundi. idhi mottamodata marchi 5,1962naa 19va golden globe avaardulalo uttama tv starr-fimail anae birudutho, comedy mariyu drama television siriislaloo pradarsanalanu kaligi unna paulin fredericku pradaanam cheyabadindi. 1963 nundi etaa eee avaarduku nominations prakatinchabadutunnaayi. 1969loe, eee avaardunu drama mariyu comedy vibhagaluga vibhajinchaaru, kotta sheershika uttama tv nati-drama kinda mariyu 1980loe daani prastuta sheershika kinda andinchabadindi. eee avaardu prarambham nundi 50 mandhi nateemanulaku pradaanam cheyabadindi. angela lansbury eee vibhaagamlo atyadhika avaardulanu geluchukundi, naalugu saarlu geluchukundi, mariyu avaardulaku padhi nominations andukundi, eee vibhaagamlo atyadhikam; aame vijayaalannii "hatya" syries kosam anie aame rasindi, anduvalla eee vibhaagamlo atyadhika vijayalu saadhinchina syries rikaardunu kaligi undhi. atyanta vibhina nateemanulu avaardunu geluchukunna syries rikaardu "dhi crown" chetilo undhi, dheeniki mugguru natulu okkokaru okasari avaardunu geluchukunnaruh clyer faay, olivia coleman mariyu emma carrin. vijaetalu mariyu nominations. prati samvatsaram avaardu vijaetalatoe paatu itara naamineelanu krinda jabita chesaaru.

golden globe aiward baraye behtareen adakarah-teeli vision seerez dramah golden globe aiward baraye behtareen adakarah-teeli vision seerez dramah eek golden globe aiward hay juu haali wode faarin prais aisosi aishan (aich aif pee aey) kay zariah harr saal paish kiyaa jaataa hay. yaha aiward dramah teeli vision seerez mein kasee adakarah kii behtareen karkardgi kaa aizaz deeta hay. asay pehli baar 5 maarch 1962 kuu 19 wein golden globe ewards mein behtareen tye wee staar-femal kay anwaan say jiss mein comedy aur dramah teeli vision seerez mein performans shaamil hay paleen frederk kuu diyaa gayaa thaa. 1963 mein sharoo honay waalay iss aiward kay liye namzad afraad kaa salanah aalaan kiyaa gayaa. 1969 mein iss aiward kuu dramah aur comedy kay zamron mein taqsim kiyaa gayaa juu nayey anwaan kay tahat paish kiyaa gayaa thaa-behtareen tye wee adakarah-dramah aur 1980 mein iss kay maujudah anwaan kay tahat. apnay aaghaz say lay kirr abb takk yaha aiward 50 adakaraon kuu diyaa jaa chakaa hay. anjala lansbury nay iss zamray mein sabb say ziyadah ewards jeetay haine chaar baar jeetay haine aur ewards kay liye duss namzadgiyan haasil kii haine juu iss zamray mein sabb say ziyadah haine. iss kii tamaam jeeth seerez "qatal" kay liye thee iss liye iss zamray mein sabb say ziyadah jeeth kay saath seerez kaa record rakhti hay. seerez kaa record jiss mein sabb say ziyadah mukhtalif adakaraon nay aiward jeeta hay "dee karaon" kay paas hay jiss kay liye teen adakaron nay eek baar aiward jeeta: clair foye aulioya colmin aur aima corin. fateheen aur namzad afraad. zeel mein harr saal kay aiward kay fateheen kay saath saath deegar namzad afraad bhee darj haine.

fffc4802662a8e1bf7773bc24588bcd212377cac57f7419535a1d997c5e0c6c9

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34943793

Chao Phraya Dam

Chao Phraya Dam The Chao Phraya Dam (, , ) is a barrage dam in Sapphaya district, Chai Nat province, Thailand. It regulates the flow of the Chao Phraya River as it passes into lower central Thailand, distributing water to an area of in seventeen provinces as part of the Greater Chao Phraya Irrigation Project. The dam has sixteen 12.5-metre gates. It was built between 1952 and 1957. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

sau fraya bandho sau fraya bandho (,,) hoise thailandor saai naat prodexor sofaya jilaar etaa berez bandho. ee sau fraya nodir prowah niyontron kore jetiya ee nimno modhyo thailandoloi yaay, brihot sau fraya joloxinchon prokolpor ongxo hisape xotorkhon prodexor ek onsololoi paanee bitoron kore. bandhotut xullota 12.5-metre get aase. iyak 1952 sonor poraa 1957 sonor bhitorot nirman koraa hoisil.

chao fraya baandh chao fraya baandh (,,) thailyander chaai nutt prodesher safaya jelaay abosthito ekti baandh. brihottor chao fraya secha prokolper ongsho hisabe soteroti prodesher ekti anchale joll bitoron korey etty chao fraya nadeer probaho niyantran korey jokhon etty nimno modhyo thylande probahito hoy. bandhtite sholti 12.5-metre geeta royeche. etty 1952 theke 1957 saaler modhye nirmito hoyechilo.

chaao fraya dame chaao fraya dame (,,) aee thailendnaa chaai nutt praantnaa safaya jeellama aavelo aek bundh chhe. teey chaao fraya nadeena pravaahne niyantrit karey chhe kaaran keey teey neechala madhya thailendamaa pasaar thaay chhe, grater chaao fraya sinchai projectnaa bhaag rupe sattar praantona vistaarmaa paaninu vitaran karey chhe. aaa demamaa sola 12.5-metre darvaja chhe. tenu nirmaan 1952 aneey aneey vachche karvaamaa aavyu hatoo.

chaao fraya baandh chaao fraya baandh (,,) thyland key chaay nutt praant key safaya jile mein ack baandh haye. yeh chaao fraya nadee key pravaah koo niyantrit kartaa haye kyonki yeh nichale madhya thyland mein gujarati haye, aur grater chaao fraya sinchai pariyojana key hisse key roop mein satrah praanton key ack kshetra mein paani vitarit karati haye. baandh mein solah 12.5-metre dwaar hain. iska nirmaan 1952 aur 1957 key beach kiya gayaa thaa.

chavo fraya anekattu chavo fraya anekattu (,,) thylandna chaay nott praantyada safaya jilleyalliruva ondu anekattu. idu kela madhya thylandge haaduhoguvaaga chavo fraya nadiya harivannu niyantrisuttade, grater chavo fraya neeravari yojaneya bhagavagi hadinelu praantyagala pradeshagalige neerannu vitarisuttade. ee anekattu hadinaaru <aii. dii. 1> dwaaragalannu hondide. idannu 1952 mattu 1957rahra naduve nirmisalaayitu.

chaavo fraya daam thaaylandile chaay naatt pravishyayile safaaya jillayil sthithicheyyunna oru anakkettaan chaavo fraya anakkett (,,). grettar chaavo fraya jalasechana padhathiyude bhaagamaayi pathinezh pravishyakalile pradeshangalilekku vellam vitharanam cheiyunna ithu maddhya thaaylandile thaazhnna pradeshathekku kadannupokumbol chaavo fraya nadiyude ozhukk niyanthrikkunnu. anakkettin pathinaar <aii. dii. 1> kavaadangalundu. 1952num 1957num idayilaanu ithu nirmmichathu.

chao fraya dharan chao frya dharan (,,) heey thayalandachya chay nutt prantatil safaya jilhyatil eka dharan aahe. chao frya nadichya pravahala niyantrit karate, kaaran tee madhya thayalandachya khalchya bhagat jaate aanee grater chao frya sinchan prakalpacha bhag mhanoon satra prantanchya bhagat paanee vitareet karate. dharanala sola 12.5-metre darvaje aahet. 1952 teey 1957 yaa kalat teey bandhanyat aale hote.

chao fraya bandha chao fraya bandha (,,) thylandko chaya nutt prantako safaya jillama raheko euta bandha how. yasale chao frya nadiko prawahalai niyantran gardacha kinki yo tallo madhya thylandma bagchha, brihattar chao frya sinchai pariyojanako bhagko rupma satraun prantaharuko kshetrama pani witaran gardacha. bandhama sohrawata 12.5-metre getharu chhan. yo sann 1952 dekhi 1957 ko bichma nirman garieko thiyo.

chao fraya dyam chao frya dyam (,,) heuchhi thylander chaai naat pradeshar safaiah jillare abasthita eka barrage dyam. ehaa chao frye nadira prabahaku nijantrana kare kaaran ehaa nimna kendriah thailandaku prabahita hue, bruhattara chao frye jalasechan prakalpara ansha bhabare sateroti pradeshar eka anchalaku jala bunton kare . ehi dyamre sohalati 12.5-metre fataka rahichhi. ehaa 1952ru 1957 madhyare nirmita hoithila.

chaao farya daim chaao faraiaa daim (,,) thyland dey chaai naat soobe dey sapaiaa zilhe witch ikk bairaj daim haii. ih chaao faraiaa nadee dey pravaah noon niyantrit karda haii kiunki ih hethle maddh thyland witch langhda haii, greater chaao faraiaa sinchai project dey hisse vajon sataran subiaan dey ikk khetar witch paanee vandada haii. iss daim dey solan 12.5-metre darwaze hunn. ih 1952 atey 1957 dey vichkaar banaiaa giaa see.

chaao frayaa-daam chaao-frayaa-jalabandha (,,) thaylyand-deshasya chaya-naat-prantasya safayaa-mandale sthitah ekaha barrage-jalabandha asti. bruhattar-chaao-fraya-sechan-pariyojanaayaah bhagarupena saptadasha-praanteshu kshetre jalam vitaranam krutvaa, nimna-madhya-thaylyand-deshe pravishataam chaavo-fraya-nadyaah pravaaham niyanturayati. jalabandhasy shohrah 12.5-metre dwaaraani santi. asya nirmanam 1952 taha 1957 paryantam krutam.

saavo frya anai saavo fraya anai (,,) enbathu thaailaanthin saai naat maagaanaththin sabaiah maavattaththil ulla oru anai aagum. idhu keezh matthiya thaailaanthirkul sellumpoathu saavo fraya aattrin oottaththai ozhungkupaduththukirathu, periya saavo fraya neerppaasana thittaththin oru paguthiyaaga pathinaezhu maakaanangkalil ulla pakuthikku thanneerai viniyoagikkirathu. inththa anaiyil pathinaaru 12.5-metre vaayilgal ullana. idhu 1952 muthal 1957 varai kattappattathu.

chavo fraya anakatta chavo fraya anakatta (,,) anedi thaayilaandloni chaay nott provinceloni safaya jillaalo unna oka barragy anakatta. idhi diguva madhya thaayilaandloki pravahinche chavo fraya nadhi pravahanni niyantristundi, grater chavo fraya neetipaarudala prajectulo bhaagamgaa padihedu praavinsula praantaaniki neetini pampinhee chestundi. eee aanakattaku padahaaru 12.5-metre dwaaraalu unnaayi. dheenini 1952 mariyu 1957 madhya nirminchaaru.

chaaw faraya ddaim chao faraya ddaim (yee) thayee lend kay subah chayee naat kay zalaa spaya mein eek beraj ddaim hay. yaha daryaae chao faraya kay bahao kuu manzam kartaa hay keunkah yaha nichley wastee thayee lend mein guzarta hay aur baday chao faraya aabpashi mansubay kay hasay kay toor parr satrah soobon kay eek elaqay mein paani taqsim kartaa hay. ddaim kay solah 12.5-metre darwazay haine. yaha 1952 aur 1957 kay darmiyan tameer kiyaa gayaa thaa.

fffc4a70809933f9d8feb066c9b95e06a5fd51bdea03a12dcb29d7922fa1a9e6

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16028708

Teen Hatti Bridge

Teen Hatti Bridge Bridge in Karachi, Pakistan Teen Hatti is a bridge over the Lyari River in Karachi, Pakistan. The origin of its name is uncertain, but the prevalent opinion is that long ago there were three roadside houses (in Goan "Hatti" means house) at or near the current bridge, hence the name "teen" (meaning "three" in Urdu) and "hatti" (meaning roadside houses in Urdu). According to another version, "Hatti" is a Punjabi word meaning "shop", not "house". Long ago old people said there were three shops. So this stop was named "teen hatti" References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

kixur hatti xetu tinn hatti hoise pakistanor karasir liyari nodir uporot etaa dolong. iyar naamor utpotti onischito, kintu prosolito motamotu hoh 'lo je bohu aagote bortomanor dolongtut baa iyar usorot tinita pothor kaxot thoka ghor (guwat "hatti" maane ghor) aasil, xeyehe naamtu "tinn" (urdu bhaxat "tinita" orthat) aaru "hatti" (urdu bhaxat "hatti" orthat pothor kaxot thoka ghor). aan etaa xongskoron onuxori, "hatti" hoise etaa ponjabi xobdo jaar ortho hoise "dukan", "ghor" nohoy. bohu aagote bridhoxokole koichil je iyat tinita dukan aase. gotike ei stoptur naam diya hoisil "tinn hatti"."

tinn hutty brij tinn hutty pakistaner korachite liari nadeer upor ekti setu. err naamer utpotti anishchito, tobey procholito motamot holl jey onek agey bortoman setute baa taar kachakachi rastar paashe tinti baadi (goane "hutty" maane baadi) chhilo, taai namti "tinn" (urdute "tinti") ebong "hutty" (urdute rastar pasher baadi). onno ekti sanskaran onusare, "hutty" ekti panjabi shobdo jaar ortho "dokan", "baadi" noy. onek agey briddhora bolechilo jey tinti dokan royeche. taai eyi stoper naam deoa hoyechilo "tinn hutty"."

tean hatti brij tean hatti aee pakistanna karaachimaa liari nadee parno pull chhe. tenaa naamnee utpatti aneeshchit chhe, parantu prachaleet abhipray aee chhe keey laambaa samay pahelaa vartmaan pull parr athavaa tenee najik rastaani bajunaa trana makaano (govama "hutty" etale ghar) hataa, tethee tenu naam "tean" (urdumaa "trana") aneey "hutty" (urdumaa rastaani bajunaa makaano) hatoo. anya aek sanskaran anusaar, "hutty" aee punjabi shabd chhe jeno arth "dukan" thaay chhe, "ghar" nahee. ghanaa samay pahelaa vruddh lokoae kahyoo hatoo keey tyaan trana dukaano hatee. tethee aaa stopne "tean hutty" naam aapvama aavyu hatoo."

kishore haathi pull tean hutty karachi, pakistan mein liari nadee parr ack pull haye. isake naam kii utpatti anishchit haye, lekin prachalit raay yeh haye kii bahut pahale vartamaan pull parr yaa usake paas sadak kinare teen ghar (gova mein "hutty" kaa arth haye ghar) they, isaliye naam "tean" (urdu mein "teen" kaa arth haye) aur "hutty" (urdu mein sadak kinare key ghar) thaa. ack anya sanskaran key anusaar, "hutty" ack panjabi shabd haye jiska arth haye "dukaan", naa kii "ghar". bahut pahale bujurgon ney kahaa thaa kii teen dukaanen theen. isaliye iss padaav kaa naam "tean hutty" rakhaa gayaa thaa."

tean hotty setuve tean hotty pakistanada karaachiyalliruva liari nadiya mele nirmisalaada setuveyagide. adara hesarina moolavu anishchitavaagide, aadare prachalita abhiprayavendare bahala hindeye prastuta setuveya bully athawa adara bully mooru rastebadiya manegalu (govaadalli "hutty" endare maney) iddavu, aaddarinda "tean" (urduvinalli "mooru" endartha) mattu "hutty" (urduvinalli rastebadiya manegalu endartha) emba hesaru bandide. mattondu aavruttiya prakara, "hutty" embudu panjabi padavagiddu, idarartha "angadi", "maney" endalla. bahala hindeye haleya janaru mooru angadigalive endu heliddaru. aaddarinda ee nildaanakke "tean hutty" endu hesarisalaayitu."

teane hatty paalam paakkisthaanile karaachiyile liari nadikku mukalilulla oru paalamaan teane hatty. athinte perinte uthbhavam anishchithathvathilaanu, ennaal valarekkalam munbu nilavile paalatthilo athinadutho moonnu rodarikile veedukal (govayil "hatty" ennaal veedu) undayirunnathinaal "teane" (urduvil "moonnu" ennartham), "hatty" (urduvil "roadside houseukal" ennartham) ennee perukal undaayirunnu ennathaanu pracharikkunna abhiprayam. mattoru pathipp anusarichu, "veedu" ennalla, "kada" ennartham varunna oru panchabi padamaanu "hutty". moonnu kadakalundennu valarekkalam munbu vridhar paranjirunnu. athinaal eee stoppinu "teane hatty" ennu perittu."

kishore hatti pool tean hutty haah pakistanatil karachi yetheel liari nadivaril pool aahe. tyachya navacha ugam anishchit aahe, parantu prachalit mutt asey aahe qee qee kalapurvi sadhyachya pulavar kinwa tyachya jawal rastyachya kadela teen ghare (govyat 'hutty' mhanje ghar) hotee, mhanoon 'tean' (urdumadhye 'teen') aanee 'hutty' (urdumadhye 'sadakvaril ghare') heey naav padale. padale aavruttinusar, 'hutty' haah eka panjabi shabd aahe jyacha arth 'dukan' assa aahe, 'ghar' assa nahee. khoop purvi vruddha lokanni sangitale hote qee teen dukane aahet. tyamule yaa thambyala 'tean hutty' asey naav denyat aale"

kishore hatty pull tinn hatty pakistanko karachima raheko liari nadima baneko pull how. yasako namko utpatti anishchit chha, tara prachalit raaya yo how kii dherai pahile halko pulma wa najikai sadak kinarka tean gharharu (gowama "hatty" ko artha ghar how) thie, tyasaile naam "kishore" (urduma "tean" ko artha) rar "hatty" (urduma sadak kinarka gharharu) how. arko sanskarananusar, "hutty" euta panjabi shabda how jasko artha "pasal" how, "ghar" hoina. dherai pahile wridhaharule tyahan tinawata pasalharu thie bhane. tyasaile yass staplai "tean hutty" naam diieko thiyo."

kishore hotty setu teen hatty heuchhi pakistanara karachire liari nadee upare eka setu . ehara namara utpatti anischita, kintu prachlita mott heuchhi je bahu purbaru barttamanara setu nikatare kimba nikatare tinoti rasta parswa ghara (goan "hatty" rahr artha ghara) thila, tenu naama "kishore" (urdure "tini" artha) ebong "hatty" (urdure rasta parsware ghara) . anya eka sanskarana anujai, "hotty" heuchhi eka panjabi sabda jahara artha "dokan", "ghara" nuhen. bahu purbaru brudhamane kahuthile je tinoti dokan achhi. tenu ehi stop rahr naama "tinn hatty" rakhajaithila."

tean hutty brij tean hutty karachi, pakistan witch lyrie nadee utte ikk pull haii. iss dey naam dee utpati anishchit haii, parr prachlit raae ih haii kii bahut pahilan maujuda pull dey nede jaan nede sadak kinare tinn gharr (goa witch "hutty" daa arth haii gharr) sunn, iss laee naam "tean" (urdu witch "tinn" daa arth haii) atey "hutty" (urdu witch sadak kinare dey gharr) see. ikk horr sanskaran dey anusar, "hutty" ikk punjabi shabad haii jisda arth haii "dukan", naa kii "gharr". bahut samaan pahilan bazurgan neey kiha see kii itthe tinn dukanan sunn. iss laee iss stop daa naam "tean hutty" rakkhiaa giaa see."

kishor-hutty-setuhu tean-hatty iti pakistanasya karachi-nagare liari-nadyaah upari sthitah ekaha setuhu asti. asya namasya utpattih anishchitah asti, parantu prachalitah matah asti yat bahubhyah poorvam vartamaanasete vaa sameepe vaa margamadhyastham treeni gruhaani (govaa-deshe "hatty" arthaat gruham) aasan, ataha "tean" (urdoo-bhashayam "tree" iti arthah) "hatty" (urdoo-bhashayam margamadhyastham gruham) iti naam cha aasit. anyasya samskaranasya anusaaram, "hutty" iti panjabi-shabdah asti yasya arthah "shaap" iti, naa tu "house" iti. bahubhyah poorvam vruddhaha avadat yat atra treeni bhandaarah aasan iti. ataha asya viraamasya naam "tean-hatty" iti aasit."

deane haatti paalam deane hutty enbathu bagistan karaachiyil ulla liari aattrin meethu ulla oru paalamaagum. adhan peyarin thoattram nichchayamatrathu, aanaal neenda kaalaththirku munbu tharpoothaiya baalaththil allathu adharku arugil moontru saalaiyoara veedugal (koavanil "hutty" endraal veedu) irunththana, enavae "deane" (uruthu mozhiyil "moontru" endru porul) mattrum "hutty" (uruthu mozhiyil saalaiyoara veedugal endru porul) endra peyar irunththathu. mattroru pathippin puddy, "hutty" enbathu "kadai" endru porulpadum oru panjaabi soll, "veedu" alla. neenda kaalaththirku munbu moontru kadaigal iruppathaaka muthiyavarkal koorinar. enavae inththa niruththaththirku "deane hutty" endru peyaridappattathu."

tean haatti vantena tean hatti anedi paakistaanlooni karaachilo liari nadipai vantena. daani paeru yokka muulam anischitamgaa undhi, conny prabalamaina abhiprayam emitante chaalaa kaalam kritam prastuta vantena vadda ledhaa sameepamlo moodu roddu pakkana illu (govanlo "hatti" antey illu) undevi, anduvalla dheeniki "tean" (urduuloo "moodu" anie ardham) mariyu "hatti" (urduuloo roddu pakkana unna illu anie ardham) anae paeru vachindi. maroka samskarana prakaram, "hatti" anedi punjabi padam, dheeni ardham "dukaanam", "illu" kaadu. chaalaa kaalam kritam vruddhulu moodu dukaanaalu unnayani chepparu. kabatti eee stop kuu "tean hatti" anie paeru pettaru"

teen hutty pull teen hutty karaachi pakistan mein daryaae liyaari parr eek pull hay. iss kay naam kii ibtada ghair yaqeeni hay leakin aam raaye yaha hay kahh behat pehley maujudah pull parr yaa iss kay qareeb sadak kay kinaray teen makanaat (gawaa mein "hutty" kaa matlab hay gahar) thay iss liye naam "teen" (ardo mein "teen" kaa matlab hay) aur "hutty" (ardo mein sadak kay kinaray kay makanaat) thaa. eek aur warzan kay mutabiq "hutty" eek panjabi lafz hay jiss kaa matlab hay "dakaan"yee "gahar" nahein. behat pehley boodhon nay kahaa thaa kahh wahaan teen dukanein haine. iss liye iss stop kaa naam "teen hutty" rakhaa gayaa."

fffc4bab33d68c1690a6d433c5e518813f32627ce7d6a292e0907cf2d0e814d6

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki?curid=7849725

NDMA

NDMA

eno. di. em. e.

enn. dii. emm. ayee

aena. dii. aema. aee.

aine. dee. aim. aeye.

enn. dii. emm. aa.

enn. dii. emm. eiii.

aine. dii. emm. aii.

enn. dii. emm. ae

enn. dii. emm. aii.

ainn. dee. aimm. aii.

enn. dii. emm. e.

enn. dii. emm. aee

enn. dii. emm. yea.

fffc4baf3c1265d7c5f59fab3b711ce6cfc68443d945496832a34dc843404df8

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14825616

John T. Rogers (coach)

John T. Rogers (coach) American football and basketball coach John T. Rogers was an American football and basketball coach. He was the second head football coach at Temple University in Philadelphia, serving for two seasons, from 1899 to 1900, and compiling a record of 4–8–2. Rogers was also the second head basketball coach at Temple, posting a 14–8 record in one season, 1899–1900. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

john ti. rogars (proxikhyok) john ti. rogars egoraki aamerikan football aaru busketball proxikhyok aasil. teu philadelphier temple universityr dwitiyo mukhyo football proxikhyok aasil, 1899 sonor poraa 1900 sonoloike dutaa sijonor baabe xewa aagborhaisil, aaru 4-8-2 ror obhilekh xongkolon korisil. rogars mondiror dwitiyo mukhyo busketball proxikhyokou aasil, ji etaa sijonot 14-8 record post korisil, 1899-1900.

john tii. rosers (coach) john tii. rosers chhilen ekjon markin football oo basketball coach. tini philadelphier temple bishwobidyaloyer dwitiya prodhan football coach chhilen, 1899 theke 1900 saal porjonto duti morshumer jonno dayitto palon korechilen ebong 4-8-2 record sangkalan korechilen. rosers templay dwitiya prodhan basketball kocho chhilen, eka morshume 14-8 record poosta korechilen, 1899-1900.

john tii. rosers (coach) john tii. rosers american football aneey basketbollna coach hataa. teo filadelfiyama temple universityma beeja mukhya football coach hataa, jemane 1899 thee 1900 sudhee beey season maate sevaa aapee hatee aneey 4-8-2 noow reqorda banaavyo hato. rosers templemaa beeja mukhya basketball coach pann hataa, jemane aek seasonma 14-8 reqorda banaavyo hato, 1899-1900.

johnn tii. rosers (coach) johnn tii. rosers ack americi football aur basketball coach they. vaha philadelphia mein mandir vishvavidyalaya mein dusare mukhya football coach they, jinhone 1899 seey 1900 taka dou satron key liye seva kii, aur 4-8-2 kaa record sankalit kiya. rosers mandir mein dusare mukhya basketball coach bhee they, jinhone ack satra mein 14-8 record post kiya, 1899-1900.

zaan tii. rosers (coach) zaan tii. rosers americada football mattu basketball tarabetudaararaagiddaru. avaru philadelphiyaada tempel vishvavidyaalayadalli eradane mukhya football tarabetudaararaagiddaru, 1899 rinda 1900 ravarege eradu rtugalalli seve sallisidaru mattu 4-8-2 daakhaleyannu sangrahisidaru. roggers avaru tempalnalli eradane mukhya basketball tarabetudaararaagiddaru, ondu rtuvinalli 14-8 daakhaleyannu post maadidaru, 1899-1900.

joonn tii. rogezhs (coach) joonn tii. oru american football, basketball parisheelakanaayirunnu rogezhs. 1899 muthal 1900 vare rund seasonukalil sevanamanushticha philadelphiyayile temple yooniversittiyile randaamathe head football parisheelakanaayirunnu addeham.

johnn tii. rosers (prashikshak) johnn tii. roggers heey american football aanee basketball prashikshak hote. 1899 teey 1900 yaa done hangamanmadhye seva denare aanee aanee chaa vikram tayar karnare, philadelphiyatil temple universityche teey dusare mukhya football prashikshak hote. roggers heey templeche dusare mukhya basketball prashikshak dekhil hote, jyanni eka hangamat hangamat chaa vikram nondavala.

john tea. rosers (prashikshak) john tea. rosers ek americi football rar basketball prashikshak thie. uni filadelfiako temple universityma dosro mukhya football prashikshak thie, sann 1899 dekhi 1900 samma dui sijanka lagi sewa gare, rar 4-8-2 ko record sankalan gare. rosers templema dosro mukhya basketball prashikshak pani thie, jasle ek sijanma 14-8 record post gare, 1899-1900.

zohn tii. rosers (prashikhyaka) zohn tii. rosers jane americae football ebong basketball prashikhyaka thile. shay philadelphiar temple biswabidyalajare dwiteeja mukhya football prashikhyaka thile, 1899 ru 1900 parjyanta duiti rutu paain karjya karithile, ebong 4-8-2 rahr record sankalana karithile. rosers madhya mandirare dwiteeja mukhya basketball coach thile, gotie ruture 14-8 record post karithile, 1899-1900.

jauhan tii. rosers (coach) jauhan tii. rosers ikk amriki football atey basketball coach see. uh fildelfia witch temple university witch dooja mukkh football coach see, 1899 toon 1900 takk doou seezanan laee seva nibhaunda riha atey 4-8-2 daa ricard tiaar karda riha. rosers temple witch dooja mukkh basketball coach vee see, jiss neey ikk season witch 14-8 ricard, 1899-1900 post keeta.

jaan tea. rosers (prashikshakah) jaan tea. rosers ityayam amerikaadeshasy football-basketball-kreedaayaah prashikshakah aasit. saha philadelphia-nagarasya temple-vishvavidyaalaye dwiteeyah mukhya-football-prashikshakah aasit, 1899 taha 1900 paryantam dwayoh rutuyoho sewaarat, tathaa cha 4-8-2 ityasya abhilekhasya sankalanam akarot. rosers api devaalaye dwiteeyah mukhya-basketball-prashikshakah aasit, ekasmin rutau 14-8 abhilekham, 1899-1900 iti sthapitavan.

john dii. rojars (payirchiyaalar) john dii. rojars oru america kaalpandhu mattrum koodaippandhu payirchiyaalar aavaar. piladelpiyaavil ulla koayil palkalaikkazhagaththil irandaavathu thalaimai kaalpandhu payirchiyaalaraaka irunthaar, 1899 muthal 1900 varai irandu paruvangkalukku paniyaattrinaar, maelum 4-8-2 endra saathanaiyai thoguththaar. rojars koavilil irandaavathu thalaimai koodaippandhu payirchiyaalaraakavum irunthaar, oru paruvaththil 14-8 saathanaiyai veliyittaar, 1899-1900.

zaan tii. rosers (coach) zaan tii. rosers oka american football mariyu basketball coach. athanu philadelphialoni temple vishwavidhyaalayamlo rendava pradhana football kochga 1899 nundi 1900 varaku rendu seasonlalo panicheesaadu mariyu 4-8-2 rikaardunu sankalanam chesaadu. rosers temple vadda rendava pradhana basketball coach kooda, oka seasonlo 14-8 rikaardunu post chesaadu, 1899-1900.

jaan tye. rogarz (coach) jaan tye. rogarz eek americi fitt baal aur basket baal coach thay. wah fladelfia kii tempel university mein dosray head fitt baal coach thay jinhon nay 1899 say 1900 takk duu seezan kay liye khidmaat anjaam dain aur 4-8-2 kaa record martab kiyaa. rogarz tempel mein dosray head basket baal coach bhee thay jinhon nay eek seezan mein 14-8 record darj kiyaa 1899-1900.

fffc4ed6c2f8c17c4997627da6907d92cefb94c6881fdcde67c3cc00062a2eed

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3669097

Santa Maria Valley Railroad

Santa Maria Valley Railroad The Santa Maria Valley Railroad (reporting mark SMV) is a shortline railroad that interchanges with the Union Pacific Railroad's (former Southern Pacific) Coast Line at Guadalupe, California. As of 2006, the Railroad is owned by the Coast Belle Rail Corporation. Traffic. The TRC handles 2,000 cars annually (1996 estimate). Commodities hauled include: Prior traffic included: Passenger Service. Special passenger service was only offered during World War II on the Air Base branch to transport military personnel to the Santa Maria Army Air Base for training. The Air Base branch was constructed in 1943. Excursions were offered for the first time on the SMVRR in November 2006, continuing into 2007. History. The SMV was incorporated on July 14, 1911 as the Santa Maria Valley Railway at Los Angeles, California with A. A. Dougherty listed as President. The first of track, from the Southern Pacific connection at Guadalupe to Betteravia Junction, was actually built by the SP in August 1899 to get to a sugar mill. The SP leased the track to the SMV years later. From Betteravia the SMV built to Santa Maria and on to Roadamite. The SMV also had branches running from Stowell to Air Base, Suey to Rosemary Farms and Rex to Gates. By 1925 the railway traffic had steeply declined and the railway went bankrupt. Captain George Allan Hancock , a principal of the Dominion Oil Company, purchased the railroad for $75,000 at a Sheriff's auction. The railroad was then reorganized as the Santa Maria Valley Railroad in 1926. Until 2006, the railroad was owned by Captain G. Allan Hancock's estate. The original line ran for , from Guadalupe to Roadamite. The track from Gates to Roadamite was abandoned in 1950. The last run of No. 21, Captain Hancock's favorite steam locomotive, was in February 1962. Captain Hancock took the throttle one last time. Walt Disney was in the cab with Captain Hancock. Baldwin 21 currently is undergoing restoration in Astoria, Oregon to be returned to excursion service. The Union Sugar Beet plant closed in 1993, ending the beet train era. In 1999 the G. Allan Hancock Estate gained full control of the SMV. The assets of the railroad were sold to Coast Belle Rail Corporation in 2006, ending an 81-year ownership by the Hancock family. Other than 21, three other steam locomotives are in existence. Following a successful restoration, 205 was sold the engine to the Albany and Eastern Railroad in Oregon and is used on the Santiam Excursion Trains. 100 is also in Oregon, but has not yet entered restoration. 1000 resides on Static Display in Griffith Park at Travel Town. Motive Power. The SMV has 5 locomotives: The SMV operated five 70 ton switchers and one U6B that were acquired between 1948-1959. Roster from the Friends of the SMV: https://friends-smvrr.org/images/history/SMVRR-roster.pdf Also see The Diesel Shop Roster: https://www.thedieselshop.us/SMVR.HTML References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

xanta maria upotyoka railpoth xanta maria upotyoka railpoth hoise ek suti railpoth ji californier guwadalupet union pesiphik railpothor (purbor dokhyin proxanto mohaxagoriyo) upokul rekhar xoite antoxongzug kore. 2006 sonoloike, railpothtu upokul bele rail nigomor malikanadhin. zaan-jott. ti. aar. chi.-ye bosori 2,000 khon gaari porisalona kore (1996 sonor onuman). tunny onaa xamogrixomuhor bhitorot aaseh purbor zaan-jotor bhitorot aasiloh jatri xewa. dwitiyo biswojudhor xomoyot kewol proxikhyonor baabe xamorik juwanxokolok xanta maria xena biman ghaatir poribohonor baabe biman ghaati xakhat bixex jatri xewa aagborhuwa hoisil. 1943 sonot biman ghaati xakha nirman koraa hoisil. 2006 sonor novembor maahot prothombaror baabe ess. em. bhi. aar. aar.-too bhromonor prostab diya hoisil, jitu 2007 sonoloike obyahot aasil. itihax. 1911 sonor 14 julyte californier los angelsot xanta maria upotyoka rey 'lowe' hisape ess. em. bhi.-koo ontorbhukto koraa hoisil. e. dogartik rastropoti hisape talikabhukto koraa hoisil. guwadaluper dokhyin proxanto mohaxagoriyo xongzugor poraa betarevia jongsonoloi prothom trektu prokritote 1899 sonor aagosto maahot ess. pi.-ye etaa cheni kololoi jaboloi nirman korisil. ess. pi.-ye bohu bosoror pisot trektu ess. em. bhi-koo liz disil. beterevier poraa xanta maria aaru rudamaitoloi ess. em. bhi. nirman koraa hoisil. ess. em. bhi.-ror xakhau aasil sto 'welor poraa eyar besoloi, suir poraa ror' jomeri firm aaru rexor poraa gateloike. 1925 sonor bhitorot rey "lopothor zaan-baahonor poriman tibrovabe hraax paisil aaru rey" lopoth deulia hoi porisil. dominion oil companyr odhyokhyo captain jorjo elen henkuke etaa swerifor nilamot railpothtu 75,000 dolarot kroy korisil. 1926 sonot rey "lopothtuk xanta maria upotyoka rey" lopoth hisape punor gothon koraa hoisil. 2006 sonoloike rey "lopothtu captain ji-ror malikanadhin aasil. elaan henkokor xompoti. mool rey "lotu guwadaluper poraa rudamaitoloi goisil. gator poraa rudamaitoloi juwa pothtu 1950 sonot porityag koraa hoisil. noo "ror xex dour. 21, captain henkokor priyo baspiyo injin, 1962 sonor februaryt aasil. captain henkokoi xexbaror baabe throtoltu loisil. walt disony captain henkokor xoite texikhonot aasil. baldwin 21 bortoman oregonor esturiyat punoruddharor kaam soli aase jaak bhromon xewaloi ghurai onaa hoh 'bob. 1993 sonot union sugar bitt prokolpotu bondho hoi yaay, jaar folot bitt rey 'lo jugor onto pore. 1999 sonot ji. elaan henkok estete ess. em. bhi.-ror xompurno niyontron laabh korisil. 2006 sonot rey "lopothor xompoti upokul bele rey" lo nigomoloi bikri koraa hoisil, jaar folot henkok poriyalor 81 bosoriya malikanar onto porisil. 21taar baahire aan tinita baspiyo injin aase. ek xofol punoruddharor pisot, 205 engintu oregonot thoka elbani aaru eastern railpotholoi bikri koraa hoisil aaru iyak centium bhromon railot byobohar koraa hoy. 100 oregonot aase, kintu etiyau punoruddharot prowex koraa naai. 1000 travel townor griffith parkot sthir prodorxonit thaake. uddesyo xokti. ess. em. bhi.-too 5taa injin aaseh ess. em. bhi.-ye pasta 70 tonor suisar aaru etaa eu6bi porisalona korisil jibur 1948-1959-ror maajot aahoron koraa hoisil. ess. em. bhi.-ror bondhuxokolor poraa rostarh HTTTPS:// Friends-smvrr.org/image/histri/smvrr-rostar.pdf digel dukanor rostertu saukoh HTTPS:// Www.digelor dukan.eu. ess./ess. em. bhi. aar.eis. ti. em. el.

santa maria valley railpoth santa maria valley railpoth holl ekti sangkhipto railpoth jaa californier guadalupe union pacific railpother (praktan dakkhin pacific) upokul rekhar saathe binimoy korey. 2006 saaler hisabe, railpothti coast beley rail corporationer malikanadhin. traphika. trc barshik 2,000 gaadi porichalona korey (1996 saaler anuman). taanaa ponner modhye royeche purboborti traphika antarbhuktah jatri porisheba. dwitiya bishwojuddher somoy samrik karmider proshikkhoner jonno santa maria senabahinir biman ghantite poribohoner jonno biman ghanti shakha bishesh jatri porisheba deoa hoto. biman ghanti shakhati 1943 saale nirmito hoyechilo. 2006 saaler novembore esha. emm. vee. arr. arr-ayee prothombarer moto bhromoner prostab deoa hoyechilo, jaa 2007 saal porjonto abyahoto chhilo. itihas. 1911 saaler 14ee julai californier loss angelese santa maria valley railpoth hisabe esha. emm. vee-keey antarbhukta koraa hoy. ayee. doggerty rashtrapati hisabe talikabhukto. guadalupe dakkhin proshanto mahasagariya sangjog theke bettervia jongshon porjonto prothom tracti asle 1899 saaler auguste ekti chinny koler jonno esha. pii dwara nirmito hoyechilo. esha. pii. bohu bochor porr esha. emm. vee-keey tracti izara deyo. bettervia theke santa maria ebong rhodamite porjonto esha. emm. vee nirmito hoyechilo. esha. emm. vee-rawr shakhao chhilo stoel theke biman ghanti porjonto, sui theke rosemary khamar ebong rakes theke geeta porjonto. 1925 saaler modhye railpother gotipoth druto hrass peyechilo ebong railpoth deulia hoye giechilo. dominion teela companyr adhyakkha captain george allan hancock ekti sherifer nilame 75,000 markin dollare railpothti kinechilen. 1926 saale railpothti santa maria valley railpoth hisabe punargathan koraa hoy. 2006 saal porjonto railpothti captain zii-err malikanadhin chhilo. allan hancocker esteta. mool linety guadalupe theke rhodamite porjonto cholechilo. geeta theke rhodamite porjonto pothti 1950 saale porityokto hoy. naa-rawr shesh raan. 21, captain hancocker priya bashpiya locomotive, 1962 saaler februaryte chhilo. captain hancock sheshbar throttlety niyechilen. captain hancocker sange cabey chhilen walt disney. baldowin 21 bortomane oregoner astoria punoruddhar cholche jaa bhromon porishebate firey asbe. union sugar bitt karkhanati 1993 saale bondho hoye yaay, jaa bitt trainer juger abosan ghotay. 1999 saale zii. allan hancock esteta esha. emm. vee-rawr sampurna niyantran orjon korey. 2006 saale railpother sompod coast beley rail corporationer kachhe bikri koraa hoy, jaar foley hancock poribarer 81 bochorer malikana shesh hoy. 21tii chhada arow tinti bashpiya injina royeche. ekti sofol punoruddharer porey, 205 enginti oregoner albany ebong purbo railpother kachhe bikri koraa hoyechilo ebong etty santium bhromon traine byabohrito hoy. 100 oregoneo royeche, tobey ekhono punoruddhare probesh koreni. 1000 travel towner griffith parke sthir prodorshonite thaake. chalikashakti. esha. emm. vee-teey 5tii injina royeche esha. emm. vee panchti 70 tonn suicher ebong ekti eu6bii porichalona koroto jaa 1948-1959-err modhye arjito hoyechilo. esha. emm. vee-rawr bondhuder theke talikah HTTTPS:// Friends-smvrr.org/image/histry/smvrr-roster.pdf echhadao digel dokaner talika dekhunohdijeler dokan.us/esha. emm. vee. arr.eich. tii. emm. ell

saanta maria kheen railroad saanta maria velii railroad aee tunkee railroad chhe jeey keliforniyana guadalupe khaate union paciphic railroad (bhutpurv dakshin paciphic) dariyakantha saathe aantarparivartan karey chhe. 2006 sudhimaa, aaa railroad coast bele rail corporationni malikinu chhe. traphiqa. trc vaarshik 2,000 kaarnu sanchalan karey chhe chhe andaaj). khenchvaamaa aaveli chijavastuoma nichenaano samaavesh thaay chheh agaauna trafficma nichenaano samaavesh thaay chheh passenger service. beeja vishvyuddh darmiyan maatra havaai mathaknee shaakha parr lashkari karmcharione taaleem maate saanta maria armie air bays parr parivahan karvaa maate vishesh passenger sevaa aapvama aavee hatee. air bays shakhanu nirmaan nirmaan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. november malyun pratham vakhat aesa. aema. vee. aar. aar. parr pravaasnee rajuaat karvaamaa aavee hatee, jeey 2007 sudhee chaalu rahee hatee. itihas. aesa. aema. vee. neey 14 julai, julai roj losa angels, california khaate saanta maria velii railway tareeke saamel karvaamaa aavee hatee. aee. dougherty pramukh tareeke soochibaddh thayaa. guadalupe khaate dakshin paciphic jodanthi betaraviya junction sudhee pratham track, vaastavma august 1899 maan aesa. pii. dwara khaand mill sudhee pahonchvaa maate banavvama aavyo hato. aesa. pii. aee varsho pachhi aesa. aema. vee. neey track bhaade aapyo hato. betaraviyathi saanta maria aneey rhodamite sudhee smv bandhvama aavyu hatoo. aesa. aema. vee. nee shaakhao pann stovelthi havaai mathak sudhee, syuithi rosemary pharma aneey raxthee darvaja sudhee chaalati hatee. 1925 sudhimaa railway trafficma teevra ghataado thayo hato aneey railway nadar bunny gaee hatee. dominian oil companyna aachaary capton george aelan hancocke sherifni harajima 75,000 dollarmaa railroad khareedhyu hatoo. tyarbad tyarbad saanta maria velii railroad tareeke railroadnu punargathan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. 2006 sudhee, railroadni maliki capton jee. aelan hancockni estate. mool rekhaa guadalupethi rhodamite sudhee chaali hatee. hatee darvajathi rhodamite sudheeno maarg tyajee devaamaa aavyo hato. chhelli runn nann. 21, capton hancocknu preey varaal angine, februari februari hatoo. capton hancocke chhelli vakhat throttle leedhu hatoo. volta disney capton hancock saathe taxima hataa. baldwin 21 haalmaa estoriya, oregonma punsthaapan hethal chhe, jeey paryatan sevama parat farshe. union sugar beat plant plant bundh thayo hato, jenaathi beat train yugno anta aavyo hato. 1999 maan jee. aelan hancock estatene aesa. aema. vee. parr sampoorn niyantran malyun. malyun railroadni askayamato coast bele rail corporationne vechvaamaa aavee hatee, jenaathi hancock parivaarni 81 varshnee malikino anta aavyo hato. 21 sivaay anya trana varaal angine astitvamaa chhe. safal punsthaapan pachhi, 205 angine oregonma albany aneey purveey railroadne vechvaamaa aavyu hatoo aneey teno upyog centium paryatan trainoma thaay chhe. 100 oregonma pann chhe, parantu haju sudhee punsthaapanmaa pravesh karyo nathee. 1000 travel taaun khaate griffith parkma stheer pradarshan parr rahe chhe. prerak shaktee. aesa. aema. vee. maan 5 angine chhe. aesa. aema. vee. aee paanch 70 tunna switchers aneey aek aek sanchalan karyoo hatoo jeey 1948-1959 vachche hastgat karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. aesa. aema. vee. naa mitro pasethi roaster HTTTPS:// Friends-smvrr.org/chhabio/itihas/smvrr-roaster.pdf disalni dukanni soochi pann juohdiesel dukan.us/aesa. aema. vee. aar.aech. tii. aema. aela.

saanta maria ghaati rail maarg saanta maria ghaati railmarg ack chhoti rail line haye joe guadalupe, california mein sangh prashant railmarg (poorv dakshini prashant) tata rekha key saath paraspar mell khaati haye. 2006 taka, rail maarg tata bell rail nigam key swaamitva mein haye. yatayat. tii. aar. see. salana 2,000 kaaron koo sambhalata haye (1996 kaa anuman). dhone vaali vastuon mein shamil hainh poorv yatayat mein shamil hainh yatri seva. prashikshan key liye sainya karmiyon koo saanta maria senaa key havaai adde taka leey jaane key liye dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran kewal vayu senaa adde kii shakha mein vishesh yatri seva kii peshkash kii gaee thee. vayu senaa adde kii shakha kaa nirmaan 1943 mein kiya gayaa thaa. navambar 2006 mein pahali baar aiss. aim. vee. aar. aar. parr bhraman kii peshkash kii gaee thee, joe 2007 taka jaari rahee. itihas. aiss. aim. vee. koo 14 julaai, 1911 koo loss angils, california mein saanta maria ghaati railway key roop mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa. aeye. dougherty rashtrapati key roop mein soochibaddh. pahala track, guadalupe seey behtarviya junction taka dakshini prashant connection seey, vaastav mein agast 1899 mein aiss. pee. dwara ack cheeni mill taka pahunchane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. aiss. pee. ney kaee varshon baad aiss. aim. vee. koo track patte parr diyaa. behtar seey aiss. aim. vee. saanta maria aur roadmite taka banaaya gayaa. aiss. aim. vee. kii shaakhaaen bhee theen joe stowell seey havaai adde taka, suee seey rosemary farm aur rakes seey gett taka chalati theen. 1925 taka railway yatayat mein bhaari girawat aaee thee aur railway diwalia hoe gayaa thaa. dominian tail company key ack pradhaan, kaptan george ellen hancock ney ack sheriff kii nilami mein 75,000 dollar mein rail maarg kharida. 1926 mein rail maarg koo saanta maria ghaati rail maarg key roop mein punargathit kiya gayaa thaa. 2006 taka, rail maarg kaa swaamitva kaptan jee. ellen hancock kii sampatti. mool line guadalupe seey roadmite taka chully. gett seey roadmite taka kaa track 1950 mein chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. antim runn naheen. 21, kaptan hancock kaa pasandida bhaap injan, farwari 1962 mein thaa. kaptan hancock ney aakhiri baar throttle liya. walt disney kaptan hancock key saath taxi mein they. baldwyn 21 vartamaan mein astoria, oregan mein punarsthapana key daur seey gujar rhaa haye, jise bhraman seva mein vaapas kiya jaayega. union shugar beat sanyantra 1993 mein bund hoe gayaa, jisase beat train yug samaapt hoe gayaa. 1999 mein jee. ellen hancock estate ney aiss. aim. vee. kaa puuraa niyantran hassil curr liya. 2006 mein rail kii parisampattiyon koo coast belle rail corporation koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa, jisase hancock parivaar key 81 saal key swaamitva koo samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 21 key alawa, teen anya bhaap injan maujood hain. ack safal bahaali key baad, 205 injan koo oregan mein albany aur purvi railmarg koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa aur iska upayog santium bhraman trains mein kiya jaataa haye. 100 oregan mein bhee haye, lekin abhee taka bahaali mein pravesh naheen kiya haye. 1000 yatra shahar mein griffith park mein sthir pradarshan parr rahata haye. prerak shakti. aiss. aim. vee. mein 5 injan hainh aiss. aim. vee. ney paanch 70 tunn switcher aur ack yuu6bee kaa sanchaalan kiya joe 1948-1959 key beach praapt kiya gayaa thaa. aiss. aim. vee. key doston seey rosterh// friends-aiss. aim. vee. aar. aar.org/chhaviyaan/itihas/smvrr-roster.pee. dee. aff. deejal kii dukaan kaa roaster bhee dekhein------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -dha deejal shop.us/aiss. aim. vee. aar.aich. tii. aim. ell.

saantaa maria kanive railumarga saantaa maria valley railroad ondu kiru maargavaagiddu, idu californiada gwaadaaloopeyalliruwa union peciphic railroadna (hindina daksina peciphic) karavali maargadondige paraspara badalaaguttade. 2006rahra hottige, ee railumaargavu coast belle railu nigamada odetanadallide. trophic. tii. aarr. sii. yuu vaarshikavaagi 2,000 kaarugalannu nirvahisuttade (1996rahra andaju). eleyalaada sarakugalu ee kelaginavugalannu olagondiveh hindina sanchaaravu ee kelaginavugalannu olagondittuhu prayanikara seve. eradane mahayuddhada samayadalli military sibbandiyannu tarabetigaagi saantaa maria seenaa vayunerige sagisalu vayunele shakheyalli maatra vishesha prayanikara seveyannu nidalaaguttittu. vaayuneleya shakheyannu shakheyannu nirmisalaayitu. modala baarige 2006rahra novembernalli ess. emm. vii. aarr. aarr. nalli pravaasagalannu nidalaagiddu, nidalaagiddu munduvareyitu. itihaasa. smv annu julai 14,1911 randu californiada laas angelisnalli saantaa maria valley railveyaagi serisalaayitu. aa. doughertyannu adhyaksharaagi patti maadalaagide. gwaadaalupenalliruwa daksina peciphic samparkadinda betaravia junctionavaregina modala track annu vaastavaagi august 1899 ralli sakkare giranige hogalu ess. pii. nirmisitu. ess. pii. yuu halavu varshagala nantara ee haligalannu ess. emm. vii. ge guttigege needitu. betaraaviyaadinda saantaa maria mattu rodamitege nirmisalaada smv. smv stovelninda vaayuneleyavarege, syooyininda rosemary faarmgalu mattu reksninda getgalavarege shakhegalannu saha hondittu. 1925rahra hottige railway sanchaaravu tivravagi kusiyitu mattu railway diwaaliyaayitu. dominian taila kampaniya pradhaaniyaagidda capton georg alan hancock, sheriff haraajinalli haraajinalli railumaargavannu khareedisidaru. khareedisidaru ee railumaargavannu saantaa maria kanive railumargavagi marusanghatisalaayitu. marusanghatisalaayitu, ee railumaargavu capton zii. alan hancock avara estate. moola saalu gwadalupeninda rodamaitnavarege oditu. getgalinda rodamaitnavaregina haligalannu haligalannu kaibidalaayitu. koneya runn namm. 21, capton hancock avara necchina ugi locomotive, phebravari 1962 ralli. capton hancock koneya baarige throttle annu tegedukondaru. walt disney capton hancock avarondige cabnalliddaru. baldwyn 21 prastuta oregon aastoriyaadalli marusthaapanege olagaaguttide mattu adannu vihaara sevege hintirugisalaagide. union sakkare beatroot sthaavaravannu sthaavaravannu muchchalaayitu, idu beatroot railu yugavannu konegolisitu. konegolisitu zii. alan hancock estate ess. emm. vii. yaya sampoorna niyantranavannu galisitu. railroadna svattugalannu svattugalannu coast belle railu nigamakke marata maadalaayitu, idu hancock kutumbada 81 varshagala malikatvavannu konegolisitu. konegolisitu horatupadisi, innoo mooru ugi yantragalu astitvadallive. yashasvi punahsthapaneya nantara, 205 engine annu oregaannalliruva albany mattu purva railumargakke marata maadalaayitu mattu idannu santium vihaara railugalalli balasalaaguttade. 100 saha oregaannallide, aadare innoo punahsthapaneyannu praveshisilla. 1000 travel tounnalliruva griffith parknalli sthira pradarshanadallide. preraka shakti. smv 5 lokomotivgalannu hondideh smv aidu 70 tunn svichargalannu mattu ondu ondu annu nirvahisitu, avugalannu 1948-1959 naduve padeyalaayitu. smv sneehitarinda pattih HTTTPS:// Friends-smvrr.org/chitragalu/itihaasa/smvrr-roaster.pdf deesel angadigala pattiyannu saha nodihdicel shop.yuu. ess/ess. emm. vii. aarr.etch. tii. emm. ell.

santa maria vaali railway kaaliforniyayile gwadalooppile union pasaphik reyilrodinte (muun thekkan pasaphik) theerapradeshavumaayi parasparam maarunna oru hraswarekha railwayaanu santa maria vaali railroad. 2006 leeii kanakkanusarichu, koost belle reyil korppareshante udamasthathayilullathaanu railway. gathagathakkurukku. prathivarsham 2,000 kaarukal tii. aarr. sii kaikaaryam cheiyunnu (1996leeii kanakk). valicheriyappedunna charakkukalil iva ulppedunnu munkaala gathaagathathil ulppettava yaathrakkaarude sevanam. randaam lokamahaayudhakaalathu sainika udyogasthare santa maria armi airbasilekku parisheelanathinaayi kondupokunnathinaayi eyar bays branchil maathramaan prathyeka passenture sevanam vaagdaanam cheythirunnathu. 1943laanu eyar bays branch nirmmichathu. 2006 novemberil smvrril aadyamaayi vinodasanchaarikal vaagdaanam cheyyappedukayum 2007 vare thudarukayum cheythu. charithram. 1911 juulai 14 nuu kaaliforniyayile loss enjalsile santa maria vaali railway smv samyojippichu. eiii. doggerty presidentaayi pattikapedutthi. gwadalooppile thekkan pasaphik kanakshan muthal betteraviya junction vareyulla aadya track yadhaarthathil 1899 augustil oru panchasaara millilekku pookunnathinaayi ezz. pii nirmmichathaanu. varshangalkk sesham ezz. pii. track ezz. emm. wick paattatthinu nalki. betteraviya muthal santa maria vareyum rodemite vareyum smv nirmmichu. smvk stovel muthal eyar bays vare, syui muthal rosemary faamukal vareyum rex muthal gettukal vareyum shaakhakalundaayirunnu. 1925 aayappozhekkum railway gathagatham kuthane kurayukayum railway paapparaakukayum cheythu. dominian oayil kambaniyude principalaaya kyapttan jorjju alan hancock shereefinte lelathil 75,000 dollarinu railway vaangi. 1926ll railway santa maria vaali railway aayi punasamghadippikkappettu. 2006 vare reyilveyude udamasthaavakaasham kyapttan jii. alaan hancockinte estettu. gwadaloope muthal rodemite vare yadhaartha line oodi. gettukal muthal rodemite vareyulla paatha 1950ll upekshikkappettu. avasaanathe rann nambar. 21, kyapttan hancockinte priyappetta neeravi locomotive, 1962 februvariyilaayirunnu. kyapttan hancock avasaanamaayi oru thavana throttil eduthu. kyapttan hancokinoppam walt disney taxiyilaayirunnu. baldwin 21 nilavil origonile aastoriyayil punarudhaaranatthinu vidheyamaayikkondirikku, avar vinoda sevanathilekku madangiyethum. beatoot train yugam avasaanippichukondu 1993ll union shugar beatoot plaant adachu. 1999ll jii. allen hancock estettu ezz. emm. viyude poornna niyanthranam nedi. reyilveyude swathukkal 2006-ll koost belle reyil corporation vittu, ithu hancock kudumbatthinte 81 varshathe udamasthaavakaasham avasaanippichu. 21 ozhike mattu moonnu neeravi enchinukal nilavilundu. vijayakaramaya punarudhaaranathetthudarnna, 205 enchin origonile albani, eestten railwake vilkkukayum santhiyam excursion trainukalil upayogikkukayum cheythu. 100 origonilum undu, pakshe ithuvare punarudhaaranatthilekku pravesichittilla. traval tounile griffith parkkil 1000 staatik displayilaan. prerakashakthi. ezz. emm. vii. kku 5 locomotteevukal undu smv anchu 70 tonn swicharukalum oru yuu6biyum pravarthippichu, avaa 1948-1959-nuu idayil nediyirunnu. smvyude suhruthukkalil ninnulla pattika// fronds-smvrr.org/emejukal/histtari/smvrr-rosttar.pii. dii. eph deesal shope rosttarum kaanukadeesal shope.yuu. ezz/ezz. emm. vii. aarr.echu. tii. emm. ell.

santa maria maria railwaymarg santa maria valley railway hii eka chhoti rail marg aahe jee californiatil gwadalupe yetheel union paisiphik railwaychya (purvichya dakshin paisiphik) kinarpattishi paraspar badalate. 2006 paryant, railway coast bele railway corporation malkichi aahe. vahtook. tii. aar. see. darvarshi 2,000 qaar hatalate (1996 chaa andaj). khechalya khechalya vastunmadhye khaleel goshtincha samavesh hotoh purvichya rahdarimadhye khaleel goshtincha samavesh hotah pravasi seva. prashikshanasathi santa maria lashkari talavar lashkari lashkari nenyasathi havai tall shakhet keval keval mahayuddhachya kalat vishesh pravasi seva dilee jaat hotee. havai tall shakha 1943 madhye bandhanyat aalee. november 2006 madhye ess. emm. vhee. aar. aar. varr prathamach sahali deu karnyat aalya, jee 2007 paryant suru rahili. itihas. 14 julai 1911 roji californiatil losses angelis yethe santa maria valley railway mhanoon ess. emm. vhee. chaa samavesh karnyat aala. aaa. dougherty adhyaksh mhanoon soochibaddha. gwadalupe yetheel dakshin prashant jodanipasun teey betaravia junctionparyantcha pahila marg pratyakshat ess. pii. neey august 1899 madhye sakhar karkhanyat jaanyasathi bandhala hota. ess. pii. neey anek varshannantar haah marg ess. emm. vhee. laa bhadepattivar deela. betaravhiyapasun santa maria aanee rodamaitparyant ess. emm. vhee. bandhale gele. ess. emm. vhee. chya shakha dekhil stovelpasoon havai talaparyant, suyepasoon rosemarychya shetanparyant aanee rexpassoon getparyant chalalya hotya. 1925 paryant railway vahtook zapatyane qamee jhaali hotee aanee railway diwalkhor jhaali hotee. dominian teel companyche pracharya capton george allon hancock yanni sherifchya lilavat 75,000 dollarla railway vikat ghetali. tyanantar 1926 madhye santa maria valley railway mhanoon railwaymargachi punarrachana karnyat aalee. 2006 paryant, railwaymargachi malki capton jee. allon hancockchi malmatta. mool resha gwadalupepasun rodamaitparyant chalali. getpasoon rodamaitparyantcha marg 1950 madhye sodoon denyat aala. nahichi shevatchi dhaav. 21, capton hancockche aavadate vafeche locomotive, februwari 1962 madhye hote. capton hancockney throttle shevatche ekada ghetale. walt disney capton hancoxobat cabmadhye hota. baldwin 21 sadhya auregonmadhil estoriya yethe punarbandhani suru aahe, jeey firki sevesathi parat kele jaeel. union shugar beat karkhana 1993 madhye bund jhaala, jyamule beat train yug sampale. 1999 madhye jee. allon hancock eastatene ess. emm. vhee. varr purn niyantran midavale. 2006 madhye railwaymargachi malmatta coast bele railway corporationla vikali gelee, jyamule hancock kutumbachi 81 varshanchi malki sampushtat aalee. 21 vyatirikt, itar teen vafeche engine astitvat aahet. yashasvi punarbandhaninantar, 205 heey engine oregonmadhil albany aanee purv railwaymargala vikale gele aanee tyacha vapar santium sahalichya gadyanmadhye keela jaato. 100 heey oregonmadhyehi aahe, parantu adyap punarbandhanimadhye pravesh kelela nahee. 1000 heey pravasi shaharatil griffith udyanat sthir pradarshanavar aahe. prerak shakti. ess. emm. vhee. madhye 5 locomotives aaheth ess. emm. vhee. neey paach 70 tunn switcher aanee eka eka chalavale jeey 1948-1959 darmyan prapt jhaale. ess. emm. vhee. chya mitrankadun rosterh// friends-ess. emm. vhee. aar. aar.org/images/histree/smvrr-roster.pdf dizzell dukanachi yadee dekhil pahahdizel dukan.us/ess. emm. vhee. aar.etch. tii. emm. ell.

santa maria upatyaka railmarg santa maria bhyali railroad ek chhoto railroad how june californiako gwadalupema union pasific railroad (purva dakshini pasific) tata rekhasanga antarkriya gardacha. sann 2006 samma, railmarg coast bele rail karporesanko swamitwama chha. trafic. trcle warshik 2,000 karharu sanchalan gardacha (1996 ko anuman). tanieka wastuharuma samawesh chhanh pahileko trafic samawesh chhah yatri sewa. dosro wishwayuddhako samayama sainya karmachariharulai prashikshanka lagi santa maria senako hawai addama dhuwani garna air bases shakhama matra vishesh yatri sewa pradan garieko thiyo. air bases shakha 1943 maa nirman garieko thiyo. november 2006 maa smvrrma pahilo patak bhramanko prastawa garieko thiyo, june 2007 samma jaari rahyo. itihas. ess. emm. bhi. lai 14 july 1911 maa lus angels, californiama santa maria bhyali railwayko rupma samawesh garieko thiyo. ae. dougherty rashtrapatiko rupma suchibadha. pahilo track, gwadalupeko dakshini pasific jadandekhi betterawia junctionsamma, wastawma espidwara august 1899 maa chiny milma pugnaka lagi nirman garieko thiyo. sple warshaunpachi smbhilai track bhadama diyo. betterawiabata santa maria rar rodamitesamma smv banaieko thiyo. smvka shakha pani stoveldekhi air besasamma, suidekhi rosemary farmharu rar rexdekhi gateharusamma chalne thie. sann 1925 sammama railway yatayat tiwra rupma ghateko thiyo rar railway diwalia bhayo. dominion tel companyka principle captain george alon hankkle sherifko lilamima 75,000 dollarma railroad kineka thie. tyasapachhi sann 1926 maa santa maria upatyaka railmargko rupma railmarglai punargathan garieko thiyo. sann 2006 samma, railmarg captain jiko swamitwama thiyo. alon hankko sampatti. muel line gwadalupedekhi rodamitesamma chaleko thiyo. getdekhi rodamitesammako track sann 1950 maa tyagieko thiyo. naha ko antim daud. 21, kaptan hankko manaparne steam lokomotiv, february 1962 maa thiyo. kaptan hankkle antim patak throttle lie. walt disney kaptan hankksanga cabma thie. baldwyn 21 hall astoria, oreganma punarsthapana bhairaheko chha bhraman sewama farkan. union chiny chukander karkhana sann 1993 maa banda bhayo, chukander rail yugko antya bhayo. sann 1999 maa zee. alon hancock astatele smvko purna niyantran prapta sanchalan. railroadko sampatti sann 2006 maa coast bele rail karporesanlai bechieko thiyo, jasle hancock pariwarko 81 warshako swamitwa samapta sanchalan. 21 bahek anya tinawata steam lokomotibhharu astitwama chhan. safal punarsthapanapachhi, 205 injin oreganko albany rar purvi railmargma bechieko thiyo rar santium bhraman railharuma prayog garinchha. 100 oreganma pani chha, tara ajhai punarsthapanama prawesh gareko chhaina. 1000 travel taunako griffith parkma sthira pradarshanma rahanchha. prerak shakti. smvma 5 wata lokomotibhharu chhanh smvle paanch 70 tunn swicharharu rar euta euta sanchalan sanchalan june 1948-1959 kaa bichma prapta garieko thiyo. smvka sathiharubata rosterh HTTTPS:// Friends-smvrr.org/chhawiharu/itihas/smvrr-roaster.pdf digel pasalko suchi pani hernuhosh HTTTPS:// WW.digel pasal.yues/smvr.html

santa maria upatyaka relpath santa maria upatyaka relpath heuchhi eka certline relpath jaahaa californier guadalupere thiba union pasiphic relpath (purbatana dakhina pasiphic) upakula rekha sahita binimai kare . 2006 masiha suddha, ehi relapathara malikanare coast bail rela corporation rahichhi. traphik. ehi tii. aarr. sii. barshika 2,000 kaara parichalana karithae (1996rahr akalana). taani niajaithiba samagreegudika madhyare rahichhih purba traphik antarbhuktah jatri seba. prasikhyana paain samarika karmacharinku santa maria sena biman bandaraku paribahana kariba paain kebala dwiteeja biswajudha samajare eyaara bases shakhare swatantra jatri seba pradan karajaithila. 1943 masihare ehi bayusena ghaati shakha nirmana karajaithila. navember navember pratham thara paain ess. emm. bhi. aarr. aarr. ray bhramanara prastaba diajaithila, jaahaa 2007 parjyanta jaari rahithila. itihas. 1911 masiha july 14 tarikhare californier lus enjelesare santa maria upatyaka relpath bhabe ess. emm. bhi. ku samil karajaithila. aii. dagahartiku rastrapati bhabe talikabhukta karajaichi. guadalupere dakhina prashanta mahasagariya sanjogaru betaraviaa jankasana parjyanta pratham track, bastabare eka chini milku jiba paain august 1899 ray ess. pii. dwara nirmita hoithila . ess. pii. ehi trakaku barsha barsha parey ess. emm. bhi. ku lijre deithila. betaraviaa thaaru ess. emm. bhi. santa maria ebong rhodamite parjyanta nirmita hoithila . ess. emm. bhi. rahr stowelaru eyaara bases parjyanta, sue thaaru rosemary farm parjyanta ebong reksaru gett parjyanta shakha madhya thila . 1925 masiha suddha rela chalachala tibra bhabe hrass paithila ebong relpath debalia hoijaithila. dominion taila companyra adhyakhya captain george alan hancock eka sheriphanka nilaamare 75,000 dalaarare relpath kinithile. ehapare 1926 masihare santa maria upatyaka relpath bhabe relapathaku punargathana karajaithila. 2006 masiha parjyanta ehi relpath captain jii. alan hanakaknka sampatti. moola line guadalupe thaaru rhodamite parjyanta chalithila . phatakaru rhodamite parjyanta thiba rastaku 1950 masihare parityaga karajaithila. shesh runn nong. 21, captain hanakaknka priya bashpiah lokomotiva, februari 1962 ray thila. captain hancock shesh thara paain throttle neithile . captain hanakaknka saha walt disney taxire thile. baldwin 21 bartamana oregner astoriare punaruddhara chalichi jaahaa bhraman sebaku feriba . 1993 masihare, bitt rela jugara anta ghatai, union chini bitt karkhana banda hoijaithila. ହୋଇଯାଇଥିଲା। jii. alan hancock estate ess. emm. bhi. rahr sampurna nijantrana hassel karithila. 2006 masihare, relapathara sampatti coast bail rela karporesanku bikri karajaithila, jahadwara hancock paribarara 81 barshar malikana samapta hoithila. hoithila। byatita, anya tinoti bashpiah injin rahichhi. eka saphala punaruddhara parey, 205 injinaku oregner albani ebong purba relapathaku bikri karajaithila ebong santium bhraman trainre byabahruta hue . 100 madhya oreganare achhi, kintu eparjyanta punaruddharare prabesha karinahin . 1000 travel taunra griffith parkre sthira pradarshanare rahithae. prerana shakti. ess. emm. bhi. ray ray lokomotiva rahichhih ess. emm. bhi. panchti 70 tone bisista suicher ebong gotie gotie parichalana karuthila, jaahaa <aai. dii. 1> madhyare adhigrahan karajaithila. ess. emm. bhi. rahr bandhumananka thaaru talikah HTTTPS:// Friends-smvrr.org/images/itihas/smvrr-roster.pdf digel dokan talika madhya dekhantuhu -digel dokan.jayu. ess./ess. emm. bhi. aarr.echa. tii. emm. ell.

saanta maria valley railmarg saanta maria valley railmarg ikk shortline railmarg haii joe kii california dey guadaloop vikhe union paisifik railmarg (sabka dakkhni parshant) tatt rekha naal badaldi haii. 2006 takk, railmarg dee malkiat coast baile rail corporation dee haii. aavajai. tii. aar. see. salana 2,000 kaaran noon sambhaldi haii (1996 daa anuman). khicchiaan gaeeaan vastan witch shamal hann pahilan dee aavajai witch shamal hann yaatari seva. sikhlai laee fauji karamchariaan noon saanta maria aarmi air bases takk lijaan laee havaai adde dee shakha witch dooje vishav yuddh dauran vishesh yaatari seva dee peshkash keeti gaee see. havaai adde dee shakha daa nirman 1943 witch keeta giaa see. navambar 2006 witch pahili vaar aiss. aimm. vee. aar. aar. utte sair dee peshkash keeti gaee see, joe 2007 takk jaari rahee. itihaas. aiss. aimm. vee. noon 14 julai, 1911 noon laas angels, california vikhe saanta maria valley railway dey roop witch shamal keeta giaa see. aii. doggerty noon rashtarpati vajon suchibadh keeta giaa. pahila track, guadaloop vikhe dakkhni parshant connection toon bihtarviaa junction takk, asal witch agast 1899 witch aiss. pee. duaara ikk khand mill takk pahunchan laee banaiaa giaa see. aiss. pee. neey kaee saalan baad track noon aiss. aim. vee. noon lease 'teey ditta. aiss. aimm. vee. neey battervia toon lae keey saanta maria atey roadmite takk banaiaa. aiss. aimm. vee. deeaan shakhavan vee sunn joe stauvel toon havaai adde takk, sue toon rosemary farm atey rakes toon gett takk chaldiaan sunn. 1925 takk railway aavajai witch bhaari girawat aaee see atey railway diwalia hoow giaa see. dominion tail company dey principle, kaptan jaaraj ailan hancock neey ikk sheriff dee nilami witch 75,000 dallar witch railmarg kharidiaa. railmarg noon firr 1926 witch saanta maria valley railmarg dey roop witch punargathit keeta giaa see. 2006 takk, railmarg dee malkiat kaptan jee. ailan hancock dee jaidad. mool line guadaloop toon rhodamite takk challi. gett toon rhodamite takk daa track 1950 witch chhadd ditta giaa see. number dee aakhri daud. 21, kaptan hancock daa pasandida bhaaf locomotive, farvari 1962 witch see. kaptan hancock neey aakhri vaar throttle liaa see. walt disney kaptan hancock naal kaib witch see. baldwyn 21 iss vele astoria, oregan witch punar-nirman adheen haii jiss noon sair-spaate dee seva witch waps keeta javega. union shugar beat plant 1993 witch bnd hoow giaa, jiss naal beat rail yugg khatam hoow giaa. 1999 witch jee. ailan hancock astet neey aiss. aimm. vee. daa poora controll haasal qarr liaa. railmarg deeaan sampatiaan 2006 witch coast baile rail corporation noon wetch dittiaan gaeeaan sunn, jiss naal hancock parivaar dee 81 saalan dee malkiat khatam hoow gaee see. 21 toon ilava, tinn horr bhaaf injan maujood hunn. ikk safal bahali toon baad, 205 noon oregan witch elbani atey purbi railmarg noon wetch ditta giaa see atey iss dee varton centium tour trainan witch keeti jaandi haii. 100 oregan witch vee haii, parr ajey takk bahali witch dakhal naheen hoiaa haii. 1000 travel taoon dey griffith park witch sathir pardarshani utte rahinda haii. prerak shakti. aiss. aimm. vee. witch 5 injan hann aiss. aimm. vee. neey panj 70 tunn switcher atey ikk ikk daa sanchalan keeta joe 1948-1959 dey vichkaar prapat keete gaye sunn. aiss. aimm. vee. dey dostan toon roaster// dosto-aiss. aimm. vee. aar. aar.org/chittar/itihaas/smvrr-roster.pdf deezel dee dukan daa roaster vee vekhordizal dee dukan.yuu. aiss./aiss. aimm. vee. aar.aich. tii. aim. ail.

santa maria ghaati relamaargah santa maria-upatyakaa-relamaargah ekaha laghu-maargah asti yah california-deshasya gwadalupe-nagare union-peciphic-rail-maargaah (poorva-dakshina-peciphic) tateeyaroopen antarbhavati. 2006 tamavarshaparyantam, relmaargah coast-bele-rail-nigamasya svaamitvam praapnot. yatayataha. tea. aar. see. prativarsham 2,000 kaar-yaanaani nirvahati (1996 anumanam). aahaty aahaty vastoonaam antarbhawatih poorva-yatayataha antarbhavati. yatriseva. prashikshanartham sainya-karmacharinam santa maria-senaa-vaayu-sthaavaram prati parivahanaartham dviteeyavishvayuddhakaale eva vaayu-aadhaar-shakhayam vishesha-yaatri-sevaa pradeeyat. vaayu-aadhaar-shaakhaayaah nirmanam 1943 tame varshe krutam aasit. 2006 tame varshe november-maase prathamavaaram ess. emm. vi. aar. aar. ityatra paryatanani pradaasyanta, 2007 tamavarshaparyantam cha. itihaasah. 1911 julai 14 dinaanke california-rajyasya laas-angelies-nagare santa-maria-upatyakaa-rail-maargaroopen ess. emm. vi. iti samsthaapitam. a. dougherty rashtrapatihi iti soochitah. gwadalupe-nagarasya dakshina-prashaanta-samparkaat beteravia-jankshan-paryantam, prathamam maargam, vastutah ess. pi. ityanena august 1899 tame varshe, shakkar-girani-krute nirmitam aasit. ess. pi. ityanena varshaanaam anantaram ess. emm. vi. samsthaayai track-pattarupena dattam. beteravia-nagaraat santa maria-nagaraparyantm, roadmat-nagaraparyantm cha ess. emm. vee. nirmitam. ess. emm. vi. ityasya shaakhaasu stovel-taha vaayunilaparyantam, suye-taha rosemary-farms-paryantam, rakes-taha gett-paryantam cha aasan. 1925 tame varshe rail-yatayataha teevratayaa nyooneekrutah, rail-maargah diwala jaataa cha. dominian-taila-kampenee ityasya mukhyadhikarinaha capton jaarj aalan hancock ityeshah, sheriff-ityasya lilaave $75,000 krute rail-maargam krinaat. tatah 1926 tame varshe relmaargah santa maria-upatyakaa-relmaargah iti punah punargatitah. 2006 tame varshe yaavat relmaargah capton jee. ityasya swaamya aasit. alan hancock ityasya sampattih. mool-panktih gwadalupe-taha roadmat-paryantam aasit. 1950 tame varshe dwarat roadmat paryantam maargah parityaktah. naa iti antimam dhaavanam. 21, capton-hancock ityasya priyam vashpa-locomotive, 1962 februvari-maase aasit. capton-hancock antimavaaram throttle-yaanam agruhnaat. walt disney ityeshah capton hancock ityanena saha kyaab-madhye aasit. baldwyn 21 samprati oregan-nagarasya astoria-nagare punarsthapanaayaalayati, yat punah bhramanasevaayaam prati pratyaagatum shakyate. union-shugar-beat ityasya karakhana 1993 tame varshe bandhitah, yena beat-train-yugah samaaptah. 1999 tame varshe jii. alan hancock-state ess. emm. vi. ityasya poornam niyantranam praapnot. 2006 tame varshe coast-bele-rail-nigamaay rail-maargadyaah sampattih vikreeyant, yena hancock-parivaarasya 81 varshebhyah svaamitvam samaaptam. 21 ityetaan vihaay anyatrayam vashpa-yantram vartate. safalasya punarsthapanantaram 205 iti yantram oregan-nagarasya albany-poorva-rail-yaanam ammet, tathaa cha santiyam-bhraman-rail-yaanaani cha upayujyate. 100 api oregon-nagare asti, parantu adyaapi punahsthaapanam naa pravishtam. 1000 yatra-nagare griffith-udyaane sthiraa pradarshane asti. prerakashaktih. ess. emm. vi. madhye 5 locomotives santi. ess. emm. vi. samsthayaa pancha 70 tunn-swichchar-yantraani, ekaha ekaha cha sanchaalitah, ye cha <aii. dee. 1> madhye praaptaani aasan. ess. emm. vi. ityasya mitranam soocheeh----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------org/images/histri/smvrr-roster iti.pi. dii. ef. deezal-shaap-roaster api pashyatu-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -deezel-shaap.ass/ess. emm. vi. aar.echa. tea. emm. ell.

sanda maria pallatthaakku irayil paathai sanda maria pallatthaakku irayil paathai enbathu californiavin kuvaadalooppil ulla union pasipik irayil paathaiyin (munnaal therku pasipik) kadarkaraik koattudan ontrinainthu sellum oru kurugiya rayil paathaiyaakum. 2006aam aandu nilavarappadi, inththa irayil paathai kadarkarai belle irayil kazhagaththirku sonthamaanathu. poakkuvaraththu nerisal. inththa dii. aarr. chii. niruvanam aandukku 2,000 kaarkalai kaiyaalukirathu (1996 mathippeedu). izhuththuch sellappatta porutkalil pinvaruvana adangum munththaiya poakkuvaraththu pinvaruvanavattrai ulladakkiyathu payanigal saevai. irandaam ulagap poarin poathu iraanuva veerargalai sanda maria iraanuva vimanath thalaththirku payirchikkaaga kondu selvatharkaaga vimanath thalak kilayil mattumae sirappu payanigal saevai vazhangkappattathu. vimanath thalak kilai 1943 aam aandil kattappattathu. navambar 2006 ill ess. emm. vii. aarr. aarr ill muthal muraiyaaga suttrulaakkal vazhangkappattana, idhu 2007 varai thodarnthathu. varalaaru. smv juulai 14,1911 andru californiavin losses aenchalsil sanda maria pallatthaakku rayilvaeyaaga inaikkappattathu. auuu. doogardi janaathipathiyaaga pattiyalidappattaar. kuvaadalooppil ulla therku pasipik inaippilirunthu pedaravia santhippu varai muthal paathai, unmaiyil august 1899 ill oru sarkkarai aalaikku selvatharkaaga ess. pii. yaal kattappattathu. pala aandugalukkup piragu ess. pii. inththa paathaiyai ess. emm. vii. kku kuththagaikku eduththathu. pedaraaviyaavilirunthu sanda maria mattrum rhodemite varai ess. emm. vii kattappattathu. smv-yill stowell muthal vimanath thalam varai, sooyi muthal rosemary pannaikal varai mattrum rex muthal vaayilgal varai kilaigal irunththana. 1925 vaakkil rayilway poakkuvaraththu kadumaiyaaga kuraindhu, rayilway thivaalaakivittathu. tominian ennei niruvanaththin muthalvaraana capton jaarj allan hancock, sheripin aelaththil irayil paathaiyai 75,000 dollarukku vaankinaar. 1926 aam aandil irayil paathai sanda maria pallatthaakku irayil paathaiyaaka maruseeramaikkappattathu. 2006 varai, irayil paathai capton jii. kku sonthamaanathu. allan hancockin estate. asal varisai kuvaadalooppil irunthu rhodemite varai oodiyathu. vaayilgal muthal salaiyoram varai sellum paathai 1950 aam aandil kaividappattathu. kadaisi oottaththil illai. 21, capton haankaakkirku pidiththa neeravi enjin, pipravari 1962 ill irunththathu. capton hancock kadaisiyaaga oru thadavai throattilai eduththaar. capton haankaakkudan walt disney vandiyil irunthaar. baldwin 21 tharpoothu oorikaanin astoriavil maruseeramaikkappattu varukirathu, idhu suttrulaa sevaikku thirumbum. thozhirchanga sarkkaraivallikkilangku aalai 1993 aam aandil moodappattathu, idhu beatruit rayil sagaapthaththai mudivukkuk konduvandhadhu. 1999 ill jii. allan hancock estate ess. emm. vii. yinn muzhuk kattuppaattaip pettrathu. rayilveyin sothukkal 2006 aam aandil coast belle rayil corporationukku virkappattana, idhu hancock kudumbaththin 81 aandu urimaiyai mudivukkuk konduvandhadhu. 21 aith thavira, maelum moontru neeravi enginegal ullana. vetrtrikaramaana maruseeramaippaith thodarnthu, 205 iyanththiram oorikaanil ulla albany mattrum kilakku irayil paathaikku virkappattathu mattrum saandiyam suttrulaa rayilgalil payanpaduththappadukirathu. 100 origonilum ullathu, aanaal innum maruseeramaippukkul nuzhaiyavillai. 1000 payana nagaraththil ulla gribit poongaavil nilaiyaana kaatchiyil ullathu. undhuthal sakthi. smv 5 enginegalaik kondullathuh smv ainthu 70 dunn svichcharkalaiyum, oru yuu6pii aii 1948-1959 kku idaiyil kaiyagappaduththiyathu. smv-yinn nanbarkalidamirunthu pattiyal// nanbarkal-smvrr.org/padangkal/varalaaru/smvrr-roastar.pdf maelum, deesalin kadai pattiyalai parkowmteesalpore.yuu. ess/ess. emm. vii. aarr.ech. dii. emm. ell

saantaa maria loya railroad shanta maria valley railroad anedi californialoni gwadalupe vadda union pasiphik railroad (maajee dakshina pasiphik) tiirapraamtamtoe parasparam maarutunna oka short line railroad. 2006 natiki, eee railroad coast belle railu corporation yajamanyamlo undhi. traaphik. eee trclo etaa 2,000 kaarlu panicheestaayi (1996 anchanaa). lagabadina vastuvulalo ivi unnaih munupati traaphik loe ivi unnaih prayaaneekula seva. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo sainika sibbandini sikshana kosam shanta maria armi vaimanika sthaavaraaniki ravana cheyadaaniki air bays saakhalo matrame pratyeka prayaaneekula seva andinchabadindi. air bays saakha saakha nirminchabadindi. modatisaarigaa november aastulanu smvrrlo vihaarayaatralu andinchabaddaayi, idhi 2007 varaku konasaagindi. charitra. smv juulai 14,1911naa laas angels, california vadda shanta maria valley railvegaa vileenam cheyabadindi. eah. doughurty adhyakshudiga jabita cheyabaddaadu. gwadalupe vadda dakshina pasiphik anusandhanam nundi beteravia junction varaku modati track, vaastavaaniki chakkera milluku cherukovadaniki augustu augustu ess. pii. chae nirminchabadindi. konni samvatsaraala taruvaata ess. pii. eee track nuu ess. emm. vii. kii leejuku ichindi. beteravia nundi shanta maria varaku mariyu rhodemite varaku smv nirminchabadindi. smvlo stowell nundi vaimanika sthaavaram varaku, sui nundi rosemary polaalu mariyu rex nundi getla varaku saakhalu kooda undevi. 1925 natiki railway rakapokalu baga taggai, railway diwala teesindi. dominian ayil company principal ayina kepten georg allan hancock sherief vaelamloe $75,000 kuu railrodnu konugolu chesaaru. chesaaru eee railroad saantaa maria loya railrodga punarvyavastheekarinchabadindi. 2006 varaku, eee railroad kepten zii. allan hancock yokka estate. asalu line gwadalupe nundi rhodemite varaku nadichindi. getla nundi rhodemite varaku unna track track vadiliveyabadindi. chivari runn nem. 21, kepten hancock yokka ishtamaina aaviri locomotive, fibravari fibravari undhi. kepten hancock chivarisariga thoretalnu teesukunnadu. kepten hancock thoo kalisi walt disney cablo unnadu. baldwyn 21 prastutam oregaanloni austorialo punaruddharanalo undhi, idhi tirigi vihara sevaku tirigi vastundi. union shugarh beat plant plant moosiveyabadindi, beat railu sakaaniki mugimpu palikindi. palikindi zii. allon hancock estate smvpy puurti niyantrananu pondindi. railroad yokka aastulanu aastulanu coast belle railu corporationku vikrayinchaaru, dheenitho hancock kutumbam 81 samvatsaraala yajamanyanni muginchaaru. 21 kakunda, maroe moodu aaviri locomotivelu unikilo unnaayi. vijayavantamaina punaruddharana taruvaata, 205 injin oregaanloni albany mariyu thoorpu railrodku vikrayinchabadindi mariyu santium vihara raillalo upayoginchabadutundi. 100 kooda oregonlo undhi, conny inca punaruddharanaloki pravesinchaledu. 1000 travel townlooni griffith paarkulo sthiramaina pradarsanalo undhi. prerana shakti. smvlo 5 locomotivelu unnaih smv aidu 70 tannula switcherlu mariyu oka oka nirvahinchindi, ivi 1948-1959 madhya pondabaddaayi. smv snehitula nundi jabita HTTTPS:// Friends-smvrr.org/images/history/smvrr-roaster.pdf deasle dukaanaala jaabitaanu kooda chudandidiesil dukaanam.yuu. ess/ess. emm. vii. aarr.hetch. tii. emm. ell.

saanta maariyah veeli railway saanta maariyah veeli railway eek shaart line railway hay juu california kay guadalope mein union paisifik railway (saabiq janubi paisifik) coast line kay saath aaps mein badalti hay. 2006 takk railway coast baili rail corporation kii malkiyat hay. trafic. tye aar see salanah 2,000 kaaron kuu sanbhalta hay (1996 kaa takhmina). khainchi gayee ashyaa mein shaamil haine: pehley kii trafic mein shaamil haine: musafir khidmaat. khususi musafir khidmaat sarf dosri jung azeem kay doraan fazayi aday kii shaakh parr paish kii gayee thee taakah foji ahalkaron kuu tarbiyat kay liye saanta maariyah aarmi aiyar bees takk pahunchaya jaa sakay. aiyar bees branch 1943 mein tameer kii gayee thee. nomber 2006 mein pehli baar aiss ayem wee aar aar parr seer kii paishkash kii gayee thee juu 2007 takk jaari rahee. tareekh. aiss ayem wee kuu 14 jolayi 1911 kuu laas angeles california mein saanta maariyah veeli railway kay toor parr shaamil kiyaa gayaa thaa. aey. dogarti batoor sadr darj. guadalope mein janubi bahar alkahil kay concussion say lay kirr betrioya junction takk pehla track darasil aiss pee nay agast 1899 mein shogar mill takk pahunchnay kay liye banaya thaa. aiss pee nay kayee saal baad aiss ayem wee kuu track lease parr diyaa. betravia say aiss ayem wee saanta maariyah aur rodamite takk banaya gayaa. aiss ayem wee kii shakhein bhee stole say aiyar bees takk swee say rozmeeri faarm aur reks say gait takk chalti thein. 1925 takk railway kii aamad woo raft mein teezi say kamee waaqa how gayee thee aur railway dewaliya how gayee thee. dominin aayel company kay principle captin jaarj ailan hancok nay sheeraf kii nilami mein 75,000 ddaalar mein railway kharidi. iss kay baad 1926 mein railway kuu saanta maariyah veeli railway kay toor parr dobarah manzam kiyaa gayaa. 2006 takk railway captin jee kii malkiyat thee. ailan hancok kii jayedad. asl line guadalope say rodamite takk chalee. darwazon say rodamite takk kaa raastah 1950 mein turk kirr diyaa gayaa thaa. number kii aakhri dodh. 21yee kaptaan hancok kaa pasandidah bhaap anjan faroori 1962 mein thaa. kaptaan hancok nay aakhri baar tharotal liyaa. walt dazni kaptaan hancok kay saath taxie mein thay. baldon 21 phee alhaal austoria auregon mein bahaali kay marahil say guzar rehaa hay taakah asay seer kii khadmat mein waps laaya jaaye. union shogar bait plant 1993 mein bund how gayaa jiss say bait train kaa door khatam how gayaa. 1999 mein jee. ailan hancok steat nay aiss ayem wee kaa makmal control haasil kirr liyaa. railway kay asaase 2006 mein coast bail rail corporation kuu farokhat kirr diye gayey jiss say hancok khaandaan kii 81 saalah malkiyat khatam how gayee. 21 kay alawah teen deegar bhaap anjan mojud haine. eek kamiyab bahaali kay baad 205 anjan auregon mein albani aur mashriqi railway kuu farokhat kiyaa gayaa aur asay santium accourtion trainon mein istemaal kiyaa jaataa hay. 100 auregon mein bhee hay leakin ubhee takk bahaali mein daakhil nahein hawaa hay. 1000 travel town kay grifth paark mein jaamid numaish parr rehta hay. moharrik kii taaqat. aiss ayem wee mein 5 anjan haine: aiss ayem wee nay paanch 70 tunn switures aur eek yuu 6 bee chalaya juu 1948-1959 kay darmiyan haasil kiye gayey thay. aiss ayem wee kay doston kii fehrist: HTTPS:// Friend-smvrr.org/tasavir/tareekh/smvrr-roster.pee ddee aif ddezel shaap kaa fehrist bhee dekhein::// waib saait.ddezel shaap.yuu aiss/aiss ayem wee aar.aich tye ayem eel

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Home Fires (novel)

Home Fires (novel) 2011 science fiction novel by Gene Wolfe Home Fires is a 2011 science fiction novel by Gene Wolfe. It was published by Tor Books. Synopsis. Twenty years ago, when Skip and Chelle were poor university students in love, they devised a plan: she would join the army and fight in a war on an alien planet, and he would stay home and study. Then, when her tour of duty finished and she returned to Earth, time dilation would mean that she was barely two years older; meanwhile, twenty years would have passed for him, during which he could become a wealthy lawyer, so that he could take her as a trophy wife. However, now that she has returned, they have both found that their plan had certain flaws. Reception. "Kirkus Reviews" considered the book to be "complex", "enigmatic", and "compelling", with "(a) somber, almost brooding tone". "The A.V. Club" found that the basic concept was "outstanding", as was the relationship between Skip and Chelle, but doubted that this was enough to carry an entire novel. "Strange Horizons" described it as "unusual, complex, and a constant challenge to the reader", and commended Wolfe for minimalistic worldbuilding, noting that the absence of any detailed explanations meant that the novel was able to portray an energy-poor society which nonetheless was capable of interstellar travel at relativistic speeds. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

ghoror jui (uponyax) hoom fayar hoise jinn wolfor 2011 sonor ekhon kolpobigyan uponyax. iyak tor bukche prokax korisil. xorangxo. bix bosor aagote jetiya skip aaru chell biswobidyaloyor premot thoka doridro saatro aasil, teuluke etaa porikolpona prostut korisiloh taai xenabahinit jugdan koribo aaru etaa bidexi grohor uporot juddhot juj dibo, aaru teu ghorote thakibo aaru odhyoyon koribo. taar pisot, jetiya taair kortobyor bhromon xomapto hoisil aaru taai prithibiloi ubhoti aahisil, tetiya xomoyor bistaror ortho hoh 'lo je taai maatro dubosor dangor aasil; ifale, teur baabe bix bosor paar hoi goisil, jaar xomoisuwat teu ejon dhoni odhibokta hoh' bob parisil, jaate teu taik trophy potni hisape lo 'bob paare. obosye, etiya jetiya taai ubhoti aahise, teuluke duyujone bisari paise je teulukor porikolponat kisuman truti aasil. obhyorthona. "kirkasor xomaluchonabure kitapkhonok" "jotil", "" "nigurh", "aaru" "aakorxoniyo" "buli bibesona korisil, zo" "too (koo) khyin, pray probhawxali swor aasil. "e.bhi. club "e gom paisil je mool dharonatu" utkristo "aasil, jene skip aaru chelor maajor xomporko aasil, kintu xondeh korisil je eitu etaa xompurno uponyax bohon koriboloi jothesto aasil. "odbhut digonto"-e iyak "oswabhabik, jotil, aaru pathokor baabe ek nirontor proityahban" hisape bornona korisil, aaru nyuntomo biswo nirmanor baabe nekorer proxongxa korisil, ullekh korisil je kunu bixod byakhyar onuposthitit uponyaxkhone ek xokti-durbol xomajok sitrito koriboloi xokhyom aasil ji tothapiu aapekhyik gotit antohnakhyotrik bhromon koriboloi xokhyom aasil.

home fayara (uponyas) home fayara holl zina olfer 2011 saaler ekti kolpobiggan uponyas. etty torr books dwara prokashito hoyechilo. sarsongkhep. kudi bochor agey, jokhon skip ebong chell bishwobidyaloyer daridra chhatroder preme porechilo, tokhon taaraa ekti parikalpana toiri korechiloh seey senabahinite jog debe ebong ekti bideshi groher upor juddhe ladai korbe, ebong seey barite thakbe ebong padashona korbe. tarpor, jokhon taar dayitter sofor shesh hoy ebong seey prithibite firey aase, tokhon somoy prosarito howar ortho hobey jey seey matro dui bochorer borh chhilo; edike, taar jonno kudi bochor ketey jeto, jaar somoy tini ekjon dhonee aainjibi hotey parten, jaate tini taake trophy stree hisabe nitey paren. tobey, ekhon jokhon seey firey eseche, taaraa dujonei dekheche jey taader porikolponai kichhu truti chhilo. abhyarthana. "kirkas porjalochonaguli boitike" "jotil", "" "rahasyamay" "ebong" "akarshaniya" "boley money korey, (qaa)" "abibechak" ", pray biroktikor swar. "ayee.vee. clubti khunje peyeche jey mool dharonati "asamanno" chhilo, jemonti chhilo skip ebong cheler modhye somporko, kintu sandeha korechilo jey etty ekti sampurna uponyas bohon korar jonno jotheshto chhilo. "adbhuto diganta" etike "" aswabhabik, jotil ebong patthoker jonno ekti dhrubak challenge "hisabe bornona koreche ebong nyuntama bishwa gathoner jonno nekader proshongsha koreche, ullekh koreche jey konao bistarito byakhyar onuposthitir ortho holl uponyasti ekti shakti-daridra samajke chitrito korte sokkhom chhilo jaa tobuo apekkhik gotite antohnakkhotrik bhromon korte sokkhom chhilo.

hooma fayara (navalkathaa) hooma fayara aee janin wolfney 2011 nee vigyaan kathaa navalkathaa chhe. teey toora books dwara prakashit karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. saransh. vees varsh pahelaa, jyaare skip aneey cheela premmaa garib universityna vidhyarthio hataa, tyaare teoae aek yojnaa ghadeeh teey senaama jodai jashe aneey paraayu grah parr yuddhmaa ladashe, aneey teey ghare raheshe aneey abhyaas karashe. pachhi, jyaare teneeni farajno pravaas puuro thayo aneey tenee pruthvi parr parat pharii, tyaare samayno arth aee thashe keey tenee bhagye jaj beey varsh motee hatee; teey darmiyan, tenaa maate vees varsh pasaar thaee gayaa hota, jeey darmiyan teey aek shrimant vakeel bunny shakyo hota, jethee teey teneene trophy patnee tareeke laee shake. jooe keey, havey jyaare teey parat aavee chhe, tyaare bannene jaanvaa malyun chhe keey temnee yojnaamaa ketalik bhoolo hatee. swaagat. "kirks sameekshao" "pustakne" "jatil", "" "rahasyamay" "aneey" "aakarshak" "ganaave chhe, jemaa" "(aaa) shaant, lagbhag kantalajanak swar". "aee.vee. klabne jaanvaa malyun keey mulbhoot khyaal "utkrusht" hato, jaim keey skip aneey cheela vachcheno sambandh hato, parantu shankaa hatee keey aaa samagr navalkathaane vahan karvaa maate puratu hatoo. "vichitra hado" aee tene "asamanya, jatil aneey vaachak maate satat padkaar" tareeke varnavyu hatoo aneey laghutam vishva nirmaan maate varunee prashansa curry hatee, aneey nondhyu hatoo keey koee pann vigatvaar samjootini gerhajarino arth aee chhe keey navalkathaa urjaa-garib samajne chitrit karvaamaa saksham hatee jeey tema chhataa saapeksh zadape aantartarkiy musafari karvaamaa saksham hatee.

ghar kii aag (upanyaas) home fire jeane wolf kaa 2011 kaa vigyaan kathaa upanyaas haye. ise torr books dwara prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. saransh. bees saal pahale, jaba skip aur chelle pyaar mein garib vishvavidyalaya key chhaatr they, tou unhone ack yojana banaaih vaha senaa mein shamil hogi aur ack videshi grah parr yuddh mein ladegi, aur vaha ghar parr rahega aur adhyayan karega. phir, jaba uska kartavya kaa daura samaapt hoe gayaa aur vaha prithvi parr laut aaee, tou samay vistaar kaa matlab hoga kii vaha mushkil seey dou saal badee thee; iss beach, usake liye bees saal beet gaye honge, jisake dauran vaha ack ameer vakeel bunn sakata thaa, taaki vaha usey trophy patni key roop mein leey sakey. haalaanki, abb jaba vaha vaapas aaa gaee haye, tou donon ney paaya haye kii unaki yojana mein kuchh khaamiyan theen. swaagat. "kirkus sameekshaon ney pustak koo" "jatil", "" "goodh", "aur" "sammohak" "maanaa, jisamen" "(aeye) udas, lagbhag daraane vaalaa swar" "thaa. "aeye.vee. club ney paaya kii mool avadharana "utkrisht" thee, jaisa kii skip aur chele key beach kaa sambandh thaa, lekin sandeh thaa kii yeh ack poore upanyaas koo leey jaane key liye paryaapt thaa. "ajib kshitij" ney ise "asamanya, jatil aur paathak key liye ack nirantar chunauti" key roop mein varnit kiya, aur nyuntam vishva nirmaan key liye bhediye kii sarahana kii, yeh dekhate hue kii kissy bhee vistrit spashteekaran key abhaav kaa matlab thaa kii upanyaas ack oorjaa-garib samaaj koo chitrit karane mein saksham thaa joe phir bhee saapeksh gati seey antartarkiya yatra karane mein saksham thaa.

maney benki (kadambari) home fires embudu zeane wolf bareda 2011rahra vaignaanika kadambari. idannu toor pustakagalu prakatisidavu. saramsha. ippattu varshagala hinde, skip mattu chele avaru pritiyalli bada vishvavidyaanilayada vidyarthigalagiddaga, avaru ondu yojaneyannu roopisidaruh avalu sainyakke seruttaale mattu anyagraha grahada mele yuddhadalli horaaduttaale, mattu avanu maneyalliye uliyuttaane mattu adhyayana maaduttaane. nantara, aakeya kartavyada pravaasavu mugida nantara mattu avalu bhoomige maralidaaga, samayada vistaraneyu avalu kevala eradu varsha doddavalu endartha; etanmadhye, ippattu varshagalu avanige kaleduhoguttiddavu, aaa samayadalli avanu srimanta vakilaraagabahudittu, aaddarinda avanu avalannu trophy hendatiyagi tegedukollabahudu. aadaagyoo, eega aake maraliddarinda, avaribbaroo tamma yojaneyalli kelavu nyoonategalive endu kandukondiddaare. svaagata. "kircus vimarshegalu pustakavannu" "sankeerna", "" "nigoodha", "mattu" "balavaada", "(aa) somer, bahuteka besarada dhwaniyondige pariganisive". "aa.vii. club "moolabhoota parikalpaneyu" atyuttamavagide "endu kandukonditu, haageye skip mattu chele naduvina sambandhavoo saha, aadare idu idee kaadambariyannu sagisalu saakaaguttade endu anumaanisitu. "vichitra digantagalu" idannu "asaamaanya, sankeerna mattu odugarige nirantara savaalu" endu vivariside mattu kanishta vishwa nirmanakkagi tolavannu shlaaghiside, yaavude vivaravaada vivaranegala anupasthitiyu shaktiya-bada samajavannu chithrisalu saadhyavaayitu endu gamanisi, aadaagyoo saapeksha vegadalli antaratara prayanada saamarthyavannu hondittu.

hoome fayar (noval) jeane wolf ezhuthiya 2011 leeii oru sayans fiction novalaanu hoome fayar. toorr bukkukalaanu ithu prasidheekarichathu. sangraham. irupathu varsham munbu, skip aandu chelle pavapetta yooniversitti vidyaarthikalaayirikke, avar oru padhathi aavishkarichu aval sainyathil cherukayum oru anyagraha grahathil oru yudhathil earppedukayum cheyyum, avan veettil thaamasichu padikkum. appol, avalude duty touur avasaanikkukayum aval bhoomiyilekku madangukayum cheythappol, samayam neengumbol ardhamaakkunnathu avalkk rund vayass maathrame praayamundaayirunnulla ennaanu; athesamayam, irupathu varsham kadannupookumaayirunnu, eee kaalayalavil addehathinu oru sambannanaaya abhibhashakanaakaan kazhiyumaayirunnu, angane avale oru trophy bharyayaayi edukkaan kazhiyum. ennirunnaalum, ippol aval thirichethiyathode, avarude padhathikku chila poraaymakalundennu avar randuperum kandethi. sweekaranam. "kirkas avalokanangal eee pusthakatthe" "sankeernavum nigoodavum aakarshakavumaya" "(eiii)" "sankeernavum eathaandu aswasthathayulavaakkunnathu" "tonayi kanakkakki". "eiii.vii. adisthaana ashayam "mikachathaanu" ennu club kandethi, athupole thanne skip, chelli enniva thammilulla bandhavum, ennaal oru noval muzhuvan vahikkaan ithu mathiyaakumo ennu samshayichu. "vichitramaaya chakravaalangal" ithine "asaadhaaranavum sankeernavum vaayanakkaaran nirantharavumaaya velluvili" ennu visheshippikkukayum, vishadamaaya vishadeekaranangalude abhavam ardhamaakkunnathu oorjja-daridra samoohathe chithreekarikkaan eee novalinu kazhinjuvennu soochippichukondu, ettavum kuranja lokanirmmaanathinu chennaaye prashamsikkukayum cheythu.

gharguti aag (kadambari) hoome fires hii januk wolfchi 2011 salchi vidnyan katha kadambari aahe. too toor booksne prakashit keela hota. saransh. vees varshanpurvi, jevha skip aanee chele heey vidyapithache garib vidyarthi premat hote, tevha tyanni eka yojana aakhalih tee sainyat sameel hoil aanee pargrahavar yuddh karel aanee too gharee rahoon abhyas karel. mug, jevha ticha kartavya daura sampala aanee tee pruthvivar paratali, tevha vel vistarnyacha arth assa hoil qee tee fakt done varshanni mothee hotee; darmyan, tyachyasathi vees varshe gelee asatee, jyaa darmyan too eka shrimant vakeel banoo shakala asata, jenekarun too teela chashak patni mhanoon gheu shakel. matra, aata tee parat aalee aahe, tevha tyanchya doghanchya yojnet kahee truti asalyache tyanna aadhalun aale aahe. swagat. "kirkschya samikshanmadhye heey pustak" "guntaguntiche", "" "goodh" "aanee" "aakarshak" ", (aaa) udas, jawaljawal aswasth karnara swar asey manale gele". "aaa.vhee. clubla aadhalale qee moolbhut sankalpana 'utkrusht' hotee, tasech skip aanee chele yanchyatil sambandhahi hota, parantu sampoorn kadambari pudhe nenyasathi heey purese aahe qee nahee yabaddal shanka hotee. "vichitra kshitij" neey tyache varnan "asamanya, guntaguntiche aanee vachkasathi eka satatche aavhan" asey kele aanee kiman jaagtik bandhanisathi wolfchi prashansa kelee, konatyahi tapshilvar spashtikarananchya anupasthiticha arth assa aahe qee kadambari urja-garib samajache chitran karnyas saksham hotee jee tarihi sapekshatechya vegane aantartarkiy pravas karnyas saksham hotee.

home fire (upanyas) home fire sann 2011 maa zin wolfdwara lekhieko vigyan katha upanyas how. yo tore booksdwara prakashit garieko thiyo. saransh. beas warshaghi, jab skip rar chelele premma pareka garib vishwavidyalayaka vidyarthiharu thie, tiniharule euta yojana banaeh uni senama samel hune rar videshi grahama yudhama ladne, rar uni gharmai baschhan rar adhyayan garnechan. tyasapachhi, jab unko kartawyako bhraman samapta bhayo rar uni prithvima farkiin, samaya wistarko artha uni kewal dui warsha jethi thiin; yasaibich, unka lagi beas warsha bitisakeko thiyo, yass awadhima uni ek dhani wakil banna sakthe, taaki unle unlai trophy patniko rupma lyne sakun. tara, ahile uni farkieki chhan, uniharu duwaile afno yojanama kehi trutiharu raheko patta lagaeka chhan. swagat. "kirkus samikshaharule pustaklai" "jatil", "" "rahasyamaya", "rar" "sammohak", "(kaka) somer, lagbhag darawana swarko sath manyo. "ae.wee. cluble patta lagayo kii adharbhut awadharana "utkrishta" thiyo, jastai skip rar chell bichko sambandha thiyo, tara yo sampurna upanyas bokna paryapta thiyo bhanne kurama shanka thiyo. "anautho kshitij" ley yasalai "asamanya, jatil, rar pathakka lagi nirantar chunauti" ko rupma warnan garyo, rar nyunatam vishwa nirmanka lagi wolfko prashansa garyo, kunai pani wistrit spashtikaranko abhawako artha yo how kii upanyasle urja-garib samajlai chitran garna saksham thiyo june ajhai pani sapeksha gatima antartarkiya yatra garna saksham thiyo.

home fire (upenyas) home fires heuchhi zin walfnka dwara 2011 masihar eka bigyana kalpanika upenyas. ehaa tore books dwara prakashita hoithila. saransha. kodie barsha purbe, jetebele skip ebong chelle premare thiba gariba biswabidyalaja chhatra thile, semane eka yojana prastuta karithileh shay senare jogadebe ebong eka bideshi grahare juddhare ladhibe, ebong shay ghare rahibe ebong adhyajana karibe . taa 'parey, jetebele tankara karttabya jatra shesh helah ebong shay pruthibeeku ferry aasile, samai bistarara artha heba je shay maatra dui barsha budd thile; iti madhyare, taanka paain kodie barsha bitijaithanta, jeun samajare shay jane dhani okil hoiparibe, jaahaa dwara shay tanku trophy patni bhabare neiparibe . kintu, ebe shay feriba parey, semane ubhaja janibaku paichanti je semananka jojanare kichhi truti thila. swagata. "kirks samikhya pustakatiku" "jatila", "" "rahasyamai", "ebong" "aakarshaneeah" "bolly bibechana karithila, jeunthire" "(qa) marmasparshi, praiah biraktikara swara. "aii.bhi. club janibaku paithila je moulika dharanati "utkrusta" thila, jepari skip ebong chile madhyare samparka thila, kintu sandeha karithila je ehaa eka sampurna upenyas bahn kariba paain yathesta thila . "adbhuta diga" ehaaku "" asadharana, jatila, ebong pathakanka paain eka nirantara aahwana "" bhabare barnana karithila, ebong sarbanimna biswa nirmana paain walfaku prashansa karithila, ullekha curry je kaunasi bistruta byakhya abhabara artha heuchhi upanyasati eka shakti-gariba samajaku chitrana karibaku sakhyama thila jaahaa tathapi aapekhika begare aantahnakhyatrika bhramanare sakhyama thila .

gharr dee agg (nawal) home fires jeane wolf daa 2011 daa vigiaan glup nawal haii. ih toor books duaara prakashit keeta giaa see. sankhep. veeh saal pahilan, jadon skip atey chell piaar witch garib university dey vidiaarthi sunn, taan unhan neey ikk yojna banaiaa uh fauj witch shamal hoow javegi atey ikk pardesi grahi utte yuddh witch ladegi, atey uh gharr rahi keey padahi karega. firr, jadon uss daa kamm daa daura khatam hoow giaa atey uh dharti utte waps aaee, taan samaan vadhan daa matlab ih hovega kii uh mushkil naal doou saal vaddi see; iss dauran, uss laee veeh saal beet gaye honge, jiss dauran uh ikk ameer vakeel bann sakda see, taan joe uh uss noon ikk trophy patni vajon lae sake. halanki, hunn jadon uh waps aaa gaee haii, taan unhan dovan neey paaiaa haii kii unhan dee yojna witch kujh kamiaan sunn. suagat. "kirks deeaan samikhiaavan neey kitaab noon" "gunjhaldar", "" "rahassmai" "atey" "aakarshak" "manniaa, jiss witch" "(aii) udas, lagbhag draun vaala" "haii. "aii.vee. club neey paaiaa kii muddhala sankalap "shandar" see, jiven kii skip atey chele vichkaar sabndh see, parr shakk see kii ih ikk poore nawal noon lae keey jaanh laee kaafi see. "ajib dishavan" neey iss noon "asadharan, gunjhaldar atey pathak laee ikk nirantar chunhauti" vajon darsaiaa atey ghatto-ghatt vishav nirman laee wolf dee shalagha keeti, ih nott karde hoye kii kise vee vistrit viaakhiaa dee anhond daa arth ih haii kii nawal ikk shakti-garib samaaj noon darsaun dey yog see joe firr vee sapekhik gatee naal antar-taara yaatra curran dey samrath see.

gruha-agnihi (upanyaasah) home-fair iti jeane-wolf ityasya 2011 tamavarshasya vijnaana-kalpita-upanyasam asti. etat torr-books ityanena prakaashitam. saaraamshaha. vimshativarshapoorvam, yadaa skip-chele-ityetau durlabhaah vishvavidyaalayasya chhaatraah preme aasan, tadaa te ekam yojanaa parikalpayan-saa senayam sammilitaa, anyagrahasy upari yuddhe yudhyati, saha gruhe eva nivasan adhyayanam cha karishyati. tatah, yadaa tasyaah kartavya-bhramanam samaaptam, saa pruthivyaam pratyaagatavatee, tadaa samay-vistaarasya arthah bhavati yat saa kevalam varshadvayam jyeshtaa aasit iti; etasmin samaye, tasya krute vimshati varshaani atikraantaani syaat, yasmin saha dhanavaan adhivaktaa bhavitum arhati, yena saha tam trophy-patneeroopen graheetum shaknoti. parantu idaaneem yadaa saa pratyaagatavatee tadaa tau ubhau api swayojanaashu katipayaani doshaani aasan iti dnyaatavantah. sweekaranam. "kirkus-sameekshaasu" idam pustakam "jatilam", "nigoodam", "sammohakam" cha iti manyante, yatra "(a) somer, praayah utkataswarah" iti. "a" iti.vi. club "mulakalpana" utkrushtam "iti dnyaatavaan, tathaiva skip-chile-ityetayoho madhye sambandhah aasit, parantu sampoornam upanyasam dhaarayitum etat paryaaptam aasit iti shankitah. "vichitra-kshitijaani" iti "asamanyam, jatilam, paatakebhyah nirantaram cha chunautee" iti varnayan, nyoonatam-vishvanirmaanasya krute wolf ityasya prashamsaam krutavaan, tathaa cha kimapi vistruta-vivaranam naa bhavet iti avadhaanam krutvaa kathitam yat, eshaa kathaa oorjaa-daridra-samajasya chitranam kartum samarthah aasit, yat tathaapi sapeksha-gatyaa nakshatraantar-yatram kartum samarthah aasit iti.

veettu thee (naaval) veettu thee enbathu 2011 aam aandu marabanu oanaai ezhuthiya ariviyal punaikathai naaval aagum. idhu doorr puththagangkalaal veliyidappattathu. surukkam. irupathu aandugalukku munbu, selle mattrum skip aagiyoar anbil aezhai palkalaikkazhaga maanavargalaaka irunththapoathu, avarkal oru thittatthai uruvaakkinar aval iraanuvaththil saernthu oru anniya kiragaththil poaril eedupaduvaal, maelum avar veettilaeyae thangki padippaar. pinnar, avarathu panii suttruppayanam mudinthathum, avar poomikkuth thirumbiyapoathu, naera virivu enbathu avar irandu vayathu mooththavar endru arththam; idharkidaiyil, irupathu aandugal avarukku kadanthirukkum, idhan poathu avar oru panakkaara vazhakkarinyaraaga mudiyum, ithanaal avar avalai oru kooppai manaiviyaaga alaiththuch sella mudiyum. iruppinum, ippoathu aval thirumbi vanthathaal, avarkal iruvarum thangal thittaththil sila kuraipaadugal iruppathai kandarindhullanar. varavaerpu. "girgus vimarsanangkal" "puththagaththai" "sikkalaanathu", "" "marmamaanathu", "mattrum" "kattaayamaanathu", "(auuu) soambar, kittatthatta proshelling thoni". "auuu.vii. kilap "adippadai karutthu" siranthathu "endru kandarindhadhu, athae poal skip mattrum selle idaiyaeyaana uravu, aanaal idhu oru muzhu naavalai eduththuch sella poathumaa endru santhekappattathu. "visithiramaana ellaikal" idhai "asaathaaranamaanathu, sikkalaanathu mattrum vaasagarukku oru nilaiyaana sawal" endru vivariththathu, maelum kurainthapatcha ulagak kattamaippirkaaga oanaayaip paaraattiyathu, endhavoru virivaana vilakkangkalum illaathathaal, naaval oru aattral-aezhai samoogaththai siththarikka mudinthathu enbathaik kurikkirathu, iruppinum idhu vinmeenkalukku idaiyilaana payanaththai saarpiyal vaekaththil seiyum thiran kondadhu.

home fires (navala) home fires anedi 2011 loe vacchina zeane wolf raasina sains fiction navala. dheenini toor books prachurinchindi. saaraamsam. iravai samvatsaraala kritam, chelle premalo unna paedha vishwavidyaalaya vidyaarthulu ayinappudu, vaaru oka pranaalikanu roopondinchaaruh aame sainyamlo chaeri, oka grahaantara graham meeda yuddhamlo pooraadutundi, mariyu athanu intlo undi chaduvukuntadu. appudu, aame vidhi paryatana puurtayi, aame bhoomiki tirigi vachinappudu, samayam vistarinchadam antey aame kevalam rendu samvatsaraalu peddadani ardham; intalo, iravai samvatsaraalu ataniki gadichevi, aaa samayamlo athanu oka sampanna nyaayavaadi kaavacchu, tadwara athanu aamenu trophy bharyaga teesukovachhu. ayithe, ippudu aame tirigi vacchina taruvaata, vaariddari pranaalikaloo konni lopaalu unnayani vaaru kanugonnaru. reception. "kircus sameekshalu eee pustakaanni" "sanklishtamainadi", "" "niguudamainadi", "mariyu" "balavantapudi" "gaa pariganinchaayi, (eah) somer, daadaapu nirutsaahapariche swaram". "eah.vii. club praathamika bhavana "atyuttamamainadi" anie kanugondi, alaage skip mariyu chelle madhya sambandham kooda, conny idhi mottam navalanu teesukelladaaniki saripotunda anie anumaaninchindi. "vintha kshitijaalu" dheenini "asaadhaaranamainavi, sanklishtamainavi, paatakulaku nirantara savaalu" gaa abhivarninchaayi, mariyu kaneesa prapancha nirmaanaaniki thodelunu prasamsimchaayi, vivaranaatmaka vivaranalu lekapovadam antey eee navala shakti-paedha samajanni chithreekarinchagaligindani, ayinappatikee saapeksha vegamtho nakshatraala madhya prayaaninchagala saamarthyam kaligi undani perkondi.

gahar kii aag (naawal) hoam fayer jaine wolf kaa 2011 kaa science fakshan naawal hay. asay torr bucks nay shaye kiyaa thaa. khalasah. bees saal pehley jabb scup aur cheelay university kay gharib taalib alam thay jinn say mohabat thee tuu inhon nay eek mansubah wazaa kiyaa: wah foj mein shaamil how kirr kasee ajnabi seeyarey parr jung laray gee aur wah gahar mein rahh kirr padhayi karay gaa. pahar jabb iss kaa deuty kaa dorah khatam hawaa aur wah zameen parr waps aayee tuu waqat kay phailao kaa matlab yaha hoga kahh wah bamashkal duu saal bury thee vovo asee doraan iss kay liye bees saal guzar chakay hoan gay jiss kay doraan wah eek ameer wakeel bunn saktaa thaa taakah wah asay trophy bewi kay toor parr lay sakay. tahim abb jabb wah waps aaa gayee hay tuu inn donon nay paaya hay kahh inn kay mansubay mein kachh khaamiyan thein. isteqbaliya. "karkas kay jaizon mein kitaab kuu" "paichidah" "yee" "prasrar" "aur" "majbur karnay waala" "samjha gayaa jiss mein" "(aaa) somber taqriba preshan kunn lehjah" "thaa. "aey.wee. kalb nay paaya kahh bunyadi tasavur "shandar" thaa jaisa kahh scaen aur cheel kay darmiyan taaluq thaa leakin shakk thaa kahh yaha eek puray naawal kuu lay jaanay kay liye kaafi thaa. "ajeeb afq" nay asay "" ghair mamuli paichidah aur qaareen kay liye eek mustaqil challenge "kay toor parr biyaan kiyaa aur kumm say kumm aalimi tameer kay liye bhediyon kii tareef kii iss baath kuu nott kartay hoay kahh kasee bhee tafsili wazahat kii adam maujudgi kaa matlab yaha hay kahh naawal eek tawanayi kay gharib muashiray kuu paish karnay kay qaabil thaa juu iss kay bawajood rishtah daar raftaar say beenn taarki safar karnay kii salahiyat rakhta thaa.

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https://en.wikisource.org/wiki?curid=80543

Heaven and Hell/63

Heaven and Hell/63 <templatestyles src="Header/styles.css" /> <templatestyles src="Header/main block/styles.css" />← ←Chapter LXII <templatestyles src="center/styles.css" /> 597. The equilibrium between heaven and hell has now been described, and it has been shown that it is an equilibrium between the good that is from heaven and the evil that is from hell, thus that it is a spiritual equilibrium, which in its essence is freedom. A spiritual equilibrium in its essence is freedom because it is an equilibrium between good and evil, and between truth and falsity, and these are spiritual. Therefore to be able to will either what is good or what is evil and to think either what is true or what is false, and to choose one in preference to the other, is the freedom which is here treated of. This freedom is given to every man by the Lord, and is never taken away; in fact, by virtue of its origin it is not man's but the Lord's, since it is from the Lord. Nevertheless, it is given to man with his life as if it were his; and this is done that man may have the ability to be reformed and saved; for without freedom there can be no reformation or salvation. With any rational intuition any one can see that it is a part of man's freedom to be able to think wrongly or rightly, sincerely or insincerely, justly or unjustly; also that he is free to speak and act rightly, honestly, and justly; but not to speak and act wrongly, insincerely, and unjustly, because of the spiritual, moral, and civil laws whereby his external is held in restraint. Evidently, then, it is man's spirit, which thinks and wills, that is in freedom, and not his external which speaks and acts, except in agreement with the above mentioned laws. 598. Man cannot be reformed unless he has freedom, for the reason that he is born into evils of every kind; and these must be removed in order that he may be saved; and they cannot be removed unless he sees them in himself and acknowledges them, and afterwards ceases to will them, and finally holds them in aversion. Not until then are they removed. And this cannot be done unless man is in good as well as in evil, since it is from good that he is able to see evils, while from evil he cannot see good. The spiritual goods that man is capable of thinking he learns from childhood by reading the Word and from preaching; and he learns moral and civil good from his life in the world. This is the first reason why man ought to be in freedom. [2] Another reason is that nothing is appropriated to man except what is done from an affection of his love. Other things may gain entrance, but no farther than the thought, not reaching the will; and whatever does not gain entrance into the will of man does not become his, for thought derives what pertains to it from memory, while the will derives what pertains to it from the life itself. Only what is from the will, or what is the same, from the affection of love, can be called free, for whatever a man wills or loves that he does freely; consequently man's freedom and the affection of his love or of his will are a one. It is for this reason that man has freedom, in order that he may be affected by truth and good or may love them, and that they may thus become as if they were his own [3] In a word, whatever does not enter into man's freedom has no permanence, because it does not belong to his love or will, and what does not belong to man's love or will does not belong to his spirit; for the very being [esse] of the spirit of man is love or will. It is said love or will, since a man wills what he loves. This, then, is why man can be reformed only in freedom. But more on the subject of man's freedom may be seen in the Arcana Coelestia in the passages referred to below. 599. In order that man may be in freedom, to the end that he may be reformed, he is conjoined in respect to his spirit both with heaven and with hell. For with every man there are spirits from hell and angels from heaven. It is by means of hell that man is in his own evil, while it is by means of angels from heaven that man is in good from the Lord; thus is he in spiritual equilibrium, that is, in freedom. That angels from heaven and spirits from hell are joined to every man may be seen in the chapter on the conjunction of heaven with the human race (n. 291-302). 600. It must be understood that the conjunction of man with heaven and with hell is not a direct conjunction with them, but a mediate conjunction by means of spirits who are in the world of spirits. These spirits, and none from hell itself or from heaven itself, are with man. By means of evil spirits in the world of spirits man is conjoined with hell, and by means of good spirits there he is conjoined with heaven. Because of this the world of spirits is intermediate between heaven and hell, and in that world is equilibrium itself. (That the world of spirits is intermediate between heaven and hell may be seen in the chapter on the world of spirits, n. 421-431; and that the essential equilibrium between heaven and hell is there may be seen in the preceding chapter, n. 589-596.) From all this the source of man's freedom is evident. 601. Something more must be said about the spirits that are joined with man. An entire society can have communication with another society, or with an individual wherever he is; by means of a spirit sent forth from the society; this spirit is called the subject of the many. The same is true of man's conjunction with societies in heaven, and with societies in hell, by means of spirits from the world of spirits that are joined with man. (On this subject see also the Arcana Coelestia in the passages referred to below.) 602. Finally something must be said respecting man's intuition in regard to his life after death which is derived from the influx of heaven into man. There were some of the simple common people who had lived in the world in the good of faith who were brought back into a state like that in which they had been in the world, which can be done with any one when the Lord grants it; and it was then shown what opinion they had held about the state of man after death. They said that some intelligent persons had asked them in the world what they thought about their soul after the life on earth; and they replied that they did not know what the soul is. They were then asked what they believed about their state after death; and they said that they believed that they would live as spirits. Again they were asked what belief they had respecting a spirit; and they said that he is a man. They were asked how they knew this; and they said that they knew it because it is so. Those intelligent men were surprised that the simple had such a faith, which they themselves did not have. This is a proof that in every man who is in conjunction with heaven there is an intuition respecting his life after death. This intuition is from no other source than an influx out of heaven, that is, through heaven from the Lord by means of spirits from the world of spirits who are joined with man. This intuition those have who have not extinguished their freedom of thinking by notions previously adopted and confirmed by various arguments respecting the soul of man, which is held to be either pure thought, or some vital principle the seat of which is sought for in the body; and yet the soul is nothing but the life of man, while the spirit is the man himself; and the earthly body which he carries about with him in the world is merely an agent whereby the spirit, which is the man himself, is enabled to act fitly in the natural world. 603. What has been said in this work about heaven, the world of spirits, and hell, will be obscure to those who have no interest in learning about spiritual truths, but will be clear to those who have such an interest, and especially to those who have an affection for truth for the sake of truth, that is, who love truth because it is truth; for whatever is then loved enters with light into the mind's thought, especially truth that is loved, because all truth is in light. Extracts From The Acana COoelestia Respecting The Freedom Of Man, Influx, and The Spirits Through Whom Communications are Effected. Freedom. All freedom pertains to love or affection, since whatever a man loves he does freely (n. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). Since freedom pertains to love it is the life of everyone (n. 2873). Nothing appears to be man's own except what is from freedom (n. 2880). There is heavenly freedom and infernal freedom (n. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2] Heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the love of good and truth (n. 1947, 2870, 2872). And as the love of good and truth is from the Lord freedom itself consists in being led by the Lord (n. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892, 9096, 9586, 9587, 9589-9591). Man is led into heavenly freedom by the Lord through regeneration (n. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). Man must have freedom in order to be regenerated (n. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). In no other way can the love of good and truth be implanted in man, and appropriated by him seemingly as his own (n. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). Nothing is conjoined to man in a state of compulsion (n. 2875, 8700). If man could be reformed by compulsion all would be saved (n. 2881). In reformation compulsion is harmful (n. 4031). All worship from freedom is worship, but worship from compulsion is not worship (n. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). Repentance must be effected in a free state, and repentance effected in a state of compulsion is of no avail (n. 8392). States of compulsion, what they are (n. 8392). [3] It is granted to man to act from the freedom of reason, to the end that good may be provided for him, and this is why man has the freedom to think and will even what is evil, and to do it so far as the laws do not forbid (n. 10777). Man is kept by the Lord between heaven and hell, and thus in equilibrium, that he may be in freedom for the sake of reformation (n. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). What is implanted in freedom endures, but not what is implanted under compulsion (n. 9588). For this reason no one is ever deprived of his freedom (n. 2876, 2881). The Lord compels no one (n. 1937, 1947). Compelling one's self is from freedom, but not being compelled (n. 1937, 1947). A man ought to compel himself to resist evil (n. 1937, 1947, 7914). Also to do good as if from himself, and yet to acknowledge that it is from the Lord (n. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). Man has a stronger freedom in the temptation combats in which he conquers, since he then compels himself more interiorly to resist, although it appears otherwise (n. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] Infernal freedom consists in being led by the loves of self and of the world and their lusts (n. 2870, 2873). Those who are in hell know no other freedom (n. 2871). Heavenly freedom is as far removed from infernal freedom as heaven is from hell (n. 2873, 2874). Infernal freedom, which consists in being led by the loves of self and of the world, is not freedom but servitude (n. 2884, 2890). For servitude is in being led by hell (n. 9586, 9589-9591). Influx. [5] All things that man thinks and wills flow into him from experience (n. 904, 2886-2888, 4151, 4319, 4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199, 6213, 7147, 10219). Man's capacity to give attention to subjects, to think, and to draw conclusions analytically, is from influx (n. 4319, 4320, 5288). Man could not live a single moment if influx from the spiritual world were taken away from him; from experience (n. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). The life that flows in from the Lord varies in accordance with the state of man and in accordance with reception (n. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). With those who are evil the good that flows in from the Lord is changed into evil, and the truth into falsity; from experience (n. 3642, 4632). The good and truth that continually flow in from the Lord are received just to the extent that they are not hindered by evil and falsity (n. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6] All good flows in from the Lord, and all evil from hell (n. 904, 4151). At the present day man believes that all things are in himself and are from himself, when in fact they flow in; and this he might know from the doctrine of the church, which teaches that all good is from God, and all evil from the devil (n. 4249, 6193, 6206). But if man's belief were in accord with this doctrine he would not appropriate evil to himself nor would he make good to be his own (n. 6206, 6324, 6325). How happy man's state would be if he believed that all good flows in from the Lord and all evil from hell. (n. 6325). Those who deny heaven or who know nothing about it do not know that there is any influx from heaven (n. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). What influx is, illustrated by comparisons (n. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] Everything of life flows in from the first fountain of life, because that is the source of it; and it continually flows in thus everything of life is from the Lord (n. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320, 4417, 4524, 4882, 5847, 5986, 6325, 6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). Influx is spiritual and not physical, that is, influx is from the spiritual world into the natural, and not from the natural into the spiritual (n. 3219, 5119, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). Influx is through the internal man into the external, or through the spirit into the body, and not the reverse, because the spirit of man is in the spiritual world, and his body in the natural (n. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 5119, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). The internal man is in the spiritual world and the external in the natural world (n. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709, 10156, 10472). There is an appearance that there is an influx from the externals of man into internals, but this is a fallacy (n. 3721). With man there is influx into things rational, and through these into knowledges, and not the reverse (n. 1495, 1707, 1940). What the order of influx is (n. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). There is direct influx from the Lord, and likewise mediate influx through the spiritual world or heaven (n. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). The Lord's influx is into the good in man, and through good into truth, and not the reverse (n. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). Good gives the capacity to receive influx from the Lord, but truth without good does not (n. 8321). Nothing that flows into the thought is harmful, but only what flows into the will, since this is what is appropriated to man (n. 6308). [8] There is a general influx (n. 5850). This is a continual effort to act in accordance with order (n. 6211). This influx is into the lives of animals (n. 5850). Also into the subjects of the vegetable kingdom (n. 3648). It is in accord with this general influx that thought falls into speech with man, and will into acts and movements (n. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). Subject Spirits. [9] Spirits sent forth from societies of spirits to other societies and to other spirits, are called "subjects" (n. 4403, 5856). Communications in the other life are effected by means of such emissary spirits (n. 4403, 5856, 5983). A spirit sent forth to serve as a subject does not think from himself, but thinks from those by whom he is sent forth (n. 5985-5987). Many particulars relating to such spirits (n. 5988, 5989).

sworgo aaru norok/63 <unk> odhyay lxii 597. sworgo aaru norokor maajor xamonjosyo etiya bornona koraa hoise, aaru eitu prodorxon koraa hoise je ee hoise bhalor maajot ek xamonjosyo ji hoise sworgor poraa aaru norokor poraa ohaa dustota, enedore ee ek adhyatmik xamonjosyo, jitur mool kotha hoh "lo swadhinota. adhyatmik iyar mulor bhitorot xamyawostha hoise swadhinota kaaron ee ek xamyawostha. bhaal aaru beyar maajot, aaru xotyo aaru misar maajot, aaru eibur hoh 'lo adhyatmik. xeyehe ji bhaal baa ki bhaal xeya koriboloi xokhyom hoh 'boloi beyaa aaru ki xosa baa ki misa buli chinta koraa, aaru aanor tulnat etaa basoni korok, eyaa hoh 'lo swadhinota ji iyat aase sikitsa koraa hoy. ei swadhinota protijon manuhok probhuwe dise, aaru ketiyau aatorai niya huwa naai; aasolote, iyar utpottir baabe ee manuhor nohoy. kintu probhur, kiyonu ee probhur poraa aahise. tothapiu diya hoy manuhor proti teur jiwanor dore; aaru eitu koraa hoy jaate manuhe nijor jiwanor proti lokhyo rakhibo paare. xongskar aaru rokhya korar khyomota aase; kiyonu taat swadhinota naai kunu xongskar baa mukti hoh "bob nuware. jikunu juktixongot ontorgyanor xoite manuhe dekhibo paare je chinta koriboloi xokhyom huwatu manuhor swadhinotar etaa ongxo. bhul baa xothikbhabe, antorikotare baa nisthahinbhabe, nyayxongot baa onyaybhabe; logote teu xothikbhabe, xotbhabe aaru nyayxongotobhabe kotha patiboloi aaru kaam koriboloi swadhin; kintu bhulkoi, nisthahinbhabe, aaru onyaybhabe kotha nok 'boloi aaru kaam nokoriboloi, kiyonu adhyatmik, noitik aaru dewani aainxomuhor zo 'too teur bahyik rokha hoy xongzomot. spostobhabe, teneh "ley, eyaa manuhor aatma, jiye bhaabe aaru issaxomuh, xeitu swadhinotar bhitorot aase, aaru teur bahyik nohoy ji kotha koy aaru uporot ullekh koraa aainxomuhor xoite xonmotir baahire karzoxomuh. 598. swadhinota obihone manuhor xongskar koribo nuwari, karontu hoh "lo je teu xokolu dhoronor kutxito jonmo loiche; aaru eibur aatorabo lagibo jaate teu rokhya paay; aaru teur obihone teulukok aatorai peluwa nayay. teulukok nijor bhitorot dekhe aaru teulukok swikar kore, aaru pisot bondho kore teulukok koribo, aaru owoxexot teulukok biroktito rakhibo. tetiyaloike nohoy teuluke aatorai pelaisil. aaru manuhor bhaal nuhuwaloike eitu koribo nuwari. jenekoi beyaa, jihetu bhalor porai teu beyaa dekhiboloi xokhyom hoy, aanhate beyar poraa teu bhaal saab nuware. manuhor xamorthyo thoka adhyatmik xamogrixomuh ei xobdotu porhi teu xoixowor porai xikiche aaru iyar poraa xikiche. prosar koraa; aaru teu nijor jiwanor poraa noitik aaru nagorik kolyan xikiche. biswo. eituwei manuh swadhin huwar prothom kaaron. [2]] aan etaa kaaron hoh "lo manuhor baabe ki byobohar koraa hoy taar baahire eku nirdharon koraa nohoy. teur premor moromor poraa koraa. aan bostubure prowex koribo paare, kintu chintar poraa besi dur nohoy, issat uponeet nohoy; aaru ji nohouk kiyo manuhor issat prowex nokorile teur nohoy, kiyonu chintar xoite iyar ki xomporkito smritir poraa aahoron koraa hoy, aanhate issa iyar xoite xomporkito bostu jiwanor porai aahoron koraa hoy. kewol kir poraa premor moromor poraa issa, baa ekei ki hoh 'bob paare, hoh' bob paare mukto buli kuwa hoy, ejon manuhe ji issa baa bhaal paay taar baabe ji teu swadhinbhabe kore; pholsworupe manuhor swadhinota aaru teur prem baa teur premor morom etaa hoh 'bob. ei karonei manuhor swadhinota aase, kromot jaate teu xotyo aaru bhalor dwara probhabito hoh 'bob paare baa teulukok bhaal paab paare, aaru eidore teuluke zen etaa xobdot teur nijor [3] hoi poribo paare, ji nohouk kiyo. manuhor swadhinotat prowex nokorile kunu sthayita nathake, kiyonu ee teur prem baa issar ontorgoto nohoy, aaru ji manuhor ontorgoto nohoy prem baa issa teur aatmar nohoy; kaaron xei xottare [ese]] manuhor aatma hoise prem baa issa. iyak prem baa issa buli kuwa hoy, jihetu ejon manuhe ji bhaal paay xeitu bisare. teneh "ley, xeyehe manuhok xongskar koribo paari. kewol swadhinotat. kintu manuhor swadhinotar bixoyot odhik dekha jaabo paare tolot ullekh koraa khondoburor arkana colestiat. 599. jaate manuh swadhin hoy, xexoloike jaate teu hoh 'bob paare xongskarito, teu sworgor xoite teur aatmar xondorbhot xongzukto hoy aaru jahannamor xoite. kiyonu protijon manuhor logot norokor aatma aase aaru sworgor poraa ohaa dute. norokor joriyote manuh nijor bhitorot thaake. beyaa, jodiu sworgor dutere manuh bhalot aase bhogowanor poraa; eidore teu adhyatmik xamyawosthat aase, orthat, swadhinota. je sworgor poraa ohaa dute aaru norokor aatmar xoite xongzukto hoy sworgor xongzugor uporot odhyaytut protijon manuhok dekha puwa jaabo paare manob jaatir xoite (eno. 291-302). 600. eitu buji paab lagibo je sworgor xoite manuhor xongzug aaru norokor xoite teulukor xoite proityokhyo xongzug nohoy, kintu modhyosthotakor. aatmar jogotkhonot thoka aatmar joriyote xongzug. ei atmabur, aaru norokor poraa baa sworgor poraa ekuwei nohoy, manuhor logot. aatmar prithibit dusto aatmar joriyote manuh hoise norokor xoite xongzukto, aaru bhaal aatmar joriyote teu taat aase sworgor xoite xongzukto. iyar baabei aatmar prithibikhon hoise sworgo aaru norokor maajot modhyoworti, aaru xei prithibit nijei xamonjosyo. (je aatmar prithibitu modhyoworti sworgo aaru norokor maajor prithibir odhyaytut dekha puwa jaabo paare aatma, eno. 421-431; aaru xeixomuhor maajot thoka otyawosyokiyo xamonjosyo sworgo aaru norok aase, purbor odhyayot dekha puwa jaabo paare, eno. 589-596.) ei xokoluburor poraa manuhor swadhinotar utxo sposto. 601. xongzukto huwa aatmar bixoye aaru kiba etaa koo 'bob lagibo manuhor logot. etaa xomogro xomajor aan etaa xomajor xoite jugajug thakibo paare. xomaj, baa ejon byoktir xoite teu zo 'tei thakok; etaa aatmar joriyote xomajor poraa preron koraa; ei monubhawok bixoy buli kuwa hoy bohu. sworgor xomajor xoite manuhor xongzugor khetrotu ekei kotha khaate, aaru norokor xomajor xoite, prithibir aatmar joriyote manuhor xoite xongzukto aatma. (ei bixoyot sauk tolot ullekh koraa khondoburot arkana colestia.) 602. owoxexot manuhor ontordristik xonman jonai kiba etaa koo 'bob lagibo. mrityur pisot teur jiwanor proti lokhyo raakhi ji prowahor poraa udbhob hoy manuhor maajot sworgo. kisuman xadharon xadharon luk aasil jixokolor biswaxere prithibit baax korisil, jaak ek bhaal owosthat ghurai onaa hoisil. prithibit teuluk ji rajyot aasil, xei rajyo, jitu hoh 'bob paare jetiya bhogowane iyak prodan kore tetiya jikunur xoite koraa hoy; aaru taar pisot iyak ki dekhuuwa hoisil mrityur pisot manuhor owosthar bixoye teuluke motamot rakhisil. teuluke koichil je kisuman buddhiman byoktiye prithibit teulukok xudhisil je teuluke ki prithibit jiwanor pisot teulukor aatmar bixoye chinta korisil; aaru teuluke uttor disil je teuluke aatmatu ki xeitu najanisil. tetiya teulukok xudha hoisil ki teuluke mrityur pisot nijor owosthar bixoye biswax korisil; aaru teuluke koichil je teuluke teuluke aatma hisape jiyai thakibo buli biswax korisil. teulukok punor xudhile ki biswax korisil je teuluke etaa aatmak xonman korisil; aaru teuluke koichil je teu ejon manuh. teulukok xudha hoisil je teuluke eitu kenekoi janisil; aaru teuluke koichil je teuluke eitu jaane. kaaron xeituwei hoy. xei buddhiman lukoxokole aasorit hoisil je xadharon lukor ene biswax aasil, jitu teulukor nijor nasil. eituwei etaa proman je sworgor xoite xongzukto protijon manuhor maajot aase mrityur pisot teur jiwanak xonman jonuwa ek ontorgyan. ei ontorgyantu iyar poraa sworgor poraa ohaa prowahor baahire aan kunu utxo naai, orthat sworgor maajere. aatmar jogotor aatmar joriyote probhur poraa manuhor logot jug disil. ei ontorgyantu jixokolor aase jixokole nirbapito huwa naai purbote grohon koraa aaru nischito koraa dharonar dwara teulukor sintadharar swadhinota manuhor aatmak xonman kori bibhinno juktir dwara, jaak dhora hoy hoy bixudho chinta, baa kunu guruttopurno niti jaar aaxon hoh 'lo xorirot bisari aasil; aaru tothapiu aatmatu jiwanor baahire aan eku nohoy. manuh, aanhate aatma nijei manuh; aaru prithibir xorir ji teu prithibit teur xoite loi juwa kewol ejon agent jaar dwara aatma, ji nijei manuh, taat upojuktobhabe kaam koriboloi xokhyom hoy prakritik prithibi. 603. sworgor bixoye ei kormot ki kuwa hoise, prithibikhon aatma aaru norok, jixokolor kunu aagroh naai teulukor baabe osposto hoi thakibo. adhyatmik xotyor bixoye xika, kintu jixokolor aase teulukor baabe sposto hoh 'bob ene ek aagroh, aaru bixexkoi teulukor baabe jixokolor proti bhalbaxa aase xotyor baabe xotyo, orthat, jixokole xotyok bhaal paay kaaron ee hoise xotyo; kiyonu tetiya ji prem koraa hoy xeya puhoror xoite monor bhitorot prowex kore. chinta, bixexkoi priyo xotyo, kiyonu xokolu xotyoi iyar bhitorot aase. puhor. manuhor swadhinota, prowex aaru aatmar proti xonman jonai aakana quilestier poraa niskaxito koraa jaar joriyote jugajug probhabito hoy. swadhinota. xokolu swadhinota prem baa moromor xoite jorito, jihetu ji nohouk kiyo ejon manuhe prem kore teu muktobhabe kore (eno. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). jihetu swadhinota premor xoite jorito, xeyehe ee xokolure jiwan. (eno. 2873). jir poraa aahise taar baahire ekuwei manuhor nijor zen nalage swadhinota (eno. 2880). sworgiyo swadhinota aaru jahannamor swadhinota aase (eno. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the bhaal aaru xotyor prem (eno. 1947, 2870, 2872). aaru bhaal aaru xotyor prem bhogowanor swadhinotar poraa hoy. swoyong bhogowanor dwara porisalito huwatu ontorbhukto (eno. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). manuhok probhuwe sworgiyo swadhinotaloi loi yaay punorujjibon (eno. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). punor sristi hoh 'boloi manuhor swadhinota thakibo lagibo (eno. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). bhaal aaru xotyor prem aan kunu dhorone hoh "bob nuware. manuhor bhitorot rupon koraa hoisil, aaru teur dwara teur dore apatdristito nirdharon koraa hoisil nijor (eno. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). kunu bostui manuhor xoite badhyotamulok owosthat xongzukto nohoy (eno. 2875, 8700). jodi badhyo hoi manuhok xongskar koribo paari tente xokoluwei rokhya paab. (eno. 2881). xongoskarot badhyobadhokota kyotikarok (eno. 4031). swadhinotar poraa xokolu upaxona hoise upaxona, kintu swadhinotar poraa puja koraa hoy. badhyobadhokota puja nohoy (eno. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). onutap ek mukto owosthat probhabito hoh 'bob lagibo, aaru badhyobadhokotar owosthat probhabito onutapor kunu ortho naai. xubidha (eno. 8392). badhyobadhokotar owostha, xeibur ki (eno. 8392). [3] manuhok swadhinotar poraa kaam korar onumoti diya hoy kaaron, xexoloike je teuk bhaal prodan koraa hoh 'bob paare, aaru xeyehe manuhor chinta korar swadhinota aase aaru aanoki issau aase. beyaa ki, aaru aainor mote koraa naai nixedh korok (eno. 10777). sworgo aaru norokor maajot probhuwe manuhok raakhe, aaru enedore xamonjosyot, jaate teu swadhinota laabh koribo paare xongskar (eno. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). swadhinotat ji rupon koraa hoy xeya sthayi hoy, kintu ji nohoy badhyotamulokbhabe rupon koraa (eno. 9588). ei karonot kuneu ketiyau teur swadhinotar poraa bonchito nohoy (eno. 2876, 2881). bhogowane kaaku badhyo nokore (eno. 1937, 1947). nijok probol koratu swadhinotar poraa, kintu huwar poraa nohoy badhyo koraa (eno. 1937, 1947). ejon manuhe dustota protirudh koriboloi nijoke badhyo koribo laage (eno. 1937, 1947, 7914). logote nijor poraa bhaal korar dore, aaru etiyau swikar koriboloi je ee bhogowanor poraa aahise (eno. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). prolubhonor jujot manuhor ek xoktixali swadhinota aase jaak teu joy kore, jihetu tetiya teu nijoke odhik badhyo kore obhyontorinbhabe protirudh koriboloi, jodiu ee onyotha dekha yaay (eno. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] jahannamor swadhinota hoise premor dwara porisalito huwa. swo aaru prithibi aaru teulukor kaam-kaaj (eno. 2870, 2873). jixokole norokot aase teuluke aan kunu swadhinota najane (eno. 2871). sworgiyo swadhinota jahannamor swadhinotar poraa bohu duroit. jihetu sworgo norokor poraa aahise (eno. 2873, 2874). premor dwara porisalito huwar bhitorot thoka jahannamor swadhinota nijor aaru prithibir, swadhinota nohoy kintu daxotwo (eno. 2884, 2890). kaaron daxotwo hoise norokor dwara porisalito huwa (eno. 9586, 9589-9591). prowex. [5] manuhe chinta koraa aaru issa koraa xokolu bostu teur bhitorot prowahito hoy. obhigyotar poraa (eno. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). manuhor bixoiburot monujug diya, chinta korar khyomota, aaru bislexonatmokbhabe xiddhanto luwatu hoh "lo prowahor poraa (eno. 4319, 4320, 5288). manuh etaa muhurtou jiyai thakibo nuware jodi iyar poraa prowex hoy adhyatmik jogot teur poraa aatorai niya hoisil; obhigyotar poraa (eno. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). bhogowanor poraa prowahito jiwan xei onuxori prithok hoy manuhor owosthar xoite aaru obhyorthona onuxori (eno. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). jixokol beyaa teulukor xoite bhalbur ji iyar poraa prowahito hoy bhogowan dustoloi aaru xotyo misaloi poribortito hoy; obhigyotar poraa (eno. 3642, 4632). bhaal aaru xotyo ji xoday probhur poraa prowahito hoy kewol enedorei grohon koraa hoy jaate xeibur baadha nohoy dustota aaru misar dwara (eno. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6. xokolu bhaal bostu probhur poraa aahe, aaru xokolu beyaa bostu probhur poraa aahise. norok (eno. 904, 4151). bortoman xomoyot manuhe biswax kore je xokolu bostu taat aase. nijor poraa aaru nijor poraa, jetiya prokritote xeibur prowahito hoy; aaru eitu teu girjar motobador poraa janibo paare, ji xikhya diye je xokolu bhaal isworor poraa, aaru xokolu beyaa isworor poraa. xoyotan (eno. 4249, 6193, 6206). kintu jodi manuhor biswax ei motobador xoite xongoti raakhe tente teu nijor baabe beyaa koribo nuware aaru teu koribou nuware teur nijor huwatu bhaal (eno. 6206, 6324, 6325). manuhor rajyo kiman xukhi hoh 'bob jodi teu biswax korisil je xokolu bhaal bostu probhur poraa aahe aaru xokolu beyaa bostu norokor poraa aahise. (eno. 6325). jixokole sworgok oswikar kore baa jixokole iyar bixoye eku najane teuluke nokoy. jaanok je sworgor poraa jikunu prowah aase (eno. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). prowah ki, tulonar dwara sitrito (eno. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] prothom fuwaror poraa jiwanor xokolu prowahito hoy jiwan, kiyonu xeituwei iyar utxo; aaru ee xodayei enedore prowahito hoy jaate jiwanor xokolu bostu bhogowanor poraa aahe (eno. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). prowah adhyatmik aaru xaririk nohoy, orthat prowah hoise adhyatmik jogotor poraa prakritik jogotoloi, aaru iyar poraa nohoy prakritik adhyatmikot (eno. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). abhyontorin manuhor joriyote bahyik prowex hoy, baa aatmar joriyote xorirot prowex korok, biporit nohoy, kiyonu manuhor aatma adhyatmik jogotote aase, aaru teur xorirtu prakritik (eno. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). abhyontorin manuh adhyatmik jogotote aase aaru prakritik prithibit bahyik (eno. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). ene dekha goise je iyar poraa prowah hoise manuhor bahyik ongxobur abhyontorin ongxoloi, kintu eitu etaa bhul (eno. 3721). manuhor khetrot juktixongot bostuburor prowex aase, aaru iyar joriyote eibur gyanot porinot hoy, aaru iyar biporit nohoy (eno. 1495, 1707, 1940). prowahor krom ki (eno. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). probhur poraa proityokhyo prowah hoy, aaru ekedore modhyosthota korok adhyatmik jogot baa sworgor maajere prowex (eno. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). probhur prowex manuhor bhitoror bhalor bhitorot aase, aaru iyar joriyote xotyor xoite bhaal, aaru iyar biporit nohoy (eno. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). bhaal bostuwe bhogowanor poraa prowah laabh korar khyomota diye, kintu bhaal obihone xotyo nohoy (eno. 8321). chintar bhitorot prowahito huwa kunu bostu kyotikarok nohoy, kintu kewol issat ki prowahito hoy, jihetu eituwei manuhor baabe nirdharito (eno. 6308). [8] etaa xadharon prowah aase (eno. 5850). eitu nirdisto nirdexona onuxori kaam korar ek nirontor prochesta. (eno. 6211). ei prowah jibo-jontur jiwanat hoy (eno. 5850). logote xaak-pasoli rajyor bixoixomuhor khetrotu (eno. 3648). ei xadharon prowahor xoite xongoti raakhii bhabisil manuhor logot kotha patiboloi aaru karjyo koriboloi issa koriboloi aaru andulonxomuh (eno. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). bixoy aatma. [9] aatmar xomajor poraa aan xomajoloi preron koraa aatma xomaj aaru onyanyo aatmar baabe, "bixoy" buli kuwa hoy (eno. 4403, 5856). onyo jiwanat jugajugxomuh iyar joriyote probhabito hoy ene dutor aatma (eno. 4403, 5856, 5983). bixoy hisape xewa aagborhaboloi pothiuwa atmatuwe chinta nokore nijor poraa, kintu teur dwara pothuwa lukoxokolor poraa chinta kore aagoloi (eno. 5985-5987). ene aatmar xoite xomporkito bohutu biboron (eno. 5988, 5989).

swarga oo norok/63 <unk> adhyay ell. shee. aaee 597. swarga oo noroker modhye bharsamyo ekhon bornona koraa hoyeche, ebong etty dekhano hoyeche jey etty valer modhye ekti bharsamyo jaa swarga theke ebong norok theke assa mondo, eibhabe jey etty ekti adhyattik bharsamyo, jaa taar mool vishay holl swadhinota. adhyattik bharsamyo holl taar sarmormer modhye swadhinota kaaron etty ekti bharsamyo. vall ebong monder modhye, ebong satya ebong mithyar modhye, ebong eguli holl adhyattik. taai jaa valo baa jaa valo taa korte sokkhom haoya kharap ebong konta satya baa konta mithya taa chinta koraa, ebong onnotir theke ekti beche neen, jaa ekhane royeche taa holl swadhinota. chikitsa koraa hoy. eyi swadhinota prottek manushke bhogobaner dwara deoa hoyeche, ebong kokhono kede neoa hoyney; asle, err utser karone etty manusher noy. kintu prabhur, kaaron etty prabhur kachh theke. tobey, deoa hoyeche manusher kachhe taar jeebon niye jeno etty taar; ebong etty koraa hoy jaate manush paare sangoskar oo sanrakkhaner khomota royeche; kaaron sekhane swadhinota nei konao sangoskar baa poritran hotey paare naa. jey konao juktisangato antardrishti soho keu dekhte paay jey, chinta korte sokkhom haoya manusher swadhinotar ekti ongsho. bhul baa sothik, antorikbhabe baa antorikbhabe, nyayasangata baa anyajyabhabe; echhadao tini sathikbhabe, sototar saathe ebong nyayasangatabhabe kotha bolte ebong kaaj korte swadhin; kintu bhul kotha bolla ebong anyaybhabe, antorikbhabe ebong anyaybhabe kaaj naa koraa, kaaron adhyattik, noitik ebong dewani aain jaar madhyome taar bahyik dharon koraa hoy songjome. sposhtotoi, tahle, etty manusher atma, jaa chinta korey ebong ichchaguli, jaa swadhinotai royeche, ebong taar bahyik noy jaa kotha boley ebong uporokto aainer saathe sammati byatito aain. 598. swadhinota naa thakle manusher sangoskar koraa yaay naa, kaaron jey seey sobb dharaner mondotar modhye jonmogrohon koreche ebong eguli aboshyoi aposaron korte hobey jaate tini poritran petey paren; ebong tini naa thakle taader aposaron koraa jaabe naa. taader nijer modhye dekhe ebong taader sweekar korey, ebong porey bondho korey deyo taaraa korbe, ebong abosheshe taader biroktir modhye dhorey rakhbe. totodin porjonto noy taaraa sariye diyeche. ebong manush valo naa thakle etty koraa jaabe naa. monder moto, jehetu vall thekei seey mondo dekhte paay, mondo theke seey valo dekhte paay naa. adhyattik ponno jaa manush sokkhom eyi shobdoti porar madhyome tini shaishab theke shekhen ebong prochar koraa; ebong tini taanr jeebon theke noitik oo nagrik kalyan shikhen bishwa. etai prothom kaaron jey manusher swadhin haoya uchito. [2]] arekti kaaron holl, jaa achhe taa chhada arr kichui manusher kachhe baradda koraa hoy naa. taanr bhalobasar sneho theke koraa. anyanno jinis probesh korte paare, kintu chintar cheye beshi doore noy, ichchai pouchono yaay naa; ebong jaai hoke naa keena manusher ichchai probesh naa korle taa taar hoye yaay naa, kaaron chintati smriti theke jaa somporkito taa orjon korey, jokhon ichcha jeebon thekei err sange jaa jorito taa pawa yaay. jaa theke bhalobasar sneho theke ichcha, baa jaa ekoi, taa hotey paare jaake mukto bolla hoy, ekjon manush jaa chaay baa bhalobase taar jonno jaa seey abadhe korey; falaswarup manusher swadhinota ebong taar bhalobasar baa taar bhalobasar sneho hobey eka. eyi karonei manusher swadhinota achhe, jaate seey satya oo mongoler dwara probhabito hotey paare athoba taader bhalobaste paare, ebong eibhabe taaraa emon hoye jete paare jeno taaraa eka kothai taanr nijer [3], jaai hoke naa keena manusher swadhinotai probesh naa korar konao sthayitto nei, kaaron etty jaa manusher noy, taa taar bhalobasa baa ichchar noy. prem baa ichcha taanr atmar ontorgoto noy; kaaron seii sotta [prokrito]] manusher atma holl prem baa ichcha. bolla hoy, prem baa ichcha, jehetu ekjon manush jaa pochondo korey taai chaay. eyi karonei manushke sangoskar koraa jete paare. shudhumatra swadhinotai. kintu manusher swadhinota somporke arow kichhu dekha jete paare. neeche ullikhito passage arkana colestia. 599. jaate manush swadhin hoy, shesh porjonto seey sangoskar koraa hoyeche, tini swarger saathe taanr atmar saathe sangjukto. ebong noroker saathe. kaaron prottek manusher sange norok theke atma aase ebong swarga theke fereshtara. noroker madhyomei manush taar nijer modhye royeche. mondo, jodio swarga theke fereshtader madhyome manush vall abosthai royeche prabhur kachh theke; eibhabe tini adhyattik bharsamye royechen, arthat, swadhinota. jey swarga theke fereshtagon ebong norok theke atmara jukto hoy prottek manushke swarger sangjoger adhyaye dekha jete paare manabjatir saathe (enn. 291-302). 600. etaa aboshyoi bujhte hobey jey, manusher sange swarger sangjog ebong jahannamer sange taader sarasari sangjog noy, borong modhyosthota. atmar jogote thaka atmar madhyome sangjog. eyi atmara, ebong norok theke baa swarga theke keui noy, purusher sange. atmar jogote mondo atmader madhyome manush noroker sange jukto, ebong sekhane tini vall atmar madhyome swarger sange jukto. eyi karone atmar jagat swarga oo noroker modhyoborti, ebong seii jogote bharsamyo nijei. (jey atmar jagat modhyoborti swarga oo noroker modhye bishwer adhyaye dekha jete paare spirits, enn. 421-431; ebong jey ubhoyer modhye prayojaniya bharsamyo purboborti adhyaye swarga oo norok dekha jete paare, enn. 589-596.) eyi sobb theke manusher swadhinotar utso sposhto. 601. jey atmara jukto hoyeche seey somporke arow kichhu bolla aboshyok purusher sange. ekti somogro samaj onner sange jogajog rakhte paare. samaj, athoba konao byaktir sange, seey jekhanei thakuk naa keena; ekti atmar madhyome samaj theke prerito; eyi atmake bolla hoy vishay onek. swarger samajer sange manusher sangjoger khettreo ekoi kotha prajojya, ebong norke samajgulir saathe, bishwer atmar madhyome manusher sange jukto atma. (eyi bishoyeo dekhun neeche ullikhito passage arkana colestia.) 602. porisheshe manusher antardrishtike somman janiye kichhu bolla aboshyok mrityur porr taanr jeebon somporke jaa taar probaho theke udbhuto hoy manusher modhye swarga. kichhu sadharan manush chhilen jaaraa biswase bhalbhabe prithibite baas korten jaderke ekti deshe firiye aanaa hoyechilo taaraa jey jogote chhilo, seii abostha, jaa hotey paare jokhon prabhu taa manjur corren tokhon jey karur saathe koraa hoy; ebong tarpor etty dekhano hoy mrityur porr manusher abostha somporke taader motamot chhilo. taaraa boley jey kichhu buddhiman byakti taader jigyasa korechilen jey taaraa kii prithibite jeeboner porr taaraa taader atmar kotha bhebechilo ebong taaraa uttor diyechilo jey taaraa jaanto naa atma qee. tokhon taader jigyasa koraa hoy jey, taaraa mrityur porr taader abostha somporke biswas koroto ebong bolechilo jey, biswas korten jey, taanra atmar moto banchben. abar taader jigyasa koraa hoyechilo jey, biswas koroto jey taaraa ekti atmake somman koroto ebong taaraa bolechilo jey seey ekjon manush. taader jigyasa koraa hoyechilo jey taaraa kibhabe etty janoto ebong taaraa bolechilo jey taaraa etty jaane. kaaron, taa-ee. seii buddhiman byaktira abak hoyechilen jey, soroler emon biswas chhilo, jaa taader nijeder chhilo naa. eyi holl ekti proman jey protiti manusher modhye jini swarger saathe sangjukto royechen mrityur porr taanr jeebonke somman korar ekti antardrishti. eyi antardrishti theke swarga theke arthat swarger modhyo diye assa probaho chhada onno konao utso nei. atmar jogoto theke atmar madhyome prabhur kachh theke jaaraa purusher sange jog deena. eyi antardrishti taader achhe jaaraa shesh hoyney purbe grihito ebong nischito dharonagulir dwara taader chintabhabnar swadhinota manusher atmake somman janiye bivinno jukti dwara, jaa boley dhora hoy hoy bishuddho chinta, athoba kichhu guruttopurno neeti jaar kendra holl shorire khonja hoy; ebong tobuo atma jeeboner jeebon chhada arr kichui noy. manush, jodio atma nijei manush; ebong parthib shorir jaa tini jogote taanr saathe bohon corren cable ekti protinidhi jaar dwara atma, jaa nize manush, taar modhye upojuktobhabe kaaj korte sokkhom hoy prakritik jogoto. 603. swarga somporke eyi kaaje jaa bolla hoyeche, jaader konao agroho nei taader kachhe atma ebong norok osposhto thakbe. adhyattik satyaguli somporke sheikha, kintu jaader achhe taader kachhe taa sposhto hobey eyi dharaner agroho, ebong bishesh korey taader jonno jaader proti bhalobasa royeche sotter jonno satya, arthat, jaaraa sottoke bhalobase kaaron etty satya; kaaron jaa bhalobasa hoy taa alor saathe moner modhye probesh korey. chinta, bishesh korey satya jaa bhalobasar kaaron samasta sotter modhye royeche alo. manusher swadhinota, probaho ebong jey atmar madhyome jogajog probhabito hoy taar proti somman janiye akana quilestia theke nirjas. swadhinota. samasta swadhinota prem baa sneher saathe somporkito, kaaron jaai hoke naa keena ekjon manush bhalobase seey swadhinbhabe korey (enn. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). jehetu swadhinota premer sange somporkito, taai etty protteker jeebon. (enn. 2873). jaa theke aase taa chhada kichui manusher nijaswa boley money hoy naa. swadhinota (enn. 2880). swargiya swadhinota ebong noroker swadhinota royeche (enn. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the vall ebong sotter bhalobasa (enn. 1947, 2870, 2872). ebong vall ebong sotter bhalobasa prabhur swadhinota theke aase swayang prabhur dwara porichalito howar modhye royeche (enn. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). bhogobaner dwara manush swargiya swadhinotar dike porichalito hoy punarjanma (enn. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). punorujjibito howar jonno manusher aboshyoi swadhinota thakte hobey (enn. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). onno konao upaye vall ebong sotter bhalobasa hotey paare naa. manusher modhye protisthapito, ebong apatodrishtite taar dwara taar hisabe baradda koraa nijer (enn. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). konao kichui manusher saathe badhyobadhokota abosthai sangjukto hoy naa (enn. 2875, 8700). badhyo hoye jodi manusher sangoskar koraa yaay, tahle sobai rakkha paabe. (enn. 2881). sangoskarer khettre badhyobadhokota khotikarok (enn. 4031). swadhinota theke samasta upasona holl upasona, kintu swadhinota theke upasona badhyobadhokota puja noy (enn. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). anutap aboshyoi ekti swadhin abosthai karjokor korte hobey, ebong badhyobadhokota abosthai koraa onutaper konao maane hoy naa. subidha (enn. 8392). badhyobadhokotar abostha, seguli qee (enn. 8392). [3] manushke swadhinota theke kaaj korar anumati deoa hoyeche kaaron, shesh porjonto jey taar jonno vall pradan koraa jete paare, ebong eyi karonei manusher chinta korar ebong emonki korar swadhinota royeche. kii mondo, ebong jotodur aain taa korey naa nishedh korun (enn. 10777). manush swarga oo noroker modhye prabhu dwara rakha hoy, ebong eibhabe bharsamye, jaate seey swadhinotar jonno thakte paare sangoskar (enn. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). swadhinotar modhye jaa ropit hoy taa sthayi hoy, kintu jaa hoy taa noy badhyotamulokbhabe sthapon koraa hoy (enn. 9588). eyi karone keu kokhono taar swadhinota theke bonchito hoy naa (enn. 2876, 2881). prabhu kauke badhyo corren naa (enn. 1937, 1947). nijeke badhyo koraa swadhinota theke, kintu haoya noy badhyo koraa (enn. 1937, 1947). ekjon manusher uchito nijeke monder biruddhe ladai korte badhyo koraa (enn. 1937, 1947, 7914). nijer theke vall korar moto, ebong ekhono sweekar koraa jey etty prabhur kachh theke (enn. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). prolobhoner ladaiye manusher arow shaktishali swadhinota royeche jaa tini joy corren, jehetu tokhon tini nijeke arow beshi badhyo corren protirodh korar jonno abhyantarinbhabe, jodio etty onnobhabe prodorshito hoy (enn. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] noroker swadhinota holl manusher bhalobasar dwara porichalito haoya. swa ebong bishwer ebong taader kaam (enn. 2870, 2873). jaaraa norke achhe taaraa onno konao swadhinota jaane naa (enn. 2871). swargiya swadhinota noroker swadhinota theke onek doore. jemon swarga norok theke eseche (enn. 2873, 2874). noroker swadhinota, jaa bhalobasar dwara porichalito hoy nijer ebong bishwer, swadhinota noy borong dasotto (enn. 2884, 2890). kaaron dasotto noroker dwara porichalito hoy (enn. 9586, 9589-9591). probaher. [5] manush jaa bhabe ebong chaay taa taar modhye probahito hoy. obhiggota theke (enn. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). manusher bishoyer proti monojog deoar khomota, chinta korar khomota, ebong bishleshonattokbhabe siddhanta neoa holl probaho theke (enn. 4319, 4320, 5288). manush eka muhurtao banchte paare naa jodi err theke probaho adhyattik jagat taanr kachh theke kede neoa hoyechilo; obhiggota theke (enn. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). prabhur kachh theke jey jeebon probahito hoy taa seii anujayi poribortito hoy manusher abostha ebong abhyarthana anujayi (enn. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). jaaraa kharap taader saathe vall jaa probahito hoy prabhu monde ebong satya mithyete rupantarita hoy; obhiggota theke (enn. 3642, 4632). vall ebong satya jaa kromagoto prabhur kachh theke probahito hoy taaraa kebolmatro tototai grohon koraa hoy jey taaraa badha paay naa mondo ebong mithya dwara (enn. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6 samasta vall prabhur kachh theke probahito hoy ebong samasta mondo prabhur kachh theke probahito hoy. norok (enn. 904, 4151). bortoman somoye manush biswas korey jey sabkichui taar modhye royeche. nize ebong nijer theke, jokhon asle taaraa probahito hoy; ebong girjar motobad theke tini hoyto etaa jaante paren, jaa sheikha jey samasta vall issorer kachh theke, ebong samasta mondo issorer kachh theke shaytan (enn. 4249, 6193, 6206). kintu manusher biswas jodi eyi motobader sange samanjasyapurna hoy, taa holey tini tini nijer jonno mondoke grohon korben naa ebong korbeno naa taar nijer hotey vall (enn. 6206, 6324, 6325). manusher abostha koto sukhi hoto jodi seey biswas koroto jey prabhur kachh theke vall aase ebong samasta mondo norok theke aase. (enn. 6325). jaaraa swargoke aswikar korey baa jaaraa ayee somporke kichui jaane naa, taaraa taa korey naa. zene rakhun jey swarga theke konao probaho royeche (enn. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). probaho qee, tulna dwara chitrito (enn. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jeeboner sabkichui prothom jhorna theke probahito hoy jeebon, kaaron etai err utso; ebong etty kromagoto eibhabe jeeboner sabkichu prabhur kachh theke probahito hoy (enn. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). probaho adhyattik ebong sharirik noy, arthat, probaho holl adhyattik jogoto theke prakritik jogote, ebong theke noy prakritik theke adhyattik (enn. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). abhyantarin manusher madhyome bohiprobaho probesh korey, athoba atmar madhyome shorire probesh korey, biporito noy, kaaron manusher atma adhyattik jogote royeche, ebong prakritikbhabe taar shorir (enn. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). abhyantarin manush adhyattik jogote royeche ebong prakritik jogote bahyik (enn. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). ekti uposthiti royeche jey theke ekti probaho achhe manusher bahyik abhyantarin, kintu etty ekti bhul dharona (enn. 3721). manusher modhye juktisangato jiniser probaho royeche, ebong err madhyome eguli gyaner modhye, ebong biporito noy (enn. 1495, 1707, 1940). probaher krom koto (enn. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). prabhur kachh theke sarasari probaho royeche, ebong ekibhabe modhyosthota korun adhyattik jagat baa swarger modhyo diye probaho (enn. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). prabhur probaho manusher modhye valor modhye royeche, ebong err madhyome sotter modhye vall, ebong biporito noy (enn. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). vall prabhur kachh theke probaho grohon korar khomota deyo, kintu vall chhada satya hoy naa (enn. 8321). chintar modhye jaa probahito hoy taa khotikarok noy, tobey cable ichchar modhye qee probahito hoy, kaaron ate manusher jonno baradda (enn. 6308). [8] ekti sadharan probaho royeche (enn. 5850). etty adesh anujayi kaaj korar ekti kromagoto prochesta. (enn. 6211). eyi probahoti pranider jeebone royeche (enn. 5850). echhadao udbhijjo rajyer vishaygulite (enn. 3648). eyi sadharan probaher sange samanjasya rekhei eyi bhabna koraa hoyechilo manusher sange kotha boley, ebong kaaj korey ebong andolon (enn. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishay atma. [9] atmar samaj theke onno somaje prerito atma samaj ebong anyanno atmar kachhe, "vishay" bolla hoy (enn. 4403, 5856). anyanno jeebone jogajoger madhyome probhabito hoy eyi dharaner dooto atma (enn. 4403, 5856, 5983). ekti vishay hisabe kaaj korar jonno pathano atma money korey naa nijer theke, kintu jaader dwara taake pathano hoyeche taader theke chinta korey saamone (enn. 5985-5987). eyi dharaner atma somporkito onek biboron (enn. 5988, 5989).

swarg aneey narak/63 <unk> prakaran lxii 597. swarg aneey narak vachchena santulannu havey varnan karvaamaa aavyu chhe, aneey aevu darshavvama aavyu chhe keey teey saaraa vachcheno santulan chhe jeey swargmathi aneey narakmathi jeey dusht chhe, aama teey aek aadhyatmik santulan, jeey tenaa saarmaa svatantrataa chhe. aadhyatmik tenaa saarmaa santulan aee svatantrataa chhe kaaran keey teey aek santulan chhe. saaraa aneey aneesht vachche, aneey satya aneey asatya vachche, aneey aaa chhe aadhyatmik. tethee jeey saaru chhe athavaa shun karavu teey karvaa maate saksham thavaa maate shun kharaab chhe aneey shun saachu chhe keey shun khotu chhe teey vichaarvu, aneey aekne beejani pasandgima pasand karoo, teey svatantrataa chhe jeey aheen chhe saarvaar. aaa svatantrataa darek maanasne bhagvaan dwara aapvama aavee chhe, aneey kyaarey door naa levaay; hakeekatma, tenaa mulnaa kaarane teey maanasnee nathee. pann teey prabhuno chhe, kaaran keey teey bhagvaan tarafthi chhe. tema chhataa, aapvama aave chhe maanas maate tenaa jeevan saathe jaane teey teno jaj hoya; aneey aaa karvaamaa aave chhe jethee maanas curry shake sudhaarvaani aneey bachavvani kshamata dharaave chhe; kaaran keey tyaan svatantrataa vinaa teey koee sudhaarana keey moksh naa hoi shake. koipan tarksangat antargyaan saathe tame joee shako chho keey vichaarvaani kshamata aee maanasnee svatantrataano aek bhaag chhe. khotee reete athavaa yogya reete, nishthapurvak athavaa nishthapurvak, nyaayi athavaa anyaayi reete; teey pann keey teey yogya reete, pramanikpane aneey nyaayi reete bolvaa aneey kaary karvaa maate swatantra chhe; parantu khotee reete, nishthur reete aneey anyaayi reete naa bolvu aneey kaary naa karavu, kaaran keey aadhyatmik, naiteek aneey nagrik kaayadao keey jemaa tenaa baahyane rakhvama aave chhe sanyamma. dekheeti reete, too pachhi, teey maanasno aatma chhe, jeey vichaare chhe aneey ichcha, jeey svatantratama chhe, aneey tenaa baahy nahee jeey bolle chhe aneey uparokt kaayadao saathe sammatee sivaaynaa kaayadao. 598. jyaan sudhee maanasne svatantrataa naa hoya tyaan sudhee tene sudhaari shakaato nathee, kaaran keey keey teey darek prakaarnee dushtatama janme chhe; aneey aaa door karvaa joiae jethee teey bachee shake; aneey jyaan sudhee teey naa hoya tyaan sudhee temne door curry shakaata nathee. temne potaani reete juae chhe aneey sweekaare chhe, aneey pachhithi bundh karey chhe teo karashe, aneey ante temne tiraskaarmaa raakhe chhe. tyaan sudhee nahee teo door thaee gayaa. aneey jyaan sudhee maanas pann saaro naa hoya tyaan sudhee aaa naa curry shakaay. jaim keey dushtatama, kaaran keey teey saaraathi jaj chhe keey teey dushtatao joee shake chhe, jyaare teey kharabmathi saaru joee shakato nathee. aadhyatmik vastuo keey jeey maanas saksham chhe vichaarvaanu keey teey baadpanthi shabd vaanchine sheekhe chhe aneey upadesh aapvo; aneey teey potaana jivanmathi naiteek aneey nagrik saaraa sheekhe chhe. vishva. aaa pratham kaaran chhe keey maanase swatantra hovu joiae. [2]] beeju kaaran aee chhe keey maanas maate jeey chhe tenaa sivaay beeju kanee jaj yogya nathee. teey tenaa premnaa snehthee karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. anya vastuo pravesh melvee shake chhe, parantu vichaarthi vadhu door nahee, ichcha sudhee pahonchatu nathee; aneey game teey hoya maanasnee ichchhama pravesh naa melavato hoya too teey teno banato nathee, kaaran keey vichaar teey smrutimathi melve chhe, jyaare ichchhashakti teey jivanmathi jaj tenee saathe jeey sambandhit chhe teey melve chhe. maatra shun chhe premnaa snehmathi ichcha, athavaa jeey samaan chhe, teey hoi shake chhe mukt kahevaay chhe, maanas jeey ichchhe chhe athavaa prem karey chhe teey maate teey muktapane karey chhe; parinaame maanasnee svatantrataa aneey tenaa premno athavaa tenaa premno sneh aek hashe. aaa jaj kaaran chhe keey maanasne svatantrataa chhe, krammaa jethee teey satya aneey saaraathi prabhaavit thaee shake athavaa temne prem curry shake, aneey aama teo aek shabdma temnaa potaana [3] jevaa bunny shake chhe, game teey hoya maanasnee svatantratama pravesh naa karey tenee koee sthirtaa nathee, kaaran keey teey karey chhe jeey tenaa prem keey ichchhani nathee, aneey jeey maanasnee nathee. prem keey ichcha tenaa aatmani nathee; kaaran keey teey jaj astitva dharaave chhe.] maanasnee bhaavnaa prem athavaa ichcha chhe. tene prem athavaa ichcha kahevama aave chhe, kaaran keey maanas jeey chaahe chhe teey ichchhe chhe. too pachhi, aaa jaj kaaran chhe keey maanasne sudhaari shakaay chhe. maatra aazadima. parantu maanasnee svatantratana vishhay parr vadhu joee shakaay chhe neeche ullekheet maargomaa arkana collastiama. 599. jethee maanas swatantra thaee shake, jethee teey sudharel, teey tenaa aatmana sandarbhma swarg saathe jodaayelo chhe aneey narak saathe. kaaran keey darek maanas saathe narakmathi aatmaao aave chhe aneey swargmathi duto. teey narak dwara chhe keey maanas tenaa potaana chhe dusht, jyaare swargnaa duto dwara maanas saaro chhe bhagvaan tarafthi; aaa reete teey aadhyatmik santulanma chhe, etale keey, svatantrataa. keey swargnaa duto aneey naraknaa aatmaao jodaay chhe darek maanas swargnaa sanyojan parnaa prakaranmaa joee shakaay chhe manav jaatee saathe (aena. 291-302). 600. teey samajavu aavashyak chhe keey swarg saathe maanasnu jodaan aneey narak saathe seedhu jodaan temnee saathe nathee, parantu madhyasthi chhe. aatmani duniyama rahela aatmaao dwara sanyojan. aaa aatmaao, aneey narakmathi athavaa swargmathi jaj koee nathee, maanas saathe. aatmani duniyama dusht aatmaao dwara maanas chhe narak saathe jodaayelo, aneey saaraa aatmaao dwara teey tyaan chhe swarg saathe jodaay chhe. aaa kaarane aatmani dunia chhe swarg aneey narak vachcheno madhyavarti, aneey teey jagatma santulan pote. (keey aatmani dunia madhyavarti chhe swarg aneey naraknee vachcheni dunia parnaa prakaranmaa joee shakaay chhe aatmaao, aena. 421-431; aneey teey vachche aavashyak santulan swarg aneey narak chhe teey agaauna prakaranmaa joee shakaay chhe, aena. 589-596.) aaa badhaathi maanasnee svatantrataano srot spasht chhe. 601. jeey aatmaao jodaayela chhe tenaa vishe kaneek vadhu kahevu aavashyak chhe maanas saathe. aakho samaaj beeja saathe vaatchit curry shake chhe samaaj, athavaa vyaktee saathe teey jyaan pann hoya; aek aatmana maadhyamthi samajmathi mokalvaamaa aavel; aaa bhaavnaane samajno vishhay kahevama aave chhe. ghanaa. swargma samajo saathe maanasna jodannun pann aevu jaj chhe, aneey narakmaa samajo saathe, vishvanaa aatmaao dwara aatmaao keey jeey maanas saathe jodaayela hoya chhe. (aaa vishhay parr pann juo neeche ullekheet maargomaa arkana collestia.) 602. aakhare maanasna antargyaanne maana aaptaa kaneek kahevu aavashyak chhe. mrutyu pachhinaa tenaa jeevanne dhyanma rakheene jeey pravahmathi melavaamaa aave chhe maanasma swarg. ketlaak saamanya loko aevaa hataa keey jaimnee paase vishwani bhalaima raheta hataa jaimne vishvasma paachha lavvama aavyaa hataa teo duniyama hataa teey raajy, jeey hoi shake chhe jyaare bhagvaan tene aape chhe tyaare koinee saathe karvaamaa aave chhe; aneey pachhi teey batavvama aavyu hatoo keey shun mrutyu pachhi maanasnee sthitee vishe temno abhipray hato. teoae kahyoo keey duniyana ketlaak buddhishali vyaktioae temne puchhyu hatoo keey teo shun karey chhe pruthvi parnaa jeevan pachhi temnaa aatma vishe vichaaryu; aneey teoae javaab aapyo keey teo jaantaa naa hataa keey aatma shun chhe. pachhi temne puchhvama aavyu keey shun teo mrutyu pachhi temnee sthitee vishe maantaa hataa; aneey teoae kahyoo keey teo teo maantaa hataa keey teo aatmaao tareeke jeevashe. pharii temne puchhvama aavyu keey shun teo maane chhe keey teo aatmaanu sanmaan karey chhe; aneey teo kahe chhe keey teey aek maanas chhe. temne puchhvama aavyu keey teo aaa kevee reete jaane chhe; aneey teoae kahyoo keey teo aaa jaane chhe kaaran keey teey aavu chhe. teey buddhishali maanasone aashchary thayu keey saadaama aevee shraddha hatee, jeey teo pote nahota dharaavtaa. aaa chhe aek puraavo chhe keey darek maanasma jeey swarg saathe jodanma chhe mrutyu pachhinaa temnaa jeevannu sanmaan karatee antahprerana. aaa antargyaan chhe swargmathi, etale keey swargmathi bahaar aavtaa pravaah sivaay beejo koee srot nathee. aatmaaoni duniyana aatmaao dwara bhagvaan pasethi maanas saathe jodai. aaa antahprerana jeoae ogadee nathee. agau apnavvama aaveli aneey pushti pameli dhaarnaao dwara temnee vichaarvaani svatantrataa maanasna aatmaane maana aaptee viveedh daleelo dwara, jeey manvama aave chhe kaan too shuddh vichaar, athavaa koee mahatvapurn siddhaant keey jenu kendra chhe shareerma shodhaay chhe; aneey tema chhataa aatma jeevan sivaay beeju kanee nathee. maanas, jyaare aatma pote maanas chhe; aneey parthiv shareer jeey teey aaa jagatma tenee saathe farato rahe chhe teey maatra aek agent chhe, jenaa dwara aatma, jeey pote maanas chhe, teey yogya reete kaary karvaa maate saksham chhe koodarti vishva. 603. swarg vishe aaa kaaryamaa shun kahevama aavyu chhe, vishva aatmaao aneey narak, jeo rus dharaavtaa nathee temnaa maate aspasht raheshe aadhyatmik satyo vishe shikhvu, parantu jeo paase chhe temne teey spasht thashe aavaa rus, aneey khaas kareene jeo prem dharaave chhe satya maate satya, etale keey, jeey satyane prem karey chhe kaaran keey teey chhe satya; kaaran keey pachhi jeey prem karvaamaa aave chhe teey prakaash saathe mananee andar pravesh karey chhe. vichaar, khaas kareene prem karaayel satya, kaaran keey tamaam satya temaa chhe prakaash. maanasnee svatantrataa, pravaah aneey aatmaao keey jenaa dwara sandeshaavyavhaar prabhaavit thaay chhe tenaa aadarma akaana coolestiamathi arqa. svatantrataa. badhee svatantrataa prem athavaa sneh saathe sambandhit chhe, kaaran keey game teey hoya aek maanas prem karey chhe teey muktapane karey chhe (aena. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). aazadi prem saathe sambandhit hovathi teey dareknu jeevan chhe. (aena. 2873). jeey chhe teey sivaay beeju kanee pann maanasnu potaanu nathee laagtu. svatantrataa (aena. 2880). svargeey svatantrataa aneey naraknee svatantrataa chhe (aena. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the saaraa aneey satyano prem (aena. 1947, 2870, 2872). aneey jaim saaraa aneey satyano prem bhagvanni svatantrataa tarafthi chhe pote bhagvaan (aena. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). bhagvaan dwara maanasne svargeey svatantrataa maley chhe punjanan (aena. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). maanasne punarjivit thavaa maate svatantrataa hovi joiae (aena. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). anya koee reete saaraa aneey satyano prem naa hoi shake. maanasma ropvaamaa aavyu, aneey tenaa dwara tenaa tareeke upyogmaa levaayu potaani (aena. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). maanas saathe koee pann vastu aneevarytani sthitima jodaayelee nathee (aena. 2875, 8700). jooe maanas majboorima sudhari shake too badhaa bachee jashe. (aena. 2881). sudhaarana maate faraj paadvi haanikaarak chhe (aena. 4031). aazadithi badhee pujaa aee pujaa chhe, parantu aazadithi pujaa faraj aee pujaa nathee (aena. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). pastaavo mukt sthitima thavo joiae, aneey majburini sthitima assar pamelo pastaavo koee nathee laabh (aena. 8392). aneevarytani sthiteeo, teey shun chhe (aena. 8392). [3] maanasne svatantratathi kaary karvaanee manjuri aapvama aavee chhe kaaran, keey tenaa maate saaru purun padvama aave, aneey aaa jaj kaaran chhe keey maanasne vichaarvaani aneey vichaarvaani pann svatantrataa chhe. shun kharaab chhe, aneey jyaan sudhee kaayada nathee kartaa tyaan sudhee teey karavu nishedh karoo (aena. 10777). maanasne bhagvaan swarg aneey narak vachche raakhe chhe, aneey aama santulanma, keey jethee teey khaatar svatantratama hoi shake sudhaarana (aena. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). jeey svatantratama ropvaamaa aave chhe teey tucky rahe chhe, parantu jeey chhe teey nathee farjiyat hethal ropvaamaa aave chhe (aena. 9588). aaa kaaranosar koee pann vyaktee kyaarey tenee svatantratathi vancheet nathee (aena. 2876, 2881). bhagvaan koine dabaan kartaa nathee (aena. 1937, 1947). potaani jaatne majboor karvee aee aazadithi chhe, parantu banvu nahee faraj padvama aavee (aena. 1937, 1947). aek maanase dushtataano pratikaar karvaa maate potaane majboor karvaa joiae (aena. 1937, 1947, 7914). jaane keey potaani jaate jaj saaru karavu, aneey haju sudhee sveekarvu keey teey bhagvaan tarafthi chhe (aena. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). maanasne laalachnee ladaima vadhu majboot svatantrataa chhe jene teey jeetee leey chhe, kaaran keey teey pachhi teey potaane vadhu majboor karey chhe aantarik reete pratikaar karvaa maate, jooe keey teey anyatha dekhaay chhe (aena. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] naraknee svatantratama prem dwara sanchaalit thavama samaavesh thaay chhe swa aneey vishva aneey temnee vaasnaa (aena. 2870, 2873). jeo narakmaa chhe teo anya koee svatantrataa jaantaa nathee (aena. 2871). svargeey svatantrataa naraknee svatantratathi ghanee door chhe jaim swarg narakmathi chhe (aena. 2873, 2874). naraknee svatantrataa, jemaa prem dwara sanchaalit thavama samaavesh thaay chhe swa aneey vishwani svatantrataa nathee parantu gulami chhe (aena. 2884, 2890). kaaran keey gulami narak dwara sanchaalit chhe (aena. 9586, 9589-9591). pravaah. [5] maanas jeey vichaare chhe aneey ichchhe chhe teey badhee vastuo tenaamaa vahe chhe. anoobhavthi (aena. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). vishhayo parr dhyaan aapvani, vichaarvaani maanasnee kshamata, aneey vishleshanatmak reete taarano kaadhvaa maate, pravahmathi chhe (aena. 4319, 4320, 5288). jooe maanas aek kshan pann jeevee shakato naa hoya too aadhyatmik jagat temnee pasethi door thaee gayoo; anubhavmathi (aena. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). bhagvaan pasethi vahetu jeevan tenaa anusaar badalaay chhe. maanasnee sthitee saathe aneey swaagat anusaar (aena. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). jeo kharaab chhe temnee saathe jeey saaraa vahe chhe bhagvaan dushtatama aneey satya juthanama parivartit thaay chhe; anoobhavthi (aena. 3642, 4632). bhagvaan tarafthi satat vahetu saaru aneey satya teey maatra etalaa sudhee praapt thaay chhe keey teo avrodhit naa thaay dushtataa aneey asatya dwara (aena. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6. badhaa saaraa bhagvaan tarafthi vahe chhe, aneey badhaa kharaab bhagvaan pasethi vahe chhe. narak (aena. 904, 4151). aajnaa samayma maanas maane chhe keey badhee vastuo andar chhe pote aneey pote jaj chhe, jyaare hakeekatma teo andar vahe chhe; aneey aaa teey churchna siddhaant parthee jaanee shake chhe, jeey sheekhve chhe keey badhaa saaraa bhagvaan tarafthi chhe, aneey badhaa kharaab bhagvaan tarafthi chhe. shetan (aena. 4249, 6193, 6206). parantu jooe maanasnee maanyata aaa siddhaant saathe susangat hoya too teey teey potaani jaat maate dushtataa sweekarshe nahee aneey naa jaj karashe tenu potaanu hovu saaru chhe (aena. 6206, 6324, 6325). jooe teey maanato keey badhaa maanasnee sthitee ketali khush hashe bhagvaan tarafthi saaraa aneey narakmathi badhaa aneesht vahe chhe. (aena. 6325). jeo swargno incar karey chhe athavaa jeo tenaa vishe kashoo jaantaa nathee teo nathee kartaa. jaano keey swargmathi koee pravaah chhe (aena. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). pravaah shun chhe, teey sarkhaamani dwara sachitra chhe (aena. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jeevannu badhu jaj pratham fuvaromathi vahe chhe. jeevan, kaaran keey teey teno strot chhe; aneey teey satat aama jeevannu badhu bhagvaan tarafthi vahe chhe (aena. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). pravaah aadhyatmik chhe aneey bhauteek nathee, etale keey pravaah chhe aadhyatmik jagatmathi koodarti jagatma, aneey temathi nahee aadhyatmikma koodarti (aena. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). aantarik maanas dwara baahyma pravaah aave chhe, athavaa aatma dwara shareerma, aneey vipareet nahee, kaaran keey maanasno aatma aadhyatmik jagatma chhe, aneey tenu shareer koodarti (aena. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). aantarik maanas aadhyatmik jagatma chhe aneey koodarti vishvamaa baahy (aena. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). aek dekhaav chhe keey temathi pravaah chhe aantarikma maanasna baahy, parantu aaa aek bhranti chhe (aena. 3721). maanas saathe tarksangat vastuono pravaah chhe, aneey tenaa dwara aaa gnyanma chhe, aneey vipareetma nahee (aena. 1495, 1707, 1940). pravaahno krama shun chhe (aena. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). bhagvaan tarafthi seedho pravaah aave chhe, aneey tevee jaj reete madhyasthi karey chhe aadhyatmik jagat athavaa swargmathi pravaah (aena. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). bhagvanno pravaah maanasma saaraa chhe, aneey tenaa dwara satyamaa saaru, aneey vipareet nahee (aena. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). saaroo bhagvaan pasethi pravaah melavani kshamata aape chhe, parantu saaraa vagarnu satya nathee (aena. 8321). vichaarmaa jeey kanee vahe chhe teey haanikaarak nathee, parantu maatra ichchhama shun vahe chhe, kaaran keey aaa teey chhe maanas maate yogya (aena. 6308). [8] tyaan saamanya pravaah chhe (n. 5850). aaa krama anusaar kaary karvaano satat prayaas chhe (aena. 6211). aaa pravaah praniona jeevanma chhe (aena. 5850). vanaspati samrajyna vishhayoma pann (aena. 3648). aaa saamanya pravaahne anuroop vichaaryu maanas saathe vaanimaa padey chhe, aneey kreeyaoma aneey ichchhashaktima aave chhe hilchal (aena. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishhay aatmaao. [9] aatmaona samajmathi anyamaa mokalvaamaa aavela aatmaao samajo aneey anya aatmaaone "vishhayo" (aena. 4403, 5856). anya jeevanma sanchaar aanaa dwara prabhaavit thaay chhe aavaa doot aatmaao (aena. 4403, 5856, 5983). aek vishhay tareeke sevaa aapvaa maate mokalvaamaa aavel aatma vichaarto nathee potanathi, parantu jemnaa dwara tene mokalvaamaa aave chhe temnathi vichaare chhe aagad (aena. 5985-5987). aavaa aatmaaone lagatee ghanee vigato (aena. 5988, 5989).

swarg aur narak/63 <unk> adhyaay lxii 597. swarg aur narak key beach santulan kaa abb varnan kiya gayaa haye, aur yeh dikhaaya gayaa haye kii yeh achche key beach ack santulan haye joe haye swarg seey aur narak seey joe burai haye, iss prakaar kii vaha ack aadhyatmik santulan, joe apane saar mein swatantrata haye. aadhyatmik santulan apane saar mein swatantrata haye kyonki yeh ack santulan haye. achchaae aur burai key beach, aur sachchai aur jhooth key beach, aur yeye hain aadhyatmik. isaliye joe achchha haye yaa joe achchha haye usey karane mein saksham honah burai haye aur yeh sochana kii kyaa sach haye yaa kyaa galat, aur ack koo dusare kii vareeyata mein chunein, vaha swatantrata haye joe yahaan haye ilaaj kiya. yeh swatantrata pratyek vyakti koo bhagwan dwara dee gaee haye, aur kabhi naheen liya gayaa; vaastav mein, isaki utpatti key kaaran yeh manushya kaa naheen haye lekin prabhu kaa, kyonki yeh prabhu kii or seey haye. phir bhee diyaa jaataa haye manushya key liye apane jeevan key saath jaise kii yeh uska haye; aur yeh kiya jaataa haye taaki manushya curr sakey sudhaar aur bachaaya jaa karane kii kshamata haye; kyonki vahaan swatantrata key binaa koee sudhaar yaa moksh naheen hoe sakata haye. kissy bhee tarksangat antargyaan key saath koee dekh sakata haye kii yeh sochane mein saksham honey key liye manushya kii swatantrata kaa ack hissa haye galat yaa sahee, imandari seey yaa nishthaaheen, nyaaypurna yaa anyaaypurna roop seey; yeh bhee kii vaha sahee, imandari aur nyaaypurna tareeke seey bolane aur kaary karane key liye swatantra haye; lekin galat, nishthur aur anyaaypurna tareeke seey naa bolna aur kaary karna, kyonki aadhyatmik, naitik aur nagrik kaanoonon key jisake tahat uska baahari hissa rakhaa jaataa haye sanyam mein. tou phir, jahir haye, yeh manushya kii aatma haye, joe sochati haye aur sochati haye ichcha, joe swatantrata mein haye, naa kii uska baahari joe bolata haye aur uparokt kaanoonon key saath sahamati koo chhodkar adhiniyam. 598. jaba taka usey swatantrata naheen haye, taba taka manushya mein sudhaar naheen kiya jaa sakata haye, kyonki kii vaha harr prakaar kii buraaiyon mein paida huaa haye; aur inhen door kiya jaanaa chaahiye taaki vaha bachaaya jaa sakey; aur unhein taba taka hataaya naheen jaa sakata jaba taka kii vaha unhein apane aap mein dekhta haye aur unhein sweekaar kartaa haye, aur baad mein bund curr detaa haye unhein pakadenge, aur anta mein unhein ghrina mein rakhenge. taba taka naheen unhone hataa diyaa. aur yeh taba taka naheen kiya jaa sakata jaba taka kii manushya bhee achche mein naa hoe. jaise burai mein, kyonki vaha achchaae seey hii burai dekhane mein saksham haye, jabaki burai seey vaha achchha naheen dekh sakata. aadhyatmik vastuein joe manushya saksham haye yeh sochane key liye kii vaha bachpan seey shabd koo padhkar seekhata haye aur prachaar karna; aur vaha apane jeevan seey naitik aur nagrik bhalai seekhata haye duniya. yahee pahala kaaran haye kii manushya koo swatantra honah chaahiye. [2]] ack aur kaaran yeh haye kii manushya key liye kuchh bhee viniyojit naheen haye sivaay isake kii kyaa haye apane pyaar key pyaar seey kiya. anya cheezon koo pravesh mill sakata haye, lekin vichaar seey adhik door naheen, ichcha taka naheen pahunchana; aur joe kuchh bhee hoe manushya kii ichcha mein pravesh naheen kartaa haye, kyonki vaha uska naheen bunn jaataa haye. vichaar smriti seey praapt hotaa haye joe usase sambandhit haye, jabaki ichcha joe isase sambandhit haye vaha jeevan seey hii praapt hotaa haye. kewal joe haye prem key sneh seey ichcha, yaa vahee joe haye, hoe sakata haye mukt kahaa jaataa haye, joe kuchh bhee ack aadami chaahata haye yaa pyaar kartaa haye joe vaha swatantra roop seey kartaa haye; parinamswarup manushya kii swatantrata aur usake pyaar yaa usake pyaar kaa sneh ack hoga. yahee kaaran haye kii manushya koo swatantrata haye, crum mein taaki vaha sachchai aur achchaae seey prabhaavit hoe yaa unase pyaar curr sakey, aur kii iss prakaar way ack shabd mein unake apane hoe sakate hain, joe kuchh bhee hoe manushya kii swatantrata mein pravesh naheen karane kaa koee sthaayitva naheen haye, kyonki yeh kartaa haye naa usake prem yaa ichcha seey sambandhit haye, aur naa hii joe manushya key prem seey sambandhit haye. prem yaa ichcha usaki aatma seey sambandhit naheen haye; kyonki vaha hii astitva haye [saar]] manushya kii aatma kaa prem yaa ichcha haye. ise pyaar yaa ichcha kahaa jaataa haye, kyonki ack aadami vahee chaahata haye jisase vaha pyaar kartaa haye. yahee kaaran haye kii manushya mein sudhaar kiya jaa sakata haye kewal swatantrata mein. lekin manushya kii swatantrata key vishay parr adhik dekhaa jaa sakata haye neeche nirdisht maargon mein arkana colestia mein. 599. taaki manushya swatantra hoe sakey, anta taka kii vaha hoe sakata haye sudhaar, vaha apani aatma key sambandh mein swarg key saath judaa huaa haye aur narak key saath. kyonki harr aadami key saath narak seey aatmaaen hain aur swarg seey swargadoot. yeh narak key madhyam seey haye kii manushya apane aap mein haye burai, jabaki swarg key swargadooton key madhyam seey hii manushya achche mein haye prabhu seey; iss prakaar vaha aadhyatmik santulan mein haye, arthaat, mein swatantrata. kii swarg key swargadoot aur narak kii aatmaaen juda jaati hain swarg key sanyojan parr adhyaay mein harr aadami koo dekhaa jaa sakata haye maanav jaati key saath (aine. 291-302). 600. yeh samajhana hoga kii swarg key saath manushya kaa sanyojan aur narak key saath unake saath seedha sanyojan naheen haye, balki ack madhyasth haye aatmaon key madhyam seey sanyojan joe aatmaon kii duniya mein hain. yeye aatmaaen, aur naa tou narak seey aur naa hii swarg seey, hain aadami key saath. aatmaon kii duniya mein dusht aatmaon key madhyam seey manushya haye narak key saath judaa huaa, aur vahaan achchi aatmaon key madhyam seey vaha haye swarg key saath judanaa. iss vajah seey aatmaon kii duniya haye swarg aur narak key beach kaa madhyavarti, aur usa duniya mein haye khud mein santulan. (kii aatmaon kii duniya madhyavarti haye swarg aur narak key beach duniya key adhyaay mein dekhaa jaa sakata haye aatma, aine. 421-431; aur kii donon key beach aavashyak santulan swarg aur narak haye joe pichhale adhyaay mein dekhaa jaa sakata haye, aine. 589-596.) inn sub seey manushya kii swatantrata kaa srot spasht haye. 601. joe aatmaaen judati hain, unake baare mein kuchh aur kahana aavashyak haye aadami key saath. ack puuraa samaaj dusare key saath samvaad curr sakata haye samaaj, yaa kissy vyakti key saath vaha jahan bhee hoe; ack aatma key madhyam seey samaaj seey bheja gayaa; iss bhavna koo vishay kahaa jaataa haye kaee. swarg mein samajon key saath manushya key sanyojan key baare mein bhee yahee sach haye, aur narak mein samajon key saath, duniya kii aatmaon key madhyam seey aatmaaen joe manushya key saath judee hui hain. (iss vishay parr bhee dekhein neeche ullikhit maargon mein arkana colestia.) 602. anta mein manushya key antargyaan kaa sammaan karate hue kuchh kahaa jaanaa chaahiye mrityu key baad key usake jeevan key sambandh mein joe pravaah seey praapt hotaa haye manushya mein swarg. kuchh sadharan aam loga they jinake paas vishvaas kii bhalai mein duniya mein rahate they jinhen ack mein vaapas laaya gayaa thaa aisee sthiti jisamen way duniya mein they, joe hoe sakata haye jaba bhagwan ise pradaan karate hain tou kissy key saath kiya jaataa haye; aur phir yeh dikhaaya jaataa haye kii kyaa mrityu key baad manushya kii sthiti key baare mein unaki raay thee. unhone kahaa kii duniya mein kuchh buddhiman vyaktiyon ney unase poochha thaa kii way kyaa karate hain prithvi parr jeevan key baad unhone apani aatma key baare mein socha aur unhone jawab diyaa kii way naheen jaanate they kii aatma kyaa haye. phir unase poochha gayaa kii kyaa way mrityu key baad apani sthiti key baare mein vishvaas karate they; aur unhone kahaa kii way unakaa maanana thaa kii way aatmaon key roop mein jeevit rahenge. phir seey unase poochha gayaa kii kyaa yeh vishvaas kii way ack aatma kaa sammaan karate they; aur unhone kahaa kii vaha ack aadami haye. unase poochha gayaa kii way yeh kaise jaanate hain aur unhone kahaa kii way ise jaanate hain. kyonki aisaa hii haye. una buddhiman logon koo ashcharya huaa kii sadharan logon kaa aisaa vishvaas thaa, joe unake paas khud naheen thaa. yeh haye ack pramaan haye kii pratyek vyakti mein joe swarg key saath sanyojan mein haye mrityu key baad apane jeevan kaa sammaan karane vaalaa ack antargyaan. yeh antargyaan haye swarg seey, yaani swarg key madhyam seey, pravaah key alawa koee anya srot naheen haye. aatmaon kii duniya seey aatmaon key madhyam seey prabhu seey joe hain aadami key saath juda gayaa. yeh antargyaan una logon key paas haye jinhone bujhaa naheen haye pahale seey apnai gaee aur pushti kii gaee dhaaranaon dwara unaki sochane kii swatantrata manushya kii aatma key sammaan mein vibhinn tarkon dwara, jise maanaa jaataa haye yaa tou shuddh vichaar, yaa koee mahatvapurna siddhant jiska aadhar haye shareer mein khoj kii jaati haye; aur phir bhee aatma kuchh aur naheen balki jeevan haye manushya, jabaki aatma swayam manushya haye; aur parthiv shareer joe vaha duniya mein apane saath leey jaataa haye kewal ack agent haye jisake dwara aatma, joe swayam manushya haye, mein upayukt roop seey kaary karane mein saksham haye praakritik duniya. 603. swarg key baare mein iss kaam mein kyaa kahaa gayaa haye, duniya aatmaaen aur narak, una logon key liye aspasht honge jinhen isamen koee ruchi naheen haye aadhyatmik satyon key baare mein seekhana, lekin una logon key liye spasht hoga jinake paas haye aisee ruchi, aur vishesh roop seey una logon key liye joe pyaar karate hain satya key liye satya, yaani joe satya seey pyaar karate hain kyonki vaha haye satya; kyonki joe kuchh bhee taba pyaar kiya jaataa haye vaha prakaash key saath munn mein pravesh kartaa haye vichaar, vishesh roop seey satya joe pyaar kiya jaataa haye, kyonki sabhi satya mein haye prakaash. akana coolestia seey nishkarsh manushya kii swatantrata, pravaah aur aatmaon kaa sammaan karate hain jinake madhyam seey sanchaar prabhaavit hotey hain. swatantrata. sabhi swatantrata prem yaa sneh seey sambandhit haye, kyonki joe bhee hoe ack aadami pyaar kartaa haye vaha swatantra roop seey kartaa haye (aine. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). choonki swatantrata prem seey sambandhit haye, isaliye yeh sabhi kaa jeevan haye. (aine. 2873). manushya kaa apana kuchh bhee naheen lagata haye sivaay isake kii kyaa haye swatantrata (aine. 2880). swargiya swatantrata aur narak kii swatantrata haye (aine. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the achchaae aur sachchai kaa pyaar (aine. 1947, 2870, 2872). aur jaise achchaae aur sachchai kaa prem bhagwan kii swatantrata seey haye swayam mein bhagwan (aine. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). manushya koo prabhu dwara swargiya swatantrata mein leey jaaya jaataa haye punarjanan (aine. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). manushya koo punarjeevit honey key liye swatantrata honey chaahiye (aine. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). kissy anya tareeke seey achchaae aur sachchai kaa pyaar naheen hoe sakata haye. manushya mein pratyaaropit, aur usake dwara usake roop mein abhigriheet kiya gayaa swayam (aine. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). kuchh bhee manushya key saath majburi kii sthiti mein naheen judaa haye (aine. 2875, 8700). aggar manushya koo majburi mein sudhaar diyaa jaa sakata haye tou sub butch jaayenge. (aine. 2881). sudhaar mein majburi hanikarak haye (aine. 4031). swatantrata seey sabhi pooja pooja haye, lekin swatantrata seey pooja jabardasti pooja naheen haye (aine. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). paschaataap koo ack swatantra raajya mein lagu kiya jaanaa chaahiye, aur majburan kii sthiti mein paschaataap karane kii koee aavashyakta naheen haye. laabh (aine. 8392). majburi kii sthitiyaan, way kyaa hain (aine. 8392). [3] yeh manushya koo swatantrata seey kaary karane key liye diyaa gayaa haye kaaran, anta taka kii usake liye achchha pradaan kiya jaa sakata haye, aur yahee kaaran haye kii manushya koo sochane aur sochane kii swatantrata haye burai kyaa haye, aur ise karna jahan taka kaanoon naheen karate hain manaa karein (aine. 10777). manushya koo bhagwan dwara swarg aur narak key beach rakhaa jaataa haye, aur iss prakaar santulan mein, taaki vaha swatantrata mein hoe sakata haye sudhaar (aine. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). joe swatantrata mein pratyaaropit kiya jaataa haye vaha sthaayi hotaa haye, lekin vaha naheen joe haye majburi mein pratyaaropit (aine. 9588). iss kaaran seey koee bhee kabhi bhee apani swatantrata seey vanchit naheen rahata haye (aine. 2876, 2881). bhagwan kissy koo majboor naheen karate (aine. 1937, 1947). apane koo majboor karna swatantrata seey haye, lekin honah naheen haye majboor (aine. 1937, 1947). ack aadami koo burai kaa virodh karane key liye khud koo majboor karna chaahiye (aine. 1937, 1947, 7914). achchha karna bhee jaise kii khud seey, aur abhee taka sweekaar karna kii yeh prabhu kii or seey haye (aine. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). manushya koo pralobhan kii ladaai mein ack majboot swatantrata haye jise vaha jeetata haye, kyonki taba vaha khud koo aur adhik majboor kartaa haye aantarik roop seey pratirodh karane key liye, halanki yeh anyatha dikhaai detaa haye (aine. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] narak kii swatantrata mein prem kaa netritva karna shamil haye swayam aur duniya aur unaki vaasanaon (aine. 2870, 2873). joe narak mein hain way koee anya swatantrata naheen jaanate hain (aine. 2871). swargiya swatantrata narak kii swatantrata seey bahut door haye jaise swarg narak seey haye (aine. 2873, 2874). narak kii swatantrata, jisamen prem dwara netritva kiya jaanaa shamil haye swayam aur duniya kii, swatantrata naheen haye balki daasata haye (aine. 2884, 2890). kyonki daasata narak dwara netritva kiye jaane mein haye (aine. 9586, 9589-9591). pravaah. [5] vaha sub joe manushya sochata aur chaahata haye, vaha usamen beh jaataa haye. anubhav seey (aine. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). vishayon parr dhyaan dene, sochane kii manushya kii kshamata, aur vishleshanatmak roop seey nishkarsh nikaalana, pravaah seey haye (aine. 4319, 4320, 5288). aggar aadami ack pull bhee naheen jee sakata thaa aadhyatmik duniya unase door leey jaaya gayaa; anubhav seey (aine. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). prabhu seey joe jeevan pravaahit hotaa haye, vaha usake anusaar badalata rahata haye. manushya kii sthiti key saath aur swaagat key anusaar (aine. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). joe burey hain unake saath achche joe pravaahit hotey hain prabhu burai mein badal jaataa haye, aur satya jhooth mein badal jaataa haye; anubhav seey (aine. 3642, 4632). prabhu kii or seey lagaatar pravaahit honey vaali achchaae aur sachchai kewal iss hudd taka praapt kiya jaataa haye kii way baadhit naheen hotey hain burai aur jhooth (aine. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6 sabhi achche prabhu kii or seey pravaahit hotey hain, aur sabhi burey prabhu kii or seey. narak (aine. 904, 4151). aaj key samay mein manushya kaa maanana haye kii sub kuchh ander haye swayam aur swayam seey hain, jaba vaastav mein way ander bahate hain; aur yeh vaha church key siddhant seey pataa chala sakata haye, joe sikhaata haye kii sabhi achche bhagwan seey hain, aur sabhi burey bhagwan seey hain. shaitan (aine. 4249, 6193, 6206). lekin aggar manushya kaa vishvaas iss siddhant key anuroop thaa tou vaha naa vaha apane liye burai kaa upayog karega aur naa hii vaha karega uska apana honah achchha haye (aine. 6206, 6324, 6325). aadami kii sthiti kitni khush hogi aggar vaha maanata kii sub prabhu seey achchaae aatee haye aur narak seey saaree burai. (aine. 6325). joe swarg koo nakaarte hain yaa joe isake baare mein kuchh naheen jaanate hain, way naheen jaanate zaan lein kii swarg seey koee pravaah haye (aine. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). pravaah kyaa haye, tulanaa dwara darshaaya gayaa haye (aine. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jeevan kaa sub kuchh pahale fawware seey bahata haye jeevan, kyonki yahee iska srot haye; aur yeh lagaatar iss prakaar jeevan kaa sub kuchh bhagwan seey haye (aine. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). pravaah aadhyatmik haye aur bhautik naheen, yaani pravaah haye aadhyatmik duniya seey praakritik mein, aur seey naheen aadhyatmik mein praakritik (aine. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). aantarik vyakti key madhyam seey baahari mein pravaah hotaa haye, yaa aatma key madhyam seey shareer mein, naa kii vipareet, kyonki manushya kii aatma aadhyatmik duniya mein haye, aur praakritik mein uska shareer (aine. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). aantarik manushya aadhyatmik duniya mein haye aur praakritik duniya mein baahari (aine. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). aisaa prateet hotaa haye kii vahaan seey ack pravaah haye manushya key baahari aantarik roop mein, lekin yeh ack bhranti haye (aine. 3721). manushya key saath tarksangat cheejon mein pravaah haye, aur isake madhyam seey yeye gyaan mein hain, naa kii vipareet (aine. 1495, 1707, 1940). pravaah kaa crum kyaa haye (aine. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). prabhu seey seedha pravaah hotaa haye, aur isi tarah madhyasthata karate hain aadhyatmik duniya yaa swarg key madhyam seey pravaah (aine. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). prabhu kaa pravaah manushya mein achche mein haye, aur usake madhyam seey satya mein achchha, aur vipareet naheen (aine. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). achchha prabhu seey pravaah praapt karane kii kshamata detaa haye, lekin achche key binaa sachchai naheen hoti (aine. 8321). kuchh bhee naheen joe vichaar mein bahata haye vaha hanikarak haye, lekin kewal vaseeyat mein kyaa bahata haye, kyonki yeh vahee haye joe manushya key liye viniyojit (aine. 6308). [8] ack samanya pravaah haye (aine. 5850). yeh adesh key anusaar kaary karane kaa ack nirantar prayaas haye (aine. 6211). yeh pravaah jaanvaron key jeevan mein haye (aine. 5850). sabji samrajya key vishayon mein bhee (aine. 3648). yeh iss samanya pravaah key anuroop haye joe socha manushya key saath boll mein gir jaataa haye, aur kaary mein aur andolan (aine. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishay aatmaaen. [9] aatmaon key samajon seey anya mein bheji gaee aatmaaen samajon aur anya aatmaon koo "vishay" kahaa jaataa haye. 4403, 5856). anya jeevan mein sanchaar key madhyam seey prabhaavit hotey hain aisee doot aatmaaen (aine. 4403, 5856, 5983). ack vishay key roop mein seva karane key liye bheji gaee aatma naheen sochati haye khud seey, lekin una logon seey sochate hain jinake dwara unhein bheja gayaa haye aage (aine. 5985-5987). aisee aatmaon seey sambandhit kaee vivaran (aine. 5988, 5989).

swarga mattu naraka/63 <unk> adhyaya lxii 597. swarga mattu narakada naduvina samatolanavannu eega vivarisalaagide, mattu idu olleyadara naduvina samatolanavagide endu torisalaagide svargadinda mattu narakadinda baruva dushta, heege adhu ondu aadhyaatmika samatolana, adara moolatatvadalli swatantrya. aadhyaatmika adara moolatatvadalli samatolanavu svatantryavagide ekendare adhu samatolanavagide. olleya mattu kettadara naduve, mattu satya mattu sullina naduve, mattu ivu aadhyaatmika. aaddarinda yaavudu olleyadu athawa enu endu maadalu saadhyavaaguttade yaavudu kettadu mattu yaavudu nija athawa yaavudu sullu endu yochisuvudu, mattu wandakkinta innondannu ayke maadi, adhu illi iruva svatantryavagide. chikitse. ee svatantryavannu bhagavantanu pratiyobba manushyanigoo niididdaane, mattu endigoo tegedukondu hogalilla; vaastavaagi, adara moolada kaaranadindaagi adhu manushyanadalla. aadare adhu bhagavantaninda bandiruvudarinda adhu bhagavantanadu. aadaagyoo, idu nidalaagide manushyanige tanna pranavu avanade embante; mattu manushyanu tanna pranavannu koduvante idannu maadalaaguttade. allie svatantryavillade sudhaarane mattu ulisuva saamarthyavannu hondiri. yaavude sudhaarane athawa moksha iralu sadhyavilla. yaavude tarkabaddha antahpragneyondige yochisalu saadhyavaaguvudu manussian swatantryada ondu bhagavagide endu obbaru nodabahudu. tappagi athawa sariyagi, pramanikavagi athawa nishturavagi, nyayayutavagi athawa anyaayavaagi; aatanu sariyagi, pramanikavagi mattu nyayayutavagi maatanaadalu mattu vartisalu svatantranaagiddaane; aadare tappagi, pramanikavagi mattu anyaayavaagi maatanaaduvudu mattu vartisuvudu beda, ekendare aatana baahyavannu hidididuva aadhyaatmika, naitika mattu nagarika kaanunugala samyamadinda. hagadare, spashtavagi, idu manussian aatmave, adhu yochisuttade mattu ichchegalu, adhu svatantryadallide, mattu maatanaaduva mattu maatanaaduva avana bahyavalla melina kaanunugalige sammatisida horatu, ee kaayidegalu. 598. manushyanige svatantryavilladiddare, avanannu ee karanakkagi sudharisalaguvudilla. avanu ellah reetiya dushtatanagalalli huttiddaane; mattu ivugalannu tegeduhaakabeku avanu rakshisalpadalikkagi; mattu avanu horatu avarannu tegeduhakalu sadhyavilla avarannu tannolage noduttaane mattu avarannu oppikolluttaane, mattu nantara nillisuttaane avaru, mattu antimavagi avarannu dveshadalli hididittukolluttaare. alliyavarege illa avaru tegeduhaakidaru. mattu manushyanoo olleya sthitiyallirada horatu idannu maadalu sadhyavilla. kettadaralliruvante, olleyadaralliye aatanu kettaddannu nodalu shaktanaagiddaane, kettaddannu avanu olleyadannu nodalu sadhyavilla. manushyanu samarthanaagiruva aadhyaatmika sarakugalu aaa padavannu oduva moolaka avanu balyadindaloo kaliyuttaane mattu bodhisuvudu; mattu aata tanna jeevanadinda naitika mattu nagarika olitininda kaliyuttaane. prapancha. manushyanu svatantryadalliralu idu modala kaaranavaagide. [2]] innondu kaaranavendare manushyanige enu suktavo adannu horatupadisi bere yaavudoo yogyavagilla. tanna preetiya pritiyinda maadida. itara vastugalu praveshavannu padeyabahudu, aadare yochaneginta duravilla, ichcheyannu talupilla; mattu ene irali manussian ichchege pravesha padeyadiruvudu avanadalla, ekendare chintaneyu adakke sambandhisidaddannu nenapininda padeyuttade, aadare ichche adhu tanage sambandhisiddannu jivanadindale padeyuttade. kevala enu preetiya vatsalyadinda, ichche, athawa adhe enu, agirabahudu obba manushyanu taanu muktavaagi maaduva yaavude kelasakkagi athawa pritisuva yaavude kelasakkagi, adannu mukta endu kareyuttaare. parinaamavaagi manussian swatantrya mattu avana athawa avana preetiya preeti ondu iruttade. ee kaaranakkaagiye manushyanige svatantryavide, kramadalli avanu satya mattu olleyadara mele prabhaava beerabahudu athawa avarannu pritisabahudu, mattu heege avaru onde matinalli heluvudaadare, avaru aatana svantavaragiruvante [3] aagabahudu. manussian svatantryavannu praveshisadiddare adhu shashvatavalla, ekendare adhu aatana preeti athawa ichchege serilla, mattu yaavudu manussian pritige serilla preeti athawa ichcheyu aatana aatmakke serilla; ekendare [astitva]] manussian aatmavu preeti athawa ichcheyaagide. idannu preeti athawa ichche endu kareyalaaguttade, ekendare manushyanu taanu ishtapaduvadannu bayasuttaane. hagadare, manushyanannu sudharisalu idhe kaarana kevala swaatantryadalli. aadare manussian swatantryada vishayada bagge hecchu kaanabahudu kelage ullekhisalaada maargagalallina arkana kolestiyaadalli. 599. manushyanu swaatantryadalli iralu, avanu konegolluvavarege sudhaarisida aatanu tanna aatmakke sambandhisidante svargadondige samyojisalpattiddaane mattu narakadondige. ekendare pratiyobba manushyanondigoo narakadinda baruva aatmagalive. svargadinda banda devategalu. manushyanu narakada moolaka tannade aada sthitiyalliddaane dushta, aadare svargadinda banda devategala moolaka manushyanu olleyavanagiddane bhagavantaninda; heege aatanu aadhyaatmika samatolanadalliddaane, andare, swatantrya. svargadinda banda devategalu mattu narakadinda banda aatmagalu serikolluttave pratiyobba manushyanoo svargada samyogada adhyayadalli kanisabahudu. manava janangadondige (enn. 291-302). 600. svargadondige manussian samyogavannu arthamaadikollabeku mattu narakavu avarondige neravaada samyogavalla, aadare madhyasthike vahisuttade. aatmagala jagattinalliruva aatmagala moolaka samyoga. ee aatmagalu, mattu narakadinda athawa svargadinda yaaroo illa. manushyanondige. aatmagala jagattinalli dushtashaktigala moolaka manushyanu narakadondige besedukondidda aata, allie olleya aatmagala moolaka svargadondige besedukondaru. ee kaaranadindaagi aatmagala jagattu swarga mattu narakada naduvina madhyantara, mattu aaa jagattinalli swatah samatolana. (aatmagala jagattu madhyantaravagide swarga mattu narakada naduvina prapanchada adhyayadalli kaanabahudu. spirits, enn. 421-431; mattu avugala naduvina agatya samatolana swarga mattu narakavannu hindina adhyayadalli kaanabahudu, enn. 589-596.) ivelladarinda manussian swatantryada moolavu spashtavaguttade. 601. serikonda aatmagala bagge innoo enannaadaroo helalebeku. manushyanondige. idee samajavu innobbarondige samvahanavannu hondabahudu. samaja, athawa obba vyaktiyu elliddaroo avanondige; ondu aatmada moolaka samajadinda kaluhisida ee chaitanyavannu samajada vishaya endu kareyalaaguttade. aneka. svargadalliruva samajagalondige manussian samyogada vishayadalloo idu nijavagide. mattu narakadalliruva samajagalondige, prapanchada aatmagala moolaka manushyanondige serikonda aatmagalu. (ee vishayada baggeyoo nodi. kelage ullekhisalaada maargagalalli arkana colestia.) 602. antimavagi manussian antahpragneyannu gauravisi enannaadaroo helabeku. avana saavina nantarada jeevanakke sambandhisidante, idu avana olaharivininda bandide manushyanige swarga. kelavu sarala saamaanya janariddaru nambikeya olleyatanadalli jagattinalli vaasisuttiddaru, avarannu marali ondu avaru jagattinalli iddantaha raajya, adhu agirabahudu kartanu adannu niididaaga yaarondigaadaru maadidanu; mattu nantara adannu enu endu torisalaayitu saavina nantara manussian sthitiya bagge avaru abhipraya hondiddaru. avaru helidaru. jagattinalli kelavu buddhivanta vyaktigalu taavu enu endu keliddaru bhumiya melina jeevanada nantara tamma aatmada bagge yochisidaru; mattu avaru uttarisidaru. aatma endare enu endu avarige tilidiralilla. nantara avarannu enu endu kelalaayitu. avaru maranada nantara tamma sthitiya bagge nambiddaru; mattu avaru helidaru avaru aatmagalaagi badukuttaare endu nambiddaru. matte avarannu enu endu kelalaayitu. avaru aatmavannu gouravisuttaarendu nambiddaru; mattu avaru aata obba manushya endu helidaru. idu avarige hege gottaayitu endu avarannu kelalaayitu; mattu avaru adannu tilididdaare endu helidaru. ekendare adhu haage. aaa buddhivanta purusharu aashcharyachakitaraadaru saralarige antaha nambike ittu, adhu avarige swatah iralilla. idu svargadondige samyogadalliruva pratiyobba manushyanigoo ondu purave ide saavina nantarada avana jivanavannu gouravisuva antahpragne. ee antargyaanavu svargadinda, andare svargada moolaka horabaruva olaharivannu horatupadisi bere yaavude moolavilla. aatmagala prapanchada aatmagala moolaka bhagavantaninda manushyanondige serikonda. ee antahpragneyannu nandisadavaru hondiddaare ee hinde alavadisikonda mattu drudhikarisida kalpanegalinda avara chintaneya swatantrya manavana aatmavannu gouravisuva vividha vaadagala moolaka, suddha chintaneyo athawa yavudo pramukha tatvada pithavu dehadalli hudukalaaguttittu; aadaroo aatmavu jeevada horatu berenu alla. manushya, aatmavu manushyanaagiddare; mattu bhumiya dehavu avanu jagattinalli tannondige saagisuvavanu kevala obba agent aagiddu, aatmavu, swatah manushyanaagiddu, adaralli sooktavaagi kaaryanirvahisalu shaktavagide. naisargika jagattu. 603. svargada bagge ee krutiyalli enu helalaagide, prapanchada aatmagalu mattu narakavu asakti illadavarige aspashtavagiruttade. aadhyaatmika satyagala bagge kaliyuvudu, aadare aaa satyagalannu hondiruvavarige spashtavaguttade antaha aasaktiyu, mattu visheshavaagi preeti hondiruvavarige satyada saluvaagi, andare, satyavannu pritisuvavaru ekendare adhu satya; ekendare nantara pritisuva yaavudaadaru manassinolage belakinondige praveshisuttade. aalochane, visheshavaagi pritisuva satya, ekendare ellah satyavoo adarolage ide. belaku. manussian swatantrya, olaharivu mattu samvahanada moolaka parinama beeruva aatmagalannu gouravisuva akana kooyelestiyaadinda horategeyalaagide. swatantrya. ellah svatantryavu preeti athawa vatsalyakke sambandhiside, ekendare obba vyaktiyu pritisuttaane, avanu muktavaagi maaduttaane (enn. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). svatantryavu pritige sambandhisiruvudarinda adhu ellara jeevanavaagide. (enn. 2873). yaavudu manushyanigaagide embudannu horatupadisi bere yaavudoo manussian swantaddalla endu toruttade. swatantrya (enn. 2880). swargeeya swatantrya mattu narakada svatantryavide (enn. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the olleya mattu satyada preeti (enn. 1947, 2870, 2872). mattu olleya mattu satyada preetiyu bhagavantana swaatantryadinda bandante swatah bhagavantana netrutvadalli (enn. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). bhagavantanu manushyanannu swargeeya swaatantryakke karedoyyuttaane punarutpaadane (enn. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). manushyanu punarutpaaditaraagalu svatantryavannu hondirabeku (enn. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). bere yaavude reetiyalli olleya mattu satyada preeti iralu sadhyavilla. manushyanalli alavadisalaayitu, mattu avanante toruttade avanannu swadhinapadisikondanu swanta (enn. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). anivaaryateya sthitiyalli manushyanige yaavudoo samyojitavagilla (enn. 2875, 8700). manushyanannu balavantadinda sudharisalu sadhyavadare, ellaroo rakshisalpaduttare. (enn. 2881). sudhaaraneyalli ottaayavu haanikaarakavaagide (enn. 4031). swaatantryadinda baruva ellah aaraadhanegalu poojeyaagive, aadare swaatantryadinda baruva aaraadhanegalu. ottaya endare aaradhaneyalla (enn. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). pashchattapavannu mukta sthitiyalli jaarige tarabeku, mattu anivaaryateya sthitiyalli untaaguva pashchaattaapavu illa prayojana (enn. 8392). nirbandhada sthitigalu, avu yaavuvu (enn. 8392). [3] manushyanige swaatantryadinda vartisalu avakasha nidalaagide kaarana, antyadavarege avanige olleyadannu odagisabahudu, mattu adakkagiye manushyanige yochisuva mattu yochisuva svatantryavide. yaavudu kettadu, mattu kaanunugalu maadadashtu adannu maaduvudu nishedhisi (enn. 10777). manushyanannu bhagavantanu swarga mattu narakada naduve ittukondiddaane, mattu heege samatolanadalli, avanu svatantryadallirabahudu sudhaarane (enn. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). swaatantryadalli alavadisalaagiruvudu uliyuttade, aadare yaavudu alla balavantada adiyalli alavadisalaagide (enn. 9588). ee karanakkagi yaaroo avara swaatantryadinda endigoo vanchitaraaguvudilla (enn. 2876, 2881). bhagavantanu yaarannoo ottayisuvudilla (enn. 1937, 1947). obbara aatmavannu balavantapadisuvudu swaatantryadinda, aadare aagiruvudu alla balawanta (enn. 1937, 1947). manushyanu dushtatanavannu virodhisalu tannannu taanu ottayisikollabeku (enn. 1937, 1947, 7914). swatah olleyadannu maaduvante maadalu, mattu innoo angeekarisalu adhu bhagavantaninda bandide (enn. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). manushyanige pralobhanegala horaatagalalli balavaada svatantryavide. avanu adannu jayisuttaane, ekendare avanu tannannu taanu hecchu ottaayisikolluttaane aantarikavaagi pratirodhisalu, idu bere reetiyalli toruttadeyaadaru (enn. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] narakada svatantryavu janara pritigalinda munnadesuvudannu olagondiruttade. swayam mattu prapancha mattu avara kamagalu (enn. 2870, 2873). narakadalliruvavarige bere yaavude swatantrya tilidilla (enn. 2871). swargeeya svatantryavu narakada swaatantryadinda duravide. svargavu narakadinda bandante (enn. 2873, 2874). narakada swatantrya, idu pritigala netrutvavannu olagondiruttade swayam mattu prapanchada swaatantryavalla, aadare gulamgiri (enn. 2884, 2890). ekendare gulamagiriyu narakadinda munnadesalpaduttide (enn. 9586, 9589-9591). olaharivu. [5] manushyanu yochisuva mattu bayasuva ellah vishayagalu avanolage hariyuttave. anubhavadinda (enn. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). vishayagala bagge gamana harisuva, yochisuva manussian samarthya, mattu vishleshanaatmakavaagi tirmaanagalannu tegedukolluvudu olaharivininda (enn. 4319, 4320, 5288). manushyanu ondu kshanavoo badukalu sadhyavagalilla, adhu olaharivininda aadhyaatmika jagattannu avarinda kittukollalaayitu; anubhavadinda (enn. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). bhagavantaninda hariyuva jeevanavu adakke anugunavagi badalaaguttade. manussian sthitiyondige mattu swaagatakke anugunavagi (enn. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). kettavarondige olleyavugalu olagininda hariyuttave bhagavantanu dushtanaagi mattu satyavu sullaagi maarpattanu. anubhavadinda (enn. 3642, 4632). bhagavantaninda nirantaravagi hariyuva olleya mattu satya avugalige yaavude adetadegalillada mattige sweekarisalaaguttade dushta mattu sullina moolaka (enn. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6. ellah olleyavugalu kartanindaloo ellah kettavugalu kartanindaloo hariyuttave. naraka (enn. 904, 4151). indina manushyanu ellavoo adarolage ide endu nambuttaane. swatah mattu swatah swatah, vaastavaagi avaru hariyuvaaga; mattu idu aatanige churchna siddhaantadinda tiliyabahudu, idu ellah olleyavugalu devarinda bandive mattu ellah kettavugalu devarinda bandive endu kalisuttade. devva (enn. 4249, 6193, 6206). aadare manussian nambikeyu ee siddhaantakke anugunavagiddare, avanu aatanu tanage taane kettaddannu hondisikolluvudilla athawa maaduvudoo illa avana svantavagiruvudu olleyadu (enn. 6206, 6324, 6325). ellaroo higendu nambidare manussian sthiti eshtu santoshavagiruttade? olleyavu bhagavantaninda mattu ellah kettavugalu narakadinda hariyuttave. (enn. 6325). svargavannu nirakarisuvavaru athawa adara bagge enoo tiliyadavaru svargadinda yaavude olaharivu ide endu tiliyiri (enn. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). olaharivu endarenu, holikegalinda vivarisalaagide (enn. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jeevanada ellavoo modala kaaranjininda hariyuttade jeevana, ekendare adhu adara moolavaagide; mattu adhu nirantaravagi heege jeevanada ellavoo bhagavantanindale hariyuttade (enn. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). olaharivu aadhyaatmikavaagide mattu bhautikavalla, andare, olaharivu aadhyaatmika prapanchadinda naisargika jagattige, mattu avarindalla aadhyatmikavaagi naisargika (enn. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). olaharivu aantarika manussian moolaka baahyakke, athawa aatmada moolaka dehakke, mattu viruddhavaagi alla, ekendare manussian aatmavu aadhyaatmika jagattinallide, mattu naisargikavagi avana dehavu (enn. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). aantarika manushyanu aadhyaatmika jagattinalliddaane mattu naisargika jagattinalli baahya (enn. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). allinda olaharivu ide endu toruttade manussian bahyagalu aantarikavaagi, aadare idu ondu bhrame (enn. 3721). manushyanalli tarkabaddhavaada vishayagalige olaharivu ide, mattu adara moolaka ivu gnaanagalaagi, mattu vyatiriktavaagilla (enn. 1495, 1707, 1940). olaharivina krama enu (enn. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). bhagavantaninda nera olaharivu ide, mattu adhe reeti madhyasthike vahisi aadhyaatmika jagattu athawa svargada moolaka olaharivu (enn. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). bhagavantana olaharivu manussian olagina olitige olagaaguttade, mattu satyakke olleyadu, mattu viruddhavagilla (enn. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). olleyadu bhagavantaninda olaharivannu padeyuva saamarthyavannu niiduttade, aadare olleyadarillada satyavu (enn. 8321). aalochaneyalli hariyuva yaavudoo hanikarakavalla, aadare kevala ichchege enu hariyuttade, ekendare idu manushyanige niyojisalagide (enn. 6308). [8] saamaanya olaharivu ide (enn. 5850). idu adeshakke anugunavagi kaaryanirvahisuva nirantara prayatnavagide. (enn. 6211). ee olaharivu pranigala jeevanakke seruttade (enn. 5850). tarakari saamraajyada vishayagaligoo saha (enn. 3648). ee saamaanya olaharivina prakaarave ee yochane manushyanondige matinalli beeluttaane, mattu kriyegalalli mattu karyagalalli todaguttaane. chalanegalu (enn. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishaya aatmagalu. [9] aatmagala samajagalinda itararige kaluhisalaada aatmagalu samajagalu mattu itara aatmagalige, "vishayagalu" endu kareyalaaguttade (enn. 4403, 5856). itara jeevanadalli samvahanagalu ee moolaka parinama biruttaveh antaha doota aatmagalu (enn. 4403, 5856, 5983). ondu vishayavaagi seve sallisalu kaluhisalaada aatmavu yochisuvudilla tannashtakke taane, aadare tannannu kaluhisidavarinda yochisuttaane munde (enn. 5985-5987). antaha aatmagalige sambandhisida aneka vivaragalu (enn. 5988, 5989).

swarggavum narakavum/63 <unk>ezhuthuka 597. swarggavum narakavum thammilulla santhulithaavastha ippol vivarikkappettittund, nanma thammilulla santhulithaavasthayaanennu theliyikkappettittund. svarggathil ninnum narakatthil ninnumulla tinmayum angane athmeeya santhulithaavastha, athinte saaraamshathil swaathanthryamaanu. athmeeya santhulithaavastha athinte sathayil swaathanthryamaanu, kaaranam athu oru santhulithaavasthayaanu. nanmayum tinmayum, sathyavum asathyavum, evaykkidayilaanu athmeeya. athinaal onnukil nallath allengil enthaanu cheyyaan kazhiyuka thinmayaanu, onnukil enthaanu sathyam allengil enthaanu thettu ennu chinthikkuka, mattonninekkaal orennam thiranjedukkuka, athu ivideyulla swaathanthryamaanu. chikilsichu. eee swaathanthryam oro manushyan karthaav nalkiyathaanu, orikkalum eduthukalanjittilla; vaasthavathil, athinte uthbhavam kaaranam athu manushyantethalla. ennaal athu karthaavil ninnullathinaal karthaavintethaanu. ennirunnaalum, athu nalkunnu thante jeevan thante jeevan poleyaaya manushyanodu; manushyan jeevikkendathinaanu ithu cheiyunnathu. parishkkarikkanum samrakshikkanum ulla kazhivu undu; kaaranam avide swaathanthryamilla athu parishkaranamo rakshayo aakilla. yukthisahamaya eathenkilum avabodhathode chinthikkaan kazhiyunnath manushyante swaathanthryathinte bhaagamaanenn oraalkk kaanaan kazhiyum. thettaayo shariyaayo, aathmaarthamaayo aathmaarthamaayo, neethiyaayo aneethiyaayo; sariyaayum sathyasandhamaayum neethiyaayum samsarikkaanum pravartthikkaanum addehathinu swaathanthryamundennum; ennaal thettaayum aathmaarthathayillaathe aneethiyaayum samsaarikkaathirikkukayum pravartthikkukayum cheyyuka, kaaranam avante bahyamaaya nilanilkkunna aathmeeyavum dhaarmikavum sivil niyamangalum samyamanathode. appol vyakthamayum chinthikkunnathum chinthikkunnathum manushyante aathmaavaanu. ichhaashakthikal, athu swaathanthryathilaanu, samsaarikkunna avante baahyamalla melpparanja niyamangalumayi yojikkunnathu ozhikeyulla pravrithikal. 598. swaathanthryam illengil manushyane parishkarikkaan kazhiyilla, kaaranam avan ellaatharam thinmakalilum janichavanaanu; avaa neekkam cheyyappedanam. avan rakshikkappeduvaanaayi; avan allathe avaa neekkam cheyyaan kazhiyilla. avare svayam kaanukayum amgeekarikkukayum cheiyunnu, pinneedu avar athu cheiyunnathu avasaanippikkunnu. avare verukkukayum oduvil avare verukkukayum cheyyum. athuvare illa avar neekkam cheythu. manushyan nalla avasthayilallengil ithu cheyyaan kazhiyilla. thinmayil ullathupole, nanmayil ninnaan thinmakal kaanaan kazhiyunnath, thinmayil ninnu avanu nanma kaanaan kazhiyilla. manushyan kazhivulla athmeeya vasthukkal kuttikkalam muthal eee vaakk vaayikkunnathiloode avan padikkunna chinthayude prasamgikkuka; avan thante jeevithathil ninnu dhaarmikavum nagarikavumaaya nanma padikkunnu. lokathil. manushyan swaathanthryathilaayirikkaniri aadya kaaranam ithaanu. [2]] manushyan mattonnum viniyogikkappedunnil ennathaanu mattoru kaaranam. thante snehathinte vaalsalyathilninnaanu ithu cheythath. mattu kaaryangalkk praveshanam labhichekkaam, ennaal chinthayekkaal akaleyalla, ichhaashakthiyil athunnilla; enthum manushyante ishtathil praveshikkaathavan avantethaayitheerunnilla. chintha athumaayi bandhappettath oormmayil ninnaan uruthirinjathu, athesamayam ichhaashakthi athumaayi bandhapetta karyangal jeevithathil ninnu thanne labhikkunnu. enthaanennu maathram snehathinte vaalsalyathil ninnulla ichhaashakthi allengil atheth, aakam swathanthramaayi vilikkappedunnu, oru manushyan thaan aagrahikkunnatho snehikkunnatho aaya enthum swathanthramaayi cheiyunnu; thathfalamaayi manushyante swaathanthryavum avante snehathinteyo snehathinteyo vaalsalyavum orennam aayirikkum. eee kaaranathaalaanu manushyan kramatthil swaathanthryam ullathu. avan sathyavum nanmayum kondu swaadheenikkappedaano avare snehikkaano, angane avar oru vakkil avar thante [3] swanthamaanennu thonniyekkaam, enthuthanneyaayaalum manushyante swaathanthryathil praveshikkaathathinu shaashwathamilla, kaaranam athu cheiyunnu. avante snehathino ichhaashakthikko ullathalla, manushyante ishtathinillaathathum snehamo ichhaashakthiyo aviduthe athmaavintethalla; kaaranam, aaa asthithvam thanne [saaramsham]] manushyante aathmaav snehamo ichhaashakthiyo aanu. ithu sneham allengil ishtam ennu parayappedunnu, kaaranam oru manushyan thaan eshtappedunnathenthaano athu aagrahikkunnu. athukondaanu manushyane parishkarikkaan kazhiyunnath. swaathanthryathil maathram. ennaal manushyante swaathanthryam enna vishayathekkurichu kooduthal kaanaan kazhiyum. chuvade paraamarshichirikkunna bhaagangalile arkana collestiyayil. 599. manushyan swaathanthryathilaayirikku, avasaanam vare parishkarikkapetta avan thante athmaavumaayi swarggavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu oppam narakavum. enthennaal, oro manushyanodum narakatthil ninnulla aathmaakkalundu. svarggathil ninnulla maalaakhamaar. narakatthiloodeyaanu manushyan thantethaaya avasthayilaakunnathu. thinma, svarggathil ninnulla maalaakhamaar vazhiyaan manushyan nalla avasthayil aayirikkunnath karthaavil ninnu; angane avan athmeeya santhulithaavasthayilaanu, athaayath, swaathanthryam. svarggathil ninnulla maalaakhamaarum narakatthil ninnulla aathmaakkalum onnikkunnu swarggathinte samyojanathekkurichulla adhyaayathil oro manushyan kaananakum. manushyaraashiyodoppam (enn. 291-302). 600. manushyan swarggavumaayi samyojichuvennu manassilakkanam. narakavumaayulla bandham avarumaayulla nerittulla bandhamalla, marichu oru madhyasthanaanu. aathmaavinte lokathulla aathmaakkaliloode samyojippikkal. eee athmaakkal, narakatthil ninno svarggathil ninno ullavararum allah. purushanodoppam. aathmaakkalude lokathile dushtaathmaakkaliloode manushyan narakavumaayi chernnu, avide nalla aathmaakkaliloode avan swarggavumaayi chernnu. ekkaaranathaal aathmaavinte lokam swarggathinum narakatthinum edayilulla, aaa lokathil santhulithaavastha thanne. (aathmaavinte lokam idatharam aanennu swarggathinum narakatthinum edayilulla eee lokathinte adthyaayathil kaanam. spiritts, enn. 421-431; koodaathe avaa thammilulla avashya santhulithaavasthayum swarggavum narakavum muun adhyaayathil kaanaan kazhiyum, enn. 589-596.) ithilninnellaam manushyante swaathanthryathinte uravidam vyakthamaan. 601. chernna aathmaavinekkurich kooduthal enthengilum parayanam. purushanodoppam. oru samoohathinu muzhuvan mattoraalumaayi ashayavinimayam nadatthaam. samoohathodoppamo allengil oru vyakthi evideyaayirunnaalum; oru aathmaaviloode samoohathil ninnu ayacha eee aathmaavine vishayam ennu vilikkunnu. palathum. svarggathile samoohangalumaayulla manushyante samyojanathinteyum sthithi ithuthanne. narakatthile samoohangalodoppam, lokathil ninnulla aathmaakkaliloode manushyanumaayi chernna athmaakkal. (eee vishayathilum kaanuka chuvade paraamarshichirikkunna bhaagangalile arkana collestia.) 602. oduvil manushyante avabodhathe maanikkunna enthengilum parayanam. maranananthara jeevithathe sambandhichidatholam, athu maranatthinte ozhukkiloode uruthirinjathaanu. manushyanil swarggam. chila saadhaaranakkaar undaayirunnu vishwaasathinte nanmayil lokathil jeevichavare oru lokathilekku thirike konduvannu. avar lokathil undaayirunnathupolulla avastha, karthaav anuvadikkumbol aarenkilumaayi cheythathaanu; pinne enthaanu cheythathennu kaanichu. maranananthara manushyante avasthayekkurichu avar abhipraayappettirunnu. avar paranju. enthaanennu lokathile chila budhijeevikal avarodu chodichirunnu bhoomiyile jeevithathinushesham avarude aathmaavinekkurich chinthichu; avar marupadi paranju. aathmaav enthaanennu avarkk ariyillaayirunnu. appol avarodu enthaanu chodichathennu maranashesham avar thangalude avasthayekkurichu vishwasikkukayum avar parayukayum cheythu avar aathmaavukalaayi jeevikkumennu vishwasichu. enthaanu ennu veendum avarodu chodichu. avar oru aathmaavine bahumaanikkunnuvenn vishwasikkukayum avan oru manushyanaanennu avar parayukayum cheythu. ithu engane arinju ennu avarodu chodikkukayum athu thangalkkariyamenn parayukayum cheythu. kaaranam athu angane thanneyaanu. aaa budhiyullavar athbhuthappettu, lalitharkku atharamoru vishwaasamundaayirunnu, athu avarkk thanne undaayirunnilla. ithaanu swarggavumaayi chernnirikkunna oro manushyan undu ennathinte thelivaanu maranananthara jeevithathe bahumaanikkunna oru avabodham. eee avabodham svarggathil ninnulla ozhukal, athaayath svarggathiloode ozhukukayallaathe mattoru uravidavumilla. aathmaavinte lokathilninnulla athmaakkal vazhi karthaavilninnu purushanodoppam chernnu. eee avabodham illaathaayavarkku undu munbu sweekarikkukayum sthireekarikkukayum cheytha aashayangaliloode avarude chintha swaathanthryathe manushyante aathmaavine bahumaanikkunna vividha vaadangaliloode, onnukil shudhamaaya chinthayo allengil athinte aasthaanamaaya chila supradhana thathwangalo shareerathil anweshikkappedunnu; ennittum aathmaav jeevan maathramaan manushyan, aathmaav manushyan thanne; bhoomiyile shareeram avan lokathil thannodoppam vahikkunnath oru ejantu maathramaan, athil manushyan thanne aaya aathmaav, athil uchithamayi pravartthikkaan prapthamaakunnu. prakrithi lokam. 603. svarggathekkurichulla eee kruthiyil enthaanu paranjirikkunnathu, aathmaakkalum narakavum thaalpparyamillaathavarkku avyakthamayirikkum. athmeeya sathyangalekkurich padikkuka, pakshe avaa ullavarkku athu vyakthamaakum atharam oru thaalparyam, prathyekichu snehamullavarkk sathyam ennathinuvendiyulla sathyam, athaayath, sathyam ennathinaalaanu avar athine snehikkunnathu. sathyam; enthennaal, appol snehikkappedunnathennum prakaashatthode manassinte ullil praveshikkunnu. chintha, prathyekichu snehikkappedunna sathyam, kaaranam ellah sathyavum athil undu. velicham. manushyante swaathanthryam, varavu, ashayavinimayam nadathunna athmaakkal ennivaye maanikkunna akana koolestiyayil ninnulla sathil ninnulla sathil ninnu. swaathanthryam. ellah swaathanthryavum snehathino vaalsalyathino bandhappettirikkunnu, enthuthanneyaayaalum oru manushyan snehikkunnu, avan swathanthramaayi cheiyunnu (enn. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). swaathanthryam snehavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnathil athu ellaavarudeyum jeevithamaan. (enn. 2873). manushyante svanthamaayi mattonnum kaanapedunnilla, athilninnallathe swaathanthryam (enn. 2880). swargeeya swaathanthryavum narakaswaathanthryavum undu (enn. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the nanmayudeyum sathyathinteyum sneham (enn. 1947, 2870, 2872). nanmayudeyum sathyathinteyum sneham karthaavil ninnulla swaathanthryamaanu karthaav nayikkunnathil thanne ulppedunnu (enn. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). karthaav manushyane swargeeya swaathanthryathilekku nayikkunnu. punarujjeevanam (enn. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). manushyan punarujjeevippikkadengilpeda swaathanthryam undaayirikkanam (enn. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). nanmayudeyum sathyathinteyum sneham mattoru tharatthilum aakaan kazhiyilla. manushyanil sthaapikkukayum thantethaayi thonnunnathupole avan viniyogikkukayum cheythu. svanthamaayi (enn. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). nirbandhaavasthayil onnum manushyanumaayi samyojippichitla (enn. 2875, 8700). nirbandhathiloode manushyane parishkarikkaan kazhiyumenkil ellaavarum rakshikkappedum. (enn. 2881). parishkaranatthil nirbandham haanikaramaan (enn. 4031). swaathanthryathil ninnulla ellah aaraadhanakalum aaraadhanayaanu, ennaal swaathanthryathil ninnulla aaraadhanayaanu. nirbandham aaraadhanayalla (enn. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). anuthapam oru swathanthraavasthayil nadappaakkanam, oppam nirbandhaavasthayil varuthappedunna anuthapam illa prayojanam (enn. 8392). nirbandhathinte avasthakal, avaa enthokkeyaanu (n. 8392). [3] manushyante swaathanthryathilninn pravartthikkaan anuvadichittundu. kaaranam, avasaanam vare avanu nanma nalkaam, athukondaanu manushyan chinthikkaanum chinthikkaanum polum swaathanthryamullathu. enthaanu thinma, niyamangal cheyyaathidatholam athu cheyyuka nirodhikkuka (enn. 10777). manushyane karthaav swarggathinum narakatthinum idayil sookshikkunnu, angane santhulithaavasthayil, avan swaathanthryathilaayirikkun vendi parishkarana (enn. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). swaathanthryathil sthaapikkunnathu nilanilkkunnu, pakshe athu allah nirbandhaprakaaram sthaapichu (enn. 9588). ekkaaranathaal aarum orikkalum addehathinte swaathanthryam nashtappeduthunnilla (enn. 2876, 2881). karthaav aareyum nirbandhikkunnilla (enn. 1937, 1947). oraalude svayam nirbandhikkunnathu swaathanthryathil ninnaan, pakshe aayirikkunnathalla nirbandhitha (enn. 1937, 1947). thinmaye cherukkaan oru manushyan svayam nirbandhikkanam (enn. 1937, 1947, 7914). thannilninnu thanne nanma cheiyunnathupole, ennittum amgeekarikkaathe athu karthaavil ninnullathaanennu (enn. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). pralobhana poraattangalil manushyan sakthamaaya swaathanthryamundu. athu avan keezhadakkunnu, kaaranam avan svayam kooduthal nirbandhithanaakunnu ethirkkaan aantharikamaayi, athu vyathyasthamayi kaanappedunnundengilum (enn. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] narakaswaathanthryam ennathu manushyarude snehathaal nayikkappedunnathaanu. svayam, lokavum avarude mohangalum (enn. 2870, 2873). narakatthilullavarkku mattoru swaathanthryavum ariyilla (enn. 2871). swargeeya swaathanthryam narakaswaathanthryathil ninnu valare akaleyaan. swarggam narakatthil ninnullathaanu (enn. 2873, 2874). snehangalaal nayikkappedunna narakaswaathanthryam svayam lokathinteyum swaathanthryamalla, marichu adimathamaanu (enn. 2884, 2890). kaaranam adimatham narakam nayikkunnathaanu (enn. 9586, 9589-9591). ozhukkil. [5] manushyan chinthikkukayum aagrahikkukayum cheiyunna ellah kaaryangalum avanilekku ozhukunnu. anubhavathil ninnu (enn. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). vishayangalil shradha cheluthaanum chinthikkaanum ulla manushyante kazhivu, vishakalanaparamayi nigamanagalil athicherunnathu infloyil ninnaan (n. 4319, 4320, 5288). manushyante oru nimisham polum jeevikkaan kazhiyilla, athilninnu ozhukiyethiyaal aathmeeyalokam addehathil ninnu eduthukalanju; anubhavathil ninnu (enn. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). karthaavilninnu ozhukunna jeevitam athinanusarichu vyathyaasappedunnu. manushyante avasthayodum sweekaranathinanusrithamaayumam (enn. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). thinmayullavarodu koode, athil ninnu ozhukunna nanmayum karthaav thinmayayum sathyam nunayaayum maarunnu. anubhavathil ninnu (enn. 3642, 4632). karthaavilninnu nirantharam ozhukunna nanmayum sathyavum thadassappedaathavidham maathram sweekarikkappedunnu tinmayum nunayum (enn. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6. ellah nanmayum karthaavilninnum ellah tinmayum ozhukunnu. narakam (enn. 904, 4151). innathe manushyan vishwasikkunnathu ellaam ullilaanennu avar svayam ozhukumbol avar svayam ninnu aakunnu; sabhayude sidhaanthathil ninnu addeham ithu arinjekkaam, ellah nanmayum daivathil ninnullathaanennum ellah thinmakalum daivathil ninnullathaanennum padippikkunna pishach (enn. 4249, 6193, 6206). ennaal manushyante vishwaasam eee sidhaanthathinu anusrithamaanengil addeham thinma avan tanikku thanne baadhikkaathirikkukayo cheyyaathirikkukayo cheyyilla. svanthamaayirikkunnathu nallathaanu (enn. 6206, 6324, 6325). ellaavarum angane vishwasichirunnengil manushyante avastha ethra santhoshakaramaayirunnene. nanma karthaavil ninnum thinma narakatthil ninnum ozhukunnu. (enn. 6325). svarggathe nishedhikkukayo athinekkurichu onnum ariyaathirikkukayo cheiyunnavarkku athu cheyyaan kazhiyilla. svarggathil ninnu enthengilum ozhukiyethiyittunde ariyuka (n. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). enthaanu inflo, thaarathamyangal kondu chithreekarichirikkunnu (enn. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jeevante ellah kaaryangalum aadyathe uravayil ninnaan ozhukunnathu. jeevitam, kaaranam athaanu athinte uravidam; athu nirantharam angane jeevante ellah kaaryangalum karthaavilninnaanu (enn. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). ozhukk aathmeeyamaan, shaareerikamalla, athaayath, ozhukk athmeeya lokathil ninnu prakrithiyilekku, allathe athil ninnalla aathmeeyathayilekku swaabhaavikam (enn. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). aantharika manushyan vazhiyaan purathekkulla ozhukk, allengil aathmaaviloode shareerathilekku, marichalla, kaaranam manushyante aathmaav athmeeya lokathaanu, avante shareeram swaabhaavikamaayi (enn. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). aantharika manushyan athmeeya lokathaanu, prakrithi lokathil baahya (enn. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). athil ninnu oru ozhukk undennu thonnunnu manushyante baahyabhagangal aantharikabhaagangalilekk, pakshe ithu oru thettidhaaranayaanu (enn. 3721). manushyanodoppam yukthisahamaya kaaryangalilekkum athiloode ulla varavundu. iva arivukalaayi maarunnu, marichalla (enn. 1495, 1707, 1940). enthaanu infloyude kramam (n. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). karthaavil ninnu nerittu ozhukunnu, athupole madhyasthathayum cheiyunnu. athmeeya lokathiloodeyo swarggathiloodeyo ozhukunnu (enn. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). karthaavinte varavu manushyante nanmayilekkum athiloode sathyathilekku nallath, marichalla (enn. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). nanma karthaavil ninnu ozhukk sweekarikkaanulla kazhivu nalkunnu. ennaal nanmayillaatha sathyam (enn. 8321). chinthayilekku ozhukunna onnum doshakaramalla, pakshe ichhaashakthiyilekku enthaanu ozhukunnathu, kaaranam ithaanu manushyan nalkappetta (enn. 6308). [8] oru pothu varavu undu (n. 5850). kramamanusarichu pravarthikkaanulla nirantharamaaya sramamaanithu. (enn. 6211). eee ozhukk mrugangalude jeevithathilekkaanu (enn. 5850). pachakkari saamraajyathinte vishayangalilum (enn. 3648). eee pothuvaaya ozhukkinodu yojichaanu chinthichathu. manushyanodoppam samsaarathil veezhukayum pravrithikalilum ichhaashakthiyilum veezhukayum cheiyunnu. chalanagal (enn. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishaya athmaakkal. [9] aathmaavinte samoohangalilninnu mattullavayilekku ayacha athmaakkal samoohangaleyum mattu aathmaakkaleyum "vishayangal" ennu vilikkunnu (enn. 4403, 5856). mattu jeevithathile ashayavinimayangal ithiloode baadhikkappedunnu atharam dhootha athmaakkal (enn. 4403, 5856, 5983). oru vishayamaayi sevikkaan ayacha oru aathmaav chinthikkunnilla. thannilninnu, ennaal avan ayachavaril ninnu chinthikkunnu munnott (enn. 5985-5987). atharam aathmaakkalumaayi bandhapetta niravadhi vishadaamshangal (enn. 5988, 5989).

swarg aanee narak/63 <unk> adhyay lxii 597. swarg aanee narak yanchyatil samtol aata varnan keela gela aahe, aanee heey dakhavun dile gele aahe qee heey changlya goshtinmadhil santulan aahe swargatoon aanee narkatoon aaleli dushtata, asha prakare qee tee eka aadhyatmik santulan, jeey tyachya saramadhye swatantrya aahe. aadhyatmik santulan heey tyache saar mhanje swatantrya aahe kaaran teey eka santulan aahe. changlya aanee vaitamadhye aanee satya aanee khotepanamadhye, aanee heey aadhyatmik. mhanoon jeey changle aahe kinwa kaay aahe teey karoo shakane white aahe aanee ektar kaay kharey aahe kinwa kaay khote aahe yacha vichar karane, aanee eka dusyachya pasantila nivada, jeey swatantrya yethe aahe upchar kele. heey swatantrya pratyek mansala prabhune dile aahe aanee kadhihi hiravoon ghetale nahee; kharey tarr, tyachya utpattimule teey manushyache nahee pann prabhuche, kaaran teey prabhukadoon aahe. matra, tee dilee jaate tyachya jivapramane mansasathi; aanee heey kele jaate jenekarun manus tyache jeevan jagoo shakel. sudharana karanyachi aanee vachavanyachi kshamata aahe; kaaran tithe swatantryashivay sudharana kinwa taaran houu shakat nahee. konatyahi tarkshuddha antardnyanasah vichar karnyas saksham hone haah mansachya swatantryacha eka bhag aahe heey aapan pahoo shakato. chukiche kinwa yogya, pramanikpane kinwa pramanikpane, nyayya kinwa anyaykarakpane; tasech too yogya, pramanikpane aanee nyayyapane bolanyas aanee vagnyas swatantra aahe; pann chukiche, avichari aanee anyaykarakpane bolu aanee vagoo naye, kaaran aadhyatmik, naitik aanee nagri kayade jyandware tyache bahya sthan dharan kele jaate sanyamane. tarr mug, spashtapane, too manushyacha aatma aahe, joou vichar karato aanee ichcha, jee swatantryat aahe, aanee bolanari aanee bolanari tyachi bahya nahee vareel kayadyanshi sahmat vagalata kayade. 598. joparyant manushyala swatantrya nahee toparyant tyachyat sudharana houu shakat nahee, kaaran qee too serve prakarchya white goshtinmadhye janmala aahe aanee tyaa door kelya pahijet jenekarun tyache taaran houu shakel; aanee too asalyashivay tyanna hatvale jaau shakat nahee. tyanna swatamadhye pahato aanee tyanna swikarato aanee nantar teey thambatat teey kartil aanee shevati tyanna tiraskarat thevatat. toparyant nahee tyanni kadhoon takale. aanee joparyant manushyahi changlya sthiteet nahee toparyant heey kele jaau shakat nahee. jase vaitat, kaaran too changalyapasun white goshti pahoo shakato, tarr vaitatoon tyala changle disat nahee. manushya saksham asalelya aadhyatmik vastoo vichar karane too balpanapasun shabd vachoon shikato aanee upadesh karane; aanee too tyachya aayushyatun naitik aanee nagri kalyan shikato. vishva. manushyane swatantryat rahanyache heey pahile kaaran aahe. [2]] dusare kaaran mhanje jeey aahe tyashivay kahihi manushyala dile jaat nahee tyachya premachya premane kele. itar goshti pravesh karoo shakatat, pann vicharapeksha door nahee, ichcheparyant pohochat nahee; aanee jeey kahee manushyachya ichchemadhye pravesh naan milane tyache hott nahee, kaaran vichar heey tyachyashi sambandhit asalelya goshti smrutitoon midavatat, tarr ichchhashakti tyachyashi sambandhit goshti jivanapasunach midavatat. fakt kaay aahe premachya premapasoon ichchhashakti kinwa teech gosht asoo shakate jyala mukt mhatale jaate, too jyala muktapane karato, too tyala havey kinwa tyala aavadate, tyasathi; parinami, manasache swatantrya aanee tyachya premachi kinwa tyachya premachi preeti eka asel. yach karanamule mansala swatantrya aahe, kramanusar jenekarun too satya aanee changlya goshtincha prabhav padu shakel kinwa tyanchyavar prem karoo shakel aanee asha prakare teey eka shabdat tyache swatache [3] asalyasarkhe houu shakatat, kahihi asso. mansachya swatantryat pravesh naan kelyas tyala shashvati nasate, kaaran teey jeey tyachya premache kinwa ichcheche nahee aanee jeey mansachya ichcheche nahee prem kinwa ichcha tyachya aatmyachi nasate; kaaran tyach astitvasathi [saar]] manushyachya aatmyache prem kinwa ichchhashakti aahe. asey mhanatat qee prem kinwa ichcha, kaaran manus tyala jeey aavadate teey ichchito. mhanunach mansamadhye sudharana karata yeu shakate fakt swatantryat. pann manvi swatantryachya vishayavar adhik pahile jaau shakate khalee namood kelelya marganmadhil arkana collestiamadhye. 599. jenekarun manushya mukt houu shakel, agadi shevatparyant qee too sudharle, too tyachya aatmyachya sandarbhat swargasah jodala gela aahe aanee narkat. kaaran pratyek mansabarobar narkatil aatme aahet aanee swargatil devadute. narkachya madhyamatunach manus tyachya swatachya aat aahe white, tarr swargatil devdutanchya madhyamatunach manushya changlya sthiteet aahe prabhukadoon; asha prakare too aadhyatmik samatolat aahe, mhanje, swatantrya. qee swargatil devadute aanee narkatil aatme jodale jaatat pratyek manus swargachya sanyogavaril adhyayat disu shakato manavjatisah (aine. 291-302). 600. heey samajoon ghetale pahije qee manushyacha swargabarobar sanyog aanee narak haah tyanchyashi thet sanyog nahee, tarr madhyasth aahe aatmyanchya jagaat asalelya aatmyanchya madhyamatoon sanyojan. heey aatme, aanee narkatoon kinwa swargatoon konihi naheet, purushabarobar. aatmyanchya jagaat dusht aatmyanchya madhyamatoon manushya aahe narkat sameel houn, aanee tethe too changlya aatmyanchya madhyamatoon aahe swargasobat jodale gele. yamule aatmyanche jug aahe swarg aanee narak yanchyatil madhyavarti, aanee tyaa jagaat swatamadhye santulan. (qee aatmyanche jug madhyavarti aahe swarg aanee narak yanchyatil jagavaril adhyayat disu shakate aatma, aine. 421-431; aanee teey qee darmyan aavashyak santulan swarg aanee narak aahe heey aadhichya adhyayat disu shakate, aine. 589-596.) yaa sarvanmadhun mansachya swatantryacha srot spasht hoto. 601. jodalelya aatmyambaddal aanakhi kahitari sangane aavashyak aahe purushabarobar. sampoorn samaj dusya samajashi sanvad sadhu shakato. samaj, kinwa ekhadya vyaktisobat too jithe jithe asel tithe; aatmyachya madhyamatoon samajatoon pathavalela; yaa bhavnela samajacha vishay mhanatat anek. swargatil samajanshi mansachya sanyogachya babatitahi hetch kharey aahe, aanee narkatil samajansah, jagatil aatmyanchya madhyamatoon manushyashi jodalele aatme. (yaa vishayavar dekhil pahaa khalee namood kelelya marganmadhye arkana colestia.) 602. shevati, mansachya antardnyanacha aadar karoon kahitari sangane aavashyak aahe. tyachya mrutyunantarchya jivanabaddal jeey tyachya pravahatoon prapt hote swargat manus. kahee sadhe samanya lock hote jyanchya vishvasachya changlya jagaat jagale jyanna parat eka jagaat aanale gele jyaa jagaat teey hote, teey asey rajya asoo shakate jevha prabhu tyala parvanagi deto tevha konabarobarhi kele jaate; aanee nantar teey kaay aahe heey dakhavale gele mrutyunantarchya mansachya sthitibaddal tyanche mutt hote. teey mhanale qee kahee buddhiman vyaktinni tyanna jagaat vicharale hote qee teey kaay karatat? pruthvivaril jivananantar tyanchya aatmyabaddal vichar keela aanee tyanni uttar dile qee tyanna aatma mhanje kaay heey maheet navhate. mug tyanna vicharale gele qee kaay? mrutyunantarchya tyanchya sthitivar tyancha vishvas hota aanee teey mhanale qee, teey aatmyanpramane jagatil assa tyancha vishvas hota. tyanna punha vicharale gele qee kaay? tyanna vishvas hota qee teey aatmyacha aadar karatat aanee teey mhanale qee too eka manus aahe. tyanna heey kase maheet hote asey vicharale gele aanee teey mhanale qee tyanna heey maheet aahe. kaaran teey tase aahe. tyaa buddhiman purushanna aashchary vatale qee sadha assa vishvas hota, joou tyanna swatah navhata. heey aahe eka purava qee pratyek mansamadhye joou swargat aahe mrutyunantarchya tyachya jivanacha aadar karnari antardnyan. haah antardnyan aahe swargatoon, mhanje swargatoon yenanya pravahavyatirikt dusra konatahi srot nahee. aatmyanchya jagatoon aatmyanchya madhyamatoon prabhukadoon purushasobat jodale gele. jyanni vizavale nahee, tyanna haah antardnyan aahe purvi swikarlelya aanee pushti kelelya kalpanandware tyanche vichar karnyache swatantrya mansachya aatmyacha aadar karananya vividh yuktivadandvare, jeey asey manale jaate ektar shuddha vichar, kinwa kahee mahattvache tattva jyache kendra aahe sharirat shodhale jaate; aanee tarihi aatma haah tyachya jivanashivay dusra kahee nahee. manushya, tarr aatma haah swatah manushya aahe; aanee pruthvivaril shareer jeey too jagaat tyachyabarobar vahato too keval eka pratinidhi aahe jyadvare aatma, joou swatah manus aahe, too yogyaritya karya karnyas saksham aahe naisargik jug. 603. swargabaddal, yaa jagaat kaay mhatale gele aahe jyanna tyat rus nahee tyanchyasathi aatma aanee narak heey aspasht asateel aadhyatmik satyambaddal shikane, parantu jyanchyakade aahe tyanna teey spasht hoil ashee ruchi, aanee visheshtah jyanchyavar prem aahe tyanchyasathi satyasathiche satya, mhanje, jeey satyavar prem karatat kaaran teey aahe satya; kaaran jeey kahee nantar prem kele jaate teey prakashasah manachya aat pravesh karate. vichar, visheshtah premal satya, kaaran serve satya tyat aahe prakash. manvi swatantrya, pravah aanee jyaa aatmyandvare sanvad prabhavit hotat tyancha aadar karnare akana coolestiamadhun ark. swatantrya. serve swatantrya prem kinwa aapulkishi sambandhit aahe, kaaran kahihi asso. eka manus prem karato too muktapane karato (aine. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). swatantrya heey premashi sambandhit asalyane teey pratyekache jeevan aahe (aine. 2873). jeey kahee aahe tyakhereej kahihi manasache swatache disat nahee. swatantrya (aine. 2880). swargiy swatantrya aanee narak swatantrya aahe (aine. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the changle aanee satyavar prem (aine. 1947, 2870, 2872). aanee jase changle aanee satyache prem prabhuchya swatantryapasun aahe swatah prabhuchya netrutvakhali asane samavisht aahe (aine. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). prabhudvare manushyala swargiy swatantryat nele jaate punarjanan (aine. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). punarujjivit honyasathi mansala swatantrya asane aavashyak aahe (aine. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). changlya aanee satyache prem itar konatyahi prakare asoo shakat nahee. mansat pratyaropit, aanee tyachyadvare tyacha mhanoon gruheet dharale swatache (aine. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). saktichya sthiteet kahihi manushyashi jodalele nahee (aine. 2875, 8700). jarr manushyala saktine sudharata aale asate tarr serve vachale asate. (aine. 2881). sudharananmadhye sakti hanikarak aahe (aine. 4031). serve upasana hii swatantryapasunchi aahe, parantu tyachi pooja sakti mhanje pooja nahee (aine. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). pashchattap mukt sthiteet keela gela pahije, aanee saktichya sthiteet jhalela pashchattap haah nahee laabh (aine. 8392). saktichya avastha, tyaa kaay aahet (aine. 8392). [3] manushyala swatantryapasun karya karanyachi mubha denyat aalee aahe kaaran, shevati qee tyala changle dile jaau shakate, aanee mhanunach mansala vichar karnyache aanee teey karanyachi ichcha karnyache swatantrya aahe white kaay aahe aanee kayade karat naheet toparyant teey karane nishiddha qaraa (aine. 10777). prabhune manushyala swarg aanee narak yanchya darmyan thewale aahe aanee asha prakare samatolat, jenekarun too swatantryat asel sudharana (aine. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). jeey swatantryat rovale jaate teey tikate, parantu jeey aahe teey tikat nahee saktikhali pratyaropan (aine. 9588). yaa karanastav konihi tyachya swatantryapasun kadhihi vanchit rahat nahee (aine. 2876, 2881). prabhu konalahi sakti karat nahee (aine. 1937, 1947). swatahla balkat karane heey swatantryapasun aahe, parantu asane nahee sakti (aine. 1937, 1947). mansane swatahla vitala virodh karnyas bhag padale pahije (aine. 1937, 1947, 7914). swatahun changle karane, aanee tarihi swikarane qee teey prabhukadoon aahe (aine. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). mohat padananya ladhayanmadhye mansala adhik swatantrya aahe jyavar too vijay midvato, kaaran tyanantar too swatahla adhik sakti karato aatoon pratikar karnyasathi, jaree teey anyatha disate (aine. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] naraksvatantrya mhanje premadvare netrutva karane swatahsathi aanee jagachya aanee tyanchya vasanansathi (aine. 2870, 2873). jeey narkat aahet tyanna dusare konatehi swatantrya maheet nahee (aine. 2871). swargiy swatantrya heey narakasvatantryapasun khoop door aahe swarg narkatoon aala aahe (aine. 2873, 2874). narak swatantrya, jyamadhye preminchya netrutvakhali rahane samavisht aahe swatache aanee jagache swatantrya navhe tarr gulamgiri aahe (aine. 2884, 2890). kaaran gulamgiri mhanje narkadware chalavali jaat aahe (aine. 9586, 9589-9591). pravah. [5] manushya jyaa goshti vichar karato aanee ichchito tyaa serve goshti tyachyat vahatat. anubhavatoon (aine. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). vishayankade laksh denyachi, vichar karanyachi manasachi kshamata, aanee vishleshanatmak nishkarsh kadhane, heey pravahatoon aahe (aine. 4319, 4320, 5288). jarr mansatoon ogh yet asel tarr too eka kshanahi jagoo shakat navhata. aadhyatmik jug tyachyakadun door nele gele; anubhavatoon (aine. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). prabhukadoon vahanare jeevan tyanusar badalate manushyachya sthitinusar aanee swagatanusar (aine. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). jeey white aahet tyanchyabarobar jeey changle vahate prabhuche vaitat aanee satyache khotemadhye rupantar hote. anubhavatoon (aine. 3642, 4632). prabhukadoon satat vahanare changle aanee satya tyanna keval tyaa maryadeparyant prapt kele jaate qee tyanna adthala yet nahee white aanee khotepanadware (aine. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6 serve changle prabhukadoon aanee serve white prabhukadoon vahatat. narak (aine. 904, 4151). aajchya mansala asey vatate qee serve kahee tyat aahe jevha pratyakshat teey aat vahatat, tevha teey swatahun aahet aanee swatahun aahet; aanee heey tyala charchchya siddhantavarun kalel, jeey shikavate qee serve changle devakadun aanee serve white devakadun yetat. daad deville (aine. 4249, 6193, 6206). pann jarr manushyacha vishvas yaa siddhantala dharoon asel tarr too too swatahsathi white vatoon ghenar nahee kinwa karnarhi nahee tyache swatache asane changle aahe (aine. 6206, 6324, 6325). jarr tyala vishvas asel qee serve kahee aahe tarr manasachi sthitee kitee anandi asel prabhukadoon changle aanee narkatoon serve white vahate. (aine. 6325). jeey swarg nakartat kinwa jyanna tyabaddal kahich mahitee nahee, tyanna nahee swargatoon konatahi pravah aahe heey jaanun ghya (aine. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). pravah mhanje kaay, heey tulana karoon spasht kele jaate (aine. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jivanache serve kahee pahilya karanjyatoon vahate. jeevan, kaaran tech tyache srot aahe; aanee teey satat asha prakare jeevan serve kahee prabhukadoon vahate (aine. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). pravah haah aadhyatmik asato aanee bhautik nasato, mhanje pravah haah aadhyatmik jagatoon naisargik jagamadhye, aanee tyapasoon nahee naisargik aadhyatmik (aine. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). antargat mansadvare bahya pravahat pravesh hoto, kinwa aatmyachya madhyamatoon sharirat, ultyadvare nahee, kaaran manushyacha aatma aadhyatmik jagaat aahe, aanee tyache shareer naisargik (aine. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). antargat manushya aadhyatmik jagaat aahe aanee naisargik jagaat bahya (aine. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). asey disate qee tethoon ogh aahe manushyache bahya bhag antargat aahet, parantu haah eka bhram aahe (aine. 3721). mansamadhye tarkshuddha goshtincha ogh aahe, aanee tyadvare heey dnyanat aahet, ulat nahee (aine. 1495, 1707, 1940). pravah kram kaay aahe (aine. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). prabhukadoon thet ogh yeto aanee tyachpramane madhyasthi karato aadhyatmik jagatoon kinwa swargatoon pravah (aine. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). prabhucha pravah mansatil changlya goshtinmadhye aahe, aanee tyadvare satyamadhye changle, aanee ulat nahee (aine. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). changlya goshti prabhukadoon pravah prapt karanyachi kshamata detat, pann changulpanashivay satya nasate (aine. 8321). vicharanmadhye jeey kahee vahate teey hanikarak nasate, parantu fakt ichchhapatrat kaay vahate, kaaran hetch aahe manushyala niyukt (aine. 6308). [8] eka samanya pravah aahe (aine. 5850). aadeshanusar kaam karnyacha haah satatcha prayatna aahe (aine. 6211). haah pravah pranyanchya jeevanat aahe (aine. 5850). bhajipala samrajyachya vishayanmadhye dekhil (aine. 3648). yaa samanya pravahashi susangat vichar keela too manushyashi bolanyat aanee krutimadhye aanee ichchhashaktit padato. halchali (aine. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishay aatma. [9] aatmyanchya samajatoon itaranmadhye pathavalele aatme samaj aanee itar aatmyanna 'vishay' mhanatat (aine. 4403, 5856). itar jivanatil sanvad yaa madhyamatoon prabhavit hotat - asha doot aatmya (aine. 4403, 5856, 5983). eka vishay mhanoon seva karnyasathi pathavalela aatma vichar karat nahee swatahpasun, pann jyanchyadvare tyala pathavale jaate tyanchyakadun vichar qaraa pudhe (aine. 5985-5987). asha aatmyanshi sambandhit anek tapasheel (aine. 5988, 5989).

swarga rar narak/63 adhyaya lxii 597. swarga rar narakbichko santulan ab warnan garieko chha, rar yo dekhaieko chha kii yo asal bichko santulan how june how swargabata rar narakbata aeko dushta, yasari yo euta adhyatmik santulan, june yasako sarma swatantrata how. adhyatmik yasako sarma santulan swatantrata how kinbhane yo euta santulan how. asal rar naramro bitch, rar satya rar jhuta beach, rar yee hun adhyatmik. tyasaile key ramro chha wa key garne bhanne kurama saksham huna key naramro how rar key satya how wa key jhuto how sochna, rar euta arkolai prathamikta diera chhannuhos, tyo swatantrata how june yahan chha. upchar ger. yo swatantrata pratyek manislai prabhuko tarfabata diieko how, rar kahilyai tadha liena; wastawma, yasako utpattika karan yo manisko hoina tara prabhuko, kinki yo prabhubata aeko how. tara pani, yo diieko chha afno jiwansit maniska nimti tyo usako jastai; rar yo manisharule garna sakun bhanera garinchha. sudhar rar bachat garne kshamata chha; kinbhane tyahan swatantrata chhaina kunai sudhar wa mukti huna sakdaina. kunai pani tarkasangat antargyanko sath kasaile dekhna sakchha kii yo manisko sochna saksham hune swatantratako euta hissa how. galat wa sahi, imandari wa nishthahin, nyayapurna wa anyayapurn; yo pani kii uu sahi, imandari rar nyayapurna rupma bolna rar karya garna swatantra chha; tara galat, nishthur rar anyayapurn rupma naha bolnu rar karya garnu, kinbhane adhyatmik, naitik rar nagarik kanunharu jasko madhyambata usako bahya pakad garinchha sanyamma. spashta rupma, tyaso bhae, yo manisko atma how, jasle soccha rar soccha. iccha, tyo swatantratama chha, rar usako bahya hoina jasle bolchha rar mathi ullekha garieka kanunharusanga sahamati bahekaka karyaharu. 598. manisasanga swatantrata nabhaesamma sudhar huna sakdaina, kinbhane kii uu sabai prakarka dushtataharuma janmieko chha; rar yee hataunuparchha taaki uu surakshit huna sakos; rar tiniharu hatauna sakindaina jabasamma uni tiniharulai afubhitra dekhcha rar swikar gardacha, rar pachhi banda hunchha tiniharulai key garne, rar antama tiniharulai ghrina rakhchha. tabasamma hoina tiniharule hatae. rar yo tabasamma garna sakindaina jabasamma manis pani ramro awasthama hundaina. jasari naramroma, kinki yo ramrobata how kii usale dushtataharu dekhna saksham chha, jabki naramrobata usale asal dekhna sakdaina. adhyatmik wastuharu june manis saksham chha sochne shabda padhera balyakaldekhi nai usale sikchha rar prachar gardai; anie usale afno jiwanbata naitik rar nagarik bhalai sikchha. sansar. manis swatantra hunuko pahilo karan yahi how. [2]] arko karan key how bhane maniska lagi key upayukta chha bahek aru kehi chhaina. afno premko snehabata garieko. anya kuraharule prawesh prapta garna sakchhan, tara vicharbhanda tadha chhaina, ichchhama pugna sakeko chhaina; rar jey pani manisko ichchhama prawesh gardaina bhane usako hundaina, kinki vicharle smritibata key prapta gardacha, jabki iccha jiwanbata nai yasasanga sambandhit kura prapta hunchha. kewal kebata how premko snehabata iccha, wa uhi key how, huna sakchha swatantra bhaninchha, ek manis chahe wa prem gardacha june usale swatantra rupma garchha; falaswarup manisko swatantrata rar usako prem wa usako sneha ek hunechha. yahi karanle manisasanga swatantrata chha, kramabadha rupma taaki uu satya rar asalbata prabhawit hose wa tiniharulai prem garna sakos, rar tyo yasari tiniharu ek shabdama unka afnai [3] jastai banna sakchhan, jey bhae pani manisko swatantratama prawesh nagarne kunai sthayita chhaina, kinki yasale garchha. naha usako prem wa ichchhako how, naha manisko premko how. prem wa iccha unko atmako hoina; kinbhane astitwa nai [ess] how.] manisko atma prem wa iccha how. yasalai prem wa iccha bhaninchha, kinki ek manis afule chaheko kura chahanchha. tyaso bhae, yahi karanle manis sudhar garna sakinchha. swatantratama matra. tara manisko swatantratako vishayama thap dekhna sakinchha tall ullekhit margharuma arkana colestiama. 599. manis swatantra huna sakun bhanera, antyama usale huna sakun bhanera sudhar, uu afno atmako sandarbhama swarga duwaisanga jodinchha rar narakko sath. kinki harek manisma narakka atmaharu chhan rar swargabata swargadutharu. yo narakko madhyambata how kii manis afnai chha dushta, jabki swargabata swargadutharuko madhyambata manis asalma chha prabhubata; yasari uu adhyatmik santulanma chha, arthat, swatantrata. swargaka swargadutharu rar narakka atmaharu yasama jodieka chhan swargako sanyojanko adhyayama harek manis dekhna sakinchha. manav jatisanga (enn. 291-302). 600. yo bujhnuparchha kii swargasanga manisko sanyojan rar naraksanga tiniharusanga pratyaksha sanyojan hoina, tara madhyasthata how. atmaharuko sansarma raheka atmaharuko madhyambata sanyojan. yee atmaharu, rar narakbata wa swargabata nai kohi chhainan, purushsanga. atmaharuko sansarma dushta atmaharuko madhyambata manis how naraksanga jodieko, rar asal atmaharuko madhyambata uu tyahan chha swargasanga jodieka. yass karanle atmako sansar how swarga rar narakko bichma, rar tyo sansarma santulan afai. (kii atmaharuko sansar madhyawarti chha swarga rar narakko bichko sansarko adhyayama dekhna sakinchha atma, enn. 421-431; rar tyo bichko awashyak santulan swarga rar narak tyahan chha aghillo adhyayama dekhna sakinchha, enn. 589-596.) yee sabaibata manisko swatantratako srota spashta hunchha. 601. samel bhaeka atmaharuko barema ajha kehi bhannu parchha purushsanga. sampurna samajle arkosanga sanchar garna sakchha. samaj, wa kunai wyaktisanga jahaan pani uu chha; atmako madhyambata samajbata pathaiyo; yo atmalai vishaya bhaninchha dherai. swargama samajharusita manisko sanyojanko sandarbhama pani yahi kura satya how. rar narakma samajharu, sansarka atmaharuko madhyambata atma jo manisasanga jodieka hunchhan. (yass vishayama pani hernuhos tall ullekhit margharuma arkana colestia.) 602. antama manisko antargyanko samman gardai kehi bhannu parchha mrityupachhi unko jiwanlai dhyanma rakhdai june yasako prawahabata wyutpanna hunchha swargama manis. tyahan kehi sadharan aam manisharu thie jasle sansarma wishwasko asalma baanche jaslai ekma firta lyaieko thiyo yasto rajya jahaan tiniharu sansarma thie, june huna sakchha jab paramprabhule yasalai dinuhunchha, tyo kasaisanga pani garinchha; anie tyasapachhi key hunchha bhanera dekhaunchha. mrityupachhi manisko awasthabare uniharuko dharana thiyo. uniharule bhane kii sansarma kehi buddhiman wyaktiharule uniharulai key sodheka thie prithvima jiwanpachhi afno atmako barema soche anie uniharule jawaf die. kii uniharulai atma key how thaha thiena. tyasapachhi uniharulai key bhanera sodhieko thiyo tiniharule mrityupachhi afno awasthako barema vishwas gare; rar tiniharule bhane kii tiniharule tiniharu atmaka rupma jiune vishwas garthe. feri uniharulai key bhanera sodhieko thiyo uniharule atmalai samman garne vishwas gare; rar uniharule bhane kii uni ek manis hun. uniharulai yo kasari thaha bhayo bhanera sodhieko thiyo; rar uniharule bhane kii uniharulai yo thaha thiyo. kinbhane yo tyasto how. tee buddhiman manisharu achammit bhae kii sadharanko yasto vishwas thiyo, june tiniharusanga nai thiena. yo how euta praman how kii swargasanga sanyojanma raheka pratyek manisma tyahan chha mrityupachhi afno jiwanlai samman garne ek antargyan. yo antargyanbata how swargabata arthat swargabata niskane prawahabahek aru kunai srota chhaina. atmaharuko sansarbata atmaharuko madhyambata prabhubata jo hun purushsanga samel bhae. yo antargyan tee wyaktiharusanga chha jasle nibhaeka chhainan pahile apanaieka rar pushti garieka dharanaharudwara uniharuko sochne swatantrata manisko atmako samman garne vibhinna tarkaharudwara, jaslai manincha yaa tata shudha vichar, wa kunai mahatwapurna siddhanta jasko asson how sharirma khojiyo; rar ajhai pani atma jiwan bahek aru kehi hoina manis, jabki atma manis how; rar parthiva sharira june usale sansarma aafusangai bokeko chha kewal ek agent how jasko atma, june manis afai how, yasama upayukta rupma karya garna saksham chha prakritik sansar. 603. swargako sansarko barema yass kamma key bhanieko chha atma rar narak, kunai chaso nabhaeka manisharuka lagi aspashta hunechha. adhyatmik satyaharuko barema sikdai, tara tee chhan jo spashta hunechha yasto ruchi, rar vishesh gari tee wyaktiharuka lagi jo prem garchhan satyako khatira satya, arthat jasle satyalai prem garchha kinbhane tyo satya how. satya; kinki tyasapachhi june prem hunchha tyo prakashko sath manko manma prawesh gardacha. vichar, vishesh gari satya june prem garinchha, kinbhane sabai satya bhitra chha. ujyalo. manisko swatantrata, agaman, rar atmaharuko samman gardai akana कुइलेस्टिyaabatt nikalneharu jasko madhyambata sancharharu prabhawit hunchhan. swatantrata. sabai swatantrata prem wa snehasanga sambandhit chha, kinki jey bhae pani ek manis prem garchha usale swatantra rupma garchha (enn. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). swatantrata premsanga sambandhit chha, yo sabaiko jiwan how. (enn. 2873). kebata aeko chha bahek kehi pani manisko afnai jasto lagdaina. swatantrata (enn. 2880). tyahan swargiya swatantrata rar narak swatantrata chha (enn. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the asal rar satyako prem (enn. 1947, 2870, 2872). rar asal rar satyako prem prabhu swatantratabata chha swayan prabhuko netritwama raheko hunchha (enn. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). manis prabhuko madhyambata swargiya swatantratama laijanchha punarjanan (enn. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). manisasanga punarjanmaka lagi swatantrata hunuparchha (enn. sann 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). asal rar satyako prem aru kunai tarikama huna sakdaina. manisma pratyaropit, rar usako rupma dekhinchha dwara viniyojit afnai (enn. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). kunai pani kura manisasanga badhyatako awasthama sanyojit hundaina (enn. 2875, 8700). yadi manis badhyatale sudhar garna sakyo bhane sabai baanchne thie. (enn. 2881). sudharma badhyata hanikarak hunchha (enn. 4031). swatantratabata hune sabai puja puja how, tara swatantratabata hune puja how. badhyata puja hoina (enn. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). pashchattap swatantra rajyama prabhawa parnuparchha, rar badhyatako awasthama prabhawit pashchattap kunai hoina labh (enn. 8392). badhyatako awastha, tiniharu key hun (enn. 8392). [3] yo manisharulai swatantratabata karya garna pradan garieko chha karan, antyama usalai asal pradan garna sakinchha bhanera, rar yasaikaran manisasanga sochne rar garne swatantrata chha. key naramro how, rar jahansamma kanunle gardaina, tyaso garnu nishedh garnuhos (enn. 10777). manis swarga rar narakko bichma prabhuko dwara rakhieko chha, rar yasari santulanma, kii uu swatantrataka lagi huna sakchha sudhar (enn. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). swatantratama jo ropinchha tyo rahanchha, tara key hoina badhyataka adhinma pratyaropan (enn. 9588). yass karanle garda kohi pani afno swatantratabata kahilyai wanchit hundaina (enn. 2876, 2881). bhagawanle kasailai badhya pardainan (enn. 1937, 1947). afno atmalai badhya parnu swatantratabata how, tara hunu hoina badhya (enn. 1937, 1947). ek wyaktile afulai dushtatako pratirodh garna badhya parnu parchha (enn. sann 1937, 1947, 7914). afaibata asal garne jasto, rar ajhai swikar garna pani kii yo prabhubata how (enn. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). manisasanga pralobhanko ladainma baliyo swatantrata chha jaslai usale jitchha, kinki tyasapachhi usale afulai ajha badhi badhya parchha. pratirodh garna bhitri rupma, yadyapi yo anyatha dekhinchha (enn. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] narak swatantrata premko netritwama hunuko samawesh chha atma rar sansar rar tiniharuko wasanaharu (enn. 2870, 2873). jo narakma chhan uniharulai aru kunai swatantrata thaha chhaina (enn. 2871). swargiya swatantrata narakko swatantratabata tadha chha. swarga narakbata aeko chha (enn. 2873, 2874). narak swatantrata, jasma premko netritwama hunu samawesh chha atma rar sansarko swatantrata hoina tara dasta (enn. 2884, 2890). dasatwa narakko netritwama chha (enn. 9586, 9589-9591). prawaha. [5] manisharule sochne rar iccha garne sabai kuraharu uhanma bagchhan. anubhawabata (enn. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). manisma vishayaharuma dhyan dine, sochne kshamata, rar vishleshanatmak rupma nishkarsh nikalnu, prawahabata how (enn. 4319, 4320, 5288). manis ek kshan pani banchna sakdaina yadi yobata prawaha bhayo bhane adhyatmik sansar unibata tadha liiyo; anubhawabata (enn. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). prabhubata bagne jiwananusar farak-farak hunchha. manisko awasthasanga rar swagat anusar (enn. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). dushtaharusit asalharu jo batt bagchhan prabhu dushtama rar satya jhutma parinat hunchhan. anubhawabata (enn. 3642, 4632). prabhubata nirantar prawahit hune asal rar satya tiniharu badha naparos bhanne hadasamma matra prapta garinchha dushtata rar jhutdwara (enn. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6 sabai asal kuraharu prabhubata bagchhan anie sabai naramro kuraharu prabhubata bagchhan. narak (enn. 904, 4151). az manis sabai kuraharu bhitra chhan bhanne vishwas garchha. afu rar afubata nai hun, jab wastawma tiniharu bhitra bagchhan; anie yo kura usale charchako siddhantabata janna sakchha, jasle sabai asalharu bhagawanbata rar sabai naramroharu bhagawanbata chhan bhanera sikaunchha. shaitan (enn. 4249, 6193, 6206). tara yadi manisko vishwas yass siddhantasanga mail khanchha bhane usale naha usale afailai naramro thaneko thiyo naha usale afnai huna ramro chha (enn. 6206, 6324, 6325). yadi usale sabai kura vishwas गऱ्yo bhane manisko awastha kati khusi hune thiyo prabhubata asal rar narakbata sabai naramro bagchha. (enn. 6325). jasle swargalai aswikar garchhan wa jaslai yasako barema kehi thaha chhaina, tiniharu gardainan. swargabata kunai pani prawaha chha bhanera jannuhos (enn. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). key prawaha how, tulanadwara chitran garieko chha (enn. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jiwanko sabai kura pahilo foharadekhi bagchha. jiwan, kinki tyo yasako srota how; rar yo nirantar yasari jiwanka sabai kuraharu prabhubata bagchhan (enn. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344,3484,3619,3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). prawaha adhyatmik chha rar bhautik hoina, arthat, prawaha how adhyatmik sansarbata prakritikma, rabata hoina adhyatmikma prakritik (enn. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). antarik manisamarfat bahyama prawaha hunchha, wa atmadwara sharirma, rar ulto hoina, kinki manisko atma adhyatmik sansarma chha, rar prakritik rupma unko sharira (enn. sann 1702,1707,1940,1954,5119, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). antarik manis adhyatmik sansarma chha rar prakritik sansarma bahya (enn. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). tyahanbata prawaha bhaeko dekhinchha manisko bahya antarikma, tara yo euta bhram how (enn. 3721). manisasanga tyahan tarkasangat chijharuma prawaha chha, rar yasako madhyambata yee gyanharuma, rar ulto hoina (enn. sann 1495,1707, sann 1940). prawahako kram key how (enn. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). tyahan prabhubata pratyaksha prawaha chha, rar tyasai gari madhyasthata garnuhos adhyatmik sansar wa swargabata prawaha (enn. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). prabhuko prawaha manisma asalma chha, rar yasako madhyambata satyama ramro, rar viparit hoina (enn. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). asalle prabhubata prawaha prapta garne kshamata dinchha, tara asalबिnahaा satya hundaina (enn. 8321). vicharma bagne kunai pani kura hanikarak hundaina, tara kewal ichchhama key bagchha, kinki yo key how manisma viniyojit (enn. 6308). [8] tyahan samanya prawaha chha (enn. 5850). yo adeshanusar karya garne nirantar prayas how. (enn. 6211). yo prawaha janawarharuko jiwanma chha (enn. 5850). tarkari rajyako vishayaharuma pani (enn. 3648). yo samanya prawahasanga sahamat chha jasle soche manisasanga bolda uu wyawaharma parchha anie iccha pani. andolanharu (enn. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishaya atma. [9] atmaharuko samajbata anyama pathaieka atmaharu samaj rar anya atmaharulai "vishaya" (enn. 4403, 5856). anya jiwanma sancharharu yass madhyambata prabhawit hunchhanh tyasta dut atma (enn. 4403, 5856, 5983). wishayako rupma sewa garna pathaieko atmale sochdaina afubata, tara afule pathaekabata sochdachha agadi (enn. 5985-5987). tyasta atmaharusanga sambandhit dherai wiwaranharu (enn. 5988, 5989).

swarga ebong narka/63 <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> 597. swarga ebong narka madhyare thiba santulana bartamana barnana karajaichi, ebong ehaa darshajaichhi je ehaa bhal madhyare eka santulana jaahaa heuchhi swargaru ebong narkaru asithiba manda, ehipari ehaa eka adhyatmika santulana, jaahaa ehara sarangshare swadheenata . adhyatmika ehara sarangshare santulana heuchhi swadheenata kaaran ehaa eka santulana. bhal ebong manda madhyare, ebong satya ebong mithya madhyare, ebong egudika heuchhi adhyatmika. tenu jaahaa bhal kimba qa 'naa karibaku sakhyama heba kharap ebong qa "naa satya kimba qa" naa mithya bolly chinta kariba, ebong anyati apekhya gotie bachantu, taaha heuchhi swadheenata jaahaa ethaare achhi. chikitsa karajae. ehi swadheenata pratyeka manishaku bhagabananka dwara diajaichhi, ebong kebe bii neijainathae; bastabare, ehara utpatti karanaru ehaa manishar nuhen . kintu ehaa sadaprabhunkara, kaaran ehaa sadaprabhunka thaaru aasichhi. tathapi, ehaa diajaichhi manish paain taa 'rahr zeeban sahita, jepari ehaa taa' rahr; ebong ehaa epari karajae jaahaa manish karipariba . sanskara ebong banchaibara khyamata achhi; kaaran sethare swadheenata bina kaunasi sanskara kimba paritrana hoipariba naahin. kaunasi juktisangata antardrusti sahita jane dekhipariba je chinta karibaku sakhyama heba manishar swadheenatara eka ansha . bhul kimba sathik, sachchot kimba nisthaheena, nyajasangata kimba anyaya; ehaa madhya je shay thick bhabe, sachotatara saha ebong nyajasangata bhabe kathaa kahiba ebong karjya kariba paain swadheena; kintu bhul, nisthura ebong anyaya bhabare kathaa kahiba ebong karjya kariba naahin, kaaran adhyatmika, naitika ebong nagarika ine jaahaa dwara tankara bahya dhaaran karajae sanjamata saha. tebe, spastatah, ehaa heuchhi manushyara atma, jie chinta kare ebong ichha, taaha swadheenatare achhi, ebong tankara bahya nuhen jaahaa kathaa kahe ebong uparokta ine sahita sahamatire byatita karjya. 598. swadheenata naah thile manishar sanskara hoipariba naahin, kaaran je shay samasta prakarara kupratha madhyare janma neichanti; ebong egudiku doora karajiba aabasyaka . jahaphalare shay uddhara paai paribe; ebong shay naah thile semananku hatai heba naahin. semananku niz bhitare dekhe ebong semananku sweekara kare, ebong parey banda kare semane karibe, ebong sheshare semananku ghruna curry rakhibe. setebelaku nuhen semane ehaaku hatai deithile. ebong ehaa sambhaba nuhen je parjyanta manish madhya bhalare naahin . mandare pari, jehetu bhalaru shay manda dekhibaku sakhyama, mandaru shay bhal dekhiparanti naahin. adhyatmika samagri jaahaa manish sakhyama shay piladinaru ehi shabdaku padhi ebong sethiru shikhuthiba chintadhara prachara kariba; ebong shay niz jeebanaru naitika ebong nagarika mangala sikhya laabh karanti. dunian. ehaa heuchhi pratham kaaran je manish swadheena heba uchit. [2]] anya eka kaaran heuchhi, jaahaa achhi taaha byatita anya kichhi manish paain upajukta nuhen. taanka premer sneharu ehaa karajaichi. anya jinish prabesha karipare, kintu chintatharu adhika doora nuhen, ichhare pahanchunahin; ebong jaahaa kichhi bii manushyara ichhare prabesha naah kariba tankara nuhen, kaaran chintadhara jaahaa taa 'sahita jadita taaha smrutiru utpanna hoithae, jetebele ichhashakti ehaa sahita jaahaa jadita taaha jeebanaru hinn asithae. kebala jahatharu premer sneharu ichha, kimba jaahaa samaana, hoipare mukta bolly kuhajae, jaahaa jane byakti chaahen kimba bhal paae jaahaa shay mukta bhabare kare . phalaswaroopa manishar swadheenata ebong taa 'rahr prem kimba taa' rahr sneha eka heba. ehi karanaru manishar swadheenata achhi, kramare je shay satya ebong mangala dwara prabhabita hoiparanti kimba semananku bhal paiparanti, ebong ehipari semane gotie shabdare tankara nijara [3] pari hoiparanti, jaahaa kichhi bii heuna kahinki. manishar swadheenatare prabesha nakariba paain kaunasi sthajita naahin, kaaran ehaa tahanka prem kimba ichhara nuhen, ebong jaahaa manushyara nuhen prem kimba ichha taanka atmara nuhen; kaaran [esse]] manishar atma heuchhi prem kimba ichha. kuhajae prem kimba ichha, jehetu jane byakti jaahaa bhal paanti taaha hinn chahanti. tebe, ehi karanaru manishar sanskara hoipariba. kebala swadheenatare. kintu manishar swadheenata bishajare adhika dekhibaku milipare . nimnare suchita anshagudikare arcana kolesiaare. 599. jaahaa phalare manish swadheena hoi pariba, shesh parjyanta shay sanskarita, shay ubhaja swarga sahita taanka atma sambandhare sanjukta . ebong narka sahita. kaaran pratyeka manish sahita narkaru atma achanti ebong swargaru fereshta. narka madhyamare hinn manish taa 'bhitare achhi. manda, jetebele kii swargaru phereshatanka madhyamare manish bhalare achhi bhagabananka thaaru; ehipari shay adhyatmika santulanare achanti, arthat, swadheenata. je swargaru fereshta ebong narkar atmamane sanjukta huanti pratyeka manishaku swarga sanjoga upare adhyajare dekhajaipare . manab jaati sahita (enn. 291-302). 600. ehaa bujhiba aabasyaka je swarga sahita manishar sanjoga ebong narka sahita semananka sahita sidhasalakha sanjoga nuhen, barang eka madhyasthata . aatmamananka duniaare thiba aatmanka madhyamare sanjoga. ehi atmamane, ebong kehi madhya narkaru kimba swargaru nuhen, purushanka sahita. atma jagatare dusta atma madhyamare manish heuchhi narka sahita sanjukta, ebong bhal atma madhyamare shay sethare achanti swarga sahita sanjukta. ehi karanaru atmara dunia heuchhi swarga ebong narka madhyare madhyabarti, ebong sehi duniaare nije santulana. (je atmamanankara jagata madhyabarti atte swarga ebong narka madhyare dunia upare adhyajare dekhajaipare atma, enn. 421-431; ebong ehaa madhyare atyabashyaka santulana purba adhyajare swarga ebong narka dekhibaku milipare, enn. 589-596.) ehi saburu manishar swadheenatara utsa spust. 601. jeun atmamane jodi hoichhanti semananka bishajare ahuri kichhi kahiba aabasyaka. purushanka sahita. eka samagra samaj anya samaj sahita jogajoga rakhipariba. samaj, kimba kaunasi byakti jeunthi thaantu naa kahinki; eka atma madhyamare samajaru prerita; ehi aatmaaku bishai kuhajae aneka. swargare thiba samaj sahita manishar sanjoga bishajare madhya samaana satya, ebong narkare thiba samaj sahita, biswara atma madhyamare atma jaahaa manish sahita sanjukta . (ehi prasangare madhya dekhantu nimnare ullekha karajaithiba parichhedagudikare arcana colesia.) 602. sheshare manishar antardrustiku sammana janai kichhi kahiba aabasyaka. mrutyu parey taanka zeeban bishajare jaahaa prabaharu utpanna . manishare swarga. kichhi sadharana lock thile jeunmane biswasara bhalare duniaare baasa kale jeunmane eka pherastaku anajaithila semane jeun duniaare thile, sehi bhali sthiti, jaahaa hoipare jetebele prabhu ehaaku manjur karanti, setebele ehaa kaaha sahita karajae; ebong ehaa parey qa 'naa taaha darshajaithila. mrutyu parey manishar abastha bishajare semane mott rakhithile. semane kahile je kichhi buddhimana byakti semananku duniaare pacharithile je semane qa 'naa pruthibeere zeeban parey semane niz atma bishajare chinta kale; ebong semane uttara dele je semane jaani nathile atma qa "naa. taa 'parey semananku pacharagala qa' naa? semane mrutyu parey niz abastha bishajare biswasa karuthile; ebong semane kahithile je semane semane atma bhabe banchibe bolly biswasa karuthile. semananku puni pacharagala, qa "naa? biswasa thila je semane eka aatmaaku sammana karuthile; ebong semane kahithile je shay jane manish. semananku pacharagala je semane ehaa kipari jaanile; ebong semane kahile je semane ehaa janichanti. kaaran ehaa heuchhi. sehi buddhimana byaktimane ashcharjya hele je saralankara epari eka biswasa thila, jaahaa semananka pakhare nathila. ehaa heuchhi eka pramana je pratyeka manishare jie swarga sahita sanjogare achanti mrutyu parey taanka jeebanaku sammana janaibara eka antardrusti. ehi antardrusti ru swargaru, arthat swarga dei, prabaha byatita anya kaunasi utsa naahin. atma jagataru atma madhyamare prabhunkatharu jeunmane purush sahita mishigale. ehi antardrusti semanankara achhi jeunmane abyahata hoinahanti purbaru grahan karajaithiba ebong nischita hoithiba dharana dwara semanankara chinta karibara swadheenata manishar aatmaaku sammana janai bibhinna jukti dwara, jaahaa bolly dharajae shudha chintadhara, kimba kaunasi gurutwapurna neeti jahara aasana heuchhi dehare khojajauchhi; ebong tathapi atma aau kichhi nuhen barang zeeban manish, atma nije manish; ebong parthiba sharira jaahaa shay duniaare taanka sahita bahn karanti kebala eka agent jaahaa dwara atma, jaahaa nije manish, ethire upajukta bhabare karjya karibaku sakhyama . prakrutika jagata. 603. swarga bishajare ehi karjyare qa 'naa kuhajaichhi, ehi dunia atmamane, ebong narka, semananka paain aspasta heba, jeunmanankara ethire kaunasi agraha naahin. adhyatmika satya bishajare janiba, kintu jeunmane ehaa jananti semananka paain spust heba epari agraha, ebong bisesh curry semananka paain jeunmane eka sneha achhi satya paain satya, arthat, jeunmane satyaku bhal paanti kaaran ehaa heuchhi satya; kaaran jaahaa setebele bhalapae taaha aloka sahita manare prabesha kare . chinta, bisesh curry prem karajauthiba satya, kaaran samasta satya bhitare achhi aloka. akana quilesiaaru bahara hoithiba niryasa jaahaa manishar swadheenata, prabaha ebong atma jaahaa madhyamare jogajoga prabhabita hue . swadheenata. samasta swadheenata prem kimba sneha sahita jadita, jehetu jaahaa kichhi bii heu jane byakti bhal paanti shay mukta bhabare karanti (n. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). jehetu swadheenata prem saha jadita, ehaa heuchhi samastanka zeeban. (enn. 2873). jaahaa kichhi taa 'thaaru aasichhi taa' chhada aau kichhi manishar nijaswa nuhen bolly manehue. swadheenata (enn. 2880). swargeeja swadheenata ebong naraka swadheenata achhi (enn. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the bhal ebong satyara prem (enn. 1947, 2870, 2872). ebong bhal ebong satyara prem prabhunka thaaru swadheenata atte . prabhunka dwara parichalita heba (enn. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). bhagabananka dwara manish swargeeja swadheenata aadaku parichalita hue punarjanma (enn. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). punahutpadana kariba paain manishar swadheenata rahiba aabasyaka (enn. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). anya kaunasi upaajare bhal ebong satyara prem hoipariba naahin . manishare ropana karajaithila, ebong taanka dwara taanka pari pratyajita hoithila nijara (enn. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). kaunasi jinish manish sahita badhyata sthitire sanjukta nuhen (n. 2875, 8700). jadi badhyata dwara manishar sanskara karajai pariba, tebe samaste rakhya paijibe. (enn. 2881). sanskarare badhyabadhakata khyatikaraka (enn. 4031). swadheenataru samasta pooja heuchhi pooja, kintu thaaru pooja . badhyabadhakata pooja nuhen (enn. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). anutapa eka mukta sthitire heba aabasyaka, ebong badhyata sthitire prabhabita anutapa kaunasi artha rakhe naahin. laabh (enn. 8392). badhyatara sthiti, segudika qa "naa (n. 8392). [3] ehaa manishaku swadheenatara karjya karibaku manjur karajaichi kaaran, shesh parjyanta je tanku bhal pradan karajaipare, ebong ehi karanaru manishar chinta karibara ebong chinta karibara swadheenata rahichhi. qa "naa kharap, ebong ine jepari karunahin, separi kariba nishedha karantu (enn. 10777). manishaku prabhu swarga ebong narka madhyare rakhanti, ebong ehipari santulanare, jepariki shay swadheenatare rahiparanti sanskara (enn. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). swadheenatare jaahaa ropita hue taaha tisthi rahe, kintu jaahaa nuhen badhyatamoolaka bhabare ropana (enn. 9588). ehi karanaru kehi kebe bii taanka swadheenataru banchita huanti naahin (enn. 2876, 2881). bhagaban kahaku badhya karanti naahin (enn. 1937, 1947). niz aatmaaku badhya kariba swadheenataru, kintu heba nuhen badhya (enn. 1937, 1947). jane byakti nijaku mandaku pratirodha karibaku badhya kariba uchit (enn. 1937, 1947, 7914). bhal kaama kariba paain madhya, jemiti nije nije, ebong tathapi sweekara karibaku je ehaa prabhunka thaaru aasichhi (n. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). pralovanara ladheire manishar eka shaktishali swadheenata achhi jaahaaku shay jitithae, kaaran setebele shay nijaku adhika badhya karithae. pratirodha kariba paain aabhyantareen, jadio ehaa anyatha dekhajae (n. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] naraka swadheenata prem dwara parichalita heba sahita jadita . aatma ebong biswa ebong semanankara kamna (enn. 2870, 2873). jeunmane narkare achanti semane anya kaunasi swadheenata jananti naahin (enn. 2871). swargeeja swadheenata naraka swadheenata thaaru kete doora jepari swarga narkaru aasichhi (enn. 2873, 2874). naraka swadheenata, jaahaa prem dwara parichalita heba sahita jadita . swajang ebong biswara, swadheenata nuhen barang dasatwa (enn. 2884, 2890). kaaran dasatwa heuchhi narka dwara parichalita heba (enn. 9586, 9589-9591). prabaha. [5] manushya jaahaa chinta kare ebong ichha kare, shay samasta bishai taa 'bhitare prabahita hue. abhigyataru (enn. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). bishai prati dhyana deba, chinta kariba paain manishar khyamata, ebong bishleshanatmaka bhabare siddhanta neba heuchhi prabaharu (n. 4319, 4320, 5288). manish gotie muhurta madhya banchipariba naahin jadi taa 'ru prabaha adhyatmika jagata tankatharu chadai niajaithila; abhigyataru (enn. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). prabhunka thaaru asuthiba zeeban sehi anusare bhinna bhinna hoithae. manishar abastha sahita ebong swagata anujai (n. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). jeunmane kharap semananka sahita bhal jaahaa prabahita hue prabhu mandare ebong satya mithya ray paribartita hue; abhigyataru (enn. 3642, 4632). sadaprabhunka thaaru nirantara prabahita heuthiba uttam ebong satya grahan karajae, kebala setiki matrare je segudika badhaprapta hue naahin. manda ebong mithya dwara (n. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6 samasta bhal sadaprabhunkatharu prabahita hue, ebong samasta manda prabhunkatharu prabahita hue. narka (enn. 904, 4151). aajira manish biswasa kare je samasta jinish bhitare achhi nije ebong nijatharu, jetebele bastabare semane bhitaraku prabahita huanti; ebong ehaa shay mandalira siddhantaru janithaiparanti, jaahaa sikhya die je samasta bhal bhagabanankatharu ebong samasta kharap bhagabanankatharu . shaitan (enn. 4249, 6193, 6206). kintu jadi manishar biswasa ehi siddhanta sahita sahmat thila, tebe shay shay niz paain mandaku grahan karibe naahin kimba karibe naahin nijara heba bhal (enn. 6206, 6324, 6325). manishar abastha kete khusi heba jadi shay biswasa kare je samaste prabhunka thaaru bhal ebong narkaru samasta manda prabahita hue . (enn. 6325). jeunmane swargaku asweekara karanti kimba jeunmane ehaa bishajare kichhi jananti naahin jaani rakhantu je swargaru kaunasi prabaha achhi (n. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). prabaha qa "naa, tulana dwara chitrita (n. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jeebner samasta jinish pratham jalaprabaharu prabahita hue zeeban, kaaran taaha hinn ehara utsa; ebong ehaa nirantara ehipari jeebner samasta kichhi prabhunkatharu prabahita hue (n. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). prabaha heuchhi adhyatmika ebong sharirika nuhen, arthat, prabaha heuchhi adhyatmika jagataru prakrutika jagataku, ebong sethiru nuhen. adhyatmikare prakrutika (enn. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). aabhyantareen manish madhyamare bahya bhitaraku prabaha hoithae, kimba atma madhyamare shareeraku prabesha kare, ebong bipareet nuhen, kaaran manushyara atma adhyatmika jagatare achhi, ebong prakrutikare taanka sharira (n. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). aabhyantareen manish adhyatmika duniaare achhi ebong prakrutika jagatare bahya (n. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). eka drushya achhi je eka prabaha achhi manushyara bahya anshagudika aabhyantareen anshare, kintu ehaa eka bhranta dharana (n. 3721). manish sahita juktijukta jinishare prabaha achhi, ebong madhyamare egudika gyanare parinata hue, ebong ehara bipareet nuhen (n. 1495, 1707, 1940). prabaha krama qa "naa (n. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). prabhunka thaaru sidhasalakha prabaha achhi, ebong sehipari madhyasthata karantu . adhyatmika jagata kimba swarga dei prabaha (n. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). sadaprabhunka prabaha manushyara uttam madhyare achhi, ebong satyare bhal, ebong bipareet nuhen (enn. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). bhal prabhunkatharu prabaha grahan karibara khyamata deithae, kintu bhal bina satya hue naahin (enn. 8321). chintadharare prabahita heuthiba kaunasi jinish khyatikaraka nuhen, kintu kebala ichhare qa "naa prabahita hue, kaaran ehaa heuchhi manish paain upajukta (n. 6308). [8] eka sadharana prabaha achhi (n. 5850). ehaa heuchhi adesh anujai karjya kariba paain eka nirantara prayasa. (enn. 6211). ehi prabaha pasumananka jeebanare achhi (n. 5850). panipariba rajyara bishai madhya (enn. 3648). ehi sadharana prabaha sahita sahmat hoi chinta kale manish sahita kathabartta kare, ebong karjya ebong ichha kare . gatibidhi (enn. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). bishai atma. [9] atma samajaru anya samajaku prerita atma samaj ebong anya atma paain, "bishai" kuhajae (enn. 4403, 5856). anya jeebanare jogajoga madhyamare prabhabita hue ehipari doota atma (enn. 4403, 5856, 5983). eka bishai bhabare seba kariba paain pathajaithiba atma chinta kare naahin niz tarapharu, kintu jeunmananka dwara shay pathajae semananka dwara chinta karanti aagaku (enn. 5985-5987). ebhali atma sambandhare aneka bibaranee (enn. 5988, 5989).

swarg atey narak/63 akkhar lxii 597. swarg atey narak dey vichkaar santulan daa varnan keeta giaa haii, atey ih dikhaiaa giaa haii kii ih changiaai dey vichkaar ikk santulan haii joe swarg toon atey burai joe narak toon haii, iss tarahan ih ikk adhiaatmik santulan, joe kii aapne tatt witch aazadi haii. ruhani santulan aapne tatt witch aazadi haii kiunki ih ikk santulan haii. changiaai atey burai dey vichkaar, atey sachchai atey jhooth dey vichkaar, atey ih hunn adhiaatmik. iss laee joe changa haii jaan qee karna haii, uss noon curran dey yog honaa. burai haii atey ih sochna kii qee sacch haii jaan qee galat, atey ikk noon dooje dee tarjih witch chunho, uh aazadi haii joe itthe haii ilaaj keeta. ih aazadi prabhu duaara harr manukh noon ditti gaee haii, atey kadey naheen liaa giaa; asal witch, iss dey mool dey caarn ih manukh daa naheen haii parr prabhu daa, kiunki ih prabhu vallon haii. firr vee, ih ditta giaa haii manukh noon aapni jaan naal iss tarahan karna jiven ih uss dee howay; atey ih iss laee keeta jaanda haii taan joe manukh aapni jaan dey sake. sudhar atey bachaae jaanh dee samratha rakkho; kiunki utthe aazadi toon binan koee sudhar jaan mukti naheen hoow sakadi. kise vee taraksheel antardishwas dey naal koee vee dekh sakda haii kii ih sochan dey yog honaa manukh dee aazadi daa ikk hissa haii. galat jaan sahee, imandari naal jaan beinsafi naal, niaanpuran jaan beinsafi naal; ih vee kii uh sahee, imandari atey niaanpuran dhang naal bolann atey kamm curran laee sutantar haii; parr galat, beinsafi atey beinsafi naal naa bolna atey kamm karna, kiunki adhiaatmik, naitik atey sival kanoonan dey jiss witch uss daa baahari hissa rakkhiaa jaanda haii sanjam witch. taan firr, ih manukh dee aatma haii, joe sochdi haii atey vasiat, joe aazadi witch haii, naa kii uss daa baahari joe bolda haii atey uppar dasse gaye kanoonan naal sehmati noon chhadd keey aikat. 598. manukh noon udon takk sudhar naheen keeta jaa sakda jadon takk uss noon aazadi naheen haii, iss caarn karke kii uh harr kisam deeaan buraiaan witch paida hoiaa haii atey inhan noon door keeta jaanha chahida haii. taan joe uh bach sake atey uhanan noon udon takk naheen hataiaa jaa sakda jadon takk uh naheen bachda. uhanan noon aapne ander vekhda haii atey uhanan noon savikar karda haii, atey baad witch bnd hoow jaanda haii qee uh karange, atey ant witch uhanan noon nafrat witch rakkhde hunn. udon takk naheen unhan neey hataa ditta. atey ih udon takk naheen keeta jaa sakda jadon takk manukh vee changa naheen hunda. jiven burai witch, kiunki ih changiaai toon haii kii uh buraiaan noon vekhan dey yog haii, jadon kii burai toon uh changa naheen dekh sakda. adhiaatmik vastan joe manukh samrath haii sochna uh bachpan toon shabad noon padah keey sikhhda haii atey prachar karna; atey uh aapne jeevan witch naitik atey nagrik bhalai sikhhda haii. sansar. ih pahila caarn haii kii manukh noon aazadi witch honaa chahida haii. [2]] ikk horr caarn ih haii kii manukh noon kujh vee naheen ditta jaanda sivaae iss dey kii qee haii aapne piaar dey piaar naal keeta. horr cheezan pravesh qarr sakdiaan hunn, parr vichaar toon door naheen, ichha takk naheen pahunchana; atey joe vee howay manukh dee ichha witch pravesh naa karna uss daa naheen banada, kiunki vichaar uh prapat karda haii joe iss naal sabandhat haii yaad toon, jadon kii ichha shakti joe iss naal sabandhat haii uh jeevan toon hii prapat hunda haii. siraf qee haii piaar dey piaar toon ichha, jaan uhee joe haii, hoow sakda haii mufat kiha jaanda haii, joe vee ikk aadmi chahunda haii jaan piaar karda haii uh sutantar taur teey karda haii; natije vajon manukh dee aazadi atey uss dey piaar jaan uss dey piaar daa piaar ikk ikk haii. isey caarn manukh noon aazadi haii, kram witch taan joe uh sachchai atey changiaai toon prabhavit hoow sake jaan unhan noon piaar qarr sake, atey iss tarahan uh ikk shabad witch uss dey aapne [3] bann sakde hunn, joe vee howay manukh dee aazadi witch dakhal naa honn dee koee sathaita naheen haii, kiunki ih karda haii uss dey piaar jaan ichha naal sabandhat naheen haii, atey joe manukh dey piaar naal sabandhat naheen haii piaar jaan ichha uss dee aatma naal sabandhat naheen haii; kiunki [aiss. ee. aiss. ee.]] manukh dee aatma daa piaar jaan ichha haii. ih piaar jaan ichha kiha jaanda haii, kiunki aadmi uhee chahunda haii joe uh piaar karda haii. taan firr, isey laee manukh noon sudhariaa jaa sakda haii. siraf aazadi witch. parr manukh dee aazadi dey vishe 'teey horr dekhiaa jaa sakda haii hethan darsaae gaye rastiaan witch arkana colestia witch. 599. taan joe manukh aazadi witch rahey, ant takk kii uh hoow sake sudhar keeta giaa, uh aapni aatma dey sabndh witch swarg naal judiaa hoiaa haii atey narak dey naal. kiunki harr aadmi dey naal narak toon aatmavan hunn atey swarg toon doot. ih narak dey zariye haii kii manukh aapne aap witch haii burai, jadon kii swarg dey dootan duaara hii manukh change witch haii prabhu toon; iss tarahan uh adhiaatmik santulan witch haii, bhaav, witch aazadi. kii swarg dey doot atey narak dey aatmavan noon jodiaa jaanda haii swarg dey sanyojan baare adhiaai witch harr aadmi noon dekhiaa jaa sakda haii manukkhi nasal dey naal (ainn. 291-302). 600. ih samajhna chahida haii kii swarg naal manukh daa sanyojan atey narak naal uhanan daa siddha sanyog naheen haii, balki ikk vicholgi haii. aatman dey sansar witch aatmavan dey zariye sanyojan. ih aatmavan, atey narak toon jaan swarg toon koee naheen, hunn aadmi naal. aatman dey sansar witch dusht aatmavan dey zariye manukh haii narak naal judiaa hoiaa haii, atey changiaan aatmavan dey zariye uh utthe haii swarg naal jude hoye. iss caarn aatmavan daa sansar haii swarg atey narak dey vichkaar vichkarla, atey uss sansar witch haii aapne aap witch santulan banayi rakkho. (kii aatman daa sansar vichkarla haii swarg atey narak dey vichkaar sansar dey adhiaai witch dekhiaa jaa sakda haii aatme, ainn. 421-431; atey ih kii vichkaar zaruri santulan swarg atey narak haii joe pichle adhiaai witch dekhiaa jaa sakda haii, ainn. 589-596.) iss sabh toon manukh dee aazadi daa sarot spasht haii. 601. shamal hoiaan aatmavan baare kujh horr kahina chahida haii aadmi naal. ikk poora samaaj dooje naal sanchar qarr sakda haii. samaaj, jaan kise viakati dey naal uh jitthe vee howay; ikk aatma dey zariye samaaj toon bahr bhejiaa giaa; iss bhavna noon visha kiha jaanda haii bahut saare. swarg dey samajan naal manukh dey sanyojan baare vee iho sacch haii, atey narak witch samajan dey naal, dunia deeaan aatmavan dey zariye aatmavan joe manukh naal judiaan hoiaan hunn. (iss vishe utte vee dekho hethan darsaae gaye rastiaan witch arkana colestia.) 602. ant witch manukh dee antarjwan daa sanman karde hoye kujh kiha jaanha chahida haii maut toon baad uss dey jeevan dey sambandh witch joe kii pravaah toon liaa giaa haii swarg manukh witch. kujh aam lock sunn jinhan neey sansar witch vishwas dee bhalai witch rahinde sunn jinhan noon ikk witch waps lianda giaa see uh raaj jiss witch uh dunia witch sunn, joe hoow sakda haii jadon prabhu iss noon dinda haii taan kise naal keeta jaanda haii; atey firr ih dikhaiaa jaanda haii kii qee uhanan daa mannana see kii maut toon baad manukh dee sathiti baare uhanan daa qee vichaar see. uhanan neey kiha kii kujh budhiman viaktiaan neey unhan noon dunia witch puchhiaa see kii uh qee karde hunn dharti utte jeevan toon baad uhanan neey aapni aatma baare sochiaa atey uhanan neey jawab ditta. kii uh naheen janade sunn kii aatma qee haii. firr unhan noon puchhiaa giaa kii qee uh maut toon baad aapni sathiti baare vishwas karde sunn atey unhan neey kiha kii uh uhanan daa mannana see kii uh aatmavan wang jeeunge. uhanan noon firr puchhiaa giaa kii qee uhanan noon vishwas see kii uh ikk aatma daa sanman karde sunn; atey uhanan neey kiha kii uh ikk aadmi haii. unhan noon puchhiaa giaa kii uh ih kiven janade sunn atey unhan neey kiha kii uh iss noon janade hunn. kiunki ih iss tarahan haii. uh budhiman aadmi hairan sunn kii sadharan lokan daa ajiha vishwas see, joe unhan cole khud naheen see. ih haii iss gall daa saboot haii kii harr aadmi witch joe swarg dey naal haii maut toon baad uss dey jeevan daa sanman curran vaali ikk anubhavi bhavna. ih antarjwan haii swarg toon bahr aaunn toon ilava koee horr sarot naheen, yaani swarg raahin aatman dey sansar toon aatman dey zariye prabhu toon joe hunn aadmi naal mill giaa. ih antarjwan uhanan cole haii jinhan neey bujha naheen haii pahilan apnaiaan gaeeaan atey pushti keetiaan gaeeaan dharnavan duaara uhanan dee soch dee aazadi manukh dee aatma dey sanman witch vakkh-vakkh dalilan duaara, jiss noon manniaa jaanda haii jaan taan shudh vichaar, jaan koee mahattavpuran sidhant jiss daa adhaar haii sareer witch labhiaa jaanda haii; atey firr vee aatma jeevan toon ilava horr kujh naheen haii manukh, jadon kii aatma aap manukh haii; atey dharti daa sareer joe uh dunia witch aapne naal lae keey jaanda haii siraf ikk agent haii jiss duaara aatma, joe kii aadmi khud haii, witch yog dhang naal kamm curran dey yog haii kudrati sansar. 603. swarg baare iss kamm witch qee kiha giaa haii, sansar aatmavan atey narak, uhanan laee aspasht honge jinhan noon iss witch koee dilchaspi naheen haii. adhiaatmik sachaiaan baare sikkhna, parr uhanan laee sapshat hovega jinhan cole haii ajihi dilchaspi, atey khaskar uhanan laee joe piaar karde hunn sachchai dee khaatar sachchai, bhaav, joe sachchai noon piaar karde hunn kiunki ih haii sacch; kiunki joe vee piaar keeta jaanda haii uh chaanan dey naal munn witch dakhal hunda haii vichaar, khaas karke sacch joe piaar keeta jaanda haii, kiunki saara sacch sacch witch haii chaanan. akana culestia toon kaddhe gaye tatt manukh dee aazadi, pravaah atey aatmavan daa sanman karde hunn jinhan raahin sanchar prabhavit hunde hunn. aazadi. saaree aazadi piaar jaan piaar naal sabandhat haii, kiunki joe vee howay ikk aadmi piaar karda haii uh sutantar taur 'teey karda haii (ainn. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). kiunki aazadi piaar naal sabandhat haii, ih harr kise dee zindagi haii. (ainn. 2873). kujh vee manukh daa aapna naheen japda sivaae uss dey joe haii aazadi (ainn. 2880). swargi aazadi atey narak dee aazadi haii (ainn. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the changiaai atey sachchai daa piaar (ainn. 1947, 2870, 2872). atey changiaai atey sachchai daa piaar prabhu dee aazadi toon haii prabhu (ainn. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). prabhu duaara manukh noon swargi aazadi vall lijaiaa jaanda haii punarjanman (ainn. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). manukh noon mudd paida honn laee aazadi honee chahidi haii (ainn. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). changiaai atey sachchai daa piaar kise horr tarike naal naheen hoow sakda. manukh witch lagaiaa giaa, atey uss duaara uss dey taur teey vartiaa giaa aapne (ainn. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). kujh vee manukh naal majburi dee sathiti witch naheen judiaa hoiaa haii (n. 2875, 8700). jey manukh noon majburi naal sudhariaa jaa sakda haii taan sabh bach jaange. (ainn. 2881). sudhar witch majburi nuksandeh haii (ainn. 4031). aazadi toon saaree pooja pooja haii, parr aazadi toon pooja majburi pooja naheen haii (ainn. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). toba ikk sutantar raaj witch keeti jaanhi chahidi haii, atey majburi dee sathiti witch prabhavit toba koee naheen haii. laabh (ainn. 8392). majburi deeaan sathitiaan, uh qee hunn (ainn. 8392). [3] manukh noon aazadi toon kamm curran dee aagiaa ditti gaee haii caarn, ant takk kii uss laee changa muhaiya karvaiaa jaa sakda haii, atey isey laee manukh noon sochan atey sochan dee aazadi haii. burai qee haii, atey iss noon karna jinna door kanoon naheen karde manha crow (ainn. 10777). prabhu neey manukh noon swarg atey narak dey vichkaar rakkhiaa haii, atey iss tarahan santulan witch, taan joe uh aazadi witch howay sudhar (ainn. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). joe aazadi witch lagaiaa jaanda haii uh kaaim rahinda haii, parr uh naheen joe haii majburi (ainn. 9588). iss caarn karke koee vee kadey vee uss dee aazadi toon vanjha naheen rahinda (ainn. 2876, 2881). prabhu kise noon majbur naheen karda (ainn. 1937, 1947). aapne aap noon majbur karna aazadi toon haii, parr honaa naheen haii majbur (ainn. 1937, 1947). ikk aadmi noon burai daa virodh curran laee aapne aap noon majbur karna chahida haii (ainn. 1937, 1947, 7914). changa kamm karna jiven kii aapne aap toon, atey ajey vee savikar karna kii ih prabhu vallon haii (ainn. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). manukh noon partave dey yuddhan witch ikk mazboot aazadi haii jiss noon uh jittda haii, kiunki uh firr aapne aap noon vadhere majbur karda haii andruni taur 'teey virodh curran laee, halanki ih horr dikhai dinda haii (ainn. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] narak dee aazadi dee agvai piaar duaara keeti jaandi haii sway atey sansar atey uhanan deeaan ichhavan (ainn. 2870, 2873). joe narak witch hunn uh koee horr aazadi naheen janade (ainn. 2871). swargi aazadi narak dee aazadi toon bahut door haii. jiven swarg narak toon haii (ainn. 2873, 2874). narak dee aazadi, jiss witch piaar dee agvai shamal haii sway atey sansar dee aazadi naheen balki gulami haii (ainn. 2884, 2890). kiunki gulami narak dee agvai witch haii (ainn. 9586, 9589-9591). pravaah. [5 uh saariaan cheezan joe manukh sochda haii atey chahunda haii uss witch vahindiaan hunn tajrabe toon (ainn. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). vishiaan vall dhiaan denh, sochan dee manukh dee samratha, atey vishleshnatmak taur utte sitte kaddhana, pravaah (ainn. 4319, 4320, 5288). manukh ikk pall vee naheen jee sakda jey uh adhiaatmik sansar uss toon door lae liaa giaa; anubhav toon (ainn. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). prabhu toon aaunn vaala jeevan uss anusar vakkhra hunda haii. manukh dee sathiti dey naal atey suagat dey anusar (ainn. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). joe burey hunn uhanan naal change joe vahinde hunn prabhu burai witch badal jaanda haii, atey sacch jhooth witch badal jaanda haii; tajrabe toon (ainn. 3642, 4632). changa atey sacch joe prabhu vallon nirantar aaunda haii siraf iss hadd takk prapat keete jaande hunn kii uh rukawat naheen hunde burai atey jhooth duaara (ainn. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6 prabhu vallon saariaan changiaan cheezan aaundiaan hunn atey saariaan buraiaan prabhu vallon aaundiaan hunn. narak (ainn. 904, 4151). ajj-kallh manukh daa mannana haii kii sabh kujh iss witch haii aapne aap witch atey aapne aap vicchon hunn, jadon asal witch uh ander vahinde hunn; atey ih uh church dey sidhant toon jaanh sakda haii, joe sikhaunda haii kii saare change parmatma toon hunn, atey saare burey parmatma toon hunn. shaitan (ainn. 4249, 6193, 6206). parr jey manukh daa vishwas iss sidhant dey anusar see taan uh naa uh aapne laee burai noon theek karega atey naa hii uh karega uss daa aapna honaa changa haii (ainn. 6206, 6324, 6325). aadmi dee sathiti kinni khushhal hovegi jey uh mannada haii kii sabh prabhu vallon changiaai aaundi haii atey narak toon saariaan buraiaan aaundiaan hunn. (ainn. 6325). joe swarg toon inkaar karde hunn jaan joe iss baare kujh naheen janade uh naheen karde pataa crow kii swarg toon koee pravaah haii (ainn. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). pravaah qee haii, tulna duaara darsaiaa giaa haii (ainn. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jeevan daa sabh kujh pahile jharne toon vahinda haii jeevan, kiunki ih iss daa sarot haii; atey ih nirantar iss tarahan jeevan daa sabh kujh prabhu vallon haii (ainn. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). pravaah adhiaatmik haii naa kii sarirak, bhaav pravaah haii adhiaatmik sansar toon kudrati witch, naa kii kudrati witch adhiaatmik (ainn. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). pravaah andruni manukh raahin baahari witch hunda haii, jaan aatma raahin sareer witch, naa kii ulat, kiunki manukh dee aatma adhiaatmik sansar witch haii, atey uss daa sareer kudrati (ainn. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). andruni manukh adhiaatmik sansar witch haii atey kudrati sansar witch baahari (ainn. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). ikk dikkh haii kii ikk aamad haii manukh dey baahari andruni witch, parr ih ikk bharam haii (ainn. 3721). manukh dey naal cheezan witch taraksheel pravaah hunda haii, atey ih giaan witch hunn, naa kii ulat (ainn. 1495, 1707, 1940). pravaah daa kram qee haii (n. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). prabhu vallon siddhi aamad hundi haii, atey isey tarahan vicholgi crow adhiaatmik sansar jaan swarg vicchon pravaah (ainn. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). prabhu dee aamad manukh witch changiaai witch haii, atey duaara sachchai witch changa, atey ulat naheen (ainn. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). changa prabhu toon pravaah prapat curran dee samratha dinda haii, parr change toon binan sacch naheen hunda (ainn. 8321). kujh vee joe vichaar witch vahinda haii nuksandeh naheen haii, parr siraf vasiat witch qee vahinda haii, kiunki ih uh haii joe manukh laee nirdharat (ainn. 6308). [8] ikk aam pravaah haii (n. 5850). ih adesh anusar kamm curran daa nirantar yatan haii. (ainn. 6211). ih pravaah janwaran dey jeevan witch haii (ainn. 5850). sabziaan dey raaj dey vishiaan witch vee (ainn. 3648). ih iss aam pravaah dey anusar haii joe sochda haii aadmi naal bolna, atey kamm karna atey karna andolan (ainn. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishiaan deeaan aatmavan. [9] aatman dey samajan toon horaan noon bhejiaan gaeeaan aatme samajan atey horr aatmavan noon "vishe" (ainn. 4403, 5856). dooje jeevan witch sanchar dey zariye prabhavit hunde hunn ajihe doot aatmavan (ainn. 4403, 5856, 5983). ikk aatma joe ikk vishe vajon seva curran laee bheji gaee haii, uh naheen sochdi aapne aap toon, parr uhanan toon sochde hunn jinhan duaara uh bhejiaa giaa haii agge (ainn. 5985-5987). ajihiaan aatmavan naal sabandhat bahut saare verve (ainn. 5988, 5989).

swargah narakah cha-63 adhyayah lxii 597. swargasya narakasy cha madhye samatolah adhunaa varnitah asti, tathaa cha satkarmayoho madhye samatolah asti iti darshitam asti. swargaat, narakaat cha dushtah, ataha saha ekaha. adhyatmikasamatulyam, yasya saarah swaatantryam asti. adhyatmikam swamoolye samatolah swaatantryam asti yatah saha santulanam bhavati. satkrutyayoho madhye, satyasya asatyasya cha madhye, evam cha adhyatmikam. ataha yat uttamm kim athavaa tatt kartum shaknoti. dushtah asti, satyam asatyam chintayati, ekasya vikalpe anyasya vikalpah chinotu, tatra swaatantryam vartate. chikitsaam karoti. ayam swaatantryo sarwwebhyah bhagavatah pradattah asti. kadaapi naa gruheetam; vastutah tasya utpatteh karanat tatt manushyasy naa bhavati. parantu prabhoho, yatah saa prabhoho asti. tathaapi, dattam svapranayukta manujasya krute, yathaa swapraanah, tathaa cha manujasya krute etat kriyate. samskarayitum rakshayitum cha sakshamata asti; yatah tatra swaatantryam naasti. naa samskaarah, naa mokshah cha bhavitum shaknoti. kasyaapi yuktiyukta-antargyaanena saha chintayitum samarthah iti maanavasvaatantryasya bhaagah asti iti drashtum shakyate. anuchitam vaa yathartham vaa, pramanikam vaa avivekee vaa, nyaayayuktam vaa anyaayayuktam vaa; saha samyak, pramanikataya, nyayyataya cha vakttum, karyam kartum cha swatantrah asti iti. kintu naa bhaashitum, naa anuchitam, avivekee, anyayapuritam cha karyam kartum, yatah adhyatmikam, naitikam, naagarikam cha vidhihi yasmaat tasya baahyam dhaaritam asti. sanyame. ataha, spashtatayaa, manushyasy aatmaa chintayati tathaa chintayati. icchaayaah, swaatantrye asti, naa tasya baahyah yah vadati, naa cha. adhiniyamah, uparyuktavidheem saha sahamatah iti vihaay. 598. yaavat swaatantryam naasti taavat manushyasy samskaarah naa shakyate. saha sarvaprakaareshu dushteshu janitah, etaaha cha nishkaasitaah bhaveyuhu. tena rakshanarthm, tena vinaa te nishkaasayitum naa shaknuvanti. taan sveshaam drushtaa, swaatmakam cha sweekaroti, tatah param naa vilambayati. te taan dharanti, ante cha te viraktau bhavanti. taavat naa te apasaaritavantah. manushyah api uttamah naasti chet etat kartum naa shakyate. yathaa dushtah, yathaa satkarmaat eva dushtaan drashtum shaknoti. dushtaat saha satkaram naa drashtum shaknoti. aatmik-vastuhu ye manujah samarthah asti. saha baalyam yaavat, tasya shabdasya pathanam tathaa tasya pathanam aadat, chintanam shikshate. upadesha, tathaa cha saha swajeevane naitikam naagarikam cha samyak shikshate. jagatah. idam prathamam karanam yat maanavasamaajyam bhavitum arhati. [2]] anyat karanam yat, yat vastu asti tasya vinaa kimapi naa maanavebhyah praapyate. tasya premasya snehaat krutam. anye vastooni praveshtum shaknuvanti, kintu vichaaraat adhikam naa, icchaam naa prapnuyat, tathaa kimapi naa. manushyasy icchaayaam pravesham naa prapnuyat, yatah saa tasya naa bhavati. vichaarah smrutyaa tatsambandhitam eva praaptam, tathaa cha icchaashaktihi. tatt tatt jeevanaat eva praapyate. kevalam kim bhavati premasya snehaat icchaayaah vaa samanasya vaa bhavitum arhati. muktah iti kathyate, yatah yah kashchit manujah icchati vaa prema karoti vaa swatantratayaa karoti. phalatah manushyasy swaatantryam, tasya premasya vaa tasya snehasya vaa ekameva bhavishyati. anena eva manujasya swaatantryam yathakramam bhavati. satyena satkrutehe prabhaawitah bhavet, athavaa teshaam prema bhavet, evam te ekavaakye tasya swakiyaan iva bhavitum arhanti. manushyasy swaatantrye naa pravishati tasya shaashvatam naasti, yatah saha bhavati. naa tasya premasya, naa icchaayaah, naa cha yaa manushyasy. prema vaa icchaa vaa tasya aatmaayah naa bhavati; yatah saha eva asti.] manushyasy aatmaa prema vaa icchaa vaa asti. idam prema athavaa icchaa iti kathyate, yatah purushah yah swam preetim karoti tatt icchati. ataha eva manushyasy samskaarah shakyate. kevalam swaatantrye. parantu manushyasy swaatantryasya vishaye adhikam drashtum shakyate. adhah ullikhiteshu paricchedyeshu arkana colestia ityatra. 599. yathaa manushyah swaatantrye tishtati, tathaa cha antaparyantam saha swatantrah bhavet. samskrutah, swatmayaha vishaye swargena saha samyojitah asti. tathaa narake. yato hii pratyekam narakeasmin aatmaah santi. swargaat dootaah. naraken eva purushah swakeeyah asti. dushtah, swargaat dutanam dwara cha manushyah satkrute asti. bhagavatah, evam saha adhyatmikasamavate asti, arthaat, swaatantryam. swargaat swargadootaah, narakaat aatmaah cha saha militau stah. swargasya samyogasya adhyaye pratyekam purushah drashtum shakyate. manavajatya saha (naa. 291-302). 600. maanavasamaajah swargah iti dnyaatum arhati. naraken saha naa pratyaksham samyogam bhavati, kintu madhyasthah bhavati. atmanam jagatah sthitebhyah atmanam dwara samyogah. ete aatmaah, naa narakebhya, naa swargaat eva. purushena saha. atmanam jagate dushtaatmaabhih manujah asti. naraken saha saha, tatra cha sataatmaih saha saha asti. swargena saha saha. anena karanat atmanam jagatah asti. swargasya narakasy cha madhyasthah, tathaa cha tasmin jagatah svameva samatolah. (atmanam jagatah madhyasthah asti iti. swargasya narakasy cha madhye jagatah adhyaye drushyate. aatmaah, ena. 421-431 tathaa cha teshaam madhye aavashyakam samatolam asti. swargah narakah cha poorvasmin adhyaye drushyete. ena. 589-596) etasmaat sarvasmaat manujaswatantrataayaah srotah spashtah. 601. yaan aatmaah samyuktaah santi teshaam vishaye kimapi adhikam avashyam vadatu. purushena saha. sampoornah samaajah anyena saha sampreshanam kartum shaknoti. samaajah, athavaa vyaktihi yatra asti tatra aatmaayah madhyamena. samajat preritah ayam aatmaa, samajasya vishayah iti kathyate. anekaani. swargasthaih samaajaih saha manushyasy samyogasya vishaye api tathaiva bhavati. tathaa narake samaajaih saha, jagatah aatmaih saha aatmaah ye purushena saha samyuktaah santi. (asmin vishaye api pashyatu. adhah soochiteshu paricchedeshu arkana colestia iti.) 602. ante, manushyasy antardnyaanasya sammanartham kimapi avashyam vadatu. tasya mrutyoho anantaram jeevanam prati dhyanam yat tasya pravaahaat praaptam asti. swargah manushyaa. kechan samanyajanaha aasan ye vishvaase satkarme jagato jeevati sma, ye cha punah vishvaase ahataha. yathaa te jagati aasan, tathaiva sthitau bhavitum arhanti. yah kashchit prabhooh daanam karoti tadaa saha tena saha karyam karoti sma, tatah kim bhavati iti darshitam. mrutyoho anantaram manushyasy avasthaayaah vishaye te mataan dhaarayanti sma. te avadat. kechan buddhivantah janaah jagatah taan prucchan yat te kim prucchanti iti. pruthivyaam jeevanaanantaram swapraanasya vishaye chintayan te pratyuttarm dattavantah. aatmaanam kim iti te naa jaananti sma. tatah te prushtaah yat kim? mrutyoho anantaram swaraajyam vishvasitavantaha, tathaa cha te uktavantah yat te te aatmaaroopen jeevanti iti vishvasitavantaha. punah te prucchan yat kim? aatmasy adaram te vishvasanti sma, saha purushah iti te vadanti sma. kim jaanaati iti te prushtaah, te taan jaananti iti avadat. yato hii tatt bhavati. te buddhivaryakaah aashcharyitaah ye saralanam vishvaasaha etaadrushah aasit yah teshaam naa aasit. idam pramaanam yat pratyekam manujah yah swargena saha asti tasmin asti. mrutyoho anantaram tasya jeevanasya sammanam kurvatee ekam antardrushtih. idam antardnyaanam ityatah asti. swargaat bahihi pravahatah, arthaat swargasya madhyamena, anyat kimapi srotam naasti. prabhoho dwara, atmanam jagatah atmanam dwara, ye cha purushena saha saha. ayam antardnyaanah teshaam asti ye naa nikshaptaah. poorvam sweekrutam pushtam cha kalpanaayaah dwara teshaam vichaarasvaatantryam manushyasy aatmasy vishaye vividhaihi tarkaih, yat maanyate shuddhachintah, athavaa kimapi mahattvapoornam tattvam yasya peetham asti - shareere anvishyata tathaapi aatmaa jeevanam atirichya kimapi naasti. manujah aatmaa cha manujah asti, pruthivyaa shareeram cha asti. saha samsaare tena saha vahati kevalam ekaha pratinidhihi asti yasya aatmaa, yah svayameva purushah, tasya sharirasya madhye yogyatayaa karyam kartum samarthah bhavati. praakrutikam jagatah. 603. swargasya jagatah vishaye asmin kaarye kim vadati? aatmau narakashch teshaam krute asprushyaah bhavishyanti yeshaam ruchihi naasti. aadhyaatmik-satyanam vishaye shikshate, parantu teshaam krute spashtam bhavishyati. etaadrushee ruchihi, visheshatah teshaam krute ye sneham dhaarayanti satyasya krute satyam, arthaat yah satyam prema karoti yatah saha satyah asti. satyameva; yato yah kashchit preeto bhavati saha prakashena manasya antah pravishati. vichaarah, visheshatah satyam yat priyam asti, yatah sarvam satyam tasye asti. jyotihi. akana-coolestia-ityasya nishkarshah, manushyasy swaatantryam, pravaaham, atmanam cha sammanam kurvanti, yasya madhyamena sampreshanam prabhaavitam asti. swaatantryam. sarvam swaatantryam premena vaa snehena vaa sambaddham asti, yatah kimapi yah purushah prema karoti saha swatantratayaa karoti (naa. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). yato hii swaatantryam premasambaddham asti, tatt eva sarvasya jeevanam asti. (naa. 2873). manushyasy swakeeyam kimapi naa drushyate, kevalam tasya eva. swaatantryam (enn. 2880). swargasya swaatantryam narakasy cha swaatantryam vartate (naa. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the satkrutehe cha prema (naa. 1947, 2870, 2872). yathaa satkarmanam cha prema prabhoho swatantrataayaah. swayam prabhunaa netrutvam asti (naa. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). bhagavatah manujah swargasya swaatantryam prati netrutve. punaryutpaadanam (enn. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). punah utpannam bhavitum maanavebhyah swaatantryam avashyam bhavet (naa. 1937 tame varshe, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). satkrutehe prema anyat kimapi naa bhavitum arhati. manushye sthaapitam, tathaa cha tasya svavat iva pratyayochitam. swakeeyam (enn. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). manushyena saha kimapi naa sahabandhitam bhavati (naa. 2875, 8700). yadi manushyah nirbandhena samskaritah tarhi sarve rakshitaah bhavishyanti. (naa. 2881). sudhaarane badhyatam hanikaram bhavati (naa. 4031). svatantryat prapta sarwaah poojaah poojaa eva, kintu poojaah svatantryat prapta asti. nirbandhah poojaa naa bhavati (naa. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). pashchaattaapah swatantra-avasthaayaam pravartitah bhavet, tathaa cha baadhyataayaah sthitau pravruttah pashchaattaapah naa bhavati. labha (enn. 8392). anivaaryataayaah avasthaha, taani kim santi (naa. 8392). [3] svatantryat kaaryam kartum manushyaay pradattam asti. kaaranam-- antatah tasya krute yat hitam kalpyate, tathaa cha ataha manujasya vichaarasya, sankalpasya cha swaatantryam vartate. kim dushtam, yatadooram niyamah naa bhavati tatpurvam karmmani. nishedhah (naa. 10777). swargasya narakasy cha madhye bhagavatah manujah rakshita asti. santulane, yena saha swatantrah bhavet - sudhaarah (ena. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). swaatantrye yat ropitam asti tatt shaashvatam bhavati, parantu tatt naa bhavati. anivaryataya sthaapitam (enn. 9588). anena karanat naa kenaapi tasya svatantryat kadaapi vanchitah bhavati (naa. 2876, 2881). bhagavatah kaachit naa nirbandhayati (naa. 1937, 1947). swam prerayati svatantryat, parantu naa bhavati. balaat (enn. 1937, 1947). naraha dushtatam pratirodhayitum svameva baadhyah bhavet (naa. 1937 tame varshe, 1947, 7914). swaat eva satkarmani kartum api cha swaat eva sweekaromi. tatt prabhuroopen (naa. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). pralobhaneshu yuddhe manujasya swaatantryam prabalam bhavati. yaan saha jayati, yatah saha tatah swayam adhikam balaat. aantarikaroopen pratirodham kartum, yadyapi anyathaa drushyate (naa. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] narakaswaatantryam premena netrutve bhavati. swasya, jagatah, teshaam vaasanaah cha (naa. 2870, 2873). ye narake santi te anyat swaatantryam naa jaananti (naa. 2871). swargasya swaatantryam narakasy svatantryat bahu doore asti. yathaa swargah narakaat asti (naa. 2873, 2874). narakaswaatantryam, yat premena netrutve bhavati. swasya vishvasya cha swaatantryam naa, daasatvam (naa. 2884, 2890). daasatvam naraken nayyate (naa. 9586, 9589-9591). pravaahah. [5 yah kashchit manujah chintayati icchati sa sarvveshu tasya antah pravahanti. anubhawatah (ena. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). vishayaah prati dhyanam daatum, chintayitum cha manushyasy kshamata, tathaa vishleshanaatmakaroopen nishkarsham praaptum, pravaahaat (enn. 4319, 4320, 5288). manushyah eka nimisham api jeevitum naa shaktah yadi tasya pravaahah bhavati. aatmikam jagatam tasya anubhavaat apakruta. (naa. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). prabhoho dwara pravahamaanah jeevah tadanusaarah bhinnah bhavati. manushyasy sthityaa, sweekaranasya anusaaram cha (naa. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). dushtanam krute uttamah cha pravaahah bhavati. prabhuhu dushtah satyah cha mithyaa cha bhavati. anubhawatah (ena. 3642, 4632). satkarmani cha sadaa prabhoho sannidhau. kevalam etaavat eva praapyate yat te naa baadhitaah. dushtata tathaa asatyata (ena. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6 sarvvaani satkriyaani prabhoho sarvvaani adhvaani cha pravahanti. narakah (enn. 904, 4151). adyatve manujah sarvvam vastushu eva asti iti vishvasati. svameva swatah cha santi, yadaa vastutah te pravahanti. idam saha mandaliyam mataantarena dnyaatum shaknoti. yah upadeshayati yat sarvam uttamm eeshwaraat, sarvam ashubham eeshwaraat cha bhavati. da devill (n. 4249, 6193, 6206). parantu yadi manujasya vishvaasaha etasmaat siddhaanten saha samaanugunam bhavati tarhi saha naa saha swaartham dushtam karoti, naa cha karoti. swakeeyah bhavitum samyak bhavati (naa. 6206, 6324, 6325). yadi saha sarvam vishvasati tarhi manushyasy sthitihi kiyat sukhitaa bhavati. prabhoho satkarmah sarvvaani narakaat pravahanti. (naa. 6325). ye swargam naa jaananti te naa jaananti. swargaat kimapi pravaahah asti iti jaanaatu (naa. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). pravaahah kah iti, tulanayaa spashtah (naa. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] prathamasya zaranaat jeevanasya sarvam pravahati. jeevah, yatah saa eva tasya srotah, nityah cha. evam pravahati jeevasya sarvam prabhoho (naa. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). pravaahah adhyatmikaha asti naa tu bhautikah, arthaat pravaahah asti. adhyatmikalokat praakrutikam prati, naa tu tasya adhyatmikam prati praakrutikam (naa. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). antah manushyasy madhyamena bahihi pravishati, athavaa aatmaayah madhyamena shareeram pravishati, naa tu pratyutaram, yato hii manushyasy aatmaa aatmik-jagate asti, tathaa cha tasya shareeram praakrutikam (naa. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). antarikah purushah aadhyaatmik-jagate asti, tathaa cha praakrutikavishve baahyah (naa. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). tatra drushyate yat tatratah pravaahah asti iti. manushyasy bahyani aantarikaani, parantu eshaa bhrantihi (naa. 3721). manavena yuktiyukteshu vastoonaam pravaahah bhavati, tathaa cha tasya madhyamena. ete gyaaneshu, naa tu vipareetam (naa. 1495, 1707, 1940). pravaahasya kramah kah (n. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). prabhoho pratyakshapravaah asti, tathaiva madhyasthata cha karotu. aadhyatmikalokam vaa swargam vaa pravahati (naa. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). prabhoho pravaahah manushyasy madhye satkarmeshu cha bhavati. satye uttamm, naa tu vipareetam (naa. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). satkarmah prabhoho pravaaham graheetum shakttim dadati. parantu satkarmam vinaa satyam naa bhavati (naa. 8321). vichaarasya antah pravahamaanam kimapi naa hanikaram bhavati, parantu kevalam icchaayaam kim pravahati, yatah etat eva asti. purushaay anugruheetam (naa. 6308). [8] saamaanyapravaah asti (n. 5850). idam kramanusaram kaaryam kartum nirantaram prayatate. (naa. 6211). ayam pravaahah pashunam jeevane asti (enn. 5850). shaak-rajyasya vishaye api (enn. 3648). ayam saamaanyapravaah eva chintitah. manushyena saha bhashane patati, kriyaasu cha cha. aandolanaani (enn. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishaya-aatmaah. [9] atmikasamajat anyeshu prati preshitaah aatmaah. samajanam anyatmanam cha krute "vishayah" iti kathyate (enn. 4403, 5856). anyajeebane sampreshanam tena prabhaawitah bhavati - etaadrushaah dutatmaha (enn. 4403, 5856, 5983). vishayaroopen sevaartham preshitah aatmaa naa chintayati. swaat eva kintu yasmaat karana saha preshitah teshaam vishaye chintayati. agre (enn. 5985-5987). etaadrushaah aatmaah sambaddhaani anekaani vivaranaani (naa. 5988, 5989).

sorkkam mattrum naragam/63 <unk> aththiyayam lxii 597. sorkkaththirkum naragaththirkum idaiyilaana samanilai ippoathu vivarikkappattullathu, mattrum idhu nanmaikku idaiyilaana samanilai endru niroopikkappattullathu sorkkaththilirunthu varum theeyathum naragaththilirunthu varum theeyathum, enavae adhu oru aanmeega samanilai, adhan saaraamchaththil suthanthiram. aanmeega samanilai enbathu adhan saaraamchaththil suthanthiram, aenenil adhu oru samanilai. nanmaikkum theemaikkum idaiyae, saththiyaththirkum poiyukkum idaiyae, ivai aanmeega reethiyaana. enavae ethu nallathu allathu enna seiya mudiyum theeyathu mattrum ethu unmai allathu poy endru sinthippathu, mattrum ontraith thaerntheduppathu mattrondrukku munnurimai, ingkae ulla suthanthiram sigichchai aliththaar. inththa suthanthiram ovvoru manithanukkum aandavaraal vazhangkappadukirathu, maelum orupoathum eduththuch sellappadavillai; unmaiyil, adhan thoattraththin kaaranamaaga adhu manithaninthalla. aanaal adhu aandavaridamirunthu varuvathaal, adhu aandavarukkae uriyathu. iruppinum, adhu vazhangkappadukirathu manithanukkuth thann uyiraip poala adhu thann uyiraip poala; idhu manithanaal seiyakkoodiya vagaiyil seiyappadugirathu. angku suthanthiram illaamal iruppathaal, seerthiruththappattu kaappaattrappadum thiran kondavar. adhu seerthiruththamoa iratchippoa alla. endhavoru paguththarivu ullunarvudanum sinthikka mudiyum enbathu manithanin suthanthiraththin oru paguthiyaagum enbathai oruvar kanalaam. thavaraagavoa allathu sariyagavo, nermaiyaagavoa allathu nermaiyattra muraiyil, niyayamagavo allathu niyaayamattra muraiyil; avar sariyaaga, nermaiyaagavum, niyaayamaagavum paesavum seyalpadavum suthanthiramaaga irukkiraar endrum; aanaal thavaraagap paesaamalum, nermaiyattrathaagavum, niyaayamattrathaagavum seyalpadaamalum iruppathu, aenentraal avarathu velippuram nadatthappadum aanmeega, thaarmeega mattrum sivil sattangal kattuppaattukkul. appadiyaanaal, velippadaiyaaga, manithanin aaviyae sinthikkirathu mattrum viruppangkal, adhu suthanthiraththil ullathu, paesukira avarathu velippuram alla maerkooriya sattangaludan udanpaduvathaith thavira, sattangal. 598. suthanthiram illavittaal manithanai seerthiruththa mudiyaathu, aenentraal avar ellah vagaiyaana theemaigalilum piranthaar; ivai agattrappada vaendum avar iratchikkappaduvatharkaaka; avar illaiyendraal avarkal agattrappada mudiyaathu avarkalaith thannidaththil paarththu, avarkalai angkeekarikkiraar, pinnar niruththukiraar avarkal seivaargal, iruthiyaaka avarkalai veruppil vaiththiruppaarkal. adhuvarai illai avarkal agattrinar. manithanum nalla nilaiyil illavittaal idhaich seiya mudiyaathu. theeyathaip poala, aenenil avar nallathilirunthu thaan theemaigalaik kaana mudigirathu, athae neraththil theeya nilaiyil irunthu avar nallathaik kaana mudiyaathu. manithanaal seiyakkoodiya aanmeegap porutkal avar kuzhandhaip paruvaththilirunthae vaarththaiyaip padippathan moolam kattrukkolkiraar mattrum pirasangkiththal; maelum avar thanathu vaazhkkaiyilirunthu thaarmeega mattrum kudimai nalanaik kattrukkolkiraar ulagam. manithar suthanthiramaaga irukka idhuvae muthal kaaranam. [2]] mattroru kaaranam ennaventraal, manithanukku ethuvum odhukkappadavillai, aanaal adhu enna avarathu anbin paasaththilirunthu seiyappattathu. mattra vishayangkal nulaiyalaam, aanaal sinthanaiyai vida thooramillai, virupaththai adaiyavillai; mattrum ethuvaaka irunththaalum manithanin viruppaththirkul nuzhaiyaathathu avanudaiyathaaga maaraathu, aenentraal sinthanai enbathu ninaivilirunthu athaip pattriyathaip perukirathu, athae neraththil viruppam adhu thodarpaanavattrai vaazhkkaiyilirunthae perukirathu. enna irunthu mattumae anbin paasaththilirunthu, viruppamoa allathu ontrae, irukka mudiyum oru manithan virumbiya allathu nesikkum etharkum suthanthiramaaga azhaikkappadugiraan; idhan vilaivaaga manithanin suthanthiramum avarathu anbin paasamum allathu avarathu anbin paasamum ondru irukkum. inththa kaaranaththirkaagavae manithanukku suthanthiram ullathu, avar sathiyam mattrum nanmai paathikkappadalaam allathu avarkalai nesikkalaam endru, mattrum endru ivvaaru avarkal oru vaarththaiyil avarudaiya sontham poala [3] aagalaam, ethuvaaka irunththaalum manithanin suthanthiraththirkul nuzhaiyaathatharku nirantharam illai, aenentraal adhu seikirathu avarathu anbuko allathu viruppaththukkoa sonthamaanathalla, manithanin viruppaththirkuch sonthamaanathu alla anbu allathu viruppam avarathu aavikku sonthamaanathu alla; aenentraal [porul]] manithanin aavi anbu allathu viruppam. idhu kaathal allathu viruppam endru koorappadugiradhu, aenenil oru manithan thaan virumbuvathai virumbukiraan. appadiyaanaal, manithanai seerthiruththa mudiyum. suthanthiraththil mattumae. aanaal manithanin suthanthiram pattriya maelum palavattraik kanalaam. keezhae kurippidapattulla paththigalil ulla argana collestiavil. 599. manithan suthanthiramaaga irukka vaendum enbatharkaaka, iruthiyil avar irukka mudiyum endru seerthiruththappattu, avar thanathu aaviyaip porutthavarai sorkkaththudan inaikkappattullaar mattrum naragaththudan. ovvoru manithanidamum naragaththilirunthu varum aavikal ullana, vaanaththilirunthu thevathootharkal. naragaththin moolam thaan manithan thanakkulleye irukkiraan. theeya, athae neraththil vaanaththilirunthu thevathootharkal moolam thaan manithan nalla nilaiyil irukkiraan karththaridamirunthu; ivvaaru avar aanmeega samanilayil irukkiraar, athaavathu, suthanthiram. sorkkaththilirunthu thevathootharkalum naragaththilirunthu varum aavikalum inaikkappattullana ovvoru manithanum sorkkaththin inaippu kuriththa aththiyaayaththil kanalaam manitha inaththudan (n. 291-302). 600. manithanin sorkkaththudan inaivu enbathai purinthu kolla vaendum. naragaththudan neradi inaippu avarkaludan illai, aanaal oru mathyasthar aavikalin ulagil irukkum aavikal moolam inaiththal. inththa aavikal, naragaththilirunthoa sorkkaththilirunthoa yaarum illai, aanudan. aavikalin ulagil theeya aavikal moolam manithan naragaththudan inaikappatta avar, nalla aavikal moolam angku irukkiraar. sorkkaththudan inainthathu. idhan kaaranamaaga aavikalin ulagam sorkkaththirkum naragaththirkum idaiyae ulla idainilai, antha ulagil samanilai thaanaagavae. (aavikalin ulagam idainilai endru sorkkaththirkum naragaththirkum idaiyil ulagaththin aththiyaayaththil kanalaam aavikal, enn. 421-431; mattrum idaiyae aththiyaavasiya samanilai sorkkam mattrum naragam ullathu enbathai munththaiya aththiyaayaththil kanalaam, enn. 589-596.) ivai anaiththilirunthum manithanin suthanthiraththin aathaaram thelivaagath therikirathu. 601. inainththirukkum aavikalaip pattri innum aethaavathu solla vaendum. aanudan. oru muzhu samoogamum mattroruvarudan thodarbu kollalaam. samoogam, allathu oru thaninabar engku irunththaalum; oru aavi moolam samoogaththilirunthu anuppapatta inththa aavi porul endru azhaikkappadukirathu pala. sorkkaththil ulla samoogangaludan manithanin inaippukkum idhu porunthum, naragaththil ulla samoogangaludan, ulagaththilirunththu varum aavikal moolam manithanudan inaintha aavikal. (inththa vishayathil maelum paarkkavum keezhae kurippidapattulla paththigalil argana colestia.) 602. iruthiyaaka, manithanin ullunarvai mathiththu aethaavathu sollappada vaendum. avarathu maranaththirkup pinththaiya vaazhkkaiyaip porutthavarai, idhu avarathu varugaiyilirunthu perappadukirathu manithanukku sorkkam. sila eliya samanian makkal irunththanar visuvaasaththin nanmaiyil ulagil vaazhnththavargal, avarkal meendum oru nilaikku kondu varappattanar avarkal ulagil irunthathaip poantra maanilam, idhu irukkalaam aandavar adhai vazhangkumpoathu yaarudanum seiyappattathu; pinnar adhu enna enbathaik kaattappattathu maranaththirkup piragu manithanin nilai kuritthu avarkal karutthu theriviththanar. avarkal koorinar. sila puththisaalikal ulagil avarkalidam enna kaettaargal endru poomiyil vaalnththa piragu thangal aanmaavaip pattri ninaitthuk kondaargal; adharku avarkal pathilaliththanar. anma endraal ennaventru avarkalukkuth theriyaathu. pinnar avarkalidam enna endru kaetkappattathu. avarkal iranththa piragu thangal nilaiyai nambinar, maelum avarkal sonnaargal avarkal aavikalaaka vaazhvaargal endru nambinar. meendum avarkalidam enna endru kaetkappattathu. avarkal oru aaviyai mathikkiraarkal endru nambinar; avar oru manithan endru avarkal koorinar. idhai eppadi arinththaarkal endru avarkalidam kaetkappattathu, maelum avarkal adhai arinthiruppathaagak koorinar. aenentraal adhu appaditthaan. antha puththisaalikal aachariyappattanar, eliyavargalukku aththagaiya nambikkai irunththathu, adhu avarkalukku illai. idhu thaan sorkkaththudan inainththirukkum ovvoru manithanilum ullathu enbatharku oru saantru maranaththirkup pinththaiya avarathu vaazhkkaiyai mathikkum oru ullunarvu. inththa ullunarvu irunthu sorkkaththilirunthu, athaavathu sorkkam vazhiyaaga veliyaerum vazhiyaith thavira vaeru endha aathaaramum illai. aavikalin ulagaththilirunththu aavikal moolam aandavaridamirunthu aanudan saernthu kondaan. inththa ullunarvu anaikkappadaadhavargalukku ullathu munbu aetrtrukkollappatta mattrum uruthippaduthappatta karuththugalaal avarkalin sinthanai suthanthiram manithanin aanmaavai mathikkum palvaeru vaathangkal moolam, idhu karudhappadugiradhu ondru thooya sinthanai, allathu adhan irukkai sila mukiya kolgai udalil thaedappadukirathu; innum anma enbathu vaazhkkaiyaith thavira vaerillai manithan, aavi thaan manithan; mattrum poomikkuriya udal avar inththa ulagil avarudan sumanthu selvathu verum oru mugavar, idhan moolam aavi, athaavathu manithanae, athil poruththamaaga seyalpada uthavukirathu iyarkai ulagam. 603. sorkkaththaip pattri inththa padaippil enna sollappattullathu, inththa ulagam aavikalum naragamum aarvam illaathavarkalukku thelivattrathaaga irukkum. aanmeega unmaigalaip pattri kattrukkolvathu, aanaal ullavargalukku thelivaaga irukkum aththagaiya aarvam, kurippaaga paasam ullavargalukku saththiyaththirkaaga sathiyam, athaavathu, saththiyatthai nesippavargal aenenil adhu unmai; aenenil, appoathu nesikkappadubavai anaiththum oliyudan manathin ullaththirkul nuzhaigindrana. sinthanai, kurippaaga nesikkappadum unmai, aenentraal anaitthu unmaiyum athil ullathu olii. manithanin suthanthiram, varatthu mattrum thagavalthodarpugal paathikkappadum aavikalai mathikkum agana coolestiavilirunthu saarugal. suthanthiram. anaitthu suthanthiramum anbu allathu paasaththudan thodarpudaiyathu, aenentraal ethuvaaka irunththaalum oru manithan suthanthiramaaga nesikkiraan (enn. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). suthanthiram enbathu anbudan thodarpudaiyathu enbathaal adhu anaivarin vaazhkkaiyaagum. (enn. 2873). manithanukkuch sonthamaanathu endru thoandruvathu ethuvumillai, adhu enna enbathilirunthu varukirathu suthanthiram (n. 2880). paraloaga suthanthiramum naraga suthanthiramum ullathu (n. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the nanmai mattrum saththiyaththin meethu kaathal (n. 1947, 2870, 2872). nanmai mattrum saththiyaththin meethaana anbu karththarin suthanthiraththilirunthu varuvathaal aandavaraal vazhinadaththappaduvathil thaan ullathu (n. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). kartharaal manithar paraloaga suthanthiraththirku vazhinadaththappadugiraar meeluruvaakkam (n. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). manithanukku meeluruvaakkam pera suthanthiram irukka vaendum (n. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). vaeru endha vagaiyilum nanmai mattrum saththiyaththin meethaana anbu irukka mudiyaathu. manithanil porutthappattu, avaraal thanathuthaagath thoantriyathu sontham (n. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). kattaaya nilaiyil manithanudan ethuvum inaikkappadavillai (n. 2875, 8700). kattaayatthaal manithanai seerthiruththa mudinthaal anaivarum kaappaattrappaduvaargal. (enn. 2881). seerthiruththaththil kattaayappaduththuthal theengku vilaivikkum (n. 4031). suthanthiraththilirunthu varum anaitthu vazhipaattukalum vazhipaadae, aanaal suthanthiraththilirunthu varum vazhipaattaiyae vazhipadugindrana. kattaayappaduththuthal enbathu vazhipaadu alla (n. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). mananthirumputhal oru suthanthiramaana nilaiyil seiyappada vaendum, mattrum kattaaya nilaiyil aerpadum mananthirumputhal illai payanpaadu (n. 8392). kattaaya nilaigal, avai enna (n. 8392). [3] suthanthiraththilirunthu seyalpaduvathu manithanukku vazhangkappadukirathu kaaranam, avarukku nanmai valangkappadalaam endru iruthiyil, mattrum idhanaalthaan manithanukku sinthikkavum, sinthikkavum suthanthiram ullathu. enna theemai, sattangal seiyaatha varai athaich seivathu thadai seiyungal (n. 10777). manithanai aandavar sorkkaththirkum naragaththirkum idaiyil vaiththirukiraar, enavae samanilayil, avar suthanthiramaaga irukka vaendum endru seerthiruththam (n. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). suthanthiraththil porutthappattavai nilaiththirukkindrana, aanaal avai alla kattaayaththin keezh poruththappattathu (n. 9588). inththa kaaranaththirkaaga yaarum avarathu suthanthiraththai orupoathum izhakkavillai (enn. 2876, 2881). karthar yaaraiyum kattaayappaduththuvathillai (n. 1937, 1947). oruvarin suyaththai kattaayappaduththuvathu suthanthiraththilirunthu varukirathu, aanaal iruppathu alla kattaayappaduthappattathu (n. 1937, 1947). oru manithan theemaiyai ethirkka thannai kattaayappadutha vaendum (enn. 1937, 1947, 7914). thannidamirunthu nanmai seivathu poalavum, innum angkeekarikkaamal iruppatharkum adhu aandavaridamirunthu varukirathu (n. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). manithanin soathanaigalin poarkalil valuvaana suthanthiram ullathu. avar adhai ventraar, aenentraal avar thannai maelum kattaayappaduthugiraar utpuramaaga ethirkka, adhu vaeruvithamaagath thoantrinaalum (n. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] naraga suthanthiram enbathu makkalin anbugalaal vazhinadaththappaduvathaik kurikkirathu. suyaththaiyum ulagaththaiyum avarkalin kaamangalaiyum (n. 2870, 2873). naragaththil iruppavargalukku vaeru endha suthanthiramum theriyaathu (n. 2871). paraloaga suthanthiram naraga suthanthiraththilirunthu vegu tholaivil ullathu sorkkam naragaththilirunthu vanthathu poala (n. 2873, 2874). naraga suthanthiram, idhu anbugalaal vazhinadaththappaduvathaik kondullathu suyaththirkum ulagirkum, suthanthiram alla, aanaal adimaitthanam (n. 2884, 2890). aenenil adimaitthanam naragaththaal vazhinadaththappadukirathu (n. 9586, 9589-9591). ooduruval. [5] manithan ninaikkum mattrum virumbum anaiththum avaridaththil paaikintrana. anubavaththilirunthu (n. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). paadangkalil kavanam seluththum, sinthikkum manithanin thiran, mattrum pakuppaaivu reethiyaaga mudivugalai eduppathu, inflovilirunthu (n. 4319, 4320, 5288). manithanaal oru kanam kooda vaazha mudiyaathu aanmeega ulagam avaridamirunthu parikkappattathu; anubavaththilirunthu (enn. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). aandavaridamirunthu varum vaazhkkai atharkaerpa maarupadukirathu. manithanin nilaiyudan mattrum varavaerpukku aerpa (n. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). theeyavargaludan, nallavattrilirunthu paayum aandavar theeyavaraagavum, unmai poikalaakavum maattrappadugiraar. anubavaththilirunthu (n. 3642, 4632). aandavaridamirunthu thodarnthu paayum nanmaiyum unmaiyum avai thadukkappadaatha alavirku mattumae perappadugindrana theeya mattrum poikalaal (n. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6. ellah nanmaigalum aandavaridamirunthu paaikintrana, theeyavai anaiththum aandavaridamirunthu paaikintrana. naragam (enn. 904, 4151). intraiya manithar ellaavattrilum iruppathaaka nambukiraar unmaiyil avai ullae paayum poathu, thaanum avanidamirunthae vanththavargal; devalayaththin koatpaattilirunthu avar idhai arinthirukkalaam, idhu anaitthu nanmaigalum kadavulidamirundhu varuvathaakavum, anaitthu theemaigalum kadavulidamirundhu varuvathaakavum karpikkirathu. bisasu (enn. 4249, 6193, 6206). aanaal manithanin nambikkai inthak koatpaattirku inangka irunthaal, avar thanakkuth thaanae theemai seiya mattar, seiya mattar. sonthamaaga iruppathu nallathu (n. 6206, 6324, 6325). avar anaivarum endru nambinaal manithanin nilai evvalavu magizhchchiyaaga irukkum karththaridamirunthu nanmai varukirathu, naragaththilirunthu anaitthu theemaigalum varukirathu. (enn. 6325). sorkkaththai maruthalippavargal allathu athaip pattri ethuvum theriyaathavarkal illai. sorkkaththilirunthu aethaenum oottam ullathu enbathai arinthu kollungal (n. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). enna varatthu, oppeedugal moolam vilakkappattullathu (n. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] vaazhkkaiyin anaiththum muthal neeroottrilirunthu paaikirathu vaazhkkai, aenentraal adhuvae adhan aathaaram; adhu thodarnthu ivvaaru vaazhvin anaiththum aandavaridamirunthu varukirathu (n. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). ooduruval enbathu aanmeegamaanathu, udal saarnthathalla, athaavathu, ooduruval enbathu aanmeega ulagaththilirunththu iyarkaikku, mattrum irunthu alla aanmeegaththil iyarkaiyaaka (enn. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). ull manithar vazhiyaaga velippuraththirkul nuzhaivathu, allathu aavi moolam udalukkul, mattrum ethir alla, aenenil manithanin aavi aanmeega ulagil ullathu, mattrum avarathu udal iyarkaiyil (enn. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). ull manithar aanmeega ulagil irukkiraar mattrum iyarkai ulagil velippuram (n. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). oru varugai ullathu endru oru thoattram ullathu manithanin velippurangkal utpuramaaga, aanaal idhu oru thavaraana purithal (n. 3721). manithanudan paguththarivulla vishayangkalukkul ooduruval ullathu, mattrum adhan moolam ivai arivugalaaka maarukintrana, maaraaga alla (n. 1495, 1707, 1940). varatthu varisai enna (n. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). aandavaridamirunthu neradi varugai ullathu, adebol madhyastham seiyungal aanmeega ulagam allathu sorkkam vazhiyaaga (n. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). karththarudaiya varugai manithanil ulla nallavattrirkul ullathu, mattrum adhan moolam saththiyaththil nallathu, adharku nermaaraaga alla (n. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). nanmai aandavaridamirunthu varaththaip perum thiranai alikkirathu, aanaal nanmai illaamal unmai illai (enn. 8321). sinthanaiyil paayum ethuvum theengku vilaivippathillai, aanaal viruppaththirkul enna paaikirathu, aenentraal idhudhaan manithanukku odhukkappattathu (n. 6308). [8] oru podhuvaana varatthu ullathu (n. 5850). idhu ozhungkirku aerpa seyalpaduvatharkaana thodarchchiyaana muyarchiyaagum. (enn. 6211). inththa varatthu vilangkugalin vaazhkkaiyil ullathu (n. 5850). kaaikari iraajjiyaththin kudimakkalilum (enn. 3648). inththa podhuvaana varavukku aerpa thaan sinthanai manithanudan paesuvathil vizhugiraar, mattrum seyalgal mattrum viruppangkalil vizhugiraar iyakkangkal (n. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). porul aavikal. [9] aavikalin samoogangalilirunthu pirarukku anupappadum aavikal samoogangalukkum pira aavikalukkum, "pirajaikal" endru azhaikkappadugiraargal (n. 4403, 5856). pira vaazhkkaiyil thagavalthodarpugal idhan moolam paathikkappadugindrana aththagaiya thoothuvarkal (enn. 4403, 5856, 5983). oru porulaaka saevai seiya anuppapatta aavi sindhikkaathu thannidamirunthu, aanaal avar anuppappattavargalidamir sinthikkiraar munnoakki (enn. 5985-5987). aththagaiya aavikal thodarpaana pala vivarangkal (n. 5988, 5989).

swargam mariyu narakam/63 <unk> adhyayam lxii 597. swargam mariyu narakam madhya samatulyata ippudu vivarinchabadindi, mariyu idhi manchi madhya samatulyata anie choopabadindi swargam nundi mariyu narakam nundi vacchina chedu, tadwara adhi oka aadhyaatmika samatulyata, daani saaraamsamlo swechcha. aadhyaatmikam samatulyata anedi daani saaraamsamlo swechcha endukante idhi oka samatulyata manchi chedula madhya, nijam mariyu abaddhaala madhya, mariyu ivi aadhyaatmikam. anduvalla edhi manchidi ledhaa edhi cheyagalagaali chedu mariyu edhi nijam ledhaa edhi abaddham anie aalochinchadam, mariyu okadaaniki marokadaaniki praadhaanyata ivvandi, ikkada unna swechcha chikitsa chesaaru. eee swechcha prati manishiki bhagavantudu istaadu, mariyu ennadoo teesiveyabadaledu; vaastavaaniki, daani muulam kaaranamgaa idhi manishiki chendinadi kaadu. conny prabhuvu yokkadi, endukante idhi prabhuvu nundi vachindi. ayithe, idhi ivvabadindi thana praanam thana praanam laaga unna manishiki, mariyu idhi manishi cheyagaligela cheyabadutundi. samskarinchabade mariyu rakshinchabade saamarthyam kaligi undandi; endukante akkada swechcha ledhu samskarana ledhaa moksham undakudadu. edainaa hetubaddhamaina antar drushti thoo aalochinchagalagadam anedi manishi swechhalo oka bhagamani chudavachu. tappugaa ledhaa sarigga, nijaayiteegaa ledhaa avidheyathatho, nyayamga ledhaa anyayamgaa; alaage athanu sarigga, nijaayiteegaa, nyayamga maatlaadataaniki, vyavaharinchadaaniki swechcha kaligi untaadu. conny tappugaa, avivekam mariyu anyayamgaa matladakudadu mariyu pravartinchakudadu, endukante aadhyaatmika, naitika, poura chattaala prakaram athani bahyamu unchabadutundi. samyamanamtho. spashtamgaa, appudu, idhi manishi yokka aatma, idhi aalochistundi mariyu sankalpaalu, antey swechhalo, mariyu matlade athani bahya kaadu paina perkonna chattaalatho oppandam kudurchukunnavi tappa, chattalu. 598. manishiki swechcha unte tappa, daanini samskarinchalemu, eee kaaranamgaane athanu anni rakaala chedulalo janminchaadani; mariyu veetini tolaginchaali athanu rakshimpabadataaniki; mariyu athanu tappa vaatini tolaginchalemu vaatini tanalo taanu chuusi, vaatini angeekarinchi, aaa taruvaata vaatini aapivestundi. vaarini pattukoni, chivaraku vaarini asahyamgaa unchutundi. appati varaku kaadu vaatini tolaginchaaru. mariyu manishi kooda manchi sthithilo unte tappa idhi saadhyam kaadu. chedulo unnatlugaa, manchi nundi athanu chedulanu chudagaladu, ayithe chedu nundi athanu manchini chudaleru. manishi saamarthyam unna aadhyaatmika vastuvulu aalochana athanu balyam nundi padam chadavadam dwara neerchukuntaadu mariyu nundi bodhinchadam; mariyu athanu thana jeevitam nundi naitika mariyu poura manchini neerchukuntaadu prapancha. manavudu swechchagaa undataaniki idhe modati kaaranam. [2]] maroka kaaranam emitante, manishiki edhi ketayinchabadadu thana prematho chesinadi. itara vastuvulu pravesam pondavacchu, conny aalochana kante ekkuva dhooram kaadu, sankalpaanni cherukoledu; mariyu edhi manishi chittamloki pravesinchakapovadam atanidi kaadu, endukante aalochana anedi daaniki sambandhinchinadi ghnaapakasakti nundi pondutundi, ayithe sankalpam daaniki sambandhinchinadi jeevitam nundi pondutundi. kevalam nundi prema yokka aapyaayata nundi sankalpam, ledhaa adhe emiti, kaavacchu oka vyakti taanu swechchagaa chese dheni kosam ishtapadina ledhaa preminchinaa, daanini swechchagaa pilustaaru. tatphalitamgaa manishi yokka swechcha mariyu athani prema ledhaa athani prema yokka aapyaayata okati untundi. eee kaaranamgaane manishiki swechcha undhi, athanu satyam mariyu manchi dwara prabhaavitamavvadaaniki ledhaa vaarini preminchadaaniki, mariyu aaa vidhamgaa vaaru oka maatalo cheppalante, ayana swantam [3] laaga maaravacchu. manishi swechchaloki pravesinchakapothe saasvatam undadu, endukante adhi ayana premaku ledhaa sankalpaaniki chendinadi kaadu, mariyu edhi manishiki chendinadi kaadu prema ledhaa sankalpam ayana aatmaku chendinadi kaadu; endukante [saaraamsam]] manishi aatma prema ledhaa sankalpam. idhi prema ledhaa sankalpam anie cheppabadutundi, endukante oka vyakti taanu ishtapadedaanni korukuntadu. anduke manishini samskarinchavacchu swechhalo matrame. conny manishi swechcha anae amsampai marinta chudavachu krinda suuchimchina bhagalalo arkana colestialo. 599. manishi swechchagaa undataaniki, athanu chivari varaku samskarinchabadina athanu thana aatmaku sambandhinchi swargamtho kalisi untaadu mariyu narakam thoo. prati manishitho narakam nundi aatmalu unnaayi mariyu swargam nundi vacchina devatalu. narakam dwarane manishi tanalo taanu unnadu chedu, ayithe swargam nundi vacchina devatala dwara manishi manchilo unnadu prabhuvu nundi; eee vidhamgaa ayana aadhyaatmika samatulyatalo unnadu, antey, swechcha. swargam nundi vacchina deevaduutalu mariyu narakam nundi vacchina aatmalu kalisi untaayi prati manishi swargam kalayikapai adhyaayamlo chudavachu maanava jaatito (enn. 291-302). 600. swargamtho manishi kalayika anie ardham chesukovali mariyu narakamtho pratyaksha samyogam vaaritho kaadu, conny madhyavartitvam aatmala prapanchamlo unna aatmala dwara kalayika. eee aatmalu, mariyu narakam nundi ledhaa swargam nundi evaruu, purushuditho. aatmala prapanchamlo dushta aatmala dwara manishi narakamtho kalisi, mariyu manchi aatmala dwara athanu akkada unnadu swargamtho kalisi. eee kaaranamgaa aatmala prapancham swargam mariyu narakam madhya madhyantaram, mariyu aaa prapanchamlo samatulyata swayamgaa. (aatmala prapancham madhyantaram anie swargam mariyu narakam madhya prapanchamlooni adhyaayamlo chudavachu aatmalu, enn. 421-431; mariyu vaati madhya avasaramaina samatulyata swargam mariyu narakam unnaayi anedi munupati adhyaayamlo chudavachu, enn. 589-596.) veetanniti nundi manishi swechchaku muulam spashtamgaa telustundi. 601. cherina aatmala gurinchi inca edho cheppalsi untundi purushuditho. mottam samajam marokaritho communication kaligi undavacchu samajam, ledhaa oka vyakti ekkada unnaa athanitho; oka aatma dwara samajam nundi pampabadina eee aatmanu vishayam antaaru chaalaa mandhi. swargamloni samaajaalato manishi kalayika vishayamlo kooda idhe nijam, mariyu narakamlo unna samaajaalato, prapanchamlooni aatmala dwara manishitho kalisina aatmalu. (eee amsampai kooda chudandi krinda suuchimchina bhagalalo arkana colestia.) 602. chivaraku manishi antar drushtini gouravistuu edho okati tappaka cheppali. maranam taruvaata athani jeevitaaniki sambandhinchi, idhi pravaham nundi udbhavinchindi manishiki swargam. kontamandi saadhaarana saamaanyulu unnaaru tirigi oka prapanchamloki teesukuvacchina vishwaasamtho prapanchamlo jeevinchaaru vaaru prapanchamlo unna rashtram, idhi kaavacchu bhagavantudu manjuru chesinappudu evarithonainaa cheyabadutundi; aapai adhi emito choopabadindi maranam taruvaata manishi paristhiti gurinchi vaaru abhiprayanni vyaktam chesaaru. vaaru chepparu kontamandi telivaina vyaktulu prapanchamlo vaarini emi adigaru bhoomipai jeevam taruvaata vaari aatma gurinchi aalochinchaaru; mariyu vaaru samadhanam icchaaru aatma antey emito vaariki teliyadu. appudu vaarini emi adigaru vaaru maranaanantaram tama sthithini vishwasinchaaru, mariyu vaaru chepparu vaaru aatmalugaa jeevistaarani nammadu. mallii vaarini emi adigaru vaaru oka aatmanu gouravistaarani nammutaaru; mariyu athanu oka manishi anie vaaru chepparu. idhi meeku elaa telusu anie vaarini adigaru, mariyu vaaru adhi tamaku telusani chepparu. endukante adhi alaa untundi. aaa telivaina vyaktulu aascharyapoyaaru saadhaarana prajalaku alanti vishwaasam undedi, adhi vaariki undedi kaadu. idhi swargamtho kalisina prati manishilo undani rujuvu maranam taruvaata athani jeevitaanni gowravinche antar drushti. eee antar drushti nundi swargam nundi, antey swargam dwara vachhe pravaham tappa vaerae muulam ledhu. aatmala prapancham nundi aatmala dwara prabhuvu nundi purushuditho kalisi. aariponi vaariki eee antar drushti undhi gatamlo sweekarinchina mariyu dhruveekarinchabadina bhavanala dwara vaari aalochanaa swechcha manishi aatmanu gowravinche vividha vaadanala dwara, idhi swachchamaina aalochana ledhaa konni mukhyamaina suutraalu, veeti peetham sareeramlo vetukkuntuu, inca aatma anedi praanam tappa marokati kaadu. manishi, aatma manavudu ayithe; mariyu bhusambandhamaina sareeram athanu eee prapanchamlo thanatho paatu teesukelledi kevalam oka agent, aatma, antey manavudu, daanilo tagina vidhamgaa vyavaharinchadaaniki veelu kalpistundi. prakruti prapancham. 603. swargam gurinchi eee paniloo emi cheppabadindi, eee prapancham aatmalu, mariyu narakam, aasakti laeni vaariki aspashtamgaa untaayi aadhyaatmika satyaala gurinchi neerchukoevadam, conny vaatini kaligi unnavaariki spashtamgaa untundi atuvanti aasakti, mariyu mukhyamgaa prema unnavaariki satyam kosam, antey, satyaanni preminche vaaru endukante adhi nijam; endukante appudu preminchabadinadi mana manassuloki kaantitoe pravesistundi. aalochana, mukhyamgaa preminchabade satyam, endukante anni satyaalu andulone unnaayi velugu. manishi yokka swechcha, pravaham mariyu communicationlu prabhaavitam ayye aatmalanu gowravinche akana coolestia nundi padaardhaalu. swechcha. anni swechhalu prema ledhaa aapyaayataku sambandhinchinavi, endukante oka vyakti taanu swechchagaa premistunnaanu (n. 2870, 3158, 8987, 8990, 9585, 9591). swechcha anedi premaku sambandhinchinadi kabatti adhi prati okkari jeevitam (enn. 2873). edhi nundi vachindi tappa marokati maanavuni svantamainadigaa kanipinchadu. swechcha (enn. 2880). swargapu swechcha mariyu narakapu swechcha unnaayi (n. 2870, 2873, 2874, 9589, 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the manchi mariyu satyam yokka prema (n. 1947, 2870, 2872). mariyu manchi mariyu satyam yokka prema prabhuvu nundi swechchagaa undhi prabhuvu (enn. 892, 905, 2872, 2886, 2890-2892,9096,9586,9587,9589-9591). bhagavantudu dwara manavudu swargapu swechchaloki nadipinchabadataadu punarutpatti (enn. 2874, 2875, 2882, 2892). punarutpatti pondadaaniki manishiki swechcha undaali (enn. 1937, 1947, 2876, 2881, 3145, 3146, 3158, 4031, 8700). yea itara maargamlo manchi mariyu satyam yokka prema undakudadu manishilo amarchabadi, athaniche tanadigaa kanipinchela ketayinchabadindi sonta (enn. 2877, 2879, 2880, 2888). maanavuditho edhee balavantam sthithilo kalapabadadu (n. 2875, 8700). balavanthamtho manishini samskarinchagaligithe andaruu rakshimpabadataaru. (enn. 2881). samskaranalo balavantam hanikaram (enn. 4031). swechcha nundi vachhe aaradhana anthaa aaradhana, conny swaatantryam nundi vachhe aaradhana balavantam antey aaradhana kaadu (enn. 1947, 2880, 7349, 10097). paschaattaapam svaechchaayutamaina sthithilo amalu cheyali, mariyu balavantam cheyabadina sthithilo chesina paschaattaapam anedi ledhu prayojanam (enn. 8392). nirbandha sthithulu, avi emiti (n. 8392). [3] swechcha nundi panicheyadam manishiki manjuru cheyabadindi kaaranam, chivariki ataniki manchi andinchabadavacchu, mariyu anduke manishiki aalochinche swechcha undhi, alaage aalochinche swechcha kooda undhi. edhi chedu, mariyu chattalu cheyaninta varaku deenni cheyadam nishedhinchandi (enn. 10777). manishini prabhuvu swargam mariyu narakam madhya unchaadu, mariyu eee vidhamgaa samathoulyamlo, athanu swechchagaa undataaniki samskarana (enn. 5982, 6477, 8209, 8987). swechhalo amarchabadinadi nilakadaga untundi, conny edhi kaadu nirbandham kinda amarcharu (enn. 9588). eee kaaranamgaa evaruu thana swechhanu ennadoo kolporu (enn. 2876, 2881). prabhuvu evarinee balavantam cheyadu (enn. 1937, 1947). okari aatmanu balaparachadam swechcha nundi vastundi, conny undatam kaadu balavantamgaa (enn. 1937, 1947). oka vyakti chedunu pratighatinchamani tananu taanu balavantam chesukovali (enn. 1937, 1947, 7914). thana nundi vachinatlugaa manchi cheyadam, inca angeekarinchakapovadam adhi prabhuvu nundi anie (n. 2883, 2891, 2892, 7914). pralobhaala poraataalalo manishiki balamaina swechcha undhi athanu jayistadu, endukante appudu athanu tananu taanu marinta balavantam chesukuntadu antargatamgaa nirodhinchadaaniki, idhi vaerae vidhamgaa kanipinchinappatikii (n. 1937, 1947, 2881). [4] narakapu swechcha anedi vaari premalache nadipinchabadatamlo untundi. sweeya mariyu prapancha mariyu vaari kaamalu (n. 2870, 2873). narakamlo unnavaariki vaerae swechcha teliyadu (enn. 2871). swargapu swechcha anedi narakapu swechcha nundi chaalaa dhooramgaa undhi. swargam narakam nundi vachinatlugaa (n. 2873, 2874). premalache nadipinchabadatamlo unde naraka swechcha sweeya mariyu prapanchaaniki, swechcha kaadu, conny daasyam (n. 2884, 2890). endukante daasyam antey narakam dwara nadipinchabadatam (n. 9586, 9589-9591). pravaham. [5] manishi aalochinche, korukune anni vishayalu athanilo pravahistaayi. anubhavam nundi (enn. 904, 2886-2888,4151,4319,4320, 5846, 5848, 6189, 6191, 6194, 6197-6199,6213,7147, 10219). vishayaalapai drushti pettagala, aalochinchagala manishi saamarthyam, mariyu vislaeshanhaatmakamgaa nirdhaaranalanu teeyadam anedi pravaham nundi (n. 4319, 4320, 5288). nundi pravaham unte manishi okka kshanam kooda jeevinchaledu aadhyaatmika prapancham ayana nundi dhooram cheyabadindi; anubhavam nundi (enn. 2887, 5849, 5854, 6321). prabhuvu nundi pravahinche jeevitam daaniki anugunamgaa maarutuu untundi. manishi yokka sthithitho mariyu sweekaranaku anugunamgaa (n. 2069, 5986, 6472, 7343). cheduvaallatho, manchi nundi pravahinche manchi prabhuvu chedugaa, satyam abaddhamgaa maarchabadataadu; anubhavam nundi (enn. 3642, 4632). prabhuvu nundi nirantaram pravahinche manchi mariyu nijam avi enthavaraku addukokapoyina andukuntaaru chedu mariyu abaddham dwara (n. 2411, 3142, 3147, 5828). [6. prabhuvu nundi anni manchi, mariyu anni chedu pravahistaayi. narakam (enn. 904, 4151). prastuta roeju manishi anni vishayalu lopala unnayani nammutaadu nijaaniki avi pravahistunnappudu, avi thana nundi mariyu thana nundi vachinavi; mariyu eee vishayam ayana charchi siddhaantam nundi telusukovacchu, idhi anni manchi devuni nundi, mariyu anni chedu devuni nundi anie bodhistundi deyyam (enn. 4249, 6193, 6206). conny manishi nammakam eee siddhaantaaniki anugunamgaa unte, athanu tanaku taanugaa chedunu saricheyukodu, cheyadu thana sontamgaa undatam manchidi (enn. 6206, 6324, 6325). andaruu nammithe manishi yokka rashtram entha santoshamgaa untundi prabhuvu nundi manchi pravahistundi mariyu narakam nundi anni chedulu pravahistaayi. (enn. 6325). swargaanni tiraskarinchevaaru ledhaa daani gurinchi aemee teliyani vaaru alaa cheyaru. swargam nundi edainaa pravaham undani telusukondi (n. 4322, 5649, 6193, 6479). pravaham antey emiti, polikala dwara vivarinchabadindi (n. 6128, 6190, 9407). [7] jeevitam yokka pratidee modati founten nundi pravahistundi jeevitam, endukante adhi daaniki muulam; mariyu adhi nirantaram eee vidhamgaa jeevitam yokka pratidee prabhuvu nundi pravahistundi (enn. 3001, 3318, 3337, 3338, 3344, 3484, 3619, 3741-3743, 4318-4320,4417,4524,4882,5847,5986,6325,6468-6470, 6479, 9276, 10196). pravaham aadhyaatmikamainadi, bhouthikamainadi kaadu, antey pravaham aadhyaatmika prapancham nundi sahaja prapanchamloki, mariyu nundi kaadu aadhyaatmikataloki sahajamainadi (enn. 3219, 519, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322, 9110). antargata manishi dwara baahyamloki pravaham vastundi, ledhaa aatma dwara sareeramloki, mariyu vyatiraekam kaadu, endukante manishi aatma aadhyaatmika prapanchamlo undhi, mariyu sahaja sareeramlo athani sareeram (n. 1702, 1707, 1940, 1954, 519, 5259, 5779, 6322, 9380). antargata manishi aadhyaatmika prapanchamlo unnadu mariyu sahaja prapanchamlo bahya (enn. 978, 1015, 3628, 4459, 4523, 4524, 6057, 6309, 9701-9709,10156,10472). nundi pravaham unnatlu kanipistundi antargata loki manishi yokka bahya, conny idhi oka bhranti (n. 3721). manishitho hetubaddhamaina vishayaalaloki pravaham undhi, mariyu daani dwara ivi ghnanaluga marutayi, mariyu vyatiraekam kaadu (n. 1495, 1707, 1940). pravaham yokka kramam emiti (n. 775, 880, 1096, 1495, 7270). prabhuvu nundi pratyaksha pravaham undhi, alaage madhyavartitvam cheyandi aadhyaatmika prapancham ledhaa swargam gundaa pravahistundi (n. 6063, 6307, 6472, 9682, 9683). prabhuvu yokka pravaham manishilooni manchitanamloki untundi, mariyu daani dwara nijam loki manchidi, mariyu vyatiraekam kaadu (n. 5482, 5649, 6027, 8685, 8701, 10153). manchi prabhuvu nundi pravahanni sweekarinche saamarthyaanni istundi, conny manchi lekunda nijam undadu (enn. 8321). aalochanaloki pravahinche edhee hanikaram kaadu, conny kevalam sankalpamloki emi pravahistundi, endukante idhi manishiki ketayinchabadindi (enn. 6308). [8] saadhaarana pravaham undhi (n. 5850). idhi kramam prakaram vyavaharinchadaaniki nirantara prayatnam (enn. 6211). eee pravaham jantuvula jeevitaalloki vastundi (enn. 5850). kuuragaayala rajyam yokka vishayaalalo kooda (n. 3648). eee saadhaarana pravaahaaniki anugunamgaa aalochinchindi manishitho maatallo padipotadu, mariyu charyalalo mariyu sankalpamlo padipotadu kadalikalu (enn. 5862, 5990, 6192, 6211). vishaya aatmalu. [9] aatmala samaajaala nundi itara samaajaalaku pampabadina aatmalu samajalu mariyu itara aatmalanu "subjectlu" (enn. 4403, 5856). itara jeevitaallo communicationlu dheeni dwara prabhaavitamavutaayih atuvanti dhootha aatmalu (enn. 4403, 5856, 5983). oka amsamgaa panicheyadaaniki pampabadina aatma aalochinchadu thana nundi, conny athanu pampabadina vaari nundi aalochistaadu munduku (enn. 5985-5987). atuvanti aatmalaku sambandhinchina aneka vivaralu (enn. 5988, 5989).

jinat aur jehnum/63 <unk> baab lxii 597. jinat aur jehnum kay darmiyan tawazan abb biyaan kiyaa gayaa hay aur yaha dikhaya gayaa hay kahh yaha achhayi kay darmiyan tawazan hay juu aasman say aur jehnum say aaney waali barayee iss tarah kahh yaha eek rohani tawazan juu apnay johar mein aazadi hay. eek rohani tawazan apnay johar mein aazadi hay keunkah yaha eek tawazan hay. achhayi aur barayee kay darmiyan aur sachayi aur jhoot kay darmiyan aur yaha haine rohani. lehza juu achhaa hay yaa juu achhaa hay asay karnay kay qaabil honaa braa hay aur yaha sochna kahh kiyaa sach hay yaa kiyaa ghalat aur eek kuu dosray say tarjih mein muntakhib karein yaha wah aazadi hay juu yahaan hay alaaj kiyaa. yaha aazadi harr ansaan kuu rabb nay dee hay aur kabhi nahein liyaa gayaa vovo darhaqiqat iss kii ibtada kii wajah say yaha ansaan kaa nahein hay leakin rabb kaa keunkah yaha rabb kii taraf say hay. tahim diyaa jaataa hay ansaan kay liye apnee zindagi kay saath jeesay wah iss kii how vovo aur yaha iss liye kiyaa jaataa hay kahh ansaan iss kii jaan lay sakay. aslaah aur bachaye jaanay kii salahiyat rakhtay haine vovo keunkah wahaan aazadi kay baghair koyee aslaah yaa najaat nahein how sakti. kasee bhee aqli wajadaan kay saath koyee bhee deekh saktaa hay kahh soochney kay qaabil honaa ansaan kii aazadi kaa eek hasah hay ghalat yaa saheeh mukhlisana yaa bay dalee say munsifana yaa ghair munsifana toor parr vovo yaha bhee kahh wah saheeh tareeqe say imandari say aur insaaf say baath karnay aur amal karnay kay liye aazaad hay. leakin ghalat bay dalee aur ghair munsifana tareeqe say baath aur amal naha karnaa keunkah ruhani akhlaqi aur shehri qawanin jinn kay tahat iss kaa beruni hasah rakhaa jaataa hay tahmal mein. tuu pahar zahir hay yaha ansaan kii rooh hay juu sochti hay aur marzi juu aazadi mein hay naha kahh iss kaa beruni juu bolta hay aur aamaal sawaye mazkurah baala qawanin kay muahide kay. 598. ansaan kuu tubb takk aslaah nahein kii jaa sakti jabb takk kahh asay aazadi naha how iss wajah say kahh wah harr qasm kii buraiyon mein paida hawaa hay vovo aur inn kuu door kiyaa jaana chahiye taakah wah najaat paaye aur inhein tubb takk nahein hataya jaa saktaa jabb takk kahh wah naha how. inhein apnay andar dekhta hay aur inhein tasleem kartaa hay aur baad mein asay chhod deeta hay kiyaa wah karein gay aur aakhir kaar inhein nafrat mein ddaal dain gay. tubb takk nahein inhon nay hataa diyaa. aur yaha tubb takk nahein kiyaa jaa saktaa jabb takk ansaan bhee theek naha how. jaisa kahh barayee mein keunkah wah achhayi say hyee buraiyon kuu deekh saktaa hay jabkah barayee say wah achhayi nahein deekh saktaa. wah rohani ashya juu ansaan qaabil hay yaha sochna kahh wah bachpan say lafz padh kirr seekhta hay aur tabligh karnaa vovo aur wah apnee zindagi say akhlaqi aur shehri bhalayi seekhta hay duniya. yahee pehli wajah hay kahh ansaan kuu aazadi mein honaa chahiye. [2]] eek aur wajah yaha hay kahh ansaan kay liye kachh bhee mukhtas nahein kiyaa jaataa sawaye iss kay juu kachh hay iss kii mohabat kay pyaar say kiyaa gayaa. dosri cheezein daakhil how sakti haine leakin soch say ziyadah door nahein marzi takk nahein pahunch rehaa vovo aur juu bhee how ansaan kii marzi mein daakhil naha honaa iss kaa nahein bantaa keunkah soch wah cheez haasil karti hay juu iss say mutaliq hay yaad say jabkah marzi juu iss say mutaliq hay wah khood zindagi say haasil hotaa hay. sarf iss say kiyaa hay mohabat kii mohabat say juu marzi yaa wahee hay how saktaa hay aazaad kahaa jaataa hay juu kachh bhee aadmi chahay yaa pyaar karay juu wah aazadana toor parr kartaa hay. natijta ansaan kii aazadi aur iss kii mohabat yaa iss kii mohabat kaa pyaar eek how jaaye gaa. yahee wajah hay kahh ansaan kuu aazadi haasil hay tartib say taakah wah sachayi aur bhalayi say mutasir how yaa inn say mohabat karay aur iss tarah wah eek lafz mein iss kay apnay how saktay haine [3]yee juu bhee how ansaan kii aazadi mein daakhil naha honay kii koyee mustaqil haisiyat nahein hay keunkah yaha iss kii mohabat yaa marzi say taaluq nahein hay aur juu ansaan kii nahein hay mohabat yaa marzi iss kii rooh say taaluq nahein rakhti vovo keunkah wah hyee wajood hay [aisis]] ansaan kii rooh mohabat yaa marzi hay. asay mohabat yaa marzi kahaa jaataa hay keunkah aadmi wahee chahta hay juu asay pasand hay. tuu phir yahee wajah hay kahh ansaan kuu behatar banaya jaa saktaa hay sarf aazadi mein. leakin ansaan kii aazadi kay mozua parr mazeed dekha jaa saktaa hay zeel mein mazkur guzargahon mein arkana colestia mein. 599. taakah ansaan aazadi mein rahay aakhir takk kahh wah how sakay aslaah shadah wah apnee rooh kay hawalay say jinat donon kay saath jadaa hawaa hay aur jehnum kay saath. keunkah harr aadmi kay saath jehnum say rohein haine aur jinat say farishte. yaha jehnum kay zariye hay kahh ansaan apnay aap mein hay barayee jabb kahh aasman say aaney waalay farishton kay zariye hyee ansaan achhayi mein hay rabb kii taraf say vovo iss tarah wah rohani tawazan mein hay yauni mein aazadi. kahh jinat kay farishte aur jehnum kii rohein iss mein shaamil how jayein harr aadmi kuu jinat kay imtazaaj kay baab mein dekha jaa saktaa hay insani nasal kay saath (nee. 291-302). 600. yaha samajhna zaruri hay kahh ansaan kaa jinat kay saath milna aur jehnum kay saath inn kaa braah raast milaap nahein hay balkah eek saalis hay rohon kay zariye juu rohon kii duniya mein haine inn kaa imtazaaj. yaha rohein aur naha tuu khood jehnum say aur naha hyee jinat say haine aadmi kay saath. rohon kii duniya mein badd rohon kay zariye ansaan hay jehnum kay saath jadaa hawaa aur achhi rohon kay zariye wah wahaan hay jinat kay saath jadaa hawaa. iss wajah say rohon kii duniya hay jinat aur jehnum kay darmiyan aur iss duniya mein khood tawazan. (kahh rohon kii duniya darmiyani hay jinat aur jehnum kay darmiyan duniya kay baab mein dekha jaa saktaa hay spirts aine. 421-431 vovo aur yaha kahh inn kay darmiyan zaruri tawazan jinat aur jehnum mojud hay pachlay baab mein dekha jaa saktaa hay aine. 589-596.) iss sabb say ansaan kii aazadi kaa manbaa waazah hay. 601. inn rohon kay baaray mein kachh aur kehna zaruri hay juu shaamil haine aadmi kay saath. eek poraa muashirah dosray kay saath baath cheet kirr saktaa hay samaj yaa kasee fard kay saath jehaan bhee wah how vovo eek rooh kay zariye muashiray say bheja gayaa vovo iss rooh kuu mozua kahaa jaataa hay behat say. aasman kay muashiron kay saath ansaan kay imtazaaj kay baaray mein bhee yahee sach hay aur jehnum mein muashiron kay saath duniya kii rohon kay zariye rohein juu ansaan kay saath jadee hoyee haine. (iss mozua parr bhee dekhein zeel mein mazkur hasoon mein arkana colestia.) 602. aakhir kaar ansaan kay wajadaan kay ehteram mein kachh kehna zaruri hay moth kay baad iss kii zindagi kay hawalay say juu iss kii aamad say akhz kii gayee hay ansaan mein jinat. kachh saadah aam loag thay jinn kay paas aimaan kii bhalayi mein duniya mein rehtay thay jinhein eek mein waps laaya gayaa thaa aisi haalat jiss mein wah duniya mein thay juu how sakti hay jabb rabb ataa karay tuu kasee kay saath kiyaa jaaye vovo aur phir asay dikhaya gayaa kahh kiyaa moth kay baad ansaan kii haalat kay baaray mein inn kii raaye thee. inhon nay kahaa kahh duniya mein kachh zaheen afraad nay inn say poocha thaa kahh wah kiyaa kartay haine zameen parr zindagi kay baad apnee rooh kay baaray mein socha aur inhon nay jawaab diyaa kahh wah nahein jaantay thay kahh rooh kiyaa hay. phir inn say poocha gayaa kahh kiyaa wah moth kay baad apnee haalat parr aimaan laaye aur kahaa kahh yaqeen thaa kahh wah rohon kii tarah zindah rahein gay. eek baar phir inn say poocha gayaa kahh kiyaa yaqeen thaa kahh wah eek rooh kaa ehteram kartay haine vovo aur inhon nay kahaa kahh wah eek aadmi hay. inn say poocha gayaa kahh inhein yaha kisay malum hawaa aur inhon nay kahaa kahh wah jaantay haine keunkah aisa hay. inn zaheen aadmiyon kuu hairat hoyee kahh saadah logon kaa aisa aqeedah thaa juu khood inn kay paas nahein thaa. yaha hay iss baath kaa sabut hay kahh harr aadmi mein juu jinat kay saath mill kirr hay moth kay baad iss kii zindagi kaa ehteram karnay waala eek wajadaan. yaha wajadaan say hay jinat say yauni jinat kay zariye aaney kay elawah koyee aur zariah nahein hay. rohon kii duniya say rohon kay zariye rabb kii taraf say juu haine aadmi kay saath shaamil how gayaa. yaha wajadaan inn logon kay paas hay jinhon nay bajhaya nahein hay inn kii soch kii aazadi pehley say apnaye gayey aur tasdiq shadah tasvaraat kay zariye ansaan kii rooh kay ehteram mein mukhtalif dilayal kay zariye juu kahh maanaa jaataa hay yaa tuu khaalis khayal yaa koyee aham asul jiss kii bunyaad hay jasm mein talaash kiyaa jaataa hay vovo aur phir bhee rooh kachh aur nahein balkah zindagi hay insaan jabkah rooh khood ansaan hay vovo aur zamini jasm juu wah duniya mein apnay saath lay jaataa hay mahaz eek agent hay jiss kay zariye rooh juu khood ansaan hay iss mein munasib tareeqe say kaam karnay kay qaabil hay qadarti duniya. 603. jinat kay baaray mein iss kaam mein kiyaa kahaa gayaa hay duniya rohein aur jehnum inn logon kay liye ghair waazah hoan gay jinhein iss mein koyee dilchaspi nahein hay. rohani sachayiyon kay baaray mein seekhna leakin inn logon kay liye waazah hoga jinn kay paas hay iss tarah kii dilchaspi aur khaas toor parr inn logon kay liye juu iss say pyaar kartay haine sachayi kii khaatir sachayi yauni juu sachayi say mohabat kartay haine keunkah wah hay sachayi vovo keunkah phir juu kachh pyaar kiyaa jaataa hay wah roshni kay saath dimagh mein daakhil hotaa hay. khayal khaas toor parr wah sachayi jiss say pyaar kiyaa jaataa hay keunkah tamaam sachayi iss mein hay roshni. akana colestia say nikaat juu ansaan kii aazadi aamad aur inn rohon kaa ehteram kartay haine jinn kay zariye mawasilat mutasir hotay haine. aazadi. tamaam aazadi kaa taaluq mohabat yaa pyaar say hay keunkah juu bhee how eek aadmi mohabat kartaa hay wah aazadana toor parr kartaa hay (nee. 2870yee 3158yee 8987yee 8990yee 9585yee 9591). chonkah aazadi kaa taaluq mohabat say hay yaha sabb kii zindagi hay. (nee. 2873). kachh bhee ansaan kaa apnaa nahein lagtaa sawaye iss kay juu iss say hay aazadi (nee. 2880). aasmani aazadi aur jehnum kii aazadi hay (nee. 2870yee 2873yee 2874yee 9589yee 9590). [2]] heavenly freedom pertains to heavenly love, or the achhayi aur sachayi say mohabat (nee. 1947yee 2870yee 2872). aur bhalayi aur sachayi kii mohabat rabb kii taraf say hay aazadi khood rabb kii qayadat mein hotaa hay (nee. 892yee 905yee 2872yee 2886yee 2890-2892yee 9096yee 9586yee 9587yee 9589-9591). ansaan kuu rabb kay zariye aasmani aazadi kii taraf lay jaataa hay takhliq noow (nee. 2874yee 2875yee 2882yee 2892). ansaan kuu dobarah paida honay kay liye aazadi haasil hony chahiye (nee. 1937yee 1947yee 2876yee 2881yee 3145yee 3146yee 3158yee 4031yee 8700). achhayi aur sachayi kii mohabat kasee aur tareeqe say nahein how sakti ansaan mein nasb kiyaa gayaa aur bazahir iss kay zariah iss kay toor parr mukhtas kiyaa gayaa khood (nee. 2877yee 2879yee 2880yee 2888). kachh bhee ansaan kay saath zabardasti kii haalat mein jadaa hawaa nahein hay (nee. 2875yee 8700). agar ansaan kuu zabardasti behatar banaya jaa saktaa tuu sabb bach jayein gay. (nee. 2881). aslaah mein zabardasti nqsan dhah hay (nee. 4031). aazadi say tamaam ibadat ibadat hay leakin aazadi say ibadat zabardasti ibadat nahein hay (nee. 1947yee 2880yee 7349yee 10097). pachtawa aazaad haalat mein honaa chahiye aur majbur honay kii haalat mein honay waali pachtawa kaa koyee matlab nahein hay fayedah uthayein (nee. 8392). majbur honay kii haalatein wah kiyaa haine (nee. 8392). [3] ansaan kuu aazadi say kaam karnay kii ajazat dee gayee hay wajah aakhir takk kahh iss kay liye bhalayi farahim kii jaaye aur yahee wajah hay kahh ansaan kuu soochney aur soochney kii aazadi hay barayee kiyaa hay aur asay karnaa jehaan takk qawanin nahein kartay manaa karein (nee. 10777). ansaan kuu rabb jinat aur jehnum kay darmiyan rakhta hay aur iss tarah tawazan mein taakah wah aazadi mein how sakay aslaah (nee. 5982yee 6477yee 8209yee 8987). aazadi mein juu lagaya jaataa hay wah barqarar rehta hay leakin wah nahein juu hay zabardasti kay tahat nasb kiyaa gayaa (nee. 9588). iss wajah say koyee bhee kabhi bhee iss kii aazadi say mahroom nahein rehta (nee. 2876yee 2881). rabb kasee kuu majbur nahein kartaa (nee. 1937yee 1947). khood kuu majbur karnaa aazadi say hay leakin honaa nahein majbur (nee. 1937yee 1947). eek aadmi kuu barayee kay khalaaf mazahimat karnay parr majbur honaa chahiye (nee. 1937yee 1947yee 7914). bhalayi karnaa bhee jeesay khood say aur ubhee takk tasleem karnaa kahh yaha rabb kii taraf say hay (nee. 2883yee 2891yee 2892yee 7914). ansaan kuu aazmaish kii ladayi mein mazboot aazadi haasil hay jasay wah fatah kartaa hay keunkah tubb wah khood kuu ziyadah majbur kartaa hay androni toor parr mazahimat karnay kay liyay halankah yaha dosri soorat mein zahir hotaa hay (nee. 1937yee 1947yee 2881). [4] jehnum kii aazadi inn kii mohabaton kii qayadat mein hoti hay khood aur duniya aur inn kii khwahishaat (nee. 2870yee 2873). juu loag jehnum mein haine wah koyee dosri aazadi nahein jaantay (nee. 2871). aasmani aazadi jehnum kii aazadi say atnee hyee door hay jaisa kahh jinat jehnum say hay (nee. 2873yee 2874). jehnum kii aazadi juu mohabaton kii qayadat mein hoti hay khood aur duniya kii aazadi nahein balkah ghalami hay (nee. 2884yee 2890). keunkah ghalami jehnum kii qayadat mein hay (nee. 9586yee 9589-9591). aamad. [5] wah tamaam cheezein juu ansaan sochta aur chahta hay iss mein behti haine tajarbay say (nee. 904yee 2886-2888yee 4151yee 4319yee 4320yee 5846yee 5848yee 6189yee 6191yee 6194yee 6197-6199yee 6213yee 7147yee 10219). mazamin parr taujah deenay soochney kii ansaan kii salahiyat aur tajziyati toor parr nataij akhz karnaa aamad say hay (n. 4319yee 4320yee 5288). aadmi eek lamhah bhee zindah nahein rahh saktaa agar iss say aaney waali rohani duniya iss say chheen lee gayee vovo tajarbay say (nee. 2887yee 5849yee 5854yee 6321). rabb kii taraf say aaney waali zindagi iss kay mutabiq mukhtalif hoti hay ansaan kii haalat kay saath aur isteqbaliya kay mutabiq (nee. 2069yee 5986yee 6472yee 7343). bray logon kay saath wah bhalayi juu iss say behti hay rabb barayee mein badal jaataa hay aur sachayi jhoot mein badal jaati hay. tajarbay say (nee. 3642yee 4632). bhalayi aur sachayi juu rabb kii taraf say muslisil behti rehti hay sarf iss hadd takk mosul hotay haine kahh wah rukawat naha hoan barayee aur jhoot say (nee. 2411yee 3142yee 3147yee 5828). [6 tamaam bhalayi rabb kii taraf say aatee hay aur tamaam barayee rabb kii taraf say aatee hay. jehnum (nee. 904yee 4151). aaj kill ansaan kaa maanna hay kahh sabb cheezein iss mein haine khood aur khood say haine jabb haqeeqat mein wah andar aatay haine vovo aur yaha wah charch kay nazariye say jaan saktaa hay juu sikhata hay kahh tamaam bhalayi khadaa kii taraf say hay aur tamaam barayee khadaa kii taraf say hay. shaitan (nee. 4249yee 6193yee 6206). leakin agar ansaan kaa aqeedah iss nazariye kay mutabiq hotaa tuu wah naha wah apnay liye barayee kaa sabab banay gaa aur naha hyee wah karay gaa iss kaa apnaa honaa achhaa hay (nee. 6206yee 6324yee 6325). aadmi kii haalat katni khush hoti agar wah maanta kahh sabb bhalayi rabb kii taraf say aur tamaam buraiyan jehnum say aatee haine. (nee. 6325). juu jinat say ankaar kartay haine yaa juu iss kay baaray mein kachh nahein jaantay wah nahein jaantay jaan lain kahh jinat say koyee bahao hay (nee. 4322yee 5649yee 6193yee 6479). aamad kiyaa hay mawaznah say waazah hay (n. 6128yee 6190yee 9407). [7] zindagi kii harr cheez iss kay pehley chashme say behti hay zindagi keunkah yahee iss kaa manbaa hay vovo aur yaha muslisil iss tarah zindagi kaa harr hasah rabb kii taraf say hay (nee. 3001yee 3318yee 3337yee 3338yee 3344yee 3484yee 3619yee 3741-3743yee 4318-4320yee 4417yee 4524yee 4882yee 5847yee 5986yee 6325yee 6468-6470yee 6479yee 9276yee 10196). aamad rohani hay naha kahh jismani yauni aamad hay rohani duniya say qadarti mein aur say nahein fitri mein rohani (nee. 3219yee 519yee 5259yee 5427yee 5428yee 5477yee 6322yee 9110). androni aadmi kay zariye beruni mein aamad hoti hay yaa rooh kay zariye jasm mein daakhil hotaa hay aur iss kay barakas nahein keunkah ansaan kii rooh rohani duniya mein hay aur iss kaa jasm qadarti (nee. 1702yee 1707yee 1940yee 1954yee 519yee 5259yee 5779yee 6322yee 9380). androni aadmi rohani duniya mein hay aur qadarti duniya mein beruni (nee. 978yee 1015yee 3628yee 4459yee 4523yee 4524yee 6057yee 6309yee 9701-9709yee 10156yee 10472). aisa lagtaa hay kahh wahaan say eek aamad hay ansaan kay beruni androni mein leakin yaha eek ghalat fehmi hay (nee. 3721). ansaan kay saath cheezon mein aqli aamad hoti hay aur iss kay zariye yaha alam mein aur iss kay barakas nahein (n. 1495yee 1707yee 1940). aamad kii tartib kiyaa hay (n. 775yee 880yee 1096yee 1495yee 7270). rabb kii taraf say braah raast aamad hoti hay aur asee tarah saalisi kartay haine rohani duniya yaa jinat say guzartay hoay (nee. 6063yee 6307yee 6472yee 9682yee 9683). rabb kii aamad ansaan mein achhayi mein hay aur iss kay zariye sachayi mein achhaa aur iss kay barakas nahein (nee. 5482yee 5649yee 6027yee 8685yee 8701yee 10153). bhalayi rabb say aamad haasil karnay kii salahiyat deeti hay leakin achhayi kay baghair sachayi nahein hoti (nee. 8321). koyee bhee cheez juu soch mein behti hay nqsan dhah nahein hay leakin sarf marzi mein kiyaa behta hay keunkah yaha wahee hay ansaan kay liye mukhtas (nee. 6308). [8] eek amumi aamad hay (n. 5850). yaha hakam kay mutabiq kaam karnay kii muslisil koshish hay (nee. 6211). yaha aamad janwaron kii zindagiyon mein hay (nee. 5850). sabziyon kii baadshahi kay mazamin mein bhee (nee. 3648). yaha iss aam aamad kay mutabiq hay jiss nay socha aadmi kay saath baath cheet mein girr jaataa hay aur aamaal mein aur harkaat (nee. 5862yee 5990yee 6192yee 6211). mozua kii rohein. [9] rohon kay muashiron say dosray muashiron mein bheji gayee rohein muashiron aur deegar rohon kuu "mazamin" kahaa jaataa hay (nee. 4403yee 5856). dosri zindagi mein mawasilat kay zariye mutasir hotay haine iss tarah kii safeer rohein (nee. 4403yee 5856yee 5983). eek rooh juu batoor mozua khadmat karnay kay liye bheji gayee hay wah nahein sochti khood say leakin inn logon say sochta hay jinn kay zariye asay bheja gayaa hay aagay (nee. 5985-5987). aisi rohon say mutaliq behat see tafsilaat (nee. 5988yee 5989).

fffc58161c155c6299a74dc4d4b4f0a2f4ae66c564a00ce31118a34bac91a13d

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44231830

IBM 3370

IBM 3370

aaee. bee. aim. 3370

aay. bii. emm. 3370

aaee. bee. aimm. 3370

aii. bii. emm. 3370

fffc588443952479b109d9357548ac2b90b2ccbb52d183742a3fc94892e9fb4d

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=577176

Piapot

Piapot Piapot, Payipwât, or Payipwat (Hole in the Sioux or One Who Knows the Secrets of the Sioux), born as Kisikawasan (Flash in the Sky), known by his Assiniboine allies as Maȟpíya owáde hókši (Lightning In The Sky Boy) (c. 1816–April 1908) was a Native Canadian chief of the Cree-Assiniboine / Young Dogs Band, a mighty band and division of the "Downstream People (Māmihkiyiniwak)" of the Plains Cree. He was one of the five major leaders of the Plains Cree after 1860. Early life. Most likely born near what is now the border of Manitoba and Saskatchewan, Payipwat was originally named Kisikawasan, or Flash in the Sky. Along with his grandmother, Payipwat was kidnapped by the Sioux as a child. He grew up among his captors, learning their medicine. At fourteen, Payipwat was captured during a Cree raid and returned to his own people. He was given the name Payipwat, literally Hole in the Sioux, in recognition of the knowledge he had gained while living among the Sioux. His name is often translated as "One Who Knows the Secrets of the Sioux". Invasion of Cypress Hills. By 1860 Payipwat had become a spiritual leader among the Cree. At the same time, he had become chief of the Cree-Assiniboine or Young Dogs, a particularly powerful mixed band of Cree and Cree-speaking Assiniboine as well as some Plains Ojibwe. This band was known by the Cree as "Nēhiyawi-pwātak" (Cree-Assiniboine) and by the Assiniboine as "Sahiyaiyeskabi" or "šahíya iyéskabina" ("Cree-Speakers", because they had switched to speaking Cree). Members of the band were renowned as great buffalo hunters and warriors, as well as horse-thieves and troublemakers. As his band depended on the declining buffalo herds, Payipwat advocated for the Cree to expand their territory into the Cypress Hills. Payipwat was an important leader of the ensuing invasion; however, in a dream, he had a vision of Cree defeat. He was unable to persuade the other leaders of his vision, but he refused to participate in the battle the next day in which the Cree attacked a Kainai village. The "Battle of the Belly River" was disastrous for the Cree, who lost a third of their warriors, and essentially marked the end of the invasion. Treaty 4. In 1875 Payipwat met with William J. Christie, Canadian treaty commissioner. Christie wanted Payipwat to sign Treaty 4, which had been negotiated a year earlier. Payipwat demanded several changes to the treaty and, incorrectly believing that they had been made, signed it on September 9, 1875. Although many of his requests were provided by the government as part of future treaties (particularly Treaty 6), several were not. Until his death, Payipwat felt betrayed by Ottawa. Over the next decade Payipwat continued to negotiate with the Canadian government. He and other Cree leaders refused to sign any additional treaties unless the Crown guaranteed the autonomy of the Cree people and grant them a united territory. When it became clear that this would not happen, Payipwat, Cree leaders Cowessess and Foremost Man, and the Assiniboine First Nations all requested reserves in the Cypress Hills. The requested territories were all adjacent, and Ottawa agreed to the request, effectively granting the tribe the united territory it sought. Rebellion. In 1882, facing starvation due to the declining buffalo herds, Payipwat and the Young Dogs agreed to leave the Cypress Hills in exchange for food, horses and supplies. However they returned in short order. The next year he again agreed to leave, this time to Indian Head, Assiniboia, and was escorted there by the North-West Mounted Police. Once he arrived in Indian Head, Payipwat immediately set about organizing his people again with the goal of establishing their own territory. Payipwat again achieved some success. He gained permission to establish a new reserve immediately adjacent to another existing Cree reserve. He joined with other leaders of tribes subject to Treaties 4 and 6 to pressure Ottawa for treaty revisions. However, in 1885 the government exploited the Métis North-West Rebellion to crack down on the Cree. A military fort was established next to Payipwat's reserve. Several other leaders were arrested as rebels. Payipwat was the only leader to survive, and he was closely monitored by the police and military. Later years. Payipwat continued to be a respected spiritual leader among the Cree and continued to advocate for greater autonomy and promote the preservation of Cree culture. He was distrusted by the government. In 1902 Indian Agent William Morris Graham attempted to have Payipwat deposed as chief for incompetence. He eventually succeeded when he had the chief arrested for holding a Thirst Dance, a ceremony which had been banned in 1892. On April 15, 1902, the federal government removed Payipwat as chief. Payipwat met with Governor General Lord Minto in September of that year. The Governor General was persuaded to advocate for the lifting of the ban on the dances, but was unsuccessful. In April 1908, Payipwat died on his reserve. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

piyapot piyapot, paipwat, baa paipwat (siyokxor chidro baa siyokxor rohosyo jonaa ejon), kixikawasan (aakaxot flas) hisape jonmogrohon korisil, jaak teur exinibo "inn mitroxokole maa" paiya uwade husi (aakaxor balokor bidyut) (-april 1908) naamere porisito korisil, teu aasil kree-exinibo "inn/iyong dogs bendor ejon sthaniyo kanadian murobbi, ek xoktixali bendo aaru xomobhumir" downstream pipol (mamihkiniwak) "ror bibhajon. 1860 sonor pisot teu xomobhumi krir pasjon prodhan netar bhitorot ejon aasil. prarombhik jiwan. xombhobotoh bortoman manituba aaru xaxkatsewanor ximantor usorot jonmogrohon koraa paipwator naam mulotoh kixikawason baa aakaxot prokax buli rokha hoisil. teur aaitak loi paipwatok xoixowot siyoxoxokole opohoron korisil. teu nijor bondixokolor maajot dangor hoisil, teulukor ouxodh xikichil. souddo bosor boyoxot, paipwatok ek kree raidor xomoyot bondi koraa hoisil aaru nijor lukoxokolor usoroloi ghurai onaa hoisil. siyokxor maajot baax kori teu laabh koraa gyanor swikriti sworupe teuk paipwat naam diya hoisil, akhyorikbhabe siyokhyot thoka chidro. teur naamtu praye "siukxor rohosyo jonaa ejon" buli onubad koraa hoy. cypress paharot aakromon. 1860 sonor bhitorot paipwat ei pranir maajot ejon adhyatmik netaa hoi porisil. eke xomoyote, teu kree-asinibine baa juwo kukuror murobbi hoi porisil, bixexkoi kree aaru kree-bhaxi asinibinor ek xoktixali misrito bendor logote kisuman xomobhumi ujibowe. ei bendtuk kriye "nehiyawi-puwatok" (kree-exinibain) aaru exinibo "ee" sahiyaweskabi "baa" sahiya aiskabina "(" kree-speakers ", kiyonu teuluke speaking kriloi xoloni hoisil) buli jonaa goisil. bendor xodosyoxokol mohan moo 'hoh sikari aaru juddha, logote ghura-sura aaru xomosya sristikari hisape bikhyat aasil. jihetu teur doll hraax puwa moo 'horr jaakor uporot nirbhorxil aasil, taai peipwate krituk teulukor bhukhondo cypress paharoloi xomproxaron korar baabe xomorthon korisil. poroborti aakromonor ejon guruttopurno netaa aasil paipwat; obosye, etaa xopunot teur kree porajoyor ek dristibhongi aasil. teu nijor dristibhongir aan netaxkolok preron koriboloi okhyom hoisil, kintu pisdina teu juddhot ongxogrohon koriboloi oswikar korisil zo 'too kriye etaa kainai gaont aakromon korisil. petor nodir juddho" krir baabe dhongxatmok aasil, jiye teulukor ek tritiyangxo juddhak heruwaisil, aaru mulotoh aakromonor xomapti sinhito korisil. 4 nong sukti. 1875 sonot peipwate uilium je-koo log paisil. christi, kanadian sukti ayukto. christiye paipwatok sukti 4too swakhyor koriboloi bisarisil, jitu ebosor purbe alusona koraa hoisil. peipwate suktit keibatau poribortonor daabi jonaisil aaru xeibur koraa hoise buli bhulbhabe biswax kori 1875 sonor 9 septemborot iyat swakhyor korisil. jodiu teur bohutu onurudh bhobisyotor suktir ongxo hisape sorkare prodan korisil (bixexkoi sukti 6), kintu keibatau nasil. mrityur aagoloike paipwate ottawai biswaxghatokota koraa onubhob korisil. poroborti doxokot peipwate kanada sorkaror xoite alusona obyahot rakhisil. teu aaru onyanyo kree netaxokole jikunu otirikto suktit swakhyor koriboloi oswikar korisil jodihe rajmorajoi kree lukoxokolor swayotoxaxonor nischoyota nidiye aaru teulukok ek oikyobodho onchol prodan nokore. jetiya eitu sposto hoi porisil je eitu noho "bob, tetiya paipwat, krir netaa, koo" veses aaru xorbosrestho manuh, aaru asinibo "inn prothom rastrobur xokoluwe cypress paharot xongrokhyonor baabe onurudh jonaisil. onurudh koraa oncholxomuh xokolu xonglogno aasil, aaru ottawai onurudhtut xonmot hoisil, pholoproxubhabe jonojatik teuluke bisora xongzukto bhukhondotu prodan korisil. bidruh. 1882 sonot moo 'horr jaakor hraax puwar baabe onahari owosthar xonmukhin hoi paipwat aaru xoru kukurbure khadyo, ghura aaru juganor binimoyot cypress paahar eri jaboloi xonmot hoisil. obosye teuluke komm xomoyor baabe ubhoti aahisil. poroborti bosorot teu punor jaboloi xonmot hoisil, eibar bharotiyo murobbi, exinibo "yaloi, aaru uttor-poschimor arokhyiye teuk taat xongo disil. bharotiyo projatontrot uposthito huwar loge loge paipwate nijor bhukhondo protisthar lokhyore nijor lukoxokolok punor xongothito koriboloi aarombho kore. peipwate punor kichu xofolota laabh korisil. teu aan etaa bidyoman kree xongrokhito bonancholor kaxot totkhyonat etaa notun xongrokhito bonanchol sthaponor onumoti laabh korisil. teu 4 aaru 6 nong suktir odhinot thoka jonojatir onyanyo netaxokolor xoite milito hoisil jaate sukti xongxudhonor baabe oh 'tawar uporot saap diya hoy. obosye, 1885 sonot sorkare metis uttor-poschim bidruhor xubidha loi ei nodikhonor uporot kothur poriborton solaisil. paipwator xongrokhito sthanor kaxot etaa xamorik durgo sthapon koraa hoisil. aan keibajonu netak bidruhi hisape greptar koraa hoisil. paipwat aasil jiyai thoka ekmatro netaa, aaru teuk aarokhyi aaru xamorik bahiniye nibirbhabe nirikhyon korisil. pisor bosorburot. paipwat krir maajot ejon xonmaniyo adhyatmik netaa hoi thakil aaru odhik swayotoxaxonor baabe aaru kree xongoskritir xongrokhyonor prosar obyahot rakhisil. sorkaror dwara teu obiswaxi aasil. 1902 sonot bharotiyo agent uilium moris grohame ojugyotar baabe paipwatok mukhyo podor poraa utkhat koriboloi chesta korisil. owoxexot teu xofol hoisil jetiya teu prodhanjonok piyah nrityo onusthito korar baabe greptar korisil, jitu onusthan 1892 sonot nixidho koraa hoisil. 1902 sonor 15 aprilot federal sorkare paipwatok prodhan hisape aatorai disil. xei bosoror septembor maahot peipwate gowornor general lord mintuk xakhyat korisil. gobhornor generalok nrityor uporot thoka nixedhagya uthai luwar baabe xomorthon koriboloi prerona diya hoisil, kintu bifol hoisil. 1908 sonor aprilot paipwator teur rijarbhot mrityu hoisil.

piapot piapot, pipewatt baa pipewatt (seuxer gorto baa jey seuxer rahasya jaane), kisikaoason (akashe flash) hisabe jonmogrohon korechilen, taanr asyniboin mitroder dwara maopia owade hokki (skye boy-ayee bajrapat) (-april 1908) naame porichito chhilen cree-asyniboin/eong dogs bander ekjon sthaniya kanadian prodhan, ekti shaktishali banned ebong samabhumir cree-rawr "downstream manush (mamihkinioak)"-err bibhag. 1860 saaler porr tini samabhumir panch prodhan netar modhye ekjon chhilen. prathomik jeebon. sombhoboto ekhon jaa manitoba ebong saskatcheoaner seemanter kachhe jonmogrohon korechen, pipewatke mulat kisikaoason baa akashe flash naam deoa hoyechilo. taar nanir saathe, pipewatke shishu abosthai seux opohoron korechilo. tini taanr bondider modhye borh hoyechilen, taader oshudh shikhechilen. chaudda bochor boyse, pipewatt ekti cree abhijaner somoy bondee hohn ebong taanr nijer lokder kachhe firey zaan. seuxder modhye bosobaser somoy tini jey gyan orjon korechilen taar sikritiswarup taanke pipewatt naam deoa hoyechilo, akkhorik orthe seuxer modhye gorto. taanr namti prayashai "jini seuxer rahasya jaanen" hisabe anubad koraa hoy. cyprus pahader akraman. 1860 saaler modhye pipewatt khanchar modhye ekjon adhyattik neta hoye othen. ekoi somoye, tini cree-asyniboin baa alpavayasi kukurer prodhan hoye othen, jaa cree ebong cree-bhashi asyniboiner ekti biseshbhabe shaktishali mishra banned ebong seisathe kichhu samabhumi ojibwe. eyi bandti cree dwara "nehiau-pawak" (cree-asyniboin) ebong asyniboin dwara "sahiyaeskabi" baa "sahiya ayeskabina" ("cree-speaker", kaaron taaraa speaking cree-teey choley giechilo) hisabe porichito chhilo. bander sadasyara mohan mohish shikari ebong joddhader pashapashi ghoda-chore ebong jhamela srishtikari hisabe bikhyato chhilen. jehetu taanr doll hrassmann mohisher paaler upor nirbharshil chhilo, taai pipewatt eyi khanditike cyprus pahade taader anchal prosarito korar pokkhe sawal korechilen. poroborti akromoner ekjon guruttopurno neta chhilen pipewatt; tobey, ekti swapne, taanr cree porajoyer ekti drishtibhongi chhilo. tini taanr drishtibhongir anyanno netader prorochito korte parenni, kintu porer deane tini juddhe ongsho nitey aswikar korechilen jekhane ekti kainai grame cree akraman korechilo. bellie river juddho" kriyer jonno viparyakar chhilo, jaaraa taader eka tritiyangsho joddhake hariechilo ebong mulat akromoner samapti chinnito korechilo. chukti 4. 1875 saale paypwatt uilium jeey-err sange dekha corren. christy, kanadian chukti commissioner. christy cheyechilen jey pipewatt chukti 4-ayee swakkhar korun, jaa eka bochor agey alochona koraa hoyechilo. pipewatt chuktite besh koyekti poribortoner daabi zanan ebong bhulbhabe biswas corren jey seguli koraa hoyeche, 1875 saaler 9ee septembara etty swakkhar corren. jodio taanr onek anurodh bhabishyater chuktir (bishesh korey chukti 6) ongsho hisabe sarkar dwara sarbaraha koraa hoyechilo, tobey besh koyekti hoyney. taar mrityur agey porjonto, pipewatt otoire dwara biswasghatokota onubhob korechilen. poroborti doshke pipewatt kanadian sarkarer saathe alochona chaliye zaan. tini ebong anyanno cree netara konao atirikto chuktite swakkhar korte aswikar korechilen jodi naa mukut cree jonogoner swayattashasaner nischayata deyo ebong taader ekti oikyoboddho anchal pradan korey. jokhon etaa sposhto hoye yaay jey etaa ghotobe naa, tokhon pipewatt, cree leader couses ebong sorboshrestho manush ebong asyniboin first nations sokolei cyprus pahade sanrakkhaner anurodh korey. anurodh koraa anchalguli samasta sanglagna chhilo ebong otawa anurodhe sommoto hoyechilo, karjokorbhabe upojatike taaraa jey sangjukto anchalti cheyechilo taa pradan korechilo. bidroh. 1882 saale mohisher paaler potoner karone anaharer sammukhin hoye, pipewatt ebong chhoto kukurguli khaddo, ghoda ebong sorboraher binimoye cyprus pahad chhede jete raji hoy. tobey taaraa swalpo somoyer modhye firey aase. porer bochor tini abar choley jete raji hohn, ebar bharatiya prodhan, asynabia ebong uttor-poschimer ashwarohi pulish taanke sekhane niye yaay. ekbar tini bharatiya mathay pouchanor porey, pipewatt abilambe taader nijaswa anchal protisthar lakkhya niye taar jonogonke abar sangathito korar kotha shuru corren. pipewatt abar kichhu safalya orjon koreche. tini onno ekti vidyaman cree reserve sanglagna ekti notun reserve protisthar anumati peyechilen. tini 4 oo 6 nong chukti sapekkhe anyanno upojatir netader saathe jog deena jaate chukti sangshodhaner jonno autoake chup deoa hoy. tobey, 1885 saale sarkar metiser uttor-poschim bidrohoke kaaje lagiye khanditir upor domon-peedan korey. pipewater sanrakkhito elakar paashe ekti samrik durgo sthapon koraa hoyechilo. bidrohi hisebe arow koyekjon netake greptar koraa hoy. pipewatt ekmatro neta jini benche giechilen ebong pulish oo samrik bahini taanke nibidbhabe porjobekkhon korechilo. porer bochorgulo. pipewatt cree-rawr modhye ekjon sommanito adhyattik neta hisabe abyahoto chhilen ebong brihottor swayattashasaner pokkhe ebong cree sangaskriti sanrakkhaner prochar abyahoto rekhechilen. sarkarer proti taanr abiswas chhilo. 1902 saale bharatiya protinidhi uilium morris graham ajogyatar jonno pipewatke prodhan podo theke aposaron korar chesta corren. abosheshe tini sofol hohn jokhon tini prodhanke ekti trishnarto nrityer jonno greptar corren, ekti anusthan jaa 1892 saale nishiddho koraa hoyechilo. 1902 saaler 15ee april federal sarkar pipewatke prodhaner podo theke sariye deyo. seii bochorer septembore governor general lord mintor sange sakkhat corren pipewatt. governor generalke nacher upor theke nishedhagga tuley neoar pokkhe kotha bolte raji corano hoyechilo, kintu byartho hohn. 1908 saaler april maase pipewatt taanr sanrakkhito sthane maaraa zaan.

piyapot piyapot, peipat athavaa peipat (seoxma chhidra athavaa jeey seoxna rahasyo jaane chhe), jeey kisikawasana (aakashma flash) tareeke janme chhe, jeey tenaa asiniboin saatheeo dwara mappiya ovede hockey (skye boymaan vijadee) (-april 1908) tareeke odakhaay chhe, teey cree-asiniboin/young dogs bendnaa mool kenediyan vadaa hataa, jeey aek shaktishaali benned aneey medaanoni kreena "downstream loko (mamihkinivak)" noon vibhajan hatoo. teo 1860 pachhi medaanoni khaadinaa paanch mukhya netaomana aek hataa. praarambhik jeevan. sambhavatah jeey havey manitoba aneey saskatchevanni sarhadni najik janme chhe, peipavaatne mulroope kisikawasana athavaa aakashma flash naam aapvama aavyu hatoo. tenee daadi saathe, seox dwara baadpanma peipavatnu apaharan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. teo temnaa apaharankaaroni vachche uchharya hataa, temnee davaa sheekhya hataa. chaud varshnee ummare, paipavatne cree reeda darmiyan pakadvama aavyo hato aneey teey potaana loko paase paachho faryo hato. seox vachche raheta temane melvelaa gnyanni manyatama temne paipwatt naam aapvama aavyu hatoo, jeey shaabdik reete seoxma chhidra chhe. tenaa naamno ghanivaar "jeey seoxna rahasyo jaane chhe" tareeke anuvaad karvaamaa aave chhe. cyprus tekreeo parr aakraman. 1860 sudhimaa paipat kreemaa aadhyatmik netaa bunny gayaa hataa. teey jaj samaye, teey cree-asiniboin athavaa yuvan kootaraono vadaa bunny gayo hato, jeey khaas kareene cree aneey cree-bhaashi asiniboin temaj ketlaak medaano ojibweno shaktishaali mishra jooth hato. aaa bendne cree dwara "nihiyavi-pavaak" (cree-asiniboin) aneey asiniboin dwara "sahiyaayeskaabi" athavaa "saheeya iscabina" ("cree-speakers", kaaran keey teo bolatee cree taraf valyaa hataa) tareeke odakhvaamaa aavtu hatoo. bendnaa sabhyo mahaan bhens shikaareeo aneey yoddhaao, temaj ghodo choro aneey mushkeli oobhi karnaaraao tareeke jaanita hataa. temnu jooth ghatata bhensnaa tolaa parr nirbhar hovathi, peipavaate kreene cyprus tekariomaa temnaa pradeshno vistaar karvaanee himayat curry hatee. peyipvat aagaami aakramanna aek mahatvapurn netaa hataa; jooe keey, aek swapnamaa, temnee paase cree haarnee drashti hatee. teo temnaa drashtikonnaa anya netaaone samjavvama asamarth hataa, parantu temane beeja divase yuddhmaa bhaag levaano incar karyo hato, jemaa kreeae kainai gaam parr humalo karyo hato. bayley nadeeni ladaai" cree maate vinashak hatee, jemane temnaa trija bhaagnaa yoddhaao gumaavyaa hataa aneey aneevarypane aakramanno anta aavyo hato. sandhee 4. 1875maan paipwat veeliyam jeey. neey malyaa hataa. christy, kenediyan sandhee commissioner. christy ichchhati hatee keey paipwat sandhee 4 parr hastakshar karey, jenee vataghato aek varsh agau karvaamaa aavee hatee. peyipavaate sandhimaa ghanaa ferfaaroni maang curry hatee aneey khotee reete maantaa hataa keey teey karvaamaa aavyaa chhe, 9 september, 1875naa roj tenaa parr hastakshar karyaa hataa. jooe keey temnee ghanee vinanteeo bhavishyani sandheeo (khaas kareene sandhee 6) naa bhaag rupe sarkaar dwara puurii padvama aavee hatee, parantu ghanee vinanteeo naa hatee. temnaa mrutyu sudhee, payapavatne ottava dwara dago karvaamaa aavyo hovaanu laagyu. aagaami daaykaa darmiyan peipavaate kenediyan sarkaar saathe vataghato karvaanu chaalu raakhyu. jyaan sudhee taaj cree lokonee svaayattaani banydhari naa aape aneey temne sanyukt pradesh naa aape tyaan sudhee temane aneey anya cree netaoae koipan vadhaaraani sandheeo parr hastakshar karvaano incar karyo hato. jyaare teey spasht thayu keey aavu nahee thaay, tyaare paipwatt, cree leaders couses aneey agranee maanas, aneey aseniboin first rashtroae cyprus tekariomaa anaamatni vinanti curry. vinanti karaayela pradesho badhaa adeene hataa, aneey ottava vinanti saathe sammat thayaa, asarkarak reete aadijatine teey maangato sanyukt pradesh aapyo. badvo karyo. 1882maan, bhensnaa ghetaanna ghatataa tolaanne kaarane bhukhmarano saamno kartaa, paipwat aneey yuvan kootarao khoraak, ghodaao aneey purvathaanaa badalaama cyprus tekreeo chhodva maate sammat thayaa hataa. joke teo tunkaa krammaa parat faryaa hataa. pachhinaa varshe teey fareethi javaa maate sammat thayo, aaa vakhate bhaartiy vadaa, aseniboia gayo aneey uttar-pashchim ghodesvaar police dwara tene tyaan laee javama aavyo. aekvaar teo bhaartiy vadaa tareeke aavyaa pachhi, pipewate tarat jaj potaana pradeshni sthaapnaa karvaanaa dhyey saathe fareethi potaana lokone sangathit karvaanu sharoo karyoo. peyipavaate fareethi thodee safalataa melvee. temane anya haalnaa cree reserveni bajuma tarat jaj aek navoo reserve sthaapit karvaanee parvangi melvee hatee. sandheena sudhara maate ottava parr dabaan karvaa maate teo sandhee 4 aneey 6 neey aadheen janjationa anya netaao saathe jodaya hataa. jooe keey, 1885maan sarkaare khaadi parr kaaryvaahi karvaa maate matties uttar-pashchim badvaano upyog karyo hato. paipavatna anaamatni bajuma aek lashkari killo sthapvama aavyo hato. anya ketlaak netaaoni badvakhor tareeke dharapkad karvaamaa aavee hatee. paipavat ekmatra aevaa netaa hataa jeo bachee gayaa hataa aneey police aneey sainya dwara temnee najikthi dekhrekh rakhvama aavee hatee. pachhinaa varsho. payipavat kreemaa aadarneey aadhyatmik netaa tareeke chaalu rahyaa aneey vadhu svaayattaa maate himayat karvaanu aneey cree sanskrutinaa sanrakshane protsaahan aapvaanu chaalu raakhyu. temne sarkaar parr avishvaas hato. 1902maan bhaartiy agent veeliyam morris graahame asamarthata maate paipatne vadaa tareeke padbhrasht karvaano prayaas karyo hato. aakhare teo safal thayaa jyaare teo tarasya nrutya karvaa badal vadaani dharapkad curry hatee, jeey samaroh 1892maan pratibandhit karvaamaa aavyo hato. 15 april, 1902naa roj sangheey sarkaare paypavatne vadaa tareeke door karyaa hataa. peyipavat teey varshnaa septembermaa governor general looard mintone malyaa hataa. governor generalne nrutyo parnaa pratibandhne hataavvaani himayat karvaa maate samjavvama aavyaa hataa, parantu teey asafal rahyaa hataa. april 1908maan, peipavat temnaa anaamatmaa mrutyu pamya hataa.

piapot piyapot, peipat, yaa peipat (seox mein chhed yaa joe seox key rahasyon koo jaanata haye), kisikwasana (akash mein chamak) key roop mein paida huaa, jise usake asiniboin sahyogiyon dwara maa-epiode hockey (akash mein bijli) (-aprail 1908) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, cree-asiniboin/yuva kutton key baind kaa ack mool kanadai pramukh thaa, joe ack shaktishali baind thaa aur maidani cree key "downstream logon (mamihkinivak)" kaa vibhajan thaa. way 1860 key baad maidani khaadi key paanch pramukh netaaon mein seey ack they. praarambhik jeevan. sambhavatah abb joe manitoba aur saskatchevan kii seema key paas paida huaa haye, peyipwat koo mool roop seey kisikawasana yaa akash mein chamak naam diyaa gayaa thaa. apani daadi key saath, peyipwat koo ack bachche key roop mein seox dwara apaharan curr liya gayaa thaa. vaha apane apaharankartaon key beach badaa huaa, unaki dawa seekh rhaa thaa. chaudah kii umr mein, peyipwat koo ack cree chhaape key dauran pakad liya gayaa aur vaha apane hii logon key paas laut gayaa. unhein seox key beach rahate hue praapt gyaan kii maanyata mein, seox mein shaabdik roop seey chhed, pepwat naam diyaa gayaa thaa. unake naam kaa aksar anuvaad "vaha joe seox key rahasyon koo jaanata haye" key roop mein kiya jaataa haye. cyprus pahaadiyon kaa aakraman. 1860 taka peyipavat nadee key beach ack aadhyatmik netaa bunn gayaa thaa. usee samay, vaha cree-asiniboin yaa yuva kutton kaa pramukh bunn gayaa thaa, vishesh roop seey cree aur cree-bhashi asiniboin key saath-saath kuchh maidani ilaakon mein bhee. iss baind koo cree dwara "nihiyaavi-pavak" (cree-asiniboin) aur asiniboin dwara "sahiyayaskabi" yaa "саhiíya iyéskabina" ("cree-vaktaa", kyonki way bolane vaali cree mein badal gaye they) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. baind key sadasya mahaan bhains shikari aur yoddhaon key saath-saath ghode key chor aur pareshani paida karane vaalon key roop mein prasiddh they. choonki unakaa baind girate bhainson key jhundon parr nirbhar thaa, isaliye peyipavaat ney apane kshetra koo cyprus pahaadiyon mein vistaarit karane key liye cree kii vakaalat kii. peyipavat agami aakraman key ack mahatvapurna netaa they; haalaanki, ack sapane mein, unake paas haar kii ack drishti thee. vaha apane drishtikon key anya netaaon koo manaane mein asamarth thaa, lekin usane agale dinn yuddh mein bhaag lene seey incar curr diyaa jisamen cree ney ack kainai gaanv parr hamla kiya. pett nadee kii ladaai" cree key liye vinashkari thee, jinhone apane yoddhaon mein seey ack tihai koo khou diyaa, aur anivarya roop seey aakraman kaa anta chihnit kiya. sandhi 4. 1875 mein peyipwat ney villium jey seey mulakat kii. christy, kanadai sandhi aayukt. christy pepwat koo sandhi 4 parr hastakshar karane key liye chaahata thaa, jiss parr ack saal pahale baatchit kii gaee thee. peyipavat ney sandhi mein kaee badlaavon kii maang kii aur galat vishvaas karate hue kii way kiye gaye they, 9 sitambar, 1875 koo iss parr hastakshar kiye. haalaanki unake kaee anurodh bhavishya kii sandhiyon (vishesh roop seey sandhi 6) key hisse key roop mein sarkaar dwara pradaan kiye gaye they, lekin kaee naheen they. apani mrityu taka, peyipavat ney otova dwara vishvaasghaat mahsoos kiya. agale dashak mein peyipwat ney kanada kii sarkaar key saath baatchit jaari rakhee. unhone aur anya cree netaaon ney kissy bhee atirikt sandhiyon parr hastakshar karane seey incar curr diyaa jaba taka kii taaj cree logon kii swaayatta kii guaranti naheen detaa haye aur unhein ack sanyukt kshetra pradaan naheen kartaa haye. jaba yeh spasht hoe gayaa kii aisaa naheen hoga, tou peyipwat, gree netaaon kii couves aur sabse pramukh vyakti, aur sabse pahale asiniboin rashtron ney cyprus pahaadiyon mein bhandar kaa anurodh kiya. anurodh kiye gaye sabhi kshetra nikatvarti they, aur uttaava ney anurodh parr sahamati vyakt kii, jisase janjaati koo prabhaavi roop seey sanyukt kshetra pradaan kiya gayaa. vidroh. 1882 mein, bhainson key jhund key ghatate jaane key kaaran bhukhmari kaa saamana karate hue, peyipwat aur yuva kutte bhojan, ghodon aur aapoorti key badale cyprus pahaadiyon koo chhodane key liye sahmat hoe gaye. haalaanki way thode samay mein vaapas aaa gaye. agale saal vaha phir seey jaane key liye sahmat hoe gayaa, iss baar bhaaratiya pramukh, asiniboya key liye, aur uttar-paschim ghudsavaar pulis dwara vahaan leey jaaya gayaa. ack baar jaba vaha bhaaratiya sir mein pahunche, tou peyipavat ney turant apane logon koo phir seey sangathit karane key baare mein nirdhaarit kiya, jiska lakshya apana kshetra sthaapit karna thaa. peyipavat ney phir seey kuchh safalata hassil kii. unhone ack anya maujooda cree reserve key turant buggle mein ack nayaa reserve sthaapit karane kii anumati praapt kii. vaha sandhi sanshodhanon key liye uttaava parr dabaav banaane key liye sandhiyon 4 aur 6 key adheen janjaatiyon key anya netaaon key saath shamil hoe gaye. haalaanki, 1885 mein sarkaar ney nadee parr nakel kasane key liye uttar-paschim vidroh kaa fayda uthaaya. peyipavaat key aarakshit kshetra key buggle mein ack sainya kilaa sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. kaee anya netaaon koo vidrohiyon key roop mein giraftar kiya gayaa thaa. peyipavat ekmatra aisaa netaa thaa joe butch gayaa aur pulis aur senaa dwara usaki bariki seey nigrani kii gaee. baad key varshon mein. payapavat cree key beach ack sammaanit aadhyatmik netaa baney rahey aur adhik swaayatta kii vakaalat karate rahey aur cree sanskriti key sanrakshan koo badhaava dete rahey. unhein sarkaar parr avishvaas thaa. 1902 mein bhaaratiya agent villium morris graham ney ayogyata key liye pepavat koo pramukh key roop mein padchyut karane kaa prayaas kiya. antatah vaha safal hoe gaye jaba unhone ack pyasa nritya aayojit karane key liye pramukh koo giraftar kiya, ack samaroh jise 1892 mein pratibandhit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 15 aprail, 1902 koo sanghiya sarkaar ney peyipavat koo pramukh key roop mein hataa diyaa. peyipavat ney usa varsh sitambar mein governor general lord minto seey mulakat kii. governor general koo nrityon parr pratibandh hataane kii vakaalat karane key liye raaji kiya gayaa thaa, lekin vaha asafal rahey. aprail 1908 mein, peyipavaat kii mrityu unake aarakshit sthaan parr hui.

piyapat piapot, poipwatt, athawa poipwatt (seoxna randhra athawa seoxna rahasyagalannu tilidiruva vyakti), kisikavasan (akashadalli minchu) endu janisidaru, avana assiniboin mitrarinda maa-piyaa ovaade hoxi (skye baynalli minchu) (-april 1908) endu kareyalpaduva cree-asiniboin/young dogs bandna sthaliya kenadian mukhyastharagiddaru, idu prabala byaand mattu bayalu kreeya "kelabhaagada janara (mamihkiniwak)" vibhaagavaagide. aata 1860rahra nantara bayalu pradeshada aidu pramukha nayakaralli obbaraagiddaru. arambhika jeevana. bahushah eega manitoba mattu suscotchewanna gadiya bully janisida paayipvatge moolatah kisikavasan athawa akashadalli minchu endu hesarisalaagittu. tanna ajji jotege, payipwat annu baalyadalli seox apaharisidanu. aata tanna serehididavara naduve beledu, avara aushadhiyannu kalitanu. hadinalkane vayassinalli, payipwat cree daaliya samayadalli serehidiyalpattanu mattu tanna swanta janara balige maralidanu. seoxna naduve vasisuvaga aata galisida gnaanavannu gurutisi, aatanige seoxnalli aksarashah randhravaada payipwat emba hesarannu nidalaayitu. aatana hesarannu samanyavagi "seoxna rahasyagalannu tilidiruva vyakti" endu anuvaadisalaaguttade. cyprus bettagala mele akramana. 1860rahra hottige payipwat kreeyalli aadhyaatmika naayakaraagiddaru. adhe samayadalli, aata cree-asiniboin athawa chikka nayigala mukhyasthanagiddanu, visheshavaagi cree mattu cree-maatanaaduva asiniboin mattu kelavu bayalu pradeshagala mishra gumpu. ee vaadyavrundavannu cree "nihiyavi-pavak" (cree-asiniboin) mattu asiniboin "sahiyaiyeskabi" athawa "sahiya aiskabina" ("cree-speakers", ekendare avaru maatanaaduva kreege badalaagiddaru) endu kareyuttiddaru. bandna sadasyaru shreshtha emme betegaararu mattu yodharu, jotege kudure kallaru mattu tondare maaduvavaru endu prasiddharagiddaru. avana tandavu kshinisuttiruva emmeya hindugala mele avalambitavagiruvudarinda, paipwat cree tamma pradeshavannu cyprus bettagalige vistarisuvante pratipaadisidaru. nantarada aakramanada pramukha naayakaraagidda paipwat, kanasinalli, cree solina drashtikonavannu hondiddaru. tanna drashtiya itara nayakara manavolisalu aatanige sadhyavagalilla, aadare marudina cree kainai graamada mele daali maadida yuddhadalli bhagavahisalu aata nirakarisidanu. bellie nadiya yuddha" kreege vinaashakaariyaagittu, avaru tamma moorane ondu bhagadashtu yodharannu kaledukondaru mattu aakramanada antyavannu gurutisidaru. oppanda 4. 1875ralli payipwat avaru vilium zhe. avarannu bhetiyaadaru. christy, kenadaada oppandada ayukte. christy ondu varshada hinde sandhaanagondidda 4neey oppandakke pipewatt sahi haakabekendu bayasiddalu. peyipwat oppandakke halavaaru badalaavanegalannu koridaru mattu avugalannu maadalaagide endu tappagi nambi, september 9,1875 randu adakke sahi haakidaru. avara aneka vinantigalannu bhavishyada oppandagala bhagavagi sarkaaravu odagisiddaroo (visheshavaagi oppanda 6), avugalalli halavu madalilla. tanna maranadavaregu, ottawa tannannu droha maadidanendu payipwat bhavisidanu. mundina dasakadalli payipwat kenadaada sarkaaradondige matukate munduvarisidaru. kireetavu cree janara svaayattateyannu khataripadisada horatu mattu avarige samyukta pradeshavannu needada horatu avaru mattu itara cree nayakaru yaavude hechchuvari oppandagalige sahi haakalu nirakarisidaru. idu sambhavisuvudilla embudu spashtavadaga, payipwat, cree naayakaraada couses mattu agraganya vyakti, mattu assiniboin modala rashtragalu ellaroo cyprus bettagalalli misalugalannu koridaru. vinantisida pradeshagalellavu pakkadallive, mattu ottawa aaa korikege oppikonditu, budakattu janangakke adhu bayasida samyukta pradeshavannu parinamakariyagi needitu. dange. 1882ralli, kshinisuttiruva emmeya hindugalindaagi hasivannu edurisuttidda payipwat mattu chikka nayigalu aahara, kuduregalu mattu sarabarajugalige badalaagi cyprus bettagalannu toreyalu oppikondavu. aadaagyoo, avaru alpaavadhiyalli maralidaru. mundina varsha aata matte horadalu wappikondanu, ee baari bhaaratiya mukhyasthanaada asinibiyovage hodanu mattu vayuvya ashwarohi polisaru aatanannu allige karedoydaru. omme aata bhaaratiya talege banda takshana, paipwat tanna janarannu tammade aada pradeshavannu sthaapisuva guriyondige matte sanghatisalu praarambhisidanu. peyipwat matte swalpa yashassannu saadhisidaru. astitvadalliruva mattondu cree meesalu pradeshada pakkadalli hosa meesalu pradeshavannu sthapisalu aata anumati padedaru. oppandada parishkaranegaligagi ottawa mele ottada heralu avaru 4 mattu 6neey oppandagalige olapatta budakattu janangada itara naayakarondige serikondaru. aadaagyoo, 1885ralli sarkaaravu mettis vayuvya dangeyannu balasikondu kreeya mele dabbaalike nadesitu. paipwatna meesalu pradeshada pakkadalli military kooteyannu sthaapisalaayitu. itara halavaaru nayakarannu bandukorarendu bandhisalaayitu. badukulida ekaika nayaka paipwat aagiddaru mattu aatanannu polisaru mattu military nikatavagi melvichaarane maaduttittu. nantarada varshagalu. payipwat kreeyalli gouravaanvita aadhyaatmika naayakaraagi munduvaredaru mattu hecchina svaayattategaagi mattu cree samskrutiya samrakshaneyannu uttejisuvudannu munduvaresidaru. aatanige sarkaarada mele apanambike ittu. 1902ralli bhaaratiya agent vilium maris graham avaru asamarthategaagi payipwat avarannu mukhyastha sthaanadinda kelagilisalu prayatnisidaru. 1892ralli nisheedhisalaada baayaarike nrutyavannu nadesidakkagi mukhyastanannu bandhisidaaga aata antimavagi yashasviyaadanu. 1902rahra april 15randu samyukta sarkaaravu payipwat avarannu mukhyastha sthaanadinda tegeduhaakitu. aaa varshada septembernalli governor general lard minto avarannu paipwat bhetiyaadaru. nrutyagala melina nishedhavannu tegeduhaakuvante pratipaadisalu governor general avarannu manavolisalaayitu, aadare adhu viphalavaayitu. 1908rahra aprilnalli, payipwat tanna meesalu pradeshadalli nidhanaraadaru.

piapot piapot, payipwat kinwa payipwat (seoxmadhil chhidra kinwa seoxchee rahasye mahit asaleli vyakti), kisikawasana (aakashatil flash) mhanoon janmalela, tyachya assiniboin mitrandware mypioya ovede hoxy (aakashatil vijecha) (-april 1908) mhanoon olakhala jaanara, cree-asiniboin/young dogs bandcha eka mool canadian pramukh hota, joou eka shaktishali band aanee maidani kreechya "downstream lokancha (mamihkinivak)" vibhag hota. 1860 nantar maidani pradeshatil paach pramukh netyanpaiki too eka hota. prarambhik jeevan. bahudha aata jeey manitoba aanee saskachevanchya simejaval aahe tyajaval janmalelya payipavatala moolatah kisikawasana kinwa aakashatil flash asey naav denyat aale hote. tyachya aajisah, paypavatche lahanpanapasun seoxne apaharan kele hote. too tyachya apaharankartyanmadhye motha jhaala, tyanche aushadh shikat hota. vayachya chaudavya varshi, paypavatla eka cree reed darmyan pakadanyat aale aanee too tyachya swatachya lokankade paratala. seoxmadhye rahat asatana tyane midavalelya dnyanachya sanmanarth tyala payipwat heey naav denyat aale, jeey shabdasha seoxmadhil chhidra aahe. tyachya navacha anuvad anekada 'jyala seoxchee rahasye maheet aahet' assa keela jaato. cyprus tekdyanvar aakraman. 1860 paryant payapavat haah sarovaracha aadhyatmik neta banala hota. tyach velee, too cree-asiniboin kinwa tarun kutryancha pramukh banala hota, visheshtah cree aanee cree-bhashik asiniboin tasech kahee maidani ojibwecha eka shaktishali mishra band. yaa bandla kridware "nahiyavi-pavak" (cree-asiniboin) aanee asiniboindware "sahiyeskabi" kinwa "sahiya iscabina" ("cree-speakers", kaaran tyanni bolananya krikade valale hote) mhanoon olakhale jaat asey. yaa pathakache sadasya mhashiche mahan shikari aanee yoddhe, tasech ghode chor aanee tras denare mhanoon prasiddha hote. tyacha gut mhashichya qamee hott jaananya kalpanvar avalambun asalyane, paypavatne kreene cyprus tekadyanmadhye tyancha pradesh vistarava yasathi yuktivad keela. payipavat haah aagami aakramanacha eka mahattvacha neta hota; tathapi, eka swapnamadhye, tyala parabhavachi kalpana hotee. too tyachya doordrashtichya itar netyanna patvoon deu shakala nahee, parantu dusya divashi tyane ladhait sahbhagi honyas nakar deela jyamadhye kreene kainai gavavar hallah keela. bellie nadichi ladhai' hii krisathi vinashkari hotee, jyanni tyanche eka trutiyansh yoddhe gamavale aanee moolatah aakramanacha shevat jhaala. 4. karar 1875 madhye paypavatchi vilyam jeey. yanchyashi bhet jhaali. christy, canadache karar aayukt. christila payapavatne 4 vya kararavar swakshari karavi ashee ichcha hotee, jyachi vataghati eka varshapurvi jhaali hotee. payipavatne kararat anek badal karanyachi magani kelee aanee teey kele gele aahet asey chukiche manat 9 september 1875 roji tyavar swakshari kelee. jaree tyachya anek vinantya bhavishyatil kararancha bhag mhanoon sarkarne puravilya hotya (visheshtah karar 6), parantu anek vinantya kelya gelya naheet. tyachya mrutyuparyant, payipavatala ottavacha vishvasaghat jhalyache jaanavale. pudhil dashakat payapavatne canadachya sarkarshi vataghati suru thevalya. mukutane cree lokanchya svayattatechi hummy dilee nahee aanee tyanna sanyukt pradesh deela nahee toparyant tyane aanee itar cree netyanni konatyahi atirikt kararanvar swakshari karnyas nakar deela. jevha heey honar nahee heey spasht jhaale, tevha paypavat, cree nete, coves aanee agraganya manus aanee asiniboin first rashtranni serve cyprus tekadyanmadhye rakheev jaaga magavalya. vinanti kelele serve pradesh shejari hote aanee ottawa yaa vinantila sahmat jhaala, jyamule jamatis tyane magitalela sanyukt pradesh prabhavipane midala. bandkhori. 1882 madhye, mhashinchya kalpanchya ghatananya upasamaricha samna karat, paypavat aanee tarun kutre ann, ghode aanee purvathyachya badalyat cyprus tekadya sodanyas tayar jhaale. matra, teey alpavadhitach paratale. pudhchya varshi tyane punha jaanyas sahmati darshavali, yaveli too bharatiy pramukh, aseniboyala gela aanee vayvyekadil ghudsavar polisankadun tyala tethe nenyat aale. bharatiy sarsanghchalak mhanoon aalyavar paypavatne lagechach swatachya pradeshachi sthapana karnyachya uddeshane aaplya lokanna punha sanghatit karnyas suruvat kelee. payapavatne punha kahee yash midavale. tyanni vidyaman asalelya dusya cree rakheev kshetrachya jawalach eka naveen rakheev kshetra sthapan karanyachi parvanagi midavali. 4 aanee 6 kararanchya adheen asalelya jamatinchya itar netyansobat too sameel jhaala aanee karar sudharanansathi ottavavar dabav aanala. tathapi, 1885 madhye sarkarne meteeschya vayavya bandacha fayda ghet khadivar karvai kelee. paypavatchya rakheev jagechya shejari eka lashkari killa ubharanyat aala. itar anek netyanna bandkhor mhanoon atak karnyat aalee. payapavat haah ekmev neta jiwant rahila aanee tyachyavar police aanee lashkarakadun barkaine laksh thewale jaat hote. nantarchi varshe. payipavat haah krimadhil eka aadaraniy aadhyatmik neta rahila aanee adhik svayattatesathi aanee cree sanskratichya sanvardhanas protsahan dett rahila. tyanchyavar sarkarcha avishvas hota. 1902 madhye bharatiy agent william mauris graham yane asamarthatesathi payapavatala pramukh padavarun hatavanyacha prayatna keela. 1892 madhye bandee ghalanyat aalelya tahan nrutyasathi pramukhala atak karnyat aalyanantar too akheris yashasvi jhaala. 15 april 1902 roji, federal sarkarne payapavat yanna pramukhpadavarun hatvale. paypavatne tyach varshi septembermadhye governor general laurd minto yanchi bhet ghetali. nrutyanvaril bandee uthavanyasathi vakili karnyasathi governor generalla patvoon denyat aale, parantu teey ayashasvi tharale. april 1908 madhye, payapavat yanche tyanchya rakheev jagevar nidhan jhaale.

piapot piapot, paipwata, wa paipwata (seoxma pwal wa sioksko rahasyaharu thaha bhaeko wyakti), kisikawasana (akashma flas) ko rupma janmeka, unka asiniboina sahayogiharudwara maupioya owad hoksi (akashma bijuli) (-april 1908) cree-asiniboina/yuwa kukur bandka muel canadian pramukh thie, ek shaktishali banned rar maidani kriko "downstream manisharu (mamihkiniwak)" ko vibhajan. uni sann 1860 pachhi maidani khadika paanch pramukh netaharumadhe ek thie. prarambhik jiwan. sambhawatah ahile manitoba rar saskatchewanko sima najikai janmieka paipawatlai muel rupma kisikawasana, wa akashma flas naam diieko thiyo. afnie hajuramasanga, paipawatlai siuksle bachchako rupma apharan gareka thie. uni afna bandiharu bichma hurke, uniharuko aushadhi sike. chaudha warshako umerma, paipawatlai cree redko kramama pakrau gariyo rar afnai janatama farkiyo. siuksharu bichma rahanda unle prapta gareko gyanko manyatama unlai paipwata naam diieko thiyo, shabdik rupma siuksama pwal. unko naam prayaha "sioksko rahasyaharu thaha bhaeko wyakti" ko rupma anuwad garieko chha. cyprus pahadharuko akraman. sann 1860 sammama paipat kriharu bitch ek adhyatmik neta baneka thie. ekai samayama, uni cree-asiniboin wa yuwa kukurharuko pramukh baneka thie, vishesh gari cree rar cree-bhashi asiniboinko ek shaktishali mishrit banned sathai kehi maidanharu ojibwe. yass bandlai krile "nihiyawi-pawak" (cree-asiniboina) rar asiniboinle "sahiyayaskabi" wa "sahiya aiskabina" ("cree-spikerharu") bhanera chinthe kinbhane uniharule speaking krima pariwartan gareka thie. bandka sadasyaharu mahan bhainsi shikari rar yoddhaharu, sathai ghoda chor rar samasya sirjana garneharuka rupma prasidha thie. unko banned ghatdo bhainsiko gothalama nirbhar bhaekale, paipatle krilai cyprus pahadharuma afno khetra wistar garna wakalat gare. paipwata agami akramanka ek mahatwapurna neta thie; tathapi, sapanama, unisanga krey parajayako darshan thiyo. uni afno darshanka anya netaharulai raji garna asamartha bhae, tara unle arko dina yudhama bhag lyne aswikar gare jasma krile kainai gaunma akraman karbahi. bayley nadiko yuddha" krika lagi vinashkari thiyo, jasle afna ek tihai yoddhaharu gumae, rar aniwarya rupma akramanko antyalai chihnit gare. sandhi 4. sann 1875 maa peipatle william jey sanga bhet gare. christy, canadali sandhi ayukta. cristile ek warsha pahile samjhauta 4 maa hastakshar garna paipatlai chahanthe. paipatle sandhima dherai pariwartanharu mag gare rar tiniharu banaieka thie bhanne galat vishwas gardai september 9,1875 maa yasama hastakshar gare. yadyapi unka dherai anurodhharu bhawishyaka sandhiharu (vishesh gari sandhi 6) ko bhagko rupma sarkarle pradan gareka thie, tara dherai hoinan. afno mrityu nabhaesamma, paipatawale otawadwara dhoka diieko mahasus gare. arko dashakma paipatle canadali sarkarsanga warta jaari rakhe. unle rar anya cree netaharule kunai pani atirikta sandhiharuma hastakshar garna aswikar gare jabasamma mukutle cree janatako swayattatako guarantee dindaina rar uniharulai sanyukta khetra pradan gardaina. jab yo spashta bhayo kii yo hune chhaina, paipat, cree netaharu couses rar agrani manis, rar asinoboin pratham rashtraharule cyprus pahadharuma bhandarharu anurodh gare. anurodh garieka kshetraharu sabai chheuchhauka thie, rar otawa anurodhma sahamat bhae, prabhawkari rupma janajatilai usale chaheko sanyukta khetra pradan gare. vidroha. sann 1882 maa, bhainsiko jhunda ghatdai jaanda bhokamariko samana gardai, paipat rar sanah kukurharu khana, ghoda rar apurtiko satama cyprus pahad chhodna sahamat bhae. tara, tiniharu chhoto kramama farkie. arko warsha uni feri chhodna sahamat bhae, yass patak bharatiya pramukh, acenobioma, rar uttar-paschimma ghudsawar policedwara tyahan sangathit gariyo. ekchoti uni bharatiya shirma aipugepachhi, paipatle turuntai afnai khetra sthapana garne laxyaka sath afna manisharulai feri sangathit garne bare suru gare. peipatawale feri kehi safalta hasil gare. unle arko awasthit cree rijarbhako chheuma turuntai nayan rijarbha sthapana garne anumati prapta gare. sandhi sanshodhanka lagi otawalai dabab dina uni sandhi 4 rar 6 ko adhinma raheka janajatiharuka anya netaharusanga samel bhae. yadyapi, sann 1885 maa sarkarle mattis uttar-paschim vidrohako faida uthaera khadimathi karbahi karbahi. paipawatako arakshako chheuma euta sainya killa sthapana garieko thiyo. anya dherai netaharulai vidrohika rupma pakrau garieko thiyo. paipwata baanchne ek matra neta thie, rar unlai police rar senale najikbata nigarani gareko thiyo. pachhilla warshaharuma. paipat cree bitch ek sammanit adhyatmik neta banna jaari rakhe rar adhik swayattatako wakalat garna rar cree sanskritiko sanrakshanlai badhawa dina jaari rakhe. uni sarkardwara awishwasma pareka thie. sann 1902 maa bharatiya agent william morris grahamle ayogyataka lagi paipatlai pramukhko padabata hataune prayas gare. sann 1892 maa pratibandhit garieko tirkha nrityako lagi pramukhlai pakrau garepachhi uni antatah safal bhae. april 15,1902 maa sanghiya sarkarle paipawatlai pramukhko rupma hataeko thiyo. peyipwatle tyas warshako septemberma governer general leard mintosanga bhet gare. governer generallai nrityama lagaieko pratibandha hatauna wakalat garna raji gariyo, tara asafal bhayo. april 1908 maa, paipatko unko rijarvama mrityu bhayo.

piapata piapat, paipawat, kimba paipawat (sioksare gartta kimba jie seoxer rahasya janichanti), kisikawasan (aakaashare flash) bhabare janma hoithile, taanka asiniboina sahajogeemananka dwara maa 'paija owade hoxy (aakaashare bajrapata) (-april 1908) cree-asiniboina/janga dogg bander jane sthaniah canadia mukhya thile, eka shaktishali banned ebong samatala krira "downstream lock (mamihkiniwaka)" rahr bibhajan . 1860 masiha parey shay samatala anchalara pancha john pramukh netanka madhyaru jane thile. prarambhika zeeban. sambhabatah bartamana manitoba ebong saskatachewanara seema nikatare janma hoithiba paipawatanku moolatah kisikawasan, kimba aakaashare flash naama diajaithila . taanka jejema 'nka saha, paipawatanku piladine seox apaharan karithile. shay taanka bandeemananka madhyare badhithile, semananka oushadha shikhithile. chaud barsha bajasare, eka cree redd samajare paipawatanku bandi karajaithila ebong niz lokanku pherithile. seoxmananka madhyare rahiba samajare shay hassel karithiba gyanara swekruti swaroopa tanku paipawata naama diajaithila, aakhyarika arthare sioksare gartta . taanka naamaku prajatah "jie seoxer rahasya jaane" bhabare anubada karajae . cypros pahad upare aakraman. 1860 masiha suddha paipawata cree madhyare jane adhyatmika neta palati jaithile. sehi samajare, shay cree-asiniboina kimba chhot kukuramanankara mukhya hoithile, bisesh curry cree ebong cree-bhashi asiniboinra eka shaktishali mishrit banned tatha keteka samatala ojibawe . ehi byandaku cree "nihijawi-pawatak" (cree-asiniboina) ebong asiniboina "sahijajeskabi" kimba "sahija aiskabina" ("cree-spicker", kaaran semane spicking cree ku badalaithile) bhabare janithile. ehi bander sadasyamane mahan mainshi shikari ebong joddha, tatha ghoda chore ebong samasya srusti karuthiba bhabare prasidha thile. taanka dala hrass pauthiba mainshi dala upare nirbharashila thibaru, paipawata cree paain cypros pahadare semananka anchalaku bistara karibaku paramarsha deithile. parabarti akramanara jane gurutwapurna neta thile paipawata; tathapi, eka swapnare, tankara cree parajayara eka drusti thila . shay taanka dooradrustira anya netamananku bujhaibare asamartha hoithile, kintu pardin shay juddhare anshagrahana karibaku manah karideithile jeunthire cree eka kainai gramm upare aakraman karithila. " "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" 4. chukti. 1875 masihare paipawata william jay. nku bhetithile. christy, canadia sandhi commissioner. eka barsha purbe hoithiba bujhamana 4ray swakhyara kariba paain peipawatanku khristi chahunthile. paipawata ehi chuktire aneka paribartana daabi karithile ebong bhul bhabe biswasa curry je segudika karajaichi, september 9,1875 ray ethire swakhyara karithile. jadio tankara aneka anurodha bhabisyata chuktira ansha bhabare sarakaranka dwara pradan karajaithila (bisesh curry chukti 6), aneka hoinathile . taanka mrutyu parjyanta, paipawata otowanka dwara biswasghatakata anubhaba karithile. parabarti dashandhi dhari paipawata kanada sarakaranka saha alochana jaari rakhithile. shay ebong anya cree netamane kaunasi atirikta chukti swakhyara karibaku manah karideithile, jadi mukut cree lokanka swajattatara guaranti naah die ebong semananku eka sanjukta anchala pradan naah kare. jetebele ehaa spust hoigala je ehaa ghatiba naahin, paipawata, cree leader couses ebong agrani byakti, ebong asiniboina pratham rastra samaste cypros pahadare rijarbha anurodha karithile . anurodha karajaithiba samasta anchala sanlagna thila, ebong otawa ehi anurodhare raaji hoithile, phalaswaroopa janajatiku ehaa chahunthiba sanjukta anchala pradan karithile . bidroha. 1882 masihare, hrass pauthiba mainshi dala karanaru anaharara sammukheen hoi, paipawata ebong chhot kukuramane khadya, ghoda ebong jogaana badalare cypros pahad chhadibaku raaji hoithile. tebe semane swalpa samajare pherithile. parabarti barsha shay puni jibaku raaji hoithile, ether bharatiah mukhya, aasiniboiaaku, ebong uttara-paschima mounted police dwara sethare surakhya diajaithila . thare shay bharatiah mukhare pahanchiba parey, paipawata turanta niz lokanku semanankara nijaswa anchala pratistha karibara lakhya sahita puni sangathita karibaku arambha karithile. paipawata punithare kichhi saphalata hassel karithile. anya eka bidyamana cree rijarbha nikatare turanta eka nutan rijarbha pratistha karibaku shay anumathi paithile. shay 4 ebong 6tii sandhi adheenare thiba janajatigudikara anya netamananka sahita mishi chukti sanshodhana paain otawa upare chaap pakaithile. tebe 1885 masihare sarkar matties uttara-paschima bidrohara faida uthai cree upare kadaa karjyanusthana grahan karithile. paipawatnka sanrakhita anchala nikatare eka samarika durga pratistha karajaithila. anya ketejan neta bidrohi bhabe girapha hoithile. paipawata ekamatra neta thile jie banchithile, ebong tanku police ebong sena dwara tikhna najarare rakhajaithila. parabarti barsha. paipawata cree madhyare jane sammanita adhyatmika neta bhabare jaari rahithile ebong adhika swajattata paain okilati jaari rakhithile ebong cree sanskrutira sanrakhyanaku prostahita karithile. sarakaranka upare tankara abiswasa thila. 1902 masihare bharatiah agent william morris graham ajogyata paain paipawatanku mukhya padaru apasarana karibaku chesta karithile. sheshare shay saphala hoithile jetebele shay mukhyanku eka trusharta nrutya ayojan paain girapha karithile, eka samaroha jaahaa 1892 ray nishidha karajaithila. april 15,1902 ray, sangheeah sarkar paipawatanku mukhya bhabare hatai deithile. sehi barsha septembarare paipawata gabharnara general lord mintonku bhetithile. nrutya upare thiba pratibandhaka uthaibaku okilati karibaku gabharnara jeneralanku prabartajaithila, kintu biphal hoithile. 1908 masiha april maasare, paipawata taanka sanrakhita sthanare mrutyubarana karithile.

pyapat pyapot, pipewatt, jaan pipewatt (seox witch chhek jaan uh joe seox dey raazaan noon janhda haii), jiss daa janam kisikwasana (asman witch flash) vajon hoiaa see, jiss noon uss dey asiniboin sahiyogiaan duaara maopia ovad hockey (sakai buaae witch bijli) (-aprail 1908) dey roop witch janhiaa jaanda see, cree-asiniboin/young dogs baind daa ikk mool canadian mukhi see, ikk shaktishali baind atey maidani cree dey "downstream lokan (mahihkinivak)" dee vandd see. uh 1860 toon baad maidani khetar dey panj pramukh netavan vicchon ikk see. mudhla jeevan. sambhav haii kii hunn manitoba atey sasketchevan dee sarhadd dey nede paida hoiaa, pipewatt noon asal witch kisikavasana, jaan asman witch flash naam ditta giaa see. aapni daadi dey naal, paipwat noon seox neey bachpan witch agwa qarr liaa see. uh aapne kaidiaan dey vichkaar vadda hoiaa, unhan dee dawai sikkh riha see. chaudan saal dee umar witch, paipwat noon ikk cree chhape dauran fadd liaa giaa atey uh aapne hii lokan cole waps aaa giaa. uss noon pipewatt naam ditta giaa see, shabdik taur 'teey seox witch chhek, uss giaan dee maanta witch joe uss neey seox dey vichkaar rahinde hoye prapat keeta see. uss dey naam daa aksar anuvad "uh joe seok dey raazaan noon janhda haii" vajon keeta jaanda haii. cyprus pahadiaan daa hamla. 1860 takk paipwat cree witch ikk adhiaatmik aagoo bann giaa see. use samein, uh cree-asiniboin jaan naujwan kuttiaan daa mukhi bann giaa see, cree atey cree bolann vaale asiniboin dey naal-naal kujh maidani ilakiaan daa ikk vishesh taur 'teey shaktishali mishrat baind. iss baind noon cree duaara "naihiaavi-pavak" (cree-asiniboin) atey asiniboin duaara "sahiaaeskabi" jaan "саhiíya iyéskabina" ("cree-bolann vaale", kiunki uh bolann vaali cree vall chaley gaye sunn) vajon janhiaa jaanda see. baind dey member mahaan majjhan dey shikariaan atey yodhiaan dey naal-naal ghode choran atey musibat paida curran valiaan vajon prasidh sunn. jiven kii uss daa baind majjhan dey digg rahey jhundan 'teey nirbhar see, paipwat neey cree dee vakalat keeti kii uh aapne khetar noon cyprus pahadiaan witch vadhaae. paipwat aaunn vaale hamle daa ikk mahattavpuran neta see; halanki, ikk supna witch, uss cole cree haar daa drishtikon see. uh aapne drishtikon dey horr netavan noon manaun witch asamrath see, parr uss neey agle dinn ladai witch hissa lainn toon inkaar qarr ditta jiss witch cree neey ikk kainai pind utte hamla keeta. dhidd nadee dee ladai" cree laee vinashkari see, jinhan neey aapne ikk tihai yodhiaan noon guaa ditta, atey lazmi taur 'teey hamle dey ant noon darsaiaa. 4. sandhi 1875 witch pipewatt neey viliam jey. naal mulakat keeti. christy, canadian sandhi kamishnar. christy chahunda see kii pipewatt sandhi 4 utte dastkhat qarey, jiss utte ikk saal pahilan gallbat keeti gaee see. paipwat neey sandhi witch kaee tabdiliaan dee mung keeti atey ih galat manndiaan kii uh keetiaan gaeeaan sunn, 9 satambar, 1875 noon iss utte dastkhat keete. halanki uss deeaan bahut saariaan benatiaan sarkaar duaara bhavikh deeaan sandhiaan (khaas karke sandhi 6) dey hisse vajon pardan keetiaan gaeeaan sunn, parr kaeeaan neey naheen keetiaan sunn. aapni maut takk, paipwat neey otova duaara dhokha ditta mahisus keeta. agle dahake witch pipewatt neey canadian sarkaar naal gallbat jaari rakkhi. uss neey atey horr cree netavan neey kise vee vadhu sandhiaan 'teey dastkhat curran toon inkaar qarr ditta jadon takk taaj cree lokan dee khudmukhtiaari dee grunty naheen dinda atey unhan noon ikk sanyukat khetar naheen dinda. jadon ih spasht hoow giaa kii ajiha naheen hovega, taan pipewatt, cree leadran dee cousess atey sabh toon pramukh aadmi, atey asyniboin pahile deshan neey cyprus pahadiaan witch bhandar dee benati keeti. benati keete gaye saare khetar naal laggde sunn, atey otawa neey benati 'teey sehmati pragtai, jiss naal kabile noon prabhavshali dhang naal sanyukat khetar ditta giaa joe uh chahunda see. vidroh keeta. 1882 witch, majjhan dey jhundan dey dhiggan caarn bhukhmari daa sahmana karde hoye, pipewatt atey chhote kutte bhojan, ghodiaan atey saplai dey badle cyprus pahadiaan noon chaddan laee sehmat hoow gaye. parr uh thode samein witch waps aaa gaye. agle saal uh firr toon jaanh laee tiaar hoow giaa, iss vaar bharti mukhi, asiniboya noon, atey uttar-pachmi ghudswar pulis duaara utthe surakhiaa ditti gaee. ikk vaar jadon uh bharti mukhi dey roop witch pahunche, taan paipwat neey turant aapne lokan noon aapna khetar sathapat curran dey teeche naal dubara sangathit curran baare gall keeti. peipwat neey firr kujh safalta prapat keeti. uss neey ikk horr maujuda cree reserve dey naal-naal ikk navaan reserve sathapat curran dee aagiaa prapat keeti. uh sandhi sodhan laee otawa utte dabaa paunh laee sandhiaan 4 atey 6 dey adheen kabiliaan dey horr netavan naal shamal hoow giaa. halanki, 1885 witch sarkaar neey cree utte nakel kassan laee mattis uttar-pachmi vidroh daa faida uthaiaa. paipwat dey reserve dey naal ikk fauji kilha sathapat keeta giaa see. kaee horr netavan noon vidrohiaan vajon griftar keeta giaa see. paipwat iklauta neta bachiaa see, atey uss dee pulis atey fauj duaara nediyon nigrani keeti gaee see. baad dey saalan witch. paipwat cree witch ikk satikarat adhiaatmik neta baniaa riha atey vadhere khudmukhtiaari dee vakalat karda riha atey cree sabheyachar dee sambhal noon utshahit karda riha. uss noon sarkaar vallon bharosa naheen see keeta giaa. sann 1902 witch bharti agent viliam mauris graham neey ayogta laee paipwat noon mukhi dey ahude toon hataun dee koshish keeti. uh akheer witch safal hoow giaa jadon uss neey mukhi noon piaas naach curran laee griftar qarr liaa, ikk samaroh jiss utte 1892 witch pabandi lagaa ditti gaee see. 15 aprail, 1902 noon sanghi sarkaar neey paipwat noon mukhi dey ahude toon hataa ditta. paipwat neey use saal satambar witch governor general lard minto naal mulakat keeti. governor general noon naachan utte pabandi hataun dee vakalat curran laee raazi karvaiaa giaa see, parr uh asfal riha. aprail 1908 witch, paipwat dee aapne reserve witch maut hoow gaee.

piyaavat piapot, payipwat, athavaa payipwat (seox-madhye chhidram athavaa yah seox-ityasya rahasyan jaanaati), kisikavaasan (akasham prati chamakah) iti namna janitah, tasya asiniboyin-mitraihi maa-pia ovede hoxy (aakaash-balake vidyut) (-april 1908) iti namna prasidhah, cree-aasiniboyin/yang-dogs-bend ityasya, ekaha prabalah bend, samatal-cree-ityasya "downstream-peepals (mamihkinivak)" ityasya vibhaajanasya cha desheeyah kenada-pramukhah aasit. 1860 tamavarshaat anantaram samatal-cree-kshetrasya pancha pramukheshu netrushu saha anyatamah aasit. praarambhikajeevanam. praayah adhunaa manitoba tathaa saskatchevan ityetayoho simayam janitah, payipvat ityasya naam moolatah kisikavaasan athavaa aakaashasy flash iti aasit. tasya matamahi saha, payipwat, baalye eva seox ityanena apahrutaa aasit. saha swa-bandinaam madhye, teshaam aushadham shikshayan, vardhata. chaturdasha-vayasi, paayipwat cree-aakramanasy samaye gruheetah, swajanaanaam sameepam pratyagatavan. seox-jananam madhye nivasan praaptasya gyaanasya manyatam praaptum, tasya krute paayipwat iti naam dattam, shaabdikaroopen seox-madhye chhidram iti. tasya naam praayah "yah seox ityasya rahasyan jaanaati" iti bhashantaritam asti. saipras-parvatanam akramanam. 1860 tame varshe paayipwat ityeshah cree-madhye adhyatmikaha netaa abhavat. tasmin eva samaye saha cree-asiniboyin athavaa yuva-shvaanoho pramukhah abhavat, visheshatah cree tathaa cree-bhaashite aasiniboyin ityetayoho mishra-samuhasya tathaa keshaanchan samatal-ojibwe-ityasya cha. ayam samoohah cree ityanena "nahiyaavee-paawaak" (cree-asiniboyin) iti namna, asiniboyin ityanena "sahiyayeskabi" athavaa "sahiya-aiskabina" ("cree-speakers" iti namna, yatah te speaking-cree prati parivartitaah aasan) iti namna prasidhah aasit. asya sanghasya sadasyaah mahatee mashyaah shikaaree, yoddhaa, ashva-choraha, samasyaayuktah cha iti namna prasidhaah aasan. tasya dalah kshinamananam mashebhyah aashritah aasit, ataha paayipwat ityeshah cree ityasya krute saipras-parvateshu swakshetrasya vistaaram kartum samarthayat. payipwat ityeshah agami-aakramanasy mahattwapoornah netaa aasit, tathaapi swapnaat tasya cree-parajaya iti dooradrushtih aasit. saha swasya dooradrushteh anyaan netrun prerayitum asamarthah abhavat, parantu aparadine yuddhe bhaagam graheetum niraakrutavaan yasmin cree kainai-graamam aakramayat. udaranadi-yuddham" cree-ityasya krute vinaashakaram aasit, ye swayuddheshu truteeyaamsham haarayan, moolatah aakramanasy antam cha soochitavantah. 4. sandhihi. 1875 tame varshe paayipwat ityeshah vilium jey ityanena saha militavaan. christy, kenada-deshasya sandhi-aayuktah. christy, ekavarshaat poorvam sandhaanena sampannasya sandhi-4 madhye hastaaksharam kartum peyipwat-ityenam icchati sma. peyipwat-varyaha sandhihi anekaani parivartanaani prahrayat, tathaa cha te krutaani iti galatam vishvasan, 1875 september 9 dinaanke hastaaksharam krutavaan. yadyapi tasya bahooni anurodhaani bhavishyasya sandhishu (visheshatah sandhihi 6) bhagarupena sarvakaarena pradeeyante sma, tathaapi bahavah naa krutavantah. mrutyuparyantam, paayipwat ityeshah oottaavaa ityanena vanchitah iti anubhootah. agrime dashake peyipwaat-varyaha kenada-sarvakaarena saha vaartaalaapam nirantaram krutavaan. saha, anye cree-netaarah cha kasyaapi atirikta-sandhishu hastaaksharam kartum niraakrutavantah, yaavat mukutah cree-jananam swaayatataayaah pratyaabhootim naa karoti, taan samyukta-pradesham cha naa pradadaati. yadaa etat naa bhavishyati iti spashtam abhavat, tadaa payipvat, cree-netaarah, couses, agraganyah cha, assiniboyin-prathama-rashtrani cha, sarve saipras-parvateshu arakshitasthanani praarthayan. anurodhitaah pradeshah sarve sameepasthaah aasan, oottaavaa-pradesha api aagraham sveekrutavaan, parinaamatah janajaatim samyuktapradesham dattavaan. vidrohah. 1882 tame varshe, masheh samuhasya kshinatayaha karanat anaharena peedite, paayipwat, yuva-shwaataah cha aahaarasy, ashvasya, aapoorteh cha vinimayaroopen saipras-parwataih nishkaasayitum angeekrutavantah. parantu te alpaavadhau pratyaagatavantah. agrime varshe saha punah gantum sammatam krutavaan, asmin samaye bhaarateey-pramukham, asiniboyaa-nagaram prati, tatra vaayavya-ashwaarohee-aarakshakaih anurakshitah. yadaa saha bhaarateey-pramukham praptavan, tadaa paayipwat tatkshanameva swajanaan punah sanghatayitum swakshetrasya sthapanartham prarabdhavan. peyipwat punah kinchidapi saafalyam praapnot. saha anyasya vidyamaanasya cree-reserve ityasya sameepe tatkshanameva nootanam reserve sthaapayitum anumatim praapnot. saha 4,6 sandhivisheshaihi saha anyaih janajaatinetrubhih saha sammilitah, yena sandhi-samshodhanaartham oottaavaa-desham sammarditam. parantu 1885 tame varshe sarwakaarah mettis-ityasya vaayavya-vidrohasya upayogena cree ityasya upari damanam krutavaan. payipwat ityasya aarakshitasthanasy sameepe ekam sainyadurgam sthaapitam. anye bahavah netaarah vidrohinah iti rupena gruheetaah. payipwat eva ekamaatrah netaa aasit yah jeevitah aasit, saha aarakshakaih sainyaa cha nikatayaa nirikshitah aasit. pashchat varshaani. paayipwat cree-madhye sammaanitah adhyatmikaha netaa aasit, adhikaswaayataayaah krute, cree-samskrutehe samrakshanasya cha prachaarah nirantaram krutavaan. saha sarvakaarena awishwaasitah aasit. 1902 tame varshe bhaarateey-abhikartaa vilium morris graham ityeshah, akshamataayaah karanat paayipwat ityenam pramukhapadat apadasthum prayatat. antatah saha saphalah abhavat yadaa 1892 tame varshe nishidhah pipasa-nrutyasya ayojanartham pramukham gruheetah, ayam samarohah. 1902 april 15 dinaanke sangha-sarvakaarena paayipwat-varyaha pramukhah iti padaat apasaaritah. tasmin varshe september-maase, peyipwat-varyaha governor-general lard minto ityanena saha militavaan. governor-general nrutyasya pratibandhasya nirakaranartham vaadayitum preritah, parantu asaphalah abhavat. 1908 april-maase, paayipwat swasya arakshitasthane mrutah.

biabod biabod, payipwad allathu payipwad (seoxyl ulla thulai allathu seoxin ragasiyangkalai arintha oruvar), kisikavasana (vaanaththil flash) endru piranthaar, avarathu asiniboin koottaaligalaal mappina oovaet hookki (vaanaththil minnal) (-aepral 1908) endru azhaikkappadugiraar, cree-asiniboin/ilam naaikal isaikkuzhuvin poorveega kanadiya thalaivar, oru sakthivaaintha isaikkuzhu mattrum samaveliyin "keezhnilai makkal (mamihkinivag)" pirivin pirivu. 1860aam aandukkup piragu samavelip paguthiyin ainthu mukiya thalaivarkalil ivarum oruvar. aarambagaala vaazhkkai. ippoathu manitoba mattrum suscotseven ellaikku arugil pirantha paipwad muthalil kisikavasana allathu vaanaththil flash endru peyaridappattathu. avarathu paattiyudan, payipvat kuzhandhaiyaaga irunththapoathu seoxal kadatthappattaar. avar thanathu kaithigalin matthiyil valarnthaar, avarkalin marunthaik karrukkondaar. pathinaankaavathu vayathil, paayipvat oru cree soathanaiyin poathu pidikkapattu thanathu sontha makkalidam thirumbinaar. seox matthiyil vaalnththapoathu avar pettra arivai angkeekarikkum vagaiyil, avarukku paipwad endra peyar vazhangkappattathu, athaavathu seoxyl ulla thulai. avarathu peyar perumpaalum "seoxin ragasiyangkalai arintha oruvar" endru mozhipeyarkkappattullathu. cypress malaikalin padaiyeduppu. 1860 vaakkil paayipvath cree matthiyil oru aanmeegath thalaivaraaga maarinaar. athae neraththil, avar cree-asiniboin allathu ilam naaikalin thalaivaraanaar, kurippaaga cree mattrum cree paesum asiniboin mattrum sila samaveligalil ulla oojibvae aagiyavattrin sakthivaaintha kalappu isaikkuzhu. inththa isaikkuzhuvai cree "nahiyaavi-paavtak" (cree-asiniboin) endrum, asiniboin "sahiyaiyeskaabi" allathu "shahiya iscabina" (cree-paechchaalarkal ", avarkal paesum kreekku maariyathaal) endrum azhaiththanar. isaikkuzhuvin uruppinarkal sirantha erumaigalai vaettaiyaadupavargal mattrum poarveerargal, kuthiraith thirudarkal mattrum thontharavu seibavargal yena pugazhpettravargal. avarathu kuzhu kuraindhu varum erumaigal koottangalai nambiyirunthathaal, paayipvaat cree thangal nilaparappai cypress malaikalukku virivupaduththa vaendum endru vaathittaar. paayipvath aduthaduththa padaiyeduppin oru mukkiyamaana thalaivaraaga irunthaar; iruppinum, oru kanavil, avar thoalviyaip pattriya oru paarvai kondirundhaar. thanathu tholainoakkup paarvaiyin mattra thalaivarkalai avaraal samaathaanappaduththa mudiyavillai, aanaal marunaal oru kainai kiraamatthaith thaakkiya poaril pankerka avar marutthuvittaar. thoppai nadhip poar" kreekku paerazhivukaramaaka irunththathu, avarkal thangal poarveerargalil moontril oru pangai izhanththanar, maelum adippadaiyil padaiyeduppin mudivaik kuriththanar. 4. oppantham 1875 aam aandil paayipvaat villiyam jay. aii sandhiththaar. christy, kanadiya oppantha aanaiyar. oru varudaththirku munbu pechchuvaarththai nadatthappatta 4aam oppanthaththil paayipvaat kaiyezhuththida vaendum endru christy virumbinaar. paipwad oppanthaththil pala maattrangkalaik koorinaar, avai seiyappattana endru thavaraaga nambi, septumber 9,1875 andru kaiyeluththittaar. avarathu pala koorikkaikal ethirkaala oppanththangkalin (kurippaaga oppantham 6) oru paguthiyaaga arasaangkaththaal valangkappattaalum, pala illai. avar irakkum varai, ottawal kaattikkodukkappattakatta paayipvat unarnthaar. aduththa paththaandugalil paeipvat kanediya arasaangkaththudan thodarnthu pechchuvaarththai nadaththinaar. creet makkalin suyaatchikku kireedam uththaravaatham aliththu avarkalukku oru aikkiya piraanthiyaththai valangkaavittaal avarum pira cree thalaivarkalum endha koodudhal oppanthangkalilum kaiyezhuththida maruththuvittanar. idhu nadakkaathu enbathu thelivaagath therinthapoathu, paayipvaat, cree thalaivarkal covuses mattrum munnani manithar, mattrum asiniboin muthal naadugal anaiththum cypress malaikalil iruppukkalaik kooriyadhu. koorappatta pirathaesangkal anaiththum arugilaeyae irunththana, ottawa koorikkaiyai aetrtrukkondathu, palangkudiyinarukku adhu virumbiya aikkiyap paguthiyai thirampada valangkiyathu. kilarchi. 1882 aam aandil, erumaigalin manththaikal kuraindhu varuvathaal pattiniyai ethirkonda paayipvaat mattrum ilam naaikal unavu, kuthiraigal mattrum porutkalukku eedaaga cypress malaikalai vittu veliyaera oppukkondana. iruppinum avarkal kurugiya varisaiyil thirumbinar. aduththa aandu avar meendum veliyaera oppukkondaar, inththa murai inthiya thalaivaraana asinipoayaavukkuch sentraar, angku vadamaerku kudhirai poleesaar alaiththuch sendranar. inthiya thalaivarai adainthavudan, paayipvath udanadiyaaga thanathu makkalai thangal sontha piraanthiyaththai niruvum kurikkoaludan meendum ozhungamaikka thodangkinaar. paeyipvat meendum sila vetrtrikalaip pettraar. tharpoothulla mattroru cree recerve arugae udanadiyaaga oru puthiya recerve niruva avar anumathi pettraar. oppanthath thiruththankalukku ottavaavukku azhuththam kodukka 4 mattrum 6 oppanthangkalukku udpattu pazhangkudiyinath thalaivarkaludan avar saernthaar. iruppinum, 1885 aam aandil arasaangkam maddies vadamaerku kilarcchiyai payanpaduththi cree meethu thaakkuthal nadaththiyathu. paayipvaaththin kaappagaththirku arugil oru iraanuva koattai niruvappattathu. kilarchchiyaalargalaaga irunththa mattra pala thalaivarkal kaithu seiyappattanar. uyir pizhaiththa oray thalaivar paipvat mattumae, avar kaavalthurai mattrum raanuvaththaal unnippaagak kankaanikkappattaar. aduththa sila aandugal. paayipvath cree matthiyil oru mariyaathaikkuriya aanmeegath thalaivaraagath thodarnthaar, maelum adhiga suyaatchikku thodarnthu vaathidugiraar mattrum cree kalaachchaaraththaip paathukaappathai ookkuvikkiraar. avar arasaangkaththaal avanambikkai seiyappattaar. 1902 aam aandil inthiya mugavar villiyam morris kiraham, iyalaamai kaaranamaaga paayipvattai thalaimaip poruppil irunthu neekka muyantraar. 1892 aam aandil thadaiseiyappatta oru thaaga nadanam nadaththiyatharkaaga thalaivarai kaithu seithapoathu avar iruthiyil vettri pettraar. aepral 15,1902 andru, matthiya arasu paayipvaththai thalaivar pathaviyil irunthu neekkiyathu. anthap aandu septambaril covernor general lard mindovai paipvat sandhiththaar. nadanangalukkaana thadaiyai neekkuvatharku vaathida covernor general varpurutthappattaar, aanaal adhu thoalviyadainthathu. 1908 aepralil, paayipvath thanathu recerve paguthiyil iranthaar.

piyapat piapot, poipwatt ledhaa poipwatt (seoxloni randhram ledhaa seox yokka rahasyalu telisina vyakti), kisikavasan (aakaasamlo flash) gaa janminchaaru, athani asiniboin mitraraajyaalu maa-piah ovaade hoxi (skye baaylo merupu) (-april 1908) anie pilustaaru, cree-asiniboin/young dogs byaand yokka sthaanika kenadian cheef, idhi oka saktivantamaina byaand mariyu maidaana cree yokka "diguva prajalu (mamihkiniwak)" yokka vibhajana. 1860 taruvaata maidaana kreeki chendina aiduguru pradhana naayakulalo ayana okaru. prarambha jeevitam. bahusha ippudu manitoba mariyu suscotchevan sarihadduku sameepamlo janminchina paayipvaatku modata kisikavasan ledhaa aakaasamlo flash anie paeru pettaru. thana ammammatho paatu, payipvatnu chinnatanamlo seox apaharinchaadu. athanu thana bandhakula madhya perigaadu, vaari aushadham neerchukunnaadu. padnaalugu samvatsaraala vayassulo, cree daadi samayamlo paipwat pattubadi thana sonta prajala vaddaku tirigi vacchaadu. seox madhya nivasistunnappudu athanu pondina ghnaanaaniki gurtimpugaa, ataniki paipwat anae paeru ivvabadindi, idhi aksharala seoxlo randhram. athani paeru tarachugaa "seox yokka rahasyalu telisina vyakti" gaa anuvadinchabadutundi. cyprus kondalapai dandayaatra. 1860 natiki paipwat kreelo aadhyaatmika nayakudiga maaradu. adhe samayamlo, athanu cree-asiniboin ledhaa yuva kukkalaku adhipati ayyadu, mukhyamgaa cree mariyu cree-matlade asiniboin mariyu konni maidaana ojibwe yokka saktivantamaina mishrama brundam. eee byaandnu cree "nihiyavi-pawat" (cree-asiniboin) anie, asiniboin "sahiyaiyeskabi" ledhaa "sahiya iscabina" (cree-speakers ", endukante vaaru matlade kreeki maararu) anie pilicheevaaru. eee brundamlooni sabhyulu goppa gede vetagallu mariyu yodhulu, alaage gurrapu dongalu mariyu ibbandi pettevaarugaa prasiddhi chendaaru. athani brundam ksheenistunna gedela mandalapai aadhaarapadatamtho, pipewatt cree tama bhoobhaganni cyprus kondalaloki vistarinchaalani vaadinchaaru. tadupari dandayaatralo paipwat oka mukhyamaina nayakudu; ayithe, oka kalalo, athanu cree otami yokka drushtini kaligi unnadu. athanu thana daarsanikatalooni itara nayakulanu oppinchalekapoyadu, conny marusati roeju cree kainayi graamampai daadi chesina yuddhamlo paalgonadaaniki niraakarinchaadu. boddu nadhi yuddham" kreeki vinaasakaramainadi, vaaru tama yodhulalo moodinta oka vanthu mandini kolpoyaru, mariyu mukhyamgaa dandayaatra mugimpunu suuchimchimdi. 4. oppandam. 1875loe poipwatt vilium zhe. nuu kalisaaru. christy, kenadian treaty commissioner. christy oka samvatsaram kritam charchinchina oppandam 4 paie santakam cheyaalani pipvatnu korukunnadu. pipewatt oppandamlo aneka maarpulanu demand chesi, avi cheyabaddaayani tappugaa nammi, september 9,1875naa daanipai santakam chesaaru. bhavishyat oppandaalalo bhaagamgaa (mukhyamgaa oppandam 6) athani abhyardhanalanu prabhutvam andinchinappatikii, anekam cheyaledu. thana maranam varaku, ottava chetha mosam cheyabadindani paipwat bhaavinchaadu. taruvaati dasaabdamloo pipewatt kenadian prabhutvamtho charchalu konasaaginchaaru. cree prajala svayampratipattini kireetam haamii icchi, vaariki samyukta bhoobhaganni manjuru cheyakapothe athanu mariyu itara cree nayakulu etuvanti adanapu oppandaalapai santakam cheyadaaniki niraakarinchaaru. idhi jaragadani spashtamainappudu, poipwatt, cree nayakulu couses mariyu agragami manishi, mariyu assiniboin modati deshaalu annee cyprus kondalalo nilvalanu abhyardhinchaayi. abhyardhinchina bhuubhaagaalannii prakkane unnaayi, ottava abhyardhanaku angeekarinchindi, tegaku adhi korina samyukta bhoobhaganni samarthavantamgaa manjuru chesindi. tirugubaatu. 1882loe, gedela mandalu ksheeninchadam valla akalini edurkontunna poipwatt mariyu chinna kukkalu aaharam, gurralu mariyu sarafaraalaku badulugaa cyprus kondalanu vidichipettadaaniki angeekarinchaayi. ayithe vaaru swalpa kramamlo tirigi vacchaaru. marusati samvatsaram athanu mallii velladaaniki angeekarinchaadu, esaari bharatiya adhipati, asinibioyaku vellaadu mariyu akkada vaayuvya mounted pooliisulu ventabaddaaru. okasari athanu bharatiya talaloki vacchina ventane, paipwat ventane thana prajalanu vaari swantha bhoobhaganni sthaapinchaalanae lakshyamtho mallee vyavastheekarinchadam praarambhinchaadu. peyipwat mallee kontha vijayanni saadhinchindi. ippatike unna maroka cree reserve prakkane ventane kotta rijarvnu erpaatu cheyadaaniki ayana anumati pondaaru. oppanda savaranala kosam ottavapai ottidi teesukuraavadaaniki athanu 4 mariyu 6 oppandaalaku lobadi itara tegala naayakulatoe cheraadu. ayithe, 1885loe prabhutvam kreepai dumaram rependuku mettis vaayuvya tirugubaatunu dopidi chesindi. paipwat reserve pakkana oka sainika kotanu erpaatu chesaaru. tirugubatudaruluga aneka mandhi itara nayakulanu arrestu chesaaru. tappinchukunna ekaika nayakudu paipwat, atanni pooliisulu, sainyam nisitamgaa paryaveekshinchaayi. taruvaati samvatsaraalu. paipwat kreelo gouravaneeyamaina aadhyaatmika nayakudiga konasagaru mariyu ekkuva swayampratipatti kosam mariyu cree samskrutini parirakshinchadaanni prothsahinchadam konasaaginchaaru. aayanaku prabhutvam meeda apanamakam erpadindi. 1902loe bhaarata agent vilium morris graham asamarthatha kaaranamgaa paipvatnu adhipatigaa tolaginchadaaniki prayatninchaadu. 1892loe nishedhinchabadina oka veduka ayina daaham nrutyam nirvahinchinanduku cheephnu arrestu chesinappudu athanu chivariki vijayam saadhinchaadu. april 15,1902naa federal prabhutvam paayipvatnu cheefga tolaginchindi. aaa samvatsaram septemberlo governor general lard mintonu paipwat kalisaaru. nrutyaalapai nishedhaanni ettiveyaalani vaadinchadaaniki governor generalnu oppinchaaru, conny adhi viphalamaindi. 1908 eprillo, paipwat thana reservelo maraninchaadu.

pyapot pyapot paipot yaa paipot (seevaks mein surakh yaa wah juu seevaks kay raazon kuu jaanta hay)yee juu kaskwasana (aasman mein chamak) kay naam say paida hawaa jasay iss kay aseniboin itehadiyon nay mapiya awaad hoki (iskayi bawaae mein bajli) (-apreel 1908) kay naam say jaana jaataa hay karee-aseniboin/yang daagaz bend kaa eek maqami canadian sarbarah thaa juu eek taqatwar bend aur medani karee kay "neechey waalay logon (memahkini waak)" kii taqsim thaa. wah 1860 kay baad medani karee kay paanch baday rehnumaon mein say eek thay. ibtadayi zindagi. ghaliba minetoba aur saskachwan kii sarhad kay qareeb paida huay payipot kuu asl mein kaskawasan yaa aasman mein chamak kaa naam diyaa gayaa thaa. apnee daadi kay saath payipot kuu bachpan mein seevaks nay aghwa kirr liyaa thaa. wah apnay aghwa kaaron kay darmiyan plaa badhaa inn kii dawai seekh rehaa thaa. chodah saal kii amar mein payipot kuu karee chhapay kay doraan pakad liyaa gayaa aur wah apnay hyee logon kay paas waps chalaa gayaa. asay peput kaa naam diyaa gayaa lafzi toor parr seevaks mein surakh iss alam kay aiteraf mein juu iss nay seevaks kay darmiyan rehtay hoay haasil kiyaa thaa. iss kay naam kaa tarjumah aksar "wah juu seevaks kay raaz jaanta hay" kay toor parr kiyaa jaataa hay. cypers pahadiyon parr hamlah. 1860 takk payipot karee kay darmiyan eek rohani rehnuma bunn chakay thay. asee waqat wah karee-aseniboin yaa chhotay katoon kaa sarbarah bunn gayaa thaa juu khaas toor parr karee aur karee bolnay waalay aseniboin kay saath saath kachh medani elaqon kaa eek taqatwar makhlut bend thaa. iss bend kuu karee "nehyawi-potak" (karee-aseniboin) aur aseniboin "sahyaiskabi" yaa "sahiya icabina" ("karee speckers"yee keunkah inhon nay speaking karee kii taraf rakh kiyaa thaa) kay naam say jaana jaataa thaa. bend kay arakeen bhens kay azeem shikariyon aur jangjoon kay saath saath ghoday chooron aur preshani paida karnay waalon kay toor parr mashhur thay. chonkah iss kaa bend kumm hotay hoay bhenson kay rewad parr munhasir thaa peput nay karee kii wakalat kii kahh wah apnay elaqay kuu cypers pahadiyon takk phailaye. peput aaney waalay hamlay kaa eek aham rehnuma thaa vovo tahim eek khwaab mein iss kaa karee shakast kaa wazan thaa. wah apnay wazan kay dosray rehnumaon kuu raazi karnay say qaasir thaa leakin iss nay aglay dunn iss jung mein hasah leenay say ankaar kirr diyaa jiss mein karee nay eek kinayi gaaon parr hamlah kiyaa. bellery nadee kii jung" karee kay liye tabaah kunn thee jiss nay apnay eek tahayi jangjoon kuu khoo diyaa aur bunyadi toor parr hamlay kay khaatime kuu nashaan zad kiyaa. muahidah 4. 1875 mein paypot nay waleem jay say mulaqat kii. christy canadian treaty commissioner. christy chahta thaa kahh peput muahidah 4 parr dastakhat karay jiss parr eek saal qabal baath cheet hoyee thee. payipot nay muahide mein kayee tabdiliyon kaa mutalibah kiyaa aur ghalat yaqeen kartay hoay kahh wah kii gayee haine 9 satambar 1875 kuu iss parr dastakhat kiye. agarcha inn kii behat see darkhwastein hukumat nay mustaqabil kay muahidon (khaas toor parr muahidah 6) kay hasay kay toor parr farahim kii thein leakin kayee nahein thein. apnee moth takk payipot nay otawa kay zariye dhokah dahee mahsus kii. agli dahayi takk payipot nay canada kii hukumat kay saath mazakirat jaari rakhay. iss nay aur deegar karee rehnumaon nay kasee bhee izaafi muahidon parr dastakhat karnay say ankaar kirr diyaa jabb takk kahh taaj karee logon kii khood mukhtari kii zamanat naha day aur inhein eek muthadah elaqah naha day. jabb yaha waazah how gayaa kahh aisa nahein hogaa tuu pay pooth karee leaders kawees aur sabb say aham aadmi aur aseniboin frust nations sabb nay cypers pahadiyon mein zakhayer kii darkhwast kii. darkhwast kardah elaqay tamaam malhaqah thay aur otawa nay iss darkhwast parr ittefaq kiyaa aur moasir tareeqe say qabeelay kuu wah muthadah elaqah ataa kiyaa jiss kii wah khwahish kirr rehaa thaa. baghawat. 1882 mein bhenson kay gadhay kay zawal kii wajah say faaqah kashee kaa saamna kartay huay payipot aur chhotay katay khuraak ghodon aur rasd kay badlay cypers pahadiyon kuu chhodnay parr raazi how gayey. tahim wah mukhtasir tartib mein waps aayey. aglay saal wah dobarah jaanay parr raazi how gayaa iss baar hindustani sarbarah asenibia aur shamaal maghrabi sawaar police kay zariye wahaan iss kii hifazat kii gayee. eek baar jabb wah hindustani sarr parr pahuncha tuu peput nay fouri toor parr apnay logon kuu dobarah manzam karnay kaa aradah kiyaa jiss kaa maqsad apnaa elaqah qayem karnaa thaa. peput nay eek baar phir kachh kamiyabi haasil kii. iss nay eek aur maujudah karee reserve say malhaqah eek neeya reserve qayem karnay kii ajazat haasil kii. inhon nay 4 aur 6 muahidon kay taabaa qabail kay deegar rehnumaon kay saath mill kirr muahidah mein tarmim kay liye otawa parr dabao daala. tahim 1885 mein hukumat nay mets shamaal maghrabi baghawat kaa fayedah uthatay hoay karee parr crack ddaun kiyaa. payipot kay reserve kay saath eek foji qalah qayem kiyaa gayaa thaa. kayee deegar rehnumaon kuu baghiyon kay toor parr giraftar kiyaa gayaa. payipot waahid rehnuma thaa juu bach gayaa aur police aur foj kay zariye iss kii kadee nigrani kii gayee. baad kay saalon mein. payipot karee kay darmiyan eek muaziz rohani rehnuma rahay aur inhon nay ziyadah say ziyadah khood mukhtari kii wakalat aur karee culture kay tahfuz kuu farogh deena jaari rakhaa. asay hukumat kii taraf say bay aitebar kiyaa gayaa thaa. 1902 mein hindustani agent waleem mory graham nay pay poth kuu naahili kay alzaam mein sarbarah kay ahday say mazul karnay kii koshish kii. aakhir kaar wah iss waqat kamiyab hoay jabb inhon nay pyaas kay raqs kay anaqad kay alzaam mein cheef kuu giraftar kiyaa eek aisi taqrib jiss parr 1892 mein pabandi aayed kirr dee gayee thee. 15 apreel 1902 kuu wafaqi hukumat nay paipot kuu cheef kay ahday say hataa diyaa. peput nay asee saal satambar mein governor general laard manto say mulaqat kii. governor general kuu raqs parr pabandi khatam karnay kii wakalat karnay parr aamadah kiyaa gayaa leakin wah nakaam rahay. apreel 1908 mein payipot apnee reserve parr inteqal kirr gayey.

fffc594f7b76d729a1f9db104761f83abff556ed5b81ea1ada620bd524a82ba7

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31334965

Tysons Central 7 (WMATA station)

Tysons Central 7 (WMATA station)

tyson central 7 (doubleu. aim. aeye. tii. station)

tyson central 7 (doubleu. emm. aii. tii. station)

tyson central 7 (dablioo. aimm. aii. tii. station)

fffc5ba0109aa27a058bf724126fb716c94d04a9386995a1e4193f72eaf7a715

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5393808

KBVB

KBVB Country music radio station in Barnesville, Minnesota, United States KBVB (95.1 FM, "Bob 95 FM") is a radio station broadcasting a country format. Licensed to Barnesville, Minnesota, it serves the Fargo-Moorhead metropolitan area. It first began broadcasting in 1980 under the call sign KDLM-FM on 95.3 Detroit Lakes, Minnesota. The station is currently owned by James and Brooke Ingstad, through licensee Radio Fargo-Moorhead, Inc. All the offices and studios are located at 2720 7th Ave. South in Fargo, while its transmitter is located on U.S. Route 75 just south of Moorhead. History. 95.1 began its life around 1980 as KDLM-FM on the 95.3 frequency licensed to Detroit Lakes, Minnesota. The station was purchased from Leighton Broadcasting in 1995 by MidStates Broadcasting, a division of OtterTail Power Company. At that time the studio was moved in with new sister-stations KFGO/KFGO-FM and KVOX/KVOX-FM. KDLM moved to the 95.1 frequency and underwent a format flip to alternative rock as "95X" under the call letter KFGX. This format was relatively short lived as the station transitioned to Adult Contemporary in 1997, then mainstream rock as "Rock 95" in 1998. MidStates Broadcasting was later bought out by James Ingstad in 1999. Clear Channel Communications bought Ingstad's Fargo stations in 2000, and debuted River 95.1 debuted with an adult contemporary format. KRVI tweaked to its current AAA format in 2003, similar to that of co-owned KTCZ "Cities 97" in Minneapolis, Minnesota. After success with the AAA format on Cities 97 in Minneapolis, Clear Channel recreated the format in Fargo and several other markets. These stations tend to draw in a large middle aged, well-educated audience which made them appealing to advertisers and profitable, despite the fact that they may not have had large overall audiences. River 95.1 also annually aired Christmas music after Thanksgiving until Christmas Day. On September 28, 2006, KRVI and the other Clear Channel stations in Fargo were sold back to James Ingstad, who lives in Fargo. (He previously did not own KDAM, as didn't sign on until 2002.) The sale was approved by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on January 19, 2007. Starting at Midnight on March 8, 2007, KRVI began stunting by repeating "Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport" by Rolf Harris continuously. On March 12, 2007, the station became KBVB "Bob 95 FM". Bob 95 FM became an instant favorite, partially due to their early TV commercials, that often parody a popular song, such as adding words to the Chicken Dance, and at Christmas, re-writing "Jingle Bells". Their commercials also often featured the "Bob Puppets" that include a cowboy and two bobbers. There was also a "Wheels On The Bus" parody commercial for BOB 95 that had several different versions that feature groups of people from the Fargo-Moorhead area singing the jingle, including the West Fargo Fire Department. In recent years, KBVB hasn't run any local TV spots. However, the cowboy puppet (that starred in most of the ads) still serves as the station's mascot at parades and events. The Spring 2010 Arbitron ratings gave KBVB an 8.4 share, making them the 3rd place radio station in the market based on AQH share behind KFGO and KQWB-FM, who had a 12.1 and a 9.6 respectively. This marks the first time BOB95 surpassed competitor Froggy 99.9 who registered a 7.9 share. Arbitron Ratings. Since then, the ratings battle between the two stations has remained competitive- with the stations often trading the crown. In 2012, it was announced that KBVB, along with Ingstad's other Fargo stations would be sold to Midwest Communications for $25 million in a deal that took effect on May 1. A day later, Ingstad purchased crosstown rival Go Radio Fargo, including stations KVOX-FM, KPFX, KLTA, KBMW, KQWB-FM and KQWB-AM for $9.5 million. The following day, Ingstad and Midwest Communications announced that they would be trading country stations KBVB and KVOX in an even trade. That trade took effect on August 5, 2013, sending KVOX to Midwest, and KBVB back into the hands of Jim Ingstad. Despite reports that listeners would not notice changes, KVOX's morning show "Jesse, Amanda and Pike" was cancelled, along with KBVB's Lucy Black and Collin Taylor (who stayed with Midwest and went to KRWK and KVOX, respectively). "Jesse, Amanda and Pike" reappeared a few weeks later at KBVB sister station KLTA. Over the 4th of July weekend, 2015, KBVB and parent company Radio FM Media had finished their acquisition of KSKK-FM from De La Hunt Broadcasting. The KSKK signal was moved to Frazee, Minnesota, renamed KDLB, and began simulcasting KBVB. This replaced listenership lost when 95.1 moved their signal closer to the Fargo metro when they flipped to "BOB 95". The KDLB signal competes primarily with KRCQ-FM. On November 4, 2015, it was announced that KBVB would become the official radio station of WE Fest, which is advertised to be the "largest country and camping festival in America". The three-year deal would begin with the 2016 festival. This ended a long run of the station being "banned" from the festival and the airstaff referring to it on air as "bleep fest". KBVB is the market affiliate for "The American Country Countdown with Kix Brooks" on Sunday mornings, and "The Country Fried Mix" on Saturday nights produced by DJ Sinister. HD radio. On October 15, 2014, KBVB began broadcasting in HD, making them the first commercial station in the Fargo-Moorhead market utilizing HD Radio technology. A week later on October 22, KBVB launched a Triple-A formatted HD2 sub-channel called "The Loft" with a translator on K233CY 94.5 operated from the STL relay tower outside the KBVB studio in Fargo. On October 30, the sub channel rebranded as "The City" due to a trademark claim from SiriusXM. The HD3 sub-channel simulcasted KQWB-AM, a classic country station known as "Willie @ 1660", which later became a Fox Sports Radio affiliate. The HD3 signal moved to sister station KPFX-HD3 in July 2016. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

key. bi. bhi. bi. key. bi. bhi. bi. (95.1 ef. em., "bobo 95 ef. em.") hoise dexor rupor xomprosar koraa etaa readyo 'steson. minesutar barnesviloloi onugyapotroprapto, ee fargu-moorhead mohanogori oncholot xewa aagborhai. ee prothombaror baabe 1980 sonot koll sinho kdlm-fmor odhinot 95.3 detroit hrod, minnesutat xomprosar koriboloi aarombho korisil. bortoman ei stationtur maalik hoise james endo brook ingstad, licency readyo 'fargu-murhead, inokor joriyote. xokolu karzaloy aaru studio '2720 7moo oh' bhi-too owosthito. dokhyin fargut, aanhate iyar trensmitter eu-too owosthito.ess. 75 nong pothtu murheador thik dokhyine. itihax. 95.1-e 1980 sonor aaxe-paxe detroit hrod, minesutaloi onugyapotroprapto 95.3 freekuwencyr kdlm-fm hisape iyar jiwan aarombho korisil. 1995 sonot oh "turtle pawar companyr etaa bibhag middets broadcasting-e ei stationtu leiton xomprosaror poraa kroy korisil. xei xomoyot studio 'tu notun bhogni-steson bhogni-steson aaru kvox/kvox-fm ror xoite sthanantorito koraa hoisil. key. di. el. em. 95.1 kompankoloi sthanantorito hoisil aaru koll letter key. ef. ji. ex.-ror odhinot "95x" hisape bikolpo xiloloi formate flipp koraa hoisil. 1997 sonot stationtu praptoboyosko xomoxamoyikoloi poriworton huwar baabe ei binyax tulonamulokbhabe komm xomoyor aasil, taar pisot 1998 sonot mulxutir rok hisape "rok 95" hisape poriworton hoisil. 1999 sonot james ingstador dwara midnets xomprosarok kroy koraa hoisil. clear senel communicatione 2000 sonot ingstador fargu stationxomuh kroy korisil, aaru praptoboyosko xomoxamoyik formator xoite nodee 95.1-ror aarombhoni korisil. 2003 sonot crovy-ye iyar bortomanor aaa formetoloi xoloni korisil, minnesutat minnepolisor xoho-malikanadhin ketz "chiti 97" ror dore. miniyapulisor 97 khon sohorot aaa formator xoite xofolotar pisot, clear senele fargu aaru aan keibatau bojarot formatetu punor sristi korisil. ei stationbure brihot modhyoboyosko, xuxikhyito dorxokok aakorxon korar probonota dekhuway jiye teulukok bigyapondataxokolor usorot aakorxoniyo aaru labhjonok kori tulisil, jodiu teulukor xamogrik dorxok brihot nasil. nodee 95.1-e bosori dhonyobad gyaponor pisot khristomas diboxoloike khristomas xongit xomprosar korisil. 2006 sonor 28 septemborot crovy aaru fargur aan clear senel stationbur fargut baax koraa james engstadoloi bikri koraa hoisil. (teu purbote key. di. em.-ror maalik nasil, jihetu 2002 sonoloike swakhyor koraa nasil.) 2007 sonor 19 januaryt federal communication commissione (ef. chi. chi.) ei bikri onumudon korisil. 2007 sonor 8 marchor majnixar poraa kroviye rolf herisor dwara nirontorbhabe "taai mii kangaru daaun, krira" punorabritti kori bordhito hoh "boloi aarombho korisil. 2007 sonor 12 marchot stationtu key. bi. bhi. bi "bobo 95 fm" hoi pore. bobo 95 fm etaa tatkhyonik priyo hoi porisil, angxikbhabe teulukor prarombhik tibhi bigyaponor baabe, ji praye etaa jonopriyo geet perudi korisil, jene kukura nrityot xobdo jug koraa, aaru khristomasot, "jingle bail" punor likha. teulukor bigyaponot praye "bobo putola"-u dekhuuwa hoisil zo "too ejon kauboy aaru dujon bobor ontorbhukto aasil. bobo 95-ror baabe etaa "basor sakabur" perudi banijyik aasil zo 'too keibatau bhinno xongskoron aasil zo' too poschim fargu ogni bibhagoke dhori fargu-moorhead oncholor lukoxokolor gotebure jingoltu gaay. xehotiya bosorburot, key. bi. bhi. bi.-ye kunu sthaniyo tibhi spot sola naai. obosye, kauboy putolatuwe (ji besibhag bigyaponot obhinoy korisil) etiyau pared aaru eventot stationor mascot hisape kaam kore, aaru stationor bahonburor etatu dekha yaay. 2010 sonor boxontokalin arbitron ratingye key. bi. bhi. bi. koo 8.4taa sweyar disil, jaar folot ee kromanwoye 12.1 aaru 9.6 thoka key. ef. ji. oh '. aaru key. kiu. dobliu. bi.-ef. em.-ror pisor e. key. eis. eis. swearor uporot aadharito kori bojarot tritiyo sthanor readyo' steson hisape porigonito hoisil. eituwe prothombaror baabe baabe protijugi fruggy 99.9-koo otikrom korisil jiye 7.9 sweyar ponjiyon korisil. arbitron rating. tetiyar poraa, duyuta stationor maajor ratingor juj protijugitamulok hoiyei aase-stationbure praye mukutor byoboxai kore. 2012 sonot ghuxona koraa hoisil je key. bi. bhi. bi., ingstador aan fargu stationxomuhor xoite 1 mey 'ror poraa karzokori huwa ekhon suktit midwest communicationxomuhok 25 nijut dolarot bikri koraa hoh' bob. edinor pisot, ingstade kro 'sotaunor protidondi gu readyo' fargu kroy kore, zo 'too cavox-ef. em., key. pi. ef. ex., key. el. ti. e., key. bi. em. dobliu., key. kiu. dobliu. bi.-ef. em. aaru key. kiu. dobliu. bi.-em. stationxomuh 9.5 nijut dolarot. pisdina, ingstad aaru midwest communicatione ghuxona korisil je teuluke ek xomo banijyot key. bi. bhi. bi aaru key. bhi. oh ". ess. ror dexor stationxomuhor byoboxai koribo. xei banijyo 5 aagosto, 2013-too covaxok modhyo-poschimoloi preron kori aaru key. bi. bhi. bi. koo jim ingstador haatot ghurai pothiyai karzokori hoisil. shrutaxokole poribortonxomuh lokhyo nokore buli protibedon puwa swotweu, kbhibhibir luchi black aaru kolin tailoror (ji modhyo-poschimor xoite aasil aaru kruk aaru cavicsoloi goisil) xoite cavicsor ratipuwar swo 'jese, amanda aaru paik baatil koraa hoisil. "keixoptahmanor pisot key. bi. bhi. bi. bhogni steson clatat "jese, amanda aaru paik" punor dekha goisil. 2015 sonor 4 julyr xoptahantot, key. bi. bhi. bi. aaru mool company readyo 'fm miriyai di laa hunt xomprosaror poraa key. ess. key.-ef. em.-ror odhigrohon xompurno korisil. key. ess. key. xongkettu frazie, minesutaloi sthanantorito koraa hoisil, key. di. el. bi. naam xoloni koraa hoisil, aaru key. bi. bhi. bi. ror xoite ekerahe xomprosar koriboloi aarombho koraa hoisil. iyar folot shrutaxokolor poriworton hoisil jetiya 95.1-e teulukor xongket forgu metro "ror usoroloi sthanantor korisil jetiya teuluke" bobo 95 "loi ghuri goisil. key. di. el. bi. xongkettuwe prathomikbhabe key. aar. chi. kiu.-ef. em.-ror xoite protijugita kore. 2015 sonor 4 novemborot ghuxona koraa hoisil je key. bi. bhi. bi. wey festor sorkari readyo 'steson hoh' bob, jaak "aamerikar xorbobrihot dex aaru camping utxob" hisape bigyapon diya hoy. tini bosoriya suktikhon 2016 sonor utxowor poraa aarombho hoh 'bob. iyar folot stationtur utxowor poraa "nixidho" huwar ek digholiya porixor xomapto hoisil aaru airstafe iyak botahot "blip fest" buli ullekh korisil. key. bi. bhi. bi hoise deubare ratipuwa "kicks brookchor xoite aamerikan country countdown" ror baabe bojaror xohojugi, aaru xonibare nixa dije sinistare utpadito "country fried mix". eis. di. readyo '. 2014 sonor 15 octoborot, key. bi. bhi. bi.-ye eis. di.-too xomprosar aarombho korisil, jaar folot ee eis. di. readyo 'projukti byobohar kori fargu-murhead bojaror prothom banijyik steson hisape porigonito hoisil. exoptahor pisot 22 octoborot, key. bi. bhi. bi.-ye fargur key. bi. bhi. bi. studio 'ror baahiror ess. ti. el. rile tawaror poraa porisalito key. 233chi. 94.5-too onubadokor xoite "dyo loft" naamor tripol-e phormetjukto eis. di. 2 upo-senel mukoli kore. 30 octoborot cyriasexm-ror trademark dabir baabe upo-seneltuwe "sohor" hisape punor brending korisil. korisil। upo-senelor xoite ekerahe prosarito koo 'cudeblueby-em, "willy @1660" naamere jonajat ekhon classic country steson, ji pisoloi fox krira readyo' ror xohojugi hoi pore. eis. di. 3. xongkettu 2016 sonor july maahot bhogni steson key. pi. ef. ex-eis. di. 3-loi sthanantorito koraa hoisil.

keey. bii. vee. bii keey. bii. vee. bii (95.1 fm, "bobb 95 fm") ekti redio steshana jaa ekti desher binnase samprachar korey. bernesville, minnesota-teey licensprapt, etty fergo-murhead metropoliton elaka kaaj korey. etty prothom samprachar shuru hoy 1980 saale qala saina kdlm-fm-err adhine 95.3 detroit hrod, minnesota-teey. stationti bortomane licensprapt redio fergo-murhead, incorporateder madhyome james ebong brook ingstader malikanadhin. samasta offices ebong studio 2720 7maum avey abosthito. fergote dakkhine, ebong err transmitterty eu-teey abosthito.esha. rutt 75 murhead theke thhik dakkhine. itihas. 95.1 err jeebon shuru hoy 1980 saaler dike 95.3 frequencite kdlm-fm hisabe detroit hrod, minnesota-rawr jonno licensprapt. stationti 1995 saale letoner samprachar theke ottertail pawar companyr ekti bibhag midnets broadcasting dwara kenaa hoyechilo. seii somoye studioti notun boone-steshana kfgo/kfgo-fm ebong cavox/cavox-fm niye sthanantorito hoyechilo. keey. dii. ell. emm. 95.1 frequencite choley yaay ebong qala letter keey. eff. zii. eksa-err adhine "95x" hisabe bikalpa roke ekti format ultano hoy. 1997 saale stationti praptoboyoskoder somosamoyik hoye othar foley eyi binnasti tulonamulokbhabe swalpasthayi chhilo, tarpor 1998 saale "rock 95" hisabe muldhara rock hisabe. 1999 saale james ingstad dwara midnets samprachar porey kenaa hoyechilo. clear channel communications 2000 saale ingstader fergo stationguli kiney neyo ebong 95.1 nodiite ekti praptoboyosko somosamoyik binnaser saathe atmoprokash korey. 2003 saale minnesotara minnepoliser soho-malikanadhin keey. tii. shee. zii "cities 97"-err moto crovy taar bortoman aaa binnase poriborton korey. miniapoliser 97 shahargulite aaa binnaser safalyer porr, clear channel fergo ebong anyanno besh koyekti bajare binnasti punra toiri korey. eyi stationguli ekti borh madhyavayasi, sushikkhito dorshokder akarshan korey jaa taader biggapondatader kachhe abedonmoyee ebong lavjonok korey toley, jodio taader samogrik dorshok sankhya khub beshi chhilo naa. 95. 1 nadio proti bochor dhonnobad jananor porr chrismuser deane porjonto chrismus sangeet samprachar koroto. 28shhey septembara, 2006-ayee, crovy ebong fergor anyanno clear channel stationguli fergote bosobaskari james ingstader kachhe bikri koraa hoyechilo. (tini agey keey. dii. emm-err malik chhilen naa, jemonti 2002 saal porjonto swakkhar korenni.) eyi vikrayati 19shhey januari, 2007-ayee federal communications kamishana (eff. shee. shee) dwara onumodito hoyechilo. 2007 saaler 8ee march modhyorate shuru korey crovy kromagoto rolph harriser dwara "tye mii cangaroo daaun, sporta" punorabritti korey stunting shuru corren. 2007 saaler 12ee march stationti keey. bii. vee. bii "bobb 95 fm" hoye othe. bobb 95 fm ekti tatkhonik priya hoye othe, angshikbhabe taader prathomik tibhi biggaponer karone, jaa prayashai ekti janapriya gaan parody korey, jemon murgir nritye shobdo jog koraa, ebong chrismuse, "jingle bell" punra lekha. taader biggapone prayashai "bobb putul" prodorshito hoto jaar modhye ekti cauboy ebong duti bobb royeche. bobb 95-err jonno ekti "huils ono dya baas" parody banijyiko chhilo jaar besh koyekti vinno sanskaran chhilo jekhane poschim fergo fayara department soho fergo-murhead elakar lokder dalguli jingalti gaay. samprotik bochorgulite, keey. bii. vee. bii konao sthaniya tibhi spott chalayani. tobey, cauboy putulti (jaa beshirbhag biggapone abhinoy koreche) ekhono pared ebong evente stationer mascott hisabe kaaj korey ebong steshana janbahoner ektiteo uposthito hoy. 2010 saaler bosontokalin salisha retting keey. bii. vee. bii-keey 8.4 shotangsho sheyara diyechilo, jaa taader keey. eff. zii. oo ebong keey. cue. dobleeu. bii-eff. emm-err pichhone aaa. kho. hoh-err vittite bajare tritiya sthaner redio steshana korey tulechilo, jaar jothakrome 12.1 ebong 9.6 chhilo. eyi prothombar bobb95 protijogi froggy 99.9 keey chhadiye geche jini 7.9 sheyara nibondhito korechen. salisha retting. tarpor theke, duti stationer modhye retting juddho protijogitamulok roye geche-stationguli prayashai mukuter saathe banijya korey. 2012 saale ghoshana koraa hoy jey, keey. bii. vee. bii, ingstader anyanno fergo stationgulir saathe ekti chuktite midwest communicationser kachhe 25 million dollar binimoye bikri koraa hobey jaa 1 meey theke karjokor hoyechilo. ekdin porey, ingstad crostown protidwondi goo redio fergo kinechilen, jaar modhye stationguli chhilo cavox-fm, keey. pii. eff. eksa, keey. ell. tii. ayee, keey. bii. emm. dobleeu, keey. cue. dobleeu. bii-eff. emm ebong keey. cue. dobleeu. bii-emm. porer deane, ingstad ebong midwest communications ghoshana korey jey taaraa ekti somm banijye country steshana kbvb ebong cavox trade korbe. seii banijya 5ee august, 2013-ayee karjokor hoy, jaa kevoxke modhyo-poschime ebong kbvb-keey zima ingstader haate firiye deyo. shrotara poriborton lakkhya korben naa emon khobor sotteo, kvvb-rawr luci black ebong collin telor (jaaraa jothakrome midwester saathe theke crook ebong kvoxe giechilen)-err saathe kvoxer sokaler shoe "jese, amanda ebong paik" batil koraa hoyechilo. "jese, amanda ebong paik" koyek saptaha porey kbvb cyster steshana clotta punra uposthito hoy. 2015 saaler 4thhaa julai saptahante, keey. bii. vee. bii ebong mool sangostha redio fm midia dii laa hunt samprachar theke keey. esha. keey. keey-eff. emm adhigrahan shesh korey. keey. esha. keey. keey sangketti frazie, minnesota-teey sthanantorito koraa hoyechilo, keey. dii. ell. bii-err naam poriborton koraa hoyechilo ebong keey. bii. vee. bii-rawr anukaran koraa shuru hoyechilo. etty shrotader hariye yawa sthan dokhol korey neyo jokhon 95.1 taader sangketke fergo metro kachakachi niye yaay jokhon taaraa "bobb 95"-ayee ulte yaay. keey. dii. ell. bii sangket prathomikbhabe keey. arr. shee. cue-eff. emm-err saathe protidwondita korey. 4 navembar, 2015-ayee ghoshana koraa hoyechilo jey keey. bii. vee. bii uee fester sarkari redio steshana hoye uthbe, jaa "americar brihottomo desh ebong camping utsab" hisabe biggapon deoa hoyeche. tinn bochorer chuktiti 2016 saaler utsaber madhyome shuru hobey. err foley utsab theke stationtike "nishiddho" koraa hoy ebong airstaff etike "blip phesta" hisabe ullekh korey. keey. bii. vee. bii holl robibar sokale "kicks brooks soho american country countdown" ebong shanibar raate dije sinister dwara utpadito "country fried mixes"-err bazar adhibhukto. eich. dii redio. 2014 saaler 15ee octobor, keey. bii. vee. bii eich. dii-teey samprachar shuru korey, jaa eich. dii redio prajukti byabohar korey fergo-murhead bajarer prothom banijyik steshana hoye othe. eka saptaha porey 22shhey octobor, kbvb fergote kbvb studior baire stl reele tower theke porichalito keey233shee 94.5-ayee ekjon onubadoker saathe "dya loft" naame ekti triple-ayee binnasjukto eichdi2 saab-channel chaalu korey. 30shhey octobor, ceriousxm-err trademark dabir karone saab channelti "dya city" hisabe punra branned koraa hoy. eichdi3 saab-channel symolcusted kcudoblueby-aam, ekti classic country steshana jaa "uili @1660" naame porichito, jaa porey ekti fox sportasa redio adhibhukto hoye othe. eichdi3 sangketti julai 2016 saale cyster steshana keey. pii. eff. eksa-eichdi3-teey sthanantorito hoy.

keey. bii. vee. bii. keey. bii. vee. bii. (95.1 fm, "boob 95 fm") aee aek rediyo station chhe jeey deshnaa swarupma prasaaran karey chhe. barnesville, minnesota maate licenses praapt, teey fargo-moored metropolitana vistaarne sevaa aape chhe. tenu prasaaran saupratham saupratham 95.3 detroit sarovaro, minnesota parr qola saain keey. dii. aela. aema.-aef. aema. hethal sharoo thayu hatoo. aaa station haalmaa james anned brook ingustednee malikinu chhe, licenses rediyo fargo-moored, ink dwara. tamaam kachereeo aneey studiyo 2720 2720 aev parr stheet chhe. dakshinma fargoma, jyaare tenu transmitter yuu parr stheet chhe.aesa. ruut 75 maatra moordheadnee dakshine. itihas. 95.1aee 95.1aee aaspaas 95.3 aavrutti parr ddlm-fm tareeke tenu jeevan sharoo karyoo hatoo, jeey detroit sarovaro, minnesota maate licenses dharaave chhe. aaa station station middle broadcasting dwara leiton broadcasting pasethi khareedvama aavyu hatoo, jeey autertail power companyna aek vibhag chhe. teey samaye studiyone navaa bahen-stationo bahen-stationo aneey kvox/kvox-fm saathe khasedvama aavyo hato. keey. dii. aela. aema. 95.1 aavartan taraf aagad vadhyu aneey qola latter keey. aef. jee. ex. hethal "95x" tareeke vaikalpik khadakma fervaayu. aaa formate pramanma tunku hatoo kaaran keey keey station pukht vayanaa samkalinma parivartit thayu hatoo, pachhi pachhi "roqa 95" tareeke mukhya pravaahnaa roqa tareeke. pachhithi pachhithi james ingusted dwara midates broadcasting khareedvama aavyu hatoo. clear chenal communicationsay communicationsay ingustednaa fargo stationo khareedhya hataa aneey 95.1 nadeeni sharuaat pukht vayanaa samkalin swaroop saathe thaee hatee. hatee krveeae tenaa vartmaan aaa formatemaa ferfar karyo, jeey minnesotana minnepolismaa saha-malikina ktcs "shahero 97" jevu jaj chhe. miniyapolisma 97 shahero parr aaa formate saathe safalataa pachhi, clear chenale fargo aneey anya ketlaak bajaroma formatne fareethi banaavyu. aaa stationo motaa madhyam vayanee, saaree reete shikshit prekshakone aakarshe chhe, jeey temne jaheratkartaone aakarshit karey chhe aneey nafakarak banaave chhe, aee hakeekat hovaa chhataa keey teo paase motaa ekandar prexako naa pann hoya. 95. 1 nadee pann darr varshe natalna divas sudhee aabharvidhi pachhi natalnun sangeet prasaarit karatee hatee. 28 september, september roj, cravy aneey fargona anya spasht chenal stationone james ingustedne paachha vechvaamaa aavyaa hataa, jeey fargoma rahe chhe. (agau teo keey. dii. aema. naa maaleek nahota, kaaran keey 2002 sudhee temane hastakshar karyaa nahota.) aaa vechaanne federal communications commission (aef. see. see.) dwara 19 january, march roj manjuri aapvama aavee hatee. 8 march, march madhyaratrithi sharoo kareene, krveeae rolluff harris dwara satat "tye mee kangaru daaun, sporta" noon punraavartan kareene stunting sharoo karyoo. 12 march, march roj, station keey. bii. vee. bii. "boob 95 fm" banyu. boob 95 fm temnee praarambhik tivi jaaheratone kaarane taatkaalik preey bunny gayoo, jeey ghanivaar lokpreey geetnee perodi karey chhe, jaim keey chikan dancema shabdo umervaa, aneey chrismus parr, "jingle bails" fareethi lakhvu. temnee jaheratoma ghanivaar "boob kathputalio" pann darshavvama aavtee hatee jemaa aek kaauboy aneey beey bobarno samaavesh thaay chhe. boob 95 maate aek "wheels ona dhaa bus" perodi commercial pann hatoo, jemaa viveedh aavruttio hatee, jemaa pashchim fargo fayara department saheet fargo-moordhead vistaarnaa lokonaa jutho jingle gaataa hataa. taajetarnaa varshomaa, keey. bii. vee. bii. aee koee sthaaneek tivi sthalo chalaavya nathee. jooe keey, kaauboy kathputali (jeey motabhagni jaheratoma abhinay karey chhe) haju pann pareda aneey eventsmaa stationna maskot tareeke kaama karey chhe, aneey stationna vahanomathi aek parr pann dekhaay chhe. vasant vasant arbitron ratingsma keey. bii. vee. bii. neey 8.4 shhare aapvama aavyo hato, jeey temne keey. aef. jee. oo. aneey keey. kyu. doubleu. bii.-aef. aema. paachhal ekah shernaa aadhare bajaarmaa trija sthaannu rediyo station banaave chhe, jaimnee paase anukrame 12.1 aneey 9.6 hatoo. aaa pratham vakhat chhe jyaare jyaare aee harif froggy 99.9 neey vataavi gayo jene 7.9 shhare nondhaavyo hato. arbitrons ratings. tyaarthi, beey stationo vachche ratingnee ladaai spardhaatmak rahee chhe-stationo ghanivaar taajno vepaar karey chhe. chhe, aevee jaaherat karvaamaa aavee hatee keey keey. bii. vee. bii., ingustednaa anya kaargo stationo saathe, 1 methee amalmaa aavela sodaamaa midwest communication $25 millionma vechvaamaa aavashe. aek divas pachhi, ingusted crosstown harif goo rediyo fargo khareedhya, jemaa stationo cavox-aef. aema., keey. pii. aef. ex., keey. aela. tii. aee., keey. bii. aema. doubleu., keey. kyu. doubleu. bii.-aef. aema. aneey keey. kyu. doubleu. bii.-aema. 9.5 million dollarmaa. beeja divase, ingusted aneey midwest communicationsay jaaherat curry keey teo samaan vepaarmaa keey. bii. vee. bii. aneey cavoxna vepaari desh stationo hashe. teey vepaar 5 august, august roj amalmaa aavyo, jene cavoxne madhyapashchimma mokalyo, aneey keey. bii. vee. bii. neey jima ingustednaa haathmaa paachho mokalyo. shrotaone ferfaaroni jaana naa thaay tevaa ahevaalo hovaa chhataa, cavoxno morning shho "jesse, amanda aneey pike" rada karvaamaa aavyo hato, saathe keey. bii. vee. bii. noow lucie black aneey collin taylor (jeey anukrame midwest saathe rahyaa hataa aneey crook aneey cavox gayaa hataa). "jesse, amanda aneey pike" thodaa athvadiya pachhi keey. bii. vee. bii. cyster station clayta khaate fareethi dekhaayu. julyna julyna saptaahnaa ante, ante, keey. bii. vee. bii. aneey parent kampani rediyo fm media dii laa hunt broadcastingmathi keey. aesa. keey.-aef. aema. noon sampadan purn karyoo hatoo. keskak signalne frasey, minnesota taraf khasedvama aavyu hatoo, jenu naam badaline keey. dii. aela. bii. rakhvama aavyu hatoo aneey keey. bii. vee. bii. noon anookaran karvaanu sharoo karyoo hatoo. jyaare 95.1 lokoae temnaa signalne fargo metronee najik khasedya tyaare shrotaoni khotne aaa sthaane laee aavee jyaare teo "boob 95" taraf valyaa. keey. dii. aela. bii. signal mukhyatve keey. aar. see. kyu.-aef. aema. saathe spardhaa karey chhe. 4 november, november roj jaaherat karvaamaa aavee hatee keey keey. bii. vee. bii. vee. festnu sattavaar rediyo station banashe, jeey "americama sauthee moto desh aneey camping festival" hovani jaaherat karvaamaa aavee chhe. trana varshno sodo sodo tahevaarthi sharoo thashe. aanaathi stationna laambaa samay sudhee utsavma "pratibandhit" rahevaano anta aavyo aneey havaai dada tene "bliip phesta" tareeke ullekh karey chhe. keey. bii. vee. bii. aee ravivaarni savaare "kicks brook saathe american country countdown" maate bajaar sanlagn chhe, aneey shanivaarni raatre deeje sinister dwara utpaadit "country fried micks" chhe. aech. dii. rediyo. 15 october, october roj, keey. bii. vee. bii. aee aech. dii. maan prasaaran sharoo karyoo, jenaathi teo aech. dii. rediyo takneekno upyog kareene fargo-moored marketnu pratham vyaapaari station banyu. aek athvadiya pachhi 22 octobernaa roj, keey. bii. vee. bii. aee kaargoma keey. bii. vee. bii. studiyoni bahaarnaa aesa. tii. aela. reele towermanthi sanchaalit keey. keey. 94.5 parr anuvaadak saathe "dhaa loft" naamnee triple-aee formatewali aech. dii. 2 petaa-chenal sharoo curry. 30 octobernaa roj, seriousexamna trademark daavane kaarane petaa chenalne "dhaa ciity" tareeke rebrand karvaamaa aavee hatee. aech. dii. 3 petaa-chenal simulcasted keey. kyu. doubleu. bii.-aema., aek classic country station jeey "veelee @1660" tareeke jaanitu chhe, jeey paachhalthi foakes sports rediyo sanlagn banyu. aech. dii. 3 signal julai julai cyster station keey. pii. aef. ex.-aech. dii. 3 parr khasedvama aavyo hato.

key. bee. vee. bee. key. bee. vee. bee. (95.1 fm, "bobb 95 fm") ack radio station haye joe ack desh praarup kaa prasaran kartaa haye. barnesville, minnesota key liye licenses praapt, yeh fargo-moord mahanagariya kshetra mein seva pradaan kartaa haye. yeh pahali baar 1980 mein 95.3 detroit jheelon, minnesota parr coll saain key. dee. ell. aim.-aff. aim. key tahat prasaarit honah shuru huaa. station vartamaan mein james aur brook ingusted key swaamitva mein haye, licenses praapt radio fargo-moord, ink. key madhyam seey. sabhi karyalaya aur studio 2720 7vein sthaan parr sthit hain. dakshin mein fargo mein, jabaki iska transmitter yuu parr sthit haye.aiss. root 75, moordhead key thheek dakshin mein. itihas. 95.1 ney 1980 key aspas 95.3 aavritti parr dd. ell. aim.-fm key roop mein apana jeevan shuru kiya, joe detroit jheelon, minnesota key liye licenses praapt thaa. station koo 1995 mein middle broadcasting, autertail power company key ack prabhaag dwara leaton broadcasting seey kharida gayaa thaa. usa samay studio koo nae bahan-stations kfgo/kfgo-fm aur cavox/cavox-fm key saath sthanantarit kiya gayaa thaa. key. dee. ell. aim. 95.1 aavritti parr chalaa gayaa aur coll later key. aff. jee. aiks. key tahat "95x" key roop mein vaikalpik chattan key liye ack praarup mein palat gayaa. yeh praarup apekshaakrit alpakaalik thaa kyonki 1997 mein station vayask samkaaleen mein parivartit hoe gayaa thaa, phir 1998 mein "rock 95" key roop mein mukhyadhara kii chattan. baad mein 1999 mein james ingusted dwara middates prasaran koo kharida gayaa thaa. clear channel sanchaar ney 2000 mein ingusted key fargo stations koo kharida, aur 95.1 nadee ney ack vayask samkaaleen praarup key saath shuruat kii. kravi ney 2003 mein apane vartamaan aaa praarup mein badalaav kiya, joe minnepolis, minnesota mein saha-swaamitva vaale ktc "cities 97" key samaan haye. miniapolis mein 97 shaharon parr aaa praarup key saath safalata key baad, spasht channel ney fargo aur kaee anya baajaron mein praarup koo phir seey banaaya. yeye station ack badey madhyam ayu varg, sushikshit darshakon koo aakarshit karate hain, joe unhein vigyapandataon key liye aakarshak aur laabhdaayak banaate hain, iss tathya key bavjood kii unake paas badey samagr darshak naheen they. 95. 1 nadee bhee prativarsh chrismus key dinn taka dhanyavaad key baad chrismus sangeet prasaarit karati thee. 28 sitambar, 2006 koo, kravi aur fargo mein anya spasht channel stations koo james ingusted koo vaapas betch diyaa gayaa, joe fargo mein rahate hain. (unhone pahale key. dee. aim. kaa swaamitva naheen kiya thaa, jaisa kii 2002 taka hastakshar naheen kiya thaa.) bikri koo 19 janwari, 2007 koo sanghiya sanchaar aayog (aff. see. see.) dwara anumodit kiya gayaa thaa. 8 march, 2007 kii madhyaraatri seey shuru hocker, kravi ney roll harris dwara lagaatar "tyee mee kangaru down, sport" dohrakar stunting shuru kii. 12 march, 2007 koo station key. bee. vee. bee. "bobb 95 fm" bunn gayaa. bobb 95 fm ack twarit pasandida bunn gayaa, aanshik roop seey unake shuruati tv vigyapanon key kaaran, joe aksar ack lokpriya geet kii parody kartaa haye, jaise kii chikan nritya mein shabd jodana, aur chrismus parr, "jingle bails" koo phir seey likhana. unake vigyapanon mein aksar "bobb kathputaliyon" koo bhee dikhaaya jaataa thaa jisamen ack couboy aur dou bobber shamil hotey hain. bobb 95 key liye ack "wheel onn dha buss" parody vigyaapan bhee thaa jisamen kaee alag-alag sanskaran they jinamen paschim fargo agnishaman vibhaag sahit fargo-moordhead kshetra key logon key samooh jingle gaate hain. haal key varshon mein, key. bee. vee. bee. ney koee sthaaniya tv sthal naheen chalaaya haye. haalaanki, couboy kathputali (joe adhikansh vigyapanon mein abhinay karati haye) abhee bhee pared aur karyakramon mein station key shubhankar key roop mein kaary karati haye, aur station key vaahanon mein seey ack parr bhee dikhaai detee haye. vasant 2010 kii arbitron rating ney key. bee. vee. bee. koo 8.4 pratishat hissedari dee, jisase way key. aff. jee. oh. aur key. kyu. doubleu. bee.-aff. aim. key baad aeye. kyu. aich. key aadhar parr bajar mein teesare sthaan parr radio station bunn gaye, jinake paas kramshah 12.1 aur 9.6 pratishat thaa. yeh pahali baar haye jaba jaba ney 99.9 key pratidvandi koo peechhe chhod diyaa, jinhone 7.9 share darj kiya. madhyasthata mulyankan. taba seey, donon stations key beach rating kii ladaai pratispardhi bunny hui haye-stations key saath aksar taaj kaa vyaapaar kiya jaataa haye. 2012 mein, yeh ghoshana kii gaee thee kii key. bee. vee. bee., ingusted key anya cargo stations key saath ack saude mein madhya-paschim sanchaar koo $25 million mein becha jaayega joe 1 maee seey prabhaavi huaa. ack dinn baad, ingusted ney crosstown pratidvandi goo radio cargo kharida, jisamen stations cavox-aff. aim., key. pee. aff. aiks., key. ell. tii. aeye., key. bee. aim. doubleu., key. kyu. doubleu. bee.-aff. aim. aur key. kyu. doubleu. bee.-aim. koo 9.5 million dollar mein kharida gayaa. agale dinn, ingusted aur midwest sanchaar ney ghoshana kii kii way ack samaan vyaapaar mein desh key stations key. bee. vee. bee. aur key. vee. oh. aiss. kaa vyaapaar karenge. usa vyaapaar ney 5 agast, 2013 koo prabhaav daala, madhya-paschim mein cavox koo bhejate hue, aur key. bee. vee. bee. koo zim ingusted key haathon mein vaapas bhej diyaa. inn khabaron key bavjood kii shrotaon koo parivartan naheen dikhaai denge, key. bee. vee. bee. key luci black aur collin teller (joe kramshah midwest key saath rahey aur crock aur key. vee. oh. aiss. gaye) key saath key. vee. oh. aiss. key morning show "jesse, amanda aur pike" koo radd curr diyaa gayaa. "jesse, amanda aur pike" kuchh hafton baad key. bee. vee. bee. cyster station clta mein phir seey dikhaai diyaa. julaai saptahant, 2015 kii 4 tarikh koo, key. bee. vee. bee. aur mool company radio fm media ney dee laa hunt prasaran seey key. aiss. key.-aff. aim. kaa adhigrahan puuraa curr liya thaa. key. aiss. key. signal koo frazie, minnesota mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa, jiska naam badalkar key. dee. ell. bee. curr diyaa gayaa aur key. bee. vee. bee. kaa anukaran karna shuru curr diyaa gayaa. yeh shrotaon kii sankhya koo badal detaa haye jaba 95.1 ney apane sanket koo fargo metro key karib leey jaaya jaba way "bobb 95" parr palat gaye. key. dee. ell. bee. sanket mukhya roop seey key. aar. see. kyu.-aff. aim. key saath pratispardha kartaa haye. 4 navambar, 2015 koo yeh ghoshana kii gaee thee kii key. bee. vee. bee. vee. fest kaa aadhikarik radio station bunn jaayega, jise "america mein sabse badaa desh aur shivir utsav" honey kaa vigyaapan diyaa gayaa haye. teen saal kaa sauda 2016 key utsav seey shuru hoga. isase station key lambe samay taka utsav seey pratibandhit honey aur havaai kshetra mein ise "bleep fest" key roop mein sandarbhit karane kaa anta hoe gayaa. key. bee. vee. bee. ravivaar kii subah "kicks brook key saath americi desh kii ginati" key liye bajar sambaddh haye, aur shaniwar kii raaton mein deeje sinister dwara utpaadit "desh taley hue mishran" haye. aich. dee. radio. 15 octuber, 2014 koo, key. bee. vee. bee. ney aich. dee. mein prasaran shuru kiya, jisase way aich. dee. radio praudyogiki kaa upayog karate hue fargo-moord market mein pahala vaanijyik station bunn gaye. ack saptah baad 22 octuber koo, key. bee. vee. bee. ney cargo mein key. bee. vee. bee. studio key baahar aiss. tii. ell. rille tower seey sanchaalit key. 233. see. 94.5 parr ack anuvaadak key saath "dha loft" naamak ack triple-aeye praarupit aich. dee. 2 upa-channel launch kiya. 30 octuber koo, upa channel ney seriousexm key trademark daave key kaaran "shahar" key roop mein rebrand kiya. aich. dee. 3 upa-channel key. kyu. doubleu. bee.-aim., ack classic country station jise "villie @1660" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, joe baad mein ack fox sports radio sambaddh bunn gayaa. aich. dee. 3. signal julaai 2016 mein cyster station key. pee. aff. aiks.-aich. dee. 3 mein sthanantarit hoe gayaa.

keey. bii. vii. bii keey. bii. vii. bii. (95.1 eff. emm., "baab 95 eff. emm") ondu radeo kendravagiddu, idu deshada svaroopadalli prasaaravaaguttade. barnesville, minnesotage paravaanagi padeda idu fargo-moorhead metropolitan pradeshakke seve sallisuttade. idu modala baarige 1980 ralli 95.3 detroit sarovaragalu, minnesotaadalli coll saine kdlm-efm adiyalli prasaaravannu praarambhisitu. prastuta ee nildaanavu james mattu brook ingstad avara odetanadallide, idu licenses radeo fargo-moorhead, ink moolaka. ellah kacherigalu mattu studiyogalu 2720 7neey have sthaladallive. phargodalli dakshinadalli, adara transmitter yuu nallide.ess. root 75, moorheadge dakshinakke. itihaasa. 95.1 tanna jivanavannu 1980rahra sumaarige 95.3 aavartanada mele kdlm-efm aagi detroit sarovaragalige paravaanagi padeda minnesotaadante praarambhisitu. ee kendravannu 1995ralli lyton broadcastingninda midgate broadcasting, ottertyle power kampaniya vibhagavu khareedisitu. aaa samayadalli studiyovannu hosa sahodari-kendragalaada kfgo/kfgo-efm mattu kvox/kvox-efengalondige sthalaantarisalaayitu. kdlm 95.1 aavartanakke sthalaantaragonditu mattu karey aksara kfgx adiyalli "95x" endu paryaya bandege tiruguva svaroopakke olagaayitu. 1997ralli vayaskara samakaalina station aagi parivartanegonda nantara ee svaroopavu tulanaatmakavaagi alpaavadhiyaddaagittu, nantara 1998ralli mukhyavahiniya rock annu "rock 95" endu kareyalaayitu. nantara 1999ralli james ingstad avaru midwaites prasaaravannu khareedisidaru. clear channel communications 2000 ralli ingstadna fargo stationgalannu khareedisitu mattu vayaskara samakaalina svaroopadondige 95.1 nadiyannu praarambhisitu. minnesotaada minnepolisnalliruva saha-malikatvada ktg "nagaragalu 97" nanteye, 2003 ralli crvy tanna prastuta aaa svaroopakke tiruchitu. minnepolisna 97neey nagargalalli aaa svaroopadondige yashassina nantara, clear channel fargo mattu itara halavaaru marukattegalalli svaroopavannu marusrushtisitu. ee kendragalu dodda madhyama vayassina, sushikshita prekshakarannu seleyuttave, idu jahiratudararige akarshakavaguvante mattu laabhadaayakavaaguvante maaditu, aadaagyoo avu hecchina ottare prekshakarannu hondiralilla. 95. 1 nadiyu vaarshikavaagi chrismus dinadavarege thanksgiving nantara chrismus sangeetavannu prasara maaditu. september 28,2006 randu, crvy mattu phargodalliruva itara clear channel stationgalannu phargodalli vasisuva james ingstadge marata maadalaayitu. (avaru ee hinde keey. dii. emm. annu hondiralilla, ekendare 2002 ravarege sahi hakiralilla.) ee maaraatavannu federal communications commission (eff. sii. sii) janavari 19,2007 randu anumodisitu. 2007rahra march 8rahra madhyaratriyinda praarambhisi, crvy rolf hyaarisninda nirantaravagi "tye mii kangaaroo down, sport" annu punaraavartisuva moolaka kuntitagollalu praarambhisidaru. 2007rahra march 12randu, nildaanavu keey. bii. vii. bii. "baab 95 eff. emm" aayitu. baab 95 efm avara arambhika duradarshana jahiratugalindagi, bhagashah tvarita nechchinadaayitu, adhu samanyavagi chikan nrutyakke padagalannu serisuvantaha janapriya haadannu vidambisuttade, mattu chrismasnalli, "jingal bells" annu maru-bareyuttade. avara jaahiraatugalalli aagaagge kaubay mattu ibbaru babargalannu olagondiruva "baab bombegalu" saha kanisikondiddavu. paschima fargo agnishamaka ilakhe seridante fargo-moorhead pradeshada janara gumpugalu jingal haaduvudannu olagondante halavaaru vibhinn aavruttigalannu hondidda baab 95 gaagi "wheels aun dhii bus" vidambaneya vanijya jaahiraatu kooda ittu. ittichina varsagalalli, keey. bii. vii. bii yaavude sthaliya duradarshana taanagalannu nadesilla. aadaagyoo, kaubay kaigombeyu (hecchina jaahiraatugalalli natisida) innoo meravanigegalu mattu karyakramagalalli nildaanada mascott aagi kaaryanirvahisuttade mattu nildaanada vahanagalalli ondakkoo kaanisikolluttade. 2010rahra vasanta rtuvina arbitron ratinggalu keey. bii. vii. bii. ge 8.4rashtu palannu needitu, idu keey. eff. zii. oo mattu keey. kyu. doubleu. bii-eff. emm. gala nantarada akh palannu aadharisi marukatteyalli 3neey sthaanadalliruva radeo kendravaayitu, avaru kramavagi 12.1 mattu 9.6rashtu palannu hondiddaru. idu modala baarige baab95,7.9 palannu nondayisida fraggy 99.9 rannu meeriside. arbitron ratinggalu. andininda, eradu nildaanagala naduvina rating yuddhavu spardhatmakavagi ulidide-nildaanagalu aagaagge kireetavannu vyapara maaduttave. 2012ralli, keey. bii. vii. bii. yondige ingstadna itara saraku sagane kendragalannu madhyapaschima samvahanagalige $25 dasalakshakke marata maadalaaguvudu endu ghooshisalaayitu, idu mayee 1rinda jaarige banda oppandadalli. ondu dinada nantara, ingstad crosstowne pratispardhi goo radeo phargovannu khareedisidaru, idaralli cavox-efm, kpfx, klta, kbmw, kcudabluby-efm mattu kcudabluby-aum stationgalu $9.5 dasalakshakke seriddavu. marudina, ingstad mattu midwest communications avaru samaana vyaapaaradalli keey. bii. vii. bii mattu kevaxna vyapara kendragalaaguvudaagi ghoshisidaru. aaa vyaapaaravu august 5,2013 randu jaarige banditu, idu madhyapaschimakke cavax annu kaluhisitu mattu kbvb annu matte zim ingstadna kaige kaluhisitu. kelugaru badalaavanegalannu gamanisuvudilla emba varadigala horataagiyoo, kvvb yaya luci black mattu collin taylor (avaru kramavagi midwestnondige ulidukondu crook mattu kwokesge hodaru) jotege, kvoxna marning show "jesse, amanda mattu paik" annu raddugolisalaayitu. "jesse, amanda mattu paik" kelavu vaaragala nantara keey. bii. vii. bii cyster station kltaadalli matte kaanisikonditu. 2015rahra julai 4rahra vaaraantyadalli, keey. bii. vii. bii mattu moola kampani radeo eff. emm. madhyamagalu dii laa hunt prasaaradinda keey. ess. keey.-eff. emm. annu swadhinapadisikondiddavu. keskek sanketavannu frazi, minnesotage sthalaantarisalaayitu, kdlb endu marunamakarana maadalaayitu mattu kbvb annu onde baarige prasara maadalu praarambhisitu. 95. 1 avaru "baab 95" ge tirugisidaaga fargo metrokke hattiravadaga kelugarannu idu badalaayisitu. keey. dii. ell. bii. sanketavu prathamikavagi keey. aarr. sii. kyoo-eff. emm. nondige spardhisuttade. november 4,2015 randu, keey. bii. vii. bii. yuu vii festna adhikruta radeo kendravagalide endu ghooshisalaayitu, idu "americada atidodda desha mattu camping utsava" endu jaahiraatu nidalaagide. mooru varshagala oppandavu 2016rahra utsavadondige praarambhavaaguttade. idu utsavadinda nildaanavannu "nishedhisida" deerghaavadhiyannu konegolisitu mattu gaaliyalli adannu "bleep fest" endu ullekhisitu. keey. bii. vii. bii. yuu bhanuvara beligge "kix brooksnondige american kantri countdown" mattu shaniwara ratrigalalli dije synister utpaadisuva "kantri fried mixes" ge marukatteya angasamstheyagide. etch. dii. radeo. october 15,2014 randu, keey. bii. vii. bii. yuu etch. dii. yalli prasaaravannu praarambhisitu, idu etch. dii. radeo tantragyaanavannu balasikondu fargo-moorhead marukatteyalli modala vanijya kendravagide. ondu vaarada nantara october 22randu, keey. bii. vii. bii. yuu "dhii laft" emba mooru-aa-svaroopada etch. dii. 2 upa-channel annu praarambhisitu, phargodalliruva keey. bii. vii. bii. studiyoda horagina ess. tii. ell. relay gopuradinda keey233sii 94.5nalli bhashantarakararannu niyojisalaayitu. october 30randu, criusxmna trademark klaimnindaagi upa channel annu "dhii city" endu marubrand maadalaayitu. villie @1660" endu kareyalaaguva classic kantri station aada, etch. dii. 3 upa-channel, keey. kyu. doubleu. bii-aum annu ekakaaladalli prasara maaditu, idu nantara foxes sports radeo angasamstheyaayitu. 2016rahra julainalli etch. dii. 3 signal annu cyster station keey. pii. eff. ex-etch. dii. 3ge sthalaantarisalaayitu.

keey. bii. vii. bii oru raajya formet prakshepanam cheiyunna oru radio steshanaanu keey. bii. vii. bii (95.1 eph. emm, "bob 95 eph. emm"). minnesottayile barnesvilleyil licensulla ithu fargo-moorhead metropolittan pradeshathu sevanam nalkunnu. 1980ll minnesottayile 95.3 detroit thadaakangalil kdlm-efm enna kooll chinnathinu keezhil ithu aadyamaayi prakshepanam cheyyaan thudangi. licency radio fargo-moorhead, ink vazhi jaims aandu brook ingstaadinte udamasthathayilullathaanu eee steshan. ellah offeesukalum studiyokalum 2720 7 aam eavilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. thekk fargoil, athinte traansmittar yuyilaan sthithi cheiyunnathu.ezz. root 75 moorheadinu thekk. charithram. 95.1980ll minnesottayile thadaakangalkk licensulla 95.3 freekwansiyil kdlm-efm enna peril 1 athinte jeevitam aarambhichu. 1995ll oottarteyil power kambaniyude oru vibhagamaaya midittetts broadcasting aanu laittan broadcastingil ninnu eee steshan vaangiyath. akkaalat puthiya sahodari steshanukalaaya kfgo/kfgo-efm, kevox/kevox-efm ennivayumaayi studiyo maatti. kdlm 95.1 aavruthiyilekku neengukayum kooll aksharamaaya kfgxinu keezhil "95x" enna reethiyil badal paarayilekku oru formet flippinu vidheyamaakkukayum cheythu. 1997ll steshan muthirnnavarude samakaalikathayilekkum 1998ll mukhyadharaa roock "roock 95" aayum mariyathinaal eee formet thaarathamyena hraswakaalamaayirunnu. 1999ll jaims ingstaad pinneedu midittetts prakshepanam vaangi. 2000-ll clear chaanal communications ingstaadinte fargo steshanukal vaangukayum 95.1 enna nadiyil oru muthirnnavarude samakaalika formaattumaayi arangettam kurikkukayum cheythu. minnesottayile minnepolisile saha udamasthathayilulla keey. tii. sii. ezz "sittees 97" nuu samaanamaayi 2003 ll krvi athinte nilavile aaa formattilekku maari. miniyaapolisile 97 nagarangalile aaa formaattile vijayathin sesham, clear chaanal fargoilum mattu niravadhi vipanikalilum formet punarnirmmichu. eee steshanukal valia idatharam, vidyaasambannaraaya prekshakare aakarshikkunnu, ithu parasyadaathaakkale aakarshikkukayum labhakaramaakkukayum cheiyunnu, mothatthilulla valia prekshakar illaayirikkaam. 95. 1 nadhiyum ellah varshavum chrismus divasam vare thanksgivingin sesham chrismus samgeetham sampreshanam cheythu. 2006 septambar septambar crivyum fargoyile mattu clear chaanal steshanukalum fargoil thamasikkunna jaims engstaadinu thirike vittu. (2002 vare oppidaathathupole munbu addeham keey. dii. emminte udamayaayirunnilla.) 2007 januvari 19 nuu federal communications kammeeshan (eph. sii. sii) vilppanaykku amgeekaaram nalki. 2007 march 8 ardharaathriyil rolph haarisinte "tye mii kangaroo daun, sports" thudarchayaayi aavarthichukondu kruvi valarcha muradippikkaan thudangi. 2007 march march steshan keey. bii. vii. bii "bob 95 eph. emm" aayi maari. chikkan nrithathilekku vaakkukal cherkkunnathum chrismus samayat "jinkle bells" veendum ezhuthunnathum polulla oru janapriya gaanathe palappozhum paradi cheiyunna avarude aadyakaala tivi parasyangal kaaranam bob 95 efm thalkshana priyappettathayi maari. avarude parasyangalil palappozhum oru kauboyiyum rund bobarukalum ulppedunna "bob pavakal" pradharshippichirunnu. vestt fargo fayar department ulppede fargo-moorhead pradeshathu ninnulla aalukalude grouppukal jinkle alapikkunna niravadhi vyathyastha pathippukalulla bob 95-naayi oru "wheels oonn dhaa buzz" parady parasyavum undaayirunnu. sameepa varshangalil keey. bii. vii. bii praadeshika television spottukalonnum nadathiyittilla. ennirunnaalum, coverboy paava (mikka parasyangalilum abhinayicha) ippozhum paredukalilum evantukalilum steshante chihnamaayi pravartthikkunnu, koodaathe steshan vahanangalilonnil prathyakshappedunnu. 2010 leeii aarbitron ratingukal keey. bii. vii. bick 8.4 sathamaanam vihitam nalki, ithu yathaakramam 12.1 umm 9.6 umm ulla keey. eph. jii. oo, keey. kyu. dablyu. bii-eph. emm ennivaykku pinnilayi akh vihithathe adisthaanamaakki vipaniyile moonnaam sthaanathulla radio steshanaakki. ithaadyamaayaanu ithaadyamaayaanu 7.9 ohari rajisttar cheytha ethiraaliyaaya froggy 99.9 neey marikadakkunnathu. aarbitron rating. athinusesham, rund steshanukal thammilulla rating poraattam mathsaraadhishtithamaayi thudarunnu-steshanukal palappozhum kireedam vyapaaram cheiyunnu. 2012ll, keey. bii. vii. biyum ingstaadinte mattu fargo steshanukalum meyy 1 muthal praabalyatthil vanna oru karaaril 25 dasalaksham dollarinu midu vestt communicationukalkku vilkkumennu prakhyaapichu. oru divasam kazhinju, ingstaad krossttaun ethiraaliyaaya goo radio fargo vaangi, steshanukalaaya kevox-efm, keey. pii. eph. ex, keey. ell. tii. eiii, keey. bii. emm. dablyu, keey. kyu. dablyu. bii-eph. emm, keey. kyu. dablyu. bii-aam enniva 9.5 dasalaksham dollarinu. pittennu, ingstaad, midu vestt communications enniva avar kantri steshanukalaaya keey. bii. vii. bii, kevox enniva thulya vyaapaarathil vyapaaram cheiyumennu prakhyaapichu. aaa vyapaaram 2013 august 5 muthal praabalyatthil vannu, ithu kevoxine midu vestt lake kbvb jiim ingstaadinte kaikalilekkum thirichayachu. srothaakkal mattangal sradhikkillennu reportukal undaayirunnittum, keey. bii. vii. biyude lucie black, collin tailor (yathaakramam midu vestsil thaamasichu kroukkilekkum kvoxilekkum poyavar) ennivaykkoppam kevoxinte prabhatha shhow "jessy, amanda, paikk" enniva raddaki. "eathaanum aazhchakalkk sesham keey. bii. vii. bii sisttar steshan klaattayil "jessy, amanda, paikk" veendum prathyakshappettu. 2015 juulai 4-aamm vaaraanthyathil, keey. bii. vii. biyum maathru kambaniyaaya radio eph. emm. media dii laa hund broadcastingil ninnu keey. ezz. keey. keey-eph. emm ettedukkunnathu poortthiyaakki. keey. ezz. keey. keey signal fraasiyilekkum minnesotayilekkum maatti, keey. dii. ell. bii ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyukayum keey. bii. vii. bii. orepole prakshepanam cheyyaan thudangukayum cheythu. 95. 1 signal "bob 95" lake thirinjappol fargo metroyode aduthu neekkiyappol nashtappetta shrothaakkalude ennam ithu maatti. kdlb signal praadhamikamaayi krcki-efmumaayi malsarikkunnu. amerikkayile ettavum valia raajyavum camping festivalum" aayi parasyam cheyyappedunna vii festtinte audyogika radio steshanaayi keey. bii. vii. bii maarumennu 2015 november 4 nuu prakhyaapichu. prakhyaapichu uthsavathodeyaanu moonnu varshathe karar aarambhikkunnath. ithu steshan utsavathil ninnu "nirodhicha" oru deerghakaalathe avasanippikkukayum airstaaf athine "bleep phestt" ennu vilikkukayum cheythu. njaayarazhcha raavile "kicks brookkukalulla american raajya kauntdaun", shaniyazhcha raathrikalil dije sinisttar nirmmikkunna "kantri fried mixes" ennivayude vipani anubandhamaanu kbvb. echdi radio. 2014 october 15 nuu keey. bii. vii. bii. echdiyil prakshepanam aarambhichu, ithu echdi radio saankethikavidya upayogikkunna fargo-moorhead vipaniyile aadyathe vaanijya kendramaayi maari. oraazhchaykk sesham october 22 nuu, keey. bii. vii. bii. fargoyile keey. bii. vii. bii studiyoykku purathulla ezz. tii. ell rile toweril ninnu pravartthikkunna pravartthikkunna 94.5-ll oru vivarthakanodoppam "dhii loopht" enna peril triple-eiii formet cheytha cheytha sub-chaanal aarambhichu. october 30 nuu, syrious exmil ninnulla vyaapaaramudra avakaashavaadam kaaranam sub chaanal "nagaram" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. villi @1660" ennariyappedunna oru classic kantri steshanaaya joolaiyil sub-chaanal simulcasted kcudabluby-aam pinneedu oru phoox sports radio affiliate aayi maari. 2016 joolaiyil joolaiyil signal sahodari steshanaaya steshanaaya lake maatti.

keey. bii. vhee. bii. keey. bii. vhee. bii. (95.1 eff. emm., "bobb 95 eff. emm.") heey deshanchya swarupat prasarit honare eka redio station aahe. barnesville, minnesota yethe parvanadharak, heey fargo-moorehead mahanagar kshetrala seva dete. tyache prasaran pahilyanda 1980 madhye minnesota yetheel 95.3 detroit talavanvar keey. dii. ell. emm.-eff. emm. yaa coll chinhakhali suru jhaale. parvanadharak redio fargo-moord, ink. chya madhyamatoon sadhya yaa sthanakachi malki james aanee brook ingustad yanchyakade aahe. serve karyalaye aanee studio 2720 7vya parvataranget aahet. fargochya dakshines, tarr tyacha transmitter yuu varr sthit aahe.ess. marg 75 haah moordheadchya agadi dakshines aahe. itihas. 95.1 neey 1980 chya sumaras, minsota yetheel detroit talavanna parwana asalelya 95.3 frequenciver keey. dii. ell. emm.-eff. emm. mhanoon aaplya jivanachi suruvat kelee. 1995 madhye autertail power companycha eka vibhag asalelya miditates broadcastingne heey sthanak leiton broadcastingkadoon vikat ghetale hote. tyaveli studio naveen bhagini-kendre keey. eff. jee. oo./keey. eff. jee. oo.-eff. emm. aanee keey. vhee. oo. ess./keey. vhee. oo. ess.-eff. emm. saha halavanyat aala. keey. dii. ell. emm. 95.1 varanvartekade valale aanee coll akshar keey. eff. jee. ex. antargat '95x' mhanoon paryayi khadkakade valale. 1997 madhye heey sthanak praudh samkalin mhanoon rupantarit jhaale, tyanantar 1998 madhye mukhya pravahatil rock mhanoon 'rock 95' mhanoon. nantar 1999 madhye james ingstadne midnet prasaran vikat ghetale. clear channell communicationsne 2000 madhye ingstadchi fargo sthanke vikat ghetali aanee 95.1 nadine praudh samkalin swarupasah padarpan kele. minnesota yetheel minepolismadhil saha-malkichya ktch "cities 97" pramanech, krveene 2003 madhye tyachya sadhyachya aaa swarupat badal keela. miniyapolismadhil 97 shaharanvar aaa swarupasah yash midalyanantar, clear channelne fargo aanee itar anek bajarpethanmadhye swaroop punha tayar kele. yaa kendrancha madhyamvayin, sushikshit prekshakanna aakarshit karnyacha cull asato, jyamule tyanna jahiratdaranna aakarshit kele aanee teey fayadeshir tharale, jaree tyanche ekoon prekshak mothya pramanat nasale taree. 95. 1 nadee dekhil darvarshi thanksgivingnanter khrismas divasaparyant khrismas sangeet prasarit karate. 28 september 2006 roji, krvi aanee phargomadhil itar spasht vahini kendre fargomadhye rahana james ingstadla parat vikali gelee. (2002 paryant swakshari kelyapramane, yapurvi tyachyakade keey. dii. emm. chaa malak navhata.) yaa vikrila 19 janewari 2007 roji federal communications kamishanane (eff. see. see.) manjuri dilee hotee. 8 march 2007 roji madhyaratripasun, krveene rolph harrischya 'tye mea kangaru daun, spoort' chee punaravrutti karoon kunthit honyas suruvat kelee. 12 march 2007 roji heey sthanak keey. bii. vhee. bii. "bobb 95 fm" jhaale. bobb 95 fm hii tyanchya suruvatichya durchitravani jahiratinmule, kahee pramanat twarit aavadati bunley, jee anekada chikan nrutyat shabd jodane aanee khrisamasachya velee, 'jingle bails' punha lihine yasarkhya lokpriy ganyachi vidambana karate. tyanchya jahiratinmadhye anekada 'bobb kathputalya' dekhil dakhavanyat aalya, jyat eka kauboy aanee done bobberscha samavesh hota. bobb 95 sathee eka 'vheels aun daad bus' vidambanatmak jahirat dekhil hotee jyat anek bhinn aavrutya hotya jyat west fargo agnishaman vibhagasah fargo-moorehead bhagatil lokanche gut jingle gatana disatat. alikadachya varshant, keey. bii. vhee. bii. neey konatihi sthanik durchitravani thikane chalavali naheet. tathapi, kaviboy kathputali (jee bahutek jahiratinmadhye jhalakali hotee) ajunahi miravanuka aanee karyakramanmadhye stationcha shubhankar mhanoon kaam karate aanee stationchya vahananpaiki eka vahanavar dekhil disate. 2010 chya vasant rututil arbitron manankanat keey. bii. vhee. bii. laa 8.4 takke hissa midala, jyamule teey keey. eff. jee. oo. aanee keey. kyu. doubleu. bii.-eff. emm. chya mage, jyanchyakade anukrame 12.1 aanee 9.6 takke hote, tyaa aii. keey. etch. etch. chya bhagavar aadharit bajarat tisare sthan asalele redio station banale. bobb95neey pahilyandach, 7.9 takke hissa nondavnanya froggy 99.9 yaa pratispardhyala mage takale. arbitron manankan. tevhapasoon, done sthankanmadhil manankan ladhai spardhatmak rahili aahe-sthanke anekada mukut vyapar karatat. 2012 madhye, ashee ghoshana karnyat aalee qee keey. bii. vhee. bii. aanee ingstadchya itar fargo stationchi midwest communicationsla 2 kotee 50 laakh dollarla vikri kelee jaeel, joou 1 meey roji jhaala. eka divasanantar, ingstadne crosstaun pratispardhi goo redio fargo vikat ghetala, jyat keey. vhee. oo. ess.-eff. emm., keey. pii. eff. ex., keey. ell. tii. aii., keey. bii. emm. doubleu., keey. kyu. doubleu. bii.-eff. emm. aanee keey. kyu. doubleu. bii.-emm. hii station 9.5 laakh dollarla kharedi kelee. dusya divashi, ingustad aanee midwest communicationsne jaheer kele qee teey deshi kendra keey. bii. vhee. bii. aanee keey. vhee. oo. ess. chaa samaan vyapar kartil. 5 august 2013 roji haah vyapar lagoo jhaala, jyane kevoxla madhyapashchimela aanee keey. bii. vhee. bii. laa jiim ingstadchya haatee parat pathavale. shrotyanna badal lakshat yenar naheet asha batamya asoonahi, keey. bii. vhee. bii. chaa lucie black aanee collin teller (joou anukrame midwestmadhye rahila aanee crock aanee keey. vhee. oo. ess. kadey gela) sobat keey. vhee. oo. ess. chaa sakalcha karyakram 'jesse, amanda aanee pike' radd karnyat aala. "kahee aathvadyannantar keey. bii. vhee. bii. chya bhagini station clta yethe 'jesse, amanda aanee pike' punha disu lagale. 4 julai 2015 chya aathvadyachya shevati, keey. bii. vhee. bii. aanee mool company redio fm mediane dii laa hunt prasaranakadun keey. ess. keey. keey.-eff. emm. chey adhigrahan purn kele hote. keey. ess. keey. keey. signal frazzy, minnesota yethe halavanyat aala, tyache naav badaloon keey. dii. ell. bii. karnyat aale aanee keey. bii. vhee. bii. chey anukaran suru karnyat aale. jevha 95.1 neey tyanche signal fargo metrochya jawal halavale tevha tyanni gamavalelya shrotyanchi jaaga ghetali, jevha teey 'bobb 95' kadey valale. keey. dii. ell. bii. signal pramukhyane keey. aar. see. kyu.-eff. emm. shhee spardha karato. 4 november 2015 roji, ashee ghoshana karnyat aalee qee keey. bii. vhee. bii. heey 'vee phesta' chey adhikrut redio station banel, jyachi jahirat 'americetil sarvat motha desh aanee camping mahotsav' mhanoon kelee jaate. teen varshanchya kararala 2016 chya mahotsavat suruvat hoil. yamule yaa sthankavar utsavatoon bandee ghalanyat aaleli aanee havai dalane tyala 'bleep phesta' mhanoon sambodhale gelyache dirghkal chalale. keey. bii. vhee. bii. hii ravivari sakali 'daad american country countdown with kicks brook' aanee shaniwari ratri deeje sinisterdware utpadit 'daad country fried micks' sathee bajarpeth sanlagn aahe. etch. dii. redio. 15 aktoobar 2014 roji, keey. bii. vhee. bii. neey etch. dii. madhye prasaran suru kele, jyamule teey etch. dii. redio tantradnyanacha vapar karoon fargo-moorehead bajarpethetil pahile vyavsayik kendra banale. eka aathvadyanantar 22 aktoobar roji, keey. bii. vhee. bii. neey fargo yetheel keey. bii. vhee. bii. studiochya baherchya ess. tii. ell. rile towerchya keey. 233. see. aay. 94.5 vareel anuvadkasah 'daad loft' navache tiheri-aii swarupit etch. dii. 2 up-vahini suru kelee. 30 aktoobar roji, seriousexmchya trademark davyamule up vahiniche 'shahar' asey punarnamkaran karnyat aale. etch. dii. 3 up-vahini, 'viilii @1660' mhanoon olakhale jaanare eka abhijat deshi kendra, 'keey. kyu. doubleu. bii.-emm.', jeey nantar fox sports redioshi sanlagn jhaale. julai 2016 madhye echadi3 signal bhagini station kpfx-echadi3 kadey halavanyat aala.

kbbhibi kbbhibi (95.1 fm, "bub 95 fm") euta desh dhancha prasaran garne radio station how. barnesabhil, minnesota lai ijajatpatra diieko, yasale fargo-murdako mahanagariya kshetralai sewa dinchha. yasale pahilo patak sann 1980 maa cull sine kdlm-fm antargat 95.3 detroit talharu, minnesota maa prasaran garna thalyo. station hall james rar brook engstadko swamitwama chha, ijajatpatra prapta radio fargo-murd, ink marfat. sabai karyalaya rar studiyoharu 2720 7 aun ebhma awasthit chhan. dakshinma fargoma, jabki yasako transmitter yuma awasthit chha.ess. marga 75 murheadko dakshinma chha. itihas. 95.1 ley sann 1980 ko waripari detroit talharu, minnesota lai ijajatpatra diieko 95.3 frequencyma kdlm-fmko rupma afno jiwan suru garyo. yo stationlai ottertel pawar companyko euta division, midates broadcastingdwara sann 1995 maa leiton broadcastingbata kharid garieko thiyo. tyas samayama studiolai nayan bhagini-stationharu kfgo/kfgo-fm rar kebhaks/kebhaks-fmka sath sarieko thiyo. kdlm 95.1 frequencyma sario rar cull akshar kfgx antargat "95x" ko rupma vaikalpik rakma dhancha pultio. yo dhancha apekshakrit chhoto thiyo kinki station 1997 maa wayaska samakalinma sankraman bhayo, tyasapachhi 1998 maa "ruck 95" ko rupma mukhyadharako ruck. pachhi 1999 maa james engstadle midnet prasaran kineka thie. clear channel communicationle sann 2000 maa engstadko fargo stationharu kineko thiyo, rar nadi 95.1 ko suruwat wayaska samakalin dhanchama bhaeko thiyo. minnesotako minnepolisma saha-swamitwama raheko ketijej "cities 97" jastai krvile 2003 maa afno halko aaa dhanchama pariwartan garyo. miniapoliska 97 saharharuma aaa dhanchako sath safalta pachhi, clear channele fargo rar anya dherai bajarharuma dhanchalai punah sirjana garyo. yee stationharule thulo madhyam umerka, sushikshit darshakharulai akarshit garna ruchaunchhan jasle uniharulai vigyapandataharulai akarshak rar labhadayak banayo, yadyapi tiniharusanga thulo samagra darshakharu nahun sakchhan. nadi 95.1 ley pani warshik rupma krisamasko dina samma dhanyawad pachhi christmas sangit prasaran gardacha. september 28,2006 maa, krvi rar fargoka anya clear channel stationharu fargoma basne james engstadlai firta bechie. (unle pahile kedamko swamitwa lieka thienan, kinki 2002 samma hastakshar garenan.) janawari 19,2007 maa sanghiya sanchar ayog (fcc) dwara bikri swikrit garieko thiyo. march 8,2007 ko madhyaratdekhi suru gardai, krvile rolf harrisdwara lagatar "tye mea kangaru dauna, sport" sport" stunting garna thale. march 12,2007 maa, station kbbhibi "bub 95 fm" banyo. bub 95 fm ek tatkal manaparne banyo, anshik rupma uniharuko prarambhik tivi vigyapanharuko karan, jasle prayaha lokpriya gitko pyarodi gardacha, jastai kukhura nrityama shabdaharu thapne, rar krisamasma, "jingle belharu" punah lekhne. tiniharuko vigyapanharuma prayaha "bub kathaputliharu" pani samawesh thie jasma ek kauboya rar dui babarharu samawesh thie. tyahan bub 95 kaa lagi "basma pangra" pyarodi vigyapan pani thiyo jasma dherai farak sanskaranharu thie jasma fargo-murdako kshetraka manisharuko samuhaharule jingle gaunchhan, jasma west fargo fire department pani samawesh chha. halka warshaharuma, kebibhibile kunai pani sthaniya tivi spatharu chalaeko chhaina. yadyapi, kauboya kathaputli (june dheraijaso vigyapanharuma abhinaya garieko thiyo) ajhai pani pared rar karyakramharuma stationko maskatko rupma kaam gardacha, rar station sawari sadhanharu madhye ekma pani dekha pardachha. wasanta 2010 ko arbitron rettingle kebibhibilai 8.4 seyar diyo, jasle tiniharulai kfgo rar kcudablyubi-fm pachhadi ekaha seyarko adharma bajarma tesro sthanko radio station banayo, jasko kramashah 12.1 rar 9.6 thiyo. yo pahilo patak how jab bub 95 ley pratispardhi fruggy 99.9 lai parr garyo jasle 7.9 seyar darta garyo. arbitron mulyangkanharu. tyasabeladekhi, dui stationharu bichko mulyangkanko ladain pratispardhatmak raheko chha-stationharule prayaha mukut wyapar garchhan. sann 2012 maa, kbbhibi, engstadka anya fargo stationharu sahit midwest communicationharulai $25 millionma bechne ghoshana garieko thiyo june mey 1 dekhi prabhawa pareko samjhautama ek dina pachhi, engstadle crustown pratidwandi go radio fargo kineka thie, jasma stationharu kebhaks-fm, kpfx, klta, kbmw, kcudablyubi-fm rar kcudablyubi-emm $9.5 millionma. bholipalta, ingstad rar midwest communicationle ghoshana gare kii uniharule contry stationharu kbbhibi rar kebhakslai saman wyaparma wyapar garnechan. tyo wyapar august 5,2013 maa prabhawama ayo, madhyapashchimma kebhaks pathaundai, rar kbbhibi zim engstadko hatma firta ayo. shrotaharule pariwartanharu nadekheka reportharuka bawajud, kebhibhibiko luci black rar collin taylor (jo kramashah midwestma base rar crooke rar keviks gae) sangasangai kebhiksko bihanko karyakram "jesse, amanda rar pike" radda gariyo. "jesse, amanda rar pike" kehi haptapachhi kbbhibi cyster station cultama feri dekha paryo. julyko 4th maa saptahanta, 2015, kbbhibi rar abhibhawak company radio fm mediale day lah hunt prasaranbata kskke-fmko adhigrahan samapta gareko thiyo. keskek sanketlai frazie, minnesota, kdlb naam pariwartan gari, rar kbbbko simulcasting suru gariyo. yasale shrotako harlai pratisthapan garyo jab 95.1 ley uniharuko sanket fargo metroko najik saryo jab tiniharu "bub 95" maa farke. kdlb sanketle mukhyataya krseque-fmsanga pratispardha gardacha. november 4,2015 maa, kbbhibi wee festko adhikarik radio station banne ghoshana garieko thiyo, jaslai "americako sabaibhanda thulo desh rar camping festival" bhanera vigyapan garieko chha. tinn warshako samjhauta sann 2016 ko mahotsavbata suru hunechha. yasale stationlai mahotsavbata "pratibandhit" bhaeko lamo samaya samapta bhayo rar hawai faujale yasalai "blip fest" bhanera hawama ullekha garyo. kbbhibi aitbar bihan "kicks brookharusanga americi deshko ganana" rar shanibar ratma dije sinisterdwara utpadit "contry fried mixes" kaa lagi bazar sambadha how. hd radio. october 15,2014 maa, kebibhibile hdma prasaran suru garyo, tiniharulai hd radio technology prayog garera fargo-murdako bajarma pahilo wyawasayik station banayo. ek hapta pachhi october 22 maa, kebibhibile fargoko kbbhibi studio bahirko stl rile towerbata sanchalit sanchalit 94.5 maa anuwadaksanga "da luft" bhanine triple-ae dhanchabadha dhanchabadha upa-channel suru garyo. october 30 maa, upa channele syriousexemko trademark davika karan "sahar" ko rupma punah brand garyo. maa upa-channel simulcasted kcudablyubi-emm, "willy @1660" bhanera chinine ek classic contry station, june pachhi fucks sports radio sambadha banyo. july 2016 maa maa signal cyster station station maa sario.

kee. bii. bhi. bii. kee. bii. bhi. bii. (95.1 aif. emm., "bub 95 aif. emm.") heuchhi eka desabhittika prasarana karuthiba redio station. barnesabhil, minnesota paain licences prapta, ehaa fargo-morehead metropolitan anchalaku seba pradan kare . ehaa prathame 1980 masihare minnesota sthita 95.3 detroit hradare cull shine kee. dii. ell. emm.-aif. emm. adheenare prasarana arambha karithila. licencedhari redio fargo-murhead, incorporated jariaare ehi stationti bartamana james ebong brook ingstadra malikanare rahichhi. samasta karjyalaja ebong studio 2720 7maha aabere abasthita. phargore dakhinare, ehara transmitter jayu ray abasthita .ess. murhedra thick dakhinare 75tama marga. itihas. 95.1980 masiha belaku, minisota hradara 95.3 frequency upare kee. dii. ell. emm.-aif. emm. bhabe, detroit hrada paain licences prapta hoi, 1 ehara zeeban arambha karithila. 1995 masihare ottertail pawara companyra eka bibhaga mediates broadcasting dwara lyton broadcastingru ehi station kinajaithila. sehi samajare studioku nutan bhaunee-station kfgo/kfgo-fm ebong kvox/kvox-fm sahita sthanantarita karajaithila. kee. dii. ell. emm. 95.1 freekwensiku sthanantarita hoithila ebong cull akhyara kee. aif. jii. ex. adheenare "95x" bhabare bikalpa patharaku eka formatt flip hoithila . ehi formatt apekhyakruta swalpa samai paain thila kaaran 1997 ray stationti bayaska samasamajikaku paribartita hoithila, taa 'parey 1998 ray "rock 95" bhabare mukhyadharara rock. parey 1999 ray james ingstadanka dwara mediate prasarana kinajaithila . clear channell communication 2000 masihare ingstadara fargo stationgudiku kinithila, ebong 95.1 nadira arambha eka bayaska samasamajika formatt sahita hoithila. 2003 masihare, minnesota antargata minepolisre thiba saha-malikanare thiba 'cities 97' bhali, krabhi ehara barttamanara aaa pharmataku badalai deithila. miniapolis rahr 97 sahara ray aaa formatt sahita saphalata parey, clear channell fargo ebong anyanya aneka bajaarare formatt punah srusti karithila . ehi stationgudika eka bruhata madhyabajaska, sushikhita darshakanku akarshita karanti jaahaa semananku bigyapanadatamananku aakarshaneeah ebong labhajanaka karithila, jadio semanankara samagrika darshaka sankhya adhika nathaipare . nadee 95.1 madhya pratibarsha dhanyabada deba parey christmas dibasa parjyanta christmas sangeeta prasarana kare . september 28,2006 ray, krabhi ebong fargora anya clear channell stationgudika phargore rahuthiba james ingstadanku bikri karajaithila. (purbaru shay kee. dii. aii. emm. rahr malika nathile, kaaran 2002 parjyanta shay dastakhat karinathile) ehi bikrajaku januari 19,2007 ray federal communication commission (aif. sii. sii.) dwara anumodana karajaithila. 2007 masiha march 8 tarikh madhyaratriru arambha curry krabi kramagata bhabe rolf harisnka dwara "tye mea kangaru down, sport" ku doharai stunting arambha karithile. 2007 masiha march 12 tarikhare, stationti kee. bii. bhi. bii. "bub 95 aif. emm". ray parinata hoithila. bub 95 aif. emm. eka tatkhyanat priya hoigala, aanshika bhabare semanankara prarambhika tibhi bigyapana hetu, jaahaa prajatah eka lokpriya geetaku parihas kare, jepariki kukuda nrutyare sabda joga kariba, ebong khreestamasare, "jingla bail" punarbara lekhiba . semananka bigyapanare prajatah "bub putul" madhya pradarshita heuthila jeunthire jane kaubae ebong dui john bubber antarbhukta thile. bub 95 paain eka "whill aun daa bus" byangatmaka byanjan madhya thila jeunthire aneka bhinna bhinna sanskarana thila jeunthire paschima fargo agnisham bibhaga sameth fargo-moorhead anchalara lokanka gosthi jingla gaithibara darshajaithila. nikata ateetare, kee. bii. bhi. bii. kaunasi sthaniah tibhi spot chalainahin. tebe, kaubae putul (jaahaa adhikansha bigyapanare abhinai karithila) ebe bii pareda ebong iventare stationer mascott bhabare karjya kare, ebong station yaana madhyaru gotiere madhya dekhajaithae . 2010rahr basanta ruture arbitron reting kee. bii. bhi. bii. ku 8.4 bhaga deithila, jaahaa semananku kee. aif. jii. oh. ebong kee. quabliu. bii.-aif. emm. pachaku eka. qua. etch. ansha aadhaarare bajaarare truteeja sthana redio stationre parinata karithila, jahara jathakrame 12.1 ebong 9.6 thila. ehaa pratham thara paain bub95 pratijogee fruggy 99.9 ku atikrama karichhi jie 7.9 ansha panjikruta karithile . arbitron reting. sebetharu, duiti station madhyare reting ladhei pratidwanditamoolaka rahichhi-stationgudika prajatah mukut karbar karanti . 2012 ray, ehaa ghoshana karajaithila je kee. bii. bhi. bii., ingstadra anya fargo station sahita meey 1 ru karjyakaree hoithiba eka chuktire midwest jogajogaku $25 nijutare bikri karajiba. gotie deane parey, ingstad crostown pratidwandee goo redio fargo kinithile, jeunthire station cavex-aif. emm., kee. pii. aif. ex., kee. ell. tii. aii., kee. bii. emm. dablyu., kee. kyu. dablyu. bii.-aif. emm. ebong kee. kyu. dablyu. bii.-aam. $9.5 nijutare antarbhukta . pardin, ingstad ebong midwest communication ghoshana karithile je semane eka samaana banijyare contry station kee. bii. bhi. bii. ebong kee. bhi. oh. ess. rahr banijya karibe. sehi banijya august 5,2013 ray karjyakaree hoithila, jaahaa kevaksaku madhyapaschimaku pathaithila, ebong kee. bii. bhi. bii. ku zim ingstadanka haataku ferai deithila. shrotamane paribartana lakhya karibe naahin bolly khabara satwe, kebhibhab rahr luci black ebong collin taylor (jie jathakrame midwest sahita rahithile ebong crook ebong keviksa jaithile) sahita kevioksara marning shoe "jese, amanda ebong pike" ku batil karajaithila. "jese, amanda ebong pike" kichhi saptaha parey kee. bii. bhi. bii. bhaunee station qualtare punarbara dekhajaithila. 2015 july 4 tarikhare, kebibi ebong moola company redio fm midia dii laa hunt prasaranaru kskke-fm adhigrahan shesh karithile. kee. ess. kee. sii. sii. siganalaku frazie, minnesota, ebong kee. dii. ell. bii. ku sthanantara karajaithila, ebong kee. bii. bhi. bii. ku samaana prasarana arambha karajaithila. ehaa shrotamananka harijaithiba sthanaku badalai deithila jetebele 95.1 semananka sanketaku fargo metro nikatatar karithila jetebele semane "bub 95" ku olatithile . kee. dii. ell. bii. sanketa mukhyatah kee. aarr. sii. kyu.-aif. emm. sahita pratidwandita karithae. navember 4,2015 ray, ehaa ghoshana karajaithila je kee. bii. bhi. bii. wi fester sarkari redio station heba, jaahaa "americara sarbabruhata desh ebong camping utsaba" bhabare bigyapana diajaichhi. tini barshar ehi chukti 2016rahr mahostabaru arambha heba. ehaa stationku utsabaru "nishedha" karajiba ebong airstraph ehaaku aakaashare "blip fest" bhabare ullekha karibara eka dirgha samai samapta karithila . rabibara sakale "kicks brooks sahita americae desh countdown" paain kee. bii. bhi. bii. heuchhi bajaara sahajogee, ebong shanibara raatire dii. jay. sinister dwara utpadita "desh bhaji mishran" . echa. dii. redio. october 15,2014 ray, kee. bii. bhi. bii. echa. dii. ray prasarana arambha karithila, jaahaa semananku echa. dii. redio technology byabahara curry fargo-morehead bajaarare pratham banijyika stationre parinata karithila. eka saptaha parey october 22 ray, kee. bii. bhi. bii. phargore kee. bii. bhi. bii. studio bahare thiba ess. tii. ell. rile tawararu parichalita kee. 233. sii. aai. 94.5 ray jane anubadakanka saha "daa luft" namaka eka triple-aii formatt echa. dii. 2 sab-channell arambha karithila. october 30 ray, syrious xm rahr eka treadmark daabi hetu sab channell "sahara" bhabare punah brand hoithila . echa. dii. 3 upa-chyanelare 'kee. kyu. dablyu. bii.-aam' rahr eka samaana prasarana karajaithila, jaahaa 'wili @1660' naamare janashuna eka classic contry station, jaahaa parey foxes sports redio saha anubandhita hoithila. july 2016 ray, echa. dii. 3 signalti bhagini station kee. pii. aif. ex.-echa. dii. 3 ku sthanantarita hoithila.

keey. bee. vee. bee. keey. bee. vee. bee. (95.1 eff. aimm., "baub 95 eff. aimm.") ikk radio station haii joe ikk desh dey format witch prasarit karda haii. barnesville, minnesota laee licences prapat, ih fargo-moorhead metropolitan khetar dee seva karda haii. iss daa prasaran pahili vaar 1980 witch qaal sine keey. dee. ail. aim.-aif. aim. dey tehat 95.3 detroit jheelan, minnesota utte shuru hoiaa see. iss vele licency radio fargo-moorhead, ink duaara station dee malkiat james atey brook ingsted cole haii. saare daftar atey studio 2720 2720 aive 'teey sathit hunn. fargo witch dakkhan witch, jadon kii isda transmitter yuu utte sathit haii.aiss. ruut 75 moorhead dey dakkhan witch haii. itihaas. 95.1 neey 1980 dey aas paas aapne jeevan dee shuruat detroit jheelan, minnesota laee laisanshuda 95.3 frequency utte keey. dee. ail. aim.-aif. aim. dey roop witch keeti. iss station noon 1995 witch leaton broadcasting toon middinates broadcasting duaara kharidiaa giaa see, joe kii ottertail pawar company dee ikk division haii. uss samein studio noon navein bhainn-station bhainn-station atey kvox/kvox-fm naal tabdil keeta giaa see. keey. dee. aill. aimm. 95.1 frequency 'teey chalaa giaa atey qaal akkhar keey. eff. jee. aiks. dey tehat "95x" dey roop witch vikalpik chattan laee ikk format flip keeta giaa. ih format mukabaltan chhota see kiunki station 1997 witch baalag samkali witch tabdil hoow giaa see, firr 1998 witch "raak 95" dey roop witch mukkh dhaara dee chattan. baad witch 1999 witch james ingsted duaara middle prasaran noon kharidiaa giaa see. clear channel sanchar neey 2000 witch ingsted dey fargo stationan noon kharidiaa, atey nadee 95.1 dee shuruat ikk baalag samkali format naal keeti. kravi neey 2003 witch aapne maujuda aaa format witch tweak keeta, joe kii minnepolis, minnesota witch sahi-malkiat vaale ktcs "cities 97" dey samaan haii. miniapolis witch 97 shahiran witch aaa format dee safalta toon baad, clear channel neey fargo atey kaee horr bazaran witch format noon dubara banaiaa. ih station ikk vadde adhkhad umar dey, changi tarahan padhe-likhe darshakan noon aakarshit karde hunn jiss neey unhan noon ishtihaar denh valiaan noon aakarshit keeta atey labhdaik banaiaa, iss tatth dey bavjood kii unhan dey samuche darshak vadde naheen sunn. nadee 95.1 harr saal christmas dey dinn takk dhanvad toon baad christmas sangeet daa prasaran kardi see. 28 satambar, 2006 noon, kravi atey fargo dey horr clear channel stationan noon fargo witch rahinn vaale james ingsted noon waps wetch ditta giaa see. (uh pahilan keey. dee. aimm. daa maalak naheen see, jiven kii 2002 takk dastkhat naheen keete gaye sunn) vikri noon 19 janwari, 2007 noon federal sanchar commission (eff. see. see.) duaara manzuri ditti gaee see. 8 march, 2007 dee addhi raat toon shuru hoow keey, kravi neey rolf harris duaara lagatar "tyee mee kangaru daaoon, sports" duhra keey kambal honaa shuru qarr ditta. 12 march, 2007 noon, station keey. bee. vee. bee. "baub 95 eff. aimm." bann giaa. baub 95 eff. aimm. ikk turant pasandida bann giaa, anshak taur 'teey uhanan dey shuruati tii. vee. vigiaapnan dey caarn, joe aksar ikk prasidh geet dee parody karde hunn, jiven kii chikan dance witch shabad jodna, atey christmas' teey, "jingle ghantiaan" dubara likhna. uhanan dey ishtiharan witch aksar "baub kathputli" vee dikhai dinde sunn jiss witch ikk kaoobuae atey doou bobber shamal hunde hunn. baub 95 laee ikk "wheels aana dha buss" parody vaparak vee see jiss witch kaee vakkh-vakkh sanskaran sunn jinhan witch fargo-moorhead khetar dey lokan dey samoohan noon jingle gaunde hoye dikhaiaa giaa see, jiss witch pachmi fargo fire vibhag vee shamal see. haal hii dey saalan witch, keey. bee. vee. bee. neey koee sathanak tii. vee. sathaan naheen chalaiaa haii. halanki, kaoobuae kathputli (joe ziaadaatar vigiaapnan witch abhinai kardi haii) ajey vee pred atey programan witch station dey masket vajon kamm kardi haii, atey station vaahanan vicchon ikk utte vee dikhai dindi haii. basant 2010 arbiton rating neey keey. bee. vee. bee. noon 8.4 hissa ditta, jiss naal uh keey. eff. jee. ou. atey keey. kioo. dablioo. bee.-eff. aimm. dey pichhe aii. kioo. aich. hissedari dey adhaar 'teey markeet witch teeja sathaan prapat curran vaala radio station bann giaa, jiss daa kramvaar 12.1 atey 9.6 see. ih pahili vaar haii jadon jadon neey mukablebaaz froggy noon pachad ditta haii, jiss neey 7.9 share daraj keete hunn. arbiton rating. udon toon, dovan stationan darmiaan rating dee ladai pratiyogi rahee haii-stationan naal aksar taaj daa vapaar hunda haii. 2012 witch, ih ailaan keeta giaa see kii keey. bee. vee. bee., ingsted dey horr fargo stationan dey naal ikk saude witch midwest sanchar noon $25 million witch vechiaa javega joe 1 maee toon lagu hoiaa see. ikk dinn baad, ingsted neey crostaun virodhi goo radio fargo kharidiaa, jiss witch station cavox-eff. aimm., keey. pee. eff. aiks., keey. aill. tii. aii., keey. bee. aimm. dablioo., keey. kioo. dablioo. bee.-eff. aimm. atey keey. kioo. dablioo. bee.-aimm. shamal hunn. agle dinn, ingsted atey midwest sanchar neey ailaan keeta kii uh ikk samaan vapaar witch desh dey stationan kbvb atey kvox daa vapaar karange. ih vapaar 5 agast, 2013 noon lagu hoiaa, jiss neey cavox noon maddh-pachham witch bhejiaa, atey keey. bee. vee. bee. noon jimm ingsted dey hatthan witch waps bhej ditta. inhan reportan dey bavjood kii sarotiaan noon tabdiliaan daa dhiaan naheen javega, keey. vee. vee. bee. dey luci black atey collin teller (joe kramvaar midwest naal rahey atey crock atey keey. vee. ou. aiss. gaye) dey naal-naal keey. vee. ou. aiss. daa sware daa shoa "jess, amanada atey pike" radd qarr ditta giaa see. "jess, amanada atey pike" kujh haftiaan baad keey. bee. vee. bee. bhainn station kalta vikhe dubara pragat hoiaa. 4 julai dey hafte dey ant witch, keey. bee. vee. bee. atey mool company radio eff. aimm. media neey dee laa hunt prasaran toon keey. aiss. keey. keey.-eff. aimm. dee prapati puurii qarr laee see. kskk signal noon frazee, Minnesota witch tabdil qarr ditta giaa see, jiss daa naam badal keey kdlb rakkhiaa giaa see, atey kbvb noon simalcast karna shuru qarr ditta giaa see. iss neey sarotiaan dee gumm hoee ginti noon badal ditta jadon 95.1 neey aapne signal noon fargo metro dey nede lae gaye jadon uh "baub 95" vall pult gaye. keey. dee. ail. bee. signal mukkh taur utte keey. aar. see. kioo.-eff. aimm. naal mukabala karda haii. 4 navambar, 2015 noon, ih ailaan keeta giaa see kii keey. bee. vee. bee. vee. festival daa adhikarat radio station bann javega, jiss noon "amrica daa sabh toon vadda desh atey camping festival" vajon ishtihaar ditta giaa haii. tinn saal daa sauda 2016 dey tiuhar naal shuru hovega. iss naal station dey tiuhar toon "pabandishuda" honn dee lambi miaad khatam hoow gaee atey havaai fauj neey iss noon havaa witch "bleep festival" vajon darsaiaa. keey. bee. vee. bee. aitwar dee sware noon "kicks brooks naal amriki desh dee ulti ginti" laee markeet affiliate haii, atey shanivar deeaan raatan noon deeje sinister duaara tiaar keeta giaa "desh daa taley hoye micks" haii. aich. dee. radio 15 aktubar, 2014 noon, keey. bee. vee. bee. neey aich. dee. witch prasaran shuru keeta, jiss naal uh aich. dee. radio technology dee varton karde hoye fargo-moorhead markeet witch pahila vaparak station bann giaa. ikk hafte baad 22 aktubar noon, keey. bee. vee. bee. neey fargo witch keey. bee. vee. bee. studio dey bahr stl. rile tower toon sanchalit sanchalit 94.5 utte ikk anuvadak dey naal "laft" namak ikk triple-aii format format upp-channel lanch keeta. 30 aktubar noon, upp channel noon cereosexm dey trademark daave caarn "shehar" vajon dubara brand keeta giaa. aich. dee. 3 upp-channel simalcasted keey. kioo. dablioo. bee.-aim., ikk classic contry station jiss noon "villie @1660" vajon janhiaa jaanda haii, joe baad witch ikk fox sports radio affiliate bann giaa. aich. dee. 3 signal julai 2016 witch bhainn station keey. pee. eff. aiks.-aich. dee. 3 witch tabdil hoow giaa.

key. bee. vee. bee. key. bee. vee. bee. (95.1 ef. emm., "baab 95 ef. emm.") iti desha-swaroopasya prasaaranam kurvataam radio-kendram asti. barnesville, minnesotaa-nagaram prati anudnyaapatram praapya, etat faargo-moorhead-mahanagar-kshetre karyam karoti. 1980 tame varshe key. dee. ell. emm.-ef. emm. iti kaal-sain ityasya antargatam, minnesotaa-nagarasya 95.3 detroit-sarovareshu, prathamam prasaaranam aarabdham. samprati asya sthanakasya svaamitvam james tathaa brook ingstad ityetayoho laisens-praaptasya radio faargo-moorhead, ink ityasya madhyamena asti. sarvaani karyalayani, studios cha 2720 7 tama-ev ityatra santi. dakshinadishi faargo-nagare, tasya prasaarakah yoo-ityatra sthitah asti.ess. maargah 75, moorhead ityasya dakshinadishi eva asti. itihaasah. 95.1 1980 tame varshe key. dee. ell. emm.-ef. emm. iti rupena 95.3 aavruttihi iti anudnyaapatram praptva minisota-ityasya detroit-sarovaraanaam krute jeevanam aarabhat. 1995 tame varshe laitan-broadcasting-samsthayaa ottertail-power-kampenee ityasya vibhagena middets-broadcasting-samsthayaa etat kendram kreenitam. tasmin samaye studio nootanaih bhagineesathaanaih key. ef. jee. o./key. ef. jee. o.-ef. emm. tathaa key. vee. o. ess./key. vee. o. ess.-ef. emm. ityetaih saha sthanantaritaha. key. dee. ell. emm.-samsthaayaah aavruttihi 95.1 abhavat, tathaa cha key. ef. jee. ex. iti kaal-aksharasya adhah "95x" iti vaikalpika-shilaa-rupena parivartanam krutam. 1997 tame varshe vayaskar-samakaaleen-sthanakam, tatah 1998 tame varshe "raak 95" iti mukhyadharayaha raak-sthanakam cha parivartitam, ataha etat swaroopam apekshaakrutam alpakalam yaavat eva aasit. anantaram 1999 tame varshe james ingstad ityanena midnets-prasaaranam krayanm krutam. clear-chaanal-communications 2000 tame varshe ingstad-ityasya faargo-sthanakebhyah krinaat, tathaa cha 95.1-nadyaah aarambhah vayaska-samakaaleen-swaroopena abhavat. 2003 tame varshe krvee-samsthaa vartamaanasya aaa-swaroopam parivartayat, yat minnesotaa-nagarasya minnepolis-nagarasya saha-svaamitvasya ktcs "cities 97" ityasya sadrusham aasit. miniapolis-nagarasya 97 nagareshu aaa-praaroopasy safalataayaah anantaram, faargo-nagare tathaa anyeshu anekeshu vipananeshu, clear-chaanal-ityanena swaroopam punah nirmitam. ete sthanakaha vishaalam madhyamavayaskam sushikshitam cha prekshakam aakarshayanti, yena te vidnyaapanadaatrubhyah aakarshitaah, laabhapradah cha bhavanti, yadyapi teshaam samagram prekshakaah bahudhaa naa aasan. 95. 1 nadee api prativarsham chrismus-divasaparyantam thyaanksgiving-ityasya anantaram chrismus-sangeetam api prasaarayati. 2006 september 28 dinaanke, krvee tathaa faargo-nagarasya anyaani spashta-vahinisanchalasthanakaha faargo-nagare nivasatah james ingstad ityasmai punah vikreeyant. (saha poorvam key. dii. emm. ityasya maalikah naseet, yatah 2002 paryantam saha hastaaksharam naa krutavaan.) 19 janavaree 2007 dinaanke federal-communications-commission (ef. sii. sii.) ityanena vikrayanam anumoditam. 2007 maarch 8 dinaanke madhyaraatrau aarabhy, rolf harris ityanena "tai mee kangaru down, sport" iti nirantaram punaraavartayitvaa kruvihi vruddhyah abhavat. 2007 maarch 12 dinaanke etat sthaanakam key. bee. vee. bee. "baab 95 ef. emm." iti abhavat. baab 95 ef. emm. tatkshanameva priyam abhavat, aamshikaroopena teshaam praarambhik-dooradarshan-vidnyaapanaanaam karanat, yat praayah lokapriyasy gitasya anukaranam karoti, yathaa chikan-nrutye shabdaani yojayanti, chrismus-dine "jingal-bails" punah likhanti. teshaam vidnyaapanaani praayah "baab-putulaani" api pradarshitaah aasan, yeshu ekaha kaubaay, dwau baabar ityetau cha antarbhavanti. baab 95 ityasya krute "wheels aan da bus" iti vyanjanaatmakam vyanjanaachitram api aasit, yasya aneke bhinnasamskaranaani aasan, yatra faargo-moorhead-kshetrasya jananam samoohaah jingal-geetam gaayanti sma, yatra vest faargo-agnishaamakavibhaagah api aasit. sadyah varsheshu key. bee. vee. bee. ityanena kimapi sthaniyam dooradarshan-sthalam naa chaalitam asti. parantu, kaubaay-putalee (yaa adhikaamsheshu vidnyaapaneshu abhinayam akarot) adyaapi pared-karyakrameshu cha sthanakasya mascott-rupena karyam karoti, tathaa cha sthanaka-vaahanayoh ekasmin api drushyate. 2010 tamasya varshasya vasantakaale arbitron-retting-dwara key. bee. vee. bee.-samsthaayaah 8.4 amshah dattah, yena te key. ef. jee. o. tathaa key. kyoo. doubleu. bee.-ef. emm. ityetayoho anantaram, yathaa kramashah 12.1 tathaa 9.6 amshayuktasya, e. key. ech.-amshasya aadhaaren vipanyaam trutiyasthanam radio-kendram abhavat. anena prathamavaaram prathamavaaram iti spardhikaam fragee 99.9 ityenam atikramayat, yah 7.9 amsham panjeekrutavaan. arbitron rettings. tatah param, dwayoh sthaanakeshu madhye moolyaankan-yuddham pratispardhaatmakam eva asti-sthaanakeshu praayah mukutasya vyaapaarah bhavati. 2012 tame varshe, ghoshanaa krutaa yat key. bee. vee. bee., ingstad ityasya anyaih faargo-kendraih saha, mey-masasya 1 dinaanke amalikaranasya ekaa karaarah, midwest-communications-samsthaayai $25 dashalaxam prati vikrayitam bhavishyati iti. ekadivase anantaram, ingstad, crosstan-pratidwandwee-go radio faargo-samsthaam krinaat, yasmin kevoks-ef. emm., key. pee. ef. ex., key. ell. tea. e., key. bee. emm. doubleu., key. kyoo. doubleu. bee.-ef. emm., key. kyoo. doubleu. bee.-emm. cha samsthanam moolyam $9.5 laksham aasit. agrime dine, ingstad tathaa midwest-communications ityetaah ghoshanaah krutavantah yat te key. bee. vee. bee. tathaa key. vee. o. ess. ityetayoho desha-kendranam samaan-vyaapaarasy vyaapaaram karishyanti iti. saha vyaapaarah 2013 august 5 dinaanke prabhaawitah, yena kevoks-nagaram madhyapashchimam prati, key. bee. vee. bee.-nagaram cha jim-ingstad ityasya haste punah preshitam. shrotaah parivartanaani naa drashtum shaknuvanti iti prativedanaani satsu api, key. bee. vee. bee. ityasya lucie-blaak tathaa kaalin-teller (ye kramashah midwest-deshe sthitvaa krauk tathaa kevoks-ityatra gatavantah) ityetaih saha, kevoks ityasya praatahkaalasy kaaryakramah "jesse, amanda tathaa paik" iti nirastah abhavat. "jesse, amanda tathaa paik" iteedam katipayasaptahaha anantaram key. bee. vee. bee. cyster steshan clta ityatra punah drushyate sma. 2015 julai-masasya 4 dinaanke saptahante, key. bee. vee. bee. tathaa mool-samsthaa radio-ef. emm. media cha day laa hunt-prasaranena key. ess. key. key-ef. emm. ityasya adhigrahanam samaapyanta. key. ess. key. key. sanketah frasey, minnesotaa ityatra nyastah, key. dee. ell. bee. iti punah namakaranam krutvaa, key. bee. vee. bee. ityasya ekasamanaprakshepanam aarabdhavaan. anena shrotrusankhyaa nashtam abhavat, yadaa 95.1 janaah "baab 95" ityatra palaayanam krutvaa faargo-metro-nagarasya sameepe sanketam nyavedayat. key. dee. ell. bee. sanketah mukhyataya key. aar. see. kyoo-ef. emm. ityanena saha spardhate. 2015 tame varshe november-masasya 4 dinaanke, key. bee. vee. bee. vee-fest ityasya adhikarikam radio-kendram bhavishyati iti ghoshitam, yat "amerikaadeshasy bruhattamam desham, shibir-utsavah cha" iti vidnyaapitam asti. trivarsheeya-karaarah 2016 tame varshe utsavena arabhyate sma. anena utsavaat "pratibandhitam" dirghakalam yaavat sthaanam samaaptam abhavat, tathaa cha vaayupathah tatt vaayuvege "bleep-fest" iti nirdishyat. key. bee. vee. bee. iti ravivaasare praatahkaale "kiks-brooks-yuktasya american-deshasya gananasy", tathaa cha dii. jey. sinister ityanena nirmitasya shanivaasare raatrau "da-contry-fraid micks" ityasya vipanyasahabhaagah asti. echa. dee. radio. 2014 october 15 dinaanke key. bee. vee. bee. ityanena echa. dee. madhye prasaaranam aarabdham, yena te echa. dee. radio-tantrajnaanasya upayogena faargo-moorhead-vipanyaam prathamam vaanijya-kendram abhavat. ekasaptahabhyantare october 22 dinaanke key. bee. vee. bee. ityanena "da laft" iti namakam trigunitam echa. dee. 2 upa-vaahineem praarabdham, yatra faargo-nagarasya key. bee. vee. bee. studio-ityasya bahihi ess. tea. ell. rile-gopuraat sanchaalitah key. 233. see. 94.5 iti bhashantarakaha aasit. october 30 dinaanke, syrious-eksa. emm. ityasya treadmark-daavaayaah karanat upa-vaahinyaah "nagaram" iti punah brand krutam. echa. dee. 3 upa-vaahinyaah sama-prasaaranam key. kyoo. doubleu. bee.-e. emm. iti "vilee @1660" iti namna prasidham utkrushtam desha-kendram, yat pashchat faaks-creedaa-radio-sambaddham jaatam. 2016 julai-maase, ech. dee. 3 sanketah bhaginee-kendraya key. pee. ef. eksa.-ech. dee. 3 prati sthanantaritaha.

kbvb kae. pii. vii. pii (95.1 eff. emm, "paap 95 eff. emm") enbathu oru naattu vadivaththil oliparappaana oru vanoli nilaiyamaagum. minesotavin barnesvillicu urimam pettra idhu, barco-moorhead perunagarap pakuthikku saevai seikirathu. idhu muthanmuthalil 1980 aam aandil alaippu adaiyaalamaana kdlm-fm inn keezh 95.3 tetroid aerikal, minnesotavil oliparappath thodangiyathu. inththa nilaiyam tharpoothu james mattrum brook instat enbavarukku urima pettra radio barco-moorhead, ink moolam sonthamaanathu. anaitthu aluvalagangkalum studiyoakkalum 2720 7 vadhu munaiyil amainthullana. therkae paarkoavil, adhan transmitter yuu ill amainthullathu.ess. ruud 75 moorhead therku. varalaaru. 95.1 1980 aam aandil 95.3 athirvennil tetroid aerikal, minnesottaavukku urimam pettra kdlm-fm aaga adhan vaazhkkaiyaith thodangiyathu. inththa nilaiyam 1995 aam aandil leiton oliparappilirunthu midheats oliparappu niruvanatthaal vaangkappattathu, idhu ottertail minn niruvanaththin oru pirivaagum. antha neraththil studio puthiya chakoothari nilaiyangalaana kfco/kfco-fm mattrum kvox/kvox-fm udan maattrappattathu. kdlm 95.1 athirvennukku nagarnthu, alaippu kadidhamaana kfgx inn keezh "95x" yena maattru paaraikku oru vadivaththirku maariyathu. inththa vadivam oppeettalavil kurugiya kaalaththirku irunththathu, aenenil nilaiyam 1997 ill vayathu vanthoarukkaana samagaalaththirku maattrappattathu, pinnar 1998 ill "raak 95" yena pirathaana paarai. pinnar 1999 ill james ingstat moolam midnates oliparappu vaangkappattathu. thelivaana alaivarisaith thodarbugal 2000 aam aandil instatin barco nilaiyangalai vaangkina, maelum 95.1 endra nadhi vayathu vanthoarukkaana samagaala vadivaththudan arimugamaanathu. 2003 aam aandil adhan tharpoothaiya aaa vadivaththirku kruvi maattrappattathu, minnesotavin minnabolisil ulla inai sonthamaana cadex "nagarangal 97" aip poalavae. minnabolisil ulla 97 nagarangalil aaa vadivaththudan vetrtripettra piragu, clear saenal barco mattrum pala santhaigalil vadivaththai meendum uruvaakkiyathu. inththa nilaiyangkal oru periya naduththara vayathu, nanku padiththa paarvaiyaalargalai eerkkum munaippil ullana, idhu vilambarathaarargalai eerkkavum ilaapakaramaanathaakavum irunththathu, iruppinum avai ottumoththa paarvaiyaalargalai athigamaagak kondirukkavillai. aanduthoarum nandri seluththiya piragu christhumas naall varai christhumas isaiyai nadhi 95.1 oliparappiyathu. septumber 28,2006 andru, kirvi mattrum paarkoavil ulla pira thelivaana saenal nilaiyangkal paarkoavil vasikkum james ingstaadukku meendum virkappattana. (2002 varai kaiyezhuththidaadhapadi, avar munbu kae. dii. emm-aii sonthamaaga vaiththirukavillai.) inththa virpanai janavari 19,2007 andru koottaatchi thagaval thodarbu aanaiyatthaal (eff. chii. chii) angkeekarikkappattathu. maarch 8,2007 nalliravil thodangi, rolf haaris thodarnthu "dye mee gangaru down, sport" endru meendum meendum koori, kurvi kundrath thodangkinaar. maarch 12,2007 andru, nilaiyam kbvb "paap 95 efm" aanathu. paap 95 efm oru udanadi viruppamaanathaaka maariyathu, oralavu avarkalin aarambagaala tholaikaatchi vilambarangkal kaaranamaaga, idhu perumpaalum oru pirabalamaana paadalai kaelii seikirathu, koazhi nadanaththil vaarththaigalaich serppathu poantrathu, christhumasil, "jingle manigalai" meendum ezhuthukirathu. avarkalin vilambarangkalil perumpaalum oru kavpaai mattrum irandu paaparkal adangkiya "paap pommaigal" idampettrana. paap 95 kkaana oru "bussil chakkarankal" nagaichchuvaiyaana vilambaramum irunththathu, athil pala vevvaeru pathippukal irunththana, idhil maerku barco theeyanaipputh thurai udpada barco-moorhead paguthiyaich saerntha makkal kuzhukkal jinglipe paadugindrana. sameepathiya aandugalil, kae. pii. vii. pii endha ulloor tholaikaatchi idangkalaiyum nadaththavillai. iruppinum, kavpaai pommai (perumpaalaana vilambarangkalil nadiththa) innum anivaguppugal mattrum nigazhvugalil nilaiyaththin chinnamaaka seyalpadugirathu, maelum nilaiya vaaganangkalil ondril thoandrugirathu. vasantha 2010 arbitron mathippeedugal kbvb kku 8.4 pangaik kodutthana, idhu kfco mattrum kqwb-fm kku pinnaal ulla aqh bangkin adippadaiyil santhaiyil 3 vadhu ida vanoli nilaiyamaaga amainthathu, avarkal muraiyae 12.1 mattrum 9.6 aik kondirunthanar. idhu muthal muraiyaaga paap95 poattiyaalaraana fraki 99.9 aii vida athigamaaga ullathu, avar 7.9 pangai pathivu seithaar. arbitron mathippeedugal. appoathirunthu, irandu nilaiyangalukkidaiyeyaana mathippeettu poar poattiththanmaiyudan ullathu-nilaiyangkal perumpaalum kireedaththai varththagam seigindrana. 2012 aam aandil, kae. pii. vii. pii, instaddin pira sarakkup poakkuvaraththu nilaiyangaludan saernthu matthiya maerkuth thodarbugalukku $25 milliyanukku virkappadum endru arivikkappattathu, idhu mae 1 aam thaethi nadaimuraikku vanthathu. oru naall kaliththu, instat crosstown poattiyaalaraana coow radio parkovai vaankinaar, idhil nilaiyangkal cavox-efm, kae. pii. eff. ex, kae. ell. dii. aee, kae. pii. emm. doublue, kae. kyuu. doublue. pii-efm mattrum kae. kyuu. doublue. pii-aam aagiyavai 9.5 million dollarkalukku. aduththa naall, instat mattrum midwest communications, avarkal oru samamaana varththagaththil kbvb mattrum kvox varththaga naattu nilaiyangalaaga iruppaargal endru ariviththanar. antha varththagam august 5,2013 andru nadaimuraikku vanthathu, idhu cavoxai matthiya maerkirku anuppiyathu, maelum kae. pii. vii. pii meendum jiim instatin kaikalil vanthathu. cadeboar maattrangkalaik kavanikka maattaargal endra arikkaikal irunththapoathilum, kvvb-yinn luci pilaak mattrum kaalin daelarudan (muraiyae matthiya maerkil thangki, kruk mattrum kwaaksukkuch sendravar) cavixin kaalai nigazhchchi "jessy, amanda mattrum paik" rathu seiyappattathu. "jessy, amanda mattrum paik" sila vaarangkalukkup piragu kae. pii. vii. pii chakoothari nilaiyam kildaavil meendum thoantriyathu. juulai 4 aam thaethi vaara iruthiyil, 2015, kbvb mattrum thaai niruvanamaana radio efm media aagiyavai dii laa hunt oliparappilirunthu kskk-fm aii kaiyagappaduththiyathai mudiththana. kskk samignai frazi, minnesottaavukku maattrappattathu, kdlb endru marupeyaridappattathu, maelum kbvb aii oray maathiriyaaga oliparappath thodangiyathu. 95. 1 avarkal "paap 95" kku purattumpoathu thangal samignaiyai barco metrovukku nerukkamaaga nagarththiyapoathu kaetpavargalin izhappai idhu maattriyathu. kdlb samignai muthanmaiyaaga krcq-fm udan poattiyidukirathu. navambar 4,2015 andru, kae. pii. vii. pii. vii festin athikaarappoorva vanoli nilaiyamaaga maarum endru arivikkappattathu, idhu "americavin migapperiya naadu mattrum mugaamidum thiruvilaa" endru vilambarappaduththappattullathu. moontru aandu oppantham 2016 thiruvizhaavudan thodangum. idhu thiruvizhaavilirunthu nilaiyaththin neenda oottaththai "thadai seithathu" mattrum vanveli adhai "bleep fest" endru kurippidugiradhu. kae. pii. vii. pii enbathu nyaayittrukkizhamai kaalaiyil "kicks purookkugaludan america naadu kavunddavun" mattrum sanikkizhamai iravugalil dii. jay. sinister thayaarikkum "naattu varuththa kalavai" aagiyavattrirkaana santhai inaippaagum. ech. dii. radio. october 15,2014 andru, kae. pii. vii. pii. ech. dii. yill oliparappath thodangiyathu, idhu ech. dii radio tholilnutpaththaip payanpaduththi barco-moorhead santhaiyil muthal vaniga nilaiyamaaga amainthathu. oru vaaraththirkup piragu october 22 andru, kae. pii. vii. pii. paarkoavil ulla kae. pii. vii. pii studiovukku veliyae ulla ess. dii. ell rilae koopuraththilirunthu iyakkappadum kae233chii 94.5 ill oru mozhipeyarppaalarudan "thii laft" endru azhaikkappadum moontru-aee vadivamaikappatta ech. dii. 2 thunai-saenalai arimugappaduththiyathu. october 30 andru, curiousxm-inn varththaga mutthirai urimaikoaral kaaranamaaga thunai saenal "nagaram" endru marupeyaridappattathu. villie @1660" endru azhaikkappadum oru unnathamaana naattuppura nilayamaana ech. dii. 3 thunai-saenal oray maathiriyaaga oliparappappattathu, idhu pinnar oru fax sports radio inaippaaka maariyathu. juulai 2016 ill ech. dii. 3 signal chakoothari nilayamaana kae. pii. eff. ex-ech. dii. 3 kku maattrappattathu.

keey. bii. vii. bii kbvb (95.1 efm, "baab 95 efm") anedi oka radeo station, idhi oka dhesha aakrutini prasaram chestundi. barnesville, minnesotaku licenses pondina idhi fargo-moorhead metropolitan praantaaniki sevalu andistundi. idhi mottamodata mottamodata coll saine kdlm-fm kinda 95.3 detroit sarassulu, minnesotaalo prasaram cheyadam praarambhinchindi. eee station prastutam licenses radeo fargo-moorhead, ink dwara james und brook ingstad yajamanyamlo undhi. anni karyalayalu mariyu studiolu 2720 7va ev vadda unnaayi. fargo loe dakshinaana, daani transmitter yuu loe undhi.ess. ruut 75 kevalam moorhead kii dakshinaana undhi. charitra. 95.1 1980 loe minnesotaloni detroit sarassulaku licenses pondina 95.3 frequencipy kdlm-efmga thana jeevitaanni praarambhinchindi. eee stationnu stationnu lyton broadcasting nundi midgate broadcasting, ootar tyle power company vibhagam konugolu chesindi. aaa samayamlo studio kotta sodari stationlu unna/unna-fm mariyu kvox/kvox-fm thoo maarchabadindi. kdlm 95.1 frequenseeki taralinchabadindi mariyu coll letter kfgx kinda "95x" gaa pratyaamnaaya raakki maarutundi. maarutundi vayojana samakaaleena stationga maarinanduna eee formatt saapekshamgaa swalpakaalikamgaa undhi, taruvaata taruvaata pradhana sravanti rock gaa "rock 95" gaa maarindi. taruvaata taruvaata james ingstad dwara mediots prasaram konugolu cheyabadindi. clear chaanal communications communications ingstad yokka fargo stationlanu konugolu chesindi, mariyu vayojana samakaaleena aakrutito 95.1 nadini praarambhinchindi. minnesotaloni minnepolisloni saha-yaajamaanyamloni ktg "cities 97" maadirigaane maadirigaane krvi daani prastuta aaa aakrutiki sardubaatu chesindi. minnepolisloni 97 nagarallo aaa formatt vijayavantam ayina taruvaata, clear chhaanel fargo mariyu aneka itara marketlalo formatnu punahsrushti chesindi. eee stationlu pedda madhya vayaskulaina, baga chaduvukunna prekshakulanu aakarshistaayi, ivi prakatanadaarulanu aakarshinchela mariyu labhadayakamga marai, ayinappatikee avi mottam meeda pedda prekshakulanu kaligi undakapovachhu. 95. 1 nadhi kooda prati samvatsaram chrismus roeju varaku thanks giving tarvaata chrismus sangeetaanni prasaram chesindi. september 28,2006naa, krvi mariyu fargo looni itara clear chaanal stationlu fargo loe nivasinche james ingstad kuu tirigi vikrayinchabaddaayi. (2002 varaku santakam cheyani vidhamgaa athanu gatamlo sontamgaa kedam kaligi laedu.) eee ammakanni janavari 19,2007naa federal communications commission (fcc) aamodinchindi. marchi 8,2007 ardharaatri nundi, rolf haaris nirantaram "tye mea kangaaruu down, sport" anie punaraavrutam cheyadam dwara krvi kungubatu praarambhinchaadu. marchi 12,2007naa, station kbvb "baab 95 fm" gaa maarindi. baab 95 efm vaari prarambha tv vaanijya prakatanala kaaranamgaa, paakshikamgaa takshana ishtamainadigaa maarindi, idhi tarachugaa chiken dance kuu padaalanu jodinchadam mariyu chrismus vadda, "jingle bells" nuu tirigi vrayadam vanti oka prasiddha patanu anukarana chestundi. vaari vaanijya prakatanallo tarachugaa oka kaubay mariyu iddaru babarlu unde "baab tholubommalu" kooda undevi. baab 95 kosam "wheels aann dhi bus" anae anukarana prakatana kooda undhi, indulo west fargo fair departmentto sahaa fargo-moorhead praantaaniki chendina vyaktula samuuhaalu jingle padatam vanti aneka vibhina samskaranalu unnaayi. iteevali samvatsaraalalo, keey. bii. vii. bii. yea sthaanika tv spotlanu nadapaledu. ayithe, kaubay tolubomma (chaalaa prakatanallo natinchinadi) ippatikee kavaatulu mariyu karyakramalalo station yokka chihnamgaa panichestundi, mariyu station vahanalalo okadaanilo kooda kanipistundi. 2010 vasantakaalamlo arbitron ratings kbvb kii 8.4 vatanu ichindi, tadwara vaaru varusaga 12.1 mariyu 9.6 kaligi unna unna mariyu kqwb-fm venuka aqh vataa aadhaaramgaa marketlo 3va sthaanamlo unna radeo stationga nilichaaru. idhi modatisaarigaa modatisaarigaa pootiidaaru fraggy 99.9 nuu adhigaminchindi, athanu 7.9 vatanu namodu chesaadu. arbitron ratings. appati nundi, rendu stationla madhya ratings yuddham poteegaa undhi-stationlu tarachugaa kireetam vartakam chestaayi. chestaayi, kbvb, ingstad yokka itara fargo staeshanlatoe paatu midwest communicationsku $25 millionlaku vikrayinchabadutundani prakatinchaaru, idhi mae 1 nundi amaluloki vachindi. oka roeju taruvaata, ingstad crosstowne pratyarthi goo radeo fargoni konugolu chesaadu, veetilo stationlu cavox-efm, kpfx, klta, kbmdablue, kcudabluby-efm mariyu kcudabluby-aam $9.5 millionlaku unnaayi. marusati roeju, ingstad mariyu midwest communications vaaru samaana vaanijyamlo desheeya stationlu kbvb mariyu cavox trading chestaarani prakatinchaaru. aaa vaanijyam augustu 5,2013 nundi amaluloki vachindi, idhi madhyapaschimaaniki kvox nuu pampindi, mariyu kbvb nii tirigi zim ingstad chetulloki pampindi. shrotalu maarpulanu gamanincharani nivedikalu unnappatikee, kvox yokka udayam pradarsana "jesse, amanda mariyu paik" raddu cheyabadindi, kbvb yokka lucie block mariyu callin taylor (vaaru midwestho undi croke mariyu kwokeslaku vellaaru) thoo paatu. "konni vaaraala taruvaata kbvb cyster station cltalo "jesse, amanda mariyu paik" mallee kanipinchindi. juulai 4va vaaraantamlo, 2015, kbvb mariyu maatru samstha radeo efm media dii laa hunt broadcasting nundi keskek-fmnu konugolu cheyadam puurti chesaayi. kskk signalnu frazi, minnesotaku taralinchi, kdlb gaa paeru marcharu, mariyu mariyu okesari prasaram cheyadam praarambhinchaaru. 95. 1 vaaru "baab 95" kuu tippinappudu vaari signalnu fargo metroku daggaragaa taralinchinappudu kolpoyina shrotala sthaanaanni idhi bharti chesindi. kdlb signal pradhanamgaa krcq-efmtho pootiipadutumdi. november 4,2015naa, kbvb vii fest yokka adhikaarika radeo stationga maarutundani prakatinchaaru, idhi "americalo atipedda desham mariyu camping festival" gaa pracharam cheyabadindi. moodu samvatsaraala oppandam 2016 pandugatho praarambhamavutundi. idhi panduga nundi station yokka sudeergha prayaanaanni "nishedhinchadam" mariyu air staff daanini gaalilo "bleep fest" gaa soochinchadam mugisindi. aadivaaram udayam "kix brooks thoo american country countdown" mariyu sanivaaram raatri dije synister utpatti chese "country fried mixes" kuu kbvb market anubandha samstha. hetch. dii. radeo. october 15,2014naa, keey. bii. vii. bii. hetch. dii. loe prasaram cheyadam praarambhinchindi, tadwara vaatini hetch. dii. radeo saanketikatanu upayoginchi fargo-moorhead marketlo modati vaanijya stationga chesindi. oka vaaram taruvaata october 22naa, kbb fargo looni kbb studio velupala unna estle rile tower nundi nundi 94.5 loe anuvaadakuditoe "dhi laft" anae triple-eah formatt formatt sub-chaanelnu praarambhinchindi. october 30naa, ceriousxm nundi trademark daavaa kaaranamgaa sub chhaanel "dhi city" gaa rebrand cheyabadindi. villie @1660" anie piluvabade classic country station ayina ayina sub-chaanal, kcudabluby-aamnu okesari prasaram chesindi, idhi taruvaata faaks sports radeo anubandha samsthagaa maarindi. hetch. dii. 3 signal juulai juulai cyster station keey. pii. eff. ex-hetch. dii. dii maarindi.

kay bee wee bee kay bee wee bee (95.1 aif aim "baab 95 aif ayem") eek redio station hay juu milki shakal mein nashar kartaa hay. barnswell menisota kay liye license yaaftah yaha fargo morr head metropolitan elaqay mein khidmaat anjaam deeta hay. iss nay pehli baar 1980 mein kaal saain kay ddee eel ayem-aif ayem kay tahat 95.3 detervite jhelon menisota parr nashar karnaa sharoo kiyaa. iss waqat yaha station license yaaftah redio fargo morr head incorporated kay zariye jaims aind brok ingstad kii malkiyat hay. tamaam dafatir aur studio 2720 7 wein ayoo parr waaqa haine. fargo kay janub mein jabkah iss kaa transmitter yuu parr waaqa hay.aiss. morr head kay balkal janub mein 75 waan raastah. tareekh. 95.1 nay apnee zindagi kaa aaghaz 1980 kay aas paas 95.3 freekwensi parr kay ddee eel ayem-aif ayem kay toor parr kiyaa juu detervite jhelon menisota kay liye license yaaftah hay. yaha station 1995 mein leaton broadcasting say ootar tail pawar company kay eek devision mudnets broadcasting kay zariye kharida gayaa thaa. iss waqat studio kuu nayey behan stationon kay aif jee awo/kay aif jee awo-aif ayem aur kay wee awo aiks/kay wee awo aiks-aif ayem kay saath muntaqil kiyaa gayaa thaa. kay ddee eel ayem 95.1 freekwensi parr chalaa gayaa aur kaal latter kay aif jee aiks kay tahat "95x" kay toor parr muthbadil raak mein eek formate pilt gayaa. yaha formate nasbata mukhtasir thaa keunkah station 1997 mein baaligh humm asar mein tabdil hawaa phir 1998 mein "raak 95" kay toor parr markazi dhaaray kii raak. baad mein 1999 mein jaims ingstad nay mudnets broadcasting kuu khareed liyaa. clair chinal communications nay 2000 mein ingstad kay fargo station khareed liyay aur rever 95.1 kaa aaghaz eek baaligh asree shakal kay saath kiyaa. karwi nay 2003 mein apnay maujudah aey aey aey formate mein tabdili kii juu kahh menipolis menisota mein shareek malkiyat waalay kay tye seez "steez 97" kii tarah hay. menipolis kay 97 shehron mein aey aey aey formate kay saath kamiyabi kay baad clair chinal nay fargo aur kayee deegar bazaron mein formate kuu dobarah takhliq kiyaa. yaha station eek baday matusat amar kay achhi taleem yaaftah saamayin kuu apnee taraf matujah kartay haine jiss nay inhein mushtehreen kay liye parkashish aur munafa bakhash banaa diyaa iss haqeeqat kay bawajood kahh inn kay majmuyi saamayin kii taadad ziyadah nahein thee. daryaae 95.1 bhee harr saal youm karsams takk tashkar kay baad karsams kii mausiqi nashar kartaa thaa. 28 satambar 2006 cow karwi aur fargo kay deegar clair chinal stationon kuu jaims ingstad kuu waps farokhat kirr diyaa gayaa juu fargo mein rehtay haine. (iss say pehley wah kay ddee ayem kaa maalik nahein thaa jaisa kahh 2002 takk iss nay dastakhat nahein kiye thay.) iss farokhat kuu 19 januri 2007 kuu wafaqi mawasilati commission (aif see see) nay manzoor kiyaa thaa. 8 maarch 2007 kii aadhi raat say sharoo honay waali karwi nay ralf hairs kay zariye "tayee mee cangro down sport" kuu muslisil dohratay hoay stunting sharoo kii. 12 maarch 2007 kuu yaha station kay bee wee bee "baab 95 aif ayem" bunn gayaa. baab 95 aif ayem eek fouri pasandidah bunn gayaa jazwi toor parr inn kay ibtadayi tye wee ishteharaat kii wajah say juu aksar eek maqbool gaaney kii parody kartay haine jeesay kahh chakan ddaans mein alfaz shaamil karnaa aur karsams parr "zangal bails" dobarah likhna. inn kay ishteharaat mein aksar "baab kathh patli" bhee shaamil hoti thein jinn mein eek charwaha aur duu bobar shaamil hotay haine. baab 95 kay liye eek "wahilaz aann dee buss" parody commercial bhee thaa jiss mein kayee mukhtalif warzan thay jinn mein fargo morr head kay elaqay kay logon kay gropon kuu jhangal gaatay hoay dikhaya gayaa thaa bashmol vest fargo fayer department. haaliyah barson mein kay bee wee bee nay koyee maqami tye wee spot nahein chalaya hay. tahim charwahay kii kathh patli (juu ziyadah tarr ishteharaat mein numayan thee) abb bhee pred aur taqribaat mein station kay maaskat kay toor parr kaam karti hay aur station kii gaadiyon mein say eek parr bhee zahir hoti hay. bahaar 2010 kii arbitron retings nay kay bee wee bee kuu 8.4 shayer diyaa jiss say wah kay aif jee awo aur kay kiyo dabliyo bee-aif ayem kay peeche akh shayer kii bunyaad parr market mein teesra maqaam haasil karnay waala redio station bunn gayaa jiss kay paas baltarteeb 12.1 aur 9.6 thaa. yaha pehli baar hay kahh bob 95 nay hareef farogi 99.9 kuu peeche chhod diyaa jiss nay 7.9 shayer darj kiyaa. arbitron reting. tubb say donon stationon kay darmiyan darjah bundi kii ladayi musabiqti rahee hay-stationon kay saath aksar taaj kii tajarat hoti hay. 2012 mein yaha aalaan kiyaa gayaa kahh kay bee wee bii ingstad kay deegar fargo stationon kay saath mill kirr mudwest communications kuu 25 millin ddaalar mein farokhat kiyaa jaaye gaa eek muahide mein juu yakam mayee say naafiz hawaa. eek dunn baad ingstad nay crostaun hareef gow redio fargo khareeda jiss mein station kay wokes-aif aim kay pee aif aiks kay eel tye aey kay bee ayem dabliyo kay kiyo dabliyo bee-aif ayem aur kay kiyo dabliyo bee-ayem shaamil haine. aglay dunn ingstad aur mudwest communications nay aalaan kiyaa kahh wah eek masawi tajarat mein milki stationon kay bee wee bee aur kay wee awo aiks kii tajarat karein gay. yaha tajarat 5 agast 2013 kuu naafiz hoyee jiss nay kay wee oaks kuu mudwest aur kay bee wee bee kuu jumm ingstad kay haath mein waps bhej diyaa. inn khabron kay bawajood kahh saamayin kuu tabdiliyan nazar nahein aayen gee kovaks kaa marning show "jaisi amanda aur payek" mansukh kirr diyaa gayaa iss kay saath hyee kay bee wee bee kaa losi bleek aur colan teller (juu mudwest kay saath rahay aur baltarteeb karok aur kovaks gayey). "jaisi amanda aur payek" chand hafton baad kay bee wee bee sister station culta mein dobarah namodar hawaa. 4 jolayi kay ikhtatam haftah 2015 kay doraan kay bee wee bee aur parent company redio aif ayem mediya nay ddee laa hunt broadcasting say kay aiss kay-aif ayem kaa hasool makmal kirr liyaa thaa. kay aiss kay kay segnal kuu freezi menisota mein muntaqil kirr diyaa gayaa jiss kaa naam badal kirr kay ddee eel bee rakh diyaa gayaa aur kay bee wee bee kuu eek saath nashar karnaa sharoo kirr diyaa gayaa. iss nay saamayin kii gumshidgi kii jagah lay lee jabb 95.1 nay apnay segnal kuu fargo metro kay qareeb muntaqil kirr diyaa jabb wah "baab 95" parr pilt gayey. kay ddee eel bee segnal bunyadi toor parr kay aar see kiyo-aif ayem kay saath muqabilah kartaa hay. 4 nomber 2015 cow yaha aalaan kiyaa gayaa kahh kay bee wee bee wee fest kaa sarkaari redio station bunn jaaye gaa jasay "america kaa sabb say badaa milk aur camping festival" qaraar diyaa gayaa hay. teen saalah muahidah 2016 kay festival say sharoo hoga. iss say station parr tehwaar say "pabandi" kaa eek taweel door khatam hawaa aur hawai aday nay asay hawaa mein "bleep fest" kay toor parr hawalah diyaa. kay bee wee bee atwaar kii sabah "dee american kantri count ddaun wad kick broks" aur ddee jay cinster kay zariah tayaar kardah haftah kii raaton mein "dee kantri fried miks" kay liye market say waabistah hay. aich ddee redio. 15 aktobar 2014 cow kay bee wee bee nay aich ddee mein nashriyaat sharoo kein jiss say wah aich ddee redio technology kaa istemaal kartay hoay fargo morr head market kaa pehla tajarti station bunn gayaa. eek haftay baad 22 aktobar cow kay bee wee bee nay eek triple-aey formated aich ddee 2 zeeli chinal laanch kiyaa jasay "dee laaft" kahaa jaataa hay jiss mein kay 233 see aayee 94.5 parr eek mutarjim thaa juu fargo mein kay bee wee bee studio kay baahir aiss tye eel railay tower say chalta thaa. 30 aktobar cow serees aiks ayem kay trade maark kay daway kii wajah say zeeli chinal kuu "shehar" kay toor parr dobarah braand kiyaa gayaa. aich ddee 3 zeeli chinal kay kiyo dabliyo bee-aim eek classic kantri station jasay "walee @1660" kay naam say jaana jaataa hay juu baad mein faaks sports redio say waabistah bunn gayaa. aich ddee 3 segnal jolayi 2016 mein behan station kay pee aif aiks-aich ddee 3 mein muntaqil hawaa.

fffc5f907147c716f6b89a98c3e787a8eaed12abc54f621ffe5d8d11b20a1caa

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51378880

Veronika Yesipovich

Veronika Yesipovich Belarusian synchronized swimmer Veronika Yesipovich (born 10 April 1996) is a Belarusian synchronized swimmer. She competed in the women's duet at the 2016 Summer Olympics. In 2018, Yesipovich and Iryna Limanouskaya finished in 9th place in the duet technical routine at the 2018 European Aquatics Championships. In the duet free routine they also finished in 9th place. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

verunika iyesipubhis verunika iyesipubhis (jonmo 10 april 1996) egoraki belarusian synchronized xaturbid. 2016 sonor grishmokalin olimpikot teu mohilar dwoito geetot protidondita korisil. 2018 sonot yesipubhis aaru iraina limanuskaya 2018 sonor europiyo joloj championswipot dwoito karikori rutinot 9moo sthanot xomapto hoisil. duwet free rutinotu teuluke 9moo sthan laabh korisil.

veronica iyesipovic veronica iyesipovic (jonmo 10 april 1996) ekjon belarussia synchronized santaru. tini 2016 grissokalin olympyke mohilader dwaito gaane protidwondita korechilen. 2018 saale, iyesipovic ebong irina limanoskaya 2018 europea aquatics championshipe dwaito projuktigoto rutine 9maum sthane shesh corren. duate phri rutine taaraa 9maum sthane shesh korey.

veronica yesipovic veronica yesipovic (janm 10 april 1996) bellarucian sumel taranveer chhe. temane 2016naa unaalu olympicma maheela yugalgeetma bhaag leedho hato. 2018 maan, yesipovic aneey irina limanoskaya 2018 european aquatics champiyanshipma yugal takneeki ruteenma 9 maa sthaane rahyaa hataa. yugalgeet mukt dincharyaamaa teo pann 9maa sthaane rahyaa hataa.

veronica yesipovic veronica yesipovic (janm 10 aprail 1996) ack belarusi synchronized tairak hain. unhone 2016 grishmakaaleen olympic mein mahilaaon key yugal mein bhaag liya. 2018 mein, yesipovic aur irina limanoskaya 2018 europeeya jaleey championship mein yugal takniki dincharya mein 9vein sthaan parr rahey. yugal muft dincharya mein way bhee 9vein sthaan parr rahey.

veronica yesipovic veronica yesipovic (janana 10 april 1996) belarasna synchronised eejugaarti. avaru 2016rahra besige olympicsnalli mahileyara yugala geeteyalli spardhisidaru. spardhisidaru, yesipovic mattu irina limanouskaya avaru 2018rahra european jalacara champiyanshipnalli yugala taantrika dinachariyalli 9neey sthaanavannu galisidaru. yugala geeteya uchita dinachariyalli avaru 9neey sthana galisidaru.

veronica yesipovich veronica yesipovich (janm 10 april 1996) hii belarusi samkramit jaltaranpatu aahe. 2016 chya unhali olympicmadhye tine mahilanchya yugalgitat bhag ghetala. 2018 madhye, yesipovich aanee irina limanoskaya yanni 2018 chya european aquatics champiyanshipmadhye duheri tantrik dincharyet 9 weey sthan midavale. yugal mukt nityakramat teey dekhil 9 vya sthanavar rahile.

bheronika yesipobhich bheronika yesipobhich (janma 10 april 1996) ek belarusi synchronized paudi khelne wyakti hun. unle sann 2016 ko grishmakalin olympicma mahila yugalma pratispardha gareki thiin. sann 2018 maa, yesipobhich rar irina limanoscaya sann 2018 ko europeli aquatics championshipma yugal prawidhik dincharyama 9 aun sthanma rahe. duet free rutinma pani uniharu 9 aun sthanma rahe.

veronica jesipobhich veronica jesipobhich (janma 10 april 1996) jane bellarussia synchronized santaranakaree. shay 2016 grishma alimpiksare mahila jugala geetare pratidwandita karithile. 2018 ray, jesipobhich ebong irina limanoscaya 2018 europeah jalaja champianasipare jugala baishajika rutin ray 9maha sthanare samapta karithile . duate free rutinare semane madhya 9maha sthanare samapta karithile.

veronica yesipovic veronica yesipovic (janam 10 aprail 1996) ikk belarusi samkali tairak haii. uss neey 2016 dey garmiaan dey olympic witch aurtan dey yugal witch hissa liaa. saal 2018 witch, yesipovic atey irina limanoskaya neey 2018 european aquatics championship witch yugal takniki rutein witch vee sathaan 'teey kabza keeta. wat free rutein witch uh vee vee sathaan 'teey rahey.

veronica yesipovich veronica yesipovich (janma 10 april 1996) ekaa bellarus-deshasya samaantar-tarana-kreedakah asti. saa 2016 greeshmakaaleen-olympic-kridaayaam mahilaa-yugalageete spardhaam krutavatee. 2018 tame varshe, yesipovich tathaa irinaa limanoskaya cha 2018 tame varshe europiya-aquatics-chaampiyanship-kridaayaam yugal-takaniki-dinacharyayam 9 tame sthaane samaapyanta. yugalageet-mukta-nityakriye te api 9 tame sthaane samaapayan.

veronica yesibovich veronica yesibovich (prappu aepral 10,1996) oru pelaarasiya oththisaikappatta neechal veerar aavaar. 2016 koadaikkaala olimpikkil penkal tooyet poattiyil pankettraar. 2018 aam aandil, yesibovich mattrum irina limanoskaya aagiyoar 2018 iroappiya neervaazh saambiyanshippil tooyet thozhilnutpa vazhakkaththil 9 vadhu idaththil mudiththanar. tooyet free vazhakkaththilum avarkal 9 vadhu idaththil mudiththanar.

veronica yesipovich veronica yesipovich (jananam 10 april 1996) oka belarasian synchronized swimmer. aame 2016 vesavi olympicslo mahilala yugalageetamlo pootii chesindi. 2018loe, yesipovich mariyu irina limanoskaya 2018 european aquatics chhampiyanshiplo yugalageeta saanketika dinacharyalo 9va sthaanamlo nilichaaru. duet free roteinlo vaaru kooda 9va sthaanamlo nilichaaru.

vironika yasipovech vironika yepovech (paidaish 10 apreel 1996) eek belars kii humm waqatiyat teraak hay. inhon nay 2016 kay summer olympics mein khwatin kay doite mein hasah liyaa. 2018 mein yasipovech aur areena limanoskaya nay 2018 kii europi aabi champine ship mein doite takniki mamul mein 9 wein maqaam haasil kiyaa. doite free rotein mein wah bhee 9 wein number parr rahay.

fffc5fde0adc8b717a623f0c8bfac373da00fab76da91c3868b86f8170f91a77

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21523477

Gościejowice

Gościejowice Gościejowice () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Niemodlin, within Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Niemodlin and west of the regional capital Opole. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> <br>

guswijuwis guswijuwis (;) hoise dokhyin-poschim polyandor upul county, upul voivodswipor bhitorot thoka jimina niem 'dolinor proxaxonik jilaar ekhon gaau. ee nim 'dolinor pray uttor-pubo aaru ancholik rajdhani upulor poschime owosthito. gaukhonor jonoxongkhya 332 john. proxongo. <bi. aar.>

goscizouis goshizouis (;) dakkhin-poschim polyander opol county, opol voivodshiper modhye, jimina neimodeliner proshashonik jelara ekti grama. etty nimdliner pray uttor-purbe ebong anchalik rajdhani opoler poschime abosthito. gramtir jonosongkha 332 john. reference. <bii. arr>

goshijovis goshijovis (;) aee dakshin-pashchim polendmaa opol kaauntii, opol voivododshipni andarnaa jimeena neemodleenna vahivati jeellama aavelu aek gaam chhe. teey neemodleenni lagbhag uttar-purvamaa aneey praadeshik raajdhaani opolnee pashchimma aavelu chhe. aaa gaamnee vastee 332 chhe. sandarbho. <bii. aar.>

goshizovis goshizovis (;) dakshin-paschimi polland mein opol county, opol viododeship key bheetar, gamina nemodeline key prashaasnik jile mein ack gaanv haye. yeh nemodeline key lagbhag uttar-poorv aur kshetriya rajdhani opol key paschim mein sthit haye. gaanv kii jansankhya 332 haye. sandarbh. <bee. aar.>

goshsijovis goshsijovis (;) nairtya polyandna opol kountiya opol voivodeship olage iruva jimina neemodlin aadalitaatmaka jilleya ondu graamavaagide. idu sumaru neemodlin eeshaanyakke mattu praadeshika rajadhani opolna paschimakke ide. ee graamada janasankhye 332 aagide. ullekhagalu. <bii. aarr.>

goshsijovis thekk-padinjaaran polandile opol kaundiyile opol voyododshippinullile jimina neemodlin administrative jillayile oru graamamaan goshsijovis (;). neemodlininte ekadesham vadakkukizhakkum praadeshika thalasthaanamaaya opolinu padinjarumaanu ithu sthithi cheiyunnathu. graamatthile janasamkhya 332 aanu. paraamarshangal. <bii. aarr.>

goshijovis goshijovis (;) heey dakshin-paschim polandmadhil opol county, opol viododshipmadhil jimina neamodelinechya prashasakeey jilhyatil eka gaav aahe. heey nemodelinechya andaje ishanyes aanee pradeshik rajdhani opolchya paschimela aahe. gavachi loksankhya 332 aahe. sandarbh. <bii. aar.>

gosijovis gossijovis (;) dakshin-paschimi polandko opol county, opol bhayobhodsipabhitrako jimina nimodlinko prashasanik jillako euta gaaun how. yo nimodlinko lagbhag uttar-purva rar khetriya rajdhani opolko paschimma awasthit chha. gaaunko janasankhya 332 chha. sandarbhaharu. <bra>

gossijowis gosijowis (;) heuchhi dakhina-paschima polander opol county, opol viododship madhyare, jimina nemodeline prashasanika jillara eka gramm . ehaa nemodeline rahr praiah uttara-purbare ebong anchalika rajdhani opolara paschimare abasthita . ehi gaanra janasankhya 332. sandarbha. <bii. aarr.>

goshsijovis gojsijovis (;) dakkhan-pachmi poland witch opol kaoonti, opol voivodospish dey ander, jimna neemodleen dey parshaski zilhe daa ikk pind haii. ih neemodleen dey lagbhag uttar-purab atey khetri rajdhani opol dey pachham witch sathit haii. pind dee aabadi 332 haii. havale. <bee. aar.>

goshijovis goshseejovais (;) dakshina-pashchim-polyand-deshasya opol-kaunti-opol-voyododshep-madhye, jiminaa-neemodlin-ityasya prashaasanik-mandale sthitah ekaha graamah asti. ayam neemodlin-nagarasya praayah eeshanyadishi, kshetriyarajadhani opol-nagarasya paschimadishi cha sthitah asti. asya gramasya janasankhyaa 332 asti. sandarbhah. <bee. aar.>

koshsijovis koshsijovis (goschiejowice) enbathu thenmaerku poalanthil ulla oopoal kavundi, oopoal voidodishible ulla jimina neemotlin nirvaaga maavattaththil ulla oru kiraamamaagum. idhu thoaraayamaaga neemotlinukku vadakizhakkae mattrum piraanthiya thalaynagaraana oopoalukku maerkae amainthullathu. inththa kiraamaththin makkal thogai 332 aagum. kurippugal. <pr>

goshsijovis goshsijovis (;) nairuti polandloni opol county, opol voyododshiploni jimina neemodlin paripalana jillaalooni oka graamam. idhi sumaru neemodlinku eshaanyamlo mariyu praantiiya rajadhani opolku paschimaana undhi. eee graamamlo 332 mandhi janabha unnaaru. suuchanalu. <br>

gosheejwais gosheejwais (vovo) janub maghrabi poland mein opol county opol viewadship kay andar gamina nemodlain kay intezami zalaa kaa eek gaaon hay. yaha nemodlain kay taqriba shamaal mashriq mein aur elaqayi darulhukumat opol kay maghrab mein waaqa hay. gaaon kii aabadi 332 hay. hawalah jaat. <bee aar>

fffc6105f5045e26a28f65bd42f5d22288c2c9097c30b50649c01cf06eeca416

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13164453

Celtic Swing

Celtic Swing British-bred and trained Thoroughbred racehorse Celtic Swing (21 February 1992 – 4 September 2010) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse. He won the French Derby in 1995 and was also known for his performances in the autumn of the previous year, when his wins at Ascot and at Doncaster led to the horse being the highest-rated two-year-old in modern European racing. Background. Celtic Swing was owned for most of his career by Peter Savill, bred by Lavinia, Duchess of Norfolk and trained by her daughter Lady Herries in Sussex. He was sired by Damister, an American-bred horse who finished third in the 1985 Epsom Derby, out of the British mare Celtic Ring. His granddam, Pencuik Jewel, was a half sister to 1974 Ascot Gold Cup winner Ragstone, and to Castle Moon - the dam of 1986 St Leger winner Moon Madness, 1989 Coronation Cup winner Sheriff's Star and 1990 Goodwood Cup winner Castle Moon. His name, although partially inspired by that of his dam, was specifically taken from a Van Morrison track. In all his seven races he was ridden by Kevin Darley. Racing career. 1994: two-year-old season. Celtic Swing raced for the first time at Ayr on 16 July 1994, winning a two-year-old maiden race over seven furlongs by four lengths. This would be the only time he ran without starting as favourite. On 8 October 1994 he won over seven furlongs at Ascot by eight lengths, beating the subsequently hugely successful Singspiel. Although this created considerable excitement, the race that led to the hype was the Racing Post Trophy over a mile at Doncaster on 22 October 1994, which he won by twelve lengths. He was voted the Cartier Racing Award as the top European two-year-old colt. Going into 1995, expectations ran high for Celtic Swing with widespread claims that he would be one of the greatest horses of all time, and almost unprecedentedly short odds for the 2,000 Guineas and Derby. Claims were even made that, 25 years after Nijinsky had been the last horse to do it, he would also take the St Leger and win the colts' Triple Crown, which it was widely believed had become almost impossible due to specialist breeding. 1995: three-year-old season. Almost inevitably, he never lived up to these grand expectations, which included a number of rapturous editorials in The Times. Stepping back to seven furlongs, he made his seasonal debut on softened ground at Newbury in the Greenham Stakes on 22 April 1995. Although his win over Bahri was not spectacular, he was still unchallenged, and he would have won by much more than the eventual one and a quarter lengths had he not been eased down. All was set for the 2,000 Guineas on 6 May 1995, a race run amid almost unbearable expectations (on that day's Morning Line, John McCririck said to Jim McGrath, who was strongly involved with Timeform which had said that the race was a "certainty", that if the horse did not win by at least eight lengths McGrath was finished). But the first cracks in Celtic Swing's armour suddenly emerged: although he fought back near the end, he could not beat the French horse Pennekamp, who eventually won by a head. Owner Peter Savill decided not to run in The Derby, claiming that the ground at Epsom was too firm for the horse's liking, and go instead for the Prix du Jockey Club (the "French Derby") at Chantilly on 4 June 1995. Here he started evens favourite, and won, but only by an unconvincing half-length over Poliglote. His final race would be in the Irish Derby at The Curragh on 2 July 1995. Here he started as 5-4 favourite, but finished a bitterly disappointing eighth out of thirteen runners, never having looked like winning. Worse was to follow: he had been injured during the race, and the rest of his schedule for the season was abandoned. It had been intended to run him again as a four-year-old in the later part of the 1996 season, but the injury recurred and, almost unnoticed, the much-hyped "wonderhorse" was quietly retired on 20 July 1996, more than a year after his last race. Stud record. Celtic Swing's stud record was largely unremarkable but he did sire two outstanding horses. The Australian bred Takeover Target (Dam – Shady Stream) won eight Group One races including top sprinting races in Australia, United Kingdom, Japan and Singapore and A$ in prize money from twenty one wins in forty one race starts. The French-bred filly Six Perfections won six races including the Breeders' Cup Mile in 2003. Celtic Swing died at the Allevamento di Besnate in Italy in September 2010 after contracting colitis. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

celtic xuing celtic xuing (21 february 1992-4 septembor 2010) aasil etaa britis xompurno projatir reshers. 1995 sonot teu france darbi joy korisil aaru purbor bosoror xorotkalot teur prodorxonor babeu jonajat aasil, jetiya eskot aaru dongkastarot teur joyor folot ghuratu aadhunik europiyo resingot xorbadhik rating diya dubosoriya hoisil. potobhumi. keltik xuing teur karrier besibhag xomoy pitter sabhilor malikanadhin aasil, norphukor dases lavinier dwara projonon koraa hoisil aaru teur konya leady herisor dwara susexot proxikhyon diya hoisil. 1985 sonor epxom darbit britis meyar celtic ringor poraa tritiyo sthan laabh koraa aamerikan-projatir ghura demistore teuk sor korisil. teur grandam, penkuik juwel, 1974 sonor eskot gold kaap bijoyi ragostun, aaru kesol munor egoraki xot bhogni aasil-1986 sonor chent legaar bijoyi muno medenesor bandho, 1989 sonor koo "runesion kaap bijoyi swerifs staar aaru 1990 sonor goodwod kaap bijoyi kesol muno. teur naamtu jodiu angxikbhabe teur bandhor dwara onupranito hoisil, tothapiu bixexbhabe etaa bhen morison trekor poraa luwa hoisil. teur xatkhon dourot teu kebhin darlyr dwara salit hoisil. resing keriyar. 1994: dubosor puroni ritu. 1994 sonor 16 julyte celtic xuing prothombaror baabe dourisil, xatota farlongto sarita doirghyore dubosor puroni prothom protijugitat joylabh korisil. eituwei ekmatro xomoy hoh 'bob jetiya teu priyo hisape aarombho nokorakoi dourisil. 1994 sonor 8 octoborot teu eskotot aathta doirghyor dwara xatota farlongto joylabh korisil, poroborti xomoyot oti xofol singspiyelok porasto korisil. jodiu ee jothesto uttejonar sristi korisil, prosaror kaaron huwa dourkhon aasil 1994 sonor 22 octoborot dongkastarot ek mailor uporot resing post trophy, zo 'too teu barta doirghyore joylabh korisil. teuk europor xirxo dubosoriya coult hisape cartier resing botar baabe nirbasito koraa hoisil. 1995 sonoloike, celtic xuingor baabe proityaxa besi aasil, byapok dabir xoite je teu xorbokalor onyotomo shrestho ghura hoh 'bob, aaru 2,000 gini aaru darbir baabe pray obhutpurbobhabe komm protikulota. aanoki daabi koraa hoisil je, nijinskiye eitu koraa xex ghura huwar 25 bosoror pisot, teu saint legartuwu lo 'bob aaru coultsor trigun mukut joy koribo, jitu bixexogyo projononor baabe pray oxombhob hoi porisil buli bohulbhabe biswax koraa hoisil. 1995: tini bosor puroni ritu. pray onibarzobhabe, teu ketiyau ei mohot aaxa puron koraa nasil, zo "too xei xomoyot keibatau reparas xompadokiyo ontorbhukto aasil. xatota farlongloi ubhoti aahi 1995 sonor 22 aprilot greenheim staker niubarit thoka kumol khelpotharot ritugoto aatmoprokax korisil. jodiu bahorir biruddhe teur joy dorxoniyo nasil, tothapiu teu proityahbanbihin aasil, aaru teu xithil noho 'ley xexor ek soturthangxotkoi odhik doirghyot joyee hoh' loheten. 1995 sonor 6 mey 'too 2,000 ginir baabe xokolu nirdharon koraa hoisil, pray oxohoniyo proityaxar maajot soluwa ek dour (xei dintur ratipuwar xaritut, john macreerike jim mcgrathok koichil, ji xomoyor xoite drirhobhabe jorito aasil ji koichil je dourtu etaa "nissitota" aasil, je jodi ghuratuwe komeu aath doirghyor mcgrath xomapto nokore). kintu celtic xuingor ostro-xostrot prothom fatbur hothate udbhob hoisiloh jodiu teu xexor faale juj disil, tothapiu teu forasi ghura penekempok porasto koribo nuwarile, ji owoxexot murere joyee hoisil. maalik pitter sabhile darbito douribo nuwarar xiddhanto loisil, daabi korisil je epxomor khelpotharkhon ghurar posondor baabe oti drirho aasil, aaru iyar poriworte 1995 sonor 4 junot centilyr prix du jokee klaboloi ("france darbi") goisil. iyat teu evensor priyo aarombho korisil, aaru joyee hoisil, kintu kewol polyglo 'tor uporot obiswasyo aadha doirghyor dwara. 1995 sonor 2 julyte teur suranto protijugita hoh 'bob kurangot aairis darbit. iyat teu 5-4 priyo hisape aarombho korisil, kintu terjon dourobidor bhitorot tibro hotaxajonok ostom sthanot xex korisil, ketiyau joyee huwa zen logaa nasil. iyar pisot aaru beyaa hoisiloh protijugitar xomoyot teu aahot hoisil, aaru sijonor baabe teur baaki xomoixusi tyag koraa hoisil. 1996 sonor sijonor xexor ongxot teuk punor chaari bosoriya hisape dourai diyar uddesyo aasil, kintu aghattu punorabritti hoisil aaru pray lokhyo nokora, bohul prosarito "wanderh 'rcho" koo teur xexor douror ebosorotkoiu odhik xomoyor pisot 20 july 1996-too supsap owoxor diya hoisil. stod record. celtic xuingor stod record mulotoh ullekhjugyo nasil jodiu teu dutaa utkristo ghurar xondhan korisil. australier bongxobriddhi koraa teko "bhaar treggete (dame-sady stream) australia, juktorajyo, jaapan aaru xingapuror xirxo sprinting resoke dhori aathta groop ek res joy korisil aaru 41taa res aarombho huwar xomoyot ekuxta joyor poraa puroskaror dhon laabh korisil. forasi-jaator phili six perfectione 2003 sonot projononkarir kaap mailoke dhori soikhon res joy korisil. celtic xuingor 2010 sonor septembor maahot italyr elevamentu di besnetot kulaitis huwar pisot mrityu hoisil.

celtic suing celtic suing (21 february 1992-4 septembara 2010) ekti british jaater reshorse chhilo. tini 1995 saale farasi darby jitechilen ebong ager bochorer sharatkale taanr performancer jonnou porichito chhilen, jokhon ascoat ebong doncastere taanr joyer foley ghodati adhunik europea resingye sorbochcho retting prapto dui bochor vayasi hoyechilo. patabhumi. celtic suing taanr kormojiboner beshirbhag somoy pitter saviller malikanadhin chhilo, jaa dutches off norphoke lavinia dwara bongshobriddhi koraa hoyechilo ebong taar meye lady herris dwara sussexer proshikkhon deoa hoyechilo. tini demister naame ekti american-jaater ghoda dwara sired hoyechilen, jini 1985 saaler ipsom darbyte british merr celtic ring theke tritiya sthan orjon korechilen. taanr granddam, penquic juel, 1974 ascott gold cup vijayi rugstone ebong cassel moone-1986 saaler seenta legger vijayi moone madness, 1989 saaler rajyabhishek cup vijayi sherifer tarka ebong 1990 saaler goodood cup vijayi cassel moone-err sott boone chhilen. taanr naam, jodio angshikbhabe taanr baandh theke anupranito, biseshbhabe ekti vyana morrison track theke neoa hoyechilo. taanr satti dauder sabkatitei tini kevin darley dwara chaalito hoyechilen. racing carrier. 1994: dui bochor purno morsum. celtic suing 1994 saaler 16ee julai prothombar satti farlong-err upor chaar doirghyer dui bochorer purno prothom reesa jitechilo. eyi ekmatro somoy chhilo jokhon tini pochonder hisabe shuru naa korey daudechilen. 1994 saaler 8ee octobor tini ascoate satti farlong aatt doirghyer byabodhane jitechilen, porobortikale atyanta sofol ganbajonake porajito korechilen. jodio etty jotheshto uttejona toiri korechilo, tobey jey resty hyper dike porichalito korechilo taa chhilo 1994 saaler 22 octobor doncastere eka mailer beshi racing poosta trophy, jaa tini barro doirghye jitechilen. tini sheersho europea dui bochor vayasi coult hisabe cartier racing puroskarer jonno nirbachito hoyechilen. 1995 saale, celtic suingyer jonno protyasha onek beshi chhilo ebong byapok daabi chhilo jey seey sorbokaler onnotomo sera ghoda hobey ebong 2,000 ginny oo darbir jonno pray abhutopurbobhabe sangkhipto protikulota. emonki daabi koraa hoyechilo jey, nizinsky etty korar shesh ghoda howar 25 bochor porey, tini seenta legaro neben ebong coultser triple mukut jitoben, jaa biseshoggo projononer karone pray asambhab hoye porechilo boley byapokbhabe biswas koraa hoyechilo. 1995: tinn bochor vayasi morsum. pray onibarjobhabe, tini kokhono eyi mohot protyasha puron korenni, jaar modhye seii somoyer besh koyekti uchchosito sampadakiya antarbhukta chhilo. satti farlong-ayee firey eshe, 1995 saaler 22shhey april greenham stakeser newbarite norom maathe morshumi atmoprokash corren. jodio bahrir biruddhe taanr joy darshaniya chhilo naa, tobuo tini protidwonditahin chhilen ebong tini jodi shithil naa hoten tobey shesh eka choturthangsho doirghyer cheye onek beshi byabodhane jitote parten. 1995 saaler 6 meey 2,000 ginir jonno sabkichu prostuto koraa hoyechilo, pray asahaniya prottashar modhye ekti daud (seii diner sokaler liney, john macriric zima macrathke bolechilen, jini samaysuchir saathe dridhobhabe jorito chhilen jaa bolechilo jey daudti ekti "nischito" chhilo, jey ghodati jodi kompokkhe aatt doirghyer macrath naa jete). kintu celtic suingyer bormer prothom futtle hothat dekha deyah jodio tini shesher dike ladai korechilen, tini farasi ghoda penecampke porajito korte parenni, jini shesh porjonto ekti mathay jitechilen. malik pitter saville darbyte naa daudanor siddhanta nene, daabi corren jey, ipsomer mathti ghodar pochonder jonno khub dridha chhilo ebong poriborte 4 june 1995-ayee chyantilite prix doo jockie club ("french darby")-teey zaan. ekhane tini evenser priya shuru corren ebong jitechilen, tobey polygloter upor abiswasya ordho-doirghyer dwara. 1995 saaler 2raa julai karager airish darbyte taanr shesh reesa hobey. ekhane tini 5-4 priya hisabe shuru korechilen, kintu terojan daudavider modhye teebro hotashajonok ashtam sthane shesh korechilen, kokhono jetar moto money hoyney. arow kharap abostha chhiloh dauder somoy tini ahoto hoyechilen ebong morshumer jonno taanr bucky samayasuchi porityokto hoyechilo. 1996 saaler morshumer shesher dike chaar bochor boyse taake abar chaalaanor uddeshya chhilo, kintu aghatti punorabritti hoyechilo ebong pray nojore naa asay, bahul procharito "wanderhorse" taar shesh reser eka bochorero beshi somoy porey 20 julai 1996-ayee nirobe abosar niyechilo. stud record. celtic suing-err stod recordti mulat ullekhjoggo chhilo naa tobey tini duti asamanno ghoda chaliyechilen. australian prajanan takeover turget (daam-chhayamoy probaho) australia, juktorajyo, japan ebong singapure sheersho sprinting reesa soho atti group oyana reesa jiteche ebong 41tii reesa shuru howar somoy ekushti joy theke puroskarer ortho jiteche. farasi-jaater phili six perfection 2003 saale breeders cup myle soho chhoyti reesa jitechilo. celtic suing kolaitiser sankramane 2010 saaler septembore italir alevamento dii besnete maaraa yaay.

celtic swing celtic swing (21 februari 1992-4 september 2010) aek british sampoorn jaatinaa racehores hataa. temane 1995maan french derby jeetee hatee aneey agaauna varshnaa pankharma temnaa pradarshan maate pann jaanita hataa, jyaare escott aneey doncaster khaate temnee jeetthi ghodo aadhunik european resingma sauthee vadhu rating dharaavto beey varshno banyo hato. prushthbhumi. celtic swing temnee motabhagni karkirdi maate pieter sevilni malikinu hatoo, jeno uchher duchess off norphoc, levinia dwara karvaamaa aavyo hato aneey teneeni putri lady harries dwara susexma taaleem aapvama aavee hatee. temne demister dwara sired karvaamaa aavyaa hataa, jeey aek american-jaatinaa ghodaa hataa, jemane 1985maan epsum derbyma british mair celtic ringmathi trija sthaane rahyaa hataa. temnaa daadaa, panquic ratna, 1974 escott gold cup vijeta ragstone aneey kesal moone-1986naa saint legger vijeta moone madness, 1989naa rajyabhishhek cup vijeta sherif staar aneey 1990naa goodwood cup vijeta kesal moonnee savki bahen hatee. temnu naam, aansheek reete temnaa demthi prereet hovaa chhataa, khaas kareene vaan morrison track parthee levaamaa aavyu hatoo. temnee tamaam saat resamaa teo cavin darley dwara savaari karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. racing karkirdi. 1994: beey varsh juunii season. celtic swing pratham vakhat 16 julai 1994naa roj varsh darmiyan dodmaa bhaag leedho hato, jemaa tene saat furlong parr chaar lambaithi beey varsh juunii pratham reesa jeetee hatee. aaa ekmatra vakhat hashe jyaare teey manpasand tareeke sharuaat karyaa vinaa dodyo. 8 october 1994naa roj temane escott khaate aath lambaithi saat furlong jeetya hataa, aneey tyarpachhina atyant safal singspeelne haraavya hataa. joke aanaathi nondhpaatra utsaah pedaa thayo hato, parantu 22 october 1994naa roj doncaster khaate aek mailthee vadhu antarnee racing poosta trophyne kaarane aaa spardhaa khoob jaj lokpreey bunny hatee, jemaa temane baar lambaithi jeet melvee hatee. temne tochnaa european beey varshnaa colt tareeke cartier racing award tareeke pasand karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. 1995maan, celtic swing maate apekshao ghanee vadhaare hatee, jemaa vyaapak daavao karvaamaa aavyaa hataa keey teey sarvkaaleen mahaan ghodaomano aek hashe, aneey 2,000 ginniz aneey derby maate lagbhag abhutpurv tunkaa avrodho hataa. aevo daavo pann karvaamaa aavyo hato keey, aevu karnaar chhella ghodo nizinskina 25 varsh pachhi, teey saint legger pann leshe aneey coltsno triple taaj jitashe, jeey vyaapakpane manvama aavtu hatoo keey nishnaat samvardhanne kaarane lagbhag ashaky bunny gayoo hatoo. 1995: trana varsh juunii mosam. lagbhag aneevarypane, teo kyaarey aaa bhavya apekshao parr kharaa utaryaa nahota, jemaa teey samaynaa sankhyaabandh utsaahpurn sampadkiyono samaavesh thato hato. saat furlong parr paachha fartaa, temane 22 april 1995naa roj greenham staxma newbury khaate naram medaan parr mosamee padaarpan karyoo. joke baahari parr temnee jeet adbhoot naa hatee, tema chhataa teo padkarjanak naa hataa, aneey jooe temne hadvaa naa karvaamaa aavyaa hota too teo anteem aek aneey aek chaturthansh lambai karataa vadhu jeetee shakyaa hota. 6 meey 1995naa roj 2,000 ginniz maate badhu jaj taiyar karvaamaa aavyu hatoo, lagbhag asahy apekshao vachche aek reesa runn (teey divasni savaarnee rekhaa parr, john mccreericke jima mcgrathne kahyoo hatoo, jeey samaypatrak saathe majboot reete sankalaayela hataa, jene kahyoo hatoo keey reesa "nishchitataa" hatee, keey jooe ghodo ochhama ochhi aath lambaithi jeetee naa jaay too mcgrath samaapt thaee gayoo hatoo). parantu celtic swingnaa bakhtarma pratham tirado achaanak ubharee aaveeh joke teey antanee najik ladyo, teey french hoars panecampane haraavi shakyo nahee, jeey aakhare maathathi jeetyo hato. maaleek pieter seville derbyma naa dodvaa maate nakki karyoo, aevo daavo karyo keey epsum khaateni jameen ghodaani pasandagi maate khoob jaj majboot hatee, aneey tenaa badale 4 juuna 1995naa roj chantili khaate prix duu jokey club (french derby) maan jaao. aheen temane evensnee manpasand sharuaat curry, aneey jeetya, parantu maatra polyglotte parr avishvasneey adadhi lambai dwara. temnee anteem reesa 2 julai 1995naa roj karrag khaate irish derbyma hashe. aheen temane 5-4 manpasand tareeke sharuaat curry hatee, parantu tera dodviromathi atyant nirashajanak aathma sthaane rahyaa hataa, jeey kyaarey jeetva jevu laagtu naa hatoo. vadhu kharaab thavaanu hatuh teey reesa darmiyan ijagrast thayo hato, aneey season maatenu baakeenu schedule tyajee devaamaa aavyu hatoo. 1996nee seasonna uttaraardhmaa tene chaar varshnee ummare fareethi dodaavvaano irado hato, parantu ijaa pharii pharii thaee aneey lagbhag koinu dhyaan naa gayoo, khoob jaj prakhyaat "wonderhores" 20 julai 1996naa roj shaantithi nivrutt thayo, tenee chhelli resnaa aek varsh karataa vadhu samay pachhi. stud reqorda. celtic swingno stud reqorda motaabhaage nondhpaatra naa hato parantu tene beey utkrusht ghodaao parr savaari curry hatee. australian breed takeover target (dame-shady stream) aee aath group vana reesa jeetee hatee, jemaa austreliya, united kingdom, japan aneey singaporma tochnee sprinting resno samaavesh thaay chhe aneey 41 resnee sharuaatmaa 21 jitmathi inamani rakamno samaavesh thaay chhe. french-jaatinaa philii six perfections 2003maan samvardhakonaa cup mile saheet chh reesa jeetee hatee. celtic swing september 2010maan italyma elevamento dii basenet khaate colleteesno chep lagvathi mrutyu paamyu hatoo.

celtic swing celtic swing (21 farwari 1992-4 sitambar 2010) ack british nasl kaa racehorse thaa. unhone 1995 mein french derby jeetaa aur pichhale varsh key sharad ritu mein apane pradarshan key liye bhee jaane jaate they, jaba escott aur doncaster mein unaki jeet ney ghode koo aadhunik europeeya racing mein uchchatam dou saal kaa maanaa. prishthabhoomi. celtic swing unake adhikansh currier key liye peater seville key swaamitva mein thaa, jise lavinia, duchess off norphoke dwara paalaa gayaa thaa aur usaki betty lady harris dwara suspenses mein prashikshit kiya gayaa thaa. unhein demister dwara sir kiya gayaa thaa, ack americi nasl kaa ghodaa joe 1985 mein epsum derby mein british ghode kii celtic ring seey teesare sthaan parr rhaa thaa. unakaa grandam, panquic gahana, 1974 key escott gold cup vijeta ragstone kii sauteli bahan thee, aur casal moone key liye-1986 key sent legger vijeta moone pagalpan, 1989 key rajyabhishek cup vijeta sheriff starr aur 1990 key goodwood cup vijeta casal moone. unakaa naam, halanki aanshik roop seey unake baandh seey prerit thaa, vishesh roop seey ack vaine maurison track seey liya gayaa thaa. apani sabhi saat daudon mein vaha cavin darley dwara chalaaya gayaa thaa. racing carrier. 1994: dou saal purana satra. celtic swing ney pahali baar 16 julaai 1994 koo ack saal mein daud lagaai, jisamen saat farlong parr chaar lambai seey dou saal purani pahali daud jeeti. yeh ekmatra samay hoga jaba vaha pasandida key roop mein shuru kiye binaa bhaagate they. 8 octuber 1994 koo unhone escott mein saat farlong mein aathh lambai seey jeet hassil kii, baad mein behad safal gaanon koo haraaya. haalaanki isane kaafee utsaah paida kiya, lekin 22 octuber 1994 koo doncaster mein ack meal seey adhik kii daud post trophy ney prachaar koo janm diyaa, jise unhone baarah lambai seey jeetaa. unhein sheersh europeeya dou varsheeya coult key roop mein cartier racing puraskar key liye chunaa gayaa thaa. 1995 mein, celtic swing key liye vyaapak daavon key saath ummeeden adhik theen kii vaha sabhi samay key sabse badey ghodon mein seey ack hoga, aur 2,000 ginny aur derby key liye lagbhag abhootpoorv roop seey cumm baadhaaen. yahaan taka kii daavaa kiya gayaa thaa kii, 25 saal baad nizinsky aisaa karane vaalaa antim ghodaa thaa, vaha sent legger bhee legaa aur coults kaa triple crown jeet legaa, joe vyaapak roop seey maanaa jaataa thaa kii visheshagya prajanan key kaaran lagbhag asambhav hoe gayaa thaa. 1995: teen saal purana satra. lagbhag anivarya roop seey, vaha inn bhavya apekshaon parr kabhi kharaa naheen utare, jisamen usa samay key kaee utsaahjanak sampadakiya shamil they. saat farlong mein vaapas kadam rakhate hue, unhone 22 aprail 1995 koo greenham stakes mein newbury mein naram maidan parr apani mausami shuruat kii. halanki bahari parr unaki jeet shandar naheen thee, lekin unhein abhee bhee chunauti naheen dee gaee thee, aur aggar unhein cumm naheen kiya jaataa tou way antim ack aur ack chauthai kii lambai seey bahut adhik jeet jaate. 6 maee 1995 koo 2,000 ginny key liye sub kuchh nirdhaarit kiya gayaa thaa, lagbhag asahaniya ummeedon key beach ack daud (usa dinn kii subah kii rekha parr, johnn macrick ney zim macrath seey kahaa, joe samay key saath dridhata seey shamil thaa, jisane kahaa thaa kii daud ack "nishchitata" thee, kii aggar ghodaa cumm seey cumm aathh lambai seey naheen jeetaa tou macrath samaapt hoe gayaa thaa). lekin celtic swing key kavach mein pahali daraaren achaanak saamane aaeenh halanki vaha anta key karib vaapas ladey, lekin vaha francisi ghode penecamp koo haraa naheen sakey, joe antatah ack sir seey jeet gayaa. malik peater seville ney derby mein naheen bhaagne kaa faisala kiya, yeh daavaa karate hue kii epsum kaa maidan ghode kii pasand key liye bahut dridh thaa, aur isake bajaay 4 juuna 1995 koo chantili mein prix doo jockey club ("french derby") key liye jaaen. yahaan unhone avence key pasandida kii shuruat kii, aur jeetaa, lekin kewal polyglotte parr ack avishvasaniya aadhe-lambai seey. unaki antim daud 2 julaai 1995 koo karrag mein ayrish derby mein hogi. yahaan unhone 5-4 pasandida key roop mein shuruat kii, lekin terah dhaavakon mein seey aathven sthaan parr nirashajanak roop seey samaapt kiya, joe kabhi bhee jeetane jaisa naheen lagaa. aage kii sthiti aur bhee kharaab theeh vaha daud key dauran ghayal hoe gaye they, aur satra key liye unake baaki karyakram koo chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. 1996 key satra key baad key hisse mein unhein chaar saal key roop mein phir seey chalaane kaa irada thaa, lekin chot phir seey hui aur lagbhag kissy kaa dhyaan naheen gayaa, bahut prachaarit "ashcharya" 20 julaai 1996 koo chupchaap sevaanivritt hoe gayaa thaa, unaki antim daud key ack saal seey bhee adhik samay baad. stud record. celtic swing kaa stud record kaafee hudd taka ullekhaniya naheen thaa, lekin unhone dou utkrisht ghodon koo surr kiya. australiyai nasl adhigrahan lakshya (daim-shaddy stream) ney australia, united kingdam, japan aur singapur mein sheersh daud daud sahit aathh samooh ack daud jeeti aur 41 daud shuru honey mein 21 jeet seey puraskar raashi mein. french nasl key chhah paripurnataon ney 2003 mein naslon key cup meal sahit chhah daud jeete. celtic swing sitambar 2010 mein colitis key anubandh key baad itali mein elevamento dee besnet mein marr gayaa.

celtic swing celtic swing (21 phebravari 1992-4 september 2010) british sampoorna taligala rays haars aagittu. avaru padedaru french darbiyannu geddaru mattu hindina varshada sharatkaaladalli avara pradarshanagalige hesaruvaasiyaagiddaru, ascott mattu doncasternalli avara geluvugalu aadhunika european racingnalli eradu varshada kudureyannu athi hecchu rating maadalu kaaranavaadavu. hinnele. celtic swing annu peater savil avaru tamma vrattijeevanada bahupalu odetanadallittukondiddaru, idannu norphocna duchess lavinia belesidaru mattu aakeya magalu lady herries avaru sussexnalli tarabeti padedaru. 1985rahra epsum derbiyalli british mair celtic ringninda moorane sthana padeda american-tali kudureyaada damister avarinda aata sird aadanu. avana mommaga, penquic abharana, 1974 rahra ascott goaled cup vijeta rogstone mattu cassel moonge malasahodari-1986 rahra saint legger vijeta moone madness, 1989 rahra pattaabhisheka cup vijeta sheriff starr mattu 1990 rahra goodwood cup vijeta cassel moone. avana hesaru, bhagashah avana anekattina hesarininda sphurti padediddaroo, nirdishtavagi wyaan marison trackninda tegedukollalagide. avana ellah elu resgalalli avanu kevin darliyinda sawari madalpattanu. racing vrutti. 1994: eradu varshagala kaala. 1994rahra julai julai modala baarige celtic swing spardheyu elu farlaanggala mele naalku uddagalinda eradu varshagala haleya modala otavannu gedditu. avaru nechchinavaragi praarambhisade odida ekaika samaya idaagittu. 1994rahra october october avaru ascotnalli elu farlaanggalannu entu uddagalinda geddaru, taruvaayada atyanta yashasvi haadugaarikeyannu solisidaru. idu saakashtu utsaahavannu srushtisidaroo, 1994rahra october april doncasternalli nadeda ondu mailigoo hecchu antarada racing post trophiu prachaarakke kaaranavaayitu, adannu avaru hanneradu uddagalinda geddaru. aata europina agra eradu varshada kudure magu endu cartier racing prashastiyannu padedaru. padedaru, celtic swing bagge hecchina nirikshegalu iddavu, aata saarvakaalika shreshtha kuduregalalli obbanendu vyaapakavaada helikegalu mattu 2,000 giniyagalu mattu derby bagge abhootapoorvagi kadime aadsgalu iddavu. nizinsky adannu maadida koneya kudureyagi 25 varshagala nantara, aata saint legger annu tegedukondu coltsna trivali kireetavannu gelluttaane endu helalaaguttittu, idu tagna santanotpattiya kaaranadindaagi bahuteka asaadhyavaagide endu vyaapakavaagi nambalaagittu. 1995: mooru varshagala kaala. bahuteka anivaryavagi, avaru ee mahan nirikshegalige endigoo takkante badukalilla, idaralli aaa kaalada halavaaru harshachittadinda sampaadakeeyagalu seriddavu. elu farlaanggalige hintirugida avaru, 1995rahra april april greenham stakesnalliruva neuberyalli mruduvaada maidaanadalli tamma rtumaanada chocchala praveshavannu maadidaru. bahri viruddhada avara geluvu adbhutavaagiralillavaadaru, avaru innoo savaalu haakalilla, mattu avaru antimavagi kaalu mattu kaalu uddakkinta hecchu gelluttiddaru. 1995rahra mayee mayee 2,000 giniyagalige ellavannu siddhapadisalaayitu, bahuteka asahaneeya nirikshegala naduve otada ota (aaa dinada belagina saalinalli, zaan macriric zim mcgratge helidaru, avaru samayada roopadalli balavagi todagisikondiddaru, idu otavu "khachita" endu heliddu, kudureyu kanishta entu uddagala mcgrath annu gelladiddare). aadare celtic swing rakshaakavachadalli modala birukugalu iddakkiddante horahommidavuh avaru koneyalli horaadidaroo, french kudure pennecomp annu solisalu avarige sadhyavagalilla, avaru antimavagi taleyinda geddaru. maaleeka peater savil derbiyalli odadiralu nirdharisidaru, epsamnalliruva maidaanavu kudureya ishtakke tumba drudhavaagide endu heli, badalige 4 zoon 1995 randu chaantiliyalliruva prix du jaaki klabge (french durby) hogi. illi avaru ivansna nechchinadannu praarambhisidaru mattu geddaru, aadare polyglot mele nambalaagada ardha-uddadinda maatra. 1995rahra julai julai karragnalliruva airish derbiyalli avara antima otavu nadeyuttittu. illi avaru 5-4 nechchinavaragi praarambhisidaru, aadare hadimuru otagaararalli teevra nirashaadaayakavaagi entane sthana galisidaru, avaru endigoo gelluvante kanalilla. munde barabekaadaddu kettadaagittuh otada samayadalli aata gaayagondiddanu mattu aaa rtuvina aatana ulida velaapattiyannu kaibidalaayitu. 1996rahra rtuvina nantarada bhagadalli naalku varshadavanagiddaga aatanannu matte odisuva uddeshavannu hondittu, aadare gayavu punaraavartaneyaayitu mattu bahuteka gamanakke baarada, hecchu pracharagonda "vandar haars" annu 1996rahra julai julai, aatana koneya otada nantara ondu varshakkoo hecchu kaala, saddillade nivruttaraadaru. stud record. celtic swing naa stud daakhaleyu bahumattige gamanarhavagiralilla, aadare avaru eradu atyuttama kuduregalannu rachisidaru. aastreliyaada tali swadhina guri (dyaam-shaadi stream) australia, united kingdom, japan mattu singapuradalli agra sprinting resgalu seridante entu gumpu wandara resgalannu geddukonditu mattu nalavattondu resnalli ippattondu geluvugalinda bahumaanada hanadalli gedditu. french-tali philli six perfectiongalu perfectiongalu breeders cup mail seridante aaru resgalannu geddavu. celtic swing september september colotise soonkige olagaada nantara italiya alevamento dii besnetnalli nidhanaraadaru.

celtic swing celtic swing (21 februvari 1992-4 septambar 2010) oru britiish samboornna vamshajayaaya racehourse aayirunnu. 1995 ll franch derby nediya addeham kazhinja varshathe sharathkaalathe prakadanangalkkum perukettirunnu, ascottilum dongastarilum nediya vijayangal aadhunika europian racingle ettavum uyarnna rating labhicha rund vayassukaaranaayi kuthiraye maatti. pashchaathalam. celtic swing addehathinte kariyarinte bhooribhaagavum peettar savilinte udamasthathayilaayirunnu, norphokkinte dutches lavinia valarthukayum avarude makal lady herries sussexil pariseelippikkukayum cheythu. 1985 leeii epsom derbyil britiish merr celtic ringle ninnu moonnaam sthaanathethiya american vamshajayaaya daamistar kuthira addehathe sarr cheythu. addehathinte grandmam, pencuic jeweller, 1974 ascot gold kapp jethaavaaya ragstoninteyum 1986 leeii sent legger jethaavaaya moonn madness, 1989 leeii kireedadhaarana kapp jethaavaaya sherief staar, 1990 leeii goodwood kapp jethaavaaya kaasil moonn ennivayude ardhasahodariyaayirunnu. addehathinte peru, bhaagikamaayi addehathinte anakkettil ninnu prachodanam ulkkondathaanengilum, oru vaan morrison trackle ninnaan prathyekamaayi eduthathu. thante ezhu malsarangalilum addeham kevin darleyude savaarikkaaranaayirunnu. racing currier. 1994: rund varsham pazhakkamulla season. 1994 juulai 16nuu celtic swing aadyamaayi rays cheythu, ezhu farlongukalil naalu neelatthil rund varsham pazhakkamulla kanni rays nedi. priyappettathayi aarambhikkathe addeham oodiyathu ithaadyamaayirikkum. 1994 october 8nuu addeham ascottle ettu neelatthil ezhu farlongukal nedi, thudarnnulla vann vijayakaramaya ganarachanaye paraajayappeduthi. ithu ganyamaaya avesham srishtichenkilum, 1994 october 22 nuu donkaasttaril oru mile dairkhyamulla racing poost trophiyaayirunnu prachaaratthilekku nayichathu, athu addeham panthrand neelatthil vijayichu. europian vamshathile ettavum mikacha rund vayassulla kuttyenna nilayil cartier racing award addehathinu labhichu. 1995-ll, celtic swinginaayi prathekshakal uyarnna thothil undaayirunnu, addeham ekkaalatheyum mikacha kuthirakalil oralayirikkumenna vyapakamaaya avakaashavaadangalode, 2,000 giniyaykkum derbick abhoothapoorvamaaya hrasvamaaya saadhyathakalum. nijinsky avasaanamaayi kuthirayayi 25 varshathinusesham, addeham sent legger eduthu kuttiyammaarude triple kireedam nedumennum avakaashavaadangal uyarnnirunnu, ithu specialist breeding kaaranam eathaandu asaadhyamaanennu parakke vishwasikkappettirunnu. 1995: moonnu varsham pazhakkamulla season. mikkavarum anivaryamaayum, akkaalathe niravadhi aaveshakaramaaya edittoriyalukal ulppedunna eee mahathaaya pratheekshakalkk addeham orikkalum anusrithamaayi jeevichilla. ezhu farlongukalilekku madangiyethiya addeham 1995 epril 22 nuu greenham stekkile newbariyile sophtt groundil seasonal arangettam kurichu. bahriyethiraaya vijayam athishayakaramallengilum addeham appozhum velluviliyillaathavinanu, addeham thalarnnillaayirunnenkil aathyanthikamayi naalilonn dairkhyathekkaal kooduthal vijayikkumaayirunnu. eathaandu asahaneeyamaaya pratheekshakalkidayilulla oru rays rann aaya 2000 giniyaykkayi 1995 meyy 6 nuu ellaam sajjamakki (annathe prabhatha variyil, joonn macriric jiim makraathinodu paranju, rays oru "urappaanenn" paranja samayakramathil shakthamayi earppettirunna jiim makraathinodu, kuthira kuranjathu ettu neelamenkilum vijayikkunnillenkil mccrath poortthiyaayi). ennaal celtic swinginte kavachatthile aadya villalukal pettennu uyarnnuvannu avasaanam addeham thirichadichu, pakshe franch kuthira pennekaambine paraajayappeduthaan addehathinu kazhinjilla, oduvil avar oru thalaykku vijayichu. kuthirayude ishtathinu epsathile maithanam valare urachathaanennu avakaashappett udama peettar saval derbyil oodaruthennu theerumaanichu, pakaram 1995 juun 4 nuu chaanttiliyile prix duu jokey klabbilekku ("franch derby") pookuka. ivide addeham evansinte priyappettath aarambikkukayum vijayikkukayum cheythu, pakshe polyglotinu mukalilulla avishwasaneeyamaaya pakuthi neelatthiloode maathram. 1995 juulai 2nuu kuraakkile airish derbyil vechaayirunnu addehathinte avasana malsaram. ivide addeham 4-5 enna nilayil priyappettavanayi aarambhichuvenkilum pathimoonnu oottakkaaril ettaam sthaanathethiyenkilum orikkalum vijayikkunnillenn thonni. athilum moshamaayirunnu malsarathinide addehathinu parikkettu, seasonile addehathinte backie shedule upekshikkappettu. 1996 seasonile avasana bhaagath naalu vayassullappol addehathe veendum oodikkaan uddeshichirunnuvenkilum parikk aavarthikkukayum erekkure sradhikkappedaathe, eare prachaaratthilundaayirunna "vandarhozhs" 1996 juulai 20 nuu nishabdamaayi viramikkukayum cheythu. stud record. celtic swinginte stad record erekkure shradheyamallengilum addeham rund mikacha kuthirakale swanthamaakki. australian breed tekavar taargett (daam-shaddy stream) austreliya, yunaittad kingdom, jappan, singapur ennividangalile topp sprinting raceukal ulppede ettu group vann resukalil vijayichu, koodaathe naalppathiyonnu rays aarambikkunna irupathiyonnu vijayangalil ninnu sammaanathukayum nedi. franch vamshajayaaya philli six perfections 2003-ll breedezhs kapp mile ulppede aarr raceukal nedi. celtic swing 2010 septambaril italiyile alivemento dii besnettil vankudalppani baadhichathine thudarnnu marichu.

celtic swing celtic swing (21 februwari 1992-4 september 2010) haah eka british sampoorn jaaticha sharyaticha ghoda hota. tyane 1995 madhye french derby jinkley aanee mageel varshachya sharad rututil tyachya kamgirisathi dekhil olakhala gela, jevha escott aanee doncastermadhil tyachya vijayamule ghoda aadhunik european sharyatit sarvoch darjacha done varshancha jhaala. parshvabhoomi. celtic swing tyachya karkirditil bahutansh kaal pieter savilchya malkicha hota, jyacha janm norphokchya duchess lavinia hiney keela aanee teela tichi mulgi lady harries hiney susaxmadhye prashikshan dile. 1985 chya epsum derbymadhye british mayer celtic ringmadhun tisya sthanavar rahilelya damister yaa american vanshachya ghodyane tyala shivigal kelee. tyacha natoo, penquic jewel, 1974 chya escott goaled cup vijetya ragstonechi aanee casal moonchi savatra baheen hotee-1986 chya seent legger vijetya moone madnessche dharan, 1989 chya rajyabhishek cup vijetya sherifcha taara aanee 1990 chya goodwood cup vijetya casal moone. tyache naav, jaree anshatah tyachya dharanapasun prerit asale, taree visheshtah vanne maurison trackveroon ghetale gele hote. tyachya serve saat sharyatinmadhye tyane kevin darleychi sawari kelee hotee. sharyatitil karkird. 1994: done varshancha hangam. celtic swingne 16 julai 1994 roji pahilyanda sharyat kelee, jyat saat furlongwar chaar lambine done varshe junie pahili sharyat jinkley. aavadati mhanoon suruvat naan karata too dhavanyachi hii ekmev vel asel. 8 aktoobar 1994 roji tyane escott yethe aath lambine saat furlong jinkale, tyanantarchya atyant yashasvi gayanspeelala parabhoot kele. jaree yamule lakshaniy utsah nirman jhaala asala taree, 22 aktoobar 1994 roji doncaster yethe eka mailahoon adhik sharyatinantarchi chashak spardha hii prasiddhila karanibhoot tharali, jee tyane baaraa lambine jinkley. tyala europatil sarvoch done varshiy pillu mhanoon cartier racing puraskarane gauravanyat aale. 1995 madhye, celtic swingsathi mothya apeksha hotya, jyat too sarvkalatil sarvat mahan ghodyanpaiki eka asel aanee 2,000 giinii aanee derbysathi jawaljawal abhootpurvapane qamee shakyata aahet, asey vyapak dave hote. agadi asey davehi kele gele hote qee, nizinsky haah shevatcha ghoda houn 25 varshanni too seent legarhi gheil aanee pillancha tiheri mukut jinkel, joou tadnya prajananamule jawaljawal ashakya jhaala hota asey vyapakpane manale jaat hote. 1995: teen varshancha hangam. jawaljawal apariharyapane, tyanni yaa bhavya apeksha kadhich purn kelya naheet, jyat tyaa kalatil anek utsahi sampadakiyancha samavesh hota. saat furlongmadhye parat aalyavar, tyane 22 april 1995 roji greenham stakesmadhil newberry yetheel mauu maidanavar hangami padarpan kele. jaree baharivaril tyacha vijay netradipak nasla taree too ajunahi aavhanatmak navhata aanee jarr too khalee utarala nasata tarr too antim eka chaturthansh lambipeksha barech adhik antarane jinkla asata. 6 meey 1995 roji 2,000 ginisathi serve kahee tayar karnyat aale hote, jawaljawal asahya apekshanmadhye eka sharyat (tyaa divasachya sakalchya reshet, johnn macrick jiim mcgrathla mhanala, joou velechya swarupat jordarpane guntalela hota, jyane mhatale hote qee sharyat eka "nishchitata" hotee, qee jarr ghoda kiman aath lambine jinkla nahee tarr mcgrath purn jhaala). parantu celtic swingchya kavchatil pahili phaat achanak udbhavalih jaree too shevatajaval parat ladhala, taree too french ghodyachya penecampla parabhoot karoo shakala nahee, joou akheris dokyane jinkla. malak pieter savilne derbymadhye naan dhavanyacha nirnay ghetala, aanee dawa keela qee epsum yetheel maidan ghodyachya aavadisathi khoop ghatt hote aanee tyaeivaji 4 juuna 1995 roji chantilly yetheel prix duu jockey klabmadhye (french derby) jaa. yethe tyane evenschee aavadati suruvat kelee aanee jinkla, parantu keval polyglotchya ardhya lambine. 2 julai 1995 roji curry yethe ayrish derbymadhye tyachi antim sharyat honar hotee. yethe tyane 5-4 favourate mhanoon suruvat kelee, parantu tera dhavpatunpaiki aathvya kramankavar rahoon, kadhihi jinkalyache disale nahee. tyanantar aanakhi white ghadleh sharyatidarmyan too jakhami jhaala hota aanee hangamache tyache urvarit velapatrak sodoon denyat aale hote. 1996chya hangamachya uttaradhat tyala chaar varshancha asatana punha dhavavanyacha hetu hota, parantu dukhapat punha jhaali aanee jawaljawal durlaksh karoon, khoop prasiddha asalela 'wonderhorse' tyachya shevatchya sharyatinantar eka varshahoon adhik kaal, 20 julai 1996 roji shantpane nivrutt jhaala. stud reecord. celtic swingchi stud reecord mothya pramanat ullekhaneey navhati parantu tyane done utkrusht ghode ghetale. austreliyan prajnan adhigrahan lakshya (damm-sandigdha pravah) neey austreliya, united kingdam, japan aanee singapurmadhil avval dhavnyachya sharyateensah aath gut eka sharyati jinkalya aanee 41 sharyati suru honanya ekvis vijayanmadhun bakshis rakmemadhye. french-vanshatil phiilii six perfectionsne 2003 madhye breeders cup miles sahaa sharyati jinkalya. celtic swingcha september 2010 madhye italitil elevamento dii besnet yethe kolayatisacha sansarg jhalyanantar mrutyu jhaala.

celtic swing celtic swing (21 february 1992-4 september 2010) ek britis purna naslako reshers thiyo. unle sann 1995 maa french derby jiteka thie rar aghillo warshako sharad rituma unko pradarshanka lagi pani parichit thie, jab escot rar duncasterma unko jitle adhunik europeli daudama ghoda uchchatam mulyankan garieko dui warshako bhayo. prishthabhumi. celtic swing unko carrierko adhikansh samaya pieter syabhilko swamitwama thiyo, narfokko douches lavinia dwara prajanan garieko thiyo rar unko chhori leady herizdwara susasexma prashikshit garieko thiyo. unlai demister, ek americi-naslako ghodale sired gareko thiyo jasle 1985 apsum derbyma britis merr celtic ringbata tesro sthan prapta gareko thiyo. unko grandom, penkuk gahana, 1974 escot gold cup vijeta ragstone, rar kasal munn-1986 cent legger vijeta moon pagalpan, 1989 rajyabhishek cup vijeta sheriff starr rar 1990 goodwod cup vijeta casal munko baandhako sauteni bahini thiin. unko naam, yadyapi anshik rupma unko bandhabata prerit thiyo, vishesh gari bhyan morison trackbatt liieko thiyo. unka sabai satawata daudharuma uni kewin darlidwara sawari garieko thiyo. resing currier. 1994: dui warsha purano sijan. celtic swingle 16 july 1994 maa pahilo patak daud garyo, saat farlangharuma chaar lambaile dui warsha purano pahilo daud jityo. yo ek matra samaya hunechha jab uni manaparneko rupma suru nagari daudie. 8 october 1994 maa unle escotma saat farlangharu atha lambaile jite, pachhi thulo safal singaspillai harae. yadyapi yasale paryapta utsaha sirjana gyoa, 22 october 1994 maa duncasterma ek mailbhanda badhi daud post trafile prachar nimtyayo, june unle bahra lambaile jiteka thie. unlai shirsha europeli dui warshiya koltako rupma cartier resing awardma matadan garieko thiyo. sann 1995 maa, celtic swingka lagi wyapak dabiharu thie kii uni sabai samayako sabaibhanda thulo ghoda madhye ek hunechhan, rar 2,000 ginny rar derbyka lagi lagbhag abhutpurva rupma chhoto badhaharu. dabi pani garieko thiyo kii, nizinsky yo garne antim ghoda bhaeko 25 warshapachhi, unle cent legger pani line rar koltsko triple croun jitne thie, june visheshagya prajananka karan lagbhag asambhawa bhaeko thiyo bhanne wyapak rupma vishwas garieko thiyo. 1995: tinn warsha purano sijan. lagbhag aniwarya rupma, uni yee bhawya apekshaharu kahilyai pura garenan, jasma tyas samayaka dherai utsahajanak sampadakiyaharu samawesh thie. saat farlangma farkane kramama, unle 22 april 1995 maa greenham stacko newberyma naram maidanma afno mausami debue gare. yadyapi baharimathi unko jiit shandar thiena, uni ajhai pani chunautirahit thie, rar yadi uni sahaj bhaenan bhane unle antim ek chauthai lambai bhanda dherai jit hasil garne thie. 6 mey 1995 maa 2,000 giniharuka lagi sabai taya garieko thiyo, lagbhag asahaniya apekshaharu bichko daud (tyas dinko bihanko rekhama, john macririckle zim macrathlai bhane, jo samaya dhanchama dridhatapurwak sanlagna thie jasle bhaneko thiyo kii daud ek "nishchitta" thiyo, kii yadi ghodale kamtima atha lambaile jitna sakena bhane macrath samapta bhayo). tara celtic swingko kawachama pahilo dararharu achanak dekha paryoh yadyapi unle antyama lade, tara unle francelli ghoda pennecamplai harauna sakenan, jasle antatah taukole jityo. malik pieter syabhille derbyma nadaune nirnaya gare, epsamko maidan ghodako manaparneka lagi dherai dridha thiyo bhanera dabi gardai, rar yasako satta 4 june 1995 maa chantilima prix du jaki club ("french derby") maa januhos. yahan unle ibhansako manaparne suru gare, rar jite, tara polyglotma awishwasaniya adha-lambaile matra. unko antim daud 2 july 1995 maa karragma iris derbyma hunechha. yahan unle 5-4 manaparneko rupma suru gare, tara tehra dhawakharu madhye athaunma nirashajanak rupma samapta gare, kahilyai jitna jasto dekhiena. pachhyaune awastha ajha kharab thiyoh uni daudako kramama ghaite bhaeka thie, rar sijanka lagi unko baanki talika tyagieko thiyo. sann 1996 ko sijanko pachhillo bhagma unlai chaar warshako umerma feri chalaunako lagi yo uddeshya garieko thiyo, tara chot barambar bhayo rar, lagbhag dhyan nadiiyo, dherai prachar garieko "wonderhears" chupchap 20 july 1996 maa sewaniwritta bhayo, unko antim daudako ek warsha bhanda badhi pachhi. stud record. celtic swingko stud record dherai hadasamma ullekhaniya thiena tara unle dui utkrishta ghodaharu sear gare. astrelian prajanan adhigrahan lakshya (bandha-chhayadar stream) ley astrelia, united kingdom, japan rar singapurma shirsha sprinting daudharu sahit atha samuha ek daudharu jityo rar 41 daud suru hunda 21 wata jitbata puraskar rashima jityo. francelli-naslako filly six perfexionle 2003 maa breeder cup mile sahit chhawata daudharu jityo. celtic swingko september 2010 maa italyko alevamento dee besenetma kolaitisko sankraman bhaepachi mrityu bhayo.

celtic suing celtic suing (21 februari 1992-4 september 2010) eka british sampurna jaatira reshears thila . shay 1995 ray french derby jitithile ebong purba barshar sharat ruture taanka pradarshan paain madhya janashuna thile, jetebele ascot ebong danakastarare tankara bijai adhunika europeah resingre dui barshar ghoda bhabare sarbocha rated hoithila . prusthabhumi. celtic suing taanka carriara adhikansha samai pieter savilanka malikanare thila, jaahaa daches off norphoc lavinianka dwara prajnan karajaithila ebong taanka jhia ledi herijnka dwara sussexre talim diajaithila . shay demistaranka dwara utsahita hoithile, eka americae-jaata ghoda jie 1985 epsom derby ray british ghoda celtic ringaru truteeja sthana hassel karithile . taanka grandam, penquic ratna, 1974 ascott gold cop bijeta ragstone ebong kasal munn-1986 sta legger bijeta munn pagalami, 1989 rajyabhisheka cop bijeta sherif starr ebong 1990 goodoud cop bijeta kasal munnka dyam paain jane sabata bhaunee thile . taanka naama, jadio taanka dyam dwara aanshika bhabare anupranita, nirdista bhabare eka bhyan morrison track ru niajaithila . tankara samasta satati daudare shay kebhin darlinka dwara parichalita hoithile. resing kyariyara. 1994: dui barsha puruna rutu. celtic suing pratham thara paain 1994 masiha july 16 tarikhare satati pharlangare chaari lambare dui barsha puruna pratham daudare bijai hoithila. ehaa ekamatra samai heba jetebele shay priya bhabare arambha nakari doudithile. 1994 masiha october 8 tarikhare shay ascot thaare athati lambare satati pharlanga jitithile, jaahaa parabarti samajare atyanta saphala geetaku parasta karithila. jadio ehaa yathesta utsaha srusti karithila, jeun daudati pracharara kaaran hoithila taaha thila 1994 october 22 ray danakastarare eka mailaru adhika resing post trophy, jaahaaku shay barati lambare jitithile . shay europeah dui barshar shirsha bilei bhabare cartier resing puraskara paain nirbachita hoithile. 1995 masiha parjyanta, celtic suing paain aasha adhika thila, jeunthire byapaka daabi karajaithila je shay sarbakaleena sarbashrestha ghoda madhyaru jane hebe, ebong 2,000 gini ebong derby paain praiah abhutapurba bhabare swalpa sambhabana . epariki daabi karajaithila je, nizinsky shesh ghoda hebara 25 barsha parey, shay cent legger madhya nebe ebong bileinka tini mukut jitibe, jaahaa bisheshagya prajnan hetu praiah asambhaba hoigala bolly byapaka bhabare biswasa karajauthila . 1995: tini barsha puruna rutu. praiah anibarjya bhabe, shay kebe bii ehi bishala aasha purana karinathile, jeunthire sehi samaira aneka romanchkar sampadakiah antarbhukta thila. satati pharlangku feriba parey, shay 22 april 1995 ray greenham stekra nyubareere naram graundare rutukaleena debyu karithile. jadio bahri upare tankara bijai chamatkara nathila, tathapi shay pratidwandita karinathile, ebong shay shesh eka chaturthansha dairghya apekhya bahuta adhika jitithante jadi tanku sahaja karajainathanta . 1995 masiha meey maasa 6 tarikhare 2,000 gini paain samasta prastuti karajaithila, praiah asahya aasha madhyare eka dauda (sehi dinara sakaala linere, zohn macreric zim mcgrathanku kahithile, jie samai form sahita drudha bhabare jadita thile jaahaa kahithila je dauda eka "nishchitata" thila, je jadi ghoda atikamre aatha lumb mcgrathare jiti nathila) samapta hoithila. kintu celtic suingra barmare pratham fatt hathat ubha helah jadio shay shesh aadaku ladhile, shay farasi ghoda penekyampaku parasta kariparile naahin, jie sheshare eka munda dwara jitithile . malika pieter sabhila derby ray naah daudiba paain nishpatti neithile, daabi karithile je epsamra ground ghodara pasanda paain bahuta drudha thila, ebong ehaa paribarte 4 june 1995 ray chantilly thaare prix du jaki club ("french derby") ku jaantu . ethaare shay evensara priya arambha karithile, ebong jitithile, kintu kebala polyglot upare abiswasaneeja adhaa dairghya dwara . tankara shesh dauda 2 july 1995 ray karragare iris derby ray heba. ethaare shay 5-4 priya bhabare arambha karithile, kintu tera john doudabidanka madhyaru eka tikta nirashajanaka astama sthana samapta karithile, kebe jitithiba pari dekhajaunathila . ahuri kharap paristhiti srusti hoithilah dauda samajare shay ahata hoithile, ebong rutu paain tankara abasista karjyasuchi parityaga karajaithila. 1996 sijinra parabarti bhagare tanku chaari barsha bajasare puni thare chalaibaku lakhya karajaithila, kintu aaghata punarabrutti hoithila ebong praiah anadekha hoi, bahu-pracharita "wanderhars" 20 july 1996 ray neerabare absar neithile, tankara shesh daudara eka barsharu adhika samai parey . stud record. celtic suingra stud record mukhyatah ullekhaneeah nathila kintu shay duiti ullekhaneeah ghoda sarr karithile . astrelian prajnan takeover target (dyam-shaidi stream) astrelia, united kingadam, japan ebong singapurare shirsha sprinting rays sameth athati group waan rays jitithila ebong 41tii resre 21tii bijajaru puraskara arthare jitithila. 2003 masihare french-jaata phili six perfection prajananakaree cop mile sameth chhaati rays jitithila. september 2010ray colitis sankramita heba parey celtic suinga italyra alevamento dii besnet thaare mrutyubarana karithila.

celtic swing celtic swing (21 farvari 1992-4 satambar 2010) ikk british nasal daa nasal daa ghoda see. uss neey 1995 witch franch derby jitti atey pichle saal dee patjhad witch aapne pardarshan laee vee janhiaa jaanda see, jadon uss neey escot atey dancaster witch jitt prapat keeti see, jiss naal ghoda aadhunik european racing witch sabh toon uccha darja prapat doou saal daa hoow giaa see. pichokad. celtic swing uss dey ziaadaatar carrier laee pieter sevil dee malkiat see, jiss noon lavinia, duchess aaf norphok duaara paida keeta giaa see atey uss dee dhee lady harries duaara sussex witch sikhlai ditti gaee see. uss noon demister duaara suttiaa giaa see, ikk amriki nasal daa ghoda joe british ghode dee celtic ring vicchon 1985 dey appsum derby witch teeje sathaan 'teey riha see. uss daa granddam, panquic gahina, 1974 dey escot gold kapp jetu ragstone dee matrei bhainn see, atey kilhe dey chann-1986 dey cent lagger jetu chann pagalpan, 1989 dey tajposhi kapp jetu sheriff starr atey 1990 dey goodwod kapp jetu casal chann daa daim see. uss daa naam, halanki uss dey daim toon anshak taur 'teey prerit see, vishesh taur' teey vain maurison track toon liaa giaa see. aapniaan saariaan satt daudan witch uh kevin darley duaara swaar see. racing carrier. 1994: doou saal purana season. celtic swing neey pahili vaar 16 julai 1994 noon satt furlong witch chaar lambai naal doou saal purani pahili daud jitti. ih iklauti vaar hovega jadon uh pasandida vajon shuruat keete binan daudada see. 8 aktubar 1994 noon uss neey escot vikhe satt furlong atth lambai naal jitte, jiss neey baad witch bahut safal geet-geet noon haraiaa. halanki iss neey kaafi utshah paida keeta, parr jiss daud neey prachar daa caarn baniaa uh 22 aktubar 1994 noon dancaster vikhe ikk meal toon vaddh dee racing post trophy see, jiss noon usne baaran lambai naal jittiaa see. uss noon choti dey european doou saala coult vajon cartier racing award laee chunhiaa giaa see. 1995 witch, viaapak daaviaan dey naal celtic swing laee umeedan ucchiaan sunn kii uh hunn takk dey sabh toon mahaan ghodiaan vicchon ikk hovega, atey 2,000 ginni atey derby laee lagbhag bemisal taur 'teey chhotiaan sambhavnavan hunn. ih vee daava keeta giaa see kii, nijinsky iss noon curran vaala aakhri ghoda honn dey 25 saal baad, uh cent legger vee lae javega atey vachhe bacchiaan daa triple taaj jittega, joe kii viaapak taur 'teey manniaa jaanda see kii mahr prajanan caarn lagbhag asambhav hoow giaa see. 1995: tinn saal purana season. lagbhag lazmi taur utte, uh kadey vee inhan shandar umeedan utte kharaa naheen utare, jiss witch uss samein dey kaee shandar sampadaki lekh shamal sunn. satt furlong 'teey waps aaunde hoye, usne 22 aprail 1995 noon greenham stakes witch newbury vikhe naram maidaan' teey aapni mausami shuruat keeti. halanki baahari 'teey usdi jitt shandar naheen see, uh ajey vee chunotipuran see, atey jey uh dhilla naa hunda taan uh aakhri ikk chauthai lambai toon bahut ziaada jittda. 6 maee 1995 noon 2,000 ginniaan laee sabh kujh tiaar keeta giaa see, lagbhag asehansheel umeedan dey vichkaar ikk daud (uss dinn dee sware dee line 'teey, john mccriric neey jimm mcgrath noon kiha, joe timeform naal mazbooti naal shamal see jiss neey kiha see kii daud ikk "nishchitta" see, kii jey ghoda ghatto ghatt atth lambai mcgrath naal naheen jittda see). parr celtic swing dey shastar witch pahiliaan cheeran achanak ubbhar keey sahmane aaiaan halanki uh ant dey nede waps ladiaa, parr uh franch ghode dey penecamp noon haraa naheen sakiaa, jiss neey aakharkar sir naal jitt prapat keeti. maalak pieter sevil neey derby witch naa daudan daa faisla keeta, ih daava karde hoye kii appsum daa maidaan ghode dee pasand laee bahut mazboot see, atey iss dee bajaae 4 juun 1995 noon chantili vikhe prix duu jauki club ("franch derby") laee jaao. itthe usne evens dee pasandida shuruat keeti, atey jittiaa, parr siraf polyglot utte ikk aspasht addhi lambai naal. uss dee aakhri daud 2 julai 1995 noon karaag vikhe irish derby witch hovegi. itthe uss neey 5-4 pasandida vajon shuruat keeti, parr teran daudakan vicchon athvan sathaan buri tarahan nirashajanak riha, kadey vee jittna naheen laggda see. iss toon vee maadi sathiti seeuuu uh daud dauran zakhmi hoow giaa see, atey season laee uss daa baaki samaan-saarnee chhadd ditti gaee see. 1996 dey season dey baad vaale hisse witch uss noon chaar saal dee umar witch dubara chalaun daa irada see, parr satt dubara laggi atey, lagbhag kise daa dhiaan naheen giaa, bahut ziaada prachar keeta giaa "wonderhores" 20 julai 1996 noon chupchap sevamukt hoow giaa see, uss dee aakhri daud toon ikk saal toon vee vaddh samein baad. stud ricard. celtic swing daa stud ricard kaafi hadd takk shandar see parr usne doou shandar ghode banaae. australia dey nasal dey takeover target (daim-shaddy stream) neey atth group ikk daud jittiaan jinhan witch australia, united kingdom, japaan atey singapur witch choti deeaan sprinting daudan shamal hunn atey ikattali daud shuru honn witch 21 jittan toon inami raashi witch. franch nasal dey phili chhe perfectionan neey 2003 witch breeders kapp meal samet chhe daud jittiaan sunn. celic swing dee satambar 2010 witch itali dey alevamento dee basenet witch colitis dey sankarman toon baad maut hoow gaee see.

celtic swing celtic swing (21 febravari 1992-4 september 2010) ekaha british-jaatayah res-haars aasit. saha 1995 tame varshe french-derby-kridaayaam vijayam praapnot, poorvavarshasya sharadrutau tasya pradarshanasy krute api prasidhah aasit, yadaa ascott-kridaayaam tathaa dancaster-kridaayaam tasya vijayasya karanat aadhunik-europiya-spardhayam ashwah sarvaadhika-shreneem praaptah dwiwarsheeyah abhavat. prushtabhoomau. celtic-swing ityasya adhikaamshaah vruttijeevanam peater-sevil ityanena adhikrutam aasit, yasya prajananm duchess-aaf-narphok-ityanena lavinia ityanena krutam, tasyaah putree leady-heri-ityanena cha susex ityasmin prashikshanm praaptam. saha amerikaadeshasy jatya demister ityanena sired-krutah, yah 1985 tame varshe epsom derby ityasmin british-maar-celtic-ring-madhye trutiyasthanam praapnot. tasya grandyam, penkuyik-ratnam, 1974 ess-kott-goldcup-vijetaayaah raag-stone ityasya, tathaa 1986 tame varshe sent-legger-vijetaayaah moon-madness ityasya, 1989 tame varshe rajyabhisheka-cup-vijetaayaah sheriff-starr ityasya, 1990 tame varshe goodwood-cup-vijetaayaah kaasal-moon ityasya cha ardhasahotree aasit. tasya naam, yadyapi tasya jalabandhat aamshikaroopena preritam aasit, tathaapi visheshatah vyaan-morrison-track-taha gruheetam. saptasu spardhaasu saha kevin darley ityanena sawaarih krutah. resing vruttihi. 1994: dwiwarsheeyah rutuhu. celtic-swing-spardhayam prathamavaaram 1994 julai 16 dinaanke aii. aar.-madhye sapta farlaang-kreedaasu chaturnam dirghatam dvivarsheeya-prathama-spardhayam vijayam praapnot. eshah eva ekamaatrah samayah bhavishyati yadaa saha priyah iti naa prarabdhavan. 1994 october 8 dinaanke ascott-nagare sapta farlaang-kreedaasu ashta-dirghatabhihi saha vijayam praapnot, tadanantaram atyantam safalam geetam parajayata. yadyapi etena mahatee uttejana utpannah, tathaapi 1994 october 22 dinaanke doncaster-nagare ekamail-mitam yaavat resing-post-trophy iti spardhaa, yasya prachaarah abhavat, saha dvaadasha-dirghatabhihi vijayee abhavat. saha shirsha-europiya-dvivarsheeya-coult iti cartier-resing-puraskaarasy krute nirwaachitah. 1995 tame varshe, celtic-swing-krute apekshaah uccharoopena aasan, saha sarwakaalikah mahaan ashveshu anyatamah bhavishyati iti vyaapak-daawaih, 2000 gini-derby-krute cha praayah apoorvatayaa alpa-pratikoolataabhih cha. api cha, nizinsky ityasya antimasya ashvasya 25 varshaanaam anantaram, saha sent-legger api sveekrutya coults-ityasya trigunam kireetam praptavan iti api davam krutam, yat visheshajnaprajananena praayah asambhavam abhavat iti vyaapakatayaa manyate sma. 1995: trivarsheeyah rutuhu. praayah anivaryataya saha kadaapi eteshaam mahatee-apekshaanaam prati naa saphalah abhavat, yasmin tasmin kaale anekaani harshodgaarayuktaani sampadakiyani aasan. sapta farlaang-kreedaasu punaraagamanam krutvaa, 1995 april 22 dinaanke grinham-stakes-nagarasya newbury-nagarasya mrudu-kshetre swasya rutumaana-padaarpanam krutavaan. yadyapi baharee-kridaayaam tasya vijayah adbhutah naseet, tathaapi saha apratirodhyah aasit, tathaa cha saha ante eka chaturthaamsha-dirghatayaha apekshayaa bahu adhikam jitavaan syaat yadi saha shithilah naa abhavat. 1995 mey 6 dinaanke 2000 ginee-kreedaayaah krute sarvam siddham aasit, praayah asahaniya-apekshaasu madhye dhaavanam (tasmin dine praatahkaale jaan macryric jim mekrath ityenam avadat, yah samayasuchyam drudatayaa samlagnah aasit, yasmin "nishchitah" iti spardhayaha ullekhah aasit, yadi ashwah nyunatinyoonam ashta-dirghataya naa jitavaan tarhi mekraat samaaptah abhavat). parantu celtic-swing-kavachasya prathamam vikshepanam akasmaat udbhootah, yadyapi saha ante punah yudhyat, tathaapi saha french-ashvasya pennekaamp-ityetam paraajayitum naa shaktavaan, yah antatah shiraha ityanena vijayee abhavat. maalikah peater sevil ityeshah derby-madhye naa dhaavitum nishchitavaan, epsom-nagarasya maidaanam ashvasya ishtaartham ateeva drudham aasit iti pratipadayitva, tasya sthaane 4 joon 1995 dinaanke chantili-nagarasya pricks du-jaakee-club ("da french-derby") ityatra gacchan. tatra saha avens-favorit-kreedaam aarabhat, jitavaan, parantu polyglot-ityasya upari ardha-dirghatayaha avishvasaneeyena eva. tasya antimaspardhaa 1995 julai 2 dinaanke karrag-nagare airish-derby-kridaayaam bhavishyati. atra saha 5-4 iti favorit-rupena aarabdhavaan, parantu trayodasha-dhaavakeshu atyantam nirashajanakam ashtamam sthaanam praptavan, kadaapi naa jitavaan iti prateeyate sma. tadanantaram adhama sthitihi aasit-saha spardhayam vranitah aasit, tasya rutoho sheshah kaaryakramah cha parityaktaa. 1996 tame varshe rutoho uttarardhe saha punah chaturwarsheeyah iti rupena dhaavitum uddeshitah aasit, parantu aghataha punah abhavat, praayah naa avadhaanam praapya, bahu-prachaaritah "vandar-haars" iti tasya antima-spardhayaha ekavarshaat api adhikam anantaram, 1996 julai 20 dinaanke nishshabdataya nivruttah abhavat. stud-abhilekhah. celtic-swing ityasya stud-abhilekhah bahudhaa ullekhaneeyah naseet, parantu saha dwau utkrushtau ashwau saar-krutavaan. australia-deshasya prajanan-adhigrahana-lakshyam (daam-shaidee stream) australia-deshasya, unated-kingdam-deshasya, japaan-deshasya, singaapur-deshasya cha shirsha-sprinting-spardhaasu, ektalis-spardhayaha aarambhe ekavimshati-vijayaat puraskaaradhanasy cha sahitam, eka-samooh-spardhaasu ashtaam vijayam praapnot. french-jaatyaah filly-six-perfections 2003 tame varshe prajananakartru-cup-mail sahitam shut spardhaasu vijayam praapnot. celtic-swing iti colatis-sankramanena 2010 september-maase italee-deshasya elevamento-dii-besnet-nagare mrutah.

seltic swing seltic swing (21 pipravari 1992-4 septumber 2010) oru british muzhumaiyaana inap panthayak kudhirai aagum. avar 1995 aam aandil pirenchu terby ventraar, maelum munththaiya aandu ilaiyuthirkaalaththil avarathu seyalthirankalukkaaga ariyappattaar, appoathu ascott mattrum dancasteril avarathu vetrtrikal naveena iroappiya panthayaththil kudhirai miga uyarnththa mathippidappatta irandu vayathudaiyathaaka irukka vazhivaguththathu. pinnani. seltic swing avarathu vaazhkkaiyin perumbaguthi piittar savil enbavaridam irunththathu, norbokkin touches laviniawal valarkkappattathu mattrum avarathu magal laedi herizol sussexil payirchi pettrathu. 1985 epsum terbyil british maer seltic valaiyaththilirunthu moontraavathu idaththaip pidiththa america inak kuthiraiyaana domisterol avar siyar seiyappattaar. avarathu paeran, penkuvik nagai, 1974 ascott thangak kooppai vetrtriyaalar roxtonuku oru arai chakoothari, mattrum koattai chandranukku-1986 aam aandu saint lecker vetrtriyaalar muun paiththiyam, 1989 mudisoottu kooppai vetrtriyaalar sherib natchatthiram mattrum 1990 good wood kooppai vetrtriyaalar koattai chandran. avarathu peyar, avarathu anaiyaal oralavu eerkkappattaalum, kurippaaga oru vaen morrison paathaiyilirunthu edukkappattathu. avarathu aezhu panthayangkalilum avar kevin darliol sawari seiyappattaar. pandhaya vaazhkkai. 1994: irandu aandugal palamaiyaana season. seltic swing muthal muraiyaaga juulai 16,1994 andru aee. aarr. ill panthayaththil eedupattathu, aezhu furlangsil naanku neelangalaal irandu vayathu muthal panthayaththai ventrathu. avar viruppamaanavaraagath thodangaamal oodiya oray murai idhuvaagum. october 8,1994 andru avar ascottle aezhu furlangsgalai ettu neelam moolam ventraar, pinnar migavum vetrtrikaramaana paadalkalai muriyadiththaar. idhu kanisamaana urchaakaththai uruvaakkiyirunthaalum, october 22,1994 andru dancasteril oru mylukku mael nadantha pandhaya poast kooppai thaan migaippaduththalukku vazhivaguththathu, adhai avar pannirandu neelangalaal ventraar. avar sirantha iroappiya irandu vayathu kuttiyaaga cardier pandhaya viruthukku thernthedukkappattaar. 1995 aam aandirkul, avar ellah kaalaththilum migapperiya kuthiraigalil oruvaraaga iruppaar endra paravalaana koottrugaludan seltic swinkirkaana ethirpaarppukal athigamaaga irunththana, maelum 2,000 kiniyaakkal mattrum terbicu munneppoathum illaatha vagaiyil kurugiya muranpaadugal irunththana. nijinsky athaich seitha kadaisi kuthiraiyaaga 25 aandugalukkup piragu, avar saint legaraiyum eduththu, kuttigalin moontru kireedaththai velvaar endru koottrukkal koorappattana, idhu nibunaththuva inapperukkaththin kaaranamaaga kittatthatta saaththiyamattrathaakivittathu endru paravalaaka nambappattathu. 1995: moontru aandugal palamaiyaana paruvam. aeraththaazha thavirkka mudiaamal, anthak kaalakattathil pala urchaakamaana thalaiyangangal udpada inththa magaththaana ethirpaarppukalukku avar orupoathum inangkavillai. aezhu farlangugalukkuth thirumbich sendra avar, aepral 22,1995 andru greenham pankukalil ulla newberryil menmaiyaana maithaanaththil paruvagaala arimugamaanaar. bahrikku ethiraana avarathu vettri kankavar alla entraalum, avar innum sawal seiyappadavillai, maelum avar thalarthappadaavittaal iruthiyil kaall neelaththai vida avar ventriruppaar. 6 mae 1995 andru 2,000 kiniyavukku anaiththum amaikkappattathu, kittatthatta thaanga mudiyaatha ethirpaarppukalukku matthiyil oru pandhaya oottam (andraiya kaalai varisaiyil, john macrick jiim mccrathidam koorinaar, avar naera vadivaththil valuvaaga eedupattirunthaar, idhu pandhayam oru "uruthi" endru kooriyadhu, kudhirai kurainthathu ettu neelaththaal vettri peravillai endraal mccrath mudinthathu). aanaal seltic swinkin kavasaththil muthal virisalgal thideerendru velipattanah avar iruthiyil meendum poaraadinaalum, pirenchu kudhirai pennegaambai avaraal vella mudiyavillai, avar iruthiyil oru thalaiyaal ventraar. urimaiyaalar piittar savil, kuthiraiyin viruppaththirku epsum maithaanaththil migavum uruthiyaanathaaka iruppathaagak koori, terbyil oada vaendaam endru mudivu seithaar, adharku pathilaaka juun 4,1995 andru santilliyil ulla brics duu jaakki kilapukku ("pirenchu terby") sellungal. ingkae avar eevansin viruppatthaith thodangkinaar, vettri pettraar, aanaal polyclotine meethu nambamudiyaatha arai neelaththaal mattumae. avarathu iruthi pandhayam juulai 2,1995 andru karrakil airish terbyil irukkum. ingkae avar 5-4 viruppamaanavaraagath thodangkinaar, aanaal pathinmoondru oottappanthayangkalil ettaavathu idaththil kadumaiyaaga aemaattramadainththaar, orupoathum vettri peravillai. idhaivida moasamaanathu ennaventraal, panthayaththin poathu avar kaayamadaindhaar, maelum antha paruvaththirkaana avarathu meethamulla attavanai kaividappattathu. 1996 season pirpaguthiyil naanku vayathaaka irunththapoathu avarai meendum oottuvatharku idhu thittamidappattathu, aanaal kaayam meendum aerpattathu, kittatthatta kavanikkappadaamal, migavum pirabalamaana "vondar haars" juulai 20,1996 andru amaithiyaaga oaivu pettrathu, avarathu kadaisi panthayaththirku oru varudaththirkum maelaaga. stud pathivu. seltic swinkin stud pathivu perumpaalum kurippidaththakkadhaaga illai, aanaal avar irandu sirantha kudhiraigalai iyakkinaar. australian inapperukka kaiyagappaduththum ilakku (anai-nizhal stream) australia, aikkiya raachchiyam, jappan mattrum singappooril sirantha sprinding panthayangkal udpada ettu kuzhu oru panthayangkalai ventrathu mattrum naarpaththiyoru panthayaththil irupaththiyoru vetrtrikalilirunthu parisuth thogaiyil vettri pettrathu. pirenchu inaththaich saerntha filly six perfections 2003 aam aandil inapperukkak kooppai mile udpada aaru panthayangkalil vettri pettrathu. seltic swing septumber 2010 ill itaaliyil ulla alavemento dii besnettle perungkudal alarchiyaal paathikkappatta pinnar iranthaar.

seltic swing seltic swing (21 fibravari 1992-4 september 2010) oka british sampoorna jaathi rays haars. athanu athanu french derbyni geluchukunnadu mariyu munupati samvatsaram saradrutuvulo thana pradarsanalaku kooda prasiddhi chendaadu, ascot mariyu dancasterlo athani vijayalu aadhunika european racinglo gurram atyadhika rating pondina rendella vayassu galadigaa undataaniki daariteesaayi. nepathyam. seltic swing thana kereerlo ekkuva bhaagam peater savil yajamanyamlo undhi, dheenini duchess off norphoke lavinia penchindi mariyu aame kumarte laedii herries dwara sussexlo sikshana pondindi. 1985 epsum derbylo british mair seltic ring nundi moodava sthaanamlo nilichina american-jaathi gurram domister atanini gayaparichadu. athani grand daam, penquic aabharanam, 1974 ascot goaled cup vijaeta ragstone, mariyu kazil moone-1986 va legger vijaeta moone madness, 1989 pattaabhisheka cup vijaeta sherief starr mariyu 1990 goodwood cup vijaeta kazil moone yokka aanakattaku savati sodari. athani anakatta nundi paakshikamgaa prerana pondinappatikee, athani paeru pratyaekamgaa vaan morrison track nundi teesukobadindi. thana mottam edu resulalo athanu kevin darley chetha nadapabaddadu. racing vrutti. 1994: rendella season. seltic swing modatisaarigaa 1994 juulai 16naa arlo pootii chesindi, edu furlanglapy naalugu podavulatho rendella toli resunu geluchukundi. athanu ishtamaina praarambhinchakundaa parugettina ekaika samayam idhe. 8 october 1994naa athanu ascot vadda enimidi podavula dwara edu furlanglanu geluchukunnadu, taruvaata atyanta vijayavantamaina sangspialnu oodinchaadu. idhi gananeeyamaina utsahanni srushtinchinappatikii, 1994 aktobaru 22naa dancasterlo oka mailu dhooram varaku jarigina racing post trophy eee hypeku daariteesindi, dheenini athanu pannendu podavulatho geluchukunnadu. athanu agra european rendella pillaga cartier racing avaarduku empikayyaadu. 1995 varaku, seltic swing kosam anchanaalu ekkuvagaa undevi, athanu anni kalalalo goppa gurraalalo okadani, mariyu 2,000 gineas mariyu derbeaki daadaapu apuurvamaina chinna asamaanatalu untaayani vistrutamaina vaadanalu unnaayi. nizinsky chivari gurram ayina 25 samvatsaraala taruvaata, athanu seyint legarnu kooda teesukoni, pillula triple kiriitaanni geluchukuntaadani kooda vaadanalu cheyabaddaayi, idhi nipunula santanotpatti kaaranamgaa daadaapu asadhyam anie vistrutamgaa nammutaaru. 1995: moodella season. daadaapu anivaryamgaa, ayana eee goppa anchanaalanu ennadoo neraverchaledu, indulo aaa kaalamlo aneka utsaahabharitamaina sampaadakeeyaalu unnaayi. edu furlanglaku tirigi adugupettina athanu 1995 april 22naa greenham staxloni newbareelooni mruduvaina maidaanamlo thana kaalaanuguna arangetram chesaadu. bahripai athani vijayam adbhutamainadi kaanappatikee, athanu inca savaalu cheyabaddaadu, mariyu athanu tagginchabadakapothe chivariki naaluginta oka vanthu podavu kante chaalaa ekkuva gelichevaadu. 1995 mae 6naa 2,000 giniyala kosam annee siddham cheyabaddaayi, daadaapu bharinchaleni anchanaala madhya oka resu runn (aaa roeju udayam linelo, zaan macriric zim mcgratho cheppadu, athanu resu anedi "khachitamgaa" anie cheppina samaya roopamtho balamgaa palgonnadu, gurram kaneesam enimidi podavula mcgrathnu gelavakapothe). conny seltic swing kavachamlo modati pagullu akasmaattugaa udbhavinchaayih athanu chivarlo tirigi poradinappatiki, athanu french gurrapu pennekaampnu odinchalekapoyadu, athanu chivariki thalatho gelichaadu. yajamani peater savil, epsum vadda unna maidaanam gurrapu ishtaniki chaalaa drudhamgaa undani paerkontuu, derbylo parugettakudadani nirnayinchukunnadu, badulugaa 4 juun 1995naa chaantilleelooni prix du jaakii club (french derby) kii vellandi. ikkada athanu evensku ishtamainadaanni praarambhinchi, gelichaadu, conny polyglot meeda nammasakyam kaani sagam podavu dwara matrame. athani chivari resu 1995 juulai 2naa karrag vadda airish derbylo jaraganundi. ikkada athanu 5-4 favouretga praarambhinchaadu, conny padamudu mandhi rannarlalo enimidava sthaanamlo niraasaparichaadu, eppuduu gelavaledu. marinta ghoramgaa jaragalsi undih athanu resu samayamlo gayapaddadu, mariyu season kosam athani migilina schedule vadiliveyabadindi. 1996 season chivari bhaagamlo naalugu samvatsaraala vayassulo atanni mallee nadapalani uddesinchabadindi, conny gaayam punaraavrutamaindi mariyu dadapuga gurtinchabadaledu, chaalaa pracharam cheyabadina "vandar haars" athani chivari resu tarvaata oka samvatsaram kante ekkuva kaalam juulai 20,1996naa nissabdamgaa padavee viramana chesindi. stud record. seltic swing yokka stud rikaardu chaalaa varaku gurtinchadaginadi kaadu, conny athanu rendu atyuttama gurralanu surr chesaadu. australia jaathi swaadheenam lakshyam (dyaam-shody stream) australia, united kingdom, japan mariyu singapurlalo agrashreni sprinting resulatho sahaa enimidi group vann resulanu geluchukundi mariyu nalabhai oka resu praarambhamlo iravai oka vijayala nundi bahumati dabbulo geluchukundi. french-jaathi filly six perfections perfections breeders cup mail thoo sahaa aaru resulanu geluchukunnayi. seltic swing peddapregu shotha baarina padina taruvaata september september italeelooni allevamento dii besnet vadda maraninchindi.

celtic swing celtic swing (21 faroori 1992-4 satambar 2010) eek bartanvi nasal kaa rees haars thaa. inhon nay 1995 mein francisi durby jeeta aur pachlay saal kay mosam khazaan mein apnee karkardgi kay liye bhee jaana jaataa thaa jabb scoat aur dankaster mein inn kii jeeth kay natijay mein ghoda jadeed europi resing mein sabb say ziyadah darjah bundi waala duu saalah ghoda bunn gayaa. piss manzar. celtic swing inn kay carrier kay beshtar hasay kay maalik petter seeval thay jinn kii prorish laviniah dichis aaf norphok nay kii thee aur inhein inn kii betty leady herries nay susex mein tarbiyat dee thee. asay demister nay sarr kiyaa juu eek americi nasal kaa ghoda thaa juu 1985 mein apsum durby mein bartanvi ghoday kii celtic rung say teesre number parr rehaa. iss kaa grend ddaim pancock jewal 1974 kay scoat gold cup faatah raag stoone aur kesal moone-1986 kay sent leager faatah moone paagal punn 1989 kay tajposhi cup faatah sheeraf staar aur 1990 kay gudd wode cup faatah kesal moone kii sauteli behan thee. iss kaa naam agarcha jazwi toor parr iss kay ddaim say mutasir thaa khaas toor parr ween morison track say liyaa gayaa thaa. apnee tamaam saaton reeson mein wah cune darli kay zariye sawaar thay. resing carrier. 1994: duu saal praana seezan. celtic swing nay pehli baar 16 jolayi 1994 kuu saal mein dodh lagayi jiss mein saat farlang parr chaar lambayi say duu saal praani pehli dodh jeeth lee. yaha waahid moqaa hoga jabb wah pasandidah kay toor parr sharoo kiye baghair dodta. 8 aktobar 1994 kuu inhon nay scoat mein saat farlang aath lambayi say jeetay jiss nay baad mein intehayi kamiyab sing speel kuu shakast dee. agarcha iss say kaafi josh paida hawaa leakin jiss dodh nay iss hype kaa baais bunny wah 22 aktobar 1994 kuu dankaster mein eek meel say ziyadah kii resing post trophy thee jasay inhon nay baarah lambayi say jeeta thaa. inhein cartier resing aiward kay liye europi duu saalah balaye kay toor parr muntakhib kiyaa gayaa. 1995 mein celtic swing kay liye tauqaat behat ziyadah thein jiss mein baday paimanay parr yaha daawi kiyaa gayaa thaa kahh wah abb takk kay sabb say baday ghodon mein say eek hogaa aur 2,000 ganee aur durby kay liye taqriba bay misaal toor parr mukhtasir mashkalaat hoan gee. yahaan takk kahh yaha daawi bhee kiyaa gayaa thaa kahh nijniski kay aisa karnay waalay aakhri ghoday honay kay 25 saal baad wah sent leager bhee lay gaa aur coults kaa triple taaj jeetay gaa jiss kay baaray mein baday paimanay parr khayaal kiyaa jaataa thaa kahh maahir afzaish kii wajah say taqriba namumkin how gayaa thaa. 1995: teen saal praana seezan. taqriba lamhalah wah kabhi bhee inn azeem tauqaat parr poraa nahein utray jinn mein iss waqat kay mutadid parjosh idaarti mazamin shaamil thay. saat farlangz kii taraf peeche hattay huay inhon nay 22 apreel 1995 kuu grain haim steaks mein neobari mein naram ground parr apnaa mosami aaghaz kiyaa. agarcha behri parr inn kii jeeth shandar nahein thee leakin wah abb bhee ghair challenge thay aur agar inhein aasani naha hoti tuu wah hatmi eek chothayi lambayi say kahein ziyadah jeeth jaatay. 6 mayee 1995 kuu 2,000 ganeez kay liye sabb kachh tay kiyaa gayaa thaa taqriba naqabil bardasht tauqaat kay darmiyan eek rees runn (iss dunn kii marning line parr jaan meek crack nay jumm meek giraath say kahaa juu tyme faarm mein mazbuti say shaamil thaa jiss mein kahaa gayaa thaa kahh rees eek "yaqeen" thee kahh agar ghoda kumm az kumm aath lambayi say nahein jeetata hay tuu meek giraath khatam how gayaa thaa). leakin celtic swing kay baktar mein pehli daraaden achanak saamney aayen: agarcha wah aakhir mein laray leakin wah francisi ghoday peeni camp kuu shakast nahein day sakay juu balaakhir sarr say jeeth gayaa. maalik petter seeval nay durby mein naha dodnay kaa faislah kiyaa yaha daawi kartay hoay kahh apsum kaa medaan ghoday kii pasand kay liye behat mazboot thaa aur iss kay bajaye 4 joone 1995 kuu chantli mein perks duu jaaki kalb ("francisi durby") mein jayein. yahaan inhon nay avens kay pasandidah kheel kaa aaghaz kiyaa aur jeetay leakin sarf pouli glot parr naqabil yaqeen nasf lambayi say. inn kii aakhri dodh 2 jolayi 1995 kuu kareeg mein aairish durby mein hogi. yahaan inhon nay 5-4 pasandidah kay toor parr sharoaat kii leakin teerah runners mein say sakht mayus kunn aathwein number parr rahay kabhi jeetnay kii tarah nahein lagay. iss kay baad badtar surathaal paida hoyee: wah dodh kay doraan zakhmi how gayaa thaa aur seezan kay liye iss kaa baaqi sheedol turk kirr diyaa gayaa thaa. 1996 kay seezan kay aakhri hasay mein asay chaar saal kii amar mein dobarah chalanay kaa aradah kiyaa gayaa thaa leakin choot dobarah hoyee aur taqriba kasee kaa dhiyaan nahein gayaa behat ziyadah mashhur "wonder haars" kuu 20 jolayi 1996 kuu khamushi say retire kirr diyaa gayaa iss kii aakhri dodh kay eek saal say ziyadah baad. stud record. celtic swing kaa stud record bury hadd takk naqabil zakar thaa leakin iss nay duu shandar ghodon kuu sarr kiyaa. austrailvi nasal kay qabze kaa hadaf (ddaim-sheedi stream) nay aath grop winn rees jeetein jinn mein australia bartaniah japaan aur sangapur mein topp sprinting rees shaamil haine aur 41 rees sharoo honay mein akees jeeton say anaami raqam mein. francisi nasal kay flayee siks perfections nay chh rees jeetay jinn mein 2003 mein breaders cup meel bhee shaamil thaa. celtic swing satambar 2010 mein atlee kay eleoamento ddee bassent mein colites kaa shikaar honay kay baad marr gayaa.

fffc619f3eca6dcdd6d63039f8c2cfa5e71a1e0f84ff683157a5d287e99b683b

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19352982

91.7 FM

91.7 FM FM radio frequency The following radio stations broadcast on FM frequency 91.7 MHz: Argentina. <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/> Canada (Channel 219). <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/> Mexico. <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/> The Netherlands. 90FM in Leersum United States (Channel 219). <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/> References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

91.7 fm nimnalikhit radio station aff. aim. aavritti 91.7 aim. aich. jee. parr prasaarit karate hainh neetherland. learsom mein 90fm

91.7 efm ee kelagina radeo kendragalu eff. emm. aavartana 91.7 emm. etch. zii. nalli prasara maduttaveh netherlands. leersamnalli 90 eff. emm.

91.7 efm thaazhepparayunna radio steshanukal efm freekwansiyil 91.7 emm. echu. ezz prakshepanam cheiyunnu netherlands. leersathil 90 efm

91.7 fm khaleel redio kendre eff. emm. frequency 91.7 emm. etch. zed. varr prasarit karatatah netherlands. lirsammadhye 90eff. emm.

91.7 aif. emm. nimnalikhita redio stationgudika fm frequency 91.7 megahartjare prasarana karantih netherland. larsamare 90aif. emm.

91.7 eff. aimm. heth likhe radio station eff. aimm. frequency 91.7 aimm. aich. aijj. 'teey prasarit karde hann needarlands. leersam witch 90 eff. aimm.

91.7 ef. emm. nimnalikhitaani radio-kendraani ef. emm. aavruttihi 91.7 emm. ech. ess. madhye prasaarayanti. netherlands-deshe. 90fm leersam madhye

fffc63d44cb8389fdf9f4304a7c147dc599c86068d049f7863ce7695edf3194c

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61558405

Lapidary Museum (Avignon)

Lapidary Museum (Avignon) The Lapidary Museum is a lapidarium-museum in Avignon, France. It has housed the classical Greek, Etruscan, Roman and Gallo-Roman sculptures and objects of the Calvet Museum since the 1980s. They are both run by the Fondation Calvet. As well as exhibiting the museum's core collections, it also mounts summer temporary exhibitions (e.g. "La diffusion des cultes égyptiens et alexandrins dans le monde romain à L'Égypte copte et l'Égypte musulmane" and "Le laraire d'Esprit Calvet"), conferences and networking events, particularly for scholars. The museum is based at 27 rue de la République in a 17th-century building, previously the chapel of the city's Jesuit College. It was begun in 1616, initially to plans by Étienne Martelange and then by François de Royers de la Valfenière from 1620 onwards. de la Valfenière raised the walls as far as the nave's main cornice. The building was made a monument historique on 21 June 1928. Collections. As well as Etruria, classical Greece and Rome and the Gallo-Roman era, the collections cover Gallic and Early Christian art. The highlight of the prehistoric collections is the 'Lauris-Puyvert Stela' in ologenic limestone. The Greek, Roman, Etruscan and Gallic objects include vases and lamps as well as bas-reliefs and statues, along with a number of Etruscan funerary monuments.

lapidary xongrohaloy (avignon) lapidary xongrohaloy hoise francer ebhigononot owosthito etaa lapidarium-xongrohaloy. iyat 1980 sonor poraa greek, etruscane, ruman aaru gelu-ruman bhaskorzo aaru calvate xongrohaloyor bostuxomuh rokha hoise. duyutai fondeson calvator dwara porisalito hoy. xongrohaloyor mool xongrohxomuh prodorxon korar logote iyat grishmokalin osthayi prodorxoniu onusthito koraa hoy (udahji. "laa defusion dey cultes egyptience ett alekjendrins dunce ley monde rumen e el 'agypte copte ett el' agypte musulmen" aaru "ley laarere di 'aspirit calvate"), xonmilon aaru networking event, bixexkoi ponditoxokolor baabe. xongrohaloitu 17 xotikar etaa ottalikat 27 ru dey laa republikot owosthito, purbote sohoror jesuit collegeor sepol aasil. iyak 1616 sonot aarombho koraa hoisil, prothomote etiyen martelange aaru taar pisot 1620 sonor poraa frankuas di royorso di laa valfenire porikolpona korisil. dey laa valfenire dewalbur nebhor mool kornijoloike uporoloi uthai disil. 1928 sonor 21 junot ei bhowontu oitihaxik smritixoudho hisape porigonito hoisil. xongroho. etruria, dhrupodi greech aaru room aaru gelu-ruman jugor logote ei xongrohxomuhe gaalik aaru prarombhik khristan kolak xamori loiche. praak-oitihaxik xongrohxomuhor bixexotwo hoise oh 'lo' jenik sunxilor 'laris-powert stella'. greek, ruman, etruscane aaru gallic bostuburor bhitorot fuldani aaru dirjar logote baach-releaf aaru murtir logote keibatau etruscane ontyestikriya smritixoudho aase.

lapidari jadughar (avignon) lapidary jadughar francer avignone abosthito ekti lapidarium-jadughar. 1980-err doshok theke ekhane dhrupadi greek, etruscan, roman ebong gallo-roman bhaskorjo ebong calvet jadughar bostu royeche. taaraa ubhayi phyandeshana calvet dwara porichalito hoy. jadughar mool sangrahaguli prodorshoner pashapashi, etty grissokalin asthayi prodorshonio sthapon korey (jemon.zii. "laa defusion days cultes egyptience ett alekjandrins dance leey monde roman ayee ell 'agypt copte ett ell' agypt musulman" ebong "leey laare dii 'esprit calvet"), biseshoto ponditder jonno sommelon ebong sangjogmulak anusthan. jadugharti 17 shotoker ekti buildinger 27 rue deey laa republic vittik, jaa agey shohorer jesuit colleger chappel chhilo. etty 1616 saale shuru hoyechilo, prathomikbhabe etien martelange ebong tarpor 1620 saal theke francoa dii royers dii laa vulfanier dwara parikalpana koraa hoyechilo. deey laa vulfanier dewalguli naver prodhan cornis porjonto unchu korey tulechilen. 1928 saaler 21shhey june vobontike oitihasik smritistambha koraa hoy. sangraha. etruria, dhrupadi griss oo roam ebong gallo-roman juger pashapashi, sangrahaguli gallic ebong prathomik khristan shilpoke antarbhukta korey. pragoitihasik sangraher biseshotto holl ologenic chunapatharer 'laurice-pivert stella'. greek, roman, attruscan ebong gallic bostur modhye royeche fuldani ebong prodiper pashapashi besh koyekti attruscan antyeshtikriya smritisoudho soho baas-trano ebong murti.

lapidary museum (avignon) lapidary museum aee francenaa avignonma aavelu lapidarium-museum chhe. temaa 1980naa daaykaathi shaastriy grick, attruscan, rooman aneey gelo-rooman shilpo aneey calvate sangrahaalayni vastuo rakhvama aavee chhe. teo banne fendation calvate dwara chalavvama aave chhe. sangrahalayna mukhya sangrahone pradarshit karvaanee saathe, teey unalana kaamchalaau pradarshno pann karey chhe (daa. taa.jee. "laa diffusion days cultis egyptian aneey alexandrins dance leey monde romen aee aela 'aegypte copt aeta aela' aegypte muselman" aneey "leey laare dii 'aspirit calvate"), parishado aneey networking events, khaas kareene vidhyano maate. aaa sangrahalay 17mee sadeeni imaaratmaa 27 ruae deey laa ripablika khaate aavelu chhe, jeey agau shahernee jesuit collegenu chappel hatoo. tenee sharuaat 1616maan thaee hatee, sharuaatmaa attien martelange dwara aneey pachhi 1620 pachhithi french dii royers dii laa walfaniere dwara yojnaao banavvama aavee hatee. deey laa walfaniere divaalone nabhina mukhya kaantha sudhee unchee curry hatee. aaa imaaratne 21 juuna 1928naa roj aitihasik smaarak banavvama aavee hatee. sangrah. etruria, shaastriy griis aneey rooma aneey gelo-rooman yug upraant, aaa sangrahomaa gallic aneey praarambhik khristi kalaane aavari levaamaa aavee chhe. pragaitihasik sangrahonu mukhya aakarshan ologenic chunaanaa pattharomaa 'lauris-poovert stella' chhe. grick, rooman, attruscan aneey gallic vastuoma sankhyaabandh attruscan anteem sanskaar smaarako saathe vaaz aneey deevaa temaj baas-raahat aneey murtiono samaavesh thaay chhe.

lapidary sangrahalaya (avignon) lapidary sangrahalaya france key avignon mein ack lapidarium-sangrahalaya haye. isamen 1980 key dashak seey shaastriya yunani, attruscan, roman aur gallo-roman moortiyaan aur calvate sangrahalaya kii vastuen rakhee gaee hain. way donon fundation culvet dwara chalaae jaate hain. sangrahalaya key mukhya sangrhon koo pradarshit karane key saath-saath, yeh grishmakaaleen asthaayi pradarshaniyon (jaise.jee. "laa diffusion days cultess egyptians aitt alekjendarins dance leey monde roman aeye ell 'agypt copt aitt ell' agypte muslimene" aur "leey laare dee 'aspirit calvate"), sammelan aur networking karyakram, vishesh roop seey vidvaanon key liye. sangrahalaya 17veen shatabdi kii imarat mein 27 rue day laa republic mein sthit haye, joe pahale shahar key jesuit college kaa chappel thaa. yeh 1616 mein shuru kiya gayaa thaa, shuru mein etiyane martelange aur phir 1620 key baad seey francois dee royers dee laa walfanier dwara yojanaaen banaai gaeen. day laa walfaniere ney divaaron koo naabhi key mukhya koney taka uthaaya. iss imarat koo 21 juuna 1928 koo ack aitihaasik smaarak banaaya gayaa thaa. sangrah. attruaria, shaastriya grees aur rome aur gallo-roman yug key saath-saath, sangrah mein gallic aur praarambhik isai kalaa shamil hain. pragaitihasik sangrhon kaa mukhya aakarshan ologenic choona patthar mein 'lauris-poovert stella' haye. yunani, roman, attruscan aur gallic vastuon mein phuldan aur deepak key saath-saath bases-releaf aur moortiyaan shamil hain, saath hii kaee attrusken antyeshti smaarak bhee shamil hain.

lapidary vastusangrahalaya (avignon) lapidary vastusangrahaalayavu fransna avignaannalliruva lapidarium-vastusangrahaalayavaagide. idu 1980rahra dasakadinda shaastriya greek, etruscan, roman mattu gallo-roman shilpagalu mattu calvet vastusangrahaalayada vastugalannu hondide. iveradannoo fandation calvet nadesuttade. vastusangrahaalayada pramukha sangrahagalannu pradarsisuvudara jotege, idu besigeya taatkaalika pradarshanagalannu saha ayojisuttade (udaa.zii. "laa defusion dess cultess egyptians ett alexandrines dance leey monde romaine aa ell 'eejipte kapte ett ell' eejipte musalmane" mattu "leey laurey dii 'esprit calvet"), sammelanagalu mattu networking eeventgalu, visheshavaagi vidvaamsarige. ee vastusangrahaalayavu 17neey shatamaanada kattadadalliruva 27neey reu deey laa repabliknallide, idu hinde nagarada jesuit collegina chappel aagittu. idannu idannu praarambhisalaayitu, aarambhadalli etiyenne martelange mattu nantara nantara francois dii royers dii laa walfanier avaru yojanegalannu roopisidaru. deey laa walfanier godegalannu guheya mukhya kaarnisnavarege airisidaru. ee kattadavannu 1928rahra zoon zoon aitihaasika smarakavannagi maadalaayitu. sangrahanegalu. etruria, shaastriya grease mattu roam mattu gallo-roman yugada jotege, ee sangrahagalu gallic mattu arambhika christian kaleyannu olagondive. praagaitihaasika sangrahagala pramukha amshavendare ologenic sunnada kallugalalliruva 'lauris-pivert stela'. greek, roman, etruscan mattu gallic vastugalalli hoodaanigalu mattu deepagalu, jotege bays-releafgalu mattu pratimegalu, jotege halavaaru etruscan antyakriye smarakagalu serive.

lapidary museum (avignon) fraansile avignonilulla oru lapidarium-myusiyamaanu lapidary museum. museum muthal kaalvett myoosiyathile classical greak, etruscan, roman, gallo-roman silpangalum vasthukkalum ivide sookshichirikkunnu. avaa randum nadathunnathu fontation kaalvettaanu. myoosiyathinte pradhana shekharangal pradarshippikkunnathinno, venalkkaala thaalkkaalika pradarshanangalum (udha.jii. "laa defusion dess cultus egyptians ettu alexandrins dance leeii monde romaine eiii ell eejipt koptt ell eejipt myusulmaane", "leeii laare dii espritt kaalvett"), konfaransukalum networking evantukalum, prathyekichu pandithanmarkkaayi. munbu nagaratthile jesuit kolejinte chaappalaayirunna pathinezhaam noottaandile oru kettidatthile 27 ryoo dii laa republicilaanu museum sthithi cheiyunnathu. thudakkathil ettiyen martlanch pinneedu 1620 muthal francois dii royezhs dii laa walfanier aasoothranam cheythaanu ithu aarambhichath. deey laa valfanier mathilukal naavinte pradhana cornis vare uyarthi. 1928 juun juun eee kettidam charitra smarakamaakki. shekharangal. etruria, classical grease, roome, gallo-roman yugam ennivaykkoppam, gallic aadyakaala kristhyan kalayum eee shekharangalil ulppedunnu. charithraatheethakaalatthe shekharangalude hailait ologenic chunnaambukallile 'loris-poovert stela' aanu. greak, roman, etruscan, gallic vasthukkalil paathrangalum vilakkukalum baas-refifukalum prathimakalum koodaathe niravadhi etruscan shavasamskara smaarakangalum ulppedunnu.

lapidary sangrahalay (evinon) lapidary sangrahalay heey francechya evinon yetheel lapidarium-sangrahalay aahe. 1980 chya dashakapasun yethe shastriy greek, etruscan, roman aanee gallo-roman shilpe aanee calvet sangrahalayachya vastoo thevanyat aalya aahet. teey doghehi fandation calvetdware chalavale jaatat. sangrahalayachya mukhya sangrahanche pradarshan karnyabarobarach, tyat unhalyatil tatpurati pradarshane dekhil bharavali jaatat (udaa.jee. "laa diffusion days cultess egyptians ett alekzandrin dance leey monde roman aii ell 'aegypt copt ett ell' aegypt muselmene" aanee "leey larey dii 'esprit calvet"), parishada aanee networking karyakram, visheshtah vidvanansathi. heey sangrahalay 17 vya shatkatil imaratitil 27 ruu deey laa republic yethe sthit aahe, jeey purvi shaharachya jesuit mahavidhyalayache prathanasthal hote. suruvatila etian martelange aanee nantar 1620 pasoon francois dii roars dii laa valfanier yanni yojana aakhanyasathi 1616 madhye yachee suruvat kelee. deey laa walfanierne bhinti nabhichya mukhya kanakopyaparyant unchavalya. 21 juuna 1928 roji yaa imaratila aitihasik smarak karnyat aale. sangrah. tasech etruria, shastriy greece aanee rome aanee gallo-roman yug, yaa sangrahanmadhye gallic aanee suruvatichya khrishchan kalecha samavesh aahe. pragaitihasik sangrahanche thalak aakarshan mhanje ologenic chunkhaditil 'lauris-poovert stella'. greek, roman, etruscan aanee gallic vastunmadhye fuldane aanee dive tasech bases-releaf aanee putale, tasech anek etruscan antyasanskruti smarakancha samavesh aahe.

lapidary sangrahalaya (ebhignan) lapidary sangrahalaya franceko ebhignanma raheko euta lapidarium-sangrahalaya how. yasale sann 1980 ko dashakdekhi nai shastriya grick, attruscan, roman rar gyalo-roman murtiharu rar calvate sangrahalayaka wastuharu rakheko chha. tiniharu duwai fundation calvetdwara sanchalit chhan. sathai sangrahalayako mukhya sangrahaharu pradarshan gardai, yasale grishmakalin asthayi pradarshaniharu (jastai.zee. "lah diffusion days cultess egyptians att alekjandrins dance ley monde roman ae ell 'agypte kopte att ell' agypte musulmane" rar "ley lare dee 'aspirit calvate"), sammelan rar networking karyakramharu, vishesh gari vidwanharuka lagi. sangrahalaya 17 aun shatabdiko bhawanma 27 ru day lah republickma adharit chha, pahile saharko jesuit collegeko chapel thiyo. yo sann 1616 maa suru bhaeko thiyo, suruma attin martelange rar tyasapachhi sann 1620 dekhi francelli day royers day lah walfanierdwara yojanaharu banaiyo. day lah walfanierle nebhko mukhya karnisasamma parkhalharu uthae. 21 june 1928 maa bhawanlai aitihasik smarak banaieko thiyo. sangraha. sathai atruria, shastriya griss rar rome rar gyalo-roman yug, sangrahaharule gallic rar prarambhik isai kalalai sametchhan. pragaitihasik sangrahaharuko mukhya akarshan ologenic chunkhadima raheko 'lauris-poovert stella' how. grick, roman, attruscan rar gallic wastuharuma fuldan rar battiharu sathai bases-rilifharu rar murtiharu, sathai dherai attruscan antyeshti smarakharu samawesh chhan.

lapidary sangrahalaja (abhiganan) lapidary sangrahalaja heuchhi francer aabhigananre abasthita eka lapidariah-sangrahalaja. ehaa 1980 dashakaru shastriya greek, etruscan, roman ebong gallo-roman murti ebong calvet sangrahalajara bastugudiku rakhichhi . ubhaja fundation calvet dwara parichalita . sangrahalajara mukhya sangrahagudiku pradarshita kariba sahita, ehaa grishmakalina asthajee pradarshani (jathahji. "laa defusion des coltess egyptians ett alekjandrins dance leey monde romande aii ell 'agypte kopte ett ell' agypte musalmane" ebong "leey laare dii 'aspirit calvet"), sammilani ebong netawarking event, bisesh curry bidwanamananka paain . sangrahalajati 17shaa shatabdir eka attalikara 27 ru dee laa ripablikthare abasthita, jaahaa purbaru saharar jesuit colleger chappel thila. ehaa 1616 masihare arambha hoithila, prathame etien martelange ebong taa 'parey 1620 masiharu francois dii royers dii laa valapheniernka dwara yojana karajaithila. dee laa valapheniera pracheeragudiku nabhar mukhya cornis parjyanta uthai deithile. 1928 masiha june 21 tarikhare ehi attalikatiku eka aitihasika smaraki bhabe namit karajaithila. sangraha. etruria, shastriya greece ebong rome ebong gallo-roman juga sahita, ehi sangrahara antarbhukta heuchhi gallic ebong prarambhika khristian kalaa. pragaitihasika sangrahara mukhya akarshana heuchhi ologenic choonapatharare 'lauris-pyubhart stella' . greek, roman, etruscan ebong gallic basture phuldani ebong deep sahita baasa-releaf ebong murti sahita aneka etruscan antim sanskara smaraki antarbhukta .

lapidary ajaib gharr (avinan) lapidary ajaib gharr france dey avinan witch ikk lapidarium-ajaib gharr haii. iss witch 1980 dey dahake toon classical yunani, attruscan, roman atey gallo-roman murtiaan atey calvate ajaib gharr deeaan vastuaan rakkhiaan gaeeaan hunn. uh doven fondation calvate duaara chalaae jaande hunn. ajaib gharr dey mukkh sangrah noon pradarshit curran dey naal-naal, ih garmiaan deeaan asthai pradarshaniaan (jiven kii.jee. "misser atey alekzandrin daa prasaar roman atey sansar dey lokan laee sammelan atey networking program, vishesh taur 'teey vidvanan laee. ajaib gharr gharr sadee dee imaarat witch 27 rue dee laa republic witch sathit haii, joe pahilan shehar dey jesuit kaalaj daa chappel see. ih 1616 witch shuru keeta giaa see, shuru witch atine martelange duaara atey firr 1620 toon baad francois dee roers dee laa walfanier duaara yojnavan banaiaan gaeeaan sunn. dee laa walfanier neey kandhan noon nevi dey mukkh carnis takk uccha keeta. iss imaarat noon 21 juun 1928 noon itihasak smark banaiaa giaa see. sangrah. iss dey naal-naal atriria, classical yunan atey rome atey gallo-roman yugg dey sangrah witch gallic atey shuruati isai qalaa shamal haii. purav-itihasak sangrah dee mukkh visheshta ologenic choone dey patthar witch 'lauris-poovert stella' haii. yunani, roman, atterscan atey gallic vastuaan witch fullan dey fullan atey deeve dey naal-naal bases-raahat atey murtiaan dey naal-naal kaee atterscan antim smark shamal hunn.

lapidary sangrahaalayah (evinan) lapidary-sangrahaalayah france-deshasya evinaan-nagare sthitah lapidarium-sangrahaalayah asti. 1980 tamaat dashakaat asya kaale shaastreey-greek, etruscan, roman, gailo-roman-shilpaani, calvet-sangrahaalayasy vastooni cha santi. tau dwau api fendation-calvet ityanena sanchaalitaah santi. sangrahaalayasy mukhyasangrahanam pradarshanm kurvan, greeshmakaaleen-asthayee-pradarshanani api sthaapayati (udaa.jii. "laa diffusion des cults egyptians ett alexandrins dance leey monde romain e ell 'aegypte kopte ett law' aegypte musalmen" tathaa "leey laare dee 'aspirit calvet"), sammelanaani tathaa jaala-kaaryakramaah, visheshatah vidvaanaam krute. sangrahaalayah 17 shataabdyaah bhavane 27 ru dey laa republic ityatra asti, yat poorvam nagarasya jesuit mahaavidyaalayasya prarthana-mandiram aasit. praarambhe etiyen maartelaanj ityanena, tatah francois dee royers dee laa walfanier ityanena cha 1620 tamaat varshaat aarabhy, 1616 tame varshe asya aarambhah abhavat. dey laa walfanier ityanena bhittayah nev ityasya mukhya-carnis yaavat unnataah. 1928 joon 21 dinaanke etat bhavanam aitihaasikam smarakam krutam. sangrahah. eturia, shaastreey-grees-rome-tathaa gailo-roman-yugah cha, sangraheshu gallic-christian-kalaa cha antarbhavati. pragaitihasikasangrahanam mukhyaamshah ologenic-chunashilayam 'lauris-poovert stella' iti asti. greek-roman-itruscan-gallic-vastushu pushpastambhaah deepaani cha santi, tathaiva baas-releafs, pratimaah cha santi, tathaiva aneke itruscan-antyeshtikriyaa-smaarakaah santi.

lapidary arungaatchiyagam (avignon) labidari arungaatchiyagam enbathu brancin avignaanil ulla oru lapitarium-arungaatchiyagam aagum. 1980 kazhil irunthu idhu kiraekka, edruscan, roaman mattrum callo-roaman sirpangal mattrum calvet arungaatchiyagaththin porutkalai vaiththullathu. avai irandum fondation calvetol nadaththappadugindrana. arungaatchiyagaththin mukiya sekarippukalaik kaatchippaduththuvathoadu, idhu koadaikkaala thartkaalika kankaatchigalaiyum (eeyee.jii. "laa diffusion tess cultess egipthiyarkal mattrum alexandrins dance leeii monde roaman eeyee ell egypte copte edd ell egypte muselman" mattrum "leeii laurey dii espirit calvet"), maanaadugal mattrum networking nigazhvugal, kurippaaga arinyarkalukkaanavai. inththa arungaatchiyagam 17 aam noottraandin kattidaththil 27 ruu dii laa republic endra idaththil amainthullathu, munbu idhu nagarin jesuit kallooriyin devalayam. idhu 1616 aam aandil thodangappattathu, aarambaththil ettiyen martlankin thittangalukkum pinnar 1620 muthal branswa dii royers dii laa vaalpeniyarin thittangalukkum. dii laa walfanier suvarkalai naakkin mukiya cornis varai uyarthinaar. inthak kattidam 1928 juun 21 andru varalaattruch sirappumikka ninaivuchchinnamaaga maattrappattathu. sekarippukal. etruria, kiraekka mattrum roam mattrum callo-romanian sagaaptham, sekarippukal kaalik mattrum aarambagaala christhava kalaiyai ulladakkiyathu. varalaattrukku munththaiya sekarippukalin sirappamsamaaga ologenic sunnambukkal 'lauris-bwared stella' ullathu. kiraekka, romanian, edruscan mattrum kaalik porutkalil kuvalaigal mattrum vilakkugal, baas-nivaaranangkal mattrum silaigal, pala edruscan iruthich sadangugal adangkum.

lapidary museum (avignon) lapidary museum anedi fraanslooni avignanlo unna lapidarium-museum. idhi 1980la nundi calvet museum yokka shaastreeya greeku, etruscon, roman mariyu gaalo-roman silpaalu mariyu vastuvulanu kaligi undhi. vaariddarinii pandation culvet naduputundi. museum yokka pradhana sekaranalanu pradarsinchadamtho paatu, idhi vesavi taatkaalika pradarsanalanu kooda nirvahistundi (udhaa.zii. "laa diffusion dess cultess egyptians ett alegzandrines dance lae monde roman eah ell eejipte capte ett ell eejipte musalman" mariyu "lae laurair dii esprit calvet"), samavesalu mariyu networking eeventlu, mukhyamgaa panditula kosam. eee museum 17va sataabdapu bhavanamlo 27 ruu dii laa republic vadda undhi, idhi gatamlo nagaramloni jesuit kalaasaala chappel. idhi 1616loe praarambhinchabadindi, modata etiyanne martelange mariyu taruvaata 1620 nundi francois dii royers dii laa walfanier pranaalikalu roopondinchaaru. deey laa walfanier godalanu naabhilooni pradhana cornis varaku paiki lepadu. eee bhavananni 1928 juun 21naa chaaritraka smaaraka chihnamgaa marcharu. sekaranalu. etruria, shaastreeya grease mariyu rome mariyu gaalo-roman shakam, eee sekaranalu gallick mariyu prarambha kraistava kalalanu kaligi unnaayi. charitrapurva sekaranala mukhyaamsam ologenic sunnapurayi looni 'lauris-pivert stela'. greeku, roman, etruscon mariyu gallick vastuvulalo kundeelapai mariyu deepaalato paatu bays-releaflu mariyu vigrahalu, aneka etruscon antyakriyala smaaraka chihnalu unnaayi.

lapdry museum (ayognon) lapdery museum france kay shehar ayognon mein waaqa eek lapderium museum hay. iss mein 1980 kii dahayi say classici yunani atroscan roman aur gailo roman mujasme aur calvate museum kii ashyaa rakhee gayee haine. wah donon fendation calvate kay zariye chalaye jaatay haine. museum kay bunyadi majmuon kii numaish kay saath saath yaha mosam garma kii aarizi numaishein bhee munaqid kartaa hay (misaal kay toor parr.jee. "laa diffusion ddais cults ageptains aett alegzendrance dances lee monday romaan ayee eel agepty kopat aett eel agepty muselman" aur "lee laari ddee espert calvet")yee conference aur neet working avents khaas toor parr scholars kay liye. museum 17 wein sadee kii emarat mein 27 riyo ddee laa republik parr mubni hay juu pehley shehar kay jaisot college kaa cheepal thaa. yaha 1616 mein sharoo hawaa ibtadayi toor parr attiny martlange aur phir 1620 kay baad say francois ddee revires ddee laa walfanier kay mansubon kay liye. ddee laa walfanier nay dewaron kuu naaf kay markazi konay takk buland kiyaa. iss emarat kuu 21 joone 1928 kuu eek tarikhi yaadgaar banaya gayaa thaa. majmuah. attoria classici yunaan aur room aur gailo roman door kay saath saath majmuay glake aur ibtadayi eisayi funn kaa ahatah kartay haine. qabal az tareekh majmuon kii khaas baath ologenic chonaa pathar mein 'larees-peovert steela' hay. yunani roman atroscan aur gallic ashyaa mein guldaan aur lamp kay saath saath bees releaf aur mujasme shaamil haine saath hyee mutadid atroscan janazay kii yaadgaarein bhee shaamil haine.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46514375

Blessed & Possessed

Blessed & Possessed Blessed & Possessed is the sixth studio album by German power metal band Powerwolf, released on 17 July 2015 by Napalm Records. The band wrote it during 2014 and began recording it in January 2015 at the Studio Fredman in Gothenburg, Sweden, and was produced by Fredrik Nordström. It was mastered in the Fascination Street Studios by Jens Bogren. Boxset and Earbook Edition of the album features a bonus CD "Metallum Nostrum", which contains 10 songs of different artists that Powerwolf's band members selected to cover. It was re-released separately on 11 January 2019. Background. Powerwolf began writing their sixth album in June 2014. They finished in the December of the same year. They announced their new album on their Facebook page on 5 December 2014. They began recording the album in January 2015 at the Studio Fredman in Gothenburg, and the process lasted until March of the same year. They unveiled album's title and the cover art on 18 March 2015. The guitarist Matthew Greywolf stated about the group's new material: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />Without revealing too much, you can expect an album that's 100% uncompromising Powerwolf stuff. There's songs to go wild to, there's epic and atmospheric stuff, and a lot of wolfish metal madness in between, and quite a bunch of songs that will be must-plays on any future Powerwolf show, for damn sure. Before the album was released, the group released two singles, "Army of the Night" and "Armata Strigoi". Both of them were first released only in digital form. Critical reception. The album was rated positively by the critics. Metal.de wrote: ""Blessed & Possessed" is already the metal party disc of the year! With powerful riffing, big hooks and the darling dose of kitsch Powerwolf once again created an album in which every song is really a hit!". Metal Hammer saw the song "Higher Than Heaven" as the "highlight of the album". Track listing. Boxset & Earbook edition contain a bonus CD, "Metallum Nostrum", which was not released separately until 11 January 2019. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

axirbad aaru odhikari blaised endo hostend hoise german pawar metal bendo pawarulfor xostho studio 'elbam, jitu 2015 sonor 17 julyte nepalmo recordsor dwara mukoli koraa hoisil. bende iyak 2014 sonot likhisil aaru 2015 sonor januaryt suidenor gothenbergor studio 'fredmane iyak record koriboloi aarombho korisil aaru fredrik nordstrome projujona korisil. iyak gence bugorene aakorxoniyo poth studio 'too ayotto korisil. elbamtur boxset aaru iyarbuk xongoskoronot etaa bunas chi. di. "metalam noo 'strum" aase, zo' too bibhinno xilpir 10taa geet aase jaak pawarwolfor bendor xodosyoxokole xamori lo 'boloi basoni korisil. 2019 sonor 11 januaryt iyak prithoke prithoke punor mukti diya hoisil. potobhumi. pawarulfe 2014 sonor june maahot teulukor xostho elbam likhiboloi aarombho korisil. xei bosoror disembor maahot teuluke xompurno korisil. teuluke 2014 sonor 5 disemborot teulukor fesbuk pristhat teulukor notun elbam ghuxona korisil. teuluke 2015 sonor januaryt gothenbergor studio 'fredmane elbamtu record koriboloi aarombho korisil aaru ei prokriyatu xei bosoror marcholoike solisil. teuluke 2015 sonor 18 marchot elbamor xirunam aaru proschod kolaa unmuson korisil. guiteraster methiu grewolfe doltur notun xamogrir bixoye koichiloh elbamtu mukoli huwar aagote doltuwe "aarmi owo dyo night" aaru "armata strigui" naamor dutaa ekok geet mukoli korisil. duyutai prothome kewol digital rupot mukti diya hoisil. xomaluchonamulok aadoroni. elbamtu xomalusokxokole itibasokbhabe mulyayon korisil. dhaatu.di-ye likhisiloh "dhonyo aaru odhikari" itimodhye bosoror metal party disk! xoktixali refing, big hook aaru kitch pawar wolfor priyo paalir xoite aakou ebaar etaa elbam sristi koraa hoisil zo 'too protitu gaan xosakoiye hitt hoisil!". metal hemare "sworgotkoi uscho" gittuk "elbamtur bixexotwo" hisape dekhisil. trekk talika. boxset aaru iyarbuk xongoskoronot etaa bunas chidi, "metalam noo 'strum" aase, jitu 2019 sonor 11 januaryloike prithoke prithoke mukoli koraa huwa nasil. kormosari. pawar wolf otirikto xongitogyoxokol karikori kormosari onyanyo kormosari

ashirbadprapto oo adhikrito blacid anned hopused german pawar metal banned pawarulfer shostho studio album, jaa 2015 saaler 17ee julai napalom records dwara mukti paay. bandti 2014 saale etty likhechilo ebong 2015 saaler januaryte suidener gothenberger studio fredmane etty recording shuru korey ebong fredrick nordstrom dwara projojito hoyechilo. etty gens bogren dwara akarshaniya rastar studiote ayatta koraa hoyechilo. albumer boxset ebong earbook sangaskarane ekti bonus seedy "metalum nostrum" royeche, jekhane bivinno shilpir 10tii gaan royeche jaa pawarulfer banned sadasyara cover korar jonno beche niyeche. etty 11 januari 2019-ayee prithokbhabe punra mukti paay. patabhumi. pawarulf 2014 saaler june maase taader shostho album lekha shuru korey. taaraa ekoi bochorer decembere shesh korey. 2014 saaler 5ee december taaraa taader facebook peje taader notun album ghoshana korey. taaraa 2015 saaler januaryte gothenberger studio fredmane albumty recording shuru korey ebong prokriyati ekoi bochorer march porjonto sthayi hoy. taaraa 18 march 2015-ayee albumer shironam ebong prochchod shilp unmochan korey. guiterbadok matheau greulf doler notun upadan somporke bolechenoh albumty prokasher agey, dolti duti ekok gaan, "armi off dya night" ebong "armata strigoi" prakash korey. dutiyi prothom shudhumatra digital akare mukti paay. samalochanamulak abhyarthana. albumty somalochokder dwara itibachak retting peyeche. dhatu.dii likhechenoh "ashirbadprapto ebong adhikrito" itimodhyei bochorer sera dhatob party disk! shaktishali reifing, borh hook ebong kitsh pawarulfer priya doze diye arow ekbar ekti album toiri koraa hoyeche jaate protiti gaan sottii hitt!". dhatob hatudi gantike "swarger cheye unchu" hisabe "albumer highlite" hisabe dekhechilo. track talika. boxset ebong earbook sangaskarane ekti bonus seedy royeche, "metalum nostrum", jaa 11 januari 2019 porjonto aladabhabe mukti payni. karmi. pawarulf atirikto sangitshilpira projuktigoto karmi anyanno karmi

aashirvadit aneey sampann blacid anned oppessed aee german power metal benned powerwolfnu chhaththu studiyo album chhe, jeey 17 julai 2015naa roj naplum records dwara rajoo karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. bende tene 2014 darmiyan lakhyu hatoo aneey january 2015maan gothenberg, sweedenma studiyo fredman khaate tenu reqordina sharoo karyoo hatoo aneey tenu nirmaan fredarika nordstrom dwara karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. gens bograin dwara tene aakarshak sheree studiyomaa nipunta malee hatee. aalbamni boxset aneey earbook aavruttima bonus seedee "metalam nostrum" chhe, jemaa viveedh kalakarona 10 geeto chhe, jene powerwolfna bendnaa sabhyoae aavari levaa maate pasand karyaa chhe. teey 11 january 2019naa roj alagthi fareethi rajoo karvaamaa aavee hatee. prushthbhumi. powerwolfe juuna 2014maan temnu chhaththu album lakhvaanu sharoo karyoo. teo teey jaj varshnaa decemberma samaapt thayaa. teoae 5 december 2014naa roj temnaa facebook pej parr temnaa navaa aalbamni jaaherat curry hatee. teoae january 2015maan gothenbergna studiyo fredmanmaa album reqorda karvaanu sharoo karyoo hatoo aneey aaa prakriyaa teey jaj varshnee march sudhee chaali hatee. teoae 18 march 2015naa roj aalbamnu sheershak aneey cover aartnu anaavaran karyoo. gitaarvaadak methyu grevolphe juthnee navee samagri vishe janaavyu album rajoo thayu teey pahelaa, juthe beey singles, "armie off dhaa night" aneey "armata strigoi" rajoo karyaa hataa. teey banne pratham maatra digital swarupma rajoo karvaamaa aavee hatee. vivechanaatmak swaagat. aaa aalbamne vivechako dwara hakaaraatmak mulyankan aapvama aavyu hatoo. dhaatu.diae lakhyu "blacid anned opessed" pahelethee jaj metal party disk off dhaa year chhe! shaktishaali reifing, motaa hook aneey kitts powerwolfnee preey maatraa saathe pharii aekvaar aek album banaavyu jemaa darek geet kharekhar hita chhe!". metal hemrey geetane "swarg karataa unchu" "aalbamnu mukhya aakarshan" tareeke joyu. track soochi. boxset aneey earbook aavruttima bonus seedee, "metalam nostrum" chhe, jeey 11 january 2019 sudhee alagthi rajoo karvaamaa aavee naa hatee. karmchaareeo. powerwolf vadharana sangeetkaaro technical karmchaareeo anya karmchaareeo

dhanya aur abhibhoot blaced aind host german power metal baind powerwolf kaa chhathaa studio album haye, jise 17 julaai 2015 koo napalum record dwara jaari kiya gayaa thaa. baind ney ise 2014 key dauran likhaa aur janwari 2015 mein sweeden key gothenberg mein studio fredman mein ise record karna shuru kiya aur iska nirmaan fredrick nordstrome dwara kiya gayaa thaa. ise gens bogren dwara aakarshak sadak studio mein mahaarat hassil thee. album key boxset aur earbook sanskaran mein ack bonus cd "metalam nostrum" haye, jisamen vibhinn kalakaron key 10 gaane hain jinhen cover karane key liye powerwolf key baind key sadasyon koo chunaa gayaa haye. ise 11 janwari 2019 koo alag seey phir seey jaari kiya gayaa thaa. prishthabhoomi. powerwolf ney juuna 2014 mein apana chhathaa album likhana shuru kiya. way usee varsh disambar mein samaapt hue. unhone 5 disambar 2014 koo apane facebook pays parr apane nae album kii ghoshana kii. unhone janwari 2015 mein gothenberg mein studio fredman mein album kii recording shuru kii, aur yeh prakriya usee varsh march taka chully. unhone 18 march 2015 koo album key sheershak aur cover art kaa anaavaran kiya. gitarvadak mattheau gravolf ney samooh kii naee samagri key baare mein kahaah album key jaari honey seey pahale, samooh ney dou ekal, "armi off dha night" aur "armata strigoi" jaari kiye. donon koo pahali baar kewal digital roop mein jaari kiya gayaa thaa. aalochanatmak swaagat. album koo alochakon dwara sakaratmak mulyankan diyaa gayaa thaa. dhaatu.dee ney likhaah "dhanya aur adhikrit" pahale seey hii varsh kii dhaatu party disk haye! shaktishali riffing, badey hook aur kitts powerwolf kii pyaari khuraak key saath ack baar phir ack album banaaya jisamen harr geet vaastav mein ack hitt haye!". dhaatu key hathaude ney geet koo "swarg seey oonchaa" "album key mukhya aakarshan" key roop mein dekhaa. track soochi. boxset aur earbook sanskaran mein ack bonus cd, "metalam nostrum" haye, jise 11 janwari 2019 taka alag seey jaari naheen kiya gayaa thaa. karmi. powerwolf atirikt sangeetkaar takniki karmi anya karmi

aashirvadisida mattu swadhinapadisikondidda blessed & hosted german power metal byaand power wolfn aarane studio album aagiddu, idannu 17 julai 2015 randu napalm records bidugade maaditu. byaand idannu 2014 ralli baredide mattu 2015 rahra janavariyalli sweeden gothenbergnalliruva studio fredmannelli recording maadalu praarambhisitu mattu idannu fredrick nordstrom nirmisidaru. idu gens bogren avarinda akarshaniya streat studiogalalli parinitavaayitu. albumna boxes sett mattu earbook aavruttiyu bonus cd "metalum nastrum" annu hondide, idu power wolfn byaand sadasyaru cover maadalu ayke maadida vividha kalaavidara 10 haadugalannu olagondide. idannu 2019rahra janavari 11randu pratyekavagi bidugade maadalaayitu. hinnele. power wolf tamma aarane album annu zoon 2014 ralli bareyalu praarambhisidaru. avaru adhe varshada decembernalli mugisidaru. avaru tamma hosa album annu tamma facebook putadalli 5 december 2014 randu ghoshisidaru. avaru 2015rahra janavariyalli gothenbergnalliruva studio fredmannelli album annu record maadalu praarambhisidaru mattu ee prakriyeyu adhe varshada march varege munduvareyitu. avaru 18 march 2015 randu albumna shirshike mattu cover art annu anaavaranagolisidaru. guitar vaadaka mathue graywolf gumpina hosa vishayada bagge helidaru album bidugadeyaguva modalu, tandavu "armi off dhii nait" mattu "armata strigoy" emba eradu ekageetegalannu bidugade maaditu. iveradoo modalu digital roopadalli maatra bidugadeyaadavu. vimarshaatmaka svaagata. ee albumge vimarshakaru sakaaraatmakavaagi rating niididaru. loha.dii barediddaareh "aashirvadisida mattu hondiruva" eegaagale varshada metal party disk aagide! prabalavaada riffing, dodda hukgalu mattu kitch powerwolfn preetiya pramaanadondige mattomme prati haadu nijavagiyoo hitt aaguva album annu rachiside!"endu baredukondiddaare. lohada suttigeyu "svargakkinta ettara" emba haadannu "albumna mukhyaamsha" endu pariganisitu. track patti. boxes sett mattu earbook aavruttiyu bonus cd, "metalum nastrum" annu hondiddu, idannu 2019rahra janavari 11ravarege pratyekavagi bidugade madalagilla. sibbandi. power wolf hechchuvari sangeetagaararu taantrika sibbandi itara sibbandigalu

anugrahikkappettavar jarmman power mettal baand powerwolfinte aaraamathe studiyo aalbamaan blessed & hosted, ithu 2015 juulai 17 nuu napam records puratthirakki. 2014ll baand ithu ezhuthukayum 2015 januvariyil sweedanile gothenberghile studiyo fredmanil record cheyyaan thudangukayum frederic nordstrom nirmmikkukayum cheythu. fashion street studiyokalil jenz bogran ithu karasthamaakki. aalbathinte boxettum earbook edition oru bonus sidi "mettalam nostrum" avatharippikkunnu, athil powerwolfinte baand amgangal cover cheyyaan thiranjeduttha vividha kalakaaranmaarude 10 ganangal adangiyirikkunnu. 2019 januvari januvari ithu vevvere veendum puratthirangi. pashchaathalam. powerwolf avarude aaraamathe aalbam 2014 juunil ezhuthaan thudangi. athe varsham desemberil avar poortthiyaakki. 2014 desember 5 nuu avar avarude facebook pejil avarude puthiya aalbam prakhyaapichu. 2015 januvariyil gothenberghile studiyo fredmanil avar aalbam record cheyyaan thudangi, athe varsham march vare eee prakriya neenduninnu. 2015 march march avar aalbathinte perum cover artum anaachaadanam cheythu. groupinte puthiya metteeriyalinekkurich gitaarist maathyoo graywalf prasthaavichu aalbam purathirangunnathinumbu, "armi oof dhaa naitt", "aarmatta strigoy" ennee rund singles group puratthirakki. iva randum aadyam digital roopathil maathramaan purathirangiyathu. vimarsanaathmakamaaya sweekaranam. albathe niroopakar anukoolamaayi vilayiruthiyirunnu. lohangal.dii ezhuthi "" anugrahikkappettathum kaivashamullathum "ithinakam thanne eee varshathe mettal party disk aanu! sakthamaaya refing, valia hookukal, kittsh powerwolfinte priyappetta alavu enniva upayogichu oro gaanavum sarikkum hittaaya oru aalbam orikkal koodi srishtichu!". mettal hammer "svarggathekkaal uyaram" enna gaanam "aalbathinte hailait" aayi kandu. track listt. boxettum earbook pathippilum 2019 januvari 11 vare prathyekamaayi purathirangaattha "mettalam nostrum" enna bonus sidi adangiyirikkunnu. udyogasthar. powerwolf adhika sangeethanjjar saankethika udyogasthar mattu udyogasthar

aashirvadit aanee sampann blacid andd hosted haah german power metal band powerwolfcha sahava studio album aahe, joou 17 julai 2015 roji napalm recordsney prakashit keela. bandney teey 2014 madhye lihile aanee janewari 2015 madhye sweedenmadhil gothenberg yetheel studio fredman yethe tyache dhwanimudran karnyas suruvat kelee aanee fredrick nordstromene tyachi nirmiti kelee. gens bogrenne aakarshak street studiomadhye tyavar prabhutva midavale. albumchya boxset aanee earbook aavruttit bonus seedee 'metallum nostrum' aahe, jyamadhye vegvegalya kalakaranchi 10 ganee aahet jee powerwalfchya band sadasyanni cover karnyasathi nivadali aahet. 11 janewari 2019 roji too swatantrapane punha pradarshit karnyat aala. parshvabhoomi. powerwolfne juuna 2014 madhye tyancha sahava album lihayala suruvat kelee. tyach varshi decembermadhye teey purn jhaale. tyanni 5 december 2014 roji tyanchya facebook prushthavar tyanchya naveen albumchi ghoshana kelee. tyanni janewari 2015 madhye gothenbergmadhil studio fredmanmadhye albumche recording suru kele aanee hii prakriya tyach varshachya marchparyant chalali. tyanni 18 march 2015 roji albumche shirshak aanee mukhprushth kaleche anavaran kele. gitarvadak mathyu grevolfane gatachya naveen sahityabaddal sangitaleh album pradarshit honyapurvi, yaa gatane 'armi auph daad nite' aanee 'armata strigoi' hii done ekeri ganee prasiddha kelee. donhi pratham keval digital swarupat pradarshit karnyat aale hote. samikshatmak swagat. yaa dhwanimudrikela samikshakankadun sakaratmak moolyankan midale. dhatoo.dii yanni lihileh 'blacid andd oquessed' hii aadhich metal party disk auph daad ear aahe! shaktishali refings, mothya hooks aanee kitsch powerwolfchya priy matrene punha ekada eka album tayar keela jyamadhye pratyek gaane kharokharach hiit aahe!". metal hammerney heey gaane 'swargapeksha unch' heey 'albumche thalak aakarshan' mhanoon pahile. track yadee. boxset aanee earbook aavruttit 'metallum nostrum' hii bonus seedee aahe, jee 11 janewari 2019 paryant swatantrapane prakashit karnyat aalee navhati. karmchari. powerwolf atirikt sangitkar tantrik karmchari itar karmchari

dhanya rar adhikrit blacid anned hosed german pawar mettle banned pawarwolfko chhaitaun studio album how, june 17 july 2015 maa napam recordwara jaari garieko thiyo. bandley yasalai 2014 maa lekheko thiyo rar janawari 2015 maa gothenberg, swidenko studio fredmanma recording garna thalyo, rar fredrick nordstromdwara nirman garieko thiyo. yo gens bogrendwara akarshak sadak studioharuma nipunta prapta bhaeko thiyo. albumko buxset rar earbook sanskaranma bonus sidi "metalum nostrum" prastut garieko chha, jasma vibhinna kalakarharuka 10 wata githaru samawesh chhan jaslai pawarwolfka banned sadasyaharule kabhar garna chayan gareka chhan. yasalai 11 janawari 2019 maa chhuttai punah rilij garieko thiyo. prishthabhumi. pawarwolfle june 2014 maa afno chhaitaun album lekhna thale. tiniharu tyahi warshako decemberma samapta bhae. uniharule 5 december 2014 maa afno facebook prishthama afno nayan albumko ghoshana gare. uniharule janawari 2015 maa gothenbergko studio fredmanma album recording garna thale, rar prakriya sohi warshako marchsamma chalyo. uniharule 18 march 2015 maa albumko shirshak rar kabhar artko anawaran gare. gitarwadak mathyu grewolfle samuhako nayan samagriko barema bhaneh album rilij hunuaghi, samuhale dui ekal, "armi aff da night" rar "armata strigoi" jaari गऱ्यो।. yee duwai pahilo patak digital rupma matra rilij garieko thiyo. alochanatmak swagat. albumlai samikshakharule sakaratmak mulyankan gareka thie. dhatu.dele lekheh "dhanya rar adhikrit" pahile nai warshako mettle party disk how! shaktishali refing, thula hook rar kitts pawarwolfko priya khurakle ek patak feri euta album sirjana garyo jasma pratyek geet sanchchai heat hunchha!". mettle hammerle "swargabhanda aglo" gitlai "albumko highlite" ko rupma dekhyo. track suchi. buxset rar earbook sanskaranma bonus sidi, "metalum nostrum" samawesh chha, june 11 janawari 2019 samma chhuttai jaari garieko thiena. karmachariharu. powerwolf atirikta sangitkarharu prawidhik karmachariharu anya karmachariharu

aasheerbadaprapta ebong adhikruta blaceed anded hosted heuchhi german pawara metal banned pawarawalfanka shastha studio album, jaahaa 17 july 2015 ray napalam records dwara muktilabha karithila . banned ehaaku 2014 ray lekhithile ebong januari 2015 ray swidenara gothenwargara studio fredman ray ehaaku recording arambha karithile ebong fredrik nordstrome dwara nirmita hoithila . ehaa gens bogrenka dwara aakarshaneeah street studiore aajatta karajaithila . ehi albummer boxset ebong earbook sanskaranare eka bonus sidi "metalum nastrom" rahichhi, jeunthire bibhinna kalakaranka 10tii geeta rahichhi, jaahaaku kabhar kariba paain pawarawalfra banned sadasyamane chayan karichanti. ehaa 11 januari 2019 ray pruthaka bhabare muktilabha karithila . prusthabhumi. pawarwolf june 2014 ray semanankara shastha album lekhiba arambha karithile. semane sehi barsha decemberare samapta karithile . semane 5 december 2014 ray semanankara facebook prusthare semanankara nutan album ghoshana karithile. semane januari 2015 ray gothenwargara studio fredman ray album recording arambha karithile, ebong ehi prakriya sehi barsha march parjyanta chalithila . semane 18 march 2015 ray albummer shirshaka ebong prachada kalaku unmochan karithile. guiterbadaka mathyu grewolf gosthira nutan samagri bishajare kahithileh album muktilabha kariba purbaru, group duiti ekaka, "armi off dee night" ebong "armata strigoi" muktilabha karithila . ubhaja prathame kebala digital roopare muktilabha karithile. samalochanamoolaka swagata. ehi alabamku samalochakamane sakaratmaka mulyankana deithile. dhaatu.dii lekhichhantih "aasheerbadaprapta ebong adhikruta" purbaru barshar metal party disk! shaktishali refing, budd hook ebong kitsch pawarawalfra priya matra sahita puni thare eka album srusti karichhi jeunthire pratyeka geeta bastabare eka heat .". metal hatudi geetatiku "swargatharu uccha" bhabare "albummer highlite" bhabare dekhila . track talika. boxset ebong earbook sanskaranare eka bonus sidi, "metalum nastrom" rahichhi, jaahaa 11 januari 2019 parjyanta alga bhabare muktilabha karinathila. karmachari. pawara walf atirikta sangeetagya baishajika karmachari anya karmachari

ashirvaad atey kabza brashed aind hosted german pawar maital baind powerwolf dee chhevin studio album haii, joe 17 julai 2015 noon naipalam records duaara jaari keeti gaee see. baind neey iss noon 2014 dey dauran likhiaa atey iss noon janwari 2015 witch gothenberg, sweden dey studio fredman witch ricard karna shuru keeta atey iss daa nirman fredrik nordstrome duaara keeta giaa see. iss noon jonas bogren duaara aakarshan street studio witch muharat haasal keeti gaee see. album dey boxset atey earbook edition witch ikk bones cd "metallum norstrum" haii, jiss witch vakkh-vakkh kalakaran dey 10 geet shamal hunn joe powerwolf dey baind dey memberan noon cover curran laee chunhe gaye hunn. iss noon 11 janwari 2019 noon vakkhre taur 'teey dubara rileez keeta giaa see. pichokad. powerwolf neey aapni chhevin album juun 2014 witch likhni shuru keeti. uh use saal dasambar witch khatam hoye. unhan neey 5 dasambar 2014 noon aapne facebook pej 'teey aapni naveen album daa ailaan keeta. unhan neey janwari 2015 witch gothenberg dey studio fredman witch album dee recording shuru keeti, atey ih prakiriaa use saal march takk challi. uhanan neey 18 march 2015 noon album dey sirlekh atey cover aart daa pardafash keeta. gitarvadak maithyu grevolf neey samooh dee naveen samaggari baare kihaau album dey rileez honn toon pahilan, group neey doou singles, "aarmi aaf dha night" atey "armata strygoi" jaari keete. ih doven pahilan siraf digital roop witch jaari keete gaye sunn. aalochnatmak suagat. album noon aalochakan duaara skaratmak darja ditta giaa see. dhatu.dee neey likhiaao "dhann atey maalak" pahilan hii saal dee maital party disk haii! shaktishali refing, vadde hukkan atey kitsch powerwolf dee piaari khurak naal ikk vaar firr ikk album banayi jiss witch harr geet asal witch ikk hitt haii!". maital hammer neey geet noon "swarg toon uccha" "album dey mukkh aakarshan" vajon dekhiaa. track suchi. boxset atey earbook edition witch ikk bones cd, "metallum norstrum" haii, joe 11 janwari 2019 takk vakkhre taur 'teey jaari naheen keeta giaa see. karamchari. powerwolf vadhu sangeetkar takniki karamchari horr karamchari

dhanyah tathaa abhibhootah. blaced end host iti german-power-metal-byaand-power-wolf ityasya shashtah studio-aalbam asti, yah 2015 julai 17 dinaanke naapalm-records ityanena pradarshitah. bend 2014 tame varshe tatt likhitavaan, 2015 janavaree-maase sweeden-deshasya gothenberg-nagarasya studio-fredman-madhye tasya dhwanimudranam aarabdhavaan, fredrik-nordstrom ityanena nirmitah cha. gens bogren ityanena aakarshane street studios madhye asya praaveenyam praaptam. aalbam ityasya baaks-sett tathaa iyar-book-samskarane "metaalam-nostrum" iti bonus-sii. dii. asti, yasmin vibhinnakalakaranam 10 geetaani santi, ye power-wolf ityasya vaadyavrundasya sadasyaih aacchaadayitum chitaani santi. 2019 janavaree 11 dinaanke pruthak punah pradarshitam. prushtabhoomau. power-wolf ityayam 2014 joon-maase shashtam aalbam lekhitum aarabdhavaan. te tasmin eva varshe december-maase samaapyanta. te 5 december 2014 dinaanke swasya facebook-prushthe nootanam aalbam iti ghoshayan. te 2015 janavaree-maase gothenberg-nagarasya studio-fredman-madhye aalbam-dhwanimudranam aarabdhavantah, tathaa cha prakriya tasmin eva varshe maarch-maasaparyantam anwawartat. te 18 maarch 2015 dinaanke aalbam ityasya sheershakam, aavaranakalaam cha anaavrutavantah. gitaar vaadakah myathyoo grevolf ityeshah samuhasya nutanasya vishayavastunah vishaye avadat. aalbam ityasya vimochanaat poorvam, samoohah "aarmi aaf da nait" tathaa "armata strigoy" iti ekageetadwayam prakashitavan. ubhau prathamavaaram kevalam digital-rupena eva pradarshitaah. vimarshaatmak-sweekaranam. sameekshakaih asya aalbam ityasya sakaratmakamulyamkanam krutam. dhaatuh.dey varyaha likhati yat "blaced and ossensed" iti poorvamev varshasya metal-party disk asti! shaktishaalee refing, bigg hooks, kitsh powerwolf ityasya darling-doses ityetaih punah ekam aalbam nirmitam, yasmin pratyekam geetam vastutah hitt bhavati!"iti. dhaatu-hastaka-geetam "swargaat uccham" iti "aalbam ityasya mukhyaamshah" iti drushtah. anusuchyam soochayati. baaks-sett tathaa iyar-book-samskarane "metaalam-nostrum" iti bonus-sii. dii. asti, yat 2019 janavaree 11 paryantam pruthak naa prakaashitam. karmachaarinah. power-wolf atirikta-sangeetadnyaah praawidhik-karmachaari anye karmachaarinah.

aaseervathikkappatta mattrum udaimaiyaakkappatta aaseervathikkappatta & udaimaiyaanathu jerman power metal isaikkuzhu pavarvoalppin aaraavathu studio aalbamaagum, idhu 17 juulai 2015 andru naapalm pathivukalaal veliyidappattathu. isaikkuzhu idhai 2014 aam aandil ezhuthi, janavari 2015 ill sweeden gothenberkil ulla studio fredmanil pathivu seiyath thodangiyathu, maelum frederic nortstrome thayaariththathu. idhu kavarchchigaramaana theru studiyoakkalil jens bokhranal therchchi pettrathu. inththa aalpaththin poxchet mattrum iyarbuk pathippil oru phones sidi "metal nasstrum" ullathu, idhil palvaeru kalaignargalin 10 paadalkal ullana, avai powerwolf isaikkuzhuvin uruppinarkal maraikka thernthedukkappattavai. idhu 11 janavari 2019 andru thaniththaniyaaga meendum veliyidappattathu. pinnani. bowerwolf juun 2014 ill thangal aaraavathu aalpaththai ezhuthath thodangkinaar. athae aandu disambaril avarkal mudiththanar. avarkal thangal puthiya aalpaththai thangal facebook pakkaththil 5 disambar 2014 andru ariviththanar. avarkal janavari 2015 ill kottanbarkkil ulla studio fredmanil aalpaththai pathivu seiyath thodangkinar, maelum inththa seyalmurai athae aandu maarch varai neediththathu. avarkal 18 maarch 2015 andru aalpaththin thalaippu mattrum kavar artai veliyittanar. kittar kalaignar methev gravolf kuzhuvin puthiya porul pattri koorinaar inththa aalbam veliyidappaduvatharku munbu, kuzhu "armie off thii nite" mattrum "armada strigoy" endra irandu thanippaadalkalai veliyittathu. ivai irandum muthalil digital vadivil mattumae veliyidappattana. vimarsana reethiyaana varavaerpu. inththa aalbam vimarsagargalaal saathagamaaga mathippidappattathu. uloagam.dii ezhuthinaar "aaseervathikkappatta mattrum udaimaiyaakkappatta" aerkanavae aandin uloaga vattu vattu! sakthivaaintha riffing, periya kokkigal mattrum kitsh bowerwolfin anbaana toas aagiyavattrudan meendum oru aalpaththai uruvaakkinar, athil ovvoru paadalum unmaiyil vettri pettrathu!"endru koorinaar. metal hummer "sorkkaththai vida uyarnthathu" endra paadalai "aalpaththin sirappamsamaaga" paarththathu. thadap pattiyal. poxchet mattrum iyarbuk pathippil phones sidi, "metal nasstrum" ullathu, idhu 11 janavari 2019 varai thaniththaniyaaga veliyidappadavillai. paniyaalarkal. power wolf koodudhal isaikkalainarkal tholilnutpap paniyaalarkal pira paniyaalarkal

aasiirvadimchabadina mariyu kaligi unna blessed & host anedi german power metal byaand power wolf yokka aarava studio album, idhi 17 juulai 2015naa napalm records dwara vidudalaindi. byaand dheenini 2014loe rasindi mariyu janavari 2015loe sweedanlooni gothenbergloni studio fredmanlo record cheyadam praarambhinchindi mariyu dheenini fredrick nordstram nirminchaaru. idhi gens bogren chetha aakarshanheeyamaina veedhi studiolalo praaveenyam pondindi. album yokka baaks sett mariyu earbook editionloo bonus sidi "metalum nastrum" undhi, indulo power wolf yokka byaand sabhyulu cover cheyadaaniki empika chesina vividha kalaakaarula 10 paatalu unnaayi. idhi 2019 janavari 11naa vidigaa tirigi vidudala cheyabadindi. nepathyam. power wolf juun 2014loe vaari aarava album rayadam praarambhinchindi. vaaru adhe samvatsaram decemberlo puurti chesaaru. vaaru tama kotta albumnu 5 december 2014naa tama facebook pageelo prakatinchaaru. vaaru janavari 2015loe gothenbergloni studio fredmanlo albumnu record cheyadam praarambhinchaaru, mariyu eee prakriya adhe samvatsaram marchi varaku konasaagindi. vaaru 18 marchi 2015naa album yokka sheershika mariyu cover artnu aavishkarinchaaru. gitaaru vaadyakaarudu mathue graywolf samuuham yokka kotta vishayam gurinchi ilaa perkonnaduh album vidudalaku mundu, eee brundam "armi off dhi nait" mariyu "armata strigoy" anae rendu singilsnu vidudala chesindi. eee rendoo modata digital roopamlo matrame vidudalayyaayi. vimarsanaatmaka spandana. eee album vimarsakulache sanukoolamgaa rate cheyabadindi. lohamu.dii ilaa vraasaadu "blessed & hossend" ippatike metal party disk off dhi iyar! saktivantamaina riffing, pedda hooks mariyu kitch powerwolf yokka darling motaadu marosari prati paata nijamgaa vijayavantamaina albumnu srushtinchindi!"anie paerkonnaaru. metal hammer eee patanu "swargam kante ettainadi" gaa "album yokka mukhyaamsam" gaa chusindi. track jabita. baaks sett & earbook editionloo bonus sidi, "metalum nastrum" undhi, idhi 2019 janavari 11 varaku vidigaa vidudala kaaledu. sibbandi. power wolf adanapu sangeetakaarulu saanketika sibbandi itara sibbandi

mubarik aur mahsub blased aind hospised german pawar mettle bend pawar wolf kaa chhataa studio album hay jasay naplum records nay 17 jolayi 2015 kuu jaari kiyaa. bend nay asay 2014 kay doraan likhaa aur januri 2015 mein gothenberg sweaden kay studio fredman mein iss kii recording sharoo kii aur asay frederk nordstrome nay tayaar kiyaa thaa. iss mein jainz bogran nay strait studios mein maharat haasil kii thee. album kay baaks seet aur aiyar buck edition mein eek bonas see ddee "metallum nastrum" hay jiss mein mukhtalif funkaron kay 10 gaaney shaamil haine jinn kaa ahatah karnay kay liye pawar wolf kay bend kay arakeen kuu muntakhib kiyaa gayaa hay. asay 11 januri 2019 kuu alg say dobarah release kiyaa gayaa. piss manzar. pawar wolf nay apnaa chhataa album joone 2014 mein likhna sharoo kiyaa. wah asee saal dasambar mein khatam hoay. inhon nay 5 dasambar 2014 kuu apnay fees buck paij parr apnay nayey album kaa aalaan kiyaa. inhon nay januri 2015 mein gothenberg kay studio fredman mein album kii recording sharoo kii aur yaha amal asee saal maarch takk jaari rehaa. inhon nay 18 maarch 2015 kuu album kay anwaan aur coor aart kii nqab kashayi kii. gtarst methio garee wolf nay grop kay nayey mawaad kay baaray mein kahaa: album kii release say pehley grop nay duu singles "aarmi aaf dee night" aur "armata stragui" jaari kiye. donon kuu pehley sarf degital shakal mein release kiyaa gayaa thaa. tanqidi isteqbaliya. album kuu naqdin nay masbat darjah diyaa. dhaat.ddee nay likhaa: "mubarik aur qabzah shadah" pehley say hyee saal kii mettle paarti disk hay! taqatwar refing baday hick aur cutsch pawar wolf kii pyaari khuraak kay saath eek baar phir eek album banaya jiss mein harr gaana waaqee hutt hay!". dhaati hathoday nay gaaney kuu "jinat say ooncha" "album kii khaas baath" kay toor parr dekha. track listing. baaks seet aur aiyar buck edition mein eek bonas see ddee "metallum nastrum" hay juu 11 januri 2019 takk alaihdah say jaari nahein kiyaa gayaa thaa. ahalkaar. pawar wolf izaafi mausiqar takniki ahalkaar deegar ahalkaar

fffc6ad161b9737fafd68fd2b6067522ccbcacd30f07ff7f0699404380c6206c

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=73738419

Kavyanjali - Sakhi Savali

Kavyanjali - Sakhi Savali Indian Marathi-language TV series Kavyanjali - Sakhi Savali (transl. Kavyanjali - Friendly shadow) is an Indian Marathi language television series which is produced by Shrabani Deodhar and Sai Deodhar under the banner of Purple Morning Movies. The show premiered from 29 May 2023 on Colors Marathi. It stars Prapti Redkar and Kashmira Kulkarni in lead roles and Piyush Ranade and Prasad Jawade in supporting roles. It is an official remake of Kannada TV series "Bhagyalakshmi". Plot. It is a story of the two titular cousins whose fates could not be more different. Kavya is a housewife and a mother of two children, while her orphaned cousin and adopted sister Anjali is an independent girl, who doesn't approve of the former's married life. Unaware of the obstacles and the lies surrounding them, the show portrays the problems they face and how they become each other’s support when needed. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

kawyanjoli-xokhi xawali kawyanjoli-xokhi xawali () hoise ek bharotiyo marathi bhaxar television dharabahik jitu benguniya ratipuwar chinemar benarot srobani deudhor aaru saai deudhore projujona korise. ei onusthanor primiyar 2023 sonor 29 mey 'ror poraa rongor marathit hoisil. iyat propti redokor aaru kashmira kulkarniye mukhyo soritrot obhinoy korise aaru pijux ranade aaru proxad jaworeye xohayok soritrot obhinoy korise. eikhon kanara television dharabahik "bhagyolokhmi" ror anusthanik punor nirman. plot. eikhon naamor dui khurak-bhoniyekor kahini jaar bhagyo iyatkoi beleg hoh "bob nuware. kawya egoraki grihini aaru dutaa xontanor maatri, aanhate teur bhogni onjoli egoraki swadhin suwali, ji praktonor boibahik jiwanak onumudon nokore. teulukor sariufale thoka baadha aaru misar bixoye ogyo hoi, ei swo "tuwe teuluke xonmukhin huwa xomosyabur aaru proyujon hoh" ley teuluke kenekoi ijone xijonor xomorthon hoi pore taak sitrito kore.

kabyanjali-sakhee savali kabyanjali-sakhee savali () ekti bharatiya marathi bhasar television sirij jaa beguni sokaler cholochchitrer byanare shravani deodhar ebong saai deodhar dwara projojito. anusthanti 29 meey 2023 theke kaalar marathite premiere hoyechilo. etey prodhan choritre abhinoy korechen priti redkar ebong kashmir kulkarni ebong parshwa choritre abhinoy korechen piyush ranade ebong prasad jaode. etty kannad tibhi sirij "bhagyalakshmi"-rawr ekti anusthanik punarnirman. plot. etty dui namkara chachat bhaiyer golpo, jaader bhagyo err cheye alada hotey paare naa. kabbo ekjon grihini ebong dui santaner maa, onnodike taar boone anjali ekjon swadhin meye, jey taar bibahito jeebonke anumodan korey naa. taader charpasher badha ebong mithya somporke oggo, shoti taader mukhomukhi haoya samasyaguli ebong proyojone taaraa kibhabe eke oporer samarthan hoye othe taa chitrito korey.

kavyanjali-sakhee sawali kavyanjali-sakhee sawli () aee bhaartiy maraathi bhashani television shrenee chhe, jenu nirmaan shrabaani devdhar aneey saaii devdhar dwara jambali savaarnee filmona benara hethal karvaamaa aavyu chhe. aaa shho 29 meey meey colours maraathi parr rajoo thayo hato. temaa priti redkar aneey kashmir kulkarni mukhya bhoomikama chhe aneey piyush runday aneey prasaad javade sahayak bhoomikama chhe. teey kannad tivi shrenee 'bhagyalakshmi "nee sattavaar remack chhe. plooat. aaa beey namdhari pitarai bahenoni vaarta chhe, jemnaa bhagyama vadhu tafaavat naa hoi shake. kaavya aek gruhinee aneey beey baadakoni maataa chhe, jyaare tenee bahen anjali aek swatantra chhokari chhe, jeey tenaa lagnajeevanne sweekarti nathee. avrodho aneey temnee aaspasna juthanamathi ajaan, aaa shho temnee samasyao aneey jyaare jaroor padey tyaare teo kevee reete aekbijaano teko baney chhe tenu chitran karey chhe.

kavyanjali-sakhee sawali kavyanjali-sakhee sawali () ack bhaaratiya marathi bhasha kii television shrinkhala haye jise sharbani devdhar aur saaee devdhar ney baingani subah kii filmon key banner taley nirmit kiya haye. iss show kaa premiere 29 maee 2023 seey colours marathi parr huaa. isamen preeti redkar aur kashmir kulkarni mukhya bhoomikaon mein hain aur piyush ranade aur prasaad jabade sahayak bhoomikaon mein hain. yeh kannad tv shrinkhala "bhagyalakshmi" kaa aadhikarik remake haye. plot. yeh dou nammatra kii chachere bhaai bahanon kii kahani haye, jinka bhaagya adhik alag naheen hoe sakata thaa. kavya ack grihini aur dou bachchon kii maan haye, jabaki usaki bahan anjali ack swatantra ladki haye, joe poorv key vivaahit jeevan koo sweekaar naheen karati haye. baadhaon aur unake aspas key jhooth seey anjaan, yeh show una samasyaon koo chitrit kartaa haye jinka way saamana karate hain aur kaise way aavashyakta padane parr ack-dusare kaa samarthan bunn jaate hain.

kavyanjali-sakhi sawali kavyanjali-sakhee sawali () ondu bhaaratiya marathi bhasheya duradarshana saraniyagiddu, idannu shrabani devdhar mattu saay devdhar avaru parpal marning cinemagala banner adiyalli nirmisiddaare. ee pradarshanavu 29 mayee 2023 rinda bannagala maraatiyalli prathama pradarshanagonditu. idaralli prapti redkar mattu kashmira kulkarni pramukha patragalalli natisiddaare mattu piyush ranade mattu prasad jawade poshaka patragalalli natisiddaare. idu kannada duradarshana sarani "bhagyalakshmi" yaya adhikruta remake aagide. plat. idu ibbaru hesaranta sodarasambandhi sahodariyara katheyagiddu, avara adrushtavu hecchu bhinnavagiralu sadhyavilla. kavya obba gruhini mattu ibbaru makkala taayiyaagiddare, aakeya sahodari anjali swatantra hudugiyaagiddu, avaru modalinavara vaivaahika jivanavannu oppuvudilla. tamma suttalina adetadegalu mattu sullugala bagge tilidillada ee pradarshanavu avaru edurisuva samasyegalannu mattu agatyaviddaaga avaru hege parasparara bembalavaguttare embudannu chithrisuttade.

kavyanjali-sakhee sawali kavyanjali-sakhee sawali () hii eka bharatiy marathi bhashetil durchitravani malika aahe, jee shrabani devdhar aanee saee devdhar yanni jambhalya sakalchya chitrapatanchya bannerkhali tayar kelee aahe. yaa karyakramacha pahila bhag 29 meey 2023 roji rung marathivar pradarshit jhaala. yaat priti redkar aanee kashmir kulkarni mukhya bhoomiket aahet aanee piyush ranade aanee prasad jawade sahayyak bhoomiket aahet. kannad durchitravanivaril 'bhagyalakshmi "yaa malikechi hii adhikrut punarnirmiti aahe. plot. hii done namdhari chulat bhavandanchi katha aahe jyanche nasheeb yapeksha vegale asoo shakat nahee. kavya hii gruhini aanee done mulanchi aaee aahe, tarr tichi baheen anjali hii eka swatantra mulgi aahe, jee tyaa mahilechya vaivahik jivanala manyata dett nahee. tyanchya sabhovatalachya adthalyambaddal aanee khotya goshtimbaddal anbhidnya, tyanna tyanna samasya aanee garaj bhasalyas teey ekmekanche samarthan kase banatat heey yaa karyakramat chitrit kele aahe.

kawyanjali-sakhi sawali kawyanjali-sakhi sawali () ek bharatiya marathi bhashako television shringkhala how june parpal merning chalchitrako bannerma shrabani devdhar rar sai devdhardwara nirmit chha. soe 29 mey 2023 dekhi rung marathima premiere bhayo. yasama dipti redkar rar kasmira kulkarni mukhya bhumikama chhan rar piyush ranade rar prasad jawade sahayak bhumikama chhan. yo kannad television shringkhala 'bhagyalakshmi' ko adhikarik remake how. plut. yo dui namdhari chachere bahiniharuko katha how jasko bhagya ajha farak huna sakena. kawya ek grihini rar dui santanki amah hun, jabki unaki bahini anjali ek swatantra ketty hun, jasle pahiloko waiwahik jiwanlai anumodan gardainan. awarodhharu rar uniharu warparka jhutharubare anajan, sole uniharule samana garne samasyaharu rar awashyak hunda tiniharu kasari ek arkako samarthan banchhan bhanera chitran gardacha.

kabyanjali-sakhee sabali kabyanjali-sakhee sawali () heuchhi eka bharatiah marathi bhasara television dharabahika jaahaa purple marning film byanarare shrabani deodhara ebong saai deodharanka dwara nirmita . ehi shoe 'rahr premiyara 29 meey 2023 ru ranga marathire hoithila. ethire prapti redkar ebong kashmira kulkarni mukhya bhumikare abhinai karichanti ebong piyush ranade ebong prasad jawade sahajaka bhumikare abhinai karichanti. ehaa kannad tibhi sirij "bhagyalaxmi" rahr eka official remake . plut. ehaa dui namdhari samparkeeah bhauneenka kahani, jahanka bhagya adhika bhinna hoi parinathanta. kabya jane gruhinee ebong duiti santanara maaa, jetebele kii taanka bhaunee anjali jane swadheena jhia, jie purbatananka bibahita jeebanaku anumodana karanti naahin . semananka charipakhare thiba pratibandhaka ebong micha bishajare agya, ehi shoe 'ray semane sammukheen heuthiba samasyagudiku chitrita karajae ebong jetebele aabasyaka hue semane kipari paraspar samarthan huanti .

kavyanjali-sakhee swali kavyanjali-sakhee swali () ikk bharti marathi bhasha dee television luddy haii joe sharbani devdhar atey saaee devdhar duaara jamani sware deeaan filman dey banner heth tiaar keeti gaee haii. shoa daa premiere 29 maee 2023 toon rung marathi utte keeta giaa see. iss witch parpati redkar atey kashmira kulkarni mukkh bhumikavan witch hunn atey piaar runday atey prasad jawade sahaik bhumikavan witch hunn. ih kannada tii. vee. luddy 'bhagyalakshmi' daa adhikarat remake haii. plaat. ih doou namvar chachere bharaa bhainan dee kahani haii jinhan dee kismat iss toon vakkhari naheen hoow sakadi. kaviaa ikk gharelu aurat atey doou bacchiaan dee maan haii, jadon kii uss dee bhainn anjali ikk sutantar ladki haii, joe sabka dee viaahuta zindagi noon savikar naheen kardi. rukawatan atey unhan dey aale duaale dey jhooth toon anjaan, shoa uhanan samassiaavan noon darsaunda haii joe uhanan noon darpesh hunn atey load painn 'teey uh ikk dooje daa samarthan kiven bann jaande hunn.

kaavyaanjali-sakhee sawali kaavyaanjali-sakhee sawali () iti bhaarateey-marathi-bhashayaha dooradarshan-shrunkhalaa asti yaa shrabani-devadhar tathaa saaya-devadhar ityetabhyam parpal-marning-chalacchitrasya patakayaha adhah nirmitah asti. 2023 mey 29 dinaankaat asya karyakramasya prathamapradarshanm colours-marathi ityasmin abhavat. asmin prapti-redkar, kashmira-kulkarnee cha mukhyapaatreshu, peeyoosh-ranade, prasada-javade cha sahayakapatreshu abhinayam akurvan. etat kannad-dooradarshan-dhaaraavaahikasy "bhagyalakshmi" ityasya adhikarikam punarnirmanam asti. plut. eshaa namakam bhraatruvadhooyoh kathaa asti, yasya bhaagyam adhikam bhinnam naa bhavitum arhati sma. kavya ekaa gruhinee, dwau putrau cha maataa asti, tasyaah bhaginee anjali ekaa swatantraa balika asti, yaa poorvasya vaivaahikajeevanam naa sweekaroti. teshaam paritah badhanam, mithyanam cha vishaye ajnaataa, eshaa pradarshanee teshaam samasyanam chitranam karoti, aavashyakataa samaye katham parasparm samarthanam karoti iti cha.

kavyanjali-saagi sawali kavyanjali-saagi sawali () enbathu oru inthiya marathi mozhi tholaikaatchi thodaraagum, idhu burble marning thiraippatankalin pathaakaiyin keezh shrabani deodhar mattrum saai deodhar aakiyoaraal thayaarikkappadukirathu. inththa nigazhchchi 29 mae 2023 muthal vanna maraaththiyil thiraiyidappattathu. idhil prapthi redgarh mattrum kashmeer gulgarni aagiyoar mukiya vaedangkalilum, beaush ranate mattrum prasad jawade aagiyoar thunai vaedangkalilum nadiththullanar. idhu kannada tholaikaatchi thodaraana "pakyalatchumi" yinn athikaarappoorva maruu aakkam aagum. sathi. idhu irandu peyaralavilaana uravinar cakootharikalin kadhai, avarkalin vidhi vaeru vithamaaga irukka mudiyaathu. kavya oru illaththarasi mattrum irandu kuzhandhaigalin thaai, athae neraththil avarathu chakoothari anjali oru suyaatheena penn, avar munnaal thirumana vaazhkkaiyai angkeekarikkavillai. thadaigal mattrum avattraich suttriyulla poikalaip pattri ariyaamal, avarkal ethirkollum pirachchanaikal mattrum thaevaippadumpoathu avarkal oruvarukkoruvar evvaaru aatharavalikkiraarkal enbathai inththa nigazhchchi siththarikkirathu.

kavyanjali-sakhi savali kavyanjali-sakhi savali () anedi oka bharatiya maraathee bhasha television dharavahikam, dheenini purpul marning movies pataakam krinda shrabani devdhar mariyu saay devdhar nirminchaaru. eee pradarsana 29 mae 2023 nundi rangula maraatiiloo pradarsinchabadindi. indulo prapti redcar, kashmira kulkarni pradhana paatralu pooshinchagaa, piyush ranade, prasad jawade sahayaka paatralu pooshinchaaru. idhi kannada tv syries "bhagyalakshmi" kii adhikaarika remake. plaat. idhi iddaru naamamaatrapu kazin sodareemanula katha, vaari vidhi marinta bhinnamgaa undadu. kaavya oka gruhini mariyu iddaru pillala talli, ayithe aame sodari anjali oka swatantra ammai, aame modati vivaha jeevitaanni aamodinchadu. vaari chuttoo unna addamkulu mariyu abaddhaala gurinchi teliyaka, vaaru edurkontunna samasyalanu mariyu avasaramainappudu vaaru okarikokaru elaa maddatu istaro eee pradarsana chitreekaristundi.

kawenjali-saakhi sawali kawenjali-saakhi sawali () eek hindustani marathi zabaan kii teeli vision seerez hay jasay sharbani devdhar aur sayee devdhar nay jaamni sabah kii filmon kay benar talay tayaar kiyaa hay. iss show kaa premier 29 mayee 2023 say clers marathi parr hawaa. iss mein parpati redkar aur kashmeer kalkarni markazi kirdaron mein haine aur piyosh randay aur parsaad jabday maawan kirdaron mein haine. yaha kandaa tye wee seerez "bhaagi lakshami" kaa bazabtah remake hay. plaat. yaha inn duu naam nahaad kazan behnon kii kahaani hay jinn kii qasmat iss say ziyadah mukhtalif nahein how sakti thee. kawiya eek gharilo khaatun aur duu bachon kii maan hay jabkah iss kii behan anjali eek aazaad ladki hay juu sabqah kii shaadi shadah zindagi kuu manzoor nahein karti hay. inn kay ard gird kii rukawaton aur jhoot say bay khabar show inn masail kuu paish kartaa hay jinn kaa inhein saamna hay aur zarurat padnay parr wah eek dosray kaa sahara kisay bunn jaatay haine.

fffc6c19405624d4dc3b51867071d90e3d6db75f7984b0ef10969829c556eb53

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41758950

Brendon Burchard

Brendon Burchard American author, video maker and trainer Brendon Burchard (born February 28, 1977) is an author. Success Magazine covered Burchard in October 2017 where the article named him the world's highest-paid motivational and marketing trainer. He has authored online personal development courses with the Oprah Winfrey Network. "O, The Oprah Magazine", named him "one of the most influential leaders in the field of personal growth." Burchard also hosts a podcast, "The Brendon Show". Career. Burchard cites surviving a car accident at age 19 as the inspiration for his core teaching questions: "Did I live? Did I love? Did I matter?" A video sharing his story has garnered over 27 million views. Burchard is the founder of the Experts Academy and the High Performance Academy. Both training programs provide students Burchard's lessons in business, entrepreneurship, psychology, productivity, and persuasion. In 2011, Burchard's second book, "The Millionaire Messenger" was published and reached #1 on "The New York Times" Best Seller list as well as "The Wall Street Journal", "USA Today", and Amazon.com bestseller lists. In 2012, "The Charge: Activating the 10 Human Drives That Make You Feel Alive" reached #1 on "The Wall Street Journal" bestseller list. In 2014, "The Motivation Manifesto" spent 32 weeks on "The New York Times" best-seller list. In 2016, Burchard was named a member of Oprah Winfrey Network's Super Soul 100. In 2017, "High Performance Habits" became a Wall Street Journal best-seller and was #2 on Amazon's "Best business and leadership books of 2017" list. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

brendon barchard brendon barchard nework timesor ejon xorbadhik bikri huwa lekhok. teur xehotiya grontho, uscho prodorxonor obhyax, waal street journalor bestchelar aasil aaru 2017 sonor octobor maahot barchardok xamori luwa 2017 sonor xofolota alusonir xirxo tinita byoboxai aaru netritwor kitapor bhitorot ekhon hisape emejone monunit korisil zo 'too probondhotuwe teuk biswor xorbadhik dormoha puwa onupreronadayok aaru biponon proxikhyok buli naam disil. teu oporah winfrey networkor xoite online byoktigoto unnoyon pathyokromxomuh rosona korise. "oh", upora alusoniye teuk "byoktigoto bikaxor khetrot ataitkoi probhawxali netaxokolor bhitorot ejon" buli obhihito korisil."barcharde etaa podokastou aayujon kore," "brendon swo" ". keriyar. barcharde 19 bosor boyoxot gaari durghotonat jiyai thokar kotha ullekh kori teur mool xikhyon prosnoburor baabe onuprerona hisape ullekh koreh "moi jiyai aasilune? moi prem korilu neki? moi gurutwo disilu neki?"" teur kahinitu sweyar koraa etaa video "ee 27 nijutoru odhik dorxon laabh korise. barchard hoise bixexogyo academy aaru uscho prodorxon academyr protisthapok. duyuta proxikhyon karzoxusiye xikhyarthixokolok byoboxai, udyugxilota, monubigyan, utpadonxilota aaru pronudonor khetrot barchardor paath prodan kore. 2011 sonot barchardor dwitiyokhon grontho "dyo millionaire messanger" prokax paisil aaru "nework times" ror shrestho bikreta talikar logote "dyo waal street journal", "eu. ess. e tude" aaru emajonot prokaxito hoisil.komm bestchelar talika. 2012 sonot, "chargeh 10 taa manob drive xokriyo koraa ji aapunak jiyai onubhob kore" "waal street journal" bestchelar talikat #1 too uponeet hoisil. 2014 sonot "dyo motivation manifest"-e "nework times"-ror xorbosrestho bikretar talikat 32 xoptah otibahito korisil. 2016 sonot barchardok oporah winfrey networkor supar cho 'lo 100-ror xodosyo hisape namakoron koraa hoisil. 2017 sonot, "uscho prodorxonor obhyax" waal street journalor shrestho bikreta hoi porisil aaru emajonor "2017 sonor shrestho byoboxai aaru netritwor kitap" ror talikat aasil.

brendon barchard brendon barchard neu eork timeser sorbadhik bikrito lekhok. taanr sorboshesh boi, uchcho performancer abhyash, ekti oyala strita journal bestseller chhilo ebong 2017 saaler octobore taanr sheersho tinti byabasayik ebong netritter boigulir modhye ekti hisabe amazon dwara manoneet hoyechilo, jekhane nibondhoti taanke bishwer sorbochcho betoner onupreronamulok ebong bipanan proshikkhok hisabe namkaran korechilo. tini oprah winfrey networker saathe online byaktigato unnayan course likhechen. "oo, oprah magazine taanke" byaktigato bikasher khettre sabcheye prabhabshali netader ekjon "boley abhihito koreche."birchard ekti podcasto hosta korey," "brendon shoe. karmajiban. 19 bochor boyse ekti gaadi durghotonai benche yawa taanr mool shikkhar proshner anuprerana hisabe barchard ullekh korechenoh "aami kii benche chhilam? aami kii bhalobesechi? aami kii guruttopurno?"" taanr golpo bhag korey neoar ekti vdo 27 millionero beshi view orjon koreche. barchard biseshoggo academy ebong uchcho kormokhomota academyr protisthata. ubhoy proshikkhon kormosuchii shikkharthider byabosa, uddokta, manobigyan, utpadonshilota ebong prorochonar bishoye paatth pradan korey. 2011 saale, barcharder dwitiya boi, "dya millionaire messenger" prokashito hoy ebong "neu eork times" best selara lister pashapashi "dya oyala strita journal", "usa toode" ebong amazone pouche yaay.qama bestseller talika. 2012 saale, "charge 10tii manob drive sakriya koraa jaa aponake jeebito bodh korey" "dya oyala strita journal" bestseller talika #1 poucheche. 2014 saale, "anuprerana ishtehar" 32 saptaha dhorey "neu eork times" best selara talika byoy korey. 2016 saale, barchardke oprah winfrey networker super soul 100-err sadasya hisabe namkaran koraa hoyechilo. 2017 saale, "uchcho kormokhomotar abhyash" ekti oyala strita journal best-selara hoye othe ebong amazoner "2017 saaler sera byabosa ebong netritter boi" talika chhilo.

brendon berchard brendon berchard newyork timesna sauthee vadhu vechaata lekhak chhe. temnu taajetarnu pustak, uchch pradarshanni aadato, aek wall street journal bastseller hatoo aneey amazone dwara 2017 nee safal megezeenna temnaa tochnaa trana vyavsaay aneey netrutva pustakomana aek tareeke namankit karvaamaa aavyu hatoo, jemaa october 2017 maan berchardne aavari levaamaa aavyu hatoo, jyaan lekhamaa temne vishvanaa sauthee vadhu pagarvala prerak aneey marqetina trainer tareeke naam aapvama aavyu hatoo. temane opra winfrey network saathe online vyaktigat vikaas abhyaskramo lakhyaa chhe. "oo, opra saamyike", temne "vyaktigat vikasna kshetramaa sauthee prabhavshali netaomana aek tareeke naam aapyu hatoo."berchard podcast" "brendon shho" "pann hoosta karey chhe". karkirdi. berchard 19 varshnee ummare kaar akasmatmathi bachee javaane temnaa mukhya shikshan prashno maate prernaa tareeke taanke chheh "shun huun jeevyo hato? shun huun prem karoo chhu? maney vaandho aavyo?"" temnee vaarta shhare kartaa aek videeyone 27 millionthi vadhu views malyaa chhe. berchard nishnatoni akaadmee aneey uchch pradarshan akaadaminaa sthaapak chhe. banne taaleem kaarykramo vidhyarthione vyavsaay, udhyogsahsikta, manovigyaan, utpadakta aneey samjavatma berchardnaa paath pradaan karey chhe. chhe, berchardnu beeju pustak, "dhaa millionaire messanger" prakashit thayu hatoo aneey "dhaa nyu york times" besta cellar list temaj "dhaa wall street journal", "yuu. aesa. aee. toode" aneey amazone parr #1 sudhee pahonchyu hatoo.qoma bastseller yaadeeo. 2012 maan, "charge 10 manav drivesne sakreey karvee jeey tamane jivant anoobhave chhe" "dhaa wall street journal" bastseller soochi parr #1 sudhee pahonchi gayoo. gayoo, "dhaa motivation manifesto" aee "dhaa nyu york times" besta-cellar list parr 32 athvadiya gaadyaa hataa. 2016 maan, berchardne opra winfrey networkna super soola 100 naa sabhy tareeke naam aapvama aavyu hatoo. hatoo, "uchch pradarshanni aadato" wall street journal besta-cellar bunny hatee aneey amazone amazone shreshth vyavsaay aneey netrutva pustako" nee yaadimaa #2 hatee.

brendon berchard brendon berchard newyork times key sabse adhik bikane vaale lekhak hain. unaki navintam pustak, uchch pradarshan kii aadaten, ack wall street journal bestseller thee aur unhein amezan dwara 2017 kii safalata patrika kii unaki sheersh teen vyavasaay aur netritva pustakon mein seey ack key roop mein naamit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen octuber 2017 mein berchard koo shamil kiya gayaa thaa, jahaan lekh ney unhein duniya kaa sabse adhik bhugtan paane vaalaa prerak aur vipanan prashikshak naamit kiya thaa. unhone opra winfrey network key saath online vyaktigat vikas pathyakram likhe hain. "oh, opra patrika ney unhein" vyaktigat vikas key kshetra mein sabse prabhaavshaali netaaon mein seey ack "naam diyaa."berchard ack podcast" "dha brendon show" "kii bhee mejbani kartaa haye. carrier. berchard ney 19 saal kii umr mein ack kaar durghatana mein jeevit rahane kaa hawala dete hue apane mukhya shikshan prashnon key liye prerana key roop mein kahaah "kyaa main jeevit rhaa? kyaa main pyaar kartaa thaa? kyaa mujhe fark padaa?"" unaki kahani saajha karane vaale ack video koo 27 million seey adhik baar dekhaa jaa chuka haye. berchard visheshagya akadami aur uchch pradarshan akadami key sansthaapak hain. donon prashikshan karyakram chhatron koo vyavasaay, udyamita, manovigyaan, utpaadaktaa aur anunaya mein berchard key paath pradaan karate hain. 2011 mein, berchard kii doosari pustak, "dha millionaire massenger" prakaashit hui aur "dha newyork times" best seller soochi key saath-saath "dha wall street journal", "usa tude" aur amezan parr pahunch gaee.comm bestseller soochiyaan. 2012 mein, "dha chaarjah 10 maanav drive koo sakriya karna joe aapako jeevit mahsoos karaata haye" "dha wall street journal" bestseller soochi parr #1 taka pahunch gayaa. 2014 mein, "prerana ghoshanapatra" ney "newyork times" best-seller soochi parr 32 saptah bitaaye. 2016 mein, berchard koo opra winfrey network key super soul 100 kaa sadasya naamit kiya gayaa thaa. 2017 mein, "uchch pradarshan kii aadaten" ack wall street journal best-seller bunn gaee aur amezan kii "2017 kii sarvshreshth vyavasaay aur netritva pustakon" kii soochi mein #2 thee.

brendon berchard brendon berchard newyork timesna atyuttama maaratavaada lekhakaraagiddaare. avara ittichina pustaka, hye performance habits, wall streat journal best celler aagittu mattu 2017 rahra yashassina niyatakaalikeya avara agra mooru vyapara mattu naayakatvada pustakagalalli ondaagi amejaanninda naamanirdeshanagonditu, october 2017 ralli berchard annu olagondittu, allie lekhanavu avarannu vishvada athi hecchu sambhavane padeyuva preraka mattu marketing tarabetudaara endu hesarisitu. avaru opraa winfrey netvarknondige anline vaiyaktika abhivruddhi korsgalannu barediddaare. "opraa niyatakaalikavu aatanannu" vaiyaktika belavanigeya kshetradalli atyanta prabhavashali nayakaralli obbanendu hesarisitu."berchard saha podcast annu ayojisuttade," "brendon show". vrattijeevana. 19neey vayassinalli kaaru apaghaatadalli badukulidiruvudannu berchard tanna pramukha bodhana prashnegalige sphoortiyaagi ullekhisuttaaneh "naanu badukiddeneye? naanu pritisiddeneye? naanu mukhyana?"avara katheyannu hanchikolluva veediyovu 27 dashalakshakku hecchu vikshanegalannu galiside. berchard avaru tagnara academy mattu unnata kaaryakshamateya academy sthapakaragiddare. eradoo tarabeti kaaryakramagalu vidyaarthigalige vyapara, udyamasheelate, manovignaana, utpaadakate mattu manavolisuvikeyalli berchard pathagalannu odagisuttave. 2011ralli, berchard avara eradane pustaka, "dhii millionaire messenger" annu prakatisalaayitu mattu "newyork times" atyuttama maaraatada pattiyalli "dhii wall streat journal", "usa today" mattu amejaannalli "aidi1" annu talupitu.com best celler pattigalu. 2012ralli, "charge neevu jivantavagiruvante maaduva 10 manava drivegalannu sakriyagolisuvudu" "wall streat journal" best celler pattiyalli #1 annu talupitu. 2014ralli, "dhii motivation manifesto" 32 vaaragala kaala "dhii newyork times" atyuttama maaratagaarara pattiyalli kaledide. 2016ralli, opraa winfrey networkn suuper soal 100rahra sadasyaraagi berchard avarannu hesarisalaayitu. 2017ralli, "hye performance habits" wall streat journal best celler aayitu mattu amazon "2017rahra atyuttama vyapara mattu naayakatvada pustakagala" pattiyalli #2 sthaanadallittu.

brundon burchard newyork timesil ettavumadhikam vittazhikkappedunna ezhuthukaaranaanu brundon burchard. addehathinte ettavum puthiya pusthakamaaya hye perfomence tabits oru walstreet jenal bestt sellaraayirunnu, 2017 octoberil burchard cover cheytha 2017 vijaya maasikayile addehathinte mikacha moonnu bisinus, leadership pusthakangalil onnaayi aamason addehathe naamanirddesham cheythu, avide lekhanam addehathe lokathile ettavum uyarnna prathiphalam vaangunna prachodanaathmakavum vipanana parisheelakanumaayi namakaranam cheythu. oopraa winfrey nettvarkkumaayi chernnu addeham oonlain vyakthigatha vikasana kozhsukal ezhuthiyittundu. "oopra maasika addehathe" "vyakthiparamaaya valarchayude mekhalayile ettavum swaadheenamulla nethaakkalil oralaayi" "visheshippichu"."burchard oru podcastum hostucheyyunnu," "brundon shhow". currier. 19-aamm vayassil oru kaar apakadatthe athijeevichathu thante pradhana adhyapana chodyangalkku prachodanamaayi burchard udharikkunnu "njaan jeevichirunno? njaan snehicho? enikku prashnamaayirunno?"" addehathinte katha pankidunna oru viidiyoo 27 dashalakshathiladhikam kazhchakal nediyittundu. vidagtharude akkaadamiyudeyum uyarnna prakadanamulla akkaadamiyudeyum sthaapakanaanu burchard. rund pariseelana paripaadikalum vidyaarthikalkku bisinesses, samrambhakathvam, manahshaasthram, uthppaadanakshamatha, anunayippikkal ennivayil barchaardinte paadangal nalkunnu. 2011-ll barchaardinte randaamathe pusthakamaaya "dhii millionaire messenture" prasidheekarikkappedukayum "newyork times" bestt seller listtilum "dhii walstreet jenal", "usa tude", aamason ennivayilum "aidi1" ll athukayum cheythu.coom bestt seller listtukal. 2012-ll, "chaarj ningalkk jeevanullathayi thonnunna 10 human driveukal sajeevamaakkunnath" "walstreet jenal" bestt seller pattikayil #1 ethi. 2014ll, "dhii motiveshan manifesto" newyork timesinte bestt seller pattikayil 32 aazhcha chelavazhichu. 2016ll, oopraa winfrey netvarkkinte suuppar soul 100ll amgamaayi burchard thiranjedukkappettu. 2017-ll, "uyarnna prakadana sheelangal" oru walstreet jenal bestt sellaraayi maarukayum aamasoninte "2017-leeii mikacha bisinus, leadership bukkukal" pattikayil #2 aayi maarukayum cheythu.

brendon berchard brendon berchard heey newyork timesche sarvadhik vikale jaanare lekhak aahet. tyanche taje pustak, uchch kamgirichya savayi, heey wall street journal bestseller hote aanee aktoobar 2017 madhye berchardla cover kelelya 2017 chya yash niyatkalikachya tyanchya pahilya teen vyavasay aanee netrutva pustakanpaiki eka mhanoon amazonne tyanna namankit kele hote, jithe lekhat tyanna jagatil sarvadhik mandhan ghenara prerak aanee vipanan prashikshak asey naav denyat aale hote. opra winfrey networks tyanni online vaiyaktik vikas abhyaskram lihile aahet. "oo. oo., opra masikane tyanna" vaiyaktik vikasachya kshetratil sarvat prabhavshali netyanpaiki eka "asey naav dile."berchard eka podcast dekhil hoost karato," "daad brendon shhow". karkird. vayachya 19 vya varshi jhalelya qaar apaghatatun vachalelya jivanacha ullekh karoon berchard tyachya shikavanyachya mukhya prashnansathi prerana mhanoon mhanatoh "mea jagalo qaa? mea prem kele qaa? mallah kahee farak padala qaa?"tyachi katha samayik karananya eka videola 27 dashalakshanhun adhik drushye midali aahet. berchard heey tadnya akadami aanee uchch kamgiri akadamiche sansthapak aahet. donhi prashikshan karyakram vidyarthyanna vyavasay, udhyojakta, manasshastra, utpadakta aanee munn valavanyache berchardche dhade pradan karatat. 2011 madhye, berchardche dusare pustak, 'daad millionaire messenger' prakashit jhaale aanee 'daad newyork times' chya best seller listmadhye tasech 'daad wall street journal', 'usa tude' aanee amazonvar pohochale.com bestseller yadee. 2012 madhye, 'daad chargeh daad 10 human drives activate karane jyamule tumhala jiwant vatate' heey 'daad wall street journal' chya bestseller yadeet #1 varr pohochale. 2014 madhye, 'prerana jahirnama' neey 'newyork times' chya best seller yadeet 32 aathvade ghalavale. 2016 madhye, berchardla opara winfrey networkchya super soul 100 chaa sadasya mhanoon naav denyat aale. 2017 madhye, 'uchch kamgirichya savayi' hii wall street journal best-seller bunley aanee amazonchya '2017 chya sarvottam vyavasay aanee netrutva pustakanchya' yadeet #2 hotee.

brendon berchard brendon berchard newyork timeska sabaibhanda dherai bikri hune lekhak hun. unko pachhillo pustak, uccha pradarshan bani, ek wall street journal bestseller thiyo rar october 2017 maa berchardlai kabhar gareko 2017 safalta patrikako unko shirsha tean wyapar rar netritwa pustakharu madhye ekko rupma amejandwara manonit garieko thiyo jahaan lekhle unlai wishwako sabaibhanda dherai bhuktan garne prerak rar marketing prashikshakko naam dieko thiyo. unle opra winfrey networksanga unline wyaktigat vikas pathyakramharu lekheka chhan. "o, opra patrikale unlai" wyaktigat wikasko kshetrama sabaibhanda prabhawashali netaharu madhye ek "naam diyo."berchardle podcast pani host gardacha", "brendon show. currier. berchardle 19 warshako umerma carr durghatanama baancheko kura afno mukhya shikshan prashnaharuko preranako rupma uddhrit garchhanh "key mahm baanchen? key maile prem garen? key maile farak pareko chhu?"" unko katha sajha garne bhidiole 27 millionbhanda badhi patak hereko chha. berchard visheshagya ekedemy rar uccha pradarshan ekedemyka sansthapak hun. duwai prashikshan karyakramharule vidyarthiharulai wyapar, udyamashilata, manovigyan, utpadakta, rar anunayama berchardko path pradan gardacha. sann 2011 maa, berchardko dosro pustak, "da millionaire messenger" prakashit bhayo rar "da newyork times" best celler listka sathai "da wall street journal", "usa toode", rar amazonma #1 pugyo.cum bestseller suchiharu. sann 2012 maa, "shulkah 10 manav driveharu sakriya gardai jasle tapainlai jiwit mahasus garaunchha" "da wall street journal" bestseller suchima #1 pugyo. sann 2014 maa, "prerana ghoshanapatra" ley "newyork times" best-celler suchima 32 hapta bitaeko thiyo. sann 2016 maa, berchardlai opra winfrey networkko super sole 100 ko sadasya namit garieko thiyo. sann 2017 maa, "uccha pradarshan baniharu" wall street journal best-celler banyo rar amagenko "2017 ko sarwashreshtha wyapar rar netritwa pustakharu" suchima #2 thiyo.

brendon berchard brendon berchard heuchhanti nyujarka timeser jane sarbadhika bikri heuthiba lekhaka. tankara sadyatama pustaka, haai performances abhyasa, eka waal street journal best seller thila ebong 2017 rahr saphalata patrikara shrestha tinoti byabasai ebong netrutwa pustaka madhyaru gotie bhabare aamajan dwara manoneet hoithila jaahaa october 2017 ray barchardaku antarbhukta karithila jeunthare nibandhati tanku biswara sarbadhika parishramika preranadaji ebong marketing prashikhyaka bhabare namit karithila . shay opra winfre netawarka sahita unline byaktigata bikash pathyakrama rachna karichanti. "opra patrika tanku" byaktigata bikash khetrare sabutharu prabhabasali netamananka madhyaru jane "bolly namit karithila."berchard eka podcast madhya ayojan karanti," "brendon shoe" ". kyariyara. 19 barsha bajasare eka kaara durghatanaru banchiba taanka moulika sikhya prashna paain prerana bhabare berchard ullekha karichantih "mun banchithili kii? mun prem colly? mun kichhi gurutwa rakhithili kii?"taanka kahani seyara karuthiba eka bhidio 27 nijutaru adhika bhyu hassel karichhi. berchard heuchhanti bisheshagya ekademy ebong uccha pradarshan ekademira pratisthata. ubhaja prasikhyana karjyakram chhatrachhatrimananku byabasai, udyameeta, manobigyana, utpadakata ebong prarochana khetrare barchardanka sikhya pradan karithae. 2011 ray, barchardanka dwiteeja pustaka, "dee millionaire messanger" prakashita hoithila ebong "nyujarka timeser" sarbashrestha bikreta talikare tatha "dee waal street journal", "usa tude" ebong aamaajanare #1 ray pahanchithila .comm best seller talika. 2012 ray, "charjah 10 tii manab drive sakriya kariba jaahaa aapananku jibanta anubhaba kare" "waal street journal" best seller talikare #1 ray pahanchithila . 2014ray, "prerana istahara" nyujarka timeser sarbadhika bikri talikare 32 saptaha bitaithila. 2016 ray, barchardanku opra winfre netawarkara super soal 100 rahr sadasya bhabare namit karajaithila. 2017 ray, "uccha pradarshan abhyasa" eka waal street journal sarbashrestha-bikreta hoigala ebong amajanara "2017 rahr sarbashrestha byabasai ebong netrutwa pustaka" talikare #2 thila .

brendon berchard brendon berchard ikk newyork times daa sabh toon vaddh vikann vaala lekhak haii. uss dee navintam kitaab, ucch pardarshan deeaan aadatan, ikk vaal street journal bastseller see atey aimazan duaara aktubar 2017 witch uss dee 2017 dee safalta magazine dee choti deeaan tinn vaparak atey leadership kitaban vicchon ikk vajon namzad keeti gaee see jiss witch uss neey berchard noon cover keeta see jitthe lekh neey uss noon dunia daa sabh toon vaddh tankhah vaala prerak atey marketing trainer namzad keeta see. uss neey opra winfrey network naal online nijji vikas course likhe hunn. "ou, opra magazine neey uss noon" nijji vikas dey khetar witch sabh toon prabhavshali netavan vicchon ikk "daa naam ditta."berchard ikk podcast dee mezbani vee karda haii, "brendon shoa. carrier. berchard neey 19 saal dee umar witch ikk qaar hadse witch bache rahinn daa havala dinde hoye aapne mukkh adhiaapan parshanan dee prerna dittia "qee main jiunda riha? qee main piaar keeta? qee mainoon koee farak piaa?"uss dee kahani noon sanjha curran vaale ikk vdo noon 27 million toon vaddh vaar dekhiaa jaa chukka haii. berchard mahr academy atey ucch pardarshan academy daa sansthapak haii. doven sikhlai program vidiaarthiaan noon carobar, uddmata, manovigiaan, utpadakta atey preran witch berchard dey sabak pardan karde hunn. saal 2011 witch, berchard dee duji kitaab, "karodpati messanger" prakashit keeti gaee see atey "newyork times" dee sarbottam vikreta suchi dey naal-naal "vaal street journal", "usa toode" atey aimazan utte pahunch gaee see.com bastseller suchiaan. 2012 witch, "chargeou 10 manukkhi drivan noon sargaram karna joe tuhanun zinda mahisus karvaundiyan hunn" "vaal street journal" bastseller suchi witch #1 takk pahunch gaee. 2014 witch, "prerna manifesto" neey "newyork times" dee sabh toon vaddh vikann vaali suchi witch 32 hafte bitaae. saal 2016 witch, berchard noon opra winfrey network dey super soul 100 daa member namzad keeta giaa see. 2017 witch, "ucch pardarshan deeaan aadatan" ikk vaal street journal baist-sailar bann gaee atey aimazan dee "2017 deeaan sarbottam carobar atey agvai deeaan kitaban" dee suchi witch aaee. dee. 1. see.

brendon berchard brendon berchard nyuyaark-tams-patrikaayaah sarwaadhikawikrayamaanah lekhakah asti. tasya naveenatamam pustakam, hai-performance-tates, wall-street-journal-bestseller aasit, tathaa cha 2017 october-maase berchard iti prakashitasya 2017 safalataasaahityasya sheershatrayeshu vyaapaar-netrutva-pustakeshu anyatamaroopen amazon ityanena naamaankitam aasit, yatra lekhah tam vishvasya sarvaadhikam vetanam praaptam preraka-vipanan-prashikshakah iti namakaranam krutavaan. saha opraa winfrey-jaalasy sangatanena anlain-vyaktigata-vikasa-pathyakraman alikhat. "o, opraa-patrikaa", tam "vyaktigatavikaasasya kshetre prabhaavashaalishu netrushu anyatamah iti namakam dattavatee."berchard" iti podcast api aayojayati, "da brendon sho" iti. vruttihi. berchard ityeshah 19 varsheeyasya kaar-durghatanaa-jeevitasya mool-shikshan-prashnanam prerane uddhrutavaan yat, "aham jeevam asti vaa? aham prema krutavaan vaa? aham mahattvam jaanaami vaa?"tasya kathaa panktaye veediyo 27 dashalakshat adhikaah drushyaan praapnot. berchard ityeshah visheshajna-akadami, uccha-pradarshana-akadami cha samsthaapakah asti. prashikshanakaaryakramau dwau api chhaatraah vyaapaarasy, udyamashilatayaha, manovidnyaanasya, utpadakatayaha, prerane cha berchard ityasya paataan pradaasyanti. 2011 tame varshe, berchard ityasya dwiteeyam pustakam, "da millioner messenger" prakaashitam, "da nyuyaark tams" ityasya sarvaadhikavikretrushu suchyam, "da wall street journal", "yoo. ess. e toodey", amazon cha ityatra cha #1 ityatra praapnot.kaam-bestseller-soochayah. 2012 tame varshe, "da chaarjh-10 human draves yaani bhavantam jivantan bhaavayanti taan sakriyam kurwantah" iti "da wall street journal" ityasya bestseller-suchyam #1 ityatra aagatah. 2014 tame varshe "da motivation manifesto" iti patrikaa "da nyuyaark tams" ityasya sarvaadhikavikretrushu suchyam 32 saptaahaani vyatitavatee. 2016 tame varshe, berchard opraa winfrey-jaalasy soopar sole-100 ityasya sadasyah iti namankitaha. 2017 tame varshe, "uccha-pradarshana-abhyaasaah" wall-street-journal-best-celler-rupena parinataah, tathaa cha amazon-ityasya "2017 tamasya varshasya sarvottama-vyaapaar-netrutva-pustakanam" suchyam #2 iti sthaanam avaapnot.

brendon burchard brendon burchard oru newyorg times sirantha virpanaiyaana ezhuththaalar aavaar. avarathu sameepathiya puththagam, uyar seyalthiran pazhakkavazhakkangkal, oru wall street journal bestcheller mattrum amesaanaal 2017 vettrip paththirigaiyin avarathu muthal moontru vaniga mattrum thalaimai puththagangkalil ontraaka parinthuraikkappattathu, october 2017 ill bursert ulladakkiyathu, angku katturai avarai ulagin miga adhiga uuthiyam perum undhuthal mattrum santhaippaduththal payirchiyaalar endru peyarittathu. avar oopraa winfrey netvorkkudan anline thanipatta maempaattu padippugalai ezhuthiyullaar. "ooo, oopraa paththirigai, avarai" thanipatta valarcchith thuraiyil migavum selvaakku mikka thalaivarkalil oruvar "endru peyarittathu."burchard oru poatkaastaiyum nadaththukiraar," "brendon show". thozhil. burchard thanathu 19 vayathil oru kaarr vibaththil thappippilaiththathai thanathu mukiya karpiththal kaelvigalukku uthvaegamaaga maerkoal kaattukiraar "naan vaazhnthaenaa? naan kathalithena? naan mukkiyama?"avarathu kadhaiyaip pagirnthu kollum veediyoa 27 milliyanukkum athigamaana paarvaikalaip pettrullathu. nipunar akaadami mattrum uyar seyalthiran akaadamiyin niruvanar burchard aavaar. irandu payirchith thittangalum vanigam, thozhilmunaivoar, ulaviyal, urpathtiththiran mattrum thoonduthal aagiyavattril maanavargalukku bursert paadangkalai vazhangkukintrana. 2011 aam aandil, bursardin irandaavathu puththagamaana "thii millionaire mesanjar" veliyidappattu "newyorg times" sirantha virpanaiyaalar pattiyalil "thii wall street journal", "yuu. ess. aee dude" mattrum amesan aagiyavattril #1 aii ettiyathu.kaam sirantha virpanaiyaalar pattiyalkal. 2012 aam aandil, "kattanam neengkal uyirudan unara vaikkum 10 manitha iyakkagangkalai seyalpaduththuvathu" "voal street journal" sirantha virpanaiyaalar pattiyalil #1 aii adainthathu. 2014 aam aandil, "undhuthal arikkai" 32 vaarangkal "newyorg times" sirantha virpanaiyaalar pattiyalil kazhiththathu. 2016 aam aandil, burchard oopraa winfrey netvorkin suuppar soal 100 inn uruppinaraaga peyaridappattaar. 2017 aam aandil, "uyar seyalthiran pazhakkavazhakkangkal" oru wall street journal best-sellaraaga maariyathu mattrum amazon "2017 aam aandin sirantha vaniga mattrum thalaimai puththagangkal" pattiyalil #2 aaga irunththathu.

brendon berchard brendon berchard newyork times loe atyadhikamgaa ammudaina rachayita. athani taja pustakam, hye performance alavaatlu, wall streat journal best sellar mariyu 2017 vijaya patrika yokka athani modati moodu vyapara mariyu nayakatva pustakaalalo okatigaa amazon chetha nominate cheyabadindi, october 2017 loe berchard cover cheyabadindi, akkada vyaasam atanni prapanchamlone atyadhika paaritoshikam teesukune preranaatmaka mariyu marketing sikshakudigaa perkondi. athanu opraa winfrey networktho online vyaktigata abhivruddhi korsulanu rachinchaadu. "opraa patrika", "vyaktigata abhivruddhi rangamlo atyanta prabhaavavantamaina naayakulalo okarigaa aayananu perkondi"."berchard oka podcast" "dhi brendon show" "nuu kooda nirvahistundi". vrutti. 19 samvatsaraala vayassulo kaaru pramaadamloo praanaalatoe bayatapadina berchard thana pradhana bodhanaa prasnalaku preranagaa perkonnaduh "neenu jeevinchaanaa? neenu preminchaanaa? neenu pattinchukunnana?"athani kathanu panchukune veediyo 27 millionlaku paiga veekshanhalanu sampaadinchindi. berchard nipunula academy mariyu adhika paniteeru academy vyavasthaapakudu. rendu sikshanaa karyakramalu vidyaarthulaku vyaparam, vyavasthaapakata, manastatvasaastram, utpaadakata mariyu oppimpuloo berchard paataalanu andistaayi. 2011loe, berchard yokka rendava pustakam, "dhi millionaire messenger" prachurinchabadindi mariyu "newyork times" best sellar jaabitaalo alaage "dhi wall streat journal", "usa tude", mariyu amazonlo #1 kuu cherukundi.com best sellar jaabitaalu. 2012loe, "chaarjh meeru sajeevamgaa anubhooti chendhe 10 maanava drivelanu sakriyam cheyadam" "dhi wall streat journal" best sellar jaabitaalo #1 kii cherukundi. 2014loe, "dhi motivation manifesto" "newyork times" best sellar jaabitaalo 32 vaaralu gadipindi. 2016loe, berchard opraa winfrey network yokka suupar soal 100loe sabhyudiga empikayyaadu. 2017loe, "adhika paniteeru alavaatlu" wall streat journal best sellarga maarindi mariyu amazon yokka "2017 yokka uttama vyapara mariyu nayakatva pustakaalu" jaabitaalo #2 gaa undhi.

brenden birchard brenden birchard neoyork times kay sabb say ziyadah farokhat honay waalay masnaf haine. inn kii taazah tareen kitaab aalee karkardgi kii aadaat waal strait journal best celler thee aur emizon nay inhein aktobar 2017 mein bachard kaa ahatah karnay waalay 2017 kay kamiyabi kay megzin kii inn kii teen sarfehrist karobari aur qayadat kii kitaabon mein say eek kay toor parr namzad kiyaa thaa jehaan mazmun nay inhein duniya kaa sabb say ziyadah maawazah leenay waala moharrik aur marketing trainer qaraar diyaa thaa. inhon nay opra wanafari neet wark kay saath aann line personnel development courses likhay haine. "awa opra megzin nay inhein" zaati tarqi kay medaan mein sabb say ziyadah baasir rehnumaon mein say eek qaraar diyaa."birchard eek podd kaast" "brenden show" "kii mezbani bhee kartaa hay. carrier. birchard nay 19 saal kii amar mein eek kaar haadise mein bach jaanay kaa hawalah apnay bunyadi tadrisi sawalat kay liye tehreek kay toor parr diyaa: "kiyaa mein zindah rehaa? kiyaa mein nay mohabat kii? kiyaa majhay koyee farq padaa?"" iss kii kahaani shayer karnay waali eek video kuu 27 millin say ziyadah viewz mill chakay haine. birchard mahireen kii academy aur aalee karkardgi kii academy kay baanee haine. donon tarbiti prograam talbaa kuu karobar karobar nafsiyaat paidawariyat aur qayel karnay mein birchard kay asbaaq farahim kartay haine. 2011 mein birchard kii dosri kitaab "dee millinaire messinger" shaye hoyee aur "neoyork times" kii sabb say ziyadah farokhat honay waali fehrist kay saath saath "waal strait journal"yee "yuu aiss aey tuday"yee aur emizon parr #1 takk pahunch gayee.com best celler kii fehristein. 2012 mein "chaarij: 10 insani drives kuu chaalo karnaa juu aap kuu zindah mahsus kartay haine" "waal strait journal" kii sabb say ziyadah farokhat honay waali fehrist parr #1 takk pahunch gayaa. 2014 mein "moharrik kaa manshur" nay "neoyork times" kii sabb say ziyadah farokhat honay waali fehrist parr 32 haftay guzaray. 2016 mein birchard kuu opra wanafari neet wark kay spir soul 100 kaa rakan namzad kiyaa gayaa. 2017 mein "aalee karkardgi kii aadaat" waal strait journal best celler bunn gayee aur emizon kii "2017 kii behtareen buznis aur leadership buck" kii fehrist mein #2 thee.

fffc708a54e606ff52c91b12b22d320f27843d8383738324b2ee9dc40848e159

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki?curid=3262220

evanish

evanish English. Etymology. From , from , compare . See , . Verb. "Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of "", which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.<br>(See the entry for )" <includeonly></includeonly>

uri juwa ingraji. byutpotti. poraa, poraa, tulona korok. sauk, kriya. "ei prowexor aangxik baa xokolu 1913 sonor xongoskoronor poraa aamdani koraa hoise, ji etiya swotwadhikar mukto aaru xeyehe rajohuwa domainot aase. aamdani koraa xongyabur jothesto porimane puroni hoh 'bob paare, aaru jikunu xehotiya indriyo xompurnorupe onuposthito hoh' bob paare. (prowextu sauk) "

udhao korun ingrezi. byutpatti. theke, theke, tulna korun. dekhun, crea. "eyi entrir kichhu ongsho baa samasta ongsho 1913 saaler sanskaran theke amdani koraa hoyeche, jaa ekhon kopirait mukto ebong taai public domene royeche. amdanikrito sangyaguli ullekhjoggobhabe purano hotey paare ebong arow samprotik indriyaguli sampurnarupe onuposthito hotey paare. (err jonno probeshika dekhun) "

aveenay karoo angreji. vyutpatti. thee, thee, sarkhaamani karoo. juo, kriyapad. "aaa entrino aek bhaag athavaa tamaam bhaag 1913nee aavruttimathi aayaat karvaamaa aavyo chhe, jeey havey copyrite mukt chhe aneey tethee jaaher kshetramaa chhe. aayaat karelee vyakhyao nondhpaatra reete juunii thaee shake chhe, aneey koipan vadhu taajetarni indriyo sampurnpane khoote chhe. (maate entry juo) "

gayab hoe jaao angrezi. vyutpatti. seey, seey, tulanaa karein. dekhiye, kriya. "iss pravishti kaa kuchh yaa poori pravishti 1913 key sanskaran seey ayaat kii gaee haye, joe abb copyrite seey mukt haye aur isaliye saarvajanik kshetra mein haye. aayatit paribhaashaaen kaafee hudd taka purani hoe sakati hain, aur koee bhee aur haal kii indriyaan poori tarah seey gayab hoe sakati hain. (key liye pravishti dekhein) "

kanmareyaguvudu inglish. vyutpatti. ninda, ninda, holike maadi. nodi, kriyapada. "ee namoodina bhagashah athawa ellah bhagavannu 1913rahra aavruttiya" "dhii" "ninda aamadu maadikollalaagide, idu eega krutisvaamyadinda muktavaagide mattu aaddarinda saarvajanika valayadallide". aamadu madikonda vyaakhyaanagalu gamanarhavagi halataagirabahudu, mattu yaavude ittichina indriyagalu sampoornavaagi kaneyagirabahudu. (ee kurita namoodannu nodi)"

ivaan engleesh. padavyuthpathishaasthram. ninnu, ninnu, thaarathamyam cheyyuka. nokkoo. kriya. "eee entriyude bhaagamo muzhuvano 1913-leeii pathippil ninnu irakkumathi cheythathaanu, athu ippol pakarppavakaashamillaathathum athinaal pothu domainilaanu". irakkumathi cheytha nirvachanangal ganyamaayi kaalaharanappettathaakam, koodaathe ettavum puthiya indriyangal poornnamaayum illaathaayekkaam. (entry kaanuka) "

door qaraa ingraji. vyutpatti. pasoon, pasoon, tulana qaraa. bagha, kriyapad. "yaa nondicha kahee bhag kinwa serve bhag 1913 chya aavruttitun aayat karnyat aala aahe, joou aata copyrite mukt aahe aanee mhanoon sarvajanik domenmadhye aahe. aayat kelelya vyakhya lakshaniyaritya kalbahya jhalya asateel aanee aanakhi alikadil indriye purnapane gahal asoo shakatat. (yasathichi nond pahaa) "

ibhanis angreji. wyutpatti. batt, dekhi, tulana garnuhos. hernuhos. kriyapad. "yass prawishti ko bhag wa sabai 1913 ko sanskaranbata ayat garieko chha," "june ab pratilipi adhikarbata mukta chha rar tyasaile sarvajanik domenma chha. ayatit paribhashaharu ullekhaniya rupma purano huna sakchha, rar kunai pani halko indriyaharu purna rupma harairaheka huna sakchhan. (prawishti hernuhos) "

palajana karantu ingraji. byutpatti. thaaru, thaaru, tulana karantu. dekhantu, kriya. "ehi prabeshara kichhi ansha kimba samasta 1913 sanskaranaru amdani karajaichi, jaahaa bartamana kapirait mukta ebong tenu sarbajaneena domenare achhi . amdani karajaithiba sangya gudika bahu matrare puruna hoithaipare, ebong kaunasi sampratika indriya sampurna anupasthita thaipare. (paain prabeshika dekhantu) "

chhadd dio angrezi. shabdawali. toon, toon, tulna crow. dekho, kriaa. "iss entary daa hissa jaan saara hissa 1913 dey edition" "toon aayat keeta giaa haii, joe hunn copyright toon mukat haii atey iss laee jantak khetar witch haii. daramad keetiaan paribhashavan kaafi puraniaan hoow sakdiaan hunn, atey koee vee taaza indriaan puurii tarahan gaib hoow sakdiaan hunn. (laee entary dekho) "

evanishoho. anglabhashayam. vyutpattih. taha, taha, tulanam karotu. pashyatu. kriyaapadam. "asya pravishtihi bhaagah athavaa sampoornah 1913 tame varshe" "iti samskaranaat ayatitaha asti, yat adhunaa pratilipyaadhikaaramuktam asti, ataha saarvajanikakshetre asti. aayaatitavyaakhyaah bahudhaa aprachalitaani bhaveyuhu, adhunaatanaani indriyaah api purnataya anupasthitani bhaveyuhu. (pravishtim pashyatu) "

avizhththu vidungkal aangkilam. sorpirappiyal. irunthu, irunthu, oppidavum. paarungkal, vinaichchol. "inththa ulleettin oru pakuthi allathu anaiththum 1913 pathippilirunthu irakkumathi seiyappattullana, idhu ippoathu pathippurimai illaathathu, enavae podhu kazhaththil ullathu. irakkumathi seiyappatta varaiyaraikal kanisamaaga kaalaavathiyaanathaaga irukkalaam, maelum sameepathiya pulangal muttrilum kaanaamal poagalaam. (nuzhaivaip paarkkavum)"

evinesh aanglam. vyutpatti. nundi, nundi, polchandi. chudandi. kriya. "eee namodulo kontha bhaagam ledhaa mottam 1913 edition nundi digumati cheyabadindi, idhi ippudu copyrite rahitamgaa undhi mariyu anduvalla public domainlo undhi. digumati chesukunna nirvachanalu gananeeyamgaa paatavi kaavacchu, mariyu iteevali indriyaalu puurtigaa kanipinchakapovacchu. (kosam namodu chudandi) "

agwada dain angrezi. siftiyat. say say mawaznah karein. dekhein. faal. "iss andraj kaa kachh hasah yaa tamaam hasah 1913 kay edition say daraamad kiyaa gayaa hay juu abb kaapi raait say paak hay aur iss liye awami domain mein hay. daraamad shadah tareefain numayan toor parr praani how sakti haine aur koyee bhee haaliyah hawaas makmal toor parr ghaib how saktay haine. (andraj dekhein) "

fffc79ae5e1ea58efc96bf0d03d136aed956d240d61c815b755fc79e9c1da473

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1113588

Chris Albertson

Chris Albertson Music journalist, writer and record producer Christiern Gunnar Albertson (October 18, 1931 – April 24, 2019) was a New York City-based jazz journalist, writer and record producer. Early life. Albertson was born in Reykjavík, Iceland, on October 18, 1931, but his father left the family before he was a year old. Yvonne, his mother, married three more times. He was educated in Iceland, Denmark and England before studying commercial art in Copenhagen. In 1947, while living in Copenhagen, Albertson listened by chance to a Bessie Smith recording on radio; it led to an abiding interest in jazz and blues music. "We found magic in such names as Kid Ory, King Oliver, Johnny Dodds, Bessie Smith and Ma Rainey," he wrote on his "Stomp Off" blog in 2010. On his home tape machine, Albertson recorded visiting British New Orleans revivalists Ken Colyer, Chris Barber and Lonnie Donegan in 1953. These recordings were subsequently released on the Danish Storyville Records and British Tempo Records labels. Career. In 1957, after two years as a disc jockey for Armed Forces Radio at Keflavík Air Base, in Iceland, Albertson migrated to the United States, initially working for radio stations in Philadelphia. At WCAU (a CBS affiliate) and WHAT-FM, a 24-hour jazz station, he conducted interviews, including one with Lester Young, one of only two extant with the tenor saxophonist. He was naturalised as an American citizen in 1963. In 1960–61, Albertson was employed by Riverside Records' Bill Grauer as a producer. In this capacity, he arranged and recorded the last sessions of blues singer Ida Cox (whom he brought out of retirement) and boogie-woogie pianist Meade Lux Lewis, and supervised the label's 'Living Legends' series of location recordings. The initial albums in this series were made in New Orleans and featured such early jazz musicians as pianist Sweet Emma Barrett, clarinetist Louis Cottrell, Jr., trumpeters Percy Humphrey and Kid Thomas, blues duo Billie and De de Pierce, and trombonist Jim Robinson. He continued the series in Chicago, with performances by Lil Armstrong, Alberta Hunter, Little Brother Montgomery, and Earl Hines. Albertson subsequently worked as producer for Prestige Records, supervising sessions by, among others, guitarist/singer Lonnie Johnson, whom he had pulled from obscurity while working in Philadelphia. He also founded his own production company, supervising sessions with Howard McGhee, Roy Eldridge, Bud Freeman, Ray Bryant, and Elmer Snowden. In the mid-1960s, Albertson worked at NYC radio station WNEW, leaving there for Pacifica Radio's NY station WBAI, where he eventually became General Manager. In 1967, he worked for the BBC in London, advising them on how to adapt their radio programs for sale in North America. In 1971, Albertson co-produced and hosted "The Jazz Set", a weekly television program that was aired from coast to coast by Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) Public television and featured such guests as Charles Mingus, Bill Evans, Randy Weston, Jimmy Heath, and Ray Bryant. At this time, he was also producing reissues for Columbia Records, including the complete Bessie Smith LP sets. His work on these albums won Albertson 1971 two Grammy awards (one in the Best Album Notes category for "The World's Greatest Blues Singer" and a Grammy Trustees Award), a Billboard Trendsetter Award and the Montreux Jazz Festival's Grand Prix du Disque. His standard work, "Bessie", a biography of Bessie Smith, first appeared in 1972, with a revised and expanded version published by Yale University Press in 2003. The revised biography was inducted into the Blues Foundation's Blues Hall of Fame in the "Classic of Blues Literature Hall of Fame" category in May 2012. In 2015, HBO premiered a biopic, "Bessie", starring Queen Latifah in the title role, but Albertson's book was not credited as its basis. Albertson wrote television documentaries, including "The Story of Jazz" and "My Castle's Rocking" (a bio-documentary on Alberta Hunter), as well as articles and reviews for various publications, including "Saturday Review" and "Down Beat". He was a contributing editor for "Stereo Review" magazine for 28 years. Albertson was found dead in his Manhattan apartment on April 24, 2019. Notes. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

crich albertson christiern gunnar albertson (18 octobor, 1931-24 april, 2019) nework sohorot owosthito ejon jez xangbadik, lekhok aaru obhilekh projujok aasil. prarombhik jiwan. 1931 sonor 18 octoborot icelandor rekjabhikot elbertsonor jonmo hoisil, kintu teur pitriye ebosor boyox huwar aagotei poriyal eri goisil. teur maatri ibhone aaru tinibar biyaa koraisil. teu kuponhegonot banijyik kolaa odhyoyon korar aagote iceland, denmark aaru englandot xikhyito hoisil. 1947 sonot, kuponhegonot baax kori thokar xomoyot, albertsone readyo 'too etaa besi smith recordingor kotha xujugere xunisil; iyar folot jez aaru blues xongitor proti ek sthayi aagrohor sristi hoisil. "aami kidd ori, king olibhar, johnny dods, besi smith aaru maa reinir dore naamot jaadu paisilu", teu 2010 sonot teur "stomp off" blogoto likhisil. teur ghoruwa tape machinot, 1953 sonot elbertsone bhromon koraa britis niu orlinsor punorujjibito kormi kenn koliyar, crich barbar aaru lonee dodd 'gaan record korisil. ei recordingbur poroborti xomoyot denis sto' reville record aaru britis tempu record labelot mukoli koraa hoisil. keriyar. 1957 sonot icelandor keflavic eyar besot xoxostro bahinir readyo 'ror disk jokee hisape dubosor kaam korar pisot albertsone aamerikaloi probrojon korisil, aarombhonite philadelphiat readyo' stationor baabe kaam korisil. wakau (etaa chi. bi. ess. onumudit) aaru waat-fm, etaa 24 ghontar jez stationot, teu xakhyatkar loisil, jaar bhitorot etaa lester iyongro xoite aasil, tenar sexuphonistor xoite thoka maatro dutar bhitorot etaa aasil. 1963 sonot teuk aamerikar nagorik hisape prakritik koraa hoisil. 1960-61 too, albersonok nodir paaror recordor bill gruware ejon utpadok hisape niyug korisil. ei khyomotat, teu blues gayok idaa cox (jaak teu owoxoror poraa uliyai aane) aaru bugee-ugee piyanubadok mede laaks liuisor ontim odhibexonxomuhor aayujon aaru record korisil, aaru labelor 'live legends' sringkholar owosthan recordingxomuhor totwawodhan korisil. ei sringkholar prarombhik elbambur niu orolinxot nirman koraa hoisil aaru iyat piyanubadok suit emaa beret, clainitist luis koo 'trail, je aaroror dore prarombhik jez xongitogyoxokolor boixistyo aasil., trumpeter parchi humphrey aaru kidd thomas, blues duo 'billy aaru di pirch, aaru trombonisto jim robinson. teu sikagut lill armstrong, alberta honter, xoru bhatri montgomeri aaru aarl heinsor poriwexonor xoite sringkholatu obyahot rakhisil. poroborti xomoyot albertsone protisthito recordor baabe projujok hisape kaam korisil, aanxokolor bhitorot giterbadok/gayok lonee jonosonor dwara odhibexonxomuhor nirikhyon korisil, jaak teu philadelphiat kaam korar xomoyot ospostotar poraa aatorai uliyaisil. teu nijor projujona companyu protistha korisil, haward mekgi, roy aldries, bodd freeman, rey bryant aaru elmar snodenor xoite odhibexonxomuhor totwawodhan korisil. 1960-ror doxokor majbhagot elbertsone newisi readyo 'stationot kaam korisil, taat posifika readyo' ror niui steson wabailoi guchi goisil, zo 'too owoxexot teu xadharon byowosthapok hoisil. 1967 sonot teu londonot bibisir baabe kaam korisil, uttor aamerikat bikrir baabe teulukor readyo 'karzoxusibur kenedore obhijujit koribo laage taar uporot poramorxo disil. 1971 sonot elbertsone "dyo jez set" naamor ek xaptahik television onusthanor xoho-projujona aaru aayujon korisil, jitu rajohuwa xomprosar xewa (pi. bi. ess.) rajohuwa televisionor dwara upokulor poraa upokuloloi xomprosarito hoisil aaru iyat charls mingus, bill evance, rendy weston, jimi heath, aaru rey bryantor dore otithixokolok dekhuuwa hoisil. ei xomoyot, teu kolombiya recordor baabe punor prostut korisil, jaar bhitorot aasil xompurno besi smith elpi set. ei elbamburor uporot teur kaamoi 1971 sonot dutaa gremi botaa ("biswor xorbosrestho blues gayok" ror baabe shrestho elbam noot shrenit etaa aaru gremi trusty botaa), etaa bilobo 'rd trendsetar botaa aaru montrax jez festivalor grand prix du disk laabh korisil. teur maanok kaam, "besi", besi smithor jiwani, prothombaror baabe 1972 sonot prokax paisil, 2003 sonot yel biswobidyaloyor presor dwara prokaxito ek xongxudhito aaru xomproxarito xongoskoronor xoite. xongxudhito jiwonitu 2012 sonor mey 'maahot "classic owo blues litoresar holl owo fame" shrenit blues foundationor blues holl owo femot ontorbhukto koraa hoisil. 2015 sonot, eisobio "-e etaa bayupik," besi "primiyar korisil, zo" too xirxok soritrot rani letifahe obhinoy korisil, kintu albertonor kitapkhonok iyar aadhar hisape krititwo diya huwa nasil. elbertsone television tothyositro likhisil, jaar bhitorot aase "dyo sto 'ree owo jez" aaru "maai kesols rocking" (elberta honteror uporot etaa joibo-tothyositro), logote "xonibare punorikhyon" aaru "daaun beat" xoho bibhinno prokaxonor baabe probondho aaru porzaluchona. teu 28 bosor dhori "steriu ribhiu" alusonir ejon obodankari xompadok aasil. 2019 sonor 24 aprilot albertsonor manhatonor apartmentot mrito owosthat uddhar hoisil.

criss albertson christin gunnar albertson (18ee octobor, 1931-24shhey april, 2019) neu eork shohorer ekjon jyaja sangbadik, lekhok ebong record projojok chhilen. prathomik jeebon. albertson 1931 saaler 18ee octobor icelander reikzavik shohore jonmogrohon corren, kintu taanr baba eka bochor boyoser agei poribar chhede choley zaan. taar maa evone arow tinbar biye korechilen. tini koponhegane banijyik shilp adhyayan korar agey iceland, denmark ebong englande shikkhito chhilen. 1947 saale, koponhegane bosobaser somoy, albertson bessie smither redio recording shunechilen; etty jyaja ebong blues sangiter proti ekti sthayi agroher dike porichalito korechilo. "amra kidd ori, king oliver, johnny dods, bessie smith ebong maa reinir moto naame jadu khunje paai", tini 2010 saale taanr "stomp off" blogge likhechilen. 1953 saale albertson taanr home tape meshine british neu orlinser punarujjibanbadi keena collier, criss barber ebong lonny dodenke record corren. eyi recordinguli porobortikale dannish storoville record ebong british tempo record lebele prokashito hoy. karmajiban. 1957 saale, icelander keflavic biman ghantite soshostro bahinir radior jonno disk jockie hisabe dui bochor porr, albertson markin juktorashtre choley zaan, prathomikbhabe philadelphier redio stationgulir jonno kaaj corren. dablu. shee. ayee. eu (ekti cbs onumodito) ebong hoat-fm, ekti 24-ghanta jyaja steshana, tini sakkhatkar porichalona korechilen, jaar modhye lester eong-err saathe ekti, tenor saxophonister saathe vidyaman matro dutir modhye ekti. 1963 saale tini ekjon markin nagrik hisebe swabhabik hoye othen. 1960-61-ayee, albertson reverside recorder bill grayer dwara projojok hisabe nijukto chhilen. eyi khomotar modhye, tini blues gayak ida coaks (jaake tini abosar theke berr korey enechilen) ebong buggy-ugi pianobadok miday luxes louiser shesh adhibeshangulir byabostha ebong record korechilen ebong lebeler 'live kingbadanti' sirijer abosthan recordinger tadarki korechilen. eyi sirijer prathomik albumguli neu orleans-ayee toiri koraa hoyechilo ebong pianobadok mishti emaa barret, clarinatist lui cottrell, junior moto prathomik jyaja sangitshilpider baisistyajukta koraa hoyechilo.trumpetters percy humphrey ebong kidd thomas, blues duo billy ebong dii pears ebong trombonist zima robbinson. tini shikagote lill armstrong, alberta hunter, chhoto bhai montgomeri ebong ayarla heinser performancer saathe sirijti chaliye zaan. albertson porobortikale khyati recorder projojok hisabe kaaj korechilen, onnoder modhye guiterbadok/gayak lonny johnsoner dwara sessionguli tottabodhan korechilen, jaanke tini philadelphia kaaj korar somoy osposhtota theke tenechilen. tini taanr nijaswa prajojana sangosthao protistha korechilen, haward mcgie, roy eldries, bodd freeman, reey bryant ebong elmer snodener saathe adhibeshangulir tadarki korechilen. 1960-err doshoker majhamajhi somoye, albertson newyork redio statione kaaj corren, sekhane pacific radior neui steshana dablubaier jonno chhede deena, jekhane tini shesh porjonto general manager hohn. 1967 saale, tini londone bibisir jonno kaaj corren, uttor america bikrir jonno taader redio programguli kibhabe abhijojito korte hoy seey somporke poramorsho deena. 1971 saale, albertson "dya jyaja seeta" soho-prajojana oo uposthapona corren, ekti saptahik television anusthan jaa public broadcasting service (pbs) public television dwara upokul theke upokul porjonto procharito hoyechilo ebong etey charles mingus, bill evance, randy weston, jimmy heath ebong reey bryanter moto atithira uposthito chhilen. eyi somoye, tini kalambia recorder jonno sampurna bessie smith elpi seeta soho punra prokasho korchilen. eyi albumgulite taanr kaaj 1971 saale duti grammy puraskar ("bishwer sorboshrestho blues gayak"-err jonno sera album note bibhage ekti ebong ekti grammy trusty puraskar), ekti billboard trendsetter puraskar ebong montrex jyaja utsaber granned prix doo disk jitechilo. taanr standard kaaj, "bessie", bessie smither ekti jeeboni, prothom prokashito hoy 1972 saale, ekti sangshodhito ebong somprosarito sanskaran 2003 saale iyela vishwavidyalaya presha dwara prokashito hoy. sangshodhito jeeboniti 2012 saaler meey maase "classic off blues literature holl off phema" bibhage blues foundationer blues holl off feme antarbhukta koraa hoy. 2015 saale, eichbio ekti biopic, "bessie" premiere korey, jaa shironam bhumikai runny latifa abhineet, kintu albertsoner boitike err vitti hisabe krititto deoa hoyney. albertson television documentary likhechen, jaar modhye royeche "dya story off jyaja" ebong "maai castle 'shha raqim" (alberta hunter upor ekti bayo-documentary), pashapashi "sattereday review" ebong "daaun bitt" soho bivinno prokashonar jonno nibondho ebong porjalochona. tini 28 bochor dhorey "stereo review" magaziner ekjon abodankari sompadok chhilen. albertsonke 2019 saaler 24shhey april taar manhatoner apartmente mrito abosthai pawa yaay.

criss albertson christine gunnar albertson (18 october, 1931-24 april, 2019) nyu york ciity stheet jaaz patrakaar, lekhak aneey reqorda nirmata hataa. praarambhik jeevan. albertsonno janm 18 october, october roj rekjaavik, icelandma thayo hato, parantu temnaa pitaae aek varshnaa thayaa pahelaa jaj parivaar chhodi deedho hato. tenee maataa yavonae vadhu trana vakhat lagna karyaa hataa. kopanheganmaa vyaavsaayik kalaano abhyaas kartaa pahelaa temane iceland, denmark aneey englandma shikshan melavyu hatoo. hatoo, kopanheganmaa raheta, albertsne rediyo parr besee smith recordingne taka dwara saambhalyu; teey jaaz aneey blues sangeetma kaayamee rus taraf doree gayoo. "amane kida or, king olivara, johnny dods, besee smith aneey meey renee jevaa naamoma jaadu jovaa malyo", temane 2010 maan temnaa "stomp off" blooga parr lakhyu hatoo. temnaa hooma tape machine parr, albertsne albertsne british nyu orleansna punrutthaanvaadio qena collier, criss barber aneey lonee dodenni mulakat leedhi hatee. aaa recordings pachhithi dennish storyville records aneey british tempo records labels parr rajoo karvaamaa aavee hatee. karkirdi. karkirdi, icelandma caflavic air bays khaate sashastr dalonaa rediyo maate disk jokey tareeke beey varsh pachhi, albertson united statesma sthalaantar karyoo, sharuaatmaa filadelfiyama rediyo stationo maate kaama karyoo. doubleu. see. oo. (cbs sanlagn) aneey 24 kalaaknaa jaaz station, whot-fm khaate, temane interview leedha, jemaa lester young saathena aek interviewno samaavesh thaay chhe, jeey tenor sexophonist saathe astitvamaa rahela maatra bemathi aek chhe. chhe temne american nagrik tareeke swaabhaavik banavvama aavyaa hataa. 1960-61 maan, albertsonne nadeena keenare rekordnaa bill grayer dwara utpaadak tareeke niyukt karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. aaa kshamtama, temane blues gaayak idaa coaks (jaimne teo nivruttimathi bahaar laavya hataa) aneey boogi-voogi piyanovadak meede lucks louisna chhella satroni vyavastha curry aneey reqorda karyaa, aneey lableni 'jivant dantkathaao' shreneena sthaan recordingni dekhrekh raakhi. aaa shreneena praarambhik albums nyu orleansma banavvama aavyaa hataa aneey temaa piyanovadak sweet emma barrett, clarenatist luis cottrell, juniyar jevaa praarambhik jaaz sangeetkaaro darshavvama aavyaa hataa., trumpetters persey humphrey aneey kida thomas, blues jodee biilii aneey dii pears, aneey trombanist jima robinson. temane shikagoma lill armstrong, alberta hunter, naana bhaai montgomerry aneey earl heinsnaa pradarshan saathe shrenee chaalu raakhi. albertsne tyarbad pratishthit records maate nirmata tareeke kaama karyoo hatoo, gitaarvaadak/gaayak lonee johnson dwara satroni dekhrekh raakhi hatee, jaimne temane filadelfiyama kaama karatee vakhate aspashtatathi door karyaa hataa. temane potaani production companyni pann sthaapnaa curry, jemaa temane haward mcgee, roya aldridge, budd freeman, reey bryant aneey elmer snoden saathe satroni dekhrekh raakhi. raakhi daykana madhyamaa, albertsne envaaysee rediyo station doubluenue khaate kaama karyoo hatoo, aneey tyaan paciphic rediyonaa envaay station doubleuby maate chhodi didhu hatoo, jyaan teo aakhare general manager banyaa hataa. hataa, temane londonma bbc maate kaama karyoo hatoo, aneey temne uttar americama vechaan maate temnaa rediyo kaarykramone kevee reete sweekarva teey ange salah aapee hatee. kaaryane, albertsne "jaaz seeta" noon saha-nirmaan aneey aayojan karyoo hatoo, jeey aek saaptaahik television kaarykram hato jeey jaaher prasaaran sevaa (pii. bii. aesa.) jaaher television dwara dariyakinarethi dariyakinare prasaarit karvaamaa aavyo hato aneey temaa charles mingus, bill evance, rendy weston, jimmi heath aneey reey bryant jevaa mahemaanone darshavvama aavyaa hataa. aaa samaye, teo kolambiya records maate sampoorn besee smith aela. pii. seeta saheet punahmudran pann curry rahyaa hataa. aaa aalbamo parnaa temnaa kaaryane kaaryane beey grammy award ("vishvanaa sauthee mahaan blues gaayak" maate shreshth album notes shreneema aek aneey grammy trusty award), billboard trendsator award aneey montrax jaaz festivalnaa grand prix duu disk jeetya hataa. temnu pramanbhut kaary, "besee", besee smeethnu jivancharitra, saupratham saupratham yaale university presa dwara dwara prakashit sudharel aneey vistrut sanskaran saathe dekhaayu hatoo. sudharel jivancharitrane meey meey "classic off blues literature holl off phema" shreneema blues foundation blues holl off femamaa saamel karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. hatoo, aechbeeoae sheershak bhoomikama raanee latifa abhineet biopic "besee" noon premiere karyoo hatoo, parantu albertsonna pustakne tenaa aadhaar tareeke shrey aapvama aavyo naa hato. albertsne television dastaveji filmo lakhee hatee, jemaa "jaaznee vaarta" aneey "maay kesal rocking" (alberta sheekari parr bayo-dastaveji), temaj "shanivaarni samiksha" aneey "daaun beat" saheet viveedh prakashno maate lekho aneey sameekshao saamel chhe. teo 28 varsh sudhee "stereo review" magazine maate yogdaan aapnaar sampaadak hataa. albertson 24 april, april roj tenaa manhutton apartmentma mrut haalatmaa malee aavyo hato.

criss albertson christian gunnar albertson (18 octuber, 1931-24 aprail, 2019) newyork shahar key jaiz patrakaar, lekhak aur record nirmaata they. praarambhik jeevan. albertson kaa janm 18 octuber, 1931 koo rexavic, iceland mein huaa thaa, lekin unake pitaa ney ack saal kii umr seey pahale hii parivaar chhod diyaa thaa. usaki maan yavon ney teen baar aur shaadi kii. coppenhagen mein vaanijyik kalaa kaa adhyayan karane seey pahale unhone iceland, denmark aur ingland mein shiksha praapt kii thee. 1947 mein, coppenhagen mein rahate hue, albertson ney radio parr ack besi smith recording koo sanyog seey sunaa; isase jaiz aur blues sangeet mein ack sthaayi ruchi paida hui. "hamein bachche key aurie, king oliver, johnny dods, besi smith aur maa renee jaise naamon mein jaadoo milaa", unhone 2010 mein apane "stump off" blogg parr likhaa. apane ghar kii tape machine parr, albertson ney 1953 mein british nyu orleans key punarutthaanvaadi caine collier, criss barber aur loney dodden koo record kiya. inn recording koo baad mein dennish storyville record aur british tempo record label parr jaari kiya gayaa. carrier. 1957 mein, iceland mein keflavic air bases parr sashastr balon key radio key liye ack disk jockey key roop mein dou saal key baad, albertson sanyukt raajya america chaley gaye, shuru mein philadelphia mein radio stations key liye kaam curr rahey they. doubleu. see. aeye. yuu. (ack see. bee. aiss. sambaddh) aur 24 ghante key jaiz station, what-aff. aim. mein, unhone sakshatkar aayojit kiye, jisamen ack lester young key saath, kewal dou mein seey ack tenor saxophonist key saath maujood thaa. 1963 mein unhein ack americi nagrik key roop mein swabhavik roop seey ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa. 1960-61 mein, albertson koo nadee key kinare key record key bill grayer dwara ack nirmaata key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. iss kshamata mein, unhone blues gaayak idaa cox (jinhen unhone sevaanivritti seey baahar laaya) aur boogi-woogie piyanovadak meede luxes luis key antim satron kii vyavastha kii aur record kiya, aur label kii 'jeevit kinvadantiyon' kii sthaan recording kii shrinkhala kii nigrani kii. iss shrinkhala key praarambhik album nyu orleans mein banaae gaye they aur isamen piyanovadak sweet emma barrett, clarinatist luis cottrell, junier jaise shuruati jaiz sangeetkaar shamil they., trumpetters persey humphrey aur kidd thomas, blues jodee billy aur dee pears, aur trombonist zim robbinson. unhone shikago mein lill armstrong, alberta hunter, chhote bhaai montgomeri aur earl heins key pradarshan key saath shrinkhala jaari rakhee. albertson ney baad mein pratishtha record key liye nirmaata key roop mein kaam kiya, anya logon key beach, gitarvadak/gaayak loney johnson dwara satron kii nigrani kii, jinhen unhone philadelphia mein kaam karate hue aspashtata seey hataa liya thaa. unhone apani khud kii production company kii bhee sthaapana kii, jisamen howard mcgee, roy aldridge, budd freeman, ray bryant aur elmer snoden key saath satron kaa paryavekshan kiya gayaa. 1960 key dashak key madhya mein, albertson ney nyu york radio station mein kaam kiya, vahaan seey prashant radio key nyu york radio station key liye chaley gaye, jahan way antatah mahaprabandhak bunn gaye. 1967 mein, unhone landan mein bee. bee. see. key liye kaam kiya, unhein salah dee kii uttari america mein bikri key liye unake radio karyakramon koo kaise anukoolit kiya jaae. 1971 mein, albertson ney "dha jaiz sett" kaa saha-nirmaan aur mejbani kii, ack saptahik television karyakram joe saarvajanik prasaran seva (pee. bee. aiss.) saarvajanik television dwara tata seey tata taka prasaarit kiya gayaa thaa aur isamen charles mingus, bill evance, randy weston, jimi heath aur ray bryant jaise mehmann shamil they. iss samay, vaha columbia record key liye punah prakaashan bhee curr rahey they, jisamen poorna besi smith ell. pee. sett bhee shamil they. inn albums parr unake kaam ney 1971 mein dou grammy puraskar jeete ("duniya key sabse mahaan blues gaayak" key liye sarvshreshth album notes shreni mein ack aur grammy trusty puraskar), ack billboard trendsator puraskar aur montrax jaiz utsav kaa grand prix doo disk. unakaa maanak kaary, "besi", besi smith kii jeevani, pahali baar 1972 mein prakaashit hui, jisamen yell vishvavidyalaya press dwara 2003 mein prakaashit ack sanshodhit aur vistaarit sanskaran thaa. sanshodhit jeevani koo maee 2012 mein "classic off blues literature holl off fame" shreni mein blues foundation key blues holl off fame mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa. 2015 mein, aich. bee. oh. ney ack biopic, "besi" kaa premiere kiya, jisamen sheershak bhoomika mein raani lateefaa ney abhinay kiya, lekin albertson kii pustak koo isake aadhar key roop mein shreya naheen diyaa gayaa thaa. albertson ney television vrittachitra likhe, jinamen "jaiz kii kahani" aur "merey mahal kii rock" (alberta shikari parr ack jaiv-vrittachitra) key saath-saath "shaniwar kii sameeksha" aur "down beat" sahit vibhinn prakashanon key liye lekh aur sameekshaaen shamil hain. way 28 varshon taka "stereo review" patrika key liye ack yogdan sampaadak they. albertson 24 aprail, 2019 koo apane mainhattan apartment mein mrit paae gaye they.

criss albertson christian gunnar albertson (october 18,1931-april 24,2019) newyork nagara moolada jaajh patrakarte, barahagara mattu dhwanimudrana nirmaapakaraagiddaru. arambhika jeevana. albertson avaru october 18,1931 randu aislyaandna rekjaviknalli janisidaru, aadare avara tande avaru ondu varsha vayassinavaraguva modale kutumbavannu toredaru. avana taayi yavonne innoo mooru baari vivaahavaadalu. kopan haggen nalli vanijya kaleyannu adhyayana maaduva modalu avaru aislyand, denmark mattu englendnalli sikshana padedaru. 1947ralli, kopan haggen nalli vasisuttiddaga, albertson rediyodalli bessie smith dhwanimudranawannu aakasmikavaagi aalisidaru; idu jaajh mattu blues sangeetadalli nirantara aasaktiyannu untumaaditu. "naavu kid ori, king olivar, johnny dods, bessie smith mattu maa raini muntaada hesarugalalli magic annu kandukondiddeve" endu avaru 2010 ralli tamma "stamp off" blagnalli barediddaare. tanna home tape yantradalli, albertson 1953ralli british nyoo arleansna punarujjivanavadigalaada kenn collier, criss barber mattu loani dogan avarannu daakhalisidanu. ee dhwanimudranagalannu taruvaaya danish storiville records mattu british tempo records labelgalalli bidugade maadalaayitu. vrattijeevana. 1957ralli, aislyaandnalliruva keflavic vayuneleyalli sashastra padegala rediyoda disk jaaki aagi eradu varshagala nantara, albertson united statesge valase hodaru, aarambhadalli philadelphiyaadallina radeo kendragalige kelasa maadidaru. doubleu. sii. aa. yuu (cbs angasamsthe) mattu waat-eff. emm., 24 gantegala jaajh station, avaru sandarshanagalannu nadesidaru, idaralli lester yangnondige ondu, tenar saxophonist jote iruva kevala eradu sandarshanagalalli ondu. 1963ralli aata americada prajeyagi svabhavikavagi maarpattaru. 1960-61 nalli, albertson avarannu nadiya kadeya daakhalegala bill gruyer nirmaapakanaagi nemisikondiddaru. ee saamarthyadalli, avaru blues gayaka idaa cox (avarannu avaru nivruttiya nantara karetandaru) mattu boogie-voogee piano vaadaka meede luxes levis avara koneya sessiongalannu vyavasthegolisidaru mattu record maadidaru mattu labelna 'leaving legends' saraniya sthala recordingala melvichaarane maadidaru. ee saraniya arambhika aalbangalannu nyoo orleensnalli tayaarisalaayitu mattu piano vaadaka sweet emma barrett, clarinetist louis cottrell, junier muntaada arambhika jaajh sangeetagaararannu olagondittu., trumpeters pursey humphry mattu kid thamus, blues jodie billi mattu dii piers, mattu trombanist zim robbinson. avaru chikagodalli saraniyannu munduvaresidaru, idaralli lill armstrang, alberta hunter, chikka sahodara montgomeri mattu earl heins avara pradarshanagalu iddavu. albertson taruvaaya pratishtheya daakhalegaligaagi nirmaapakaraagi kelasa maadidaru, itarara jotege, guitar vaadaka/gayaka loani johnson avara adhiveshanagalannu melvichaarane maadidaru, avaru philadelfiyaadalli kelasa maduvaga aspashtateyinda horabandaru. avaru tamma swanta nirmaana kampaniyannu sthaapisidaru, hovard mcgee, raay eldridge, budd freeman, ray brant mattu elmer snoden avarondige sessiongalannu melvichaarane maadidaru. 1960rahra dashakada madhyabhaagadalli, albertson avaru envaisi radeo station dablyunyoodalli kelasa maadidaru, allie avaru peciphic rediyoda envai station dablyoobaayige teralidaru, allie avaru antimavagi general manager aadaru. 1967ralli, avaru landannalli bbcyalli kelasa maadidaru, uttara americadalli maratakke tamma radeo kaaryakramagalannu hege alavadisikollabeku embudara bagge avarige salahe niididaru. 1971ralli, albertson avaru "jaajh sett" emba saaptaahika duradarshana kaaryakramavannu saha-nirmisidaru mattu ayojisidaru, idu saarvajanika prasara seveyinda (pbs) saarvajanika dooradarshanadinda karaavaliyinda karaavalige prasaaravaayitu mattu charles mingus, bill evance, randi weston, jimmi heath mattu ray brant muntaada atithigalannu olagondittu. ee samayadalli, avaru columbia daakhalegaligaagi sampoorna bessie smith elpi setgalannu olagondante marumudranagalannu saha nirmisuttiddaru. ee aalbangala melina avara kelasavu 1971ralli eradu grammy prashastigalannu ("vishvada shreshtha blues gayaka" gaagi atyuttama album tippanigala vibhagadalli ondu mattu grammy trusty prashasti), billboard trendsetter prashasti mattu montrex jaajh utsavada grand prix du disk annu geddukonditu. avara pramanita kruti, bessie smith avara jivanacharitre, bessie smith avara jivanacharitre, modala baarige 1972 ralli kaanisikonditu, 2003 ralli yail university press prakatisida parishkruta mattu vistarita aavruttiyondige. parishkruta jivanacharitreyannu blues foundation blues haal off famegay mayee 2012 ralli "classic off blues literature haal off fame" vibhagadalli serisalaayitu. 2015 ralli, hebbo shirshike patradalli raani latifa natisida "bessie" emba jivanacharitreyannu prathama pradarshanagolisitu, aadare albertson avara pustakavannu adara aadhaaravendu pariganisalaagalilla. albertson dooradarshanada sakshyachitragalannu baredaru, idaralli "jaajh kathe" mattu "mye cassels rocking" (alberta hunter kurita jaivika-daakhalegalu), jotege "satterday review" mattu "down beat" seridante vividha prakatanegalige lekhanagalu mattu vimarshegalu serive. avaru 28 varshagala kaala "stereo review" niyatakaalikeya koduge sampaadakaraagiddaru. albertson avaru 2019rahra april 24randu tamma manhatton apartmentnalli shavavagi patteyagiddaru.

kriss albertson newyork nagaratthile jaas pathrapravartthakayum ezhuthukaariyum record nirmmathaavumaayirunnu kristyarn gunnar albertson (october 18,1931-epril 24,2019). aadyakaala jeevitam. 1931 october 18 nuu aislaandile raikjaavikkil albertson janichuvenkilum addehathinu oru vayass thikayunnathinumumbu pithaav kudumbam upekshichu. amma yvon moonnu thavana koodi vivaham kazhichu. coppenhagenil vaanijyakala padikkunnathinu munbu addeham island, denmark, englandu ennividangalil vidyaabhyaasam nedi. 1947ll, coppenhagenil thaamasikkumbol, albertson radioyil oru besi smith recording aakasmikamaayi kettu; ithu jaas, blues samgeethathil sthiramaaya thaalpparyathilekku nayichu. "kid oori, king olivar, johnny dods, besi smith, maa reyne thudangiya perukalil njangal maantrikatha kandethi", addeham 2010 ll thante "stomp oof" bloggle ezhuthi. 1953ll britiish nyoo oorliyans punarujjeevanavaadikalaaya kenn collier, kriss barber, loonny dodden ennivar sandarshicha albertson thante hoome tape mesheenil record cheythu. eee recordingukal pinneedu danish storiville recordukalilum britiish tempo records labelukalilum puratthirangi. currier. 1957-ll, aislaandile kephlavik eyar basil sayudha senayude radioyude disk jokkiyayi rund varshathinu sesham, albertson amerikkayilekku kudiyeri, thudakkathil filadelfiyayile radio steshanukalil jolie cheythu. dablyu. sii. oo (oru cbs affiliate), 24 manikkoor jaas steshanaaya vaadu-efm ennivayil addeham abhimukhangal nadatthi, athil onnu lesttar yanginoppam, tainer saxophonistinoppam nilavilulla randilonnu maathram. 1963ll addeham oru american pouranaayi swaabhaavikavalkkarikkuppadu. 1960-61 ll, albertsone reverside records bill grewer oru nirmmathaavaayi niyamichu. eee padaviyil, blues gaayika ida koksinteyum (viramikkalil ninnu addeham konduvanna) boogie-voogi piyaanist meed luxes louisinteyum avasana sessionukal addeham krameekarikkukayum record cheyyukayum cheythu, koodaathe labelinte 'leaving legends' lokkeshan recordingukalude parambarayude melnottam vahikkukayum cheythu. eee parambarayile prarambha aalbangal nyoo oorliyansil nirmmichavayaayirunnu, piyaanist sweet emma baarat, klaarinettist luis cottrell, juuniyar thudangiya aadyakaala jaas sangeethanjjar ithil ulppettirunnu., trumpetezhs persey humphry, kid thomas, blues jody billie aandu dii piers, trombonist jiim robinson. lill amstrong, alberta hunder, littil bradezhs montgomery, erl heins ennivarude prakadanatthode addeham chikkaagoyil parambara thudarnnu. albertson pinneedu prashasthamaaya recordukalude nirmmathaavaayi pravarthichu, mattullavaykkoppam, philadelphiyayil jolie cheyyumbol avyakthathayil ninnu thaan pinvalicha gitaarist/gaayika loonny jonsante sessionukalkk melnottam vahichu. howard mcgee, rooy eldridge, budd freeman, reey brayaant, elmer snoden ennivarumaayi chernnu sessionukalkk melnottam vahichukondu addeham svanthamaayi oru nirmmaana kambaniyum sthaapichu. 1960 kalude madhyathil, albertson nyoo yorkan radio steshanil jolie cheyyukayum avide ninnu pasafikka radioyude nyoo yorkan radio steshan dablyubaayiyilekku pookukayum avide oduvil general maanejarayi maarukayum cheythu. 1967ll addeham landanile bbcyil jolie cheyyukayum vadakke amerikkayil avarude radio paripaadikal engane vilppanaykku konduvaranamennu upadeshikkukayum cheythu. 1971-ll albertson "dhaa jaas settu" enna prathivaara television paripadi nirmmikkukayum hostucheyyukayum cheythu, ithu pothu prakshepana sevanamaaya (pbs) pothu television theerathu ninnu theerathekku sampreshanam cheyyukayum chaals mingus, bill evans, randy vesttan, jimmy heath, reey brayaant thudangiya athidhikale avatharippikkukayum cheythu. eee samayat, addeham columbia recordukalkkaayi poornnamaaya besi smith elpi settukal ulppede punarnirmmanangalum nadathukayaayirunnu. eee aalbangalile addehathinte pravartthanangal albertson 1971 ll rund grammy avaardukal ("lokathile ettavum mikacha blues gaayakan" ennathinulla mikacha aalbam nottukal vibhaagathilum oru grammy trastti awardilum), oru billboard trendsettar award, montrex jaas festivalinte grand prix duu disk enniva nedi. addehathinte staanderd kruthiyaaya bessie smithinte jeevacharitramaaya "bessie" aadyamaayi 1972 ll prathyakshappettu, 2003 ll yaale yooniversitti pras prasidheekaricha oru parishkarichathum vipuleekarichathumaaya pathipp. parishkaricha jeevacharitram 2012 meyy maasathil "classic oof blues littarechar haal oof phame" vibhaagathil blues foundeshante blues haal oof faimil ulppeduthi. 2015 ll, lateefa raajnji taittil rolil abhinayicha "besi" enna biopic echbio premiier cheythu, pakshe albertsante pusthakam athinte adisthaanamaayi credit cheyyapettilla. albertson "dhaa stori oof jaas", "mye cassels rocking" (alberta handarinekkurichulla oru bio documentary) ennivayulppede television dokyumentarikalum "saattarde review", "daun beett" ennivayulppede vividha prasidheekaranangalkkaayula lekhanangalum avalokanangalum ezhuthi. 28 varshatholam steeriyo review maasikayude sambhavana edittaraayirunnu addeham. 2019 epril 24 nuu albertsone addehathinte manhattan appaartmentil maricha nilayil kandethi.

khris albertson christine gunnar albertson (18 aktoobar 1931-24 april 2019) hii newyork shaharatil jazz patrakar, lekhak aanee dhwanimudran nirmati hotee. prarambhik jeevan. albertsoncha janm 18 aktoobar 1931 roji eyeslandchya rekjavik yethe jhaala hota, parantu tyachya vadilanni too eka varshancha honyapurvich kutumb sodale. tyachi aaee yvon hiney aanakhi teen vela lagn kele. kopanheganmadhye vyavsayik kalecha abhyas karnyapurvi tyanche shikshan eyesland, denmark aanee englandmadhye jhaale. 1947 madhye, kopanheganmadhye rahat asatana, albertsonne rediovar besi smithche dhwanimudran yogayogane aikale; tyamule jazz aanee blues sangeetat kayamswarupi rus nirman jhaala. "aamhala kid aurie, king oliver, johnny dods, besi smith aanee maa renee yasarkhya navanmadhye jaadoo sapadali", asey tyane 2010 madhye tyachya 'stomp auph' blogver lihile. 1953 madhye, albertsonne aaplya hoome tape mashinavar bhet denanya british nyu orlinschya punarujjivanvadi qeena collier, criss barber aanee loney doggon yanchi dhwanimudran kelee. hii dhwanimudrane nantar danish storyville records aanee british tempo records labelver prakashit karnyat aalee. karkird. 1957 madhye, eyeslandmadhil keflawick havai talavar sashastr dalanchya rediosathi disk jockey mhanoon done varshe kaam kelyanantar, albertson americet sthalantarit jhaale, suruvatila philadelphiyamadhil redio kendransathi kaam karat hote. doubleu. see. aii. yuu. (see. bii. ess. sanlagn) aanee whatt-eff. emm. yaa 24 taas chalana jazz stationmadhye, tyane mulakhati ghetalya, jyat lester youngs ekacha samavesh hota, tenner saxophonists astitvat asalelya keval donpaiki eka. 1963 madhye tyanna american nagrikatva denyat aale. 1960-61 madhye, albertsonla nadikathchya nondichya biil gruardware nirmata mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale hote. yaa kshamatet, tyane blues gayika ida cocks (jyanna tyane nivruttitun baher aanale) aanee boogie-voogi piyanovadak meede lucks louis yanchya shevatchya satranchi vyavastha kelee aanee dhwanimudran kele aanee labelchya 'jiwant dantkatha' malikechya sthan dhvanimudrananche nirikshan kele. yaa maliketil suruvatiche dhvanimudrik nyu orlinsmadhye tayar karnyat aale hote aanee tyat piyanovadak sweet emma barrett, clarinatist louis cottrell, junier yasarkhe suruvatiche jazz sangitkar hote., trumpetters persey humphrey aanee kid thomas, blues jodee biilii aanee dii dii piercey aanee trombonist jiim robbinson. lill armstrong, alberta hunter, lahan bhau montgomeri aanee earl heins yanchya sadarikaranasaha tyane shikagomadhye malika suru thewali. tyanantar albertsonne pratishthechya dhvanimudranansathi nirmata mhanoon kaam kele, itarambarobarach, gitarvadak/gayika loney johnson yanchya satranche paryavekshan kele, jyanna tyanni filadelfiyamadhye kaam kartana aspashtatepasun door nele hote. howard mcgui, roy eldridge, budd freeman, reey bryant aanee elmer snoden yanchyasobat satranche nirikshan karat tyanni swatachi nirmiti company dekhil sthapan kelee. 1960 chya dashakachya madhyat, albertsonne envicy redio station doublueneumadhye kaam kele aanee tethe paisiphik rediochya envay station doubleubisathi sodale, jithe teey akheris mahavyavasthapak jhaale. 1967 madhye tyanni londonmadhye bii. bii. see. sathee kaam kele aanee uttar americet vikrisathi tyanchya redio karyakramanche rupantar kase karave yabaddal tyanna sallah deela. 1971 madhye, albertsonne 'daad jazz seet' yaa saptahik durchitravani karyakramachi saha-nirmiti aanee yajmanpad bhushavale, joou sarvajanik prasaran seva (pii. bii. ess.) sarvajanik durchitravanidware kinanyapasun kinaanyaalagat prasarit keela gela aanee tyat charles mingus, biil evance, randy weston, jimmi heath aanee reey bryant yasarkhe pahune hote. yaa velee, too sampoorn besi smith ell. pii. sanchansah kolambiya recordsasathi punha prakashit karat hota. yaa dhvanimudrikanvaril tyachya karyane albertson 1971 madhye done grammy puraskar (jagatil sarvat mahan blues gayak aanee grammy vishvast puraskarasathi sarvotkrusht dhwanimudrit dhwanimudrit shrenitil eka), eka billboard trendator puraskar aanee montrax jaz mahotsavache grand prix duu disk jinkale. 2003 madhye yell university presne prakashit kelelya sudharit aanee vistarit aavruttisah, 1972 madhye, 'besi smith' chey charitra, 'besi' heey tyanche pramanit karya pratham prakashit jhaale. sudharit charitra meey 2012 madhye 'classic auph blues literature holl auph fame' shrenimadhye blues foundationchya blues holl auph femmadhye samavisht karnyat aale. 2015 madhye, etch. bii. oo. neey ranee latifachi mukhya bhoomiket bhoomika asalelya 'besi' yaa charitrapatacha pratham pradarshanamadhye samavesh keela, parantu albertsonchya pustakala tyacha aadhar mhanoon shrey denyat aale nahee. albertsonne durchitravanivaril mahitipat lihile, jyat 'daad story auph jazz' aanee 'maay casal rocking' (alberta hunterveril eka jaiv-mahitipat), tasech 'satterday review' aanee 'daun beat' yasah vividh prakashanansathi lekh aanee punaravalokne samavisht aahet. teey 28 varshe 'styrio review' masikache yogdan sampadak hote. albertson 24 april 2019 roji tyachya manhattonchya apartmentmadhye mrutavasthet aadhalala.

criss albertson christian gunnar albertson (october 18,1931-april 24,2019) newyork saharma adharit jyaj patrakar, lekhak rar record nirmata thie. prarambhik jiwan. albertsonko janma october 18,1931 maa aislandko rekjawikma bhaeko thiyo, tara unka bubale uni ek warshako hunuaghi nai pariwar chhode. unaki amah yabhonle thap tean patak vivaha garin. unle kopanheganma wyawasayik kala adhyayan garnuaghi iceland, denmark rar englandma shiksha prapta gareka thie. sann 1947 maa, kopanheganma rahanda, albertsonle radioma besi smithko recording sanyogle sune; yasale jyaj rar blues sangitma sthayi chaso nimtyayo. "hamile kidd ori, king oliver, johnny dodes, besi smith rar maa renee jasta namharuma jadu fela pareka thiyaun", unle sann 2010 maa afno "stump aff" blagma lekheka thie. afno home tape messinma, albertsonle sann 1953 maa british nyu earlinska punarutthanwadi keyne collier, criss nai rar lony doganlai bhraman gareko record gare. yee recordingharu pachhi denis storyville record rar british tempo record lebelharuma jaari gariyo. currier. sann 1957 maa, aislandko keflabhik air besma sashastra ball radioca lagi disk jakiko rupma dui warsha pachhi, albertson sanyukta rajya america basain sare, suruma filadelfiaca radio stationharuka lagi kaam gardai. wkau (ek cbs sambadha) rar whatt-fm, ek 24-ghanta jyaj stationma, unle antarwarta sanchalan gare, jasma lester yangasanga euta, tenner saxophonistsang awasthit dui madhye euta matra samawesh thiyo. uni sann 1963 maa americi nagarika rupma prakritik rupma parinat bhae. 1960-61 maa, albertsonlai reverside recordko bill gruerdwara nirmatako rupma niyukta garieko thiyo. yass kshamatama, unle blues gayak ida cokes (jaslai unle sewaniwrittibata bahira lyae) rar bugi-wugi pianowadak mide lucks luisako antim satraharuko wyawastha rar record gare, rar lebelko 'jiwit kinwadanti' shringkhalako sthan recordingharuko nirikshan gare. yass shringkhalaka prarambhik albumharu nyu orlinsma banaieka thie rar pianowadak sweet emma barrett, clernetist luis cutterell, junier jasta prarambhik jyaj sangitkarharu prastut garieko thiyo., trumpeters percy humphrey rar kidd thomas, blues jody billy rar day day pierce, rar trombonist zim robinson. unle lill armstrung, alberta hunter, sano bhai montgomeri rar earl heinsko pradarshanka sath sikagoma shringkhala jaari rakhe. albertsonle pachhi pratishtha recordharuka lagi nirmataka rupma kaam gare, anyaharu madhye, gitarwadak/gayak lony jonsandwara satraharuko nirikshan gare, jaslai unle filadelfiama kaam garda aspastatabata nikaleka thie. unle haward mcgey, roya aldries, budd freeman, rey bryant rar elmer snodensanga satraharuko nirikshan gardai afnai nirman company pani sthapana gare. sann 1960 ko dashakko madhyama, albertsonle nyu york radio stationma kaam gare, tyahanbata pasific radioko nyu york stationka lagi chhodera, jahaan uni antatah mahaprabandhak bane. sann 1967 maa, unle londonma bibisika lagi kaam gare, uniharulai uttari americama bikrika lagi uniharuko radio karyakramharu kasari anukulan garne bhanera sallaha die. sann 1971 maa, albertsonle "da jyaj sett" ko saha-nirman rar ayojana gare, ek saptahik television karyakram june sarvajanik prasaran sewa (pbs) sarvajanik televisiondwara tatabata tatama prasarit bhaeko thiyo rar yasama charles mingus, bill evance, rendy weston, zimmi heath, rar rey bryant jasta atithiharu thie. yass samayama, unle columbia recordharuka lagi purna besi smith lp setharu sahit punah prakashanharu pani nirman gariraheka thie. yee albumharuma unko kamle albertson 1971 dui graimi puraskarharu jityo ("wishwako sabaibhanda thulo blues gayak" kaa lagi utkrishta album noteharu kotima ek rar graimi trusty puraskar), ek billboard trendsetter puraskar rar montrax jyaj mahotsavko grand prix du disk. unko manak karya, "besi", besi smithko jiwani, pahilo patak 1972 maa dekha paryo, 2003 maa yell university presdwara prakashit sanshodhit rar wistarit sanskaranko sath. sanshodhit jiwanilai mey 2012 maa "classic aff blues literature hull aff fame" kotima blues foundationko blues hull aff femma samawesh garieko thiyo. 2015 maa, hbole shirshak bhumikama rani latifalai abhinit gareko biopic "besi" ko premiere garyo, tara albertsonko pustaklai yasako adharko rupma shreya diieko thiena. albertsonle television writtachitraharu lekhe, jasma "da story aff jyaj" rar "mai cassels rucking" (alberta hunterma bayo-documentary), sathai "shanibar samiksha" rar "dauna beat" sahit vibhinna prakashanharuka lagi lekh rar samikshaharu samawesh chhan. uni 28 warshasamma "stereo ribhyu" patrikaka lagi yogdan garne sampadak thie. albertson april 24,2019 maa afno manhattan apartmentma mrit fela pareka thie.

criss albertson christiern gunnar albertson (october 18,1931-april 24,2019) jane nyujarka saharar jaz sambadika, lekhaka ebong record nirmata thile. prarambhika zeeban. albertson october 18,1931 ray icelander rekjabhik ray janmagrahana karithile, kintu taanka pita eka barsha bayasa purbaru paribara chadithile. taanka maaa yabhona ahuri tini thara bibaha karithile. kopenhegnere banijyika kalaa adhyajana kariba purbaru shay iceland, denmark ebong englandare sikhya laabh karithile. 1947 masihare, kopenhegnere rahuthiba samajare, albertson rediore eka besi smith rekardingku sujogare sunithile; ehaa jaz ebong blues sangeeta prati eka sthajee agraha srusti karithila . "aame kidd ori, kinga alibhar, janii dods, besi smith ebong maa renee pari naamare jaadu pailu", shay 2010 ray taanka stump off blagare lekhithile. taanka home tape mesinare, albertson 1953 ray british nyu orleans punaruddharabadee caine collier, criss napit ebong lony dagananku record karithile. ehi recording parabarti samajare denish storyville record ebong british tempo records lebel ray muktilabha karithila . kyariyara. 1957 masihare, icelander kephlabhik eyaara besre sashastra bahini redio paain disk jaki bhabare dui barsha parey, albertson juktarastra aamerikaaku sthanantarita hoithile, prathame philadelphiar redio station paain karjya karithile. wakkau (eka cbs anubandhita) ebong what-fm, eka 24-ghanta jaz stationre, shay sakhyatakara parichalana karithile, jeunthire lester janga sahita gotie, tenor saxophonwadakanka sahita kebala duiti bidyamana madhyaru gotie antarbhukta . 1963 masihare shay jane americae nagarika bhabe swabhabika hoithile. 1960-61 ray, albertsonanku reverside recorder bill graujara jane nirmata bhabare nijukta karithile. ehi khyamatare, shay blues gajaka ida cokes (jaahaaku shay abasararu bahara karithile) ebong bugi-ugee pianobadaka mide locks luisnka shesh adhibeshana ayojan ebong record karithile, ebong labeler 'jibanta kimbadanti' sirij sthana recordingra tadarakh karithile. ehi shrunkhalara prarambhika alabamgudika nyu arlinsare nirmita hoithila ebong ethire pijanobadaka suite emma barrett, clarinetist louis cottrell, juniara pari prarambhika jaz sangeetagyanku pradarshita karajaithila., trumpetters percy humphrey ebong kidd thomas, blues jodi billy ebong dii dii pierce, ebong trumbonist zim robbinson. shay chikagore ehi sirij jaari rakhithile, jeunthire lill armstrang, alberta hunter, chhot bhai montgomeri ebong earl hainsanka pradarshan thila. albertson parabarti samajare pratistha record paain nirmata bhabare karjya karithile, anyamananka madhyare guiterbadaka/gajaka lony janasanka adhibeshanara tadarakh karithile, jahanku shay philadelaphiare kaama kariba samajare aspastataru taani neithile. shay nijara prodoxon company madhya pratistha karithile, haward mekghi, raiya aldries, budd freeman, ray bryant ebong elmer snodennka saha adhibeshanara tadarakh karithile. 1960 dashkar madhyabhagare, albertson nyujarka redio station wuenyure kaama karithile, sethare shay pasifica radiora nyujarka station wubai paain jaithile, jeunthare shay sheshare general manager hoithile. 1967 masihare shay landanare bibisi paain kaama karithile, ebong uttara aamerikare bikri paain semananka redio karjyakramagudiku kipari khap khuaibe shay bishajare paramarsha deithile. 1971 masihare, albertson "daa jaz sett" namaka eka saptahika television karjyakramara saha-prajojana ebong ayojan karithile, jaahaa sarbajaneena prasarana seba (pbs) sarbajaneena television dwara upakulatharu upakula parjyanta prasarita hoithila ebong charles mingas, bill evance, randi weston, jimi heath ebong ray bryant pari atithinku pradarshita karithila . ehi samajare, shay kalambia record paain punah prakashan madhya nirmana karuthile, jeunthire sampurna besi smith lp sett antarbhukta . ehi alabamare tankara karjya albertson 1971 ray duiti grammy puraskara ("biswara sarbashrestha blues gajaka" paain shrestha album note bargare gotie ebong grammy trusty puraskara), eka billboard trendsetter puraskara ebong montrax jaz mahostabara grand prix du disk jitithila . taanka manaka karjya, "besi", besi smithnka jeebani, pratham thara paain 1972 ray prakashita hoithila, yail biswabidyalaja press dwara 2003 ray prakashita eka sanshodhita ebong samprasarita sanskarana sahita. sanshodhita jeebaneeku meey 2012 ray "classic off blues literature hull off fame" bargare blues foundationera blues hull off fame ray antarbhukta karajaithila. 2015 ray, hbo eka biopic, "besi" rahr premiyara karithila, jeunthire raanee latifa title bhumikare abhinai karithile, kintu albertsonka pustakaku ehara aadhara bhabare shreya diajai nathila . albertson television documentary lekhithile, jeunthire "jaz kahani" ebong "maain kasalra raking" (alberta hunter upare eka baio-documentary), ebong "shanibara samikhya" ebong "down bitt" sameth bibhinna prakashan paain nibandha ebong samikhya antarbhukta . shay 28 barsha dhari "stereo ribhyu" patrikara jane abdan sampadaka thile. albertsonanku april 24,2019 ray taanka manhattan apartmentre mruta abasthare milithila.

criss albertson christiran gunner albertson (18 aktubar, 1931-24 aprail, 2019) ikk newyork shehar-adharat jaiz pattarkar, lekhak atey ricard nirmata see. mudhla jeevan. albertson daa janam 18 aktubar, 1931 noon reikjavik, eyesland witch hoiaa see, parr uss dey pitaa neey ikk saal dee umar toon pahilan hii parivaar chhadd ditta see. uss dee maan yavon neey tinn vaar horr viaah keete. uss neey copenhagen witch vaparak qalaa dee padahi curran toon pahilan eyesland, danmark atey england witch sikkhiaa prapat keeti see. 1947 witch, jadon uh copenhagen witch rahinde sunn, albertson neey radio utte ikk besi smith recording noon mauka dey keey suniaa; iss naal jaiz atey blues sangeet witch ikk sathayi dilchaspi paida hoee. "saanoon kidd orii, king olivar, johnny dods, besi smith atey maa renee varge naavan witch jaadu miliaa", usne 2010 witch aapne stomp aaf blogg utte likhiaa see. aapni gharelu tape masheen utte, albertson neey 1953 witch british nioo orleans dey punar-surjitiwadi caine collier, criss barber atey lonnie dogan noon ricard keeta. ih recordingan baad witch denmarky storyville recordan atey british tempo ricard label utte jaari keetiaan gaeeaan sunn. carrier. sann 1957 witch, eyesland witch keflawick air bases vikhe hathiaarband balaan dey radio laee ikk disk jauki vajon doou saalan baad, albertson sanyukat raaj amrica chaley gaye, shuru witch fildelfia witch radio stationan laee kamm karde hoye. w. see. ou. (ikk see. bee. aiss. affiliate) atey 24 ghante challan vaale jaiz station, vatt-eff. aimm. witch, uss neey interview keeti, jiss witch ikk lester young naal see, joe kii tenner sexophonist naal maujood siraf doou vicchon ikk see. unhan noon 1963 witch ikk amriki nagrik dey roop witch kudrati banaiaa giaa see. 1960-61 witch, albertson noon ikk nirmata dey roop witch nadee dey kinare dey ricard dey bill grayer duaara niyukat keeta giaa see. iss samratha witch, usne blues gaika idaa cox (jiss noon usne retirement toon bahr kaddhiaa) atey boogi-voogi pianovadak meede lucks luis dey aakhri saishanan daa parbandh atey ricard keeta, atey label dee 'live legends' ladiwar sathaan recordingan dee nigrani keeti. iss luddy deeaan shuruati ailabman nioo orleans witch banaiaan gaeeaan sunn atey iss witch pianovadak mitthe aima barrett, clernetist luis cottrell, junier varge shuruati jaiz sangeetkaran noon pradarshit keeta giaa see.trumpeters parsi humphrey atey kidd thoms, blues jodee billie atey dee dee peers, atey trombonist jimm robinson. uss neey lill armstrag, alberta hunter, chhote bharaa montgomeri atey aral hynus duaara pardarshan dey naal shikago witch luddy jaari rakkhi. albertson neey baad witch vakkaar dey recordan laee nirmata vajon kamm keeta, gitarvadak/gaeek lonnie johnson duaara saishanan dee nigrani keeti, jinhan noon usne fildelfia witch kamm karde hoye aspashtata toon kaddhiaa see. uss neey aapni khud dee production company dee sathapana vee keeti, jiss witch haward mcgie, raae aldrij, budd freeman, reey bryant atey elmer snoden naal saishanan dee nigrani keeti gaee. 1960 dey dahake dey maddh witch, albertson neey ainn. vaaee. see. radio station dablioo. nioo witch kamm keeta, utthe pacifica radio dey ainn. vaaee. station dablioo. baaee laee chhadd ditta, jitthe uh aakharkar general manager bann giaa. sann 1967 witch, unhan neey london witch bee. bee. see. laee kamm keeta, unhan noon salaah ditti kii uttri amrica witch vikri laee aapne radio programan noon kiven dhaliaa jaave. sann 1971 witch, albertson neey "jaiz sett" daa sahi-nirman atey mezbani keeti, ikk haftavari television program joe jantak prasaran seva (pee. bee. aiss.) jantak television duaara tatt toon tatt takk prasarit keeta giaa see atey iss witch charles mings, bill evens, randy weston, jimmi heath atey reey bryant varge mehmann shamal sunn. iss samein, uh columbia recordan laee dubara jaari curran daa nirman vee qarr riha see, jiss witch sampuran besi smith ail. pee. sett shamal sunn. inhan ailabman utte uss dey kamm neey albertson 1971 witch doou grammy puraskar ("dunia dey sabh toon mahaan blues gaeek" laee sarbottam album notes shreni witch ikk atey ikk grammy trusty puraskar), ikk billboard trandsetter puraskar atey montrax jaiz festival daa grand prix duu disk jittiaa. uss daa standard kamm, "baisi", baisi smith dee jeevani, pahili vaar 1972 witch prakashit hoee, jiss witch yell university presses duaara 2003 witch prakashit ikk sodhiaa hoiaa atey vistrit sanskaran see. sodhi hoee jeevani noon maee 2012 witch "classic aaf blues literature haal aaf fame" shreni witch blues foundation dey blues haal aaf fame witch shamal keeta giaa see. 2015 witch, aich. bee. ou. neey ikk biopic, "baisi" daa premiere keeta, jiss witch raanee latifa neey sirlekh bhumika nibhai see, parr albertson dee kitaab noon iss dey adhaar vajon credit naheen keeta giaa see. albertson neey television dastavezi filman likhiaan, jinhan witch "jaiz dee kahani" atey "myee casals rocking" (alberta hunter utte ikk baio-dastavezi) dey naal-naal vakkh-vakkh parkashanan laee lekh atey samikhiaavan, jiss witch "shanivar dee samikhiaa" atey "daaoon beat" shamal hunn. uh 28 saalan takk "stereo samikhiaa" magazine laee ikk yogdan paunh vaala sampadak riha. albertson 24 aprail, 2019 noon aapne manhattan apartment witch mritak paaiaa giaa see.

criss albertson christin gunnaar albertson (october 18,1931-april 24,2019) nyuyaark-nagarasya jaiz-patrakaarah, lekhakah, abhilekha-nirmata cha aasit. praarambhikajeevanam. albertson ityasya janma 18 october 1931 dinaanke aislyaand-nagarasya rekjaavik-nagare abhavat, parantu tasya pitaa tasya ekavarshasya aayuh poorvamev parivaaram parityajat. tasya maataa yavonne ityeshaa trivaaram parineetavatee. kopanahegan-nagare vaanijyakalaayaah adhyayanaat poorvam saha aislyaand-denmark-deshe england-deshe cha shikshitah aasit. 1947 tame varshe, kopanahegan-nagare nivasantee, albertson ityeshaa akasmikataya radio-madhye besee-smit ityasya dhwanimudranam shrutavatee; yena jaiz tathaa blues-sangeetayoh vishaye chirasthayee ruchihi abhavat. "vayam kidd-oree, king-olivar, jaanee-dods, besee-smit, maa-renee ityaadishu naameshu jaadum anwishtawantah" iti saha 2010 tame varshe swasya "stamp-aaf" iti blagg madhye likhitavaan. swasya gruha-tape-yantre albertson ityayam 1953 tame varshe british-nyoo-orleans-deshasya punaraagaman-punarujjeevanakaaraah kenn-collier, criss-barber, loney-dogan ityetaan abhilikhat. tadanantaram etaaha dhwanimudrikaah denish-storiville-abhilekheshu, british-tempo-abhilekheshu cha prakashitani. vruttihi. 1957 tame varshe, aislyaand-nagarasya keflawick-vaayunyaam, sashastra-balasya radio-krute disk-jaakee-rupena varshadvayaanantaram, albertson samyuktaraajyam prati pravaasam krutavaan, praarambhe philadelphia-nagarasya radio-kendranam krute karyam krutavaan. doubleu. see. e. yoo. (see. bee. ess. sambaddham) ityatra, 24-ghantaa-yaavat vyaat-ef. emm. iti jaiz-kendram ityatra cha saha sakshatkaram krutavaan, yasmin lester-yang ityanena saha ekaha, tenner-saxophonist ityanena saha vidyamaanayoh dwau cha madhye ekaha aasit. 1963 tame varshe saha amerikaadeshasy nagarikatvena svaabhaavikeekrutaha. 1960-61 madhye, albertson ityeshah nadeeteerasy abhilekhanam bill-grouyer ityanena nirmaatruroopen niyuktah aasit. asmin kshamatayam, saha blues-gayakasya idaa cox (yasyaah saha nivruttihi kaarayat), boogie-voogee-piyanovadakasya meede lucks levis ityetayoho antima-satraan vyavasthitavaan, dhwanimudranam cha krutavaan, tathaa cha label ityasya 'leaving-legend' ityasya sthana-abhilekhan-shrunkhalaayaah paryavekshanam akarot. asya shrunkhalaayaah praarambhik-aalbam-rachanaa nyoo orleans-nagare abhavat, tathaa cha piyanovadaka-sweet emmaa barrett, clarinatist-louis cottrell, junier ityaadayah praarambhik-jaiz-sangeetadnyaah cha aasan., trumpetters persey humphrey tathaa kidd thaamas, blues-dwayam bilee tathaa dee dee piers, tathaa cha trombanist jim rabinson cha. saha chikaago-nagare shrunkhalaah anuvartayat, yatra lill armstrang, alberta hunter, litil bradar montgomeri, earl hains cha pradarshanani krutavantah. albertson ityeshah tadanantaram pratishtaayaah abhilekhanam nirmaatruroopen karyam krutavaan, anyaih saha gitaar vaadaken/gayakena loney jaansan ityanena satranam paryavekshanam akarot, yah fildelfia-nagare karyam kurvan aspashtataayaah karanat aprucchata. saha swakeeyam nirmanasamstham api asthaapayat, haward mekgee, raay aldridge, budd freeman, rey bryant, elmer snoden ityetaih saha satranam paryavekshanam akarot. 1960 tamasya dashakasy madhyabhaage albertson ityeshah enn. aii. sii. radio-kendrasya doubleu. nyoo. ityatra karyam krutavaan, tatra gatvaa pecifica-radio-ityasya enn. aii. steshan doubleu. bee. aii. ityatra gatavaan, yatra saha antatah mahaaprabandhakah abhavat. 1967 tame varshe saha landan-nagare bee. bee. see. krute karyam krutavaan, uttar-amerikaadeshe vikrayanaartham teshaam radio-karyakraman katham anukarayet iti upadesham dattavaan. 1971 tame varshe albertson ityanena "da-jaze-sett" iti saaptaahik-dooradarshan-karyakramasya saha-nirmaanam, aatitheyatvam cha krutam, yah saarwajanik-prasaaran-sevaya (pee. bee. ess.) saarwajanik-duradarshanadvara tatebhyah tate prasaaritah aasit, tathaa cha charles-mingus, bill-eevaans, rendy-weston, jimmi-heet, rey-bryant ityaadayah atithayah cha aasan. asmin samaye saha columbia-abhilekhanam punah prakashanani api nirmaati sma, yatra purnataya bessy-smit-ell. pee. sets api aasan. eteshu aalbam-madhye tasya karyena 1971 tame varshe albertson-samsthaayaah dwau grami-puraskaarau praaptau (ekaha "vishvasya mahaan blues-gaayakah" ityasya krute sarvashreshta-aalbam-nott-shreneeh, grami-trustee-puraskaarah cha), bilboard-trend-setter-puraskaarah, montreks-jaij-utsavasya grand-pricks-du-disk cha. tasya maanak-krutihi "bessy", bessy smit ityasya jeevanacharitram, prathamavaaram 1972 tame varshe prakaashitam, 2003 tame varshe yel-vishvavidyaalaya-press-dwara prakaashitam samshodhitam vistrutam cha samskaranam cha. samshodhita-jeevanacharitram 2012 tame varshe mey-maase "classic-aaf-blues-literature-haal-aaf-fame" ityasmin blues-foundation ityasya blues-haal-aaf-fame ityasmin samaawishyat. 2015 tame varshe, echa. bee. o. ityanena "bessy" iti jeevanacharitrasya prathamapradarshanm krutam, yasmin raajnee lateefaa sheershakeeyaroopen abhinayam akarot, parantu albertson ityasya pustakasya aadhaararoopen shreyam naa dattam. albertson ityayam dooradarshan-vruttachitraani alikhat, yathaa "da story aaf jaiz" tathaa "mai kesil 's raaking" (alberta hunter ityasya jeeva-vruttachitram), tathaiva "shanivaasare samiksha" tathaa "down beat" ityadinam vividha-prakashananam krute lekhaan samikshan cha alikhat. saha 28 varshaani yaavat "stereo review" patrikaayaah yogdan-sampaadakah aasit. albertson ityeshah 2019 april 24 dinaanke swasya manhatton-apartment-madhye mrutah drushyate sma.

chriss albertson christian kunnar albertson (october 18,1931-aepral 24,2019) oru newyorg nagaraththai thalamaagak konda jaas paththirigaiyaalar, ezhuththaalar mattrum pathivu thayaarippaalar aavaar. aarambagaala vaazhkkai. albertson october 18,1931 andru aislaanthin regjavik nagaril piranthaar, aanaal avarathu thanthai oru vayathaaka iruppatharku munbae kudumbaththai vittu veliyaerinaar. avarathu taayaar yvon maelum moontru murai tirumanam seithu kondaar. gobanheganil vanigak kalai padippatharku munbu avar aislaanthu, denmark mattrum englaanththil kalvi payintraar. 1947 aam aandil, gobanheganil vaalnththapoathu, albertson vanoliyil oru bessie smith pathivai thartseyalaagak catar; idhu jaas mattrum blues isaiyil nilaiyaana aarvaththirku vazhivaguththathu. "kitt oori, king olivar, johnny tots, bessie smith mattrum maa raini poantra peyarkalil manthiraththaik kandoam", endru avar 2010 aam aandil thanathu "stamp off" valaippathivil ezhuthinaar. thanathu veettu naadaa iyanththiraththil, albertson 1953 aam aandil british neu arleans marumalarchchiyaalarkalaana kenn kolliyar, chriss barber mattrum loani donton aakiyoaraip pathivu seithaar. inththa pathivukal pinnar danish kadhai pathivukal mattrum british tempo pathivukal lablegalil veliyidappattana. thozhil. 1957 aam aandil, aislaanthil ulla keflavic vimanath thalaththil aayuthap padaikalin vanoliyil disk jaakkiyaaga irandu aandugalukkup piragu, albertson amerikkaavirku kudipeyarnthaar, aarambaththil piladelpiyaavil ulla vanoli nilaiyangalil paniyaattrinaar. doublue. chii. aee. yuu (oru cps inaippu) mattrum vaat-efm, oru 24 manii naera jaas station, avar nerkaanalgalai nadaththinaar, idhil lester young udan ondru, danner saxophonistone irukkum irandu nerkaanalkalil ondru mattumae. 1963 aam aandil avar oru america kudimaganaaga iyalpaakkappattaar. 1960-61 ill, albertson oru thayaarippaalaraaga reversite pathivukalin pill grayerol paniyamarthappattaar. inththa thiranil, avar blues paadagar idaa cox (avar oaivilirunthu veliyae kondu vanthaar) mattrum pooki-vooki biano kalaignar meede luxes levis aagiyoarin kadaisi amarvugalai aerpaadu seithu pathivu seithaar, maelum lablin 'vaazhum puraanakkathaikal' thodar iruppida pathivukalai maerpaarvaiyittaar. inthath thodarin aaramba aalbangkal neu arleancil thayaarikkappattana, maelum biano kalaignar sweet emma barrett, clarinetist luis cottrell, juuniyar poantra aarambagaala jaas isaikkalainarkal idampettranar., trumpeters percy humphry mattrum kitt thamas, blues irattaiyar billie mattrum dii dii bears, mattrum trambonist jiim rabinson. avar sikakovil inthath thodaraith thodarnthaar, athil lill armstrong, alberda hunder, siriya cakootharar mondcomery mattrum aerl heins aagiyoar nadiththanar. pinnar albertson kavurava pathivukalukkaana thayaarippaalaraaga paniyaattrinaar, mattravargaludan, kittar kalaignar/paadagar loani johnson amarvugalai maerpaarvaiyittaar, avar piladelpiyaavil panipurinthapoathu thelivattra nilaiyil irunthu vilaginaar. avar thanathu sontha thayaarippu niruvanaththaiyum niruvinaar, howert mckey, raai eltridge, butt freeman, raey bryant mattrum elmer snoden aakiyoarudan amarvugalai maerpaarvaiyittaar. 1960 kalin naduppaguthiyil, albertson niyu radio nilaiyaththil panipurinthaar, angku pasipik radiovin niyu station vaaikku sentraar, angku avar iruthiyil podhu maelaalaraanaar. 1967 aam aandil, avar landanil pipisiyil paniyaattrinaar, vada americavil virpanaikku avarkalin vanoli nigazhchchigalai evvaaru maattriyamaippathu enbathu kuritthu avarkalukku aaloasanai valangkinaar. 1971 aam aandil, albertson "jaas chett" endra vaaraanthira tholaikaatchi nigazhchchiyai inainthu thayaariththu thoguththu valangkinaar, idhu podhu oliparappu saevai (pps) podhu tholaikaatchiyaal kadarkaraiyilirundhu kadarkaraikku oliparappappattathu mattrum charles mingus, pill eevans, randy weston, jimmi heeth mattrum raey bryant poantra virunththinargalaik kondirundhadhu. inththa neraththil, avar kolambiya pathivukalukkaana maruu veliyeedugalaiyum thayaariththu vanthaar, idhil muzhumaiyaana bessie smith elbi settugal adangkum. inththa aalbangkalil avarathu panii 1971 aam aandil irandu kirami virudhugalai ventrathu ("ulagin migapperiya blues paadagar" mattrum oru kirami arangkaavalar viruthukkaana sirantha aalbam kurippugal pirivil ondru), oru vilambarap palagai trendsetter viruthu mattrum montrex jaas thiruvizhaavin grand brics duu disk. avarathu nilaiyaana padaippaana "bessie", bessie smithin vaazhkkai varalaaru, muthanmuthalil 1972 aam aandil thoantriyathu, 2003 aam aandil yael palkalaikkazhaga paththirigaigalaal veliyidappatta oru thirutthappatta mattrum virivaakkappatta pathippudan. thirutthappatta vaazhkkai varalaaru blues arakkattalaiyin blues haal off famil mae 2012 ill "classic off blues literature haal off famil" serkkappattathu. 2015 aam aandil, raani latifa nadiththa "bessie" endra vaazhkkai varalaattru thiraippataththai hooboo muthanmuthalil veliyittathu, aanaal albertson puththagam adhan adippadaiyaaga paraattappadavillai. albertson "jaas kadhai" mattrum "maii castles rocking" (alberda vaettaikkaararaip pattriya oru uyir aavanappadam) ullitta tholaikaatchi aavanappadangkalaiyum, "sanikkizhamai mathippaaivu" mattrum "down beat" ullitta palvaeru veliyeedugalukkaana katturaigal mattrum mathippuraigalaiyum ezhuthinaar. avar 28 aandugalaaka "stereo review" paththirigaiyin pankalippu aasiriyaraaga irunthaar. albertson aepral 24,2019 andru thanathu manhaton kudiyiruppil iranththu kidanthaar.

criss albertson christian gunnar albertson (october 18,1931-april 24,2019) newyork nagaraniki chendina jaz journalist, rachayita mariyu rikaardu nirmaata. prarambha jeevitam. albertson october 18,1931naa aislandloni rekjaaviklo janminchaadu, conny athani tandri oka samvatsaram vayassu rakamunde kutumbaanni vidichipettadu. athani talli yavonne maroe moodu saarlu vivaham chesukundi. athanu copenhagenlo vaanijya kalanu adhyayanam cheyadaaniki mundu island, denmark mariyu inglandlo chaduvukunnadu. 1947loe, copenhagenlo nivasistunnappudu, albertson radiopai oka bessie smith recordingnu anukokunda vinnadu; idhi jaz mariyu blues sangeetamlo sthiramaina aasaktiki daariteesindi. "memu kid oor, king olivar, johnny dods, bessie smith mariyu maa rainee vanti paerlaloo magicnu kanugonnamu" anie athanu 2010loe thana "stamp off" blaglo raasaadu. thana home tape mesheenlo, albertson 1953loe british nyuu orleans punarujjeevanakaarulu kenn collier, criss barber mariyu loanii dogan lanu sandarsinchadam record chesaaru. eee recordinglu taruvaata danish storyville recordulu mariyu british tempo recordula lebullalo vidudala cheyabaddaayi. vrutti. 1957loe, islandloni keflavic vaimanika sthaavaramlo saayudha dalaala radeo kosam disk jaakiigaa rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata, albertson united statesku valasa vacchaadu, praarambhamlo philadelphialoni radeo stationla kosam panicheesaadu. doubleukou (oka cbs anubandha samstha) mariyu vaat-efm, 24 gantala jaz stationlo, athanu interviewlu nirvahinchaadu, veetilo okati lester yangtho sahaa, tenar saxophone vaadyakaarudito unna rendu interviewlalo okati matrame. 1963loe ayana america pourudigaa sahajasiddhamgaa maararu. 1960-61 loe, albertsonnu reverside recordula billu gruyer nirmaatagaa niyaminchaaru. eee hodaalo, athanu blues gayani idaa cox (veerini athanu padavee viramana nundi bayataku teesukuvacchaadu) mariyu boogie-voogee pianist meede lucks luis yokka chivari sessionlanu erpaatu chesi record chesaadu mariyu label yokka 'living legends' syries location recordinglanu paryaveekshinchaadu. eee shreniloni prarambha albumlu nyuu orleenslo tayaaru cheyabaddaayi mariyu pianist sweet emma barret, clarinetist luis cottrell, juuniyar vanti prarambha jaz sangeetakaarulanu kaligi unnaayi., trumpetters pursey humphrey mariyu kid thamus, blues dvayam billie mariyu dii piers, mariyu trombonist zim robinson. athanu chikagolo sireesnu konasaginchadu, indulo lill armstrang, alberta hunter, chinna sodarudu montgomeri mariyu earl heins pradarsanalu icchaaru. albertson taruvaata pratishtaatmaka recordula kosam nirmaatagaa panicheesaaru, itarulatoe paatu, guitarist/gayakudu loanii johnson sessionlanu paryaveekshinchaaru, ayana philadelphialo panichestunnappudu aspashtata nundi vaidoligaaru. athanu thana sonta nirmaana samsthanu kooda sthaapinchaadu, howard mcgey, raay eldridge, budd freeman, rae bryant mariyu elmer snodenlatho sessionlanu paryaveekshinchaadu. 1960la madhyalo, albertson nyuu yark radeo stationlo panichesi, akkada pasiphik radeo yokka nyuu yark radeo station kosam vellaadu, akkada athanu chivariki general manager ayyadu. 1967loe, athanu landanlooni bbc kosam panicheesaadu, uttara americalo ammakaniki vaari radeo kaaryakramaalanu elaa sweekarinchaalo vaariki salaha icchaadu. 1971loe, albertson "dhi jaz sett" anae varapu television karyakramanni saha-nirminchi, host chesaadu, idhi praja prasaara seva (pbs) public television dwara teeram nundi tiiraaniki prasaram cheyabadindi mariyu charless pingus, bill evans, randy weston, jimmy heath mariyu rae bryant vanti atithulanu kaligi undhi. eee samayamlo, athanu columbia recordula kosam puurti bessie smith elpi setlatho sahaa punahprachuranalanu kooda nirmistunnadu. eee albumlapy ayana chesina pani 1971loe rendu grammy avaardulanu ("prapanchamlooni goppa blues gayakudu" kosam uttama album notes vibhaagamlo okati mariyu grammy trusteela avaardu), oka billboard trendsetter avaardu mariyu montrux jaz festival yokka grand prix du disk geluchukundi. athani praamaanika rachana, bessie smith yokka jeevita charitra, 1972loe modatisaarigaa kanipinchindi, 2003loe yael university press prachurinchina savarinchina mariyu vistarinchina samskaranatho. savarinchina jeevita charitranu blues foundation yokka blues haall off fameloki mae 2012loe classic off blues literature haall off fame vibhaagamlo chaerchaaru. 2015loe, hebo oka biopic, "bessie" nuu pradarsinchindi, indulo queen latifa taitil paatralo natinchindi, conny alberton pustakam daani aadhaaramgaa ghanata pondaledu. albertson "dhi story off jaz" mariyu "mye causils rocking" (alberta hunter paie bio documentary) thoo sahaa television documentarylu, alaage "satterday review" mariyu "down beat" thoo sahaa vividha prachuranala kosam kathanaalu mariyu sameekshalanu raasaaru. ayana 28 samvatsaraalu "stereo review" patrikaku sahakaara sampaadakudigaa unnaaru. albertson april 24,2019naa thana manhatton apartmentlo chanipoyadu.

curse albertson cristine gunar albertson (18 aktobar 1931-24 apreel 2019) neoyork shehar mein maqeem jaaz sahafi masnaf aur record producer thay. ibtadayi zindagi. albertson 18 aktobar 1931 kuu aais lend kay rekjawek mein paida hoay thay leakin inn kay waalid nay eek saal kii amar say pehley hyee khaandaan chhod diyaa thaa. iss kii maan yuwan nay mazeed teen baar shaadi kii. kopan haggen mein tajarti funn kii taleem haasil karnay say pehley inhon nay aais lend dunmark aur england mein taleem haasil kii. 1947 mein kopan haggen mein rehtay huay alberton nay redio parr beesi samath kii recording kuu ittefaq say sunaa vovo iss say jaaz aur blues mausiqi mein mustaqil dilchaspi paida hoyee. "hamein cudd auree king auliver jaanee dodz beesi samath aur maa renee jeesay naamon mein jaado milaa" inhon nay 2010 mein apnay "stamp aaf" blog parr likhaa. apnee hoam taip masheen parr alberton nay 1953 mein bartanvi neo orleans kay ahya kay mahireen keenn collier curse barber aur lony dogan kaa dorah kiyaa. yaha recording baad mein densh story weel records aur bartanvi tempo records labels parr jaari kii gayein. carrier. 1957 mein aais lend mein caflavic aiyar bees parr maslah afwaj kay redio kay liye disk jaaki kay toor parr duu saal kay baad albertson nay riyasathaye muthadah hijrat kii ibtadayi toor parr fladelfia mein redio stationon kay liye kaam kiyaa. dabliyo see aey yuu (see bee aiss say waabistah) aur waat-aif aim juu kahh 24 ghantay chalnay waala jaaz station hay mein inhon nay interviews kiyay jinn mein say eek lester yang kay saath thaa juu tenner sexfonist kay saath mojud sarf duu mein say eek thaa. 1963 mein inhein americi shehri kay toor parr fitri banaa diyaa gayaa. 1960-61 mein albertson kuu rever side records kay bull grawar nay batoor producer mulazimat dee thee. iss salahiyat mein iss nay blues gulukarah aidaa kaaks (jasay wah retirement say baahir laaya) aur bogi wogi pyano nawaz meed laks leos kay aakhri sessions kaa ahtamam aur recording kii aur leebal kii location recording kii 'zindah legends' seerez kii nigrani kii. iss seerez kay ibtadayi albumz neo orleans mein banaye gayey thay aur inn mein ibtadayi jaaz mausiqaron jeesay pyano nawaz sweet aima beart clarinatist lois cottrell juniyar shaamil thay.yee troptators parsi humphry aur cudd thaamas blues jodee bully aur ddee ddee pairs aur trambonest jumm rabansan. inhon nay shikago mein silsilah jaari rakhaa jiss mein lalee armistering alberta hunter chhotay bhayee montgomeri aur aral hines nay adakari kii. alberton nay baad mein waqaar kay record kay liye producer kay toor parr kaam kiyaa dosron kay alawah gtarst/gulukaar lony jaansan kay sessions kii nigrani kii jinhein inhon nay fladelfia mein kaam kartay hoay ghair waazah say nikala thaa. inhon nay apnee production company bhee qayem kii howard mekgi raail aldrage budd free meen ray brient aur elmer snoden kay saath sessions kii nigrani kii. 1960 kii dahayi kay wast mein alberton nay neo yark redio station mein kaam kiyaa wahaan say paisifka redio kay neo yark station dabliyo bayee kay liye rawanah huay jehaan wah balaakhir general maneejar bunn gayey. 1967 mein inhon nay landan mein bee bee see kay liye kaam kiyaa inhein mashurah diyaa kahh shamali america mein farokhat kay liye apnay redio programon kuu kisay dahalna hay. 1971 mein alberton nay "dee jaaz seet" kuu mushtarkah toor parr prodios aur mezbani kii eek haftah waar teeli vision prograam jasay publik broadcasting saros (pee bee aiss) publik teeli vision kay zariye saahil say saahil takk nashar kiyaa gayaa thaa aur iss mein charlis mengs bull avens rendy weston jamee haith aur ray brent jeesay mahman shaamil thay. iss waqat wah columbia records kay liye dobarah release bhee kirr rahay thay jinn mein makmal beesi samath eel pee seet bhee shaamil thay. inn albumz parr inn kay kaam nay albertson 1971 mein duu greemi ewards ("duniya kay sabb say baday blues gulukaar" kay liye behtareen album nott kay zamray mein eek aur greemi trusti aiward)yee eek bull board trendsetter aiward aur montrax jaaz festival kaa grend perks duu disk jeeta. inn kaa mayari kaam "beesi"yee beesi samath kii sawanah umri pehli baar 1972 mein shaye hawaa jiss kaa eek nazar saani shadah aur tausiyi warzan 2003 mein yail university prais nay shaye kiyaa. nazar saani shadah sawanah umri kuu mayee 2012 mein "classic aaf blues literature haal aaf faim" kay zamray mein blues foundation kay blues haal aaf faim mein shaamil kiyaa gayaa. 2015 mein aich bee awo nay eek biopic "beesi" kaa premier kiyaa jiss mein malkah latifah nay tytle roll adaa kiyaa leakin alberton kii kitaab kuu iss kii bunyaad kay toor parr creadt nahein diyaa gayaa. albertson nay teeli vision dastawezi filmein likhein jinn mein "dee story aaf jaaz" aur "mayee casals rocking" (alberta shikaari parr eek baiyo dastawezi film) kay saath saath mukhtalif ashaaton kay liye mazamin aur jaizay bashmol "sneacher day review" aur "ddaun bait" shaamil haine. wah 28 saal takk "stereo review" megzin kay liye maawan editor rahay. alberton 24 apreel 2019 kuu apnay meen heaton apartment mein mardah paaye gayey.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35695605

Louis-François Jeannet

Louis-François Jeannet Louis-François Jeannet (5 November 1768 in Arcis-sur-Aube – 23 July 1832 in Bourg) was a French general. Born to a merchant family and brother of Nicolas Georges Jeannet-Oudin, Jeannet joined the Army on 10 August 1784 in the Royal-Infanterie. At the outbreak of the French Revolution, he joined a battalion of National Volunteers, rising to sous-lieutenant in the 4th Dragoon regiment on 4 April 1792, full lieutenant in August, and Captain on 15 October in the Légion des Ardennes. Jeannet took part in the Battle of Jemappes, where he was wounded. He was promoted to "Chef d’escadron" (major) in the 16e Régiment de chasseurs à cheval, and served as an aid to general Picot-Dampierre in the Army of the North, taking part in the Battle of Famars. He was promoted to colonel on 7 September 1793. Jeannet was then transferred to the Army of the Alps as chief of Staff to general Kellermann. He served in the Italian campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars, and captained the National Guard for the departments of Ain, Isère and Mont-Blanc. In 1796, he was transferred to the Armée de Hollande. On 1 October 1799, Jeannet was sent to Guadeloupe, and promoted to acting brigadier general on 14 juillet 1800. Jeannet returned to France on 5 July 1801 aboard the frigate "Cornélie", and retired. In 1810, he took up his commission again, serving in Holland, and in Spain during the Peninsular War. He distinguished himself at the Battle of Vitoria on 21 June 1813, and was made a Knight of the Legion of Honour on 1 September 1813. He took part in the Battle of Brienne (29 January 1814), of Montmirail (11 February) and of Arcis-sur-Aube (20 March). On 15 May, his commissioned as a brigadier general was confirmed. At the Bourbon Restauration in 1814, he was forced to retire, and was appointed Knight of the Order of Saint-Louis on 13 February 1815. During the Hundred Days, and put in charge of the département of Ain. After the Battle of Waterloo, he retreated behind the Loire river and attempted to obtain a military commission again, attempting the raise battalions of Federates in Ain with the help of prefect Jean-Jacques Baude, but he had to retire again. Notes and references. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> vol. 68

luis-franchuis jenet luis-franchuis jenet (5 novembor 1768 aarsis-sur-oubot-23 july 1832 borgoto) ejon francer xenapoti aasil. etaa byowoxayi poriyalot jonmogrohon koraa aaru nikulax georges jenet-udinor bhatri, jenete 1784 sonor 10 aagostot rajokiyo-protipalonot xenabahinit jugdan korisil. forasi biplowor aarombhonir xomoyot teu rastriyo sessaxewokor etaa batalionot jugdan korisil, 1792 sonor 4 aprilot 4rtho dregoon rejimentot cho 'cho-leftenent, aagosto maahot ful leftenent aaru 15 octoborot lejon dey ardensot captain hoisil. jinete jemapesor juddhot ongxogrohon korisil, zo 'too teu aahot hoisil. teuk 16ee rejiment di chessers e sevalot "seph di escadoron" (mejor) hisape podunnoti diya hoisil, aaru firmeror juddhot ongxogrohon kori uttoror xenabahinit general pikot-dempierer xohay hisape xewa aagborhaisil. 1793 sonor 7 septemborot teuk cornell hisape podunnoti diya hoisil. taar pisot genetok alposor xenabahiniloi general kelormanor sif owo stuff hisape sthanantor koraa hoisil. teu forasi biplowi juddhor italy obhijanot xewa aagborhaisil, aaru aain, aaiser aaru mont-blunk bibhagor baabe nesnel gardor odhinayok aasil. 1796 sonot teuk aarmi di hulandoloi bodoli koraa hoisil. 1799 sonor 1 octoborot genetok guwadelupoloi preron koraa hoisil, aaru 1800 sonor 14 julyte karzobahi brigediyar general hisape podunnoti diya hoisil. 1801 sonor 5 julyte jenet frigate "cornelli" too uthi franceloi ubhoti aahisil aaru owoxor grohon korisil. 1810 sonot teu punor nijor dayitwo grohon kore, upodipiyo juddhor xomoyot hoh 'lend aaru spenot xewa aagborhai. 1813 sonor 21 junot vitoriyar juddhot teu nijoke bixisto korisil, aaru 1813 sonor 1 septemborot teuk lejon owo onaror night hisape nijukti diya hoisil. teu brain (29 january 1814), montmiral (11 february) aaru aarsis-sur-oubo (20 march) too ongxogrohon korisil. 15 mey 'too teur brigediyar general hisape nijukti nischito koraa hoisil. 1814 sonot borbon resturentot teuk owoxor lo "boloi badhyo koraa hoisil, aaru 13 february 1815-too night owo dyo order owo saint-luis hisape nijukti diya hoisil. ex dinor bhitorot, aaru aain bibhagor dayitwot rokha hoisil. waterlur juddhor pisot teu luyar nodir pisfale pisuwai goisil aaru punor xamorik aayug laabh koriboloi chesta korisil, prefect jinn-jacks boudor xohayot aainot federator raiz batalionor chesta korisil, kintu teu punor owoxor lo 'bob logaa hoisil. tuka aaru ullekh. volume. 68

lui-francoa ginnet lui-francoa gennet (5 navembar 1768-23 julai 1832) chhilen ekjon farasi senapati. nicolas georges gianet-udiner bhai ebong eka bonik poribare jonmogrohonkari gianet 1784 saaler 10ee august rajakiya-pristhoposhokotay senabahinite jog deena. farasi biplober sutropater somoy, tini jatiya swechchasebokder ekti battellione jog deena, 4thhaa april 1792-ayee 1792-ayee dragoon regimente sus-leftenant, auguste purno leftenant ebong 15ee octobor legion days ardenesse captain hohn. gennet jemapeser juddhe ongsho niyechilen, jekhane tini ahoto hohn. tini 16ee rejimenta dii chassiers ayee chevale "shafe dii 'escadron" (mejor) podey unnito hohn ebong uttorer senabahinite general picot-dampier sahayata hisabe kaaj corren, ebong femarder juddhe ongsho nene. 1793 khristabder 7ee septembara tini cornell podey unnito hohn. erpor general kellermaner chiff off stuff hisebe jinitke alps senabahinite bodli koraa hoy. tini farasi biplobi juddher italiya abhijane dayitto palon korechilen ebong aain, isere ebong mont-blunk bibhager jonno jatiya rakkhi doler adhinayak chhilen. 1796 saale taanke armi dii hollande sthanantorito koraa hoy. 1799 khristabder 1laa octobor, janetke guadeloupe pathano hoy ebong 1800 khristabder 14ee julai bharprapto brigadier general podey padonnati deoa hoy. 1801 saaler 5ee julai frigate "cornelli"-teey korey gennet france firey asen ebong abosar grohon corren. 1810 khristabde tini abar taanr dayitto grohon corren ebong upadwipiya juddher somoy holland ebong spene dayitto palon corren. 1813 khristabder 21shhey june vittoria juddhe tini nijeke protisthito corren ebong 1813 khristabder 1laa septembara taanke sommaner sainyabahinir night koraa hoy. tini bryan (29shhey januari 1814), montmirrailer (11ee february) ebong arsis-soor-ouber (20shhey march) juddhe ongsho nene. 15 meey, brigadier general hisabe taanr niyog nischito koraa hoy. 1814 saale borbon restoran tini abosar nitey badhyo hohn ebong 1815 saaler 13ee february night off dya order off seenta-lui nijukto hohn. waterlu juddher porr, tini loar nadeer pichhone pichu hotten ebong abar ekti samrik kamishana pawar chesta corren, prefect zina-jacks bouder sahajye aaine federater utthito battelliongulir chesta corren, kintu taake abar abosar nitey hoy. note ebong reference. volume. 68

luis-francois genette luis-francois genette (5 november november arces-suur-aubemaa-23 julai julai bargmaa) aek french general hataa. aek vepaari parivaarmaa janmela aneey nikolasnaa georges genette-audeenna bhaai, genette 10 august august roj shaahee-aashraysthanma senaama jodaya hataa. french krantini sharuaat vakhate, teo raashtriy svayamsevakoni aek bataliyanma jodaya, 4 april april roj chothee dragon regimentmaa sosa-leftnent, augustma phul leftnent aneey 15 octobernaa roj lijan days ardensma capton banyaa. genette gemepsnee ladaima bhaag leedho hato, jyaan teey ghaayal thayo hato. temne 16ee regiment dha chasers aee chevalma "shafe dii 'escadron" (mejar) tareeke badhatee aapvama aavee hatee, aneey uttarnee senaama general picot-dempiyarne sahaay tareeke sevaa aapee hatee, jemane fammersnee ladaima bhaag leedho hato. temne 7 september september roj curnell tareeke badhatee aapvama aavee hatee. tyarbad genettane alpsnee senaama general calormanna chief off staff tareeke sthaanaantarit karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. temane french krantikari yuddhonaa italian abhiyaanomaa sevaa aapee hatee aneey aain, isere aneey mont-blank vibhago maate national gaardnee kaptaani curry hatee. hatee, temnee armie dii hollandma badalee karvaamaa aavee hatee. 1 october october roj, genettane gwadelop mokalvaamaa aavyo hato aneey 14 julai julai roj kaarykaari brigadier general tareeke badhatee aapvama aavee hatee. 5 julai julai roj genate frigate "cornelli" parr savaar thaine france parat faryaa aneey nivrutt thayaa. thayaa, temane dhvipkalpiy yuddh darmiyan holland aneey spainma sevaa aaptaa fareethi temnu kaama sambhaalyu. temane 21 juuna september roj vitoriana yuddhmaa potaane pratishthit karyaa hataa aneey 1 september september roj temne sanmaannaa sainyano shurveer banavvama aavyo hato. temane bryan (29 january 1814), montmirail (11 februari) aneey arces-suur-aube (20 march) nee ladaima bhaag leedho hato. 15 menaa roj, brigadier general tareeke temnee nimanukni pushti thaee hatee. hatee borbon restaurantmaa, temne nivrutt thavaani faraj puddy hatee, aneey 13 februari februari roj soow divas darmiyan, temne night off dhaa order off saint-louis tareeke niyukt karvaamaa aavyaa hataa aneey aainnaa vibhagno havaalo sonpavama aavyo hato. waterlooni ladaai pachhi, temane loyara nadeeni paachhal pichhehath curry aneey fareethi lashkari commission melavvaano prayaas karyo, aneey prefect jiina-jaiks baudnee madadthi sanghnee motee bataliyanono prayaas karyo, parantu temne fareethi nivrutt thavu padyu. nondho aneey sandarbho. volume. 68

lui-francois genet lui-franswa genet (5 navambar 1768 mein arcis-sur-eub mein-23 julaai 1832 mein burg mein) ack francisi general they. ack vyaapaari parivaar mein janme aur nicolaus georges genet-audin key bhaai, genet 10 agast 1784 koo shaahi-samarthak mein senaa mein shamil hue. francisi kranti key prakop parr, vaha rashtriya swayamsevakon kii ack batalian mein shamil hoe gaye, 4 aprail 1792 koo chauthi dragon resiment mein saus-leftinent, agast mein poorna leftinent aur 15 octuber koo leason days ordeness mein kaptan baney. genet ney gemaps kii ladaai mein bhaag liya, jahan vaha ghayal hoe gayaa thaa. unhein 16ee resiment dee chasers aeye cheval mein "shafe dee 'escadron" (mejar) key roop mein padonnat kiya gayaa thaa, aur unhone uttar kii senaa mein general pikot-dampier key liye ack sahaayata key roop mein kaam kiya, joe famours kii ladaai mein bhaag leey rahey they. unhein 7 sitambar 1793 koo curnell key roop mein padonnat kiya gayaa thaa. isake baad genet koo alps kii senaa mein general kellerman key pramukh key roop mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa. unhone francisi krantikari yuddhon key italvi abhiyaanon mein seva kii, aur aina, isere aur mont-blanck key vibhagon key liye rashtriya rakshak kii kaptani kii. 1796 mein, unhein armi dee hollande mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa. 1 octuber 1799 koo, genet koo gwadelope bheja gayaa, aur 14 julaai 1800 koo karyavahak brigadier general key roop mein padonnat kiya gayaa. 5 julaai 1801 koo genet frigate "cornelli" parr savaar hocker france laut aaya aur sevaanivritt hoe gayaa. 1810 mein, unhone phir seey apana commission liya, holland mein aur praayadveepiya yuddh key dauran spen mein seva kii. unhone 21 juuna 1813 koo vittoria kii ladaai mein khud koo pratishthit kiya, aur 1 sitambar 1813 koo unhein sammaan key liye ack shurveer banaaya gayaa. unhone bryan (29 janwari 1814), montmirail (11 farwari) aur arcis-sur-aab (20 march) kii ladaai mein bhaag liya. 15 maee koo, brigadier general key roop mein unake niyukt honey kii pushti hui. 1814 mein borban restaraan mein, unhein sevaanivritt honey key liye majboor kiya gayaa, aur 13 farwari 1815 koo sent-luis key adesh kaa shurveer niyukt kiya gayaa. sou dinon key dauran, aur aina key vibhaag kaa prabhaar saunpa gayaa. waterloo kii ladaai key baad, vaha loyer nadee key peechhe peechhe hutt gayaa aur phir seey ack sainya aayog praapt karane kaa prayaas kiya, jisamen usane prefect jeane-jacks baude kii madad seey sanghon kii bataliyanon koo badhaane kaa prayaas kiya, lekin usey phir seey sevaanivritt honah padaa. notes aur sandarbh. khand. 68

louis-francois genet louis-francois genet (5 november 1768, arsis-surr-oubnalli-23 julai 1832, burgnalli) obba french general aagiddaru. vyapari kutumbadalli janisida mattu nicolus georges gennet-oudinna sahodaranaada gennet, 1784rahra august august rajamanetanada-ashrayadalli sainyakke seridaru. french kraantiya praarambhadalli, avaru rashtriya svayamsevakara betaliyange seridaru, april 4,1792 randu 4 neey dragoon regimentnalli souse-leftinent, augustinalli phul leftinent mattu october 15 randu legian dess ordennessionalli capton aagi airidaru. genet gemaps kadanadalli bhagavahisidaru, allie avaru gayagondaru. aata 16ii regiment dii chassers aa chevalnalli "cheff dii escodron" (majer) aagi badti padedaru mattu uttarada sainyadalli general pikot-dampierge sahayakaragi seve sallisidaru, avaru famourgala yuddhadalli bhagavahisidaru. 1793rahra september september aata curnell aagi badti padedaru. nantara genet avarannu alps sainyakke general kellerman mukhyastharaagi vargaayisalaayitu. avaru french kraantikaari yuddhagala italian karyacharanegalalli seve sallisidaru mattu ain, isere mattu mont-blanck vibhagagalige national gaard annu munnadesidaru. munnadesidaru, avarannu armi dii haalandege vargaayisalaayitu. 1799rahra october september, gennet avarannu gwadelopge kaluhisalaayitu mattu 1800rahra julai julai hangami brigadier general aagi badti nidalaayitu. 1801rahra julai julai genet "cornelli" emba yuddhanaukeyalli francege maralidaru mattu nivruttaraadaru. nivruttaraadaru, aata matte tanna adhikaaravannu vahisikondanu, hallend mattu spain dweepakalpada yuddhada samayadalli seve sallisidanu. aata 1813rahra zoon zoon nadeda vittoria kadanadalli tannannu taanu gurutisikondanu mattu 1813rahra september september gouravaanvita seeneya kudureyannagi madalpattanu. aata brian (janavari 29,1814), montmirail (phebravari 11) mattu arsis-surr-oub (march 20) kadanagalalli bhagavahisidaru. mayee mayee, brigadier general aagi avara niyojaneyannu drudhapadisalaayitu. drudhapadisalaayitu borban restorentnalli, avaru nivruttaraagabekaayitu, mattu 13 phebravari 1815 randu nait off dhii arder off saint-louis aagi nemakagondaru. nooru dinagala avadhiyalli, mattu ain vibhagada ustuvaari vahisikondaru. waterloo yuddhada nantara, avanu loir nadiya hinde himmettidanu mattu matte military aayogavannu padeyalu prayatnisidanu, prefect zeane-jackwess boudna sahayadinda okkootagala balawardene betaliyangalannu prayatnisuttiddanu, aadare avanu matte nivruttaraagabekaayitu. tippanigalu mattu ullekhagalu. samputa. 68

luis-francois jeanut luis-francois jeanet (5 november 1768 arsis-sarr-aubil-23 juulai 1832 borgil) oru franch janaralaayirunnu. oru vyapara kudumbatthil janicha nicolas jorjas jennettu-audinte sahodaranaaya jennettu 1784 august 10 nuu rajakeeya-infaantariyil sainyathil chernnu. franch viplavam pottippurappettappol, addeham deseeya sannadhapravarthakarude oru battaliyanil chernnu, 1792 epril 4 nuu 4-aamm draagan rejimentil soos-leftanantaayum augustil phul leftanantaayum october 15 nuu lejian dess ardenasil captanaayum uyarnnu. jemaps yudhathil pankedutthirunna jeenettinu avide parikkettu. 16iii rejiment dii chassures eiii chevalil "shef dii escadron" (mejar) aayi sthaanakkayattam labhicha addeham vadakku sainyathile general picot-dampiyarinte sahayiyaayi fammer yudhathil pankedutthu. 1793 septambar septambar addeham kenalaayi sthaanakkayattam nedi. thudarnnu general kellarmaante cheef oof staaf aayi alps sainyathilekku jeenattine maatti. franch viplava yudhangalude itaaliyan pracharanangalil sevanamanushticha addeham ainn, aiser, mondu-blank vakuppukalude naashanal gaardinte captanaayirunnu. 1796ll addehathe armi dii hollandlake maatti. 1799 october october, jeenettine gwadelopilekku ayaykkukayum 1800 juulai juulai acting brigadier generalayi sthaanakkayattam nalkukayum cheythu. 1801 juulai juulai cornelly enna yudhakkappalil jeanet francilake madangukayum viramikkukayum cheythu. 1810-ll addeham veendum thante kammeeshan ettedukkukayum hollandilum upadveep yudhasamayathu speyinilum sevanamanushtikkukayum cheythu. 1813 juun 21 nuu nadanna vittoriya yudhathil addeham svayam verittunilkkukayum 1813 septambar 1 nuu lejian oof oonarinte kuthirayayi niyamikkappedukayum cheythu. addeham bryan (29 januvari 1814), montmerile (11 februvari), arsis-sarr-oub (20 march) yudhangalil pankedutthu. meyy meyy brigadier generalayi addehathe niyamichathu sthireekarichu. 1814-ll borbon restorantil ninnu viramikkaan addeham nirbandhithanaakukayum 1815 februvari 13-nuu nooru divasangalilaayi naitt oof dhaa oordar oof seyint-louisai niyamikkappedukayum ainn departmentinte chumatala ettedukkukayum cheythu. waterloo yudhathinushesham addeham lloyer nadikku pinnil pinvaangukayum veendum oru sainika kammeeshan nedaan sramikkukayum prefect jeane-jacks boudinte sahaayathode federateukalude rais battaaliyanukalkk sramikkukayum cheythuvenkilum addehathinu veendum viramikkendivannu. kurippukalum paraamarshangalum. vooliyam. 68

lui-francois geinnet lui-francois genette (5 november 1768, arcis-suur-aubmadhye-23 julai 1832, bargmadhye) haah eka french senapati hota. vyapari kutumbat janmalele aanee nicolas georges genette-audin yancha bhau, genette 10 august 1784 roji shahee-vasahatit sainyat sameel jhaale. french kranticha udrek jhaala tevha, too rashtriy svayamsevakanchya eka tukadit sameel jhaala, 4 april 1792 roji chauthya dragoon regimentmadhye saus-leftnunt, augustmadhye purn leftnunt aanee 15 aktoobar roji lejan days ardensmadhye capton jhaala. genetne gemapschya ladhait bhag ghetala, jithe too jakhami jhaala. 16eae regiment dii chasers aii chevhalmadhye tyala 'shafe dii escadron' (mejar) mhanoon padonnati denyat aalee aanee tyane famourschya ladhait bhag ghet uttarekadil sainyat general pico-dampierla madat mhanoon kaam kele. 7 september 1793 roji tyanna curnell mhanoon badhati denyat aalee. tyanantar general kellerman yanchyakade chief auph staff mhanoon genutchi alpschya sainyat badali karnyat aalee. tyane french krantikari yuddhanchya italian mohimanmadhye kaam kele aanee ain, isere aanee mont-blank vibhagansathi national gardche netrutva kele. 1796 madhye tyanchi armi dii holland yethe badali karnyat aalee. 1 aktoobar 1799 roji, genetla gwadelopala pathvanyat aale aanee 14 julai 1800 roji tyala karyavahak brigadier general mhanoon badhati denyat aalee. 5 julai 1801 roji genet 'cornell' yaa yuddhanaukevar francela paratala aanee nivrutt jhaala. 1810 madhye, tyane punha aapale kaam haatee ghetale, dweepkalpiy yuddhadarmyan hollandmadhye aanee spainmadhye seva kelee. 21 juuna 1813 roji vittoriyachya ladhait tyane swatahla vegale kele aanee 1 september 1813 roji tyala sanmanit sainyadalacha shoorvir banavanyat aale. tyane bryan (29 janewari 1814), montmirail (11 februwari) aanee arcis-suur-aubey (20 march) chya ladhait bhag ghetala. 15 meey roji, brigadier general mhanoon tyanchi niyukti nishchit karnyat aalee. 1814 madhye borban restaurantmadhye, tyala nivrutt honyas bhag padale gele aanee 13 februwari 1815 roji tyala nite auph daad aurder auph seent-louis mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale. shambhar divasanchya kalavadhit, aanee ainchya vibhagacha prabhari niyukt karnyat aala. waterloochya yuddhanantar, too loar nadichya mage mage sarkala aanee tyane punha lashkari dall midvanyacha prayatna keela, aanee prefect jeane-jacks boudchya madatine aayanmadhye federationchya vadhavalelya tukadyancha prayatna keela, parantu tyala punha nivrutt vhave lagale. nondi aanee sandarbh. khand. 68

luis-francois genet luis-francois genet (5 november 1768 maa arcis-sur-aubma-23 july 1832 maa bergama) ek francelli general thie. wyapari pariwarma janmeka rar nikolas georges genet-audinka bhai, genet 10 august 1784 maa shahi-infanteryma senama samel bhae. francelli krantiko prarambhama, uni rashtriya swayamsewakharuko batalianma samel bhae, 4 april 1792 maa chautho dragun regimentma sos-leftinent, augustma purna leftinent, rar 15 octoberma ligian days ardensma kaptan bane. genetle jemapsko yudhama bhag lie, jahaan uni ghaite bhae. unlai 16eae regiment day chasers ae chebhalma "shafe dee ascadron" (mazer) maa padonnati garieko thiyo, rar uttarko senama general piko-dampiyarlai sahayogko rupma kaam gare, femmersko yudhama bhag lie. uni 7 september 1793 maa karnalma padonnati bhae. tyasapachhi genetlai alpsko senama general kellermanko chief aff stafko rupma sthanantaran garieko thiyo. unle francelli krantikari yuddhaharuko italian abhiyanharuma sewa gare, rar aina, isere rar mont-blank vibhagharuka lagi rashtriya gardko kaptani gare. sann 1796 maa, unlai armi day hollandma sthanantaran garieko thiyo. 1 october 1799 maa, genetlai gwadeloop pathaieko thiyo, rar 14 july 1800 maa karyawahak brigadier generalma padonnati gariyo. 5 july 1801 maa frigate "cornell" maa sawar bhaera genet france farkie rar sewaniwritta bhae. sann 1810 maa, unle feri afno commission lie, holyandma rar prayadwipiya yuddhako samayama spenma sewa gare. unle 21 june 1813 maa bhitoriako yudhama afulai pratishthit gare, rar 1 september 1813 maa sammanko senako night banaiyo. unle bryan (29 janawari 1814), montmirail (11 february) rar arcis-sur-aub (20 march) ko yudhama bhag lie. 15 mema, brigadier generalko rupma unko niyukta bhaeko pushti bhayo. sann 1814 maa borban resturentma, uni sewaniwritta huna badhya bhae, rar 13 february 1815 maa night aff da arder aff cent-luis niyukta bhae. saya dinko awadhima, rar ainako vibhagko prabhari niyukta gariyo. waterluko yuddhapachhi, uni loyar nadiko pachhadi farkie rar feri sainya ayog prapta garne prayas gare, prefect zin-jack baudako sahayogma ainama federateharuko faujaharu badhaune prayas gare, tara unle feri sewaniwritta hunuparyo. tippani rar sandarbhaharu. bholyum. 68

louis-phrankois ginut louis-phrankois ginet (5 navember 1768 arcies-sur-aub-23 july 1832 burgare) jane farasi general thile. eka banika paribarare janmita ebong nicolas georges genet-oudinnka bhai, genet 10 august 1784 ray rajkiah-infanteryre senare joga deithile. farasi biplabara aarambhare, shay jatiah swechasebeenka eka batalijanare joga deithile, 4 april 1792 ray 4rtha dragun rejimentare sus-leftnant, augustre phul leftnant ebong 15 octoberre ligion dosses ardensare captain hoithile. genet gemaps juddhare anshagrahana karithile, jeunthare shay ahata hoithile. shay 16ee regiment dii chassers aii chebhalare "shafe dii 'escadron" (mejara) bhabare padonnati paithile ebong uttarar senare general picot-dampiernku sahajata bhabare karjya karithile, ebong famour juddhare anshagrahana karithile. 1793 masiha september 7 tarikhare tanku cornell bhabe padonnati diajaithila. ehapare jenetnku alpsra senaku general kelaramyanka chief off staff bhabe badali karajaithila. shay farasi biplabee juddhara italiah abhijanare karjya karithile, ebong aain, isere ebong mont-blank bibhaga paain jatiah garder adhinajaka thile. 1796 masihare tanku armi dii holandaku badali karajaithila. 1799 masiha october 1 tarikhare, jinetnku guadeloop pathajaithila, ebong 1800 masiha july 14 tarikhare tanku karjyakaree brigediar general bhabe padonnati diajaithila. 5 july 1801 ray ginut frigate "karneli" ray frances pherithile ebong absar neithile. 1810 masihare, shay puni thare nijara dajitwa grahan karithile, upadweepa juddha samajare holland ebong spenare seba karithile. 21 june 1813 ray bhitoria juddhare shay nijaku pratisthita karithile, ebong 1 september 1813 ray tanku sammanara ligion rahr night karajaithila. shay brien (29 januari 1814), montmerail (11 februari) ebong arcis-sur-aub (20 march) juddhare anshagrahana karithile. meey 15 tarikhare, brigediar general bhabe tankara nijukti nischita hoithila. 1814 masihare borban restorentare, shay absar nebaku badhya hoithile, ebong 13 februari 1815 ray night off daa order off cent-louis bhabare nijukta hoithile. shahe deane madhyare, ebong aain bibhagara dajitware rakhajaithila . waterlu juddha parey, shay loar nadee pachaku hatigale ebong puni eka samarika commission hassel karibaku chesta kale, prefect zin-jacks baudnka sahajatare aain ray federate rahr rises batalion chesta karithile, kintu tanku puni absar nebaku padithila . tippanee ebong sandarbha. bhal. 68

luis-francois genette luis-francois genette (5 navambar 1768 witch arsis-surr-aube witch-23 julai 1832 noon borg witch) ikk franch general see. ikk vapari parivaar witch paida hoiaa atey nicholls georges genette-audin dey bharaa, genette 10 agast 1784 noon shaahi-parivaar witch fauj witch shamal hoiaa. francisi inqalaab dey shuru honn 'teey, uh rashtari volunteeran dee ikk batalian witch shamal hoow giaa, 4 aprail 1792 noon chauthi dragon regiment witch saus-leftinent, agast witch full leftinent atey 15 aktubar noon leejan days ordeness witch kaptan bann giaa. genette neey gemaps dee ladai witch hissa liaa, jitthe uh zakhmi hoow giaa see. uss noon 16ee regiment dee chassures aii chewal witch "shaff dee 'escadern" (mejar) vajon tarakki ditti gaee see, atey usne uttar dee fauj witch general pikot-dampier dee sahaita vajon kamm keeta, jiss neey famran dee ladai witch hissa liaa. unhan noon 7 satambar 1793 noon karnal vajon tarakki ditti gaee see. firr genette noon general calorman dey cheef aaf staff vajon alpus dee fauj witch tabdil qarr ditta giaa. uss neey francisi inqalabi yuddhan deeaan italvi muhimman witch seva nibhai, atey ainn, isere atey mont-blanck dey vibhagan laee national gaard dee kaptani keeti. 1796 witch, uss noon aarmi dee holland witch tabdil qarr ditta giaa see. 1 aktubar 1799 noon, genette noon guadeloop bhejiaa giaa, atey 14 julai 1800 noon karajkari brigedier general vajon tarakki ditti gaee. 5 julai 1801 noon genette fergate "carnelli" utte swaar hoow keey france waps partiaa atey sevamukt hoow giaa. 1810 witch, usne aapni commission noon dubara sambhaliaa, pardipak yuddh dauran halland atey spain witch seva nibhai. uss neey 21 juun 1813 noon vittoria dee ladai witch aapne aap noon vakkhra keeta, atey 1 satambar 1813 noon uss noon leejan aaf aanar daa ikk night banaiaa giaa. uss neey brien (29 janwari 1814), montmerail (11 farvari) atey arsis-surr-aube (20 march) dee ladai witch hissa liaa. 15 maee noon, uss dey brigedier general vajon niyukat honn dee pushti keeti gaee see. sann 1814 witch borban restaurant witch, uss noon retire honn laee majbur keeta giaa see, atey 13 farvari 1815 noon cent-luis dey arder daa night niyukat keeta giaa see. saun dinan dauran, atey ainn dey vibhag daa incharge niyukat keeta giaa see. waterloo dee ladai toon baad, uh loar nadee dey pichhe pichhe hutt giaa atey prefect jeane-jaikas bodd dee madad naal sangh deeaan batalianan noon vadhaun dee koshish karde hoye, firr toon ikk fauji commission prapat curran dee koshish keeti, parr usnoon dubara retire honaa piaa. notes atey havale. valiam. 68

louis-francois-gennet louis-francois-genet (5 november 1768 arcis-sur-aube-23 julai 1832 berg-nagare) ekaha french-senaapatih aasit. nicolas-georges-genet-audin ityasya bhraatuh cha vyaapaari-kutumbe janma praapnot, genet-varyaha 10 august 1784 dinaanke raaj-inn-fantery ityasmin senayam sammilitah. french-kraanteh aarambhe, saha rashtriya-svayamsevakaanaam sainyadale sammilitah, april 4,1792 dinaanke chaturtha-dragoon-regiment-madhye saus-leftinent, august-maase poorna-leftinent, october 15 dinaanke legian-days-ardens-madhye captain cha abhavat. genet ityeshah gemaps-yuddhe bhaagam agruhnaat, yatra saha vranitah abhavat. saha 16 ee-regiment dee chasers e cheval ityasmin "shafe dee escadron" (measure) iti padonnatah abhavat, tathaa cha uttarasenayam general pikot-dampier ityasya sahaayakaroopen karyam krutavaan, fommers-yuddhe bhaagam agruhnaat. saha 1793 september 7 dinaanke carnell-rupena padonnatah abhavat. tatah genut ityeshah alps-parvatasya senayaha pramukha-karmachaareeroopen general kelarmyaan ityasya krute sthanantaritaha. saha french-krantikari-yuddhanam italian-abhiyaanaih sevaam akarot, ain, isiyar, mont-blaank vibhaagaanaam krute rashtriya-raxakasya naayakah cha aasit. 1796 tame varshe, saha aarmi dee hollande-samsthaam prati sthanantaritaha. 1799 october 1 dinaanke, genet ityeshah gwadeloop-nagaram prati preshitah, 1800 julai 14 dinaanke kaaryavaahak-brigadier-general-rupena padonnatah cha abhavat. 5 julai 1801 dinaanke, genet "carnelli" iti yuddhanaukena france-desham pratyaagatya nivruttah abhavat. 1810 tame varshe, saha punah swasya niyogam sveekrutavaan, dweepakalpayuddhasya samaye halyand-deshe spen-deshe cha sewaarat. saha 21 joon 1813 dinaanke vittoria-yuddhe vishishtah abhavat, 1813 september 1 dinaanke legian-aaf-aanar ityasya nait iti niyuktah abhavat. saha brian (29 janavaree 1814), montmirel (11 februvari), arcis-sur-aub (20 maarch) ityeteshu yuddhe bhaagam agruhnaat. mey 15 dinaanke brigadier-general-rupena tasya niyuktah nishchitah. 1814 tame varshe borban-bhojanaalaye saha nivruttah bhavitum baadhyah abhavat, tathaa cha 13 februvari 1815 tame dine, shatadineshu, nait-aaf-da-arder-aaf-sent-louis iti niyuktah, ain-vibhaagasya prabhaari cha abhavat. vaatarloo-yuddhanantaram, saha loyar-nadyaah pashchad pashchadabhoot, punah sainya-aayogam praaptum prayatat, prefect jeane-jaaks-baude ityasya saahaayyen ain-nagare federates-samsthanam raij-batalians-krute prayatat, parantu saha punah nivruttah bhavitum arhati sma. tippanyah tathaa cha ullekhah. vaalyoom. 68

luis-branswa jeanet luis-branswa jeanet (navambar 5,1768 ill arsis-suur-ayyub-23 juulai 1832 ill poarkkil) oru pirenchu general aavaar. oru vanigak kudumbaththilum, nikkoalaavin georges jeanet-avdinin cakootharanilum pirantha jeanet, august 10,1784 andru arasa-thoattaththil iraanuvaththil saernthaar. pirenchu puratchi thodangiyapoathu, avar thaesiya thannaarvalargalin oru padaippirivil saernthaar, aepral 4,1792 andru 4 vadhu tragun padaippirivil chaas-leptinent aagavum, augustill muzhu leptinent aagavum, october 15 andru lejian tess ortennessil kaeptanaagavum uyarnthaar. jaymobs poaril jeanet pankettraar, angku avar kaayamadaindhaar. avar 16e regiment dii sassers auuu seval ill "sef dii escotron" (mejar) aaga padhavi uyarvu pettraar, maelum vadakkin iraanuvaththil general bigot-daambiyarukku uthaviyaaga paniyaattrinaar, faamargal poaril pankettraar. avar septumber 7,1793 andru karnalaaga padhavi uyarvu pettraar. pinnar general kellerman thalaimaip paniyaalaraaga jeanet alps iraanuvaththirku maattrappattaar. avar pirenchu puratchip poarkalin itaaliya pirachchaarangkalil paniyaattrinaar, maelum ainn, aiser mattrum mont-blank thuraikalukkaana thaesiya kaavalpadaiyin kaeptanaaga irunthaar. 1796 aam aandil, avar armi dii haalandirku maattrappattaar. october 1,1799 andru, jeanet kuvaadaloappirku anuppapattaar, maelum 1800 juulai 14 andru poruppu brigadier jenaralaaka padhavi uyarvu pettraar. jeanet juulai 5,1801 andru "cornelli" endra porkkappalil branskuth thirumbinaar, maelum oaivu pettraar. 1810 aam aandil, avar meendum thanathu kamishanai aetrtrukkondaar, theepakarpap poarin poathu haalanthilum speyinilum paniyaattrinaar. juun 21,1813 andru nadantha vittoriya poaril avar thanakkena oru thaniththuvatthai velippaduththinaar, maelum septumber 1,1813 andru kavurava padaiyin kuthiraiyaaga niyamikkappattaar. avar praiyan (janavari 29,1814), montmirail (pipravari 11) mattrum arsis-suur-aap (maarch 20) poaril pankettraar. mae 15 andru, avar brigadier jenaralaaka niyamikkappattaar enbathu uruthi seiyappattathu. 1814 aam aandil poarpan unavagaththil, avar oaivu pera vaendiya kattaayam aerpattathu, maelum pipravari 13,1815 andru saint-luis varisaiyin kuthiraiyaaga niyamikkappattaar. nooru naatkalil, mattrum ainn thuraiyin poruppil vaikkappattaar. waterloo poarukkup piragu, avar loyer aattrin pinnaal binwangi, meendum oru iraanuva aanaiyaththaip pera muyantraar, federatkalin padaippirivugalai uyar athikaariyaana jeane-jaaks poat uthaviyudan ainil muyarchitthaar, aanaal avar meendum oaivu pera vaendiyirunththathu. kurippugal mattrum kurippugal. thoguthi. 68

luis-francois genet luis-francois genet (5 november 1768loe arsis-surr-oublo-23 juulai 1832loe borglo) oka french general. oka vyapari kutumbamlo janminchina mariyu nicolus georges gennet-oudin sodarudu, gennet 1784 augustu 10naa raayal-infantarylo sainyamlo cheraaru. french viplavam prarambhamainappudu, athanu jaateeya swachchanda sevakula betalianlo cheraadu, april 4,1792naa 4va dragoon regimentlo souse-leftinentga, augustulo puurti leftinentga mariyu october 15naa legian dess ordennesslo keptenga edigaadu. genet gemaps yuddhamlo palgonnadu, akkada athanu gayapaddadu. athanu 16eee regiment dii chassers eah cheval loe "cheff dii escadron" (majer) gaa padoonnati pondaadu mariyu uttara sainyamlo general pikot-dampierku sahayamga panicheesaadu, fommers yuddhamlo palgonnadu. 1793 septembaru 7naa ayana kalnalga padoonnati pondaaru. aaa taruvaata general kellarmanku cheef off stafga jeenetnu alps sainyaniki badilee chesaaru. athanu french viplava yuddhaala yokka italian pracharalalo panicheesaadu mariyu ine, isere mariyu mont-blanck vibhaagaalaku national gaardku naayakatvam vahinchaadu. 1796loe, athanu armi dii hollandku badilee cheyabaddaadu. 1799 aktobaru 1naa, jeenetnu gwadelopku pampaaru, 1800 juulai 14naa taatkaalika brigadier generalga padoonnati pondaaru. 1801 juulai 5naa genet "carnelli" yuddhanaukalo fraansku tirigi vacchi padavee viramana chesaaru. 1810loe, athanu tirigi thana kamishannu sweekarinchi, dveepakalpa yuddha samayamlo halland mariyu speyinlo panicheesaadu. athanu 1813 juun 21naa jarigina vittoria yuddhamlo tananu taanu pratyekinchukunnadu, 1813 september 1naa gourava sainyaniki gurram ayyadu. athanu brian (29 janavari 1814), montmirail (11 fibravari) mariyu arsis-surr-oub (20 marchi) yuddhamlo palgonnadu. mae 15naa, brigadier generalga ayana niyamitulayyinatlu nirdhaarinchabadindi. 1814loe borban restaurantlo, athanu padavee viramana cheyavalasi vachindi, mariyu 13 fibravari 1815naa nait off dhi arder off seyint-louisga niyaminchabaddaadu. vanda rojula vyavadhilo, mariyu ine vibhaagaaniki baadhyata vahinchaadu. vaatarloo yuddham taruvaata, athanu loir nadhi venukaku tirigi velli, mallii sainika kamishannu pondadaaniki prayatninchaadu, prefect zeane-jackwess bowd sahayamtho ainlo samakhyala pempu betalianlanu prayatninchaadu, conny athanu mallee padavee viramana cheyalsi vachindi. gamanikalu mariyu suuchanalu. value. 68

lois-francois gent lois francois gent (5 nomber 1768 aarsees sarr aubey mein-23 jolayi 1832 borg mein) eek francisi general thaa. eek taajir khaandaan mein paida hoay aur necolas jarjaz gent audeen kay bhayee gent nay 10 agast 1784 kuu shaahi khaandaan mein foj mein shamoliyat akhtiyar kii. francisi inqilaab kay aaghaz parr inhon nay qomi razakaron kii eek batalin mein shamoliyat akhtiyar kii 4 apreel 1792 kuu chothi dragon regment mein sous leftinent agast mein fill leftinent aur 15 aktobar kuu leejan ddais ardines mein kaptaan banay. gent nay gemaps kii jung mein hasah liyaa jehaan wah zakhmi how gayaa. asay 16 ayee regent ddee cheesors aey cheeval mein "sheef ddee escadron" (meejar) kay toor parr tarqi dee gayee aur iss nay shamaal kii foj mein general pekot-demper kay liye batoor amdaad kaam kiyaa jiss nay famiron kii jung mein hasah liyaa. inhein 7 satambar 1793 kuu karnal kay ahday parr tarqi dee gayee. iss kay baad gent kuu general caller meen kay cheef aaf staaf kay toor parr alpas kii foj mein muntaqil kirr diyaa gayaa. inhon nay francisi inqilabi jangon kii atalvi mahmaat mein khidmaat anjaam dain aur eyen aaisari aur mont-blank kay mahkamon kay liye national gaard kii kaptani kii. 1796 mein inhein aarmi ddee holland mein muntaqil kirr diyaa gayaa. 1 aktobar 1799 kuu gent kuu guadilope bheja gayaa aur 14 jolayi 1800 kuu qayem maqaam brigadier general kay ahday parr tarqi dee gayee. gent 5 jolayi 1801 kuu frigate "carnely" parr sawaar how kirr france waps aayaa aur retire hawaa. 1810 mein iss nay dobarah apnaa commission sanbhala jazirah namaa kii jung kay doraan holland aur speen mein khidmaat anjaam dain. inhon nay 21 joone 1813 kuu vittoriya kii jung mein khood kuu mamtaz kiyaa aur 1 satambar 1813 kuu inhein leejan aaf aanar kaa night banaya gayaa. inhon nay brine (29 januri 1814)yee montmerial (11 faroori) aur aarsees-sarr-aubey (20 maarch) kii jung mein hasah liyaa. 15 mayee cow brigadier general kay toor parr inn kay commission kii tasdiq hoyee. 1814 mein borban reestoran mein wah retire honay parr majbur how gayey aur 13 faroori 1815 kuu sue dunon kay doraan night aaf dee arder aaf sent lois muqarar kiye gayey aur inhein aine kay mahkame kaa incharge muqarar kiyaa gayaa. waterlo kii jung kay baad wah lawair nadee kay peeche peeche hutt gayaa aur dobarah eek foji commission haasil karnay kii koshish kii jiss mein prefect jaine jaiks bodd kii madad say aine mein federations kii rees batalin kii koshish kii gayee leakin asay dobarah retire honaa padaa. nott aur hawalah jaat. hajm. 68

fffc801f04a0d864fabf1d27be6010375ef8109d5a26b75cf1bbb08071e5aef1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2126515

New Bataan

New Bataan Municipality in Davao de Oro, Philippines New Bataan, officially the Municipality of New Bataan (; ), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Davao de Oro, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 51,466 people. Geraldford N. Balbin has been its mayor since July 2016. It is about from Compostela, from the provincial capital Nabunturan, and from Tagum City. The municipality was founded on 18 June 1968, through Republic Act No. 4756. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 51,466 people. The town's festivals include "Araw" Celebration, held annually on 18 June; Founder's Day, held every 10 August; Sal’lupongan Festival, held every 13 June. Its patron saint is Saint Anthony of Padua. The municipality was one of the hardest-hit towns of Typhoon Pablo when it hit the town on 4 December 2012. With then First Lady Luz Banzon-Magsaysay who helped in the approval of the town site reservation in now Barangay Cabinuangan, the municipality got its name in honor to her who came and got prominence in Bataan Province, where also Tagalog settlers in the area came from during Commonwealth and post-World War II periods. Geography. New Bataan has a total land area of "PSGC unknown" and is situated north and west of Davao Oriental province; south of Municipality of Compostela and west of Municipality of Maragusan. It is surrounded by mountain ranges, with over 50% of its territory being forest cover that has been the source of livelihood for some people living there. The barangays of New Bataan that are mostly covered with forest are Andap, Tandawan, Camanlangan, Manurigao. Manurigao is the most remote among the barangay because of the absence of a better road and transportation. The municipality is also watered by various rivers. One of which is the Mayo River that flows from the mountain of Andap and empties into the Agusan River. The Batoto river is also one of the biggest, it flows from the western part of the area. The northwestern portion of the municipality forms part on the contiguous plain of Compostela valley. Barangays. New Bataan is politically divided into 16 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios. Demographics. In the 2020 census, the population of New Bataan was 51,466 people, with a density of . Transportation. Road network (within the LGU territory): References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

notun baatan niu baatan, anusthanikbhabe niu batanor pouroxobha (;), philipinesor dabhau di oru prodexor ekhon prothom shrenir pouroxobha. 2020 sonor lukpiyol onuxori iyar jonoxongkhya 51,466 john. geraldford eno. 2016 sonor july maahor poraa balbin iyar meyor hoi aase. ee pray kompo 'steller poraa, pradexik rajdhani nobunturanor poraa, aaru tagum sohoror poraa. 1968 sonor 18 junot republic act nongro joriyote pouroxobhatu protistha koraa hoisil. 4756. 2020 sonor lukpiyol onuxori iyar jonoxongkhya 51,466 john. sohorkhonor utxobxomuhor bhitorot aase proti bosore 18 junot onusthito huwa "aaru" udjapon; proti 10 aagostot onusthito huwa protisthapok dibox; proti 13 junot onusthito huwa chaal 'lupungan utxob. iyar pristhopuxok xonto hoise paduwar xonto enthoni. 2012 sonor 4 disemborot typhoon pabolur folot sohorkhonot aakromon huwar xomoyot pouroxobhatu typhoon pabolur ataitkoi besi khyotigrosto sohorxomuhor bhitorot ekhon aasil. baatan prodexor poraa ohaa probrojonkarixokolor poraa sohorkhonor naamtu puwa goisil jixokole commonwealth baa juddho-poroborti xomoyot sohorkhonot boxoti sthapon korisil. bhugul. niu batanor muth bhumi eleka aase aaru ee dabhau prasyo prodexor uttor aaru poschime owosthito; kompo 'stella pouroxobhar dokhyine aaru maragusan pouroxobhar poschime. iyar 50 xotangxotkoiu odhik onchol bonancholore abrito hoi porise, ji taat baax koraa kisuman lukor jiwikar utxo hoi aahise. notun botanor borongaibur jibur besibhag oronyore abrito, xeibur hoise andap, tondawan, kamanlangan, monurigaon. unnot poth aaru poribohonor obhawor baabe borongair bhitorot monurigaon ataitkoi duroborti. pouroxobhatu bibhinno nodir dwarau paanee jugan dhora hoy. iyar bhitorot etaa hoise andap porbotor poraa boi goi aagusan nodit porinot huwa meyu nodee. batutu nodiu ataitkoi dangor nodiburor bhitorot etaa, ee oncholtur pubo ongxor poraa boi yaay. pouroxobhar uttor-pubo ongxo kompo 'stella upotyokar xonglogno xomobhumit ongxo gothon kore. borongai. notun botanok rajnoitikbhabe 16taa boranget bibhokto koraa hoise. protitu barangait puruk thaake aanhate kisumanor poristhiti thaake. jonogathoni. 2020 sonor lukopiyolot notun batanor jonoxongkhya aasil 51,466 john, jaar ghonotwo aasil. poribohon. pothor network (el. ji. eu. oncholor bhitorot):

notun batan neu batan, anusthanikbhabe neu batan pourosobha (;), phillipiner davao deey oro prodesher ekti 1maum shrenir pourosobha. 2020 saaler jonogonona anujayi, err jonosongkha 51,466 john. geraldford enn. 2016 saaler julai maas theke balbin err meyor. etty pray compostella theke, pradeshik rajdhani nabunturan theke ebong tagum shohor theke. pourosobhati 1968 saaler 18ee june projatontro aain nong-err madhyome protisthito hoyechilo. 4756. 2020 saaler jonogonona anujayi, err jonosongkha 51,466 john. shohorer utsabgulir modhye royeche "aaraa" udjapon, jaa proti bochor 18ee june onusthito hoy; protisthata dibos, jaa proti 10ee august onusthito hoy; saal 'lupangan utsab, jaa proti 13ee june onusthito hoy. err pristhoposhok sadhu hollen paduar sonto anthony. 2012 saaler 4thhaa december shohortite aghat hunner somoy pourosobhati typhoon publo-err sabcheye beshi khotigrosto shahargulir modhye ekti chhilo. shaharti taar naam peyeche batan pradesh theke assa abhibasider kachh theke jaaraa commonwealth baa juddho-poroborti somoye shohore bosoti sthapon korechilo. bhugol. neu bataner moat jomir poriman davao prachya prodesher uttor oo poschime abosthito; compostella pourosobhar dakkhine ebong maragusan pourosobhar poschime. etty porbotmala dwara beshtito, err 50 shotangshero beshi anchal bonovumi jaa sekhane bosobaskari kichhu manusher jibikar utso. notun bataner barangaiguli jaa beshirbhag bonn dwara achchadito seguli holl andap, tandaoan, kamanlangan, manurigao. unnoto sadak oo poribohoner abhabe barangaiyer modhye manurigao sabcheye prottonto. pourosobhati bivinno nodee dwarao joll sarbaraha koraa hoy. err modhye ekti holl mayo nodee jaa andap porboto theke probahito hoye agusan nodiite potito hoy. batoto nadio brihottomo nadigulir modhye ekti, etty eyi anchaler purbo ongsho theke probahito hoy. pourosobhar uttor-purbo ongsho compostella upottokar sanglagna samabhumir ongsho gathon korey. barangai. notun batan rajnaitikbhabe 16tii barangete bivokto. protiti barangai purok royeche ebong kichhu jaiga abosthan royeche. jonosongkha. 2020 saaler adamshumari onusare, notun bataner jonosongkha chhilo 51,466 john, jaar ghonotto chhilo poribohon. sadak network (ell. zii. eu anchaler modhye):

navoo button nyu button, sattavaar reete nyu bataannee nagarpalika (;), phillipinesna daavo dha oro praantmaa pratham vargnee nagarpalika chhe. 2020nee vastee ganatari anusaar, tenee vastee 51,466 lokonee chhe. geraldford aena. balbin julai 2016thee tenaa mayer chhe. teey lagbhag khaatar, praantiy raajdhaani nabunturan aneey tagam shaherthi chhe. nagarpalikani sthaapnaa 18 juuna 1968naa roj prajasattak adhiniyam nann. 4756. 2020nee vastee ganatari anusaar, tenee vastee 51,466 lokonee chhe. shahernaa tahevaroma "aroo" ujavanino samaavesh thaay chhe, jeey darr varshe 18 junanaa roj yojaay chhe; sthaapak divas, darr 10 augustna roj yojaay chhe; saal 'lupongan tahevaar, darr 13 junanaa roj yojaay chhe. tenaa aashraydata sant paduana sant anthony chhe. 4 december 2012naa roj jyaare aaa shaher traatakyu tyaare nagarpalika typhoon pablona sauthee vadhu asargrast shaheromaanu aek hatoo. aaa shahernu naam button prantmathi aavela sthalaantar karnaaraao parthee padyu chhe jeo commonwealth athavaa yuddh pachhinaa samaygaalaa darmiyan shaherma sthaayi thayaa hataa. bhugol. nyu bataanno coole jameen vistaar chhe aneey teey daavo oriental praantnee uttar aneey pashchimma stheet chhe; compostellani nagarpalikani dakshine aneey maragusanni nagarpalikani pashchimma. teey parvatmaalaaothi gheraayelu chhe, teno 50 takaathi vadhu vistaar jungle aachchhadan chhe jeey tyaan raheta ketlaak loko maate aajivikano srot rahyo chhe. navaa bataannaa barangay jeey motaabhaage jangalthi dhankayela chhe temaa endup, tandvaan, kemanlangan, manureegao chhe. vadhu saaraa maarg aneey parivahannaa abhavne kaarane manureegao barangayma sauthee door chhe. nagarpalikane pann viveedh nadeeo dwara paanee aapvama aave chhe. jemathi aek meyo nadee chhe jeey endap parvat parthee vahe chhe aneey agusan nadimaa bhalee jaay chhe. batoto nadee pann sauthee motee nadiomaanee aek chhe, jeey aaa vistaarnaa purv bhagmathi vahe chhe. nagarpalikano uttarpurviy bhaag khaatar kheennaa sanlagn medaanno bhaag chhe. barangay. navaa bataanne raajkeey reete 16 barangayma vahenchvaamaa aavyu chhe. darek barangema purok hoya chhe jyaare ketalakma sthitee hoya chhe. vastee vishhayak. 2020nee vastee ganatarimaa, navaa bataannee vastee 51,466 lokonee hatee, jenee ghanata 51,466 hatee. parivahan. maarg network (aela. jee. yuu. pradeshni andar):

nayaa bataan nyu bataan, aadhikarik taur parr nyu bataan kii nagarpalika (;), phillippeans key daavo dee oro praant mein ack pratham shreni kii nagarpalika haye. 2020 kii janganana key anusaar, isaki aabaadi 51,466 logon kii haye. geraldford aine. balbin julaai 2016 seey isake mahapour hain. yeh lagbhag compostella seey, praantiya rajdhani nabanaturan seey aur tagum shahar seey haye. nagarpalika kii sthaapana 18 juuna 1968 koo ganarajya adhiniyam sankhya key madhyam seey kii gaee thee. 4756. 2020 kii janganana key anusaar, isaki aabaadi 51,466 logon kii haye. shahar key tyohaaron mein "aaraa" utsav shamil haye, joe salana 18 juuna koo aayojit kiya jaataa haye; sansthaapak divas, harr 10 agast koo aayojit kiya jaataa haye; saal 'lupongan utsav, harr 13 juuna koo aayojit kiya jaataa haye. isake sanrakshak sant padua key sant anthony hain. 4 disambar 2012 koo jaba yeh shahar mein aaya tou nagarpalika toofaan pablo key sabse adhik prabhaavit shaharon mein seey ack thaa. shahar kaa naam bataan praant seey aaney vaale pravasiyon seey milaa joe rashtramandal yaa yuddh key baad kii avadhi key dauran shahar mein buss gaye they. bhugol. nyu bataan kaa kull bhoomi kshetra haye aur yeh daavo oriental praant key uttar aur paschim mein sthit haye; compostella kii nagarpalika key dakshin mein aur maragusson kii nagarpalika key paschim mein sthit haye. yeh parvat shrinkhalaon seey ghiraa huaa haye, isake 50 pratishat seey adhik kshetra vann kshetra haye joe vahaan rahane vaale kuchh logon key liye aajeevika kaa srot rhaa haye. nae bataan key barangay joe jyaadaatar jangal seey dhake hue hain, way hain endup, tandwan, kaimanlangan, manurigaon. behtar sadak aur parivahan key abhaav mein manurigaon barangaya mein sabse doorasth haye. nagarpalika koo vibhinn nadiyon dwara bhee paani diyaa jaataa haye. jinamen seey ack meyo nadee haye joe andap key pahaad seey bahati haye aur agusan nadee mein girati haye. batoto nadee bhee sabse badee haye, yeh kshetra key purvi bhaag seey bahati haye. nagarpalika kaa poorvottar bhaag compostella ghaati key sannihit maidan kaa hissa haye. baranges. nayaa bataan raajneetik roop seey 16 barangayon mein vibhajit haye. pratyek barangaya mein purok hotey hain jabaki kuchh mein sthitiyaan hoti hain. jansankhyiki. 2020 kii janganana mein, nae bataan kii aabaadi 51,466 logon kii thee, jiska ghanatva thaa. parivahan. sadak network (ell. jee. yuu. kshetra key bheetar):

hosa button nyoo button, adhikrutavaagi nyoo button purasabheyu (;), phillipinesna davo dii oro praantyada 1neey darjeya purasabheyagide. 2020rahra janaganatiya prakara, idu 51,466 janasankhyeyannu hondide. geraldford enn. balbin 2016rahra julaininda adara mayer agiddare. idu kaampostelaadinda, praantiya rajadhani nabanturanninda mattu tagum nagaradinda sumaru. purasabheyannu 18 zoon 1968 randu ganarajya kaayide namm. 4756. 2020rahra janaganatiya prakara, idu 51,466 janasankhyeyannu hondide. pattanada habbagalalli vaarshikavaagi zoon 18randu nadeyuva "arav" acharaneyoo, prati august 10randu nadeyuva sthapaka dinavoo, prati zoon 13randu nadeyuva sallupongan utsavavoo serive. idara poshaka santaru paduwa santa anthony. 2012rahra december 4randu ee nagaravannu appalisidaaga ee purasabheyu pablo chandamarutadinda atyanta hecchu hanigolagada pattanagalli ondaagittu. kamanwealth athawa yuddhaanantarada avadhiyalli pattanadalli nelesida button praantyadinda banda valasigarinda ee pattanakke tanna hesarannu nidalaayitu. bhougolika. nyoo button ottu bhoopradeshavannu hondide mattu idu davo oriental praantyada uttara mattu pashchimadallide; compostella purasabheya dakshinakke mattu maragusan purasabheya paschimakke ide. idu parvata shrenigalinda aavrutavaagide, adara pradeshada shekada 50 kkinta hecchu aranya pradeshavaagiddu, allie vasisuva kelavu janarige jeevanoopaayada moolavaagide. hechchaagi aranyadinda aavrutavaagiruva hosa button barangegalu undup, tandavan, kamanlangan, manurigaon. uttama raste mattu saarigeya korateyindagi manurigaon barangainalli atyanta doorada pradeshavaagide. purasabheyu vividha nadigalindaloo niraavariyannu hondide. avugalalli ondu andop parvatadinda hariyuva mattu agusson nadige seruva meyo nadiyagide. ee pradeshada purva bhagadinda hariyuva batoto nadiyu atidodda nadigalli ondaagide. purasabheya eeshaanya bhagavu compostella kaniveya pakkada bayalu pradeshada bhagavagide. barangegalu. hosa button annu raajakiyavaagi 16 barangaygalagi vingadisalaagide. prati barangaiyu purokgalannu hondiddare, kelavu sthalagalannu hondive. janasankhyaashaastra. 2020rahra janaganatiyalli, hosa button janasankhyeyu 51,466 aagiddu, idara saandrateyu. saarige. raste jaala (ell. zii. yuu. pradeshadolage):

puthiya battaan philippainsile davo dii ooroo pravishyayile onnaam klaas munisippaalittiyaan nyoo battaan, audyogikamaayi nyoo battaan munisippaalitti (;). 2020leeii sensus prakaram 51,466 peraanu ivideyullathu. jeraldford enn. 2016 juulai muthal balbin athinte meyaraanu. compostalayil ninnum pravishya thalasthaanamaaya nabundooraanil ninnum tagam nagaratthil ninnumaanu ithu sthithicheyyunnathu. 1968 juun 18nuu republic act nambar 1 vazhiyaan munisippaalitti sthaapithamaayathu. 4756. 2020leeii sensus prakaram 51,466 peraanu ivideyullathu. ellah varshavum juun 18 nuu nadakkunna "aaroo" aakhosham; ellah august 10 num nadakkunna sthaapaka dinam; ellah juun 13 num nadakkunna saal 'lupongan utsavam enniva pattanatthile uthsavangalil ulppedunnu. athinte rakshaadhikaari vishudhan paaduvayile vishudha anthoniyaanu. 2012 desember 4 nuu pattanatthil veeshiyadichappol pablo chuzhalikkaattinte ettavum kooduthal naashanashtamundaaya pattanangalilonnaanu munisippaalitti. komanvelthu kaalaghattatthilo yudhaananthara kaalaghattatthilo pattanatthil sthirathaamasamaakkiya battaan pravisyayil ninnu vanna kudiyettakkaaril ninnaan pattanatthinu eee peru labhichathu. bhoomishaasthram. nyoo battaanin motham bhoopradesamundu, ithu davo ooriyantal pravishyayude vadakkum padinjaarum sthithicheyyunnu; compostela munisippaalittikk thekkum maragusan munisippaalittikk padinjaarum. parvathanirakalaal chuttappettirikkunna eee pradeshatthinte 50 sathamaanathiladhikam vanamekhalayaanu, athu avide thamasikkunna chilarude upajeevanamaargamaan. andup, thantawan, kamanlangan, manurigaon ennivayaanu kooduthalum vanangalaal moodappettirikkunna puthiya battaanile baramgekal. mechappetta road gathagathavum illaathathinaal baramgaayiyil ettavum vidooramaanu manurigaon. munisippalittiyil vividha nadikal jalasechanavum nadathunnundu. athilonnaanu andap parvathatthil ninnu ozhuki aguzan nadiyilekku ozhukunna maayo nadhi. eee pradeshatthinte kizhakkan bhaagath ninnu ozhukunna battotto nadhi ettavum valia nadikalilonnaanu. munisippaalittiyude vadakkukizhakkan bhagam compostela thaazhvarayude thudarchayaaya samathalathinte bhagamaanu. baaramgaikal. puthiya battaan raashtreeyamaayi 16 baramgaayukalaayi vibhajikkappettirikkunnu. oro baramgaayilum poorokkukalum chilathil sittiyokalum undu. janasamkhyaashaasthram. 2020leeii sensus prakaram puthiya battaan janasamkhya 51,466 aayirunnu. gathagatham. rooad shringhala (ell. jii. yuu pradeshathinullil):

naveen bataan nyu buttan, adhikrutpane nyu batanchi nagarpalika (;), hii phillipineschya davao dii oro prantatil pratham shrenichi nagarpalika aahe. 2020 chya jangananenusar, tyachi loksankhya 51,466 aahe. geraldford aine. balbin julai 2016 pasoon tyache mahapour aahet. heey compostellapasoon, prantiy rajdhani nabanturanpasun aanee tagum shaharapasun aahe. 18 juuna 1968 roji prajasattak kayada kra. 4756. 2020 chya jangananenusar, tyachi loksankhya 51,466 aahe. shaharachya utsavanmadhye darvarshi 18 juuna roji aayojit keela jaanara 'arav' utsav, darr 10 august roji aayojit keela jaanara sansthapak deane, darr 13 juuna roji aayojit keela jaanara saal 'lupongan utsav yancha samavesh aahe. tyache snrakshak sant heey paduache sant anthony aahet. 4 december 2012 roji jevha chakrivadalane shaharala dhadak dilee tevha nagarpalika heey pablochya sarvat jaast fatka basalelya shaharanpaiki eka hote. rashtrakul kinwa yuddhanantarchya kalat shaharat sthayik jhalelya buttan prantatoon aalelya sthalantaritanvarun yaa shaharala tyache naav midale. bhoogol. nyu batanche ekoon kshetrafal aahe aanee teey davo prachya prantachya uttar aanee paschimela vasalele aahe; compostelachya nagarpalikechya dakshines aanee maragusanachya nagarpalikechya paschimes. tyachya sabhovati parvataranganni vedhalele aahe, 50 takkyanhun adhik pradesh vann aachchhadit aahe, joou tethe tethe kahee lokanchya upajivikecha srot aahe. undup, tandwan, kamanlangan, manurigaon heey naveen batananche barangay aahet jeey bahutek jangalanni vyapalele aahet. changla rasta aanee vahtook naslyamule manurigaon heey barangaymadhye sarvat durgam aahe. nagarpalikela vividh nadyannihi paanee dile aahe. tyapaiki eka meyo nadee aahe jee undup dongaratoon vahate aanee agusan nadeet milate. batoto nadee hii dekhil sarvat mothya nadinpaiki eka aahe, tee yaa bhagachya purvekadil bhagatoon vahate. nagarpalikecha ishanya bhag compostella compostella sanlagn maidanacha bhag aahe. barangay. naveen bataan rajkiyadrushtya 16 barangemadhye vibhagale gele aahe. pratyek barangemadhye purok asatat tarr kahinna paristhiti asate. loksankhyashastra. 2020 chya jangananenusar, naveen batanchi loksankhya 51,466 hotee, jyachi ghanata 5,46 hotee. vahtook. rastyanche jaale (ell. jee. yuu. pradeshantargat):

nayan buttan nayan buttan, adhikarik rupma nayan batanko nagarpalika (;), filipinsko dawao day oro prantako pahilo shreniko nagarpalika how. sann 2020 ko janaganaanusar yasako janasankhya 51,466 raheko chha. geraldford enn. balbin july 2016 dekhi yasako meyer raheko chha. yo compostela, prantiya rajdhani nabunturan rar tagum saharbata lagbhag chha. nagarpalika 18 june 1968 maa ganatantra aina nan. 4756. sann 2020 ko janaganaanusar yasako janasankhya 51,466 raheko chha. saharka chadaparwaharuma "arah" utsava samawesh chha, june warshik rupma 18 junema ayojit hunchha; sansthapak diwas, pratyek 10 augustma ayojit; saal 'lupongan utsava, pratyek 13 junema ayojit hunchha. yasako sanrakshak santa paduaka santa anthony hun. 4 december 2012 maa saharma aeko typhune pabloko sabaibhanda badhi prabhawit saharharu madhye yo nagarpalika ek thiyo. rashtramandal wa yuddhapachhiko awadhima saharma basobas garne buttan prantabata aeka aprawasiharubata saharko naam aeko how. bhugol. nayan batanko kull bhumi khetra chha rar yo dawao prachya prantako uttar rar paschimma awasthit chha; compostela nagarpalikako dakshinma rar maragussion nagarpalikako paschimma. yo parwat shringkhalaharule gherieko chha, yasako 50 pratishatbhanda badhi khetra wann khetra how june tyahan basne kehi manisharuko jiwikako srota bhaeko chha. prayaha junglele dhakieka nayan batanka barangaiharu endop, tandawan, kamanlangan, manurigao hun. ramro sadak rar yatayatko abhawaka karan manurigao barangayamadhye sabaibhanda durgam chha. nagarpalikalai pani vibhinna nadiharule pani pani. jasmadhye euta meyo nadi how june endapko pahadbata bagchha rar agusan nadima khascha. batoto nadi pani sabaibhanda thulo nadi how, yo kshetrako purvi bhagbata bagchha. nagarpalikako uttarpurvi bhag compostela uptyakako chheuchhauko maidanko bhag how. barangaiharu. nayan buttan rajnitik rupma 16 wata barangayama vibhajit chha. pratyek barangayama purokharu hunchhan bhane kehima sitioharu hunchhan. janasankhyiki. sann 2020 ko janaganaanusar nayan batanko janasankhya 51,466 thiyo, jasko ghanatwa 5 lakh 5 saya 6 thiyo. yatayat. sadak sanjal (lgu khetrabhitra):

nooa buttan nyu batan, sarkari bhabe nyu batan (;) rahr pourapalika, philipinesra dabhao dii oro pradeshar eka pratham shrenira pourapalika. 2020 janganana anujai, ehara janasankhya 51,466. geraldford enn. balbin july 2016 ru ehara meyer achanti. ehaa praiah compostelaru, pradeshika rajdhani nabunturanaru ebong tagum sahararu. ehi pourapalika 18 june 1968 ray ganatantra adhiniam nong. 4756. 2020 janganana anujai, ehara janasankhya 51,466. saharar parbaparbaneegudika madhyare rahichhi "aaraa" utsaba, jaahaa pratibarsha june 18 ray anusthita hue; pratisthata dibasa, jaahaa prati august 10 ray anusthita hue; saal 'lupongan parba, jaahaa prati june 13 ray anusthita hue . ehara prusthaposhaka santha heuchhanti paduara santha anthony. 2012 december 4 tarikhare jetebele ehi saharaku aaghata karithila, setebele ehi municipality typhoon pablo dwara sabutharu adhika prabhabita saharagudika madhyaru anyatama thila. rajyagosthi kimba juddha parabarti samajare saharare basati sthapana karithiba batan pradesharu asithiba prabaseemananka thaaru ehi saharar naama aasichhi. bhugol. nyu batanra mote khetraphala heuchhi dabhao prachya pradeshar uttara ebong paschimare; compostela pourapalikara dakhinare ebong maragussan pourapalikara paschimare abasthita. ehaa parbatamalare paribestita, ehara 50 pratishataru adhika anchala jangala aachadita jaahaa sethare rahuthiba kichhi lokanka paain jeebika utsa . nutan buttaner barangaigudika, jaahaa mukhyatah jangalare aachadita, segudika helah andap, tandawana, kamanalangana, manurigao. unnat sadaka ebong paribahanara abhaba hetu barangaja madhyare manurigao heuchhi sabutharu durgama . pourapalika madhya bibhinna nadee dwara jalajita hoithae. sethi madhyaru gotie heuchhi meyo nadee jaahaa andap parbataru prabahita hoi agusan nadeere mishithae . batoto nadee madhya sabutharu budd nadee madhyaru gotie, ehaa ehi anchalara purba bhagaru prabahita hoithae. pourapalikara uttara-purba bhaga compostela upatyakara sanlagna samatalabhumira anshabisesha. barangai. nooa buttan rajanaitika drustiru 16tii barangejare bibhakta. pratyeka barangere puroka rahithiba bele ketekanka thaare sthiti rahichhi. janasankhyika. 2020 janganana anujai, nutan buttaner janasankhya 51,466 thila, jahara ghanatwa thila. paribahana. sadaka netawarka (ell. jii. jayu. anchala madhyare):

navaan bataan nioo bataan, adhikarak taur utte nioo bataan dee municipality (;), philipines dey davo dee oro prant witch ikk pahili shreni dee municipality haii. 2020 dee mardamshumari anusar, iss dee aabadi 51,466 lokan dee haii. geraldford ainn. balbin julai 2016 toon iss daa mayer haii. ih compostella toon, subai rajdhani nabanturan toon atey tagum shehar toon haii. municipality dee sathapana 18 juun 1968 noon gantantar aikat nann. 4756. 2020 dee mardamshumari anusar, iss dee aabadi 51,466 lokan dee haii. shehar dey tiuharan witch "aaraa" jashan shamal haii, joe harr saal 18 juun noon aayojit keeta jaanda haii; sansthapak divas, harr 10 agast noon aayojit keeta jaanda haii; saal 'lupongan tiuhar, harr 13 juun noon aayojit keeta jaanda haii. iss dey sarprast sant padua dey sant anthony hunn. municipality toofan pablo dey sabh toon vaddh prabhavit shahiran vicchon ikk see jadon ih 4 dasambar 2012 noon shehar witch aaiaa see. iss shehar daa naam bataan prant toon aae parvasiaan toon piaa haii joe rashtarmandal jaan yuddh toon baad dey samein dauran shehar witch vas gaye sunn. bhugol. nioo bataan daa kull zamini khetar haii atey ih davo purbi prant dey uttar atey pachham witch sathit haii; compostella dee municipality dey dakkhan witch atey maragusana dee municipality dey pachham witch sathit haii. ih pahadi ladivaran naal ghiriaa hoiaa haii, iss daa 50 pratishat toon vaddh khetar janglan naal ghiriaa hoiaa haii joe utthe rahinn vaale kujh lokan laee rozzy-rotty daa sarot riha haii. navein bataan dey barange joe ziaadaatar janglan naal dhake hoye hunn, uh hunn undup, tandavan, cammonlungen, manurigao. bihtar sadak atey aavajai dee anhond caarn manurigao barange vicchon sabh toon door haii. municipality noon vakkh-vakkh nadiaan duaara vee paanee ditta jaanda haii. jinhan vicchon ikk meyo nadee haii joe undop dey pahaad toon vahindi haii atey agusan nadee witch mill jaandi haii. batoto nadee vee sabh toon vaddi haii, ih khetar dey purbi hisse toon vahindi haii. municipality daa uttar-purbi hissa compostella ghaati dey naal laggde maidaan daa hissa haii. barange. navaan bataan rajneetak taur utte 16 barange witch vandiaa hoiaa haii. harek barange witch purok hunde hunn jadon kii kujh witch sathitiaan hundiaan hunn. jansankhiaa. 2020 dee mardamshumari witch, navein bataan dee aabadi 51,466 lokan dee see, jiss dee ghanta see. aavajai. sadak network (ail. jee. yuu. khetar dey ander):

nootanam bataan nyoo bataan, aadhikaarikaroopen nyoo bataan ityasya nagarapalika (;), philipines-deshasya daavo dey oro-prantasya prathamashreni nagarapalika asti. 2020 janaganananusaram asya janasankhyaa 51,466 janaah santi. geraldford enn. balbin 2016 julai-masat asya mahaapaurah asti. ayam praayah compostella-nagaraat, prantiyarajadhani nabunturaan-nagaraat, taagum-nagaraat cha asti. nagarapalika 18 joon 1968 tame dine ganarajya-adhiniyam-nam dwara sthaapitah. 4756. 2020 janaganananusaram asya janasankhyaa 51,466 janaah santi. nagarasya utsaveshu "aara" utsavah antarbhavati, yah prativarsham joon 18 dinaanke aayojyate; samsthaapakadivasah, yah prati august 10 dinaanke aayojyate; saallupongan utsavah, yah prati joon 13 dinaanke aayojyate. asya samrakshakah santah paduvaa-nagarasya santah enthonee asti. 2012 december 4 dinaanke yadaa taifoon-paablo-ityasya prakopah abhavat tadaa nagarapalika sarvaadhikam peeditaasu nagareshu anyatama aasit. bataan-prantat aagantatyah pravaasinah kaamanvelt-deshe vaa yuddhanantaram vaa asmin nagare sthitaah iti karanat asya nagarasya naam praaptam. bhoogolah. nyoo bataan ityasya kulabhookshetram, daavaavo-prachya-prantasya uttarpashchimayoh cha madhye, compostella-nagarapalikayaha dakshine, maragusan-nagarapalikayaha pashchime cha asti. ayam parwatarangaih pariveshtitah asti, tasya 50 pratishatatah adhikah pradesha vanakshetrah asti, yah tatra nivasataam keshaanchan jananam jeevikaayaah srotah asti. nootan-bataan-pradeshasya barange-kshetraani, ye adhikatayaa vanaihi aacchaaditaah santi, te andap, tandaavan, kamanlaangan, manurigaav ityete santi. uttamamaargasy parivahanasya cha abhaavaat manurigaav-nagaram barangaya-pradeshebhyah atidooram asti. nagarapalika api vividhanadyaih jalamayah asti. teshu anyatamah meyo-nadee asti yaa andap-parwatah pravahantee agusan-nadyaa militavatee. batoto-nadee api bruhattameshu nadyah asti, kshetrasya purvabhagat pravahati. nagarapalikayaha eeshanyabhagaha compostella-upatyakayaha sanlagna-samatalasy bhaagah asti. baarangay. nootanah bataan-pradesha rajanaitikadrushtya 16 barangaay-madhye vibhaktah asti. pratyekam barange purok ityetaih yuktam asti, keshuchit sthaaneshu sthitihi asti. janasaamkhyikee. 2020 janaganananusaram nutanasya bataan-nagarasya janasankhyaa 51,466 aasit, yasya ghanatvam 51,466 aasit. parivahanam. margajalaha (ell. jee. yoo.-kshetraantargatah):

puthiya pathaan neu pathaan, athikaarappoorvamaaga neu padaan nagaraatchi (;), philippainsin davo dii ooroa maagaanaththil ulla 1 vadhu vaguppu nagaraatchi aagum. 2020 makkal thogai kanakkeduppinpadi, idhan makkal thogai 51,466 aagum. jeraldford enn. balbin juulai 2016 muthal adhan maeyaraaga irunthu varukiraar. idhu compostela, maagaanath thalaynagaraana nabunduraan mattrum daagam nagaraththilirunthu varukirathu. inththa nagaraatchi 18 juun 1968 andru kudiyarasuch sattam enn. 4756. 2020 makkal thogai kanakkeduppinpadi, idhan makkal thogai 51,466 aagum. nagaraththin thiruvizhaakkalil aanduthoarum juun 18 andru nadaiperum "aaraa" kondaattam adangkum; niruvanar thinam, ovvoru august 10 aam thaethiyum nadaththappadukirathu; ovvoru juun 13 aam thaethiyum nadaiperum sall 'lupongan thiruvilaa. adhan puravalar punidhar paduvaa punidhar anthoni aavaar. disambar 4,2012 andru nagaraththaith thaakkiyapoathu bablo sooraavaliyaal migavum kadumaiyaaga paathikkappatta nagarangalil nagaraatchiyum ontraakum. podhunalavaaya allathu poarukkup pinththaiya kaalakattathil inththa nagaraththil kudiyaeriya pathaan maagaanaththilirunthu vantha pulampeyarnthoaridamirunthu inththa nagaram adhan peyaraip pettrathu. puviyiyal. puthiya pathaan moththa nilaparappaik kondullathu mattrum davo ooriyandal maagaanaththin vadakku mattrum maerkae amainthullathu; compostela nagaraatchikku therkae mattrum maragusan nagaraatchikku maerkae amainthullathu. idhu malaiththodargalaal soozhappattullathu, adhan nilapparappil 50 sathaveethaththirkum athigamaana vanappaguthigal angku vasikkum silarukku vaazhvaathaara aathaaramaaka irunthu varukintrana. perumpaalum kaadugalaal moodappattirukkum puthiya pathaanin parangkaaikal andaap, thanthavan, kamanlangan, manurikav aagum. sirantha saalai mattrum poakkuvaraththu illaathathaal parangaai malaikalil manurikav migavum tholaithooraththil ullathu. inththa nagaraatchiyum palvaeru aarukalaal neerththup paaikirathu. avattril ondru andaap malaiyilirunthu paainthu akusan nadhiyil kalakkum maayoa aaru aagum. inthap paguthiyin kizhakkup paguthiyil irunthu paayum padodo nathiyum migap periya aarukalil ontraakum. nagaraatchiyin vadakizhakkup pakuthi urap pallaththaakkin thodarchchiyaana samaveliyin oru paguthiyaagum. parangaai. puthiya pathaan arasiyal reethiyaaga 16 parangkaekalaakap pirikkappattullathu. ovvoru parangkaeyilum proakkugal ullana, silavattril soozhnilaigal ullana. makkalthogai. 2020 makkal thogai kanakkeduppinpadi, puthiya pathaanin makkal thogai 51,466 aaga irunththathu, idhan adarththi. poakkuvaraththu. saalai network (ell. jii. yuu piraanthiyaththirkul):

kotta button nyuu button, adhikarikamga nyuu button municipality (;), philippeansloni davao dii oro provincelo 1va taragati municipality. 2020 janabha lekkala prakaram, dheeni janabha 51,466 mandhi. geraldford enn. balbin 2016 juulai nundi daani meyargaa unnaaru. idhi compostela nundi, provincial rajadhani nabanturan nundi mariyu tagum nagaram nundi undhi. eee munisipaalitiini 18 juun 1968naa republic chattam nem. 4756. 2020 janabha lekkala prakaram, dheeni janabha 51,466 mandhi. pattanamlooni pandugalalo etaa juun 18naa jarige "arra" vedukalu unnaayi; prati augustu 10naa jarige vyavasthaapaka dinotsavam; prati juun 13naa jarige sallupongan panduga. daani poeshaka sadhuvu paduva yokka seyint anthony. 2012 december 4naa eee pattanaanni taakinappudu eee municipality, paablo tuphaanu kaaranamgaa teevramgaa debbatinna pattanaalalo okatigaa undhi. commonwealth ledhaa yuddhaanantara kaalamlo pattanamlo sthirapadina button provins nundi vacchina valasadaarula nundi eee pattanaaniki eee paeru vachindi. bhougolikam. nyuu button mottam bhoobhaganni kaligi undhi mariyu idhi davo oriental provinsku uttara mariyu paschimamgaa undhi; compostela munisipaaliteeki dakshinaana mariyu maragusan munisipaaliteeki paschimaana undhi. idhi parvata shrenulatho chuttumuttabadi undhi, daani bhoobhaagamlo 50 saataaniki paiga atavee praantam, idhi akkada nivasistunna kontamandiki jeevanopaadhi vanarugaa undhi. ekkuvagaa adavulatho kappabadina kotta button yokka barangelu andap, tandavan, kamanlangan, manurigao. merugaina rahadari mariyu ravana lekapovadam valla manurigao barangelo atyanta maarumuula praantam. eee purapalaka sanghaaniki vividha nadulu kooda neeru andistaayi. veetilo okati andop parvatam nundi pravahinchi agussan nadiloe kalustundi. batoto nadhi kooda atipeddadi, idhi eee praantam yokka thoorpu bhaagam nundi pravahistundi. purapalaka sangham yokka eshaanya bhaagam compostela loya yokka pakkane unna maidaanamlo bhaagamgaa undhi. barangelu. kotta button rajakeeyamgaa 16 barangelugaa vibhajinchabadindi. prati barangelo purokulu untaayi, marikonnintilo paristhitulu untaayi. janabha. 2020 janabha lekkala prakaram, kotta button janabha 51,466 mandhi, dheeni saandrata. ravana. rahadari network (ell. zii. yuu bhoobhaagamlo):

neeya bataan neo baataan sarkaari toor parr neo baataan kii baldiyah (vovo)yee filpine kay subah dewaw ddee auro mein pehli darjay kii baldiyah hay. 2020 kii mardam shumari kay mutabiq iss kii aabadi 51,466 afraad parr mushtamil hay. geraldford aine. baalban jolayi 2016 say iss kay mear haine. yaha compostla say soobayi darulhukumat nabantoran say aur tegum shehar say hay. baldiyah kii bunyaad 18 joone 1968 kuu republik aikat number kay zariye rakhee gayee thee. 4756. 2020 kii mardam shumari kay mutabiq iss kii aabadi 51,466 afraad parr mushtamil hay. shehar kay tehwaron mein "araa" jashan shaamil hay juu harr saal 18 joone kuu munaqid hotaa hay vovo youm baanee juu harr 10 agast kuu munaqid hotaa hay vovo saal lopongan tehwaar juu harr 13 joone kuu munaqid hotaa hay. iss kay sarparast sunat padwa kay sunat anthoni haine. 4 dasambar 2012 kuu jabb yaha shehar say takra gayaa tuu yaha baldiyah samandari toofan publo kay sabb say ziyadah mutasir honay waalay shehron mein say eek thaa. iss qasbey kaa naam subah bataan say aaney waalay inn tarkeen watan say padaa hay juu dolat mushtarkah yaa jung kay baad kay arsey mein iss qasbey mein aabaad hoay thay. geografiya. neo baataan kaa kill raqbah hay aur yaha dewaw mashriqi soobay kay shamaal aur maghrab mein waaqa hay vovo compostla kii baldiyah kay janub mein aur margosan kii baldiyah kay maghrab mein. yaha pahaadi silsilon say gharaa hawaa hay iss kaa 50 faisad say ziyadah elaqah janglaat kaa ahatah hay juu wahaan rehney waalay kachh logon kay liye rozee roty kaa zariah rehaa hay. nayey bataan kay barangi juu ziyadah tarr janglaat say dahkay hoay haine inn mein aandap tandawan cammon langan manuregao shaamil haine. behatar sadak aur nql woo hamal kii adam maujudgi kii wajah say manuregao barangi mein sabb say door daraaz hay. baldiyah kuu bhee mukhtalif driyaon say paani milta hay. jinn mein say eek daryaae miyo hay juu aandaap kay pahaad say behta hay aur daryaae agosaan mein girr jaataa hay. batoto daryaa bhee sabb say baday driyaon mein say eek hay yaha elaqay kay mashriqi hasay say behta hay. baldiyah kaa shamaal mashriqi hasah compostla waadi kay malhaqah medaan kaa hasah hay. barangi. neeya baataan seyasi toor parr 16 barangi mein taqsim hay. harr barangi parr porks parr mushtamil hotaa hay jabkah kachh mein halaat hotay haine. aabadi. 2020 kii mardam shumari mein nayey bataan kii aabadi 51,466 afraad thee jiss kii kasafat 1.5 thee. nql woo hamal. sadak kaa neet wark (eel jee yuu elaqay kay andar):

fffc838cf561464b56e78a5906b218014cb1e4123909e7005589c1d73184192e

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27952157

Charleroi Historic District

Charleroi Historic District Historic house in Pennsylvania, United States Charleroi Historic District is a historic district in Charleroi, Washington County, Pennsylvania. It consists of almost 1700 buildings, built mainly from 1890 to 1920. Many of the buildings are wooden frame two-story front gabled residences, but others include brick stores, churches, union halls, and clubs. The district is located on a plain along the Monongahela River and the adjoining hills. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> Further reading. The first Masonic Lodge of the American Federation of the Droit Humain was created in Charleroi by Louis GOAZIOU (French) in 1903.Its name was Alfa Lodge N°301. This Obedience did allow women to be initiale and become a member with the same rights as men. (Co-Masonry) Source: le Droit Humain International- Marc Grosjean (Detrad) External links. Media related to at Wikimedia Commons

charleroy oitihaxik jilaa charleroy oitihaxik jilaa hoise pensylvanier waswington countyr charleroyor ekhon oitihaxik jilaa. iyat pray 1700 taa ottalika aase, jibur mulotoh 1890 sonor poraa 1920 sonoloike nirman koraa hoisil. bohutu ottalika kaathor framor dutaa moholar xonmukhor gablejukto baxosthan, kintu aanburor bhitorot itaar dukan, girja, union holl aaru club ontorbhukto aase. ei jilatu monunghela nodee aaru iyar kaxor paharor xomobhumit owosthito. proxongo. odhik porhok. aamerikan federation owo dyo droit humainor prothom mess 'nik loj charleroyot luiz guaziu (forasi) ror dwara 1903.its naamor aalfa loj n°301 too sristi koraa hoisil. ei agyabohotai mohilaxokolok adyakhyor huwar onumoti disil aaru puruxor dore eke odhikaror xoite xodosyo huwar onumoti disil. (xoho-rosona) utxoh ley droit human antohrastriyo-mark grozien (detrade)

charolroi oitihasik zela charleroy oitihasik zela pensylvanier washington kauntir charleroyer ekti oitihasik zela. etty pray 1700tii bhobon niye gothito, jaa mulat 1890 theke 1920 saal porjonto nirmito hoyechilo. onek bhobon kaather fremzukto duitala samoner geboljukto basosthan, tobey anyannogulir modhye royeche iter dokan, girja, union holl ebong club. jelati manangahela nodee ebong sanglagna pahader teere ekti somobhumite abosthito. reference. arow padun. american phedareshana off dya droit humainer prothom masnick laja charleroye lui gozio (farasi) dwara toiri koraa hoyechilo 1903.its naame chhilo alfa laja eno 301. eyi anugatya mohilader initial howar ebong purushder moto ekoi adhikar soho sadasya howar anumati diyechilo. (soho-rajmistri) sootroh leey droit human international-marqa grozien (detrade)

charlaroi aitihasik jeello charlaroi aitihasik jeello charlaroi, washington kaauntii, pensylvaniama aek aitihasik jeello chhe. temaa lagbhag 1700 imaarato chhe, jeey mukhyatve 1890 thee 1920 sudhee bandhvama aavee hatee. ghanee imaarato lakadani frameni beey maalnee aagalni gable rahethaano chhe, parantu anyamaa intani dukaano, charcho, union holl aneey clubno samaavesh thaay chhe. aaa jeello monongahela nadee aneey tenee najikni tekreeo saathe aek medaan parr stheet chhe. sandarbho. aagad vaanchan. american federation off dhaa droit humaine pratham mesnik loj charleroima luis goaziu (french) dwara 1903.its naammaa banavvama aavyu hatoo, jeey alfa loj n°301 hatoo. aaa aagnapalanthi mahilaaone praarambhik banvani aneey purushonaa samaan adheekaro saathe sabhy banvani manjuri malee hatee. (saha-chanatar) strotah leey droit humain aantarrashtriy-marqa grossgen (detrade)

charalroi aitihaasik jilaa charalroi aitihaasik jilaa charalroi, washington county, pensylvania mein ack aitihaasik jilaa haye. isamen lagbhag 1700 imaaraten hain, joe mukhya roop seey 1890 seey 1920 taka bunny hain. kaee imaaraten lakadi kii dou manjila frame vaale saamane vaale ghar hain, lekin anya mein eent kii dukaanen, church, union holl aur club shamil hain. yeh jilaa mononghela nadee aur usase satey pahaadiyon key saath ack maidan parr sthit haye. sandarbh. aage padhein. americi federation off dha droit human kaa pahala masnick lodge charlsaroi mein luis goji (french) dwara 1903.its naam mein banaaya gayaa thaa, alfa lodge n°301. iss aagyakarita ney mahilaaon koo praarambhik honey aur purushon key samaan adhikaaron key saath sadasya banane kii anumati dee. (saha-chinai) srotah leey droit human international-maark grossgen (detrad)

charleroy aitihaasika jille charleroy aitihaasika jilleyu pensilveniyaada washington kountiya charleroy nalliruva ondu aitihaasika jilleyaagide. idu mukhyavaagi 1890rinda 1920ravarege nirmisalaada sumaru 1700 kattadagalannu olagondide. aneka kattadagalu marada chaukattina eradu antastina mumbhagada gable nivaasagalaagive, aadare itaravugalalli ittige angadigalu, charchugalu, union haalgalu mattu klabgalu serive. ee jilleyu monongahela nadhi mattu pakkada bettagala uddakkoo ondu bayalu pradeshadallide. ullekhagalu. munde odi. droit humane american okkootada modala maysonic lodge annu charleroyiyalli louis goaji (french) avaru 1903.its hesarinalli alfa lodge n°301 endu rachisidaru. ee vidheyateyu mahileyarige modalaneyavaragalu mattu purusharanteye adhe hakkugalondige sadasyaragalu avakasha maadikottitu. (saha-kallu) moolah leey droit humain international-maark grozian (detraud)

charleroy charitraparamaaya jilla pensylvaniayile washington kaundiyile charleroyyile oru charitraparamaaya jillayaan charleroy charitraparamaaya jilla. 1890 muthal 1920 vare nirmmicha ekadesham 1700 kettidangal ithil ulppedunnu. pala kettidangalum thadi frame rund nila munvashathe gable residensukalaanu, ennaal mattullavayil ishtika storukal, pallikal, union haalukal, clubbukal enniva ulppedunnu. monongahela nadiyudeyum sameepathulla kunnukaludeyum theerathaanu jilla sthithi cheiyunnathu. paraamarshangal. kooduthal vaayana. american federation oof droit humaininte aadyathe masonic lodge charleroyil luis gosio (franch) srishtichathu 1903.its enna peril alfa lodge n°301 aayirunnu. eee anusaranm sthreekale aadyaksharam nedaanum purushanmaarkk thulya avakashangalulla amgamaakaanum anuvadichu. (qoo-messon) uravidam leeii droit humaine internaashanal-maarkk grosejeen (detrad)

charleroy aitihasik jilha charleroy aitihasik jilha haah charleseroy, washington county, pensylvania yetheel eka aitihasik jilha aahe. yaat pramukhyane 1890 teey 1920 yaa kalat bandhalelya sumare 1700 imarati aahet. anek imarati lakadi chaukatichya done majali samoril gable nivassthane aahet, parantu itaranmadhye vitanchi dukane, church, union holl aanee club yancha samavesh aahe. haah jilha mononghela nadee aanee lagatchya tekadyanchya bajoone eka maidani pradeshat sthit aahe. sandarbh. pudhe vacha. american federation auph daad droit humanche pahile masonic lodge charlsaroimadhye lui goaaziu (french) yanni 1903.its madhye tayar kele hote, jyache naav alfa lodge aine. 301 hote. yaa aadnyapalanane mahilanna aadyaksharat rahnyas aanee purushanpramanech samaan adhikar asalele sadasya bananyas parvanagi dilee. (saha-dagadi bandhkam) strotah leey droit human aantarrashtriy-marqa grossgen (detrad)

charleroi aitihasik zilla charleroi aitihasik zilla charleroi, wassington county, pensylvaniako ek aitihasik zilla how. yasama mukhyataya 1890 dekhi 1920 samma nirman garieka lagbhag 1700 bhawanharu chhan. dherai bhawanharu kathko frame dui-tale agadiko gable niwasharu hun, tara anyama intako pasal, church, union halharu rar clubharu samawesh chhan. yo zilla monongahela nadi rar chheuchhauka pahadharuko samatalma awasthit chha. sandarbhaharu. thap padhnuhos. droat humainko americi mahasanghako pahilo mesonic laj charleroima luis gozio (francelli) dwara 1903.its namama alfa laj n°301 maa sirjana garieko thiyo. yass agyakaritale mahilaharulai adika rupma huna rar purushharu jastai saman adhikar bhaeko sadasya banna anumati diyo. (saha-chinai) srotah ley droit human international-mark grozian (detrad)

charleroi aitihasika zillah charleroi aitihasika zillah heuchhi charleroi, washington county, pensilbhaniaara eka aitihasika zillah . ethire praiah praiah kotha rahichhi, jaahaa mukhyatah mukhyatah 1920 masiha madhyare nirmita hoithila. aneka kotha kaath frame bisista dui mahla sammukh gable bisista abasasthali, kintu anyagudika madhyare ita store, church, union hull ebong club antarbhukta. ehi zillah mononghela nadee ebong sanlagna pahad koolare eka samatala bhumire abasthita. sandarbha. aagaku padhantu. driet human rahr americae federation rahr pratham messanic laja charleroire louis gozio (farasi) nka dwara 1903.its naamare alfa laja n°301 ray srusti karajaithila. ehi agyabahata mahilamananku prarambhika hebaku ebong purushanka pari samaana adhikara sahita sadasya hebaku anumathi deithila . (saha-rajamistri) utsah leey droit humen international-marck grozin (detrad)

charlaroi itihasak zilha charlaroi itihasak zilha charlaroi, washington kaoonti, pensylvania witch ikk itihasak zilha haii. iss witch lagbhag 1700 imaratan hunn, joe mukkh taur utte 1890 toon 1920 takk baniaan sunn. bahut saariaan imaratan lakkad dey frame doou manzila front gable rihaishan hunn, parr horaan witch ittaan dey store, church, union haal atey club shamal hunn. ih zilha mononghela nadee atey naal laggdiaan pahadiaan dey naal ikk maidaan utte sathit haii. havale. horr padho. amriki federation aaf dha droit human daa pahila masonic lauj charlaroi witch luis goazio (franch) duaara 1903.its naam witch elfa lauj n°301 witch banaiaa giaa see. iss aagiaakari neey aurtan noon shuruati honn atey mardan dey barabar adhikaran naal member bannan dee aagiaa ditti see. (sahi-chittarkari) sarotaa leey droit human international-maarak grosjan (dattered)

chaarleroy aitihaasikam mandalam chaarleroy-aitihaasikam mandalam chaarleroy-nagarasya, washington-kaunti-pensylvania-nagarasya, aitihaasikam mandalam asti. asmin praayah 1700 bhavanaani santi, ye mukhyataya 1890 taha 1920 paryantam nirmitaani aasan. bahavah bhavanaani kaashta-frame-dvitala-sammukh-gable-nivasasthanani santi, parantu anyeshu ishtikaa-bhandaaraani, charcha, union-haal, club cha santi. ayam mandalam mononghelaa-nadyaah paarshve, sameepasthaparvateshu cha samabhoomau sthitah asti. sandarbhah. adhikam pathatu. american-federation-aaf-da-droyit-human ityasya prathamam mesonic-ladge-nagaram chaarleroy-nagare louis goaazau (french) ityanena 1903.its ityasmin aalfaa-ladge-n°301 iti namna nirmitam aasit. eshaa aadnyaapaalanam mahilanam adyaksharam kartum, purushaanaam samaan-adhikaarayuktaam sadasyatvam cha kartum cha anumanyata. (saha-nirmaanam) srotah leey droyit human antarashtriya-maark grozian (detrad)

charleroy varalaattru maavattam charleroy varalaattru maavattam enbathu benzylvaniavin washington kavundiyil ulla chaarlaroai endra varalaattruch sirappumikka maavattamaagum. idhu 1890 muthal 1920 varai kattapatta kittatthatta 1700 kattidangalaik kondullathu. pala kattidangal maraa sattagangal konda irandu maadi muun cable kudiyiruppugal, aanaal mattravattril sengal kadaigal, devaalayangal, thozhirchanga arangangkal mattrum kilappugal adangkum. inththa maavattam monogahela nadhi mattrum adhai otiyulla malaikalil oru samaveliyil amainthullathu. kurippugal. maelum vaasikka. american federation off thii troit human muthal maesoanik ladge chaarlaeraayil luis ghosi (pirenchu) alfa lott enn 301 endra peyaril uruvaakkappattathu. inththa keezhppadidhal penkalai muthalidaththil irukkavum, aangalaip poalavae athae urimaigaludan uruppinaraaga maaravum anumathiththathu. (inai-kotthu) aathaaram leeii troit human sarvadesa-maark grosejeen (titrat)

charleroy chaaritraka jilla charleroy chaaritraka jilla anedi pensylvanialoni washington kounteelooni chaarleroyilo unna oka chaaritraka jilla. idhi daadaapu 1700 bhavanalanu kaligi undhi, ivi pradhanamgaa 1890 nundi 1920 varaku nirminchabaddaayi. chaalaa bhavanalu chekka frame rendu antastula mundu gable nivaasaalu, conny itarulalo ituka dukaanaalu, charchilu, union halls mariyu clubbulu unnaayi. eee jilla monongahela nadhi mariyu prakkane unna kondala venta maidaanamlo undhi. suuchanalu. marinta chadavandi. american federation off dhi droit humaine yokka modati masonic ladgenu charleroy loe luis gojou (french) alfa ladge n°301 anae paeru thoo srushtinchaaru. eee vidheyata mahilalanu praarambhinchadaaniki mariyu purushula maadirigaane hakkulatho sabhyuluga maaradaaniki anumatinchindi. (koo-messionry) moolamh leey droit humaine international-maark groszene (detraud)

charleroi tarikhi zalaa charleroi tarikhi zalaa charleroi washington county pensalvania kaa eek tarikhi zalaa hay. yaha taqriba 1700 emaraton parr mushtamil hay juu bunyadi toor parr 1890 say 1920 takk tameer kii gayee thein. behat see emaratein lakdi kay freem waali duu manzilah frunt gabled rehaish gaahein haine leakin deegar mein ainton kii dukanein girja gahar union haal aur kalb shaamil haine. yaha zalaa monongahila nadee aur malhaqah pahadiyon kay saath eek medaan parr waaqa hay. hawalah jaat. mazeed padhna. driet human kii american federation kaa pehla mesonik laaj charalsaroi mein lois gawazio (francisi) nay 1903.its naam mein banaya thaa jiss kaa naam alfa laaj number 301 thaa. iss ataat nay khwatin kuu ibtadayi honay aur mardon kay baraabar haqoq kay saath rakan bannay kii ajazat dee. (shareek chatani) maakhiz: lee driet human international-maark grozeen (detraud)

fffc897de9a79811c305f45ab6aafb105ace3f44dbbf028239c8c309b56f8141

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59943169

Fuxinggang MRT station

Fuxinggang MRT station

fuxingang em. aar. ti. steson

fooksingang emm. aar. tii. sthanak

fuksingaganga emm. aara. tii. station

fookingang aimm. aar. tii. station

fffc8af78f95f42357250d8d5c6682647a86ca386b558ea81711fd444edb39e7

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33897145

First Presbyterian Church (Newport, Arkansas)

First Presbyterian Church (Newport, Arkansas) Historic church in Arkansas, United States The First Presbyterian Church is a historic church building at 4th and Main Streets in Newport, Arkansas It was designed by architects Sanders & Ginocchio in Classical Revival style and built in 1910. It is a single-story brick structure, with a shallow hip roof over its main hall. The entrance is set in a slightly projecting gable-ended section, flanked by Tuscan columns and square pilasters. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

prothom presbyterian girja (niup 'rt, archanchas) prothom presbyterian girjatu hoise 4rtho aaru aarkanchasor niup 'rtor mukhyo pothot thoka ek oitihaxik girja bhowon, iyak sthopoti chander aaru jinusio "ee dhrupodi punorujjibito xoilit design korisil aaru 1910 sonot nirman koraa hoisil. ee ek moholiya itaar gathoni, iyar mool holor uporot ek ogobhir nitombor saad aase. prowexdwartu xamanyo projecting gable-ended xakhat sthapon koraa hoise, jaar kaxot tasken stombho aaru borgakar pilastar aase. 1982 sonot ei bhowontu oitihaxik sthanxomuhor rastriyo ponjiyonot talikabhukto koraa hoisil.

first presbyterian church (newport, arcansus) prothom presbyterian girjati arcansuser newporter newporter ebong prodhan rastai ekti oitihasik girja bhobon, etty sthopoti sander ebong genochio dwara shastriya punarujjiban shoilite naksha koraa hoyechilo ebong 1910 saale nirmito hoyechilo. etty ekti ekok tolaa iter kathamo, jaar prodhan holer upor ekti agabhir nitamber chhaad royeche. probeshdwarti samanno projecting gable-ended bibhage seeta koraa hoyeche, jaa toscan kolam ebong borgakar bhittistambha dwara beshtito. 1982 saale bhabanti oitihasik sthangulir jatiya registere talikabhukto hoy.

pratham presbyterian church (newport, arcansas) pratham presbyterian church aee 4thaa aneey arkansasma newportnee mukhya shereeomaa aek aitihasik church building chhe, tenee rachnaa architects sanders aneey ginochiyo dwara shaastriy punrutthaan shailima karvaamaa aavee hatee aneey 1910maan banavvama aavee hatee. teey aek maalnun intanu maalakhu chhe, jemaa tenaa mukhya holl parr chhichhara hipa chhat chhe. praveshdwaar sahej prakshepit gable-ended vibhagma gothavvama aavyu chhe, jeey tuscan stambho aneey choras pilastersthee gheraayelu chhe. aaa imarat 1982maan aitihasik sthaloni raashtriy nondhanimaa saamel karvaamaa aavee hatee.

pratham presbyterian church (newport, arconsus) pahala presbyterian church 4 vein aur newport, arconsus mein mukhya sadakon parr ack aitihaasik church kii imarat haye, ise shaastriya punruddhar shally mein vastukar sanders aur ginochio dwara design kiya gayaa thaa aur 1910 mein banaaya gayaa thaa. yeh ack ekal-manjila eent sanrachana haye, jisamen isake mukhya holl parr ack uthali koolhe kii chhat haye. pravesh dwaar koo thodaa saa prakshepit karane vaale gable-ended section mein sett kiya gayaa haye, joe tuscan collum aur squire pilasters seey ghiraa huaa haye. iss imarat koo 1982 mein aitihaasik sthaanon key rashtriya register mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa thaa.

modala presbyterian church (newport, arkansas) modala presbyterian church arkansasna newportne 4neey mattu mukhya beedigalallina aitihaasika church kattadavaagide, idannu vaastushilpigalaada sandergalu mattu ginochio avaru shaastriya punarujjeevana shailiyalli vinyaasagolisidaru mattu 1910ralli nirmisalaayitu. idu eka antastina ittige rachaneyagiddu, adara mukhya sabhaanganada mele aalavillada sontada chaavaniyide. praveshadvaaravannu svalpamattige prakshepisuva gable-end vibhagadalli irisalaagide, idu tuscan kaalamgalu mattu chadara bhittipatragalinda suttuvaredide. ee kattadavannu 1982ralli aitihaasika sthalagala rashtriya daakhaleyalli serisalaayitu.

aadyathe presbetteriyan palli (newport, arkansas) aadyathe presbytarian palli arkkansaasile newporttile naalaamatheyum pradhana theruvukalileyum charitraparamaaya oru palli kettidamaanu, ithu aarkkidekttukalaaya saandezhsum ginochiyoyum chernnu classical punarujjeevana shailiyil roopakalppana cheyyukayum 1910 ll nirmmikkukayum cheythu. ithu oru ottanila ishtika gadanayaanu, athinte pradhana haalinu mukalil aazham kuranja iduppu melkkoorayund. tuscan nirakalum chathuraakrithiyilulla pailastarukalum kondu chuttapetta cheruthaayi project cheiyunna gable-end vibhagathilaanu praveshana kavaadam sajjeekarichirikkunnath. 1982ll charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajisttaril eee kettidam ulppeduthiyittundu.

first presbyterian church (newport, arkansas) pahile presbyterian church hii hii aanee newport, arkansas yetheel mukhya rastyanvaril eka aitihasik charchchi imarat aahe, tyachi rachana vastuvisharad sanders aanee genochio yanni shastriy punarujjivan shailit kelee hotee aanee 1910 madhye bandhali hotee. hii eka majali vitanchi rachana aahe, jyachya mukhya sabhagruhavar uthal nitamb chhappar aahe. praveshdwar thodese prakshepit gable-ended vibhagat seet kele aahe, jyachya bajula tuscan stambh aanee chauras bhittistambh aahet. 1982 madhye yaa imaratila aitihasik sthalanchya rashtriy nondanimadhye soochibaddha karnyat aale hote.

pahilo presbyterian church (newport, arkansas) pahilo presbyterian church arkansasko newportma chautho rar mukhya sadakharuma raheko aitihasik church bhawan how, yasalai wastukar sanders rar ginochiyole shastriya punarutthan shailima design gareka thie rar sann 1910 maa nirman garieko thiyo. yo ekal-tale intako sanrachana how, yasako mukhya halma uthalo nitambako chhat chha. prawesh dwar tuscan stambhaharu rar wargakar bhittapattiharudwara gherieko alik prakshepan garne gable-anta khandama sett garieko chha. yo bhawan sann 1982 maa aitihasik sthanharuko rashtriya registerma suchibadha garieko thiyo.

pratham presbyterian church (newport, archansas) pratham presbyterian church heuchhi 4rtha ebong archancesor nyuportare mukhya rastare eka aitihasika church kotha . ehaa shilpi sanders ebong jinochionka dwara shastriya punaruddhara saileere design karajaithila ebong 1910 ray nirmita . ehaa eka ekaka mahla ita sanrachana, ehara mukhya hull upare eka agabhira nitamba chhaata . prabesha dwarati eka samanya prakhyepi gable-ended bibhagare sett karajaichi, jaahaa tuscan stambha ebong bargakara pilester dwara parsware achhi . ehi attalika 1982 masihare aitihasika stanagudikara jatiah panjikare talikabhukta hoithila.

pahila presbyterian church (newport, arconsas) pahila presbyterian church newport, arconsas witch 4 veen atey mukkh galiaan witch ikk itihasak church dee imaarat haii, iss noon architect sanders atey ginochio duaara classical punar surjiti shaili witch design keeta giaa see atey 1910 witch banaiaa giaa see. ih ikk single-manzila ittaan dee banatar haii, jiss dey mukkh haal utte ikk ghatt cummer vaali chhatt haii. pravesh duaar noon ikk chhote jihe peshkari vaale gable-ant vaale bhaag witch sett keeta giaa haii, jiss dey naal tuscan kaalam atey vargakar pilaster hunn. iss imaarat noon 1982 witch itihasak sathanan dey rashtari register witch suchibadh keeta giaa see.

prathama-presbyterian-charch (newport, arkansas) prathamah presbyterian-charch, arkansas-nagarasya newport-nagarasya chaturthaayaam mukhya-veethishu cha aitihaasika-charch-bhavanam asti, etat vaastushilpebhyah cenders tathaa ginochiyo ityanena shaastreey-punarujjivanashailya parikalpitam, 1910 tame varshe nirmitam aasit. etat ekatalaa-ituka-samrachanaa asti, yasya mukhya-sabhaagruhe agaccha-nitamba-chhatah asti. praveshadvaaram tuskan-stambhaihi, varga-bhittistambhaih cha prasthitasya, alpaprakshepitasya gable-samapta-khande sthaapitam asti. 1982 tame varshe aitihasikasthananam rashtriya-abhilekhe etat bhavanam soocheebaddham aasit.

muthal prespitarian devalayam (newboard, argansas) muthal prespitarian devalayam enbathu 4 vadhu mattrum mukiya therukkalil ulla oru varalaattru devalayak kattidamaagum, idhu argansasil ulla newboard, idhu kattidak kalaignargal sanders mattrum jinochioval paarambariya marumalarchi paaniyil vadivamaikappattu 1910 ill kattappattathu. idhu oru ottrai maadi sengal kattamaippaagum, adhan mukiya mandapaththin meethu aazhamattra iduppu koorai ullathu. nuzhaivaayil sattru munmathiri cable-end pirivil amaikkappattullathu, idhu tuscan neduvarisaigal mattrum sathura pilaastarkalaal soozhappattullathu. inthak kattidam 1982 aam aandil varalaattruch sirappumikka idangkalin thaesiyap pathivaettil pattiyalidappattathu.

modati presbyterian charchi (newport, arkansas) modati presbyterian charchi arkaansaasloni newport looni 4va mariyu pradhana veedhullo unna chaaritraatmaka charchi bhavanam, dheenini vaastusilpulu sanders & ginochio shaastreeya punarujjeevana shaililo roopondinchaaru mariyu 1910loe nirminchaaru. idhi oka antastula ituka nirmaanam, daani pradhana haalupai nissaaramaina nadumu paikappu undhi. pravesam koddigaa projecting gable-end vibhaagamlo amarchabadi, tuscan niluvu varusalu mariyu chadarapu pilasterlatho chuttabadi untundi. eee bhavanam 1982loe chaaritraka pradaesaala jaateeya registerlo cherchabadindi.

pehla presbyterian charch (neoport aarkansas) pehla presbyterian charch neo port aarkansas mein chothi aur markazi galiyon parr waaqa eek tarikhi charch kii emarat hay. asay architects cenders aur ganochio nay classici ahya kay andaaz mein design kiyaa thaa aur 1910 mein banaya gayaa thaa. yaha eek manzilah ainton kaa dahancha hay jiss kay markazi haal parr eek atlee hipp chhat hay. daakhlah eek qadray projecting gable anded section mein seet kiyaa gayaa hay jiss kay itraaf tiscan kaalim aur marbaa plaster haine. yaha emarat 1982 mein tarikhi maqamat kay qomi register mein darj kii gayee thee.

fffc8dff8ee3c8d7e8ffa2b658e219549575213f973934bf6b872629a8bceb81

https://en.wikisource.org/wiki?curid=2654654

Lady Noggs, Peeress/Chapter 7

Lady Noggs, Peeress/Chapter 7 <templatestyles src="Header/styles.css" /> <templatestyles src="Header/main block/styles.css" />← Chapter 6 Chapter 8 → 3 <templatestyles src="Dropinitial/styles.css" />MR. BORRODAILE'S statement, that when the Lady Noggs had departed to Catford Palace the dwellers at Stonorill would know what peace was, proved true enough. But his doubt that they would enjoy that blessing, when they obtained it, proved no less well-founded. Out of the whole of any given day, the Lady Noggs had been with them but a short time, yet that short time had exercised a brightening influence on the rest of the twenty-four hours; the abiding sense that she was at hand and probably active, active in some more or less baleful fashion, had added a spice of exciting uncertainty to their lives, and now that she had gone they turned very dull. In the case of Mr. Borrodaile that dulness was increased a thousandfold by the fact that the absence of the Lady Noggs was accompanied by the absence of Miss Caldecott; and he was awaiting with far greater eagerness than any one else news from Catford. He alone, however, had the very sure expectation that the news would be that the Lady Noggs had proved unsatisfactory. On the afternoon of the fourth day he sat at tea on the lawn with the Prime Minister, and both of them were finding that meal, ungraced by the presence of the Lady Noggs and Miss Caldecott, a somewhat dispiriting affair. They had been together all the day, working hard most of the time, and they were unconsciously resolved to put their work behind them. Unfortunately, this resolve brought it about that they could find nothing to talk about; and they sat smoking their cigarettes in a dull silence. The rumble of a carriage broke in upon it, and they turned their eyes with a really interested expectation towards the point at which the shrubberies end, and the drive runs unscreened along the edge of the lawn. Presently the carriage rumbled into sight, and proved to be a ramshackle, lumbering fly of the kind which waits dingily about a country railway station. Its roof was loaded with trunks; and at the sight of them a smile of touching content brightened Mr. Borrodaile's face. The eyes of the Prime Minister rested on those trunks fully two minutes before he exclaimed, in a tone of startled anguish, "Surely those are Felicia's trunks!" "They are indeed," said Mr. Borrodaile; and his tone was free from any trace of surprise, which was the less remarkable, seeing that he felt none. "Dear, dear! This is very tiresome!" said the Prime Minister. "The princess must have sent her back. Whatever can have happened?" And he rose hastily. "The pretty ways of a happy Christian child have happened, plainly enough," muttered Mr. Borrodaile. The Prime Minister walked swiftly towards the castle, followed by Mr. Borrodaile, and reached its entrance just as the fly disgorged the Lady Noggs and a large, round lady of a singularly gnarled countenance. The Lady Noggs presented an almost ideal picture of calmness and self-possession as she gazed around the familiar scene with a smiling contentment. The Prime Minister had only time to observe that the large, round lady was flushed and almost stertorous, so heavily was she breathing, when his niece was embracing him with that extravagant show of affection which is not infrequently the effect of a consciousness of guilt in the womanly heart. The Prime Minister returned her embrace in a distinctly perfunctory fashion, and said in a tone of anxious disquiet, "Why have you come back? What does this mean?" The Lady Noggs began, in a voice of plaintive protest, "I didn't ask to come back. The princess sent—" "I am ze Baroness Pulvermacher," broke in the large, round lady with heated vehemence. "And zees ees what it mean! Zat ees von barbarian child! Von leedle savage! She haf shaved ze poodles of ze brincess of every 'air! Zare ees not von 'air left! No, not von 'air!" The Prime Minister regarded the large, vociferous lady with utter bewilderment. He did not understand one word of this earnest and heated explanation. But he was dimly aware that his niece had distinguished herself in a fashion to which, with every opportunity of doing so, he had never grown used; and he said, "Dear, dear! This is very tiresome! What has happened? I don't understand!" The Lady Noggs turned on the baroness with a triumphant air and cried, "There! You see what comes of interfering with people's letters! If you hadn't read my letter dishonourably and torn it up, uncle would have known about the poodles. Now he doesn't!" "She haf shaved ze poodles—ze poodles of ze brinzess!" cried the Baroness Pulvermacher with yet more heat, making her meaning clearer by rapping the palm of her left hand with the first and middle fingers of the right, and nodding her head with vigour and rapidity. The Prime Minister looked at her in even greater bewilderment and said, "But you do shave poodles." "But she haf shaved ze tob-knods and ze ruffs. Zare ees not von 'air! No, not von!" The Prime Minister gripped his beard firmly, and held on to it. "And zat ees nod all!" the baroness went on. "She haf flung ze Brinzess Wilhelmina into ze pond! She haf inked her dress!" "That's a wicked story! Both are wicked stories!" cried the Lady Noggs with a vast and righteous indignation. "The silly little girl did both herself!" "Vonce more—vonce more," cried th e baroness, in the last accents of horror and despair, "she haf called ze Brinzess Wilhelmina a seely leedle girl!" "Perhaps, if Lady Felicia would give her version of these interesting occurrences, we should be able to form a more accurate idea of what has happened," said Mr. Borrodaile, taking advantage of the fact that the violence of her emotion had reduced the baroness to a passing silence. "It was not my fault, except, of course, about the poodles. And really they did not look so foreign," said the Lady Noggs, voluble but hardly lucid. "Princess Wilhelmina was gathering water-lilies, and she fell into the pond quite all herself. Anybody might. And I didn't ink her. She inked herself. She was only making black patterns on the table-cloth. The table-cloth was red." "An admirable reason," said Mr. Borrodaile. "But am I wrong in supposing that you were present when these misfortunes befell your little playmate?" "Playmate!" cried the Lady Noggs wih infinite scorn. "You should have seen her play! She didn't know how!" "But were you present when these misfortunes befell her?" said Mr. Borrodaile, keeping to his point. "Yes, of course I was there. Where else should I be?" said the Lady Noggs. "But I didn't ink her. She inked herself. And I didn't throw her into the pond. She fell in. It's a wicked story to say I did." "And about the poodles?" said Mr. Borrodaile, pursuing the inquiry. "What happened to those intelligent creatures?" The Lady Noggs's face cleared, and she smiled, as one calling to mind an agreeable and entertaining incident. "Well, they did look rather funny," she admitted. "But how was I to know how they'd look? Any one would have thought they'd have looked better without all those frills and things; and so we clipped them. But they didn't, stupid things! They looked very funny." And she smiled again at the agreeable picture in her mind. "And zay are ze favoureetes of ze brince and brincess. Zere ees not von 'air left!" said the baroness, taking up once more the burden of her lament with a tearful and moving solemnity. Mr. Borrodaile suddenly saw a picture of the shorn pets, and he laughed gently. The Prime Minister looked from the Baroness Pulvermacher to the Lady Noggs, and from the Lady Noggs to the Baroness Pulvermacher, with the unhappiest air. "What happened then?" said Mr. Borrodaile. "Oh, then—then the princess was very angry," said the Lady Noggs. "Just as if it was my fault. How was I to know the poodles would look so funny when they were shaved all over? And she told me to go, and tried to hit me. And I was very angry. And I think I was rather rude. But she'd no business to try to hit me." "She vas insolent! Oh, insolent!" cried the baroness. And she waved her hands with an air. The Lady Noggs looked at the baroness with utter contempt, and murmured under her breath: "Sneak!" "You were rude?" said Mr. Borrodaile. "I only said I was glad to come away, because they were dishonourable people, and eat like pigs. And they are—they read a letter of mine to you, uncle; and then she tore it up. And they do eat like pigs," said the Lady Noggs firmly. "Dear, dear! This is very tiresome!" said the Prime Minister. "How many times am I to tell you, Felicia, not to call your elders—But there, it is useless talking to you. If you would come with me, Baroness Pulvermacher, we can discuss the matter, and perhaps, uninterrupted, I shall be able to learn something of what has taken place." With that, he and the baroness went into the castle. As they disappeared, the Lady Noggs made a bee-line for the tea-table on the lawn, attended by Mr. Borrodaile. His curiosity about the effect of the Lady Noggs on German royalty was by no means sated. The Lady Noggs fell on the thin bread-and-butter with some appearance of voracity; and he said, "You seem hungry." "I am hungry," said the Lady Noggs. "I could not eat in that palace. You can't eat in a stuffy hole, you know, not even if the food is nice. And it wasn't. I think it must have been German. It never had a clean taste; it was always thick-tasting and greasy." Mr. Borrodaile plied her with cake and milk and cream; and when she had satisfied her hunger, she sat back in her chair and said: "I am glad to be back. You've no notion how beastly it was, Billy—always one's best behaviour." "<templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />You're best behaviour?" said Mr. Borrodaile. "Yes; it won't stand any great strain." The Lady Noggs sat up very straight in her chair, and looked at him with extreme suspicion. "What do you mean?" she said. "My best behaviour is very good behaviour." "Oh, yes, of course—yes, yes," said Mr. Borrodaile hurriedly. "Excellent! excellent!" The Lady Noggs sank back into an easier posture, and plunged into a bitterly scornful account of the tradition of etiquette which had come down through the years from Frederick the Great to Catford. Little by little, by dint of questions, Mr. Borrodaile drew from her an unvarnished and disjointed narrative of the events of her three days' stay in the household of Meiningen-Schwerin. To all seeming, he found the tale an entertaining one, for his face was wreathed with smiles all through it; and he laughed gently several times. At the end of it the Lady Noggs said with some anxiety, "I don't think I did anything particularly bad, do you, Billy? Of course, those poodles looked very funny, but I didn't really hurt them, you know." "No," said Mr. Borrodaile, with his most judicial air. "I don't think you did do anything very bad. The only thing was, that you were a very large pebble to fall 1nto such a quiet little pool." The Lady Noggs looked at him seriously, weighing his words; then she said, "It was something like that. What I like about you, Billy, is, you understand things. And, after all, I never wanted to go there." She paused and again reflected; then she said with extreme thoughtfulness: "I think—I think will go and look at the animals. If uncle comes straight from that horrid old baroness, he'll have quite a wrong idea of things, don't you know?" "I think it would be well," said Mr. Borrodaile; and the Lady Noggs strolled off in the direction of the stables, to look at her pets. Mr. Borrodaile sat still, and lighted another cigarette. Twice he smiled with extreme content, for he looked for the return of Miss Caldecott within the next twenty-four hours. He had finished the cigarette he was smoking, and was halfway through another, when the carriage came round to the entrance of the castle; the Prime Minister put the Baroness Pulvermacher into it, and, when she had been borne away, came hastily down the lawn towards him. As he drew near, Mr. Borrodaile saw that his usual harried air was more harried than ever. He sank down in a chair and cried, "Felicia has been behaving shockingly—abominably!" "Not a bit of it," said Mr. Borrodaile quietly. "How—what? But she has," said the Prime Minister. "She has not only been mischievous, but positively impudent. She threw the Princess Wilhelmina into a pond; she splashed her with ink; and she pulled her hair in the most painful fashion. Besides, she was most insolent, not only to the Baroness Pulvermacher, but to the prince and princess themselves." "The Baroness Pulvermacher appears to have unburdened her soul," said Mr. Borrodaile. "Yes, she's been quite frank and open in the matter." "Well, for my part," said Mr. Borrodaile, "I don't lay much weight on her frank openness. I prefer Lady Felicia's version of what happened. We know that she tells the truth; and we have no reason to believe that telling the truth is a German habit. I have very little doubt, indeed, that the Lady Felicia is responsible for the misfortunes which befell the Princess Wilhelmina; but I am quite sure that she was not the active agent in bringing them upon that child's luckless head. She did not throw her into the pond. She suggested to her to pluck the water-lilies which grew in it. I admit that the result would be practically the same; but there is a great difference between throwing a person into a pond and suggesting plucking the water-lilies. Again, she told me, and I believe her, that she did not throw ink on her little playmate. She only suggested to her that a black pattern would be a vast improvement to a plain red table-cloth. And all the inking that was done, the Princess Wilhelmina did herself. In the matter of the poodles, she pleaded guilty. But, after all, she did not hurt the dogs. And if people will leave children alone with poodles, and clippers, and ponds, and ink, they can only expect such results. They insisted, with untiring pertinacity, on having their Lady Felicia undiluted; and they've only themselves to blame that she proved too strong for them. Had Miss Caldecott gone with her, as you proposed, there would have been none of this trouble." As Mr. Borrodaile straightened things out, the face of the Prime Minister slowly cleared. "What you tell me does put a very different complexion on the affair," he said. "But I do wish she had not been so insolent to the prince and princess. " "It hardly seems to have been unprovoked," said Mr. Borrodaile. "Apparently, the princess lost her temper at the sight of the shorn poodles, and tried to box Nog—Lady Felicia's ears." "Well," said the Prime Minister, "the sooner Miss Caldecott comes back, the better. You have her address? I hope she'll be able to come back at once." "Since she's staying with that impossible uncle of hers, the South American millionaire, I should think she'd be glad of an excuse to get away. "Ah, yes; Beresford Caldecott. A terrible person!" said the Prime Minister. "You'd better wire to her at once. Don't let's have any delay. In the meantime, till she comes, I will keep an eye on Lady Felicia myself." He said this in all seriousness, as if he honestly believed the task within the range of his powers. To divert attention from the smile he could not restrain, Mr. Borrodaile rose hastily and said: "I'll wire at once." And he went off briskly to the house. The Prime Minister leant back in his chair and sighed. His interview with the infuriated and unintelligible Baroness Pulvermacher had once more set his scrupulous conscience to work to annoy him in the matter of the Lady Noggs. Once more he was pondering the question, whether he was really the kind of man to bring up a little girl, quite unaware of the fact that he had really very little indeed to do with that bringing up. Presently, accompanied by a guinea-pig, she broke in upon his uneasy meditations. She sat down in a chair facing him, and said: "I'm awfully glad to be back. It was horrid in that stuffy palace. I should think they never opened the windows all the year round; and they tried to stop me having my bedroom window open. They said I should catch cold. Did you ever hear of anything so silly? Aren't you glad I've come back?" "Yes," said the Prime Minister, with no exaggerated warmth of welcome in his tone. "But I wish you hadn't been insolent to the princess." "Well, I didn't want to be insolent to her. I never meant to be at all; but when she hit me, I couldn't help it; I couldn't really. And after all it was dishonourable to read my letter, you know. Very dishonourable. And they did eat like pigs. They did, truly." "Still, I think you'd better write her a nice letter, and explain that you did not mean to be insolent." "All right," said the Lady Noggs with utter indifference. "I'll write and explain. I have got away from the horrid place anyhow." In the meanwhile Mr. Borrodaile had written and dispatched the following telegram:— <templatestyles src="Block center/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" /> He was pleased with the wire, and he felt sure that it was worded strongly enough to give Miss Caldecott the excuse she must be needing so badly to escape at once from her uncle's roof. Beresford Caldecott enjoyed the unchallenged reputation of being the worst-tempered man in Europe; and only a somewhat insistent sense of duty ever brought his niece to his house. As a rule, that sense of duty could not keep her in it for more than a fortnight at a time. Having dispatched the telegram, Mr. Borrodaile thought it well to strengthen his plea for aid by a letter; and he sat down to write it with extreme pleasure. It is less satisfactory to write than to talk to the object of one's respectful admiration, but it is better than nothing at all. The letter was not easy to write, because, though he had never made any secret of his admiration, Miss Caldecott had always eluded or checked his attempts to express it. Accomplished writer of difficult diplomatic letters as he was, he wrote this one four times before he got it to his liking. At last he finished it, and it ran:— <templatestyles src="Block center/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" /> For all that Miss Caldecott was looking for a letter from Mr. Borrodaile, the sight of his handwriting on the envelope sent a thrill through her. The thrill surprised and annoyed her; it even disquieted her. She had come, by degrees, to take pleasure in Mr. Borrodaile's never hidden admiration of her, but she had never regarded it seriously: to do so would have been absurd, for it was well understood among his friends that he was to marry a rich wife, whose money would further his ambitions. A marriage with a penniless girl like herself meant the ruin of a career which promised to be so brilliant. She had been under the impression that she regarded him merely as the pleasantest and most entertaining of her friends. The thrill came as a most unpleasant warning that her deeper feelings might be very much more concerned in the matter than she supposed. At once she resolved not to return to Stonorill for at least a fortnight; and she began also to consider the resignation of her post of governess to the Lady Noggs. She did not look forward to staying another fortnight with Beresford Caldecott with any pleasure at all. It was seldom, indeed, that a meal in the gorgeous palace he had built for himself passed without her being jarred by the crash of broken crockery; and the fact that there was a perpetual procession of servants through the house, since not one of them who came into contact in any way with its master stayed more than a week, added nothing to the comfort of existence. His outbursts of rage did not frighten her any longer, but she still found them annoying; and there was something tiresome about his reiteration of the fact that she never need look for a penny of his. She did not, however, carry out her intention of spending a fortnight with him. Mr. Borrodaile was resolved to get her back to Stonorill with no delay; and he left no means untried to compass that end. He was somewhat doubtful about the effect of his letter. He suggested, therefore, to the Prime Minister that he also should write to her; and since, when actually confronted with the appalling task of keeping an eye upon the Lady Noggs, his heart had failed him, he accepted the suggestion with eagerness, and wrote at once. His letter reached Miss Caldecott the morning after that on which Mr. Borrodaile's had come. She had a great, liking for the Prime Minister, and she knew that his anxiety about the Lady Noggs was never at rest, and she gathered clearly from the letter that it was at the moment acute. After some debate with herself she gave up her intention of staying away from Stonorill for a fortnight, and wired that she would be there that afternoon. Her uncle greeted the news of her early departure with an outburst of fury: but since he would have greeted the news that she proposed to stay a fortnight, or any other kind of news, with a like outburst, that was neither here nor there. He did not lose the opportunity of once more assuring her that she would never get a penny from him. On the journey, in spite of her strenuous efforts to keep it out of her mind, the memory of the thrill she had felt at the sight of Mr. Borrodaile's handwriting was somewhat importunate and troubling, until she found herself looking forward to meeting him with something like nervous trepidation. That trepidation was justified by the fact that the sight of Mr. Borrodaile himself, waiting for her in one of the Stonorill motor-cars, sent an even more violent thrill through her than the sight of his handwriting had done. After that, it was only natural that her greeting should be of a freezing coldness, and that she should show no pleasure at all at being back at Stonorill. Mr. Borrodaile was by no means blind to her coldness, but he did not show his disappointment; with his natural, happy knack of aggravating, he began at once to talk as if she were overjoyed at having returned.

mohila nogoch, piyares/odhyay 7 odhyay 6 odhyay 8 → 3 shree. borudailor bibriti, je jetiya mohila nogoch catford praxadoloi guchi goisil tetiya stonorilor baxindaxokole janisil je xanti ki, jothesto xotyo buli promanito hoisil. kintu jetiya teuluke xei axirbad laabh koribo tetiya teuluke xei axirbad upobhug koribo buli teur xondeh komm bhittihin buli promanito huwa nasil. gutei dintur bhitorot, mohila nagxokol teulukor xoite aasil kintu olop xomoyor baabe, tothapiu xei komm xomoyor folot baaki sobbix ghontar uporot ek ujjwol probhab porisil; teu haatot aasil aaru xombhobotoh xokriyo, kunu etaa komm-besi porimane xantobhabe xokriyo aasil buli thoka sthayi budhtuwe teulukor jiwanat ek uttejonapurno onischoyotar mosola jug disil, aaru etiya teu juwar porar pisot teuluk oti nirowol hoi porisil. jonabor khetrot. borudail je mohila nogosor onuposthitir xoite miss caldector onuposthitir folot ei mormohinota haajar guno briddhi paisil; aaru teu catfordor aan jikunu batoritkoi bohu besi aagrohere opekhya kori aasil. obosye, kewol teurhe ei bixoye nischito aaxa aasil je khobortu hoh "bob je mohila nagso oxontusto promanito hoise. soturtho dinaa duporiya teu prodhanmontrir xoite lonot saahot bohisil, aaru duyujone xei khadyotu paai aasil, mohila nogoch aaru miss caldector uposthitit oxommanito, ek kichu porimane hotaxajonok xomporko. teuluke gutei dintu ekeloge aasil, besibhag xomoy kothur porisrom korisil, aaru teuluke osetonbhabe teulukor kaamok pisfale rakhiboloi xongkolpobodho aasil. durbhagyojonokbhabe, ei xongkolpoi ene kori pelaisil je teuluke kotha patiboloi eku bisari puwa nasil; aaru teuluke ek nirob nirobotat teulukor chigaret xewon kori bohisil. gaari ekhonor gurir xobdo taar uporot porisil, aaru teuluke xosakoiye aagrohi aaxare jhariparibur xex huwa sthanor faale soku ghurai loisil, aaru drivekhon lonor kaxot porikhya nuhuwakoi solisil. bortoman garikhon dekha puwa goisil, aaru eitu etaa remxecol, kaathor maakhi hisape promanito hoisil ji ekhon dexor rey "lowe stationor sariufale roi aase. iyar sadtu xutire bhori aasil; aaru xeibur dekhi sporxo koraa bixoybostur hahituwe srijutok ujjwol kori tulisil. borudailor mukhkhon. prodhanmontrir soku xei trankburor uporot xompurnorupe dui minute aagote teu aasorit kori koo "ley, aasorit kori thoka ek sworot," nischitbhabe eibur felicier trank! " "teuluk xosakoiye aase", shree. borudail; aaru teur swortu aasorit huwar kunu sinhor poraa mukto aasil, jitu komm lokhyoniyo aasil, teu eku onubhob nokora dekhi. "hey priyo! eitu oti klantidayok!"prodhanmontriye koy. "rajkumariye nischoy taik ghurai pothiyaisil. ki hoh "bob paare?"aaru teu xunkale uthi aahil. "etaa xukhi khristan xixur xundor upaybur spostobhabe jothesto hoise", shree sriye bosor kori koo 'ley. borudail. prodhanmontriye drutogotit durgor faale khuj kaarhi goisil, taar pisot shree. borudail, aaru iyar prowexdwarot uposthito hoisil thik jetiya makhituwe mohila nagso aaru ekokbhabe naara mukhor egoraki dangor, gulakar mohilak bisinno korisil. mohila nogche xantota aaru aatmo-odhikaror ek pray aadorxo sobi uposthapon korisil jetiya teu haahi thoka xontustire porisito drishyotur sariufale saai aasil. prodhanmontrir haatot kewol xomoy aasil je teu lokhyo koribo parisil je dangor, gulakar mohila goraki flas koraa hoisil aaru pray startaras aasil, taai imaan tibrovabe uxah loi aasil, jetiya teur bhotijiye teuk xei otirikto morom prodorxonore aalingon kori aasil jitu mohilar hridoyot oporadhi setonar probhab nohoy. prodhanmontriye spostobhabe nikhut dhorone teuk aalingon kori ghurai disil, aaru udwegjonok osthir sworot koichil, "aapuni kiyo ubhoti aahise? iyar ortho ki?" mohila nagche obhijugmulok protibador konthosworot aarombho korisil, "moi ubhoti aahiboloi kuwa nasilu. rajkumariye pothiyaisil-" "moi ber 'nes palvermasar", gorom tibrotare dangor, gulakar mohila gorakir bhitorot bhangi poril. "aaru iyar ortho ki xeya buji paisu! jaat ij bhon barbarian xixu! bhon lidel veruwa! taai protitu bayur jiye jolorere jiyerererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererererere jaare iss nono bhon 'eyar ere! naai, bayure nohoy!" prodhanmontriye dangor, jurere maat koraa mohilagorakik xompurno bismoyere bibesona korisil. teu ei antorikotapurno aaru uttopto byakhyar etaa xobdou buji puwa nasil. kintu teu olop xoseton aasil je teur bhotijiye nijoke ene dhorone prithok korisil, zo 'too ene korar protitu xujugor xoite teu ketiyau obhyosto huwa nasil; aaru teu koichil, "moromor, moromor! eitu oti klantidayok! ki hoise? moi buji napau!" mohila nagche ek bijoyi bayure ber 'nestur uporoloi ghuri kandisil, "taat! aapuni dekhise manuhor sithit hostokhyep korar poraa ki hoy! jodi aapuni mur sithikhon oxommanjonokbhabe porhi singi pelabo nuwarileheten, tente khurakai pudolsor bixoye janisilheten. etiya teu naai!" "taai je poodles-je brinjesor je poodles mundon korisil!"ber 'nes palvermasarok etiyau odhik goromore siyori koo' ley, xufalor prothom aaru maajor angulire baau haator toluwatu rape kori, aaru jurerere aaru drutotare murot murtu dhaaki taair ortho odhik sposto korr kori dile. prodhanmontriye taik aaru odhik bismoyere saai koo "ley," kintu aapuni poodles mundon kore." "kintu taai je tobo-noo 'dodd aaru je rafor khyour korisil. jaare eyaa bayu nohoy! naai, bho 'noo nohoy!" prodhanmontriye teur daari drirhobhabe dhori rakhisil, aaru iyak dhori rakhisil. "aaru xokoluwe mukh muur kori maatile!"berunastu soli thakil. "taai jolopan koraa wilhelminak jolopan koraa pukhurit pelai disil! taai nijor puchakot suri marisil!" "eitu etaa dusto kahini! duyutai dusto kahini!"mohila gorakiye ek bixal aaru dharmik krudhorere siyori pelaisil. "buka xoru suwalijoniye duyutai nijei korisil!" "vonce mur-vonce mur", atongko aaru hotaxar xexor sworot berunese siyori koo ", taai je bringes wilhelminak egoraki rongin rongor suwali buli koichil!" "xombhobotoh, jodi mohila feliciai ei aakorxoniyo ghotonaburor bixoye teuk prokax kore, aami ki ghotisil taar ek odhik xothik dharona gothon koriboloi xokhyom hoh 'bob laage", shree sridebe koy. borudail, teur aawegor hingxai berunesok ek paar hoi juwa nirobotat hraax korisil ei xotyor xubidha loi. "eitu mur dux nasil, obosye, pudolsor bixoye. aaru xosakoiye xeibur imaan bidexi zen logaa nasil ", mohila gorakiye koo" ley, bholi-bholi kintu ekebare sposto nohoy. "rajkumari uilhelminawe panir lilly xongroho kori aasil, aaru teu nijei xompurnorupe pukhurit porisil. jikunuwe koribo paare. aaru moi taik kaali koraa nasilu. taai nijoke sur korisil. taai kewol tebul-kapurot koo 'laa aarhi bonai aasil. tebulor kapurtu ronga aasil." "etaa proxongxoniyo kaaron", shree. borudail. "kintu moi eitu dharona korat bhul korisune je jetiya ei durbhagyojonok ghotonabur aapunar xoru kheluoir uporot porisil tetiya aapuni uposthito aasil?" "plemet!"naari nogche oxim tiroskar kori kandisil. "aapuni taair khel dekha usit aasil! xi najanisil kenekoi!" "kintu jetiya ei durbhagyojonok poristhiti teur uporot porisil tetiya aapuni taat uposthito aasilone?"jonabo. borudail, nijor kotha raakhi. "hoy, moi taat aasilu. moi aaru koo 'too thakibo laage?"nariye koo" ley. "kintu moi taik kaali koraa nasilu. taai nijoke sur korisil. aaru moi taik pukhurit pelai diya nasilu. taai bhitoroloi naami aahil. eitu etaa dusto kahini je moi korilu." "aaru pudolsor bixoye?"jonabo. borudail, todonto onuxoron kori. "xei buddhiman praniburor ki hoisil?" mohila nogosor mukhkhon poriskar hoi porisil, aaru taai hahisil, jetiya kunubai etaa xontuxjonok aaru monuronjonmulok ghotonar kotha monot pelai disil. "thik aase, xeibur dekhat bor haisyorxatmok lagisil", taai swikar korisil. "kintu moi kenekoi janibo parilu je teuluk kenekuwa dekha jaabo? kunubai bhabisil je xei xokolubur rumanchokor aaru bostu obihone xihotok bhaal dekha goisil; aaru xeyehe aami xeibur kaati pelaisilu. kintu teuluke nokorile, buka bostu! xeibur oti haisyorxatmok zen lagisil."aaru taair monot thoka xontuxjonok sobitut punor hahisil. "aaru je hoise je brinch aaru brinchor fave" ritt. eraa naai, eraa naai!"byorunese kandere aaru aakorxoniyo gombhirotare punor ebaar nijor bilapor buja tuli loi koo" ley. shree. borudaile hothate xoru xoru puhoniya jontuburor ekhon sobi dekhisil aaru teu mridubhabe hahisil. prodhanmontriye ber 'nes palvermasaror poraa leady nogxoloi, aaru leady nogxor poraa ber' nes palvarmasaroloi, ataitkoi oxukhi botahere saisil. "tetiya ki hoisil?"jonabo. borudail. "oh ', tetiya-tetiya rajkumari goraki bohut khong khaisil", mohila gorakiye koo "ley. "zen mur dux. moi kenekoi janilu je pudolbur imaan haisyorxatmok dekha jaabo jetiya xeibur xokolute khyour koraa hoisil? aaru taai muk jaboloi koo 'ley, aaru muk aaghat koriboloi chesta korile. aaru moi bohut khong khaisilu. aaru moi bhabu je moi bor beyaa aasilu. kintu taai muk aaghat koriboloi chesta korar kunu byowostha nasil." "taai ohongkari! oh ', hey uddhot!"berunase kandisil. aaru taai bayure haat jukarile. mohila nagche byorunesok xompurno owomanonare saisil, aaru teur uxahor tolot bosoxa korisiloh "suri kori thakok!" "tumi nisthur asilane?"jonabo. borudail. "moi kewol koichilu je moi ulai aahi xukhi hoisu, kiyonu teuluk oxommanjonok manuh aasil, aaru gaahorir dore khaay. aaru teuluk hoh 'lo-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- aaru xihote gaahorir dore khaay ", mohila gorakiye drirhobhabe koo" ley. "hey priyo! eitu oti klantidayok!"prodhanmontriye koy. "felicia, moi tumak kimanbar koo 'moo je tumar boyujyesthoxokolok phone nokoriba-kintu taat tumar logot kotha kuwatu orthohin. jodi aapuni mur xoite aahe, ber 'nes palvermasar, aami bixoitu alusona koribo paaru, aaru xombhobotoh, nirontorbhabe, moi ki ghotisil taar bixoye kiba xikiboloi xokhyom hoh' moo." xeikhinire xoite teu aaru byorunes durgor bhitoroloi goisil. teuluk udhau huwar loge loge, mohila nagxokole lonot thoka saahor tebulor baabe moumakhir xaari etaa bonaisil, zo 'too srijut uposthito aasil. borudail. german rajokiyo rajprodayor uporot mohila nogosor probhawor bixoye teur aagroh ketiyau xanto huwa nasil. mohila nagsbure kichu porimane otixoyotare paatol ruti aaru maakhonor uporot porisil; aaru teu koo 'ley, "tumak bhuk lagise zen lagise." "mur bhuk lagise", mohila gorakiye koo "ley. "moi xei rajproxadot khaabo nuwarilu. aapuni etaa bhori thoka gaatot khaabo nuware, aapuni jaane, khadyo bhaal hoh 'leu nohoy. aaru xeya huwa nasil. moi bhabu ee german aasil. iyar ketiyau poriskar xuwad nasil; ee xoday daath xuwad aaru toilakto aasil." shree. borudaile taik kek, gakhir aaru krimore matisil; aaru jetiya taai bhukot xontusto hoisil, taai nijor seyorot bohi koo "leh" moi ubhoti aahi xukhi hoisu. eitu kiman jontuwere koraa aasil, xei bixoye aapunar kunu dharona naai, billy-xoday ejonor shrestho aasoron." "aapunar aasoron bhaal neki?"jonabo. borudail. "hoy; ee kunu dangor saap xohyo nokore." mohila nagsbure nijor seyorot bohut punkoi bohi teuk otyadhik xondehore saai aasil. "ki buja?"taai koo 'ley. "mur xorbosrestho aasoron hoise oti bhaal aasoron." "oh ', hoy, nischitbhabe-hoy, hoy", shree sriye koo' ley. borudail xunkale. "utkristo! utkristo!" leady nogxo punor ek xohoj bhongimot dubo goisil, aaru frederic dyo greator poraa ketfordoloi bosor bosor dhori ohaa xistasaror poromporar ek tiktobhabe tiroskarmulok biboronot dubo goisil. laahe laahe, prosnor dwara, srijut. borudaile teur poraa mainingen-swuwerinor poriyalot teur tini dinn thokar ghotonaxomuhor ek osposto aaru biroktikor bornona aakorxon korisil. xokolure baabe, teu kahinitu etaa monuronjonmulok buli bisarisil, kiyonu teur mukhkhon guteikhini hahire bhori porisil; aaru teu keibabaru mridubhabe hahisil. iyar xexot mohila nogche olop udwegore koo 'ley, "moi bixex beyaa eku koraa naai, nohoyone, billy? obosye, xei pudolbur oti haisyorxatmok zen lagisil, kintu moi xosakoiye xeibur aaghat koraa nasilu, aapuni janene." "naai", shree boroge koo "ley. borudail, teur ataitkoi nyaybisari bayur xoite. "moi nabhabu je aapuni kunu beyaa kaam korise. ekmatro kothatu aasil je aapuni imaan xanto xoru pukhurit poriboloi etaa bohut dangor kathal aasil." mohila nagche teur kothakhini guruttoxohokare saisil, taar xobdobur ujon korisil; taar pisot taai koo 'ley, "eitu enekuwa kiba aasil. bilee, tumar bixoye mur ji bhaal lagise, xeitu hoh 'lo, tumi bostubur buji puwa. aaru, obosye, moi ketiyau taat jaboloi bisora nasilu."taai thomoki ror" lo aaru punor chinta korile; taar pisot xi oti sintadharare koo "leh" moi bhabu-moi bhabu-goi jontubur saai lo "moo. jodi kaaka xei bhoyongkor briddho byor 'nesor poraa punpotiyakoi aahe, teur bostuburor bixoye jothesto bhul dharona thakibo, aapuni najane?" "moi bhabu je ee bhaal hoh 'bob", shree boroge koo' ley. borudail; aaru mohila nagche nijor puhoniya jontu saboloi, aastabolor faale khuj kaarhi goisil. shree. borudail sthir hoi bohi aan etaa chigaret jwolai dile. dubarkoi teu otixoy xontusto hoi hahisil, kiyonu teu poroborti sobbix ghontar bhitorot miss caldector ghuri ohaa bisarisil. teu dhumpan kori thoka sigaretu xex kori aan ekhonor maajere aadha pothot aasil, jetiya garikhon durgotur probexdwaroloi aahisil; prodhanmontriye ber 'nes pulvermacherok taat rakhisil, aaru jetiya taai aatori goisil, xunkale lo' nor poraa teur faale aahisil. teu usoroloi ohaar loge loge, mii. borudaile dekhile je teur swabhabik harried bayu purbotkoi odhik heride aasil. teu ekhon seyorot dubo goi siyori koo "ley," feliciai aasorit aasoron kori aase-ghrinyo!" "olopou nohoy", shree boroge koo "ley. borudail xantobhabe. "kenekoi-ki? kintu taai korise ", prodhanmontriye koy. "teu kewol durnitixil nohoy, itibasokbhabe uddhot aasil. taai rajkumari wilhelminak etaa pukhurit pelai disil; taai taik kalire sotiyai disil; aaru taai ataitkoi bednadayok dhorone nijor suli tanisil. iyar uporiu, teu kewol ber 'nes pulvermacheror baabei nohoy, rajkumar aaru rajkumarir babeu ataitkoi uddhot aasil." "ber 'nes palvermasare taair aatmar uporot buja eri diya zen lagise", shree sriye koy. borudail. "hoy, teu ei bixoyot jothesto spostobadi aaru mukoli aasil." "thik aase, mur faalor poraa", shree boroge koo "ley. borudail, "moi taair khulakhuli mukolitar uporot besi gurutwo nidiu. moi ki ghotisil taar mohila felicier xongoskorontu posondo koru. aami jaanu je taai xotyo koy; aaru xotyo kuwatu german obhyax buli biswax korar kunu kaaron aamar naai. mur bohut komm xondeh aase, xosakoiye, je rajkumari wilhelminar uporot huwa durbhagyojonok ghotonar baabe mohila feliciai dayee; kintu moi nischito je xei xixutik bhagyowan murot aani diyar baabe teu xokriyo agent nasil. taai taik pukhurit pelai diya nasil. taai taik taat briddhi puwa panir lilibur singi lo 'boloi poramorxo disil. moi swikar koru je folafol pray ekei hoh 'bob; kintu ejon byoktik pukhurit pelai diya aaru panir lilibur singi peluwar poramorxo diyar maajot ek dangor parthokyo aase. punor, taai muk koo 'ley, aaru moi taik biswax koru, je taai taair xoru kheluoir uporot siyari pelai diya nasil. taai kewol taik poramorxo disil je etaa koo 'laa aarhi etaa xadharon ronga tebul-kapuror ek brihot unnoti hoh' bob. aaru ji xokolu kaali koraa hoisil, rajkumari uilhelmina nijei korisil. pudolsor khetrot taai dux swikar korisil. kintu, owoxexot, taai kukurburok aaghat koraa nasil. aaru jodi manuhe xixuk puddle, clipper, pukhuri, aaru siyarir xoite okole eri diye, teuluke kewol ene folafol aaxa koribo paare. teuluke oklanto drirhotare teulukor mohila feliciak nirpekhyo kori rokhar uporot jure disil; aaru teuluke kewol nijoke dux dibo lagibo je taai teulukor baabe oti xoktixali promanito hoisil. aapuni prostab diyar dore miss caldect jodi taair logot goisil, tente ei xomosyar kunutu noho 'loheten." shree hisape. borudaile bostubur pune kori pelaisil, prodhanmontrir mukhkhon laahe laahe poriskar hoi goisil. "aapuni muk ji koy xeituwe ei xomporkot ek oti beleg rong diye", teu koy. "kintu moi issa koru je taai rajkumar aaru rajkumarir proti imaan uddhot nasil. " "eitu kunu dhoronor uskani nuhuwakoi huwa zen laage", shree sriye koy. borudail. "spostokoi, rajkumariye xorno poddlebur dekhi nijor mejaz heruwaisil, aaru mohila felicier kanburot naak mariboloi chesta korisil." "thik aase", prodhanmontriye koo "ley," miss caldect jimanei xunkale ghuri ahibo, ximanei bhaal. tumar usorot taair thikona aase neki? moi aaxa koru je taai totkhyonat ubhoti ahibo paribo." "jihetu taai nijor xei oxombhob khurak, dokhyin aamerikar kutipotir logot aase, moi bhabibo laage je taai polai juwar ojuhat dekhuwai xukhi hoh 'bob. "aah, hoy; barresford caldect. bhoyanok manuh!"prodhanmontriye koy. "aapuni taik totkhyonat phone koratu bhaal. kunu dhoronor bilombo nokoribo. ifale, taai naheloike moi nijei mohila felicier uporot soku raakhim."teu ei kotha xompurno gurutwore koichil, zen teu nijor khyomotar bhitorot kaamtur uporot xototare biswax korisil. teu niyontron koribo nuwara hahitur poraa monujug atoraboloi, mii. borudaile xunkale uthi koo 'leh "moi totkhyonat taartu logai dim."aaru teu drutogotit ghoroloi guchi go" lo. prodhanmontriye nijor seyorot pisfale helly uxah lo "ley. krudho aaru odomyo ber 'nes palvermasaror xoite teur xakhyatkartuwe teur xototapurno bibekok aakou ebaar mohila nagchor bixoyot teuk birokto koriboloi kaam koriboloi nirdharon korisil. teu aakou ebaar ei prosnotur bixoye chinta kori aasil je teu xosakoiye xoru suwalik dangor koruwar dore purux neki, xei dangor suwalir xoite teur prokritote bohut komm xomporko aase buli teu najane. bortoman, etaa gini-gaahorir xoite, taai teur oswostikor dhyanot lipto hoisil. taai teur xonmukhot ekhon seyorot bohi koo 'leh "moi ubhoti aahi otixoy anondito. xei bhori thoka rajproxadtut xeitu bhoyanok aasil. moi bhabibo laage je teuluke gutei bosorjuri ketiyau khiriki khula nasil; aaru teuluke muk mur xuwoni kuthar khiriki khula rakhiboloi chesta korisil. teuluke koichil je mur thanda lagibo. aapuni ketiyaba imaan bukaar kotha xunise neki? moi ubhoti aahi xukhi huwa naai neki?" "hoy", prodhanmontriye teur sworot otixoy ushmo obhyorthonar xoite koo "ley. "kintu moi aaxa koru aapuni rajkumarir proti uddhot huwa nasil." "thik aase, moi taair proti uddhot hoh 'bob nibisarilu. moi ketiyau ekebare hoh 'bob bisora nasilu; kintu jetiya taai muk aaghat korisil, moi xohay koribo nuwarilu; moi xosakoiye koribo nuwarilu. aaru obosye mur sithikhon porhatu oxommanjonok aasil, aapuni jaane. oti oxommanjonok. aaru teuluke gaahorir dore khaisil. teuluke korisil, xosakoiye." "tothapiu, moi bhabu je aapuni taik ekhon bhaal sithi likhile bhaal hoh 'bob, aaru bujai dibo je aapuni uddhot hoh' bob bisora nasil." "thik aase", mohila gorakiye xompurno udaxinotare maat maatile. "moi likhi byakhya korim. moi jikunu dhorone bhoyongkor thaikhonor poraa aatori aahisu." ifale mii. borudaile tolot diya telegramtu likhisil aaru pothiyaisiloh - teu tartur uporot xontusto hoisil, aaru teu nischito onubhob korisil je eitu miss keldektok taair khurakor sador poraa totkhyonat polayon koriboloi imaan beyaa dhorone proyujon huwa ojuhattu diboloi jothesto xoktixali xobdo diya hoisil. barresford caldect europor ataitkoi beyaa mejajor manuh huwar proityahbanbihin khyati upobhug korisil; aaru kewol kortobyor ek kichu jure-jurehe teur bhotijik teur ghoroloi loi aahisil. ek niyom hisape, xei kortobyobudhoi taik eke xomoyote ek poxekotkoi odhik xomoy taat rakhibo nuwarile. telegramtu preron korar pisot, mii. borudaile ekhon potror joriyote xohayor baabe teur onurudh xoktixali koratu bhaal buli bhabisil; aaru teu oti aanondore iyak likhiboloi bohisil. nijor xonmanjonok proxongxar uddesyor xoite kotha patatkoi likhiboloi komm xontuxjonok, kintu ee ekebare eku nuhuwatkoi bhaal. sithikhon likhiboloi xohoj nasil, kiyonu jodiu teu ketiyau teur proxongxar kunu gupon kotha rakhibo poraa nasil, miss caldect xoday iyak prokax korar baabe teur prochesta eri goisil baa porikhya korisil. kothin kutnoitik sithir dokhyo lekhok hisape teur dore, teu ei sithikhon teur posondot porar aagote saribar likhisil. owoxexot teu eitu xex korile, aaru xeitu soli go "loh - xei xokoluburor baabe miss caldect misteror poraa ekhon sithi bisari aasil. borudail, khaamot teur likhonir drishyoi taair maajot ek romanch preron korisil. rumanchotuwe taik aasorit aaru birokto korisil; aanoki ee taik birokto korisil. teu degreer dwara srijutok upobhug koriboloi aahisil. borudailor taair proti thoka proxongxa ketiyau lukuwai rokha nasil, kintu taai ketiyau iyak guruttoxohokare bibesona koraa nasiloh ene koratu ojouktik hoh 'loheten, kiyonu teur bondhuxokolor maajot bhaldore buji puwa goisil je teu egoraki dhoni potnik biyaa korr pori hoh' bob, jaar dhonoi teur ussakangkhya briddhi korr baabe xohay kore. teur dore ejon dhonhin suwalir xoite bibahor ortho aasil ene ek karrier dhongxo ji imaan ujjwol huwar protisruti disil. taair monot aasil je taai teuk kewol taair bondhuxokolor bhitorot ataitkoi anondodayok aaru ataitkoi monuronjonmulok buli gonyo korisil. rumanchotu ek ataitkoi opritikor xotorkobani hisape aahisil je taair gobhir onubhutibur hoyotu taair onumanotkoi ei bixoyot bohut besi sintit hoh 'bob paare. totkhyonat taai komeu ponerar baabe stonoriloloi ghuri najaboloi xiddhanto loisil; aaru taai mohila nogosor usorot teur gowornesor podor podotyagor kothau bibesona koriboloi aarombho korisil. taai aan poxekor baabe kunu aanondore barresford caldector xoite thakiboloi aaxa koraa nasil. xosakoiye, teu nijor baabe nirman koraa xundor praxadtut bhonga kro 'kerir durghotonar folot teu birokto nuhuwakoi khadyor byowostha huwatu oti komhe hoisil; aaru ghortur maajere daxoxokolor ek sirosthayi xubhajatra soli aasil, kiyonu teulukor maajor kunu ejonou iyar malikor xongosporxoloi ohaa nasil, jiye exoptahotkoi odhik xomoy dhori thoka nasil, jaar folot ostitwor swaschondyor kunu kotha nasil. teur khongro udrekoi taik aaru bhoyabudh koraa nasil, kintu tothapiu taai teulukok birokto kori pelaisil; aaru teur punorabrittir khetrot kiba klantikarok aasil je taai ketiyau teur etaa tokaa bisari puwar proyujon naai. obosye, taai teur logot etaa poxek kotaboloi issa koraa nasil. shree. borudailok kunu bilombo nokorakoi taik stonoriloloi ghurai aaniboloi xongkolpo koraa hoisil; aaru teu xei lokhyotu ghurai niyar baabe kunu upay eri diya nasil. teur sithikhonor probhawok loi teu olop xondeh korisil. xeyehe teu prodhanmontrik poramorxo disil je teuu taik sithi likhibo laage; aaru jihetu, jetiya prokritote mohila nagchor uporot soku rokhar bhoyongkor kaamor xonmukhin hoisil, tetiya teur hridoyoi teuk bifol korisil, teu aagroherere pore poramorxotu grohon korr logote loge loge likhisil aaru totkhyonat likhisil. taar pisor dintu ratipuwa teur sithikhon miss keldekotoloi goisil, zo 'too srijut. borudailor manuh aahisil. prodhanmontrigorakir proti teur bohut bhaal lagisil, aaru teu janisil je mohila nagxokolor bixoye teur udweg ketiyau xanto huwa nasil, aaru teu sithikhonor poraa spostobhabe xongroho korisil je ei muhurtot ee tibro aasil. nijor xoite kichu bitorkor pisot taai poxekor baabe stonorilor poraa aatorot thokar obhiprai tyag korisil, aaru taar pisot taai xei duporiya taat thakibo buli kuwa hoisil. taair khurakai taair xunkale prosthan korar batorik ek krudhor xoite obhibadon jonaisiloh kintu jihetu taai poxekor pisot thakiboloi prostab disil, baa aan jikunu dhoronor baatori, eke dhoronor prokaxor xoite, jitu iyat nasil baa taat nasil. taai ketiyau taair poraa etaa tokaa napabo buli taik aakou ebaar aaswax diyar xujug teu heruwai peluwa nasil. jatrat, iyak nijor monor poraa aatorai rakhiboloi teur kothur prochestar swotweu, srijutor sokut teu onubhob koraa rumanchokorotar smriti. borudailor likhoni kichu porimane guruttopurno aaru kostodayok aasil, jetiyaloike taai snayowik aatongkor dore kiba etaar xoite teuk log koriboloi opekhya kori aasil. xei aatongkotu mii. ror dorxonor dwara nyajyo buli gonyo koraa hoisil. borudaile nijei etaa stonril motor-kaarot taair baabe opekhya kori teur likhonir drishyotkoiu odhik hingxatmok romanch preron korisil. taar pisot, eyaa swabhabik aasil je taair obhibadon thanda thanda hoh 'bob laage, aaru taai stonoriloloi ubhoti ohaar baabe ekebare aanondo dekhuwabo nalage. shree. borudail kunu motei taair thandar proti ondho nasil, kintu teu nijor hotaxa dekhuwai nasil; teur swabhabik, anondodayok gurutwor dokhyotare, teu totkhyonat enekuwa kotha koo 'boloi aarombho korisil zen taai ubhoti aahi otixoy anondito hoisil.

bhadramahila nogs, piar/adhyay 7 adhyay 6 adhyay 8 Â 3 mii. borodiler bibriti, jey mohila nogs jokhon catford prasade raona hoyechilo, tokhon stoneryler basindara janten jey shanti qee, taa jotheshto satya promanito hoyechilo. kintu jokhon taaraa seii ashirbad paabe, tokhon taaraa jey taa upobhog korbe, eyi taanr sandeho qama bhittihin promanito hoyney. jey konao nirdishto diner modhye, bhadramahila nagra taader saathe chhilo kintu ekti swalpo somoy, tobuo seii swalpo somoy bucky chabbish ghantar upor ekti ujjal prabhab felechilo; tini jey haate chhilen ebong sombhoboto sakriya, kambeshi kichhu durbal fashione sakriya, taader jeebone uttejonapurno anishchayatar ekti moshla jukto korechilo ebong ekhon jehetu tini choley gechen taaraa khub nistez hoye geche. jonab err khettre. borodile jey bhadraloker onuposthitir saathe miss caldecter onuposthitir karone eyi durbolota hazar guno briddhi peyechilo; ebong tini catforder onno konao khoborer cheye onek beshi agroher saathe apekkha korchilen. tobey, taanr ekaa eyi nischito protyasha chhilo jey, khabarti hobey jey, mohila nugs osontoshjonok promanito hoyeche. choturtho diner bikele tini prodhanmontrir sange loney chayer kachhe bosechilen ebong dujonei seii khabarti dekhte peyechilen, jaa bhadramahila nogs ebong miss caldecter uposthitite asammanito chhilo, jaa kichuta hotashajonok vishay chhilo. taaraa saaraa deane eksange thakat, beshirbhag somoy kathor parishram koroto ebong achetanbhabe taader kaajke pichhone feley deoar sangkalpa niyechilo. durbhagyoboshoto, eyi sangkalpati emanbhabe niye aase jey taaraa kotha bolar moto kichui khunje payni; ebong taaraa ekti nistez nirobotai taader cigaret dhumpan korte bosechilo. ekti gaadir gunjan taate ddhuke porey ebong taaraa sottii agrahi protyasha niye taader chokh ghuriye deyo jey bindute gulmer shesh hoy, ebong drivety loner pranto borabor screening chharai choley yaay. bortomane gaditi dekhte peyechilo ebong etty ekti ramshakle, kaather machhi hisabe promanito hoyechilo jaa ekti deshiya railstationer charpashe nirghumbhabe apekkha korey. err chhadti tranke bhora chhilo ebong taader dekhe ekti sporsomoi hasir hassie shreeke ujjal korey toley. borodiler mukh. prodhanmontrir chokh seii trankgulir upor puropuri dui minuter agey, tini hotobak korey diye, byathar sware, "aboshyoi eguli felicier trunk!" "taaraa aslei taai", mih bollen. borodile; ebong taar swar bismoyer konao chinno theke mukto chhilo, jaa qama lakshaniya chhilo, kaaron seey kichui onubhob koreni. "priyatama! etaa khubyi klantikar!"bollen prodhanmontri. "rajkanya nischoyi taake ferat pathiye diyeche. jaa hotey paroto?"ebong seey tadahudo korey uthhe dandal. "ekti sukhi khristan shishur sundar upayguli ghoteche, sposhtotoi jotheshto", mih muchki hesse bolechilen. borodile. prodhanmontri druto durger dike hente zaan, tarpore mih. borodile, ebong taar probeshdware pouchechilo thhik jokhon machhiti bhadramahila nugs ebong ekokbhabe kunchkano mukher ekti borh, golakar mohilake bichchinno korechilo. bhadramahila nogs shantota ebong atmo-adhikarer ekti pray adarsha chitro uposthapon korechilen jokhon tini ekti hasikhushi santushtir saathe porichito drishyer charpashe takiye chhilen. prodhanmontrir kachhe cable etty lakkhya korar somoy chhilo jey, borh, golakar mohilati roktakto ebong pray startarus, eto jorey shwas-prashwas nichchilo jey, jokhon taar bhagni taake sneher seii atiranjito prodorshon diye alingan korchilo jaa kokhono kokhono mohilar hridaye oporadhbodher chetnar prabhab noy. prodhanmontri sposhtobhabe nikhunt bhongite taanr alingan firiye deena ebong udwegjonok osthir sware bollen, "upney keena firey esechen? err ortho qee?" bhadramahila nogs protibader sware bolte shuru corren, "aami firey aste bolini. rajkanya pathay-" "aami baroness pulvermature", uttopto tibrotai borh, golakar bhadramahilar modhye venge porey. "ebong aami bujhte paari err ortho qee! eisob borbor shishu! vone leadle borbor! seey protiti bataser jalpaiyer jiye poodles mundan koreche! aarey, batas too arr nei! naa, batase noy!" prodhanmontri borh, karkasha mohilake ekebare hotobak korey dekhechilen. tini eyi antorik oo uttopto byakhyar ekti shabdao bujhte parenni. kintu tini samannoi janten jey, taanr bhagni nijeke emanbhabe alada koreche, jey bhabe, protiti sujoger sange, tini kokhono abhyasta hononi; ebong tini bolechilen, "priya, priya! etaa khubyi klantikar! kii hoyeche? aami bujhi naa!" bhadramahila nugs ekti vijayi batase baroneske chaalu korey ebong chitkar korey boley, "okhane! upney dekhte pachchen manusher chitthite hostokkhep korar qee hoy! upney jodi amar chitthiti osommanjonokbhabe naa padten ebong chhinde felten naa, tahle caca puddle somporke janten. ekhon seey naa!" "seey jeey poodles-jeey bringeser jeey poodles mundan koreche!"baroness pulvermature arow beshi uttape kandte thaake, dunn haater prothom ebong majher angul diye taar baam haater talute ryapa korey ebong jore oo drutotar saathe matha nadte thaake. prodhanmontri arow beshi hotobhombo hoye taanr dike takiye bollen, "kintu upney poodles shave corren." "kintu seey jeey tobb-node ebong jeey ruffs mundan koreche. eyi too batas noy! naa, vone noy!" prodhanmontri dadi shokto korey dhorey fellen. "ebong sobai matha nede boley!"baroness egiye geela. "seey jalpaiyer jalsimar joll niye uilhelminake jalpaiyer pukure feley diyeche! seey taar poshake suite porechilo!" "etaa ekta baaje golpo! dutoi kharap golpo!"bishal ebong dharmik krodhe mohilati chitkar korey othe. "boka chhotto meyeti dutoi nize korechilo!" "vonce moora-vonce moora", bhoy arr hotashar shesh sware baroness chitkar korey boley ", seey jodi jeey bringes uilhelminake ekti sellie leadle meye boley!" "sombhoboto, jodi lady felicia eyi akarshaniya ghotonagulir taar sangaskaranti deena, tobey qee ghoteche seey somporke amader arow sothik dharona toiri korte sokkhom haoya uchito", mih bollen. borodile, eyi sotter sujog niye jey taar abeger sahingsata baroneske ekti pussing nirobotai porinoto korechilo. "aboshyoi, poodles chhada, etaa amar dosh chhilo naa. ebong sottii taader etota bideshi dekhachchilo naa ", bhadramahila bollen, voluble kintu khub komoi sposhto. "rajkumari uilhelmina joll-lilly sangraha korchilo, ebong seey nijei pukure porey yaay. jey keu paare. aami taake cully korini. seey nijeke suite korey. seey cable tabil-kapader upor kaalo nidarshan toiri korchilo. tabiler jamata laal." "ekti proshongshoniyo kaaron", mih bollen. borodile. "kintu aami kii bhul dhorey niyechi jey, jokhon upner chhotto khelar sangir eyi durbhagyer sammukhin hoyechilo, tokhon upney sekhane uposthito chhilen?" "playmate!"aseem tiroskar korey mohilati kendechilo. "tomar or khela dekha uchito chhilo! seey jaane naa kibhabe!" "kintu jokhon eyi durbhagyaguli taar upor esechilo tokhon upney kii uposthito chhilen?"mih bollen. borodile, taar point rakha. "hyaan, aboshyoi aami sekhane chhilam. amar arr kothay thaka uchito?"bhadramahila bollen. "kintu aami taake cully korini. seey nijeke suite korey. ebong aami taake pukure feley deini. seey porey yaay. etaa bolla ekta kharap golpo jey aami korechi." "arr poodles somporke?"mih bollen. borodile, todonto chaliye jachche. "seii buddhiman pranider qee hoyechilo?" bhadramahilar mukh porishkar hoye yaay ebong seey hesse othe, jokhon ekjon ekti sontoshjonok ebong binodonmulok ghotonar kotha money koriye deyo. "besh, taader besh mojar lagchilo", seey sweekar korey. "kintu aami kibhabe jaante parlam jey taaraa dekhte kemon hobey? keu bhebechilo jey eyi samasta freel ebong jinisguli chhada taader arow vall dekhte hoto; ebong taai amra seguli clip karechilam. kintu taaraa taa koreni, bokami! taader khub mojar lagchilo."ebong seey abar taar moner sommotite hassie haslo. "ebong jaai holl jeey brins ebong brins err priya. eyi jey, bataso bucky nei!"baronesty boley, arow ekbar taar bilaper bojha kandte kandte ebong marmasparshi gombhirotar saathe grohon korey. mii. borodile hothat korey kaanta posha pranir ekti chhobi dekhe, ebong seey mridu hesse othe. prodhanmontri baroness pulvermature theke shuru korey lady nogs ebong lady nogs theke baroness pulvermature porjonto sabcheye asukhi batase takan. "tarpor kii holl?"mih bollen. borodile. "oh, tahle-tokhon rajkanya khub rege giechilo", bhadramahila nogs bollol. "jeno amaryi dosh. aami kibhabe jaante paari jey pudalguli eto mojar dekhabe jokhon seguli sorbotro mundan koraa hoyechilo? ebong seey amake jete boley, ebong amake aghat korar chesta korey. arr aami khub rege giechilam. ebong aami money corry aami borong roorh chhilam. kintu amake aghat korar chesta korar konao kaajoi taar chhilo naa." "seey abibechak! oh, uddhoto!"baroness kende feley. ebong seey batase haat nadlo. bhadramahila nogs baroneser dike sampurna abagyar saathe takal ebong taar nisshasher niche bachsa koreh "lukiye thako!" "upney kii roorh chhilen?"mih bollen. borodile. "aami shudhu bolechilam jey aami choley aste perey khushi, kaaron taaraa osommanjonok manush ebong shukorer moto khaay. ebong taaraa-- taaraa tomar kachhe amar ekti chitthi porey shona, caca; ebong tarpor seey taa chhinde feley. ebong taaraa shukorer moto khaay ", bhadramahila dridhobhabe boley. "priyatama! etaa khubyi klantikar!"bollen prodhanmontri. "felicia, aami kotobar tomake bolob, tomar badader dakob naa-kintu sekhane tomar sange kotha boley laav nei. baroness pulvermature, upney jodi amar sange asen, tahle amra vishayti niye alochona korte paari ebong hoyto, nirobochinnobhabe, aami jaa ghoteche taa somporke kichhu shikhte sokkhom hobb." eyi boley, seey ebong baroness durge probesh korey. taaraa nikhonj howar saathe saathe, bhadramahila nagra loner chaa-tabiler jonno ekti moumachir line toiri korey, jekhane uposthito chhilen mih. borodile. german rajporibarer upor mohila nagoser prabhab somporke taanr kautuhal konovabei proshomito hoyney. bhadramahila nugs kichhu bhutude chehara niye patla ruty-ebong-makhon-err upor porey yaay; ebong seey boley, "aponake khudharto boley money hachche." "amar khide peyeche", bhadramahila boley. "aami seii prasade khete partam naa. upney ekti bhora gorte khete parben naa, upney jaanen, khabarti vall holeo noy. ebong taa hoyney. amar money hoy, etaa aboshyoi german chhilo. err swad kokhonyi porishkar chhilo naa; etty sabsamoy ghono-swad ebong toilakto chhilo." mii. borodile taake keeka, dudh ebong crim diye thhele deyo; ebong jokhon seey taar khudha metay, tokhon seey taar cheyare firey bosey boleh "aami firey aste perey anandito. etaa kotota hingsro chhilo, seta upner konao dharona nei, billy-sabsamoi ekjoner sera acharan." "upner acharan kii valo?"mih bollen. borodile. "hyaan, etaa khub ekta chaaper noy." bhadramahila nogs taar cheyare soja hoye bosey porey ebong charam sandeher chokhe taar dike takay. "kii bolte chaich?"seey boley. "amar sabcheye valo acharan holl khub valo acharan." "oh, hyaan, aboshyoi-hyaan, hyaan", mih bollen. borodile tadahudo korey. "asadharan! asadharan!" bhadramahila nogs ekti sahaj bhongimai firey esechilen ebong frederic dya greta theke catford porjonto bochorer porr bochor dhorey neme assa shistacharer oitijhyer ekti tikto abagyapurna biborone dube giechilen. dheere dheere, onek proshno korey, mii. borodile taar kachh theke mainigen-schueriner poribare taar tinn diner thucker ghotonagulir ekti osposhto ebong osongoto bornona tuley dharechilen. sokoler kachhei money hoy, tini golpotike ekti binodonmulok boley money korechilen, kaaron taanr mukh sarakkhon hasite bhore giechilo; ebong tini besh koyekbar mridubhabe hesechilen. err sheshe bhadramahila nogs ektu udweger sange boley, "amar money hoy naa aami bishesh kichhu kharap korechi, taai naa, billy? aboshyoi, seii pudalguli dekhte khub mojar chhilo, kintu aami sottii taader aghat korini, upney jaanen." "naa", mih bollen. borodile, taar sabcheye bicharik bayu soho. "amar money hoy naa, tumi khub kharap kichhu korechh. ekmatro jinisti chhilo, upney eto shanto chhotto pukure porey yawar jonno ekti khub borh nudi chhilen." bhadramahila nogs taar dike gombhirbhabe takiye, taar kothar ozon tullen; tarpor tini bollen, "etaa erokom kichhu chhilo. billy, tomar somporke amar jaa valo laage taa holl, tumi jinisguli bujhte paar. ebong, sarbopari, aami kokhonyi sekhane jete chaini."seey theme abar chinta korey; tarpor seey charam chintabhabnar saathe boleh" aami money corry-aami money corry pranider dike giye dekhab. caca jodi seii bhayankar briddho baroneser kachh theke sarasari asen, tahle taar jinisguli somporke besh bhul dharona thakbe, upney kii jaanen naa?" "amar money hoy, bhaloi hobey", mih bollen. borodile; ebong bhadramahila taar posha pranir dike takanor jonno astaboler dike hente jachchilo. mii. borodile chup korey bosey arr ekti cigaret jalal. duibar tini charam santushtir sange hesechilen, kaaron tini poroborti chabbish ghantar modhye miss caldecter prottabortoner sandhan korechilen. tini jey cigaret khachchilen taa shesh korey diyechilen ebong onnotir modhyo diye ardhek poth paar hoye yawar somoy gaditi durger probeshdware eshe pouchoy; prodhanmontri baroness pulvermatureke taate ddhukiye deena ebong jokhon taake bohon koraa hoy, tokhon tadahudo korey lonn theke taar dike neme asen. kachhe aasaar sange sange, mih. borodile dekhechilen jey taar swabhabik shushko batas ager cheye arow beshi biroktikor chhilo. seey ekti cheyare dube giye chitkar korey boley, "felicia abak korey diye-ghrinyobhabe-acharan korche!" "ektuo noy", mih bollen. borodile chupchap. "kibhabe-kii? kintu tini taa korechen ", prodhanmontri bollen. "tini cable dushtoi nonn, itibachakbhabeo uddhoto chhilen. seey rajkumari uilhelminake ekti pukure feley deyo; seey taake cully diye chhitiye deyo; ebong seey taar chull sabcheye bednadayakbhabe teney neyo. echhadao, tini cable baroness pulvermaturer kachhei noy, borong rajkumar ebong rajkumarir kacheo sabcheye uddhoto chhilen." "baroness pulvermature taar atmar bojha mukto koreche boley money hoy", mih bollen. borodile. "hyaan, tini eyi bishoye besh kholakhuli ebong kholakhuli chhilen." "thhik achhe, amar pokkho theke", mih bollen. borodile, "aami taar kholakhuli kholamela monovaber upor khub beshi gurutto diyi naa. aami jaa ghoteche taar lady felicier sanskaran pochondo corry. amra jaani jey seey satya boley ebong satya bolla jey german abhyash taa biswas korar konao kaaron amader nei. amar khub qama sandeha achhe, prokritopokkhe, jey mohila felicia rajkumari uilhelminar durbhagyer jonno dayee; kintu aami nischito jey seey seii santaner bhagyohin mathar upor taader aanar sakriya protinidhi chhilo naa. seey taake pukure feley deyoni. tini taake joll-liliguli tolar poramorsho diyechilen jaa etey bede uthechilo. aami sweekar corry jey folafol karjoto ekoi hobey; tobey ekjon byaktike pukure feley deoa ebong joll-liliguli tolar poramorsho deoar modhye ekti borh parthokyo royeche. abar, seey amake bolechilo, ebong aami taake biswas corry, jey seey taar chhotto khelar sangir upor cully felleny. tini cable taake poramorsho diyechilen jey ekti kaalo pattern ekti sadharan laal tabil-kapader ekti bishal unnoti hobey. ebong jototuku cully koraa hoyechilo, rajkanya uilhelmina nijei korechilen. puddleser khettre, seey dosh sweekar korey. kintu, sarbopari, seey kukurder aghat koreni. ebong manush jodi shishuder puddle, ebong clipper, pukur ebong cully niye ekaa rekhe yaay, tobey taaraa cable eyi dharaner folafol aasha korte paare. taaraa aklanta agroher sange taader bhadramahilar jounosongomke okkhoto rakhar jonno jore diyechilo ebong taaraa cable nijerderkei dosharop korte paare jey, tini taader jonno khub shaktishali promanito hoyechilen. miss caldect jodi taar sange jeten, jemonta upney prostab korechilen, tahle eyi samasyata hoto naa." mih hisabe. borodile vishayguli soja korey deyo, prodhanmontrir mukh dheere dheere porishkar hoye yaay. "tini bollen, "upney amake jaa bolchen taa eyi somporke khub alada rongo deyo. "kintu aami aasha corry seey juboraj ebong rajkanyar proti etota uddhoto naa hoto. " "etaa khub komoi konao prorochona chharai hoyeche boley money hoy", mih bollen. borodile. "apatodrishtite, rajkanya kancha pudalguli dekhe mejaz hariye feley ebong mohila felicier qaana bondho korar chesta korey." "thhik achhe", prodhanmontri bollen, "miss caldect joto tadatadi firey asbe, totoi valo. upner kachhe taar thhikana achhe? aami aasha corry seey ekhoni firey aste parbe." "jehetu seey taar seii asambhab caca, dakkhin americar kotipatir sange thaake, taai amar money koraa uchito jey seey palanor ajuhat dekhe khushi hobey. "aaho, hyaan; beresford caldect. bhayankar manush!"bollen prodhanmontri. "upney jodi abilambe taar saathe jogajog corren tobey vall. deri korben naa. edike, seey naa assa porjonto, aami nijei mohila felicier upor nojor rakhab."tini eyi kathati atyanta gurutter sange bolechilen, jeno tini taanr khomotar modhye diye kaajti korey jete satyikarer biswas corren. jey hassie tini sohyo korte parchilen naa, taa theke monojog sariye neoar jonno, mih. borodile tadahudo korey uthhe dandal ebong bollol, "aami ekhoni taarer taar diye debo."ebong seey druto baadir dike choley geela. prodhanmontri taanr cheyare firey giye dirghashwas fellen. kruddho ebong abibechak baroness pulvermaturer saathe taar sakkhatkarti arow ekbar taar bichokkhon bibekke bhadramahilar bishoye taake birokto korar jonno kaaj korte prostuto korechilo. arow ekbar seey eyi proshno niye bhabchilo, seey kii sottii ekti chhoto meyeke borh korar moto manush chhilo, eyi satyati somporke ekebarei oggo jey seii borh howar saathe taar sottii khub qama somporko chhilo. bortomane, ekti ginny-shukorer saathe, tini taar aswastikar dhyaner modhye probesh corren. seey taar mukhomukhi ekti cheyare bosey boleh "aami firey aste perey khub khushi. seii bhora prasade etaa bhayankar chhilo. amar money koraa uchito jey taaraa saaraa bochor kokhono janala kholeni ebong taaraa amake amar shobar ghorer janala khola rakhte badha deoar chesta korechilo. taaraa bolechilo amar thhanda lege yawa uchito. eto boka jiniser kotha kii kokhono shunechen? aami firey esechi boley kii tumi khushi now?" "hyaan", prodhanmontri taanr sware konao atiranjito abhyarthana chharai bolechilen. "kintu aami aasha corry upney rajkanyar proti uddhoto acharan korten naa." "thhik achhe, aami taar proti uddhoto hotey chaini. aami kokhonyi emon hotey chaini; kintu jokhon seey amake aghat korey, aami taa korte parlam naa; aami sottii parlam naa. ebong sarbopari amar chitthiti padaa osommanjonok chhilo, upney jaanen. khubyi osommanjonok. ebong taaraa shukorer moto kheyechilo. taaraa sottii koreche." "tobuo, aami money corry upney taake ekti sundar chitthi likhe byakhya korle vall hoto jey upney uddhoto hotey channi." "thhik achhe", bhadramahila ekebarei udasin hoye boley. "aami likhe byakhya korob. aami jebhabei hoke bhayankar jaiga theke doore sorey esechi." edike, mii. borodile nimnolikhito telegramti likhe pathiyechilenah - seey tarti niye khushi hoyechilo ebong seey nischito chhilo jey etty jotheshto joralovabe lekha chhilo jaate miss caldectke ajuhat deoa yaay jey taar chachar chhaad theke palanor jonno taar khub kharapbhabe prayojan. beresford caldect europer sabcheye kharap mejazer manush hisabe aprotirodhyo khyati upobhog korechilen ebong kebolmatro kichuta dridha kortobyobodh taanr bhagnike taanr barite niye esechilo. ekti niyam hisabe, seii kortobyobodh taake ekbare eka poner diner beshi rakhte pareni. telegram pathiye diye, mii. borodile ekti chitthir madhyome sahajyer jonno taanr abedonke shaktishali koraa vall boley money korechilen ebong tini atyanta anander saathe etty likhte bosechilen. nijer sommaner proshongshar uddeshye kotha bolar cheye lekha qama sontoshjonok, tobey etty ekebarei naa howar cheye vall. chitthiti lekha sahaj chhilo naa, kaaron jodio tini kokhono taanr proshongshar konao gopon vishay rakhenni, miss caldect sarbada taa prakash korar prochesta ediye giechilen baa porikkha korechilen. kathin kutnaitik chitthir dokkho lekhok hisabe tini etty taanr pochonder kachhe pouchanor agey charbar likhechilen. shesh porjonto tini taa shesh corren, ebong taa choley yaayah - seii sobb kichur jonno miss caldect mih theke ekti chitthi khunjchilen. borodile, khamer upor taar haater lekha dekhe taar modhye romanch chhoriye porey. romanch taake abak oo birokto korechilo; emonki etty taake hotasho korechilo. tini degree dwara mih upobhog korte esechilen. borodiler taar proti shroddha kokhono gopon chhilo naa, tobey tini kokhonyi etike gurutter saathe bibechona correnni etty koraa ajouktik hoto, kaaron taar bondhuder modhye etty bhalbhabei bojha jeto jey seey ekjon dhonee streeke biye korbe, jaar ortho taar uchchakangkha arow baadiye tulbe. taanr moto eka orthohin meyer sange bibaher ortho chhilo emon ekti kormojiboner dhongso jaa eto ujjal howar protishruti diyechilo. tini eyi dharona niye chhilen jey, tini taake taar bondhuder modhye sabcheye monorom ebong sabcheye binodonmulok hisebei bibechona korten. romanchti ekti sabcheye apritikar satarkata hisabe esechilo jey taar govir anubhutiguli eyi bishoye taar dharonar cheye onek beshi udwigno hotey paare. sange sange tini ontoto eka pakkhiker jonno pathorer khanite naa firey aasaar siddhanta nene ebong mohila nagoser kachhe taanr poricharikar podo theke podotyag korar kothao bibechona korte shuru corren. tini beresford caldecter sange arr eka pakkhik thucker jonno moteo anander sange apekkha korenni. etaa khub komoi ghotechilo jey, tini nijer jonno jey sundar prasadti toiri korechilen sekhane bhanga crockery durghotonar karone taake naa dekhe khabar choley giechilo; ebong eyi satya jey barite chakorder ekti chirasthayi michhilo chhilo, kaaron taader modhye keui eka saptaher beshi somoy dhorey taar prabhur sangosparshe aseni, jaa astitter swachchonde kichui jog koreni. taar krodher bishforon taake arr bhoy paini, kintu tobuo seey taader biroktikor boley money korechilo; ebong taar eyi satyati punorbyokto korar modhye klantikar kichhu chhilo jey taar kokhonyi taar eka poisao khonjar prayojan nei. tobey, tini taar sange eka pakkhik somoy katanor ichcha puron korenni. mii. borodile konao bilamba chharai taake pathorer patay firiye aanar jonno sangkalpabaddha hoyechilo ebong seey seii lakkhye agrasar howar jonno konao upay rekhe yayni. taanr chitthir prabhab somporke tini kichuta sandihan chhilen. taai tini prodhanmontrike poramorsho deena jey, taanro taanke chitthi lekha uchito; ebong jehetu, jokhon prokritopokkhe mohila nagder upor nojor rakhar bhayankar kaajer mukhomukhi hoyechilen, tokhon taanr hridaya taanke byartho korey diyechilo, tini agroher saathe eyi poramorshoti grohon korechilen ebong sange sange likhechilen. taar chitthiti miss caldecter kachhe pouchoy porer deane sokale, jedin mih. borodile eshe geche. prodhanmontrir proti taanr darun bhalobasa chhilo ebong tini janten jey bhadramahila nagder somporke taanr udweg kokhonyi proshomito hoy naa ebong tini chitthi theke sposhtobhabe bujhte perechilen jey etty eyi muhurte teebro chhilo. nijer sange kichhu bitorker porr tini eka pakkhiker jonno pathorer pathor theke doore thucker ichcha chhede deena ebong taar kotha zanan jey tini sedin bikele sekhane thakben. taar caca taar tadatadi choley yawar khabarke krodher sange swagoto janiyechilenh kintu jehetu tini eyi khabarke swagoto janaten jey tini eka pakkhik baa onno konao dharaner khoborer moto thucker prostab diyechilen, taai etty ekhane baa sekhane chhilo naa. seey arr ekbar taake ashwasto korar sujog hatchhada koreni jey seey taar kachh theke eka poisao paabe naa. jatrapothe, monn theke doore rakhar jonno taar kathor prochesta sotteo, mihke dekhe tini jey romanch onubhob korechilen taar smriti. borodiler haater lekha kichuta guruttopurno ebong biroktikor chhilo, jotokkhon naa seey snaybik atongker moto kichhu niye taar saathe dekha korar jonno nijeke apekkha korte dekhe. seii atongko eyi satya dwara nyajya chhilo jey mih err drishti. borodile nijei, pathorer motor-gadite taar jonno apekkha korey, taar haater lekhar cheye taar modhye arow beshi hingsro romanch pathiyechilo. err porey, etaa swabhabik chhilo jey taar abhibadan thhanda thhanda haoya uchito ebong stonorille firey eshe taar konao ananda dekhano uchito noy. mii. borodile taar thandar proti konovabei ondho chhilen naa, tobey tini taar hatasha dekhanoni; taar swabhabik, anandadayak mejazer saathe, tini totkkhonat kotha bolte shuru korechilen jeno seey firey eshe khub khushi hoyeche.

lady nogs, pires/prakaran 7 prakaran 6 prakaran 8 Â 3 shree. borodilenu nivedan, keey jyaare lady nogs catford payless taraf ravaana thaee gaee hatee, tyaare stonorilnaa rahevasione khabar padashe keey shaanti shun chhe, teey puratu saachu saabit thayu. parantu jyaare teo teey aashirvaad melavashe tyaare teo teno aanand maanshe tevee temnee shankaa ochhi aadhaar dharaavati saabit thaee. aakho divas, maheela nags temnee saathe hatee parantu tunkaa samay maate, tema chhataa teey tunkaa samayno baakinaa chovis kalaak parr tejasvi prabhaav padyo hato; teey kayamni bhaavnaa keey teey haathmaa hatee aneey kadaach sakreey, koik vadhu keey ochha saumya reete sakreey hatee, temnaa jeevanma uttejak anishchitataano masala umeryo hato, aneey havey jyaare teey gaee tyaare teo khoob jaj neeras thaee gayaa hataa. shrinaa kissaamaa. stree nagnee gerhajarimaa miss kaldekotni gerhajari hatee aee hakeekathi aalas hajaar ganee vadhee gaee hatee; aneey teey ketfordnaa anya koee pann samachar karataa ghanee vadhu aaturtathi raah joee rahyo hato. joke, ekalaa temne jaj aevee chokkas apeksha hatee keey samachar aee hashe keey maheela nug asantoshkarak saabit thaee chhe. chothaa divase bapore teo vadaa pradhaan saathe lonn parr chaa parr bethaa, aneey teey bannene teey bhojan, lady nogs aneey miss kaldekotni hajarithi apmanit, kaneek anshe nirashajanak baabat malee rahee hatee. teo aakho divas saathe raheta hataa, motaabhaage sakhat mahenat kartaa hataa, aneey teo abhanpane temnu kaama paachhal mukvaano sankalp kartaa hataa. kamanaseebe, aaa sankalpthi aevu banyu keey temne vaat karvaa maate kanee naa malyun; aneey teo aek neeras maunamaa temnee cigaret pivaa bethaa. gaadini ghonghaat tenaa parr aavee, aneey teoae zaadiono anta aave teey bindu taraf kharekhar rus dharaavati apeksha saathe temnee aankho fervi, aneey drive lonni dhaar parr screen vagar chaale chhe. haalmaa gaadee najare puddy aneey teey aek prakaarnee lakadani maakhee saabit thaee jeey graamy railway stationni aaspaas aaturtathi raah juae chhe. tenee chhat thadthi bharelee hatee aneey temne joine sparsha karatee saamagreenu smit shrine chamakatu hatoo. borodileno chahero. vadaa pradhaanni aankho teey thada parr beey minut pahelaa jaj tucky rahee hatee, temane aaghatjanak dukkhnaa surmaan kahyoo hatoo keey, "chokkaspane teey feliciana thada chhe!" "teo kharekhar chhe", shriae kahyoo. borodile; aneey teno swar aashcharyana koipan nishanthi mukt hato, jeey ochho nondhpaatra hato, kaaran keey tene kanee laagyu nahotu. "heey preey! aaa khoob jaj kantalajanak chhe!"aema mukhyamantriae janaavyu hatoo. "rajkumari tene paachhi mokali deedhi hashe. shun thaee shakyu hashe?"aneey teey utavalma oobho thayo. "sukhee khristi baadakni sunder reeto bunny chhe, spasht reete puratee", shriae boomo paadee. borodile. pradhaanmantri zadapthi killa taraf chaalya gayaa, tyarbad shree. borodile, aneey tenaa praveshdwaar parr pahonchi, jaim maakhiae lady nogs aneey aek vishaal, golaakaar maheelane alag curry deedhi. lady nogse shaanti aneey swa-kabajaama levaanu lagbhag aadarsh cheetra rajoo karyoo kaaran keey tenee hasatee santosh saathe parichit drashyani aaspaas joee rahee hatee. vadaa pradhaan paase maatra aee jovaano samay hato keey motee, golaakaar stree flush thaee gaee hatee aneey lagbhag sterters hatee, teey aetali bhaare shvaas laee rahee hatee keey jyaare tenee bhatriji tene snehnaa teey udaau pradarshan saathe alingan aapee rahee hatee jeey strinaa hradayma apraadhni chetnani assar nathee. vadaa pradhaane spasht reete nirarthak reete teneene alingan aapyu, aneey chintathi bharela asvasthataana surmaan kahyoo, "tame paachha qema aavyaa chho? aano arth shun chhe?" maheela nogse, apmanjanak virodhnaa avaajmaa, "meyn paachha aavvaanu kahyoo naa hatoo. rajkumari mokalyu-" "huun baronus pulvermaker chhu", teey motee, golaakaar strimaa garam ugrataathi tutee gaee. "aneey teno arth shun chhe! aaa too jungley baadak chhe! voona leadle jungley! teneeae darek 'havaana zee zeena poodles mundan karaavyaa! havey too havaa jaj nathee bachtee! naa, havaa nahee!" vadaa pradhaane aaa motee, avaaj karatee maheelane sampoorn aashcharyachakitathi joee. aaa gambhir aneey ushkeranijanak samjootino aek shabd pann temne samajaayo nahee. parantu teey aspasht reete jaanato hato keey tenee bhatriji potaane aevee reete alag paadyu chhe keey, aavu karvaanee darek taka saathe, teey kyaarey tevaayelo nahoto; aneey tene kahyoo, "preey, preey! aaa khoob jaj kantalajanak chhe! shun thayu chhe? maney samajaatu nathee!" lady nogse vijayi havaa saathe baronessne chaalu curry aneey pokaar karyo, "tyaan! tame juo chho keey lokonaa patromaa dakhal karvaathi shun thaay chhe! jooe tame maaro patra apmanjanak reete naa vaanchyo hota aneey tene faadi naa nankhyo hota, too kakane poodles vishe khabar puddy hota. havey teey nathee!" "teneeae zed poodles mundan karaavyaa-zed poodles off zed brinzes!"baronus pulvermaker vadhu garameethi ruddy puddy, jamani baajuni pratham aneey madhya aangaliothi tenaa daaba haathnee hatheleene rape kareene aneey jooma aneey zadpitathi maathu halaaveene teno arth spasht karyo. vadaa pradhaane teneene vadhu aashcharyama joee aneey kahyoo, "pann tame poodles mundaavo chho." "pann tene zeb-nodes aneey zeb ruffs mundan karaavyaa. zaare iz nooat voona 'air! naa, voona nahee!" vadaa pradhaane potaani daadhine nishchitpane pakadi raakhi aneey tene pakadi raakhi. "aneey badhaa halimaline bollie gayaa!"dhaani aagad vadhee. "teneeae wilhelminane zed talaavmaa fenki deedhi! tene tenaa pahervesh parr shaahee curry!" "aaa aek dusht vaarta chhe! banne dusht kathaao chhe!"teey streeae vishaal aneey nyaayi rosh saathe boomo paadee. "moorkh naanee chhokariae banne jaate jaj karyoo!" "vadhu-vadhu", bibhatsa aneey nirashana chhella uchcharma baronesse boomo paadee ", teneeae zei brinzes wilhelminane aek sunder leadle chhokari kahee hatee!" "kadaach, jooe lady felicia aaa rasprad ghatanaaonu potaanu sanskaran aape, too aapane shun thayu chhe teno vadhu sachot khyaal banaavvaa maate saksham hovaa joiae", aema shriae kahyoo. borodile, aee hakeekatno laabh uthaavtaa keey teneeni laaganini hinsaae beronasne aek pasaar thataa maunamaa ghataadi deedhi hatee. "teey maaro dosh nahoto, sivaay keey, albatt, poodles vishe. aneey kharekhar teo etalaa videshi dekhaata naa hataa ", maheela nagees, prachand parantu bhagye jaj spasht bollie. "rajkumari wilhelmina paanee-lillies bhegee curry rahee hatee, aneey teey pote jaj talaavmaa puddy gaee hatee. koee pann curry shake chhe. aneey meyn tene shaahee nahoti aapee. teneeae potaane sahee curry. teey table-cloth parr maatra kaalee pattern banaavi rahee hatee. tablenu kaapad laal hatoo." "aek prashansneey kaaran", shriae kahyoo. borodile. "pann shun huun aema maaneene khoto chhu keey jyaare aaa kamanasibio tamara naana ramatveer parr aavee tyaare tame haajar hataa?" "playmate!"temane anant tiraskar saathe maheela nogsane radaavi. "tamaare tenu naatak jovu joitu hashe! tene khabar nahoti keey kevee reete!" "pann jyaare aaa kamanasibio tenee parr aavee tyaare shun tame haajar hataa?"shriae kahyoo. borodile, tenaa muddaane jaalvi raakhe chhe. "haa, huun tyaan jaj hato. maare beeju kyaan hovu joiae?"mahilaae kahyoo. "pann meyn tene shaahee nahoti aapee. teneeae potaane sahee curry. aneey meyn tene talaavmaa fenki nathee. teey andar puddy gaee. meyn karyoo teey kahevu aek dusht vaarta chhe." "aneey poodles vishe?"shriae kahyoo. borodile, tapasno pichho curry rahyaa chhe. "teey buddhishali pranionun shun thayu?" lady nogsano chahero saaf thaee gayo, aneey teey hasatee rahee, jyaare aek manasvi aneey manoranjak ghatanaane yaad karvaamaa aavee. "theek chhe, teo ekdam ramooji laagtaa hataa", teneeae sveekaaryu. "pann maney kevee reete khabar puddy keey teo kevaa dekhaashe? koiae vichaaryu hashe keey teo teey badhee freels aneey vastuo vinaa vadhu saaree dekhaati hota; aneey tethee amey temne kaapee nakhya. pann teo naa karyoo, moorkh vastuo! teo khoob jaj ramooji laagtaa hataa."aneey tenee tenaa manmaanaa sveekarya cheetra parr fareethi hussy puddy. "aneey zaay aee zei brins aneey brinsna favourit chhe. havey too havaa jaj nahee!"baronesse kahyoo, pharii aekvaar tenaa vilaapno boj rotaa aneey hachmachaavi denaar gambhirta saathe upaadyo. shree. borodelle achaanak bhangi padela paaltu praninu cheetra joyu aneey teey hadvethee hussy padyo. vadaa pradhaane baronus palvarmekarthi laeene lady nogs sudhee aneey lady nogsthee laeene baronus pulvermaker sudhee, sauthee dukkhdayak havaa saathe joyu. "pachhi shun thayu?"shriae kahyoo. borodile. "oh, too pachhi-pachhi rajkumari khoob gusse thaee gaee", maheela nogse kahyoo. "jaane keey teey maaree bhool hatee. maney kevee reete khabar puddy keey jyaare puddlesnaa mundan karvaamaa aave tyaare teey aatala ramooji dekhaashe? aneey tene maney javaa kahyoo, aneey maney maarvaano prayaas karyo. aneey huun khoob gusse thayo hato. aneey maney laage chhe keey huun ekdam asheesht hato. pann maney maarvaano prayaas karvaathi tene koee fayado nahoto." "teey uddhat chhe! oh, uddhat!"teey baronus radatee hatee. aneey tene havaa saathe haath halaavya. lady nogse beronasne sampoorn tiraskar saathe joee, aneey tenaa shvaas hethal boomo paadih "chhupavo!" "shun tame rudhichust hataa?"shriae kahyoo. borodile. "meyn maatra aetalu jaj kahyoo keey maney door aavvaano aanand chhe, kaaran keey teo apmanjanak loko hataa aneey dukkarni jaim khaay chhe. aneey teo chhe-teoae tamane maaro patra vaanchyo, kaaka; aneey pachhi tene tene faadi nakhyu. aneey teo dukkarni jaim khaay chhe ", mahilaae makkamtathi kahyoo. "heey preey! aaa khoob jaj kantalajanak chhe!"aema mukhyamantriae janaavyu hatoo. "felicia, huun tamane ketali vaar kahoo chhu keey tamara vadilone naa bolaavo-pann tyaan, tamaari saathe vaat karvee nakaami chhe. jooe tame maaree saathe aavasho, baronus pulvermaker, too aapane aaa baabatni charcha curry shakeeae chhiae, aneey kadaach, aveeratpane, huun shun thayu chhe teey vishe kaneek sheekhi shakeesh." teey saathe, teey aneey raanee keellama gayaa. jaim jaim teo gayab thaee gayaa, lady nogs lonn parr chaana table maate madhmakhini rekhaa banaavi, jemaa shree haajar rahyaa. borodile. german raajvio parr lady nogsanee assar visheni temnee jeegnasa kyaarey shaant thaee naa hatee. lady nogs thodee ugrataana dekhaav saathe paatala bread-anned-butter parr puddy; aneey tene kahyoo, "tamane bhookh laagee chhe." "maney bhookh laagee chhe", mahilaae kahyoo. "huun teey mahelmaan khaai shakato nahoto. tame bhareene rahela chhidrama khaai shaktaa nathee, tame jaano chho, bhale khoraak saras hoya. aneey teey naa hatee. maney laage chhe keey teey german hashe. teno swaad kyaarey swachchh nahoto; teey hammesha jaadaa swaad aneey chikanaa hataa." shree. borodelle tene qeqa, dudh aneey kreemthi bharelee aneey jyaare teneeae tenee bhookh puurii curry, tyaare teey tenee khurshi parr besee gaee aneey kahyunh "huun paachha aaveene khush chhu. tamane khyaal nathee keey teey ketalu kroor hatoo, biilii-hammesha aeknu shreshth vartan." "shun tame shreshth vartan karoo chho?"shriae kahyoo. borodile. "haa; teey koee motee taana sahan karashe nahee." maheela nogs potaani khurshi parr ekdam seedhi besee gaee aneey tene khoob jaj shankaa saathe joee. "shun matlab?"teneeae kahyoo. "maaree shreshth vartanuk khoob jaj saaree vartanuk chhe." "oh, haa, albatt-haa, haa", shriae kahyoo. borodile utavalma. "uttam! uttam!" lady nogs pharii aek saral mudrama dooby gaee, aneey shishtaachaarni paramparana kadvaa tiraskarpurn varnanmaa dooby gaee jeey fredarika dhaa gratethi catford sudhinaa varshomaa neeche aavee hatee. dheeme dheeme, prashnona dozenthi, shree. borodelle temnathi mainingen-schwerinna parivaarmaa temnaa trana divasnaa rokaannee ghatanaaoni aspasht aneey asambaddh kathaa melvee hatee. badhaane laagtu hatoo keey, temne aaa vaarta manoranjak laagee, kaaran keey temno chahero hasvathi bharai gayo hato; aneey teo ghanee vakhat narmashthi hasya hataa. tenaa ante lady nogse thodee chinta saathe kahyoo, "maney nathee laagtu keey meyn khaas kareene kharaab kanee karyoo chhe, shun tame, biilii? albatt, teey poodles khoob jaj ramuji laagtaa hataa, parantu meyn kharekhar temne nuksan pahonchaadyu nathee, tame jaano chho." "naa", shriae kahyoo. borodile, tenee sauthee nyaayik havaa saathe. "maney nathee laagtu keey tame kanee kharaab karyoo chhe. maatra aek jaj vaat hatee keey, tame aatala shaant nankada talaavmaa padvaa maate khoob jaj motaa kankara hataa." maheela nogse tenaa shabdone vajanmaa letaa tene gambhirtathi joyo; pachhi tene kahyoo, "teey kaneek aavu jaj hatoo. biilii, maney taaraa vishe jeey game chhe teey aee chhe keey, toon vastuo samaje chhe. aneey, chhevate, huun tyaan kyaarey javaa maangato naa hato."teey thobhi aneey fareethi vichaarti; pachhi tene atyant vicharshilta saathe kahyunh" maney laage chhe-maney laage chhe keey huun jaine praaneeo taraf joish. jooe kaaka teey bhayanak vruddh baronus pasethi seedha aave, too tene vastuo vishe taddan khoto khyaal hashe, shun tame nathee jaantaa?" "maney laage chhe keey teey saaru raheshe", shriae kahyoo. borodile; aneey maheela tenaa paaltu pranine jovaa maate tabelaa taraf chaali gaee. shree. borodile shaant besee gayo aneey beejee cigaret pragataavi. beey vaar teey atyant santusht thaine hasyo, kaaran keey teey aagaami chovis kalaakmaa miss kaldekotni parat farvani shodhamaa hato. tene cigaret pivaanu purun curry leedhu hatoo, aneey beeja margmathi adadho rasto pasaar curry rahyo hato, jyaare gaadee keellana praveshdwaar parr aavee; vadaa pradhaane baronus palvarmekarne temaa mookie deedhi, aneey jyaare teneene door laee javama aavee, tyaare utavalma lonni neeche tenee taraf aavee. jaim jaim teey najik aavto gayo, shree. borodelle joyu keey tenee saamanya dhasee gayelee havaa pahelaa karataa vadhu dhasee gaee hatee. teey khurshima beseene ruddy padyo, "felicia aaghatjanak reete varte chhe-ghrunaspad!" "temaa thodunk nahee", shriae kahyoo. borodile shaantithi. "kevee reete-shun? parantu temane karyoo chhe ", tema pradhaanmantriae kahyoo hatoo. "teey maatra tofani jaj nahee, parantu hakaaraatmak reete uddhat pann rahee chhe. teneeae rajkumari wilhelminane talaavmaa fenki deedhi; teneeae tenaa parr shaahino chhanto paadyo; aneey teneeae tenaa vaad sauthee pidadayak reete khenchya. aaa upraant, teey maatra baronus pulvermaker maate jaj nahee, parantu rajkumar aneey rajkumari maate pann sauthee vadhu uddhat hatee." "baronus pulvermakeray tenaa aatmaano bojo door karyo hoya tevu laage chhe", aema shriae kahyoo. borodile. "haa, teey aaa babatma ekdam spasht aneey khulli rahee chhe." "maaraa tarafthi", shriae kahyoo. borodile, "huun tenaa nikhalas khullapanu parr vadhaare bhaar mookato nathee. jeey banyu tenu lady felicianu sanskaran maney pasand chhe. aapane jaaniae chhiae keey teey satya bolle chhe; aneey aapani paase aevu maanvaanu koee kaaran nathee keey satya bolvu aee german aadat chhe. maney kharekhar bahoo ochhi shankaa chhe keey rajkumari wilhelmina parr jeey kamanasibio aavee hatee tenaa maate maheela felicia jawabdar chhe; pann maney khaatari chhe keey teey baadakna naseebdar maatha parr temne lavvama teey sakreey agent naa hatee. teneeae tene talaavmaa fenki naa hatee. teneeae tene temaa ugataa paaninaa leeleene todvaanu soochan karyoo. huun sveekaaru chhu keey parinam vyavhaareek reete samaan hashe; parantu vyakteene talaavmaa fenkvaa aneey paanee-lillie todvaanu soochan karvaa vachche moto tafaavat chhe. fareethi, tene maney kahyoo, aneey huun tene maanu chhu, keey tene tenaa naana ramatveer parr shaahee fenki nathee. teneeae tene maatra aevu soochan karyoo hatoo keey kaalee pattern saadaa laal table-kapadama moto sudhaaro hashe. aneey jeey pann shaahee karvaamaa aavee hatee, teey rajkumari wilhelmina jaate jaj curry hatee. puddlesnee babatma, teneeae dosheet thervyo. parantu, aakhare, tene kootaraone nuksan pahonchaadyu naa hatoo. aneey jooe loko baadakone poodles, aneey clipper, aneey talaavo aneey shaahee saathe ekalaa chhodi deshe, too teo maatra aavaa parinaamoni apeksha raakhi shake chhe. teoae athaak yogyata saathe, temnee maheela feliciane nirdosh raakhvaa parr bhaar mookyo; aneey teo maatra potaane jaj dosh aape chhe keey teey temnaa maate khoob majboot saabit thaee. jooe miss kaldekot tenee saathe gaee hota, jaim tame soochavyu hatoo, too aaa samasya naa hota." shree tareeke. borodelle vastuo seedhi curry, vadaa pradhaanno chahero dheeme dheeme saaf thaee gayo. "tame maney jeey kaho chho teey sambandh parr khoob jaj alag rung mooke chhe", temane kahyoo. "pann huun ichchu chhu keey teey rajkumar aneey rajkumari pratye aatali uddhat naa hota. " "teey bhagye jaj ushkerani vagarnu laagtu hatoo", shriae kahyoo. borodile. "dekheeti reete, rajkumari chhichhara padela poodles joine potaano gusso gumaavee deedho, aneey maheela feliciana kaanane dabaavi devaano prayaas karyo." "theek chhe", vadaa pradhaane kahyoo, "jetali vahelee miss kaldekot paachhi aavashe, tetali saaree. shun tamaari paase tenu sarnaamu chhe? huun aashaa raakhu chhu keey teey tarat jaj paachha aavee shakshe." "kaaran keey teey tenaa ashaky kaaka, dakshin american karodpati saathe rahe chhe, maney laage chhe keey teey bhaagi javaana bahanunthi khush thashe. "aaha, haa; barresford kaldekot. aek bhayanak vyaktee!"aema mukhyamantriae janaavyu hatoo. "tame tene tarat jaj phone karoo too saaru. veelamb naa karoo. aaa darmiyan, jyaan sudhee teey nahee aave tyaan sudhee huun pote maheela felicia parr najar rakhish."temane aaa vaatne gambhirtathi kahee, jaane keey teo pramanikpane temnee sattaani maryadama aaa kaaryamaa vishvaas kartaa hoya. teey jeey smitne roqee shakato naa hato tenaathi dhyaan hataavvaa maate, shree. borodelle utavalma utheene kahyunh "huun tarat jaj taar lagaavish."aneey teey zadapthi ghare gayo. vadaa pradhaane potaani khurshi parr paachha zukine shvaas leedha. gusse thayela aneey samaj naa shakaay tevaa baronus pulvermaker saathena temnaa interview pharii aekvaar temnaa nishthaavaan antahkaranne lady nogsnaa mamle temne naraj karvaa maate kaama karvaa maate seeta karyoo hatoo. pharii aekvaar teey aaa prashna parr vichaar curry rahyo hato keey shun teey kharekhar naanee chhokarino uchher karvaa maate aek prakaarno maanas hato, teey hakeekathi taddan ajaan hato keey tene kharekhar teey uchher saathe bahoo ochho sambandh hato. haalmaa, aek ginny-pig saathe, teneeae tenaa asvasth dhyaanne todyu. teey tenee saame khurshi parr besee gaee aneey kahyunh "huun paachha aaveene khoob jaj khush chhu. teey bharaayela mahelmaan teey bhayanak hatoo. maney laage chhe keey teoae aakhu varsh kyaarey baareeo kholee nathee aneey teoae maney maaraa shayankhandni baareeo khulli rakhvathi rokvaano prayaas karyo. teoae kahyoo keey maney shardee thavee joiae. shun tame kyaarey aatali murkhtapurn vaat sambhali chhe? shun tamane khushee nathee keey huun paachho aavyo chhu?" "haa", vadaa pradhaane potaana avaajmaa swaagatnee atishayokti vagar kahyoo. "pann huun ichchu chhu keey tame rajkumari pratye uddhat naa hota." "theek chhe, huun tenee saathe uddhat thavaa maangato naa hato. huun kyaarey banvaa maangato nahoto; pann jyaare teneeae maney maaryo, tyaare huun madad curry shakyo nahee; huun kharekhar curry shakyo nahee. aneey aakhare maaro patra vaanchavo apmanjanak hato, tame jaano chho. khoob jaj apmanjanak. aneey teo dukkarni jaim khaata hataa. teoae karyoo, kharekhar." "tema chhataa, maney laage chhe keey tame tene aek saras patra lakhee doo aneey samjaavo keey tame uddhat banvaa maangtaa naa hataa." "theek chhe", mahilaae sampoorn udasinta saathe kahyoo. "huun lakheesh aneey samjavish. huun koipan reete bhayanak sthalthee door thaee gayo chhu." aaa darmiyan shree. borodelle neecheno taar lakhyo aneey mokalyo hatoh - teey taarthi khush hato, aneey tene khaatari hatee keey teey etalaa majboot shabdothi lakhvaamaa aavyu hatoo keey miss kaldekotne tenaa kaakaani chhat parthee tarat jaj chhataki javaa maate teneene aatalu kharaab bahaanu aapvani jaroor padashe. barresford kaldekot europema sauthee kharaab svabhavna maanas hovani biin-padkarjanak pratishthaano aanand maantaa hataa; aneey maatra faraj bajavvani thodik aagrahpurn bhaavnaa jaj temnee bhatrijine temnaa ghare laavee hatee. aek niyam tareeke, teey farajni bhaavnaa tene aek samaye aek pakhvadiyathi vadhu samay sudhee temaa raakhi shaktee naa hatee. taar mokalya pachhi, shree. borodelle aek patra dwara madad maateni temnee vinanteene majboot karvaanu saaru vichaaryu; aneey teey atyant aanand saathe tene lakhvaa maate betho. potaani aadarpurn prashansana hetu saathe vaat karvaa karataa lakhvu ochhu santoshkarak chhe, parantu teey kaneepan karataa vadhu saaru chhe. aaa patra lakhavo saral nahoto, kaaran keey, temane kyaarey temnee prashansaane chhupavi nahoti, tema chhataa, miss kaldekot hammesha tene vyakt karvaanaa temnaa prayaasone taalee detaa hataa athavaa chakasi letaa hataa. teo jetla mushkel rajdwari patronaa kooshal lekhak hataa, temane aaa patra temne gamyo teey pahelaa chaar vakhat lakhyo hato. aakhare tene teey purun karyoo, aneey teey chaalyu - aaa badhaa maate keey jeey miss caldecoat shree tarafthi patra shodhee rahyaa hataa. borodile, parbidiyu parr tenaa hastaksharna drashyae tenimaa romanch felaavyo. romaanche tene aashcharyachakit aneey naraj curry; tenaathi teey asvasth pann thaee gaee. teey degree dwara shrino aanand maanvaa maate aavee hatee. borodileni teneeni prashansa kyaarey chhupayeli nahoti, parantu teneeae tene kyaarey gambhirtathi leedhi naa hateeh aavu karavu vaahiyaat hota, kaaran keey tenaa mitro vachche teey saaree reete samjee shakaayu hatoo keey teey aek samruddh patnee saathe lagna karvaano chhe, jenaa paisa tenee mahatvakankshaone aagad vadhaarshe. potaana jevee garib chhokari saathe lagnano arth aee hato keey karkidrino vinaash thayo jene khoob jaj tejasvi banvaanu vachan aapyu hatoo. tenee aevee chhaap hethal hatee keey tenee tene fakt tenaa mitromaa sauthee sukhad aneey sauthee manoranjak maane chhe. romanch sauthee apreey chetvani tareeke aavyo keey teneeni undee laaganeeo teneeae dhaaryu tenaa kartaa aaa babatma khoob jaj vadhu chintit hoi shake chhe. tarat jaj temane ochhama ochha aek pakhwadia sudhee pattharni dukaanmaa paachha naa farvaano nirnay leedho; aneey temane lady nogsane temnaa governessnaa pada parthee raajinaamu aapvaanu pann vichaarvaanu sharoo karyoo. tenee koee pann aanand saathe barresford kaldekot saathe vadhu aek pakhwadia rahevani raah joee rahee naa hatee. teey bhagye jaj, kharekhar, temane potaana maate banaavela bhavya mahelmaan bhojan tuteli kareeyanani durghatnathi tenaa parr aaghaat karyaa vinaa pasaar thayu hatoo; aneey hakeekat aee chhe keey gharmaa nokaroni satat shobhayatra hatee, kaaran keey temathi koee pann vyaktee jeey tenaa malikna samparkma aavee hatee teey aek athvaadiyaathi vadhu samay sudhee rahee naa hatee, astitvanaa aaramma kanee umeryu naa hatoo. tenaa gussana visfotoae tene havey daraavi naa hatee, parantu teneene haju pann temne herran kartaa jovaa malyaa; aneey tenaa punraavartanmaa kaneek kantalajanak hatoo keey tene kyaarey teno aek paiso pann shodhvaani jaroor nahoti. joke, teneeae tenee saathe aek pakhwadia gaadvaano irado amalmaa mookyo naa hato. shree. borodilene veelamb karyaa vinaa tene pattharni gaadee parr paachha laavvaano sankalp karvaamaa aavyo hato; aneey tene teey antane hokayantramaa feravvaa maate koee prayaas karyo naa hato. teo temnaa patrani assar ange thodaa shankaspad hataa. tethee, temane pradhaanmantrine soochan karyoo keey temane pann temne patra lakhavo joiae; aneey jyaare kharekhar maheela parr najar rakhvana bhayanak kaaryano saamno karvo padyo tyaare temnu hraday nishfal gayoo hatoo, temane aaturta saathe soochan sveekaaryu aneey tarat jaj lakhyu. teno patra teey pachhi savaare miss kaldekot sudhee pahonchyo, jenaa parr shree. borodile aavyaa hataa. temne vadaa pradhaan pratye khoob jaj prem hato, aneey teo jaantaa hataa keey maheela nags visheni temnee chinta kyaarey shaant nahoti thatee, aneey temane patramathi spashtpane samjaavyu keey teey samaye teey teevra hatee. potaani saathe thodee charcha karyaa pachhi teneeae aek pakhwadia maate pattharthi door rahevaano irado chhodi deedho aneey teey bapore tyaan hashe tevu taaran kaadhyu. tenaa kakaae tenaa vahelaa javaana samaachaarne krodhnaa prakop saathe aavkaaryo hatoh parantu tene aaa samaachaarne aavkaaryo hota keey teneeae aek pakhwadia sudhee, athavaa anya koee pann prakaarnaa samaachaarne, aavaa jaj prakop saathe rokvaano prastaav mookyo hato, jeey naa too aheen hato aneey naa tyaan. tene pharii aekvaar tene khaatari aapvani taka gumaavee nahee keey teneene tenee pasethi kyaarey aek paiso pann nahee maley. aaa pravaas darmiyan, tene tenaa manthee door rakhvana tenaa sakhat prayaaso chhataa, shrine joine tene anubhavelaa romaanchnee yaad. borodilenu hastakshar kaneek anshe mahatvanu aneey mushkelijanak hatoo, jyaan sudhee tenee potaane nervous gabharaat jevee vastu saathe tene malvaa maate aatur naa hatee. shrinaa darshanthi teey gabharaatne vaajbi theravama aavyo hato. borodelle pote aek pattharni motara-kaarmaa tenee raah jotaa, tenaa hastalekhanna darshan karataa pann vadhu hinsak romanch mokali deedho. teey pachhi, teey swaabhaavik hatoo keey teneenu abhivadan thandee thandinu hovu joiae, aneey teneeae stonoril parr paachha aavvaano koee aanand bataavvo joiae nahee. shree. borodile tenee sharadithi koee pann reete aandhalo nahoto, parantu tene tenee nirasha darshaavi naa hatee; tenee swaabhaavik, khushkhushal ugrataa saathe, tene tarat jaj vaat karvaanu sharoo karyoo jaane keey teey parat faryaa pachhi khoob jaj khush chhe.

lady nogs, pier/adhyaay 7 adhyaay 6 adhyaay 8 Â 3 shree. borodile kaa yeh kathan kii jaba lady nogs catford palace key liye ravaana hui thee, stonoril key nivaasiyon koo pataa hoga kii shaanti kyaa hoti haye, kaafee sach saabit huaa. lekin unakaa sandeh kii jaba way usa aashirvaad kaa anand lenge, jaba way ise praapt karenge, cumm adharheen saabit naheen huaa. poore dinn mein, mahila naag unake saath theen, lekin thode samay key liye, phir bhee usa cumm samay ney baaki chaubis ghanton parr ack ujjwal prabhaav daala thaa; yeh sthaayi bhavna kii vaha haath mein thee aur shayed sakriya, kissy naa kissy roop mein saumya tareeke seey sakriya thee, ney unake jeevan mein romanchak anishchitata kaa masala jodd diyaa thaa, aur abb jaba vaha chully gaee thee tou way bahut sust hoe gaee theen. shree key mamle mein. yeh baat spasht haye kii iss baat seey kii mahila nags kii anupasthiti key saath miss caldcoat kii anupasthiti thee, laparwahi ack hazaar gunaa badh gaee thee aur vaha catford seey kissy bhee anya samachar kii tulanaa mein kaheen adhik utsukta key saath intezar curr rhaa thaa. haalaanki, akele unhein hii yeh bahut nishchit ummeed thee kii khabar yeh hogi kii mahila nags asantoshjanak saabit hui hain. chauthe dinn dopahar koo vaha pradhaanmantri key saath lonn mein chaay parr baithe, aur una donon koo vaha bhojan, mahila nags aur miss caldcoat kii upasthiti seey asammaanit, kuchh hudd taka nirashajanak mamla lugg rhaa thaa. way puuraa dinn ack saath rahey they, jyaadaatar samay kadee mehnat karate they, aur way anajaane mein apana kaam peechhe chhodane kaa sankalp leey rahey they. durbhagya seey, iss sankalp ney aisaa curr dikhaaya kii unhein baat karane key liye kuchh naheen milaa aur way ack sust khamoshi mein apani sigaret peete baithe. usa parr ack gaadi kii gadgadaahat aaee, aur unhone vaastav mein ruchi kii ummeed key saath apani aankhen usa bindu kii or modd deen jiss parr jhaadiyan samaapt hoti hain, aur drive lonn key kinare seey binaa screen key chalati haye. vartamaan mein gaadi dikhaai dene luggy, aur ack aisee lakadi kii makkhi saabit hui joe ack graameen railway station key aspas befikrata seey intezar karati haye. isaki chhat chaddi seey bharee hui thee aur unhein dekhkar sparsh karane vaali muskan chamak uthee shree. borodile kaa chehra. pradhaanmantri kii nazaren una chaddi parr poori tarah seey dou minut pahale ticky raheen, jaba unhone chaunka dene vaale dard key swar mein kahaa, "nishchit roop seey way felicia kii chaddi hain!" "way vaastav mein hain", shree ney kahaa. borodile; aur unakaa swar ashcharya key kissy bhee nishan seey mukt thaa, joe cumm ullekhaniya thaa, yeh dekhate hue kii unhein kuchh bhee mahsoos naheen huaa. "priya, priya! yeh bahut thakaa dene vaalaa haye!"mukhyamantri ney kahaa. "rajkumari ney usey vaapas bhej diyaa hoga. kyaa hoe sakata thaa?"aur vaha jaldbaji mein uthaa. "ack khush isai bachche key sunder tareeke hue hain, spasht roop seey paryaapt", shree ney fusfusaya. borodile. pradhaanmantri teji seey mahal kii or badhe, usake baad shree. borodile, aur apane pravesh dwaar parr pahunch gayaa jaise hii makkhi ney mahila nags aur ack badee, goal mahila koo alag curr diyaa, joe ack advitiya roop seey nukile chehare kii thee. lady nogs ney shaanti aur aatm-adhikaar kii lagbhag aadarsh tasveer prastut kii kyonki unhone muskuraate hue santushti key saath parichit drishya key chaaron or dekhaa. pradhaanmantri key paas yeh dekhane kaa samay thaa kii badee, goal mahila koo saaf kiya gayaa thaa aur lagbhag stertorus thee, vaha itani bhaari saans leey rahee thee, jaba usaki bhatiji usey usa asadharan sneh key pradarshan key saath galey lagaa rahee thee joe kabhi-kabhi mahila key dill mein aparaadhbodh kii chetna kaa prabhaav naheen hotaa haye. pradhaanmantri ney spasht roop seey asangat tareeke seey apana alingan vaapas curr diyaa, aur chinta key swar mein kahaa, "aap vaapas kyon aae hain? iska kyaa matlab haye?" mahila ney virodh kii aavaaz mein shuru kiya, "maine vaapas aaney key liye naheen kahaa. rajkumari ney bheja-" "main beronus pulvermaker huun", badee, goal mahila mein garmagarm ugrata key saath toot gaee. "aur iska kyaa matlab haye! zaat eez wonn berber bachcha! wonn leadle berber! usane harr havaa key jhaiz jall key jhaiz poodles mundan kiye hain! zaare eez nott wonn air left! naheen, havaa naheen!" pradhaanmantri ney badee, mukhar mahila koo poori tarah seey vismay key saath dekhaa. unhein iss gambhir aur garamagaram vyakhya kaa ack shabd bhee samajh mein naheen aaya. lekin vaha iss baat seey anjaan thaa kii usaki bhatiji ney khud koo iss tarah seey pratishthit kiya haye kii aisaa karane key harr avsar key saath, vaha kabhi abhyast naheen huaa thaa; aur usane kahaa, "priya, priya! yeh bahut thakaa dene vaalaa haye! kyaa huaa haye? mujhe samajh mein naheen aataa!" lady nogs ney ack vijayi havaa key saath baroness koo chaalu kiya aur chillaya, "vahaan! aap dekhate hain kii logon key patron mein hastakshep karane seey kyaa hotaa haye! aggar aapane merey patra koo apmaanjanak tareeke seey naheen padhaa hotaa aur usey faad naheen diyaa hotaa, tou chaacha koo poodle key baare mein pataa hotaa. abb vaha naheen kartaa haye!" "usane mundan kiya thaa zed poodles-zed poodles off zed brinzes!"baroness pulvermaker ney aur adhik garmi key saath roya, jisase uska arth spasht hoe gayaa kii vaha apane baaen haath kii hatheli koo daaeen aur beach kii ungaliyon seey rapp karati haye, aur jore aur teji seey apana sir hilaati haye. pradhaanmantri ney usey aur bhee adhik vismay seey dekhaa aur kahaa, "lekin aap poodle mundan karate hain." "lekin usane jheb-nodes aur jheb ruffs mundan kiye. zaare eez nott wonn air! naheen, wonn naheen!" pradhaanmantri ney apani daadhi koo majbooti seey pakad liya aur usey pakad liya. "aur zaat eez sabhi sir hilaate hain!"baroness chalati rahee. "usane wilhelmina koo jheel mein fenk diyaa! usane apane kapade parr syaahi lagaa lii!" "yeh ack buri kahani haye! donon hii buri kahaaniyan hain!"mahila ney badey aur dhaarmik krodh key saath chillaya. "moorkh chhoti ladki ney donon khud kiye!" "adhik-adhik", usane darr aur nirasha key antim lahaje mein beronus koo chillaya, "usane za brinzes wilhelmina koo ack suunii suee vaali ladki kahaa!" "shree ney kahaa, "shayed, aggar lady felicia inn dilchasp ghatnaaon key baare mein apana vivaran detee haye, tou hamein iss baat kaa adhik sateek vichaar banaane mein saksham honah chaahiye kii kyaa huaa haye. borodile, iss tathya kaa laabh uthaate hue kii usaki bhavna kii hinsa ney barness koo ack gujarati hui khamoshi mein badal diyaa thaa. "yeh merrie galati naheen thee, sivaay poodle key. aur vaastav mein way itane videshi naheen lugg rahey they ", mahila ney kahaa, bhaari lekin shayed hii spasht. "rajkumari wilhelmina paani-lilly ikattha curr rahee thee, aur vaha khud talab mein gir gaee. koee bhee curr sakata haye. aur maine usa parr syaahi naheen lagaai. usane khud parr syaahi lagaa lii. vaha kewal mez-kapade parr kaale pattern banaa rahee thee. mez kaa kapada laal thaa." "ack saraahaniya kaaran", shree ney kahaa. borodile. "lekin kyaa main yeh sochkar galat huun kii jaba aapke chhote saathi key saath yeh durbhagya huaa tou aap vahaan maujood they?" "playmate!"vaha mahila anant tiraskar key saath row padee. "aapako uska khel dekhana chaahiye thaa! usey naheen pataa thaa kii kaise!" "lekin jaba yeh durbhagya unake saath huaa tou kyaa aap vahaan maujood they?"shree ney kahaa. borodile, apani baat parr kayam rahate hue. "haan, main vahaan thaa. mujhe aur kahaan honah chaahiye?"mahila ney kahaa. "lekin maine usa parr syaahi naheen lagaai. usane khud parr syaahi lagaa lii. aur maine usey talab mein naheen fenka. vaha ander gir gaee. yeh kahana ack buri kahani haye kii maine kiya." "aur poodle key baare mein?"shree ney kahaa. borodile, jaanch kaa peechha curr rhaa haye. "una buddhiman praniyon kaa kyaa huaa?" mahila nogs kaa chehra saaf hoe gayaa, aur vaha muskura dee, jaba ack manbhaavan aur manoranjak ghatana kaa smaran hoe rhaa thaa. "khair, way kaafee mazedaar lugg rahey they", usane sweekaar kiya. "lekin mujhe kaise pataa chalega kii way kaise dikhenge? kissy ney bhee socha hoga kii way una sabhi frills aur cheejon key binaa behtar dikhate; aur isaliye hamane unhein kaat diyaa. lekin unhone aisaa naheen kiya, murkhtapurna baatein! way bahut mazedaar lugg rahey they."aur vaha apane munn mein sahmat tasveer parr phir seey muskura dee. "aur zaay zenz aur zenz key pasandida hain. havaa naheen bachee!"baroness ney kahaa, ack baar phir apane vilaap kaa bojh rote hue aur dill dahala dene vaali gambhirta key saath uthaa rahee thee. shree. borodile ney achaanak katey hue paltu jaanvaron kii tasveer dekhi, aur vaha dheere seey hansaa. pradhaan mantri ney beronus pulvermaker seey laker lady nogs taka aur lady nogs seey laker beronus pulvermature taka koo sabse dukhi havaa mein dekhaa. "phir kyaa huaa?"shree ney kahaa. borodile. "oh, tou-taba rajkumari bahut gusse mein thee", mahila ney kahaa. "maano yeh merrie galati thee. mujhe kaise pataa chalaa kii jaba poodle key mundan poore kiye gaye they tou way itane mazedaar lagenge? aur usane mujhe jaane key liye kahaa, aur mujhe maarne kii koshish kii. aur main bahut gusse mein thaa. aur mujhe lagata haye kii main kaafee ashisht thaa. lekin vaha mujhe maarne kii koshish karane seey koee fark naheen padata thaa." "vaha badtamiji curr rahee haye! oh, apmaanjanak!"beronus row padee. aur usane havaa seey haath hilaaya. mahila ney usa baroness koo poori tarah seey tiraskar key saath dekhaa, aur usaki saanson key neeche budd budd curr kahaah "chupke seey!" "kyaa aap badtamiji curr rahey they?"shree ney kahaa. borodile. "maine kewal itna kahaa kii mujhe baahar aakar khushi hoe rahee haye, kyonki way apmaanjanak loga they, aur sooaron kii tarah khaate they. aur way hain-unhone aapako meraa ack patra padhaa, chaacha; aur phir usane usey faad diyaa. aur way sooaron kii tarah khaate hain ", mahila ney dridhata seey kahaa. "priya, priya! yeh bahut thakaa dene vaalaa haye!"mukhyamantri ney kahaa. "main kitni baar tumse kahoongi, felicia, apane badon koo naa bulana-lekin vahaan, tumse baat karna vyarth haye. aggar aap merey saath aatey hain, baroness pulvermaker, tou humm iss mamle parr charcha curr sakate hain, aur shayed, nirbaadh roop seey, main kuchh seekh paauunga kii kyaa huaa haye." isake saath, vaha aur baroness mahal mein chaley gaye. jaise hii way gayab hoe gaye, lady nogs ney lonn parr chaay-table key liye ack madhumakkhi-rekha banaai, jisamen shree upasthit they. borodile. german rajgharane parr lady nogs key prabhaav key baare mein unaki jigyasa koo kabhi bhee shaant naheen kiya gayaa thaa. mahila nags kuchh bhaddepan key saath patali rotty aur makkhan parr gir gaeen; aur unhone kahaa, "tum bhookhi lagati hoe." "mujhe bhookh luggy haye", mahila ney kahaa. "main usa mahal mein khaana naheen khaa sakata thaa. aap ack bharey hue chhed mein naheen khaa sakate hain, aap jaanate hain, bhale hii bhojan achchha hoe. aur aisaa naheen thaa. mujhe lagata haye kii yeh german honah chaahiye thaa. iska swaad kabhi bhee saaf naheen thaa; yeh hamesha gaadha swaad aur chikna hotaa thaa." shree. borodile ney usey cake, doodh aur cream seey bhar diyaa aur jaba usane apani bhookh poori kii, tou vaha apani kursi parr vaapas baith gaee aur kahaah "mujhe vaapas aakar khushi hoe rahee haye. aapako iss baat kaa andaja naheen haye kii yeh kitna kroor thaa, billy-hamesha kissy kaa sabse achchha vyavhaar." "kyaa aap sabse achchha vyavhaar karate hain?"shree ney kahaa. borodile. "haan; yeh kissy bhee badey tanaav koo sahan naheen karega." mahila apani kursi parr bahut seedhe baith gaee, aur usey atyadhik sandeh key saath dekhaa. "kyaa matlab haye?"usane kahaa. "unhone kahaa, "meraa sabse achchha vyavhaar bahut achchha vyavhaar haye." "oh, haan, nishchit roop seey-haan, haan", shree ney kahaa. borodile jaldbaji mein. "badhiya! badhiya!" lady nogs ack aasaan mudra mein vaapas aaa gaee, aur shishtachar kii parampara key ack kadve tiraskarpurna vivaran mein doob gaee joe fredrick dha grate seey laker catford taka key varshon mein aaee thee. dheere-dheere, kaee prashnon seey, shree. borodile ney manningen-schwerin key ghar mein apane teen dinon key pravaas kii ghatnaaon kii ack aspasht aur asambaddh kathaa unase lii. sabhi koo lagata haye kii unhein yeh kahani ack manoranjak kahani luggy, kyonki unakaa chehra muskurahat seey bhar gayaa thaa; aur vaha kaee baar dheere seey hanse. isake anta mein lady nogs ney thodi chinta key saath kahaa, "mujhe naheen lagata kii maine kuchh vishesh roop seey buraa kiya haye, haye naa billy? beshak, way poodle bahut mazedaar lugg rahey they, lekin maine vaastav mein unhein chot naheen pahunchai, aap jaanate hain." "naheen", shree ney kahaa. borodile, apani sabse nyaayik havaa key saath. "mujhe naheen lagata kii aapane kuchh buraa kiya haye. kewal ack baat yeh thee kii aap itane shaant chhote seey talab mein girane key liye ack bahut badee kankad theen." mahila ney usey gambhirta seey dekhaa, usake shabdon koo taulate hue; phir usane kahaa, "yeh kuchh aisaa hii thaa. billy, mujhe tumhare baare mein joe pasand haye, vaha yeh haye kii tum cheejon koo samajhate hoe. aur aakhirkaar, main vahaan kabhi naheen jaanaa chaahata thaa."vaha rook gaee aur phir seey soch mein parh gaee; phir usane atyadhik soch-vichaar key saath kahaah" mujhe lagata haye-mujhe lagata haye kii main jaakar jaanvaron koo dekhoongi. aggar chaacha seedhe usa bhayaanak boodhi baroness seey aatey hain, tou unhein cheejon key baare mein kaafee galat andaja hoga, kyaa aap naheen jaanate?" "mujhe lagata haye kii yeh thheek rahega", shree ney kahaa. borodile; aur mahila apane paltu jaanvaron koo dekhane key liye astabal kii disha mein chully gaee. shree. borodile chup baithaa aur ack aur sigaret jalaai. dou baar vaha atyadhik santusht hocker muskuraae, kyonki unhone agale chaubis ghanton key bheetar miss caldecott kii vaapsee kii talash kii. usane sigaret pee lena khatm curr diyaa thaa, aur dusare raaste seey aadhe raaste parr thaa, jaba gaadi mahal key pravesh dwaar parr aaee; pradhaan mantri ney baroness pulvermaker koo usamen daal diyaa, aur jaba vaha door leey jaaya gayaa, tou jaldbaji mein lonn seey usaki or aaa gayaa. jaise hii vaha paas aaya, shriman. borodile ney dekhaa kii usaki samanya pareshan havaa pahale seey kaheen adhik pareshan thee. vaha ack kursi parr baith gayaa aur chillaya, "felicia chaunkaane vaalaa vyavhaar curr rahee haye-ghrinit!" "thodaa bhee naheen", shree ney kahaa. borodile chupchaap. "kaise-kyaa? lekin unhone kiya haye ", pradhaanmantri ney kahaa. "vaha naa kewal shararatpurna rahee haye, balki sakaratmak roop seey bhee aviveki rahee haye. usane rajkumari wilhelmina koo ack talab mein fenk diyaa; usane usey syaahi seey chhidka; aur usane apane baal sabse dardanaak tareeke seey kheenche. isake alawa, vaha naa kewal baroness pulvermaker key liye, balki khud rajkumar aur rajkumari key liye sabse adhik uddhat thee." "shree ney kahaa, "aisaa prateet hotaa haye kii baroness pulvermaker ney apani aatma parr bojh hataa diyaa haye. borodile. "haan, vaha iss mamle mein kaafee spasht aur khuli rahee hain." "thheek haye, merey hisse key liye", shree ney kahaa. borodile, "main usake khulepan parr jyada bhaar naheen daaltaa. joe huaa usake baare mein main lady felicia key sanskaran koo pasand kartaa huun. humm jaanate hain kii vaha sach bolati haye aur hamaare paas yeh vishvaas karane kaa koee kaaran naheen haye kii sach kahana ack german aadat haye. mujhe vaastav mein bahut cumm sandeh haye kii rajkumari wilhelmina key durbhagya key liye mahila felicia jimmedaar haye; lekin mujhe puuraa yakeen haye kii vaha unhein usa bachche key bhagyaheen sir parr laane mein sakriya agent naheen thee. usane usey talab mein naheen fenka. usane usey paani mein ugane vaali lilly koo todane kaa sujhaav diyaa. main sweekaar kartaa huun kii parinam vyaavhaarik roop seey samaan hoga; lekin ack vyakti koo talab mein fenkane aur paani-lilly koo todane kaa sujhaav dene key beach bahut antar haye. phir seey, usane mujhase kahaa, aur mujhe vishvaas haye kii usane apane chhote seey saathi parr syaahi naheen fenki thee. usane usey kewal yeh sujhaav diyaa kii ack kaalaa pattern ack saade laal mez-kapade mein ack badaa sudhaar hoga. aur joe bhee syaahi lagaai gaee, vaha rajkumari wilhelmina ney khud kii. poodle key mamle mein, usane apana aparaadh sweekaar curr liya. lekin aakhirkaar, usane kutton koo chot naheen pahunchai. aur aggar loga bachchon koo poodle, aur clipper, aur talab aur syaahi key saath akela chhod denge, tou way kewal aise parinamon kii ummeed curr sakate hain. unhone athak dridhata key saath apani mahila koo nirdosh rakhane parr jore diyaa; aur way kewal khud koo doshi thaharaate hain kii vaha unake liye bahut majboot saabit hui. jaisa kii aapane prastaav diyaa thaa, miss caldecott aggar usake saath jaati tou aisee koee pareshani naheen hoti." shree key roop mein. borodile ney cheejon koo thheek curr diyaa, pradhaanmantri kaa chehra dheere-dheere saaf hoe gayaa. "unhone kahaa, "aap mujhe joe bataate hain, vaha iss sambandh koo bahut alag rung detaa haye. "lekin kaash vaha rajkumar aur rajkumari key prati itani abhadrata naa karati. " "shree ney kahaa, "aisaa lagata haye kii yeh shayed hii kabhi binaa ukasaave key huaa hoe. borodile. "jahir haye, rajkumari ney fatey hue poodle koo dekhkar apana aapaa khou diyaa, aur mahila felicia key kaana dabaane kii koshish kii." "thheek haye", pradhaanmantri ney kahaa, "jitani jaldi miss caldecott vaapas aaegi, utanaa hii achchha hoga. kyaa aapke paas uska pataa haye? mujhe ummeed haye kii vaha turant vaapas aaa paayegi." "choonki vaha apane usa asambhav chaacha, dakshin americi karodpati key saath reh rahee haye, mujhe lagata haye kii vaha bhaagne key bahaane seey khush hogi. "aaha, haan; barresford caldcoat. ack bhayaanak vyakti!"mukhyamantri ney kahaa. "behtar hoga kii aap usey turant phone curr dein. koee deree naa karein. iss beach, jaba taka vaha naheen aatee, main khud lady felicia parr nazar rakhoongi."unhone yeh baat poori gambhirta seey kahee, jaise kii way imandari seey apani shaktiyon key dayare mein kaary parr vishvaas karate they. usa muskan seey dhyaan hataane key liye jise vaha roque naheen sakaa, shree. borodile jaldbaji mein uthaa aur kahaah "main turant taar lagaa doonga."aur vaha teji seey ghar chalaa gayaa. pradhaanmantri ney apani kursi parr jhukkar saans lii. krodhit aur aspasht baroness pulvermaker key saath unake sakshatkar ney ack baar phir unaki imandar antaratma koo mahila nags key mamle mein unhein pareshan karane key liye kaam karane key liye sthaapit kiya thaa. ack baar phir vaha iss sawal parr vichaar curr rhaa thaa kii kyaa vaha vaastav mein ack chhoti ladki kii parvarish karane vaale vyakti they, iss tathya seey bilkul anjaan they kii vaastav mein unakaa usa parvarish seey bahut cumm lena-denaa thaa. vartamaan mein, ack ginny-suar key saath, vaha usake asahaj dhyaan mein aaa gaee. vaha usake saamane ack kursi parr baith gaee, aur kahaah "main vaapas aakar bahut khush huun. usa bharey hue mahal mein yeh bhayaanak thaa. mujhe lagata haye kii unhone poore saal kabhi khidakiyan naheen kholin aur unhone mujhe merey shayankaksh kii khidki kholane seey rokane kii koshish kii. unhone kahaa kii mujhe sardi lagani chaahiye. kyaa aapane kabhi itani murkhtapurna baat sunee haye? kyaa aapako khushi naheen haye kii main vaapas aaa gayaa huun?" "haan", pradhaanmantri ney apane swar mein swaagat kii koee atishayokti garmajoshi key binaa kahaa. "lekin kaash aap rajkumari key prati apmaanjanak naa hotey." "khair, main usake prati apmaanjanak naheen honah chaahata thaa. meraa kabhi bhee aisaa honey kaa irada naheen thaa; lekin jaba usane mujhe maaraa, tou main madad naheen curr sakaa; main vaastav mein naheen curr sakaa. aur aakhirkaar, meraa patra padhana apmaanjanak thaa, aap jaanate hain. bahut hii apmaanjanak. aur way sooaron kii tarah khaate they. unhone vaastav mein kiya." "phir bhee, mujhe lagata haye kii behtar hoga kii aap usey ack achchha patra likhein, aur samajhaaen kii aapka uddhat honey kaa matlab naheen thaa." "thheek haye", mahila ney poori udasinta key saath kahaa. "main likhuungaa aur samajhaaunga. main kissy bhee tarah seey bhayaavah jagah seey door hoe gayaa huun." iss beach shree. borodile ney nimnalikhit taar likhaa aur bheja thaah - vaha taar seey khush thaa, aur usey yakeen thaa kii yeh miss caldecott koo apane chaacha kii chhat seey turant bachane key liye itani buri tarah seey aavashyak bahaana dene key liye paryaapt roop seey jordar shabd thaa. barresford caldecott koo europe mein sabse kharaab swabhaav vaale vyakti honey kii avirodhit pratishtha praapt thee aur kewal kartavya kii kuchh hudd taka dridh bhavna hii unaki bhatiji koo unake ghar leey aaee. ack niyam key roop mein, kartavya kii vaha bhavna usey ack baar mein ack pakhwade seey adhik samay taka usamen naheen rakh sakati thee. taar bhejate hue, shree. borodile ney ack patra dwara sahaayata key liye apani yachika koo majboot karna achchha socha; aur vaha ise atyadhik khushi key saath likhane key liye baith gayaa. sammaanpurvak prashansa key uddeshya seey baat karane kii tulanaa mein likhana cumm santoshjanak haye, lekin yeh kuchh bhee naheen seey behtar haye. patra likhana aasaan naheen thaa, kyonki, halanki unhone kabhi bhee apani prashansa koo chhipa naheen rakhaa thaa, miss caldcoat hamesha ise vyakt karane key apane prayason seey butch gaee theen yaa unaki jaanch kii thee. kathin rajanyik patron key kushal lekhak, unhone ise apani pasand key anusaar praapt karane seey pahale chaar baar likhaa thaa. aakhirkaar unhone ise puuraa curr liya, aur yeh chalaa gayaah - una sabhi key liye joe miss caldecott shree seey ack patra kii talash mein thaa. borodile, lifafe parr usaki likhaavat koo dekhkar usake madhyam seey ack romanch bheja. romanch ney usey aashcharyachakit aur naraj curr diyaa; isase vaha pareshan bhee hoe gaee. vaha degree seey shree kaa anand lene aaee thee. borodile kii usake prati prashansa kabhi chhipi naheen thee, lekin usane ise kabhi gambhirta seey naheen liya thaah aisaa karna betuka hotaa, kyonki usake doston key beach yeh achchi tarah seey samajha jaataa thaa kii vaha ack ameer patni seey shaadi karane vaalaa thaa, jiska paisa usaki mahatvakankshaon koo aage badhaayega. apane jaisi ack bekam ladki key saath shaadi kaa matlab ack aise currier koo barbad karna thaa joe itna shandar honey kaa vaadaa kartaa thaa. vaha iss dhaarana mein thee kii vaha usey apane doston mein seey kewal sabse sukhad aur sabse manoranjak maanati thee. romanch ack sabse apriya chetavani key roop mein aaya kii usaki gahari bhaavanaaen iss mamle mein usase kaheen adhik chintit hoe sakati hain jitna vaha sochati thee. turant unhone cumm seey cumm ack pakhwade key liye pattharbaaji mein naheen lautane kaa sankalp liya; aur unhone lady nogs koo apane governess key pada seey istife parr bhee vichaar karna shuru curr diyaa. vaha kissy bhee khushi key saath barresford caldecott key saath ack aur pakhwade rahane key liye utsuk naheen thee. vaastav mein, yeh shayed hii kabhi hotaa kii apane liye banaae gaye bhavya mahal mein bhojan binaa toote hue saman key durghatanagrast honey seey pareshan hue aur yeh tathya kii ghar mein naukaron kaa ack nirantar julus chala rhaa thaa, kyonki unamen seey koee bhee joe kissy bhee tarah seey apane malik key sampark mein aaya, ack saptah seey adhik naheen rhaa, jisase usake astitva mein kuchh bhee naheen aaya. usake gusse key prakop ney usey aur daraya naheen, lekin phir bhee usey way pareshan karate they; aur iss tathya kii usaki punaravritti mein kuchh thakaau thaa kii usey kabhi bhee uska ack paisa bhee khojane kii aavashyakta naheen thee. haalaanki, usane usake saath ack pakhwada bitaane key apane iraade koo puuraa naheen kiya. shree. borodile ney binaa kissy deree key usey patthar kii tunky mein vaapas laane kaa sankalp liya thaa aur usane usa lakshya koo paar karane key liye koee prayaas naheen chhoda. unhein apane patra key prabhaav key baare mein kuchh sandeh thaa. isaliye, unhone pradhaanmantri koo sujhaav diyaa kii unhein bhee unhein likhana chaahiye; aur jaba vaastav mein mahila parr nazar rakhane key bhayaanak kaary kaa saamana karna padaa, tou unakaa dill whiffle hoe gayaa thaa, unhone utsukta key saath iss sujhaav koo sweekaar curr liya, aur turant likhaa. uska patra usake baad subah miss caldecott taka pahuncha jiss parr shree. borodile aaa chuke they. unhein pradhaanmantri key liye bahut pasand thaa, aur vaha jaanati thee kii mahila nags key baare mein unaki chinta kabhi shaant naheen hui thee, aur unhein patra seey spasht roop seey pataa chalaa kii yeh iss samay teevra thaa. apane saath kuchh bahas key baad unhone ack pakhwade key liye patthar seey door rahane kaa apana irada chhod diyaa, aur kahaa kii vaha usa dopahar vahaan hongi. usake chaacha ney usake jaldi jaane kii khabar kaa swaagat karate hue gusse mein bhadak gaeh lekin choonki usane iss khabar kaa swaagat kiya hoga kii usane ack pakhwade, yaa kissy anya prakaar kii khabar koo, isi tarah key prakop key saath rahane kaa prastaav diyaa thaa, joe naa tou yahaan thaa aur naa hii vahaan. usane usey ack baar phir yeh ashvasana dene kaa avsar naheen ganvaaya kii usey usase kabhi ack paisa bhee naheen milega. yatra mein, ise apane dimag seey door rakhane key unake kathin prayason key bavjood, shree koo dekhkar unhone joe romanch mahsoos kiya thaa, usaki smriti. borodile kii likhaavat kuchh hudd taka mahatvapurna aur pareshan karane vaali thee, jaba taka kii vaha khud koo ghabarahat jaisi cheez key saath usase milane key liye utsuk naheen paati thee. shree key darshan seey usa ghabarahat koo uchit thaharaaya gayaa thaa. borodile ney khud, ack patthar kii motor-kaar mein uska intezar karate hue, usake dwara likhi gaee likhaavat kii tulanaa mein aur bhee adhik hinsak romanch bheja. usake baad, yeh swabhavik thaa kii uska abhivaadan thandak kaa honah chaahiye, aur usey patthar parr vaapas aaney mein koee khushi naheen dikhaani chaahiye. shree. borodile kissy bhee tarah seey usaki thandak key prati andhaa naheen thaa, lekin usane apani nirasha naheen dikhaai; apani swabhavik, khush karane kii apani kaushal key saath, vaha turant baat karane lagaa jaise kii vaha lautane parr bahut khush thee.

lady nogs, peeres/adhyaya 7 adhyaya 6 adhyaya 8 Â 3 shree. aaa lady nogs catford aramanege hodaaga, stonorilnalliruva nivasigalige shanti endare enu endu tilidiruttade emba borodylna helikeyu saakashtu nijavendu saabitaayitu. aadare avaru aaa aashirvaadavannu padedaga adannu anandisuttare emba avara anumaanavu kadime aadhaararahitavaagiralilla. yaavude nirdishta dinadallellaa, aaa mahila nogs avarondige swalpa samayadavarege iddaru, aadaroo aaa alpa samayavu ulida ippattanaalku gantegala mele prakashamanavada prabhaavavannu beeritu; avalu kaiyalliddaale mattu bahushah sakriyalagiddale, svalpamattige soumyavaada shailiyalli sakriyalagiddale emba shaashvatavaada pragneyu avara jeevanakke uttejaka anishchitateya masaleyannu serisitu, mattu eega avalu hoda nantara avaru tumba mandavagi maarpattaru. shree. lady nogs anupasthitiyu miss caldecott anupasthitiyondige ittu emba amshadinda dudukutanavu savira pattu hechchaagide; mattu avaru catfordninda bere yaavude suddigaliginta hecchina utsaahadinda kayuttiddaru. aadaagyoo, aaa mahile asamaadhaanakaravendu saabitaaguttade emba suddi avarobbare khachitavaagi nirikshisiddaru. nalkane dinada madhyahna avaru pradhana mantriyondige hulluhaasina mele chahaadalli kulitiddaru, mattu avaribbaroo aaa uutavannu kandukondaru, lady nogs mattu miss caldecott avara upasthitiyinda alankarisalpattilla, idu swalpa nirashaadaayakavaada sambandhavaagide. avaru dinavidi ottige iddaru, hecchina samaya kashtapattu kelasa maaduttiddaru, mattu avaru tamma kelasavannu tamma hinde haakalu arivillade nirdharisiddaru. duradrushtavashat, ee sankalpavu avarige maatanaadalu enoo sigalilla; mattu avaru mandavaada mounadalli tamma cigarate seduttiddaru. ondu gaadi adara mele gudugitu, mattu avaru nijavagiyoo aasaktiya niriksheyondige podesasyagalu konegolluva binduvina kadege tamma kannugalannu tirugisidaru, mattu drive hulluhaasina anchinalli teredukollade oduttade. prastuta aaa gaadi kannige kaanisuttittu, mattu adhu halligaadina railu nildaanada suttaloo kadiddantaha, marada dimmigalullah nonavendu saabitaayitu. adara meelchaavaniyu kandagalinda tumbittu; mattu avugalannu nodidaga sparshada nagu shree. borodylna mukha. pradhana mantriya kannugalu aaa kandagala mele sampoornavaagi eradu nimishagala modalu, avaru aghatakari novina dhwaniyalli, "khanditavaagiyoo avu phelisiyaada kandagalu!" "avaru nijavagiyoo", shree helidaru. borodile; mattu avana dhwaniyu yaavude aashcharyada kuruhugalinda muktavaagittu, idu kadime gamanarhavagittu, ekendare avanige enoo anisuvudilla. "priya, priya! idu tumba besarada sangatiyagide!"endu mukhyamantrigalu helidaru. "rajakumariyu avalannu marali kaluhisirabeku. enaagabahudittu?"mattu avanu taraturiyalli eddu nintanu. "santoshada christian maguvina sundaravaada maargagalu sambhavisive, spashtavagi saakashtu", shree. borodile. pradhaanamantriyavaru koteya kadege vegavagi nadedaru, nantara shree. nonavu hennina nogs mattu dodda, dundaada, ekangiyagi orataada mukhada hengasannu berpadisidanteye borodile adara praveshadvaaravannu talupitu. aaa parichita drashyada suttaloo nagutta truptiyinda noduttiruvaga, aaa lady nogs avaru shaantate mattu swayam-swadhinada bahuteka sooktavaada chitravannu prastutapadisidaru. pradhana mantriya bully, aaa dodda, dundagina mahile, tumba nayavagi usiraaduttiddalu, eshtu usiraaduttiddalu embudannu gamanisalu maatra samayavittu, aatana sodara sose aatanannu aaa vipareeta vatsalyadinda appikolluttiddaga, adhu aagaagge mahileya hrudayadalli tappitastha pragneya parinamavaguvudilla. pradhana mantriyu tanna appaneyannu spashtavagi paripoornavaada shailiyalli hindirugisidaru mattu aatankada asamaadhaanada dhwaniyalli, "neevu eke marali bandiddiri? idara arthavenu?" aaa mahile, "naanu hintirugalu kelalilla" endu, aksheparha pratibhataneya dhwaniyalli praarambhisidaru. rajakumari kaluhisidalu-" "naanu baroness pulvermature", dodda, dundaada hengasinalli bisi tivravaadante muridalu. "mattu idara arthavenendu artha! anagarika magu! vaan leadle kroora! avalu prati galiyalloo kshoura maadida zee pudalgalannu hondiddalu! eegale gaali bittilla! illa, vaan 'air alla!" pradhaanamantriyavaru aaa dodda, gaddalada mahileyannu sampoorna digbhrameyinda nodidaru. ee gambhiravaada mattu teevra vivaraneya ondu padavoo aatanige arthavagalilla. aadare tanna sodara sose tannannu taanu pratyekisikondiddaale endu avanige masukaagi tilidittu, haage maaduva pratiyondu avakaashadondige, avanu endigoo abhyasa madalilla; mattu avanu helidanu, "priya, priya! idu tumba besarada sangatiyagide! enaayitu? nanage arthavaguttilla!" aaa lady nogs vijayashaliyada gaaliyinda aaa baronession mele tirugitu mattu "allie! janara patragalli hastakshepa maaduvudarinda enu baruttade embudannu neevu noduttiri! neevu nanna patravannu apramanikavagi odi adannu haridu hakiradiddare, chikkappanige aaa poodles bagge tilidiruttittu. eega avanu illa!" "avalu kshoura maadida zee poodles-zee bringesna zee poodles!"baroness pulvermatcher innoo hecchu bisilinalli koogidalu, balagai modala mattu madhya beralugalinda tanna edagaiyannu raap maaduva moolaka mattu hurupu mattu vegadinda tanna taleyannu mutty avala arthavannu spashtapadisidalu. pradhana mantriyu avalannu innoo hecchu digbhrameyinda nodutta, "aadare neevu poodles annu kshoura maduttiri." "aadare avalu kshoura maadidalu jhe tob-nodes mattu jhe ruffs. idu gaali alla! illa, vaan alla!" pradhaanamantriyavaru tamma gaddavannu drudhavaagi hididu adannu hididukondaru. "mattu ellaroo taledoogidaru!"barreness munduvariyitu. "avalu vilhelminaalannu kolakke esedalu! aake tanna udupinalli shayiyannu hakikondalu!" "idu ketta kathe! eradoo ketta kathegalu!"aaa hengasannu dodda mattu nyaayayuta koopadinda koogidaru. "aaa murkha putta hudugi eradannoo taane maadidalu!" "wans more-wans more", endu hedarike mattu hataasheya koneya uchchaaranegalalli, baroness koogidaru, avalu jhe bringes vilhelminaalannu sealy leadle hudugi endu karedalu!" "bahushah, lady felicia ee asaktidayaka ghatanegala bagge tanna vivaraneyannu niididare, enaayitu embudara bagge naavu hecchu nikharavaada kalpaneyannu rupisalu saadhyavaaguttade" endu shree helidaru. borodile, tanna bhaavaneya himsaachaaravu aaa baroness annu ondu haaduhoguva mounakke iliside emba amshada laabhavannu padedukondalu. "idu nanna tappalla, sahajavagi, poodles bagge. mattu nijavagiyoo avu ashtu videshi endu kanalilla ", endu aaa mahile, doddadaagi aadare ashtenu spashtavagilla endu helidaru. "rajakumari wilhelmina neerina-lilligalannu sangrahisuttiddalu, mattu avalu swatah kolakke biddalu. yaaraadaru irabahudu. naanu aakege shayiyannu haakalilla. aake tannannu taanu muchchu maadikondalu. aake mejina batteya mele kappu maadarigalannu maatra tayaarisuttiddalu. mejina batte kempu bannaddagittu." "idu shlaghaniya kaarana", shree helidaru. borodile. "aadare ee duradrushtagalu nimma chikka saha aatagaaranige sambhavisidaaga neevu alliddiri endu naanu bhavisuvudu tappe?" "playmate!"ananta tiraskaaradinda aaa hengasannu koogidaru. "neevu aakeya aatavannu nodirabeku! hegendu avalige tilidiralilla!" "aadare ee duradrushtagalu aakege sambhavisidaaga neevu alliddira?"shree. helidaru. borodile, tanna matige baddhanaagi. "houdu, khanditavaagiyoo naanu alliye idde. naanu bere ellie irabeku?"endu aaa mahile nakkaru. "aadare naanu aakege shayiyannu haakalilla. aake tannannu taanu muchchu maadikondalu. mattu naanu avalannu kolakke eseyalilla. aake olage biddalu. naanu maadiddene endu heluvudu ketta kathe." "mattu poodles bagge?"shree. helidaru. borodile, tanikheyannu munduvarisuttaane. "aaa buddhivanta jivigalige enaayitu?" aaa hennina nagsna mukhavu svachchavaayitu, mattu avalu nagutta, ondu manamuttuva mattu manaranjane ghataneyannu nenapisikondalu. "surry, avaru swalpa tamaasheyaagi kaanuttiddaru", endu avaru wappikondaru. "aadare avaru hege kaanuttaarendu nanage hege tiliyitu? aaa ellah alankaaragalu mattu vastugalillade avaru uttamavaagi kaanuttiddaru endu yaaraadaru bhavisirabahudu; mattu aaddarinda naavu avugalannu kattarisidevu. aadare avaru madalilla, murkha sangatigalu! avaru tumba tamaasheyaagi kaanuttiddaru."mattu aake tanna manassinalli oppuva chitravannu nodi matte nakkalu. "mattu jhaaygalu jhe brins mattu brimsesna phevaritgalaagive. eegale gaali bidalilla!"barren, mattomme tanna dukkhada horeyannu kanneerina mattu chalisuva gambhirateyinda ettikondalu. shree. borodile iddakkiddante kuggida saakupraanigala chitravannu nodidanu mattu avanu nidhaanavaagi nakkanu. pradhana mantriyu baroness palvarmecharninda hididu lady nogs varege mattu lady nagsninda baroness pulvermature varege, atyanta asamadhanakara gaaliyalli nodidaru. "aamele enaayitu?"shree. helidaru. borodile. "oh, aaga-aaga raajakumaarige tumba kopa bantu", endu aaa mahile helidalu. "adhu nannade tappu endenisuttade. poodalsgalannu kshoura madidaga avu tumba tamaasheyaagi kaanuttave endu nanage hege tiliyitu? mattu avalu nanage hogalu helidalu, mattu nannannu hodeyalu prayatnisidalu. mattu nanage tumba kopa bantu. mattu naanu swalpa orataagidde endu naanu bhavisuttene. aadare avalu nannannu hodeyalu prayatnisuvudaralli yaavude asakti hondiralilla." "avalu uddhatalalaagiddaale! oh, uddhatatana!"endu aaa rajakumari alatodagidalu. mattu avalu gaaliyinda tanna kaigalannu beesuttiddalu. aaa hengasu aaa baranesannu sampoorna tiraskaaradinda nodutta, aakeya usirina kelage gonagutta, "sneak!" "neevu asabhyavagiddira?"shree. helidaru. borodile. "naanu doora baralu santoshavagide endu maatra helide, ekendare avaru avamanakara janaru, mattu handigalante tinnuttaare. mattu avaru-avaru nimage nanna patravondannu odidaru, chikkappa; mattu nantara avalu adannu haridu hakidalu. mattu avaru handigalante tinnuttaare ", endu aaa mahile drudhavaagi helidalu. "priya, priya! idu tumba besarada sangatiyagide!"endu mukhyamantrigalu helidaru. "felicia, ninna hiriyarige karey madabedi endu naanu ninage eshtu baari helabeku-aadare allie, ninnondige maatanaaduvudu nishprayojakavagide. neevu nannondige bandare, baroness pulvermatcher, naavu ee vishayavannu charchisabahudu, mattu bahushah, nirantara, enu sambhaviside embudara bagge naanu enannaadaroo kaliyalu saadhyavaaguttade." idarondige, avanu mattu aaa rajakumari koteyolage hodaru. avaru kanmareyadaga, aaa hengasaru hulluhaasinalliruva chahaa mejigaagi jenunonagala salannu tayaarisidaru, adaralli shree. borodile. german rajamanetanada mele lady nagsna parinaamada bagge avara kutuhalavu yaava karanakkoo kadimeyagalilla. aaa hengasaru swalpa utsaahadinda aaa teluvaada rotti mattu benneya mele biddaru; mattu aatanu, "ninage hasivu toruttide." "nanage hasivagide", endu aaa mahile helidalu. "nanage aaa aramaneyalli tinnalu sadhyavagalilla. neevu tumbida randhradalli tinnalu sadhyavilla, nimage gotta, aahara chennagiddaroo saha. mattu adhu agalilla. adhu german agirabeku endu naanu bhavisuttene. idu endigoo suddha ruchiyannu hondiralilla; idu yavagalu dappa ruchiya mattu jiddinantittu." shree. borodile avalannu cake, haalu mattu kenegalinda tumbisidalu; mattu avalu tanna hasivannu truptipadisidaaga, avalu tanna kurchiyalli kulitu, "naanu marali baralu santoshavagide. adhu eshtu krooravaagittu embudu nimage tilidilla, billi-yavagalu obbara atyuttama nadavalike." "neevu atyuttama vartane hondiddira?"shree. helidaru. borodile. "houdu; idu yaavude dodda ottadavannu tadedukolluvudilla." aaa hengasu tanna kurchiyalli neravagi kulitu avanannu teevra anumaanadinda noditu. "nimma uddeshavenu?"endu aake helidalu. "nanna atyuttama nadavalikeyu tumba uttama nadavalikeyagide." "oh, houdu, khandita-houdu, houdu", shree helidaru. borodile avasaradalli. "adbhuta! adbhuta!" lady nogs sulabha bhangige maralidaru mattu frederic dhii gretninda catfordnavaregina varsagalalli banda shishtacharada sampradaayada bagge tivravagi tiraskaarada vivaranege mulugidaru. swalpa swalpa prashnegala moolaka, shree. borodile, mainingen-schwerin avara maneyalli mooru dinagala kaala tangidda ghatanegala bagge spashtikarisada mattu asambaddhavaada niroopaneyannu aakeyinda padedaru. ellarigoo, avaru ee katheyannu manaranjane katheyaagi kandaru, ekendare avara mukhavu nagugalinda tumbittu; mattu avaru halavaaru baari nidhaanavaagi nakkaru. adara koneyalli aaa mahile swalpa aatankadinda, "naanu visheshavaagi kettaddannu maadiddenendu naanu bhavisuvudilla, allave, billi? sahajavagi, aaa poodles tumba tamaasheyaagi kaanuttiddavu, aadare naanu nijavagiyoo avarannu noisalilla, nimage gotta." "illa", shree helidaru. borodile, tanna atyanta nyayangada gaaliyondige. "neevu tumba kettaddannu madiddiri endu naanu bhavisuvudilla. onde vishayavendare, neevu antaha shaantavaada sanna kolakke beelalu bahala dodda kallugallu agiddiri." aaa mahile avanannu gambhiravagi nodutta, avana matugalannu tugutta, "adhu antahadde aagittu" endu helidalu. billi, naanu ninna bagge ishtapaduvudenendare, ninage vishayagalu arthavaguttave. mattu, ellah nantara, naanu allige hogalu bayasalilla."avalu viramagolisi matte yochisidalu; nantara avalu teevra chintaneyinda helidalu" naanu bhavisuttene-naanu hogi pranigalannu noduttene endu naanu bhavisuttene. aaa bhayanaka vruddha byaronininda neravagi chikkappa bandare, aatanige vishayagala bagge saakashtu tappu kalpane iruttade, nimage gottillave?" "idu chennagiruttade endu naanu bhavisuttene", shree helidaru. borodile; mattu aaa hengasu tanna sakupranigalannu nodalu ashvashaalegala dikkinalli nadedaadidalu. shree. borodile summane kulitu mattondu cigarate belagisida. eradu baari aata vipareeta truptiyinda nakkanu, ekendare aata mundina ippattanaalku gantegalalli miss caldecatna maraluvikeyannu hudukuttiddanu. aata taanu dhumapana maaduttidda cigarate annu mugisiddanu, mattu innondu daariyalli ardhadaariyalle iddaaga, gaadi koteya praveshadvaarakke banditu; pradhana mantriyu baroness pulvermature annu adaralli haakidaru, mattu avalu horatuhodaaga, hulluhaasina kelage taraturiyalli avana kadege bandaru. avanu hattiravaguttiddante, shree. tanna saamaanya keralisuva gaaliyu hindendigintaloo hecchu keraluttiruvudannu borodile kandanu. avanu kurchiyalli mulugi, "felicia aghatakariyagi vartisuttaale-asahyakaravagi!" endu koogidanu." "svalpavoo alla", shree helidaru. borodile mounavaagi. "hege-enu? aadare aake adannu maadiddaare "endu pradhani helidaru. "aake kevala tuntalashte alla, sakaaraatmakavaagi aviveki kooda agiddale. avalu rajakumariyada vilhelminaarannu kolakke esedalu; avalu avala mele shayiyannu chimmisidalu; mattu avalu tanna koodalannu atyanta novina reetiyalli eledalu. idallade, aake kevala baroness palvarmekarge matravalla, rajakumara mattu rajakumariyarigoo atyanta uddhatatanavannu toridalu." "aaa baroness pulvermature tanna aatmada horeyannu tegeduhaakidante toruttade", shree helidaru. borodile. "houdu, aake ee vishayadalli saakashtu muktavaagi mattu muktavaagiddaare." "surry, nanna kadeyinda", shree helidaru. borodile, "naanu avala mukta muktateya mele hecchu bharavannu hakuvudilla. enaayitu embudara bagge lady felicia avara aavruttiyannu naanu bayasuttene. avalu satyavannu heluttaale endu namage tilidide; mattu satyavannu heluvudu german abhyasa endu nambalu namage yaavude karanavilla. rajakumariya vilhelminaala duradrushtakke felicia emba mahile kaarana embudaralli nanage yaavude sandehavilla; aadare aaa maguvina adrushtaheena taleya mele avarannu taruvalli aake sakriya agent agiralilla endu nanage khatriyide. avalu avalannu kolakke eseyalilla. adaralli beleda neeru-lilligalannu keelalu avalu salahe niididalu. phalitaamshavu prayogikavagi onde aagiruttade endu naanu oppikolluttene; aadare obba vyaktiyannu kolakke eseyuvudu mattu neerina-lilligalannu keelalu suchisuvudara naduve dodda vyatyaasavide. matte, avalu nanage helidalu, mattu naanu avalannu nambuttene, avalu tanna chikka aatada sangaatiya mele shayiyannu eseyalilla. kappu maadariyu sarala kempu meju-battege dodda sudhaaraneyaagabahudendu maatra avalu avalige salahe niididalu. mattu maadida ellah shayiyannu, rajakumari wilhelmina swatah maadidaru. poodles vishayadalli, aake tappoppikondalu. aadare, aake naayigalige yaavude reetiya gaaya madalilla. mattu janaru makkalannu poodles, mattu klippargalu, mattu kolagalu mattu shaayiyondige ekangiyagi biddare, avaru antaha phalitaamshagalannu maatra nirikshisabahudu. avaru tamma hengasina feliciavannu nirdayavagirisalu, danivariyada utsaahadinda ottayisidaru; mattu aake tamage tumba balashaliyagiddalendu avaru maatra dooshisuttaare. neevu prastapisidante, miss caldecott avalondige hogiddare, ee tondaregalu iruvudilla." shree. borodile vishayagalannu neragolisidaru, pradhana mantriya mukhavu nidhaanavaagi teravugonditu. "neevu nanage heluvudu ee sambandhada mele bahala vibhinnavaada bannavannu biruttade" endu avaru helidaru. "aadare avalu rajakumara mattu rajakumariya bagge ishtu asabhyavaagi vartisadiralu naanu bayasuttene. " "idu yaavude prachodaneyillade nadedante toruvudilla", shree helidaru. borodile. "spashtavagi, rajakumariyu aaa seelaada poodalsgalannu nodi tanna koopavannu kaledukondalu mattu felicia emba hennina kivigalannu muchhalu prayatnisidalu." "surry", endu pradhana mantri helidaru, "miss caldecott eshtu bega maraluttaro ashtu olleyadu. nimma bully aakeya vilaasavideye? avalu takshanave maralalu saadhyavaaguttade endu naanu bhavisuttene." "aake tanna asaadhya chikkappa, daksina americada millionaire jote vasisuttiruvudarinda, avalu tappisikollalu ondu nepavannu helidare santoshavaguttade endu naanu bhavisuttene. "aah, houdu; beresford caldecott. bhayankara vyakti!"endu mukhyamantrigalu helidaru. "neevu aakege takshana tanti haakuvudu olleyadu. yaavude vilamba madabedi. ee madhye, avalu baruvavarege, naanu swatah felicia mahileya mele kanniduttene."avaru idannu tamma adhikaarada vyaaptiyolage kelasavannu pramanikavagi nambidante, ellah gambhirateyalloo helidaru. aatanige tadeyalaagalillavaada nagugalinda gamanavannu beredege tirugisalu, shree. borodile taraturiyalli eddu, "naanu takshana tanti haakuttene."mattu avanu vegavagi manege hodanu. pradhaaniyavaru tamma kurchiyalli hindirugi nittusiru bittaru. kopagonda mattu grahisalaagada barreness palvarmecharnondigina avana sandarshanavu mattomme tanna vivekayuta atmasakshiyannu aaa mahila nogs vishayadalli avanannu keralisalu kelasa maadalu hondisitu. mattomme aata ee prashneya bagge yochisuttidda, taanu nijavagiyoo chikka hudugiyannu belesuva reetiya manushyanagirutteneye, aaa belevanigeyondige tanage nijavagiyoo bahala kadime sambandhavide emba amshada bagge tanage tilidiralilla. prastuta, ginia-handiya jotegudi, avalu avana ahitakara dhyanagalannu muridalu. avalu avanannu edurisuttiruva kurchiyalli kulitu, "naanu marali bandiruvudakke nanage tumba santoshavagide. aaa tumbida aramaneyalli adhu bhayanakavagittu. avaru varshavidee kitakigalannu tereyalilla endu naanu bhavisabeku; mattu avaru nanna malaguva kooneya kitaki tereyuvudannu tadeyalu prayatnisidaru. nanage sheeta barabeku endu avaru helidaru. neevu endaadaroo ishtu moorkhatanada bagge keliddira? naanu marali bandaddu nimage santoshavallave?" "houdu", endu pradhani tamma dhwaniyalli yaavude utprekshita svagatada utsaahavillade helidaru. "aadare neevu rajakumariya bagge asabhyavaagi vartisadiralu naanu bayasuttene." "surry, naanu avalannu avamaanisalu bayasalilla. naanu endigoo agabekendu bayasalilla; aadare avalu nannannu hodedaaga, nanage sahaaya maadalu sadhyavagalilla; nanage nijavagiyoo sadhyavagalilla. mattu ellah nantara, nanna patravannu oduvudu avamaanakaravaagittu, nimage gotta. bahala avamanakara. mattu avaru handigalante tinnuttiddaru. avaru, nijavagiyoo, maadidaru." "aadaroo, neevu avalige ondu olleya patravannu baredu, neevu uddhatatana torisalu bayasalilla endu vivarisuvudu olleyadu endu naanu bhavisuttene." "surry", endu aaa mahile sampoorna nirlakshyadinda nakkalu. "naanu baredu vivarisuttene. naanu hegaadaroo bhayanaka sthaladinda doora sarididdene." ee madhye shree. borodile ee kelagina tanti sandeshavannu baredu kaluhisiddanuh - tantiyinda aata santoshagondanu, mattu tanna chikkappana meelchaavaniyinda tappisikollalu miss caldecatge tumba kettadaagi bekagiruva kaaranavannu niiduvashtu balavagi adannu bareyalaagide endu aatanige khatriyayitu. beresford caldecott europina atyanta ketta svabhaavada vyakti emba apratirodhya khyatiyannu hondiddaru; mattu svalpamattige ottayapoorvakavaada kartavya pragneyu maatra tanna sodara soseyannu tanna manege tanditu. niyamadante, aaa kartavya pragneyu aakeyannu ondu samayadalli hadinaidu dinagaliginta hecchu kaala adaralli irisikollalu sadhyavagalilla. tanti kaluhisida nantara, shree. sahayakkagi tanna manaviyannu patrada moolaka balapadisuvudu olleyadu endu borodile bhavisidanu; mattu avanu adannu bareyalu vipareeta santoshadinda kulitanu. obbara gouravaanvita mecchugeya vastuvinondige maatanaaduvudakkinta bareyuvudu kadime truptikaravagide, aadare adhu enoo illadiruvudakkinta uttamavaagide. aaa patravannu bareyuvudu sulabhavagiralilla, ekendare, avaru tamma mecchugeyannu endigoo rahasyavagidadiddaroo, miss caldecott yavagalu tappisikondiddaru athawa adannu vyaktapadisuva avara prayatnagalannu parishilisuttiddaru. avaru kashtada rajatantrika patragala nipuna barahagararagiddaru, avaru idannu tamma ichchege takkante padeyuva modalu naalku baari barediddaru. konege aata adannu mugisida, mattu adhu odituhu - aaa elladakkoo, miss caldecott shree avarinda patravannu hudukuttiddaru. borodile, lakoteya mele avana kaibarahavannu nodidaga avalalli romanchana mooditu. aaa romanchanavu aakeyannu aashcharyagolisitu mattu keralisitu; adhu aakeyannu asamaadhaanagolisitu. aake padavigala moolaka shree avarannu anandisalu bandiddaru. borodile tanna bagge ittiruva mecchugeyannu endigoo maremachiralilla, aadare avalu adannu endigoo gambhiravagi pariganisiralillah haage maaduvudu asambaddhavaagiruttittu, ekendare avanu srimanta hendatiyannu maduveyaguttane endu avana sneehitaralli chennagi arthavagittu, avana hanavu avana mahatvaakaankshegalannu hechchisuttade. tannantaha dustara hudugiobbalondigina maduveyu tanna vrattijeevanavannu haalumaaduvudaagittu, adhu tumba adbhutavaagabahudendu bharavase needitu. tanna sneehitaralli aatanannu atyanta ahlaadakara mattu atyanta manaranjaneyavanendu taanu pariganisiddene emba bhaavaneyalliruttiddalu. aakeya aalavaada bhavanegalu ee vishayadalli aake bhavisiddakkinta hecchu kaalajiyannu hondirabahudu emba atyanta ahitakara echcharikeyaagi romanchanavu banditu. takshanave avaru kanishta hadinaidu dinagala kaala kallina kallina balige hintirugabaaradendu nirdharisidaru; mattu avaru lady nagsge tamma governess huddeya raajinaameyannu pariganisalu praarambhisidaru. barresford caldecatnondige innoo hadinaidu dinagala kaala uliyalu aake yaavude santoshadinda eduru nodalilla. murida crockery apaghaatadinda aake kangettaga, mattu maneya moolaka sevakara nirantara meravanige nadeyuttidda kaarana, adara yajamaananondige yaavude reetiyalli samparkakke bandavaralli yaaroo ondu vaarakkinta hecchu kaala uliyalillavaaddarinda, aata tanagaagi nirmisikonda bhavyavaada aramaneyalli uutavu haaduhoguvudu aparoopavaagittu. avana koopavu avalannu innu munde hedarisalilla, aadare avalu innoo avarannu kirikirigolisuttidda; mattu avalu endigoo tanna ondu paiseyannu hudukuva agatyavilla emba amshavannu avanu punaruchcharisuvalli besarada sangatiyittu. aadaagyoo, avalondige hadinaidu dinagala kaala kaleyuva tanna uddeshavannu avalu puraisalilla. shree. borodile yaavude vilambavillade avalannu kallina kallina balige marali taralu nirdharisidanu; mattu aaa dikkannu diksuchi maadalu avanu yaavude prayatnavannu bidalilla. aatanige tanna patrada parinaamada bagge swalpa anumaanavittu. aaddarinda, taanu saha aakege patra bareyabekendu aata pradhana mantriyavarige salahe niididaru; mattu, aaa hengasina mele kanniduva bhayanaka kelasavannu edurisidaaga, aatana hrudayavu viphalavaada kaarana, aata aaa salaheyannu utsaahadinda sweekarisi, takshanave baredaru. avana patravu marudina beligge miss caldecatge talupitu, aaa dina shree. borodiles bandittu. aakege pradhana mantriya bagge apaaravaada preeti ittu, mattu aaa hengasara bagge aatanige idda aatankavu endigoo shantavagiralilla endu aakege tilidittu, mattu aaa patradinda aake spashtavagi tilidukondaddu aaa kshanadalli adhu tivravagittu. tannondige swalpa charcheya nantara avalu hadinaidu dinagala kaala kallina kallininda duraviruva tanna uddeshavannu tyajisidalu mattu aaa madhyahna taanu alliye iruvenendu karedalu. aakeya chikkappa aakeya begane nirgamisida suddiyannu koopadinda svagatisidaruhu aadare avalu hadinaidu dinagala kaala athawa bere yaavude reetiya suddigalannu idhe reetiya spotadondige uliyalu prastapisida suddiyannu avanu svaagatisiddarinda, adhu illiyu iralilla athawa alliyu iralilla. aakege tanna kadeyinda endigoo ondu paiseyu siguvudilla endu mattomme bharavase needuva avakaashavannu avanu kaledukollalilla. prayanadalli, adannu tanna manassininda duravidalu avalu maadida shramadayaka prayatnagala horataagiyoo, shree avarannu nodi avalu anubhavisida romanchanada nenapu. borodylna kaibarahavu swalpa mattige mukhyavaagittu mattu tondaredaayakavaagittu, avalu avanannu naragala aatankadantaha yavudo bhetiyannu edurunoduttiruvudannu kandalu. shree avara darshanadinda aaa bhayavu samarthanegonditu. swatah borodile, ondu kallina motaru-kaarinalli avaligaagi kayuttiddanu, tanna kaibarahada drashyakkinta hecchu himsaatmaka romanchanavannu avalalli kaluhisidanu. adara nantara, aakeya shubhashayavu ghanikarisuva shitadinda koodiruvudu sahajavagittu, mattu avalu kallina balige hintirugidaaga yaavude santoshavannu torisabaradu. shree. borodile avala shitakke yaavude reetiyalli kurudanagiralilla, aadare avanu tanna niraasheyannu torisalilla; tanna sahaja, santoshada jaanmeyinda, avanu takshanave avalu hindirugidaaga atiyagi santoshapaduttiddante maatanaadalu praarambhisidanu.

lady nags, piyaras/adhyayam 7 adhyayam 6 adhyayam 8 Â 3 emm. lady nags catford kottaratthilekku pookumbool stonorilile nivaasikalkk samadhaanam enthaanennu ariyamenna borodylinte prasthavana mathiyaya sathyamaanenn thelinju. ennaal aaa anugraham labhikkumbol avar athu aaswadikkumenna addehathinte samshayam ottum adisthaanarahithamaayirunnil. eathoru divasathilum, aaa sthree nugs avarodoppamundaayirunnu, pakshe oru cheria samayam, ennittum aaa churungiya samayam backie irupathinaalu manikkoorukalil thilakkamaarnna swaadheenam chelutthi; aval kaiyilaanennum orupakshe sajeevamaanennum, kurachukoodi soumyamaaya reethiyil sajeevamaanennum ulla sthiramaaya bodham avarude jeevithathil aaveshakaramaaya anishchithathvathinte sugandham chertthu, ippol aval avar poyathode avar valare mangiyavarayi. misttar. lady nogsinte abhavam miss caldecottinte abhaavathodoppam undayirunnathinaal durbbalathvam ayiram madangu vardhichuvennum catfordil ninnulla mattethoru vaarthayekkaalum valare valia aakaamkshayode addeham kaathirikkukayaanennum borodyl paranju. ennirunnaalum, aaa sthree nags thripthikaramallennu vaartha theliyikkumennathu addehathinu maathram urappaayirunnu. naalam divasam uchathirinju addeham pradhaanamanthrikkoppam pultthakidiyile chaayayil irunnu, avar randuperum aaa bhakshanam kaanukayaayirunnu, lady nogsinteyum miss caldecottinteyum saannidhyathil alankarikkappedaathe, oru paridhivare nirashaajanakamaaya kaaryamaayirunnu. avar divasam muzhuvan orumichu jolie cheyyukayum mikka samayathum kadinaadhvaanam cheyyukayum cheythu, avarude jolie pinnott vekkaan avar bodhapoorvam theerumaanichu. nirbhagyavashaal, eee dridanishchayam avarkk samsarikkaan onnum kandethaan kazhiyaathe vannu; avar nishabdamaaya oru nishabdathayil sigaratt valichu. oru vandiyude shabdashabdam athil pottipurappettu, avar kuttichedikal avasaanikkunna sthalathekku sarikkum thaalpparyathode annukal thirikkukayum pultthakidiyude attathu drive screen cheyyaathe oodukayum cheythu. nilavil vandi kaanaanothungi, oru naadan railway steshanu chuttum virachukondu kaathirikkunna tharatthilulla oru thadikkunna, maram kondulla eechayaayi athu thelinju. athinte melkoora thadikalaal niranjirunnu; avaye kandappol sparsikkunna ulladakkathinte oru punchiri shree. borodylinte mukham. pradhaanamanthriyude annukal aaa thumbikkaiyilaanu, rund minitt munbu addeham njettikkunna vedanayude swarathil, "theerchayaayum avaa feliciayude thumbikkaiyaanu!" "avar sarikkum", shree. paranju. borodyl; addehathinte swaram athbhuthathinte oru adayaalathil ninnum mukthamaayirunnu, athu addehathinu onnum anubhavapettilla ennathinaal sradheyamaayirunnilla. "priyane, priyane! ithu valare maduppikkunnathaanu!"pradhaanamantri paranju. "rajakumari avale thirichayachirikkanam. enthokke sambhavikkumaayirunnu?"avan thidukkathil ezhunnettu. "santhushtanaaya oru kristhyan kuttiyude manoharamaaya vazhikal vyakthamaayi sambhavichu", misttar pirupirutthu. borodyl. pradhaanamantri vegathil kottayilekku nadannu, thudarnnu shree. borodyl, eecha lady nogsineyum ottaykku chulivulla mukhamulla oru valia, vrithaakrithiyilulla sthriyeyum vighadippichappol athinte praveshana kavaadatthil ethi. punchirikkunna samthrupthiyode parichithamaaya ramgathinu chuttum nokkumbol lady nogs shaanthathayudeyum svayam swaadheenathinteyum anuyojyamaaya chithram avatharippichu. aaa valuthum vrithaakruthiyilullathumaaya sthree shwaasammuttiyathum, athra kadinamaayi shwasichukondirikkunnathum, ayaalude anantharaval aaa amithamaya vaathsalyathode avane aalinganam cheyyumbol, athu sthree hridayathile kuttabodhatthinte prabhavam apoorvvamaayi maathram aayirikkunnathumaayirikkunnathum, avale thalarthunnathum, eathaandu kadinamaayi shwaasammuttunnathumaaya avasthayil kaananum maathrame pradhaanamanthrikk samayam undaayirunnulloo. pradhaanamantri avale aalinganam cheyth valare nishkalankamaaya reethiyil thirichayakkukayum, utkandaakulamaaya aswasthathayode, "ningal enthinaanu thirichethiyathu? enthaanu ithinte ardham?" sthree nags, parathiparamaaya prathishedhatthinte shabdathil, "njaan thirichuvaraan aavasyappettitla. rajakumari ayachu-" "njaan baroness pulvermature aanu", chooderiya theekshnathayode valuthum vrithaakruthiyilullathumaaya sthree pottikkaranju. "enthaanu athinte ardham ennu manassilakkuka! saatt ees voonn barbarian kutty! voonn leadle krooratha! aval oro vaayuvinteyum vellachaattathinte poodilukal kshouram cheythu! sarr ees nottu voonn eyar baakkiyayi! illa, vaayuvalla!" valia shabdamullah aaa sthriye pradhaanamantri thikanja ambarappode nokki. eee aathmaarthavum chooderiyathumaaya vishadeekaranathinte oru vaakk polum addehathinu manassilayilla. ennaal thante anantharaval svayam verthiricheduthuvennu addehathinu mangiya bodhamundaayirunnu, angane cheyyaanulla oro avasarathilum addeham orikkalum sheelichitilla; addeham paranju, "priyappettavare, priyappettavare! ithu valare maduppikkunnathaanu! enthaanu sambhavichathu? enikkathu manassilakunnilla!" lady nogs vijayakaramaya vaayuviloode baaranasine akramikkukayum "avide! aalukalude kathukalil edapedunnathil enthaanu varunnathennu ningalkk manassilakum! ningal ente kathu apakeerthikaramaayi vaayich keeriyillengil, ammavanu poodilsinekkurichu ariyamaayirunnu. ippol avan illa!" "aval zee poodles shave cheythu-zee brinsasinte poodles!"baaranas pulvermature kooduthal choodil karanju, valath vashathe aadyatheyum madhyathileyum viralukal kondu idathukaiyyile kaippathi raap cheythukondu avalude thala shakthiyodum vegathayodum koodi thala kulukki avalude ardham kooduthal vyakthamaakkunnu. pradhaanamantri avale kooduthal ambarappode nokki paranju, "pakshe ningal poodles shave cheiyunnu." "pakshe aval zee toob-nodes zee ruffs shave cheythu. sarr ees nottu voonn 'eyar! illa, vonella!" pradhaanamantri thaadi urappichu pidichu athu muruke pidichu. "pinne ellaavarum thalayaatti!"aaa valyamma thudarnnu. "aval vellachaattathil wilhelmina valicherinju! aval avalude vasthrathil mashi ittirunnu!" "athoru dushtakathayaanu! randum dushtakathakalaanu!"valiathum neethiyukthavumaaya roshathode aaa sthree karanju. "viddiyaaya kochu penkutty randum svayam cheythu!" "kooduthal-kooduthal", bhayathinteyum niraashayudeyum avasana svarangalil aval aaa baaranas karanju, aval seey brinsus wilhelmina oru cheenja leadle penkutty ennu vilichirunnu!" "orupakshe, lady felicia eee rasakaramaaya sambhavangalekkurichu avalkk vivarikkukayaanenkil, enthaanu sambhavichathenn kooduthal krithyamaaya oru ashayam roopappeduthaan namukk kazhiyanam", shree. paranju. borodyl, avalude vikaarathinte akramam baronessine kadannupokunna nishabdathayilekku churukkiyenna vastutha muthaledutthu. "theerchayaayum, poodilsinekkurichallaathe, athu ente thettayirunnilla. sarikkum avaa athra anyamaayi thonniyilla ", aaa sthree mandabudhiyaayi, parakke, ennaal athra thelicham illaathavalaayi paranju. "wilhelmina rajakumari vellathil lillie shekharikkukayaayirunnu, aval thanne kulatthil veenu. arcum pattum. njaan avalil mashi ittilla. aval svayam mashichu. aval meshappurathu karutha paattenukal maathramaan nirmmichathu. meshappurathe vasthram chuvappayirunnu." "prashamsaneeyamaaya oru kaaranam", shree. paranju. borodyl. "ennaal eee nirbhagyam ningalude cheria sahathaarathin sambhavichappol ningal sannihithanaayirunnu ennu karuthunnath thettaano?" "kalikkaaran!"ananthamaaya nindayode aaa sthree karanju. "ningal avalude kalii kandirikkanam! avalkk ariyillaayirunnu engane ennu!" "ennaal eee nirbhagyam avalkk sambhavichappol ningal avide undaayirunno?"shree. paranju. borodyl, thante abhipraayathil urachunilkkunnu. "athe, theerchayaayum njaan avide undaayirunnu. njaan mattevideyaayirikkanam?"sthree paranju. "pakshe njaan avalil mashi ittilla. aval svayam mashichu. njaan avale kulathilekku erinjilla. aval akathekku veenu. njaan cheythuvennu parayunnath oru dushtakathayaanu." "pinne poodilukalekkuricho?"shree. paranju. borodyl, anweshanam pinthudarunnu. "aaa budhiyulla jeevikalkk enthaanu sambhavichathu?" aaa sthreeyude mukham thelinju, aval punchirichu, oraal santhoshakaravum rasakaravumaaya oru sambhavam oormmippikkunnu. "sharee, avar valare thamashayaayi thonni", avar sammathichu. "pakshe avar enganeyaayirikkumennu enikku engane ariyaam? aaa aadambarangalum saadhanangalum illaathe avar kooduthal mikachavaraayirikkumennu aarenkilum karuthiyirikkaam; athinaal njangal avaa clip cheythu. pakshe avar cheythilla, viddithangal! avar valare thamashayaayi kaanapettu."aval veendum thante manassile sveekaaryamaaya chithram kandu chirichu. "seyy, seyy brinsinteyum seyy brinsinteyum anukoolikalaanu. seer ees nottu voonn eyar leave!"thante vilaapathinte bharam kanneerodeyum hridayabhedakavumaaya gambheerathayode orikkalkkoodi ettedukkikkondu aaa baaranas paranju. emm. borodyl pettennu valarthumrigangalude oru chithram kaanukayum avan soumyamaayi chirikkukayum cheythu. pradhaanamantri baaranas pulvermature muthal lady nags vareyum lady nags muthal baaranas pulvermature vareyum ettavum asanthushtamaaya vaayuviloode nokki. "pinne enthaanu sambhavichathu?"shree. paranju. borodyl. "ooo, appol-appol rajakumarikku valare deshyamaayi", aaa sthree paranju. "athu ente thettaanenn thonnunnu. poodles ellaayidathum kshouram cheyyumbol avaa ithra rasakaramaanennu enikku engane manassilayi? aval ennodu pookaan paranju, enne adikkaan shramichu. enikku valare deshyavum thonni. njaan kurachu parushanaayirunnu ennu njaan karuthunnu. pakshe enne adikkaan sramikkunnathil avalkk oru kaaryavumilla." "aval ahankaariyaanu! ooo, ahankaaram!"aaa valyamma karanju. aval oru vaayu kondu kaikal chalippichu. aaa sthree aaa baaranasine angeyattam avahelathode nokki, avalude swaasammuttalil pirupirutthu "olichodi!" "ningal parushanaayirunnu?"shree. paranju. borodyl. "njaan paranjatheyulloo, avar apamanakaravum pannikaleppole bhakshikkunnavarumayathinaal enikku ivideninnu varaan santhoshamundu. avar-ammaavane, avar ente oru kathu ninakk vaayichu; pinne aval athu keeri. avar pannikaleppole bhakshikkunnu ", sthree urakke paranju. "priyane, priyane! ithu valare maduppikkunnathaanu!"pradhaanamantri paranju. "felicia, ninte muthirnnavare vilikkaruthenn njaan ethra thavana ninnodu parayum-pakshe, ninnodu samsaarikkunnath upayogashoonyamaanu. baaranas pulvermature, ningal ennodoppam vannal, namukk vishayam charcha cheyyaam, orupakshe, thadassamillaathe, enthaanu sambhavichathenn enikku enthengilum padikkaan kazhiyum." athode avanum baranus kottayilekku pooyi. avar aprathyakshamaayappol, pultthakidiyile theyila meshaykkaayi lady nogs oru theneecha vara undaakki, shree. borodyl. jarmman raajakudumbathil lady nogs cheluthiya swaadheenathekkurichulla addehathinte jijnjasa oru tharatthilum samichittilla. sthree nugs kurachu uthsaahathode nerttha appatthilum vennayilum veenu; addeham paranju, "ningalkk vishakkunnundennu thonnunnu." "enikku vishakkunnu", aaa sthree paranju. "enikku aaa kottaaratthil bhakshanam kazhikkaan kazhinjilla. ningalkk oru niranja dwaarathil bhakshanam kazhikkaan kazhiyilla, ningalkariyaamo, bhakshanam nallathaanengilum. pinne athu nadannilla. athu jarmman aayirunnirikkanam ennu njaan karuthunnu. ithinu orikkalum shudhamaaya ruchiyundaayirunnilla; athu ellaayppozhum kattiyulla ruchiyum ennamayavumaayirunnu." emm. borodyl avale kekkum paalum cream kondu pothinju; aval vishapp thripthippeduthiyappol aval kaserayil irunnu paranju "thirichethiyathil enikku santhoshamundu. athu ethra krooramaayirunnuvennu ningalkk oru daaranayumilla, billie-ellaayppozhum oraalude ettavum mikacha perumaattam." "ningal ettavum nalla perumaattakkaaranaano?"shree. paranju. borodyl. "athe; valia budhimuttu sahikkilla." aaa sthree thante kaserayil valare nereyirunnu kadutha samshayathode avane nokki. "ningal enthaanu uddeshikkunnathu?"aval paranju. "ente ettavum mikacha perumaattam valare nalla perumattamaanu." "ooo, athe, theerchayaayum-athe, athe", shree. paranju. borodyl thidukkathil. "gambheeram! gambheeram!" lady nags eluppamulla oru bhaavathilekku thirichuvarikayum frederic dhii grettu muthal catford vare varshangalayi vanna aachara paarambaryathekkurichu kadutha nindyamaaya vivaranathilekku veezhukayum cheythu. kurekkoodi chodyangal kondu, misttar. miningen-shwarinte kudumbatthil moonnu divasam thaamasicha sambhavangalekkurichulla avyakthavum bhinnavumaaya oru vivaranam borodyl avalil ninnu ulkkollichu. ellaavarkkum thonniyathupole, eee katha oru vinodamaayi addeham kandethi, kaaranam addehathinte mukham muzhuvan punchirikalaal niranju; addeham niravadhi thavana soumyamaayi chirichu. athinte avasaanam aaa sthree nags alppam uthkandayode paranju, "njaan prathyekichu moshamaayi onnum cheythathayi enikku thonnunnilla, alle, billie? theerchayaayum, aaa poodles valare rasakaramaayirunnu, pakshe njaan avare sarikkum vedanippichilla, ningalkariyaamo." "illa", shree. paranju. borodyl, thante ettavum judicial eyar. "ningal valare moshamaayi onnum cheythathayi njaan karutunnilla. athra shaanthamaaya oru cheria kulatthil veezhaanulla oru valia kallayirunnu ningal ennathumaathramaayirunnu kaaryam." aaa sthree avane gauravamaayi nokki, avante vaakkukal thookki; pinne aval paranju, "athu atharathilulla onnaanu. billie, enikku ninne eshtappedunnathu, ninakk karyangal manassilaakunnu ennathaanu. pinne, enikku orikkalum avide pookaan aagrahamundayirunnilla."aval nirtthi veendum chinthichu; thudarnnu aval angeyattam chinthayode paranju" njaan karuthunnu-mrugangale pooyi nokkumennu njaan karuthunnu. aaa bheeruvaaya vrudhayaaya baaranasil ninnu ammavan nerittu vannal, avanu kaaryangalekkurichu valare thettaaya dhaarana undaakum, ningalkariyille?" "athu nannaayirikkumenn njaan karuthunnu", shree. paranju. borodyl; sthree thante valarthumrigangale nokkaan stabilukalude dishayilekku nadannu. emm. borodyl nisshabdanaayi irunnu, mattoru sigaratt kathichu. adutha irupathinaalu manikorinullil miss kaaldekkottinte thirichuvaravinaayi thiranjathinaal addeham randuthavana angeyattam samthrupthiyode punchirichu. thaan pukavalichirunna sigaratt addeham theerkkukayum mattoru kaarinte paathiyiloode pookukayum cheythappol vandi kottayude praveshana kavaadathilekku vannu; pradhaanamantri baaranas pulvermakere athil kayatti, avale kondupoyappol thidukkathil pultthakidiyiloode thante aduthekku vannu. aduthethiyappol, shree. thante saadhaarana vaayuvil ennathekkaalum vishamam anubhavappedunnundenn borodyl kandu. avan oru kaserayil mungi karanju, "felicia njettikkunna reethiyil perumaarunnu-veruppulavaakkunna reethiyil!" "athonnum venda", shree. paranju. borodyl nishabdamaayi. "engane-enthaa? pakshe avalkk undu ", pradhaanamantri paranju. "aval thamaashakkaariyaanennu mathramalla, kriyaathmakamaayi nishkalankayumaayirunnu. aval wilhelmina rajakumari oru kulathilekku erinju; aval mashi kondu avale thalikkukayum, ettavum vedanaajanakamaaya reethiyil mudi valichedukkukayum cheythu. koodaathe, aval ettavum ahankaariyaayirunnu, baroness pulvermakerode mathramalla, rajakumaranodum rajakumariyodum thanne." "baaranas pulvermature avalude aathmaavine bhaaramukthayaakkiyathaayi thonnunnu", shree. paranju. borodyl. "athe, aval eee vishayathil valare thurannuparayukayum thurannuparayukayum cheythittundu." "sharee, ente bhaagathuninnu", shree. paranju. borodyl, "avalude thuranna manassilulla thuranna manassinu njaan valia praadhaanyam nalkunnilla. enthaanu sambhavichathennathinekkurur lady feliciayude pathippaanu enikku kooduthal ishtam. aval sathyam parayunnundennu njangalkariyam; sathyam parayunnath oru jarmman sheelamaanenn vishwasikkaan njangalkk oru kaaranavumilla. wilhelmina raajakumaariyude bhagyam aaa sthree felicianu ennathil enikku valare cheria samshayamundu; pakshe aaa kuttiyude bhagyavashaal thalayil avare konduvarunnathil aval sajeeva ejantaayirunnillennu enikku urappund. aval avale kulathilekku erinjilla. athil valarunna vellathil ninnulla lillie parichedukkaan aval avalodu nirddeshichu. phalam praayogikamaayi onnuthanneyayirikkumennu njaan sammathikkunnu; ennaal oru vyakthiye kulathilekku eriyunnathum vellathil pothinja lillie valicheriyunnathum thammil valia vyathyaasamund. veendum, aval ennodu paranju, njaan avale vishwasikkunnu, aval thante cheria kalikkaaran mail mashi erinjittillennu. oru karutha paatten oru saadhaarana chuvanna meshappurathinte valia mechappeduthalaanennu aval avalodu nirddeshichu. koodaathe cheytha mashi muzhuvan wilhelmina rajakumari svayam cheythu. poodilsinte kaaryatthil aval kuttam sammathichu. ennaal, ellaathinumupari, aval naaykkale upadravichilla. poodles, klipparukal, kulangal, mashi enniva upayogichu aalukal kuttikale thanichaakkukayaanenkil, avarkk atharam phalangal maathrame pratheekshikkan kazhiyoo. thangalude sthree felicia nishabdayaakkanamennu avar asraanthamaaya uthsaahathode nirbandhichu; avar thangalkk valare shakthayaanenn theliyichuvennu avarkk svayam kuttappedutthaam. ningal nirddeshichathupole miss caldecot avalodoppam pooyirunnengil, eee prasnangalonnum undakumaayirunnilla." misttar. borodyl karyangal nereyaakki, pradhaanamanthriyude mukham pathukke thelinju. "ningal ennodu parayunnath eee bandhatthil valare vyathyasthamaaya oru bhavam srishtikkunnu", addeham paranju. "pakshe aval rajakumaranodum rajakumariyodum ithrayadhikam ahankaaram kaanikkaruthennaanu njaan aagrahikkunnath. " "ithu prakopanamillaathe nadannathaayi thonnunnilla", shree. paranju. borodyl. "prathyakshatthil, poricha poodles kandu rajakumarikku kopam nashtappedukayum feliciayude chevikal polikkaan sramikkukayum cheythu." "sharee", pradhaanamantri paranju, "miss caldecot ethrayum vegam thirichethunnuvo athra nallath. avalude vilasam undo? avalkk udan thirichuvaraan kazhiyumennu njaan prathekshikkunnu." "aval thante asaadhyamaaya ammavan, thekke american kodeeswaranodoppam thaamasikkunnathinal, rakshappedaan oru ozhikazhivu avalkk santhoshakaramaanennu njaan karuthunnu. "aahu, athe; beresford caldecot. bhayankara manushyan!"pradhaanamantri paranju. "ningal avale udan bandhappedunnathaanu nallath. kaalathamasam varutharuthu. athinidayil, aval varunnath vare, njaan felicia thanne nireekshikkum."thante adikaaraparidhikkullil eee chumatala sathyasandhamaayi vishwasichathupole addeham ithu ellah gauravathodeyum paranju. thanikk niyantrikkaan kazhiyaatha punchiriyil ninnu shradha tirikkaan, misttar. borodyl thidukkathil ezhunnettu paranju "njaan udan thanne vayar cheyyaam."avan thidukkathil veettilekku pooyi. pradhaanamantri kaserayil kuninj neduveerppidukayum cheythu. prakopithayum manassilakkaan kazhiyathathumaaya baaranas palvarmekkarumaayulla addehathinte abhimukham orikkal koodi aaa sthree nagsinte kaaryatthil addehathe shalyappeduthaan thante vivekapoornamaaya manassakshiye sajjamakki. orikkalkkoodi addeham oru kochu penkuttiye valarthunna tharatthilulla manushyanaano enna chodyathekkurichu chinthikkukayaayirunnu, aaa valarchayumayi thanikk sarikkum valare kurachu maathrame bandhamullu enna vasthuthayekkurichu addehathinu ariyillaayirunnu. ippol, oru ginia-panniyodoppam, aval avante aswasthamaaya dhyanangal thakarthu. aval avane abhimukeekarikkunna oru kaserayil irunnu paranju "thirichethiyathil enikku athiyaya santhoshamundu. aaa niraye kottaaratthil athu bhayankaramaayirunnu. avar varsham muzhuvanum janalakal thurannittillenn njaan karuthanam; ente kidappumuriyude janalakal thurakkunnathu thadayaan avar shramichu. enikku thanupp pidipedanamennu avar paranju. ithrayum viddithathekkurichu ningal eppozhengilum kettittundo? njaan thirichethiyathil ningalkk santhoshamille?" "athe", pradhaanamantri thante swarathil athishayokthiparamaaya ooshmalathayillaathe paranju. "pakshe, nee rajakumariyodu asooya kaanikkaruthe ennu njaan aagrahikkunnu." "sharee, avalodu moshamaayi perumaaranamenn njaan aagrahichilla. njaan orikkalum angane aakaan uddeshichirunnilla; pakshe aval enne adichappol enikku athu sahayikkaan kazhinjilla; enikku sarikkum kazhinjilla. ellaathinumupari, ente kathu vaayikkunnath apamaanakaramaayirunnu, ningalkariyaamo? valare apamaanakaramaan. avar pannikaleppole bhakshikkukayum cheythu. avar sarikkum cheythu." "ennittum, ningal avalkk oru nalla kathu ezhuthukayum ningal ahankaaram cheyyaan uddeshichirunnillenna vishadeekarikkukayum cheiyunnathaanu nallathennu njaan karuthunnu." "sharee", sthree nissamgathayode paranju. "njaan ezhuthukayum vishadeekarikkukayum cheyyum. njaan enganeyengilum bhayankaramaaya sthalathu ninnu rakshapettu." ithinidayil shree. borodyl thaazhepparayunna telegram ezhuthukayum ayaykkukayum cheythirunnu - vayaril addeham santhushtanaayirunnu, ammaavante melkkoorayil ninnu pettennu rakshappedaan miss caldecotinu valare moshamaayi aavasyamulla ozhikazhivu nalkaan athu sakthamaaya vaakkukalaanennu addehathinu urappundaayirunnu. europile ettavum moshamaaya swabhaavamulla manushyan enna chodyam cheyyappedaattha prashasthi beresford caldecot aasvadichu; oru paridhivare nirbandhapoorvamaaya kadamabodham maathramaan thante anantharavale veettilekku konduvannathu. chattam pole, aaa karthavyabodhathinu oru samayam randaazhchayil kooduthal avale athil nilanirthaan kazhinjilla. telegram ayachukondu, misttar. sahayathinaayulla thante apekshaye oru kathiloode shakthippeduthunnath nallathaanennu borodyl karuthi; addeham athu angeyattam santhoshathode ezhuthaan irunnu. oraalude manyamaaya aadaravinte lakshyathodu samsaarikkunnathinekkaal thripthikaramalla, pakshe onnumillaathathinekkaal nallathaanu athu. kathu ezhuthuka eluppamaayirunnilla, kaaranam, addeham orikkalum thante prashamsayekkurichu oru rahasyavum velippeduthiyittille, miss caldecot ellaayppozhum athu prakadippikkaanulla addehathinte sramangal ozhivaakkukayo parishodhikkukayo cheythirunnu. budhimuttulla nayatantra kathukalude vidagdhanaaya ezhuthukaaranaaya addeham ithu eshtappedunnathinu munbu naalu thavana ezhuthi. oduvil addeham athu poortthiyaakki, athu oodi - caldecot miss cheythavarkku misttar oru kathu thirayukayaayirunnu. borodyl, kavaril addehathinte kaiyaksharam kaanunnath avaliloode oru thriller ayachu. aaa trillu avale athbhuthappeduthukayum prakopippikkukayum cheythu; athu avale aswasthayaakki. digri vazhiyaan avar vannath, misttar. borodylinte avalodu ulla aadarav orikkalum marachuvechittilla, pakshe aval orikkalum athu gauravamaayi eduthirunnilla angane cheiyunnathu asambandhamaayirikkum, kaaranam addeham oru dhanikayaya bharya vivaham kazhikkumennu suhruthukkalkkidayil nannayi manassilaakkappettirunnu, aaa bhaaryayude panam addehathinte abhilaashangal vardhippikkum. thanneppolulla oru panamillaatha penkuttiyumaayulla vivaham ardhamaakkunnathu valare mikachathaayirikkumennu vaagdaanam cheytha oru kariyarinte naashamaan. thante suhruthukkalil ettavum sukhakaravum ettavum rasippikkunnathumaayi avane maathram thaan kanakkaakkunnuvenna dhaaranayilaayirunnu aval. avalude aazhathilulla vikarangal aval karuthiyathinekkaal eee vishayathil valare kooduthal aashankaakulamaayirikkaamena ettavum asukhakaramaaya munnariyippayi eee trillu vannu. kuranjathu randaazhchayenkilum kallu kuzhiyilekku madangendathillennu avar udan thanne theerumaanichu; koodaathe lady nogsinu governous sthaanam raajivaykkunnathum avar pariganikkaan thudangi. beresford caldecotinoppam randaazhcha koodi thamasikkaan aval oru santhoshathodeyum aagrahichilla. takarnna charakkuneekkatthinte thakarchayil aval thalarnnupokaathe addeham thanikkayi nirmmicha manoharamaaya kottaaratthile oru bhakshanam kadannupokunnathu apoorvamaayirunnu; koodaathe veettiloode nirantharamaaya oru daasante ghoshayaathrayundaayirunnu enna vastutha, kaaranam athinte yajamananumaayi oru tharatthilum sanbarkkam pularthiya oralum oraazhchayil kooduthal thaamasikkaathathinaal, nilanilppinte sukhasoukaryathinu onnum chertthiyilla. avante deshyam avale bhayappeduthiyilla, pakshe avarkk appozhum avare shalyappeduthunnathaayi thonni; aval orikkalum thante oru paisa thirayendathilla enna vasthuthayekkurichulla avante aavarthanathil maduppikkunna entho undaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, addehathodoppam randaazhcha chelavazhikkanulla uddeshyam aval paalichilla. emm. kaalathamasam koodaathe avale kallu paarayilekku thirike konduvaraan borodyl theerumaanichu; aaa lakshyathilekku sanjarikkaan addeham oru maargavum upekshichilla. thante kathinte falathekkurichu addehathinu alppam samshayamundaayirunnu. athinaal, taanum avalkk kathezhuthanamennu addeham pradhaanamanthriyodu nirddeshichu; aaa sthree nagssine nireekshikkuka enna bhayanakamaaya chumatala yadhaarthathil nerittappol, addehathinte hridayam parajayappettathinaal, addeham aaa nirddesham aakaamkshayode sweekarikkukayum udan thanne ezhuthukayum cheythu. addehathinte kathu athinusesham raavile miss caldecottil ethi, annu shree. borodiles vannu. avarkk pradhaanamanthriyodu valia ishtamundaayirunnu, aaa sthree nagsinekkurichulla addehathinte uthkanda orikkalum shamichillenn avarkkariyaamaayirunnu, athu ippol theevramaanennu kathil ninnu avar vyakthamaayi manassilakki. thannodu thanne kurachu tharkkangalkk sesham randaazhchathekku kallu kuzhiyil ninnu akannunilkkanulla uddeshyam aval upekshichu, annu uchathirinju thaan avide undaakumenn avar paranju. avalude ammavan avalude neratheyulla purappedalinekkurichula vaarthaye roshathode abhivaadyam cheythu pakshe randaazhchayo mattethenkilum tharatthilulla vaarthayo samanamaaya oru prakopanatthode nirddeshichuvenna vaarthaye avan abhivaadyam cheiyumaayirunnu, athu ivideyo avideyo illaayirunnu. avalkk orikkalum thannil ninnu oru paisa polum labhikkillenn orikkal koodi avalkk urappu nalkaanulla avasaram addeham paazhakkiyilla. yaathrayil, athu manassil ninnu akattinirthaanulla kadinamaaya shramangalkkidayilum, misttarine kandappol aval anubhavicha aaveshathinte oormma. borodylinte kaiyaksharam oru paridhivare pradhanavum budhimuttullathumaayirunu, aval avane kandumuttaan kaathirikkunnathuvare avalkk nervous trepidation poleyulla enthengilum undaayirunnu. misttar darshanathe aaa bheethiyundaakkunna vastutha nyayeekarikkappettu. oru stonoril motor kaarinullil avale kaathirunna borodyl thanne thante kaiyaksharam kandathinekkaal kooduthal akramasakthamaaya oru avesham avalil pakarnnu. athinusesham, avalude abhivaadyam thanutha thanuppullathaayirikkunnathum kallu paarayilekku madangiyethunnathil aval oru santhoshavum kaanikkathirikkunnathum swaabhaavikamaayirunnu. emm. borodyl avalude thanuppin oru tharatthilum andhanayirunnilla, pakshe avan thante nirasha prakadippichilla; prakopippikkunnathinulla swaabhaavikavum santhoshakaravumaaya vaidagdhyathode, aval madangiyethiyathil valareyadhikam santhoshikkunnathupole avan udan thanne samsarikkaan thudangi.

lady nogs, pierus/adhyay 7 adhyay 6 adhyay 8 Â 3 shree. borodileche vidhan, qee jevha lady nogs catford palacela gelee hotee, tevha stonorilmadhil rahivashanna shantata mhanje kaay heey kalel, heey purese kharey tharale. pann jevha tyanna too aashirvad milel tevha tyanna too laabh milel yaa tyachya sanshayacha aadharhi qamee navhata. konatyahi divasabharat, tyaa mahila tyanchyabarobar hotya, pann thoda vel, tarihi tyaa alpakalacha urvarit chovis tasanvar ujjwal prabhav padala hota; tee jawal hotee aanee kadachit sakriy hotee, kahee pramanat saumya paddhatine sakriy hotee yaa shashvat bhavnene tyanchya jeevanat romanchak anishchitatecha masala jodala hota aanee aata tee nighun gelyane teey khoop nistej jhaale. shree. chya babatit. lady nogschya anupasthitimule miss caldecotchya anupasthitimule aalshipana hazar patinni vadhala hota; aanee too catfordchya itar konatyahi batmyanpeksha khoop jaast utsukatene vaat pahat hota. matra, keval tyalach ashee khatri hotee qee hii batami ashee asel qee tee mahila aswasth tharali aahe. chauthya divashi dupari teey pantpradhanansobat launwar chahachya thikani basale aanee tyaa doghannahi teey jevan, lady nogs aanee miss caldecott yanchya upasthitimule anadar jhalele, kahise nirashajanak prakaran vatat hote. teey divasbhar ekatra hote, bahutansh vel kathor parishram karat asat aanee tyanni nakalatpane tyanche kaam mage thevanyacha sankalp keela hota. durdaivane, yaa sankalpamule tyanna bolanyasathi kahich midale nahee; aanee teey eka nistej shantata thevun cigaret odhat basale. eka gadichi kinchal usalali aanee tyanni kharokharach utsukatene, jyaa thikani zudape sampatat tyaa dishene dolhe firavale aanee gaadee launchya kathavar naan pahata dhavat gelee. sadhya gaadee najares padali aanee tee eka ramshakel, asha prakarchi lakudyukt mashee asalyache siddha jhaale jee grameen railway sthankabhovati bebhanpane vaat pahat asate. tyache chhappar sutinni bharalele hote aanee tyanna pahoon sparshayukt hasyache smit shree. borodilecha chehara. pantpradhananchya dolhyanni tyaa chendunvar purnapane done minite vishranti ghetali, teey aashcharyachakit karananya vedanechya aavajat mhanale, "nakkich tyaa feliciachya chendun aahet!" "teey kharokhar aahet", shree. mhanale. borodile; aanee tyacha swar konatyahi aashcharyakarak khuna pasoon mukt hota, joou qamee ullekhaneey hota, tyala kahich vatale nahee heey pahoon. "priy, priy! heey khoop kantalvane aahe!", asey pantpradhan mhanale. "rajkanya teela parat pathavali asavi. kaay ghadu shakale asate?"aanee too ghaighaine uthala. "anandi khrishchan mulache sunder marg ghadale aahet, agadi spasht", shree. kinchalale. borodile. pantpradhan killyachya dishene vegane chaalat gele, tyanantar shree. borodile, aanee mashine lady nogs aanee eka adviteey kurkurit chehnyachi eka mothee, goal mahila vikharali, tyach velee tee tyachya praveshdvaravar pohochali. lady nogs yanni shantata aanee swa-malakiche jawaljawal aadarsh chitra sadar kele kaaran tine hasana samadhanane parichit drushyakade pahile. pantpradhanankade heey pahanyasathi vel hota qee mothee, goal stree raktane zokoon dett hotee aanee jawaljawal sterters hotee, tee itka shwas ghet hotee qee tichi bhachi tyala tyaa atee snehbhavane mitheet ghet hotee, joou kvachitach strichya antahkaranatil aparadhi chetanecha parinam nasato. pantpradhananni spashtapane paripoorn paddhatine tiche alingan kele aanee chintechya asvasthatechya aavajat mhatale, "tumhi parat qaa aala aahat? yacha arth kaay?" mahila nagsane, aaksheparh aavajat, "mea parat yenyas sangitale nahee. rajkanya pathavate-" "mea baroness pulvermatcher aahe", mothya, goal strimadhye tapalelya tivratene tutali. "aanee yacha arth kaay aahe teey samajoon ghya! anachar karnara mulga! wonn leadle kroor! tine pratyek havechya zekchya zekanchya poodles mundan kelya! zaare heey haveche nahee! nahee, havah nahee!" pantpradhananni tyaa mothya, karkash strikade purnapane aashcharyane pahile. yaa gambhir aanee garmagaram spashtikaranatil eka shabdahi tyala samajala nahee. pann tyala thodishi jaaniv hotee qee tyachya bhachine swatahla asha prakare vegale kele aahe, jyachyashi, asey karanyachi pratyek sandhee midalyanantar, tyala kadhihi savay jhaali navhati; aanee too mhanala, "priy, priy! heey khoop kantalvane aahe! kaay jhaale? mallah samjat nahee!" lady nogsney eka vijayi havene baronessla chaloo kele aanee oradale, "tithe! lokanchya patranmadhye hastakshep kelyane kaay hote teey tumhi pahata! jarr tumhi majhe patra anadarane vachale nasate aanee teey fadale nasate, tarr kakanna pudalbaddal mahitee jhaali asatee. aata too nahee!" "tine mundan kelele zed poodles-zed poodles auph zed brinzes!"baroness pulvermacker aanakhi ushmabhar rudley, jyamule tichya davya hatachya talhatala ujavya hatachya pahilya aanee madhalya botanni rapp karoon aanee jorane aanee vegane doke halavoon ticha arth spasht jhaala. pantpradhananni tichyakade aanakhi aashcharyane pahile aanee mhatale, "pann tumhi mundan karata." "pann tine zeb-nodes aanee zeb ruffs mundan kele. zaare heey havah nahee! nahee, wonn nahee!" pantpradhananni aapali dadhi ghatt pakadali aanee tee dharoon thewali. "aanee sagalyanni maan dolavali!"baroness pudhe gelee. "tine vilhelminala zed talavat fekale! tine tichya poshakhavar shaee ghatali!" "tee eka dusht katha aahe! donhi dusht katha aahet!"prachand aanee nyayya ragane tee mahila kinchalila lagali. "moorkh lahan muleene donhi swatah kele!" "voncey morr-voncey morr", tee oradali aanee baroness, bheeti aanee nirashechya shevatchya uchcharat, tine zena brinzes vilhelminala eka najuk suee asaleli mulgi mhatale!" "kadachit, jarr lady feliciane yaa manoranjak ghatananchi tichi aavrutti dilee, tarr kaay ghadale aahe yachee aapan adhik achook kalpana tayar karnyas saksham asale pahije", shree. mhanale. borodilene, tichya bhavananchya hinsacharamule baroness eka paar karananya shantateparyant qamee jhaali yaa vastusthiticha fayda ghet. "arthat, poodles baddal vagalata, tyat majha dosh navhata. aanee kharokhar teey itake parke disat navhate ", tee mahila bhakkam pann kvachitach spasht disate. "rajkumari wilhelmina paanee-lilly gola karat hotee aanee tee swatach talavat padali. konihi karoo shakel. aanee mea tichyavar shaee ghatali nahee. tine swatahlach angat ghetale. tee table-kapadyavar fakt kaale namune banavat hotee. tablavaril kapade laal hote." "eka prashansaneey kaaran", shree. mhanale. borodile. "pann jevha tumchya chhotya kheladubaddal heey durdaiv ghadale tevha tumhi tithe upasthit hota asey mananyat mea chukiche aahe qaa?" "khelacha khel!"tee mahila anant tiraskarane oradali. "tumhi ticha khel pahila pahije hota! teela kase teey maheet navhate!" "pann jevha heey durdaiv teela bhogave lagale tevha tumhi tithe upasthit hota qaa?"shree. mhanale. borodile, tyachya muddyache palan karat aahe. "hoow, mea tithe hoto. mea aanakhi kuthe asayala havey?"tee baee mhanali. "pann mea tichyavar shaee ghatali nahee. tine swatahlach angat ghetale. aanee mea teela talavat fekale nahee. tee aat padali. mea kele asey mhanane hii eka dusht katha aahe." "aanee podalbaddal?"shree. mhanale. borodile, chaukashicha pathpurava karat aahe. "tyaa buddhiman pranyanche kaay jhaale?" tyaa nags mahilecha chehara swachchh jhaala aanee tee husley, jevha eka manasvi aanee manoranjak ghatana lakshat aalee. "baram, teey jaraa majedar disat hote", tine kabool kele. "pann teey kase disatil heey mallah kase kalel? tyaa serve chapal aanee vastunshivay teey adhik changle disale asate asey konala vatale asate; aanee mhanoon aamhi tyanna kapale. pann tyanni tase kele nahee, moorkh goshti! teey khoop majedar disat hote."aanee tichya manatale manasvi chitra pahoon tee punha husley. "aanee zaay heey zes brins aanee brincessche favourits aahet. aata havah nahee!"baroness mhanali, punha ekada tichya vilapacha bhaar ashrudhurachya aanee hrudaydravak gambhiryane uchalat. shree. borodilene achanak kujalelya paliv pranyanche chitra pahile aanee too halooch hasala. pantpradhananni baroness pulvermaturepasoon lady nogsparyant aanee lady nogspasoon baroness pulvermatureparyant, sarvat dukkhi havene pahile. "mug kaay jhaale?"shree. mhanale. borodile. "arey, mug-tevha rajkumari khoop ragavali hotee", tee mahila nogs mhanali. "janoo tee majhi chook hotee. jevha tyaa mundan kelya jaat asat tevha tyaa poodles itakya majedar disatil heey mallah kase kalale? aanee tine mallah jaanyas sangitale aanee mallah marnyacha prayatna keela. aanee mallah khoop raag aala. aanee mallah vatate qee mea thodi asabhy hote. pann mallah marnyacha prayatna karane teela parvadanar nahee." "tee uddhat aahe! arey, uddhat!"tee ranee radat hotee. aanee tine havene aapale haat halavale. tyaa mahila nagsane tyaa ranikade agadi tiraskarane pahile aanee tichya shwasakhali kurkur keleeh "lapoon raaha!" "tuu asabhy hotas qaa?"shree. mhanale. borodile. "mea fakt aevadhech mhatale qee mallah baher yeuun anand hott aahe, kaaran teey apmanaspad lock hote aanee dukransarkhe khatat. aanee teey aahet-kaka, tyanni tumhala majhe patra vachale; aanee mug tine teey fadale. aanee teey dukransarkhe khatat ", tee mahila thampane mhanali. "priy, priy! heey khoop kantalvane aahe!", asey pantpradhan mhanale. "felicia, mea kitee vela tula sangen qee tuzya vadildhanyanna bolavu nakos-pann tithe tujhyashi bolane vyarth aahe. jarr tumhi majhyabarobar aalat, baroness pulvermatcher, tarr aamhi yaa vishayavar charcha karoo shakato aanee kadachit, akhanditpane, jeey ghadale aahe tyabaddal mallah kahitari shikata yeil." tyasah, too aanee ranee killyat gele. teey gayab hott asatana, lady nogsony launveryl chahachya tablasathi madhmashyanchi eka rang tayar kelee, jyala shree. upasthit hote. borodile. lady nogschya german rajgharanyavar honanya parinamanvishayichi tyanchi utsukata kadhihi shant jhaali nahee. tee mahila kahishi bhopalyasarkhi disat asatana tyaa patal bhakarivar aanee lonivar padali aanee tee mhanali, "tula bhook lagali aahe asey disate aahe." "mallah bhook lagali aahe", tee mahila mhanali. "mallah tyaa rajvadyat khane shakya navhate. tumhi bharalelya chhidrat khau shakat nahee, tumhala maheet aahe, ann changle asale tarihi nahee. aanee tase navhate. mallah vatate qee teey german asave. tyachi chav kadhich swachchh navhati; tee nehmich ghatt chavdar aanee chikat hotee." shree. borodilene teela keek, dudh aanee malai dilee aanee jevha tine tichi bhook bhagavali tevha tee tichya khurchivar parat basali aanee mhanalih "mallah parat yeuun anand jhaala aahe. biilii, heey kitee kroor hote yachee tumhala kalpana nahee-nehmi aekhadyache sarvottam vartan." "tuu sarvottam vagtos qaa?"shree. mhanale. borodile. "hoy; tyamule farsa taana yenar nahee." tee mahila tichya khurchivar agadi saral basali aanee tyachyakade atyant sanshayane pahili. "kaay mhanatay?"tee mhanali. "majhe sarvottam vartan mhanje khoop changle vartan." "arey, hoow, nakkich-hoow, hoow", shree. mhanale. borodile ghaeet. "utkrusht! utkrusht!" lady nogs punha eka sopya sthiteet budali aanee fredrick daad gretpasoon catfordparyantchya varshanuvarshe khalee aalelya shishtachar paramparechya katu tiraskarpurn vruttantat budali. haloohaloo, anek prashnanni, shree. borodilene tichyakadun mainingen-schwerinchya gharat tichya teen divasanchya vastavyachya ghatananche eka spasht aanee visangat varnan kadhale. sarvanna vatat hote qee, tyala hii katha manoranjak vatali, kaaran tyacha chehara sampoorn hasyane bharoon gela hota; aanee too anek vela haluvarpane hasala. shevati tee mahila nogs thodi kaljine mhanali, "mallah vatat nahee qee mea kahee vishesh white kele aahe, biilii? arthat, teey poodles khoop majedar disat hote, pann mea tyanna kharokhar dukhavale nahee, tumhala mahitee aahe." "nahee", shree. mhanale. borodile, tyachya sarvat nyayvishayak havamanashi. "tuu phaar white kahee keles asey mallah vatat nahee. fakt ekach gosht hotee, qee itakya shant chhotya talavat padnyasathi tumhi khoop mothe dagad hota." tyaa mahila nogsney tyachyakade gambhiryane pahile, tyachya shabdanche vajan kele; mug tee mhanali, "heey asech kahitari hote. biilii, mallah tujhyabaddal jeey aavadate teey mhanje tula goshti samajatat. aanee shevati mallah tithe jayache navhate."tee thambali aanee punha vichar karat rahili; mug tee atyant vicharpurvak mhanalih" mallah vatate-mallah vatate qee tee jaaun pranyankade pahel. jarr kaka tyaa bhayanak mhatanya vetyekadoon thet aale, tarr tyala goshtinchi khoop chukichi kalpana asel, tumhala maheet nahee qaa?" "mallah vatate qee teey theek hoil", shree. mhanale. borodile; aanee tee mahila tichya paliv pranyanna pahanyasathi tabelyanchya dishene chaalat gelee. shree. borodile shant basala aanee tyane dusari cigaret petavali. donada too atyant samadhanipane hasala, kaaran too pudhchya chovis tasant miss caldecotche punragman shodhat hota. tyane cigaret odhane sampavale hote aanee gaadee dusyachya ardhya margavar hotee, jevha gaadee killyachya praveshdwarakade aalee; pantpradhananni tyat baroness pulvermaturela thewale aanee jevha tee door gelee tevha ghaighaine launmadhun tyachya dishene aala. too jawal yet asatana, shree. borodilene pahile qee tyachi nehmichi dhund havah purvipeksha jaast dhundit hotee. too eka khurchivar budun oradala, "felicia dhakkadayakpane vagat aahe-ghrunaspad!" "jaraa pann nahee", shree. mhanale. borodile shantpane. "kase-kaay? pann tine kele aahe, asey pantpradhan mhanale. "tee keval dushtach nahee tarr sakaratmakpane uddhatahi rahili aahe. tine rajkumari vilhelminala talavat fekale; tine tichyavar shaicha shimpadav keela; aanee tine tiche cases atyant vednadayak paddhatine odhale. yashivay, tee keval baroness pulvermaturesathich navhe tarr swatah rajkumar aanee rajkumarisathi sarvat uddhat hotee." "baroness pulvermakerne tichya aatmyavarche oze modoon kadhale aahe asey disate", shree. mhanale. borodile. "hoy, tee yaa prakaranat agadi mokalepanane aanee khulya paddhatine bolali aahe." "baram, majhya bajoone", shree. mhanale. borodile, "mea tichya khulyapanavar jaast bharr dett nahee. jeey ghadale tyachi lady feliciachi aavrutti mallah aavadate. aamhala maheet aahe qee tee satya bolate aanee satya sangane hii german savay aahe yavar vishvas thevanyache aamchyakade konatehi kaaran nahee. rajkumari vilhelminachya durdaivasathi tee mahila felicia jababdar aahe yaat mallah phaar qamee shanka aahe; parantu mallah khatri aahe qee tyaa mulachya durdaivi dokyavar tyanna aananyat tee sakriy agent navhati. tine teela talavat takale nahee. tyat vadhalelya lilichya paniala todanyachi soochana tine teela kelee. mea kabool karato qee parinam vyavharikdrushtya samaan asel; parantu ekhadya vyaktila talavat takane aanee paanee-lilly todanyacha sallah dene yaat motha farak aahe. punha, tine mallah sangitale aanee mallah vishvas aahe qee tine tichya chhotya kheladubaddal shaee fekali nahee. tine teela fakt suchavale qee kalya rangacha namuna mhanje sadhya laal table-kapadyat mothee sudharana hoil. aanee jeey serve shaee kelee gelee tee rajkumari wilhelmina hiney swatah kelee. puddleschya babatit tine dosh kabool keela. pann shevati tine kutryanna dukhavale nahee. aanee jarr lock mulanna poodles, aanee clipper, talav aanee shaee gheuun ekte sodatil, tarr teey fakt asha parinamanchi apeksha karoo shakatat. tyanni athak tapashcharya karoon, tyanchya mahila feliciala nirdhok thevanyacha aagrah dharala; aanee tee tyanchyasathi khoop majboot tharali yasathi teey fakt swatahlach dosh deu shakatat. tumhi suchavalyapramane miss caldecott tichyabarobar gelee asatee tarr hii konatihi adchan aalee nasati." shree. mhanoon. borodilene goshti saral kelya, pantpradhanancha chehara haloohaloo saaf jhaala. "tumhi mallah jeey sangata teey yaa prakarnavar khoop vegala rung aanate", too mhanala. "pann tee rajkumar aanee rajkumarila itaki uddhat vaganuk dett nasati ashee majhi ichcha aahe. " "heey kvachitach vinautsahi jhaale asave asey disate", shree. mhanale. borodile. "varvar pahata, rajkumarine shijalele poodles pahoon aapala raag sodala aanee feliciachya kananna bolee ghalanyacha prayatna keela." "theek aahe", pantpradhan mhanale, "miss caldecott jitkya lavkar parat yeil titke changle. tumcha ticha patta aahe qaa? mallah aasha aahe qee tee lagech parat yeu shakel." "tee tichya tyaa ashakya kaka, dakshin american karodpatisobat rahat asalyane, mallah vatate qee teela paloon jaanyachya bahanyane anand hoil. "aah, hoy; beresford caldecott. eka bhayankar vyakti!", asey pantpradhan mhanale. "tumhi teela lagech phone karoon sangane changle. vilamb karoo nakaa. darmyan, tee yeiparyant mea swatah lady feliciavar najar thevin."tyane heey serve gambhiratene sangitale, janoo too pramanikpane tyachya samarthyachya maryadet asalelya karyavar vishvas thevato. tyala rokhata naan aalelya hasanyapasun laksh vichalit karnyasathi, shree. borodile ghaighaine uthala aanee mhanalah "mea lagech taar lavto."aanee too vegane gharee gela. pantpradhan aaplya khurchivar mage jhukale aanee dirgh shwas ghetala. santapt aanee durbodh baroness pulvermaturela dilelya tyachya mulakhatine punha ekada tyacha vivekpurn vivek tyala mahila nagsachya babatit naraj karnyasathi kaam karnyas tayar keela. too punha ekada yaa prashnavar vichar karat hota, qee too kharokharach lahan muliche sangopan karnara manus aahe qaa, jyacha tyaa sangopanashi kharokharach phaar qamee sambandh aahe yaa vastusthitichi tyala farshi mahitee navhati. sadhya, eka giinii-dukkar gheuun, tine tyachya aswasth dhyandharanecha marg mokala keela. tee tyachya samoril khurchivar basali aanee mhanalih "mallah parat yeuun khoop anand jhaala aahe. tyaa bharalelya rajvadyat teey bhayanak hote. mallah asey vatate qee tyanni varshbhar khidakya ughadalya naheet aanee tyanni mallah majhya shayankakshachi khidaki ughadanyas rokhanyacha prayatna keela. teey mhanale qee mallah sardi viola havee. tumhi kadhee itakya murkhpanachya goshtibaddal aikale aahe qaa? mea parat aalo yacha tumhala anand nahee qaa?" "hoy", pantpradhan aaplya aavajat atishayokti naan karata, swagatasathi mhanale. "pann majhi ichcha aahe qee tuu rajkumarila uddhat vagavale nastes." "baram, mallah tichyashi uddhatpane vagayache navhate. mallah kadhich tase vhayache navhate; pann jevha tine mallah marle, tevha mea madat karoo shakalo nahee; mea kharokhar karoo shakalo nahee. aanee shevati majhe patra vachane apmanaspad hote, tumhala maheet aahe. atishay apmanaspad. aanee teey dukransarkhe khaat asat. tyanni kharokharach kele." "tarihi, mallah vatate qee tumhi teela eka chhan patra lihoon samajavun sangal qee tumhala uddhatpana karayacha navhata." "theek aahe", tee mahila agadi udasinatene mhanali. "mea liheen aanee samajavun sangen. mea kasabsa tyaa bhayanak thikanapasun door gelo aahe." darmyan, shree. borodilene khaleel taar lihili aanee pathavali hotih - tyala tyaa tarane anand jhaala aanee teela khatri hotee qee tee miss caldecotla tichya kakanchya chhatavarun lagech sutanyasathi teela itake whitepane aavashyak asalele kaaran denyasathi pureshi jordar shabdavali gelee hotee. beresford caldecotla europemadhil sarvat white svabhavacha manus mhanoon binvirodh pratishtha labhali; aanee keval kahee pramanat kartvyanishth bhavnene tyachya bhachila tyachya gharee aanale. niyamanusar, kartvyabodh teela eka velee pandharvadyapeksha jaast kaal tyat thevu shakat navhata. taar pathavalyanantar, shree. borodilene madatisathichi tyachi vinanti patradvare balkat karane changle vatale aanee too atyant anandane teey lihinyasathi basala. aekhadyachya aadaryukt prashansechya uddeshashi bolanyapeksha lihine qamee samadhankarak aahe, parantu teey kahich nasanyapeksha changle aahe. heey patra lihine sope navhate, kaaran jaree tyanni tyanchya prashanseche konatehi rahasy kadhich thewale navhate, taree miss caldecott nehmich teey vyakt karnyachya tyanchya prayatnanna talhat asat kinwa tapasat asat. katheen rajnaitik patranche kushal lekhak mhanoon tyanni heey tyanna aavadanyapurvi chaar vela lihile hote. shevati tyane teey purn kele aanee teey chaloo lagaleh - tyaa sarvansathi, caldecott shree. yanchyakadun eka patra shodhat hota. tarr, lifafyavar tyache hastalekhan pahoon tichyat eka romanch pasarla. yaa romanchane teela aashcharyachakit aanee naraj kele; tyamule tee aswasthahi jhaali. tee padvidware shree. yancha anand ghenyasathi aalee hotee. borodilene tichyabaddal kelele kautuk kadhihi lapavale nahee, parantu tine kadhihi tyakade gambhiryane pahile navhteh asey karane murkhpanache tharale asate, kaaran too eka shrimant patnishi lagn karnar aahe heey tyachya mitranmadhye changlya prakare samajale hote, jichya paishamule tyachi mahattvakanksha pudhe jaeel. tichyasarkhya eka nirupayogi mulishi vivah karane mhanje eka ashee karkird nasht karane, jee itaki tejaswi asalyache vachan dete. teela asey vatat hote qee tee tyala fakt tichya mitranpaiki sarvat anandadayi aanee sarvat manoranjak manate. haah romanch eka sarvat apriy ishara mhanoon aala qee tichya sakhol bhavna yaa prakaranat teela vatanyapeksha khoop jaast chintit asoo shakatat. ekach velee tine kiman eka pandharvadyasathi dagadfekivar parat naan jaanyacha nirnay ghetala aanee tine lady nogsla tichya governs padacha rajinama denyacha vicharhi suru keela. beresford caldecotsobat aanakhi eka pandharvadyabhar rahanyachi tee ajibat aatur navhati. tyane swatahsathi bandhalelya bhavya rajvadyatil jevan kvachitach, kharokharach, tutalelya kachchya malachya apghatamule teela dhakka naan basata gele; aanee gharat nokaranchi satat miravanuk hotee, kaaran tyanchyapaiki konihi tyachya malkachya samparkat aala nahee, tyamule eka aathvadyapeksha jaast kaal rahila nahee, tyamule astitvachya sukhsoyimadhye kahihi bharr padali nahee. tyachya ragachya udrekane teela aata ghabaravale nahee, parantu tarihi teela teey trasdayak vatale; aanee teela tyacha eka paisa dekhil shodhanyachi garaj nahee yaa vastusthiticha punaruchchar kartana kahitari kantalvane hote. matra, tyachyasobat eka pandharvadyacha vel ghalavanyacha ticha hetu tine purn keela nahee. shree. borodilene teela vilamb naan karata stonorilmadhye parat aananyacha nirdhar keela aanee tyaa dishene firanyasathi tyane konatehi prayatna naan karata sodale. tyachya patrachya parinamababat tyala kahee shanka hotee. tyamule tyanni pantpradhananna suchavale qee tyannihi tyanna patra lihave aanee jevha tyaa mahila nagsvar laksh thevanyachya bhayanak kamacha samna karava lagla tevha tyanche munn tyanna ayashasvi jhaale hote, tyanni hii soochana utsukatene sweekarli aanee lagech lihile. tyanantar sakali miss caldecott yanchyakade tyache patra pohochale, jyavar shree. borodials aale hote. teela pantpradhanambaddal khoop prem hote aanee teela maheet hote qee mahila nagambaddalchi tyachi chinta kadhihi shant hott nahee aanee patratoon teela spashtapane samajale qee teey sadhya tivra aahe. swatashi kahee vadavivad kelyanantar tine pandharvadyaparyant dagadapasun door rahanyacha ticha hetu sodala aanee tyaa dupari tee tithe asel asey sangitale. tichya kakanni tichya lavkar jaanyachya batamiche swagat ragachya bhadkafadkine keleh parantu tine eka pandharvadyacha mukkam karnyacha prastav deela aahe kinwa itar konatyahi prakarchya batamya, ashach bhadkafadkine, jyaa yethe kinwa tithe navhatya, yaa batamiche tyane swagat kele asate. teela tyachyakadun kadhihi eka paisa milanar nahee asey punha ekada aashvasan denyachi sandhee tyane gamavali nahee. pravasadarmyan, tichya manatoon door thevanyasathi tine athak prayatna kele taree, shree. yanna pahoon teela anubhavala gelela romanch aathavato. borodileche hastalekhan kahise mahattvache aanee trasdayak hote, joparyant tee swatahla tyala ghabaralelya bhitisarkhe kahitari bhetanyachi vaat pahat hotee. shree. yanche darshan jhalyane hii bheeti nyayya tharali. eka stonoril motor-karmadhye tichi vaat pahat asalelya borodilene swatah tichya hastalikhitane pahilelya drushyapeksha tichyadvare aanakhi hinsak romanch pasaravala. tyanantar, tiche abhivadan thandgar thandit asave aanee stonorilver parat aalyavar teela ajibat anand vatala nahee heey swabhavik hote. shree. borodile tichya shitalatababat kadhihi aandhala navhata, parantu tyane aapali nirasha darshavali nahee; tyachya swabhavik, anandi, trasdayak kaushalyane, too lagech teela parat aalyabaddal khoop anand jhaala aahe asey bolu lagla.

leady nugs, pier/adhyaya 7 adhyaya 6 adhyaya 8 â 3 shree. बोrarोडाइलको kathan, jab leady noges catford darbarma gaeka thie, स्टोnahaोrarिलका basindaharulai shanti key how bhanne thaha hune thiyo, paryapta satya sabit bhayo. tara uniharule tyo ashirwad prapta garepachhi uniharule ananda line bhanne unko shanka cum adharbhut sabit bhaena. kunai pani dina, mahila nagharu uniharusanga thie tara chhoto samaya, taipani tyo chhoto samayale baanki chaubis ghantama ujyalo prabhawa pareko thiyo; uni hatma thiin rar sambhawatah sakriya, kehi cum wa cum saumya fessionma sakriya thie bhanne sthayi bhawanale uniharuko jiwanma romanchak anishchittako masala thapeko thiyo, rar ab uni gain tiniharu dherai susta bhae. shriko mamalama. mahila nahaगहrarूको anupasthiti miss caldecutko anupasthitima bhaeko tathyale dulness hazar guna badheko thiyo; rar uni catfordbata kunai pani anya samacharko tulanama dherai utsuktaka sath parkhiraheka thie. yadyapi, uni eklaile tee mahila nagaharu asantushta sabit bhaeko khabar hunechha bhanne dherai nishchit apeksha gareka thie. chautho dinko diunso uni pradhanmantrisanga lanatma chiyama base, rar uniharu duwaile tyo khana bhettaundai thie, leady nugs rar miss caldecutko upasthitibata asammanit, kehi hadasamma nirashajanak sambandha. uniharu dinbhari sangai thie, dheraijaso samaya kada parishram garthe, rar uniharule afno kamlai pachhadi rakhne achetan sankalpa gareka thie. durbhagyawash, yo sankalpale yo kura lyayo kii uniharule kura garna kehi pani fela parne sakenan; rar tiniharu susta maunatama afno churot piuna base. gadiko garjan yasama prawesh गऱ्yo, rar tiniharule jhadiharu antya hune bindutira sanchchai chasoko sath afno aankha farkae, rar drive lannako kinarma bina screen chalcha. hall gadi drishtima ayo, rar euta ramashekal, lambering fly jasto pramanit bhayo june deshko railway stationko waripari darlagdo rupma parkhiraheko chha. yasako chhatma chaddi bharieko thiyo; anie tiniharulai dekhera chhune samagriko muskan chamkilo bhayo shree. बोrarोडाइलको anuhar. pradhanmantrika aankha tee trunkharuma purna rupma dui minet aghi tinle chakit parney pida swarma bhane, "nishchay nai tee feliciaca trunk hun!" "tiniharu sanchchai chhan", shrile bhane. borodile; rar unko swar kunai pani ashcharyako nishanbata mukta thiyo, june cum ullekhaniya thiyo, unle kehi mahasus garenan bhanera dekhera. "priya, priya! yo dherai thakit chha!", pradhanmantrile bhane. "rajkumarile unlai firta pathaeko hunuparchha. jey huna sakthyo?"anie uu hatarma uthyo. "khusi isai bachchako sunder tarikaharu bhaeka chhan, spashta rupma paryapta", shrile charko swarma bhane. borodile. pradhanmantri druta gatima mahaltira lage, tyasapachhi shree. borodile, rar yasako praweshdwarma pugyo jab jhingale leady nags rar ekal rupma kurkura anuharko thulo, goal mahilalai alag गऱ्yo. leady nagsale muskanko santushtika sath parichit drishyako waripari herirahekale shanti rar atma-swamitwako lagbhag adarsha chitra prastut garin. pradhanmantrisanga tyo thadi, goal mahila flus rar lagbhag sterters bhaeko awalokan garna matra samaya thiyo, uni yati dherai sas ferchhin, jab unaki bhatijile unlai snehako tyo asadharan pradarshanle angaleki thiin june wirlai mahilako hridayama aparadh bodhko prabhawa hoina. pradhanmantrile spashta rupma purna rupma afno alingan firta gare, rar chintit ashanta swarma bhane, "tapain kinn farkanubhaeko chha? yasako artha key how?" mahila nagsale, wadi virodhko awazma, "maile firta auna agraha garena. rajkumarile pathae-" "mahm baroness palbharmekar hun", thula, goal mahilama tato ugrataka sath bhaanchieko thiyo. "anie yasako artha key how bhanera bujhnuhos! yo berber bachcha how! bhon लीडल sevez! unle harek hawako jhai jaldharako jhai pudalharu mundan gareki chhin! jara yo hawa baanki chhaina! hoina, wayu hoina!" pradhanmantrile tee thula, mukhar mahilalai purna rupma chakit bhaera here. unle yass gambhir rar ushmapurna wyakhyako euta shabda pani bujhenan. tara uni thorai sachet thie kii unaki bhatijile afulai yasto tarikale alag pareko chha, jasma tyaso garne harek awasarko sath, uni kahilyai abhyasta bhaenan; rar unle bhane, "priya, priya! yo dherai thakit chha! key bhayo? maile bujhina!" leady nagsale vijayi hawale baroneslai unn garin rar roin, "tyahan! tapainle dekhnuhunchha manisharuko patraharuma hastakshep garda key hunchha! yadi tapainle mero patra beiman tarikale padhnubhaena rar फाडिdinaुbhaena bhane, kakalai pudalharuko barema thaha hune thiyo. ab usale gardaina!" "unle jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka jheleka ठेलेका chhan."baroness palbharmekar ajha badhi garmile roin, dahineko pahilo rar bichko aunlaale afno bayan hatko hatkelalai rapp garera, rar josh rar drutatale afno tauko haneko unko artha spashta bhayo. pradhanmantrile unlai ajha badhi chakit bhaera here rar bhane, "tara tapainle pudalharu kapal katnuhunchha." "tara unle jey tob-nodes rar jey rafsako kshaura garin. yo hawako kura hoina! hoina, bhon hoina!" pradhanmantrile afno dahri dridhatapurwak samate rar tyasalai samate. "anie sabai hansdai!"baroness jaari rahyo. "unle jalpan garne wilhelminalai jaal pokharima fyaankeki chhin! unle afno pahiranma syahi lagaeki thiin!" "yo euta dushta katha how! duwai dushta kathaharu hun!"vishal rar dharmik krodhka sath tee mahila chichyaeki thiin. "murkha ketile duwai afai garin!" "bhansa more-bhansa more", darlagdo rar nirashako antim uchcharanma beroness roin ", unle jey bringes wilhelminalai ek silee लीडल ketty bhanin!" "sayed, yadi leady feliciale yee rochak ghatanaharuko afno sanskaran dinchhin bhane, hammy key bhaeko chha bhanne bare thap sahi vichar banauna saksham hunuparchha", shrile bhane. borodile, unko bhawanako hinsale baironeslai ek parit maunama simit gareko thiyo bhanne tathyako faida uthaundai. "yo mero galti thiena, nissandeha, pudalharuko barema bahek. rar wastawma tiniharu yati videshi dekhindainan ", tee mahilale bholubal tara sajilaisanga spashta bhanin. "rajkumari wilhelminale pani-liliharu jamma gariraheki thiin, rar uni afai pokharima khaseki thiin. kohi pani huna sakchha. anie maile unlai massie pani lagaeko chhaina. unle afulai syahi lagaeki thiin. unle table-kapadama callo dhancha matra banairaheki thiin. tableko kapada rato thiyo." "euta prashansaniya karan", shrile bhane. borodile. "tara key mahm yo sochnama galat chhu kii tapain upasthit hunuhunthyo jab yee durbhagyaharu tapainko sano plemetko sath bhayo?" "playmate!"unle ananta tiraskar gardai mahila nugsलाई roin. "tapainle unko khel hernu parne thiyo! unlai thaha thiena kasari!" "tara yee durbhagyaharu unko sath hunda key tapain upasthit hunuhunthyo?"shrile bhane. borodile, afno binduma rakhda. "how, awashya pani mahm tyahan thien. mahm aru kahan hunuparchha?"mahilale bhanin. "tara maile unlai syahi lagaeko chhaina. unle afulai syahi lagaeki thiin. anie maile unlai pokharima fyaankeko chhaina. uni bhitra paseki thiin. maile gareko bhanchhu bhanne yo euta dushta katha how." "anie pudalharuka barema?"shrile bhane. borodile, anusandhan pachhyaundai. "tee buddhiman praniharuko key bhayo?" leady nogsko anuhar safa bhayo, rar uni muskurae, ek manaparne rar manoranjanatmak ghatanalai samjhandai. "thik chha, tiniharu ekdamai ramailo dekhinthe", unle swikar garin. "tara tiniharu kasto dekhinechhan bhanne malai kasari thaha bhayo? kasaile pani socheka thie kii tiniharu tee sabai freel rar chijharu bina ramro dekhinchhan; rar tyasaile hamile tiniharulai clip garyaun. tara tiniharule garenan, murkhatapurna kuraharu! uniharu nikai ramailo dekhinthe."anie uni afno manma raheko manaparne taswirma feri haanse. "rar jey brinus rar ब्rarिnahaसका फेभोrarीटहrarू hun. yo hawa baanki chhaina!"baironesle roiraheki rar hridayasparshi gambhirtaka sath afno wilapko bojha feri ek patak uthaundai bhanin. shree. बोrarोडाइलले achanak kanteka gharapaluwa janawarharuko taswira dekhe rar uni bistarai haanse. pradhanmantrile baroness पलभrarmahmेकrardaेखि leady nogesसmahm्mahm rar baroness पलभrarmahmेकrarसmahm्mahmलाई sabaibhanda dukhadayi hawama here. "tyasapachhi key bhayo?"shrile bhane. borodile. "oho, tyasapachhi-rajkumari dherai risaeki thiin", mahila nagsale bhanin. "jasto kii yo mero galti thiyo. jab tee pudalharu sabai thaunma kapal katchhan taba yati ramailo dekhinechhan bhanne malai kasari thaha bhayo? anie unle malai zahn bhanin, rar malai prahar garne prayas garin. anie mahm dherai risaeko thien. rar malai lagchha kii mahm alie ashisht thien. tara unle malai prahar garne prayas garna kunai kaam garenan." "uni uddhat hunchhin! oh, uddhat!"baironess roi. anie unle hawale haat halain. mahila nagsle baroneslai purna tiraskarka sath here, rar unko sasmuni budbud gareh "chupke!" "tapain abhadra hunuhunthyo?"shrile bhane. borodile. "maile kewal key bhanen bhane mahm tadha auna paunda khusi chhu, kinki tiniharu apamanjanak manisharu thie, rar sungur jastai khanchhan. anie tiniharu hun-tiniharule tapainlai mero patra padhae, kaka; rar tyasapachhi unle yasalai fade. anie tiniharule sungurajstai khanchhan ", mahilale dridhatapurwak bhanin. "priya, priya! yo dherai thakit chha!", pradhanmantrile bhane. "felicia, mahm timilai kati patak bhanchhu, afna alderharulai bolauna nadin-tara tyahan, timisanga kura garna wyartha chha. yadi tapain masanga aunuhunchha bhane, baroness palbharmekar, hammy yass vishayama chhalfal garna sakchaun, rar sayed, nirbadh rupma, mahm key bhaeko chha bhanne bare kehi sikna saksham hunechhu." tyasaisangai uni rar baroness mahalbhitra pase. tiniharu haraunda, leady nahaगहrarूले lanatarfako chiya-tableka lagi mauri-line banae, jasma shree upasthit thie. borodile. german rajpariwarma leady nogsko prabhawabare unko jigyasa kunai pani hisable cum bhaena. leady nagaharu patlo roti rar makkhanma kehi bhuro dekhine gari khasyo; rar usale bhanyo, "timilai bhok lageko dekhinchha." "malai bhok lageko chha", mahilale bhanin. "maile tyo darbarma khaan sakina. tapainle bharieko pwalma khaan saknuhaunna, tapainlai thaha chha, khana ramro bhae pani hoina. anie tyo thiena. malai lagchha yo german bhaeko hunuparchha. yasako swad kahilyai safa thiena; yo sadhain baklo swad rar chiknai bhaeko thiyo." shree. बोrarोडाइलले keck, dudha rar crim liera unlai pite; rar jab unle afno bhok pura garin, uni afno kursima farkiin rar bhaninh "mahm firta auna paunda khusi chhu. yo kati pashujanya thiyo bhanne tapainlai thaha chhaina, billy-sadhain kasaiko uttam wyawahar." "tapainko wyawahar ramro chha?"shrile bhane. borodile. "how; yasale kunai thulo tanawalai sahan sakdaina." mahila nagharu afno kursima dherai sidha base, rar usalai atyadhik shankaka sath here. "tapainko key matlab chha?"unle bhanin. "mero sabaibhanda ramro wyawahar dherai ramro wyawahar how." "oh, how, awashya-how, how", shrile bhane. borodile hatarma. "utkrishta! utkrishta!" leady noges ek sajilo mudrama farkie, rar shishtacharko paramparako katu tiraskarpurna vivaranma dube june fredrick da greatdekhi catfordsamma warshaunsamma aeko thiyo. bistarai, dherai prashnaharudwara, shree. बोrarोडाइलले unibata mainingen-swerinko gharma tinn dinko prawasko ghatanaharuko ek aspashta rar asangat katha akarshit gare. sabailai lagda, unle yo katha manoranjanatmak pae, kinki unko anuharma muskan bharieko thiyo; rar uni dherai patak bistarai haanse. yasako antyama leady nogsle kehi chintaka sath bhanin, "malai lagdaina kii maile kehi vishesh naramro gareko chhu, key tapain, billy? nissandeha, tee pudalharu dherai ramailo dekhinthe, tara maile wastawma tiniharulai chot पुऱ्याekो chhaina, tapainlai thaha chha." "hoina", shrile bhane. borodile, unko sabaibhanda nyayik hawako sath. "tapainle kehi naramro garnubhayo bhanne malai lagdaina. ek matra kura yo thiyo, kii tapain yati shanta sano pokharima khasnaka lagi dherai thulo kaanda hunuhunthyo." mahila nagsle usalai gambhiratapurwak heriraheki thiin, unka shabdaharu taul gardai; tyasapachhi unle bhanin, "yo tyasto nai thiyo. billy, tapainko barema malai key munn parchha bhane, tapainle kuraharu bujhnuhunchha. rar, jey bhae pani, mahm tyahan zahn chahannan."uni rokin rar feri pratibimbit garin; tyasapachhi unle atyadhik sochawicharka sath bhaninh" malai lagchha-malai lagchha kii gaera janawarharu hernechhu. yadi kaka tyo darlagdo purano baronesbata sidhai ae bhane, usalai chijharuko barema ekdam galat vichar hunechha, key tapainlai thaha chhaina?" "malai lagchha yo ramro hunechha", shrile bhane. borodile; rar mahila nags afno gharapaluwa janawarharu hernka lagi astabalko dishama hinde. shree. borodile chup base, rar arko churot jalae. dui patak uni charam samagrika sath haanse, kinki unle arko chaubis ghanta bhitra miss caldecoatko firti khoje. unle dhumrapan gariraheko churot samapta garisakeka thie, rar arkoko adha bato hundai thie, jab gadi mahalko praweshdwarma pugyo; pradhanmantrile baroness palbharmekarlai tyasama rakhe, rar jab uni uthera gae, unitira lanbatt hatar bhaera ae. jab uni najik puge, shriman. बोrarोडाइलले dekhe kii unko samanya harried hawa pahilebhanda badhi harried thiyo. uni kursima dubdai roe, "feliciale achammako wyawahar gariraheko chha-ghrinit!" "thorai pani hoina", shrile bhane. borodile chupchap. "kasari-key? tara unle garin, 'pradhanmantrile bhane. "uni shararati matra nabhai sakaratmak rupma uddhat chhin. unle rajkumari wilhelminalai pokharima fyaankeki thiin; unle massie chharkain; rar unle sabaibhanda pidadayi dhangale afno kapal tanchhin. yasabahek, uni sabaibhanda uddhat thiin, baroness palbharmekarka lagi matra hoina, tara rajkumar rar rajkumarika lagi pani." "baroness palbharmekarle afno atmako bojha hataeko dekhinchha", shrile bhane. borodile. "how, uni yass mamilama dherai spashta rar khula chhin." "thik chha, mero tarfabata", shrile bhane. borodile, "mahm unko khulapanma dherai bhar dinnan. key bhayo bhanne leady feliciaco sanskaranlai mahm munn paraunchhu. hamilai thaha chha kii unle satya bolchhin; rar hamisanga satya bolnu german bani how bhanne vishwas garne kunai karan chhaina. rajkumari wilhelminalai bhaeko durbhagyaka lagi mahila felicia jimmewar chhin bhanne kurama malai dherai shanka chhaina; tara mahm pakka chhu kii uni tyas bachchako bhagyahin taukoma lyauna sakriya agent thienan. unle unlai pokharima fyaankeki thiinan. unle unlai yasama ubjani bhaeka pani-liliharu todna sujhau die. mahm swikar gardachhu kii parinam wyawaharik rupma ustai hunechha; tara wyaktilai pokharima fyaankne rar pani-liliharu todne sujhawa dina bichma thulo bhinnata chha. feri, unle malai bhanin, rar mahm unlai vishwas gardachhu, kii unle afno sano playmatema massie fyaankeki chhainan. unle unlai callo dhancha sada rato table-kapadama thulo sudhar hunechha bhanera matra sujhawa die. rar sabai massie jo garieko thiyo, rajkumari wilhelminale afaile gare. pudalko mamilama unle dosh swikar garin. tara, antatah unle kukurharulai chot puyainan. rar yadi manisharule bachchaharulai puddle, rar clipperharu, pokhari rar masisanga eklai chhodchhan bhane, tiniharule tyasta parinamharu matra apeksha garna sakchhan. uniharule athak laganshiltaka sath, afnie mahila felicialai nirdosh rakhna jode die; rar uniharule afuharulai matra dosh dina sakchhan kii uni uniharuka lagi dherai baliyo sabit bhain. yadi miss caldecut unisanga gaeki thiin bhane, tapainle prastawa garejhain, tyahan kunai samasya hune thiena." shriko rupma. बोrarोडाइलले kuraharu sidhai gare, pradhanmantriko anuhar bistarai safa bhayo. "tapainle malai bhannubhaeko kurale yass mamilama dherai farak rung rakhchha", unle bhane. "tara mahm chahanchhu kii uni rajkumar rar rajkumariprati yati uddhat nabhaeko hunthe. " "yo shayed nai kunai uksit nabhaeko dekhinchha", shrile bhane. borodile. "spashta rupma, rajkumarile sarna pudalharu dekhera afno krodh gumaeki thiin, rar mahila feliciaco kanlai banda garne prayas garin." "thik chha", pradhanmantrile bhane, "miss caldecut jati chaando farkanchhan, tyati nai ramro hunchha. tapainsanga unko thegana chha? malai asha chha kii uni turuntai farkan saksham hunechhan." "kinki uni afno tyo asambhawa kaka, dakshin americi karodpatisanga basdai aeki chhin, malai lagchha kii uni bhagnako bahana liera khusi hunchhin. "aha, how; beresford kaldekote. ek bhayanak wyakti!", pradhanmantrile bhane. "tapainle turuntai unlai taar lagaunu ramro hunchha. kunai dhilai nagarnuhos. yasaibich, uni noungel mahm mahila feliciamathi nazar rakhnechhu."unle yo kura purna gambhirtaka sath bhane, jasto kii unle afno shaktiko dayarabhitrako karyama imandaripurwak vishwas gare. usale rokna nasakne muskanbata dhyan hatauna, shree. borodile hatarma uthe rar bhaneh "mahm turuntai taar lagaunchhu."anie uu druta gatima ghartira gayo. pradhanmantrile afno kursima farkiera sas fernubhayo. krodhit rar awiweki baroness पलभrarmahmेकrarसँगको unko antarwartale feri ekpatak unko imandar antaskaranlai leady nagko mamilama usalai risauna kaam garna tayar pareko thiyo. feri ekpatak uni yo prashnamathi sochdai thie, key uni wastawma aut sano ketilai hurkaune prakarko manis hun, yass tathyabata uni bilkul anajan thie kii unko tyo hurkaunesanga wastawma dherai thorai sambandha thiyo. hall, ek ginny-sungursangai, unle unko asahaj dhyanlai tode. uni unko samunne euta kursima baseki thiin rar bhaninh "mahm farkiekoma nikai khusi chhu. tyo bharieko darbarma tyo bhayanak thiyo. malai lagchha kii tiniharule warshabhari jhyalharu kahilyai kholenan; rar tiniharule malai mero shayankakshako jhyalharu khula rakhnabata rokne prayas gare. tiniharule malai chiso lagnuparchha bhane. key tapainle kahilyai yati murkhatapurna kura sunnubhaeko chha? key mahm farkiekoma tapain khusi hunuhunna?" "how", pradhanmantrile afno swarma swagatko kunai atishayoktipurna nanopan bina bhane. "tara mahm chahanchhu kii tapain rajkumariprati apamanjanak hunuhunnathyo." "thik chha, mahm uniprati apamanjanak huna chahannan. mahm kahilyai pani huna chahannan; tara jab unle malai hirkae, maile yasalai maddat garna sakin; mahm sanchchai garna sakdinan. rar antatah mero patra padhnu apamanjanak thiyo, tapainlai thaha chha. dherai apamanjanak. anie tiniharule sungurajstai khae. tiniharule gare, sanchchai." "tathapi, malai lagchha kii tapainle unlai ramro patra lekhnu ramro hunchha, rar tapainle uddhat huna chahanu bhaeko thiena bhanera wyakhya garnuhos." "thik chha", mahilale purna udasintaka sath bhanin. "mahm lekhnechhu rar wyakhya garnechhu. mahm kunai pani tarikale bhayanak thaunbata tadha chhu." yasaibich shree. बोrarोडाइलले nimna taar lekheka thie rar pathaeka thieh - uni tarbata khusi bhae, rar unle miss caldecutlai unko kakako chhatbata turuntai bhagnaka lagi yati naramro tarikale awashyak parne bahana dina paryapta kada shabdaharu lekhieko thiyo bhanne kurama wishwasta mahasus gare. beresford caldecutle yuropko sabaibhanda kharab swabhawko manis bhaeko chunautirahit pratishthako ananda uthae; rar kartawyako kehi hadasamma ziddi bhawanale matra afnie bhatijilai afno gharma lyayo. niyamanusar, tyo कrar्तव्यबोधले unlai ek patakma ek pakhawadiabhanda badhi samayasamma yasama rakhna sakena. taar pathaepachhi, shree. बोrarोडाइलले euta patradwara sahayogko lagi afno nivedanlai baliyo banaunu ramro how bhanera soche; rar uni yasalai atyadhik anandaka sath lekhna base. afno adarpurna prashansako uddeshyasanga kura garnubhanda lekhnu cum santoshajanak hunchha, tara yo kehi pani nabhaeko bhanda ramro hunchha. patra lekhna sajilo thiena, kinki, yadyapi unle afno prashansako kunai gopya kura kahilyai garenan, miss caldecutle sadhain yasalai wyakta garne unko prayasharu bewasta gareka thie wa jaanch gareka thie. afu jasto kathina kutnitik patraka nipun lekhak thie, unle yo afno manaparnema pugnuaghi chaar patak lekheka thie. antatah unle yo kaam pura gare, rar tyo chalyoh - tyo sabaika lagi miss caldecutle sribata patra khojdai thie. borodile, lifafama unko hastalekhanko drishyale unko madhyambata romanchak banayo. tyo romanchle unlai chakit rar risayo; yasale unlai nirash pani garayo. uni degreedwara shrimanko ananda lyne aeki thiin. बोrarोडाइलले unko prashansa kahilyai lukaenan, tara unle yasalai kahilyai gambhirtaka sath manenanh tyaso garnu betuka hune thiyo, kinki unka sathiharu bitch yo ramrosanga bujhaieko thiyo kii unle dhani patnisanga vivaha garne thie, jasko paisale unko mahatwakankshalai agadi badhaune thiyo. unijasta garib ketisanga wiwahako artha yasto kariyarko vinash how jasle yati utkrishta hune wacha gareko thiyo. uni unlai afna sathiharu madhye sabaibhanda sukhad rar sabaibhanda manoranjanatmak matra manchin bhanne dharana thiyo. yo romanchak kura sabaibhanda apriya chetawaniko rupma ayo kii unko gahiro bhawanaharu unle socheko bhanda yass mamilama dherai badhi chintit huna sakchha. turuntai unle kamtima ek pakhawadia samma स्टोnahaोrarिलmahmा naha farkane nirnaya garin; rar unle leady nogsalai afno gabharnarko padabata rajinama dine vichar pani garna thalin. uni kunai pani anandaka sath beresford caldecutsanga arko pakhawadia basna chahandainan. yo wirlai, wastawma, unle afna lagi banaeko bhawya darbarma khana tuteko krokariko durghatanabata uni wichlit nahoikan bityo; rar gharbhari sewakharuko nirantar julus thiyo bhanne tathya, kinki tiniharumadhe kohi pani kunai pani hisable yasako malikko samparkama naae pani ek hapta bhanda badhi rahyo, astitwako aramma kehi pani jodidaina. unko krodhko prakople unlai ab daraeko thiena, tara unle ajhai pani tiniharulai kashtaprad pae; rar unle afno ek paisa pani khojna awashyak pardaina bhanne tathyako daोhowऱ्याउnahamahmा kehi thakit thiyo. tara, unle unisanga ek pakhawadia bitaune afno irada pura garenan. shree. borodaillai kunai dhilai nagari स्टोnahaोrarिलmahmा firta lyaune sankalpa gariyo; rar unle tyo antyalai compass garna kunai prayas garenan. afno patrako prabhawabare uni kehi shankit thie. tyasaile unle pradhanmantrilai pani unlai patra lekhna sujhau die; rar jab wastawma mahila nagharumathi nazar rakhne bhayanak kamko samana garnupareko thiyo, unko hridaya asafal bhaeko thiyo, unle utsuktaka sath yo sujhawa swikar gare, rar turuntai lekhe. unko patra miss caldecutma tyasko bholipalta bihan pugyo jasma shree. बोrarोडाइलको agaman bhaisakeko thiyo. uni pradhanmantriprati nikai munn paraaunthin, rar unlai thaha thiyo kii mahila nagharuबाrarे unko chinta kahilyai shanta bhaena, rar unle patrabata yo spashta rupma ektrit garin kii yo yass samayama tiwra thiyo. aafusanga kehi bahas garepachhi unle ek pakhawadia स्टोnahaोrarिलबाट tadha rahane afno irada tyagin, rar tyas diunso uni tyahan hune taar lagae. unko kakale unko chaandai prasthanko khabarlai krodhko prakopka sath abhiwadan gareh tara unle ek pakhawadia, wa kunai anya prakarko samacharma rahan prastawa gareko khabarlai abhiwadan garne hunale, tyo yahan wa tyahan thiena. unle unibata kahilyai ek paisa pani paune chhainan bhani feri ekpatak ashwasana dine awasar gumaenan. yatrama, yasalai afno dimagbata tadha rakhna unko kada prayasko bawajud, shrilai dekhera unle mahasus gareko romanchko samjhana. बोrarोडाइलको hastalekhan kehi hadasamma mahatwapurna rar chintajanak thiyo, jabasamma unle afulai snayu ghabarahata jasto kehisanga bhetna parkhiraheki bhettaenan. tyo darlai shriko darshanle nyayasangat thaharayo. borodile afaile euta स्टोnahaोrarिल motor-karma unko pratikshama, unko hastalekhanko drishyale gareko bhanda ajha badhi hinsatmak romanch pathae. tyasapachhi, unko abhiwadan chiso chiso hunu swabhawik thiyo, rar unle स्टोnahaोrarिलmahmा farkanda kunai khushi dekhaunu hundaina. shree. borodile kunai pani hisable unko chisoprati andha thienan, tara unle afno nirasha dekhaenan; afno swabhawik, dukhadayi garne khusi kaushalka sath, uni turuntai uni farkiepachhi dherai khusi bhaejastai kura garna thale.

ledi nugs, piara/adhyaja 7 adhyaja 6 adhyaja 8 Â 3. mea. borodailanka bibrutti, je jetebele mahila nags catford prasadaku jaithile, stonorilra basindamane janithibe je shanti qa "naa, yathesta satya pramanita hoithila . kintu jetebele semane sehi ashirbada paibe, setebele semane upavoga karibe bolly tankara sandeha, kaunasi prakare comm bhittihina pramanita hoinathila. kaunasi nirdista deane madhyaru, mahila nagus semananka sahita thile kintu alpa samai, tathapi sehi swalpa samai baaki chabish ghanta upare eka ujjwala prabhaba pakaithila; shay haatare thile ebong sambhabatah sakriya, kichhi comm kimba comm shant phyashanare sakriya, semananka jeebanare romanchkar anishchitatara eka masala yodidela, ebong bartamana shay chalijaithiba semane bahuta nisteja hoigale . shreenka khetrare. borodile kahichanti je mahila nagsanka anupasthiti miss kaladekatnka anupasthiti sahita thila; ebong shay catfordru anya kaunasi khabara apekhya bahuta adhika utsahara saha apekhya karithile . tebe, kebala tankara hinn ehi nischita aasha thila je khabarati heba je mahila nagus asantoshajanaka pramanita hoichhanti. chaturtha deane aparaahnare shay pradhanamantreenka saha lunn upare chaa 'piebaku basithile, ebong duhen sehi bhojanaku dekhuthile, mahila nags ebong miss kaladekotanka upasthitire asammanita, eka kichhita nirashajanaka mamla . semane dinasara ekathi rahuthile, adhikansha samai kathina parisrama karuthile, ebong semane achetan bhabare semananka karjyaku pachare pakaibaku sankalpa neithile. durbhagyabashatah, ehi sankalpa ehaa aanithila je semane kathaa heba paain kichhi paipari nathile; ebong semane eka nisteja neerabataare semananka cigaret dhumpan curry basithile . eka gadira sabda taa 'upare padila, ebong semane eka prakruta agrahi aasha sahita sehi bindu aadaku aakhi pheraile jeunthare budbud shesh hue, ebong drive lonner dhaarare screen nakari chalithae . bartamana gaditi dekhibaku milithila, ebong ehaa eka ramshackle, kathara machhi bhali pramanita hoithila, jaahaa eka deshi rela stationku utkanthara saha apekhya karichhi. ehara chhatare chaaku bhari rahithila; ebong semananku dekhi eka sparshatmaka huss srijukta ujjwala hoigala . borodailanka muhn. pradhanamantreenka aakhi sehi chaaku upare sampurna dui minute purbaru, shay eka ashcharjyakara jantranadajaka swarare, "nischita bhabare segudika felicier chaaku!" "semane prakrutare achanti", srijukta kahile. borodile; ebong taanka swara kaunasi ashcharjyara chinharu mukta thila, jaahaa comm ullekhaneeah thila, ehaa dekhi je shay kichhi anubhaba karinathile . "priya, priya! ehaa bahuta klantikar!"bolly kahichanti mukhyamantri. "rajkumari nischai tanku pheraideithibe. qa "naa hoithaipare?"ebong shay tartar hoi uthi padile. "eka sukhee khristian sisura sunder upaiah ghatichhi, spust bhabare yathesta", mea. borodile. pradhanamantri druta gatire durga aadaku chaligale, taa 'parey shree. borodile, ebong ehara prabesha dwarare pahanchila thick jetebele machhiti mahila nags ebong eka ekaka bhabare swacha mukhar eka budd, goal mahilanku bichhinna karithila . mahila nags shant ebong aatma-adikarara eka adarsha chitra upasthapana karithile jetebele shay eka huss santosh sahita parichita drushya charipakhare chahinthile . pradhanamantreenka pakhare kebala ehaa lakhya kariba paain samai thila je budd, golakruti mahila janaka raktakta ebong praiah starters thile, shay ete jorare nihshwasa neuthile je taanka bhaniji tanku snehar sehi atyadhika pradarshan sahita alingana karuthile jaahaa kwachit mahilanka hrudajare aparadhabodha chetnar prabhaba nuhen . pradhanamantri eka spust bhabare asambhala dhangare taanka aalinganaku ferai deithile, ebong udwegajanaka asthira swarare kahile, "apana kahinki ferry aasichanti? ehara artha qa "naa?" mahila nagus abhijogakaree pratibada swarare arambha kale, "mun pheribaku kahi naahin. rajkumari pathaile-" "mun baroness palavaramachara", uttapta ugrata sahita budd, goal mahila bhitare bhangigala . "ebong ehara artha qa" naa taaha mun bujhi paruchhi! ehi barbara shishu! bhann leadle barbara! shay pratyeka 'bayur' jiah 'jalarashi gudikar munda katichanti! etikire bii baaju naahin! naa, baaju nuhen!" pradhanamantri ehi budd, mukhar mahilanku sampurna dwidwandware dekhuthile. shay ehi aantarika ebong uttapta byakhyatira gotie sabda madhya bujhiparile naahin. kintu shay alpamatrare janithile je taanka bhaniji nijaku epari bhabare bhinna karichanti, jaahaa karibara pratyeka sujoga sahita shay kadapi abhyasta hoinathile; ebong shay kahile, "priya, priya! ehaa bahuta klantikar! qa "naa helah? mun bujhiparuni!" mahila nags eka bijayamai baaju sahita baroness upare pherile ebong chitkara kale, "eithi! apana dekhanti, lokanka chithire hastakhyepa kariba dwara qa "naa hoithae! jadi apana more chithi asammanajanaka bhabare naah padhi ehaaku chiri naah thante, tebe caca puddle bishajare janithante . ebe shay naahin!" "shay khyoura karithile jay poodles-jay poodles jay bringes!"baroness palvaramekara ahuri adhika uttapa sahita chitkara kallah, dahanara pratham ebong madhya anguli dwara baama hatara hastaku raap curry ebong jore ebong drutatara saha munda halai taa 'rahr artha spust kallah . pradhanamantri tanku ahuri adhika dwandware dekhi kahile, "kintu apana poodles munda katichanti." "kintu shay jheba-node ebong jhebraphsa munda katichanti. aii 'aakash nuhen! naa, bhann nuhen!" pradhanamantri taanka dadhi drudha bhabe dharithile ebong ehaaku dhari rakhithile. "ebong jaat iz samaste munda halantu!"baroness chalila. "shay wilhelaminanku jhere pokhareere phingi delah! shay taa 'poshakare kalinga lagaila!" "ehaa eka dusta kahani! ubhaja dusta kahani!"shay eka bishala ebong dharmika krodhare mahila janaka chitkara kale. "murkha chhot jhiati nije ubhaja karithila!" "adhika-adhika", bhajankara ebong hatashar shesh uchcharanare baroness chitkara kallah, shay jii bringes wilhelaminanku eka chittakarshaka leadle jhia bolly kahithila!" "sambhabatah, jadi mahila felicia ehi aakarshaneeah ghatnagudikara sanskarana dianti, tebe qa 'naa ghatichhi shay bishajare aame adhika sathik dharana srusti karibaku sakhyama heba uchit", mea. borodile, ehi satyara faida uthaile je taanka bhabnar hinsa byaronesaku eka paasing nirabataku hrass karithila . "ehaa more dosh nathila, kebala, abashya, puddle bishajare . ebong prakrutare semane ete bideshi dekhajaunathile ", mahila janaka nugs, bholubal kintu kwachit spust kahile . "rajkumari wilhelmina paani-lilly sangraha karuthile, ebong shay nije sampurna pokhareere padi jaithile. kehi bii paribe. ebong mun tanku kalinka karini. shay nijaku phingi delah. shay kebala tebul-poshakare kalaa dhancha tiari karuthile. tebul-poshaka laal thila ." "eka prashansaneeah kaaran", srijukta kahile. borodile. "kintu mun ehaa bhabibare bhul karuchhi kii je jetebele aapananka chhot khelaleenka prati ehi durbhagya ghatithila setebele apana sethare upasthita thile?" "khela saathee!"shay kanduthila mahila janaka ananta tiraskarara saha. "apana taa 'rahr khela dekhithibe! shay janiparila naahin kemiti!" "kintu jetebele ehi durbhagya taanka upare padithila setebele apana sethare upasthita thile kii?"srijukta kahile. borodile, niz mataku bajaiah rakhichhanti. "hohn, mun nischai sethare thili. mun aau keunthi rahiba uchita?"mahila janaka kahile. "kintu mun taa 'upare kalinka lagai naahin. shay nijaku phingi delah. ebong mun taaku pokhareere phingi deinathili. shay bhitaraku khasi padila. mun karichhi bolly kahiba eka dusta kahani ." "ebong puddle bishajare?"srijukta kahile. borodile, tadanta jaari rakhichhanti. "sehi buddhimana pranimanankara qa" naa helah?" mahila nagsanka muhn sapha hoigala, ebong shay hussy pakaile, jane eka santoshajanaka ebong manoranjanakari ghatana maneh pakaila . "thick achhi, semane barang mazadar dekhajauthile", shay sweekara karithile. "kintu mun kipari janiparili je semane kipari dekhibe? kehi bii bhabithibe je semane sehi samasta chamatkara ebong jinish bina bhal dekhajauthile; ebong tenu aame segudiku kaati deichu. kintu semane taaha kale naahin, murkhatapurna kathaa! semane bahuta mazadar dekhajauthile."ebong shay puni thare taanka manare thiba santoshajanaka chitraku dekhi hasithile. "ebong jay heuchhi jay brins ebong brinsra fevurit . etikire bii baaju naahin!"baroness kahila, aau thare taa 'rahr bilapara bojhaku kanduthiba ebong marmasparshi gambhiratara saha grahan kallah . mea. borodile hathat eka chitra dekhichhi, jeunthire shay posha pranimane chharkhar hoi rahichanti, ebong shay dheere dheere hasibaku lagile. pradhanamantri baronus palabharmachar thaaru arambha curry ledi nugs parjyanta, ebong ledi nugs thaaru arambha curry baronus palabharmachar parjyanta, sabutharu duhkhadajaka pabanare dekhuthile. "taa" parey qa "naa helah?"srijukta kahile. borodile. "oh, taa 'parey-rajkumari bahuta ragigale", mahila janaka kahile. "jemiti ehaa more dosh. mun kipari janili je poodles sabuthi munda katiba parey ete mazadar lagiba? ebong shay mote jibaku kahila, ebong mote aaghata karibaku chesta kallah . ebong mun bahuta raagi jaithili. ebong mun bhabuchhi mun barang avadra thili. kintu shay mote aaghata karibaku chesta kariba paain kaunasi kaama karinathila." "shay uddhata! oh, uddhata!"baroness kanduthila. ebong shay eka baaju sahita haata halaile . mahila nugs byaronesku sampurna abmanana saha dekhile, ebong taanka nihshwasa tale bachasa kaleh "switch!" "apana avadra thile?"srijukta kahile. borodile. "mun kebala kahili je mun chalijai khusi, kaaran semane asammanajanaka lock, ebong ghushuri pari khaanti . ebong semane-semane aapananku more eka chithi padhile, caca; ebong taa 'parey shay ehaaku chiri pakaila . ebong semane ghushuri bhali khaanti ", mahila janaka drudhatara saha kahile. "priya, priya! ehaa bahuta klantikar!"bolly kahichanti mukhyamantri. "hey felicia, mun kete thara tumbhaku kahibi, tumbhar bajaskamananku daaka naahin-kintu sethare, tumbha sahita kathaa heba nirarthaka. jadi apana moe sahita aasibe, baroness palabharmachar, aame ehi prasangare alochana kariparibu, ebong bodhahue, nirabachhinna bhabare, mun qa 'naa ghatichhi shay bishajare kichhi shikhibaku sakhyama hebi." ehaa sahita, shay ebong baroness durga bhitaraku gale . semane nikhoja heba parey, mahila nagsamane lunn upare chaa 'tebul paain eka mahumachhi-line tiari karithile, jeunthire shree upasthita thile . borodile. german rajaparibara upare ledi nagsanka prabhaba bishajare tankara kautuhal kadapi hrass paai nathila. mahila nagsamane kichhi bhabyatara sahita patala ruti ebong makhan upare padigale; ebong shay kahile, "tume bhokila pari laguchhi ." "mun bhokila achhi", mahila janaka kahile. "mun sehi prasadare khaiparili naahin. apana jananti, khadya bhal hoithile madhya apana eka bharaa garttare khaiparibe naahin. ebong taaha hoinathila. mun bhabuchhi ehaa german hoithiba. ehara swada kebe bii swacha nathila; ehaa sarbada mota swada ebong telajukta thila ." mea. borodile tanku keck, kheera ebong cream dei chaleidela; ebong jetebele shay nijara bhokaku purana kale, shay niz chejarare bussy kahileh "mun ferry aasi khusi. ehaa kete bhajankara thila, taaha apana jananti naahin, billy-sarbada jane manishar sarbottama acharan." "apana sarbottama acharan karanti kii?"srijukta kahile. borodile. "hohn; ehaa kaunasi budd chapaku sahya kariba naahin." mahila nags niz chejarare sidha basithile, ebong tanku atyadhika sandehare dekhuthile. "qa" naa bujhuchhanti?"shay kahila. "more sarbottama acharan heuchhi bahuta bhal acharan ." "oh, hohn, abashya-hohn, hohn", srijukta kahile. borodile tarabaria bhabare. "chamatkara! chamatkara!" ledi nugs eka sahaja bhangeere pherigale, ebong frederic dee great thaaru catford parjyanta barsha barsha dhari asithiba shistachara paramparar eka tikta abamananapurna bibaraneere budijaithile . dheere dheere, aneka prashna dwara, mea. borodile tankatharu mainingen-swerinnka paribarare tankara tini dinara rahani ghatana bishajare eka aspasta ebong asangata barnana karithile . samastanka paain, shay ehi kahaniku eka manoranjanakari bhabare dekhile, kaaran taanka muhn saaraa hasare jhalasi jaithila; ebong shay aneka thara dheere dheere hasithile . sheshare mahila nags kichhi utkanthara saha kahile, "mun bhabunahin je mun kichhi bisesh kharap karichhi, naa, billy? abashya, sehi pudalasagudika bahuta mazadar laguthila, kintu mun prakrutare semananku aaghata deinathili, apana jananti." "naa", srijukta kahile. borodile, tankara sabutharu nyajika baaju sahita . "mun bhabunahin je apana kichhi kharap karichanti. kebala gotie kathaa thila, je ete shant chhot pokhareere padibaku apana eka bahuta budd pathara thile." mahila janaka taanka kathara ojana uthai gambhiratara saha taanka aadaku chahinle; taa 'parey shay kahile, "ehaa semiti kichhi thila. billy, tum bishajare mote jaahaa bhal laage, taaha heuchhi, tume jinish sabu bujha. ebong, parisheshare, mun sethaku jibaku chaahun nathili."shay atakigala ebong punarbara chinta kallah; taa 'parey shay atyadhika chintadhara sahita kahilah" mun bhabuchhi-mun bhabuchhi pashumananku jaai dekhibi. jadi caca sehi bhajankara brudha byaronesankatharu sidhasalakha aasanti, tebe shay jinish bishajare eka bhul dharana rakhibe, apana jananti naahin kii?" "mun bhabuchhi ehaa bhal heba", srijukta kahile. borodile; ebong mahilati taa 'rahr posha praniku dekhiba paain, astabal aadaku chaligala . mea. borodile sthira hoi bussy aau eka cigaret jalaile. duithara shay ati santusta hoi hasithile, kaaran shay parabarti chabish ghanta madhyare miss kaladekotanka pratyabartana khojuthile. shay dhumpan karuthiba cigaret shesh curry sarithile, ebong anya eka rasta madhya dei jauthiba bele, gaditi durgara prabesha dwara aadaku asithila; pradhanamantri baroness palabharmecharnku sethire pakai deithile, ebong jetebele shay uthigale, tartar hoi lunn talaku taanka aadaku aasile. shay jetebele nikatatar hele, mea. borodile dekhile je tankara sadharana harrid baaju purba apekhya adhika harrid thila . shay eka chejarare budigala ebong chitkara kallah, "felicia ashcharjyajanaka bhabare byabahara karuchhi-ghrunya!" "kichhi nuhen", srijukta kahile. borodile shant bhabare. "kemiti-qa" naa? kintu shay karichanti ", bolly pradhanamantri kahichanti. "shay kebala dusta nuhanti, barang sakaratmaka bhabare uddhata madhya achanti. shay rajkumari wilhelaminanku eka pokhareere phingi deithile; shay tanku kaali chharkhar karithile; ebong shay sabutharu jantranadajaka dhangare taanka kesh tanithile . ehaa byatita, shay kebala baroness palabharmecharnka prati nuhen, barang rajkumar ebong rajakumarinka prati madhya sabutharu uddhata thile." "baroness palbharmekar taanka atmara bojhaku mukta karithiba pari manehue", mea. kahichanti. borodile. "hohn, shay ehi prasangare besh kholakholi ebong kholakholi achanti." "thick achhi, moe pakhyare", srijukta kahile. borodile, "mun taa 'rahr kholakholi swabhaba upare adhika gurutwa die naahin. jaahaa ghatithila, mun ledi phelisianka sanskaranaku pasanda kare. aame jaanu je shay satya kuhanti; ebong satya kahiba eka german abhyasa bolly biswasa karibara ammer kaunasi kaaran naahin. more ethire kaunasi sandeha naahin je rajkumari wilhelaminanka prati ghatithiba durbhagya paain mahila felicia daie; kintu mun sampurna nischita je shay sehi sisura bhagyahina munda upare semananku aanibare sakriya agent nathile. shay taaku pokhareere phingi nathila. sethire badhuthiba jala-liligudiku shay kadhi nebaku paramarsha deithile. mun sweekara karuchhi je phalaphal prajatah samaana heba; kintu jane byaktinku pokhareere phingideba ebong jala-liligudiku bhangiba madhyare eka budd parthakya achhi . puni, shay mote kahila, ebong mun tanku biswasa kare, je shay taanka chhot khela sathinka upare kaali phingi naahin . shay tanku kebala paramarsha deithile je eka kalaa dhancha eka sadharana laal tebul-poshakare eka budd unnati heba . ebong jeun samasta kaali karajaithila, rajkumari wilhelmina nije karithile. poodles mamalare shay dosh sweekara karithile. kintu, sheshare, shay kukuramananku aaghata karinathile. ebong jadi lokamane pilamananku puddle, ebong clipper, ebong pokhari ebong kaali sahita ekutia chhadidebe, semane kebala ehipari phalaphal aasha kariparibe . semane aklanta dhairjyara saha, semananka mahila phelisianku nirdosha rakhiba upare zid dharithile; ebong semane kebala nijaku dosh debaku chahunchhanti je shay semananka paain atyadhika shaktishali pramanita hoithile. apana prastaba deithiba bhali miss kaldekote jadi taanka sahita jaithante, tebe ebhali kaunasi asubidha hoinathanta." srijukta bhabe. borodile jinishagudiku sidha karidele, pradhanamantreenka muhn dheere dheere sapha hoigala . "shay kahile, "apana mote jaahaa kahuchanti taaha ehi samparkaku eka bhinna ranga deithae. "kintu mun chaahen shay rajkumar ebong rajakumarinka prati ete uddhata naah thante. " "ehaa kwachit bina prarochanare hoithiba pari manehue", srijukta kahile. borodile. "spastatah, rajkumari shukhila poodles dekhi nijara raaga haraithile, ebong mahila phelisianka kanaku bohibaku chesta karithile." "thick achhi", pradhanamantri kahile, "miss caldect jete shighra pheribe, sete bhal. aapananka pakhare taa 'rahr thikana achhi kii? mun aasha karuchhi shay turanta pheripai paribe." "jehetu shay taanka asambhaba maamun, dakhina americae kotipatinka sahita rahuchanti, mun bhabiba uchita je shay palajana karibaku eka bahana dei khusi hebe. "hohn; beresford kaldekote. bhajankara manish!"bolly kahichanti mukhyamantri. "apana turanta tanku telephone karideba bhal. bilamba karantu naahin. iti madhyare, shay asiba parjyanta, mun nije mahila phelisianka upare nazar rakhibi."shay ehaaku gambhiratara saha kahithile, jemiti shay niz khyamatara seema madhyare thiba karjyaku sachotatara saha biswasa karuthile. shay nijantrana kariparunathiba hasaru dhyana hataiba paain, mea. borodile tarabaria hoi uthi kahilah "mun turanta taara lagaidebi."ebong shay druta gatire gharaku chaligala. pradhanamantri taanka chejarare bussy deerghaswasa chhadile. krodhita ebong abibechita baroness palabharmacharnka saha tankara sakhyatakara puni thare taanka sachchot bibekaku mahila nagus mamalare tanku birakta karibaku karjya karibaku sthira karithila . shay puni thare ehi prashna upare dhyana deuthile, shay prakrutare eka chhot jhiaku budd kariba paain epari purush kii nuhen, shay ehi satya bishajare aadou agya je prakrutare sehi lalanapalana sahita tankara bahuta comm samparka thila. bartamana, eka gini-ghushuri sahita, shay tankara aswastikara dhyanare prabesha karithile. shay taanka sammukhare eka chejarare bussy kahileh "mun ferry aasi bahuta khusi. sehi bharaa prasadare ehaa bhajankara thila . mun bhabiba uchita je semane barshasara kebe bii jharaka kholi nathile; ebong semane moe shoiba ghara jharaka kholiba banda karibaku chesta karithile. semane kahile mote thanda heba uchita. apana kebe ete murkhatapurna kathaa sunichanti kii? mun ferry asithibaru apana khusi nuhnti kii?" "hohn", swagatara kaunasi atiranjit ushmata bina pradhanamantri kahile. "kintu mun chahunchhi apana rajakumarinka prati uddhata naah thante." "thick achhi, mun taa 'prati uddhata hebaku chaahun nathili. mun kadapi semiti hebaku chaahun nathili; kintu jetebele shay mote aaghata kale, mun sahajya kariparili naahin; mun prakrutare kariparili naahin. ebong parisheshare, moe chithi padhiba asammanajanaka thila, apana jananti. atyanta asammanajanaka. ebong semane ghushuri bhali khaile. semane satare kale." "tathapi, mun bhabuchhi apana tanku eka sunder chithi lekhi bujhaibe je apana uddhata hebaku chahunanathile." "thick achhi", mahila janaka sampurna udasinatara saha kahile. "mun lekhibi ebong bujhaibi. mun kaunasi prakare bhajankara sthanaru doorei jaichhi." ehi samajare mea. borodile nimnalikhita telegramti lekhithile ebong pathaithileh - shay taaraku nei khusi hoithile, ebong shay nischita anubhaba karithile je ehaa yathesta drudha sabda thila jaahaa miss kaladekotanku bahana deba paain yathesta thila jaahaa tanku taanka mamunka chhataru turanta palaiba paain ete kharap bhabare aabasyaka thila . beresford kaldekote yuropara sabutharu kharap-krodhita byakti bhabare apratisparda sunam upavoga karithile; ebong kebala kichhi matrare karttabyara agraha taanka bhanijeenku taanka gharaku aanithila . eka niam bhabare, sehi karttabyara bhabana tanku gotie samajare eka pander dinaru adhika samai dhari rakhiparila naahin . telegram pathai sariba parey, mea. borodile eka chithi dwara sahajya paain taanka anurodhaku majboot kariba bhal bolly bhabithile; ebong shay ehaaku atyanta anandare lekhiba paain basithile . nijara sammanapurna prashansara uddeshya sahita kathaa heba apekhya lekhiba comm santoshajanaka, kintu ehaa kichhi naah heba apekhya bhal . chithiti lekhiba sahaja nathila, kaaran jadio shay kebe bii nijara prashansara kaunasi rahasya gopana karinathile, miss kaldekote sarbada ehaaku prakash karibara prajasaru doorei jaithile kimba jancha karithile. kathina kootanaitika chithira nipuna lekhaka bhabe shay niz pasanda anusare ehaa paiba purbaru chaari thara lekhithile. sheshare shay ehaaku shesh kale, ebong ehaa chaligalah - kaaran, miss kaldekote shreenka thaaru eka chithi khojuthile. baradele, khaamare taanka hastakhyara dekhiba taanka madhyare eka romancha pathaithila . ehi romancha tanku ashcharjya ebong birakta karithila; epariki ehaa tanku bichalita madhya karithila. shay degree dwara shreenku upavoga karibaku aasithile. borodailanka taanka prati thiba prashansa kebe bii luchai nathila, kintu shay ehaaku kebe bii gambhiratara saha nei nathileh epari kariba ajauktika hoithanta, kaaran taanka bandhumananka madhyare ehaa bhal bhabe bujhithila je shay jane dhani patneenku bibaha karibe, jahanka artha taanka mahatwakankhyaku aagaku badhaiba. taanka bhali jane arthahina jhia sahita bibahara artha thila eka carriara binash, jaahaa ete ujjwala heba bolly pratishruti deithila. shay ehi bhabanare thile je shay tanku kebala taanka bandhumananka madhyaru sabutharu sukhad ebong sabutharu manoranjanakari bhabare bibechana karanti . romanchati eka sabutharu apritikara chetabani bhabare asithila je tankara gabhira bhabana ehi prasangare shay kalpana karithiba apekhya bahuta adhika chintita hoipare . turanta shay ati kamare eka pander deane paain pathara nirmanaku naah pheribaku nishpatti neithile; ebong shay mahila nagsanku taanka governess padabeeru istafa deba bishajare madhya bichara karibaku arambha karithile. shay aau eka pander deane beresford kaladekotanka saha rahiba paain aadou khusi nathile. ehaa kwachit, bastabare, je shay niz paain nirmana karithiba sunder prasadare eka bhojan bhangi jaithiba crockery durghatanajanita ghatanare tanku byathita nakari chaligala; ebong ehi satya je ghare sebakamanankara eka nirantara shobhajatra thila, kaaran semananka madhyaru kehi madhya kaunasi prakare ehara malikanka sansparshare aasi nathile, eka saptaharu adhika samai rahithile, jaahaa astitwara aaramare kichhi joga karinathila . tankara krodhara prakopa tanku aau bhajabhita karinathila, kintu tathapi shay semananku biraktikara maneh karithile; ebong taanka punarabrutti bishajare kichhi klantikar thila je shay kebe bii taanka eka paisa khojibara abashyakata naahin . tebe, shay taanka sahita eka pander deane bitaibara uddeshyaku palana karinathile. mea. borodile bina bilambare tanku stonorilku ferai aanibaku sthira karithile; ebong shay sehi lakhyaku compass karibaku kaunasi upaiah chhadi nathile . taanka chithira prabhabaku nei shay kichhita sandigdha thile. tenu shay pradhanamantreenku paramarsha deithile je shay madhya tanku chithi lekhantu; ebong jehetu, jetebele prakrutare mahila nagsanka upare nazar rakhibara bhajankara karjyara sammukheen hoithile, taanka hrudai tanku biphal karithila, shay utsahara saha ehi paramarshaku grahan karithile, ebong turanta lekhithile . taanka chithi taa 'pardin sakale miss kaladekotanka pakhare pahanchithila, jeundina srijukta. borodile aasi pahanchithila. pradhanamantreenka prati tankara bahuta bhalapaiba thila, ebong shay janithile je mahila nagsanka bishajare tankara chinta kadapi shant hoinahin, ebong shay chithiru spust bhabare sangraha karithile je ehaa bartamana tibra . niz sahita kichhi bitarka parey shay eka pander deane paain stonoril thaaru doorare rahibara uddeshya chhadi deithile, ebong shay sehi aparaahnare sethare rahibe bolly wayard karithile . taanka maamun taanka shighra prasthana khabarku krodhara uddipanara saha swagata karithileh kintu jehetu shay ehi khabarku swagata karithante je shay eka pander deane, kimba anya kaunasi prakarara khabara, samaana uddipanara sahita rahibaku prastaba deithile, taaha ethaare kimba sethare nathila . shay tanku aau thare aaswasana debara sujoga hatachada kale naahin je shay tankatharu kebe bii eka paisa paibe naahin. ehi jatrare, ehaaku niz manaru doorare rakhiba paain tankara kathina prayasa satwe, shreenku dekhi shay anubhaba karithiba romanchara smruti. borodailanka hastalikhita kichhi matrare gurutwapurna ebong kastadajaka thila, jeparjyanta shay tanku snajabika aatanka bhali kichhi sahita bhetibaku apekhya karithibara anubhaba karinathile. shrinkara darshan dwara sehi aatankita heba jathartha pramanita hoithila. borodile nije, gotie stonoril motor-karare tanku apekhya curry, taanka hastalikhanara drushya apekhya taanka madhyare ahuri adhika hinsatmaka romancha pathaithile . ehaa parey, ehaa swabhabika thila je tankara abhibadana eka thanda thanda heba uchita, ebong shay stonorilaku ferry aasi aadou khusi dekhaiba uchit nuhen . mea. borodile taa 'rahr thanda prati kaunasi prakare andha nathila, kintu shay taa' rahr hatasha dekhai nathila; taa 'rahr swabhabika, khusi anubhaba sahita, shay turanta kathaa heba arambha kallah, jemiti shay ferry aasi ati anandita.

lady nugs, peear/adhiaai 7 adhiaai 6 adhiaai 8 Â 3 sriman jee. borodial daa biaan, kii jadon lady nagaz catford palace laee ravana hoow gaee see, pathran dey pind dey vasnikan noon pataa hovega kii shanti qee haii, kaafi sacch saabat hoiaa. parr uss daa shakk kii uh uss barkat daa anand lainge, jadon unhan neey iss noon prapat keeta, ghatt pakka saabat naheen hoiaa. poore dinn vicchon, mahila nagaz uhanan dey naal sunn parr thode samein laee, firr vee uss thode samein neey baaki chauvi ghantiaan utte ikk chamakdar prabhav paaiaa see; ih sathayi bhavna kii uh hatth witch see atey shayed sargaram see, kise ghatt jaan ghatt ashleel dhang naal sargaram see, neey uhanan dey jeevan witch dilchsap anishchitta daa masala jode ditta see, atey hunn jadon uh chalee gaee see taan uh bahut neeras hoow gaye sunn. sriman dey mamle witch. borodial neey kiha kii iss tatth naal kii lady nagaz dee gairhazari dey naal miss caldecoat dee gairhazari see, ashudhta witch ikk hazaar gunna vaadha hoiaa see; atey uh catford toon kise vee horr khabar naalon kitey vaddh utsukta naal udeek qarr riha see. parr, ikalle uss noon hii ih umeed see kii khabar ih hovegi kii aurat nugs asantusht saabat hoee haii. chauthe dinn duphir noon uh pardhan mantri naal lyon utte chaah peenn laee baithe atey unhan dovan noon uh bhojan, joe lady nugs atey miss caldecoat dee maujudgi toon aspasht see, kujh hadd takk nirashajanak mamla labbh riha see. uh saara dinn ikkathe rahinde sunn, ziaadaatar samaan sakhat mihnat karde sunn, atey uh anjane witch aapna kamm pichhe chaddan daa sankalap lainde sunn. badkismati naal, iss sankalap neey ih liaa ditta kii unhan noon gall curran laee kujh naheen miliaa; atey uh ikk neeras chupp witch aapniaan cigartan pee rahey sunn. ikk gaddi dee gadgadahat uss utte aaa gaee, atey unhan neey sachmuch dilchaspi naal uss bindu vall aapniaan akkhan modiaan jiss utte jhadiaan khatam hundiaan hunn, atey drive lyon dey kinare dey naal binan screen keete chaldi haii. iss vele gaddi nazar aaa rahee see, atey ikk kisam dee lakkad dee makkhi saabat hoee joe ikk desi railway station dee udeek kardi haii. iss dee chhatt suttiaan naal bharee hoee see atey uhanan noon vekh keey sammohit samaggari dee muskarahat neey shriman noon chamakdar qarr ditta. borodial daa chihra. pardhan mantri deeaan akkhan unhan taney utte puurii tarahan doou mint pahilan tikiaan hoiaan sunn, jadon uh hairan curran vaale darad dey lahaze witch boley, "yakinan ih felicia dey taney hunn!" "uh sachmuch hunn", shriman neey kiha. borodial; atey uss dee aavaaz hairani dey kise vee nishan toon mukat see, joe kii ghatt kamaal dee see, ih vekh keey kii uss neey kujh vee mahisus naheen keeta. "piaara, piaara! ih bahut thakaoo haii!"pardhan mantri neey kiha. "rajkumari neey uss noon waps bhej ditta hovega. qee hoow sakda see?"atey uh jaldbazi witch uthhiaa. "ikk khush isai bacche dey sunder tarike hoye hunn, spasht taur 'teey kaafi", shriman neey budd budd keeti. borodial. pardhan mantri tezi naal kilhe vall turr paye, jiss toon baad shriman neey turiaa. borodial, atey iss dey pravesh duaar teey pahunch giaa jiven hii makkhi neey lady nugs atey ikk vadde, goal aurat noon ikk vilakkhan taur teey narmi vaala chihre dee khinda ditta. lady nagaz neey shanti atey sway-kabza dee lagbhag aadrash tasveer pesh keeti jadon uh ikk muskaraun vaali santushtata naal jaane-pachane drish noon vekh rahee see. pardhan mantri cole ih dekhan laee samaan see kii vaddi, goal aurat bahut hii tez atey lagbhag shandar see, uh inni bhaari saah lae rahee see, jadon uss dee bhatiji uss noon piaar dey uss asadharan pardarshan naal galey lagaa rahee see joe kadey-kadey aurat dey dill witch apradh bhavna daa prabhav naheen hunda see. pardhan mantri neey aapne galey noon ikk sapshat taur 'teey aspasht dhang naal waps qarr ditta, atey chinta dey gusse witch kiha, "tusin waps kiun aae hoow? iss daa qee arth haii?" aurat neey virodh dee aavaaz witch shuru keeta, "main waps aaunn laee naheen kiha. rajkumari neey bhejiaa-" "main baroness pulvermature haan", garam josh naal vaddi, goal aurat witch tutt gaee. "atey iss daa qee arth haii! zaat eez vaan barbarian baccha! vaun leadle saivej! uss neey harr havaa dey zenz dey poodle mundan keete! zaare eez vaun air naheen bachi! naheen, havaa naheen!" pardhan mantri neey iss vaddi, aavaaz vaali aurat noon puurii tarahan hairan qarr ditta. uss noon iss gambhir atey garam viaakhiaa daa ikk shabad vee samajh naheen aaiaa. parr uh iss gall toon bilkul jaanhu naheen see kii uss dee bhatiji neey aapne aap noon iss tarike naal vakkhra keeta see, jiss naal ajiha curran dey harr mauke dey naal, uh kadey vee aadee naheen hoiaa see; atey usne kiha, "piaare, piaare! ih bahut thakaoo haii! qee hoow giaa haii? main naheen samajh sakda!" lady nagaz neey ikk jitt vaali havaa naal baroness noon agge modiaa atey chikiaa, "utthe! tusin dekhoge kii lokan deeaan chitthiaan witch dakhalandazi curran daa qee hunda haii! jey tusin merrie chitthi noon beizzati naal naa padhiaa hunda atey iss noon paadd naa ditta hunda, taan chaacha noon poodles baare pataa hunda. hunn uh naheen karda!" "uss neey zade poodles daa mundra keeta-zade poodles aaf zade brinzes!"baroness pulvermaker neey horr vee ziaada garmi naal roiaa, jiss naal uss daa arth spasht hoow giaa kii uss neey aapne khabbe hatth dee hatheli noon sajje hatth deeaan pahiliaan atey vichkarliaan unglan naal rapp ditta, atey josh atey tezi naal aapna sir hilaiaa. pardhan mantri neey uss noon horr vee hairan hoow keey dekhiaa atey kiha, "parr tusin poodles mundade hoow." "parr uss neey zeb-nodes atey zeb ruffs daa mundra keeta. zaare eez nutt vaun air! naheen, naheen vaun!" pardhan mantri neey aapni daadhi noon mazbooti naal fadd liaa atey iss noon faddi rakkhiaa. "atey sabh noon sir hilao!"santan chall paee. "uss neey wilhelmina noon jheel witch sutt ditta! uss neey aapne kappde 'teey mohar laa ditti!" "ih ikk maadi kahani haii! doven bhaidiaan kahaniaan hunn!"aurat neey ikk vishal atey dharmi gusse naal chikiaa. "bevakoof chhoti kuddi neey doven aapne aap keete!" "vonus morr-vonus morr", dahishat atey nirasha dey aakhri lehraa witch, uss neey chikiaa, "uss neey z brinzes wilhelmina noon ikk sunder leadle ladki kiha!" "shriman neey kiha, "shayed, jey lady felicia inhan dilchsap ghatnavan daa aapna sanskaran dindi haii, taan saanoon iss baare vadhere sahee vichaar banaun dey yog honaa chahida haii kii qee hoiaa haii. borodial, iss tatth daa faida uthaunde hoye kii uss dee bhavna dee hinsa neey beroness noon ikk langhdi chuppi witch ghataa ditta see. "ih merrie galti naheen see, sivaae, beshak, poodles baare. atey asal witch uh inne videshi naheen laggde sunn, "aurat neey kiha, vaddi parr shayed hii sapshat. "rajkumari vilhalmina paanee deeaan liliaan ikkathiaan qarr rahee see, atey uh khud hii talaab witch digg gaee. koee vee hoow sakda haii. atey main uss utte siaahi naheen paaee. uss neey aapne aap noon sett keeta. uh siraf mez-kappde utte kaale namune bnaa rahee see. mez daa kappda laal see." "ikk parshansayog caarn", shriman neey kiha. borodial. "parr qee main ih soch keey galat haan kii tusin udon maujood see jadon ih badkismati tuhade chhote playmate naal hoee see?" "saathi!"aurat neey anant nindiaa keeti. "tuhanun uss daa khed dekhna chahida see! uh naheen janhdi see kii kiven!" "parr qee tusin uss vele maujood see jadon ih badkismati uss utte aaee see?"sriman neey kiha. borodial, aapni gall noon kaaim rakkhde hoye. "haan, main zaroor utthe see. main horr kitthe hovan?"aurat neey kiha. "parr main uss utte siaahi naheen paaee. uss neey aapne aap noon sett keeta. atey main uss noon talaa witch naheen suttiaa. uh ander digg paee. ih kahina ikk maadi kahani haii kii main keeta." "atey pull baare?"sriman neey kiha. borodial, jaanch daa pichha qarr riha haii. "uhanan budhiman jeevan daa qee hoiaa?" aurat nogs daa moonh saaf hoow giaa, atey uh muskara gaee, jiven kii ikk manmohani atey manoranjak ghatna noon yaad keeta jaa riha see. "theek haii, uh kaafi mazakia lagg rahey sunn", usne savikar keeta. "parr mainoon kiven pataa laggega kii uh kiho jihe dikhange? kise neey vee sochiaa hovega kii uh unhan saariaan cheezan atey cheezan toon binan bihtar dikhai dinde; atey iss laee aseen unhan noon katt ditta. parr unhan neey naheen keeta, bevakoof cheezan! uh bahut mazakia lagg rahey sunn."atey uh aapne munn witch anukool tasveer noon vekh keey firr muskara gaee. "atey zaiz brins atey brins dey bahut pasandida hunn. havaa naheen bachi!"baroness neey kiha, ikk vaar firr aapne sog daa bojh hanjhu atey dill dahilaun vaali gambhirta naal chukkdi haii. sriman jee. borodial neey achanak katte hoye paltu janwaran dee tasveer vekhi atey uh hauli huss piaa. pardhan mantri neey baroness pulvermaker toon lae keey lady nugs takk atey lady nugs toon lae keey baroness pulvermaker takk noon sabh toon nakhush havaa naal dekhiaa. "firr qee hoiaa?"sriman neey kiha. borodial. "oh, firr-taan rajkumari bahut gusse witch see", aurat neey kiha. "jiven kii ih merrie galti see. mainoon kiven pataa lagga kii poodles inne mazedar laggange jadon uhanan noon harr paase mundiaa giaa see? atey uss neey mainoon jaanh laee kiha, atey mainoon maaran dee koshish keeti. main bahut gusse witch see. atey mainoon lagda haii kii main kaafi achha see. parr uss noon mainoon maaran dee koshish curran daa koee kamm naheen see." "uh besamjhi qarr rahee haii! heey, besamjhi!"uh aurat roow paee. atey uss neey havaa naal hatth hilaae. aurat neey beron noon puurii nindiaa naal dekhiaa, atey uss dey saahan heth budd budd kitia "chupp crow!" "toon badmash see?"sriman neey kiha. borodial. "main siraf ih kiha kii mainoon door aaa keey khushi hoow rahee haii, kiunki uh beizzati curran vaale lock sunn, atey sooran wang khaande sunn. atey uh hunn-unhan neey tuhanun merrie ikk chitthi padhi, chaacha; atey firr usne iss noon paadd ditta. atey uh sooran wang khaande hunn, "aurat neey mazbooti naal kiha. "piaara, piaara! ih bahut thakaoo haii!"pardhan mantri neey kiha. "main kinni vaar tuhanun dassan, felicia, aapne bazurgan noon naa bulao-parr utthe, tuhade naal gall karna viarth haii. jey tusin merey naal aao, baroness pulvermature, taan aseen iss mamle 'teey charcha qarr sakde haan, atey shayed, nirvighan, main kujh sikkhan dey yog hoow jawanga kii qee hoiaa haii." iss dey naal, uh atey baroness kilhe witch chaley gaye. jiven hii uh gaib hoow gaye, lady nogs neey lyon utte chaah dee mez laee ikk madhu makkhi dee qataar banayi, jiss witch shriman neey hissa liaa. borodial. german rayalti utte lady nagaz dey prabhav baare uss dee utsukta noon kadey vee shaant naheen keeta giaa see. aurat nugs rotty atey makkhan dey patle tukde utte digg paee atey uss neey kiha, "tusin bhukhe laggde hoow." "mainoon bhukh laggi hoee haii", aurat neey kiha. "main uss mahil witch khaana naheen khaa sakda see. tusin ikk bharey hoye chhek witch naheen khaa sakde, tusin janade hoow, bhaven bhojan changa howay. atey ih naheen see. mainoon lagda haii kii ih german honaa chahida haii. iss daa suaad kadey vee saaf naheen see; ih hamesha sanghani suaad atey chiknai vaala hunda see." sriman jee. borodial neey uss noon cake, dudh atey kareem ditti atey jadon uss neey aapni bhukh puurii qarr laee, taan uh aapni kursi utte waps baith gaee atey kihaau "main waps aaa keey khush haan. tuhanun koee andaza naheen haii kii ih kinna darinda see, billie-hamesha kise daa sabh toon vadhiaa vivhaar." "qee tusin vadhiaa vivhaar karde hoow?"sriman neey kiha. borodial. "haan, ih koee vadda dabaa naheen hovega." aurat nugs aapni kursi utte bahut siddhi baith gaee, atey uss noon bahut shakk naal vekhiaa. "tuhada qee matlab haii?"uss neey kiha. "meraa sabh toon vadhiaa vivhaar bahut changa vivhaar haii." "oh, haan, zaroor-haan, haan", shriman neey kiha. borodial jaldi naal. "shandar! shandar!" lady nagaz ikk assan sathiti witch waps aaa gaee, atey shishtachar dee parampra dey ikk kaude nindanyog birtant witch dubb gaee joe fredrik mahaan toon lae keey catford takk dey saalan witch aaee see. hauli-hauli, bahut saare swalan duaara, shriman. borodial neey uss toon meaningen-shwarin dey gharr witch uss dey tinn dinan dey rahinn deeaan ghatnavan daa ikk anjaan atey asantusht birtant liaa. sabh noon laggda haii kii uss neey kahani noon manoranjak paaiaa, kiunki uss daa chihra poore samein muskarahat naal bharr giaa see; atey uh kaee vaar hauli huss piaa. iss dey ant witch lady nagaz neey kujh chinta naal kiha, "mainoon naheen lagda kii main kujh khaas buraa keeta haii, qee tusin, billie? beshak, uh poodle bahut mazakia lagg rahey sunn, parr main asal witch unhan noon nuksan naheen pahunchiaa, tusin janade hoow." "naheen", sriman neey kiha. borodial, aapni sabh toon niaanik havaa dey naal. "mainoon naheen lagda kii tusin kujh buraa keeta haii. siraf ikk gall ih see kii tusin inne shaant chhote pool witch dhiggan laee ikk bahut vaddi panchhi see." aurat neey uss vall gambhirta naal dekhiaa, uss dey shabdan noon toliaa; firr uss neey kiha, "ih kujh ajiha see. billie, mainoon tuhade baare joe pasand haii, uh ih haii kii tusin cheezan noon samajhade hoow. atey, aakharkar, main kadey vee utthe naheen jaanha chahunda see."uh rook gaee atey firr soch vichaar keeti; firr usne bahut soch naal kihaau" mainoon lagda haii-mainoon lagda haii kii main jaa keey janwaran noon vekhangi. jey chaacha siddhe uss bhiaanak buddhi baroness toon aaunda haii, taan uss noon cheezan daa kaafi galat vichaar hovega, qee tusin naheen janade?" "mainoon lagda haii kii ih theek rahega", shriman neey kiha. borodial; atey aurat aapne paltu janwaran noon vekhan laee tabele dee disha witch turr paee. sriman jee. borodial chupp hoow keey baitha atey ikk horr ciggert saad ditti. doou vaar uh bahut ziaada santusht muskaraunda see, kiunki uh agle chauvi ghantiaan dey ander miss caldecoat dee vaapsee dee bhaal qarr riha see. uss neey ciggert peenee khatam qarr laee see, atey dooje raste toon addha raste 'teey see, jadon gaddi kilhe dey pravesh duaar' teey aaee; pardhan mantri neey baroness pulvermature noon iss witch paa ditta, atey jadon uh utthon lae gaee, taan jaldi naal lyon toon hethan uss vall aaa giaa. jiven hii uh nede aaa riha see, shriman. borodial neey dekhiaa kii uss dee aam tang havaa pahilan naalon vadhere tang see. uh ikk kursi utte digg giaa atey chikiaa, "felicia hairan curran vaala vivhaar qarr rahee haii-ghinauna!" "iss vicchon kujh vee naheen", shriman neey kiha. borodial chupchap. "kiven-qee? parr uss neey keeta haii, "pardhan mantri neey kiha. "uh naa siraf shararati rahee haii, balki skaratmak taur 'teey bebuniaad vee rahee haii. uss neey rajkumari vilhalmina noon ikk talaa witch sutt ditta; uss neey uss utte siaahi daa chhidkaa keeta atey uss neey aapne vaal sabh toon dardan bharey dhang naal khiche. iss toon ilava, uh naa siraf baroness pulvermature laee, balki rajkumar atey rajkumari laee vee sabh toon ziaada apmanjanak see." "shriman neey kiha, "ajiha lagda haii kii baroness pulvermaker neey aapni aatma noon bojh toon mukat qarr ditta haii. borodial. "haan, uh iss mamle witch kaafi spasht atey khullhi rahee haii." "theek haii, merey hisse laee", shriman neey kiha. borodial neey kiha, "main uss dey khulhepan 'teey ziaada bhaar naheen paunda. joe hoiaa uss baare main lady felicia dey sanskaran noon tarjih dinda haan. aseen janade haan kii uh sacch boldi haii atey saade cole ih vishwas curran daa koee caarn naheen haii kii sacch bolna ikk german aadat haii. mainoon iss witch bahut ghatt shakk haii kii rajkumari vilhalmina naal hoiaan badkismatiaan laee lady felicia zimmevar haii; parr mainoon poora yakeen haii kii uh uss bacche dey badkismat sir utte liaun witch sargaram agent naheen see. uss neey uss noon talaa witch naheen suttiaa. uss neey uss noon paanee deeaan liliaan noon todan daa sujhaa ditta joe iss witch uggdiaan sunn. main mannada haan kii natija lagbhag ikko jiha hovega; parr ikk viakati noon talaa witch suttan atey paanee deeaan liliaan noon todan dey sujhaa witch bahut antar haii. dubara, usne mainoon dassiaa, atey main uss noon mannada haan, kii usne aapne chhote playmate utte siaahi naheen sutti. uss neey uss noon siraf ih sujhaa ditta kii ikk qaala pattern ikk saade laal mez-kappde witch ikk vishal sudhar hovega. atey joe vee siaahi keeti gaee see, rajkumari vilhalmina neey khud keeti. poodles dey mamle witch, usne aapna gunah kabool qarr liaa. parr, aakharkar, usne kuttiaan noon nuksan naheen pahunchiaa. atey jey lock bacchiaan noon poodle, atey clipper, atey talaban atey siaahi naal ikalle chhadd denge, taan uh siraf ajihe natijiaan dee umeed qarr sakde hunn. unhan neey anthakk dridhta naal aapni mahila noon nirvighan rakkhan 'teey zor ditta atey unhan noon siraf aapne aap noon doshi thehrauna haii kii uh unhan laee bahut mazboot saabat hoee. jey miss caldecoat uss dey naal jaandi, jiven kii tusin prastav ditta see, taan iss tarahan dee koee samassiaa naheen hundi." sriman vajon. borodial neey cheezan noon siddha qarr ditta, pardhan mantri daa chihra hauli-hauli saaf hoow giaa. "uss neey kiha, "tusin mainoon joe dassde hoow uh iss mamle noon bahut vakkhra rung dinda haii. "parr main chahunda haan kii uh rajkumar atey rajkumari naal inni beizzati naa kardi. " "shriman neey kiha, "ajiha lagda haii kii ih shayed hii binan kise bhadkahat dey hoiaa howay. borodial. "jahira taur utte, rajkumari neey katte hoye poodles noon vekh keey aapna gussa guaa liaa, atey philicia dey kannan noon dabaun dee koshish keeti." "theek haii", pardhan mantri neey kiha, "miss caldecoat jinni jaldi waps aavegi, ona hii bihtar hovega. qee tuhade cole uss daa pataa haii? mainoon umeed haii kii uh turant waps aaa javegi." "kiunki uh aapne uss asambhav chaache, dakkhni amriki karodpati naal rahi rahee haii, mainoon laggda haii kii uh bhajjan dey bahaane toon khush hovegi. "aah, haan; beresford caldecoat. ikk bhiaanak viakati!"pardhan mantri neey kiha. "bihtar hovega kii tusin uss noon turant phone qarr dio. koee deree naa crow. iss dauran, jadon takk uh naheen aaundi, main khud lady felicia utte nazar rakkhangi."uhanan neey ih gambhirta naal kiha, jiven kii uh imandari naal aapniaan shaktiaan dey daire witch kamm witch vishwas karde sunn. uss muskarahat toon dhiaan hataun laee joe uh roque naheen sakda see, shriman. borodial jaldbazi witch uthhiaa atey kihaau "main turant taar lagaa devanga."atey uh tezi naal gharr chalaa giaa. pardhan mantri neey aapni kursi utte waps jhuk keey saah liaa. gusse witch aaee atey anjaan baroness pulvermaker naal uss dee interview neey ikk vaar firr uss dee imandar zamir noon lady nagaz dey mamle witch uss noon tang curran laee kamm curran laee sett keeta see. ikk vaar firr uh iss swal utte vichaar qarr riha see kii qee uh asal witch ikk chhoti kuddi dee parvarish curran vaala aadmi see, iss tatth toon bilkul anjaan see kii uss dee parvarish naal asal witch bahut ghatt sabndh see. iss vele, ikk ginni-suur dey naal, uh uss dey bechain dhiaan witch aaa gaee. uh uss dey sahmane ikk kursi utte baith gaee atey kihaau "main waps aaa keey bahut khush haan. uss bharey hoye mahil witch ih bhiaanak see. mainoon laggda haii kii unhan neey saara saal kadey vee khidkiaan naheen kholhiaan atey unhan neey mainoon merey bedroom dee khidki khullhi rakkhan toon rokann dee koshish keeti. unhan neey kiha kii mainoon zukam hoow jaanha chahida haii. qee tusin kadey inni murakhta baare suniaa haii? qee tusin khush naheen hoow kii main waps aaa giaa haan?" "pardhan mantri neey aapne lahiraae witch suagat dee koee atikathani naheen karde hoye kiha, "haan. "parr main chahunda haan kii tusin rajkumari naal beizzati naa keeti hundi." "main uss naal beizzati naheen karna chahunda see. main kadey vee bilkul naheen banna chahunda see; parr jadon usne mainoon maariaa, main iss dee madad naheen qarr sakiaa; main asal witch naheen qarr sakda see. atey aakharkar merrie chitthi padhna beizzati see, tusin janade hoow. bahut hii beizzati. atey uh sooran wang khaande sunn. unhan neey sachmuch keeta." "firr vee, mainoon lagda haii kii tusin uss noon ikk changi chitthi likhoge, atey samjhao kii tuhada irada apmanjanak naheen see." "theek haii", aurat neey puurii laparvahi naal kiha. "main likhanga atey samjhaunda haan. main kise vee tarahan bhiaanak jagha toon door hoow giaa haan." iss dauran sree. borodial neey heth likhe telegram noon likhiaa atey bhejiaa seeuuu - uh taar toon khush see, atey uss neey mahisus keeta kii ih miss caldecoat noon uss bahaane noon denh laee kaafi zordar shabad sunn jiss dee uss noon aapne chaache dee chhatt toon turant bachann laee inni buri tarahan load see. beresford caldecoat neey yoorap witch sabh toon bhaide gusse vaale viakati honn dee nirvivaad pratishtha daa anand maaniaa; atey siraf kujh hadd takk faraz dee dridh bhavna neey aapni bhatiji noon aapne gharr lianda. ikk niyam dey roop witch, uh kartavv dee bhavna uss noon ikk vaar witch ikk pandarwade toon vaddh samein laee iss witch naheen rakkh sakadi see. telegram bhej keey, shriman. borodial neey ikk pattar duaara sahaita laee aapni benati noon mazboot karna changa samajhiaa atey uh bahut khushi naal iss noon likhan laee baith giaa. kise dee adarpuran parshansa dey udesh naal gall curran naalon likhna ghatt tasallibakhsh haii, parr ih kujh vee naa curran naalon bihtar haii. chitthi likhna assan naheen see, kiunki, halanki usne kadey vee aapni parshansa daa koee raaz naheen rakkhiaa see, miss caldecoat hamesha iss noon pragat curran deeaan aapniaan koshishan toon bachdi see jaan janchdi see. uh jinne vee aukhe kootnitak pattran dey mahr lekhak sunn, unhan neey aapni pasand dey anusar iss noon chaar vaar likhiaa. ant witch uss neey iss noon poora keeta, atey ih challiaa - uhanan sabh laee joe miss caldecoat shriman toon ikk pattar dee bhaal qarr riha see. borodial, lifafe utte uss dee likhat neey uss noon ikk romanch ditta. iss romanch neey uss noon hairan atey naraz qarr ditta; iss neey uss noon tang vee qarr ditta. uh dhigriaan raahin shriman daa anand lainn laee aaee see. borodial dee uss dee parshansa noon kadey vee lukaiaa naheen giaa, parr uss neey iss noon kadey vee gambhirta naal naheen liaav ajiha karna betuka hunda, kiunki uss dey dostan witch ih changi tarahan samajhiaa jaanda see kii uh ikk ameer patni naal viaah karna chahunda see, jiss daa paisa uss deeaan ichhavan noon agge vadhayega. uss vargi ikk besahara ladki naal viaah daa matlab ikk carrier noon tabah karna see joe inna shandar honn daa vaada karda see. uh iss dharna heth see kii uh uss noon aapne dostan vicchon siraf sabh toon suhavna atey sabh toon manoranjak mannadi see. ih romanch ikk sabh toon dukhdai chetavani dey roop witch aaiaa kii uss deeaan dunghiaan bhavnavan iss mamle witch uss dey vichaar naalon bahut ziaada chintat hoow sakdiaan hunn. turant uss neey ghatto ghatt ikk pandarwade laee patharbaazi witch waps naa aaunn daa sankalap liaa atey uss neey lady nogs noon governance dey aapne ahude dey astife 'teey vee vichaar karna shuru qarr ditta. uh kise vee khushi naal beresford caldecoat naal ikk horr pandarwade rahinn dee umeed naheen qarr rahee see. ih shayed hii kadey hunda see, sachmuch, kii uss neey aapne laee joe shandar mahil banaiaa see, uss witch bhojan tutte hoye khuraki saaman dey hadse toon prabhavit hoye binan langhda see; atey ih tatth kii gharr witch naukran daa nirantar jalus chall riha see, kiunki unhan vicchon koee vee joe kise vee tarahan naal iss dey maalak dey samparak witch naheen aaiaa, ikk hafte toon vaddh naheen riha, jiss naal hond dey aaram witch kujh vee naheen aaiaa. uss dey gusse dey prakop neey uss noon horr naheen daraiaa, parr firr vee uss neey unhan noon tang keeta; atey uss dey iss tatth noon duhraun witch kujh thakaoo see kii uss noon kadey vee uss daa ikk paisa vee labbhan dee zaroorat naheen see. parr firr vee, uss neey uss naal ikk pandarwade bitaun dey aapne iraade noon poora naheen keeta. sriman jee. borodial neey binan kise deree dey uss noon pathran dee patharbaazi witch waps liaun daa sankalap liaa see atey uss neey iss udesh noon poora curran laee koee yatan naheen chaddiaa. uh aapni chitthi dey prabhav baare kujh shakk witch see. iss laee, unhan neey pardhan mantri noon sujhaa ditta kii uh vee unhan noon likhna chahida haii; atey jadon asal witch mahila nugs utte nazar rakkhan dey bhiaanak kamm daa sahmana karna piaa, taan unhan daa dill unhan noon asfal qarr ditta, unhan neey utsukta naal iss sujhaa noon savikar qarr liaa, atey turant likh ditta. uss dee chitthi uss toon baad savere miss caldecoat takk pahunchi jiss utte shriman. borodial aaa gaye sunn. uss noon pardhan mantri laee bahut piaar see, atey uh janhdi see kii mahila naagan baare uss dee chinta kadey vee shaant naheen see, atey uss neey chitthi toon spasht taur 'teey prapat keeta kii ih iss vele gambhir see. aapne naal kujh bahis toon baad uss neey pandarwade laee patharbaazi toon door rahinn daa aapna irada chhadd ditta atey kiha kii uh uss duphir utthe hovegi. uss dey chaache neey uss dey jaldi jaanh dee khabar noon gusse dey bhadkan naal vadhai dittia parr kiunki uss neey iss khabar daa swagat keeta hovega kii uss neey ikk pandarwade, jaan kise horr kisam dee khabar noon, isey tarahan dey bhadkahat naal rahinn daa prastav ditta see, joe naa taan itthe see atey naa hii utthe. uss neey uss noon ikk vaar firr bharosa divaun daa mauka naheen guaiaa kii uss noon uss toon kadey ikk paisa vee naheen milega. yaatra dauran, iss noon aapne dimag toon door rakkhan deeaan sakhat koshishan dey bavjood, shriman noon vekh keey uss neey joe romanch mahisus keeta see, uss dee yaad aaundi haii. borodial dee likhat kujh hadd takk mahattavpuran atey preshan curran vaali see, jadon takk kii uh aapne aap noon ghabraun vaali ghabrahat vargi cheez naal uss noon milann dee udeek witch naheen paundi see. ih ghabrahat iss tatth duaara jaaiz thehrai gaee see kii shriman noon vekhna. borodial neey khud, ikk patthar dee motor-qaar witch uss dee udeek karde hoye, uss dey hatth likhat dey drish naalon uss witch horr vee hinsk romanch bhejiaa. uss toon baad, ih subhavik see kii uss daa swagat thandh naal honaa chahida haii, atey uss noon patthar utte waps aaunn witch koee khushi naheen dikhai jaanhi chahidi. sriman jee. borodial kise vee tarahan uss dee thandh pratee annha naheen see, parr uss neey aapni nirasha naheen dikhai; aapni kudrati, khushhal gunjhaldar hunar naal, uh turant gall curran lagg piaa jiven kii uh waps aaa keey bahut khush haii.

leady nags, pears/adhyayah 7 adhyayah 6 adhyayah 8 a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a 3 shree. borodel ityasya vaktavyam, yadaa leady-nags iteedam catford-prasadam prati prasthitavatee tadaa stonoril-nagarasya nivaasinah shaantih kah iti jaananti iti, paryaaptam satyam iti siddham. parantu yadaa te tatt aasheervaadam praaptavantah tadaa te tatt bhoganti iti tasya shankaa api naa nyunaa sadharita abhavat. sampornadineshu, nugs-mahilaah teshaam saha aasan, parantu alpakalam yaavat, tathaapi tasmin alpakaalasy prabhaawah sheshachaturvimshatighantaasu ujjwalam jaatam; saa sameepasthah, sambhawatah sakriyah, kinchitkrushtaa vaa ashobhaneeyaroopen sakriyah iti sthaayeebhaavah, teshaam jeevanam uttejakasya anishchitatayaha sugandham yuktavaan, idaaneem yadaa saa gatavatee tadaa te ateeva neerasam abhavan. iti vishaye shree. borodel ityanena, mahilaa-nags ityasya anupasthityaa miss-kaldekat ityasya anupasthityaa saha, tathaa cha saha catford-nagarasya anyasya vaartaayaah apekshayaa bahu utkantayaa prateekshate sma iti satyena, vyagrataa sahasram gunitaa abhavat iti. parantu, kevalam tasya eva, eshaa nishchita asha aasit yat, eshaa mahilaa nags asantushtim siddhavatee iti varta bhavishyati iti. chaturthadivasasya aparaahne saha pradhanamantrina saha laan-madhye chayam upavishtavaan, te dwau api nags-miss-kaldekat-ityasyaah mahilayaha upasthityaa asammaanitam bhojanam, kinchitkam nirashajanakam karyam pashyan. te sampoorne dine militvaa adhikaamshaah kaaleshu parishramam kurvanti sma, te achetanataya swakaaryam sveshaam krute nibaddhum sankalpam kurvanti sma. durbhagyataya, ayam sankalpah tatt saadhayat yat te kimapi naa vadanti iti naa dnyaatum shaknuvanti; te cha nishabdatayam dhumrapanam kurwantah upavishyanta. tasya upari vaahanasya garjanam udbhootam, te yathaa utkantayaa pratikshaya te pratyakshanta, yatra vrukshaani samaaptaani bhavanti, tathaa cha udyaanasya praante drave-yaanam anvidnyaatam cha bhavati. samprati tatt vaahanam drushtam, tathaa cha desha-relasthaanakasy paritah utkantayaa prateekshamaanasy prakarasya ryamashekal, kaashta-makkhi iti siddham. tasya uparicchadah chandaihi bharitah aasit, taan drushtvaa sparshayuktasya haasyam prakaasham avaapnot shree. borodel ityasya mukham. pradhanamantrinah netram, tasya abhibhuta-vedanaaroopen, uddeeptasy nimeshadwayaanantaram, purnataya teshu chundaani prati nikshiptam, "nishchayen te cha felicia-chundaani santi!" "te vastutah eva santi", shreeh avadat. borodel iti; tasya swarah kasyaapi ashcharyat muktah aasit, yah alpaha ullekhaneeyah aasit, saha kimapi naa anubhootah iti drushtvaa. "priyam, priyam! etat ateeva vyagram asti!"pradhaanamantri avadat. "rajakumari tam pratyarpayat syaat. kim bhavitum arhati?"saha tvarayaa utthaapayat. "sukhee-christian-balasya sundaraani maargaani spashtatayaa eva abhavan", shreeh ullasitah. borodial. pradhanamantrinah drutagatyaa durgam prati gatavaan, tadanantaram shree. borodel, tasya praveshadvaaram praapya, yathaa maakhi, nags-mahilaam, ekasyaah cha vruttaakaarasy vishaalaam mahilaam cha vikshiptavatee. leady-nags ityeshaa shaanteh aatma-adhikarasya cha praayah aadarsham chitram prastutavatee, yadaa saa smalling-santoshena parichita-drushyasya paritah drushtavatee. pradhaanamantreeh kevalam tatt drashtum samayam praapnot yat saa bruhadee, vruttakarya, praayah stariyaa cha aasit, saa etaavat teevratayaa shvaasocchvaasaa aasit, yadaa tasya bhanchyaha tam atyantam snehapradarshanena aalinganam karoti sma, yat stree-hrudaye aparaadhabodhasy prabhaawah kadaa kadaa naa bhavati. pradhanamantrinah tasyaah aalinganam spashtatayaa nishkapataroopen pratyaavartya, chintite asantushtaswaram avadat, "kim karanat punaraagacchat? asya kim arthah?" mahilaa nags, akshepatmaka-dhvanyaam, "aham punah aagantum naa yachyami. rajakumari preshitaa-" "aham beroness pulvermature" iti, bruhadee, golakiya mahilaa uttame ugratayaa bhagnavatee. "tathaa cha asya arthah kim iti. zat ees vaan barbarian chaild! vaan leadle-savage! saa pratyekasya vaayoh z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-z-za zaare ees naat vaan 'err left! naa, naa vaayuh!" pradhaanamantri, bruhadee, swarayuktaa mahilaam purnataya vismayena abhakshyt. asya gambhirasya, ushnasya cha vyaakhyaayaah ekam padam saha naa samajanat. parantu tasya bhaginee swasyaah vishishtatam etaadrushee prakatayt iti saha alpatayaa jaanaati sma, yat pratyekam avasaraat api saha kadaapi vyapagatah naseet, saha avadat, "priyam, priyam! etat ateeva vyagram asti! kim jaatam? aham naa samajaanaami!" saa mahilaa nags vijaya-vayuna baroness ityasya upari pratyagatva chitvaa, "tatra! jananam patranam hastakshepat kim bhavati iti bhavaan pashyati. yadi bhavaan mama patram asammanena pathitvaa cha vicchinnam naa karoti tarhi chacha poodles ityasya vishaye jaanaati sma. idaaneem saha naa karoti!" "saa kshauram jye poodles-jye poodles jye bringes!"baroness palvarmaachar ityayam api adhikoshnatayaa vilaapayat, dakshinasya prathama-madhya-angulyabhyam swa vaamahastasya hastam raap krutvaa, tejena drutatayaa cha shiraha mundanam krutvaa tasyaah artham spashtekrutavatee. pradhanamantrinah tasyaah upari itoapi adhikatayaa vismayena drushtavaan, "parantu bhavaan poodles ityasya kshauram karoti." "parantu saa z taab-nodes tathaa z ruffs ityetaan kshauram akarot. zaare ees naat vaan 'err! naa, naa vaan!" pradhanamantrinah swasya daadham drudatayaa graheet, tam graheet cha. "tathaa cha zat ees sarvaan mundanam karotu!"baroness agacchat. "saa zena-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala-jala - saa svavastram syangayt!" "eshaa dushtakathaa! dwau api dushtakathaah santi!"saa mahilaa vishaalen nyayena cha krodhena nags iti chitavatee. "murkham balika svayameva ubhayam akarot!" "vones morr-vones morr" iti, bhayasy nirashayaha cha antimaswarayoh, beroness ityenam chitvaa, saa jey brinzes vilhelminaa ityenam sealy leadle-balika iti abhinindayat." "sambhawatah, yadi leady felicia eteshaam rochakanam ghatananam vivaranam swasyaah krute dadati, tarhi kim ghatitam iti vishaye vayam adhika-yathaarth-vichaaram nirmaatum shaknuyaat", shreeh avadat. borodel ityeshaa, tasyaah bhaavaanaam himsaayaah karanat baroness iteedam paaragaman-nishshabdam yaavat nyunikrutam iti tathyasya laabham praapnot. "poodles ityetaan vihaay, tatt mama doshah naseet. vastutah te atra videsheeyaah naa drushyante sma "iti saa nugs iti, vishaalah parantu naa tu spashtah iti avadat. "rajakumari vilhelminaa jala-lillis ityetaani sangruhantee aasit, saa cha praayah svayameva jalaashaye patitaa. yah kashchit api bhavet. aham tasyaah syaam naa krutavaan. saa svameva swakeeyam swakeeyam. saa kevalam mejaihi vastrasya upari krushnaroopaani nirmaati sma. mejaihi vastram raktavarnam aasit." "prashamsaneeyam karanam", shreeh avadat. borodial. "parantu bhavatah laghu-sahacharasy yadaa ete durbhaagyaah abhavan tadaa bhavaan upasthitah aasit iti manyaami vaa?" "playmate!"anantam tiraskaaram krutvaa mahilaa nugs ityayam aarabhat. "bhavaan tasyaah naatakam drashtum shaknoti sma! saa naa jaanaati katham!" "parantu yadaa ete durbhaagyaah tasyaah prati abhavan tadaa kim bhavaan upasthitah aasit?"shree. borodel, svavishayam prati anuraktavaan. "haam, avashyam aham tatra eva aasit. aham anyat kutra bhavitavyam?"mahilaa nugs iti avadat. "parantu aham tasyaah syaam naa krutavaan. saa svameva swakeeyam swakeeyam. aham tam jalaashaye naa visarjitavaan. saa antah patitaa. aham krutavaan iti kathayitum eshaa dushtakathaa asti." "tathaa poodles vishaye?"shree. borodel, anveshanam anudhaabanam. "tebhyah buddhivaryanam praninam kim jaatam?" mahilaa nags ityasya mukham swaccham jaatam, saa cha hasat, yadaa kashchan ekaha manyamaanah manoranjakah cha ghatana smaryate sma. "tau tu, te tu haasyakrutaah drushyante sma", saa angeekrutavatee. "parantu te katham drushyante iti kimartham jaanaami? etaan sarvaan cha cha kalpanarahitan te uttamaah drushyante iti yah vichaaram krutavaan, ataha vayam taan khanditavantah. parantu te naa krutavantah, murkhatapurnani! te ateeva haasyakrutaah drushyante sma."tathaa cha swamanasya sammatam chitram drushtvaa saa punah hasat. "tathaa cha zaay iti zhe brins tathaa brins ityetayoho anukoolah asti. zere ees naat vaan 'err left!"baroness, punah ekavaaram ashrupriyena, udvegajanakena cha gambhirataya swaluptasya bhaaram agruhnaat. shree. borodel ityeshah achiraat kshiptanam pashunam chitram drushtavaan, saha mruduhu hasitavan. pradhaanamantri beroness pulvermature ityatah leady-nags ityatah, leady-nags ityatah beroness-pulvermature ityatah cha, duhkhatar-vayuna drushtavaan. "tatah kim jaatam?"shree. borodial. "oho, tatah-tadaa rajakumari atyantam kruddhaa abhavat", saa nags ityeshaa avadat. "yathaa mama doshah. yadaa poodles ityete sarvatra kshauritaah bhavanti tadaa ete haasyakrutaah drushyante iti kimartham jaanaami? saa maam aagantum uktvaa, mahyam prahaarayitum prayatate sma. aham atyantam kruddhah. tathaa aham bahu ashishtah iti manyaami. parantu saa mahyam prahaarayitum naa prayatate sma." "saa uddhatavatee! ayyo, aham aham!"baroness rodayat. saa vayuna hastam dolayat. saa nags-mahilaa, parama-tiraskaaren, rajakanya prati drushtaa, svashvaasasya adhah kinchitvaa, "guptam karotu!" "kim bhavaan ashishtah aasit?"shree. borodial. "aham kevalam vadaami yat aham gatvaa prasanah asmi, yatah te apraamaanikajanaah aasan, shookaraani iva bhoktum arhanti sma. te tu mama patram pathan, maama, tatah saa tam chaptavatee. te shookaraani iva bhoktum arhanti "iti saa drudatayaa avadat. "priyam, priyam! etat ateeva vyagram asti!"pradhaanamantri avadat. "hey felicia, tava vruddhaan naa aahvayitum kiyat praavashyam yushmabhyam vadaami-kintu tatra yushmabhyam bhashanam nishphalam bhavati. yadi tvam mama sangatah aagaccha, beroness palvarmaachar, tarhi vayam vishaye charchaam kartum shaknumah, sambhawatah, aviratatayaa, kim ghatitam iti kimapi dnyaatum shaknomi." tena saha saha, rajakanya cha durgam pravishtavantah. yadaa te adrushyanta, tadaa leady-nags ityeshaa laan ityatra chaya-table krute madhumakshinam panktim niramaat, yasmin shreeh upasthitah aasit. borodial. german-rajaparivarasya upari leady-nags ityasya prabhaavasya vishaye tasya jijnaasaa kadaapi naa samapta. saa nags-mahilaa, alpam ruti-shleshma cha patitaa, tatt tu tu tu atyuccham iva drushyate, saha avadat, "tvam kshudhaa drushyate." "aham kshudhaa asmi" iti saa nugs iti avadat. "aham tasmin prasade bhojanam kartum naa shaktavaan. bhavaan naa jaanaati, bhojanam uttamm syaat api naa, bhavaan naa bhoktum shaknoti. naa aasit. aham manyate yat saha german-bhashayam aasit iti. tasya swaadah kadaapi swacchah naseet; saha sarvadaa gaadah ruchiyuktah, chikanamuktah cha aasit." shree. borodel ityeshaa tam keck, ksheeram, kreem ityetaih cha praavartayat; yadaa saa kshudhaa truptaa abhavat tadaa punah kurchimadhye upavishya avadat-"punah aagaty aham prasanah. bhavaan naa jaanaati yat tatt kiyat krooram aasit, bilee-sarvadaa sarvottamam vartanam bhavati." "bhavaan uttamah vyavahaarah asti vaa?"shree. borodial. "haam; eshah mahattaram klesham naa sahati." saa nags-mahilaa swapeethe atyantam soochyate upavishya, atyantam samshayena tam drushtavatee. "kim vadati?"iti avadat. "mama uttamah vyavahaarah ateeva uttamah vyavahaarah asti." "oho, haan, avashyam-haan, haan", shreeh avadat. borodile iti sheeghram. "utkrushtam! utkrushtam!" leady-nags punah sulabha-mudrayam nimagnataam, fredrick-da-gret-taha catford-paryantam varshaanuvarshebhyah adhah aagatyaam shishtachara-paramparayaha katu-nindaniya-vruttaante nimagnataam cha. alpena alpena, prashnaih, shree. borodel ityeshaa, maningan-schwerin ityasya gruhe tasyaah dinatrayanam nivaasasya ghatanaah, asammaanit-asangata-kathanam avalambayat. sarwebhyah prateeyate sma, saha kathaa manoranjakaroopen drushtavaan, yatah tasya mukham sarvatra smail-ityanena prafullitam aasit, saha bahuvaaram mrudu-haasyam akarot. ante nags ityeshaa mahilaa kinchitkrushtyaa uktavatee, "aham kimapi vishesham dushtam naa krutavaan iti naa manyate, bilee? nihsandehe te poodles atyantam haasyam manyante sma, parantu aham vastutah taan naa vranitam, bhavaan jaanaati." "naa", shreeh avadat. borodel, tasya nyayasangat-vaayuh. "aham naa manyate yat bhavaan kimapi atyantam dushkrutyam krutavaan iti. kevalam ekaha eva vishayah aasit yat bhavaan atyantam vishaalah prastarakhanda aasit yat etaadrushe shantasya laghupoone patati sma." saa nags-mahilaa tasya vachanaani bharya gambhirataya drushtaa, tatah saa avadat, "tatt tathaiva aasit. bilee, bhavatah vishaye mayaa yat rochate tatt tu bhavaan vishayeshu jaanaati. antatah, aham kadaapi tatra gantum naa icchaami."saa viraamam krutvaa punah chintayat; tatah saa atyantam chintayaa uktavateeh" aham chintaami-aham chintaami yat gatvaa pashunam darshanm karishyati iti. yadi kaaka tasya bhayanakat vruddhaayaah baroness ityatah sakshat aagacchati tarhi tasya vishaye sarvathaa bhrantihi bhavishyati, kim naa jaanaati?" "aham manyate yat samyak bhavishyati", shreeh avadat. borodel iti; tathaa cha mahilaa nags ityeshaa swapaalam drashtum ashvashalam prati gacchatee. shree. borodel ityeshah nishcheshtah upavishya aparam cigaret prajwaalayat. dvivaaram saha atyantam santushtena smrutyata, yatah saha agrime chaturvimshatighantaasu miss-kaldekat ityasya pratyaagamanam anvishyata. saha dhumrapanam samaptavan, aparasya madhyabhagat aasit, yadaa vaahanam durgasya praveshadvaaram prati aagatam, tadaa pradhaanamantri baroness pulvermature ityenam tatra sthapitavan, yadaa saa prasrutah tadaa twaraam laan-madhye tasya prati aagacchat. yadaa saha sameepam aagacchat, shree. borodel ityeshah drushtavaan yat tasya samanyaha shushkavaayuh poorvaat apekshayaa adhikah vyathitah aasit iti. saha kurchyaam nimagnah, chitavaan, "felicia-eshaa aashcharyakararoopen-ghrunayaa-vartamana asti!" "naa tu tu alpam", shreeh avadat. borodile nishshabdataya. "katham-kim? parantu saa saa asti ", pradhaanamantri avadat. "saa naa kevalam dushtah, apitu sakaratmakarupena avivekee cha aasit. saa rajakanya vilhelminaa ityenam jalaashaye nikshiptavatee, saa tam shaayi-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shleshma-shlehe. api cha, saa naa kevalam beroness palvarmekar ityasya krute, apitu rajakumarasya rajakumari cha krute atyantam uddhatavatee aasit." "beroness palvarmaachar swatmayaha bhaaram apasarayat iti drushyate", shreeh avadat. borodial. "asti, saa asmin vishaye bahu spashtatayaa, muktatayaa cha vartitaa asti." "mama krute", shreeh avadat. borodel, "aham tasyaah muktataayaam adhikam bhaaram naa dadaami. kim jaatam iti mahilaa-felicia ityasya samskaranam mayaa rochate. saa satyam vadati iti vayam jaaneemah; satyam avadat iti german-bhashayaha abhyaasah iti vishvasayitum asmakam kimapi karanam naasti. rajakumari vilhelminaa ityasyaah durbhagyasya krute felicia iti mahilaa eva uttaradaayi iti mama atyalpah sandehah asti, parantu mama nishchayah asti yat saa tasya baalakasy durbhaagyapoornasy shirasy upari taan aanayanti sakriyah pratinidhihi naseet iti. saa tam jalaashaye naa visarjayat. saa tatra vardhamana jala-lillis ityetaani chutum soochayat. parinaamah vyaavahaarikaroopen samaanah bhavishyati iti aham angeekaromi, parantu vyaktim jalaashaye nikshiptum jala-lilly-pushpaan cha kshunnum soochayitum mahat antaram asti. punah saa mahyam avadat, api cha aham tam vishvasaami yat saa swasyaah laghu-sahacharasy upari syaahee naa visarjayat iti. saa kevalam tam soochitavatee yat krushnaroopam saadaa-rakta-mejai-vastrasya vishaalah sudhaarah bhavishyati iti. yaan saa shankhaa krutavatee saa rajakanya vilhelminaa swasyaah krutavatee. poodles ityasya vishaye saa aparaadham angeekrutavatee. parantu, antatah saa kutraan naa vranayat. yadi janaah balan poodles, clippers, pushkaraah, shaayi cha saha ekaakinyam vadanti, tarhi te kevalam etaadrushaani parinaamaani eva apekshante. te swamahilaa facilia-varyam nirdayeeroopen sthaapayitum avishraanten samyatataya aagraham akurvan, tathaa cha saa teshaam krute atishaktishaalinee iti te kevalam svameva dosham kurvanti. yadi miss-kaldekat saa saha gataa tarhi, yathaa bhavaan prastaawat, etaadrushee samasyaa naa jaata." yathaa shree. borodel ityeshah vastooni niruktavaan, pradhanamantryaha mukham kramena swaccham abhavat. "tvam mayaa yat vadasi tatt vishaye ateeva bhinnam varnam sthaapayati" iti saha avadat. "parantu saa rajakumarasya rajakumaryaha prati etaavat uddhatata naa aasit iti mama icchaa asti. " "etat praayah apreritam eva aasit iti drushyate", shreeh avadat. borodial. "drushyatah, rajakumari, shrone-poodles ityetaan drushtvaa, swairyam vyagravatee, tathaa cha feeleesia-ityasyaah karnam nug-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey-leey" "uttamm", pradhaanamantri avadat, "yathaa sheeghram miss-kaldekat punaraagacchati, taavat uttamm. bhavatah sameepe tasyaah pataa asti vaa? saa tatkshanameva punaraagamanam kartum shaknuyaat iti asha." "yatah saa tasyaah asaadhyasya mamena, dakshinamerikadeshasya millioner ityanena saha nivasati, ataha aham chintayishyaami yat saa palayanasya bahkaarena prasanah bhavishyati iti. "aaha, haan; beresford kaldekat. bhayanakah vyaktihi!"pradhaanamantri avadat. "bhavaan tatkshanameva tam tam daatum shaknoti. vilambam maa karotu. etaavat yaavat saa naa aagamishyati taavat aham swayam felicia-mahilaam nirikshami."saha etat gambhirataya avadat, yathaa saha nijashakteh paridheye kaaryam pramanikataya vishvasitavaan. saha naa samyantum shaktavaan smrutyah dhyanam virajya, shree. borodel iti sheeghram utthapayitva avadat, "aham tatkshanameva tam tam karishyaami."saha drutagatyaa gruham gatavaan. pradhanamantrinah peetham namya deerghanishwaasam krutavaan. krodhitayaa adamyayaa cha beronus palvarmaachar ityanena saha tasya sakshatkaraha, mahilaa-nags ityasya vishaye tam vyathitum kaaryam kartum swasya vivekapoorn-manassaakshim punah ekadaa sthapitavan. saha punah ekavaaram prashnam chintayan aasit, saha kim vastutah balika paalayitum yogyah purushah aasit, tasya paalan-poshanena saha tasya vastutah atyalpah sambandhah aasit iti satyaat sarvathaa adnyah aasit. samprati, ginee-shukarena saha saa tasya aswastha-dhyanam praavartat. saa tasya sammukhe kurchyaam upavishya avadat, "punah aagaty aham ateeva prasanah asmi. tasmin prakshubdhaprasade tatt bhayanakam aasit. te varshaante kadaapi janaan naa udghaatayanti iti mama vichaarah asti; tathaa cha mama shayanakashasy janaan udghaatayitum te naa vilambayan. te avadat yat mama sheetah bhavet iti. kim bhavaan kadaapi etaavat murkhatapurnam kimapi shrutavaan? aham punah aagacchan iti kim tvam naa harshah?" "haam", pradhaanamantri swaswarasya atyuccha-svaagata-bhaavam vinaa avadat. "parantu aham icchaami yat tvam rajakanya prati uddhata naa aasit." "aham tasyaah prati uddhatatvam naa icchaami. aham kadaapi naa bhavitum icchaami, parantu yadaa saa mahyam praharam karoti tadaa aham tatt naa kartum shaknomi, aham vastutah naa kartum shaknomi. antatah mama patram pathitum asammanakaram jaatam, bhavaan jaanaati. ateeva asammanakaram. te shookaraani iva khaadant. te yathaa, yathaa." "tathaapi, aham manyate yat bhavaan tasyaah krute ekam sundaram patram likhitvaa, bhavaan uddhatatvam naa icchati iti spashtam karotu." "theekam" iti mahilaa purnataya udasinataya avadat. "aham likhaami, vyaakhyaam cha karishyaami. aham tu bhayaat sthanat eva vilambam akarot." etasmin samaye shree. borodel ityeshah nimnalikhitam tanti-sanketam likhitavaan, preshitavaan cha aasith - tamyena saha prasanah abhavat, tathaa cha saha nishchayah cha aasit yat tatt, miss kaldekat ityanaya, tasyaah mamayaha chhataat tatkshanameva palaayanam kartum etaavat durgunam aavashyakam syaat iti bahvaanam daatum paryaaptam drudham vaakyam aasit iti. berasfard kaldekat ityayam europe-deshasya atyantam krodhitah purushah iti apratirodhya-pratishtaam praapnot, kevalam kinchitkalam drudha-kartavyabodhah eva svabhratya swagruham aanayat. niyamaanugunam, kartavyabodhah ekavaaram yaavat ekavaaram yaavat tasyaah krute naa sthaatum shaknoti sma. tanti-sanketam preshitavaan, shree. borodel ityeshah patradwara sahayyartham swasya prarthanam balapramanam kartum samyak chintayat, saha atyantam anandena tatt lekhitum upavishyata. sammanapurna-prashamsaayaah vishaye vaartaalaapasy apekshayaa lekhanam nyoonam santoshakaram bhavati, parantu shunyasya apekshayaa uttamm. patrasya lekhanam sulabham naa aasit, yatah yadyapi saha kadaapi swasya prashamsaayaah rahasym naa krutavaan, tathaapi miss kaldekat sarvadaa tasya vyakteekaranasya prayatnaan naa niroodavatee vaa. kathina-kootaneetik-patranam nipunah lekhakah yathaa saha aasit, saha swasya ishtanusaram praptat poorvam chaturvaaram etat likhitavaan. ante saha tatt samaptavan, tatt cha dhaavatah - yat sarvam miss kaldekat ityayam shriyutaat patram anvishyata. borodel, lifaafaayaam tasya hastalekhanam drushtvaa tasyaah antah romaancham preshitam. romaancham saa aashcharyy, krushitaa cha, api cha saa aswasthaa cha abhavat. saa digridwara shreem aanandayitum aagatavatee aasit. borodel-varyasya tasyaah prati aadarah kadaapi naa guptah aasit, parantu saa kadaapi tatt gambhirataya naa avalambat-evam kartum asammanakam syaat, yatah saha dhanikena patneem parineetavaan iti tasya mitranam madhye samyak dnyaatam aasit, yasya dhanam tasya mahattvaakaankshaam vardhayishyati iti. svavat daridraa kanyayaa saha vivaahasya arthah vruttijeevanasya vinaashah aasit, yat etaavat utkrushtam bhavitum pratijnaam krutavaan. saa tam kevalam swamitranam madhye atyantam sukhadam, vinodam cha iti manyante iti bhavita aasit. romaancham atyantam apriyam chetaavaneeroopen abhavat yat tasyaah gahanani bhaavaani asmin vishaye saa yathaa kalpayati tadapekshaya adhikam chintitaah bhaveyuhu iti. tatkshanameva saa nyunatinyoonam pakshaparyantm prastar-gruham naa pratyaagantum nishchayat; tathaa cha saa mahilaa-nags-krute swa-paricharika-padasya tyaagapatram api vichaarayitum aarabhat. saa berasford kaldekat ityanena saha anyapaxena saha kasyaapi anandena saha naa sthaatum naa aasham akarot. saha swasya krute nirmitasya bhavyapraasaade bhojanam, bhagna-kraakari-durghatanayaa saa naa vyagrataa, tathaa gruhe sevakaanaam nityayatra aasit iti satyam, yat, yatah teshaam madhye yah kashchit api tasya swaameen saha kasyaapi prakaaren samparke naa aasit, saha ekasaptahaha adhikam naa aasit, tatt vaasasya sukhaya kimapi naa yogayat iti, kadaachit, vastutah aasit. tasya krodhasya prakopah tatah param naa bhayaat, parantu saa tathaapi taan kashtapradm prateeyate sma; tathaa cha tasya punaraavartane kimapi vyathaajanakam aasit yat saa kadaapi tasya ekapatam naa anveshtum arhati iti. parantu saa tena saha pakshavaaram yaapayitum naa icchati sma. shree. borodel ityeshah vilambam vinaa tasyaah punah stonoril-krute praaptum sankalpam krutavaan; tathaa cha saha tatt lakshyam pratikshepayitum kimapi upayam naa nishkaasayat. saha swapatrasya prabhaavasya vishaye kinchitkalam shankitah aasit. ataha saha pradhanamantrim api tasyaah krute lekhitum soochitavaan; yatah yadaa vastutah nugs-mahilayaha nirikshanasya bhayanakam karyam tasya hrudayam viphalam abhavat, tadaa saha utsukataya ukttam soochanam sveekrutavaan, tatkshanameva likhat. tasya patram tatah param praatah miss kaldekat-varyam praapnot, yasmin shree. borodel-janaah aagataah aasan. pradhaanamantri prati tasyaah ateeva preetih aasit, tathaa cha saa jaanaati yat mahilaa-nags vishaye tasya chintaa kadaapi naa shanta aasit iti, tathaa cha patraat saa spashtatayaa dnyaatavatee yat tatt samaye teevram aasit iti. swena saha kinchitkashcha vaadavivaadasya anantaram saa pakshavaaram yaavat stonoril-taha doore sthaatum swalakshyam parityaktaa, tathaa cha tasmin aparaahne saa tatra eva bhavishyati iti tam pratyarpayat. tasyaah maama tasyaah sheeghragamanasy vaartaam krodhasya prakopena abhivaadayat, parantu yatah saa pakshavaaram yaavat, athavaa anyat kimapi varta, tathaiva udrekena, naa tatra aasit, naa tatra aasit iti vaartaam saha abhivaadayat. saa kadaapi swaat ekapantam naa praapsyati iti punah ekadaa aashvastam kartum saha avasaram naa apachayt. yatrayam, tasyaah manaat doore sthaapayitum tasyaah athahaprayasanam sattapi, shree-varyam drushtvaa saa yat romancham anubhavat tasya smrutihi. borodel ityasya hastalekhanam kinchitkalam mahattvapurna, kashtapradm cha aasit, yaavat saa tam sammilayitum nervous-depedation iva kimapi prateekshate sma. saha bhrantihi shriyutasya drushtyaa nyaayyah abhavat. borodel-varyaha svayameva, ekasmin stonoril-motaaru-kaar-madhye tasyaah pratiksham kurvan, tasyaah hastalekhanasy drushyaat api adhikam himsaatmakam romaancham preshitavaan. tatah param tasyaah abhivaadanam shitalataya bhavati, tathaa cha stonoril-ityatra punah aagaty saa kadaapi naa aanandam darshayati iti svaabhaavikam aasit. shree. borodel tasyaah shitalatayaha vishaye kadaapi andhah naseet, parantu saha swasya nirasham naa pradarshayat; swasya swaabhaawiken, aanandapoornen, ugrataayaah kaushalena saha tatkshanameva, yena saa pratyagatva ati-anandita aasit iva bhaashitum aarabdhavaan.

laedi nox, beerez/aththiyayam 7 aththiyayam 6 aththiyayam 8 Â 3 thiru. porodylene arikkai, laedi nox cadeford aranmanaikkuch sendrapoathu, stonorilil vasippavargalukku amaithi endraal enna endru theriyum, idhu poathumaana unmai endru niroopikkappattathu. aanaal avarkal antha aaseervaathaththaip perumpoathu adhai anubavippaarkal endra avarathu santhegam, kuraindha aathaaramattrathu endru niroopiththathu. endhavoru naalilum, penn nox avarkaludan irunththaargal, aanaal oru kurugiya neram, iruppinum antha kurugiya neram meethamulla irupaththu naanku maninaerangkalil pirakaasamaana thaakkatthai aerpaduththiyathu; aval kaiyil irunththaal, anegamaaga surusuruppaaga irunththaal, oralavu menmaiyaana paaniyil surusuruppaaga irunththaal endra nilaiyaana unarvu, avarkalin vaazhkkaiyil urchaakamaana nichchayamatra thanmaiyai saerththathu, ippoathu aval sendruvittathaal avarkal migavum manthamaagivittanar. thiru vishayathil. penn nox illaathathaal miss caltecote illaathathaal mayakkam aayiram madangku athikariththathu; maelum cadefordil irunthu vaeru endha seithiyaiyum vida avar migavum aarvaththudan kaaththirunthaar. iruppinum, antha penn nux thirupthiyalikkavillai endru seithi irukkum endru avar mattumae uruthiyaaka nambinaar. naankaam naall pirpakal avar pirathamarudan pulveliyil theneer aruntha amarnthaar, avarkal iruvarum antha unavaik kandanar, penn nox mattrum miss caltecote iruppathan moolam kavarchchiyattrathu, idhu oralavu aemaattramalikkum vishayam. avarkal naall muzhuvathum ontraaka irunththanar, perumpaalaana neram kadinamaaga uzhaiththanar, maelum avarkal thangal vaelaiyai pinnaal vaika ariyaamalaeyae theermaaniththanar. thurathirshtavasamaaga, inththa theermaanam avarkal paesuvatharku ethuvum kidaikkavillai enbathaik konduvandhadhu; avarkal oru manthamaana amaithiyil thangal sigarettugalaip pugaiththuk kondanar. oru vandiyin iraichchal adhan meethu vediththathu, avarkal putharkal mudivadaiyum pulliyai noakki migavum aarvaththudan thangal kankalaith thiruppinar, maelum pulveliyin vilimbil trive thiraiyidappadaamal oodukirathu. tharpoothu antha vandi kannil padarnthathu, maelum adhu oru naattu rayil nilaiyatthai suttri veriththanamaaga kaatthirukkum oru vagaiyaana marakkattaikal konda eee endru niroopikkappattathu. adhan koorai dirangkugalaal nirambiyirunthathu; avattraip paarththapoathu thodum ulladakkaththin punnagai pirakaasiththathu thiru. porodailin mugam. pirathamarin kankal antha dirangkukalil muzhumaiyaaga irandu nimidangal oaiveduththana, avar athirchchiyoottum vaethanaiyil, "nichchayamaaga avai feliciavin dirangkukal!" "avarkal unmaiyil", thiru koorinaar. porodile; mattrum avarathu thoni aachchariyaththin endha thadayaththilirunthum vidupattathu, idhu kuraivaana kurippidaththakkathu, avar ethaiyum unaravillai enbathaik kandu. "anbe, anbe! idhu migavum soarvaaga irukkirathu!"endru pirathamar koorinaar. "ilavarasi avalaith tiruppi anupiyirukka vaendum. enna nadanthirukka mudiyum?"endru avasarappattu ezhunththaar. "magizhchchiyaana christhavak kuzhandhaiyin azhagaana vazhigal nadanthullana, thelivaaga poathum", endru thiru. perumoochu vittanar. porodile. pirathamar koattaiyai noakki vaekamaaka nadanthu sentraar, adhaith thodarnthu thiru. porodile, mattrum adhan nuzhaivaayilai adainthathu, eee penn nox mattrum oru periya, vattamaana penn oru thaniththuvamaana melliya mugaththai piriththathu. laedi nox oru punnagaikkum thirupthiyudan palakkamaana kaatchiyaich suttri paarkkumpoathu amaithi mattrum suya udaimai pattriya kittatthatta sirantha padaththai valangkinaar. periya, vattamaana penn fluesh seiyappattiruppathai kavanikka pirathamarukku neram mattumae irunththathu, kittatthatta sturtus, aval migavum athigamaaga moochchuth thinarinaal, avarathu marumagal antha aadambaramaana paasaththudan avaraith thazhuviyapoathu, idhu arithaaga illai pennin idhayaththil kuttra unarvin vilaivu. pirathamar thanathu thazhuvalai oru thaniththuvamaana seyalattra paaniyil thiruppik kodutthaar, maelum kavalaiyadaindha amaithiyinmaiyil, "neengkal aen thirumbi vantheerkal? idhan porul enna?" laedi nox, oru manakkasappaana ethirppin kuralil, "naan thirumbi varach sollavillai. ilavarasi anuppinaal-" "naan baranes balvermacker", soodaana kadumaiyaana periya, vattamaana pennil udainththathu. "adhan arththam enna endru paarungkal! inththa visithiramaana kuzhandhai! vaan leadle kaattumiraandittanam! aval ovvoru kaatrin neeraavik kulangalaiyum mottaiyadiththaal! idhu kaattru vittuch sellavillai! illai, vaan 'aer alla!" pirathamar antha periya, kuralvalaiyulla pennaip paarththu migavum thigaiththaar. inththa theeviramaana mattrum soodaana vilakkaththin oru vaarththaiyum avarukku puriyavillai. aanaal, thanathu marumagal thannaip piriththu vaiththiruppathai avar kuraivaagavae arinthirunthaar, avvaaru seivatharkaana ovvoru vaaippudanum, avar orupoathum pazhagavillai; maelum avar koorinaar, "anbe, anbe! idhu migavum soarvaaga irukkirathu! enna nadanthathu? enakku puriyavillai!" laedi nox oru vetrtrikaramaana kaattrudan paaranasaith tiruppi, "angkae! makkalin kadidhangalil thalaiyiduvathan moolam enna varukirathu enbathai neengkal paarkkireerkal! neengkal enn kadidhaththai avamariyaathaiyaagap padiththu, adhai kiliththuvidaavittaal, maama boodles pattri arinthiruppaar. ippoathu avar illai!" "aval shave seitha boodles-chee brinjas boodles!"paranus palvarmacharai innum adhiga veppaththudan azhuthaar, valathu kaiyin muthal mattrum naduththara viralgalaal thanathu idathu kaiyin ullangkaiyai raap seivathan moolamum, veeriyaththudanum vaekaththudanum thalaiyai asaippathan moolamum avaludaiya arththatthai thelivupaduththinaar. pirathamar avalai innum periya thigaippudan paarththu, "aanaal neengkal boodles shave seikireerkal." "aanaal aval shave seithaen sye toop-notes mattrum sye ruffs. idhu kaattru alla! illai, vaan alla!" pirathamar thanathu thaadiyai uruthiyaagap pidiththuk kondaar. "mattrum anaitthu talaiyatti!"paranus thodarnthaar. "aval wilhelminawaik kulaththil erinththaal! aval thann aadaiyil maik poattaal!" "idhu oru ketta kadhai! irandum pollaatha kadhaigal!"anthap penn oru parantha mattrum neethiyaana koopaththudan azhuthaar. "muttaalthanamaana sirumi irandaiyum thaanae seithaal!" "maelum-maelum", endru paranus azhuthaar, thigil mattrum virakthiyin kadaisi uchcharippugalil, aval jeey brincess wilhelminawai oru azhagaana eetti penn endru azhaiththaal!" "oruvaelai, laedi felicia inththa suvarasyamaana nigazhvugalaip pattriya thanathu pathippaik kodutthaal, enna nadanthathu enbathu kuritthu naam innum thulliyamaana yoasanaiyai uruvaakka mudiyum" endru thiru. porodile, thanathu unarchchiyin vanmurai paaranasai oru kadanthu sellum mounaththirku kuraiththuvittathu endra unmaiyaip payanpaduththik kondaar. "adhu enn thavaru alla, nichchayamaaga, boodles pattri thavira. unmaiyil avai avvalavu anniyamaagath theriyavillai ", endru antha penn koorinaar, parumanaaga aanaal thelivattravar. "ilavarasi wilhelmina thanneer-lilligalai sekariththu kondirundhaal, aval muzhuvathumaaga kulaththil vizhunththaal. yaravathu irukkalaam. naan avalukku maii kutthavillai. aval thannaiththaane maraiththuk kondaal. aval mejai-thuniyil karuppu vadivangkalai mattumae uruvaakkinaal. mejai udai sivappu niraththil irunththathu." "paaraattathakka kaaranam", entraar thiru. porodile. "aanaal inththa thurathirshtangal ungkal siriya vilayaattu veerarukku aerpattapoathu neengkal angku irunththeerkal endru naan ninaippathu thavaraa?" "vilayaattu veerarae!"ellaiyattra avamathippaip paarththu antha penn azhuthaar. "aval vilaiyaadiyathai neengkal paarthirukka vaendum! avalukku eppadi endru theriyavillai!" "aanaal inththa thurathirshtangal avalukku aerpattapoathu neengkal angku iruntheerkalaa?"entraar thiru. porodile, thanathu karutthai vaiththirukiraar. "aam, naan angkaeyae irunththaen. naan vaeru engkae irukka vaendum?"entraar antha penn. "aanaal naan avalukku maii kutthavillai. aval thannaiththaane maraiththuk kondaal. naan avalai kulaththil veesavillai. aval ullae vizhunththaal. naan seithaen endru solvathu oru theeya kadhai." "mattrum boodles pattri?"entraar thiru. porodile, visaaranaiyaith thodarkiraar. "antha puththisaalithanamaana uyirinangkalukku enna nadanthathu?" oru sammathamaana mattrum pozhuthupoakku sambavaththai ninaivukoorum poathu, anthap pennin nox mugam thelivaagi, aval siriththaal. "surry, avarkal migavum vaedikkaiyaagath thoantrinar", endru avar oppukkondaar. "aanaal avarkal eppadi iruppaargal endru enakku eppadith theriyum? antha frills mattrum porutkal illaamal avarkal nandraaga irunththiruppaarkal endru yaravathu ninaiththiruppaarkal; enavae naangkal avattrai clip seithom. aanaal avarkal seiyavillai, muttaalthanamaana vishayangkal! avarkal migavum vaedikkaiyaagath thoantrinar."aval manathil ulla aetrtrukkollakkoodiya padaththaip paarththu meendum siriththaal. "mattrum jay enbathu chiin mattrum chiin aagiyavattrin saathakamaanavai. kaattru vidavillai!"endru perumitham konda anthap penn, kanneer vadiththum, asaivuttrum thanathu pulambalin sumaiyai meendum oru murai aetrtrukkondaar. thiru. porodyl thideerendru sithaintha chellappiraanigalin padaththaip paarthaar, avar methuvaaka siritthaar. pirathamar paranus balvermacker muthal laedi nox varaiyilum, laedi nox muthal paranus balvermacker varaiyilum, magizhchchiyattra kaattril paarthaar. "piragu enna nadanthathu?"entraar thiru. porodile. "ooo, piragu-ilavarasi migavum koopamaaga irunththaal", endru anthap penn koorinaar. "adhu enn thavaru poala. boodles ellah idangkalilum mottaiyadikkappattapoathu avai migavum vaedikkaiyaaga irukkum endru enakku eppadith theriyum? aval ennaich sellach sonnaal, ennaith thaakka muyantraal. enakku migavum koopamaaga irunththathu. naan migavum murattuththanamaaga irunththaen endru naan ninaikkiraen. aanaal ennaith thaakka muyarchippathil avalukku endhap payanum illai." "aval murattuththanamaaga irukkiraal! ooo, avamaanam!"endru perumoochchudan azhuthaar. aval oru kaattril kaikalai asaiththaal. antha penn nux antha paaranasai muttrilum avamathippudan paarththu, avaludaiya moochchukku adiyil murumuruththu "marainthu vidungkal!" "neengkal murattuththanamaaga iruntheerkalaa?"entraar thiru. porodile. "naan veliyae varuvathil magizhchchiyadaigiraen endru mattumae sonnaen, aenentraal avarkal avamaanagaramaana makkal, pandrigalaip poala saappidugiraargal. avarkal-avarkal ungkalukku enn kadidhaththai padiththaarkal, maama; pinnar aval athaik kizhiththaal. avarkal pandrigalaip poala saappidugiraargal "endru anthap penn uruthiyaagach sonnaal. "anbe, anbe! idhu migavum soarvaaga irukkirathu!"endru pirathamar koorinaar. "felicia, naan eththanai murai unnidam solla vaendum, unn moopparkalai alaikka vaendaam-aanaal angkae, unnidam paesuvathu payanatrathu. paranus pulvermacher, neengkal ennudan vanthaal, naam inththa vishayaththaip pattri vivaathikkalaam, oruvaelai, thadaiyindri, enna nadanthathu enbathaip pattri naan aethaavathu karrukkolla mudiyum." athanudan, avarum antha paeranaavum aranmanaikkul nuzhainththanar. avarkal kaanaamal poanapoathu, laedi nox pulveliyil ulla theneer maesaiyil thaenee-varisaiyai uruvaakkinaar, idhil thiru kalandhu kondaar. porodile. jerman arasa kudumbaththin meethu penn nox aerpaduththiya thaakkam kuriththa avarathu aarvam endha vagaiyilum tirupthi adaiyavillai. laedi nox melliya rotti mattrum vennai meethu vilunththathu, aethoa oru alavukku vaseekaraththudan irunththathu, avar koorinaar, "neengkal pasiyudan iruppathaagath therikirathu." "enakku passie eduththathu", endru anthap penn koorinaar. "ennaal antha aranmanayil saappida mudiyavillai. unavu nandraaga irunththaalum, neengkal oru adaikappatta thulaikkul saappida mudiyaathu. adhu illai. adhu jerman mozhiyaaga irunthirukka vaendum endru naan ninaikkiraen. adhu orupoathum sutthamaana suvaiyaik kondirukkavillai; adhu eppoathum adarththiyaana suvaiyaagavum, kozhuppaagavum irunththathu." thiru. porodile cake, paal mattrum gream aagiyavattraik kondu avalaip poattaal; aval pasiyai thirupthippaduththiyapoathu, aval naarkaaliyil utkaarnthu, "naan thirumbi varuvathil magizhchchiyadaigiraen. adhu evvalavu mirugaththanamaaga irunththathu endru ungkalukkuth theriyaathu, billie-eppoathum oruvarin sirantha nadaththai." "neengkal sirantha nadathaiyaa?"entraar thiru. porodile. "aam; adhu periya aluththaththai thaangaathu." penn nox thanathu naarkaaliyil migavum neraaga utkaarnthu, theevira santhegaththudan avaraip paarthaar. "enna solreenga?"endru aval sonnaal. "enathu sirantha nadaththai migavum nalla nadaththai." "ooo, aam, nichchayamaaga-aam, aam", entraar thiru. porodile avasaramaaga. "arumai! arumai!" laedi nox meendum oru elithaana nilaikkuth thirumbinaar, maelum frederic thii grade muthal cadeford varai pala aandugalaaka vantha aasaarathin paarambariyaththaip pattriya kasappaana avamaanagaramaana pathivil moozhginaar. padippadiyaaga, pala kaelvigalaal, thiru. porodile miningen-swerin veettil moontru naatkal thangkiyiruntha nigazhvugal pattriya thelivattra mattrum muranpatta kadhaiyai avaridamirunthu pettraar. elloarukkum, avar kadhaiyai oru pozhuthupoakku kathaiyaagak kandaar, aenentraal avarathu mugam muzhuvathum punnagaiyaal eerththuk kondirundhadhu; avar pala murai methuvaaka siritthaar. adhan mudivil laedi nox sirithu kavalaiyudan koorinaar, "naan kurippaaga moasamaana ethaiyum seithaen endru naan ninaikkavillai, illaiyaa, billie? nichchayamaaga, antha boodles migavum vaedikkaiyaagath thoantrina, aanaal naan unmaiyil avarkalai kaayappaduththavillai, ungkalukkuth theriyum." "illai" entraar thiru. porodile, avarathu migavum neethiththurai kaattru. "neengkal ondrum ketta kaariyam seithathaaga naan ninaikkavillai. oray vishayam ennaventraal, neengkal ivvalavu amaithiyaana siriya kulaththil vizha oru periya koozhaangarkal." anthap penn nux avaraip paarththu, avarathu vaarththaigalai edaipoattu, "adhu appadippattathu" endru koorinaar. billie, ungkalaip pattri enakku pidiththa vishayam ennaventraal, neengkal vishayangkalaip purinthukolkireerkal. maelum, naan angku sella virumbavillai."aval nirutthi, meendum sinthiththaal; pinnar aval miguntha sinthanaiyudan sonnaal" naan ninaikkiraen-vilangkugalaip paarththu viduvaen endru naan ninaikkiraen. maama antha payankaramaana vayathaana paaranasidamirunthu neraaga vanthaal, avarukku vishayangkalaip pattri migavum thavaraana yoasanai irukkum, ungkalukkuth theriyadha?" "nandraaga irukkum endru naan ninaikkiraen", entraar thiru. porodile; mattrum penn nox thanathu sellappiraanigalaip paarkka, koodaarangalin thisaiyil nadanthu sentraar. thiru. porodile amaithiyaaga utkaarnthu, mattroru sigarettai aetrtrinaar. irandu murai avar miguntha thirupthiyudan punnagaithaar, aenentraal avar aduththa irupaththu naanku manii neeraththirkul miss caltecattaith thirumbap peruvaar endru thaedik kondirundhaar. avar pugaipidiththa sigarettai muditthuvittu, mattroru paathiyil irunththapoathu, vandi koattaiyin nuzhaivaayilukku vanthathu; pirathamar paranus pulvermature athil vaitthaar, aval eduththuch sellappattapoathu, pulveliyil irunthu avasaramaaga avarai noakki vanthaar. avar arugil vanthapoathu, thiru. thanathu valakkamaana kaattril irunththa kaattru munneppoathaiyum vida athigamaaga irunththathu enbathai porodile paarthaar. avar oru naarkaaliyil moozhgi, "felicia athirchchiyudan nadanthu kolgiraar-aruvaruppaanathu!" "konjam kooda vaendaam" entraar thiru. porodile amaithiyaaga. "eppadi-enna? aanaal avar avvaaru seithaar "endru pirathamar koorinaar. "aval kurumbu mattumalla, nermaraiyaaga avisuvaasiyaagavum irunththaal. aval ilavarasi wilhelminawai oru kulaththil erinththaal; aval maii theliththaal; aval migavum vaethanaiyaana paaniyil thanathu thalaymudi izhuththaal. thavira, avar migavum avamaanagaramaanavaraaga irunthaar, paranus palvarmecharukku mattumalla, ilavarasar mattrum ilavarasikkum kooda." "paranus balvermaker thanathu aanmaavin sumaiyai neekkivittathaagath therikirathu" endru thiru koorinaar. porodile. "aam, avar inththa vishayathil migavum velippadaiyaagavum velippadaiyaagavum irunthaar." "surry, enn pankirku", entraar thiru. porodile, "naan avaludaiya velippadaiyaana velippadaiththanmaikku adhiga edai poadavillai. enna nadanthathu enbathaip pattriya penn feliciavin pathippai naan virumbukiraen. aval unmaiyaich solkiraal enbathai naangkal arivoam; unmaiyaich solvathu oru jerman pazhakkam endru nambuvatharku engkalukku endha karanamum illai. ilavarasi wilhelminavukku aerpatta thurathirshtangalukku penn felicia thaan kaaranam enbathil enakku migak kuraindha santhegam ullathu; aanaal antha kuzhandhaiyin athirshtamattra thalaikku avarkalaik konduvaruvathil aval seyalil mugavar alla enbathil naan uruthiyaaka irukkiraen. aval avalaik kulaththil veesavillai. athil valarntha neer-lilligalai parikka aval avalukku parinthuraiththaal. idhan vilaivu nadaimuraiyil oray maathiriyaaga irukkum enbathai naan oppukkolkiraen, aanaal oru nabarai kulaththil veesuvatharkum, thanneer-lilligalaip parikka parinthuraippatharkum idaiyae periya vidyasam ullathu. meendum, aval ennidam sonnaal, aval thanathu siriya vilaiyaattuth thoazhiyin meethu maii veesavillai endru naan nambukiraen. oru karuppu vadivam oru eliya sivappu mejai-aadaiyai vida oru periya munnaettramaaka irukkum endru mattumae aval avalidam parinthuraiththaal. maelum, seiyappatta anaitthu maikalaiyum ilavarasi wilhelmina thaanae seithaar. boodles vishayathil, aval kuttraththai oppukkondaal. aanaal, aval naaikalai kaayappaduththavillai. makkal kuzhandhaigalai boodles, kiliparkal, kulangkal mattrum maii aagiyavattrudan thaniyaaga vittuvitaal, avarkal aththagaiya mudivugalai mattumae ethirpaarkka mudiyum. thangal penn feliciavai thunburuththaamal vaiththiruka vaendum endru avarkal ayaraatha thayakkaththudan valiyuruththinar; maelum avar thangalukku migavum valuvaaga niroopittaar endru avarkal mattumae kuttram saatta vaendum. neengkal munmozhinthapadi, miss caltecott avaludan sentrirunthaal, inththa sikkal ethuvum irunththirukkaathu." thiru. porodile vishayangkalai neraakkinaar, pirathamarin mugam methuvaaka thelivadainthathu. "neengkal ennidam solvathu inththa vishayathil migavum viththiyasamaana niratthai aerpaduththukirathu", endru avar koorinaar. "aanaal aval ilavarasar mattrum ilavarasiyai ivvalavu avamaanappaduththiyirukkadhukka endru naan virumbukiraen. " "idhu thoondappadaathathaagath theriyavillai", endru thiru. porodile. "velippadaiyaaga, ilavarasi soarntha poodulgalaip paarththapoathu thanathu gopaththai ilanththaar, maelum penn feliciavin kaathukalai norukka muyantraar." "surry", endru pirathamar koorinaar, "miss caltecott evvalavu seekkiram thirumbi varuvaaloa, avvalavu nallathu. ungkalidam aval mugavari irukkirathaa? aval udanadiyaaga thirumbi varuvaal endru nambukiraen." "aval thann saaththiyamattra maamaavudan, thenn america milliyanarudan thangiyiruppathaal, aval thappiyoada oru saakkuppoakkaip pattri magizhchchiyadaivaal endru naan ninaikka vaendum. "aam; perespoardu caltecote. payankaramaana manithar!"endru pirathamar koorinaar. "neengkal udanadiyaaga avalaith thodarbukolvathu nallathu. thaamatham vaendaam. idharkidaiyil, aval varum varai, naan penn feliciavai naanae kankaanippaen."thanathu athikaara varampirkul inththa paniyai avar nermaiyaaga nambuvathu poal, idhai avar muzhu theeviraththudanum koorinaar. avaraal kattuppaduttha mudiyaatha punnagaiyilirunthu kavanatthaith thisaithiruppa, thiru. porodile avasaramaaga ezhunththu, "naan udanadiyaaga kambiyai inaikkiraen."endru koorivittu vaekamaaka veettirkuch sentraar. pirathamar thanathu naarkaaliyil saainthu perumoochu vittaar. koopamadaindha mattrum purinthukolla mudiyaatha paranus palvarmaacharudanaana avarathu nerkaanal, laedi nox vishayathil avarai erichchaloottuvatharkaaka avarathu nermaiyaana manasaatchiyai meendum oru murai amaiththathu. avar meendum oru murai oru siriya pennaik valarkkum manitara endra kaelviyai yoachiththuk kondirundhaar, antha valarppudan avarukku unmaiyil migak kuraivaana thodarbu ullathu endra unmaiyai avar unmaiyil arinthirukkavillai. tharpoothu, oru kinia-pandriyudan, avar thanathu sankadamaana thiyaanangalai udaiththaar. avar oru naarkaaliyil avarai ethirkolla amarnthaar, maelum koorinaar "naan thirumbi varuvathil migavum magizhchchiyadaigiraen. antha nirambiya aranmanayil adhu payangkaramaaga irunththathu. avarkal aandu muzhuvathum jannalgalaith thirakkavillai endru naan ninaikka vaendum; enn padukkaiyarai jannalaith thirapathai avarkal thaduka muyantranar. enakku kulir vara vaendum endru avarkal koorinar. ivvalavu muttaalthanamaana ontraip pattri neengkal eppoathaavathu kaelvippattirukkalaarkir? naan thirumbi vanththathil ungkalukku magizhchchiyae illaiyaa?" "aam", endru pirathamar thanathu kuralil migaippaduththappatta varavaerpu illaamal koorinaar. "aanaal neengkal ilavarasiyai avamathikkavillai endru naan virumbukiraen." "surry, naan avalaik kodumaippaduttha virumbavillai. naan orupoathum irukka virumbavillai; aanaal aval ennaith thaakkiyapoathu, ennaal udhava mudiyavillai; ennaal unmaiyil mudiyaathu. ellaavattrirkum maelaaga, enathu kadithaththaip padippathu avamariyaathaiyaaga irunththathu, ungkalukkuth theriyum. migavum avamaanagaramaanathu. avarkal pandrigalaip poala saappittanar. avarkal seithaarkal, unmaiyil." "iruppinum, neengkal avalukku oru nalla kadidhaththai ezhuthi, neengkal aanavam kaatta virumbavillai enbathai vilakkuvathu nallathu endru naan ninaikkiraen." "surry", endru anthap penn alatchiyaththudan koorinaar. "naan ezhuthi vilakkukiraen. eppadiyoa antha payankaramaana idaththilirunththu naan thappiththuvittaen." idharkidaiyil thiru. porodile pinvarum thanthi ezhuthi anuppiyirundhaar - kambiyil avar magizhchchiyadainthaar, maelum miss kaaldekaattukku thanathu mamavin kooraiyilirunthu udanadiyaaga thappikka avalukku migavum moasamaaga thaevaippadum saakkuppoakkaik kodukkum alavukku adhu valuvaaga vaarththaigal endru avar uruthiyaaka unarnthaar. iroappaavin miga moasamaana manappaanmai konda manithar endra sawal seiyappadaatha narpeyarai perespoardu caltecott anubavithaar; maelum oralavu varpuruththum kadamai unarvu mattumae avarathu marumagalai avarathu veettirku kondu vanthathu. oru vithiyaaga, antha kadamai unarvu avalai oru neraththil oru pathinainthu naatkalukku mael athil vaiththiruka mudiyaathu. thanthi anuppiya thiru. uthavikkaana thanathu vaendukoalai oru kadidham moolam valuppaduththuvathu nallathu endru porodile ninaitthaar; adhai ezhutha avar miguntha magizhchchiyudan amarnthaar. oruvarin mariyaathaikkuriya poattruthalin poruludan paesuvathai vida ezhuthuvathu kuraivaana thirupthikaramaanathu, aanaal adhu ondrumillaamal iruppathai vida siranthathu. anthak kadidhaththai ezhuthuvathu elithaanathu alla, aenentraal, avar thanathu poattruthalai orupoathum ragasiyamaaga vaiththirukavillai entraalum, miss caltecote eppoathum thappitthuvittaar allathu adhai velippaduththuvatharkaana avarathu muyarchigalaich sothiththaar. kadinamaana raajathanthira kadidhangalai ezhuthiya tiramaiyaana ezhuththaalar, avar adhai thanathu viruppaththirku varuvatharku munbu naanku murai ezhuthinaar. iruthiyaaka avar adhai muditthaar, adhu oodiyathu - aenentraal cultecott thiru oru kadithaththaith thaedik kondirundhaar. porrodyl, uraiyil avarathu kaiyeluththu paarvai aval vazhiyaaga oru silirppai anuppiyathu. antha silirppu avalai aachchariyappaduththiyathu mattrum erichchaloottiyathu; adhu avalai amaithiyattrathaaka kooda seithathu. pattam pettru, thiru. avarkalai magizhvikka vandhirunthaar. porodailin avalaip pattriya poattruthalai orupoathum maraikkavillai, aanaal aval adhai orupoathum theeviramaaga karudhavillai avvaaru seivathu abaththamaanathu, aenentraal avar oru panakkaara manaiviyai tirumanam seithu kolvaar enbathu avarathu nanbarkalidaiye nanku purinthu kollappattathu, avarathu panam avarathu latchiyangkalai athikarikkum. thannaip poantra oru panakkaara pennudan tirumanam enbathu migavum puththisaaliththanamaaga irukkum endru uruthiyaliththa oru thozhilai aliththathaik kurikkirathu. thanathu nanbarkalil avarai migavum inimaiyanavar mattrum migavum pozhuthupoakku seibavar endru mattumae karudhuvathaaga aval unarnththaal. aval ninaitthathai vida avaludaiya aalamaana unarvugal inththa vishayathil migavum akkarai kondirukkalaam endra migavum virumbaththagaatha echcharikkaiyaaka inththa silirppu vanthathu. udanadiyaaga avar kurainthathu oru pathinainthu naatkalukku stonorilukkuth thirumba vaendaam endru mudivu seithaar; maelum avar thanathu covernus padhaviyai laedi nox-kku rajinama seivathaiyum pariseelikkath thodangkinaar. perespoardu kaaldekaattudan innum oru pathinainthu naatkal thangkuvatharku aval endha magizhchchiyudanum ethirpaarkkavillai. avar thanakkaagak kattiyiruntha azhagaana aranmanayil oru unavu, udainththa paarai udaippu vibaththaal aval kuzhappamadaiyaamal kadanthu selvathu arithu, maelum veettil oozhiyargalin niranthara uurvalam irunththathu, aenenil avarkalil evarum adhan ejamaanarudan endha vagaiyilum thodarbu kollavillai, oru vaaraththirkum maelaaga thangiyirukkavillai, vaazhvin vasathiyudan ethuvum serkkavillai. avarathu aaththiramoottalgal inii avalai payamurutthavillai, aanaal avarkal erichchaloottuvathai aval innum kandaal; maelum avar orupoathum avarathu oru baisa kooda thaeda vaendiyathillai endra unmaiyai meendum valiyuruththuvathil soarvaaga irunththathu. iruppinum, avarudan oru pathinainthu naatkal selavida vaendum endra thanathu noakkaththai aval niraivaettravillai. thiru. porodile endha thaamathamum illaamal avalai meendum stonorilukku alaiththuch sella mudivu seithaar; antha mudivai thisaikatta avar endha vazhiyaiyum vittuvidavillai. thanathu kadithaththin vilaivu kuritthu avarukkuch sattrae santhegam irunththathu. enavae, avarum pirathamarukku kadidham ezhutha vaendum endru avar parinthuraiththaar; maelum, penn nox meethu oru kann vaiththiruppatharkaana payankaramaana paniyai unmaiyil edhirkondapoathu, avarathu idhayam avaraith thoalviyadaiyach seithathaal, avar aarvaththudan inththa aaloasanaiyai aetrtrukkondaar, udanadiyaaga ezhuthinaar. avarathu kadidham marunaal kaalai miss kaltekattai adainthathu, andru thiru. porotails vanthuvittathu. pirathamarai avar migavum virumbinaar, maelum penn nox pattriya avarathu kavalai orupoathum oaivedukkavillai enbathai avar arinthirunthaar, maelum adhu tharpoothu kadumaiyaanadhu enbathai kadithaththilirunthu avar thelivaagak kondaar. thannudan sila vivaathangkalukkup piragu, oru pathinainthu naatkalukku stonorililirunthu vilagi irukkum thanathu noakkaththai kaivittar, maelum andru pirpakal thaan angku iruppaen endru koorinaar. aval seekkiram purapatta seithiyai avaludaiya maama koopaththin vedippudan varavaettraar aanaal aval oru pathinainthu naatkal allathu vaeru endha vagaiyaana seithiyaiyum, idhaepoandra vedippudan thanga munmozhintha seithiyai avar varavaettriruppaar enbathaal, adhu ingaeyoa ango illai. avalidamirunthu oru baisa kooda avalukkuk kidaikkaathu endru meendum oru murai avalukku uruthiyalikkum vaaippai avar izhakkavillai. payanaththin poathu, adhai thanathu manathilirunthu vilakki vaika avar maerkonda kadumaiyaana muyarchigal irunththapoathilum, thiru. porodailin kaiyeluththu oralavu mukkiyamaanathu mattrum thontharavaaga irunththathu, aval narambu payam poantra ondrudan avaraich santhikka ethirnoakkukiraal. thiru. avarkalin paarvai antha payaththai niyaayappaduththiyathu. portodile, stonoril motor kaarkalil ondril avalukkaagak kaaththirunthu, avarathu kaiyezhuththup paarththathai vida innum vanmuraiyaana silirppai aval vazhiyaaga anupinaar. athanpiragu, aval vaalththu oru uraintha kulirchchiyaaga irukka vaendum, maelum stonoril thirumbi varuvathil aval endha magizhchchiyaiyum kaattakkoodaathu enbathu iyarkaiyaanathu. thiru. porodile endha vagaiyilum avaludaiya kulirchikku kurudanaaga irukkavillai, aanaal avar thanathu aemaattraththaik kaattavillai; avarathu iyalpaana, magizhchchiyaana moasadiyaana thiramai kaaranamaaga, avar thirumbi vanththathil migavum magizhchchiyadaivathu poal udanadiyaagap paesath thodangkinaar.

laedii nogs, peeres/chapter 7 chapter 6 adhyayam 8 Â 3 mister. laedii nogs catford palescu bayaludaerinappudu, stone-rorloni nivaasitulaku shanti antey emito telusani borodile chesina prakatana taginantagaa nijamani niroopinchabadindi. conny vaaru aaa aasiirvaadaanni pondinappudu vaaru aanandistaarani athani anumanam, takkuva aadhaarapadaledu. yea rojulo ayina, laedii nogs vaaritho unnaaru, conny takkuva samayam, ayinappatikee aaa takkuva samayam migilina iravai naalugu gantalapai prakaasavantamaina prabhavanni choopindi; aame chetilo undani mariyu bahusha churukuga, kontha ekkuva ledhaa takkuva soumyamaina paddhatiloo churukuga undani sthiramaina bhavana, vaari jeevitaalaku uttejakaramaina anischiti yokka masala dinusulanu jodinchindi, ippudu aame vellipoyinanduna vaaru chaalaa nistejamgaa maararu. mister vishayamlo. laedii nogs lekapovadam valla miss caldecott lekapovadam valla dushtudupu veyyi retlu perigindani borodile chepparu; mariyu athanu catford nundi vacchina itara vaartala kante chaalaa ekkuva aatrutato eduruchusadu. ayithe, aaa laedii nogs asantruptikaramgaa niroopinchabadindane vaarta vastundani ayana okkare khachitamgaa anchanaa vaesaaru. naalugo roeju madhyahnam ayana pradhaanamantritho kalisi pacchika bayallalo tii taagutuu kuurchunnaaru, mariyu vaariddaruu aaa bhojanam, laedii nogs mariyu miss caldecott samakshamlo kanipinchakundaa, kontha niraasaparichae vyavaharam anie kanugonnaru. vaaru rojanta kalisi unnaaru, ekkuva samayam kashtapadi panicheesaaru, mariyu vaaru teliyakundaane tama panini venukaku pettaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru. duradrushtavasaattu, eee sankalpam vaariki maatlaadataaniki aemee dorakakunda chesindi; mariyu vaaru oka mandamaina nissabdamlo tama sigaretlanu dhumapanam chestu kuurchunnaaru. oka bandi sabdam daani meedaki vachindi, mariyu vaaru nijamgaa aasaktigala nireekshanhato podalu mugise sthaanam vaipu tama kallu tippaaru, mariyu drive pacchika anchu venta teravabadaledu. prastutam aaa bandi kanipinchakundaa poyindi, mariyu oka graameena railway station chuttoo tadisiginchi vechi unna rakamaina kalapagala eedagaa niroopinchabadindi. daani paikappu trunklatho nindi undhi; vaatini chusinappudu oka chirunavvu prakaasinchindi, shree. borodile mukham. pradhaanamantri kallu aaa trunklapy puurtigaa rendu nimishala mundu, athanu digbhraantikaramaina vedanatho, "khachitamgaa avi felicia trunklu!" anie arichadu." "avi nijame", annadu mister. borodile; mariyu athani swaram etuvanti aascharyam nundi vimukti pondindi, idhi takkuva visaeshamainadi, athanu aemee anubhooti chendaledu. "priyamaina, priyamaina! idhi chaalaa alasataga undhi!"anie pradhani annaru. "yuvarani aamenu tirigi pampinchi undaali. emai undavacchu?"anie athanu tondaragaa lechaadu. "santoshakaramaina kraistava bidda yokka andamaina margalu jarigaayi, spashtamgaa taginanta", mister arichadu. borodile. pradhana mantri vaegamgaa koota vaipu nadicharu, taruvaata shree. borodile, mariyu daani pravaesaaniki cherukoga, fly laedii nogs mariyu oka pedda, gundrani mahilanu vidadeesindi, idhi oka ekaika sunnitamaina mukham. laedii nogs chirunavvutho santruptigaa suparichitamaina sannivesam chuttoo chustunnappudu prasaantata mariyu sweeya-swaadheenaaniki daadaapu aadarsavantamaina chitraanni pradarsinchaaru. pedda, gundrani mahila raktamtho mariyu daadaapu stertorusga undani gamaninchadaaniki pradhaanamantriki samayam matrame undhi, aame chaalaa gattiga oopiri peelchukuntundi, athani menakodalu atanni aaa vipareetamaina aapyaayatatoo kaugilinchukuntondi, idhi arudugaa stree hrudayamlo aparaadha bhaavam yokka prabhavam kaadu. pradhana mantri aame alingananni spashtamgaa paripuurnamaina paddhatiloo tirigi icchi, aandolanato kuudina ashanti swaramtho, "meeru enduku tirigi vacchaaru? dheeni ardham emiti?" laedii nogs, abhyantarakaramaina nirasana swaramtho, "neenu tirigi raavaalani adagaledu. yuvarani pampindi-" "neenu baroness pulvermatcher", pedda, gundrani mahilalo vaedi teevratatoo virigindi. "mariyu dheeni ardham emito ardham! eej vaan barbarian chiled! vaan leadle krooramaina! aame prati gaali yokka jez puudulsnu kshouram chesindi! gaali maatram aagaledu! ledhu, gaali kaadu!" pradhana mantri aaa pedda, gonthu vippina streeni puurtigaa digbhraantigaa chuusaaru. eee gambheeramaina, teevramaina vivaranalo oka maata kooda aayanaku ardham kaaledu. conny thana menakodalu tananu taanu vaeru chesukunnarani, alaa chese prati avakaasamtoe, athanu ennadoo alavaatu padaledu anie ataniki masakaga telusu; mariyu athanu ilaa annadu, "priyamaina, priyamaina! idhi chaalaa alasataga undhi! aem jarigindi? naaku ardham kaaledu!" laedii nogs vijayavantamaina gaalitho baronessni aann chesi, "akkada! prajala lekhalalo jokyam chesukovadam valla emi jarugutundo meeru chuustaaru! meeru naa lekhanu agouravamgaa chadivi, daanini chimpiveyakapothe, maamaku poodles gurinchi telise undedi. ippudu athanu kaadu!" "aame kshouram chesina zhe poodles-zhe poodles off zhe brinz!"baroness pulvermatcher marinta vaedigaa arichadu, kudi vaipuna modati mariyu madhya vellatho thana edama chethi arachetini raap cheyadam dwara mariyu aame talanu utsaahamto mariyu vegamtho thala ooputuu aame ardhaanni spashtam chesaadu. pradhani aamenu marinta gandaragolamgaa chuusi, "conny meeru poodles kshouram chestaaru." "conny aame kshouram chesindi zhe tobe-nodes mariyu zhe ruffs. idhi gaali kaadu! ledhu, vaan kaadu!" pradhana mantri thana gaddanni gattiga pattukuni, daanini pattukunnaru. "mariyu andaruu thala ooputaaru!"aaa rajamma konasaagindi. "aame wilhelmina nuu neellatho kuudina cheruvuloki visirindi! aame thana dustulaku sira vesukundi!" "idhi chedda katha! rendoo dushta kathale!"aaa mahila pedda mariyu nyaayamaina kopamtho arichindi. "aaa verri chinna ammai rendintinee thaane chesindi!" "marinta ekkuva-ekkuva", anie arichindi, bhayanaka mariyu niraasa yokka chivari swaraalalo, aame "zee brinz wilhelmina oka sealy leadle ammai!" "bahusha, laedii felicia eee aasaktikaramaina sanghatanala gurinchi thana kathanaanni isthe, emi jarigindane daani gurinchi manam marinta khachitamaina aalochananu roopondinchagalagaali" anie mister annaru. borodile, aame bhavodvegam yokka himsa aaa baronessnu oka gadiche nissabdaaniki tagginchindani vaastavaanni sadviniyogam chesukundi. "idhi naa tappu kaadu, vaastavaaniki, poodles gurinchi tappa. mariyu nijamgaa avi antha vidaeseegaa kanipinchaledu "anie aaa mahila, peddadigaa conny spashtamgaa kanipinchadu. "yuvarani wilhelmina neeti-lillies sekaristondi, mariyu aame puurtigaa cheruvulo padipoyindi. evarainaa kaavacchu. neenu aamepai sira veyaledu. aame tananu taanu santakam chesukundi. aame table-battapai nallati namuunaalanu matrame tayaaru chestondi. table dustulu erupu rangulo undevi." "prasamsaneeyamaina kaaranam", anie mister annaru. borodile. "conny eee duradrushtaalu mea chinna aatagaadiki sambhavinchinappudu meeru akkada unnaarani neenu anukovadamlo porapaatu undaa?" "playmate!"anantamaina tiraskaaramtoe laedii nogs arichindi. "meeru aame aatanu chuusi undaali! elaa anie aameku teliyadu!" "conny eee duradrushtaalu aameku sambhavinchinappudu meeru akkada unnara?"annaru mister. borodile, thana abhipraayaaniki anugunamgaa. "avunu, neenu akkada unnaanu. neenu inkekkada undaali?"anie aaa mahila arichindi. "conny neenu aamepai sira veyaledu. aame tananu taanu santakam chesukundi. neenu aamenu cheruvulo padeyaledu. aame lopala padipoyindi. neenu chesanani cheppadam oka dushta katha." "mariyu poodles gurinchi?"annaru mister. borodile, vichaarananu konasagistunnaru. "aaa telivaina jeevulaku emi jarigindi?" laedii nogs mukham subhramgaa undhi, mariyu aame navvindi, oka aamodayogyamaina mariyu vinodaatmaka sanghatananu gurthuku tecchukundi. "sarae, avi chaalaa fanniga kanipinchaayi" anie aame angeekarinchindi. "conny avi elaa kanipistayo naaku elaa telusu? aaa aadambaraalu mariyu vastuvulannee lekunda vaaru merugga kanipistaarani evarainaa bhaavinchi untaaru; kabatti memu vaatini kattirinchaamu. conny vaaru alaa cheyaledu, moorkhamaina vishayalu! avi chaalaa fanniga kanipinchaayi."mariyu aame thana manassulo aamodayogyamaina chitraanni chuusi mallii navvindi. "mariyu jay anedi zee brins mariyu brins yokka anukuulamainavi. gaali maatram aagaledu!"thana vilapa bharanni marosari kanneellatho, kadile gambheeratato teesukuntu aaa baroness cheppindi. mister. borodile akasmaattugaa mukkalu chesina pempudu jantuvula chitraanni chuusi, athanu sunnitamgaa navvadu. pradhana mantri baroness pulvermatcher nundi laedii nogs varaku, mariyu laedii nogs nundi baroness pulvermatcher varaku, atyanta asantruptikaramaina gaalitho chuusaaru. "appudu emaindi?"annaru mister. borodile. "oh, appudu-appudu yuvarani chaalaa kopamgaa undhi", anie aaa mahila nogs cheppindi. "adhi naa tappu laantidi. poodles anni chotla kshouram chesinappudu avi antha tamaashaagaa kanipistaayani naaku elaa telusu? mariyu aame nannu vellamani cheppi, nannu kottadaniki prayatninchindi. naaku chaalaa kopam vachindi. neenu chaalaa moratugaa unnaanani anukuntunnanu. conny nannu kottadaniki prayatninchadam aameku ishtam ledhu." "aame pichiwade! oh, avamaanakaramaina!"anie arichindi aaa rajamma. mariyu aame gaalitho chetulu oopindi. aaa laedii nogs aaa baroness vaipu puurtigaa avamanamga chuusi, aame swaasa kinda gonugukundihi "sneak!" "meeru moratugaa pravartinchaaraa?"annaru mister. borodile. "neenu dhooramgaa ravadam santoshamgaa undani matrame cheppanu, endukante vaaru avamaanakaramaina vyaktulu, pandulala tintaaru. mariyu vaaru-vaaru meeku naa lekhanu chadivaaru, ankul; aapai aame daanini chimpivesindi. mariyu avi pandulala tintaayi "anie aaa mahila gattiga arichindi. "priyamaina, priyamaina! idhi chaalaa alasataga undhi!"anie pradhani annaru. "felicia, nee peddalanu pilavavavavaddani neenu ennisaarlu chebutaanu-conny akkada, meetho matladatam panikiraadu. meeru naatho vasthe, baroness pulvermatcher, memu eee vishayanni charchinchavacchu, mariyu bahusha, nirantaraayamgaa, neenu emi jarigindo kontha neerchukoogalanu." daanitoe, athanu mariyu baroness kotaloki vellaaru. vaaru adrusyamainappudu, laedii nogs pacchika bayallalooni tii table kosam theneteegala varusanu tayaaru chesaaru, dheeniki mister hajarayyaru. borodile. german rajakutumbampai laedii nogs prabhavam gurinchi athani aasakti yea vidhamgaanuu taggaledu. laedii nogs konchem utsaahamgaa kanipistuu sannani rotte mariyu venna meeda padipoyindi; mariyu athanu, "meeru aakalitho unnatlu anipistundi." "naaku aakalitho undhi", anie aaa mahila arichindi. "neenu aaa rajabhavanamlo tinalekapoyanu. meeru oka nindi unna randhramlo tinaleru, meeku telusu, aaharam bagunnappatiki kaadu. mariyu adhi kaadu. adhi german ayi undaali anie neenu anukuntunnanu. idhi eppuduu swachchamaina ruchini kaligi undadu; idhi ellappuduu mandapati ruchi mariyu jiddugaa untundi." mister. borodile aamenu cake, paalu mariyu kreemutho tittaadu; mariyu aame akalini teerchinappudu, aame tirigi thana kurcheelo kuurchuni ilaa cheppindih "neenu tirigi vachinanduku santoshistunnanu. adhi entha krooramainado meeku teliyadu, billie-ellappuduu okari uttama pravartana." "meeru uttama pravartana kaligi unnara?"annaru mister. borodile. "avunu; idhi pedda ottidini tattukodu." aaa laedii nogs thana kurcheelo chaalaa nitaruga kuurchuni, atanni teevra anumaanamtho chusindi. "mea uddesyam emiti?"anie aame annaru. "naa uttama pravartana chaalaa manchi pravartana." "oh, avunu, khachitamgaa-avunu, avunu", annadu mister. borodile tondaragaa. "adbhutamainadi! adbhutamainadi!" laedii nogs tirigi sulabhamaina bhangimaloki munigi, frederic dhi grate nundi catford varaku samvatsaraalugaa vacchina maryaada sampradaayam gurinchi teevramgaa avamaanakaramaina vruttaamtamloo munigipooyaaru. kramamga, prasnala dwara, mister. borodile aame nundi mainingen-swerin intlo aame moodu rojula basa yokka sanghatanala gurinchi spashtamaina mariyu vibhedinchina kathanaanni teesukunnadu. andarikee anipinchinatlugaa, athanu kathanu vinodaatmakamgaa kanugonnadu, endukante athani mukham antataa chirunavvulatho nindipoyindi; mariyu athanu chalasarlu sunnitamgaa navvadu. daani chivaralo laedii nogs kontha aandolanato, "neenu pratyaekamgaa edainaa chedu chesanani neenu anukonu, avuna, billie? vaastavaaniki, aaa poodles chaalaa fanniga kanipinchaayi, conny neenu nijamgaa vaatini badhapettaledu, meeku telusu." "ledhu", annadu mister. borodile, thana atyanta nyaayaparamaina gaali thoo. "meeru chaalaa chedugaa aemee chesaarani neenu anukonu. okkate vishayam emitante, meeru antha nissabdamaina chinna kolanulo padataniki chaalaa pedda gulakarallu." aaa laedii nogs atanini teevramgaa chusindi, athani maatalanu baruvugaa chusindi; appudu aame, "idhi alantidhe. billie, nee gurinchi naaku nachinadi emitante, neeku vishayalu ardham avtayi. mariyu, anni taruvaata, neenu akkadiki vellaalani eppuduu korukoledu."aame aagipoyi mallii aalochinchindi; appudu aame chaalaa aalochanatho ilaa cheppindih" neenu anukuntunnanu-neenu velli jantuvulanu chustanani anukuntunnanu. aaa bhayankaramaina paatha baroness nundi maama neerugaa vasthe, ataniki vishayaala gurinchi chaalaa tappu aalochana untundi, meeku teliyada?" "adhi baguntundani neenu anukuntunnanu", annadu mister. borodile; mariyu laedii nogs thana pempudu jantuvulanu chuudataaniki aswasaala vaipu nadichindi. mister. borodile nissabdamgaa kuurchuni, maroka sigaret veliginchaadu. rendusaarlu athanu vipareetamaina santruptito navvadu, endukante athanu tadupari iravai naalugu gantallo miss caldecott tirigi raavaalani chushadu. athanu dhumapanam chestunna sigaretnu puurti chesi, marokadaanilo sagam dhooramlo unnappudu, bandi koota pravesadvaaram vaddaku vachindi; pradhana mantri baroness palvarmecharnu daanilo unchaadu, mariyu aame bayatiki vachinappudu, pacchika bayati nundi tondaragaa athani vaipu vacchaadu. athanu daggaravutundagaa, mister. borodile thana saadhaarana gaali munupennadoo laenamtagaa ekkuva baadhapadutundani chushadu. athanu kurcheelo munigi, "felicia aascharyakaramgaa pravartistondi-heyamgaa!" "konchem kooda kaadu", annadu mister. borodile nissabdamgaa. "elaa-emiti? conny aame chesindi "anie pradhani annaru. "aame kontegaa undatame kakunda, sanukoolamgaa avivekigaa kooda undhi. aame yuvarani wilhelminanu cheruvuloki visirindi; aamepai siraanu chimminchindi; mariyu aame atyanta baadhaakaramaina paddhatiloo thana juttunu laagindi. antekakunda, aame baroness palvarmecharku matrame kakunda, yuvaraju mariyu yuvaraaniki kooda chaalaa anagarikamga undedi." "baroness pulvermatcher thana aatmapai bharanni mopinatlu anipistundi" anie mister annaru. borodile. "avunu, aame eee vishayamlo chaalaa spashtamgaa mariyu bahirangamgaa undhi." "sarae, naa vantugaa", annadu mister. borodile, "neenu aame spashtamaina nishkaapatyatapai ekkuva baruvu pettanu. emi jarigindo laedii felicia yokka samskarananu neenu ishtapadataanu. aame nijam chebutundani maaku telusu; nijam cheppadam anedi german alavaatu anie nammadaniki maaku etuvanti kaaranam ledhu. yuvarani wilhelminaku jarigina duradrushtaalaku felicia anae mahila kaaranamani naaku chaalaa takkuva sandeham undhi; conny aaa bidda adrushtam laeni talapai vaatini teesukuraavadamlo aame churukaina agent kaadani neenu khachitamgaa anukuntunnanu. aame aamenu cheruvulo padeyaledu. andulo perigina neeti-lillisnu kovalani aame aameku suuchimchimdi. phalitam aacharanatmakamgaa okate untundani neenu angeekaristunnaanu; conny oka vyaktini cheruvuloki visireyadam mariyu neeti-lillisnu kovalani soochinchadam madhya goppa vyatyaasam undhi. mallii, aame thana chinna aatagadipai sira veyaledani aame naaku cheppindi, neenu aamenu nammutunnaanu. saadhaarana erupu rangu table-vastraaniki nallati namuunaa chaalaa merugudala anie matrame aame aameku suuchimchimdi. mariyu chesina anni sira, yuvarani wilhelmina swayamgaa chesindi. poodles vishayamlo, aame neeraanni angeekarinchindi. conny, anni taruvaata, aame kukkalanu badhapettaledu. mariyu prajalu pillalanu poodles, clippers, cheruvulu mariyu siraatho ontarigaa vadilesthe, vaaru alanti phalitaalanu matrame aasinchagalaru. vaaru tama laedii felicianu nirdaakshinhyamgaa unchaalani avisraantamaina utsaahamto pattubattaru; mariyu aame tamaku chaalaa balamgaa niroopinchindani vaaru tamanu taamu nindinchavalasi untundi. meeru pratipaadinchinatlugaa, miss caldecott aametho velli unte, eee ibbandi undedi kaadu." mister gaa. borodile vishayalanu sarichesadu, pradhana mantri mukham nemmadigaa clear ayindi. "meeru naaku cheppedi eee vyavahaarampai chaalaa bhinnamaina rangunu testundi" anie ayana annaru. "conny aame yuvaraju mariyu yuvaraaniki antagaa avamanakaramga undakudadani neenu korukuntunnanu. " "idhi etuvanti prerepana lekunda unnatlu anipinchadam ledhu" anie mister annaru. borodile. "spashtamgaa, aaa yuvarani aaa muduru poodles chuusi kopam kolpoyi, laedii felicia chevulanu nokkadaaniki prayatninchindi." "sarae", anie pradhana mantri annaru, "miss caldecott entha twaragaa tirigi vasthe antha manchidi. aame chirunama meeku undaa? aame ventane tirigi vastundani neenu aasistunnaanu." "aame thana asaadhyamaina maama, dakshina america millionaire thoo nivasistunnanduna, aame tappinchukovadaaniki oka saaku chebithe aame santoshistundani neenu anukuntunnanu. "aah, avunu; beresford caldecott. bhayankaramaina vyakti!"anie pradhani annaru. "meeru ventane aameku phone cheyadam manchidi. alasyam cheyavaddu. intalo, aame vachhe varaku, neenu swayamgaa laedii feliciapy nigha unchutaanu."thana adhikara paridhi lopala panini nijaayiteegaa viswasinchinatlu ayana eee vishayanni chaalaa gambheeramgaa chepparu. athanu aapalekapoyina chirunavvu nundi drushtini mallinchadaaniki, mister. borodile tondaragaa lechi ilaa annadu "neenu ventane wire chestaanu."mariyu athanu vaegamgaa intiki vellaadu. pradhani thana kurcheelo tirigi vangi oopiri peelchukunnaaru. kopamgaa mariyu ardham chesukoleni baroness palvarmechartho athani interview marosari laedii nogs vishayamlo atanni baadhapettadaaniki thana telivigala manassakshini amarchindi. athanu marosari oka chinna ammayini penchadaaniki nijamgaa alanti vyaktinaa anae prasna gurinchi alochistunnadu, aaa pempakamtho tanaku nijamgaa chaalaa takkuva sambandham undane vaastavam tanaku teliyadani. prastutam, oka ginia-pandhi thoo kalisi, aame athani asoukaryamaina dhyanalanu viraminchukundi. aame ataniki edurugaa unna kurcheelo kuurchuni ilaa cheppindih "neenu tirigi ravadam chaalaa santoshamgaa undhi. aaa nindina rajabhavanamlo adhi bhayamkaramgaa undedi. vaaru edaadi podavunaa eppuduu kitikeelu teravaledani neenu anukuntanu; mariyu vaaru naa padakagadi kitikeeni terichi unchadaanni aapadaniki prayatninchaaru. naaku jalubu ravali anie vaaru chepparu. intha moorkhatvam gurinchi meeru eppudaina vinnara? neenu tirigi vachinanduku meeru santoshinchadam ledhaa?" "avunu" anie pradhani thana swaramlo atisayokti laeni swaagatam palikaru. "conny meeru yuvarani patla avamanakaramga undakudadani neenu korukuntunnanu." "sarae, neenu aame patla avamanamga undalanukoledu. neenu eppuduu alaa undalanukoledu; conny aame nannu kottinapudu, neenu sahayam cheyalekapoyanu; neenu nijamgaa cheyalekapoyanu. mariyu anni taruvaata, naa lekhanu chadavadam avamanakaram, meeku telusu. chaalaa avamanakaram. mariyu vaaru pandulala tinnaru. vaaru, nijamgaa, chesaru." "ayinappatikee, meeru aameku oka manchi lekha raasi, meeru uddhatamgaa undaalani anukoledani vivarinchadam manchidi anie neenu anukuntunnanu." "sarae", anie aaa mahila puurtigaa nirlakshyamgaa arichindi. "neenu vraasi vivaristaanu. neenu emainappatiki bhayankaramaina pradaesam nundi dhooramgaa vacchaanu." intalo, mister. borodile eee krindi tanthi sandesaanni vraasi pampinchaaduh - athanu vairtho santoshinchaadu, mariyu aame maama yokka paikappu nundi ventane tappinchukovadaaniki miss caldecott kii chaalaa chedugaa avasaramayye saakunu ivvadaaniki adhi gattiga cheppabadindani athanu khachitamgaa bhaavinchaadu. beresford caldecott airopalo atyanta krooramaina swabhaavam kaligina vyaktigaa savaalu cheyani khyaatini pondaadu; mariyu kontha pattubattina vidhi bhavana matrame athani menakodaluni athani intiki teesukuvacchindi. oka niyamam prakaram, aaa kartavya bhavana aamenu oka samayamlo paksham rojula kante ekkuva kaalam andulo unchalekapoyindi. telegram pampina taruvaata, mister. borodile oka lekha dwara sahayam kosam thana abhyardhananu balopetam cheyadam manchidani bhaavinchaadu; mariyu athanu daanini chaalaa aanandamgaa vraayadaaniki kuurchunnaadu. gouravapradamaina prasamsalatho matladatam kante vrayadam takkuva santruptikaramgaa untundi, conny adhi aemee laeni daanikante manchidi. aaa lekha rayadam antha sulabham kaadu, endukante, athanu thana prasamsalanu eppuduu rahasyamgaa unchakapoyinappatiki, miss caldecott ellappuduu tappinchukunnadu ledhaa daanini vyakteekarinchadaaniki chesina prayatnaalanu tanikhi chesaadu. kashtataramaina dautya lekhala rachayitagaa unna ayana, tanaku nachinattu kaavadaaniki mundu naalugu saarlu raasaaru. chivaraku athanu daanini puurti chesaadu, mariyu adhi nadichindih - anni miss caldecott mister nundi oka lekha kosam vetukutondi. borodile, kavarupai athani chetivraatanu chudatam aamelo oka thrilnu pampindi. aaa thrill aamenu aascharyaparichindi mariyu koopaginchindi; adhi aamenu nirutsaahaparichindi kooda. aame degreela dwara, mister aanandinchadaaniki vachindi. borodile aame patla chuupina prasamsalanu eppuduu dachipettaledu, conny aame daanini eppuduu teevramgaa pariganinchaleduh alaa cheyadam asambaddhamainadi, endukante athanu oka dhanavanthuraalaina bharyanu vivaham chesukuntadani, athani dabbu athani aasayaalanu marinta penchutundani athani snehitulalo baga ardham ayyindi. tanalanti nirupeda ammayitho vivaham antey chaalaa telivainadigaa vaagdaanam chesina vruttini naasanam cheyadam. thana snehitulalo atanni kevalam atyanta aahlaadakaramaina mariyu atyanta vinodaatmakamgaa bhaavinche bhaavanalo aame undedi. aame lothaina bhavalu aame anukunna daanikante eee vishayamlo chaalaa ekkuva aandolana chendavachani aaa thrill chaalaa asahyakaramaina heccharikagaa vachindi. ventane aame kaneesam paksham rojula paatu raallatho kuudina bhavananiki tirigi vellakudadani nirnayinchukundi; mariyu aame thana governess padavini laedii nagsku rajinama cheyadaanni kooda pariseelinchadam praarambhinchindi. aame beresford kaldekotto maroe paksham rojulu undataaniki assalu santoshinchaledu. athanu thana kosam nirminchina andamaina rajabhavanamlo virigina crackery krashto aame kangarupadakunda bhojanam cheyadam chaalaa arudugaa jarigindi; mariyu inti gundaa sevakula nirantara ooregimpu jarigindi, endukante vaarilo evaruu daani yajamaanito yea vidhamgaanuu sambandham lekunda oka vaaram kante ekkuva kaalam undaledu, uniki yokka soukaryaanni aemee jodinchaledu. athani kopam yokka udrekaalu aamenu ika bhayapettaledu, conny aame ippatikee vaarini badhapettindi; mariyu aame thana nundi oka paisa kooda vetakaalsina avasaram ledani athanu punarudghaatinchadamlo edho alasataga undhi. ayithe, aame athanitho oka paksham rojulu gadapalani thana uddesaanni neraverchaledu. mister. borodile aamenu alasyam cheyakunda tirigi stonerilluku teesukuraavaalani nirnayinchukunnadu; mariyu aaa lakshyanni diksuchi cheyadaaniki athanu etuvanti marganni vadilipettaledu. thana lekha prabhavam gurinchi aayanaku kontha anumanam kaligindi. anduvalla, taanu kooda aameku lekha raayaalani ayana pradhaanamantriki suuchimchaaru; mariyu, laedii nagsnu gamaninchadam anae bhayankaramaina panini nijamgaa edurkonnappudu, athani hrudayam atanni viphalamayyindi kabatti, athanu aaa salahanu aasaktigaa angeekarinchi, ventane vrasadu. aaa tarvaata udayam athani lekha miss caldecott kuu cherukundi, aaa roeju mister. borodiles vacchaaru. aameku pradhana mantri patla chaalaa ishtam undedi, mariyu laedii nogs gurinchi athani aandolana eppuduu vishraanti teesukoledani aameku telusu, mariyu aaa lekha nundi adhi prastutam teevramgaa undani aame spashtamgaa grahinchindi. thanatho kontha charcha tarvaata aame oka paksham rojula paatu raallatho chese bandaku dhooramgaa undaalane thana uddesaanni vadulukundi, aaa madhyahnam akkada untaanani cheppindi. aame twaragaa vellipoyina vaartanu aame maama kopamtho palakarincharuh conny aame oka paksham rojulu, ledhaa maray itara rakaala vaartalanu, ilanti udrekamtho unchaalani pratipaadinchina vaartanu athanu palakarinchi undevaadu kabatti, adhi ikkada ledhaa akkada ledhu. thana nundi aameku eppatikee okka paisa kooda raadu anie marosari haamii ichhe avakaasaanni athanu vadulukoledu. prayaanamloo, daanini thana manassu nundi dhooramgaa unchadaaniki aame chesina sramatho kuudina prayatnaalu unnappatikee, mister nuu chuusi aame anubhavinchina thrill ghnaapakam. borodile yokka chetivraata kontavaraku mukhyamainadi mariyu ibbandikaramgaa undedi, aame atanni kalavadaniki naadii bhayamtho eduru chustunnatlu anipinche varaku. mister yokka drushti dwara aaa bhayandolana samarthinchabadindi. borodile swayamgaa, oka raayi motaru kaarulo aame kosam vechi undi, thana chetivraatanu chusina daanikante marinta himsaatmakamaina thrilnu aamelo pampaadu. aaa taruvaata, aame abhivandanalu gaddakatte challadanamtho undatam sahajam, mariyu aame tirigi stonoril vadda undatam patla assalu aanandam chupinchakudadu. mister. borodile aame challadanaaniki assalu guddiga laedu, conny athanu thana niraasanu choopinchaledu; thana sahajamaina, santoshakaramaina teevrataram chese naipunhyamtho, athanu ventane aame tirigi vachinanduku chaalaa aanandamgaa unnatlugaa matladatam praarambhinchaadu.

leady nogas pairs/baab 7 baab 6 baab 8 Â 3 mister. boradile kaa yaha biyaan kahh jabb leady nogas catford peels kay liye rawanah how gayee thee stonoral kay baashindon kuu malum hoga kahh aman kiyaa hotaa hay kaafi darsat saabat hawaa. leakin iss kaa shakk kahh wah iss naamat say lataf andoz hoan gay jabb inhon nay asay haasil kiyaa kumm bunyaad nahein saabat hawaa. puray dunn mein khwatin inn kay saath thein leakin eek mukhtasir waqat thaa phir bhee iss mukhtasir waqat nay baaqi chobees ghanton parr eek roshan asar daala thaa. yaha mustaqil ahsaas kahh wah qareeb thee aur shayed mutharik kumm woo baish kasee naha kasee tarah say naram andaaz mein mutharik thee nay inn kii zindagiyon mein dilchasp ghair yaqeeni surathaal kaa eek masaliha shaamil kirr diyaa thaa aur abb jabb wah chalee gayee thee tuu wah behat sast how gayee thein. mister kay muamile mein. iss baath kaa yaqeen naha karein kahh iss haqeeqat kii wajah say kahh leady nogas kii ghair maujudgi kay saath miss caldicoat kii ghair maujudgi thee iss kii bay cheeni mein hazaar ganaa izafah hawaa thaa vovo aur wah catford kii kasee bhee dosri khabar say kahein ziyadah bay cheeni kay saath intezar kirr rehaa thaa. tahim akilay asay hyee yaha yaqeen thaa kahh khabar yaha hogi kahh leady nogas ghair tasli bakhash saabat hoyee hay. choothay dunn kii sah pehar wah wazeer aizam kay saath laan mein chaye parr bethaa aur inn donon kuu wah khaana mill rehaa thaa juu leady naagis aur miss caldicoat kii maujudgi say bay azat thaa juu kasee hadd takk mayus kunn muamilah thaa. wah saara dunn eek saath rahay ziyadah tarr waqat mahnat kartay rahay aur wah nadanista toor parr apnaa kaam peeche chhodnay kaa azam kirr rahay thay. badqismati say iss azam nay yaha natijah akhz kiyaa kahh inhein baath karnay kay liye kachh nahein milaa vovo aur wah eek sast khamushi mein segrate peetay hoay beeth gayey. eek gaadi kii girj iss parr girj gayee aur inhon nay waaqee dilchaspi kii toqaa kay saath iss maqaam kii taraf apnee aankhein moad lain jehaan jhaadiyon kaa khaatima hotaa hay aur drive laan kay kinaray say baghair screen kay chalti hay. phee alhaal gaadi nazar mein girti hoyee nazar aayee aur iss qasm kii eek ramshikal lakdi kii makhee saabat hoyee juu eek deehi railway station kay ard gird bay sabri say intezar karti hay. iss kii chhat soondon say bharee hoyee thee aur inhein deekh kirr eek dall chhonay waali maskarahat chamak uthayi mister. boradile kaa chehrah. wazeer aizam kii nigahein inn tanon parr poori tarah say duu mint pehley tikee hoyee thein iss say pehley kahh wah hairan kunn aziyat kay lehjay mein cheekhney lagay "yaqeena yaha felicia kii tanon haine!" "wah waaqee haine" mister nay kahaa. bordwile vovo aur iss kaa lehjah hairat kay kasee bhee nashaan say paak thaa juu kahh kumm qaabil zakar thaa yaha deekh kirr kahh asay koyee ahsaas nahein hawaa. "piyaray! yaha behat thakaa deenay waala hay!"wazeer aizam nay kahaa. "shahzadi nay asay waps bhej diyaa hoga. kiyaa how saktaa thaa?"aur wah jaldi say utth khadaa hawaa. "eek khush eisayi bachay kay khubsurat tareeqe how chakay haine waazah toor parr kaafi" mister nay badbadaya. bordwile. wazeer aizam teezi say qalye kii taraf chull paray iss kay baad mister. bordwile aur iss kay darwazay parr pahunch gayaa jeesay hyee makhee nay leady nogas aur eek bury goal khaatun kuu alg kiyaa jiss kaa chehrah yaksar ghonpla hawaa thaa. leady nogas nay scone aur khood kuu haasil karnay kii taqriba misali tasveer paish kii jabb wah maskara kirr atminan kay saath waaqif manzar kay ard gird deekh rahee thee. wazeer aizam kay paas sarf yaha dekhnay kaa waqat thaa kahh bury goal khaatun kuu dhandla hawaa aur taqriba steertor thaa wah atnee bhaari saans lay rahee thee jabb iss kii bhanji asay iss bay hadd pyaar kay saath gulay lagaa rahee thee juu kahh kabhi kabhaar aurat kay dall mein jarm kay shaoor kaa asar nahein hotaa hay. wazeer aizam nay waazah toor parr ghair mamuli andaaz mein apnaa gulay lagaya aur bay cheeni kay lehjay mein kahaa "aap waps kiyon aayey haine? iss kaa kiyaa matlab hay?" leady nogas ney madayi ahtajaj kii aawaz mein sharoo kiyaa "mein nay waps aaney kay liye nahein kahaa. shahzadi nay bheja-" "mein eek baronees plormature hoan" bury goal khaatun mein garma garm zoor say toot gayee. "aur iss kaa kiyaa matlab hay! iss kii wajah say eek barbarian bachah! ladeel kaa wahshi! iss nay harr hawaa kay zay plung kay mondnay waalay podal rakhay haine! zaray yaha hawaa nahein hay! nahein hawaa nahein!" wazeer aizam nay bury aawaz uthanay waali khaatun kuu balkal hairan kunn andaaz mein dekha. asay iss dilkash aur garmajoshi say biyaan kardah eek lafz bhee samajh mein nahein aayaa. leakin wah iss baath say mubham toor parr waaqif thaa kahh iss kii bhatiji nay khood kuu iss andaaz mein mamtaz kiyaa hay jiss kay saath aisa karnay kay harr moqaa kay saath wah kabhi aadi nahein hawaa thaa vovo aur iss nay kahaa "piyaray piyaray! yaha behat thakaa deenay waala hay! kiyaa hawaa hay? mein samajh nahein paa rehaa hoan!" leady nogas nay eek shandar hawaa kay saath baronees kuu aann kiyaa aur cheekh kirr kahaa "wahaan! aap dekhtay haine kahh logon kay khatut mein madakhilat karnay say kiyaa hotaa hay! agar aap nay miraa khath bay azti say naha padhaa hotaa aur asay phaad naha diyaa hotaa tuu ankal kuu podal kay baaray mein malum hotaa. abb wah nahein kartaa!" "iss nay mondnay waalay zay podal-zay poddles aaf zay brunzees!"berons plormature nay mazeed garmi kay saath cheekh diyaa jiss say iss kaa matlab waazah how gayaa kahh iss nay daayein haath kii pehli aur darmiyani angliyon say apnay bayein haath kii hatheeli kuu reep kiyaa aur zoor aur teezi say apnaa sarr halaya. wazeer aizam nay asay aur bhee ziyadah hairangi say dekha aur kahaa "leakin aap podal mandwatay haine." "leakin iss nay zay tob nodez aur zay rafs mandwaye. yaha hawaa nahein hay! nahein nahein waan!" wazeer aizam nay apnee daadhi mazbuti say pakdi aur asay pakda. "aur sabb sarr hilla dain!"baronees chull padee. "iss nay walhelmina kuu jheel mein phaink diyaa! iss nay apnay labaas parr seeyahi lagayi!" "yaha eek bury kahaani hay! donon bury kahaniyan haine!"iss khaatun nay baday aur rastbaz ghasey say cheekh dee. "iss ahmaq chhoti ladki nay donon khood kiye!" "ziyadah say ziyadah-ziyadah say ziyadah"yee khoof aur mayusi kay aakhri lehron mein wah barnes kuu chikhti hay iss nay zaz brunzis walhelmina kuu eek dilkash leadle ladki kahaa!" "mister nay kahaa "shayed agar leady felicia inn dilchasp waaqiaat kaa apnaa biyaan deeti hay tuu hamein iss baath kaa ziyadah darsat andazah laganay kay qaabil honaa chahiye kahh kiyaa hawaa hay. bordwile iss haqeeqat kaa fayedah uthatay hoay kahh iss kay jazbaat kay tashdad nay beroness kuu eek guzarti hoyee khamushi mein tabdil kirr diyaa thaa. "yaha meeri ghalti nahein thee sawaye yaqeena podal kay baaray mein. aur waaqee wah atnay ghair milki nahein lugg rahay thay "khaatun nay bury leakin shayed hyee waazah aawaz mein kahaa. "shahzadi walhelmina paani kii laali jamaa kirr rahee thee aur wah khood hyee talaab mein girr gayee. koyee bhee kirr saktaa hay. aur mein nay iss parr seeyahi nahein lagayi. iss nay khood kuu seeyahi lagaa lee. wah meez kay kapday parr sarf seeyah pattern banaa rahee thee. meez kaa kapda sarkh thaa." "eek qaabil tareef wajah hay" mister nay kahaa. bordwile. "leakin kiyaa mein yaha soch kirr ghalat hoan kahh aap iss waqat mojud thay jabb aap kay chhotay say saathi kay saath yaha badd qasmati hoyee?" "plee meet!"iss khaatun nay bay hadd toheen kartay hoay cheekh diyaa. "aap kuu iss kaa kheel dekhna chahiye thaa! wah nahein jaanti thee kahh kisay!" "leakin jabb inn kii badqismati say iss parr hamlah hawaa tuu kiyaa aap wahaan mojud thay?"mister nay kahaa. borrodile apnee baath parr qayem rehta hay. "haan mein zaroor wahaan thaa. majhay aur kahaan honaa chahiye?"khaatun nay kahaa. "leakin mein nay iss parr seeyahi nahein lagayi. iss nay khood kuu seeyahi lagaa lee. aur mein nay asay talaab mein nahein phaink diyaa. wah andar girr gayee. yaha kehna eek bury kahaani hay kahh mein nay kiyaa." "aur podal kay baaray mein?"mister nay kahaa. borrodile taftish kaa taaqib kirr rehaa hay. "inn zaheen makhluq kaa kiyaa hawaa?" leady nogas kaa chehrah saaf how gayaa aur wah maskara dee jabb eek khushgawar aur dall lagee waaqiah yaad aaa rehaa thaa. "theek hay wah kaafi mazhakah khaiz lugg rahay thay" iss nay aiteraf kiyaa. "leakin majhay kisay patah chalay kahh wah kisay nazar aayen gay? kasee nay bhee socha hoga kahh wah inn tamaam farlaz aur cheezon kay baghair behatar nazar aatay aur iss liye humm nay inhein cott diyaa. leakin inhon nay aisa nahein kiyaa ahmaqana baatein! wah behat mazhakah khaiz lugg rahay thay."aur wah apnay zahan mein mojud qaabil qabool tasveer parr dobarah maskara dee. "aur zaye zay bruns aur bruns kay pasandidah haine. hawaa nahein chhodi gayee!"beruni nay eek baar phir apnay maatam kaa bojh rotay hoay aur dall dehla deenay waali shaan woo shokat kay saath uthatay hoay kahaa. mister. borrodile nay achanak katay hoay paalto janwaron kii tasveer dekhi aur wah aahista say huns padaa. wazeer aizam nay berons plormature say lay kirr leady naagis takk aur leady naagis say lay kirr berons plormature takk nakhushgawar hawaa kay saath dekha. "phir kiyaa hawaa?"mister nay kahaa. bordwile. "awah phir-tubb shahzadi behat naraaz thee" khaatun nay kahaa. "goyaa ghalti meeri thee. majhay kisay patah chalaa kahh podal atnay mazhakah khaiz nazar aayen gay jabb wah harr taraf mandwaye gayey thay? aur iss nay majhay jaanay kuu kahaa aur majhay maarnay kii koshish kii. aur majhay behat ghasah aayaa. aur majhay lagtaa hay kahh mein kaafi badtamiz thaa. leakin wah majhay maarnay kii koshish karnay say baaz nahein aayee." "wah bay azti karti hay! aey bay azti!"wah barry ruu padee. aur iss nay hawaa say apnay haath hilla diye. leady nogas nay iss baronees kuu balkal toheen kay saath dekhaa aur iss kii saansein ghonp rahee thein: "chapke chapke!" "tamm badtamiz thay?"mister nay kahaa. bordwile. "mein nay sarf atnaa kahaa kahh majhay wahaan say nikal kirr khushi how rahee hay keunkah wah bay azti waalay loag thay aur khanziron kii tarah khaatay thay. aur wah haine-inhon nay aap kuu miraa eek khath padhaa ankal vovo aur phir iss nay asay phaad diyaa. aur wah khanziron kii tarah khaatay haine "khaatun nay mazbuti say kahaa. "piyaray! yaha behat thakaa deenay waala hay!"wazeer aizam nay kahaa. "felicia mein katni baar tamm say kahoon kahh apnay buzurgon kuu naha balao-leakin wahaan tamm say baath karnaa bay kaar hay. agar aap miray saath aayen berons plormature tuu humm iss muamile parr baath kirr saktay haine aur shayed blaa rukawat mein kachh seekh sakoon gaa kahh kiyaa hawaa hay." iss kay saath wah aur baronees qalye mein daakhil how gayey. jeesay hyee wah ghaib how gayey leady nogas nay laan parr chaye kii meez kay liye makhiyon kii lakeer banayi jiss mein mister nay sharkat kii. bordwile. german shaahi khaandaan parr leady nogas kay asraat kay baaray mein inn kii dilchaspi kasee bhee tarah say khatam nahein hoyee. leady nogas kachh hadd takk bay hayayi kay saath patli roty aur makhan parr girr gayee vovo aur iss nay kahaa "aap bhoki lugg rahee haine." "majhay bhok lagee hay" khaatun nay kahaa. "mein iss mahal mein khaana nahein khaa saktaa thaa. aap bharay hoay surakh mein nahein khaa saktay aap jaantay haine chahay khaana achhaa how. aur aisa nahein thaa. majhay lagtaa hay kahh yaha german honaa chahiye. iss kaa zaiqah kabhi saaf nahein thaa. yaha hamishah motaa zaiqah daar aur chaknayi waala hotaa thaa." mister. bordwile nay asay keek dodh aur cream say bhagaa diyaa aur jabb iss nay apnee bhok poori kii tuu wah apnee karsi parr beeth gayee aur kahaa: "majhay waps aakar khushi how rahee hay. aap kuu andazah nahein hay kahh yaha katnaa wahshiyana thaa bully-hamishah kasee kaa behtareen royah." "aap behtareen royay kay haamil haine?"mister nay kahaa. bordwile. "haan vovo yaha kasee bhee bury dabao kuu bardasht nahein karay gaa." leady nongs apnee karsi parr seedhi beeth gayee aur asay intehayi shakok woo shabhaat kay saath dekha. "kiyaa matlab hay?"iss nay kahaa. "miraa behtareen royah behat achhaa hay." "awah haan yaqeena-haan haan" mister nay kahaa. bordwell jaldi say. "behat achhaa! behat achhaa!" leady nogas eek aasaan haalat mein waps aaa gayee aur aadaab kii rawayat kay talkh toheen aamiz biyaan mein dob gayee juu frederk dee great say lay kirr catford takk saalon say neechey aayee thee. aahista aahista sawalat kay zariye janaab. bordwile nay iss say menineen-shoreen kay gahar mein apnay teen dunn kay qayaam kay waaqiaat kaa eek ghair waazah aur mutzad biyaan liyaa. sabb kuu lagtaa thaa kahh asay yaha kahaani eek dall lagee kahaani thee keunkah iss kaa chehrah iss bhar mein maskarahaton say bharaa hawaa thaa vovo aur wah kayee baar narmi say huns padaa. iss kay aakhir mein leady nogas nay kachh preshani kay saath kahaa "majhay nahein lagtaa kahh mein nay kachh khaas braa kiyaa hay hay naa bully? yaqeena wah podal behat mazhakah khaiz lugg rahay thay leakin mein nay waaqee inhein taklif nahein pahunchayi aap jaantay haine." "nahein" mister nay kahaa. borrodile apnee sabb say ziyadah adalati hawaa kay saath. "majhay nahein lagtaa kahh aap nay kachh braa kiyaa hay. buss eek baath yaha thee kahh aap atnay perscon chhotay talaab mein garnay kay liye behat baday concret thay." leady nogas nay iss kii taraf sanjeedgi say dekhaa iss kay alfaz kaa wazan kiyaa. phir iss nay kahaa "yaha kachh aisa hyee thaa. bully majhay aap kay baaray mein juu cheez pasand hay wah yaha hay kahh aap cheezon kuu samajhte haine. aur aakhir kaar mein wahaan kabhi nahein jaana chahta thaa."wah rakk gayee aur phir soochney lagee. phir iss nay intehayi soch samajh kirr kahaa:" majhay lagtaa hay-majhay lagtaa hay kahh jaa kirr janwaron kuu deekh loan gee. agar ankal iss khufnaak bodhi baruni say seedhay aatay haine tuu asay cheezon kaa balkal ghalat andazah hogaa kiyaa aap nahein jaantay?" "majhay lagtaa hay kahh yaha theek rahay gaa" mister nay kahaa. bordwile vovo aur khaatun nogas apnay paalto janwaron kuu dekhnay kay liye astabal kii taraf chull padee. mister. boradile khamush beeth gayaa aur eek aur segrate jalaa dee. duu baar wah intehayi atminan kay saath maskaraya keunkah wah aglay chobees ghanton kay andar miss caldicoat kii wapsi kii talaash mein thaa. iss nay segrate khatam kirr dee thee juu wah segrate pee rehaa thaa aur dosray raastay say aadhay raastay parr thaa jabb gaadi qalye kay daakhli darwazay parr pahunchi. wazeer aizam nay beroness plormature kuu iss mein ddaal diyaa aur jabb wah uthaa lee gayee tuu jald baazi mein laan say neechey iss kii taraf aaa gayaa. jeesay hyee wah qareeb aataa mister. bordwell nay dekha kahh iss kii mamul kii ghasiti hoyee hawaa pehley say kahein ziyadah ghasiti hoyee thee. wah eek karsi parr beeth kirr chalaa gayaa "felicia hairan kunn andaaz mein-makkamur andaaz mein! bartao kirr rahee hay!" "kachh nahein." mister nay kahaa. bordwile khamushi say. "kisay-kiyaa? leakin wah hay "wazeer aizam nay kahaa. "wah naha sarf shararti rahee hay balkah masbat toor parr bay waqoof bhee rahee hay. iss nay shahzadi walhelmina kuu talaab mein phaink diyaa. iss nay iss parr seeyahi chhadki aur iss nay apnay baal intehayi taklif dhah andaaz mein kheenche. iss kay alawah wah naha sarf beruni palsormakar kay liye balkah khood shahzadah aur shahzadi kay liye bhee sabb say ziyadah badtamiz thee." "mister nay kahaa "aisa lagtaa hay kahh beroness plormakar nay apnee rooh kaa bojh uthaa liyaa hay. bordwile. "haan wah iss muamile mein kaafi waazah aur khalee rahee haine." "theek hay miray hasay kay liyay" mister nay kahaa. borrodile "mein iss kay khalay punn parr ziyadah wazan nahein daalta. juu kachh hawaa iss kay baaray mein leady felicia kay warzan kuu mein tarjih deeta hoan. humm jaantay haine kahh wah sach bolti hay vovo aur hamaray paas yaha yaqeen karnay kii koyee wajah nahein hay kahh sach bolna eek german aadat hay. majhay iss mein behat kumm shakk hay kahh shahzadi walhelmina kay saath honay waali badd qasmati kaa zamah daar khaatun felicia hay. leakin majhay poraa yaqeen hay kahh wah inhein iss bachay kay badd qasmat sarr parr laanay mein faal agent nahein thee. iss nay asay talaab mein nahein phaink diyaa. iss nay asay paani kii lalee juu iss mein agti haine todnay kaa mashurah diyaa. mein tasleem kartaa hoan kahh natijah emli toor parr eek jaisa hoga vovo leakin kasee shaqs kuu talaab mein phainaknay aur paani kii laali todnay kii tajweez deenay mein behat farq hay. eek baar pahar iss nay majhay bataya aur majhay yaqeen hay kahh iss nay apnay chhotay say saathi parr seeyahi nahein phainki. iss nay asay sarf yaha mashurah diyaa kahh eek seeyah namunah saadah sarkh meez kay kapday mein eek wasee behtari hogi. aur juu bhee seeyahi lagayi gayee shahzadi walhelmina nay khood kii. podal kay muamile mein iss nay jarm qabool kiyaa. leakin aakhirkar iss nay katoon kuu choot nahein pahunchayi. aur agar loag bachon kuu podal aur clipper aur taalaab aur seeyahi kay saath tanha chhod dain gay tuu wah sarf iss tarah kay nataij kii toqaa kirr saktay haine. inhon nay anthak tazheek kay saath apnee khaatun kii bay dalee parr asraar kiyaa vovo aur wah sarf khood hyee iss baath kaa alzaam lagatay haine kahh wah inn kay liye behat ziyadah mazboot saabat hoyee. miss caldicoat agar iss kay saath jaatee jaisa kahh aap nay tajweez kiyaa thaa tuu iss mein say koyee preshani naha hoti." mister kay toor parr. bordwile nay cheezon kuu seedha kirr diyaa wazeer aizam kaa chehrah aahista aahista saaf how gayaa. "aap majhay juu batatay haine wah iss muamile parr behat mukhtalif rung daalta hay" iss nay kahaa. "leakin meeri khwahish hay kahh wah shehzade aur shahzadi kay saath atnee bay azti naha karti. " "aisa lagtaa hay kahh yaha shayed hyee blaa ashtaal hawaa how" mister nay kahaa. bordwile. "bazahir shahzadi nay katay hoay podal deekh kirr ghasah khoo diyaa aur khaatun felicia kay kaanon kuu bund karnay kii koshish kii." "theek hay" wazeer aizam nay kahaa "miss caldicoat jitni jaldi waps aayey atnaa hyee behatar hay. kiyaa aap kay paas iss kaa patah hay? majhay ameed hay kahh wah foraa waps aaa jaaye gee." "chonkah wah apnay iss namumkin chachaa janubi americi karod patee kay saath rahh rahee hay majhay lagtaa hay kahh wah faraar honay kay bahanay say khush hogi. "aah haan vovo barresford caldicoat. eek khufnaak shaqs!"wazeer aizam nay kahaa. "behatar hoga kahh aap asay foraa phone kirr dain. koyee takhir naha karein. iss doraan jabb takk wah nahein aatee mein khood leady felicia parr nazar rakhon gee."inhon nay yaha baath poori sanjeedgi say kahee goyaa wah imandari say iss kaam kuu apnay akhtiyarat kay dairay mein maantay haine. iss maskarahat say taujah hatanay kay liye jasay wah rook nahein saktaa thaa mister. bordwell jald baazi mein utth kirr kahnay lagaa: "mein foraa taar lagaa doon gaa."aur wah teezi say gahar kii taraf chalaa gayaa. wazeer aizam apnee karsi parr waps jhaki aur saans lee. ghasey mein aur naqabil fehm beruni pulsormature kay saath iss kay intervieve nay eek baar phir iss kay diyanat daar zameer kuu leady nongs kay muamile mein asay naraaz karnay kay liye kaam karnay parr majbur kirr diyaa thaa. eek baar phir wah iss sawaal parr ghoor kirr rehaa thaa kiyaa wah waaqee eek chhoti see ladki kii prorish karnay waalay aadmi kii tarah thaa iss haqeeqat say balkal bay khabar thaa kahh iss kii prorish say waaqee iss kaa behat kumm taaluq thaa. iss waqat eek ganee suur kay saath wah iss kay bay cheen maraqabah mein daakhil how gayee. wah iss kay saamney eek karsi parr beeth gayee aur kahaa: "mein waps aakar behat khush hoan. iss bharay hoay mahal mein yaha khufnaak thaa. majhay lagtaa hay kahh inhon nay saal bhar kabhi khidkiyan nahein khoolein aur inhon nay majhay miray sonay kay kamray kii khidki khoolnay say roknay kii koshish kii. inhon nay kahaa kahh majhay sardi lagni chahiye. kiyaa aap nay kabhi atnee bay waqufi kay baaray mein sunaa hay? kiyaa aap kuu khushi nahein hay kahh mein waps aayaa hoan?" "haan" wazeer aizam nay apnay lehjay mein isteqbal kii koyee mubaligah aamiz garm joshi kay baghair kahaa. "leakin kaash aap shahzadi kay saath badtamizi naha kartay." "theek hay mein iss kay saath badtamizi nahein karnaa chahta thaa. miraa kabhi aisa honay kaa aradah nahein thaa vovo leakin jabb iss nay majhay maaraa tuu mein iss kii madad nahein kirr sakaa. mein waaqee nahein kirr saktaa thaa. aur aakhir kaar miraa khath padhna bay azti thee aap jaantay haine. behat bay azti. aur wah khanziron kii tarah khaatay thay. inhon nay kiyaa waaqee." "phir bhee majhay lagtaa hay kahh behatar hoga kahh aap asay eek achhaa khath likhein aur wazahat karein kahh aap kaa matlab bay azti nahein thee." "theek hay" khaatun nay balkal bay hasee say kahaa. "mein likhon gaa aur samjhata hoan. mein kasee bhee tarah khufnaak jagah say door how gayaa hoan." iss doraan mister. borrodile nay darj zeel telegram likhaa aur bheja thaa: - wah taar say khush thaa aur asay yaqeen thaa kahh iss mein kaafi zoor say alfaz likhay gayey thay taakah miss caldicoat kuu yaha bahanah diyaa jaa sakay kahh asay apnay chachaa kii chhat say fouri toor parr faraar honay kay liye atnee bury tarah zarurat hay. barresford caldicoat nay europ kay badtareen mazaaj aadmi honay kii ghair mutnazah saakh haasil kii vovo aur sarf kasee hadd takk asraar kaa ahsaas apnee bhatiji kuu iss kay gahar lay aayaa. eek asul kay toor parr farz kaa wah ahsaas asay eek waqat mein pandrah dunn say ziyadah iss mein nahein rakh saktaa thaa. telegram bhejnay kay baad mister. bordwell nay eek khath kay zariye madad kii apnee darkhwast kuu mazboot karnaa achhaa samjha vovo aur wah asay intehayi khushi kay saath likhnay beeth gayaa. kasee kii qaabil ehteram tareef kay maqsad say baath karnay say likhna kumm tasli bakhash hay leakin yaha kachh bhee naha honay say behatar hay. khath likhna aasaan nahein thaa keunkah agarcha iss nay kabhi bhee apnee tareef kaa koyee raaz nahein rakhaa thaa leakin miss caldicoat hamishah iss say bachti rahee yaa iss kay izhaar kii apnee koshishon kuu cheek karti rahee. mashkal sfarti khatut kay maahir masnaf jaisa kahh wah thay inhon nay asay apnee pasand kay mutabiq haasil karnay say pehley chaar baar likhaa. aakhir kaar iss nay asay khatam kirr diyaa aur yaha chull padaa: - inn sabb kay liye juu miss caledicoat mister say eek khath talaash kirr rehaa thaa. borodile lifafay parr iss kii tehreer nay iss kay zariye eek sansani phailadi. iss sansani nay asay hairan aur naraaz kirr diyaa vovo iss say wah preshan bhee how gayee. wah digri kay lahaaz say mister say lataf andoz honay aayee thee. bordwile kii iss kii tareef kabhi poshidah nahein rahee leakin iss nay asay kabhi sanjeedgi say nahein liyaa thaa: aisa karnaa mazhakah khaiz hotaa keunkah iss kay doston mein yaha achhi tarah say samjha jaataa thaa kahh wah eek ameer bewi say shaadi karay gaa jiss kii raqam iss kay azayem kuu aagay badhaye gee. apnay jaisi bay maal ladki kay saath shaadi kaa matlab eek aisey carrier kuu barbaad karnaa thaa jiss nay atnaa shandar honay kaa waadah kiyaa thaa. wah iss taasir mein thee kahh wah asay mahaz apnay doston mein sabb say khushgawar aur sabb say ziyadah dall lagee samajhti thee. yaha sansani eek intehayi nakhushgawar intebah kay toor parr saamney aayee kahh iss kay gehrey jazbaat iss muamile mein iss kay khayaal say kahein ziyadah fakar mund how saktay haine. foraa iss nay kumm az kumm eek pandrah dunn takk pathar kii dakaan parr waps naha aaney kaa faislah kiyaa vovo aur iss nay leady nogas kuu apnay gorans kay ahday say istefay parr bhee ghoor karnaa sharoo kirr diyaa. wah kasee bhee khushi kay saath barresford caldicoat kay saath mazeed pandrah dunn rehney kii toqaa nahein kirr rahee thee. yaha shaaz woo naadir hyee darhaqiqat iss khubsurat mahal mein khaana juu iss nay apnay liye banaya thaa tutee hoyee karekari kay haadise say iss kay preshan hoay baghair guzra vovo aur yaha haqeeqat kahh gahar mein nokaron kaa mustaqil jalos thaa keunkah inn mein say koyee bhee juu kasee bhee tarah say iss kay maalik kay saath raabtay mein aayaa thaa eek haftay say ziyadah nahein rehaa jiss say wajood kay scone mein koyee izafah nahein hawaa. iss kay ghasey kay jhataknay say wah abb khufzadah nahein hoyee leakin phir bhee asay wah preshan kunn lugg rahay thay vovo aur iss kay iss haqeeqat kay aadah mein kachh thakaa deenay waala thaa kahh asay iss kaa eek paisah bhee talaash karnay kii zarurat nahein thee. tahim iss nay iss kay saath pandrah dunn guzarnay kay apnay araday kuu poraa nahein kiyaa. mister. bordwile nay baghair kasee takhir kay asay pathar kii daheer parr waps laanay kaa azam kiyaa thaa vovo aur iss nay iss maqsad kuu anjaam deenay kay liye koyee koshish nahein chhodi. asay apnay khath kay asar kay baaray mein kachh shakk thaa. iss liye iss nay wazeer aizam kuu mashurah diyaa kahh wah bhee inhein likhein vovo aur chonkah jabb haqeeqat mein khaatun nogas parr nazar rakhnay kay khufnaak kaam kaa saamna karnaa padaa tuu iss kaa dall nakaam how gayaa thaa iss liye iss nay iss tajweez kuu bay cheeni kay saath qabool kiyaa aur foraa likhaa. iss kaa khath iss kay baad sabah miss caldicoat takk pahuncha jiss parr mister. bordwile aaa chakay thay. inhein wazeer aizam say behat mohabat thee aur wah jaanti thein kahh leady naagis kay baaray mein inn kii preshani kabhi khatam nahein hoyee thee aur inhein khath say waazah toor parr patah chalaa kahh iss waqat yaha shadeed thee. apnay saath kachh bahas kay baad iss nay eek pandrah dunn takk pathar say door rehney kaa aradah turk kirr diyaa aur iss baath kaa asharah diyaa kahh wah iss dopahar wahaan mojud hogi. iss kay chachaa nay iss kii jald rawangi kii khabar kuu ghasey kay saath salaam kiyaa: leakin chonkah iss nay iss khabar kaa khair muqadam kiyaa hoga kahh iss nay pandrah dunn yaa kasee aur qasm kii khabar kuu asee tarah kay ashtaal kay saath rakhnay kii tajweez paish kii thee juu naha tuu yahaan thee aur naha hyee wahaan. iss nay asay eek baar phir yaqeen dilanay kaa moqaa nahein gunwaya kahh asay iss say kabhi eek paisah bhee nahein milay gaa. safar kay doraan asay apnay zahan say door rakhnay kii sakht koshishon kay bawajood mister kuu deekh kirr iss nay juu sansani mahsus kii thee iss kii yaad. bordwile kii tehreer kachh hadd takk aham aur preshan kunn thee yahaan takk kahh wah khood kuu aisaabi ghabrahat jaisi cheez kay saath iss say milnay kii muntazir payee. iss ghabrahat kuu iss haqeeqat say jayez qaraar diyaa gayaa kahh mister kaa nizarah. khood borrodile juu eek stonoral motor kaar mein iss kaa intezar kirr rehaa thaa nay iss kay zariye iss kii tehreer kay nizaron say bhee ziyadah pratashdad sansani phailayi. iss kay baad yaha fitri thaa kahh iss kaa salaam thandi sardi kaa honaa chahiye aur yaha kahh asay pathar kii dakaan parr waps aaney parr balkal khushi nahein hony chahiye. mister. bordwile kasee bhee tarah say iss kii sardi say andhaa nahein thaa leakin iss nay apnee mayusi kaa izhaar nahein kiyaa. apnee fitri khushgawar ashtaal angez maharat kay saath iss nay foraa baath karnaa sharoo kirr dee goyaa wah waps aakar behat khush how gayee how.

fffc8ed481877770d6e2cce831470faacacd8abb4ff01bff50575ee056c85419

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44662432

Bossov Ballet Theatre

Bossov Ballet Theatre Bossov Ballet Theatre (BBT) is a non-profit performing company and an international pre-professional ballet school, located in Pittsfield, Maine. Founded in 1996, it is now affiliated with Maine Central Institute, under the direction of Natalya Nikolaevna Getman. Founding. The Theatre was founded by retired U.S. Marine Colonel Michael Wyly, as an attempt to fulfill a family dream shared by him and his daughter. He recruited Andrei Petrovitch Bossov, a former ballet star at the Mariinsky Ballet as the artistic director. Bossov introduced the Russian imperial tradition to the Theatre, which was later named after him. Program. BBT offers both year-long training program and a summer intensive program. The training programs is carried out in the Vaganova tradition. Students enrolled in the year-long program are required to take academic courses at MCI along with other local and international high school students, in addition to their ballet training. The Theatre has attracted students from across Maine, 16 states and 24 countries, who attend MCI and study ballet more than two hours a day, six days a week. Every year the BBT brings ballet productions such as The Nutcracker to local theaters and opera house. The troupe also tours internationally, performing in countries like Russia. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

bob 'sobh bele theater bob 'sobh bele theater (bibiti) hoise ek olabhjonok prodorxonkari company aaru etaa antohrastriyo praak-pesadari bele bidyaloy, ji mainor pitsfieldot owosthito. 1996 sonot protistha huwa ei protisthantu etiya notalia nikulebhona gatemanor nirdexot maine kendriyo protisthanor xoite onumudit. protistha koraa. theatertu owoxorprapto eu-ror dwara protistha koraa hoisil.ess. xamudrik cornell michael waili, teu aaru teur konyar dwara bhag koraa etaa poriyalor xopun puron korar proyax hisape. teu marinsky beler prakton bele taroka andrei petro "bhis bob" sobhok kolatmok porisalok hisape nijukti disil. bob 'sobhe rasian xamrajyobadi poromporak theaterot porisoy koraisil, jitu pisoloi teur naamere naamkoron koraa hoisil. karzoxusi. bibiti-ye bosorjura proxikhyon karzoxusi aaru grishmokalin nibirh karzoxusi duyutai prodan kore. proxikhyon karzoxusibur bhyaganubha poromporat xomponno koraa hoy. bosorjura karzoxusit naam bhorti huwa xikhyarthixokole teulukor bele proxikhyonor uporiu onyanyo sthaniyo aaru antohrastriyo haiskulor xikhyarthixokolor xoite em. chi. aai. too xoikhyik pathyokrom grohon koribo lagibo. theatertuwe xomogro maine, 16khon rajyo aaru 24khon dexor saatro-satrik aakorxito korise, jixokole em. chi. aai. too ongxogrohon kore aaru xoptahot choy dinkoi odhik, dintut dughontatkoi odhik ballet odhyoyon kore. proti bosore bibiti-ye sthaniyo theater aaru opera housoloi notkrekaror dore bele projujona korhiyai aane. doltuwe rasiyar dore dexot poriwexon kori antohrastriyo porjyayotu bhromon kore.

bosov byale theater bosov byale theater (bbt) ekti olabhjonok anusthankari sangostha ebong ekti antorjatik praka-peshadar byale school, jaa pitsfield, mainete abosthito. 1996 saale protisthito, etty ekhon natalia nikolayevna gatemaner nirdeshonai meine central instituter saathe onumodito. protistha. theatrety protistha korechilen abosarprapto eu.esha. merrin cornell michael oyaili, taanr ebong taanr meyer ekti paribarik swapno puroner prochesta hisabe. tini marinsky byale-rawr praktan byale tarka andrei petrovic bosovke shoilpik porichalok hisabe niyog korechilen. bosov theatrey russian samrajyobadi oitijhyer porichoy koriye diyechilen, jaa porey taanr naame namkaran koraa hoyechilo. programa. bbt bochorbyapi proshikkhon karmasuchi ebong grissokalin nibid karmasuchi ubhayi pradan korey. proshikkhon karmasuchiguli vaganova oitijhye porichalito hoy. bochorbyapi programe nothibhukto shikkharthider taader byale proshikkhoner pashapashi anyanno sthaniya ebong antorjatik uchcho bidyalayer shikkharthider saathe emm. shee. aaee-teey academic course korte hobey. theatrety maine, 16tii rajyo ebong 24tii desh theke shikkharthider akrishto koreche, jaaraa emm. shee. aaee-teey ongsho neyo ebong saptahe chhoy deane diney dui ghantaro beshi byale adhyayan korey. proti bochor sthaniya prekkhagriho ebong apera housey natkrakarer moto byale prajojana niye aase bbc. dolti antorjatik porjayeo bhromon korey, russier moto deshe anusthan korey.

bosov bele theatre bosov bele theatre (bbt) aek biin-nafakarak pradarshan karatee kampani aneey aantarrashtriy purv-vyaavsaayik bele shaala chhe, jeey pitsfield, mainma stheet chhe. 1996maan sthapaayel, teey havey natalya nikolevna gatemanna nirdesh hethal maine central institute saathe sankalaayel chhe. sthaapnaa. theatres sthaapnaa nivrutt yuu.aesa. marine curnell michael vaayali, temnaa aneey temnee putri dwara vahenchaayel paarivaarik swapnane purn karvaanaa prayaas tareeke. temane marinsky belemaa bhutpurv bele staar andrey petrovic bosovni kalaatmak nirdeshak tareeke bhartee curry hatee. bosoway russian shaahee paramparaane rangbhumima rajoo curry, jenu naam paachhalthi temnaa naam parthee rakhvama aavyu hatoo. kaarykram. bbt varsh-laambi taaleem kaarykram aneey unaalo saghan kaarykram banne pradaan karey chhe. taaleem kaarykramo vaganova paramparama haath dharvaamaa aave chhe. varsh-vyaapi karykrama nondhani karaavtaa vidhyarthioae temnee bele taaleem upraant anya sthaaneek aneey aantarrashtriy uchch shaalaana vidhyarthio saathe aema. see. aaee. maan shaikshanik abhyaskramo levaa jaroori chhe. aaa natyagruhae maine, 16 raajyo aneey 24 deshona vidhyarthione aakarshya chhe, jeo aema. see. aaee. maan haajari aape chhe aneey athvadiyana chh divas, divasma beey kalaakthee vadhu beleno abhyaas karey chhe. darr varshe bbt sthaaneek theatro aneey opera housema natkrekar jevee bele productions laave chhe. aaa jooth russia jevaa deshomaa pradarshan kareene aantarrashtriy pravaas pann karey chhe.

bosov baile theatre bosov baile theatre (bbt) ack gair-laabhkaari pradarshan company aur ack antarrashtriya poorv-peshevar baile school haye, joe pitsfield, maine mein sthit haye. 1996 mein sthaapit, yeh abb natalya nikolevna gateman key nirdeshan mein, maine kendriya sansthaan seey sambaddh haye. sthaapana. theatre kii sthaapana sevaanivritt yuu.aiss. marine curnell michael villie, unake aur unaki betty dwara saajha kiye gaye ack parivarik sapane koo puuraa karane key prayaas key roop mein. unhone marinsky baile mein ack poorv baile starr andrey petrovic bosov koo kalaatmak nirdeshak key roop mein bharti kiya. bosov ney russie shaahi parampara koo rangmanch seey parichit karaaya, jiska naam baad mein unake naam parr rakhaa gayaa. karyakram. bbt saal bhar chalane vaale prashikshan karyakram aur ack grishmakaaleen gahan karyakram donon pradaan kartaa haye. prashikshan karyakram vaganova parampara mein kiye jaate hain. saal bhar chalane vaale karyakram mein namankit chhatron koo apane baile prashikshan key alawa anya sthaaniya aur antarrashtriya hyee school key chhatron key saath aim. see. aaee. mein shaikshanik pathyakram lene kii aavashyakta hoti haye. theatre ney poore maine, 16 raajyon aur 24 deshon key chhatron koo aakarshit kiya haye, joe aim. see. aaee. mein bhaag lete hain aur saptah mein chhah dinn, dinn mein dou ghante seey adhik baile kaa adhyayan karate hain. harr saal bee. bee. tii. sthaaniya theatres aur opera house mein nutcracker jaise baile prastutiyon koo laataa haye. yeh mandali roose jaise deshon mein pradarshan karate hue antarrashtriya star parr bhee jaati haye.

bosov byale theatre bosov byale theatre (bbt) ondu laabharahita pradarshana needuva kampani mattu antararashtriya purva-vruttipara byale shaaleyaagiddu, idu mainena pitsfieldnallide. pitsfieldnallide sthaapaneyaada idu eega natalya nikolayevna getman nirdeshanadadiyalli maine central institutenondige samyojitavagide. sthaapane. rangamandiravannu nivrutta yuu sthaapisidaru.ess. merine curnell micheal vaili, avaru mattu avara magalu hanchikonda kutumbada kanasannu nanasaagisuva prayatnavagi. aata marinsky ballena maaji byale taare andrey petrovic bosov avarannu kalaatmaka nirdeshakaragi nemisikondaru. bosov rashyaada saamraajyashahi sampradaayavannu rangabhoomige parichayisidaru, nantara adannu avara hesaridalaayitu. karyakrama. bbt varshavidee tarabeti karyakrama mattu besige teevra karyakrama eradannoo odagisuttade. tarabeti kaaryakramagalannu vaganova sampradaayadalli nadesalaaguttade. varshavidee nadeyuva kaaryakramadalli daakhalaada vidyaarthigalu tamma byale tarabetiya jotege itara sthaliya mattu antararashtriya proudhashala vidyaarthigalondige emm. sii. aii. yalli shaikshanika korsgalannu tegedukollabekaguttade. ee rangamandiravu maine, 16 rajyagalu mattu 24 deshagala vidyarthigalannu aakarshiside, avaru emm. sii. aii. ge hajaraguttare mattu dinakke eradu gantegaliginta hecchu, vaaradalli aaru dinagala kaala byale adhyayana maaduttaare. prati varsha bii. bii. tii. yuu natkrakarnantaha byale nirmaanagalannu sthaliya chitramandiragalu mattu opera housege taruttade. tandavu antaaraashtriya pravaasagalannu nadesi, rashyaadantaha desagalalli pradarshana niiduttade.

bosov balley natyagruh bosov balley theater (bii. bii. tii.) hii eka naa-napha denari sadarikaran karnari company aanee aantarrashtriy purv-vyavsayik balley shaala aahe, jee pitsfield, maine yethe sthit aahe. 1996 madhye sthapan jhaleli hii sanstha aata natalya nikolevna getman yanchya margdarshanakhali maine kendriya sanstheshi sanlagn aahe. sthapana. yaa natyagruhachi sthapana nivrutt yu.ess. mareen curnell michael vayali, tyane aanee tyachya muleene samayik kelele kautumbik swapna purn karnyacha prayatna mhanoon. tyane marinsky ballemadhil majee balley starr andrei petrovic bosovla kalatmak digdarshak mhanoon niyukt kele. bosovne russian shahee paramparechi natyagruhat olakh karoon dilee, jyala nantar tyachya navavarun naav denyat aale. karyakram. bbt varshbhar chalanara prashikshan karyakram aanee unhalyacha sakhol karyakram donhi dete. prashikshan karyakram vaganova paramparenusar chalavale jaatat. varshbhar varshbhar karyakramat nondani kelelya vidyarthyanni tyanchya nrutyanatya prashikshanavyatirikt itar sthanik aanee aantarrashtriy madhyamik shaletil vidyarthyansah emm. see. aay. madhye shaikshanik abhyaskram ghene aavashyak aahe. yaa natyagruhane maine, 16 rajye aanee 24 deshantil vidyarthyanna aakarshit kele aahe, jeey emm. see. aay. laa upasthit rahatat aanee aathvadyatun sahaa divas, divasatoon done tasanpeksha jaast, nrutyanatya shikatat. darvarshi bii. bii. tii. sthanik chitrapatgruhanmadhye aanee aupera hausmadhye natkraikarsarkhi balley nirmiti aanate. hii mandali aantarrashtriy daura dekhil karate aanee rashiyasarkhya deshanmadhye sadarikaran karate.

bosobh byale theater bosobh byale theater (bibati) ek gaira-nafamulak pradarshan company rar ek antarrashtriya purva-wyawasayik byale schol how, pitsfield, mainema awasthit chha. sann 1996 maa sthapit, yo ahile natalya nikolebhna gatemanko nirdeshanma mine kendriya sansthansanga sambadha chha. sthapana. theater sewaniwritta yu dwara sthapit garieko thiyo.ess. samudri kernel micheal wiley, uni rar unaki chhorile sajha gareko pariwarik sapana pura garne prayasko rupma. unle marinsky ballema purva byale starr andrey petrovich bosobhlai kalatmak nirdeshakko rupma bharti gare. bosobhle thieterma rusi shahi paramparako parichaya garae, june pachhi unko namama rakhieko thiyo. karyakram. bibatile warshai lamo prashikshan karyakram rar grishmakalin gahan karyakram duwai pradan gardacha. prashikshan karyakramharu waganobha paramparama garinchha. warshaibhariko karyakramma bharna bhaeka vidyarthiharule afno byale prashikshanka atirikta anya sthaniya rar antarrashtriya uccha vidyalayaka vidyarthiharusanga mccma shaikshik pathyakramharu lyne awashyak chha. thieterle maine, 16 rajya rar 24 deshka vidyarthiharulai akarshit gareko chha, jasle mcaima bhag linchhan rar haptako chha dina, dinko dui ghantabhanda badhi byale adhyayan garchhan. pratyek warsha bibatile sthaniya theater rar opera housema natakryakar jasta byale prodaksanharu lyaunchha. yo tolile rusajasta deshharuma pradarshan gardai antarrashtriya bhraman pani gardacha.

bosobh byale theatre bosobh byale theatre (bibiti) eka analabhakari pradarshan company ebong eka antarjatija prack-bruttigata byale bidyalaja, pitsfield, mainere abasthita . 1996 ray sthapita, ehaa bartamana natalya nikolebhana gatemank nirdeshare maine kendriah anusthana sahita anubandhita . pratistha. theatrety abasaraprapta jayu. nka dwara pratistha karajaithila.ess. samudrika cornell michael waili, taanka ebong taanka jhiara eka paribarika swapna purana karibara prayasa bhabare. shay marinsky byalere purbatana byale starr andrey petrovich bosobhnku kalatmaka nirdeshaka bhabare nijukti deithile. bosobh rushiah samrajya paramparaku thietarare prabartana karithile, jaahaa parey taanka naamare namit hoithila . karjyakram. bibiti ubhaja barshabyapee talim karjyakram ebong eka grishmakalina nibida karjyakram pradan kare . prasikhyana karjyakramagudika bhyaganova paramparare parichalita hue . barshasara chalithiba ehi karjyakramare naama lekhaithiba chhatrachhatrimane semananka byale talim byatita anya sthaniah ebong antarjatija haiskul chhatrachhatrinka saha emm. sii. aai. ray academic pathyakrama neba aabasyaka. theatrety maine, maine rajya ebong ebong desharu chhatrachhatrinku akrusta karichhi, jeunmane emm. sii. aai. ray joga dianti ebong dinaku dui ghantaru adhika, saptahare chhaa deane byale adhyajana karanti. pratibarsha bibiti sthaniah theatre ebong apera houseku natakrakar pari byale prodoxon aanithae . ehi dala rushia bhali deshare pradarshan curry antarjatija gastare madhya jaithae.

boswo baile theatre boswo baile theatre (bbt) ikk gair-munafa pardarshan curran vaali company atey ikk antarashtari pree-professional baile school haii, joe pitsfield, maine witch sathit haii. 1996 witch sathapit, ih hunn natalia nikolevna gateman dey nirdesh heth, maine kendri sanstha naal sambandhit haii. sathapana. theatre dee sathapana sevamukt yuu duaara keeti gaee see.aiss. samundari karnal michael viley, uss dey atey uss dee dhee duaara sanjhe keete gaye parivarak supniaan noon poora curran dee koshish vajon. uss neey marinsky baile witch ikk sabka baile starr andry petrovic boswov noon kalatmak nirdeshak vajon bharti keeta. boswov neey theatre witch russie shaahi parampra dee shuruat keeti, jiss daa naam baad witch uss dey naam utte rakkhiaa giaa. program. bbt saal bharr dey sikhlai program atey garmiaan dey teebar program dovan dee peshkash karda haii. sikhlai program vagnova parampra witch keete jaande hunn. saal bharr challan vaale program witch dakhla lainn vaale vidiaarthiaan noon aapni baile sikhlai toon ilava horr sathanak atey antarashtari hyee school dey vidiaarthiaan dey naal aimm. see. aaee. witch akadamik course curran dee zaroorat hundi haii. theatre neey poore maen, 16 raajan atey 24 deshan dey vidiaarthiaan noon aakarshit keeta haii, joe aim. see. aaee. witch hissa lainde hunn atey hafte witch chhe dinn, dinn witch doou ghante toon vaddh baile daa adhiaen karde hunn. harr saal bee. bee. tii. sathanak theatre atey opera haaoos witch netcracker varge baile production liaunda haii. ih mandali roos varge deshan witch pardarshan karde hoye antarashtari paddhar 'teey vee yaatra kardi haii.

bosov byaale naatyam bosov-byaale-naatyam (bii. bii. tii.) ekaha laabharahit-pradarshana-samsthaa, tathaa cha pitsfield, maine-nagare sthitah antaaraashtriyah poorva-vyaavasaayik-byaale-vidyaalayah asti. 1996 tame varshe sthaapitam, adhunaa natalya nikolevanaa getman ityasya nirdeshena, maine-kendriya-samsthayaa saha sambaddham asti. samsthaapayati. nivruttah yoo ityanena asya natyashalayaha sthapana abhavat.ess. mareen carnell mckell vailee, tasya putryaa cha saha militam paarivaarikam swapnam safalam kartum prayatamanah. saha marinsky-byaale ityasmin poorva-byaale-taram endre petrovic bosov ityenam kalaatmak-nirdeshakatvena niyuktavaan. bosov ityayam russian-saamraajyaparamparaayaah natyashalam pravartayat, yasya naam pashchat tasya namna krutam. kaaryakramah. bee. bee. tea. samsthayaa varshaanteey-prashikshan-kaaryakramah, greeshmakaaleen-gahan-kaaryakramah cha pradadaati. prashikshanakaryakramah vaganovaa-paramparayam aacharyante. varsha-deergha-kaaryakrame naamaankitaah chhaatraah anyaih sthaniyaihi antaaraashtriyaih cha ucchavidyaalayebhyaha chhaatraih saha emm. sii. aii. madhye shaikshanik-pathyakraman sweekartum aavashyakam bhavati, teshaam byaale-prashikshanat atiriktam. natakarangasya madhyamena, 16 raajyeshu, 24 desheshu cha chhaatraah aakarshitaah santi, ye emm. sii. aii. ityatra pratidinam dvivaaram yaavat, saptaahe shanmaasebhyah adhikatayaa, byaale-adhyayanm api kurvanti. prativarsham bee. bee. tea., natkraakar ityadinam byaale-nirmaanaani sthaniya-natyashalasu, operaa-house ityatra cha aanayati. eshah samoohah antarashtriyaparyatanam karoti, rashyaa-desheshu api pradarshanm karoti.

bosov paalae theater bosov paalae theater (pipidi) enbathu oru ilaaba noakkattra seyalthiran niruvanam mattrum oru sarvadesa muun-thozhilmurai paalae palli, mainevin pitsfieldil amainthullathu. 1996 aam aandil niruvapatta idhu ippoathu nadalya nikolevna kedman vazhikaattuthalin keezh mainae matthiya niruvanaththudan inaikkappattullathu. niruvuthal. inththa thiraiyarangai oaivu pettra yuu.ess. marain curnell michael vaili, avarum avarathu magalum pagirnthu konda oru kudumba kanavai niraivaettrum muyarchiyaaga. avar marinsky paalaeyil munnaal paalae natchatthiramaana andrey petrovich posovai kalai iyakkunaraaka niyamitthaar. russia aekaathipaththiya bhaarambariyaththai bosov naadaga arangkirku arimugapaduththinaar, pinnar adhu avarathu peyaraal peyaridappattathu. thittam. pipidi aandu muzhuvathum payirchi thittam mattrum koadai theevira thittam aagiya irandaiyum valangkukirathu. payirchith thittangal vaganova bhaarambariyaththil maerkollappadugindrana. aandu muzhuvathum nadaiperum inththa thittaththil saerum maanavargal thangal paalae payirchiyudan koodudhalaaga, ulloor mattrum sarvadesa uyarnilaip palli maanavargaludan emm. chii. aii. yill kalvi padippugalai edukka vaendum. inththa thiraiyarangam mainae, 16 maanilangkal mattrum 24 naadugalaich saerntha maanavargalai eerththullathu, avarkal emm. chii. aii. yill kalandhu kolgiraargal mattrum vaaraththil aaru naatkalum oru naalaikku irandu manii neeraththirkum maelaaga paalae padikkiraarkal. ovvoru aandum pipidi nadgrakar poantra paalae thayaarippukalai ulloor thiraiyarangkukal mattrum ooparaa havusukku kondu varukirathu. inthak kuzhu sarvadesa alavil suttruppayanam maerkondu russia poantra naadugalil nigazhchchigalai nigazhththukirathu.

bosov ballet theatre bosov ballet theatre (bbt) anedi laabhaapekshaleni pradarsana samstha mariyu antarjaateeya prii-professional ballet paatasaala, idhi maine looni pitsfieldlo undhi. 1996loe sthaapinchabadina idhi ippudu natalya nikolavna getman aadhvaryamlo maine central instituto anubandhamgaa undhi. sthaapinchaaru. eee rangasthalaanni padavee viramana chesina yuu sthaapinchaaru.ess. merine kalnal maikhel vailee, athanu mariyu athani kumarte panchukunna kutumba kalanu neraverchadaaniki chesina prayatnamgaa. athanu marinsky ballet loe maajee ballet starr ayina andree petrovic bossov nuu kalaatmaka darsakudigaa niyaminchaadu. bosov russian saamraajya sampradaayaanni rangasthalaaniki parichayam chesaadu, taruvaata dheeniki athani paeru pettaru. karyakramam. bbt edaadi podavunaa sikshanaa karyakramam mariyu vesavi intensive programme rendintinee andistundi. sikshana karyakramalu vaganova sampradaayamlo nirvahinchabadataayi. edaadi podavunaa jarige eee kaaryakramamlo namodu chesukunna vidyaarthulu vaari ballet shikshanhato paatu itara sthaanika mariyu antarjaateeya unnata paatasaala vidyaarthulatho paatu emm. sii. ii. loe vidya korsulu cheyavalasi untundi. eee theatre maine, 16 rashtraalu mariyu 24 deshaala nundi vidyaarthulanu aakarshinchindi, vaaru emm. sii. ii. kii haajaravutaaru mariyu rojuku rendu gantalaku paiga, vaaraaniki aaru rojulu byaaletnu adhyayanam chestaaru. prati samvatsaram eee bbc natkrakar vanti ballet nirmaanaalanu sthaanika theatres mariyu opera houselaku teesukuvastundi. eee brundam russia vanti deshaalalo pradarsanalu istuu antarjaateeyamgaa kooda paryatistundi.

bosso belay theater bosaswo belay theater (bee bee tye) eek ghair munafa bakhash karkardgi kaa mazahirah karnay waali company aur eek beenn alaqwami paree professional belay school hay juu puts feld meen mein waaqa hay. 1996 mein qayem kiyaa gayaa yaha abb nataliya necolayna gait meen kii hidayat parr meen central insity teut say waabistah hay. bunyaad. theater kii bunyaad retired yuu nay rakhee thee.aiss. mirian karnal michael waili eek khaandaani khwaab kuu poraa karnay kii koshish kay toor parr juu iss nay aur iss kii betty nay mushtarkah toor parr dekha thaa. iss nay marensky belay kay saabiq belay staar andry patrovich bosaswo kuu artistic director kay toor parr bharti kiyaa. bosaswo nay rosee shaahi rawayat kuu theater mein mutaarif karaya jiss kaa naam baad mein inn kay naam parr rakhaa gayaa. prograam. bee bee tye saal bhar kaa tarbiti prograam aur mosam garma kaa eek intehayi prograam donon paish kartaa hay. tarbiti prograam vagnova rawayat mein anjaam diye jaatay haine. saal bhar kay prograam mein daakhlah leenay waalay talbaa kuu apnee belay kii tarbiyat kay elawah deegar maqami aur beenn alaqwami hayee school kay talbaa kay saath ayem see aayee mein taleemi courses leenay kii zarurat hoti hay. theater nay meen 16 riyasaton aur 24 mamalik kay talbaa kuu apnee taraf matujah kiyaa hay juu ayem see aayee mein sharkat kartay haine aur dunn mein duu ghantay say ziyadah haftay mein chh dunn belay kaa mutalah kartay haine. harr saal bee bee tye maqami theaters aur opera house mein nutt karekar jaisi belay production laataa hay. yaha tolp beenn alaqwami satah parr bhee dorah kartaa hay roos jeesay mamalik mein perform kartaa hay.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2179120

Charles S. Howard

Charles S. Howard American businessman Charles Stewart Howard (February 28, 1877 – June 6, 1950) was an American businessman. He made his fortune as an automobile dealer and became a prominent thoroughbred racehorse owner. Biography. Howard was dubbed one of the most successful Buick salesmen of all time. He bought the soon-to-be-famous horse Seabiscuit. According to Laura Hillenbrand's , Howard's early car dealership in San Francisco was given a boost by the hand of fate; on the day of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, he was one of the few individuals who had operational vehicles in the city, and was thus able to help the rescue effort significantly. In 1921, long before he bought Seabiscuit, Charles Howard purchased the Ridgewood Ranch at Willits in Mendocino County. His 15-year-old son, Frankie, died there in 1926 after a truck accident on the property (the elder Howard established the Frank R. Howard Memorial Hospital as a memorial to his son). Used as a secondary residence, by the 1930s Howard had converted part of the ranch into a thoroughbred horse breeding and training center. Although Seabiscuit was the most famous resident at Ridgewood Ranch, Charles Howard owned many horses in his secondary career as a Thoroughbred owner including Kayak II (also Kajak) and Hall of Fame colt Noor, the first of only two horses to defeat two U.S. Triple Crown champions. Death. Charles Howard died of a heart attack in 1950 and was buried in the Cypress Lawn Memorial Park in Colma, California. Ridgewood Ranch was sold by his heirs, with some of the horses sent to his son Lindsay's Binglin Stable in Moorpark, California. External links. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

charls ess. houard charls stewart haward (28 february, 1877-6 june, 1950) ejon aamerikan byowoxayi aasil. teu ejon automobile dilor hisape nijor bhagyo nirman korisil aaru egoraki bixisto xompurno bongxor resharsor maalik hoi porisil. jiwani. hawardok xorbokalor ataitkoi xofol bikreta hisape obhihito koraa hoisil. teu oti xunkalei bikhyat ghurar sabiskuttu kinisil. laara hillenbrandor mote, chaan franchisokur hawardor prarombhik garir bikretak bhagyor haator dwara utxah diya hoisil; 1906 sonor chaan francisoku bhumikompor dinaa, teu sohorkhonot karjyokori baahon thoka keikhonman byoktir bhitorot ejon aasil, aaru enedore uddhar prochestat ullekhjugyobhabe xohay koriboloi xokhyom hoisil. 1921 sonot, teu chi-chiskit kroy korar bohu aagote, charls howarde mendusinu countyt uilito ridgood rengso kroy korisil. 1926 sonot xompotitut ek truck durghotonar pisot teur 15 bosoriya putro frankyr mrityu hoisil (jyestho howarde frank aar protistha korisil. teur putror smritixoudho hisape hourd mem "real sikitsaloy). 1930 sonor bhitorot gouno baxosthan hisape byobohar koraa howarde resor etaa ongxok xompurno projononor ghura projonon aaru proxikhyon kendroloi rupantorit korisil. jodiu sibiskut ridgood rengsor ataitkoi bikhyat baxinda aasil, charls howarde teur gouno keriyarot kayak II (logote kajak) aaru holl owo fame coult nuroke dhori xompurno bongxogot maalik hisape bohutu ghurar maalik aasil, jitu dutaa euk porasto koraa maatro dutaa ghurar bhitorot prothom aasil.ess. trigun mukut champion. mrityu. 1950 sonot charls howardor hridrugot mrityu hoy aaru californier kolmar cypress lonn mem "real parkot teuk xomadhistho koraa hoy. ridgood rengso teur uttoradhikarixokole bikri korisil, kisuman ghura teur putro lindser binglin stableloi californier murparkot preron koraa hoisil.

charles esha. haward charles stuart haward (february 28,1877-june 6,1950) ekjon markin byabasayi chhilen. tini ekjon automobile byabasayi hisabe taanr bhagyo orjon korechilen ebong ekjon bishishto reshorse malik hoye othen. jeeboni. hawardke sorbokaler onnotomo sofol bikreta hisebe abhihito koraa hoyechilo. tini shighroi bikhyato ghodar samudrik bason kinechilen. laura hillenbrander motey, shaan franciscote hawarder prathomik gaadi byabasayitwa bhagyer haat theke briddhi peyechilo; 1906 saaler shaan francisco bhumikamper deane, tini seii koyekjon byaktir modhye ekjon chhilen jaader shohore karjokori janbahon chhilo ebong eibhabe uddhar prochestake ullekhjoggobhabe sahajyo korte sokkhom hoyechilen. 1921 saale, tini samudrik bason kenara onek agey, charles haward mendocino kauntir uilite ridgood khamarti kinechilen. taanr 15 bochor vayasi chhele franki 1926 saale ekti truck durghotonar porr sekhane maaraa zaan (borh haward franc arr protistha corren. taanr putrer smritisoudho hisabe haward memorial hospital). 1930-err doshke haward ekti gouno basosthan hisabe byabohrito hoyechilo, jaa khamarer ekti ongshoke ekti sampurna projatir ghoda prajanan ebong proshikkhon kendre rupantarita korechilo. jodio sibiskut chhilo redood rancher sabcheye bikhyato basinda, charles haward taar dwitiya kormojibone kayak dwitiya (echhadao kazak) ebong holl off phema coult noar soho onek ghodar malik chhilen, jaa duti eu-keey porajito koraa matro duti ghodar modhye prothom.esha. triple krauna champion. mrityu. charles haward 1950 saale hridroge akranto hoye maaraa zaan ebong californier kolmar cypress lonn memorial parke taanke somahito koraa hoy. taanr uttoradhikarira redood khamar bikri korey deena, ebong kichhu ghoda taanr chhele lindsey-err kachhe pathano hoy, jaa californier murparker bingliner astabal.

charles aesa. haward charles stuart hovarda (februari 28,1877-juuna 6,1950) aek american udhyogpati hataa. temane automobile dealer tareeke potaanu naseeb banaavyu aneey aek agranee sampoorn racehores maaleek banyaa. jivancharitra. hovardne tamaam samaynaa sauthee safal khariddaar vechankartaomana aek tareeke odakhvaamaa aavyaa hataa. temane toonk samayma prakhyaat ghodo sibiscute khareedhyo. laura hillenbrandnaa janaavya anusaar, saana franciscoma hawardnee praarambhik kaar dealershipne bhagyana haaththee protsaahan aapvama aavyu hatoo; hatoo; saana francisco bhookampna divase, teey aevaa ketlaak vyaktiomaanaa aek hataa jaimnee paase shaherma kaaryarat vaahano hataa, aneey aama bachaav prayasma nondhpaatra reete madad karvaamaa saksham hataa. hataa, temane seabiskit khareedhyu tenaa ghanaa samay pahelaa, charles howarde mandosino kaauntimaa vasaahatmaa reasewood raanch khareedhyu hatoo. temnaa 15 varshnaa putra, franky, franky meelkat parr truck akasmaat pachhi tyaan mrutyu pamya hataa (motaa howarde frank aar. nee sthaapnaa curry hatee. temnaa putranaa smaarak tareeke hovarda memorial hospital). hospital) daaykaa sudhimaa gaun nivassthan tareeke upyogmaa levaata hawarde khetarnaa bhagne sampoorn jaatinaa ghodaana samvardhan aneey taaleem kendramaa rupantarit curry deedho hato. sibiscute reasewood raanchmaa sauthee prasiddh rahevasi hovaa chhataa, charles hovarda temnee gaun kaarkirdimaa kayak II (kajak pann) aneey holl off phema colt noar saheet sampoorn jaatinaa maaleek tareeke ghanaa ghodaao dharaavtaa hataa, jeey beey yune haravnara maatra beey ghodaomathi pratham hataa.aesa. triple kraaun champiyan. mrutyu. charles hovarda hovarda hradayrognaa humalaathi mrutyu pamya hataa aneey temne keliforniyana kolmaamaa cyprus lonn memorial parkma dafnavvama aavyaa hataa. temnaa vaarasdaro dwara reasewood khetar vechvaamaa aavyu hatoo, jemaa ketlaak ghodaao temnaa putra lindsena binglin stablene keliforniyana murpaarkmaa mokalvaamaa aavyaa hataa.

charles aiss. haward charles stuart howard (28 farwari, 1877-6 juuna, 1950) ack americi vyavasaayi they. unhone ack automobile dealer key roop mein apana bhaagya banaaya aur ack pramukh nasl key ghode key malik bunn gaye. jeevani. howard koo abb taka key sabse safal kharidar vikretaon mein seey ack kahaa jaataa thaa. unhone jald hii prasiddh honey vaale ghode kaa seabiscoot kharida. laura hillenbrand key anusaar, saine francisco mein howard kii shuruati kaar dealership koo bhaagya key haath seey badhaava diyaa gayaa thaa; 1906 key saine francisco bhookamp key dinn, vaha una kuchh vyaktiyon mein seey ack they jinake paas shahar mein parichaalan vaahan they, aur iss prakaar bachaav prayaas mein mahatvapurna madad karane mein saksham they. 1921 mein, seabiskit khareedane seey bahut pahale, charles howard ney mendocino county mein vaseeyat mein rizwood khet kharida. unake 15 varsheeya bete, franky kii 1926 mein sampatti parr ack truck durghatana key baad mrityu hoe gaee (badey howard ney frank aar kii sthaapana kii. unake bete key smaarak key roop mein howard memorial aspatal). 1930 key dashak taka haward ney khet key ack hisse koo ghode key prajanan aur prashikshan kendra mein parivartit curr diyaa thaa. halanki seabiskit rizwood khet mein sabse prasiddh nivasi thaa, charles howard key paas apane maadhyamik currier mein kaee ghode they, jisamen ack poorna nasl key malik key roop mein kayak II (kazakh bhee) aur holl off fame coult noar shamil they, joe dou yuu koo haraane vaale kewal dou ghodon mein seey pahala thaa.aiss. triple crown champion. mrityu. charles howard kii 1950 mein dill kaa daura padane seey mrityu hoe gaee aur unhein kolma, california mein cyprus lonn memorial park mein dafnaya gayaa. unake uttaradhikariyon ney kuchh ghodon koo unake bete lindsey key binglin stable koo moorpaark, california mein bheja thaa.

charles ess. hovard charles stewart hovard (phebravari 28,1877-zoon 6,1950) obba american udyamiyaagiddaru. aata automobile vyapariyagi tanna sampattannu galisidanu mattu pramukha rays haars maalikaraadaru. jivanacharitre. hovard avarannu saarvakaalika atyanta yashasvi maaraatagaararalli obbarendu kareyalaayitu. aata shighradalle prasiddhavaada kudure seabiscutannu khareedisidanu. laura hillenbrandna prakara, syaan franciscodallina howardna arambhika kaaru maaraatagaarikege adrushtada kaiyinda uttejana nidalaayitu; 1906 rahra syaan francisco bhookampada dinadandu, avaru nagaradalli karyacharaneya vaahanagalannu hondidda kelave vyaktigalalli obbaraagiddaru, mattu heegaagi raxana prayatnakke gamanarhavagi sahaaya maadalu saadhyavaayitu. 1921ralli, avaru seabiscute khareedisuva bahala hindeye, charles hovard avaru mendosino kountiya viltgalalli ridgewood ranch annu khareedisidaru. avara 15 varshada maga franky, 1926ralli aaa aastiya mele truck apaghaatada nantara allie nidhanaraadaru (hiriya hovard fraank aarr annu sthaapisidaru. avara magana smarakavagi hovard smaaraka aspatre). 1930rahra dashakada velege, eradaneya nivaasavaagi balasalaaguttidda hovard, ee kshetravannu kudure taligala tali belesuva mattu tarabeti kendravannagi parivartisittu. seabiscute ridgewood ranchnalli atyanta prasiddha nivasiyagiddaroo, charles hovard tanna dvitiya vrattijeevanadalli kayak II (kazakh) mattu haal off fame coult noor seridante aneka kuduregalannu hondiddaru, idu eradu yuu annu solisida kevala eradu kuduregalalli modalaneyadu.ess. trivali kireeta champiyangalu. saavu. charles hovard 1950ralli hrudayaghatadinda nidhanaraadaru mattu californiada kolmaadalliruva cypress laune memorial parknalli samadhi maadalaayitu. ridgewood ranch annu avana uttaraadhikaarigalu marata maadidaru, kelavu kuduregalannu californiada murparknalli avana maga lindseya binglin stablege kaluhisalaayitu.

chaals ezz. howard oru american bisinasukaaranaayirunnu chaals stuvartt howard (februvari 28,1877-juun 6,1950). oru automobile dealer enna nilayil addeham thante bhagyam sambaadikkukayum oru pramukha racehourse udamayaakukayum cheythu. jeevacharitram. ekkaalatheyum ettavum vijayakaramaya baike salesmanmaaril oralaayi howard visheshippikkappettu. taamasiyaathe prashasthamaaya kuthira seabiscoot addeham vaangi. lora hillenbrandinte abhipraayathil, saan fraansiskoyile hovaardinte aadyakaala kaar dealershipin vidhi oru uthejanam nalki; 1906 leeii saan francisco bhookambathinte divasam, nagaratthil pravarthanakshamamaaya vahanangalulla churukkam chila vyakthikalil oraalaayirunnu addeham, angane rakshaapravarthanathe ganyamaayi sahayikkaan addehathinu kazhinju. 1921-ll, seabyscute vaangunnathin valare munbuthanne, chaals howard mendosino kaundiyile vilttukalil ridjwood ranch vaangi. addehathinte 15 vayassulla makan franky 1926-ll oru truck apakadatthe thudarnnu avide vachu marichu (mootha howard frank aarr sthaapichu. addehathinte makante smaarakamaayi howard memorial ashupatri). 1930kalode randaamghatta thaamasthalamaayi upayogichirunna howard krishiyidathinte oru bhagam kuthira prajnana pariseelana kendramaakki maatti. ridjwood ranchile ettavum prashasthanaaya thaamasakkaaranaayirunnu seabyscute, chaals howard thante dvitheeya kariyaril kayak randaaman (kajak), haal oof faim coult noor ennivayulppede niravadhi kuthirakal swanthamaakki, rund yuu kuthirakale paraajayappedutthiya rund kuthirakalil aadyathethu.ezz. triple kireedam chaambyanmaar. maranam. 1950ll hridayaaghaatham moolam maricha chaals howardine kaaliforniyayile kolmayile cypress loonn memorial parkkil samskarichu. ridjwood ranch addehathinte anantharaavakaashikal vittu, chila kuthirakal kaaliforniyayile moorpaarkkile addehathinte makan lindseyude binglin stabililekku ayachu.

charles ess. haward charles stuart howard (28 februwari 1877-6 juuna 1950) haah eka american vyapari hota. tyane eka vahan vikreta mhanoon aapale nasheeb kamavale aanee eka pramukh uttam jaaticha sharyaticha ghoda malak banala. charitra. howardla sarvkalatil sarvat yashasvi kharedi vikretyanpaiki eka mhanoon sambodhale gele. tyane lavkarach prasiddha prasiddha ghodyachya cbscootchi kharedi kelee. laura hillenbrandchya matey, sann franciscomadhil howardchya suruvatichya qaar vikretyala niyatichya hatanni chalana midali; 1906 chya sann francisco bhookampachya divashi, too shaharat karyarat vahane asalelya mojkya vyaktinpaiki eka hota aanee asha prakare bachav prayatnanna lakshaniy madat karnyas saksham hota. 1921 madhye, seabiskit kharedi karnyachya khoop aadhi, charles howardney mendosino countymadhil willits yethe rijwood pharm vikat ghetale. tyancha 15 varshancha mulga franky 1926 madhye malmattevaril truck apghatanantar tethe maran pavala (jyeshth howardney phrank aar. chee sthapana kelee. tyachya mulache smarak mhanoon howard memorial hospital). hospital) dashkaparyant, duyyam nivassthan mhanoon vaparale jaanare haward yanni shetjaminicha kahee bhag ghodyanchya prajnan aanee prashikshan kendramadhye rupantarit keela hota. jaree seabiskit haah rijwood farmmadhil sarvat prasiddha rahivasi asala, taree charles howard yachyakade tyachya duyyam karkirdit kayak dusra (kajak dekhil) aanee holl auph fame coult noorsah anek ghode hote, jeey done yuu.ess. tiheri vijetepad. mrutyu. charles howard yanche 1950 madhye hrudayavikarachya zatkyane nidhan jhaale aanee tyanna californiatil kolma yetheel cyprus lonn memorial parkmadhye daphan karnyat aale. tyachya varasanni khadkal lakudatil shet vikale hote, kahee ghode californiatil murpark yetheel tyachya mulachya lindsechya binglinchya tafyat pathavale hote.

charles ess. haward charles stuart haward (february 28,1877-june 6,1950) ek americi wyapari thie. unle automobile dealerko rupma afno bhagya banae rar ek pramukh purna naslako reshers malik bane. jiwani. hawardlai sabai samayako sabaibhanda safal bick selsmanharu madhye ek bhaninchha. unle chaandai prasidha hune ghodako cbscoot kine. laura hillenbrandka anusar saan franciscoma hawardko prarambhik carr dealershiplai bhagyako hatle badhawa diieko thiyo; sann 1906 ko saan francisco bhukampako dina, uni saharma parichalan sawari sadhanharu bhaeka kehi wyaktiharu madhye ek thie, rar yasari uddhar prayaslai ullekhaniya rupma maddat garna saksham thie. sann 1921 maa, unle cbskit kinnubhanda dherai pahile, charles hawardle mendocino countyko wilitsma rizwod khet kine. unko 15 warshiya chhora, franky, sann 1926 maa sampattima truck durghatanapachhi tyahan marey (jetho hawardle frank arr sthapana gare. afno chhorako smarakko rupma haward memorial aspatal). sann 1930 ko dashakma hawardle khetko kehi bhaglai ghoda prajanan rar prashikshan kendrama parinat gareko thiyo. yadyapi cbskit rizwod khetma sabaibhanda prasidha niwasi thiyo, charles hawardle afno madhyamik careerma kayak dwitiya (kajak pani) rar hull aff fame coult noor sahit dherai ghodaharuko swamitwama thie, dui yu lai haraune kewal dui ghodaharu madhye pahilo.ess. triple croun champion. mrityu. charles hawardko sann 1950 maa hridayaghatbata mrityu bhayo rar unlai kolma, californiako cyprus lunn memorial parkma gadiyo. rizwod khet unka uttaradhikariharule becheka thie, kehi ghodaharu unko chhora lindseko binglin stablema morpark, californiama pathaiyo.

charles ess. haward charles stewart haward (februari 28,1877-june 6,1950) jane americae byabasajee thile. shay jane automobile dealer bhabare nijara bhagya arjan karithile ebong jane pramukh sampurna jaatira reshears malika hoithile. jeebani. hawardnku sarbakaleena sabutharu saphala biku selsman bhabare abhihita karajaithila. shay khub shighra prasidha hebaku thiba ghoda sii-biskit kinithile. laura hillenbrandnka anujai, saana franciscore hawardnka prarambhika carr dilarasipku bhagya dwara prostahana diajaithila; 1906 shaan francisco bhukampa deane, shay sehi alpa keteka byaktinka madhyaru jane thile jahanka pakhare saharare karjyakhyama yaana thila, ebong ehipari uddhara prajasare ullekhaneeah sahajya karibaku sakhyama hoithile . 1921 masihare, shay seabyscoot kiniba purbaru, charles haward mendocino kauntira wilitare rijwod farm kinithile. taanka 15 barsha bayaska pua phranki 1926 masihare eka truck durghatana parey sethare mrutyubarana karithile (budd haward phrank aarr pratistha karithile. taanka puara smaraki bhabe haward memorial hospital). 1930 dashaka suddha haward eka gauna abas bhabare byabahruta hoi, ehi chaash jamira kichhi anshaku eka sampurna prajnan ghoda prajnan ebong talim kendrare parinata karithila . jadio riz bood ranchare seabyscoot sabutharu prasidha basinda thile, charles haward taanka dwiteeja kyariarare kazak dwiteeja (madhya kazak) ebong hull off fame coult nuranka sameth jane sampurna prajnan malika bhabare aneka ghoda malika thile, jaahaa duiti jayu ku parasta karithiba kebala duiti ghoda madhyaru pratham .ess. tini mukut champion. mrutyu. 1950 masihare charles haward hrudaghaatare mrutyubarana karithile ebong californier kolmar cypros lunn memorial parkre tanku kabara diajaithila. taanka uttaradhikarimane riz bood farm bikri karithile, kichhi ghoda californier muraparkare thiba taanka pua lindasenka bingalin stableku pathajaithila .

charles aiss. haward charles stevert haward (28 farvari, 1877-6 juun, 1950) ikk amriki vapari see. uss neey ikk automobile dealer dey roop witch aapni kismat banayi atey ikk pramukh nasal dey ghode dey maalak bann giaa. jeevani. haward noon hunn takk dey sabh toon safal vikann vaale vikretavan vicchon ikk karaar ditta giaa see. uss neey jaldi hii prasidh ghode daa seabiscuit kharidiaa. laura hillenbrand dey anusar, sainn francisco witch haward dee shuruati qaar dealership noon kismat dey hatth naal hulara ditta giaa see; 1906 dey sainn francisco bhuchal dey dinn, uh unhan kujh viaktiaan vicchon ikk see jinhan dey shehar witch sanchalan vaahan sunn, atey iss tarahan uh bachaa dey yatnan witch mahattavpuran sahaita curran dey yog sunn. 1921 witch, seabiscuit kharidan toon bahut pahilan, charles haward neey mandocino county witch wilts vikhe rijwod farm kharidiaa. uss dey 15 saala puttar, franky dee 1926 witch ikk truck hadse toon baad maut hoow gaee see (vadde haward neey frank aar dee sathapana keeti see. aapne puttar dee yadgar vajon haward yadgari hospital). 1930 dey dahake takk, haward neey khet dey ikk hisse noon ghode dey prajanan atey sikhlai kendra witch badal ditta see. halanki seabiscuit rijwod rench daa sabh toon mashur vasneek see, charles haward cole aapne secondary carrier witch ikk changi nasal dey maalak vajon bahut saare ghode sunn jinhan witch kayak II (kajak vee) atey haal aaf fame coult noor shamal sunn, joe doou yuu noon haraun vaale siraf doou ghodiaan vicchon pahila see.aiss. triple taaj champion. maut. charles haward dee sann 1950 witch dill daa daura painn naal maut hoow gaee atey uhanan noon kolma, california witch cyprus lyon memorial park witch dafnaiaa giaa. rijwod khet noon uss dey vaarsan duaara wetch ditta giaa see, jiss vicchon kujh ghode uss dey puttar lindsey dey binglin astable noon morpark, california witch bheje gaye sunn.

charles ess. haward charles stevert howard (februvari 28,1877-joon 6,1950) ekaha amerikeeyah vyaapaari aasit. saha vaahanavikretaaroopen swabhaagyam sampaadya, pramukhah res-haars-swami abhavat. jeevanacharitram. haward sarvakaalikasya saphalatamaasu krayavikretrushu anyatamah iti khyaatah aasit. saha sheeghramev prasidham ashvasya see-biscut krinaat. lauraa hillenbrand ityasya matena, syaan-francisco-nagare haward-ityasya praarambhik-kaar-vikretrutvam bhagyasya hastena vardhitam aasit; 1906 tame varshe syaan-francisco-bhukampasya dine, saha katipayeshu vyaktishu anyatamah aasit, yasyaam nagare kaaryasheel-vaahanaani aasan, tathaa cha uddharaprayase mahattvapoornaroopena sahayyam kartum samarthah aasit. 1921 tame varshe, see-biscut-krinaat bahu poorvam, charles haward ityeshah mendosino-kauntee-nagarasya wilsits-nagare ridjwod-rench-kshetram krinaat. tasya 15 varsheeyah putrah franky 1926 tame varshe sampatteh upari trakku-durghatanayaha anantaram tatra mrutah (jyeshtah howard ityeshah frank aar samsthaapayat. tasya putrasya smaarakaroopen haward-smaarak-chikitsaalayah). 1930 tame dashake, dviteeyakanivaasaroopena prayuktah haward-pradesha, kshetrasya bhaagam, ashvaprajanam prashikshanakendram cha iti poornaroopen parivartayat. yadyapi seabyscoot iteedam ridjwod-rench-madhye sarvaadhikam prasidhah nivaasinah aasit, tathaapi charles haward ityeshah swasya dwiteeyak-vruttijeevanasya poorna-vamshasya swaameeroopen anekaan ashwan svakeeyavaan, yatra kayaak-dwiteeyah (kaajak api), haal-aaf-fame coult-noor cha antarbhavanti, yat dwau yu-ityetau parajitya kevalam dwau ashwayoh prathamah aasit.ess. trivaaram kireetawijetruh. mrutyuhu. charles haward 1950 tame varshe hrudayaaghaatena mrutah, tathaa cha california-deshasya kolmaa-nagarasya saipras-laan-smaarak-udyaane samaadhitah. ridjwod-kshetram tasya uttaradhikaribhihi vikreeyat, kechan ashwaah tasya putraya lindsey ityasya kaaliforneeyaadeshasya murr paark-nagare sthitasya binglin-sthale preshitaah.

charles ess. havurd charles stevard hovard (pipravari 28,1877-juun 6,1950) oru america thozhilathibar aavaar. avar oru automobile deelaraaga thanathu selvaththai sambathiththaar mattrum oru mukiya muzhumaiyaana inap kudhirai urimaiyalaraanaar. suyasaridhai. ellah kaalaththilum migavum vetrtrikaramaana virpanaiyaalargalil oruvaraaga hovard alaikkappattaar. viraivil pirabalamaagavirukkum kudhirai seepiskattai avar vaankinaar. lauda hillen brandin koottruppadi, chaan franciscovil ulla hovertin aarambagaala kaarr dealership vithiyin kaiyal ookkamaliththathu; 1906 chaan francisco poogampaththin naalil, nagaraththil seyalpaattu vaaganangkalaik kondirundha sila thaninabarkalil ivarum oruvar, ithanaal meetpu muyarchikku kanisamaaga udhava mudinthathu. 1921 aam aandil, avar seabiscut vaangkuvatharku neenda kaalaththirku munbae, charles hovard mentosino kavundiyil ulla willitzil ridjewood pannaiyai vaankinaar. avarathu 15 vayathu magan, franki, 1926 aam aandil oru druck vibaththukkup piragu angku iranthaar (mooththa hovard frank aarr. aii niruvinaar. avarathu maganin ninaivaaga hovard ninaivu maruthuvamanai). 1930 kazhil irandaam nilai illamaaga payanpaduththappatta hovard, pannaiyin oru paguthiyai oru muzhumaiyaana kudhirai inapperukkam mattrum payirchi maiyamaaga maattriyathu. kadal karuvi ridjewood panaiyil migavum pirabalamaana kudiyiruppaalaraaga irunththapoathilum, charles hovard thanathu irandaam nilai vaazhkkaiyil kayak II (kajak) mattrum haal off fame coult noar ullitta pala kudhiraigalai sonthamaaga vaiththirunthaar, idhu irandu kuthiraigalil muthal irandu kuthiraigal mattumae.ess. moontru kireedam saambiyangal. maranam. 1950 aam aandil maaradaippaal charles hovard iranthaar, maelum californiavin kolmaavil ulla cypress pulveli ninaivu poongaavil adakkam seiyappattaar. californiavin moarpaarkil ulla avarathu magan lindsayin binglin stableuku anuppapatta sila kuthiraigaludan, avarathu vaarisugalaal ridjewood pannai virkappattathu.

charless ess. hovard charless stevert howard (fibravari 28,1877-juun 6,1950) oka american vyaapaaravaetta. athanu automobile dealerga thana sampadanu sampaadinchi, pramukha jaathi gurrapu yajamani ayyadu. jeevita charitra. howard anni kalalalo atyanta vijayavantamaina konugoludaarulalo okarigaa piluvabaddadu. athanu tvaralo prasiddhi chendina gurrapu seabiscutenu konugolu chesaadu. laura hillenbrand prakaram, shaan franciscolo howard yokka prarambha kaaru dealershipku vidhi chetula dwara ootam labhinchindi; 1906 shaan francisco bhookampam rojuna, nagaramlo kaaryaacharana vahanalanu kaligi unna koddimandilo athanu okadu, tadwara rakshana prayatnaaniki gananeeyamgaa sahayapaddadu. 1921loe, athanu seabiscute konugolu cheyadaaniki chaalaa kaalam mundu, charless howard mendosino kounteelooni wilts vadda ridgewood gaddibeedunu konugolu chesaadu. athani 15 yella kumarudu franky 1926loe aaa aastipai jarigina truck pramaadam tarvaata akkada maraninchaadu (pedda howard fraank aarr nuu sthaapinchaadu. athani kumarudi smaaraka chihnamgaa howard smaaraka aasupatri). 1930la natiki rendava nivasamga upayoginchina howard, gaddibeedulo kontha bhaganni gurrapu pempakam mariyu sikshanaa kendramgaa maarchindi. seabiscute ridgewood ranch loe atyanta prasiddha nivasi ayinappatikee, charless howard thana dviteeya vruttiloo kayak II (kajak kooda) mariyu haall off fame coult noor thoo sahaa aneka gurralanu kaligi unnadu, rendu yuu lanu oodinchina rendu gurraalalo modatidi.ess. triple kireetam vijaetalu. maranam. charless howard 1950loe gundepotuto maraninchaadu mariyu californialoni kolmaaloni cyprus laan memorial paarkulo khananam cheyabaddaadu. ridgewood gaddibeedunu athani vaarasulu vikrayinchaaru, konni gurralanu californialoni moorpaarklo unna athani kumarudu lindsay yokka binglin stableku pampaaru.

charlis aiss. howard charlis stuart howard (28 faroori 1877-6 joone 1950) eek americi taajir thay. iss nay eek automobile dealer kay toor parr apnee qasmat banayi aur eek mashhur nasal kay rees haars kaa maalik bunn gayaa. sawanah umri. howard kuu abb takk kay sabb say kamiyab buck seils meen mein say eek qaraar diyaa gayaa. iss nay jald hyee mashhur honay waala ghoday kaa see bisket kharida. laura haleen brandz kay mutabiq saan francesco mein howard kii ibtadayi kaar delarship kuu qasmat kay haath say farogh diyaa gayaa thaa. 1906 kay saan francesco zalzalay kay dunn wah inn chand afraad mein say eek thay jinn kay paas shehar mein operational gaadiyan thein aur iss tarah wah bachao kii koshishon mein numayan madad karnay mein kamiyab rahay. 1921 mein see bisket khareedne say behat pehley charlis howard nay mandoceno county mein wilts mein rudg wode rench kharida. inn kaa 15 saalah betaa frenki 1926 mein jayedad parr eek trick haadise kay baad wahaan inteqal kirr gayaa (baday howard nay frank aar qayem kiyaa. howard memorial hospital batoor yaadgaar inn kay betay kii). 1930 kii dahayi takk howard nay kheet kay eek hasay kuu eek makmal nasal kay ghoday kii afzaish aur tarbiti markaz mein tabdil kirr diyaa thaa. agarcha see bisket rudd wode rench kaa sabb say mashhur rehaishi thaa charlis howard apnay saanvi carrier mein eek makmal nasal kay maalik kay toor parr behat say ghodon kay maalik thay jinn mein keek dom (kaajak bhee) aur haal aaf faim coult noor shaamil thay juu duu yuu kuu shakast deenay waalay sarf duu ghodon mein say pehla thaa.aiss. triple karaon champine. moth. charlis howard 1950 mein dall kaa dorah padnay say inteqal kirr gayey aur inhein kolma california kay cypers laan memorial paark mein dafan kiyaa gayaa. rudd wode kheet kuu iss kay waarison nay farokhat kiyaa thaa kachh ghoday morpark california mein iss kay betay lundsey kay bunglin stable kuu bhejay gayey thay.

fffc96a1c94de9c02edec6f3bd0ee0b492b145ca9d14ab24bb1457209e3f40fa

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21484838

St. Vrtanes I

St. Vrtanes I Vrtanes also known Saint Vrtanes () was the 14th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Armenian Apostolic Church serving from 333 until his death in 341. In 333, Vrtanes succeeded Aristaces as third in line in the then-hereditary Parthian line of the Catholicos of the Armenian Catholic Church. Vrtanes was the first son born to St. Gregory I the Illuminator by his wife Miriam and his younger brother was St. Aristaces I. He was the father of St. Husik I and Gregory. He died on 341 in which he was replaced by his eldest son, St. Husik I, as the next Catholicos-Patriarch.

che. vertains aai vortains, jaak saint vortains buliu jonaa yaay, aasil armenian apostolic girjar 14tomo kethliks-patriarch ji 333 sonor poraa 341 sonot teur mrityu porjonto xewa aagborhaisil. 333 sonot verteness armenian ketholik girjar ketholikchor tetiyar bongxogot parthian bongxor tritiyo shreni hisape obhijatxokolor uttoradhikari hoisil. vortains aasil saintor prothom putro. greguri aai teur potni miriyamor dwara alukito koraa aaru teur xoru bhatri aasil saint. obhijatxokol I. teu aasil saintor pitri. husik aai aaru gregori. 341 sonot teur mrityu hoy zo 'too teur thait teur jyestho putro chent. husik-1, poroborti ketholik-dexprobhu hisape.

seenta. vertaness aaee vortans, jini seenta vortans nameo porichito, chhilen armenian apostolic girjar 14tomo catholic-patriarch, jini 333 khristabdo theke 341 khristabde taanr mrityu porjonto dayitto palon korechilen. 333 khristabde, vortanra armenian catholic girjar kyatholikder tatkalin bongshogoto parthian bongsher tritiya sarite abhijatder uttoradhikari hohn. vortans chhilen center prothom putro. gregori prothom taanr stree miriamer dwara alokito ebong taanr chhoto bhai seenta. abhijatora I. tini chhilen center pita. husik aaee ebong gregori. 341 khristabde tini maaraa zaan ebong taanr stholabhishikto hohn taanr jyestho putro seenta. poroborti catholic-deshpremik hisabe prothom husik.

saint. vertains I vertains, jene sant vertains pann kahevaay chhe, teey armeniyan apostolic churchna churchna ketholik-patriarch hataa, jeey 333 thee 341 maan temnaa mrutyu sudhee sevaa aaptaa hataa. hataa, vertains umraavo pachhi armeniyan ketholik churchna ketholik lokonee teey samaynee vaarsaagat parthian vanshamaa trija krame aavyaa hataa. vertains sentnaa janmela pratham putra hataa. greegory pratham temnee patnee miriyam dwara prakashit prakashak aneey temnaa naana bhaai saint hataa. umraavo I. teo sentnaa pitaa hataa. huseek I aneey greegory. greegory roj temnu avsaan thayu hatoo, jemaa temnaa sthaane temnaa sauthee motaa putra saint. huseek pratham, aagaami ketholik-pitrupradhan tareeke.

sent. vertaness aaee vertaness, jinhen sant vertaness bhee kahaa jaataa haye, armenian apostolic church key 14vein catholic-patriarch they, joe 333 seey 341 mein apani mrityu taka seva curr rahey they. 333 mein, vertains armenian catholic church key catholics key tatkalin vanshaanugat parthian vansh mein teesare sthaan parr abhijaat varg key roop mein safal hue. vertaness sent key pahale bete they. gregory aaee unaki patni mariam dwara prakaashit prakaashak aur unake chhote bhaai sent they. abhijaat varg I. way sent key pitaa they. husik aaee aur gregory. 341 mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee, jisamen unake sabse badey bete sent ney unaki jagah lii. agale catholic-sanrakshak key roop mein.

saint. vertans aii vertans endoo kareyalpaduva vertans () armeniyan apostolic churchna 14 neey catholicos-petriyarkanagi 333 rinda 341 ralli avana maranadavaregu seve sallisuttiddanu. 333ralli, armeniyan catholic churchna catholicosna andina aanuvamshika parthian vamshadalli moorane sthaanadalli vertains srimanta vargadavara uttaraadhikaariyaadaru. vertans sentge janisida modala maga. gregori I, aatana patni miriam mattu aatana kiriya sahodara saint. kuleenaru I. aata saint avara tande. husik I mattu gregori. aata 341ralli nidhanaraadaru, adaralli aatana sthaanavannu aatana hiriya maga saint. husik I, mundina catholic-petriyarkanagi.

sent. vartanes aii armeniyan apostolica sabhayude 14-aamathe catholica-desasnehiyaayirunnu 333 muthal 341-ll marikkunnathuvare sevanamanushtichirunna vishudha vertains () ennum ariyappedunna vertains. 333-ll, armeniyan catholica sabhayile katholikkarude annathe paarambarya paarthiyan vamshathil moonnaamathe nirayayi vartaanukal prabhukkanmaarude pingamiyaayi. sent varttansinu janicha aadya makanaayirunnu vertains. grigori onnaaman thante bharyayaaya miriyathinte ilyuminettarum ilaya sahodaran sent. prabhukkanmaar I. addeham sent. husik I umm gregory. 341-ll addeham marikkukayum addehathinu pakaram mootha makan sent. husik onnaaman, adutha catholica-deshasnehiyaayi.

seent. vertons aay vertons, jyanna sant vertons asehi mhanatat, heey armeniyan apostolic churchche 14 weey catholic-petriyark hote, jeey 333 pasoon 341 madhye tyanchya mrutyuparyant karyarat hote. 333 madhye, armeniyan catholic charchchya kaithalikanchya tatkalin aanuvanshik parthian vanshatil vanshatil kramankachya kulinanchya jaagi vertons aala. vertons haah sentcha janmalela pahila mulga hota. gregory pahila hii tyachi patni miriyamchi aanee tyacha dhakata bhau seent. abhijat I. teey sentche vadil hote. husik I aanee gregory. 341 roji tyanche nidhan jhaale, jyamadhye tyanchya jaagi tyancha motha mulga seent. husik pahila, pudhil catholic-deshbhakt mhanoon.

cent. wortaness I vertaness jaslai cent vertaness pani bhaninchha () armanian apostolic charchako 14 aun catholic-petriarch thie jasle 333 dekhi 341 maa unko mrityusamma sewa gare. 333 maa, armanian catholic charchako catholickharuko tatkalin wanshanugat parthian linema tesro panktima kulinharuko rupma bhartanharu safal bhae. wortaness centko pahilo chhora thie. gregory I unaki patni miriyamdwara illuminator rar unka kanchho bhai cent thie. kulinharu I. uni centka pita thie. husik I rar gregory. unko mrityu 341 maa bhayo jasma unko jetho chhora centle pratisthapan gare. husik I, arko catholic-deshbhaktako rupma.

cent. vertaness I vertaness madhya janashuna santha vertaness (βρτανες) armenian apostolic churcher 14 tama catholicos-petriarch thile 333 ru 341 ray taanka mrutyu parjyanta seba karithile . 333 masihare, armenian catholic churcher catholicosra tatkaleena banshanukramika parthian banshadharanka talikare truteeja sthanare vertance samvrantamananka uttaradhikari hoithile. vertaness sentnka pratham putra thile. gregory-1 taanka patni mirijamnka dwara alokita ebong taanka saana bhai cent. sambhranta byakti I. shay sentanka pita thile. husika I ebong gregory. 341 masihare tankara dehant hoithila, jeunthire taanka sthanare taanka budd pua cent. husika-1maha, parabarti catholic-desh-sanrakhyaka bhabe.

shh. vertains I wortness, jiss noon sant wortness vee kiha jaanda haii, armenian apostolic church daa daa catholic-patriarch see joe 333 toon 341 witch aapni maut takk seva qarr riha see. 333 witch, vertains armenian catholic church dey catholics dee uss samein dee vanshavali parthian line witch teeje sathaan utte rahey. wortness cent daa pahila puttar see. gregory I uss dee patni mariam duaara parkashman atey uss daa chhota bharaa cent see. kuleen I. uh sant daa pitaa see. hoosik I atey gregory. 341 witch uhanan dee maut hoow gaee jiss witch uhanan dee thaan uhanan dey sabh toon vadde puttar cent. agle catholic-patriarch dey roop witch husik I.

ess. tii. vertance I sent vertance () iti api prasidhah vertance ityeshah armenian-apostolic-charch ityasya 14 tamah catholicos-petriac aasit yah 333 taha 341 tame varshe mrutyum yaavat sevam akarot. 333 tame varshe, vertains ityeshah armenian-catholic-charch ityasya catholicos ityasya tatkaaleen-vamshaanugata-paarthiyan-vamshasya truteeyah uttaraadhikaari abhavat. vertance ityeshah sa. enn. ityasya prathamah putrah aasit. gregory-1 swapatnyaah miriyam ityanena pradeepanakartuh, tasya kanishtah bhrata cha sa. kuleenah I. saha sa. key. varyasya pitaa aasit. husika-I tathaa gregory. saha 341 tame varshe amriyata, yasmin tasya sthaane jyeshtaputrah sa. husika-prathamah, agrime kyaatholiko-pitrukularoopena.

St. vertains I punitha vertance endrum azhaikkappadum vertance, armeeniya aposthalic devalayaththin 14 vadhu catholica-paerarasar aavaar, avar 333 muthal 341 ill irakkum varai paniyaattrinaar. 333 aam aandil, armeniya catholica devalayaththin catholickerkalin appoathaiya parambarai paarthiya vamsaavaliyil moontraavathu varisaiyil pirabukkalukkup piragu vertance aatchikku vanthaar. vertance saint pirantha muthal magan aavaar. gregory I avarathu manaivi miriam mattrum avarathu ilaiya cakootharar saint moolam olirum. pirabukkal I. avar saint inn thanthai. husik I mattrum gregory. avar 341 andru iranthaar, athil avarukku pathilaaka avarathu mooththa magan saint. husik I, aduththa catholica-beararasaraaga.

St. vertans I seyint vertans anie kooda piluvabade vertans, 333 nundi 341loe athani maranam varaku sevalandinchina armenian apostolic charchi yokka 14va kaathalikkulu-pitrusvaamyavaadi. 333loe, armenian catholic charchi yokka kaathalikkula yokka appati vamsapaaramparya parthian shrenilo moodava sthaanamlo vertans kuleenula taruvaata vacchaaru. vertans seyint kuu janminchina modati kumarudu. gregori I athani bhaarya miriam mariyu athani tammudu dwara prakasinchevadu. kuleenulu I. athanu seyint yokka tandri. husik I mariyu gregori. athanu 341loe maraninchaadu, dheenilo athani sthaanamlo athani pedda kumarudu seyint. husik I, tadupari kaathalikkulu-pitrusvaamyamgaa.

sent. vertains I vertanees jasay sent vertanees bhee kahaa jaataa hay arminiyayi rasooli charch kaa 14 waan catholic-sarparast thaa juu 333 say 341 mein apnee moth takk khidmaat anjaam day rehaa thaa. 333 mein vertains ashrafiya kay baad arminiyayi catholic charch kay catholic kay iss waqat kay maurusi partheen line mein teesre number parr aayey. vertains sent kaa pehla betaa thaa. gregori awal inn kii bewi mareem aur inn kay chhotay bhayee sent kay zariah roshan karnay waala thaa. ashrafiya I. wah sent kay waalid thay. hisk I aur gregori. 341 kuu inn kaa inteqal hawaa jiss mein inn kii jagah inn kay sabb say baday betay sent nay lay lee. hosak awal aglay catholic-sarparast kay toor parr.

fffc97be4d8a1c3f185372d6ccb298a7f38d12cc2afca0de97f81f7835cb9d61

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61639786

Kulivtsi

Kulivtsi Commune in Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine Kulivtsi (; ) is a commune (selsoviet) in Chernivtsi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Kadubivtsi rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Until 18 July 2020, Kulivtsi belonged to Zastavna Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernivtsi Oblast to three. The area of Zastavna Raion was merged into Chernivtsi Raion. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

kulibhotchi kulibhotchi (;) hoise ukrainor sernibhotchi rayon, sernibhotchi ublastot thoka etaa commune (chales "viet). ee ukrainor onyotomo hoh "ror" maada kadubivotchi gramyo hoh "ror" maadar ontorgoto. 2020 sonor 18 julyloike kulibhotxi justavona rayunor aasil. ukrainor proxaxonik xongskaror ongxo hisape 2020 sonor julyte rayon bilupto koraa hoisil, jaar folot sernibhotchi ublastor rayonor xongkhya tiniloi hraax paisil. justavona rayunor oncholtu sernibhotchi rayonot ekotrito koraa hoisil.

kulivatsi kulivatsi (;) holl ukrainer chernivatsi oblaster chernivatsi rayaner ekti sampradai (celsoviate). etty ukrainer onnotomo hromada, kadubibhatsi gramin hromadar ontorgoto. 2020 saaler 18ee julai porjonto kulivatsi jostobhona rayaner antarbhukta chhilo. ukrainer proshashonik sangoskarer ongsho hisabe 2020 saaler julai maase rayon bilupto koraa hoyechilo, jaa chernivatsi oblaster rayaner sankhya komiye tinn korey diyechilo. jostabhona rayon anchalti chernivatsi rayane ekibhuto koraa hoyechilo.

kulivatsi kulivatsi (;) aee ukraine chernivatsi oblast, chernivatsi rayanma aek samudaay (selsoviyat) chhe. teey kadubivtsi graameen hromaadaano chhe, jeey ukraine hromadasmathi aek chhe. 18 julai 2020 sudhee, kulivatsi zastavna raayanno hato. julai julai ukraine vahivati sudharana bhagroope raayan nabud karvaamaa aavyu hatoo, jene chernivtsi oblastna raayannee sankhyaa ghataadine trana curry deedhi hatee. zastavna raayan vistaarne chernivtsi rayanma bhelvi devaamaa aavyo hato.

kulivatsi kulivatsi (;) chernivatsi raayan, chernivatsi oblast, ukraine mein ack samudaay (selsoviat) haye. yeh ukraine key chromadas mein seey ack, kadubivtsi graameen chromade seey sambandhit haye. 18 julaai 2020 taka, kulivatsi zastaavana raayan seey sambandhit thaa. julaai 2020 mein ukraine key prashaasnik sudhaar key hisse key roop mein raayan koo samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jisase chernivtsi oblast key raayan kii sankhya ghatkar teen hoe gaee thee. zastaavana raayan key kshetra koo chernivtsi raayan mein milaa diyaa gayaa thaa.

kulivtsi kulivtsi (;) embudu ukrenna chernivtsy oblastnalliruva chernivtsy rayannalli ondu samudaayavaagide (selsoviate). idu ukrenna hromadagalalli ondaada kadubivtsi grameena hromadage seride. 2020rahra julai julai, kulivtsi jastavna rayange seriddaagittu. ukrenna aadalitaatmaka sudhaaraneya bhagavagi 2020rahra julainalli raayan annu raddupadisalaayitu, idu chernivtsy oblastna rayangala sankhyeyannu murakke ilisitu. jastavna raayan pradeshavannu chernivtsy raayan aagi vileenagolisalaayitu.

kulivatsi ukrainile chernivtsy oblaasttile chernivtsy rayonilulla oru kammyoon (selsoviet) aanu kulivtsi (;). ukrainile hromadakalilonnaaya kadubivtsi grameena hromedayil pedunna onnaanith. 2020 juulai 18 vare kulivtsi sastavna rayonil pettayalayirunnu. ukrainile bharanaparamaya parishkaranatthinte bhaagamaayi 2020 joolaiyil rayon nirthalaakkappettu, ithu chernivsy oblaasttile rayonukalude ennam moonnaayi kurachu. sastavna rayon pradesham chernivtsy rayonumaayi layippichu.

kulivatsi kulivatsi (;) haah yukrenmadhil chernivatsi oblastmadhil chernivatsi rayan yetheel eka samuday (selsoviate) aahe. too ukrainechya eka chromadas asalelya kadubivtsi grameen kromadamadhil aahe. 18 julai 2020 paryant, kulivatsi zastavna rayancha hota. ukrainechya prashasakeey sudharanancha eka bhag mhanoon julai 2020 madhye rayan radd karnyat aale, jyamule chernivtsi oblastchya rayanchi sankhya teenparyant qamee jhaali. zastavna rayancha bhag chernivtsi rayanmadhye villin karnyat aala.

kuliwatsi kulibhtsi (;) yukrenko chernibhtsi oblastako chernibhtsi rayonma raheko euta commune (celsoviate) how. yo yukrenko ek chromadas, kadubibhtsi gramin kromadasanga sambandhit chha. 18 july 2020 samma, kulibhtsi jastawana rayanko thiyo. yukrenko prashasanik sudharko bhagko rupma july 2020 maa rayanlai unmulan garieko thiyo, jasle chernibhtsi oblastako rayanharuko sankhya ghataera tinma jhareko thiyo. jastawana rayanko kshetralai chernibhtsi rayanma vilaya garieko thiyo.

kulibhatsi kulibhatsi (;) heuchhi yukrenara chernibhatsi oblastra chernibhatsi rajanre thiba eka commune (celsoviate). ehaa yukrenara anyatama hromada, kadubibhatsi grameena hromadara antargata. 2020 july 18 parjyanta, kulibhatsi jastabhana rainer thile. july 2020 ray yukrenara prashasanika sanskarara ansha bhabare raiyan uchheda karajaithila, jaahaa chernibhatsi oblaster raiyan sankhyaku tiniku hrass karithila . jastabhna rayan anchalaku cheranibhatsi rajanre mishran karajaithila.

kulivatsi kulivatsi (;) ukraine dey chernivatsi oblast dey chernivatsi ryon witch ikk kamioon (selsoviat) haii. ih ukraine dey ikk harmada, kadubiwatsi pendu harmada naal sabandhat haii. 18 julai 2020 takk, kulivatsi zastavna ryon naal sabandhat see. julai 2020 witch ukraine dey parshaski sudhar dey hisse vajon raiyan noon khatam qarr ditta giaa see, jiss naal chernivatsi oblast dey raainan dee ginti ghatt keey tinn hoow gaee see. zastavna ryon dey khetar noon chernivatsi ryon witch milaa ditta giaa see.

kulivatsi kulivtsee (;) iti ukrain-deshasya chernivtsee-raayan-nagarasya, chernivtsee-oblast-nagarasya, kamyoon (celsoviate) asti. eshah ukraine-deshasya anyatamah kadubivtsee-graameen-hromada-ityasya asti. 2020 julai 18 paryantam kulivatsee zastavna raayan ityasya aasit. 2020 julai-maase ukren-deshasya prashaasanik-sudharasya bhagarupena raayan-ityasya nirmoolanam abhavat, yena chernivtsy-oblast-deshasya raayan-ityeteshaam sankhyaa tribhihi nyunikrutam. zastavna-raayan-pradesha chernivtsee-raayan-madhye vileeneekrutah.

kulivtsi kulivtchi (;) enbathu ukrain sernivtchi ooplaastil ulla sernivtchi raayanil ulla oru commune (selsoviet) aagum. idhu ukrain hromadosil ontraana kadubivtchi graamappura hromadavukku sonthamaanathu. juulai 18,2020 varai, kulivtchi jastavna rayanukku sonthamaanathu. ukrain nirvaaga seerthiruththaththin oru paguthiyaaga juulai 2020 ill rayon ozhikkappattathu, idhu sernivedsy oblastin raeyangalin ennikkaiyai moontraagak kuraiththathu. sastavna raayan pakuthi sernivtchi raayanil inaikkappattathu.

kulivtsi kulivtsi (;) anedi ukreyinloni chernivtsi raayan, chernivtsi oblast looni commune (selsoviate). idhi ukreyinloni hromadallo okataina kadubivtsi graameena hromadaaku chendinadi. 2020 juulai 18 varaku, kulivtsi jastavna rayanku chendinadi. ukrain paripalana samskaranalo bhaagamgaa 2020 joolailo raayan raddu cheyabadindi, idhi chernivtsi oblast yokka raayanla sankhyanu mooduku tagginchindi. jastavna raayan praantam chernivtsi raayanlo vileenam cheyabadindi.

kleotsi koliyotsi (vovo) ukareen kay chirnautsi oblast kay chirnautsi riyaan mein eek kamyun (selsovate) hay. iss kaa taaluq kadobiyotsi deehi harmada say hay juu ukareen kay hermadas mein say eek hay. 18 jolayi 2020 takk kleotsi kaa taaluq zastona reun say thaa. jolayi 2020 mein ukareen kii intezami aslahaat kay eek hasay kay toor parr riyaan kuu khatam kirr diyaa gayaa thaa jiss say chirnautsi oblast kay riyaan kii taadad kumm how kirr teen rahh gayee. zastawna riyaan kay elaqay kuu chirnautsi riyaan mein zam kirr diyaa gayaa.

fffc9a607a157adae10ade457f05f32d1f21faa4ceea475b66094ae1898df697

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21761789

The Margin (novel)

The Margin (novel) The Margin (French: "La Marge") is a novel by André Pieyre de Mandiargues published in 1967, which won the Prix Goncourt the same year. It was first published in the UK as "The Margin" in 1970, translated by R. Howard. The novel was adapted to film in 1976 directed by Walerian Borowczyk as "La Marge", internationally as "The Margin" and in the UK as "The Streetwalker". References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

dyo margin (uponyax) dyo margin (forasih "laa marj") 1967 sonot prokaxito endre paire di mandiyargosor ekhon uponyax, ji xei bosorote prix goncourt laabh korisil. iyak prothombaror baabe 1970 sonot eu. key. too "dyo margin" hisape prokax koraa hoisil, aar. haward. 1976 sonot wallerian bor 'jikir dwara "laa marj", antohrastriyobhabe "dyo margin" aaru eu. key. too "dyo streetwakar" hisape porisalito ei uponyaxkhon solositro hisape obhijujit hoisil.

dya margin (uponyas) dya margin (farasi "laa marge") 1967 saale prokashito andre paiyar dii mandiergser ekti uponyas, jaa ekoi bochor prix goncourt jitechilo. etty 1970 saale juktorajye "dya margin" hisabe prothom prokashito hoy, arr dwara anubad koraa hoy. haward. 1976 saale wallerian borozic porichalito eyi uponyasti antorjatikbhabe "dya margin" ebong juktorajye "dya streetwaker" hisabe cholochchitre rupantarita hoy.

dhaa margine (navalkathaa) dhaa margine (french "laa marge") aee andrey piyare dha mandiargusni mandiargusni prakashit thayelee navalkathaa chhe, jene teey jaj varshe prix goncourt jeetyo hato. teey saupratham 1970 maan yukemaa "dhaa margine" tareeke prakashit thayu hatoo, jeno anuvaad aar. haward. aaa navalkathaane navalkathaane volarian borozic dwara "laa marge" tareeke, aantarrashtriy stare "dhaa margine" tareeke aneey yukemaa "dhaa streetwalker" tareeke nirdeshit karvaamaa aavee hatee.

dha margine (upanyaas) dha margine (frenchah "laa marge") 1967 mein prakaashit andrey piyare dee mandiargs kaa ack upanyaas haye, jisane usee varsh prix goncourt jeetaa thaa. yeh pahali baar 1970 mein britten mein "dha margine" key roop mein prakaashit huaa thaa, jiska anuvaad aar dwara kiya gayaa thaa. haward. upanyaas koo 1976 mein valerian borauzik dwara nirdeshit film mein "laa marge" key roop mein, antarrashtriya star parr "dha margine" key roop mein aur britten mein "dha streetwalker" key roop mein rupaantarit kiya gayaa thaa.

dhii margine (kadambari) dhii margine (french "laa marge") embudu 1967ralli prakatavaada andrey piyare dii mandiargs avara kaadambariyaagiddu, adhe varsha prix gone court prashastiyannu geddukonditu. idannu modala baarige 1970 ralli yukeyalli "dhii margine" endu prakatisalaayitu, idannu aarr. haward. ee kaadambariyannu 1976ralli valerian borovgic nirdeshisida "laa marge", antararashtriya mattadalli "dhii margine" mattu yukeyalli "dhii streat walker" endu chalanachitrakke alavadisalaayitu.

daad margine (kadambari) daad margine (frencha "laa marge") hii 1967 madhye prakashit jhaleli andre piyare dii mandiyargyujchi kadambari aahe, jine tyach varshi prix goncourt jinkla. 1970 madhye haah pratham brittenmadhye 'daad margine' mhanoon prakashit jhaala, jyacha anuvad aar. haward. 1976 madhye valerian boroxic yanni digdarshit kelelya yaa kadambariche rupantar 'laa marge' mhanoon, aantarrashtriy staravar 'daad margine' mhanoon aanee brittenmadhye 'daad streetwalker' mhanoon karnyat aale.

da margin (upanyas) da margin (francelihi "lah marge") sann 1967 maa prakashit andrey piyare day mandiargsko upanyas how, jasle sohi warsha prix gonkert jityo. yo pahilo patak sann 1970 maa belayatma "da margin" ko rupma prakashit bhaeko thiyo, jasko anuwad arr dwara garieko thiyo. haward. yo upanyaslai sann 1976 maa walerian boraujikdwara nirdeshit "lah marge", antarrashtriya rupma "da margin" rar belayatma "da stritwalker" ko rupma chalchitrama rupantaran garieko thiyo.

daa margine (upenyas) daa margine (pharaseeh "laa marje") 1967 masihare prakashita andrey paire dii mandiargasnka eka upenyas, jaahaa sehi barsha prix goncourt jitithila. ehaa prathame 1970 ray britenare "daa margine" bhabare prakashita hoithila, jahara anubada r dwara karajaithila . haward. ehi upanyasaku 1976 masihare walerian boroujiknka nirdeshita "laa marge", antarjatija starare "daa margine" ebong britenare "daa stritwaker" bhabare chalachitraku rupantarita karajaithila.

margin (nawal) dha margin (francici "laa maaraj") 1967 witch prakashit andrey paire dee mandiargs daa ikk nawal haii, jiss neey use saal prix gone court jittiaa see. ih pahili vaar sann 1970 witch yuu. keey. witch "dha margin" dey roop witch prakashit keeta giaa see, jiss daa anuvad aar duaara keeta giaa see. haward. iss nawal noon 1976 witch valerian borozic duaara nirdeshit film witch "laa maaraj", antarashtari paddhar utte "margin" atey yuke witch "streetwaker" vajon badliaa giaa see.

da margin (upanyaas) da margin (french-bhashayaha "laa maarj") 1967 tame varshe prakashitasya endre piyare dey mandiargs ityasya upanyasam asti, yat tasmin eva varshe pricks gone court puraskaram praapnot. etat prathamam 1970 tame varshe yoo. key.-deshe "da margin" iti namna prakaashitam, yasya anuvaadah aar. haward. 1976 tame varshe valerian borouxic ityanena "laa maarj" iti namna, antarashtriyarupena "da margin" iti namna, yoo. key. madhye "da street vaakar" iti namna cha nirdeshitaa eshaa kathaa chalacchitraroopena parivartitaa.

vilimbu (naaval) thii marjin (brenzu "laa maarj") enbathu 1967 aam aandil veliyidappatta andrey piyarae dii mandiarcus ezhuthiya oru naaval aagum, idhu athae aandu brics goncourd viruthai ventrathu. idhu muthanmuthalil 1970 aam aandil englaanththil "thii marjin" endru veliyidappattathu, idhu aarr. howert. inththa naaval 1976 aam aandil valerian porovsic iyakkiya "laa maarj", sarvadesa alavil "thii marjin" mattrum englaanththil "thii street wacker" yena thiraippatamaaga thazhuvi edukkappattathu.

dhi margine (navala) dhi margine (french "laa marge") anedi anedi prachurinchabadina andrey piere dii mandiarges raasina navala, adhe samvatsaram prix goan kortnu geluchukundi. idhi modatisaarigaa modatisaarigaa mariyu "dhi margine" gaa prachurinchabadindi, dheenini r anuvadinchaaru. hovard. eee navalanu navalanu valerian borouxic darsakatvam vahinchina "laa marge" gaa, antarjaateeyamgaa "dhi margine" gaa mariyu mariyu "dhi streat walker" gaa chitreekarinchaaru.

maarjan (naawal) dee maarjan (francisi: "laa maarj") 1967 mein shaye honay waala andry paiyar ddee mandiargs kaa eek naawal hay jiss nay asee saal perks goan court jeeta thaa. yaha pehli baar bartaniah mein 1970 mein "maarjan" kay toor parr shaye hawaa thaa jiss kaa tarjumah aar nay kiyaa thaa. howard. iss naawal kuu 1976 mein film mein dahaala gayaa thaa jiss kii hidayat kaaree walrain borawazak nay "laa maarj" kay toor parr kii thee beenn alaqwami satah parr "maarjan" kay toor parr aur bartaniah mein "strait waakar" kay toor parr.

fffca00695d145a79613c5124b914f3fbde80dd3c7b572183e27aacb264fd90b

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50997382

WordCrex

WordCrex Word-based mobile game WordCrex is a mobile app similar to the famous word game Scrabble and Wordfeud. The iOS-version was released June 2, 2016 and the Android-version 8 September 2016. The game was presented as the first free fair word game challenge. "WordCrex" was developed by two Dutch creative friends Jelle Verwaijen and Dimitri Dirkzwager. It is different than most word games because the players use the same set of seven letters to form words. This way the luck factor of getting the right letters is not a decisive factor anymore. "WordCrex" is a multiplayer game. Games can be played with 2, 3 or 4 players per game. The game can be played at the date of release in 43 languages in around 200 countries available for almost 4 billion people. Which makes the game the word game with the most playable languages. Exceeding Scrabble which is playable in 29 languages and Wordfeud that has 12. With a special focus on the smaller languages like Esperanto, Basque, Brittonic and Frisian "WordCrex" offers a playful and educational way to learn and rehears these languages. Languages. Languages available in "WordCrex": Publications. At the time of release "WordCrex" got a lot of media attention being the fair alternative to Wordfeud and Scrabble. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

wardcracks wardcracks hoise bikhyat ward gaim scrabble aaru ward fewdor dore etaa mubail ep. aaio "ess-xongoskorontu 2 june, 2016 aaru android-xongoskorontu 8 septembor, 2016too mukoli koraa hoisil. ei kheltuk prothom binamuliya feyar ward gaim cellenge hisape uposthapon koraa hoisil. "wordcracks" dujon dusch sristixil bondhu jail bherwaijen aaru demetry dirkjwegere bikoxito korisil. eitu besibhag xobdo khelotkoi prithok kaaron kheluoixokole xobdo gothon koriboloi xatota aakhoror eke xonghoti byobohar kore. enedore xothik sithi puwar bhagyor karoktu etiya aaru nirnayok kaarok nohoy. "wordcracks" hoise etaa multiplayer khel. protitu khelot 2,3 baa 4 john kheluoir xoite khelibo paari. ei khelkhon pray 4 billion lukor baabe upolobdho pray pray dexor 43taa bhaxat mukoli huwar tarikhe khelibo paari. ji khelkhonok ataitkoi besi khelaa bhaxar xoite xobdo khel hisape gorhi tule. 29taa bhaxat khelaa yaay tene scrabble aaru 12taa xobdo thoka wardfewdor uporot gurutwo diya hoise, zo "too esperantu, besk, britnik aaru freecian" wordcracks "ror dore xoru xoru bhaxaxomuhor uporot bixex gurutwo diya hoise, jiye ei bhaxaxomuh xika aaru onuxilon korar baabe ek aamudjonok aaru xikhyamulok upay prodan kore. bhaxaxomuh. wordcracks" too upolobdho bhaxaxomuhoh prokax. muktir xomoyot "wordcracks"-e xobdo-dharona aaru scrabbler nyajyo bikolpo hisape xongbad madhyomor jothesto monujug laabh korisil.

wordcrakes wordcrakes holl ekti mobail ayapa jaa bikhyato shobdo gema scrabble ebong wordfuder anurup. aaee. oo. esha-sangaskaranti 2raa june, 2016 ebong android-sangaskaranti 8ee septembara, 2016-ayee mukti paay. eyi gametike prothom phri feyara oyarda gema challenge hisabe uposthapon koraa hoy. "wordcrakes" dui dutch srijanshil bondhu jeela vervision ebong dimitri dirkzwager dwara toiri koraa hoyechilo. etty beshirbhag shobdo gemer theke alada kaaron kheloadra shobdo gathoner jonno satti akkharer ekoi seeta byabohar korey. eibhabe sothik akkhar pawar bhagyer kaaron arr ekti nirnayak kaaron noy. "wordcrakes" ekti multiplayer gema. proti khelay 2,3 baa 4 john kheloader sange khela jete paare. gamety muktir tarikhe pray 200tii deshe 43tii bhasay khela jete paare jaa pray 4 billion manusher jonno upolobdho. jaa eyi khelake sabcheye beshi khela yaay emon bhasar shobdo hisebe gadey toley. 29tii bhasay bajano yaay emon scrabble ebong 12tii shobder jukto shobdo. esperanto, bask, britonic ebong frisian "wordcrakes"-err moto chhoto bhasagulir upor bishesh monojog diye eyi bhasaguli shekhar ebong anushilan korar jonno ekti kautukpurna ebong shikkhamulak upay pradan korey. bhasasomuho. wordcrakes"-ayee upolobdho bhasaguli prokashona. prokasher somoy "wordcrakes" shobder jaliati ebong scrabbler nyajya bikalpa hisabe ganomadhyomer onek monojog peyechilo.

wordcracks wordcracks aee prakhyaat shabd ramat scrabble aneey wordfood jevee jaj aek mobile application chhe. aaee. oo. aesa.-sanskaran 2 juuna, 2016naa roj aneey android-sanskaran 8 september, 2016naa roj rajoo karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. aaa ramatne pratham mafat vaajbi shabd ramat padkaar tareeke rajoo karvaamaa aavee hatee. "wordcracks" beey dutch sarjanatmak mitro jail veravaijen aneey dimitri dirkzwegger dwara vikasavvama aavyu hatoo. teey motabhagni shabd ramato karataa alag chhe kaaran keey khelaadeeo shabdo banaavvaa maate saat aksharono samaan samoohno upyog karey chhe. aaa reete yogya aksharo melavvaanu naseeb pareebal havey nirnayak pareebal nathee. "wordcracks" aek multiplayer ramat chhe. darek ramatmaa 2,3 keey 4 khelaadeeo saathe ramato ramee shakaay chhe. aaa ramat lagbhag 4 abaj loko maate uplabdh lagbhag 200 deshomaa 43 bhashaoma rajoo thavaani taarikhe ramee shakaay chhe. jeey ramatne sauthee vadhu ramee shakaay tevee bhashao saathe shabd ramat banaave chhe. 29 bhashaoma vagaadi shakaay tevee scrabble karataa vadhu aneey 12 shabdono samaavesh dharaavati wordfood, asparanto, basqa, britonic aneey frisian "wordcracks" jevee naanee bhashao parr vishesh dhyaan kendrit kareene aaa bhashao sheekhva aneey rehearsal karvaa maate ramatiyaad aneey shaikshanik reet pradaan karey chhe. bhashao. wordcracks" maan uplabdh bhashaoh prakashno. prakaashan samaye "wordcracks" shabd jutthaanu aneey scrabbleno vaajbi vikalp hovathi midiyaanu ghanoo dhyaan khenchayu hatoo.

wordcracks wordcracks ack mobile aip haye joe prasiddh shabd khel scrabble aur wordfeed key samaan haye. aaee. oh. aiss. sanskaran 2 juuna, 2016 koo jaari kiya gayaa thaa aur android sanskaran 8 sitambar 2016 koo jaari kiya gayaa thaa. khel koo pahali muft nishpaksh shabd khel chunauti key roop mein prastut kiya gayaa thaa. "wordcracks" koo dou dutch rachanaatmak doston, jail vervagen aur dimitri dirkzwegger dwara vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. yeh adhikansh shabd khelon seey alag haye kyonki khilaadi shabd banaane key liye saat aksharon key ack hii samooh kaa upayog karate hain. iss tarah sahee akshar praapt karane kaa bhaagya kaarak abb ack nirnaayak kaarak naheen haye. "wordcracks" ack bahu-khilaadi khel haye. khel prati khel 2,3 yaa 4 khilaadiyon key saath khele jaa sakate hain. iss khel koo lagbhag 4 arab logon key liye upalabdh lagbhag 200 deshon mein 43 bhaashaon mein release kii tarikh koo khela jaa sakata haye. joe khel koo sabse adhik khelane yogya bhaashaon key saath shabd khel banaata haye. 29 bhaashaon mein khelane yogya scrabble aur 12 shabdon vaale shabd-jodd seey adhik. esperanto, bask, britonic aur frisian "wordcracks" jaisi chhoti bhaashaon parr vishesh dhyaan dene key saath inn bhaashaon koo seekhane aur abhyaas karane kaa ack manoranjak aur shaikshik tarika pradaan kartaa haye. bhaashaaen. wordcracks" mein upalabdh bhaashah prakaashan. release key samay "wordcracks" koo wordfeed aur scrabble kaa uchit vikalp honey key kaaran media kaa bahut dhyaan milaa.

wordcrex wordcrex embudu scrabble mattu wordfude emba prasiddha padagala aatadanteye iruva ondu mobile application aagide. ios-aavruttiyannu zoon 2,2016 randu mattu android-aavruttiyannu september 8,2016 randu bidugade maadalaayitu. ee aatavannu modala uchita fair vard game challenge aagi prastutapadisalaayitu. "vard crex" annu ibbaru dutch srujanasheela sneehitaraada jelle vervision mattu dimitri dirkjweger abhivraddhipadisidaru. idu hecchina padagala aatagaliginta bhinnavagide ekendare aatagaararu padagalannu rupisalu onde elu aksharagala gumpannu balasuttaare. ee reetiyalli sariyaada aksharagalannu padeyuva adrushtada amshavu innu munde nirnayaka amshavalla. "vard crex" ondu multiplayer aatavaagide. prati aatakke 2,3 athawa 4 aatagaararondige aatagalannu aadabahudu. ee aatavannu bidugadeyaada dinankadandu sumaru 200 desagalalli 43 bhasegalalli aadabahudu, idu sumaru 4 shatakoti janarige labhyavide. idu aatavannu atyanta aadabahudaada bhaashegalondige padada aatavannagi maaduttade. 29 bhasegalalli aadabahudaada scrabble annu meerisuvudu mattu 12 padagalannu hondiruva padagala jodaneyu. esperanto, bask, britonic mattu frisian "vard crex" nantaha sanna bhashegala mele vishesha gamanavannu kendrikarisuvudu ee bhaashegalannu kaliyalu mattu abhyasa maadalu ondu tamaasheya mattu shaikshanika maargavannu odagisuttade. bhashegalu. wordcrex" nalli labhyaviruva bhasegalu prakatanegalu. bidugadeya samayadalli "wordcrex" shabdagala saramale mattu scrabalge nyaayayuta paryayavagiruvudarinda madhyamagala gamanavannu seleyitu.

wordcrakes wordcrakes heey eka mobile app aahe jeey prasiddha verd game scrabble aanee wordfoodsarkhe aahe. aay. oo. ess.-aavrutti 2 juuna 2016 roji aanee android-aavrutti 8 september 2016 roji prakashit karnyat aalee. haah khel pahile vinamulya phair verd game challenge mhanoon sadar karnyat aala. "wordcrakes' heey done dutch sarjansheel mitra, jail vervision aanee dimitri dirkzwegger yanni vikasit kele hote. heey bahutek shabd khelanpeksha vegale aahe kaaran kheladu shabd tayar karnyasathi saat aksharancha samaan sanch vapartat. asha prakare yogya akshare milanyacha nasheeb ghatak aata nirnayak ghatak rahilela nahee. "wordcrakes haah eka bahu-kheladu khel aahe. pratyek khel 2,3 kinwa 4 kheladunsah khelala jaau shakato. haah khel pradarshanachya tarkheparyant sumare 200 deshantil 43 bhashanmadhye khelala jaau shakato, joou sumare 4 abj lokansathi upalabdh aahe. jyamule haah khel sarvat jaast khelanyayogya bhashansah shabdancha khel banato. 29 bhashanmadhye vajavata yenyajogi scrabble aanee 12 shabdanchi julvajulav. esperanto, basqa, britonic aanee frisian "wordcrakes" sarkhya lahan bhashanvar vishesh laksh kendrit karoon yaa bhasha shikanyasathi aanee abhyas karnyasathi eka khelkar aanee shaikshanik marg pradan karate. bhasha. wordcrexmadhye upalabdh bhashah prakashne. wordcrakes' chya pradarshanachya velee, 'wordfood' aanee 'scrabble' chaa yogya paryay mhanoon madhyamanche barech laksh vedhale gele.

wordcracks wordcracks prasidha word game scrabble rar wordfude jastai mobile app how. ios-sanskaran june 2,2016 rar android-sanskaran 8 september 2016 jaari garieko thiyo. khellai pahilo nihshulk fair word game challengeko rupma prastut garieko thiyo. "wordcracks" dui douch rachanatmak sathiharu zell bharvaijena rar dimitri dirkjawegardwara wiksit garieko thiyo. yo dheraijaso shabda khelharu bhanda farak chha kinbhane kheladiharule shabdaharu banauna saat aksharharuko eutai sett prayog garchhan. yasari sahi aksharharu prapta garne bhagya karak ab nirnayak karak hoina. "wordcracks" ek multiplayer khel how. khelharu prati khel 2,3 wa 4 kheladiharusanga khelna sakinchha. yo khel releaseko mitima lagbhag 4 arab manisharuka lagi upalabdha lagbhag 200 deshharuma 43 bhashaharuma khelna sakinchha. jasle khellai sabaibhanda badhi khelna sakine bhashaharusanga shabda khel banaunchha. 29 wata bhashaharuma bajauna sakine scrabble rar 12 wata shabdaharu bhaeko shabdajalle asperanto, bask, britonic rar freecian "wordcracks" jasta sanah bhashaharuma vishesh dhyan kendrit garera yee bhashaharu sikna rar abhyas garna ek ramailo rar shaikshik tarika pradan gardacha. bhashaharu. wordcracks" maa upalabdha bhashaharuh prakashanharu. releaseko samayama "wordcracks" ley wordfude rar scrabbleko uchit wikalpako rupma mediako dherai dhyan payo.

wardcrex wardcrex heuchhi eka mobile app jaahaa prasidha ward game scrabble ebong ward feud sahita samaana . aai. oh. ess.-sanskarana juna juna ebong android-sanskarana september september muktilabha karithila. ehi khelaku pratham magana fair ward game challenge bhabare upasthapana karajaithila. "wardcrex" dui douch srujanashila bandhu jail bharwejen ebong dimitri dirkjwegarnka dwara bikashita hoithila . ehaa adhikansha sabda khela thaaru bhinna kaaran khelalimane sabda gathan kariba paain satati akhyarara samaana sett byabahara karanti . ehipari bhabare sathik akhyara paibara bhagya karaka aau eka nirnajaka karaka nuhen . "wardcrex" eka multiplayer khela. prati khelare 2,3 kimba 4 john khelalinka saha khelajaipariba. ehi khelati muktilabha tarikhare praiah praiah deshare deshare bhasare khelajaipariba, jaahaa pakhapakhi 4 billion lokanka paain upalabdha. jaahaa ehi khelaku sarbadhika khelajauthiba bhasha sahita sabda khelare parinata kare . | bhasare khelajauthiba scrabble ebong ebong sabda jukta shabdaku atikrama kariba. esperanto, bask, britonic ebong freecian "wardcrex" bhali chhot bhasha upare bisesh dhyana deba dwara ehi bhashagudiku shikhiba ebong abhyasa kariba paain eka khelprada ebong sikhyaneeah upaiah pradan karithae. bhasha. wardcrex" ray upalabdha bhashagudikah prakashan. muktilabha samajare "wardcrex" sabda feud ebong scrabblera sathik bikalpa bhabare ganamadhyamara bahuta dhyana paithila .

wordcracks wordcracks ikk mobile app haii joe prasidh verd game scrabble atey verd fiud dey samaan haii. aaee. ou. aiss.-sanskaran 2 juun, 2016 noon jaari keeta giaa see atey android-sanskaran 8 satambar 2016 noon jaari keeta giaa see. iss khed noon pahili mufat nirpakh shabad khed chunhauti vajon pesh keeta giaa see. "wordcracks" noon doou dutch rachnatmak dostan jaile vervision atey dimitri druckswegger duaara vikast keeta giaa see. ih ziaadaatar shabad geman naalon vakkhra haii kiunki khidari shabad banaun laee satt akkhran dey ikko samooh dee varton karde hunn. iss tarahan sahee akkhar prapat curran daa kismat daa kaarak hunn ikk nirnayak kaarak naheen haii. "wordcracks" ikk multiplayer game haii. khedan pratee khed 2,3 jaan 4 khidariaan naal khediaan jaa sakdiaan hunn. ih khed rileez dee mitee 'teey lagbhag 200 deshan witch 43 bhashavan witch khedi jaa sakadi haii joe lagbhag 4 billion lokan laee upalbadh haii. joe khed noon sabh toon vaddh khedan yog bhashavan vaali shabad khed banaunda haii. 29 bhashavan witch khedan yog scrabble toon vaddh atey 12 shabdan dee sangat haii jiss witch esperanto, bask, britonic atey frishian "wordcracks" vargiaan chhotiaan bhashavan utte vishesh dhiaan ditta giaa haii joe inhan bhashavan noon sikkhan atey abhiaas curran daa ikk khedan vaala atey vidiak tarika pesh karda haii. bhashavan. wordcracks" witch upalbadh bhashavaon parkashan. rileez dey samein "wordcracks" neey media daa bahut dhiaan prapat keeta kiunki ih shabad fiood atey scrabble daa nirpakh wicklup haii.

wordcrex wordcrex iti prasiddhasy word-gem-scrabble tathaa word-feed ityetayoho sadrusham charadooravaanee-anuprayogah asti. aii. o. ess-samskaranam 2016 joon 2 dinaanke, android-samskaranam 2016 september 8 dinaanke cha prakaashitam. etat kreedaam prathamam nihshulkam ferr-word-gem-chaalanch iti rupena upasthaapitam. "wordcrex" iteedam dutch-deshasya srujanaatmak-mitraihi, jelle varvaijen tathaa dimitree dirkzweger ityetabhyam vikasitam. etat adhikaamsheshu shabdakridanam apekshayaa bhinnam asti yatah kreedakaah sapta-aksharanam samaan-samuhasya upayogam krutvaa shabdaani nirmeeyante. evam samyak aksharam praaptum bhagya-kaarakah naa nirnaayakah kaarakah asti. "wordcrex" iti multiplayer-creedaa asti. prati-kridaayaam 2,3 athavaa 4 kreedakaih kreedayitum shakyate. praayah 4 billion jananam krute upalabhyamaanasy praayah 200 desheshu 43 bhaashaasu pradarshane dinaankasya samaye eshaa creedaa kridita bhavitum arhati. anena kreedaayaah sarvaadhika-kridaniya-bhaashaayukt-shabda-kreedaayaah nirmanam bhavati. 29 bhaashaasu vayana-yogyam, 12 bhaashaasu yuktam shabdajaalam cha, esperaanto, baskyoo, britonic, frisian ityaadishu laghuvidyaasu visheshotsaahen, "word-cracks" iti "word-cracks" iti bhashayam kridaatmakam shaikshanikam cha madhyamam pradadaati. bhaashaasu. wordcrex" madhye upalabhyamanaha bhaashaah prakaashane. vimochanasamaye "wordcrex" iti padam, vaak-yuktteh scrabble ityasya cha uchita-vikalparupena madhyamanam bahu avadhaanam praapnot.

waredcrex waredcrex enbathu pirabalamaana soll vilayaattu scrapple mattrum soll fute poantra oru mobile payanpaadaagum. ios-pathippu juun 2,2016 andru veliyidappattathu mattrum android-pathippu 8 septumber 2016 andru veliyidappattathu. inththa vilayaattu muthal ilavasa niyayamaana varththai vilayaattu savaalaaga vazhangkappattathu. "waredcrex" irandu duchu padaippu nanbarkalaana jelle vervaijen mattrum dmithri tirkswaker aakiyoaraal uruvaakkappattathu. idhu perumpaalaana soll vilaiyaattukalai vida vaerupattathu, aenenil veerargal vaarththaigalai uruvaakka aezhu ezhuththukkalin oray thoguppaip payanpaduththukiraarkal. inththa vazhiyil sariyaana ezhuththukkalaip peruvatharkaana athirshtak kaarani inii oru theerkkamaana kaarani alla. "waredcrex" enbathu oru multiblayer vilayaattu. oru vilaiyaattukku 2,3 allathu 4 veerargaludan vilaiyaadalaam. kittatthatta 4 billion makalukku kidaikkum sumar 200 naadugalil 43 mozhigalil inththa vilayaattai veliyidum thaethiyil vilaiyaadalaam. idhu vilayaattai migavum vilaiyaadakkoodiya mozhigaludan varththai vilaiyaattaaka aakkukirathu. 29 mozhigalil vilaiyaadakkoodiya scrapple mattrum 12 sorkalaik konda soll fute aagiyavattraik kadakkirathu. esperanto, bask, britonic mattrum frisian "waredcrex" poantra siriya mozhigalil sirappu kavanam seluththuvathu inththa mozhigalaik katrukkolvatharkum oththigai seivatharkum oru vilaiyaattuthanamaana mattrum kalvi vazhiyai valangkukirathu. mozhigal. waredcrex" ill kidaikkum mozhigal veliyeedugal. veliyeettin poathu "waredcrex" varththai uukaththirkum scraplukkum niyayamaana maattraaka uudakangkalin kavanaththai eerththathu.

vard crex vard crex anedi prasiddha vard game scrabble mariyu vard fude maadirigaane unna mobile yap. ios-version juun 2,2016naa vidudala cheyabadindi mariyu android-version 8 september 2016naa vidudala cheyabadindi. eee aatanu modati uchita fair vard game chaalenjgaa pradarsinchaaru. "vard crex" nuu iddaru dutch srujanaatmaka snehitulu jelle vervision mariyu dimitri dirkjweger abhivruddhi chesaaru. idhi chaalaa padaala aatala kante bhinnamgaa untundi endukante aatagaallu padaalanu roopondinchadaaniki edu aksharaala oke samitini upayogistaaru. eee vidhamgaa saraina aksharaalanu pondadaaniki adrushta karakam ikapai nirnayaatmaka karakam kaadu. "vard crex" anedi oka multiplayer game. prati aatalo 2,3 ledhaa 4 mandhi aatagaallato atalu aadavacchu. daadaapu 4 billionla mandiki andubaatulo unna 200 deshaalalo 43 bhaashalalo eee aatanu vidudala teedeeloo aadavacchu. idhi aatanu atyanta aadadagina bhaashalatho kuudina padha aataga chestundi. 29 bhaashalalo aadagalige scrabulnu adhigaminchadam mariyu 12 padaalatoe kuudina padajaalam. esperanto, bask, britonic mariyu frisian "vard crex" vanti chinna bhaashalapai pratyeka drushti pettadam eee bhashalanu neerchukoevadaaniki mariyu sadhana cheyadaaniki ullaasakaramaina mariyu vidya marganni andistundi. bhashalu. vard crex" loe andubaatulo unna bhashalu prachuranalu. vidudala samayamlo "vard crex" anae padam, padajaalam mariyu scrabble kuu sarasamaina pratyamnaayamgaa undatam valla chaalaa mandhi media drushtini aakarshinchindi.

wordcracks wordcracks eek mobile aip hay juu mashhur word gaim scrabble aur word feud say milti jalti hay. aayee awo aiss warzan 2 joone 2016 kuu aur android warzan 8 satambar 2016 kuu jaari kiyaa gayaa thaa. iss gaim kuu pehley free fair word gaim challenge kay toor parr paish kiyaa gayaa thaa. "wordcracks" duu dich takhliqi doston jeelay veervejan aur dimtari drikzoger nay tayaar kiyaa thaa. yaha ziyadah tarr lafzon kay kheelon say mukhtalif hay keunkah khilaadi alfaz bananay kay liye saat haroof kaa eek hyee majmuah istemaal kartay haine. iss tarah saheeh haroof haasil karnay kaa qasmat ansar abb faislah kunn ansar nahein hay. "wordcracks" eek milty player gaim hay. kheel phee kheel 2yee 3 yaa 4 khiladiyon kay saath khelay jaa saktay haine. yaha gaim release kii tareekh parr taqriba 200 mamalik mein 43 zabanon mein kheela jaa saktaa hay juu taqriba 4 arb logon kay liye dastiyaab hay. juu kheel kuu sabb say ziyadah qaabil kheel zabanon kay saath lafz kheel banata hay. scrable say ziyadah juu 29 zabanon mein khelnay kay qaabil hay aur lafzon kii jaal saazi jiss mein 12 haine. aspiranto baasak bretonic aur freesi zabanon jaisi chhoti zabanon parr khususi taujah kay saath "wordcracks" inn zabanon kuu seekhnay aur inn kii mashq karnay kaa eek chanchal aur taleemi tariqah paish kartaa hay. zabanein. wordcracks" mein dastiyaab zabanein: ashaatein. release kay waqat "word cracks" nay mediya kii behat taujah haasil kii juu kahh lafz baazi aur kharchanay kaa munsifana muthbadil thaa.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23193099

Galway Archaeological and Historical Society

Galway Archaeological and Historical Society The Galway Archaeological and Historical Society was founded on 21 March 1900, at the Railway Hotel, Galway. It promotes the study of the archaeology and history of the west of Ireland. Since 1900, the Society has published 70 volumes of the "Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society". The first 55 volumes of this journal were available for purchase on CD-ROM but have now sold out. Back issues of JGAHS are available through the academic database JSTOR and there are some stocks remaining in hard copy. The Society also runs a lecture series in Galway City and is involved in lobbying national and local authorities in relation to heritage matters relating to the City and County of Galway.

gelwe puratatwik aaru oitihaxik xomaj 1900 sonor 21 marchot gelwer rey 'lowe hutelot gelwe protnotatwik aaru oitihaxik xomaj protistha koraa hoisil. ee irelandor poschimor puratatwik aaru itihaxor odhyoyonok utxahito kore. 1900 sonor poraa, xomaje "gelwe protnotatwik aaru oitihaxik xomajor alusoni" ror 70 khondo prokax korise. ei alusonikhonor prothom 55 khondo chi. di-romot kroyor baabe upolobdho aasil kintu etiya bikri hoi goise. jgaesor pisor bixoixomuh academic databes jestaror joriyote upolobdho aaru kisuman stock hard kopir bhitorot baaki aase. cho "saitituwe gelwe sohorot etaa boktrita sringkholau solay aaru sohor aaru county off gelwer xoite xomporkito oitijyo bixoyok xomporkot rastriyo aaru sthaniyo kortripokhyor todobodhanot jorito hoi aase.

gallway protnotattik oo oitihasik samaj gallway protnotattik oo oitihasik samaj 1900 saaler 21shhey march rail hotel, gallwayte protisthito hoyechilo. etty irelander poschimer protnototto ebong itihas adhyayaner prochar korey. 1900 saal theke, society "journal off dya gallway protnotattik ebong oitihasik samajer" 70tii khondo prakash koreche. eyi journaler prothom 55tii khondo seedy-romm-ayee kenara jonno upolobdho chhilo kintu ekhon bikri hoye geche. jga-err byaka issuguli academic databes jeey. esha. tii. arr-err madhyome pawa yaay ebong kichhu stock hard kopite aboshishto thaake. eyi samiti gallway shohore ekti boktrita sirijo chaalaay ebong gallway shohor oo county somporkito oitijjogoto vishaygulir khettre jatiya oo sthaniya kortripokkher todobirer saathe jorito.

galway puratatviy aneey aitihasik samaaj galway puratatviy aneey aitihasik samajni sthaapnaa 21 march march roj railway hotel, galway khaate karvaamaa aavee hatee. teey irelandnaa pashchimna puratatva aneey itihaasnaa abhyasne protsaahan aape chhe. 1900 thee, society "journal off dhaa galway archaeological anned hystorical sosayati" naa 70 grantho prakashit karyaa chhe. aaa journalna pratham 55 grantho seedee-rooma parr khareedi maate uplabdh hataa parantu havey vechai gayaa chhe. jeey. jee. aee. aesa. naa paachhalna muddaao shaikshanik database jeey. aesa. tii. oo. aar. dwara uplabdh chhe aneey ketlaak shero haard kopeemaa baakee chhe. sosayati galway shaherma vyakhyan shrenee pann chalaave chhe aneey galway shaher aneey kaauntine lagatee vaarsaani babtonaa sambandhma raashtriy aneey sthaaneek sattavalaoni lobingma saamel chhe.

galve puraataatvik aur aitihaasik samaaj galway puraataatvik aur aitihaasik samaaj kii sthaapana 21 march 1900 koo railway hotal, galway mein kii gaee thee. yeh ireland key paschim key puraatatva aur itihas key adhyayan koo badhaava detaa haye. 1900 seey, samaaj ney "journal off dha galway archaeological aind historical society" key 70 khand prakaashit kiye hain. iss patrika key pahale 55 khand cd-rome parr khareedane key liye upalabdh they lekin abb bick chuke hain. jey. jee. aeye. aich. key back issue akaadamik databases jey. aiss. tii. oh. aar. key madhyam seey upalabdh hain aur kuchh stock haard coppy mein shesh hain. samaaj galway shahar mein ack vyakhyan shrinkhala bhee chalaata haye aur galway shahar aur county seey sambandhit viraasat mamalon key sambandh mein rashtriya aur sthaaniya adhikaariyon kii pairavi mein shamil haye.

galway puratatva mattu aitihaasika samaja galway puratatva mattu aitihaasika samajavannu 1900rahra march 21randu railway hotel, galwayalli sthaapisalaayitu. idu airlendna pashchimada puratatva mattu itihaasada adhyayanavannu uttejisuttade. 1900rinda, ee samstheyu "journal off dhii galway archaeological und hystorical society" yaya 70 samputagalannu prakatiside. ee journaln modala 55 samputagalu cd-romnalli khareedisalu labhyaviddavu aadare eega maaraatavaagive. jegaahgala hindina samasyegalu shaikshanika dattasanchaya gestar moolaka labhyavive mattu kelavu stackgalu haard kapiyalli ulidive. ee sanghavu galway nagaradalli upanyasa saraniyannu saha nadesuttade mattu galway nagara mattu kountige sambandhisida parampareya vishayagalige sambandhisidante rashtriya mattu sthaliya adhikaarigalannu lobby maduvalli todagide.

galway puratatva aanee aitihasik samaj galvechya puratatva aanee aitihasik sansthechi sthapana 21 march 1900 roji galvechya railway hotelmadhye jhaali. heey irelandchya pashchimekadil puratatva aanee itihasachya abhyasala protsahan dete. 1900 pasoon, societyne 'journal auph daad galway archaeological andd historical society' chey 70 khand prakashit kele aahet. yaa niyatkalikache pahile 55 khand see. dii.-romvar kharedisathi upalabdh hote, parantu aata vikale gele aahet. jeey. jee. aii. etch. chey mageel mudde shaikshanik databases jeey. ess. tii. oo. aar. dware upalabdh aahet aanee kahee satha haard copymadhye shillak aahet. hii sanstha galway shaharat vyakhyananchi malika dekhil chalavate aanee galway shahar aanee countishi sambandhit varsa babinchya sandarbhat rashtriy aanee sthanik sthanik lobbing karnyat guntaleli aahe.

galway puratatwik rar aitihasik samaj galway puratatwik rar aitihasik samaj 21 march 1900 maa railway hotel, galwayma sthapana bhaeko thiyo. yasale ayarlandko pashchimko puratatwa rar itihasko adhyayanlai badhawa dinchha. sann 1900 dekhi, societyle "journal aff da galway archaeological anned historical society" ko 70 khandaharu prakashit gareko chha. yass patrikaka pahilo 55 khandaharu sidi-romema kharidka lagi upalabdha thie tara ahile bikri bhaeka chhan. jgska back issueharu shaikshik databases jestore marfat upalabdha chhan rar tyahan kehi stockharu hard pratilipima baanki chhan. yass samajle galway saharma wyakhyan shringkhala pani chalaunchha rar galwayko sahar rar countysanga sambandhit sampadaka mamilaharuko sambandhama rashtriya rar sthaniya adhikariharuko labingma sanlagna chha.

galawe pratnatatwika ebong aitihasika samaj galawe pratnatatwika ebong aitihasika samaj 21 march 1900 ray, railway hotel, galawere sthapita hoithila . ehaa ayaralandara paschimare pratnatatwika ebong itihasara adhyajanaku prostahita kare . 1900 masiharu, society "journal off dee galawe pratnatatwika ebong aitihasika society" rahr 70 khanda prakash karichhi. ehi patrikara pratham 55 khanda sidi-ramre kraiah paain upalabdha thila, kintu ebe bikri hoisarichhi. jgasra back issue academic databases jestore madhyamare upalabdha ebong kichhi stock hard kapire baaki achhi . ehi society galawe saharare eka baktruta shrunkhala madhya parichalana kare ebong galawe sahara ebong county sambandheeah aitihya prasangare jatiah ebong sthaniah kartupakhyanka tadantara labing ray jadita .

galway puratattav atey itihasak samaaj galway puratattav atey itihasak suciety dee sathapana 21 march 1900 noon railway hotel, galway vikhe keeti gaee see. ih ireland dey pachham dey puratattav atey itihaas dey adhiaen noon utshahit karda haii. 1900 toon, suciety neey "journal aaf dha galway archaeological aind historical suciety" dey 70 khand prakashit keete hunn. iss journal dey pahile 55 khand cd-rome utte kharidan laee upalbadh sunn parr hunn wick gaye hunn. jey. jee. aii. aiss. dey pichle mudde akadamik databases jey. aiss. tii. ou. aar. raahin upalbadh hunn atey kujh stock haard kaapi witch baaki hunn. ih suciety galway shehar witch ikk lacture luddy vee chalaundi haii atey galway dey shehar atey kaoonti naal sabandhat virse dey mamlian dey sabndh witch rashtari atey sathanak adhikariaan dee pairavi curran witch shamal haii.

gelve puraatattveeyah aitihaasikah samaajah cha 1900 maarch 21 dinaanke rail-hotel, gell-ve ityatra gell-ve-puraatatva-aitihaasika-samajasya sthapana abhavat. ayam ayarlyaand-deshasya paschimadishi puraatatvashaastrasya itihasasya cha adhyayanm protsahayati. 1900 tamaat varshaat aarabhy, eshaa samsthaa "journal aaf da gaalve archaeological and hysterical society" ityasya 70 khandaan prakaashitavatee. asya patrikaayaah prathamam 55 khandaani see. dee.-rome ityatra krayanartham upalabhyante sma, parantu adhunaa vikreeyante. jey. jee. e. ess. ityasya prushtabhaagasya nirgamah jey. ess. aar. iti shaikshanik-dattaamshasya madhyamena upalabhyte, kechan stack-visheshaah cha hardcopy-madhye avashishtaah santi. eshaa samsthaa gaalve-nagare vyaakhyaan-shrunkhalaa api nirvahati, tathaa cha gelve-nagarasya, kauntee-nagarasya cha sambadhaanaam virasata-vishayanam vishaye rashtriya-sthaniya-adhikarinam krute prachaar-kaaryakrame bhaagam vahati.

caleway tholliyal mattrum varalaattru samoogam gallway tholliyal mattrum varalaattruch sangam 21 maarch 1900 andru kaalvaeyil ulla rayilway hootalil niruvappattathu. idhu ayarlaandhin maerkin tholliyal mattrum varalaaru pattriya aaivai ookkuvikkirathu. 1900 muthal, inththa sangam "gallway tholliyal mattrum varalaattru samoogaththin idhazhin" 70 thoguthigalai veliyittullathu. inththa idhazhin muthal 55 thoguthigal sidi-roam moolam vaangkuvatharkuk kidaitthana, aanaal ippoathu avai vitrtruth theernthuvittana. jegaahgalin pinnup pirachchanaikal kalvi tharavuththalam moolam kidaikkindrana, maelum sila pankukal kadina nagalil ullana. inththa sangam gallway nagaril oru virivuraith thodaraiyum nadaththukirathu, maelum gallway nagaram mattrum kavundi thodarpaana paarambariya vishayangkal thodarbaaga thaesiya mattrum ulloor athikaarigalai parappuvathil eedupattullathu.

galway puraavastu mariyu chaaritraka samajam galway puraavastu mariyu chaaritraka samajam 1900 marchi 21naa galway looni railway hotel vadda sthaapinchabadindi. idhi ireland yokka paschima puraavastu shaastram mariyu charitra adhyayananni prothsahistundi. 1900 nundi, society "journal off dhi galway archaeological und hystorical society" yokka 70 samputaalanu prachurinchindi. eee patrika yokka modati 55 samputaalu sidi-romlo konugolu cheyadaaniki andubaatulo unnaayi, conny ippudu ammudupooyaayi. jegahla venuka samasyalu academic database gestar dwara andubaatulo unnaayi mariyu konni stacklu haard kaapeelo migili unnaayi. eee society galway nagaramlo oka upanyaasa shrenini kooda nirvahistundi mariyu galway nagaram mariyu kounteeki sambandhinchina vaarasatva vishayaalaku sambandhinchi jaateeya mariyu sthaanika adhikaarulanu lobbying cheyadamlo paalgontundi.

geel way aasaar qadimah aur tarikhi society geel way aasaar qadimah aur tarikhi society kii bunyaad 21 maarch 1900 kuu railway hotal geel way mein rakhee gayee thee. yaha ireland kay maghrab kay aasaar qadimah aur tareekh kay mutalah kuu farogh deeta hay. 1900 say society nay "journal aaf dee geel way archaeological aind historical society" kii 70 jaldon kuu shaye kiyaa hay. iss jareede kii pehli 55 jaldon kuu see ddee-room parr khareedne kay liye dastiyaab thaa leakin abb wah farokhat how chakay haine. jay jee aey kay beek aishoz academic ddita bees jay aiss tye awo aar kay zariye dastiyaab haine aur kachh stock haard kaapi mein baaqi haine. society geel way shehar mein eek lecture seerez bhee chalati hay aur geel way kay shehar aur county say mutaliq warsay kay muamilat kay silsilay mein qomi aur maqami hakaam kii laabing mein shaamil hay.

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https://en.wikisource.org/wiki?curid=100183

Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/John Wessel Goesport

Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/John Wessel Goesport <templatestyles src="Header/styles.css" /> <templatestyles src="Header/main block/styles.css" />← Friedrich Ludwig Zacharias Werner Ignaz Heinrich von Wessenberg → <includeonly></includeonly> (GANSFORT). A fifteenth-century Dutch theologian, born at Gröningen in 1420; died there on 4 Oct., 1489. He was educated at Zwolle and lived in the seminary of the Brothers of the Common Life. From 1449 he studied at the University of Cologne, and graduated master of arts there. In 1456-7 he was temporary professor of arts at the University of Heidelberg. About the beginning of 1458 he went to Paris, intending to induce two celebrated teachers from the Netherlands, then lecturing at Paris, to change from Formalism to Realism, which he advocated zealously. He himself, however, was converted to Formalism, and then adopted Nominalism, to which he afterwards adhered. His stay at Paris lasted probably until 1473; He left very likely because of the edict issued in that year by Louis XI against Nominalism. He then spent some time in 1474 at Venice, and apparently at Basle, after which he returned home and devoted himself in quiet to learning. He spent the greater part of his last years alternately in several monasteries. Though he remained a layman, he was interested mainly in theological questions. A selection from his writings, "Farrago rerum theologicarum", was issued at Zwolle, probably in 1521 (reprint at Wittenberg, 1522, and Basle, 1522, this latter containing a commendatory preface by Luther). The Basle edition included several letters to and from Wessel. Shortly after 1521 Wessel published at Zwolle: "De sacramento Eucharistiæ et audienda missa"; "De oratione et modo orandi"; "De causis incarnationis". A complete edition of his works appeared at Gröningen in 1614, with a biographical sketch by the Protestant preacher Albert Hardenberg. Protestants usually regard Wessel as a precursor of Luther. The first publication of the "Farrago rerum theologicarum" was the work of Protestants, who presented in it a collection of extracts which seemed to favour Protestantism. This judgment, maintained in modern times by Ullmann, is one-sided and exaggerates Wessel's deviations from the teaching of the Church. True his theology contains dogmatic errors, some of which were later taught by Luther. He denies the infallible office of teaching of the Church, and the infallibility of the pope and the ecumenical councils. He disputes the right of ecclesiastical superiors to give commands that bind under sin. He emphasizes too strongly the subjective activity of the faithful in sharing the fruits of Communion and of the Sacrifice of the Mass ("opus operantis"), so that the objective working of the sacrament ("opus operatum") seems to be impaired. In the Sacrament of Penance he acknowledges the priestly absolution, but denies its judicial character. He rejects satisfaction as a part of the sacrament, holding that with the remission of sins the temporal punishment is also remitted. He regards an indulgence as a merely external release from canonical punishments and censures; in his opinion, purgatory serves not to punish temporally sins remitted in this world, but only to purify souls from inordinate desires, and from venial sins. Yet in those points which touch the fundamental doctrines of the Reformers, Wessel stands entirely on Catholic ground. He teaches the freedom of the will, justification not by faith alone but by faith active in love, the meritorious character of good works; the rule of faith as formed by the Scriptures and Tradition; he acknowledges the primacy of the pope, the efficacy of the Sacraments "ex opere operato", Transubstantiation by the priestly consecration, the sacrificial character of the Holy Eucharist, and holds firmly to the veneration of the Blessed Virgin. Such being the character of his theology, he cannot be regarded as a precursor of the Reformation. He never thought of separating from the Church and he died a Catholic. During his lifetime he was never taken to task by the Inquisition. In the sixteenth century his writings, however, were placed on the Index of forbidden books on account of their errors. FRIEDRICH LAUCHERT

ketholik biswokux (1913)/john wesel go 'spo' rt friedris ludwig jasarias werner ignaaz heinoris bhon wessenborg → (gunsfort). 1420 sonot greeningenot jonmogrohon koraa ponchodox xotikar ejon dusch dhormototwobid; 4 octoborot taat mrityu hoisil.1489 sonot teu jo 'ulot xikhya laabh korisil aaru xadharon jiwanor bhatrixokolor xikhyarthonit baax korisil. 1449 sonor poraa teu kolun biswobidyaloyot odhyoyon korisil aaru taat kolar snatokuttor degree laabh korisil. 1456-7 too teu heidelberg biswobidyaloyot kolar osthayi odhyapok aasil. 1458 sonor aarombhonite teu perisoloi goisil, netherlandor dujon bikhyat xikhyokok prerito korar uddesyore, taar pisot perisot boktrita di, anusthanikotar poraa bastobbadoloi poriworton koriboloi, jaak teu utxahere xomorthon kore. obosye teu nijei anusthanikotaloi rupantorit hoisil, aaru taar pisot namadorxobad grohon korisil, jitu pisot teu maani loisil. perisot teur thoka xombhobotoh 1473 sonoloike solisil; xei bosor lui siye naamor biruddhe jaari koraa aadexor baabe teu bohu xombhawonare guchi goisil. taar pisot teu 1474 sonot venisot aaru apatdristito besolot kichu xomoy kotaisil, jaar pisot teu ghoroloi ubhoti aahisil aaru nijoke xikar baabe nirbaxito korisil. teu teur xexor bosoror besibhag xomoy porzaykrome keibatau mothot otibahito korisil. jodiu teu ejon xadharon manuh hoiyei thakil, teu mulotoh dhormotatwik prosnoburor proti aagrohi aasil. teur likhonir poraa nirbasito "faragu reram thiul" jisaram ", xombhobotoh 1521 sonot jo" let jaari koraa hoisil (1522 sonor wittenbergot punor print aaru 1522 sonor besolot, ei pisortut lutharor dwara proxongxamulok bhumika thoka). besol xongoskoronot weseloloi ohaa-juwa koraa keibatau sithi ontorbhukto aasil. 1521 sonor kichu xomoyor pisote wesele jo "ulot prokax korisiloh" di sekramentu ukaristiye ett oh "dinda misa"; "di orexone ett mudu orandi"; "di koo" sisix obotaris ". 1614 sonot greeningenot teur kaamor etaa xompurno xongskoron protestent prosarok elbert hardenbergor jibonimulok scasor xoite prokax paisil. protestantxokole xadharonote weselok lutharor purboxuri hisape gonyo kore. faragu reram thiul" jisaram "ror prothom prokax aasil protestantxokolor kaam, jiye iyat protestantobador pokhyot thoka zen logaa extractor etaa xongroho uposthapon korisil. aadhunik xomoyot ulmene rokhya koraa ei bisartu ekpokhyiyo aaru girjar xikhyar poraa weselor bisyutir bixoye otixoyukti prokax kore. xotyo je teur dhormototwot hothdhormiyo bhul aase, jaar kisuman pisoloi lutharor dwara xikuwa hoisil. teu girjar xikhyar oporimeyo karzaloy, aaru pup aaru acumenical councilor oporimeyotak oswikar kore. teu paapor odhinot aabodho koraa aadex diyar baabe girjar uporot thoka bixoyaxokolor odhikaror birudhita kore. teu biswaxixokolor xamuhikotar foll aaru jonoxadharonor tyag ("opas oh 'parantis") bhag botora korar baabe byoktigoto karzokolapor uporot oti jure diye, jaate dhormonirmor uddesyomulok kaam ("opas oh' paretum") durbol hoi poraa zen laage. toposyar xongoskoronot teu puruhitor poraa mukti swikar kore, kintu iyar nyayik soritrok oswikar kore. teu pobitro poromporar ongxo hisape xontusti nakoch kore, aaru dharona kore je paapor khyomar xoite xamoyik xastiu prodan koraa hoy. teu bhugok kewol anusthanik xasti aaru nindar poraa bahyik mukti hisape gonyo kore; teur mote, purgatoriye ei prithibit khyoma koraa xamoyik paapok xasti diyar baabe kaam nokore, boroncho kewol otyodhik issa aaru paapor poraa aatmak xuddho korar baabe kaam kore. tothapiu xongoskarokxokolor moulik motobadok sporxo koraa bixoiburot wesel xompurnorupe ketholik bhittit thiyo hoi aase. teu issar swadhinota, kewol biswaxor dwarahe nohoy, premot xokriyo biswaxor dwara nyajyota, bhaal kaamor gunagunor sorto; xastro aaru poromporare gothon koraa biswaxor xaxon; teu pupor pradhanyo, dhormo "ex upore opere" ror ", puruhitor dwara protipalonor dwara poriworton, pobitro ukaristor tyagor sor sor sor sor, aarth aarth aar dwaar dware poripurnito kaar korok, aarmor praar prosarokorokor pron korr prosarokor pron koron korr pronoyonor pronoyonor pronoyonor dwaar pro pronoyonor pronoyonor pronoyonor pronoyonor pronoyonor pro pronoyonor pronoyonor pronoyonor pronoyonor pronoyonor teur dhormobigyanor soritro huwar baabe teuk xongskaror purboxuri hisape gonyo koribo nuwari. teu ketiyau girjar poraa prithok huwar kotha bhoba nasil aaru teu ejon ketholik hisape mrityuboron korisil. teur jiwankalot teuk ketiyau onuxondhanor dwara dayitwo diya huwa nasil. xurox xotikat obosye teur likhonibur teulukor bhulor baabe nixidho kitapor xusokot rokha hoisil. friedris loucert

catholic biswakosh (1913)/john oyesela gosport friedrich ludouig jacharius werner ignaz heinrich vone wessenberg  (gunsfort). 1420 khristabde greeningene jonmogrohonkari panchadash shatabdir ekjon dutch dhormotottobid; 4 octobor sekhane maaraa zaan.1489 saale tini joylete padashona corren ebong sadharan jeeboner bhaider seminare bosobas korten. 1449 saal theke tini colone bishwobidyaloye padashona corren ebong sekhane muster off artasa degree orjon corren. tini heidelberg bishwobidyaloyer shilpokolar asthayi adhyapak chhilen. 1458 khristabder shurute tini pyarise zaan, netherlandser dui bikhyato shikkhokke prorochito korar uddeshye, tarpor pyarise boktrita diye, anusthanikata theke bastobbade poribortoner jonno, jaa tini uddoger saathe samarthan korechilen. tobey, tini nijei anusthanikatay rupantarita hohn ebong tarpor nambad grohon corren, jaa porey tini meney nene. pyarise taanr abosthan sombhoboto 1473 saal porjonto sthayi hoyechilo; sombhoboto namgototar biruddhe seii bochor lui xi dwara jaari koraa adesher karone tini choley zaan. erpor tini 1474 khristabde venis ebong apatodrishtite baseley kichhu somoy katan, jaar porey tini barite firey asen ebong shikkhar proti nijeke nisshobdo korey rakhen. tini taanr shesh bochorgulir beshirbhag somoy porjaykrome besh koyekti motthe katiechilen. jodio tini ekjon sadharan manush chhilen, tini mulat dhormotattik proshnogulite agrahi chhilen. taanr lekha theke ekti nirbachito, "farago reram theologicarum", sombhoboto 1521 saale joylete prokashito hoyechilo (wittenberg, 1522, ebong bessel, 1522-ayee punra mudran koraa hoyechilo, eyi porertite luther ekti proshongshamulok bhumika royeche). bessel sangaskarane oyeseler kachhe assa-yawa koraa besh koyekti chitthi antarbhukta chhilo. 1521 saaler alpo kichudin porei oyesela joylete prokashito hayah "dii sacramento eukaristiye ett audionda missa"; "dii oreshni ett modo orandi"; "dii kazis obtaronis". protestant dhormoprocharok albert hardenberger ekti jeebonimulok sketch soho 1614 saale taanr kaajer ekti sampurna sanskaran greeningene prokashito hoy. protestantra sadharonoto oyeselke luther agraduta hisabe bibechona korey. farago reram theologicarum"-err prothom prokashona chhilo protestantder kaaj, jaaraa etey emon ekti nirjaser sangraha uposthapon korechilo jaa protestantbader pokkhe boley money hoyechilo. adhunik juge ullmaner dwara rakkhanabekkhan koraa eyi rayti ektorofa ebong girjar shikkha theke oyeseler bichyutigulike atiranjito korey. satya jey taanr dhormototte motobadgoto truti royeche, jaar modhye koyekti porey luther dwara shekhano hoyechilo. tini girjar shikkhar trutihin podo ebong pope oo bishwojonin porishodgulir trutihinotake aswikar corren. tini paper adhine aboddho adesh deoar jonno girjar urdhotonder adhikarer birodhita corren. tini biswasider parosporik somporko ebong ganobolidaner ("opus operantis") foll bhag korey neoar visayagata kriyakalaper upor khub jore deena, jaate dhormogronther ("opus operatum") uddeshyomulok kaajkormo byahoto hoy boley money hoy. toposyar sangoskare tini purohiter abyahati sweekar corren, kintu err bicharik choritroke aswikar corren. tini sangoskarer ongsho hisabe santushti prottakhyan corren, eyi boley jey paper khama soho samoyik shastio maukuf koraa hoy. tini bhogke kebolmatro shastimulok shasti ebong ninda theke bahyik mukti hisabe bibechona corren; taanr motey, purgatori eyi prithibite samoyikbhabe khama koraa papgulike shasti deoar jonno kaaj korey naa, borong kebolmatro atyadhik ichcha ebong pup theke atmake shuddho korar jonno kaaj korey. tobuo sangoskarbadider moulik motobadke sporsho korey emon vishaygulite oyesela sampurnarupe catholic vittite dandiye achhe. tini ichchar swadhinota shekhan, shudhumatra biswaser dwara noy, preme sakriya biswaser dwara nyajyata, satkarmer proshongshoniyo choritro; dhormogrontho ebong oitijhyo dwara gothito biswaser shasson; tini poper pradhanno, "eksa opere operato" dharmiya acharer karjokarita, purohiter abhishek dwara transbostantiation, pobitro eucharister attotyag choritro ebong ashirbadprapto kumarir shroddhar proti dridhobhabe dharon corren. taanr dharmatwer choritro howa taanke sangoskarer agraduta hisabe bibechona koraa yaay naa. tini kokhono girja theke alada howar kotha bhabenni ebong tini ekjon catholic hisebe maaraa zaan. taanr jeeboddoshai taanke kokhono todonter aota aanaa hoyney. shodash shotabdite taanr lekhaguli abashya taader bhuler karone nishiddho boiyer suchke rakha hoyechilo. friedrich louchart

ketholik gnyankosh (1913)/john vesal gosport friedrich loodwig zacharias verner ignaz heinrich voona wessenberg  (gansfort). pandarmi sadeena dutch dharamshastri, jeno janm 1420maan grainingen khaate thayo hato; 4 octobernaa roj tyaan temnu avsaan thayu hatoo., 1489. temane zvolmaa shikshan melavyu hatoo aneey saamanya jeevannaa bhaiona seminaryma raheta hataa. 1449 thee temane collon universityma abhyaas karyo aneey tyaan master off artsnee padvi melvee. 1456-7 maan teo headleberg universityma kalaana kaamchalaau prophesara hataa. 1458nee sharuaatmaa teo paris gayaa, netherlandnaa beey prakhyaat shikshakone prereet karvaanaa iradathi, pachhi pereesmaa pravachno aaptaa, aupchariktathi vastavadma parivartan laavvaa maate, jenee temane utsaahpurvak himayat curry hatee. joke, temane pote aupchariktama rupaantar karyoo hatoo aneey pachhi namaditva apnaavyu hatoo, jenu temane pachhithi paalan karyoo hatoo. pereesmaa temno rokaan kadaach 1473 sudhee chaalyu; teey varshe luis zee dwara nominalism viruddh jaaree karaayela aadeshne kaarane teo kadaach chaalya gayaa. tyarbad temane 1474maan venis khaate aneey dekheeti reete baseley khaate thodo samay pasaar karyo, tyarbad teo ghare parat faryaa aneey potaane shaant reete sheekhva maate samarpeet curry deedhaa. temane temnaa chhella varshono moto bhaag vaarafarti anek mathomaa vitaavyo hato. teo saamanya maanas rahyaa hovaa chhataa, temne mukhyatve dhaarmik prashnomaa rus hato. temnaa lakhanomathi aek pasandagi, "farago reram theologicarum", kadaach 1521maan zwol khaate bahaar padvama aavee hatee (wittenberg khaate 1522maan punahmudran aneey baseley, 1522maan, aaa pachhinu luther dwara prashansaatmak prastaavnaa dharaave chhe). besel aavruttima vesalne aavtaa aneey aavtaa ghanaa patrono samaavesh thato hato. 1521 pachhi toonk samayma vesal zwol khaate prakashit thayunh "dii secramento uturisty aeta odinda missa"; "dii oration aeta modo orandi"; "dii coses avtaris". temnee kruteeoni sampoorn aavrutti 1614maan grainingen khaate protestant updeshak albert hardenbergna jivancharitratmak scatch saathe prakashit thaee hatee. protestanto saamanya reete vesalne luthernaa purogami tareeke maane chhe. ferrago reram theologicarum" noon pratham prakaashan protestantoni krutee hatee, jemane temaa aevaa arkno sangrah rajoo karyo hato jeey protestantvaadni tarfen karato hoya tevu laagtu hatoo. aadhunik samayma ulmen dwara jalavama aavelo aaa chukaado ektarafi chhe aneey churchna shikshanthi vesalnaa vichalnone atishayoktibharyo chhe. saachu chhe keey temnaa dharamshastrama hathdharmi bhoolo chhe, jemathi ketalik paachhalthi luther dwara shikhvavama aavee hatee. teey churchna shikshana achook hoddaane aneey pope aneey vishvavyaapi parishadoni achukataane nakaari kaadhe chhe. teey paap hethal bandhaayela aadesho aapvana churchna uparee adheekariona adhikaarno vivaad karey chhe. teo vafaadaar lokonee vyaktilakshi pravrutee parr khoob bhaar mooke chhe, jemaa teo biradarina fala aneey saamuhik balidan (opus operantis) nee vahenchani karey chhe, jethee sanskaar (opus operatum) noon udeshypurn kaary nabalu padey. tapashcharyana sanskarma teey purohitni mukteene sweekaare chhe, parantu tenaa nyaayik paatrane nakaare chhe. teey sanskaarnaa aek bhaag tareeke santoshne nakaari kaadhe chhe, aevu maaneene keey paaponi maafee saathe asthaayi sajaa pann maaf karvaamaa aave chhe. teey bhogne maatra adheekrut sajaao aneey nindaomathi baahy muktee tareeke maane chhe; temnaa matey, shuddhikaran aaa jagatma maaf karaayela laukeek paapone sajaa aapvaanu kaama karatu nathee, parantu maatra aatmaane ateeshay ichchhaothi aneey paapothi shuddh karvaanu kaama karey chhe. tema chhataa jeey muddaao sudharakona mulbhoot siddhaantone sparshe chhe, temaa vesal sampurnpane ketholik aadhaar parr ubhoo chhe. teey ichchhani svatantrataa sheekhve chhe, maatra vishvaas dwara jaj nahee parantu premmaa sakreey vishvaas dwara, saaraa kaaryona gunvaan paatra dwara, dharmgrantho aneey parampara dwara rachaayel vishvaasnu shaasan; teey popnee pradhanyata, sanskaaroni asarkarakta "bhutpurv opere operato", purohit abhishek dwara transbstantiation, pavitra dhaarmik vidheenun balidan paatra aneey dhanya kumarikani pujaane nishchitpane jaalvi raakhe chhe. temnaa dharamshastranu paatra hovathi, temne sudharnana purogami tareeke ganee shakaata nathee. temane kyaarey churchthi alag thavaanu vichaaryu nahotu aneey teo ketholik tareeke mrutyu pamya hataa. temnaa jivankal darmiyan temne kyaarey puchparachh dwara dosheet theravama aavyaa naa hataa. joke, solmee sadimaa temnaa lakhaanone temnee bhulone kaarane pratibandhit pustakoni anukramanika parr mukvaamaa aavyaa hataa. friedrich loacher

catholic vishvakosh (1913)/johnn vessel gosport friedrich ludwig zacharias werner ignaz heinrich wonn wessenberg  (gansfort). pandrahavin shatabdi key dutch dharamshastri, jinka janm 1420 mein greeningen mein huaa thaa; 4 octuber koo vahaan unakaa nidhan hoe gayaa., 1489. unhone zwol mein shiksha praapt kii aur aam jeevan key bhaaiyon key madarse mein rahate they. 1449 seey unhone collon vishvavidyalaya mein adhyayan kiya aur vahaan kalaa mein master kii upaadhi praapt kii. aaee. dee. 1 mein way headleberg vishvavidyalaya mein kalaa key asthaayi professor they. 1458 kii shuruat mein way neetherland key dou prasiddh shikshakon koo prerit karane key iraade seey peris gaye, phir peris mein vyakhyan dete hue, aupchaariktaa seey yathaarthvaad mein badalane key liye, jisaki unhone utsaahpoorvak vakaalat kii. haalaanki, unhone swayam aupchaariktaa mein parivartan curr liya, aur phir naamvaad koo apanaaya, jiska unhone baad mein paalan kiya. peris mein unakaa pravaas sambhavatah 1473 taka chalaa; vaha nammatra key khilaf usa varsh lui xi dwara jaari kiye gaye farman key kaaran bahut sambhavana seey chalaa gayaa. isake baad unhone 1474 mein venis mein kuchh samay bitaaya, aur jahir taur parr besal mein, jisake baad way ghar laut aae aur seekhane key liye khud koo shaant curr diyaa. unhone apane antim varshon kaa adhikansh hissa baari-baari seey kaee mathon mein bitaaya. halanki way ack aam aadami baney rahey, lekin unaki ruchi mukhya roop seey dharamshastriya prashnon mein thee. unake lekhan seey ack chayan, "farago reram theologicarum", shayed 1521 mein zwol mein jaari kiya gayaa thaa (whittenberg, 1522 mein punarmudran, aur besal, 1522, iss baad vaale mein luther dwara ack prashansaatmak prastaavana thee). besal sanskaran mein vessel koo aaney aur aaney vaale kaee patra shamil they. 1521 key turant baad vessel ney zwol mein prakaashit kiyaah "dee sacramento eukeristiae aitt audinda missa"; "dee oration aitt modo orandi"; "dee cossis avtaar". unake karyon kaa ack puuraa sanskaran 1614 mein groningen mein protestant upadeshak albert hardenberg key jeevani sketch key saath prakaashit huaa. protestant aamtaur parr pott koo luther kaa agradoot maanate hain. farrago reram theologicarum" kaa pahala prakaashan protestants kaa kaam thaa, jinhone isamen uddharanon kaa ack sangrah prastut kiya joe protestantwad kaa paksh lete prateet hotey they. yeh nirnay, jise aadhunik samay mein ullman dwara banaae rakhaa gayaa haye, ektarafa haye aur church kii shiksha seey vessel key vichalan koo badhaa-chadhaakar bataata haye. yeh sach haye kii unake dharamshastra mein hathdharmita kii trutiyaan hain, jinamen seey kuchh koo baad mein luther dwara sikhaaya gayaa thaa. vaha church key shikshan key achook karyalaya aur pope aur vishvavyaapi parishadon kii achookata seey incar kartaa haye. vaha paap key adheen baadhya karane vaali aagyaaen dene key liye church key varishthon key adhikaar parr vivaad kartaa haye. vaha vishvaas key phal aur zana-samooh key balidan ("opus operantis") koo saajha karane mein vishvaasiyon kii vyaktiparak gatividhi parr bahut jore detaa haye, taaki sanskar ("opus operatum") kaa uddeshyapurna kaary baadhit prateet hoe. praayashchit key sanskar mein vaha purohit key tyag koo sweekaar kartaa haye, lekin isake nyaayik charitra seey incar kartaa haye. vaha sanskar key ack hisse key roop mein santushti koo aswikar kartaa haye, yeh maanate hue kii paapon kii maafi key saath laukik sajaa bhee maaf kii jaati haye. vaha bhog koo kewal vihit dund aur nindaaon seey baahari mukti key roop mein maanata haye; unaki raay mein, shuddhikaran iss duniya mein preshit laukik paapon koo dandit karane kaa kaam naheen kartaa haye, balki kewal aatmaon koo atyadhik ichchhaon aur paapon seey shuddh karane kaa kaam kartaa haye. phir bhee una binduon mein joe sudharakon key maulik siddhanton koo chhoote hain, vessel poori tarah seey catholic aadhar parr khadaa haye. vaha ichcha kii swatantrata sikhaata haye, naa kewal vishvaas seey balki prem mein sakriya vishvaas seey, achche karyon key medhavi charitra seey, dharmgranthon aur parampara dwara banaae gaye vishvaas key niyam seey, vaha pope kii pradhaantaa, sanskaron kii prabhavsheelta koo sweekaar kartaa haye "poorv opere operato", pujari abhishek dwara pargaman, pavitra eucharist key balidan charitra, aur dhanya kunwari kii pooja koo dridhata seey dhaaran kartaa haye. unake dharamshastra kaa charitra honey key kaaran, unhein sudhaar key agradoot key roop mein naheen maanaa jaa sakata haye. unhone kabhi church seey alag honey key baare mein naheen socha aur way ack catholic they. apane jivankal key dauran unhein kabhi bhee poochtaachh key liye naheen liya gayaa. haalaanki, solahavin shatabdi mein unake lekhan koo unaki trutiyon key kaaran varjit pustakon key soochkaank mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. friedrich laucher

catholic vishvakosha (1913)/zaan vessel gosport fredrich ludwig jacharias verner ignaz heinrich vaan wessenberg  (gunsfort). hadinaidane shatamaanada dutch devataashaastragna, 1420 ralli gringennalli janisidaru; october 4 randu allie nidhanaraadaru.1489ralli, avaru jhvolleyalli sikshana padedaru mattu saamaanya jeevanada sahodarara sikshana samstheyalli vaasisuttiddaru. 1449rinda avaru colone vishvavidyaalayadalli adhyayana maadidaru mattu allie snatakottara padavi padedaru. avaru heidelberg vishvavidyaalayadalli kaleya taatkaalika pradhyapakaragiddaru. 1458rahra aarambhadalli aata netherlandsninda ibbaru prasiddha sikshakarannu prerepisuva uddeshadinda pyaarisge hodaru, nantara parisonalli upanyasa niididaru, oupachaarikateyinda vastavikatege badalaagalu, adannu avaru utsaahadinda pratipaadisidaru. aadaagyoo, aata swatah oupachaarikatege mataantaragondanu, mattu nantara naamasoochakateyannu alavadisikondanu, nantara adannu anusarisidanu. parisonalli aatanu bahushah 1473ravarege ulidukondanu; aaa varshadalli louis XI naamasoochakateya viruddha horadisida shasanadindagi aata allinda horatuhodanu. nantara aata 1474ralli venisnalli swalpa samaya kaledaru, mattu spashtavagi besalnalli, nantara aata manege maralidaru mattu kalikeyalli mounavaagi tammannu taavu todagisikondaru. aata tanna koneya varshagala hecchina bhagavannu paryayavagi halavaaru matagalalli kaledaru. aata obba saamaanya vyaktiyagi ulidaroo, mukhyavaagi devataashaastrada prashnegalalli asakti hondiddaru. avara barahagalinda aayda "farrago rerum theologicarum" annu bahushah 1521ralli jhvolleyalli bidugade maadalaayitu (1522ralli whittenbergnalli marumudrana mattu 1522ralli bassel, idu lutherna prashamsaatmaka munnudiyannu olagondittu). basel aavruttiyu vesselge baruva mattu baruva halavaaru aksharagalannu olagondittu. 1521rahra swalpa samayada nantara vessel jhvolleyalli prakatisidaruh "dii sacramento eukaristiye ett audienda missa"; "dii oration ett modo orandi"; "dii cassis avataris". protestant bodhaka albert hardenberg avara jivanacharitreya rekhaachitradondige avara krutigala sampoorna aavruttiyu 1614 ralli greeningennalli kaanisikonditu. protestantgalu samanyavagi vessel annu lutherna purvagami endu pariganisuttaare. farrago rerum theologicarum" naa modala prakataneyu protestantgala krutiyagiddu, avaru adaralli protestant panthakke olavu toruva saragala sangrahavannu prastutapadisidaru. aadhunika kaaladalli ulman nirvahisida ee tirpu ekapaksheeyavaagide mattu churchna bodhaneyinda vesselna vyatyaasagalannu utprekshisuttade. aatana devataashaastravu hathadharmada doshagalannu hondide, avugalalli kelavannu nantara luther kalisidaru. avanu churchna bodhaneya dosharahita kacheriyannu mattu pope mattu ecumenical kaunsilgala dosharahitateyannu niraakarisuttaane. paapada adiyalli bandhisuva aagnegalannu needuva churchna meladhikaarigala hakkannu aata virodhisuttaane. avaru samudaayada phalavannu mattu saamuhika tyagavannu ("opas operantis") hanchikolluvalli nishtaavantara vyaktinishtha chatuvatikeyannu tumba balavagi ottiheluttaare, idarindaagi samskaarada ("opas operatum") vastunishtha kaaryavu durbalagondante toruttade. tapassina samskaaradalli avanu purohitara vimochaneyannu oppikolluttaane, aadare adara nyayangada svaroopavannu niraakarisuttaane. aatanu santatiyannu samskaarada ondu bhagavendu tiraskarisuttaane, papagala upashamanadondige taatkaalika shiksheyannoo saha mannah maadalaaguttade endu heluttaane. aata bhogavannu kevala angeekruta shikshegalu mattu khandanegalinda horagina bidugade endu pariganisuttaane; aatana abhiprayadalli, shuddikaranavu ee jagattinalli tatkalikavagi kshamisalaada papagalannu sikshisuvudalla, aadare atiyaada aasegalinda mattu paapagalinda aatmagalannu shuddikarisuvudakke maatra kaaryanirvahisuttade. aadaroo sudharakara moolabhoota siddhaantagalannu muttuva amshagalalli, vessel sampoornavaagi catholic neleyalliye nintide. aata ichcheya svatantryavannu, kevala nambikeyinda matravalla, pritiyalli sakriyavagiruva nambikeyinda, olleya karyagala yogyavada patravannu, dharmagranthagalu mattu sampradaayagalinda rupugonda nambikeya niyamavannu bodhisuttaane; popna pramukhyate, "ex opere operato" samskaaragala parinaamakaaritva, purohita pratishtheyinda prasarana, pavitra eukaristna tyaga patra mattu poojya kanyeya aaraadhanege drudhavaagi antikolluttaane. aatana devataashaastrada svaroopavu heegidda kaarana, aatanannu sudhaaraneya purvagami endu pariganisalaaguvudilla. aata charchninda berpaduva bagge endigoo yochisalilla mattu aata obba catholic aagi nidhanaraadaru. avara jeevitaavadhiyalli avarannu endigoo vichaaranege olapadisalilla. aadaagyoo, hadinaarane shatamaanadalli avara barahagalannu avugala doshagala kaaranadindaagi nishedhita pustakagala soochyankadalli irisalaayitu. friedrich louchert

catholica vijnjaanakoshangal (1913)/joonn vessel gosport fredrich ludwig sacharias verner ignas heinrich voonn wessenberg  (gansfort). pathinanjaam noottaandile dutch daivashaasthranjanaaya addeham 1420-ll greeningenil janichu; october 4-nuu avide vachu marichu.1489ll swolil vidyaabhyaasam nediya addeham saadhaarana jeevithathile sahodaranmaarude seminariyilaanu thaamasichirunnathu. 1449 muthal addeham koloon sarvakalashaalayil padikkukayum avide ninnu maasttar oof arts birudam nedukayum cheythu. heidelberg sarvakalashaalayil arts thaalkkaalika professoraayirunnu addeham. 1458-nte thudakkathil addeham paareesilekk pooyi, netherlandil ninnulla rund prashastha adhyaapakare prerippikkaan uddeshichukondu, thudarnnu paareesil prabhashanam nadatthi, aupachaarikathayil ninnu yaadhaarthyathilekku marran, athu addeham theekshnathayode vaadichu. ennirunnaalum, addeham thanne aupachaarikathayilekku parivartthanam cheyyappedukayum pinneedu naamamaathrathvam sweekarikkukayum pinneedu athu palikkukayum cheythu. paareesile addehathinte thamasam orupakshe 1473 vare neenduninnu; naamamaathravaadathinethire luis pathinaar aaa varsham purappeduvicha saasanam kaaranam addeham avide ninnu pooyi. thudarnnu 1474ll addeham venesilum prathyakshatthil baslilum kurachu samayam chelavazhichu, athinusesham addeham veettilekku madangukayum padanathinaayi svayam nishabdathayode samarppikkukayum cheythu. thante avasana varshangalude bhooribhaagavum addeham marimari niravadhi ashramangalil chelavazhichu. addeham oru saadhaaranakkaaranaayi thudarnnenkilum pradhaanamaayum daivashaasthraparamaaya chodyangalil addehathinu thaalpparyamundaayirunnu. addehathinte rachanakalil ninnu thiranjeduttha "farago rerum theologicarum" orupakshe 1521-ll swolil prasidheekarichu (1522-ll vittanbargilum 1522-ll basilum punarmudranam cheythu, ithil lutherinte prashamsaapatram adangiyirikkunnu). vessalilekkum athil ninnumulla niravadhi aksharangal bassel pathippil ulppedunnu. 1521 nuu thottupinnaale vessel swolil prasidheekarichu "dii sacramento yookkaristiye ettu oodeenda misa"; "dii ooreshan ettu modo orandi"; "dii cossis avatharika". protestant prasamgakanaaya albert hardenberghinte jeevacharitra rekhaachithrathodoppam addehathinte kruthikalude oru samboornna pathipp 1614-ll greeningenil prathyakshappettu. protestants saadhaaranayaayi vessaline lutherinte munnodiyaayi kanakkakkunnu. farago rerum theologicarum" enna kruthiyude aadya prasidheekaranam protestantistukaltu kruthiyaayirunnu, avar athil protestantisatthe anukoolikkunnathaayi thonnunna udharanikalude oru shekharam avatharippichu. aadhunika kaalath ulman nilanirtthiya eee vidhi ekapaksheeyavum sabhayude padippikkalil ninnulla vessalinte vyathiyaanangale athishayokthiparavumaan. addehathinte daivashaasthrathil pishakukal undu, avayil chilath pinneedu luther padippichu. sabhayude adhyaapanathinte thettaaya padaviyum maarppaappayudeyum ecumenical kaunsilukaludeyum thettaaya kazhivum addeham nishedhikkunnu. paapatthinte keezhil nilkkunna kalpanakal nalkaanulla sabhaa meludyogastharude avakaashathe addeham ethirkkunnu. koodaashayude ("oopas oopparattam") vasthunishtamaaya pravartthanam durbalamaakunnathinaayi, koottaaymayudeyum bahujana thyaagathinteyum ("oopas opparaantis") phalam pankidunnathil vishwaasikalude aathmanishtamaaya pravarthanatthinu addeham shakthamayi oonnal nalkunnu. thapassinte koodaashayile purohithamochanam addeham amgeekarikkunnu, pakshe athinte judicial swabhaavam nishedhikkunnu. paapamochanathodoppam thaalkkaalika sikshayum ozhivaakkappedunnu ennu vishwasichukondu, vishudhagrandhathinte bhaagamaayi addeham samthrupthi nirasikkunnu. canonical shikshakalil ninnum nindakalil ninnum oru baahya mochanam maathramaayi addeham oru bhogasakthiye kanakkakkunnu; addehathinte abhipraayathil, shudheekaranam eee lokath maaychu kalanja thaalkkaalika paapangale shikshikkunnathalla, marichu amithamaya aagrahangalil ninnum paapangalil ninnum aathmaakkale shudheekarikkaan maathramaan pravartthikkunnathu. ennittum parishkaranavaadikalude adisthaana sidhaanthangale sparsikkunna pooyintukalil, vessel poornnamaayum catholica aditharayil nilkkunnu. addeham ichhaa swaathanthryathe padippikkunnu, vishwaasathaal mathramalla, snehathil sajeevamaaya vishwaasathaal nyaayeekaranam, salpravrithikalude yogyamaaya swabhaavam; thiruvezhuthukalum paarambaryavum roopeekaricha vishwaasathinte bharanam; maarppaappayude praadhaanyam, "ex opere opparatto" enna koodaashakalude falaprapti, purohita prathishtayude parivartthanam, vishudha yookkaristinte thyaga swabhaavam, anugraheeta kanyakayude aaradhanayil urachunil urachunilkkuka enniva addeham amgeekarikkunnu. addehathinte daivashaasthrathinte swabhaavam aayathinal addehathe parishkaranatthinte munnodiyaayi kanakkakkaan kazhiyilla. sabhayil ninnu verpiriyunnathinekkuriyu addeham orikkalum chinthichilla, addeham oru katholikkanaayi marichu. addehathinte jeevithakaalathu orikkalum anweshanathiloode addehathe kuttappedutthiyittilla. ennirunnaalum, pathinaram noottaandil addehathinte rachanakal avayude pishakukal kaaranam nirodhitha pusthakangalude soochikayil ulppeduthi. friedrich lochart

catholic vishvakosh (1913)/johnn vesal gosport friedrich ludwig zacharias verner ignaz heinrich wonn wessenberg  (gansfort). 1420 madhye groningen yethe janmalele pandharavya shatkatil dutch dharamshastradnya; 4 aktoobar roji tethe tyanche nidhan jhaale.1489 madhye tyanche shikshan zwol yethe jhaale aanee teey samanya jivanatil bhavanchya shikshanshalet rahat hote. 1449 pasoon tyane collon vidyapithat shikshan ghetale aanee tethe kalashastrat padvyuttar padvi prapt kelee. aay. dii. 1 madhye teey headleberg vidyapithat qalaa vibhagache tatpurte pradhyapak hote. 1458 chya suruvatila too parisla gela, netherlandmadhil done prasiddha shikshakanna prerit karnyachya hetune, nantar parismadhye vyakhyane dett, aupchariktepasun vastavadakade valanyasathi, jyache tyane utsahane samarthan kele. matra, tyanni swatah aupchariktet rupantar kele aanee nantar namvad swikarla, jyache tyanni nantar palan kele. parismadhil tyacha mukkam bahudha 1473 paryant tikala; tyaa varshi lui zeene namvadachya virodhat jaaree kelelya aadeshamule too nighun gela. tyanantar tyane 1474 madhye venis yethe aanee varvar pahata besal yethe kahee kaal ghalavala, jyanantar too gharee paratala aanee shantatet shikshanasathi swatahla samarpit kele. tyane tyachya shevatchya varshancha barachsa bhag anek mathanmadhye bariksarik vyateet keela. jaree too eka samanya manus rahila asala taree tyala pramukhyane dharamshastriy prashnanmadhye rus hota. tyachya lekhanatun nivadak, 'farrago reram theologicarum', zwol yethe bahudha 1521 madhye jaaree karnyat aala hota (whittenberg yethe 1522 madhye punarmudran aanee besal, 1522 madhye, yaat leutherne keleli prashansatmak prastavna aahe). besal aavruttit vesalala yenanya aanee yenanya anek patrancha samavesh hota. 1521 nantar lavkarach vesal zwol yethe prakashit jhaleh "dii sacramento uturistiae ett audinda misa"; "dii oration ett modo orandi"; "dii cossis avtar". protestant upadeshak albert hardenberg yanchya charitratmak rekhachitrasaha, tyachya kamanchi sampoorn aavrutti 1614 madhye groningen yethe prakashit jhaali. protestant sahasa jahajala luthercha purvavarti manatat. farragro reram theologicarum' chey pahile prakashan protestantanche kaam hote, jyanni tyat protestantvadala anukool vatananya arkancha sangrah sadar keela. aadhunik kalat ulamanane dilela haah nirnay ektarfi aahe aanee charchchya shikavanukipasun vesalchya vichalananchi atishayokti karato. tyachya dharamshastrat hathdharmik truti aahet, jyapaiki kahee nantar leutherne shikavalya. charchchya shikshanache achook karyalay aanee pope aanee vishvavyapi parishadanchi achookata too nakarto. too papachya adheen asalelya aadnya denyachya charchchya varishthanchya adhikaravar aakshep gheto. too vishvasoo lokanchya vyaktilakshi kriyakalapanvar, samajachi fale aanee jansamuhatil (opus operantis) balidanachi devanghevan karnyavar khoop jore deto, jenekarun sanskar (opus operatum) chey vastunishtha karya bighadalele disate. tapashcharyechya sanskarat too purohitanchya sutakechi kabuli deto, parantu tyache nyayik swaroop nakarto. too sanskarancha eka bhag mhanoon samadhan nakarto, asey gruheet dharoon qee papanchi kshama kelyane tatpurati shiksha dekhil maaf kelee jaate. too bhogala keval vihit shiksha aanee ninda yampasoon bahya mukti manato; tyachya matey, shuddhikaran heey yaa jagaat maaf kelelya tatpuratya papanna shiksha karnyache kaam karat nahee, tarr keval aatmyanna atireki ichchhanpasun aanee papanpasoon shuddha karnyache kaam karate. tarihi sudharkanchya moolbhut siddhantanna sparsh karananya muddyanmadhye, vesal purnapane catholic aadharavar ubha aahe. too ichcheche swatantrya shikavato, keval vishvasadvare navhe tarr premat sakriy asalelya vishvasadvare, changlya krutinche gunakari charitrya, shastra aanee paramparedvare tayar jhalelya shraddheche niyam, too popache pradhanya, sanskaranchi parinamkarakta, 'ex opere aperato', paurohitya pratishthapanadvare pargaman, pavitra ukeristche balidan swaroop aanee dhanya kumarichya poojela drudhpane dharoon thevato. tyachya dharamshastrache swaroop asalyane tyala sudharanecha purvavarti manale jaau shakat nahee. tyane charchpasoon vegale honyacha kadhihi vichar keela nahee aanee too catholic mhanoon maran pavala. tyanchya aayushyat chaukashidware tyanchyavar kadhihi karvai karnyat aalee nahee. solavya shatkat matra, tyanchya chukanmule tyanche lekhan nishiddha pustakanchya nirdeshankat thevanyat aale. friedrich laucher

catholic vishwakosh (1913)/john wessel gosport fredrick loodwig jacharias werner ignaz heinrich bhon wessenberg â (gansfort). pandhraun shatabdika douch dharmashastri, sann 1420 maa greengenma janmeka thie; 4 octoberma tyahan unko mrityu bhayo.sann 1489 maa unle jwolma shiksha prapta gare rar samanya jiwanka bhaiharuko madarasma basthe. sann 1449 dekhi unle colone vishwavidyalayama adhyayan gare rar tyahan master aff artsko snatak gare. sann 2001 maa uni headleberg vishwavidyalayama kalako asthayi pradhyapak thie. sann 1458 ko prarambhama uni netherlandska dui prasidha shikshakharulai prerit garne uddeshyale peris gae, tyasapachhi perisma wyakhyan dindai, aupachariktabata yatharthawadma pariwartan garna, jaslai unle utsahapurwak wakalat gare. yadyapi, uni afai aupachariktama pariwartit bhae, rar tyasapachhi namawad apanae, jaslai unle pachhi palan gare. perisma unko prawas sambhawatah 1473 samma chalyo; uni dherai sambhawana chhodera gae kinbhane tyo warsha luis xi dwara namamatrawadko viruddhama jaari garieko adesh thiyo. tyasapachhi unle sann 1474 maa bhenisma rar spashta rupma beslama kehi samaya bitae, tyasapachhi uni ghar farkie rar sikaima afulai shanta rupma samarpit gare. unle afno antim warshaharuko thulo bhag vibhinna mathharuma barry-barry bitae. uni aam manis bhae tapani uni mukhyataya dharmashastriya prashnaharuma ruchi rakhthe. unka lekhanharubata chayan garieko, "farago reram theologicarum", sambhawatah 1521 maa jwolma jaari garieko thiyo (whittenberg, 1522, rar besal, 1522 maa punah mudran, yo pachhillo luthardwara prashansatmak prastawana samawesh gardacha). besal sanskaranma vesalma aune rar aune dheraiwata patraharu samawesh thie. sann 1521 pachhi chaandai wesalle jwolma prakashit gareh "day sacramento yukeristie att adionda missa"; "day oration att modo orandi"; "day cassis awataris". protestant upadeshak albert hardenbergko jiwani rekhachitrasahit unka karyaharuko purna sanskaran sann 1614 maa greeningenma dekha paryo. protestentharule samanyataya vesallai lutharko agradutko rupma manchan. farago reram theologicarum" ko pahilo prakashan protestentharuko kaam thiyo, jasle yasama uddharanharuko sangraha prastut gare june protestentwadko pakshama dekhinchha. adhunik samayama ulmandwara kayam rakhieko yo nirnaya ektarfi chha rar charchako shikshabata bheselko vichalanlai atiranjit gardacha. satya how kii unko dharmashastrama hathadharmi trutiharu chhan, jasmadhye kehi pachhi luthardwara sikaieko thiyo. unle charchako shikshako trutihin karyalaya, rar pope rar vishwawyapi parishadharuko trutihintalai aswikar garchhan. usale papko adhinma baandhine adeshharu dine charchaka warishthaharuko adhikarlai vivad gardacha. unle wishwasiharuko wyaktiparak gatiwidhilai communionko fall rar masko balidan (opus operantices) sajha garnama dherai jode dinchhan, taaki sanskar (opus upretum) ko uddeshya karya bigrieko dekhinchha. tapasyako sanskarma unle pujariko tyaglai swikar garchhan, tara yasako nyayik charitralai aswikar garchhan. unle papko maafisangai laukik sajaya pani mukta hunchha bhani mandai sanskarko ek bhagko rupma santushtilai aswikar garchhan. usale bhoglai wihit danda rar nindabata kewal bahya muktiko rupma mandachha; unko vicharma, purgatorile yass sansarma kshama garieka laukik papharulai sajaya dina hoina, tara atmaharulai atyadhik iccha rar papharubata shudha garna matra kaam gardacha. tara pani sudharkartaharuko adharbhut siddhantaharulai chhune binduharuma, wessel purna rupma catholic adharma khada hunchha. unle ichchhako swatantrata sikaunchhan, vishwasdwara matra hoina tara premma sakriya vishwasdwara, asal karyaharuko medhavi charitradwara, dharmashastra rar paramparadwara gathan garieko wishwasko niyam; unle popko pramukhta, sanskarharuko prabhawkarita "ex opere apareto", pujari pratishthadwara ट्rarान्सब्स्टान्टाइजेसन, pawitra yukaristako balidan charitra, rar dhanya kumariko pujalai dridhatapurwak samatchhan. unko dharmashastrako charitra bhaekale unlai sudharko agradutka rupma manna sakindaina. unle charchabata alag hune kahilyai socheka thienan rar uni catholic bhaera marey. afno jiwankalma unlai sodhapuchhadwara kahilyai kamma lagieko thiena. tara, sohraun shatabdima unka lekhanharu tiniharuko trutiharuka karan nishidha pustakharuko suchakankama rakhieka thie. fredrick लॉचrar

catholic encyclopedia (1913)/zohn wessel gosport friedrich ludwig jacharias werner ignaz heinrich bhann wesanwarga  (gansfort). panchdash shatabdir jane douch dharmatwabit, 1420 ray gringenre janmagrahana karithile; sethare october 4 ray mrutyubarana karithile.1489 masihare shay jawolethare sikhya laabh karithile ebong sadharana jeebner bhaimananka seminarire rahuthile. 1449 masiharu shay colone biswabidyalajare adhyajana karithile ebong sethare master off arts snataka hassel karithile. shay heidelberg biswabidyalajare kalaara asthajee professor thile. 1458 masiha prarambhare shay paris jaithile, netherlander dui john prasidha shikhyakanku prerita kariba uddeshyare, parey pyarisare baktruta dei, aanusthanikata thaaru bastababadaku paribartana karibaku, jaahaaku shay utsahara saha samarthan karithile. tebe shay nije aanusthanikata grahan karithile, ebong taa 'parey naamaku grahan karithile, jaahaaku shay parey palana karithile. pyarisare tankara rahani sambhabatah 1473 parjyanta chalithila; shay sambhabatah sehi barsha lui xi nka dwara namamatrabada biruddhare jaari karajaithiba adesh hetu chadithile . ehapare shay 1474 masihare bhenisre ebong spastatah beslere kichhi samai bitaithile, jaahaa parey shay gharaku pherithile ebong nijaku sikhya prati nihshabda bhabare utsarga karithile. shay tankara shesh barshar adhikansha samai aneka mathare paali curry bitaithile. jadio shay jane sadharana byakti thile, shay mukhyatah dharmatwa sambandheeah prashnagudikare agrahi thile. taanka lekharu eka chayan, "farago reram theologicarum", sambhabatah 1521 ray jawolere jaari karajaithila (wittenbergre punahmudrana, 1522, ebong basel, 1522, ehi parabarteeti lutharanka dwara eka prashansatmaka bhumika dhaaran karichhi) . basel sanskaranare weselaku ebong sethiru aneka chithi antarbhukta thila . 1521 masiha parey wesela jawolethare prakashita helah "dii sacramento jukaristie ett audionda missa"; "dii orasane ett modo orandi"; "dii cusis abtaris". protestant pracharaka albert hardenberganka jeebani sketch sahita 1614 ray taanka karjyara eka sampurna sanskarana graningenre prakashita hoithila . protestantamane sadharanatah weselku luther agradoota bhabe bibechana karanti. farago reram theologicarum" rahr pratham prakashan protestantmananka karjya thila, jeunmane ethire nirjasara eka sangraha upasthapana karithile jaahaa protestantabadaku samarthan karuthiba pari maneh heuthila . adhunika samajare ulamananka dwara parichalita ehi raiah ektarafa ebong churcher sikhya thaaru weselara bichyutiku atiranjit kare . ehaa satya je taanka dharmatware matabada sambandheeah truti rahichhi, jeunthiru keteka parey lutharanka dwara sikhya diajaithila. shay churcher sikhyadanara trutihina karjyalaja ebong pope ebong acumenical parisadara trutiheenataaku asweekara karanti . shay papa adheenare bandhithiba adesh deba paain mandaleeja baristhamananka adhikaraku birodha karanti . shay biswastamanankara parasparikata ebong janasadharananka balidana ("ups operantices") rahr phala bantibare byaktibisesha karjyakalapa upare atyadhika jore dianti, jaahaa dwara sanskara ("ups operatum") rahr uddeshyamoolaka karjyakarita durbala hoithiba pari manehue . tapaswara sanskarare shay purohitanka mukti sweekara karanti, kintu ehara nyajika charitraku asweekara karanti . shay santustiku sanskarara eka ansha bhabare pratyakhyana karanti, ebong daabi karanti je papa khyama sahita samajika danda madhya mukta hue . shay eka bhogaku kebala pramanika danda ebong nindaru bahya mukti bhabare bibechana karanti; taanka matare, purgatori ehi duniaare khyama karajaithiba samajika papaku danda deba paain karjya kare naahin, barang kebala atyadhika ichha ebong paparu aatmaaku shudha kariba paain karjya kare . tathapi jeun bindugudika sanskarakamananka moulika siddhantaku sparsha karanti, segudikare wessel sampurna bhabe catholic aadhaarare chhida hoichhanti. shay ichhara swadheenata sikhya dianti, kebala biswasa dwara nuhen, premare sakriya biswasa dwara, uttam karjyara prashansaneeah charitra; shastra ebong parampra dwara gathita biswasara niam; shay popara pradhanya, sanskara "ex opere operato" rahr prabhabasheelata, purohitanka pabitrata dwara transbtantation, pabitra jukarestanka balidana charitra ebong ashirbada prapta kumarinka pujaku drudha bhabare dhaaran karanti . taanka dharmatwara charitra hoithibaru tanku sanskarara agradoota bhabare bibechana karajaipariba naahin. shay charcharu alga heba bishajare kebe chinta karinathile ebong shay jane catholic bhabare mrutyubarana karithile. taanka jeebanakaalare tanku kebe bii tadanta dwara karjyanusthanaku niajainathila. shodash shatabdire, tankara lekhagudika, semananka truti karanaru, nishidha pustakgudikara suchakankare rakhajaithila. friedrich lachart

catholic encyclopaedia (1913)/john vaisal gosport friedrich ludwig zacharias verner ignaaz heinrich vaan wessenberg  (gansfort). ikk pandravin sadee dey dutch dharam shastari, 1420 witch grainingen vikhe paida hoye; 4 aktubar noon utthe hii uhanan dee maut hoow gaee., 1489. uss neey zavol witch sikkhiaa prapat keeti atey aam jeevan dey bharavan dey madrasse witch rahinda see. 1449 toon usne colone university witch padahi keeti atey utthe maastar aaf arts dee graduation keeti. uh headleberg university witch arts dey asthai professor sunn. 1458 dee shuruat witch uh paris giaa, needarland dey doou prasidh adhiaapkan noon prerit curran dey iraade naal, firr paris witch bhashan dinde hoye, rasmeeta toon yatharathvad witch badlan laee, jiss dee usne josh naal vakalat keeti. halanki, uh khud rasmeeta witch badal giaa see, atey firr namvad noon apnaiaa, jiss dee baad witch usne palna keeti. paris witch uss daa thahirna shayed 1473 takk riha; uh namvad dey virudh luee Xi duaara uss saal jaari keete gaye ferman dey caarn bahut sambhavna chhadd giaa. firr uss neey 1474 witch venis witch kujh samaan bitaiaa, atey zahra taur utte besal witch, jiss toon baad uh gharr waps aaiaa atey aapne aap noon sikkhan laee chupp qarr liaa. uss neey aapne aakhri saalan daa vadda hissa kaee matthan witch vaar-vaar bitaiaa. halanki uh ikk aam aadmi riha, parr uh mukkh taur utte dharam shastari parshanan witch dilchaspi rakkhda see. uss deeaan likhtan vicchon ikk chonh, "farago reram theologicalerum", shayed 1521 witch zavol vikhe jaari keeti gaee see (whittenberg, 1522 witch dubara chhapiaa giaa see, atey besal, 1522, iss witch luther duaara ikk parshansayog prastavna see). besal edition witch vaisal noon aaunn atey aaunn vaale kaee pattar shamal sunn. 1521 toon thodhi dair baad vaisal neey zavol vikhe prakashit keetaau "dee secremento ukristiae atey audinda missa"; "dee oration aett modo orandi"; "dee cossis avtaar". uss deeaan rachnavan daa ikk poora sanskaran 1614 witch graningan vikhe prakashit hoiaa, jiss witch protestant updeshak albert hardenberg duaara ikk jeevani scatch see. protestant aam taur utte vaisal noon luther daa puravgami mannade hunn. farago reram theologicarum" daa pahila parkashan protestantan daa kamm see, jinhan neey iss witch abstract daa sangrah pesh keeta joe protestantvad dey pakkh witch japda see. ih faisla, joe aadhunik samein witch ulmain duaara banayi rakkhiaa giaa haii, ikkpashed haii atey church dee sikkhiaa toon vaisal dey bhatkan noon vadha-chadah keey pesh karda haii. ih sacch haii kii uss dey dharam shastar witch kattadvaad deeaan galtiaan hunn, jinhan vicchon kujh noon baad witch luther duaara sikhaiaa giaa see. uh church dee sikkhiaa dey achook daftar atey pope atey vishav kaunsalan dee achukta toon inkaar karda haii. uh dharmik ucch adhikariaan dey paap dey adheen bnnhe hoye adesh denh dey adhikar noon lae keey vivaad karda haii. uh bhaicharak dey fall atey jann ("opes apprentices") dee balidan noon sanjha curran witch vafadaran dee viaktigat gatividhi utte bahut zor dinda haii, taan joe sanskar ("opes appretum") daa udeshpuran kamm kamzor japda haii. tapassiaa dey sanskar witch uh jajki taur utte bedkhali noon savikar karda haii, parr iss dey niaanik charittar toon inkaar karda haii. uh santushtata noon sanskar dey ikk hisse vajon radd karda haii, ih mann keey kii paapan dee muafi dey naal asthai sazaa vee muaf keeti jaandi haii. uh ikk bhog noon pramanik sazavan atey ninda toon siraf baahari rihayi mannada haii; uss dee raae witch, shudh curran daa kamm iss sansar witch sanjida paapan noon sazaa denna naheen haii, balki siraf roohan noon bahut ziaada ichhavan atey paapan toon shudh karna haii. firr vee unhan binduaan witch joe sudharkan dey buniaadi sidhantan noon chhuhde hunn, vaisal puurii tarahan catholic adhaar 'teey khadah haii. uh ichha dee aazadi sikhaunda haii, naa siraf vishwas duaara balki piaar witch sargaram vishwas duaara, change kamman dey honhar charittar duaara, dharam granthan atey parampra duaara banaae gaye vishwas dey niyam; uh pope dee pramukhta, sanskar dee prabhavsheelta noon savikar karda haii "aiks opere apreto", pujari pavittar duaara transbustantiation, pavittar eucharist daa balidan charittar, atey dhann kuaari dee pooja noon mazbooti naal rakkhda haii. uss dey dharam shastar daa charittar honn dey naate, uss noon sudhar dey puravgami vajon naheen manniaa jaa sakda. uss neey kadey vee church toon vakkh honn baare naheen sochiaa atey uh ikk catholic vajon marr giaa. aapne jeevan qaal dauran uss noon kadey vee puchgich duaara zimmevar naheen thahiraiaa giaa. halanki, solhvin sadee witch uhanan deeaan likhtan noon uhanan deeaan galtiaan dey caarn varjit kitaban dey soochkank witch rakkhiaa giaa see. friedrich lauchart

catholic-vishvakoshaha (1913)/jaan vessel gosport freedrich ludwig zacharias werner ignaz heinrich vaan wessenberg a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a (gunsfort). panchadashashataabdyaah dutch-dharmashaastri, 1420 tame varshe greeningen-nagare janma praapnot; tatra 4 october dinaanke mrutah.1489 tame varshe saha zwol-nagare shikshitah, saamaanyajeevanasy bhratrunam seminary-madhye nivasat. 1449 tame varshe saha kolonavishvavidyaalaye adhyanam akarot, tatra kalaa-snaatakottarapadaveem cha praptavan. saha heidelberg-vishvavidyaalaye kalaa-vibhaagasya asthaayeeh pradhyapakaha aasit. 1458 tame varshe praarambhe saha netherlands-deshasya khyatadhyayikabhyam prerayitum, tatah pyaris-nagare vyaakhyaaneshu aupachaarikataayaah vaastavikataayaah parivartanam kartum, yat saha utsaahen pratipaadayat, pyaris-nagaram gatavaan. parantu saha svayameva aupacharikatayam parivartitah, tatah namakaranam sveekrutavaan, yat saha pashchat angeekrutavaan. paaris-nagare tasya nivaasah praayah 1473 paryantam aasit; saha bahu sambhaawyen, tasmin varshe louis-see ityanena naam-vaadasya viruddham jaareekrutasy shasanasya karanat, nishkaasitah. tatah saha 1474 tame varshe venis-nagare, tathaa cha besale-nagare kinchitkalam vyateetavaan, tadanantaram saha gruham pratyaagatya, shikshanartham nishshabdataya swam samarpayt. saha swasya antimavarshaanaam adhikaamsham bhaagam aneka-matheshu paryaayaroopen vyateetavaan. yadyapi saha samanyaha eva aasit, tathaapi mukhyataya dharmashaastreeyaprashnesh ruchihi aasit. tasya lekhanani, "faarraago reeram theologicarum" iti chayanam, sambhawatah 1521 tame varshe zwol-nagare prakaashitam (wittenberg-nagare 1522 tame varshe, besal-nagare 1522 tame varshe cha punah mudritam, yasmin luther-varyasya prashamsaatmak-prastavana aasit). besal-samskarane vesal-prati, tasyaam prati cha aneke aksharaah aasan. 1521 tamavarshasya kinchitkalanantaram vessel-patrikaayaah zwol-nagare "dey saakremento eukaristiye ett audinda misaa"; "dey oration ett modo orandi"; "dey cassis avataaris" iti prakaashanam abhavat. tasya krutayah poornaroopen 1614 tame varshe greeningen-nagare prakashitani, yatra protestant-upadeshakasya albert hardenberg ityasya jeevanacharitraatmakam rekhaachitram aasit. proteston-janaah praayah vessal-nagaram luther-ityasya poorvagaami iti manyante. faaraago reram theologicarum" ityasya prathamam prakaashanam protestant-janaanaam krutihi aasit, ye tatra protestant-matasya pakshm avalambayantah uddharanasangrahan upasthaapayan. adhunikakale ulman ityanena anurakshitah ayam nirnayah ekapaksheeyah asti, charcha-shikshayaha viruddhen vessel-ityasya vichalanaani atishayoktim cha karoti. satyameva tasya dharmashaastre hathadharminah santi, yeshu kechan pashchat luther ityanena shikshitaah. saha charch-ityasya shikshanasy trutiheenapadam, pope-ityasya tathaa vishvavyaapee-parishadanam cha trutihinatam cha niraakaroti. saha papasya adheenam aajnaam daatum mata-varishtaanaam adhikarasya vishaye vivaadam aacharati. saha vishvaaseenaam vyaktiparakakriyaam, saamoohikasy falaanaam, saamoohikasy tyagasya (opus-operantis) cha adanapradanartham ati prabalatayaa mahattvam dadati, yena samskaarasya (opus-operaatam) vastunishtakaaryam durbalam iva drushyate. tapasyaayaah samskaare saha purohitasya tyaagam angeekaroti, parantu tasya nyayika-swaroopam niraakaroti. saha samskaarasya bhagatvena santruptim niraakaroti, papamochanena saha laukika-dandah api muktah iti dhaarayati. saha bhogam kevalam pramanika-dandaat nindaat cha baahya-mukttih iti manyate; tasya mate, shuddheekaranam asmin jagate kshamyamananam papanam dandam naa karoti, apitu kevalam atman atyadhika-icchaatah, paapa-doshaat cha shuddheekaroti. tathaapi samskartrunaam mulasiddhantan sprushamaanaasu vishayeshu veselah sampurnataya catholic-kshetre eva sthaayate. saha icchaayaah swaatantryam, kevalam vishvaasena naa apitu preme sakriyena vishvaasena nyaayyam, satkriyayaha gunapoornam swaroopam, shastrena paramparayaa cha nirmitam vishvaasasya shasanam, pope ityasya pradhanatam, "eksa opere operaato" iti samskaarasya prabhaavakaaritvam, purohitapratishtayaa paragamanam, pavitrasya ukerist ityasya yajnasya swaroopam, dhanya kanyayaha poojaam drudatayaa dhaarayati cha iti shikshayati. tasya dharmashaastrasy swaroopam bhavati chet saha sudharasya poorvagaamih iti naa manyate. saha charch-taha pruthak bhavitum kadaapi naa vichaarayat, saha catholic-mataat cha amriyata. swasya jeevanakaale saha kadaapi anveshanadvara karyartham naa gruheetah. parantu, shanmashataabdyaam tasya lekhanani teshaam doshanam karanat nishidhagrantheshu suchakanke sthaapitaah. friedrich lachart

catholica kalaikkalanjchiyam (1913)/john vessel coaspoort frietrich ludwick jacharias verner ignas heinrich vaan wessenberg  (cansford). pathinainthaam noottraandin duchu iraiyiyalaalar, 1420 aam aandil chroningenil piranthaar; october 4 aam thaethi angku iranthaar.1489. avar swolil kalvi payintraar mattrum podhu vaazhkkaiyin cakoothararkalin karuththarangkil vaalnththaar. 1449 muthal avar colone palkalaikkazhagaththil padiththaar, angku kalaikalil muthukalaip pattam pettraar. heidelberg palkalaikkazhagaththil kalaip paeraasiriyaraaga thartkaaligamaaga irunthaar. 1458 aam aandin thodakkaththil avar baris sentraar, netherlaandhil irunthu irandu pugazhpettra aasiriyargalaith thoondi, pinnar paarisil virivurai nigazhththi, sambirathaayaththilirunthu yathaarththavaaththirku maara vaendum, adhai avar aarvaththudan aathariththaar. iruppinum, avar muraimaivaathaththirku maattrappattaar, pinnar peyaralavaathaththai aetrtrukkondaar, pinnar avar adhai pinpattrinaar. paarisil avar thangiyiruppathu anegamaaga 1473 varai neediththathu; peyaralavukku ethiraaga antha aandil luis xi veliyitta kattalai kaaranamaaga avar veliyaerinaar. pinnar avar 1474 aam aandil venesilum, velippadaiyaaga paechlilum sirithu neram kaliththaar, adhan piragu avar veedu thirumbinaar, amaithiyaaga kattralil thannai arppanitthaar. avar thanathu kadaisi aandugalin perumbaguthiyai pala madaalayangkalil maari maari kaliththaar. avar oru saathaarana manithanaaga irunththapoathilum, iraiyiyal kaelvigalil mukkiyamaaga aarvam kondirundhaar. avarathu ezhuththukkalil irunthu thernthedukkappatta "farrago rerum iraiyiyal", anegamaaga 1521 aam aandil swolil veliyidappattathu (1522 aam aandil whittenberkil marupathippu seiyappattathu, 1522 aam aandil paesil, idhu lutherine parattu munnuraiyaik kondullathu). tulasi pathippil vessalukkuch sellum mattrum varum pala kadidhangal irunththana. 1521 aam aandukkup piragu vessel swolil veliyittathu "dii sacramento eugaristiae edd audinda misa"; "dii ooraeshan edd moodoo orandi"; "dii cassis avathaaram". avarathu padaippugalin muzhumaiyaana pathippu 1614 aam aandil grancanil predestant poathakar albert hardenberkin vaazhkkai varalaattru ooviyaththudan veliyidappattathu. protestantugal podhuvaaga vessalai lutherine munnoadiyaaga karudhugindranar. farrago rerum iraiyiyal" endra muthal veliyeedu prodestantugalin padaippaagum, avarkal athil prodestantisaththirku aatharavaagath thoantriya saarugalin thoguppai vazhangkinar. naveena kaalangalil ulmenaal paraamarikkappadum inththa theerppu, oruthalaippatchamaanathu mattrum devalayaththin poathanaiyilirunthu wessellin maarupaadugalai migaippaduththukirathu. avarathu iraiyiyalil pidivaathamaana pizhaigal ullana, avattril sila pinnar lutherol karpikkappattana. devalayaththin karpiththal endra thavarattra padhavi mattrum poap mattrum ecumenical kavunchilkalin thavarattra thanmaiyai avar marukkiraar. bhaavaththin keezh pinaikappatta kattalaigalai vazhangkuvatharkaana thiruchchabai maelathikaarikalin urimaiyai avar marukkiraar. avar ottrumai mattrum vegujana thiyaagaththin ("oopas ooparaantis") palangalaip pagirnthu kolvathil visuvaasigalin aganilai seyalpaattai migavum valuvaaga valiyuruththukiraar, ithanaal sadangkin ("oopas ooparaattam") puranilai seyalpaadu paathikkappaduvathaakath therikirathu. thavam seiyum sadangkil avar aasaariyargalin viduthalaiyai oppukkolkiraar, aanaal adhan neethiththurai thanmaiyai marukkiraar. avar punithach sadangkin oru paguthiyaaga thirupthiyai niraagarikkiraar, paavangkalai mannikkumpoathu thartkaalika thandanaiyum neekkappadukirathu endru karudhugiraar. avar oru eedupaattai verum niyamana thandanaigal mattrum kandanangalilirundhu velippura viduthalai endru karudhugiraar; avarathu karuththuppadi, thooimaippaduththuthal inththa ulagil thartkaaligamaaga neekkappadum paavangkalai thandikka udhavaathu, aanaal athigappadiyaana aasaikalilirunthum, paavangkalilirunthum aanmaavai thooimaippaduththa mattumae uthavukirathu. iruppinum, seerthiruththavaathigalin adippadai koatpaadugalaith thodum pulligalil, vessel muttrilum catholica adippadaiyil nirkirathu. avar viruppaththin suthanthiraththai karpikiraar, visuvaasaththaal mattumalla, anbil surusuruppaaga irukkum visuvaasaththin moolam niyaayappaduththappadugiraar, nalla seyalkalin thaguthiyaana thanmai; vaethangkal mattrum bhaarambariyaththaal uruvaakkappatta visuvaasaththin vidhi; poappin muthanmai, sadangugalin seyalthiran "ex ooparae ooparaadoa", aasaariya prathishtaiyin moolam parimaattruthal, punitha narkarunai vazhangkubavarin thiyaaga thanmai mattrum aaseervathikkappatta kannigaiyin vanakkatthai uruthiyaagap pidiththuk kolgiradhu. avarathu iraiyiyalin thanmai iruppathaal, avar seerthiruththaththin munnoadiyaaga karudhappada mudiyaathu. devalayaththilirunthu pirinthu selvathu pattri avar orupoathum ninaiththathillai, avar oru kaththoalikkaraaga iranthaar. avarathu vaazhnaalil avar orupoathum visaaranaikku udpaduthappadavillai. iruppinum, pathinaaraam noottraandil avarathu ezhuththukkal avattrin pizhaigal kaaranamaaga thadaiseiyappatta puththagangkalin kuriyeettil vaikappattana. frietrich lachard

catholic encyclopedia (1913)/zaan vessel gosport fredrich ludwig jacharias verner ignaz heinrich vaan wessenberg  (gunsfort). 1420loe greeningenlo janminchina padihenava sataabdapu dutch vedanti; aktobaru 4naa akkade maraninchaadu.1489loe, athanu jwol loe chaduvukunnadu mariyu saadhaarana jeevitamlooni sodarula seminarylo nivasinchaadu. 1449 nundi athanu colone vishwavidhyaalayamlo chaduvukunnadu mariyu akkada master off arts pattabhadrudayyaadu. 1456-7 loe athanu heidelberg vishwavidhyaalayamlo kalala taatkaalika professorga panicheesaadu. 1458 praarambhamlo athanu paris vellaadu, netherlands nundi iddaru pramukha upaadhyaayulanu prerepinchaalane uddesyamto, taruvaata paarislo upanyaasaalu istuu, lanchanaprayamga nundi vaastavikataku maaradaaniki, athanu utsaahamgaa vaadinchaadu. ayithe, ayana swayamgaa lanchanaprayamga maararu, aapai namavachakanni sweekarinchaaru, aaa tarvaata daaniki kattubadi unnaaru. paarislo ayana basa bahusha 1473 varaku konasaagindi; naamavaachakatvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa aaa samvatsaramlo luis XI jaarii chesina saasanam kaaranamgaa ayana bahusha vellipoyaadu. aaa taruvaata athanu 1474loe venis vadda kontha samayam gadipadu, mariyu spashtamgaa basley vadda gadipadu, aaa taruvaata athanu intiki tirigi vacchi neerchukoevadamloo nissabdamgaa tananu taanu ankitam chesukunnadu. athanu thana chivari samvatsaraallo ekkuva bhaganni aneka mathaalalo pratyamnaayamgaa gadipadu. athanu samanyudiga unnappatikee, athanu pradhanamgaa vedaanta prasnalapai aasakti kaligi unnadu. athani rachanala nundi empika chesina "farrago reram theologicarum" bahusha 1521loe jwol loe vidudala cheyabadindi (whittenberg, 1522loe punarmudrana, mariyu basil, 1522loe, eee rendodi luther yokka prasamsaatmaka mundumaatanu kaligi undhi). basil editionloo vesselku mariyu nundi vacchina aneka aksharalu unnaayi. 1521 taruvaata koddikaalaanike vessel jwol vadda prachurinchabadindih "dii sacramento eucharistiae ett audianda missa"; "dii oration ett modo oraandi"; "dii cassis avataaram". protestant bodhakudu albert hardenberg jeevita charitraatmaka rekhaachitramtho athani rachanala puurti edition 1614loe greeningenlo kanipinchindi. protestantlu saadhaaranamgaa vesselnu luther purvagaamigaa bhaavistaaru. farrago reram theologicarum" yokka modati prachurana protestantla rachana, vaaru andulo protestantisanku anukuulamgaa kanipinche saaraala sekarananu samarpinchaaru. aadhunika kaalamlo ulman nirvahinchina eee teerpu ekapakshamainadi mariyu charchi bodhana nundi vessel yokka vichalnalanu atisayokti chestundi. nijame, athani vedaantasaastramlo pidivaada lopaalu unnaayi, vaatilo konni taruvaata luther bodhinchaaru. charchi bodhana yokka khachitamaina padavini, pope mariyu ecumenical councils yokka khachitatvanni ayana khandinchaaru. paapaaniki kattubadi unde aagnalu ichhe mataparamaina unnataadhikaarula hakkunu ayana vivaadam chestaadu. athanu communion yokka falaalanu mariyu maas ("opas operantis") tyaagam yokka vishwaasula aatmaasraya karyakalapalanu chaalaa balamgaa nokki chebutaaru, tadwara matakarma ("opas operatum") yokka lakshya pani balaheenamgaa unnatlu anipistundi. tapassu matakarmalo athanu poojaari nundi vimuktini angeekaristaadu, conny daani nyaayaparamaina swabhaavaanni khandistaadu. athanu matakarmalo bhaagamgaa santruptini tiraskaristaadu, papala upasamanamtho paatu taatkaalika siksha kooda chellinchabadutundani paerkontaadu. athanu bhogaanni praamaanika sikshalu mariyu khandanala nundi kevalam bahya vidudalagaa bhaavistaadu; athani abhiprayam prakaram, suddheekarana eee prapanchamlo tatkalikamga kshaminchabadina paapaalanu sikshinchadaaniki upayogapadadu, conny aatmalanu mitimeerina korikala nundi mariyu papala nundi suddhi cheyadaaniki matrame upayogapadutundi. ayinappatikee samskartala praathamika siddhaantaalanu taakina amsaalalo, vessel puurtigaa catholic praatipadikana nilustundi. athanu sankalpa swechhanu bodhistaadu, vishwaasam dwara matrame kakunda premalo churukuga unna vishwaasam dwara, manchi panula yokka viluvaina swabhaavam dwara, grandhaalu mariyu sampradaayam dwara erpadina vishwaasam yokka paalana; athanu pope yokka praamukhyatanu, matakarmala "ex opere operato" yokka saamarthyaanni, poojaari pratishtha dwara transbustantiation, pavitra eucharist yokka tyaagam paatranu mariyu aasiirvadimchabadina kanya yokka aaraadhanaku gattiga pattukuntaadu. ayana vedaantasaastram yokka swabhaavam unnanduna, aayananu samskaranaku purvagaamigaa pariganinchalemu. athanu charchi nundi vidipovalani eppuduu anukoledu mariyu athanu kathalikga maraninchaadu. thana jeevitakaalamlo vichaarana dwara atanni ennadoo sikshinchaledu. ayithe, padahaarava sataabdamloo ayana rachanalu vaati lopaala kaaranamgaa nishedhinchabadina pustakaala soochikalo unchabaddaayi. friedrich latchert

catholic encyclopaedia (1913)/jaan vesal gosport frederk ladweg zachariyas werner agneez henrache waan vesan burg  (gainzfort). pandrahwen sadee kay dich aalim deen juu 1420 mein grengan mein paida hoay vovo 4 aktobar kuu wahein inteqal kirr gayey.yee 1489. inhon nay zoolay mein taleem haasil kii aur aam zindagi kay bhayiyon kay madarse mein rehtay thay. 1449 say inhon nay coloon university mein taleem haasil kii aur wahaan maaster aaf arts kii graduation kii. 1456-7 mein wah headleberg university mein arts kay aarizi professor thay. 1458 kay aaghaz mein wah peers gayaa netherlands kay duu mashhur asatazah kuu raghib karnay kay araday say phir peers mein lecture deetay huay rasm parasti say haqeeqat pasandi mein tabdil honay kay liyay jiss kii iss nay josh woo kharoosh say wakalat kii. tahim wah khood rasmi toor parr tabdil how gayey aur phir naam nahaad kuu apnaya jiss parr baad mein inhon nay amal kiyaa. peers mein iss kaa qayaam ghaliba 1473 takk jaari rehaa. iss nay iss saal lois zee kay zariye baraye naam kay khalaaf jaari kardah farmaan kii wajah say behat amkaan chhod diyaa. iss kay baad iss nay 1474 mein kachh waqat wens mein aur bazahir besal mein guzara jiss kay baad wah gahar waps aayaa aur khood kuu seekhnay kay liye waqaf kirr diyaa. iss nay apnay aakhri saalon kaa ziyadah tarr hasah baari baari kayee khanqahon mein guzara. agarcha wah eek aam aadmi rahay leakin wah bunyadi toor parr mazhabi sawalat mein dilchaspi rakhtay thay. inn kii tehreeron mein say eek intekhaab "ferago rerum theologicrum"yee shayed 1521 mein zoolay mein jaari kiyaa gayaa thaa (watenberg 1522 mein dobarah print kiyaa gayaa aur besli 1522yee yaha moakhar alzikar lothar kii tareef parr mushtamil hay). besal edition mein vesal kuu aaney aur aaney waalay kayee khatut shaamil thay. 1521 kay foraa baad vesal nay zoolay mein shaye kiyaa: "ddee secramento ukristia aett audenda masaa" vovo "ddee auration aett modo aurandi" vovo "ddee kaasees autaar". inn kay kaamon kaa eek makmal edition 1614 mein grengan mein shaye hawaa jiss mein protestant mubligh albert harden burg kaa sawanhi khaakah thaa. protestant aam toor parr vesal kuu lothar kaa paish khaimah samajhte haine. ferago rerum theologicrum" kii pehli ashaat protestant kaa kaam thaa jinhon nay iss mein nikaat kaa eek majmuah paish kiyaa juu bazahir protestant azm kay haqh mein thaa. yaha faislah jasay jadeed door mein alman nay barqarar rakhaa hay yakk tarfah hay aur charch kii taleem say vesal kay inharaf kuu badhaa chadhaa kirr paish kartaa hay. iss kii alhiyaat mein kadee ghaltiyan haine jinn mein say kachh baad mein lothar nay sikhayein. wah charch kii taleem kay bay eib ahday aur pope aur accomenical konsalon kii bay eib honay kii tardid kartaa hay. wah mazhabi aalee afsaran kay aisey hakam deenay kay haqh say ikhtelaaf kartaa hay juu gunah kay tahat paband hotay haine. wah aimaan kay phal aur awaam kii qurbani ("opes operates") kay ashtaraak mein wafadar kii sapekish srgarmi parr behat zoor deeta hay taakah muqadas ("opes operatum") kaa maruzi kaam karnaa kamzor nazar aayey. tapsiya kii rasumaat mein wah pajaari maafi kuu tasleem kartaa hay leakin iss kay adalati kirdaar say ankaar kartaa hay. wah rasumaat kay eek hasay kay toor parr atminan kuu mustarid kartaa hay yaha farz kartay hoay kahh gunahon kii maafi kay saath aarizi sazaa bhee maaf kii jaati hay. wah eek mahsumiyat kuu mahaz mustand sazaon aur mazmaton say beruni rehayi kay toor parr dekhta hay. iss kii raaye mein paak karnay kaa kaam iss duniya mein mayinah madat kay liye kiye gayey gunah kuu sazaa deena nahein hay balkah sarf rohon kuu hadd say ziyadah khwahishaat aur sharmanak gunah say paak karnaa hay. phir bhee inn nikaat mein juu aslaah kaaron kay bunyadi aqayed kuu chhotay haine vesal makmal toor parr catholic bunyaad parr khadaa hay. wah marzi kii aazadi sikhata hay sarf aimaan say nahein balkah mohabat mein srgarm aqeede say neek kaamon kay qaabil qadr kirdaar kii wajah say aqeede kii hukmarani jaisa kahh saheefon aur rawayat say tashkil payee hay. wah pope kii baladasti rasumaat "saabiq opeer operato" kii afadiyat paadriyon kii taqdis kay zariye muntaqli muqadas ukrist kay qurbani kay kirdaar kuu tasleem kartaa hay aur mubarik kunwari kii poja parr mazbuti say qayem rehta hay. iss kay alhiyaat kaa kirdaar honay kii wajah say asay aslaah kaa paish khaimah nahein samjha jaa saktaa. iss nay kabhi charch say alg honay kay baaray mein nahein socha aur wah eek catholic kay toor parr marr gayaa. apnee zindagi kay doraan inquiree kay zariye inhein kabhi bhee zamah daar nahein thehraya gayaa. tahim solahvein sadee mein inn kii tehreeron kuu inn kii ghaltiyon kii wajah say mamnuah kitaabon kay asharia mein rakhaa gayaa. frederk lachart

fffca971fb08fc63b42ff728ac632107955728e35a6674f3daae555880902389

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27929945

Oak Hill (Linlithgo, New York)

Oak Hill (Linlithgo, New York) Historic house in New York, United States Oak Hill is a historic estate located at Linlithgo in Columbia County, New York. History. Oak Hill was built in 1793 by John Livingston, the twelfth of thirteen children born to Robert Livingston, third lord of Livingston Manor, and his wife Maria Thong (1711–1765), the granddaughter of Governor Rip Van Dam. John Livingston was born February 21, 1750, in New York. His father expected his sons to take their place as his business agents and, like his older brothers, John was educated accordingly. He engaged in land speculation on both sides of the Hudson. In 1788, he served as aide-de-camp to Brigadier General George Clinton. In his will, Robert Livingston, who died in 1790, devised his land lying east of the Post Road to four of his sons, Walter, Robert C., Henry, and John, each receiving about 28,000 acres; each received also a part of the domain to the west of that road. Originally the land was covered with timber, principally pine and oak. John settled a little south of Johnstown, now known as Livingston, which was named after him, and there built the house afterwards occupied by Philip L. Hoffman, grandfather of the late Governor Hoffman; later it was the home of John's younger brother Hendrick "Henry" (1752–1823). After John sold that property to Mr. Hoffman he moved to Oak Hill. In 1787, John Livingston served as supervisor of the Town of Livingston. John Livingston married Maria Ann Leroy, daughter of Jacob Leroy and Cornelia Rutgers. His second wife was his first cousin, Catherine (Livingston) Ridley, the daughter of his uncle William Livingston, and the widow of Matthew Ridley. The wedding took place in November 1796 at Government House (New York City), the then residence of Governor John Jay, who was married to Catherine's elder sister Sarah. Livingston died at his Oak Hill estate at the age of seventy-two on October 24, 1822, and is buried in the Linlithgo Reformed Church Cemetery. The home remains in the Livingston family and is used as a wedding venue. Description. John Livingston chose the northwest corner of Livingston Manor as the site for his house, and chose the location after climbing an Oak tree to witness the stunning views. It is a <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />2+1⁄2-story, brick rectangular block with a smooth surface in the Federal style. Late-19th-century additions and alterations include the mansard roof and cornice, front porch, and kitchen wing. Also on the property are a carriage house (c. 1900), garage (c. 1924), two former equipment storage buildings (c. 1900), corncrib (c. 1900), and a small residence / carpentry shop (c. 1800). Also on the estate are a Colonial Revival style gatehouse (1900), the Caperus Cole house (1778) with later Greek Revival style details, a barn (1801), the Robert Evans house (c. 1890), Studley house (1780), and Gavigan house (c. 1890). It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

uk paahar (linlithogu, nework) uk hill hoise neworkor kolombiya countyr linlithgut owosthito ek oitihaxik xompoti. itihax. 1793 sonot livingston menoror tritiyo lord robert livingston aaru gowornor rip bhen demor natini teur potni maria thong (1711-1765) ror poraa jonmo huwa terta xontanor dwadox john leavingstone uk paahar nirman korisil. john livingstonor jonmo hoisil 1750 sonor 21 februaryt niuyorkot. teur deutake teur putroxokole teur byowoxayik agent hisape teulukor sthan lo 'bob buli aaxa korisil aaru teur dangor bhatrixokolor dore jonou xei onuxori xikhyito hoisil. teu hudsonor duyufale bhumir onumanot lipto hoisil. 1788 sonot teu brigediyar general jorjo clintonor xohojugi-di-kemp hisape karzonirbah korisil. 1790 sonot mrityu huwa robert leavingstone teur issat teur sarijon putro walter, robert chi-ror baabe post rudor pubo dixot thoka nijor bhumir aarhi prostut korisil.heniri aaru john, protyekei pray 28,000 ekor laabh korisil; protyekei xei pothor poschim dixot thoka domainor etaa ongxou laabh korisil. mulotoh matikhon kathore abrito aasil, mukhyotoh paain aaru uk. john jonostaunor olop dokhyine boxoti sthapon korisil, ji etiya livingston naamere jonajat, jitu teur naamere naamkoron koraa hoisil, aaru taat pisot phillip el-e dokhol koraa ghortu nirman korisil. hoh 'fomen, proyat gowornor hoh' fomenor kokadeu; pisoloi ee jonor xoru bhatri hendrik "henori" (1752-1823) ror ghor aasil. john xei xompottikhon mii. shree.-koo bikri korar pisot. hofman teu uk paharoloi guchi goisil. 1787 sonot john leavingstone livingston sohoror totwawodhayok hisape karzonirbah korisil. john leavingstone jacob leroy aaru cornelia ratgarsor konya maria eno leroyor xoite bibahpaxot aabodho hoisil. teur dwitiyo potni aasil teur prothom khurak-bhoniyek, ketherin (livingston) ridley, teur khurak uilium livingstonor konya, aaru methyu ridlir bidhowa. 1796 sonor novembor maahot ketherinor dangor bhoniyek sarahor xoite bibahpaxot aabodho huwa tetiyar gowornor john jer baxosthan sorkari ghorot (nework sohor) ei bibah onusthito hoisil. livingstonor 1822 sonor 24 octoborot baisattor bosor boyoxot teur uk pahariya estetot mrityu hoy aaru teuk linlithogu xongskoron girjar koborsthanot xomadhistho koraa hoy. ghortu livingston poriyalot thaake aaru iyak bibahor sthan hisape byobohar koraa hoy. bornona. john leavingstone livingston menoror uttor-poschim kuntu teur ghoror sthan hisape basoni korisil, aaru aakorxoniyo drishyoxomuh saboloi uk goch ekhonot aaruhon korar pisot sthantu basoni korisil. ee ekhon-moholiya, itaar ayotkhetrakar khondo zo 'too federal xoilit moxrin pristho aase. 19 xotikar xexor faale xongzujon aaru poribortonxomuhor bhitorot aase manchardor saad aaru cornix, xonmukhor purch, aaru pakghoror wing. xompotitut ekhon garir ghoru aase (go. 1900), gerez (c. 1924), dutaa purbor xojuli xongrokhyon bhowon (anumanik. 1900), kornokraibo (chi. 1900), aaru etaa xoru baxosthan/kathomistrir dukan (anumanik. 1800). logote ei xompotitut etaa ouponibexik punorujjibito xoilir gatehouse (1900), poroborti greek punorujjibito xoilir biboronor xoite kepras kul house (1778), etaa xosyagar (1801), robert evance house (anumanik) aase. 1890), studly house (1780), aaru gavigan house (anumanik. 1890). 1979 sonot iyak oitihaxik sthanxomuhor rastriyo ponjiyonot jug diya hoisil.

oka hill (linlithgo, neu eork) oka hill neu iyarker kalambia kauntir linlithgote abosthito ekti oitihasik esteta. itihas. 1793 saale john livingston, livingston manorer tritiya lord robbert livingston ebong governor ripa vyana dyamer natni taanr stree maria thong (1711-1765)-err jonmo neoa tero santaner modhye dwadosh john livingston dwara oka pahad nirmito hoyechilo. john livingston 1750 saaler 21shhey february neu iyarke jonmogrohon corren. taanr baba aasha korechilen jey taanr chhelera taanr byabasayik protinidhi hisabe taader jaiga nebe ebong taanr borh bhaider moto jono seii anujayi shikkhito hoyechilen. tini hudsoner ubhoy pokkher jommy niye anuman korechilen. 1788 saale tini brigadier general george cleantoner sahokari-dii-camp hisabe dayitto palon corren. 1790 khristabde maaraa yawa robbert livingston taanr ichchapotre taanr chaar putro walter shee robarter kachhe poosta roader purbe abosthito taanr jommy toiri korechilen.henry ebong john, protteke pray 28,000 ekor jommy peyechilo; protteke seii rastar poschime domener ekti ongshou peyechilo. mulat jomiti kaatth diye abrito chhilo, prodhanoto pine ebong oka. john johnstowner ektu dakkhine bosoti sthapon korechilen, jaa ekhon livingston naame porichito, jaa taanr naame namkaran koraa hoyechilo ebong sekhane porey phillip ell dwara adhikrito baditi toiri korechilen. hoffman, prayat governor hoffmaner pitamaha; porey etty joner chhoto bhai hendrick "henry" (1752-1823)-err baadi chhilo. john seii sampattiti mih err kachhe bikri korey deoar porr. hoffman oka pahade choley zaan. 1787 saale john livingston livingston shohorer tottabodhayok hisabe dayitto palon corren. john livingston jacob leroy ebong cornelia rutgerser konna maria ayana leroyke biye corren. taanr dwitiya stree chhilen taanr prothom chachat bhai cathryn (livingston) ridley, taanr caca uilium livingstoner konna ebong matheau ridleyr bidhoba stree. 1796 saaler novembore sarkari barite (neu eork city) biyeti onusthito hoy, jaa tatkalin governor john jeey-err basbhobon chhilo, jini cathryn-err borh boone sarake biye korechilen. livingston 1822 saaler 24shhey octobor taanr oka hill estate 72 bochor boyse maaraa zaan ebong linlithgo sangoskarkrito girjar koborsthane taanke somahito koraa hoy. baditi livingston poribare roye geche ebong etty ekti bibaher sthan hisabe byabohrito hoy. bornona. john livingston livingston manorer uttor-poschim konotike taanr baadir jaiga hisabe beche niyechilen ebong atyashcharya drishya dekhar jonno ekti oka gache othar porey abosthanti beche niyechilen. etty ekti-tolaa, iter ayatkhetrakar block jaar federal shoilite mosrino pristho royeche. 19 shotoker shesher dike sanjojan ebong poribortoner modhye royeche mansard chhaad ebong cornis, samoner baranda ebong rannaghar wing. sampattir upor ekti gaadi ghoro royeche (shee. 1900), garrage (shee. 1924), duti praktan saranjam sanrakkhan bhobon (shee. 1900), corncribe (shee. 1900), ebong ekti chhoto basosthan/chhutorer dokan (shee. 1800). echhadao estatite ekti ouponibeshik punarujjiban shailir gatehouse (1900), caperas cole house (1778) ebong poroborti greek punarujjiban shailir biboron, ekti shasyagar (1801), robbert evance house (anumanik) royeche. 1890), studley house (1780), ebong gavigan house (anumanik. 1890). 1979 saale etty oitihasik sthangulir jatiya registere jukto koraa hoy.

oak hill (linlithgo, newyork) oak tekri aee kolambiya kaauntii, newyorkma linlithgo khaate stheet aek aitihasik estate chhe. itihas. oak tekarinu nirmaan nirmaan john livingston dwara karvaamaa aavyu hatoo, jeey livingston menornaa trija swami roobert livingston aneey governor ripa vaan demnee pautri temnee patnee maria thong (1711-1765) naa janmela tera balakomathi baarmaa hataa. john livingstonno janm 21 februari, februari roj newyorkma thayo hato. temnaa pitaa temnaa putro temnaa vyavsayik agento tareeke temnu sthaan leshe tevee apeksha raakhtaa hataa aneey temnaa motaa bhaioni jaim john pann teey mujab shikshit hataa. teo hudsonni banne baaju jameenni atkalomaa rokaayela hataa. hataa, temane brigadier general george clinton maate sahayak-dha-camp tareeke sevaa aapee hatee. hatee mrutyu pamela roobert livingstne potaani vasiyatma temnaa chaar putro, voltara, roobert see. maate poosta roadnee purvamaa aaveli temnee jameen taiyar curry hatee.henry aneey john, darekne lagbhag 28,000 aekar jameen maley chhe; darekne teey rastaani pashchimma aavela kshetrano aek bhaag pann malyo hato. mool jameen mukhyatve pine aneey oknaa lakadaathi dhankayeli hatee. john johnstownni thodee dakshine sthaayi thayo, jeey havey livingston tareeke odakhaay chhe, jenu naam temnaa naam parthee rakhvama aavyu hatoo, aneey tyaan phillip aela dwara kabaje karaayel ghar bandhvama aavyu hatoo. hofman, divangat governor hofmanna daadaa; pachhithi teey johnna naana bhaai handrick "henry" (1752-1823) noon ghar hatoo. johne teey meelkat shrine vechee deedhi. hofman teey oak tekri parr chaalyo gayo. gayo, john livingstne livingston nagarnaa supervisor tareeke sevaa aapee hatee. john livingstne jacob leroy aneey cornelia rutgersnee putri maria aena leroy saathe lagna karyaa hataa. temnee beejee patnee temnee pratham pitarai, katherine (livingston) ridley, temnaa kaaka veeliyam livingstonni putri aneey methyu ridleyni vidhavaa hatee. lagna november november sarkari makaan (newyork shaher) khaate thayaa hataa, jeey governor john jenu teey samaynu nivassthan hatoo, jemane kethareenni motee bahen sarah saathe lagna karyaa hataa. livingston 24 october, october roj sitter varshnee ummare temnee oak hill estatemaa mrutyu pamya hataa aneey linlithgo sudharela church kabrastaanmaa dafnavvama aavyaa hataa. aaa ghar livingston parivaarmaa rahe chhe aneey teno upyog lagnana sthal tareeke thaay chhe. varnan. john livingstne livingston menornaa uttarpashchim khoonane tenaa gharnee jagya tareeke pasand karyo aneey adbhoot drashyo jovaa maate oak vruksh parr chadyaa pachhi sthaan pasand karyoo. teey sangheey shailima saral sapaati saathe aek-maalno, intano lambachoras bloqa chhe. chhe sadeena antamaa vadhaara aneey ferfaaromaa mansard chhat aneey cornis, aagalno mandap aneey rasodana paankhno samaavesh thaay chhe. meelkat parr aek vaahan ghar pann chhe (see. 1900), gerej (see. 1924), beey bhutpurv sadhansamagri sangrah imaarato (see. 1900), corncribe (see. 1900), aneey aek naanu rahethaan/suthaarnee dukan (see. 1800). estate parr vasaahati punrutthaan shaileenu praveshdwaar (1900), caparus qola house (1778) paachhalthi grick punrutthaan shaileeni vigato saathe, aek kothaar (1801), roobert evance house (c. 1890), studdly house (1780), aneey gavigan house (c. 1890). tene tene aitihasik sthaloni raashtriy nondhanimaa umervaamaa aavyu hatoo.

oak hill (linlithgo, newyork) oak hill newyork key kolambiya county mein linlithgo mein sthit ack aitihaasik estate haye. itihas. oak pahaadi kaa nirmaan 1793 mein johnn livingston dwara kiya gayaa thaa, joe livingston jagir key teesare swami robbert livingston aur unaki patni maria thong (1711-1765), governor rip vaine daim kii poti key terah bachchon mein seey baarahaven they. johnn livingston kaa janm 21 farwari, 1750 koo newyork mein huaa thaa. unake pitaa koo ummeed thee kii unake bete unake vyaparik agents key roop mein unaki jagah lenge aur unake badey bhaaiyon kii tarah, johnn koo bhee usee key anusaar shikshit kiya gayaa thaa. vaha hudson key donon taraf bhoomi kii atkalon mein lagaa huaa thaa. 1788 mein, unhone brigadier general george clinton key sahayak-dee-camp key roop mein kaary kiya. apani vaseeyat mein, robbert livingston, jinaki 1790 mein mrityu hoe gaee, ney apane chaar beton, walter, robbert see key liye post road key poorv mein sthit apani bhoomi taiyar kii.heinry aur johnn, pratyek koo lagbhag 28,000 ekad jameen milati haye; pratyek koo usa sadak key paschim mein kshetra kaa ack hissa bhee milata haye. mool roop seey bhoomi lakadi seey dhaki hui thee, mukhya roop seey cheed aur oak. johnn johnstowne key dakshin mein buss gaye, jise abb livingston key naam seey jaanaa jaataa haye, jiska naam unake naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa, aur vahaan baad mein phillip ell dwara kabja kiye gaye ghar kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa. hoffman, divangat governor hoffman key daadaa; baad mein yeh johnn key chhote bhaai hendrick "heinry" (1752-1823) kaa ghar thaa. johnn ney usa sampatti koo shree koo betch diyaa. hoffman vaha oak pahaadi parr chaley gaye. 1787 mein, johnn livingston ney livingston shahar key paryavekshak key roop mein kaary kiya. johnn livingston ney jacob leroy aur cornelia rutgers kii betty maria aine leroy seey shaadi kii. unaki doosari patni unaki pahali chacheri bahan, catherine (livingston) ridley, unake chaacha villium livingston kii betty aur maithyu ridley kii vidhwa theen. shaadi navambar 1796 mein sarkari ghar (newyork shahar) mein hui, joe governor johnn jey kaa tatkalin nivaas thaa, jiska vivaah catherine kii badee bahan saaraa seey huaa thaa. livingston kii mrityu 24 octuber, 1822 koo bayattar varsh kii ayu mein apani oak pahaadi sampatti mein hui aur unhein linlithgo sudhaar church kabristan mein dafnaya gayaa. ghar livingston parivaar mein rahata haye aur iska upayog shaadi key sthaan key roop mein kiya jaataa haye. varnan. johnn livingston ney apane ghar key liye sthal key roop mein livingston jagir key uttar-paschimi koney koo chunaa, aur aashcharyajanak drishyon koo dekhane key liye ack oak key pedh parr chadhane key baad sthaan kaa chayan kiya. yeh ack manjila, eent kaa aaytaakaar khand haye jisaki satah sanghiya shally mein chikani haye. 19veen shatabdi key anta mein kiye gaye parivardhanon aur parivartanon mein mansard kii chhat aur cornis, saamane kaa baramda aur rasoi kaa pankh shamil hain. sampatti parr ack gaadi ghar bhee haye (see. 1900), garrage (see. 1924), dou poorv upkaran bhandaran bhawan (see. 1900), corncribe (see. 1900), aur ack chhota saa nivaas/badhaigiri kii dukaan (see. 1800). iss estate mein ack aupaniveshik punruddhar shally kaa gatehouse (1900), caparus cole house (1778) baad mein yunani punruddhar shally key vivaran key saath, ack godam (1801), robbert evance house (see. 1890), studdly house (1780), aur gavigan house (see. 1890). ise 1979 mein aitihaasik sthaanon key rashtriya register mein jodaa gayaa thaa.

ok betta (linlitgo, newyork) ok bettavu newyorkna columbia kountiya linlitgodalliruva ondu aitihaasika estate aagide. itihaasa. ok bettavannu 1793ralli zaan livingston nirmisidanu, livingston mainern moorane wadeya robbert livingston mattu governor rip wyaan damna mommagalu avana patni maria thong (1711-1765) avarige janisida hadimuru makkalalli hanneradaneyavanu. zaan livingston avaru phebravari 21,1750 randu newyorknalli janisidaru. avana tande tanna makkalu tanna vyapara agentgalagi tamma sthaanavannu tegedukollabekendu nirikshisidanu mattu avana hiriya sahodararante, zaan adakke anugunavagi sikshana padedanu. avaru hudson eradoo badigalli bhoo uhapohagalalli todagiddaru. 1788ralli, avaru brigadier general georg clinton avarige sahayaka-dii-camp aagi seve sallisidaru. 1790ralli marana hondida robbert livingston, tanna uyilinalli, tanna naalku putraraada walter, robbert sii. ge post rodna purvakke tanna bhoomiyannu roopisidanu.henry mattu zaan, ibbaroo sumaru 28,000 ekare bhoomiyannu padeyuttiddaru; pratiyondoo aaa rasteya paschimakke domane ondu bhagavannu saha padeyuttittu. moolatah ee bhumiyu mukhyavaagi paine mattu ok maragalinda aavrutavaagittu. zaan, eega livingston endu kareyalpaduva johnstowne swalpa dakshinadalli nelesidaru, adannu avara hesaridalaayitu, mattu allie phillip ell avaru nantara maneyannu nirmisidaru. diwangata governor hafmann ajja hafman; nantara idu jaanna kiriya sahodara hendrick "henry" (1752-1823) avara maneyagittu. zaan aaa aastiyannu shree. hafman avaru ok bettakke sthalaantaragondaru. 1787ralli, zaan livingston livingston pattanada melvichaarakaraagi seve sallisidaru. zaan livingston avaru jacob leroy mattu carnelia rutgers avara putri maria aun leroy avarannu vivaahavaadaru. avana eradane hendatiyu avana modala sodarasambandhi, catherine (livingston) ridley, avana chikkappa vilium livingstone magalu mattu mathue ridley vidhave. catherine avara akka saaraalannu vivaahavaada andina governor zaan jay avara nivaasavaada sarkari maneyalli (newyork nagara) 1796rahra novembernalli maduve nadeyitu. livingston tanna eppatteradu varshada vayassinalli 1822rahra october 24randu ok bettada estatenalli nidhanaraadaru mattu linlitgo reformed church smashaanadalli samadhigondaru. ee maneyu livingston kutumbadalli ulidide mattu idannu maduveya sthalavagi balasalaaguttade. vivarane. zaan livingston livingston mainern vayuvya mooleyannu tanna maneya taanavaagi ayke maadikondanu mattu beragugolisuva notagalannu vikshisalu ok maravannu hattida nantara sthalavannu ayke maadidanu. idu samyukta shailiyalli nayavaada melmaiyannu hondiruva ondu-antastina, ittige aayataakaarada block aagide. 19neey shatamaanada koneyalli serpadegalu mattu badalaavanegalalli mansard chaavani mattu cornis, mumbhagada mukhamantapa mattu adugemane rekkegalu serive. aastiya mele ondu vaahanada maneyoo ide (sii. 1900), garrage (sii. 1924), eradu hindina salakaranegala shekharana kattadagalu (sii. 1900), corncribe (sii. 1900), mattu ondu sanna nivasa/badagi angadi (sii. 1800). vasaahatushaahi punarujjeevana sailiya gatehouse (1900), nantarada greek punarujjeevana sailiya vivaragalondige caperus cole house (1778), baarn (1801), robbert evance house (sii. 1890), studdly house (1780), mattu gavigan house (c. 1890). idannu 1979ralli aitihaasika sthalagala rashtriya nondanige serisalaayitu.

ookku hill (linlitgo, newyork) newyorkkile columbia kaundiyile linlitgoyil sthithi cheiyunna oru charitraparamaaya estettaanu ookku hill. charithram. livingstan menarinte moonnaamathe prabhuvaya roobert livingstaninum govarnor rip vaan daaminte kochumakal aaya bhaarya maria thonginum (1711-1765) janicha pathimoonnu makkalil panthrandaamatheyaalaaya joonn livingstan 1793laanu ookku hill nirmmichathu. joonn livingstan 1750 februvari 21 nuu newyorkkilaanu janichathu. thante makkal thante bisinus ejantumaaraayi maarumennu pithaav pratheekshikkukayum thante mootha sahodaranmaareppole john athinanusarichu vidyaabhyaasam nedukayum cheythu. hudsoninte iruvashathum addeham bhoomi oohaapohangalil earppettu. 1788ll addeham brigadier general jorjju klintante sahayiyaayi sevanamanushtichu. 1790ll maricha roobert livingstan thante vilppathrathil thante naalu puthranmaraaya walter sii. robertinu vendi poost roadinu kizhakkayi thante bhoomi roopappeduthi.henry, joonn ennivarkku ekadesham 28,000 ekkar veetham labhichu; oororutharkkum aaa roadinte padinjaaru bhaagathulla domaininte oru bhaagavum labhichu. pradhaanamaayum pine, ookku thudangiya thadikalaal moodappettathaayirunnu aadyam eee bhoomi. jonstauninu thekk alppam akale joonn thaamasichu, ippol livingstan ennariyappedunnu, athu addehathinte perilaanu ariyappettirunnath, avide pinneedu philipp ell. antharicha govarnor hofmante muthachanaaya hofmann; pinneedu ithu joninte ilaya sahodaran hendrick "henry" yude (1752-1823) veedaayirunnu. joonn aaa vasthu shree. joninu vittathin sesham. hofmann ookku kunnin mukalilekku thamasam maari. 1787ll joonn livingstan livingstan pattanatthinte supervisoraayi sevanamanushtichu. jacob leroiyudeyum cornelia ratjezhsinteyum makalaaya maria aan leroi joonn livingstan vivaham kazhichu. addehathinte randaamathe bhaarya addehathinte aadya cussin, catherine (livingstan) ridley, ammavan vilyam livingstaninte makal, maathyoo ridleyude vidhava ennivayaayirunnu. kaatharinte mootha sahodari saaraye vivaham kazhicha govarnor joonn jaiyude annathe vasathiyaya sarkkar hausil (newyork sitti) 1796 novemberilaanu vivaham nadannathu. 1822 october 24 nuu ezhupathirandaam vayassil livingstan thante ookku hill estettil vachu marikkukayum linlitgo reformed charchu semitheriyil samskarikkappedukayum cheythu. livingstan kudumbatthil avasheshikkunna eee veedu oru vivaha vediyaayi upayogikkunnu. vivaranam. joonn livingstan livingstan menarinte vadakkupadinjaaran moola thante veedinte sthalamaayi thiranjedukkukayum athisayakaramaaya kaazhchakalkk saakshyam vahikkaan oru ookku maram kayariya sesham aaa sthalam thiranjedukkukayum cheythu. federal shailiyil minusamarnna uparithalamulla oru-nila, ishtika chathuraakrithiyilulla blokkaanu ithu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil kootticherkkalukalilum maattangalilum mansard melkkoora cornis, munvashathe porchu, adukkala wing enniva ulppedunnu. eee vasthuvakayil oru vandivalappumundu (sii. 1900), garej (sii. 1924), rund muun upakarana sambharana kettidangal (c. 1900), corncrib (sii. 1900), oru cheria thaamasa/marappani kada (sii. 1800). colonial punarujjeevana shailiyilulla gettu house (1900), pilkkala greak punarujjeevana shailiyilulla vishadaamshangalulla caperes kooll house (1778), oru kalappura (1801), roobert evans house (c. 1890), stadli house (1780), gavigan house (c. 1890). 1979ll charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajisttaril ithu cherkkapettu.

oka hiill (linlithgo, newyork) oka hiill hii newyorkmadheel kolambiya countymadhil linlithgo yethe sthit eka aitihasik malmatta aahe. itihas. livingstone mannercha tisra swami robbert livingstone aanee governor riip vanne damchi natoo, tyachi patni maria thong (1711-1765) yanchya janmalelya tera mulanpaiki baravya johnn livingstone 1793 madhye oka tekadi bandhali hotee. johnn livingstone yancha janm 21 februwari 1750 roji newyork yethe jhaala. tyachya vadilanni tyachya mulanni tyachya vyavsayik pratinidhi mhanoon tyanchi jaaga ghyavi ashee apeksha kelee hotee aanee tyachya mothya bhavanpramanech johnny tyanusar shikshit jhaala hota. too hudsonchya donhi bajunni jaminichya andajat guntalela hota. 1788 madhye tyanni brigadier general george clinton yanche sahayyak mhanoon kaam kele. 1790 madhye maran pavalelya robbert livingstone aaplya ichchhenusar, poost rodchya poorves asaleli aapali jameen, tyache chaar putra, walter, robbert see. yanna tayar kelee.heinry aanee johnn, pratyekala sumare 28,000 ekar jameen milate; pratyekala tyaa rastyachya paschimekade asalelya kshetracha eka bhag dekhil midala. mulat hii jameen pramukhyane devdar aanee oka yaa lakadanni vyapaleli hotee. johnn johnstownchya thodya dakshines sthayik jhaala, jyala aata livingstone mhanoon olakhale jaate, jyala tyache naav denyat aale aanee tethe nantar phillip ell. yanni teey ghar bandhale. hofmann, divangat governor hofmanche aajoba; nantar teey johncha dhakata bhau hendrick "heinry" (1752-1823) chey ghar hote. johnne tee malmatta shree. yanna vikalyanantar. hoffman too oka tekadivar gela. 1787 madhye johnn livingstone yanni livingstone shaharache paryavekshak mhanoon kaam kele. johnn livingstone jacob leroy aanee cornelia rutgers yanchi mulgi maria aine leroishi vivah keela. tyachi dusari patni tyachi pahili chulat baheen, catherine (livingstone) ridley, tyache kaka william livingstone yanchi mulgi aanee mathyu ridlechi vidhva hotee. november 1796 madhye catherinechi mothee baheen saara hichyashi vivahabaddha jhalelya governor johnn jeey yanche tatkalin nivassthan asalelya sarkari nivassthani (newyork shahar) haah vivah jhaala. livingstone yanche vayachya bavisavya varshi vayachya oka hiill estatemadhye 24 aktoobar 1822 roji nidhan jhaale aanee tyanna linlithgo reform church smashanbhumit daphan karnyat aale. heey ghar livingstone kutumbat rahate aanee teey lagnache thikan mhanoon vaparale jaate. varnan. johnn livingstone livingstonchya havelicha vayavya kopra tyachya gharasathi jaaga mhanoon nivadala aanee aashcharyakarak drushye pahanyasathi okchya zadavar chadhalyanantar teey thikan nivadle. haah eka majali, vitancha aayatakruti khand aahe jyacha prushthbhag sanghiy shailit gulgulit aahe. aahe shatkachya uttaradhat kelelya jodani aanee badalanmadhye mansardche chhappar aanee aanee, samoril mandap aanee svayampakgharatil pankhancha samavesh aahe. malmattevar eka gadiche ghar dekhil aahe (qa. 1900), garrage (see. 1924), done purvichya upkarananchya sathavan imarati (ii. 1900), corncribe (see. 1900), aanee eka lahan nivas/sutarkam dukan (ii. 1800). vasahati punarujjivan shailiche praveshdwar (1900), nantarchya greek punarujjivan shailichya tapshilansah caparus cole haus (1778), eka kothar (1801), robbert evance haus (ii. 1890), studdly haus (1780) aanee gavigan haus (ii. 1890). 1979 madhye aitihasik sthalanchya rashtriy nondanimadhye tyacha samavesh karnyat aala.

ok hill (linlithgo, nyu york) ok hill columbia county, nyu yorkako linlithgoma awasthit euta aitihasik estate how. itihas. ok hill sann 1793 maa john livingstondwara nirman garieko thiyo, jo livingston menorka tesro swami robert livingston rar unaki patni maria thong (1711-1765), governer rip bhyan baandhaki natinibata janmieka tehra santanmadhye bahraun hun. john livingstonko janma february 21,1750 maa newyorkma bhaeko thiyo. unka bubale afna chhoraharule afna wyaparik agentharuko rupma afno sthan line apeksha gare rar unka jetha bhaiharu jastai john pani tadanusar shikshit thie. unle hadasanko duwai pakshama bhumi anumanma sanlagna thie. sann 1788 maa unle brigadier general george clintonko sahayak-da-campko rupma sewa gare. afno icchapatrama, robert livingston, jasko sann 1790 maa mrityu bhayo, unle afna chaar chhoraharu, walter, robert see-lai post rodko purvama raheko afno jaminko yojana banae.heinry rar john, pratyekle lagbhag 28,000 ekad prapta gare; pratyekle tyas sadakko paschimma domenko ek bhag pani prapta prapta. suruma jamin kathle dhakieko thiyo, mukhyataya pine rar ok. john jonstaunako alik dakshinma basobas gare, jaslai ahile livingston bhanera chininchha, june unko namama rakhieko thiyo, rar tyahan pachhi phillip elle kabja gareko ghar nirman gare. huffman, swargiya governer hafmanka hazurbuba; pachhi yo joneka kanchho bhai hendrick "heinry" (1752-1823) ko ghar thiyo. jonele tyo sampatti shrilai bechepachhi. huffman uni ok pahadma sare. sann 1787 maa john livingstonle livingston saharko paryawekshakko rupma sewa gare. john livingstonle jacob leroy rar carnelia ratjarsaki chhori maria enn leroyasanga vivaha gare. unaki dosro patni unaki pahilo chachera bhai, catherine (livingston) ridle, unka kaka william livingstonki chhori rar mathyu ridleki vidhava thiin. vivaha november 1796 maa sarkari ghar (newyork sahar) maa bhaeko thiyo, governer john jayako tatkalin niwas, jo catherineki jethi bahini sarasanga vivaha gareki thiin. livingstonko october 24,1822 maa sattari warshako umerma unko ok hill astatema mrityu bhayo, rar linlithgo sudhar church kabristanma gadiyo. ghar livingston pariwarma rahanchha rar vivaha sthalko rupma prayog garinchha. warnan. john livingstonle afno gharko lagi sthalko rupma livingston menorko uttarapashchim kuna roje rar ashcharyajanak drishyaharu hern okako rukhma chadhera sthan roje. yo sanghiya shailima chillo sataha bhaeko euta-tala, intako ayatakar khanda how. 19 aun shatabdiko uttarardhama thap rar pariwartanharuma manasardako chhat rar carnis, agadiko porch, rar bhansakothako wing samawesh chha. sampattima pani euta gadi ghar chha (gaga. 1900), gyarej (see. 1924), dui purva upkaran bhandaran bhawanharu (see. 1900), corncribe (see. 1900), rar euta sano niwas/buruj pasal (see. 1800). astatema aupaniweshik punarutthan shailiko gatehouse (1900), caparus cole house (1778) pachhi grick punarutthan shaili wiwaranharu, euta barne (1801), robert evance house (c. 1890), studly house (1780), rar gebhigan house (c. sann 1890). yasalai sann 1979 maa aitihasik sthanharuko rashtriya registerma thapieko thiyo.

oak pahad (linlithgo, nyujarka) oak hill heuchhi nyujarkara kalambia kauntira linalithagore abasthita eka aitihasika estate . itihas. livingston mainer rahr truteeja prabhu robert livingston ebong taanka patni, gabharnar rip bhaan dyam nka natuni, maria thong (1711-1765) nka dwara janmita terati pilanka madhyaru dwadasha, zohn libhingstannka dwara 1793 ray oak hill nirmana karajaithila. zohn livingston februari 21,1750 ray nyujarkare janmagrahana karithile. taanka pita aasha karuthile je taanka puamane taanka byabasajika agent bhabare semananka sthana nebe ebong taanka budd bhaimananka pari zohn sehi anujai sikhita hoithile. shay hudson rahr ubhaja parsware jami kalpanare nijojita hoithile . 1788 masihare shay brigediar general george klintananka sahajaka-dii-camp bhabe karjya karithile. 1790 masihare mrutyubarana karithiba robert livingastana taanka ichhapatrare taanka chaari pua walter, robert sii. nka paain post rodra purba digare thiba jami prastuta karithile.heinry ebong zohn, pratyeka praiah 28,000 ekara jami pauthile; pratyeka sehi rastara paschimare thiba domainer eka ansha madhya paithile. moolatah ehi jami kaath dwara aachadita thila, mukhyatah pine ebong oak. zohn johnstown rahr tike dakhinare basati sthapana karithile, jaahaa bartamana livingston bhabare janashuna, jaahaa taanka naamare namit hoithila, ebong sethare parey phillip ell nka dwara adhikruta ghara nirmana karithile . huffman, swargata gabharnar hafamyanka jejebapa; parey ehaa jannka saana bhai hendrik "henry" (1752-1823) nka ghara thila . zohn sehi sampattiku mea. huffman shay oak pahadaku chalijaithile. 1787 masihare zohn livingston livingston saharar supervisor bhabe karjya karithile. zohn livingston jacob lerai ebong karnilia ratgarsanka jhia maria aann lerajanku bibaha karithile. tankara dwiteeja patni thile tankara pratham samparkeeah, catherine (libhingstana) ridley, taanka maamun william livingstananka jhia ebong myathiu ridalinka bidhaba patni. kyatrinka budd bhaunee saranku bibaha karithiba tatkaleena gabharnar zohn jenka basabhabana sarkari basabhabana (nyujarka sahara) ray navember 1796 ray bibaha anusthita hoithila. livingastan october 24,1822 ray bajashattara barsha bajasare taanka oak hill istetare mrutyubarana karithile ebong linlithgo sanskarita church kabarasthanare tanku kabara diajaithila. ehi gharati livingston paribarare rahichhi ebong ehaaku bibaha sthana bhabe byabahara karajaithae. barnana. zohn livingston livingston mainer rahr uttara-paschima konaku taanka ghara paain sthana bhabare bachithile, ebong chamatkara drushya dekhiba paain eka oak gacha chadhiba parey sthana bachithile . ehaa eka-mahla, ita ajatakhetrakara khanda jahara samajatiah saileere eka masruna prustha achhi . 19shaa shatabdir sheshabhagare hoithiba sanjojana ebong paribartanagudika madhyare rahichhi monsard chhaata ebong carnis, sammukh baranda ebong roshei ghara winga. sampatti upare eka gaadi ghara madhya achhi (sii. 1900), garriage (c. 1924), duiti purbatana upakarana sanrakhyana kotha (c. 1900), karnakraiba (sii. 1900), ebong eka chhot basagruha/badhei dokan (c. 1800). ehi istetre eka oupanibeshika punaruddhara saileera prabesha dwara (1900), parabarti greek punaruddhara sailee bibaranee sahita capers kole house (1778), eka shasya bhandara (1801), robert evance house (c. 1890), studdly house (1780), ebong gavigan house (c. 1890). 1979 masihare ehaaku aitihasika stanagudikara jatiah panjikare samil karajaithila.

oak pahadi (linlithgo, newyork) oak pahadi ikk itihasak astet haii joe columbia kaoonti, newyork witch linlithgo vikhe sathit haii. itihaas. oak pahadi daa nirman 1793 witch john livingston duaara keeta giaa see, joe livingston mainar dey teeje maalak robbert livingston atey governor rip vain daim dee poti, uss dee patni maria thong (1711-1765) dey 13 bacchiaan vicchon barahvan see. john livingston daa janam 21 farvari 1750 noon newyork witch hoiaa see. uss dey pitaa noon umeed see kii uss dey puttar uss dey karobari agent vajon aapni jagha lainge atey uss dey vadde bharavan wang, john noon vee uss anusar sikkhiaa ditti gaee see. uh hudson dey doven pasiaan toon zameen dee atkalan witch rujhiaa hoiaa see. sann 1788 witch, uss neey brigedier general jaaraj clinton dey sahaik-dee-camp vajon seva nibhai. aapni vasiat witch, robbert livingston, jiss dee maut 1790 witch hoee see, neey aapne chaar puttran, walter, robbert see. noon post road dey purab witch aapni zameen tiaar keeti.hannery atey john, harek noon lagbhag 28,000 ekad zameen mildi haii; harek noon uss sadak dey pachham vall domain daa ikk hissa vee milda haii. asal witch zameen lakkad naal dhakki hoee see, mukkh taur utte cheed atey oak. john johnstown dey dakkhan witch ikk chhote jihe ilaake witch vas giaa, jiss noon hunn livingston vajon janhiaa jaanda haii, jisda naam uss dey naam utte rakkhiaa giaa see, atey utthe baad witch philip ail duaara kabza keeta giaa gharr banaiaa giaa see. hofman, marhoom governor hofman dey daada; baad witch ih john dey chhote bharaa handrick "hannery" (1752-1823) daa gharr see. jadon john neey uss jaidad noon sriman noon wetch ditta. hafman uh oak pahadi vall chalaa giaa. sann 1787 witch, john livingston neey livingston shehar dey supervisor vajon seva nibhai. john livingston neey jacob leroy atey carnelia rutgers dee dhee maria ainn leroy naal viaah karvaiaa. uss dee duji patni uss dee pahili chacheri bhainn, catherine (livingston) ridley, uss dey chaache viliam livingston dee dhee atey maithyu ridley dee vidhwa see. viaah navambar 1796 witch sarkari gharr (newyork shehar) witch hoiaa see, joe uss vele governor jauhan jey dee rihaish see, jiss daa viaah catherine dee vaddi bhainn sarah naal hoiaa see. livingston dee 24 aktubar, 1822 noon sattar saal dee umar witch aapni oak pahadi astet witch maut hoow gaee atey uss noon linlithgo sudhar church kabarstan witch dafnaiaa giaa. ih gharr livingston parivaar witch rahinda haii atey viaah dey sathaan vajon vartiaa jaanda haii. varnan. john livingston neey livingston mainar dey uttar-pachmi coney noon aapne gharr laee jagha vajon chunhiaa, atey shandar drishan noon dekhan laee ikk oak dey rukkh utte chadhan toon baad sathaan dee chonh keeti. ih ikk-manzila, ittaan daa aaitakar block haii jiss dee federal shaili witch ikk nirvighan satah haii. haii। sadee dey akheer witch keete gaye vaadhe atey tabdiliaan witch mansard dee chhatt atey carnis, front porch atey rasoi wing shamal hunn. jaidad utte ikk gaddi gharr vee haii (see. 1900), gairaj (see. 1924), doou sabka upkaran bhandaran imaratan (see. 1900), carncribe (see. 1900), atey ikk chhoti jihi rihaish/tarkhan dee dukan (see. 1800). iss astet witch ikk bastiwadi punar-surjiti shaili daa gatehouse (1900), cappers cole haaoos (1778) jiss witch baad witch yunani punar-surjiti shaili dey verve, ikk bhandar (1801), robert evens haaoos (see. 1890), studly haaoos (1780), atey gavigan haaoos (see. 1890). iss noon 1979 witch itihasak sathanan dey rashtari register witch shamal keeta giaa see.

ok-hill (linlithgo, nyuyaark) ok-parwatah nyuyaark-nagarasya columbia-kauntee-nagarasya linlithgo-nagare sthitah aitihaasikah pradesha asti. itihaasah. ok-parvatam 1793 tame varshe jaan livingston ityanena nirmitam aasit, yah livingston-mainer ityasya truteeya-adhipatihi rabert livingston ityasya, tasya patnee, governor rip-vyaan-daam ityasya naatinee maria-thong (1711-1765) ityasyaah cha janmiteshu trayodasha-balakeshu dvaadasha-putrah aasit. jaan livingston ityayam 21 februvari 1750 tame varshe nyuyaark-nagare ajayata. tasya pitaa tasya putraan tasya vyaapaar-pratinidhiroopen sthaanam sweekaroti iti apekshyat, tathaa cha tasya jyeshtabhraatubhihi iva jaan api tadanusaram shikshitah abhavat. saha hudson ityasya pakshadwaye bhoo-anumaana-kaarye samlagnah aasit. 1788 tame varshe saha brigadier-general jaarj clinton ityasya sahaayak-da-camp-rupena karyam krutavaan. 1790 tame varshe mrutah rabert livingston naamakah svavidhehe dwara, swasya chaturnam putrena valter, rabert sii. ityetasya krute postroad ityasya poorvadishi sthitam bhoomim parikalpitavaan.heinry, jaan cha, pratyekam praayah 28,000 ekar-bhoomim praaptavantah; pratyekam tasya margasya paschimadishi sthitasya kshetrasya amsham api praaptavantah. moolatah bhoomih kaashtaih aacchaditaa aasit, mukhyataya devadaaru-vrukshaihi, ok-vrukshaihi cha. jaan-varyaha jaan-stein-nagarasya dakshinadishi alpam sthite, adhunaa livingston iti namna prasidhah, tasya namna namankitaha, tatra cha phillip-ell ityanena aavaasee gruham niramaat. hofman, divamgatasya governor-hofman ityasya pitaamah; pashchat saha jaan ityasya kanishtabhraataa hendrick "heinry" (1752-1823) ityasya gruhah aasit. yadaa jaan saha sampattih shree. varyaam amme. hafman ityeshah ok-parvatam prati gatavaan. 1787 tame varshe jaan livingston ityeshah livingston-nagarasya paryawekshakaroopen karyam krutavaan. jaan livingston ityayam jacob-leraay tathaa carnelia-rutgers ityetayoho putriyaam maria aan-leraay ityetam parineetavaan. tasya dwiteeyapatnee tasya prathamaa bhraatrupatnee catherine (livingston) ridley aasit, saa tasya maamah vilium livingston ityasya putree, tathaa cha myathyoo ridley ityasya vidhavaa aasit. vivaahah 1796 tame varshe november-maase sarvakaareeyagruhe (nyuyaark-nagare) abhavat, yat tatkaaleenasy governor-jaan-jey ityasya nivaasah aasit, yah catherine-varyaa bhagineem saara-ityanaya saha vivaahitah aasit. livingston ityeshah 24 october 1822 tame dine sattari-vayasi swasya ok-parvata-bhoomau mrutah, linlithgo-samskrute charch-shmashaane cha samaadhisthah. gruham livingston-kutumbe eva asti, vivaahasthalaroopen cha upayujyate. varnanam. jaan livingston ityayam livingston-mainer ityasya vaayavyakonam svagruhasya sthalarupena chitavaan, api cha ok-vruksham aarohanam krutvaa adbhutadrushyaani drashtum sthaanam chitavaan. eshah ekaha-mahaadwipeeyah, ituka-ayatakaraha khandah asti yasya samrajyiyashailya mrudupatayah asti. 19 shataabdyaah ante, manasaard-ityasya chhatah, carnis, sammukh-dwaarah, pakashalayaha pakshah cha ityetaani parivarnaah cha santi. sampattau api vaahanagruham asti (ga. 1900), gyaarej (c. 1924), poorva-upakaran-bhandaaran-bhavanadvayam (c. 1900), carncrib (c. 1900), tathaa laghu-nivaasah/carpentry-shaap (c. 1800). asmin bhoosampade aupaniveshika-punarujjeevan-shailee-dwaaragruham (1900), caperus-cole-gruham (1778), pashchat greek-punarujjeevan-shailee-vivaranam, ekaha shasyagaraha (1801), rabert-evance-gruhah (c. 1890), studdly-house (1780), gavigan-house (c. 1890). 1979 tame varshe aitihasikasthananam rashtriya-panjeeye etat yojitam.

oak malai (linlithco, newyorg) oak malai enbathu newyorkin kolambiya kavundiyil ulla linlithkoavil amainthulla oru varalaattruth thoattamaagum. varalaaru. livingston maenarin moontraavathu pirabuvaagiya robbert livingston mattrum covernor ribb vaan damin paeththi avarathu manaivi maria thong (1711-1765) aakiyoarukku pirantha pathinmoondru kuzhandhaigalil pannirandaana john livingston enbavaraal 1793 aam aandil oak malai kattappattathu. john livingston pipravari 21,1750 andru newyoarkil piranthaar. avarathu thanthai thanathu magangal thanathu vaniga mugavargalaaka thangal idaththai eduppaargal endru ethirpaarththaar, maelum avarathu mooththa cakoothararkalaip poalavae jaanum atharkaerpa kalvi payintraar. avar hutson irupuramum nila uukangkalil eedupattaar. 1788 aam aandil, avar brigadier general jaarj kilindanukku udhavi-dii-kaembaaga paniyaattrinaar. 1790ill iranththa robbert livingston, thanathu uyilil, thanathu naanku magangalaana walder, robbert chii. kku poast saalaikku kizhakkae thanathu nilatthai uruvaakkinaar.hendri mattrum john, ovvoruvarum sumar 28,000 aekkar nilangkalaip pettranar; ovvoruvarum antha saalaiyin maerkae ulla kazhaththin oru paguthiyaiyum pettranar. muthalil inththa nilam marangkalaal moodappattirunthathu, mukkiyamaaga bine mattrum oak. john johnstownukku therkae oru siriya idaththil kudiyaerinaar, ippoathu livingston endru azhaikkappadukirathu, idhu avarathu peyaraal peyaridappattathu, pinnar angku pilip ell aakkiramiththa veettaik kattinaar. maraintha covernor hafman tatta hafman; pinnar adhu jaanin ilaiya cakootharar hendrik "henry" (1752-1823) inn illamaaga irunththathu. john antha soththai thiru. hafman oak malaikku kudipeyarnthaar. 1787 aam aandil, john livingston livingston nagaraththin maerpaarvaiyaalaraaka paniyaattrinaar. john livingston jacob leroy mattrum carnelia rudgers aagiyoarin magalaana maria aann leroi mananthaar. avarathu irandaavathu manaivi avarathu muthal uravinar, keththarin (livingston) ridley, avarathu maama villiyam livingston magal mattrum methev ridleyin vidhavai. inththa tirumanam navambar 1796 ill keththarin mooththa chakoothari saaraavai manantha appoathaiya covernor john jaeyin illamaana arasaangka illaththil (newyorg nagaram) nadanthathu. livingston thanathu ezhupaththirandu vayathil october 24,1822 andru thanathu oak malai thoattaththil iranthaar, maelum linlithco seerthiruththa devalaya kallaraiyil adakkam seiyappattaar. inththa veedu vaazhum kudumbaththil ullathu mattrum thirumana idamaaga payanpaduththappadukirathu. vilakkam. john livingston livingston maenarin vadamaerku moolaiyai thanathu veettirkaana thalamaaga thaerntheduththu, athirchchiyoottum kaatchigalaik kaana oru oak maraththil aeriya piragu antha idaththai thaervu seithaar. idhu oru-maadi, sengal sevvagath thoguthiyaagum, idhu koottaatchi paaniyil menmaiyaana maerparappaik kondullathu. 19 aam noottraandin pirpaguthiyil serkkappattavai mattrum maattrangkalil mansert koorai mattrum cornis, muun mandapam mattrum samaiyalarai wing aagiyavai adangkum. soththil oru vandi illamum ullathu (chii. 1900), kerej (c. 1924), irandu munnaal ubakaranangkal saemippuk kattidangal (c. 1900), corncrype (c. 1900), mattrum oru siriya illam/thachu kadai (c. 1800). thoattaththil oru kaalanitthuva marumalarchi paani nuzhaivaayil (1900), cabarus cole havus (1778) pinnar kiraekka marumalarchi paani vivarangkaludan, oru kazhanjiyam (1801), robbert eevans havus (c. 1890), studley havus (1780), mattrum cavican havus (c. 1890). idhu 1979 aam aandil varalaattru idangkalin thaesiya pathivaettil serkkappattathu.

ook hill (linlitgo, newyork) ook hill anedi newyorkloni columbia kounteelooni linlitgo vadda unna oka chaaritraka estate. charitra. ook kondanu 1793loe zaan livingston nirminchaaru, livingston mainer yokka moodava prabhuvu robbert livingston mariyu athani bhaarya maria thang (1711-1765), governor rip vaan dyaam manumaralu janminchina padamudu mandhi pillalalo pannendavaadu. zaan livingston fibravari 21,1750naa newyorklo janminchaaru. thana vyapara agentluga thana kumaarulu tama sthaanaanni aakraminchukovalani athani tandri aasinchaadu, thana annalaage zaan kooda tadanugunamgaa vidyaavantudayyaadu. athanu hudson yokka rendu vaipula bhuu oohagaanaalalo nimagnamayyadu. 1788loe, athanu brigadier general georg clintonku sahayakudiga panicheesaadu. 1790loe maraninchina robbert livingston thana veelunaamaalo, thana naluguru kumaarulu, walter, robbert sii. kii post rodku thoorpuna unna thana bhoomini roopondinchaadu.henry, zaan, prati okkaroo sumaru 28,000 ekaraalanu andukunnaru; prati okkaroo aaa rahadaariki paschimaana domainlo kontha bhaganni kooda andukunnaru. modata eee bhoomi kalapatho kappabadi undedi, pradhanamgaa paine mariyu ook. zaan johnstownku dakshinaana oka chinna praantamloo sthirapaddaadu, ippudu livingston anie piluvabade, dheeniki athani paeru pettaru, mariyu akkada phillip ell aaa tarvaata aaa intini nirminchaadu. divangata governor hafman taata ayina hafman; taruvaata idhi zaan tammudu hendrick "henry" (1752-1823) nivaasam. zaan aaa aastini mistarku vikrayinchina taruvaata. hafman ook kondaku vellaadu. 1787loe, zaan livingston livingston pattanaaniki paryaveekshakudigaa panicheesaaru. zaan livingston jacob leroy mariyu carnelia rutgers kumarte maria aann leroynu vivaham chesukunnadu. athani rendava bhaarya athani modati bandhuvu catherine (livingston) ridley, athani maama vilium livingston kumarte mariyu mathue ridley vitantuvu. catherine akka saranu vivaham chesukunna appati governor zaan jay nivaasamaina prabhutva gruhamlo (newyork nagaram) november 1796loe vivaham jarigindi. livingston thana ook hill estatelo debbai rendu samvatsaraala vayassulo 1822 aktobaru 24naa maraninchaadu mariyu linlitgo samskarinchabadina charchi smasaanavaatikalo khananam cheyabaddaadu. illu livingston kutumbamlo migili undhi mariyu vivaha vaedikagaa upayoginchabadutundi. vivarana. zaan livingston thana inti kosam livingston mainer yokka vaayuvya muulanu enchukunnadu mariyu adbhutamaina drushyaalanu chuudataaniki ook chettunu ekkina taruvaata aaa pradaesaanni enchukunnadu. idhi samakhya shaililo mruduvaina uparitalamtho kuudina oka-antastula, ituka deerghachaturasraakaara block. 19va sataabdam chivaralo cherpulu mariyu maarpulalo mansard paikappu mariyu cornis, mundu vaakili mariyu vantagadi rekkalu unnaayi. aastipai kooda oka carriage house (sii. 1900), garrage (c. 1924), rendu maajee parikaraala nilva bhavanalu (c. 1900), cornrib (c. 1900), mariyu oka chinna nivaasam/vadrangi dukaanam (c. 1800). estatelo valasarajyala punaruddharana shaili gatehouse (1900), taruvaata greeku punaruddharana shaili vivaraalatoe kuudina caperus cole house (1778), oka baarn (1801), robbert evans house (c. 1890), studley house (1780), mariyu gavigaon house (c. 1890). idhi 1979loe chaaritraka pradaesaala jaateeya registerlo cherchabadindi.

ook hull (lanlthago neoyork) ook hull columbia county neoyork mein lanlthago mein waaqa eek tarikhi steat hay. tareekh. baloot kii pahaadi 1793 mein jaan leongston nay tameer kii thee juu leongston minor kay teesre maalik raabart leongston aur iss kii bewi maariyah thong (1711-1765)yee governor reep ween ddaim kii potee kay teerah bachon mein say barahwein thee. jaan leongston 21 faroori 1750 kuu neoyork mein paida hoay. iss kay waalid kuu toqaa thee kahh iss kay betay iss kay karobari agenton kii jagah lain gay aur iss kay baday bhayiyon kii tarah jaan kuu bhee asee kay mutabiq taleem dee gayee. wah hudson kay donon itraaf zameen kii qayaas aaraiyon mein masruf thaa. 1788 mein inhon nay brigadier general jaarj clinton kay maawan camp kay toor parr khidmaat anjaam dain. apnee marzi mein raabart levingston jiss kaa 1790 mein inteqal hawaa nay post road kay mashriq mein waaqa apnee zameen apnay chaar beton walter raabart see kay liye wazaa kii.yee hunry aur jaan harr eek kuu taqriba 28,000 aikad mill rehaa hay vovo harr eek kuu iss sadak kay maghrab mein domain kaa eek hasah bhee milaa. asl mein yaha zameen lakdi say dahki hoyee thee khaas toor parr cheed aur baloot. jaan janstaun kay thoda saa janub mein aabaad how gayaa jasay abb leongston kay naam say jaana jaataa hay jiss kaa naam inn kay naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa aur wahaan baad mein flip eel kay zeer qabzah gahar banaya gayaa. hoaf meen marhum governor hoaf meen kay daada vovo baad mein yaha jaan kay chhotay bhayee handrik "hunry" (1752-1823) kaa gahar thaa. jabb jaan nay wah jayedad mister kuu beach dee. hoaf meen wah baloot kii pahaadi parr chalaa gayaa. 1787 mein jaan leongston nay leongston qasbey kay nigraan kay toor parr khidmaat anjaam dain. jaan leongston nay jacob leraye aur carnelia rutgers kii betty maariyah aine leraye say shaadi kii. iss kii dosri bewi iss kii pehli kazan catherine (leongston) rudley iss kay chachaa waleem leongston kii betty aur methio rudley kii bewah thee. yaha shaadi nomber 1796 mein government house (neoyork shehar) mein hoyee juu iss waqat governor jaan jay kii rehaish gaah thee jiss kii shaadi catherine kii bury behan saarah say hoyee thee. leongston kaa inteqal 24 aktobar 1822 kuu batees saal kii amar mein apnee baloot pahaadi steat mein hawaa aur asay lanlthago kay aslaah shadah charch kay qabristan mein dafan kiyaa gayaa. gahar leongston khaandaan mein rehta hay aur asay shaadi kay maqaam kay toor parr istemaal kiyaa jaataa hay. wazahat. jaan leongston nay leongston jagir kay shamaal maghrabi konay kuu apnay gahar kay liye jagah kay toor parr muntakhib kiyaa aur shandar nizaron kuu dekhnay kay liye baloot kay darkhat parr chadhnay kay baad iss maqaam kaa intekhaab kiyaa. yaha eek manzalah ainton kaa aaitakar block hay jiss kii satah wafaqi andaaz mein hamwaar hay. 19 wein sadee kay aakhir mein honay waalay izaafe aur tabdiliyon mein mansard kii chhat aur kaarans saamney kaa porch aur bawarchi khaaney kaa wing shaamil haine. jayedad parr eek gaadi kaa gahar bhee hay (c. 1900)yee giraj (c. 1924)yee duu sabqah aalat zakhirah karnay waali emaratein (c. 1900)yee karankaraib (c. 1900)yee aur eek chhoti see rehaish gaah/badhayi kii dakaan (c. 1800). steat parr nawabadiyati ahyaa kay tarz kaa gait house (1900)yee cappers cole house (1778) jiss mein baad mein yunani ahya kay andaaz kii tafsilaat haine eek godaam (1801)yee raabart avens house (c. 1890)yee studly house (1780)yee aur gavigan house (c. 1890). asay 1979 mein tarikhi maqamat kay qomi register mein shaamil kiyaa gayaa thaa.

fffcac36884632f8b496e73531e1b67b22eda496f02271eb125da12663ae3627

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42566572

Jack Murray (cricketer)

Jack Murray (cricketer) Australian cricketer John Tinline Murray (1 December 1892 – 19 September 1974) was an Australian cricketer active from 1909 to 1926 who played for South Australia and the Australian Imperial Force Touring XI. He was born in Norwood, South Australia and died in Stirling, South Australia. He appeared in 23 first-class matches as a right-handed batsman who bowled right arm medium pace. He scored 1,964 runs with a highest score of 152 among four centuries and took twelve wickets with a best performance of two for 63. Notes. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

jek mure (cricketer) john tinline mure (1 disembor 1892-19 septembor 1974) 1909 sonor poraa 1926 sonoloike xokriyo ejon australian cricketer aasil ji dokhyin australia aaru australier xamrajyobadi bahinir bhromon xi ror hoi khelisil. teu dokhyin australier norudot jonmogrohon korisil aaru dokhyin australier storlingto mrityuboron korisil. teu 23khon prothom shrenir khelot xu haator batsmen hisape obhinoy korisil jiye xu haator modhyomiya gotir bolling korisil. teu sarita xotikar bhitorot xorbadhik 152 raanor xoite 1,964 raan xongroho korisil aaru 63 ror baabe dutaa xorbosrestho prodorxonor xoite barta wicket loisil.

jack murre (cricketer) john tinline murre (1 december 1892-19 septembara 1974) chhilen ekjon australian cricketer jini 1909 theke 1926 saal porjonto dakkhin australia ebong australian imperial phorsa touring xi-err hoye khelechen. tini dakkhin australier noroude jonmogrohon corren ebong dakkhin australier storling-ayee maaraa zaan. tini 23tii prothom-shrenir matche danhati batsman hisebe uposthito hoyechilen, jini danhati majhari gotite boaling korechilen. tini charti shotoker modhye 152 raner sorbochcho score soho 1,964 raan corren ebong 63 raane dui wicketer sera performance soho baroti wicket nene.

jeeka murre (cricketer) john tinline murre (1 december 1892-19 september 1974) 1909 thee 1926 sudhee sakreey australian cricketer hataa, jeo dakshin austreliya aneey australian shaahee dada maate pravaas xi maate ramyaa hataa. teno janm dakshin australiana norwoodma thayo hato aneey teey dakshin australiana sterlingma mrutyu paamyo hato. teo 23 pratham shreneeni mechomaa jamnaa haathnaa batsmen tareeke dekhaaya hataa jemane jamnaa haathnee madhyam gateeae bolling curry hatee. temane chaar sadioma sadioma sarvoch sqora saathe 1,964 runn banaavya aneey 63 runn aapeene beey wicket zadpi hatee.

jack murre (cricketer) johnn tinline murre (1 disambar 1892-19 sitambar 1974) 1909 seey 1926 taka sakriya ack australiyai cricketer they joe dakshin australia aur australiyai shaahi bull key liye khele. unakaa janm dakshin australia key norwood mein huaa thaa aur unaki mrityu dakshin australia key hilate hue sthaan mein hui thee. vaha 23 pratham shreni maichon mein daaen haath key ballebaaj key roop mein dikhaai diye jinhone daaen haath kii madhyam gati seey gendbaji kii. unhone chaar shatkon mein seey 152 key uchchatam score key saath 1,964 runn banaae aur 63 runn dekar dou key sarvshreshth pradarshan key saath baarah wicket liye.

jack murre (cricketiga) zaan tinline murre (1 december 1892-19 september 1974) 1974) 1909rinda sakriyavagidda aastreliyaada kriketigaragiddaru, avaru daksina australia mattu aastreliyaada saamraajyashahi padey pravaasa xi para aadidaru. aata daksina aastreliyaada norwoodnalli janisidaru mattu daksina aastreliyaada stirringnalli nidhanaraadaru. avaru 23 prathama darje pandyagalalli balagai batsmen aagi kanisikondaru, avaru balagai madhyama vegada bowling maadidaru. avaru naalku shatakagalalli 152 rahra garishta score nondige 1,964 runn galisidaru mattu 63 rangalige eradu atyuttama pradarshanadondige hanneradu viketgalannu padedaru.

jacq murey (krikkatt tharam) 1909 muthal 1926 vare southu australiyaykkum australian imperial fozhsu touring xi num vendi kalicha oru australian krikkatt kalikkaranayirunnu joonn tinline murey (1 desember 1892-19 septambar 1974). thekkan australiyayile norwoodilaanu addeham janichathu, thekkan australiyayile stitlingil addeham marichu. valamkaiyyan idatharam vegathayil pantherinja valamkaiyyan baattsmaanaayi 23 phastt klaas malsarangalil addeham prathyakshappettu. naalu senchwarikalil 152 enna uyarnna skorumaayi 1,964 runs nediya addeham 63 ransinu rund enna mikacha prakadanatthode panthrand vikkattukal nedi.

jack murre (cricketer) john tinline murre (1 december 1892-19 september 1974) ek astreliyali cricketer thie jo 1909 dekhi 1926 samma sakriya thie jasle dakshin astrelia rar astreliyali imperial force tour xi kaa lagi kheleka thie. uni dakshin astreliako nerwoodma janmeka thie rar dakshin astreliako stiringma unko mrityu bhayo. uni 23 wata pratham shreni matchharuma dahine hatka batsmanka rupma dekha pare jasle dahine hatko madhyam gati bolling gare. unle chaar shatakharu madhye 152 ko uchchatam skorsahit 1,964 runn banae rar 63 runn diera dui wicketko utkrishta pradarshan gardai bahra wicket lie.

jack murre (cricketer) zohn tinlin murre (1 december 1892-19 september 1974) jane astreliah cricketer thile jie 1909 ru 1926 parjyanta sakriya thile jie dakhina astrelia ebong astreliah imperial force tour xi paain khelithile. shay dakhina astreliaara naraudare janmagrahana karithile ebong dakhina astreliaara stiralingare mrutyubarana karithile. shay shay pratham shreni myachre jane dahanahati batsmen bhabe khelithile, jie dahanahati madhyama begare boling karithile. shay charoti shataka madhyare sarbadhika 152 runn sahita 1,964 runn karithile ebong 63 runn dei dui wicket nei barati wicket neithile.

jaik murre (cricketer) john tinline murre (1 dasambar 1892-19 satambar 1974) ikk australiaai cricketer see joe 1909 toon 1926 takk sargaram riha joe dakkhni australia atey australiaai shaahi fauj laee khediaa. uss daa janam dakkhni australia dey narwood witch hoiaa see atey uss dee maut dakkhni australia dey halchal witch hoee see. uh 23 pahile darje dey maichan witch sajje hatth dey ballebaaz vajon dikhai ditte jinhan neey sajje hatth dee madham gatee naal gendbazi keeti. unhan neey chaar sainkade vicchon sabh toon vaddh 152 daudan dee paari witch 1,964 daudan banaiaan atey 63 daudan dey keey doou vikatan lae keey barahan vikatan laeeaan.

jyaak murre (cricket-kreedakah) jaan tinlain murre (1 december 1892-19 september 1974) ekaha australian cricket-kreedakah aasit yah 1909 taha 1926 paryantam sakriyah aasit, yah dakshina-australia-deshasya krute, australia-saamraajy-balasya xi-paryatanasy krute cha kreeditavaan. saha dakshina-australia-deshasya norwood-nagare ajayata, dakshina-australia-deshasya stirring-nagare cha amriyata. saha 23 prathama-shrenee-spardhaasu dakshinahastasya batsmen-rupena abhyanayt yah dakshinahastasya madhyam-gatim eva baul krutavaan. saha chaturshushu shatakayoho madhye 152 iti ucchatamam ankam praapya 1,964 runn praptavan, tathaa cha 63 wicket nashtaat dwe uttamm pradarshanm krutvaa dvaadasha wicket praptavan.

jaak murre (crickett veerar) john dinline murre (1 disambar 1892-19 septumber 1974) 1909 muthal 1926 varai seyalpatta oru australian crickett veerar aavaar, avar therku australia mattrum australian aekaathipaththiya padai suttruppayana xi anikkaaga vilaiyaadinaar. avar therku australiavin norwootil piranthaar, therku australiavin kilarich sendra idaththil iranthaar. avar 23 muthal thara poattikalil valathu kaii paetsmaenaaga thoantrinaar, avar valathu kaii naduththara vaekaththil pandhu veechinaar. avar naanku sathangalil 152 endra adhigapatcha skorudan 1,964 oottangkal eduththaar mattrum 63 rangalukku irandu endra sirantha seyalthiranudan pannirandu vikkettukalai veelththinaar.

jaak murre (cricketer) zaan tinline murre (1 december 1892-19 september 1974) 1909 nundi 1926 varaku kriyaaseela australian cricketer, athanu dakshina australia mariyu australian imperial fores touring xi kosam aadadu. athanu dakshina australialoni norwoodloo janminchaadu mariyu dakshina australialoni stirringlo maraninchaadu. athanu 23 fust-class matchlalo kudicheti vaatam batsmenga kanipinchaadu, athanu kudicheti vaatam medium pays bowling chesaadu. naalugu senchareelalo 152 atyadhika skorutho 1,964 parugulu chesaadu mariyu 63 parugulaku rendu uttama pradarsanatoe pannendu viketlu teesukunnadu.

jeek mory (crickter) jaan tunn line mory (1 dasambar 1892-19 satambar 1974) eek austrailvi crickter thaa juu 1909 say 1926 takk srgarm rehaa juu janubi australia aur austrailvi imperial force toring xi kay liye kheela. wah janubi australia kay noor wode mein paida hoay aur janubi australia kay halchal machanay waalay elaqay mein inteqal kirr gayey. wah 23 frust klaas meechon mein daayein haath kay blay baaz kay toor parr nazar aayey jinhon nay daayein haath kii darmiyani raftaar say gaind baazi kii. inhon nay chaar centurion mein say 152 kay sabb say ziyadah score kay saath 1,964 runn banaye aur 63 ranz day kirr duu kii behtareen karkardgi kay saath baarah waktein haasil kein.

fffcae779f54e013a22d7d96ff468fd4400df64c673bff4ba3a8adecedd13c78

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9354534

Wollaston wire

Wollaston wire Wollaston wire is a very fine (less than 0.01 mm thick) platinum wire clad in silver and used in electrical instruments. For most uses, the silver cladding is etched away by acid to expose the platinum core. History. The wire is named after its inventor, William Hyde Wollaston, who first produced it in England in the early 19th century. Platinum wire is drawn through successively smaller dies until it is about in diameter. It is then embedded in the middle of a silver wire having a diameter of about . This composite wire is then drawn until the silver wire has a diameter of about , causing the embedded platinum wire to be reduced by the same 50:1 ratio to a final diameter of . Removal of the silver coating with an acid bath leaves the fine platinum wire as a product of the process. Uses. Wollaston wire was used in early radio detectors known as electrolytic detectors and the hot wire barretter. Other uses include suspension of delicate devices, sensing of temperature, and sensitive electrical power measurements. It continues to be used for the fastest-responding hot-wire anemometers. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

wolaston taar wo 'laston taar hoise rupali aaworonor etaa oti xukhmo (0.01 mii. mii. tokoi komm daath) platinum taar aaru boidyutik xojulixomuhot byobohar koraa hoy. besibhag byoboharor baabe, platinamor mool ongxotu mukoli koriboloi rupali cladingtu acidor dwara khudit koraa hoy. itihax. ei taaror naam iyar udbhawok uilium hyde wolastonor naamere rokha hoise, jijone 19 xotikar aarombhonite englandot prothombaror baabe iyak utpadon korisil. platinum taar kromanwoye xoru hoi juwar maajere tunny onaa hoy jetiyaloike ee pray byaxot nathake. taar pisot iyak rupali taaror maajot ontorbhukto koraa hoy jaar byax pray. ei jougik taartu tetiya rupali taaror byax pray nuhuwaloike tunny onaa hoy, jaar folot ontorbhukto platinum taartu 50:1 onupator xoite xex byaxor onupatot hraax paay. acid snanor xoite rupali aaworon aatorai diyar folot xukhmo platinum taartu prokriyatur ek utpadon hisape ulai yaay. byobohar kore. electro 'laitik detecter aaru gorom taaror beretar naamere jonajat prarombhik readyo' detectorot wo 'laston taar byobohar koraa hoisil. onyanyo byoboharor bhitorot aase xukhmo xojulir nilombon, usnotar xongbedonxilota, aaru xongbedonxil boidyutik xoktir porimap. iyak drutotom xohari diya gorom-taaror animometeror baabe byobohar koraa obyahot aase.

olaston taar olaston taar ekti khub sukkho (0.01 mimmy-rawr qama puru) platinum taar jaa rupay abrito ebong boidyutik jontrogulite byabohrito hoy. beshirbhag byaboharer jonno, sylver claddingti assid dwara khodai koraa hoy jaate platinum korti unmukto hoy. itihas. tartir udbhabok uilium hyde olastoner naame tartir namkaran koraa hoyeche, jini 19 shotoker godar dike englande prothom etty toiri korechilen. platinum tarti pray byaser naa haoya porjonto dharabahikbhabe chhoto hoye yaay. tarpor etty ekti rupali taarer majhkhane embed koraa hoy jaar byasha pray. eyi jougik tarti tokhon taanaa hoy jotokkhon naa rupali taarer byasha pray hoy, jaar foley embedded platinum tarti 50:1 onupater chudanta byaser soman hrass paay. assid snaner madhyome rupali aboron aposaron prokriyatir ekti ponno hisabe sukkho platinum taar chhede deyo. byabohar korey. olaston taar prathomik redio detectorgulite byabohrito hoto jaa electrolytic detector ebong hott oyyara barretter naame porichito. anyanno byaboharer modhye royeche sukkho jontrer jhulon, tapmatra anudhaban ebong sangbedanshil boidyutik shakti porimap. etty drutotomo saadaa deoa gorom-taarer animometer jonno byabohar koraa abyahoto royeche.

wallston wire wallston wire aee chaandima dhankayelu aneey vidhyut sadhanoma vaparaatu khoob jaj saaru (0.01 meemee kartaa ochhu jaadu) platinum wire chhe. motabhagna upyogo maate, platinum korne khulli paadvaa maate chaandinaa aavaranne acid dwara door karvaamaa aave chhe. itihas. aaa wirenun naam tenaa shodhak veeliyam hyde wallstonnaa naam parthee rakhvama aavyu chhe, jemane 19mee sadeeni sharuaatmaa englandma tenu pratham utpaadan karyoo hatoo. platinum wireno vyaas lagbhag naa thaay tyaan sudhee teey kramshah naana murry jaay chhe. pachhi teey chaandinaa taarnee madhyamaa jadit thaay chhe jeno vyaas lagbhag chhe. aaa sanyukt wire pachhi chaandinaa wireno vyaas lagbhag naa thaay tyaan sudhee dorvaamaa aave chhe, jenaa kaarane embedded platinum wireno anteem vyaasnaa samaan 50:1 gunottarthi ghataado thaay chhe. acid baath saathe chaandinaa kotingne door karvaathi prakriyaanaa utpaadan tareeke dund platinum wire chhodi jaay chhe. upyog karey chhe. wallston wireno upyog praarambhik rediyo detectorsmaa thato hato, jene electrolytic detectors aneey hooat wire barretter tareeke odakhvaamaa aave chhe. anya upyogomaa najuk upkaranonu suspension, taapmaannu samvedan aneey samvedansheel vidhyut shaktee maapanno samaavesh thaay chhe. teno upyog sauthee zadpi pratikriyaa aaptaa hooat-wire anaemometer maate chaalu chhe.

wollston taar wollston taar ack bahut hii maheen (0.01 mimi seey cumm motaa) platinum taar haye joe chaandi mein dhakaa hotaa haye aur vidyut upkaranon mein upayog kiya jaataa haye. adhikansh upayogon key liye, chaandi key aavaran koo platinum core koo ujagar karane key liye acid dwara khod diyaa jaataa haye. itihas. taar kaa naam isake aavishkaarak villium hyde wollston key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye, jinhone pahali baar 19veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein ingland mein iska utpaadan kiya thaa. platinum taar koo kramik roop seey chhote roop seey taba taka kheencha jaataa haye jaba taka kii yeh vyaas mein naa hoe jaae. isake baad ise ack chaandi key taar key beach mein embed kiya jaataa haye jiska vyaas lagbhag hotaa haye. iss mishrit taar koo taba taka kheencha jaataa haye jaba taka kii chaandi key taar kaa vyaas lagbhag naheen hoe jaataa haye, jisase antarnihit platinum taar koo antim vyaas key samaan 50:1 anupaat seey cumm kiya jaataa haye. acid snan key saath chaandi key parat koo hataane seey maheen platinum taar prakriya key utpaad key roop mein nickle jaataa haye. upayog karein. wollston taar kaa upayog praarambhik radio detectors mein kiya jaataa thaa jinhen electrolytic detector aur germ taar barrett key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. anya upayogon mein najuk upkaranon kaa nilamban, tapman kaa samvedan aur samvedansheel vidyut shakti maap shamil hain. iska upayog sabse teji seey pratikriya karane vaale germ taar animometer key liye kiya jaataa haye.

vollaston tanti voluston tantiyu belliya hodikeyulla mattu vidyut upakaranagalalli balasalaaguva bahala sookshmavaada (0.01 mii. mea. ginta kadime dappa) platinum tantiyagide. hecchina balakegalige, platinum coor annu bahirangapadisalu belliya hodikeyannu aamladinda kettalaaguttade. itihaasa. 19neey shatamaanada aarambhadalli englendnalli idannu modalu utpaadisida adara samshoodhaka vilium hyde vollaston avara hesarannu ee tantiya hesaridalaagide. platinum tantiyannu adara vyaasavu sumaru aguvavarege anukramavagi chikkadaada daigala moolaka eleyalaaguttade. nantara adannu sumaru vyaasada belliya tantiya madhyadalli hudugisalaaguttade. ee samyojita tantiyannu nantara belliya tantiyu sumaru vyaasavannu honduvavarege eleyalaaguttade, idarindaagi hudugiruva platinum tantiyu antima vyaasakke adhe 50:1 anupaatadinda kadimeyaguttade. ausid snaanadondige belliya lepanavannu tegeduhaakuvudarinda sookshmavaada platinum tantiyu prakriyeya utpannavaagi uliyuttade. balasuttaare. electrolytic detectorgalu mattu bisi tantiya barretter endu kareyalaaguva arambhika radeo detectorgalalli vollaston tantiyannu balasalaaguttittu. itara upayogagalalli sukshma sadhanagala amanatu, taapamaanada samvedane mattu sukshma vidyut shaktiya alategalu serive. idu vegavagi pratikriyisuva bisi-tanti enemometergalige balasalaaguttide.

volaasttan vayar velliyil pothinju vaidyutha upakaranagalil upayogikkunna valare mikacha (0.01 millimeteril thaazhe kattiyulla) plaattinam vayaraan volaasttan vayar. mikka upayogangalkkum, plaattinam coor thurannukattunnathinaayi silver cladding assid upayogichu kothivaykkunnu. charithram. pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil englandil aadyamaayi nirmmicha athinte kandupiduthakkaranaaya vilyam hyde volaasttante perilaanu eee vayar ariyappedunnathu. ekadesham vyaasamullathuvare thudarchayaayi cheria daikaliloode plaattinam vayar varaykkunnu. pinneedu ekadesham oru vyaasamulla oru velli vayarinte madhyathil ithu ulcherkkunnu. eee samyojitha vayar pinneedu silver vayarin ekadesham oru vyaasam undaakunnathuvare varaykkunnu, ithu ulchertha plaattinam vayar avasana vyaasathin athe 50:1 anupatham kuraykkaan kaaranamaakunnu. assid baath upayogichu silver coating neekkam cheiyunnathu eee prakriyayude oru ulppannamaayi phine plaattinam vayarine avasheshippikkunnu. upayogikkunnu. electrolytic dittaktarukal ennum hoott vayar baarettar ennum ariyappedunna aadyakaala radio dittaktarukalil volaasttan vayar upayogichirunnu. athilolamaaya upakaranangalude suspension, thaapanilayude sensing, sensitiivu electrical power alavukal ennivayaanu mattu upayogangal. ettavum vegathil prathikarikkunna hoott vayar anemometerukalkkaayi ithu upayogikkunnathu thudarunnu.

walleston wire volaston wire hii eka atishay bareek (0.01 mimipeksha qamee jaad) platinum wire aahe jee chandine aachchhadit aahe aanee vidyut upkarnanmadhye vaparali jaate. bahutek vaparasathi, platinumcha gabha ughad karnyasathi chandiche aavaran aamlane korale jaate. itihas. yaa tarala tyache shodhak, vilyam hyde walleston yanche naav denyat aale aahe, jyanni 19 vya shatkachya suruvatila englandmadhye pahilyanda tyache utpadan kele. platinumchi taar tee sumare vyasachi hoiparyant haloohaloo lahan daijdware kadhali jaate. tyanantar too sumare vyas asalelya chandichya taranchya madhyabhagi basavala jaato. tyanantar hii sammishra taar chandichya tarcha vyas sumare hoiparyant kadhali jaate, jyamule antarbhut platinum vayarcha vyas 50:1 chya samaan gunottarane qamee hoto. aaml snanane chandiche aavaran kadhoon takalyane tantumay platinumchi taar yaa prakriyeche utpadan mhanoon rahate. vapar. electrolytic detector aanee hott wire barretter mhanoon olakhalya jaananya suruvatichya redio detectormadhye volaston vayarcha vapar keela jaat asey. itar upayoganmadhye najuk upkarananche nilamban, tapmanachi samvedan aanee sanvedanshil vidyut urja mojmap yancha samavesh hoto. tyacha vapar sarvat vegane pratisad denanya garam taranchya animometersathi keela jaat aahe.

wolston taar wolston taar ek dherai ramro (0.01 mimmy bhanda cum baklo) platinum taar how june chandima dhakieko chha rar vidyutiya upkaranharuma prayog garinchha. dherai prayogharuka lagi, platinum korlai ujagar garna silbhar claddinglai acidwara khochieko hunchha. itihas. tarko naam yasako awishkarak william hyde wolstonko namama rakhieko chha, jasle yasalai 19 aun shatabdiko suruma englandma pahilo patak utpadan gareka thie. platinum taar kramashah sano dies marfat khichinchha jabasamma yo wyasma hundaina. tyasapachhi yasalai lagbhag wyas bhaeko chaandiko tarko bichma imbed garinchha. yo composite taar tyasapachhi chaandiko tarko wyas lagbhag nabhaesamma khichinchha, jasle garda imbedded platinum tarlai antim wyasko saman 50:1 anupatle ghataunchha. acid snanko sath chaandiko coating hataune prakriyako utpadanko rupma ramro platinum taar chhodchha. prayog garnuhos. wolston taar prarambhik radio detectorharuma prayog garieko thiyo jaslai electrolytic detector rar tato taar barrator bhaninchha. anya prayogharuma nazuk upkaranharuko nilamban, tapkramko sanvedan, rar sanvedanshil vidyut shakti mapanharu samawesh chhan. yo sabaibhanda chhito pratikriya dine tato taar anaemometerharuka lagi prayog garna jaari chha.

wallaston taara wallaston taara heuchhi eka ati sukshma (0.01 mea. mea. ru comm mota) platinum taara jaahaa rupa ray aachadita ebong baidyutika upakaranare byabahruta hue . adhikansha byabahara paain, platinam koraku unmukta kariba paain rupa klyadingku acid dwara khodita karajae . itihas. ehara udbhabaka william hyde wolastanka naamare ehi taarara namakarana karajaichi, jieki 19shaa shatabdir prarambhare englandare pratham thara paain ehaaku utpadana karithile. platinum taaraku kramasah chhot dye madhyamare taani niajae, je parjyanta ehara byasa praiah naah hue. ehapare ehaaku eka rupa taarara majhire embed karajae jahara byasa praiah. ehapare ehi mishrit taaraku rupa taarara byasa pakhapakhi heba parjyanta taani niajae, jaahaa phalare antarnirmita platinum taarara antim byasara samaana 50:1 anupatare hrass paithae. acid snan sahita rupa lepaku hataiba dwara sukshma platinum taarati ehi prakrijara eka utpada bhabare chadithae . byabahara karantu. electroletic detector ebong hutt wajara barrator bhabare janashuna prarambhika redio detectorre wallaston taara byabahruta hoithila . anyanya byabahara madhyare rahichhi sukshma upakarangudikara nilamban, tapmatra anushilana ebong sambedanashila bidyuta shaktira mapa. drutatam pratikrijasheela hutt-wajara animometer paain ehaa byabahruta heuchhi .

volaston taar volaston taar ikk bahut hii vadhiaa (0.01 millimeter toon ghatt motty) platinum taar haii joe chaandi naal dhakki hoee haii atey bijli dey yantran witch varti jaandi haii. ziaadaatar varton laee, silver clading noon platinum coor noon bencob curran laee tezab duaara khohiaa jaanda haii. itihaas. taar daa naam iss dey khoji viliam hyde volaston dey naam utte rakkhiaa giaa haii, jiss neey pahili vaar vaar sadee dey arambh witch england witch iss daa utpadan keeta see. platinum taar noon kramvaar chhote dies raahin khichiaa jaanda haii jadon takk ih lagbhag viaas witch naheen hunda. firr iss noon ikk chaandi dee taar dey vichkaar shamal keeta jaanda haii jisda viaas lagbhag hunda haii. iss sanyukat taar noon udon takk khichiaa jaanda haii jadon takk chaandi dee taar daa viaas lagbhag naheen hunda, jiss naal imbedded platinum taar noon 50:1 dey antam viaas dey anupat naal ghataiaa jaanda haii. tezab dey ishnan naal chaandi dee parat noon hatauna prakiriaa dey ikk utpaad dey roop witch vadhiaa platinum taar noon chhadd dinda haii. varton. volaston taar dee varton shuruati radio detectoran witch keeti jaandi see jiss noon electrolytic detector atey garam taar barrator vajon janhiaa jaanda see. horr varton witch nazuk upkarnan dee muattali, tapman dee sensing atey sanvedansheel bijli shakti maap shamal hunn. iss dee varton sabh toon tez-pratikiriaa denh vaale garam-taar animometran laee keeti jaandi haii.

volaston taarah volaston taarah ateeva sookshmah (0.01 mii. mee. taha nyoonah) plaatinam taarah asti yah rajat-aacchaaditah asti, vidyut-upakarneshu cha upayujyate. adhikaamsheshu upayogeshu, rajat-aavaranam amla-yuktena utkeernam bhavati yena platinum-core-kshetram udghaatyate. itihaasah. asya tarasya naam tasya aavishkartuh vilium haid volaston ityasya namna asti, yah 19 shataabdyaah aarambhe england-deshe prathamavaaram asya utpaadanam krutavaan. plaatinam taaram kramashah laghutarena nirmeeyate yaavat tasya vyaasaah naa bhavati. tatah praayah vyaasaah rajat-tarasya madhye sthaapitah bhavati. tatah rajat-tarasya vyaasah yaavat naa bhavati taavat ayam samyukta-taarah ankitah bhavati, yena antarnirmita-plaatinam-taarah antima-vyaasasya samanena 50:1 anupaatena nyooneebhavati. amla-snanena rajat-lepasya nishkasanam sukshmam plaatinam-taaram prakriyayaha utpaadaroopen nirdishati. upayoge. volaston-tarasya upayogah electrolytic-detectors iti namna prasiddheshu praarambhik-radio-detectors-madhye, tathaa haat-vair-barrator-madhye cha abhavat. anyeshu upayogeshu sukshma-upakaranaam sthaganam, tapamatrayaha samvedanam, samvedanasheela-vidyut-shaktti-mapanani cha antarbhavanti. drutatar-pratikriyatmakanam haat-vair-animometer-krute asya upayogah nirantaram prachalati.

voleston kambi voleston kambi enbathu velliyil moodappatta oru migach sirantha (0.01 mimee kkum kuraivaana thadiman) platinum kambi mattrum minn karuvigalil payanpaduththappadukirathu. perumpaalaana payanpaadugalukku, velli uraigal platinum myyaththai velippaduththa amilatthaal porikkappadugindrana. varalaaru. 19 aam noottraandin murpaguthiyil englaanththil muthanmuthalil idhai thayaariththa adhan kandupidippaalar villiyam hight voleston peyaraal inththa kambi peyaridappattullathu. platinum kambi vittam irukkum varai padippadiyaaga siriya irappu vazhiyaaga varaiyappadukirathu. pinnar adhu sumar oru vittam konda oru velli kambiyin naduvil utpothikkappadukirathu. inththa kalappu kambi pinnar velli kambiyin vittam sumar irukkum varai varaiyappadukirathu, ithanaal utpothikkappatta platinum kambi 50:1 endra vigithaththil kuraikkappadugiradhu. amilak kuliyal moolam velli poochchu agatrtrappaduvathaal, nutpamaana platinum kambi seyalmuraiyin oru vilaiporulaaga uruvaagirathu. payanpaduththukirathu. electrolytic detectorgal mattrum hott vayar parrator endru azhaikkappadum aarambagaala radio detectorgalil voleston kambi payanpaduththappattathu. mattra payanpaadugalil menmaiyaana saathanangalin idaineekkam, veppanilaiyai unarthal mattrum unarthiran minn sakthi alaveedugal aagiyavai adangkum. idhu vaekamaaka pathilalikkum soodaana-kambi animometerkalukku thodarnthu payanpaduththappadukirathu.

volaston wire volaston wire anedi chaalaa chakkaga (0.01 mimi kante takkuva mandam) platinum wire, idhi venditho kappabadi vidyut parikaraalalo upayoginchabadutundi. chaalaa upayogaala kosam, platinum kornu bahirgatam cheyadaaniki vendi claudingnu assid dwara chekkutaaru. charitra. 19va sataabdam praarambhamlo inglandlo dheenini modata utpatti chesina daani aavishkarta vilium hyde volaston paeru meeda eee wire paeru pettabadindi. platinum wire kramamga chinnadigaa daani vyaasam vachhe varaku mugustundi. appudu adhi sumaru vyaasam kaligina vendi theega madhyalo ponduparachabadutundi. eee mishrama theega vendi theega sumaru vyaasam unde varaku geeyabadutundi, deenivalla ponduparachabadina platinum theega 50:1 nishpattilo chivari vyaasam varaku taggutundi. assid baattoe vendi puutanu tolaginchadam valla eee prakriya yokka utpattigaa chakkati platinum wire vadiliveyabadutundi. upayoginchandi. electrolytic detectorlu mariyu hott wire barretter anie piluvabade prarambha radeo detectorlalo volaston wire upayoginchabadindi. itara upayogaalalo sunnitamaina parikaraala suspension, ushnogratanu grahinchadam mariyu sunnitamaina vidyut shakti kolatalu unnaayi. idhi atyanta vaegamgaa pratispandinche vaedi-wire enemometers kosam upayoginchabadutondi.

wolston taar wolston taar eek behat hyee emdah (0.1 milly metter say kumm motaa) platinum taar hay juu chaandi say dahkaa hawaa hay aur barqi aalat mein istemaal hotaa hay. ziyadah tarr istemaal kay liyay chaandi kii clauding kuu platinum coor kuu bay nqab karnay kay liye assed kay zariye kandah kiyaa jaataa hay. tareekh. iss taar kaa naam iss kay mojad waleem hyde wolston kay naam parr rakhaa gayaa hay jiss nay asay pehli baar 19 wein sadee kay awail mein england mein tayaar kiyaa thaa. platinum taar kuu iss waqat takk khainch liyaa jaataa hay jabb takk kahh yaha taqriba qatar mein naha how. iss kay baad asay chaandi kay taar kay beach mein sarayat kiyaa jaataa hay jiss kaa qatar taqriba hotaa hay. iss kay baad yaha jaamaa taar iss waqat takk kheencha jaataa hay jabb takk kahh chaandi kay taar kaa qatar taqriba naha how jiss kii wajah say sarayat shadah platinum taar kuu 50:1 kay hatmi qatar kay tanasib say kumm kiyaa jaataa hay. assed baath kay saath chaandi kii coating kuu hatanay say barek platinum taar iss amal kii paidawar kay toor parr nikal jaataa hay. istemaal karein. wolston taar kaa istemaal ibtadayi redio detectors mein kiyaa jaataa thaa jasay electrolytic detector aur hott wire bairter kahaa jaataa thaa. deegar istemalat mein naazik aalat kii maatli darjah hararat kaa ahsaas aur hasaas barqi taaqat kii paimaish shaamil haine. yaha teez tareen jawaab deenay waalay garm taar animomators kay liye istemaal hotaa rehta hay.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=65646209

Siti Ruhani

Siti Ruhani Malaysian field hockey player Siti Noor Amarina Ruhani (born 21 January 1987) is a field hockey player from Malaysia. Career. International hockey. Siti Ruhani made her international debut for Malaysia in 2006 at the Commonwealth Games in Melbourne. Since her debut, Siti has been a mainstay in the Malaysian national team. At the 2010 Commonwealth Games in New Delhi, Siti again represented the national team where they finished in tenth place. In 2013, Siti won her first medal at a major tournament, taking home bronze at the Asian Champions Trophy in Kakamigahara. The following month, the team won gold at the SEA Games in Yangon. Siti made her third and fourth consecutive Commonwealth Games appearances in 2014 and 2018, at the games in Glasgow and the Gold Coast. Since 2015, Siti has been the captain of the national team. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

chiti ruhani chiti nur aamarina ruhani (jonmo 21 january 1987) hoise maloyesiyar egoraki field hockey kheluwoi. keriyar. antohrastriyo hockey. 2006 sonot melbornot onusthito commonwealth gamesot maloyesiyar hoi antorjatik khelot aatmoprokax korisil chiti ruhaniye. teur aatmoprokaxor pisore poraa, chiti maloyesiyar rastriyo dolor ek mool aadharbindu hoi aahise. notun dillit 2010 sonot onusthito commonwealth gamesot, chiti-ye punor rastriyo doltuk protinidhitwo korisil zo 'too teuluke doxom sthanot xex korisil. 2013 sonot, xitiye kakamigaharat asean champions trofito ghoroloi bronz loi etaa dangor protijugitat prothomtu podok laabh korisil. pisor maahot doltuwe yanggonot onusthito chi gamesot sworno podok laabh korisil. sitiye 2014 aaru 2018 sonot glaxogu aaru gold coustot onusthito huwa khelxomuhot kromanwoye tritiyo aaru soturthobaror baabe commonwealth gamesot ongxogrohon korisil. 2015 sonor poraa chiti rastriyo dolor odhinayok hoi aahise.

city ruhani siti noor amarina ruhani (jonmo 21 januari 1987) malayeshiyar ekjon field hockey kheload. pesha. antorjatik hockey. 2006 saale melbourne commonwealth gamese malayeshiyar hoye antorjatik crickete atmoprokash corren siti ruhani. taar abhisheker porr theke, city malaysia jatiya doler ekti prodhan adhar hoye utheche. 2010 saale notun dillite commonwealth gamese, city abar jatiya doler protinidhitto corren jekhane taaraa dasham sthane shesh corren. 2013 saale, city ekti borh turnamente taar prothom podok jitechilen, kakamigahara asean champions trophyte bronz jitechilen. porer maase, dolti iangone shee gamese swarna jitechilo. 2014 ebong 2018 saale glasgo ebong gold coaste onusthito commonwealth gamese city taar taanaa tritiya ebong choturtho uposthiti korechilen. 2015 saal theke city jatiya doler adhinayak.

seaty ruhani ciity noor amareena ruhani (janm 21 january 1987) maleshiyana filled hockey khelaadi chhe. karkirdi. aantarrashtriy hockey. seaty ruhani ruhani mailbornemaa commonwealth gamesma maleshiya maate aantarrashtriy padaarpan karyoo hatoo. tenee sharuaatthi jaj, ciity maleshiya raashtriy team mukhya aadhaar rahee chhe. navee dilhimaa dilhimaa commonwealth gamesma, cta fareethi raashtriy teamnu pratinidhitva karyoo hatoo jyaan teo dasmaa sthaane rahyaa hataa. hataa, sitiae kakamigaharama aeshiyan champiyan trophyma ghare bronz jeeteene, aek motee tournamentma potaano pratham chandrak jeetyo hato. pachhinaa maheene, teame yangonma dariyai ramatomaa suvarn padak jeetyu hatoo. cta 2014 aneey aneey glassgo aneey gold coastma satat triji aneey chothee commonwealth gamesma bhaag leedho hato. hato, ciity raashtriy teamnaa sukani chhe.

sitee ruhani sitee noor amrina ruhani (janm 21 janwari 1987) malaysia kii ack feeled hockey khilaadi hain. carrier. antarrashtriya hockey. sitee ruhani ney 2006 mein melburn mein rashtramandal khelon mein malaysia key liye apani antarrashtriya shuruat kii. apani shuruat key baad seey, city malaysia kii rashtriya team mein ack mukhya aadhar rahee hain. naee dilli mein 2010 key rashtramandal khelon mein, city ney phir seey rashtriya team kaa pratinidhitva kiya jahan way dasaven sthaan parr rahey. 2013 mein, ct ney kakamigahara mein asiai champion trophy mein kansya padak jeetkar ack pramukh tournament mein apana pahala padak jeetaa. agale maheene, team ney yangon mein samudri khelon mein swarn padak jeetaa. sitai ney 2014 aur 2018 mein glassgo aur gold coast mein khelon mein lagaatar teesari aur chauthi baar rashtramandal khelon mein bhaag liya. 2015 seey, ct rashtriya team key kaptan rahey hain.

city ruhani siti noor amareena ruhani (janana 21 janavari 1987) maleshyaada feeled hockey atagaartiyaagiddaare. vrattijeevana. antaaraashtriya hockey. hockey melbernalli nadeda kamanwealth kridakutadalli maleshya para antaaraashtriya cricketge paadaarpane maadida siti ruhani. tanna chocchala praveshada nantara, city maleshyaada rashtriya tandadalli mukhya aadhaaravaagide. 2010rahra kamanwealth kridakutadalli navadehaliyalli nadeda cityalli matte rashtriya tandavannu pratinidhisi hattane sthana galisidaru. galisidaru, city pramukha pandyaavaliyalli tanna modala padakavannu geddu, kakamigaradalli nadeda asean champiyan trophiyalli kanchina padakavannu geddaru. mundina tingalu, tandavu yangannalli nadeda samudra atagalalli chinna gedditu. 2014 mattu mattu glasgo mattu goaled kostnallina kridakutagalalli satata moorane mattu nalkane kamanwealth kridakutadalli kanisikondaru. kanisikondaru, city rashtriya tandada nayakaragiddare.

sithi ruhani malaysiayil ninnulla oru feeld hockey kalikkariyaanu sithi noor amarina ruhani (jananam 21 januvari 1987). currier. anthaaraashtra hockey. 2006ll melbonil nadanna komanvelthu gamesil maleshyaykku vendi sithi ruhani anthaaraashtra arangettam kurichu. arangettam muthal, malaysian deseeya teamil oru pradhana aadhaaramaan sitti. 2010ll newdelhiyil nadanna komanvelthu gamesil sitti veendum deseeya teamine prathinidheekarichu patthaam sthaanathethi. 2013ll, kakkamigaharayil nadanna eshyan chaambyans trophiyil venkalam nedi oru pradhana toornamentil sithi thante aadya medel nedi. adutha maasam yangonil nadanna zee gamesil team swarnam nedi. 2014lum 2018lum glassgoilum gold kosttilum nadanna gamesil thudarchayaayi moonnaamatheyum naalaamatheyum komanvelthu gamesil sitti pankedutthu. 2015 muthal deseeya teaminte captanaanu sithi.

siteey ruhani siitii noor amrina ruhani (janm 21 janewari 1987) hii maleshiyatil maidani hockey kheladu aahe. karkird. aantarrashtriy hockey. satee ruhani 2006 madhye melburn yetheel rashtrakul creeda spardhet maleshiyachya vatine aantarrashtriy padarpan kele. tichya padarpanapasun, ciity maleshiyachya rashtriy sanghat mukhya aadhar aahe. navee dilli yethe 2010 chya rashtrakul creeda spardhet, cityne punha rashtriy sanghache pratinidhitva kele, jithe teey dahavya sthanavar rahile. 2013 madhye, kakamigahara yetheel ashiyai vijetepad chashak spardhet kansyapadak jinkun, sitine eka mothya spardhet tiche pahile padak jinkale. pudhchya mahinyat, sanghane yangon yetheel sagari khelanmadhye suvarnapadak jinkale. 2014 aanee 2018 madhye, glassgo aanee goaled coast yetheel khelanmadhye, sitine salag tisya aanee chauthya rashtrakul creeda spardhanmadhye bhag ghetala. 2015 pasoon, ciity rashtriy sanghacha karnadhar aahe.

siti ruhani siti noor amarina ruhani (janma 21 janawari 1987) malesiaka field hakki kheladi hun. currier. antarrashtriya hucky. siti ruhanile sann 2006 maa mailbornema bhaeko rashtramandal khelharuma malesiaka lagi antarrashtriya debue gareki thiin. unko debyudekhi, city malesian rashtriya tolima mukhya adhar bhaeko chha. nayan delhima 2010 ko rashtramandal khelharuma, sitile feri rashtriya toliko pratinidhitwa gare jahaan tiniharu dashaun sthanma rahe. sann 2013 maa, sitile kakamigharama bhaeko asealy champions trafima ghar kansya jiteki thiin rar pramukh pratiyogitama afno pahilo padak jitin. arko mahina, tolile yangonma samudri khelharuma swarna jityo. cityle sann 2014 rar 2018 maa glasgo rar gold coastma bhaeko khelharuma lagatar tesro rar chautho rashtramandal khelharuma bhag lieki thiin. sann 2015 dekhi city rashtriya toliko kaptan raheko chha.

city ruhani siti noor amarina ruhani (janma 21 januari 1987) malaysier jane field hockey khelali. kyariyara. antarjatija hockey. 2006 masihare melabornare anusthita rajyagosthi kreedare malesia paain siti ruhani nijara antarjatija padarpana karithile. taanka debyu paratharu, city malesia jatiah dalare eka mukhya aadhara hoi rahichanti. nooadilleere 2010 rajyagosthi kreedare, city punithare jatiah dalaku pratinidhitwa karithile jeunthare semane dasham sthanare rahithile. 2013 ray, city kakamigaharare asiah champions traphire bronz jiti eka pramukh turnamentare tankara pratham padaka jitithile. taa 'para maasa, jangonre anusthita samudrika kreedare dala swarna padaka jitithila. 2014 ebong 2018 ray, glasgo ebong gold kostare khelajaithiba rajyagosthi kreedare, city tankara kramagata truteeja ebong chaturtha pradarshan karithile. 2015 masiharu city jatiah dalara adhinajaka achanti.

city ruhani city noor amrina ruhani (janam 21 janwari 1987) maleshia dee ikk feeled hockey khidari haii. carrier. antarashtari hockey. satee ruhani neey 2006 witch melburn witch rashtarmandal khedan witch maleshia laee aapni antarashtari shuruat keeti see. aapni shuruat toon lae keey hunn takk, ceaty maleshia dee rashtari team witch ikk mukkh adhaar rahee haii. naveen dilli witch 2010 deeaan rashtarmandal khedan witch, city neey firr toon rashtari team dee numaindagi keeti jitthe uh dasven sathaan 'teey rahey. sann 2013 witch, ceaty neey ikk vadde tournament witch aapna pahila tagma jittiaa, kakamigahara witch aci champions trophy witch gharr daa kaansi daa tagma jittiaa. agle maheene, team neey yangon witch samundari khedan witch soone tagma jittiaa. city neey 2014 atey 2018 witch glesgo atey gold coast witch khedan witch lagatar tiji atey chauthi rashtarmandal khedan witch hissa liaa. 2015 toon, ceaty rashtari team dee kaptani qarr rahee haii.

sitee ruhani sitee noor amarina ruhani (jananam 21 janavaree 1987) malaysia-deshasya feeled-haakee-kreedakah asti. vruttihi. antarashtriya-haakee-kridaayaam. satee ruhani 2006 tame varshe melborne-nagare kaamanvelt-kreedaasu malaysia-deshasya krute antarashtriya-kridaayaam padaarpanam krutavatee. prathama-pradarshanat aarabhy, sitee malaysia-rashtriya-dale mukhyadharita asti. 2010 tame varshe navadilli-nagare kaamanvelt-kreedaasu, city punah rashtriyadalasya pratinidhitvam krutavaan, yatra te dashame sthaane samaapyanta. 2013 tame varshe, kakamigahara-nagare asia-champions-trophy-kridaayaam kaamsyam gruham praapya, city ityeshaa pramukhe spardhayam prathamam padakam avaapnot. agrime maase yaangon-nagare samudriyakridasu dalah swarnam praapnot. 2014 tame varshe 2018 tame varshe cha, glasgo-nagare goldcoast-nagare cha kreedaasu, city, lagataram truteeyam chaturtham cha kaamanvelt-kreedaasu abhyanayt. 2015 tamaat varshaat siti-varyaha rashtriyadale naayakah asti.

chitty ruhani chitty noor amarina ruhani (prappu 21 janavari 1987) malaesiaavaich saerntha oru kazha haakki veerar aavaar. thozhil. sarvadesa haakki. chitty ruhani 2006 aam aandil melbornil nadantha commonwealth vilaiyaattukalil malaesiyaavukkaaga sarvadesa alavil arimugamaanaar. avarathu arimugaththilirunthu, chitty malaesiya thaesiya aniyil oru mukiya aathaaramaaka irunthu varukiraar. 2010 aam aandu puthiya delhiyil nadantha commonwealth vilaiyaattup poattikalil, chitty meendum thaesiya aniyai pirathinithiththuvappaduththinar, angku avarkal paththaavathu idaththil mudiththanar. 2013 aam aandil, chitty oru periya poattiyil thanathu muthal pathakkaththai ventraar, kaagamikahaaraavil aasiya sampions kooppaiyil venkalaththai veettirku eduththaar. aduththa maatham, yangonil nadantha kadal vilaiyaattukalil anii thangam ventrathu. chitty 2014 mattrum 2018 aam aandugalil clasco mattrum thanga kadarkaraiyil nadantha vilaiyaattukalil moontraavathu mattrum naankaavathu thodarchchiyaana commonwealth vilaiyaattup poattikalil thoantrinaar. 2015 muthal, chitty thaesiya aniyin kaeptanaaga irunthu varukiraar.

siti ruhani siti noor amareena ruhani (jananam 21 janavari 1987) malaysiaku chendina feeled hockey kreedaakaarini. vrutti. antarjaateeya hockey. 2006loe melbornelo jarigina commonwealth creedalalo malaysia tarafuna sithi ruhani antarjaateeya arangetram chesindi. aame tolisaarigaa aadinappati nundi, siti malaysia jaateeya jattulo pradhana paatra pooshinchindi. 2010loe newdhilleeloo jarigina commonwealth creedalalo, siti mallee jaateeya jattuku praatinidhyam vahinchi padava sthaanamlo nilichaaru. 2013loe, oka pradhana tornamentlo thana modati patakaanni geluchukunna siti, kakamigaralo asea champions trophylo kaamsya patakaanni geluchukundi. taruvaati nelaloo, yanganlo jarigina samudra aatalalo jattu bangaaru patakam saadhinchindi. 2014 mariyu 2018loe glassgo mariyu goaled coastlo jarigina commonwealth creedalalo siti varusaga moodava mariyu nalgava saari kanipinchindi. 2015 nundi, siti jaateeya jattuku keptenga unnaaru.

seeti rohani seeyati noor amrina rohani (paidaish 21 januri 1987) milaishiya say taaluq rakhnay waali eek feld haaki khilaadi haine. carrier. beenn alaqwami haaki. satee rohani nay 2006 mein melburn mein kaaman velath games mein milaishiya kay liye apnaa beenn alaqwami aaghaz kiyaa. apnay debio kay baad say seaty milaishiya kii qomi team mein eek aham bunyaad rahee hay. nayee dehli mein 2010 kay kaaman velath games mein seaty nay dobarah qomi team kii numaindagi kii jehaan wah daswein number parr rahay. 2013 mein seaty nay kakimaghar mein aisheen champines trophy mein kaansi kaa tamgha jeeth kirr eek baday tornament mein apnaa pehla tamgha jeeta. aglay mahinay team nay yangon mein see games mein talayi tamgha jeeta. seaty nay 2014 aur 2018 mein glassgo aur gold coast mein honay waalay kheelon mein dolat mushtarkah kay kheelon mein muslisil teesri aur chothi baar sharkat kii. 2015 say seaty qomi team kii kaptaan rahee haine.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6937005

Adikavi Pampa

Adikavi Pampa Kannada poet (902–955) Pampa (Kannada: ಆದಿಕವಿ ಪಂಪ) (c. 10th century), called by the honorific Ādikavi ("First Poet") was a Kannada-language Jain poet whose works reflected his philosophical beliefs. He was a court poet of Vemulavada Chalukya king Arikesari II, who was a feudatory of the Rashtrakuta king Krishna III. Pampa is best known for his epics or "Pampa Bharata", and the "Ādi purāṇa", both written in the "champu" style around c. 939. These works served as the model for all future "champu" works in Kannada. The works of Jain writers Pampa, Sri Ponna and Ranna, collectively called the "Three gems of Kannada literature", heralded the 10th century era of medieval Kannada literature. Early life. There are varying opinions about the early life and native language of Pampa. While it is commonly believed Pampa belonged to a Brahmin family that took to Jainism, their actual place of origin and native is debated. According to the trilingual inscription (in Sanskrit, Kannada and Telugu) installed by Pampa's younger brother Jinavallabha at Bommalamma Gutta in Kurikiyala village, Gangadharam mandal (in modern-day Telangana), his father was Abhimanadevaraya (also known as Bhimappayya) and mother was Abbanabbe. It also indicated that his grandfather was Abhimanachandra who belonged to the Brahmin caste and hailed from Vangiparru in Kammanadu, Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh. In the eastern Deccan ruled by Chalukyas of Vengi and Vemulavada was considered as Kannada speaking territory under the rule of Chalukyas and Rashtrakutas, noted Kannada poets like Pampa and Ponna hailed from Vengi. Kannada dynasties like Chalukyas and Rashtrakutas had dominated the whole of Deccan and the influence of the Kannada language was felt from the Kaveri and Godavari and even beyond. Hence there were many Kannada families residing in modern Telangana and Andhra Pradesh and Pampa was one of them. According to the modern Jain scholar Hampa Nagarajaiah ("Hampana"), Pampa was born in Annigeri, spent his early childhood on the banks of the nearby Varada river and his mother Abbanabbe was the granddaughter of Joyisa Singha of Annigeri in the modern Dharwad district of Karnataka state. Frequent descriptions of the beauty of the Banavasi region (in the modern Uttara Kannada district) and even the sprinkling ("abhisheka") of water from the Varada river on Arjuna's head during his coronation in Pampa's epic "Vikramarjuna Vijaya" testifies to the poet's attachment to the Banavasi region. Through the lines "aarankusamittodam nenevudenna manam banvaasi deshamam" and "puttidirdode maridumbiyaagi men kogileyaagi nandanavanadol banavaasi deshadol" he has expressed his deep attachment towards Banavasi. Poetic life. A well-travelled man, he settled down as the court poet of King Arikesari II. Flattered by his knowledge and poetic abilities, Arikesari (who possessed the title Gunarnava) conferred on him the title "Kavita Gunarnava". At the age of 39 he wrote his first masterpiece, "Ādi purāṇa", in 941, and a little later he completed Vikramarjuna Vijaya popularly known as Pampa Bharata. These two works have remained unparalleled works of classic Kannada composition. Adipurana. The "Ādi purāṇa", written in the "champu" style, a mixed form of prose and verse, is a Kannada version of the Sanskrit work by Jinasena and details in sixteen cantos the life of the first Tirthankara of Jainism, Rishabha. The work focuses in his own unique style the pilgrimage of a soul to perfection and attainment of moksha. In the work, Pampa describes the struggle for power and control over the entire world of two brothers "Bharata" and "Bahubali", sons of Rishabha. While Bahubali wins, he renounces the worldly pursuits in favor of his brother. Many Jain "puranas" of Middle Ages found a role model in this work. Notes. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

aadikobi pampa pompa (konnoroh отичи πнат), jaak adikawi ("prothom kobi") buli kuwa hoy, ejon konnor bhaxar joino kobi aasil jaar kormoi teur darxonik biswax protipholito korisil. bemulbad salukyo roja dwitiyo aarikesarir dorbaror ejon kobi, teu rastrokut rajbonxor roja tritiyo krishnor xamonto aasil. pompa teur mohakabyo baa "pompa bharot", aaru "aadi puran" ror baabe ataitkoi besi porisito, duyutai sariufale "sompu" xoilit likha hoisil. ei kambure kanadat bhobisyotor xokolu "sompu" kaamor baabe aarhi hisape kaam korisil. joino lekhok pompa, shree punna aaru rannar kormoxomuh, jaak xamuhikbhabe "konnor xahityor tinita rotno" buli kuwa hoy, modhyojugiyo konnor xahityor doxom xotikar jugor xusona korisil. prarombhik jiwan. pompar prarombhik jiwan aaru sthaniyo bhaxar bixoye bibhinno motamot aase. jodiu xadharonote biswax koraa hoy je pompa joino dhormo grohon koraa etaa brahman poriyalor aasil, teulukor prokrito utpotti aaru sthaniyo sthanor uporot bitorko aase. pompar xoru bhatri jinabollovar dwara kurikiyala gaonr bummalamma guttat (aadhunik telenganat) sthapon koraa tribhaxik xilalipi onuxori, teur pitri aasil obhimandeworai (bhimappaya buliu jonaa yaay) aaru maatri aasil obbanabe. ee eituu ingito disil je teur kokak obhimanasondro aasil ji brahman jaatir aasil aaru ondhro prodexor guntur jilaar kammanadur bhangiparur poraa aahisil. vengi aaru bemulwarar salukyoxokolor dwara xaxito pubo dekanot salukyo aaru rastrokutxokolor xaxonor odhinot konnor bhaxi onchol hisape gonyo koraa hoisil, pampa aaru punnar dore bixisto konnor kobi vengir poraa aahisil. salukyo aaru rastrokutor dore konnor rajbonxoxomuhe xomogro dekanot aadhipotyo bistar korisil aaru kanara bhaxar probhab kaberi aaru gudawarir poraa aaru aanoki iyar bahirotu onubhob koraa hoisil. xeyehe aadhunik telengana aaru ondhropadexot bohutu kanara poriyal baax korisil aaru pompa teulukor bhitorot etaa aasil. aadhunik joino pondito humpa nagorajaiya ("hompana")-ror mote, pompar jonmo hoisil anigerit, teur prarombhik xoixob nikotworti borda nodir paarot otibahito korisil aaru teur maatri abbanabe kornatok rajyor aadhunik dhorwad jilaar aanigerir joyisa xingor naati aasil. bonowaxi oncholor (aadhunik uttor konnor jilat) xoundorzor xoghonai bornona aaru aanoki pompar mohakabyo "bikromorjun bijoy" too rajyabhixekor xomoyot orjunor murot borda nodir poraa paanee sotiyai diya ("obhixek") bure bonowaxi oncholor proti kobigorakir axoktir xakhyo diye. aarongkuxamitudom nenebhudenna monom bonowaxi dexom" aaru "puttidirdud maridumbiyagi menn kugiliyagi nondabhonadul bonowaxidexdul" dharar joriyote teu bonowaxir proti nijor gobhir axokti prokax korise. kobitar jiwan. ejon xu-bhromonkari byokti hisape teu roja dwitiyo orikexarir dorbaror kobi hisape sthayibhabe boxbax korisil. teur gyan aaru kabyik xamorthyot proxongxa laabh kori orikesariye (jigorakir gunornob upadhi aasil) teuk "kobita gunornob" upadhi prodan korisil. 39 bosor boyoxot teu 941 sonot teur prothom shrestho kriti "aadi puran" likhisil, aaru olop pisot teu pompa bharot naamere jonopriyo bikromorjun bijoy xompurno korisil. ei dukhon gronthoi shrestho konnor rosonar otuloniyo grontho hoiyei aase. aadipurona. sompu" xoilit likha "aadi puran", godyo aaru slokor ek misrito rup, hoise jinxenor xongoskrito gronthor ek konnor xongskoron aaru xullota khondot joino dhormor prothom tirthongkor rixobhor jiwanor biboron. ei kamtuwe teur nijor ononyo xoilit ek aatmar tirthojatrar uporot gurutwo aarup kore, ji hoise nikhutota aaru mukhyor prapti. ei gronthokhonot pompawe rixobhor putro dujon bhatri "bharot" aaru "bahuboli" ror xomogro prithibir uporot khyomota aaru niyontronor xonggramor bornona korise. bahuboli joyee huwar xomoyote teu nijor bhatrir pokhyot xangxarik onudhabon tyag kore. modhyojugiyo bohutu joino "puran"-e ei kaamtut ek aadorxo bisari paisil.

adikavi pampa pompa (kannadah отичи πнат), jaake sommanito adikavi ("prothom cobby") bolla hoy, chhilen kannad bhasar ekjon joino cobby, jaar rachanaguli taanr darshonik biswaske protifolito korey. tini chhilen rashtrakut rajbongsher raja tritiya krishner samanta, jini chhilen bemulabad chalukya raja dwitiya orikesorir rajsabhar cobby. pampa taanr mahakabya baa "pampa bharat" ebong "aadi puran"-err jonno sabcheye beshi porichito, ubhayi charpashe "champu" shoilite lekha. eyi kajguli kannader bhabishyater samasta "champu" kaajer jonno adarsha hisabe kaaj korechilo. joino lekhok pompa, shree ponna ebong ranna, jaader sommilitobhabe "kannad sahityer tinti ratna" bolla hoy, taader rachanaguli madhyayugiya kannad sahityer 10maum shatabdir suchona korey. prathomik jeebon. pumper prathomik jeebon ebong sthaniya bhasha somporke bivinno motamot royeche. jodio etty sadharonoto biswas koraa hoy jey pompa ekti brahman poribarer ontorgoto chhilo jaaraa joino dhormo grohon korechilo, taader prokrito utpotti ebong sthaniya sthan niye bitorko royeche. gangadharam mondoler (adhunik telengana) kurikiala gramer bommalamma gutta pomper chhoto bhai jinaballabh dwara sthapito tribhashik shilalipi (sangaskrito, kannad ebong telegu bhasay) onusare, taanr baba chhilen abhimandevrai (bhimappaya nameo porichito) ebong maa chhilen abnabbe. etty arow ingito korey jey taanr pitamaha chhilen abhimanachandra jini brahman borner chhilen ebong andhrapradesher guntur jelara kammanadur bangiparu theke esechilen. vengi oo bemulbader chalukyoder dwara shasito purbo dakkhinatte chalukya oo rashtrokutder shasoner adhine kannad bhashi anchal hisabe bibechito hoto, pampa oo ponnar moto bishishto kannad kobira vengi theke esechilen. chalukya oo rashtrokuter moto kannad rajbongsho somogro dakkhinatter upor adhipatya bistar korechilo ebong kannad bhasar prabhab kaberi oo godavari emonki err baireo anubhuto hoyechilo. taai adhunik telengana oo andhrapradeshe onek kannad poribar bosobas koroto ebong taader modhye pampa onnotomo chhilo. adhunik joino pondito humpa nagrazaiah ("humpana")-err motey, pompa anigerite jonmogrohon korechilen, taanr shaishab nikatbarti boroda nadeer teere katiechilen ebong taanr maa abbanabbe kornatok rajyer adhunik dharwad jelara anigerir jayisa singher natni chhilen. banobasi anchaler (adhunik uttora kannad jelaay) soundorjer ghono ghono bornona ebong emonki pumper mahakabya vikramarjun bijoy-ayee taanr rajyabhisheker somoy arjuner mathay boroda nodee theke joll chhitano (abhishek) bonobasi anchaler proti kobir asoktir sakkhyo deyo. arankusamitodam nenevudenna manam bonobasi deshmam" ebong "puttidirdod maridumbiagi meena kogiliagi nandanavnadol banabasideshadol" liner madhyome tini bonobasider proti taanr govir anurag prakash korechen. kobitar jeebon. ekjon shoo-bhromonkari byakti, tini raja dwitiya orikesorir dorbare cobby hisabe sthayibhabe bosobas shuru corren. taanr gyan oo kabbik dokkhotai mugdho hoye, orikesari (jini gunanab upadhi dharon korechilen) taanke "kobita gunanab" upadhi pradan corren. 39 bochor boyse tini 941 khristabde taanr prothom shrestho kriti 'aadi puran' rachona corren ebong kichudin porey tini pompa bharat naame porichito vikramarjun bijoy somponno corren. eyi duti rachona dhrupadi kannad rachonar atulaniya rachona hisabe roye geche. adipuran. champu" shoilite likhito "aadi puran", goddo oo shloker ekti mishra roop, jinsener sangaskrito rachonar ekti kannad sanskaran ebong sholti khande joinodhormer prothom tirthankar rishabh-err jeeboner biboron royeche. eyi kaajti taanr nijaswa ananya shoilite poripurnota ebong mokkho orjoner jonno atmar tirthojatrake kendra korey. eyi rachonai, rishabh-putro dui bhai "bharat" ebong "bahubali"-err somogro bishwer upor khomota oo niyantraner sangramer bornona deoa hoyeche. bahubali jitale, seey taar bhaiyer pokkhe parthib sadhona tyag korey. modhyojuger onek joino "puran" eyi kaaje ekti adarsha khunje peyeche.

aadikvi pampaa pampaa (kannadah отичи πнат), jene sanmaanneey aadikvi ("pratham kavee") tareeke odakhvaamaa aave chhe, teey kannad bhashana jaine kavee hataa, jaimnee kruteeo temnee daarshneek manyataone pratibimbit karey chhe. vemulvaad chaalukya raajaa arikesari dhvitiyanaa darbari kavee, teo rashtrakoot rajvanshna raajaa krushna trutiyanaa saamant hataa. pampaa temnaa mahakavyo athavaa "pampaa bhaarat" aneey "aadee puraan" maate jaanita chhe, jeey banne "champu" shailima lakhaayela chhe. aaa kruteeo kannadma bhavishyanaa tamaam "champu" kruteeo maate aadarsh tareeke kaama karatee hatee. jaine lekhako pampaa, shree ponna aneey rannani kruteeo, jene saamuhik reete "kannad sahityanaa trana ratno" kahevama aave chhe, teey madhyayugin kannad sahityanaa sahityanaa sadeena yugnee sharuaat karey chhe. praarambhik jeevan. pampa naa praarambhik jeevan aneey mool bhaasha vishe viveedh mantavyo chhe. jyaare saamanya reete aevu manvama aave chhe keey pampaa aek braahman parivaarno hato jene jaine dharm apnaavyo hato, tyaare temnaa mool aneey mool sthaan parr charcha thaay chhe. pampa naa naana bhaai jinavallabha dwara kurikiyala gaammaan bommalamma gutta khaate sthaapit tribhashi shilalekh (sanskrut, kannad aneey telugumaa) anusaar, temnaa pitaa abhimandevray (bhimappaya tareeke pann odakhaay chhe) aneey maataa abbanabbe hataa. teey aee pann soochave chhe keey temnaa daadaa abhimanchandra braahman jaatinaa hataa aneey aandhra pradeshnaa guntur jeellana kammanaduna vangiparuthi hataa. vengi aneey vemulwadana chaalukyo dwara shaasit purveey dakkhanma chaalukya aneey rashtrakutna shaasan hethal kannad bhaashi pradesh manvama aavto hato, pampaa aneey ponna jevaa jaanita kannad kaveeo vengithi aavyaa hataa. chaalukya aneey rashtrakoot jevaa kannad rajvanshoae samagr dakkhan parr prabhutva jamaavyu hatoo aneey kannad bhashano prabhaav kaaveri aneey godaavari aneey tenaathi pann aagad anubhavaayo hato. tethee aadhunik telanganama ghanaa kannad parivaaro raheta hataa aneey aandhra pradesh aneey pampaa temathi aek hataa. aadhunik jaine vidhvaan humpa nagarajaiah ("humpana") anusaar, pampaae potaanu baadpan annigerima vitaavyu hatoo, aneey tenee maataa abbanabbe karnatak rajyanaa aadhunik dharwad jeellama annigerina joyisa singhani pautri hatee. banvasi pradesh (aadhunik uttar kannad jeellama) nee sundartaanu vaaramvaar varnan aneey pampnaa mahakavya vikramarjun vijayma arjunnaa rajyabhishhek darmiyan tenaa maatha parr varadaa nadimathi paanee chhantvu ("abhishek") pann banvasi pradesh saathena kaveena lagaavnee sakshi aape chhe. arankusamittodam nevedenna manam banvasi desham" aneey "puttidirdod maridumbiyagi meena kogilyagi nandanadol banvasidadol" pankteeo dwara temane banvasi pratye potaano undo lagaav vyakt karyo chhe. kavyatmak jeevan. aek saaree reete musafari karnaar maanas, teey raajaa arikesari dhvitiyanaa darbari kavee tareeke sthaayi thayo. temnaa gyaan aneey kavyatmak kshamataothi khush, arikesari (jeey gunarnav sheershak dharaavtaa hataa) temne "kaveeta gunarnav" noon birud aapyu hatoo. 39 varshnee ummare temane temane temnee pratham shreshth krutee 'aadee puraan' lakhee hatee aneey thodaa samay pachhi temane vikramarjun vijay purn karyo hato, jeey lokpreey reete pampa bhaarat tareeke odakhaay chhe. aaa banne kruteeo utkrusht kannad rachnani aprateem kruteeo rahee chhe. adipuran. chaampu" shailima lakhaayel "aadee puraan", gadhya aneey shloknu mishra swaroop, jainsen dwara sanskrut kaaryanu kannad sanskaran chhe aneey jaine dharmnaa pratham tirthankar, rushabhnaa jeevanni vigato sola khandoma chhe. aaa kaary potaani ananya shailima aatmani paripurnataa aneey mokshnee praapti maateni yaatra parr dhyaan kendrit karey chhe. aaa kruteema, pampaa aee rushabhnaa putro, beey bhaaio "bharat" aneey "bahubali" naa samagr vishva parr sattaa aneey niyantran maatena sangharshnu varnan karey chhe. jyaare bahubali jeete chhe, tyaare teey tenaa bhaaini tarfenma duniyana shokhno tyaag karey chhe. madhya yugnaa ghanaa jaine "puraano" neey aaa kaaryamaa aek aadarsh malyun.

aadikavi pampa pampa (kannadah отичи πнат), jinhen aadikavi ("pratham kavi") kahaa jaataa haye, kannad bhasha key ack jaine kavi they, jinake karyon mein unaki daarshanik maanyataaen parilakshit hoti theen. vemulvaad chalukya raajaa arikesari dwiteeya key darbari kavi, way rashtrakoot rajvansh key raajaa krishna tritiya key samanti they. pampa koo unake mahakavyon yaa "pampa bhaarat" aur "aadi puraan" key liye jaanaa jaataa haye, donon koo "champu" shally mein likhaa gayaa haye. inn karyon ney kannad mein bhavishya key sabhi "champu" karyon key liye aadarsh key roop mein kaam kiya. jaine lekhakon pampa, shree ponna aur ranna kii kritiyon, jinhen saamoohik roop seey kannad saahitya key teen ratna kahaa jaataa haye, ney madhyayugeen kannad saahitya key 10veen shatabdi key yug kii shuruat kii. praarambhik jeevan. pampa key praarambhik jeevan aur mool bhasha key baare mein alag-alag raay hain. jabaki aam taur parr yeh maanaa jaataa haye kii pampa ack brahmin parivaar seey sambandhit thaa joe jaine dharm koo apanaata thaa, unake mool aur mool sthaan parr bahas haye. gangadharam mandal (aadhunik telangana mein) key kurikiyala gaanv key bommalamma gutta mein pampa key chhote bhaai jinavallabh dwara sthaapit tribhashi shilalekh (sanskrit, kannad aur telugu mein) key anusaar, unake pitaa abhimandevray (bhimappayya key naam seey bhee jaane jaate hain) they aur unaki maan abnabbe theen. isane yeh bhee sanket diyaa kii unake daadaa abhimanchandra they joe brahmin jaati seey they aur aandhr pradesh key guntur jile key kammanadu key vangiparu key rahane vaale they. vengi aur vemulvaad key chalukyon dwara shaasit purvi dakkan mein chalukyon aur rashtrakooton key shasson key tahat kannad bhashi kshetra maanaa jaataa thaa, pampa aur ponna jaise prasiddh kannad kavi vengi seey they. chalukya aur rashtrakoot jaise kannad rajvanshon kaa poore dakkan parr prabhutva thaa aur kannad bhasha kaa prabhaav kaveri aur godawari aur usase bhee aage taka mahsoos kiya gayaa thaa. isaliye aadhunik telangana aur aandhr pradesh mein kaee kannad parivaar rahate they aur pampa unamen seey ack thaa. aadhunik jaine vidwan humpa nagarajaiah ("humpna") key anusaar, pampa kaa janm annigeri mein huaa thaa, unhone apana praarambhik bachpan paas kii varada nadee key tata parr bitaaya thaa aur unaki maan abnabbe karnatak raajya key aadhunik dharwad jile mein annigeri kii joyisa sinh kii poti theen. banwasi kshetra (aadhunik uttar kannad jile mein) kii sundarta kaa baar-baar varnan aur yahaan taka kii pampa key mahakavya vikramarjun vijay mein arjun key rajyabhishek key dauran unake sir parr varada nadee seey paani kaa chhidkaav (abhishek) bhee banwasi kshetra key prati kavi key lagaav kii gawahi detaa haye. arankusamittodam nenevudenna manam banwasi deshamam" aur "puttidirdod maridumbiyagi purush kogiliyagi nandanadandol banwasideshdol" panktiyon key madhyam seey unhone banwasi key prati apana gahara lagaav vyakt kiya haye. kavya jeevan. ack achchi tarah seey yatra karane vaale vyakti, way raajaa arikesari dwiteeya key darbari kavi key roop mein buss gaye. unake gyaan aur kavya kshamataon seey prasann, arikesari (jinake paas gunanav kii upaadhi thee) ney unhein "kavita gunanav" kii upaadhi seey sammaanit kiya. 39 varsh kii ayu mein unhone 941 mein apani pahali utkrisht kriti, "aadi puraan" likhi, aur kuchh samay baad unhone vikramarjun vijay puuraa kiya, jise pampa bhaarat key naam seey jaanaa jaataa haye. yeye donon kritiyaan utkrisht kannad rachana kii advitiya kritiyaan bunny hui hain. adipuran. aadi puraan", "champu" shally mein likhaa gayaa, joe gadya aur padya kaa ack mishrit roop haye, jinsen dwara sanskrit kriti kaa ack kannad sanskaran haye aur solah khandon mein jaine dharm key pahale tirthankar, rishabh key jeevan kaa vivaran haye. yeh kaary apani anoothi shally mein ack aatma kii poornata aur moksh kii praapti kii tirthayatra parr kendrit haye. iss kriti mein, pampa ney rishabh key dou putron, "bharat" aur "bahubali" key poore sansar parr satta aur niyantran key liye sangharsh kaa varnan kiya haye. jabaki bahubali jeetata haye, vaha apane bhaai key paksh mein saansaarik karyon koo tyag detaa haye. madhya yug key kaee jaine puraanon koo iss kaam mein ack aadarsh paaya gayaa.

aadikavi pampa pampa (kannadah отичи πнат), gouravaanvita aadikavi ("modala kavi") endu kareyalpaduva kannada bhasheya jaina kaviyagiddu, avara krutigalu avara tatvika nambikegalannu pratibimbisuttave. vemulavaada chalukya raaja eradane arikesariya asthaana kaviyagidda aata, rashtrakoota rajavamshada raajanaada moorane krishnana uligamaanyanaagiddanu. pampa tanna mahaakaavyagalige athawa "pampa bhaarata" mattu "aadi puraana" kke hesaruvaasiyaagide, iveradoo "champu" shailiyalli bareyalpattive. ee krutigalu kannadadalli bhavishyada ellah "champu" krutigalige maadariyaagi kaaryanirvahisive. jaina barahagararada pampa, shree ponna mattu rannah avara krutigalu ottaareyaagi "kannada saahityada mooru ratnagalu" endu kareyalpaduttave, idu madhyakaalina kannada saahityada 10neey shatamaanada yugavannu ghoshisitu. arambhika jeevana. pampaada arambhika jeevana mattu sthaliya bhasheya bagge vividha abhiprayagalive. pampa jainadharmakke serida brahmina kutumbakke seridavanu endu samanyavagi nambalaagiddaroo, avara nijavaada moola mattu sthaliya sthalada bagge charchisalaagide. pampa avara kiriya sahodara jinavallabha avaru kurikiyala graamada bommalamma guttaadalli (aadhunika telangaanadalli) sthaapisida tribhasha shaasanada prakara, avara tande abhimanadevaraya (bhimappaiah endoo kareyuttaare) mattu taayi abbanabbe aagiddaru. idu aatana ajja abhimanchandra brahmina jaatige seridavaraagiddaru mattu andhra pradeshada gunturu jilleya kammanadu jilleya vangiparu mooladavaraagiddaru embudannu saha soochisuttade. purvada dakkan nalli, vengiya chaalukyaru mattu vemulavaadaru aalida kaaladalli, chaalookyaru mattu rashtrakootara aalvikeyalli kannada maatanaaduva pradeshavendu pariganisalaagittu, pampa mattu ponnarantaha prasiddha kannada kavigalu vengiyinda bandavaru. chaalukyaru mattu rashtrakootagalantaha kannada rajavamshagalu idee dakkan mele praabalya hondiddavu mattu kannada bhasheya prabhaavavannu kaveri mattu godawari mattu adaraachegu anubhavisalaayitu. aaddarinda aadhunika telangaana mattu andhra pradeshadalli aneka kannada kutumbagalu vaasisuttiddavu mattu pampa avugalalli ondaagittu. aadhunika jaina vidvaamsa humpa nagarajayya ("hampana") prakara, pampa avaru annigeriyalli janisidaru, tamma baalyavannu hattirada varada nadiya dadadalli kaledaru mattu avara taayi abbanabbe avaru karnataka rajyada aadhunika dharwada jilleya annigeriya jaisa singa avara mommagalaagiddaru. banavasi pradeshada (aadhunika uttara kannada jilleyalli) soundaryada bagegina aagaagge vivaranegalu mattu arjunan pattaabhishekada samayadalli avana taleya mele varada nadiyinda neerannu chimukisuvudu (abhisheka) kooda pampa mahakavyavada "vikramarjuna vijaya" dalli banavasi pradeshada bagge kaviya bandhavyavannu saakshiyaagide. arankusamittodam nevednena manam banavasi deshamam" mattu "puttidirdod maridumbiyagi purusharu kogilyagi nandanadol banavasideshadol" saalugala moolaka avaru banavasi bagge tamma aalavaada bandhavyavannu vyaktapadisiddaare. kaavyaatmaka jeevana. uttama prayanada vyaktiyagidda aata, eradane arikesariya aasthaanada kaviyagi nelesidaru. avara gnaana mattu kaavyaatmaka saamarthyagalinda hogalida arikesari (gunarnava emba birudannu hondidda) avarige "kavita gunarnava" emba birudannu niididaru. 39neey vayassinalli avaru tamma modala merukruti, "aadi puraana" vannu 941ralli baredaru, mattu swalpa samayada nantara avaru pampa bhaarata endu janapriyavagi kareyalpaduva vikramarjuna vijayavannu poornagolisidaru. ee eradu krutigalu shreshtha kannada samyojaneya saatiyillada krutigalaagi ulidive. adipurana. champu" shailiyalli bareyalaada "aadi puraana", gadya mattu padyada mishra roopavaagiddu, jainasena samskruta krutiya kannada aavruttiyaagide mattu jaina dharmada modala tirthankaranaada rishabhana jeevanada hadinaaru cantosnalli vivaragalannu hondide. ee krutiyu tannade aada vishishta shailiyalli, paripoornate mattu mokshada saadhanege aatmada tirthayaatreyannu kendrikarisuttade. krutiyalli, pampa, rshabha putraraada "bharata" mattu "bahubali" emba ibbaru sahodarara idee jagattina mele adhikara mattu niyantranakkagi nadeda horaatavannu vivarisuttaare. bahubali gelluvaaga, avanu tanna sahodarana paravagi laukika anveshanegalannu tyajisuttaane. madhyayugadallidda aneka jaina puraanagalu ee krutiyalli ondu aadarshaprayavada patravannu kandukondavu.

aadikavi pamba addehathinte daarshanika vishwaasangale prathifalippikkunna kannada bhasha jaina kaviyayirunnu aadikaavi ("aadya kavi") ennu vilikkappedunna pamba (kannada отичи πнат). vemulavaada chaalookya rajaavaaya arikesari randaamante kottara kaviyaayirunna addeham raashtrakooda raajavamshathile moonnaamathe krishna raajaavinte saamanthanaayirunnu. pampa bharatham" enna ithihaasathinum "chambu" shailiyil ezhuthiya "aadhi puraana" thinum perukettathaanu pamba. eee kruthikal kannadayile bhaaviyile ellah "chambu" kruthikalkkum maathrkayaayi pravarthichu. kannada saahithyathile moonnu rathnangal" ennu koottaayi vilikkappedunna jaina ezhuthukaaraaya pamba, shree ponna, ranna ennivarude kruthikal patthaam noottaandile madhyakala kannada saahithyathinte yugathinu thudakkam kurichu. aadyakaala jeevitam. pambayude aadyakaala jeevithathekkurichum maathrubhaashayekkurichum vyathyastha abhipraayangalundu. jainamathathilekku sweekaricha oru braahmana kudumbatthil pettayaalaan pambayennu pothuve vishwasikkappedunnumdum, avarude yadhaartha uthbhavasthaanavum thaddesheeyavumaaya charchakal nadakkunnundu. pambayude ilaya sahodaran jinnavallabha (samskritham, kannada, telung bhashakalil) gangadharam mandalatthile (innathe thelankaanayil) kurikkiyala graamatthile bommalamma guttayil sthaapicha tribhasha likhitham anusarichu, addehathinte pithaav abhimaanadevaraaya (bheemappaiah ennum ariyappedunnu), amma abanabbe aayirunnu. addehathinte muthachan braahmana jathiyilppettavanum aandhraapradeshile gundur jillayile kammanaattile vangiparu swadeshiyaaya abhimaanachandranaanennum ithu soochippikkunnu. vengiyileyum vemulavadayileyum chaalookyar bharichirunna kizhakkan decanil chaalookyarudeyum raashtrakoodarudeyum bharanathin keezhil kannada samsaarikkunna pradeshamaayi kanakkaakkappettirunna pamba, ponna thudangiya prashastha kannada kavikal vengiyil ninnullavaraayirunnu. chaalukyar, raashtrakoodar thudangiya kannada rajavamshangal decan muzhuvan aadhipathyam pularthiyirunnathinaal kannada bhaashayude swaadheenam kaaveriyil ninnum godawarik puratthum anubhavapettu. athinaal aadhunika thelankaanayilum aandhraapradeshilum niravadhi kannada kudumbangal thaamasichirunnu, pamba athilonnaanu. aadhunika jaina pandithanaaya humpa nagarajayya ("hampana") parayunnathanusarichu, pamba janichathu annagiriyilaan, thante kuttikkalam aduthulla varada nadiyude theerathaanu chelavazhichathu, amma abbanbe karnaadakayile aadhunika dharwad jillayile annagiriyile joyisa singayude kochumakal aayirunnu. banavasi mekhalayude (aadhunika uthara kannada jillayile) soundaryathekkurichulla pathiv vivaranangalum, ambayude ithihaasamaaya vikramarjuna vijaya kireedadhaarana velayil arjunante thalayil varada nadiyil ninnu vellam thalikkunnathum (abhishekam) kaviyude banavasi pradeshathodulla aduppathinu saakshyam vahikkunnu. aarankusaamithodu nevedenna maanam banwasi deshamam", "puttidirdod maridumbiyagi purushanmaar kogileyagi nandanavanadol banavaasideshadol" ennee varikaliloode addeham banavaasikalodulla thante aazhathilulla aduppam prakadippichittundu. kavyajeevitham. nannayi yaatra cheytha addeham arikesari randaaman raajaavinte kottara kaviyayi sthirathaamasamaakki. addehathinte arivum kaavyathmaka kazhivukalum kondu prashamsikkapetta arikesari (gunarnava enna padavi vahichavar) addehathinu "kavita gunarnava" enna padavi nalki. 39-aamm vayassil addeham thante aadya maastarpees, "aadhi puraana", 941-ll ezhuthi, kurachu samayathinu sesham addeham pamba bharatham ennariyappedunna vikramarjuna vijaya poortthiyaakki. eee rund kruthikalum parambaraagatha kannada rachanayude samaanathakalillaatha kruthikalaayi thudarunnu. aadipuraanam. gadyathinteyum padyatthinteyum sammishra roopamaaya "chambu" shailiyil ezhuthiya "aadhi puraana", jainamathathile aadyathe theerthankaranaaya rishabhante jeevithathekkurichulla pathinaar khandangalil vivarikkunna jinnasenayude samskritha kruthiyude kannada pathippaanu. aathmaavinte poornathayilekkulla theerthaadanavum moksham nedalum addehathinte savisheshamaaya shailiyil eee kruthi kendreekarikkunnu. rishabhante puthranmaraaya "bharathan", "bahubali" ennee rund sahodaranmaarude lokathinte mail adhikaarathinum niyanthranathinumulla pooraattatthe pamba eee kruthiyil vivarikkunnu. bahubali vijayikkumbol, addeham thante sahodaran anukoolamaayi laukikamaaya karyangal upekshikkunnu. madhyakaalakhattatthile niravadhi jaina puranangal eee kruthiyil oru maathruka kandethi.

aadikavi pampa pampa (kannadah отичи πнат), jyala aadikavi ("pahile kavee") mhanatat, heey kannad bhashetil jaine kavee hote, jyanchya karyanmadhye tyanchya tatvik shraddha pratibimbit hotat. vemulvad chalukya raja arikesari dusra yacha darbari kavee, too rashtrakoot rajvanshacha raja krishna tisra yacha saranjami hota. pampa tyachya mahakavyansathi kinwa "pampa bharat" aanee "aadi puran" yaa donhisathi prasiddha aahe, jeey donhihi "champu" shailit lihilele aahet. yaa kamanni kannadatil bhavishyatil serve "champu" kamansathi aadarsh mhanoon kaam kele. jaine lekhak pampa, shree ponna aanee rannah yanchya karyanni, jyanna ektritpane kannad sahityache teen ratna mhatale jaate, madhyayugeen kannad sahityachya 10 vya shatkatil yugachi ghoshana kelee. prarambhik jeevan. pampachya prarambhik jivanabaddal aanee mool bhashebaddal vegvegali matey aahet. pampa heey jaine dharm dharm brahman kutumbatil hote asey samanyatah manale jaat asale taree, tyanche mool aanee mool thikan yavar vaad aahe. pampacha dhakata bhau jinavallabh yane kurikiyala gavatil bommalamma gutta yethe (aadhunik telanganatil) sthapit kelelya tribhashik shilalekhat (sanskrut, kannad aanee telugumadhye), tyache vadil abhimandevray (bhimappayya mhanoonahi olakhale jaatat) aanee aaee abanabbe hotee. tyache aajoba abhimanachandra heey brahman jaatiche hote aanee aandhra pradeshatil guntur jilhyatil kammanadu yetheel vangiparuche rahivasi hote, asehi tyat soochit kele gele. vengi aanee vemulvadachya chalukyanni rajya kelelya purvekadil dakkanmadhye, chalukya aanee rashtrakutanchya rajvatit kannad bhashik pradesh manla jaat asey, pampa aanee ponna yansarkhe prasiddha kannad kavee vengiche hote. chalukya aanee rashtrakoot yansarkhya kannad rajvanshanch sampoorn dakkanvar varchasva hote aanee kannad bhashecha prabhav kaveri aanee godavari aanee tyapalikadehi jaanavala. tyamule aadhunik telangana aanee aandhra pradeshat anek kannad kutumbe rahat hotee aanee pampa tyapaiki eka hotee. aadhunik jaine vidwan humpa nagarajayya (humpna) yanchya matey, pampa yancha janm annigeri yethe jhaala, tyanni tyanche balpan jawalchya varad nadichya kathavar ghalavale aanee tyanchi aaee abanabbe hii karnatak rajyatil aadhunik dharwad jilhyatil annigerichya joyisa sing yanchi natoo hotee. banvasi pradeshachya (aadhunik uttar kannad jilhyatil) saundaryache varanvar varnan aanee agadi arjunchya rajyabhishekachya velee tyachya dokyavar varada naditoon paanee shimpadane (abhishek) heey dekhil pampachya 'vikramarjun vijay' yaa mahakavyat kavinchya banvasi pradeshashi asalelya aasaktichi saksh dete. arankusamittodam nenevudenna manam banvasi desham' aanee 'puttidirdod maridumbiyagi maine kogiliyagi nandanadanadol banvasideshadol' yaa olinchya madhyamatoon tyanni banvasiprati aapale sakhol aakarshan vyakt kele aahe. kavyatmak jeevan. eka changla pravas karnara manus, too raja arikesari dusra yacha darbari kavee mhanoon sthayik jhaala. tyanchya dnyan aanee kavyatmak kshamatanmule prasann houn, arikesari (jyanna gunarnav hii padvi hotee) yanni tyanna 'kavita gunarnav' hii padvi pradan kelee. vayachya 39 vya varshi tyanni 941 madhye 'aadi puran' hii tyanchi pahili utkrusht krutee lihili aanee thodya velane tyanni pampa bharat mhanoon lokpriy asalela vikramarjun vijay purn keela. hii done kaame abhijat kannad rachanechi atulaneey kaame rahili aahet. aadipuran. champu' shailit lihilele 'aadi puran', gadya aanee padya yanche mishra roop, hii jinsenchya sanskrut granthachi kannad aavrutti aahe aanee jaine dharmachya pahilya tirthankar hrushabhchya jivanacha tapasheel sola khandanmadhye aahe. aatmyachi paripoornata aanee mokshapraptisathichi tirthayatra, heey kaam tyachya swatachya adviteey shailit kendrit aahe. yaa pustakat, pampa yanni hrushabhache putra 'bharat' aanee 'bahubali' yaa done bhavanchya sampoorn jagavar satta aanee niyantranasathichya sangharshache varnan kele aahe. bahubali jinkato, tarr too tyachya bhavachya bajoone sansarik kamancha tyag karato. madhyayugatil anek jaine "purananna" yaa karyat aadarsh aadhalale.

adikawi pampa pampa (kannadah awahиawah aaaнат) (), sammanit adikawi ("pratham kawi") dwara chinine kannad bhashaka jaina kawi thie jasko karyaharule unko darshanik vishwaslai pratibimbit gardacha. vemulwad chalukya raja arikesari dwitiyaka darbari kawi, uni rashtrakuta wanshaka raja krishna tritiyaka samanta thie. pampalai unka mahakawyaharu wa "pampa bharat" rar "adi puran" kaa lagi chininchha, duwai "champu" shailima lekhieka chhan. yee karyaharule kannadma bhawishyaka sabai "champu" karyaharuka lagi adarshako rupma kaam gare. jaina lekhak pampa, shree ponna rar rannaka kritiharu, jaslai samuhik rupma "kannad sahityaka tinn ratnaharu" bhaninchha, madhyayugin kannad sahityako 10 aun shatabdiko yugko ghoshana gare. prarambhik jiwan. pampako prarambhik jiwan rar matribhashaka barema vibhinna vicharharu chhan. jabki yo samanyataya vishwas garinchha kii pampa jaina dharmama line brahman pariwarsanga sambandhit thiyo, tiniharuko wastawik utpatti rar muel sthan bahas chha. pampaka kanchho bhai jinawallabhale kurikiala gaaunko bommalamma guttama (adhunik samayaka telanganama) sthapit gareko tribhashi shilalekh (sanskrit, kannad rar teleguma) anusar unka buba abhimandevraya (bhimappayya pani bhaninchha) rar amah abbanabbe thie. yasale unka hazurbuba abhimanachandra thie jo brahman jatika thie rar andhra pradeshko guntur jillako kammanaduko wangiparubata aeka thie bhanne pani sanket gareko chha. purvi dekkanma, bhengi rar vemulwadaka chalukyaharudwara shasit, chalukya rar rashtrakutharuko shasanma kannad bhashi khetra maninthyo, pampa rar ponna jasta prakhyat kannad kawiharu bhengibata aeka thie. chalukya rar rashtrakuta jasta kannad rajwanshharule sampurna dekkanma prabhutwa jamaeka thie rar kannad bhashako prabhawa kaweri rar godawari rar bahira pani mahasus garieko thiyo. tyasaile adhunik telengana rar andhra pradeshharuma dherai kannad pariwarharu basobas garthe rar pampa tiniharumadhe ek thiyo. adhunik jaina vidwan hampa nagarajaiah (hampana) kaa anusar pampako janma anigerima bhaeko thiyo, unle afno prarambhik balyakal najikaiko warad nadiko kinarma bitaeka thie rar unaki amah abbanabbe karnatak rajyako adhunik dharwad jillako anigeriko joyisa sinhaki natini thiin. banawasi kshetrako (adhunik uttar kannad jillama) saudaryako barambar warnan rar pampako mahakawya "vikramarjun vijaya" maa arjunko rajyabhishekko kramama unko taukoma warada nadibata pani chharkai ("abhishek") pani banawasi kshetrapratiko kawiko lagawako praman how. arankusamitodam nenevudenna manam banawasi deshamam" rar "puttidirdod maridumbiagi maine kogiliagi nandanwandol banawasideshadol" lineharu marfat unle banawasipratiko afno gahiro lagawa wyakta gareka chhan. kawya jiwan. ek ramro yatra garne manis, uni raja arikesari dwitiyako darbari kawika rupma basobas gare. unko gyan rar kawyatmak kshamataharubata prasanna bhaera, arikesari (jo gunarnawa upadhi dharan garthe) ley unlai "kawita gunarnawa" upadhi pradan gare. 39 warshako umerma unle afno pahilo utkrishta kriti, "adi puran", 941 maa lekhe, rar kehi samayapachi unle pampa bharat bhanera lokpriya vikramarjun vijaya pura gare. yee dui kritiharu utkrishta kannad rachanaka atulaniya kritiharu baneka chhan. adipuran. champu" shailima lekhieko "adi puran", gadya rar padako mishrit roop, jinasenko sanskrit karyako kannad sanskaran how rar jaina dharmaka pratham tirthankar, rishabhko jiwanka barema sohra khandaharuma vivaran chha. yass karyale afnai adwitiya shailima purnatako lagi atmako tirthayatra rar mokshako praptima kendrit gardacha. yass kritima, pampale rishabhka chhoraharu, dui bhaiharu "bharat" rar "bahubali"-ko sampurna sansarma shakti rar niyantranka lagi sangharshako warnan gareka chhan. bahubali jitda, usale afno bhaiko pakshama sansarik khojharu tyagchha. madhya yugka dherai jaina "puran"-ley yass kritima adarsha pae.

aadikabi pampa pampa (kannadah отичи πнат), sammanita aadikabhi ("pratham kabi") nka dwara janashuna, jane kannad bhasara jaina kabi thile, jahanka rachna taanka darshanika biswasaku pratiphalita karithila. shay bemulabada chalukya raja raja darbari kabi thile, shay rastrakoot rajabanshara raja raja samanta thile. pampa taanka mahakabya kimba "pampa bharat" ebong "aadi purana" paain janashuna, ubhaja charipakhare "champu" saileere lekhajaichhi . ehi karjyagudika bhabishyatare kannadare hebaku thiba samasta "champu" karjya paain adarsha bhabe karjya karithila. jaina lekhaka pampa, shree ponna ebong rannanka rachna, jaahaaku samuhika bhabare "kannad sahityara tinoti ratna" kuhajae, madhyajugeeja kannad sahityara 10maha shatabdir jugaku suchana deithila. prarambhika zeeban. pampanka prarambhika zeeban ebong sthaniah bhasha bishajare bhinna bhinna mott rahichhi. jadio ehaa sadharanatah biswasa karajae je pampa eka brahmin paribarara thile jie jaina dharma grahan karithile, semanankara prakruta utpatti ebong sthaniah sthana bibadiah . gangadharam mandalara (adhunika telenganare) kurikiala gaanra bommalamma gutta thaare pampanka saana bhai jinabhallabhanka dwara sthapita tribhashi shilalekha (sanskruta, kannad ebong telugure) anujai, taanka pita abhimanadebaraja (bhimappaja bhabare madhya janashuna) ebong maa abanabbe thile. ehaa madhya suchita karithila je taanka jejebapa abhimanachandra brahmin jaatira thile ebong andhra pradeshar guntur jillara kamamanadur bangiparuru aasithile. bengee ebong bemulbadar chalukyamananka dwara shasita purba dekanare chalukya ebong rastrakutamananka shasson adheenare kannad bhashi anchala bhabare bibechana karajauthila, pampa ebong ponnanka pari prasidha kannad kabi bengeeru aasithile . chalukya ebong rastrakootanka bhali kannad rajabansha samagra dekanare pradhanya bistara karithile ebong kannad bhasara prabhaba kaberi ebong godabari ebong taa 'bahare madhya anubhuta hoithila. tenu adhunika telengana ebong andhra pradeshare aneka kannad paribara rahuthile ebong pampa semananka madhyaru anyatama thile. adhunika jaina bidwana humpa nagarajaya ("humpana") nka anujai, pampa aanigerire janmagrahana karithile, nikatabartee barada nadee koolare taanka piladin bitaithile ebong taanka maaa abbanabbe cornatic rajyara adhunika dharwad jillara anigerira jaisa singhanka naati thile. banabasi anchalara (adhunika uttara kannad jillare) soundarjyara barambar barnana ebong epariki pampanka mahakabya 'bikramarjun bijai' ray arjunanka rajyabhisheka samajare taanka mundare barada nadeeru paani chhinchiba ('abhisheka') banabasi anchala prati kabinka aasaktiku pramana kare . aarankusamitodam nenebhudenna manam banabasi deshamam" ebong "puttidirdod maridumbijagi maine kogilijagi nandavanadola banabasideshadola" dhadi madhyamare shay banabasi prati nijara gabhira nibidata byakta karichanti. kabya zeeban. jane bhal bhramanakaree byakti, shay raja arikesari dwiteejanka darbar kabi bhabare sthira hoithile. tankara gyaana ebong kabya samarthya dwara prasanna hoi, arikesari (jie gunanab upadhi dhaaran karithile) tanku "kabita gunanab" upadhi pradan karithile. 39 barsha bajasare shay tankara pratham shrestha kruti, "aadi purana", 941 masihare lekhithile, ebong kichhi samai parey shay pampa bharat naamare janashuna bikramarjun bijai samapta karithile. ehi duiti kruti paramparika kannad rachnar atulaneeah kruti hoi rahichhi. adipurana. champu" saileere likhita "aadi purana", gadya ebong padara eka mishrit roop, heuchhi jinasenanka sanskruta rachnar eka kannad sanskarana ebong jainadharmara pratham teerthankara rushabhanka zeeban bishajare sohalati khandare bistruta bibaranee. ehi krutiti nijaswa ananya saileere purnata ebong mokhya prapti paain atmara tirthajatra upare dhyana deithae. ehi krutire, rushabhanka putra dui bhai "bharat" ebong "bahubali" nka samagra biswa upare khyamata ebong nijantrana paain sangharsha bishajare pampa barnana karichanti. bahubali jitithiba bele, shay taanka bhainka sapakhyare sansarika sadhana parityaga karanti . madhyajugara aneka jaina "purana" ehi karjyare eka adarsha srusti karithile.

aadikavi pampa pampa (kannada отичи πнат), jiss noon aadikavi ("pahila kavee") kiha jaanda haii, ikk kannad bhasha daa jaine kavee see jiss deeaan rachnavan uss dey darshnik vishvasan noon darsaundiyan sunn. vemulvaad chalukaya raaja arikesari II daa darbari kavee, uh rashtarkoot rajvansh dey raaja krishan III daa samanti see. pampa aapne mahankavi jaan "pampa bharat" atey "aadi purann" laee sabh toon vaddh janhiaa jaanda haii, doven aale duaale "champu" shaili witch likhe gaye hunn. ih kamm kannad witch bhavikh dey saare "champu" kamman laee maadal vajon kamm karde sunn. jaine lekhakan pampa, shree pone atey ranna deeaan rachnavan, jinhan noon samoohak taur utte "kannad saahit dey tinn rattan" kiha jaanda haii, neey madhkali kannad saahit dey dey sadee dey yugg dee shuruat keeti. mudhla jeevan. pampa dey mudhle jeevan atey mool bhasha baare vakkh-vakkh vichaar hunn. halanki ih aam taur utte manniaa jaanda haii kii pampa ikk brahman parivaar naal sabandhat see joe jaine dharam noon apnaunda see, parr uhanan dey mool atey mool sathaan utte bahis keeti jaandi haii. pampa dey chhote bharaa jinvalabh duaara kurikiala pind, gangadharam mandal (aadhunik telengana witch) dey bomlamma gutta vikhe sathapit tinn bhashai shilalekh (sanskrit, kannad atey telgu witch) dey anusar, uss dey pitaa abhimandevaraya (bhimappaiah vajon vee jaane jaande hunn) sunn atey maan abnabe sunn. iss toon ih vee sanket milda haii kii uss dey daada abhimanchandra brahman jaati naal sabandhat sunn atey andhra pradesh dey guntur zilhe dey kamamnadu dey vangiparu toon sunn. vengi atey vemulawada dey chalukiaa duaara shasit purbi dakkhan witch chalukiaa atey rashtarkootan dey shasan adheen kannad bolann vaala khetar manniaa jaanda see, pampa atey ponna varge prasidh kannad kavee vengi toon sunn. chalukiaa atey rashtarkoot varge kannad rajvanshan daa poore dakkhan utte dabdaba see atey kannad bhasha daa prabhav kaveri atey godawari atey iss toon vee bahr mahisus keeta giaa see. iss laee aadhunik telengana atey andhra pradesh witch bahut saare kannad parivaar rahinde sunn atey pampa unhan vicchon ikk see. aadhunik jaine vidwan humpa nagrajaiah ("humpna") dey anusar, pampa daa janam anigeri witch hoiaa see, uss neey aapna bachpan nedley varda nadee dey kinare bitaiaa see atey uss dee maan abbanabe karnatak raaj dey aadhunik dharwad zilhe witch anigeri dee joyisa singh dee poti see. banwasi khetar (aadhunik uttra kannad zilhe witch) dee sundarta daa aksar varnan atey ithon takk kii pampa dey mahankavi "vikarmarjun vijay" witch arjun dey tajposhi dauran varda nadee toon paanee daa chhidkaa ("abhishek") vee banwasi khetar naal kavee dey lagaav dee gawahi dinda haii. arankusamitodam nenevudena manam banwasi deshamam" atey "putidirdod maridumbiagi purash kogiliagi nandanwandol banwasideshdol" lines raahin unhan neey banwasi pratee aapna dungha lagaav pragat keeta haii. kavik jeevan. ikk changi tarahan yaatra curran vaala viakati, uh raaja arikesari II dey darbari kavee vajon settle hoow giaa. aapne giaan atey kavik yogtavan toon prasann, arikesari (jiss cole gunnav daa khitaab see) neey uss noon "kavita gunnav" daa khitaab ditta. 39 saal dee umar witch unhan neey aapni pahili masterpiece, "aadi purann", 941 witch likhi, atey thodhi dair baad unhan neey pampa bharat vajon prasidh vikarmarjun vijay noon poora keeta. ih doven rachnavan classic kannad rachna deeaan bemisal rachnavan baniaan hoiaan hunn. aadipuran. champu" shaili witch likhiaa giaa "aadi purann", vaartak atey kavita daa ikk mishrat roop, jinsen duaara sanskrit rachna daa ikk kannad sanskaran haii atey jaine dharam dey pahile tirthankar, risabh dey jeevan dey solan sankalpan witch verva haii. ih rachna aapni vilakkhan shaili witch ikk aatma dee sampuranta atey mokash dee prapati dee tirath yaatra utte kendrat haii. iss rachna witch pampa neey risabh dey puttran doou bharavan "bharat" atey "bahubali" dey satta atey samuche sansar utte niyantaran laee sanghrash daa varnan keeta haii. jadon kii bahubali jittdi haii, uh aapne bharaa dey huck witch duniaavi kamman noon tiaag dinda haii. maddh yugg dey kaee jaine "puranan" noon iss rachna witch ikk roll maadal miliaa.

aadikavi-pampaa pampaa (kannadh отичи πнат) (kannadh отичи πнат), aadikavee ("prathama-kavihi") ityanena aahootah kannadabhashayaha jaina-kavihi aasit, yasya rachanaah tasya daarshanik-vishvaasaan pratibimbayanti sma. vemulavaadachaalukyaraajasy arikesari dwiteeyasya rajasabhayaha kavihi, saha raashtrakootavamshasya raja truteeyasya krushnasya saamantah aasit. pampaa ityayam swasya mahakavyanam athavaa "pampaa bhaarat" ityasya krute, tathaa cha "aadee puraana" ityasya krute prasidhah asti, ubhayoho "champu" shailyaa likhitaah santi. etaaha rachanaah kannad-deshe bhavishye "champu" ityasya sarvanam krutibhyah pratirooparoopen kaaryam akurvan. jaina-lekhakanam pampaa, shriponna, rannaa ityetayoho rachanaah, saamohikaroopen "kannadasahityasy ratnatrayam" iti namna khyataha, madhyayugeen-kannad-saahityasya 10 shataabdyaah yugasya ghoshah krutavantah. praarambhikajeevanam. pampaa-nagarasya praarambhikajeevanasya, matrubhashayaha cha vishaye bhinnabhiprayaha santi. yadyapi pampaa jainamatam sveekrutya braahmanaparivaarasy aasit iti samanyataya manyate, tathaapi teshaam vaastavika-utpatti-sthanasya, deshiyatayaha cha vishaye vivaadah vartate. (aadhunik-kaalasy telanganadeshe) kurikiyal-gramasya bommalamma-guttayam pampaa ityasya kanishtabhraataa jinavallabhaa ityanena sthaapitasya tribhasha-shilaalekhanasy (samskruta-kannad-telugu-bhaashaasu) anusaaram tasya pitaa abhimanadevaraayah (bhimappayya iti namna api prasidhah), maataa cha abbanabbe aasit. tasya pitaamah abhimanachandraha aasit, yah brahmanajatya aasit, tathaa cha aandhrapradeshasy guntoor-mandalasya kammanaadu-nagarasya vangeeparu-pradeshasya aasit iti api tatt soochayati. vengee-vemulavaadayoh chaalukyaih shaasite poorva-dakkan-pradeshe chalukya-raashtrakootayoh shasanakale kannadabhashinam kshetram iti manyate sma, pampaa-ponnaa ityaadayah khyataha kannad-kavayah vengee-pradeshasya aasan. chalukya-raashtrakoot-ityadinam kannad-raajavamshaah sampoorne dakkan-pradeshe adhipatyam sthaapayan, kannadabhashayaha prabhaawah kaaveri-godavari-bhashayaha api bahihi api anubhootah. ataha aadhunikatelangan-andhra-pradeshe anekaah kannad-parivaaraah nivasanti sma, pampaa cha teshu anyatamah aasit. aadhunik-jaina-vidvaamsaha hampa-nagarajayya ("hampanaa") ityasya matena, pampaa-varyaha annigerinagare ajayata, swasya baalyam sameepastham varadaanadyaah tate vyateetavaan, tasya maataa abbanabbe cha karnaatak-rajyasya aadhunik-dharwad-mandale anigerinyaah joyisa-simhasya naatinee aasit. banavaasee-pradeshasya (aadhunik-uttar-kannad-mandale) saundaryasya, tathaa cha arjunasya rajyabhishekasya samaye arjunasya shirasi varadaa-nadyaah jalam cha ("abhishekah") cha pade pade varnanam, pampaa-ityasya mahaakaavye "vikramaarjun-vijaya" ityasmin, kavyaah banavaasee-pradeshena saha anuraagah asti iti sakshyam karoti. arankusamittodam nenevudennaa manam banavaasee deshamam" tathaa "puttidirdod maridumbiyagi mains kogileyagi nandanaadol banavaasideshadol" iti panktyaa saha banavaasee-prati swasya gahanam anuragam vyaktavaan. kaavyajeevane. su-yaatritah purushah saha raja arikesari dwiteeyasya raajasabhaakavih rupena sthaya. tasya gyaanena kavyatmakakshamataya cha prasanah arikesari (yah gunarnava iti upaadhim praptavan) tam "kavitagunarnava" iti upaadhim pradattavaan. 39 varsheeyah saha 941 tame varshe swasya prathamam utkrushtam krutim "adipuranam" alikhat, kinchitkalanantaram saha pampabharatam iti namna prasidham vikramaarjunavijayam poornavaan. etaani krutidwayam shastriyakannada-rachanaayaah atulya-krutihi eva asti. adipuranam. champu" shailyaa likhitam "adipuranam", gadyasya padyasya cha mishraroopam, jainasenasy samskrutakarmasya kannad-samskaranam asti, jainadharmasya prathamasya tirthankarasya rushabhasya jeevanasya shohasra-khandeshu cha vivaranam vartate. etat krutihi swakeeye vishishtashailyaa aatmaayah tirthayatram purnatam praaptim cha lakshayati. krutau, rushabhasya putrayoho "bharat" tathaa "bahubali" iti bhraatrudwayam, sampoorne jagate adhikarasya niyantranasya cha sangharshasya varnanam pampaa ityanena krutam asti. yadaa bahubali vijayayati, saha swabhraatasya krute laukikaprayatnaan tyajati. madhyayugebhyah aneke jaina-"puraanaani" asmin kaarye aadarsham praaptavantah.

aadhigavi bamba panda (kannada mozhif отичи πнат), gowravamaana aadigavi ("muthal kavignar") endru azhaikkappadubavar, kannada mozhi jaine kavignar aavaar, avarathu padaippugal avarathu thaththuva nambikkaikalai pirathipaliththana. vemulawada saalukkiya mannar irandaam arikesari arasavaik kavignaraana ivar, rashtrakooda vamsaththin moontraam krishna mannarin nilappirabuvaaga irunthaar. bamba avarathu kaaviyangal allathu "bamba bhaaratha" mattrum "aadii puraanam" aagiyavattrirkaaga nanku ariyapattavar, ivai irandum "saambu" paaniyil ezhuthappattullana. inththa padaippugal kannadatthil ethirkaala "saambu" padaippugal anaiththirkum maathiriyaaga seyalpattana. kannada ilakkiyaththin moontru rathinangkal" endru koottaaga azhaikkappadum bamba, sribona mattrum rannah aagiya samana ezhuththaalargalin padaippugal, idaikkaala kannada ilakkiyaththin 10 aam noottraandin sagaapthaththai ariviththana. aarambagaala vaazhkkai. pambaavin aarambagaala vaazhkkai mattrum thaaimozhi kuritthu maarupatta karuththukkal ullana. bamba oru piraamana kudumbaththaich sernthavar endru podhuvaaga nambappadum athaevaelai, avarkal piranthu vaalnththa unmaiyana idam mattrum poorveegam kuritthu vivaathikkappadukirathu. panjaavin ilaiya cakootharar jinavallabha gurigiyala kiraamaththil ulla pommalamma kudaavil (naveenakaala thelungaanaavil) niruviya muttharappu kalvettin puddy, avarathu thanthai abhimaanathaevaraayar (pimappaya endrum azhaikkappadugiraar) mattrum thaai appanabe aavaar. avarathu tatta abhimanachandra piraamana saathiyaich sernthavar endrum, avar aandhirap pirathaesaththin kundur maavattaththin kammanaattil ulla vangkipparuvaich sernthavar endrum adhu suttikkaattiyathu. vaenki mattrum vaemulavathaavin saalukkiyarkalaal aalapatta kilakku techanil, saalugiyargal mattrum raashtrakoodargalin aatchiyin keezh kannada mozhi paesum pirathaesamaaka karudhappattathu, bamba mattrum ponna poantra pugazhpettra kannada kavignargal vaengkiyaich saernthavargal. saalukkiyarkal mattrum raashtrakoodargal poantra kannada vamsangkal muzhu techanilum aathikkam seluththina, maelum kannada mozhiyin selvaakku kaveri mattrum godhavari mattrum adharku appaalum kooda unarappattathu. enavae naveena telengana mattrum aandhirap pirathaesaththil pala kannada kudumbangal vasiththu vanthana, avattril bamba ontraakum. naveena jaine arinyar hamba nagarajaiah (hambana) puddy, bamba annigaeriyil piranthaar, thanathu kuzhandhaip paruvatthai arugilulla varada aattrin karaiyil kaliththaar, avarathu taayaar appanabe karnadaga maanilaththin naveena tarwad maavattaththil ulla annikeriyin jayisa singhaavin paerakkuzhanththaiyaaka irunthaar. panavasi piraanthiyaththin (naveena uttara kannada maavattaththil) azhagu pattriya adikkadi vivarippugal mattrum ambaavin kaviyamaana "vikramarjuna vijaya" will arjunavin mudisoottalin poathu varada nadhiyilirunthu thanneer theliththal ("abishek") kooda panavasi piraanthiyaththudan kavignarin pinaippai niroobikkirathu. aarangusamittoadam nenavudena manam panvasi dhesamam" mattrum "puttidirdod maarithumbiyaagi aangal koakiliya nandanadol panavacedeshadol" endra varigal moolam avar panavasi meethu thanathu aalamaana pattruthalai velippaduththiyullaar. kavidhai vaazhkkai. nanku payanam seitha manithar, avar irandaam arikesari mannarin arasavaik kavignaraaga kudiyaerinaar. avarathu arivu mattrum kavidhai thirankalaal paraattappatta arikesari (gunarnava endra pattatthai kondavar) avarukku "kavida gunarnava" endra pattatthai valangkinaar. 39 vayathil avar thanathu muthal thalaisirantha padaippaana "aadii puraanam" aii 941 aam aandil ezhuthinaar, sirithu neeraththirkup piragu avar bamba bhaaratha endru pirabalamaaga ariyapatta vikramarajuna vijayathai muditthaar. inththa irandu padaippugalum unnathamaana kannada kalavaiyin inaiyattra padaippugalaagavae ullana. adipurana. sambu" paaniyil ezhuthappatta "aadii puraanam", urainadai mattrum vasanaththin kalappu vadivam, jinasena samasgirutha padaippin kannada pathippaakum, maelum pathinaaru cantosil vivarangkal, samanaththin muthal theerthankarar, rishabhaavin vaazhkkai. inththa padaippu avarathu sontha thaniththuvamaana paaniyil kavanam seluththukirathu-oru aadmaavin yaatthirai paripooranaththirkum mokshaththai adaivatharkum. rishabhaavin magangalaana "bhaaratha" mattrum "bagubali" endra irandu cakoothararkalin muzhu ulagaththin meethum athikaaram mattrum kattuppaattukkaana poraattaththai bamba thanathu padaippil vivarikkiraar. bagubali vettri pettraalum, avar thanathu cakoothararukku aatharavaaka ulagap panigalaith thurakkiraar. idaikaalaththaich saerntha pala jaine puraanangkal inththa padaippil oru munmaathiriyaik kandana.

aadikavi pampa pampa (kannadah отичи πнат) (), gouravaneeyamaina aadikavi ("modati kavi") anie piluvabade kannada bhasha jaina kavi, ayana rachanalu ayana taatvika nammakalanu pratibimbistaayi. vemulawada chaalukya raaju rendava arikesari aasthaana kavi, athanu rashtrakoota raajavamsam raaju moodava krishna saamantudu. pampa thana itihaasaalu ledhaa "pampa bharata", mariyu "aadhi puraanam" rendintikee prasiddhi chendindi, rendoo "chaampu" shaililo vrayabaddayi. eee rachanalu kannadalo bhavishyat "chaampu" panulannintikee namoonaga panicheesaayi. jaina rachayitalu pampa, shree ponna mariyu rannah rachanalu, samishtiga "kannada saahityamlooni moodu ratnaalu" anie piluvabadevi, madhyayuga kannada saahityam yokka 10va sataabdapu sakaaniki naandi palikayi. prarambha jeevitam. pampa yokka prarambha jeevitam mariyu sthaanika bhasha gurinchi vividha abhiprayalu unnaayi. saadhaaranamgaa pampa jainamataaniki chendina braahmana kutumbaaniki chendinadani nammutaaru, ayithe vaari asalu muulam mariyu sthaanika pradaesam charchaneeyaamsamgaa undhi. gangaadharam mandalam (aadhunika telamgaana) looni kurikiyala graamamlooni bommalamma guttalo pampa tammudu jinnavallabha sthaapinchina tribhasha saasanam (samskrutam, kannada, telugu bhaashalalo) prakaram, athani tandri abhimaanadevaraaya (bheemappayya anie kooda pilustaaru) mariyu talli abbanabbe. ayana taata abhimanachandra braahmana kulaniki chendinavaarani, aandhra pradesh looni kuntur jillaalooni kammanadu looni vangiparuku chendinavaarani kooda idhi suuchimchimdi. thoorpu dakkanulo vengi mariyu vemulawada chaalukyulu paalinchinappudu, chaalukyulu mariyu raashtrakootula paalanalo kannada matlade bhoobhagamgaa pariganinchabadevaaru, pampa mariyu ponna vanti pramukha kannada kavulu vengi nundi vacchaaru. chaalukyulu, raashtrakootula vanti kannada raajavamsaalu mottam dakkan meeda aadhipatyam chelayinchayi, kannada bhasha yokka prabhavam kaveri, godavari mariyu antaku minchina praantaala nundi kooda anubhavinchabadindi. anduvalla aadhunika telamgaana mariyu aandhra pradeeshloo aneka kannada kutumbaalu nivasinchevi mariyu vaatilo pampa okati. aadhunika jaina panditudu humpa nagarajayya ("hampana") prakaram, pampa annigerilo janminchaadu, thana balyanni sameepamloni varada nadhi odduna gadipadu mariyu athani talli abbanabbe karnataka raashtramloni aadhunika dharwad jillaalo annigeriki chendina jaisa singh manavadu. banavasi praantam (aadhunika uttara kannada jillaalo) yokka andam gurinchi tarachugaa varnanalu mariyu pampa yokka mahakavyamaina "vikramarjuna vijaya" loe arjuna pattabhishekam samayamlo varada nadhi nundi neeru challadam ("abhishekam") kooda banavasi praantaaniki kavi yokka anubandhaaniki sakshyam. aarankusaamittodam nenevudenna maanam banavasi deshamam" mariyu "puttidirdod maaridumbiyaagi purushulu kogilya nandanadanol banavasidesadol" anae panktula dwara ayana banavasi patla thana lothaina anubandhaanni vyaktam chesaaru. kavitva jeevitam. baga prayaaninchina vyakti, athanu raaju arikesari II yokka aasthaana kaviga sthirapaddaadu. ayana ghnaanam, kavita saamardhyaalato prasamsalu pondina arikesari (gunarnava anae birudunu kaligi unna) aayanaku "kavita gunarnava" anae birudunu pradaanam chesaaru. 39 samvatsaraala vayassulo ayana ayana thana modati kalakhandam "aadhi puraana" nuu rachinchaaru, kontakaalam taruvaata ayana pampa bharata anie prasiddhi chendina vikramarjuna vijayanni puurti chesaaru. eee rendu rachanalu classic kannada kuurpu yokka asamaanamaina rachanaluga migilipoyayi. aadipuraanam. chaampu" shaililo vraayabadina "aadhi puraana", gadyam mariyu padyam yokka mishrama roopam, jainasena samskruta rachana yokka kannada samskarana mariyu jainamatam yokka modati teerthamkarudu, rishabha yokka jeevitaanni padahaaru khandaalalo vivaristundi. eee pani thana swantha pratyaekamaina shaililo, paripuurnata mariyu moksham saadhinchadaaniki aatma yokka teerthayaathrapai drushti pedutundi. eee rachanalo, rushabha kumaarulaina "bharata" mariyu "bahubali" anae iddaru sodarula mottam prapanchampai adhikaram mariyu niyantrana kosam jarigina poraataanni pampa vivarinchaadu. bahubali gelustundagaa, athanu thana sodarudiki anukuulamgaa praapanchika saadhanalanu tyajistaadu. madhya yugaalaku chendina aneka jaina "puraanaalu" eee paniloo oka aadarsaanni kanugonnayi.

aadikawi pampa pampa (kunnad: audikwi pump)yee jasay aizazi aadikawi ("pehla shayer") kahaa jaataa hay kunnad zabaan kaa eek jaine shayer thaa jiss kay kaam inn kay falsafiyana aqayed kii akaasi kartay thay. wah vemolvada chalokia baadshah arekesari dom kay darbari shayer thay wah rashtarkot khaandaan kay baadshah krishna III kay jagirdar thay. pampa apnay mahakawi yaa "pampa bhaarat"yee aur "aadee praan" kay liye mashhur hay donon "champo" andaaz mein likhay gayey haine. inn kaamon nay canada mein mustaqabil kay tamaam "champo" kaamon kay liye namunah kay toor parr kaam kiyaa. jaine masnafeen pampa saree ponaa aur rannaa kay kaam jinhein ijtemayi toor parr "kunnad adab kay teen jawahirat" kahaa jaataa hay nay qaroon wastee kay kunnad adab kay 10 wein sadee kay door kaa aaghaz kiyaa. ibtadayi zindagi. pampa kii ibtadayi zindagi aur maadri zabaan kay baaray mein mukhtalif raaye haine. agarcha aam toor parr yaha khayaal kiyaa jaataa hay kahh pampa kaa taaluq eek brahman khaandaan say thaa jiss nay jaine mutt akhtiyar kii thee leakin inn kii asl asl aur maqami jagah parr bahas kii jaati hay. teen lasaani naushtah (sanskrit kunnad aur teelgo mein) kay mutabiq juu pampa kay chhotay bhayee janawalbha nay karokiyala gaaon gangaa dharm mandal (jadeed door kay talanganah mein) kay bomalma gatah mein nasb kiyaa thaa iss kay waalid abhiman devrayah (jasay bhemapiya bhee kahaa jaataa hay) thay aur waldah abnaabay thein. iss say yaha bhee asharah milta hay kahh inn kay daada abhiman chandar thay jinn kaa taaluq brahman zaat say thaa aur inn kaa taaluq aandhra pardesh kay zalaa gantar kay kamumanado kay wangi parro say thaa. mashriqi dakan mein vengi aur weemolwade kay chalokiyon kii hukumat mein chalokiyon aur rashtarkoton kii hukmarani kay tahat kunnad bolnay waala elaqah samjha jaataa thaa pampa aur ponaa jeesay mashhur kunnad shayer vengi say taaluq rakhtay thay. chalokiyon aur rashtarkot jeesay kunnad khandanon nay puray dakan parr ghalbah haasil kiyaa thaa aur kunnad zabaan kaa asar kaweri aur godawari aur iss say bhee aagay mahsus kiyaa gayaa thaa. iss liye jadeed talanganah aur aandhra pardesh mein behat say kunnad khaandaan rehtay thay aur pampa inn mein say eek thaa. jadeed jaine aalim humpa nigrajiya ("humpna") kay mutabiq pampa annigary mein paida huay inhon nay apnaa ibtadayi bachpan qareebi daryaae warada kay kinaray guzara aur inn kii waldah abbanbay karnatik riyasat kay jadeed dharwad zalaa mein annigary kii joyasa sangh kii potee thein. banwasi elaqay (jadeed ataara kunnad zalaa mein) kii khubsurati kii baar baar wazahat aur yahaan takk kahh pampa kay mahakawi "wakarmarjan wajiye" mein arjan kii tajposhi kay doraan daryaae warda say paani kaa chhadkao ("abhesheek") bhee shayer kay banwasi elaqay say lagao kii gawahi deeta hay. arancosamtodam naniodena manam banwasi deshmam" aur "patederdod meridembiagi meen kogiliyagi nandanadol banwasideshdol" kii linon kay zariye inhon nay banwasi kay saath apnay gehrey lagao kaa izhaar kiyaa hay. shayerana zindagi. eek achhi tarah say safar karnay waala aadmi wah baadshah arekesari dom kay darbari shayer kay toor parr aabaad how gayaa. inn kay alam aur shayerana salahiyaton say khush how kirr areksery (juu gunarnava kaa khataab rakhtay thay) nay inhein "koyata gunarnava" kaa khataab diyaa. 39 saal kii amar mein inhon nay apnaa pehla shahkar "aadee praan"yee 941 mein likhaa aur thodi deer baad inhon nay wakarmarjan wajiye makmal kiyaa jasay pampa bhaarat kay naam say jaana jaataa hay. yaha donon tasanif classici kunnad tarkib kay bay misaal kaam rahay haine. aadipurna. aadee praan"yee juu kahh "champo" andaaz mein likhaa gayaa hay juu kahh ibaarat aur aayat kii eek makhlut shakal hay janseen kay sanskrit kaam kaa eek kunnad warzan hay aur yaha jaine mutt kay pehley teerthankar rashbh kii zindagi kii solah cantose mein tafsilaat deeta hay. yaha kaam apnay manfard andaaz mein rooh kii ziyarat kuu kamaal aur mokash kay hasool parr markoz kartaa hay. iss kaam mein pampa rashbh kay beton duu bhayiyon "bhaarat" aur "bahobli" kii poori duniya parr iqtedar aur control kay liye jadujahad kuu biyaan kartaa hay. jabb kahh bahobli jeeth jaataa hay wah apnay bhayee kay haqh mein duniya kii jastajoon kuu turk kirr deeta hay. qaroon wastee kay behat say jaine "praanon" kuu iss kaam mein eek roll maadal milaa.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30411683

Bell City, Louisiana

Bell City, Louisiana Bell City is an unincorporated community located in the southeast corner of Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is part of the Lake Charles metropolitan area. Bell City is in Calcasieu Parish, however the documented statistics are for ZIP Code 70630 which has segments in two parishes, Calcasieu and Cameron. The 70630 ZIP Code is at latitude 30.098 and longitude -93.013. Bell City is in the Central Time Zone (UTC -6 hours) and observes daylight saving time. According to the 2000 United States Census, the population in ZIP Code 70630 was 892 with 385 housing units; a land area of 143.85 sq. miles; a water area of 2.75 sq. miles; and a population density of 6.20 people per sq. mile. History 1902. The 1902 Welsh Rice Belt Journal says: “The new town, on the Lacassine extension of the Louisiana Western (R.R.), has been named Bell City, after A. E. Bell of this place, one of the founders and promoters of the town that will henceforth bear his name.” “Sites for a railroad depot, post office and a large school building have been donated and the work of building will begin as soon as proper arrangements can be made and the material hauled to the ground. Twelve lots have been sold, on which business houses will be erected, and scores of residence lots have been sold. The town has been nicely laid off and the work of grading the streets is now in progress.” “Messrs. P. W. Daniels and I. E. Wesson, of this city, are at present erecting a large feed store and implement warehouse, and it is only a matter of a short time until Bell City will be one of the busiest little places in this section”. “The new town is located fifteen miles southwest of Welsh, and is in the midst of a rice growing section and will be a boon to that portion of Calcasieu. The building of the new railroad from Lake Charles to Lake Arthur will open a new country adapted to rice culture and adds considerably to the area of the cultivation of that cereal in southwest Louisiana.” Events and Charters. About 1895 Christian College was built on the present site of the Bell City ball park by Martin and Willie Hebert and Dallas and Dan Hayes. It consisted of at least four buildings; two dormitories, one for teachers and workers, and one for classrooms. 1907 Jan 17 The Charter of Bell City Mercantile Co. with a capital stock of $10,000 for conducting general merchandise business. Isaac Derouen is president, Stephen E. Stine is vice president, Placide Derouen in Secretary and treasurer. Along with Paul W. Daniels they are the first board of directors. 1908 Mar 24 The Charter of Bell City College with a domicile at Bell City, Louisiana was filed with the district clerk. 1909 May 31 The Railroad Commission reports Louisiana Western railway is to build a combination depot at Bell City 1918 The present Bell City School began operation. LD Bayne was first principal, followed by TS Cooley, Thompson, James Dent and Stanford Cox who was principal for 32 years. During World War II (1939–1945), a prisoner of war camp was erected in the center of Bell City, furnishing laborers for area farmers whose sons and farm hands had gone off to war. 1944 April 4 The Bell City Library opened and was originally housed in the Bell City Elementary School with operating hours from 12:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m., Tuesdays and Fridays. Mrs. Max Johnston was the first Branch Manager. In August 1944, the Library moved into a small office owned by Andrew Delaney, husband of the Library's Branch Manager, Hanan V. Delaney. It was housed in the office until 1990 when the Capitol Improvement Program allowed purchase of land, renovation and expansion of a new building. Work was completed and the new library opened in January 1994. The Calcasieu Parish Public Library merged the Bell City and Hayes branches on December 28. The merger of the two branches, which are 1.2 miles apart, a two-minute trip by car, enables more enhanced service to the area. The last day of operation for the Bell City branch was December 23, 2009. 1950 Jun 05 A Charter for the official Association of Lions Clubs was presented to the Bell City-Hayes-Holmwood Lions Club at the Bell City High gymnasium. 1951 Jan 28 The Broussard Dairy, at Bell City, received grade A rating for their pasteurization plant. 1969 Clarence Theriot became principal of Bell City Schools when Hayes and Bell City schools were combined and following the retirement of Stanford Cox. A lifelong supporter of Bell City academics and athletics, the new gym and floor at Bell City was named for Clarence Theriot following his death in June 2022. His grandson, TJ Hoffpauir continues his legacy of service at the school as a teacher, coach, and athletic director. Climate. Residents of Bell City always stay aware of the possibility of evacuations during the official hurricane season from June 1 to November 30. On average, the warmest month is July with an average high of 91 °F. The highest recorded temperature was 105 °F in 2000. On average, the coolest month is January with an average low of 41 °F. The lowest recorded temperature was 11 °F in 1951. The maximum average precipitation occurs in May with average rainfall of 6.06 inches and the minimum average precipitation occurs in February with average rainfall of 3.27 inches. Demographics. 2000 United States Census Demographic Profile Highlights Outdoor recreation. Bell City Drainage Ditch allows access to hunting and fishing. It makes up the west border of the Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge which was created in 1937 as a habitat for wintering waterfowl in the coastal prairie of southwestern Louisiana. Government. As per state law, the Calcasieu Parish Police Jury has the authority to appoint special districts, boards, commissions, etc. for the purpose of providing specific services for a designated area within the Parish. Each of these districts and boards governs its own activities and has its own budget. Bell City is in Calcasieu Parish Police Jury District 10. Education. K-12 attend Bell City High School, Bell City, La. The 2000 Census recorded 604 adults in Bell City (70630) over the age of 25. Of those, 403 are high school graduates or higher and 64 had bachelor's degrees or higher. Churches. St John Vianney Church Founded in 1939 St. John Vianney Parish occupies the southeastern portion of Calcasieu Civil Parish, a predominantly agricultural area. The parish was officially established in 1939 by the Most Rev. Jules B. Jeanmard, Bishop of Lafayette, and it serves three communities—Bell City, Hayes and Holmwood. Prior to the establishment of the parish, Catholics in the area were served by priests from Our Lady Help of Christians Parish in Jennings, Louisiana. Later priests from Our Lady of Seven Dolors Parish in Welsh, Louisiana and then from St. Raphael Parish in Iowa, Louisiana celebrated Mass in the area. A chapel dedicated to St. Joseph was built about 1900, and served until it was destroyed by a storm in 1939. The founding pastor, the Rev. Mathias J. Cramers, arrived in April 1938 to get things moving. A hall which the Altar Society had built to hold fund-raising bazaars was transformed into a temporary chapel for the celebration of Mass. First item on Father Cramer's agenda was the construction of a rectory, which was completed in August 1939. The next project was a church, and the groundbreaking was held on Aug. 8, 1940. The building was completed, and was dedicated by Bishop Jeanmard on Dec. 1 of the same year. The first parish trustees were Ferdinand Nunez and Harry Verret. The first official parish records began in May 1939. Earlier records were kept in Jennings, beginning in 1892, in Welsh from 1904 and Iowa from 1930. In 1950 the Rev. Daniel Habetz succeeded Father Cramers as pastor, and one of his first projects was the construction of St. Daniel Chapel in Hayes, on property donated by Mr. and Mrs. Felix Hebert. The chapel was dedicated on April 16, 1953, and St. Daniel Mission was officially attached to St. John Vianney Parish. Over the years, many improvements have been made on church facilities. In 1981 the church in Bell City was renovated. There is also a Catechism center behind the rectory, and halls in Bell City and Hayes. In 2000, the parish served a congregation of 375 families and the pastor was the Rev. V. Wayne LeBleu, assigned in 1999. 250 students from kindergarten through grade 12 attended instruction. Another major organization is Bell City's Knights of Columbus Council 3048, which was organized and chartered on April 9, 1957, with Matthew Fruge as the charter Grand Knight. The Bell City Ladies Altar Society was formed in 1905, with Mrs. Dulva Derouen as first president. The Ladies Altar Society in Hayes, Louisiana was organized in 1952, with Mrs. Elias Lorrain as the first president. During the parish's half century a number of parishioners have been singled out for honors in recognition of outstanding service to the church. Mrs. Helen Zaunbrecher was decorated by Pope John Paul II in 1982 with the Papal Cross of Honor Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice. Matthew Fruge was invested as an Officer in the Order of St. Charles by Bishop Jude Speyrer in 1982 after receiving the Bishop's Medal from the Diocese of Lafayette in 1966. Barbara Theriot, Ester Harrington, Mary Leger and Pauline Poole were decorated with the Diocese of Lake Charles Devoted Service Medal in 1992. Here is a list of pastors who have served St. John Vianney Parish, with the years they were assigned to the parish: 1939 - Rev. Mathias J. Cramers; 1950 - Rev. Daniel Habetz; 1958 - Rev. A. W. Van Buijtenen; 1967 - Rev. Fernand N. Gouaux; 1969 - Rev. Rosaire Veilleux; 1973 - Rev. Francis Bourgeois; 1977 - Rev. Robert L. Shreve; 1985 - Rev. Roland Vaughn; 1991 - Rev. Milton P. Miller; 1993 Rev. John A. Poerio and 1999 - Rev. V. Wayne LeBleu. Rev. Albert Borel served as pastor until June 30, 2008, when he was transferred to St. John Bosco in Westlake. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

bail chiti, luisiana bail chiti hoise aamerika juktorastror luisianar kelkesiu parisor dokhyin-pubo kunot owosthito ek onigomito xomproday. ee lek charls mohanogori oncholor ongxo. bail chiti kelkesiu parisot aase, obosye nothibhukto porixongkhya jip koo 'dodd 70630-ror baabe aase jaar dutaa parisot khondo aase, kelkesiu aaru kemeron. 70630 jip code okhyangxo 30.098 aaru draghimangxo-93.013 too aase. bail chiti kendriyo xomoy oncholot (eu. ti. chi-6 ghonta) aase aaru dibaluk xongrokhyonor xomoy porzobekhyon kore. 2000 sonor aamerika juktorastror lukpiyol onuxori, jip code 70630-too jonoxongkhya aasil 892 john, zo 'too 385 taa griho sthaponor ekok aasil; ek bhumir eleka aasil 143.85 borgo. maail; 2.75 borgo kilometeror ek jolokhyetro. maail; aaru jonoxongkhyar ghonotwo proti borgo kilumeterot 6.20 john. maail. 1902 sonor itihax. 1902 sonor welswo rais belt journale koicheh "louisiana westeror lekasin xomproxaronor uporot thoka notun sohor (aar.aar.), e-ror naamere bail chiti naam diya hoise. ee. ei thair ghonta, sohorkhonor onyotomo protisthapok aaru prosarok jiye etiyar poraa teur naam bohon koribo." railpoth dipu, dakghor aaru ekhon dangor bidyaloy bhowonor sthan daan koraa hoise aaru upojukto byowostha kori xamogrixomuh maatit pelai diyar loge loge bhowonor kaam aarombho hoh" bob. barta lott bikri koraa hoise, jaar uporot byowoxayik ghor sthapon koraa hoh 'bob, aaru bohu xongkhyok baxosthan lott bikri koraa hoise. sohorkhon bhaldore bondho koraa hoise aaru rastabur shrenibodho korar kaam etiya soli aase." raaj. pi. dobliu. daniels aaru moi. ee. ei sohoror wesone bortoman etaa dangor khadyor dukan sthapon kori aaru gudamor kaam kori aase, aaru bail chiti ei ongxor onyotomo byosto xoru thaai hoh 'boloi maatro olop xomoyor kotha. notun sohorkhon welswor poner maail dokhyin-poschimot owosthito, aaru dhaan utpadon koraa etaa ongxor maajot owosthito aaru ee kelkesiur xei ongxor baabe ek axirbad hoh 'bob. lek charlochor poraa lek aartharoloi notun railpoth nirmanor folot dhaan xongoskritir xoite khaap khuwa ekhon notun dex mukoli hoh "bob aaru dokhyin-poschim luisianat xei khadyoxosyor khetir khetrot jothesto porimane jug dibo." ghotona aaru xonod. 1895 sonot martin aaru willy hebert aaru dalas aaru dane heyese bail chiti boll parkor bortomanor sthanot khristan mohabidyaloy nirman korisil. iyat komeu sarita bhowon aasil; dutaa xoyonkhyo, etaa xikhyok aaru sromikor baabe, aaru etaa shrenikuthar baabe. 1907 sonor 17 januaryt bail chiti markentyle companyr charter. xadharon xamogrir byoboxai soluwar baabe 10,000 dollar muldhonor stokor xoite. aaisak deruyen hoise xobhapoti, stephen ee. stein hoise upo-xobhapoti, xosibo aaru khojanosi hisape deruweinok xanto korok. poll dobliu-ror xoite. danielxokol hoise prothom porisalok porixod. 1908 sonor 24 marchot luisianar bail sitir baxosthan thoka bail chiti collegeor charter jilaa karzobahir usorot daakhil koraa hoisil. 1909 sonor 31 mey 'too railpoth aayuge prokax korisil je louisiana western relway bail chiti-too etaa combination dipu nirman koribo. 1918 sonot bortomanor bail chiti bidyaloitur kaam aarombho hoisil. el. di. bein prothom odhyokhyo aasil, taar pisot ti. ess. kuli, thomposon, james dent aaru stanford cox ji 32 bosor dhori odhyokhyo aasil. dwitiyo biswojudhor xomoyot (1939-1945), bail sitir majbhagot etaa juddhobondi xibir sthapon koraa hoisil, zo 'too oncholtur krixokxokolor baabe sromikxokolok xojjito koraa hoisil jaar putro aaru khetir haat juddholoi goisil. 1944 sonor 4 aprilot bail chiti puthibhoral khula hoisil aaru prothomote bail chiti prathomik bidyaloyot 12:00 p ror poraa karjyokori xomoyor xoite rokha hoisil.em. xondhiya 5 bojaloike.em., mongolbar aaru xukrobare. srimoti. max johnston prothom xakha porisalok aasil. 1944 sonor aagosto maahot, puthibhoralkhonor xakha byowosthapok henan bonamor swami endru delanir malikanadhin etaa xoru karzaloyoloi sthanantorito koraa hoisil. delani. 1990 sonoloike iyak karzaloyot rokha hoisil jetiya rajdhani unnoyon karzoxusiye bhumi kroy, nobikoron aaru notun bhowonor xomproxaronor onumoti disil. kaam xompurno hoisil aaru 1994 sonor januaryt notun puthibhoralkhon mukoli koraa hoisil. kelkesiu paris rajohuwa puthibhorale 28 disemborot bail chiti aaru heis xakha ekotrito korisil. 1.2 maail durotwot thoka duyuta xakhar ekotrikoron, garire dui minutor bhromone oncholtut odhik unnot xewa prodan korisil. bail chiti xakhar baabe kaam korar xex dinn aasil 2009 sonor 23 disembor. 1950 sonor june 5 tarikhe bail chiti haai jimnesiyamor bail chiti-heis-hoh 'lmoud lions klaboloi xingho clubber sorkari xongsthar baabe ekhon charter prodan koraa hoisil. 1951 sonor 28 januaryt bail sitir brousard dugdhoxalai teulukor pesturaijeson prokolpor baabe grade e rating laabh korisil. 1969 sonot steinford koo 'khyor owoxoror pisot hey' jo aaru bail chiti bidyaloixomuh ekotrito korar xomoyot clarence theriot bail chiti bidyaloixomuhor odhyokhyo hoisil. bail sitir xikhyabid aaru athleticsor aajiwon xomorthok, bail sitir notun jim aaru floortu 2022 sonor june maahot teur mrityur pisot clarence theriotor naamere naamkoron koraa hoisil. teur naati tije hofpauire xikhyok, proxikhyok aaru ethletik xonsalok hisape bidyaloyot teur xewar uttoradhikar obyahot rakhise. jolobayu. bail sitir baxindaxokole 1 junor poraa 30 novemboroloike sorkari harikenor botorot sthanantor korar xombhawonar bixoye xoday xoseton thaake. gorh hisapot july mahtuwei ataitkoi ushno maah, zo 'too gorh uscho 91° fahrenheit hoy. 2000 sonot xorbadhik record koraa tapmatra aasil 105 degree fahrenheit. gorh hisapot ataitkoi xitol maahtu hoise january, zo 'too gorh nimnotomo 41° fahrenheit hoy. 1951 sonot xorbonimno tapmatra aasil 11 degree fahrenheit. mey maahot xorbadhik gorh borxun hoy aaru gorh borxun 6.6 inchi hoy aaru nunyotom gorh borxun februaryt hoy aaru gorh borxun 3.27 inchi hoy. jonogathoni. 2000 aamerika juktorastror lukpiyol jonogathonigot profailor bixexotwoxomuh baahiror binudon. bail chiti niskaxon khariye sikar aaru maach dhorar xubidha prodan kore. ee lekasin rastriyo bonyoprani aasroyor poschim xeema gothon kore jitu 1937 sonot dokhyin-poschim luisianar upokuliyo prerit xitkalin jolosorir baxosthan hisape sristi koraa hoisil. sorkar. rajyik aain onuxori, kelkesiu paris aarokhyi jureer bixex jilaa, bob "rd, aayug aadi nijuktir kortritwo aase. porixoror bhitorot etaa nirdisto oncholor baabe nirdisto xewa prodanor uddesye. ei jilaa aaru porixodxomuhor protituwe nijor karzokolap porisalona kore aaru iyar nijor budget aase. bail chiti kelkesiu paris aarokhyi juree jilaa 10too aase. xikhya. key-12 bail chiti haiskul, bail chiti, laa-too uposthito thaake. 2000 sonor lukopiyolot bail sitit 25 bosoror uporor 604 john praptoboyosko (70630) ror tothyo puwa goisil. teulukor bhitorot 403 john haiskulor snatok baa tatkoi odhik aaru 64 jonor snatok degree baa tatkoi odhik aasil. girja. saint john bhiyani girja 1939 sonot protistha koraa hoisil che. john bhiyani parise kelkesiu oxamorik parisor dokhyin-pubo ongxo dokhol korise, jitu ek prodhankoi krixikhyetro. porixtu anusthanikbhabe 1939 sonot ataitkoi rebhor dwara protistha koraa hoisil. juals bi. lafayetor bixop ginmarde tinita xomproday-bail chiti, hey 'jo aaru hoh' lmoudor xewa aagborhai. poriyal protisthar purbe, oncholtur ketholikxokolok luisianar jeningxot thoka aamar mohila help owo christan poriyalor poraa puruhitxokole xewa aagborhaisil. pisoloi wels, luisianar aaru taar pisot saintor poraa aamar xatota dodd 'laar porixor mohilar poraa puruhitxokol. luisianar aaiwar rafel parise oncholtut gono udjapon korisil. saintor proti utxorgito etaa sepol. juxef pray 1900 sonot nirman koraa hoisil, aaru 1939 sonot dhumuhar folot dhongxo nuhuwaloike xewa aagborhaisil. protisthapok aasari, rebh. mathiyas je. 1938 sonor aprilot cremers aahisil bostubur sthanantorito koriboloi. bedori cho "saitir dwara puji xongroho koraa bojarxomuh onusthito koriboloi nirman koraa ekhon holok gono udjaponor baabe osthayi sepololoi rupantorit koraa hoisil. fador kremaror karzoxusir prothom bostu aasil etaa rectory nirman, jitu 1939 sonor aagostot xompurno hoisil. poroborti prokolpotu aasil etaa girja, aaru aagosto maahot bhumi pujon onusthito hoisil. 8, 1940. bhowontu xompurno hoisil, aaru bixop ginmarde disemborot utxorga korisil. eke bosoror 1. prothom porix nyaxixokol aasil fardinand nunez aaru heri veret. 1939 sonor mey "maahot prothom sorkari porixor tothyoxomuh aarombho hoisil. iyar purbor tothyoxomuh 1892 sonor poraa aarombho kori jeningot, 1904 sonor poraa welswot aaru 1930 sonor poraa aaiwat rokha hoisil. 1950 sonot ribh. daniel hebetze pitri cremersor pisot pastar hisape sthan loisil, aaru teur prothom prokolpoxomuhor bhitorot etaa aasil saintor nirman. srijutor dwara daan koraa xompotir uporot heisor daniel sepol. aaru srimoti. felix hebert. 1953 sonor 16 aprilot sepoltu utxorga koraa hoisil aaru saint. daniel mission anusthanikbhabe saintor xoite xongzukto aasil. john vianni paris. bigoto bosorburot girjar xubidhaxomuhor khetrot bohutu unnoti koraa hoise. 1981 sonot bail sitir girjatu nobikoron koraa hoisil. rekotorir pisfale etaa ketesijom kendro aase, aaru bail chiti aaru hey 'too holl aase. 2000 sonot porixore 375taa poriyalor etaa mondolir xewa aagborhaisil aaru pastar aasil rebh. bhi. 1999 sonot nijukto wein lebolu. kindergartenor poraa dwadox shreniloike 250 goraki xikhyarthiye nirdexonat ongxogrohon korisil. aan etaa prodhan xongstha hoh "lo bail sitir nights owo kolombas council 3048, jitu 1957 sonor 9 aprilot charter grand night hisape methiu frujok loi xongothito aaru charter koraa hoisil. 1905 sonot srimoti raajor xoite bail chiti ladys bedori cho "saiti gothon koraa hoisil. prothom rastropoti hisape dulobha deruyen. 1952 sonot luisianar heisot srimotir xoite mohilar bedee xomitir aayujon koraa hoisil. alius lorein prothom rastropoti hisape. porixor ordho xotikat girjar proti aagborhuwa utkristo xewar swikriti sworupe keibajonu porixonok xonmanor baabe prithok koraa hoise. srimoti. helen jownbresserok 1982 sonot pup john poll dwitiyoi pup croch owo onor pro 'eklexiya ett pontificere olongkrito korisil. methiu fruze ejon bixoya hisape saintor kromot biniyug koraa hoisil. 1966 sonot lafayetor daaio "sisor poraa bixopor podok laabh korar pisot 1982 sonot bixop jude speire charlochor dwara. barbara theriot, estar herrington, meree legaar aaru polin pulok 1992 sonot daaio "sij owo lek charlochor utxorgikrito xewa podokore xojuwa hoisil. iyat centor xewa aagborhuwa pastaror ekhon talika diya hoise. john vianni paris, teulukok parisoloi nirdharito koraa bosoror xoiteh 1939-ribh. mathiyas je. cremers; 1950-ribh. daniel hebetz; 1958-ribh. e. dobliu. bhen buijeten; 1967-ribh. fernand eno. goukx; 1969-ribh. ror "cheyar vailex; 1973-ribh. francis burjowa; 1977-ribh. robert el. sribh; 1985-rebh. roland waahon; 1991-ribh. milton pi. milaar; 1993 ror ribh. john e. puriu aaru 1999-rebh. bhi. wein lebolu. ribh. 2008 sonor 30 junoloike elbert borele pastar hisape karzonirbah korisil, jetiya teuk saintoloi sthanantor koraa hoisil. westlakor john bosku.

bell city, louigiana bell city holl markin juktorashtrer louigianar calcassiu pyarisher dakkhin-purbo koney abosthito ekti onigomito sampradai. etty lake charles metropoliton elakar ongsho. bell city calcassiu pyarishe abosthito, tobey nothibhukto porisongkhyan jipa code 70630-err jonno jaar duti pyarisha, calcassiu ebong camerone bibhag royeche. 70630 jipa kodti okkhangsho 30.098 ebong draghimangshe-93.013. bell city kendriya somoy anchale (utc-6 ghanta) royeche ebong dibalok sanrakkhaner somoy porjobekkhon korey. 2000 saaler markin juktorashtrer jonogonona onusare, jipa code 70630-ayee jonosongkha chhilo 892 john ebong 385tii abason unit; jaar jommy elaka chhilo 143.85 borgo kilometres. myle; 2.75 borgo kilometres joll elaka. myle; ebong jonosongkhar ghonotto proti borgokilometere 6.20 john. myle. 1902 saaler itihas. 1902 saaler welsh raisa belt journal boleh "louigiana western (arr.arr.), err naam deoa hoyeche 'aaa'-err naame 'bell city'. ee. eyi jaigar ghanta, shohorer onnotomo protisthata ebong probortok jaaraa ekhon theke taanr naam bohon korbe." ekti rail depo, dakghar ebong ekti borh school bhabaner jonno sthan daan koraa hoyeche ebong jothajotho byabostha koraa ebong upadanguli matite feley deoa holey joto tadatadi sombhob nirmaner kaaj shuru hobey. baroti lott bikri koraa hoyeche, jaar upor byabasayik protisthan toiri koraa hobey ebong besh koyekti basosthan lott bikri koraa hoyeche. shaharti sundarbhabe bondho korey deoa hoyeche ebong rastagulir shrenikaraner kaaj ekhon cholche." messers. pii. dobleeu. daniels ebong aaee. ee. eyi shohorer oyesana bortomane ekti borh khadder dokan nirman korche ebong gudamghar bastobayon korche ebong eyi bibhager byastotomo chhoto jaigagulir modhye bell city ekti hoye othar jonno etty khub alpo somoyer byapar. notun shaharti welsh theke poner myle dakkhin-poschime abosthito ebong dhaan chasher ongsher majhkhane abosthito ebong calcassure seii ongsher jonno ekti ashirbad hobey. lake charles theke lake arthar porjonto notun railpoth nirmaner foley dhaan sangaskritir sange khaap khaiye neoa ekti notun desh khule jaabe ebong dakkhin-poschim louigiana seii khaddoshosyo chasher khettre ullekhjoggobhabe jog hobey." ghotona ebong sonod. 1895 khristabde martin ebong uili hebert ebong dalas ebong dyana heiz bell city boll parker bortoman sthane khristan college nirman corren. etey kompokkhe charti bhobon chhilo; duti chhatrabas, ekti shikkhok oo shromikder jonno ebong ekti shrenikkher jonno. 1907-17 januari bell city markentile koo-err sonod. sadharan ponnodrobbo byabosa porichalonar jonno 10,000 dollar muldhan stock soho. isak deruen hollen presidenta, stephen ee. stine hollen soho-sabhapati, sachib ebong treasurer hisabe deruenke shanto korun. poll dobleeu-err sange. danielra hollen prothom porichalona porshod. 1908 saaler 24shhey march louigianar bell sitite ekti basosthan soho bell city colleger sonod zela keranir kachhe dakhil koraa hoy. 1909 saaler 31shhey meey railpoth kamishana jaanaay jey louigiana poschim railpoth bell sitite ekti sangmishran depo nirman korbe. 1918 saale bortoman bell city schoolti chaalu hoy. eldie baine prothom adhyakkha chhilen, tarpore ts kully, thompson, james dent ebong stanford cox jini 32 bochor dhorey adhyakkha chhilen. dwitiya bishwojuddher somoy (1939-1945), bell sitir kendre ekti juddhobondi shibir sthapon koraa hoyechilo, jaa elakar krishakder jonno shromikder sajjito koroto jaader chhele ebong khamar juddhe choley giechilo. 1944 saaler 4thhaa april bell city library khola hoy ebong mulat bell city prathomik bidyalaye 12:00 pii theke porichalonar somoy soho rakha hoyechilo.emm. bickel 5taa porjonto.emm.mangalbar ebong shukrobar. misses. max johnston prothom shakha byabosthapok chhilen. 1944 saaler auguste gronthagarti gronthagarer shakha byabosthapok, hanan bonam-err swami andru delanir malikanadhin ekti chhoto office sthanantorito hoy. delani. 1990 saal porjonto etty office chhilo jokhon rajdhani unnayan karmasuchi jommy croy, sangoskar ebong ekti notun bhabaner somprosaroner anumati deyo. kaaj shesh hoy ebong 1994 saaler januaryte notun gronthagarti khola hoy. calcassiu pyarisha public library 28shhey december bell city ebong heiss shakhagulike ekotrito korey. duti shakhar sangjuktikaran, jaa 1.2 myle doore, gadite dui minuter bhromon, eyi anchale arow unnoto porisheba sokkhom korey. bell city shakhar karjokromer shesh deane chhilo 23shhey december, 2009. 1950 saaler 5ee june bell city hye gymnasiume bell city-heiss-homeud lions clubke singho clubgulir sarkari samitir jonno ekti sonod pradan koraa hoy. 1951 theke 28 januari bell sitir brousered dugdho taader pasturaijeshana planter jonno grade retting paay. 1969 saale stanford coxer abosar grohoner porr clarence theriot bell city skooler adhyakkha hohn jokhon heey ebong bell city schoolguli ekotrito koraa hoy. bell city academics ebong athleticser ajibon somorthok, bell sitir notun zima ebong floorti 2022 saaler june maase taar mrityur porey clarence therioter naame namkaran koraa hoyechilo. taar naati, tije hafpaur ekjon shikkhok, coach ebong athletic porichalok hisabe schoole taar sebar uttoradhikar abyahoto rekhechen. jalbayu. bell sitir basindara 1 june theke 30 navembar porjonto sarkari harikener morshume sariye neoar sombhabona somporke sarbada sachetan thaken. garh, sabcheye ushno maas holl julai, jaar garh tapmatra 91 degree fahrenheit. 2000 saale sorbochcho tapmatra chhilo 105 degree fahrenheit. gadey, shitaltama maas holl januari, jaar garh sorbonimno tapmatra 41 degree fahrenheit. 1951 saale sorbonimno tapmatra chhilo 11 degree fahrenheit. meey maase garh brishtipat 6.6 inchi ebong februaryte sorbonimno garh brishtipat hoy ebong garh brishtipat 3.27 inchi hoy. jonosongkha. 2000 markin juktorashtrer jonogonona demographic prophaila highlite bahirangan binodan. bell city nishkashon gorto shicker ebong machh dhorar sujog korey deyo. etty lacassin jatiya bonnoprani ashrayasthaler poschim seemana toiri korey jaa 1937 saale dakkhin-poschim louigianar upokuliyo trinobhumite shitkalin jalchar pakhir abashsthol hisabe toiri koraa hoyechilo. sarkar. rajyo aain onusare, calcassiu pyarisha pulish jurir bishesh zela, board, kamishana ityadi niyoger khomota royeche. pyarisha-err modhye ekti nirdishto elakar jonno nirdishto porisheba prodaner uddeshye. eyi protiti zela oo board taader nijaswa karjokrom porichalona korey ebong taader nijaswa budget royeche. bell city calcassiu pyarisha pulish jurie zela 10-ayee abosthito. shikkha. keey-12 bell city hye school, bell city, laa-teey padashona korey. 2000 saaler jonogonona anujayi, bell sitite 25 bochorer beshi vayasi 604 john praptoboyosko (70630) royechen, jaader modhye 403 john uchcho bidyalayer snatok baa taar beshi ebong 64 joner snatok degree baa taar beshi chhilo. girja. seenta john vianni church 1939 saale protisthito seenta. john vianni pyarisha calcassiu civille pyarisher dakkhin-purbo ongsho dokhol korey, jaa ekti prodhanoto krishi elaka. parishti anusthanikbhabe 1939 saale sabcheye rebha dwara protisthito hoyechilo. jools bii. lafayeter bishop ginmard ebong etty tinti sampradayer jonno kaaj korey-bell city, haze ebong holmoud. pyarisha protisthar agey, louigianar jenningse khristan pyarisha theke amader mohila sahayatar purohitora eyi anchale kyatholikder seba diten. porey louisianar welsh ebong tarpor seenta theke shaat dollar pyarisha theke amader bhadramahilar purohitora. louigianar aiwate rafael pyarisha eyi anchale gono udjapon korey. center proti nibedito ekti chappel. josepha 1900 saaler dike nirmito hoyechilo ebong 1939 saale jhorer karone dhongso naa haoya porjonto etty kaaj korey. protisthata jajok, rebha. mathius jeey. cramers, 1938 saaler aprile esechilo jinisguli saranor jonno. tehbil sangraher bajarer jonno bedir samiti jey holti toiri korechilo, taa ganosamabesh udjaponer jonno ekti asthayi chyapele rupantarita koraa hoyechilo. fadar cramer agender prothom vishay chhilo ekti rectory nirman, jaa 1939 saaler auguste somponno hoyechilo. poroborti prokolpoti chhilo ekti girja, ebong auguste bhittiprostor sthapon koraa hoy. 8, 1940. bhabanti somponno hoy ebong bishop ginmard dwara december maase utsarga koraa hoy. ekoi bochorer 1. prothom pyarisha trusty chhilen fardinand nunez ebong harry varret. prothom sarkari pyarisha record 1939 saaler meey maase shuru hoyechilo. 1892 saale shuru haoya jenningse, 1904 theke welsh ebong 1930 theke aiwate ager recordguli rakha hoyechilo. 1950 saale rebha. daniel habetz pita cramerser uttoradhikari hisebe jajok hisebe dayitto palon corren ebong taanr prothom prokolpogulir modhye ekti chhilo seenta. shree daan koraa sampattir upor heyeser daniel chappel. ebong misses. felix hebert. 1953 saaler 16ee april eyi chappelti utsarga koraa hoy ebong seenta. deniel mission anusthanikbhabe center saathe sangjukto chhilo. john vianni pyarisha. bochorer porr bochor dhorey, girjar subidhar onek unnoti koraa hoyeche. 1981 saale bell sitir girjati sangoskar koraa hoy. rectory pichhone ekti catechism kendra ebong bell city ebong khader holl royeche. 2000 saale, pyarisha 375tii poribarer ekti mondolite kaaj korechilo ebong jajok chhilen rebha. vee. oyeina leblu, 1999 saale nijukto. kindergarten theke dwadosh shreni porjonto 250 john shikkharthi shikkhai ongsho niyechilo. arekti prodhan sangostha holl bell sitir nights off columbus council 3048, jaa 1957 saaler 9ee april sangathito oo chartered koraa hoyechilo, matheau fruzeke charter granned night hisabe niye. 1905 saale srimatir sange bell city ladys ulter society gothito hoy. prothom rashtrapati hisebe dulva deruen. 1952 saale louigianar heyese mohila bedee samiti srimatir saathe sangathito hoyechilo. prothom rashtrapati hisebe elius lorren. pyarisher ordho shotabdite girjar proti asamanno sebar sikritiswarup besh koyekjon paritianke sommaner jonno alada koraa hoyeche. misses. helen jownbretcherke 1982 saale pope john poll dwitiya poper sommansuchok cross off onar proo eklesia ett pontifices diye sajjito korechilen. matheau frugke center krome ekjon kormokorta hisabe biniyog koraa hoyechilo. 1966 saale lafayeter diosis theke bishoper podok pawar porr 1982 saale bishop jude spirer dwara charles. barbara theriot, ester harrington, merry legger ebong pollin pull 1992 saale lake charles dioceser nibedito porisheba podok diye sajjito koraa hoyechilo. ekhane seisob jajokder ekti talika deoa holl jaaraa center seba korechen. john vianni pyarisha, taader pyarishe baradda koraa bochorgulir satheh 1939-rebha. mathius jeey. cramers; 1950-rebha. daniel habetz; 1958-rebha. ayee. dobleeu. vyana buizeten; 1967-rebha. fernand enn. goux; 1969-rebha. rozayar velex; 1973-rebha. francis burjoa; 1977-rebha. robbert ell. shreebh; 1985-rebha. roland vone; 1991-rebha. milton pii. miller; 1993 rebha. john ayee. poerio ebong 1999-rebha. vee. oyena leblu. rebha. albert borrell 30shhey june, 2008 porjonto jajok hisabe dayitto palon corren, jokhon tini seenta seenta seenta peterson-ayee sthanantorito hohn. westlake john bosco.

bail ciity, louisiana bail ciity aee united statesnaa louisiana khaatena calcassiu parganana dakshinpurv khunaamaa stheet aek binsangathit samudaay chhe. teey charles talaav mahanagar vistaarno aek bhaag chhe. bail ciity kelkeshiyu parganama chhe, jooe keey dastaveji aankada pinn qoda 70630 maate chhe, jemaa beey parganaa, kelkeshiyu aneey cameronma vibhago chhe. 70630 zip qoda akshansh 30.098 aneey rekhansh-93.013 parr chhe. bail ciity kendriya samay zonmaa (utc-6 kalaak) chhe aneey delite saving timenu nirikshan karey chhe. 2000nee united statesnee vastee ganatari anusaar, pinn qoda 70630maan vastee 385 aavaas aekamo saathe 892 hatee; jeey 143.85 choras chorasno jameen vistaar hato. mile; 2.75 choras meterno paanino vistaar. mile; aneey vasteeni gichataa 6.20 loko pratee choras. mile. 1902noow itihas. 1902 velsha raisa belt journal kahe chheh "navoo shaher, louisiana westernnaa lacasine vistaran parr (aar.aar.), aee naa naam parthee bail ciity naam aapvama aavyu chhe. ee. aaa sthalnee ghantadi, shahernaa sthaapako aneey promotersmaanthi aek chhe jeey havethee tenu naam dhaaran karashe." railroad depo, poosta offices aneey aek vishaal shaala bhawan maate sthalonu daan karvaamaa aavyu chhe aneey yogya vyavastha karvaamaa aave aneey saamgreene jameen parr khenchvaamaa aave teey jaldi jaj bandhkamnu kaama sharoo thaee jashe. baar looat vechvaamaa aavyaa chhe, jenaa parr vepaari gruho ubhaan karvaamaa aavashe aneey sankhyaabandh rahethanna looat vechvaamaa aavyaa chhe. shaherne saaree reete chhoota karvaamaa aavyu chhe aneey shereeone shrenibaddh karvaanee kamgiri havey chaali rahee chhe." gandee. pii. doubleu. daniels aneey aaee. ee. aaa shahernaa vesana haalmaa aek vishaal feed store oobho curry rahyaa chhe aneey warehousenu amalikaran curry rahyaa chhe, aneey bail ciity aaa vibhagma sauthee vyast naana sthalomaanu aek banashe tyaan sudhee teey maatra tunkaa samaynee baabat chhe. navoo shaher velshthee pandar mile dakshinpashchim aavelu chhe, aneey teey chokha ugaadtaa vibhag vachche aavelu chhe aneey teey calcasuena teey bhaag maate varadaan hashe. charles talaavthi arther talaav sudhee navaa railmargonu nirmaan chokhaani sanskrutine anookool aek navo desh kholashe aneey dakshinpashchim louisianama teey anaajnee kheteena vistaarmaa nondhpaatra vadhaaro karashe." ghatanao aneey sanad. 1895nee aaspaas martin aneey veelee hebert aneey dallas aneey dayne hays dwara bail ciity boola parknaa haalnaa sthal parr christian collegenu nirmaan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. temaa ochhama ochhi chaar imaarato hatee; beey shayangruh, aek shikshako aneey kaamdaaro maate aneey aek vargkhando maate. 1907-17 january bail ciity mercantile companynu charter. saamanya vepaari vepaar chalaavvaa maate 10,000 dollarnaa moody stock saathe. isaq derun pramukh chhe, stephen ee. stine upadhyaksh chhe, sacheev aneey khajanchi tareeke derunne shaant karoo. poola doubleu saathe. daniels teo pratham booard off directors chhe. 1908 march 24 bail ciity, louisiana khaate nivassthan saathe bail ciity collegeno sanad jilla karkun paase dakhal karvaamaa aavyo hato. 31 meey 1909naa roj railroad commissionna ahewal mujab louisiana westarn railway bail ciity khaate sanyojan depo banaavshe 1918maan haalnee bail ciity shaalaae kamgiri sharoo curry. aela. dii. bayne pratham aachaary hataa, tyarbad tii. aesa. cooley, thompson, james dent aneey stanford coaks hataa jeo 32 varsh sudhee aachaary hataa. beeja vishvyuddh darmiyan (1939-1945), bail cityni madhyamaa aek yuddh kedee shibir ubhoo karvaamaa aavee hatee, jeey vistaarnaa kheduto maate majurone sajj karatee hatee, jemnaa putro aneey khetarnaa haath yuddhmaa gayaa hataa. 4 april 1944naa roj bail ciity library kholvaamaa aavee hatee aneey mulroope bail ciity praathmeek shaalaama 12:00 p thee sanchalanna kalaako saathe rakhvama aavee hatee.aema. sanje 5 vaagyaa sudhee.aema.mangalvaar aneey shukravaar. shrimati. makes johnstone pratham shaakha vyavsthaapak hataa. august 1944maan, pustakalayna shaakha vyavsthaapak, hennon wii. naa patee andrew delani malikini aek naanee kachereema pustakaalay khasedvama aavyu. delani. teey 1990 sudhee karyalayma rakhvama aavyu hatoo jyaare capitol sudhaarana kaarykram jameenni khareedi, navinikaran aneey navee imaaratnaa vistaranni manjuri aape chhe. kaama purn thayu aneey january 1994maan navoo pustakaalay kholvaamaa aavyu. calcassiu parganu jaaher pustakaalay 28 decembernaa roj bail ciity aneey heysnee shakhaonu vilinikaran karyoo. beey shakhaonu vilinikaran, jeey 1.2 milenaa antare chhe, kaar dwara beey minuteni suffer, aaa vistaarmaa vadhu unnat sevaane saksham banaave chhe. bail ciity shaakha maate kaamgeereeno chhello divas 23 december, 2009 hato. 1950 juuna 05 sinh klabnaa sattavaar sangathan maatenu sanad bail ciity-hays-homewood sinh klabne bail ciity haai vyayamshalama rajoo karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. 1951-28 january bail ciity khaatena brossard darryne temnaa pasteurization plant maate grade rating malyun. 1969maan jyaare steinford coxnee nivrutti pachhi ghaas aneey ghantadi shahernee shaalaaone jodvama aavee tyaare clarence theriot bail ciity shaalaona aachaary banyaa hataa. bail cityna vidhyano aneey athleticsnaa aajivan samarthak, bail ciity khaatena navaa jima aneey florenu naam juuna 2022 maan temnaa mrutyu pachhi clarence theriot maate rakhvama aavyu hatoo. temnaa pautra, teeje hofpoir shikshak, coach aneey athletic director tareeke shaalaama sevaano temno vaarso chaalu raakhe chhe. aabohva. bail cityna rahevasio 1 junthi 30 november sudhee sattavaar vavazodani mosam darmiyan sthalaantarni sambhavnathi hammesha wakef rahe chhe. sarerash sauthee garam maheeno julai chhe, jeey sarerash 91 degree fahrenheetni unchai dharaave chhe. varsh 2000maan sauthee vadhu taapmaan 105 degree fahrenheit nondhayu hatoo. sarerash sauthee thando maheeno january chhe, jemaa sarerash neechu taapmaan 41 degree fahrenheit chhe. sauthee ochhu nondhaayelu taapmaan 1951maan 11 degree fahrenheit hatoo. meey maheenama sarerash 6.6 inch varsaad saathe mahattam sarerash varsaad padey chhe aneey februaryma sarerash 3.27 inch varsaad saathe laghutam sarerash varsaad padey chhe. vastee vishhayak. 2000 united states vastee ganatari vastee vishhayak ruprekha highlites outdoor manoranjan. bail ciity drainage khaai shikaar aneey machhimarini pahonch aape chhe. teey lacasine raashtriy vanyajeev aashrayni pashchim sarhad banaave chhe, jeey 1937maan dakshinpashchim louisiana dariyakanthana prereemaa shiyaalaamaa jalcharo maate nivassthan tareeke banavvama aavyu hatoo. sarkaar. rajyanaa kaayada anusaar, calcassiu parganaa police jurie paase vishesh jeellaao, booard, commission vagereni nimanook karvaano adhikaar chhe. parganani andar niyukt vistaar maate chokkas sevaao puurii padvana hetu maate. aaa darek jilla aneey booard potaani pravruttionu sanchalan karey chhe aneey tenu potaanu budget hoya chhe. bail ciity calcassiu parganaa police jurie jilla 10maan chhe. shikshan. keey-12 bail ciity haai school, bail ciity, laa maan haajari aape chhe. 2000nee vastee ganatarimaa 25 varshthi vadhu umarnaa 604 pukht vayanaa loko (70630) nondhaya hataa. temathi 403 highschoolna snaatak athavaa tenaathi vadhu umarnaa chhe aneey 64 snatakni degree athavaa tenaathi vadhu umarnaa chhe. charcho. saint john veeyani church 1939maan sthapaayel saint. john veeyani parganu mukhyatve krushee vistaar, calcassiu nagrik parganana dakshinpurviy bhagma aavelu chhe. aaa parganani sattavaar reete 1939maan sauthee vadhu reeva dwara sthaapnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee. jewels bii. geinmard, lafayetna bishop, aneey teey trana samudaayone sevaa aape chhe-bail ciity, ghaas aneey holmwood. parganani sthaapnaa pahelaa, aaa vistaarmaa ketholikone jennings, louisianama khristi parganani amaari maheela sahaaynaa paadario dwara sevaa aapvama aavtee hatee. pachhithi velsha, louisianama aneey pachhi sentathi saat dollarsnee saadini amaari ledeena paadario. louisiana aayovama rafael parganaae aaa vistaarmaa saamuhik ujavani curry hatee. sentne samarpeet aek chappel. joseph 1900nee aaspaas bandhvama aavyo hato aneey 1939maan tofan dwara teno naash naa thayo tyaan sudhee teey kaaryarat rahyo hato. sthaapak paadari, reeva. mathias jeey. cramers, april 1938maan vastuo khasedva maate aavyaa hataa. aek holl keey jeey vedee society bhandol ubhoo karvaa maate bajaaro raakhvaa maate banaavyo hato tene saamuhik ujavani maate kaamchalaau praarthnaagruhmaa rupantarit karvaamaa aavyo hato. fadhar kremarnaa kaaryasuchi parnee pratham vastu aek rectorynu nirmaan hatoo, jeey august 1939maan purn thayu hatoo. aagaami project churchno hato aneey augustma groundbreaking yojaayu hatoo. 8, 1940. aaa imaarat purn thaee hatee, aneey bishop geinmarde decemberma tene samarpeet curry hatee. 1 aee jaj varshe. pratham parganana trusty ferdinand nunez aneey herry veret hataa. pratham sattavaar parganana reqorda meey 1939maan sharoo thayaa hataa. agaauna reqorda 1892maan sharoo thayela jenningsma, 1904thee velshamaa aneey 1930thee aayovama rakhvama aavyaa hataa. 1950 maan reeva. daniel habetz paadari tareeke pitaa cramers pachhi aavyaa, aneey temnaa pratham projectmaanthi aek sentanu bandhkam hatoo. shree dwara daanmaa aapvama aaveli meelkat parr heyamaa daniel chappel. aneey shrimati. felix hebert. aaa chappel 16 april, 1953naa roj samarpeet karvaamaa aavyu hatoo aneey saint. daniel mission sattavaar reete saint saathe jodaayelu hatoo. john veeyani pereesh. varshothi, churchnee suvidhaoma ghanaa sudhara karvaamaa aavyaa chhe. 1981maan bail cityma churchnu navinikaran karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. rectoryni paachhal aek caticism kendra pann chhe, aneey bail ciity aneey paragarajma holl chhe. 2000maan, parganu 375 parivaaronaa mandalma sevaa aaptu hatoo aneey paadari reeva hataa. vee. vene lebalu, 1999maan niyukt. kindergartenthi dhoran 12 sudhinaa 250 vidhyarthioae shikshanma haajari aapee hatee. anya aek mukhya sanstha bail cityna nites off columbus council 3048 chhe, jenu aayojan aneey bhadapatte 9 april, 1957naa roj karvaamaa aavyu hatoo, jemaa methyu frujne charter grand night tareeke rakhvama aavyu hatoo. bail ciity ladys veldate societyni rachnaa 1905maan shrimati saathe karvaamaa aavee hatee. pratham pramukh tareeke dulva derun. louisiana heyamaa ladys vedee sosaayatinu aayojan 1952maan shrimati saathe karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. pratham pramukh tareeke elias lorren. parganani adadhi sadee darmiyan churchnee utkrusht sevani manyatama sanmaan maate sankhyaabandh paadarione alag karvaamaa aavyaa chhe. shrimati. hellen zaunbrecharne pope john poola dhviteey dwara 1982maan popnaa cross off onara proo acclessia aeta pontificethi shangarvama aavyo hato. methyu frujne sentnaa krammaa adheekari tareeke rokaan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. 1966maan lafayetna diosismanthi bishop medala praapt karyaa pachhi 1982maan bishop jude spirer dwara charles. barbara theriot, ester harrington, meerii legger aneey pauleen poolene 1992maan diosis off leeka charles samarpeet sevaa chandrakthi shangarvama aavyaa hataa. aheen paadarioni yaadee chhe jemane sentnee sevaa curry chhe. john veeyani pereesh, jeey varshomaa temne pereesh sonpavama aavyaa hataah 1939-reeva. mathias jeey. cramers; 1950-reeva. daniel habetz; 1958-reeva. aee. doubleu. veena buijenen; 1967-reeva. fernand aena. gauks; 1969-reeva. rosire weilex; 1973-reeva. frances burjua; 1977-reeva. roobert aela. shreeve; 1985-reeva. rolland wohn; 1991-reeva. milton pii. miller; 1993 reeva. john aee. poriyo aneey 1999-reeva. vee. veena lebalu. reeva. albert borele 30 juuna, 2008 sudhee paadari tareeke sevaa aapee hatee, jyaare temnee saint. westlakema john bosco.

bell city, louisiana bell city ack asanghatit samudaay haye joe calcassiu parrish, louisiana, sanyukt raajya america key dakshin-poorv koney mein sthit haye. yeh charles jheel mahanagariya kshetra kaa hissa haye. bell city calcassiu parrish mein haye, haalaanki pralekhit aankade jip code 70630 key liye hain, jisake dou parrish, calcassiu aur cameron mein khand hain. 70630 pinn code akshansh 30.098 aur deshantar-93.013 parr haye. bell city kendriya samay kshetra (utc-6 ghante) mein haye aur dinn key ujaale kii bachat key samay kaa paalan kartaa haye. 2000 kii sanyukt raajya america kii janganana key anusaar, pinn code 70630 mein jansankhya 385 awas ikaaiyon key saath 892 thee; 143.85 varg kilometres kaa bhoomi kshetra. meal; 2.75 varg kilometres kaa jall kshetra. meal; aur prati varg kilometres 6.20 logon kaa jansankhya ghanatva. meal. 1902 kaa itihas. 1902 velsh rais belt journal kahati haih "nayaa shahar, louisiana paschimi (aar.aar.), kaa naam aeye key naam parr bell city rakhaa gayaa haye. ee. iss sthaan kii ghanti, shahar key sansthapakon aur pravartakon mein seey ack haye joe abb seey unakaa naam dhaaran karega." unhone kahaa, "ack rail dipo, dakghar aur ack badey school bhawan key liye sthal daan kiye gaye hain aur jaise hii uchit vyavastha kii jaa sakati haye aur samagri koo jameen parr utaara jaa sakata haye, nirmaan kaa kaam shuru hoe jaayega. baarah lott beche gaye hain, jinn parr vyaparik ghar banaae jaayenge, aur kaee aavaasiya lott beche gaye hain. shahar koo achchi tarah seey bund curr diyaa gayaa haye aur sadakon koo shrenibaddh karane kaa kaam abb chala rhaa haye." messers. pee. doubleu. daniels aur aaee. ee. iss shahar key wesson vartamaan mein ack badee feed store kaa nirmaan curr rahey hain aur godam koo lagu curr rahey hain, aur yeh kewal thode samay kii baat haye jaba taka kii bell city iss khand mein sabse vyast chhote sthaanon mein seey ack naheen hoga. nayaa shahar velsh seey pandrah meal dakshin-paschim mein sthit haye, aur chawal ugaane vaale hisse key beach mein haye aur yeh calcassiu key usa hisse key liye ack vardan hoga. charles jheel seey arther jheel taka nae railmarg key nirmaan seey chawal kii sanskriti key anukool ack nayaa desh khulega aur dakshin-paschim louisiana mein usa anaaj kii kheti key kshetra mein kaafee vriddhi hogi." ghatanaaen aur charter. 1895 key aspas christian college kaa nirmaan bell city ball park key vartamaan sthal parr martin aur villie hebert aur dallas aur danne hess dwara kiya gayaa thaa. isamen cumm seey cumm chaar imaaraten theen; dou chhatrawas, ack shikshakon aur shramikon key liye aur ack kakshaon key liye. 1907-17 janwari koo bell city merchantile company kaa charter. samanya vyaparik vyavasaay key sanchaalan key liye 10,000 dollar key poonji stock key saath. isaq deron rashtrapati hain, stephen ee. stein upaadhyaksh hain, sachiv aur khajanedar mein deron koo shaant karein. paul doubleu key saath. daniel way pahale nideshak mandal hain. 1908 march 24-bell city, louisiana mein adhivaas key saath bell city college kaa charter jilaa clerk key paas daayar kiya gayaa thaa. 31 maee 1909 koo rail aayog ney bataaya kii louisiana paschimi railway bell city mein ack sanyojan dipo kaa nirmaan karane jaa rhaa haye. 1918 mein vartamaan bell city school kaa sanchaalan shuru huaa. ell. dee. bayne pahale pracharya they, unake baad tii. aiss. cooley, thompson, james dent aur steinford cox they joe 32 varshon taka pracharya rahey. dwiteeya vishva yuddh (1939-1945) key dauran, bell city key kendra mein ack yuddh bandee shivir banaaya gayaa thaa, joe kshetra key kisaanon key liye majdooron koo taiyar kartaa thaa, jinake bete aur khet yuddh mein chaley gaye they. 4 aprail 1944 koo bell city pustakalaya khola gayaa aur mool roop seey bell city praathamik vidyalaya mein 12:00 p seey sanchaalan key ghanton key saath rakhaa gayaa thaa.aim. shaam 5 baje taka.aim.mangalwar aur shukravaar. shrimati. max johnston pahale shakha prabandhak they. agast 1944 mein, pustakalaya key shakha prabandhak, hanan banaam key pati andreau delani key swaamitva vaale ack chhote seey karyalaya mein pustakalaya sthanantarit hoe gayaa. delani. yeh 1990 taka karyalaya mein rakhaa gayaa thaa jaba rajdhani sudhaar karyakram ney bhoomi kii khareed, navinikaran aur ack naee imarat key vistaar kii anumati dee. kaam puuraa hoe gayaa aur janwari 1994 mein nayaa pustakalaya khola gayaa. calcassiu parrish saarvajanik pustakalaya ney 28 disambar koo bell city aur hays shaakhaon kaa vilay curr diyaa. donon shaakhaon kaa vilay, joe 1.2 meal kii doori parr hain, kaar seey dou minut kii yatra, kshetra mein adhik unnat seva koo saksham banaati haye. bell city shakha key sanchaalan kaa antim dinn 23 disambar, 2009 thaa. 1950 juuna 05 koo bell city hyee vyayamshala mein bell city-hays-homewood lyon club koo lyon clubon key aadhikarik sangh key liye ack charter prastut kiya gayaa thaa. 1951 aur 28 janwari koo bell city mein brossard dayeri koo unake pasteurization sanyantra key liye grade aeye rating millie. 1969 mein clarence theriot bell city schools key pracharya baney jaba hays aur bell city schools koo sanyukt kiya gayaa aur steinford cox kii sevaanivritti key baad. bell city key shikshaavidon aur athletics key aajivan samarthak, bell city mein nae zim aur flore kaa naam juuna 2022 mein unaki mrityu key baad clarence theriot key naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. unake potey, teeje hoffpour ney ack shikshak, coach aur athletic nideshak key roop mein school mein apani seva kii viraasat koo jaari rakhaa haye. jalavaayu. bell city key nivasi 1 juuna seey 30 navambar taka aadhikarik toofaan key mausam key dauran nikasi kii sambhavana key baare mein hamesha jagrook rahate hain. ausatan, sabse germ maheena julaai haye jisamen ausat uchch 91 degree fahrenheit hotaa haye. 2000 mein sabse adhik darj kiya gayaa tapman 105 degree fahrenheit thaa. ausatan sabse thandaa maheena janwari haye, jiska ausat nyuntam tapman 41 degree fahrenheit haye. 1951 mein sabse cumm darj kiya gayaa tapman 11 degree fahrenheit thaa. maee mein adhikatam ausat varsha 6.6 inch kii ausat varsha key saath hoti haye aur nyuntam ausat varsha farwari mein 3.27 inch kii ausat varsha key saath hoti haye. jansankhyiki. 2000 sanyukt raajya janganana jansankhyikiya profile mukhya aakarshan baahari manoranjan. bell city drainage khaai shikaar aur machhali pakadane kii anumati detee haye. yeh lacassin rashtriya vanyajeev sharan kii paschimi seema banaata haye jise 1937 mein dakshin-paschimi louisiana key tateey prayeri mein sardiyon key jalpakshi key liye ack nivaas sthaan key roop mein banaaya gayaa thaa. sarkaar. raajya key kaanoon key anusaar, calcassiu parrish pulis juurii key paas vishesh jilon, boardon, aayogon aadi kii niyukti karane kaa adhikaar haye. parrish key bheetar ack nirdisht kshetra key liye vishisht sevaaen pradaan karane key uddeshya seey. inmein seey pratyek jilaa aur board apani gatividhiyon koo niyantrit karate hain aur unakaa apana bajat hotaa haye. bell city calcassiu parrish pulis juurii jilaa 10 mein haye. shiksha. key-12 bell city hyee school, bell city, laa mein bhaag lete hain. 2000 kii janganana mein 25 varsh seey adhik ayu key 604 vayask (70630) darj kiye gaye, jinamen seey 403 hyee school snaatak yaa usase adhik hain aur 64 key paas snaatak yaa usase adhik kii degree thee. church. sent johnn viani church 1939 mein sthaapit sent. johnn viani parrish ney calcassiu sivil parrish key dakshin-purvi hisse mein kabja curr liya haye, joe mukhya roop seey krishi kshetra haye. parrish kii sthaapana aadhikarik taur parr 1939 mein sabse adhik rev dwara kii gaee thee. jools bee. geinmard, lafayet key bishap, aur yeh teen samudaayon-bell city, hays aur holmwood kii seva kartaa haye. parrish kii sthaapana seey pahale, kshetra mein catholics koo jennings, louisiana mein christian parrish kii hamari mahila sahaayata key pujaariyon dwara seva dee jaati thee. baad mein velsh, louisiana mein aur phir sent seey saat dollars parrish kii hamari mahila key pujari. ayova, louisiana mein rafale parrish ney kshetra mein saamoohik utsav manaaya. sent koo samarpit ack chappel. joseph kaa nirmaan lagbhag 1900 mein kiya gayaa thaa, aur 1939 mein ack toofaan seey nasht honey taka yeh seva mein rhaa. sansthaapak paadari, rev. mathias jey. cramers, aprail 1938 mein cheejon koo aage badhaane key liye pahunche. ack holl jise vedi society ney dhana jutaane vaale baajaron key ayojan key liye banaaya thaa, usey saamoohik utsav key liye ack asthaayi chappel mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa. faadar crammer key agende mein pahali vastu ack rectory kaa nirmaan thaa, joe agast 1939 mein puuraa huaa thaa. agali pariyojana ack church thee, aur agast mein adharshila rakhee gaee thee. 8, 1940. imarat poori hoe gaee thee, aur bishap geinmard dwara disambar koo samarpit kii gaee thee. usee varsh 1. pahale parrish trusty ferdinand nunez aur hairi veret they. pahala aadhikarik parrish record maee 1939 mein shuru huaa. pahale key record 1892 mein shuru hue jennings mein, 1904 seey velsh mein aur 1930 seey ayova mein rakhe gaye they. 1950 mein rev. daniel habetz paadari key roop mein pitaa cramers key uttaradhikari baney, aur unaki pahali pariyojanaon mein seey ack sent kaa nirmaan thaa. shree dwara daan kii gaee sampatti parr hays mein daniel chappel. aur shrimati. felix hebert. chappel koo 16 aprail, 1953 koo samarpit kiya gayaa thaa. daniel mission aadhikarik taur parr sent seey judaa huaa thaa. johnn viani parrish. pichhale kuchh varshon mein, church kii suvidhaon mein kaee sudhaar kiye gaye hain. 1981 mein bell city mein church kaa navinikaran kiya gayaa thaa. rectory key peechhe ack catechism kendra bhee haye, aur bell city aur ghaas mein holl hain. 2000 mein, parrish ney 375 parivaaron kii ack mandali kii seva kii aur paadari rev they. vee. 1999 mein niyukt wein leblue ney kindergarten seey laker kaksha 12 taka key 250 chhatron ney shiksha mein bhaag liya. ack anya pramukh sangathan bell city key nights off columbus council 3048 haye, jise 9 aprail, 1957 koo aayojit aur chartered kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen charter grand night key roop mein maithyu fruze thaa. 1905 mein shrimati key saath bell city ladys vedi society kaa gathan kiya gayaa thaa. dulva deron pahale rashtrapati key roop mein. hays, louisiana mein ladys vedi society kaa ayojan 1952 mein shrimati key saath kiya gayaa thaa. alias lauren pahale rashtrapati key roop mein. parrish kii aadhi shatabdi key dauran church key liye utkrisht seva kii maanyata mein kaee paritians koo sammaan key liye chunaa gayaa haye. shrimati. helen zohnbrature koo 1982 mein pope johnn paul dwiteeya dwara pope cross off onar pro acclesia aitt pontifis seey sajaaya gayaa thaa. maithyu fruze koo sent key crum mein ack adhikaari key roop mein nivesh kiya gayaa thaa. 1966 mein lafayet key diosis seey bishap kaa padak praapt karane key baad 1982 mein bishap jude spirer dwara charles. barbara theriot, ester harrington, mairi legger aur paulin pool koo 1992 mein diosis off lake charles samarpit seva padak seey sajaaya gayaa thaa. yahaan una padariyon kii soochi dee gaee haye jinhone sent kii seva kii haye. johnn viani parrish, una varshon key saath jinhen unhein parrish koo saunpa gayaa thaah 1939-rev. mathias jey. cramers; 1950-rev. daniel habetz; 1958-rev. aeye. doubleu. vaine buizten; 1967-rev. fernand aine. gaux; 1969-rev. rosair weelex; 1973-rev. francis burjua; 1977-rev. robbert ell. shreev; 1985-rev. roland wonn; 1991-rev. milton pee. miller; 1993 rev. johnn aeye. poerio aur 1999-rev. vee. wein leblue. rev. albert borrell ney 30 juuna, 2008 taka paadari key roop mein kaary kiya, jaba unhein sent mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa. westlake mein johnn bosco.

bell city, louisiana bell city embudu samyukta samsthaanada louisianada calcassiu parition agneya mooleyalliruva ondu asanghatita samudaayavaagide. idu charles sarovarada mahanagar pradeshada bhagavagide. bell city calcassiu pyaarishnallide, aadaagyoo daakhalita ankiamshagalu zip code 70630 gaagi ive, idu calcassiu mattu cameron emba eradu pyarishgalalli vibhagagalannu hondide. 70630 pinn code akshaamsha 30.098 mattu rekhaamsha-93.013 nallide. bell city kendra samaya valayadallide (yutisi-6 gantegalu) mattu hagalu ulitaaya samayavannu gamanisuttade. 2000dha samyukta samsthaanagala janaganatiya prakara, pinn code code janasankhyeyu 385 vasati ghatakagalondige 892 aagittu; idu 143.85 chadara chadara bhumiya pradeshavaagide. maili; 2.75 chadara kii. mea. vistirnada neerina pradesha. mailugalu; mattu prati chadara chadarakke 6.20 janara jansankhyeya saandrate. maili. 1902rahra itihaasa. 1902 rahra velsh rais belt journal heege heluttadeh "louisiana western naa lacassin vistaraneyalliruva hosa pattana (aarr.aarr.), idannu 'aaa' naa hesarannu bell city endu hesarisalaagide. ii. ee sthalada ganteyu, pattanada samsthaapakaru mattu pravartakaralli obbaraagiddu, innu munde avara hesarannu hondiruttaare." railway depo, anche kacheri mattu dodda shaala kattadada sthalagalannu daana maadalaagide mattu sariyaada vyavasthegalannu maadi vastugalannu nelakke eleyuva takshana kattadada kelasa praarambhavaaguttade. hanneradu laatgalannu marata maadalaagide, avugala mele vyapara samsthegalannu nirmisalaaguvudu mattu halavaaru vasati sthalagalannu marata maadalaagide. pattanavannu chennagi kelasadinda tegeduhaakalaagide mattu beedigalannu shrenikarisuva kelasa eega pragatiyallide." mister. pii. doubleu. daniels mattu aii. ii. ee nagarada wesson, prastuta dodda aahaarada angadiyannu nirmisuttiddaare mattu godamina anushthaanavannu maduttiddare, mattu ee vibhagadalli bell city atyanta jananibida sanna stalagalalli ondaaguvavarege idu kelave samayada vishayavaagide ". hosa pattanavu velshninda nairtyakke hadinaidu maili dooradallide mattu bhatta beleyuva vibhagada madhyadallide mattu idu calciyuvina aaa bhagakke varadaanavaagide. charles sarovaradinda orther sarovaradavaregina hosa railumarga nirmaanavu bhattada samskrutige hondikolluva hosa deshavannu tereyuttade mattu nairtya louisiyaanaadalli aaa dhaanyada krushiya pradeshakke gananeeyavaagi serisuttade." ghatanegalu mattu sannadugalu. 1895rahra sumaarige martin mattu villie hebert mattu dallas mattu daan hayes avaru bell city baal parkna prastuta sthaladalli christian kaalejannu nirmisidaru. idu kanishta naalku kattadagalannu olagondittu; eradu vasatigruhagalu, ondu sikshakaru mattu kaarmikarige mattu ondu taragati kotadigalige. 1907-janavari 17-dhii charter off bell city merchantile kumm. saamaanya vanijya vevahaaravannu nadesalu $10,000 bandavaalada stock. isaq deroen adhyaksharagiddare, stephen ii. stein upadhyaksharagiruttare, karyadarshi mattu khajanchiyagi deroen avarannu shantagolisuttare. paul doubleu. daniels avaru modala nirdesakara mandaliyaagiddaare. 1908rahra march march louisianada bell cityalli vasaviruva bell city collegina sannadannu jilla gumastarige sallisalaayitu. 1909rahra mayee mayee louisiana paschima railway bell cityalli samyojita depowannu nirmisuttide endu railway aayogavu varadi maadide. maadide prastuta bell city shaleyu karyacharaneyannu praarambhisitu. ell. dii. bayne modala pradhaaniyaagiddaru, nantara ts cooley, thampson, james dent mattu stanford cox 32 varshagala kaala pradhaaniyaagiddaru. eradane mahayuddhada samayadalli (1939-1945), bell ct madhyabhaagadalli yuddha khaidigala shibiravannu sthaapisalaayitu, idu avara putraru mattu krishi kaigalu yuddakke hogidda pradeshada raitarige kaarmikarannu odagisitu. 1944rahra april april bell city granthaalayavannu tereyalaayitu mattu moolatah bell city praathamika shaleyalli 12:00 p ninda kaaryanirvahisuva samayadondige irisalaagittu.emm. sanje 5 ganteyavarege.emm.mangalavaara mattu shukravara. srimati. max johnson modala shaakhe vevasthaapakaraagiddaru. 1944rahra augustinalli, granthaalayada shakheya vyavasthapaka hyaan vii. avara pathi andreau delani odetanada sanna kacherige granthaalayavannu sthalaantarisalaayitu. delani. delani rajadhani sudhaarane kaaryakramavu bhoomiyannu khareedisalu, navikarana maadalu mattu hosa kattadada vistaranege avakasha niiduvavarege idannu kacheriyalliye irisalaagittu. kelasa poornagonditu mattu hosa granthaalayavannu 1994rahra janavariyalli tereyalaayitu. calcassiu parish saarvajanika granthaalayavu december december bell city mattu heyis shakhegalannu vileenagolisitu. 1.2 maili antaradalliruva eradu shakhegala vileena, kaarinalli eradu nimishagala prayanavu ee pradeshakke hecchu vardhita seveyannu odagisuttade. bell city shakheya karyacharaneya koneya dina december 23,2009 aagittu. 1950rahra zoon zoon, simhagala klabgala adhikruta sanghakkagi ondu sannadannu bell city-hayes-homewood simhagala klabge bell city hye vyayaamashaaleyalli nidalaayitu. 1951-28rahra bell citiyalliruva brousard dairi, tamma pashcharikarana gatakakke grade aa rating annu padeyitu. padeyitu stanford cox nivruttiya nantara, hays mattu bell city shaalegalannu samyojisidaaga clarence theriot bell city shalegala pradhaaniyaadaru. bell city sikshana mattu athleticsna aajiva bembaligaraagidda, bell cityallina hosa zim mattu floorge zoon 2022 ralli avara maranada nantara clarence theriot hesarannu idalaayitu. avara mommaga tije hafpour avaru sikshaka, tarabetudaara mattu athletic nirdeshakaragi shaleyalli tamma seveya parampareyannu munduvarisiddaare. havamana. zoon zoon november november adhikruta chandamarutada rtuvinalli sthalaantarisuva saadhyateya bagge bell ct nivasigalu yavagalu jagrutaragiruttare. sarasari, julai tingalu atyanta becchagina tingalu, sarasari garishta 91°eff iruttade. sabhaanganagalive daakhalaada garishta taapamaanavu 105 degree fahrenheit aagittu. sarasari, atyanta tampaada tingalu janavari aagiddu, sarasari kanishta 41°eff iruttade. iruttade daakhalaada atyanta kadime taapamaanavu 11 degree fahrenheit aagittu. mayee tingalalli sarasari 6.6 inchu maleyondige garishta sarasari maleyaguttade mattu phebravariyalli kanishta sarasari maleyaguttade mattu sarasari 3.27 inchu maleyaguttade. janasankhyaashaastra. 2000 united states janaganatiya janasankhya profile mukhyaamshagalu horaangana manaranjane. bell city olacharandi kandakavu beteyaaduvudu mattu meenugaarikege avakasha niiduttade. idu nairtya louisianada karavali hullugaavalinalli chaligaalada jalapakshigalige aavaasasthaanavaagi aavaasasthaanavaagi rachisalaada lacassin rashtriya vanyajeevi aashrayada paschima gadiyannu roopisuttade. sarkara. rajyada kaanoonina prakara, calxieu parish police tirpugaararige vishesha jillegalu, mandaligalu, aayogagalu ityaadigalannu nemisuva adhikaaravide. parish olage gottupadisida pradeshakke nirdishta sevegalannu odagisuva uddeshakkagi. ee pratiyondu jillegalu mattu mandaligalu tammade aada chatuvatikegalannu nirvahisuttave mattu tammade aada budget annu hondive. bell city calcassiu parish police tirpugaarara jille jille. sikshana. keey-12 bell city haiskool, bell city, laa. 2000rahra janaganatiyu 25 varshakkinta melpatta 604 vayaskarannu (70630) daakhaliside. avaralli 403 mandi proudhashala padavidhararu athawa adakkinta hechchinavaru mattu 64 mandi padavi athawa adakkinta hechchinadannu hondiddaare. charchugalu. saint zaan vianni church mattu sthaapane saint. zaan vianni parish pradhaanavaagi krishi pradeshavaada calcassiu sivil parition agneya bhagavannu aakramiside. parish annu adhikrutavaagi 1939 ralli atyanta rev sthaapisalaayitu. jools bii. geinmard, lafayetna bishop, mattu idu mooru samudaayagalige seve sallisuttade-bell city, hays mattu holmwood. parish sthaapanege modalu, ee pradeshadalli catholikarige louisianada jenningsnalli christiannara parition namma mahila sahayadinda purohitaru seve sallisuttiddaru. nantara velsh, louisiyaanaadallina elu dollars parition namma lady mattu nantara sentninda purohitaru. louisianada ayovaadalliruva rafale parish ee pradeshadalli saamuhika aacharaneyannu aacharisitu. sentge misalaagiruva ondu prarthana mandira. joseph annu 1900rahra sumaarige nirmisalaayitu mattu mattu chandamarutadinda nashavaguvavaregu idu kaaryanirvahisitu. samsthaapaka padri, rev. mathias zhe. crommers, 1938rahra aprilnalli vishayagalannu chalisuvante maadalu agamisidaru. balipeethada sanghavu nidhisangrahada maarukattegalannu nadesalu nirmisidda sabhaanganavannu saamuhika aacharanege taatkaalika prarthana mandiravaagi parivartisalaayitu. father cramer avara kaaryasuchiya modala amshavendare rectory nirmaana, idu august 1939 ralli poornagonditu. mundina yojaneyu ondu church aagittu, mattu august nalli nelasamavannu nadesalaayitu. 8, 1940. kattadavu poornagonditu, mattu december nalli bishop geinmard avarinda samarpisalaayitu. adhe varsha 1. modala parish trustigalu furdinand nunez mattu harry veret aagiddaru. modala adhikruta parish daakhalegalu mayee 1939 ralli praarambhavaayitu. hindina daakhalegalannu 1892 ralli praarambhisi, jenningsnalli, 1904 rinda velsionalli mattu 1930 rinda ayovaadalli irisalaagittu. irisalaagittu rev. daniel habetz avaru father crommers avara nantara paadriyaagi adhikara vahisikondaru, mattu avara modala yojanegalalli ondaada saint. shree daana maadida aastiya mele heyasnalliruva daniel chappel. mattu srimati. felix hebert. ee prarthana mandiravannu april 16,1953 randu samarpisalaayitu mattu saint. daniel mission annu adhikrutavaagi saint. zaan vianni parish. kaleda kelavu varsagalalli, church soulabhyagalalli aneka sudhaaranegalannu maadalaagide. maadalaagide bell citiyalliruva church annu naveekarisalaayitu. rectory hinde ondu catechism kendravu ide, mattu bell city mattu hullugavalugalalli sabhaanganagalive. sabhaanganagalive, ee parish 375 kutumbagala sabhege seve sallisitu mattu padriyu rev aagiddaru. vii. vii nemakagonda wayne leblue. shishuviharadinda 12neey taragatiyavarege 250 vidyaarthigalu bodhanege haajaraagiddaru. mattondu pramukha sanghataneyu bell ct nites off columbus council 3048 aagide, idannu 1957rahra april april aayojisalaayitu mattu charter maadalaayitu, mathue frooze charter grand nait aagiddaru. aagiddaru srimati avara jote bell city ladys balipeethada sanghavannu rachisalaayitu. modala adhyaksharaagi dulwa deroen. deroen louisianada hesnalli srimati jotegudi ladys balipeethada sanghavannu aayojisalaayitu. modala adhyaksharaagi elias loraine. parition ardha shatamaanadalli, churchge needida atyuttama seveyannu gurutisi halavaaru pyarishiyangalannu gouravakkagi gurutisalaagide. srimati. helen jhounbrechar annu 1982 ralli pope zaan paul II avaru pope cross off aanar pro ecclesia ett pantifisninda alankarisidaru. mathue fruizannu saint kramadalli adhikariyagi hoodike maadalaayitu. maadalaayitu lafayet diasysninda bishop padakavannu sweekarisida nantara nantara bishop jude spirer charles avarinda. barbara theriot, ester harrington, merrie legger mattu paulin pool annu annu diasis off lake charles meesalaada sewa padakadinda alankarisalaayitu. sentge seve sallisida padrigala patti illide. zaan vianni parish, avarige pyarishge niyojisalaada varshagalondigeh 1939-rev. mathias zhe. crommers; 1950-rev. daniel habetz; 1958-rev. aa. doubleu. wyaan beauztenen; 1967-rev. fernand enn. goux; 1969-rev. rosair wheelux; 1973-rev. francis burjuwa; 1977-rev. robbert ell. shreev; 1985-rev. roland waghan; 1991-rev. milton pii. miller; 1993 rev. zaan aa. poreo mattu 1999-rev. vii. wine leblu. rev. albert borrell avaru zoon 30,2008 ravarege paadriyaagi seve sallisidaru, nantara avarannu sentge vargaayisalaayitu. westlakenalli zaan bosco.

bail ciity, louisiana bail ciity haah americetil louisiana yetheel calcassio parishchya aagney aagney sthit eka asanghatit samuday aahe. haah charles sarovar mahanagar kshetracha eka bhag aahe. bail ciity heey calcassio parishmadhye aahe, tathapi dastaivajikaran keleli aakadevari piin code 70630 sathee aahe jyat calcassio aanee cameron yaa done parishmadhye vibhag aahet. 70630 piin code akshansh 30.098 aanee rekhansh-93.013 varr aahe. bail ciity madhyavarti vel kshetrat (utc-6 taas) aahe aanee divasachya prakashat bachat vel palate. 2000 chya united stateschya jangananenusar, piin code 70630 madheel loksankhya 385 gruhnirman units 892 hotee; 143.85 chauras kimiche jameen kshetra. mail; 2.75 chauras chauras paanee kshetra. mail; aanee loksankhyechi ghanata prati chauras 6.20 lock. mail. 1902 chaa itihas. 1902 velsh rais belt journal mhanate keeh "louisiana westernchya lacasine vistaravaril naveen shahar (aar.aar.), yala 'aaa' chya navavarun 'bail ciity' asey naav denyat aale aahe. eae. yaa jaagechi ghanta, shaharachya sansthapak aanee pravartakanpaiki eka, jyache naav yapudhe asel." railway depo, tapal karyalay aanee shalechya mothya imaratisathi jaaga daan karnyat aalya aahet aanee yogya vyavastha karoon sahitya jaminivar odhale jaau shakel tevhach imaratiche kaam suru hoil. baaraa lott vikale gele aahet, jyavar vyavsayik ghare ubharali jaatil aanee anek nivassthananchi vikri karnyat aalee aahe. shahar chhanpane bund karnyat aale aahe aanee rastyanche vargikaran karnyache kaam aata suru aahe." gaddar. pii. doubleu. daniele aanee mea. eae. yaa shaharatil wesson sadhya eka mothe khadyapadarthanche dukan ubharat aahet aanee godam rabavat aahet aanee yaa vibhagatil sarvat vyast chhotya thikananpaiki eka bail ciity hoiparyant hii keval thodya velchi baab aahe. naveen shahar velshchya nairutyela pandhra mail antaravar aahe aanee bhaat pikavanyachya bhagachya madhyabhagi aahe aanee calcassiouchya tyaa bhagasathi eka vardan tharel. charles talav teey arther talavaparyantchya naveen railwaymargachya bandhkamamule tandul sanskratishi julavun ghetalela eka naveen desh ughadel aanee nairutya louisianamadhil tyaa trundhanyachya lagvadichya kshetramadhye lakshaniy bharr padel." ghatana aanee sanad. sumare 1895 madhye martin aanee viilii hebert aanee dallas aanee danne hayes yanni bail ciity baul parkchya sadhyachya jagevar khrishchan mahavidhyalay bandhale hote. tyat kiman chaar imarati hotya; done vasatigruhe, eka shikshak aanee kamgaransathi aanee eka vargasathi. 1907-17 janewari roji bail ciity merchantile companychi sanad. samanya vyapari vyavasay chalvanyasathi chalvanyasathi bhandavali sathyasah. isaq deron heey adhyaksh aahet, stephen eae. stein upadhyaksh asato, deronla sachiv aanee khajindar mhanoon shant karato. paul doubleu. daniele heey pahile sanchalak mandal aahet. 1908 march 24 roji louisiana yetheel bail ciity yethe adhivas asalelya bail ciity collegeche sanad jilha karkunakade dakhal karnyat aalee. 31 meey 1909 roji railway aayogane ahwal deela qee louisiana paschim railway bail ciity yethe eka sanyojan depo bandhanar aahe 1918 saalee sadhyachya bail ciity shaleche kaam suru jhaale. ell. dii. baine heey pahile pracharya hote, tyanantar tii. ess. cooley, thompson, james dent aanee stanford cocks jeey 32 varshe pracharya hote. hote mahayuddhachya kalat (1939-1945), bail citychya madhyabhagi eka yuddhakaidi shibir ubharanyat aale hote, jeey tyaa bhagatil bhagatil majuranna susajj karat hote, jyanche mulge aanee shetmajur yuddhala gele hote. 4 april 1944 roji bail ciity granthalay ughadale gele aanee moolatah bail ciity prathamik shalet 12:00 pii pasoon kamache taas thevanyat aale hote.emm. sandhyakali 5 vajeparyant.emm.mangalvar aanee shukravar. shrimati. max johnson heey pahile shakha vyavasthapak hote. august 1944 madhye, granthalay eka chhotyasha karyalayat halavanyat aale, jeey granthalay shakha vyavasthapak hannan wii. chey patee andreau delani yanchya malakiche hote. delani. 1990 paryant heey karyalayat thevanyat aale hote, jevha capital sudharana karyakramane jameen kharedi, nutanikaran aanee naveen imaraticha vistar karnyas parvanagi dilee. kaam purn jhaale aanee janewari 1994 madhye naveen granthalay ughadale gele. calcassio parrish sarvajanik granthalayane 28 december roji bail ciity aanee heyachya shakhanche vilinikaran kele. done shakhanche vilinikaran, jeey 1.2 mailanche antar aahe, kardware done minitanchi sahal, yaa bhagat adhik vardhit seva saksham karate. bail ciity shakhechya kamacha shevatcha divas 23 december 2009 hota. 1950 juuna 05 roji, bail ciity hye vyayamshaletil bail ciity-hays-holmwood lions clubla, sinh clubchya adhikrut sanghatanesathi eka sanad sadar karnyat aalee. 1951 teey 28 janewari, bail ciity yetheel brousard dugdhavyavasayala tyanchya pasteurization prakalpasathi shreni moolyankan midale. 1969 madhye jevha stainsford coxchya nivruttinantar hays aanee bail ciity shaala ekatra kelya gelya tevha clarence theriot bail ciity shalanche pracharya jhaale. bail ciity shaikshanik aanee ethleticsche aajivan samarthak asalelya bail ciity yetheel naveen vyayamshaleche aanee talala juuna 2022 madhye tyachya mrutyunantar clarence theriotche naav denyat aale. tyacha natoo tii. jeey. hoffpour shikshak, prashikshak aanee ethletic sanchalak mhanoon shalet sevecha varsa kayam thevat aahe. hawaman. 1 juuna teey 30 november yaa adhikrut chakrivadal hangamat bail cityche rahivasi nehmich nirvasitanchya shakyatechi jaaniv thevatat. sarasari, sarvat ushna mahina julai aahe, jyacha sarasari uchchank 91° phai. aahe. 2000 saalee nondavalele sarvadhik tapman 105° phai. hote. sarasari 41° phai. chya sarasari nichanki tapmanasah janewari haah sarvat thund mahina asato. 1951 madhye nondavalele sarvat qamee tapman 11° phai. hote. meey mahinyat sarasari 6.6 inch paus padalyane kamal sarasari paus padato aanee februvarimadhye sarasari 3.27 inch paus padalyane kiman sarasari paus padato. loksankhyashastra. 2000 united states janganana jansankhyikiy profile thalak vaishishtye baherche manoranjan. bail ciity drainage khandak shikar aanee masemarisathi pravesh dete. nairutya louisianachya kinarpattichya preyarimadhye 1937 madhye hivalyatil jalpakshyansathi nivassthan mhanoon tayar karnyat aalelya lacasine rashtriy vanyajeev aashrayachi hii paschim seema aahe. sarkar. rajyachya kayadyanusar, calcassio parrish police juriela vishesh jilhe, mandale, aayog ii. niyukt karnyacha adhikar aahe. parishmadhil niyukt kshetrasathi vishisht seva pradan karnyachya uddeshane. yapaiki pratyek jilha aanee mandale tyanchya swatachya upkramanche niyaman karatat aanee tyanche swatache andajpatrak asate. bail ciity heey calcassio parrish polis jurie jilha 10 madhye aahe. shikshan. keey-12 bail ciity hyschool, bail ciity, laa yethe upasthit rahatat. 2000 chya jangananenusar, bail citymadhye (70630) 25 varshanpeksha jaast vayache 604 praudh nondavale gele. tyapaiki 403 madhyamik shaletil padvidhar kinwa tyahoon adhik vayache aahet aanee 64 janankade padvi kinwa tyahoon adhik padvi aahet. church. seent johnn viennie church 1939 madhye sthapan seent. johnn viennie parrish heey calcassio nagri parishchya aagney bhagat aahe, jeey pramukhyane krishi kshetra aahe. parishchi sthapana adhikrutpane 1939 madhye sarvat revdware karnyat aalee. jewels buub. geinmard, lafayetche bishop, aanee teey bail ciity, hays aanee holmwood yaa teen samudayanna seva dete. parishchya sthapanepurvi, yaa bhagatil kaithalikanna louisiana yetheel jennings yetheel aamchya lady help auph khrishchan parishchya parishchya seva dilee jaat asey. nantar velsh, louisiana yetheel saat dollars parishchya aamchya lediche aanee nantar seent. louisiana yetheel ayova yetheel rafael paritione yaa bhagat samoohik utsav sajra keela. sentala samarpit eka prathanasthal. joseph 1900 chya sumaras bandhala gela aanee 1939 madhye vadalane tyacha naash hoiparyant too karyarat hota. sansthapak dharmaguru, rev. mathias jeey. crammers, april 1938 madhye goshti halavanyasathi aale. nidhi ubharani bajarpetha aayojit karnyasathi vedi societyne bandhalelya sabhagruhache samoohik utsavasathi tatpuratya prathanagruhat rupantar karnyat aale. father cramerchya karyasuchinmadhil pahila muddah mhanje eka rectory bandhane, jeey august 1939 madhye purn jhaale. pudhcha prakalp charchcha hota aanee augustmadhye bhoomipoojan karnyat aale. 8, 1940. hii imarat purn jhaali aanee bishop geinmard yanni decembermadhye tiche samarpan kele. tyach varshi 1. ferdinand nunez aanee harry vharet heey pahile parrish vishvast hote. parishchya pahilya adhikrut nondi meey 1939 madhye suru jhalya. purvichya nondi jenningjmadhye 1892 pasoon, velshmadhye 1904 pasoon aanee aayovamadhye 1930 pasoon thevalya gelya. 1950 madhye rev. daniele habetz heey father crammers yanchyanantar padari mhanoon nivadoon aale aanee seent cameriache bandhkam haah tyancha pahila prakalp hota. shree. yanni daan kelelya malmattevar, heyasmadhil daniele prathanagruh. aanee shrimati. felix hebert. heey prathanasthal 16 april 1953 roji samarpit karnyat aale aanee seent. daniele mission adhikrutpane centshee jodale gele hote. johnn viennie parrish. gelya kahee varshant charchchya suvidhanmadhye anek sudharana karnyat aalya aahet. 1981 madhye bail citymadhil churchche nutanikaran karnyat aale. rectorychya mage eka catechism kendra dekhil aahe aanee bail ciity aanee gavatanmadhye sabhagruhe aahet. 2000 saalee, paritione 375 kutumbanchya mandalichi seva kelee aanee padari haah rev hota. vhee. 1999 madhye niyukt jhalelya wein leblue. balwadipasun teey iyatta 12 paryantchya 250 vidyarthyanni shikshanala hajeri lavali. dusari pramukh sanstha mhanje bail cities nites auph columbus council 3048, jee 9 april 1957 roji aayojit aanee sanadi karnyat aalee hotee, jyat mathyu fruise hii sanadi grand nite mhanoon hotee. 1905 madhye shrimati yanchyabarobar bail ciity ladys vedi societychi sthapana karnyat aalee. dulwa deron heey pahile adhyaksh hote. 1952 madhye louisiana yetheel heyas yetheel ladys vedi societyche aayojan shrimati. elias lauren heey pahile adhyaksh hote. parishchya ardhashatkachya kalat charchchya utkrusht sevechya sanmanarth anek paritionsna sanmanarth nivadanyat aale aahe. shrimati. helen zounbraturela pope johnn paul dusra yane 1982 madhye pope cross auph aunar pro acclessia ett pontificene sajavale hote. mathyu froojchi sentchya kramane adhikari mhanoon guntavanuk karnyat aalee. 1966 madhye lafayetchya bishappasoon bishop padak prapt kelyanantar 1982 madhye bishop jude spirer yanni charles yanna dile. barbara theriot, ester harrington, merrie legger aanee paulin pool yanna 1992 madhye charles lekchya bishapprasad samarpit seva padakane sajavanyat aale. yethe santanchi seva kelelya padrinchi yadee aahe. johnn viennie parrish, tyanna parishla niyukt kelelya varshansah 1939-rev. mathias jeey. crammers; 1950-rev. daniele habetz; 1958-rev. aaa. doubleu. vanne buizten; 1967-rev. fernand aine. gauks; 1969-rev. rosire villukes; 1973-rev. francis burjuva; 1977-punaru. robbert ell. shrive; 1985-rev. roland wonn; 1991-rev. milton pii. miller; 1993 rev. johnn aii. poriyo aanee 1999-rev. vhee. wein leblue. rev. albert borel yanni 30 juuna 2008 paryant padari mhanoon kaam kele, jevha tyanchi seent seent yethe badali jhaali. westlakemadheel johnn bosco.

bayle city, louisiana bayle city sanyukta rajya americako louisiana, calcasiu parishko dakshinpurvi kunama awasthit ek anigamit samudaya how. yo taal charles mahanagariya kshetrako euta bhag how. bayle city calcasiu parishma chha, yadyapi kagjat garieko tathyanka zip code 70630 kaa lagi how jasma dui parishharu, calcasiu rar cameronma khandaharu chhan. 70630 zip code akshansh 30.098 rar deshantar-93.013 maa chha. bayle city kendriya samaya khetra (utc-6 ghanta) maa chha rar delight seving samaya awalokan gardacha. sann 2000 ko sanyukta rajya americako janagana anusar zip code 70630 maa janasankhya 385 awas ekaiharusahit 892 thiyo; 143.85 warga kilometerko bhumi khetra. mile; 2.75 warga kilometerko pani khetra. mile; rar prati warga kilometer 6.20 janako janasankhya ghanatwa. mile. sann 1902 ko itihas. sann 1902 ko wells rais belt journalle bhanchhah "nayan sahar, louisiana pashchimiko lacasine vistarma (arr.arr.), bayle city naam diieko chha, a ko nambata. ei. yass thaaunko bayle, saharka sansthapak rar pramotarharu madhye ek jasle abadekhi unko naam bokne chha." rail dipo, hulak karyalaya rar thulo vidyalaya bhawanka lagi sthalharu daan garieko chha rar uchit wyawastha garera samagri jaminma tanda bhawan nirman karya suru hunechha. bahra wata lutt bikri garieko chha, jasma wyaparik gharharu nirman garinechha, rar dherai gharharu bikri garieko chha. saharlai ramrari banda garieko chha rar sadakharuko shrenikaran garne kaam ahile pragatima chha." messers. pee. w. daniel rar mahm. ei. yass saharka wessionle hall thulo fid store khada gardai godam karyanwayan gariraheka chhan, rar bayle city yass khandako sabaibhanda wyasta sanah thaaunharu madhye ek nabhaesamma yo chhoto samayako kura how. nayan sahar welshbata pandhra mile dakshinapashchimma awasthit chha, rar dhaan utpadan garne khandako bichma chha rar calcasiuko tyas bhagka lagi wardan hunechha. lake charlesdekhi lake artharsamma nayan railmargko nirmanle dhaan sanskritima anukul nayan desh kholnecha rar dakshinapashchim louisianama tyas annako khetiko kshetrama ullekhaniya rupma thap garnechha." ghatana rar charterharu. lagbhag 1895 christian college bayle city ball parkko wartaman cytema martin rar willy hebert rar dallas rar daan hesdwara nirman garieko thiyo. yasama kamtima charawata bhawanharu thie; dui chhatrawasharu, euta shikshak rar kamadarharuka lagi, rar euta kakshakothaka lagi. 1907-17 janawari bayle city mercantile companyko charter. samanya wyaparik wyapar sanchalanka lagi $10,000 ko punji stokko sath. isak derun rashtrapati hun, stephen eae. stein upadhyaksha hun, sachiva rar khajanedarma derunlai shanta parnuhos. pall w sanga. danielharu tiniharu pahilo nirdeshak board hun. 1908 march 24 bayle city, louisianama adhiwas bhaeko bayle city collegeko charter zilla clerksanga darta garieko thiyo. mey 31,1909 rail ayog report louisiana paschimi railway bayle shaharma ek sanyojan dipo nirman garne chha sann 1918 maa wartaman bayle city schol sanchalan suru bhayo. ld bayne pahilo principle thie, tyasapachhi ties kule, thompson, james dent rar stanford cokes jo 32 warshasamma principle thie. dosro wishwayuddhako samayama (1939-1945), bayle sitiko kendrama euta yuddha bandi shivir khada garieko thiyo, jasle kshetraka kisanharuka lagi majdurharu prastut garthyo jaska chhoraharu rar khetka hatharu yudhama gaeka thie. sann 1944 april 4 maa bayle city pustakalaya kholieko thiyo rar muel rupma bayle city prathamik vidyalayama 12:00 p batt sanchalanko ghantako sath rakhieko thiyo.emm. sanjha 5 baje samma.emm., mangalbar rar shukrabar. shrimati. max johnson pahilo shakha prabandhak thie. august 1944 maa, pustakalayako shakha prabandhak, hanan banam kaa pati andrew delaniko swamitwama raheko sano karyalayama pustakalaya sario. delani. yo sann 1990 samma karyalayama rakhieko thiyo jab rajdhani sudhar karyakramle jagga kharid, nawikaran rar nayan bhawanko wistarlai anumati diyo. kaam sampanna bhayo rar janawari 1994 maa nayan pustakalaya kholieko thiyo. calcasiu parish sarvajanik pustakalayale december 28 maa bayle city rar heyas shakhaharu vilaya garyo. dui shakhaharuko vilaya, june 1.2 mile tadha chha, karbata dui minetko yatrale yass kshetrama thap unnat sewa saksham gardacha. bayle city shakhako sanchalanko antim dina december 23,2009 thiyo. 1950 june 05 sinha clubharuko adhikarik sanghaka lagi euta charter bayle city-heyaj-homewod sinha clublai bayle city hai wyayamshalama prastut garieko thiyo. sann 1951-28 janawari bayle sitiko brosard deyarile afno pasteurization plantka lagi grade mulyankan prapta gyoa. sann 1969 maa stanford koksako sewaniwritti pachhi haze rar bayle city schoolharu sanyukta bhaepachi clarence theriot bayle city schoolharuko principle bane. bayle city shikshawid rar ethletiksko ajiwan samarthak, bayle sitiko nayan zim rar floor june 2022 maa unko mrityu pachhi clarence theriotko naam rakhieko thiyo. unka naati, tije hofpaurle shikshak, prashikshak, rar athletic nirdeshakko rupma vidyalayama afno sewako virasata jaari rakheka chhan. mausam. bayle cityka basindaharu june 1 dekhi november 30 samma adhikarik aandhiko mausamma nikasiko sambhawanabare sadhain sachet rahanchhan. ausatma, sabaibhanda tato mahina july how jasko ausat uccha 91° fahrenheit hunchha. sann 2000 maa sabaibhanda badhi 105 degree fahrenheit tapakram record garieko thiyo. ausatma, sabaibhanda chiso mahina janawari how jasko ausat nyun 41 degree fahrenheit hunchha. sann 1951 maa sabaibhanda cum 11 degree fahrenheit tapakram record garieko thiyo. adhikatam ausat warsha maima 6.6 inchko ausat warshaka sath hunchha rar nyunatam ausat warsha februaryma 3.27 inchko ausat warshaka sath hunchha. janasankhyiki. 2000 sanyukta rajya americako janagana janasankhyikiya profile highlightharu bahiri manoranjan. bayle city drenez khadalle sikar rar machha marney pahunchalai anumati dinchha. yasale lacasine rashtriya vanyajantu sharanko paschimi sima banaunchha june sann 1937 maa dakshinapashchimi luisianako tatiya prairima shitkalin jalchar charaharuko basasthanko rupma sirjana garieko thiyo. sarkar. rajyako kanunanusar, calcasiu parish police jurisanga vishesh zilla, board, ayog adi niyukta garne adhikar chha. parisabhitra tokieko kshetraka lagi wishishta sewaharu pradan garne uddeshyaka lagi. yee pratyek zilla rar boardharule afnai gatiwidhiharu niyantran garchhan rar yasako afnai budget chha. bayle city calcasiu parish police jurie zilla 10 maa chha. shiksha. key-12 bayle city hai schol, bayle city, lah maa upasthit hunchha. sann 2000 ko janaganaanusar bayle cityma 25 warshabhanda mathika 604 zana wayaska (70630) chhan, jasmadhye 403 zana uccha vidyalaya snatak wa uccha rar 64 zana snatak wa uccha degree bhaeka chhan. charchaharu. cent john bhiyani church sann 1939 maa sthapana cent. john bhianni pyarishle calcasiu nagarik pyarishko dakshinpurvi bhag ogateko chha, june mukhyataya krishi khetra how. yo parish adhikarik rupma sann 1939 maa sabaibhanda revdwara sthapit bhaeko thiyo. jools bee. lafayetka bishop genmard, rar yasale tean samudayharulai sewa dinchha-bayle city, haze rar holmwod. parishko sthapana hunuaghi, yass kshetraka catholickharulai louisianaka jeningsma christian parishko hamro mahila sahayogka pujariharule sewa dieka thie. pachhi welsh, louisiana rar tyasapachhi centbata saat dollarsko hamro lediko padariharu. luisianako ayowama raheko rafael parisle yass kshetrama samuhik utsava manaeko thiyo. centlai samarpit euta chapel. josef lagbhag 1900 maa nirman garieko thiyo, rar 1939 maa aandhile nashta nabhaesamma sewa gyoa. sansthapak paster, rev. mathias jey. cramers, april 1938 maa chijharu sarna aipuge. vedi societyle kosh sankalan bajarharu ayojana garna banaeko halalai samuhik utsabka lagi asthayi chapelma parinat garieko thiyo. father kryamarko agendama pahilo wastu rectoryko nirman thiyo, june august 1939 maa sampanna bhaeko thiyo. arko pariyojana euta church thiyo, rar augustma shilanyas garieko thiyo. 8, 1940. bhawan sampanna bhaeko thiyo, rar decemberma bishop ginmardwara samarpit garieko thiyo. eutai warshako 1. pahilo parish trustiharu ferdinand nunez rar harry bheret thie. pahilo adhikarik parish recordharu mey 1939 maa suru bhayo. pahileka recordharu jeningsma rakhieka thie, 1892 maa suru bhayo, 1904 dekhi velshama rar 1930 dekhi ayowama. sann 1950 maa rev. daniel habetzle buba cramerslai pasterko rupma safal banae, rar unko pahilo pariyojanaharu madhye ek centko nirman thiyo. shridwara daan garieko sampattima heysma daniel chappel. rar shrimati. felix hebert. yo chappel april 16,1953 maa samarpit garieko thiyo. daniel mission adhikarik rupma centsanga jodieko thiyo. john bhianni pyarish. warshaundekhi charchaka suwidhaharuma dherai sudharharu garieka chhan. sann 1981 maa bayle sitiko charchako jirnoddhar garieko thiyo. tyahan rectoryko pachhadi euta catechism kendra pani chha, rar bayle city rar hejma halharu chhan. sann 2000 maa, parisle 375 pariwarharuko mandaliko sewa gyoa rar paster rev thie. wee. sann 1999 maa niyukta wene leblu kindergartendekhi kaksha 12 sammaka 250 zana vidyarthiharule nirdeshanma bhag lie. arko pramukh sangathan bayle sitiko night aff columbus council 3048 how, june april 9,1957 maa charter grand nightko rupma mathyu fruzko sath wyawasthit rar chartered garieko thiyo. bayle city ladys vedi society sann 1905 maa shrimatisanga milera gathan garieko thiyo. dulwa derun pratham rashtrapatiko rupma. luisianako heyama ladys vedi society sann 1952 maa shrimatiko sathama ayojana garieko thiyo. alias loren pahilo rashtrapatiko rupma. charchako adha shatabdiko samayama charchako utkrishta sewako manyatama sammanka lagi dherai padariharulai chhutyaieko chha. shrimati. heylen jonbrecharlai pope john pall dwitiyale sann 1982 maa pope cruss aff unner pro acclesia att pontificele sajaieko thiyo. mathyu frujlai centko kramama ek officerko rupma lagani garieko thiyo. sann 1966 maa lafayetko diocysbata bishapko padak prapta garepachhi sann 1982 maa bishop jude spirardwara charles. barbara theriot, aster harrington, merry legger rar palin pulalai sann 1992 maa diocese aff lake charles samarpit sewa padakle sajaieko thiyo. yahan cent sewa gareka pasterharuko suchi chha. john bhiyani pyarish, warshaharu tiniharu pyarishma tokieko thiyoh 1939-rev. mathias jey. cramers; 1950-rev. daniel habetz; 1958-rev. ae. w. bhyan buijenen; 1967-rev. fernand enn. gauks; 1969-rev. rosair bhelex; 1973-rev. francis burjuwa; 1977-rev. robert ell. shribh; 1985-rev. roland wann; 1991-rev. milton pee. miller; 1993 rev. john ae. poerio rar 1999-rev. wee. wein leblu. rev. albert borelle june 30,2008 samma pasterko rupma sewa gare, jab uni centma sthanantaran bhae. westleckma john bosco.

bail city, louisiana bail city heuchhi eka anigamita sampradai jaahaa americara louisianara kalkasiju parishar dakhina-purba konare abasthita . ehaa charles hrada mahanagar anchalara eka ansha. bail city kalkasiju parishre achhi, tebe documented parisankhyana jipa code 70630 paain jaahaa duiti parish, kalkasiju ebong cameronre bibhaga achhi . 70630 jip code akhyansha 30.098 ebong draghima-93.013 ray achhi. bail city kendriah samai john (yutisi-6 ghanta) ray achhi ebong dibaloka sanchai samai palana kare . 2000 masihar juktarastrara janganana anujai, jip code code 70630ray abas unit sahita 892 john janasankhya thile; jahara khetraphala thila 143.85 berg kii. mea.. mile; 2.75 berg kilometres eka jala khetra. mile; ebong janasankhya ghanatwa prati berg kilometre 6.20 lock. mile. 1902 masihar itihas. 1902 wels raisa belt journal kahichhih "louisiana paschimara lacacin samprasarana upare nutan sahara (r.aarr.), 'a' nka naamare 'bail city' naamare namit hoichhi. ee. ehi sthanara ghanta, saharar pratisthata ebong promotermananka madhyaru jane jaahaa aau taanka naama bahn kariba ." eka rela depo, dakghar ebong eka budd bidyalaja kotha paain sthana daana karajaichi ebong upajukta byabastha karajiba ebong samagreeku bhumire taniba sahita building karjya arambha heba . barati lutt bikri hoichhi, jaahaa upare byabasajika ghara nirmana karajiba, ebong aneka abas lutt bikri hoichhi . saharaku bhal bhabe chhatei karajaichi ebong rastagudikara grading karjya ebe chalichi." gandagola. pii. wa. daniels ebong mun. ee. ehi saharar wesan bartamana eka budd feed store nirmana karuchanti ebong godam karjyakaree karuchanti, ebong bail city ehi bibhagara sabutharu byastabahula chhot sthana madhyaru gotie heba parjyanta ehaa alpa samaira kathaa . nutan saharati welsra pander mile dakhina-paschimare abasthita, ebong dhaana utpadana karuthiba eka bibhaga madhyare achhi ebong kalkasiyur sehi ansha paain eka ashirbada heba . charles hradaru arther hrada parjyanta nutan relpath nirmana dhaana sanskruti sahita khap khuaiba paain eka nutan desh kholiba ebong dakhina-paschima luisianare sehi shasya chaash khetrare yathesta brudhi kariba." ghatana ebong charter. 1895 masihare khristian college bail city bull parker barttamanara sthanare martin ebong wili hebert ebong dalas ebong daan hejasnka dwara nirmita hoithila. ethire ati kamare charoti kotha thila; duiti shajanakhya, gotie sikhyaka ebong shramikanka paain ebong gotie shrenigruha paain . 1907 januari 17-bail city mercantile coe. rahr charter. sadharana banijya karbar chalaiba paain $10,000rahr punji stock sahita. isaq deroen heuchhanti rastrapati, stephen ee. stein heuchhanti upadhyakhya, sachiba ebong khajanadhikari bhabe deruenanku shant karantu. pull waa. denijalmane heuchhanti pratham nirdeshaka mandali. 1908 march 24-bail city colleger charter, bail city, louisiana thaare eka basasthana sahita zillah kiraneenka nikatare dakhal karajaithila. 1909 meey meey relpath aajoga report karithile je louisiana paschima rela bail saharare eka milita depo nirmana kariba. 1918 masihare barttamanara bail city skula karjya arambha karithila. ell. dii. bayne pratham adhyakhya thile, taa 'parey tii. ess. kuli, thumpson, james dent ebong stanford cokes jie 32 barsha dhari adhyakhya thile. dwiteeja biswajudha samajare (1939-1945), bail sitira kendrare eka juddha bandi shibir nirmana karajaithila, jaahaa anchalara krushakamananka paain shramikamananku sajjit karuthila, jahanka pua ebong chaash haata judhaku jaithile . 1944 masiha april 4 tarikhare bail city library kholajaithila ebong moolatah bail city prathamika bidyalajare 12:00 p ru karjya samai sahita rakhajaithila.emm. aparanha aparanha parjyanta.emm., mangalabara ebong sukrabara. srimati. max johnston pratham shakha parichalaka thile. 1944 masiha august maasare, library shakha parichalaka hannon banamanka swamee andryu delaninka malikanare thiba eka chhot karjyalajaku library sthanantarita hoithila. delany. 1990 masiha parjyanta ehaa karjyalajare rahithila, jetebele rajdhani unnati karjyakram jami kraiah, nabikarana ebong eka nutan kothara samprasaranaku anumathi deithila. karjya shesh hoithila ebong 1994 masiha januari maasare nutan pathagara kholajaithila. december 28 ray kalkasiju parish public library bail city ebong haze shakhaku mishran karithila. duiti shakhar mishran, jaahaa 1.2 mile doorare achhi, karare dui minitor jatra, ehi anchalaku adhika bardhita seba sakhyama kare . bail city shakhar karjyakaritara shesh deane thila december 23,2009. 1950 june june bail city haai jimnasijamare bail city-heyas-homeud lions klabku singh klabagudikara sarkari sangha paain eka charter pradan karajaithila. 1951 januari 28 ray bail sitira brasarda diary semanankara pasteurization plant paain grade reting paithila . | stanford kaxanka absar grahan parey clarence theriot bail city schooler adhyakhya hoithile, jetebele haze ebong bail city skulaku ekatra karajaithila. bail city academic ebong athleticsra ajiban samarthaka, bail sitira nutan zim ebong floor june 2022 ray taanka mrutyu parey clarence therijatnka naamare namit hoithila. taanka naati, tije hafpaur jane sikhyaka, prashikhyaka ebong athletic nirdeshaka bhabare bidyalajare tankara seba uttaradhikara jaari rakhichhanti . jalabaju. june 1 ru navember 30 parjyanta sarkari ghurnibatya ruture sthanantara hebara sambhabana bishajare bail sitira basindamane sarbada sachetan ruhanti . harahari bhabe, july maasa heuchhi sabutharu ushma maasa, jahara harahari tapmatra 91°fahrenheit. 2000 masihare sarbadhika record karajaithiba tapmatra 105 degree fahrenheit thila. harahari bhabe, sabutharu thanda maasa heuchhi januari, jahara harahari sarbanimna tapmatra 41°fahrenheit. sarbanimna record karajaithiba tapmatra tapmatra 11 degree fahrenheit thila. meey maasare sarbadhika harahari brustipata hoithae, harahari brustipata 6.6 inch ebong sarbanimna harahari brustipata februari maasare hoithae, jahara harahari brustipata 3.27 inch hoithae. janasankhyika. 2000 juktarastra america janganana janasankhikeeja profile highlite bahare manoranjan. bail city drenez ditch shikara ebong maacha dhariba paain prabesha karibaku anumathi die . ehaa lacacin jatiah banyajantu aashrajasthalara paschima seema gathan kare jaahaa dakhina-paschima louisianara upakula preirire shitakalina jalapakheenka abasasthali bhabare 1937 ray srusti karajaithila . sarkar. rajya ine anujai, kalakasiju parish police jurinkara swatantra zillah, board, commission ityadi nijukta karibara khyamata achhi . parish madhyare eka nirdista anchala paain nirdista seba pradan kariba uddeshyare. ehi zillah ebong boardgudika madhyaru pratyeka nijaswa karjyakalapa parichalana karanti ebong ehara nijaswa budget achhi . bail city kalkasiju parish police jurie zillah 10 ray achhi . sikhya. kee-12 bail city haiskul, bail city, laa ray joga dianti . 2000 janganana anusare, bail sitira 25 barsharu adhika baisar 604 john bayaska (70630). semananka madhyaru 403 john haiskul snataka kimba taa 'thaaru adhika ebong 64 john snataka degree kimba taa' thaaru adhika hassel karithile. church. cent zohn bhiani church 1939 masihare sthapita cent. zohn bhiani parish, mukhyatah krushi pradhan anchala, kalkasiju sivila parishra dakhina-purba anshaku adhikara karichhi. ehi parishaku sarkari bhabe 1939 masihare sabutharu adhika rebhanka dwara pratistha karajaithila. julesa bii. lafajetra bishop, ginmard, ebong ehaa tinoti sampradai-bail city, haze ebong holmoud-ku seba pradan kare . parish pratistha purbaru, ehi anchalare kyathalikmane louisianara jeningsare khristian parish rahr ammer mahila sahajatara purohitanka dwara seba karajauthila . parey wels, louisiana ebong taa 'parey sentaru saata dollar pyarisara ammer bhadramahilara purohitamane. louisianara aaiwaare rafale parish ehi anchalare samuhika utsaba palana karithile . sentanku utsargeekruta eka chappel . joseph 1900 masihare nirmita hoithila, ebong 1939 masihare eka jhadare ehaa dhwansa heba parjyanta karjya karithila. pratisthata dharmajajaka, rebh. mathias jay. cramers, jinisagudika chalachanchal karibaku april 1938 ray pahanchithile . eka hull jaahaa jagyabedi society panthi sangraha bajaara ayojan kariba paain nirmana karithila, taaha samuhika utsaba paain eka asthajee chapelare rupantarita hoithila . father kramarnka agendare pratham itom thila eka rectory nirmana, jaahaa august 1939 ray samapta hoithila . parabarti prakalpati thila eka church, ebong august maasare bhittiprastara sthapana karajaithila. 8, 1940. ehi attalikati sampurna hoithila, ebong decemberare bishop jinamardanka dwara utsarga karajaithila. sehi barsha 1. pratham parish trusty thile fordinand nunez ebong harry veret. pratham sarkari parish record meey 1939 ray arambha hoithila. purbaru recordgudika jeningsare rakhajaithila, 1892 ru arambha hoi, 1904 ru welsre ebong 1930 ru aioware . 1950 masihare ray. daniel hebtz pita kramarsanka parey padri bhabare karjya karithile, ebong tankara pratham prakalpagudika madhyaru gotie thila cent. shreenka dwara daana karajaithiba sampatti upare hejsare thiba daniel chappel. ebong srimati. felix hebert. ehi church 1953 masiha april maasa 16 tarikhare utsarga karajaithila ebong cent. daniel missionku aanusthanika bhabe cent. zohn bhiani parish. bigata barshagudikare, church subidha khetrare aneka unnati karajaichi. 1981 masihare bail sitira charchaku nabikarana karajaithila. rectory pachare eka catechism kendra madhya achhi, ebong bail city ebong haze ray hull . 2000 masihare, ehi parish parish paribarara eka mandaleeku seba pradan karithila ebong padri thile rebh. bhi. wen leblu, 1999 ray nijukta. kindergarten ru dwadasha shreni parjyanta 250 chhatra nirdeshare joga deithile . anya eka pramukh sangathana heuchhi bail sitira nights off columbus council 3048, jaahaa april 9,1957 ray ajojita ebong chartard hoithila, ebong mathyu fraz charter grand night bhabare . 1905 masihare shrimatinka saha mishi bail city ladys alter society gathan karajaithila. pratham rastrapati bhabe dulabha deroen. louisianara haze thaare 1952 masihare shrimatinka saha 'ladys ulteraty society' rahr ayojan karajaithila. pratham rastrapati bhabe elias lauren. parishar ardha shatabdire church prati ullekhaneeah seba paain aneka parishijanaranku sammana paain manoneet karajaichi. srimati. hellen jonabrecharanku 1982 masihare pope zohn pull dwiteejanka dwara pope cruce off unner pro ekalesia ait pontifices dwara sajjit karajaithila. matheu frujnku jane adhikari bhabe sentanka kramare nibesh karajaithila. 1966 masihare lafajetra bishapnka thaaru bishop padaka grahan kariba parey 1982 masihare bishop jude spairarnka dwara charles. barbara theriot, ester haringatan, merrie legger ebong paulin pool 1992 ray diocese off lake charles utsargeekruta seba padaka sahita sajjit hoithile . ethaare cent seba karithiba padrimananka eka talika achhi . zohn bhiani parish, semananku parish paain diajaithiba barsha sahitah 1939-rebh . mathias jay. cramers; 1950-rebh. daniel habetz; 1958-rebh. aii. wa. bhaan buijeten; 1967-rebh. fernand enn. gouks; 1969-rebh. rojera velex; 1973-rebh. francis burjua; 1977-rebh. robert ell. sribha; 1985-rebh. roland bhann; 1991-rebh. milton pii. miller; 1993 rebh. zohn aii. poerio ebong 1999-rebh. bhi. wen leblu. ray. albert borell june 30,2008 parjyanta padri bhabare karjya karithile, jetebele tanku cent. westlake ray zohn bosco

ghanti shehar, luciana ghanti shehar ikk gair-sangathit bhaichara haii joe calcasiu parish, luciana, sanyukat raaj dey dakkhan-purbi coney witch sathit haii. ih charles jheel mahanagri khetar daa hissa haii. ghanti shehar calcasiu parish witch haii, halanki dastavezit ankade zip code 70630 laee hunn jiss dey doou parish, calcasiu atey cameron witch hisse hunn. 70630 zip code akshansh 30.098 atey lambkar-93.013 utte haii. ghanti shehar kendri samaan khetar (utc-6 ghante) witch haii atey dinn dey ujale dee bachat daa samaan vekhda haii. sanyukat raaj dee 2000 dee mardamshumari dey anusar, zip code 70630 witch aabadi 892 see jiss witch 385 rihaishi ikaiaan sunn; 143.85 varag kilometer daa ikk zameen khetar. meal; 2.75 varag kilometer daa paanee daa khetarfal. meal; atey 6.20 lokan pratee varag kilometer dee aabadi ghanta. meal. 1902 daa itihaas. 1902 velash raees bellet journal kahinda haiyav "navaan shehar, luciana pachmi dey lacassin vistaar utte (aar.aar.), daa naam ghanti shehar rakkhiaa giaa haii, a dey naam utte. ee. iss sathaan dee ghanti, shehar dey sansthapkan atey promotran vicchon ikk haii joe hunn toon uss daa naam rakhega." ikk rail dipu, dakghar atey ikk vaddi school imaarat laee sathaan daan keete gaye hunn atey jiven hii uchit parbandh keete jaa sakde hunn atey samaggari noon zameen 'teey suttiaa jaa sakda haii, imaarat daa kamm shuru hoow javega. baaran laatan vechiaan gaeeaan hunn, jinhan utte vaparak gharr banaae jaange atey bahut saare rihaishi laatan vechiaan gaeeaan hunn. shehar noon changi tarahan bnd qarr ditta giaa haii atey sadkan noon grading curran daa kamm hunn chall riha haii." gusse witch aaa. pee. w. daniels atey I. ee. iss shehar dey vaisan iss vele ikk vadda feed store bnaa rahey hunn atey warehouse noon lagu qarr rahey hunn, atey ih siraf thode samein dee gall haii jadon takk kii ghanti shehar iss bhaag witch sabh toon viasat chhotiaan thaavan vicchon ikk naheen hovega. navaan shehar velash toon pandran meal dakkhan-pachham witch sathit haii, atey chawal ugaun vaale hisse dey vichkaar haii atey calcasiu dey uss hisse laee ikk vardaan hovega. charles jheel toon arther jheel takk navein railmarg dey nirman naal chawal sabheyachar dey anukool ikk navaan desh khullehga atey dakkhan-pachmi luciana witch uss anaaj dee kaashat dey khetar witch kaafi vaadha hovega." ghatnavan atey charter. lagbhag 1895 christian kaalaj martin atey villie habert atey dallas atey daena haze duaara baill city baal park dee maujuda jagha 'teey banaiaa giaa see. iss witch ghatto ghatt chaar imaratan sunn; doou hostal, ikk adhiaapak atey mazdooran laee atey ikk classroom laee. 1907-17 janwari noon baill city mercantile company daa charter. aam vaparak carobar chalaun laee $10,000 dey poonji stock dey naal. isaak deron rashtarpati hunn, stephen ee. stein upp pardhan haii, sakattar atey khazanchi witch deron noon shaant crow. paal w dey naal. daniels uh pahile nirdeshak mandal hunn. 1908 march 24-baill city, luciana vikhe ikk nivas dey naal baill city kaalaj daa charter zilha clerk cole daair keeta giaa see. 31 maee 1909 railmarg commission neey dassiaa kii luciana pachmi railway ghanti shehar witch ikk sanyukat dipu daa nirman curran jaa riha haii. 1918 witch maujuda baill city school daa sanchalan shuru hoiaa. ail. dee. baine pahile principle sunn, iss toon baad tii. aiss. cooley, thomson, james dent atey stanford cox sunn joe 32 saalan takk principle rahey. dooje vishav yuddh (1939-1945) dauran, ghanti shehar dey kendra witch ikk jangi kaidi camp lagaiaa giaa see, joe khetar dey kisanan laee mazdooran noon tiaar karda see jinhan dey puttar atey khet dey hatth yuddh witch chaley gaye sunn. 4 aprail 1944 noon ghanti shehar dee library kholhi gaee atey asal witch ghanti shehar dey elementary school witch 12:00 p toon sanchalan dey ghantiaan dey naal rakkhi gaee see.aim. shaam 5 vaje takk.aim., mangalwar atey shukkarwar. shriman jee. maikas johnston pahile shakha manager sunn. agast 1944 witch, library dey shakha manager, hannon banaam dey patee aindrioo delany dee malkiat vaale ikk chhote jihe daftar witch library noon tabdil qarr ditta giaa. delani. ih 1990 takk daftar witch rakkhiaa giaa see jadon rajdhani sudhar program neey zameen dee khareed, navinikaran atey ikk naveen imaarat dey vistaar dee aagiaa ditti see. kamm poora hoow giaa atey naveen library janwari 1994 witch kholhi gaee. calcasiu parish public library neey 28 dasambar noon ghanti shehar atey hays shakhavan noon milaa ditta. doou shakhavan daa ralevan, joe kii 1.2 meal dee doori 'teey hunn, qaar duaara doou mint dee yaatra, khetar witch vadhere vadhee hoee seva noon samrath banaundi haii. ghanti shehar dee shakha laee sanchalan daa aakhri dinn 23 dasambar, 2009 see. 1950 juun 05 noon ghanti shehar dey ucch gymnasium witch ghanti shehar-haze-homewood shher club noon shher kalabban dee adhikarat association laee ikk charter pesh keeta giaa see. 1951 atey 28 janwari noon baill city vikhe brossard dayeri noon aapne pasteurization plant laee grade ikk rating millie. 1969 witch clarence thereot baill city schoolan daa principle baniaa jadon hays atey baill city schoolan noon jodiaa giaa atey stanford cox dee retirement toon baad. baill city akadamik atey athletics dey jeevan bharr samarthak, baill city vikhe navein jimm atey flore daa naam juun 2022 witch uss dee maut toon baad clarence theriot laee rakkhiaa giaa see. uss daa pota, teeje hofpour ikk adhiaapak, coach atey athletic director vajon school witch aapni seva dee virasat noon jaari rakkhda haii. jalvayu. ghanti shehar dey vasneek 1 juun toon 30 navambar takk adhikarat toofan dey mausam dauran nikasi dee sambhavna toon hamesha jaanhu rahinde hunn. austan, sabh toon garam maheena julai hunda haii jiss daa ausat ucch tapman 91° fahrenheit hunda haii. saal 2000 witch sabh toon vaddh tapman 105 digri fahrenheit daraj keeta giaa see. austan, sabh toon thanda maheena janwari haii jiss daa ausat ghatt tapman 41 ° fahrenheit haii. sabh toon ghatt tapman 1951 witch 11 digri fahrenheit daraj keeta giaa see. maee witch 6.6 inch dee ausat varkha dey naal vaddh toon vaddh ausat varkha hundi haii atey farvari witch ghatto ghatt ausat varkha hundi haii jiss witch 3.27 inch dee ausat varkha hundi haii. jansankhiaa. 2000 sanyukat raaj mardamshumari jansankhiaa profile deeaan mukkh gallan baahari manoranjan. ghanti shehar dee drainage khaee shikar atey machhi fadan dee pahunch dee aagiaa dindi haii. ih lacassin rashtari jangli jeev panaah dee pachmi sarhadd banaunda haii joe sann 1937 witch dakkhan-pachmi luciana dey tattvarti prairi witch sardiaan dey jall panchhiaan laee ikk nivas sathaan vajon banaiaa giaa see. sarkaar. raaj dey kanoon anusar, calcasiu parish pulis jioori cole vishesh zilhiaan, boardan, commission aadi dee niyukti curran daa adhikar haii. parish dey ander ikk nirdharat khetar laee vishesh sevavan pardan curran dey udesh laee. inhan vicchon harek zilha atey board aapniaan gatividhiaan noon niyantrit karde hunn atey unhan daa aapna buzzet hunda haii. ghanti shehar calcassue parish pulis jioori zilha 10 witch haii. sikkhiaa. keey-12 baill city hyee school, baill city, laa witch padahda haii. 2000 dee mardamshumari witch 25 saal toon vaddh umar dey 604 baalag (70630) daraj keete gaye sunn, jinhan vicchon 403 hyee school graduate jaan iss toon uppar dey hunn atey 64 cole bachelor digri jaan iss toon uppar dee digri haii. church. cent john vioni church 1939 witch sathapit shh. john vienni parish calcasiu sival parish dey dakkhan-purbi hisse utte kabza karda haii, joe ikk mukkh taur utte khetibadi khetar haii. parish dee sathapana adhikarat taur utte 1939 witch sabh toon vaddh raiv duaara keeti gaee see. jules bee. geinmard, lafaiet dey bishop, atey ih tinn bhaichariaan-ghanti shehar, praag atey holmwood dee seva karda haii. parish dee sathapana toon pahilan, iss khetar witch catholican dee seva jennings, luciana witch isai parish dee saadi lady help dey padrian duaara keeti jaandi see. baad witch velash, luciana witch satt dollar parish dee saadi lady toon padri atey firr cent toon. iova, luciana witch rafael parish neey khetar witch samoohak jashan manaiaa. cent noon samarpit ikk chappel. joseph noon lagbhag 1900 witch banaiaa giaa see, atey 1939 witch ikk toofan duaara tabah honn takk iss neey seva keeti see. sansthapak padri, rev. mathias jey. crommers, aprail 1938 witch cheezan noon hilaun laee pahunche. ikk haal joe jagvedi suciety neey fund ikkatha curran vaale bazaran noon aayojit curran laee banaiaa see, noon jantak samaroh laee ikk asthai chappel witch badal ditta giaa see. faadar cramer dey agende 'teey pahili cheez ikk rattery daa nirman see, joe agast 1939 witch poora hoiaa see. agla project ikk church see, atey neenh patthar agast noon rakkhiaa giaa see. 8, 1940. imaarat puurii hoow gaee see, atey bishop geinmard duaara dasambar noon samarpit keeti gaee see. use saal 1. pahile parish trusty ferdinand nunez atey hairi varret sunn. pahile adhikarat parish ricard maee 1939 witch shuru hoye sunn. pahilan dey ricard 1892 witch shuru hoye jennings witch, 1904 toon welsch witch atey 1930 toon iova witch rakkhe gaye sunn. 1950 witch raie. daniel habetz padri dey roop witch pitaa cramers toon baad aaiaa, atey uss dey pahile projectan vicchon ikk cent dee usari see. shriman duaara daan keeti gaee jaidad utte, hays witch daniel chappel. atey shriman jee. felix habert chappel noon 16 aprail, 1953 noon samarpit keeta giaa see atey cent. daniel mission adhikarat taur utte cent naal judiaa hoiaa see. john vienni parish pichle saalan dauran, church deeaan sahulatan witch bahut saare sudhar keete gaye hunn. sann 1981 witch baill city witch church daa navinikaran keeta giaa see. rattery dey pichhe ikk catechism kendra vee haii, atey ghanti shehar atey praag witch haal hunn. saal 2000 witch, parish neey 375 parivaran dee ikk sangat dee seva keeti atey padri rev see. vee. vene lablu, jiss noon 1999 witch niyukat keeta giaa see, neey kindergarten toon lae keey keey jamaat takk dey 250 vidiaarthiaan neey sikkhiaa witch hissa liaa. ikk horr pramukh sangathan baill cities nights aaf columbs consul 3048 haii, jiss noon 9 aprail, 1957 noon charter grand night vajon maithyu farooj dey naal aayojit atey charter keeta giaa see. ghanti shehar ladys bellet suciety daa gathan 1905 witch shrimati naal keeta giaa see. pahile rashtarpati vajon dulwa deron. haze, luciana witch ladys belteri suciety daa ayojan 1952 witch shrimati naal keeta giaa see. pahile rashtarpati dey roop witch alius lorain. parish dee addhi sadee dauran church dee shandar seva noon maanta denh laee kaee padrian noon sanman laee chunhiaa giaa haii. shriman jee. helen zohnbrature noon pope john paul II duaara 1982 witch pope cross aaf aanar pro iklesiaa atey pontifis naal sanmanit keeta giaa see. matthieu farooj noon cent dey kram witch ikk adhikari vajon nivesh keeta giaa see. 1966 witch lafaiet dey diocese toon bishop daa tagma prapat curran toon baad 1982 witch bishop jude speerer duaara charles. barbara theriot, aistar harrington, mairi legger atey paulin pool noon 1992 witch charles dey diocese samarpit seva maddle naal sanmanit keeta giaa see. itthe padrian dee suchi haii jinhan neey cent dee seva keeti haii. john vienni parish, uhanan saalan dey naal joe uhanan noon parish noon saunpe gaye sanauu 1939-rev. mathias jey. cramers; 1950-raiv. daniel habetz; 1958-reev. aii. w. vain buiztenan; 1967-raiv. fernand ainn. gox; 1969-reev. rosair veeleks; 1973-reev. francis burjua; 1977-raiv. robbert aill. shreev; 1985-rev. roland vaan; 1991-reev. milton pee. miller; 1993 reev. john aii. poerio atey 1999-rev. vee. wein lablu. rev. albert boral neey 30 juun, 2008 takk padri vajon seva nibhai, jadon uss noon cent witch tabdil qarr ditta giaa see. westlake witch john bosco.

bell city, luciana bell-city iti samyuktarajyamerikadesha louisiana-nagarasya kalkasyoo-paadari-kshetrasya dakshinapoorvakone sthitah ekaha asanghatitah samudayah asti. ayam charles-sarovarasya mahanagarakshetrasya bhaagah asti. bell-city-nagaram kalkasiu-pyaarish-madhye asti, tathaapi pralekhitaani saankhyikeeni zip-code 70630 krute santi, yasya kalkasiu-cameron-iti paadari-vibhaagadvaye vibhaagaah santi. 70630 zip-sanketah akshaamshah 30.098 tathaa rekhaamshah-93.013 madhye asti. bell-city kendra-samayakshetre (yoo. tea. see.-6 ghantaah) asti tathaa cha delat seving-taim iti nireekshate. 2000 tame varshe samyuktarajyamerika-deshasya janaganananusaram, jip-code 70630 ityasmin 385 aawaas-ekakaabhih saha 892 janasankhyaa aasit; yasya bhoomikshetram 143.85 vargakilomeetar iti aasit. mail-jalakshetram 2.75 vargakilomeetar. mail-parimitam; tathaa cha janasankhyaaghanatvam 6.20 janaah prati vargakilomeetar. mail-mitam. 1902 tame varshe itihaasah. 1902 wells rais-belt-patrikaayaam kathitam asti, "nootanam nagaram, louisiana-pashchimasy lacassin-vistaarasya upari (aar.aar.), asya naam a ityasya namna bell-city iti asti. ee. asya nagarasya samsthapakanam pravartakeshu cha anyatamah asya sthanasya ghantaah, yah tatah param tasya naam dhaaranam karishyati.iti. rail-depo, post-aafis, vishaal-vidyaalaya-bhavanasya cha sthalaani danarupena dattaani santi, yathashighram samuchita-vyavasthaha, saamagreeh bhoomau nikshiptaani cha bhavane kaaryam aarabhate. dvaadasha-sthalaani vikreeyant, yeshu vyaapaar-gruhaani sthaapyante, tathaa cha anekaani niwaas-sthalaani vikreeyante. nagaram samyak viramitam asti, idaaneem marganam shrenikaranasya karyam prachalati.iti. mesrs. pee. doubleu. daniels tathaa cha I. ee. asya nagarasya vesan ityeshah samprati ekam vishaalam aahar-bhandaram sthapayitva verhouse ityasya kaaryaanvayanam cha karoti, tathaa cha asya khandasya vyastatamaasu laghutameshu sthaaneshu anyatam bell-city iti naa bhavitum alpakaalasy eva karyam bhavati. nootanam nagaram velsh-nagaraat nairrutyadishi panchadash-mail-doore sthitam asti, tandula-utpaadana-vibhaagasya madhye asti, tathaa cha kalkasyoo-ityasya tasya bhagasya krute varadaanam bhavishyati. charles-sarovaraat aarthar-sarovaraparyantam nutanasya relamaargasy nirmanena tandulasamskruteh anukoolah nootanah deshah udghaatitah bhavishyati, nairutya-louisiana-pradeshe tasya dhanyasya krusheh kshetre cha mahattvapoornam yogadam bhavishyati.iti. ghatanaah tathaa cha sanadah. 1895 tame varshe christian-mahaavidyaalayasya nirmaanam, vartamaanasya bell-city-baal-paark-sthale martin-vilee-hebert-dallas-daan-hess-ityetaih cha krutam. asmin nyunatinyoonam chatwaarah bhavanaani aasan-dwau vasatigruhau, ekaha shikshakanam karmacharinam cha krute, ekaha vargavargasya cha. 1907 janavaree 17 da charter aaf bell city mercantail ko. samanya-vaanijya-vyavasaayasya sanchaalanaay $10,000 muladhanam bhavati. isaak deroun adhyakshah asti, stephen ee. stain upadhyakshah asti, sachivam tathaa khajanadaram cha iti. paal doubleu. daniel-ityete prathama-nirdeshaka-mandalam asti. 1908 maarch 24 dinaanke, louisiana-nagarasya bell-nagare adhivaasayuktasya bell-city-mahaavidyaalayasya shaasanapatram mandal-lipikasya samaksham daakhilam krutam. 1909 mey 31 dinaanke rail-ayogah louisiana-pashchim-rail-maargah bell-nagare samyojan-depo-nirmanam kartum shaknoti iti soochitavaan. 1918 tame varshe vartamaanasya bell-city-vidyaalayasya kaaryam aarabdham. ell. dee. beyn prathamapraadhyakshah aasit, tadanantaram tea. ess. cooley, thompson, james dent, stanford cox cha 32 varshaani yaavat mukhyadhikarinaha aasan. dviteeyavishvayuddhe (1939-1945), bell-nagarasya kendre yuddhakaidyah shibiram nirmitam, yatra kshetra-krushakaanaam krute shramikaah sajjaha aasan, teshaam putraah, krushi-hastaah cha yuddhaya prasthitavantah. 1944 april 4 dinaanke, bell-city-pustakaalayam udghaatitam, tathaa cha moolatah bell-city-praathamikavidyaalaye 12:00 p taha karya-samayaih sthaapitam aasit.emm. saayam 5 vaadane.emm.mangalavaasare shukravaasare cha. shrimati. max johnston ityayam prathamah shakha-prabandhakah aasit. 1944 tame varshe august-maase pustakaalayasy shakha-vyavasthaapakah hanan vi. ityasya pati endroo delani ityasya svaamitvam praaptam laghutaram karyalayam pustakaalayasy krute sthanantaritam. delani. 1990 tamavarshaparyantam etat karyalaye eva aasit, yadaa rajadhani-sudhaar-karyakramena bhoomi-krayanm, naveekaranam, nootan-bhavanasya vistaarah cha anumanyata. kaaryam samaaptam, nootanam pustakaalayam 1994 janavareemaase udghaatitam. december 28 dinaanke kalkasiu-pyaarish-saarwajanik-pustakaalayen bell-nagaram, heys-shakhanam cha vileenam krutam. 1.2 mail-dooram yaavat sthitayoho shaakhaadwayoh vileenam, karadwara dwinitayaana-yatraya, kshetraya adhika-vardhita-sewaayaah samarthanam jaatam. bell-city-shaakhaayaah karyasya antimadinam 2009 december 23 aasit. 1950 joon 05 dinaanke, bell-city-heys-homewood-layans-club ityatra, bell-city-hai-vyayamashalayam, adhikruta-sanghasya simha-club-krute ekam shaasanapatram pradattam. 1951 janavaree 28 dinaanke, bell-city-nagarasya brousard-dugdhashala, swanam pashcharaiseshan-sasyasya krute grade-e-retting praaptavatee. 1969 tame varshe clains theriot ityeshah bell-city-vidyaalayaanaam mukhyadhikarinaha abhavat, yadaa hess-bell-city-vidyaalayaanaam samyojanam, stanford cox ityasya nivruttehe anantaram cha abhavat. bell-city-shaikshanik-athletics-kreedaayaah aajeevan-samarthakah, bell-city-nagarasya nutanasya vyaayaamashaalaayaah, floor-ityasya cha naam, 2022 joon-maase tasya mrutyoho anantaram clarence-theriot ityasya namna krutam. tasya pautrah tea. jey. hofpour ityeshah shikshaka, prashikshakah, athletic-nirdeshaka cha iti rupena vidyaalaye swasya sewaayaah uttaradhikaram anuvartayati. vaayugunah. joon 1 taha november 30 paryantam aadhikaarik-chakravaat-rutau nirvaasan-sambhaavanaam vishaye bell-nagarasya nivaasinah sarvadaa jagarukaha bhavanti. samanyataha julai-maase sarvaadhikam ushnatamam maasam asti, yasya ausatam uccham 91°fyaa. bhavati. 2000 tame varshe sarvaadhikam taapamaanam 105 fahreirenheit iti abhilekhitam aasit. samanyataha sheetalatamah maasah janavaree-maasah asti, yasya ausata-nyoonatamah 41°fahrenheiteh bhavati. 1951 tame varshe nyunatamam taapamaanam 11 fahreirenheit iti abhilikhitam aasit. mey-maase adhikatamm madhyamavrushtihi 6.6 incha-yaavat bhavati, nyunatamam madhyamavrushtihi cha februvari-maase bhavati, yatra ausatavrushtihi 3.27 incha-yaavat bhavati. janasaamkhyikee. 2000 samyuktarajyamerika-deshasya janaganana-janasaamkhyikeeya-vivaranasya mukhyaamshah bahihi manoranjanam. bell-city-jalanirgaman-khandah shikaaram matsyam cha kartum prayujyate. dakshinapashchim-louisiana-pradeshasya tateeya-preyaree-pradeshe 1937 tame varshe sheetakaalasy jalapakshinam nivaasasthaanaroopen nirmitasya lacassin-rashtriya-vanyajeeva-ashrayasya pashchimasima etat nirmeeyate. sarwakaarah. rajyavidhya anusaaram, kalkasyoo-paarish-aarakshak-nirnaayakamandale vishesha-mandalaani, board-samsthah, aayogaah ityadinam niyukteh adhikaarah asti. paadari-kshetrasya antargate nirdishtakshetrasy krute vishishtasevaah pradadat iti. eteshu pratyekasya mandale, boarde cha swakeeyaani karyani niyantrayanti, swakeeyaani aayavyayikaani cha bhavanti. bell-city iteedam kalkasyoo-pyaarish-aarakshak-nirnaayakamandale 10 tame sthaane asti. shikshate. key-12, bell-city-ucchavidyaalaye, bell-city, laa ityatra aagacchatu. 2000 tame varshe janagananayam 25 varshaanaam upari vayasaha 604 vayaskaah (70630) iti abhilekhitaani, teshu 403 praudavidyaalayasya snaatakah athavaa ucchatarah, 64 snaatakapadaveem vaa ucchataram vaa aasan. charcha iti. sent jaan vianee charch 1939 tame varshe sthaapitam. ess. tii. jaan vianee-paadari-mandalen, kalkasiu-nagarika-paadari-mandali ityasya dakshinapoorvabhaagah vyaapitah asti, yat mukhyataya krushikshetram asti. 1939 tame varshe sarwaadhikaih rev-dwara adhikrutaroopena paadari-kshetrasya sthapana abhavat. jools bee. laafaayetasya bishap ginmard ityeshah, tathaa cha saha, bell-city, hess, holm-wood iti trayanam samudayanam sevaam karoti. paadri-mandalen sthapanat poorvam, asmin kshetre catholic-matasya purohitaih, louisiana-nagarasya jenings-nagare christians-paadri-mandalen saha-saha-mahilaa-paadreebhih sevitaa aasit. pashchat wells, louisiana, tatah sent-nagaraat sapta-dollars-padriyam asmakam mahilaa purohitaa. louisiana-nagarasya ayovaa-nagare raafel-paraganah asmin kshetre saamuhikam janaan aacharyat. sa. key prati samarpitam ekam mandiram. joseph ityasya nirmanam praayah 1900 tame varshe abhavat, 1939 tame varshe vaatalanen naa vinaasham yaavat tatt sevitam. samsthaapakah paadari, reva. mathias jey. cramers, 1938 april-maase vastooni parivartayitum aagatavatee. nidhisangrahana-bajaranam ayojanartham yadnyapeeta-samajena nirmitam sabhamandalam saamoohik-utsavasya krute asthayee-prarthana-gruharoopena parivartitam. faadar cremer ityasya karyasuchyam prathamam amsham rectory ityasya nirmanam aasit, yat 1939 august-maase poornam abhavat. agrimah prakalpah charch aasit, august-maase cha bhumiroopanam krutam. 8, 1940 tame varshe bhavanasya nirmanam poornam abhavat, december-maase bishap-ginmard ityanena samarpitam. 1 eka eva varshe. prathama-paadari-nyaasinah ferdinand nunez, hyaari verret cha aasan. prathamam adhikarikam paarish-abhilekham 1939 mey-maase aarabdham. poorvaani abhilekhaah 1892 tame varshe aarambhe jenings-nagare, 1904 tame varshe wells-nagare, 1930 tame varshe ayovaa-nagare cha rakshitaani aasan. 1950 tame varshe rev. daniel hebets ityeshah paadriyah rupena faadar cremers ityasya uttaraadhikaari abhavat, tasya prathamaprakalpeshu anyatamah ess. tii. ityasya nirmanam aasit. shridwara daanam krutasya sampattau hess-nagare daniel-prarthana-gruhah asti. tathaa cha shrimati. felix hebert. 1953 april 16 dinaanke, tathaa sa. a.-dine cha idam prarthana-mandiram samarpitam. daniel-mission adhikrutaroopena sent ityanena saha sambaddham aasit. jaan vianee paaris. varshaanuvarsheshu, charch-suvidhaasu bahavah sudhaarah krutah asti. 1981 tame varshe bell-nagare charch ityasya naveekaranam abhavat. rectory ityasya prushtabhaage catechism-kendram api asti, tathaa cha bell-nagare tathaa hess ityatra sabhaagruhe stah. 2000 tame varshe, paadrih 375 parivaaraanaam mandaleem sevat, paadrih cha rewah aasit. vi. weyn leblue 1999 tame varshe niyuktah. kindergarten-taha 12 tama-shreneeparyantam 250 chhaatraah shikshane upasthitaah aasan. aparam pramukham sanghatanam asti, bell-cities-nats-aaf-columbus-council 3048, yat 1957 april 9 dinaanke aayojitam, chartered cha krutam, myathyoo-frooze iti charter-grand-nait iti rupena aasit. 1905 tame varshe shreemateebhih saha, da-bell-city-ladys-vedee-society iti samsthaa asthapita. dulvaa deroun prathamaraashtrapatih abhavat. 1952 tame varshe louisiana-nagarasya hess-nagare ladys-alter-society iti samsthaa, shreemateebhih saha ayojita. alias lorain prathamaraashtrapatih abhavat. paadari-ardhashataabdyaam charch-prati utkrushtaseweh manyatam praaptum aneke paadari-janaah sammanartham ekaakitaah abhavan. shrimati. helena zounbretcher 1982 tame varshe pope jaan paal dwiteeyena pope-cross-aaf-aanar-pro-acclesia ett-pontifais ityanena alankrutah aasit. myathyoo-frooze ityasya niveshah sent ityasya kramanusare adhikaareeroopen krutah. 1966 tame varshe lafiate-prantat bishap-padakam praapya, 1982 tame varshe bishap-jood-sparror ityanena charles-varyaha. barbera-theriot, ester-harrington, merry-legger, paulin-pool cha 1992 tame varshe diocese-aaf-leck-charles-samarpita-sevaa-padaken alankrutaah aasan. atra padrinam soochee asti ye sa. jaan vianee-paarish, teshaam niyuktaanaam varshaanaam anusaaram, 1939-rev. mathias jey. cremers; 1950-rev. daniel hebetz; 1958-rev. a. doubleu. vyaan buyjtenan; 1967-rev. farnaand enn. gauks; 1969-rev. rosair weelux; 1973-rev. fraamsis-burjuvaa; 1977-rev. rabert ell. shreeve; 1985-reva. roland vone; 1991-rev. milton pee. miller; 1993 rev. jaan e. poeriyo tathaa 1999-rev. vi. vene leblue. reva. albert borel 2008 joon 30 paryantam paadriyoopen karyam krutavaan, yadaa saha sent-nagare sthanantaritaha. jaan bosco vest leck madhye asti.

bell chitty, louisiana bell chitty enbathu americavin louisianavil ulla calcassiu barishin thenkizhakku moolaiyil amainthulla oru inaikkappadaatha samoogamaagum. idhu charles aeri perunagarap paguthiyin oru paguthiyaagum. bell chitty calcassiu paarishil ullathu, iruppinum aavanappaduthappatta pullivivarangkal jib kuriyeedu 70630 kkaanavai, idhu calcassiu mattrum cameron aagiya irandu paarishgalil pirivugalaik kondullathu. 70630 jib kuriyeedu atcharaekai 30.098 mattrum theerkkaraekaiyil ullathu-93.013. manii nagaram maiya naera mandalaththil (UTC-6 manii neram) ullathu mattrum pakalnaera saemippu neraththaik kavanikkirathu. 2000 america makkal thogai kanakkeduppinpadi, jib kuriyeedu 70630 ill ulla makkal thogai 892 aaga irunththathu, 385 veettu alagugal; 143.85 sathura nilaparappu. mailgal; 2.75 sathura meettar neer parappalavu. mailgal; mattrum makkal thogai adarththi oru sathuraththirku 6.20 paer. mile thooram. thooram aandu varalaaru. 1902 velsh arisi belt idhazh koorukirathu "louisiana merkaththiya paguthiyin lakkasin virivaakkaththil ulla puthiya nagaram (aarr.aarr.), oru peyarin peyaraal bell chitty endru peyaridappattullathu. ii. inththa idaththin manii, nagaraththin niruvanarkal mattrum vilambarathaarargalil oruvar, inimael avarathu peyaraik kondiruppaar.entraar. oru irayil nilaiyam, tabal aluvalagam mattrum oru periya pallik kattidam aagiyavattrukkaana idangkal nankodaiyaaga vazhangkappattullana, maelum muraiyaana aerpaadukal seiyappattu porutkalai tharaiyil izhuththuch sendravudan kattidap panikal thodangum. pannirandu laattukal virkapattullana, avattril vaniga niruvanangal amaikappadum, maelum aeraalamaana kudiyiruppu laattukal virkapattullana. nagaram nandraaga panineekkam seiyappattu, therukkalai tharappaduththum panii ippoathu nadanthu varukirathu.entraar. mess. puughal. doublue. daniels mattrum naan. ii. inththa nagaraththaich saerntha vesson, tharpoothu oru periya theevanak kadaiyai amaitthu, kidangugalaich seyalpaduththugiraar, maelum bell chitty inththa pirivil migavum parabarappaana siriya idangkalil ontraaka irukkum varai idhu oru kurugiya kaala vishayam mattumae ". puthiya nagaram velshukku thenmaerkae pathinainthu mile tholaivil amainthullathu, maelum arisi payiridum pirivin naduvil ullathu, maelum idhu calcassuvin antha pakuthikku oru varappirasaathamaaka irukkum. charles aeriyilirunththu aarthar aeri varai puthiya irayil paathai kattuvathu arisi kalaachchaaraththirku aetrtra oru puthiya naattaith thirakkum, maelum thenmaerku louisianavil antha thaaniya sagupadi parappalavil kanisamaaga saerkkum.entraar. nigazhvugal mattrum saasanangal. 1895 aam aandil christhava kalluri martin mattrum villie hebert mattrum dalas mattrum dawn heisal bell chitty pandhu poongaavin tharpoothaiya idaththil kattappattathu. idhil kurainthathu naanku kattidangal irunththana; irandu thangkumidangal, ondru aasiriyargal mattrum thozhilaazhargalukku, mattrondru vagupparaigalukku. 1907 janavari 17 bell chitty vaniga niruvanaththin saasanam. podhu vaniga vanigaththai nadaththuvatharku $10,000 moolathana pangkugaludan. aisak teron janaathipathiyaaga ullaar, stephen eee. stein thunaith thalaivaraaga ullaar, seyalaalar mattrum porulaalaraaka terovai samaathaanappaduththungal. paal doublue udan. daniels avarkal muthal iyakkunarkal kuzhu. 1908 maarch 24-bell chitty, louisianavil vasippidaththudan koodiya bell chitty kallooriyin saasanam mavatta ezhuththaridam thaakkal seiyappattathu. 1909 mae 31 louisiana maerku rayilway bell sittiyil oru kalappu kidangaik katta ullathu endru irayil paathai aanaiyam theriviththullathu. 1918-tharpoothaiya bell chitty palli seyalpadath thodangiyathu. ell. dii. bayne muthal muthalvaraaga irunthaar, adhaith thodarnthu ds cooley, thamson, james dent mattrum stanford cox aagiyoar 32 aandugal muthalvaraaga irunththanar. irandaam ulagap poarin poathu (1939-1945), manii nagaraththin maiyaththil oru poar kaithi mugaam amaikkappattathu, idhu piraanthiya vivasaayigalukku thozhilaazhargalai valangkiyathu, avarkalin magangalum pannai kaikalum poarukkuch sendruvittana. 1944 aepral 4 aam thaethi bell chitty noolagam thirakkappattathu mattrum muthalil bell chitty thodakkap pallyil 12:00 p muthal seyalpaattu neeraththudan vaikkappattathu.emm. maalai 5 manii varai.emm.sevvaai mattrum vellikkizhamaigalil. thirumathi. makes johnston muthal kilai maelaalaraaka irunthaar. 1944 augustill, noolagaththin kilai maelaalar haanan vii. inn kanavar andrew delanicuch sonthamaana oru siriya aluvalagaththirku noolagam maattrappattathu. delany. 1990 aam aandu varai idhu aluvalagaththil irunththathu, appoathu thalainagara maempaattuth thittam nilam vaangkuvatharkum, pudhuppippatharkum, puthiya kattidaththai virivupaduththuvatharkum anumathiththathu. panikal niraivadainthu puthiya noolagam janavari 1994 ill thirakkappattathu. disambar 28 andru calcassiu barish podhu noolagam bell chitty mattrum hayes kilaigalai inaiththathu. irandu kilaikalin inaippu, idhu 1.2 mile tholaivil ullathu, kaaril irandu nimida payanam, ippaguthikku maelum maempatta sevaiyai seyalpaduththukirathu. bell chitty kilayin seyalpaattin kadaisi naall disambar 23,2009 aagum. 1950 juun 05 singha sangangalin athikaarappoorva sangaththirkaana saasanam bell chitty-hayes-homewood singangal kilappil bell chitty uyar udarpayirchik koodaththil vazhangkappattathu. 1951 janavari 28 andru bell sittiyil ulla bruzard paal, avattrin pasteurization aalaikku thara mathippeedu pettrathu. 1969 aam aandil stanford cox oaivu petrtrathaith thodarnthu, haes mattrum bell chitty palligal inaikkappattapoathu clarence theriot bell chitty pallikalin muthalvaraanaar. bell chitty kalviyaalargal mattrum thadagalaththin vaazhnaal aatharavaalaraana bell sittiyil ulla puthiya udarpayirchik koodam mattrum tharai juun 2022 ill avarathu maranatthaith thodarnthu clarence thariotin peyaraal peyaridappattathu. avarathu paeran dije hoffire pallyil aasiriyar, payirchiyaalar mattrum thadagala iyakkunaraaka thanathu sevaiyin bhaarambariyaththaith thodarkiraar. kaalanilai. juun 1 muthal navambar 30 varai athikaarappoorva sooraavali paruvaththil veliyaettrappaduvatharkaana saaththiyakkoorugal kuritthu bell sittiyil vasippavargal eppoathum vizhippudan iruppaargal. saraasariyaaga, juulai maatham miga veppamaana maathamaagum, idhu saraasariyaaga 91 digiri fahrenheit aagum. 2000 aam aandil miga uyarnththa veppanilai 105 digiri fahrenheit aaga irunththathu. saraasariyaaga, kulirntha maatham janavari aagum, idhu saraasariyaaga 41 digiri fahrenheit aagum. 1951 aam aandil 11 digiri fahrenheit veppanilai migak kuraivaaga pathivu seiyappattathu. adhigapatcha sarasari mazhaippozhivu mae maathaththil 6.6 angkula sarasari mazhaiyudan nigazhkirathu mattrum kurainthapatcha sarasari mazhaippozhivu pipravariyil saraasariyaaga 3.27 angkula mazhaippozhivudan nigazhkirathu. makkalthogai. 2000 america makkal thogai kanakkeduppu pullivivarangkal velippura pozhuthupoakku. bell chitty vadikaal pallam vaettaiyaaduvatharkum meenpidikkavum anugalai anumathikkirathu. idhu 1937 aam aandil thenmaerku louisianavin kadaloara pulveliyil kulirkaala neer paravaikalukkaana vaazhvidamaaga uruvaakkappatta lakkasin thaesiya vanavilangku adaikkalaththin maerku ellaiyai uruvaakkukirathu. arasu. maanilach sattaththinpadi, sirappu maavattangkal, vaariyangkal, aanaiyangkal poantravattrai niyamikkum athikaaram calcassiu barish bolees naduvar mandraththirku ullathu. thiruchchabaiyil oru kuripitta pakuthikku kuripitta sevaigalai vazhangkum nokkaththirkaaga. inththa maavattangkal mattrum vaariyangkal ovvondrum adhan sontha nadavadikkaigalai nirvagikkindrana mattrum adhan sontha varavu selavuth thittatthaik kondullana. bell chitty calcassiu barish bolees jurie maavattam 10 ill ullathu. kalvi. kae-12 bell chitty uyarnilaip pallyil, bell chitty, laa. 2000 makkal thogai kanakkeduppinpadi, bell sittiyil (70630) 25 vayathirku maerpatta 604 periyavarkal pathivu seiyappattullanar. avarkalil 403 paer uyarnilaip palli pattathaarikal allathu adharku maerpattavargal mattrum 64 paer ilangkalai pattam allathu adharku maerpattavargal. devaalayangal. saint john vienni devalayam devalayam niruvappattathu St. john vienni barish, mukkiyamaaga vivasaayap paguthiyaana calcassiu sivil barishin thenkizhakku paguthiyai aakiramiththullathu. inththa thiruchchabai 1939 aam aandil migavum rev moolam athikaarappoorvamaaga niruvappattathu. jools pii. lafayettin aayar jeanmard, idhu bell chitty, haes mattrum holmwood aagiya moontru samoogangalukku saevai seikirathu. thiruchchabai niruvappaduvatharku munbu, appaguthiyil ulla catholickergal louisianavin jenningsil ulla christhava thiruchchabaiyin engkal penn uthaviyaalarin paathiriyaarkal moolam saevai seithanar. pinnar wales, louisianavil ulla aezhu dollars thiruchchabaiyin engkal laedi mattrum pinnar saint irunthu paathiriyaarkal. louisianavin ayovaavil ulla rabel barish ippaguthiyil vegujanaththaik kondaadinaar. saint arppanikappatta oru devalayam. josaph 1900 aam aandil kattappattathu, 1939 aam aandil puyalaal azhiyum varai adhu saevai seithathu. sthaabaga poathakar, rev. mathias jay. 1938 aepralil vishayangkalai nagarththuvatharkaaga cramers vanthathu. nidhi thirattum santhaigalai nadaththa palipeeda sangam kattiya oru mandapam vegujanak kondaattaththirkaaga oru thartkaalika devaalayamaaga maattrappattathu. thanthai gramarin nigazhchchi niralil muthal uruppadi oru rectory kattumaanamaagum, idhu august 1939 ill niraivadainthathu. aduththa thittam oru devalayam, mattrum adikkal naattuthal august maatham nadaipettrathu. 8, 1940. kattidam katti mudikkappattathu, disambar maatham bishab jeanmard avarkalaal arppanikkappattathu. athae aandil 1. fertinand nunez mattrum haari veret aagiyoar muthal barish arangkaavalargalaaga irunththanar. muthal athikaarappoorva barish pathivukal mae 1939 ill thodangkina. munththaiya pathivukal 1892 ill thodangi jenningsilum, 1904 muthal velshilum, 1930 muthal ayoavaavilum vaikappattana. 1950 ill rev. daniel habets thanthai kiraamarukkup piragu poathakaraaka pathaviyaettraar, maelum avarathu muthal thittangalil ondru saint kattumaanamaagum. thiru nankodai aliththa soththin meethu haysil ulla daniel devalayam. mattrum thirumathi. felix hebert. inththa devalayam aepral 16,1953 andru arppanikkappattathu mattrum saint. daniel panii athikaarappoorvamaaga saint udan inaikkappattathu. john vienni barish. pala aandugalaaka, devalaya vasathigalil pala maempaadugal seiyappattullana. 1981 aam aandil bell sittiyil ulla devalayam pudhuppikkappattathu. rectoricup pinnaal oru madhaguruthuva maiyamum, bell chitty mattrum vaikkoalkalil arangkugalum ullana. 2000 aam aandil, thiruchchabai 375 kudumbangalin sabaikku saevai seithathu mattrum poathakar rev aavaar. vii. vii niyamikkapatta weyn leblue. mazhalaiyar palli muthal muthal vaguppu varai 250 maanavargal payittruvikkappattanar. mattroru periya amaippu bell sittiyin nites off columbus council 3048 aagum, idhu aepral 9,1957 andru aerpaadu seiyappattu pattayappaduththappattathu, idhil methev fruj pattaya grand nite aaga irunththathu. bell chitty penkal palipeedam sangam 1905 aam aandil thirumathi. muthal janaathipathiyaaga dulwa teron pathaviyaettraar. 1952 aam aandil louisianavin haysil ulla penkal palipeeda sangam thirumathi. elias loraine muthal janaathipathiyaaga pathaviyaettraar. thiruchchabaiyin arai noottraandin poathu, thevaalayaththirku sirantha sevaiyai angkeekarikkum vagaiyil pala thiruchchabaiyinar gowravangalukkaaga thanimaippaduththappattullanar. thirumathi. helen janprecharai 1982 aam aandil poap john paal II poap siluvaiyai poap siluvaiyaal poap thiruchchabai mattrum bonthifis aakiyoaraal alangarikkappattathu. methev fruj saint varisaiyil oru athikaariyaaga muthaleedu seiyappattaar. 1966 aam aandil lafoid maraimaavattaththilirunthu bishab pathakkam pettra piragu 1982 aam aandil bishab juud spiirar charles. barbara theriod, ester haaringtan, maeri legger mattrum paalin puul aagiyoar 1992 aam aandil lake charles maraimaavatta arppanippu saevai pathakkaththaal alangarikkappattanar. punitharukku saevai seitha poathakarkalin pattiyal ingkae. john vienni barish, avarkal paarishukku odhukkappatta aandugaludan 1939-rev. mathias jay. grammers; 1950-rev. daniel habets; 1958-rev. auuu. doublue. vaan beaujenen; 1967-rev. fernand enn. cowks; 1969-rev. rosair wheelux; 1973-rev. francis muthalaaliththuvam; 1977-rev. robbert ell. sreeve; 1985-rev. roland vaan; 1991-rev. milton pii. miller; 1993 rev. john aee. poreo mattrum 1999-rev. vii. weyn leblu. rev. albert poaral juun 30,2008 varai poathakaraaka paniyaattrinaar, pinnar avar saint. westlakil john bosco.

bell city, louisiana bell city anedi united states looni louisianaloni calcassiu parish yokka aagneya muulaloe unna oka incorporated community. idhi charless sarassu metropolitan praantamloo bhaagam. bell city calcassiu paarishlo undhi, ayithe document cheyabadina ganaamkaalu zip code 70630 kosam unnaayi, idhi calcassiu mariyu cameron anae rendu paarishlalo vibhaagaalanu kaligi undhi. 70630 zip code akshaamsam 30.098 mariyu rekhaamsam-93.013 vadda undhi. bell city central time john (UTC-6 gantalu) loe undhi mariyu pagati podupu samayanni gamanistundi. 2000 united states janabha lekkala prakaram, zip code 70630 loe janabha 385 gruha unitlatho 892; 143.85 chadarapu chadarapu bhoomi praantam. maillu; 2.75 chadarapu kilometres neeti praantam. maillu; mariyu chadarapu kilometeruku 6.20 mandhi janabha saandrata. mailu. 1902 naati charitra. 1902 velsh rais belt journal ilaa chebutondih "louisiana westran yokka lacassin vistaranapai unna kotta pattanam (r.aarr.), a paeru meeda bell city anie paeru pettaru. ii. eee pradaesam yokka ganta, pattanam yokka vyavasthaapakulu mariyu promoterlalo okaru, ika nundi athani paerunu kaligi untaaru.anie. railway depo, tapala karyalayam mariyu pedda paatasaala bhavanam kosam sthalaalu viraalamgaa ivvabaddaayi mariyu saraina erpaatlu chesi, saamagrini neelamattaaniki laagina ventane bhavanam panulu praarambhamavutaayi. pannendu laatlu vikrayinchabaddaayi, vaatipai vyapara samsthalu nirminchabadataayi, mariyu aneka nivaasa sthalaalu vikrayinchabaddaayi. pattanam chakkaga tolaginchabadindi mariyu veedhulanu shreneekarinche pani ippudu purogatilo undhi.anie. mess. pii. doubleu. daniels mariyu I. ii. eee nagaraniki chendina wesson prastutam oka pedda aahara dukaanaanni nirminchi, giddangini amalu chestunnaru, mariyu eee vibhaagamlo atyanta raddiigaa unde chinna pradaesaalaloo bell city okati ayye varaku idhi koddi samayam matrame ". kotta pattanam velshku nairuti disalo padihenu mailla dhooramlo undhi, mariyu vari pandinche vibhagam madhyalo undhi mariyu idhi kaalkaasiyuloni aaa bhaagaaniki oka varamgaa untundi. charless sarassu nundi orther sarassu varaku kotta railroad nirmaanam vari samskrutiki anugunamgaa kotta deshaanni terustundi mariyu nairuti louisianalo aaa trinadhaanyaala saguku gananeeyamgaa jodistundi.anie. sanghatanalu mariyu saasanaalu. 1895 loe christian kalaasaalanu martin mariyu villie hebert mariyu dallas mariyu daan hays bell city baall park prastuta pradaesamloe nirminchaaru. indulo kaneesam naalugu bhavanalu undevi; rendu vasati gruhalu, okati upaadhyaayulu mariyu kaarmikula kosam mariyu okati taragati gadula kosam. 1907 janavari 17 dhi charter off bell city mercantile koo. saadhaarana vaanijya vyapaaraanni nirvahinchadaaniki $10,000 muuladhana stock thoo. isak deroen adhyakshudu, stephen ii. stein upaadhyakshudu, kaaryadarsigaa deroennu mariyu koshadhikariga santimpajeyandi. paal doubleu thoo paatu. daniels vaaru modati directorla boardu. 1908 marchi 24naa bell city, louisianalo nivaasamtho kuudina bell city kalaasaala charter jilla clerk vadda daakhalu cheyabadindi. 1909 mae 31naa louisiana paschima railway bell citylo kalayika deponu nirminchanunnatlu railway commission nivedinchindi. 1918loe prastuta bell city paatasaala panicheyadam praarambhinchindi. ell. dii. bayne modati principal, taruvaata ts cooley, thampson, james dent mariyu stanford cox 32 samvatsaraalu principalga unnaaru. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo (1939-1945), bell city madhyalo oka yuddha khaidi sibiraanni erpaatu chesaaru, idhi vaari kumaarulu mariyu vyavasaya chetulu yuddhaaniki vellina praanta raitula kosam kaarmikulanu erpaatu chesindi. 1944 april 4naa bell city library praarambhinchabadindi mariyu modata bell city praathamika paatasaalalo 12:00 p nundi pani gantalatho unchabadindi.emm. saayantram 5 gantala varaku.emm., mangalavaaram mariyu sukravaaram. srimati. maaks johnston modati branch manager. 1944 augustulo, library branch manager hanan vii. bhartha andrew delany yaajamaanyamloni oka chinna kaaryaalayaaniki library maarindi. deleany. 1990 varaku idhi karyalayamlo undindi, appudu rajadhani merugudala karyakramam bhoomi konugolu, punaruddharana mariyu kotta bhavanam vistaranaku anumatinchindi. pani puurtayimdi mariyu kotta libraryni 1994 janavarilo praarambhinchaaru. december 28naa calcassiu parish public library bell city mariyu hays saakhalanu vileenam chesindi. 1.2 mailla dhooramlo unna rendu saakhala vileenam, kaarulo rendu nimishala prayaanam, eee praantaaniki marinta merugaina sevalanu andistundi. bell city saakha karyakalapala chivari roeju december 23,2009. 1950 juun 05naa bell city hye vyaayaamasaalalooni bell city-hayes-homewood lions klabku lions klabla adhikaarika sangham kosam oka charter samarpinchabadindi. 1951 janavari 28naa bell cityloni brousard diary, vaari pasteurization plantku grade rating pondindi. 1969loe stanford cox padavee viramana taruvaata hays mariyu bell city paatasaalalanu kalipinappudu clarence theriot bell city paatasaalalaku pradhaanoopaadhyaayudu ayyadu. bell city vidyaavaettalu mariyu athleticsku jeevitakaala maddatudaaru ayina bell cityloni kotta zim mariyu floorku juun 2022loe clarence theriot maranam taruvaata paeru pettaru. athani manavadu tije hafpour upadhyayudiga, kochga mariyu athletic directorga paatasaalalo thana seva vaarasatvaanni konasagistunnadu. vaataavaranam. juun 1 nundi november 30 varaku adhikaarika tuphaanu kaalamlo khaalii chese avakaasam gurinchi bell city nivaasitulu ellappuduu telusukuntaaru. sagatuna, juulai nelaloo sagatu garishta ushnograta 91 efo untundi. 2000loe namodaina atyadhika ushnograta 105 efo. sagatuna, atyanta challani nela janavari, sagatu kanishta ushnograta 41 efo. 1951loe namodaina atyalpa ushnograta 11 efo. mae nelaloo sagatu varshapaatam 6.6 angulaalu mariyu fibravarilo sagatu varshapaatam 3.27 angulaalu thoo kaneesa sagatu varshapaatam sambhavistundi. janabha. 2000 united states janabha ganana janabha profile mukhyaamsaalu bahiranga vinodam. bell city draineji gunta vaeta mariyu chepalu pattadaniki veelu kalpistundi. idhi nairuti louisiana teerapraanta preriiloo sheethaakaala neeti pakshulaku aavasamga 1937loe srushtinchabadina lacassin jaateeya vanyapraanula aasrayam yokka paschima sarihaddunu kaligi undhi. prabhutvam. rashtra chattam prakaram, pratyeka jillaalu, bordulu, kamishanlu modalaina vaatini niyaminche adhikaram calcassiu parish pooliisu jurici undhi. parish lopala oka nirdishta praantaaniki nirdishta sevalanu andinche prayojanam kosam. eee jillaalu mariyu bordulalo prati okkati daani swantha karyakalapalanu nirvahistundi mariyu daani swantha budgetnu kaligi untundi. bell city anedi calcassiu parish pooliisu jurie jilla 10loe undhi. vidya. keey-12 bell city haiskool, bell city, laa. 2000 janabha lekkala prakaram bell citylo 25 ellu daatina 604 mandhi peddalu (70630) unnaaru. vaarilo 403 mandhi unnata paatasaala graduatelu ledhaa anthakante ekkuva vayassu unnavaaru mariyu 64 mandhi bachelor degreelu ledhaa anthakante ekkuva vayassu unnavaaru. charchilu. seyint zaan viennie charchi 1939loe sthaapinchabadindi St. zaan viani parish pradhanamgaa vyavasaya praantamaina calcassiu poura parish yokka aagneya bhaganni aakraminchindi. eee parish adhikarikamga 1939loe atyanta rev dwara sthaapinchabadindi. jools bii. lafayet bishop ayina geinmard, idhi bell city, endugaddi mariyu holmwood anae moodu sanghaalaku sevalu andistundi. parish sthaapanaku mundu, eee praantamlooni kaathalikkulaku louisianaloni genningsloni christian parish yokka maa laedii help nundi poojaarulu sevalu andinchaaru. taruvaata velsh, louisianaloni edu dollarla parish yokka maa laedii nundi poojaarulu mariyu taruvaata seyint nundi. louisianaloni ayovaloni rafale parish eee praantamloo saamuhikamgaa vedukalu jarupukundi. seyint kuu ankitam cheyabadina chappel. joseph 1900 loe nirminchabadindi, mariyu 1939 loe tuphaanu kaaranamgaa naasanam ayye varaku panichesindi. vyavasthaapaka paster, rev. mathias zhe. crommers, 1938 eprillo vishayalanu kadilinchadaaniki vacchaaru. nidhula sekarana bajaarlanu nirvahinchadaaniki balipeetha samajam nirminchina oka mandiraanni saamuuhika vedukala kosam taatkaalika praarthanaa mandiramgaa marcharu. father cramer yokka agendalo modati amsam oka rectory nirmaanam, idhi augustu 1939loe puurtayimdi. tadupari project oka charchi, mariyu aagashtu nelaloo sankusthaapana jarigindi. 8, 1940. bhavanam puurtayimdi, decemberulo bishop geinmard chetha ankitam cheyabadindi. adhe samvatsaram 1. modati parish dharmakartalu ferdinand nunez mariyu harry veret. modati adhikaarika parish recordulu mae 1939loe prarambhamayyayi. munupati recordulu 1892loe praarambhamaina genningslo, 1904 nundi velshlo mariyu 1930 nundi ayovalo unchabaddaayi. 1950loe rev. daniel habetz tandri crommers taruvaata paster gaa baadhyatalu chepattadu, mariyu athani modati prajectulalo okati seyint. mister viraalamgaa icchina aastipai hays looni daniel chappel. mariyu srimati. felix hebert. eee praarthanaa mandiram april 16,1953naa ankitam cheyabadindi mariyu seyint. daniel mission adhikarikamga seyint kuu jodinchabadindi. zaan viennie parish. samvatsaraalugaa, charchi soukaryaalapai aneka merugudalalu cheyabaddaayi. 1981loe bell cityloni charchini punaruddharinchaaru. rectory venuka oka mataparamaina kendram, mariyu bell city mariyu endugaddi loe halls kooda unnaayi. 2000loe, parish 375 kutumbaala sanghaaniki sevalu andinchindi mariyu paster rev. vii. 1999loe niyaminchabadina wayne leblue. kinder garten nundi 12va taragati varaku 250 mandhi vidyaarthulu bodhanaku hajarayyaru. maroka pradhana samstha bell city nites off columbus council 3048, idhi april 9,1957naa nirvahinchabadindi mariyu chartered cheyabadindi, mathue fruze charter grand naitga undhi. 1905loe srimati thoo kalisi bell city ladys balipeetam sangham erpadindi. modati adhyakshudiga dulwa deroen. louisianaloni haesloo ladys balipeetam society 1952loe srimati thoo nirvahinchabadindi. modati adhyakshudiga elias lorren. charchi yokka ardha sataabdamloo charchiki chesina atyuttama sevaku gurtimpugaa aneka mandhi paarishiyanlu gowrawala kosam empika cheyabaddaaru. srimati. helen jounbretchernu 1982loe pope zaan paal II papal cross off hohner proo ecclesia ett pontifis thoo alankarinchaaru. mathue froozenu seyint kramamlo adhikariga pettubadi pettaru. 1966loe lafayet dioces nundi bishop patakaanni andukunna taruvaata 1982loe bishop jude spirer charless chetha cheyabadindi. barbara theriot, ester harrington, maerii legger mariyu paulin pool 1992loe dioces off lake charless ankitamaina seva pathakamtho alankarinchabaddaayi. ikkada seyint kuu seva chesina pasterla jabita undhi. zaan viani parish, vaaru paarishku ketaayinchina samvatsaraalatoh 1939-rev. mathias zhe. crommers; 1950-rev. daniel habetz; 1958-rev. eah. doubleu. vaan buiztenen; 1967-rev. fernand enn. goux; 1969-rev. rosair velukes; 1973-rev. frances burjuwa; 1977-rev. robbert ell. shreev; 1985-rev. roland vaan; 1991-rev. milton pii. miller; 1993 rev. zaan eah. poreo mariyu 1999-rev. vii. wine lebloo. rev. albert borrell juun 30,2008 varaku pasterga panicheesaaru, appudu athanu seyint kuu badilee cheyabaddaadu. westlakelo zaan bosco.

bail stee loisiana bail stee eek ghair marbut community hay juu calcasio peerish loisiana riyasathaye muthadah kay janub mashriqi konay mein waaqa hay. yaha jheel charlis metropolitan elaqay kaa hasah hay. bail stee calcasio peerish mein hay tahim dastawezi aidaad woo shamaar zap code 70630 kay liye haine jiss kay duu peerish calcasio aur cameron mein hasay haine. 70630 zap code araz albald 30.098 aur tool albald-93.013 parr hay. bail stee markazi tyme zoon (yuu tye see-6 ghantay) mein hay aur dunn kii roshni kii bachat kay waqat kaa mashahidah kartaa hay. 2000 kii riyasathaye muthadah kii mardam shumari kay mutabiq zap code 70630 mein aabadi 892 thee jiss mein 385 housing units thay vovo jiss kaa raqbah 143.85 marbaa chlometer thaa. meel vovo 2.75 marbaa kaa paani kaa raqbah. meel vovo aur aabadi kii kasafat 6.20 afraad phee marbaa. meel. 1902 kii tareekh. 1902 velish raais bellet jareede mein kahaa gayaa hay: "neeya qasbah loisiana western kii lekasain tausia parr (aar.aar.)yee kaa naam bail stee rakhaa gayaa hay a kay naam parr. ayee. iss jagah kii ghanti shehar kay baaniyon aur promoters mein say eek juu abb say iss kaa naam rakhay gaa.” railway dapo post aafs aur school kii eek bury emarat kay liye maqamat atiyah kiye gayey haine aur jeesay hyee munasib intezamat kiye jayein gay aur mawaad kuu zameen parr giraya jaaye gaa emarat kaa kaam sharoo how jaaye gaa. baarah laat farokhat kiye gayey haine jinn parr karobari makanaat tameer kiye jayein gay aur kayee rehaishi laat farokhat kiye gayey haine. shehar kuu achhi tarah say faarig kirr diyaa gayaa hay aur sadkon kii darjah bundi kaa kaam abb jaari hay.” gunahgaar. pee. dabliyo. denails aur I. ayee. iss shehar kaa vesan iss waqat eek badaa feed store banaa rehaa hay aur godaam kuu naafiz kirr rehaa hay aur yaha sarf thodi deer kii baath hay jabb takk kahh bail stee iss hasay mein masruf tareen chhoti jighon mein say eek naha how jaaye. neeya qasbah velish kay janub maghrab mein pandrah meel kay fasilay parr waaqa hay aur chawal agaaney waalay hasay kay beach mein hay aur calcasio kay iss hasay kay liye eek naamat hogi. jheel charlis say jheel aarthar takk nayey railway kii tameer say chawal kii saqafat kay mutabiq eek neeya milk khill jaaye gaa aur janub maghrabi loisiana mein iss anaaj kii kaasht kay raqbe mein kaafi izafah hoga.” waaqiaat aur charter. 1895 kay qareeb krischan college bail stee baal paark kay maujudah maqaam parr maartan aur walee habert aur dlaas aur deane hees nay banaya thaa. yaha kumm az kumm chaar emaraton parr mushtamil thee vovo duu haastal eek asatazah aur karkanon kay liyay aur eek klaas room kay liye. 1907 januri 17 bail stee merchantyle company kaa charter. aam tajarti karobar kay anaqad kay liye 10,000 ddaalar kay captal stock kay saath. aizaak derween sadr haine stephan ayee. stine naib sadr hay secertry aur khazanchi mein derween kuu perscon karein. paal dabliyo kay saath. denail wah pehley board aaf directors haine. 1908 maarch 24 bail stee college kaa charter bail stee loisiana mein domisile kay saath distrikt clerk kay paas dayer kiyaa gayaa thaa. 31 mayee 1909 kuu railway commission nay atlaa dee kahh loisiana western railway bail stee mein eek mushtarkah dapo tameer karay gee. 1918 maujudah bail stee school nay kaam karnaa sharoo kiyaa. eel ddee beenn pehley principle thay iss kay baad tye aiss coley thamson jaims dent aur stenford kaaks juu 32 saal takk principle rahay. dosri jung azeem kay doraan (1939-1945)yee bail stee kay wast mein eek jangi qaidi camp khadaa kiyaa gayaa thaa juu inn mazdooron kay liye kaam kartaa thaa jinn kay betay aur kheet kay haath jung mein chalay gayey thay. 4 apreel 1944 kuu bail stee library kholi gayee aur asl mein asay bail stee elementary school mein rakhaa gayaa thaa jiss kay kaam kay auqaat 12:00 p say thay.ayem. shaam 5 bajay takk.ayem.mangal aur jamaah. mohtarmah. meks janstan pehley branch meniger thay. agast 1944 mein library kuu eek chhotay say daftar mein muntaqil kirr diyaa gayaa juu library kay branch maneejar hannon bamuqablah kay shohar andrev delani kii malkiyat thee. delani. yaha 1990 takk daftar mein rakhaa gayaa thaa jabb capital improment prograam nay zameen kii kharidari tazyeen woo aaraish aur nayee emarat kii tausia kii ajazat dee. kaam makmal how gayaa aur nayee library januri 1994 mein kholi gayee. calcasive peerish publik library nay 28 dasambar kuu bail stee aur heez shakhon kuu zam kirr diyaa. donon shakhon kaa inzamam juu 1.2 meel kay fasilay parr haine kaar kay zariye duu mint kaa safar elaqay mein mazeed behatar khidmaat kay qaabil banata hay. bail stee branch kay liye operation kaa aakhri dunn 23 dasambar 2009 thaa. 1950 joone 05 sheer kalbon kii sarkaari aisosi aishan kay liye eek charter bail stee hayee jamnazim mein bail stee-heez-holam wode sheer kalb kuu paish kiyaa gayaa. 1951 januri 28 bail stee mein brosard dairi nay apnay pasteurization plant kay liye darjah bundi haasil kii. 1969 mein jabb gahaas aur ghanti shehar kay schoolon kuu yakja kiyaa gayaa aur stenford kaaks kii retirement kay baad clarence thereot bail stee schoolon kay principle banay. bail stee kay mahireen taleem aur athletics kay zindagi bhar kay haamee bail stee mein nayey jumm aur farsh kaa naam joone 2022 mein inn kii moth kay baad clarence thereot kay naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. inn kay potay tye jay hofpower nay batoor astaad coach aur athletic director school mein apnee khidmaat kii miraas jaari rakhee hay. aab woo hawaa. bail stee kay rehaishi hamishah yakam joone say 30 nomber takk sarkaari samandari toofan kay mosam kay doraan ankhala kay amkaan say aagah rehtay haine. austa sabb say garm mahinah jolayi hotaa hay jiss kii ausat oonchayi 91 digri faarin hight hoti hay. 2000 mein sabb say ziyadah record shadah darjah hararat 105 digri faarin hight thaa. austa sabb say thandaa mahinah januri hay jiss kii ausat kumm tareen satah 41 digri faarin hight hay. sabb say kumm record shadah darjah hararat 1951 mein 11 digri faarin hight thaa. ziyadah say ziyadah ausat baarish mayee mein 6.06 inch kii ausat baarish kay saath hoti hay aur kumm az kumm ausat baarish faroori mein hoti hay jiss mein ausat baarish 3.27 inch hoti hay. aabadi. 2000 riyasathaye muthadah mardam shumari demographic profile kii jhalkian beruni tafrih. bail stee dranage dich shikaar aur maahi geeri takk rasayi kii ajazat deeta hay. yaha lexine national wild life shellern kii maghrabi sarhad banata hay jasay 1937 mein janub maghrabi loisiana kay saahili pareri mein sardiyon kay aabi parindon kay liye rehaish gaah kay toor parr banaya gayaa thaa. hukumat. riyasati qanoon kay mutabiq calcasive peerish police jewari kuu khususi azlaa boards commission waghairah kay taqrar kaa akhtiyar haasil hay. peerish kay andar eek namzad elaqay kay liye makhsus khidmaat farahim karnay kay maqsad kay liye. inn mein say harr eek zalaa aur board apnee sargarmiyon kuu chalata hay aur iss kaa apnaa bujjet hotaa hay. bail stee calcasio peerish police jewari zalaa 10 mein hay. taleem. kay-12 bail stee hayee school bail stee laa mein padhtay haine. 2000 kii mardam shumari mein bail stee (70630) mein 25 saal say ziyadah amar kay 604 balighon kuu darj kiyaa gayaa. inn mein say 403 hayee school graduate yaa iss say ziyadah haine aur 64 kay paas bachelor digri yaa iss say ziyadah thee. girja gahar. sent jaan weeni charch 1939 mein qayem kiyaa gayaa sent. jaan weeni peerish calcasio soul peerish kay janub mashriqi hasay parr qaabiz hay juu eek bunyadi toor parr zarayi elaqah hay. peerish kuu sarkaari toor parr 1939 mein sabb say ziyadah reevi kay zariah qayem kiyaa gayaa thaa. jolis bee. genmard lafayat kay bashp aur yaha teen communities-bail stee gahaas aur holam wode kii khadmat kartaa hay. peerish kay qayaam say pehley elaqay mein catholic jenings loisiana mein hamaari leady help aaf krischan peerish kay paadriyon kay zariah khadmat kartay thay. baad mein velish loisiana mein aur phir sent say saat dolars kii hamaari khaatun kay paadri. loisiana kay aaiyowa mein rafeel peerish nay elaqay mein baday paimanay parr jashan manaya. sent kay liye waqaf eek cheepal. jozaf 1900 kay aas paas banaya gayaa thaa aur 1939 mein toofan say tabaah honay takk iss nay kaam kiyaa. baanee paadri riyo. methias jay. creamers apreel 1938 mein cheezon kuu muntaqil karnay kay liye pahunche. eek haal jasay webulter society nay fund aktha karnay waalay bazaron kay anaqad kay liye banaya thaa asay awaam kay jashan kay liye eek aarizi cheepal mein tabdil kirr diyaa gayaa. faadir creamer kay agenday parr pehli cheez eek rectory kii tameer thee juu agast 1939 mein makmal hoyee. aglaa mansubah eek charch thaa aur sing bunyaad agast kuu rakhaa gayaa thaa. 8yee 1940. emarat makmal hoyee aur asay bashp genmard nay dasambar kuu waqaf kiyaa. 1 asee saal kaa. peerish kay pehley trusti ferdinand nanz aur hairi veret thay. peerish kay pehley sarkaari record mayee 1939 mein sharoo hoay. iss say pehley kay record 1892 mein sharoo honay waalay jenings mein 1904 say velish mein aur 1930 say aaiyowa mein rakhay gayey thay. 1950 mein riyo. denail habitz waalid creamers kay baad paadri banay aur inn kay pehley mansubon mein say eek sent kii tameer thee. mister kay atiyah kardah jayedad parr heez mein denial cheepal. aur mohtarmah. felks habert. cheepal 16 apreel 1953 kuu waqaf kiyaa gayaa thaa aur sent. denail mission sarkaari toor parr sent say mansalk thaa. jaan weeni peerish. guzashta barson mein charch kii sahuliyaat mein behat see behtari kii gayee hay. 1981 mein bail stee mein charch kii tazyeen woo aaraish kii gayee. rectory kay peeche eek catechism center bhee hay aur bail stee aur gahaas mein haal haine. 2000 mein peerish nay 375 khandanon kii jamaat kii khadmat kii aur paadri riyo thaa. wee. ween leeblo juu 1999 mein tafviz kiyaa gayaa thaa. condergarten say lay kirr grade 12 takk kay 250 talbaa nay taleem mein sharkat kii. eek aur bury tanzim bail stee kay nights aaf columbus konsal 3048 hay jasay 9 apreel 1957 kuu manzam aur charter kiyaa gayaa thaa jiss mein methio faroj kuu charter grend night kay toor parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. bail stee leadys altedar society 1905 mein mister kay saath tashkil dee gayee thee. dalwa derween batoor pehley sadr. leadys battleter society highs loisiana kaa anaqad 1952 mein mohtarmah kay saath kiyaa gayaa thaa. alyaas lauran batoor pehley sadr. peerish kii nasf sadee kay doraan charch kay liye shandar khidmaat kay aiteraf mein mutadid pairshenarz kuu aizazat kay liye alg kiyaa gayaa hay. mohtarmah. healen zonbrechar kuu 1982 mein pope jaan paal dom nay pope saleeb baraye aizaz pru acclesia aett pontiface say sajaya thaa. methio faroj kuu sent kay tartib mein eek afsar kay toor parr sarmayah kaaree kii gayee thee. charlis bashp joday spearer kay zariah 1982 mein 1966 mein ddaisis aaf lafayat say bashp kaa tamgha haasil karnay kay baad. barbra theriot ester harrington meeri leager aur paleen poul kuu 1992 mein ddaisis aaf leek charlis kay waqaf saros medal say sajaya gayaa thaa. yahaan paadriyon kii fehrist hay jinhon nay sent kii khadmat kii hay. jaan weeni peerish inn saalon kay saath juu inhein peerish kuu tafviz kiye gayey thay: 1939-riyo. methias jay. creamers vovo 1950-riyo. denail habitz vovo 1958-riyo. aey. dabliyo. ween beaujteen vovo 1967-riyo. fernand aine. gawaokis vovo 1969-riyo. rozair velex vovo 1973-riyo. frances borzwa vovo 1977-riyo. raabart eel. shario vovo 1985-riyo. roland waahin vovo 1991-riyo. milton pee. miller vovo 1993 riyo. jaan aey. purio aur 1999-riyo. wee. ween leblo. riyo. albert boril nay 30 joone 2008 takk paadri kay toor parr khidmaat anjaam dain jabb inhein sent mein muntaqil kiyaa gayaa. vest leek mein jaan bosco.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6492812

Geneva Community High School

Geneva Community High School Geneva Community High School, or GHS, is a public high school located in Geneva, Illinois, a western suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is part of Geneva Community Unit School District 304. History. The history of academics dates back to 1876 when the first Geneva High School graduating class consisted of two students. The first building in which classes were held was located at 22 South Third Street in Geneva's downtown district at the site of the current post office. The school was moved to a newly constructed, then state-of-the-art building on Peyton Street in 1923, where it remained until the late 1950s. The Peyton Street facility was converted into a middle school named after Harry Coultrap, the first superintendent of the Geneva School District. After housing the middle school until 1994 and an elementary school until 2009, it was demolished in 2013. The current GHS building was opened in 1958 and was expanded in the 1970s and early 2000s. Academics. In 2010, Geneva had an average composite ACT score of 24.2, and graduated over 99% of its senior class. Geneva has made Adequate Yearly Progress on the Prairie State Achievement Examination, a state test part of the No Child Left Behind Act. In addition, in 2010, Geneva had 106 Illinois State Scholars, which constituted 23% of the senior class. Of the 206 students taking 302 AP tests in 2010, 85% received scores of 3, 4, or 5. Athletics. Geneva currently competes in the DuKane Conference and Illinois High School Association. School colors are blue and white, and teams are stylized as the Vikings, a nickname that appeared in newspapers as early as 1942, and was first used in the "Gecohi," Geneva's yearbook, in 1944 (for the 1943-1944 school year). The title, "Gecohi" (derived from GEneva COmmunity HIgh School), was renamed the "Viking" in 1948. Students referred to the school as "Gecohi" as late as 1980. Geneva's traditional rival is Batavia High School. Batavia High School is located in Batavia, the neighboring town to the south. From 1913 through 2023, the Vikings and the Bulldogs of Batavia High School have faced off on the football field 105 times. The current record is 51-49-5, favoring Geneva. The Batavia-Geneva game is among the top twenty oldest football rivalries in the state of Illinois. The Geneva girls cross country team won the IHSA Class 3A state championship in 2008. The boys basketball team finished in fourth place in IHSA Class 4A in 2015. The girls basketball team won the IHSA Class 4A state title in 2017. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

geneva community haiskul geneva community haiskul baa gaes hoise aamerika juktorastror ilinoysor sikagur poschim uponogor ilinoysor jenebhat owosthito ekhon rajohuwa uscho bidyaloy. ee geneva community unit skool jilaa 304-ror ongxo. itihax. 1876 sonor poraa xikhyar itihax aarombho hoy jetiya geneva haiskulor prothom snatok shrenit dujon saatro-chatri aasil. shreni onusthito huwa prothom bhowontu jenebhar downtown jilaar 22 dokhyin tritiyo pothot bortomanor dakghoror sthanot owosthito aasil. bidyaloikhon 1923 sonot payton pothot notunkoi nirmito, tetiyar otyadhunik bhowonoloi sthanantorito koraa hoisil, zo 'too ee 1950 sonor xexoloike aasil. payton street xubidhatuk geneva skool jilaar prothom odhikhyok heri kultrepor naamere naamkoron koraa ekhon madhyomik bidyaloyoloi rupantorit koraa hoisil. 1994 sonoloike madhyomik bidyaloy aaru 2009 sonoloike etaa prathomik bidyaloy thokar pisot, 2013 sonot iyak dhongxo koraa hoisil. bortomanor gaes bhowontu 1958 sonot mukoli koraa hoisil aaru 1970 aaru 2000-ror doxokor aarombhonite iyak xomproxarito koraa hoisil. xikhyanobix. 2010 sonot jenebhar gorh jougik obhinoyor nombor aasil 24.2, aaru iyar jyestho shrenir 99 xotangxotkoi odhik snatok hoisil. geneva preri rajyik krititwo porikhyat porzapto barxik ogrogoti laabh korise, jitu kunu xixu baad diya aainor ek rajyik porikhyar ongxo. iyar uporiu, 2010 sonot jenebhat 106 john ilinoy rajyik pondito aasil, ji jyestho shrenir 23 xotangxo aasil. 2010 sonot 305 epi porikhyat ongxogrohon koraa 206 john xikhyarthir bhitorot 85 xotangxoi 3,4 baa 5 nombor laabh korisil. athletics. geneva bortoman dukane xonmilon aaru ilinoyos haiskul ess "siyesyonot protidondita kore. bidyaloyor rong neela aaru bogaa, aaru dolbur viking hisape xoilibodho koraa hoy, etaa uponam jitu 1942 sonor aarombhonite baatori kakotot prokax paisil, aaru 1944 sonot jenebhar bosorpustika "gekuhi" too prothombaror baabe byobohar koraa hoisil (1943-1944 bidyaloy borxor baabe). 1948 sonot "gekuhi" (geneva community haiskulor poraa udbhob) xirxok naamtur naam xoloni kori "viking" rokha hoisil. 1980 sonor xexor faale xikhyarthixokole bidyaloituk "gekuhi" buli ullekh korisil. jenebhar poromporagot protidondi hoise batabhiya haiskul. batabhiya haiskul dokhyinor suburiya sohor batabhiyat owosthito. 1913 sonor poraa 2014 sonoloike batabhiya haiskulor vikings aaru buldogxokole football khelpotharot 96 baar mukhamukhi hoise. bortomanor obhilekhtu hoise 51-41-5, jenebhar pokhyopati. batabhiya-geneva khel ilinoy rajyor xirxo bixkhon ataitkoi puroni football protidonditar bhitorot onyotomo. geneva suwali croch country dole 2008 sonot ihsa class 3e rajyik championswip joy korisil. lo "raa-suwalir busketball doltuwe 2015 sonot essa shreni shreni soturtho sthanot xomapto korisil. suwalir busketball doltuwe 2017 sonot ihsa shreni 4e rajyik khitap laabh korisil.

geneva community hye school geneva community hye school baa ghs holl markin juktorashtrer ilinoyer shikagor poschim shahartalir geneva abosthito ekti public hye school. etty geneva community unit school zela 304-err ongsho. itihas. 1876 saale geneva uchcho bidyalayer prothom snatok shrenite duijon shikkharthi chhilo. prothom jey bhobone classes onusthito hoyechilo taa bortoman dakghar sthane genever shahartalir jelara 22 dakkhin tritiya rastai abosthito chhilo. 1923 saale vidyalayati peiton streeter ekti nobonirmito, takhankar atyadhunik bhobone sthanantorito hoy, jekhane etty 1950-err doshoker sheshbhag porjonto chhilo. peiton strita subidhake geneva school jelara prothom superintendent harry kultraper naame ekti madhyomik bidyalaye rupantarita koraa hoyechilo. 1994 saal porjonto madhyomik vidyalaya ebong 2009 saal porjonto ekti prathomik vidyalaya thucker porr, 2013 saale etty venge fela hoy. bortoman ghs bhabanti 1958 saale khola hoy ebong 1970 ebong 2000-err doshoker godar dike prosarito hoy. shikkhanobish. 2010 saale, genever garh jougik act score chhilo 24.2, ebong taar senior classer 99 shotangshero beshi snatok hoyechilo. geneva preiri rajyo krititto porikkhai porjapto barshik aggrogoti koreche, jaa konao shishu aboshishto aainer ekti rajyo porikkhar ongsho. echhadao, 2010 saale, geneva 106 john ilinoy rajyer pondito chhilen, jaa probin shrenir 23 shotangsho chhilo. 2010 saale jey 206 john shikkharthi ayee. pii. porikkhai ongsho niyechilo, taader modhye 85 shotangsho 3,4 baa 5 nambar peyeche. athletics. geneva bortomane ducane sommelon ebong ilinoy hye school associatione protidwondita korey. skooler rongo neel ebong saadaa, ebong dolgulike vikings hisabe shailibaddha koraa hoy, ekti ducknum jaa 1942 saaler godar dike sangbadpatre prokashito hoyechilo ebong 1944 saale genever borshopustok 'gekohi'-teey prothom byabohrito hoyechilo (1943-1944 school bochorer jonno). gekohi" (geneva community hye school theke udbhuto) shironamtir 1948 saale "viking" namkaran koraa hoy. 1980 saaler shesher dike shikkharthira vidyalayatike "gekohi" hisabe ullekh korey. genever oitijjobahi protidwondi holl batavia uchcho vidyalaya. batavia uchcho vidyalayati dakkhine parshoborti shohor batavia abosthito. 1913 theke 2014 saal porjonto, batavia uchcho bidyalayer vikings ebong buldagra football maathe 96 barr mukhomukhi hoyeche. bortoman recordti holl 51-41-5, jaa genever pokkhe. batvia-geneva khelati ilinoy rajyer sheersho kuditi prachintama football protidwonditar modhye ekti. geneva garles cross country doll 2008 saale ihsa classes 3ayee rajyo championship jitechilo. 2015 saale chheleder basketball doll ihsa classes classes choturtho sthane shesh korey. meyeder basketball doll 2017 saale ihsa classes 4ayee rajyo khetab jitechilo.

geneva samudaay uchch shaala geneva community haai school, athavaa ghs, aee united statesma shikago, ileenoisna pashchimi upnagar geneva, ileenoisma stheet aek jaaher uchch shaala chhe. teey geneva samudaay aekam shaala jilla 304 noow bhaag chhe. itihas. vidhyanona itihaasnee sharuaat sharuaat thaee hatee jyaare geneva highschoolna pratham snaatak vargmaa beey vidhyarthio hataa. pratham imaarat jemaa vargo yojaya hataa teey vartmaan poosta officena sthale genevana downtown jeellama 22 dakshin triji shereemaa stheet hatee. shaalane shaalane pyton street parr navee bandhvama aaveli, teey samaye atyadhunik imaaratmaa khasedvama aavee hatee, jyaan teey teey daykana anta sudhee rahee hatee. payton street suvidhaane geneva shaala jeellana pratham adhikshak herry kultrepnaa naam parthee naam aapvama aaveli maadhyameek shaalaama rupantarit karvaamaa aavee hatee. 1994 sudhee maadhyameek shaala aneey 2009 sudhee praathmeek shaala rakhyaa pachhi, tene tene todee padvama aavee hatee. vartmaan jee. aech. aesa. imaarat imaarat kholvaamaa aavee hatee aneey 1970 aneey aneey daaykaani sharuaatmaa tenu vistaran karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. vidhyano. hataa, genevano sarerash sanyukt abhinay sqora 24.2 hato, aneey teey tenaa varishth vargnaa 99 takaathi vadhu snaatak thayaa hataa. geneva preri raajy seeddhi pariksha parr puratee vaarshik pragatee curry chhe, jeey koee baadak paachhal naa rahevana adhiniyamno raajy parikshan bhaag chhe. vadhumaa, hataa, jinevama 106 eleanois rajyanaa vidhyano hataa, jeey varishth vargnaa 23 takaa hataa. hataa jeey 206 vidhyarthioae 302 aepee parikshaao aapee hatee temathi 85 takaa vidhyarthioae 3,4 keey 5 guna melvyaa hataa. athletics. geneva haalmaa ducane parishad aneey eleanois haai school associationma bhaag leey chhe. shaalaana rango vaadadi aneey safed hoya chhe, aneey teamone wikings tareeke shailibaddh karvaamaa aave chhe, aek upnaam jeey 1942 nee sharuaatmaa akhbaaromaa dekhaayu hatoo, aneey teno upyog pratham vakhat 1944 maan (1943-1944 shaala varsh maate) jenevani vaarshik pustak "gekohi" maan karvaamaa aavyo hato. gekohi" (geneva community haai school parthee utaree aavel) shirshaknu naam naam "wiking" rakhvama aavyu hatoo. hatoo antamaa vidhyarthioae shaalane "gekohi" tareeke odakhaavi hatee. jenevaano paramparagat harif batavia haiskool chhe. batavia uchch shaala dakshinma padoshi shaher bataviyama stheet chhe. 1913 thee 2014 sudhee, betavia haai skoolnaa wikings aneey bulldogs footballnaa medaan parr 96 vakhat saamsaame aavyaa chhe. vartmaan reqorda 51-41-5 chhe, jeey jinevani tarfen karey chhe. batavia-geneva ramat eleanois raajyani tochnee vees sauthee juunii football harifaiomani aek chhe. geneva gearls cross country teame teame ihsa class 3aee raajy championship jeetee hatee. chhokaraoni basketball team team ihsa varg varg chothaa sthaane rahee hatee. chhokarioni basketball teame teame ihsa varg 4aee raajy khitaab jeetyo hato.

jineva samudayik uchch vidyalaya jineva community hyee school, yaa ghs, sanyukt raajya america mein shikago, ilinois key paschimi upnagar jineva, ilinois mein sthit ack saarvajanik hyee school haye. yeh geneva samudayik ikai school jilaa 304 kaa hissa haye. itihas. shikshaavidon kaa itihas 1876 kaa haye jaba pahali geneva hyee school snaatak kaksha mein dou chhaatr shamil they. pahali imarat jisamen kakshaaen aayojit kii gaeen, vartamaan dakghar key sthal parr jineva key downtown jile mein 22 dakshin teesari sadak parr sthit thee. school koo 1923 mein petton street parr ack navanirmit, tatkalin atyaadhunik imarat mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jahan yeh 1950 key dashak key anta taka banaa rhaa. petton street suvidha koo ack middle school mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa jiska naam geneva school jile key pahale adheekshak hairi coultrap key naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. 1994 taka maadhyamik vidyalaya aur 2009 taka ack praathamik vidyalaya key rahane key baad, ise 2013 mein dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa. vartamaan gha. bhawan 1958 mein khola gayaa thaa aur 1970 aur 2000 key dashak kii shuruat mein iska vistaar kiya gayaa thaa. shikshaavid. 2010 mein, geneva kaa ausat samagr kaary score 24.2 thaa, aur usane apane varishth varg key 99 pratishat seey adhik snaatak kiya. geneva ney prayeri raajya upalabdhi pariksha parr paryaapt vaarshik pragati kii haye, joe koee bachcha adhiniyam key peechhe naheen chhodata haye. isake alawa, 2010 mein, jineva mein 106 ilinois raajya vidwan they, joe varishth varg kaa 23 pratishat thaa. 2010 mein 302 appy pareekshan dene vaale 206 chhatron mein seey 85 pratishat ney 3,4 yaa 5 key ank praapt kiye. athletics. geneva vartamaan mein duken sammelan aur ilinois hyee school association mein pratispardha kartaa haye. school key rung neele aur safed hotey hain, aur teams koo wikings key roop mein shailibaddh kiya jaataa haye, ack upnaam joe 1942 kii shuruat mein samachar patron mein dikhaai diyaa thaa, aur pahali baar 1944 mein (1943-1944 school varsh key liye) "gekohi", geneva kii vaarshik pustak mein upayog kiya gayaa thaa. gekohi" sheershak (geneva samudayik uchch vidyalaya seey vyutpann) kaa naam 1948 mein "wiking" rakhaa gayaa thaa. chhatron ney 1980 key anta mein school koo "gekohi" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya thaa. geneva kaa paaramparik pratidvandi batavia hyee school haye. batavia hyee school dakshin mein padosi shahar batavia mein sthit haye. 1913 seey 2014 taka, baitaviya hyee school key wikings aur bulldog football key maidan parr 96 baar aamane-saamane hue hain. vartamaan record 51-41-5 haye, joe geneva kaa paksh letaa haye. baitaviya-geneva khel ilinois raajya mein sheersh bees sabse purani football pratidvandvitaon mein seey ack haye. jineva girls cross country team ney 2008 mein ihsa class 3aeye raajya championship jeeti. ladakon kii basketball team 2015 mein aaee. aich. aiss. aeye. kaksha 4aeye mein chauthe sthaan parr rahee. ladkiyon kii basketball team ney 2017 mein ihsa class 4aeye raajya khitaab jeetaa.

geneeva samudaaya proudhashaale geneeva samudaaya proudhashaale athawa ghchs, united statesna ileanoisn chikagoda paschima upanagaravaada jeneevaadalliruva saarvajanika proudhashaaleyaagide. idu geneeva samudaaya ghataka shaala jille 304rahra bhagavagide. itihaasa. shaikshanika itihaasavu 1876ralli modala geneva proudhashala padavi vargavu ibbaru vidyarthigalannu olagondittu. taragatigalu nadeda modala kattadavu prastuta anche kacheria sthaladalliruva jeneevaada downtown jilleya 22 daksina moorane beediyallide. ee shaaleyannu 1923ralli paitan beediyalli hosadaagi nirmisalaada, aagina atyaadhunika kattadakke sthalaantarisalaayitu, allie adhu 1950rahra dashakada antyadavarege uliyitu. paitan streat soulabhyavannu genieva shaala jilleya modala superintendent harry coultrap avara hesarina madhyama shaaleyaagi parivartisalaayitu. 1994ravarege madhyamika shaaleyannu mattu 2009ravarege praathamika shaaleyannu hondidda nantara, adannu 2013ralli kedavalaayitu. prastuta zii. etch. ess kattadavannu 1958ralli tereyalaayitu mattu 1970rahra dashaka mattu 2000dha dashakada aarambhadalli vistarisalaayitu. shaikshanika. 2010ralli, geneeva sarasari samyojita act score 24.2 annu hondittu mattu adara hiriya vargada shekada 99kkinta hecchu padavi padedide. priory state achievement pariksheyalli geneeva saakashtu varshika pragatiyannu saadhiside, idu yaavude magu bittuhogilla kaayideya raajya pariksha bhagavagide. idallade, 2010ralli, jeneevaadalli 106 ileanois rajyada vidvaamsariddaru, idu hiriya vargada shekada 23rashtittu. 2010ralli nadeda aa. pii. parikshegalalli, 206 vidyaarthigalu uttirnaraadaaga, avaralli shekada 85rashtu vidyaarthigalu 3,4 athawa 5 ankagalannu padedaru. athletics. geneeva prastuta ducane sammelana mattu ileanois haiskool associationnalli spardhisuttade. shaleya bannagalu neeli mattu bili bannaddagiruttave, mattu tandagalannu vaikinggalendu shailikarisalaagide, idu 1942rashtu hindeye patrikegalalli kanisikonda addahesaru, mattu idannu modala baarige 1944ralli (1943-1944 shaala varshakkaagi) jeneevaada varshika pustakavaada "gekohi" yalli balasalaayitu. gekohi" emba shirshikeyannu (geneva samudaaya proudhashaaleyinda vyutpannavagide) 1948ralli "wiking" endu marunamakarana maadalaayitu. vidyaarthigalu 1980rahra hottige ee shaaleyannu "gekohi" endu ullekhisidaru. jeneevaada saampradaayika pratispardhi batavia haiskool aagide. batavia proudhashaaleyu dakshinadalliruva nereya pattanavaada bataaviyaadallide. 1913rinda 2014ravarege, batavia proudhashaaleya vaikinggalu mattu buldaggalu football maidaanadalli 96 baari mukhaamukhiyaagive. prastuta daakhaleyu 51-41-5 aagiddu, jeneevaada paravagi ide. batavia-geneva aatavu ileanois rajyada ippattu atyanta haleya football paipotiyagide. geneva balakiyara cross kantri tandavu 2008ralli ihasa classes 3aa raajya championship annu geddukonditu. 2015ralli baalaka basketball tandavu 4neey taragatiyalli nalkane sthana galisittu. balakiyara basketball tandavu 2017ralli ihsa classes 4aa raajya prashastiyannu geddukonditu.

janeeva community haiskool american aikyanaadukalile illinoyisile chikkagoyude padinjaaran praanthapradeshamaaya illinoyisile jeneevayil sthithicheyyunna oru pothu haiskoolaanu jeneeva community haiskool allengil jii. echu. ezz.. ithu jeneeva community yoonit school distrikt 304-nte bhagamaanu. charithram. 1876 ll aadyathe janeeva haiskool birudadhaarikalaaya rund vidyaarthikal ulppetta classaanu academic charithratthil ulppettirunnathu. klaasukal nadanna aadyathe kettidam nilavile poost oafees ulla sthalathulla jeneevayude dauntaun jillayile 22 southu therd streetilaanu sthithi cheythath. 1923ll paittan streettile puthuthayi nirmmicha, athyaadhunikamaaya oru kettidatthilekku school maatti, avide athu 1950kalude avasaanam vare thudarnnu. paittan street soukaryam jeneeva school distrikttinte aadya sooprandaaya haari kooltraappinte perilulla oru middle skoolaayi maatti. 1994 vare middle school 2009 vare oru praadhamika vidyaalayavum sthaapicha sesham 2013ll ithu polichuneekki. nilavile jii. echu. ezz kettidam 1958ll thurakkukayum 1970kalilum 2000kalude thudakkathilum vipuleekarikkukayum cheythu. academic. 2010ll, jeneevayude sharashari samyojitha aakt score 24.2 aayirunnu, koodaathe athinte seeniyar klaasinte 99 sathamaanathiladhikam birudam nedi. noow child lephtt behind aaktinte samsthaana pareekshana bhagamaaya prairi stettu acheevment eksaamineshanil jeneeva mathiyaya vaarshika purogathi kaivarichittundu. koodaathe, 2010ll janeevayil 106 illinois samsthaana pandithanmaar undaayirunnu, ithu muthirnna vibhaagathil 23 shathamaanamaayirunnu. 2010ll eiii. pii. pareeksha ezhuthiya 206 vidyaarthikalil 85 sathamaanam perkkum 3,4,5 enninganeyulla skorukal labhichu. athlattiks. jeneeva nilavil ducain konfaransilum illinois haiskool associationilum malsarikkunnu. school nirangal neelayum veluppum aanu, teamukal 1942 muthal pathrangalil prathyakshappetta oru vilipperaaya wikings aayi stylise cheythittundu, 1944 ll (1943-1944 school varshathinaayi) jeneevayude iyarbukkaaya "gekohi" yill ithu aadyamaayi upayogichu. gekohi" (jeneeva community haiskoolil ninnu uruthirinja) enna thalakkett 1948 ll "wiking" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappettu. vidyaarthikal 1980 muthal eee schooline "gekohi" ennu vilichirunnu. battaviya haiskoolaanu jineevayude parambaraagatha ethiraali. thekk bhaagathulla ayal pattanamaya battaviyayilaanu battaviya haiskool sthithi cheiyunnathu. 1913 muthal 2014 vare battaaviya haiskoolile vaikkingukalum buldogukalum football maitanath 96 thavana ettumutti. nilavile record 51-41-5 aanu, ithu jeneeva anukoolikkunnu. ileanois samsthaanathe ettavum pazhakkam chenna irupathu football malsarangalil onnaanu battaaviya-jeneeva geyim. 2008ll jeneeva gales cross kantri team ihsa klaas 3eiii stettu chaambyanshippu nedi. 2015ll isa klaas 4ayil aankuttikalude basketball team naalam sthaanathethi. 2017ll penkuttikalude basketball team ihsa klaas 4eiii samsthaana kireedam nedi.

jineva samudayik madhyamik shaala jineva community hyschool kinwa jee. etch. ess. hii eka sarvajanik hyschool aahe jee jineva, eleanoy, shikago, eleanois, united stateschya paschim upnagarat sthit aahe. haah geneva samudayik unit shaala jilha 304 chaa bhag aahe. itihas. shikshanacha itihas 1876 salapasoon suru hoto, jevha geneva hyschoolchya pahilya padvidhar vargat done vidyarthi hote. jyaa pahilya imaratit varg aayojit kele gele hote tee jinevachya downtown jilhyatil 22 dakshin dakshin rastyavar sadhyachya tapal karyalayachya thikani hotee. 1923 madhye hii shaala pyton rastyavaril navyane bandhalelya, nantarchya atyadhunik imaratit halavanyat aalee, jithe tee 1950 chya dashakachya uttaradhaparyant rahili. pyton street suvidheche rupantar jineva shaala jilhyache pahile adhikshak harry coultrap yanchya navavarun madhyam shalet karnyat aale. 1994 paryant madhyamik shaala aanee 2009 paryant prathamik shaala rahilyanantar, 2013 madhye tee padnyat aalee. sadhyachi jee. etch. ess. imarat 1958 madhye ughadanyat aalee aanee 1970 chya dashakat aanee 2000 chya dashakachya suruvatila ticha vistar karnyat aala. shaikshanik. 2010 madhye, jenevhache sarasari sammishra krutee gunank 24.2 hote aanee tyachya varishtha vargachya 99 takkyanhun adhik padvidhar jhaale. jinevane preri rajya kamgiri parikshet pureshi varshik pragati kelee aahe, jee 'noow child left behind ect' chaa rajya chachani bhag aahe. yavyatirikt, 2010 madhye, geneva yethe eleanoy rajyatil 106 vidwan hote, jeey varishtha vargachya 23 takke hote. 2010 madhye, aii. pii. chya 302 pariksha pariksha 206 vidyarthyanpaiki 85 takke vidyarthyanna 3,4 kinwa 5 guna midale. ethletics. jineva sadhya ducane parishad aanee eleanoy hyschool associationmadhye spardha karate. shaleche rung nile aanee pandhare asatat aanee sanghanna wikings mhanoon shailibaddha kele jaate, heey topananav 1942 chya suruvatilach vartmanpatranmadhye prakashit jhaale hote aanee 1944 madhye (1943-1944 shaley varshasathi) jenevhachya varshik pustakat 'gekohi' madhye pahilyanda vaparale gele hote. gekohi' (geneva samudayik madhyamik shaletoon vyutpann) yaa shirshakache naav 1948 madhye 'wiking' asey karnyat aale. vidyarthyanni 1980 salaparyant yaa shalecha 'gekohi' assa ullekh keela. jenevhacha paramparik pratispardhi batavia hyschool aahe. batavia hyschool dakshinekadil shejarchya batavia shaharat aahe. 1913 teey 2014 yaa kalat, batavia hyschoolchya wikings aanee bulldog 96 vela footballchya maidanavar aamnesamne aale aahet. sadhyachi nond 51-41-5 aahe, jee jenevhachya bajoone aahe. batavia-geneva khel haah eleanoy rajyatil sarvat junya vees football spardhanpaiki eka aahe. jineva mulinchya cross country sanghane 2008 madhye ihsa class 3aii rajya ajinkyapad spardha jinkley. 2015 madhye mulanchya basketball sanghane ihsa varg 4aii madhye chauthe sthan midavale. mulinchya basketball sanghane 2017 madhye ihsa varg 4aii rajya vijetepad jinkale.

jenebha samudayik uccha vidyalaya jenebha community hai schol, wa ghs, sanyukta rajya americako shikago, ilinoisko paschimi upanagar jenebha, ilinoisma awasthit ek sarvajanik uccha vidyalaya how. yo jenebha samudayik ekai vidyalaya zilla 304 ko bhag how. itihas. shikshawidharuko itihas sann 1876 maa suru bhaeko thiyo jab jenebha hai schoolko pahilo snatak kakshama dui zana vidyarthiharu thie. kaksha ayojit bhaeko pahilo bhawan jenebhako downtown jillako 22 dakshin tesro sadakma awasthit thiyo. yass vidyalayalai sann 1923 maa petton sadakma nawanirmit, tyasapachhi atyadhunik bhawanma sarieko thiyo, jahaan yo sann 1950 ko dashakko antyasamma rahyo. petton sadak suwidhalai jenebha vidyalaya jillaka pratham adhikshak harry kultrapko namama raheko madhyamik vidyalayama parinat garieko thiyo. sann 1994 samma madhyamik vidyalaya rar sann 2009 samma prathamik vidyalaya bhaeko pachhi, yasalai sann 2013 maa dhwasta parieko thiyo. halko ghs bhawan sann 1958 maa kholieko thiyo rar sann 1970 rar 2000 ko dashakko suruma wistar garieko thiyo. shikshawidharu. sann 2010 maa, jenebhako ausat composite act score 24.2 thiyo, rar yasako warishtha wargako 99 pratishat bhanda badhi snatak bhayo. jenebhale preyari rajya upalabdhi parikshama paryapta warshik pragati gareko chha, june kunai bachcha pachhadi chhodeko adhiniyamko rajya parikshan bhag how. yasabahek, sann 2010 maa, jenebhama 106 eleanois rajya vidwanharu thie, june warishtha wargako 23 pratishat thiyo. sann 2010 maa 302 ap parikshan garne 206 zana vidyarthimadhye 85 pratishatle 3,4 wa 5 ko anka prapta gareka thie. athletics. jenebhale hall dukane sammelan rar eleanois hai schol associationma pratispardha gardacha. schoolka rangharu nilo rar seto hunchhan, rar toliharulai bhaikingsko rupma shailibadha garieko chha, ek upanam june sann 1942 ko suruma akhabarharuma dekha paryo, rar pahilo patak 1944 maa jenebhako warshik pustak "gekohi" maa prayog garieko thiyo (1943-1944 schol warshaka lagi). gekohi" (jenebha samudayik uccha vidyalayabata wyutpanna) shirshaklai sann 1948 maa "bhiking" naam diieko thiyo. vidyarthiharule sann 1980 ko antyatira yass vidyalayalai "gekohi" bhanera ullekha gare. jenebhako paramparagat pratidwandi batabhiya hai schol how. batavia hai schol dakshinma chhimeki sahar bataviama awasthit chha. sann 1913 dekhi 2014 samma, batavia hai schoolka bhiking rar buladagharu football maidanma 96 patak bhideka chhan. halko record 51-41-5 how, jenebhako pakshama. batavia-jenebha khel eleanois rajyako shirsha beas sabaibhanda purano football pratidwandiharu madhye ek how. jenebha ketiharuko cruss contry tolile sann 2008 maa ihsa class 3ae rajya championship jiteko thiyo. ketaharuko basketball tolly sann 2015 maa ihsa kaksha 4 ae maa chautho sthanma rahyo. ketiharuko basketball tolile sann 2017 maa ihsa class 4ae rajyako upadhi jiteko thiyo.

jenebha gosthi uccha bidyalaja jenebha community haiskul, kimba ghs, heuchhi eka sarbajaneena haiskul jaahaa americara ilinayasara chikagore paschima upakanth jenebha, ilinajare abasthita . ehaa jenebha gosthi unit bidyalaja zillah 304 rahr ansha . itihas. sikhya bigyanara itihas 1876 masihar, jetebele jenebha highschooler pratham snataka shreneere dui john chhatra thile. pratham kotha jeunthire class anusthita hoithila, taaha jenebhara downtown jillara 22 dakhina truteeja rastare barttamanara dakghar sthanare abasthita thila . 1923 masihare ehi bidyalajaku eka nutan nirmita, tatkaleena atyadhunika bhabanare sthanantara karajaithila, jeunthare ehaa 1950 dashkar shesh parjyanta rahithila. petton street subidhaku jenebha skula jillara pratham adhikhyaka harry kulatrapnka naamare eka madhyamika bidyalajare rupantarita karajaithila. 1994 masiha parjyanta madhyamika bidyalaja ebong 2009 masiha parjyanta eka prathamika bidyalaja rahiba parey, 2013 masihare ehaaku bhangi diajaithila. barttamanara ghs kotha 1958 masihare kholajaithila ebong 1970 ebong 2000 dashkar prarambhare ehara samprasarana karajaithila. sikhyanabisa. 2010 masihare, jenebhankara harahari composite act score 24.2 thila, ebong shay ehara baristha shrenira 99 pratishataru adhika snataka hassel karithile. jenebha preiree rajya saphalata parikhyare parjyapta barshika agragati karichhi, jaahaa noe child lebhda behind actra eka rajya parikhya ansha . ehaa byatita, 2010 masihare, jenebhathare 106 john eleanoy rajya bidwana thile, jeunmane baristha shrenira 23 pratishata thile. 2010 masihare, jeun 206 john chhatrachhatri aii. pii. ray ray parikhya deithile, semananka madhyaru 85 pratishata 3,4 kimba 5 nambara paithile. athletics. jenebha bartamana dukane sammilani ebong eleanois haiskul aasosiesanare pratidwandita karanti . bidyalajara ranga neela ebong dhalaa, ebong dalagudika bhaikingas bhabare shaileekruta, eka upanama jaahaa 1942 ray khabarakagajare prakash paithila, ebong 1944 ray jenebhanka barshapustaka "gekohi" ray pratham thara paain byabahruta hoithila (1943-1944 bidyalaja barsha paain) . 1948 masihare 'gekohi' (jenebha gosthi uccha bidyalajaru utpanna) shirshakatira naama paribartana karajai 'bhaikinga' rakhajaithila. 1980 masiha belaku chhatrachhatrimane ehi bidyalajaku 'gekohi' bolly kahithile. jenebhanka paramparika pratidwandee heuchhanti batabhia haiskul. batabhia haiskul dakhinare padoshi sahara batabhiare abasthita . 1913 ru 2014 parjyanta, batabhia highschooler bhaikinga ebong bulldog football padiaare 96 thara muhanmuhin hoichhanti. barttamanara record heuchhi 51-41-5, jenebha sapakhyare. batabhia-jenebha khela eleanois rajyara shrestha kodie puruna football pratidwandita madhyare achhi . jenebha balika cross contry dala 2008 ray ihsa class 3 aii rajya championship jitithila . | pua basketball dala ihsa class class chaturtha sthanare rahithila. balika basketball dala 2017 ray ihsa class 4 aii rajya title jitithila .

jeneva community hyee school jeneva community hyee school, jaan jee. aich. aiss., ikk jantak hyee school haii joe sanyukat raaj amrica witch shikago, eleanois dey ikk pachmi upnagar jeneva, eleanois witch sathit haii. ih janeva community unit school zilha 304 daa hissa haii. itihaas. akadamik itihaas 1876 daa haii jadon pahili jeneva hyee school graduation class witch doou vidiaarthi shamal sunn. pahili imaarat jiss witch classes aayojit keetiaan gaeeaan sunn, maujuda dakghar dee jagha utte jeneva dey downtown zilhe witch 22 dakkhan tiji glee utte sathit see. school noon 1923 witch petton street utte ikk naveen bnee, firr atie-aadhunik imaarat witch tabdil qarr ditta giaa see, jitthe ih 1950 dey dahake dey akheer takk riha. petton street sahulat noon ikk middle school witch badliaa giaa see jisda naam jeneva school zilhe dey pahile superdent hairi coultrap dey naam utte rakkhiaa giaa see. middle school noon 1994 takk atey 2009 takk ikk elementary school banaun toon baad, iss noon 2013 witch dhaah ditta giaa see. maujuda jee. aich. aiss. imaarat 1958 witch kholhi gaee see atey 1970 atey 2000 dey dahake dey shuru witch isda vistaar keeta giaa see. akadamik. saal 2010 witch, jeneva daa ausat sanyukat aikat score 24.2 see, atey iss neey aapni senior class dey 99 pratishat toon vaddh graduate keeta. jeneva neey prairi raaj prapati prikhiaa witch lodindi salana pragati keeti haii, joe kii koee baccha pichhe naheen chaddiaa aikat daa ikk raaj test hissa haii. iss toon ilava, 2010 witch, jeneva witch 106 eleanois raaj dey vidwan sunn, joe senior varag daa 23 pratishat sunn. saal 2010 witch, jinhan 206 vidiaarthiaan neey aii. pee. test ditte sunn, unhan vicchon 85 feesdi neey 3,4 jaan 5 ank prapat keete sunn. athletics. jeneva iss vele dukene conferences atey eleanois hyee school association witch mukabala karda haii. school dey rung neele atey chitte hunde hunn, atey teaman noon wikings dey roop witch shailibadh keeta jaanda haii, ikk upnam joe 1942 dey shuru witch akhbaran witch prakashit hoiaa see, atey pahili vaar 1944 witch (1943-1944 school saal laee) "gekohi", jeneva dee saal-pustak witch vartiaa giaa see. sirlekh, "gekohi" (jeneva community hyee school toon liaa giaa), daa naam 1948 witch "wiking" rakkhiaa giaa see. vidiaarthiaan neey 1980 witch school noon "gekohi" vajon janhiaa see. jeneva daa ravaiti virodhi batavia hyee school haii. batavia hyee school dakkhan witch guandhi shehar batavia witch sathit haii. 1913 toon 2014 takk, batavia hyee school dey wikings atey buldog football dey maidaan witch 96 vaar aahmo-sahmane hoow chukke hunn. maujuda ricard 51-41-5 haii, joe jeneva daa pakkh purda haii. batavia-jeneva khed eleanois raaj witch choti dey veeh sabh toon purane football pratiyogiaan vicchon ikk haii. jeneva gerals karaas contry team neey 2008 witch ihsa class 3aii state championship jitti see. ladkiaan dee basketball team neey 2015 witch ihsa class 4aii witch chauthe sathaan 'teey rahee see. ladkiaan dee basketball team neey 2017 witch ihsa class 4aii raaj daa khitaab jittiaa see.

jinevaa samudayah ucchavidyaalayaha jinevaa-samudaay-ucchavidyaalayaha athavaa jee. ech. ess., samyuktarajyamerikadesha ileanois-nagarasya shikaago-nagarasya pashchim-upanagarasy jenevaa-nagare sthitah saarwajanik-ucchavidyaalayaha asti. ayam jenevaa-samudaay-ekakam vidyaalaya-mandalasya 304 ityasya bhaagah asti. itihaasah. shikshaavid-itihaasah 1876 tamavarshaat aarabhy asti, yadaa jenevaa-ucchavidyaalayasya prathama-snaatak-vargasya chhaatradwayam aasit. prathamam bhavanam yasmin kakshaah aayojitaani aasan, tatt jenevaa-nagarasya madhyamandale 22 dakshina-truteeya-maarge vartamaanasya dakakaryalayasya sthaane aasit. 1923 tame varshe, vidyaalayah, payton-margasya navanirmitam, tatah atyaadhunikam bhavanam asthaapyat, yatra 1950 tamasya dashakasy ante yaavat aasit. payton-veethi-suvidhaa, jenevaa-vidyaalaya-mandalasya prathama-adheekshake hyaari-kultraap ityasya namna madhyam-vidyaalayaroopen parivartitaa. 1994 paryantam maadhyamikavidyaalayasya, 2009 paryantam praathamikavidyaalayasya cha aavaasaanantaram 2013 tame varshe tasya vidhvamsaha abhavat. vartamaanasya jee. ech. ess. bhavanasya udghaatanam 1958 tame varshe abhavat, 1970 tame dashake 2000 tame dashake cha tasya vistaarah abhavat. shikshaawidah. 2010 tame varshe, jenevaa-ityasya samyukta-karya-ankah 24.2 aasit, tathaa cha tasya varishtavargasya 99 pratishatatah adhikaah snaatakapadaveem praapnot. jenevaa-samsthaa preyaree-rajya-upalabdhi-parikshayam paryaaptam vaarshikam pragatim akarot, yat no chaild-left-behand-aakt ityasya rajya-pareekshan-bhaagah asti. tadatiriktam, 2010 tame varshe jinevaa-nagare ileanois-rajyasya 106 vidvaamsaha aasan, ye varishtavargasya 23 pratishatam aasan. 2010 tame varshe, yaasu 206 chhaatraah e. pi. pariksham dattavantah, teshu 85 pratishatam chhaatraah 3,4,5 ankaan praaptavantah. athletics. jinevaa samprati duken-sammelane, ileanois-hascool-association-madhye cha spardhate. vidyaalayasya varnaani neelavarnaani shvetavarnaani cha santi, tathaa cha dalaani wackings iti shaileekrutaani santi, upanamam yat 1942 tame varshe eva vaartaapatrakeshu prakaashitam aasit, tathaa cha 1944 tame varshe (1943-1944 vidyaalayavarshasya krute) jenevaa ityasya vaarshikapustake "gekohee" ityasmin prathamavaaram prayuktam aasit. gekohee" iti upadhi (jenevaa-samudaay-ucchavidyaalayaat vyutpannam) 1948 tame varshe "vaiking" iti punah namakaranam krutam. chhaatraah 1980 tame varshe eva vidyaalayam "gekohee" iti nirdishyant. jenevaa ityasya paaramparikah pratidwandwih batavia-ucchavidyaalayaha asti. batavia-ucchavidyaalayaha dakshinadishi samipasthasya batavia-nagare sthitah asti. 1913 taha 2014 paryantam batavia-ucchavidyaalayasya vaiking-janaah buldag-janaah cha football-kridaasthale 96 praavashyam sammukheekrutavantah. vartamaanam abhilekham 51-41-5 asti, yat jenevaa ityasya pakshm asti. batavia-jenevaa iti creedaa ileanois-rajyasya sarvochchavishaasu prachinatameshu football-spardhaasu anyatamah asti. jinevaa-baalikaah cross-contry-dalah 2008 tame varshe ihasaa-class-3e-rajya-chaampiyanship-kridaayaam vijayam praapnot. balakanam basketball-dalah 2015 tame varshe ihasaa-vargasya 4e madhye chaturthasthaane samaapyat. balika-basketball-dalah 2017 tame varshe ihasaa-varga-4e-rajya-upaadhim praapnot.

jeneeva samooga uyarnilaip palli jeneeva samooga uyarnilaip palli allathu ghcs enbathu americavin illinoisin sikakovin merkaththiya puranagarp paguthiyaana illinoisin jeneevaavil amainthulla oru podhu uyarnilaip palliyaagum. idhu jeneeva samooga alagu palli maavattam 304 inn oru paguthiyaagum. varalaaru. kalviyaalargalin varalaaru 1876 aam aandilirunthu thodangukirathu, appoathu muthal jeneeva uyarnilaip palli pattathaari vaguppil irandu maanavargal irunththanar. vaguppugal nadaipettra muthal kattidam tharpoothaiya tabal nilaiyaththin idaththil jeneevaavin nagara maavattaththil 22 therku moontraavathu theruvil amainthullathu. inthap palli 1923 aam aandil beiden theruvil puthithaaga kattapatta, pinnar athinaveena kattidaththirku maattrappattathu, angku adhu 1950 kalin pirpaguthi varai irunththathu. beiden theru vasathi jeneeva palli maavattaththin muthal kankaanippaalaraana haari coultrop peyaridappatta oru nadunilaip palliyaaga maattrappattathu. 1994 varai nadunilaip palliyum, 2009 varai oru thodakkap palliyum irunththa piragu, adhu 2013 ill idikkappattathu. tharpoothaiya Ghs kattidam 1958 ill thirakkappattathu mattrum 1970 kazhilum 2000 kalin murpaguthiyilum virivupaduththappattathu. kalviyaalargal. 2010 aam aandil, jeneeva saraasariyaaga 24.2 endra kalappu seyal mathippennaik kondirundhadhu, maelum adhan mooththa vaguppil 99 sathaveethaththirkum athigamaaga pattam pettrathu. jeneeva pulveli maanila saathanai thaervil poathumaana varudaanthira munnaettraththai adainthullathu, idhu kuzhandhai illai sattaththin maanila soathanai paguthiyaagum. koodudhalaaga, 2010 aam aandil, jeneevaavil 106 illinoys maanila arinyarkal irunththanar, idhu mooththa vaguppil 23 sathaveethamaagum. sathaveethamaagum aandil, 305 aepi thaervugalil therchchi pettra 206 maanavargalil, 85 sathaveetham paer 3,4 allathu 5 mathippenkalaip pettranar. thadagalaththil. jeneeva tharpoothu dugane maanaadu mattrum illinoys uyarnilaip palli sangaththil poattiyidugiraar. palli nirangkal neelam mattrum vellai niraththil ullana, maelum anigal wikings yena paaniyamaikkappattullana, idhu 1942 aam aandin murpaguthiyil seithiththaalgalil thoantriya oru punaippeyar, maelum 1944 aam aandil (1943-1944 palli aandukku) jeneevaavin varudaanthira puththagamaana "kegohi" ill muthanmuthalil payanpaduththappattathu. jagohi" (jeneeva samooga uyarnilaip palliyilirunthu perappattathu) endra thalaippu 1948 aam aandil "wiking" endru marupeyaridappattathu. maanavargal 1980 aam aandin pirpaguthiyil palliyai "jagohi" endru kurippittanar. jeneevaavin paarambariya poattiyaalar pattavia uyarnilaip palli. padavia uyarnilaip palli therkae andai nagaramaana padaaviyaavil amainthullathu. 1913 muthal 2014 varai, pattavia uyarnilaip palliyin wikings mattrum bultax kaalpandhu maithaanaththil 96 murai nerukku naer santhiththullana. tharpoothaiya pathivu 51-41-5, jeneevaavukku aatharavaaka ullathu. pattavia-jeneeva vilayaattu illinoys maanilaththil ulla muthal irupathu palamaiyaana kaalpandhu poattikalil ontraakum. 2008 aam aandil jeneeva penkal kurukku naadu anii ihsa vaguppu 3 aee maanila saambiyanshippai ventrathu. 2015 aam aandil ihsa vaguppu 4 aee ill siruvarkal koodaippandhu anii naankaavathu idaththaip pidiththathu. penkal koodaippandhu anii 2017 aam aandil ihsa vaguppu 4 aee maanila pattatthai ventrathu.

geniva community unnata paatasaala geniva community haiskool ledhaa ghcs anedi united statesloni chikago, illinais yokka paschima shivaaru praantamaina geniva, illinayislo unna oka prabhutva unnata paatasaala. idhi geniva community unit school district 304loe bhaagam. charitra. vidyaavettala charitra 1876 naatidi, modati geniva haiskool graduating taragatilo iddaru vidyaarthulu unnaaru. taragatulu jarigina modati bhavanam prastuta tapala karyalayam unna pradaesamloe geneva diguva pattana jillaalooni 22 dakshina moodava veedhiloo undhi. eee paatasaalanu 1923loe paitan veedhiloo kottagaa nirminchina, appati atyaadhunika bhavananiki marcharu, akkada adhi 1950la chivari varaku konasaagindi. paitan veedhi soukaryam geniva paatasaala jilla modati superintendent harry coultrop paeru meeda oka madhyamika paatasaalagaa maarchabadindi. 1994 varaku madhyamika paatasaala mariyu 2009 varaku praathamika paatasaalanu kaligi unna taruvaata, idhi 2013loe koolchiveyabadindi. prastuta ghcs bhavanam 1958loe praarambhinchabadindi mariyu 1970luu mariyu 2000la praarambhamlo vistarinchabadindi. vidyaavaettalu. 2010loe, geniva sagatu mishrama act skoru 24.2 kaligi undhi, mariyu daani senior taragatilo 99 saataaniki paiga pattabhadruraalaindi. praeri state achievement examinationlo geniva tagina vaarshika purogati saadhinchindi, idhi noo chiled left behind actlo rashtra pareekshalo bhaagam. adanamgaa, 2010loe, geneevaalo 106 mandhi illinais rashtra panditulu unnaaru, veeru senior taragatilo 23 saatam mandhi unnaaru. 2010loe jarigina 307 pareekshallo 85 saatam mandhi vidyaarthulu 3,4 ledhaa 5 maarkulu saadhinchaaru. athletics. geniva prastutam ducane conferences mariyu illinais haiskool associationlo pootii chestundi. paatasaala rangulu neelam mariyu telupu rangulo untaayi, mariyu jatlu wikingluga saileekarinchabaddaayi, idhi 1942 lone vaartaapatrikalalo kanipinchina maaruperu, mariyu 1944 loe (1943-1944 paatasaala samvatsaram kosam) geniva yokka vaarshika pustakam "gekohi" loe modatisaari upayoginchabadindi. gekohi" anae sheershika (geniva community haiskool nundi udbhavinchindi), 1948loe "wiking" gaa paeru maarchabadindi. vidyaarthulu 1980 natiki eee paatasaalanu "gekohi" gaa paerkonnaaru. geniva yokka saampradaaya pratyarthi batavia unnata paatasaala. batavia unnata paatasaala dakshinaana poruguna unna pattanamaina batavialo undhi. 1913 nundi 2014 varaku, batavia unnata paatasaalalooni wikings mariyu bulldaglu football maidaanamlo 96 saarlu talapaddaayi. prastuta rikaardu 51-41-5, geneevaaku anukuulamgaa undhi. ileanois raashtramlo modati iravai puraatana football pratyarthulalo batavia-geniva aata okati. geniva baalikala cross country jattu 2008loe ihsa class 3eah rashtra champiyanshipnu geluchukundi. 2015loe baalura basketball jattu ihsa class 4elo naalugo sthaanamlo nilichindi. baalikala basketball jattu 2017loe ihsa class 4eah rashtra titlenu geluchukundi.

geneva community hayee school geneva community hayee school yaa jee aich aiss riyasathaye muthadah mein shikago aleenwaye kay maghrabi mazafati elaqay geniva aleenwaye mein waaqa eek publik hayee school hay. yaha geneva community yount school distrikt 304 kaa hasah hay. tareekh. mahireen taleem kii tareekh 1876 kii hay jabb geneva hayee school kii pehli graduate klaas duu talbaa parr mushtamil thee. pehli emarat jiss mein classen munaqid kii gayein wah maujudah post aafs kii jagah parr geneva kay shehar kay markaz mein 22 saoth thard strait parr waaqa thee. school kuu 1923 mein peetan strait parr eek nayee tameer shadah iss waqat kii jadeed tareen emarat mein muntaqil kirr diyaa gayaa jehaan yaha 1950 kii dahayi kay aakhir takk rehaa. peetan strait kii sahulat kuu eek muddle school mein tabdil kirr diyaa gayaa thaa jiss kaa naam geneva school distrikt kay pehley sprintendent hairi coultrap kay naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. 1994 takk muddle school aur 2009 takk eek elementary school rakhnay kay baad asay 2013 mein manhadam kirr diyaa gayaa. maujudah jee aich aiss emarat 1958 mein kholi gayee thee aur 1970 aur 2000 kii dahayi kay awail mein iss kii tausia kii gayee thee. mahireen taleem. 2010 mein geneva kaa ausat jaamaa aikat score 24.2 thaa aur iss nay apnee seniyar klaas kay 99 faisad say ziyadah graduate kiyaa. geneva nay pareri steat achument imtehan mein kaafi salanah paish raft kii hay juu noow child lapped bend aikat kaa eek riyasati test hasah hay. iss kay alawah 2010 mein geneva mein 106 aleenwaye riyasati scholars thay juu seniyar klaas kaa 23 faisad thay. 2010 mein aey pee kay liye 302 test deenay waalay 206 talbaa mein say 85 faisad nay 3yee 4yee yaa 5 kay score haasil kiye. athletics. geneva phee alhaal dokanay conference aur aleenwaye hayee school aisosi aishan mein muqabilah karti hay. school kay rung neelay aur safed hotay haine aur teamon kuu waikings kay toor parr stylize kiyaa jaataa hay eek arfiyat juu 1942 kay awail mein akhbaraat mein shaye hawaa thaa aur pehli baar 1944 mein (1943-1944 taleemi saal kay liye) geneva kii salanah kitaab "gikohi" mein istemaal hawaa thaa. anwaan "gikohi" (geneva community hayee school say makhuz)yee kaa naam 1948 mein "waiking" rakh diyaa gayaa. talbaa nay 1980 kay aakhir mein school kuu "gikohi" kahaa. geneva kaa rawayati hareef batavia hayee school hay. batavia hayee school janub mein padosi shehar batavia mein waaqa hay. 1913 say 2014 takk batavia hayee school kay waikings aur buildogs kaa fitt baal kay medaan mein 96 baar saamna hawaa hay. maujudah record 51-41-5 hay juu geneva kii himayat kartaa hay. batavia-geneva kheel riyasat aleenwaye mein fitt baal kii sabb say qadeem bees hareefiyon mein say eek hay. geneva garlaz karaas kantri team nay 2008 mein aihsa klaas 3 aey steat champine ship jeeti. ladkon kii basket baal team 2015 mein aihsa klaas 4 aey mein choothay number parr rahee. ladkiyon kii basket baal team nay 2017 mein aihsa klaas 4 aey steat tytle jeeta.

fffcc87c0258c3e61555c316655a6fc397cbdf5a30576c1035e7529d13ee9454

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5883551

List of SSSIs in Greater London

List of SSSIs in Greater London

brihotor londonor ess. ess. ess. chi. ess.-ror talika

grettar landanile ezz. ezz. ezz. sisinte pattika

grater londonmadhil ess. ess. ess. ess. chee yadee

greater landanare ess. ess. ess. ess. rahr talika

greater london witch aiss. aiss. aiss. dee suchi

greater-landan-nagare ess. ess. ess. ess. ess. ityasya soocheeh asti.

crater landanil ulla ess. ess. ess. ess pattiyal

fffcc99fd60c9539cd5c91794cb77c17cc37dd9f374de8e160a9ceb4de923309

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60535978

SLC34A2

SLC34A2

ess. el. chi. 34e2

esha. ell. shee. 34ayee2

ess. ell. see. 34aii2

ess. ell. sii. 34aii2

aiss. aill. see. 34aii2

ess. ell. sii. 34e2

fffcca44243f0f79e3cd2c05560edd73c3233a87738fe8125ae89015d7883fa3

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=70624317

Leo Schachter

Leo Schachter Israeli diamantaire (1924–2021) Yitzhak Arie (Leo) Schachter (19 March 1924- 11 May 2019) was a prominent Israeli diamantaire and the founder and owner of Leo Schachter Diamonds. Schachter was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1924. A second generation dimantaire, Schachter started his diamond polishing business at the age of 18. He was inspired by his father Max who learnt the art of diamond cutting in Belgium. Business. In 1952, Schachter founded the company Beck and Schachter. Over time, Schachter's company engaged in multiple stages of diamond supply, from diamond manufacturing to jewelry setting. Fourteen years later in 1966, Schachter achieved his first diamond sight from De Beers. For four decades, Leo Schachter Diamonds was the top Israeli diamond exporter. Gradually the company became a diamond empire. By 1970s Schachter became the biggest diamond manufacturer in New York city. In 1981, Schachter formed partnership with Avraham and Moshe Namdar. Schachter & Namdar got its De Beers first sight and grew to becomeone of the largest diamond companies in the world. By 1982, Schachter moved his sales and operations to Tel Aviv. In 1984, the company started cutting operations in Botswana. He was appreciated for employing hundreds of Israelis and his positive contribution to the economy of Israel. In 1999, Schachter pioneered the business of branded diamonds introducing their flagship diamond labelled 'The Leo'. Schachter patented his diamond cuts and unique brilliance. In the year 2000, Schachter joined the World Diamond Council and actively took on the World Diamond Congress initiative to source conflict free diamonds through the Kimberley process. The Schachter and Namdar partnership ended in 2005. In 2007, Schachter entered into a partnership with an Indian company, Kama jewels to produce finished jewelry through its Indian venture Kama Schachter. Schachter with his humble beginnings created the world's largest diamond company that employs 1000 employees across the world in Israel, New York, Botswana, India and Japan. In the business generally known for larger-than-life characters, Schachter generally kept away from the spotlight and stayed under the radar. Personal life. Born in 1924, Schachter was involved with his father in his diamond business some of which he had learned during his stay in Antwerp. Schachter was married to Shirley and had five daughters, and at one point all five of his sons-in-law were involved in Schachter's business. Two of them Tannenbaum and David Greenberg continued while Eric Austein, who long headed the New York City office, retired few years ago. Schachter was an avid supporter of Zionist and Jewish charitable initiatives. After 6 long decades in diamond industry, Schachter retired from business in 2009. At the time of his death, Schachter was survived by his wife, daughters and dozens of grand children and great-grandchildren. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

liu scasser yitjak eri (liu) swastar (19 march 1924-11 mey '2019) ejon bixisto ijoraili hiraa bikreta aaru liu swastar hirar protisthapok aaru maalik aasil. 1924 sonot neworkor brooklinot swesataror jonmo hoisil. dwitiyo projonmor dimentair swesatare 18 bosor boyoxot teur hiraa paliswing byoboxai aarombho korisil. teu beljiyamot hiraa kotaa kolaa xika pitri maxor poraa onupranito hoisil. byoboxai. 1952 sonot, swastare bek endo swastar company protistha korisil. xomoyor loge loge, scasteror companye hiraa utpadonor poraa gohonar porixoroloike hiraa juganor ekadhik porzayot niyujit hoi aasil. souddo bosoror pisot 1966 sonot, swastare di biyaror poraa teur prothom hiraa dristi laabh korisil. chaari doxok dhori, liu scasser hiraa ijorailor xirxo hiraa roptanikari aasil. laahe laahe companytu hiraa xamrajyo hoi porisil. 1970 sonor bhitorot swastar nework sohoror ataitkoi dangor hiraa nirmata hoi porisil. 1981 sonot, swastare aworaham aaru muse naamdaror xoite ongxidaritwo gothon korisil. swastar aaru naamdare iyar di biyar prothom dristi laabh korisil aaru biswor xorbobrihot hiraa companyxomuhor bhitorot ekhon hoi porisil. 1982 sonor bhitorot, swastare teur bikri aaru karjyokolap tail ebhibhiloi sthanantor korisil. 1984 sonot companytuwe botosowanat kaam-kaaj bondho koriboloi aarombho korisil. teu xo xo ijoraili lukok nijukti diyar baabe aaru ijorailor orthonitit teur itibasok obodanor baabe proxongxa koraa hoisil. 1999 sonot, swastare brended hirar byowoxayor poth prodorxon kori teulukor flagxip hiraa 'dyo liu' label proborton korisil. swastare teur hiraa kotaa aaru ononyo ujjwolotar patent korisil. 2000 sonot, swastare biswo hiraa porixodot jugdan korisil aaru kimberoli prokriyar joriyote xonghat mukto hirar utxo hisape biswo hiraa congressor podokhyep xokriyobhabe grohon korisil. 2005 sonot swaschar aaru naamdaror ongxidaritwo xomapto hoisil. 2007 sonot, swasare iyar bharotiyo udyug kaama swasaror joriyote xomapto gohona utpadon koriboloi etaa bharotiyo company, kaama juwelsor xoite ongxidaritwot prowex korisil. swastare teur nomro aarombhonire biswor xorbobrihot hiraa company sristi korisil jiye ijorail, nework, botchowana, bharot aaru japanot biswojuri 1000 kormosarik niyug korisil. xadharonote jiwonotkoi dangor soritror baabe jonajat byowoxayot, scaserok xadharonote spotlightor poraa aatorai rokha hoy aaru radaror odhinot rokha hoy. byoktigoto jiwan. 1924 sonot jonmogrohon koraa swastar teur deutakor xoite teur hirar byowoxayot jorito aasil, jaar kisuman teu antwerpot thokar xomoyot xikichil. swaschare swirolir xoite bibahpaxot aabodho hoisil aaru teur pasjon konya aasil, aaru etaa xomoyot teur pasjon putro-debota swasaror byowoxayot jorito aasil. teulukor dujon tenonbaum aaru david greenberge obyahot rakhisil, aanhate dirghodin dhori nework sohoror karzaloyor netritwo diya erik oh 'steine keibosorman aagote owoxor grohon korisil. swastar jiyo 'nisto aaru ihudi datobyo podokhyepor ejon aagrohi xomorthok aasil. hiraa udyugot 6 doxok dhori thokar pisot, 2009 sonot swasare byowoxayor poraa owoxor grohon korisil. teur mrityur xomoyot, swasare teur potni, konya aaru dozon dozon naati-naatoni aaru naati-naatonir xoite jiyai aasil.

leo scatcher iyitzak arrie (leo) shatchter (19 march 1924-11 meey 2019) ekjon bishishto israeli diamantire ebong leo shatchter hirar protisthata oo malik chhilen. 1924 saale newyorker brookline jonmogrohon corren scatcher. dwitiya projonmer dimantire, scatcher 18 bochor boyse taanr heera pullishing byabosa shuru corren. tini taanr baba maxer dwara anupranito hoyechilen jini belgiume heera cutter shilp shikhechilen. byabosa. 1952 saale, scatcher beke ebong scatcher companity protistha corren. somoyer saathe saathe, scatchter sangostha heera utpadon theke gohona setting porjonto heera sorboraher ekadhik porjaye nijukto chhilo. chaudda bochor porr 1966 saale, shatchter dii bear theke taanr prothom heera drishti orjon corren. chaar doshok dhorey, leo scatcher heera chhilo israeler sheersho heera roptanikarok. dheere dheere companity ekti heera samrajye porinoto hoy. 1970-err doshke scatcher neu eork shohorer brihottomo heera prostutkarok hoye othe. 1981 saale, shatchter abraham ebong moshe namdar saathe angshidaritto gathon corren. shatchter oo namdar prothom dorshone bear peyechilo ebong bishwer brihottomo heera sangosthagulir modhye ekti hoye othe. 1982 saaler modhye, shatchter taar bikroy ebong karjokrom teela avive sthanantorito corren. 1984 saale, companity batsoana kaaj shuru korey. shoto shoto israeli nagrikke niyog ebong israeler orthonitite taanr itibachak abodaner jonno tini proshongshito hohn. 1999 saale, scatcher branded hirar byabosar pothprodorshok hoye taader flagship hirar naam 'dya leo' chaalu corren. scatcher taanr hirar kaata ebong ananya ujjolotar patent korechilen. 2000 saale, shatchter bishwa heera porishode jog deena ebong kimberly prokriyar madhyome dwandwa mukto hirar utso hisabe bishwa heera congresser uddog sokriyobhabe grohon corren. 2005 saale scatcher ebong namdar angshidaritto shesh hoy. 2007 saale, scatcher ekti bharatiya sangostha, kaama jewelser saathe angshidaritte probesh korey taar bharatiya uddog kaama scatcher madhyome somapto gohona utpadoner jonno. taanr nomro shuru diye shatchter bishwer brihottomo heera sangostha toiri korechilen jaa israel, neu eork, batsoana, bharat ebong japane vishwajude 1000 karmachari niyog korey. sadharonoto jeeboner cheye borh choritrer jonno porichito byabosai, scatcher sadharonoto spotlight theke doore thaake ebong rudder adhine thaake. byaktigato jeebon. 1924 saale jonmogrohonkari shatchter taanr babar sange taanr hirar byabosai jorito chhilen, jaar modhye kichhu tini antwerpe thucker somoy shikhechilen. shatchter shirlike biye korechilen ebong taanr panch konna chhilo ebong eka porjaye taanr panch jamai shatchter byabosar saathe jorito chhilen. taader modhye duijon tanenbaum ebong david greenberg abyahoto chhilen, jokhon erik ostein, jini dirghadin dhorey neu eork shohorer officer prodhan chhilen, koyek bochor agey abosar niyechilen. shatchter chhilen jayanbadi ebong ihudi datobbo uddoger ekjon agrahi somorthok. heera shilpe 6 doshok deergho thucker porr, 2009 saale shechara byabosa theke abosar nene. mrityur somoy, shacher stree, konna ebong koyek dozon naati-natni ebong naati-natni chhilo.

leeo scatcher yitzak aeree (liyo) scatcher (19 march 1924-11 meey 2019) aek agranee israeli hiiraa vepaari aneey liyo scatcher hiraanaa sthaapak aneey maaleek hataa. shatcherno janm 1924maan brooklin, newyorkma thayo hato. beejee pedhhinaa diamentire, shecharae 18 varshnee ummare potaano hiiraa chamkavvano vyavsaay sharoo karyo hato. teo temnaa pitaa maxthee prereet hataa jemane belgium hiiraa kaapvani kalaa sheekhi hatee. vepaar. 1952maan, shatchterae kampani beeka anned shatcherni sthaapnaa curry. samay jataa, scatcherni kampani hiraanaa utpadanthi laeene daginana setting sudhinaa hiraanaa purvathaanaa bahuveedh tabakkama rokaayelee hatee. chaud varsh pachhi 1966maan, shatchterae dii beeyarmathi tenee pratham hiraanee drashti praapt curry. chaar daaykaa sudhee, liyo scatcher hiiraa israelnaa tochnaa hiraanaa nikaskar hataa. dheeme dheeme kampani hiraanu saamrajya bunny gayoo. 1970naa daaykaa sudhimaa scatcher nyu york shaherma sauthee motoo hiraanu utpaadak banyu hatoo. 1981maan, skaachtare abraham aneey moshe naamdaar saathe bhagidari curry hatee. shatcher aneey naamdaarne tenee pratham drashti malee aneey teey vishwani sauthee motee hiiraa companyomani aek bunny gaee. 1982 sudhimaa, scatcher temnaa vechaan aneey kaamgeereene teela aeveevmaa khasedi deedhaa. 1984maan, kampaniae botswanama kaamgirima kaap mukvaanu sharoo karyoo. senkado israelione rojgaari aapvaa aneey israelnaa arthtantramaa temnaa sakaratmak yogdaan maate temnee prashansa karvaamaa aavee hatee. 1999maan, scatcheray branded hiraanaa vyavsayma pahel curry hatee, jemaa 'dhaa liyo' lebalwala temnaa mukhya hiraanee rajuaat karvaamaa aavee hatee. scatcheray tenaa hiraanaa kaap aneey ananya pratibhani pattent karaavi hatee. varsh 2000maan, scatcher vishva hiiraa parishadma jodaya aneey kimberly prakriyaa dwara sangharsh mukt hiraanaa strot maate vishva hiiraa congressnee pahelne sakreey reete haath dharee. scutcher aneey naamdaar bhagidari 2005maan samaapt thaee. 2007maan, skacharae tenaa bhaartiy saahas kaama scutcher dwara taiyar daginanu utpaadan karvaa maate bhaartiy kampani, kaamaa zaverat saathe bhagidarima pravesh karyo. shatchterae potaani vinamra sharuaat saathe vishwani sauthee motee hiiraa kampani banaavi jeey israel, newyork, botswana, bhaarat aneey japanma vishvbharma 1000 karmcharione rojgaari aape chhe. saamanya reete jeevan karataa motaa paatro maate jaanita vyavsayma, scatcher saamanya reete spotlite door rahe chhe aneey radaar hethal rahe chhe. angat jeevan. 1924maan janmela shatcher temnaa pitaa saathe temnaa hiraanaa vyavsayma sankalaayela hataa, jemathi ketlaak temane entwerpma temnaa rokaan darmiyan sheekhya hataa. shecharnaa lagna sherley saathe thayaa hataa aneey temne paanch dikareeo hatee, aneey aek samaye temnaa paanch pann jamaaio shecharnaa vyavsayma saamel hataa. temathi beey tanenbaum aneey david greenberg chaalu rahyaa jyaare erick ostein, jeey laambaa samaythi newyork ciity officenu netrutva kartaa hataa, thodaa varsho pahelaa nivrutt thayaa hataa. shatcher xionist aneey yahudi sakhaavati pahelonaa utsuk samarthak hataa. hiiraa udhogma 6 laambaa daaykaao pachhi, shatcher 2009 maan vyavsaymathi nivrutt thayaa. temnaa mrutyu samaye, shatcher temnee patnee, putreeo aneey dozneck pautro aneey prapautro saathe bachee gayaa hataa.

leo sketcher yitzak arrie (leo) sketcher (19 march 1924-11 maee 2019) ack pramukh israeli heera vyaapaari aur leo sketcher heere key sansthaapak aur malik they. shatcher kaa janm 1924 mein brooklin, newyork mein huaa thaa. doosari peedhi key diamentair, shatcher ney 18 saal kii umr mein apana heera pollishing vyavasaay shuru kiya. vaha apane pitaa max seey prerit they jinhone belgium mein heera kaatane kii kalaa seekhi thee. vyavasaay. 1952 mein, shatcher ney company kii sthaapana kii. samay key saath, scatcher kii company heere key nirmaan seey laker gahane kii setting taka heere kii aapoorti key kaee charanon mein luggy hui haye. chaudah saal baad 1966 mein, shatcher ney bear seey apana pahala heera drishti praapt kiya. chaar dashakon taka, leo sketcher heere israel key sheersh heera niryaatak they. dheere-dheere company ack heere kaa samrajya bunn gaee. 1970 key dashak taka shanchar newyork shahar mein sabse badaa heera nirmaata bunn gayaa. 1981 mein, shachar ney abraham aur moshe namdar key saath saajhedaari kii. shachar aur namdar koo pahali najar mein bear mill gaee aur way duniya kii sabse badee heera companiyon mein seey ack bunn gaye. 1982 taka, shatcher ney apani bikri aur sanchaalan koo tail avive mein sthanantarit curr diyaa. 1984 mein, company ney botswana mein parichaalan mein katauti shuru kii. saikadon israeliyon koo rojgar dene aur israel kii arthavyavastha mein unake sakaratmak yogdan key liye unaki sarahana kii gaee. 1999 mein, shatcher ney branded heere key vyavasaay kaa beedaa uthaaya aur apane pramukh heere koo 'dha leo' label seey pesh kiya. shatcher ney apane heere key cutt aur advitiya pratibha kaa patent karaaya. varsh 2000 mein, shatcher vishva heera parishad mein shamil hoe gaye aur kimberley prakriya key madhyam seey sangharsh mukt heere key srot key liye vishva heera congress kii pahal koo sakriya roop seey liya. scutcher aur namdar saajhedaari 2005 mein samaapt hui. 2007 mein, scutcher ney apane bhaaratiya udyam kaama scutcher key madhyam seey taiyar gahane kaa utpaadan karane key liye ack bhaaratiya company, kaama jewellers key saath saajhedaari mein pravesh kiya. apani vinamra shuruat key saath shatcher ney duniya kii sabse badee heera company banaai joe israel, newyork, botswana, bhaarat aur japan mein duniya bhar mein 1000 karmchaariyon koo rojgar detee haye. aam taur parr jeevan seey badey paatron key liye jaane jaane vaale vyavasaay mein, shatcher koo aam taur parr surkhiyon seey door rakhaa jaataa haye aur radar key tahat rahata haye. vyaktigat jeevan. 1924 mein janme, shatcher apane pitaa key saath apane heere key vyavasaay mein shamil they, jinamen seey kuchh unhone entwerp mein rahane key dauran seekha thaa. shatcher kii shaadi sherley seey hui thee aur unaki paanch betiyaan theen, aur ack samay parr unake sabhi paanch damad shatcher key vyavasaay mein shamil they. unamen seey dou tannenbaum aur david greenberg jaari rahey, jabaki erich austen, joe lambe samay seey newyork shahar key karyalaya kaa netritva curr rahey they, kuchh saal pahale sevaanivritt hue they. shatcher zionist aur yahudi dharmarth pahalon key ack utsuk samarthak they. heera udyog mein 6 dashakon key lambe samay key baad, shatcher 2009 mein vyavasaay seey sevaanivritt hoe gaye. unaki mrityu key samay, shatcher key parivaar mein unaki patni, betiyaan aur darjanon potey-potiyaan theen.

leo scatchter yitzac aari (leo) scatchter (19 march 1924-11 mayee 2019) obba pramukha isreli vajra vyapari mattu leo scatchter vajragala samsthaapaka mattu maalikaraagiddaru. jeevana newyorkna brooklinnalli janisida scatchter, eradane talemaarina demantire, 18neey vayassinalli tanna vajra holapu needuva vevahaaravannu praarambhisidanu. belgiumnalli vajra kattarisuva kaleyannu kalita tanna tande myaaksninda avanu sphurti padedanu. vyapara. vyapara, scatchter avaru beck mattu scatchter kampaniyannu sthaapisidaru. kaalaanantaradalli, scatchtern kampaniyu vajrada utpaadaneyinda hididu aabharanagala settingnavarege vajra puraikeya aneka hantagalalli todagisikondide. hadinaalku varshagala nantara nantara, shatchter biyarninda tanna modala vajrada notavannu saadhisidanu. naalku dasakagala kaala, leo scatchter vajragalu isrelna agra vajra raftudaararaagiddavu. kramena ee kampaniyu vajra saamraajyavaayitu. 1970rahra dashakada velege scatchter newyork nagarada atidodda vajra tayaarakavaayitu. tayaarakavaayitu, scutchter avaru abraham mattu moshe namdar avarondige paaludaarikeyannu sthaapisidaru. scutchter mattu namdar tanna bear annu modala notadalle padedukonditu mattu vishvada atidodda vajra kampanigalalli ondaagi beleyitu. 1982rahra hottige, scatchter tanna marata mattu karyacharanegalannu tell evivge sthalaantarisidanu. sthalaantarisidanu, kampaniyu botswanadalli karyacharaneyannu kaditagolisalu praarambhisitu. nooraru isreligalannu nemisikondiddakkagi mattu isrelna aarthikatege needida sakaaraatmaka kodugegaagi aata mechchuge padedaru. padedaru, scatchter avaru tamma pramukha vajravannu 'leo' endu hesarisuva brand vajragala vevahaaravannu praarambhisidaru. scatchter tanna vajrada kattarisida mattu vishishta pratibheyannu paytent maadikondanu. 2000neey isaviyalli, scatchter vishwa vajra mandalige seridaru mattu kimberly prakriyeya moolaka sangharsha mukta vajragalannu padeyalu vishwa vajra congress upakramavannu sakriyavagi kaigondaru. scutchter mattu namdar paaludaarikeyu paaludaarikeyu konegonditu. konegonditu, scutchter tanna bhaaratiya udyamavaada kaama scutchter moolaka tayaarisida aabharanagalannu utpaadisalu bhaaratiya kampani, kaama aabharanagalondige paaludaarikeyannu maadikonditu. scatchter tanna vinamra aarambhadondige vishvada atidodda vajra kampaniyannu rachisidanu, adhu isrel, newyork, botswana, bhaarata mattu japannalli vishvadaadyanta 1000 udyogigalannu nemisikondide. samanyavagi jivanakkinta dodda patragalige hesaruvasiyada vevahaaradalli, scatchter annu samanyavagi spotlightninda dooravirisalaaguttade mattu radar adiyalli uliyuttade. vaiyaktika jeevana. jeevana janisida scatchter, tamma tandeyondige tamma vajrada vevahaaradalli todagisikondiddaru, adaralli kelavannu avaru aant verpnalli tangiddaaga kalitaru. scatchter avaru shirley avarannu vivaahavaadaru mattu avarige aidu putriyariddaru, mattu ondu hantadalli avara ellah aidu aliyaroo scatchern vevahaaradalli todagisikondiddaru. avaralli ibbaru tanenbaum mattu david greenberg newyork nagarada kacheria deerghakaalada mukhyastharaagidda erich austein kelavu varshagala hinde nivruttaraadaaga munduvarisidaru. scatchter jheonist mattu yahoodigala datti upakramagala atyaasaktiya bembaligaraagiddaru. vajra udyamadalli 6 dasakagala sudirgha avadhiya nantara, nantara scatchter vyavahaaradinda nivruttaraadaru. avara maranada samayadalli, scatcher avara patni, putriyaru mattu dajangattale mommakkalu mattu marimommakkalu badukulidaru.

lioo shatcher oru pramukha israeli vajravyapari, lioo scatcher vajrangalude sthaapakanum udamayumaayirunnu yitshaakk aarii (lioo) shatcher (19 march 1924-11 meyy 2019). 1924ll newyorkkile brooklinil janicha shatcher randaam thalamurayile dimantairaaya shatcher 18-aamm vayassil thante diamond polishing bisinesses aarambhichu. beljiyathil diamond cutting kala padicha pithaav maxil ninnu addeham prachodanam ulkkondirunnu. bisinus. 1952ll shatcher beck aandu shatcher kambani sthaapichu. kaalakramena, shachtarinte kambani vajra nirmmaanam muthal aabharanangalude krameekaranam vare vajra vitharanathinte onniladhikam ghattangalil earppettu. pathinaalu varshathinusesham 1966-ll shachar bearil ninnaan thante aadya vajradarshanam nediyathu. naalu pathittaandukalaayi lioo shatcher vajrangal israeli vajrangalude ettavum valia kayattumathikkaraayirunnu. kramena kambani oru vajra saamraajyamaayi maari. 1970kalode newyork nagaratthile ettavum valia vajra nirmmathaavaayi shactor maari. 1981ll shachar avrahamumaayum moshe namdaarumaayum pankaalittham roopeekarichu. shachar & namdaarinu bear aadyamaayi labikkukayum lokathile ettavum valia vajra kambanikalilonnaayi maarukayum cheythu. 1982 aayappozhekkum shatcher thante vilppana pravartthanangalum tell eavivilekku maatti. 1984ll kambani botswanayile pravartthanangal vettikkuraykkaan thudangi. noorukanakkinu israayelikale niyamikkunnathinum israayelinte sambadvyavasthaykku addeham nalkia gunaparamaaya sambhavanakalkkum addeham prashamsikkapettu. 1999-ll, shatcher branded vajrangalude bisinasinu thudakkamittu, avarude munnira vajramaaya 'lioo' avatharippichu. shachar thante vajra murivukalkkum athulyamaaya thilakkathinum pettant nedi. 2000-ll shatcher loka vajra kaunsilil cherukayum kimberly prakriyayiloode samgharsharahitha vajrangal uravidamakkunnathinulla loka vajra kongras samrambham sajeevamaayi ettedukkukayum cheythu. 2005ll scatcher, namdar pankaalittham avasaanichu. 2007ll scatcher athinte indian samrambhamaya kaama scatcheriloode poortthiyaaya aabharanangal nirmmikkunnathinayi kaama jewallezhs enna indian kambaniyumaayi pankaalitthatthil earppettu. israel, newyork, botswana, india, jappan ennividangalil lokamembaadumulla 1000 jeevanakkaare niyamikkunna lokathile ettavum valia vajra kambani shatcher thante eliya thudakkathode srishtichu. saadhaaranayaayi jeevithathekkaal valia kathaapaathrangalkk peruketta bisinessil, scatcher saadhaaranayaayi shradhaakendrangalil ninnu akannunilkkukayum radaarin keezhil thudarukayum cheythu. vyakthiparamaaya jeevitam. 1924ll janicha shatcher pithavinoppam vajra bisinessil earppettirunnu, athil chilath addeham aantverppil thaamasikkumbol padichirunnu. shirley vivaham kazhicha shatcherinu anchu penmakkalundaayirunnu, oru ghattathil addehathinte anchu marumakkalum shaacharinte bisinessil earppettirunnu. avaril randuper tanenbom, david greenberg ennivar thudarnnu, newyork sitti offeesinu deerghakaalamaayi neethrthwam nalkiyirunna eric oostteyn kurachu varshangalkk munbu viramichu. seonistukaludeyum jootharudeyum jeevakaarunya samrambhangalude theevra pinthunakkaaranaayirunnu shatcher. vajra vyavasaayathil 6 pathittaandukal neenduninna sesham, 2009-ll shatcher bisinessil ninnu viramichu. maranasamayathu, shatcherinu bharya penmakkalum dussen kanakkinu perakkuttikalum perakkuttikalum undaayirunnu.

lio shatcher yitzak erii (lio) shatcher (19 march 1924-11 meey 2019) heey eka pramukh israyali hire vyapari aanee lio shatcher company sansthapak aanee malak hote. 1924 madhye newyorkmadheel brooklin yethe shatchercha janm jhaala. jhaala pidhitil diamentair, shatcherne vayachya 18 vya varshi hira polyeshingcha vyavasay suru keela. too tyachya vadil max yanchyakadun prerit hota, jyanni belgiummadhye hira kapanyachi qalaa shikali. vyavasay. 1952 madhye, shactorne 'beeck andd shactor' yaa companychi sthapana kelee. kalantarane, scatcherchi company tyanchya purvathyachya anek tappyanmadhye guntaleli hotee, tyanchya utpadanapasun daginyanchya mandaniparyant. chauda varshannantar 1966 madhye, shatcherne dii biarmadhun tyache pahile mothee drushti prapt kelee. chaar dashake, lio shatcher hire heey israyali company sarvoch niryatdar hote. haloohaloo company company samrajya bunley. 1970 chya dashkaparyant shactor newyork shaharatil sarvat motha hira utpadak banala. 1981 madhye, shatcherne abraham aanee moshe namdar yanchyashi bhagidari kelee. shatcher aanee namdar yanna pahilya najretach bear midali aanee tyaa jagatil sarvat mothya tyanchya kampanyanpaiki eka banalya. 1982 paryant, shatcherne tyachi vikri aanee vyavhar tail avvmadhye halavale. 1984 madhye companyne botsavanamadhil kamkajat kapat karnyas suruvat kelee. shekado israyali lokanna rojgar dilyabaddal aanee israyalachya arthvyavasthet tyanni dilelya sakaratmak yogdanabaddal tyanche kautuk jhaale. 1999 madhye, shatcherne 'daad lio' asey label asalele tyanche pramukh hire sadar karoon branded tyanchya vyavasayacha pudhakar ghetala. shatcherne tyachya tyanchya kapaniche aanee adviteey tejasviteche paytant ghetale. 2000 saalee, shatcher jaagtik hira parishadet sameel jhaale aanee kimberley prakriyedvare sangharshamukt sangharshamukt srot banavanyasathi jaagtik hira congresscha pudhakar sakriyapane ghetala. 2005 madhye shactor aanee namdar bhagidari sampushtat aalee. 2007 madhye, shactorne aaplya bharatiy upkram kaam shactordware tayar daginyanche utpadan karnyasathi kaam jewels yaa bharatiy companyshi bhagidari kelee. shatcherne tyachya vinamra suruvatine jagatil sarvat mothee mothee company tayar kelee jee israyal, newyork, botswana, bharat aanee japanmadhye jagbharatil 1000 1000 rojgar dete. samanyatah jivanapeksha mothya patransathi olakhalya olakhalya vyavasayat, shatcher samanyatah prakashzotapasun door rahila aanee radarkhali rahila. vaiyaktik jeevan. 1924 madhye janmalele shatcher heey tyanchya vadilansobat tyanchya tyanchya vyavasayat guntalele hote, jyapaiki kahee teey antwerpmadheel tyanchya vastavyadarmyan shikale hote. shactorche lagn sharlishi jhaale hote aanee tyanna paach mulee hotya aanee ekekali tyanche pachahi javai shactorchya vyavasayat guntalele hote. tyapaiki done tannenbaum aanee david greenberg chaloo rahile tarr newyork shahar karyalayache dirghkal pramukh asalele erich austen kahee varshanpurvi nivrutt jhaale. shactor heey zionist aanee jyoo dharmaday upkramanche utsahi samarthak hote. hire udhyogat 6 dashakannantar, 2009 madhye shechar vyavasayatun nivrutt jhaale. tyanchya mrutyuchya velee, shechar yanchya pashchat tyanchi patni, mulee aanee dazanbhar natwande aanee panjoba assa parivar hota.

leo schactor yitzak eri (leo) schactor (19 march 1924-11 maee 2019) ek pramukh israeli hira wyapari rar leo schactor hiraka sansthapak rar malik thie. schactorko janma brooklin, newyorkma sann 1924 maa bhaeko thiyo. dosro pustaka dimantaire, schactorle 18 warshako umerma afno hira palising wyawasaya suru gare. uni afno buba mcsbatt prerit thie jasle belgiumma hira katne kala sikeka thie. wyapar. sann 1952 maa, schacterle bek anned schactor companyko sthapana gare. samaya bitdai jaanda, schactorko company hira utpadandekhi gahana settingsomma hira apurtiko dherai charanharuma sanlagna thiyo. chaudha warshapachhi sann 1966 maa, schactorle dii bearbata afno pahilo hira drishti prapta gare. chaar dashaksamma leo schacher hira ijarayalko shirsha hira niryatak thiyo. bistarai company hirako samrajya banyo. sann 1970 ko dashakma schactor newyork saharko sabaibhanda thulo hira nirmata banyo. sann 1981 maa, schacharle abraham rar moshe namdarsanga sajhedari gare. schachar rar namadarle pahilo najarma bear pae rar wishwako sabaibhanda thulo hira companyharu madhye ek banyo. sann 1982 sammama, schactorle afno bikri rar sanchalanlai tail ebhibhma sario. sann 1984 maa companyle botsawanama sanchalan katauti garna thalyo. sayaun ijarayaliharulai rojgari dieko rar ijarayalko arthatantrama unko sakaratmak yogdanka lagi unko prashansa garieko thiyo. sann 1999 maa, schacterle branded hirako wyawasayako agragami bane rar uniharuko pramukh hiralai 'da leo' lebel garieko parichaya garae. schactorle afno hira cutt rar adwitiya pratibhako patent gare. sann 2000 maa, schactor vishwa hira parishadma samel bhae rar kimberley prakriyako madhyambata dwandwa mukta hirako srotka lagi vishwa hira congress pahallai sakriya rupma lie. schachar rar namdar sajhedari sann 2005 maa samapta bhayo. sann 2007 maa, schaterle afno bharatiya udyam kaam schutter marfat tayar gahana utpadan garna bharatiya company, kama jewelssanga sajhedarima prawesh prawesh. schactorle afno vinamra suruwatka sath wishwako sabaibhanda thulo hira company sirjana gare jasle israel, newyork, botsawana, bharat rar japanma vishwabharka 1000 karmachariharulai rojgar dinchha. samanyataya jiwanbhanda thula patraharuka lagi chinine wyawasayama, schactor samanyataya spotlightbata tadha rahanchha rar radarantargat rahanchha. wyaktigat jiwan. sann 1924 maa janmeka schactor afna bubasanga afno hirako wyawasayama sanlagna thie jasmadhye kehi unle antworpma rahanda sikeka thie. schactorle sharlisanga vivaha gareka thie rar unka paanch chhoriharu thie, rar ek samayama unka panchjana jwainharu schactorko wyawasayama sanlagna thie. timadhye dui tanenbam rar devid greenberg jaari rahe jabki newyork saharko officeko lamo samayadekhiko netritwa garne erich austen kehi warshaghi sewaniwritta bhae. schactor geonist rar yahudi paropkari pahalharuko ek utsuk samarthak thie. hira udyogma 6 dashak lamo samayapachi, schactor sann 2009 maa wyawasayabata sewaniwritta bhae. unko mrityuko samayama, schactor afnie shrimati, chhoriharu rar darjanaun natinataniharu rar prapautraharu chhodera gae.

leo scatchter jitjhaka aari (leo) scatchter (19 march 1924-11 meey 2019) jane pramukh israela heera byabasajee ebong leo scatchter hirara pratisthata ebong malika thile. 1924 masihare nyujarkara brukalinthare schactor janmagrahana karithile. dwiteeja pidhira dimantaire, schactor 18 barsha bajasare nijara heera palishing byabasai arambha karithile. shay taanka pita maxnka dwara anupranita hoithile, jie belajijamre heera katiba kalaa shikhithile. byabasai. 1952 masihare, schactor beck ebong schactor company pratistha karithile. samajakrame, skachtaranka company heera utpadana thaaru arambha curry alankara seting parjyanta heera joganara ekadhika parjyajare nijojita hoithila . chaud barsha parey 1966 masihare, schactor dii bijararu tankara pratham heera drusti hassel karithile. chaari dashandhi dhari, leo schactor heera israelara shirsha heera raptanikari thila . dheere dheere company eka heera samrajyare parinata hoithila. 1970 dashaka suddha scatchter nyujarka saharar sarbabruhata heera utpadanakari hoiparithila. 1981 masihare, shachter abraham ebong moshe namadaranka saha bhagidari karithile. schaster' ebong 'namdar' pratham dekhare 'dii biara' paithile ebong biswara sarbabruhata heera company madhyaru gotiere parinata hoithile. 1982 masiha suddha, schactor nijara bikrai ebong parichalanaku tail aabhibhku sthanantarita karithile. 1984 masihare company bostawanare karjya banda kariba arambha karithila. shaha shaha israelara lokanku nijukti deithibaru ebong israelara arthabyabasthare tankara sakaratmaka yogdan paain shay prashansita hoithile. 1999 masihare, 'daa leo' namaka branded heera byabasai arambha kariba paain scatchter agrani bhumika grahan karithile. schactor nijara heera katiba ebong ananya pratibhaku patent karithile. 2000 masihare, scatchter biswa heera parishadare joga deithile ebong kimberly prakriya madhyamare sangharsha mukta heera utsa kariba paain biswa heera kangresara padakhyepaku sakriya bhabare grahan karithile. 2005 masihare 'scatchter' ebong 'namdar' bhagidari shesh hoithila. 2007 masihare 'scatchter' nijara bharatiah udyoga 'kaama scatchter' jariaare prastuta alankara utpadana kariba paain 'kaama juals' namaka eka bharatiah company sahita bhagidari karithila. taanka namra arambha sahita scatchter biswara sarbabruhata heera company srusti karithile jaahaa israela, nyujarka, botaswana, bharat ebong japanare biswabyapee 1000 karmacharinku nijukti deithae . sadharanatah jeebanaru budd charitra paain janashuna byabasajare, scatchter sadharanatah spatalaitaru doorare ruhanti ebong radara adheenare ruhanti . byaktigata zeeban. 1924 masihare janmita, schactor taanka pitanka saha taanka heera byabasajare jadita thile, jeunthiru kichhi shay antworp ray rahiba samajare shikhithile. scatchter sharlinku bibaha karithile ebong tankara pancha jhia thile, ebong gotie samajare tankara samasta pancha john jwain skachataranka byabasajare jadita thile. semananka madhyaru dui john tanenbaum ebong devida greenberg karjya jaari rakhithiba bele dirgha deane dhari nyujarka city karjyalajara netrutwa neuthiba erich asten kichhi barsha purbe absar neithile. schactor geonist ebong ihudi databya padakhyepara jane utsahi samarthaka thile. heera shilpare 6 dashandhi dhari karjya kariba parey, parey schactor byabasajaru absar neithile. mrutyu samajare, schaktaranka patni, jhia ebong dozen dozen natinatuni ebong ananatuni thile.

leo scatcher yitzak airee (leo) shachter (19 march 1924-11 maee 2019) ikk pramukh israeli heera vapari atey leo shachter hiriaan daa sansthapak atey maalak see. scatcher daa janam 1924 witch brooklin, newyork witch hoiaa see. ikk duji peedhi dey dimentire, scatcher neey 18 saal dee umar witch aapna heere dee policing daa carobar shuru keeta. uh aapne pitaa maikas toon prerit sunn jinhan neey belgium witch heere dee kattan dee qalaa sikkhi see. carobar. 1952 witch, scatcher neey company dee sathapana keeti. samein dey naal, shatcher dee company heere dee saplai dey kaee padavan witch rujhi hoee haii, heere dey nirman toon lae keey gahiniaan dee setting takk. chaudan saal baad 1966 witch, shatcher neey dee beear toon aapni pahili heere dee drishti prapat keeti. chaar dahakiaan takk, leo scatcher heere israel daa sabh toon vadda heera niryatak see. hauli-hauli company ikk heere daa samraj bann gaee. 1970 dey dahake takk shatcher newyork shehar daa sabh toon vadda heera nirmata bann giaa. sann 1981 witch, shachter neey abraham atey moshe namdar naal bhaiwali keeti. shachter atey namdar noon pahili nazar witch heier miliaa atey ih dunia deeaan sabh toon vaddiaan heere companyan vicchon ikk bann gaee. 1982 takk, shatcher neey aapni vikri atey sanchalan noon telly avv witch tabdil qarr ditta. 1984 witch, company neey botswana witch kamm karna shuru qarr ditta. unhan noon sainkade izarailiaan noon naukari denh atey israeel dee arthvivastha witch unhan dey skaratmak yogdan laee parshansa keeti gaee. sann 1999 witch, shatcher neey branded hiriaan dey carobar dee shuruat keeti atey aapne pramukh heere noon 'leo' label naal pesh keeta. shatcher neey aapne heere dey kattan atey vilakkhan pratibha daa patent karvaiaa. saal 2000 witch, shatcher vishav heera consul witch shamal hoow giaa atey kimberley prakiriaa raahin takraa mukat hiriaan noon sarot banaun laee vishav heera congress dee pahilkadmi noon sargarmi naal apnaiaa. scutcher atey namdar bhaiwali 2005 witch khatam hoow gaee. 2007 witch, scutcher neey aapne bharti uddam kaama scutcher raahin tiaar gahiniaan dey utpadan laee ikk bharti company, kaama jewels naal bhaiwali keeti. aapni nimmer shuruat naal shatcher neey dunia dee sabh toon vaddi heere dee company banayi joe israeel, newyork, botswana, bharat atey japaan witch dunia bharr witch 1000 karamchariaan noon naukari dindi haii. aam taur utte jeevan toon vadde patran laee jaane jaande carobar witch, shatcher aam taur utte dhiaan khicchan toon door rahinda haii atey radar dey hethan rahinda haii. nijji jeevan. 1924 witch paida hoye, shatcher aapne pitaa naal aapne heere dey carobar witch shamal sunn, jinhan vicchon kujh unhan neey antiverp witch rahinn dauran sikkhiaa see. shatcher daa viaah sharli naal hoiaa see atey unhan deeaan panj dhiaan sunn, atey ikk samein uss dey saare panj jawai shatcher dey carobar witch shamal sunn. unhan vicchon doou tennenbaum atey david greenberg jaari rahey jadon kii erik austeen, joe lambe samein toon newyork city daftar dey mukhi sunn, kujh saal pahilan sevamukt hoye sunn. shachter zionist atey yahudi daani pahilkadmiaan daa ikk shaukin samarthak see. heere udyog witch 6 lambe dahakiaan toon baad, shatcher neey 2009 witch carobar toon sanyas lae liaa. aapni maut dey samein, shatcher aapne pichhe aapni patni, dhiaan atey darjanan pote-potiaan atey padpote-potiaan chhadd gaye sunn.

leo scachter yitzak eree (leo) shachter (19 maarch 1924-11 mey 2019) ekaha pramukhah isreli-vajra-vyaapaari, leo shachter-vajrasya samsthaapakah swami cha aasit. 1924 tame varshe nyuyaark-nagarasya brooklin-nagare shachter-varyaha ajayata. dwiteeya-peedhyaah diamentair-varyaha, shachter-varyaha 18 varsheeyah, swasya vajra-paalishing-vyavasaayam aarabdhavaan. saha swasya pituhu max-ityanena preritah aasit, yah belgium-deshe vajra-cutting-kalaam abhyanayt. vyaapaarah. 1952 tame varshe, shechter ityanena beck and shechter iti kampenee samsthaapitaa. kalantare, scachter ityasya kampanee vajrasya aapoorteh anekasu charaneshu, vajrasya nirmanat aabhooshan-sthaapanaparyantam, samlagnah aasit. chaturdashavarshaanantaram 1966 tame varshe, shyaachtar ityayam dee-bear-ityatah prathamam vajradrushtim avaapnot. chaturshu dashakaparyantam leo-shoctor-vajraani isrel-deshasya pramukham vajra-niryaatakam aasit. kramena eshaa kampanee vajrasaamraajyam abhavat. 1970 tame dashake scachter nyuyaark-nagarasya bruhattamah vajra-utpaadakah abhavat. 1981 tame varshe, shachtar-varyaha abraaham-moshe-namdar-ityetaih saha sahabhaagitvam krutavaan. shchachtar tathaa namdar cha bear-ityasya prathamadarshanm praapya vishvasya bruhattameshu vajra-kampaneeshu anyatam jaatam. 1982 tame varshe, shyaachtar ityayam swasya vikrayanam, karyani cha tail-eviv ityatra sthanantaritavan. 1984 tame varshe botswana-deshe kampanee-samsthaayaah karyasya ksharanam aarabdham. saha shatashah israyeliyaan niyuktavaan, israyel-deshasya arthavyavasthaayaam tasya sakaratmakam yogadam cha krutavaan iti prashamsitam. 1999 tame varshe, shechter ityayam brand-yukta-vajraanaam vyavasaayasya pravartakah abhavat, teshaam pramukha-vajrasya 'da leo' iti mudraam pravartayat. schaatar ityeshah swasya vajra-ksharananam, adviteeya-pratibhayaha cha patent praptavan. 2000 tame varshe, shechter vishva-vajra-parishadah sadasyah abhavat, kimberley-prakriyayaha madhyamena sangharsha-mukta-vajraanaam srotaartham vishva-vajra-kaangres-upakramam sakriyatayaa sveekrutavaan. 2005 tame varshe scotter tathaa namadara-sahabhaagitvam samaaptam abhavat. 2007 tame varshe scotter ityayam bhaarateey-kampanee ityanena kaam-jewels ityanena saha sahabhaagitvam krutvaa bhaarateey-udyamasya kaam-scotter ityasya madhyamena nirmita-aabhushananam utpaadanam krutavaan. shyaachtar ityayam swasya vinamra-aarambhen vishvasya bruhattamam vajra-companym asthaapayat, yat isrel, nyuyaark, botswana, bharatam, japaan cha ityeteshu vishve 1000 karmachaarinah niyojayati. samanyataya jeevanaat bruhattar-patranam krute prasidhah vyavasaayah, shechter samanyataya spotlet-taha doore nyastah, radar ityasya adhah cha aasit. vyaktigatajeevanam. 1924 tame varshe janma praapnot, shyaachtar swapituh saha swasya vajra-vyavasaaye samlagnah aasit, yeshu kechan saha ent-varp-madhye sthitasya kaale abhyanayt. shechter ityeshah shirley ityanena saha vivaahitah aasit, tasya pancha putraah aasan, ekasmin samaye tasya panchau putraushcha shechter ityasya vyavasaaye samlagnau aasan. teshu dwau tanenbam tathaa david greenberg cha nirantaram pravartanta, api cha nyuyaark-nagarakaryalayasya dirghakalam netrutvam kurvan rikk austein ityeshah katipayebhyah varshaanaam poorvam nivruttah abhavat. schaatar ityeshah zionist-jyuyish-paropakariprakriyam cha atyutsahisamarthakaha aasit. vajra-udyame 6 deergha-dashakanam anantaram, 2009 tame varshe shechter-varyaha vyavasaayaat nivruttah abhavat. tasya mrutyoho samaye, shechter-varyasya patnee, putraah, dozen-dozen-yaavat natyaha, prapautrau cha jeevitau aasan.

leoo scotcher yidshock aarii (leoo) shotchter (19 maarch 1924-11 mae 2019) oru mukiya israeliya vairakkarar mattrum leoo shotcher vairangkalin niruvanar mattrum urimaiyaalar aavaar. 1924 aam aandil newyorkin brooklinil pirantha shotcher, thanathu 18 vadhu vayathil thanathu vaira merukoottal vanigaththaith thodangkinaar. beljiyaththil vairam vettum kalaiyaik kattrukkonda thanathu thanthai makes enbavaraal avar eerkkappattaar. vanigam. 1952 aam aandil, shotcher niruvanam beck mattrum shotcher niruvanatthai niruviyathu. kaalappoakkil, shotserine niruvanam vaira urpaththi muthal nagaikal amaiththal varai vaira viniyoagaththin pala nilaigalil eedupattathu. pathinaanku aandugalukkup piragu 1966 aam aandil, shotcher thanathu muthal vairak kaatchiyai dii piyarsilirunthu adainthaar. naanku thasaapthankalaaka, leoo scotcher vairangkal israelin munnani vaira aetrtrumathiyaalaraaka irunththana. padippadiyaaga inththa niruvanam oru vaira saamraajyamaaga maariyathu. 1970 kazhil shotcher newyorg nagaraththin migapperiya vaira urpaththiyaalaraaka maariyathu. 1981 aam aandil, shuchter avraham mattrum moshe namthaar aakiyoarudan koottaanmaiyai uruvaakkinaar. shotcher & namthaar adhan muthal paarvaiyil piyarkalaip pettrathu mattrum ulagin migapperiya vaira niruvanangalil ontraaka valarnthathu. 1982 vaakkil, shotcher thanathu virpanai mattrum seyalpaadugalai dell aevivukku maatrinaar. 1984 aam aandil, niruvanam potswanavil seyalpaadugalai vettath thodangiyathu. noottrukkanakkaana israeliyargalaip paniyamarththiyatharkaagavum, israelin porulaathaaraththirku avar aliththa nermaraiyaana pankalippirkaagavum avar paaraattappattaar. 1999 aam aandil, shotcher branded vairangkalin vanigaththai munneduththuch sentraar, avarkalin muthanmai vairatthai 'leoo' endru peyaridappattathu. shotcher thanathu vaira vettukkal mattrum thaniththuvamaana puththisaaliththanaththirku kaappurimai pettraar. 2000 aam aandil, shotcher ulaga vairak kuzhuvil saernthaar mattrum kimberley seyalmurai moolam moathal illaatha vairangkalai pera ulaga vaira congress munmuyarchiyai theeviramaaga eduththaar. shotcher mattrum namthaar koottaanmai 2005 ill mudivadainthathu. 2007 aam aandil, shotcher oru inthiya niruvanamaana kaamaa nagaikaludan oru koottaanmaiyil nuzhainthathu, adhan inthiya niruvanamaana kaamaa shotcher moolam mudikappatta nagaikalai urpaththi seithathu. shotcher thanathu eliya thodakkatthudan ulagin migapperiya vaira niruvanatthai uruvaakkinaar, idhu israel, newyorg, bodswana, india mattrum jappanil ulagengkilum 1000 oozhiyargalaip payanpaduththukirathu. podhuvaaga vaazhkkaiyai vida periya kathaapaaththiranggalukku peyar pettra vanigaththil, shotcher podhuvaaga kavanaththai eerkkaamal vaiththirunthu raderine keezh irunthaar. thanipatta vaazhkkai. 1924 aam aandil pirantha shotcher, thanathu thanthaiyudan thanathu vaira vanigaththil eedupattaar, avattril silavattrai avar antwerple thangiyirunthapoathu karrukkondaar. shotter shirley enbavarai mananthaar, avarukku ainthu magalgal irunththanar, oru kattaththil avarathu ainthu marumagangalum shacharin vanigaththil eedupattirunththanar. avarkalil irandu paer dannenbaum mattrum davit greenberg aagiyoar newyorg nagara aluvalagaththai neenda kaalamaaga vazhinadaththiya erik austin sila aandugalukku munbu oaivu petrtrapoathu thodarnthanar. shotcher seonist mattrum yootha thondu niruvanangalin theevira aatharavaalaraaka irunthaar. vairath thuraiyil 6 thasaapthankalukkup piragu, shotcher 2009 aam aandil vanigaththilirunthu oaivu pettraar. avarathu maranaththin poathu, shotcher thanathu manaivi, magalgal mattrum dajan kanakkaana paerakkuzhandhaigal mattrum kollup paerakkuzhandhaigalaal uyir pilaiththaar.

leo scatchter yitzac aari (leo) shatchter (19 marchi 1924-11 mae 2019) oka pramukha izrael vajraala vyapari mariyu leo scatchter vajraala vyavasthaapakudu mariyu yajamani. jeevitam newyorkloni brooklinlo janminchina shutchter, rendava taram diamontyre, 18 samvatsaraala vayassulo thana diamond polishing vyapaaraanni praarambhinchaadu. belgiumlo diamond cutting kalanu neerchukunna thana tandri maaks nundi prerana pondaadu. vyaparam. vyaparam, scatchter eee companyni beck und scatchterga sthaapinchaaru. kalakramena, scatchter company vajraala tayari nundi aabharanaala setting varaku vajraala sarafara yokka aneka dasalalo nimagnamai undhi. padnaalugu samvatsaraala taruvaata taruvaata, shutchter thana modati vajra drushtini dii beerla nundi saadhinchaadu. naalugu dasabdaluga, leo scutcher vajraalu izrael vajraala egumatidaarulalo agrasthaanamlo unnaayi. kramamga company vajra saamrajyamgaa maarindi. 1970la natiki newyork nagaramlo atipedda vajraala tayaareedaarugaa shoctor maarindi. maarindi, shutchter, avraham mariyu moshe namdar latho bhagaswamyanni yerparachukunnadu. shutchter & namdar daani dii biir modati chuupunu pondindi mariyu prapanchamlooni atipedda vajraala companylalo okatigaa maarindi. 1982 natiki, shutchter thana ammakalu mariyu karyakalapalanu tell evivku marchadu. marchadu, company botswanalo karyakalapalanu nilipiveyadam praarambhinchindi. vandalaadi mandhi izrael pourulanu niyaminchukunnanduku mariyu izrael aardhika vyavasthaku ayana saanukuula sahakaram andinchinanduku ayana prasamsimchabaddaaru. prasamsimchabaddaaru, shutchter brand vajraala vyaapaaraaniki maargadarsakatvam vahinchi, 'dhi leo' anie label cheyabadina vaari pradhana vajraanni pravesapettaadu. scutcher thana vajraala kothalu mariyu pratyaekamaina pratibhanu patent chesaadu. 2000 samvatsaramlo, scatchter prapancha diamond councillo cheraadu mariyu kimberley prakriya dwara sangharshana rahita vajraalanu pondadaaniki prapancha diamond congress choravanu churukuga teesukunnadu. scutcher mariyu namdar bhagaswamyam bhagaswamyam mugisindi. mugisindi, scutcher thana bharatiya venture kaama scutcher dwara puurtayina aabharanaalanu utpatti cheyadaaniki bharatiya company kaama aabharanaalato bhagaswamyanni kudurchukundi. thana vinayapoorvakamaina praarambhamtho scutcher prapanchamlone atipedda vajraala samsthanu srushtinchaadu, idhi izrael, newyork, botswana, bharatadesam mariyu japaanlalo prapanchavyaaptamgaa 1000 mandhi udyogulanu niyaminchindi. saadhaaranamgaa jeevitamlooni paatrala kante pedda paatralaku prasiddhi chendina vyaparamlo, scatchter saadhaaranamgaa spotlight nundi dhooramgaa unchabadi radar kinda undipoyindi. vyaktigata jeevitam. jeevitam janminchina shutchter thana tandritho kalisi thana vajraala vyaparamlo palgonnadu, veetilo konnintini athanu antwerplo unna samayamlo neerchukunnaadu. shatchter shirleeni vivaham chesukunnadu mariyu ataniki aiduguru kumartelu unnaaru, oka samayamlo athani aiduguru allullu shatchter vyaparamlo palgonnaru. vaarilo iddaru tannenbaum mariyu david greenberg konasagaru, ayithe newyork nagara kaaryaalayaaniki chalakalam naayakatvam vahinchina eric austin konni samvatsaraala kritam padavee viramana chesaaru. shutchter geonist mariyu yoodula swachchanda kaaryakramaalaku aasaktigala maddatudaarudu. vajraala parisramalo 6 dasaabdaala sudeerghakaalam taruvaata, scatchter scatchter vyaparam nundi padavee viramana chesaaru. ayana maraninche samayaniki, skaachtarku bhaarya, kumartelu mariyu dozenla koddi manumalu mariyu munimanavallu unnaaru.

liyo sheechar yatzak airee (liyo) sheechar (19 maarch 1924-11 mayee 2019) eek mamtaz israeli diamentair aur liyo sheechar hairon kay baanee aur maalik thay. sheechar 1924 mein brokleen neoyork mein paida hoay. dosri nasal kay dementier sheechar nay 18 saal kii amar mein hiray kii paalish kaa karobar sharoo kiyaa. wah apnay waalid meks say mutasir thay jinhon nay belgium mein hiray kaatnay kaa funn seekha thaa. karobar. 1952 mein sheechar nay company beek aind sheechar kii bunyaad rakhee. waqat guzarnay kay saath sheechar kii company hairon kii farahami kay mutadid marahil mein masruf rahee hairon kii tayari say lay kirr zewaraat kii tartib takk. chodah saal baad 1966 mein sheechar nay ddee bayer say apnee pehli hiray kii nazar haasil kii. chaar dahayiyon takk liyo sheechar hiray israel kay hairon kay sabb say baday baraamad kanandah thay. aahista aahista company hairon kii sultanat bunn gayee. 1970 kii dahayi takk sheechar neoyork shehar mein hiray bananay waala sabb say badaa idaarah bunn gayaa. 1981 mein sheechar nay ibrahim aur moshay naamdar kay saath sharakat daari qayem kii. sheechar aur naamdar kuu pehli nazar mein hyee bayer mill gayaa aur wah duniya kii sabb say bury hiray kii companiyon mein say eek bunn gayee. 1982 takk sheechar nay apnee seils aur operations kuu teeli aviev mein muntaqil kirr diyaa. 1984 mein company nay botswana mein kaam karnaa sharoo kiyaa. sainkadon israeliyon kuu mulazimat deenay aur israel kii maeshat mein inn kii masbat sharakat kay liye inhein saraha gayaa. 1999 mein sheechar nay branded hairon kay karobar kaa aaghaz kiyaa jiss mein inn kay fleeg ship hiray kuu 'dee liyo' kaa leebal lagaa kirr mutaarif karaya gayaa. sheechar nay apnay hiray kay katotiyon aur manfard chamak kaa pattent karaya. saal 2000 mein sheechar nay world diamond konsal mein shamoliyat akhtiyar kii aur kambarli kay amal kay zariye tanazaat say paak hairon kay manbaa kay liye aalimi diamond congress kay aqdaam kuu faal toor parr apnaya. sheechar aur naamdar kii sharakat daari 2005 mein khatam hoyee. 2007 mein sheechar nay apnay hindustani mansubay kaama sheechar kay zariye tayaar zewaraat tayaar karnay kay liye eek hindustani company kaama jeols kay saath sharakat daari kii. sheechar nay apnee mamuli sharoaat kay saath duniya kii sabb say bury hiray kii company banayi juu israel neoyork boatswana hindustan aur japaan mein duniya bhar mein 1000 mulazimin kuu mulazimat deeti hay. aam toor parr zindagi say baday kirdaron kay liye jaanay jaanay waalay karobar mein sheechar aam toor parr roshni say door rehta hay aur redar kay tahat rehta hay. zaati zindagi. 1924 mein paida huay sheechar apnay waalid kay saath hairon kay karobar mein shaamil thay jinn mein say kachh inhon nay antwerp mein qayaam kay doraan seekha thaa. sheechar kii shaadi sharli say hoyee thee aur inn kii paanch betiyan thein aur eek waqat parr inn kay paanchon damaad sheechar kay karobar mein shaamil thay. inn mein say duu tennon boam aur dude grain burg jaari rahay jabkah airak austeen juu taweel arsey say neoyork shehar kay daftar kay sarbarah thay chand saal qabal retire hoay. sheechar seehuni aur yahudi khairati iqdamat kay shoqeen haami thay. hiray kii sanaat mein 6 taweel dahayiyon kay baad sheechar 2009 mein karobar say sabkadosh how gayey. inn kii moth kay waqat sheechar kay peeche inn kii bewi betiyan aur darjanon potay aur padpote thay.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23015033

Inagekaigan Station

Inagekaigan Station Railway station in Chiba, Japan is a passenger railway station located in Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). Lines. Inagekaigan Station is served by the Keiyō Line from Tokyo and is 35.3 kilometers from the western terminus of the line at Tokyo Station. Station layout. The elevated station consists of two side platforms serving two tracks between them, with the station building underneath. The station is staffed. History. The station opened on 3 March 1986. The station was absorbed into the JR East network upon the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987. Station numbering was introduced to the JR East platforms in 2016 with Inagekaigan being assigned station number JE15. With the opening of Makuharitoyosuna in 2023, stations further down on the Keiyo Line were each shifted down one station number. As such, Inagekaigan was reassigned station number JE16. Passenger statistics. In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 21,716 passengers daily References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> External links. Media related to at Wikimedia Commons

inagekaigan steson pubo jaapan rey "lowe company (je. aar. isto) ror dwara porisalito japanor sibar mihama-ku-too owosthito ekhon jatribahi rey" lowe steson. xaribur. inagekaigan stationtuk tokur poraa keiyu lineor dwara xewa aagborhuwa hoy aaru ee toku stationot thoka lineor poschim terminusor poraa 35.3 kilometer durot aase. stationor binyax. elevated stationtut dutaa kaxor platform aase ji teulukor maajot dutaa trekk xewa aagborhai, jaar tolot steson bhowon aase. stationtut kormosari aase. itihax. 1986 sonor 3 marchot stationtu mukoli koraa hoisil. 1987 sonor 1 aprilot je. eno. aaror bexorkari korar pisot stationtu je. aar. isto networkot ontorbhukto koraa hoisil. 2016 sonot je. aar. isto platformot steson nomboring proborton koraa hoisil aaru inagekaiganok steson nombor nombor nirdharon koraa hoisil. 2023 sonot mukoli huwar loge loge keio "lineor odhik tolor stationbur protitu etaa steson nomboroloi sthanantorito koraa hoisil. xeyehe, inagekaiganok steson nombor nombor punor nijukti diya hoisil. jatrir porixongkhya. 2019 bittiyo borxot ei stationtu doinik gore 21,716 john jatriye byobohar korisil.

inagekaigan steshana purbo japan railway company (jeey. arr. east) dwara porichalito japaner chibar mihama-koo-teey abosthito ekti jatribahi railway steshana. line. inagaigan stationti tokio theke keiyo line dwara poribeshon koraa hoy ebong tokio stationer liner poschim terminus theke 35.3 kilometres doore abosthito. stationer binnas. unchu stationti duti parshwa platform niye gothito, jaa taader modhye duti track poribeshon korey, jaar neeche steshana bhobon royeche. stationtite karmi royeche. itihas. stationti 1986 saaler 3raa march khola hoy. 1987 saaler 1laa april jeey. enn. arr-err besorkarikoroner porr stationti jeey. arr east networke antarbhukta koraa hoy. 2016 saale junior east platformgulite steshana nomboring chaalu koraa hoyechilo ebong inagekaiganke steshana nambar nambar baradda koraa hoyechilo. 2023 saale chaalu howar saathe saathe, keio liner arow niche stationguli ekti korey steshana nomborer niche sthanantorito hoyechilo. eibhabe, inagekaiganke steshana nambar nambar punra niyog koraa hoyechilo. jatrider porisongkhyan. 2019-err orthoborshe, stationti protidin gadey 21,716 john jatri byabohar korten.

inegekaigan station purv japan railway kampani (jeey. aar. ist) dwara sanchaalit, mihama-kuu, chiba, japanma aavelu passenger railway station chhe. rekhaao. inagekaigan stationne tokyothi keiyo line dwara sevaa aapvama aave chhe aneey teey tokyo station parr line pashchim terminusthi 35.3 kilometer door chhe. station leout. elevated stationma beey bajunaa platform chhe jeey temnee vachche beey treknee sevaa aape chhe, jenee neeche stationni imaarat chhe. stationno staff chhe. itihas. aaa station 3 march march roj kholvaamaa aavyu hatoo. 1 april april roj jeey. aena. aar. naa khangikaran pachhi stationne jeey. aar. ist networkma samaavi levaamaa aavyu hatoo. hatoo juniyar ist platform parr station numberni sharuaat karvaamaa aavee hatee, jemaa inagekaiganne station number number sonpavama aavyo hato. hato jeey. ee. naa udghaatan saathe, keiyo line parnaa stationone aek station number neeche khasedvama aavyaa hataa. jaim keey, inagekaiganne station number jeey 16 fareethi sonpavama aavyu hatoo. musafarona aankada. nanakiy varsh varsh aaa stationno upyog darroj sarerash 21,716 musafaro dwara karvaamaa aavto hato

inagaikaigan station yeh purvi japan railway company (jey. aar. east) dwara sanchaalit, japan key mihama-kuu, chiba mein sthit ack yatri railway station haye. rekhaaen. inegekaigan station koo tokyo seey kiyo line dwara seva pradaan kii jaati haye aur yeh tokyo station parr line key paschimi terminus seey 35.3 kilometres door haye. station leout. oonche station mein dou taraf key platform hotey hain joe unake beach dou patariyon kii seva karate hain, jisake neeche station kii imarat hoti haye. station mein karmchari hain. itihas. station 3 march 1986 koo khola gayaa. 1 aprail 1987 koo jey. aine. aar. key nijikaran key baad station koo jey. aar. east network mein shamil curr liya gayaa. 2016 mein jey. aar. east platforms parr station number kii shuruat kii gaee thee, jisamen ingekaigan koo station number jey. ee. 15 saunpa gayaa thaa. 2023 mein khulane key saath, kiyo line parr stations koo ack-ack station number seey neeche sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. iss tarah, ingekaigan koo station sankhya jey16 phir seey saunpa gayaa. yatri aankade. vitt varsh 2019 mein, station kaa upayog ausatan 21,716 yaatriyon dwara kiya gayaa thaa

inakaikaigan nildaana idu purva japan railway kampani (jr eest) nirvahisuttiruva japanina chibaada mihama-kuu nalliruva prayanikara railu nildaanavaagide. saalugalu. inakaikaigan nildaanavu tokiyodinda keo maargadinda seve sallisuttade mattu tokio nildaanadalliruva maargada paschima terminasninda 35.3 kilometer dooradallide. nildaanada vinyasa. ettarada nildaanavu eradu badiya vedikegalannu hondiddu avugala naduve eradu haligalannu odagisuttade, nildaanada kattadavu kelagide. nildaanavu sibbandiyannu hondide. itihaasa. ee nildaanavannu 1986rahra march 3randu tereyalaayitu. 1987rahra april 1randu zhe. enn. aarr. naa khaasageekaranada nantara ee nildaanavannu zhe. aarr. eest jalakke serisalaayitu. 2016ralli zhe. aarr. purva platformgalige nildaana sankhyeyannu parichayisalaayitu, inagekaigange nildaana sankhye zhe15 annu nigadipadisalaayitu. 2023ralli praarambhavaadante, keo maargada kelagiruva nildaanagalannu talaa ondu nildaana sankhyeyinda kelakke sthalaantarisalaayitu. heegaagi, inagekaigange station sankhye zhe16 annu maruhondisalaayitu. prayanikara ankiamshagalu. 2019rahra hanakasu varshadalli, ee nildaanavannu pratidina sarasari 21,716 prayanikaru balasuttiddaru.

inagaikaigan steshan eest jappan railway kambani (jr eest) nadathunna jappaanile chibayile mihama-kuyil sthithi cheiyunna oru passenture railway steshanaanu ithu. varikal. tokkiyoyil ninnulla keyyo line inagaikaigan steshan sarvees nadathunnu, tokkiyo steshanile laininte padinjaaran terminasil ninnu 35.3 kilometer akaleyaan ithu. steshan leauttu. elevated steshanil rund vashathulla plaattphomukal adangiyirikkunnu, avaykkidayil rund trackukal undu, steshan kettidam thaazhe. steshanil jeevanakkaarund. charithram. 1986 march 3nuu steshan thurannu. 1987 epril 1nuu jeey. enn. aarinte svakaaryavalkkaranathethu steshan jeey. aarr. eest netvarkkil ulppeduthi. 2016ll juuniyar eest plaattphomukalil steshan numpering avatharippichu, inagekaiganu steshan nambar jeey 15 nalki. 2023ll aarambhichathode, keyo lainile steshanukal oronnum oro steshan nambaril thaazhekku maatti. athinaal, inagaikaigan steshan nambar jeey 16 veendum niyamichu. yaathrakkaarude sthithivivarakkanakkukal. 2019 saambathika varshathil prathidinam sharashari 21,716 yaathrakkaaraanu eee steshan upayogichirunnathu.

inagaikaigan sthanak purv japan railway company (jeey. aar. east) dware chalavale jaanare, mihama-kuu, chiba, japan yethe sthit eka pravasi railway sthanak aahe. resha. inagaikaigan sthankala tokiyopasoon keyo margadvare seva dilee jaate aanee teey tokio sthanakachya paschim tokapasoon 35.3 kilometer antaravar aahe. sthanakachi mandani. unch sthanakat done bajuche platform aahet jeey tyanchya darmyan done marg seva detat, khalee sthanakachi imarat aahe. sthankavar karmchari aahet. itihas. 3 march 1986 roji heey sthanak ughadanyat aale. 1 april 1987 roji jeey. aine. aar. chya khasgikaranantar heey sthanak jeey. aar. east networkmadhye villin karnyat aale. 2016 madhye jeey. aar. east platformwar station kramankachi suruvat karnyat aalee aanee inagekaiganla station kramank kramank denyat aala. 2023 madhye jeey. eae. 15 suru jhalyanantar, keyo margavaril aanakhi khalee jaanari sthanke pratyeki eka station kramank khalee halavanyat aalee. tyamule, inagekayakanala station kramank jeey. eae. 16 punha niyukt karnyat aale. pravashanchi aakadevari. 2019 chya aarthik varshat, yaa sthanakacha vapar darroj sarasari 21,716 pravasi karat asat

inagaikaigan station purvi japan railway company (jr east) dwara sanchalit, mihama-ku, chiba, japanma awasthit ek yatri railway station how. lineharu. inagekaigan stationlai tokiyobata keiyo linedwara sewa pradan garinchha rar tokiyo stationma lineko paschimi terminusbata 35.3 kilometer tadha chha. stationko ruparekha. elevated stationma duiwata chheuko platformharu hunchhan jasle tiniharuko bichma duiwata trackharu sewa dinchha, jasko tall station bhawan chha. stationma karmachari chhan. itihas. station 3 march 1986 maa kholieko thiyo. 1 april 1987 maa jnrko nijikaranpachhi stationlai jr east networkma samahit garieko thiyo. sann 2016 maa junier east platformharuma station numbering suru garieko thiyo jasma inagekaiganlai station number number tokieko thiyo. sann 2023 maa kholiesangai, keiyo linema thap talka stationharu pratyeklai euta station number tall sario. jastai, inagekaiganlai station number jey 16 punah tokieko thiyo. yatru tathyanka. arthik warsha 2019 maa, yo station dainik ausat 21,716 yatruharule prayog gareka thie.

inagekaigana station purba japan rela company (jay. aarr. east) dwara parichalita, ehaa japanara chiba antargata mihama-ku thaare abasthita eka jatribahi rela station. dhadi. inagkegan stationku tokioru keio line dwara seba pradan karajae ebong tokio stationre liner paschima tarminasatharu 35.3 kilometer doorare . station binyas. ehi uttolita stationre duiti parswa platform rahichhi, jaahaa semananka madhyare duiti track seba pradan karithae, jahara tale station kotha rahichhi. stationre karmachari achanti. itihas. ehi station 3 march 1986 ray kholajaithila. 1987 april 1 ray jay. enn. aarr. rahr gharoikarana parey stationku jay. aarr. east netawarkare antarbhukta karajaithila. 2016 masihare juniara east platformre station nambaring arambha karajaithila ebong inagekaigananku station nambara jay15 diajaithila. 2023 masihare ehara kholiba sahita, keio linere ahuri talaku stationgudiku gotie lekhaen station nambara talaku sthanantarita karajaithila. tenu, inagekaigananku station nambara jay16 punahnijukta karajaithila. jatrinka parisankhyana. 2019 arthika barshare, ehi stationku dainika harahari 21,716 john jatri byabahara karuthile.

inegkaigan station ih purbi japaan railway company (jey. aar. east) duaara sanchalit mihama-kuu, chiba, japaan witch sathit ikk yaatari railway station haii. lines. inagekygen station tokio toon kiyo line duaara seva pardan karda haii atey tokio station 'teey line dey pachmi termins toon 35.3 kilometer door haii. station layout. elevated station witch doou paase dey platform hunde hunn joe uhanan dey vichkaar doou traikan dee seva karde hunn, jiss dey hethan station dee imaarat haii. station 'teey staff haii. itihaas. station 3 march 1986 noon kholhiaa giaa see. 1 aprail 1987 noon jnr dey nijjikaran toon baad station noon jeaar east network witch shamal qarr liaa giaa see. 2016 witch inegkaigan noon station number jey. ee. 15 nirdharat keete jaanh dey naal, keyo line dey hethan station number noon ikk station number toon hethan tabdil qarr ditta giaa see. iss tarahan, inagekaigan noon station number jey. ee. 16 dubara niyukat keeta giaa see. yatrian dey ankade. vitti saal 2019 witch iss station dee varton rozana austan 21,716 yatrian duaara keeti jaandi see.

inegekaigan-sthanakam poorva-japaan-rail-kampanee (jey. aar. east) ityanena sanchaalitam, japanadeshasya chibaa-nagarasya mihama-ku-nagare sthitam yaatrik-rail-sthaanakam asti. panktih. inaagekaigan-sthanakam tokyo-nagaraat keeyo-margena sevitam asti, tokyo-sthaanake margasya pashchim-terminus-taha 35.3 kilometer-doore asti. sthanakasya vinyaasah. oordhvasthaane paarshvadvayam mancham bhavati, teshaam madhye maargadwayam sevate, adhah sthanaka-bhavanam asti. sthaanake karmachaareeh asti. itihaasah. 1986 maarch 3 dinaanke asya sthanakasya udghaatanam abhavat. 1987 april 1 dinaanke jey. enn. aar. ityasya nijikarananantaram etat sthaanakam jey. aar. east-network madhye vileenam krutam. 2016 tame varshe jey. aar. easter-plyaatfaarm-madhye sthanaka-sankhyapravartita, inaagekaigan ityasmai sthanaka-sankhyaa jey15 iti niyuktaa. 2023 tame varshe jey. ee. 15 ityasya udghaatanena, kiyo-margasya adhah sthitaani sthanakebhyah pratyekam ekam sthanaka-sankhyaa nyunikrutam. evam, inaagekaigan ityasya sthanaka-sankhyaa jey16 punah niyuktah. yaatreeganaankah. 2019 tame varshe, pratidinam 21,716 yaatrikaah asya sthanakasya upayogah kurvanti sma.

inakaekaikan nilaiyam kilakku jappan rayilway niruvanatthaal (jr eest) iyakkappadum jappan sibaavil ulla mihama-kuuu endra idaththil amainthulla oru payanigal rayil nilaiyam aagum. koadugal. inakaekaikan nilaiyam tokyovilirunthu keyyoa paathaiyaal saevai seiyappadugirathu mattrum tokyo nilaiyaththil ulla paathaiyin maerku munaiyaththilirunthu 35.3 kilometer tholaivil ullathu. nilaiya amaippu. uyaramaana nilaiyam irandu pakka nadaimaedaigalaik kondullathu, avai idaiyil irandu thadangalai vazhangkukintrana, nilaiya kattidam keezhae ullathu. nilaiyam paniyaalarkalai kondullathu. varalaaru. inththa nilaiyam 3 maarch 1986 andru thirakkappattathu. 1987 aepral 1 andru jnr thaniyarmayamaakkappatta pinnar inththa nilaiyam jr kilakku netvorkkil inaikkappattathu. 2016 aam aandil jay. aarr kilakku iyangkuthalangkalil nilaiya enn arimugappaduththappattathu, inakaekaikanukku nilaiya enn jay15 odhukkappattathu. 2023 aam aandil thirakkappattavudan, keoo paathaiyil maelum keezhae ulla nilaiyangkal ovvondrum oru nilaiya ennaik kuraitthana. enavae, inakaekaikan nilaiya enn jay16 kku marupayanpaadu seiyappattathu. payanigal pullivivarangkal. 2019 nidhiyaandil, inththa nilaiyatthai thinamum saraasariyaaga 21,716 payanigal payanpaduththinar.

inegekaigan station thoorpu japan railway company (jr eest) dwara nirvahinchabadutunna idhi japaanlooni chibaloni mihama-kuu loe unna oka prayaaneekula railway station. linelu. inegekaigan stationku tokyo nundi keo line sevalu andistundi mariyu tokyo station vadda line yokka paschima terminus nundi 35.3 kilometres dhooramlo undhi. station layowoot. elevated stationlo rendu side platformlu unnaayi, vaati madhya rendu tracklu unnaayi, station bhavanam kinda undhi. stationlo sibbandi unnaaru. charitra. eee station 3 marchi 1986naa praarambhinchabadindi. 1987 april 1naa jnr praivaeteekarana taruvaata eee station jr eest networklo vileenam cheyabadindi. cheyabadindi juuniyar eest platfamlaku station numberingnu pravesapettaaru, inagekaiganku station number number ketayinchabadindi. ketayinchabadindi praarambhinchadamtho, keo lineloni stationlu marinta diguvaku okkokkati oka station nambarnu marchabaddayi. anduvalla, inagekaigan station number number nuu tirigi ketaayinchaaru. prayaaneekula ganaamkaalu. 2019 aardhika samvatsaramlo eee stationnu rojuku sagatuna 21,716 mandhi prayaanikulu upayoginchaaru.

anajkigan station yaha eek musafir railway station hay juu mahama-cow cheeba japaan mein waaqa hay jasay mashriqi japaan railway company (jay aar aist) chalati hay. linein. anajkigan station kuu tokiyo say kiyo line kay zariye khadmat farahim kii jaati hay aur yaha tokiyo station parr line kay maghrabi termins say 35.3 chlometer door hay. station kii tartib. elevated station duu side plait forms parr mushtamil hay juu inn kay darmiyan duu patriyon kii khadmat kartay haine jiss kay neechey station kii emarat hay. station parr emlah hay. tareekh. station 3 maarch 1986 kuu khola gayaa. 1 apreel 1987 kuu jay aine aar kii nijkari kay baad station kuu jay aar aist neet wark mein zam kirr liyaa gayaa. 2016 mein jay aar aist plait forms parr station numbering mutaarif karayee gayee thee jiss mein anajkigan kuu station number jay 15 tafviz kiyaa gayaa thaa. 2023 mein kay iftatah kay saath kiyo line parr mazeed neechey waalay stationon kuu eek station number say neechey muntaqil kirr diyaa gayaa thaa. iss tarah anajkigan kuu station number jay 16 dobarah tafviz kiyaa gayaa. musafiron kay aidaad woo shamaar. maali saal 2019 mein iss station kuu rozanah austa 21,716 musafir istemaal kartay thay.

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anspråk

anspråk Swedish. Etymology. From , related to , equivalent to . Compare , , .

unsprak suidix. byutpotti. poraa, xomporkito, xomotulyo. tulona korok,.

suidish bhasay. byutpatti. theke, somporkito, samatulya. tulna korun,.

asprack swedish. vyutpatti. thee, sambandhit, samkaksh. sarkhaamani karoo,.

swedish bhasha mein. vyutpatti. seey, sambandhit, key barabar. tulanaa karein,.

sprack sweedish. vyutpatti. ninda, sambandhita, samaana. holisi,.

ansprack sweedish. padavyuthpathishaasthram. ninnu, bandhapetta, thulyamaaya. thaarathamyam cheyyuka,.

sprack swedish. vyutpatti. pasoon, sambandhit, samatulya. tulana qaraa,.

aspreck swidis. wyutpatti. batt, sambandhit, barabar. tulana garnuhos,.

swidenara eka sprack. byutpatti. thaaru, sambandhita, saha samaana. tulana karantu,.

switzerland dey sanyukat raaj. shabdawali. toon, sabandhat, dey barabar. tulna crow,.

swedish-deshe. vyutpattih. taha, sambaddham, samatulyam. tulanam karotu,.

sweedan naattaich sernthavar. sorpirappiyal. irunthu, thodarpudaiyathu, samamaanathu. oppiduga,.

spruck swedish. vyutpatti. nundi, sambandhitamgaa, samanamga. polchandi,.

hispanvi. siftiyat. say mutaliqah kay masawi. mawaznah karein.

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Science and technology in the Soviet Union

Science and technology in the Soviet Union Overview of the role of science and technology in the Soviet Union Science and technology in the Soviet Union served as an important part of national politics, practices, and identity. From the time of Lenin until the dissolution of the USSR in the early 1990s, both science and technology were intimately linked to the ideology and practical functioning of the Soviet state, and were pursued along paths both similar and distinct from models in other countries. Many great scientists who worked in Imperial Russia, such as Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, continued work in the USSR and gave birth to Soviet science. The Soviet government made the development and advancement of science a national priority, emphasizing science at all levels of education and showering top scientists with honours. Very large numbers of engineers graduated every year. Soviet scientists won acclaim in several fields, marked by a highly developed pure science and innovation at the theoretical level, though interpretation and application fell short. They were at the cutting edge of science in fields such as mathematics and in several branches of physical science, notably theoretical nuclear physics, chemistry, and astronomy. The physical chemist and physicist Nikolay Semenov was the first Soviet citizen to win a Nobel Prize, in 1956 among several other Soviet Nobel Prize winners and the mathematician Sergei Novikov was the first Soviet citizen to win a Fields Medal in 1970 followed by Grigory Margulis in 1978 and Vladimir Drinfeld in 1990. Soviet technology was most highly developed in the fields of nuclear physics, where the arms race with the West convinced policy makers to set aside sufficient resources for research. Due to a crash program directed by Igor Kurchatov (based on spies of the Cambridge Five), the Soviet Union was the second nation to develop an atomic bomb, in 1949, four years after the United States. The Soviet Union detonated a hydrogen bomb in 1953, a mere ten months after the United States. Space exploration was also highly developed: in October 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, into orbit; in April 1961 a Soviet cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, became the first man in space. The Soviets maintained a strong space program until economic problems led to cutbacks in the 1980s. The Soviet Union also had more scientists and engineers, relative to the world population, than any other major country due to the strong levels of state support for scientific developments by the 1980s. Although the sciences were less rigorously censored than other fields such as art, there were several examples of suppression of ideas. In the most notorious, agronomist Trofim Lysenko refused to accept the chromosome theory of heredity usually accepted by modern genetics. Claiming his theories corresponded to Marxism, he managed to talk Joseph Stalin in 1948 into banning the practice and teaching of population genetics and several other related fields of biological research; however this decision was reversed in the 1960s. Cybernetics was also marginalised during the Stalinist period and received a hostile public campaign in 1951. Although, the discipline was rehabilitated during the post-Stalinist period from 1954 until 1959. Organization. Unlike some Western countries, most of the research work in the USSR was conducted not at universities, but at specially set up research institutes. The more prestigious of them were parts of the USSR Academy of Sciences; others were within the system of specialized academies, or the research arms of various government ministries. The core of fundamental science was the USSR Academy of Sciences, originally set up in 1925 and moved from Leningrad to Moscow in 1934. It consisted of 250 research institutes and 60,500 full-time researchers in 1987, a large percentage in the natural sciences such as biology. All of the union's republics except the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic had their own republican academies of science, while the Urals, Siberian, and Far Eastern regional branches of the academy coordinated fundamental science in Eastern Russia. Medical research was coordinated by the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (), which after 1992 was reorganized into the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (). Agricultural research was organized under the aegis of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the Soviet Union. Scientific Research Institutes (NII). A large part of research was conducted in "NII"s — "scientific research institutes" (). There have been a great number of NIIs, each specialized in a particular field. Ideological restrictions on science. Already in 1920s, certain fields of scientific research were labeled "bourgeois" and "idealist" by the Communist Party. All research, including natural sciences, was to be founded on the philosophy of dialectical materialism. Humanities and social sciences were additionally tested for strict accordance with historical materialism. After World War II, many scientists were forbidden from cooperation with foreign researchers. The scientific community of the Soviet Union became increasingly closed. In addition to that, the party continued declaring various new theories "pseudo-scientific". Genetics, pedology and psychotechnics were already banned in 1936 by a special decree of the Central Committee. On August 7, 1948, the V.I. Lenin Academy of Agricultural Sciences announced that from that point on Lamarckian inheritance, the theory that personality traits acquired during life are passed on to offspring, would be taught as "the only correct theory". Soviet scientists were forced to redact prior work, and even after this ideology, known as Lysenkoism, was demonstrated to be false, it took many years for criticism of it to become acceptable. After the 1960s, during the Khrushchev Thaw, a policy of liberalization of science was implemented, but the policy of Lysenkoism continued. Lysenkoism was officially renounced in 1964, after Leonid Brezhnev came to power. After Soviet collapse. At that time, because of rapid inflation and decline in government revenues, the scientific establishment lost much of its funding and stability for the first time since the 1920s. Salaries were not paid for months at a time, and research monies disappeared. International organizations offered aid programs to discourage emigration. In general, however, the Russian scientific community has been slow to recover from the political and economic shocks of the 1990s. Soviet Nobel Prize winners in science. The following Soviet scientists were recipients of a Nobel Prize. National Prizes. The most prestigious government prize awarded for achievements in science and technology was originally the Stalin Prize. After the death of Stalin, the Stalin Prize was renamed the USSR State Prize, and the new Lenin Prize became the top award. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> External links. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. – Soviet Union

sobhiyet xonghot bigyan aaru projukti sobhiyet unionor bigyan aaru projuktiye rastriyo rajneeti, onuxilon aaru porisoyor ek guruttopurno ongxo hisape kaam korisil. leninor xomoyor poraa 1990-ror doxokor aarombhonite ussror bhongo huwaloike, bigyan aaru projukti duyutai sobhiyet rastror aadorxo aaru byowoharik karzokolapor xoite ghonisthobhabe jorito aasil, aaru aan dexor aarhir poraa eke aaru prithok duyuta pothot onuxoron koraa hoisil. rasiyat kaam koraa bohu mohan bigyani, jene constantin siyulkuvoskiye ussrot kaam obyahot rakhisil aaru sobhiyet bigyanor jonmo disil. sobhiyet sorkare bigyanor bikax aaru ogrogotir uporot gurutwo aarup kori xikhyar xokolu storote bigyanor uporot gurutwo aarup kori aaru xirxo bigyanixokolok xonman prodan kori bigyanor bikax aaru ogrogotir uporot rastriyo ogradhikar prodan korisil. proti bosore bohu xongkhyok obhijontai snatok degree laabh kore. sobhiyet bigyanixokole keibatau khetrot proxongxa laabh korisil, tatwik porzayot ek uscho bikoxito bixudho bigyan aaru udbhawonor dwara sinhito hoisil, jodiu byakhya aaru proyug komm hoisil. gonitor dore khetrot aaru bhoutik bigyanor keibatau xakhat, bixexkoi tatwik parmanobik podartho bigyan, roxayon bigyan aaru jyotirbigyanor khetrot teuluke bigyanor xirxosthanot aasil. 1956 sonot aan keibajonu sobhiyet nubel botaa bijoyir bhitorot bhoutik roxayonobid aaru podartho bigyani nikule semenov nubel botaa laabh koraa prothom sobhiyet nagorik aasil aaru 1970 sonot fields podok laabh koraa prothom sobhiyet nagorik aasil gonitobid sargei novikov, taar pisot 1978 sonot griguri margulis aaru 1990 sonot vladimir drinfeld. sobhiyet projukti parmanobik podartho bigyanor khetrot ataitkoi unnot aasil, zo 'too poschimor xoite ostro protijugitat niti nirdharokxokole gowexonar baabe porzapto xompod prithok koriboloi biswax korisil. igur kursatobhor dwara nirdexito ek cress karzoxusir baabe (cambridge fivor surangsuwar uporot aadharito), sobhiyet union aamerika juktorastror chaari bosoror pisot 1949 sonot parmanobik buma prostut koraa dwitiyo dex aasil. aamerika juktorastror maatro doh maahor pisote 1953 sonot sobhiyet unione etaa hydro "zen buma bisfuron korisil. mohakax onwexonou oti unnot aasiloh 1957 sonor octobor maahot sobhiyet unione prothom kritrim upogroho sputnik 1 kokhyopotholoi utkhyepon korisil; 1961 sonor aprilot sobhiyet mohakaxsari eury gagorin mohakaxoloi juwa prothomjon manuh hoisil. 1980-ror doxokot orthonoitik xomosyar folot hraax nuhuwaloike subhiyetxokole ek xoktixali mohakax karzoxusi bojai rakhisil. 1980-ror doxokor bhitorot boigyanik unnoyonor baabe rastriyo xomorthonor xoktixali storor baabe sobhiyet unionot biswor jonoxongkhyar tulnat aan jikunu prodhan dexotkoi odhik bigyani aaru obhijontaxokol aasil. jodiu kolar dore onyanyo khetrotkoi bigyanburok komm kothurbhabe sensor koraa hoisil, dharonabur domon korar keibatau udahoron aasil. ataitkoi kukhyat krixi bigyani tro 'fim laisengkuwe xadharonote aadhunik geneticsor dwara grohon koraa bongxogot krom' jom totwo grohon koriboloi oswikar korisil. teur totwobur marxijomor xoite mill aase buli daabi kori, teu 1948 sonot juxef stallinor xoite jonoxongkhya genetics aaru joibik gowexonar aan keibatau xomporkito khyetror onuxilon aaru xikhyon nixidho koriboloi kotha patiboloi xokhyom hoisil; obosye 1960-ror doxokot ei xiddhantotu xoloni koraa hoisil. stelinist jugot cyberneticsou prantik koraa hoisil aaru 1951 sonot ek bidruhi rajohuwa prosar laabh korisil. jodiu 1954 sonor poroborti stelinist jugot 1959 sonoloike ei onuxaxon punoruddhar koraa hoisil. xongothon. kisuman poschimiya dexor biporite, eu. ess. ess. aar.-ror besibhag gowexona karjyo biswobidyaloyxomuhot nohoy, boroncho bixexbhabe sthapon koraa gowexona protisthanxomuhot koraa hoisil. iyare odhik xonmaniyo aasil ussr academy owo sciencesor ongxo; aanbur aasil bixex academy baa bibhinno sorkari montraloyor gowexona xakhar bhitorot. moulik bigyanor mool aasil 1925 sonot protistha koraa ussr academy owo sciences, aaru 1934 sonot ee leningrador poraa moskuloi sthanantorito hoisil. 1987 sonot iyat 250 gowexona protisthan aaru 60,500 john purnokalin gowexok aasil, ji jibobigyanor dore prakritik bigyanor ek brihot xotangxo. rasian sobhiyet federative xomajbadi gonorajyor baahire unionor xokolu gonorajyor nijoswo republican bigyan academy aasil, aanhate eural, cyberian aaru academyr duroborti pubo ancholik xakhabure pubo rasiyat moulik bigyanor xomonwoy xadhon korisil. sikitsa gowexonar xomonwoy xadhon korisil ussr academy owo medical science ()-e, jitu 1992 sonor pisot rasian academy owo medical science ()-too punor xongothito koraa hoisil. sobhiyet unionor ol-union academy owo agriculseral sayensor totwawodhanot krixi gowexonar aayujon koraa hoisil. boigyanik gowexona protisthan (eno. aai. aai.). gowexonar ek brihot ongxo "nii"-ror "boigyanik gowexona protisthan" () too onusthito koraa hoisil. protitute etaa nirdisto khetrot bixexotwo thoka brihot xongkhyok nii aase. bigyanor uporot aadorxogot ximabodhota. itimodhye 1920-ror doxokot communist dole boigyanik gowexonar kisuman khetrok "burjowa" aaru "aadorxobadi" buli obhihito korisil. prakritik bigyanoke dhori xokolu gowexona dwandik bostubador dorxonor uporot aadharito hoh "bob lagisil. oitihaxik bostubador xoite kothurbhabe khaap khuwar baabe manobbigyan aaru xamajik bigyanor otirikto porikhya koraa hoisil. dwitiyo biswojudhor pisot bohu bigyanik bidexi gowexokor xohojugitar poraa nixidho koraa hoisil. sobhiyet unionor boigyanik xomproday kromanwoye bondho hoi porisil. iyar uporiu doltuwe bibhinno notun totwo "sodmo-boigyanik" buli ghuxona kori thakil. 1936 sonot kendriyo xomitir ek bixex aadexot genetics, paded "lojee aaru monu-projukti nixidho koraa hoisil. 1948 sonor 7 aagostot bhi.moi. lenin krixi bigyan academye ghuxona korisil je xei xomoyor poraa lemarchian uttoradhikaror uporot, jiwankalot aahoron koraa byoktitwor boixistyobur xontanoloi preron koraa hoy buli totwotu "ekmatro xothik totwo" hisape xikuwa hoh 'bob. sobhiyet bigyanixokole purbor kambur xongxudhon koriboloi badhyo hoisil, aaru aanoki laisenkubad naamere jonajat ei aadorxotu misa buli promanito huwar pisotu, iyar xomaluchona grohonjugyo hoh 'boloi bohu bosor lagisil. 1960-ror doxokor pisot, krushwebh golonor xomoyot, bigyanor udarikoronor niti rupayan koraa hoisil, kintu laisengkubador niti obyahot aasil. 1964 sonot lenoid breznev khyomotaloi ohaar pisot laisenkubad anusthanikbhabe tyag koraa hoisil. subhiyetor potonor pisot. xei xomoyot drut mudrasfiti aaru sorkaror raajoh hraax huwar baabe 1920 sonor pisot prothombaror baabe boigyanik protisthane iyar puji aaru sthirotar besibhag heruwaisil. eke xomoyote maah maah dhori dormoha diya huwa nasil, aaru gowexonar dhon herai goisil. antohrastriyo xongsthaxomuhe probrojonok nirutxahito koriboloi xahajyo karzoxusir prostab disil. obosye xadharonote rasiyar boigyanik xomprodayoi 1990-ror doxokor rajnoitik aaru orthonoitik aaghator poraa punoruddhar korat monthorota dekhuwaise. bigyanor khetrot sobhiyet nubel botaa bijoyixokol. tolot ullekh koraa sobhiyet bigyanixokol nubel botaa laabh korisil. rastriyo botaa. bigyan aaru projuktir khetrot krititwor baabe prodan koraa ataitkoi xonmaniyo sorkari botaa aasil mulotoh stellin botaa. stallinor mrityur pisot stallin botar naam xoloni kori ussr rajyik botaa rokha hoy aaru notun lenin botatu xorbuscho botaa hoi pore. bahyik xongzug. - sobhiyet union

soviet unione bigyan oo prajukti soviet unione bigyan oo prajukti jatiya rajneeti, anushilan ebong porichoyer ekti guruttopurno ongsho hisabe kaaj korechilo. leniner somoy theke 1990-err doshoker godar dike eu. esha. esha. arr-err bilupti porjonto, bigyan oo prajukti ubhayi soviet rashtrer motadorsho oo byaboharik karjokaritar saathe ghonisthobhabe jukto chhilo ebong anyanno desher model theke ekoi ebong swatantra ubhoy pothei anusaran koraa hoyechilo. constantin siolkovskyr moto samrajyobadi russia kaaj koraa onek mohan bigyani ussr-ayee kaaj chaliye zaan ebong soviet bigyaner jonmo deena. soviet sarkar bigyaner unnayan oo oggrogotike jatiya agradhikar diyeche, shikkhar samasta store bigyaner upor jore diyeche ebong shirshosthaniyo bigyanider somman pradan koreche. proti bochor bipul sankhyak prakaushali snatok hohn. soviet bigyanira bivinno khettre proshongsha orjon korechen, tattik store atyanta unnoto bishuddho bigyan ebong udbhaban dwara chinnito, jodio byakhya ebong prayog qama porechilo. taaraa gonito ebong podarthobigganer bivinno shakha, bishesh korey tattik paromanobik podarthobiggan, rasayan ebong jyotirbigyaner moto khettre bigyaner shirshe chhilo. 1956 saale anyanno besh koyekjon soviet nobel vijayider modhye nicole semenov prothom soviet nagrik jini nobel puraskar jitechilen ebong ganitobid sargei novikov prothom soviet nagrik jini 1970 saale field podok jitechilen, tarpore 1978 saale grigory margulis ebong 1990 saale vladmir dreinfeld. soviet prajukti paromanobik podarthobigganer khettre sorbadhik unnoto chhilo, jekhane poschimer saathe ostro protijogita nitinirdharakder gobeshonar jonno porjapto sompod alada korey rakhte raji koriyeche. igor kurchatov porichalito ekti crash programer karone (cambridge fiver guptocharder upor vitti korey), soviet union markin juktorashtrer chaar bochor porey 1949 saale dwitiya desh hisabe paromanobik boma toiri korechilo. markin juktorashtrer matro dosho maas porr 1953 saale soviet union ekti hydrogen boma bishforon ghotay. mahakash anusandhano atyanta unnoto hoyechiloh 1957 saaler octobore soviet union prothom kritrim upogroho spootnik 1-keey kokkhopothe utkhepon korey; 1961 saaler aprile ekjon soviet mahakashchari, eury gagarin, mohakashe prothom manush hohn. 1980-err doshke orthonoitik samasyaguli hrass naa haoya porjonto sovietra ekti shaktishali mahakash karmasuchi bojay rekhechilo. 1980-err doshoker modhye boigyanik unnoyoner jonno shaktishali matra rashtriya somorthoner karone soviet unione bishwer jonosongkhar tulna onno jey konao borh desher tulna beshi bigyani oo prakaushali chhilo. jodio shilper moto anyanno khettrer tulna bigganke qama kathorbhabe censor koraa hoyechilo, tobuo dharonaguli domon korar besh koyekti udaharan chhilo. sabcheye kukhyato, krishi bigyani trophim laisenko sadharonoto adhunik genetics dwara grihito bongshogotir chromozome totto grohon korte aswikar korechilen. taanr tottoguli marksbader saathe samanjasyapurna boley daabi korey, tini 1948 saale josepha stalliner saathe jonosongkha genetics ebong joibik gobeshonar anyanno somporkito khetrogulir anushilan oo shikkha nishiddho korar kotha bolte sokkhom hohn; tobey 1960-err doshke eyi siddhantati biporito hoye yaay. stallinist juge cyberneticso prantik hoye porechilo ebong 1951 saale ekti protikul jonosadharoner procharona peyechilo. jodio, 1954 theke 1959 saal porjonto stallinist-poroborti somoye eyi srinkhala punarbahal koraa hoyechilo. sangathan. kichhu poschima desher moto noy, eu. esha. esha. arr-err beshirbhag gobeshona bishwobidyaloygulite noy, biseshbhabe protisthito gobeshona protisthangulite porichalito hoto. taader modhye arow morjadapurno chhilo eu. esha. esha. arr. bigyan academyr ongsho; onnora chhilo biseshayito academyr byabosthar modhye, baa bivinno sarkari montroker gobeshona shakhar modhye. moulik bigyaner mool chhilo eu. esha. esha. arr. bigyan academy, jaa mulat 1925 saale protisthito hoyechilo ebong 1934 saale etty leninrad theke moscote sthanantorito hoyechilo. etty 1987 saale 250tii gobeshona protisthan ebong 60,500 john purno-somoyer gobeshok niye gothito, jaa jibbigyaner moto prakritik bigyaner ekti borh shotangsho. russian soviet yuktarashtriya samajtantrik projatontro byatito unioner samasta projatontrer nijaswa bigyaner projatontrik academy chhilo, onnodike ural, cyberian ebong academyr sudur purbo anchalik shakhaguli purbo russia moulik bigyaner samanwaya korechilo. chikitsa gobeshonar samanwaya korechilo eu. esha. esha. arr. academy off medicale sciences (), jaa 1992 saaler porey russian academy off medicale sciencese () punargathan koraa hoyechilo. soviet unioner oll-union academy off agricultural scienceser tottabodhane krishi gobeshonar ayojan koraa hoyechilo. boigyanik gobeshona protisthan (enn. aaee. aaee). gobeshonar ekti borh ongsho "nii"-err-"boigyanik gobeshona protisthan"-ayee porichalito hoyechilo. prachur sankhyak niyi royeche, jaar prottektii ekti nirdishto khettre biseshoggo. bigyaner upor motadorshogoto simabaddhata. itimodhyei 1920-err doshke, boigyanik gobeshonar kichhu khettroke communist party "burjoa" ebong "adarshabadi" boley abhihito korechilo. prakritik bigyan soho samasta gobeshona dwandik bostubader dorshoner upor vitti korey protisthito hotey hobey. oitihasik bostubader sange kathorbhabe samanjasya rekhe manobik oo samajik bigyano porikkha koraa hoyechilo. dwitiya bishwojuddher porr onek bigyanike bideshi gobeshokder sahojogita theke nishiddho koraa hoy. soviet unioner boigyanik sampradai kromosh bondho hoye yaay. echhadao, dolti bivinno notun tottoke "chhoddo-boigyanik" ghoshana korte thaake. kendriya komitir ekti bishesh adesh dwara 1936 saale itimodhyei genetics, pedology ebong psychotechnics nishiddho koraa hoyechilo. 1948 saaler 7ee august, vee.aaee. krishi bigyaner lenin academy ghoshana korechilo jey seii somoy theke lamarchian uttoradhikarer upor, eyi tottoti jey jeeboner somoy arjito byaktitter baisishtaguli santander kachhe preron koraa hoy, "ekmatro sothik totto" hisabe shekhano hobey. soviet bigyanira purboborti kajguli sangshodhan korte badhyo hoyechilen ebong laisenkobad naame porichito eyi motadorshoti mithya boley promanito howar poreo, err samalochana grohonjoggo hotey onek bochor somoy legechilo. 1960-err doshoker porr, khrushev golanor somoy, bigyaner udarikaraner neeti bastobayito hoyechilo, kintu laisenkobader neeti abyahoto chhilo. 1964 saale lenoid breznev khomotai aasaar porr laisenkobad anusthanikbhabe porityag koraa hoy. soviet potoner porr. seii somoye, druto mudrasfiti ebong sarkari rajaswa hraser karone, 1920-err doshoker porr prothombarer moto boigyanik protisthanti taar beshirbhag tehbil ebong sthitishilota hariechilo. ekbare koyek maas dhorey beton deoa hoto naa ebong gobeshonar ortho hariye jeto. antorjatik sangosthaguli ovibasonke nirutsahito korar jonno sahayata karmasuchi pradan korechilo. tobey, sadharonbhabe, russian boigyanik sampradai 1990-err doshoker rajnaitik oo orthonoitik dhakka theke punoruddhar korte dheer gotite egiye geche. biggane soviet nobel puraskar vijayira. nimnolikhito soviet bigyanira nobel puroskarer prapok chhilen. jatiya puraskar. bigyan oo projuktite krititter jonno prodotto sabcheye morjadapurno sarkari puraskar chhilo mulat stallin puraskar. stalliner mrityur porr, stallin puroskarer naam poriborton korey eu. esha. esha. arr rajyo puraskar rakha hoy ebong notun leniner puraskar sheersho puraskar hoye othe. bahyik sangjog. - soviet union

soviyet sanghamaa vigyaan aneey technology soviyet sanghamaa vigyaan aneey takneekeeae raashtriy raajkaaran, prathaao aneey odakhnaa mahatvapurn bhaag tareeke sevaa aapee hatee. leninnaa samaythi samudaay daaykaani sharuaatmaa yuu. aesa. aesa. aar. naa visarjan sudhee, vigyaan aneey technology banne soviyet raajyani vichardhara aneey vyavhaaru kamgiri saathe gaadh reete jodaayela hataa, aneey anya deshona namunaothi samaan aneey alag banne margo parr anusarvaamaa aavtaa hataa. constantin tsiolkovsky jevaa shaahee russiama kaama karnara ghanaa mahaan vaignanikoae yuu. aesa. aesa. aar. maan kaama chaalu raakhyu aneey soviyet vignanne janm aapyo. soviyet sarkaare shikshana tamaam stare vigyaan parr bhaar mookyo aneey tochnaa vaignanikone sanmaan aapeene vignanna vikaas aneey pragatine raashtriy prathmikta aapee. darr varshe motee sankhyama ijnero snaatak thaay chhe. soviyet vaignanikoae ghanaa kshetroma prashansa melvee hatee, jeey saiddhaantik stare atyant vikaseet shuddh vigyaan aneey naveenta dwara chinhit thayel chhe, joke arthghatan aneey upyog ochho padyo hato. teo ganeet jevaa kshetroma aneey bhauteek vignanni ghanee shakhaoma, khaas kareene saiddhaantik parmaanu bhautikshastra, rasayanshastra aneey khagolshaastramaa vignanni adhyatan sthitima hataa. bhauteek rasaayanshaastri aneey bhautikshastri nikole semenov semenov anya ketlaak soviyet nobel puraskar vijetaao vachche nobel puraskar jitnaar pratham soviyet nagrik hataa aneey ganeetshastri sergei novikov novikov filled medala jitnaar pratham soviyet nagrik hataa, tyarbad tyarbad grigori margulis aneey aneey vladimir drinfeld hataa. soviyet technology parmaanu bhautikshastranaa kshetroma sauthee vadhu vikaseet hatee, jyaan pashchim saathe hathiyaaroni spardhae neetee ghadvaiyaone sanshodhan maate purtaa sansadhno alag raakhvaa maate sahmat karyaa hataa. igor kurchatov (cambridge fivena jasuso parr aadharit) dwara nirdeshit crash prograamne kaarane, soveeyat union union, united statesnaa chaar varsh pachhi, anoo bomb vikasavnar beejo desh hato. soviyet sanghe sanghe united statesnaa maatra dass maheena pachhi hydrogen bomb visfot karyo hato. avkaash sanshodhan pann khoob jaj vikaseet thayu hatuh october october soviyet sanghe pratham krutrim upgrah, spootnik 1neey bhramankakshama prakshepit karyo; april april soviyet avkashyatri, yuree gagarin, avkashma janaar pratham maanas banyaa. hato daykama aarthik samasyao ghataada taraf doree naa gaee tyaan sudhee soviyet sanghe majboot avkaash kaarykram jaalvi raakhyo hato. hato daaykaa sudhimaa vaignanik vikaas maate rajyano majboot teko hovaane kaarane soviyet sanghamaa vishwani vasteeni sarkhaamaniae anya koee pann motaa desh karataa vadhu vaignaniko aneey ijnero hataa. qalaa jevaa anya kshetroni sarkhaamanimaa vignanne ochhi kadak reete censor karvaamaa aavyu hatoo, tema chhataa vichaarona damanaa ghanaa udaaharano hataa. sauthee kukhyaat krushishastri trophim lisenko saamanya reete aadhunik aanuvanshikta dwara svikarvama aavtaa aanuvanshiktana rangsutra siddhaantne svikaarvaano incar karyo hato. temnaa siddhaanto marksvadne anuroop hovaano daavo kartaa, teo teo joseph stallin saathe vaat kareene vastee aanuvanshikta aneey jaivik sanshodhannaa anya ketlaak sambandhit kshetroni prathaa aneey shikshan parr pratibandh mukvaamaa safal rahyaa; jooe keey keey daykama aaa nirnayne ultavi devaamaa aavyo hato. stellinwadi samaygaalaa darmiyan cyberneticsne pann hansiyama dhakeli devaamaa aavyu hatoo aneey aneey tene pratikool jaaher abhiyaan malyun hatoo. joke, joke 1959 sudhinaa poosta-stellinwadi samaygaalaa darmiyan aaa shistnu punarvasan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. sanstha. ketlaak pashchimi deshothi vipareet, yuu. aesa. aesa. aar. maan motaabhaagnu sanshodhan kaary universityoma nahee, parantu khaas sthaapit sanshodhan sansthaoma haath dharvaamaa aavyu hatoo. temathi vadhu pratishthit yuu. aesa. aesa. aar. academy off sciencenaa bhaago hataa; anya vishisht akaadmeeo athavaa viveedh sarkari mantralayona sanshodhan haathnee vyavsthaamaa hataa. mulbhoot vignanno mukhya bhaag yuu. aesa. aesa. aar. academy off sciences hato, jenee sthaapnaa mulroope mulroope thaee hatee aneey aneey teey laningradthi mosko khasedvama aavee hatee. temaa temaa 250 sanshodhan sansthao aneey 60,500 purn-samaynaa sanshodhakono samaavesh thato hato, jeey jivvigyan jevaa koodarti vignanma motee takaavaari hatee. russian soviyet sangheey samajvadi prajasattak sivaaynaa sanghnaa tamaam prajasattako paase vignanni potaani prajasattak akaadmeeo hatee, jyaare akaadameeni ural, cyberian aneey door purveey praadeshik shaakhaoae purveey russiama mulbhoot vignannun sankalan karyoo hatoo. tabibi sanshodhannu sankalan yuu. aesa. aesa. aar. academy off medical sciences () dwara karvaamaa aavyu hatoo, jeey 1992 pachhi russian academy off medical sciences () maan punahsangathit karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. soviyet sanghnee krushee vignanni akheel sangh akaadaminaa nejaa hethal krushee sanshodhannu aayojan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. vaignanik sanshodhan sansthao (aena. aaee. aaee.). sanshodhanno moto hisso "aena. aaee. aaee. aesa.-" vaignanik sanshodhan sansthao "() maan haath dharvaamaa aavyo hato. tyaan motee sankhyama neeo chhe, darek chokkas kshetramaa nishnaat chhe. vigyaan parr vaichaarik pratibandho. pratibandho daykama jaj saamyavaadi paksh dwara vaignanik sanshodhannaa amuk kshetrone "burjua" aneey "aadarshvadi" tareeke odakhvaamaa aavyaa hataa. koodarti vigyaan saheet tamaam sanshodhan dialectical bhautikvaadnaa darshan parr aadharit thavaanu hatoo. aitihasik bhautikvaadnaa kadak paalan maate manavta aneey saamaajik vignannun pann parikshan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. beeja vishvyuddh pachhi, ghanaa vaignanikone videshi sanshodhako saathe sahkaar aapvaa parr pratibandh mukvaamaa aavyo hato. soviyet sanghano vaignanik samudaay vadhune vadhu bundh thaee gayo. teey upraant, pakshe viveedh navaa siddhaantone "banaavati-vaignanik" jaaher karvaanu chaalu raakhyu. aanuvanshikta, pedalogy aneey manochikitsa parr parr kendreey sameetina vishesh hukamnaamaa dwara pratibandh mukvaamaa aavyo hato. 7 august, august roj, vee.aaee. krushee vignanni lenin akaadmeeae jaaherat curry hatee keey lamarchian vaarsa parr teey samaythi, jeevan darmiyan praapt vyaktitvanaa lakshano santanma pasaar thaay chhe teey siddhaantne "ekmatra saacho siddhaant" tareeke shikhvavama aavashe. soviyet vaignanikone agaauna kaaryane sudhaarvaani faraj puddy hatee, aneey aaa vichardhara, jeey lisenkovad tareeke odakhaay chhe, teey khotee hovaanu darshavvama aavyaa pachhi pann, tenee teeka sveekarya thavama ghanaa varsho laagya hataa. 1960 naa daaykaa pachhi, khrushchev ogadvaa darmiyan, vignanna udarikaranni neetee laagu karvaamaa aavee hatee, parantu laisenkovadni neetee chaalu rahee hatee. lanoid brazenev sattama aavyaa pachhi pachhi laisenkovadno sattavaar reete tyaag karvaamaa aavyo hato. soviyet patan pachhi. teey samaye, zadpi fugaavo aneey sarkari aavakma ghatadane kaarane, vaignanik sansthaae 1920 pachhi pratham vakhat tenu motaabhaagnu bhandol aneey sthirtaa gumaavee hatee. aek samaye maheenao sudhee pagaar chukavvama aavto naa hato aneey sanshodhannaa naanaa gayab thaee gayaa hataa. aantarrashtriy sansthaoae sthalaantarne nirutsahit karvaa maate sahaay kaarykramo rajoo karyaa hataa. saamanya reete, joke, russian vaignanik samudaay samudaay daykana raajkeey aneey aarthik aanchkaomathi bahaar aavvama dheemo rahyo chhe. vignanma soviyet nobel puraskar vijetaao. neechena soviyet vaignanikone nobel puraskar malyo hato. raashtriy puraskaaro. vigyaan aneey taknikima seeddhio maate aapvama aavtu sauthee pratishthit sarkari puraskar mulroope stellin puraskar hato. stellinnaa mrutyu pachhi, stellin puraskaarnu naam badaline yuu. aesa. aesa. aar. raajy puraskar rakhvama aavyu hatoo aneey navoo lenin puraskar tochnu puraskar banyu hatoo. baahy links. - soviyet union

soviyat sangh mein vigyaan aur praudyogiki soviyat sangh mein vigyaan aur praudyogiki ney rashtriya rajneeti, prathaon aur pehchaan key ack mahatvapurna hisse key roop mein kaary kiya. 1990 key dashak kii shuruat mein yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. key vighatan taka, vigyaan aur praudyogiki donon soviyat raajya kii vichardhara aur vyaavhaarik karyapranali seey ghanishth roop seey judey hue they, aur anya deshon mein model seey samaan aur alag donon raaston parr aage badhe. kaee mahaan vaigyaanik jinhone shaahi roose mein kaam kiya, jaise kii constantin siyolkovsky ney ussr mein kaam jaari rakhaa aur soviyat vigyaan koo janm diyaa. soviyat sarkaar ney vigyaan key vikas aur pragati koo rashtriya prathamikta dee, shiksha key sabhi staron parr vigyaan parr jore diyaa aur sheersh vaigyaanikon koo sammaan diyaa. harr saal badee sankhya mein engineer snaatak hotey hain. soviyat vaigyaanikon ney kaee kshetron mein prashansa praapt kii, joe saiddhaantik star parr ack atyadhik vikasit shuddh vigyaan aur navachar dwara chihnit kiya gayaa, halanki vyakhya aur anuprayog cumm hoe gayaa. way ganit jaise kshetron mein aur bhautik vigyaan kii kaee shaakhaon mein, vishesh roop seey saiddhaantik paramanu bhautiki, rasayan vigyaan aur khagol vigyaan mein vigyaan key atyaadhunik star parr they. bhautik rasaayanagya aur bhautik vigyaani nikole semenov 1956 mein kaee anya soviyat nobel puraskar vijetaon key beach nobel puraskar jeetane vaale pahale soviyat nagrik they aur ganitshastri sergei novikov 1970 mein feeled padak jeetane vaale pahale soviyat nagrik they, isake baad 1978 mein grigori margulis aur 1990 mein vladmir drinfeld they. soviyat praudyogiki paramanu bhautiki key kshetron mein sabse adhik vikasit thee, jahaan paschim key saath hathiyaron kii daud ney neeti nirmaataon koo anusandhaan key liye paryaapt sansadhanon koo alag rakhane key liye aashvast kiya. igor kurchatov (cambridge five key jasuson parr adharit) dwara nirdeshit ack durghatana karyakram key kaaran, soviyat sangh sanyukt raajya america key chaar saal baad 1949 mein paramanu bumm vikasit karane vaalaa doosara rashtra thaa. soviyat sangh ney 1953 mein sanyukt raajya america key duss maheene baad ack hydrogen bumm visfot kiya. antariksh anveshan bhee atyadhik vikasit kiya gayaa thaah octuber 1957 mein soviyat sangh ney pahala kritrim upgrah, sputnik 1, koo kaksha mein launch kiya; aprail 1961 mein ack soviyat antariksh yatri, yuri gagarin, antariksh mein pahala aadami bunn gayaa. soviyat sangh ney 1980 key dashak mein aarthik samasyaon key kaaran katauti honey taka ack majboot antariksh karyakram banaae rakhaa. 1980 key dashak taka vaigyaanik vikas key liye raajya key samarthan key majboot star key kaaran soviyat sangh mein vishva kii aabaadi kii tulanaa mein adhik vaigyaanik aur engineer they. yadyapi vigyaan kalaa jaise anya kshetron kii tulanaa mein cumm kathorta seey sensor kiye gaye they, lekin vichaaron key daman key kaee udaaharan they. sabse kukhyaat, krishi vigyaani trophim laisenko ney aamtaur parr aadhunik aanuvanshiki dwara sweekaar kiye gaye aanuvanshikta key gunasutra siddhant koo sweekaar karane seey incar curr diyaa. apane siddhanton koo markswad seey mell khaane kaa daavaa karate hue, unhone 1948 mein joseph stallin seey jansankhya aanuvanshiki aur javic anusandhaan key kaee anya sambandhit kshetron key abhyaas aur shikshan parr pratibandh lagaane mein kamyabi hassil kii; haalaanki 1960 key dashak mein iss nirnay koo ulat diyaa gayaa thaa. stalinwadi kaal key dauran cybernetics koo bhee haashiye parr rakhaa gayaa thaa aur 1951 mein ack shatrutapurna saarvajanik abhiyaan praapt huaa thaa. haalaanki, 1954 seey 1959 taka post-stalinwadi avadhi key dauran anushasana kaa punarvaas kiya gayaa thaa. sangathan. kuchh paschimi deshon key vipareet, ussr mein adhikansh shodh kaary vishvavidyalayon mein naheen, balki vishesh roop seey sthaapit anusandhaan sansthanon mein kiya gayaa thaa. unamen seey adhik pratishthit ussr vigyaan akadami key hisse they; anya vishesh akadamiyon kii pranali key bheetar they, yaa vibhinn sarkari mantralayon kii shodh shaakhaaen theen. maulik vigyaan kaa mool yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. vigyaan akadami thee, joe mool roop seey 1925 mein sthaapit kii gaee thee aur 1934 mein yeh leninagrad seey mosco chully gaee thee. isamen 1987 mein 250 shodh sansthaan aur 60,500 purnakaalik shodhkarta shamil they, joe jeev vigyaan jaise praakritik vigyaan mein ack badaa pratishat thaa. russie soviyat sanghiya samajwadi ganarajya koo chhodkar sangh key sabhi ganrajyon kii vigyaan kii apani ganarajya akaadamiyaan theen, jabaki ural, cyberian aur akadami kii sudur purvi kshetriya shaakhaon ney purvi roose mein maulik vigyaan kaa samanvaya kiya. chikitsa anusandhaan kaa samanvaya ussr chikitsa vigyaan akadami (ussr) dwara kiya gayaa thaa, jise 1992 key baad russie chikitsa vigyaan akadami (ussr) mein punargathit kiya gayaa thaa. soviyat sangh kii akhil-sangh krishi vigyaan akadami key tatvavdhan mein krishi anusandhaan kaa ayojan kiya gayaa thaa. vaigyaanik anusandhaan sansthaan (aine. aaee. aaee.). shodh kaa ack badaa hissa "aine. aaee. aaee. aiss.-" vaigyaanik anusandhaan sansthanon "() mein aayojit kiya gayaa thaa. vahaan badee sankhya mein nee hain, jinamen seey pratyek ack vishesh kshetra mein visheshagyata praapt haye. vigyaan parr vaichaarik pratibandh. pahale seey hii 1920 key dashak mein, vaigyaanik anusandhaan key kuchh kshetron koo communist party dwara "poonjipati" aur "aadarshvaadi" kaa label diyaa gayaa thaa. praakritik vigyaan sahit sabhi shodhon kii sthaapana dwandwaatmak bhautikvaad key darshan parr kii jaani thee. manaviki aur samajik vigyaan kaa atirikt roop seey aitihaasik bhautikvaad key saath sakht anusaar pareekshan kiya gayaa thaa. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad, kaee vaigyaanikon koo videshi shodhkartaon key saath sahyog karane seey manaa curr diyaa gayaa thaa. soviyat sangh kaa vaigyaanik samudaay teji seey bund hoe gayaa. isake alawa, party ney vibhinn nae siddhanton koo "chhadm-vaigyaanik" ghoshit karna jaari rakhaa. aanuvanshiki, shiksha vigyaan aur manochikitsa parr pahale seey hii 1936 mein kendriya samiti key ack vishesh adesh dwara pratibandh lagaa diyaa gayaa thaa. 7 agast, 1948 koo, v.aaee. krishi vigyaan kii lenin akadami ney ghoshana kii kii usa bindu seey lammercan viraasat parr, yeh siddhant kii jeevan key dauran arjit vyaktitva lakshan santanon koo diye jaate hain, koo "ekmatra sahee siddhant" key roop mein padhaaya jaayega. soviyat vaigyaanikon koo poorv kaary koo phir seey karane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa, aur iss vichardhara key baad bhee, jise laisenkovad key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, ise galat saabit kiya gayaa thaa, isaki aalochana koo sweekarya honey mein kaee saal lugg gaye. 1960 key dashak key baad, khrushchev thou key dauran, vigyaan key udaarikaran kii neeti lagu kii gaee thee, lekin laisenkovad kii neeti jaari rahee. lenoid brejhanev key satta mein aaney key baad 1964 mein laisenkovad koo aadhikarik taur parr tyag diyaa gayaa thaa. soviyat sangh key patan key baad. usa samay, teji seey mudrasfeeti aur sarkari rajaswa mein girawat key kaaran, vaigyaanik pratishthaan ney 1920 key dashak key baad pahali baar apana bahut adhik dhana aur sthirata khou dee. ack samay mein maheenon taka vetan naheen diyaa jaataa thaa, aur shodh key paise gayab hoe jaate they. antarrashtriya sangathanon ney pravaas koo hatotsaahit karane key liye sahaayata karyakramon kii peshkash kii. halanki, samanya taur parr, russie vaigyaanik samudaay 1990 key dashak key raajneetik aur aarthik jhatakon seey ubarane mein dheema rhaa haye. vigyaan mein soviyat nobel puraskar vijeta. nimnalikhit soviyat vaigyaanikon koo nobel puraskar seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. rashtriya puraskar. vigyaan aur praudyogiki mein uplabdhiyon key liye diyaa jaane vaalaa sabse pratishthit sarkari puraskar mool roop seey stallin puraskar thaa. stallin kii mrityu key baad, stallin puraskar kaa naam badalkar ussr raajya puraskar curr diyaa gayaa aur nayaa lenin puraskar sheersh puraskar bunn gayaa. baahari link. - soviyat sangh

soviyat okkootadalli vignaana mattu tantragyaana soviyat okkootadalli vignaana mattu tantragyaanavu rashtriya rajakiya, acharanegalu mattu gurutina pramukha bhagavagi kaaryanirvahisitu. lenin kaaladinda 1990rahra dashakada aarambhadalli yuu. ess. ess. aarr. visarjaneyaguvavarege, vignaana mattu tantragyaana eradoo soviyat rajyada siddhaanta mattu prayogika kaaryachatuvatikeyondige nikata sambandha hondiddavu mattu itara deshagala maadarigaliginta holuva mattu vibhinnavaada maargagalalli anusarisalpattavu. constantine seolkovskiyantaha saamraajyashahi rashyaadalli kelasa maadida aneka mahan vignaanigalu ussrnalli kelasavannu munduvaresidaru mattu soviyat vignaanakke janma niididaru. soviyat sarkaaravu vignaanada abhivruddhi mattu pragatiyannu rashtriya aadyateyannagi maaditu, shikshanada ellah hantagalalli vignaanakke ottu needitu mattu unnata vignaanigalige gouravagalannu needitu. prati varsha hecchina sankhyeya enginiyargalu padavi padeyuttaare. soviyat vignaanigalu halavaaru kshetragalalli mecchugeyannu galisidaru, saiddhaantika mattadalli hecchu abhivruddhi hondida suddha vignaana mattu naaveenyateyinda gurutisalpattaru, aadaagyoo vyakhyana mattu anvayavu kadimeyaayitu. avaru ganitashaastradantaha kshetragalalli mattu bhautika vignaanada halavaaru shakhegalalli, visheshavaagi saiddhaantika paramanu bhautashastra, rasaayanashaastra mattu khagolashastradalli vignaanada unnata sthaanadalliruttiddaru. bhautika rasaayanashaastragna mattu bhautashaastragna nikole semenov 1956 ralli halavaaru itara soviyat nobel prashasti vijetaralli nobel prashastiyannu gedda modala soviyat nagarikaragiddaru mattu ganitashaastragna serge novikov 1970 ralli fields padakavannu gedda modala soviyat nagarikaragiddaru, nantara 1978 ralli grigori margulis mattu 1990 ralli vladymyr drinfeld. soviyat tantragyaanavu paramanu bhautashaastrada kshetragalalli hecchu abhivraddhigondittu, allie paschimadondigina shastrastra spardheyu neeti niroopakarannu samshoodhanegaagi saakashtu sampanmoolagalannu meesalidalu manavarike maaditu. igor kurchatov nirdeshisida crash prograamnindaagi (cambridge five goodhachaararannu aadhariside), soviyat okkootavu 1949 ralli, united statesna naalku varshagala nantara paramanu bambannu abhivraddhipadisida eradane raashtravaayitu. soviyat okkootavu 1953ralli, united statesna kevala hattu tingala nantara, hydrogen bomb annu spotisitu. bahyakasha parishoodhaneyoo saha hecchu abhivraddhigondituhu 1957rahra octobernalli soviyat okkootavu modala krutaka upagrahavaada sputnik 1 annu kakshege udaavane maaditu; 1961rahra aprilnalli soviyat gaganayatri yoori gagarin bahyakashakke hoda modala vyaktiyaadaru. 1980rahra dasakadalli arthika samasyegalu kaditakke karanavaguvavaregu soviyat balavaada bahyakasha kaaryakramavannu nirvahisitu. 1980rahra dashakada velege vaignaanika belavanigegalige balavaada mattada raajya bembaladindaagi, soviyat okkootavu vishvada janasankhyege holisidare, itara yaavude pramukha deshakkinta hecchu vignaanigalu mattu enginiyargalannu hondittu. kaleyantaha itara kshetragaliginta vignaanagalannu kadime kattunittaagi sensor maadalaagiddaru, vichaaragala nigrahakke halavaaru udaaharanegalive. atyanta kukhyaata, krishishaastragna trophim lysenko samanyavagi aadhunika talishaastradinda angikarisalpatta aanuvamshikateya varnatantu siddhaantavannu sweekarisalu nirakarisidaru. tanna siddhaantagalu marksvadakke anugunavagive endu helikonda aata, 1948ralli joseph stallin avarondige janasankhya talishastra mattu jaivika samshoodhaneya halavaaru sambandhita kshetragala abhyasa mattu bodhaneyannu nishedhisalu matanaduvalli yashasviyaadaru; aadaagyoo 1960rahra dasakadalli ee nirdhaaravannu hintirugisalaayitu. stallinist avadhiyalli cybernetics saha anchinallittu mattu 1951 ralli pratikoola saarvajanika abhiyaanavannu padeyitu. aadaagyoo, 1954 rinda 1959 ravaregina stallinist nantarada avadhiyalli ee shistannu punarvasatigolisalaayitu. samsthe. kelavu pashchimatya deshagaliginta bhinnavagi, yuu. ess. ess. aarr. nallina hecchina samshodhanaa kaaryagalannu vishvavidyaalayagalalli nadesuttiralilla, aadare visheshavaagi sthaapisalaada samshodhanaa samsthegalalli nadesalaaguttittu. avugalalli hecchu pratishtitavaadavu yuu. ess. ess. aarr. vignaana academy bhaagagalaagiddavu; itaravu vishesha akaademigala vyavastheyolagiddavu athawa vividha sarkari sachivaalayagala samshodhanaa vibhagagalolagiddavu. moolabhoota vignaanada kendrabinduvu yuu. ess. ess. aarr. vignaanagala akaademiyaagiddu, idannu moolatah 1925 ralli sthaapisalaayitu mattu 1934 ralli leningradninda maskoge sthalaantaragonditu. idu 1987 ralli 250 samshodhanaa samsthegalu mattu 60,500 purnakaalika samshoodhakarannu olagondittu, idu jivashaastradantaha naisargika vijnaanagalalli hecchina shekadaavaaru pramaanaddaagittu. rashyaada soviyat okkootada samajavadi ganaraajyavannu horatupadisi okkootada ellah ganarajyagalu tammade aada ganarajyada vignaana akaademigalannu hondiddare, academy ural, cyberian mattu doorada purva praadeshika shakhegalu purva rashyaadalli moolabhoota vignaanavannu samyojisidavu. vaidyakeeya samshoodhaneyannu yuu. ess. ess. aarr. academy off medical sciences (yuu. ess. ess. aarr. academy off medical sciences) samyojisitu, idannu 1992rahra nantara russian academy off medical sciences (yuu. ess. ess. aarr. academy off medical sciences) endu marusanghatisalaayitu. soviyat okkootada aall-union academy off agricultural sciencesna ashrayadalli krishi samshoodhaneyannu aayojisalaayitu. vaignaanika samshodhanaa samsthegalu (enn. aii. aii.). samshoodhaneya hecchina bhagavannu "enn. aii. aii" gala-"vaignaanika samshodhanaa samsthegalu" () nalli nadesalaayitu. hecchina sankhyeya nigalu ive, pratiyondoo nirdishta kshetradalli parinati padedive. vignaanada mele saiddhaantika nirbandhagalu. eegaagale 1920rahra dasakadalli, kelavu vaignaanika samshodhanaa kshetragalannu communist pakshavu "burjuwa" mattu "aadarshavaadi" endu hesarisitu. naisargika vignaanagalu seridante ellah samshoodhanegalu dvandvaatmaka bhautikavaadada tatvashaastrada mele aadhaaritavaagirabeku. manavika mattu samajika vignaanagalannu aitihaasika bhautikavaadakke kattunittaagi anugunavagi parikshisalaayitu. eradane mahayuddhada nantara, aneka vignaanigalu videshi samshoodhakara sahakaaravannu nisheedhisalaayitu. soviyat okkootada vaignaanika samudaayavu hecchu hecchu muchchalpattitu. idallade, pakshavu vividha hosa siddhaantagalannu "husi-vaignaanika" endu ghoshisuvudannu munduvarisitu. genetics, pedology mattu psychotechnics annu eegaagale 1936 ralli kendra samitiya vishesha aadeshada moolaka nisheedhisalaayitu. august 7,1948 randu, vii.aii. lenin academy off agricultural sciences, aaa hantadinda, lamarchian aanuvamshikateya mele, jeevanadalli padeda vyaktitvada gunalaksanagalannu santatige vargaayisalaaguttade emba siddhaantavannu "ekaika sariyaada siddhaanta" endu kalisalaaguttade endu ghoshisitu. soviyat vignaanigalu hindina krutiyannu parishkarisabekaayitu, mattu lysencoism endu kareyalpaduva ee siddhaantavu sullu endu saabitaada nantaravoo, adara tikeyu sweekaaraarhavaagalu aneka varshagalu bekayitu. 1960rahra dashakada nantara, khrushchev karaguvikeya samayadalli, vignaanada udaarikaranada nitiyannu jaarige taralaayitu, aadare lysenko tattvada nitiyu munduvariyitu. lenoid breznev adhikaarakke banda nantara 1964ralli laisenkovadavannu adhikrutavaagi tyajisalaayitu. soviyat okkootada patanada nantara. aaa samayadalli, tvarita hanadubbara mattu sarkaarada aadaayadallina kusitadindagi, 1920rahra dashakada nantara modala baarige vaignaanika samstheyu tanna hecchina hana mattu sthirateyannu kaledukonditu. ondu samayadalli tingalugattale sambalavannu nidalaguttiralilla mattu samshodhanaa hanavu kanmareyaayitu. antaaraashtriya samsthegalu valaseyannu nirutsaahagolisalu sahaaya kaaryakramagalannu niiduttiddavu. aadaagyoo, samanyavagi, rashyaada vaignaanika samudaayavu 1990rahra dashakada rajakiya mattu arthika aaghaatagalinda chetarisikollalu nidhaanavaagide. vijnaanadalli soviyat nobel prashasti vijetaru. ee kelagina soviyat vignaanigalu nobel prashastiyannu padedaru. rashtriya prashastigalu. vignaana mattu tantragyaanadallina sadhanegaligagi nidalaaguva atyanta pratishthita sarkari prashastiyu moolatah stallin prashastiyagittu. stallin avara maranada nantara, stallin prashastiyannu yuu. ess. ess. aarr. raajya prashasti endu marunamakarana maadalaayitu mattu hosa lenin prashastiyu atyunnata prashastiyaayitu. baahya samparkagalu. - soviyat okkoota

soviyatt unionile shaasthravum saankethikavidyayum soviyatt unionile shaasthravum saankethikavidyayum deseeya raashtreeyam, achaarangal, swathuam ennivayude oru pradhana bhaagamaayi pravarthichu. leninte kaalam muthal 1990kalude thudakkathil yuu. ezz. ezz. aarr pirichuvidunnathuvare, shaasthravum saankethikavidyayum soviyatt raashtrathinte prathyayashaasthravumaayum praayogika pravarthanavumaayum adutha bandhamullavayayirunnu, mattu raajyangalile maathrkakalil ninnu samaanavum vyathyasthavumaya paathakaliloode avaa pinthudarnnu. konstaantin seolkovskyeppolu saamraajyathva russiayil pravarthicha niravadhi mahanaaya shaasthranjar ussril pravartthanam thudarukayum soviyatt shaasthrathin janmam nalkukayum cheythu. vidyaabhyaasathinte ellah thalangalilum shaasthrathin oonnal nalkukayum unnatha shaasthranjarkku bahumathikal nalkukayum cheythukondu soviyatt sarkkar shaasthrathinte vikasanathinum purogathikkum deseeya munganana nalki. ellah varshavum dhaaraalam enchineeyarmaar birudam nedunnu. soviyatt shaasthranjar niravadhi mekhalakalil prashamsa nedi, saidhaanthika thalatthil valare vikasicha shudhamaaya shaasthravum naveekaranavum adayaalappeduthi, ennirunnaalum vyaakhyaanavum prayogavum kuravaayirunnu. ganithashaasthram, bhauthikashaasthrathinte niravadhi shaakhakal, prathyekichu saidhaanthika nuclear physics, rasathanthram, jyothishaasthram thudangiya mekhalakalil avar shaasthrathinte ettavum unnatha sthaanathaayirunnu. bhauthika rasathanthranjanum bhauthikashaasthranjanumaaya nikkole semenov 1956 ll nobal sammanam nediya aadyathe soviyatt pouranaayirunnu, mattu niravadhi soviyatt nobal sammana jethaakkalil ganithashaasthranjanaaya serji novikov 1970 ll fiields medel nediya aadyathe soviyatt pouranaayirunnu, thudarnnu 1978 ll grigori margulis, 1990 ll vladymyr drinfeld. soviyatt saankethikavidya ettavum kooduthal vikasichathu aanava bhauthikashaasthra mekhalakalilaanu, avide paashchaathyarumaayulla aayudha malsaram gaveshanathinu mathiyaya vibhavangal neekkivaykkaan nayaroopeekaranakkaare bodhyappedutthi. igor kurchattov (kembridge faivinte chaaranmare adisthaanamaakki) samvidaanam cheytha oru crash prograam kaaranam, 1949 ll, american ikyanaadukalkku naalu varshathinu sesham, aattam bomb vikasippicha randaamathe rajyamaayirunnu soviyatt union. american aikyanaadukal adhikaarathil vannu verum patthu maasangalkk sesham 1953ll soviyatt union oru hydrajan bomb pottitherichu. bahirakasha paryaveshanavum valareyadhikam vikasippikkappettu 1957 octoberil soviyatt union aadyathe krithrima upagrahamaaya sputnik 1 bhramanapathathilekku vikshepichu; 1961 eprilil soviyatt bahiraakaashayaathrikanaaya yoori gagarin bahiraakaashathe aadyathe manushyanaayi. 1980kalil saambathika prasnangal vettikkuravukalilekku nayikkunnathuvare soviyattukal sakthamaaya oru bahirakasha paripadi nilanirtthi. 1980kalode shaasthreeya vikasanagalkk sakthamaaya samsthaana pinthuna labhichathinaal soviyatt yooniyanil loka janasamkhyayumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol mattethoru pradhana raajyathekkaalum kooduthal shaasthranjarum enchineeyarmaarum undaayirunnu. kala polulla mattu mekhalakale apekshichu shaasthrangal karsanamaayi sensor cheythittillenkilum aashayangale adichamarthunnathinu niravadhi udaaharanangalund. ettavum kuprasidhanaaya kaarshikashaasthranjanaaya trophim lysengo aadhunika janithakashasthram saadhaaranayaayi amgeekarikkunna paarambaryatthinte chromosome sidhaantham sweekarikkaan visammathichu. thante sidhaanthangal maarksisavumaayi poruthappedunnuvennu avakaashappettukond, 1948 ll janasamkhyaa janithakashaasthrathinteyum mattu niravadhi anubandha jaiva gaveshana mekhalakaludeyum pariseelanavum adhyapanavum nirodhikkunnathinaayi joseph staalinodu samsarikkaan addehathinu kazhinju; ennirunnaalum 1960 kalil eee theerumaanam maatti. staalinist kaalaghattatthil cybernetics paarshwalkkarikkappedum 1951ll oru prathikoola pothu pracharanam sweekarikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, 1954 muthal 1959 vareyulla staalinist kaalaghattatthil eee achadakkam punaradhivasippikkappettu. samghadana. chila paashchaathya rajyangalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, yuu. ezz. ezz. aarile mikka gaveshana pravartthanangalum sarvakalaashaalakalilla, marichu prathyekamaayi sthaapicha gaveshana sthaapanangalilaanu nadathiyathu. avayil kooduthal abhimanakaramaayava yuu. ezz. ezz. aarr akkadami oof sayansasinte bhagangalaayirunnu; mattullava prathyeka akkaadamikalude samvidaanathilo vividha sarkkar manthraalayangalude gaveshana vibhaagangalilo aayirunnu. 1925ll sthaapithamaaya yuu. ezz. ezz. aarr akkadami oof sciences aayirunnu adisthaana shaasthrathinte kaathal, 1934ll leningradil ninnu moscoylake maari. athil 1987ll 250 gaveshana sthaapanangalum 60,500 muzhuvan samaya gaveshakarum ulppettirunnu, jeevashasthram polulla prakrithishaasthrangalil ithu valiyoru shathamaanamaayirunnu. russian soviyatt federative soshyalist republic ozhikeyulla ellah union republicukalkkum avarudethaaya republican akkaadamikal undaayirunnu, athesamayam academyude yuralukal, cyberian, vidoora kizhakkan praadeshika shaakhakal enniva kizhakkan russiayile adisthaana shaasthrathe ekopippichu. 1992 nuu sesham russian akkadami oof medical sciencesaayi punasamghadippicha ussr akkadami oof medical sciences (yuu. ezz. ezz. aarr. akkadami oof medical sciences) aanu medical gaveshanam ekopippichathu. soviyatt unionile ool-union akkadami oof agrikalcharal sayansasinte aabhimukhyathilaanu kaarshika gaveshanam samghadippichathu. shaasthra gaveshana sthaapanangal (enn. aii. aii). gaveshanathinte valiyoru bhagam "enn. aii. aii"-kalilaanu-"shaasthra gaveshana sthaapanangal" (). oronnum oru prathyeka mekhalayil vaidagdhyamulla dhaaraalam niikal undaayittund. shaasthrathinmelulla prathyayashaasthraparamaaya niyanthranangal. 1920kalilthanne, shaasthreeya gaveshanathinte chila mekhalakale communist party "boorshwas", "aadarshavaadikal" ennu mudrakuthi. prakrithishaasthrangal ulppedeyulla ellah gaveshanangalum vairudhya bhouthikavaadathinte thathwashaasthrathil adhishtithamaayirikkanam. charitraparamaaya bhauthikavaadathinu anusrithamaayi maanavikashaasthravum saamoohika shaasthravum koodi pareekshichu. randaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham niravadhi shaasthranjare videsha gaveshakarumaayi sahakarikkunnathil ninnu vilakkiyirunnu. soviyatt unionile shaasthra samooham kooduthal kooduthal adachupootti. athinupurame, party vividha puthiya sidhaanthangal "kapada-shaasthreeya" maayi prakhyaapikkunnath thudarnnu. janithakashasthram, pedology, cycotechnics enniva 1936ll kendrakammittiyude prathyeka utharaviloode nirodhichirunnu. 1948 august 7 nuu vii.aii. lamarchian anantharaavakaashathekkurachu aaa ghattam muthal, jeevithathil nediya vyakthithva savisheshathakal santhathikalkku kaimarunnu enna sidhaantham "oreyoru sariyaaya sidhaantham" aayi padippikkumennu lenin akkadami oof agrikalcharal sciences prakhyaapichu. munkaala pravartthanangal thiruthendivanna soviyatt shaasthranjar, lysencoism ennariyappedunna eee prathyayashaasthram thettaanenn theliyikkappettathinushethum athinekkurichulla vimarsanam sveekaaryamaakaan varshangalolam vendivannu. 1960-kalkk sesham, khrushchevu urukumbol, shaasthrathinte udaaravalkkarana nayam nadappaakkappettuvenkilum licencoisathinte nayam thudarnnu. lenoid breshnev adhikaarathil vannathinushesham 1964ll lysencoism audyogikamaayi upekshikkappettu. soviyatt yooniyante thakarchaykku sesham. akkaalat, druthagathiyilulla panapperuppavum sarkkar varumaanathile idivum kaaranam, 1920-kalkk sesham aadyamaayi shaasthra sthaapanathinu athinte dhanasahayavum sthirathayum nashtappettu. oru samayat maasangalolam shambalam nalkiyirunnilla, gaveshana panam aprathyakshamaayi. kudiyettam niruthsaahappeduthunnathi anthaaraashtra samghadanakal sahaaya paripaadikal vaagdaanam cheythu. ennirunnaalum, pothuve, russian shaasthra samooham 1990 kalile rashtreeya, saambathika aaghaathangalil ninnu karakayarunnathil mandagathiyilaanu. shaasthraramgathe soviyatt nobal sammana jethaakkal. thaazhepparayunna soviyatt shaasthranjarkku nobel sammanam labhichu. deseeya puraskaarangal. shaasthra saankethikavidyayile nettangalkku nalkunna ettavum abhimaanakaramaaya sarkkar sammanam yadhaarthathil staalin sammaanamaayirunnu. staalinte maranashesham staalin sammaanathe yuu. ezz. ezz. aarr samsthaana sammanam ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyukayum puthiya lenin sammanam ettavum uyarnna puraskaaramaayi maarukayum cheythu. baahya linkukal. soviyatt union

soviet unionmadhil vidnyan aanee tantradnyan soviet unionmadhil vidnyan aanee tantradnyanane rashtriy rajkaran, paddhati aanee olakh yancha eka mahattvacha bhag mhanoon kaam kele. leninchya kalapasoon 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatipasun yuu. ess. ess. aar. chya vighatanaparyant, vidnyan aanee tantradnyan heey donhi soviet rajyachi vichardhara aanee vyavharik karyapaddhati yanchyashi jawalun jodalele hote aanee itar deshantil modelspeksha samaan aanee vegale asha donhi marganvar tyancha pathpurava keela jaat hota. constantin tsiolokowski yanchyasarkhya shahee russiamadhye kaam karananya anek mahan shastradnyanni yu. ess. ess. aar. madhye kaam suru thewale aanee soviet vidnyanala janm deela. soviet sarkarne vidnyanacha vikas aanee pragatila rashtriy pradhanya dile, shikshanachya serve staranvar vidnyanavar bharr deela aanee sarvoch shastradnyanna sanman pradan kele. darvarshi mothya sankhyene abhiyante padvi prapt karatat. soviet shastradnyanni anek kshetranmadhye prashansa midavali, saiddhantik staravar atyant vikasit shuddha vidnyan aanee navkalpana yanni chinhankit kele, jaree arth aanee vapar qamee jhaala. teey ganeet aanee bhautik vidnyanachya anek shakhanmadhye, visheshtah saiddhantik anoo bhautikshastra, rasayanshastra aanee khagolshastra yasarkhya kshetranmadhye vidnyanachya agraganya staravar hote. 1956 madhye itar anek soviet nobel paritoshik vijetyanmadhye, bhautik rasayanshastradnya aanee bhautikshastradnya nikole semenov heey nobel paritoshik jinkanare pahile soviet nagrik hote aanee 1970 madhye feeled padak jinkanare ganitshastradnya sergei novikov heey pahile soviet nagrik hote, tyanantar 1978 madhye grigori margulis aanee 1990 madhye vladimir drinfeld hote. soviet tantradnyan heey anoo bhautikshastra kshetrat sarvadhik vikasit jhaale hote, jithe pashchimatya deshanshi shastrastranchya sharyatine dhorankartyanna sanshodhanasathi pureshi sansadhane bajula thevanyache patvoon dile. igor kurchatovne (paach cambridgechya heranvar aadharit) nirdeshit kelelya crash programmule, 1949 madhye, americanantar chaar varshanni, anubomb vikasit karnara soviet union haah dusra desh hota. soviet unionne 1953 madhye, americene hallah kelyanantar keval daha mahinyanni hydrogen bombcha sphot keela. antaral sanshodhan dekhil atyant vikasit jhaleh aktoobar 1957 madhye soviet unionne pahila krutrim upgrah, sputnik 1, kakshet prakshepit keela; april 1961 madhye eka soviet antaralvir, yoori gagarin, antaralat jaanara pahila manus banala. 1980 chya dashakat aarthik samasyanmule kapat hoiparyant soviet sanghane eka majboot antaral karyakram kayam thewala. 1980 chya dashkaparyant vaidnyanik vikasasathi rajyanchya bhakkam pathimbyamule, soviet unionmadhye jagatil itar konatyahi mothya deshapeksha loksankhyechya tulanet adhik shastradnya aanee abhiyante hote. jaree kalasarkhya itar kshetranchya tulanet vidnyanavar qamee kathorpane sensor kele gele asale, taree kalpana dadapanyachi anek udaharane hotee. sarvat kukhyat, krushishastradnya trophim lysenko yanni samanyatah aadhunik anuvanshashastrane swikarlela aanuvanshiktecha gunasutra siddhant swikaranyas nakar deela. tyanche siddhant marksvadashi sambandhit asalyacha dawa karat, 1948 madhye joseph stallin yanchyashi loksankhya anuvanshiki aanee jaivik sanshodhanachya itar anek sambandhit kshetranchya sarav aanee shikshanavar bandee ghalanyas teey yashasvi jhaale; tathapi 1960 chya dashakat haah nirnay ulatala gela. stallinist kalat cyberneticschehi upekshit karnyat aale hote aanee 1951 madhye tyala pratikool sarvajanik moheem midali. jaree, 1954 teey 1959 yaa stallinist-nantarchya kalat yaa shistiche punarvasan karnyat aale. sanghatana. kahee pashchatya deshanpramane, yuu. ess. ess. aar. madheel bahutansh sanshodhan karya vidyapithanmadhye navhe tarr visheshtah sthapan kelelya sanshodhan sansthanmadhye kele jaat asey. tyapaiki adhik pratishthit yu. ess. ess. aar. vidnyan akadamiche bhag hote; itar vishesh akadamichya pranalimadhye kinwa vividh sarkari mantralayanchya sanshodhan shakhanmadhye hote. moolbhut vidnyanacha gabha mhanje 1925 saalee sthapan jhaleli aanee 1934 saalee teey leningradmadhun moscola sthalantarit jhaleli yu. ess. ess. aar. vidnyan akadami hotee. tyat 1987 saalee 250 sanshodhan sanstha aanee 60,500 purnavel sanshodhak hote, jee jivshastrasarkhya naisargik vidnyanatil mothee takkewari hotee. russian soviet sangharajya samajvadi prajasattak vagalata sangharajyachya serve prajasattakanchya swatachya vidnyan prajasattak akadami hotya, tarr akadamichya ural, cyberian aanee sudur purvekadil pradeshik shakhanni purv rashiyatil moolbhut vidnyanache samanvay kele. vaidyakeey sanshodhanache samanvay yuu. ess. ess. aar. academy auph medical sciences () neey kele hote, jee 1992 nantar russian academy auph medical sciences () madhye punarrachit karnyat aalee. soviet unionchya aul-union academy auph agricultural scienceschya netrutvakhali krishi sanshodhan aayojit karnyat aale hote. vaidnyanik sanshodhan sanstha (aine. aay. aay.). sanshodhanacha motha bhag 'aine. aay. aay.'-'vaidnyanik sanshodhan sanstha' () madhye aayojit karnyat aala hota. niaaychi mothee sankhya aahe, pratyekjan eka vishisht kshetrat tadnya aahe. vidnyanavar vaicharik nirbandh. aadhich 1920 chya dashakat, vaidnyanik sanshodhanachya kahee kshetranna communist pakshane 'burjuva' aanee 'aadarshavadi' asey naav dile hote. naisargik vidnyanasah serve sanshodhan, dvandvatmak bhautikvadachya tattvadnyanavar aadharit asanar hote. aitihasik bhautikvadachya katekorpane palan karnyasathi manvyavidhya aanee samajik vidnyananchi atirikt chachani ghenyat aalee. dusya mahayuddhanantar, anek shastradnyanna paradeshi sanshodhkanshi sahkarya karnyas manai karnyat aalee. soviet unioncha vaidnyanik samuday adhikadhik bund hott gela. yashivay, pakshane vividh naveen siddhant 'chhadm-vaidnyanik' ghoshit karane suru thewale. kendriya samitichya vishesh aadeshadvare 1936 madhye anuvanshashastra, balvidnyan aanee manochikitsa yanvar aadhich bandee ghalanyat aalee hotee. 7 august 1948 roji, wii.aay. lenin academy auph agricultural sciencessne jaheer kele qee lamarkian varshavar tyaa tappyapasoon, aayushyat midavaleli vyaktimatva vaishishtye santatiparyant pohochavali jaatat haah siddhant, "ekmev yogya siddhant" mhanoon shikavala jaeel. soviet shastradnyanna purviche kaam durust karnyas bhag padale gele aanee lysenkovad mhanoon olakhali jaanari hii vichardhara khotee asalyache siddha jhalyanantarhi, tyavar teeka swikararh honyasathi anek varshe lagali. 1960 chya dashakapasun, khrushchev vitalanyachya kalat, vidnyanachya udarikaranache dhoran lagoo karnyat aale, parantu laisenkovadache dhoran chaloo rahile. lenoid brazenave sattevar aalyanantar 1964 madhye laisenkovad adhikrutpane sodoon denyat aala. soviet unionchya patananantar. tyaveli, vegwan chalanwadh aanee sarkari mahasulatil ghasaran yamule, 1920 chya dashakapasun prathamach vaidnyanik aasthapanane aapala barachsa nidhi aanee sthirata gamavali. eka velee kityek mahine pagar deela jaat navhata aanee sanshodhanache paise gayab jhaale. aantarrashtriy sanghatananni sthalantarala nirutsahit karnyasathi madat karyakram sadar kele. tathapi, sarvasadharanpane, russian vaidnyanik samuday 1990 chya dashkatil rajkiy aanee aarthik dhakkyanmadhun savarnyat santh rahila aahe. vidnyanatil soviet nobel paritoshik vijete. khaleel soviet shastradnyanna nobel puraskar midala. rashtriy puraskar. vidnyan aanee tantradnyanatil kamgirisathi denyat yenara sarvat pratishthit sarkari puraskar haah mulat stallin puraskar hota. stallinchya mrutyunantar, stallin puraskarache naav badaloon yuu. ess. ess. aar. rajya puraskar asey karnyat aale aanee naveen lenin puraskar haah sarvoch puraskar banala. bahya duve. - soviet union

sobhiyat sanghama vigyan rar prawidhi sobhiyat sanghama vigyan rar prawidhile rashtriya rajniti, abhyas rar pahichanko mahatwapurna bhagko rupma sewa sewa. leninko samayadekhi sann 1990 ko dashakko prarambhama yuesesarko wighatansamma, vigyan rar prawidhi duwai sobhiyat rajyako vichardhara rar wyawaharik karyasanga ghanishtha rupma jodieka thie, rar anya deshharuma modelharubhanda saman rar bhinna duwai margharuma pachhyaieka thie. constantine siyolkowski jasta shahi rasiyama kaam garne dherai mahan vaigyanikharule ussrma kaam jaari rakhe rar sobhiyat vigyanlai janma die. sobhiyat sarkarle shikshako sabai tahama vigyanlai jode dindai rar shirsha vaigyanikharulai samman pradan gardai vigyanko vikas rar pragatilai rashtriya prathamiktama rakheko thiyo. dherai sankhyama engineerharu pratyek warsha snatak hunchhan. sobhiyat vaigyanikharule dherai kshetraharuma prashansa jite, saidhantik starma atyadhik wiksit shudha vigyan rar nawaprawartandwara chihnit, yadyapi wyakhya rar anuprayog cum bhayo. tiniharu ganit jasta kshetraharuma rar bhautik vigyanka dherai shakhaharuma, vishesh gari saidhantik anawik bhautik vigyan, rasayan vigyan rar khagol vigyanma vigyanko atyadhunik starma thie. bhautik rasayanshastri rar bhautikashastri nikole semenov 1956 maa nobel puraskar jitne pahilo sobhiyat nagarik thie, anya dherai sobhiyat nobel puraskar vijetaharu madhye rar ganitashastri sargei nobhikobh 1970 maa field padak jitne pahilo sobhiyat nagarik thie tyasapachhi 1978 maa grigori margulis rar 1990 maa bhladimir drinfeld. sobhiyat prawidhi anawik bhautikashastrako kshetrama sabaibhanda uccha rupma wiksit bhaeko thiyo, jahaan pashchimasangko hatiyar daudale niti nirmataharulai anusandhanka lagi paryapta srotharu alag rakhna wishwasta banayo. igor kurchatobhdwara nirdeshit durghatana karyakramko karan (cambridge faibhaka jasusharuma adharit), sobhiyat sangha sanyukta rajya americako chaar warshapachhi 1949 maa anawik bumm vikas garne dosro rashtra thiyo. sobhiyat sanghale sanyukta rajya americako dash mahinapachhi sann 1953 maa hydrogen bumm wisfot gareko thiyo. antariksha anweshan pani atyadhik wiksit bhaeko thiyoh october 1957 maa sobhiyat sanghale pahilo kritrim upagraha, sputnik 1, kakshama prakshepan garyo; april 1961 maa ek sobhiyat antariksha yatri, yuri gagarin, antarikshama jaane pahilo manis bane. sann 1980 ko dashakma arthik samasyaharule katauti nagaresamma sobhiyatharule baliyo antariksha karyakram kayam rakhe. sann 1980 ko dashaksamma vaigyanik vikaska lagi rajyako baliyo starko samarthanka karan sobhiyat sanghama wishwako janasankhyako tulanama anya kunai pani pramukh deshko tulanama badhi vaigyanik rar engineerharu thie. yadyapi vigyanharu kala jasta anya kshetraharuko tulanama cum kathoratapurwak censor garieko thiyo, wicharharuko damanka dherai udaharanharu thie. sabaibhanda kukhyat, krishishastri trophim laisenkole anuwanshiktako chromosome siddhantalai swikar garna aswikar gare june samanyataya adhunik anuwanshikidwara swikar garieko thiyo. afno siddhantaharu markswadsanga mail khanchha bhani dabi gardai, unle sann 1948 maa josef stallinsanga janasankhya anuwanshiki rar jaivik anusandhanka anya dherai sambandhit kshetraharuko abhyas rar shikshama pratibandha lagauna safal bhae; yadyapi yo nirnaya sann 1960 ko dashakma ultaeko thiyo. stallinwadi awadhima cybernetics pani simantakrit bhaeko thiyo rar sann 1951 maa shatrutapurna sarvajanik abhiyan prapta bhayo. yadyapi, 1954 dekhi 1959 samma post-stallinwadi awadhima anushasanko punarwas garieko thiyo. sangathan. kehi paschimi deshharuko viparit, ussrma adhikansh anusandhan karya vishwavidyalayharuma hoina, tara vishesh rupma sthapit anusandhan sansthanharuma sanchalan garieko thiyo. tiniharumadhe adhik pratishthit ussr ekedemy aff scienceka bhagharu thie; anya vishesh ekedemiharuko pranali bhitra thie, wa vibhinna sarkari mantralayharuko anusandhan shakha. maulik vigyanko muel ussr ekedemy aff sines thiyo, june muel rupma 1925 maa sthapit bhaeko thiyo rar 1934 maa leningradbata maskoma sario. yasama sann 1987 maa 250 anusandhan sansthanharu rar 60,500 purna-samaya shodhkartaharu thie, jiwawigyan jasta prakritik vigyanharuma thulo pratishat. rusi sobhiyat sanghiya samajwadi ganatantra bahek sanghaka sabai ganatantraharuko afnai vigyanka ganatantra akadmiharu thie, jabki akadamika ural, cyberian rar sudur purvi khetriya shakhaharule purvi rasiyama maulik vigyanko samanwaya gare. chikitsa anusandhanlai ussr ekedemy aff medical sines () dwara samanwaya garieko thiyo, june 1992 pachhi rusi ekedemy aff medical sines () maa punargathit garieko thiyo. sobhiyat sanghako krishi vigyanko akhil-sangha akadamiko tatwawadhanma krishi anusandhan ayojana garieko thiyo. vaigyanik anusandhan sansthanharu (enn. ai.). anusandhanko thulo bhag "nii"-"vaigyanik anusandhan sansthanharu" () maa sanchalan garieko thiyo. tyahan dherai sankhyama nisharu chhan, pratyek ek vishesh kshetrama visheshagya chhan. vigyanma vaicharik pratibandhaharu. pahile nai 1920 ko dashakma, vaigyanik anusandhanka kehi kshetraharulai communist partyle "burjuwa" rar "adarshawadi" bhanera lebel gareko thiyo. prakritik vigyansahit sabai anusandhanharu dwandwatmak bhautikwadko darshanma adharit hune thiyo. manawiki rar samajik vigyanharu pani aitihasik bhautikwadko kada anusar parikshan gariyo. dosro vishwayuddhapachhi dherai vaigyanikharulai videshi anusandhankartaharusanga sahakarya garna nishedh garieko thiyo. sobhiyat sanghako vaigyanik samudaya badhdo rupma banda hundai gayo. yasabahek, partyle vibhinna nayan siddhantaharulai "chhadma-vaigyanik" ghoshana garna jaari rakhyo. genetics, pedology rar manochikitsa pahile nai sann 1936 maa kendriya samitiko vishesh adeshdwara pratibandhit garieko thiyo. august 7,1948 maa, v.mahm. krishi vigyanko lenin ekedemile ghoshana garyo kii lamarchian uttaradhikarma tyas bindubata, jiwanko samayama prapta wyaktitwa wisheshtaharu santanharuma hastantaran garinchha bhanne siddhantalai "ek matra sahi siddhanta" ko rupma sikainechha. sobhiyat vaigyanikharu pahileko kamlai punah sampadan garna badhya bhae, rar laisenkowad bhanera chinine yo vichardhara jhuto pramanit bhaepachi pani, yasako alochana swikarya huna dherai warsha lagyo. sann 1960 ko dashakpachhi, khruschebh galane kramama, vigyanko udarikaranko niti lagu gariyo, tara laisenkowadko niti jaari rahyo. lenoid brejhanebh sattama aepachhi sann 1964 maa laisenkowadlai adhikarik rupma tyagieko thiyo. sobhiyat patanpachhi. tyas samayama, tiwra mudrasfiti rar sarkari rajaswama girawatka karan, vaigyanik pratishthanle 1920 ko dashakpachhi pahilo patak afno dherai rakam rar sthirata gumaeko thiyo. ek patakma mahinaunsamma talab diiena, rar anusandhanko paisa gayab bhayo. antarrashtriya sansthaharule aprawasanlai nirutsahit garna sahayata karyakramharu prastawa gare. yadyapi, samanyataya, rusi vaigyanik samudaya sann 1990 ko dashakko rajnitik rar arthik aghatbata niko huna dhilo bhaeko chha. vigyanma sobhiyat nobel puraskar vijetaharu. nimna sobhiyat vaigyanikharu nobel puraskar praptakartaharu thie. rashtriya puraskar. vigyan rar prawidhima upalabdhiharuka lagi pradan garine sabaibhanda pratishthit sarkari puraskar muel rupma stallin puraskar thiyo. stallinko mrityupachhi, stallin puraskarko naam pariwartan gari ussr rajya puraskar rakhieko thiyo, rar nayan lenin puraskar shirsha puraskar banyo. bahya linkharu. sobhiyat sangha

sobhieta sanghare bigyana ebong prajukti sobhieta sanghare bigyana ebong prajukti jatiah rajneeti, abhyasa ebong parichaira eka gurutwapurna ansha bhabare karjya karithila . leninnka samajaru 1990 dashkar prarambhare jayu. ess. ess. aarr. rahr bighatana parjyanta, ubhaja bigyana ebong prajuktibidya sobhiet rajyara bicharadhara ebong byabaharika karjyakarita sahita ghanistha bhabare jadita thila, ebong anya deshar madelatharu samaana ebong bhinna pathare anusarana karajaithila . samrajyabadi rushiaare karjya karithiba aneka mahan baigyanika, jepariki constantin siolakovsky, jayu. ess. ess. aara. ray karjya jaari rakhithile ebong sobhieta bigyanaku janma deithile. sobhieta sarkar bigyanara bikash ebong pragatiku eka jatiah prathamikata pradan karithile, sikhyara samasta starare bigyana upare gurutwa deithile ebong shirsha baigyanikamananku sammana pradan karithile. pratibarsha bahu sankhyare engineer snataka hassel karithanti. sobhieta baigyanikamane aneka khetrare prashansa hassel karithile, jaahaa tatwika starare eka uccha bikashita shudha bigyana ebong nabasrujana dwara chinhita hoithila, jadio byakhya ebong prajoga comm hoithila . semane ganita ebong bhautika bigyanara aneka shakhare, bisesh curry tatwagata anabika padartha bigyana, rasayan bigyana ebong jyotirbigyana khetrare bigyanara sheershare thile. 1956 masihare anya aneka sobhieta nobel puraskara bijetanka madhyare, bhautika rasayan bigyani tatha padartha bigyani nikole semenov nobel puraskara jitibare pratham sobhieta nagarika thile ebong 1970 masihare field padaka jitibare pratham sobhieta nagarika thile, taa 'parey 1978 masihare grigori margulis ebong 1990 masihare bhladimir drinfeld. paramanu padartha bigyana khetrare sobhieta prajukti sarbadhika bikashita hoithila, jeunthare paschatya desagudika sahita astrashastra pratijogita neeti nirdharakamananku gabeshana paain parjyapta sambala alga rakhiba paain raaji karaithile. igora kurchatovnka nirdeshita eka krash karjyakram (cambridge five rahr guptacharanka upare aadharita) karanaru, sobhiet union dwiteeja desh thila jie 1949 ray, juktarastra americara chaari barsha parey, eka paramanu boma bikashita karithila . sobhieta sangha 1953 masihare, juktarastra america akramanara maatra dasha maasa parey, eka hydrogen boma bisphorana karithila. mahakash anusandhana madhya atyanta bikashita hoithilah october 1957 ray sobhieta union pratham krutrima upgraha, sputnik 1, kakhyapathare utakhyepana karithila; april 1961 ray jane sobhiet mahakashachari, yuri gagarin, mahakashare pratham manish hoithile . 1980 dashakare arthika samasya hrass paiba parjyanta sobhiet eka shaktishali mahakash karjyakram bajaiah rakhithila. 1980 dashaka suddha baigyanika bikash paain drudha starar rajya samarthan hetu sobhieta junianare biswa janasankhya tulanare anya kaunasi pramukh desh tulanare adhika baigyanika ebong engineer thile. jadio kalaa bhali anya khetra tulanare bigyanaku comm kathoratara saha censor karajaithila, tathapi bicharaku daman karibara aneka udaharana thila. sabutharu kukhyata, krushi bigyani trophim laisenko sadharanatah adhunika genetics dwara grahan karajaithiba banshagatira chromosome siddhantaku grahan karibaku manah karideithile. tankara siddhantagudika marxism sahita mela khauthiba daabi curry, shay 1948 ray joseph stalinanku janasankhya genetics ebong jaibika gabeshanara anyanya sambandheeah khetrara abhyasa ebong sikhyadanaku nishidha karibaku kahibare saphala hoithile; tathapi 1960 dashakare ehi nishpatti olata hoijaithila . stallinist samajare cybernetics madhya abahelita hoithila ebong 1951 ray eka shatrutapurna sarbajaneena abhijana grahan karithila. jadio, 1954 ru 1959 parjyanta stallinist parabarti samajare ehi shrunkhalara punaruddhara karajaithila . sangathana. keteka paschatya desh tulanare, jayu. ess. ess. aarr. ray adhikansha gabeshana karjya biswabidyalajare nuhen, barang swatantra bhabare sthapita gabeshana pratisthanare parichalita hoithila. semananka madhyaru adhika sammanajanaka jayu. ess. ess. aarr. ekademy off sciencesra anshabisesha thila; anyamane swatantra ekademy byabastha kimba bibhinna sarkari mantranalajara gabeshana shakha madhyare thile. moulika bigyanara moola thila jayu. ess. ess. aarr. ekademy off sciences, jaahaa moolatah 1925 ray sthapita hoithila ebong 1934 ray leningradaru maskoku sthanantarita hoithila. ethire 1987 ray 250 gabeshana pratisthana ebong 60,500 purnakalina gabeshaka thile, jaahaa jeebabigyana pari prakrutika bigyanare eka budd pratishata . rushiah sobhieta sangheeah samajabadi ganarajya byatita sanghara samasta ganarajyara nijaswa ganatantra bigyana ekademy thila, jetebele kii ekademira yural, cyberian ebong sudoora purba anchalika shakha purba rushiaare moulika bigyanara samanwaja karithile. daktari gabeshana jayu. ess. ess. aarr. ekademy off medical sines (jayu. ess. ess. aarr. ekademy off medical sines) dwara samanwita hoithila, jaahaa 1992 parey rushiah ekademy off medical sines (jayu. ess. ess. aarr. ekademy off medical sines) ray punargathita hoithila. sobhieta sanghara sarba-sangha krushi bigyana ekademy adheenare krushi gabeshana ayojan karajaithila. baigyanika gabeshana pratisthana (enn. aai. aai.). gabeshanara eka budd ansha "nii"-"baigyanika gabeshana pratisthana" () ray parichalita hoithila . aneka niai rahichanti, pratyeka gotie nirdista khetrare biseshatwa hassel karichanti. bigyana upare aadarsagata pratibandhaka. purbaru 1920 dashakare, baigyanika gabeshanara keteka khetraku communist party dwara "burjua" ebong "aadarshabadee" bolly chinhita karajaithila. prakrutika bigyana sameth samasta gabeshana dwanwika bhautikabada darshan upare aadharita hebara thila. aitihasika bhautikabada sahita kathore bhabare khap khuaiba paain manab bigyana ebong samajika bigyanaku madhya parikhya karajaithila. dwiteeja biswajudha parey, aneka baigyanikanku bideshi gabeshakanka sahajogaru barana karajaithila. sobhieta sanghara baigyanika samudai adhikaru adhika banda hoigala . ehaa byatita, dala bibhinna nutan siddhantaku "chhadma-baigyanika" ghoshana kariba jaari rakhithila. kendriah kamitira eka swatantra adesh dwara 1936 masihare genetics, pedology ebong psychotechnics upare pratibandhaka lagajaichi. august 7,1948 ray, bhi.aai. lenin ekademy off agricultural sines ghoshana karithila je lamarchian uttaradhikara upare sehi samajaru, zeeban samajare arjit byaktitwa baisistya santanamananku hastantarita hue bolly siddhantaku "ekamatra sathik siddhanta" bhabare sikhya diajiba. sobhieta baigyanikamane purba karjyaku sanshodhana karibaku badhya hoithile, ebong laisenkobada bhabare janashuna ehi bicharadhara mithya bolly pramanita heba parey madhya, ehara samalochana grahaniah hebaku aneka barsha lagila . 1960 dashaka parey, krushev taralaiba samajare, bigyanara udarikarana neeti karjyakaree karajaithila, kintu laisenkobada neeti jaari rahithila. lenoid brejaneva khyamataku asiba parey 1964 masihare laisenkobadaku aanusthanika bhabe parityaga karajaithila. sobhietara patana parey. sehi samajare, druta mudrasfeeti ebong sarkari rajasware hrass hetu, baigyanika pratisthana 1920 dashaka parey pratham thara paain ehara adhikansha panthi ebong sthirata haraithila . gotie samajare maasa maasa dhari darma diajaunathila, ebong gabeshana artha adrushya hoijaithila. prabaseemananku nirutsahita kariba paain antarjatija sangathanagudika sahajata caryacrumman pradan karithile. tebe, sadharanatah, rusher baigyanika samudai 1990 dashkar rajanaitika ebong arthika aghataru mukuliba paain manthara hoichhi. bigyanare sobhieta nobel puraskara bijeta. nimnalikhita sobhieta baigyanikamane nobel puraskara paithile. jatiah puraskara. bigyana ebong prajuktibidya khetrare saphalata paain pradan karajauthiba sabutharu sammanajanaka sarkari puraskara thila stallin puraskara. stalinnka mrutyu parey, stallin puraskarara naama paribartana curry jayu. ess. ess. aarr. rajya puraskara rakhajaithila, ebong nutan lenin puraskara shirsha puraskarare parinata hoithila. bahya linka. - sobhieta sangha

soviat union witch vigiaan atey technology soviat union witch vigiaan atey technology neey rashtari rajneeti, abhiaasan atey pachanh dey ikk mahattavpuran hisse vajon kamm keeta. lanin dey samein toon lae keey 1990 dey dahake dey arambh witch yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. dey bhang honn takk, vigiaan atey technology doven soviat raaj dee vichardhara atey vivharak karajpranali naal goodeh taur 'teey jude hoye sunn, atey dooje deshan dey maadlan toon samaan atey vakkhre dovan maargan naal agge vadh rahey sunn. bahut saare mahaan vigiaani jinhan neey shaahi roos witch kamm keeta, jiven kii constantin siolkovsky neey ussr witch kamm karna jaari rakkhiaa atey soviat vigiaan noon janam ditta. soviat sarkaar neey vigiaan dey vikas atey tarakki noon rashtari tarjih ditti, sikkhiaa dey saare padhran 'teey vigiaan' teey zor ditta atey choti dey vigiaaniaan noon sanman ditta. harr saal bahut vaddi ginti witch engineer graduate hunde hunn. soviat vigiaaniaan neey kaee khetran witch parshansa prapat keeti, joe sidhantak paddhar 'teey ikk ucch vikast shudh vigiaan atey navinata duaara chinhit haii, halanki viaakhiaa atey varton ghatt hoow gaee. uh ganit atey bhautik vigiaan deeaan kaee shakhavan, khaas karke sidhantak pramanu bhautik vigiaan, rasayan vigiaan atey khagol vigiaan varge khetran witch vigiaan dey sikhar 'teey sunn. bhautik rasayan vigiaani atey bhautik vigiaani nikole semenov 1956 witch nobal puraskar jittan vaale pahile soviat nagrik sunn, kaee horr soviat nobal puraskar jetuaan witch atey ganit shastari sargei novikov 1970 witch feeled maddle jittan vaale pahile soviat nagrik sunn, iss toon baad 1978 witch grigori margulis atey 1990 witch valadimir drienfeld sunn. soviat technology pramanu bhautik vigiaan dey khetran witch sabh toon vaddh vikast keeti gaee see, jitthe pachham naal hathiaaran dee daud neey neeti nirmatavan noon khoj laee lodinde sarot vakkh curran laee yakeen karvaiaa. igor kurchatov (cambridge panj dey jasusan 'teey adharat) duaara nirdeshit ikk crashes program dey caarn, soviat union sanyukat raaj toon chaar saal baad, 1949 witch ikk parmanu bumb vikast curran vaala dooja desh see. soviat union neey sanyukat raaj amrica dey dass mahiniaan baad 1953 witch ikk hydrogen bumb dhamaka keeta see. pulad khoj vee bahut vikast keeti gaee seeuuu aktubar 1957 witch soviat union neey pahila nakli upgrah, sputnik 1, noon chakkar witch lanch keeta; aprail 1961 witch ikk soviat pulad yaatari, yuri gagarin, pulad witch pahila manukh bann giaa. soviat sangh neey 1980 dey dahake witch aarthik samassiaavan witch katauti honn takk ikk mazboot pulad program kaaim rakkhiaa. 1980 dey dahake takk vigiaanak vikas laee raaj dey mazboot paddhar dey samarthan caarn soviat union cole vishav dee aabadi dey mukabale vadhere vigiaani atey engineer sunn. halanki vigiaan noon qalaa varge horr khetran dee tulna witch ghatt sakhti naal censor keeta giaa see, parr vicharan noon dabaun deeaan kaee udaharnan sunn. sabh toon badnam, khetibadi vigiaani trophim lysenco neey aam taur utte aadhunik genetics duaara savikar keete gaye vanshavali dey chromosome thioori noon savikar curran toon inkaar qarr ditta. ih daava karde hoye kii uss dey sidhant markswad naal mail khaande hunn, uh 1948 witch joseph stallin naal gall curran witch kamyab rahey atey aabadi genetics atey jaivik khoj dey kaee horr sabandhat khetran dey abhiaas atey sikkhiaa utte pabandi lagaa ditti; halanki 1960 dey dahake witch iss faisle noon ulta ditta giaa see. stalinvadi qaal dauran cybernetics noon vee hashiye 'teey paa ditta giaa see atey 1951 witch ikk virodhi jantak muhim prapat keeti gaee see. halanki, 1954 toon 1959 takk stalinvadi qaal toon baad anushasana daa punarvas keeta giaa see. sangathan. kujh pachmi deshan dey ulat, yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. witch ziaadaatar khoj kaaraj universityan witch naheen, balki vishesh taur 'teey sathapit khoj sansthavan witch keete gaye sunn. unhan vicchon vadhere pratishathit yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. academy aaf sciences dey hisse sunn; horr vishesh academyan dee pranali dey ander sunn, jaan vakkh-vakkh sarkari mantraliaan deeaan khoj shakhavan sunn. buniaadi vigiaan daa mool yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. academy aaf sciences see, joe asal witch 1925 witch sathapit keeti gaee see atey 1934 witch leningrad toon masco chalee gaee see. iss witch 1987 witch 250 khoj sansthavan atey 60,500 poore samein dey khojkarta shamal sunn, joe kii jeev vigiaan varge kudrati vigiaan witch ikk vaddi pratishatata see. russie soviat sanghi samajwadi ganraj noon chhadd keey union dey saare ganrajan deeaan aapniaan gantantrik academyan sunn, jadon kii academy deeaan yural, cyberian atey door purbi khetri shakhavan neey purbi roos witch buniaadi vigiaan daa talmel keeta. medical khoj daa talmel yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. academy aaf medical sciences () duaara keeta giaa see, jiss noon 1992 toon baad russie academy aaf medical sciences () witch punargathit keeta giaa see. khetibadi khoj soviat union dee khetibadi vigiaan dee aal-union academy dee sarprasti heth aayojit keeti gaee see. vigiaanak khoj sansthavan (ainn. aaee. aaee.). khoj daa ikk vadda hissa "ainn. aaee. aaee."-"vigiaanak khoj sansthavan" () witch keeta giaa see. bahut saare niaaiz hunn, jinhan vicchon harek ikk vishesh khetar witch mahr haii. vigiaan utte vichardharak pabandiaan. pahilan hii 1920 dey dahake witch, vigiaanak khoj dey kujh khetran noon communist party duaara "burjua" atey "aadarshvadi" daa label ditta giaa see. kudrati vigiaan samet saariaan khojan dee neenh duvalli bhautikvad dey falsafe utte rakkhi jaanhi see. manukhta atey smajik vigiaan daa vee itihasak bhautikvad dey anusar sakhti naal test keeta giaa see. dooje vishav yuddh toon baad, bahut saare vigiaaniaan noon videshi khojkartavan naal sahiyog curran toon roque ditta giaa see. soviat union daa vigiaanak bhaichara tezi naal bnd hoow giaa. iss toon ilava, party neey vakkh-vakkh navein sidhantan noon "nakli-vigiaanak" ghoshit karna jaari rakkhiaa. kendri kameti dey ikk vishesh ferman duaara 1936 witch genetics, pedology atey manovigiaan utte pahilan hii pabandi lagaa ditti gaee see. 7 agast, 1948 noon, v.I. khetibadi vigiaan dee lanin academy neey ailaan keeta kii uss bindu toon lamerchian virasat baare, ih sidhant kii jeevan dauran prapat keete shakhsiat dey lachhan santan noon ditte jaande hunn, noon "ikko ikk sahee sidhant" vajon sikhaiaa javega. soviat vigiaaniaan noon pahilan dey kamm noon sodhan laee majbur keeta giaa see, atey iss vichardhara, jiss noon lysenkovad vajon janhiaa jaanda haii, noon galat saabat curran toon baad vee, iss dee alochna noon savikar curran witch kaee saal lagg gaye. 1960 dey dahake toon baad, kharushchev pighlan dauran, vigiaan dey udarikaran dee neeti lagu keeti gaee see, parr laisenkovad dee neeti jaari rahee. lanoid breznev dey satta witch aaunn toon baad 1964 witch laisenkovad noon adhikarat taur 'teey tiaag ditta giaa see. soviat sangh dey patan toon baad. uss samein, tezi naal mahingai atey sarkari maaliye witch girawat dey caarn, vigiaanak sanstha neey 1920 dey dahake toon baad pahili vaar aapne bahut saare fund atey sathirta noon guaa ditta. ikk samein witch mahiniaan takk tankhahan naheen dittiaan jandiaan sunn, atey khoj dey paise gaib hoow jaande sunn. antarashtari sangathanan neey parvas noon nirutshahit curran laee sahaita programan dee peshkash keeti. aam taur utte, halanki, russie vigiaanak bhaichara 1990 dey dahake dey rajneetik atey aarthik jhatkiaan toon ubhran witch hauli riha haii. vigiaan witch soviat nobal puraskar jetu. heth likhe soviat vigiaani nobal puraskar prapat curran vaale sunn. rashtari puraskar. vigiaan atey technology witch prapatiaan laee ditta jaanh vaala sabh toon vakkari sarkari puraskar asal witch stallin puraskar see. stellin dee maut toon baad, stellin puraskar daa naam badal keey yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. raaj puraskar rakkhiaa giaa atey navaan lanin puraskar sikharla puraskar bann giaa. baahari link - soviat union

soviyat-sanghe vidnyaanam tathaa praudyogikeeh soviyat-sanghe vijnaana-praudyogikee-kshetraani cha rashtriya-rajanityaha, acharananam, parichayah cha mahattvapoornam bhaagam praavishan. lenin ityasya kalat 1990 tamasya dashakasy aarambhe yoo ess ess aar ityasya vighatanaparyantam vijnaana-praudyogikee-dwayoh cha sambandhah soviyat-rajyasya vicharadharaya vyaavahaarik-karyakarinya cha aasit, anyadeshanam pratirupanam samaan-bhinna-margayoho cha anusaranam jaatam. constantin siyolkovsky ityaadayah samrajyika-rashiyadeshe karyam kurwantah bahavah mahaanavidnyaani yoo ess ess aar madhye karyam nirantaram kurwantah soviyat-vidnyaanasya janma dattavantah. soviyat-sarwakaarah vidnyaanasya vikaasam, pragatim cha rashtriyaprathamikatam dattavaan, shikshayaha sarvastareshu vidnyaanasya mahattvam dattavaan, shirsha-vaidnyaanikaan sammanan cha pradadat. prativarsham bahusankhyakaah abhiyantaarah snaatakapadaveem praaptavantah. soviyat-deshasya vaidnyaanikaan anekeshu kshetreshu prashamsaam praaptavantah, ye saiddhaantik-stare atyantam vikasitena shuddha-vijnaanena navakalpanena cha lakshitah aasan, yadyapi vyaakhyaayaah prayogah cha alpaha abhavat. te ganiteshu, bhautikavidnyaanasya anekeshu shaakhaasu, visheshatah saiddhaamtika-paramaanu-bhautikashaastre, rasayanashastre, khagolashastre cha vidnyaanasya uttarottar-sthitau aasan. bhautika-rasaayanashaastradnyah bhautika-vidnyaanee cha nikole semenov ityayam 1956 tame varshe, anyeshu keshuchit soviyat-nobel-puraskaaravijetrushu, nobel-puraskaram praaptah prathamah soviyat-naagarikah aasit, ganitashaastradnyah sergei novikov ityeshah 1970 tame varshe fields-padakam praaptah prathamah soviyat-naagarikah aasit, tadanantaram 1978 tame varshe grigori margulis, 1990 tame varshe vladimir drinfeld cha. soviyat-tantrajnaanasya vikaasah paramanubhautikashastre atyantam abhavat, yatra pashchimadeshaih saha shastra-spardhayaha karanat nitinirmataraha anusandhanartham paryaaptam samsaadhanam pruthak sthaapayitum pratyoohan. igor kurchaatov ityanena nirdeshite kryaash-karyakramasya karanat (kembridge-panchasya gudacharanam aadhaaren), 1949 tame varshe, samyuktarajyamerikadesha chaturvarshaanantaram, paramaanu-bumb-nirmitah soviyat-sanghah dwiteeyah raashtrah aasit. soviyat-sanghah 1953 tame varshe samyuktarajyamerika-deshasya dashamasanantaram eva hadrogen-bama visphotanam krutavaan. antariksha-anveshanam api atyantam vikasitam aasith 1957 october-maase soviyat-sanghah prathamam krutrimam upagraham sputnik-1 kakshayam prakshepayt; 1961 april-maase soviyat-antariksha-yaatri yoori gagaarin iti antariksham gacchatah prathamah purushah abhavat. 1980 tame dashake aarthik-samasyaayaah karanena kshayah naa abhavat yaavat soviyat-deshah drudham antariksha-karyakramam niroodavaan. 1980 tamam dashakam yaavat vaidnyaanikavikaasaartham rajyasya samarthanam prabalam bhavati sma iti karanat, soviyat-sanghe vishva-janasankhyaayaah apekshayaa adhika-vaidnyaanik-abhiyantru-ganah api aasan. yadyapi kalaa ityadinam anyakshetranam apekshayaa vidnyaanaani nyunataya katoratayaa sensaraani aasan, tathaapi vichaaraanaam damanasya aneke udaaharanaani aasan. atyantam kukhyaatah krushi-shaastrajnah trophim laisenko, samanyataha aadhunik-aanuvamshikena sveekrutasya aanuvamshikataayaah kromosom-siddhaantam sweekartum niraakarot. swasya siddhantaha marksavadena saha sangatah iti pratipaadya, saha 1948 tame varshe joseph stallin ityanena saha janasankhyaa-aanuvamshikee-abhyasasya shikshanasy cha nishedham kartum tathaa jaivika-samshodhanasya anyeshu anekeshu sambadhakshetraanaam cha vishaye vaartaalaapam kartum samarthah abhavat; tathaapi 1960 tame dashake ayam nirnayah vyutkramitah. stellinist-kaale sabernatics api upekshitam aasit, 1951 tame varshe pratikoolam saarvajanikam abhiyanam avaapnot. yadyapi 1954 taha 1959 paryantam stellinist-uttarakale asya anushasanasya punarvasanam abhavat. samsthaa. keshuchit pashchatyadesheshu naa, yoo. ess. ess. aar. madhye adhikaamsham shodhakaryam naa vishvavidyaalayeshu, apitu visheshatayaa sthaapiteshu shodhasamsthaasu eva krutam. teshu adhikapratishtitaah yoo. ess. ess. aar. vijnaana-akadami ityasya bhagaha aasan; anye cha vishesha-akadami-vyavasthaayaah antargatah aasan, athavaa vividhaah sarvakaareey-mantralayanam shodha-shaakhaah aasan. moolatah 1925 tame varshe sthaapitam 1934 tame varshe leningrad-nagaraat maasko-nagaram prati sthanantaritam yoo. ess. ess. aar. vijnaana-akadami iti moolabhootavidnyaanasya kendrabindu aasit. 1987 tame varshe asmin 250 shodhasamsthaah, 60,500 poornakaalik-samshodhakaah cha aasan, jeevavidnyaanam ityadinam praakrutikavidnyaaneshu eshah ekaha pramukhah pratishatah aasit. russian-soviot-sangheey-samajavadi-ganarajyam vihaay sanghasya sarwaah ganarajyanam swakeeyaani ganarajya-vijnaana-akaadamayah aasan, aparam akadami-ityasya urals, sabirian, sudoor-poorva-praadeshika-shaakhaah cha poorva-rashiyadeshe moolabhoot-vidnyaanasya samanvayam krutavantah. chikitsaa-anusandhaanasya samanwayah yoo. ess. ess. aar.-akadami aaf-medical-sainsas () ityanena krutah, yat 1992 tame varshe russian-akadami aaf-medical-sainsas () iti punargatitam. soviyat-sanghasya akhila-sangha-krushi-vijnaana-akadami ityasya tatvaavadhaane krushi-anusandhaanah aayojitah aasit. vaidnyaanik-anusandhaana-samsthaanaani (ena. aaee.). ena. aii. aii. ess"-"vaidnyaanik-anusandhaana-samsthaanaani" () ityatra samshodhanaayaah ekaha vishaalah bhaagah sanchaalitah aasit. atra anekaani ni-yis-samsthah santi, pratyekam vishishtakshetre vishishtaah santi. vidnyaanasya vishaye vaichaarik-pratibandhaah. 1920 tame dashake eva, vaidnyaanik-shodhasya katipayakshetraani communist-pakshena "burjuvaa", "aadarshavaadi" iti cha iti mudritaah aasan. praakrutikavidnyaanaih saha sarve samshodhane, dwaipaakshika-bhautikavaadasya tatvajnaanasya adharaha bhavet iti aasit. maanavikavidnyaanam saamaajikavidnyaanam cha aitihaasika-bhautikavaadasya katoratayaa anuroopam parikshanam krutam. dwiteeyawishwayuddhaanar bahavah shaastrajnaah videsheey-samshodhakaih saha sahayogat vilambitaah abhavan. soviyat-sanghasya vaidnyaanik-samudayah adhikatayaa bandhitah abhavat. tadatiriktam, pakshah "chadma-vaidnyaanikam" iti vividhaani nutanasiddhantan ghoshayat. janukavidnyaanam, paadapawidnyaanam, mano-tantradnyaanam cha 1936 tame varshe kendriya-samityaah vishesha-adeshena poorvamev nishedhitaah aasan. 1948 august 7 dinaanke, vi.a. lenin-krushi-vijnaana-akadami, tatah param lamarchian-uttaradhikarasya vishaye, jeevanakaale praaptaani vyaktitva-lakshanani santatibhyah praapyante iti siddhantah "ekamaatrah yatharthah siddhantah" iti shikshyate iti ghoshayat. soviyat-deshasya vaidnyaanikaan poorvakaaryasya punarnirdhaaranam kartum baadhyavantah, lassencoism iti namna prasiddha eshaa vicharadhara mithyaa iti nirupita api, tasya vimarshah sveekaaryate chet bahu varshaani yaavat avadyata. 1960 tamaat dashakasy anantaram, krushchev-draveekaranasya samaye, vidnyaanasya udaareekaran-neetih pravartitaa, parantu laisenkovaadasya neetih avirata. 1964 tame varshe lenoid brezhnev ityasya sattayaha anantaram laisenkovaadah aadhikaarikaroopen parityaktah. soviyat-deshasya patananantaram. tasmin samaye, druta-mudraasfeeti-karanat, sarvakaareey-raajaswasya kshinatayaha cha karanat, 1920 tamaat dashakaat param prathamavaaram vaidnyaanik-samsthaayaah adhikaamsham dhanasya sthirataayaah cha haanih abhavat. maasebhyah maasaparyantam vetanam naa dattam, shodha-dhanam cha naa nivruttam. antaaraashtriyasansthah pravaasam nirutsaahitum sahayyakaryakraman pradaasyanti sma. parantu, samanyataha, 1990 tame dashake raajanaitik-aarthik-aghatat mukttum russian-vaidnyaanik-samudayah mandah abhavat. vidnyaanakshetre soviyat-deshasya nobel-puraskaaravijetaarah. nimnalikhitaani soviyat-vaidnyaanikaani nobel-puraskaarasy praaptavantah. rashtriyapuraskaraha. vijnaana-praudyogikee-kshetre upalabdhebhyah pradattah sarwaadhikah pratishtitah sarwakaareeyapuraskaarah moolatah stallin-puraskaarah aasit. stallin ityasya mrutyoho anantaram, stallin-puraskaarasy naam yoo. ess. ess. aar. rajya-puraskaarah iti punah namakaranam krutam, nootanah lenin-puraskaarah cha sarwochchah puraskaarah abhavat. baahya-samparkah. soviyat-sanghah

soviyath unionil ariviyal mattrum thozhilnutpam soviyath ontriyaththil ariviyal mattrum thozhilnutpam thaesiya arasiyal, nadaimuraigal mattrum adaiyaalaththin mukiya paguthiyaaga seyalpattathu. lenin kaalaththilirunthu 1990kalin murpaguthiyil yuu. ess. ess. aarr kalaikappadum varai, ariviyal mattrum thozhilnutpam irandum soviyath arasin siththaantham mattrum nadaimurai seyalpaattudan nerukkamaaga inaikkappattirunthana, maelum mattra naadugalil ulla maathirigalilirunthu oththa mattrum thaniththuvamaana paathaikalil pinpattrappattana. constantine sheolkovsky poantra pala maaperum vinjnaanigal aekaathipaththiya russiavil panipurinthanar, yuu. ess. ess. aaril thodarnthu paniyaattri soviyath ariviyalaip petrtreduththanar. soviyath arasaangkam ariviyalin valarchi mattrum munnaettraththai thaesiya munnurimaiyaaga maattriyathu, kalviyin anaitthu mattangkalilum ariviyalai valiyuruththiyathu mattrum uyarmatta vinjnaanigalukku gowravangalai valangkiyathu. ovvoru aandum aeraalamaana poriyaalarkal pattam perukiraarkal. soviyath vinjnaanigal pala thuraikalil paaraattukalaip pettranar, idhu koatpaattu mattaththil migavum valarntha thooya ariviyal mattrum kandupidippugalaal kurikkappattathu, iruppinum vilakkamum payanpaadum kuraivaaga irunththathu. kanitham mattrum iyarpiyal ariviyalin pala pirivugalil, kurippaaga koatpaattu anuu iyarpiyal, vaethiyiyal mattrum vaniel poantra thuraikalil avarkal ariviyalin athinaveena nilaiyil irunththanar. 1956 aam aandil pala soviyath noapal parisu ventravargalul, noapal parisai ventra muthal soviyath kudimagan nikole semenov aavaar, maelum kanidhaviyalaalar serji novikov 1970 aam aandil kazhap pathakkam ventra muthal soviyath kudimagan aavaar, adhaith thodarnthu 1978 ill grigori marculis mattrum 1990 ill vladhimir dinfeld aagiyoar. soviyath thozhilnutpam anuu iyarpiyal thuraikalil migavum athigamaaga valarnthathu, angku merkaththiya naadugaludanaana aayuthap poatti kolgai vaguppaalargalai aaraaychchikku poathumaana valangkalai odhukki vaika namba vaiththathu. ikoar gursadov iyakkiya oru seyalizhappu thittam kaaranamaaga (cambridge faivin ulavaaligalai adippadaiyaagak kondadhu), 1949 aam aandil, amerikkaavirku naanku aandugalukkup piragu, anuu kundai uruvaakkiya irandaavathu naadu soviyath ontriyam aagum. america vandhu paththu maathangkalukkup piragu, 1953ill soviyath ontriyam hydrajan kundai vedikkach seithathu. vinveli aaraaychchiyum migavum valarnthathu october 1957 ill soviyath ontriyam muthal seyarkai seyarkaikkolaana sputnik 1 aii suttruppaathaiyil seluththiyathu; aepral 1961 ill soviyath vinveli veerar yoori kagaarin vinveliyil sendra muthal manithar aanaar. 1980kazhil porulaathaarap pirachchanaikal kuraipukku vazhivagukkum varai soviyath oru valuvaana vinveli thittatthai paraamariththathu. 1980 kazhil ariviyal munnaettrangkalukku valuvaana alavilaana arasu aatharavu irunthathaal, soviyath unionil ulaga makkalthogaiyudan oppidugaiyil, vaeru endha periya naattaiyum vida athigamaana vinjnaanigal mattrum poriyaalarkal irunththanar. kalai poantra pira thuraikalai vida ariviyal kuraivaagavae thanikkai seiyappattirunthaalum, karutthukkalai adakkuvatharku pala eduththukkaattukal irunththana. migavum moasamaana, vaelaan vinjnaani trophim lysenco, podhuvaaga naveena marabiyalaal aetrtrukkollappatta marabuvazhi chromosome kootpaattai aerka marutthuvittaar. thanathu koatpaadugal maarksisaththudan oththiruppathaagak koori, 1948 aam aandil josaph stallinudon makkalthogai marabiyal mattrum uyiriyal aaraaychchiyin pala thodarpudaiya thuraikalin nadaimurai mattrum karpitthalai thadai seiya mudinthathu; iruppinum inththa mudivu 1960 kazhil maattrappattathu. cybernetics kooda stalinis kaalaththil oorangattappattathu mattrum 1951 ill oru viroathamaana podhu prachchaaraththaip pettrathu. iruppinum, 1954 muthal 1959 varai staalinisaththirkup pinththaiya kaalakattathil inththa ozhukkam punarvaazhvu seiyappattathu. amaippu. sila merkaththiya naadugalaip poalallaamal, yuu. ess. ess. aarr-ll perumpaalaana aaraaichi panikal palkalaikkazhagangkalil nadathappadavillai, aanaal visaeshamaaga amaikappatta aaraaichi niruvanangalil nadaththappattana. avattril migavum mathippumikkavai yuu. ess. ess. aarr ariviyal akaadamiyin paguthigalaakum; mattravai sirappu agaadamigal allathu palvaeru arasaangka amaichchagangkalin aaraaichi pirivugalukkul irunththana. adippadai ariviyalin maiyamaaga 1925 aam aandil niruvapatta yuu. ess. ess. aarr ariviyal akaadami irunththathu, idhu 1934 aam aandil leningraattilirunthu mascovukku maattrappattathu. idhu 1987 aam aandil 250 aaraaichi niruvanangalaiyum 60,500 mulunaera aaraaychchiyaalargalaiyum kondirundhadhu, idhu uyiriyal poantra iyarkai ariviyalil oru periya sathaveethamaagum. russia soviyath koottaatchi sosalisak kudiyarasaith thavira anaitthu ontriya kudiyarasugalum thangal sontha kudiyarasu ariviyal kalvikkoodangalaik kondirunthana, athae neraththil akaadamiyin yooralgal, cyperian mattrum tholaithoora kilakku piraanthiya kilaigal kilakku russiavil adippadai ariviyalai orunginaiththana. maruththuva aaraaichi yuu. ess. ess. aarr akaadami off medical sciences (yuu. ess. ess. aarr. akaadami off medical sciences) aall orunginaikkappattathu, idhu 1992 kkup piragu russia maruththuva ariviyal akaadami (yuu. ess. ess. aarr. akaadami off medical sciences) aaga maruseeramaikkappattathu. soviyath ontriyaththin anaitthu ontriya vaelaan ariviyal akaadamiyin aatharavin keezh vivasaaya aaraaichi aerpaadu seiyappattathu. ariviyal aaraaichi niruvanangal (iii). aaraaychchiyin perumbaguthi "III" kazhil nadaththappattathu-"ariviyal aaraaichi niruvanangal" (). oru kuripitta thuraiyil nibunaththuvam pettra aeraalamaana nikkal ullana. ariviyalil karutthiyal kattuppaadugal. aerkanavae 1920kazhil, ariviyal aaraaychchiyin sila thuraikal communist katchiyaal "muthalaaliththuva" mattrum "ilatchiyavaatham" endru mutthirai kutthappattana. iyarkai ariviyal udpada anaitthu aaraaychchigalum, paechchuvalakku porulmuthalvaaththin thaththuvaththin adippadaiyil niruvappada vaendum. varalaattru porulmuthalvaathaththirku inangka manithanaeyam mattrum samooga ariviyal koodudhalaaga soathikkappattana. irandaam ulagap poarukkup piragu, pala vinjnaanigal velinaattu aaraaychchiyaalargaludan oththulaikka thadai vithikkappattanar. soviyath ontriyaththin ariviyal samoogam perugiya muraiyil moodappattathu. athumattumallaamal, katchi palvaeru puthiya koatpaadugalai "poali ariviyal" endru thodarnthu ariviththathu. marabiyal, beedalaji mattrum ulaviyal thozhilnutpangal aerkanavae 1936 aam aandil matthiya kuzhuvin sirappu aanaiyal thadai seiyappattana. august 7,1948 andru, vii.aii. lenin vaelaan ariviyal akaadami, lamarchian parambarai kuriththa antha kattaththil irunthu, vaazhkkaiyin poathu perappatta aalumai panbugal santhathiyinarukku anuppappadugindrana endra koatpaadu, "oray sariyaana koatpaadu" endru karpikappadum endru ariviththathu. soviyath vinjnaanigal munththaiya padaippugalaith thiruththa vaendiya kattaayam aerpattathu, maelum lysencoism endru azhaikkappadum inththa siththaantham poiyaanathu endru niroopikkappatta piragum, adhu aetrtrukkollappaduvatharku pala aandugal pidiththana. 1960kalukkup piragu, krishchev karaippin poathu, ariviyalin tharalamayamakkal kolgai seyalpaduththappattathu, aanaal lysencoism kolgai thodarnthathu. lenoid prashnev aatchikku vantha piragu, 1964 aam aandil lysencoism athikaarappoorvamaaga kaividappattathu. soviyath veezhchchikkup piragu. antha neraththil, viraivaana panaveekkam mattrum arasaangka varuvaayil sarivu kaaranamaaga, ariviyal sthaabanam 1920 kalukkup piragu muthal muraiyaaga adhan nithiyaiyum sthiraththanmaiyaiyum ilanththathu. oru neraththil pala maathangkalaaka uuthiyam valangkappadavillai, maelum aaraaichi panamum kaanaamal poanathu. sarvadesa amaippugal kudiyaetraththai ookkappaduththa udhavi thittangalai vazhangkina. iruppinum, podhuvaaga, russia ariviyal samoogam 1990 kalin arasiyal mattrum porulaathaara athirchchigalilirunthu meendu varuvathil methuvaaka ullathu. soviyath noapal parisu ventravargal. pinvarum soviyath vinjnaanigal noapal parisaip pettranar. thaesiya viruthugal. ariviyal mattrum tholilnutpaththil saathanaigalaich seithatharkaaga valangkappatta migavum mathippumikka arasaangkap parisu muthalil stallin parisaagum. stallin maranaththirkup piragu, stallin parisu yuu. ess. ess. aarr maanila parisu endru marupeyaridappattathu, maelum puthiya lenin parisu sirantha viruthaaga maariyathu. veli inaippugal. - soviyath ontriyam

soviet unionlo sains und technology soviet unionlo sains und technology jaateeya rajakeeyaalu, paddhatulu mariyu gurtimpulo mukhyamaina bhaagamgaa panicheesaayi. lenin kaalam nundi 1990la praarambhamlo yuu. ess. ess. aarr raddu ayye varaku, shaastram mariyu saanketikata rendoo soviet rajyam yokka bhaavajaalam mariyu aacharanaatmaka panitiirutoe sannihitamgaa mudipadi unnaayi, mariyu itara deshaalalo namuunaala nundi saaruupya mariyu vibhina margallo anusarinchabaddaayi. constantine siyolkovsky vanti saamraajya russialo panichesina aneka mandhi goppa saastravettalu ussrlo panini konasaaginchaaru mariyu soviet vignaana saastraaniki janmanicchaaru. soviet prabhutvam vignaana shaastram yokka abhivruddhi mariyu purogatini jaateeya pradhaanyatagaa chesindi, vidya yokka anni sthaayilalo vignaana saastraaniki praadhaanyata ichindi mariyu agrashreni saastravettalaku gowravaalanu andinchindi. prati samvatsaram chaalaa pedda sankhyalo injaneerlu pattabhadrulavutaaru. soviet saastravettalu aneka rangaalalo prasamsalu andukunnaru, saiddhaantika sthaayilo atyanta abhivruddhi chendina swachchamaina vignaana shaastram mariyu aavishkaranalato gurtinchabaddaaru, ayithe vivarana mariyu anuvartanam takkuvagaa unnaayi. vaaru ganitam vanti rangaalalo mariyu bhouthika shaastram yokka aneka saakhalalo, mukhyamgaa saiddhaantika anhu bhouthika shaastram, rasayana shaastram mariyu khagola shaastram vanti rangaalalo vignaana saastramlo agrasthaanamlo unnaaru. bhouthika rasayana shaastravetta mariyu bhouthika shaastravetta nikole semenov 1956loe nobel bahumatini geluchukunna modati soviet pourudu, aneka itara soviet nobel bahumati vijaetalaloe mariyu ganita shaastravetta serge novikov 1970loe fields patakaanni geluchukunna modati soviet pourudu, taruvaata 1978loe grigori margulis mariyu 1990loe vladimir drinfeld. soviet saanketikata anhu bhouthika shaastra rangaalalo atyanta abhivruddhi chendindi, ikkada paaschaatya deshaalatho aayudha pootii vidhana roopakartalanu parisoedhana kosam taginanta vanarulanu ketayinchamani oppinchindi. igor kurchatov darsakatvam vahinchina crash programme kaaranamgaa (cambridge five guudachaarula aadhaaramgaa), 1949loe, united states naalugu samvatsaraala taruvaata, anhu bambunu abhivruddhi chesina rendava desham soviet union. soviet union 1953loe united states daadi chesina padhi nelala taruvaata hydrogen bambunu pelchivesindi. antariksha anveshana kooda baga abhivruddhi cheyabadindihi 1957 octoberulo soviet union modati krutrima upagraham sputnik 1nuu kakshyaloki prayoginchindi; 1961 eprillo soviet vyomagaami yoori gagarin antarikshamloki vellina modati vyakti ayyadu. 1980laloe aardhika samasyalu taggimpulaku daariteese varaku soviet luu balamaina antariksha karyakramanni konasaaginchaaru. 1980la natiki shaastreeya parinaamaalaku balamaina sthaayi rashtra maddatu kaaranamgaa soviet unionlo prapancha janaabhaato poliste ekkuva mandhi saastravettalu mariyu injaneerlu unnaaru. kala vanti itara rangaalato poliste saastraalu takkuva kathinamgaa sensor cheyabadinappatiki, aalochanalanu anachiveyadaaniki aneka udaaharanalu unnaayi. atyanta apakhyaati paalaina vyavasaya shaastravetta trophim lysenko saadhaaranamgaa aadhunika janyusaastram aamodinchina vamsapaaramparya chromosome siddhaantaanni angeekarinchadaaniki niraakarinchaaru. thana siddhaantaalu maarksijaaniki anugunamgaa unnayani paerkontuu, 1948loe joseph stallin thoo matladi janabha janyusaastram mariyu aneka itara sambandhita jeevasastra parisoedhanala abhyasam mariyu bodhananu nishedhinchagaligaadu; ayithe 1960laloe eee nirnayam tiragabadindi. cybernetics kooda stallinist kaalamlo attaduguna undedi mariyu 1951loe pratikuula praja pracharanni andukundi. ayithe, 1954 nundi 1959 varaku stallinist anantara kaalamlo eee kramasikshana punaruddharinchabadindi. samstha. konni paaschaatya deshaala maadirigaa kakunda, yuu. ess. ess. aarr. loe chaalaa varaku parisoedhanalu vishwavidyaalayaalalo kakunda, pratyaekamgaa erpaatu chesina parisoedhanaa samsthalalo nirvahinchabaddaayi. vaatilo marinta pratishtaatmakamainavi yuu. ess. ess. aarr. academy off scienceslo bhagalu; marikonni pratyeka akaadameela vyavasthalo ledhaa vividha prabhutva mantritva saakhala parisoedhanaa vibhagalalo undevi. praathamika shaastram yokka pradhana amsam 1925loe sthaapinchabadina yuu. ess. ess. aarr. academy off sciences, 1934loe leningrad nundi mascoku maarindi. indulo 1987loe 250 parisoedhanaa samsthalu mariyu 60,500 puurti samayam parisoedhakulu unnaaru, jeevasaastram vanti sahaja saastraalalo idhi pedda saatam. russian soviet federative soshalistu republic minaha union yokka anni republiclaku vaari swantha republican academy off sains unnaayi, ayithe academy yokka urals, cyberian mariyu suduura thoorpu praantiiya saakhalu thoorpu russialo praathamika saastraanni samanvayam chesaayi. vaidya parisoedhananu yuu. ess. ess. aarr. academy off medical sciences () samanvayam chesindi, idhi 1992 taruvaata russian academy off medical sciences () gaa punarvyavastheekarinchabadindi. soviet union yokka aall-union academy off agricultural sciences aadhvaryamlo vyavasaya parisoedhana nirvahinchabadindi. shaastreeya parisoedhanaa samsthalu (nii). parisoedhanaloo ekkuva bhaagam "nii" luu-"shaastreeya parisoedhanaa samsthalu" () loe nirvahinchabadindi. pedda sankhyalo nees unnaayi, prati okkati oka nirdishta rangamlo pratyekata kaligi unnaayi. vignaana saastrampai saiddhaantika parimitulu. appatike 1920laloe, konni shaastreeya parisoedhanala rangaalanu communistu party "burjuwa" mariyu "aadarsavaadi" gaa mudra vesindi. sahaja saastraalatoe sahaa anni parisoedhanalu maandalika bhouthikavaadam yokka tatvasaastram meeda sthaapinchabadaali. chaaritraka bhouthikavaadaaniki khachitamgaa anugunamgaa maanaveeya saastraalu mariyu saamaajika saastraalu kooda pareekshinchabaddaayi. rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata, chaalaa mandhi saastravettalu videshee parisoedhakulatoe sahakarinchakundaa nishedhinchabaddaaru. soviet union yokka shaastreeya samajam marintagaa moosiveyabadindi. daaniki thodu, party vividha kotta siddhaantaalanu "nakilee shaastreeya" gaa prakatinchadam konasaaginchindi. janyusaastram, pedology mariyu psychotechnics ippatike 1936loe kendra kamitee pratyeka uttarvu dwara nishedhinchabaddaayi. augustu 7,1948naa, vii.ii. lenin academy off agricultural sciences aaa samayam nundi lamarchian vaarasatvampai, jeevitamlo pondina vyaktitva lakshanaalu santaanaaniki sankramistaayane siddhaantam "ekaika saraina siddhaantam" gaa bodhinchabadutundani prakatinchindi. soviet saastravettalu munupati panini savarinchavalasi vachindi, mariyu lysencoism anie piluvabade eee bhaavajaalam abaddhamani niroopinchabadina taruvaata kooda, daani meeda vimarsalu aamodayogyamgaa maaradaaniki chaalaa samvatsaraalu pattindi. 1960la taruvaata, krishchev kariginche samayamlo, vignaana shaastra saralikarana vidhanam amalu cheyabadindi, conny lysencoism vidhanam konasaagindi. lenoid breznev adhikaaramloki vacchina taruvaata 1964loe lysencoism adhikarikamga thyajinchabadindi. soviet patanam taruvaata. aaa samayamlo, vegavantamaina dravyolbanam mariyu prabhutva aadaayaala ksheenata kaaranamgaa, shaastreeya samstha 1920la taruvaata modatisaarigaa daani nidhulu mariyu sthirathvaanni kolpoyindi. nelarojula paatu jeetaalu chellinchabadakapovadam valla parisoedhana dabbu poyindi. valasadaarulanu nirutsaahaparachadaaniki antarjaateeya samsthalu sahaya kaaryakramaalanu andinchaayi. ayithe, saadhaaranamgaa, russian shaastreeya samajam 1990lalooni raajakeeya, aardhika shackla nundi kolukovadamlo nemmadigaa undhi. vignaana saastramlo soviet nobel bahumati vijaetalu. eee krindi soviet saastravettalu nobel bahumati graheetalu. jaateeya puraskaralu. sains und technologylo saadhinchina vijayalaku pradaanam cheyabadina atyanta pratishtaatmaka prabhutva bahumati modata stallin bahumati. stallin maranam taruvaata, stallin bahumatini yuu. ess. ess. aarr. rashtra bahumatigaa paeru marcharu, kotta lenin bahumati agra puraskaramga maarindi. bahya linkulu. soviet union

soweet union mein science aur technology soweet union mein science aur technology nay qomi seyasat tareeqon aur shanakhat kay eek aham hasay kay toor parr kaam kiyaa. lenan kay zamanay say lay kirr 1990 kii dahayi kay awail mein yuu aiss aiss aar kay tehlil honay takk science aur technology donon soweet riyasat kay nazariye aur emli kaam kaaj say gehra taaluq rakhtay thay aur dosray mamalik kay models say miltay jaltay aur alg donon raaston parr chaltay thay. shaahi roos mein kaam karnay waalay behat say azeem sciencedanon jeesay counstantan seolocovsky nay yuu aiss aiss aar mein kaam jaari rakhaa aur soweet science kuu janam diyaa. soweet hukumat nay science kii tarqi aur tarqi kuu qomi tarjih banaya taleem kii harr satah parr science parr zoor diyaa aur aalee sciencedanon kuu aizazat say nawaza. engineers kii behat bury taadad harr saal faarig hoti hay. soweet sciencedanon nay kayee shoabon mein tareef haasil kii jiss kii nishandahi nazaryati satah parr intehayi tarqi yaaftah khaalis science aur akhtaraa say hoyee halankah tashrih aur itlaaq kumm how gayaa. wah riyaazi jeesay shoabon mein aur physical science kii kayee shakhon khaas toor parr nazaryati nuclear physics chemistry aur falkiyaat mein science kay jadeed tareen darjay parr thay. physical chemist aur tabiyat daan neekolay seminof 1956 mein nobal anaam jeetnay waalay pehley soweet shehri thay kayee deegar soweet nobal anaam yaaftah afraad mein aur riyaazi daan sargi novkof 1970 mein feld medal jeetnay waalay pehley soweet shehri thay iss kay baad 1978 mein gregori margulus aur 1990 mein waladimeer drainfeld thay. soweet technology johri tabiyat kay shoabon mein sabb say ziyadah tarqi yaaftah thee jehaan maghrab kay saath hathiyaron kii dodh nay palisi saazon kuu tehqeeq kay liye kaafi wasail mukhtas karnay parr raazi kiyaa. aaigor karchatof kay eek karesh prograam kii wajah say (camberge faiyo kay jasuson parr mubni)yee soweet union america kay chaar saal baad 1949 mein attom bumm tayaar karnay waali dosri qoom thee. soweet union nay 1953 mein america kay mahaz duss maah baad hydrogen bumm phainka. khalayi tehqeeq bhee behat tarqi yaaftah thee: aktobar 1957 mein soweet union nay pehla masnuyi seyarah spotank 1yee madaar mein rawanah kiyaa. apreel 1961 mein eek soweet khalabaz youri gagrine khalaa mein jaanay waala pehla ansaan bunn gayaa. soweton nay 1980 kii dahayi mein maashi masail kay khaatime takk eek mazboot khalayi prograam barqarar rakhaa. 1980 kii dahayi takk sciency paish raft kay liye riyasati himayat kii mazboot satah kii wajah say soweet union mein duniya kii aabadi kay muqabilay mein kasee bhee dosray baday milk kay muqabilay mein ziyadah sciencedan aur engineer thay. agarcha fanoon latifah jeesay deegar shoabon kay muqabilay mein aloom kuu kumm sakhti say sansar kiyaa gayaa thaa leakin khayalat kuu dabanay kii kayee misalein mojud thein. sabb say badnaam zamanah zarayi maahir trophum lesenko nay maurusi kay chromosome theori kuu qabool karnay say ankaar kirr diyaa jasay aam toor parr jadeed jinyaat nay qabool kiyaa hay. yaha daawi kartay hoay kahh inn kay nazaryaat marksiat say mutabiqat rakhtay haine wah 1948 mein jozaf stallin say aabadi jinyaat aur hayatiyati tehqeeq kay kayee deegar mutaliqah shoabon kii mashq aur tadris parr pabandi laganay mein kamiyab how gayey vovo tahim 1960 kii dahayi mein iss faislay kuu alt diyaa gayaa. stalnist door mein cybernatics kuu bhee pasmandah kirr diyaa gayaa thaa aur 1951 mein asay eek dushmanana awami muham milly thee. halankah 1954 say 1959 takk stalenist kay baad kay door mein iss nazam woo zabt kii bahaali kii gayee thee. tanzim. kachh maghrabi mamalik kay barakas yuu aiss aiss aar mein ziyadah tarr tehqiqi kaam universityon mein nahein balkah khaas toor parr qayem kardah tehqiqi idaaron mein kiyaa jaataa thaa. inn mein say ziyadah bawaqar yuu aiss aiss aar academy aaf sciences kay hasay thay vovo deegar khususi academiyon kay nazaam yaa mukhtalif sarkaari wazaraton kay tehqiqi bazoon kay andar thay. bunyadi science kaa bunyadi markaz yuu aiss aiss aar academy aaf sciences thaa juu asl mein 1925 mein qayem hoyee aur 1934 mein lenan graad say maasko muntaqil hoyee. yaha 1987 mein 250 tehqiqi idaaron aur 60,500 kill waqti mohqaqeen parr mushtamil thee juu kahh hayatiyat jeesay qadarti aloom mein eek bury faisad thee. rosee soweet wafaqi ishteraki jamhuria kay elawah union kii tamaam jamhuria kii apnee jamhuria kii academian thein jabkah youral cyberian aur academy kii door mashriqi elaqayi shakhon nay mashriqi roos mein bunyadi science kuu marbut kiyaa. tabee tehqeeq kuu yuu aiss aiss aar academy aaf medical sciences (yuu aiss aiss aar academy aaf medical sciences) nay marbut kiyaa jasay 1992 kay baad rosee academy aaf medical sciences (yuu aiss aiss aar academy aaf medical sciences) mein dobarah manzam kiyaa gayaa. zarayi tehqeeq kaa ahtamam soweet union kii aal union academy aaf agrecultural sciences kay zirahatmam kiyaa gayaa thaa. sciency tehqiqi idaarey (aine aayee aayee). tehqeeq kaa eek badaa hasah "aine aayee aayee"-"sciency tehqiqi idaaron" () mein kiyaa gayaa. neeyon kii eek bury taadad rahee hay harr eek eek makhsus shobay mein maharat rakhta hay. science parr nazaryati pabandiyan. pehley hyee 1920 kii dahayi mein sciency tehqeeq kay kachh shoabon kuu communist paarti nay "borzwa" aur "idelist" kaa naam diyaa thaa. qadarti aloom sameet tamaam tahqiqon kii bunyaad jadliyati maadiyat kay falsafe parr rakhee jaanee thee. humanities aur soshal sciences kaa bhee tarikhi maadiyat kay mutabiq sakht tajarbah kiyaa gayaa. dosri jung azeem kay baad behat say sciencedanon kuu ghair milki mohqaqeen kay saath taawan karnay say manaa kirr diyaa gayaa. soweet union kii sciency baradari teezi say bund how gayee. iss kay alawah paarti nay mukhtalif nayey nazaryaat "farzi sciency" kaa aalaan jaari rakhaa. jinyaat pedology aur cycoticonics parr pehley hyee 1936 mein markazi committy kay eek khususi farmaan kay zariye pabandi aayed kirr dee gayee thee. 7 agast 1948 cow v.I. lenan academy aaf agrecultural sciences nay aalaan kiyaa kahh iss waqat say lamarki warasat parr yaha nazariyah kahh zindagi kay doraan haasil kardah shaqsiyat kii khaslatein aulaad mein muntaqil hoti haine "waahid darsat nazariyah" kay toor parr padhaya jaaye gaa. soweet sciencedanon kuu pehley kay kaam kuu darsat karnay parr majbur kiyaa gayaa aur iss nazariye kay jasay lysencosum kay naam say jaana jaataa hay jhootay saabat honay kay baad bhee iss parr tanqeed kuu qaabil qabool honay mein kayee saal lagay. 1960 kii dahayi kay baad kharushif pighalnay kay doraan science kii liberalisation kii palisi naafiz kii gayee leakin lesnkozam kii palisi jaari rahee. lenoid breznof kay iqtedar mein aaney kay baad 1964 mein lesenkozam kuu bazabtah toor parr turk kirr diyaa gayaa. soweet zawal kay baad. iss waqat teez raftaar afraat zarr aur sarkaari aamadni mein kamee kii wajah say sciency stablishment nay 1920 kii dahayi kay baad pehli baar apnee ziyadah tarr funding aur istehkaam khoo diyaa. eek waqat mein maheenon takk tankhwahein adaa nahein kii jaati thein aur tehqiqi raqam ghaib how jaati thee. beenn alaqwami tanzimon nay hijrat kii huslah shakni kay liye amdadi prograam paish kiye. tahim aam toor parr rosee sciency baradari 1990 kii dahayi kay seyasi aur maashi jhatakon say nikalnay mein sast rahee hay. science mein soweet nobal anaam yaaftah. mandarjah zeel soweet sciencedanon kuu nobal anaam say nawaza gayaa. qomi anaamaat. science aur technology mein kamyabiyon kay liye diyaa jaanay waala sabb say bawaqar sarkaari anaam asl mein stallin anaam thaa. stallin kii moth kay baad stallin anaam kaa naam badal kirr yuu aiss aiss aar riyasati anaam rakh diyaa gayaa aur neeya lenan anaam sabb say badaa anaam bunn gayaa. beruni rawabit. soweet union

fffcd65889de37fbe364d07ef41ab727ba9b74c9cd51dc01ee41ce5c95121465

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7384661

84th Regiment of Foot (1759)

84th Regiment of Foot (1759) British army regiment Military unit The 84th Regiment of Foot was a British regiment raised for service in India with the British East India Company. History. Raised in England in 1758 during the Seven Years' War, the regiment was shipped to Madras, India in 1759. The regiment was among the first British regiments to serve in India. The regiment was soon in action in the Battle of Wandiwash in January 1760. This battle was followed in September by the Siege of Pondicherry and the Siege of Arcot during the Second Carnatic War. Sir Eyre Coote was a commanding officer of the regiment at that time. The regiment went on to fight at the Battle of Buxar in October 1764 during the Bengal War. In 1765 the regiment sailed back to Britain and were disbanded. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

(1759) rejiment owo fut (1759) (1759) rejiment owo fut aasil britis isto india companyr xoite bharotot xewa aagborhaboloi gorhi tulaa etaa britis rejiment. itihax. 1758 sonot xaat bosoror juddhor xomoyot englandot utthapito huwa ei regimenttu 1759 sonot bharotor madrasoloi preron koraa hoisil. regimenttu bharotot xewa aagborhuwa prothom britis rejimentxomuhor bhitorot aasil. 1760 sonor januaryt wandiwaswor juddhot ei regimenttuwe oti xunkalei kaam korisil. ei juddhor pisot septembor maahot dwitiyo kornatoki juddhor xomoyot pondiseri aaru aarkot oworudh koraa hoisil. chaar aaiyar kutt xei xomoyot rejimentor ejon commanding bixoya aasil. 1764 sonor octobor maahot bongo juddhor xomoyot regimenttuwe bokxaror juddhot jujiboloi goisil. 1765 sonot regimenttu britainoloi ghuri aahisil aaru iyak bhongo koraa hoisil.

84tomo rejimenta off foot (1759) 84tomo rejimenta off foot chhilo ekti british rejimenta jaa british east india companyr saathe bharte porishebar jonno utthapito hoyechilo. itihas. 1758 saale shaat bochorer juddher somoy englande utthito regimenti 1759 saale bharoter madrase pathano hoy. regimenti bharte kaaj koraa prothom british regimentgulir modhye chhilo. regimenti shighroi 1760 saaler januaryte wandiwasher juddhe sakriya hoye othe. eyi juddher porey septembore dwitiya kornatik juddher somoy pondicherry aborodh ebong arcot aborodh koraa hoy. syara aiyara coat tokhon regimenter ekjon commanding officer chhilen. 1764 saaler octobore banglar juddher somoy boxer juddhe regimenti ladai korey. 1765 khristabde regimenti brittene firey yaay ebong venge deoa hoy.

84mee regiment off foot (1759) 84mee regiment off foot aee british ist india kampani saathe bharatma sevaa aapvaa maate ubhelee british regiment hatee. itihas. saat varshnaa yuddh darmiyan 1758maan englandma uchhareli regimentne 1759maan bhaaratnaa madrasma mokalvaamaa aavee hatee. regiment bharatma sevaa aapnaar pratham british regimentmaanee aek hatee. january 1760maan vandivoshni ladaima regiment toonk samayma jaj sakreey thaee gaee hatee. aaa ladaai pachhi septembermaa beeja karnatak yuddh darmiyan pandicherryni gherabandhi aneey aarkotnee gherabandhi karvaamaa aavee hatee. surr aair qota teey samaye regimentnaa commanding officer hataa. aaa regiment october 1764maan bangaal yuddh darmiyan baksarni ladaima ladvaa maate aagad vadhee hatee. 1765maan regiment britton parat faryu aneey tene vikheree nakhvama aavee.

84veen paidal resiment (1759) 84veen paidal resiment ack british resiment thee jise british east india company key saath bhaarat mein seva key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. itihas. saat saal key yuddh key dauran 1758 mein ingland mein sthaapit, resiment koo 1759 mein bhaarat key madarsa mein bheja gayaa thaa. resiment bhaarat mein seva karane vaale pahale british resiments mein seey ack thee. resiment jald hii janwari 1760 mein wandiwash kii ladaai mein sakriya hoe gaee thee. iss ladaai key baad sitambar mein dusare karnatak yuddh key dauran pandicherry kii gherabandi aur arcot kii gherabandi hui thee. surr aayar coat usa samay resiment key commanding officer they. resiment ney bangal yuddh key dauran octuber 1764 mein baksar kii ladaai mein ladaai ladee. 1765 mein resiment britten vaapas chully gaee aur bhang curr dee gaee.

84neey regiment off phoot (1759) 84neey regiment off phoot british eest india kampaniyondige bhaaratadalli sevegaagi belesalaada british regiment aagittu. itihaasa. elu varshagala yuddhada samayadalli 1758ralli englendnalli beleda regiment annu 1759ralli bhaaratada madrasge ravaanisalaayitu. regiment bhaaratadalli seve sallisida modala british regimentgalalli ondaagittu. 1760rahra janavariyalli nadeda vandivash kadanadalli regiment shighradalle karyaroopakke banditu. ee kadanada nantara septembernalli pandicherry muttige mattu eradane karnataka yuddhada samayadalli arcott muttige haakalaayitu. surr air coat aaa samayadalli regimentna commanding adhikaariyaagiddaru. regiment 1764rahra octobernalli nadeda bangala yuddhada samayadalli baksar kadanadalli horaaditu. 1765ralli regiment brittenge maralitu mattu adannu visarjisalaayitu.

padatik regiment (1759) 84 vee padatik regiment hii british east india companybarobar bharatat sevesathi ubharaleli british regiment hotee. itihas. saat varshanchya yuddhadarmyan 1758 madhye englandmadhye ubharanyat aalelya yaa regimentla 1759 madhye bharatatil madras yethe pathvanyat aale. hii regiment bharatat seva seva pahilya british regimentpaiki eka hotee. janewari 1760 madhye vendivoshchya ladhait regiment lavkarach karyarat hotee. yaa ladhainantar septembermadhye septembermadhye karnatak yuddhadarmyan pondicherryla vedha ghatala gela aanee arcotla vedha ghatala gela. surr aayar coat tyaveli regimentche commanding officer hote. bangal yuddhadarmyan aktoobar 1764 madhye baksarchya ladhait regiment ladhali. 1765 madhye regiment brittenla parat gelee aanee tee visarjit karnyat aalee.

84 aun regiment aff foot (1759) 84 aun regiment aff foot britis east india companysanga bharatma sewaka lagi khada garieko britis regiment thiyo. itihas. saat warshako yuddhako samayama sann 1758 maa englandma hurkeko regimentlai sann 1759 maa bharatko madrasma pathaiyo. regiment bharatma sewa garne pahilo britis regimentharu madhye ek thiyo. regiment chaandai janawari 1760 maa wandiwasko yudhama sakriya bhayo. yo yuddha septemberma pondicheryko gherabandi rar dosro karnatak yuddhako samayama arcotko gherabandile pachhyaeko thiyo. sear air kote tyas samayama regimentka commanding officer thie. bengal yuddhako samayama october 1764 maa baksarko yudhama regiment ladeko thiyo. sann 1765 maa regiment belayat farkieko thiyo rar wighatan bhaeko thiyo.

(1759) regiment off foot (1759) (1759) regiment off foot eka british regiment thila jaahaa british east india company sahita bharatare seba paain pratistha karajaithila. itihas. saata barshar juddha samajare 1758 masihare englandare pratisthita hoithiba ehi rejimentaku 1759 masihare bharatara madrasaku pathajaithila. ehi regiment bharatare seba pradan karithiba pratham british regiment madhyare thila. regimenti januari 1760 ray wandiwash juddhare karjyanusthana grahan karithila. ehi juddha septembarare dwiteeja cornatic juddha samajare pandicherry abarodh ebong arcot abarodh dwara anusarana karajaithila . saar aair coat sehi samajare regimenter jane kamanding officer thile. ehi regiment 1764 masiha october maasare bangara juddha samajare baksar juddhare ladhithila. 1765 masihare regiment britenaku pherithila ebong ehaaku bhangi diajaithila.

(1759) paidal regiment (1759) (1759) paidal regiment ikk british regiment see joe british east india company naal bharat witch seva laee banayi gaee see. itihaas. satt saalan dey yuddh dauran 1758 witch england witch ubhariaa giaa, regiment noon 1759 witch madrassa, bharat bhejiaa giaa see. ih regiment bharat witch seva curran vaale pahile british regimentan vicchon ikk see. ih regiment jaldi hii janwari 1760 witch vendivash dee ladai witch sargaram hoow gaee see. iss ladai toon baad satambar witch dooje karnatak yuddh dauran pandicherry dee gherabandi atey arcot dee gherabandi hoee see. sarr aair coat uss samein regiment dey commanding afsar sunn. ih regiment aktubar 1764 witch bangal yuddh dauran baksar dee ladai witch luddy gaee see. 1765 witch regiment waps britten chalee gaee atey bhang qarr ditti gaee.

84 tamah paada-regiment (1759) 84 tamah paada-regiment iti british-east-india-kampanee ityanena saha bhaarate sevaartham utthaapitam british-regiment aasit. itihaasah. saptavarshasya yuddhakaale 1758 tame varshe england-deshe utthaapitam regiment 1759 tame varshe bharatasya madras-nagaram prati preshitam aasit. bhaarate sevaarataasu prathamaasu british-regiment-madhye regiment aasit. 1760 janavaree-maase vendeevaash-yuddhe regiment sheeghramev kaaryaratah aasit. tadanantaram september-maase paandicheri-nagarasya pariveshtanam, dwiteeya-karnatak-yuddhasya samaye arcott-nagarasya pariveshtanam cha abhavat. surr air kott tasmin samaye regiment ityasya commanding-adhikaarinah aasit. 1764 october-maase bangaal-yuddhakaale baksar-yuddhe regiment-dalah yuddham krutavaan. 1765 tame varshe regiment iteedam britton-desham prati punah naukaayaanam akarot, vighatitam abhavat.

84vadhu kaall padaippirivu (1759) 84vadhu kaall padaippirivu enbathu british kizhakkindhiya niruvanaththudan inthiyaavil saevai seivatharkaaga uruvaakkappatta oru british padaippirivu aagum. varalaaru. aezhu aandu poarin poathu 1758 aam aandil englaanththil ezhuppappatta inththa padaippirivu 1759 aam aandil inthiyaavin matharaasukku anuppappattathu. inthiyaavil paniyaattriya muthal british padaippirivugalil idhuvum ontraakum. 1760 janavariyil nadantha vandivas poaril inththa padaippirivu viraivil seyalpaattukku vanthathu. idhaith thodarnthu septumber maatham pandicherry muttrukaiyum, irandaam karnaadagap poarin poathu arghat muttrukaiyum aerpattathu. air code antha neraththil padaippirivil commanding athikaariyaaga irunthaar. inthap padaippirivu 1764 octoberil vangaalap poarin poathu bakzar poaril poaraadiyathu. 1765ill padaippirivu meendum pirittanukkuch sendru kalaikkappattathu.

84va regiment off phut (1759) 84va regiment off phut anedi british eest india companytho kalisi bhaaratadesamlo seva kosam penchabadina british regiment. charitra. edu samvatsaraala yuddha samayamlo 1758loe inglandlo perigina eee regiment 1759loe bharatadesamloni madrasku ravana cheyabadindi. bhaaratadesamlo sevalandinchina modati british regimentlalo eee regiment okati. 1760 janavarilo vandivash yuddhamlo regiment twaralone charyalo undhi. eee yuddham taruvaata septembarulo rendava karnataka yuddhamlo pandicherry muttadi mariyu arcot muttadi jarigindi. surr ire coat aaa samayamlo regimentku commanding adhikariga unnaaru. eee regiment 1764 octoberulo bengaul yuddha samayamlo baksar yuddhamlo pooraadataaniki vellindi. 1765loe regiment tirigi britanku prayaaninchi raddu cheyabadindi.

84 wein regment aaf fitt (1759) 84 wein regment aaf fitt eek bartanvi regment thee jasay bartanvi aist indiya company kay saath hindustan mein khadmat kay liye banaya gayaa thaa. tareekh. saat saalah jung kay doraan 1758 mein england mein prorish paaney waali yaha regment 1759 mein bhaarat kay madraas mein bheji gayee. yaha regment bhaarat mein khidmaat anjaam deenay waali pehli bartanvi regment mein say eek thee. regment jald hyee januri 1760 mein wendy waash kii jung mein kaam kirr rahee thee. iss jung kay baad satambar mein pandichery kaa muhasirah aur dosri karnatik jung kay doraan arcot kaa muhasirah hawaa. sarr aayer coat iss waqat regment kay commanding officer thay. regment aktobar 1764 mein bangaal jung kay doraan baksar kii jung mein ladee. 1765 mein regment bartaniah waps rawanah hoyee aur asay tehlil kirr diyaa gayaa.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40196070

Farinocystis

Farinocystis Genus of single-celled organisms Farinocystis is a genus of parasitic alveolates of the phylum Apicomplexa. Species in this genus infect insects ("Coleoptera"). Taxonomy. This genus was created by Weiser in 1953. The type species is "Farinocystis tribolii". References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

farinusistis ferinusistis hoise failam epicomplexer porojibi elvio "letchor etaa projati. ei projatir projatixomuhe puk-potongok xongkromito kore ("collioptera"). shrenibinyax. ei gonotu 1953 sonot weijare sristi korisil. projatitu hoise "farinusistis tribuli".

ferinocystis ferinocystis holl filum epicomplexer parajibi alvioleter ekti prajati. eyi goner prajatiguli pokamakadke ("colioptera") sangkramito korey. taxonomy. eyi ganoti 1953 saale oyejara dwara toiri koraa hoyechilo. eyi projatir naam "ferinocystis tribolai".

ferinosistis ferinosistis aee filum epicomplexana paropjivi alvioletsnee aek jaatee chhe. aaa jaatima prajaatio jantuo ("collioptera") neey chep lagaave chhe. vargikaran. aaa jaatee 1953maan weiser dwara banavvama aavee hatee. aaa prakaarnee prajaati "ferinosistis triboli" chhe.

pharinosistis pharinosistis, epicomplexa vansh key parjivi vayukosh kaa ack vansh haye. iss vansh kii prajaati keeton ("coleoptera") koo sankramit karati haye. vargeekaran. iss vansh koo 1953 mein veezar dwara banaaya gayaa thaa. prajaati kaa prakaar "pharinosistis triboli" haye.

pharinosystis pharinosystis embudu filum apicomplexada paravalambi alviyoletgala ondu kulavagide. ee kulada prabhedagalu kitagalige ("collioptera") sonku taruttave. vargeekarana. ee kulavannu kulavannu vicer rachisidaru. ee prabhedavu "pharinosystis triboli" aagide.

faarinosistis failam apicomplexayile parannabhojikalaaya aalviyolettukalude oru janussaanu faarinosistis. eee janussile enangal praanikale ("koliyopttere") badhikkunnu. vargeekaranam. 1953ll veysaraanu eee januss srishtichathu. faarinosistis triboli" aanu eee inam.

farinosistis farinosistis hii epicomplexachya filemchya parjivi elvioletschi eka prajati aahe. yaa vanshatil prajati kitakanna ("collioptera") sankramit karatat. vargikaran. hii prajati 1953 madhye vezarne tayar kelee hotee. farinosistis tribolai' hii prajati aahe.

farinocystis farinocystis filem epicomplexako parajivi alvioletsko ek wansh how. yass wanshaka prajatiharule kiraharulai ("collioptera") sankramit garchhan. wargikaran. yo wansh sann 1953 maa vejardwara sirjana garieko thiyo. yo prajati "farinocystis triboli" how.

farinocystis farinocystis heuchhi filem apicomplexer parajibi alvioletra eka prajati . ehi banshara prajati kitapatanga ("colioptera") ku sankramita karithae. bargikarana. ehi prajatiti wejaranka dwara 1953 masihare srusti karajaithila. ehi prajatira naama heuchhi "farinocystis tribolai".

ferinocystis ferinocystis filem epicomplexa dey parjivi alviolets dee ikk jeanus haii. iss jeanus deeaan prajatiaan keede-makaudiaan ("colioptera") noon sankarmit kardiaan hunn. vargikaran. ih jeanus 1953 witch visor duaara banayi gaee see. iss kisam dee prajati "ferinocystis triboli" haii.

farinocystis farinocystis iti failam epicomplexa ityasya parajeevee-alviolets ityasya jaatih asti. asya vamshasya prajaatayah keaton ("colioptera") sankramayanti. vargeekaranam. ayam vamshaha 1953 tame varshe vesar ityanena nirmitah. asya prakaarah "farinocystis triboli" iti asti.

forinosistis forinosistis enbathu pailam abhigamblexavin ottunni alviolettukalin oru paerinam aagum. inththa inaththil ulla inangkal poochchigalai ("coleoptera") paathikkirathu. vagaipiriththal. inththa inaththai 1953 aam aandil weiser uruvaakkinaar. inththa vagai inangkal "forinosistis triboli" aagum.

forinosystis forinosystis anedi filum apicomplexa yokka paraannajeevi alvioletla jaathi. eee jaatilooni jaatulu keetakaalaku ("colioptera") sokutayi. vargeekarana. eee jaatini 1953loe veejar srushtinchaaru. eee rakam jaathi "forinosystis triboli".

fernocists farinocists filem apcomplexa kay parjiwi alvivalets kii eek jains hay. iss jains kii anwaa keedon ("colliptera") kuu mutasir karti haine. texonomy. yaha jains visor nay 1953 mein banayi thee. iss qasm kii anwaa "farinocists turboli" hay.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34343738

Scranton Lace Company

Scranton Lace Company The Scranton Lace Company, also known as the Scranton Lace Curtain Company and Scranton Lace Curtain Manufacturing Company, was an American lace manufacturer in Scranton, Pennsylvania. History. The company was established by the Scranton Board of Trade as the Scranton Lace Curtain Manufacturing Company in 1890 and was incorporated on June 15, 1897. The name Scranton Lace Company became standardized in 1916 when the Scranton Lace Curtain Manufacturing Company and one of its subsidiaries combined their operations. On May 13, 1958, the company changed its name to The Scranton Lace Corporation, but soon thereafter reverted to using the name The Scranton Lace Company as its official title. From 1916 to 2002 the company remained the first and largest known producer of Nottingham Lace in the United States. The company was the world leader in Nottingham lace and also produced tablecloths, napkins, valances, and shower curtains, among many other types of lace items. During the 1940s, the company teamed up with subsidiaries such as Victory Parachutes, Inc. and Sweeney Bros. to manufacture parachutes and camouflage netting. The company prospered well into the 1950s, but risky investments involving Hal Roach Studios and the fledgling television industry placed the company in financial peril and eventually led to its closure in 2002. Despite the factory being one of area's biggest employers, it closed in 2002 with the company's vice president telling its employees, mid-shift, that the facility was closing "effective immediately". The facility featured a theater, bowling alley, gymnasium, infirmary, clock tower (that is a city landmark and has a Meneely cast iron bell) and other amenities. On January 31, 2011, the Scranton City Council gave final approval to Lace Building Affiliates to redevelop the Scranton Lace Complex industrial factory located at 1315 Mylert Avenue. Development was stalled because the site had been located within a flood zone before a levee was completed along the Lackawanna River in 2011 and the mapping was not updated until early 2016. Environmental cleanup work is expected to begin in August 2016. On December 30, 2011, the company's abandoned building was featured in the pilot episode of the "Abandoned" television series. The factory complex was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012. The Scranton Lace Company Kingston Mill at Kingston, New York was listed in 2013. The corporate records were moved to the Waverly Community House in 2012. As of early 2019 the plant was being demolished. The clock tower is expected to be preserved and incorporated into the planned residential redevelopment. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

screnton leis company screnton leis company, jaak screnton leis cartain company aaru screnton leis cartain nirman company buliu jonaa yaay, pensylvanier screntonot thoka etaa aamerikan leis nirmata aasil. itihax. 1890 sonot screnton bob "rd owo trader dwara screnton leis cartain nirman company hisape companytu sthapon koraa hoisil aaru 1897 sonor 15 junot iyak ontorbhukto koraa hoisil. 1916 sonot screnton leis cartain nirman company aaru iyar etaa xohayok companye teulukor karjyokolap ekotrito korar pisot screnton leis company naamor maan nirdharon koraa hoisil. 1958 sonor 13 mey 'too companytuwe iyar naam screnton leis nigomoloi xoloni korisil, kintu taar pisote screnton leis company naamtu iyar sorkari xirunam hisape byobohar koriboloi ghuri aahisil. 1916 sonor poraa 2002 sonoloike companytuwe aamerika juktorastrot nottingham leisor prothom aaru xorbobrihot prostutkari hisape porigonito hoisil. companytu nottingham leisot biswor aagxarir aasil aaru onyanyo bohutu prokaror leis xamogrir bhitorot tablecloth, napkin, valence aaru xawaror pordau utpadon korisil. 1940-ror doxokot companytuwe bhiuri perasuts, inokor dore xohayok companyr xoite mitrota korisil. aaru suini bro 'cho. perasut aaru sodmowex jaal nirman koriboloi. 1950-ror doxokot companytuwe jothesto unnoti laabh korisil, kintu haal ruch studio 'aaru notun television udyugor xoite jorito jhukipurno biniyugoi companytu bittiyo bipodaxongkar xonmukhin hoisil aaru owoxexot 2002 sonot iyar bondhor dixe loi goisil. karkhanatu oncholtur onyotomo brihot niyugkorta huwar swotweu, 2002 sonot companytur upo-odhyokhyoi iyar kormosarixokolok, modhyo-xiftot, ei xubidhatu "totkhyonat karzokori" buli kuwar xoite bondho korisil. ei xubidhat ekhon theater, bolling eli, byayamagar, infirmary, clock tawar (jitu ekhon sohoror ximasinho aaru iyat etaa xoru luhar ghonta aase) aaru onyanyo xubidha aasil. 2011 sonor 31 januaryt screnton nogor porixode 1315 milort aviniut owosthito screnton leis complexes oudyugik karkhanatu punor bikax koriboloi leis buildingor xohojugi xongsthaxomuhok suranto onumudon disil. 2011 sonot likawanna nodir paarot etaa jolaxoy xompurno huwar aagote ei sthantu banpani oncholor bhitorot owosthito huwar baabe unnoyon sthogito aasil aaru 2016 sonor aarombhoniloike mappingtu update koraa huwa nasil. 2016 sonor aagosto maahot poriwex poriskar korar kaam aarombho huwar aaxa koraa hoise. 2011 sonor 30 disemborot companytur porityokto ottalikatu "porityokto" television sringkholar pilot khondot prodorxito hoisil. 2012 sonot karkhana complextu oitihaxik sthanxomuhor rastriyo ponjiyonot jug diya hoisil. neworkor kingstonot thoka screnton leis company kingston mill 2013 sonot talikabhukto koraa hoisil. 2012 sonot korpo "retor obhilekhxomuh waverly community housoloi sthanantorito koraa hoisil. 2019 sonor aarombhonir porai ei prokolpotu dhongxo koraa hoisil. ghori towertu xongrokhyon koraa hoh 'bob aaru porikolpito awaxik punorbikaxor xoite ontorbhukto koraa hoh' bob buli aaxa koraa hoise.

scranton leis company scranton leis company, jaa scranton leis porda company ebong scranton leis porda utpadon sangostha nameo porichito, pensylvanier scrantone ekti american leis prostutkarok chhilo. itihas. sangosthati 1890 saale scranton board off trade dwara scranton leis porda utpadon sangostha hisabe protisthito hoyechilo ebong 1897 saaler 15ee june etty antarbhukta koraa hoyechilo. 1916 saale scranton leis company namti mansammata hoye othe jokhon scranton leis porda utpadon sangostha ebong err ekti sahayak sangostha taader kriyakalapke ekotrito korey. 1958 saaler 13ee meey, companity taar naam poriborton korey scranton leis karporeshana rakhe, kintu shighroi err anusthanik shironam hisabe scranton leis company namti byabohar korey. 1916 theke 2002 saal porjonto companity markin juktorashtre nottingham leiser prothom ebong brihottomo projojok hisabe roye yaay. companity nottingham leise bishwa neta chhilo ebong anyanno onek dharaner leis itemer modhye tabilcloth, napkin, valence ebong shaoar pordao toiri koroto. 1940-err doshke, companity vieury parashoot, incorporated-err moto sahayak sangosthagulir saathe jotoboddho hoy. ebong suini bross. parashoot ebong chhoddobesh jaal toiri koraa. 1950-err doshke companity bhalobhabe samriddha hoyechilo, kintu hull roach studio ebong notun television shilper saathe jorito jhunkipurno biniyog companytike arthik bipoder modhye felechilo ebong abosheshe 2002 saale etty bondho hoye yaay. karkhanati elakar onnotomo brihottomo niyogkarta haoya sotteo, 2002 saale companyr vice presidenta taar kormocharider modhyoborti somoye bolechilo jey subidhati "abilambe karjokor" hoye jachche. eyi subidhai ekti theater, boaling allie, gymnasium, informary, clock tower (jaa ekti shohorer landmark ebong ekti chhoto ddhalai lohar ghanta royeche) ebong anyanno sujog-subidha chhilo. 2011 saaler 31shhey januari, scranton city council 1315 milort avenuete abosthito scranton leis complexes shilp karkhanar punornirmaner jonno leis bilding onumodito sangosthagulike chudanta anumodan deyo. 2011 saale laswanna nadeer teere ekti baandh toiri howar agey eyi sthanti bonna anchaler modhye abosthito chhilo ebong 2016 saaler godar dike manchitroti update koraa hoyney boley unnayan sthogito chhilo. 2016 saaler auguste poribeshgoto porishkar-porichchonnotar kaaj shuru hobey boley aasha koraa hachche. 30shhey december, 2011-ayee, companyr porityokto bhabanti "porityokto" television sirijer pilot porbe prodorshito hoyechilo. 2012 saale karkhana complexty oitihasik sthangulir jatiya registere jukto koraa hoyechilo. newyorker kingstone scranton leis company kingston mill 2013 saale talikabhukto hoyechilo. corporate recordguli 2012 saale waverley community housey sthanantorito hoyechilo. 2019 saaler godar dike karkhanati venge fela hoyechilo. ghadi towerty sanrakkhito hobey ebong porikolpito abasik punarbasana byabasthai antarbhukta koraa hobey boley aasha koraa hachche.

screnton leesa kampani scranton leesa kampani, jene scranton leesa curton kampani aneey scranton leesa curton manufacturing kampani tareeke pann odakhvaamaa aave chhe, teey scranton, pensylvaniama aek american leesa utpaadak hatee. itihas. aaa companyni sthaapnaa 1890maan scranton booard off trade dwara scranton leesa pardaa utpaadan kampani tareeke karvaamaa aavee hatee aneey 15 juuna, 1897naa roj tenee sthaapnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee. scranton leesa companynu naam 1916maan pramanit thayu jyaare scranton leesa padada utpaadan kampani aneey tenee aek petacompanyae temnee kaamgeereene jodee hatee. 13 meey, 1958naa roj, kampaniae tenu naam badaline scranton leesa corporation raakhyu, parantu tyarbad toonk samayma jaj tenu sattavaar sheershak tareeke scranton leesa companynu naam badalvama aavyu. 1916 thee 2002 sudhee aaa kampani united statesma nottingham lesanee pratham aneey sauthee motee jaaniti utpaadak rahee hatee. aaa kampani nottingham finamaa vishwani agranee hatee aneey anya ghanee prakaarnee feeta vastuoma tablecloth, napkins, valence aneey fuvaaro padada pann utpann karatee hatee. 1940naa daaykaa darmiyan, kampaniae vijay parachute, ink jevee petacompanyo saathe jodaan karyoo hatoo. aneey swinny bross. parachute aneey chhadmavaran jaalinun utpaadan karavu. 1950naa daykama kampani saaree reete samruddh thaee, parantu haal roach studiyo aneey navaa television udhyogne lagata jokhami rokanoae companyne nanakiy jokhamma mookie deedhi aneey aakhare 2002maan tene bundh curry deedhi. factory vistaarnaa sauthee motaa nokaridataomani aek hovaa chhataa, teey 2002maan bundh thaee gaee, companyna wies presidente tenaa karmcharione kahyoo, keey suveedha "taatkaalik asarkarak" bundh thaee rahee chhe. aaa suvidhama theatre, bolling aelee, vyayamshala, hospital, ghadiyaad tower (jeey shahernee simachinh chhe aneey temaa naanee-motee lokhandani ghantadi chhe) aneey anya suveedhao hatee. 31 january, 2011naa roj, scranton ciity councille 1315 myelert aevanyu khaate stheet scranton leesa complexes audhyogik factoryna punarvikas maate leesa building aanushangikone anteem manjuri aapee hatee. vikaas atakee gayo hato kaaran keey 2011 maan likevanna nadeeni saathe aek tatbandh purn thayo teey pahelaa aaa sthal puur zonmaa stheet hatoo aneey 2016 nee sharuaat sudhee mapping update karvaamaa aavyu naa hatoo. paryaavaraniy safaainu kaama august 2016 maan sharoo thavaani apeksha chhe. 30 december, 2011naa roj, companyni tyajee devaayelee imaarat "tyajee devaayelee" television shreneena pylot episodema darshavvama aavee hatee. factory sankulne 2012maan aitihasik sthaloni raashtriy nondhanimaa umervaamaa aavyu hatoo. kingsten, newyork khaateni scranton leesa kampani kingsten mill 2013maan soochibaddh karvaamaa aavee hatee. corporate reqorda 2012maan waverley community housema khasedvama aavyaa hataa. 2019nee sharuaatmaa plantne todee padvama aavee rahyo hato. ghadiyaad towerne sanrakshit karvaamaa aave aneey aayojit rahenank punarvikasma saamel karvaamaa aave tevee apeksha chhe.

scranton less company scranton less company, jise scranton less pardaa company aur scranton less pardaa nirmaan company key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, scranton, pensylvania mein ack americi feeta nirmaata thee. itihas. company kii sthaapana scranton board off trade dwara 1890 mein scranton less pardaa nirmaan company key roop mein kii gaee thee aur 15 juuna, 1897 koo ise shamil kiya gayaa thaa. scranton less company naam 1916 mein maankeekrit hoe gayaa jaba scranton less pardaa nirmaan company aur isaki sahayak companiyon mein seey ack ney apane sanchaalan koo sanyukt kiya. 13 maee, 1958 koo company ney apana naam badalkar scranton less corporation curr liya, lekin isake turant baad scranton less company koo apane aadhikarik sheershak key roop mein upayog karane key liye vaapas aaa gaee. 1916 seey 2002 taka company sanyukt raajya america mein nottingham feeta kii pahali aur sabse badee gyaat utpaadak rahee. company nuttingham feeta mein vishva netaa thee aur kaee anya prakaar kii feeta vastuon key beach tablecloth, napkin, valence aur shower parde kaa bhee utpaadan karati thee. 1940 key dashak key dauran, company ney vijay parachute, ink jaisi sahayak companiyon key saath milkar kaam kiya. aur sweeney brothers. parachute aur chhadm jaal banaane key liye. 1950 key dashak mein company achchi tarah seey samriddh hui, lekin haal roach studio aur nae television udyog seey judey jokhim bharey niveshon ney company koo vittiya khatare mein daal diyaa aur antatah 2002 mein ise bund curr diyaa. karkhane key kshetra key sabse badey niyoktaon mein seey ack honey key bavjood, yeh 2002 mein bund hoe gayaa, company key upaadhyaksh ney apane karmchaariyon koo bataaya, kii suvidha "turant prabhaavi" thee. iss suvidha mein ack theatre, gendbaji gully, vyayamshala, aspatal, ghadee tower (joe ack shahar kaa aitihaasik sthal haye aur isamen ack chhoti lohe kii ghanti haye) aur anya suvidhaaen theen. 31 janwari, 2011 koo, scranton city council ney 1315 milort avenue mein sthit scranton less complexes audyogik karkhane koo punarvikasit karane key liye feeta nirmaan seey sambaddh sangathanon koo antim manjuri dee. vikas rook gayaa thaa kyonki 2011 mein lakwanna nadee key kinare ack tatbandh puuraa honey seey pahale site baadh kshetra key bheetar sthit thee aur maanchitran koo 2016 kii shuruat taka adyatan naheen kiya gayaa thaa. paryaavaran safai kaa kaam agast 2016 mein shuru honey kii ummeed haye. 30 disambar, 2011 koo, company kii parityakt imarat koo "parityakt" television shrinkhala key pilot episode mein dikhaaya gayaa thaa. karkhane key parisar koo 2012 mein aitihaasik sthaanon key rashtriya register mein jodaa gayaa thaa. kingsten, newyork mein scranton less company kingsten mill koo 2013 mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa thaa. corporate record koo 2012 mein waverley community house mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 2019 kii shuruat mein sanyantra koo dhwast kiya jaa rhaa thaa. ghadee tower koo sanrakshit kiye jaane aur niyojit aavaasiya punarvikas mein shamil kiye jaane kii ummeed haye.

scranton lays kampani scranton lays curton kampani mattu scranton lays curton utpadana kampani endoo kareyalpaduva scranton lays kampaniyu pensilveniyaada scrantonnelli americada lays tayaaraka kampaniyagittu. itihaasa. ee kampaniyannu scranton board off trade 1890 ralli scranton lays curton utpadana kampaniyagi sthaapisitu mattu zoon 15,1897 randu idannu sthaapisalaayitu. scranton lays lays kampani emba hesaru 1916 ralli scranton lays curton utpadana kampani mattu adara angasamsthegalalli ondaada tamma karyacharanegalannu samyojisidaaga pramanikarisalpattitu. 1958rahra mayee mayee, kampaniyu tanna hesarannu scranton lays corporation endu badalaayisitu, aadare shighradalle scranton lays kampaniya hesarannu tanna adhikruta shirshikeyaagi balasalu hintirugitu. hintirugitu 1916rinda ee kampaniyu united statesnalli nottingham lesna modala mattu atidodda utpaadakanaagi uliyitu. ee kampaniyu nottingham lesnalli vishwa naayakaraagittu mattu tableclatgalu, karavastragalu, valensgalu mattu shawar paradegalannu saha utpaadisitu. 1940rahra dasakadalli, kampaniyu victory parachutes, ink nantaha angasamsthegalondige kaijodisitu. mattu sweeny brothers. pyaaraachutgalu mattu camouflage netgalannu tayaarisalu. 1950rahra dasakadalli kampaniyu chennagi abhivruddhi honditu, aadare haal roach studiyogalu mattu hosa duradarshana udyamavannu olagonda apayakari hoodikegalu kampaniyannu arthika apayakke silukisidavu mattu antimavagi upadhyaksharu adannu muchhalu kaaranavaayitu. karkhaneyu pradeshada atidodda udyogadataralli ondaagiddaroo, kampaniya upadhyaksharu upadhyaksharu tanna udyogigalige, shift madhyadalli, soulabhyavu "takshanave parinaamakaariyaaguttide" endu heluvudarondige adannu muchchalaayitu. ee soulabhyavu rangabhoomi, bowling alle, vyayamashale, aspatre, gadiyara gopura (idu nagarada heggurutaagide mattu sannadaada erakahoyda kabbinada ganteyannu hondide) mattu itara soulabhyagalannu olagondittu. janavari 31,2011 randu, scranton city council 1315 milort avenyoodalliruva scranton lays sankeerna kaigarika karkhaneyannu maru abhivraddhipadisalu lays kattadada angasamsthegalige antima anumodane needitu. needitu abhaava nadige addalaagi katteyannu poornagolisuva modalu ee sthalavu pravaaha valayadalli nelegondiddarinda abhivruddhiyu sthagitagonditu mattu 2016rahra aarambhadavarege nakseyannu navikarisalaagilla. 2016rahra augustinalli parisara svachchateya kelasa praarambhavaaguva niriksheyide. december 30,2011 randu, kampaniya parityakta kattadavannu "parityakta" duradarshana saraniya prayogika sanchikeyalli pradarshisalaayitu. karkhaneya sankirnavannu daakhalegalannu aitihaasika sthalagala rashtriya nondanige serisalaayitu. kingston, newyoarknalliruwa scranton lays kampani kingston giraniyannu giraniyannu patti maadalaayitu. corporate daakhalegalannu daakhalegalannu waverley samudaaya manege sthalaantarisalaayitu. 2019rahra aarambhada velege ee sthaavaravannu kedavalaaguttittu. gadiyara gopuravannu samrakshisi, yojita vasati punaraabhivruddhige serisuva niriksheyide.

skraantan laze kambani pensylvaniayile skraantanilulla oru american laze nirmmaathaavaayirunnu skraantan laze curton kambaniyum skraantan laze curton nirmmaana kambaniyum ennum ariyappedunna skraantan laze kambani. charithram. 1890 ll skraantan laze curton nirmmaana kambaniyaayi skraantan board oof trade sthaapicha eee kambani 1897 juun 15 nuu samyojippikkappettu. 1916 ll skraantan laze curton nirmmaana kambaniyum athinte anubandha sthaapanangalilonnu avarude pravartthanangal samyojippichappol skraantan laze kambani enna peru staanderdais cheythu. 1958 meyy meyy kambani athinte peru skraantan laze korppareshan ennu maatti, ennaal taamasiyaathe skraantan laze kambani enna peru audyogika thalakkettayi upayogichu. 1916 muthal 2002 vare amerikkayil ariyappedunna aadyathethum valuthumaaya nottingam laze nirmmathaavaayi kambani thudarnnu. nottingham lesil lokanethaakkalaayirunna kambani meshakkashanangal, naapkinukal, vaalansukal, shawar curtains ennivayum mattu pala tharatthilulla laze enangalum nirmmichu. nirmmichu kambani victory paarachyoottukal, ink thudangiya anubandha sthaapanangalumaayi kaikorthu. oppam sweeni bradezhsum. paarachyoottukalum maraval valay nirmmikkuka. nirmmikkuka kambani nannayi abhivridhi praapichu, ennaal haal roach studiyokalum puthiyathayi valarunna television vyavasaayavum ulppedunna apakadakaramaaya nikshepangal kambaniye saambathika apakadathilaakkukayum oduvil 2002ll athu adachupoottunnathilekku nayikkukayum cheythu. factory pradeshathe ettavum valia thozhiludamakalil oraalaanengilum, 2002ll kambaniyude vais president athinte jeevanakkarodu eee soukaryam "udan praabalyatthil" varunnuvennu paranjukondu athu adachu. thiyettar, bowling alle, jimneshyam, infermary, clock tower (nagaratthile oru landmark, koodaathe oru cheria irumbu munny) ennivayum mattu soukaryangalum eee soukaryathil ulppedunnu. 2011 januvari 31 nuu, 1315 myelert avanyoovil sthithi cheiyunna skraantan laze complexes vyavasaya factory punarnirmmikkunnathin skraantan sitti kaunsil laze building affiliateukalkku anthima anumathi nalki. 2011ll laxawana nadiyil oru thadaakam poortthiyaakunnathinu munbu eee sthalam vellapokka mekhalaykkullil sthithi cheythirunnathinaal vikasanam sthambhichu, 2016 nte arambham vare mapping update cheythitilla. paristhithi shucheekarana pravartthanangal 2016 augustil aarambhikkumenn prathekshikkunnu. 2011 desember 30 nuu kambaniyude upekshikkappetta kettidam "upekshikkappetta" television parambarayude pailat episodil pradharshippichu. factory samuchayam 2012-ll charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajisttaril chertthu. newyorkkile kingstanile skraantan laze kambani kingsttan mill 2013-ll pattikapedutthi. korpparettu rekhakal 2012-ll villal niranja community housilekku maatti. 2019-nte thudakkathil plaant polichuneekkappedukayinu. clock tower samrakshikkappedumennum aasoothrithamaaya residential punarvikasanatthil ulppeduthumennum prathekshikkunnu.

scranton leesa company scranton leesa company, jyala scranton leesa padada company aanee scranton leesa padada utpadan company mhanoonahi olakhale jaate, hii scranton, pensylvania yetheel eka american feet utpadak company hotee. itihas. scranton vyapar mandalane 1890 madhye scranton leesa padada utpadan company mhanoon companychi sthapana kelee aanee 15 juuna 1897 roji tee sthapan karnyat aalee. scranton leesa company heey naav 1916 madhye pramanit jhaale jevha scranton leesa padada utpadan company aanee tichya sahayyak kampanyanpaiki ekane tyanche karya ektrit kele. 13 meey 1958 roji companyne aapale naav badaloon scranton leesa corporation asey kele, parantu tyanantar lavkarach scranton leesa company heey naav tyache adhikrut shirshak mhanoon vaparnyas parat aale. 1916 teey 2002 paryant hii company americetil nottingham fitanchi pahili aanee sarvat mothee dnyat utpadak rahili. hii company nuttingham fitamadhye jaagtik aaghadivar hotee aanee itar anek prakarchya fiti vastunmadhye tablecloth, napkins, valence aanee shower padade dekhil tayar karat asey. 1940 chya dashakat, companyne victory parachute, ink. sarkhya sahayyak companyanshi hatmilavani kelee. aanee sweeney bhau. parachute aanee chhadmavaran jaali tayar karane. 1950 chya dashakat companychi changli bharbharat jhaali, parantu hall roach studio aanee navodit durchitravani udhyogacha samavesh asalelya jokhamichya guntavanukinni companyla aarthik sankatat takale aanee akheris 2002 madhye tee bund jhaali. karkhana haah parisaratil sarvat mothya niyoktyanpaiki eka asoonahi, 2002 madhye companychya upadhyakshanni aaplya aaplya, shiftchya madhyat, hii suvidha "twarit prabhavi" asalyache sangoon tee bund kelee. yaa suvidhemadhye natyagruh, golandajichi galli, vyayamshala, rugnalay, ghadyal manore (jee shaharachi khoon aahe aanee tyat lokhandi ghanta aahe) aanee itar suvidha hotya. 31 janewari 2011 roji, scranton nagar parishadene 1315 myelert avenue yethe asalelya scranton leesa complexes audhyogik karkhanyachya punarvikasasathi leesa building sanlagn sansthanna antim manjuri dilee. 2011 madhye lasavanna nadichya kathavar tatbandi purn honyapurvi heey thikan purgrast bhagat asalyamule vikas thambla hota aanee 2016 chya suruvatiparyant nakasha adyayavat karnyat aala navhata. august 2016 madhye paryavaraniy svachchateche kaam suru hone apekshit aahe. 30 december 2011 roji, companychi sodoon dileli imarat 'sodoon dilelya' durchitravani malikechya prayogik bhagat dakhavanyat aalee. 2012 madhye aitihasik sthalanchya rashtriy nondanimadhye karkhana sankul jodanyat aale. kingsten, newyork yetheel scranton leesa company kingsten mill 2013 madhye soochibaddha karnyat aalee. corporate nondi 2012 madhye asthir samuday gharat halavanyat aalya. 2019 chya suruvatipasun haah prakalp padala jaat hota. ghadyal ghadyal jatan karoon niyojit nivasi punarvikasat samavisht karane apekshit aahe.

scranton less company scranton less company, jaslai scranton less parda company rar scranton less parda nirman company pani bhaninchha, scranton, pensylvaniama raheko ek americi less nirmata thiyo. itihas. company scranton board aff treadwara sann 1890 maa scranton less parda nirman companyko rupma sthapit bhaeko thiyo rar june 15,1897 maa samawesh garieko thiyo. scranton less company naam sann 1916 maa manakikrit bhayo jab scranton less parda nirman company rar yasako ek sahayak companyle uniharuko sanchalanharu milae. 13 mey 1958 maa, companyle afno naam pariwartan garera scranton less corporation rakhyo, tara tyasko lagattai scranton less companyko naam yasako adhikarik shirshakko rupma prayog garna farkiyo. sann 1916 dekhi 2002 samma yo company sanyukta rajya americama nottingm leisko pahilo rar sabaibhanda thulo gyat utpadak rahyo. yo company nottingm leisma vishwa neta thiyo rar tablecloth, napkin, bhyalens rar snan pardaharu, anya dherai prakarka leiss wastuharu pani utpadan garthyo. sann 1940 ko dashakma, companyle wictry pyarasuta, ink jasta sahayak companyharusanga sahakarya गऱ्यो।. anie swiny bradarharu. pyarasuta rar chhadmawaran zaal nirman garna. sann 1950 ko dashakma company ramro tarikale samridha bhayo, tara hall roach studio rar nawodit television udyog samawesh jokhimpurna laganiharule companylai wittiya khatarama pareko thiyo rar antatah sann 2002 maa yasako banda bhayo. karkhana kshetrako sabaibhanda thulo rojgardataharu madhye ek bhae tapani, yo sann 2002 maa banda bhayo rar companyka upadhyakshale afna karmachariharulai, madhya-shiftma, suwidha "turuntai prabhawkari" banda bhairaheko batae. yass suwidhama theater, bulling galli, wyayamshala, informary, ghadi tower (june saharko landmark how rar yasama sano falamko bayle chha) rar anya suwidhaharu thie. janawari 31,2011 maa, scranton city councille 1315 milert avenyuma awasthit scranton less complex audyogik karkhanako punarvikas garna leiss bhawan sambadhaharulai antim swikriti diyo. sann 2011 maa lyaswana nadiko kinarma bandha nirman sampanna hunuaghi yo sthal badhi khetrabhitra awasthit bhaeko rar sann 2016 ko surusamma mapping adyawadhik nagarieko karan vikas awaruddha bhaeko thiyo. sann 2016 ko augustma watawarniya safaiko kaam suru hune apeksha garieko chha. december 30,2011 maa, companyko parityag garieko bhawan "parityag garieko" television shringkhalako pilot episodema chitrit garieko thiyo. karkhana parisarlai 2012 maa aitihasik sthanharuko rashtriya registerma thapieko thiyo. kingston, newyorkma scranton less company kingston mill 2013 maa suchibadha garieko thiyo. corporate recordharu 2012 maa asthira samudayik gharma sario. sann 2019 ko prarambhama yo karkhana dhwasta bhairaheko thiyo. ghadi tawarlai sanrakshit gari niyojit awasiya punarvikasma samawesh garne apeksha garieko chha.

scranton less company scranton less company, jaahaa scranton less parada company ebong scranton less parada utpadana company bhabare madhya janashuna, pensilbhaniaara scrantonre eka americae leis nirmata thile . itihas. companyti 1890 masihare scranton board off trade dwara scranton less parada utpadana company bhabare sthapita hoithila ebong june 15,1897 ray antarbhukta hoithila. scranton less company naama 1916 ray manaka hoithila jetebele scranton less parada utpadana company ebong ehara sahajaka companygudika madhyaru gotie semanankara karjyakalapaku milita karithila . 1958 masiha meey 13 tarikhare company ehara naama paribartana curry scranton less corporation rakhila, kintu taa 'parey shighra scranton less companyku ehara sarkari naama bhabe byabahara karibaku ferigala. 1916 ru 2002 parjyanta company aamerikare nothingham leisra pratham ebong sarbabruhata janashuna utpadaka hoi rahithila . companyti nottingham fita khetrare bisware agrani thila ebong anyanya aneka prakarara fita samagri madhyare tablecloth, napkin, valence ebong shawar parda madhya utpadana karithila . 1940 dashakare, company bijai parachute, ee. enn. sii. bhali sahajaka companygudika sahita milita hoithila. ebong swinee brothers. parachute ebong chadmabeshi zaal nirmana kariba. 1950 dashakare company bhal bhabe bikashita hoithila, kintu hall roach studio ebong nutan television shilpa sahita jadita bipadapurna nibesh companyku arthika bipadare pakaithila ebong sheshare 2002 ray ehara banda hebara kaaran hoithila. karakhanati anchalara sabutharu budd nijuktidata madhyaru anyatama heba satwe, ehaa 2002 ray banda hoithila ebong companyra upadhyakhya ehara karmacharimananku madhya-siftare kahithile je ehi subidha "turanta prabhabasali" banda heuchhi. ehi subidhati eka theatre, boling elie, zim, informary, cluck tawara (jaahaa eka saharar landmark ebong ethire eka chhot luha ghanta achhi) ebong anyanya subidha antarbhukta . januari 31,2011 ray, scranton city council 1315 milert aabhenyure abasthita scranton less complexes shilpa karakhanara punah bikash paain less building sahajogeemananku chudanta anumodana deithila. 2011 masihare lisawanna nadee koolare eka nadibandha sampurna heba purbaru ehi sthanati banya anchala madhyare abasthita thila ebong 2016 rahr prarambha parjyanta myaping update hoinathila, tenu bikash ataki jaithila. 2016 augustre paribesha saphei karjya arambha heba bolly aasha karajauchhi. december 30,2011 ray, companyra parityakta attalika "parityakta" television sirijara pilot episodare pradarshita hoithila . 2012 masihare karkhana parisaraku aitihasika stanagudikara jatiah panjikare samil karajaithila. nyujarkara kingstanare thiba scranton less company kingston milku 2013 masihare talikabhukta karajaithila. corporate rekardagudiku 2012 masihare asthira gosthi gruhaku sthanantara karajaithila. 2019 prarambhare ehi karakhanaku bhangi diajaithila. ghadi tawaraku sanrakhita curry jojanabaddha abasic punarbinyasare antarbhukta karajiba bolly aasha karajauchhi.

scranton lais company scranton lais company, jiss noon scranton lais parade dee company atey scranton lais parade dee nirman company vee kiha jaanda haii, scranton, pensylvania witch ikk amriki lais nirmata see. itihaas. company noon scranton board aaf trade duaara 1890 witch scranton lais parade dee nirman company vajon sathapit keeta giaa see atey 15 juun, 1897 noon shamal keeta giaa see. scranton lais company daa naam 1916 witch mankikrit hoow giaa jadon scranton lais parade dee nirman company atey iss deeaan sahaik companyan vicchon ikk neey aapne sanchalan noon jodiaa. 13 maee, 1958 noon company neey aapna naam badal keey scranton lais corporation qarr liaa, parr iss toon turant baad scranton lais company noon aapne adhikarat sirlekh vajon istemal curran laee waps aaa gaee. 1916 toon 2002 takk ih company sanyukat raaj witch nottingham feeta dee pahili atey sabh toon vaddi jaanhi jaandi utpadak rahee. company nottingham feeta witch vishav dee mohri see atey kaee horr kisman deeaan feeta vastan dey naal table cloth, napkin, valence atey shawar parade vee tiaar kardi see. 1940 dey dahake dauran, company neey sahaik companyan jiven kii vikki parachute, ink. naal mill keey kamm keeta. atey saveeni bharaa. parachute atey chhalavaran natting daa nirman karna. company 1950 dey dahake witch changi tarahan prafullat hoee, parr haal roach studio atey navein television udyog naal jude jokham bharey niveshan neey company noon vitti khatre witch paa ditta atey aakharkar 2002 witch iss noon bnd qarr ditta. iss dey bavjood kii ih factory khetar dey sabh toon vadde malkan vicchon ikk see, ih 2002 witch bnd hoow gaee jadon company dey upp pardhan neey aapne karamchariaan noon kiha kii ih sahulat "turant prabhavshali" haii. iss sahulat witch ikk theatre, gendbazi glee, gymnasium, hospital, ghadi tower (joe kii ikk shehar daa meal patthar haii atey iss witch ikk bahut hii sutti hoee lohe dee ghanti haii) atey horr sahulatan shamal sunn. 31 janwari, 2011 noon, scranton city consul neey 1315 myelert aivenioo vikhe sathit scranton lais complexes udyogik factory noon mudd vikast curran laee lais building naal sabandhat sangathanan noon antam manzuri dey ditti. vikas rook giaa see kiunki 2011 witch lakkwana nadee dey naal ikk bnnh noon poora curran toon pahilan site ikk hadah khetar dey ander sathit see atey mapping noon 2016 dey shuru witch update naheen keeta giaa see. vatavaran dee safai daa kamm agast 2016 witch shuru honn dee umeed haii. 30 dasambar, 2011 noon, company dee chaddi gaee imaarat noon "chaddi gaee" television luddy dey pilot episode witch pradarshit keeta giaa see. iss factory complexes noon 2012 witch itihasak sathanan dey rashtari register witch shamal keeta giaa see. kingsten, newyork vikhe scranton lais company kingsten mill noon 2013 witch suchibadh keeta giaa see. corporate ricard noon 2012 witch asthir community haaoos witch tabdil qarr ditta giaa see. saal 2019 dey shuru witch iss plant noon dhahiaa jaa riha see. ghadi tower noon surakhiat rakkhan atey yojnabadh rihaishi punar vikas witch shamal keete jaanh dee umeed haii.

scranton less kampanee scranton less curton kampanee iti namna api prasidhah scranton less curton kampanee, pensylvania-deshasya scranton-nagare sthitah american less-nirmata aasit. itihaasah. 1890 tame varshe scranton-less-curton-nirmaana-kampanee iti scranton-board-aaf-trade ityanena samsthaapitaa eshaa kampanee, 1897 tame varshe joon-masasya 15 dinaanke nigamaa krutaa, 1916 tame varshe scranton-less-carpeny iti naam maanakeekrutam abhavat, yadaa scranton-less-curton-nirmaana-kampanee, tasya ekaa sahaayak-kampanee cha teshaam karyani samyojitavantah. 1958 mey 13 dinaanke, kampanee swasya naam scranton less corporation iti parivartayat, parantu tadanantaram sheeghramev scranton less kampanee iti naam adhikarikam sheershakam upayoktum punah aarabdham. 1916 taha 2002 paryantam eshaa kampanee samyuktarajyamerikadesha notinghaam less ityasya prathamam bruhattamam cha utpaadakam aasit. kampanee notinghaam-less ityasmin vishvanetru aasit, api cha anyaih anekeshu prakaareshu less-vastubhihi saha tebul-clats, nepkins, velance, shavar-pardaah cha nirmitavatee. 1940 tame dashake, kampanee victory-parachutes, ink ityadinam sahaayakasamsthaih saha militavatee. swini brothers. parachut-nirmitanam chadmavesha-jalanam cha nirmaanam. 1950 tame dashake kampanee-samsthaa susruddhim avaapnot, parantu haal-roch-studios tathaa navanirmit-dooradarshan-udyogena sambadhaah jokhimapurn-niveshaah kampenee-samsthaam vitteey-apaayam asthaapayan, ante 2002 tame varshe tasya parisamaaptih abhavat. yadyapi karakhana-kshetrasya bruhattama-niyoktrushu anyatamah aasit, tathaapi 2002 tame varshe kampanee-upadhyakshah tasya karmachaaribhyah, madhya-shift-madhye, suvidhaa "tatkshanameva prabhaavayutam" iti uktvaa, tatt parisamaaptavaan. asmin suvidhaayaam naatyagruham, bauling-ailee, vyayamashala, chikitsaalayah, clack-tower (yat nagarasya sthalachihnam asti, yatra atyantam cast-airan-bell asti) ityadini suvidhaah cha aasan. 2011 janavaree 31 dinaanke scranton nagaraparishada 1315 mailart evanyoo ityatra sthitasya scranton less-sankeernasy audyogika-karakhanayaha punarwikaasaay less-bhavana-sambadhaanaam krute antimam anumodanam dattavatee. 2011 tame varshe laksavanna-nadyaah paarshve tatabandhasy nirmanat poorvam, ayam pradesha jalapralayakshetrasy antah aasit, 2016 tamasya varshasya aarambhaparyantam manachitranasya adyataneekaranam naa krutam iti karanat vikaasah sthaganah abhavat, paryaawaran-swacchataayaah karyam 2016 tamasya varshasya august-maase arabhyate iti apekshitam asti. 2011 december 30 dinaanke "parityakta" dooradarshan-shrunkhalaayaah prayogika-prakaranasya pradarshane kampenee-samsthaayaah parityakta-bhavanam abhoot. 2012 tame varshe aitihasikasthananam rashtriya-panjeeye karakhana-parisarah yojitah. nyooyaark-nagarasya kingston-nagare sthitasya scranton-less-kampanee kingston-mill 2013 tame varshe suchim praapnot. 2012 tame varshe corporate-abhilekhaah asthira-samudaay-gruham prati sthaanaantaritaah. 2019 tamavarshasya aarambhe eva ayam karakhana vighatitah aasit. ghadiyalagopuram samrakshitam, niyojita-aawaaseey-punarwikaas-kaarye cha samaaveshayitum apekshitam asti.

scranton laes niruvanam scranton laes thirai niruvanam endrum azhaikkappadum scrandon laes laes niruvanam, scrandon laes thirai urpaththi niruvanam endrum azhaikkappadum scrandon laes niruvanam, benzylvaniavin scrandonil ulla oru america laes urpaththiyaalar aagum. varalaaru. 1890 aam aandil scranton laes thirai urpaththi niruvanamaaga scrandon varththaga vaariyatthaal niruvapatta inththa niruvanam juun 15,1897 andru inaikkappattathu. scrandon laes thirai urpaththi niruvanamum adhan thunai niruvanangalil ondrum thangal seyalpaadugalai inaiththapoathu scrandon laes niruvanam endra peyar 1916 ill tharappaduththappattathu. mae 13,1958 andru, niruvanam thanathu peyarai scranton laes corporation endru maattriyathu, aanaal viraivil scrandon laes niruvanatthai adhan athikaarappoorva thalaippaagap payanpaduththiyathu. 1916 muthal 2002 varai inththa niruvanam americavil nottingham laes urpaththiyin muthal mattrum migapperiya urpaththiyaalaraaka irunththathu. inththa niruvanam nottingham sarigaiyil ulagath thalaivaraaga irunththathu, maelum pala vagaiyaana sarigai porutkalil mejaikkattai, naapkingal, valence mattrum shawar thiraichcheelaikal aagiyavattrai urpaththi seithathu. seithathu, inththa niruvanam vettri parasuits, ink poantra thunai niruvanangaludan inainthathu. mattrum sweeni broze. paaraasoottukal mattrum maraimuga valaiyai urpaththi seiya. seiya inththa niruvanam nanku sezhiththu valarnthathu, aanaal haal roach studiyoakkal mattrum puthiya tholaikaatchi thozhil sambanthappatta aabaththaana muthaleedugal niruvanatthai nidhi abaayaththil aazhththiyathu, iruthiyil irunththapoathilum adhan moodalukku vazhivaguththathu. thozhirchaalai appaguthiyin migapperiya muthalaaligalil ontraaka irunththapoathilum, irunththapoathilum moodappattathu, niruvanaththin thunaith thalaivar adhan oozhiyargalidam, idainiruththaththin poathu, inththa vasathi "udanadiyaaga nadaimuraikku varukirathu" endru koorinaar. inththa vasathiyil oru theater, pandhuveechchu santhu, udarpayirchik koodam, maruththuvamanaigal, kadikaara koopuram (idhu oru nagara milecal mattrum oru menley cast irumbu manii ullathu) mattrum pira vasathigal irunththana. janavari 31,2011 andru, scranton nagara sabai 1315 mylort avenuevil amainthulla scrandon laes complexes thozhilthurai thozhirchaalaiyai maruvadivamaikka laes kattida thunai niruvanangalukku iruthi opputhal aliththathu. 2011 aam aandil lechwanna aattrin kurukkae oru kattam mudikkappaduvatharku munbu inththa thalam vella mandalaththirkul amainthirunthathaal valarchi niruththappattathu, maelum 2016 aam aandin thodakkam varai varaipadam pudhuppikkappadavillai. suttruchchoozhal suththam seiyum panikal august 2016 ill thodangum endru ethirpaarkkappadukirathu. disambar 30,2011 andru, niruvanaththin kaividappatta kattidam "kaividappatta" tholaikaatchi thodarin munnoadi aththiyaayaththil idampettrathu. thozhirchaalai valaagam 2012 aam aandil varalaattru idangkalin thaesiya pathivaettil serkkappattathu. newyorkin kingstenil ulla scranton laes niruvanamaana kingsten aalai 2013 aam aandil pattiyalidappattathu. peruniruvana pathivukal 2012 aam aandil waverley samooga illaththirku maattrappattana. 2019 aam aandin thodakkaththil inththa aalai idikkappattathu. kadikaara koopuram paathukaakkappattu thittamidappatta kudiyiruppu maruvadivamaippil inaikkappadum endru ethirpaarkkappadukirathu.

scranton laes company scranton laes curtain company mariyu scranton laes curtain tayari samstha anie kooda piluvabade scranton laes company, pensylvanialoni scrantonlo oka american laes tayaareedaaru. charitra. eee samsthanu scranton board off trade trade scranton laes curtain tayari samsthagaa sthaapinchindi mariyu juun 15,1897naa vileenam cheyabadindi. scranton laes curtain tayari samstha mariyu daani anubandha samsthalalo okati vaari karyakalapalanu kalipinappudu scranton laes company anae paeru paeru praamaanikam cheyabadindi. 1958 mae 13naa, company thana paerunu scranton laes corporationga maarchukundi, conny aaa taruvaata ventane scranton laes company anae paerunu daani adhikaarika sheershikagaa upayoginchadaaniki tirigi vachindi. 1916 nundi 2002 varaku eee samstha samyukta rashtraalalo nottingham laes yokka modati mariyu atipedda utpattidaarugaa undipoyindi. eee samstha nottingham laes loe prapancha nayakudiga undhi mariyu aneka itara rakaala laes vastuvulalo tableclathlu, napkinlu, valenslu mariyu shawar kartenlanu kooda utpatti chesindi. chesindi, company victory paaraachuutlu, ink vanti anubandha samsthalatho jatakattindi. mariyu sweeney brothers. paaraachuutlu mariyu mabhyapette valalu tayaaru cheyadam. cheyadam company baga abhivruddhi chendindi, conny haall roach studiolu mariyu kotta television parisramatho kuudina pramaadakara pettubadulu companyni aardhika pramaadamloo padesai mariyu chivariki ayinappatikee daani moosivetaku daariteesaayi. factory eee praantamlooni atipedda yajamaanulalo okati ayinappatikee, ayinappatikee moosiveyabadindi, company vais president thana udyogulaku, shift madhyalo, eee soukaryam "ventane amaluloki" vastundani chepparu. eee sadupaayamlo theatre, bowling alle, vyaayaamasaala, aaspatri, gadiyara tower (idhi nagaraniki oka mylurayi mariyu dheenilo oka chinna inupa ganta undhi) mariyu itara soukaryaalu unnaayi. janavari 31,2011naa, scranton city council 1315 milert avenuelo unna scranton laes complexes paarisraamika karmagaranni tirigi abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki laes building anubandha samsthalaku tudi aamodam telipindi. telipindi lakwanna nadhi venta oka katta poortayye mundu eee pradaesam varada jonelo unnanduna abhivruddhi nilichipoyindi mariyu 2016 prarambham varaku mapping naveekarinchabadaledu. paryaavarana subhrapariche pani augustu augustu praarambhamavutundani bhaavistunnaaru. december 30,2011naa, company yokka vidichipettabadina bhavanam "parityakta" television syries yokka prayogaatmaka episodelo pradarsinchabadindi. factory complexes recordulanu chaaritraka pradaesaala jaateeya registerlo cherchabadindi. kingston, newyorkloni scranton laes company kingston millu millu jabita cheyabadindi. corporate recordulanu recordulanu waverley community houseku taralinchaaru. 2019 praarambhamlo eee karmagaranni kuulchiveesaaru. gadiyara gopuram samrakshinchabadutundani mariyu pranaalikaabaddhamaina nivaasa punaraabhivruddhilo cherchabadutundani bhaavistunnaaru.

screetan lees company screetan lees company jasay screetan lees parday kii company aur screetan lees parday kii menofecturing company kay naam say bhee jaana jaataa hay screetan pensalvania mein eek americi lees bananay waali company thee. tareekh. iss company kuu screetan board aaf trade nay 1890 mein screetan lees parday kii tayari karnay waali company kay toor parr qayem kiyaa thaa aur asay 15 joone 1897 kuu shaamil kiyaa gayaa thaa. screetan lees company kaa naam 1916 mein iss waqat mayari banaa jabb screetan lees parday kii tayari karnay waali company aur iss kii zeeli companiyon mein say eek nay apnay kaamon kuu yakja kiyaa. 13 mayee 1958 kuu company nay apnaa naam badal kirr scrantin lees corporation rakh liyaa leakin iss kay foraa baad scrantin lees company kuu apnay sarkaari anwaan kay toor parr istemaal karnay parr waps aaa gayee. 1916 say 2002 takk yaha company riyasathaye muthadah mein notingham lees kii pehli aur sabb say bury maruf producer rahee. yaha company notingham lees mein aalimi rehnuma thee aur iss nay kayee deegar qasm kii lees itoms kay elawah table klaath napkin valence aur shawar parinday bhee tayaar kiye. 1940 kii dahayi kay doraan company nay vikat parashot incorporated jaisi zeeli companiyon kay saath mill kirr kaam kiyaa. aur sweeni baradaran. parashot aur chheednay waali jaal kaaree tayaar karnaa. company 1950 kii dahayi mein achhi tarah say tarqi kirr rahee thee leakin haal roch studios aur nayee teeli vision industry parr mushtamil khatarnaak sarmayah kaaree nay company kuu maali khatray mein ddaal diyaa aur balaakhir 2002 mein iss kii bandash kaa baais bunny. factory elaqay kay sabb say baday aajron mein say eek honay kay bawajood yaha 2002 mein bund how gayee jabb company kay naib sadr nay apnay mulazimin cow wast shift mein bataya kahh yaha sahulat "fouri toor parr mosar" how rahee hay. iss sahulat mein eek theater boling galee jamnazeem hospital klaak tower (juu kahh shehar kaa eek tarikhi maqaam hay aur iss mein eek mamuli cast lohay kii ghanti hay) aur deegar sahuliyaat shaamil thein. 31 januri 2011 cow scrantin stee konsal nay 1315 mellert avenio parr waaqa scrantin lees complex industrail factory kuu dobarah tayaar karnay kay liye lees building say waabistah idaaron kuu hatmi manzori day dee. tarqi rakk gayee thee keunkah yaha jagah 2011 mein daryaae leswana kay kinaray eek putty makmal honay say pehley sailaab kay elaqay mein waaqa thee aur nqsha saazi kuu 2016 kay awail takk app ddait nahein kiyaa gayaa thaa. mahuliyati safayi kaa kaam agast 2016 mein sharoo honay kii toqaa hay. 30 dasambar 2011 cow company kii turk shadah emarat kuu "turk shadah" teeli vision seerez kay pilot qast mein dikhaya gayaa thaa. factory complex kuu 2012 mein tarikhi maqamat kay qomi register mein shaamil kiyaa gayaa thaa. kingsten neoyork mein scrantin lees company kingsten mill kuu 2013 mein darj kiyaa gayaa thaa. corporate record kuu 2012 mein altay community house mein muntaqil kirr diyaa gayaa thaa. 2019 kay awail takk plant kuu manhadam kiyaa jaa rehaa thaa. ghadi tower kuu mahfuz rakhnay aur mansubah bund rehaishi bahaali mein shaamil karnay kii toqaa hay.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=386209

Roberto Assagioli

Roberto Assagioli Italian psychiatrist and pioneer (1888–1974) Roberto Assagioli (27 February 1888 – 23 August 1974) was an Italian psychiatrist and pioneer in the fields of humanistic and transpersonal psychology. Assagioli founded the psychological movement known as psychosynthesis, which is still being developed today by therapists and psychologists who practice the psychological methods and techniques he developed. His work, including two books and many monographs published as pamphlets, emphasized the possibility of progressive integration (that is, synthesis) of the personality. Life. Assagioli was born on 27 February 1888 in Venice, Italy, from a middle-class, Jewish background. He was born Roberto Marco Grego, the son of Elena Kaula and Leone Greco. However, his biological father died when Assagioli was two years old, and his mother remarried to Alessandro Emanuele Assagioli soon afterward. Assagioli was exposed to many creative outlets at a young age, such as art and music, which were believed to have inspired his work in Psychosynthesis. By the age of 18, he had learned eight different languages, including Italian (his native tongue), English, French, Russian, Greek, Latin, German, and Sanskrit. It was at this age that he began to travel, mainly to Russia, where he learned about social systems and politics. In 1922 he married a young woman named Nella Ciapetti, and they had one son, Ilario Assagioli. In 1940, Assagioli was arrested and imprisoned by Benito Mussolini's Fascist government, having been accused of "praying for peace and inviting others to join him along with other international crimes." He was placed in a solitary cell in Regina Coeli prison for 27 nights, until he was released and returned to his family. During World War II, his family's farm in Florence, Italy was destroyed, and both he and his family went into hiding in the Catenaia Alps (in the province of Arezzo) and in the Upper Tiber Valley. His son died at the age of 28 from lung disease, which was accredited to severe stress from the harsh living conditions during the war. After the war ended, Assagioli returned to his work and began his legacy, known as Psychosynthesis. The years after the war were relatively calm, and it was during this time that he founded various foundations dedicated to Psychosynthesis in Europe and North America. Assagioli lived a long and prosperous life with a happy forty-year marriage until he died at age 86 on 23 August 1974. The cause of his death was unknown. Assagioli did not like to discuss his personal life, as he preferred to be remembered for his scientific work. Very few biographical accounts about the life of Assagioli are available, and most are not in English. Education. Assagioli received his first degree in neurology and psychiatry at Istituto di Studii Superiori Pratici e di Perfezionamento, in Florence in 1910. During this time, he began writing articles criticizing psychoanalysis, arguing that he had a more holistic approach. After finishing his studies in Italy, Assagioli went to Switzerland, where he was trained in psychiatry at the psychiatric hospital Burghölzli in Zürich. This led to him opening the first psychoanalytic practice in Italy, known as Istituto di Psicosintesi. However, his work in psychoanalysis left him unsatisfied with the field of psychiatry; as a whole, he felt that psychoanalysis was incomplete. Psychosynthesis. Inspiration and development. Assagioli is famous for developing and founding the science of psychosynthesis, a spiritual and holistic approach to psychology that had developed from psychoanalysis. He was largely inspired by Freud's idea of the repressed mind and Jung's theories of the collective unconscious. Trained in psychoanalysis but unsatisfied by what he regarded as its incompleteness as a whole, Assagioli felt that love, wisdom, creativity, and will all were important components that should be included in psychoanalysis. Assagioli's earliest development of Psychosynthesis started in 1911, when he began his formal education in psychology. He continued his work on Psychosynthesis right up until his death. Freud and Assagioli were known to have corresponded, although they never had the chance to meet. Assagioli said, "Psychosynthesis presupposes psychoanalysis, or rather, includes it as a first and necessary stage." However, Assagioli disagreed with theories formulated by Sigmund Freud that he considered limiting. He refused to accept Freud's reductionism and neglect of the positive dimensions of the personality. Psychosynthesis became the first approach born of psychoanalysis that also included the artistic, altruistic and heroic potentials of the human being. Assagioli's work was more in alignment with psychologist, Carl Jung. Both Assagioli and Jung validated the importance of the spiritual level of human existence. Assagioli shared with Jung the insight that psychological symptoms can be triggered by spiritual dynamics. Assagioli considered Jung's theories to be closest to his understanding of psychosynthesis. Assagioli accredited much of his inspiration for psychosynthesis to his month-long incarceration in solitary confinement in 1940. He used his time in prison to exercise his mental will by meditating daily. He concluded that he was able to change his punishment into an opportunity to investigate his inner-self. "Psychology Today" interview. In the December 1974 issue of "Psychology Today", Assagioli was interviewed by Sam Keen, in which Assagioli discussed the differences between Freudian psychoanalysis and psychosynthesis: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />We pay far more attention to the higher unconscious and to the development of the transpersonal self. In one of his letters Freud said, "I am interested only in the basement of the human being." Psychosynthesis is interested in the whole building. We try to build an elevator which will allow a person access to every level of his personality. After all, a building with only a basement is very limited. We want to open up the terrace where you can sun-bathe or look at the stars. Our concern is the synthesis of all areas of the personality. That means psychosynthesis is holistic, global and inclusive. It is not against psychoanalysis or even behavior modification but it insists that the needs for meaning, for higher values, for a spiritual life, are as real as biological or social needs. We deny that there are any isolated human problems. Assagioli noted that Carl Jung, "of all modern psychotherapists, is the closest in theory and practice to psychosynthesis", and further expanded on the similarities between his own and Jung's views: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />In the practice of therapy we both agree in rejecting 'pathologism' that is, concentration upon morbid manifestations and symptoms of a supposed psychological 'disease'. We regard man as a fundamentally healthy organism in which there may be temporary malfunctioning. Nature is always trying to re-establish harmony, and within the psyche the principle of synthesis is dominant. Irreconcilable opposites do not exist. The task of therapy is to aid the individual in transforming the personality and integrating apparent contradictions. Both Jung and myself have stressed the need for a person to develop the higher psychic functions, the spiritual dimension. He also highlighted the differences between Jung's work and psychosynthesis: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />Perhaps the best way to state our differences is with a diagram of the psychic functions. Jung differentiates four functions: sensation, feeling, thought, and intuition. Psychosynthesis says that Jung's four functions do not provide for a complete description of the psychological life. Our view can be visualized like this: We hold that outside imagination or fantasy is a distinct function. There is also a group of functions that impels us toward action in the outside world. This group includes instincts, tendencies, impulses, desires, and aspirations. And here we come to one of the central foundations of psychosynthesis: There is a fundamental difference between drives, impulses, desires, and the will. In the human condition there are frequent conflicts between desire and will. And we will place the will in a central position at the heart of self-consciousness or the ego. Assagioli asserted about the will: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />The will is not merely assertive, aggressive, and controlling. There is the accepting will, yielding will, the dedicated will. You might say that there is a feminine polarity to the will – the willing surrender, the joyful acceptance of the other functions of the personality. At the end of the interview, Keen himself concluded: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />It is hard to know what counts as evidence for the validity of a world view and the therapeutic it entails. Every form of therapy has dramatic successes and just as dramatic failures. Enter as evidence in the case for psychosynthesis an ad hominem argument: in speaking about death there was no change in the tone or intensity of Assagioli's voice and the light still played in his dark eyes, and his mouth was never very far from a smile. Spiritual work. Assagioli was also interested and active in the field of consciousness and transpersonal work. Having studied theosophy and Eastern philosophy, his written work developed different meditation techniques, including reflective, receptive and creative meditation. He also contributed to several spiritual groups in the tradition known as the "ageless wisdom." He founded two groups intended to teach meditation based on the ideas of the New Age teacher Alice Bailey: The Group for Creative Meditation and the Meditation Group for the New Age. He was also a co-founder of the School for Esoteric Studies, intended to teach the work of Alice Bailey at an advanced level. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

robertu esajiuli robertu esajiyuli (27 february 1888-23 aagosto 1974) ejon italy monurug bixexogyo aaru manobotabadi aaru transpersional monubigyanor khetrot ogroni aasil. esajiulie monuxongslexon naamere jonajat monostatwik andulon protistha korisil, jitu aajiu teu bikoxito koraa monostatwik poddhoti aaru kouxolxomuh onuxilon koraa therapisto aaru monubigyanixokolor dwara bikoxito koraa hoise. teur kaam, zo "too dukhon kitap aaru pustika hisape prokaxito bohutu monugraph ontorbhukto aasil, byoktitwor progotixil ekotrikoron (orthat xongslexon) ror xombhawonar uporot gurutwo aarup korisil. jiwan. 1888 sonor 27 februaryt italyr venisot modhyobitto, ihudi potobhumir poraa axajiyulir jonmo hoisil. teur jonmo hoisil elena kaula aaru liun grekur putro robertu marku gregg "too. obosye, asagiyulir dubosor boyoxot teur joibik pitrir mrityu hoisil, aaru teur matriye iyar kichu xomoyor pisote alessandru emmanuel asagiyulir xoite punor bibahpaxot aabodho hoisil. anegioli komm boyoxote kolaa aaru xongitor dore bohutu sristixil outletor xongosporxoloi aahisil, jibure teur monuxongslexonor kaamot onupranito korisil buli biswax koraa hoisil. 18 bosor boyxoloike teu aathta bhinno bhaxa xikichil, jaar bhitorot aasil italy (teur matrivaxa), ingraji, forasi, rasian, greek, letin, german aaru xongoskrito. ei boyoxote teu mukhyotoh rasiya bhromon koriboloi aarombho korisil, zo 'too teu xamajik byowostha aaru rajneetir bixoye xikichil. 1922 sonot teu nella siyapetti naamor egoraki jubotik biyaa koray, aaru teulukor ilario "asagiyuli naamor ejon putro aasil. 1940 sonot, ungiolik benitu musulinir fyaxibadi sorkare greptar kori karagarot bondi korisil, "xantir baabe prarthona koraa aaru aan antohrastriyo oporadhor logote aanoku teur xoite jug diboloi aamontron jonuwar obhijug utthapon koraa hoisil."teuk mukti diya aaru poriyaloloi ghurai onaa porjonto 27 raati regina kuweli karagaror etaa ekanto kuthat rokha hoisil. dwitiyo biswojudhor xomoyot italyr fluorenceot thoka teur poriyalor kheti pothar dhongxo hoisil aaru teu aaru teur poriyal duyujonei ketenia alpos (aareju prodexor) aaru uporor taibar upotyokat lukai aasil. teur putror 28 bosor boyoxot haufau rugot mrityu hoisil, jitu juddhor xomoyot kothur jiwan dharonor poristhitir poraa huwa tibro sapor baabe swikriti laabh korisil. juddho xex huwar pisot, esajiuli teur kamoloi ubhoti aahisil aaru teur uttoradhikar aarombho korisil, jaak monuxongslexon buli jonaa yaay. juddhor pisor bosorbur tulonamulokbhabe xanto aasil, aaru ei xomoisuwat teu euroop aaru uttor aamerikat monuxongslexonor baabe utxorgikrito bibhinno bheti protistha korisil. 1974 sonor 23 aagostot 86 bosor boyoxot mrityu huwaloike asagiyuli ek xukhi sollix bosoriya bibahor xoite ek digholiya aaru xomridhixali jiwan otibahito korisil. teur mrityur kaaron ogyat aasil. esajiyuli teur byoktigoto jiwanor bixoye alusona koriboloi bhaal puwa nasil, kiyonu teu teur boigyanik kaamor baabe smoroniyo hoh "boloi posondo korisil. esajiulir jiwanor bixoye oti komm jibonimulok biboron upolobdho, aaru besibhag ingrajit naai. xikhya. 1910 sonot fluorenceor istitutu di study xuporiori pratixi ee di perfagionament "too esajiulie snayubigyan aaru monubigyanor prothom degree laabh korisil. ei xomoisuwat teu monubislexonor xomaluchona kori probondho likhiboloi aarombho korisil, jukti disil je teur ek odhik xamogrik dristibhongi aase. italyt porha-xuna xompurno korar pisot, asagiyuli suijarlendoloi goisil, zo 'too teu jurisor monurug sikitsaloy barguljolit monurugor proxikhyon laabh korisil. iyar folot teu italyt prothom monubislexok onuxilon aarombho korisil, jaak istitutu di cycocintacy buli jonaa yaay. obosye, monubislexonor khetrot teur kaamor folot teu monusikitxar khetrot oxontusto hoi porisil; xamogrikbhabe, teu onubhob korisil je monubislexon oxompurno. monuxongslexon. onuprerona aaru bikax. esajiuli monubigyanor bigyanor bikax aaru protisthar baabe bikhyat, monubigyanor proti ek adhyatmik aaru xamogrik dristibhongi ji monubislexonor poraa bikoxito hoisil. teu mulotoh friedor domnito monor dharona aaru xamuhik osetonor bixoye jongro totwor dwara onupranito hoisil. monubislexonot proxikhito kintu xamogrikbhabe iyar oxompurnota hisape bibesona korar dwara oxontusto, esajiuli onubhob korisil je prem, progya, sristixilota aaru issaxokti xokolu guruttopurno upadan ji monubislexonot ontorbhukto koribo laage. 1911 sonot teu monubigyanor anusthanik xikhya aarombho korar loge loge esajiyulir monuxongslexonor prarombhik bikax aarombho hoisil. teu mrityu porjonto monuxongslexonor uporot kaam obyahot rakhisil. froyed aaru esajiulir maajot jugajug aasil buli jonaa goisil, jodiu teuluke ketiyau log puwar xujug puwa nasil. esajiulie koichil, "monuxongslexonoi monubislexonor prostab diye, baa iyar poriworte iyak prothom aaru proyujoniyo porzay hisape ontorbhukto kore." obosye, esajiyuli sigmund friedor dwara prostut koraa totwoxomuhor xoite ekmot nasil jaak teu ximito koraa buli bibesona korisil. teu friedor hraxbad aaru byoktitwor itibasok matrar proti owohela koratu swikar koriboloi oswikar korisil. monuxongslexon monubislexonor poraa jonmo luwa prothom poddhoti hoi porisil zo 'too manuhor kolatmok, porupkari aaru birotwopurno xombhawonau ontorbhukto aasil. esajiulir kaam monubigyani carl jongro xoite odhik xonghot aasil. esajiuli aaru jong duyutai manob ostitwor adhyatmik storor gurutwor proman korisil. adhyatmik gotixilotai manoxik lokhyonbur sristi koribo paare buli esajiulie jongro xoite ontordristi bhag botora korisil. esajiulie jongro totwoxomuhok teur monuxongslexonor bujaar nikototom buli bibesona korisil. 1940 sonot esajiulie monuxongslexonor baabe teur preronar besibhagei teur ek maah dhori nirjon karagarot bondi hoi thokar baabe swikriti disil. teu karagarot thoka xomoikhini doinik dhyan kori teur manoxik issa proyug koriboloi byobohar korisil. teu ei xiddhantot uponeet hoisil je teu nijor xasti nijor bhitoror aatmor bixoye todonto korar xujugoloi xoloni koriboloi xokhyom hoisil. "aajir monubigyan" xakhyatkar. 1974 sonor disembor maahot "aajir monubigyan" ror xongkhyat, chem uisite esajiulik xakhyatkar loisil, zo "too esajiulie friedian monubislexon aaru monuxongslexonor maajor parthokyoxomuh alusona korisiloh esajiyuli ullekh korisil je "xokolu aadhunik monusikitxokor bhitorot carl jong hoise monuxongslexonor totwo aaru onuxilonor khetrot ataitkoi usorot", aaru teur nijor aaru jongro dristibhongir maajor xadrisyor uporot odhik xomproxarito hoisiloh teu jongro kaam aaru monuxongslexonor maajor parthokyoxomuhor uporotu alukpat korisiloh esajiulie issar bixoye drirhotare koichiloh xakyatkaror xexot, aagrohiye nijei ei xiddhantot uponeet hoisiloh adhyatmik kaam. esajiuli setona aaru transpersional kaamor khetrotu aagrohi aaru xokriyo aasil. isworbigyan aaru pubo dorxon odhyoyon korar pisot, teur likhito kormoi protipholito, grohonjugyo aaru sristixil dhyanoke dhori bibhinno dhyan kouxol bikoxito korisil. teu "boyxohin gyan" naamere jonajat poromporar keibatau adhyatmik gutoloi orihona jugaisil."teu notun jugor xikhyok elix bailyr dharonar uporot aadharito kori dhyan xikuwar uddesye dutaa gutt protistha korisiloh sristixil dhyanor baabe gutt aaru notun jugor baabe dhyan gutt. teu guhyo odhyoyonor bidyaloyor xoho-protisthapok aasil, jaar uddesyo aasil unnot porzayot elix bailyr kaam xikuwa.

robarto assagioli robarto assagioli (27 february 1888-23 august 1974) ekjon italiya monorog biseshoggo ebong manabatabadi oo transporsional monobigganer khettre aggragami chhilen. assagioli manosangshleshan naame porichito monostattik andolon protistha korechilen, jaa aajo therapist ebong monobigganider dwara bikoshito hachche jaaraa taar bikoshito monostattik poddhoti ebong kaushalguli anushilan korey. duti boi ebong pustika hisabe prokashito onek monograph soho taanr kaaj byaktitter progotishil sanhatkaraner (arthat sangshleshan) sombhabonar upor jore diyechilo. jeebon. asazioli 1888 saaler 27shhey february italir venis shohore ekti modhyobitto, ihudi potobhumite jonmogrohon corren. tini elena kaula ebong leone grecor putro roberto marco gregote jonmogrohon corren. zaihok, assagiolir dui bochor boyse taar baba maaraa zaan ebong taar maa shighroi alessandro emmanuel assagiolir saathe punra biye corren. assagioli alpo boyse shilp oo sangiter moto onek srijanshil outleter sangosparshe esechilen, jaa monosongshleshone taanr kaajke anupranito korechilo boley money koraa hoy. 18 bochor boyse tini italian (taanr matribhasha), ingrezi, farasi, russian, greek, lattin, german ebong sangaskrito soho atti vinno bhasha shikhechilen. eyi boysei tini mulat rashiya bhromon shuru corren, jekhane tini samajik byabostha ebong rajneeti somporke shikhechilen. 1922 saale tini nella siappatti naame eka juboti mohilake biye corren ebong taader ilario asazioli naame eka putro hoy. 1940 saale, benito musolinir fasibadi sarkar dwara assagiolike greptar oo kararuddho koraa hoy, jaar biruddhe "shantir jonno prarthona koraa ebong anyanno antorjatik aporadher pashapashi onnoder taar saathe jog deoar jonno amantran jananor abhijog aanaa hoy."taake 27 raat regina quelir karagare ekti nirjan kokkhe rakha hoyechilo, jotokkhon naa seey mukti paay ebong taar poribarer kachhe firey aase. dwitiya bishwojuddher somoy, italir florence taanr poribarer khamar dhongso hoye yaay ebong tini ebong taanr poribar ubhayi ketenia alps (arezzo prodeshe) ebong uporer tiber upottokai atmagopan corren. taanr putro 28 bochor boyse fusfuser rogey maaraa zaan, jaa juddher somoy kathor jeebonjatrar karone gurutoro chaaper jonno swikrito chhilo. juddho shesh howar porr, assagioli taar kaaje firey asen ebong taar uttoradhikar shuru corren, jaa manosangshleshan naame porichito. juddher porer bochorguli tulonamulokbhabe shanto chhilo ebong eyi somoyei tini europe oo uttor america monosongshleshoner jonno nibedito bivinno vitti protistha korechilen. asazioli 1974 saaler 23shhey august 86 bochor boyse maaraa yawar agey porjonto challish bochorer sukhi bibaher sange deergho ebong samriddha jeebonjapon korechilen. taanr mrityur kaaron ajana chhilo. assagioli taanr byaktigato jeebon niye alochona korte pochondo korten naa, kaaron tini taanr boigyanik kaajer jonno smaraniya hoye thakte pochondo korten. assagiolir jeebon somporke khub qama jeebonimulok biboron pawa yaay ebong beshirbhagi ingrezite noy. shikkha. assagioli 1910 saale florencer istituto dii studdy superiori pratisi ee dii perfagionamentote snaybik oo monorogobiggane taanr prothom degree orjon corren. eyi somoye, tini monobishleshoner samalochana korey nibondho likhte shuru corren, jukti diyechilen jey taanr arow samogrik drishtibhongi royeche. italite padashona shesh korar porr, asazioli suizerlande zaan, jekhane tini jurikher monorog hospital burgholjalite monorog chikitsai proshikkhon nene. err foley tini italite prothom monobishleshok anushilan shuru corren, jaa istituto dii secosyntasy naame porichito. zaihok, monobishleshone taanr kaaj taanke manorogbidyar khettro niye asantushta korey; samogrikbhabe, tini onubhob korechilen jey manobishleshan asampurna. manosangshleshan. anuprerana ebong unnayan. assagioli monobigganer bigyaner bikash oo protisthar jonno bikhyato, monobigganer ekti adhyattik oo samogrik poddhoti jaa manobishleshan theke bikoshito hoyechilo. tini mulat froider nipidito monn somporke dharona ebong jong-err sommilito ochetonotar totto dwara anupranito hoyechilen. monobishleshone proshikkhito kintu samogrikbhabe asampurnata hisabe bibechito howa asantushta hoye assagioli onubhob korechilen jey prem, progga, srijanshilata ebong ichchashokti soboi guruttopurno upadan jaa monobishleshone antarbhukta koraa uchito. 1911 saale assagiolir monosongshleshoner prothom bikash shuru hoy, jokhon tini monobiggane taanr anusthanik shikkha shuru corren. mrityur augh porjonto tini monosongshleshoner upor taanr kaaj chaliye zaan. fried ebong assagioli jogajog korechilen boley jaanaa yaay, jodio taader kokhono dekha korar sujog hoyney. assagioli bollen, "manosangshleshan monobishleshoner purbabhas deyo, baa borong, etike prothom ebong prayojaniya porjai hisabe antarbhukta korey." tobey, siegmund froider praneet tottogulir sange assagioli ekmat chhilen naa, jeguli tini seemaboddho korar kotha bhebechilen. tini froider hrasbad ebong byaktitter itibachak matra abohela meney nitey aswikar korechilen. manosangshleshan monobishleshoner prothom pontha hoye othe jaar modhye manusher shoilpik, poropkari ebong birottopurno sombhabonao antarbhukta chhilo. assagiolir kaaj manobigyani curl jong-err sange arow beshi samanjasyapurna chhilo. assagioli ebong jong ubhayi manob astitter adhyattik storer guruttoke boidho koreche. assagioli jong-err sange eyi antardrishti bhag korey niyechilen jey, adhyattik gotishilotar dwara monostattik lakkhanguli udbhuto hotey paare. assagioli jong-err tottogulike taanr manosangshleshan bojhar sabcheye kachakachi boley money korten. 1940 saale nirjan karabase taanr masbyapi karabaser jonno assagioli monosongshleshoner jonno taanr onupreronar beshirbhag ongshoke swikriti diyechilen. tini protidin dhyan korey taanr mansik ichcha anushilan korar jonno karagare taanr samayke byabohar korechilen. tini eyi uposonghare pouchechilen jey, tini taanr shastike taanr ontorer vishayta todonto korar sujoge rupantarita korte sokkhom hoyechilen. "ajoker manobigyan" sakkhatkar. 1974 saaler december sankhyay "psychology toode"-ayee, assagiolir sakkhatkar nene syama uish, jekhane assagioli friedia manobishleshan ebong monosongshleshoner modhye parthokyo niye alochona korenoh assagioli ullekh korechen jey curl jong, "samasta adhunik monochikitsokder modhye, totto ebong onushilone monosongshleshoner sabcheye kachher", ebong taanr nijer ebong jongyer drishtibhongir modhye sadrishya arow prosarito korechenoh tini jong-err kaaj ebong monosongshleshoner modhye parthokyer kothao tuley dharechenah assagioli ichchar bishoye jore diyechilenah sakkhatkarer sheshe, agrahi nijei uposonghare pouchechenoh adhyattik kaaj. assagioli chetna ebong transporsional kaajer khettreo agrahi ebong sakriya chhilen. dhormototto ebong prachya darshan adhyayan korar porr, taanr likhito kaaj protifolito, grohonjoggo ebong srijanshil dhyan soho bivinno dhyan kaushal bikash korechilo. tini "bayasahin gyan" naame porichito oitijhyer besh koyekti adhyattik gosthiteo abodan rekhechilen."tini notun juger shikkhok allis belir dharonar upor vitti korey dhyan shekhanor uddeshye duti gosthi protistha korechilenoh srijanshil dhyaner jonno gosthi ebong notun juger jonno dhyan gosthi. tini gurha adhyayaner jonno bidyalayer soho-protisthatao chhilen, jaar uddeshya chhilo unnoto store allis belir kaaj shekhano.

roobertoo esagioli roobertoo asagioli (27 februari 1888-23 august 1974) aek italian manochikitsak aneey manavtavadi aneey transpersonal manovigyanna kshetroma agranee hataa. esagioli manosanshleshan tareeke odakhaati manovaigyanik chalvalni sthaapnaa curry hatee, jeey aaje pann therapist aneey manovaignaniko dwara vikasavvama aavee rahee chhe, jeo temane vikasaavelee manovaigyanik paddhateeo aneey takneekono abhyaas karey chhe. beey pustako aneey patrikaao tareeke prakashit thayela ghanaa monographs saheet temnaa kaaryamaa vyaktitvanaa pragatisheel ekikaran (etale keey sanshleshan) nee sambhavna parr bhaar mukvaamaa aavyo hato. jeevan. asagiyolino janm 27 februari februari roj venis, italyma madhyam varg, yahudi prushthbhumimathi thayo hato. teno janm roobertoo marco grego tareeke thayo hato, jeey elena kaulaa aneey leone greekona putra hataa. jooe keey, jyaare asagioli beey varshnaa hataa tyaare temnaa jaivik pitaanu avsaan thayu hatoo, aneey tenee maatae toonk samayma jaj alessandro emmanuel asagioli saathe fareethi lagna karyaa hataa. esagioli naanee ummare qalaa aneey sangeet jevaa ghanaa sarjanatmak outletsnaa samparkma aavyaa hataa, jeey manosanshleshanma temnaa kaaryane prereet karey chhe tevu manvama aavtu hatoo. 18 varshnee ummar sudhimaa, temane aath judee judee bhashao sheekhi hatee, jemaa italian (temnee mool bhaasha), angreji, french, russian, grick, lattin, german aneey sanskrutno samaavesh thaay chhe. aaa ummare jaj temane musafari karvaanu sharoo karyoo, mukhyatve russia, jyaan temane saamaajik vyavsthao aneey raajkaaran vishe sheekhya. sheekhya temane nella siyapetti naamnee aek yuvan stree saathe lagna karyaa aneey temne aek putra, ilario asagioli thayo. prernane, benito musolini fashivadi sarkaar dwara asagiyolini dharapkad karvaamaa aavee hatee aneey tene jailma dhakeli devaamaa aavyo hato, jenaa parr "shaanti maate praathnaa karvaano aneey anya aantarrashtriy gunaao saathe tenee saathe jodava maate anya lokone aamantran aapvaano aarop mukvaamaa aavyo hato."jyaan sudhee tene mukt karvaamaa aavyo aneey tenaa parivaarne parat karvaamaa naa aavyo tyaan sudhee tene 27 raat maate regina koeli jailma aek ekant kothadimaa rakhvama aavyo hato. beeja vishvyuddh darmiyan, italyna florencemaa temnaa parivaarnu khetar naash paamyu hatoo aneey teo aneey temno parivaar banne keteniya alps (aarezo praantmaa) aneey upala tiber kheenma chhupai gayaa hataa. temnaa putranu 28 varshnee vaye fefsaanaa rogthee avsaan thayu hatoo, jeey yuddh darmiyan kathor jeevanni paristhitione kaarane gambhir tanaav maate maanyata praapt hatee. yuddh samaapt thayaa pachhi, asagioli potaana kaama parr paachha faryaa aneey potaano vaarso sharoo karyo, jene manosanshleshan tareeke odakhvaamaa aave chhe. yuddh pachhinaa varsho pramanma shaant hataa, aneey aaa samay darmiyan jaj temane europe aneey uttar americama manosanshleshanne samarpeet viveedh payani sthaapnaa curry hatee. asagioli 23 august december roj 86 varshnee vaye avsaan pamya tyaan sudhee sukhee chaalis varshnaa lagna saathe laambu aneey samruddh jeevan jeevyu. temnaa mrutyunu kaaran agnaat hatoo. asagiyoline temnaa angat jeevanni charcha karvee gamatee naa hatee, kaaran keey teo temnaa vaignanik kaary maate yaad rahevaanu pasand kartaa hataa. asagiyolina jeevan vishenaa khoob ochha jivancharitratmak ahevaalo uplabdh chhe, aneey motabhagna angrejeemaa nathee. shikshan. asagioli asagioli florencemaa istituto dii studdy superiory preticy ee dii perfasionemento khaate neurology aneey manochikitsaamaa temnee pratham degree melvee hatee. aaa samay darmiyan, temane manovishleshanni teeka kartaa lekho lakhvaanu sharoo karyoo hatoo, aevee daleel curry hatee keey temnee paase vadhu sarvgraahi abhigam chhe. italyma abhyaas purn karyaa pachhi, asagioli switzerland gayaa, jyaan temne zurichni manochikitsak hospital burgolzlyma manochikitsaamaa taaleem aapvama aavee hatee. aaa kaarane temane italyma pratham manovishleshak prathaa sharoo curry, jene istituto dii secosyntacy tareeke odakhvaamaa aave chhe. jooe keey, manovishleshanmaa temnaa kaarythi teo manochikitsaanaa kshetrathi asantusht rahyaa; ekandare, temne laagyu keey manovishleshan adhuru chhe. manosanshleshan. prernaa aneey vikaas. esagioli manosanshleshanna vignanna vikaas aneey sthaapnaa maate prakhyaat chhe, jeey manovishleshanmathi vikaseet thayela manovigyaan pratye aadhyatmik aneey sarvgraahi abhigam chhe. teo motaabhaage froidnaa damneet mannaa vichaar aneey saamuhik achetantaanaa jangnaa siddhantothi prereet hataa. manovishleshanmaa prashikshit parantu samagr reete tenee apurnataa tareeke jeey maantaa hataa tenaathi asantusht, asagiyoline laagyu keey prem, dahaapan, sarjanatmakta aneey ichchhashakti aee badhaa mahatvapurn ghatako chhe jeno manovishleshanmaa samaavesh thavo joiae. aesagiyoleeno manosanshleshanno praarambhik vikaas vikaas sharoo thayo hato, jyaare temane manovigyanma aupcharik shikshan sharoo karyoo hatoo. temane temnaa mrutyu sudhee manosanshleshan parr temnu kaama chaalu raakhyu. froid aneey asagioli patravyavhaar kartaa hovaanu jaanitu hatoo, joke temne kyaarey malvani taka malee naa hatee. esagioli kahyoo hatoo keey, "manosanshleshan manovishleshanni dhaarnaa karey chhe, athavaa tenaa badale, tene pratham aneey jaroori tabakka tareeke saamel karey chhe." jooe keey, asagioli sigmund froid dwara ghadvama aavela siddhaanto saathe asammat hataa jene temane maryadit karvaanu vichaaryu hatoo. temane froidnaa ghatadvad aneey vyaktitvanaa sakaratmak parimanoni avgannaa svikaarvaano incar karyo hato. manosanshleshan aee manovishleshanmathi janmelo pratham abhigam banyo jemaa manushyani kalaatmak, paropkari aneey parakramee kshamataono pann samaavesh thato hato. asagiyolinu kaama manovaigyanik carle jung saathe vadhu susangat hatoo. asagioli aneey jung banneae manav astitvanaa aadhyatmik starnaa mahatvane maany karyoo. asagioli jung saathe aantardrushti shhare curry keey manovaigyanik lakshano aadhyatmik gatishilataa dwara sharoo thaee shake chhe. asagioli jangnaa siddhaantone manosanshleshanni temnee samajanni sauthee najik ganaavya hataa. esagioli manosanshleshan maate temnee motabhagni prernane prernane ekantvasma aek maheena sudhee kedmaa raakhvaa maate maanyata aapee hatee. temane jailma potaana samayno upyog darroj dhyaan kareene potaani mansik ichchhaano upyog karvaa maate karyo hato. temane taaran kaadhyu keey teo potaani sajaane potaani aantarik tapaas karvaanee takmaa badalee shakyaa hataa. "manovigyaan aaje" interview. cycology toode" naa december december ankamaa, same veesh dwara asagiyolino interview levaamaa aavyo hato, jemaa asagioli froidian manovishleshan aneey manosanshleshan vachchena tafavatoni charcha curry hateeh asagioli nondhyu hatoo keey carle jung, "tamaam aadhunik manochikitsakomathi, manosanshleshanna siddhaant aneey vyavhaarmaa sauthee najik chhe", aneey temnaa potaana aneey jangnaa mantavyo vachcheni samaantaa parr vadhu vistaran karyunh temane jangnaa kaary aneey manosanshleshan vachchena tafavto parr pann prakaash paadyo hatoh asagioli ichcha vishe bhaar mookyoh interviewnaa ante, aatur pote taaran kaadhyu aadhyatmik kaary. asagiyoline chetnaa aneey transpersonal kaarynaa kshetramaa pann rus aneey sakreey hataa. theosophy aneey purveey filosoofino abhyaas karyaa pachhi, temnaa lekheet kaaryamaa chintansheel, grahansheel aneey sarjanatmak dhyaan saheet viveedh dhyaan takneeko vikasavvama aavee hatee. temane "yugaheen shaanpan" tareeke odakhaati paramparama ketlaak aadhyatmik juthomaa pann yogdaan aapyu hatoo."temane navaa yugnaa shikshak ellis beleena vichaarona aadhare dhyaan shikhvvaanaa hetuthi beey juthoni sthaapnaa kareeh sarjanatmak dhyaan maatenu jooth aneey navaa yug maate dhyaan jooth. teo goodh abhyaas maateni shaalaana saha-sthaapak pann hataa, jeno hetu unnat stare ellis beleenu kaary shikhvavaano hato.

roberto asagioli roberto asagioli (27 farwari 1888-23 agast 1974) ack italvi manochikitsak aur manavtawadi aur transpersonal manovigyaan key kshetra mein agrani they. asagioli ney manovaigyaanik andolan kii sthaapana kii jise manosanshleshan key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jise aaj bhee chikitsak aur manovaigyanikon dwara vikasit kiya jaa rhaa haye joe unake dwara vikasit manovaigyaanik tarikon aur takneekon kaa abhyaas karate hain. unake kaam, jisamen dou pustaken aur parche key roop mein prakaashit kaee monograph shamil hain, ney vyaktitva key pragatisheel ekikaran (yaani sanshleshan) kii sambhavana parr jore diyaa. jeevan. asagioli kaa janm 27 farwari 1888 koo venis, itali mein ack madhyam varg, yahudi prishthabhoomi seey huaa thaa. unakaa janm roberto marco grego key roop mein huaa thaa, joe elena kaula aur leone graco key putra they. haalaanki, unake javic pitaa kii mrityu taba hui jaba asagioli dou saal key they, aur unaki maan ney jald hii alessandro emmanuele asagioli seey punarvivah kiya. asagioli koo cumm umr mein kaee rachanaatmak outlet key sampark mein laaya gayaa thaa, jaise kii kalaa aur sangeet, jinake baare mein maanaa jaataa thaa kii unhone manosanshleshan mein unake kaam koo prerit kiya thaa. 18 saal kii umr taka, unhone aathh alag-alag bhaashaaen seekh lii theen, jinamen italvi (unaki mool bhasha), angreji, french, russie, yunani, lattin, german aur sanskrit shamil they. iss umr mein unhone yatra karna shuru kiya, mukhya roop seey roose, jahan unhone samajik pranaliyon aur rajneeti key baare mein seekha. 1922 mein unhone nella siyapetti naamak ack yuva mahila seey shaadi kii, aur unakaa ack betaa thaa, ilario asagioli. 1940 mein, asagioli koo benito musolini kii fasiwadi sarkaar dwara giraftar kiya gayaa aur kaid curr liya gayaa, jiss parr "shaanti key liye prarthana karane aur anya antarrashtriya apraadhon key saath-saath dusaron koo bhee unake saath shamil honey key liye aamantrit karane kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa."unhein 27 raaton key liye regina koeli jail mein ack ekant kothri mein rakhaa gayaa thaa, jaba taka kii unhein riha naheen kiya gayaa aur apane parivaar key paas vaapas naheen bheja gayaa. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran, florence, itali mein unake parivaar kaa khet nasht hoe gayaa thaa, aur vaha aur unakaa parivaar donon catania alps (aarezo praant mein) aur oopari tiber ghaati mein chhip gaye they. unake bete kii 28 saal kii umr mein fefadon kii bimari seey mrityu hoe gaee, joe yuddh key dauran kathor jeevan sthitiyon seey gambhir tanaav key liye maanyata praapt thee. yuddh samaapt honey key baad, asagioli apane kaam parr laut aae aur apani viraasat shuru kii, jise manosanshleshan key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. yuddh key baad key saal apekshaakrit shaant they, aur iss dauran unhone europe aur uttari america mein manosanshleshan key liye samarpit vibhinn neenvon kii sthaapana kii. asagioli ney 23 agast 1974 koo 86 varsh kii ayu mein mrityu honey taka ack khushahal chaalees saal kii shaadi key saath ack lamba aur samriddh jeevan jiyaa. unaki mrityu kaa kaaran agyaat thaa. asagioli apane vyaktigat jeevan parr charcha karna pasand naheen karate they, kyonki way apane vaigyaanik kaary key liye yaad kiye jaane koo pasand karate they. asagioli key jeevan key baare mein bahut cumm jeevani vivaran upalabdh hain, aur adhikansh angreji mein naheen hain. shiksha. asagioli ney 1910 mein florence mein istituto dee studdy supiriri pritty ee dee perfasionmento mein neurology aur manochikitsa mein apani pahali degree praapt kii. iss samay key dauran, unhone manovishleshan kii aalochana karate hue lekh likhana shuru kiya, yeh tark dete hue kii unakaa ack adhik samagr drishtikon thaa. itali mein apani padhaai poori karane key baad, asagioli switzerland chaley gaye, jahan unhein zurich key manochikitsa aspatal burgolzli mein manochikitsa mein prashikshit kiya gayaa thaa. isake kaaran unhone itali mein pahala manovishleshak abhyaas shuru kiya, jise istituto dee psychocyntacy key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. haalaanki, manovishleshan mein unake kaam ney unhein manochikitsa key kshetra seey asantusht chhod diyaa; samagr roop seey, unhone mahsoos kiya kii manovishleshan adhura thaa. manosanshleshan. prerana aur vikas. asagioli manosanshleshan key vigyaan key vikas aur sthaapana key liye prasiddh haye, joe manovigyaan key liye ack aadhyatmik aur samagr drishtikon haye joe manovishleshan seey vikasit huaa thaa. vaha kaafee hudd taka damit munn key baare mein fried key vichaar aur saamoohik achetan key baare mein jung key siddhanton seey prerit they. manovishleshan mein prashikshit lekin samagr roop seey isaki apurnata seey asantusht, asagioli ney mahsoos kiya kii prem, gyaan, rachnaatmaktaa aur ichcha sabhi mahatvapurna ghatak they jinhen manovishleshan mein shamil kiya jaanaa chaahiye. asagioli kaa manosanshleshan kaa sabse pahala vikas 1911 mein shuru huaa, jaba unhone manovigyaan mein apani aupchaarik shiksha shuru kii. unhone apani mrityu taka manosanshleshan parr apana kaam jaari rakhaa. fried aur asagioli key beach mell-jole key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa, halanki unhein kabhi milane kaa mauka naheen milaa. asagioli ney kahaa, "manosanshleshan manovishleshan koo purvanirdhaarit kartaa haye, yaa isake bajaay, ise pahale aur aavashyak charan key roop mein shamil kartaa haye." haalaanki, asagioli sigmund fried dwara taiyar kiye gaye siddhanton seey asahmat they jinhen unhone seemit karane parr vichaar kiya thaa. unhone fried key hraasvaad aur vyaktitva key sakaratmak aayamon kii upeksha koo sweekaar karane seey incar curr diyaa. manosanshleshan manovishleshan kaa pahala drishtikon bunn gayaa jisamen manushya kii kalaatmak, paropkari aur veer kshamata bhee shamil thee. asagioli kaa kaam manovaigyaanik carle jung key saath sanrekhan mein adhik thaa. asagioli aur jung donon ney maanav astitva key aadhyatmik star key mahatva koo maanya kiya. asagioli ney jung key saath iss antardrishti koo saajha kiya kii manovaigyaanik lakshan aadhyatmik gatishilata seey utpann hoe sakate hain. asagioli ney jung key siddhanton koo manosanshleshan kii unaki samajh key sabse karib maanaa. asagioli ney 1940 mein ekant karawas mein apane maheene bhar key karawas key liye manosanshleshan key liye apani prerana kaa bahut kuchh maanyata dee. unhone jail mein apane samay kaa upayog dainik dhyaan karke apani mansik ichcha kaa abhyaas karane key liye kiya. unhone nishkarsh nikala kii vaha apani sajaa koo apane aantarik-swayam kii jaanch karane key avsar mein badalane mein saksham they. "aaj kaa manovigyaan" sakshatkar. aaj kaa manovigyaan" key disambar 1974 key ank mein, asagioli kaa sakshatkar saim utsuk dwara kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen asagioli ney frydian manovishleshan aur manosanshleshan key beach key antar parr charcha kii theeh asagioli ney nott kiya kii carle jung, "sabhi aadhunik manochikitsakon mein seey, manosanshleshan key siddhant aur abhyaas mein sabse karib haye", aur apane aur jung key vichaaron key beach samaantaon parr aage vistaar kiyaah unhone jung key kaam aur manosanshleshan key beach key antar parr bhee prakaash daalah asagioli ney ichcha key baare mein jore diyaah sakshatkar key anta mein, utsuk swayam nishkarsh nikaalah aadhyatmik kaary. asagioli chetna aur paarvaiyaktik kaary key kshetra mein bhee ruchi rakhate they aur sakriya they. brahmagyaan aur purvi darshan kaa adhyayan karane key baad, unake likhit kaary ney chintansheel, grahansheel aur rachanaatmak dhyaan sahit vibhinn dhyaan takneekon kaa vikas kiya. unhone parampara mein kaee aadhyatmik samoohon mein bhee yogdan diyaa, jinhen "yugheen gyaan" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye."unhone nae yug key shikshak ellis bellie key vichaaron key aadhar parr dhyaan sikhaane key uddeshya seey dou samoohon kii sthaapana keeh rachanaatmak dhyaan key liye samooh aur nae yug key liye dhyaan samooh. way goodh adhyayan key liye school key saha-sansthaapak bhee they, jinka uddeshya unnat star parr ellis bellie key kaam koo padhaana thaa.

rabarto asagioli rabarto asagioli (27 phebravari 1888-23 august 1974) italian manovaidyaraagiddaru mattu manavika mattu trans personnel psychology kshetragalalli pravartakaraagiddaru. assagioli avaru manosamshleshane endu kareyalpaduva manasika chalavaliyannu sthaapisidaru, idannu avaru abhivraddhipadisida manasika vidhaanagalu mattu tantragalannu abhyasa maaduva chikitsakaru mattu manashshaastragnaru indigoo abhivraddhipadisuttiddaar. eradu pustakagalu mattu karapatragalaagi prakatavaada aneka swaralipiyannoo olagondante avara krutiyu vyaktitvada pragatipara ekikaranada (andare samshleshane) saadhyateyannu ottihelitu. jeevana. asagioli avaru 1888rahra phebravari 27randu itali, venisnalli, madhyama vargada, yahoodi hinneleyinda janisidaru. avanu elena kaula mattu leone greco avara maga rabarto marco grego janisidanu. aadaagyoo, assagioliyu eradu varshadavanagiddaga avana tande nidhanaraadaru mattu avana taayi shighradalle alessandro emmenuel asagiyoliyannu marumaduveyaadalu. asagiyoliyu chikka vayassinalliye kale mattu sangeetadantaha aneka srujanasheela maligegalige waddikondanu, idu manosamshleshaneyalli avana kelasakke sphurti niidide endu nambalaagide. 18neey vayassinalli, aata italian (tanna sthaliya bhashe), inglish, french, russian, greek, lattin, german mattu samskruta seridante entu vibhinn bhaashegalannu kalitiddaru. ee vayassinalliye avaru mukhyavaagi russacke prayanisalu praarambhisidaru, allie avaru samajika vyavasthegalu mattu raajakeeyada bagge kalitaru. 1922ralli aata nella siyagetti emba yuvatiyannu vivaahavaadaru mattu avarige ilario asagioli emba obba maganiddanu. 1940ralli, benito musolinia faasist sarkaaravu assagioliyannu bandhisi jailige haakitu, "shantigagi prarthane mattu itara antararashtriya aparadhagala jotege tannondige seralu itararannu aahvaanisida" aaropavannu horisitu."aatanannu bidugade maadi tanna kutumbakke hindirugisuvavaregoo, 27 ratrigala kaala regina koyli jailinalli ekaangi kooneyalli irisalaagittu. eradane mahayuddhada samayadalli, italiya florensonalliruva avara kutumbada totavu naashavaayitu mattu avaru mattu avara kutumba ibbaroo catania alps (arejho praantyadalli) mattu melina tibber kaniveyalli adagihodaru. avara maga 28neey vayassinalli shvasakoshada kaayileyinda nidhanaraadaru, idu yuddhada samayadalli kathina jeevana paristhitigalinda teevra ottadakke kaaranavaayitu. yuddha mugida nantara, assagioli tanna kelasakke maralidaru mattu manosamshleshane endu kareyalpaduva tanna parampareyannu praarambhisidaru. yuddhada nantarada varshagalu tulanaatmakavaagi shantavagiddavu, mattu ee samayadalli avaru europe mattu uttara americadalli manosamshleshanege misalaagiruva vividha adipayagalannu sthaapisidaru. asagioli avaru tamma 86neey vayassinalli 1974rahra august 23randu nidhanaraguvavaregu nalavattu varshagala santoshada vivaahadondige sudirgha mattu samruddha jivanavannu nadesidaru. avara saavige kaaranavenendu tilidiralilla. asagioli tanna vaiyaktika jeevanada bagge charchisalu ishtapadalilla, ekendare avanu tanna vaignaanika kaaryakkaagi nenapinallittukollalu aadyate niididanu. assagiolia jeevanada bagge kelave kelavu jivanacharitreya vivaranegalu labhyavive, mattu hechchinavu englishnallilla. sikshana. asagioli 1910ralli florensonalliruva istituto dii studdy superiory proteasy ii dii perphasionamentodalli naravijnaana mattu manovaidyashaastradalli modala padaviyannu padedaru. ee samayadalli, avaru manovishleshaneyannu tikisuva lekhanagalannu bareyalu praarambhisidaru, avaru hecchu samagravaada vidhaanavannu hondiddaare endu vaadisidaru. italyalli tanna adhyayanavannu poornagolisida nantara, assagioli switzerlandge hodaru, allie avaru jurichna manovaidyakiya aspatre burgoljliyalli manovaidyashaastradalli tarabeti padedaru. idu aatanu italyalli modala manovishleshaka abhyasavannu prarambhisalu kaaranavaayitu, idannu istituto dii sikosintesi endu kareyalaaguttade. aadaagyoo, manovishleshaneyalli avara kelasavu manovaidyashaastrada kshetradalli avarige atruptiyannu untumaaditu; ottaareyaagi, manovishleshane apoornavaagide endu avaru bhavisidaru. manosamshleshane. sphurti mattu abhivruddhi. manovishleshaneyinda abhivruddhi hondida manovignanakke aadhyaatmika mattu samagra vidhaanavaada manosamshleshaneya vignaanavannu abhivraddhipadisalu mattu sthapisalu asagioli hesaruvaasiyaagide. aata hechchaagi friedra dabbaalikeya manassina kalpane mattu saamuhika pragnaaheenateya bagge jangna siddhaantagalinda sphurti padediddanu. manovishleshaneyalli tarabeti padeda aadare ottaareyaagi adara apoornate endu pariganisiddarinda truptaragada asagioli, preeti, buddhivantike, srujanasheelate mattu ichchaashakti ellavoo manovishleshaneyalli serisabekada pramukha amshagalaagive endu bhavisidaru. assagiolia manosamshleshaneya arambhika belavanigeyu 1911ralli praarambhavaayitu, avaru manovignaanadalli tamma oupachaarika shikshanavannu praarambhisidaru. aata tanna savinavaregu manosamshleshaneya kuritaada tanna kelasavannu munduvaresidanu. froyd mattu assagioli paraspara sambandha hondiddaru endu tilidubandide, aadaroo avarige bhetiyaguva avakashaviralilla. asagioli helidaru, "manosamshleshaneyu manovishleshaneyannu uhisuttade, athawa adannu modala mattu agatya hantavagi olagondide." aadaagyoo, sigmund froyd avaru roopisida siddhaantagalannu asagioli oppalilla, adannu avaru simitagolisabekendu pariganisidaru. fraydravara vyaktitvada sakaaraatmaka ayamagala bagegina taggisuvike mattu nirlakshyavannu oppikollalu avaru nirakarisidaru. manosamshleshaneyu manovishleshaneyinda huttida modala vidhaanavaayitu, adhu manavana kalaatmaka, paropakari mattu veerochita samarthyagalannu saha olagondittu. assagiolia kelasavu manashshaastragna carle jangnondige hecchu hondaanikeyaagittu. assagioli mattu janga eradoo manava astitvada aadhyaatmika mattada mahatvavannu drudhikarisidavu. aadhyaatmika chalanasheelateyinda manasika rogalakshanagalannu prachodisabahudu emba olanotavannu asagioli jangnondige hanchikondaru. jangna siddhaantagalu manosamshleshaneya bagegina avana tiluvalikege hattiravaagive endu asagioli pariganisidanu. 1940ralli ondu tingala kaala ekaantavaasadallidda aatanige manosamshleshanege hecchina sphurti doretittu endu asagioli gurutisidaru. jailinalliruva tamma samayavannu pratidina dhyana maaduva moolaka tamma manasika ichcheyannu chalayisalu balasikondaru. tanna siksheyannu tanna aantarikateyannu tanikhe maaduva avakaashavaagi badalaayisalu saadhyavaayitu endu avanu tirmaanisidanu. "psychology today" sandarshana. 1974rahra december sanchikeyalli "psychology today" nalli, assagioliyannu samm quit sandarshisidaru, idaralli asazioli friedian manovishleshane mattu manosamshleshaneya naduvina vyatyaasagalannu charchisidaruh ellah aadhunika manochikitsakaralli, carle jung, siddhaanta mattu abhyasadalli manosamshleshanege atyanta hattiravaagiddaare" endu asagioli gamanisidaru mattu tannade aada mattu jung avara drashtikonagala naduvina saamyategalannu mattashtu vistarisidaruh avaru jangna kelasa mattu manosamshleshaneya naduvina vyatyaasagalannu saha etti torisidaruhu asagioli ichcheya bagge pratipaadisidaruh sandarshanada koneyalli, swatah utsukaru ee tirmaanakke bandaruh aadhyaatmika kelasa. assagioliyu pragne mattu trans personnel kelasada kshetradalloo asakti hondiddalu mattu sakriyalaagiddalu. theosophy mattu purva tatvashaastravannu adhyayana maadida nantara, avara likhita krutiyu pratibimbisuva, grahisuva mattu srujanasheela dhyana seridante vividha dhyana tantragalannu abhivraddhipadisitu. aata "yugaatita buddhivantike" endu kareyalpaduva sampradaayadalli halavaaru aadhyaatmika gumpugalige koduge niididaru."avaru hosa yugada sikshaka alis beliyavara kalpanegala aadhaarada mele dhyanavannu kalisuva uddeshadinda eradu gumpugalannu sthaapisidaruh srujanasheela dhyanakkagi gumpu mattu hosa yugakke dhyana gumpu. avaru nigoodha adhyayanagala shaleya saha-samsthaapakaraagiddaru, avaru alis byliya kelasavannu munduvarida mattadalli kalisuva uddeshavannu hondiddaru.

roberto asajioli oru itaaliyan saikyaatristum humanistic, trans pezhsanal saikkolaji mekhalakalile thudakkaaranumaayirunnu roberto asajioli (27 februvari 1888-23 august 1974). addeham vikasippichedutha manahshaasthra reethikalum saankethikavidyakalum parisheelikkunna theraappistukalum manasshaasthranjarum innum vikasippichukondirikku psychosynthesis ennariyappedunna manahshaasthra prasthaanam asajioli sthaapichu. rund pusthakangalum laghulekhakalaayi prasidheekaricha niravadhi monographukalum ulppedeyulla addehathinte kruthikal vyakthithvathinte purogamanaparamaaya samyojanathinte (athaayath, samanvayam) saadhyathaye oonnipparanju. jeevitam. 1888 februvari 27nuu italiyile venesil oru madhyavarga, jootha pashchaathalatthil ninnaan asagioli janichathu. elana kaulayudeyum liyon grecoyudeyum makanayi roberto marco gregoi addeham janichu. ennirunnaalum, asagioliykku rund vayassullappol addehathinte pithaav marichu, taamasiyaathe addehathinte amma alessandro emenueval asagioli punarvivaham cheythu. psychosynthesisile addehathinte pravarthanatthinu prachodanamaayathaayi vishwasikkappedunna kalayum samgeethavum polulla niravadhi srishtiparamaaya autlettukalumaayi cherupraayatthil thanne asajioli thurannukattappettu. 18-aamm vayassil itaaliyan (maathrubhaasha), engleesh, franch, russian, greak, laattin, jarmman, samskritham ennivayulppede ettu vyathyastha bhashakal addeham padichu. eee praayathilaanu addeham pradhaanamaayum russiayilekku yaatra cheyyaan thudangiyathu, avide addeham saamoohika samvidaanangalekkurichum rashtreeyathekkurichum padichu. 1922-ll addeham nella siapetti enna yuvatiye vivaham kazhichu, avarkk ilario asajioli enna oru makan janichu. 1940-ll benitoo musoliniyude phaasist sarkkar asagioli arast cheyyukayum jayililadaykkukayum cheythu, "samaadhaanathinaayi praarthikkukayum mattu anthaaraashtra kuttakrithyangalkkoppam thannodoppam cheraan mattullavare shanikkukayum cheythuvennu" aaropikkapettu."mochippikkappedukayum kudumbatthilekku madangukayum cheiyunnathuvare addehathe 27 raathrikal rejeena koyil jaile eakaantha sellil paarppichu. randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu italiyile florencile addehathinte kudumbatthinte phaam nasippikkappedukayum adhehavum kudumbavum katteniya alpsilum (arezzo pravisyayil) upper tibber thaazhvarayilum olivil pookukayum cheythu. yudhasamayathe kadinamaaya jeevita saahacharyangalil ninnulla kadutha sammarddathinu amgeekaaram labhicha shwaasakosha rogam moolam 28-aamm vayassil addehathinte makan marichu. yuddham avasaanichathinusesham, asajioli thante joliyilekku madangukayum psychosynthesis ennariyappedunna thante paarambaryam aarambikkukayum cheythu. yudhathinu sheshamulla varshangal thaarathamyena shaanthamaayirunnu, eee samayathaan addeham europilum vadakke amerikkayilum manashaasthrasamshleshanathina samarppichirikkunna vividha aditharakal sthaapichathu. 1974 august 23 nuu 86-aamm vayassil marikkunnathuvare santhoshakaramaaya naalppat varshathe vivaahajeevithathode asagioli deerghavum samriddhavumaaya jeevitam nayichu. addehathinte maranakaaranam anjjaathamaayirunnu. shaasthreeya pravartthanangalude peril oormmikkappedaan thaalpparyappedunnathil asajioli thante vyakthiparamaaya jeevitam charcha cheyyaan eshtappettilla. assajiyoliyude jeevithathekkurichulla valare kurachu jeevacharitra vivaranagal maathrame labhyamaakoo, avayil mikathum engleeshilalla. vidyaabhyaasam. 1910ll florencile instityootto dii studi superiory iii dii perphesionamentoyil ninnu neurology, saikyatriyil asajioli thante aadya birudam nedi. eee samayat, thanikk kooduthal samagramaya sameepanamundennu vaadichu manahshaasthra vishakalanathe vimarshikkunna lekhanangal ezhuthaan thudangi. italiyil patanam poortthiyaakkiya sesham, assagioli swittsarlandilekku pooyi, avide soorichile cycatric hospital burgolslil saikyatri parisheelippichu. ithu italiyil ishtittootto dii sikosintesi ennariyappedunna aadyathe manashaasthraparamaaya patanam aarambhikkunnathilekk addehathe nayichu. ennirunnaalum, manahshaasthra vishakalanathile addehathinte pravartthanangal addehathe manorogachikitsayude mekhalayil asamthripthanaakki; mothatthil, manahshaasthra vishakalanam apoornnamaanennu addehathinu thonni. psychosynthesis. prachodanavum vikasanavum. manahshaasthrathil ninnu vikasicha manashaasthrathodulla aathmeeyavum samagravumaaya sameepanamaaya psychosynthesis shaasthram vikasippikkunnathinum sthaapikkunnathinum asajioli prashasthamaan. adichamarthappetta manassinekkurichulla froyidinte ashayavum koottaaya abodhaavasthayekkurichulla janginte sidhaanthangalum addehathinu valia prachodanamaayi. manahshaasthra vishakalanathil pariseelanam nediyengilum athinte apoornnatha mothatthil thaan kanakkakkiyathil samthrupthanallaathathinaal, sneham, njaanam, sargaathmakatha, ichhaashakthi ennivayellaam manahshaasthra vishakalanathil ulppeduthenda pradhana gadakangalaanennu assagiolic thonni. 1911ll manahshaasthrathil aupachaarika vidyaabhyaasam aarambhichathodeyaanu asajioliyude manashaasthrasamshleshanathinu aadyakaala vikasanam aarambhichath. maranam vare addeham manashaasthrasamshleshanathin pravartthanam thudarnnu. froid asajioliyum thammil ashayavinimayam nadathiyathaayi ariyappedunnundengilum avarkk orikkalum kandumuttaan avasaram labhichilla. assagioli paranju, "psychosynthesis manahshaasthra vishakalanathe munkootty kaanunnu, allengil athine aadyathethum aavashyamaayathumaaya ghattamayi ulppeduthunnu." ennirunnaalum, sigmund froid roopeekaricha sidhaanthangalodu asajioli viyojichu, athu parimithappeduthunnathaayi addeham karuthi. froyidinte kuraykkunnathinum vyakthithvathinte gunaparamaaya maanangale avaganikkunnathinum addeham visammathichu. manushyante kalaparavum paropakaraparavum veerochithavumaaya saadhyathakal ulppedunna manahshaasthra vishakalanathil ninnu janicha aadyathe sameepanamaayi manashaasthrasamshleshanam maari. manashaasthranjanaaya kaal jangumaayi kooduthal yojichathaayirunnu asajioliyude pravartthanam. assajioliyum jung manushya nilanilppinte athmeeya thalatthinte praadhaanyam sharivachu. athmeeya chalanathmakathayaal maanasika lakshanangalkk kaaranamaakamenna ulkkaazhcha asajioli jangumaayi pankittu. janginte sidhaanthangal manashaasthrasamshleshanathukale addehathinte daaranayumaayi ettavum aduthathaayi asajioli kanakkakki. 1940-ll eakaantha thadavil oru maasam neenduninna thadavilaanu manashaasthrasamshleshanathillinu prachodanatthinte bhooribhaagavum asajioli amgeekarichathu. jayilil kazhinja samayam addeham divasena dhyaanichukondu thante maanasika ichhaashakthi prayogikkaan upayogichu. thante shikshaye thante aantharikathayekkurichu anweshikkaanulla avasaramaayi maattaan thanikk kazhinjuvennu addeham nigamanam cheythu. "innathe manahshaasthram" enna abhimukhathil. 1974 desemberile "saikkolaji tude" enna lakkathil, asajioli saam interview cheythu, athil asajioli froidian psychonalysis psychosynthesis thammilulla vyathyaasangal charcha cheythu ellah aadhunika cycotherapistukalilum kaal jung, sidhaanthathilum prayogatthilum psychosynthesisinode ettavum aduthathaanu" ennu asajioli abhiprayappettu, koodaathe thanteyum janginteyum kaazhchappaadukal thammilulla samaanathakalekkurich kooduthal vishadeekarichu janginte pravartthanavum manashaasthrasamshleshanavum thammilulla vyathyaasangalum addeham eduthukaanichu asajioli ichhaashakthiyekkurichu urappichu paranju abhimukhathinte avasaanathil, aakamksha svayam nigamanam cheythu athmeeya pravartthanangal. bodham, trans pezhsanal varkk ennee mekhalakalilum assagiolic thaalpparyavum sajeevavumaayirunnu. theosaphy kizhakkan thathwachinthayum padicha addehathinte likhitha kruthikal prathiphalanaparavum grahanayogyavum srishtiparavumaaya dhyanam ulppede vyathyastha dhyana saankethikavidyakal vikasippichu. praayapoorthiyaakaatha njaanam" ennariyappedunna paarambaryatthile niravadhi athmeeya grouppukalkkum addeham sambhavana nalki."navayuga adthyaapikayaaya alis beyliyude aashayangale adisthaanamaakki dhyanam padippikkaan uddeshichulla rund grouppukal addeham sthaapichu srishtiparamaaya dhyaanathinulla group navayugathinulla dhyana group. alise beyliyude pravartthanangal unnatha thalatthil padippikkaan uddeshichulla nigooda padanathinaayi skoolinte sahasthaapakan koodiyaayirunnu addeham.

roberto assagioli roberto asagioli (27 februwari 1888-23 august 1974) heey eka italian mansopacharatadnya aanee manavtavadi aanee transpersonal manasshastrachya kshetratil pranete hote. assagioline manosanshleshan mhanoon olakhalya jaananya manasshastriy chalvalichi sthapana kelee, jee aajahi chikitsak aanee manashastradnyandvare vikasit kelee jaat aahe, jeey tyanni vikasit kelelya manasshastriy paddhati aanee tantrancha sarav karatat. done pustake aanee patrake mhanoon prakashit jhalelya anek monographs tyanchya karyane vyaktimatvachya purogami ekatmatechya (mhanje sanshleshan) shakyatevar bharr deela. jeevan. asagiyolicha janm 27 februwari 1888 roji italitil venis yethe, madhyamvargiy, jyoo parshvabhoomitun jhaala. tyacha janm roberto marco grego mhanoon jhaala, too elena kaula aanee leone greco yancha mulga hota. tathapi, assagioli done varshancha asatana tyachya jaivik vadilanche nidhan jhaale aanee tyanantar lagechach tyachya aaeene alessandro emmanuel assagiolishi punarvivah keela. assegiolila lahan vayatach qalaa aanee sangeet yasarkhya anek sarjansheel madhyamancha samna karava lagla, jyanni tyachya manosanshleshanatil karyala prerana dilee asey manale jaat hote. vayachya 18 vya varshaparyant tyanni italian (tyanchi mool bhasha), ingraji, french, russian, greek, lattin, german aanee sanskrut yasah aath vegvegalya bhasha shikalya hotya. yach vayat tyanni pravas karnyas suruvat kelee, pramukhyane russiala, jithe tyanni samajik vyavastha aanee rajkaran yabaddal shikale. 1922 madhye tyane nella siyapetti navachya eka tarun mahileshi vivah keela aanee tyanna ilario asagioli haah eka mulga jhaala. 1940 madhye, benito musolinichya facist sarkarne assagiolila atak kelee aanee turungat takale, tyachyavar "shantatesathi prathna kelyacha aanee itar aantarrashtriy gunhyansah itaranna tyachyasobat sameel honyasathi aamantrit kelyacha aarop karnyat aala."tyala 27 ratri regina koeli turungatil eka ekaki kothadit thevanyat aale, joparyant tyachi sutka jhaali aanee too tyachya kutumbakade parat aala. dusya mahayuddhachya kalat, italitil florence yetheel tyachya kutumbache shet uddhvast jhaale aanee too aanee tyache kutumb doghehi catania alps (arezo prantatil) aanee varchya tyber khonyat lapoon basale. tyachya mulache vayachya 28 vya varshi fuffusachya aajarane nidhan jhaale, jyala yuddhadarmyanchya kathor jivanshailit gambhir tanav asalyache manya hote. yuddh sampalyanantar, assagioli tyachya kamavar paratala aanee tyacha varsa suru keela, jyala manosanshleshan mhanatat. yuddhanantarchi varshe tulanene shant hotee aanee yach kalat tyanni europe aanee uttar americet manosanshleshanasathi samarpit vividh paya sthapan kele. asagiyoline 23 august 1974 roji vayachya 86 vya varshi nidhan hoiparyant chalis varshanchya sukhee vaivahik jivanasah dirgh aanee samruddha jeevan jagale. tyachya mrutyuche kaaran adnyat hote. asagiyolila tyachya vaiyaktik jivanavar charcha karayala aavadat nasey, kaaran tyachya vaidnyanik karyasathi tyache smaran karane tyala pasant hote. assagiolichya jivanabaddalchi farach qamee charitratmak vruttant upalabdh aahet aanee bahutek ingerjit naheet. shikshan. assagioline 1910 madhye florencemadhil istituto dii studdy superiory aii dii perfezionamento yethe neurology aanee manasopacharat pahili padvi prapt kelee. yaa kalat, tyane manashastravar teeka karnare lekh lihayala suruvat kelee, assa yuktivad karat qee tyachyakade adhik samagr drushtikon aahe. italimadhye shikshan purn kelyanantar, asagioli switzerlandla gela, jithe tyala jyoorikhmadhil burgholzli yaa mansopchar rugnalayat manasopacharshastrache prashikshan denyat aale. yamule tyane italimadhye pahila manovishleshak sarav suru keela, jyala istituto dii secosyntacy mhanoon olakhale jaate. tathapi, manovishleshanatil tyanchya karyamule teey mansopchar kshetrababat asamadhani rahile; ekandarit, tyanna vatale qee manovishleshan apoorn aahe. manosanshleshan. prerana aanee vikas. manasshastracha aadhyatmik aanee sarvangin drushtikon, joou manovishleshanatun vikasit jhaala hota, too manosanshleshan vidnyan vikasit karnyasathi aanee tyachi sthapana karnyasathi assagioli prasiddha aahe. friedchya dadapshahi manachya kalpanepasoon aanee jangchya samoohik beshuddhatechya siddhantanpasun too mothya pramanat prerit hota. manasshastrat prashikshit parantu sampurnatah apurnata mhanoon tyanni jyaa goshtila manale tyamule asamadhani asalelya assagiolila vatale qee prem, shahanpan, sarjansheelata aanee ichchhashakti heey serve mahattvache ghatak aahet jyancha manasshastrat samavesh keela pahije. assagiolicha manosanshleshanacha sarvat prarambhik vikas 1911 madhye suru jhaala, jevha tyane manasshastratil tyache aupcharik shikshan suru kele. tyanni tyanchya mrutyuparyant manosanshleshanavaril tyanche kaam suru thewale. jaree tyanna kadhihi bhetanyachi sandhee midali nasali taree fried aanee assagioli yanchyat sanvad hota asey dnyat hote. assagioli mhanale, "manosanshleshan heey manovishleshan purvgrahit karate, kinwa tyaeivaji, tyat pahila aanee aavashyak tappa mhanoon samavisht karate." tathapi, sigmund friedney tayar kelelya siddhantanshi assagioli asahmat hote, jeey tyanni maryadit karnyacha vichar keela. tyane friedcha kamipana aanee vyaktimatvachya sakaratmak pailunkade durlaksh swikaranyas nakar deela. manosanshleshan haah manovishleshanatun nirman jhalela pahila drushtikon tharala jyamadhye manvi kalatmak, paropkari aanee veer kshamatechahi samavesh hota. assagioliche kaam manasshastradnya carl jung yanchyashi adhik susangat hote. assagioli aanee jung yaa donhine manvi astitvachya aadhyatmik pataliche mahatva pramanit kele. aadhyatmik gatishilatemule mansik lakshane udbhavu shakatat hii antardrushti assagioline jangshi samayik kelee. assagioline jangche siddhant tyachya manosanshleshan samajoon ghenyachya sarvat jawalche manale. 1940 madhye eka mahinabhar ekantvasat rahilelya tyachya turungwasala, assagioline manosanshleshanasathichya tyachya bahutek preranechi manyata dilee. tyane turungatil aapala vel darroj dhyan karoon tyachya mansik ichchecha vapar karnyasathi vaparla. tyane assa nishkarsh kadhala qee too tyachya shikshela tyachya aantarik aatmyacha tapas karnyachya sandheet badaloo shakala. "aajche manasshastra" mulakhat. aajche manasshastra' chya december 1974 chya ankat, samm vishane assagiolichi mulakhat ghetali, jyamadhye assagioline frydian manovishleshan aanee manosanshleshan yanchyatil farkanvar charcha keleeh asagiyoline namood kele qee carl jung, "serve aadhunik manasopacharatadnyanpaiki, siddhant aanee saravat manosanshleshanachya sarvat jawalche aahe", aanee tyachya swatachya aanee jangchya matanmadhil samanatevar aanakhi vistar kelah tyanni jangche karya aanee manosanshleshan yateel farak dekhil adhorekhit kelah assagioline ichchebaddal thampane sangitaleh mulakhatichya shevati, utsukatene swatah assa nishkarsh kadhalah aadhyatmik karya. assagioli yanna jaaniv aanee transpersonal kamachya kshetratahi rus hota aanee teey sakriy hote. ishwarshastra aanee purvekadil tattvadnyanacha abhyas kelyanantar, tyanchya likhit karyane chintanshil, grahansheel aanee sarjansheel dhyanasah vividh dhyan tantre vikasit kelee. vayaheen shahanpan' mhanoon olakhalya jaananya paramparetil anek aadhyatmik gatanmadhyehi tyanni yogdan dile."tyanni naveen yugatil shikshika ellis bellie yanchya kalpananvar aadharit dhyan shikavanyachya uddeshane done gatanchi sthapana keleeh sarjansheel dhyanasathicha gut aanee naveen yugasathicha dhyan gut. teey goodh abhyasasathichya shaleche saha-sansthapak dekhil hote, jyacha uddesh ellis beliche kaam pragat staravar shikavane haah hota.

roberto asagioli roberto asagioli (27 february 1888-23 august 1974) ek italian manochikitsak rar manawatawadi rar transpersional manovigyanko kshetrama agragami thie. asagiyolile manosanshleshan bhanera chinine manovaigyanik andolanko sthapana gare, june az pani chikitsak rar manovaigyanikharudwara wiksit bhairaheko chha jasle unle wiksit gareka manovaigyanik vidhiharu rar prawidhiharuko abhyas garchhan. unka kamharu, dui pustakharu rar parchaka rupma prakashit dherai monographharu sahit, wyaktitwako pragatishil ekikaran (arthat sanshleshan) ko sambhawanalai jode die. jiwan. asagiyoliko janma 27 february 1888 maa venis, italyma madhyam warga, yahudi prishthabhumibata bhaeko thiyo. uni alena kaula rar leone grekoka chhora roberto marco gregoko rupma janmeka thie. yadyapi, asagioli dui warshako hunda unka jaivik bubako mrityu bhayo, rar unaki amale tyasko lagattai alessandro emuel asagiyolisanga punah vivaha garin. asagiyolilai sano umerma kala rar sangit jasta dherai rachanatmak autletharuma pardafas garieko thiyo, jasle unko manosanshleshanma kamlai prerit gareko vishwas garieko thiyo. 18 warshako umerma unle italian (afno matribhashama), angreji, francelli, rusi, grick, lattin, german rar sanskritsahit athawata vibhinna bhashaharu sikeka thie. yass umerma unle mukhyataya rusko yatra garna thale, jahaan unle samajik pranali rar rajnitiko barema sike. sann 1922 maa unle nella siapetti namak aut yuwatisanga vivaha gare rar uniharuko euta chhora ilario asagioli bhayo. sann 1940 maa, asagiyolilai benito musoliniko fascist sarkarle "shantika lagi prarthana gareko rar anya antarrashtriya aparadhharusangai arulai pani aafusanga samel huna amantrit gareko arop lagaundai giraftar rar jailma rakheko thiyo."unlai riha gari afno pariwarma firta nagaresamma unlai 27 ratka lagi regina koeli jailko ekanta kothama rakhieko thiyo. dosro wishwayuddhako samayama, italyko florencema unko pariwarko khet nashta bhayo, rar uni rar unko pariwar duwai catania alps (arejo prantama) rar mathillo tibera upatyakama lukera gae. unko chhorako 28 warshako umerma foksoko rogbata mrityu bhayo, june yuddhako samayama kathora jiwan awasthaharubata gambhir tanawako lagi manyata prapta thiyo. yuddha samapta bhaepachi, asagioli afno kamma farkie rar afno virasata suru gare, jaslai manosanshleshan bhaninchha. yuddhapachhiko warshaharu apekshakrit shanta thie, rar yo samayama unle europe rar uttari americama manosanshleshanka lagi samarpit vibhinna adharharu sthapana gare. asagiyolile 23 august 1974 maa 86 warshako umerma mrityu nabhaesamma sukhi chalis warshako vivahaka sath lamo rar samridha jiwan bitae. unko mrityuko karan agyat thiyo. asagioli afno wyaktigat jiwanbare chhalfal garna munn paraundainan, kinki uni afno vaigyanik karyaka lagi samjhan munn paraaunthe. asagiyoliko jiwanka barema dherai thorai jiwani wiwaranharu upalabdha chhan, rar adhikansh angrejima chhainan. shiksha. asagiyolile sann 1910 maa florensko istituto dii study superiory ae dii perfagionamentoma neurology rar manochikitsama afno pahilo degree prapta gare. yass samayama, unle manovishleshanko alochana garne lekhharu lekhna thale, unisanga adhik samagra drishtikon raheko tarka gare. italyma afno adhyayan samapta garepachhi, asagioli swizerland gae, jahaan unle jurichko manochikitsa aspatal burgoljalima manochikitsama prashikshan lie. yasale unlai italyma pahilo manovishleshak abhyas suru garna prerit prerit, jaslai istituto dii sikosintesi bhaninchha. yadyapi, manovishleshanma unko kamle unlai manochikitsako kshetrasang asantushta banayo; samagrama, unle mahasus gare kii manovishleshan apurna chha. manosanshleshan. prerana rar vikas. esagioli manosanshleshanko vigyanko vikas rar sthapanaka lagi prasidha chha, manovigyanko lagi adhyatmik rar samagra drishtikon june manovishleshanbata wiksit bhaeko thiyo. uni dherai hadasamma friedko damit manko vichar rar samuhik achetanko jungko siddhantabata prerit thie. manovishleshanma prashikshit tara samagrama yasako apurnata bhanera afule maneko kuraharubata asantushta, asagiyolile prem, buddhi, rachanatmakta rar ichchhashakti sabai mahatwapurna ghatakharu thie june manovishleshanma samawesh garnuparchha bhanne mahasus gare. asagiyoliko manosanshleshanko prarambhik vikas sann 1911 maa suru bhayo, jab unle manovigyanma afno aupacharik shiksha suru gare. unle afno mrityusamma manosanshleshanma afno kaam jaari rakhe. fryed rar asagiyolile patrachar gareko thaha thiyo, yadyapi uniharule kahilyai bhetne mauka paeka thienan. asagiyolile bhane, "manosanshleshanle manovishleshanlai purwanirdharit gardacha, wa yasalai pahilo rar awashyak charanko rupma samawesh gardacha." yadyapi, asagioli sigmund fryaddwara tayar parieka siddhantaharusanga asahamat thie jaslai unle simit garne vichar gare. unle fryedko hraswad rar wyaktitwako sakaratmak ayamharuko upeksha swikar garna aswikar gare. manosanshleshan manovishleshanbata utpanna bhaeko pahilo drishtikon banyo jasma manisko kalatmak, paropkari rar veer kshamata pani samawesh thiyo. asagiyoliko kaam manovaigyanik carle jungsanga badhi sanrekhanma thiyo. asagioli rar jung duwaile manav astitwako adhyatmik starko mahatwalai pramanit gare. asagiyolile adhyatmik gatishiltadwara manovaigyanik lakshanharu utpanna huna sakchhan bhanne antardrishti jungsanga sajha gare. asagiyolile jungka siddhantaharulai manosanshleshanko afno bujhaiko najikko mane. asagiyolile manosanshleshanka lagi afno dherai preranalai sann 1940 maa ekanta karawasma ek mahina lamo jailma bitauna manyata die. unle jailma afno samaya dainik dhyan garera afno manasik iccha prayog garna prayog gare. unle afno sajayalai afno bhitri atmako anusandhan garne awasarma pariwartan garna saksham bhaeko nishkarsh nikale. "az manovigyan" antarwarta. az manovigyan" ko december 1974 ko ankama, asagiyolilai saam inticle antarwarta die, jasma asagiyolile frydian manovishleshan rar manosanshleshan bichko bhinnataharubare chhalfal gareh asagiyolile carle jung, "sabai adhunik manochikitsakharu madhye, manosanshleshanko siddhanta rar abhyasma sabaibhanda najik chha", rar afnai rar jungko vicharharu bichko samantama thap wistar gareko ullekha gareh unle jungko kaam rar manosanshleshan bichko bhinnatalai pani prakash pareh asagiyolile ichchhako barema jode dieh antarwartako antyama, utsuk afaile nishkarsh nikaleh adhyatmik karya. asagioli chetana rar transpersional kamko kshetrama pani ruchi rar sakriya thie. theosophy rar purvi darshanko adhyayan garepachhi, unko likhit karyale pratibimbit, grahanshil rar rachanatmak dhyan sahit vibhinna dhyan prawidhiharu vikas garyo. unle "yughin gyan" bhanera chinine paramparama dherai adhyatmik samuhaharuma pani yogdan die."unle nayan yugka shikshak alys beliko vicharma adharit dhyan sikaune uddeshyale dui samuhaharu sthapana gareh rachanatmak dhyanka lagi samuha rar nayan yugka lagi dhyan samuha. uni gudha adhyayanka lagi schoolka saha-sansthapak pani thie, jasko uddeshya unnat starma alys beliko kaam sikaunu thiyo.

roberto asajiyoli roberto asagioli (27 februari 1888-23 august 1974) jane italiah manobigyanee ebong manababadi ebong transpersional manobigyana khetrare agrani thile. asagioli manosansleshana naamare janashuna manastatwika andolana pratistha karithile, jaahaa aaji madhya therapist ebong manobigyaneemananka dwara bikashita heuchhi jeunmane taanka dwara bikashita manastatwika paddhati ebong kaushala abhyasa karanti . tankara duiti pustaka ebong pustika bhabe prakashita aneka monograph sameth karjya byaktitwara pragatiseela ekikarana (arthat sanshleshana) rahr sambhabana upare gurutwaropa karithila. zeeban. asagioli 27 februari 1888 ray italyra bhenisare eka madhyabitta, ihudi prusthabhumiru janmagrahana karithile. shay elena kaula ebong leone grekonka putra roberto marco grego bhabare janmagrahana karithile. tebe, asajiolinku dui barsha bayasa hoithiba bele taanka pitanka mrutyu hoithila ebong taanka maaa khub shighra alessandro emuel asajiolinku punarbara bibaha karithile. assagioli alpa bajasare kalaa ebong sangeeta pari aneka srujanashila outlet sahita unmukta hoithile, jaahaa manosangshleshanare taanka karjyaku anupranita karithila bolly biswasa karajauthila . 18 barsha bayasa suddha shay athati bhinna bhinna bhasha shikhithile, jeunthire italiah (taanka matrubhasha), ingraji, french, rushiah, greek, latin, german ebong sanskruta antarbhukta thila. ehi bajasare shay jatra arambha karithile, mukhyatah rushia, jeunthare shay samajika byabastha ebong rajneeti bishajare shikhithile. 1922 masihare shay nella siapeti namaka jane jubateenku bibaha karithile, ebong semanankara ilario asagioli namaka eka pua thila. 1940 masihare, "shanti paain prarthana kariba ebong anya antarjatija aparadha sahita taanka sahita jogadebaku anyamananku nimantran kariba" abhijogare, benito musolininka fyasibadi sarkar dwara asajiolinku girapha karajaithila ebong bandi karajaithila."tanku 27 raati paain regina koeli karagarare eka nirjan kothareere rakhajaithila, jeparjyanta shay mukta hoinathile ebong taanka paribaraku ferry nathile. dwiteeja biswajudha samajare, italyra florencere thiba taanka paribarara chaash jami nust hoijaithila, ebong shay ebong taanka paribara ubhaja ketenia alps (arejo pradeshare) ebong uparar tyber upatyakare luchi rahithile. taanka pua 28 barsha bajasare fushfush rogare mrutyubarana karithile, jaahaa juddha samajare kathore jeebanasaileeru gurutara chaap paain sweekrutiprapta thila . juddha shesh heba parey, asagioli taanka karjyaku pherithile ebong tankara uttaradhikara arambha karithile, jaahaa manosansleshana bhabare janashuna . juddhara parabarti barshagudika apekhyakruta shant thila, ebong ehi samajare shay europe ebong uttara aamerikare manosansleshana paain utsargeekruta bibhinna foundation pratistha karithile. asagioli eka sukhee chalisha barshar bibaha sahita eka dirgha ebong samruddha zeeban bitaithile, jaahaa parey shay 23 august 1974 ray 86 barsha bajasare mrutyubarana karithile. taanka mrutyura kaaran agyata thila . asagioli taanka byaktigata zeeban bishajare alochana karibaku pasanda karunathile, kaaran shay taanka baigyanika karjya paain smaraniah hebaku pasanda karithile. asajiolinka zeeban bishajare bahuta comm jibanigata bibaranee upalabdha achhi, ebong adhikansha ingrajire naahin . sikhya. 1910 masihare florencer 'istituto dii study superieri praticy ee dii perfagionamento' thaare 'asagioli' snajabika bigyana ebong manobigyanare pratham degree hassel karithile. ehi samajare shay manobigyanaku samalochana curry prabandha lekhiba arambha karithile, ebong jukti karithile je tankara eka adhika samagrika abhimukhya rahichhi. italyre adhyajana shesh kariba parey, asagioli swijaralyanda jaithile, jeunthare shay jurichar manochikitsa daktarakhana burgoljalire manochikitsa talim neithile. ehaa tanku italyre pratham manobisleshaka abhyasa arambha karibaku prerita karithila, jaahaa istituto dii sikosintesi bhabare janashuna . tebe, manobigyana khetrare tankara karjya tanku manobigyana khetrare asantusta karideithila; samagrika bhabe, shay anubhaba karithile je manobigyana asampurna. manosansleshana. prerana ebong bikash. assagioli manosansleshana bigyanara bikash ebong pratistha paain prasidha, manobigyana prati eka adhyatmika ebong samagrika abhimukhya jaahaa manobigyanaru bikashita hoithila . shay mukhyatah fraedanka dwara damneet munn ebong jangnka samuhika achetanata tatwa dwara anupranita hoithile. manobigyanare talim prapta kintu samagrika bhabe asampurna bolly bibechana karuthiba bishai dwara asantusta hoi, assagioli anubhaba karithile je prem, gyaana, srujanasheelata ebong ichhashakti heuchhi gurutwapurna upadan jaahaa manobigyanare antarbhukta heba uchit. 1911 masihare, jetebele shay manobigyanare tankara aanusthanika sikhya arambha karithile, setebele asajijolinka manosansleshanara prarambhika bikash arambha hoithila. shay mrutyu parjyanta manosansleshana upare nijara karjya jaari rakhithile. fried ebong asagioli paraspara saha jogajogare thile bolly janathila, jadio semananku kebe bhetibara sujoga mili nathila. asagioli kahithile, "manosansleshana manobigyanaku anumana kare, kimba barang ehaaku eka pratham ebong aabasyaka parjyaja bhabare antarbhukta kare ." tebe, sigmund fraedanka dwara prastuta siddhantagudika sahita asagioli sahmat nathile, jaahaaku shay seemita karibaku bichara karithile. shay friedra hrasabada ebong byaktitwara sakaratmaka digaku anadekha karibaku sweekara karibaku manah karideithile. manosansleshana manobigyanaru janmita pratham abhimukhya hoithila jeunthire manishar kalatmaka, paropakaree ebong biratwapurna sambhabana madhya antarbhukta thila . asajiolinka karjya manobigyanee carle jangnka saha adhika samanjasyare thila . ubhaja asajiyoli ebong jang manab astitwara adhyatmika starar gurutwaku pramanita karithile. adhyatmika gatisheelata dwara manastatwika lakhyanagudika udbhuta hoipare bolly asajiyoli jangnka saha antardrusti bantithile. asagioli junganka siddhantagudiku manosansleshana bishajare tankara bodhagamyatara nikattam bolly bibechana karithile. 1940 masihare ekanta karabasare masasara bandi rahiba dwara, asagioli manosansleshana paain tankara adhikansha preranaku swekruti deithile. shay pratidina dhyana curry nijara manasika ichhashaktira prajoga kariba paain jelre thiba samajaku byabahara karithile. shay ehi siddhantare upneet hoithile je shay taanka dandaku niz aabhyantareen aatmaaku anusandhana karibara eka sujogare paribartana karibare sakhyama hoithile. "aajira manobigyana" sakhyatakara. 1974 masiha december maasare "aaji manobigyana" rahr sanchikare, asajijolinku saam intet sakhyatakara deithile, jeunthire asajiyoli friedian manobigyana ebong manosansleshana madhyare thiba parthakya bishajare alochana karithileh asagioli ullekha karithile je carle jang, "samasta adhunika manochikitsakamananka madhyaru, manosansleshanara siddhanta ebong abhyasare nikattam", ebong niz ebong jangnka drustikona madhyare samanata upare ahuri bistara karithileh shay jungara karjya ebong manosansleshana madhyare thiba parthakya upare madhya alokapata karithileh asajiyoli ichha bishajare drudhokti prakash karithileh sakhyatakara sheshare, agrahi nije ehi siddhantare upneet hoithileh adhyatmika karjya. assagioli madhya chetana ebong transpersional karjya khetrare agrahi ebong sakriya thile. dharmatwa ebong prachya darshan adhyajana kariba parey, tankara likhita karjya bibhinna dhyana kaushala bikashita karithila, jeunthire pratiphalita, grahanaseela ebong srujanashila dhyana antarbhukta . shay "yugaheena gyaana" naamare janashuna paramparare aneka adhyatmika gostheere madhya yogdan karithile."nutan jugara sikhyaka alice beilinka bichara upare aadharita dhyana sikhya deba uddeshyare shay duiti gosthi pratistha karithileh srujanashila dhyana paain gosthi ebong nutan juga paain dhyana gosthi . shay madhya eka unnat starare alice beilinka karjyaku padhaiba uddeshyare goodha adhyajana paain bidyalajara saha-pratisthata thile .

roberto asagioli roberto asagioli (27 farvari 1888-23 agast 1974) ikk italvi mano-vigiaani atey manukhtavadi atey transpersonal manovigiaan dey khetran witch mohri see. asagioli neey mnovigiaanak lahir dee sathapana keeti jiss noon mano-sanshleshan vajon janhiaa jaanda haii, joe ajj vee therapistan atey manovigiaaniaan duaara vikast keeta jaa riha haii joe uss duaara vikast keete gaye mnovigiaanak tarikiaan atey taknikan daa abhiaas karde hunn. uss dey kamm, jiss witch doou kitaban atey parche vajon prakashit bahut saare monograph shamal hunn, neey shakhsiat dey pragtishil ekikaran (yaani sanshleshan) dee sambhavna utte zor ditta. jeevan. asagioli daa janam 27 farvari 1888 noon itali dey venis witch ikk maddh-varag, yahudi pichokad toon hoiaa see. uh elena kaula atey leone greco dey puttar, roberto marco grego vajon paida hoiaa see. halanki, uss dey jaivik pitaa dee maut hoow gaee jadon asagioli doou saal daa see, atey uss dee maan neey jaldi hii alessandro emmanuel asagioli naal dubara viaah karwa liaa. asagioli noon chhoti umar witch bahut saare rachnatmak outletan, jiven kii qalaa atey sangeet, daa sahmana karna piaa, jinhan baare manniaa jaanda see kii uhanan neey mano-sanshleshan witch aapne kamm noon prerit keeta see. 18 saal dee umar takk, uss neey atth vakkh-vakkh bhashavan sikkhiaan sunn, jinhan witch italian (aapni mool bhasha), angrezi, franch, russie, yunani, latini, german atey sanskrit shamal sunn. iss umar witch hii unhan neey mukkh taur utte roos dee yaatra curney shuru keeti, jitthe unhan neey smajik pranaliaan atey rajneeti baare sikkhiaa. sann 1922 witch uhanan neey naila siapeti naam dee ikk naujwan aurat naal viaah karwa liaa atey uhanan daa ikk puttar, ilario asagioli see. 1940 witch, acgoli noon benito musolini dee fashiwadi sarkaar duaara griftar keeta giaa atey qaid qarr liaa giaa, jiss utte "shanti laee prarthna curran atey horr antarashtari apradhan dey naal-naal doojiaan noon uss naal shamal honn laee sadda denh daa dosh lagaiaa giaa see."uss noon 27 raatan laee regina koeli jailh witch ikk ikant kothri witch rakkhiaa giaa see, jadon takk uss noon rihaa naheen keeta giaa atey aapne parivaar cole waps naheen keeta giaa. dooje vishav yuddh dauran, florence, itali witch uss dey parivaar daa farm tabah hoow giaa see, atey uh atey uss daa parivaar doven catania alpus (arezo prant witch) atey uppri tyber ghaati witch look gaye sunn. uss dey puttar dee 28 saal dee umar witch fefdiaan dee bimari naal maut hoow gaee, jiss noon yuddh dauran kathor jeevan haaltan caarn gambhir tanaa laee maanta ditti gaee see. yuddh khatam honn toon baad, asagioli aapne kamm 'teey waps aaa giaa atey aapni virasat shuru keeti, jiss noon mano-sanshleshan vajon janhiaa jaanda haii. yuddh toon baad dey saal mukabaltan shaant sunn, atey ih iss samein dauran see jadon usne yoorap atey uttri amrica witch manovishasnikaran noon samarpit vakkh-vakkh neenhan dee sathapana keeti. asagioli neey 23 agast 1974 noon 86 saal dee umar witch aapni maut takk ikk khushhal chaali saal dey viaah dey naal ikk lambi atey khushhal zindagi bateet keeti. uss dee maut daa caarn anjaan see. asagioli aapni nijji zindagi baare charcha karna pasand naheen karda see, kiunki uh aapne vigiaanak kamm laee yaad keete jaanh noon tarjih dinda see. asagioli dey jeevan baare bahut ghatt jeevani birtant upalbadh hunn, atey ziaadaatar angrezi witch naheen hunn. sikkhiaa. asagioli neey 1910 witch florence witch istitu dee studdy supririri aii dee perfasiomento vikhe neurology atey mano-vigiaan witch aapni pahili digri prapat keeti. iss samein dauran, usne manovigiaan dee alochna curran vaale lekh likhne shuru qarr ditte, ih daleel dinde hoye kii uss dee vadhere sampuran pahunch see. itali witch aapni padahi puurii curran toon baad, asagioli switzerland chalaa giaa, jitthe uss noon zurich dey mano-vigiaanak hospital burgolzli witch mano-vigiaan dee sikhlai ditti gaee see. iss naal uss neey itali witch pahila mnovigiaanak abhiaas shuru keeta, jiss noon istituto dee psychocyntacy vajon janhiaa jaanda haii. halanki, manovigiaan witch uss dey kamm neey uss noon mano-vigiaan dey khetar toon asantusht qarr ditta; samuche taur 'teey, uss neey mahisus keeta kii manovigiaan adhura see. mnovigiaanak sanshleshan. prerna atey vikas. asagioli manovigiaan dey vigiaan dey vikas atey sathapana laee mashur haii, joe manovigiaan laee ikk adhiaatmak atey sampuran pahunch haii joe manovigiaan toon vikast hoee see. uh vadde paddhar utte fried dey dabbe hoye munn dey vichaar atey jung dey samoohak behoshi dey sidhantan toon prerit see. manovigiaan witch sikkhiat parr samuche taur utte iss dee apuranta toon asantusht, asagioli neey mahisus keeta kii piaar, siaanap, sirjanatmakta atey ichha shakti saare mahattavpuran hisse sunn jinhan noon manovigiaan witch shamal keeta jaanha chahida haii. asagioli daa mnovigiaanak vikas 1911 witch shuru hoiaa, jadon usne manovigiaan witch aapni rasmi sikkhiaa shuru keeti. unhan neey aapni maut takk mano-sanshleshan utte aapna kamm jaari rakkhiaa. fried atey asagioli noon pattar vihaar curran laee janhiaa jaanda see, halanki unhan noon kadey milann daa mauka naheen miliaa. asagioli neey kiha, "manovigiaan manovigiaan noon anuman lagaunda haii, jaan iss dee bajaae, iss noon pahile atey zaruri padaa vajon shamal karda haii." halanki, asagioli sigmund fried duaara tiaar keete gaye sidhantan naal asehmat see jinhan noon uh seemat curran baare sochda see. uss neey fried dey ghatt curran atey shakhsiat dey skaratmak pahiluaan dee angahili noon savikar curran toon inkaar qarr ditta. manovigiaan manovigiaan toon paida hoee pahili pahunch bann gaee jiss witch manukh deeaan kalatmak, parupkari atey bahadari deeaan samrathavan vee shamal sunn. asagioli daa kamm manovigiaani, kaaral jung naal vadhere talmel witch see. asagioli atey jung dovan neey manukkhi hond dey adhiaatmik paddhar dey mahattav noon pramanit keeta. asagioli neey jung naal ih samajh sanjhi keeti kii mnovigiaanak lachhan adhiaatmik gatishilta duaara shuru keete jaa sakde hunn. asagioli neey jung dey sidhantan noon manovishasani dee aapni samajh dey sabh toon nede manniaa. asagioli neey mano-sanshleshan laee aapni prerna daa vadda hissa 1940 witch ikant qaid witch aapni maheene bharr dee qaid noon maanta ditti. usne jailh witch aapne samein dee varton rozana dhiaan lagaa keey aapni mansik ichha shakti dee varton curran laee keeti. uss neey sitta kaddhiaa kii uh aapni sazaa noon aapne andruni sway dee jaanch curran dey mauke witch badlan dey yog see. "ajj daa manovigiaan" interview. ajj daa manovigiaan" dey dasambar 1974 dey ank witch, asagioli dee interview saim inciate duaara keeti gaee see, jiss witch asagioli neey friedian manovigiaan atey manovigiaan dey vichkaar antran baare charcha keeti seeuuu asagioli neey nott keeta kii kaaral jung, "saare aadhunik manovigiaaniaan vicchon, sidhant atey abhiaas witch manovishasani dey sabh toon nede haii", atey aapne atey jung dey vicharan darmiaan samantavan noon horr vistaar dittaau unhan neey jung dey kamm atey manovishasani dey witch antar noon vee ujagar keetaau asagioli neey ichha baare zor dey keey kihaau interview dey ant witch, utsuk neey aapne aap noon sitta kaddhiaao adhiaatmik kamm. asagioli chetna atey transpersonal kamm dey khetar witch vee dilchaspi rakkhda see atey sargaram see. dharam shastar atey purbi falsafe daa adhiaen curran toon baad, uss dey likhti kamm neey vakkh-vakkh dhiaan taknikan vikast keetiaan, jinhan witch pratibimbit, grahinsheel atey rachnatmak dhiaan shamal hunn. unhan neey parampra witch kaee adhiaatmik samoohan witch vee yogdan paaiaa jiss noon "umarheen giaan" vajon janhiaa jaanda haii."uhanan neey navein yugg dey adhiaapak ellis bellie dey vicharan dey adhaar utte dhiaan sikhaun dey udesh naal doou samoohan dee sathapana kitia rachnatmak dhiaan laee samooh atey navein yugg laee dhiaan samooh. uh goodeh adhiaen laee school daa sahi-sansthapak vee see, jiss daa udesh unnat paddhar 'teey ellis bellie dey kamm noon padhauna see.

raberto asagioli raberto asagioli (27 febravari 1888-23 august 1974) ekaha italian-manorogachikitskah, manavatavada-paaravyaktitva-manovijnaana-kshetre cha pravartakah cha aasit. asagioli ityayam manosanshleshanam iti namna khyaatam manovaidnyaanik-andolanam asthaapayat, yat adyapi chikitsakaih, manovaidnyaanikebhyah cha vikasate, ye cha tasya vikasitanam manovaidnyaanik-paddhatyam tantraan cha abhyaasayanti. tasya krutihi, pustakadwayam, tathaa cha patrarupena prakashitani anekaani monographs cha, vyaktitvasya pragatisheel-ekikaranasya (arthaat samshleshanasya) sambhaavanaam pratipaadayat. jeevati. asagioli ityasya janma 27 februvari 1888 tame dine itali-deshasya venis-nagare madhyamavargasya, yahoodee-prushtabhoomyaah abhavat. saha elenaa kaulaa tathaa leone greko ityetayoho putrah raberto maarko grego iti ajayata. parantu, asagioli ityasya aayuh yadaa dwiwarsheeyah aasit tadaa tasya jaivikah pitaa mrutah, tasya maataa sheeghramev alessandro emenyoole asagioli ityanena saha punarvivaaham krutavatee. asagioli alpavayasi eva kalaa-sangeeta-ityadinam anekanam srujanaatmak-sadhananam krute abhigamyatam praapnot, ye manosamshleshanasya vishaye tasya kaaryaay preritaah iti manyate sma. 18 vayasi saha italian (tasya matrubhasha), aanglam, french, rashyan, greek, lattin, german, samskrutam cha iti ashtaani bhinnani bhashani abhyanayt. asmin vayasi eva saha mukhyataya rashyaa-desham agruhnaat, yatra saha saamaajikavyavasthaayaah, raajaneeteh cha vishaye dnyaatavaan. 1922 tame varshe saha nellaa siapetti iti yuvateem parineetavaan, teshaam ilario asagioli iti ekaha putrah abhavat. 1940 tame varshe, asagioli, benito musolini ityasya faasist-sarvakaarena bandhitah, kaaraavrutah cha abhavat, "shaanteh krute praarthanam krutvaa anyaan anyaih antarashtriya-aparaadhaih saha swena saha sammilayitum aamantrayat iti cha aaropah krutah."saha 27 raatrayah regina koeli karagarasya ekaantakoshe sthaapitah, yaavat saha muktah bhutva svaparivaaram prati pratyagatavan. dviteeyavishvayuddhe, italee-deshasya florence-nagare tasya parivaarasya krushihi nashtah abhavat, saha tasya parivaarah cha ketenia-alps-pradeshe (aarezo-pradeshe), uparitame tibber-upatyakayam cha lapishtau. tasya putrah 28 varsheeyah, yuddhakaale kathor-jeevan-sthityaa teevra-pidaayaah karanat praadrushtah, fuffus-rogena mrutah. yuddhasya samaapteh anantaram asagioli svakaryartham pratyaagatya swaparamparaayaah arambham krutavaan, yat manosanshleshanam iti namna prasidhah aasit. yuddhanantaram varshaani apekshaakrutam shaantaani aasan, asmin eva kaale saha europe-deshe uttar-amerikaadeshe cha manosanshleshanaartham samarpitaani vividhaah adharasthanani sthapitavan. asagioli, 1974 august 23 dinaanke 86 vayasi mriyitum yaavat, sukhayutam chaturvarsheeya-vivaah-sahitam deergham samruddham cha jeevanam yaapayat. tasya mrutyoho karanam adnyaatam aasit. asagioli swasya vyaktigatajeevanasya vishaye charchaam kartum naa rochat, yatah saha swasya vaidnyaanikakaaryaartham smaranam icchati sma. asagioli ityasya jeevanasya vishaye atyalpaah jeevanacharitraatmakavruttaanah upalabhyante, adhikaamshaah anglabhashayam naa santi. shikshate. asagioli ityayam 1910 tame varshe florence-nagarasya istituto dii study supiyariri praatisi ee dii perfasionmento-nagare neurology-manorogachikitsayam cha prathamapadaveem praptavan. asmin samaye saha manovishleshanasya vimarshaartham lekhaan lekhitum aarabdhavaan, tasya samagrah drushtikonah asti iti tarkayan. italee-deshe adhyayanm samaaptam krutvaa asagioli switzerlyaand-desham gatavaan, yatra saha zurich-nagarasya manovaidyakeeya-chikitsaalaye burgholzlee ityatra manovaidyashaastrasya prashikshanm praptavan. anena saha italian-deshe prathamasya manovishleshaka-abhyasasya arambham krutavaan, yah istituto dii sikosintesee iti namna prasidhah aasit. parantu, manovishleshanasya tasya karyena saha manochikitsaayaah kshetre asantushtah abhavat; samagratayaa, saha manovishleshanam apoornam iti anubhootah. manosanshleshanam. preranaa evam vikaasah. asagioli, manosamshleshanasya vidnyaanasya vikasaya, sthaapanaay cha prasidhah asti, yah manovishleshanaat vikasitah manovidnyaanasya adhyatmikaha samagrah cha drushtikonah asti. fried ityasya damitamanasya vichaaren, jang ityasya saamoohik-achetanasya siddhaantaih cha saha bahudhaa preritah aasit. manovishleshanasya prashikshanm praaptah, parantu samagratayaa tasya apurnata iti saha yat manyate tatt naa santushtah, asagioli, premah, buddhihi, rachanatmakata, icchaashaktihi cha sarve mahattvapoornaani ghatakaah santi iti manyamaanah, ye cha manovishleshanasya antargataani bhaveyuhu. asagioli ityasya manosamshleshanasya praarambhikavikaasah 1911 tame varshe aarabdhah, yadaa saha manovidnyaanasya aupacharikashiksham prarabhata. saha mrutyuparyantam manosamshleshanasya karyam niranta. fried tathaa asagioli cha parasparam abhilikhitavantah iti dnyaayate, yadyapi te kadaapi militum naa apekshynt. asagioli avadat, "manosanshleshanam, manovishleshanam anumanyate, athavaa prathamaroopen aawashyakaroopen cha antargacchati." parantu, essagioli, sigmund fried ityanena praneetaih siddhaantaih saha asahamatah aasit, ye saha seemitam iti vichaarayat. saha fried ityasya hraasavaadam, vyaktitvasya sakaratmaka-ayamanam upekshaa cha sweekartum niraakarot. manosanshleshanam iti manovishleshanaat janma praapnot prathamam vidhaanam abhavat yasmin manushyasy kalaatmakam, paropakaari, veerashaktih cha antarbhavanti sma. asagioli ityasya kaaryam manochikitsakena carl-jang ityanena saha adhikatayaa samaantaram aasit. asagioli tathaa jang ityetaah cha maanavasya aadhyaatmikasy starasya mahattvam pramaaneekrutavantah. asagioli, aadhyaatmik-gatishilataya manovaidnyaanik-lakshanani pravartayitum shaknuvanti iti antardrushtih jang ityanena saha saha vibhaktavaan. asagioli, jang ityasya siddhantaha tasya manosamshleshanasya bodhasya sameepe iti manyamaanah. asagioli ityayam manosanshleshanaartham swasya preranehe adhikaamsham 1940 tame varshe ekamaasaparyantam ekaantavaase kaaraavaase nyaveshtavaan. saha karagare swasya samayasya upayogena pratidinam dhyanam krutvaa swasya manasika-icchaayaah prayogam krutavaan. saha nishkarsham krutavaan yat saha swasya dandam swasya aantarikasy anveshanasya avasararoopen parivartayitum samarthah aasit iti. "manovidnyaanam adya" iti sakshatkaraha. 1974 december-maase "manovidnyaanasya adya" sanchikaayaam, asagioli ityasya sakshatkaraha syaam-vishit ityanena krutah, yasmin asagioli ityayam friedian-manovishleshanasya manosamshleshanasya cha madhye bhedaan charchitah. asagioli ityanena soochitam yat carl-jang, "sarveshu aadhunik-manochikitsakeshu, siddhaantatah abhyaase cha manosamshleshanasya sameepasthah asti" iti, tathaa cha swakeeye tathaa jang ityasya vichaarayoh madhye samanatam vistaaritah. saha jang ityasya karyasya manosamshleshanasya cha madhye bhedaan api udghaatayat. asagioli icchaayaah vishaye pratipaditah. saakshaatkaarasy ante, utsukah svayameva nishkarsham avadath adhyatmikam karyam karotu. asagioli chetanaakshetre tathaa cha transpersonal-karyakshetre api ruchim, sakriyah cha aasit. eeshvaradnyaanasya, poorveeyadarshanasy cha adhyayanm akarot, tasya likhitakarmah vibhinnaani dhyaana-tantraani vikasitavaan, yathaa pratibimbeeta-grahanasheel-rachanaatmak-dhyanam cha. saha "yugaateet-gyaanam" iti namna prasiddhe paramparayam anekeshu aadhyaatmik-samooheshu api yogadam dattavaan."saha navayugasya shikshikaayaah aalis belly ityasya vichaaraanaam aadhaaren dhyanam shikshayitum dwau samoohau sthapitavan-rachanaatmak dhyanasya samoohah, navayugasya dhyaanasamooh cha. saha goodaadhyayanasya vidyaalayasya saha-samsthaapakah api aasit, yasya uddeshyam unnatastare elis belly ityasya kaaryam shikshayitum aasit.

raberto asajioli rabardo asajioli (27 pipravari 1888-23 august 1974) oru itaaliya mananala maruthuvar mattrum manithanaeya mattrum thirunangaikal ulaviyal thuraikalil munnoadiyaaga irunthaar. asajioli ulaviyal iyakkaththai niruvinaar, idhu ulaviyal nutpangkal mattrum nutpangalai avar uruvaakkiya sigichchaiyaalargal mattrum ulaviyalaalargalaal intrum uruvaakkappadugirathu. irandu puththagangkal mattrum thundu pirasurangkalaaka veliyidappatta pala monographkal udpada avarathu padaippugal, aalumaiyin murpoakkaana orunginaippu (athaavathu thoguppu) saaththiyatthai valiyurutthina. vaazhkkai. assageoli 27 pipravari 1888 andru itaaliyin venesil oru naduththara varkka, yoothap pinnaniyaich sernthavar. avar elena kaulaa mattrum leone grego aagiyoarin maganaaga rabardo marco grego endra peyaril piranthaar. iruppinum, avarathu uyiriyal thanthai assagiolicu irandu vayathaaka irunththapoathu iranthaar, avarathu taayaar viraivil alessandro emmanuel assagioli marumanam seithu kondaar. asijiyoli ilam vayathilaeyae kalai mattrum isai poantra pala padaippu veliyeedugalukku aalaakiyirunthaar, avai manoathaththuvaththil avarathu paniyai ookkuviththathaaka nambappadugirathu. thanathu 18vadhu vayathil, avar itaaliya (thanathu sontha mozhi), aangkilam, pirenchu, russia, greakkam, latheen, jerman mattrum samasgirudham ullitta ettu vevvaeru mozhigalaik karrukkondaar. inththa vayathilaeyae avar payanam seiyath thodangkinaar, mukkiyamaaga russiavukku, angku avar samooga amaippugal mattrum arasiyal pattri karrukkondaar. 1922 aam aandil avar nella siabetti endra ilam pennai mananthaar, avarkalukku ilario asajioli endra oru magan irunthaar. 1940 aam aandil, penito musoaliniyin paasisa arasaangkaththaal assageoli kaithu seiyappattu siraiyil adaikkappattaar, "amaithikkaaga praarththanai seithathaagavum, mattra sarvadesa kuttrangaludan thannudan saera mattravargalai azhaiththathaagavum kuttram saattappattaar."avar viduvikappattu avarathu kudumbaththinaridam thirumbum varai, rejina koili siraiyil 27 iravugal oru thanii siraiyil vaikkappattaar. irandaam ulagap poarin poathu, itaaliyin florencil ulla avarathu kudumbaththin pannai azhikkappattathu, avarum avarathu kudumbaththinarum catenia alps (arezzo maagaanaththil) mattrum mael diaber pallaththaakkil marainththanar. avarathu magan thanathu 28 vayathil nuraiyeeral noayaal iranthaar, idhu poarin poathu kadumaiyaana vaazhkkai nilaimaigalaal kadumaiyaana mana azhuththaththirku angkeekaaram pettrathu. poar mudintha piragu, asajioli thanathu panikkuth thirumbinaar, maelum manoathaththuvak kalavai endru azhaikkappadum thanathu bhaarambariyaththaith thodangkinaar. poarukkup pinththaiya aandugal oppeettalavil amaithiyaaga irunththana, inththa neraththilthaan avar iropa mattrum vada americavil manoathaththuva thoguppukkaaga arppanikappatta palvaeru adiththalangkalai niruvinaar. assageoli naarpathu aandu magizhchchiyaana thirumanaththudan neenda mattrum valamaana vaazhkkaiyai vaalnththaar, avar august 23,1974 andru 86 vayathil irakkum varai. avarathu maranaththirkaana kaaranam theriyavillai. thanathu ariviyal panikkaaga ninaivukoorappaduvathai virumbiyathaal, thanathu thanipatta vaazhkkaiyaip pattri vivaathikka asajioli virumbavillai. assagioliyin vaazhkkai pattriya migak kuraindha vaazhkkai varalaattruk kurippugal mattumae ullana, avattril perumbaalaanavai aangkilaththil illai. kalvi. 1910 aam aandil plorence nagaril ulla istitudo dii studdy suberiori piraattisi ii dii perfessionamentovil narambiyal mattrum mananala maruththuvaththil thanathu muthal pattaththaip pettraar. inththa neraththil, avar manoathaththuva pakuppaaivai vimarsikkum katturaigalai ezhuthath thodangkinaar, avar migavum muzhumaiyaana anugumuraiyaik kondirundhaar endru vaathittaar. itaaliyil thanathu padippai mudiththa piragu, asajioli switcherlaandhukkuch sentraar, angku avar soorichchil ulla mananala maruthuvamanaiyil mananala maruththuvaththil payirchi pettraar. idhu itaaliyil muthal manoathaththuva pakuppaaivu payirchiyaith thodanga vazhivaguththathu, idhu istitudo dii cycosyntasy endru azhaikkappadukirathu. iruppinum, manoathaththuva paguppaaivil avarathu panii mananala marutthuvath thuraiyil thirupthiyadaiyavillai; ottumoththamaaga, manoathaththuva pakuppaaivu muzhumaiyadaiyavillai endru avar unarnthaar. manoathaththuvak kalavai. uthvaegam mattrum valarchi. ulaviyal paguppaaivilirunthu uruvaakkappatta ulaviyalukkaana aanmeega mattrum muzhumaiyaana anugumuraiyaana ulaviyal thoguppu ariviyalai uruvaakki niruviyatharku asajioli pirabalamaanathu. odukkapatta manathaip pattriya frydine yoasanaiyaalum, koottu mayakkam pattriya junkin koatpaadugalaalum avar perumpaalum eerkkappattaar. manoathaththuva paguppaaivil payirchi pettra aanaal ottumoththamaaga adhan muzhumaiyattra thanmai endru avar karudhiyavattraal tirupthi adaiyaatha asajioli, anbu, gnaanam, padaippaattral mattrum viruppam anaiththum manoathaththuva paguppaaivil saerkkappada vaendiya mukkiyamaana koorugal endru unarnthaar. assagioliyin aarambagaala manoathaththuvak kalavai valarchi 1911 aam aandil thodangiyathu, avar ulaviyalil thanathu muraiyaana kalviyaith thodangkinaar. avar irakkum varai manoathaththuvak kuzhumam kuriththa thanathu paniyaith thodarnthaar. fraaydum assagioliyum orupoathum santhikkum vaaippu kidaikkavillai entraalum, avarkal thodarpukondathaaga ariyappattathu. manoathaththuvak kuzhappam ulaviyal pakuppaaivai munkoottiyae anumaanikkirathu, allathu adhai muthal mattrum thevaiyaana kattamaaga ulladakkiyathu" endru asajioli koorinaar." iruppinum, sigmund broid vaguththa koatpaadugalai avar kattuppaduththuvadhaagak karuthinaar. broidin kuraippuvaathaththaiyum, aalumaiyin nermaraiyaana parimaanangkalai purakkanippathaiyum avar aerka marutthuvittaar. manoathaththuva paguppaaivilirunthu pirakkum muthal anugumuraiyaaga manoathaththuvak kalaiyiyal aanathu, idhil manithanin kalai, paroapakaara mattrum veera thirankalum adangkum. assagioliyin panii ulaviyalaar carle jangudan adhiga seeramaippil irunththathu. assageoli mattrum jung aagiya irandum manitha iruppin aanmeega mattaththin mukkiyatthuvaththai uruthippaduththiyathu. aanmeega iyakkaviyalaal ulaviyal arikurigal thoondappadalaam endra nunnarivai asajioli jangudan pagirnthu kondaar. jungkin koatpaadugal ulaviyal thoguppu pattriya avarathu purithalukku miga nerukkamaanavai endru asajioli karuthinaar. 1940 aam aandil oru maatha kaala siraivaasaththil thanimaiyil adaikkappattatharku ulaviyal thoguppukkaana thanathu uthvaegaththin perumbaguthiyai asajioli angeekariththaar. siraiyil irunththa thanathu neraththai thinasari thiyaanam seivathan moolam thanathu mana virupaththaip payanpaduththik kondaar. thanathu thandanaiyai thanathu ull-suyaththai aaraaivatharkaana vaaippaaga maattra mudinthathu endru avar mudivu seithaar. "intraiya ulaviyal" nerkaanal. intru ulaviyal" endra disambar 1974 idhazhil, asajioli saam intiat enbavaraal nerkaanal seiyappattaar, athil asajioli broidian ulaviyal pakuppaaivu mattrum ulaviyal thoguppukku idaiyilaana vaerupaadugalaip pattri vivaathithaar anaitthu naveena ulaviyalaalargalil carle jung, koatpaadu mattrum nadaimuraiyil manoathaththuva thoguppukku miga nerukkamaanavar" endru asajioli kuripittaar, maelum avarathu sontha mattrum junkin karutthukkalukku idaiyilaana ottrumaikalai maelum vrivupaduththinaar junkin panikkum manoathaththuvak kalavaikkum ulla vaerupaadugalaiyum avar eduthuraithaar asajioli virupaththaip pattri valiyurutthinaar nerkaanalin mudivil, aarvamullavar pinvarumaaru mudivu seithar aanmeegap panii. asajioli nanavu mattrum thirunangaikalin vaelaiyil aarvamaagavum surusuruppaagavum irunthaar. deosabi mattrum kilakkatthiya thaththuvaththaip padiththa piragu, avarathu ezhuthappatta padaippugal pirathipalippu, aetrtrukkollum mattrum padaippu thiyaanam ullitta palvaeru thiyaanam nutpangalai uruvaakkina. vayathattra gnaanam" endru azhaikkappadum bhaarambariyaththil pala aanmeega kuzhukkalukkum avar bangaliththaar."puthiya sagaaptha aasiriyar alis peyliyin karuththukkalin adippadaiyil thiyaanaththai karpikkum noakkil avar irandu kuzhukkalai niruvinaar padaippu thiyaanaththirkaana kuzhu mattrum puthiya sagaapthaththirkaana thiyaana kuzhu. avar oru maempatta mattaththil alis peyliyin vaelaiyai karpikkum nokkaththudan marmamaana padippugalukkaana palliyin inai niruvanaraagavum irunthaar.

raberto asagioli raberto asagioli (27 fibravari 1888-23 augustu 1974) oka italian manoroga vaidyudu mariyu maanavataavaada mariyu vyaktaantara manastatvasastra rangaalalo maargadarsakudu. assagioli psychosynthesis anie piluvabade manasika udyamaanni sthaapinchaadu, idhi athanu abhivruddhi chesina manasika paddhatulu mariyu paddhatulanu abhyasinche chikitsakulu mariyu manastatvavettalache netikee abhivruddhi cheyabadutondi. rendu pustakaalu, karapatraalugaa prachurinchabadina aneka monographlatho sahaa ayana rachanalu vyaktitvam yokka pragatiseela samaikyata (antey samslaeshanha) avakaasaanni nokki cheppayi. jeevitam. asagioli 1888 fibravari 27naa italianloni venis loe madhyataragati, yoodu nepathyam nundi janminchaadu. athanu elena kaula mariyu leone greco kumarudu raberto marco grego gaa janminchaadu. ayithe, assagioli rendu samvatsaraala vayassulo unnappudu athani tandri maraninchaadu, mariyu athani talli ventane alessandro emmenuel assagiolito tirigi vivaham chesukundi. assagioli chinna vayassulone kala mariyu sangeetam vanti aneka srujanaatmaka avutletlaku gurayyadu, ivi manasika samshlaeshanhaloo athani panini prerepinchaayani nammutaaru. 18 samvatsaraala vayassulo, athanu italian (thana matrubhasha), inglish, french, russian, greeku, latin, german mariyu samskrutamto sahaa enimidi ververu bhashalanu neerchukunnaadu. eee vayassulo ayana pradhanamgaa russiaku velladam praarambhinchaaru, akkada ayana saamaajika vyavasthalu mariyu rajakeeyaala gurinchi neerchukunnaaru. 1922loe athanu nella siyapetti anae yuvatini vivaham chesukunnadu, vaariki ilario asagioli anae kumarudu unnadu. 1940loe, benito mussolini yokka faasist prabhutvam assagiolini arrestu chesi khaidu chesindi, "shanti kosam praardhinchadam mariyu itara antarjaateeya neeraalatoo paatu itarulanu thanatho cheramani aahvaaninchadam" anae aaropanalato."athanu vidudala cheyabadi thana kutumbaaniki tirigi vachhe varaku, regina koili jailulooni ontari gadilo 27 raatrulu unchabaddaadu. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo, italeelooni florenceloni athani kutumba polam naasanam cheyabadindi, mariyu athanu mariyu athani kutumbam iddaroo catania alps (arezo provincelo) mariyu eguva tieber loyalo daakkunnaaru. athani kumarudu 28 samvatsaraala vayassulo oopiritittula vyaadhitho maraninchaadu, idhi yuddha samayamlo kathinamaina jeevana paristhitula nundi teevramaina ottidiki guraindi. yuddham mugisina taruvaata, assagioli thana paniki tirigi vacchi, psychosynthesis anie piluvabade thana vaarasatvaanni praarambhinchaadu. yuddham taruvaata samvatsaraalu saapekshamgaa prasaantamgaa unnaayi, eee samayamlone athanu airopa mariyu uttara americalo manasika samshlaeshanhaku ankitamaina vividha punaadulanu sthaapinchaadu. asagioli santoshakaramaina nalabhai samvatsaraala vivaahamtho sudeerghamaina mariyu sampannamaina jeevitaanni gadipadu, athanu 1974 augustu 23naa 86 samvatsaraala vayasulo maraninchaadu. athani maranaaniki kaaranam teliyadu. asagioli thana vyaktigata jeevitam gurinchi charchinchadaaniki ishtapadaledu, endukante athanu thana shaastreeya krushiki gurthundipovadaaniki ishtapaddadu. assagioli jeevitam gurinchi chaalaa takkuva jeevita charitraatmaka kathanaalu andubaatulo unnaayi, mariyu chaalaa varaku aanglamlo laevu. vidya. asagioli 1910loe florenceloni istituto dii studdy superiori praatisi ii dii perphasionamentolo neurology mariyu psychiatrylo thana modati degreeni pondaadu. eee samayamlo, athanu manasika vislaeshanhanu vimarsinche kathanaalu rayadam praarambhinchaadu, tanaku marinta samagramaina vidhanam undani vaadinchaadu. italeelo thana chaduvunu puurti chesina taruvaata, assagioli switzerlandku vellaadu, akkada athanu jyoorichloni burgolzli manasika aasupatrilo manorogachikitsalo sikshana pondaadu. idhi athanu italeelo modati manasika vislaeshanhaatmaka abhyasanni praarambhinchadaaniki daariteesindi, dheenini istituto dii sikosintesi anie pilustaaru. ayithe, manasika vislaeshanhaloo ayana chesina krushi aayananu manorogachikitsa rangamlo asantruptigaa migilchindi; mottamgaa, manasika vislaeshanha asampuurnamgaa undani ayana bhaavinchaaru. manasika samslaeshanha. prerana mariyu abhivruddhi. manasika vislaeshanha nundi abhivruddhi chendina manastatvasaastraaniki aadhyaatmika mariyu samagra vidhanam ayina manasika samslaeshanha saastraanni abhivruddhi chesi sthaapinchadaaniki asagioli prasiddhi chendindi. anachiveyabadina manassu gurinchi frayid aalochana mariyu saamuuhika apasmaraka sthithi gurinchi jung siddhaantaala nundi athanu ekkuvagaa prerana pondaadu. manasika vislaeshanhaloo sikshana pondinappatikee, mottam meeda daani asampuurnatagaa bhaavinchina daanitoe santrupti chendani, prema, ghnaanam, srujanaatmakata mariyu sankalpam annee manasika vislaeshanhaloo cherchavalasina mukhyamaina bhagalu anie assagioli bhaavinchaadu. assagioli yokka manasika samslaeshanha yokka prarambha abhivruddhi 1911loe praarambhamaindi, athanu manastatvasaastramlo thana adhikaarika vidyanu praarambhinchaadu. athanu thana maranam varaku manasika samshlaeshanhapai thana panini konasaginchadu. frayid mariyu assagioli parasparam sambandham kaligi unnaarani telisindi, ayinappatikee vaaru eppuduu kalise avakaasam raaledu. assagioli matladutu, "manasika samslaeshanha anedi manasika vislaeshanhanu oohistundi, ledhaa, dheenini modati mariyu avasaramaina dasagaa kaligi untundi." ayithe, sigmund frayid roopondinchina siddhaantaalanu asagioli angeekarinchaledu, vaatini parimitam cheyaalani ayana bhaavinchaaru. frayid yokka taggimpu mariyu vyaktitvam yokka saanukuula koonaala nirlakshyamnu angeekarinchadaaniki athanu niraakarinchaadu. manasika vislaeshanha nundi putti vacchina modati vidhanam manasika samslaeshanha, indulo maanavula kalaatmaka, paropakaara mariyu veerochita saamarthyaalu kooda unnaayi. assagioli yokka pani manastatvavetta carle jangtho marinta samalekhanamlo undhi. assagioli mariyu jung rendoo maanava uniki yokka aadhyaatmika sthaayi yokka praamukhyatanu dhruvikarinchayi. aadhyaatmika gatiseelata dwara manasika lakshanaalu prerepinchabadatayani assagioli jangtho panchukunnaru. jung siddhaantaalu manasika samshlaeshanhapai thana avagahanaku daggaragaa unnayani asagioli bhaavinchaadu. 1940loe ekanta nirbandhamlo nela rojula paatu khaidu cheyabadatam dwara manasika samyogakriyaku thana prerananu assagioli gurtinchaadu. jailulo thana samayanni pratiroojuu dhyanam cheyadam dwara thana manasika sankalpaanni amalu cheyadaaniki upayoginchaadu. thana sikshanu thana antargata swabhaavaanni parisoedhimchae avakaasamgaa maarchagaligaanani ayana nirdhaarinchaaru. "psychology tude" interview. decemberu 1974 sanchikalo "psychology tude" loe, assagiolini saam intiet interview chesaaru, dheenilo assagioli friedian manasika vislaeshanha mariyu manasika samslaeshanha madhya thedaalanu charchinchaaruh aadhunika manasika chikitsakulandarilo carle jung, siddhaantaparamgaa mariyu aacharanalo manasika samshlaeshanhaku atyanta sannihitudu" anie asagioli paerkonnaadu, mariyu thana sonta mariyu jung abhipraayaala madhya saaruupyatalanu marinta vistarinchaaduh ayana jung yokka pani mariyu manasika samslaeshanha madhya thedaalanu kooda pramukhamgaa prastaavinchaaruh asagioli sankalpam gurinchi nokkichepparuh interview mugimpulo, aasaktigala vyakti eee vidhamgaa muginchaaduh aadhyaatmika pani. assagioli spruha mariyu vyaktula madhya pani rangamlo kooda aasakti mariyu churukuga undevaadu. daivasastram mariyu thoorpu tatvasaastraanni adhyayanam chesina ayana vraatapuurvaka rachanalu pratibimbimchae, grahanaseela mariyu srujanaatmaka dhyaanamtho sahaa vividha dhyana paddhatulanu abhivruddhi chesaayi. ayana "yugaateeta ghnaanam" anie piluvabade sampradaayamlo aneka aadhyaatmika samuuhaalaku kooda todpaddaaru."kotta yugam upadhyayuralu alis baelii aalochanala aadhaaramgaa dhyanam bodhinchadaaniki uddesinchina rendu samuuhaalanu ayana staapinchaaruh srujanaatmaka dhyanam kosam samuuham mariyu kotta yugam kosam dhyana samuuham. athanu assoteric studies kosam paatasaala saha vyavasthaapakudu, idhi adhunaatana sthaayilo alys baelii yokka panini bodhinchadaaniki uddesinchabadindi.

rabarto asagioli rabarto asagioli (27 faroori 1888-23 agast 1974) eek atalvi maahir nafsiyaat aur insani aur trans personnel nafsiyaat kay shoabon mein alambardar thay. asagioli nay nafsiyati tehreek kii bunyaad rakhee jasay saiko santhesas kahaa jaataa hay juu aaj bhee mualjin aur maahir nafsiyaat kay zariah tayaar kiyaa jaa rehaa hay juu inn kay tayaar kardah nafsiyati tareeqon aur taknikon parr amal piraa haine. inn kay kaam bashmol duu kitabein aur pumfilt kay toor parr shaye honay waalay behat say monograph nay shaqsiyat kay tarqi pasand inzamam (yauni tarkib) kay amkaan parr zoor diyaa. zindagi. asagioli 27 faroori 1888 kuu atlee kay shehar wens mein paida huay juu eek matusat tabqay yahudi piss manzar say thay. wah elena kolaa aur leone greco kay betay rabarto marco grego kay toor parr paida hoay. tahim iss kay hayatiyati waalid kaa inteqal iss waqat hawaa jabb sgioli duu saal kaa thaa aur iss kii waldah nay iss kay foraa baad alessandro eminoal sgioli say dobarah shaadi kii. asagioli kuu kumm umri mein hyee behat say takhliqi aaot leets say bay nqab kiyaa gayaa jeesay kahh aart aur mausiqi jinn kay baaray mein khayaal kiyaa jaataa thaa kahh inhon nay nafsiyati tarkib mein inn kay kaam kuu mutasir kiyaa thaa. 18 saal kii amar takk inhon nay aath mukhtalif zabanein seekhi thein jinn mein atalvi (apnee maadri zabaan)yee angrezi francisi rosee yunani laatini german aur sanskrit shaamil haine. asee amar mein inhon nay safar karnaa sharoo kiyaa khaas toor parr roos jehaan inhon nay samaji nazaam aur seyasat kay baaray mein seekha. 1922 mein iss nay neela seeyapeti naami eek naujawan aurat say shaadi kii aur inn kaa eek betaa hawaa alerio asagioli. 1940 mein asagioli kuu beneto masulini kii fashist hukumat nay giraftar kirr kay qaid kirr diyaa jiss parr alzaam lagaya gayaa thaa kahh "aman kay liye duaa karnaa aur deegar beenn alaqwami jaraim kay saath saath dosron kuu bhee iss kay saath shaamil honay kii daawat deena."asay 27 raaton takk regina coley jail mein eek tanha khaaney mein rakhaa gayaa yahaan takk kahh asay rehaa kirr kay apnay khaandaan kay paas waps kirr diyaa gayaa. dosri jung azeem kay doraan atlee kay fluorance mein inn kay khaandaan kaa faarm tabaah how gayaa aur wah aur inn kaa khaandaan donon catinia alpas (subah arezo mein) aur opri tyber veeli mein chhap gayey. inn kaa betaa 28 saal kii amar mein phephadon kii bemari say inteqal kirr gayaa juu jung kay doraan sakht halaat zindagi say shadeed tanao kaa shikaar thaa. jung khatam honay kay baad asagioli apnay kaam parr waps aagiya aur apnee miraas sharoo kii jasay saiko santhesas kahaa jaataa hay. jung kay baad kay saal nasbata perscon thay aur asee doraan inhon nay europ aur shamali america mein nafsiyati tarkib kay liye waqaf mukhtalif bunyadein qayem kein. asagioli nay eek khushgawar chalis saalah shaadi kay saath eek taweel aur khushhaal zindagi guzaari jabb takk kahh wah 23 agast 1974 kuu 86 saal kii amar mein inteqal naha kirr gayey. inn kii moth kii wajah malum nahein thee. asagioli apnee zaati zindagi parr baath karnaa pasand nahein kartay thay keunkah wah apnay sciency kaam kay liye yaad kiye jaanay kuu tarjih deetay thay. asagioli kii zindagi kay baaray mein behat kumm sawanhi bayanaat dastiyaab haine aur ziyadah tarr angrezi mein nahein haine. taleem. asagioli nay 1910 mein fluorance mein steatoto dee study sperary ayee dee perfezionamento mein neurology aur nafsiyati amraz mein apnee pehli digri haasil kii. iss doraan inhon nay nafsiyati tajziya parr tanqeed karnay waalay mazamin likhna sharoo kiyay yaha dalil deetay hoay kahh inn kaa eek ziyadah jaamaa naqtah nazar hay. atlee mein apnee taleem makmal karnay kay baad asagioli sweatzerland chalay gayey jehaan inhein zewarkh kay nafsiyati hospital bergholzly mein nafsiyati amraz kii tarbiyat dee gayee. iss kii wajah say inhon nay atlee mein pehli nafsiyati mashq sharoo kii jasay steato ddee cycocenticy kay naam say jaana jaataa hay. tahim nafsiyati tajziya mein inn kay kaam nay inhein nafsiyati amraz kay shobay say ghair mutmain kirr diyaa vovo majmuyi toor parr inhon nay mahsus kiyaa kahh nafsiyati tajziya namukamil hay. nafsiyati tarkib. tehreek aur tarqi. asagioli nafsiyaat kii science kuu tayaar karnay aur iss kii bunyaad rakhnay kay liye mashhur hay juu nafsiyaat kay liye eek rohani aur jaamaa naqtah nazar hay juu nafsiyati tajziya say tayaar hawaa thaa. wah bury hadd takk fried kay dabay hoay dimagh kay khayaal aur jung kay ijtemayi bay hosh kay nazaryaat say mutasir thay. nafsiyati tajziya mein tarbiyat yaaftah leakin iss say mutmain nahein jasay wah majmuyi toor parr iss kii namukamliyat samajhte haine asajioli nay mahsus kiyaa kahh mahbat hakmat takhliqi salahiyaton aur tamaam aham ajzaa haine jinhein nafsiyati tajziya mein shaamil kiyaa jaana chahiye. asagioli kii nafsiyati tarkib kii ibtadayi tarqi 1911 mein sharoo hoyee jabb iss nay nafsiyaat mein apnee rasmi taleem kaa aaghaz kiyaa. inhon nay apnee moth takk nafsiyati tarkib parr apnaa kaam jaari rakhaa. fried aur asajioli kay darmiyan khath woo kitaabat kay baaray mein jaana jaataa thaa halankah inhein kabhi milnay kaa moqaa nahein milaa. asagioli nay kahaa "nafsiyati tarkib nafsiyati tajziya kaa paish goyee karti hay yaa iss kay bajaye asay pehley aur zaruri marhalay kay toor parr shaamil karti hay." tahim asagioli segmond fried kay wazaa kardah nazaryaat say mutafiq nahein thay jinhein wah mahdud karnay parr ghoor kartay thay. iss nay fried kii takhfif pasandi aur shaqsiyat kii masbat jehaton kuu nazar andaaz karnay kuu qabool karnay say ankaar kirr diyaa. nafsiyati tarkib nafsiyati tajziya say paida honay waala pehla naqtah nazar bunn gayaa jiss mein ansaan kii fankarana prantazam aur bahadari kii salahiyatein bhee shaamil thein. asagioli kaa kaam maahir nafsiyaat carle jung kay saath ziyadah mutabiqat rakhta thaa. asagioli aur jung donon nay insani wajood kii rohani satah kii ahmiyat kii tausiq kii. asagioli nay jung kay saath iss basirat kaa ashtaraak kiyaa kahh nafsiyati elamaat rohani harkiyaat say paida how sakti haine. asagioli nay jung kay nazaryaat kuu nafsiyati tarkib kii apnee tafheem kay qareeb tareen samjha. asagioli nay 1940 mein tanhayi mein eek maah takk qaid rehney kay liye nafsiyati tarkib kay liye apnay ziyadah tarr alhaam kuu tasleem kiyaa. inhon nay jail mein apnaa waqat rozanah maraqabah karkay apnee zahni khwahish kaa istemaal karnay kay liye istemaal kiyaa. iss nay yaha natijah akhz kiyaa kahh wah apnee sazaa kuu apnay androni nafs kii tehqiqat karnay kay moqaa mein tabdil karnay mein kamiyab rehaa. "aaj kii nafsiyaat" intervieve. aaj kii nafsiyaat" kay dasambar 1974 kay shumaray mein asagioli kaa intervieve seem inty nay kiyaa thaa jiss mein asagioli nay frydeen saiko analysis aur saiko santhesas kay darmiyan farq parr tabadlah khayaal kiyaa: asagioli nay nott kiyaa kahh carle jung "tamaam jadeed maahir nafsiyaat mein nazariyah aur amal mein nafsiyati tarkib kay qareeb tareen hay"yee aur apnay aur jung kay khayalat kay darmiyan mumasilaton parr mazeed tausia kii: inhon nay jung kay kaam aur nafsiyati tarkib kay darmiyan farq kuu bhee ajagar kiyaa: asagioli nay marzi kay baaray mein zoor diyaa: intervieve kay ikhtatam parr khood shoqeen nay natijah akhz kiyaa: rohani kaam. asagioli shaoor aur trans personnel kaam kay medaan mein bhee dilchaspi aur srgarm thaa. theosophy aur mashriqi falsafe kaa mutalah karnay kay baad inn kay tehriri kaam nay maraqabah kii mukhtalif taknikein tayaar kein jinn mein akaasi adraaki aur takhliqi maraqabah shaamil haine. inhon nay rawayat mein kayee rohani grohon mein bhee taawan kiyaa jasay "amar say baahir kii hakmat" kahaa jaataa hay."inhon nay duu grop qayem kiye jinn kaa maqsad nayey door kii astaad ails baili kay khayalat kii bunyaad parr maraqabah sikhana thaa: takhliqi maraqabah kay liye grop aur nayey door kay liye maraqabah grop. wah assoteric studies kay school kay shareek baanee bhee thay jiss kaa maqsad aalee darjay kii satah parr ails baili kay kaam kuu padhanay kaa thaa.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68991409

Anthony Descotte

Anthony Descotte Belgian footballer Anthony Kevin Descotte (born 3 August 2003) is a Belgian football player. He plays for Eredivisie club Utrecht on loan from Charleroi. Club career. He made his Belgian First Division A debut for Charleroi on 17 April 2021 in a game against Eupen. On 31 January 2023, Descotte was loaned by Utrecht in the Netherlands until the end of the 2022–23 season, with an option to extend the loan for the 2023–24 season. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

enthoni desk 'tot enthoni kebhin desk 'tey (jonmo 3 aagosto 2003) hoise beljiyamor ejon football kheluwoi. teu charleroyor poraa rino loi aradivicy club utractor hoi khele. clubber keriyar. teu 2021 sonor 17 aprilot eupenor biruddhe ekhon khelot charleroyor hoi beljian prothom bibhagor baabe aatmoprokax korisil. 2023 sonor 31 januaryt, descotok 2022-23 sijonor xexoloike netherlandor utracte rino disil, zo 'too 2023-24 sijonor baabe rino briddhi korar bikolpo aasil.

anthony descoat anthony kevin descoat (jonmo 3 august 2003) ekjon belgian football kheload. tini charleroyer kachh theke dhaar niye eridivisi club utrecter hoye khelen. club carrier. tini 17 april 2021-ayee eupener bipokkhe ekti khelay charleroyer hoye taar belgian prothom bibhage atmoprokash corren. 2023 saaler 31shhey januari, descoteke netherlandsey utrecht dwara 2022-23 morsumer shesh porjonto rino deoa hoyechilo, jekhane 2023-24 morshumer jonno rino badanor bikalpa chhilo.

anthony descoat anthony cavin descoat (janm 3 august 2003) belgian football khelaadi chhe. teey charleroi pasethi loona parr aeredivicy club utract maate ramey chhe. club karkirdi. tene 17 april april roj yupen saameni ramatmaa charleroi maate tenaa belgian pratham vibhagma padaarpan karyoo hatoo. 31 january january roj, descotne netherlandma utract dwara 2022-23 seasonna anta sudhee loona aapvama aavee hatee, jemaa 2023-24 season maate loona lambaavvaano vikalp hato.

anthany descoat anthany cavin descoat (janm 3 agast 2003) ack belgium football khilaadi hain. vaha charleroy seey rinn parr eridivici club utract key liye khelate hain. club carrier. unhone 17 aprail 2021 koo upen key khilaf ack khel mein charleroy key liye apana belgium pratham shreni kaa padaarpan kiya. 31 janwari 2023 koo, descoat koo neetherland mein utretch dwara 2022-23 season key anta taka udhaar diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen 2023-24 season key liye rinn badhaane kaa vikalp thaa.

anthony descoat anthony kevin deskotte (janana 3 august 2003) belgiumna football aatagaarti. aata charleroi avarinda saala padedu eredivc club utrect para aaduttaane. club vrattijeevana. aata 2021rahra april 17randu yupen viruddhada pandyadalli charleroy para belgiumna prathama vibhagakke paadaarpane maadidaru. 31 janavari 2023 randu, deskottege netherlandsnalli utrektninda 2022-23 rtuvina antyadavarege saala nidalaayitu, 2023-24 rtuvige saalavannu vistarisuva aaykeyondige.

aanthani descott beljian football kalikkaranaanu aanthani kevin descott (jananam august 3,2003). charleroyil ninnu vaaypayeduthu eredivisi club utrechinu vendiyaanu addeham kalikkunnathu. club currier. 2021 epril 17 nuu yooppanethiraaya malsarathil charleroicayi addeham thante beljian phastt divisionil arangettam kurichu. 2023 januvari 31 nuu, descott netherlandsile utrekt vaaypayeduthu 2022-23 seasoninte avasaanam vare, 2023-24 seasonil vaaypa neettaanulla oopshanumaayi.

anthany descoat anthony kevin descoat (janm 3 august 2003) haah belgiumcha football kheladu aahe. too charleroikadun karj gheuun eridivisi club utrectsathi khelato. club karkird. tyane 17 april 2021 roji yupenviruddhachya samnyat charleroysathi belgian pratham vibhagat padarpan kele. 31 janewari 2023 roji, descotla netherlandsmadhil utrectne 2022-23 hangamachya shevataparyant karj dile hote, jyamadhye 2023-24 hangamasathi karj vadhavanyacha paryay hota.

anthony descoat anthony kebhin descoat (janma 3 august 2003) belgiumka football kheladi hun. uni charleroibata rinama eribhiji club utrectka lagi khelchhan. club currier. unle 17 april 2021 maa yupena wiruddhako khelma charleroika lagi afno belgium pahilo divisionko suruwat gare. 31 janawari 2023 maa, deskotlai netherlandsma utractdwara 2022-23 sijanko antyasamma rina diieko thiyo, 2023-24 sijanka lagi rina wistar garne wikalpako sath.

anthony deskote anthony kebhin deskote (janma 3 august 2003) jane belgian football khelali. shay charleroinka thaaru runa nei eridibhisi club utrechta paain khelanti . club kyariyara. shay 17 april 2021 ray yupen bipakhya eka myachare charleroinka paain taanka belgian pratham divijana debyu karithile. 31 januari 2023 ray, descoat nedaralyandare utrechta dwara 2022-23 sijin shesh parjyanta runa diajaithila, jeunthire 2023-24 sijan paain runa brudhi karibara bikalpa thila.

anthony descote anthony kevin descoat (janam 3 agast 2003) ikk belgian football khidari haii. uh charlaroi toon karze utte éredivisie club utract laee khedada haii. club carrier. uss neey 17 aprail 2021 noon yoopan dey virudh ikk khed witch charlaroi laee aapni belgian pahili division dee shuruat keeti. 31 janwari 2023 noon, descote noon needarlands witch utract duaara 2022-23 season dey ant takk udhaar ditta giaa see, jiss witch 2023-24 season laee loane vadhaun daa wicklup see.

enthonee deskote enthonee kevin deskote (janma 3 august 2003) ekaha belgian-football-kreedakah asti. saha chaarleroy ityatah runam aapnot, eridivicy club-utrecht-krute kreeditavaan. club-vruttihi. saha 2021 april 17 dinaanke yupenaviruddhe kridaayaam chaarleroy ityasya krute belgian-prathamavibhaagasya padaarpanam krutavaan. 31 janavaree 2023 dinaanke, deskote iteedam netherlands-deshe utrecht ityanena 2022-23 ityasya rutoho antaparyantam runam dattam, yat 2023-24 ityasya rutoho runam vistaarayitum vikalpah aasit.

anthoni descott anthoni kevin descotte (prappu august 3,2003) oru beljiya kaalpandhu veerar aavaar. avar chaarleraayidamirunthu cuddon pettru eredivisi kilap udrect anikkaaga vilaiyaadugiraar. kilap vaazhkkai. avar thanathu beljiya muthal privai 2021 aepral 17 andru yoopanukku ethiraana poattiyil chaarleraaikkaaga arimugamaanaar. janavari 31,2023 andru, descotte netherlaandhil ulla udrech niruvanatthaal 2022-23 paruvaththin iruthi varai cuddon vazhangkappattathu, 2023-24 paruvaththirkaana kadanai neettikkum viruppaththudan.

anthony descoat anthony kevin deskotte (jananam 3 augustu 2003) oka belgium football kreedaakaarini. athanu charleroy nundi runam meeda eredivisi club utrect kosam aadataadu. club kereer. athanu 2021 april 17naa yupenku vyatiraekamgaa jarigina aatalo charleroy tarafuna thana belgian fust divisionlo arangetram chesaadu. 31 janavari 2023naa, deskottenu netherlandsloni utrect dwara 2022-23 season mugise varaku, 2023-24 season kosam runaanni podiginche empikatho runam ivvabadindi.

anthoni descoat anthoni cune descoat (paidaish 3 agast 2003) belgium kii eek fitt baal khilaadi hay. wah charleroi say qarz parr airdiosi kalb atrich kay liye kheelta hay. kalb carrier. inhon nay 17 apreel 2021 kuu yupeen kay khalaaf eek kheel mein charleroi kay liye apnaa belgium frust devision kaa aaghaz kiyaa. 31 januri 2023 cow descoat kuu netherlands mein utrecht nay 2022-23 seezan kay ikhtatam takk qarz diyaa thaa jiss mein 2023-24 seezan kay liye qarz mein tausia karnay kaa option thaa.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24391833

Chandragomin

Chandragomin Chandragomin (Skt. Candragomin) was an Indian Buddhist lay scholar and poet from the Varendra region of Eastern Bengal. The Tibetan tradition believes challenged Chandrakirti. According to the Nepalese tradition, Chandragomin's student was Ratnakīrti. Chandragomin was a teacher at Nalanda Monastic University during the 5th century. It is unclear when Chandragomin lived, with estimates ranging between 5th to 6th-century CE, but his position at Nalanda signifies he lived during the 5th century. In the Buddhist records, Chandragomin is described as the one who debated Candrakīrti (Devanagari: चन्द्रकीर्ति, Tib. "Dawa Drakpa") the Arya Tripitaka Master Shramana who was the Khenpo at Nalanda Mahāvihāra Monastery. Their debate was said to have continued for many years. Chandragomin held the Chittamatra (consciousness-only or Yogachara) view, and Chandrakirti gave his interpretation of Nāgārjuna's view, eventually creating a new school of Madhyamaka known as Prasangika. This Nalanda tradition school is known as or rendered in English as the "Consequentialist" or "Dialecticist" school. According to Thrangu Rinpoche, Chandragomin was slow in the debate but always had the right answers because each time a question was posed by Chandrakirti, Chandragomin would insist on giving the answer the next day after praying to Avalokiteshvara who would tell him the right answer. The description of Nalanda Monastery's seven-year debate between Candrakīrti and Candragomin should be Tāranātha's biggest academic mistake in his life. It is believed that with his erudition, he should have read the Commentary on "Mañjuśrī-Nāma-Saṃgīti" of Candragomin for sure. In the 135th verse of the commentary, it is an analysis of the Mādhyamaka and Yogācāra of the Mahāyāna schools. It should not be difficult for Tāranātha to conclude that Candragomin is a Mādhyamika according to Candragomin's commentary on the 135th verse of "Mañjuśrī-Nāma-Saṃgīti". The seven-year debate between Candragomin and Candrakīrti is not a debate between Mādhyamaka and Yogācāra school, but a debate on the nuanced differences of view of the Mādhyamaka school. Quote. <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" /><poem> Peerless king of physicians, guru of the world, Totally faultless one, source of virtuous qualities, Having visualised you, 0 refuge, I, always ill, Shall confess, describing my changes of fault. With whatever high mind is appropriate, Abiding in whatever calm state is appropriate, Who pacifies all the faults in all the modes, Whatever the Lord may be, that I salute. </poem> Praise in Confession (http://www.bodhicitta.net/Chandragomin%27s%20Praises.htm ) References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

chandragomin chandragomin (ess. key. ti.). kendragomin) pubo bongor borendro oncholor ejon bharotiyo boudho xadharon pondito aaru kobi aasil. tibbotiyo poromporai biswax kore je sondrokirtiye proityahbanor xonmukhin hoisil. nepali porompora onuxori, sondroguminor saatro aasil rotnokirti. chandragomin ponchom xotikat nalanda moth biswobidyaloyor egoraki xikhyok aasil. chandragomin ketiya baax korisil xeya sposto nohoy, anumanik 5morr poraa 6stho xotikar bhitorot, kintu nalandat teur owosthanor ortho hoise teu 5moo xotikat baax korisil. boudho recordot sondroguminok sondrokirti (debnogorih sondrokirti, tibo) xomporke bitorko koraa byokti hisape bornona koraa hoise. "daawa drokpa") aarzo tripitok guru sromon ji nolonda mohabihar mothor khempu aasil. teulukor bitorko bohu bosor dhori soli aasil buli kuwa hoisil. sondrogumine sittomotro (kewol setona baa jugsar) dristibhongi rakhisil, aaru sondrokirtiye nagorjunor dristibhongir bixoye teur byakhya disil, owoxexot proxongika naamere jonajat modhyomokor ek notun bidyaloy sristi korisil. ei nalonda poromporagot bidyaloituk ingrajit "porinambadi" baa "upobhaxabid" bidyaloy buli jonaa yaay baa onubad koraa hoy. thrangu rinpucher mote, chandragomin bitorkot monthor aasil kintu xoday xothik uttor aasil kaaron protibar sondrokirtiye etaa prosno utthapon korar loge loge sondrogumine teuk xothik uttortu kuwa obolukitesworok prarthona korar pisot pisdina uttortu diboloi jure disil. sondrokirti aaru kandoraguminor maajot nolanda mothor xaat bosoriya bitorkor bornona teur jiwanor ataitkoi dangor xoikhyik bhul hoh 'bob laage. eitu biswax koraa hoy je teur pandityor xoite teu nischitbhabe candragominor "manjushree-naam-xomiti" ror uporot montobyotu porha usit aasil. bhaisyor 135tomo slukot, ee mohajan bidyaloixomuhor modhyomaka aaru jugasaror ek bislexon. manjushree-naam-xongiti" ror 135tomo slokor uporot kandoraguminor bhaisyo onuxori toranothor baabe ei xiddhantot uponeet huwatu kothin hoh 'bob nalage je kandoragumin hoise ek modhyomika. kandoragumin aaru sondrokirtir maajot xaat bosoriya bitorkotu modhyomaka aaru jugasar bidyaloyor maajot huwa bitorko nohoy, boroncho modhyomaka bidyaloyor dristibhongir xukhmo parthokyor uporot huwa bitorko. uddhriti. swikaruktito proxongxa (HTTP:// Www.budhixotwo.nett/chandragomin% 27s% 20 proxongxa kore.eis. ti. em.)

chandragomin chandragomin (esha. keey. tii. candragomine) chhilen purbobonger barendra anchaler ekjon bharatiya bouddho sadharan pondito ebong cobby. tibboter oitijhyo biswas korey jey chandrakirti challenge koraa hoyeche. nepali oitijhyo onusare, chandragominer chhatro chhilen ratnakirti. chandragomin 5maum shotabdite nalanda moth bishwobidyaloyer ekjon shikkhok chhilen. chandragomin kakhan baas korten taa sposhto noy, anumanikbhabe 5maum theke 6stho shatabdir modhye, tobey nalanda taanr abosthan ingito korey jey tini 5maum shotabdite baas korten. bouddho nothite, chandragominke seii byakti hisabe bornona koraa hoyeche jini chandrakirti niye bitorko korechilen. "daoa drakpa") arjo tripitok guru shraman jini chhilen nalanda mahabihar mother khenpo. taader bitorko bohu bochor dhorey abyahoto chhilo boley jaanaa geche. chandragomin chittamatro (shudhumatra chetna baa jogachar) drishtibhongi dharon korechilen ebong chandrakirti nagarjun drishtibhongir byakhya diyechilen, abosheshe prasangika naame porichito modhyomoker ekti notun dhara toiri korechilen. eyi nalanda oitijhyo vidyalayati ingrezite "falaswarup" baa "dwandikotabadi" vidyalaya hisabe porichito baa anubad koraa hoy. tringu rinpocher motey, chandragomin bitorke dheer chhilen kintu sabsamoy sothik uttor diten kaaron protibar jokhoni chandrakirti konao proshno korten, chandragomin porer deane abalokiteshwar kachhe prarthona korar porey uttor deoar jonno jore diten jini taake sothik uttor bolten. chandrakirti oo chandragominer modhye nalanda mother shaat bochorer bitorker bornona taranathar jeeboner sabcheye borh academic bhul haoya uchito. biswas koraa hoy jey, taanr pandityer sange, taanr aboshyoi candragominer "manjushree-naam-sangati"-rawr bhashyo padaa uchito chhilo. bhashyer 135tomo ayate, etty mahajan dharar modhyomaka oo jogacharer ekti bishleshan. manjushree-naam-sangati"-rawr 135tomo ayate chandragominer bhashyo onusare chandragomi ekti modhyomika eyi uposonghare assa taranather pokkhe kathin haoya uchito noy. chandragomin ebong chandrakirtir modhye shaat bochorer bitorkoti madhyomok ebong jogachar motobader modhye bitorko noy, borong madhyomok motobader sukkho parthokyo niye bitorko. uddhriti. swikaroktite proshongsha (HTTP:// Www.bodhisotto.nett/chandragomin% 27s% 20 proshongsha korey.eich. tii. emm)

chandragomin chandragomin (aesa. keey. tii.) candragomine) purv bangaalnaa varendra pradeshnaa bhaartiy bauddh saamanya vidhvaan aneey kavee hataa. tibetian parampara maane chhe keey chandrakirtine padkarvama aavyo hato. nepali parampara anusaar, chandragominno vidhyarthi ratnakeerti hato. chandragomin 5mee sadee darmiyan nalanda mathh universityma shikshak hataa. chandragomin ee. saes. 5meethee 6 ththee sadeena andajo saathe kyaare jeevya hataa teey aspasht chhe, parantu nalanda khaate temnee sthitee soochave chhe keey teo 5mee sadee darmiyan jeevya hataa. bauddh dastavejoma, chandragominne chandrakirti (devnagarih chandarkiri, tib) parr charcha karnaar tareeke varnavama aavyaa chhe. "daava drakpa") aary tripitak guru shraman jeey naland mahavihar mathamaa khenpo hataa. temnee charcha ghanaa varsho sudhee chaalu rahee hovaanu kahevaay chhe. chandragomine chittamatra (maatra chetnaa athavaa yogachar) noow drashtikon raakhyo hato, aneey chandrakirti nagarjunna drashtikonnu potaanu arthghatan karyoo hatoo, aakhare prasangika tareeke odakhaati madhyamakni navee shaala banaavi hatee. aaa nalanda parampara shaala angrejeemaa "parinami" athavaa "dialectist" shaala tareeke odakhaay chhe athavaa prastut thaay chhe. thrangu rinpochena janaavya anusaar, chandragomin charchaama dheemo hato parantu hammesha saacho javaab aapto hato kaaran keey jyaare pann chandrakirti dwara koee prashna puchhvama aavto hato, tyaare chandragomin avalokiteshwarne praathnaa karyaa pachhi beeja divase javaab aapvaano aagrah raakhto hato, jeey tene saacho javaab janaavto. chandrakirti aneey chandragomin vachcheni nalanda mathnee saat varshnee charchaanu varnan aee taaraanathni temnaa jeevanni sauthee motee shaikshanik bhool hovi joiae. aevu manvama aave chhe keey temnee vidhvataa saathe, temane nishchitpane 'manjushree-naam-sangeeti' parnee tippani chokkaspane vaanchvi joiti hatee. bhashyana 135maa shlokma, teey mahayan shaalaona maadhyamak aneey yogacharnu vishleshan chhe. manjushree-naam-sangeeti" naa 135maa schlock parnee chandragominni tippani anusaar taranath maate aee nishkarsh kaadhavo mushkel naa hovo joiae keey chandragomin aee madhyameeka chhe. chandragomin aneey chandrakirti vachcheni saat varshnee charcha aee maadhyamak aneey yogachar shaala vachcheni charcha nathee, parantu maadhyamak shaalaana drashtikonnaa sookshm tafavto parnee charcha chhe. avtaran. kabulaatmaa prashansa (HTTP:// Ww.bodhisatva.chokhkhu/chandragomin% 27s% 20 vakhaan karey chhe.aech. tii. aema.)

chandragomin chandragomin (aiss. key. tii.). candragomine) purvi bangal key varendra kshetra key ack bhaaratiya bauddh samanya vidwan aur kavi they. tibbati parampara kaa maanana haye kii chandrakirti koo chunauti dee gaee haye. nepali parampara key anusaar, chandragomin kaa chhaatr ratnakirti thaa. chandragomin 5veen shatabdi key dauran nalanda mathh vishvavidyalaya mein ack shikshak they. yeh spasht naheen haye kii chandragomin kaba rahata thaa, anumaanon key anusaar 5veen seey 6veen shatabdi esvi key beach, lekin nalanda mein unaki sthiti kaa sanket haye kii vaha 5veen shatabdi key dauran rahata thaa. bauddh abhilekhon mein, chandragomin koo usa vyakti key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye jisane chandrakirti (devanaagarih chandarki, tib) parr bahas kii thee. "daavaa drakpa") aarya tripitak guru shraman joe nalanda mahavihar mathh mein khenpo they. kahaa jaataa haye kii unaki bahas kaee varshon taka jaari rahee. chandragomin ney chittamatra (kewal chetna yaa yogchar) drishtikon rakhaa, aur chandrakirti ney nagarjun key drishtikon kii apani vyakhya dee, antatah gadyamaak key roop mein jaane jaane vaale madhyamak kaa ack nayaa school banaaya. iss nalanda parampara school koo angreji mein "parinami" yaa "boliwadi" school key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye yaa prastut kiya jaataa haye. thrangu rinpoche key anusaar, chandragomin bahas mein dheema thaa, lekin hamesha usake paas sahee jawab hotey they kyonki harr baar jaba chandrakirti dwara ack sawal poochha jaataa thaa, tou chandragomin agale dinn avalokiteshwar seey prarthana karane key baad jawab dene parr jore detaa thaa joe usey sahee jawab dega. chandrakirti aur candragomine key beach nalanda mathh kii saat saal kii bahas kaa varnan taranath kii unake jeevan mein sabse badee shaikshanik galati honey chaahiye. aisaa maanaa jaataa haye kii apani vidvata key saath, unhein nishchit roop seey 'manjushree-naam-sangeeti' parr tippani padhana chaahiye thaa. tippani key 135vein schlock mein, yeh mahayan vidyaalayon key maadhyamak aur yogachar kaa vishleshan haye. manjushree-naam-sangeeti" key 135vein schlock parr candragomine kii tippani key anusaar taranath key liye yeh nishkarsh nikaalana mushkil naheen honah chaahiye kii candragomine ack maadhyamik haye. candragomine aur chandrakirti key beach saat saal kii bahas maadhyamak aur yogachar school key beach kii bahas naheen haye, balki maadhyamak school key drishtikon key sookshm antar parr bahas haye. uddharan. sweekaarokti mein prashansa (HTTP:// Ww.bodhisatva.shuddh/chandragomin% 27s% 20 prashansa kartaa haye.aich. tii. aim.)

chandragomin chandragomin (ess. keey. tii. candragomine) purva bangaalada varendra pradeshada bhaaratiya bouddha saamaanya vidvaamsa mattu kaviyagiddaru. tbtian sampradaayavu chandrakirtige savaalu haakide endu nambuttade. nepalada sampradaayada prakara, chandragomin sisyanu ratnakirti aagiddanu. chandragomin 5neey shatamaanadalli nalanda sanyasi vishvavidyaalayadalli shikshakaraagiddaru. chandragomin saa. shaa. 5rinda 6neey shatamaanada naduve yavaga badukiddanembudu spashtavagilla, aadare nalandaadalli aatana sthaanavu aata 5neey shatamaanadalli badukiddanembudannu soochisuttade. bouddha daakhalegalalli, chandragomin annu chandrakirti (devanagarih chandrakirti, tib) bagge charchisida vyakti endu vivarisalaagide. "daavaa drakpa") nalanda mahavihara mathadalli khenpo aagidda arya tripitaka guru shramana. avara charcheyu halavu varshagala kaala munduvariyitu endu helalaaguttade. chandragomin chittamatra (pragne maatra athawa yogachara) drashtikonavannu hondiddaru, mattu chandrakirti nagarjunana drashtikonada bagge tanna vyaakhyaanavannu niididaru, antimavagi prasadika endu kareyalpaduva madhyamakana hosa panthavannu rachisidaru. ee nalanda sampradaaya shaaleyannu inglishnalli "parinamakari" athawa "dwandwawaadi" shaale endu kareyalaaguttade athawa anuvaadisalaaguttade. chandragomin charcheyalli nidhaanagatiyalliddaru, aadare yavagalu sariyaada uttaragalannu hondiddaru, ekendare chandrakirti kelidagalella, chandragomin marudina avalokiteshwaranannu praarthisida nantara uttaravannu needalu ottayisuttiddaru, avaru avanige sariyaada uttaravannu heluttiddaru. chandrakirti mattu chandragomin naduvina nalanda mathavu elu varshagala kaala nadesida charcheya vivaraneyu taranathan jeevanada atidodda shaikshanika tappagirabeku. tanna pandityadinda, aatanu "manjushree-naama-sangati" yaya kuritaada varnanegalannu khanditavaagiyoo odabekittu endu nambalaagide. vyaakhyaanada 135neey shlokadalli, idu mahayana panthagala madhyama mattu yogacharada vishleshaneyaagide. manjushree-naama-sangati" yaya 135neey padyada melina chandragomin vyaakhyaanada prakara chandragomin ondu madhyamika endu tirmaanisuvudu taaranakke kashtavaagabaaradu. candragomine mattu chandrakirti naduvina elu varshagala charcheyu madhyama mattu yogachara panthada naduvina charcheyalla, aadare madhyama panthada sukshma vyatyaasagala bagegina charcheyagide. ullekha. tappoppigeyalli prashamse (HTTP:// Ww.bodhisatva.nivvala/chandragomin% 27s% 20 prashamsegalu.etch. tii. emm)

chandragomin chandragomin (ezz. keey. tii. kizhakkan bangaalile varendra mekhalayil ninnulla oru indian budhamatha pandithanum kaviyumaayirunnu candragomin). chandrakeerthiye velluvilichathayi tibattan paarambaryam vishwasikkunnu. neppaal paarambaryamanusarichu chandragominte vidyaarthi rathnakeerthiyaayirunnu. anchaam noottaandil nalanda monastik sarvakalaashaalayile adthyaapakanaayirunnu chandragomin. anchaam noottaand muthal aaram noottaand vare kanakkaakkappedunna chandragomin eppozhaanu jeevichathennu vyakthamalla, ennaal nalandayile addehathinte sthaanam soochippikkunnathu addeham anchaam noottaandilaanu jeevichirunnathu ennaanu. budhamatha rekhakalil chandrakeerthi (devanagari chandrakeerthi, tib) charcha cheythayalaayi chandragomin visheshippikkappedunnu. "daava drakpa") nalanda mahavihara aashramathile khenpo ayirunna aarya tripidaka guru shramanan. avarude charcha varshangalolam thudarnnathaayi parayappedunnu. chandragomin chittaamaathra (bodham mathramulla allengil yogachara) veekshanam nilanirtthi, chandrakeerthi naagaarjunante kazhchappadinekkurichu thante vyaakhyaanam nalki, oduvil prasaamgika ennariyappedunna oru puthiya maadyama vidyaalayam srishtichu. eee nalanda paarambarya vidyaalayam engleeshil "anantharafalavaada" allengil "bhaashaashaastra" vidyaalayam ennariyappedunnu. chandrakomin thante samvaadathil mandagathiyilaayirunnuvenku ellaayppozhum sariyaaya utharangal undaayirunnu, kaaranam chandrakeerthi oro thavana oru chodyam chodikkumbozhum, sariyaaya utharam parayumvidham avalokitheshwarinodu praarthichathinu sesham adutha divasam utharam nalkaan chandrakomin nirbandhikkumaayirunnu. chandrakeerthy chandragomin thammilulla nalanda aashramathinte ezhu varshathe samvaadathinte vivaranam thaaranaathante jeevithathile ettavum valia academica thettayirikkanam. thante paandithyatthode addeham candragominte "manjushree-naama-sangathi" yekkurichulla vyaakhyaanam theerchayaayum vaayikkendathaayirunnave vishwasikkappedunnu. vyaakhyaanathinte 135-aamm vaakyathil, ithu mahayana skoolukalile maadyamaka, yogachara ennivayude vishakalanamaan. manjushree-naama-sangathi" yude 135-aamath vakyathekkurichulla candragominte vyaakhyaanam anusarichu candragomin oru maadhyamamaanennu nigamanam cheiyunnathu thaaraanathinu budhimuttaayirikkaruthu. candragomin chandrakeerthy thammilulla ezhu varshathe samvaadam madhyamakanum yogachara vidyaalayavum thammilulla samvaadamalla, marichu maadyamaka sanbradaayathinte sookshumamaaya kaazhchappaadukalekkurichu oru samvaadamaanu. udharani. kuttasammatham (HTTP:// Www.bodhisathwan.nettu/chandragomin% 27s% 20 abhinandikkunnu.echu. tii. emm)

chandragomin chandragomin (ess. keey. tii.) candragomine) heey purv bangalchya varendra pradeshatil eka bharatiy bauddha samanya vidwan aanee kavee hote. tibetchya paramparenusar chandrakirtila aavhan dile jaate. nepali paramparenusar, chandragominacha vidyarthi ratnakirti hota. chandragomin heey 5vya shatkat nalanda math vidyapithat shikshak hote. chandragomin ii. sha. 5vya teey 6vya shatkachya darmyan kadhee jagala heey aspasht aahe, parantu nalanda yetheel tyache sthan heey soochit karate qee too 5vya shatkat jagala hota. bauddha nondinmadhye, chandragominache varnan chandrakirtivar (devanagari, chandrakirti, tib) vaad ghalanara mhanoon kele aahe. "dawa drakpa") aary tripitak guru shraman, joou naland mahavihar mathatil khenpo hota. tyanchi charcha anek varshe suru hotee asey mhatale jaate. chandragominne chittamatra (keval chetana kinwa yogachar) drushtikon dharan keela aanee chandrakirtine nagarjunchya drushtikonacha arth lavala, akheris prasangika mhanoon olakhali jaanari madhyamakchi eka naveen shaala tayar kelee. yaa nalanda paramparechya shalela ingerjit 'parinamvadi' kinwa 'dialectist' shaala mhanoon olakhale jaate kinwa anuvadit kele jaate. thrangu rinpoche yanchya matey, chandragomin vadavivadat santh hota, parantu tyachyakade nehmich yogya uttare hotee kaaran pratyek velee chandrakirtine prashna vicharla tevha chandragomin dusya divashi avalokiteshwarakade prathna kelyanantar uttar denyacha aagrah dharayacha, joou tyala yogya uttar deil. chandrakirti aanee chandragomin yanchyatil nalanda mathachya saat varshanchya vadavivadache varnan hii taranathachi tyachya aayushyatil sarvat mothee shaikshanik chook asavi. asey manale jaate qee tyachya pandityamule tyane 'manjushree-naam-sanhita' vareel bhashya nishchitpane vachayala havey hote. bhashyatil 135 vya shlokat, teey mahayan shalanchya madhyamak aanee yogacharanche vishleshan aahe. manjushree-naam-sanhita' chya 135 vya shlokavaril 'candragomine' chya bhashyanusar 'candragomine' haah eka madhyamika aahe assa nishkarsh kadhane taranthala katheen nasave. chandragomin aanee chandrakirti yanchyatil saat varshancha vaad haah madhyamak aanee yogachar panthatil vaad nahee, tarr madhyamak panthatil sookshm matbhedanvarcha vaad aahe. uddharan. kabulijababat stutee (HTTP:// Ww.bodhisatva.nivval/chandragomin% 27s% 20 kautuk.etch. tii. emm.)

chandragomin chandragomin (ess. key. tea.). kandragomin) purvi bengalko barendra kshetraka ekjana bharatiya baudha samanya vidwan rar kawi thie. tibeti paramparale chandrakirtilai chunauti dieko vishwas gardacha. nepali paramparaanusar chandragominko vidyarthi ratnakirti thiyo. chandragomin 5 aun shatabdima nalanda math vishwavidyalayaka shikshak thie. chandragomin kahile bancheka thie bhanne kura spashta chhaina, anuman unidekhi 5aundekhi shatabdi iswiko bichma chha, tara nalandama unko sthitile uni uni shatabdima bancheka thie bhanne sanket gardacha. baudha abhilekhharuma, chandragominlai chandrakirti (devnagarihi chandrakirti, tibb) maa bahas garne wyaktiko rupma warnan garieko chha. "dawa drakpa") arya tripitak guru shraman jo nalanda mahawihar mathka khenpo thie. uniharuko bahas dherai warshasamma jaari raheko bataieko chha. chandragominle chittamatra (chetana-matra wa yogachar) drishtikon rakheka thie, rar chandrakirtile nagarjunko drishtikonko wyakhya gare, antatah prasangika bhanera chinine madhyamakko nayan vidyalaya sirjana gare. yo nalanda parampara vidyalayalai angrejima "parinamwadi" wa "dwandwawadi" vidyalaya bhanera chininchha wa prastut garinchha. thrangu rinpocheka anusar chandragomin bahasma dhilo thie tara sadhain sahi uttarharu thie kinbhane pratyek patak chandrakirtile prashna garda chandragominle bholokiteshwarlai prarthana garepachhi arko dina jawaf dina ziddi garthe jasle unlai sahi uttar dine garthe. chandrakirti rar chandragominbichko nalanda mathko saat warshako bahasko warnan taranathko jiwanma bhaeko sabaibhanda thulo shaikshik galti hunuparchha. yo vishwas garinchha kii afno vidwattaka sath, unle candragominko "manjushri-naam-samiti" maa tippani nishchit rupma padhnuparchha. tippaniko 135 aun shlokma, yo mahayan sampradayharuko madhyamak rar yogacharko vishleshan how. manjushri-naam-sangati" ko 135 aun shlokma candragominko tippani anusar candragomin ek madhyamika how bhanne nishkarsh nikalna taranathlai gahro hunu hundaina. chandragomin rar chandrakirti bichko saat warshako bahas madhyamka rar yogachar schol bichko bahas hoina, tara madhyamka schoolko drishtikonko sukshma bhinnatama bahas how. uddharan. swikarnama prashansa (HTTP:// Ww.bodhisatwa.shudha/chandragomin% 27s% 20 prashansa gardacha.htm)

chandragomin chandragomin (ess. kee. tii. candragomine) purba bangara barender anchalara jane bharatiah baudha sadharana bidwana ebong kabi thile. tibdatiah parampra biswasa kare je chandrakeertinku aahwana karajaithila. nepali parampra anujai, chandragominka chhatra thile ratnakirti. chandragomin pancham shatabdire nalanda moth biswabidyalajare jane sikhyaka thile. chandragomin kebe baasa karuthile taaha spust hoinahin, aanumanika bhabe bhabe 5maru shatabdi madhyare, kintu nalandare tankara abasthiti suchaithae je shay 5maha shatabdire baasa karuthile. baudha abhilekhare, chandragominanku shay byakti bhabe barnana karajaichi jie chandrakirti (debanagarihi chandrakirti, tiba) upare bitarka karithile. "dawa drakpa") arjya tripitaka guru shraman jieki nalanda mahabihar mathar khenpo thile. semananka madhyare aneka barsha dhari bitarka chalithila bolly kuhajae. chandragomin chittamatra (kebala chetana kimba jogachara) drustikona rakhithile, ebong chandrakirti nagarjunanka drustikona bishajare tankara byakhya deithile, jaahaa sheshare prasangika bhabare janashuna madhyamakara eka nutan bidyalaja srusti karithila . ehi nalanda parampra bidyalajaku ingrajire "parinamabadi" kimba "dwanwebadee" bidyalaja bhabare janashuna kimba anubada karajaichi . thrangu rinpochenka matare, chandragomin bitarkare dheera thile, kintu sabubele sathika uttara thile, kaaran pratyeka thara chandrakeertinka dwara kaunasi prashna pacharajibaru, chandragomin abalokiteswaranku prarthana kariba parey pardin uttara debaku zid dharithile, jie tanku sathik uttara debe. chandrakirti ebong chandragominanka madhyare nalanda mathar saata barshar bitarkara barnana taranathanka jeebner sabutharu budd academic bhul heba uchit . biswasa karajae je tankara panditya sahita, shay nischita bhabare candragomine rahr "manjushree-naama-sangeeti" upare mantabya padhiba uchit . bhasyara rahr shlokare, ehaa mahayan byabasthara madhyamaka ebong jogacharara eka bisleshana. manjushree-naama-sangati" rahr rahr padare kaindragominka mantabya anujai, kaindragomin eka madhyamika bolly siddhanta neba taranathanka paain kastakara heba uchita nuhen. chandragomin ebong chandrakeertinka madhyare saata barshar bitarka madhyamaka ebong jogachara bidyalaja madhyare eka bitarka nuhen, barang madhyamaka bidyalajara drustikonara sukshma parthakya upare eka bitarka . uddhruta. swikarokti ray prashansa (HTTP:// Www.bodhisatwa.nett/chandragomin% 27s% 20 prashansa kare.echa. tii. emm.)

chandragomin chandragomin (aiss. keey. tii.). candragomin) purbi bangal dey varendra khetar daa ikk bharti bodhi aam vidwan atey kavee see. tibbati parampra daa mannana haii kii chandrakirti noon chunhauti ditti gaee haii. nepali parampra anusar, chandragomin daa vidiaarthi ratankirti see. chandragomin uh sadee dauran nalanda mathh university witch ikk adhiaapak see. ih spasht naheen haii kii chandragomin uh toon toon sadee eesvi dey vichkaar rahinda see, parr nalanda witch uss dee sathiti darsaundi haii kii uh uh sadee dauran rahinda see. bodhi ricard witch, chandragomin noon uss viakati vajon darsaiaa giaa haii jiss neey chandrakirti (devnagri, chandrakirti, tib) utte bahis keeti. "daava drakpa") aariaa tripitak maastar shraman joe nalanda mahavihar matth witch khenpo see. kiha jaanda haii kii unhan dee bahis kaee saalan takk jaari rahee. chandragomin neey chittmatra (siraf chetna jaan yogachar) drishtikon rakkhiaa, atey chandrakirti neey nagarjun dey drishtikon dee aapni viaakhiaa ditti, jiss naal ant witch madhmak daa ikk navaan school baniaa jiss noon prasangika vajon janhiaa jaanda haii. iss nalanda parampra school noon angrezi witch "natijewadi" jaan "upbhashavadi" school vajon janhiaa jaan pesh keeta jaanda haii. thrangu rinpoche dey anusar, chandragomin bahis witch hauli see parr hamesha sahee jawab dinda see kiunki harr vaar jadon chandrakirti duaara koee swal puchhiaa jaanda see, taan chandragomin agle dinn avlokiteshwar noon prarthna curran toon baad jawab denh 'teey zor dinda see joe usnoon sahee jawab dassega. chandrakirti atey candragomin darmiaan nalanda matth dee satt saalan dee bahis daa varnan taranath dee jeevan dee sabh toon vaddi akadamik galti honee chahidi haii. ih manniaa jaanda haii kii aapni siaanap dey naal, unhan noon 'manjushree-naam-sangeeta' 'teey tippni noon zaroor padhna chahida see. tippni dee dee aait witch, ih mahayan schoolan dey madhiamka atey yogachar daa vishleshan haii. manjushree-naam-sangeeta" dee dee aait utte candragomin dee tippni anusar taranath laee ih sitta kaddhana mushkal naheen honaa chahida kii candragomin ikk madhiaamik haii. candragomin atey chandrakirti darmiaan satt saalan dee bahis madhiaamak atey yogachar school vichkaar bahis naheen haii, balki madhiaamak school dey drishtikon dey sookham antran 'teey bahis haii. havala. ikbaal witch parshansa (HTTP:// Ww.bodhisita.shudh/chandragomin% 27s% 20 parshansa karda haii.aich. tii. aim.)

chandragomine chandragomin (ess. key. tii.). kaindragomin) poorvabangasya varendrapradeshasya bhaarateey-bauddha-samanya-vidvaamsaha kavihi cha aasit. tibbati-parampara, chandrakeerti-ityasya chwilambah iti manyate. nepali-paramparanusaram chandragomin ityasya chhaatrah ratnakeertih aasit. chandragomin ityeshah 5 shataabdyaam nalanda-matha-vishvavidyaalaye shikshaka aasit. chandragomin ityeshah kadaa nivasati iti spashtam naasti, saa. sha. 5 taha 6 shataabdaparyantam yaavat iti anumanam asti, parantu nalanda-nagare tasya sthaanam soochayati yat saha 5 shataabdyaam nivasati sma iti. bauddha-abhilekheshu chandragomin-naam saha yah chandrakeerti-vishaye (devanaagarih chandarakeerti, tib) vaadam akarot iti varnitam asti. "dava drakpaa") aary-tripitaka-guruhu shramanah, yah nalanda-mahaavihaar-mathasya khenpo aasit. teshaam vaadavivaadah bahubhyah varshaani yaavat prachalati iti kathyate. chandragomin ityeshah chittamatra (kevalam chetanaa athavaa yogacharaha) iti drushtim dhaarayati sma, chandrakeertih cha nagarjunasya drushtehe vyaakhyaam karoti sma, ante prasangikaa iti namna namna prasidhah madhyamak-nootanah sampradaayah nirmitavaan. eshaa nalanda-parampara-vidyaalayah anglabhashayam "parinaamavaadee" athavaa "dvamdvavaadee" vidyaalayah iti namna prasidhah vaa anuvaaditah vaa asti. tringurinapoche ityasya mate, chandragomin vaadavivaade mandah aasit, parantu sarvadaa samyak uttaram praptavan, yatah yadaa cha chandrakirtina kimapi prashnam uddeeshtam, chandragomin, avalokiteshvarena prarthayitva, agrimadine tasya uttaram daatum aagraham karoti sma, yah tam samyak uttaram vadati sma. chandrakeerti-chandragomi-ityetayoho madhye nalanda-mathasya saptavarsheeya-vaadavivaadasya vivaranam taranathasya jeevanasya bruhattamam shaikshanik-dosham bhavet. tasya vidvatena saha, saha kaindragomin ityasya "manjushree-naam-sangeetee" ityasya vyaakhyaam avashyam pathitum arhati iti manyate. vyakhyanasya 135 tame shlokasya, mahayana-sampradayanam madhyamakasya yogacharasya cha vishleshanam asti. manjushree-naam-sangeetee" ityasya 135 tame shlokasya vishaye kaindragomin ityasya bhashyanusaram kaindragomin madhyamikaa iti nishkarsham praaptum taranathehe kashtah naa bhavet. chandragomin-chandrakeerti-ityetayoho madhye saptavarshaani yaavat prachalantee vaadavivaadah, maadhyamak-yogachara-sampradayayoh madhye naa bhavati, apitu maadhyamak-sampradaayasy sukshmavibhedanam vishaye vaadavivaadah asti. uddharanam. sweekaarokti-prashamsaam (HTTP:// Www.bodhisatvah.shuddhah/chandragomin% 27s% 20 prashamsate.echa. tea. emm.)

chandrakomi chandrakomin (ess. kae. dii. cantracomin) kilakku vangaalaththin varendra piraanthiyaththaich saerntha oru inthiya bowththa saathaarana arinyarum kavignarum aavaar. tibeththiya paarambariyam chandrakirti sawal seiyappattathaaga nambukirathu. nepaala bhaarambariyaththin puddy, chandrakomin maanavar ratnakirti aavaar. aavaar noottraandil nalanda thuravigal palkalaikkazhagaththil aasiriyaraaga irunthaar. chandrakomin kibi 5 muthal 6 aam noottraandu varai vaazhnththathaaga mathippidappattullathu, aanaal avar 5 aam noottraandil vaalnththathaik kurikkirathu. bowththa pathivukal, chandrakominai chandrakirti (devanagari chandrakirti, thip) pattri vivaathiththavar endru vivarikkirathu. "thawa truckba") aariya thiripidaga maastar shramanar, avar naalantha mahavihara madaalayaththil kenboavaaga irunthaar. avarkalin vivaatham pala aandugalaagath thodarnthathaagak koorappadugiradhu. chandrakomin siddhamaththira (nanavu mattumae allathu yogachara) paarvaiyai vaiththirunthaar, chandrakirti nagarjunavin paarvaiyaip pattri thanathu vilakkatthai valangkinaar, iruthiyil prasankika endru azhaikkappadum oru puthiya mathyamagap palliyai uruvaakkinaar. inththa nalanda paarambariya palli aangkilaththil "vilaivu" allathu "paechchuvalakku" palli endru azhaikkappadukirathu allathu mozhipeyarkkappattullathu. chandrakirumin vivaathaththil methuvaaka irunthaar, aanaal eppoathum sariyaana pathilkalaik kondirundhaar, aenenil chandrakirudhiyaal oru kaelvi kaetkappadum ovvoru muraiyum, chandrakomin aduththa naall avalogideshwararidam praarththanai seitha piragu sariyaana pathilaich solla vaendum endru valiyurutthuvaar. chandrakeerththikkum chandrakominukkum idaiyilaana nalanda madaalayaththin aezhu aandu vivaathaththin vilakkam thaaranaaththin vaazhkkaiyil migapperiya kalvi thavaraaga irukka vaendum. thanathu arivaattraludan, avar gandhagomin "manjushree-naama-sangithi" pattriya varnanaiyai nichchayamaaga padiththirukka vaendum endru nambappadugirathu. varnanaiyin 135 vadhu vasanaththil, idhu mahayana pallikalin maathyamaagaa mattrum yogasaaraavin pakuppaaivu aagum. manjushree-naama-sangeethiyin" 135 vadhu vasanaththil ulla gandragomin varnanaiyin puddy, gandragomin oru maathyamikaa endru mudivu seivathu thaaranaatharukku kadinamaaga irukkakkoodaathu. gandrakominukkum chandrakeerththikkum idaiyilaana aezhu aandu vivaatham maathyamaaga mattrum yogasaara pallikku idaiyilaana vivaatham alla, aanaal maathyamaaga palliyin nunukkamaana vaerupaadugal kuriththa vivaatham. maerkoal. vaakkumoolaththil parattu (HTTP:// Ww.bodhisitta.nigara/chandrakomin% 27s% 20 paaraattukal.ech. dii. emm)

chandragomin chandragomin (ess. keey. tii. candragomine) thoorpu bengaalloni varendra praantaaniki chendina bharatiya bouddha saamaanya panditudu mariyu kavi. tibeton sampradaayam chandrakeertini savaalu chesindani nammutundi. nepali sampradaayam prakaram, chandragomin vidyaarthi ratnakeerti. chandragomin 5va sataabdamloo nalanda matha vishwavidhyaalayamlo upadhyayudu. cree. sha. 5va sataabdam nundi 6va sataabdam madhya anchanaalatho chandragomin eppudu nivasinchaado aspashtamgaa undhi, conny nalandaalo athani sthaanam athanu 5va sataabdamloo nivasinchaadani suuchistumdi. bouddha recordulalo, chandrakomin chandrakirti (devanagari chandrakirti, tib) gurinchi charchinchina vyaktigaa varninchabadindi. "daavaa drakpa") nalanda mahavihara mathamlo khenpo ayina aarya tripitaka guruvu shramana. vaari charcha chaalaa samvatsaraalu konasagindani chebutaaru. chandragomin chittamatra (spruha matrame ledhaa yogachara) drukpathaanni kaligi unnadu, chandrakirti nagarjuna drukpatham gurinchi thana vivarananu icchaadu, chivariki prasaadika anie piluvabade madhyamaka yokka kotta paatasaalanu srushtinchaadu. eee nalanda sampradaaya paatasaalanu aanglamlo "paryavasaanavaadi" ledhaa "mandalikavetta" paatasaalagaa pilustaaru ledhaa anuvadistaaru. trangu rinpoche prakaram, chandragomin charchalo nemmadigaa undevaadu, conny ellappuduu saraina samadhanalu undevi, endukante chandrakirti adigina pratisaaree, chandragomin saraina samadhanam cheppe avalokiteshwaranu praardhinchina marusati roeju samadhanam ivvamani pattubattaru. chandrakirti mariyu chandragomin madhya nalanda matham yokka edu samvatsaraala charcha yokka vivarana thana jeevitamlo taranath yokka atipedda vidyaaparamaina porapaatu ayi undaali. thana paandityamtho, athanu candragomine yokka "manjushree-naama-sangati" paie vyakhyaanaanni khachitamgaa chadivinatlu nammutaaru. vyaakhyaanamloni 135va padyamloo, idhi mahayana paatasaalala yokka madhyamaka mariyu yogacharala vislaeshanha. manjushree-naama-sangati" looni 135va padyampai chandragomin vyakhyanam prakaram chandragomin oka madhyamam anie taaranaadhuniki nirdhaarinchadam kashtam kakudadu. candragomine mariyu chandrakirti madhya edu samvatsaraala charcha anedi madhyamam mariyu yogachara paatasaala madhya charcha kaadu, conny madhyamam yokka drukpatham yokka suukshma vyatyaasaalapai charcha. coat. oppukolu loe prasamsalu (HTTP:// Ww.bodhisatva.nikara/chandragomin% 27s% 20 prasamsalu.hetch. tii. emm)

chandragomen chandragomen (aiss see tye. candragoman) mashriqi bangaal kay warinder elaqay say taaluq rakhnay waala eek hindustani badh mutt kaa aam aalim aur shayer thaa. tabti rawayat kaa maanna hay kahh chandrakarti kuu challenge kiyaa gayaa hay. nipali rawayat kay mutabiq chandragomen kaa shagird ratankarti thaa. chandragomen 5 wein sadee kay doraan nalinda monastic university mein astaad thay. yaha waazah nahein hay kahh chandragomen kabb rehta thaa jiss kaa takhmina 5 wein say 6 wein sadee eiswi kay darmiyan hay leakin nalinda mein iss kii position iss baath kii nishandahi karti hay kahh wah 5 wein sadee kay doraan rehta thaa. badh mutt kay record mein chandragomen kuu wah shaqs qaraar diyaa gayaa hay jiss nay chandrakarti (dewangri: chandrakarti tubb) parr bahas kii. "dawa drikpa") aariyah triptak maaster sharman juu nalinda mahavihara khanqah mein khanpo thay. kahaa jaataa hay kahh inn kii bahas kayee saalon takk jaari rahee. chandragomen nay chatmatar (sarf shaoor yaa yugchar) nazariyah rakhaa aur chandrakarti nay nagarjan kay naqtah nazar kii apnee tashrih kii jiss say balaakhir madhimaka kaa eek neeya maktab paida hawaa jasay parsangika kahaa jaataa hay. iss nalindah rawayat school kuu angrezi mein "natijah khaiz" yaa "jadliyati" school kay naam say jaana jaataa hay yaa paish kiyaa jaataa hay. tharango ranpoche kay mutabiq chandragomen bahas mein sast thaa leakin hamishah iss kay paas saheeh jawabat hotay thay keunkah harr baar jabb chandrakarti kii taraf say koyee sawaal uthaya jaataa thaa tuu chandragomen aglay dunn aulokteshwar say duaa karnay kay baad jawaab deenay parr asraar kartaa thaa juu asay saheeh jawaab bataye gaa. chandrakarti aur candergoman kay darmiyan nalinda khanqah kay saat saalah mubahase kii wazahat taranath kii zindagi kii sabb say bury taleemi ghalti hony chahiye. yaha maanaa jaataa hay kahh apnee maharat kay saath asay yaqeeni toor parr candragoman kii "manjoshri-naam-sangti" parr tabsarah padhna chahiye thaa. tafseer kii 135 wein aayat mein yaha mahayan schoolon kay madhimaka aur yugkar kaa tajziya hay. manjoshri-naam-sangti" kii 135 wein aayat parr candragoman kay tabsaray kay mutabiq tanath kay liye yaha natijah akhz karnaa mashkal nahein honaa chahiye kahh candragoman eek madhimika hay. candragoman aur chandrakarti kay darmiyan saat saalah bahas madhimaka aur yugkar school kay darmiyan bahas nahein hay balkah madhimaka school kay naqtah nazar kay barek ikhtelafat parr bahas hay. iqtebas. aiteraf mein tareef (HTTP:// Ww.bodhesht.khaalis/chandragomen% 27s% 20 tareef kartaa hay.aich tye ayem)

fffcdedc0c5282dd47de37865cc29ac778e2cdf4fddacdc2f4b5fc9b653c8e4a

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7474489

HMS Polsham (M2792)

HMS Polsham (M2792) Minesweeper of the Royal Navy HMS "Polsham" was one of 93 ships of the of inshore minesweepers. Their names were chosen from villages ending in "-ham". The minesweeper was named after Polsham in Somerset. HMS "Polsham" was sold in February 1967 to the Port of London Authority who converted the vessel into a hydrographic survey ship, operated out of the Thames Navigation Service centre at Gravesend, Kent. She was renamed the MV "Maplin". It is understood that she no longer operates in this capacity, but her fate is unknown.

eis. em. ess. pulsam pulsam hms "pulsam" aasil upokulor mineswiperor 93 khon jahajor bhitorot etaa. -hyam" too xex huwa gaonxomuhor poraa teulukor naam basoni koraa hoisil. mineswiperor naam xumorsetor poo 'loswamor naamere rokha hoisil. eis. em. ess "pulsam" 1967 sonor februaryt london kortripokhyor bondoroloi bikri koraa hoisil jiye jahajkhonok hydro "graphik joreep jahajoloi rupantorit korisil, kentor gravesandot thoka thems navigation xewa kendror poraa porisalito hoisil. teuk em. bhi. "maplin" buli punor naamkoron koraa hoisil. eitu buji puwa yaay je taai aaru ei khyomotat kaam nokore, kintu taair bhagyo ogyat.

aechms polsham (emm2792) aechms "polsham" chhilo upokulborti minesweeperder 93tii jahajer modhye ekti. -hyama"-ayee shesh haoya gramguli theke taader namguli beche neoa hoyechilo. minesweeper namkaran koraa hoyechilo somersette polshamer naame. aechms "polsham" 1967 saaler februaryte london kortripokkher kachhe bikri koraa hoyechilo, jaaraa jahajtike ekti hydrographic jorip jahaje rupantarita korechilo, jaa kenter gravende thames navigation porisheba kendra theke porichalito hoyechilo. taar naam poriborton korey emvi "maplin" rakha hoy. etaa bojha yaay jey seey arr eyi khomotar modhye kaaj korey naa, kintu taar bhagyo ajana.

aech. aema. aesa. polsham polsham aech. aema. aesa. "polsham" aee dariyakanthana khaan safai karnaraona 93 jahajomathi aek hatoo. temnaa naam "-humm" maan samaapt thataa gaamomathi pasand karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. minesweepernu naam somersetma polsham parthee rakhvama aavyu hatoo. hms "polsham" februari februari london authorityna bandarne vechvaamaa aavyu hatoo, jemane jahajne hydrographic sarvekshan jahajma rupantarit karyoo hatoo, jeey kentnaa gravesand khaatena thames navigation service centermathi sanchaalit hatoo. teneenu naam aema. vee. "maplin" rakhvama aavyu hatoo. teey samjee shakaay chhe keey teey havey aaa kshamtama kaama karatee nathee, parantu tenu bhagya agnaat chhe.

aich. aim. aiss. polsham polsham aich. aim. aiss. "polsham" inshore minesweepers key 93 jahaajon mein seey ack thaa. unake naam "-haim" mein samaapt honey vaale gaanvon seey chune gaye they. minesweeper kaa naam somerset mein polsham key naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. hms "polsham" koo farwari 1967 mein landan pradhikaran key bandargah koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa, jisane pott koo ack hydrographic sarvekshan jahaaj mein badal diyaa, joe kent key kabristan mein themus navigation seva kendra seey sanchaalit thaa. unakaa naam badalkar aim. vee. "maplin" curr diyaa gayaa. yeh samajha jaataa haye kii vaha abb iss kshamata mein kaam naheen karati haye, lekin uska bhaagya agyaat haye.

etch. emm. ess. polsham (emm2792) hms "polsham" olanaadina mainsveepargala 93 hadagugalalli ondaagittu. -haam" nalli konegolluva halligalinda avara hesarugalannu ayke maadalaayitu. mainsweeperge somersetnalli polshamna hesarannu idalaagide. hms "polsham" annu 1967rahra phebravariyalli london praadhikaarada bandarige marata maadalaayitu, avaru hadagugalannu hydrographic samikshe hadagugalaagi parivartisidaru, idu kentna gravesendnalliruva thams navigation sewa kendradinda kaaryanirvahisuttittu. aakeyannu emvi "maplin" endu marunamakarana maadalaayitu. aake innu munde ee saamarthyadalli kaaryanirvahisuvudilla endu arthaisalaagide, aadare aakeya adrushta tilidilla.

echms polsham (emm2792) inshore mainsweeppezhsinte 93 kappalukalil onnaayirunnu echms "polsham". -haam" ennathil avasaanikkunna gramangalil ninnaan avarude perukal thiranjedutthathu. somersettile polshaaminte perilaanu mainsweepparinu peru nalkiyirikkunnath. 1967 februvariyil echms polsham lunden thuramukha authoritic vittu, avar kappaline oru hydrographic sarway kappalakki maatti, kentile gravesendile taaminte naavigeshan sevana kendratthil ninnu pravarthippichu. avalkk emvi "mapple" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. aval inii eee padaviyil pravartthikkunnillenna manassilaakkappedunnu, pakshe avalude vidhi anjjaathamaanu.

etch. emm. ess. polsham (emm. 2792) etch. emm. ess. 'polsham' heey kinanyavaril khaan safai kamgaranchya 93 jahajanpaiki eka hote. tyanchi nave '-hamm' madhye sampananya gavanmadhun nivadali gelee. minesweeperla somersetmadhil polshamche naav denyat aale. etch. emm. ess. polsham februwari 1967 madhye londonchya bandar pradhikaranala vikale gele, jyane jahajala hydrographic sarvekshan jahajat rupantarit kele, jeey kentchya gravesand yetheel thamchya navigation seva kendratoon chalavale gele. tiche emm. vhee. 'maplin' asey namkaran karnyat aale. heey samajale jaate qee tee aata yaa kshamatene kaam karat nahee, parantu tiche nasheeb adnyat aahe.

hms polsam (emm2792) hms "polsam" tatiya mineswiperharuko 93 wata jahajharu madhye ek thiyo. -hyam" maa samapta hune gaunharubata tiniharuko naam chhanieko thiyo. mineswiperko naam somersetma polasamko nambata rakhieko thiyo. hms "polsam" february 1967 maa london pradhikaranko bandargahma bechieko thiyo jasle jahajlai hydrographic sarwekshan jahajma rupantaran gyoa, kentko gravesandma raheko thums navigation sewa kendrabata sanchalan garieko thiyo. unko naam embhi "maplin" rakhieko thiyo. uni ab yass kshamatama kaam gardinan bhanne bujhinchha, tara unko bhagya agyat chha.

etch. emm. ess. polsam (emm. 2792) hmm "polsham" upakula mineswepersra mineswepersra jahaz madhyaru anyatama thila. -haam" ray shesh heuthiba gramagudikaru semananka naama chayan karajaithila. mineswiperara naama somersetre polasamanka naamare rakhajaithila. 1967 masiha februari maasare etch. emm. ess. "polsam" ku london kartupakhyanka bandaraku bikri karajaithila, jie jahajatiku eka hydrographic sarbhe jahajare parinata karithile, jaahaa kenter grebhasendasthita thames navigation sarbhis sentararu parichalita heuthila. tanku emm. bhi. "maplin" naamare namit karajaithila. ehaa bujhihue je shay aau ehi khyamatare karjya karanti naahin, kintu taanka bhagya agyata .

aich. aim. aiss polsham polsham aich. aimm. aiss. "polsham" samundari kandhe dey minesweepers dey 93 jahazan vicchon ikk see. uhanan dey naam "-haim" witch khatam honn vaale pindan vicchon chunhe gaye sunn. minesweeper daa naam somerset witch polsham dey naam utte rakkhiaa giaa see. hms "polsham" noon farvari 1967 witch bandargah london atharty noon wetch ditta giaa see jiss neey jahaz noon ikk hydrographic sarvekhan jahaz witch badal ditta see, joe kii gravesand, cant vikhe thames navigation service center toon chalaiaa jaanda see. uss daa naam badal keey aimm. vee. "maplin" rakkhiaa giaa see. ih samajhiaa jaanda haii kii uh hunn iss samratha witch kamm naheen kardi, parr uss dee kismat anjaan haii.

ech. emm. ess. polshaam (emm. 2792) hms "polshaam" iti naukaayaanam, samudratate sthitanam mainsveepar-naukayananam 93 naukaayaaneshu anyatam aasit. teshaam naamaani "-haam" iti samaaptebhyah graameshu chitaani. mainsveepar ityasya naam somerset-madhye polshaam ityasya namna krutam. 1967 februvari-maase ech. emm. ess. "polshaam" iteedam landan-authority-naukaashraye vikreeyat, yah kent-nagarasya gravesand-nagare thams-nauparivahana-sevaa-kendraat sanchaalitam jala-chitra-sarvekshana-naukayam parivartayat. saa emm. vi. "maplin" iti namna punah namakaranam krutam. saa adhunaa etaadrushe kaarye naa karyam karoti iti dnyaayate, parantu tasyaah bhavitavyam adnyaatam asti.

hms bolsham (emm2792) hms "bolsham" enbathu kadaloara surangappaathai amaippugalin 93 kappalkalil ontraakum. -haam" endra peyaril mudivadaiyum kiraamangalilirunthu avarkalin peyarkal thaernthedukkappattana. mainsweeper somercettil ulla bolshamin peyaraal peyaridappattathu. hms "bolsham" pipravari 1967 ill lundon thuraimuka athikaaraththirku virkappattathu, avar kappalai oru hydrographic sarve kappalaaga maatrinaar, idhu kent, kallaraiyil ulla thamas vazhiseluththal saevai maiyaththilirunthu iyakkappadukirathu. avar emm. vii. "mablin" endru marupeyaridappattaar. aval inii inththa thiranil seyalpadavillai endru purinthu kollappadugiradhu, aanaal avaludaiya vidhi theriyavillai.

hcms polsham polsham hcms "polsham" anedi lothattu mainsweeperla 93 nowkalaloo okati. -haam" loe mugise graamaala nundi vaari paerlu enchukoobaddaayi. mainsweeparku somersetloni polsham paeru pettaru. hcms "polsham" nuu 1967 fibravarilo london naukaasrayaaniki vikrayinchaaru, vaaru eee noukanu hydrographic survey shipga marcharu, kent looni gravesand vadda unna thames navigation servies center nundi nirvahinchabadindi. aame paeru emvi "maplin" gaa maarchabadindi. aame ikapai eee saamardhyamlo panicheyadani ardham, conny aame vidhi teliyadu.

aich ayem aiss polsham (ayem 2792) aich ayem aiss "polsham" saahili maain swepers kay 93 jehazon mein say eek thaa. inn kay naam "-haim" mein khatam honay waalay dehaton mein say muntakhib kiye gayey thay. maain sweper kaa naam somerset mein polsham kay naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. aich ayem aiss "polsham" faroori 1967 mein port aaf landan atharti kuu farokhat kiyaa gayaa thaa jiss nay jehaaz kuu hydrographic sarway jehaaz mein tabdil kirr diyaa thaa juu curesand kent mein thamas navigation saros center say chalaya jaataa thaa. iss kaa naam badal kirr ayem wee "maplin" rakhaa gayaa. yaha samjha jaataa hay kahh wah abb iss salahiyat mein kaam nahein kartee leakin iss kii qasmat namalum hay.

fffcdf52d6f2f88bb0fd413bb911e68e97575fa468ab49f5283fd632c8c38df2

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17118207

Li livres de jostice et de plet

Li livres de jostice et de plet ("The Book of Justice and of Pleas") is an Old French legal treatise compiled by the postglossators of the school of Orléans in the mid-thirteenth century (c. 1260). It was influenced by canon law (especially the decretals of Gregory IX), Roman law (especially the "Digest"), the customary law of the Orléanais, and the legislation of the Capetian Kings of France. It does not have the sense of a finished work, possesses "lacunae", and is somewhat disorganised, being possibly the work of a student of the University of Orléans. The first book of the "Livres" is a free translation of the first three paragraphs of the "Digest". It is not a "coutoumier" (compilation of customary law) and most of the customary law it cites is limited to Orléans. Among the royal acts it reproduces is one of Saint Louis from 1254, in which the king depicted as judge declares himself the guardian of the peace and rest of his subjects: "nos deserrens de la dete de la real poesté la pez et le respous de nos sojeiz". The "Livres" may have influenced the later legislation of Philip the Fair. Examples. With regards to the law of fiefs, the "Livres" states that dukes, counts, viscounts, and barons could all hold their land from one another. The "Livres" also states that "la bone devise de droit des persones, des gens, est tele que tot homes ou il sont franc ou serf": "the good division of the law of persons is that all men are either free or servile." This law is based on the "Digest" but the meaning of the word "servi" that the medieval author translates "serf" meant "slave". The "Livres", by defining treason ("traïson") as "férir, et l'en ne voie pas le cop venir" (to wound [someone], and when the blow could not be seen coming), declared all crossbowmen to be traitors, since nobody could see their blows coming. The "Livres" has provided scholars with unique insight into medieval legal attitudes to sexual crimes. It does not lay out punishment for prostitutes, preferring to reintegrate them into society in accordance with canon law. It does, however, prescribe the banishment and confiscation of property of the "maquerel des femmes" (procurer) and the owner of a brothel ("bordelerie"). It also describes penalties for male homosexuality and is the first known work to describe penalties for lesbianism as well. On the first offence the male sodomite was to be castrated, on the second dismembered, and on the third burned alive. The lesbian offender was to be dismembered on the first two offences (although exactly what two "members" were to be cut off is uncertain) and burned alive on the third. All their goods accrued to the crown. Notes. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

leavers di jostich ett di play 'tot ("nyay aaru aabedonor grontho") hoise troyudox xotikar majbhagot orlianxokolor bidyaloyor postglucetorxokole xongkolon koraa ek puroni forasi aainee grontho. ee onuxaxon aain (bixexkoi gregori ixor decretal), ruman aain (bixexkoi "digest"), orlianaisor prothar aain, aaru francer capetian rojaxokolor aainor dwara probhabito hoisil. iyat xomapto kaamor ortho naai, "obhab" aase, aaru xombhobotoh orlean biswobidyaloyor ejon saatro-satror kaam huwar baabe ee kichu porimane oxongothito. leavers" ror prothom gronthotu hoise "digest" ror prothom tinita onuschedor binamuliya onubad. ee "koo 'tumiyar" (prothar aainor xongkolon) nohoy aaru ee ullekh koraa prothar aainor besibhag orlianxokolor bhitorot ximabodho. iyar punor prostut koraa rajokiyo karzoxomuhor bhitorot 1254 sonor saint luisor etaa, zo "too rojak bisarok hisape sitrito koraa hoise jiye nijoke xantir aaru teur baaki projar rokhyok buli ghuxona koreh" noch deserence dey laa dite dey laa real poeste laa page ett ley repas dey noch sojij ". leavers"-e hoyotu phillip dyo fairor poroborti aainkhonok probhabito korisil. udahoron. sorair aainor xondorbhot, "libhare"-ye koy je diuk, count, viscount aaru beron xokole ijone xijonor poraa teulukor bhumi dokhol koribo paare. leavers"-e logote koy je "laa buna devise di droit dey pesio" noche, dey jense, esto telee kiu tut humes oh "ill sont frank oh" surf ":" byoktir aainor bhaal bibhajon hoh "lo xokolu purux hoy mukto baa daax."ei aain" "digest" "ror uporot aadharito kintu modhyojugiyo lekhokjone" "surf" "buli onubad koraa" "servy" "xobdotur ortho hoise" "daax" ". leavers"-e rastrodruhok ("traison") "ferir, ett lo 'eno ney bhui paach ley cop venir" (aaghat koraa [karubak], aaru jetiya aghattu ohaa dekha nayay) buli xongyayito kori xokolu crossbomanok dexdruhi buli ghuxona korisil, kiyonu kuneu teulukor aaghat ohaa dekha nasil. leavers"-e jouno oporadhor proti modhyojugiyo aainee monubhawor bixoye ponditoxokolok ononyo ontordristi prodan korise. ee potitar baabe xasti prodan nokore, teulukok onuxaxon aain onuxori xomajot punor ekotrito koriboloi posondo kore. obosye, ee "macrell dey fame" cho "(kroikari) aaru potitaloyor (" bordelori ") gorakir xompotir nirbaxon aaru bajeyapto korar nirdex diye. iyat purux xomokamitar baabe xastir bixoyeu bornona koraa hoise aaru lesbiyanijomor babeu xastir bixoye bornona koraa prothom gyat grontho. prothom oporadhot purux cho "dodd" maitok nopungxok koribo logaa hoisil, dwitiyotut khondobikhondito koribo logaa hoisil, aaru tritiyotut jiwitbhabe jwolai dibo logaa hoisil. lesbian oporadhijonok prothom dutaa oporadhot khondo-khondo koribo logaa hoisil (jodiu thik ki dujon "xodosyo" kaati pelabo laage xeitu onischito) aaru tritiyotut jiwitbhabe jwolai diya hoisil. teulukor xokolu xamogri mukutot jomaa hoisil.

leavers dii jostice ebong dii platey ("nyaybichar oo abedoner boi") trayodash shatabdir majhamajhi somoye school off orleanser postglocetorder dwara sangkalita ekti purano farasi aini grontho. etty onushashon aain (biseshoto gregori ix-err decretal), roman aain (biseshoto "digest"), orleaniser prothagoto aain ebong francer capetian rajader aain dwara probhabito hoyechilo. etir konao somapto kaajer ortho nei, "ghatoti" royeche ebong etty kichuta asangathito, sombhoboto orlean bishwobidyaloyer ekjon chhatrer kaaj. livres"-err prothom boiti holl "digest"-err prothom tinti anuchcheder ekti binamulye anubad. etty konao "poshak prostutkari" (prothagoto aainer sangkalan) noy ebong etty jey prothagoto aain ullekh korey taar beshirbhagi orleander modhye seemaboddho. etty punarutpadan koraa rajakiya kajgulir modhye 1254 saaler seenta luier ekti, jekhane bicharok hisabe chitrito raja nijeke shantir abhibhabok ebong taar bucky prajader ghoshana korenoh "nose degerance deey laa dett deey laa real poeste laa peza ett leey respus deey nose sajij". livres" sombhoboto meller poroborti phillip ainke probhabito koreche. udaharan. jaigar aain somporke, "livres" boley jey diuka, kaunta, viscount ebong baronra sobai eke oporer theke taader jommy dhorey rakhte paare. livres" arow boleche jey "laa boone design dii droit days persons, days gens, east telly cue toat homes baa ill sont franc oo surf": "byaktider aainer vall bibhajan holl jey samasta purush hoy swadhin baa daas."eyi aainti" "digest" "-err upor vitti korey toiri, tobey madhyayugiya lekhok jey" "surf" "shobdotir anubad korechen taar ortho holl" "daas" ". livres", rashtrodrohita ("tresson") keey "ferir, ett lawl 'enn neey bhoye pusses leey cop venir" ([kauke] ahoto koraa, ebong jokhon aghat aste dekha yayni) hisabe sangyayita korey, samasta crossbomanke biswasghatok boley ghoshana korey, kaaron keu taader aghat aste dekhte payni. livres" jouno aporadher proti madhyayugiya aini monovab somporke ponditder ananya antardrishti pradan koreche. etty potitar jonno shastir bidhan korey naa, onushashon aain onusare taader somaje punra ekibhuto korte pochondo korey. tobey, etty "mackerell days fames" (sangrahokari) ebong ekti potitaloyer ("bordelery") maliker sampatti nirbasan oo bajeyapta korar nirdesh deyo. etty purush somokamitar jonno shastiro bornona deyo ebong lesbianismer jonno shastir bornona deoar jonno prothom porichito kaaj. prothom aporadhe purush sodomiteke nopungsok koraa hoto, dwitiyoti khandito koraa hoto ebong tritiyoti jeebonto pudiye fela hoto. lesbian aporadhike prothom duti aporadhe khandito koraa hobey (jodio thhik qee dui "sadasya" keey ketey fela hobey taa anishchito) ebong tritiyotite jeebonto pudiye fela hobey. taader samasta ponno mukuter kachhe jomaa hoyechilo.

jeevan aneey jeevan ("nyaay aneey arjionun pustak") termee sadeena madhyamaa orleansna shaalaana postglosators dwara sankaleet aek juno french kaanuni granth chhe. teey siddhaant kaayado (khaas kareene greegory ix naa decretals), rooman kaayado (khaas kareene "digest"), orleanizena rudhigat kaayado aneey francenaa kepitiyan rajaona kaayadaathi prabhaavit hato. temaa taiyar kaaryano arth nathee, temaa "khaamee" chhe, aneey teey kaneek anshe avyavasthit chhe, jeey kadaach orleans universityna vidhyarthinu kaary chhe. livers" noon pratham pustak "digest" naa pratham trana fakraanu mafat bhashantar chhe. teey "cotomier" (rudhigat kayadaanu sankalan) nathee aneey teey taankto motaabhaagno rudhigat kaayado orleans sudhee maryadit chhe. teey jeey shaahee krutyonu punahutpadan karey chhe temaa temaa sant louisno samaavesh thaay chhe, jemaa nyayadhish tareeke darshavvama aavela raajaa potaane shaanti aneey tenaa baakinaa prajaana rakshak jaaher karey chheh "noss deserence deey laa dett deey laa real poste laa pays aeta leey respos deey noss sojiz". livers" aee phillip dhaa fernaa pachhinaa kaayadaane prabhaavit karyo hashe. udaaharano. jagirna kayadana sandarbhma, "livers" janaave chhe keey rajkumaro, ganatareeo, wiscounts aneey beron badhaa temnee jameen aekbeejathi door raakhi shake chhe. livers" aee pann janaave chhe keey "laa booan devite days persons, days gens, est telly kyu tooat homes oo ila soont frank oo yuu surf": "vyaktionaa kayadaanu saaru vibhajan aee chhe keey badhaa purusho kaan too mukt athavaa gulam chhe."aaa kaayado" "paachan" "parr aadharit chhe parantu madhyayugin lekhak" "sevak" "noow anuvaad karey chhe teey" "sevaa" "shabdno arth" "gulam" "thaay chhe". livers", rajdroh ("trayson") neey "ferrier, aeta lae 'aena neey voi paas leey qopa venir" ([koine] ghaayal karvaa maate, aneey jyaare fatako aavto naa joee shakaay) tareeke vyakhyayit kareene, tamaam crossbomanne deshdrohi jaaher karyaa, kaaran keey koee pann temnaa prahaaro aavtaa joee shakatu naa hatoo. livers" aee vidhyanone jaatiy gunaao pratyenaa madhyayugin kaanuni valannee ananya samaj pradaan curry chhe. teey veshyaao maate sajaa nakki karatu nathee, temne siddhaant kaayada anusaar samajma fareethi aekeekrut karvaanu pasand karey chhe. joke, teey "macrell days famis" (khariddaar) aneey veshyalayna maaleek ("bordellary") nee meelkatne deshnikaal aneey japt karvaanee soochnaa aape chhe. teey purush samlaingikta maatena dandanu pann varnan karey chhe aneey lesbianism maatena dandanu pann varnan karnari pratham jaaniti krutee chhe. pratham gunaama purush sodomitene napunsak banaavvaano hato, beeja parr tukada karvaamaa aavtaa hataa aneey trija parr jivant salgavi devaana hataa. lesbian gunegaarne pratham beey gunaoma vikhervaamaa aavvaano hato (joke beey "sabhyo" neey barabar shun kaapee nakhvama aavashe teey aneeshchit chhe) aneey trija gunaama jivant salgavi devaayo hato. temno tamaam maal taajmaa jamaa thayo hato.

jeevan aur jeevan (nyaay aur daleelon kii pustak) terahavin shatabdi key madhya mein orleans key school key postglosators dwara sankalit ack purana francisi kanuni granth haye. yeh cannon kaanoon (vishesh roop seey gregory ix key decretals), roman kaanoon (vishesh roop seey "digest"), orliana key prathaagat kaanoon aur france key capitian raajaon key kaanoon seey prabhaavit thaa. isamen ack samaapt kaam kaa arth naheen haye, isamen "kamee" haye, aur kuchh hudd taka avyavasthit haye, sambhavatah orleans vishvavidyalaya key ack chhaatr kaa kaam haye. livers" kii pahali pustak "digest" key pahale teen paragraph kaa ack muft anuvaad haye. yeh ack "cautumier" (prathaagat kaanoon kaa sankalan) naheen haye aur adhikansh prathaagat kaanoon joe yeh uddhrit kartaa haye vaha orlean taka seemit haye. shaahi krityon mein seey yeh 1254 seey sant luis mein seey ack haye, jisamen raajaa koo nyayadhish key roop mein chitrit kiya gayaa haye, joe khud koo shaanti aur apani baaki praja key sanrakshak ghoshit kartaa haih "nose deserrance day laa dett day laa real poste laa pays aitt leey respus dee nose sojij". livers" ney phillip dha fair key baad key kaanoon koo prabhaavit kiya hoga. udaaharan. jagir key kaanoon key sambandh mein, "livres" kaa kahana haye kii duke, ginati, wiscount aur bairan sabhi ack dusare seey apani bhoomi koo pakad sakate they. livres" mein yeh bhee kahaa gayaa haye kii "laa bone davise dee droit days persons, days genus, est telly kyu tott homes oh ill sont frank oh surf": "vyaktiyon key kaanoon kaa achchha vibhajan yeh haye kii sabhi purush yaa tou swatantra hain yaa daas hain."yeh kaanoon" "paachan" "parr adharit haye lekin" "seva" "shabd kaa arth haye jiska madhyayugeen lekhak anuvaad" "daas" "kaa arth haye" "gulam" ". livers", rajdroh ("trayson") koo "ferrier, aitt ll 'aine ney voee paas leey cop venir" (ghaav [kissy koo], aur jaba jhataka aatey hue naheen dekhaa jaa sakata thaa) key roop mein paribhaashit karke, sabhi crossboman koo deshdrohi ghoshit curr diyaa, kyonki koee bhee unake praharon koo aatey hue naheen dekh sakata thaa. livers" ney yaun apraadhon key prati madhyayugeen kanuni drishtikon key baare mein vidvaanon koo anoothi antardrishti pradaan kii haye. yeh veshyaon key liye sajaa naheen detaa haye, unhein cannon kaanoon key anusaar samaaj mein phir seey ekikrit karna pasand kartaa haye. haalaanki, yeh "makerel days fame" (khariddar) aur ack veshyalaya ("bordellery") key malik kii sampatti key nirvaasan aur zabt karane kaa nirdesh detaa haye. yeh purush samalaingikta key liye dund kaa bhee varnan kartaa haye aur samalaingikta key liye dund kaa varnan karane vaalaa pahala gyaat kaary haye. pahale aparaadh parr purush sodomite koo napunsak banaaya jaanaa thaa, dusare parr tukade kiye gaye they, aur teesare parr jeevit jalaa diyaa gayaa thaa. samlaingik aparaadhi koo pahale dou apraadhon mein vikhandit kiya jaanaa thaa (halanki dou "sadasyon" koo kaat diyaa jaanaa thaa, yeh anishchit haye) aur teesare parr usey jinda jalaa diyaa gayaa. unakaa saaraa maal mukut mein jamaa hoe gayaa.

jeevana mattu jeevana ("nyaya mattu manavigala pustaka") hadimoorane shatamaanada madhyabhaagadalli orleans shaleya post glosatorgalu sangrahisida haleya french kaanoonu granthavaagide. idu cannon kaanoonu (visheshavaagi gregori Ixnaa dikritalgalu), roman kaanoonu (visheshavaagi "digest"), orleanisena saampradaayika kaanoonu mattu fransna capetian rajara shaasanagalinda prabhaavitavaagittu. idu purnagonda kelasada arthavannu hondilla, "korate" yannu hondide mattu svalpamattige avyavastheyagide, bahushah idu orleans vishvavidyaalayada vidyaarthiya kelasavaagide. livres" naa modala pustakavu "digest" naa modala mooru pyaaraagala uchita anuvaadavaagide. idu "coutoomier" (saampradaayika kaanoonina sankalana) alla mattu adhu ullekhisuva hecchina saampradaayika kaanoonu orliyansge simitavagide. idu punarutpaadisuva rajamanetanada krutyagalalli 1254rahra saint louisna ondu krutiyoo seride, idaralli nyaayaadhishanaagi chithrisalaada rajanu tannannu taanu shanti mattu avana ulida prajegala rakshakanendu ghoshisikolluttaaneh "nose deserence deey laa dette deey laa real poeste laa pez ett leey respouse deey nose sojaij". livres" phillip dhii fairna nantarada shaasanada mele prabhaava birirabahudu. udaaharanegalu. jameenina kaanoonige sambandhisidante, dukegalu, kountgalu, viscountgalu mattu byaarangalu ellaroo tamma bhoomiyannu paraspara hiditadallirisikollabahude "livres" heluttade. livres" saha "laa bohn decise dii droit dess personsa, dess gens, est telly kyoo toat homes athawa ill sont fraank athawa surf" endu heluttadeh "vyaktigala kaanoonina uttama vibhajaneyendare ellah purusharu svatantraru athawa gulamaragiddare."ee kaanoonu" "digest" "annu aadhariside aadare madhyakaalina lekhakaru" "surf" "endu anuvaadisuva" "servi" "emba padada arthavu" "gulama" "endaagide". livres", deshadrohavannu ("trison") "ferrier, ett ell 'enn neey voyi paas leey cop venir" ([yaarannaadaru] gaayagolisuvudu, mattu hodetavu baruvudu kanadiddaga) endu vyaakhyaanisuva moolaka, ellah adda billugaararannu deshadrohigalu endu ghoshisidaru, ekendare avara hodetagalu baruttiruvudannu yaaroo nodalagalilla. livres" vu laingika aparadhagala bagge madhyakaalina kaanoonu vartanegala bagge vidvaamsarige vishishta olanotavannu odagiside. idu veshyeyarige siksheyannu vidhisuvudilla, cannon kaanoonina prakara avarannu samajadalli marusamyojisalu aadyate niiduttade. aadaagyoo, idu "mcverell dess fems" (kharididaara) mattu veshyagruhada ("bordelery") malikara aastiyannu gadiparu maadalu mattu muttugolu haakalu soochisuttade. idu purusha salingakaamada dandanegalannoo saha vivarisuttade mattu salingakaamada dandanegalannoo vivarisuva modala krutiyagide. modala aparaadhadalli gandu sodomiteannu beejaka haakabeku, eradaneyadara mele tundugalannu kattarisabeku mattu mooraneyadara mele jivantavagi sudalaaguttade. salingakami aparaadhiyannu modala eradu aparadhagalalli berpadisabekagittu (aadaagyoo nikharavaagi yaava ibbaru "sadasyarannu" berpadisabekembudu anishchitavaagide) mattu mooraneyadaralli jivantavagi sudalaayitu. avara ellah sarakugalu kireetakke serikondavu.

jeevithavum jeevithavum pathimoonnaam noottaandinte madhyathil oorliyans skoolile poost glosettarmaar samaaharicha oru pazhaya franch niyama grandhamaanu ("neethiyum harjikalum"). canon niyamam (prathyekichu gregory Ix-nte decretalukal), roman niyamam (prathyekichu "daijast"), oorliyaanaayisile parambaraagatha niyamam, fraansile keppashyan rajaakkanmaarude niyamanirmmanam enniva ithine swaadheenichu. orupakshe oorliyans sarvakalaashaalayile oru vidyaarthiyude srishtiyaayathinaal ithinu oru poortthiyaaya joliyude ardhamilla, "kurravukal" undu, oru paridhivare kramarahithamanu. daijast" ennathinte aadya moonnu khandikakal swathanthramaayi vivarthanam cheiyunnathaanu "livrus" ennathinte aadyapusthakam. ithu oru "kauttoomiyar" (parambaraagatha niyamatthinte samahaaram) allah, athu udharikkunna parambaraagatha niyamangalil bhooribhaagavum oorliyansil maathramaayi parimithappedutthiyirikku. 1254 muthal vishudha louisine prathinidheekarikkunna rajaavu samadhaanathinteyum thante mattu prajakaludeyum rakshaadhikaariyaayi svayam prakhyaapikkunna raajaavinte punarnirmmanangalil onnu vishudha louisaanu, "nose deserence dii laa dette dii laa riyal postte laa pess ettu leeii respose dii nose sojais". liverus" philipp melayude pilkkala niyamanirmmaanathe swaadheenichittundaakam. udaaharanagal. veedhikalude niyamathe sambandhichidatholam, rajakumaranmar, kaundukal, viscants, baaranukal ennivarkkellaam avarude bhoomi parasparam kaivashappeduthaan kazhiyumennu "livrez" parayunnu. livezhs" "laa boonn design dii droit dess pezhsanals, dess jenz, esttu telly kyu tott homes ooo ill soondu frank ooo serf" ennum prasthaavikkunnu "ellah manushyarum swathanthraro adimakaloo aanu vyakthikalude niyamatthinte nalla vibhajanam."eee niyamam" "daijast" "adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu, ennaal madhyakala ezhuthukaaran" "serf" "ennu vivarthanam cheiyunna" "servi" "enna vaakkinte ardham" "adima" "ennaanu". livezhs", raajyadrohathe ("traisan") "ferrir, ettu ell 'enn neey voyi paas leeii coop venir" ([aareyengilum] murivelpikkunnathinum, adii varunnath kaanaan kazhiyaathappol) ennu nirvachichukondu, ellah crosbovmenukaleyum raajyadrohikalaayi prakhyaapichu, kaaranam avarude praharangal varunnath arcum kaanaan kazhinjilla. laingika kuttakrithyangalodulla madhyakala niyamaparamaaya manobhaavangalekkurichu "livers" pandithanmaarkk savisheshamaaya ulkkaazhcha nalkiyittundu. veshyakalkk shiksha nalkaathe, canon niyamamanusarichu avare samoohavumaayi veendum samyojippikkaan ithu eshtappedunnu. ennirunnaalum, "macveral dess femms" (sambharanakkaaran), oru veshyaalayathinte ("bordelary") udama ennivarude swath naadukadatthaanum kandukettaanum ithu nirddeshikkunnu. purusha swavarggalaingikathaykkulla sikshakalekkurichum ithu vivarikkunnu, koodaathe lesbianisathinulla sikshakalekkurichum vivarikkunna aadyathe ariyappedunna kruthiyaanithu. aadya kuttakrithyatthil purusha sodomitine nakham vettukayum randaamathethu murichumaattukayum moonnaamathethu jeevanode kathikkukayum venam. lesbian kuttavaaliye aadyathe rund kuttakrithyangalil murichumaattendathaayirunu (rund "amgangale" krithyamaayi murichumaattendathu enthaanennu anishchithathvathilaanenkil) moonnaamathethil jeevanode kathichu. avarude ellah saadhanangalum kireedatthilekku shekharikkappettu.

samajache jeevan aanee itar goshti (nyay aanee yachikanche pustak) haah teravya shatkachya madhyat orleanschya shalechya postglosetardware sankalit kelela eka juna french kayadeshir grunth aahe. too cannon kayada (visheshtah gregory ix chey decretals), roman kayada (visheshtah 'digest'), orleanischa paramparik kayada aanee francechya capitian rajanchya kayadyane prabhavit hota. tyat purn jhalelya kamacha arth nahee, tyat "kamatarata" aahe aanee kahee pramanat avyavasthit aahe, bahudha orleans vidyapithachya vidyarthyache kaam aahe. liversche pahile pustak heey 'digest' chya pahilya teen parichhedanche vinamulya bhashantar aahe. too 'cotumier' (paramparik kayadyache sankalan) nahee aanee tyat uddhrut kelela bahutek paramparik kayada orleanspurta maryadit aahe. 1254 salchya sant louis yanchya punarutpadan kelelya shahee krutyanpaiki eka aahe, jyamadhye nyayadhish mhanoon chitrit raja swatahla shantatecha aanee tyachya urvarit prajecha snrakshak ghoshit karatoh 'nose deserrance day laa dett day laa real poste laa pays ett leey respos day nose sojiz'. livers' chaa phillip daad fairchya nantarchya kayadyavar prabhav padala asava. udaharane. jagiranchya kayadyachya sandarbhat, 'livre' mhanatat qee duke, count, viscount aanee barren heey serve tyanchi jameen ekmekanpasun tabyat thevu shakat hote. livers" asehi namood karate qee "laa booan device dii droit days personus, days genus, est telly kyu tooat homes kinwa ill sont phrank oo sarvaf": "serve purush ektar mukt kinwa gulam aahet heey vyaktinchya kayadyache changle vibhajan aahe."haah kayada" "digest" "varr aadharit aahe parantu madhyayugeen lekhakane jyacha anuvad" "gulam" "assa keela aahe tyaa 'seva' shabdacha arth 'gulam' assa aahe". livers" neey, deshdrohachi ("trayson") vyakhya "ferir, ett laal 'aine neey voee paas leey cop venir" (ekhadyala dukhavane aanee jevha fatka yetana disat navhata) ashee karoon, serve crossbomenna deshdrohi ghoshit kele, kaaran konihi tyanche fatake yetana pahoo shakat navhate. liversney laingik gunhyanvishayichya madhyayugeen kayadeshir drushtikonabaddal vidvananna adviteey antardrushti pradan kelee aahe. kayadyanusar tyanna samajat punha ekatra aananyas pradhanya dett, veshya yanna shiksha dett nahee. tathapi, tyat 'mackerell days famemes' (kharedidar) aanee veshyagruhachya ('bordellary') malakachi malmatta haddapar aanee japt karnyacha ullekh aahe. tyat purush samlaingikatesathichya shikshanchehi varnan kele aahe aanee lesbiyanvadasathichya shikshanche varnan karnare heey pahile dnyat karya aahe. pahilya gunhyat purush sodomiteche napunsakatva kele jayache, jayache tukade kele jayache aanee aanee gunhyat jiwant jaalale jayache. lesbian gunhegarala pahilya done gunhyanmadhye vichhedan karayache hote (jaree done 'sadasya' nemke kaay kapale jayache heey anishchit asale taree) aanee aanee gunhyat jiwant jaalale jayache. tyanchya serve vastoo mukutat jamaa jhalya.

libhs dii jostice ebong dii plate ("nyaaja ebong abedan pustaka") heuchhi eka puruna farasi aaingata granth jaahaa trayodasha shatabdir madhyabhagare () skula off orleancer postaglosetarmananka dwara sankalita . ehaa cannon ine (bisesh curry gregory ixer decretal), roman ine (bisesh curry "digest"), orleaniser prathagata ine ebong francer kptian rajamananka ine dwara prabhabita hoithila. ethire eka samapta karjyara artha naahin, "truti" achhi, ebong kichhi matrare bishrunkhalita, sambhabatah orleance biswabidyalajara jane chhatranka karjya . libhres" rahr pratham pustaka heuchhi "digest" rahr pratham tinoti anuchhedara eka magana anubada . ehaa eka "cutomeier" (prathagata einer sankalana) nuhen ebong ehaa ullekha karithiba adhikansha prathagata ine arlianamananka madhyare seemita . ehaa punarutpadana karuthiba rajkiah karjyagudika madhyare 1254 ru cent luisnka madhyaru jane, jeunthire raja bicharapati bhabare chitrita hoichhanti nijaku shantira abhibhabaka ebong tankara abasista praja ghoshana karantih "nose deserance dii laa dette dii laa real poeste laa pages ait leey respos dii nose sojij" . libhres" huet mellar parabarti aainaku prabhabita karithibe . udaharana. jami ine sambandhare, "libhres" kuhe je dick, count, viscount ebong barron samaste parasparatharu semanankara jami dhari rakhiparibe . libhres" madhya kahichhi je "laa bohn dii driet dee personess, dee gence, est telly kyu toat home oh eal sant phrank oh sarf": "byaktibisheshanka einer bhal bibhajan heuchhi je samasta purush mukta kimba daasa atanti ."ehi niam" "digest" "upare aadharita kintu" "sarbi" "shabdar artha jaahaa madhyajugeeja lekhaka" "sarf" "anubada karanti ehara artha heuchhi" "daasa" ". libhres", deshdroha ("trayson") ku "ferira, ait laal 'enn neey bhoi passes leey cop bhenir" ([kahaku] ahata kariba, ebong jetebele aaghata asuthiba dekhajainathila) bhabare byakhya curry, samasta krasabomenku deshdrohi bolly ghoshana karithile, kaaran kehi semanankara aaghata asuthiba dekhiparinathile . libhres" jouna aparadha prati madhyajugeeja aaingata abhimukhya bishajare bidwanamananku ananya antardrusti pradan karichhi . ehaa beshyanka paain danda pradan kare naahin, cannon ine anujai semananku samajare punah ekeekruta karibaku pasanda kare . tebe, ehaa "mackerel dee fames" (krajakaree) ebong eka beshyagarara ("boardelery") malikanka sampatti nirbasana ebong jabata karibaku nirdesh die. ehaa purush samalingeeta paain danda madhya barnana kare ebong lesbianism paain danda madhya barnana karuthiba pratham janashuna karjya . pratham aparadhare purush sodomaitnku napunsaka karajiba, dwiteejati khanda khanda heba ebong truteejati jibanta jalijiba thila . pratham duiti aparadhare lesbian aparadhinku khanda khanda karidiajibara thila (jadio dui john "sadasya" nku keunti kaati diajiba taaha anischita) ebong truteejati jibanta jaali diajaithila. semanankara samasta drabya mukutare jamaa hoithila.

zindagi daa samaan atey horr ("niaan atey patishanan dee pustak") ikk purana franch kanunni granth haii joe joe sadee dey addh witch school aaf orleans dey postglosatoran duaara sanklit keeta giaa see. ih cannon kanoon (vishesh taur 'teey gregory Ix dey decretal), roman kanoon (vishesh taur' teey "digest"), orleanice dey ravaiti kanoon atey france dey capacian rajiaan dey kanoon toon prabhavit see. iss witch ikk mukammal kamm dee bhavna naheen haii, "qamee" haii, atey kujh asangathit haii, sambhav taur 'teey orleans university dey ikk vidiaarthi daa kamm haii. livers" dee pahili kitaab "digest" dey pahile tinn paire daa ikk mufat anuvad haii. ih ikk "cottomeier" (ravaiti kanoon daa sangrah) naheen haii atey iss witch havala ditta giaa ziaadaatar ravaiti kanoon orleans takk seemat haii. iss duaara dubara pesh keete gaye shaahi kaarjan vicchon ikk 1254 toon cent luis daa haii, jiss witch jajj vajon darsaae gaye raaje neey aapne aap noon shanti atey aapni baaki prajavan daa sarprast ghoshit keeta haiyav "nose deserance dee laa dett dee laa real post laa pej aett leey rispas dee nose sojij". livers" neey shayed philip melle dey baad dey kanoon noon prabhavat keeta hovega. udaharnan. jagir dey kanoon dey sambandh witch, "livers" kahinda haii kii diook, ginti, viscount atey bairan saare aapni zameen noon ikk dooje toon aapne cole rakkh sakde hunn. livers" ih vee kahinda haii kii "laa bohn devise dee droit days persons, days genus, aist telly kii tott homes ou ill saunt frank ou saraf": "viaktiaan dey kanoon dee changi vandd ih haii kii saare aadmi jaan taan aazaad hunn jaan gulam hunn."ih kanoon" "digest" "utte adharat haii parr madhkali lekhak duaara anuvad keete gaye" "saraf" "shabad daa arth" "gulam" "haii. livers", deshdhroh ("trasson") noon "ferrier, aett ll 'ainn neey voee paas leey cope venir" ([kise noon] zakhmi curran laee, atey jadon jhatka naheen aaa riha see) vajon paribhashit karke, saare crossboman noon gaddaar ghoshit keeta, kiunki koee vee unhan dey hamle aaunde naheen vekh sakda see. livers" neey vidvanan noon jinsi apradhan pratee madhkali kanunni ravaiye baare vilakkhan samajh pardan keeti haii. ih vesvavan laee sazaa naheen dinda, uhanan noon kanoon anusar samaaj witch mudd shamal karna pasand karda haii. halanki, ih "macrell days fames" (khariddar) atey ikk veshwaghar ("bordeliri") dey maalak dee jaidad noon desh nikala atey zabat curran daa nirdesh dinda haii. ih marad samlingta laee jurmane daa vee varnan karda haii atey lesbianwad laee jurmane daa varnan curran vaala pahila janhiaa jaanda kamm haii. pahile apradh utte marad sodomite noon suttiaa jaanha see, dooje utte tukde keete jaane sunn, atey teeje utte jinda saad ditta jaanha see. lesbian apradhi noon pahile doou apradhan witch vandiaa jaanha see (halanki doou "memberan" noon kiss tarahan kattiaa jaanha see, ih anishchit haii) atey teeje noon zinda saad ditta giaa. uhanan daa saara samaan taaj witch jamhan hoow giaa.

jeevanam tathaa jeevanam ("nyayasya tathaa yachanayaha pustakam") trimshatishataabdyaah madhyabhaage orleans-vidyaalayasya postglocetors ityanena sankalitah ekaha puratanah french-vidhi-granthah asti. ayam kenan-vidhinaa (visheshatah gregory-ix ityasya decretals), roman-vidhinaa (visheshatah "dagest"), orleanais-ityasya prathaagata-vidhinaa, france-deshasya capitian-rajanam vidhinaa cha prabhaawitah aasit. tasya samaaptakarmasy bhaawah naasti, "nyunata" asti, api cha kadaachit orleans-vishvavidyaalayasya chaatrasya kaaryam iti karanat kinchitkalam avyavasthitam asti. livers" ityasya prathamam pustakam "dagest" ityasya prathamatraym anucchedam nihshulkam anuvaaditam asti. etat "coutoomiyar" (prathaagatavidhim sangruhitam) naa asti, tathaa cha tasya ullekhah praayah prathaagatavidhih orleans-janeshu eva seemitah asti. 1254 tame varshe, raajnah punarutpaadanam sent-louis ityasya rajakarmanam madhye anyatam asti, yasmin raja nyayadhishaha iti chitritah, shaanteh, swasya sheshasya prajanam cha rakshaka iti ghoshitah asti-"nose deserrance dey laa dette dey laa real poste laa page ett leey respouse dey nose sojaij" iti. liveres" iteedam phillip-da-ferr ityasya pashchat vidhaanam prabhaavayat syaat. udaaharanaani. jagiranam niyamasya vishaye, "liveres" ityeshaa vadati yat dukes, counts, wisconts, byaarans ityete sarve parasparm swabhoomim dhaarayitum shaknuvanti iti. livers" iti api vadati yat "laa bone-dee-dee-droyit-dey-personance, dey-gens, est-telly-kyoo tott-homes o-ill-sont-fraank-o-surf" iti "vyakti-niyamasya uttamavibhaajanam asti yat sarve purushaah swatantraah dasaha vaa santi."ayam vidhihi" dagest "iti vishaye aadhrutah asti, parantu madhyayugeen-lekhakah" surf "iti anuvaadam kurvan" sarvee "iti shabdasya arthah" daasah "iti asti. livers" iti "rajadroham (" trayson ") iti vyaakhyaam krutvaa" ferir, ett ell 'enn ney voyee paas leey kopa venir "(kshatam, yadaa prahaarah naa drushyate) iti ghoshayan, sarve crossbomen-janaah deshadrohi iti ghoshayan, yatah teshaam praharaha aagacchan iti naa kenaapi drashtum shaknoti sma. livers" iti samsthaa, yaunaanga-aparaadhavishaye madhyayugeen-vidhi-manovruttim vishaye vidvaamsaan vishishtam antardrushtim pradadat. tena veshyaanaam dandah naa nirdhaaritah, kenan-vidhinaa anugunam taan samaaje punah ekeekrutum cha pradhanyam adadaati. parantu, "maakerel dey fames" (kretaa) ityasya, veshyaalayasya ("bordelary") swami cha sampattih nirvaasanam, japtee cha iti saha nirdeshayati. etat purusha-samalingeekaranasy dandasya varnanam api karoti, tathaa cha lesbianism ityasya dandasya varnanam kartum prathamam dnyaatam krutim asti. prathama-aparaadhe purusha-sodomat-ityasya napumsakatvam, dwiteeye khanditasya, truteeye cha jeevatah dagdhasya kartavyam aasit. lesbian-aparadhi prathamadwaye aparaadheshu vikhanditah bhavitum arhati (yadyapi "sadasyadwaye" kasmin vicchedanam kartavyam iti anishchitam asti) tathaa truteeye dine jeevatah dagdhah. teshaam sarvaani vastooni mukutam prati sampaadyanta.

vaazhkkai mattrum vaazhkkai ("neethi mattrum manukkalin puththagam") enbathu pathinmoondraam noottraandin naduppaguthiyil oorleens palliyin pinththaiya prakaasagaraal thogukkappatta oru pazhaiya pirenchu sattak katturaiyaagum. idhu niyathich sattam (kurippaaga gregory ix inn maraimugangkal), romanian sattam (kurippaaga "digest"), oorlaenaaisin valakkamaana sattam mattrum brancin captian mannargalin sattam aagiyavattraal paathikkappattathu. idhu oru mudikappatta vaelai endra unarvaik kondirukkavillai, "kuraipaadugalaik" kondullathu, maelum oralavu ozhungkattrathu, idhu oorleens palkalaikkazhagaththin oru maanavarin vaelaiyaaka irukkalaam. livrez" inn muthal puththagam "digest" inn muthal moontru paththigalin ilavasa mozhipeyarppaagum. idhu oru "aadai vadivamaippaalar" (valakkamaana sattaththin thoguppu) alla, maelum adhu maerkoal kaattum perumpaalaana valakkamaana sattam oorleengalukku mattumae. 1254 aam aandilirunthu saint louisil oru arasach seyalil, athil mannar neethipathiyaaga siththarikkappattu amaithi mattrum avarathu kudimakkal mattravargalin paathukaavalaraaka thannai arivikkiraar "nose deserence dii laa dede dii laa riyal poeste laa bess edd leeii respus dii nose sojais". livrez" enbathu pilip kankaatchiyin pirkaalach sattaththil thaakkatthai aerpaduththiyirukkalaam. uthaaranangkal. nilangkalin sattaththai porutthavarai, ilavarasargal, ennikkaikal, wiscounds mattrum paarangal anaivarum thangal nilatthai oruvarukkoruvar vaiththiruka mudiyum endru "livrez" koorukirathu. livers" maelum koorukirathu, "laa elumbu divishise dii troit tess paersanas, tess jens, est delly kyuu toad hoams ooo ill sont frank ooo yuu survef": "nabarkalin sattaththin nalla pirivu ennaventraal, anaitthu aangalum suthanthiramaaga allathu adimaiththanamaaga ullanar."inththa sattam" "digest" "aii adippadaiyaagak kondadhu, aanaal idaikkaala ezhuththaalar" "safe" "endru mozhipeyarkkum" "sarvi" "endra vaarthaiyin porul" "adimai" "endru porulpadum". livrez", thaesaththuroagaththai ("trayson") "ferrier, edd ell 'enn nae voai baas lae kaap venir" ([oruvarai] kaayappaduththuvathu, mattrum addii varuvathaik kaana mudiyaathapoathu) endru varaiyaruppathan moolam, anaitthu kurukkuk koottaaligalin adigalaiyum yaarum paarkka mudiyaathathaal, avarkal thuroagigal endru ariviththanar. livrez" paaliyal kuttrangal kuriththa idaikkaala satta anugumuraigal kuriththa thaniththuvamaana nunnarivai arinyarkalukku valangkiyullathu. idhu vibachchaarigalukku thandanaiyai valangkuvathillai, maelum avarkalai sattappadi samoogaththil meendum orunginaikka virumbukirathu. iruppinum, "mackerell tess fems" (kolmudhal seibavar) mattrum vibachaara viduthiyin urimaiyaalar ("portelli") aagiyoarin sothukkalai naadu kadaththavum parimuthal seiyavum idhu parinthuraikkirathu. idhu aann orinachchaerkkaikku abaraathangkalaiyum vivarikkirathu, maelum lespionisaththirkaana thandanaigalaiyum vivarikkum muthal ariyapatta padaippaagum. muthal kuttraththil aann sodomite nabikkuzhaai agattrappada vaendum, irandaavathu thundugalaaga thundikkappada vaendum, moontraavathu uyirudan erikkappada vaendum. lespian kuttravaali muthal irandu kuttrangalil thundikkappada vaendum (irandu "uruppinarkal" vettappada vaendum enbathu sariyaagath theriyavillai entraalum) moontraavathu kuttraththil uyirudan erikkappattaar. avarkalin porutkal anaiththum kireedaththirkuch serugappattana.

jeevitaantam mariyu itara vishayaala gurinchi ("dhi book off justice und please") padamuudava sataabdam madhyalo orleans paatasaala post glosatorlu sankalanam chesina paatha french chattaparamaina grandham. idhi connon chattam (mukhyamgaa gregori Ix yokka decretals), roman chattam (mukhyamgaa "digest"), orleanis yokka aachara chattam mariyu france yokka capitian raajula chattam dwara prabhaavitamaindi. idhi puurtayina pani anae bhavanni kaligi undadu, "lopaalu" kaligi untundi mariyu kontavaraku avyavastheekrutamgaa untundi, bahusha orleans vishwavidyaalayam yokka vidyaarthi yokka pani kaavacchu. livres" yokka modati pustakam "digest" yokka modati moodu paeraala uchita anuvaadam. idhi "coutoomier" (aachaarabaddhamaina chattam yokka sankalanam) kaadu mariyu idhi udaharinchina aachaarabaddhamaina chattam chaalaa varaku orliyanlaku matrame parimitam cheyabadindi. idhi punarutpatti chese raaja charyalalo 1254 nundi seyint louislo okati, dheenilo nyayamurthiga chithreekarinchabadina raaju tananu taanu shanti mariyu athani migilina prajalaku samrakshakudigaa prakatinchukunnaduh "nose deserence dii laa dette dii laa real poste laa pez ett leey respus dii nose sojaij". livres" phillip dhi fair yokka taruvaati chattanni prabhaavitam chesi undavacchu. udaaharanalu. dhi laa off fifsku sambandhinchi, dukes, counts, wiscounts mariyu barrence andaruu tama bhoomini okadaanikokati dhooramgaa unchukogalarani "livres" perkondi. livres" kooda "laa bohn decise dii droit dess personses, dess gens, est teli kyuu toat homes oo ill sont fraank oo surf" anie perkondih "vyaktula chattam yokka manchi vibhajana emitante purushulandaruu swechchagaa ledhaa banisaluga untaaru."eee chattam" "digest" "paie aadharapadi untundi, conny madhyayuga rachayita" "serf" "anie anuvadinchina" "servi" "anae padaaniki ardham" "baanisa" "anie ardham". livres", rajadroham ("trison") nuu "ferrier, ett ell 'enn neey voy paas lae cop venir" (gayapadatam [evarinainaa], mariyu debba ravadam kanipinchanappudu) gaa nirvachinchadam dwara, cross bomenlandarini desadrohigaa prakatinchaaru, endukante vaari debbalu ravadam evaruu chudalekapoyaru. livres" laingika neeraalaku madhyayuga chattaparamaina vaikharulapai panditulaku pratyaekamaina antardrushtini andinchindi. idhi vaesyalaku sikshanu nirdesinchadu, connon chattaniki anugunamgaa vaarini samaajamlo tirigi vileenam cheyadaaniki ishtapadutundi. ayithe, idhi "mackerell dess fems" (konugoludaaru) mariyu vaesyaagruham ("bordeliri") yajamani yokka aastini bahishkarinchadam mariyu japthu cheyadaanni suuchistumdi. idhi purusha swalinga samparkaaniki jarimaanaalanu kooda vivaristundi mariyu lesbianisanku kooda jarimaanaalanu vivarinche modati rachana. modati nerampai maga sodomitenu napumsakatvaaniki guricheyali, rendavadi mukkalu mukkaluga cheyabadutundi mariyu moodavadi sajeevamgaa kaalchiveyabadutundi. lesbian nerasthudini modati rendu neeraalapai mukkalu mukkaluga chesi, moodavadi sajeevamgaa kalchiveyavalasi untundi (ayithe iddaru "sabhyulanu" sarigga kattirinchaalanedi anischitam). vaari vastuvulannee kiriitaaniki cheraayi.

zindagi aur zindagi ("insaaf aur altajaon kii kitaab") eek praana francisi qanuni maqalah hay jasay teerhawein sadee kay wast mein school aaf orleans kay post glocetors nay martab kiyaa thaa. yaha cannon qanoon (khaas toor parr gregori Ix kay decretals)yee roman qanoon (khaas toor parr "digest")yee aurlinai kay rawayati qanoon aur france kay capitine baadshahon kay qanoon saazi say mutasir thaa. iss mein makmal kaam kaa ahsaas nahein hay iss mein "khaamiyan" haine aur yaha kasee hadd takk ghair manzam hay mamkanah toor parr yaha university aaf orleans kay eek taalib alam kaa kaam hay. leures" kii pehli kitaab "digest" kay pehley teen paragraph kaa mufta tarjumah hay. yaha "cotomayer" (rawayati qanoon kii taleef) nahein hay aur iss mein mazkur ziyadah tarr rawayati qanoon orleans takk mahdud hay. iss kay zariye dobarah paish kiye jaanay waalay shaahi aamaal mein say eek 1254 kay sent lois kaa hay jiss mein baadshah kuu jajj kay toor parr dikhaya gayaa hay wah khood kuu aman aur apnee baaqi riaya kaa sarparast qaraar deeta hay: "noos ddeziran ddee laa dditay ddee laa riyal poostay laa paiz aett lee raspos ddee noos sojeez". how saktaa hay kahh "laverse" nay flip melay kay baad kay qanoon saazi kuu mutasir kiyaa how. misalein. jagiron kay qanoon kay hawalay say "laverse" kaa kehna hay kahh ddiok counts vescounts aur baroon sabb eek dosray say apnee zameen apnay paas rakh saktay haine. leures" mein yaha bhee kahaa gayaa hay kahh "laa boone devise ddee driet ddais persons ddais jainz aist teeli kiyo tuu tuu homes awo ill sont frank awo sarwaraf": "afraad kay qanoon kii achhi taqsim yaha hay kahh tamaam mard yaa tuu aazaad haine yaa ghalaam haine."yaha qanoon" "digest" "parr mubni hay leakin lafz" "sarwi" "kay maanee jiss kaa qaroon wastee kay masnaf nay tarjumah kiyaa hay" "sarf" "kaa matlab hay" "ghalaam" ". laverse"yee ghadari ("tracen") kii tareef "ferrer aett eel aine nee woyee paas lee cope veneer" ([kasee kuu] zakhmi karnaa aur jabb dhachka aatay hoay nahein dekha jaa saktaa thaa) kay toor parr kartay huay tamaam karaas bow meen kuu ghadaar qaraar diyaa keunkah koyee bhee inn kay dhakay aatay nahein deekh saktaa thaa. leures" nay scholars kuu jansi jaraim kay baaray mein qaroon wastee kay qanuni raviyon kay baaray mein manfard basirat farahim kii hay. yaha tawaifon kay liye sazaa kaa tayeen nahein kartaa cannon qanoon kay mutabiq inhein muashiray mein dobarah zam karnay kuu tarjih deeta hay. tahim yaha "macreal ddais femz" (kharidar) aur kothay kay maalik ("bordlery") kii jayedad kii jalawatni aur zabt kaa tayeen kartaa hay. yaha mard humm jans parasti kay liye sazaon kii bhee wazahat kartaa hay aur humm jans parasti kay liye sazaon kuu bhee biyaan karnay waala pehla maruf kaam hay. pehley jarm parr mard sodomite kuu cast kiyaa jaana thaa dosray parr takday takday kiye jaanay thay aur teesre parr zindah jalaa diyaa gayaa thaa. humm jans parsat mujaram kuu pehley duu jaraim parr takday takday kiyaa jaana thaa (halankah balkal wahee juu duu "arakeen" kuu kaatna thaa wah ghair yaqeeni hay) aur teesre parr zindah jalaa diyaa gayaa. inn kaa tamaam saamaan taaj mein jamaa how gayaa.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61703322

Malaeloa/Aitulagi, American Samoa

Malaeloa/Aitulagi, American Samoa Malaeloa/Aitulagi is a village in American Samoa. The neighboring village to the south is Malaeloa/Ituau. Malaeloa/Aitulagi had a population of 698 in 2010. Malaeloa/Aitulagi has a weather station. The highest and lowest recorded temperatures in American Samoa were recorded in Malaeloa/Aitulagi: 99 °F (37.2 °C) on April 27, 1972, and 53 °F (11.6 °C) on March 28, 1962. (The high record is tied with a record at Pago Pago International Airport). References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

maleluwa/aitulagi, aamerikan xamuwa maleluwa/aitulagi aamerikar xamuwar ekhon gaau. dokhyinor suburiya gaukhon hoise maleluwa/itau. 2010 sonot maleluwa/aitulagir jonoxongkhya aasil 698 john. maleluwa/aitulagit etaa botor kendro aase. aamerikar samuwat xorbuscho aaru xorbonimno tapmatra 1972 sonor 27 aprilot maleluwa/aitulagit 99° fahrenheit (37.2° celsius) aaru 1962 sonor 28 marchot 53° fahrenheit (11.6° celsius) record koraa hoisil. (uscho obhilekhtu paagu paagu antohrastriyo bimanbondorot ek obhilekhor xoite xongzukto).

maleloa/aitulagi, american samoa maleloa/aitulagi markin samoire ekti grama. dakkhine parshoborti gramti holl maleloa/ituau. 2010 saale maleloa/aitulagi shohorer jonosongkha holl 698 john. maleloa/aitulagite ekti abhawa kendra royeche. american samoate sorbochcho ebong sorbonimno record koraa tapmatra record koraa hoyechilo maleloa/aitulagite 27shhey april, 1972-ayee 99 degree fahrenheit (37.2 degree celsius) ebong 28shhey march, 1962-ayee 53 degree fahrenheit (11.6 degree celsius). (uchcho recordti pago pago antorjatik bimanbandare ekti recorder saathe jukto).

maleloa/etulaagi, american samoa maleloa/etulaagi aee american samoaama aavelu aek gaam chhe. dakshinma padoshi gaam maleloa/etuau chhe. chhe maleloa/aetulaagini vastee 698 hatee. maleloa/aetulaagimaa havaman kendra chhe. american samoaama sauthee vadhu aneey sauthee ochhu nondhaayelu taapmaan 27 april, april roj maleloa/aetulaagimaa 99°pha (37.2°see) aneey 28 march, march roj 53°pha (11.6°see) nondhayu hatoo. (uchch vikram paago paago aantarrashtriy hawaimathak parr vikram saathe bandhaayelo chhe).

maleloa/etulaagi, americi samoa maleloa/etulaagi americi samoa kaa ack gaanv haye. dakshin mein padosi gaanv maleloa/ituau haye. 2010 mein maleloa/etulaagi kii aabaadi 698 thee. maleloa/etulaagi mein ack mausam kendra haye. americi samoa mein uchchatam aur sabse cumm darj kiya gayaa tapman maleloa/etulaagi mein darj kiya gayaa thaah 27 aprail, 1972 koo 99 degree fahrenheit (37.2 degree celsius) aur 28 march, 1962 koo 53 degree fahrenheit (11.6 degree celsius). (uchch record pago pago antarrashtriya havaai adde parr ack record key saath bandha huaa haye).

malelova/aitulaagi, american samova malelova/aitulaagi americada samovaada ondu graamavaagide. dakshinakke nereya gramavendare malelova/itou. 2010ralli malelova/aitulagi janasankhyeyu 698 aagittu. malelova/aitulagi havamana kendravannu hondide. americada samovaadalli daakhalaada athi hecchu mattu kadime taapamaanavu 1972rahra april 27randu malelova/aitulaagiyalli 99°eff (37.2°sii) mattu 1962rahra march 28randu 53°eff (11.6°sii) daakhalaagittu. (hecchina daakhaleyu pago pago antaaraashtriya vimaana nildaanadalli daakhaleyondige samanagiruttade).

malelova/aittulaagi, american samova american samovayile oru graamamaan malelova/aittulaagi. thekk bhaagathulla ayal graamam malelova/ittuvaavu aanu. 2010ll malelova/aittulaagi janasamkhya 698 aayirunnu. malelova/itulaagikku oru kalavastha kendram undu. american samovayil rekhappeduthiya ettavum uyarnnathum thaazhnnathumaaya thaapanila 1972 epril 27 nuu malelova/aittulaagiyilum 1962 march 28 nuu 53 digri fahrenheatilum (11.6 digri selshyas) rekhappeduthi.

maleloa/etulagi, american samoa maleloa/etulagi heey american samoaamadhil eka gaav aahe. dakshinekadil shejaril gaav maleloa/ituaau aahe. 2010 saalee maleloa/etulagichi loksankhya 698 hotee. maleloa/etulagi yethe hawaman kendra aahe. american samoaamadhye sarvadhik aanee sarvat qamee nondavalele tapman maleloa/etulagimadhye nondavale geleh 27 april 1972 roji 99° fahrenheit (37.2°seey.) aanee 28 march 1962 roji 53° fahrenheit (11.6°seey.). (uchch vikram pago pago aantarrashtriy vimantalavaril vikramashi jodalela aahe).

maleloa/etulagi, americi samoa maleloa/etulagi americi samoako euta gaaun how. dakshinma chhimeki gaaun maleloa/ituau how. sann 2010 maa maleloa/etulagiko janasankhya 698 thiyo. maleloa/etulagima euta mausam kendra chha. americi samowama uchchatam rar sabaibhanda cum record garieko tapman maleloa/etulagima april 27,1972 maa 99 degree fahrenheit (37.2 degree celcius) rar march 28,1962 maa 53 degree fahrenheit (11.6 degree celcius) record garieko thiyo. (uccha record pago pago antarrashtriya airportma recordsanga jodieko chha).

maleloa/aitulagi, americae samoa maleloa/aitulagi heuchhi americae samoara eka gramm. dakhinare padoshi gramm heuchhi maleloa/etuau . 2010 masihare maleloa/aaitulaginka janasankhya 698 thila. maleloa/aitulagi thaare eka panipaga kendra rahichhi. americae samoare sarbadhika ebong sarbanimna record karajaithiba tapmatra maleloa/aitulagire record karajaithilaha april 27,1972 ray 99 °F (37.2 °C), ebong march 28,1962 ray 53 °F (11.6 °C). (uccha record pago pago antarjatija bimanabandarare eka record sahita sanjukta)

maleloa/etulagi, amriki samoa maleloa/etulagi amriki samoa daa ikk pind haii. dakkhan witch guandhi pind maleloa/ituaau haii. 2010 witch maleloa/etulagi dee aabadi 698 see. maleloa/aitulagi witch ikk mausam station haii. amriki samoa witch sabh toon vaddh atey sabh toon ghatt daraj keeta giaa tapman 27 aprail, 1972 noon maleloa/etulagi witch 99 ° fahrenheit (37.2 °C) atey 28 march, 1962 noon 53 ° fahrenheit (11.6 °C) daraj keeta giaa see.

malelova/etulaagee, american samovaa malelova/aitulaagee iti amerikaadeshasy samovaa-pradeshasya ekaha graamah asti. dakshinadishi sameepastham gramam malelova/itau iti asti. 2010 tame varshe malelova/aitulaagee ityasya janasankhyaa 698 aasit. malelova/aitulagee ityatra vaayugunakendram asti. amerikaadeshasy samovaa-deshe sarvaadhikam nyunatamam cha abhilekhitam taapamaanam malelova/etulaagee-nagare 1972 april 27 dinaanke 99 fahreirenheit (37.2 mase.), 1962 maarch 28 dinaanke 53 fahreirenheit (11.6 mase.) iti abhilekhitam aasit. (uccha-abhilekhanam paago paago-antarashtriya-vimanasthanakasya abhilekhanam saha samabandhitam asti).

malelova/aithulaagi, american samova malelova/aithulaagi enbathu america samovaavil ulla oru kiraamamaagum. therkae ulla andai gramam malelova/ittuvaav aagum. 2010 aam aandil malelova/aithulaagi makkal thogai 698 aaga irunththathu. malelova/aithulaagi oru vaanilai nilaiyatthaik kondullathu. america samovaavil miga uyarnththa mattrum migak kuraindha veppanilai pathivu seyyappattathu malelova/aithulaagiyil aepral 27,1972 andru 99 ° eff (37.2 ° chii), mattrum maarch 28,1962 andru 53 ° eff (11.6 ° chii). (adhiga saathanai bago bago sarvadesa vimaana nilaiyaththil oru saathanaiyudan inaikkappattullathu).

malelova/aitulaagi, american samova malelova/aitulaagi anedi american samova looni oka graamam. dakshinaana poruguna unna graamam malelova/itou. 2010loe malelova/aitulaagi janabha 698gaa undhi. malelova/aitulagilo vaataavarana kendram undhi. american samovalo atyadhika mariyu atyalpa namodaina ushnogratalu 1972 april 27naa malelova/aitulagilo 99°eff (37.2°sii), mariyu 1962 marchi 28naa 53°eff (11.6°sii) gaa namodu cheyabaddaayi. (pago pago antarjaateeya vimaanaasrayamloo atyadhika rikaardu rikaardutoe mudipadi undhi).

milayalwa/attolgi americi samwa milayalwa/attolgi americi samwa kaa eek gaaon hay. janub mein padosi gaaon milayalwa/atwao hay. 2010 mein milayalwa/aaitolaagi kii aabadi 698 thee. milayalwa/aaitolaagi mein eek mosami markaz hay. americi samowa mein sabb say ziyadah aur sabb say kumm record shadah darjah hararat milayalwa/attolgi mein record kiyaa gayaa: 27 apreel 1972 kuu 99 digri faarin hight (37.2 digri celsis)yee aur 28 maarch 1962 kuu 53 digri faarin hight (11.6 digri celsis). (aalee record paago paago beenn alaqwami hawai aday parr record kay saath mansalk hay).

fffce8d080e6de3ca64be473d9cdaf758aceae0a07167b48f8dfb471bdd868e3

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39226424

Collix hypospilata

Collix hypospilata Species of moth Collix hypospilata is a moth in the family Geometridae. It was described by Achille Guenée in 1857. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. Description. Its wingspan is about . Palpi with the second joint reaching far beyond the frontal tuft. Mid tibia of male very much dilated and with a deep groove. Abdomen long, with a large anal tuft. The male is dark fuscous with a slight purplish tinge. Wings with numerous indistinct waved black lines. Forewings with a prominent discocellulars boss of raised scales. The veins speckled with pale brown between waved lines. Hindwings with small discocellular spots. Both wings with submarginal series of pale brown specks and a black marginal line interrupted by pale specks at the vein. Ventral side fuscous brown. Both wings with very prominent black cell-spot, less prominent curved postmedial band. There is a prominent submarginal black spot series. A spot found between vein 3 and 4 absent. Female often with brownish ground color or with brown patches in the cell of forewings and forming an obscure postmedial band to both wings. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

collics hype "spilata collics hype "spileta hoise jyamiti poriyalor etaa potongo. 1857 sonot aasile gueniye iyak bornona korisil. ee srilongkar sthaniyo. bornona. iyar wingspen pray. dwitiyo gaathir xoite palpi xonmukhor toftor bahiroloi yaay. puruxor modhyo tibia oti bohol aaru etaa gobhir khaajor xoite. pett dighol, etaa dangor moldwaror toftor xoite. puruxtu olop porischod rongor xoite gaarh rongor hoy. oxongkhyo osposto koo 'laa rekhar xoite wing. uporor faale etaa bixisto disk "chelular cho" sor xoite ukh scale. xiraburot uluwa rekhar maajot paatol badami rongor daag thaake. xoru disk "chelular spot thoka pisfalor daana. duyuta daanar upo-marginal sringkholat paatol badami rongor speck aaru etaa koo 'laa prantik rekhar xoite xirat paatol spekor dwara bighnito hoy. ventrail side fusosos braun. duyuta wing oti bixisto koo 'laa kux-spotor xoite, komm bixisto bokro postmedial bendo. iyat etaa bixisto upo-marginal black spot sringkhola aase. 3 aaru 4 ror xirar maajot etaa spot onuposthito puwa yaay. mohilar praye badami maatir rong baa aagfalor kuxot badami daag thaake aaru duyu pakhat ek osposto postmedial bendo gothon kore.

collix hypospilata collix hypospilata holl jyamiti poribarer ekti moth. 1857 saale ackill gueni dwara etty bornona koraa hoyechilo. etty srilankar sthaniya. bornona. err danna pray. dwitiya joyenter saathe palpi samoner tufter baire onek doore pouche yaay. purusher modhyo tibia khub prosarito ebong ekti govir khanj soho. ekti borh payupathar soho pett lomba. purushti halka beguni ronger saathe gaadh fola ronger hoy. asankhya osposhto kaalo rekha soho danna. unchu scaler bishishto discosellular boss soho samoner danaguli. ddheu koraa rekhar modhye facushey badami ronger shiraguli thaake. chhoto discosellular daag soho pichoner danaguli. ubhoy danna facushey badami dager upo-prantik sirij ebong ekti kaalo prantik rekha shiray facushey daag dwara bighnito hoy. ventral side vascus braun. khub bishishto kaalo kosh-daag soho ubhoy danna, qama bishishto banka postmedia banned. ekti bishishto submerginal black spott sirij royeche. 3 ebong 4 shirar modhye onuposthito ekti sthan pawa yaay. mohila prayashai badami ronger mutty baa samoner danagulir koshe badami pyacha soho ebong ubhoy dunney ekti osposhto postmedial banned gathon korey.

collix hypospilata collix hypospilata aee geometridae kutumbamaa aek shalabh chhe. chhe aechil guaeni dwara tenu varnan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. teey shrilankama sthaaneek chhe. varnan. tenee paankh lagbhag chhe. beeja saandha saathe palpi aagalnaa tuftthi door sudhee pahonche chhe. purushni madhya tibia khoob jaj vistrut aneey undee khaanch saathe. motaa gudaa tuft saathe, payt laambu. narr thodo jambali rung saathe shyaam rangno hoya chhe. asankhya aspasht kaalee rekhaao saatheni paankho. ubhaa bhingadaona agranee discosalular booas saathe aagalni paankho. laheraayelee rekhaao vachche nistej badaami rangnee naso hoya chhe. naana discosalular follio saathe paachhalni paankho. nistej badaami rangnaa speknee upmarginal shrenee saatheni banne paankho aneey nus parr nistej speek dwara kaalee seemant rekhaa vikshepit thaay chhe. ventral baaju fuscus braaun. banne paankho khoob jaj agranee kaalaa koshh-bindu saathe, ochhi agranee vakra poosta-medical benned. tyaan aek agranee submarginal black spota shrenee chhe. nus 3 aneey 4 vachche aek sthaan gerhaajar jovaa maley chhe. stree ghanivaar bhund rangnee athavaa aagalni pankhona koshamaa bhuro rangnaa pecho saathe aneey banne paankho parr aspasht postmedial benned banaave chhe.

collix hypospilata collix hypospilata, jyaamiti parivaar mein ack patang haye. iska varnan 1857 mein achile gueni dwara kiya gayaa thaa. yeh srilanka key liye sthaanik haye. varnan. isake pankh lagbhag hain. dusare jodd key saath palpi saamane key tuft seey bahut aage taka pahunchata haye. narr kaa madhya tibia bahut faila huaa aur ack gahari naali key saath. ack badey gudaa key saath pett lamba. narr halka baingani rung key saath gahara chamkila hotaa haye. kaee aspasht laharaati kaali rekhaaon key saath pankh. oopar uthaaye gaye taraju key ack pramukh discosalular boss key saath agrabhag. lahardaar rekhaaon key beach nason parr halke bhoore rung key dhabbe hotey hain. chhote discosellar dhabbon key saath peechhe kii or. donon pankhon mein halke bhoore rung key dhabbon kii upa-seemant shrinkhala aur ack kaali seemant rekha nus parr halke dhabbon dwara baadhit hoti haye. ventral side fuscus braun. donon pankhon mein bahut pramukh black cell-spott, cumm pramukh ghumaavdaar post-medical baind haye. ack pramukh upa-seemant black spott shrinkhala haye. nus 3 aur 4 key beach ack sthaan anupasthit paaya gayaa. maadaa aksar bhoore rung key bhoo-rung key saath yaa agra-pankhon kii koshika mein bhoore rung key dhabbon key saath aur donon pankhon key liye ack aspasht postmedial baind banaati haye.

colics hypospilata colics hypospilata embudu geometridae kutumbadalli ondu chitte. idannu 1857ralli achille gueni vivarisiddaane. idu srilankada sthaliyavaagide. vivarane. adara rekkegalu sumaru. eradane junty mumbhagada tudiyannu meeri talupuva palpi. purushana madhyada tbiavu tumba higgide mattu aalavaada todu hondide. dodda gudada tudiyondige uddavaada hotte. gandu swalpa nerale bannada chaayeyondige gaadhavaada musukina bannaddagide. halavaaru aspashtavaada kappu rekhegalondige rekkegalu. ettarisida mapakagala pramukha discosellular baas hondiruva mumbhagagalu. aleyalaada rekhegala naduve masukaada kandu bannadinda naragalu chimmuttave. sanna discosellular spaatgalondige himbhagada rekkegalu. masukaada kandu bannada chukkegala upamarginal sarani mattu raktanaaladalli masukaada chukkegalinda addipadisida kappu anchina rekheyondige eradoo rekkegalu. kuharada badiya kandu. eradoo rekkegalu bahala pramukhavaada kappu kosha-chukkeyannu hondiddu, kadime pramukhavaada baagida post-medial byaand annu hondive. ondu pramukha submarginal black spot sarani ide. 3 mattu 4 rahra naduve kanisikolluva ondu sthalavu kanisuvudilla. samanyavagi kandu bannada nelada bannavannu hondiruva athawa mumbhagada rekkegala koshadalli kandu bannada pyachgalannu hondiruva hennu mattu eradoo rekkegalige aspashta post medial byaand annu roopisuttade.

collix hypospilaatta jametridae kudumbatthile oru nishaashalabhamaan collix hypospilaatta. 1857ll achille gyooni ithine vivarichu. ithu sreelankayil thaddesheeyamaanu. vivaranam. athinte chirakukal ekadesham. randaamathe joyintulla palpi frondall tuftinappurathekku athunnu. purushante madhya tbia valare veerppullathum aazhathilulla kuzhiyullathumaanu. wier neelamullathum valia gudamuttullathum. aanpakshikk irunda niratthilullathum neriya purple niramullathumaanu. niravadhi avyakthamaaya karutha varakalulla chirakukal. uyarnna skeyilukalude oru pramukha discosellular bosinoppam munvashangal. alanjuthiriyunna varikalkkidayil ilam thavittuniramulla sirakal. cheria discosellular paadukalulla pinbhagangal. ilam thavittu niratthilulla spekkukalude upamaarjinal shreniyulla rund chirakukalum sirayil ilam speckukal thadassappeduthunna oru karutha marginal line. ventral side fuscus braun. valare pradhanappetta black sell-spott, kuranja valanja poost medial baand ulla rund chirakukalum. oru pramukha submarginal black spott seerees undu. sira 3 num 4 num idayil kaanapedunna oru sthaanam illa. palappozhum thavittuniramulla nilam allengil munvashathe koshatthil thavittuniramulla paadukalulla penpakshi rund chirakukalilum avyakthamaaya poost medial baand roopappeduthunnu.

collix hypospilata colics hypospilata haah bhoomiti kutumbatil eka patang aahe. 1857 madhye achile guni yanni yache varnan kele hote. teey shrilankeche sthanik aahe. varnan. tyache pankh sumare aahet. dusya sandhyasah palpi pudhil tuftchya khoop pudhe pohochate. narcha madhya tibia khoop pasarlela aanee khol khambasah. mothe guddwar asalelya lamb otipotasah. narr haah kinchit jambhalya rangacha gadad rung asalela asato. anek aspasht kaale resha asalele pankh. unch scalechya pramukh discosellular bosses agrabhag. halavalelya reshanchya darmyan nassa fikat tapkiri rangachya asatat. lahan discosellular daag asalele mageel pankh. fikat tapkiri rangachya thipkyanchya up-parimaniy malikesah donhi pankh aanee raktavahinyanvaril fikat thipkyanmule kalya seemant reshet vyatyay yeto. ventral bajuche fuscus tapkiri. donhi pankh atishay pramukh kalya peshi-thipke, qamee pramukh vakr postmedial bands. eka pramukh submarginal black spott malika aahe. 3 aanee 4 yaa nasanchya darmyan nasalela eka thipka. maadee bahutekda tapkiri rangachi kinwa pudhil pankhanchya peshimadhye tapkiri patte asaleli aanee donhi pankhanvar aspasht postmedial band tayar karate.

collics hypospilata collics hypospilata jyamiti pariwarma raheko euta patanga how. yasalai sann 1857 maa achile gunidwara warnan garieko thiyo. yo shrilankako sthaniya how. warnan. yasako pakha lagbhag chha. dosro jorniko sath palpi agadiko taftabhanda dherai tadha pugchha. purushko madhya tibia dherai failieko rar gahiro khadalko sath. pett lamo, thulo guda tuftko sath. ner alik khairo rangka sath gadha fuscus hunchha. dherai aspashta callo rekhaharu bhaeka pakhaharu. mathi uthaeko scaleko pramukh discocellular malikko sath agrabhag. laharaieka rekhaharu bichma fyaanlo khairo rangka shiraharu dhapkanchhan. sanah discocellular spatharu bhaeka pachhadi. pahenlo khairo dagko upa-simanta shringkhalaka sath duwai pakhaharu rar shirama pahenlo dagharudwara awaruddha callo simanta rekha. ventral side fascus brauna. dherai pramukh callo cell-spot, cum pramukh ghumawadar postmedial bandka sath duwai pakshaharu. tyahan ek pramukh submarginal black spot shringkhala chha. nus 3 rar 4 ko bichma awasthit euta sthan anupasthit chha. prayaha khairo bhu-rung wa agrapankako koshikama khairo pyachharu bhaeko rar duwai pakhaharuma aspashta postmedial banned banaune mahila.

collics hypospilata collics hypospilata heuchhi jametridae paribarara eka patanga. 1857 masihare aakil gueninka dwara ehaa barnana karajaithila. ehaa shreelankara sthaniah. barnana. ehara pakhapakhi pakhapakhi. dwiteeja ganthi sahita palpi sammukh tufter bahare pahanche . purushara madhya tibia bahuta bistarita ebong eka gabhira khanja sahita . pett lamba, eka budd guda tuft sahita . purushati gadha fuscus ebong samanya jammu rangara hoithae. aneka aspasta kalaa rekha thiba dena. eka pramukh discocellulara bus sahita agrabhagare uccha scale . tarangajita rekha madhyare fica badami rangara shira gudika dagajukta. chhot chhot discocellulara daaga thiba pachapakhe. ubhaja pakhyar upa-seemabarti shrunkhalara haluka badami daaga ebong eka kalaa seemanta rekha sahita shira upare haluka daaga dwara badhaprapta hue . ventral parsware fuscus badami. ubhaja pakhya ati bisista kalaa kosh-daaga, comm bisista bakra postmedial banned sahita . eka pramukh submarginal black spot sirij achhi . shira 3 ebong 4 madhyare eka sthana anupasthita . mahila prajatah badami maati ranga kimba agrabhagara koshare badami daaga sahita ebong ubhaja pakhyare eka aspasta postmedial banned gathan kare .

collics hypospilata collics hypospilata geometridae parivaar witch ikk keeda haii. iss daa varnan 1857 witch achil guni duaara keeta giaa see. ih srilanka daa sathanak haii. varnan. iss dey khambh lagbhag hunn. dooje jode dey naal palpi frontal tuft toon bahut door takk pahunchada haii. marad daa maddh tibbia bahut fail giaa atey ikk dunghi khadd naal. ikk vadde gudaa dey naal, pett lamba. narr thodah jiha jamani rung dey naal goodah dhundla hunda haii. kaee aspasht kaliaan rekhavan vaale khambh. ucche skelan dey ikk pramukh discosalular baus dey naal forwing. hatthin laggan valiaan lines dey vichkaar naadiaan peele bhure rung deeaan hundiaan hunn. chhote discosalular chatak vaale pichhe dey khambh. peele bhure rung dey dhabbe dee submarginal luddy dey naal doven khambh atey naadi utte peele dhabbe duaara ikk kaali hashiye dee rekha vighan paundi haii. ventral side fuscus baraoon. bahut pramukh black saill-spaat, ghatt pramukh curved postmedial baind dey naal doven khambh. itthe ikk pramukh submarginal black spaat seereez haii. nus 3 atey 4 dey vichkaar ikk sathaan gairhazar paaiaa giaa. aurat aksar bhure rung dey zamini rung naal jaan forwings dey saill witch bhure paichan naal atey dovan khambhan laee ikk aspasht postmedial baind banaundi haii.

collix hapospilata collix hapospilata iti jyaamiti-kulasya ekaha patangah asti. 1857 tame varshe achil-gunee ityanena asya varnanam krutam. shreelankaadeshasy sthaanikah asti. varnanam. tasya prushtabhaagah praayah asti. dwiteeya-samyuktena saha palpee, agrabhagasya tuft-ityasya ateetam gacchati. purushasya madhya-tibia-bhaagah ateeva vistrutah, gabheer-khanden cha yuktah. udaram deergham, bruhad-guda-tuft-yuktam. purushah krushnavarnah, alpam parplish-varnaha cha bhavati. anekaih aspashtaih krushnarekhaaraih yukttaih pakshaih. agrabhaagaah, unnata-scales-ityasya pramukha-discosellular-baas ityanena saha. raktavaahinyah, tarangitarekhaarayoh madhye, mlan-godhoomawarnen speckle-krutaani bhavanti. laghu-discosellular-spaat-yukttaah prushtabhaagaah. ubhayapakshaah, upa-simanta-shrunkhalaayuktaah, mlan-godhoom-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna-varna - ventral said fuscus braun. ubhayoho pakshayoho ati-pramukhah krushnakosha-binduhu, nyoon-pramukhah vakraha maadhyamottar-pattika asti. atra pramukhaa upa-marginal-blaak-spaat-shrunkhalaa asti. 3 taha 4 paryantam raktavaahinyaah madhye ekam sthaanam anupasthitam asti. praayah godhoomavarnayuktaa bhuvarniya athavaa agrabhagasya koshe godhoomavarnasya pech-yukttaa mahilaa, ubhayapangeshu aspashtam post-medial-bend nirmeeyati.

collix hyposphilata collix hyposphilata enbathu jiometridae kudumbaththin oru andhuppoochchi aagum. idhu 1857 aam aandil achil kunee enbavaraal vivarikkappattathu. idhu ilangkaiyai sernthathae. vilakkam. adhan irakkaikal sumar. irandaavathu moottu konda balby, muun thundu thooraththirku appaal selkirathu. aann naduppaguthi migavum virivadainthu aalamaana pallaththudan ullathu. adivayittru neelamaanathu, oru periya kudha thupu. aann oru siriya uuthaa niraththudan irunda fuscus ullathu. pala thelivattra karuppu koadugaludan koodiya irakkaikal. uyaramaana sethilgalin oru mukiya vattuch sellulaar muthalaaliyudan muun irakkaikal. asaintha koadugalukku idaiyil velir paluppu niraththil narambugal ullana. siriya vinthanukkaludan koodiya pinpurak kuthikaal. velir paluppu nira pulligalin thunai vilimbuth thodarudan irandu irakkaikalum mattrum narambil velir pulligalaal oru karuppu vilimbu koadu kurukkidugiradhu. ventral pakka fuscus pravun. irandu irakkaikalum migavum mukkiyamaana karuppu chell-spott, kuraivaana mukiya valaintha postmedial paent kondavai. oru mukiya submarginal pilaak spott thodar ullathu. narambu 3 mattrum 4 kku idaiyil illaatha oru pulli. penn perumpaalum paluppu nira tharai niraththudan allathu munpura irakkaikalin sellil paluppu nira thittukaludan iru irakkaikalilum oru thelivattra postmedial pattaiyai uruvaakkukirathu.

colics hypospilata colics hypospilata anedi geometridae kutumbamlo oka chimmata. dheenini 1857loe achil gunee varninchaaru. idhi srilankaku sthaanikamainadi. vivarana. daani rekkalu sumaruga untaayi. rendava jaayintto palpi mundu tuftku minchi cherukuntundi. maga kaali madhya bhaagam chaalaa vistarinchindi mariyu lothaina thodu thoo. podavati podavati pottikadupu, pedda angastambhanatho. magadi konchem oodaa rangutho muduru rangulo untundi. aneka aspashtamaina nallati rekhalatho rekkalu. ettaina porala yokka pramukha discallular baas thoo mundu rekkalu. alala madhya muduru godhuma rangutho siralu macchalu. chinna discallular macchalatho venuka rekkalu. laetha godhuma rangu specs yokka upamarginal shrenitho rendu rekkalu mariyu sira vadda laetha specs dwara antaraayam kaliginche nalla anchu rekha. ventral side fuscus braun. chaalaa pramukhamaina nalla kana-maccha, takkuva pramukha vakra post-medial bandto rendu rekkalu. oka pramukha submarginal block spot syries undhi. sira 3 mariyu 4 madhya kanipinchani pradaesam. aadavi tarachugaa godhuma rangu naela rangutho ledhaa mundu rekkala kanamlo godhuma rangu patches thoo mariyu rendu rekkalaku aspashtamaina post medial byaandnu yerparustaayi.

colex hyposplata colex hyposplata geometrady khaandaan kaa eek keeda hay. asay 1857 mein acheel ganee nay biyaan kiyaa thaa. yaha saree lankaa kaa maqami hay. wazahat. iss kay pankh taqriba haine. dosray joday kay saath palpi saamney waalay tift say behat aagay takk pahunchta hay. mard kaa darmiyani tubya behat phaila hawaa aur eek gehri naali kay saath. pait lamba eek baday maqaad kay tift kay saath. narr halka saa jaamni rung kay saath gehra faksas hotaa hay. mutadid ghair waazah lehrati hoyee kaali lakiron waalay paroon kay saath. oopar kii tarazo kay eek numayan discalolar baas kay saath aagay kii paroon. lehrayi hoyee lakiron kay darmiyan halkay bhuri rung kii ragoon kay dhabay. chhotay discalolar dhabon kay saath peeche kay pankh. donon paroon kay zeeli hadd kay saath halkay bhuri rung kay dhabon kii seerez aur eek seeyah haashiya kii lakeer rugg parr halkay dhabon say rukawat banti hay. ventral side fiscus brown. donon paroon kay saath behat numayan bleek sail spot kumm numayan maray hoay postmedal bend. eek numayan sabb margenal bleek spot seerez hay. rugg 3 aur 4 kay darmiyan ghair haazir paaya jaanay waala eek maqaam. khwatin aksar bhuri rung kay zamini rung kay saath yaa aglay pankhon kay khaliye mein bhuri rung kay paich kay saath aur donon pankhon parr eek ghair waazah postmedial bend banaati haine.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31645211

Wiki-Watch

Wiki-Watch German university project for transparency of Wikipedia Wiki-Watch, formally known as () is a German university project for transparency of Wikipedia and Wikipedia articles, aimed especially at media professionals. Wiki-Watch conducted and published a survey of administrators of German Wikipedia and blogs regularly about German Wikipedia problems. Wiki-Watch's site wiki-watch.org provides statistical insights on Wikipedia. Part of Wiki-Watch.org is a free software application for page analysis. This tool automatically assesses the formal reliability of Wikipedia articles in English and German. It produces a five-level evaluation score corresponding to its assessment of reliability. Second, its "Exclusive Insight" shows what is occurring in Wikipedia in nearly realtime. The Wiki-Watch blog spots current trends in Wikipedia and is a source of news coverage about the Wikipedia project. Wiki-Watch was developed at the Viadrina European University in Frankfurt an der Oder, Germany. The development team included professors Wolfgang Stock and Johannes Weberling. Wiki-Watch's formal page analysis. Wiki-Watch's formal analysis relies on tracking each entry made in a Wikipedia article. It checks the number of sources, the number of editors and the number of links to the article. Within the additional implemented WikiTrust each editor is also given a "quality score" that assesses the reliability of their edits. Hundreds of thousands of editors have contributed Wikipedia entries and the reliability of the information within Wikipedia has been the subject of debate among experts. Since 2009, the Wikimedia Foundation had been considering marking text that had not been reviewed or edited by multiple editors as "untested". This form of reliability checking could enhance acceptance of scholarly Wikipedia content within educational establishments. Text tracking has incorporated into the WikiTrust system, in ongoing development at the University of California Santa Cruz and implemented in Wiki-Watch. Specific text fragments that have not been edited by multiple authors with a good score are flagged as potentially unreliable or unsafe. The reliability and reputation scoring system uses a color code scheme to evaluate pieces of text, based on the edit history and number of revisions by users, thereby signaling what may be unreliable changes within an article. The reliability of each editor is assessed by reviewing the changes they have made to various articles, and tracking their contributions to see how well the contributions survive after edits by other editors. The page analysis is comparable to WikiBu with some differences. WikiTrust is more detailed than WikiBu. Wiki-Watch stresses more the quality of sources, while WikiBu stresses more the quantity of views over sources. Wiki-Watch is aimed at media professionals, while WikiBu is aimed on pupils and teachers. "Exclusive Insight". In "Exclusive Insight" Wiki-Watch shows a compact overview of current Wikipedia developments (What and Who). Users can choose views between one hour and one month. A logged-in user can see more detailed statistics: most read pages, new pages, most edited pages, and so on. Additionally, graphs are supplied for the most read pages, displaying each day's views so that the reader sees if interest in an article is rising or ceasing. The "Exclusive Insight" displays edit wars and deletions, as well as the activities of administrators and power editors. Criticism of co-founder. In July 2011 the newspaper published articles describing an alleged conflict of interest between co-founder Wolfgang Stock's work for Wiki-Watch and his work for a pharmaceutical company that was a client of his agency Convincet. Stock had last made edits to Wikipedia articles in the area of pharmaceuticals and health issues in spring 2009, which was one year before founding Wiki-Watch (late 2010) and two years before the accusation (July 2011). In a formal reply in "Der Spiegel", Stock refuted the allegations, calling them "wrong" and "false". Stock claimed that he had made his edits of entries related to a pharmaceutical company "before my consulting work for the pharmaceutical company." By his own admission, Stock's edits derived from personal interest and concern and were not paid by anybody. Only later, from summer 2009 on, he had worked as a communications consultant for the pharmaceutical company. "Given the ongoing legal dispute" on the accusation, Stock gave up his leadership position of Wiki-Watch and his access rights to its Internet platform, but remained a team-member in September 2011. The Viadrina European University called the allegations "demonstrably false". Sources. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

wiki-waas wiki-waas, anusthanikbhabe () naamere jonajat hoise wikipedia aaru wikipedier probondhoxomuhor swoschotar baabe ek german biswobidyaloy prokolpo, bixexkoi xongbad madhyomor pesadarixokolok lokhyo kori. wiki-waase german wikipedier proxaxokxokolor ek joreep aaru german wikipedier xomosyar bixoye niyomitbhabe blogxomuh prokax korisil. wiki-waasor sait wiki-waas.orge wikipediat porixongkhyagot ontordristi prodan kore. wiki-waasor ongxo.orgo hoise pristha bislexonor baabe etaa binamuliya softwer application. ei xojulituwe swoyongkriyobhabe ingraji aaru german bhaxat wikipedier probondhoxomuhor anusthanik nirbhorjugyota mulyayon kore. ee iyar nirbhorjugyotar mulyayonor xoite xomporkito paas-storor mulyayon sko "ror prostut kore. dwitiyote, iyar "eksetiya ontordristiye" pray bastob xomoyot wikipediat ki ghotise dekhuway. wiki-waas bloge wikipediat bortomanor probonotar bixoye ullekh kore aaru wikipedia prokolpor bixoye baatori prosaror ek utxo. wiki-waas germanyr frankfurt aan der oh 'daaror viadrina europiyo biswobidyaloyot bikoxito koraa hoisil. unnoyon dolot odhyapok ulfgeng stock aaru juhanes weberling ontorbhukto aasil. wiki-waasor anusthanik pristha bislexon. wiki-waasor anusthanik bislexon wikipedia probondhot koraa protitu prowexor onuxoronor uporot nirbhor kore. ee utxor xongkhya, xompadokor xongkhya aaru probondhotur linkor xongkhya porikhya kore. otirikto rupayan koraa wickitrustor bhitorot protijon xompadokok etaa "gunogoto maan" diya hoy jiye teulukor xompadonar nirbhorjugyota mulyayon kore. laakh laakh xompadoke wikipedier prowexot orihona jugaise aaru wikipedier bhitorot thoka tothyor nirbhorjugyota bixexogyoxokolor maajot bitorkor bixoy hoi aahise. 2009 sonor poraa wikimedia foundatione ekadhik xompadokor dwara porzaluchona baa xompadona koraa huwa naai tene likhonik "porikhya nokora" buli sinhito korar kotha bibesona kori aasil. ei dhoronor nirbhorjugyota porikhyar folot xoikhyik protisthanxomuhor bhitorot wikipedier pandityopurno bixoybostur grohonjugyota briddhi paab paare. text trekking wickitrust pronalit ontorbhukto koraa hoise, california biswobidyaloyor xanta krujor soli thoka bikaxot aaru wiki-wasot rupayan koraa hoise. bhaal nombor thoka ekadhik lekhokor dwara xompadona koraa huwa naai tene nirdisto likhonir tukuraburok xombhabyobhabe obiswosto baa oxurokhito buli sinhito koraa hoy. biswaxjugyota aaru proxongxa sko "ring pronaliye xompadonar itihax aaru byowoharkarixokolor dwara xongxudhonor xongkhyar uporot aadharito kori pathyor tukurar mulyayon koriboloi etaa rongor code aasoni byobohar kore, jaar folot etaa probondhor bhitorot obiswosto poriworton ki hoh" bob paare taar ingito diye. protijon xompadokor nirbhorjugyotar mulyayon teuluke bibhinno probondhot koraa poribortonxomuh porzaluchona kori aaru aan xompadokxokolor xompadonar pisot obodanxomuh kiman bhaldore jiyai aase saboloi teulukor obodanxomuh onuxoron kori koraa hoy. pristha bislexontu kichu parthokyor xoite wikibur xoite tuloniyo. wickitrasto wikibutkoi odhik bixod. wiki-waase utxor gunogoto maanor uporot odhik gurutwo aarup kore, aanhate wikibuwe utxor uporot dorxonor porimanor uporot odhik gurutwo diye. wiki-waasor lokhyo hoise xongbad madhyomor pesadarixokol, aanhate wikibur lokhyo hoise saatro-chatri aaru xikhyokxokol. "eksetiya ontordristi". exclusive insite" wiki-waase bortomanor wikipedier bikaxor (ki aaru kune) ek xongkhipto xarangxo dekhuway. byowoharkarixokole eghontar poraa e maahor bhitorot bhiu basoni koribo paare. ejon log-inn koraa byowoharkariye odhik bixod porixongkhya saab paareh besibhag porha pristha, notun pristha, besibhag xompadito pristha, ityadi. iyar uporiu, protidine dekha drishyoxomuh prodorxon kori xorbadhik porha pristhar baabe graphxomuh prodan koraa hoy jaate pathoke etaa probondhor proti aagroh briddhi paise ney bondho hoise xeya saab paare. eksetiya ontordristi" ye juddho xompadona aaru mosi peluwar logote proxaxok aaru xokti xompadokxokolor karzokolap prodorxon kore. xoho-protisthapokor xomaluchona. 2011 sonor julyte baatori kakotkhone wiki-waasor baabe xoho-protisthapok ulfgeng stokor kaam aaru teur agency convincetor grahok ekhon pharmaceutical companyr baabe koraa kaamor maajot ek kothito swarthor xonghator bornona koraa probondho prokax korisil. stoke 2009 sonor boxontokalot pharmaceuticals aaru swasthyo xomosyar khetrot wikipedier probondhoburot xexbaror baabe xompadona korisil, jitu wiki-waas protistha korar ebosor aagote (2010 sonor xexor faale) aaru obhijugor dubosor aagote (july 2011) aasil. der spiegel" too ek anusthanik uttorot stoke obhijugbur oswikar kori teulukok "bhul" aaru "misa" buli obhihito korisil. stoke daabi korisil je teu ouxodh companyr baabe mur poramorxomulok kaamor aagote etaa ouxodh companyr xoite xomporkito prowexor xompadona korisil."teur nijor swikriti onuxori, stokor xompadonaxomuh byoktigoto aagroh aaru chintar poraa aahoron koraa hoisil aaru kuneu porixudh koraa nasil. iyar pisote 2009 sonor grishmokalor poraa teu ouxodh prostutkari companyr jugajug poramorxodata hisape kaam korisil. "obhijugor uporot "soli thoka aainee bibador baabe", stoke wiki-waasor netritwor sthiti aaru iyar internet platformot prowexor odhikar tyag korisil, kintu 2011 sonor septemborot dolor xodosyo hoi aasil. viadrina europiyo biswobidyaloye obhijugxomuhok "proityokhyobhabe misa" buli obhihito korise.

uiki-ghadi uiki-watch, anusthanikbhabe () naame porichito, wikipedia ebong wikipedia nibondhogulir swachchotar jonno ekti german vishwavidyalaya prokolpo, biseshoto midia peshadarder lakkhya korey. uiki-watch german wikipedia samasya somporke niyomitovabe german wikipedia ebong bloger proshashokder ekti samikkha porichalona oo prakash korey. uiki-watcher saita uiki-watch.orgo wikipedia porisongkhangoto antardrishti pradan korey. uiki-watcher ongsho.orgo holl pristha bishleshoner jonno ekti mukto software application. eyi toolti swayangkriyabhabe ingrezi ebong german bhasay wikipedia nibondhogulir anusthanik nirbhorjoggota mulyayan korey. etty nirbhorjoggotar mulyayaner saathe samanjasya rekhe ekti panch-storer mulyayan score toiri korey. dwitiyata, err "ekchetia antardrishti" pray bastob somoye wikipedia qee ghotche taa dekhay. uiki-watch blogg wikipedier bortoman probonotagulike chinnito korey ebong wikipedia prokolpo somporke sangbad coverager ekti utso. uiki-watch germanyr frankfurt ayana daar oder viadrina europea bishwobidyaloye toiri koraa hoyechilo. unnayan doley adhyapak olfgang stock ebong johannes webberling antarbhukta chhilen. uiki-watcher anusthanik paata bishleshan. uiki-watcher anusthanik bishleshan wikipedia nibondhe koraa protiti entrir upor nirbhar korey. etty utser sankhya, sampadoker sankhya ebong nibondher linker sankhya porikkha korey. atirikto bastobayito wikiproster modhye protiti sompadokke ekti "gunoman score" deoa hoy jaa taader sampadanar nirbhorjoggota mulyayan korey. koyek lokkho sompadok wikipedia abodan rekhechen ebong wikipedier modhye tothyer nirbhorjoggota biseshoggoder modhye bitorker vishay hoye dandiyeche. 2009 saal theke, wikimedia phaundeshana ekadhik sampadoker dwara porjalochona baa sampadana koraa hoyney emon patthyoke "porikkhito noy" hisabe chinnito korar kotha bibechona korey asche. nirbhorjoggota jachaiyer eyi rupti shikkha protisthaner modhye pandityapurna wikipedia visayavastur grohonjoggota baadiye tulte paare. text tracking wikiprast systeme antarbhukta koraa hoyeche, california santa kruz bishwobidyaloye chalman unnoyone ebong uiki-oyache bastobayito hoyeche. nirdishto patthyer jey tukroguli vall score soho ekadhik lekhok dwara sampadito hoyney segulike sombhabbo abishwasto baa anirapada hisabe chinnito koraa hoy. nirbhorjoggota ebong khyati scoring systemti sampadana itihas ebong byaboharkarider dwara sangshodhaner sankhyar upor vitti korey patthyer tukroguli mulyayan korar jonno ekti rongin code skim byabohar korey, jaar foley ekti nibondher modhye abishwasto poribortonguli qee hotey paare taa nirdesh korey. protiti sampadoker nirbhorjoggota mulyayan koraa hoy bivinno nibondhe koraa poribortonguli porjalochona korey ebong anyanno sompadokder sampadanar porey abodanguli kotota bhalbhabe tike achhe taa dekhar jonno taader abodanguli track korey. kichhu parthokyo soho pristhar bishleshan uikibur saathe tuloniyo. uikibur cheye wickiprost beshi bistarito. uiki-watch utser gunogoto maaner upor arow jore deyo, onnodike uikibu utser upor viewer porimaner upor arow jore deyo. uiki-watch midia peshadarder lakkhya korey, onnodike uikibu shikkharthi ebong shikkhokder lakkhya korey. "ekchetia antardrishti. uiki-oyache "ekchetia antardrishti" bortoman wikipedier unnoyoner (qee ebong keey) ekti sangkhipto biboron dekhano hoyeche. byaboharkarira eka ghanta theke eka maaser modhye view beche nitey paren. ekjon logg-inn byaboharkari arow bistarito porisongkhyan dekhte parenh beshirbhag padaa pristha, notun pristha, beshirbhag sampadito pristha ityadi. uporontu, sorbadhik pothito pristhagulir jonno grapha sarbaraha koraa hoy, jaa protiti diner motamot prodorshon korey jaate patthok dekhte paren jey konao nibondher proti agroho badche baa bondho hachche kina. ekchetia antardrishti" sampadana juddho ebong muche feller pashapashi proshashok ebong shakti sompadokder karjokolap prodorshon korey. soho-protisthatar samalochana. 2011 saaler julai maase sangbadpatrati uiki-watcher jonno soho-protisthata olfgang stocker kaaj ebong taar agency convinceter client ekti pharmaceutical companyr jonno taar kaajer modhye kothito swarther dwandwa bornona korey nibondho prakash korey. stock 2009 saaler bosonte oshudh ebong swastho sangkranta bishoye wikipedier nibondhogulite shesh sampadana korechilo, jaa uiki-watch protisthar eka bochor agey (2010 saaler shesher dike) ebong abhijoger dui bochor agey (julai 2011) chhilo. daar spiegel"-ayee ekti anusthanik uttore, stock abhijogguli aswikar korey, segulike "bhul" ebong "mithya" boley abhihito korey. stock daabi korechilo jey, "pharmaceutical companyte amar poramorshomulok kaajer agey" tini ekti pharmaceutical company somporkito entrigulir sampadana korechilen."taanr nijer swikaroktite, stocker sampadanaguli byaktigato agroho ebong udweg theke udbhuto hoyechilo ebong keui taa pradan koreni. err porei, 2009 saaler grisso theke, tini oshudh prostutkari sangosthar jogajog poramorshodata hisabe kaaj korechilen. "abhijoger upor "chalman aini birodher" poriprekkhite, stock uiki-watcher netritter abosthan ebong err internet platforme taar accesser adhikar tyag korey, kintu 2011 saaler septembore doler sadasya hisabe theke yaay. viadrin europea vishwavidyalaya eyi abhijoggulike "sposhtotoi mithya" boley abhihito koreche.

vikee-watch veeki-watch, aupcharik reete () tareeke odakhaay chhe, teey wikipedia aneey wikipedia lekhoni pardarshita maateno german university project chhe, jeno hetu khaas kareene media vyaavsaayikone dhyanma rakheene chhe. veeki-voche german wikipediana vahivatkartaao aneey blogsno german wikipediani samasyao vishe niyamitpane sarvekshan haath dharyu aneey prakashit karyoo. veeki-vochanee site veeki-watch.org wikipedia parr aankadaakiy aantardrushti pradaan karey chhe. veeki-vochano aek bhaag.org aee prushth vishleshan maate aek mafat software application chhe. aaa saadhan aapmele angreji aneey germanma wikipedia lekhoni aupcharik vishvasniyataanu mulyankan karey chhe. teey tenaa vishvasniyataanaa mulyankanne anuroop paanch-starnaa mulyankan sqora utpann karey chhe. beeju, tenee "vishisht samaj" darshaave chhe keey wikipediama lagbhag vaastavik samayma shun thaee rahyu chhe. veeki-watch blooga wikipediama vartmaan valanone darshaave chhe aneey wikipedia project vishe samachar coverageno srot chhe. veeki-vochane germanyna frankfurt aena dair oderma vidrina european universityma vikasavvama aavee hatee. vikaas team professoro wolfgang stock aneey johannis weberlingno samaavesh thato hato. veeki-vochanu aupcharik prushth vishleshan. vikee-vochanu aupcharik vishleshan wikipedia lekhamaa karvaamaa aaveli darek entry parr najar raakhvaa parr aadharit chhe. teey strotoni sankhyaa, sampadakoni sankhyaa aneey lekhnee kadeeoni sankhyaa tapase chhe. vadharana amalmaa mukaayela wicketrustma darek sampadakne "gunvattaano guna" pann aapvama aave chhe jeey temnaa sampadanni vishvasniyataanu mulyankan karey chhe. hajaaro sampadakoae wikipedia entriomaa yogdaan aapyu chhe aneey wikipediani andarni maahiteeni vishvasniyataa nishnato vachche charchaano vishhay rahee chhe. 2009 thee, wikimedia foundation aevaa lakhaanne chinhit karvaanu vichaaree rahyu hatoo jenee samiksha athavaa sampadan bahuveedh sampadako dwara karvaamaa aavyu naa hatoo. vishvasniyataa tapaasnu aaa swaroop shaikshanik sansthaoma vidhvatapurn wikipedia saamagrini sveekrutima vadhaaro curry shake chhe. university off california santa cruzemaa chaali rahela vikasma aneey veeki-vochamaa laagu karvaamaa aavel taxt trekkingne wicketrust sistamma saamel karvaamaa aavyu chhe. chokkas lakhaanaa tukadao keey jeey saaraa sqora saathe bahuveedh lekhako dwara sampadit karvaamaa aavyaa nathee temne sambhaveet avishvasneey athavaa asurakshit tareeke chinhit karvaamaa aave chhe. vishvasniyataa aneey pratishtha scoring system, vapraashkartaao dwara sampadan itihas aneey punraavartanoni sankhyana aadhare lakhaanaa tukadaaonu mulyankan karvaa maate rung qoda yojnaano upyog karey chhe, jenaathi lekhamaa avishvasneey ferfaro shun hoi shake chhe teno sanket maley chhe. darek sampadakni vishvasniyataanu mulyankan temane viveedh lekhomaa karelaa ferfaaroni samiksha kareene aneey anya sampadako dwara sampadan karyaa pachhi yogdaan ketalu saaru tucky rahe chhe teey jovaa maate temnaa yogdaan parr najar rakheene karvaamaa aave chhe. prushth vishleshan ketlaak tafavto saathe vikibu saathe tulnaatmak chhe. wicketrust vikibu karataa vadhu vigatvaar chhe. vikee-watch strotoni gunvattaa parr vadhu bhaar mooke chhe, jyaare vikibu stroto parr vadhu drashyo parr bhaar mooke chhe. veeki-watch media vyaavsaayikone dhyanma rakheene chhe, jyaare vikibu vidhyarthio aneey shikshakone dhyanma rakheene chhe. "vishisht samaj". vishisht aantardrushti" maan vikee-watch vartmaan wikipedia vikaas (shun aneey koona) nee sankshipt zankhi darshaave chhe. vapraashkartaao aek kalaakthee aek maheena vachche vyoo pasand curry shake chhe. logg-ina karel vapraashkartaa vadhu vigatvaar aankada joee shake chheh motabhagna vaanchela prushtho, navaa prushtho, motabhagna sampadit prushtho vagere. vadhumaa, sauthee vadhu vaanchela prushtho maate aalekh puuraa padvama aave chhe, jemaa darek divasnaa drashyo pradarshit karvaamaa aave chhe jethee vaachak juae keey lekhamaa rus vadhee rahyo chhe keey bundh thaee rahyo chhe. vishisht aantardrushti" yuddho aneey kaadhee nakhvani pravruttio temaj vahivatkartaao aneey sattaa sampadakoni pravruttio pradarshit karey chhe. saha-sthaapakni teeka. julai 2011maan akhbaare veeki-watch maate saha-sthaapak wolfgang stocknaa kaama aneey temnee agency convincetnaa graahak pharmaceutical kampani maatena temnaa kaama vachchena katheet hitonaa sangharshnu varnan kartaa lekho prakashit karyaa hataa. stoke chhelle 2009nee vasantrutumaa pharmaceuticals aneey aarogyana muddaona kshetramaa wikipedia lekhomaa sampadan karyoo hatoo, jeey veeki-vochanee sthaapnaa (2010naa antamaa) aneey aaropna beey varsh pahelaa (julai 2011) hatoo. dair spiegel" maan aupcharik javabma, stocke aaropone "khotaa" aneey "khotaa" kaheene nakaari kaadhya hataa. stocke daavo karyo hato keey tene pharmaceutical kampani maate maaraa consulting kaama pahelaa pharmaceutical kampani saathe sambandhit entrionaa sampadan karyaa hataa."temnaa potaana sweekaar mujab, shernaa sampadno vyaktigat heet aneey chintamathi melavaamaa aavyaa hataa aneey koiae temne chukavani curry naa hatee. pachhithi, 2009naa unaalaathi, temane pharmaceutical companyma sanchaar salaahkaar tareeke kaama karyoo hatoo. "aarop parr "chaali rahela kaanuni vivaadne dhyanma rakheene", stoke vikee-vochanee temnee netrutvani sthitee aneey tenaa internet platform parr temnaa aikses adheekaro chhodi deedhaa, parantu september 2011 maan teamnaa sabhy rahyaa. viyadrina european university aaropone "spasht reete khotaa" ganaavya hataa.

viki-ghadee viki-watch, jise aupchaarik roop seey () key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, wikipedia aur wikipedia lekhon kii paardarshita key liye ack german vishvavidyalaya pariyojana haye, jiska uddeshya vishesh roop seey media peshevaron koo lakshit karna haye. viki-watch ney german wikipedia key prashasakon kaa ack sarvekshan kiya aur german wikipedia samasyaon key baare mein niyamit roop seey blogg prakaashit kiye. viki-watch kii site viki-watch.org wikipedia parr saankhyikiya antardrishti pradaan kartaa haye. viki-watch kaa hissa.org prishth vishleshan key liye ack muft software anuprayog haye. yeh upkaran swachaalit roop seey angreji aur german mein wikipedia lekhon kii aupchaarik vishvasaniyata kaa aaklan kartaa haye. yeh apani vishvasaniyata key mulyankan key anuroop paanch-stariya mulyankan ank utpann kartaa haye. doosara, isaki "vishesh antardrishti" seey pataa chalata haye kii wikipedia mein lagbhag vaastavik samay mein kyaa hoe rhaa haye. viki-watch blogg wikipedia mein vartamaan rujhaanon koo darshaata haye aur wikipedia pariyojana key baare mein samachar coverage kaa ack srot haye. viki-watch koo germany key frankfurt aine dair auder mein viyadrina europeeya vishvavidyalaya mein vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. vikas dall mein professor wolfgang stock aur johannes weberling shamil they. viki-watch kaa aupchaarik prishth vishleshan. viki-watch kaa aupchaarik vishleshan wikipedia lekh mein kii gaee pratyek pravishti parr nazar rakhane parr nirbhar kartaa haye. yeh sroton kii sankhya, sampadakon kii sankhya aur lekh key link kii sankhya kii jaanch kartaa haye. atirikt karyanvit wickitrust key bheetar pratyek sampaadak koo ack "gunavatta ank" bhee diyaa jaataa haye joe unake sampadanon kii vishvasaniyata kaa aaklan kartaa haye. saikadon hajaaron sampadakon ney wikipedia pravishtiyon mein yogdan diyaa haye aur wikipedia key bheetar jaankaari kii vishvasaniyata visheshagyon key beach bahas kaa vishay rahee haye. 2009 seey, wikimedia foundation una paath koo chihnit karane parr vichaar curr rhaa thaa jisaki sameeksha yaa sampadan kaee sampadakon dwara "apramaanit" key roop mein naheen kiya gayaa thaa. vishvasaniyata jaanch key iss roop seey shaikshik pratishthanon key bheetar vidvaanon kii wikipedia samagri kii sweekriti badh sakati haye. text tracking koo wickitrust pranali mein shamil kiya gayaa haye, california saanta cruze vishvavidyalaya mein chala rahey vikas mein aur viki-watch mein lagu kiya gayaa haye. vishisht paath key tukade jinhen achche ank key saath kaee lekhakon dwara sampaadit naheen kiya gayaa haye, unhein sambhaavit roop seey avishvasaniya yaa asurakshit key roop mein chihnit kiya gayaa haye. vishvasaniyata aur pratishtha scoring pranali paath key tukadon kaa mulyankan karane key liye ack rung code yojana kaa upayog karati haye, joe upayogkartaon dwara sampadan itihas aur sanshodhanon kii sankhya key aadhar parr hoti haye, jisase yeh sanket milata haye kii ack lekh key bheetar kyaa avishvasaniya parivartan hoe sakate hain. pratyek sampaadak kii vishvasaniyata kaa mulyankan vibhinn lekhon mein kiye gaye parivartanon kii sameeksha karke kiya jaataa haye, aur yeh dekhane key liye kii anya sampadakon dwara sampadan key baad yogdan kitna achchha rahata haye, unake yogdan parr nazar rakhee jaati haye. prishth vishleshan kuchh antaron key saath wikibu key saath tulaniya haye. wickitrust wikibu seey adhik vistrit haye. viki-watch sroton kii gunavatta parr adhik jore detaa haye, jabaki wikibu sroton parr vichaaron kii matra parr adhik jore detaa haye. viki-watch kaa uddeshya media peshevaron key liye haye, jabaki wikibu kaa uddeshya chhatron aur shikshakon key liye haye. "vishisht antardrishti. vishesh antardrishti" mein viki-watch vartamaan wikipedia vikas (kyaa aur kaun) kaa ack sankshipt avalokan dikhaati haye. upayogkarta ack ghante seey ack maheene key beach drishya chuna sakate hain. logg-inn upayogkarta adhik vistrit aankade dekh sakata haih adhikansh padhe gaye prishth, nae prishth, adhikansh sampaadit prishth, aur isi tarah. isake alawa, sabse adhik padhe jaane vaale prishthon key liye graph kii aapoorti kii jaati haye, joe pratyek dinn key vichaaron koo pradarshit karate hain taaki paathak dekh sakey kii kyaa kissy lekh mein ruchi badh rahee haye yaa bund hoe rahee haye. vishesh antardrishti" yuddhon key sampadan aur vilopan key saath-saath prashasakon aur shakti sampadakon kii gatividhiyon koo pradarshit karati haye. saha-sansthaapak kii aalochana. julaai 2011 mein akhbar ney viki-watch key liye saha-sansthaapak wolfgang stock key kaam aur ack dawa company key liye unake kaam key beach kathit hiton key takraav kaa varnan karane vaale lekh prakaashit kiye joe unaki agency convincet kaa ack graahak thaa. stock ney aakhiri baar 2009 key vasant mein pharmaceuticals aur swaasthya muddon key kshetra mein wikipedia lekhon mein sampadan kiya thaa, joe viki-watch kii sthaapana seey ack saal pahale (2010 key anta mein) aur aarop seey dou saal pahale (julaai 2011) thaa. dair spiegel" mein ack aupchaarik jawab mein, stock ney aaropon kaa khandan kiya, unhein "galat" aur "galat" kahaa. stock ney daavaa kiya kii unhone pharmaceutical company key liye merey paramarsh kaary seey pahale ack pharmaceutical company seey sambandhit pravishtiyon key apane sampadan kiye they."apane swayam key sweekaar seey, stock key sampadan vyaktigat byaaj aur chinta seey praapt hue aur kissy dwara bhugtan naheen kiya gayaa thaa. baad mein, 2009 kii garmiyon seey, unhone dawa company key liye ack sanchaar salaahkaar key roop mein kaam kiya thaa. "aarop parr chala rahey kanuni vivaad koo dekhate hue, stock ney viki-watch key apane netritva kii sthiti aur isake internet platform taka apane pahunch key adhikaaron koo chhod diyaa, lekin sitambar 2011 mein ack team-sadasya baney rahey. viedrina europeeya vishvavidyalaya ney aaropon koo "spasht roop seey galat" kahaa.

viki-watch viki-watch, oupachaarikavaagi () endu kareyalpaduttade, idu visheshavaagi madhyama vrattipararannu guriyagisikondu wikipedia mattu wikipedia lekhanagala paaradarshakategaagi german vishvavidyaalayada yojaneyagide. viki-watch german wikipeediyaada nirvaahakara samiksheyannu nadesi prakatisitu mattu german wikiped samasyegala bagge niyamitavagi blaggalannu prakatisitu. viki-vaachna jaalataana viki-watch.org wikipeediyaadalli sankhyaashaastriya olanotagalannu odagisuttade. viki-vaachna bhaaga.org puta vishleshanegaagi uchita software application aagide. ee saadhanavu inglish mattu german bhasegalalli wikiped lekhanagala oupachaarika vishvaasaarhateyannu svayamchaalitavaagi nirnayisuttade. idu vishvaasaarhateya moulyamaapanakke anugunavagi aidu hantada moulyamaapana ankavannu niiduttade. eradaneyadaagi, adara "vishesha olanota" vu wikipeediyaadalli nijaavadhiyalli enu nadeyuttide embudannu torisuttade. viki-watch blogg wikipeediyaadallina prastuta pravruttigalannu gurutisuttade mattu idu wikipedia yojaneya bagge suddi prasaarada moolavaagide. viki-vaachannu germany frankfurt aun derr wadernalliruwa viadrina european vishvavidyaalayadalli abhivraddhipadisalaayitu. abhivruddhi tandadalli pradhyapakaru wolfgang stock mattu johannes weberling seriddaru. viki-vaachna oupachaarika puta vishleshane. viki-vaachna oupachaarika vishleshaneyu wikiped lekhanadalli maadida pratiyondu namoodannu track maaduvudannu avalambiside. idu mulagala sankhye, sampadakara sankhye mattu lekhanakke linkgala sankhyeyannu parishilisuttade. hechchuvari anushtanagonda wikitrastnolage, prati sampadakarigoo avara sampaadanegala vishvaasaarhateyannu nirnayisuva "gunamattada anka" vannu saha nidalaaguttade. lakshaantara sampaadakaru wikipeediyaada namoodugalige koduge niididdaare mattu wikipeediyaadolagina maahitiya vishvaasaarhateyu tagnaralli charcheya vishayavaagide. 2009rinda, wikimedia foundation aneka sampaadakaru parisheelisada athawa sampaadisada pathyavannu "parikshisada" endu gurutisuvudannu pariganisuttittu. vishvaasaarhateya ee reetiya parishilaneyu shaikshanika samsthegalolage pandityapurna wikiped vishayada sweekaaravannu hechchisuttade. pathya tracking annu wikitrust vyavastheyalli alavadisalaagide, california saantaa crooze vishvavidyaalayadalli nadeyuttiruva abhivraddhiyalli mattu viki-vaachnalli jaarige taralaagide. uttama ankagalannu hondiruva aneka lekhakaru sampaadisada nirdishta pathya tunukugalannu vishvaasaarhavallada athawa asurakshitavendu gurutisalaagide. vishvaasaarhate mattu khyaatiya ankana vyavastheyu, sampaadaneya itihaasa mattu balakedaarara parishkaranegala sankhyeya aadhaarada mele, pathyada tunukugalannu moulyamaapana maadalu bannada sanketada yojaneyannu balasuttade, idarindaagi lekhanadolage vishvaasaarhavallada badalaavanegalaagirabahudu embudannu soochisuttade. prati sampadakara vishvaasaarhateyannu avaru vividha lekhanagalalli maadida badalaavanegalannu parisheelisuva moolaka mattu itara sampadakara sampaadanegala nantara kodugegalu eshtu chennagi ulidukondive embudannu nodalu avara kodugegalannu track maaduva moolaka moulyamaapana maadalaaguttade. putada vishleshaneyannu kelavu vyatyaasagalondige vikibuvige holisabahudu. wikitrust vikipeediyakkinta hecchu vivaravaagide. viki-watch mulagala gunamattakke hecchu ottu niididare, vkbu mulagala mele vikshanegala pramanakke hecchu ottu niiduttade. viki-watch madhyama vrattipararannu guriyagisikondiddare, vkbu vidyaarthigalu mattu sikshakarannu guriyagirisikondide. "vishesha olanota". vishesha olanota" dalli viki-watch prastuta wikiped belavanigegala (enu mattu yaaru) sankshipta avalokanavannu torisuttade. balakedaararu ondu gante mattu ondu tingala naduvina vikshanegalannu ayke maadabahudu. lagin aada balakedaararu hecchu vivaravaada ankiamshagalannu nodabahudu hecchina odu putagalu, hosa putagalu, hecchu sampaadisida putagalu mattu heege. hechchuvariyagi, hecchu oduva putagalige graphgalannu odagisalaaguttade, idu prati dinada vikshanegalannu pradarshisuttade, idarindaagi odugarige lekhanadalli asakti hechchuttideye athawa nilluttideye endu tiliyuttade. vishesha olanota" vu yuddhagala mattu alisuvikegala sampaadaneyannu, jotege nirvaahakaru mattu adhikara sampadakara chatuvatikegalannu pradarshisuttade. saha-samsthaapakara tikegalu. julai 2011 ralli, viki-vaachgaagi saha-samsthaapaka wolfgang stockna kelasa mattu avara agency convincetna clientnagidda aushadheeya kampaniyondarallina avara kelasada naduvina hitasakti sangharshavannu vivarisuva lekhanagalannu patrike prakatisitu. stock koneyadaagi 2009rahra vasanta rtuvinalli aushadheeya mattu aarogya samasyegala kshetradalli wikiped lekhanagalige tiddupadigalannu maadittu, idu viki-watch annu sthaapisuva ondu varsha modalu (2010rahra koneyalli) mattu aaropakke eradu varshagala modalu (julai 2011) aagittu. derr spiegel" nalli oupachaarika uttaradalli, stock aaropagalannu "tappu" mattu "sullu" endu karedu nirakarisitu. naanu aushadheeya kampaniyalli salaha kelasa maaduva modalu taanu aushadheeya kampanige sambandhisida namoodugala sampaadanegalannu maadiddene endu stock helikondide."avara swanta oppikolluvikeya prakara, stockna sampaadanegalu vaiyaktika asakti mattu kaalajiyinda padedavu mattu yaaroo pavatisalilla. nantara, 2009rahra besigeyinda, avaru aushadheeya kampaniyalli samvahana salahegararagi kelasa maadiddaru. "aaropada mele "nadeyuttiruva kaanoonu vivaada" vannu gamanadallittukondu, stock tanna viki-vaachna naayakatvada sthaanavannu mattu adara antarjala vedikeya praveshada hakkugalannu bittukottanu, aadare september 2011 ralli tandada sadasyanagi ulidaru. viyadrina european vishvavidyaanilayavu ee aaropagalannu "spashtavagi sullu" endu karedide.

vikki vaachu wikipediayudeyum wikipediayudeyum lekhanangalude suthaaryathaykkaayi, prathyekichu maadyama professionalukale lakshyamitulla oru jarmman sarvakalashaala padhathiyaanu audyogikamaayi () ennariyappedunna vikki-vaachu. jarmman wikipediayude administrettarmaareyum blogukaleyum kurichu jarmman wikipedia prashnangalekkurichu pathivayi oru sarway nadathukayum prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu. vikki vaachinte saittaya vikki vaachu.oorgu wikipediyayil sthithivivarakkanakku ulkkazhchakal nalkunnu. vikki vaachinte bhagam.peju vishakalanathinulla oru swatantra software aaplikkeshanaanu oorgu. engleeshilum jarmman bhashayilum wikipedia lekhanangalude aupachaarika vishwaasyatha eee upakaranam yaanthrikamaayi vilayiruthunnu. vishwaasyathayude vilayiruthalumaayi poruthappedunna anchu thala moolyanirnnaya score ithu srishtikkunnu. randaamathaayi, athinte "exclusive insaitt" wikipediyayil thalsamayam enthaanu sambhavikkunnathenn kaanikkunnu. wikipediyayile nilavile pravanathakal kandethunnathum wikipedia padhathiyekkurichulla warta kavarejinte uravidavumaanu vikki vaachu blogg. germmaniyile frankfurt aan derr oderile vayadrina europian sarvakalaashaalayilaan vikki vaachu vikasippichath. professormaaraaya wolfgang stokku, johannes weberling ennivar vikasana samghathil ulppettirunnu. vikki vaachinte aupachaarika peju vishakalanam. vikki vaachinte aupachaarika vishakalanam oru wikipedia lekhanathil nalkia oro entriyum tracucheyyunnathine aasrayichirikkunnu. ithu srothassukalude ennam, edittarmaarude ennam, lekhanathilekkulla linkukalude ennam enniva parishodhikkunnu. adhikamaayi nadappaakkiya vikkitrasttil oro edittarkkum avarude edittukalude vishwaasyatha vilayiruthunna oru "gunanilavaara score" nalkunnu. lakshakkanakkin edittarmaar wikipedia entrikal sambhavana cheythittundu, vikkipeediyaykkulle vivarangalude vishwaasyatha vidagtharkkidayil charchaavishayamaanu. 2009 muthal, onniladhikam edittarmaar avalokanam cheiyukayo edittu cheiyukayo cheyyaatha vaachakathe "pareekshikkappedaatha" ennu adayaalappeduthunnathu wikimedia foundeshan pariganichirunnu. vishwaasyatha parishodhikkunna eee reethi vidyaabhyaasa sthaapanangalkullil pandithochithamaaya wikipedia ulladakkathinte sveekaaryatha vardhippikkum. california sarvakalashaalayil nadannukondirikkunna vikasanathil tekst tracking vikkitrast sisttathil ulppeduthukayum vikki-vaachil nadappilaakkukayum cheythu. nalla score ulla onniladhikam ezhuthukaar edittu cheyyaatha nirddishta vaachaka sakalangal vishwasaneeyamallaathatho surakshithamallathatho aayi flag cheyyappedunnu. edittu charithratheyum upayokthaakkalude punaravalokanangalude ennatheyum adisthaanamaakki vaachakathinte bhagangal vilayiruthunnathin vishwaasyathayum prashasthi scoring samvidaanavum oru kalar coode skeem upayogikkunnu, athuvazhi oru lekhanathinullil vishwasaneeyamallaatha mattangal enthaayirikkumennu soochippikkunnu. oro edittarudeyum vishwaasyatha vilayiruthunnathu avar vividha lekhanangalil varuthiya mattangal avalokanam cheythum mattu edittarmaarude edittukalkku sesham sambhavanakal ethra nannayi nilanilkkunnuvennu kaanunnathinaayi avarude sambhavanakal tracuchaith vilayiruthiyaanu. peju vishakalanam chila vyathyasangalulla vikkibuvumaayi thaarathamyappeduthaavunnatha. vikkibuvinekkaal vishadamaanu vikkitrast. vikki-vaachu uravidangalude gunanilavaarathinu kooduthal oonnal nalkunnu, athesamayam vikibu uravidangalekkaal kaazhchakalude alavinu kooduthal oonnal nalkunnu. vikki vaachu maadyama professionalukale lakshyamidumbol vikibu vidyaarthikaleyum adhyapakareyum lakshyamidunnu. "prathyeka ulkkaazhcha". exclusive insaitt" enna vikki vaachil nilavile wikipedia sambhavavikaasangalude (enthaanu, aaraan) oru samkshiptha avalokanam kaanikkunnu. upayokthaakkalkk oru manikorinum oru maasathinum idayil kazhchakal thiranjedukkaam. loggin cheytha oru upayokthaavin kooduthal vishadamaaya sthithivivarakkanakkukal kaanaan kazhiyum mikka vaayana pejukal, puthiya pejukal, ettavum edittucheytha pejukal thudangiyava. koodaathe, ettavum kooduthal vaayikkappedunna pejukalkkaayi graafukal nalkunnu, oro divasavum kazhchakal pradarshippikkunnu, angane oru lekhanathodulla thaalparyam vardhikkunnundo atho avasaanikkunnundo ennu vaayanakkaaran kaanunnu. exclusive insaitt" edittu yudhangalum illaathaakkalukalum athupole administrettarmaarum power edittarmaarudeyum pravartthanangalum pradarshippikkunnu. sahasthaapakane vimarshikkunnu. 2011 joolaiyil, sahasthaapakanaaya wolfgang stokkinte vikki-vaachinte pravartthanavum addehathinte ejansi konvinsettinte idapaadukaaranaayirunna oru farmaceutical kambaniykkuvendiyulla pravartthanavum thammilulla thaalpparya vairudhyam vivarikkunna lekhanangal pathram prasidheekarichu. vikki vaachu sthaapikkunnathinu oru varsham munbum (2010 avasaanathode) aaropanathin rund varsham munbum (juulai 2011) 2009 vasanthakaalath farmaceuticals, aarogya prasnangal ennivayekkurichulla wikipedia lekhanangalil stokku avasaanamaayi edittukal cheythirunnu. derr spiegel" enna pathratthile oru aupachaarika marupadiyil, stokku aropanangal nishedhichu, avaa "thettum" "thettum" ennu vilichu. farmaceutical kambaniyile ente consulting joliykk munbu oru farmaceutical kambaniyumaayi bandhapetta entrikalude edittukal thaan cheythathayi stokku avakashappettu."vyakthiparamaaya thaalpparyathil ninnum aashankayil ninnum uruthirinjathum aarum panam nalkaathathumaaya stokkinte edittukal addehathinte swantham amgeekaaraprakaaram. pinneedu, 2009 venalkkaalam muthal, addeham farmaceutical kambaniyil communication kansalttantaayi jolie cheythu. "aaropanathekkurichulla "nilavilulla niyamaparamaaya tharkkam" kanakkileduthu, stokku vikki-vaachinte neethrthwa sthaanavum athinte internettu plaattfomilekkulla praveshana avakashavum upekshichu, pakshe 2011 septambaril oru team amgamaayi thudarnnu. aropanangal "prakadamaayi thettaanu" ennu viyadrina europian sarvakalashaala visheshippichu.

viki-ghadyal viki-watch, aupcharikpane () mhanoon olakhala jaanara, haah wikipedia aanee wikipedia lekhanchya pardarshakatesathicha eka german vidyapith prakalp aahe, jyacha uddesh visheshtah madhyam vyavsayikanna aahe. viki-watchney german wikipediachya samasyambaddal german wikipedia aanee blogchya prashasakanche sarvekshan niyamitpane kele aanee prakashit kele. viki-watche sanketsthal viki-watch.org wikipedia varr sankhyikeey antardrushti pradan karate. viki-watcha eka bhag.oo. aar. jee. heey prushth vishleshanasathiche eka vinamulya software anuprayog aahe. heey sadhan ingraji aanee germanmadhil wikipedia lekhanchya aupcharik vishvasarhateche aapoaap moolyankan karate. teey tyachya vishvasarhatechya mulyankanashi sambandhit paach-stariy moolyankan guna tayar karate. dusare mhanje, tyachi "vishesh antardrushti" jawaljawal vastavik velet wikipediamadhye kaay ghadat aahe heey darshavate. viki-watch blogg wikipediatil vartaman cull shodhato aanee wikipedia prakalpabaddal batmyanchya kavharejacha eka srot aahe. germanytil frankfurt aine dair auder yetheel vidrina european vidyapithat viki-watch vikasit karnyat aale. vikas pathkamadhye pradhyapak wolfgang stock aanee johannes weberling yancha samavesh hota. viki-watche aupcharik prushth vishleshan. viki-watche aupcharik vishleshan wikipedia lekhat kelelya pratyek nondincha magova ghenyavar avalambun asate. heey strotanchi sankhya, sampadakanchi sankhya aanee lekhachya duvyanchi sankhya tapasate. atirikt amalbajavani kelelya wickitrustmadhye pratyek sampadkala tyanchya sampadanachya vishvasarhateche moolyankan karnara 'gunavatta guna' dekhil deela jaato. lakho sampadakanni wikipediachya nondinmadhye yogdan dile aahe aanee wikipediamadhil mahitichi vishvasarhata haah tadnyanmadhye vadacha vishay rahila aahe. 2009 pasoon, wikimedia foundation jyaa majkurache anek sampadakanni punaravalokan kinwa sampadan kelele nahee asha majkurache 'naan chachani kelele' mhanoon chinhankan karnyacha vichar karat hote. vishvasarhata tapasanicha haah prakar shaikshanik aasthapananmadhye vidvattapoorn wikipedia samagrichi sweekruti vadhavu shakato. california santa cruze vidyapithat suru asalelya vikasat aanee viki-watchmadhye amalat aanalelya, majkuracha magova wicketrust pranalimadhye samavisht keela gela aahe. changlya gunansah anek lekhakanni sampadit naan kelele vishisht majkurache tukade sambhavyapane avishvasaniy kinwa asurakshit mhanoon chinhankit kele jaatat. vishvasarhata aanee pratishtha gunankan pranali majkurachya tukadyanche moolyankan karnyasathi rung code yojana vaparte, sampadan itihas aanee vaparkartyandvare kelelya punaravruttinchya sankhyevar aadharit, jyamule lekhamadhye avishvasaniy badal kaay asoo shakatat heey soochit hote. pratyek sampadakachya vishvasarhateche moolyankan tyanni vividh lekhanmadhye kelelya badalanche punaravalokan karoon aanee itar sampadakanchya sampadananantar yogdan kitee changle tikate heey pahanyasathi tyanchya yogdanacha magova gheuun kele jaate. prushth vishleshan kahee farkansah wikibooshi tulanatmak aahe. vikiboopeksha wicketrust adhik tapshilvar aahe. viki-watch strotanchya gunavattevar adhik bharr dete, tarr wikiboo strotanvaril drushyanchya pramanavar adhik jore dete. viki-watch heey madhyam vyavsayikansathi aahe, tarr wikiboo heey vidyarthi aanee shikshakansathi aahe. "ananya antardrushti". exclusive insite' madhye viki-watch sadhyachya wikipediachya ghadamodinche (kaay aanee kona) sankshipt vihangavalokan darshavite. vaparkarte eka taas teey eka mahina darmyan drushye nivadu shakatat. logg inn kelela vaparkarta adhik tapshilvar aakadevari pahoo shakatoh bahutek vachaleli prushthe, naveen prushthe, bahutek sampadit prushthe ityadi. yavyatirikt, sarvadhik vachalelya prushthansathi aalekh puravale jaatat, jyat darrojchi drushye darshavili jaatat jenekarun ekhadya lekhatil ruchi vadhat aahe qee thambat aahe heey vachkala disel. vishesh antardrushti" madhye yuddhanche sampadan aanee hatvane, tasech prashasak aanee satta sampadakanchya kriyakalapanche pradarshan kele jaate. saha-sansthapakachi teeka. julai 2011 madhye vruttapatrane viki-watchsathi saha-sansthapak wolfgang stockche kaam aanee tyachya agency convincetcha grahak asalelya pharmaceutical companysathiche tyache kaam yanchyatil kathit hitsambandhanche varnan karnare lekh prakashit kele. stockney 2009 chya vasant rutumadhye, jeey viki-watchya sthapanechya eka varsh aadhi (2010 chya uttaradhat) aanee aarop honyachya done varshanpurvi (julai 2011) hote, pharmaceuticals aanee aarogya samasyanchya kshetratil wikipedia lekhanmadhye shevatchi sampadane kelee hotee. dair spiegel" madheel aupcharik uttarat, stockney aaropanche khandan kele aanee tyanna "chukiche" aanee "khote" mhatale. stockney dawa keela qee tyane eka aushadhanirman companyshi sambandhit nondinchi tyanchi sampadane kelee hotee "aushadhanirman companysathi majhe sallagar kaam karnyapurvi."tyanchya swatachya kabulinusar, stockchya sampadane vaiyaktik vyaj aanee chintetoon prapt jhaali aanee konihi tyanna paise dile naheet. tyanantarach, 2009 chya unhalyapasun tyanni aushadhanirman companysathi dalanvalan sallagar mhanoon kaam kele hote. "aaropavaril "chaloo asalela kayadeshir vaad" lakshat gheta, stockney viki-watche netrutva aanee tyachya internet platformwaryl pravesh adhikar sodale, parantu september 2011 madhye too sanghacha sadasya rahila. viedrina european vidyapithane heey aarop "spashtapane khote" mhatale.

wiki-watch wiki-watch, aupacharik rupma () bhanera chininchha, vishesh gari midia peshewarharulai laxit gardai wikipedia rar wikipedia lekhharuko paradarshitaka lagi ek german vishwavidyalaya pariyojana how. wiki-wachle german wikipedia samasyaharubare german wikipedia rar blagka prashasakharuko sarwekshan sanchalan rar prakashit garyo. wiki-wachko site wiki-watch.argale wikipediama sankhyikiya antardrishti pradan gardacha. wiki-wachko euta bhag.org prishtha vishleshanka lagi euta nihshulk suftware anuprayog how. yo upkaranle swachalit rupma angreji rar germanma wikipedia lekhharuko aupacharik wishwasaniyatako mulyankan gardacha. yasale yasako wishwasaniyatako mulyangkansanga sambandhit paanch-starko mulyankan anka utpadan gardacha. dosro, yasako "vishesh antardrishti" ley lagbhag wastawik samayama wikipediama key bhairaheko chha dekhaunchha. wiki-watch blagle wikipediama halko prawrittiharu patta lagaunchha rar wikipedia pariyojanako barema samachar kabharejko srota how. wiki-watch germanyko frankfurt enn derr oderko bhiyadrina europeli vishwavidyalayama wiksit garieko thiyo. vikas tolima professor wolfgang stock rar johannes weberling samawesh thie. wiki-wachko aupacharik prishtha vishleshan. wiki-wachko aupacharik vishleshan wikipedia lekhma garieko pratyek prawishti track garnama nirbhar gardacha. yasale srotharuko sankhya, sampadakharuko sankhya rar lekhma linkharuko sankhya jaanch gardacha. thap karyanwayan garieko wikitrastabhitra pratyek sampadaklai "gunastar score" pani diinchha jasle tiniharuko sampadanharuko wishwasaniyatako mulyankan gardacha. lakhaun sampadakharule wikipedia prawishtiharu yogdan gareka chhan rar wikipediabhitrako jankariko vishwasaniyata visheshagyaharu bitch bahasko vishaya baneko chha. sann 2009 dekhi, wikimedia foundationle dherai sampadakharudwara samiksha wa sampadan nagarieka pathlai "apramanit" bhanera chihnit garne vichar gariraheko thiyo. vishwasaniyata jaanchko yass ruple shaikshik pratishthanharubhitra vidwatapurna wikipedia samagriko swikriti badhauna sakchha. path trackinglai wickitrust pranalima samawesh garieko chha, california santa kruj vishwavidyalayama chaliraheko vikasma rar wiki-wachma karyanwayan garieko chha. ramro anka bhaeka dherai lekhakharudwara sampadan nagarieka wishishta path khandaharulai sambhawit awishwasaniya wa asurkshitko rupma chihnit garinchha. vishwasaniyata rar pratishtha scoring pranalile sampadan itihas rar prayogkartaharudwara sanshodhanharuko sankhyako adharma pathka tukraharuko mulyankan garna rung code yojana prayog gardacha, jasle lekhbhitra awishwasaniya pariwartanharu huna sakne sanket gardacha. pratyek sampadakko wishwasaniyatako mulyankan uniharule vibhinna lekhharuma gareka pariwartanharuko samiksha garera rar anya sampadakharudwara sampadan garepachhi yogadanharu kati ramrosanga baanchchan bhanera hernka lagi uniharuko yogadanlai track garera garinchha. prishtha vishleshan kehi bhinnataharuka sath wikibugsanga tulaniya chha. wickitrust vikibubhanda badhi wistrit chha. wiki-wachle srotharuko gunastarlai badhi jode dinchha, jabki wikibule srotharuma awalokanko matralai badhi jode dinchha. wiki-watch midia peshewarharulai laxit garieko chha, jabki wikibu vidyarthi rar shikshakharulai laxit garieko chha. "vishesh antardrishti". vishesh antardrishti" maa wiki-wachle halko wikipedia ghatanakram (key rar ko) ko sankshipta sinhawalokan dekhaunchha. prayogkartaharule ek ghanta rar ek mahina bitch drishyaharu chhanauta garna sakchhan. lug-inn prayogkartale thap wistrit tathyankaharu dekhna sakchhanh dheraijaso padheka prishthaharu, nayan prishthaharu, dheraijaso sampadan garieka prishthaharu, rar yastai. thap rupma, grafharu sabaibhanda dherai padheka prishthaharuka lagi pradan garinchha, pratyek dinko drishyaharu pradarshan gardai taaki pathakle lekhma ruchi badhdai chha wa banda bhairaheko chha bhanera dekhcha. vishesh antardrishti" ley yuddhaharu rar metauneharu, sathai prashasakharu rar shakti sampadakharuko gatiwidhiharu pradarshan gardacha. saha-sansthapakko alochana. july 2011 maa akhabarle wiki-wachka lagi saha-sansthapak wolfgang stokko kaam rar unko agency convincetko grahak raheko pharmaceutical companyka lagi unko kaam bichko kathit chasoko dwandwa warnan garne lekhharu prakashit garyo. stokle antim patak sann 2009 ko wasantama aushadhi rar swasthya muddaharuko kshetrama wikipedia lekhharuma sampadan gareko thiyo, june wiki-watch sthapana garnubhanda ek warsha pahile (2010 ko antyama) rar arop lagaunubhanda dui warsha pahile (july 2011) thiyo. derr spiegel" maa aupacharik jawafma, stokle aropharulai "galat" rar "jhuto" bhandai aswikar garyo. stokle dabi gare kii unle pharmaceutical companyma mero paramarsha karya garnu aghi "pharmaceutical companysanga sambandhit prawishtiharuko afno sampadan gareka thie."unko afnai swikardwara, stokko sampadanharu wyaktigat chaso rar chintabata wyutpanna thie rar kasaile bhuktan garenan. tyasapachhi matra, sann 2009 ko garmidekhi, unle aushadhi companyka lagi sanchar sallahakarko rupma kaam gareka thie. "aropma "chaliraheko kanuni vivadlai dhyanma rakhdai", stokle wiki-wachko afno netritwako sthiti rar yasako internet platformma afno pahunch adhikar tyage, tara september 2011 maa tolly-sadasya bane. bhiyadrina europeli vishwavidyalayale aropharulai "spashta rupma jhuto" bhaneko chha.

wiki-watch wiki-watch, aanusthanika bhabare () bhabare janashuna, wikipedia ebong wikipedia nibandhgudikara swachata paain eka german biswabidyalaja prakalpa, bisesh curry midia pesadaranka uddeshyare . wiki-watch german wikipediara prashasakamananka upare eka sarbhe parichalana ebong german wikipedia samasya bishajare nijamita bhabare blug prakash karithila. wiki-wachara wiki-watch site.org wikipidiaare parisankhyana antardrusti pradan kare . wiki-wachara anshabisesha.oh. aarr. jii. heuchhi prustha bisleshana paain eka mukta saphtawer application . ehi upakaranati ingraji ebong german bhasare wikipedia nibandhgudikara aanusthanika biswasaneejatara swajanchalita mulyankana karithae. ehaa biswasaneejatara mulyankana sahita eka pancha-stariah mulyankana score utpadana kare . dwiteejatah, ehara "swatantra antardrusti" praiah bastaba samajare wikipidiaare qa "naa ghatuchi taaha darshae. wiki-watch blug wikipidiaare barttamanara trendaku chinhat kare ebong wikipedia prakalpa bishajare khabara kabharejar eka utsa . wiki-watch germanyra frankfurt aana dair odarare thiba viadrina europeah biswabidyalajare bikashita hoithila. bikash dalare professor walfaganga stock ebong johannes webaralinga antarbhukta thile. wiki-wachara aanusthanika prustha bisleshana. wiki-wachara aanusthanika bisleshana wikipedia nibandhare karajaithiba pratyeka prabeshaku track kariba upare nirbhara kare . ehaa utsa sankhya, sampadaka sankhya ebong nibandhara linka sankhya jancha kare . atirikta karjyakaree wickitrust madhyare pratyeka sampadakanku eka "gunabatta score" madhya diajae jaahaa semanankara sampadanara biswasaneejatara akalana kare . lakhya lakhya sampadaka wikipidiaare yogdan karichanti ebong wikipedia madhyare thiba suchanara biswasaneejata bisheshagyamananka madhyare bitarkara bishai hoichhi. 2009 masiharu, wikimedia foundation ekadhika sampadakanka dwara samikhya kimba sampadana karajainathiba pathyaku "apramanita" bhabare chinhita karibaku bichara karuthila . biswasaneejatara janchara ehi rupati sikhyanushthana madhyare bidwana wikipedia bishajabastura swekruti brudhi karipariba . text tracking wickitrust sistamare antarbhukta hoichhi, california santa kruj biswabidyalajare chalithiba bikashare ebong wiki-watch ray karjyakaree hoichhi . nirdista pathya khandagudika jaahaa eka bhal score sahita ekadhika lekhakanka dwara sampadita hoinahin, sambhabya abiswasaneeja kimba asurakhita bhabare chinhita . biswasaneejata ebong pratistha scoring system eka ranga code skim byabahara kare, pathya khandagudikara mulyankana kariba paain, sampadana itihas ebong byabaharakareenka dwara sanshodhana sankhya upare aadharita, jaahaa eka nibandha madhyare abiswasaneeja paribartana qa 'naa hoipare taaha sanketa die . pratyeka sampadakanka biswasaneejatara mulyankana bibhinna nibandhare karajaithiba paribartanara samikhya curry ebong anya sampadakamananka dwara sampadana parey abdan kete bhal bhabare banchichhi taaha dekhiba paain semanankara yogdan upare nazar rakhi karajae . prusthara bisleshana kichhi parthakya sahita wikibu sahita tulanatmaka . wikibu apekhya wickitrust adhika bistruta. wiki-watch utsagudikara gunabatta upare adhika gurutwa deithae, jetebele kii wikibu utsagudika upare adhika sankhyaka matamata upare gurutwa deithae. wiki-watch ganamadhyama pesadaranka paain uddista hoithibabele wikibu chhatrachhatri ebong shikhyakanka paain uddista. "swatantra antardrusti". exclusive insite" ray wiki-watch barttamanara wikipedia bikash (qa "naa ebong kie) rahr eka sankhipta samikhya dekhaithae. byabaharakareemane eka ghantaru eka maasa madhyare drushya chayan kariparibe . jane logg-inn hoithiba byabaharakaree adhika bistruta parisankhyana dekhiparibeh adhikansha padhuthiba prustha, nutan prustha, adhikansha sampadita prustha ityadi. adhikantu, sarbadhika pathajaithiba prustha paain graph jogai diajae, jaahaa pratyeka dinara matamata pradarshan kare jaahaa dwara pathaka dekhiparibe je kaunasi nibandha prati agraha brudhi pauchhi naa banda heuchhi . swatantra antardrusti" sampadana juddha ebong apasarana, tatha prashasaka ebong shakti sampadakanka karjyakalapa pradarshan kare . saha-pratisthatanka samalochana. july 2011 ray khabarkagaj wiki-watch paain saha-pratisthata walfaganga staknka karjya ebong eka pharmaceutical company paain taanka karjya jaahaa taanka agency convincetra grahaka thila, madhyare eka kathita swarthara sangharsha barnana karuthiba nibandha prakash karithila . stock shesh thara paain 2009 masiha basanta ruture pharmaceuticals ebong swasthya samasya khetrare wikipedia nibandhare sampadana karithila, jaahaa wiki-watch pratistha karibara eka barsha purbaru (2010 masiha sheshabhagare) ebong abhijogara dui barsha purbaru (july 2011) thila. derr spiegel" ray eka aanusthanika uttarare, stock abhijogagudiku khandan curry semananku "bhul" ebong "mithya" bolly kahichanti. stock daabi karithile je shay pharmaceutical company paain more paramarsha karjya purbaru eka pharmaceutical company sahita jadita entrigudikara sampadana karithile."taanka niz sweekara anusare, stockra sampadanagudika byaktigata swartha ebong chintadhararu utpanna hoithila ebong kahari dwara pradan karajai nathila. maatra parey, 2009 grishma ruturu, shay pharmaceutical companyre jogajoga paramarshadata bhabare karjya karithile. "ehi abhijoga upare "chalithiba aaingata bibada" ku drustire rakhi, stock wiki-wachara netrutwa pada ebong ehara internet platformre tankara prabesha adhikaraku chadideithile, kintu september 2011 ray eka dala-sadasya rahithile. viadrina europeah biswabidyalaja ehi abhijogaku "spust bhabare mithya" bolly kahichhi.

viki-vaach viki-vaach, rasmi taur utte () vajon janhiaa jaanda haii, wikipedia atey wikipedia lekhan dee pardarshta laee ikk german university project haii, jisda udesh vishesh taur utte media peshevaran laee haii. viki-vaach neey german wikipedia dey parshaskan daa ikk sarvekhan keeta atey prakashit keeta atey german wikipedia samassiaavan baare blogg niyamit taur 'teey prakashit keete. viki-vaach dee site viki-vaach.org wikipedia utte ankada samajh pardan karda haii. viki-vaach daa hissa.org pej vishleshan laee ikk mufat software application haii. ih tool aapne aap angrezi atey german witch wikipedia lekhan dee rasmi bharoseyogta daa mulankan karda haii. ih bharoseyogta dey aapne mulankan dey anusar panj-padhri mulankan ank paida karda haii. dooja, iss dee "vishesh samajh" darsaundi haii kii wikipedia witch lagbhag real time witch qee hoow riha haii. viki-vaach blogg wikipedia witch maujuda rujhanan noon darsaunda haii atey wikipedia project baare khabran dee coverage daa ikk sarot haii. viki-vaach noon germany dey frankfurt ainn dair oder witch viedrina european university witch vikast keeta giaa see. vikas team witch professor wolfgang stock atey johannes weberling shamal sunn. viki-vaach daa rasmi safaa vishleshan. viki-vaach daa rasmi vishleshan wikipedia lekh witch keeti gaee harek entary noon track curran 'teey nirbhar karda haii. ih sarotan dee ginti, sampadakan dee ginti atey lekh dey linkan dee ginti dee jaanch karda haii. vadhu lagu keete gaye wikitrust dey ander harek sampadak noon ikk "gunwatta score" vee ditta jaanda haii joe uhanan dey sampadanan dee bharoseyogta daa mulankan karda haii. lakkhan sampadakan neey wikipedia aintriaan witch yogdan paaiaa haii atey wikipedia dey ander jankari dee bharoseyogta maaharan witch bahis daa visha rahee haii. 2009 toon, wikimedia foundation uhanan text noon maarak curran baare vichaar qarr rahee see jinhan dee kaee sampadakan duaara samikhiaa jaan sampadan naheen keeta giaa see. bharoseyogta dee jaanch daa ih roop viddiak sansthavan dey ander vidvatapuran wikipedia samaggari dee savikarta noon vadha sakda haii. text tracking noon wikitrust pranali witch shamal keeta giaa haii, california centa cruze university witch chall rahey vikas witch atey viki-vaach witch lagu keeta giaa haii. khaas paath dey tukde jinhan noon change ank vaale kaee lekhakan duaara sampadit naheen keeta giaa haii, noon sambhavat taur 'teey bharoseyog jaan asurakhiat vajon jhanda ditta jaanda haii. bharoseyogta atey pratishtha scoring pranali sampadan itihaas atey upbhogtavan duaara sodhan dee ginti dey adhaar teey text dey tukdiaan daa mulankan curran laee ikk rung code skeem dee varton kardi haii, jiss naal ih sanket milda haii kii ikk lekh dey ander qee bharoseyog tabdiliaan hoow sakdiaan hunn. harek sampadak dee bharoseyogta daa mulankan uhanan duaara vakkh-vakkh lekhan witch keetiaan gaeeaan tabdiliaan dee samikhiaa karke keeta jaanda haii, atey ih vekhan laee kii horr sampadakan duaara sampadan toon baad yogdan kinni changi tarahan bachda haii, uhanan dey yogdanan noon track keeta jaanda haii. safe daa vishleshan kujh antran dey naal wikibu naal tulnatmak haii. wikitrust wikibu naalon vadhere vistrit haii. viki-vaach sarotan dee gunwatta utte vadhere zor dindi haii, jadon kii wikibu sarotan utte views dee matra utte vadhere zor dindi haii. viki-vaach daa udesh media peshevaran laee haii, jadon kii wikibu daa udesh vidiaarthiaan atey adhiaapkan laee haii. "vishesh samajh". viki-vaach witch "vishesh samajh" witch maujuda wikipedia vikas (qee atey kaunn) dee ikk sankhep sankhep jankari dikhai gaee haii. upbhogta ikk ghante toon ikk maheene dey vichkaar drishan dee chonh qarr sakde hunn. ikk laug-inn upbhogta vadhere vistrit ankade dekh sakda haiyav ziaadaatar padhe panne, navein panne, ziaadaatar sampadit panne, atey iss tarahan dey horr. iss toon ilava, sabh toon vaddh padhe jaanh vaale panniaan laee graph pardan keete jaande hunn, joe harr dinn dey vicharan noon pradarshit karde hunn taan joe pathak dekh sake kii kise lekh witch dilchaspi vadh rahee haii jaan bnd hoow rahee haii. vishesh samajh" sampadan yuddhan atey hataun dey naal-naal parshaskan atey shakti sampadakan deeaan gatividhiaan noon pradarshit kardi haii. sahi-sansthapak dee alochna. julai 2011 witch akhbar neey viki-vaach laee sahi-sansthapak wolfgang stock dey kamm atey ikk pharmaceutical company laee uss dey kamm dey vichkaar kathit hittan dey takraa daa varnan karde hoye lekh prakashit keete joe uss dee agency convincet daa ikk gaahak see. stock neey aakhri vaar basant rutt 2009 witch pharmaceutical atey sihat dey muddiaan dey khetar witch wikipedia lekhan witch sampadan keeta see, joe viki-vaach dee sathapana toon ikk saal pahilan (2010 dey akheer witch) atey dosh toon doou saal pahilan (julai 2011) see. dair spiegel" witch ikk rasmi jawab witch, stock neey doshan daa khandan keeta, unhan noon "galat" atey "galat" kiha. stock neey daava keeta kii uss neey pharmaceutical company laee merey salahkari kamm toon pahilan ikk pharmaceutical company naal sabandhat aintriaan dey aapne sampadan keete sunn."uss dey aapne savikar duaara, stock dey sampadan nijji hitt atey chinta toon prapat hoye sunn atey kise duaara bhugtan naheen keete gaye sunn. baad witch, 2009 deeaan garmiaan toon, usne pharmaceutical company laee ikk sanchar salahkar vajon kamm keeta see. "doshan 'teey chall rahey kanunni vivaad dey maddenazar, stock neey viki-vaach dee aapni agvai dee sathiti atey iss dey internet platform takk pahunch dey adhikar chhadd ditte, parr satambar 2011 witch ikk team-member riha. viedrina european university neey doshan noon "spasht taur 'teey galat" kiha.

viki-vaach viki-vaach, aupachaarikaroopena () iti namna prasidhah, wikipedia-wikipedia-lekhanam paradarshakatayaha krute german-vishvavidyaalaya-pariyojanaa asti, visheshatah maadhyam-vyavasayikanam krute. viki-vaach-samsthaa german-wikipedia-samasyanam vishaye german-wikipedia-ityasya prashasakanam, blagg-ityasya cha sarve niyamitaroopen aayojy prakaashayat cha. viki-vaach ityasya jalaputam viki-vaach iti asti.org wikipedia ityatra saankhyikeey-antardrushtih pradadaati. viki-vaach ityasya bhaagah.o. aar. jii. iti prushtavishleshanaartham nihshulka-tantraamsha-anuprayogah asti. etat saadhanam svayameva aangl-german-bhashayoho wikipedia-lekhanam aupachaarika-vishvasaneeyataam moolyaankayati. etat vishvasaneeyataayaah mulyankanena anuroopam panchastariyam mulyamkan-ankam nirmayate. dwiteeyam, tasya "vishesha-antardrushtih" wikipedia-madhye praayah vaastavika-samaye kim ghatate iti darshayati. viki-vaach-blagg wikipedia-madhye vartamaanapravruttim soochayati, wikipedia-pariyojanaayaah vishaye vaartaaprasaaranasy srotah asti. viki-vaachah jarmaneedeshasy frankfurt-enn-derr-oder-nagarasya viyadrina-european-vishvavidyaalaye vikasitah. vikaasadale pradhyapakou wolf-gyaang-stack, johannes-weberling cha aasan. viki-vaach ityasya aupachaarikaprushtavishleshanam. viki-vaach ityasya aupachaarikavishleshanam wikipedia-lekhasya pratyekasya pravishtihi anusaranam karoti. etat srotaanaam sankhyaa, sampadakanam sankhyaa, lekhasya link-sankhyaa cha pareekshayati. atirikta-karyanvita-wickitrust ityasya antah pratyekasmai sampaadakaay "gunavattaasampannam" ankam api deeyate yat teshaam sampadananam vishvasaneeyataam nirdhaarayati. laxashah sampaadakaah wikipedia-pravishtishu yogadam dattavantah, wikipedia-madhye suchananam vishvasaneeyataam cha vidnyaanaam madhye vivaadasya vishayam abhavat. 2009 tamaat varshaat, wikimedia-pratishtaanam bahu-sampaadakaih naa samikshitam vaa sampaadanam vaa naa krutam iti paatham "apramaanitam" iti ankayitum vichaaram kurvan aasit. vishvaasaarhataayaah parikshanasya etat roopam shaikshanikasamsthaasu wikipedia-vishayasya vidvataapoornasya svikaryatam vardhayitum shaknoti. paathya-anurekhanam wickitrust-vyavasthaayaam nigruheetam, california-santa-cruze-vishvavidyaalaye prachalite vikaase, viki-vaach-madhye kaaryaanvitam cha. uttama-ankayukttaih bahwyah lekhakaih naa sampaaditaah vishishtaah paathya-khandaah sambhaawyen awishwasaneeyah asurakshitah vaa iti ghoshitaah santi. vishvasaneeyataam pratishtaam cha anka-pranaali, sampaadanasya itihasasya, upayoktrubhih samshodhanaam cha sankhyaah aadhrutya, paathyasya khandanam mulyamkanam kartum varna-sanketa-yojanaa upayujyate, yena lekhasya antah keshu avishvasaneeyaani parivartanaani bhavitum arhanti iti sanketah bhavati. pratyekam sampaadakasya vishvasaneeyataayaah mulyankanam, vividha-lekhanam krute teshaam parivartanaanaam samikshaya, anya-sampaadakaih sampadananam anantaram yogadanani kiyat uttamarupena tishtanti iti drashtum teshaam yogadanasya nirikshanam krutvaa cha bhavati. prushtavishleshanam wikiboo ityanena saha tulyate, yatra kechan bhedaah santi. wickitrust iti wikiboo ityasya apekshayaa vistrutam asti. viki-vaachah srotaanaam gunavattaam adhikam oottih karoti, vikibu-samsthaa mulanam apekshayaa drushyaanaam parimanam adhikam uddeepnot. viki-vaach iti maadhyam-vyavasayikanam krute asti, vikibu iti chhatranam shikshakanam cha krute asti. "ananyam antardrushtih". vishesha-antardrushtih" ityasmin viki-vaach iti vartamaan-wikipedia-vikaasasya (kim, kah cha) sankshiptam avalokanam darshayati. upayoktaarah ekaghantaayaah ekamaasasya cha madhye drushyaani chinoyuh. laag-inn-upayoktuh adhikavyaakhyaayuktam saankhyikee-vivaranam drashtum shaknoti-adhikaamshaah pathitaah prushtaah, nootan-prushtaah, adhikaamshaah sampaadita-prushtaah ityadini. tadatiriktam, sarvaadhikam patitaanaam prushtaanaam krute rekhaachitraani pradattaah, pratidinam drushyaani pradarshanti, yena paathakah pashyati yat lekhasya vishaye ruchihi vardhamana vaa naa samapta vaa iti. vishesha-antardrushtih" iti sampaadana-yuddhaani, apasaaranaani cha, prashasakanam, shaktti-sampadakanam cha karyani cha pradarshayati. saha-samsthaapakasya alochana. 2011 julai-maase, vikivyaach ityasya saha-samsthaapakasya wolf-gyaang stack ityasya karyasya, tasya abhikaranasy convincet ityasya grahakasya aushadha-kampanee ityasya karyasya cha madhye kathita-hita-sangharshasya varnanam lekhaan vruttapatrah prakashitavan. stack ityanena 2009 tamasya varshasya vasantakaale, viki-vaach ityasya sthapanasya ekavarsham poorvam (2010 tamasya varshasya ante), aaropasy varshadvayam poorvam (2011 julai-maase), aushadha-chikitsaa-swaasthya-samasyanam vishaye wikipedia-lekhanam antimam sampaadanam krutam aasit. derr spiegel" ityasmin aupachaarika-uttare, stack ityanena aropan niraakrutam, taan "galatam", "asatyam" iti cha avadat. stack ityanena, "aushadha-kampenee krute mama paraamarsh-karyat poorvam, saha aushadha-kampanee sambadhaanaam pravishti-sampaadanaani krutavaan iti abhiprayat."swamanaskataa, stack ityasya sampaadanaani vyaktigata-hitaat chintayaa cha praaptaani, naa cha kasyaapi pratidaanam. tadanantaram eva 2009 tamavarshasya greeshmrutuhu aarabhy saha aushadha-kampenee krute sanchaar-paraamarshakaroopen karyam krutavaan. "aaropasy vishaye "prachalite kanunivivadasya drushtyaa", stack ityeshah viki-vaach ityasya netrutvapadam, tasya antarjaala-manchasya krute tasya abhigama-adhikaran cha parityajy, parantu 2011 september-maase dalasya sadasyah eva abhavat. viyadrina-european-vishvavidyaalayaha aropan "spashtatayaa asatyam" iti abhinidishtavaan.

vikki-vaatch vikki-vaatch, muraiyaaga () endru azhaikkappadukirathu, idhu wikipedia mattrum wikipedia katturaigalin velippadaiththanmaikkaana oru jerman palkalaikkazhaga thittamaagum, kurippaaga uudaga nipunarkalai ilakkaakak kondullathu. vikki-vaatch jerman wikipedia mattrum valaippathivukalin nirvaagigalin kanakkeduppai nadaththi jerman wikipedia sikkalkal kuritthu thavaraamal veliyittathu. vikki-vaatchin thalam vikki-vaatch.org vikkippeediyaavil pullivivara nunnarivugalai valangkukirathu. vikki-vaatchin oru pakuthi.org enbathu pakka paguppaaivukkaana oru ilavasa menporul payanpaadaagum. inththa karuvi aangkilam mattrum jerman mozhigalil wikipedia katturaigalin muraiyaana nambagaththanmaiyai thaanaagavae mathippidukirathu. idhu adhan nambagaththanmai mathippeettirku aerpa ainthu nilai mathippeettu mathippennai uruvaakkukirathu. irandaavathaaka, adhan "pirathyaeka nunnarivu" vikkippeediyaavil kittatthatta nigazhnaeraththil enna nadakkirathu enbathaik kaattukirathu. vikki-vaatch valaippathivu vikkippeediyaavil tharpoothaiya poakkugalaik kandarigiradhu mattrum wikipedia thittam pattriya seithi seithigalin aathaaramaakum. vikki-vaatch germanyin frankfurt aann terr oadaril ulla viatrina iroappiya palkalaikkazhagaththil uruvaakkappattathu. maempaattuk kuzhuvil paeraasiriyarkal wolfgang stack mattrum johannes weberling aagiyoar adangkuvar. vikki-vaatchin muraiyaana pakka pakuppaaivu. vikki-vaatchin muraiyaana pakuppaaivu wikipedia katturaiyil seiyappatta ovvoru ulleettaiyum kankaanippathai nambiyullathu. idhu aathaarangkalin ennikkai, aasiriyarkalin ennikkai mattrum katturaiyin inaippugalin ennikkaiyai saripaarkkirathu. koodudhal seyalpaduththappatta wickitrestukkul ovvoru edittarukkum avarkalin thiruththangkalin nambagaththanmaiyai mathippidum "tharamaana mathippen" vazhangkappadukirathu. nooraayirakkanakkaana aasiriyargal wikipedia ulleedugalukku bangaliththullanar, maelum vikkippeediyaavirkul ulla thagavalkalin nambagaththanmai nipunarkalidaiye vivaathaththirku utpattullathu. 2009 muthal, wikimedia arakkattalai pala aasiriyargalaal mathippaaivu seiyappadaatha allathu thirutthappadaatha uraiyai "soathikkappadaathathu" endru kurikka pariseeliththu vanthathu. inththa vagaiyaana nambagaththanmai saripaarppu kalvi niruvanangalukkul arivaattral wikipedia ulladakkaththai aetrtrukkolvathai maempaduththum. california sanda cruze palkalaikkazhagaththil nadaipettru varum valarchchiyil, vikki-kankaanippu muraiyil seyalpaduththappattu, urai kankaanippu wickitrest amaippil inaikkappattullathu. nalla mathippen pettra pala ezhuththaalargalaal thirutthappadaatha kuripitta urai thundugal nambagaththanmai attravai allathu paathukaappattravai endru kurikkappadugindrana. nambagaththanmai mattrum narpeyar mathippen amaippu oru vannak kuriyeettu thittatthai payanpaduththi, uraith thundugalai mathippeedu seikirathu, idhu payanarkalin thiruththa varalaaru mattrum thiruththangkalin ennikkaiyin adippadaiyil, idhan moolam oru katturaiyil nambamudiyaatha maattrangkal enna enbathaik kurikkirathu. ovvoru aasiriyarin nambagaththanmai palvaeru katturaigalil avarkal seitha maattrangkalai mathippaaivu seivathan moolamum, mattra aasiriyarkalin thiruththankalukkup piragu pankalippukal evvalavu nandraaga ullana enbathaip paarkka avarkalin pankalippukalaik kankaanippathan moolamum mathippidappadukirathu. pakka pakuppaaivu sila vaerupaadugaludan vikkibuvudan oppidaththakkathu. vikkibuvai vida wickitrest migavum virivaanathu. vikki-vaatch aathaarangkalin tharatthai adhiga valiyuruththukirathu, athae neraththil vikkibu aathaarangkalai vida paarvaikalin alavai adhiga valiyuruththukirathu. vikki-vaatch uudaga nipunarkalai ilakkaakak kondullathu, athae neraththil vikkibu maanavargal mattrum aasiriyargalai ilakkaakak kondullathu. "pirathyaeka nunnarivu". vikki-vaatchil "pirathyaeka nunnarivu" tharpoothaiya wikipedia munnaettrangkal (enna, yaar) pattriya oru surukkamaana kannoattathaik kaattukirathu. payanarkal oru manii neram muthal oru maatham varai paarvaikalaith thernthedukkalaam. ulnuzhainththa payanar maelum virivaana pullivivarangkalaik kaanalaam perumbaalaanavargal padikkum pakkankal, puthiya pakkankal, perumpaalaana thirutthappatta pakkankal mattrum pala. koodudhalaaga, migavum padikappadum pakkankalukku varaipadangkal vazhangkappadugindrana, ovvoru naalum paarvaikalaik kaattugindrana, ithanaal oru katturaiyil aarvam adhigariththu kondirukkirathaa allathu kuraindhu kondirukkirathaa enbathai vaasagar paarkkiraar. pirathyaeka nunnarivu" enbathu thiruththa poarkal mattrum neekkuthalkal, aththudan nirvaagigal mattrum athikaara aasiriyarkalin seyalpaadugalaik kaattukirathu. inai niruvanarai vimarsiththal. juulai 2011 ill, vikki-vaatchukkaana inai niruvanar wolfgang stackin panikkum, avarathu agencyin convincettin vaadikkaiyaalaraaka irunththa oru marunthu niruvanaththirkaana avarathu panikkum idaiyilaana vatti moathal kuritthu vivarikkum katturaigalai seithiththaal veliyittathu. vikki-vaatch niruvappaduvatharku oru varudam munbu (2010 inn pirpaguthiyil) mattrum kuttrachaattukku irandu aandugalukku munbu (juulai 2011) 2009 vasantha kaalaththil marunththugal mattrum sugaathaara pirachchanaikal kuriththa wikipedia katturaigalil stack kadaisiyaaga thiruththankalaich seithathu. terr speakel" endra muraiyaana pathilil, pankuk koorugalai "thavaraanavai" mattrum "thavaraanavai" endru koori maruththathu. marunthu niruvanaththil enathu aaloasanai panikku munbu oru marunthu niruvanam thodarpaana ulleedugalin thiruththankalai avar seithathaaga stack koorinaar."avarathu sontha opputhalin puddy, pankukalin thiruththangkal thanipatta vatti mattrum akkaraiyilirunthu perapattana, maelum avai yaaraalum seluthappadavillai. pinnar, 2009 koadaiyil irunthu, avar marunthu niruvanaththil thagaval thodarbu aaloachakaraaka paniyaattrinaar. "kuttrachchaattil "nadanthu varum satta thagaraaru" kaaranamaaga, stack thanathu vikki-vaatch thalaimaip pathaviyaiyum adhan inaiya thalaththirkaana anugal urimaigalaiyum kaivittar, aanaal septumber 2011 ill oru kuzhu uruppinaraaga irunthaar. viatrina iroappiya palkalaikkazhagam inththa kuttrachchaattugalai "velippadaiyaaga poiyaanathu" endru kooriyadhu.

vikee-watch vikee-watch, adhikarikamga () anie piluvabadutundi, idhi wikipedia mariyu wikipedia vyasala paaradarsakata kosam, mukhyamgaa media nipunulanu lakshyamgaa chesukuni roopondinchina german vishwavidyaalaya project. vikee-watch german wikipedia samasyala gurinchi german wikipedia mariyu blagla nirvaahakula sarvenu nirvahinchi, prachurinchindi. vikee-watch sait vikee-watch.org wikipedialo ganaanka antardrushtulanu andistundi. vikee-vaachlo bhaagam.org anedi paejee vislaeshanha kosam oka uchita software application. eee sadhanam aanglam mariyu german bhaashalalo wikipedia vyasala adhikaarika viswasaneeyatanu svayamchaalakamgaa anchanaa vestundi. idhi viswasaneeyata yokka anchanaaku anugunamgaa aidu-sthaayi moolyaankanam skornu utpatti chestundi. rendavadi, daani "pratyaekamaina antardrushti" daadaapu nija samayamlo wikipedialo emi jarugutundo choopistundi. vikee-watch blogg wikipedialo prastuta pokadalanu gurtistundi mariyu wikipedia project gurinchi vaartala kavarejeeki muulam. vikee-watch germanyloni frankfurt yaan derr oderloni viadrina european vishwavidhyaalayamlo abhivruddhi cheyabadindi. abhivruddhi brundamlo professorlu wolfgang stock mariyu johannes weberling unnaaru. vikee-watch yokka adhikaarika paejee vislaeshanha. vikee-watch yokka adhikaarika vislaeshanha wikipedia vyaasamlo chesina prati namodunu track cheyadampai aadharapadi untundi. idhi muulaala sankhya, sampaadakula sankhya mariyu vyaasaaniki linkula sankhyanu tanikhi chestundi. adanapu amalu cheyabadina wikitrust lopala prati editarku vaari savaranala viswasaneeyatanu anchanaa vese "naanhyamaina skoru" kooda ivvabadutundi. lakshalaadi mandhi sampaadakulu wikipedia entreelanu andinchaaru mariyu wikipedialoni samacharam yokka viswasaneeyata nipunula madhya charchaneeyaamsamgaa maarindi. 2009 nundi, wikimedia foundation bahula sampaadakulu sameekshinchani ledhaa savarinchani vachananni "pareekshinchanidi" gaa gurtinchadaanni pariseelistoondi. viswasaneeyata tanikhi yokka eee roopam vidya samsthalalo wikipedia vishayaala yokka pandityapurna aamodaanni penchutundi. text tracking wikitrust vyavasthalo vileenam cheyabadindi, california shanta cruze vishwavidhyaalayamlo konasagutunna abhivruddhilo mariyu vikee-vaachlo amalu cheyabadindi. manchi score unna bahula rachayitalu savarinchani nirdishta vachana sakalaalu nammadaganivi ledhaa surakshitam kaadani flag cheyabadataayi. viswasaneeyata mariyu keerti scoring vyavastha, edit charitra mariyu viniyogadaarula savaranala sankhya aadhaaramgaa, vachana bhaagaalanu anchanaa vaeyadaaniki rangu code pathakaanni upayogistundi, tadwara vyaasamlo nammadagani maarpulu emito suuchistumdi. prati sampadakudi viswasaneeyatanu vaaru vividha vyasalalo chesina maarpulanu sameekshinchadam dwara anchanaa veyabadutundi mariyu itara sampaadakula savaranala tarvaata vaari rachanalu entha baga manugada saagistaayo chuudataaniki vaari rachanalanu track chestaaru. paejee vislaeshanha konni vyatyaasaalato vikeebutho polchavachhu. wikibrust anedi wikibu kante marinta vivaramgaa untundi. vikee-watch muulaala naanhyatanu marinta nokki chebutundi, ayithe wikibu muulaala kante veekshanhala parimaanaanni ekkuvagaa nokki chebutundi. vikee-watch media nipunulanu lakshyamgaa chesukoga, wikibu vidyaarthulu mariyu upaadhyaayulanu lakshyamgaa chesukundi. "pratyaekamaina avagahana". pratyeka antardrushti" vikee-watch prastuta wikipedia parinaamaala (emi mariyu evaru) yokka sankshipta avalokanaanni chooputundi. viniyogadaarulu oka ganta nundi oka nela madhya veekshanhalanu enchukovachhu. lagin ayina viniyogadaaru marinta vivaranaatmaka ganaamkaalanu chudavachuhu chaalaa mandhi chadive paejeelu, kotta paejeelu, chaalaa savarinchina paejeelu modalainavi. adanamgaa, ekkuvagaa chadive paejeela kosam graphlu andinchabadataayi, prati roeju veekshanhalanu pradarsistaayi, tadwara paatakudiki oka vyaasam patla aasakti perugutondaa ledhaa aagipotundaa anie telustundi. pratyeka antardrushti" anedi yuddhaalanu savarinchadam mariyu tolaginchadam, alaage nirvaahakulu mariyu adhikara sampaadakula karyakalapalanu pradarsistundi. saha vyavasthaapakudipai vimarsalu. vikee-watch kosam saha vyavasthaapakudu wolfgang stock yokka pani mariyu athani agency convinset yokka client ayina pharmaceutical company kosam athani pani madhya paraspara prayojanaala sangharshananu vivarinche kathanaalanu juulai 2011loe vaartaapatrika prachurinchindi. stock 2009 vasantakaalamlo pharmaceuticals mariyu aarogya samasyala rangamlo wikipedia kathanaalaku chivarisariga savaranalu chesindi, idhi vikee-watch sthaapinchadaaniki oka samvatsaram mundu (2010 chivaralo) mariyu aaropanaku rendu samvatsaraala mundu (juulai 2011). derr spiegel" loe adhikaarika samadhanamlo, stock aaropanalanu khandinchindi, vaatini "tappu" mariyu "abaddham" anie perkondi. neenu pharmaceutical companylo consulting pani cheyadaaniki mundu oka pharmaceutical companyki sambandhinchina entreela savaranalu chesanani stock perkondi."thana sonta oppukolu prakaram, stock yokka savaranalu vyaktigata aasakti mariyu aandolana nundi udbhavinchaayi mariyu evaruu chellinchaledu. aaa taruvaata, 2009 vesavi nundi, athanu aushadha samsthalo communications consultantga panicheesaadu. "aaropanapai "konasagutunna chattaparamaina vivaadam" drishtya, stock vikee-watch yokka nayakatva sthaanaanni mariyu daani internet platfamku thana praapyata hakkulanu vadulukunnadu, conny september 2011loe jattu sabhyudiga konasagaru. viyadrina european vishwavidyaalayam eee aaropanalanu "spashtamgaa abaddham" anie perkondi.

veeki waach veeki waach jasay bazabtah toor parr () kay naam say jaana jaataa hay vacapedia aur vacapedia kay mazamin kii shafafiyat kay liye eek german university kaa mansubah hay jiss kaa maqsad khaas toor parr mediya kay paishah warr afraad haine. veeki waach nay german vacapedia kay masail kay baaray mein german vacapedia aur blogs kay muntazmin kaa eek sarway kiyaa aur shaye kiyaa. veeki waach kii saait veeki waach.org vacapedia parr shumariyati basirat farahim kartaa hay. veeki waach kaa hasah.org safha tajziya kay liye eek mufta saaft wayer apply cashion hay. yaha toal khood bakhud angrezi aur german mein vacapedia kay mazamin kii bazabtah washosaniyata kaa jaizah leeta hay. yaha washosaniyata kay iss kay jaizay kay mutabiq paanch satah kaa tashkhisi score paida kartaa hay. dosra iss kii "khususi basirat" say patah chalta hay kahh vacapedia mein taqriba haqeeqi waqat mein kiyaa how rehaa hay. veeki waach blog vacapedia mein maujudah rujhanat kuu zahir kartaa hay aur vacapedia project kay baaray mein khabron kii courage kaa eek zariah hay. veeki waach germani kay frankfurt aine dair oder mein viadrina europi university mein tayaar kii gayee thee. tarqiyati team mein professors wolf gaing stock aur johans weberling shaamil thay. veeki waach kaa bazabtah safha tajziya. veeki waach kaa bazabtah tajziya vacapedia kay mazmun mein kii gayee harr andraj parr nazar rakhnay parr munhasir hay. yaha zaraye kii taadad editors kii taadad aur mazmun kay lunks kii taadad kii jaanch kartaa hay. izaafi naafiz kardah veeki trust kay andar harr editor kuu eek "kawalti score" bhee diyaa jaataa hay juu inn kii taramim kii washosaniyata kaa andazah lagaata hay. laakhon editors nay vacapedia kay andrajat mein hasah daala hay aur vacapedia kay andar mojud malumat kii washosaniyata mahireen kay darmiyan bahas kaa mozua rahee hay. 2009 say vacamedia foundation aisey mutan kuu nashaan zad karnay parr ghoor kirr rahee thee jiss kaa mutadid editors nay jaizah yaa tarmim nahein kii thee aur asay "ghair tajarbah shadah" qaraar diyaa thaa. washosaniyata kii jaanch kii iss shakal say taleemi idaaron kay andar elmi vacapedia mawaad kii qabuliyat mein izafah how saktaa hay. text trekking kuu wakee trust system mein shaamil kiyaa gayaa hay juu university aaf california saanta karoz mein jaari tarqi mein hay aur veeki waach mein naafiz kiyaa gayaa hay. mutan kay makhsus takday jinn mein achhay score waalay mutadid masnafeen nay tarmim nahein kii hay inhein mamkanah toor parr naqabil aetemad yaa ghair mahfuz qaraar diyaa jaataa hay. washosaniyata aur saakh scoring system mutan kay takadon kaa jaizah leenay kay liye rangeen code schem kaa istemaal kartaa hay juu tarmim kii tareekh aur saarfin kii taraf say nazar saani kii taadad kii bunyaad parr hotaa hay iss tarah yaha asharah milta hay kahh mazmun kay andar kiyaa naqabil aetemad tabdiliyan how sakti haine. harr editor kii washosaniyata kaa andazah mukhtalif mazamin mein kii gayee tabdiliyon kaa jaizah lay kirr aur inn kii sharakat kaa saraag lagaa kirr kiyaa jaataa hay taakah yaha dekha jaa sakay kahh dosray editors kii tarmim kay baad sharakat katni achhi tarah say barqarar rehti hay. safha kaa tajziya kachh ikhtelafat kay saath wikibo say mawaznah kiyaa jaataa hay. veeki trust wikibo say ziyadah tafsili hay. veeki waach zaraye kay mayaar parr ziyadah zoor deeti hay jabkah wikibo zaraye parr viewz kii maqdar parr ziyadah zoor deeta hay. veeki waach kaa maqsad mediya kay paishah warr afraad haine jabkah wikibo kaa maqsad talbaa aur asatazah haine. "khususi basirat. khususi basirat" mein veeki waach vacapedia kii maujudah paish raft (kiyaa aur coone) kaa eek jaamaa jaizah dikhati hay. saarfin eek ghantay say eek maah kay darmiyan viewz kaa intekhaab kirr saktay haine. laag inn honay waala saarif mazeed tafsili aidaad woo shamaar deekh saktaa hay: ziyadah tarr padhay gayey safhaat nayey safhaat ziyadah tarr tarmim shadah safhaat waghairah. mazeed baraan sabb say ziyadah padhay jaanay waalay safhaat kay liye graaf farahim kiye jaatay haine juu harr dunn kay khayalat kuu zahir kartay haine taakah qaareen kuu malum how kahh aayaa kasee mazmun mein dilchaspi badh rahee hay yaa khatam how rahee hay. khususi basirat" tarmim shadah jangon aur hazfiyon kay saath saath muntazmin aur pawar editors kii sargarmiyon kuu zahir karti hay. shareek baanee parr tanqeed. jolayi 2011 mein akhbaar nay mazamin shaye kiye jinn mein shareek baanee wolf gaing stock kay veeki waach kay kaam aur eek dawaa saaz company kay liye inn kay kaam kay darmiyan mubinah mufadat kay tasadam kuu biyaan kiyaa gayaa juu inn kii agency convencet kaa client thaa. stock nay aakhri baar 2009 kay mosam bahaar mein dawasazi aur sehat kay masail kay shobay mein vacapedia kay mazamin mein tarmim kii thee juu kahh veeki waach kii bunyaad rakhnay say eek saal pehley (2010 kay aakhir mein) aur alzaam laganay say duu saal pehley (jolayi 2011) thaa. dair speegal" mein eek bazabtah jawaab mein stock nay alzamaat kii tardid kartay hoay inhein "ghalat" aur "ghalat" qaraar diyaa. stock nay daawi kiyaa kahh iss nay dawaa saaz company kay liye miray mashawarti kaam say pehley eek dawaa saaz company say mutaliq andrajat mein tarmim kii thee."iss kay apnay aiteraf kay mutabiq stock kii taramim zaati dilchaspi aur tashwesh say haasil hoyee thein aur kasee nay inn kii adayegi nahein kii thee. iss kay baad hyee 2009 kay mosam garma say inhon nay dawaa saaz company kay liye mawasilati masheer kay toor parr kaam kiyaa thaa. "alzaam parr "jaari qanuni tanazah" kuu dekhtay huay stock nay veeki waach kii qayadat kii position aur iss kay internet plait faarm takk rasayi kay haqoq kuu turk kirr diyaa leakin satambar 2011 mein team kaa rakan rehaa. viadrina europi university nay inn alzamaat kuu "waazah toor parr ghalat" qaraar diyaa.

fffcee45a2438334fe3b1ee817f99ef5b52caeee2511f9b87846bb7917f9ea4e

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11316630

Taekwondo at the 1995 Pan American Games

Taekwondo at the 1995 Pan American Games Taekwondo competition International sporting event This page shows the results of the Taekwondo Competition at the 1995 Pan American Games, held from July 23 to August 8, 1995, in Mar del Plata, Argentina. There were a total number of eight medal events, four for both men and women. References. <br> <br>

1995 sonor penn aamerikan gamesot taikuwandu ei pristhatuwe 1995 sonor 23 julyr poraa 8 aagosto, 1995 loike argentiner maar dell platat onusthito huwa 1995 sonor penn aamerikan gamesot taikuwandu protijugitar folafol dekhuway. purux aaru mohila duyure baabe sarita podok eventor muth aathta event aasil. proxongo. <bi. aar.> <bi. aar.>

1995 pyana american gamese taikoando eyi pristhai argentiner maar dell plata 23shhey julai theke 8ee august, 1995 porjonto onusthito 1995 pyana american gamese taikoando protijogitar folafol dekhano hoyeche. purush oo mohila ubhoyer jonno charti korey moat atti podok event chhilo. reference. <bii. arr> <bii. arr>

yojaayeli payne american ramatomaa taikwondo aaa prushth argentine maar dail plata khaate 23 julythi 8 august, 1995 sudhee yojaayeli yojaayeli payne american ramatomaa taikwondo spardhana parinaamo darshaave chhe. coole aath medala events hatee, jemaa purusho aneey maheelao banne maate chaar medala events hatee. sandarbho. <bii. aar.> <bii. aar.>

1995 paine americi khelon mein taikwando yeh prishth 23 julaai seey 8 agast, 1995 taka maar dell plata, argentine mein aayojit 1995 paine american khelon mein taikwando pratiyogita key parinamon koo darshaata haye. kull aathh padak pratiyogitaaen huin, jinamen seey chaar purushon aur mahilaaon donon key liye theen. sandarbh. <bee. aar.> <bee. aar.>

1995rahra pyaan american kridakutadalli takewando ee putavu 1995rahra julai julai august august argenteenaada maar dell plaataadalli nadeda pyaan american kridakutadalli takewando spardheya phalitaamshagalannu torisuttade. ottu entu padaka spardhegalu nadedavu, purusharu mattu mahileyaru ibbarigoo naalku. ullekhagalu. <bii. aarr.> <bii. aarr.>

1995 paan american gamesil taikwondo 1995 juulai 23 muthal august 8 vare arjanteenayile maar dell plattayil nadanna paan american gamesile taikwondo malsarathinte phalangal eee peju kaanikkunnu. purushanmarkkum sthreekalkkum naalu medel enangal ulppede motham ettu medel enangal undaayirunnu. paraamarshangal. <bii. aarr.> <bii. aarr.>

panne american khelanmadhil tayakwando heey prushth 23 julai teey 8 august 1995 yaa kalavadhit argentinamadhil maar dell plata yethe jhalelya 1995 salchya panne american khelanmadhil tayakwando spardheche nikal darshavate. purush aanee mahila doghansathi chaar asha ekoon aath padak spardha hotya. sandarbh. <bii. aar.> <bii. aar.>

sann 1995 ko pyan american khelharuma taikwando yass prishthale sann 1995 ko july 23 dekhi august 8,1995 samma argentinaca marr dayle platama ayojit pyan american khelharuma tykwando pratiyogitako parinam dekhaunchha. tyahan kull atha padak pratiyogitaharu thie, purush rar mahila duwaika lagi chaar. sandarbhaharu. <bra> <bra>

1995 paana americae gamesray tykwando ehi prusthare argentiner maar dayle platathare july 23 ru august 8,1995 parjyanta anusthita 1995 paan americae gamesray tykwando pratijogitara phalaphal darshajaichhi. mote athati padaka pratijogita thila, jeunthire ubhaja purush ebong mahilanka paain charoti thila. sandarbha. <bii. aarr.> <bii. aarr.>

1995 paen american khedan witch taikwando ih safaa maar dell plata, argintine witch 23 julai toon 8 agast, 1995 takk aayojit 1995 paen american khedan witch taikwando mukabale dey natije darsaunda haii. kull atth tamge mukabale hoye, jinhan vicchon chaar purshan atey aurtan dovan laee sunn. havale. <bee. aar.> <bee. aar.>

1995 tame varshe paan-american-kreedaasu tekwaando-kreedaayaah ayojanam. ayam prushtah 1995 tame varshe julai 23 taha august 8,1995 paryantam argentina-deshasya maar-dell-plata-nagare aayojiteshu paan-american-kreedaasu tech-vaando-spardhayaha parinaman darshayati. purushaanaam mahilanam cha krute chatwaarah, aahaty ashtapadakaanganaani aasan. sandarbhah. <bee. aar.> <bee. aar.>

1995 paan american vilaiyaattukalil takewando inthap pakkam 1995 aam aandu juulai 23 muthal august 8,1995 varai argentinavin maarr dell plaadaavil nadaipettra paan american vilaiyaattukalil takewando poattiyin mudivugalaik kaattukirathu. moththam ettu pathakka nigazhvugal irunththana, aangal mattrum penkal iruvarukkum naanku. kurippugal. <pr> <pr>

1995 paan american gameslo taikwando eee paejee 1995 juulai 23 nundi augustu 8,1995 varaku argentinaloni maar dell platalo jarigina paan american gameslo taikwando pootii phalitaalanu chooputundi. purushulu mariyu mahilalu iddarikee naalugu mottam enimidi pataka pootiilu jarigaayi. suuchanalu. <br> <br>

1995 kay peen american games mein taikwando yaha safha 1995 kay peen american games mein taikwando muqabilay kay nataij dikhata hay juu 23 jolayi say 8 agast 1995 takk argentine kay maar dail plata mein munaqid hoay thay. tamaghon kay kill aath muqabilay huay jinn mein say chaar mardon aur khwatin donon kay liye thay. hawalah jaat. <bee aar> <bee aar>

fffcf3fb71998794d8dc27bd175f67bdacc4a86f2f135d6a0b5d7564ff432cd9

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63824958

B. L. Santhosh

B. L. Santhosh Indian politician Bommarabettu Laxmijanardhana Santhosh is an Indian politician currently serving National General Secretary of Bharatiya Janata Party from 15 July 2019. Santhosh worked as BJP's General Secretary (Organisation) for eight years in the Karnataka state unit and was appointed national joint general secretary in-charge of southern states in 2014 by Amit Shah. Early life. Santhosh hails from Bommarabettu Grama Panchayat, Udupi District in Karnataka and belongs to the Shivalli Brahmin community. He studied Instrumentation Technology in BDT College of Engineering in Davanagere, Karnataka. Career. Santosh started as a RSS Pracharak (full-time worker) in 1993. He had stints in Mysuru, Shivamogga and later in Bangalore. He returned to Shivamogga in the early 2000s. In 2006 he moved to BJP as the General Secretary (Organization) for Karnataka. He remained in the post till 2014. This also saw the BJP in power between 2008 and 2013. In 2014, Santosh was made the Joint General Secretary (Organization) of BJP. In 2019 he was elevated to the post General Secretary (Organization) of BJP. He is someone who is attributed to have spotted and groomed youth leaders such as Pratap Simha and Tejasvi Surya in Karnataka. Detractors say Santosh wields a lot of control in Karnataka BJP and within the BJP high command at the center. People quote the fact that 2 unknown faces, Ashok Gasti and Eranna Kadadi, were made members of Rajya Sabha by the BJP in June 2020 much against the wishes of the Chief Minister. Controversy. Santosh in January 2020 reported that Valmikis, Bhovis, Waddars, and other Dalit societies are migrants, not native communities. J. N. Ganesh criticized him and said his assertion was incorrect. The Federation of Progressive Organizations organized a protest, demanding that he be charged under the SC/ST Act. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

bi. el. xontux bob 'marabettu lokhmijonordhon xontux ejon bharotiyo rajneetibid ji bortoman 15 july 2019ror poraa bharotiyo jonota partyr rastriyo xadharon xompadok hisape xewa aagborhai aase. xontuxe kornatok rajyik gutot aath bosor dhori bijepir xadharon xompadok (xongothon) hisape kaam korisil aaru 2014 sonot omito swahe dokhyinor rajyoxomuhor dayitwoxil rastriyo jutiya xadharon xompadok hisape nijukti laabh korisil. prarombhik jiwan. xontux kornatokor udupi jilaar bommorabettu graam ponchayotor baxinda aaru xibolli brahman xomprodayor ontorgoto. teu kornatokor dobonagorer bi. di. ti. kolej owo engineeringot jontro projukti odhyoyon korisil. keriyar. xontux 1993 sonot ejon aar. ess. ess. prosarok (purnokalin kormi) hisape aarombho hoisil. teu maisuru, xibomuga aaru pisot bangalurot kaam korisil. 2000-ror doxokor aarombhonite teu xibomugaloi ubhoti aahisil. 2006 sonot teu kornatokor xadharon xompadok (xongothon) hisape bi. je. pi.-loi yaay. teu 2014 sonoloike ei podot aasil. iyar uporiu 2008 sonor poraa 2013 sonor bhitorot bijepi khyomotat aasil. 2014 sonot xontuxok bi. je. pi.-ror jutiya xadharon xompadok (xongothon) hisape nijukti diya hoisil. 2019 sonot teuk bi. je. pi.-ror xadharon xompadok (xongothon) podoloi unnit koraa hoisil. teu kornatokor protap xingho aaru tejoswi xurzor dore juwo netaxkolok sinakto kori prostut korar krititwo aase. birudhixokole koy je kornatokor bijepi aaru kendror bijepi hikemandor bhitorot xontuxe jothesto niyontron raakhe. manuhe ei kothatu uddhrito kore je 2 john ogyat mukh, oxuk gosti aaru eranna kadadik 2020 sonor june maahot bijipir dwara mukhyomontrir issar biporite rajyo xobhar xodosyo koraa hoisil. bitorko. 2020 sonor januaryt xontuxe prokax korisil je balmiki, bhuwi, waddar aaru onyanyo dolito xomaj probrojonkari, sthaniyo xomproday nohoy. je. eno. gonexe teuk xomaluchona kori teur daabi bhul buli koichil. progotixil xongothonxomuhor federatione teuk ess. chi/ess. ti aainor odhinot obhijukto korar dabire ek protibador aayujon korisil.

bii. ell. santosh bommarabettu lakshmijanaran santosh ekjon bharatiya rajnitibid jini bortomane 15 julai 2019 theke bharatiya jonota partyr jatiya sadharan sompadok hisebe dayitto palon korchen. santosh kornatok rajyo unite aatt bochor dhorey bijepir sadharan sompadok (sangathan) hisabe kaaj korechilen ebong 2014 saale amit shaah taanke dakkhiner rajyogulir dayitte jatiya jugmo sadharan sompadok nijukto korechilen. prathomik jeebon. santosh kornatoker udupi jelara bommarabettu grama panchayeter basinda ebong shivalli brahman sampradayer antarbhukta. tini kornatoker dabanagerete bii. dii. tii college off engineering-ayee jontroprojukti niye padashona corren. pesha. 1993 saale santosh ekjon rss procharok (purnakalin karmi) hisabe kaaj shuru corren. tini maisuru, shivmoga ebong porey bengalurute kaaj corren. 2000-err doshoker godar dike tini shivmogai firey asen. 2006 saale tini kornatoker sadharan sompadok (sangathan) hisabe bijepite choley zaan. tini 2014 saal porjonto eyi podey chhilen. err foley 2008 theke 2013 saaler modhye bijepi khomotai aase. 2014 saale, santoshke bijepir jugmo sadharan sompadok (sangathan) koraa hoy. 2019 saale tini bijepir sadharan sompadok (sangathan) podey unnito hohn. tini emon ekjon jini kornatke protap singho ebong tejaswi soorjer moto jubo netader chinnito oo sajiechilen boley money koraa hoy. birodhira bolchen, kornatoker bijepi ebong kendre bijepi hikemander modhye santosher onek niyantran royeche. manush eyi satyati uddhrito korey jey, 2 john ajana mukh, ashoke gosti ebong iranna kadadike 2020 saaler june maase mukhyomontrir ichchar biruddhe bijepi dwara rajyosobhar sadasya koraa hoyechilo. bitorko. 2020 saaler januaryte santosh janiyechilen jey balmiki, vovy, oyadar ebong anyanno dolito samaj abhibasi, sthaniya sampradai noy. jeey. enn. ganesh taanr samalochana corren ebong bollen jey taanr boktobbo bhul. progotishil sangathangulir phedareshana ekti protibader ayojan korey, jaate taake essie/estee aainer adhine abhijukto koraa hoy.

bii. aela. santosh bommarabettu lakshmijanardhan santosh aek bhaartiy rajkarani chhe, jeey haalmaa 15 julai 2019thee bhaartiy janata partyna raashtriy mahasachiv tareeke sevaa aapee rahyaa chhe. santoshe karnatak raajy ekammaa aath varsh sudhee beejepinaa mahasachiv (sangathan) tareeke kaama karyoo hatoo aneey 2014maan ameet shaah dwara dakshin rajyona raashtriy sanyukt mahasachiv prabhaari tareeke niyukt karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. praarambhik jeevan. santosh karnatakna udupi jeellana bommarabettu graam panchayatna rahevasi chhe aneey shivalli braahman samudaaynaa chhe. temane karnatakna davanagerema bii. dii. tii. college off angineeringma instrumentation technologyno abhyaas karyo hato. karkirdi. santoshe 1993maan rss prachaarak (purn-samaynaa kaarykar) tareeke sharuaat curry hatee. temane mysuru, shivmogga aneey pachhithi bangaloremaa kaama karyoo hatoo. teo 2000naa daaykaani sharuaatmaa shivmogaamaa parat faryaa hataa. 2006maan teo karnatak maate general secretory (sangathan) tareeke beejepeema gayaa. teo 2014 sudhee aaa pada parr rahyaa hataa. aaa saathe jaj 2008thee 2013nee vachche teo sattama pann aavyaa hataa. 2014maan santoshne beejepinaa sanyukt mahasachiv (sangathan) banavvama aavyaa hataa. 2019maan temne bii. jeey. pii. naa poosta general secretory (sangathan) tareeke badhatee aapvama aavee hatee. teo aevaa vyaktee chhe jemane karnatakma prataap simha aneey tejasvi soorya jevaa yuvaa netaaone joyaa aneey taiyar karyaa hovaanu manvama aave chhe. virodheeo kahe chhe keey karnatakma aneey kendramaa bii. jeey. pii. haai commandma santoshnu ghanoo niyantran chhe. loko aee hakeekatne taanke chhe keey 2 agnaat chaherao, ashok gastee aneey airanna kaadeene juuna 2020maan mukhyamantrini ichcha viruddh bhajap dwara rajyasabhana sabhyo banavvama aavyaa hataa. vivaad. santoshe january 2020maan ahewal aapyo hato keey valmiki, bhovee, vaddar aneey anya daleet samajo sthalaantar karnara chhe, mool samudaayo nahee. jeey. aena. ganeshe temnee teeka curry aneey kahyoo keey temnu nivedan khotu hatoo. pragatisheel sangathanona sanghe veerodh pradarshannu aayojan karyoo hatoo, jemaa temnee saame aesasi/aestee adhiniyam hethal aarop mukvani maang karvaamaa aavee hatee.

bee. ell. santosh bommarabettu lakshmeejanvardhan santosh ack bhaaratiya rajneta hain joe vartamaan mein 15 julaai 2019 seey bhaaratiya janata party key rashtriya mahasachiv key roop mein kaaryarat hain. santosh ney karnatak raajya ikai mein aathh saal taka bhajpa key mahasachiv (sangathan) key roop mein kaam kiya aur 2014 mein amit shaah dwara dakshini raajyon key prabhaari rashtriya sanyukt mahasachiv niyukt kiye gaye. praarambhik jeevan. santosh karnatak key udupi jile mein bommarabettu graam panchaayat key rahane vaale hain aur sivalli brahmin samudaay seey talluk rakhate hain. unhone karnatak key davanagere mein bee. dee. tii. college off engineering mein instrumentation technology kaa adhyayan kiya. carrier. santosh ney 1993 mein ack aar. aiss. aiss. prachaarak (purnakaalik karyakarta) key roop mein shuruat kii. unhone maisur, shivmoga aur baad mein bangalore mein kaam kiya. 2000 key dashak kii shuruat mein way shivmoga laut aae. 2006 mein way karnatak key mahasachiv (sangathan) key roop mein bee. jey. pee. chaley gaye. way 2014 taka iss pada parr rahey. isase 2008 aur 2013 key beach bhajpa satta mein bhee aaee. 2014 mein, santosh koo bee. jey. pee. kaa sanyukt mahasachiv (sangathan) banaaya gayaa thaa. 2019 mein unhein bee. jey. pee. key mahasachiv (sangathan) key pada parr padonnat kiya gayaa. vaha aise vyakti hain jinhone karnatak mein prataap sinh aur tejaswi soorya jaise yuva netaaon koo dekhaa aur taiyar kiya. virodhiyon kaa kahana haye kii karnatak mein aur kendra mein bhajpa alakman key bheetar santosh kaa bahut adhik niyantran haye. loga iss tathya kaa hawala dete hain kii 2 agyaat cheharon, ashok gasti aur irana kadadi koo mukhyamantri kii ichcha key khilaf juuna 2020 mein bhajpa dwara rajyasabha kaa sadasya banaaya gayaa thaa. vivaad. janwari 2020 mein santosh ney bataaya kii valmiki, bhovi, vaddar aur anya dalit samaaj pravaasi hain, mool samudaay naheen. jey. aine. ganesh ney unaki aalochana kii aur kahaa kii unakaa daavaa galat thaa. pragatisheel sangathanon key sangh ney ack virodh pradarshan kaa ayojan kiya, jisamen maang kii gaee kii una parr sc/st adhiniyam key tahat aarop lagaaya jaae.

bii. ell. santosh bommarabettu lakshmijanardhan santosh avaru bhaaratiya raajakaaraniyaagiddu, prastuta 2019rahra julai 15rinda bhaaratiya janata pakshada rashtriya pradhana karyadarshiyagi seve sallisuttiddaare. santosh avaru karnataka raajya ghatakadalli entu varshagala kaala bjp pradhana karyadarshiyagi (samsthe) kelasa maadidaru mattu 2014ralli amith shaa avaru daksina rajyagala rashtriya junty pradhana karyadarshiyagi nemakagondaru. arambhika jeevana. santosh karnatakada udupi jilleya bommarabettu graama panchayitiyinda bandavaru mattu shivalli brahmina samudaayakke seridavaru. avaru karnatakada devanagare bii. dii. tii. engineering colleginalli instrumentation technologyannu adhyayana maadidaru. vrattijeevana. santosh 1993ralli rss pracharaka (purnakaalika kaaryakarta) aagi praarambhisidaru. avaru mysuru, shivamoga mattu nantara bengalurinalli kelasa maadidaru. 2000dha dashakada aarambhadalli avaru shivamogakke maralidaru. 2006ralli avaru karnatakake pradhana karyadarshiyagi (samsthe) bii. zhe. pii. ge teralidaru. avaru 2014ravarege ee huddeyalliddaru. idu 2008 mattu 2013rahra naduve bjpyannu adhikaarakke tanditu. 2014ralli, santosh avarannu bjp junty pradhana karyadarshiyannagi (samsthe) maadalaayitu. 2019ralli avarannu bii. zhe. pii. yaya pradhana karyadarshi (samsthe) huddege airisalaayitu. aata karnatakada prataapa simha mattu tejashwi suryanantaha yuva nayakarannu gurutisida mattu belesida vyakti endu helalaaguttade. karnataka bii. zhe. pii. yalli mattu kendradalli bii. zhe. pii. hye kamandnolage santosh saakashtu niyantranavannu hondiddaare endu virodhigalu heluttaare. mukhyamantrigala aashayakke viruddhavaagi 2020rahra joonnalli bii. zhe. pii. yinda 2 aparichita mukhagalaada ashoka gasti mattu erannah kadadi avarannu rajyasabheya sadasyaraagi maadalaayitu emba amshavannu janaru ullekhisuttaare. vivaada. 2020rahra janavariyalli santosh, vaalmeekigalu, bhovigalu, vaaddargalu mattu itara dalita samajagalu valasegaararu, sthaliya samudaayagalalla endu varadi maadidaru. zhe. enn. ganesh avarannu tikisidaru mattu avara helikeyu tappagide endu helidaru. pragatipara samsthegala okkootavu avara mele ess. sii/ess. tii. kaydeyadi aaropa horisabekendu ottayisi pratibhataneyannu ayojisitu.

buub. ell. santosh bommarabettu lakshmijanvardhan santosh heey eka bharatiy rajkarani aahet, jeey sadhya 15 julai 2019 pasoon bharatiy janata pakshache rashtriy sarchitanis mhanoon karyarat aahet. santosh yanni karnatak rajya unitmadhye aath varshe beejepiche sarchitanis (sanghatana) mhanoon kaam kele aanee 2014 madhye amit shaah yanni tyanchi dakshinekadil rajyanche rashtriy sanyukt sarchitanis mhanoon prabhari mhanoon niyukti kelee. prarambhik jeevan. santosh haah moolcha karnatakatil udupi jilhyatil bommarabettu grampanchayaticha rahivasi aahe aanee shivalli brahman samudayatil aahe. tyanni karnatakatil davanagere yetheel bii. dii. tii. abhiyantriki mahavidhyalayat vadya tantradnyanacha abhyas keela. karkird. santosh yanni 1993 madhye aar. ess. ess. pracharak (purnavel karyakarta) mhanoon suruvat kelee. tyanni mysuru, shivmoga aanee nantar bengalurumadhye kaam kele. kele dashakachya suruvatila teey shivmogala paratale. 2006 madhye teey karnatakche sarchitanis (sanghatana) mhanoon bijepimadhye gele. 2014 paryant teey yaa padavar rahile. 2008 teey 2013 yaa kalatahi teey sattevar hote. 2014 madhye santosh yanna bii. jeey. pii. chey sanyukt sarchitanis (sanghatana) karnyat aale. 2019 madhye tyanna bii. jeey. pii. chey sarchitanis (sanghatana) mhanoon badhati denyat aalee. karnatakatil pratap sinh aanee tejaswi surya yansarkhya yuva netyanna tyanni olakhale aanee tyanna ghadavale asey manale jaate. karnatakchya bijepimadhye aanee madhyabhagi asalelya bjp hayakmandmadhye santoshache barech niyantran aahe, asey virodhak mhanatat. ashoke gastee aanee erana kadadi yaa done adnyat adnyat juuna 2020 madhye mukhyamantryanchya ichcheviruddha bhajapne rajyasabheche sadasya banavale hote, hii vastusthiti lock uddhrut karatat. vaad. santoshane janewari 2020 madhye nondavale qee valmiki, bhovi, vaddar aanee itar dalit samaj heey sthalantarit aahet, mool samuday naheet. jeey. aine. ganeshane tyanchyavar teeka kelee aanee tyanche mhanane chukiche asalyache sangitale. purogami sanghatananchya mahasanghane tyanchyavar ess. see./ess. tii. kayadyantargat aarop karanyachi magani karat nishedh aandolan aayojit kele.

bee. ell. santos bommarabettu laxmijanardhan santosh ekjana bharatiya rajnitigya hun jasle hall 15 july 2019 dekhi bharatiya janata partyko rashtriya mahasachivko rupma sewa gariraheka chhan. santoshle karnatak rajya ekaima atha warshasamma bijepiko mahasachiva (sangathan) kaa rupma kaam gare rar 2014 maa amit shahle dakshini rajyaharuko prabhari rashtriya sanyukta mahasachiva niyukta gare. prarambhik jiwan. santosh karnatakko udupi jillako bommarabettu gramm panchayatka hun rar shivlli brahman samudayaka hun. unle karnatakko dawanageresthit bi. dii. tii college aff engineeringma instrumentation technologyko adhyayan gare. currier. santoshle sann 1993 maa rss pracharak (purna-samaya karyakarta) ko rupma suru gare. unle maisuru, shivmogga rar pachhi bengalorema kaam gareka thie. uni sann 2000 ko dashakko suruma shivmogga farkie. sann 2006 maa uni karnatakka lagi mahasachiva (sangathan) ko rupma bijepima gae. uni sann 2014 samma yass padama rahe. yasale sann 2008 dekhi 2013 samma bijepilai sattama pani dekhyo. sann 2014 maa santoslai bijepiko sanyukta mahasachiva (sangathan) banaieko thiyo. sann 2019 maa uni bijepiko mahasachiva (sangathan) padama hurkeka thie. uni karnatakma pratap sinha rar tejaswi surya jasta yuwa netaharulai chinne rar tayar parney wyakti hun. karnatak bjp rar kendrama raheko bjp highcomandbhitra santoshko dherai niyantran raheko virodhiharu bataunchhan. manisharule 2 agyat anuharharu, ashok gasti rar erana kadadilai june 2020 maa bijepile mukhyamantriko ichchhako viruddhama rajyasabhko sadasya banaeko tathya uddhrit garchhan. vivad. santosle janawari 2020 maa walmiki, bhobhi, waddar rar anya dalit samajharu aprawasi hun, muel samudaya hoinan bhani report gare. jey. enn. ganeshle unko alochana gare rar unko dabi galat bhaeko batae. pragatishil sangathanharuko mahasanghale unlai sc/st ainantargat abhiyog lagauna mag gardai virodh pradarshan gareko thiyo.

bii. ell. santosh bommarabettu laxmijanardhana santosh jane bharatiah rajneta jie bartamana 15 july 2019 ru bharatiah janata partyra jatiah sadharana sampadaka bhabare karjya karuchanti. santosh cornatic rajya junitare aatha barsha parjyanta bijepir sadharana sampadaka (sangathana) bhabare karjya karithile ebong 2014 ray amith shahanka dwara dakhina rajyagudikara dajitware jatiah yugma sadharana sampadaka bhabare nijukta hoithile. prarambhika zeeban. santosh karnatkar udupi jillara bommarabettu gramm panchajataru aasichanti ebong shiballi brahmin sampradayara atanti. shay karnatkar dabanageresthita bii. dii. tii. college off injinijaringre jantra prajukti adhyajana karithile. kyariyara. santosh 1993 masihare jane aarr. ess. ess. pracharaka (purnakalina karmi) bhabe karjya arambha karithile. shay maisuru, shibmoga ebong parey bangalorare karjya karithile. 2000 dashkar prarambhare shay shibamogaku pherithile. 2006 masihare shay cornatic paain sadharana sampadaka (sangathana) bhabare bijepiku jaithile. shay 2014 parjyanta ehi padabeere rahithile. 2008 ru 2013 madhyare bjp khyamatare madhya rahithile. 2014ray, santoshanku bijepir yugma sadharana sampadaka (sangathana) karajaithila. 2019ray shay bijepir sadharana sampadaka (sangathana) padabeere unneet hoithile. shay epari jane byakti jieki karnatakare pratapa singh ebong tejaswee surjanka pari juba netamananku chinhat ebong prastuta karithiba kuhajae . birodheemane kahanti je cornatic bjp ebong kendrare bjp hikemand madhyare santoshankara bahuta nijantrana rahichhi. lokamane ehi satyaku uddhruta karanti je 2 john ajana chehera, ashoke gasti ebong irannah kadadinku june 2020 ray mukhyamantreenka ichhara biruddhare bjp dwara rajyasabhara sadasya karajaithila. bibada. 2020 januarire santosh suchana deithile je balmiki, bhobhi, wadara ebong anyanya dalita samaj prabasi, sthaniah sampradai nuhen. jay. enn. ganesh tanku samalochana karithile ebong taanka daabi bhul bolly kahithile. pragatiseela sangathanagudikara mahasangha eka bikhyobha ayojan karithila, jaahaa tanku ess. sii./ess. tii. adhiniam anujai abhijukta karibaku daabi karithila.

bee. aill. santosh bomarabetu lakshmijnardhan santosh ikk bharti siasatdan haii joe iss vele 15 julai 2019 toon bharti janata party dey rashtari general sakattar vajon seva nibha riha haii. santosh neey karnatak raaj ikai witch atth saal takk bjp dey general sakattar (sangathan) vajon kamm keeta atey 2014 witch amit shaah duaara dakkhni raajan daa incharge rashtari sanyukat general sakattar niyukat keeta giaa see. mudhla jeevan. santosh karnatak dey udupi zilhe dey bomarabetu graam panchait daa vasneek haii atey shivali brahman bhaichare naal sabandhat haii. unhan neey karnatak dey dwangere witch bee. dee. tii. kaalaj aaf engineering witch instrumentation technology dee padahi keeti. carrier. santosh neey 1993 witch ikk aar. aiss. aiss. pracharak (poore samein dey karamchari) vajon shuruat keeti see. unhan neey maisuru, shivmoga atey baad witch banglaur witch kamm keeta see. uh 2000 dey dahake dey shuru witch shivmoga waps aaa gaye. sann 2006 witch uh karnatak dey general sakattar (sangathan) vajon bhajpa chaley gaye. uh 2014 takk iss ahude utte rahey. iss naal 2008 toon 2013 darmiaan satta witch vee bhajpa aaee. sann 2014 witch santosh noon sanyukat general sakattar (sangathan) banaiaa giaa see. saal 2019 witch unhan noon bhajpa dey general sakattar (sangathan) dey ahude laee uccha keeta giaa see. uh uh viakati haii jiss neey karnatak witch pratap sinha atey tejaswi suriaa varge naujwan netavan noon dekhiaa atey tiaar keeta. virodhiaan daa kahina haii kii santosh daa karnatak bhajpa witch atey kendra witch bhajpa hyee command dey ander bahut ziaada niyantaran haii. lock iss tatth daa havala dinde hunn kii 2 anjaan chihre, ashoke gasti atey iranna kaddadi noon juun 2020 witch mukkh mantri dee ichha dey virudh bhajpa duaara raaj sabha daa member banaiaa giaa see. vivaad. santosh neey janwari 2020 witch dassiaa kii valmiki, bhovi, vaddaar atey horr dalit samaaj parvasi hunn, naa kii mool bhaichare. jey. ainn. ganesh neey unhan dee alochna keeti atey kiha kii unhan daa daava galat see. pragtishil sangathanan dee federation neey virodh pardarshan keeta, mung keeti kii uss utte aiss. see./aiss. tii. aikat tehat dosh lagaiaa jaave.

kha. a. santoshah. bommaraabettu lakshmijanardhan santoshah ekaha bharatiyaha raajaneetidnyah asti yah samprati 15 julai 2019 taha bhaarateey-janataa-pakshasya rashtriya-mahasachivatvena sewaarat asti. santoshah karnaatak-rajya-ekake ashtavarshaani yaavat bee. jey. pee. ityasya samanya-sachivah (sangathanah) rupena karyam krutavaan, 2014 tame varshe amitashaah dakshina-rajyanam rashtriya-samyukta-samanya-sachivah-prabhaari iti niyuktah. praarambhikajeevanam. santoshah karnaatakasy udupee-mandalasya bommaraabettu-grama-panchayat-ityasya, shivalli-braahman-samudaayasy cha asti. saha karnaatakasy davanagare-nagarasya bii. dii. tii. mahaavidyaalaye yantra-praudyogikeem abhyanayt. vruttihi. santoshah 1993 tame varshe aar. ess. ess. prachaarakatven (poornakaalikah karmachaarinah) aarabhat. saha maisuru, shivamogga, anantaram bengalooru-nagare cha karyam krutavaan. 2000 tamasya dashakasy aarambhe saha shivamogam prati pratyagatavan. 2006 tame varshe saha karnaatakasy saamaanyasachivaroopen (samsthaa) bii. jey. pi. samsthaam prati gatavaan. saha 2014 paryantam pade aasit. anena 2008 taha 2013 paryantam cha bee. jey. pee. ityasya sattaa aasit. 2014 tame varshe, santoshah bii. jey. pi. ityasya samyukta-samanya-sachivah (sangathanah) abhavat. 2019 tame varshe saha bii. jey. pi. ityasya saamaanyasachivapadasy (sangatanasya) krute padonnatah abhavat. saha kashchan asti yah karnaatakasy prataapasimhah, tejaswi sooryah ityaadayah yuva-netrunah drushtavaan, nirantaritavaan cha iti kathyate. virodhinah vadanti yat karnaatakasy bii. jey. pi. madhye, kendre cha bii. jey. pi.-uccha-kamaan madhye santoshah bahu niyantranam nirvahati iti. janaah kathayanti yat ashokagastee, irannaa kadadee iti 2 adnyaatamukhaah 2020 joon-maase bii. jey. pi. ityanena rajyasabhayaha sadasyau abhavan iti, mukhyamantree-icchaayaah viruddham. vivaadah. santoshah 2020 janavaree-maase, vaalmeeki-janaah, bhovee-janaah, vaaddaarah, anye dalita-samajaha cha pravaasinah santi, naa tu desheeyaah samudayaha iti soochitavaan. jey. ena. ganesha tam vimarshya, tasya pratipaadanam asatyam iti avadat. pragatisheel-sanghatanana sanghah ess. sii./ess. tii. adhiniyamasya antargatam tasya aaropah bhavet iti aagrahayan virodham aayojayat.

pii. ell. chandosh pommarapettu lakshminardhana chandosh oru inthiya arasiyalvaathi aavaar, tharpoothu juulai 15,2019 muthal bhaarathiya janatha katchiyin thaesiya pothuch seyalaalaraaga paniyaattrukiraar. chandosh karnaadaga maanilap pirivil ettu aandugal bijebi pothuch seyalaalaraaga (amaippu) paniyaattrinaar, maelum 2014 aam aandil therku maanilangkalin poruppil thaesiya inai pothuch seyalaalaraaga amith shahwal niyamikkappattaar. aarambagaala vaazhkkai. karnadagavin udubi maavattaththil ulla pommarapettu grama panjaayaththai saerntha chandosh, sivalli piraamana samoogaththaich sernthavar. karnadagavin thavaanageril ulla pii. dii. dii poriiyal kallooriyil karuvith tholilnutpaththaip padiththaar. thozhil. santash 1993 aam aandil oru rss prasaarak (mulunaera thozhilaali) aagath thodangkinaar. avar mysuru, sivamoga mattrum pinnar bengalooril paniyaattrinaar. 2000kalin murpaguthiyil avar sivamoakkaavukkuth thirumbinaar. 2006 aam aandil avar karnadagavin pothuch seyalaalaraaga (amaippu) bijebikku sentraar. avar 2014 varai pathaviyil irunthaar. idhuvum 2008 mattrum 2013 kku idaiyil bijebi athikaaraththil irunththathu. 2014 aam aandil, chandosh bijebi-yinn inai pothuch seyalaalaraaga (amaippu) niyamikkappattaar. 2019 aam aandil avar bijebi inn podhuchcheyalaalar (amaippu) pathavikku uyarthappattaar. karnaadagaavil pirathaap simha mattrum tejashwi suuryaa poantra ilaignar thalaivarkalaik kandarindhu valarththavar endru koorappadugiradhu. karnaadaga bijebi mattrum maiyaththil bijebi uyar kattalaikkul santash niraiya kattuppaattaip payanpaduththukiraar endru ethirppaalargal koorukiraargal. asok kasthi mattrum erannah kadadi aagiya 2 ariyappadaatha mugangkal, muthalamaichcharin viruppaththirku ethiraaga juun 2020 ill bijebi moolam raajya sabaavil uruppinargalaaga niyamikkappattanar endra unmaiyai makkal maerkoal kaattukiraargal. sarchchai. vaalmikkigal, poavigal, vaatharkal mattrum pira thalith samoogangal pulampeyarnthoar, poorveega samoogangal alla endru 2020 janavariyil santosh therivitthaar. jay. n. ganesh avarai vimarsiththu, avarathu koottru thavaraanathu endru koorinaar. murpoakku amaippugalin koottamaippu oru poraattaththai aerpaadu seithathu, avar meethu ess. chii/ess. dii sattaththin keezh kuttram saattappada vaendum endru kooriyadhu.

bii. ell. santosh bommarabettu lakshminardhana santosh prastutam 2019 juulai 15 nundi bharatiya janataa party jaateeya pradhana kaaryadarsigaa panichestunna bharatiya raajakeeyavetta. karnataka rashtra unitlo enimidella paatu santhosh bjp general secretory (organization) gaa panicheesaaru, 2014loe amith shaa dakshinaadi raashtraala jaateeya joint general secretory inn-incharjga niyamitulayyaaru. prarambha jeevitam. karnaatakalooni udupi jillaalooni bommarabettu graama panchaayateeki chendina santosh sivalli braahmana samaajaaniki chendinavaadu. karnaatakalooni davanagereloni bii. dii. tii. injaneering kalasalalo instrumentation technologyni abhyasinchaadu. vrutti. santosh 1993loe rss pracharaka (puurti samayam panichese vyakti) gaa praarambhinchaadu. athanu mysuru, sivamoga mariyu taruvaata bengalurulo panicheesaadu. 2000la praarambhamlo ayana sivamogaaku tirigi vacchaaru. 2006loe ayana karnatakaku general secretory (organization) gaa beejepeeki vellaaru. ayana 2014 varaku eee padaviloe konasagaru. 2008 mariyu 2013 madhya kaalamlo kooda ayana adhikaaramlo unnaaru. 2014loe santoshnu bjp joint general secretory (organization) gaa niyaminchaaru. 2019loe ayana bjp post general secretory (organization) gaa padoonnati pondaaru. karnaatakalo prataapasimha, tejashwi suurya vanti yuva nayakulanu gurtinchi, teerchididdindani ayana paerkonnaaru. karnaatakalo santosh chaalaa niyantrananu kaligi unnaadani, madhyalo unna bjp hye command lopala unnaadani vyatiraekulu chebutaaru. mukhyamantri korikalaku viruddhamgaa 2020 juunloo 2 teliyani mukhalu, ashoke gastee mariyu erannah kadaadini bjp raajyasabhalo sabhyuluga chesindi anae vaastavaanni prajalu utamkimchaaru. vivaadaalu. vaalmeeki, bhoveelu, vaaddarlu mariyu itara dalita sanghaalu valasadaarulu, sthaanika vargaalu kaadani 2020 janavarilo santosh nivedinchaaru. zhe. enn. ganesh aayananu vimarsinchi, ayana vaadana tappu anie annaru. pragatiseela samsthala samakhya atanipai essi/esty chattam kinda abhiyogaalu mopalani demand chestu nirasana nirvahinchindi.

bub. eel. santhos bomamarabeto lakshmejnardhan santhosh eek hindustani seyasat daan haine juu iss waqat 15 jolayi 2019 say bhartia jantaa paarti kay qomi general screetry kay ahday parr khidmaat anjaam day rahay haine. santhosh nay karnatik riyasati akayee mein aath saal takk bee jay pee kay general screetry (tanzim) kay toor parr kaam kiyaa aur 2014 mein ameet shaah kay zariah inhein janubi riyasaton kaa qomi joaint general screetry incharge muqarar kiyaa gayaa. ibtadayi zindagi. santhosh kaa taaluq karnatik kay adupi zalaa kay bomamarabeto graam panchayat say hay aur iss kaa taaluq shioli brahman baradari say hay. inhon nay karnatik kay dawanagiri mein bee ddee tye college aaf engineering mein aalat kii technology kii taleem haasil kii. carrier. santosh nay 1993 mein eek aar aiss aiss prachark (kill waqti kaarkan) kay toor parr sharoaat kii. inhon nay mesoro shiomoga aur baad mein banglor mein kaam kiyaa. wah 2000 kii dahayi kay awail mein shiomoga waps aayey. 2006 mein wah karnatik kay general screetry (tanzim) kay toor parr bee jay pee chalay gayey. wah 2014 takk iss ahday parr rahay. iss say 2008 aur 2013 kay darmiyan bee jay pee bhee iqtedar mein aayee. 2014 mein santosh kuu bee jay pee kaa joaint general screetry (tanzim) banaya gayaa. 2019 mein inhein bee jay pee kay post general screetry (tanzim) kay ahday parr tarqi dee gayee. wah eek aisa shaqs hay jiss nay karnatik mein partaap sumha aur tejaswi soriyah jeesay naujawan rehnumaon kuu dekha aur tayaar kiyaa. mukhalifen kaa kehna hay kahh santosh karnatik bee jay pee mein aur markaz mein bee jay pee hayee kamaan kay andar behat ziyadah control rakhta hay. loag iss haqeeqat kaa hawalah deetay haine kahh 2 namalum chehron ashok gusti aur airna kaddi kuu joone 2020 mein bee jay pee nay wazeer aalee kii khwahishaat kay khalaaf rajiyah sabhaa kaa rakan banaya thaa. tanazah. januri 2020 mein santosh nay atlaa dee kahh walmiki bhuwi wadar aur deegar dilat muashiray mahajir haine maqami baradari nahein. jay. aine. ganesh nay inn parr tanqeed kii aur kahaa kahh inn kaa daawi ghalat hay. tarqi pasand tanzimon kii federation nay ahtajaj kaa ahtamam kiyaa jiss mein mutalibah kiyaa gayaa kahh iss parr aiss see/aiss tye aikat kay tahat alzaam aayed kiyaa jaaye.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23975700

Aruppukkottai taluk

Aruppukkottai taluk Aruppukkottai taluk is a taluk of Virudhunagar district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Aruppukkottai. Demographics. According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Aruppukkottai had a population of 248,186 with 123,337 males and 124,849 females. There were 1,012 women for every 1,000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 77.3%. Child population in the age group below 6 years were 11,668 Males and 11,087 Females.

orupukkuttai taluk orupukkuttai taluk bharotor tamilnadu rajyor birudunagar jilaar ekhon taluk. taluktur mukhyo karzaloy hoise orupukkuttai sohor. jonogathoni. 2011 sonor lukpiyol onuxori, orupukkuttai talukor jonoxongkhya aasil 248,186 john, zo 'too 123,337 john purux aaru 124,849 goraki mohila aasil. proti 1000 puruxor biporite 1,012 goraki mohila aasil. talukkhonor xakhyorotar haar aasil 77.3%. 6 bosoror tolor boyoxor xixur xongkhya aasil 11,668 john purux aaru 11,087 goraki mohila.

arupukkottai taluk arupukkottai taluk holl bharoter tamilnadu rajyer birudhunagar jelara ekti taluk. taluker sodor doptor holl aruppukkottai shohor. jonosongkha. 2011 saaler jonogonona onusare, aruppukkottai taluker jonosongkha holl 248,186 john, jaar modhye 123,337 john purush ebong 124,849 john mohila. proti 1,000 purusher jonno 1,012 john mohila chhilen. taluktir sakkhorotar haar chhilo 77.3%. 6 bochorer qama vayasi shishuder modhye 11,668 john purush ebong 11,087 john mohila chhilo.

aruppukkottai taluka aruppukkottai taluka aee bhaaratnaa tamilnadu rajyanaa virudhunagar jeellano aek taluka chhe. aaa taalukaanu mukhya mathak aruppukkottai shaher chhe. vastee vishhayak. vishhayak vastee ganatari anusaar, aruppukkottaini vastee 248,186 hatee, jemaa 123,337 purusho aneey 124,849 maheelao hatee. darr 1,000 purusho deeth 1,012 maheelao hatee. aaa talukama saksharta darr 77.3% hato. 6 varshthi ochhi vaya juthamaa baadakoni vastee 11,668 purusho aneey 11,087 streeo hatee.

aruppukkottai taluk arupukkottai taluk bhaarat key tamil nadu raajya key virudhunagar zile mein sthit ack taluk haye. taluk kaa mukhyalaya aruppukkottai shahar haye. jansankhyiki. 2011 kii janganana key anusaar, aruppukkottai taluk kii jansankhya 248,186 thee, jisamen 123,337 purush aur 124,849 mahilaaen theen. pratyek 1,000 purushon key liye 1,012 mahilaaen theen. taluk kii saksharta darr 77.3% thee. 6 varsh seey cumm ayu varg key bachchon kii sankhya 11,668 purush aur 11,087 mahilaaen theen.

aruppukkottai taallooku aruppukkottai taallooku bhaaratada tamilunadu rajyada virudhunagar jilleya ondu taallooku. arappukkottai pattanavu taallookina pradhana kacheriyagide. janasankhyaashaastra. 2011rahra janaganatiya prakara, aruppukkottai taallookina janasankhyeyu 248,186 aagiddu, idaralli 123,337 purusharu mattu 124,849 mahileyaru iddaare. prati 1,000 purusharige 1,012 mahileyaru iddaru. ee tallukinalli saaksharateya pramanavu <aii. dii. 1> aagittu. 6 varshakkinta kadime vayassina makkalalli 11,668 purusharu mattu 11,087 mahileyaru iddaru.

arappukottai taluk indian samsthaanamaaya thamizhnaattile virudunagar jillayile oru thaalookkaanu arappukottai taluk. arappukotta pattanamaan thaalookkinte aasthaanam. janasamkhyaashaasthram. 2011leeii sensus prakaram, arukottai thaalookkile janasamkhya 248,186 aanu, athil 123,337 purushanmaarum 124,849 sthreekalum aanu. oro 1,000 purushanmarkkum 1,012 sthreekal undaayirunnu. thaalookkil saaksharata nirakk <aii. dii. 1> aayirunnu. 6 vayassil thaazheyulla kuttikalude ennam 11,668 purushanmaarum 11,087 sthreekalum aayirunnu.

aruppukkottai taluka aruppukkottai taluka haah bharatachya tamilanadu rajyatil virudhunagar jilhyatil eka taluka aahe. yaa talukyache mukhyalay arupukkottai shahar aahe. loksankhyashastra. 2011 chya jangananenusar, aruppukkottai talukyachi loksankhya 248,186 hotee, jyat 123,337 purush aanee 124,849 mahila hotya. darr 1,000 purushanmage 1,012 mahila hotya. talukyacha saksharta darr 77.3% hota. 6 varshankhalil vayogatatil balkanchi sankhya 11,668 purush aanee 11,087 mahila hotee.

aruppukkottai taluk arappukkottai taluk bharatko tamilnadu rajyako virudhunagar jillako euta taluk how. talukko mukhyalaya arappukkottai sahar how. janasankhyiki. sann 2011 ko janaganaanusar, aruppukkottai talukko janasankhya 248,186 thiyo jasma 123,337 purush rar 124,849 mahila thie. tyahan pratyek 1,000 purushka lagi 1,012 zana mahila thie. talukko saksharta darr 77.3% thiyo. 6 warsha munika umera samuhaka ball janasankhya 11,668 purush rar 11,087 mahila thie.

arupukkottai taluk arupukkottai taluk heuchhi bharatara tamilanadu rajyara birudhunagar jillara eka taluk. ehi talukar mukhyalaja heuchhi arupukkottai sahara. janasankhyika. 2011 janganana anujai, arupukkottai talukar janasankhya 248,186 thila, jeunthire 123,337 john purush ebong 124,849 john mahila thile. prati 1000 purushanka pichha 1,012 john mahila thile. talukar sakhyarata haara thila <aai. dii. 1>. 6 barsharu comm baisar sisunka sankhya thila 11,668 john purush ebong 11,087 john mahila.

arupukottai taluk arupukottai taluk bharat dey tamilnadu raaj dey virudhunagar zilhe daa ikk taluk haii. iss taluk daa mukkh daftar arupukottai shehar haii. jansankhiaa. 2011 dee mardamshumari dey anusar, arupukottai taluk dee aabadi 248,186 see jiss witch 123,337 marad atey 124,849 aurtan sunn. harr 1,000 mardan laee 1,012 aurtan sunn. iss taluk dee sakharta darr 77.3% see. 6 saal toon ghatt umar samooh dey bacchiaan dee aabadi 11,668 marad atey 11,087 aurtan sunn.

arappukkottaay taalukah arappukkottai-taalukah bharatasya tamilunaadu-rajyasya virudhunagar-mandalasya ekaha taalukah asti. asya talukasya mukhyaalayah arappukkottai-nagaram asti. janasaamkhyikee. 2011 janaganananusaram, arappukkottai-talukasya janasankhyaa 248,186 aasit, yatra 123,337 purushaah, 124,849 mahilaah cha aasan. tatra prati 1,000 purushaanaam krute 1,012 mahilaah aasan. asya talukasya saksharata-daraha 77.3% aasit. 6 varshaat nyoonavayaskaanaam balanam janasankhyayam 11,668 purushaah, 11,087 mahilaah cha aasan.

aruppukkottai taluka aruppukkottai vattam enbathu inthiya manilamaana tamilnaattin virudhunagar maavattaththil ulla oru vattam aagum. inththa vattaththin thalaimaiyagam arappukottai nagaramaagum. makkal thogai. 2011 makkal thogai kanakkeduppinpadi, aruppukkottai vattaththin makkal thogai 248,186 aagum, idhil 123,337 aangal mattrum 124,849 penkal ullanar. ovvoru 1,000 aangalukkum 1,012 penkal irunththanar. inththa vattaththil kalviyarivu vigitham 77.3% aaga irunththathu. 6 vayathirkutpatta kuzhandhaigalin ennikkaiyil 11,668 aangal mattrum 11,087 penkal irunththanar.

aruppukkottai taaluuka aruppukkottai taaluukam bharatadesamloni tamilanadu raashtramloni virudunagar jillaalo oka taaluukam. eee taluka pradhana karyalayam arappukkottai pattanam. janabha. 2011 janabha lekkala prakaram, aruppukkottai taaluukaaloo 123,337 mandhi purushulu mariyu 124,849 mandhi sthreelatho 248,186 mandhi janabha unnaaru. prati 1,000 mandhi purushulaku 1,012 mandhi mahilalu unnaaru. eee taaluukaaloo aksharaasyata raetu 77.3% gaa undhi. 6 samvatsaraala kante takkuva vayassu unna pillala janabha 11,668 mandhi purushulu mariyu 11,087 mandhi mahilalu.

aropokotai taluqah aropokotai taluqah bhaarti riyasat taamil naado kay virodhangar zalaa kaa eek taluqah hay. taluqah kaa sadr maqaam aropokotai qasbah hay. aabadi. 2011 kii mardam shumari kay mutabiq aropokotai kay taluqah kii aabadi 248,186 thee jiss mein 123,337 mard aur 124,849 khwatin thein. harr 1,000 mardon kay badlay 1,012 khwatin thein. taluqah kii sharah khwandagi 77.3% thee. 6 saal say kumm amar kay bachon kii aabadi 11,668 mard aur 11,087 khwatin thein.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1260040

Allan Gotlieb

Allan Gotlieb Canadian ambassador and civil servant (1928–2020) Allan Ezra Gotlieb (February 28, 1928 – April 18, 2020) was a Canadian public servant and author who served as the Canadian Ambassador to the United States from 1981 to 1989. Life and career. Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Gotlieb studied at United College (now the University of Winnipeg) for two years before transferring to the University of California, Berkeley, where he received his BA. He received his MA from the University of Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar, and his LLB degree from Harvard University, where he was editor of the "Harvard Law Review". In 1957, he joined the Department of External Affairs. From 1960 to 1964, he served on Canada's Permanent Mission to the United Nations in Geneva and at the Conference on Disarmament. In 1965, he wrote the book "Disarmament and International Law", a book discussing disarmament during Cold War tensions. From 1967 to 1968 he was assistant undersecretary and led the legal division at External Affairs. From 1968 to 1973, Gotlieb was deputy minister of the Department of Communications, and from 1973 to 1976 deputy minister of Manpower and Immigration. From 1977 to 1981 he was undersecretary at External Affairs. Most notably, Gotlieb was Canadian ambassador to the United States from 1981 to 1989. His signature moment as ambassador occurred during the negotiation of the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement, where he "played a vital role in persuading the US to adopt a position that Canada could accept." He and his wife Sondra Gotlieb were known for their parties attended by figures in Washington. Sondra's book "Washington Rollercoaster" recounted the Gotliebs' years in Washington, when she also wrote a column for "The Washington Post". Sondra attracted publicity on March 19, 1986, when she slapped her social secretary at an official dinner she and her husband were hosting in honour of the Canadian prime minister Brian Mulroney and US Vice-President George H. W. Bush. After Gotlieb and his wife returned to Canada in the early 1990s, they moved to Toronto. From 1989 to 1994, Gotlieb was chairman of the Canada Council. He was also publisher of "Saturday Night" magazine. In 1992, Gotlieb was the Canadian representative on the arbitration panel that decided the Canada–France Maritime Boundary Case; Gotlieb dissented from the panel's decision in the case and wrote a dissent. Gotlieb was an honorary and former fellow of Wadham College, Oxford, and was a visiting fellow at All Souls College, Oxford. Hollinger Inc. was among his corporate directorships. He was a member of the Carlyle Group's Canadian advisory board and a member of the Trilateral Commission. He was also chairman of Sotheby's Canada, former chairman of the Ontario Heritage Foundation, and served as chairman of the board of governors of the Donner Canadian Foundation, known for its annual literary prize. He was also a senior advisor in the law office of Bennett Jones. Gotlieb was an art collector, notably of the work of 19th-century painter James Tissot. He and his wife donated their Tissot collection to the Art Gallery of Ontario. Gotlieb was a proponent of combining North American economic, defence, and security arrangements within a common perimeter and, in 2002, he advocated for a "grand bargain" with the US to create new trade rules and institutions. He argued "Wouldn't this 'legal integration' be superior to "ad hoc" responses and largely ineffective lobbying to prevent harm from Congressional protectionist sorties?" When Ronald Reagan died in 2004, Gotlieb provided commentary for CBC Newsworld's coverage of the state funeral drawing from his experiences as Canadian ambassador to Washington when Reagan was president. On the art of diplomacy in Washington, he said in 2009, "You have to get the power shakers, including the media, into your dining room. When an ambassador makes a phone call to a powerful congressman, he'll return the call once, but after that you have to make a personal relationship." Gotlieb published his diplomatic memoirs, "The Washington Diaries", in 2006. Personal life. He married Sondra Gotlieb (née Kaufman) in December 1955. Gotlieb died on April 18, 2020, from cancer and Parkinson's disease at his home in Toronto. The Gotliebs had three children, one of whom predeceased him in 2003. Honours. Gottlieb was appointed a Companion of the Order of Canada in 1987 and received his insignia from Governor-General Jeanne Sauvé in Ottawa on May 6, 1988. In 2014, he was made a member of the Order of Manitoba. Gotlieb received the Government of Canada's Outstanding Achievement Award in 1983, "the highest recognition for executives at the deputy minister level in the Public Service." On December 5, 2005, he was awarded an honorary doctorate from Concordia University. His book "The Washington Diaries: 1981-1989" was nominated for the Writer's Trust of Canada's 2007 "Shaughnessy Cohen Award for Political Writing". References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

elaan gottlieb aalan ijora gottlieb (28 february, 1928-18 april, 2020) egoraki kanadian rajohuwa kormosari aaru lekhok aasil ji 1981 sonor poraa 1989 sonoloike aamerikat kanadian rastrodut hisape xewa aagborhaisil. jiwan aaru keriyar. manitubar uinipegot jonmogrohon koraa gutlibe barkler california biswobidyaloyoloi sthanantorito huwar aagote dubosor united collegeot (bortomanor winnipeg biswobidyaloy) odhyoyon korisil, zo 'too teu teur bi. e. laabh korisil. teu oxford biswobidyaloyor poraa ror "dos scholar hisape em. e. aaru harbhard biswobidyaloyor poraa el. el. bi. degree laabh korisil, zo" too teu "harbhard aain porzaluchona" ror xompadok aasil. 1957 sonot teu boidexik porikroma bibhagoto jugdan korisil. 1960 sonor poraa 1964 sonoloike teu geneva aaru nirostrikoronor xonmilonot xongzukto rastroxomuholoi kanadar sthayi obhijanot xewa aagborhaisil. 1965 sonot teu "nirostrikoron aaru antohrastriyo aain" naamor ekhon grontho likhisil, zo 'too xitol juddhor xomoyot nirostrikoronor bixoye alusona koraa hoisil. 1967 sonor poraa 1968 sonoloike teu xohokari ondersecretory aasil aaru boidexik porikromar aainee bibhagor netritwo disil. 1968 sonor poraa 1973 sonoloike gottlieb jugajug bibhagor upo montri aasil, aaru 1973 sonor poraa 1976 sonoloike jonobol aaru probrojon bibhagor upo montri aasil. 1977 sonor poraa 1981 sonoloike teu boidexik porikroma bibhagor owonayok xosibo aasil. ataitkoi ullekhjugyobhabe, gottlieb 1981 sonor poraa 1989 sonoloike aamerika juktorastrot kanadian rastrodut aasil. kanada-united states free trade agrimentor alusonar xomoyot rastrodut hisape teur swakhyorito muhurtotu ghotisil, zo 'too teu "aamerikak kanadar dwara grohon koribo poraa sthiti grohon koriboloi preron korat ek guruttopurno bhumika paalon korisil." teu aaru teur potni sondra gottlieb teulukor dolburor baabe jonajat aasil zo 'too waswingtonor byoktitwoxokole uposthito aasil. cho 'ndrar grontho "waswington rularkustar" too waswingtonor gottlibosor bosorbur bornona koraa hoisil, jetiya teu "waswington post" ror babeu etaa stombho likhisil. 1986 sonor 19 marchot sondrai prosar aakorxito korisil, jetiya teu aaru teur swamiye kanadar prodhanmontri briyan mulroni aaru aamerikar upo-rastropoti jorjo eis-ror xonmanot aayujon kori thoka ek sorkari noixo aaharot teur xamajik xosibok sapuri disil. dobliu. buswo. 1990-ror doxokor aarombhonite gottlieb aaru teur potni kanadaloi ubhoti ohaar pisot, teuluke torontuloi guchi goisil. 1989 sonor poraa 1994 sonoloike gottlieb kanada porixodor odhyokhyo aasil. teu "xonibare nixa" alusonir prokaxokou aasil. 1992 sonot, gottlieb kanada-france xamudrik xeema gusoror xiddhanto luwa xalixi panelot kanadian protinidhi aasil; gottlieb ei gusortut penelor xiddhantor poraa birudhita korisil aaru ek bhinnomot likhisil. gottlieb oxfordor wadham collegeor xonmaniyo aaru prakton xohojugi aasil aaru oxfordor ol cho 'los collegeor vigiting felu aasil. hoh 'linger inok. teur korpo "rett xonsalokxokolor bhitorot aasil. teu carlile gutor kanadian upodesta porixodor xodosyo aaru tripokhyiyo aayugor xodosyo aasil. teu ontorio 'waa heritage foundationor prakton odhyokhyo cho' thebi 'cho kanadar odhyokhyo aasil aaru iyar barxik xahityo botar baabe jonajat donner kanadian foundationor bob' rd owo gobhornorxokolor odhyokhyo hisape karzonirbah korisil. teu benet jonsor aain karzaloyor ejon jyestho upodestau aasil. gottlieb ejon kolaa xonggrahok aasil, bixexkoi 19 xotikar sitroxilpi james tisutor kaamor. teu aaru teur potniye teulukor tisut xongrohotu ontorio "ror art geleriloi daan korisil. gottlieb uttor aamerikar orthonoitik, protirokya aaru nirapotta byowosthak ek xadharon porixoror bhitorot ekotrito korar protidondi aasil aaru 2002 sonot teu notun banijyo niyom aaru protisthan sristi koriboloi aamerika juktorastror xoite ek "brihot bardak" ror baabe xomorthon korisil. teu jukti disil je "ei 'aainee ekotrikoron'" osthayi "xohari aaru congressor xurokhyabadi bitorkor poraa huwa khyoti protirudh koriboloi bohulangxe nisfol lobingotkoi unnot noho" bob neki?" 2004 sonot ronald reganor mrityur xomoyot, go 'toleebe rigan rastropoti huwar xomoyot waswingtonot kanadian rastrodut hisape teur obhigyotar poraa grohon koraa rajyik ontyestikriyar bixoye chi. bi. chi newsworldor coverageor baabe bhaisyo prodan korisil. waswingtonor kutnitir kolar xondorbhot teu 2009 sonot koichil, "aapuni xongbad madhyomoke dhori xoktir xongkuchon koraa lukoxokolok aapunar bhujon kokhyoloi aanibo lagibo. jetiya ejon rastrodut ejon xoktixali congress xodosyok phone kore, teu ebaar koltu ghurai dibo, kintu taar pisot aapuni byoktigoto xomporko sthapon koribo lagibo."gutlibe 2006 sonot teur kutnoitik smoron" dyo waswington diary "prokax korisil. byoktigoto jiwan. 1955 sonor disembor maahot teu sondra gottlieb (nee coufman)-koo biyaa koraisil. 2020 sonor 18 aprilot torontusthito nijor ghorot korkot rug aaru parkinson rugot akranto hoi gottliebor mrityu hoisil. gottlibosor tinita xontan aasil, jaar bhitorot ejonor 2003 sonot purbe mrityu hoisil. xonman. 1987 sonot gottlibok kanadar aadexor ejon xongi hisape nijukti diya hoisil aaru 1988 sonor 6 mey 'too ottawat gowornor-general jinn saubher poraa teur sinho laabh korisil. 2014 sonot teuk manituba order xodosyo koraa hoisil. gutlibe 1983 sonot kanada sorkaror oxamanyo krititwo botaa laabh korisil, "rajohuwa xewat upo montri porzayor karzobahixokolor baabe xorbuscho swikriti." 2005 sonor 5 disemborot teuk concordia biswobidyaloyor poraa xonmaniyo doctorate degree prodan koraa hoisil. teur grontho "dyo waswington diaryh 1981-1989" ror rajnoitik likhonir baabe lekhokor trust owo kanadar 2007 sonor "swagheni kuhen botaa" ror baabe monunit hoisil.

allan gottlieb alan ezra gottlieb (28shhey february, 1928-18ee april, 2020) ekjon kanadian sarkari karmachari ebong lekhok chhilen jini 1981 theke 1989 saal porjonto markin juktorashtre kanadian rashtroduto hisabe dayitto palon korechilen. jeebon oo karmajiban. manitobar uinipege jonmogrohonkari gottlieb barkley-rawr california bishwobidyaloye sthanantorito howar agey dui bochor united college (bortomane winnipeg vishwavidyalaya) padashona corren, jekhane tini taanr baa degree laav corren. tini oxford vishwavidyalaya theke roads scholar hisabe emae ebong harvard vishwavidyalaya theke llb degree orjon corren, jekhane tini "harvard aain porjalochona"-err sompadok chhilen. 1957 saale tini bidesh montroke jog deena. 1960 theke 1964 saal porjonto tini geneva ebong nirostrikoron sommelone jatisanghe kanadar sthayi missione dayitto palon corren. 1965 saale tini "nirostrikoron oo antorjatik aain" boiti lekhen, jaa sheetal juddher uttejonar somoy nirostrikoron niye alochona korey. 1967 theke 1968 saal porjonto tini sahokari under secretary chhilen ebong boideshik bishoye aini bibhager netritto diyechilen. 1968 theke 1973 saal porjonto, gottlieb jogajog bibhager upomontri chhilen ebong 1973 theke 1976 saal porjonto jonobol oo abhibasan bibhager upomontri chhilen. 1977 theke 1981 saal porjonto tini bidesh vishayak under secretary chhilen. sabcheye ullekhjoggobhabe, gottlieb 1981 theke 1989 saal porjonto markin juktorashtre kanadar rashtroduto chhilen. rashtroduto hisabe taanr swakkhar muhurtoti kanada-united states phri trade aggrementer alochonar somoy ghotechilo, jekhane tini "markin juktorashtroke emon ekti abosthan grohon korte prorochito korte guruttopurno bhumika palon korechilen jaa kanada grohon korte paare." tini ebong taanr stree sondra gottlieb washingtone uposthito byaktittoder partyr jonno porichito chhilen. sondra boi "washington rollercoaster"-ayee tini "dya washington poosta"-err jonno ekti kolamo likhechilen, jokhon tini washingtone gottliebser bochorguli bornona korechilen. 1986 saaler 19shhey march sondra prochar akarshan corren, jokhon tini ebong taanr swami kanadar prodhanmontri brian mulrani ebong markin vice-presidenta george eich-err sommane ayojit ekti sarkari naishabhoje taanr samajik sachibke chada maren. dobleeu. bush. 1990-err doshoker godar dike gottlieb ebong taar stree kanada firey aasaar porr, taaraa torronto choley zaan. 1989 theke 1994 saal porjonto, gottlieb kanada counciler chairman chhilen. tini "sattereday night" magaziner prokashoko chhilen. 1992 saale, gottlieb salisha panelle kanadian protinidhi chhilen jaa kanada-france samudrik seemana mamler siddhanta niyechilo; gottlieb eyi mamla paneler siddhanta theke bhinnomoto prakash korechilen ebong ekti bhinnomoto likhechilen. gottlieb chhilen oxforder wadham colleger ekjon sommansuchok ebong praktan fello ebong oxforder oll soals colleger ekjon vigiting fello chhilen. hollinger inock. taanr corporate directorshiper modhye chhilen. tini carlile grouper kanadian upodeshta boarder sadasya ebong tripakshiya kamishaner sadasya chhilen. tini sothbi 'shha kanadar chairman, ontario heritage foundationer praktan chairman chhilen ebong donner kanadian foundationer board off governor chairman hisabe dayitto palon korechilen, jaa barshik sahitya puroskarer jonno porichito. tini bennet jonser aain office ekjon senior upodeshtao chhilen. gottlieb chhilen ekjon shilp sangrahak, bishesh korey 19 shotoker chitroshilpi james tisoter kaajer. tini ebong taanr stree taader tisot sangrahati ontarior art galleryte daan korechilen. gottlieb uttor americar orthonoitik, protirokkha ebong nirapatta byabosthake ekti sadharan poridhir modhye ekotrito korar probokta chhilen ebong 2002 saale tini notun banijya niyam oo protisthan toiri korte markin juktorashtrer saathe ekti "borh dorokkhakkhir" pokkhe sawal korechilen. tini jukti diyechilen jey, "eyi 'aini sanhatkaran' kii" adhock "protikriyagulir cheye uchchotoro hobey naa ebong congresser surakkhabadi dalbadal theke khoti rodh korte mulat akarjokor todobir korbe naa?" 2004 saale jokhon ronald rigan maaraa zaan, tokhon gatelieb shee. bii. shee newsworlder rashtriya antyeshtikriyar coverager jonno montobbo korechilen, jaa rigan rashtrapati thakakalin washingtone kanadian rashtroduto hisabe taanr obhiggota theke neoa hoyechilo. washingtone kutnitir shilp somporke tini 2009 saale bolechilen, "aponake midia soho pawar shekarder upner dining rume aante hobey. jokhon ekjon rashtroduto ekjon shaktishali congressmanke phone corren, tokhon tini ekbar phoneti firiye deben, kintu taar porey aponake ekti byaktigato somporko toiri korte hobey."2006 saale gottlieb taanr kutnaitik smritikatha" "dya washington diaries" "prakash corren. byaktigato jeebon. 1955 saaler decembere tini sondra gottliebke (nee coufman) biye corren. 2020 saaler 18ee april torronto taanr barite cancer ebong parkinson rogey akranto hoye gottlieb maaraa zaan. gottliebser tinti santan chhilo, jaader modhye ekjon 2003 saale taar agey maaraa yaay. sommanona. 1987 saale gottlieb kanadar order ekjon sangi nijukto hohn ebong 6 meey, 1988-ayee autoate governor-general zina saabher kachh theke taanr protik chinno grohon corren. 2014 saale taanke order off manitobar sadasya koraa hoy. 1983 saale gottlieb kanadar sarkarer asamanno krititter puraskar peyechilen, jaa jonosebai upomontri porjaye nirbahider jonno sorbochcho swikriti." 2005 saaler 5ee december tini concordia vishwavidyalaya theke sommansuchok doctorate degree laav corren. taanr boi "dya washington diaries 1981-1989" lekhoker trust off kanadar 2007 saaler "rajnaitik lekhar jonno shagesi kohen award"-err jonno manoneet hoyechilo.

aelan gottlieb aelan ezra gottlieb (28 februari, 1928-18 april, 2020) kenediyan jaaher sevak aneey lekhak hataa jemane 1981 thee 1989 sudhee united statesma kenediyan rajdoot tareeke sevaa aapee hatee. jeevan aneey karkirdi. winnipag, manitobama janmela gottliebe university off california, berklema transfer thataa pahelaa beey varsh sudhee united college (havey university off winnipag) maan abhyaas karyo hato, jyaan temane temno bii. aee. melvyo hato. temane oxford universitymathi roads vidhvaan tareeke emae aneey harvarda universitymathi aela. aela. bii. nee degree melvee hatee, jyaan teo "harvarda low review" naa sampaadak hataa. hataa teo videsh mantralayma jodaya hataa. 1960 thee 1964 sudhee, temane jinevama aneey nihshastrikaran parnee parishadma sanyukt rashtroma kenedana kaayamee mission parr sevaa aapee hatee. hatee temane "nihshastrikaran aneey aantarrashtriy kaayado" pustak lakhyu hatoo, jeey sheet yuddhnaa tanaav darmiyan nihshastrikaranni charcha karatu pustak hatoo. 1967 thee 1968 sudhee teo sahayak under secretory hataa aneey videsh babatoma kaanuni vibhagnu netrutva karyoo hatoo. 1968 thee 1973 sudhee, gottlieb sanchaar vibhagna nayab mantree hataa, aneey 1973 thee 1976 sudhee manavbal aneey immigration nayab mantree hataa. hataa 1981 sudhee teo videsh babtonaa avar sacheev hataa. sauthee nondhpaatra reete, gottlieb 1981 thee 1989 sudhee united statesma kenediyan rajdoot hataa. keneda-united states free trade aggrementnee vataghato darmiyan rajdoot tareeke temnee saheeni kshan aavee hatee, jyaan temane "yuu. aesa. neey aevee sthitee apnaavvaa maate samjavvama mahatvapurn bhoomika bhajvi hatee jeey keneda sweekari shake." teo aneey temnee patnee sondra gottlieb washingtonma haajari aaptaa temnaa paksho maate jaanita hataa. sondrana pustak "washington rollercoaster" maan washingtonma gottliebsna varshonu varnan karvaamaa aavyu chhe, jyaare temane "dhaa washington poosta" maate aek kolam pann lakhee hatee. 19 march, march roj, jyaare tenee aneey teneena patee kenedana vadaa pradhaan bryan mularonee aneey us wies-president george aechana sanmaanmaa aayojit curry rahyaa hataa tyaare teneeae aek sattavaar ratribhojanma teneena saamaajik sacheevne thappad maaree hatee, tyaare sondra prachaarne aakarshit karyo hato. doubleu. zaadi. zaadi daaykaani sharuaatmaa gottlieb aneey tenee patnee keneda parat faryaa pachhi, teo torrento gayaa. 1989 thee 1994 sudhee, gottlieb keneda councilnaa adhyaksh hataa. teo "shanivaarni raat" saamyikna prakashak pann hataa. hataa, gottlieb arbitration panelma kenediyan pratinidhi hataa, jemane keneda-france dariyai seema kesano nirnay leedho hato; gottliebe aaa kesamaa panelnaa nirnaythi asahmati vyakt curry hatee aneey asammati lakhee hatee. gottlieb oxfordnee vaadham collegena maanad aneey bhutpurv saathee hataa aneey oxfordnee ola souls collegemaa mulakati saathee hataa. hollinger ink. teo temnaa corporate directorshipma saamel hataa. teo carlile juthanaa kenediyan salaahkaar mandalnaa sabhy aneey tripaksheey aayogna sabhy hataa. teo sothbies kenedana adhyaksh pann hataa, jeo ontario heritage foundation bhutpurv adhyaksh hataa aneey donner kenediyan foundation booard off governorsnaa adhyaksh tareeke sevaa aapee hatee, jeey tenaa vaarshik saahityik puraskar maate jaanita chhe. teo bennet jonsnaa kaayada karyalayma varishth salaahkaar pann hataa. gottlieb aek qalaa sangraahak hataa, khaas kareene kareene sadeena chitrakaar james tisotnaa kaarynaa. temane aneey temnee patniae temnaa peshee sangrahne ontariyoni aart galleryma daanmaa aapyo hato. gottlieb uttar americani aarthik, sanraxan aneey suraksha vyavsthaone aek saamanya parimitimaa jodvaanaa prastaavak hataa aneey aneey temane navaa vepaar niyamo aneey sansthao banaavvaa maate yuu. aesa. saathe "bhavya sodo" karvaanee himayat curry hatee. temane daleel curry hatee keey "shun aaa 'kaanuni ekikaran'" aeda hock "pratisaado karataa bahetar nahee hoya aneey kongresnaa sanrakshanvadi sortiesthi nukasaanne rokvaa maate motaa bhaage binasarkarak lobbing nahee hoya?" jyaare jyaare roownald rigananu avsaan thayu, tyaare gottliebe see. bii. see. newsworldnaa raajy anteem sanskaarnaa coverage maate tippani pradaan curry hatee, jeey rigan pramukh hataa tyaare washingtonma kenediyan rajdoot tarikenaa temnaa anoobhavo parthee levaamaa aavyu hatoo. washingtonma mutsaddigirini kalaa parr temane temane kahyoo hatoo keey, "tamaare media saheet power shekarne tamara dining roomma laavvu padashe. jyaare koee rajdoot aek shaktishaali congressmenne phone karey chhe, tyaare teey aekvaar phone parat karashe, parantu teey pachhi tamaare vyaktigat sambandh banaavvo padashe."gottliebe padashe."gottliebe temnaa rajdwari sansmarano" "dhaa washington diaries" "prakashit karyaa hataa". angat jeevan. temane december december sondra gottlieb (nee kaufmen) saathe lagna karyaa hataa. gottlieb 18 april, april roj kensar aneey parkinson rogthee torrentoma temnaa ghare mrutyu pamya hataa. aaa gottliebsne trana baadako hataa, jemathi aeknu aeknu mrutyu thayu hatoo. sanmaan. gottliebne gottliebne kenedana ordernaa saathee tareeke niyukt karvaamaa aavyaa hataa aneey 6 meey, meey roj ottavama governor-general jiina saave pasethi temnu chihn praapt thayu hatoo. hatoo temne order off manitobana sabhy banavvama aavyaa hataa. gottliebne gottliebne kenedani sarkaarno utkrusht seeddhi puraskar malyo hato, jeey jaaher sevama nayab mantree starnaa adheekario maate sarvoch maanyata chhe." 5 december, december roj, temne concordia university tarafthi maanad doctorateni padvi enayat karvaamaa aavee hatee. temnaa pustak "dhaa washington diaries 1981-1989" neey kenedana kenedana lekhaknaa trust off kenedana "raajkeey lekhan maate shoghnessy cohain award" maate namankit karvaamaa aavyu hatoo.

ellen gottlieb ellen ezra gottlieb (28 farwari, 1928-18 aprail, 2020) ack kanadai lock sevak aur lekhak they jinhone 1981 seey 1989 taka sanyukt raajya mein kanadai rajdoot key roop mein kaary kiya. jeevan aur currier. winnipeg, manitoba mein janme gottlieb ney california vishvavidyalaya, berkley mein sthanantarit honey seey pahale dou saal taka united college (abb winnipeg vishvavidyalaya) mein adhyayan kiya, jahan unhone apana beee praapt kiya. unhone oxford vishvavidyalaya seey ack roads vidwan key roop mein apani ma praapt kii, aur harvard vishvavidyalaya seey apani ell. ell. bee. kii degree praapt kii, jahan way "harvard low review" key sampaadak they. 1957 mein way videsh vibhaag mein shamil hoe gaye. 1960 seey 1964 taka, unhone geneva mein sanyukt rashtra mein kanada key sthaayi mission aur nirastreekaran parr sammelan mein seva kii. 1965 mein, unhone "nirastreekaran aur antarrashtriya kaanoon" pustak likhi, joe sheet yuddh key tanaav key dauran nirastreekaran parr charcha karane vaali pustak thee. 1967 seey 1968 taka way sahayak avar sachiv they aur videsh mamalon mein kanuni vibhaag kaa netritva kiya. 1968 seey 1973 taka, gottlieb sanchaar vibhaag key upa mantri they, aur 1973 seey 1976 taka maanav shakti aur aapravaasan key upa mantri they. 1977 seey 1981 taka way videsh mamalon key avar sachiv rahey. sabse vishesh roop seey, gottlieb 1981 seey 1989 taka sanyukt raajya mein kanadai rajdoot they. rajdoot key roop mein unake hastakshar kaa kshan kanada-sanyukt raajya mukt vyaapaar samjhaute kii baatchit key dauran huaa, jahaan unhone "america koo ack aisee sthiti apanaane key liye raaji karane mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhai jise kanada sweekaar curr sakata thaa." vaha aur unaki patni sondra gottlieb washington mein upasthit hastiyon dwara aayojit apani partiyon key liye jaane jaate they. sondra kii pustak "washington rollercoaster" mein washington mein gottliebs key varshon kaa varnan kiya gayaa haye, jaba unhone "dha washington post" key liye ack collum bhee likhaa thaa. sondra ney 19 march, 1986 koo prachaar aakarshit kiya, jaba unhone ack aadhikarik ratribhoj mein apane samajik sachiv koo thappad maaraa, jaba vaha aur unake pati kanada key pradhaan mantri bryan mulroni aur americi uparaashtrapati george aich key sammaan mein mejbani curr rahey they. doubleu. jhaadi. 1990 key dashak kii shuruat mein gottlieb aur unaki patni key kanada lautane key baad, way torrento chaley gaye. 1989 seey 1994 taka, gottlieb kanada parishad key adhyaksh they. way "shaniwar raat" patrika key prakaashak bhee they. 1992 mein, gottlieb madhyasthata panel mein kanadai pratinidhi they jinhone kanada-france samudri seema mamle kaa faisala kiya; gottlieb ney mamle mein panel key faisale seey asahamati jataai aur ack asahamati likhi. gottlieb wadham college, oxford key maanad aur poorv saathi they aur aul souls college, oxford mein ack atithi saathi they. hollinger ink. unake corporate nideshakon mein seey ack they. way carlile samooh key kanadai salaahkaar board key sadasya aur tripakshiya aayog key sadasya they. way ontario heritage foundation key poorv adhyaksh sothbi kanada key adhyaksh bhee they aur donner kanadian foundation key board off governors key adhyaksh key roop mein kaary kiya, joe isake vaarshik saahityik puraskar key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. way bennet johns key kaanoon karyalaya mein ack varishth salaahkaar bhee they. gottlieb ack kalaa sangraahak they, vishesh roop seey 19veen shatabdi key chitrakaar james tisot key kaam key. unhone aur unaki patni ney apane ootak sangrah koo ontario kii kalaa deergha mein daan curr diyaa. gottlieb ack samanya paridhi key bheetar uttar americi aarthik, raksha aur suraksha vyavasthaon key sanyojan key prastaavak they aur 2002 mein unhone nae vyaapaar niyam aur sansthaan banaane key liye america key saath "bhavya saudebaji" kii vakaalat kii. unhone tark diyaa kii kyaa yeh 'kanuni ekikaran' "tadarth" pratikriyaon seey behtar naheen hoga aur congress key sanrakshanvaadi sortiyon seey nuksan koo rokane key liye kaafee hudd taka aprabhaavi lobbing hogi?" jaba 2004 mein ronald reegan kii mrityu hoe gaee, tou gottlieb ney washington mein kanadai rajdoot key roop mein apane anubhavon seey raajya key antim sanskar key baare mein see. bee. see. newsworld key coverage key liye tippani pradaan kii, jaba reegan rashtrapati they. washington mein kootneeti kii kalaa parr, unhone 2009 mein kahaa, "aapako apane bhojan kaksh mein media sahit power shekaron koo laana hoga. jaba koee rajdoot ack shaktishali congress sadasya koo phone kartaa haye, tou vaha ack baar coll vaapas curr dega, lekin usake baad aapako ack vyaktigat sambandh banaana hoga."gottlieb ney 2006 mein apane rajanyik sansmaran" "dha washington diaries" "prakaashit kiye. vyaktigat jeevan. unhone disambar 1955 mein sondra gottlieb (nee coffman) seey shaadi kii. 18 aprail, 2020 koo torrento mein apane ghar parr cancer aur parkinsons roga seey gottlieb kii mrityu hoe gaee. gottliebs key teen bachche they, jinamen seey ack kii 2003 mein mrityu hoe gaee thee. sammaan. gottlieb koo 1987 mein kanada key adesh kaa ack saathi niyukt kiya gayaa thaa aur 6 maee, 1988 koo otova mein governor-general jeane saav seey unakaa prateek chinh praapt huaa thaa. 2014 mein, unhein order off manitoba kaa sadasya banaaya gayaa thaa. gottlieb koo 1983 mein kanada sarkaar kaa utkrisht upalabdhi puraskar milaa, joe saarvajanik seva mein upa mantri star parr adhikaariyon key liye sarvocch maanyata haye." 5 disambar, 2005 koo unhein concordia vishvavidyalaya seey maanad doctorate kii upaadhi seey sammaanit kiya gayaa. unaki pustak "dha washington diarysah 1981-1989" koo kanada key 2007 key lekhak key trust "raajneetik lekhan key liye shoghnessy kohain puraskar" key liye namankit kiya gayaa thaa.

allon gottlieb alan izra gottlieb (phebravari 28,1928-april 18,2020) kenadaada saarvajanika sevaka mattu lekhakaraagiddu, 1981 rinda 1989 ravarege united statesge kenadaada rayabhariyagi seve sallisidaru. jeevana mattu vrutti. manitobaada vinnipegnalli janisida gottlieb, berkley california vishvavidyaanilayakke vargaavaneyaaguva modalu eradu varshagala kaala united colleginalli (eega winnipeg vishvavidyaanilaya) adhyayana maadidaru, allie avaru tamma bii. aa. padaviyannu padedaru. avaru oxford vishvavidyaalayadinda roads vidvaamsaraagi tamma emm. aa. padaviyannu padedaru mattu haarvard vishvavidyaalayadinda tamma ell. ell. bii padaviyannu padedaru, allie avaru "haarvard kaanoonu vimarshe" yaya sampaadakaraagiddaru. 1957ralli avaru videshanga vevahaaragala ilaakhege seridaru. 1960rinda 1964ravarege, avaru jeneevaadalli united nationsge kenadaada shaashvata mission mattu nirastrikaranada sammelanadalli seve sallisidaru. 1965ralli, avaru "nishshastrikarana mattu antaaraashtriya kaanoonu" emba pustakavannu baredaru, idu shitala samarada udvignateya samayadalli nishshastrikaranavannu charchisuva pustakavagide. 1967rinda 1968ravarege avaru sahayaka upa karyadarshiyagiddaru mattu videshanga vevahaaragala kaanoonu vibhagada netrutva vahisiddaru. 1968rinda 1973ravarege, gottlieb avaru samvahana ilaakheya upa sachivaraagiddaru mattu 1973rinda 1976ravarege manavashakti mattu valase ilaakheya upa sachivaraagiddaru. 1977rinda 1981ravarege avaru videshanga vevahaaragala upa karyadarshiyagiddaru. atyanta gamanarhavagi, 1981rinda 1989ravarege united statesge kenadaada raayabhaariyaagidda gottlieb, kenada-united states mukta vyapara oppandada matukateya samayadalli rayabhariyagi avara sahi kshanavu sambhavisitu, allie avaru "kenada sweekarisabahudaada sthaanavannu alavadisikollalu americavannu manavolisuvalli pramukha patra vahisidaru." avaru mattu avara patni sondra gottlieb avaru washingtonnalli nadeda paartigalige hesaruvaasiyaagiddaru. washington roller coaster" emba sandra avara pustakavu, "dhii washington post" gaagi avaru ondu ankanavannu baredaaga, vashingtannallidda gottliebsna varshagalannu vivarisuttade. 1986rahra march 19randu, kenadaada pradhana mantri brian mulroney mattu americada upadhyaksha georg etch avara gouravaarthavaagi aake mattu aakeya pathi ayojisidda adhikruta autanakootadalli aake tanna samajika kaaryadarshiyannu kapalamoksha madidaga, sondra prachaaravannu akarshisidaru. doubleu. bush. 1990rahra dashakada aarambhadalli gottlieb mattu avara patni kenadakke maralida nantara, avaru torontoge teralidaru. 1989rinda 1994ravarege, gottlieb kenada mandaliya adhyaksharaagiddaru. avaru "shaniwara ratri" niyatakaalikeya prakashakaroo aagiddaru. 1992ralli, kenada-france kadala gadi prakaranavannu nirdharisida madhyasthike samitiyalli gottlieb kenadaada pratinidhiyaagiddaru; ee prakaranadalli samitiya nirdhaaradinda gottlieb bhinnaabhipraayavannu vyaktapadisi bhinnaabhipraayavannu baredaru. oxfordn wadham collegina gouravaanvita mattu maaji sahavartiyagidda gottlieb, oxfordn aall soals colleginalli sandarshaka sahavartiyagiddaru. hallinger ink. avara corporate nirdeshakaralli obbaraagiddaru. avaru carlile gumpina kenadian salaha mandaliya sadasyaraagiddaru mattu tripakshiya aayogada sadasyaraagiddaru. aata ontario heritage foundation maaji adhyaksharaada sothebis kenadaada adhyaksharu aagiddaru mattu varshika sahitya prashastige hesaruvasiyada donor kenadian foundation aadalita mandaliya adhyaksharagiyoo seve sallisidaru. avaru bennet johns avara kaanoonu kacheriyalli hiriya salahegaararu aagiddaru. gottlieb obba kalaa sangrahakanagiddanu, visheshavaagi 19neey shatamaanada varnachitrakaara james tisotravara kelasa. aata mattu aatana patni tamma angaamsha sangrahavannu ontaariyoda art gallerige daana maadidaru. gottlieb avaru uttara americada arthika, raxana mattu bhadrata vyavasthegalannu saamaanya paridhiyolage samyojisuva pratipaadakaraagiddaru mattu 2002ralli, avaru hosa vyapara niyamagalu mattu samsthegalannu rachisalu americadondige "dodda chaukashi" yannu pratipaadisidaru. ee 'kaanoonu ekikarana' vu" taatkaalika "pratikriyegalu mattu congressina rakshanaatmaka kramagalinda haaniyaaguvudannu tadeyalu hechchaagi nishparinamakari laabiginta uttamavaguvudillave?" 2004ralli ronald reegan nidhanaradaga, reegan adhyaksharagiddaga washingtonnalli kenadaada rayabhariyagi tamma anubhavagalinda padeda raajya antyakriyeya bagge sii. bii. sii. nyus worled naa varadigaagi gottlieb vyaakhyaanavannu odagisidaru. washingtonnallina rajatantrikateya kaleya bagge, avaru 2009ralli, "neevu madhyamagalu seridante power shekargalannu nimma uutada koonege tarabeku. rayabhariyu obba prabala congressiganige phone madidaga, avanu omme kareyannu hindirugisuttaane, aadare adara nantara neevu vaiyaktika sambandhavannu madikollabeku."gottlieb 2006ralli tamma rajatantrika aatmacharitregalaada" "dhii washington diaries" "annu prakatisidaru". vaiyaktika jeevana. avaru december 1955 ralli sondra gottlieb (nee kaufman) avarannu vivaahavaadaru. gottlieb avaru april 18,2020 randu torontodalliruva tamma maneyalli cancer mattu parkinson kaayileyinda nidhanaraadaru. aaa gottliebsge moovaru makkaliddaru, avaralli obbaru 2003ralli aataniginta modale nidhanaraadaru. gouravagalu. 1987ralli gottlieb avarannu kenadaada aadeshada sahachararaagi nemisalaayitu mattu mayee 6,1988randu ottaavaada governor-general zeane saave avarinda avara laanchanavannu padedaru. 2014ralli avarannu arder off manitobaada sadasyaraagi maadalaayitu. 1983ralli gottlieb avaru kenadaada sarkaarada atyuttama sadhane prashastiyannu padedaru, idu saarvajanika seveyalli upa mantri mattadalli kaaryanirvaahakarige nidalaaguva atyunnata mannaneyaagide." 2005rahra december 5randu avarige concordia vishvavidyaalayadinda gaurava doctorate nidalaayitu. avara pustaka "dhii washington diaries 1981-1989" annu kenadaada barahagarara trust off 2007 rahra "rajakiya baravanigegaagi shaghnessi kohen prashasti" ge namanirdeshana maadalaayitu.

allen gottleab 1981 muthal 1989 vare amerikkayile canadian ambaasadaraayi sevanamanushticha oru canadian pothusevakanum ezhuthukaaranumaayirunnu alaan isra gottleab (februvari 28,1928-epril 18,2020). jeevithavum thozhilum. manittobayile vinnipegil janicha gottleab berkleyile california sarvakalaashaalayilekk maarunnathin munbu rund varsham yunaittad collegil (ippol winnipeg sarvakalashaala) padichu, avide ninnu bii. eiii. birudam nedi. ooksfoord sarvakalashaalayil ninnu roads scholaraayi emm. eiii. yum harward sarvakalashaalayil ninnu ell. ell. bii birudavum nedi, avide addeham "harward loow review" yude edittaraayirunnu. 1957ll addeham videshakaarya vakuppil chernnu. 1960 muthal 1964 vare addeham janeevayile ikyaraashtrasabhayilekkulla kaanadayude sthira dauthyathilum niraayudheekaranathekkurichu konfaransilum sevanamanushtichu. 1965ll addeham sheethayudhakaalathe samgharshangalekkurichu charcha cheiyunna "niraayudheekaranavum anthaaraashtra niyamavum" enna pusthakam ezhuthi. 1967 muthal 1968 vare addeham asisttant undersecratoryaayum videshakaaryathile niyamavibhaagatthe nayichu. 1968 muthal 1973 vare ashayavinimaya vakuppinte deputy mantriyum 1973 muthal 1976 vare manushyashakthi, kudiyettam ennivayude deputy manthriyumaayirunnu gottleab. 1977 muthal 1981 vare addeham videshakaaryathil under sekrattariyaayirunnu. 1981 muthal 1989 vare amerikkayile canadian ambasaderaayirunnu gottleab. canada-yunaittad stetts swatantra vyapara karaarinte charchaykkidayilaanu ambasseder enna nilayil addeham oppitta nimisham, avide addeham "kaanadaykk sweekarikkaan kazhiyunna oru nilapad sweekarikkaan americaye prerippikkunnathil nirnaayaka punk vahichu." adhehavum bhaarya sondra gottleab washingtonil nadanna paarttikalil pankedutthirunna vyakthikalude perilaanu ariyappettirunnath. sondrayude "washington rollercoaster" enna pusthakam "washington poost" ennathinaayi oru koolam ezhuthukayum cheythappol washingtonile gottleebsinte varshangal vivarikkukayum cheythu. 1986 march 19 nuu canaden pradhaanamantri bryan mulroneyudeyum us vais president jorjju echu. dablyu. bush. 1990 kalude thudakkathil gottlieb bharya kaanadayilekk madangiyethiya sesham avar torrentoilekku thamasam maari. 1989 muthal 1994 vare canada kaunsilinte chairmaanaayirunnu gottleab. addeham "saattarde naitt" maasikayude prasadhakanum aayirunnu. 1992ll canada-france samudra athirthi cases theerumaanicha aarbitreshan paanalile canaden prathinidhiyaayirunnu gottleab; eee kesil paanalinte theerumaanatthil ninnu gottleab viyojikkukayum viyojip ezhuthukayum cheythu. ooksfoordile wadham kolejile oonarariyum muun felloyumaaya gottleab ooksfoordile ool souls kolejile visitting fello aayirunnu. hollinger ink. addehathinte korpparettu directorshippukalil onnaayirunnu. carlile grouppinte canadian upadeshaka samiti amgavum trirashtra kammeeshan amgavumaayirunnu addeham. sothebis kaanadayude chairman, ontaariyo heritteju foundeshante muun chairman, donner canadian foundeshante board oof gavarnarmaarude chairman ennee nilakalilum addeham sevanamanushtichu. addeham bennatt jonsinte niyama offeesil muthirnna upadeshtaavaayirunnu. pathonpathaam noottaandile chithrakaaranaaya jaims tisottinte kalaasrishtikalude oru kalakarthaavaayirunnu gottleab. adhehavum bharya avarude tishot shekharam ontaariyoyile art galleric sambhavana cheythu. vadakke american saambathika, prathirodha, suraksha krameekaranangal oru pothu paridhikkullil samyojippikkunnathinulla vakthavaayirunnu gottleab, 2002 ll puthiya vyapara niyamangalum sthaapanangalum srishtikkunnathinu americayumaayi oru "valia vilapeshalinu" addeham vaadichu. eee 'niyamaparamaaya samyojanam'" "thaathkaalika" prathikaranangalekkaalum kongras samrakshanavaada akramanangalil ninnulla dosham thadayunnathinaayi phalapradamallaatha lobiyekkaalum mikachathaayirikkille? " 2004ll ronald reegan marichappol, reegan prasidantaayirunnappol washingtonile canadian ambasseder enna nilayilulla thante anubavangalil ninnu eduthukondu samsthaana shavasamskaarathekkurichu sii. bii. sii nyoos veldinte kavarejinu gottleab vyaakhyaanangal nalki. washingtonile nayathanthrakalayekkurichu addeham 2009ll paranju, "maadyamangal ulppedeyulla power shakerukale ningalude daining roomilek konduvaranam. oru ambasseder sakthanaaya oru kongrassukaarane phoon vilikkumbol, avan orikkal phoon thirike nalkum, pakshe athinusesham ningal oru vyakthiparamaaya bandham sthaapikkanam."2006ll gottleab thante nayatantra ormmakkurippukalaaya" "dhii washington diaries" "prasidheekarichu". vyakthiparamaaya jeevitam. 1955 desemberil addeham sondra gottleebine (nee coffman) vivaham kazhichu. 2020 epril 18 nuu cancer, paarkkinsans rogam ennivayaal torrentoyile veettil vachu gottleab marichu. gottleebsinu moonnu kuttikalundaayirunnu, avaril oraal 2003 ll addehathinu munbu marichu. bahumathikal. 1987ll kaanadayude oordarinte koottaaliyaayi niyamithanaaya gottleabinu 1988 meyy 6nuu ottaavayile govarnor general jeane saveyil ninnu addehathinte chihnam labhichu. 2014ll addehathe oordar oof manittobayil amgamaakki. 1983ll canada sarkkaarinte mikacha nettatthinulla puraskaaram "pothusevanatthile deputy ministtar thalatthilulla eksikyootteevukalkkul ettavum uyarnna amgeekaaramaanu" gottleabinu labhichu." 2005 desember 5nuu konkordiya sarvakalashaalayil ninnu addehathinu oonarari doktarettu labhichu. addehathinte "dhii washington diaries <aii. dii. 1>" enna pusthakam raittezhs trastt oof kaanadayude 2007 leeii "rashtreeya rachanaykkulla shougnesi kohan awardinu" naamanirddesham cheyyappettu.

elon gottlieb elon ezra gottlieb (28 februwari 1928-18 april 2020) heey canadache loksevak aanee lekhak hote, jyanni 1981 teey 1989 paryant americet canadache rajdoot mhanoon kaam kele. jeevan aanee karkird. winnipeg, manitoba yethe janmalelya gotalibane done varshe united collegemadhye (aata winnipeg vidyapith) shikshan ghetale aanee tyanantar berkley yetheel california vidyapithat badali kelee, jithe tyane bii. aii. prapt kele. tyanni auxford vidyapithatun rods scholar mhanoon emm. aii. aanee harvard vidyapithatun ell. ell. bii. chee padvi prapt kelee, jithe teey 'harvard low review' chey sampadak hote. 1957 madhye teey pararashtra vyavhar vibhagat ruju jhaale. 1960 teey 1964 paryant tyanni geneva yethe sanyukt rashtranmadhil canadachya kayamswarupi mohimevar aanee nishastrikaranavaril parishadet kaam kele. 1965 madhye tyanni 'nihshastrikaran aanee aantarrashtriy kayada' heey pustak lihile, jeey shityuddhachya tanavachya kalat nishastrikaranavar charcha karnare pustak hote. 1967 teey 1968 paryant teey sahayyak upasachiv hote aanee tyanni pararashtra vyavharanchya kayadeshir vibhagache netrutva kele. 1968 teey 1973 paryant, gottlieb heey dalanvalan vibhagache upmantri aanee 1973 teey 1976 paryant manushyabal aanee sthalantar upmantri hote. 1977 teey 1981 yaa kalat teey pararashtra vyavhar vibhagache avar sachiv hote. sarvat ullekhaneey mhanje, gottlieb 1981 teey 1989 paryant americet canadache rajdoot hote. canada-sanyukt rajyanchya mukt vyapar kararachya vataghatidarmyan rajdoot mhanoon tyancha swakshari kshan aala, jithe tyanni 'canada swikaru shakel asey sthan swikaranyasathi americela patvoon denyat mahattvapoorn bhoomika bajavali." too aanee tyachi patni sandra gottlieb washingtonmadhil upasthit asalelya pakshansathi olakhale jaat asat. washington rollercoaster' yaa sandrachya pustakat washingtonmadhil gottliebschya varshanche varnan kele aahe, jevha tine 'daad washington poost' sathee eka stambhahi lihila hota. 19 march 1986 roji, canadache pantpradhan bryan mulroni aanee amerikeche upadhyaksh george etch. yanchya sanmanarth tee aanee tiche patee aayojit karat asalelya eka adhikrut ratrichya jevanat tine tichya samajik sachiwala thappad marley tevha sondrane prasiddhi midavali. doubleu. zaadi. 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatila gottlieb aanee tyachi patni canadala paratalyanantar teey torrentola gele. 1989 teey 1994 paryant, gottlieb canada parishadeche adhyaksh hote. teey 'shaniwar ratri' niyatkalikache prakashakahi hote. 1992 madhye, canada-france sagari seema prakarnavar nirnay nirnay lavad panelvar gottlieb heey canadache pratinidhi hote; gotalibane yaa prakaranatil panelchya nirnayavar asahmati darshavali aanee asahmati lihili. gottlieb heey oxfordchya vadham mahavidhyalayache manad aanee majee sadasya hote aanee oxfordchya aul soles mahavidhyalayat pahune sadasya hote. hallinger ink. tyanchya corporate sanchalakanpaiki eka hote. teey carlile samoohachya canadian sallagar mandalache sadasya aanee tripakshiy aayogache sadasya hote. teey sothabi canadache adhyaksh, auntario heritage foundation majee adhyaksh aanee donor canadian foundationchya sanchalak mandalache adhyaksh mhanoonahi kaam kele, jeey tyachya varshik sahityik puraskarasathi olakhale jaate. teey bennet johnschya vidhee karyalayat varishtha sallagarhi hote. gotib haah eka qalaa sangrahak hota, visheshtah 19 vya shatkatil chitrakar james tisot yanchya kalakrutincha. tyane aanee tyachya patnine tyancha peshi sangrah ontariyochya qalaa dalnala daan keela. gottlieb heey uttar amerikechya aarthik, sanrakshn aanee suraksha vyavasthanna samaan parighamadhye ektrit karnyache samarthak hote aanee 2002 madhye tyanni naveen vyapar niyam aanee sanstha tayar karnyasathi amerikeshi 'bhavya saudebaji' karnyache samarthan kele. tyanni assa yuktivad keela qee, 'heey' kayadeshir ektrikaran 'heey' tatpuratya 'pratisadanpeksha aanee congresschya sanrakshanvadi hallyanmule honare nuksan rokhanyasathi mothya pramanat aprabhavi lobbingpeksha shreshth nasel qaa?" 2004 madhye ronald rigan yanche nidhan jhaale tevha, rigan rashtradhyaksh asatana washingtonmadhye canadache rajdoot mhanoon tyanni anubhavalelya anubhavanvarun, see. bii. see. newsworldne rajya antyasanskarachya kavharejsathi, gotalibane bhashya kele. washingtonmadhil mutsaddegirichya kalebaddal teey 2009 madhye mhanale, "tumhala madhyamansah shakti shakti lokanna tumchya jevanachya kholeet aanave lagel. jevha ekhada rajdoot eka shaktishali congress sadasyala phone karato, tevha too ekada phone parat karato, parantu tyanantar tumhala vaiyaktik sambandh thevayache asatat."gotalibane 2006 madhye" "daad washington diaries" "hii tyanchi rajnaitik sansmarane prakashit kelee". vaiyaktik jeevan. december 1955 madhye tyane sondra gottlieb (nee couffman) hichyashi lagn kele. 18 april 2020 roji torrento yetheel tyachya gharee karkarog aanee parkinson aajarane gotalibache nidhan jhaale. gottliebs yanna teen mule hotee, jyapaiki ekache 2003 madhye tyachya aadhi nidhan jhaale. sanman. gottliebla 1987 madhye aurder auph canadacha sathidar mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale aanee 6 meey 1988 roji ottawa yetheel governor-general jeane sauve yanchyakadun tyala tyache chinh midale. 2014 madhye tyanna aurder auph manitobache sadasya karnyat aale. gottliebla 1983 madhye canada sarkarcha utkrusht kamgiri puraskar midala, joou "sarvajanik sevetil upmantri staravaril staravaril sarvoch manyata aahe." 5 december 2005 roji tyanna concordia vidyapithakadun manad doctorate pradan karnyat aalee. tyanche pustak 'daad washington diarysah 1981-1989' heey canadachya 2007 chya 'rajkiy lekhanasathichya shagnacy cohain puraskar' chya raitara trustsathi namankit karnyat aale hote.

alon gottlieb alon ezra gottlieb (february 28,1928-april 18,2020) ek canadali lock sewak rar lekhak thie jasle 1981 dekhi 1989 samma sanyukta rajyama canadali rajadutko rupma sewa gare. jiwan rar currier. winnypeg, manitobama janmeka gotlieble california vishwavidyalaya, berklema sthanantaran garnu aghi dui warshasamma united college (ahile winnypeg vishwavidyalaya) maa adhyayan gare, jahaan unle afno bie prapta gare. unle oxford vishwavidyalayabata roads scholerko rupma ma rar harward vishwavidyalayabata llb degree prapta gare, jahaan uni "harward kanuna samiksha" kaa sampadak thie. sann 1957 maa uni videsh vibhagma samel bhae. sann 1960 dekhi 1964 samma, unle jenebhama sanyukta rashtrama canadako sthayi missionma rar nishastrikaransambandhi sammelanma sewa gare. sann 1965 maa unle shityuddhako tanawako samayama nishastrikaranbare chhalfal garne pustak "nishstrikaran rar antarrashtriya kanuna" lekhe. sann 1967 dekhi 1968 samma uni sahayak upasachiva thie rar videsh mamilama kanuni vibhajanko netritwa gare. sann 1968 dekhi 1973 samma, gottlieb sanchar vibhagko upamantri thie, rar sann 1973 dekhi 1976 samma manawashakti rar aprawasanko upamantri thie. sann 1977 dekhi 1981 samma uni videsh mamilama awar sachiva thie. sabaibhanda ullekhaniya kura, gottlieb sann 1981 dekhi 1989 samma sanyukta rajyaka lagi canadali rajdut thie. rajadutko rupma unko hastakshar kshan canada-sanyukta rajya swatantra wyapar samjhautako wartako kramama bhayo, jahaan unle "canadale swikar garna sakne sthiti apanauna americalai raji garna mahatwapurna bhumika khele." uni rar unaki shrimati sondra gottlieb wassingtonma bhaeka wyaktitwaharule bhag line partyharuka lagi parichit thie. sondrako pustak "wassington rollercoaster" ley wassingtonma gotlibko warshaharu warnan gardacha, jab unle "da wassington post" kaa lagi stambha pani lekhe. sondrale 19 march 1986 maa prachar akarshit garin, jab unle canadaka pradhanmantri bryan mulroney rar americi uparashtrapati george echko sammanma uni rar unka patile ayojana gariraheka adhikarik ratribhojma afno samajik sachiblai thappad mareki thiin. w. jhadi. sann 1990 ko dashakko suruma gottlieb rar unaki shrimati canada farkepachhi, tiniharu toranto sare. sann 1989 dekhi 1994 samma, gottlieb canada councilca adhyaksha thie. uni "shanibar raat" patrikaka prakashak pani thie. sann 1992 maa, gottlieb madhyasthata panelma canadali pratinidhi thie jasle canada-france samudri sima muddako nirnaya nirnaya gottlieble muddama panelko nirnayasanga asahamati janaeka thie rar asahamati lekheka thie. gottlieb wadham college, oxfordka manartha rar purva felo thie, rar all soles college, oxfordma visiting felo thie. hollinger ink. uni unka corporate nirdeshakharu madhye ek thie. uni carlile samuhako canadali sallahakar boardka sadasya rar tripakhiya ayogka sadasya thie. uni sothabi canadaka adhyaksha, ontario heritage foundationka purva adhyaksha pani thie, rar donor canadian foundationko board aff gabharnarka adhyakshaka rupma sewa gare, june yasako warshik sahityik puraskarka lagi parichit chha. uni benet jonsko kanuna karyalayama warishtha sallahakar pani thie. gottlieb ek kala sankalankarta thie, vishesh gari 19 aun shatabdika chitrakar james tisotko kamko. uni rar unaki shrimatile afno tisot sangraha ontarioko art galleryma daan gare. gottlieb uttari americi arthik, raksha rar suraksha wyawasthalai sajha paridhibhitra sanyojan garne prastawak thie rar sann 2002 maa unle nayan wyapar niyam rar sansthaharu sirjana garna americasanga "bhawya moltol" garne wakalat gare. unle tarka gare "key yo 'kanuni ekikaran'" tadartha "pratikriyaharu rar congress sanrakshanwadi udanharubata hune hanilai roknaka lagi dherai hadasamma aprabhawi lobbing bhanda utkrishta hune chhaina?" jab 2004 maa ronald riganko mrityu bhayo, gotlieble wassingtonma canadaka rajadutko rupma afno anubhawabata dring garieko rajya antyeshti sanskarko cbc newsworldko kabharejka lagi tippani pradan gare jab rigan rashtrapati thie. wassingtonma kutniti kalako barema unle sann 2009 maa bhane, "tapainle midiasahit pawar shakerslai afno bhojan kakshama lyaunu parchha. jab rajadutle shaktishali congress sadasyalai fone garchha, usale ek patak cull firta garnechha, tara tyasapachhi tapainle wyaktigat sambandha banaunu parchha."gotlieble sann 2006 maa afno kutnitik sansmaran" "da wassington diaries" "prakashit gare. wyaktigat jiwan. unle december 1955 maa sondra gottlieb (nee coufman) sanga vivaha gare. gotlibko april 18,2020 maa torantoma raheko unko gharma cancer rar parkinson rogbata mrityu bhayo. gotliebka tinn santan thie, jasmadhye ekko sann 2003 maa mrityu bhaeko thiyo. samman. gotliblai sann 1987 maa arder aff canadako sathi niyukta garieko thiyo rar 6 mey 1988 maa otawama governer-general zin saubhabata unko chinha prapta bhayo. sann 2014 maa unlai manitobako arderko sadasya banaieko thiyo. gotlieble sann 1983 maa canada sarkarko utkrishta upalabdhi puraskar prapta gare, "sarvajanik sewama upamantri starma karyakariharuka lagi sarvochcha manyata." december 5,2005 maa, unlai concordia vishwavidyalayabata manartha doctorate pradan garieko thiyo. unko pustak "da wassington diaryjah 1981-1989" lai canadako 2007 ko reuters trust aff canadako "rajnitik lekhanka lagi shagesi kohena award" kaa lagi manonit garieko thiyo.

alan gottlieb alan ezra gottlieb (februari 28,1928-april 18,2020) jane canadia sarkari karmachari ebong lekhaka thile jie 1981 ru 1989 parjyanta aamerikare canadia rastradoota bhabare karjya karithile. zeeban ebong brutti. winnipeg, manitobare janmagrahana karithiba gottlieb, barkalesthita california biswabidyalajaku sthanantarita heba purbaru dui barsha paain united college (bartamana winnipeg biswabidyalaja) ray adhyajana karithile, jeunthare shay tankara bii. aii. hassel karithile. shay oxford biswabidyalajaru roads scholar bhabare emm. aii. ebong harbard biswabidyalajaru ell. ell. bii. degree hassel karithile, jeunthare shay "harbard ine samikhya" rahr sampadaka thile. 1957 masihare shay baideshika byapara bibhagare joga deithile. 1960 ru 1964 parjyanta shay jenebha ebong nirastrikarana upare sammilaneere milita jatisanghare kanadara sthajee missionre karjya karithile. 1965 masihare shay 'nirastrikarana ebong antarjatija ine' pustaka lekhithile, jaahaa shital juddhara uttejana samajare nirastrikarana bishajare alochana karithila. 1967 ru 1968 parjyanta shay sahakaree upa sachiba thile ebong baideshika byaparare aaingata bibhagara netrutwa neithile. 1968 ru 1973 parjyanta, gottlieb jogajoga bibhagara upamantri thile, ebong 1973 ru 1976 parjyanta manab sambala ebong immigressionera upamantri thile. thile। 1981 parjyanta shay baideshika byapara bibhagara upa sachiba thile. sabutharu ullekhaneeah kathaa heuchhi, gottlieb 1981 ru 1989 parjyanta aamerikare kanadara rastradoota thile. rastradoota bhabare tankara swakhyara muhurta kanada-united states mukta banijya rajinamara alochana samajare ghatithila, jeunthare shay "aamerikaaku eka sthiti grahan karibaku raaji karaibare gurutwapurna bhumika grahan karithile jaahaa kanada grahan karipariba ." shay ebong taanka patni sondra gottlieb washingtonara byaktibisheshamananka dwara joga deithiba semananka party paain janashuna thile. sondranka pustaka "washington rollercoaster" washington ray gotlibsnka barshagudika barnana karithila, jetebele shay "washington post" paain eka stambha madhya lekhithile . sondra march 19,1986 ray prachara akarshita karithile, jetebele shay ebong taanka swamee kanadara pradhanamantri bryan mulroney ebong americara uparastrapati george echnka sammanare ajojita eka sarkari ratribhojanare taanka samajika sachibanku chapuda marithile. wa. bush. 1990 dashkar prarambhare gottlieb ebong taanka patni kanada feriba parey, semane turrento chalijaithile. 1989 ru 1994 parjyanta, gottlieb kanada parisadara adhyakhya thile. shay "shanibara raati" patrikara prakashaka madhya thile. 1992 masihare, kanada-frances samudrika seema mamlar nishpatti neuthiba madhyasthata pyanelare gottlieb kanadara pratinidhi thile; gottlieb ehi mamalare pyanelara nishpattiku birodha karithile ebong eka bhinnamat lekhithile. gottlieb oxforder wadham colleger jane sammanajanaka ebong purbatana fello thile ebong oxforder all souls kalejare jane vijiting fello thile. holingara inka. shay tankara corporate nirdeshakamananka madhyare thile. shay carlile groupra canadia paramarshadata boarder sadasya ebong tripakhika aajogara sadasya thile. shay sothbij kanadara adhyakhya, ontario heritage foundationera purbatana adhyakhya madhya thile ebong dunner canadian foundationera board off governarsara adhyakhya bhabare karjya karithile, jaahaa ehara barshika sahitya puraskara paain janashuna . shay bennet jonsanka ine karjyalajare jane baristha paramarshadata madhya thile. gottlieb jane kalaa sangrahaka thile, bisesh curry 19shaa shatabdir chitrakar james tisotanka karjya. shay ebong taanka patni semananka tisot sangrahaku ontariora art galleryku daana karithile. gottlieb uttara americara arthanaitika, pratirakhya ebong surakhya byabasthaku eka sadharana paridhi madhyare ekatra karibara jane prabakta thile ebong 2002 ray, shay nutan banijya niam ebong anusthana srusti karibaku america sahita eka "grand darakashakashi" paain okilati karithile. shay jukti karithile je "ehi 'aaingata ekikarana' qa" naa "asthajee" pratikrija ebong kangresara sanrakhyanabadee udanaru khyatiku rokiba paain byapaka bhabare aprabhabaka labing thaaru unnat heba naahin?" 2004 masihare jetebele ronald rigannka mrutyu hoithila, setebele gatelib sibisi nyujwarldra rastriah antim sanskara kabharej paain mantabya pradan karithile, jaahaa rigan rastrapati thiba samajare washington ray canadia rastradoota bhabare taanka abhigyataru anupranita hoithila . washingtonara kootaneeti kalaa bishajare shay 2009 ray kahithile, "aapananku ganamadhyama sameth pawara shekarmananku aapananka bhojan kakhyare aanibaku padiba. jetebele jane rastradoota jane shaktishali congress sadasyanku phone karanti, shay thare cull ferasta debe, kintu ehaa parey aapananku eka byaktigata samparka karibaku padiba ."gottlieb 2006 ray tankara kootanaitika smrutikatha," "daa washington diaries" "prakash karithile. byaktigata zeeban. shay december 1955 ray sondra gottlieb (nee coufman) nku bibaha karithile. gottlieb april 18,2020 ray karkata ebong parkinson rogare tarantore thiba taanka ghare mrutyubarana karithile. gottlibsra tinoti santan thile, jeunmananka madhyaru janankara 2003 ray mrutyu hoithila. sammana. gottlieb 1987 ray kanadara orderer jane saathee bhabare nijukta hoithile ebong meey 6,1988 ray otaware gabharnara-general zin sawenkatharu tankara chinha grahan karithile. karithile। tanku 'order off manitoba' rahr sadasya karajaithila. gottlieb 1983 ray kanada sarakaranka utkrusta saphalata puraskara paithile, jaahaa janasebare upamantri starare karjyanirbaheenka paain sarbocha swekruti ." 2005 masiha december 5 tarikhare tanku concordia biswabidyalajaru sammanajanaka doctorate pradan karajaithila. tankara pustaka 'daa washington daireejh 1981-1989' kanadara 2007 masihar 'raitars trust off kanada' rahr 'rajanaitika lekha paain shagnesi kohain puraskara' paain manoneet hoithila.

ailan gottlieb ellen azra gottlieb (28 farvari, 1928-18 aprail, 2020) ikk canadian lock sevak atey lekhak see jiss neey 1981 toon 1989 takk sanyukat raaj witch canadian rajdoot vajon seva nibhai. jeevan atey carrier. winnipeg, manitoba witch paida hoye, gottlieb neey california university, barkale witch tabdil honn toon pahilan doou saal united kaalaj (hunn winnipeg university) witch padahi keeti, jitthe usne aapna bee. aii. prapat keeta. unhan neey oxford university toon ikk roads scholar vajon aapni aim. aii. atey harward university toon aapni ail. ail. bee. dee digri prapat keeti, jitthe uh "harward laa rivy" dey sampadak sunn. sann 1957 witch uh videsh vibhag witch shamal hoye. 1960 toon 1964 takk, unhan neey jeneva witch sanyukat rashter witch canada dey sathayi mission atey nishastarikaran baare sammelan witch seva nibhai. sann 1965 witch, unhan neey "nishastarikaran atey antarashtari kanoon" kitaab likhi, ikk kitaab jiss witch sheet yuddh dey tanaa dauran nishastarikaran baare charcha keeti gaee see. 1967 toon 1968 takk uh sahaik under sakattar rahey atey videsh mamlian witch kanunni vibhag dee agvai keeti. 1968 toon 1973 takk, gottlieb sanchar vibhag dey upp mantri atey 1973 toon 1976 takk manukkhi shakti atey immigration dey upp mantri rahey. 1977 toon 1981 takk uh videsh mamlian dey upp sakattar rahey. sabh toon khaas gall ih haii kii, gottlieb 1981 toon 1989 takk sanyukat raaj witch canadian rajdoot sunn. rajdoot vajon unhan dey dastkhat daa pall canada-sanyukat raaj mukat vapaar samjhaute dee gallbat dauran hoiaa, jitthe unhan neey "amrica noon ikk ajihi sathiti apnaun laee manaun witch mahattavpuran bhumika nibhai jiss noon canada savikar qarr sakda see." uh atey uss dee patni sondra gottlieb aapniaan partiaan laee jaane jaande sunn jinhan witch washington witch hastiaan neey hissa liaa see. sondra dee kitaab "washington rollercoaster" witch gottliebs dey washington witch saalan daa varnan keeta giaa haii, jadon usne "washington post" laee ikk kaalam vee likhiaa see. 19 march, 1986 noon jadon uss neey aapne smajik sakattar noon ikk adhikarat raatri bhoj witch thappad maariaa taan sondra neey prasidhi prapat keeti, jadon uh atey uss dey patee canada dey pardhan mantri bryne mulroni atey amriki upp-rashtarpati jaaraj aich dey sanman witch mezbani qarr rahey sunn. w. bush. 1990 dey dahake dey arambh witch gottlieb atey uss dee patni dey canada waps aaunn toon baad, uh torranto chaley gaye. 1989 toon 1994 takk, gottlieb canada consul dey chairman rahey. uh "shanivar raat" magazine dey parkashak vee sunn. 1992 witch, gottlieb salsi panel witch canadian pratinidh see jiss neey canada-france samundari seema mamle daa faisla keeta; gottlieb neey mamle witch panel dey faisle toon asehmati pragtai atey ikk asehmati likhi. gottlieb vadham kaalaj, oxford daa aanreri atey sabka failo see atey aal souls kaalaj, oxford witch ikk visiting failo see. hollinger ink. uh aapne corporate directoran vicchon ikk sunn. uh carlile group dey canadian salahkar board dey member atey tinn-pakkhi commission dey member sunn. uh sothbies canada dey chairman, ontario haritage foundation dey sabka chairman vee sunn atey donner canadian foundation dey board aaf governors dey chairman vajon seva nibhai, joe aapne salana sahitak puraskar laee janhiaa jaanda haii. uh bannet jonas dey kanoon daftar witch ikk senior salahkar vee sunn. gottlieb ikk qalaa sangrahikarta see, khaas taur utte 19veen sadee dey chittarkar james tisot dey kamm daa. uss neey atey uss dee patni neey aapna tissot sangrah ontario dee aart gallery noon daan qarr ditta. gottlieb uttri amriki aarthik, rakkhiaa atey surakhiaa parbandhan noon ikk sanjhi seema dey ander joden daa samarthak see atey 2002 witch, usne navein vaparak niyam atey sansthavan banaun laee amrica naal ikk "shandar saudebazi" dee vakalat keeti. unhan neey daleel ditti kii qee ih 'kanunni ekikaran' congress dey surakhiaavadi udanan toon nuksan noon rokann laee "adhock" pratikriaavan atey vadde paddhar 'teey beyasar lobbing naalon bihtar naheen hovega?" jadon 2004 witch ronald reegan dee maut hoow gaee, taan gottlieb neey see. bee. see. newsworld dee sarkari antim sanskar dee coverage laee tippni pardan keeti, jadon reegan rashtarpati see taan washington witch canadian rajdoot vajon aapne tazarbiaan toon khichiaa giaa see. washington witch kootniti dee qalaa baare, unhan neey 2009 witch kiha see, "tuhanun aapne dianing room witch media samet pawar shackers noon liauna hovega. jadon koee rajdoot ikk shaktishali sansad member noon phone karda haii, taan uh ikk vaar qaal waps qarr devega, parr uss toon baad tuhanun ikk nijji rishta banauna pavega."gottlieb neey 2006 witch aapniaan kootnitak yaadan," "dha washington diaries" "prakashit keetiaan. nijji jeevan. uss neey dasambar 1955 witch sondra gotilib (nee coffman) naal viaah karvaiaa. 18 aprail, 2020 noon torranto witch aapne gharr witch cancer atey parkinson 'shh dee bimari naal gotilib dee maut hoow gaee. gotibs dey tinn bacche sunn, jinhan vicchon ikk dee 2003 witch maut hoow gaee see. sanman. gottlieb noon 1987 witch canada dey adesh daa saathi niyukat keeta giaa see atey 6 maee, 1988 noon otawa witch governor-general jeane saave toon uss daa prateek chinnh prapat keeta giaa see. saal 2014 witch, uss noon manitoba dey arder daa member banaiaa giaa see. gottlieb noon 1983 witch canada sarkaar daa shandar prapati puraskar miliaa, joe kii jantak seva witch upp mantri paddhar dey karajkari adhikariaan laee sabh toon vaddi maanta haii." 5 dasambar 2005 noon uhanan noon concordia university toon aanreri doctorate naal sanmanit keeta giaa see. uss dee kitaab "dha washington diarhoean 1981-1989" noon canada dey 2007 dey "shognessy kohain award phaar political riting" dey reuters trust laee namzad keeta giaa see.

alan gottlieb allan ezra gottlieb (28 febravari 1928-18 april 2020) kashchan kanaadaadeshasy lokasewakah lekhakah cha aasit yah 1981 taha 1989 paryantam samyuktarajyamerikadesha kenadaadeshasy rajadutatvena karyam krutavaan. jeevanam tathaa vruttihi. vineepeg, manitoba-nagare janma praapnot, gottlieb ityayam berkley-nagarasya california-vishvavidyaalayam prati sthanantarat poorvam samyukta-mahaavidyaalaye (adhunaa vineepeg-vishvavidyaalayaha) varshadvayam abhyanayt, yatra saha swasya bee. e. praptavan. saha oxford-vishvavidyaalayaat roads-vidvaamsaha iti rupena emm. e., haarvard-vishvavidyaalayaat ell. ell. bii. upadhi cha praptavan, yatra saha "haarvard-vidhi-sameekshayaha" sampaadakah aasit. 1957 tame varshe saha videshakaaryavibhaage sammilitah. 1960 taha 1964 paryantam, saha jenevaa-nagare samyuktaraashtrasanghasya krute kenada-deshasya sthayee-mission-madhye, nirastreekaran-sammelane cha sevam akarot. 1965 tame varshe saha "nishastrikaranam tathaa antaaraashtriyavidhih" iti pustakam likhitavaan, yat sheetayuddhasy samaye nirastrikaranasya vishaye charchitam pustakam aasit. 1967 taha 1968 paryantam saha sahaayak-upasachivah aasit, videshakaaryakshetre vidhi-vibhaagasya cha netrutvam krutavaan. 1968 taha 1973 paryantam, gottlieb ityayam sanchaaravibhaagasya upamantree aasit, 1973 taha 1976 paryantam maanavashakti-aapravaasan-upamantree cha aasit. 1977 taha 1981 paryantam saha videshakaaryeshu upasachivah aasit. visheshatayaa, gottlieb 1981 taha 1989 paryantam samyuktarajyamerikadesha kenadaadeshasy raajadootah aasit. kenada-samyuktaraajyasya svatantravyaapaar-kararasya vaartaalaapasy samaye rajadutatvena tasya hastaaksharah kshanah abhavat, yatra saha "amerikaadesham sweekartum amerikaadesham prerayitum mahattvapoornam paatram niravahat yat kenada-deshah sweekartum shaknoti sma." saha, tasya patnee sondraa gottlieb cha washington-nagare upasthitanam vyaktitvaanaam krute prasiddhau aasan. sondraa ityasya "washington roller coaster" iti pustake washington-nagare gottliebs-ityasya varshaani varnitaani, yadaa saa "da washington post" ityasya krute stambham api alikhat. sondraa-ityeshaa 1986 maarch 19 dinaanke pracharam akarshita, yadaa saa kenada-deshasya pradhaanamantri brian mulroney, amerikaadeshasy uparaashtrapatih jaarj ech. ityasya cha sammanartham swapatnyaa saha atitheyatam kurvantee aadhikarikabhoje svasaamaajikasachivam chaptavatee. doubleu. bush. 1990 tamasya dashakasy aarambhe gottlieb-varyaa tasya patnee cha kenada-desham pratyaagatya torrento-nagaram prati gatavantah. 1989 taha 1994 paryantam gottlieb ityayam kenada-parishadasya adhyakshah aasit. saha "shanivaasare raatrih" patrikaayaah prakaashakah api aasit. 1992 tame varshe, gottlieb, kanada-france-samudrasima-prakaranasya nirnayasya madhyasthata-samityaam kenada-deshasya pratinidhihi aasit; gottlieb ityeshah asmin prakarane pyanal ityasya nirnayaat asahamatah, bhinnabhiprayam cha likhitavaan. gottlieb, oxford-nagarasya vaadham-mahaavidyaalayasya maanadah poorwah cha sadasyah aasit, oxford-nagarasya aal-soles-mahaavidyaalaye atithi-sahachhaatrah cha aasit. hollinger ink. saha tasya nigamita-nirdeshakeshu anyatamah aasit. saha carlel-samuhasya kenada-deshasya paraamarsh-mandalasya sadasyah, tripaksheey-ayogasya sadasyah cha aasit. saha sothabees-kenada-deshasya adhyakshah, ontario-heritage-foundation-samsthaayaah poorwah adhyakshah, vaarshik-sahityapuraskarasya krute prasidhah donor-kenadian-foundation-samsthaayaah board-aaf-governors ityasya adhyakshah cha aasit. saha benet-johns ityasya vidhi-karyalaye varishtah paraamarshakah api aasit. gottlieb ityayam kalaa-sangraahakah aasit, visheshatah 19 shataabdyaah chitrakaarasya james tisot ityasya krutayah. saha, tasya patnee cha swasyaah tisot-sangraham ontario-nagarasya art-gallery-krute daanam akurvan. gotib ityeshah uttaramerikadeshasya aarthik-rakshan-surakshaa-vyavasthaanaam samyuktasya samaparidhim prati samaanuyojakah aasit, 2002 tame varshe saha americadeshena saha "bhavya-saudebandhasya" krute nootan-vyaapaaraniyamaan samsthanam cha nirmanartham pratipaadayat. saha tarkam krutavaan yat "kim etat 'vidhi-ekeekaranam'" taatkaalik-pratikriyayaha apekshayaa shreshtam naa bhavishyati, tathaa cha kaangres-samrakshanavaadee-yuddhaihi haanim nivaarayitum bahudhaa aprabhaavee-laabi-kaaryam api naa bhavishyati? " 2004 tame varshe yadaa ronald reegan ityasya mrutyuhu abhavat, tadaa gottlieb ityeshah see. bee. see. newsworld ityasya rajya-antimasamskaarasya prasarartham, reegan-varyaha rashtrapatihi aasit tadaa washington-nagare kenada-deshasya raajadootah iti tasya anubhavaat abhiroochih, bhashyam akarot. washington-nagare kootaneeti-kalayaha vishaye saha 2009 tame varshe avadat, "bhavantah madhyamena saha shaktti-vibhaajakam bhojanagruhe aanayantu. yadaa kashchan raajadootah shaktishaalee kaangres-sadasyaay doorabhaash-kaal karoti, tadaa saha ekavaaram kaal-pratyarpayishyati, parantu tatah param bhavaan vyaktigatam sambandham sthaapayet."gottlieb" 2006 tame varshe swasya kootaneetik-samsmaranaani "da washington darries" iti prakashitavan. vyaktigatajeevanam. saha 1955 december-maase sondraa gottlieb (nee kaufman) ityenam parineetavaan. gottlieb 2020 april-masasya 18 dinaanke torrento-nagare swasya gruhe karkarogaat parkinsons-rogaat cha amriyata. gottliebs ityasya trayah putraah aasan, yeshu ekaha 2003 tame varshe tasya poorvam mrutah. sammaanah. gottlieb 1987 tame varshe arder aaf kenada ityasya sahacharatvena niyuktah, 1988 tame varshe mey-masasya 6 dinaanke oottaavaa-nagarasya governor-general jeane saav ityatah swasya chihnam avaapnot. 2014 tame varshe saha arder aaf manitoba ityasya sadasyah abhavat. gottlieb 1983 tame varshe kenada-sarvakaarasya utkrushta-upalabdhi-puraskaram praptavan, "janasevaayaam upa-mantri-stare karyapalakanam krute sarvoccha-sammaanah." 2005 december 5 dinaanke, saha concordia-vishvavidyaalayaat gaurava doctorate upaadhim praptavan. tasya "da washington daireezah 1981-1989" iti pustakam kenada-deshasya 2007 tame varshe "shaghnesi kohen award faar political ratting" ityasya ratters trust krute naamaankitam abhavat.

allan koatlip allan ezra koatlip (pipravari 28,1928-aepral 18,2020) oru kanadiya podhu oozhiyar mattrum ezhuththaalar aavaar, avar 1981 muthal 1989 varai americaavukkaana kanadiya thootharaaga paniyaattrinaar. vaazhkkai mattrum thozhil. manidoabaavin vinnibekkil pirantha koatlip, berkleyil ulla california palkalaikkazhagaththirku maattrappaduvatharku munbu irandu aandugal united kallooriyil (ippoathu winnibeck palkalaikkazhagam) padiththaar, angku avar thanathu pii. aee. pattam pettraar. avar oxfordu palkalaikkazhagaththil roads arinyaraaga thanathu emm. aee. yaiyum, haarvard palkalaikkazhagaththil ell. ell. pii pattaththaiyum pettraar, angku avar "haarvard satta mathippaaivu" inn aasiriyaraaga irunthaar. 1957ill avar veliyuravuth thuraiyil saernthaar. 1960 muthal 1964 varai, avar jeneevaavil aikkiya naadugal sabaikkaana kanadaavin niranthara panii mattrum nirayudhapaniyakkam kuriththa maanaatil paniyaattrinaar. 1965 aam aandil, avar "niraayuthapaaniyum sarvadesa sattamum" endra puththagaththai ezhuthinaar, idhu panippoar pathattangkalin poathu niraayuthapaaniyaip pattri vivaathikkum oru puththagamaagum. 1967 muthal 1968 varai udhavi thunaich seyalaalaraaga irunththa avar, veliyuravuth thuraiyil sattap privukku thalaimai thaangkinaar. 1968 muthal 1973 varai, koatlip thagaval thodarbu thuraiyin thunai amaichcharaagavum, 1973 muthal 1976 varai manithavala mattrum kudiyaettra thunai amaichcharaagavum irunthaar. 1977 muthal 1981 varai avar veliyuravuth thurai thunaich seyalaalaraaga irunthaar. kurippaaga, 1981 muthal 1989 varai americaavukkaana kanediya thootharaaga irunththa koatlip, kanada-aikkiya maanilangkalin sudhanthira varththaga oppanththaththin paechchuvaarththaiyin poathu thootharaaga avarathu kaiyoppam aerpattathu, angku avar "kanada aetrtrukkollakkoodiya oru nilaipaattai americavai aetrtrukkolla thoonduvathil mukiya pangku vagiththaar." avarum avarathu manaivi sondra koatlip avarkalum washingtonil nadantha virunththugalil kalandhu kondavargalukkaaga ariyappattanar. sondraavin "washington roller coaster" endra puththagam, "washington poast" endra noolukkaaga avar oru katturaiyai ezhuthiyapoathu, washingtonil irunththa kotteepsin aandugalai vivarikkirathu. 1986 maarch 19 andru, kanediya pirathamar praiyan mulroney mattrum america thunaith thalaivar jaarj ech aagiyoarai kavuravikkum vagaiyil avarum avarathu kanavarum nadaththiya athikaarappoorva iravu virunththil thanathu samooga seyalaalarai arainthapoathu, sondra vilambaraththai eerthaar. doublue. bush. 1990 kalin murpaguthiyil koatlip mattrum avarathu manaivi kanadaavukkuth thirumbiya piragu, avarkal torrendovukku kudipeyarnthanar. 1989 muthal 1994 varai, koatlip kanada councilin thalaivaraaga irunthaar. avar "sanikkizhamai iravu" paththirigaiyin veliyeettaalaraagavum irunthaar. 1992 aam aandil, kanada-brance kadalsaar ellai vazhakkaith theermaaniththa naduvar kuzhuvil kanadiya pirathinithiyaaga kootteep irunthaar; kootteep inththa vazhakkil kuzhuvin mudivilirunthu karutthu vaerupaadu therivitthaar mattrum oru karutthu vaerupaattai ezhuthinaar. koatlip oxfordil ulla wadham kallooriyin kavurava mattrum munnaal saga oozhiyaraagavum, oxfordil ulla aall soals kallooriyil varugaiyaalaraagavum irunthaar. hollinger ink. avarathu peruniruvana iyakkunarkalil oruvaraaga irunthaar. avar carlile kuzhuvin kanadiya aaloasanaik kuzhuvil uruppinaraagavum, muttharappu aanaiyaththin uruppinaraagavum irunthaar. avar onrariyoa paarambariya arakkattalaiyin munnaal thalaivaraana sodebis kanadaavin thalaivaraagavum irunthaar, maelum varudaanthira ilakkiya parisukku peyar pettra donor kanadiyan arakkattalaiyin aalunargal kuzhuvin thalaivaraagavum paniyaattrinaar. avar bennet johnsin satta aluvalagaththil mooththa aaloachakaraakavum irunthaar. koatlip oru kalai sekarippaalaraaga irunthaar, kurippaaga 19 aam noottraandin ooviyar james disodine padaippugal. avarum avarathu manaiviyum thangal dsot sekarippai onraariyoavin kalaikkoodaththirku nankodaiyaaga vazhangkinar. vada america porulaathaaram, paathukaappu mattrum paathukaappu aerpaadukalai oru podhuvaana suttralavukkul inaippatharkaana aatharavaalaraaka koatlip irunthaar, maelum 2002 aam aandil, puthiya varththaga vithigal mattrum niruvanangalai uruvaakka americavudan oru "periya paeram paesa" varpurutthinaar. inththa 'satta orunginaippu'" thartkaalika "pathilkalai vida uyarnththathaaka irukkaathu mattrum congressin paathukaappuvaatha sarththippukalilirunthu theengku vilaivippathaith thaduka perumpaalum payanattra parapurai seiya matta?" 2004 aam aandil ronault reegan iranththapoathu, reegan janaathipathiyaaga irunththapoathu washingtonukku kanediya thootharaaga irunththa thanathu anubavangalilirunthu edukkappatta maanila iruthich sadangkin sibisi news world seithikku koatlip varnanai aliththaar. washingtonil ulla raajathanththirak kalai kuritthu avar 2009 ill koorinaar, "uudakangkal udpada sakthi asaippavargalai ungkal saappaattu araikkul kondu vara vaendum. oru thoothar oru sakthivaaintha kaangiraskaararukku tholaipaesi alaippu vidukkumpoathu, avar oru murai azhaippaith tiruppith tharuvaar, aanaal adhan piragu neengkal oru thanipatta uravai aerpaduththa vaendum."koatlip thanathu raajathanthira ninaivuk kurippaana" "thii washington diries" "aii 2006 aam aandil veliyittaar". thanipatta vaazhkkai. avar disambar 1955 ill sondra koatlip (nee coffman) enbavarai mananthaar. koatlip aepral 18,2020 andru puttrunoai mattrum barkinson noayaal torondovil ulla thanathu veettil iranthaar. koatteepsirku moontru kuzhandhaigal irunththanar, avarkalil oruvar 2003 ill avarukku munbae iranthuvittaar. gowravangal. 1987 aam aandil kanadaavin ozhungkin koottaaliyaaga gottleep niyamikkappattaar, maelum mae 6,1988 andru ottavaavil ulla covernor general jeane saavaevidam irunthu avarathu chinnaththaip pettraar. 2014 aam aandil, avar manitoba varisaiyil uruppinaraaga niyamikkappattaar. 1983 aam aandil kanada arasaangkaththin sirantha saathanai viruthai koatlip pettraar, idhu podhu sevaiyil thunai amaichar mattaththil nirvaagigalukku miga uyarnththa angkeekaaramaagum." disambar 5,2005 andru, avarukku concordia palkalaikkazhagaththilirunthu kavurava doctor pattam vazhangkappattathu. avarathu puththagamaana "thii washington diries 1981-1989" kanadaavin 2007 aam aandin ezhuththaalarin arakkattalaikaana "arasiyal ezhuththukkaana shafnessy kohan viruthukku" parinthuraikkappattathu.

allon gottlieb allon izra gottlieb (fibravari 28,1928-april 18,2020) 1981 nundi 1989 varaku united states kuu kenadian rayabariga panichesina kenadian praja sevakudu mariyu rachayita. jeevitam mariyu vrutti. manitobaloni vinnipeglo janminchina gottlieb, berkileelooni california vishwavidhyaalayaaniki badilee kaavadaaniki mundu rendu samvatsaraalu united kalasalalo (ippudu winnipeg vishwavidyaalayam) chaduvukunnadu, akkada athanu thana bii. eah. nuu andukunnadu. athanu oxford vishwavidyaalayam nundi roads scholarga thana emenu, mariyu haarvard vishwavidyaalayam nundi thana llb degreeni andukunnadu, akkada athanu "haarvard laa review" sampaadakudigaa unnadu. 1957loe ayana videshee vyavahaaraala vibhaagamlo cheraaru. 1960 nundi 1964 varaku, athanu geneevaalo united nations kuu kenada yokka shaashwata missionloo mariyu niraayudheekaranapai samavesamlo panicheesaadu. 1965loe, ayana "niraayudheekarana mariyu antarjaateeya chattam" anae pustakaanni raasaaru, idhi pracchanna yuddha udriktatala samayamlo niraayudheekarana gurinchi charchinche pustakam. 1967 nundi 1968 varaku ayana sahaya under sekratareegaa undi, videshee vyavaharalalo nyaya vibhaagaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaaru. 1968 nundi 1973 varaku, gottlieb communications vibhaagaaniki deputy mantrigaa, 1973 nundi 1976 varaku maanavashakti mariyu immigration deputy mantrigaa unnaaru. 1977 nundi 1981 varaku ayana videshee vyavahaaraala saakhalo under sekratareegaa panicheesaaru. mukhyamgaa, 1981 nundi 1989 varaku united stateslo kenadian rayabariga gatalib unnaaru. kenada-united states swechhaa vaanijya oppandam yokka charchala samayamlo rayabariga athani santakam kshanam jarigindi, akkada athanu "kenada angeekarinchagala sthaanaanni sweekarinchadaaniki americanu oppinchadamlo keelaka paatra poeshinchaadu." athanu mariyu athani bhaarya sondra gottlieb vaari paarteelaku prasiddhi chendaaru, dheeniki washingtonlo pramukhulu hajarayyaru. washington roller coaster" anae sondra pustakam, aame "dhi washington post" kosam oka kaalam rasinappudu, washingtonlo gadlibs samvatsaraala gurinchi vivarinchindi. marchi 19,1986naa, kenada pradhana mantri brian mulroney mariyu us vais president georg hetch gouravaartham aame mariyu aame bhartha aatidhyam istunna adhikaarika vindulo aame thana saamaajika kaaryadarsini chempadebba kottinapudu sondra pracharanni aakarshinchindi. doubleu. bush. 1990la praarambhamlo gottlieb mariyu athani bhaarya kenadaaku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, vaaru torantoku vellaaru. 1989 nundi 1994 varaku, gottlieb kenada council kuu chhairman gaa unnaaru. ayana "satterday nait" patrika prachuranakarta kooda. 1992loe, kenada-france samudra sarihaddu kesunu nirnayinchina madhyavartitva panello kenadian pratinidhi gaa gottlieb unnaaru; eee kesulo panel nirnayam patla gottlieb bhinnabhiprayam vyaktam chesaaru mariyu asammati raasaaru. oxford looni wadham kalaasaalaku gourava, maajee sabhyudu gaa, oxford looni aall soals kalasalalo sandarsaka sabhyudiga unnaaru. hallinger ink. ayana corporate directorlalo okaru. athanu carlile group yokka kenadian salaha mandalilo sabhyudu mariyu traipaakshika commissionlo sabhyudu. athanu ontario heritage foundation maajee chhairman ayina sothebis kenada chairmanga kooda panicheesaaru mariyu vaarshika saahitya bahumatiki prasiddhi chendina donor kenadian foundation yokka board off governors chairmanga panicheesaaru. athanu bennet johns nyaya karyalayamlo senior salahadaruga kooda panicheesaadu. gottlieb oka kalakarudu, mukhyamgaa 19va sataabdapu chitrakaarudu james tisot yokka pani. athanu mariyu athani bhaarya tama tishoot sekarananu antario art gallerieki viraalamgaa icchaaru. uttara america aardhika, rakshana, bhadrata erpaatlanu oka saadhaarana chuttukolatalo kalapadaniki gottlieb pratipaadakudu, 2002loe, athanu kotta vaanijya niyamaalu, samsthalanu roopondinchadaaniki americatho "goppa bearam" kosam vaadinchaadu. eee 'chattaparamaina samaikyata' anedi" taatkaalika "pratispandanala kante merugainadi kaadu, mariyu congress rakshanavaada vidhula nundi haanini nivaarinchadaaniki ekkuvagaa asamarthamaina lobbying kaadaa?" 2004loe ronald reegan maraninchinappudu, reegan adhyakshudiga unnappudu washingtonku kenadian rayabariga thana anubhavaala nundi teesukunna rashtra antyakriyala gurinchi cbc nyuus varald coverage kosam gottlieb vyakhyaanaanni andinchaaru. washingtonlo dautya kalapai, 2009loe ayana ilaa annaru, "meeru mea bhojana gadiloki media sahaa power shekarlanu teesukuraavaali. oka rayabari oka saktivantamaina congress sabhyudiki phone chesinappudu, athanu okasari kaalni tirigi chestaadu, conny aaa taruvaata meeru vyaktigata sambandham kaligi undaali."gottlieb 2006loe thana dautya ghnaapakaalanu" "dhi washington diaries" "nuu prachurinchaadu". vyaktigata jeevitam. athanu december 1955loe sondra gottlieb (nee kaufman) nuu vivaham chesukunnadu. gottlieb april 18,2020naa cancer mariyu parkinsons vyaadhitho torantoloni thana intlo maraninchaadu. aaa gottlibsku mugguru pillalu unnaaru, vaarilo okaru 2003loe ataniki mundhe maraninchaaru. gowravaalu. 1987loe kenada arder yokka sahacharudiga niyaminchabadina gottlieb, mae 6,1988naa ottavaloni governor-general zeane saav nundi thana chihnanni andukunnadu. 2014loe ayana arder off manitobalo sabhyudiga niyamitulayyaaru. 1983loe gottlieb kenada prabhutvam yokka atyuttama sadhana avaardunu andukunnaru, idhi praja sevalo deputy minister sthaayilo kaaryanirvaahakulaku atyunnata gurtimpu." 2005 december 5naa, aayanaku concordia vishwavidyaalayam nundi gourava doctorate labhinchindi. ayana raasina pustakam "dhi washington diaries 1981-1989" rachayitala trust off kenada yokka 2007 "shagnessey kohen avaardu pharr political raiting" kuu nominate cheyabadindi.

ailan gottlab ailaan aizra gottlub (28 faroori 1928-18 apreel 2020) eek canadian sarkaari mulazim aur masnaf thay jinhon nay 1981 say 1989 takk riyasathaye muthadah mein canadian safeer kay toor parr khidmaat anjaam dain. zindagi aur carrier. wanipeg minetoba mein paida huay gottlab nay university aaf california barkalay mein muntaqil honay say pehley duu saal takk united college (abb university aaf wanipeg) mein taleem haasil kii jehaan inhon nay apnaa bee aey haasil kiyaa. inhon nay oxford university say batoor roads scholar ayem aey kii digri haasil kii aur harward university say eel eel bee kii digri haasil kii jehaan wah "harward laa review" kay editor thay. 1957 mein inhon nay mohkamah khaarjah mein shamoliyat akhtiyar kii. 1960 say 1964 takk inhon nay geneva mein aqwam muthadah mein canada kay mustaqil mission aur takhfif aslaha say mutaliq conference mein khidmaat anjaam dain. 1965 mein inhon nay "takhfif aslaha aur beenn alaqwami qanoon" naami kitaab likhee juu sard jung kay tanao kay doraan takhfif aslaha parr bahas karnay waali kitaab hay. 1967 say 1968 takk wah assistent inder screetry rahay aur amoor khaarjah mein qanuni devision kii qayadat kii. 1968 say 1973 takk gottlub mohkamah mawasilat kay naib wazeer aur 1973 say 1976 takk afraadi qoot aur immigration kay naib wazeer rahay. 1977 say 1981 takk wah amoor khaarjah kay inder screetry rahay. sabb say khaas baath yaha hay kahh gottlub 1981 say 1989 takk america mein canada kay safeer thay. batoor safeer inn kay dastakhat kaa lamhah canada-united states free trade aggrement kay mazakirat kay doraan paish aayaa jehaan inhon nay "america kuu eek aisa moqaf apnanay kay liye aamadah karnay mein aham kirdaar adaa kiyaa jasay canada qabool kirr saktaa thaa." wah aur inn kii ahliyah sondra gottlub apnee partiyon kay liye jaanay jaatay thay jinn mein washington mein shaqsiyat nay sharkat kii thee. sondra kii kitaab "washington roller couster" mein gottlabs kay washington mein guzaray gayey saalon kaa zakar kiyaa gayaa hay jabb inhon nay "washington post" kay liye eek kaalim bhee likhaa thaa. sondra nay 19 maarch 1986 kuu shahrat haasil kii jabb iss nay apnay samaji screetry kuu eek sarkaari raat kay khaaney mein thapad maaraa jiss kii wah aur iss kay shohar canada kay wazeer aizam brine malruni aur americi naib sadr jaarj aich kay aizaz mein mezbani kirr rahay thay. dabliyo. jhaadi. 1990 kii dahayi kay awail mein gottlub aur iss kii bewi kay canada waps aaney kay baad wah torrento chalay gayey. 1989 say 1994 takk gottlub canada konsal kay chairmeen rahay. wah "sneacher day night" megzin kay naashir bhee thay. 1992 mein gottlub saalisi pinal mein canada kay numayende thay jiss nay canada-france samandari sarhadi kees kaa faislah kiyaa. gottlub nay iss kees mein pinal kay faislay say ikhtelaaf kiyaa aur ikhtelaaf raaye likhaa. gottlub waadham college oxford kay aizazi aur saabiq filo thay aur aal soulz college oxford mein waziting filo thay. hollinger incorporated. inn kii corporate director ship mein say eek thay. wah carlile grop kay canadian advisory board kay rakan aur sah fareeqi commission kay rakan thay. wah sothbeez canada kay chairmen oontario heritage foundation kay saabiq chairmeen bhee thay aur donor canadian foundation kay board aaf governors kay chairmeen kay toor parr khidmaat anjaam dain juu apnay salanah adbi anaam kay liye jaana jaataa hay. wah bennet jonaz kay qanoon kay daftar mein seniyar masheer bhee thay. gottlub eek aart clector thay khaas toor parr 19 wein sadee kay masoor jaims tishot kay kaam kay. iss nay aur iss kii bewi nay apnay tishot kaa majmuah oontario kii aart gallery kuu atiyah kiyaa. gottlub shamali america kay iqtesadi dafayi aur salamati kay intezamat kuu eek mushtarkah dairay mein yakja karnay kay haami thay aur 2002 mein inhon nay nayey tajarti qawanin aur idaarey bananay kay liye america kay saath "baday sooday baazi" kii wakalat kii. inhon nay istedlal kiyaa kahh "kiyaa yaha 'qanuni inzamam' congress kay tahfuz pasand karwaiyon say honay waalay nqsan kuu roknay kay liye" adhock "radamil aur bury hadd takk ghair mosar laabing say behatar nahein hoga?" jabb 2004 mein ronald reegan kaa inteqal hawaa tuu gottlab nay see bee see newz world kii sarkaari janazay kii courage kay liye tabsaray farahim kiye juu reegan kay sadr honay kay waqat washington mein canada kay safeer kay toor parr apnay tajarbaat say akhz kiye gayey thay. washington mein sifarat kaaree kay funn kay baaray mein inhon nay 2009 mein kahaa "aap kuu apnay khaaney kay kamray mein mediya sameet pawar shekers kuu laana hoga. jabb koyee safeer kasee taqatwar congress meen kuu phone kartaa hay tuu wah eek baar kaal waps karay gaa leakin iss kay baad aap kuu zaati rishtah banana hoga."gottlub nay 2006 mein apnee sfarti yaadein" "dee washington diaries" "shaye kein. zaati zindagi. iss nay dasambar 1955 mein sondra gottlub (nee kafmeen) say shaadi kii. gottlub 18 apreel 2020 kuu torrento mein apnay gahar parr cancer aur parkensins kii bemari say inteqal kirr gayey. gottlabs kay teen bachay thay jinn mein say eek kii 2003 mein moth how gayee thee. aizazat. gottlab kuu 1987 mein arder aaf canada kaa saathi muqarar kiyaa gayaa thaa aur 6 mayee 1988 kuu otawa mein governor general jaine saaw say iss kaa nashaan mosul hawaa. 2014 mein inhein arder aaf minetoba kaa rakan banaya gayaa. gottlab kuu 1983 mein hukumat canada kaa shandar kamiyabi kaa aiward milaa juu "awami khadmat mein naib wazeer kii satah parr exectose kay liye sabb say badaa aiteraf hay." 5 dasambar 2005 kuu inhein concordia university say aizazi doctorate kii digri say nawaza gayaa. inn kii kitaab "dee washington diaries: 1981-1989" kuu ryters trust aaf canada kay 2007 kay "seyasi tehreer kay liye shagni kohan aiward" kay liye namzad kiyaa gayaa thaa.

fffcfbf9ad9b63fbe862152b375d189a053ad6f13edcf542d16ba3443ea0a360

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15058532

Partially selective school (England)

Partially selective school (England) In England, a partially selective school is one of a few dozen state-funded secondary schools that select a proportion of their intake by ability or aptitude, permitted as a continuation of arrangements that existed prior to 1997. Though treated together by current legislation, they are of two types: bilateral schools in remnants of the Tripartite System, and former grant-maintained schools that introduced partial selection in the 1990s. While technically classified as comprehensive schools, they occupy a middle ground between grammar schools and true comprehensives, and many of the arguments for and against grammar schools also apply to these schools. Although there are relatively few schools of this type, several of them score very highly in national performance tables, and are among the most over-subscribed schools in the country. There are no partially selective schools in Scotland and Wales, which have wholly comprehensive systems, while Northern Ireland retains a grammar system. History. Partially selective schools are of two types: In 1997 a Labour government was elected, with a policy of abolishing partial selection. David Blunkett, then Secretary of State for Education and Employment, said in December 1997: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />I am able to confirm that the Bill and the criteria I will lay down as part of our admissions policy will remove partial selection where it currently exists. That causes havoc in terms of the admission of local children, and denies fairness to parents because of the lack of choices and opportunities open to them. However, the School Standards and Framework Act 1998 permitted selection of up to 10% by aptitude for certain subjects for which a school is a specialist college (section 102), and also permitted the retention of partial selection that existed prior to the 1997 entry, provided that the proportion selected was no higher than that in 1997 (section 100). The 1998 Act also created schools adjudicators, empowered to rule on objections to school admission arrangements, including partial selection. This mechanism has steadily reduced both the number of schools using selection and the proportion of partial selection at the remaining schools. These schools often also give preference to siblings of current pupils, filling the rest of their places using distance and/or faith criteria. The sibling criterion is particularly controversial, as in combination with selection it often severely limits the number of local children admitted. In response to these concerns, the initial draft of a revised schools admissions code proposed to ban sibling criteria in schools that selected more than 10% on their intake. After many protests, the admissions code as published in February 2007 protected siblings of current students, and permitted schools to give priority to siblings provided that "their admission arrangements as a whole do not exclude families living nearer the school." This phrasing was removed in the revised Code published in January 2009. A late amendment to the Education and Inspections Act 2006 amended the 1998 Act to limit the proportion selected to the lowest level at any time since 1997. This forced four Hertfordshire schools to lower their proportion of academic selection from 35% to 25%. Partial selection today. The following bilateral schools continue to operate in surviving fully selective areas: To be admitted to the selective stream, applicants must achieve the qualifying standard in an eleven plus exam, typically shared with local grammar schools. In practice, some of these schools do not fill their allocation of selective places due to competition from the neighbouring grammar schools. Unlike grammar schools, they are required to fill any remaining places with non-selective applicants. The following schools retain partial selection introduced between 1993 and 1997: All of these schools are over-subscribed. All except Old Swinford Hospital, Archbishop Tenison's School and the London Nautical School select the highest scoring applicants under each criterion. References and notes. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

angxikbhabe nirbasito bidyaloy (england) englandot, angxikbhabe nirbasito bidyaloy hoise kei dozon rajyik puji prodan koraa madhyomik bidyaloyor bhitorot etaa ji 1997 sonor aagote thoka byowosthar dharabahikota hisape onumoti diya dokhyota baa jugyotar dwara teulukor bhortir onupat basoni kore. jodiu bortomanor aainor dwara ekeloge bibesona koraa hoy, xeibur dui prokarorh tripokhyiyo byowosthar owoxistot dipokhyiyo bidyaloy, aaru 1990-ror doxokot aangxik nirbason proborton koraa purbor onudan-rokhyonabekhyon bidyaloy. karikoribhabe byapok bidyaloy hisape shrenibodho korar biporite, xeibure byakoron bidyaloy aaru prokrito byapokotar maajot ek modhyobhumi dokhol kore, aaru byakoron bidyaloyor pokhyo aaru biruddhe bohutu jukti ei bidyaloixomuhor khetrotu projujyo hoy. jodiu ei dhoronor bidyaloy tulonamulokbhabe komm aase, taare keibakhonu rastriyo prodorxon talikat oti uscho nombor laabh kore, aaru dexor ataitkoi odhik grohon koraa bidyaloixomuhor bhitorot onyotomo. scotland aaru welsot kunu angxikbhabe nirbasito bidyaloy naai, jaar xompurnorupe bistrito byowostha aase, aanhate uttor irelande etaa byakhyamulok byowostha bojai rakhise. itihax. angxikbhabe nirbasito bidyaloixomuh dui prokarorh 1997 sonot aangxik nirbason baatil korar nitire etaa sromik sorkar nirbasito koraa hoisil. 1997 sonor disembor maahot xikhya aaru niyug bibhagor rajyik xosibo david blankete koichiloh obosye, bidyaloyor mandondo aaru porikathamu aain 1998-e kisuman bixoyor baabe jugyotar bhittit 10 xotangxoloike basonir onumoti disil jaar baabe ekhon bidyaloy hoise ek bixexogyo mohabidyaloy (dhaara 102), aaru 1997 sonor prowexor purbe thoka aangxik basoni rokhar onumoti disil, jodihe nirbasito onupat 1997 (dhaara 100) tokoi besi nasil. 1998 sonor aaine aangxik basonike dhori bidyaloyor naambhorti byowosthar uporot aapottir uporot raay diboloi khyomota thoka bidyaloyor bisaroku sristi korisil. ei byowosthai nirbason byobohar koraa bidyaloyor xongkhya aaru baaki bidyaloixomuhot aangxik nirbasonor onupat duyuta kromanwoye hraax korise. ei bidyaloixomuhe praye bortomanor saatro-satrixokolor bhai-bhonixokolok ogradhikar diye, durotwo aaru/baa biswaxor mandondo byobohar kori teulukor baaki sthanbur puron kore. bhai-bhonir mandondotu bixexbhabe bitorkito, kiyonu nirbasonor xoite millie ee praye sthaniyo xixur bhortir xongkhyak gurutorbhabe ximito kore. ei udwegor protikriyat, xongxudhito bidyaloyor naambhorti bidhir prarombhik khosorat 10 xotangxotkoi odhik basoni koraa bidyaloixomuhot bhai-bhonir mandondo nixidho korar prostab diya hoisil. bohu protibador pisot, 2007 sonor februaryt prokaxito naambhorti xonghitai bortomanor saatro-satrir bhai-bhonixokolok xurokhito korisil, aaru bidyaloixomuhok bhai-bhonixokolok ogradhikar diyar onumoti disil jodihe "teulukor naambhorti byowosthabure xamogrikbhabe bidyaloyor usorot baax koraa poriyalxomuhok baad nidiye." 2009 sonor januaryt prokaxito xongxudhito kudot ei bakyangxo atoruwa hoisil. xikhya aaru porikhya aain 2006-ror ek bilombito xongxudhoniye 1997 sonor poraa jikunu xomoyote nirbasito onupatok nimnotomo storoloi ximito koriboloi 1998 sonor aain xongxudhon korisil. iyar folot sarita heartfordswire bidyaloyok teulukor xoikhyik basonir onupat 35 xotangxor poraa 25 xotangxoloi hraax koriboloi badhyo korisil. aaji aangxik nirbason. xompurnorupe nirbasito khetroxomuhot nimnolikhito dipokhyiyo bidyaloixomuhe kaam kori aaseh nirbasito xakhat naambhorti koriboloi, abedonkarixokole xadharonote sthaniyo byakrom bidyaloyor xoite bhag koraa egharta odhik porikhyat jugyotar mandondo prapto koribo lagibo. bastobot, iyare kisuman bidyaloi suburiya byakoron bidyaloyor protijugitar baabe nirbasito sthanor aabonton puron nokore. byakoron bidyaloyor biporite, teuluke oh-nirbasito abedonkarixokolor xoite jikunu baaki sthan puron koribo lagibo. 1993 sonor poraa 1997 sonor bhitorot proborton koraa bidyaloixomuhe aangxik nirbason bojai rakhiseh ei xokolubur bidyaloy otirikto xodosyota laabh korise. puroni swinford sikitsaloy, aarsobixop tenison skool aaru london notikel schoolor baahire xokoluwe protitu mandondor odhinot xorbadhik nombor laabh koraa abedonkarik basoni kore.

angshikbhabe nirbachito vidyalaya (ingland) englande, angshikbhabe nirbachito vidyalaya holl koyek dozon rashtriya orthayone porichalito madhyomik bidyalayer modhye ekti jaa 1997 saaler agey vidyaman byabosthar dharabahikata hisabe onumodito dokkhota baa jogyata dwara taader bhortir ekti anupat nirbachan korey. jodio bortoman aain dwara eksathe bibechona koraa hoy, tobey eguli dui dharaner tripakshiya byabosthar aboshistangsher dwipokkhiyo vidyalaya ebong 1990-err doshke angshik nirbachan probortonkari praktan anudan-rakkhanabekkhan vidyalaya. projuktigotobhabe byapok vidyalaya hisabe shreniboddho holeo, eguli byakaran vidyalaya ebong prokrito bodhgamyatar modhye ekti modhyoborti vitti dokhol korey ebong byakaran bidyalayer pokkhe oo bipokkhe onek jukti eyi bidyaloyguliteo prajojya. jodio eyi dharaner school tulonamulokbhabe qama, taader modhye besh koyekti jatiya performance tabile khub beshi score korey ebong desher sorbadhik subscribe koraa schoolgulir modhye royeche. scotland ebong wellsey konao angshikbhabe nirbachito vidyalaya nei, jaar sampurna bistrito byabostha royeche, onnodike uttor ireland ekti byakaran byabostha bojay rekheche. itihas. angshikbhabe nirbachito vidyalaya dui dharaner hayah 1997 saale angshik nirbachan batiler neeti niye ekti shrom sarkar nirbachito hoy. 1997 saaler decembere tatkalin shikkha oo kormosongsthan vishayak sachib david blunkett bolechilenoh tobey, school standard anned framework act 1998 nirdishto kichhu bishoyer jonno jogyata dwara 10 shotangsho porjonto nirbachoner anumati deyo jaar jonno ekti school ekti biseshoggo college (dhara 102), ebong 1997 saaler probesher agey vidyaman angshik nirbachan dhorey rakhar anumati deyo, tobey shorto thaake jey nirbachito anupat 1997 saaler (dhara 100) cheye beshi chhilo naa. 1998 saaler aainti angshik nirbachan soho vidyalaya bhorti byabosthar apottir bishoye raay deoar khomotaprapto vidyalaya bicharokdero toiri korey. eyi byabosthati kromagotovabe bucky bidyaloygulite nirbachan byaboharkari bidyalayer sankhya ebong angshik nirbachoner anupat ubhayi hrass koreche. eyi vidyalayguli prayashai bortoman chhatroder vaibonder agradhikar deyo, durotto ebong/athoba biswaser mandanda byabohar korey taader bucky sthanguli puron korey. bhai-boner mandandati biseshbhabe bitorkito, kaaron nirbachoner saathe etty prayashai sthaniya shishuder bhorti howar sankhyake gurutorvabe seemaboddho korey. eyi udweger protikriyay, ekti sangshodhito school bhorti coder prathomik khasdati 10 shotangsher beshi bachhai koraa schoolgulite vibone mandanda nishiddho korar prostab deyo. onek protibader porr, 2007 saaler februaryte prokashito bhorti bidhi bortoman shikkharthider vaibonder surakkha deyo ebong bidyaloygulike vaibonder agradhikar deoar anumati deyo, jodi "samogrikbhabe taader bhortir byabostha bidyalayer kachakachi bosobaskari poribargulike baad naa deyo." 2009 saaler januaryte prokashito sangshodhito codey eyi bakyangshoti sorano hoyechilo. shikkha oo poridorshon aain 2006-err ekti bilambito sangshodhani 1998 saaler aain sangshodhan korey 1997 saaler porr theke jey konao somoye nirbachito onupatke sorbonimno store seemaboddho korar jonno. etty charti heartfordshire schoolke taader academic nirbachoner anupat 35 shotangsho theke komiye 25 shotangshe namiye aante badhyo korey. aaz angshik nirbachan. nimnolikhito dwipokkhiyo vidyalayguli sampurnarupe nirbachito khetrogulite kaaj korey choleche nirbachito shakha bhorti howar jonno, abedonkarider aboshyoi egarotir beshi porikkhai jogyata orjon korte hobey, jaa sadharonoto sthaniya byakaran bidyalayer saathe bhag koraa hoy. bastobe, eyi vidyalaygulir modhye koyekti parshoborti byakaran vidyalaygulir protijogitar karone nirbachito sthangulir baradda puron korey naa. byakaran bidyalayer biporite, taader aaa-nirbachito abedonkarider saathe aboshishto sthanguli puron korte hobey. nimnolikhito vidyalayguli 1993 theke 1997 saaler modhye probortito angshik nirbachan bojay rekheche eyi samasta vidyalayguli atirikto subscribe koraa. old suinford hospital, archbishop tennison school ebong london notical school chhada bucky sabgulii protiti mandander adhine sorbochcho score koraa abedonkarider nirbachan korey.

aansheek reete pasandgiyukt shaala (ingland) englandma, aansheek reete pasandgiyukt shaala aee ketalik dozen raajy-bhandolthi chaalati maadhyameek shalaomani aek chhe jeey kshamata athavaa yogyata dwara temnaa praveshnaa pramanne pasand karey chhe, jene 1997 pahelaa astitvamaa rahelee vyavsthaona chaalu raakhvaa tareeke manjuri aapvama aavee hatee. vartmaan kaayada dwara eksaathe ganvaamaa aave chhe, tema chhataa teey beey prakaarnee chheh tripaksheey pranaalinaa avsheshoma dhvipakshi shaalao, aneey 1990 naa daykama aansheek pasandagini rajuaat karatee bhutpurv anudaan-jaalvani shaalao. jyaare takneeki reete vyaapak shaalao tareeke vargikrut karvaamaa aave chhe, tyaare teo vyaakaran shaalao aneey saacha vyaapak vachche madhyam aadhaar dharaave chhe, aneey vyaakaran shaalaaoni tarfen aneey viruddhni ghanee daleelo pann aaa shaalaaone laagu padey chhe. aaa prakaarnee shaalaaoni sankhyaa pramanma ochhi hovaa chhataa, temaani ketalik raashtriy pradarshan koshtakomaa khoob jaj uchch guna melve chhe aneey deshnee sauthee vadhu subscribe karelee shalaomani aek chhe. scotland aneey velsamaa koee aansheek reete pasandgiyukt shaalao nathee, jeey sampoorn vyaapak pranaalio dharaave chhe, jyaare uttareey ireland vyaakaran pranali jaalvi raakhe chhe. itihas. aansheek reete pasandgiyukt shaalao beey prakaarnee hoya chheh december aansheek pasandageene nabud karvaanee neetee saathe majur sarkaar chuntavama aavee hatee. teey samaye shikshan aneey rojgaar raajy sacheev david blunkette december december kahyoo hatuh jooe keey, shaala dhorano aneey maalkhaa adhiniyam 1998 aee amuk vishhayo maate yogyata dwara 10 takaa sudhini pasandagini manjuri aapee hatee, jenaa maate shaala aek nishnaat college chhe (kalam 102), aneey 1997 naa pravesh pahelaa astitvamaa rahelee aansheek pasandageene jaalvi rakhvani pann manjuri aapee hatee, jooe keey pasand karel pramaan 1997 (kalam 100) kartaa vadhaare naa hatoo. sudhara kaayadae shaalaona nyaynirnayakoni pann rachnaa curry hatee, jaimne aansheek pasandagi saheet shaala pravesh vyavastha parr vaandhao parr chukaado aapvaano adhikaar aapvama aavyo hato. aaa paddhateeae pasandageeno upyog karatee shaalaaoni sankhyaa aneey baakini shaalaoma aansheek pasandaginaa pramaan bannemaa satat ghataado karyo chhe. aaa shaalao ghanivaar vartmaan vidhyarthiona bhaai-bahenone pann pasandagi aape chhe, antar aneey/athavaa vishvasna maapdandno upyog kareene temnaa baakinaa sthaano bharey chhe. bhaai-bahenno maapdand khaas kareene vivadaspad chhe, kaaran keey pasandagi saathe sanyojanmaa teey ghanivaar dakhal thayela sthaaneek baadakoni sankhyaane gambhir reete maryadit karey chhe. aaa chintaona javabma, sudharela shaala pravesh sanhitaanaa praarambhik musaddama 10 takaathi vadhu vidhyarthioni pasandagi karatee shaalaoma bhaai-bahennaa maapdand parr pratibandh mukvaano prastaav mukvaamaa aavyo chhe. ghanaa veerodh pachhi, februari februari prakashit thayela pravesh sanhitaae vartmaan vidhyarthiona bhaai-bahenone suraksheet rakhyaa hataa aneey shaalaaone bhaai-bahenone prathmikta aapvani manjuri aapee hatee, jooe keey "samagr reete temnee pravesh vyavastha shaalaani najik raheta parivaarone bakaat raakhtee nathee." january january prakashit sudharela kodmaa aaa shabdsamuhne door karvaamaa aavyo hato. shikshan aneey nirikshan adhiniyam adhiniyam vilambit sudhara sudhara adhiniyamma sudhaaro kareene 1997 pachhi koipan samaye sauthee neecha star sudhee pasand karel pramanne maryadit karyoo. aaa kaarane chaar hertfordshire shaalaaone temnee shaikshanik pasandaginu pramaan 35 takaathi ghataadine 25 takaa karvaanee faraj puddy. aaje aansheek pasandagi. neecheni dhvipakshi shaalao sampurnpane pasandaginaa kshetroma kaaryarat chheh pasandgiyukt pravaahmaa pravesh melavaa maate, arajdaaroae ageeyar vattaa parikshama laaykaat dhoran haansal karavu aavashyak chhe, jeey saamanya reete sthaaneek vyaakaran shaalao saathe vahenchaayelu hoya chhe. vyavhaarmaa, aamaani ketalik shaalao padoshi vyaakaran shaalaaoni spardhaane kaarane pasandaginaa sthaloni temnee falvani bharee shaktee nathee. vyaakaran shaalaaothi vipareet, temane biin-pasandgiyukt arajdaaro saathe baakini jagyaao bharvi jaroori chhe. neecheni shaalao 1993 aneey 1997 vachche rajoo karaayelee aansheek pasandagi jaalvi raakhe chheh aaa tamaam shaalao vadhu padatee subscribed chhe. juunii swinford hospital, archbishop tennison school aneey london notical school sivaaynaa tamaam darek maapdand hethal sauthee vadhu guna melavnara arajdaaroni pasandagi karey chhe.

aanshik roop seey chayanaatmak vidyalaya (ingland) ingland mein, ack aanshik roop seey chayanaatmak school kuchh darjan raajya-vitt poshit maadhyamik vidyaalayon mein seey ack haye joe 1997 seey pahale maujood vyavasthaon kii nirantarta key roop mein anumati dee gaee kshamata yaa yogyata key aadhar parr apane pravesh key anupaat kaa chayan karate hain. halanki vartamaan kaanoon dwara ack saath vyavhaar kiya jaataa haye, way dou prakaar key hainh tripakshiya pranali key avasheshon mein dweepaksheeya school, aur poorv anudan-rakharkhaav school jinhone 1990 key dashak mein aanshik chayan kii shuruat kii. takniki roop seey vyaapak vidyaalayon key roop mein vargeekrit kiye jaane key bavjood, way vyaakaran vidyaalayon aur vaastavik samajh key beach ack madhyam aadhar parr rahate hain, aur vyaakaran vidyaalayon key paksh aur virodh mein kaee tark bhee inn vidyaalayon parr lagu hotey hain. haalaanki iss prakaar key apekshaakrit cumm school hain, unamen seey kaee rashtriya pradarshan taalikaon mein bahut adhik ank praapt karate hain, aur desh mein sabse adhik sadasyata praapt schools mein seey hain. scotland aur wells mein koee aanshik roop seey chayanaatmak school naheen hain, jinamen poori tarah seey vyaapak pranaaliyan hain, jabaki uttari ireland mein vyaakaran pranali bunny hui haye. itihas. aanshik roop seey chuninda school dou prakaar key hotey hainh 1997 mein aanshik chayan koo samaapt karane kii neeti key saath ack shram sarkaar chuni gaee thee. shiksha aur rojgar key liye tatkalin raajya sachiv david blunkett ney disambar 1997 mein kahaah haalaanki, school maanak aur dhancha adhiniyam 1998 ney kuchh vishayon key liye yogyata dwara 10 pratishat taka key chayan kii anumati dee, jisake liye ack school ack visheshagya college (dhaara 102) haye, aur 1997 key pravesh seey pahale maujood aanshik chayan koo banaae rakhane kii bhee anumati dee, basharte kii chayanit anupaat 1997 (dhaara 100) kii tulanaa mein adhik naa hoe. 1998 key adhiniyam ney aanshik chayan sahit school pravesh vyavastha parr apattiyon parr shasson karane key liye sashakt schools key nyaynirnayak bhee banaae. iss tantra ney chayan kaa upayog karane vaale schools kii sankhya aur shesh schools mein aanshik chayan key anupaat donon koo lagaatar cumm curr diyaa haye. yeye school aksar vartamaan chhatron key bhaai-bahanon koo bhee prathamikta dete hain, doori aur/yaa vishvaas mandand kaa upayog karke apane baaki sthaanon koo bharate hain. bhaai-bahan kaa mandand vishesh roop seey vivadaspad haye, kyonki chayan key saath sanyojan mein yeh aksar bharti sthaaniya bachchon kii sankhya koo gambhir roop seey seemit kartaa haye. inn chintaon key jawab mein, ack sanshodhit school pravesh sanhita key praarambhik masaude mein una schools mein bhaai-bahan key maandandon koo pratibandhit karane kaa prastaav kiya gayaa haye joe unake pravesh parr 10 pratishat seey adhik kaa chayan karate hain. kaee virodh pradarshanon key baad, farwari 2007 mein prakaashit pravesh sanhita ney vartamaan chhatron key bhaai-bahanon koo sanrakshit kiya, aur schools koo bhaai-bahanon koo prathamikta dene kii anumati dee, basharte kii "unaki pravesh vyavastha poori tarah seey school key paas rahane vaale parivaaron koo baahar naa karey." janwari 2009 mein prakaashit sanshodhit code mein iss vakyansh koo hataa diyaa gayaa thaa. shiksha aur nireekshan adhiniyam 2006 mein ack dair seey sanshodhan ney 1998 key adhiniyam mein sanshodhan kiya taaki 1997 key baad seey kissy bhee samay sabse nichale star parr chune gaye anupaat koo seemit kiya jaa sakey. isane chaar hertfordshire schools koo apane shaikshanik chayan key anupaat koo 35 pratishat seey ghataakar 25 pratishat karane key liye majboor kiya. aaj aanshik chayan. nimnalikhit dwaipaakshik vidyalaya poori tarah seey chuninda kshetron mein kaaryarat hainh chayanaatmak dhaara mein pravesh lene key liye, avedakon koo gyaarah seey adhik kii pariksha mein yogyata maanak praapt karna hoga, joe aamtaur parr sthaaniya vyaakaran vidyaalayon key saath saajha kiya jaataa haye. vyavhaar mein, inmein seey kuchh school padosi vyaakaran vidyaalayon seey pratispardha key kaaran chuninda sthaanon key apane aavantan koo naheen bharate hain. vyaakaran vidyaalayon key vipareet, unhein kissy bhee shesh sthaan koo gair-chayanaatmak avedakon key saath bharna aavashyak haye. nimnalikhit vidyalaya 1993 aur 1997 key beach shuru kiye gaye aanshik chayan koo banaae rakhate hainh inn sabhi schools kii sadasyata adhik haye. puraane swinford aspatal, archbishop tennison school aur landan samudri school koo chhodkar sabhi pratyek mandand key tahat uchchatam ank praapt karane vaale avedakon kaa chayan karate hain.

bhagashah aayda shaale (inglend) englendnalli, bhagashah aayda shaleyu kelavu dozen sarkari anudaanita madhyamika shalegalalli ondaagide, idu idu modalu astitvadallidda vyavasthegala munduvarikeyagi anumatisalaada samarthya athawa abhiruchiya moolaka tamma praveshada pramaanavannu ayke maaduttade. prastuta shaasanavu avugalannu ottige pariganisidaroo, avu eradu vidhagalaagiveh tripakshiya vevastheya avasheshagalalliruva dwipaksheeya shalegalu mattu 1990rahra dasakadalli bhagashah aaykeyannu parichayisida hindina anudaana-nirvahanaa shalegalu. taantrikavaagi samagra shalegalu endu vargeekarisalaagiddaroo, avu vyakarana shalegalu mattu nijavaada samagrategala naduve madhyama nelavannu aakramisuttave, mattu vyakarana shalegala paravagi mattu viruddhavaagi aneka vaadagalu ee shaalegalige anvayisuttave. ee reetiya shalegalu tulanaatmakavaagi kadime iddaroo, avugalalli halavu rashtriya pradarshana koshtakagalalli bahala hecchu ankagalannu galisuttave mattu deshada athi hecchu chandaadaarike padeda shalegalalli serive. scotlend mattu velsnalli sampoornavaagi samagra vyavasthegalannu hondiruva bhagashah aayda shalegalilla, aadare uttara airlend vyakarana vyavastheyannu ulisikondide. itihaasa. bhagashah aayda shalegalu eradu vidhavagiveh vidhavagiveh bhagashah aaykeyannu raddugolisuva nitiyondige kaarmika sarkaaravannu ayke maadalaayitu. aagina sikshana mattu udyoga ilaakheya raajya kaaryadarshiyaagidda david blunkett 1997rahra decembernalli heege helidaru aadaagyoo, shaala manadandagalu mattu chaukattu kayde 1998, shaleyu vishesha kaaleju (vibhaga 102) aagiruva kelavu vishayagalige yogyateya aadhaarada mele shekada shekada aaykege anumati needitu mattu 1997rahra praveshakke modalu astitvadallidda bhagashah aaykeyannu ulisikollalu anumati needitu, aadare ayke maadalaada pramanavu 1997rahra (vibhaga 100) pramaanakkinta hecchiralilla. 1998rahra kaayideyu bhagashah ayke seridante shaala pravesha vyavasthegalige sambandhisida aakshepanegala mele tirpu needalu adhikara hondiruva shaala tirpugaararannu saha rachisitu. ee kaaryavidhaanavu aaykeyannu balasuva shalegala sankhye mattu ulida shalegalalli bhagashah aykeya pramana eradannoo sthiravaagi kadime maadide. ee shalegalu samanyavagi prastuta vidyarthigala odahuttidavarige aadyate niiduttave, doora mattu/athawa nambikeya manadandagalannu balasikondu tamma ulida sthalagalannu tumbuttave. sahodarara manadandavu visheshavaagi vivaadaatmakavaagide, ekendare aykeya samyojaneyalli idu samanyavagi pravesha padeda sthaliya makkala sankhyeyannu tivravagi simitagolisuttade. ee kalavalagalige pratikriyeyagi, parishkruta shaala pravesha samhiteya arambhika karadinalli, tamma praveshada mele shekada shekada hecchu ayke maadida shalegalalli odahuttidavara manadandagalannu nishedhisalu prastaapisalaagide. aneka pratibhatanegala nantara, phebravari phebravari prakatavaada pravesha samhiteyu prastuta vidyarthigala odahuttidavarannu rakshisitu mattu "ottaareyaagi avara pravesha vyavasthegalu shaleya hattira vasisuva kutumbagalannu horagiduvudilla" emba sharattinondige odahuttidavarige aadyate needalu shaalegalige avakasha needitu." 2009rahra janavariyalli prakatavaada parishkruta samhiteyalli ee padaguchchavannu tegeduhaakalaagide. sikshana mattu tapasana kayde kayde tadavagi tiddupadi maadalaagiddu, 1997rahra nantara yaavude samayadalli ayke maadalaada pramaanavannu atyanta kadime mattakke simitagolisalu 1998rahra kaydeyannu tiddupadi maadide. idu naalku hertfordshire shaalegalannu tamma shaikshanika aykeya pramaanavannu shekada shekada shekada shekada ilisuvante maaditu. indu bhagashah ayke. ee kelagina dwipaksheeya shalegalu sampoornavaagi aayda pradeshagalalli kaaryanirvahisuttiveh aayda vibhagakke pravesha padeyalu, arjidaararu hannondu plus pariksheyalli arhata manadandavannu sadhisabeku, samanyavagi sthaliya vyakarana shaalegalondige hanchikollabeku. acharaneyalli, ee shalegalalli kelavu nerehore vyakarana shaalegalinda spardheyindaagi aayda sthalagala hanchikeyannu bharti maduvudilla. vyakarana shaalegaliginta bhinnavagi, avaru ulidiruva yaavude sthalagalannu aaydavallada arjidaararondige bharti maadabekaaguttade. ee kelagina shalegalu 1993 mattu 1997rahra naduve parichayisalaada bhagashah aaykeyannu ulisikondiveh ee ellah shalegalu atiyagi chandaadaarike padedive. haleya swinford aspatre, archbishop tennison shaale mattu london natical shaalegalannu horatupadisi ulida ellah samsthegalu prati manadandada adiyalli athi hecchu ankagalannu galisuva arjidaararannu ayke maaduttave.

bhaagikamaayi thiranjeduttha school (englandu) englandil, 1997 nuu munbu nilavilundaayirunna krameekaranangalude thudarchayaayi anuvadichirikkunna kazhivinteyo abhiruchiyudeyo adisthaanathil avarude praveshanatthinte oru anupatham thiranjedukkunna eathaanum dussen sarkkar dhanasahaayathode pravartthikkunna secondary skoolukalil onnaanu bhaagikamaayi thiranjedukkappetta school. nilavile niyamanirmmaanathiloode orumichu pariganikkunnundenkilum avaa rund tharatthilunda trikakshi samvidaanathinte avashishtangalaaya ubhaykakshi schoolukal, 1990-kalil bhagika thiranjeduppu avatharippicha muun graant paripaalikkunna schoolukal. saankethikamaayi samagra skoolukalaayi tharamthirikkumbol, avaa vyaakarana skoolukalkkum yadhaartha samagrathakalkkum idayil oru madhyanirayilund, koodaathe vyaakarana skoolukale anukoolikkunnathum athirkkunnathumaaya niravadhi vaadangal eee skoolukalkkum baadhakamaan. itharathilulla schoolukal thaarathamyena kuravaanengilum avayil palathum deseeya prakadana pattikayil valare uyarnna score nedunnu, koodaathe raajyathe ettavum kooduthal subscribe cheytha skoolukalil onnaanith. skotlandilum veyilsilum bhaagikamaayi thiranjeduttha skoolukalonnumilla, avaykku poornnamaayum samagramaya samvidaanangalundu, athesamayam vadakkan ireland oru vyaakarana sambradaayam nilanirthunnu. charithram. bhaagikamaayi thiranjeduttha schoolukal rund tharatthilaannu 1997ll bhagika thiranjeduppu nirthalaakkunna nayathode oru thozhil sarkkar thiranjedukkappettu. 1997 desemberil annathe vidyaabhyaasa, thozhil sekrattari david blunket paranju ennirunnaalum, school staanderds aandu framework act 1998 oru school specialist kolejaaya chila vishayangalkk abhiruchi anusarichu 10 sathamaanam vare thiranjedukkaan anuvadichu (sekshan 102), koodaathe 1997 leeii praveshanathinu munbu nilaninnirunna bhagika thiranjeduppu nilanirthaanum anuvadichu, thiranjeduttha anupatham 1997 leeii (sekshan 100) anupaathathekkaal kooduthalaayirunnilla. bhagika thiranjeduppu ulppedeyulla school praveshana krameekaranagalodulla athirppukalekkurichu theerumaanikkaan adikaaramulla school vidhikarthaakkaleyum 1998leeii niyamam srishtichu. eee samvidaanam thiranjeduttha skoolukalude ennavum bakkiyulla skoolukalile bhagika thiranjeduppinte anupaathavum kramanugathamaayi kurachittundu. eee schoolukal palappozhum nilavile vidyaarthikalude sahodarangalkku munganana nalkukayum avarude backie sthalangal akalam koodaathe/allengil vishwaasa maanadandangal upayogichu poorippikkukayum cheiyunnu. sahodarangalude maanadandam prathyekichum vivaadaparamaanu, kaaranam thiranjeduppumaayi samyojippichu ithu palappozhum praadeshika kuttikalude ennam kadinamaayi parimithappedutthunnu. eee aashankakalkku marupadiyaayi, 10 sathamaanathil kooduthal vidyaarthikale thiranjeduttha skoolukalil sahodarangalude maanadandangal nirodhikkan parishkaricha school praveshana niyamatthinte prarambha karadu nirddeshichu. niravadhi prathishedhangalkku sesham, 2007 februvariyil prasidheekaricha praveshana coode nilavile vidyaarthikalude sahodarangale samrakshikkukayum "avarude praveshana krameekaranangal mothatthil skoolinu sameepam thamasikkunna kudumbangale ozhivaakkunnillenkil" sahodarangalkku munganana nalkaan skoolukale anuvadikkukayum cheythu." 2009 januvariyil prasidheekaricha puthukkiya codil eee padaprayogam neekkam cheythu. 1997nuu sesham thiranjedukkappetta anupatham ettavum thaazhnna nilayilekku parimithappeduthunnathina vidyaabhyaasa, parisodhana niyamam 2006leeii oru vaikiyulla bhedagathi 1998leeii niyamam bhedagathi cheythu. ithu naalu hertfordshire skoolukale avarude academic thiranjeduppinte anupatham 35 sathamaanathil ninnu 25 shathamaanamaayi kuraykkaan nirbandhitharaakki. innu bhagikamaaya thiranjeduppu. thaazhepparayunna ubhaykakshi schoolukal poornnamaayum thiranjeduttha mekhalakalil thudarnnum pravartthikkunnu selective streamilake praveshanam nedunnathinu, apekshakar pathinonnu plus pareekshayil yogyathaa nilavaaram kaivarikkanam, saadhaaranayaayi praadeshika vyaakarana skoolukalumaayi pankidunnu. praayogikamaayi, eee skoolukalil chilath ayal vyaakarana skoolukalil ninnulla malsaram kaaranam thiranjeduttha sthalangalude vihitam niraykkunnilla. vyaakarana skoolukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, bakkiyulla sthalangalil thiranjedukkaatha apekshakar poorippikkendathundu. 1993num 1997num idayil avatharippicha bhagika thiranjeduppu thaazhepparayunna schoolukal nilanirthunnu eee skoolukalellaam amithamaayi subscribe cheythavayaanu. pazhaya swinford ashupatri, aarch bishop tenisons school, lunden nottikkal school enniva ozhikeyullava oro maanadandatthinum keezhil ettavum kooduthal score nediya apekshakare thiranjedukkunnu.

anshatah nivadak shaala (ingland) englandmadhye, anshatah nivadak shaala hii rajya-anudanit kahee dozen madhyamik shalanpaiki eka aahe jee 1997 purvi astitvat asalelya vyavasthanche satatya mhanoon parvanagi asalelya kshamata kinwa abhiruchinusar tyanchya praveshache praman nivadte. sadhyachya kayadyandvare jaree teey ekatra manale gele asale taree teey done prakarche aaheth tripakshiy pranalichya avasheshanmadhil dwaipakshik shaala aanee 1990 chya dashakat aanshik nivad suru vapar purvichya anudan-rakhalelya shaala. tantrikdrushtya sarvasamaveshak shaala mhanoon vargikrut kele jaat asale taree, teey vyakaran shaala aanee aanee vyapakatemadhye madhyam aadhar vyapatat aanee vyakaran shalanchya bajoone aanee virodhat anek yuktivad yaa shalanna dekhil lagoo hotat. yaa prakarchya tulanene qamee shaala asalya taree, tyapaiki anek rashtriy kamgirichya taktyanmadhye khoop uchch guna midavatat aanee deshatil sarvadhik abhiday asalelya shalanpaiki eka aahet. scotland aanee velsmadhye anshatah nivadak shaala naheet, jyanchyakade purnapane sarvasamaveshak pranali aahet, tarr uttar irelandmadhye vyakaran pranali kayam aahe. itihas. anshatah nivadak shaala done prakarchya asatatah 1997 madhye aanshik nivad radd karnyachya dhoranasah kamgar sarkar nivadle gele. tatkalin shikshan aanee rojgar sachiv david blunkett yanni december 1997 madhye mhatleh tathapi, shaley manak aanee chaukat kayada 1998 neey jyaa vishisht vishayansathi shaala eka visheshadnya mahavidhyalay aahe (kalam 102) tyasathi yogyatenusar 10 takkyanparyant nivad karnyas parvanagi dilee aanee 1997 chya praveshapurvi astitvat asalelya aanshik nivadila dekhil parvanagi dilee, parantu nivadalele praman 1997 chya (kalam 100) pramanapeksha jaast nasave. 1998 chya kayadyane shalanche nyaynirnayakahi tayar kele, jyanna aanshik nivadisah shaley pravesh vyavasthechya aakshepanvar nirnay ghenyache adhikar denyat aale. yaa yantranene nivadicha vapar vapar shalanchi sankhya aanee urvarit shalanmadhil aanshik nivadiche praman yaa donhimadhye satatyane ghat kelee aahe. yaa shaala anekada sadhyachya vidyarthyanchya bhavandanna dekhil pradhanya detat, tyanchi urvarit jaaga antar aanee/kinwa shraddhechya nikashannusar bharatat. bhavandancha nikash visheshtah vadgrast aahe, kaaran nivadisah teey anekada dakhal jhalelya sthanik mulanchi sankhya gambhirpane maryadit karate. yaa chintanchya uttarat, sudharit shaley pravesh sanhitechya prarambhik masudyat, jyaa shalanmadhye tyanchya praveshavar 10 takkyanpeksha jaast nivad kelee jaate, asha shalanmadhye bhavandanchya nikashanvar bandee ghalanyacha prastav aahe. anek nidarshanannantar, februwari 2007 madhye prakashit jhalelya pravesh sanhitene sadhyachya vidyarthyanchya bhavandanche sanrakshn kele aanee shalanna bhavandanna pradhanya denyachi parvanagi dilee, parantu tyanchya pravesh vyavasthet shalechya jawalpas jawalpas kutumbancha samavesh nahee." janewari 2009 madhye prakashit jhalelya sudharit sanhitet heey shabdalekhan kadhoon taknyat aale. shikshan aanee tapasani kayada 2006 madhye usheera jhalelya durustine 1998 chya kayadyat 1997 pasoon kadhihi sarvat qamee pataliparyant nivadle gelele praman maryadit karnyasathi sudharana kelee. yamule chaar hertfordshire shalanna tyanchya shaikshanik nivadiche praman 35 takkyanvarun 25 takkyanparyant qamee karane bhag padale. aaj aanshik nivad. khaleel dwaipakshik shaala purnapane nivadak kshetranmadhye karyarat aaheth nivadak shakhet pravesh ghenyasathi, arjdaranni akra varshanpeksha jaast vayachya parikshet patrata manak prapt karane aavashyak aahe, jeey samanyatah sthanik vyakaran shalanmadhye samayik kele jaate. vyavharat, yapaiki kahee shaala shejarchya vyakaran shalanchya spardhemule nivadak jaganche vatap bharat naheet. vyakaran shalanpramane, tyanna urvarit jaaga nivad naan kelelya arjdaranni bharavi lagatat. 1993 teey 1997 darmyan suru karnyat aalelya khaleel shalanmadhye aanshik nivad kayam aaheh yaa serve shalanna atee-sadasyata midali aahe. june swinford rugnalay, archbishop tennison shaala aanee london notical shaala vagalata serve pratyek nikashannusar sarvoch guna guna arjdaranchi nivad karatat.

aanshika bhabe chayan karajaithiba bidyalaja (englanda) englandare, eka aanshika chayan bidyalaja heuchhi kichhi dozen rajya-anudan prapta madhyamika bidyalaja madhyaru gotie jaahaa dakhyata kimba dakhyata dwara semanankara prabesha anupata chayan kare, jaahaa 1997 purbaru bidyamana byabasthara nirantarata bhabare anumathi diajaichhi . jadio barttamanara ine dwara ekatra bibechana karajae, segudika dui prakaraha tripakhija byabasthara abasistangshare dwipakhika bidyalaja, ebong purbatana anudan-rakhyanabekhyana bidyalaja jaahaa 1990 dashakare aanshika chayan prabartana karithila . baishajika drustiru byapaka bidyalaja bhabe bargeekruta hoithiba bele, segudika byakarana bidyalaja ebong prakruta byapaka madhyare eka madhyama aadhara adhikara karithae, ebong byakarana bidyalajagudika sapakhyare ebong bipakhyare aneka jukti madhya ehi bidyalajagudika paain prajujya. jadio ehi prakarara apekhyakruta comm bidyalaja achhi, semananka madhyaru aneka jatiah pradarshan tebulare bahuta uccha score karanti, ebong deshar sarbadhika subscribe hoithiba bidyalaja madhyare achanti . scotland ebong welsre kaunasi aanshika chayan bidyalaja naahin, jahara sampurna bistruta byabastha achhi, jetebele kii uttara ireland eka byakarana pranali bajaiah rakhichhi . itihas. aanshika bhabe chayan karajaithiba bidyalajagudika dui prakarara hoithaeh 1997 masihare aanshika chajanaku uchheda kariba neeti sahita eka shrama sarkar nirbachita hoithila. tatkaleena sikhya ebong nijukti sachiba devida blanket 1997 decemberare kahithileh tebe, bidyalaja manaka ebong dhancha adhiniam 1998 keteka bishai paain dakhyata dwara 10 pratishata parjyanta chajanaku anumathi deithila, jeungudika paain eka bidyalaja eka bisheshagya college (dhaara 102), ebong 1997 prabesha purbaru thiba aanshika chajanaku madhya anumathi deithila, jadi chayan karajaithiba anupata 1997 (dhaara 100) thaaru adhika naah thila. 1998 adhiniam madhya bidyalajagudikara nyajapalika srusti karithila, jeunmane aanshika chayan sameth bidyalaja namalekha byabasthara aapatti upare nishpatti nebara khyamata rakhithile. ehi byabastha dwara chajanaku byabahara karuthiba bidyalaja sankhya ebong abasista bidyalajare aanshika chayan anupata ubhaja hrass paichi. ehi bidyalajagudika prajatah barttamanara chatramananka bhaibhauneemananku madhya prathamikata deithanti, semananka abasista sthanagudiku durata ebong/kimba biswasara manadanda byabahara curry purana karithanti. bhaivauneenka manadanda bisesh curry bibadiah, kaaran chayan sahita ehaa prajatah bhartti hoithiba sthaniah pilamananka sankhyaku gurutara bhabare seemita kare . ehi chintara uttara swaroopa, eka sanshodhita bidyalaja admission kodra prarambhika chitha sehi bidyalajagudikare bhaibhaunee manadandaku nishidha karibaku prastaba deichi jaahaa semananka prabesha upare 10 pratishataru adhika chayan karichhi. aneka pratibada parey, februari 2007 ray prakashita admission code barttamanara chhatranka bhaibhauneenku surakhya deithila, ebong bidyalajagudiku bhaibhauneemananku prathamikata debaku anumathi deithila, jadi "samagrika bhabare semanankara admission byabastha bidyalaja nikatare rahuthiba paribaraku baada die naahin." januari 2009 ray prakashita sanshodhita kodare ehi bakyangshaku hatai diajaithila. sikhya ebong nirikhyana adhiniam 2006ray eka bilamba sanshodhana 1998 adhinijamaku sanshodhana curry 1997 paratharu jekaunasi samajare sarbanimna staraku chayan karajaithiba anupataku seemita karithila. ehaa chariti hertfordshire bidyalajaku semananka academic chayan anupataku 35 pratishataru 25 pratishataku hrass karibaku badhya karithila. aaji aanshika chayan. nimnalikhita dwipakhika bidyalajagudika sampurna bhabe chayan karajaithiba khetrare karjya jaari rakhichhantih chajnit dharare bhartti heba paain, abedanakarimane egarati plus parikhyare jogyata manaka hassel karibaku padiba, sadharanatah sthaniah byakarana bidyalaja sahita anshidara . bastabare, ehi bidyalajagudika madhyaru keteka padoshi byakarana bidyalajagudikaru pratijogita hetu semananka chajnit sthana abunton purana karanti naahin. byakarana bidyalajagudika tulanare, semananku anah-chajanakaree aabedanakareenka sahita abasista sthana purana karibaku padiba . nimnalikhita bidyalajagudika 1993ru 1997 madhyare arambha hoithiba aanshika chajanaku bajaiah rakhichhantih ehi samasta bidyalaja atyadhika sadasyata prapta. puruna swinford daktarakhana, archabishap tennison skul ebong london natikal skul byatita anya samasta pratyeka manadanda adheenare sarbadhika score karithiba aabedanakareenku chayan karanti .

anshak taur utte chonvan school (england) england witch, ikk anshak taur utte chonvan school kujh darjan raaj duaara fund prapat secondary schoolan vicchon ikk haii joe samratha jaan yogta duaara aapne dakhle dey anupat dee chonh karde hunn, jiss noon 1997 toon pahilan maujood parbandhan dee nirantarta vajon aagiaa ditti gaee see. halanki maujuda kanoon duaara ikkathe ilaaj keeta jaanda haii, uh doou kisman dey hann tinn-pakkhi pranali dey bache hoye duvalle school, atey sabka grant-rakkh-rakhaa vaale school jinhan neey 1990 dey dahake witch anshak chonh dee shuruat keeti see. takniki taur utte viaapak schoolan dey roop witch shrenibadh keete jaanh dey bavjood, uh viaakaran schoolan atey sacchi viaapaktavan dey vichkaar ikk maddh adhaar utte kabza karde hunn, atey viaakaran schoolan dey huck witch atey virodh witch bahut saariaan dalilan vee inhan schoolan utte lagu hundiaan hunn. halanki iss kisam dey school mukabaltan ghatt hunn, parr unhan vicchon kaee rashtari pardarshan table witch bahut ucche ank prapat karde hunn, atey desh dey sabh toon vaddh gahki prapat schoolan vicchon ikk hunn. scotland atey wells witch koee anshak taur utte chonven school naheen hunn, jinhan witch puurii tarahan viaapak pranaliaan hunn, jadon kii uttri ireland witch ikk viaakaran pranali barkarar haii. itihaas. anshak taur utte chunhe gaye school doou tarahan dey hunde hann 1997 witch anshak chonh noon khatam curran dee neeti dey naal ikk mazdoor sarkaar chunhi gaee see. uss vele sikkhiaa atey rozgaar laee raaj dey sakattar david blunkett neey dasambar 1997 witch kihaau halanki, school standards aind framework aikat 1998 neey kujh vishiaan laee yogta duaara 10 pratishat takk dee chonh dee aagiaa ditti jiss laee ikk school ikk mahr kaalaj haii (section 102), atey 1997 dey dakhle toon pahilan maujood anshak chonh noon barkarar rakkhan dee aagiaa vee ditti, basharte kii chunhiaa giaa anupat 1997 (section 100) naalon vaddh naa howay. 1998 dey aikat neey schoolan dey niaankar vee banaae, jinhan noon anshak chonh samet school dakhle dey parbandhan 'teey itraazaan' teey faisla curran daa adhikar ditta giaa see. iss vidhi neey chonh dee varton curran vaale schoolan dee ginti atey baaki schoolan witch anshak chonh dey anupat dovan noon nirantar ghataa ditta haii. ih school aksar maujuda vidiaarthiaan dey bhainn-bharavan noon vee tarjih dinde hunn, doori atey/jaan vishwas dey mapdandan dee varton karde hoye aapne baaki sathanan noon bharde hunn. bhainn-bharaa daa mapdand vishesh taur 'teey vivadpuran haii, kiunki chonh dey naal ih aksar dakhal keete gaye sathanak bacchiaan dee ginti noon gambhir taur' teey seemat karda haii. inhan chintavan dey jawab witch, sodhe hoye school dakhla zabte dey shuruati kharde witch uhanan schoolan witch bhainn-bharaa dey mapdandan utte pabandi lagaun daa prastav ditta giaa haii jinhan neey aapne dakhle utte 10 pratishat toon vaddh dee chonh keeti haii. bahut saare virodh pardarshanan toon baad, farvari 2007 witch prakashit dakhla code neey maujuda vidiaarthiaan dey bhainn-bharavan dee surakhiaa keeti, atey schoolan noon bhainn-bharavan noon tarjih denh dee aagiaa ditti basharte kii "samuche taur 'teey unhan dey dakhle dey parbandh school dey nede rahinn vaale parivaran noon bahr naa rakkhan." iss vakansh noon janwari 2009 witch prakashit sodhe hoye code witch hataa ditta giaa see. sikkhiaa atey nirikhan aikat 2006 witch dair naal sodh neey 1998 dey aikat witch sodh keeti taan joe 1997 toon baad kise vee samein chunhe gaye anupat noon sabh toon hethle paddhar takk seemat keeta jaa sake. iss neey chaar hertfordshire schoolan noon aapni akadamik chonh dey anupat noon 35 pratishat toon ghataa keey 25 pratishat curran laee majbur keeta. anshak chonh ajj heth likhe duvalle school puurii tarahan chonven khetran witch kamm karna jaari rakkhde hann chonvin dhaara witch dakhla lainn laee, binaikaran noon giaaran toon vaddh dee prikhiaa witch yogta miaar prapat karna chahida haii, aam taur utte sathanak viaakaran schoolan naal sanjha keeta jaanda haii. abhiaas witch, inhan vicchon kujh school guandhi viaakaran schoolan dey mukabale caarn chonven sathanan dee aapni allotment noon naheen bharde hunn. viaakaran schoolan dey ulat, uhanan noon kise vee baaki thaavan noon gair-chonven binaikaran naal bharna painda haii. heth likhe school 1993 atey 1997 dey vichkaar shuru keeti gaee anshak chonh noon barkarar rakkhde hann ih saare school ziaada gahki prapat hunn. purane swinford hospital, archbiship tennison school atey london samundari school noon chhadd keey saare harek mapdand tehat sabh toon vaddh ank prapat curran vaale binaikaran dee chonh karde hunn.

aamshikaroopena chyan-vidyaalayah (england) england-deshe, aamshikaroopena chyan-vidyaalayah rajya-vittaposhitaanaam katipayeshu dajanshu maadhyamikavidyaalayeshu anyatamah asti, ye 1997 tamavarshaat poorvam vidyamananam vyavasthaanaam anuvartanaroopen anumoditaah, kshamatayaa vaa abhiruchiyah vaa svapraveshasya anupaatam aarabhante. yadyapi vartamaan-vidhanena sahavartanam krutam tathaapi te dwayoh prakarayoho santi-tripaksheey-vyavasthaayaah avashishteshu dwaipaakshika-vidyaalayaah, tathaa cha poorva-anudaan-anurakshit-vidyaalayaah ye 1990 tame dashake aamshika-chayanam praavartayan. yadyapi tantrikadrushtya vyaapak-vidyaalayaroopen vargeekrutaah santi, tathaapi te vyaakaran-vidyaalayaanaam vaastavika-samagranam cha madhye madhyamabhoomim aakramayanti, tathaa cha vyaakaran-vidyaalayaanaam pakshe, viruddham cha aneke tarkah eteshu vidyaalayeshu api vartante. yadyapi etaadrushaah vidyaalayaah tulyena alpaah santi, tathaapi teshu bahavah rashtriya-pradarshana-saranishu atyantam uccham ankam praaptavantah, tathaa cha deshe atyadhika-abhidaay-praaptaasu vidyaalayeshu anyatamaah santi. scatland-wells-nagareshu aamshikaroopena chyan-vidyaalayaah naa santi, yeshu purnataya vyaapak-pranaaleeh santi, uttar-ireland-deshe vyaakaran-pranaali asti. itihaasah. aamshikaroopena chayanitaah vidyaalayaah dwayoh prakarayoho santi. 1997 tame varshe aamshika-chayanasy unmoolan-neetyaa saha shrama-sarwakaarah nirwaachitah. tadaa shiksha-rojagaar-raajyasachivah david blunkett ityeshah 1997 december-maase uktavaan - parantu, vidyaalayasya maanakam tathaa samrachanaa-adhiniyamah 1998, katipayanam vishayanam krute, yasya krute vidyaalayah visheshajna-mahaavidyaalayaha asti (dhaaraa 102), abhiruchi-dwara 10 pratishatam yaavat chayanasy anumatim dattavaan, tathaa cha 1997 tamavarshasya praveshaat poorvam vidyamaanasya aamshika-chayanasy dharanasya anumatim dattavaan, basharte chyan-anupaatah 1997 tamavarshasya (dhaaraa 100) apekshayaa adhikam naa aasit. 1998 tame varshe adhiniyamah vidyaalayasya nyayanirnayakam api nirmitavaan, ye aamshika-chayanam api cha vidyaalayasya pravesha-vyavasthaayaah akshepanam vishaye nirnayam kartum shaktau aasan. anena vyavasthayaa chayanasy upayogena vidyaalayaanaam sankhyaa, shesheshu vidyaalayeshu aamshika-chayanasy anupaatah cha nirantaram nyooneekrutah. ete vidyaalayaah praayah vartamaanasya chhatranam bhraatrubhyah api pradhanyam dadati, teshaam sheshasthanani duratayaha/athavaa vishvaasasya manadandasya upayogena poorayanti. bhraatru-maanadandah visheshatayaa vivaadaaspadah asti, yatah chayanena saha samyojanena praayah sthaniya-balanam praveshasya sankhyaa teevratayaa parimitaa bhavati. etaan chintanam pratikriyaaroopen, samshodhite vidyaalayaanaam pravesha-samhitaayaah praarambhik-praaroope vidyaalayeshu, ye 10 pratishataat adhikam bhaagam sweekartum icchanti, teshaam madhye bhraatru-maanadandam nishedhayitum prastaawah krutah. anekeshaam virodhaanaam anantaram, 2007 februvari-maase prakaashitah pravesha-samhitah vartamaanachhaatraanaam bhraatru-bhraatru-janaan rakshitavaan, vidyaalayaan bhraatru-janaan pradhanyam daatum cha anumanyata, basharte "teshaam pravesha-vyavasthaha samagratayaa vidyaalayasya sameepe nivasantah parivaran naa bahishkaroti." 2009 janavaree-maase prakashitasya samshodhitakode etat padaprayoga apasaaritam. shiksha-nireekshan-adhiniyamah 2006 ityasya vilamba-samshodhanena 1998 adhiniyamasya samshodhanena 1997 tamaat varshaat aarabhy, chayanam anupaatam nyoonatamastaram yaavat seemitam kartum, anena chatwaarah hertfordshair-vidyaalayaah shaikshanik-chayanasy anupaatam 35 pratishatatah 25 pratishatam yaavat nyooneekartum baadhyaah abhavan. adya aamshikam chayanam. sampurnataya chayankshetreshu anuvartaneshu dweepaksheeya-vidyaalayaanaam kaaryam aviratam asti. chayanaatmak-shakhayam praveshaartham, aavedanakartaarah ekaadasha-adhika-parikshayam arhataa-maanakam avashyam praapnuyuh, samanyataya sthaniya-vyaakaran-vidyaalayaih saha saha saha. vyavahaare, eteshu kechan vidyaalayaah samipasthanam vyakaranavidyalayanam spardhayaha karanat swasya chyan-sthananam aabantanam naa poorayanti. vyakaranavidyalayanam vipareetam, te kaanichan avashishtasthaanaani chayanarahit-aavedanakartrubhih poorayanti. 1993 taha 1997 paryantam pravartitaah vidyaalayaah aamshika-chayanam dhaarayanti. ete sarve vidyaalayaah ati-sadasyataya santi. puratanam swinford-chikitsaalayam, aarch bishap tennison-vidyaalayam, landan-naatikal-vidyaalayam cha vihaay sarvaani pratyekam manadandasya antargatam ucchatamam ankam praaptam aavedanakartum cha chinvanti.

oralavu thernthedukkappatta palli (englaanthu) englaanththil, oru pakuthi thernthedukkappatta palli enbathu oru sila dajan arasu nidhiyudhavi perum maelnilaip palligalil ontraakum, idhu 1997 kku munbu irunththa aerpaadukalin thodarchchiyaaga anumathikkappatta thiran allathu thiramai moolam thangal saerkkai vigithaththaith thaernthedukkirathu. tharpoothaiya sattaththaal ontraaka karudhappattaalum, avai irandu vagaikalaaka ullanah muttharappu amaippin enjchiya irutharappu palligal, mattrum 1990 kazhil pakuthi thervai arimugappaduththiya munnaal maaniyatthaal paraamarikkappadum palligal. thozhilnutpa reethiyaaga virivaana pallikalaaka vagaippaduththappattaalum, avai ilakkanap palligalukkum unmaiyana purithalukkum idaiyil oru naduththara nilatthai aakiramiththullana, maelum ilakkanap palligalukku aatharavaakavum ethiraagavum pala vaathangkal inththa palligalukkum porunthum. inththa vagai oppeettalavil sila palligal irunththaalum, avattril pala thaesiya seyalthiran attavanaigalil miga uyarnththa mathippenkalai perugindrana, maelum avai naattil adhiga santhaa pettra palligalil ontraakum. skaatlaanthu mattrum valcil oralavu thernthedukkappatta palligal ethuvum illai, avai muttrilum virivaana amaippugalaik kondullana, athae neraththil vadakku ayarlaandhu oru ilakkana muraiyaith thakka vaitthuk kondullathu. varalaaru. oralavu thernthedukkappatta palligal irandu vagaikalaaka ullanah 1997ill oru paguthith thervai ozhikkum kolgaiyudan oru thozhilaazhar arasaangkam thaernthedukkappattathu. appoathu kalvi mattrum vaelaivaaippukkaana maanilach seyalaalaraaga irunththa davit plunkett 1997 disambaril koorinaar iruppinum, palli tharanilaikal mattrum kattamaippup sattam 1998 oru palli oru sirappuk kallooriyaaga (pirivu 102) irukkum sila paadangkalukku 10 sathaveetham varai tiranin adippadaiyil thaervu seiya anumathiththathu, maelum 1997 aam aandu nuzhaivatharku munbu irunththa pakuthi thervai thakkavaikkavum anumathiththathu, thernthedukkappatta vigitham 1997 aam aandil (pirivu 100) irunthathai vida athigamaaga illai. 1998 aam aandu sattam pallikalin theerppaayangkalai uruvaakkiyathu, pakuthi thaervu udpada palli saerkkai aerpaadukalukku aatchaepanaikalai theerkka athikaaram aliththathu. inththa porimurai, thaernthedukkum pallikalin ennikkaiyaiyum, meethamulla palligalil paguthith thaervin vigithaththaiyum seeraagak kuraiththullathu. inththa palligal perumpaalum tharpoothaiya maanavargalin udanpirappugalukku munnurimai alikkindrana, thooram mattrum/allathu nambikkai alavukoalgalaip payanpaduththi avarkalin meethamulla idangkalai nirappukindrana. udanpirappu alavukoal kurippaaga sarchaikkuriyathu, aenenil thaervudan inainthu idhu perumpaalum anumathikkappatta ulloor kuzhandhaigalin ennikkaiyai kadumaiyaagak kattuppaduththukirathu. inthak kavalaigalin pathilukku, thirutthappatta palli saerkkaik kuriyeettin aaramba varaivu, 10 sathaveethaththirkum athikamaanavarkalaith thaerntheduththa palligalil udanpirappu alavukoalgalaith thadai seiya munmozhinthathu. pala poaraattangkalukkup piragu, pipravari 2007 ill veliyidappatta saerkkaik kuriyeedu tharpoothaiya maanavargalin udanpirappugalaip paathukaaththathu, maelum palligalil udanpirappugalukku munnurimai alikka anumathiththathu, "ottumoththamaaga avarkalin saerkkai aerpaadukal pallikku arugil vasikkum kudumbangalai vilakavillai." janavari 2009 ill veliyidappatta thirutthappatta kuriyeettil inththa sottrodar agattrappattathu. kalvi mattrum aaivugal sattam 2006 ill thaamathamaaga thiruththam seiyappattathu, 1998 aam aandin sattaththil 1997 aam aandilirunthu endha neraththilum thernthedukkappatta vigithaththai migak kuraindha nilaikku mattuppaduththiyathu. idhu naanku heartfordshire palligalai thangal kalvi thaervin vigithaththai 35 sathaveethaththilirunthu 25 sathaveethamaagak kuraikka kattaayappaduththiyathu. intru pakuthi thaervu. pinvarum irutharappu palligal muzhumaiyaaga thernthedukkappatta pakuthikalil thodarnthu seyalpadugindrana thernthedukkappatta pirivil saera, vinnappathaarargal pathinoru plus thaervil thaguthi tharatthai adaiya vaendum, podhuvaaga ulloor ilakkana palligaludan pagirnthu kolla vaendum. nadaimuraiyil, inththa palligalil sila andai ilakkanap pallikalin poatti kaaranamaaga thernthedukkappatta idangkalai nirappuvathillai. ilakkanap palligalaip poalallaamal, meethamulla idangkalil thaernthedukkappadaatha vinnappathaarargaludan nirappa vaendum. pinvarum palligal 1993 mattrum 1997 kku idaiyil arimugappaduththappatta pakuthi thervai thakkavaiththukkolkintrana inththa palligal anaiththum adhiga santhaa pettrullana. pazhaiya swinford maruthuvamanai, paeraayar denison palli mattrum lundon kadal palli thavira mattra anaiththum ovvoru alavukoalilum adhiga mathippen pettra vinnappathaaragalaith thaernthedukkindrana.

paakshikamgaa empika chesina paatasaala (ingland) inglandlo, paakshikamgaa empika chesina paatasaala anedi 1997 kii mundu unna erpaatla konasagimpuga anumatinchabadina saamarthyam ledhaa optitude dwara vaari pravesamlo nishpattini enchukune konni dozenla prabhutva nidhulatho nadiche madhyamika paatasaalalo okati. prastuta chattam dwara kalisi pariganhinchabadinappatiki, avi rendu rakaalu traipaakshika vyavastha avasheshaalalo dwaipaakshika paatasaalalu, mariyu 1990laloe pakshika empikanu pravesapettina maajee grant-nirvahana paatasaalalu. saanketikamgaa samagra paatasaalalugaa vargeekarinchabadinappatiki, avi vyaakarana paatasaalalu mariyu nijamaina samagratala madhya madhya sthaayini aakramistaayi, mariyu vyaakarana paatasaalalaku anukuulamgaa mariyu vyatiraekamgaa aneka vaadanalu kooda eee paatasaalalaku vartistaayi. eee rakamaina paatasaalalu chaalaa takkuva unnappatikee, vaatilo chaalaa varaku jaateeya pradarsana pattikallo chaalaa ekkuva score saadhistaayi mariyu desamlo atyadhika chandha pondina paatasaalallo okatigaa unnaayi. scatland mariyu vaelsloo paakshikamgaa empika chesina paatasaalalu laevu, ivi puurtigaa samagra vyavasthalanu kaligi unnaayi, ayithe uttara ireland vyaakarana vyavasthanu kaligi undhi. charitra. paakshikamgaa empika chesina paatasaalalu rendu rakaalu 1997loe pakshika empikanu raddu chese vidhaanamtho kaarmika prabhutvam ennikayyindi. appati vidya mariyu upaadhi saakha karyadarshi david blunkett 1997 decemberlo ilaa annaru ayithe, paatasaala pramaanaalu mariyu framework chattam 1998, oka paatasaala pratyeka kalaasaala (section 102) ayina konni vishayaalaku optitude dwara 10 saatam varaku empikanu anumatinchindi, mariyu 1997 pravaesaaniki mundu unna pakshika empikanu nilupukodaniki kooda anumatinchindi, ayithe empika chesina nishpatti 1997 (section 100) kante ekkuvagaa undakudadu. 1998 chattam paatasaala nyaayanirnaetalanu kooda srushtinchindi, pakshika empikatho sahaa paatasaala pravesha erpatlapai abhyantaraalapai teerpu ivvadaaniki adhikaram undhi. eee yantraangam empikanu upayoginche paatasaalala sankhyanu mariyu migilina paatasaalallo pakshika empika nishpattini kramamga tagginchindi. eee paatasaalalu tarachugaa prastuta vidyaarthula thobuttuvulaku praadhaanyata istayi, migilina pradaesaalanu dhooram mariyu/ledhaa vishwaasa pramaanaalanu upayoginchi nimputaayi. thobuttuvula pramaanam mukhyamgaa vivadaspadamga undhi, endukante empikatho kalipi idhi tarachugaa sthaanika pillala sankhyanu teevramgaa parimitam chestundi. eee aandolanalaku pratispandanagaa, savarinchina paatasaala pravaesaala code yokka prarambha musaida, vaari pravesampai 10 saatam kante ekkuva empika chesina paatasaalallo thobuttuvula pramaanaalanu nishedhinchaalani pratipaadinchindi. aneka nirasanala taruvaata, fibravari 2007loe prachurinchabadina pravaesaala niyamaavali prastuta vidyaarthula thobuttuvulanu rakshinchindi, mariyu "mottam vaari pravesha erpaatlu paatasaalaku sameepamlo nivasinche kutumbaalanu minahayinchavu" anae nibandhanatho thobuttuvulaku praadhaanyata ivvadaaniki paatasaalalanu anumatinchindi." 2009 janavarilo prachurinchabadina savarinchina code loe eee padabandhaanni tolaginchaaru. 1997 nundi ennukoobadina nishpattini atyalpa sthaayiki parimitam cheyadaaniki vidya mariyu tanikheela chattam 2006kii aalasyamgaa chesina savarana 1998 chattanni savarinchindi. idhi naalugu hertfordshire paatasaalalanu vaari vidya empika nishpattini 35 saatam nundi 25 saataaniki tagginchavalasi vachindi. eeroju pakshika empika. eee krindi dwaipaakshika paatasaalalu puurtigaa empika chesina praantaalalo konasagutunnayi empika chesina vibhaagamlo pravesam pondadaaniki, darakhaastudaarulu padakondu plus pareekshalo arhata pramaanaanni saadhinchaali, saadhaaranamgaa sthaanika vyaakarana paatasaalalato panchukoovaali. aacharanalo, eee paatasaalallo konni porugu vyaakarana paatasaalala nundi pootii kaaranamgaa empika chesina sthalaala ketaayimpunu bharti cheyavu. vyaakarana paatasaalala maadirigaa kakunda, vaaru migilina pradaesaalaloo empika kaani darakhaastudaarulatoo nimpavalasi untundi. eee krindi paatasaalalu 1993 mariyu 1997 madhya pravesapettina pakshika empikanu konasaginchayi eee paatasaalalannii adhika chandha pondaayi. paatha swinford aasupatri, arch bishop tennison paatasaala mariyu london natical paatasaala minaha migilina annintiloo prati pramaanam kinda atyadhika skoru saadhinchina darakhaastudaarulanu empika chestaaru.

jazwi toor parr muntakhib school (england) england mein jazwi toor parr muntakhib school inn chand darjan sarkaari maali aanat say chalnay waalay saanvi schoolon mein say eek hay juu apnee ahlit yaa istedad kay lahaaz say apnee intech kaa eek tanasib muntakhib kartay haine jiss kii ajazat 1997 say pehley mojud intezamat kay taslasal kay toor parr dee gayee thee. agarcha maujudah qanoon saazi kay zariye eek saath alaaj kiyaa jaataa hay leakin inn kii duu qasmein haine: sah fareeqi nazaam kii baqiyat mein duu tarfah school aur saabiq grant kay zeer intezam school jinhon nay 1990 kii dahayi mein jazwi intekhaab mutaarif karaya. takniki toor parr jaamaa schoolon kay toor parr darjah bund honay kay bawajood wah grimer schoolon aur haqeeqi jamaiyon kay darmiyan darmiyani satah parr qaabiz haine aur grimer schoolon kay haqh aur mukhalifat mein behat say dilayal inn schoolon parr bhee laago hotay haine. agarcha iss qasm kay nasbata kumm school haine leakin inn mein say kayee qomi karkardgi kii mezon mein behat ziyadah number haasil kartay haine aur milk kay sabb say ziyadah subscribe shadah schoolon mein say haine. scott lend aur wells mein koyee jazwi toor parr muntakhib school nahein haine jinn mein makmal toor parr jaamaa nazaam haine jabkah shamali ireland mein grimer kaa nazaam barqarar hay. tareekh. jazwi toor parr muntakhib school duu qasm kay hotay haine: 1997 mein jazwi intekhaab kuu khatam karnay kii palisi kay saath eek leebar hukumat kaa intekhaab kiyaa gayaa. iss waqat kay secertry aaf steat baraye taleem woo rozgaar dude blunket nay dasambar 1997 mein kahaa: tahim school kay mayaraat aur freem wark aikat 1998 nay baaz mazamin kay liye ahlit kay lahaaz say 10 faisad takk kay intekhaab kii ajazat dee jiss kay liye eek school eek maahir college hay (section 102)yee aur 1997 kay daakhley say pehley mojud jazwi intekhaab kuu barqarar rakhnay kii bhee ajazat dee bashartikah muntakhib kardah tanasib 1997 (section 100) say ziyadah naha how. 1998 kay aikat nay schoolon kay jajj bhee banaye jinhein jazwi intekhaab sameet school kay daakhley kay intezamat parr aiterazat parr faislah karnay kaa akhtiyar haasil thaa. iss tariqah kaar nay slection kaa istemaal karnay waalay schoolon kii taadad aur baqiyah schoolon mein jazwi slection kay tanasib donon kuu muslisil kumm kiyaa hay. yaha school aksar maujudah shagirdon kay behan bhayiyon kuu bhee tarjih deetay haine fasilay aur/yaa aqeede kay mayaar kaa istemaal kartay hoay apnee baaqi jighon kuu parr kartay haine. behan bhayee kaa mayaar khaas toor parr mutnazah hay keunkah intekhaab kay saath mill kirr yaha aksar daakhil honay waalay maqami bachon kii taadad kuu shadeed toor parr mahdud kartaa hay. inn khadshaat kay jawaab mein schoolon kay nazar saani shadah daakhlah zabtay kay ibtadayi masudey mein inn schoolon mein behan bhayiyon kay mayaar parr pabandi laganay kii tajweez paish kii gayee hay jinn mein inn kii intech parr 10 faisad say ziyadah kaa intekhaab kiyaa gayaa hay. behat say muzahiron kay baad faroori 2007 mein shaye honay waalay daakhlah zabtay nay maujudah talbaa kay behan bhayiyon kii hifazat kii aur schoolon kuu behan bhayiyon kuu tarjih deenay kii ajazat dee bashartikah "majmuyi toor parr inn kay daakhley kay intezamat school kay qareeb rehney waalay khandanon kuu khaarij naha karein." iss faqray kuu januri 2009 mein shaye honay waalay nazar saani shadah code mein hataa diyaa gayaa thaa. ajucation aind inspections aikat 2006 mein deer say tarmim nay 1998 kay aikat mein tarmim kii taakah 1997 kay baad say kasee bhee waqat muntakhib kardah tanasib kuu sabb say kumm satah takk mahdud kiyaa jaa sakay. iss nay chaar hertfordshire schoolon kuu taleemi intekhaab kay apnay tanasib kuu 35 faisad say kumm kirr kay 25 faisad karnay parr majbur kiyaa. aaj jazwi intekhaab. mandarjah zeel duu tarfah school makmal toor parr muntakhib elaqon mein kaam kartay rehtay haine: slecto stream mein daakhlah leenay kay liyay darkhwast dehandgan kuu gayarah say ziyadah kay imtehan mein qualifying mayaar haasil karnaa hogaa juu aam toor parr maqami grimer schoolon kay saath mushtarkah hotaa hay. emli toor parr inn mein say kachh school padosi grimer schoolon kay muqabilay kii wajah say muntakhib maqamat kay apnay mukhtas kardah hasay kuu nahein bhartay haine. grimer schoolon kay barakas inhein kasee bhee baqiyah jagah kuu ghair intekhabi darkhwast dehandgan say parr karnaa zaruri hay. darj zeel school 1993 aur 1997 kay darmiyan mutaarif karaye gayey jazwi intekhaab kuu barqarar rakhtay haine: yaha tamaam school ziyadah subscribe shadah haine. paraaney swenford hospital aarch bashp tennison school aur landan natikal school kay elawah sabhi harr mayaar kay tahat sabb say ziyadah score karnay waalay darkhwast dehandgan kaa intekhaab kartay haine.

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https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki?curid=1823170

specifa

specifa Esperanto. Etymology. Ultimately from , from + . Compare , , , . Related to .

bixexotwo. byutpotti. owoxexot, + ror poraa. tulona korok,,,. xomporkito.

bishesh korey. byutpatti. shesh porjonto, theke +. tulna korun,,. somporkito.

vishishtataa. vyutpatti. aakhare + thee. sarkhaamani karoo,,. sambandhit.

vishesh roop seey. vyutpatti. antatah seey, seey +. tulanaa karein,,. seey sambandhit.

nirdishta esperanto. vyutpatti. antimavagi, + ninda. holisi,,. sambandhiside.

prathyeka esperanto. padavyuthpathishaasthram. aathyanthikamayi + ll ninnu. thaarathamyam cheyyuka,,. bandhapetta.

vishisht speranto. vyutpatti. shevati, + pasoon. tulana qaraa,,. sambandhit.

vishesh asperanto. wyutpatti. antatah, + batt. tulana garnuhos,,. sambandhit.

bisesh bhabe ullekha karantu. byutpatti. sheshare, + ru. tulana karantu,,,. saha jadita.

vishesh taur 'teey. shabdawali. ant witch + toon. tulna crow,,,. naal sabandhat.

vishishtam vivaranam. vyutpattih. antatah + taha. tulanam karotu,,. sambaddham.

esperento pattri vivaram. sorpirappiyal. iruthiyil, + ilirunththu. oppiduga,,,. thodarpudaiyathu.

pratyekamainavi. vyutpatti. chivaraku nundi, + nundi. polchandi,,. sambandhita.

makhsus aspiranto. siftiyat. balaakhir say say +. mawaznah karein. say mutaliq.

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https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki?curid=2191199

Kram

Kram German. Etymology. From , from , probably ultimately borrowed from , such as or . The semantic development is → → → → . Cognate with . and . More at .

kraam german. byutpotti. poraa, poraa, xombhobotoh owoxexot iyar poraa rino luwa, jene baa. xobdarthor bikax hoise → → → →. xoite gyat houk. aaru. odhik.

krama german. byutpatti. theke, theke, sombhoboto shesh porjonto dhaar koraa hoyeche, jemon baa. shobdarther bikash holl → → →. sange porichito hohn. ebong. arow.

kraam german. vyutpatti. maanthi, maanthi, kadaach aakhare udhaar leedhu, jaim keey athavaa. cementic vikaas chhe. saathe parichit thaao. aneey. vadhu.

kraam german. vyutpatti. seey, seey, shayed antatah udhaar liya gayaa, jaise kii yaa. shabdarth vikas haye. key saath parichit. aur. adhik.

cram german. vyutpatti. bahushah antimavagi eravalu padeda, udaaharanege, athawa. shabdaarthada belavanigeyu ≤ → → → aagide. avarondige gurutisikolli. mattu. hecchu.

kraam jarmman. padavyuthpathishaasthram. orupakshe aathyanthikamayi kadameduthathil ninnu, allengil. ardhaghadanayude vikasanam → → → → aanu. ariyuka. oppam. kooduthal.

kraam german. vyutpatti. pasoon, pasoon, kadachit shevati karj ghetale, jase qee kinwa. shabdarth vikas haah aahe. olakh karoon ghya. aanee. adhik.

kram german. wyutpatti. batt, batt, sambhawatah antatah udharo, jastai wa. shabdartha vikas how → → →. sita parichit hunuhos. anie. thap.

cram german. byutpatti. thaaru, thaaru, bodhahue sheshare runa, jepariki kimba. sabdarthara bikash heuchhi → → →. sahita parichita huantu. ebong. adhika.

kraam german. shabdawali. toon, toon, shayed akheer witch udhaar liaa giaa, jiven kii jaan. arth vikas haii. naal jaanhu hovo. atey. horr.

kraam german-bhashayam. vyutpattih. praayah antatah, yathaa, athavaa ityatah runam sweekrutam. shabdaarthavikaasah---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - saha parichitah. tathaa cha. adhikam.

kiram jerman. sorpirappiyal. irunthu, irunthu, anegamaaga iruthiyil cuddon vaangkappattathu, allathu poantrathu. sorporul valarchi enbathu → → → →. therinthukollungal. mattrum. maelum.

cram german. vyutpatti. nundi, nundi, bahusha chivariki nundi appuga teesukunnadi, ledhaa. ardhaparamaina abhivruddhi anedi → → → →. thoo parichayam. mariyu. marinta.

karam german. siftiyat. say say shayed balaakhir iss say adhaar liyaa gayaa jeesay yaa. sementik dwelopment hay. kay saath pehchanein. aur. mazeed.

fffcfd2be50eff6b7b10baa8de2565304c8244e0e36fba2cb77c335e8db9659f

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57911066

Gertrud Seidmann

Gertrud Seidmann Austrian-British art historian, glyptologist, writer and teacher Gertrud Seidmann, (16 September 1919 – 15 February 2013) was an Austrian-British linguist and jewellery historian, specialising in engraved gems. Her first career was as a linguist, teaching German and applied linguistics at Battersea County School, the University of Oxford, and the University of Southampton: she was awarded the Goethe Medal in 1968. She formally retired in 1979 and dedicated herself to researching jewellery and engraved gems, becoming a research associate of the Institute of Archaeology and of Oxford's Beazley Archive. In 2004, Seidmann matriculated into Wolfson College, Oxford to study for a Master of Letters (MLitt) research degree. She thereby became the University of Oxford's oldest ever student. She went on to undertake research towards a doctorate in the School of Archaeology. In 2011, due to ill health and at the age of 91, she ended her studies and was awarded a Certificate of Graduate Attainment by the university. Honours. In 1985, Seidmann was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts (FRSA). She was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London (FSA) in 1986. In 1999, a Festschrift was published in her honour: it was titled "Classicism to Neo-classicism: Essays dedicated to Gertrud Seidmann", and was edited by Martin Henig and Dimitris Plantzos. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

gertrud saidman gertrud saidman, (16 septembor 1919-15 february 2013) ejon austrian-britis bhaxabid aaru gohona itihaxbid aasil, ji khudit rotnor bixexogyo aasil. teur prothom keriyar aasil egoraki bhaxatotwobid hisape, battersy county skool, oxford biswobidyaloy, aaru southompton biswobidyaloyot german aaru applied bhaxabigyanor xikhyok hisapeh teuk 1968 sonot go 'the podok prodan koraa hoisil. 1979 sonot teu anusthanikbhabe owoxor grohon korisil aaru gohona aaru khudit rotnor gowexonar baabe nijoke utxorgito korisil, protnototwo protisthan aaru oxfordor bijoli archivor gowexona xohojugi hoi porisil. 2004 sonot saidmane master owo laters (em. el. aai. ti. ti.) gowexona degreer baabe odhyoyon koriboloi oxfordor ulofson collegeot metrik degree laabh kore. iyar folot teu oxford biswobidyaloyor ataitkoi boyujyestho chatri hoi porisil. teu puratatwik bidyaloyot doctorate degreer baabe gowexona koriboloi aagbarhisil. 2011 sonot, oxustho swasthyor baabe aaru 91 bosor boyoxot, teu porha-xuna xex korisil aaru biswobidyaloyor dwara snatok prapto korar promanpotro prodan koraa hoisil. xonman. 1985 sonot saidminok royel cho "saiti owo arts (ef. aar. ess. e.) ror felu hisape nirbasito koraa hoisil. 1986 sonot teuk londonor protnotatwik xomitir (ef. ess. e.) egoraki xodosyo hisape nirbasito koraa hoisil. 1999 sonot teur xonmanot ekhon festsrift prokax paisiloh iyar xirxok aasil "nobyo-classixijomor classisijomoh gertrud saidmanok utxorgito probondho", aaru iyak martin hennig aaru demetrice plantjuche xompadona korisil.

gartrude sidman gartrude sidman, (16 septembara 1919-15 february 2013) ekjon austrian-british bhasabid ebong gohona itihasbid chhilen, jini khodai koraa ratnagulite biseshoggo chhilen. taanr prothom karmajiban chhilo ekjon bhasabid hisabe, battersey county school, oxford vishwavidyalaya ebong southampton bishwobidyaloye german ebong proyogik bhasabigyan padanoh tini 1968 saale goyethe podok laav corren. tini anusthanikbhabe 1979 saale abosar grohon corren ebong gohona ebong khodai koraa ratna niye gobeshonar jonno nijeke utsarga corren, institute off protnototto ebong oxforder bijli archiver gobeshona sahojogi hoye othen. 2004 saale, sidman muster off laters (emm. litt) gobeshona degree orjoner jonno oxforder olphson college matriculate hohn. err foley tini oxford bishwobidyaloyer sorbokaler probintomo chhatri hoye othen. tini protnototto bidyalaye doctorate degree orjoner jonno gobeshona shuru corren. 2011 saale, oshusthotar karone ebong 91 bochor boyse, tini padashona shesh corren ebong vishwavidyalaya kortrik snatok orjoner shangsapatra laav corren. sommanona. 1985 saale, sidman rayyal society off artasa (eff. arr. esha. ayee)-err ekjon fello nirbachito hohn. 1986 saale tini society off anticuries off london (eff. esha. ayee)-err fello nirbachito hohn. 1999 saale, taanr sommane ekti festshrift prokashito hoyechiloh err shironam chhilo "classicabad theke nobbo-classicbad gartrude seidmanke utsargikrito probondho", ebong martin hennig ebong demetries plantjos dwara sampadito hoyechilo.

gertrud saidman gertrud sidman (16 september 1919-15 februari 2013) aek ostriyan-british bhashashastri aneey zaverat itihaaskaar hataa, jeo kotarela ratnomaa nishnaat hataa. temnee pratham karkirdi bhashashastri tareeke hatee, jeey battersea kaauntii school, oxford university aneey southampton universityma german aneey applied bhashashastranu shikshan aaptee hateeh temne temne goaethe medala enayat karvaamaa aavyo hato. teo aupcharik reete reete nivrutt thayaa hataa aneey zaverat aneey kotarani karelaa ratnonaa sanshodhan maate potaane samarpeet curry hatee, jeey puratatva sanstha aneey oxfordnaa beasley archivena sanshodhan sahyogi banyaa hataa. hataa, sidamene master off latters (aema. aela. aaee. tii.) sanshodhan degree maate abhyaas karvaa maate oxfordnee wolfson collegemaa metrikni pariksha aapee. aaa reete teey oxford universityni sauthee juunii vidhyarthi bunny hatee. temane puratatva shaalaama doctorateni padvi maate sanshodhan haath dharyu. 2011 maan, kharaab swaasthyane kaarane aneey 91 varshnee ummare, teneeae potaano abhyaas samaapt karyo aneey university dwara snaatak praaptinu pramanpatra enayat karvaamaa aavyu. sanmaan. sanmaan, sidman royal sosayati off arts (aef. aar. aesa. aee.) naa sabhy tareeke chuntaya hataa. teo teo sosayati off enquities off london (aef. aesa. aee.) naa sabhy tareeke chuntaya hataa. hataa, temnaa sanmaanmaa aek festshrift prakashit karvaamaa aavyu hatuh tenu sheershak hatoo "klasikvadthi niyo-classism nibandho gertred saidmanne samarpeet hataa", aneey tenu sampadan martin hennig aneey demetries plantzose karyoo hatoo.

gertrude sidman gertrude sidman, (16 sitambar 1919-15 farwari 2013) ack austriyai-british bhashavid aur aabhushan itihaaskaar they, joe utkeern ratnon mein visheshagyata rakhate they. unakaa pahala currier ack bhashavid key roop mein thaa, joe battersey county school, oxford vishvavidyalaya aur southampton vishvavidyalaya mein german aur anuprayukt bhashavigyan padhaati theenh unhein 1968 mein goethe padak seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. way aupchaarik roop seey 1979 mein sevaanivritt huin aur unhone khud koo aabhushanon aur utkeern ratnon key shodh key liye samarpit kiya, puraatatva sansthaan aur oxford key beezale abhilekhagar key shodh sahayogi bunn gaeen. 2004 mein, sidman ney master off latters (aim. ell. aaee. tii. tii.) anusandhaan degree key liye adhyayan karane key liye wolfson college, oxford mein matrick kii. iss prakaar vaha oxford vishvavidyalaya kii abb taka kii sabse umradaraaz chhaatra bunn gaeen. unhone puraatatva vidyalaya mein doctorate kii disha mein shodh shuru kiya. 2011 mein, kharaab swaasthya key kaaran aur 91 varsh kii ayu mein, unhone apani padhaai samaapt curr dee aur vishvavidyalaya dwara snaatak praapti kaa pramaan patra pradaan kiya gayaa. sammaan. 1985 mein, sidman koo royal society off arts (aff. aar. aiss. aeye.) kaa sadasya chunaa gayaa. unhein 1986 mein society off antiquaries off landan (aff. aiss. aeye.) kaa sadasya chunaa gayaa thaa. 1999 mein, unake sammaan mein ack festshrift prakaashit kiya gayaa thaah iska sheershak thaa "nava-shastriyata key liye abhijatyavadah gertrud seedman koo samarpit nibandh", aur martin hennig aur demetris plantzos dwara sampaadit kiya gayaa thaa.

gertrude seedman gertrude seedman, (16 september 1919-15 phebravari 2013) obba austrian-british bhaashaashaastragna mattu abharana itihaasakaararaagiddaru, kettida ratnagalli parinati hondiddaru. aakeya modala vrattijeevanavu bhaashaashaastragnaraagi, battersea kaunti shaale, oxford vishvavidyaalaya mattu southampton vishvavidyaalayadalli german mattu anvayika bhaashaashaastravannu bodhisutta ittuh aakege 1968 ralli gothe padakavannu nidalaayitu. avaru oupachaarikavaagi 1979 ralli nivruttaraadaru mattu aabharanagalu mattu kettida ratnagala samshoodhanege tammannu taavu samarpisikondaru, institute off archaeology mattu oxfordn beejhle archive naa samshodhanaa sahavartiyaadaru. sahavartiyaadaru, oxfordn wolfson colleginalli master off letters (millit) samshodhanaa padavigaagi adhyayana maadalu seedman metriculation padedaru. aaa moolaka aake oxford vishvavidyaanilayada atyanta hiriya vidyaarthiyaadaru. aake puratatva shaleyalli doctorate padavi padeyuva nittinalli samshoodhane nadesidaru. anarogyada kaaranadindaagi mattu 91 neey vayassinalli, 2011 ralli, avaru tamma adhyayanavannu konegolisidaru mattu vishvavidyaanilayadinda padavi sadhaneya pramaanapatravannu padedaru. gouravagalu. gouravagalu, seedman avaru raayal society off artsna (efrsa) sadasyaraagi aaykeyaadaru. avaru 1986 ralli society off oncuries off london (efsa) naa phelo aagi aaykeyaadaru. aaykeyaadaru, aakeya gouravaarthavaagi ondu utsavavannu prakatisalaayituhu idu "classikism tuu neo-classism essays dedicate tuu gertrude seedman" emba shirshikeyondige martin hennig mattu demetries plantjos avarinda sampaadisalpattitu.

gertrude sidman gertrude sidman (16 september 1919-15 februwari 2013) heey eka austriyan-british bhashashastradnya aanee dagine itihaskar hote, jeey koralelya ratnanmadhye tadnya hote. battersey county school, auxford vidyapith aanee southampton vidyapithat german aanee upayojit bhashashastra shikavat, bhashashastradnya mhanoon tichi pahili karkird hotih teela 1968 madhye goethe padak denyat aale. tee aupcharikpane 1979 madhye nivrutt jhaali aanee daginya aanee koralelya ratnanchya sanshodhanasathi swatahla samarpit kele, puratatva sanstha aanee oxfordchya beaseley sangrah sanstheche sanshodhan sahyogi bunley. 2004 madhye, sidmanne master auph laters (emm. litt) sanshodhan padvisathi abhyas karnyasathi oxfordchya wolfson mahavidhyalayat matrick purn kelee. tyadvare tee auxford vidyapithachi sarvat vayovruddha vidyarthini bunley. tine pudhe puratatvashastra shalet doctorate midvinyasathi sanshodhan kele. 2011 madhye, prakruti asvasthyamule aanee vayachya 91 vya varshi tine aapale shikshan sampavale aanee vidyapithane teela padvi prapt honyache pramanpatra dile. sanman. 1985 madhye, sidman royal society auph arts (eff. aar. ess. aii.) chey sadasya mhanoon nivadle gele. 1986 madhye tee society auph antiquaries auph london (eff. ess. aii.) chya sadasya mhanoon nivadali gelee. 1999 madhye, tichya sanmanarth eka festshrift prakashit karnyat aalah tyache shirshak 'abhijatvad nava-abhijatvadasathih gertrude sedmanla samarpit nibandh' asey hote aanee tyache sampadan martin hennig aanee demetries plantzos yanni kele hote.

gertrad sidman gertrad sidman, (16 september 1919-15 february 2013) ek astrian-britis bhashavid rar gahana itihaskar thie, utkirna ratnaharuma visheshagyata rakhchhan. unko pahilo currier bhashawidko rupma thiyo, battersey county schol, oxford vishwavidyalaya, rar southampton vishwavidyalayama german rar applied bhashavigyan sikaundaihi unlai 1968 maa goethe medalbata sammanit garieko thiyo. uni aupacharik rupma 1979 maa sewaniwritta bhain rar gahana rar utkirnit ratnaharuko anusandhanma afulai samarpit garin, puratatwa sansthan rar oxfordko bijle abhilekhko anusandhan sahayogi banin. sann 2004 maa sidmanle master aff laters (amlitt) anusandhan degreeka lagi adhyayan garna wolfson college, oxfordma matrick gare. yasari uni oxford vishwavidyalayaki sabaibhanda wriddha vidyarthi banin. unle puratatwa vidyalayama doctorateka lagi anusandhan garin. sann 2011 maa, kharab swasthyaka karan rar 91 warshako umerma, unle afno adhyayan samapta garin rar vishwavidyalayadwara snatak praptiko pramanpatra pradan gariyo. samman. sann 1985 maa, sidman royal society aff arts (frsa) ko felo chunie. uni sann 1986 maa society aff enquieries aff london (fsa) ko felo chunieki thiin. sann 1999 maa unko sammanma euta festscript prakashit bhaeko thiyoh yasako shirshak thiyo "nav-classismka lagi klasikwadah gertrude sidmanlai samarpit nibandhaharu", rar martin hennig rar demetrice plantjosdwara sampadan garieko thiyo.

gertrud sedman gertrud sedman, (16 september 1919-15 februari 2013) jane astrian-british bhasabit ebong alankara itihasakara thile, jie khodita ratnare bisheshagya thile. tankara pratham kyariyara jane bhasabit bhabare thila, battersy county skul, oxford biswabidyalaja ebong southampton biswabidyalajare german ebong prajogika bhashabigyana sikhya deuthileh tanku 1968 ray goethe padaka pradan karajaithila . shay 1979 ray aanusthanika bhabare absar neithile ebong alankara ebong khodita ratna anusandhanare nijaku utsarga karithile, pratnatatwika anusthana ebong oxforder bijali archive rahr eka gabeshana sahajogee hoithile . 2004 masihare, sedman master off laters (millit) gabeshana degree paain adhyajana kariba paain oxforder wolfson kalejare matrick karithile. ehaa dwara shay oxford biswabidyalajara sabutharu bayaska chhatri hoithile. shay pratnatatwika bidyalajare doctorate paain gabeshana karithile. 2011 masihare, asusthata karanaru ebong 91 barsha bajasare, shay nijara adhyajana samapta karithile ebong biswabidyalaja dwara snataka hassel pramanapatra pradan karajaithila. sammana. 1985 masihare, sedman rayal society off arts (aif. aarr. ess. aii.) rahr jane fello bhabe nirbachita hoithile. shay 1986 ray society off ankyukareej off london (aif. ess. aii.) rahr fello bhabare nirbachita hoithile. 1999 masihare, taanka sammanare eka festscroft prakashita hoithilah ehara shirshaka thila "classicism tuu neo-klasisijimh gertrud sedamyanku utsargeekruta prabandha", ebong martin hennig ebong demetries plantajosnka dwara sampadita hoithila .

gertrude seedman gertrude seedman, (16 satambar 1919-15 farvari 2013) ikk austria-british bhasha vigiaani atey gahiniaan daa itihaskar see, joe ukkre hoye ratnan witch muharat rakkhda see. uss daa pahila carrier ikk bhasha vigiaani dey roop witch see, jiss neey battersey kaoonti school, oxford university atey southampton university witch german atey uplied bhasha vigiaan padaiaao uss noon 1968 witch goethe maddle naal sanmanit keeta giaa see. uh rasmi taur utte 1979 witch sevamukt hoow gaee atey aapne aap noon gahiniaan atey ukkre hoye ratnan dee khoj laee samarpit qarr ditta, jiss naal uh puratattav sanstha atey oxford dey beezley puralekh dee khoj sehyogi bann gaee. 2004 witch, sidman neey maastar aaf latters (aimm. litt) khoj dee digri laee adhiaen curran laee wolfson kaalaj, oxford witch metrik keeti. iss tarahan uh oxford university dee sabh toon bazurg vidiaarthi bann gaee. uss neey puratattav school witch doctorate dee khoj laee khoj shuru keeti. saal 2011 witch, kharaab sihat caarn atey 91 saal dee umar witch, uss neey aapni padahi khatam qarr ditti atey university duaara graduate prapati daa certificate ditta giaa. sanman. 1985 witch, seedman noon raail suciety aaf arts (eff. aar. aiss. aii.) daa ikk failo chunhiaa giaa see. uh 1986 witch society aaf anticoveries aaf london (eff. aiss. aii.) dee failo chunhi gaee see. sann 1999 witch, uss dey sanman witch ikk fasheshrift prakashit keeta giaa seeuuu iss daa sirlekh "kalasikivad toon navv-kalasikalvad gertrude seedman noon samarpit lekh" see, atey iss daa sampadan martin hannig atey demetris plantzos duaara keeta giaa see.

gertrud sedman gertrud seedman (16 september 1919-15 februvari 2013) ekaha austrian-british bhaashaavid, aabhooshan-itihaasakaarah cha aasit, yah utkeern-ratneshu visheshadnyah aasit. tasyaah prathamam vruttijeevanam bhashavidaha aasit, battersey-kauntee-vidyaalaye, oxford-vishvavidyaalaye, southampton-vishvavidyaalaye cha german-bhaashaavidnyaanam api cha upayojita-bhaashaavidnyaanam abhyasantee aasith saa 1968 tame varshe gothe-padakam avaapnot. saa aupachaarikaroopena 1979 tame varshe nivruttavatee, aabhushananam utkirnaanaam ratnanam cha shodhane swam samarpitaa, puraatatva-samsthaanasya, oxford-ityasya beezlee-abhilekhanasy cha shodha-sahavartihi abhavat. 2004 tame varshe, sedman, master aaf laters (millit) shodhapadaveem adhyayanartham oxford-nagarasya wolfson-mahaavidyaalaye matrick utteernah. evam saa oxford-vishvavidyaalayasya praacheenatamah chhaatrah abhavat. saa puraatatvashaastre doctorate-padaveem praaptum anusandhaanam krutavatee. 2011 tame varshe, aswasthataayaah karanat, 91 vayasi cha saa adhyayanm samaaptavatee, vishvavidyaalayena snaatak-praapti-pramaanapatram cha dattavatee. sammaanah. 1985 tame varshe, seedman ityeshah rayal-sosaiti-aaf-arts (ef. aar. ess. e.) ityasya sadasyatvena nirwaachitah. saa 1986 tame varshe society aaf enquieries aaf landan (ef. ess. e.) ityasya sadasyaroopen nirvaachitavatee. 1999 tame varshe tasyaah sammanartham ekam festcrift iti prakaashitam, yasya sheershakam "klaasikisam too niyo-klaasisijamh esses deadycade too gertrud sedman" iti aasit, tathaa cha martin hennig tathaa demetries plantjos ityetabhyam sampaaditam.

jertrut seedman kertrut seedman (16 septumber 1919-15 pipravari 2013) oru austrian-british mozhiyiyalaalar mattrum nagai varalaattraasiriyar aavaar, porikkapatta rathinangkalil nibunaththuvam pettravar. avarathu muthal thozhil vaazhkkai oru mozhiyiyalaalaraaka irunththathu, jerman mattrum payanpaattu mozhiyiyalai paetchee kavundi palli, oxford palkalaikkazhagam mattrum savuththaamptan palkalaikkazhagaththil karpittathu avarukku 1968 aam aandil godhe pathakkam vazhangkappattathu. avar 1979 aam aandil muraiyaaga oaivu pettraar, maelum nagai mattrum porikkapatta rathinangkalai aaraaichi seivathil thannai arppanitthaar, tholliyal niruvanam mattrum oxfordin beasley kaappagaththin aaraaichi koottaaliyaaga aanaar. 2004 aam aandil, seedman oxfordil ulla wolfson kallooriyil maastar off letters (millit) aaraaichi pattaththirkaaga matriculation seithaar. idhan moolam avar oxpordu palkalaikkazhagaththin migap palamaiyaana maanavaraaga aanaar. avar tholliyal pallyil munaivar pattam peruvatharkaana aaraaychchiyai maerkondaar. 2011 aam aandil, udalnalakkuraivu mattrum 91 vayathil, avar thanathu padippai mudiththu, palkalaikkazhagaththaal pattathaari saathanai saantrithazh vazhangkappattathu. gowravangal. 1985 aam aandil, seedman raayal society off ards (efrsa) inn uruppinaraaga thernthedukkappattaar. avar 1986 aam aandil lundon (efsa) tholporul sangaththin uruppinaraaga thernthedukkappattaar. 1999 aam aandil, avarathu ninaivaaga oru festchrift veliyidappattathu idhu "nava-classisisaththirku classicism jertrut seedmaenukku arppanikappatta katturaigal" endra thalaippil veliyidappattathu, maelum martin henik mattrum demetries plandsos aakiyoaraal thiruththappattathu.

gertrud seedman gertrud seedman, (16 september 1919-15 fibravari 2013) oka austrian-british bhasha shaastravetta mariyu aabharanaala charitrakaarudu, chekkina ratnaalalo pratyekata kaligi unnaaru. aame modati vrutti jeevitam bhasha saastravettagaa, battersey county school, oxford vishwavidyaalayam mariyu southampton vishwavidhyaalayamlo german mariyu anuvartita bhaashaashaastraanni bodhinchadam aameku 1968loe gothe patakaanni pradaanam chesaaru. aame 1979loe adhikarikamga padavee viramana chesi, aabharanaalu mariyu chekkina ratnaala parisoedhanaku tananu taanu ankitam chesukuni, institute off archaeology mariyu oxford yokka beijley aarkaivlo parisoedhanaa sahacharudiga maarindi. 2004loe, seedman master off letters (emm. litt) research degree kosam adhyayanam cheyadaaniki oxford looni wolfson kalasalalo matriculation puurti chesaadu. tadwara aame oxford vishwavidyaalayam yokka atyanta puraatana vidyaarthigaa maarindi. aame puraavastu paatasaalalo doctorate kosam parisoedhananu chepattaru. anaaroogyam kaaranamgaa, 91 samvatsaraala vayassulo, aame 2011loe thana chaduvunu muginchi, vishwavidyaalayam nundi graduate attenment certificatenu andukunnaru. gowravaalu. 1985loe, seedman raayal society off arts (frsa) loe sabhyudiga ennikayyaaru. aame 1986loe society off anticaries off london (fsa) loe sabhyuraligaa ennikayyaaru. 1999loe, aame gouravaartham oka festchrift prachurinchabadindih dheeniki "classic tuu neo-classism essays dedicate tuu gertrud seedman" anae sheershika pettaru, mariyu dheenini martin hennig mariyu demetries plantjos edit chesaaru.

gairtroad sedman gairtroad sedman (16 satambar 1919-15 faroori 2013) eek austriya-bartanvi maahir lasaniyat aur zewaraat kay morakh thay juu kandah shadah jawahirat mein maharat rakhtay thay. inn kaa pehla carrier maahir lasaniyat kii haisiyat say thaa juu battersi county school oxford university aur saothampatan university mein german aur itlaaqi lasaniyat kii taleem day rahee thein: inhein 1968 mein goytay medal say nawaza gayaa. wah bazabtah toor parr 1979 mein retire hoyein aur zewaraat aur kandah shadah jawahirat kii tehqeeq kay liye khood kuu waqaf kirr diyaa insity teut aaf archaeology aur oxford kay bezli archive kii recerch aisosi aett bunn gayein. 2004 mein sedman nay maaster aaf latters (millet) recerch digri kay liye taleem haasil karnay kay liye wolfson college oxford mein metrik kii taleem haasil kii. iss tarah wah oxford university kii abb takk kii sabb say amar rasidah talibah bunn gayein. inhon nay aasaar qadimah kay school mein doctorate kii taraf tehqeeq sharoo kii. 2011 mein kharaab sehat kii wajah say aur 91 saal kii amar mein inhon nay apnee taleem khatam kirr dee aur university kii taraf say inhein graduate attenment kaa certificate diyaa gayaa. aizazat. 1985 mein sedman kuu raail society aaf arts (aif aar aiss aey) kaa filo muntakhib kiyaa gayaa. wah 1986 mein society aaf ancuries aaf landan (aif aiss aey) kii filo muntakhib hoyein. 1999 mein inn kay aizaz mein eek fest sharaft shaye kiyaa gayaa thaa: iss kaa anwaan "classici azm tuu neo classeczam: mazamin juu gairtroad sedman kay liye waqaf thay" thaa aur iss kii tarmim maartan haing aur demeters plantzos nay kii thee.

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Proclamation 9630

Proclamation 9630 <templatestyles src="Header/styles.css" /> <templatestyles src="Header/main block/styles.css" />← Proclamation 9629 Proclamation 9631 → "Administration of Donald J. Trump, 2017" Proclamation 9630: National Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve Week, 2017 "August 20, 2017" "By the President of the United States of America" "A Proclamation" Throughout our Nation's history, Americans from all walks of life have made tremendous sacrifices in defense of our freedom. Today, more than one million citizen soldiers, sailors, airmen, marines, and coastguardsmen continue this proud legacy as members of the National Guard and Reserve. During National Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve Week, we express our gratitude to the employers and communities who support those brave men and women. Employer support for the National Guard and Reserve is important to our ability to sustain an all-volunteer force. Employers play a vital role in easing the transitions our national guardsmen and reservists must make from civilian life to military service and back again. Whether they are participating in weekend training in support of readiness or deploying in response to a crisis at home and abroad, our national guardsmen and reservists are more effective when they have the support of civilian employers. Our Nation salutes our employers and business leaders who, often at their own expense, back their employees who serve in the National Guard and Reserve. As President, I will continue to focus on providing our men and women in uniform and their families with access to the services, benefits, and care they so deserve. I encourage all Americans to join with our employers in facilitating the service our national guardsmen and reservists provide to our Nation and honoring the sacrifices they make in defense of our security. NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim August 20 through August 26, 2017, as National Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve Week. I call upon all Americans to join me in expressing our heartfelt thanks to the civilian employers who provide critical support to the men and women of the National Guard and Reserve. I also call on State and local officials, private organizations, and all military commanders to observe this week with appropriate ceremonies and activities. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twentieth day of August, in the year of our Lord two thousand seventeen, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and forty-second. <templatestyles src="center/styles.css" /> Donald J. Trump

ghuxona 9630 ghuxona 9629 ghuxona 9631 → "donald je-ror proxaxon. trump, 2017 " ghuxona 9630: rastriyo niyugkortar xomorthonor rokhyi aaru xongrokhito xoptah, 2017 "20 aagosto, 2017" "aamerika juktorastror rastropotir dwara" "" "ek ghuxona" aamar dexor xomogro itihaxot, jiwanor xokolu khyetror aamerikanxokole aamar swadhinotar xurokhyar baabe oporixim tyag korise. aaji, ek nijutoru odhik nagorik xoinik, nabik, bayu xena, nou-xoinik aaru upokul-rokhyi bahiniye rastriyo rokhyi bahini aaru xongrokhito bahinir xodosyo hisape ei gourobujjwol uttoradhikar obyahot rakhise. rokhyi aaru xongrokhito xoptahor rastriyo niyugkortar xomorthonor xomoyot, aami xei xahoxi purux aaru mohilak xomorthon koraa niyugkorta aaru xomprodayxomuhor proti kritogyota prokax koru. rastriyo rokhyi bahini aaru xongrokhito bahinir baabe niyugkortar xomorthon aamar ek xorbo-sessaxewok bahini bojai rokhar xamorthyor baabe guruttopurno. aamar rastriyo rokhyok aaru xongrokhito bahiniye oxamorik jiwanor poraa xamorik xewaloi aaru punor ghuri ohaar baabe koribo logaa poribortonxomuh xohoj korat niyugkortaxokole ek guruttopurno bhumika paalon kore. teuluke prostutir xomorthonot xoptahantor proxikhyonot ongxogrohon korok baa dex-bidexot xongkotor proti xohari hisape niyujit korok, aamar rastriyo rokhyi aaru xonrokhyokarixokol odhik karzokori hoy jetiya teulukor oxamorik niyugkortar xomorthon thaake. aamar rastroi aamar niyugkorta aaru byowoxayik netaxkolok obhibadon jonay, jixokole praye nijor khorsot rastriyo rokhyi bahini aaru xongrokhito oncholot xewa aagborhuwa koraa kormosarixokolok xomorthon kore. rastropoti hisape, moi uniform pindhi thoka aamar purux aaru mohila aaru teulukor poriyalxomuhok teulukor jugyo xewa, xubidha aaru jotno prodan korar uporot gurutwo di jaam. moi xokolu aamerikanok aamar rastriyo rokhyok aaru xongrokhito bahiniye aamar dexok prodan koraa xewar xubidha prodan korar baabe aaru aamar nirapottar protirokhyat teuluke koraa tyagok xonman jonuwar baabe aamar niyugkortaxokolor xoite jugdan korr baabe utxahito koru. etiya, xeyehe, moi, donald je. aamerika juktorastror rastropoti trumpe, xongbidhan aaru aamerika juktorastror aainor dwara mur uporot nirbhor koraa kortritwor bhittit, iyar dwara 20 aagostor poraa 26 aagosto, 2017 loike rokhya aarokhyi aar rastriyo niyugkorta xomorthon hisape ghuxona korok aare. moi xokolu aamerikanok national gaard aaru regervor purux aaru mohilak guruttopurno xomorthon aagborhuwa oxamorik niyugkortaxokolok aamar aantorik dhonyobad prokax korat mur xoite jugdan koriboloi aahban jonaisu. moi rajyik aaru sthaniyo bixoyaxokol, byoktigoto xongothon aaru xokolu xamorik commanderok ei xoptahot upojukto onusthan aaru karzokolapor xoite paalon koriboloi aahban jonaisu. iyar xakhyate, moi iyat aamar probhur bosor du haajar xotor, aaru aamerika juktorastror swadhinotar dux sollix-borxot aagostor ei bingxotomo dintut haat rakhisu. donald je. trump

9630-err ghoshana ghoshana 9629 ghoshana 9631 Â "donald jeey-err proshashon. trump, 2017 " 9630-err ghoshana guard ebong reserve saptaher jatiya niyogkarta samarthan, 2017 "august 20,2017" "markin juktorashtrer rashtrapati dwara" "" "ekti ghoshana" "" amader desher itihas judey, sorbostorer americanra amader swadhinota rakshai asadharan tyag sweekar koreche. aaz, 10 lokkhero beshi nagrik sainya, nabik, bimanbahini, nabik ebong upokulrokkhi bahini jatiya rakkhi bahini ebong sanrakkhito anchaler sadasya hisabe eyi gorbito uttoradhikar abyahoto rekheche. guard ebong reserve saptaher jatiya niyogkarta somorthoner somoy, amra niyogkarta ebong sampradayer proti amader kritoggota prakash corry jaaraa seii sahoshi purush oo mohilader samarthan korey. jatiya rakkhi bahini ebong sanrakkhito elakar jonno niyogkortader samarthan sorbo-swechchasebi bahinike bojay rakhar jonno amader khomotar jonno guruttopurno. amader jatiya rakkhi ebong sanrakkhitader aboshyoi besamoric jeebon theke samrik porishebai ebong abar firey aasaar jonno poribortonguli sahaj korte niyogkartara guruttopurno bhumika palon korey. taaraa prostutir somorthone saptahanter proshikkhone ongsho nichchen baa deshe oo bideshe sangkater protikriyay motayen korchen, amader jatiya rakkhi ebong reservora jokhon besamoric niyogkarider samarthan paan tokhon arow karjokor hohn. amader desh amader niyogkarta ebong byabasayi netader abhibadan jaanaay, jaaraa prayashai taader nijaswa byeye, jatiya rakkhi bahini ebong sanrakkhito elaka karmarata taader kormocharider samarthan korey. rashtrapati hisabe, aami amader uniform porihito purush oo mohilader ebong taader poribarke taader prapyo porisheba, subidha ebong jotno prodaner dike mononibesh korob. aami samasta americander amader jatiya rakkhi ebong reservistora amader jatike jey porisheba pradan korey ebong amader nirapatta rakshai taaraa jey tyag sweekar korey, taake somman janate amader niyogkarider saathe jog ditey utsahito corry. ekhon, taai, aami, donald jeey. markin juktorashtrer rashtrapati trump, sangbidhan ebong markin juktorashtrer aain dwara amar upor arpito kortritter vittite, 20 august theke 26 august, 2017 porjonto guard ebong reserve saptaher jatiya niyogkarta samarthan hisabe ghoshana korun. aami samasta americander ahoban janachchi jey taaraa nagrik niyogkarider proti amader antorik dhonnobad prakash korar jonno amar saathe jog deane jaaraa national guard ebong reserve-err purush oo mohilader samalochanamulak samarthan pradan korey. aami rajyo oo sthaniya adhikarik, besarkari sangostha ebong samasta samrik commanderder eyi saptahe jothajotho anusthan oo kriyakalaper saathe palon korar ahoban janachchi. err sakkhi hisabe, aami auguster eyi bingshotomo diney, amader prabhur dui hazar sotero ebong markin juktorashtrer swadhinotar duisho challish-dwitiya bochore amar haat rekhechi. donald jeey. trump

ghoshana 9630 jaahernaamu 9629 ghoshana 9631 Â "donald jeey. noon vaheevat. trump, 2017 " 9630 nee ghoshanah raashtriy neeyokta rakshak aneey anaamat saptah, 2017 noon samarthan "august 20,2017" "united states off americana pramukh dwara" "" "aek ghoshana" aapana deshnaa samagr itihaasmaa, jeevannaa tamaam kshetrona americnoae aapani swatantrataani raksha maate jabardast balidan aapyu chhe. aaje, dass lakhthi vadhu nagrik sainiko, khalasio, vayusenana sainiko, marine aneey tatrakshak dalnaa sainiko raashtriy rakshak aneey anaamatnaa sabhyo tareeke aaa gauravpurn vaarsaane jaalvi raakhe chhe. gaard aneey reserve veeknaa raashtriy employer support darmiyan, amey teey bahadur purusho aneey streeone teko aapnara employero aneey samudaayo pratye aabhaar vyakt kareeae chhiae. raashtriy rakshak aneey anaamat maate nokaridaataano teko serve-svayamsevak dalne takaavi rakhvani amaari kshamata maate mahatvapurn chhe. aapana raashtriy rakshako aneey anaamat rakhnaraoae nagrik jeevanthi lashkari sevaa taraf aneey fareethi paachha farvaa maate jeey parivartan karavu joiae tene saral banavvama nokaridatao mahatvapurn bhoomika bhajve chhe. bhale teo sajjatana samarthanma saptaahnaa ante taalimma bhaag laee rahyaa hoya athavaa desh aneey videshma katokatinaa javabma tainaat curry rahyaa hoya, aapana raashtriy rakshako aneey anaamat rakhnarao jyaare nagrik nokaridataono teko dharaave chhe tyaare vadhu asarkarak hoya chhe. aapano desh aapana nokaridatao aneey vepaari agraneeone salaam karey chhe, jeo ghanivaar potaana kharche, raashtriy rakshak aneey anaamatmaa sevaa aaptaa temnaa karmcharione teko aape chhe. rashtrapati tareeke, huun ganveshma amara purusho aneey maheelao aneey temnaa parivaarone teo jeey laayak chhe teey sevaao, laabho aneey sambhaal puurii paadvaa parr dhyaan kendrit karvaanu chaalu rakhish. huun tamaam americanone amara raashtriy rakshako aneey anaamatdaaro aapana raashtrane pradaan karey chhe teey sevani suveedha aapvaa aneey aapani surakshana bachavma teo jeey balidan aape chhe tenu sanmaan karvaa maate amara nokaridatao saathe jodava maate protsaahit karoo chhu. havey, tethee, huun, donald jeey. united states off americana rashtrapati trump, bandhaaran aneey united statesnaa kaayada dwara maney aapvama aaveli sattaana aadhare, aathee 20 augustthi 26 august, 2017 sudhee raashtriy neeyokta rakshak aneey anaamat saptaahnaa samarthan tareeke jaaher karey chhe. huun tamaam americanone raashtriy rakshak aneey anaamatnaa purusho aneey streeone nirnayak samarthan pradaan karnara nagrik nokaridataono hradaypurvak aabhaar vyakt karvaamaa maaree saathe jodava maate haakal karoo chhu. huun raajy aneey sthaaneek adheekario, khangi sansthao aneey tamaam lashkari commanderone pann aaa athvaadiye yogya samarambho aneey pravruttio saathe paalan karvaa maate ahwan karoo chhu. sakshi tareeke, meyn aheen augustna aaa visamaa divase, amara swaaminaa varshmaa beey hajaar sattar, aneey united states off americani svatantratana varshmaa beso chaalis-beeja haath mookyo chhe. donald jeey. trump

ghoshana 9630 ghoshana 9629 ghoshana 9631 Â "donald jey. kaa prashaasan. trump, 2017 " ghoshana 9630: rashtriya niyokta samarthan rakshak aur aarakshit saptah, 2017 "20 agast, 2017" "sanyukt raajya america key rashtrapati dwara" "" "ack ghoshana" hamaare desh key poore itihas mein, jeevan key sabhi kshetron key amerikiyon ney hamari swatantrata kii raksha mein jabardast balidan diyaa haye. aaj, duss laakh seey adhik nagrik sanic, navik, vayu senaa, nausainik aur tatarakshak rashtriya rakshak aur aarakshit kshetra key sadasyon key roop mein iss gauravshali viraasat koo jaari rakhe hue hain. gaard aur reserve saptah key rashtriya niyokta samarthan key dauran, humm una niyoktaon aur samudaayon key prati apana aabhar vyakt karate hain joe una bahadur purushon aur mahilaaon kaa samarthan karate hain. rashtriya rakshak aur aarakshit key liye niyokta samarthan ack sarv-swayamsevak bull koo banaae rakhane kii hamari kshamata key liye mahatvapurna haye. niyokta hamaare rashtriya rakshakon aur arakshiton koo nagrik jeevan seey sainya seva mein aur phir seey vaapas aaney vaale parivartanon koo aasaan banaane mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhaate hain. chaahe way taiyari key samarthan mein saptahant prashikshan mein bhaag leey rahey houn yaa desh aur videsh mein sankat key jawab mein tainaat curr rahey houn, hamaare rashtriya rakshak aur aarakshit taba adhik prabhaavi hotey hain jaba unhein nagrik niyoktaon kaa samarthan praapt hotaa haye. hamara rashtra hamaare niyoktaon aur vyaparik netaaon koo salaam kartaa haye joe aksar apane kharch parr, apane karmchaariyon kaa samarthan karate hain joe rashtriya suraksha aur aarakshit kshetra mein seva karate hain. rashtrapati key roop mein, main vardi mein apane purushon aur mahilaaon aur unake parivaaron koo una sevaaon, laabhon aur dekhbhal taka pahunch pradaan karane parr dhyaan kendrit karna jaari rakhunga jinake way hakdar hain. main sabhi amerikiyon koo hamaare rashtriya rakshakon aur aarakshit logon dwara hamaare rashtra koo pradaan kii jaane vaali seva koo suvidhajanak banaane aur hamari suraksha kii raksha mein unake dwara kiye gaye balidaanon kaa sammaan karane key liye hamaare niyoktaon key saath shamil honey key liye protsaahit kartaa huun. abb, isaliye, main, donald jey. sanyukt raajya america key rashtrapati, trump, sanyukt raajya america key samvidhaan aur kaanoonon dwara mujh mein nihit adhikaar key aadhar parr, 20 agast seey 26 agast, 2017 taka gaard aur aarakshit saptah key rashtriya niyokta samarthan key roop mein ghoshit karate hain. main sabhi amerikiyon seey ahwan kartaa huun kii way nagrik niyoktaon koo hamara haardik dhanyavaad vyakt karane mein merey saath shamil houn joe national gaard aur reserve key purushon aur mahilaaon koo mahatvapurna samarthan pradaan karate hain. main raajya aur sthaaniya adhikaariyon, niji sangathanon aur sabhi sainya commanders seey bhee ahwan kartaa huun kii way iss saptah uchit samarohon aur gatividhiyon key saath paalan karein. isake gawah key roop mein, maine agast key iss beesaven dinn, hamaare swami key varsh mein dou hazaar satrah, aur sanyukt raajya america kii swatantrata key dou sou chaalees-dou mein apana haath rakhaa haye. donald jey. trump

9630rahra ghoshane <unk> 9629rahra ghoshane 9631rahra ghoshane  "donald zhe. avara aadalita. 2017ralli, " 9630rahra ghoshaneh rashtriya udyogadataru raksakara bembala mattu meesalu vaara, 2017 "august 20,2017" "united states off americada adhyaksharu" "" "ondu ghoshane" namma raashtrada itihaasaduddakku, ellah vargada americannaru namma swatantryada raksaneyalli apaara tyagagalannu maadiddaare. indu, ondu dashalakshakku hecchu nagarika sainikaru, naavikaru, vayupade, naavikaru mattu karavali kaavalugaararu rashtriya kaavalu padey mattu meesalu padeya sadasyaraagi ee hemmeya parampareyannu munduvarisiddaare. rashtriya udyogadataru raksakara mattu meesalu vaaravannu bembalisuva sandarbhadalli, aaa dhairyashali purusharu mattu mahileyarannu bembalisuva udyogadataru mattu samudaayagalige naavu namma krutagnateyannu vyaktapadisutteve. rashtriya kaavalu mattu meesalugaagi udyogadatara bembalavu sarva-svayamsevaka padeyannu ulisikolluva namma saamarthyakke mukhyavaagide. namma rashtriya kaavalugaararu mattu misaludaararu nagarika jeevanadinda military sevege mattu matte maralabekaada parivartaneyannu saragagolisuvalli udyogadataru pramukha patra vahisuttaare. avaru sannaddhateyannu bembalisalu vaaraantyada tarabetiyalli bhagavahisuttirali athawa desha mattu videshagalallina bikkattige pratikriyeyagi niyojisuttirali, namma rashtriya kaavalugaararu mattu misaludaararu nagarika udyogadatara bembalavannu hondiruvaaga hecchu parinamakaariyaagiruttaare. namma raashtravu namma udyogadataru mattu udyamigalige vandisuttade, avaru samanyavagi tamma swanta kharchinalli, national gaard mattu reservenalli seve sallisuva tamma udyogigalige bembala niiduttaare. adhyaksharaagi, samavastradalliruva namma purusharu mattu mahileyarige mattu avara kutumbagalige avaru arhavaada sevegalu, prayojanagalu mattu aaraikeyannu odagisuvatta naanu gamana harisuvudannu munduvarisuttene. namma rashtriya kaavalugaararu mattu misaludaararu namma rashtrakke odagisuva sevege anukulavaguvante mattu namma bhadrateya raksaneyalli avaru maaduva tyagavannu gouravisalu namma udyogadatarondige seralu naanu ellah americannarannu proothsaahisutteene. eega, aaddarinda, naanu, donald zhe. united statesna adhyaksharaada trump, samvidhaana mattu united statesna kaanunugalinda nanage doreta adhikaarada aadhaarada mele, august 20 rinda august 26,2017 ravarege rashtriya udyogadaata bembalavagi gaard mattu meesalu vaara endu ghooshisuttaare. national gaard mattu reserven purusharu mattu mahileyarige nirnayaka bembalavannu needuva nagarika udyogadatarige namma hrutpurvaka krutagnateyannu vyaktapadisalu nannondige seralu naanu ellah americannarannu karey maaduttene. ee vaara sookta samaarambhagalu mattu chatuvatikegalondige acharisuvante naanu raajya mattu sthaliya adhikaarigalu, khasagi samsthegalu mattu ellah military kamandargalige karey niidutteene. idakke saakshiyaagi, namma wadeyana varshadalli eradu savira hadinelu mattu united states off americada swatantryada innura nalavatteradane august tingala ee ippattane dinadandu naanu nanna kaiyannu ittiddene. donald zhe. trump

9630 enna prakhyapanam <unk>prakhyapanam 9629 9631-aamm theeyathi prakhyapanam  "donald jeey. yude bharanam. 2017ll trump" 9630-aamm prakhyapanam 2017leeii deseeya thozhiludamayude pinthuna, gaard aandu reserve weak "august 20,2017" "american aikyanaadukalude president" "" "oru prakhyapanam" nammude raajyathinte charithrathiludaneelam, jeevithathinte ellah mekhalakalilum ninnulla amerikkakkar nammude swaathanthryam samrakshikkunnathil valia thyagangal cheythittundu. innu, oru dashalakshathiladhikam poura sainikar, naavikar, vyomasenamgangal, naavikar, theerasamrakshana senaamgangal ennivar naashanal gardileyum reservilleyum amgangal enna nilayil eee abhimaanakaramaaya paarambaryam thudarunnu. gaardinteyum reserve veekkinteyum deseeya thozhiludama pinthuna samayat, aaa dheeraraaya purushanmareyum sthreekaleyum pinthunaykkunna thozhiludamakalkkum samoohangalkkum njangal nandi ariyikkunnu. deseeya kaavalkkaranum reservinumulla thozhiludamayude pinthuna oru sannadhapravarthaka senaye nilanirthaanulla nammude kazhivinu pradhaanamaan. nammude deseeya kaavalkkaarum reservistukalum sivilian jeevithathil ninnu sainika sevanathilekkum veendum madangivaravinum aavashyamaaya parivartthanangal laghookarikkunnathil thozhiludamakal nirnaayaka punk vahikkunnu. sannadhathaye pinthunaykkunnathinaayi vaaranthya parisheelanatthil pankedukkukayo swadeshathum videshathumulla oru prathisandhiyodu prathikarikkunnathin vinyasikkukayo cheiyukayaanenkilum, nammude deseeya gards mentum reservistukalum sivilian thozhiludamakalude pinthuna labhikkumbol kooduthal falapradamaanu. palappozhum swantham chelavil naashanal gaardilum reservilum sevanamanushtikkunna jeevanakkaare pinthunaykkunna nammude thozhiludamakaleyum bisinesses nethaakkaleyum nammude raajyam abhivaadyam cheiyunnu. president enna nilayil, unifom dharicha nammude purushanmarkkum sthreekalkkum avarude kudumbangalkkum avar arhikkunna sevanangalum aanukoolyangalum paricharanavum nalkunnathil njaan thudarnnum shradha kendreekarikkum. nammude deseeya kaavalkkaarum reservistukalum nammude raajyathin nalkunna sevanam sugamamakkunnathinum nammude surakshaykkaayi avar cheiyunna thyaagangale maanikkunnathinum njangalude thozhiludamakalumaayi cheraan njaan ellah amerikkakkareyum prothsaahippikkunnu. ippol, athinaal, njaan, donald jeey. american aikyanaadukalude president, bharanaghadanayum american aikyanaadukalude niyamangalum ennil nikshipthamaakkiyiriknu adhikaarathinte adisthaanathil, 2017 august 20 muthal august 26 vare gaardinteyum reserve veekkinteyum deseeya thozhiludama pinthunayaayi american aikyanaadukalude president, trump ithinaal prakhyaapikkunnu. naashanal gardileyum reservilleyum purushanmarkkum sthreekalkkum nirnaayaka pinthuna nalkunna sivilian thozhiludamakku ente hridayangamamaaya nandi prakadippikkunnathil ennodoppam cheraan njaan ellah amerikkakkaarodum abhyarthikkunnu. eee aazhcha uchithamaaya chadangukalodum pravarthanangalodum koodi aacharikkan njaan samsthaana, praadeshika udyogastharodum swakaarya samghadanakalodum ellah sainika commandermarode abhyarthikkunnu. athinte saakshiyayi, nammude karthaavinte varshamaaya randaayirathi pathinezhilum american aikyanaadukalude swaathanthryathinte irunootti naalppathirandilum august maasatthile eee irupathaam divasam njaan kaivechittundu. donald jeey. trump

ghoshana 9630 ghoshana 9629 ghoshana 9631 Â "donald jeey. chey prashasana. trump, 2017 " ghoshana 9630: rashtriy niyoktyacha rakshak aanee rakheev saptah, 2017 chaa pathimba "august 20,2017" "amerikeche rashtradhyaksh" "ghoshana" aaplya deshachya sampoorn itihasat, serve kshetratil american lokanni aaplya swatantryachya sanrakshanasathi prachand tyag kele aahet. aaj daha lakhanhun adhik nagrik sainik, navik, havai karmchari, nausainik aanee tatarakshak heey rashtriy rakshak aanee rakheev vibhagache sadasya mhanoon haah abhimanacha varsa kayam thevat aahet. guard aanee rakheev aathvadyachya rashtriy niyoktyanchya pathimbyadarmyan, aamhi tyaa shoor purush aanee striyanna pathimba denanya niyokte aanee samudayambaddal krutadnyata vyakt karato. rashtriy rakshak aanee rakheev nidhisathi niyoktyacha pathimba serve-svayamsevak dall tikavoon thevanyachya aaplya kshamatesathi mahattvacha aahe. aaplya rashtriy rakshakanni aanee rakheev sainikanni nagri jivanapasun lashkari sevekade aanee punha parat yene aavashyak asalele sankraman sulabh karnyat niyokta mahattvapoorn bhoomika bajavtat. teey sajjtechya samarthanarth aathvadyachya shevati prashikshanat sahbhagi hott asot kinwa deshantargat aanee paradeshat sankatala pratisad mhanoon tainat karat asot, aapale rashtriy rakshak aanee rakheev karmchari jevha tyanna nagri niyoktyancha pathimba asato tevha teey adhik prabhavi asatat. aapala desh aaplya niyoktyanna aanee vyavsayik netyanna salam karato, jeey anekada tyanchya swatachya kharchane, rashtriy rakshak aanee rakheev kshetrat kaam karananya tyanchya karmchanyanna pathimba detat. adhyaksh mhanoon, ganveshatil aaplya purush aanee mahilanna aanee tyanchya kutumbiyanna tyanna milananya seva, laabh aanee kalji milanyavar mea laksh kendrit karat raheen. mea serve american lokanna aaplya rashtriy rakshak aanee rakheev aaplya deshala pradan karat asalelya seves suvidha denyasathi aanee aaplya surakshechya sanrakshanat tyanni kelelya balidanacha sanman karnyasathi aaplya niyoktyansah sameel honyasathi protsahit karato. aata, mhanoon, mea, donald jeey. amerikeche rashtradhyaksh trump, sanvidhan aanee amerikechya kayadyandvare majhyat nihit asalelya adhikaramule, 20 august teey 26 august 2017 paryant, guard aanee rakheev aathvadyache rashtriy niyokta samarthan mhanoon ghoshit qaraa. national guard aanee rakhivchya purush aanee mahilanna gambhir pathimba denanya nagri niyoktyanche manapasoon aabhar mananyasathi mea serve americananna aavahan karato. mea rajya aanee sthanik adhikari, khajgi sanstha aanee serve lashkari kamandaranna dekhil yaa aathvadyat yogya samarambh aanee upkramansah palanyache aavahan karato. jyachya sakshidar mhanoon, mea augustchya yaa visavya divashi, aamchya prabhuchya done hazar satra aanee amerikechya swatantryachya donashe chalis-dusya varshi majha haat thewala aahe. donald jeey. trump

ghoshana 9630 ghoshana 9629 ghoshana 9631 â "donald jey ko prashasana. trump, 2017 " ghoshana 9630: gard rar arakshit haptako rashtriya niyokta samarthan, 2017 "agasta 20,2017" "sanyukta rajya americaka rashtrapatidwara" "" "euta ghoshana" hamro rashtrako itihasbhari, jiwanka sabai kshetraka amerikiharule hamro swatantratako rakshama thulo balidan dieka chhan. az, das lakhbhanda badhi nagarik sainik, nawik, airman, merrin rar tatarakshakharule rashtriya gard rar rijarbhaka sadasyaharuko rupma yo gaurawpurna virasatlai jaari rakheka chhan. gard rar rijarbha haptako rashtriya niyokta samarthanko samayama, hammy tee bahadur purush rar mahilaharulai samarthan garne niyokta rar samudayharuprati hamro kritagyata wyakta gardachaun. rashtriya gard rar rijarbhaka lagi niyoktako samarthan sabai-swayamsewak ballai kayam rakhne hamro kshamatako lagi mahatwapurna chha. rojgardataharule hamra rashtriya gardman rar rijarbhaharule nagarik jiwanbata sainya sewama rar feri farkanuparne sankramanlai sahaj banauna mahatwapurna bhumika khelchhan. chahe tiniharu tayariko samarthanma saptahanta prashikshanma bhag liiraheka chhan wa desh rar videshma sankatko pratikriyama tainath gardai chhan, hamra rashtriya gardman rar rijarbhaharu adhik prabhawkari hunchhan jab uniharusanga nagarik rojgardataharuko samarthan hunchha. hamro rashtrale hamra rojgardata rar wyaparik netaharulai abhiwadan gardacha jasle prayaha afnai kharchama rashtriya gard rar rijarbhama sewa garne afna karmachariharulai samarthan garchhan. rashtrapatiko rupma, mahm hamro wardima raheka purush rar mahilaharu rar uniharuka pariwarlai uniharule yogya sewaharu, labhharu rar herchahma pahunch pradan garnama dhyan kendrit garna jaari rakhnechhu. mahm sabai amerikiharulai hamra rashtriya gardman rar rijarbhaharule hamro rashtralai pradan garne sewa rar hamro surakshako rakshama uniharule gareka balidanlai samman garna hamro rojgardataharusanga samel huna protsahit gardachhu. ab, tyasaile, mahm, donald jey. sanyukta rajya americaka rashtrapati trump, sanyukta rajya americako sanvidhan rar kanundwara mama nihit adhikarko adharma, agasta 20 dekhi august 26,2017 samma gard rar arakshit haptako rashtriya niyokta samarthanko rupma ghoshana garnuhos. rashtriya gard rar rijarbhaka purush rar mahilaharulai mahatwapurna samarthan pradan garne nagarik rojgardataharulai hamro hardik dhanyawad wyakta garna mahm sabai amerikiharulai awhan gardachhu. mahm rajya rar sthaniya adhikariharu, niji sansthaharu, rar sabai sainya commanderharulai pani yass hapta uchit samaroha rar gatiwidhiharusanga palan garna awhan gardachhu. jasko sakshika rupma, maile yahan augustko yo bisaun dina, hamro prabhu dui hazar satraunko warshama, rar sanyukta rajya americako swatantratako dui saya chalis-secondma haat rakheko chhu. donald jey. trump

9630 ghoshana ghoshana 9629 ghoshana 9631 Â "donald jay. nka prashasana. trump, 2017 " ghoshana 9630: gard ebong rijarbha saptaha, 2017 rahr jatiah nijuktidata samarthan "august 20,2017" "america rastrapatinka dwara" "" "eka ghoshana" aama deshar itihasare, samasta berger aamerikeejamane aama swadheenata rakhya paain bipula balidana deichhanti. aaji, 10 lakhyaru adhika nagarika sainika, nabika, bayusena, nabika ebong tatarakhi ehi gaurabamai paramparaku jatiah surakhya bahini ebong sanrakhita anchalara sadasya bhabe jaari rakhichhanti. gard ebong rijarbha saptahara jatiah nijuktidata samarthan samajare, aame sehi sahasi purush ebong mahilamananku samarthan karuthiba nijuktidata ebong sampradai prati krutagyata byakta karu. jatiah surakhya bahini ebong rijarbha paain nijuktidatanka samarthan eka sarba-swechasebee bahineeku bajaiah rakhiba paain ammer khyamata paain gurutwapurna . aama jatiah surakhya karmi ebong rijarbhamane nagarika jeebanaru samarika sebaku ebong punithare feriba aabasyaka karuthiba paribartanaku sahaja karibare nijuktidata eka gurutwapurna bhumika grahan karanti . semane prastutira samarthanare saptahanta prashikhyanare anshagrahana karuthibe kimba desh ebong bideshare eka sankatara pratikrija bhabare nijojita heu, ammer jatiah gardman ebong rijarbhamane adhika prabhabasali huanti jetebele semananku besamarika nijuktidatanka samarthan thaae . aama desh ammer nijuktidata ebong byabasajee netamananku abhibadana janauchhi, jeunmane prajatah niz kharchare, jatiah surakhya ebong rijarbhare karjya karuthiba semananka karmacharinku samarthan karanti. rastrapati bhabe, mun uniform pindhithiba ammer purush oh mahilamananku ebong semananka paribaraku semananka jogya seba, subidha ebong jatna pradan kariba upare dhyana deba jaari rakhibi. mun samasta aamerikeejanku aama jatiah surakhya karmi ebong rijarbhamane aama deshaku pradan karuthiba sebaku sugama kariba ebong ammer surakhya paain semane deithiba balidanaku sammana janaiba paain ammer nijuktidatanka sahita jogadebaku utsahita karuchhi. bartamana, tenu, mun, donald jay. america sanjukta rajyara rastrapati, trump, sambidhana ebong americara ine dwara moe upare nyast khyamata aadhaarare, august 20 ru august 26,2017 parjyanta gard ebong rijarbha saptahara jatiah nijuktidata samarthan bhabare ghoshana karantu. mun samasta aamerikeejanku aahwana karuchhi je semane moe sahita mishi national gard ebong rijarbhra purush ebong mahilamananku gurutwapurna samarthan pradan karuthiba besamarika nijuktidatamananku ammer hrudajaru dhanyabada byakta karantu. mun rajya ebong sthaniah adhikari, gharoi sangathana ebong samasta samarika kamandaranku madhya aahwana karuchhi je ehi saptahare upajukta samaroha ebong karjyakalapa sahita palana karantu. ehara sakhi bhabare, mun august masser ehi binshatama dinare, aama prabhunka barshare dui hazar satero, ebong americara swadheenatara dui shaha chalisha-dwiteejare more haata rakhichhi. donald jay. trump

9630 daa ailaan <unk> 9629 daa ailaan ghoshna pattar 9631 Â "donald jey daa parshasana. trump, 2017 " ghoshna 9630: gaard atey reserve hafta, 2017 daa rashtari maalak samarthan "20 agast, 2017" "sanyukat raaj amrica dey rashtarpati duaara" "ikk ailaan" saade desh dey itihaas dauran, jeevan dey harr khetar dey amrikiaan neey saadi aazadi dee rakkhiaa witch zabardast kurbaniaan dittiaan hunn. ajj, 10 lakkh toon vaddh nagrik sipahi, mallah, havaai saina dey jawan, samundari jahaz atey tatt rakkhiak iss maann vaali virasat noon national gaard atey reserve dey memberan vajon jaari rakkhde hunn. gaard atey reserve hafte dey rashtari maalak samarthan dauran, aseen unhan malkan atey bhaichariaan daa dhanvad karde haan joe unhan bahadar purshan atey aurtan daa samarthan karde hunn. rashtari gaard atey reserve laee maalak dee sahaita ikk sarab-swaisevi bull noon kaaim rakkhan dee saadi yogta laee mahattavpuran haii. saade rashtari gardsman atey reservistan noon nagrik jeevan toon fauji seva atey dubara waps aaunn laee tabdiliaan noon assan banaun witch maalak mahattavpuran bhumika nibhaunde hunn. bhaven uh tiaari dey samarthan witch hafte dey akheer dee sikhlai witch hissa lae rahey honn jaan desh atey videsh witch sankat dey jawab witch tayinati qarr rahey honn, saade rashtari gardman atey reserve udon vadhere prabhavshali hunde hunn jadon unhan noon nagrik malkan daa samarthan milda haii. saada rashter saade malkan atey karobari netavan noon salaam karda haii joe aksar aapne kharche 'teey aapne karamchariaan daa samarthan karde hunn joe national gaard atey reserve witch seva karde hunn. rashtarpati dey roop witch, main varadi witch aapne mardan atey aurtan atey unhan dey parivaran noon sevavan, laabh atey dekhbhal pardan curran 'teey dhiaan kendrat karna jaari rakhanga jiss dey uh hakkdaar hunn. main saare amrikiaan noon utshahit karda haan kii uh saade rashtari gardman atey reservist duaara saade rashter noon pardan keeti jaanh vaali seva noon suvidhajanak banaun atey saadi surakhiaa dee rakkhiaa witch unhan deeaan kurbaniaan daa sanman curran laee saade malkan naal shamal honn. hunn, iss laee, main, donald jey. trump, sanyukat raaj amrica dey rashtarpati, sanvidhan atey sanyukat raaj dey kanoonan duaara merey witch nihit adhikar dey adhaar teey, 20 agast toon 26 agast, 2017 takk gaard atey reserve hafte dey rashtari maalak samarthan vajon ghoshit karde hunn. main saare amrikiaan noon sadda dinda haan kii uh national gaard atey reserve dey purshan atey aurtan noon mahattavpuran sahaita pardan curran vaale nagrik malkan daa dilon dhanvad curran witch merey naal shamal honn. main raaj atey sathanak adhikariaan, niji sangathanan atey saare fauji commanderan noon vee iss hafte uchit samarohan atey gatividhiaan naal manaun daa sadda dinda haan. iss dey gawah vajon, main aapne prabhu dey saal doou hazaar sataran atey sanyukat raaj amrica dee aazadi dey doou saun chaali-doou witch agast dey iss veehven dinn aapna hatth rakkhiaa haii. donald jey. trump

ghoshanaa 9630 ghoshanaa 9629 ghoshanaa 9631 a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a. a "prashasanam donald jey. trump, 2017 " ghoshanaa 9630: rashtriya-niyoktaa-raxakasya tathaa aarakshit-saptahasya samarthanam, 2017 "agasta 20,2017" "samyuktarajyamerika-deshasya rashtrapatihi" "ghoshanaa" asmakam rashtrasya sampoorne itihaase, sarva-jeevan-kshetraanaam amerikiya-janaah asmakam swaatantryasya rakshanarthm mahatee tyaagam krutavantah. adya dashalakshat adhikaah nagarikasainikaha, nausainikaah, vaayupakshikaah, nausainikaah, tatarakshak-sainikaah cha rashtriya-rakshak-arakshakanam sadasyaroopen eshaa gauravapoornam viraasatam avartante. rakshakanam tathaa aarakshit-saptahasya rashtriya-niyoktru-samarthane, vayam tebhyah veer-purusha-strinam samarthanam kurvataam niyoktrubhyah samudayanam cha krute krutadnyataam prakatayaamah. rashtriya-raxakasya, aarakshitasy cha krute niyoktrusamarthanam sarva-svayamsevaka-balasya nirvaahasya asmakam kshamataayaah krute mahattvapoornam asti. asmakam rashtriyarakshakaha, aarakshakaah cha nagarikajivanat sainyasevaayaam punah punah gantum aavashyakam parivartanaani sulabham kartum niyoktaarah mahattvapoornam paatram poshayanti. te sajjataayaah samarthane saptaahaant-prashikshanasy bhaagam agacchanti vaa deshe videsheshu cha sankatakaalasy pratikriyaaroopen niyojayanti vaa, asmakam rashtriya-rakshak-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-sainik-karmachaari asmakam rashtram asmakam niyoktrubhyah, vyaapaaranetrubhyah cha abhivaadyam karoti, ye praayah svavyayena rashtriyarakshayam, aarakshitakshetre cha sevamanan swakarmachaarinah samarthayanti. rashtrapatihi iti rupena, aham samavastradhaarinah purushaani mahilaani cha teshaam parivaran cha teshaam arhatam sevaam, labhan, paricharyaam cha pradadat iti vishaye avadhaanam dadaami. aham sarve american-janaan protsahayati yat, asmakam rashtrasya rakshanarthm, rashtriyarakshakaha, aarakshakaah cha yat sevaam pradaasyanti, tasya krute, teshaam tyagasya sammanartham cha, asmakam niyoktrubhih saha saha yojayatu. idaaneem, ataha, aham, donald jey. amerikaadeshasy rashtrapatihi trump varyaha, samvidhaanena samyuktaraajyasya vidhibhihi cha mama adheenam adhikarasya aadhaaren, 2017 august 20 taha 26 august paryantam, rakshakanam tathaa aarakshit-saptahasya rashtriya-niyoktru-samarthanaroopen iti iti ghoshayati. rashtriyarakshadalasya cha mahilanam cha krute mahattvapoornam samarthanam adadat naagarikaniyojakebhyah mama saha saha antarikam dhanyavaadam prakatayitum sarve american-janaan aahvayaami. aham rajya-sthaniya-adhikarinam, nijee-samsthanam, sarvasainika-senapatinam cha aahvaanam karoti yat te asmin saptaahe samuchita-samaarohaih, kriyaakalaapaih cha aacharantu. asya sakshya, asmakam prabhoho dvivaarshikasya august-masasya vimshatidinaanke, dvivaarshikasya saptadashadinaanke, samyuktarajyamerikadesha swatantrataayaah dvivaarshikasya dvivaarshikasya cha krute, aham hastam sthaapayaami. donald jey. trump

pirakadanam 9630 9629 pirakadanam pirakadanam 9631 Â "donault jay. inn nirvaagam. trump, 2017 " pirakadanam 9630: thaesiya muthalaali aatharavu paathukaappu mattrum recerve vaaram, 2017 "august 20,2017" "america adhibar" "" "oru pirakadanam" namathu naattin varalaaru muzhuvathum, anaitthuth tharappu amerikkarkalum namathu suthanthiraththaip paathukaappathil magaththaana thiyaagangalaich seithullanar. intru, oru milliyanukkum athigamaana kudimakkal, veerargal, vimaanappadai veerargal, kadarpadaiyinar mattrum kadalorak kaavalargal thaesiya paathukaappu mattrum recerve uruppinargalaaga inththa perumaimikka bhaarambariyaththaith thodarkindranar. thaesiya muthalaali aatharavu paathukaappu mattrum recerve vaaraththin poathu, antha thunichalaana aangal mattrum penkalai aatharikkum muthalaalikal mattrum samoogangalukku engkal nandriyaith therivikkiroam. thaesiya paathukaappu mattrum iruppu niruvanangalukkaana muthalaaliyin aatharavu anaitthu thannaarvap padaikalaiyum thakkavaiththukkollum namathu tiranukku mukkiyamaanathu. namathu thaesiya kaavalargalum, paathukaappup paniyaalarkalum kudimakkal vaazhvil irunthu iraanuva sevaikku thirumba vaendum endra maattrangkalai elithaakkuvathil muthalaalikal mukiya pangku vagikkintranar. avarkal thayaarnilaiyai aatharippatharkaaka vaara iruthip payirchiyil pankerkiraargaloa allathu ullnaattilum velinaattilum oru nerukkadikku pathilalikkum vagaiyil paniyamarththappadugiraargal, namathu thaesiya kaavalargalum reservistugalum sivil muthalaaligalin aatharavaip perumpoathu migavum thirampada seyalpadugiraargal. perumpaalum thangal sontha selavil, thaesiya paathukaappu mattrum recerve niruvanaththil paniyaattrum thangal oozhiyargalukku aatharavalikkum namathu muthalaalikal mattrum vanigath thalaivarkalukku namathu naadu vanakkam seluththukirathu. kudiyarasuth thalaivaraaga, seerudai anintha namathu aangalukkum penkalukkum, avarkalathu kudumbangalukkum avarkal thaguthiyaana sevaigal, salugaigal mattrum kavanippai vazhangkuvathil naan thodarnthu kavanam seluththuvaen. namathu thaesiya kaavalargal mattrum paathukaappup paniyaalarkal namathu thaesaththirku vazhangkum sevaiyai elithaakkuvatharkum, namathu paathukaappaip paathukaappathil avarkal seiyum thiyaagangalai qalla oring ravippatharkum engkal muthalaaligaludan saerumaaru anaitthu amerikkarkalaiyum naan ookkuvikkiraen. ippoathu, enavae, naan, donault jay. america aikkiya naadugalin janathipathi trump, arasiyalamaippu mattrum america sattangalaal enakku valangkappatta athikaaraththin adippadaiyil, august 20 muthal august 26,2017 varai, thaesiya muthalaali aatharavaaka kaavalar mattrum recerve vaaramaaga arivikkavum. thaesiya paathukaappu mattrum recerve aangalukkum penkalukkum mukkiyamaana aatharavai vazhangkum sivil muthalaaligalukku engkal manamaarntha nandriyaith therivikka ennudan saerumaaru anaitthu amerikkarkalaiyum naan kaettukkolgiraen. arasu mattrum ulloor athikaarikal, thaniyar amaippugal mattrum anaitthu iraanuvath thalapathikalum inththa vaaram porutthamaana vizhaakkal mattrum nadavadikkaigaludan anusarikka vaendum endrum naan kaettukkolgiraen. idharku saatchiyaaga, august maathaththin inththa irupathaam naalil, namathu aandavarin aandil irandaayiraththu pathinaezhu, mattrum americavin suthanthiraththin irunootrtru naarpatthirandaam naalil naan enn kaiyai vaiththullaen. donault jay. trump

prakatana 9630 prakatana 9629 prakatana 9631 Â "donald zhe yokka paripalana. 2017loe 'trump" prakatana 9630: gaardu mariyu reserve weak, 2017 yokka jaateeya yajamani maddatu "augustu 20,2017" "united states off america adhyakshudu" "" "oka prakatana" mana dhesha charitra antataa, anni vargaala americanlu mana swechhanu kaapaadataaniki adbhutamaina tyaagaalu chesaaru. nedu, padhi laksalaku paiga pourulu, naavikulu, vaimanika sibbandi, naavikulu mariyu theera rakshakulu national gaard mariyu reserve sabhyuluga eee garvinchadagina vaarasatvaanni konasagistunnaru. gaardu mariyu reserve weak yokka jaateeya yajamani maddatu samayamlo, aaa dhairyavanthulaina purushulu mariyu mahilalaku maddatu ichhe yajamaanulu mariyu sanghaalaku memu maa krutagnatalu teliyajestamu. swachchanda sevakulanu nilabette mana saamardhyaaniki national gaard mariyu reserve kosam yajamani maddatu mukhyam. mana jaateeya rakshakulu mariyu reservistlu poura jeevitam nundi sainika sevaku mariyu mallee tirigi ravalsina maarpulanu sulabhataram cheyadamlo yajamaanulu keelaka paatra poeshistaaru. vaaru samsiddhataku maddatugaa vaaraantapu sikshanalo palgontunnara ledhaa swadesamlo mariyu videshaalalo sankshobhaaniki pratispandanagaa moharistunnara, mana jaateeya gardsmen mariyu reservistlu poura yajamaanula maddatu unnappudu marinta prabhaavavantamgaa untaaru. tarachugaa tama sonta kharchutho, national gaard mariyu reservelo panichese tama udyogulaku maddatu ichhe mana yajamaanulu mariyu vyapara nayakulaku mana desham vandanam chestundi. adhyakshudiga, unifamlo unna mana purushulu mariyu mahilalaku mariyu vaari kutumbaalaku arhulaina sevalu, prayojanaalu mariyu samrakshananu andinchadampai neenu drushti pettadam konasaagistaanu. mana jaateeya rakshakulu mariyu reservistlu mana deshaaniki andinche sevanu sulabhataram cheyadamlo mariyu mana bhadratanu kaapaadataaniki vaaru chesina tyaagaalanu gowravinchadamlo maa yajamaanulato cheraalani neenu americanlandarini prothsahistunnaanu. ippudu, kabatti, neenu, donald zhe. united states off america adhyakshudu ayina trump, rajyangam mariyu united states chattaala dwara naaku labhinchina adhikaram kaaranamgaa, augustu 20 nundi augustu 26,2017 varaku, gaardu mariyu reserve weak yokka jaateeya yajamani maddatugaa dheeni dwara prakatinchandi. national gaard mariyu reserve yokka purushulu mariyu mahilalaku klishtamaina maddatu andinche poura yajamaanulaku maa hridayapurvaka krutagnatalu teliyajeyadamlo naatho cheraalani neenu americanlandarini korutunnanu. eee vaaram tagina vedukalu mariyu kaaryakalaapaalato paatinchaalani neenu rashtra mariyu sthaanika adhikarulu, private samsthalu mariyu anni sainika commanderlanu kooda korutunnanu. dheeniki sakshuluga, augustu nela iravaiva rojuna, maa prabhuvu yokka samvatsaramlo rendu vaela padihedu, mariyu united states off america yokka swaatantryam yokka rendu vandala nalabhai rendava naa chetini unchaanu. donald zhe. trump

9630 kaa aalaan aalaan 9629 aalaan 9631 Â "donald jay kii intezamiya. trump 2017 " aalaan 9630: gaard aur reserve weak 2017 kii qomi aajar kii himayat "agast 20,2017" "riyasathaye muthadah kay sadr kii taraf say" "" "eek aalaan" hamaari qoom kii poori tareekh mein zindagi kay tamaam shoabon say taaluq rakhnay waalay americiyon nay hamaari aazadi kay dafaa mein zabardast qurbaniyan dee haine. aaj duss laakh say ziyadah shehri foji milaah fazaiya kay ahalkaar mirian aur coast gaard meen national gaard aur reserve kay arkaan kii haisiyat say iss qaabil fakhar warasat kuu jaari rakhay hoay haine. gaard aur reserve veek kii qomi aajar kii himayat kay doraan humm inn aajron aur baradariyon kaa shakriyah adaa kartay haine juu inn bahadar mardon aur auraton kii himayat kartay haine. national gaard aur reserve kay liye aajar kii madad eek razakarana qoot kuu barqarar rakhnay kii hamaari salahiyat kay liye aham hay. aajron kaa inn tabdiliyon kuu aasaan bananay mein aham kirdaar hay juu hamaray qomi muhafizon aur reservists kuu shehri zindagi say foji khadmat mein aur dobarah waps karnaa chahiye. chahay wah tayari kii himayat mein haftay kay aakhir mein tarbiyat mein hasah lay rahay hoan yaa andron woo berun milk kasee behraan kay jawaab mein tayinaat how hamaray qomi muhafiz aur reservist iss waqat ziyadah mosar hotay haine jabb inhein shehri aajron kii himayat haasil hoti hay. hamaari qoom apnay aajron aur karobari qaideen kuu salaam paish karti hay juu aksar apnay kharch parr apnay inn mulazimin kii himayat kartay haine juu national gaard aur reserve mein khidmaat anjaam deetay haine. sadr kay toor parr mein wardi mein apnay mardon aur auraton aur inn kay khandanon kuu inn khadmaat fawaid aur deekh bhaal takk rasayi farahim karnay parr taujah markoz kartaa rehon gaa jiss kay wah hqdar haine. mein tamaam americiyon kii huslah afzayi kartaa hoan kahh wah hamaray qomi muhafizon aur reservists kii hamaari qoom kuu farahim kardah khidmaat kuu aasaan bananay aur hamaari salamati kay dafaa mein inn kii qurbaniyon kaa ehteram karnay mein apnay aajron kay saath shaamil hoan. abb lehza mein donald jay. trump riyasathaye muthadah america kay sadr aayeen aur riyasathaye muthadah kay qawanin kay zariah majh parr aayed kardah akhtiyar kii bunyaad parr 20 agast say 26 agast 2017 takk gaard aur reserve veek kay qomi aajar kii himayat kay toor parr aalaan kartay haine. mein tamaam americiyon say apeel kartaa hoan kahh wah national gaard aur reserve kay mardon aur auraton kuu aham madad farahim karnay waalay shehri aajron kaa dall say shakriyah adaa karnay mein miray saath shaamil hoan. mein riyasati aur maqami hakaam najee tanzimon aur tamaam foji commandaron say bhee mutalibah kartaa hoan kahh wah iss haftay munasib taqribaat aur sargarmiyon kay saath manayein. iss kii gawahi mein mein nay agast kay iss beswein dunn hamaray rabb kay saal duu hazaar satrah aur riyasathaye muthadah america kii aazadi kay duu sue biyalis mein apnaa haath rakhaa hay. donald jay. trump

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17655900

Foss Westcott

Foss Westcott Dr. Foss Westcott (23 October 1863 – 19 October 1949) was an English bishop. Westcott was the son of a distinguished clergyman, Brooke Foss Westcott (and brother of George, Bishop of Lucknow) and was educated at Cheltenham College and Peterhouse, Cambridge. Ordained in 1887, his first post was as curate of St Peter's Church, Bishopwearmouth. Emigrating to India he was a Missionary with the SPG before ascending to the episcopate as "Bishop of Chota Nagpore" in 1905. Translated to Calcutta in 1919 he served as Metropolitan of India, Burma and Ceylon until 1945. In 1921 he saved 5 orphan girls from a flood-stricken area of West Bengal and brought them to Chota Nagpur which is now known as Namkom, Ranchi where he laid the foundation of the school namely Bishop Westcott Girls' School which is one of the best schools of eastern region. He retired to Darjeeling where he died. He was buried in the grounds of St. Paul's School, Darjeeling, a public school of which he had been the chairman of the Board of Directors for many years. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

pho 'cho westcot daah. pho 'cho westcot (23 octobor 1863-19 octobor 1949) ejon ingraj bixop aasil. westcot ejon bixisto poribexbadi, brook fos westcotor (aaru jorjor bhatri, loknour bixop) putro aasil aaru cheltenheim kolej aaru pieterhouse, kembrijot xikhya laabh korisil. 1887 sonot nijukto huwa teur prothom podd aasil saint pitter girja, bixopweyarmauthor curate hisape. 1905 sonot "suta nagpuror bixop" hisape episk 'petoloi juwar aagote bharotoloi probrojon kori teu ess. pi. ji.-ror xoite ek missionery aasil. 1919 sonot kolikotat onubad koraa hoisil. 1945 sonoloike teu bharotor mohanogori, borma aaru chelon hisape xewa aagborhaisil. 1921 sonot teu poschim bongor banpanit khyotigrosto oncholor poraa 5 goraki onath suwalik uddhar korisil aaru teulukok suta nagpuroloi loi aahisil jaak etiya naamkum, ranchi buli jonaa yaay zo' too teu pubo oncholor onyotomo shrestho bidyaloy bixop westcot suwali bidyaloy naamor bidyaloyor bheti sthapon korisil. teu darjeelingloi owoxor grohon korisil zo 'too teur mrityu hoisil. teuk saintor khelpotharot xomadhistho koraa hoisil. polor bidyaloy, darjeeling, ekhon rajohuwa bidyaloy, jaar teu bohu bosor dhori porisalok porixodor odhyokhyo aasil.

phasa oyestakata daa. phasa oyestakata (23 octobor 1863-19 octobor 1949) chhilen ekjon ingrez bishop. oyestakata chhilen ekjon bishishto padri brook phasa westcotter (ebong georger bhai, lakhnauer bishop) putro ebong cheltenham college ebong pieterhouse, cambridge padashona korechilen. 1887 saale nijukto hoye taanr prothom podti chhilo seenta peaters church, bishopwarmouther curate hisabe. bharte abhibasi hoye tini 1905 saale "chhoto nagpur bishop" hisabe episcopate arohaner agey esha. pii. zii-rawr saathe ekjon dhormoprocharok chhilen. 1919 saale kalkata anubade tini 1945 saal porjonto bharoter metropoliton, borma ebong sealon hisabe dayitto palon korechilen. 1921 saale tini poschimbonger bonna kobolito anchal theke 5 john anath meyeke banchiye chhoto nagpure niye asen jaa ekhon namkom, ranchi naame porichito jekhane tini bishop oyestakata garles school naame bidyalayer vitti sthapon korechilen jaa purbo anchaler onnotomo sera vidyalaya. tini darzilingye abosar grohon corren jekhane tini maaraa zaan. center maathe taanke somahito koraa hoy. poler school, darziling, ekti public school jaar tini bohu bochor dhorey porichalona porshoder chairman chhilen.

phosa westcoat doow. phos westcoat (23 october 1863-19 october 1949) aek angreji bishop hataa. westcoat aek pratishthit paadari, brook phosa westcoat (aneey george, lakhanauna bishop) naa putra hataa aneey cheltenham college aneey pieterhouse, cambridgema shikshit hataa. hataa niyukt, temnu pratham pada saint pieter church, bishopwaremouthna curate tareeke hatoo. bhaarat sthalaantar kareene teo teo "chhota nagpurna bishop" tareeke episcopatema chadhata pahelaa aesa. pii. jee. saathe missionary hataa. hataa kalkattama anuvaadit kareene temane 1945 sudhee bhaaratnaa metropolitana, berma aneey cellon tareeke sevaa aapee hatee. hatee temane pashchim bangaalnaa purgrast vistarmathi 5 anath chhokarione bachaavi hatee aneey temne chhota nagpurma laavya hataa, jeey havey namcom, raanchi tareeke odakhaay chhe, jyaan temane purveey pradeshni shreshth shalaomani aek bishop westcoat gearls schoolno paayo nakhyo hato. teo darjilingma nivrutt thayaa jyaan temnu avsaan thayu. temne sentnaa medaanmaa dafnavvama aavyaa hataa. polnee shaala, darjeeling, aek jaaher shaala chhe, jenaa teo ghanaa varshothi niyaamak mandalnaa adhyaksh hataa.

phos westcott dow. phos westcott (23 octuber 1863-19 octuber 1949) ack angreji bishap they. westcott ack pratishthit paadari, brook phos westcott (aur lakhanau key bishap george key bhaai) key bete they aur unhone cheltenham college aur pieterhouse, cambridge mein shiksha praapt kii thee. 1887 mein niyukt, unakaa pahala pada sent peater church, bishopwearmouth key sanrakshak key roop mein thaa. bhaarat mein pravaas karate hue way 1905 mein "chhota nagpur key bishap" key roop mein episcopate mein chadhane seey pahale aiss. pee. jee. key saath ack missionary they. 1919 mein kalkatta mein anuvaadit unhone 1945 taka bhaarat key mahanagariya, barma aur selon key roop mein kaary kiya. 1921 mein unhone paschim bangal key baadh prabhaavit kshetra seey 5 anath ladkiyon koo bachaaya aur unhein chhota nagpur laaya, jise abb namkom, ranchi key naam seey jaanaa jaataa haye, jahan unhone bishap westcott girls school naamak school kii neenv rakhee, joe purvi kshetra key sarvshreshth schools mein seey ack haye. way darziling mein sevaanivritt hue jahan unaki mrityu hoe gaee. unhein sent key maidan mein dafnaya gayaa thaa. paul kaa school, darziling, ack saarvajanik school haye, jisake way kaee varshon taka nideshak mandal key adhyaksh rahey they.

phose westcott daa. phose westcott (23 october 1863-19 october 1949) obba inglish bishop aagiddaru. westcott obba pratishthita padri, brook phos westcott (mattu laknoda bishop georg avara sahodara) avara maganagiddanu mattu cheltenham kaaleju mattu cambridgen peterhousenalli sikshana padedanu. 1887ralli deekshe padeda avara modala huddeyu saint peters church, bishop ware moutna curate aagittu. bharatakke valase hoda avaru 1905 ralli "chhotaa nagpurada bishop" aagi episcopatege eruva modalu spji jote dharmapracharakaragiddaru. 1919 ralli kalkattaakke bhashantaragonda avaru 1945 ravarege bhaaratada metropolitan, burma mattu selan aagi seve sallisidaru. 1921 ralli avaru paschima bangaalada pravaaha pidita pradeshadinda 5 anatha hudugiyarannu ulisidaru mattu avarannu chhotaa nagpurakke karetandaru, idu eega namcom, ranchi endu kareyalpaduttade, allie avaru purva pradeshada atyuttama shalegalalli ondaada bishop westcott balakiyara shaalege adipaya haakidaru. avaru darzilingge nivruttaraadaru, allie avaru nidhanaraadaru. avarannu saint maidaanadalli samadhi maadalaayitu. paul avara shaaleyaada darziling, avaru aneka varshagalinda nirdesakara mandaliya adhyaksharaagiddaru.

phoos vestt kottu doow. oru engleesh bishappayirunnu phoos westcoat (23 october 1863-19 october 1949). prashastha purohithanaaya brook phoos westcoatinte (laknau bishop jorjinte sahodaran) makanaayirunna westcoat cheltenham collegilum kembridjile peettarhousilum vidyaabhyaasam nedi. 1887ll niyamithanaaya addehathinte aadya tasthika sent peettezhs charchile bishop veyarmouthinte curettaayirunnu. 1905ll "chottaa nagpur bishop" aayi episcopatilekku kayarunnathinumumbu addeham ezz. pii. jiyumaayi oru missionaryaayirunnu. 1919ll kalkkattayilekku vivarthanam cheyyappetta addeham 1945 vare indiayude metropolittan, barma, seyloon ennee sthaanangalil sevanamanushtichu. 1921ll addeham paschima bangaalile vellappokkabadhitha pradeshathu ninnu 5 anatha penkuttikale rakshikkukayum avare ippol raamchiyile namcom ennariyappedunna chottaa naagpoorilekku konduvarikayum avide kizhakkan mekhalayile mikacha skoolukalilonnaaya bishop westcoat gales skoolinu addeham aditharayittu. addeham darjilingilekku viramikkukayum avide vachu marikkukayum cheythu. sent maithaanathaanu addehathe samskarichathu. addeham varshangalolam director board chairmaanaayirunna darjilingile polinte school.

phos westcott dow. phos westcott (23 aktoobar 1863-19 aktoobar 1949) heey eka ingraji bishop hote. westcott haah brook phos westcott (aanee lakhanauche bishop george yancha bhau) yaa pratishthit padricha mulga hota aanee tyache shikshan cheltenham mahavidhyalay aanee pieterhouse, cambridge yethe jhaale. 1887 madhye niyukt jhalele tyanche pahile padd seent pieter church, bishopwaremouth snrakshak mhanoon hote. 1905 madhye 'chhota nagpurche bishop' mhanoon episcopatevar chadhanyapurvi teey ess. pii. jee. saha missionary hote. 1919 madhye kalkatta asey bhashantar jhaale, tyanni 1945 paryant bharatache mahanagar, berma aanee selon mhanoon kaam kele. 1921 madhye tyanni paschim bangalchya purgrast bhagatoon 5 anath mulinna vachavale aanee tyanna chhota nagpur yethe aanale, jyala aata namkom, ranchi mhanoon olakhale jaate, jithe tyanni bishop westcott mulinchya shalecha paya ghatala, jee purvekadil pradeshatil sarvottam shalanpaiki eka aahe. teey darjeelingla nivrutt jhaale, jithe tyanche nidhan jhaale. sentchya maidanavar tyala daphan karnyat aale. darjeeling yetheel paulchi shaala, eka sarvajanik shaala, jiche teey anek varshe sanchalak mandalache adhyaksh hote.

foss westcoat dah. foss westcoat (23 october 1863-19 october 1949) ekjana angreji bishop thie. westcut ek pratishthit padari, brook fasa westcut (rar georgeka bhai, lakhanauka bishop) kaa chhora thie rar cheltenham college rar pieterhouse, cambridgema shikshit thie. sann 1887 maa niyukta, unko pahilo pada cent pieter church, bishapweyarmauthko curetko rupma thiyo. bharat basain sarera uni 1905 maa "chhota nagapurka bishop" ko rupma episcopatema chadhnuaghi ess. pie. zi. kaa sath ek misnery thie. sann 1919 maa kalkatta anuwad garera unle sann 1945 samma bharatko mahanagariya, berma rar selonko rupma sewa gare. sann 1921 maa unle paschim bengalko badhi prabhawit kshetrabata 5 anath ketiharulai bachae rar tiniharulai chhota nagapurma lyae jaslai ahile namkom, raanchi bhanera chininchha jahaan unle purvi kshetrako utkrishta vidyalayaharu madhye ek bishop westcut balika vidyalaya namak vidyalayako jag basale. uni darjeelingbata sewaniwritta bhae jahaan unko mrityu bhayo. unlai centko maidanma gadiyo. palko schol, darjeeling, euta sarvajanik schol jasko uni dherai warshasamma nirdeshak samitiko adhyaksha thie.

phos westcut dodd. phos westcut (23 october 1863-19 october 1949) jane ingreja bishop thile. westcut jane bisista padari, brook foss westcut (ebong jarjnka bhai, laknore bishop) nka pua thile ebong cheltenham college ebong pieterhouses, kembrijare sikhya laabh karithile. 1887 masihare nijukta hoithiba tankara pratham padabeeti thila cent pieter church, bishapawermauthara curet. bharataku desantara curry shay 1905 masihare "chhot nagpur bishop" bhabe episcopatre aarohan kariba purbaru ess. pii. jii. sahita jane missionary thile. 1919 masihare kalikata anubada curry shay 1945 masiha parjyanta bharatara metropolitan, barma ebong sellon bhabe karjya karithile. 1921 masihare shay paschima banga banya prabhabita anchalaru 5 john anath balikaku uddhara karithile ebong semananku chhot nagapuraku aanithile, jaahaa bartamana namkom, ranchi naamare janashuna, jeunthare shay bishop westcut balika bidyalaja namaka bidyalajara muladua pakaithile, jaahaa purba khetrara anyatama shrestha bidyalaja. shay darjilingku absar neithile jeunthare tankara mrutyu hoithila. tanku central graundare kabara diajaithila. palanka bidyalaja, darjeeling, eka sarbajaneena bidyalaja, jahara shay aneka barsha dhari nirdeshaka mandalira adhyakhya thile.

faas westcoat daa. phos westcoat (23 aktubar 1863-19 aktubar 1949) ikk angrezi bishop see. westcot ikk ugghe padri, brook faus westcot (atey jaaraj, lakhnau dey bishop dey bharaa) daa puttar see atey uss neey cheltenham kaalaj atey pieterhouse, cambridge witch sikkhiaa prapat keeti see. 1887 witch niyukat keeta giaa, uss daa pahila ahuda cent pieter church, bishopwearmouth dey kiooret vajon see. bharat parvas karde hoye uh 1905 witch "chhota nagpur dey bishop" vajon episcopate witch chadhan toon pahilan aiss. pee. jee. dey naal ikk missionary sunn. 1919 witch kalkatta witch anuvad keete gaye unhan neey 1945 takk bharat dey mahanagri, barma atey silon vajon seva nibhai. 1921 witch unhan neey pachmi bangal dey hadah prabhavit khetar toon 5 anath ladkiaan noon bachaiaa atey unhan noon chhota nagpur lae aae joe hunn namkom, ranchi vajon janhiaa jaanda haii jitthe unhan neey school bishop westcot gerals school dee neenh rakkhi joe purbi khetar dey sabh toon vadhiaa schoolan vicchon ikk haii. uh sanyas lae keey darjeeling chaley gaye jitthe unhan dee maut hoow gaee. uss noon cent dey maidaan witch dafnaiaa giaa see. paal daa school, darjeeling, ikk public school jiss dey uh kaee saalan toon board aaf directors dey chairman rahey sunn.

phos westcut daa. phos vest kott (23 october 1863-19 october 1949) aangl-bhashayaha bishap aasit. vest kott ityeshah brook-phos-vest kott (tathaa cha lakno-nagarasya bishap jaarj ityasya bhrata) namakasya vishishtasya paadriyah putrah aasit, tathaa cha cheltenhaam-mahaavidyaalaye tathaa kembridge-nagarasya peater-house-madhye shikshitah aasit. 1887 tame varshe niyuktah tasya prathamah padah sent peaters charch, bishap-vermaut ityasya curet iti aasit. bhaaratam aagacchan saha 1905 tame varshe "chhotaa-nagpur-nagarasya bishap" iti namna episcopat-nagaram arohanat poorvam ess. pi. jii. ityanena saha dharmaprachaarakah aasit. 1919 tame varshe kalakatta-bhashantaritaha saha 1945 paryantam bharatasya metropalitan-nagararupena, barmaa-selan-rupena karyam krutavaan. 1921 tame varshe saha pashchim-bangaalasy jalapralay-kshetraat 5 anaath-baalikaah rakshayitvaa, taan chhotaa-nagpur-nagaram prati aanayat, yat adhunaa naamakom, raanchi iti namna prasidhah asti, yatra saha poorva-pradeshasya shreshta-vidyaalayeshu anyatamasy bishap-vest-kaat-balika-vidyaalayasya aadharam sthapitavan. saha daarjiling-nagaram prati nivruttah, yatra saha mrutah. saha sa. key.-ityasya kshetre samaadhisthah. paal-vidyaalayah, daarjiling-nagare, saarwajanik-vidyaalayah asti, yasya saha bahubhyah varshaani yaavat nirdeshaka-mandalasya adhyakshah aasit.

phos westcott doctor. phos westcott (23 october 1863-19 october 1949) oru aangkila aayar aavaar. westcott oru pugazhpettra madhaguruvaana brook phos westcottin (mattrum laknau bishab georgin cakootharar) maganaavaar, maelum seltenham kalluri mattrum beaterhowse, cambridgil kalvi payintraar. 1887 aam aandil niyamikkapatta avarathu muthal padhavi, saint peters devalayaththin pishpivarmavuth aagum. inthiyaavukku kudipeyarntha avar, 1905 aam aandil "sotta nagpur bishab" endra peyaril episcopateukku aeruvatharku munbu oru missionaryaaga irunthaar. 1919 aam aandil kalkattaavukku molipeyarkkappatta avar, 1945 varai inthiyaavin perunagaramaana barma mattrum seeloanaaga paniyaattrinaar. 1921 aam aandil avar maerku vangaalaththin vellatthaal paathikkappatta paguthiyilirunthu 5 anaathai sirumigalaik kaappaatrinaar, maelum avarkalai sotta naakpoorukku alaiththu vanthaar, idhu ippoathu namcom, raanji endru azhaikkappadukirathu, angku avar kilakku piraanthiyaththin sirantha palligalil ontraana bishab westcott penkal pallikku adiththalam amaitthaar. avar thaarjilingirku oaivu pettraar, angku avar iranthaar. avar St maithaanaththil adakkam seiyappattaar. paal palli, dargeling, oru podhup palli, athil avar pala aandugalaaka iyakkunarkal kuzhuvin thalaivaraaga irunthaar.

phose westcott daa. phose westcott (23 october 1863-19 october 1949) oka aangla bishop. westcott oka pramukha mataadhikaari, broke phose westcott (mariyu georg sodarudu, lakno bishop) kumarudu mariyu cheltenham kalaasaala mariyu peterhouse, cambridgelo chaduvukunnadu. 1887loe niyamitulaina ayana modati padavi seyint peters charchi, bishop ware mouth yokka curatega undedi. bharatadesaniki valasa vellina ayana 1905loe "chota nagpur bishop" gaa episcopateku cherukovadaniki mundu spigto missionaryga unnaaru. 1919loe kalakatta anie anuvadinchabadindi. athanu 1945 varaku bharatadesa metropolitan, burma mariyu selanga panicheesaadu. 1921loe athanu paschima bengaalloni varada prabhaavita praantam nundi 5 mandhi anatha baalikalanu rakshinchi, vaarini chota nagpurku teesukuvacchaadu, idhi ippudu namcom, raanchi anie piluvabadutundi, akkada athanu thoorpu praantamlooni uttama paatasaalalo okataina bishop westcott baalikala paatasaalaku punaadi vaesaadu. athanu darzlingku padavee viramana chesaadu, akkada athanu maraninchaadu. aayananu seyint maidaanamlo khananam chesaaru. paal paatasaala, darzling, oka prabhutva paatasaala, dheeniki ayana chaalaa samvatsaraalugaa directorla boardu chairmanga unnaaru.

fous westcot doctor. fous westcoat (23 aktobar 1863-19 aktobar 1949) eek angrez bashp thaa. westcoat eek mamtaz paadri brok fous westcoat (aur jaarj kay bhayee likhno kay bashp) kay betay thay aur inhon nay cheltanham college aur petter hows camberge mein taleem haasil kii thee. 1887 mein muqarar kiyaa gayaa inn kaa pehla ahdah sent patters church bashp viermouth kay curate kay toor parr thaa. hindustan hijrat kartay hoay wah 1905 mein "chhota nagpur kay bashp" kay toor parr epscopate parr chadhnay say pehley aiss pee jee kay saath eek missionary thay. 1919 mein kalkatah mein tarjumah honay parr inhon nay 1945 takk hindustan kay metropolitan barma aur seelon kay toor parr khidmaat anjaam dain. 1921 mein inhon nay maghrabi bangaal kay sailaab zadah elaqay say 5 yateem ladkiyon kuu bachaya aur inhein chhota naag poor laaya jasay abb namukum ranchi kay naam say jaana jaataa hay jehaan inhon nay bashp westcot garlaz school kay naam say school kii bunyaad rakhee juu mashriqi khatay kay behtareen schoolon mein say eek hay. wah retire how kirr darjaling chalay gayey jehaan inn kaa inteqal how gayaa. asay sent kay medaan mein dafan kiyaa gayaa. paal kaa school daarjaling eek publik school jiss kay wah kayee saalon say board aaf directors kay chairmeen rahay thay.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5296312

New Upsala, Wisconsin

New Upsala, Wisconsin Former human settlement in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, USA New Upsala (Swedish: "Nya Uppsala") also referred to as the Pine Lake Settlement, was an early pioneer Swedish-American community in Wisconsin. The short-lived settlement of Swedish immigrants was founded by Gustaf Unonius. It was located in the north central section of Waukesha County, Wisconsin, near the town of Merton, outside Delafield, in the area now incorporated as the villages of Chenequa and Nashotah. Founding. Gustaf Unonius, an immigrant from Sweden, had a dream to establish a Swedish cultural and intellectual center on the frontier. He staked a claim on the east shore of Pine Lake (), naming it New Upsala after the historic Swedish university city of Uppsala. By 1842, he and several associates had begun building the new settlement called Nya Uppsala. By 1848, several families had relocated to the community and a log cabin had been completed to house the Scandinavian parish at Pine Lake. Shortly thereafter Unonius relocated to Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, where he became an Episcopalian priest. Much of the community subsequently disbanded. He had attracted an assortment of nobles, theologians, merchants, teachers and military officers. The choice of land was not a practical location for a settlement. The lake shore was stony and the soil unproductive. The colony failed almost as soon as it was started. The Scandinavian parish at Pine Lake. The Scandinavian parish at Pine Lake was established March 3, 1844, with the dedication of Holy Innocents Cemetery. Its log cabin church was constructed and dedicated in 1848. In 1850 the congregation split, with one group forming St. John's English Lutheran Church of Stone Bank in Oconomowoc, Wisconsin. The other part of the congregation remained at the original log church and cemetery grounds. In 1864 this original church became known as Holy Innocents Episcopal Church, Nashotah. In 1895, the last survivor of the original Scandinavian parish legally transferred the land to Holy Innocents. In 1962, Holy Innocents merged with Grace-Holy Innocents Episcopal Church in Hartland, Wisconsin. In 1975, the name was changed to St. Anskar’s Episcopal Church. Today there remains an active Holy Innocents cemetery on the former church site located on the west side of Highway C, approximately 1½ miles north of Nashotah exit off of Hwy 16. At the request of the United States Ambassador to Sweden, the State Historical Society of Wisconsin commissioned the writing of a history of the New Upsala settlement. Completed by Filip A. Forsbeck and published during 1936, the history placed considerable reliance in Unonius's memoirs. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

niu uposala, wisconsin niu uposala (suidixoh "niya uposala") jaak paain hrod boxoti buliu kuwa hoy, aasil wisconcinor ek prarombhik suidix-aamerikan xomproday. suidix probrojonkarixokolor swolposthayi boxoti gustaf unoniaxe protistha korisil. ee waukesa county, wisconsinor uttor kendriyo ongxot, merton sohoror usorot, delafieldor bahirot owosthito aasil, bortoman senekwa aaru nasutah gaau hisape ontorbhukto huwa oncholtut. protistha koraa. suidenor poraa ohaa probrojonkari gustaf unoniusor ximantot ek suidix xangoskritik aaru boudhik kendro sthapon korar xopun aasil. teu paain hrodor pubo paarot () daabi korisil, oitihaxik suidix biswobidyaloy sohor uposalar naamere iyak notun uposala naam disil. 1842 sonor bhitorot teu aaru keibajonu xohojugiye niya uposala naamor notun boxoti nirman koriboloi aarombho korisil. 1848 sonor bhitorot, keibatau poriyale xomprodayoloi sthanantorito hoisil aaru paain hrodot scandinavian paris rakhiboloi etaa log kebin xompurno koraa hoisil. iyar kichu xomoyor pisote unoniaxe wisconcinor menituuk countiloi sthanantorito hoisil, zo 'too teu episcopalian puruhito hoisil. poroborti xomoyot xomprodayor besibhag ongxo bhongo hoisil. teu xombhranto luk, dhormototwobid, byowoxayi, xikhyok aaru xamorik bixoyaxokolok aakorxito korisil. bhumi basoni koratu boxoti sthaponor baabe byowoharik sthan nasil. hrodor partu pathoriya aasil aaru maati onutpadok aasil. uponibextu aarombho huwar loge loge bifol hoisil. paain hrodot scandinavian paris. paain hrodot scandinavian porix 1844 sonor 3 march tarikhe pobitro nirduxi koborsthanor xomorponor xoite sthapon koraa hoisil. iyar log kebin girja 1848 sonot nirman aaru utxorgito koraa hoisil. 1850 sonot mondoli bibhajon hoisil, etaa dole chi. ee. ti gothon korisil. wisconcinor oh 'koo' noo 'moo' ukot thoka jonor ingraji lutharan girja owo stone benk. mondolir aan ongxotu mool log girja aaru koborsthanor khelpotharot aasil. 1864 sonot ei mool girjatu pobitro nirduxi episcopal girja, nasutah naamere jonajat hoi pore. 1895 sonot mool scandinavian porixoror xexorjon jiyai thoka luke boidhobhabe bhumitu pobitro nirduxixokolok hostantor korisil. 1962 sonot, pobitro nirduxixokol wisconsinor heartlandot grace-powitro nirduxi episcopal girjar xoite ekotrito hoisil. 1975 sonot naamtu saintoloi xoloni koraa hoisil. unscaror episcopal girja. aaji haiwe chi-ror poschim dixot owosthito purbor girja sthanot etaa xokriyo pobitro nirduxi koborsthan aase, nosutar poraa pray 11⁄2 maail uttore eiswai 16-ror poraa ulai. suidenot thoka aamerika juktorastror rastrodutor onurudhot, rajyik oitihaxik xomiti wisconcine notun uposala boxotir itihax likhaar dayitwo disil. phillip e-ror dwara xompurno koraa. forsback aaru 1936 sonot prokaxito, itihaxe unoniusor smoronor uporot jothesto nirbhorxilota rakhisil.

neu uposhala, wisconsin neu uposola (suidish "nia upsala"), jaake pine hrod bosotio bolla hoy, wisconsiner ekti prathomik suidish-american sampradai chhilo. suidish abhibasider swalpasthayi bosoti gustaf unonius dwara protisthito hoyechilo. etty wisconsiner wakesha kauntir uttor-modhyo ongshe, delafielder baire, marton shohorer kachhe, seii anchale abosthito chhilo, jaa ekhon cheneka ebong nashotah grama hisabe antarbhukta. protistha. suiden theke assa abhibasi gustaf unoniuser seemante ekti suidish sangoskritik oo buddhibrittik kendra protisthar swapno chhilo. tini pine hroder purbo teere ekti daabi pesha corren, oitihasik suidish vishwavidyalaya shohor uposalar naame etir namkaran corren notun uposola. 1842 saaler modhye tini ebong taanr besh koyekjon sahojogi nia upsala naame notun bosoti nirman shuru corren. 1848 saaler modhye, besh koyekti poribar eyi sampradaye sthanantorito hoyechilo ebong pine hrode scandinavian pyarisha rakhar jonno ekti kaather kebin toiri koraa hoyechilo. err porpori unonius wisconsiner manitooc kauntite sthanantorito hohn, jekhane tini ekjon episcopalian purohito hohn. porobortikale eyi sampradayer beshirbhag ongsho venge yaay. tini abhijato, dhormotottobid, bonik, shikkhok ebong samrik kormokortader ekti bhandar akrishto korechilen. jommy nirbachan konao bosotir jonno byaboharik sthan chhilo naa. hroder teerti pathorer ebong mutty anutpadak chhilo. uponibeshti shuru howar sange sangei byartho hoy. pine hrode scandinavian pyarisha. pine hrode scandinavian parishti 1844 saaler 3raa march pobitro nirdosh koborsthaner utsarger saathe protisthito hoyechilo. err logg kebin girjati 1848 saale nirmito ebong utsarga koraa hoyechilo. 1850 saale mandaliti bivokto hoye yaay, ekti gosthi seenta gathon korey. johns inglish lutharan church off stone bank, economoke, wisconsin. mandalir onno ongshoti mool logg girja ebong koborsthaner maathe theke yaay. 1864 saale eyi mool girjati pobitro nirdosh episcopal girja, nashota naame porichito hoy. 1895 saale, mool scandinavian pyarisher shesh benche yawa byakti ainoto pobitro nirdoshder kachhe jommy hastantar corren. 1962 saale, pobitro nirdoshra wisconsiner heartlande grace-pobitro nirdosh episcopal girjar saathe mishe yaay. 1975 saale namti poriborton korey seenta koraa hoy. unsker episcopal girja. bortomane shee mahasadaker poschim dike abosthito praktan girjar sthane ekti sakriya pobitro nirdosh kabarasthan royeche, jaa 16 nambar hawai theke nashota prosthaner pray 11⁄2 myle uttore abosthito. suidene markin juktorashtrer rashtroduter anurodhe, wisconsiner rashtriya oitihasik samiti notun uposhala bosotir itihas lekhar nirdesh deyo. file ayee dwara somponno koraa hoyeche. forsbake ebong 1936 saale prokashito, itihas unoniuser smritikathagulir upor jotheshto nirbhar korey.

nyu apsala, wisconsin nyu upsala (swedishah "neeya upsala") jene pine leeka settlement tareeke pann odakhvaamaa aave chhe, teey wisconsinma praarambhik agranee swedish-american samudaay hato. swedish immigrantsnee alpajivi vasaahatni sthaapnaa gustaf unonius dwara karvaamaa aavee hatee. teey vokesha kaauntii, wisconsinna uttar madhya vibhagma, delafieldnee bahaar, merton shahernee najik, teey vistaarmaa stheet hatoo, jeey havey chenekwa aneey nashota gaamo tareeke samavisht chhe. sthaapnaa. sweedennaa immigrant gustaf unoniuse sarhad parr swedish saanskrutik aneey bauddhik kendra sthaapit karvaanu swapna joyu hatoo. temane pine talaav () naa purv keenare daavo karyo hato, aneey tene aitihasik swedish university shaher upsala parthee navoo upsala naam aapyu hatoo. 1842 sudhimaa, temane aneey ketlaak sahyogioae nayaa upsala naamnee navee vasaahat banaavvaanu sharoo karyoo hatoo. 1848 sudhimaa, ghanaa parivaaro samudayma sthaanaantarit thaee gayaa hataa aneey pine talaavmaa scandinavian parganaane raakhvaa maate aek looga cabin purn thaee gaee hatee. tyarbad toonk samayma unonius manitovoc kaauntii, wisconsinma sthalaantarit thayo, jyaan teey episcopalian paadari banyo. tyarbad samudaayno motaabhaagno hisso vikheree nakhvama aavyo hato. temane umraavo, dharamshastrio, vepaareeo, shikshako aneey lashkari adheekarione aakarshya hataa. jameenni pasandagi vasaahat maate vyavhaaru sthal naa hatoo. talaavno keenaro pattharothi gheraayelo hato aneey maatee anutpaadak hatee. vasaahat sharoo thataa jaj lagbhag nishfal gaee. pine talaav khaate scandinavian parganu. pine talaav khaate scandinavian parganani sthaapnaa 3 march, march roj pavitra nirdosh kabrastaannaa samarpan saathe karvaamaa aavee hatee. tenaa looga cabin churchnu nirmaan aneey samarpan samarpan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. hatoo mandal vibhajit thayu hatoo, jemaa aek jooth saint. johnnun angreji lutheran church off stone benk, okonomovok, wisconsinma. mandalno beejo bhaag mool looga church aneey kabrastaannaa medaanmaa rahyo hato. hato aaa mool church pavitra nirdosh episcopal church, nashota tareeke jaanitu banyu. banyu, mool scandinavian parganana chhella bachee gayelaa vyakteeae kaydesar reete pavitra nirdoshone jameen sthaanaantarit curry. curry, pavitra nirdosho hartland, wisconsinma grays-pavitra nirdosh episcopal churchma bhalee gayaa. gayaa tenu naam badaline saint karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. anskarnu episcopal church. aaje haaive seenee pashchim bajuae stheet bhutpurv church site parr aek sakreey pavitra nirdosh kabrastan chhe, jeey aech. doubleu. ee. 16 naa nashota bahaar nikalvaanaa lagbhag 11⁄2 mile uttarmaa chhe. sweedenma united statesnaa rajdutni vinanti parr, wisconsinni raajy aitihasik society navee upsala vasaahatno itihas lakhvaanu kaama sonpyu. aee. aee. phillip dwara purn karoo. forceback aneey 1936 darmiyan prakashit, itihase unoniusna sansmaranomaa nondhpaatra nirbharta mookie.

nyu apsala, wisconsin nyu apsala (sweedishah "nyaa upsala") jise pine jheel basti key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, wisconsin mein ack praarambhik swedish-americi samudaay thaa. swedish apravasiyon kii alpakaalik basti kii sthaapana gustaf unonius dwara kii gaee thee. yeh vaukesha county, wisconsin key uttar madhya khand mein sthit thaa, joe delafield key baahar, merton shahar key paas thaa, abb iss kshetra mein chenekwa aur nashota key gaanvon key roop mein shamil kiya gayaa haye. sthaapana. sweeden key ack apravasi gustaf unonius ney seema parr ack swedish saanskritik aur bauddhik kendra sthaapit karane kaa sapana dekhaa thaa. unhone pine jheel () key purvi tata parr ack daavaa kiya, jiska naam aitihaasik swedish vishvavidyalaya shahar upsala key naam parr nayaa upsala rakhaa gayaa. 1842 taka, unhone aur kaee sahyogiyon ney nayaa basti kaa nirmaan shuru curr diyaa thaa jise nyaa upsala kahaa jaataa thaa. 1848 taka, kaee parivaaron koo samudaay mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur pine jheel mein scandinavian parrish koo rakhane key liye ack logg kebin puuraa curr liya gayaa thaa. isake turant baad unonius koo manitovok county, wisconsin mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa, jahan vaha ack episcopelian pujari bunn gaye. baad mein samudaay kaa adhikansh hissa bhang hoe gayaa. unhone kaee raeeson, dharmshastriyon, vyapariyon, shikshakon aur sainya adhikaariyon koo aakarshit kiya thaa. bhoomi kaa chunaav ack basti key liye ack vyaavhaarik sthaan naheen thaa. jheel kaa tata pathrila thaa aur mitty anutpaadak thee. coloney shuru hotey hii lagbhag whiffle hoe gaee. pine jheel mein scandinavian parrish. pine jheel mein scandinavian parrish kii sthaapana 3 march, 1844 koo pavitra nirdosh kabristan key samarpan key saath kii gaee thee. isake logg kebin church kaa nirmaan aur samarpan 1848 mein kiya gayaa thaa. 1850 mein mandali vibhajit hoe gaee, jisamen ack samooh sent banaa. johnn kaa angreji luthran church off stone baink, okonomovok, wisconsin mein. mandali kaa doosara hissa mool logg church aur kabristan key maidan mein rhaa. 1864 mein yeh mool church pavitra nirdosh episcopal church, nashota key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. 1895 mein, mool scandinavian parrish key antim jeevit vyakti ney kanuni roop seey bhoomi koo pavitra nirdoshon koo sthanantarit curr diyaa. 1962 mein, pavitra nirdoshon kaa hartland, wisconsin mein grace-pavitra nirdosh episcopal church key saath vilay hoe gayaa. 1975 mein, naam badalkar sent curr diyaa gayaa. anskar kaa episcopal church. aaj rajmarg see key paschim kii or sthit poorv church sthal parr ack sakriya pavitra nirdosh kabristan banaa huaa haye, joe nashota seey lagbhag 11⁄2 meal uttar mein aich. doubleu. ee. 16 seey baahar nikalata haye. sweeden mein sanyukt raajya key rajdoot key anurodh parr, wisconsin key raajya aitihaasik samaaj ney nae upshala samjhaute key itihas koo likhane kaa kaam shuru kiya. aeye koo file karke puuraa kiya. forback aur 1936 key dauran prakaashit, itihas ney unonius key sansmaranon mein kaafee nirbharta rakhee.

nyoo upsala, wisconsin paine sarovarada vasaahatu endoo kareyalpaduva nyoo upsala (sweedish "nyaa upsala") wisconsinnallina arambhika sweedish-american samudaayavaagittu. sweedish valasigara alpavadhiya vasaahatannu gustaf unonius sthaapisidaru. idu wisconsin vaukesha kountiya uttara madhya bhagadalli, delafieldna horagina merton pattanada bully, eega chenekwa mattu nashota graamagalaagi samyojisalpatta pradeshadalli nelegondide. sthaapane. sweedannininda valase banda gustaf unonius, gadiyalli sweedish saamskrutika mattu bouddhika kendravannu sthaapisuva kanasu kandiddaru. aata paine sarovarada purva tiradalli tanna hakkannu mandisi, aitihaasika sweedish vishvavidyaalaya nagaravaada upsaalaada hesarannu hosa upsala endu hesarisidanu. 1842rahra hottige, aata mattu halavaaru sahavartigalu nyaa upsala emba hosa vasaahatannu nirmisalu praarambhisiddaru. 1848rahra hottige, halavaaru kutumbagalu samudaayakke sthalaantaragondavu mattu paine sarovaradalli scandinavian parish annu irisalu marada kooneyannu poornagolisalaayitu. idaada kelave dinagalli unonius wisconsin manitovac kountige sthalaantaragondaru, allie avaru episcopalian paadriyaadaru. nantara samudaayada hecchina bhagavu vibhajaneyaayitu. aata srimantaru, devataashaastragnaru, vyaapaarigalu, sikshakaru mattu military adhikaarigalannu aakarshisiddanu. bhumiya aykeyu vasaahatu maadalu prayogika sthalavagiralilla. sarovarada tiravu kallinaddaagittu mattu mannu anutpaadakavaagittu. vasaahatu praarambhavaada takshana viphalavaayitu. paine sarovaradalliruva scandinavian parish. paine sarovarada scandinavian parish annu pavitra amayaka smashaanada samarpaneyondige march 3,1844 randu sthaapisalaayitu. adara logg cabin church annu 1848 ralli nirmisalaayitu mattu samarpisalaayitu. 1850 ralli sabeyu vibhajaneyaayitu, ondu gumpu saint annu roopisitu. wisconsin okonomovaknalliruva johns inglish lutheran church off stone bank. sabeya innondu bhagavu moola marada church mattu smashaanada maidaanadalliye ulidittu. ulidittu ee moola church annu pavitra amayaka episcopal church, nashota endu kareyalaayitu. kareyalaayitu, moola scandinavian paritionalli badukulida koneya vyaktiyu kaanunubaddhavaagi bhoomiyannu pavitra amayakarige vargaayisidanu. vargaayisidanu, pavitra amayakaru wisconsin hartlandnalliruva pavitra amayaka episcopal charchinondige vileenagondaru. vileenagondaru, ee hesarannu saint endu badalaayisalaayitu. anskar episcopal church. indu, heddaari sii yaya paschima bhagadalliruva hindina church saitnalli sakriya pavitra amayaka smashaanavide, idu etch. vii. 16 rahra nirgamanadinda nashotakke uttarakke sumaru 11⁄2 maili dooradallide. sweedannallina samyukta samsthaanada rayabhariya korikeya merege, wisconsin raajya aitihaasika sanghavu hosa upsala vasaahatugala itihaasavannu bareyalu aadeshisitu. phillip aa moolaka poornagolisalaaguttade. poornagolisalaaguttade prakatavaada mattu forsbeckn itihaasavu unoniusna aatmacharitregalannu gananeeyavaagi avalambiside.

nyu upsala, wisconsin nyu upsala (swedishah "niah upsala") jyala pine lake settlement asehi mhanatat, haah wisconsinmadhil eka prarambhik swedish-american samuday hota. swedish sthalantaritanchi alpakalin vasahat gustaf unonius yanni sthapan kelee hotee. too wisconsinchya vaukesha kauntichya uttar madhya vibhagat, merton shaharajaval, delafieldchya baher, aata chenekwa aanee nashota gave mhanoon samavisht kelelya bhagat sthit hota. sthapana. sweedenmadhun sthalantarit jhalelya gustaf unoniusne simevar swedish sanskrutik aanee bauddhik kendra sthapan karnyache swapna pahile hote. tyane pine talavachya purv purv dawa keela aanee aitihasik swedish vidyapith shahar upsalachya navavarun tyala naveen upsala asey naav dile. 1842 paryant, tyane aanee tyachya anek anek nya upsala navachi naveen vasahat bandhanyas suruvat kelee hotee. 1848 paryant, anek kutumbe yaa samudayat sthalantarit jhaali hotee aanee pine talavatil scandinavian parrish thevanyasathi eka lakud kebin purn jhaale hote. tyanantar thodyach velat unonius wisconsinchya manitovok countymadhye sthayik jhaala, jithe too episcopelian pujari banala. nantar samajacha barachsa bhag vikhurla gela. tyane anek kuleen, dharmatadnya, vyapari, shikshak aanee lashkari lashkari aakarshit kele hote. jaminichi nivad heey vasahatisathi vyavharik thikan navhate. talavacha kinara khadkal hota aanee maatee anutpadak hotee. vasahat suru hotach tee jawaljawal ayashasvi jhaali. pine talavatil scandinavian parrish. pavitra nishpapanchya smashanbhumichya samarpanasah 3 march 1844 roji pine talavatil scandinavian parishchi sthapana karnyat aalee. tyache logg kebin church 1848 madhye bandhanyat aale aanee samarpit karnyat aale. 1850 madhye mandaliche vibhajan jhaale, jyat eka gut seent. wisconsinchya economoc yetheel johnche inglish leutheran church auph stone banq. mandalacha dusra bhag mool laak church aanee smashanbhumichya maidanavar rahila. 1864 madhye heey mool church pavitra nirdosh episcopal church, nashota mhanoon olakhale jaau lagale. 1895 madhye, mool scandinavian parishmadhil shevatchya vachalelya vyaktine kayadeshiraritya pavitra nishpapanna jameen hastantarit kelee. 1962 madhye, pavitra nishpap lock hartland, wisconsin yetheel grace-pavitra nishpap episcopal charchmadhye villin jhaale. 1975 madhye, naav badaloon seent karnyat aale. anskarche episcopal church. aaj hayave see chya paschim bajula sthit purvichya charchchya jagevar eka sakriy pavitra nishpap smashanbhoomi aahe, jee etch. doubleu. vaay. 16 chya nashota nirgaman margachya uttares andaje sadeaath mail antaravar aahe. sweedenmadhil amerikechya rajdutachya vinantivarun, wisconsinchya rajya aitihasik sansthene naveen upasala vasahaticha itihas lihinyache kaam suru kele. phillip aaa dware purn kele. forceback aanee 1936 darmyan prakashit jhalelya yaa itihasane unoniuschya aatmacharitranvar lakshaniy bharr deela.

nyu upsala, wisconsin nyu upsala (swidishah "niah upsala"), jaahaaku pine hrada basati madhya kuhajae, wiskanasinare eka prarambhika swidisha-americae sampradai thile. swidish prabaseemananka swalpakaleena basati gustaf junonijasnka dwara sthapita hoithila . ehaa waukesha kauntira uttara kendriah bibhagare, wisconsin, morton sahara nikatare, delafield bahare abasthita thila, ehi anchalare bartamana chenekwa ebong nashota gramm bhabare antarbhukta . pratistha. swidenara jane prabasi gustaf unonius seemaare eka swiden sanskrutika ebong boudhika kendra pratistha karibara swapna dekhithile. shay pine hradara purba koolare eka daabi rakhithile, aitihasika swiden biswabidyalaja sahara upsalanka naamare ehara nutan upsala namakarana karithile. 1842 masiha suddha, shay ebong aneka sahajogee nia upsala namaka nutan basati nirmana arambha karithile. 1848 masiha suddha, aneka paribara ehi sampradajaku sthanantarita hoithile ebong pine hradare skandinevian parish rahiba paain eka logg kebin sampurna hoithila . ehara kichhi samai parey unonius wisconsinera manitok kauntiku sthanantarita hoithile, jeunthare shay jane episcopalian purohita hoithile. parabarti samajare ehi sampradayara adhikansha bhaga bhangi jaithila. shay aneka sambhranta byakti, dharmatwabit, byabasajee, sikhyaka ebong samarika adhikarimananku akrusta karithile. jami chayan eka basati paain eka byabaharika sthana nathila . hrada koola pathara ebong maati anutpadaka thila . upanibeshati arambha heba matre praiah biphal hoithila. pine hradare skandinevian parish . pine hradare skandinevian parish march 3,1844 ray pabitra nirdosha kabarasthanara utsarga sahita sthapita hoithila . ehara logg kebin church 1848 ray nirmita ebong utsargeekruta hoithila. 1850 ray mandali bibhajan hoithila, gotie gosthi St gathan karithila . wisconsinera oconomooc thaare thiba jannka ingraji lutheran church off stone byanka. mandalira anya anshati moola logg church ebong kabarasthana padiaare rahithila. 1864 masihare ehi moola church pabitra nirdosha episcopal church, nashota bhabare janashuna hoithila . 1895 masihare, moola skandinevian parishar shesh jeebita byakti aaingata bhabare pabitra nirdoshamananku jami hastantara karithile. 1962 masihare, pabitra nirdoshamane wisconsinera hartlandre thiba pabitra-pabitra nirdosha episcopal church sahita mishigale. 1975 masihare, naamaku sentaku paribartana karajaithila. anskaranka episcopal church. aaji haiwe sii rahr paschima parsware abasthita purbatana church saitare eka sakriya pabitra nirdosha kabarasthana achhi, nashota prasthanara praiah 11⁄2 mile uttarare. swidenare thiba juktarastra americara rastradootanka anurodha krame, wisconsin rajya aitihasika samaj nutan upsala bastira itihas lekhibaku nirdesh deithila. phillip a dwara sampurna hoichhi. forceback ebong 1936 masihare prakashita, itihas junonijasnka smrutiku yathesta nirbharashila karithila .

nioo upsala, visconsin nioo upsala (swedishaw "niaa upsala") jiss noon pine jheel basti vee kiha jaanda haii, visconsin witch ikk shuruati swedish-amriki bhaichara see. swedish parvasiaan dee chhoti-umar dee basti dee sathapana gustaf unions duaara keeti gaee see. ih vaikesha kaoonti, visconsin dey uttri kendri hisse witch, merton shehar dey nede, delafield dey bahr, uss khetar witch sathit see, jiss noon hunn cheneka atey nashota dey pindan vajon shamal keeta giaa haii. sathapana. sweden toon aae ikk parvasi gustaf uninius neey sarhadd utte ikk swedish sabheyacharak atey baudhik kendra sathapat curran daa supna dekhiaa see. uss neey pine jheel (πονις) dey purbi kandhe utte daava keeta atey iss daa naam itihasak swedish university shehar upsala dey naam utte navaan upsala rakkhiaa. 1842 takk, uss neey atey kaee sahiyogiaan neey niaa upsala namak naveen basti daa nirman shuru qarr ditta see. 1848 takk, kaee parivaar bhaichare witch tabdil hoow gaye sunn atey pine jheel witch scandinavian parish noon rakkhan laee ikk laug cabin poora keeta giaa see. iss toon turant baad unious manitovok kaoonti, visconsin witch tabdil hoow giaa, jitthe uh ikk episcopian padri bann giaa. baad witch bhaichare daa bahuta hissa bhang hoow giaa. uss neey amiran, dharam shastariaan, vapariaan, adhiaapkan atey fauji adhikariaan dee ikk shreni noon aakarshit keeta see. zameen dee chonh ikk basti laee ikk viharak sathaan naheen see. jheel daa kandha pathran vaala see atey mitty anutpadak see. jiven hii ih basti shuru hoee, lagbhag asfal hoow gaee. pine jheel utte scandinavian parish. pine jheel vikhe scandinavian parish dee sathapana 3 march, 1844 noon pavittar nirdosh kabarstan dey samarpan naal keeti gaee see. iss daa laug cabin church 1848 witch banaiaa giaa see atey samarpit keeta giaa see. 1850 witch sangat vandee gaee, ikk samooh neey cent banaiaa. john daa angrezi luthern church aaf stone baink, okonomovok, visconsin witch. sangat daa dooja hissa mool laug church atey kabarstan dey maidanan witch riha. 1864 witch ih mool church pavittar nirdosh episcopal church, nashota vajon janhiaa jaanh lagga. 1895 witch, mool scandinavian parish dey aakhri bache hoye viakati neey kanunni taur 'teey dharti noon pavittar nirdosh lokan noon tabdil qarr ditta. sann 1962 witch, pavittar nirdosh hartland, visconsin witch kripa-pavittar nirdosh episcopal church witch mill gaye. sann 1975 witch iss daa naam badal keey cent qarr ditta giaa see. anskar daa episcopal church. ajj highway see dey pachham vaale paase sathit sabka church site 'teey ikk sargaram pavittar nirdosh kabarstan haii, joe aich. w. ee. 16 dey nikas toon nashota dey lagbhag saadhe 11 meal uttar witch haii. switzerland witch sanyukat raaj dey rajdoot dee benati 'teey, visconsin dee raaj itihasak suciety neey naveen upsala bandobast daa itihaas likhan dee aagiaa ditti. philip aii duaara poora keeta giaa. forsback atey 1936 dey dauran prakashit, itihaas neey unious deeaan yaadan witch kaafi nirbharta rakkhi.

nyoo upsala, visconsin nyoo upsala (sweedish-bhaashaah "nyaa upsala"), yah pain-sarovar-nivaasah iti api prasidhah aasit, visconsin-nagarasya swedish-american-samudaayasy praarambhikah pravartakah aasit. swedish-desha-pravaasinaam alpakaalik-vaasasthanasya sthapana gustaf unonius ityanena abhavat. visconsin-nagarasya vaukeshaa-prantasya uttaramadhyabhage, delafield-nagarasya bahihi, merton-nagarasya sameepe, adhunaa chenekwaa-nashotaa-graamaroopen antarbhooteshu kshetre, ayam sthitah aasit. samsthaapayati. sweeden-deshaat pravaasam krutasya gustaf unonius namakasya simayam swedish-saamskrutika-bauddhika-kendram sthaapayitum swapnam aasit. saha pain-sarovarasya poorvatate () dava krutavaan, aitihaasikasya swedish-vishvavidyaalayasya upsala-nagarasya namna nootanam upsala iti namakaranam krutavaan. 1842 tame varshe saha, aneke sahacharau cha nya-upsala iti nutanasya nivaasasya nirmanam praarabdhavantah. 1848 tame varshe aneke parivaaraah samudaim prati sthaanaantaritaah aasan, tathaa cha pain-sarovarasya scandinavian-paadari-gruhasya krute ekaha kaashta-kakshah poornah abhavat. tadanantaram sheeghramev unonius ityeshah visconsin-nagarasya manitovok-kaunti-nagaram prati sthanantaritaha, yatra saha episcopalian-purohitah abhavat. pashchat samudaayasy adhikaamshah bhaagah vighatitah. saha anekaan kulinan, dharmashaastrajnaan, vyaapaarin, shikshakaam, sainya-adhikaarinah cha akarshitavan. bhoomi-chayanam nivaasasya krute vyaavahaarikam sthaanam naa aasit. sarovarasya tate shilaayuktam, mruttikaa anutpaadakam aasit. upaniveshah prarambhat eva praayah asaphalah abhavat. pain-sarovarasya scandinavian-paaris iti. pain-sarovarasya scandinavian-paadari-mandalam 1844 maarch 3 dinaanke pavitra-nirdosha-shmashaane samarpanena sthaapitam. asya laag-cabin-charch-ityasya nirmanam samarpitam cha 1848 tame varshe abhavat. 1850 tame varshe mandali vibhaktaa, ekaha samoohah ess. tii. ityanena nirmitah. visconsin-nagarasya okonomovok-nagare jaan-ityasya aangl-lutheran-charch-aaf-stone-byaank iti asti. mandaleeh anyah bhaagah mool-laag-charch-madhye, smashaanakshetre cha aasit. 1864 tame varshe etat mool-charch pavitra-nirdosha-episcopal-charch, nashotaa iti namna prasidham abhavat. 1895 tame varshe, mulasya scandinavian-paadri-mandalen antimaa jeevitah, vidhinaa bhoomim pavitra-nirdoshaan prati sthanantarayat. 1962 tame varshe pavitra-nirdoshaah visconsin-nagarasya hartland-nagare pavitra-nirdosha-episcopal-charchen saha vileenaah abhavan. 1975 tame varshe asya naam parivartya sent iti krutam. anskar ityasya episcopal-charch asti. adyatve rajamargasya paschimadishi sthitasya poorva-charch-sthale ekaha sakriyah pavitrah nirdoshah shmashanam asti, yat nashotaa-nagaraat uttardishi praayah 11⁄2 mail doore asti. sweeden-deshe samyuktarajyamerikadesha raajadootasy anurodhena visconsin-rajyasya rajya-aitihaasika-samaajah nutanasya upsala-vasaahatasya itihasasya lekhanam kartum aarabhat. phillip-e dwara samaapyate. forsbake ityasya 1936 tame varshe prakashitasya itihaasah unonius ityasya samsmaraneshu paryaaptam avalambanam akarot.

neu upsala, visconsin bine aeri kudiyaettram endrum kuripidappadum neu upsala (sweedish "niah upsala"), visconsin nagaril ulla oru aarambagaala munnoadiyaana sweedish-america samoogamaagum. sweedish pulampeyarnthoarin kurugiya kaala kudiyaettram gustaff unoniosol niruvappattathu. idhu visconsin, voukesha kavundiyin vada matthiya paguthiyil, merton nagarukku arugil, telafieldukku veliyae, ippoathu senika mattrum nashota kiraamangalaaga inaikappatta paguthiyil amainthullathu. niruvuthal. sweedenil irunthu kudiyaeriya gustaff unonius, ellaiyil oru sweedish kalaachaara mattrum arivusaar myyaththai niruva vaendum endru kanavu kandaar. bine aeriyin kilakkuk karaiyil avar urimai koorinaar, varalaattruch sirappumikka sweedish palkalaikkazhaga nagaramaana upsaalaavin ninaivaaga adharku puthiya upsala endru peyarittaar. 1842 vaakkil, avarum pala koottaaligalum niah upsala endra puthiya kudiyaettraththaik kattath thodangkinar. 1848 vaakkil, pala kudumbangal samoogaththirku idampeyarnthana, maelum bine aeriyil scandinavian barish vaika oru marak arai katti mudikkappattathu. athanpiragu viraivil unonius visconsin, manitovok kavundikku idampeyarnthaar, angku avar oru episcopalian paathiriyaaraaka aanaar. samoogaththin perumbaguthi pinnar kalaikkappattathu. avar palvaeru pirabukkal, iraiyiyalaalargal, vanikarkal, aasiriyargal mattrum iraanuva athikaarigalai eerthaar. nilatthaith thaerntheduppathu oru kudiyaettraththirkaana nadaimuraiyaana idamaaga irukkavillai. aeriyin kadarkarai cull nirainthathaagavum, mann payanattrathaakavum irunththathu. kaalani thodangappatta udanaeyae thoalviyadainthathu. bine aeriyil ulla scandinavian barish. bine aeriyil ulla scandinavian barish maarch 3,1844 andru punitha appavi kallaraiyai arppaniththu niruvappattathu. adhan marakkattai devalayam 1848 aam aandil kattapattu arppanikkappattathu. 1850 aam aandil sabai pirinthathu, oru kuzhu saint amaiththathu. visconsin, onomovokil ulla jaanin aangkila luthern devalayam. sabaiyin mattra pakuthi asal marakkattaikal devalayam mattrum kallarai maithaanaththil irunththathu. 1864 aam aandil inththa asal devalayam punitha appavi episcopal devalayam, nashoda endru ariyappattathu. 1895 aam aandil, asal scandinavian thiruchchabaiyin kadaisi uyir pizhaiththavar sattappoorvamaaga punitha appavi makalukku nilatthai maatrinaar. 1962 aam aandil, punitha appavi makkal visconsin hardlandle ulla punitha appavi episcopal devaalayaththudan inainththanar. 1975 aam aandil, peyar saint endru maattrappattathu. anchkarin episcopal devalayam. intru nedunjaalai chii inn maerkup paguthiyil amainthulla munnaal devalaya thalaththil oru seyalil ulla punitha appavi kallarai ullathu, idhu nashota veliyaerum idaththirku vadakkae sumar 11⁄2 mile tholaivil ullathu. sweedanukkaana amerikkath thootharin vaendukoalin paeril, visconsin maanila varalaattruch sangam puthiya upsala kudiyaettraththin varalaattrai ezhutha uttaravittathu. philip a moolam mudikkappattathu. forsbeck mattrum 1936 aam aandil veliyidappatta, varalaaru unoniusine ninaivuk kurippugalai kanisamaaga nambiyullathu.

nyuu upsala, wisconsin paine sarassu sthaavaram anie kooda piluvabade nyuu upsala (sweedish "nyaa upsala") wisconsinloni prarambha maargadarsaka swedish-american samajam. swedish valasadaarula swalpakaalika sthaavaraanni gustaff unonius sthaapinchaaru. idhi wisconsinloni vaukesha county uttara madhya vibhaagamlo, delafield velupala merton pattanaaniki sameepamlo undhi, ippudu chenekwa mariyu nashota gramaluga vileenam cheyabadina praantamloo undhi. sthaapinchaaru. sweeden nundi valasa vacchina gustaf unonius, sarihaddulo swedish saamskrutika mariyu medho kendraanni sthaapinchaalani kalalu kannaru. athanu paine sarassu yokka thoorpu odduna daavaa vaesaadu, dheeniki chaaritraatmaka swedish vishwavidyaalaya nagaramaina upsala paeru meeda kotta upsala anie paeru pettadu. 1842 natiki, athanu mariyu aneka mandhi sahacharulu nyaa upsala anae kotta sthaavaraanni nirminchadam praarambhinchaaru. 1848 natiki, aneka kutumbaalu eee samaajaaniki marai mariyu paine sarassu vadda scandinavian paarishnu unchadaaniki oka logg cabin puurtayimdi. aaa taruvaata koddikaalaanike unonius wisconsinloni manitovok kounteeki makaam marchadu, akkada athanu episcopalian poojaari ayyadu. aaa taruvaata samaajamlo chaalaa bhaagam vidipoyindi. athanu prabhuvulu, vedantavettalu, vyaapaarulu, upaadhyaayulu mariyu sainika adhikaarulanu aakarshinchadu. bhoomi empika anedi sthiranivaasaaniki aacharanaatmaka pradaesam kaadu. sarassu teeram raallatho nindi undhi mariyu matti anutpaadakamgaa undhi. kaalanee praarambhamaina ventane dadapuga viphalamaindi. paine sarassu vadda scandinavian parish. pavitra amayakula smasaanavaatikaku ankitam chestu paine sarassu vadda scandinavian parish marchi 3,1844naa sthaapinchabadindi. daani logg cabin charchini 1848loe nirminchi ankitam chesaaru. 1850loe samajam vidipoyindi, oka samuuham St. wisconsinloni okonomovak looni zaan yokka inglish lutheran charchi off stone byaank. sanghamlooni itara bhaagam asalu logg charchi mariyu smasaanavaatika maidaanamlo undipoyindi. 1864loe eee asalu charchi pavitra amayakula episcopal charchi, nashota gaa prasiddhi chendindi. 1895loe, asalu scandinavian parish yokka chivari praanaalatoe bayatapadina vyakti chattabaddhamgaa bhoomini pavitra amayakulaku badilee chesaadu. 1962loe, pavitra amayakulu wisconsinloni hartlandloni pavitra amayakula episcopal charchilo vileenam ayyaru. 1975loe, paeru seyint gaa maarchabadindi. anskar episcopal charchi. nedu haive sii kii paschimaana unna maajee charchi pradaesamloe churukaina pavitra amayakula smasaanavaatika migili undhi, idhi nashota nishkramanaku uttaraana sumaru 11⁄2 mailla dhooramlo undhi. sweedanlooni united states rayabari abhyardhana meraku, wisconsin rashtra chaaritraka sangham kotta upsala settlement charitranu vraayadaaniki aadesinchindi. phillip a dwara puurti cheyandi. 1936loe prachurinchabadina eee charitra unonius ghnaapakaalapai gananeeyamaina aadhaarapadindi.

neo apsala waskonsan neo apsala (sweadish: "neeya apsala") jasay paain leek settlement bhee kahaa jaataa hay waskonsan mein eek ibtadayi sweadish-americi baradari thee. sweadish tarkeen watan kii qaleel madti bastee kii bunyaad gustaff unoneos nay rakhee thee. yaha waskonsan kii wokesha county kay shamali wastee hasay mein merton qasbey kay qareeb dela feld kay baahar iss elaqay mein waaqa thaa juu abb chinka aur nashutah kay dehaton kay toor parr shaamil hay. bunyaad. sweaden say aaney waalay eek tarkeen watan gustaff unoneos nay sarhad parr sweadish saqafati aur danishwarana markaz qayem karnay kaa khwaab dekha thaa. iss nay paain jheel () kay mashriqi kinaray parr daawi kiyaa aur iss kaa naam tarikhi sweadish university shehar apsala kay naam parr neeya apsala rakhaa. 1842 takk iss nay aur kayee saathiyon nay neeya apsala naami nayee bastee kii tameer sharoo kirr dee thee. 1848 takk kayee khandanon kuu community mein muntaqil kirr diyaa gayaa thaa aur paain jheel parr scandinivia kay peerish kuu rakhnay kay liye eek laag keeban makmal kirr liyaa gayaa thaa. iss kay foraa baad unoneos minetovic county waskonsan muntaqil how gayaa jehaan wah eek epscoplane paadri bunn gayaa. baad mein community kaa beshtar hasah tehlil how gayaa. iss nay kayee qasm kay amraa aalim deen tajiron asatazah aur foji afsaran kuu apnee taraf matujah kiyaa thaa. zameen kaa intekhaab bastee kay liye emli maqaam nahein thaa. jheel kaa saahil pathreela thaa aur mutty ghair paidawari thee. kaloni sharoo hotay hyee taqriba nakaam how gayee. paain jheel parr scandinivia kaa peerish. paain jheel parr scandinivia kaa peerish 3 maarch 1844 kuu muqadas masoomon kay qabristan kii lagan kay saath qayem kiyaa gayaa thaa. iss kaa laag keeban charch 1848 mein tameer aur waqaf kiyaa gayaa thaa. 1850 mein jamaat mein taqsim how gayee jiss mein eek grop sent bunn gayaa. jaan kaa angrezi lothran charch aaf stone benak awanomok waskonsan mein. jamaat kaa dosra hasah asl laag charch aur qabristan kay medanon mein rehaa. 1864 mein yaha asl charch muqadas masoom epscopal church nashuta kay naam say jaana jaanay lagaa. 1895 mein asl scandinivia kay peerish kay aakhri zindah bach jaanay waalay nay qanuni toor parr zameen kuu muqadas masoomon kuu muntaqil kirr diyaa. 1962 mein muqadas masoomon kuu haart lend waskonsan mein muqadas masoomon kay epscopal charch mein zam kirr diyaa gayaa. 1975 mein naam badal kirr sent kirr diyaa gayaa. inskar kaa epscopal charch. aaj hayee way see kay maghrab kii taraf waaqa saabiq charch saait parr eek faal muqadas masoomon kaa qabristan baaqi hay juu aich dabliyo waayi 16 kay nashutah kay akhraaj say taqriba 11⁄2 meel shamaal mein hay. sweaden mein riyasathaye muthadah kay safeer kii darkhwast parr waskonsan kii riyasati tarikhi society nay nayee apsala bastee kii tareekh likhnay kaa hakam diyaa. flip aey kay zariye makmal kiyaa. farzback aur 1936 kay doraan shaye honay waali tareekh nay unoneos kii yaadon parr kaafi inhasaar kiyaa.

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Edper Investments

Edper Investments Edper Investments Ltd. was the primary holding company and investment vehicle for brothers Edward Bronfman and Peter Bronfman between 1959 and 1995. At its peak in the 1980s, and early 1990s, Edper was one of the largest corporate conglomerates in Canada, controlling more than 500 private and publicly traded companies in a complex structure that was estimated to be worth $100 billion, employed more than 100,000 Canadians, and comprised 15% of the total capitalization of the Toronto Stock Exchange. Edper, whose name is an amalgam of the names of the two Toronto-based brothers, was initially financed with proceeds from their interests in the Seagram Company Ltd. The main investments of their cousins in the Montreal-based branch were managed through their own holding company, Cemp Investments. History. Edper was established in 1959 with approximately US$15 million in proceeds from the half of their shares in Seagrams they were forced to sell by the Montreal branch of the family, who retained control. Over the following four decades, Edper grew from a family holding of shares in a single company to a vast conglomerate with a reputation for corporate takeovers in some of Canada's largest companies. Below is an outline timeline: Structure. The ownership of Edper Investments Ltd. was held by the personal trusts of brothers Edward and Peter. Its structure changed after 1989, but for most of its existence it was owned by the private trusts of each brother. The Edper corporate empire was noted for its intricate web of ownership and control that extended from the top tier. Its organizational structure was described as "very, very complex" and "dizzying" Through careful use of labyrinthine accounting and complex strategies and corporate structures, Edper capitalized on Canada's relatively lax securities laws, tax laws, and disclosure requirements that resulted in its rapid growth into a highly complex, pyramidal empire of interwoven companies and cross-ownership. Edper controlled but did not own many companies. Privately held Edper could own a controlling stake in one public company that would hold a controlling stake in another public one that would hold a controlling stake in yet another, without having to use much of its own money. Other strategies used were cross-ownership and partial ownership of a parent company by its subsidiary and the liberal use of restricted or non-voting shares for public investors and super-voting shares for insiders. These enabled the Edper empire to raise billions of dollars without having to use much of its own money. During the Eighties boom, Bronfman-connected companies issued more securities than anyone else in Canada and raised more than $30-billion in equity. In addition to the two brothers, who were heavily involved in the management of Edper and many of its subsidiaries, there were two other men who played key roles in the Edper group's rapid expansion and management: accountant Jack Cockwell hired by the Bronfmans in the 1960s who later headed Hees International/Bancorp, Edper Equities, and Edper Investments; and Trevor Eyton, a corporate lawyer who headed Brascan Ltd. following Edper's acquisition. Debt and collapse. After its peak in 1989, several factors combined to cause a near-collapse of Edper's empire in the early 1990s: a major economic recession, the Olympia and York collapse, a meltdown in commercial real estate that affected both revenue and valuation of key assets, increased scrutiny of leveraged financing and complex ownership structures. For revenue, the Edper corporate structure relied heavily on dividend payouts from subsidiaries to their parent companies to cover debt obligations. It was estimated their pay-out ratio was half again as large as the average of the top 35 companies on the Toronto Stock Exchange. Some Bronfman companies paid out more in dividends than they registered in earnings. To cover their cascading losses in 1991-93, the Edper companies raised more than $9-billion through share issues, asset sales and debt financing in just 20 months. By early 1993, Edper began selling assets, notably $1.96 billion worth in February alone. Edper's market capitalization decreased 90% between 1989 and 1993. Transition. In order to provide Edward with a way to extract himself from the companies while allowing Peter to remain in control, Edper Enterprises was created as the new main holding company for the group and in 1989 issued shares to the public. Majority ownership was retained by Edper Holdings, which by then was owned 50.1% by Edper Investments (Peter) and 49.9% by Pagurian Corporation, which was in turn was controlled by a group led by Jack Cockwell. By careful use of structured partnerships with Peter Bronfman and control of cash flow, Jack Cockwell in effect took over Edper. Major holdings. Edper had direct and indirect ownership interests in numerous companies. Below is a list of the largest and most significant to its corporate empire. Carena Bancorp. In 1971, the Canadian Arena Company (Carena) was purchased for $15 million from the Molson family by Placements Rondelle Ltée, ("Puck Investments Ltd." in English), a consortium of owners led by the Bronfman brothers. Carena was the owner of the National Hockey League Montreal Canadiens, the manager of the Montreal Forum, with assets that included the Bell Centre and Gillett Entertainment Group. In 1978, the Canadiens team was sold to Molson Breweries for $20 million. Under Bronfman ownership Carena expanded its property development holdings, including Trizec Corporation. In 1978, Carena Bancorp Holdings Inc. was formed, it later became Carena Developments Ltd., and in 1996 Brookfield Properties. After acquiring Trizec, Carena expanded its real estate holdings aggressively. In 1989, Carena acquired one-third of Olympia & York's World Financial Property, L.P., owner of New York City's World Financial Center adjacent to the World Trade Center but was struggling under heavy debt and collapsing office market. With Edper's financial backing, Carena expanded during the recession of the early 1990s. O&Y collapsed in 1992, and four years later the slimmed-down company emerged from bankruptcy with Carena (as Brookfield Properties Corporation) owning a 47% stake. Trizec. In 1970, the Bronfman brothers were brought onto the board of Toronto-based Trizec Corporation Ltd., one of Canada's largest property developers, and given a 9% equity stake. Trizec had been formed to build Montreal's iconic Place Ville Marie and later acquired control of the development arm of BCE Inc. (parent of Bell Canada), owner of BCE Place and property valued at billions of dollars. In 1976, Carena acquired a 25% equity interest and effective voting control of Trizec; the holding was increased to 50.1% later in the 1970s. After the Canada created the Foreign Investment Review Agency in 1974 to regulate foreign investment, concerns arose about the ability to raise future investment money for a foreign-owned company (Eagle Insurance of Britain still held a majority stake in Trizec). In 1975, an agreement was reached with Edper that would leave Eagle Star with a controlling interest in Trizec, while effective control would move to a new Brofman-controlled holding company, Carena Properties. By 1976, the Bronfmans took control of Trizec and moved the head office to Calgary. By 1979, Trizec's assets surpassed $1 billion in value. That same year a bidding war developed for UK-based English Property between Olympia & York, Dutch real estate company NV Beleggingsmaatschppij Wereldhave, and Eagle Star Insurance (which was heavily invested in English Property). Concerned about securing their ownership in Trizec, the Bronfmans came to an agreement with Olympia & York's Reichmann brothers to avoid future competition between their property development concerns, Canada's two largest. Transactions were then undertaken that resulted in both Edper and O&Y having an equal 37% stake in Trizec. In 1980, Trizec acquired the US-based Ernest W. Hahn Inc.'s shopping center interests, raising Trizec's assets to $2 billion, and Trizec was renamed TrizecHahn. Two years later Trizec's assets were valued at $4 billion. By 1990, the recession in commercial real estate became acute and both TrizecHahn and Olympia and York struggled with debt. Following outside infusion of capital into Trizec in 1994, Edper's stake was reduced to a nominal amount. Great Lakes Group. Great Lakes Group, a northern-Ontario based producer and distributor of electric power, had been owned by Brascan before it was transformed into a holding company. By 1984, Brascan owned 49% of the company and it was transformed into a brokerage company to take advantage of financial deregulation with holdings in Royal Trustco, Trilon Financial, and Brascan. By 1990, Hees had acquired a 35% stake and Trilon 11%. The company was later named Brascan Power, one of Canada's largest power generators. It is currently named Brookfield Renewable. Hees Bancorp. Hees began as National Hees Enterprises Limited in 1975, changed its name to Hees International Corporation in 1983, and to Hees International Bancorp Inc. in 1988. Merchant bank Hees International Bancorp served "as the nerve centre for Brascan" in the late 1980s. Hees' Jack Cockwell was a key strategist, investing Bronfman money in numerous publicly traded firms and gaining significant or controlling interest. Prior to the two companies merging to form Edper Group Limited in 1996, the Edper group owned 39% of Hees. Hees in turn owned large shareholdings in some of the same companies as did Edper's other holdings. Hees also acquired companies without Edper's direct involvement, including the following: In 1981, the Toronto-based Continental Bank of Canada was created, with Hees International holding the largest block of shares. By 1986, the bank was the 6th largest Canadian retail bank and the 15th largest financial institution in the country. That same year it acquired by UK-based Lloyds Bank which in turn was later acquired by Hong Kong Bank of Canada. Pagurian. Pagurian began as Interpublishing Limited and Pagurian Press Ltd., which was founded by Philip Christopher Ondaatje. It was incorporated in Ontario in 1975, and changed its name to The Pagurian Corporation Limited in 1977. By 1988 it had diverse assets worth over $500 million and controlled assets of over $1 billion when Ondaatje sold it to Hees International in 1988, and became vice-chairman of Hees. Pagurian was controlled by Hees Bancorp's Jack Cockwell and the senior Edper group managers. By 1993, ownership in Edper Holdings was 50.1% by Edper Investments and 49.9% by Pagurian Corporation. In 1997, what began as a subsidiary of a subsidiary of Edper's, took over Edper and adopted its former corporate grandparent's name; Pagurian was renamed The Edper Group Ltd. Brascan. Edper acquired Toronto-based Brascan Ltd., a widely held holding company with diversified interests in mining, forestry, brewing, and Brazilian-based power and transportation interests, in 1979. The acquisition began quietly in 1978, and soon became a hostile takeover which ultimately resulted in 1979 Carena Bancorp's owning 50.1% of Brascan. In March, 1979, Edper Investments created Edper Equities Ltd. for the purpose of acquiring control or ownership of Brascan, with Edper Investments owning 66% and Patino, N.V. of the Netherlands 34% of Edper Equities. After an initial purchase of approximately 5%, Edper increased its stake to 31% over a two-day period by arranging purchases on the American Stock Exchange, the exchange's largest transaction to date, despite Brascan not being listed there. Edper issued statements stating it was not attempting a takeover of Brascan. As defensive moves, Brascan announced a $1.12 billion bid for F.W. Woolworth Company which Edper strongly and publicly opposed. Brascan received a restraining order in US District Court preventing Edper from acquiring exercising more than 5% of its shares due to alleged violations of the US securities laws. After the restraining order was removed, in June 1979, Edper issued a new bid to raise its ownership. Brascan issued a statement in support and Edper was successful in increasing its ownership to 50.1%. Subsequently, the Ontario Securities Commission amended its rules to prevent takeovers of companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (such as Brascan) being conducted against its rules even in other jurisdictions, such as Edper's undeclared takeover of Brascan on the AMEX. Eventually Brascan merged with Edper and since 2000 has been known as Brookfield Asset Management. In 1982, Noranda Inc. purchased 49.8% of Canada's largest paper producer, Vancouver-based MacMillan Bloedel Ltd., for $623. It was sold in 1993 for $793. Trilon Financial. In 1982, Trilon Financial Corporation was created as a subsidiary of Brascan Ltd. at a time when deregulation permitted financial companies to enter new markets and to acquire the London Life Insurance Company and the Royal Trust Company, both of which Brascan held substantial minority positions. Within its first six months, Trilon became Canada's sixth largest financial institution, behind only the big five Canadian banks. It also expanded into leasing and foreign markets. In, the Reichmann brothers acquired a 13% interest. It expanded such that by 1990 it was the largest retail diversified financial services company in Canada and in 1996 had revenues of $6.2 billion. In 2002, it was renamed Brascan Financial. In 1983 Trilon purchased 42% of Toronto-based Royal Trust Company, one of Canada's largest trust companies and mortgage providers. Its retain trust operations were sold in 1993 to the Royal Bank of Canada. The remainder became Gentra Inc. and later Brookfield Office Properties. Between 1982 and 1983, Trilon acquired 98% of Toronto-based London Life Insurance Company, one of Canada's largest property and life insurance companies. Legacy. The Bronfman brothers participation in Edper and its subsidiaries ended in 1995, but most of the companies continued. The three major holding companies of the Edper empire – Edper, Hees, Pagurian – were all taken over by Brascan during the 1990s and early 2000s. Jack Cockwell and Trevor Eyton reorganized Brascan and its subsidiaries into a much simpler corporate structure, with three main divisions: real estate (from TrizecHahn), power (from Brascan), and financial services (formerly Trilon). Trilon continued as served largely as the financial arm of Brascan and in 2002, Brascan took over the remaining shares of Trilon it didn't already own. In 2002, Brascan renamed itself Brookfield Asset Management. In 2006, Trizec Properties Inc. and its Canadian affiliate Trizec Canada Inc. merged with Brookfield Properties Corp. (formerly Carena) in a deal valued at US$8.9 billion. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

edpar biniyug edpar investment limited. 1959 sonor poraa 1995 sonor bhitorot bhatri edward bronfman aaru pitter bronfmanor baabe prathomik holding company aaru biniyug baahon aasil. 1980ror doxokot iyar xirxot, aaru 1990ror doxokor aarombhonite, edpar kanadar onyotomo brihot korpo "rett gutt aasil, jiye 500tokoiu odhik byoktigoto aaru rajohuwa byoboxai koraa companyk ek jotil gathonire niyontron korisil jaar mulyo 100 billion dollar buli onuman koraa hoisil, 100,000tokoiu odhik kanadiyanok nijukti disil, aaru torontu stock exchangeor muth muldhonor 15 xotangxo aasil. edpar, jaar naam torontusthito duyujon bhatrir naamor ek xongmisron, prothomote chigram company limitedot teulukor swarthor poraa huwa ayore bittiyo xahajyo koraa hoisil. montoriyel-bhittik xakhat teulukor khurak-bhonir mool biniyug teulukor nijor holding company, kemp biniyugor joriyote porisalona koraa hoisil. itihax. 1959 sonot edpar protistha koraa hoisil, zo "too pray 15 nijut aamerikan dollar aay hoisil, jibur sigramor aadha swearor poraa teuluke poriyalor montriyel xakhar dwara bikri koriboloi badhyo hoisil, jiye niyontron bojai rakhisil. poroborti chaari doxokot, edaar etaa companyt swearor etaa poriyalor holdingor poraa kanadar kisuman xorbobrihot companyt corporate odhigrohonor baabe khyati thoka ek bixal gutoloi briddhi paisil. tolot etaa xomoyximar ruprekha diya hoiseh gothon. edaar investment limitedor malikana. bhai edward aaru pitaror byoktigoto nyaxor dwara onusthito hoisil. 1989 sonor pisot iyar gathoni xoloni hoisil, kintu iyar ostitwor besibhag xomoyor baabe ee protijon bhatrir byoktigoto nyaxor malikanadhin aasil. edaar korpo "rett xamrajyo iyar malikana aaru niyontronor jotil jaalor baabe bikhyat aasil ji xirxo storor poraa xomproxarito hoisil. iyar xangothonik gathonituk "oti, oti jotil" aaru "bisolito" buli bornona koraa hoisil jotil accounting aaru jotil kouxol aaru korpo "rett gathonir xabodhane byoboharor joriyote, kanadar tulonamulokbhabe xithil protibhuti aain, korr aain, aaru prokaxor proyujoniyotar uporot puji koraa edpare jaar folot iyar drut bikax ek otyonto jotil, aantoh-bunaa company aaru croch-malikanar pyramidal xamrajyoloi porinot hoisil. edpare niyontron korisil kintu bohutu companyr maalik nasil. byoktigotobhabe onusthito edare etaa rajohuwa companyt niyontrok ongxidaritwor odhikari hoh 'bob paare ji aan etaa rajohuwa companyt niyontrok ongxidaritwo rakhibo ji nijor dhonor besi byobohar nokorakoi aan etat niyontrok ongxidaritwo rakhibo. byobohar koraa onyanyo kouxolxomuh aasil iyar xohayok companyr dwara etaa mool companyr croch-malikana aaru aangxik malikana aaru rajohuwa biniyugkarixokolor baabe ximito baa oh-bhutdan swearor udaar byobohar aaru bhitoror lukoxokolor baabe supar-voting sweyar. eibure edaar xamrajyok nijor dhonor besi byobohar nokorakoi billion dollar xongroho koriboloi xokhyom korisil. aaxir doxokor utthanor xomoyot bronfmanor xoite jorito companyxomuhe kanadat aan jikunu companytkoi odhik protibhuti jaari korisil aaru 30 billion dolarotkoi odhik equity xongroho korisil. edaar aaru iyar bohutu xohayok xongsthar byowosthaponar xoite byapokbhabe jorito thoka duyujon bhatrir uporiu, edaar gutor drut xomproxaron aaru byowosthaponat guruttopurno bhumika paalon koraa aan dujon byokti aasiloh 1960-ror doxokot bronfmanxokole niyug koraa accountant jek kokwel ji pisoloi hiss international/benkorpo, edaar ikuiti, aaru edaar investmentor netritwo disil; aaru traver aaiton, ejon corporate odhibokta ji brasken limitedor netritwo disil. edaror odhigrohonor pisot. rino aaru poton. 1989 sonot iyar xirxor pisot, keibatau karokor folot 1990-ror doxokor aarombhonite edaror xamrajyor pray poton ghotisiloh ek dangor orthonoitik mondawostha, olympic aaru iyorkor poton, banijyik real istetor ek mondawostha jiye mool xompodor raajoh aaru mulyayon duyutake probhabito korisil, liveraged financing aaru jotil malikana gathonir porikhya briddhi korisil. rajhor baabe, edaar korpo "rett gathonituwe rinor daybodhota puron koriboloi xohayok xongsthaxomuhor poraa teulukor mool companyxomuhok labhowan dhon porixudhor uporot jothesto nirbhor korisil. onuman koraa hoisil je teulukor porixudh-porixudh onupat torontu stock exchangeor xirxo 35 khon companyr goror tulnat punor aadha dangor aasil. kisuman bronfman companye uparjonot ponjiyon koratkoi odhik lobhyangxo disil. 1991-93 too teulukor bordhito lukchan puron koriboloi, edaar companyxomuhe maatro 20 maahot sweyar issue, xompoti bikri aaru rinor bittiyo byowosthar joriyote 9 billion dolarotkoi odhik xongroho korisil. 1993 sonor aarombhonite, edare kewol february maahot 1.96 kuti dollar xompoti bikri koriboloi aarombho korisil. 1989 sonor poraa 1993 sonor bhitorot edaror bojar muldhon 90 xotangxo hraax paisil. poriworton. pieterok niyontronot thakiboloi onumoti di adwardok companyxomuhor poraa nijoke aatorai niyar ek upay prodan koriboloi, edpar udyugxomuhok guttur baabe notun mukhyo holding company hisape sristi koraa hoisil aaru 1989 sonot jonoxadharonok sweyar jaaree koraa hoisil. besibhag malikana edpar holdingse bojai rakhisil, ji tetiyaloike edpar investment (pitter) ror dwara 50.1% aaru pegurian korpuresonor dwara 49.9% malikanadhin aasil, ji poroborti xomoyot jek kokwelor netritwot etaa gutor dwara niyontron koraa hoisil. pitter bronfmanor xoite gothonmulok ongxidaritwor xabodhane byobohar kori aaru nogod dhonor probah niyontron kori, jek kokwele probhabitobhabe edaror dayitwo grohon korisil. prodhan holding. edparor bohutu companyt proityokhyo aaru porukhyo malikanar swartho aasil. tolot iyar korpo "rett xamrajyor baabe xorbobrihot aaru ataitkoi guruttopurno talika diya hoise. kerena benkorpo. 1971 sonot kanadian erina company (kerena) koo mulson poriyalor poraa placement rondel liti ("paak investment li.)-ror dwara 15 nijut dolarot kroy koraa hoisil."ingrajit), bronfman bhatrixokolor netritwot malikxokolor etaa xongho. kerena rastriyo hockey leeg montreyal kanadiyenxor maalik aasil, montreyal pho "raamor menezar, jaar xompotir bhitorot bail center aaru gillet entertainment groop ontorbhukto aasil. 1978 sonot kanadian doltu 2 kuti dolarot moo 'loson bruweryr haatot bikri koraa hoisil. bronfmanor odhinot kerenai trizek nigomoke dhori nijor xompoti unnoyonor odhikarxomuh xomproxaron korisil. 1978 sonot kerena benkorpo holdings inok. gothon koraa hoisil, pisoloi ee kerena development limited hoi porisil., aaru 1996 sonot brookfield xompoti. trizek aahoron korar pisot kernaye akromonatmokbhabe iyar real istetor odhikar briddhi korisil. 1989 sonot kernaye olympic endo iyorkor biswo bittiyo xompotir ek tritiyangxo laabh kore.pi.biswo banijyo kendror usoror nework sohoror biswo bittiyo kendror maalik kintu teu prosur rino aaru karzaloyor bojar bhangi juwar baabe xonggram kori aasil. edaror bittiyo xomorthonor xoite, 1990-ror doxokor aarombhonir mondawosthar xomoyot kerena xomproxarito hoisil. 1992 sonot oh "endo wair poton ghotisil, aaru chaari bosoror pisot kerena (brookfield xompoti nigom hisape) ror xoite 47 xotangxo ongxidaritwor xoite dewalotar poraa ulai aahisil. trizek. 1970 sonot bronfman bhatrixokolok torontu-bhittik trizek korpureson limitedor bob "rdot onaa hoisil.kanadar xorbobrihot xompoti bikaxkarixokolor bhitorot egoraki, aaru 9 xotangxo equity ongxidaritwo diya hoise. montreyalor iconic sthan bhile meree nirman koriboloi trizek gothon koraa hoisil aaru pisoloi bi. chi. ee. inokor unnoyon xakhar niyontron laabh korisil. (bail kanadar pitri), bi. chi. ee. sthanor maalik aaru kuti kuti dollar mulyor xompoti. 1976 sonot kernaye 25 xotangxo equity xut aaru trizekor pholoproxu bhutdan niyontron laabh korisil; 1970-ror doxokot holding 50.1% loi briddhi koraa hoisil. 1974 sonot kanadai bidexi biniyug niyontron koriboloi bidexi biniyug porzaluchona xongstha sristi korar pisot, bidexi malikanadhin company etaar baabe bhobisyotor biniyugor dhon xongroho korar xamorthyor bixoye udwegor sristi hoisil (britainor eegol beema etiyau trijekot xongkhyagoristho ongxo aasil). 1975 sonot, edaror xoite ek sukti swakhyorito hoisil jiye eegol starok trijekot niyontrok aagrohor xoite eri dibo, aanhate karzokori niyontrone notun brofman-niyontrito holding company, kerena xompottiloi sthanantorito hoh 'bob. 1976 sonor bhitorot bronfmanxokole trizekor niyontron grohon korisil aaru mukhyo karzaloitu kelgeriloi sthanantor korisil. 1979 sonoloike trizekor xompotir mulyo 1 billion dollar otikrom korisil. xei bosorote olympic endo eork, dusch real istet company envi belgingsmatspies wareldhave, aaru eegol staar insurance (jitu ingraji xompotito jothesto biniyug koraa hoisil) ror maajot iuke-bhittik ingraji xompotir baabe ek nilam juddhor sristi hoisil. trijekot teulukor malikana xurokhito korar baabe sintit, bronfmanxokole olympic aaru iyorkor reisman bhatrixokolor xoite teulukor xompoti unnoyonor udwegor maajot bhobisyotor protijugita porihar koriboloi ek suktit uponeet hoisil, kanadar dutaa xorbobrihot. taar pisot lenden koraa hoisil jaar folot edaar aaru oh "endo waai duyure trijekot xoman 37 xotangxo ongxidaritwo aasil. 1980 sonot trizeke aamerika juktorastrot owosthito arnest dobliu-koo odhigrohon korisil. hoh 'hoh inok.'trizekor xompoti 2 billion dolaroloi briddhi kori trizekor bojar kendror aagroh, aaru trizekor naam trisesan rokha hoisil. dubosoror pisot trizekor xompotir mulyo aasil 4 billion dollar. 1990 sonor bhitorot banijyik real istetor mondawostha tibro hoi porisil aaru trichesan aaru olympic aaru eork duyutai rinor xoite jujisil. 1994 sonot trijekot muldhonor baahiror prowexor pisot, edaror ongxidaritwo naammatro porimanoloi hraax koraa hoisil. brihot hrodor gutt. uttor-ontoriyo 'bhittik boidyutik xoktir utpadok aaru bitorok great lakes groopok etaa holding companyloi rupantorit korar aagote braskanor malikanadhin aasil. 1984 sonor bhitorot braskene companytur 49 xotangxo ongxor maalik aasil aaru royel trustoku, trylon financial aaru braskenot thoka holdingsor xoite bittiyo niyontronor xubidha lo "boloi iyak etaa dolali companyloi rupantorit koraa hoisil. 1990 sonor bhitorot hise 35 xotangxo aaru trylon 11 xotangxo ongxidaritwo laabh korisil. companytur naam pisoloi brasken pawar rokha hoisil, jitu kanadar onyotomo brihot bidyut utpadok. bortoman iyak brookfield nobikoronjugyo buli naam diya hoise. hei bencarp. hise 1975 sonot nesnel hiss enterprise limited hisape aarombho korisil, 1983 sonot iyar naam hiss international korpuresonoloi xoloni korisil, aaru hiss international benkorpo inokoloi xoloni korisil. 1988 sonot morchant benk hiss international benkorpe 1980-ror doxokor xexor faale "braskenor snayu kendro hisape" kaam korisil. hisor jek kokwel ejon mool kouxolbid aasil, jiye bronfmanor dhon rajohuwabhabe byoboxai koraa oxongkhyo protisthanot biniyug korisil aaru guruttopurno baa niyontrok aagroh laabh korisil. 1996 sonot duyuta company ekotrito hoi edaar groop limited gothon korar purbe, edaar grooptuwe hisor 39 xotangxo malikana laabh korisil. iyar pholsworupe teu edparor aan holdingor dore kisuman companyt brihot swareholdingor maalik aasil. teu edaror proityokhyo jorito nuhuwakoi companyxomuhou odhigrohon korisil, jaar bhitorot aaseh 1981 sonot torontu-bhittik kanadar mohadexiyo benk sristi koraa hoisil, zo 'too hiss antohrastriyor usorot swearor xorbobrihot block aasil. 1986 sonoloike, bankkhon kanadar xostho brihottom khusura benk aaru dexor 15tomo brihottom bittiyo protisthan aasil. xei bosorote iyak iuke-bhittik loyorse odhigrohon korisil jitu pisoloi hongkong benk owo kanadai odhigrohon korisil. pegurian. pegurian limited aaru pegurian press limitedor ontorprokax hisape aarombho hoisil., jitu phillip christ 'faar oh' nodatojer dwara protistha koraa hoisil. 1975 sonot ontorio "too iyak ontorbhukto koraa hoisil aaru 1977 sonot iyar naam xoloni kori pegurian korpureson limited koraa hoisil. 1988 sonoloike iyar 500 nijut dollaroru odhik mulyor bibhinno xompoti aasil aaru 1 billion dollaroru odhik niyontrito xompoti aasil jetiya 1988 sonot oh 'notojeye iyak hiss internationeloloi bikri korisil, aaru hisor upo-odhyokhyo hoisil. hess benkorpor jek kokwel aaru jyestho edaar groop menejarxokole pegurian niyontron korisil. 1993 sonoloike, edaar holdingsot malikana aasil edaar biniyugor dwara 50.1% aaru pegurian nigomor dwara 49.9%. 1997 sonot, edparor etaa xohayok xongsthar xohayok hisape aarombho huwa, adparok dokhol kore aaru iyar prakton korpo "rett daada-deutar naam grohon kore; pegurianor naam xoloni koraa hoisil edpar groop limited. braskan. edpare torontu-bhittik brasken limited odhigrohon korisil.1979 sonot khonon, bonn, prostutkoron, aaru brazilian-bhittik xokti aaru poribohonor swarthor khetrot boisitryomoy aagroh thoka ek bohulbhabe onusthito holding company. ei odhigrohon 1978 sonot xantobhabe aarombho hoisil, aaru oti xunkalei ek birudhi odhigrohonot porinot hoisil jaar folot owoxexot 1979 sonot kerena benkorpor braskanor 50.1% malikana laabh korisil. 1979 sonor march maahot edaar biniyugxomuhe edaar equity limitedor sristi korisil. braskenor niyontron baa malikana laabh korar uddesye, edaar biniyugor xoite 66 xotangxo aaru petinu, eno.bhi. netherlandor edpar ikuitir 34 xotangxo. pray 5 xotangxo prarombhik kroyor pisot, edare aamerikan stock excengeot kroyor byowostha kori dudinor xomoisuwat iyar ongxidaritwo 31 xotangxoloi briddhi korisil, jitu exchangeor etiyaloiker ataitkoi dangor lenden, brasken taat talikabhukto nuhuwa swotweu. edpare bibriti jaari kori koichil je ee brasken dokhol korar chesta koraa nasil. protirokhyamulok podokhyep hisape braskene ef-ror baabe 1.12 billion dollar nilam ghuxona korisil.dobliu. ulwartho company ji drirhobhabe aaru rajohuwabhabe birudhita korisil. aamerika juktorastror reserve aainor ulonghonor obhijugor baabe edarok iyar 5 xotangxotkoi odhik sweyar proyug korat baadha diyar baabe braskene aamerika juktorastror jilaa aadalotot ek nirdex laabh korisil. niyontron aadex atoruwar pisot, 1979 sonor june maahot, edare iyar malikana briddhi koriboloi ek notun nilam jaari korisil. braskene xomorthonot ek bibriti jaari korisil aaru edare iyar malikana 50.1% loi briddhi korat xofol hoisil. poroborti xomoyot, ontario "ror protibhuti aayuge torontu stock excengeot talikabhukto companyxomuhor (jene brasken) odhigrohon iyar niyomor biruddhe aanoki onyanyo khetrot onusthito huwa protirudh koriboloi iyar niyom xongxudhon korisil, jene edare amexot brasken oghuxitobhabe odhigrohon koraa. owoxexot brasken edparor xoite ekotrito hoy aaru 2000 sonor poraa iyak brookfield xompod byowosthapona buli jonaa yaay. 1982 sonot noranda inok. kanadar xorbobrihot kagoj utpadok, venkuvar-bhittik mcmillan bloodel limitedor poraa 49.8% kroy koraa hoisil., 623 dolarot. 1993 sonot iyak 793 dolarot bikri koraa hoisil. trylon bittiyo. 1982 sonot trylon bittiyo nigom brasken limitedor xohayok hisape gothon koraa hoisil. ene ek xomoyot jetiya niyontron birudhitai bittiyo companyxomuhok notun bojarot prowex koriboloi aaru london jiwan beema company aaru royel trust company odhigrohon koriboloi onumoti disil, ji duyutai braskane jothesto xongkhyaloghu podd dokhol korisil. iyar prothom choy maahor bhitorot trylon kanadar xostho brihottom bittiyo protisthan hoi porisil, kewol pasta dangor kanadian bankor pisot. ee liz aaru bidexi bojaroloiu xomproxarito hoisil. reisman bhatrixokole 13 xotangxo xut laabh korisil. ee enedore xomproxarito hoisil je 1990 sonoloike ee kanadar xorbobrihot khusura boisitryomoy bittiyo xewa company aasil aaru 1996 sonot iyar raajoh aasil 6.2 billion dollar. 2002 sonot iyar naam xoloni kori braskan financial rokha hoy. 1983 sonot trilone kanadar onyotomo brihot nyax company aaru bondhok prodankari torontu-bhittik royel nyax companyr 42 xotangxo kroy korisil. iyar retain trustor karjyokolapxomuh 1993 sonot royel benk owo kanadaloi bikri koraa hoisil. bakibur gentra ink hoi porisil. aaru pisoloi brookfield karzaloyor xompoti. 1982 sonor poraa 1983 sonor bhitorot trilone kanadar onyotomo brihot xompoti aaru jiwan beema company torontusthito london jiwan beema companyr 98 xotangxo odhigrohon korisil. uttoradhikari. 1995 sonot edaar aaru iyar xohayok xongsthat bronfman bhatrixokolor ongxogrohon xex hoisil, kintu besibhag companye obyahot rakhisil. edaar xamrajyor tinita prodhan holding company - edaar, hiss, pegurian-ei xokolubur 1990-ror doxok aaru 2000-ror doxokor aarombhonite braskane dokhol korisil. jek kokwel aaru travor aitone brasken aaru iyar xohayok xongsthaxomuhok tinita mukhyo bibhagor xoite ek oti xorol korpo "rett gathonire punor xongothito korisiloh real istet (trisesanor poraa), pawar (braskanor poraa), aaru bittiyo xewa (purbote trylon). trilone braskenor bittiyo xakha hisape kaam kori thakil aaru 2002 sonot braskene trilonor baaki ongxoxomuh nijor haatot loi loisil. 2002 sonot braskane brookfield xompoti byowosthapona buli nijor naam xoloni kore. 2006 sonot trizek propertice inok. aaru iyar kanadian xohojugi trizek kanada inok. brookfield xompoti nigomor xoite ekotrito koraa hoisil. (purbote kerena) 8.9 billion dollar mulyor etaa suktit.

edper biniyog edper investment limited. 1959 theke 1995 saaler modhye bhai edward bronfman ebong pitter bronfmaner jonno prathomik holding sangostha ebong biniyoger bahon chhilo. 1980-err doshke ebong 1990-err doshoker godar dike shirshe thakakalin, edper kanadar brihottomo corporate gosthigulir modhye ekti chhilo, jaa 500 tiro beshi besarkari ebong prokashye byabosa koraa sangosthake ekti jotil kathamote niyantran koroto jaar mulya anumanik 100 billion dollar, 100,000 ero beshi kanadianke niyog korechilo ebong torronto stock exchanger moat muldhan 15 shotangsho niye gothito chhilo. edper, jaar naam torronto-vittik dui bhaiyer naamer sangmishran, prathomikbhabe sigram company limited-ayee taader swartho theke prapto ortho diye arthayan koraa hoyechilo. montrial-vittik shakha taader chachat bhaider prodhan biniyog taader nijaswa holding sangostha, camp biniyoger madhyome porichalito hoto. itihas. 1959 saale edper protisthito hoy, jaar pray 15 million markin dollar aay chhilo taader ardhek sheyara theke, jaa taaraa poribarer montrial shakha dwara bikri korte badhyo hoyechilo, jaaraa niyantran bojay rekhechilo. poroborti chaar doshke, edper ekti ekok companyr share paribarik holding theke kanadar koyekti brihottomo sangosthai corporate adhigrahaner jonno khyati soho ekti bishal gosthite porinoto hoy. niche ekti ruprekha deoa holoh kathamo. edper investment limiteder malikana. bhai edward ebong pieter byaktigato truster adhine chhilo. 1989 saaler porr err kathamo poribortito hoy, kintu err astitter beshirbhag somoy etty protiti bhaiyer byaktigato truster malikanadhin chhilo. edper corporate samrajya taar malikana ebong niyantraner jotil jaaler jonno bikhyato chhilo jaa sheersho stor theke prosarito hoyechilo. err sangathanik kathamoke jotil hisaborokkhon ebong jotil kaushal ebong corporate kathamor jatnashil byaboharer madhyome "khub, khub jotil" ebong "chanchal" hisabe bornona koraa hoyechilo, kanadar tulonamulokbhabe shithil securities aain, corr aain ebong prokasher prayojaniyatar upor muldhan koraa hoyechilo jaar foley err druto briddhi atyanta jotil, antoh bonna sangosthagulir pyramid samrajye porinoto hoyechilo ebong cross-malikana. edper niyantran koroto kintu onek sangosthar malik chhilo naa. besorkaribhabe porichalito edara ekti public companyte ekti niyantrankari angshidaritter malik hotey paare jaa onno ekti public companyte niyantrankari angshidaritter adhikari hobey jaa taar nijer orther beshi byabohar naa korey onnotite niyantrankari angshidaritter adhikari hobey. byabohrito anyanno kaushalguli chhilo ekti mool sangosthar sahojogi sangosthar antoh-malikana ebong angshik malikana ebong sarkari biniyogkarider jonno seemaboddho baa aaa-bhotdan share udar byabohar ebong abhyantarinder jonno super-voating sheyara. eguli edper samrajyoke taar nijer orther beshi byabohar naa korei billion billion dollar sangraha korte sokkhom korechilo. ashir doshoker utthaner somoy, bronfman-sangjukto sangosthaguli kanadar onno jey konao sangosthar tulna beshi security jaari korechilo ebong 30 billion dollarero beshi equity sangraha korechilo. dui bhai chharao, jaaraa edper ebong err onek sahayak sangosthar byabosthaponar saathe byapokbhabe jorito chhilen, arow dujon byakti chhilen jaaraa edper grouper druto samprasaran oo byabosthaponay mool bhumika palon korechilenoh 1960-err doshke bronfmander dwara niyog koraa accountant jack cockwell, jini porey hiz international/bancorp, edper equity ebong edper biniyoger netritto diyechilen; ebong travor iton, ekjon corporate aainjibi jini brascan limiteder netritto diyechilen. edparer adhigrahaner porey. rino ebong poton. 1989 saale err shirshe pouchonor porr, 1990-err doshoker godar dike edparer samrajyer pray potoner kaaron hoye danda besh koyekti karonoh ekti borh orthonoitik monda, olympic ebong iyarker poton, banijyik real estater ekti monda jaa mool sompoder rajaswa ebong mulyayan ubhaykei probhabito korechilo, bordhito arthik sahayata ebong jotil malikana kathamor porikkha-nirikkha. rajaswer jonno, riner badhyobadhokotaguli metanor jonno sahayak sangosthagulir kachh theke taader mool sangosthagulike labhyangsho prodaner upor edper corporate kathamo byapokbhabe nirbhar koroto. etty anuman koraa hoyechilo jey taader beton-prodaner anupat torronto stock exchanger sheersho 35 tii sangosthar gader ardhek chhilo. kichhu bronfman company ayer tulna labhyangshe beshi ortho pradan korey. 1991-93-ayee taader kromobordhoman loksan metate, edper kompaniguli matro 20 maase sheyara issue, sompod bikroy ebong rino orthayoner madhyome 9 billion dollarero beshi sangraha koreche. 1993 saaler godar dike, edper shudhumatra februarytei $1.96 billion mulyer sompod bikri shuru korey. 1989 theke 1993 saaler modhye edparer bazar muldhan 90 shotangsho komeche. rupantar. pieterke niyantrane rakhar anumati deoar pashapashi kompaniguli theke nijeke berr korey neoar ekti upay pradan korar jonno, grouper jonno notun prodhan holding sangostha hisabe edper enterprise toiri koraa hoyechilo ebong 1989 saale jonosadharoner jonno sheyara jaari koraa hoyechilo. beshirbhag malikana edper holding dwara bojay rakha hoyechilo, jaa totodine edper investment (pitter) dwara malikanadhin chhilo ebong pagurian karporeshana dwara 49.9% malikanadhin chhilo, jaa jack cockweller netritte ekti gosthi dwara niyantrita hoyechilo. pitter bronfmaner saathe kathamogoto angshidaritter jatnashil byabohar ebong nagad probaho niyantraner madhyome, jack cockwell karjoto edparer dayitto grohon corren. prodhan holding. edparer onek sangosthai prottokkho oo porokkho malikana chhilo. neeche taar corporate samrajyer brihottomo ebong sabcheye guruttopurno ekti talika deoa holl. carrena bancorp. 1971 saale, kanadian arena company (carrena) molson poribarer kachh theke placement rondell ly, ("puck investments ly."ingrezite), bronfman bhaider netritte malikder ekti consortium. montrial forumer manager, jatiya hockey leeg montrial kanadianser malik chhilen carrena, jaar sompod chhilo bell center ebong gillet binodan doll. 1978 saale kanadian dolti 2 kotee markin dollare molson bruary kachhe bikri koraa hoy. bronfman malikanadhin keyara trizek karporeshana soho taar sampatti unnayan holding prosarito korey. 1978 saale, carrena bancorp holdings incorporated. etty gothito hoyechilo, porey etty carrena development limited hoye othe., ebong 1996 saale brookfield sampatti. trizek adhigrahaner porr, karena agrasibhabe taar real esteta holding prosarito korey. 1989 saale, carrena olympic anned iyarker bishwa arthik sampattir eka-tritiyangsho orjon korey.pii.bishwa banijya kendra sanglagna neu eork shohorer bishwa arthik kendrer malik kintu bharee riner ebong venge padaa offices bajarer saathe ladai korchilen. edparer arthik somorthoner saathe, 1990-err doshoker godar dike monda chalakalin karenar samprasaran ghote. 1992 saale wandwi venge porey ebong chaar bochor porr durbal hoye padaa companity deulia hoye othe ebong karenar (brookfield property karporeshana hisabe) 47 shotangsho share malik hoy. trizek. 1970 saale, bronfman bhaider torronto-vittik trizek karporeshana limiteder boarde aanaa hoy.kanadar brihottomo sampatti bikashkarider modhye ekjon, ebong 9 shotangsho equity angshidaritto deoa hoyeche. montrialer iconic sthan ville merry nirmaner jonno trizek gathon koraa hoyechilo ebong porey bce incorporateder unnayan shakhar niyantran orjon korechilo. (bell kanadar jonok), bce place ebong sampattir malik jaar mulya billion dollar. 1976 saale, carrena 25 shotangsho equity sood ebong trizeker karjokor bhotdan niyantran orjon korey; 1970-err doshke holdingke 50.1%-ayee unnito koraa hoy. 1974 saale kanada bideshi biniyog niyantraner jonno bideshi biniyog porjalochona sangostha toiri korar porr, ekti bideshi malikanadhin sangosthar jonno bhabishyater biniyoger ortho sangraher khomota niye udweg dekha deyo (brittener eegol beema ekhono trigeke sankhyagarishtha angshidaritto dharon korechilo). 1975 saale, edparer saathe ekti chukti hoyechilo jaa eegol starke trizeker upor niyantrankari agroher saathe chhede debe, onnodike karjokor niyantran ekti notun brofman-niyantrita holding sangostha, karenar sompottite choley jaabe. 1976 saaler modhye, bronfmanra trizeker niyantran neyo ebong prodhan karyalayati kyalgarite sthanantorito korey. 1979 saaler modhye trizeker sompoder mulya 1 billion dollar chhadiye yaay. ekoi bochor olympic oo eork, dutch real esteta company envi beligingsmutschopies worreldhave ebong eegol stara insurancer (jaa ingrezi sompottite byapokbhabe biniyog koraa hoyechilo) modhye juktorajyo vittik ingrezi sampattir jonno ekti nilam juddho shuru hoy. trigeke taader malikana surokkhito korar bishoye udwigno, bronfmanra olympic ebong iyarker reichman bhaider saathe ekti chuktite esechilo jaate taader sampatti unnoyoner udweger modhye bhabishyater protijogita edano yaay, jaa kanadar duti brihottomo. erpor lenden koraa hoy jaar foley edper ebong wandwi ubhoyeri trigeke soman 37 shotangsho sheyara royeche. 1980 saale, trizek markin juktorashtro vittik ernest dablu orjon korey. hahan inock.'trizeker sompod 2 billion markin dollare unnito korey ebong trizeker naam poriborton korey trizecan rakha hoy. dui bochor porr trizeker sompoder mulya chhilo 4 billion markin dollar. 1990 saaler modhye, banijyik real estater monda teebro hoye othe ebong trizecan ebong olympic ebong eork ubhayi riner saathe ladai korey. 1994 saale trigeke bahyik muldhan deoar porr, edparer angshidaritto nammatro porimane hrass paay. greta lake group. greta lakes group, ekti uttor-ontario vittik bidyut utpadok ebong poribeshok, ekti holding companyte rupantarita howar agey brascaner malikanadhin chhilo. 1984 saaler modhye brascan companyr 49 shotangsher malik hoy ebong rayyal trastco, trillon financial ebong brascane holding soho arthik niyantraner subidha nitey etty ekti brokerage companyte rupantarita hoy. 1990 saaler modhye, hiz 35 shotangsho ebong trillon 11 shotangsho sheyara orjon korechilo. companytir naam porey brascan pawar rakha hoy, jaa kanadar brihottomo bidyut utpadokgulir modhye ekti. bortomane etir naam brookfield punornobikoronjoggo. eyi holl bancorp. 1975 saale jatiya hiz enterprise limited hisabe shuru hoy hiz, 1983 saale err naam poriborton korey hiz international karporeshana ebong hiz international bankorp inock. 1988 saale marchant bank hiz international bankorp 1980-err doshoker shesher dike "brascaner snayu kendra" hisabe kaaj korey. hijer jack cockwell ekjon mool kaushalbid chhilen, jini bronfmaner ortho bohu sorbojoninbhabe byabosa koraa sangosthai biniyog korechilen ebong ullekhjoggo baa niyantrankari agroho orjon korechilen. 1996 saale duti company ekibhuto hoye edper group limited gathoner agey, edper grouper 39 shotangsho hiz chhilo. tini ekoi sangosthai borh shareholdinger malik chhilen jemon edparer anyanno holding chhilo. tini edparer sarasari sampriktata chharai kompaniguli orjon korechilen, jaar modhye nimnalikhitguli royeche 1981 saale torronto-vittik mahadeshiya bank off kanada toiri koraa hoy, jekhane hiz international share brihottomo block dharon korey. 1986 saaler modhye, bankti kanadar kanadar brihottomo khuchro bank ebong desher desher brihottomo arthik protisthan chhilo. ekoi bochor etty juktorajyo vittik lloyds bank dwara adhigrahan koraa hoy jaa porey hongkong bank off kanada dwara adhigrahan koraa hoy. pagurian. pagurian limited ebong pagurian presha limited hisabe shuru hoyechilo., jaa phillip christopher ondatje dwara protisthito hoyechilo. 1975 saale etty ontariote antarbhukta koraa hoy ebong 1977 saale err naam poriborton korey pagurian karporeshana limited koraa hoy. 1988 saaler modhye etir 500 million dollar beshi mulyer boichitromoy sompod chhilo ebong 1 billion dollarero beshi niyantrita sompod chhilo jokhon 1988 saale ondatje etty hiz internationaler kachhe bikri korey deyo ebong hijer vice-chairman hoy. pagurian hiz bancorper jack cockwell ebong senior edper group managerder dwara niyantrita hoyechilo. 1993 saaler modhye, edper holdingse malikana chhilo edper biniyog dwara 50.1% ebong pagurian karporeshana dwara 49.9%. 1997 saale, jaa edparer ekti sahayak sangosthar sahayak hisabe shuru hoyechilo, edparer dayitto grohon korey ebong err praktan corporate dadar naam grohon korey; pagurianer naam poriborton korey edper group limited koraa hoy. braskar. edper torronto-vittik brascan limited kinechilo.1979 saale khoni, banayan, toirir kaaj ebong brazil vittik bidyut oo poribohoner swarthe boichitromoy swarther ekti byapokbhabe porichalito holding sangostha. adhigrahanti 1978 saale nirobe shuru hoy ebong shighroi ekti protikul adhigrahan hoye othe jaar foley shesh porjonto 1979 saale carrena bancorper brascaner 50.1% malikana laav korey. 1979 saaler march maase, edper biniyogguli edper equity limited toiri korey. brascaner niyantran baa malikana orjoner uddeshye, edper biniyoger 66 shotangsho ebong patino, enn.vee. netherlandser 34 shotangsho edper equity. pray 5 shotangsho prathomik kroyer porr, edper markin stock exchange kroyer byabostha korey doo 'diner samaykale taar angshidaritto baadiye 31 shotangsho korey, jaa brascan sekhane talikabhukto naa haoya sotteo exchanger ekhon porjonto brihottomo lenden. edper bibriti jaari korey jey etty brascan dokholer chesta korche naa. protirokkhamulok podokkhep hisabe, brascan eff-err jonno 1.12 billion dollar darpatra ghoshana korey.dobleeu. ulworth company jaa dridhobhabe ebong prokashye birodhita korechilo. markin juktorashtrer securities aain longghoner abhijoge edparke taar 5 shotangsher beshi sheyara orjon korte badha deoar jonno brascan markin juktorashtrer zela adalte ekti nishedhagga adesh paay. 1979 saaler june maase, nishedhagga prottaharer porr, edara taar malikana badanor jonno ekti notun darpatra jaari korey. brascan somorthone ekti bibriti jaari korey ebong edper taar malikana 50.1%-ayee unnito korte sofol hoy. porobortikale, ontario securities kamishana torronto stock exchange talikabhukto kompanigulir (jemon brascan) adhigrahan rodh korar jonno taar niyam sangshodhan korey, emonki anyanno ekhtiar biruddheo, jemon amexe brascaner edparer aghoshito adhigrahan. abosheshe brascan edparer saathe mishe yaay ebong 2000 saal theke brookfield sompod byabosthapona naame porichito. 1982 saale, noranda inock. kanadar brihottomo kagaj utpadok, vancouver-vittik mcmillan bloodel limited theke 49.8% kineche., 623 markin dollare. etty 1993 saale 793 markin dollare bikri hoyechilo. trillon arthik. 1982 saale, brascan limiteder ekti sahayak sangostha hisabe trillon arthik karporeshana toiri koraa hoy. emon eka somoye jokhon niyantran-bimochan arthik sangosthagulike notun bajare probesh korte ebong london jeebon beema sangostha ebong rayyal trust sangostha adhigrahaner anumati diyechilo, jey dutiyi brascan ullekhjoggo sankhyalaghu podey adhisthito chhilo. prothom chhoy maaser modhye, trylon kanadar shostho brihottomo arthik protisthane porinoto hoy, shudhumatra panchti borh kanadian byanker porey. etty izara ebong bideshi bajareo prosarito hoyechilo. 2007 saale, reichman bhaiyera 13 shotangsho sood orjon corren. etty emanbhabe prosarito hoyechilo jey 1990 saaler modhye etty kanadar brihottomo khuchro boichitromoy arthik porisheba sangostha chhilo ebong 1996 saale err aay chhilo $6.2 billion. 2002 saale err naam poriborton korey braskar financial rakha hoy. 1983 saale trylon torronto-vittik rayyal trust companyr 42 shotangsho kiney neyo, jaa kanadar brihottomo trust company ebong bondhok prodankarider modhye ekti. err ritten trust apareshana 1993 saale kanadar rayyal byanker kachhe bikri koraa hoy. bakira hoye othe gentra incorporated. ebong porey brookfield officer sampatti. 1982 theke 1983 saaler modhye, trylon torronto-vittik london jeebon beema sangosthar 98 shotangsho adhigrahan korey, jaa kanadar brihottomo sampatti ebong jeebon beema sangosthagulir modhye ekti. uttoradhikar. 1995 saale edper ebong err sahayak sangosthagulite bronfman bhaider ongshogrohon shesh hoy, kintu beshirbhag companyi taa abyahoto rakhe. edper samrajyer tinti prodhan holding company - edper, hiz, pagurian-1990 ebong 2000-err doshoker godar dike brascan dwara dokhol koraa hoyechilo. jack cockwell ebong travor iton brascan ebong err sahayak sangosthagulike ekti onek sahaj corporate kathamote punargathan korechilen, tinti prodhan bibhag sahoh real esteta (trizecan theke), pawar (brascan theke), ebong arthik porisheba (purbe trillon). trylon mulat brascaner arthik shakha hisabe kaaj korey jachchilo ebong 2002 saale brascon triloner aboshishto ongshoguli dokhol korey neyo jaa taar itimadhye chhilo naa. 2002 saale brascan brookfield sompod byabosthaponar naam poriborton korey. 2006 saale, trizek property incorporated. ebong err kanadian onumodito trizek kanada inock. brookfield properties corporationer saathe ekibhuto. (purbe karena) 8.9 billion markin dollar mulyer ekti chuktite.

adper rokaan adper investments limited. 1959 aneey 1995nee vachche bhaaio edward bronfman aneey pieter bronfman maate praathmeek holding kampani aneey rokaan vaahan hatoo. 1980naa daykama tenee toach parr aneey 1990naa daaykaani sharuaatmaa, adper kenedama sauthee motaa corporate sangathanomaanu aek hatoo, jeey 500thee vadhu khangi aneey jaaherma vepaar karatee companyone aek jatil malkhama niyantrit karatee hatee, jeey andaje 100 abaj dollarni hatee, 100,000thee vadhu kenediyan lokone rojgaari aaptee hatee aneey torrento stock exchangena coole mudikaranna 15 takaa hisso dharaavati hatee. adper, jenu naam torrento stheet beey bhaiona naamonu mishran chhe, tene sharuaatmaa sigram kampani limitedma temnaa hitomathi malelee aavakthi naanaa puuraa padvama aavyaa hataa. montriyal-aadharit shakhama temnaa pitarai bhaiona mukhya rokaanonu sanchalan temnee potaani holding kampani, camp rokaano dwara karvaamaa aavtu hatoo. itihas. aedparnee sthaapnaa 1959maan karvaamaa aavee hatee, jemaa temnaa adadhaa shermathi aashre 15 million americi dollarni aavak hatee, jene parivaarnaa montriyal shaakha dwara vechavaani faraj puddy hatee, jemane niyantran jaalvi raakhyu hatoo. pachhinaa chaar daykaoma, adper aek jaj companyma shernaa paarivaarik holdingthi kenedani ketalik sauthee motee companyoma corporate takeover maate pratishtha dharaavtaa vishaal samoohma vikasyu. neeche aek ruprekha samayrekha chheh maalakhu. adper investments limitednee maliki. teey bhaaio edward aneey pietarnaa angat trust dwara rakhvama aavtu hatoo. 1989 pachhi tenu maalakhu badalaayu, parantu tenaa motabhagna astitva maate teey darek bhaina khangi trustney malikinu hatoo. adper corporate saamrajya tenee maliki aneey niyantranni jatil jaal maate jaanitu hatoo jeey tochnaa starthi vistaree hatee. tenaa sangathhanaatmak maalkhaane bhulbhulamani hisab aneey jatil vyooharachnaao aneey corporate malkhana kaljipurvak upyog dwara "khoob, khoob jaj jatil" aneey "chanchal" tareeke varnavama aavyu hatoo, kenedana pramanma shithil jamingiri kaayadao, karvera kaayadao aneey jaaherat jaruriyaato parr mudeerokan karyoo hatoo, jenaa parinaame tenee zadpi vrudhdhi atyant jatil, aekbeeja saathe vanaayelee companyo aneey cross-malikina pyramidal samrajyma thaee hatee. aedparnu niyantran hatoo parantu teey ghanee companyoni maliki dharaavtu nahotu. khangi malikini adder aek jaaher companyma niyantran hisso dharaavi shake chhe jeey anya jaaher companyma niyantran hisso dharaavshe jeey tenaa potaana nananno vadhu upyog karyaa vinaa bijaamaa niyantran hisso dharaavshe. upyogmaa levaati anya vyooharachnaaomaa tenee petacompany dwara mool companyni cross-maliki aneey aansheek maliki aneey jaaher rokaankaaro maate pratibandhit athavaa biin-matdaan sherono udaar upyog aneey aantarik loko maate super-watting sherno upyog saamel hato. aanaathi adder saamrajya potaana motabhagna nananno upyog karyaa vinaa abajo dollar aektra curry shakyu. aenseena daykama tejee darmiyan, bronfman saathe jodaayelee companyoae kenedama anya koee pann karataa vadhu jamingirio jaaree curry hatee aneey 30 abaj dollarthi vadhuni equity aektra curry hatee. beey bhaaio upraant, jeo adper aneey tenee ghanee petacompanyona sanchalanma bhaare sankalaayela hataa, tyaan beey anya maanso hataa jemane adper juthanaa zadpi vistaran aneey vyavsthaapanmaa mukhya bhoomika bhajvi hateeh 1960naa daykama bronfman dwara bhaade levaamaa aavela accountant jeeka cockwell, jeo paachhalthi hease aantarrashtriy/bancorp, adper equity aneey adper rokaanona vadaa banyaa; aneey traver eyeton, aek corporate vakeel, jeo brascan limitednaa vadaa hataa. aedparnaa sampadan pachhi. devu aneey patan. 1989maan tenee toach pachhi, 1990naa daaykaani sharuaatmaa aedparnaa samrajyna patannu kaaran anek pareebalo hataah motee aarthik mandee, olympia aneey yorknu patan, vyaapaari real estatemaa mandee keey jene mukhya sampattioni aavak aneey mulyankan bannene assar curry, leveraged financing aneey jatil maliki maalkhaaoni tapasma vadhaaro thayo. aavak maate, adper corporate maalakhu devani javabdarione aavari levaa maate petacompanyo pasethi temnee mool companyone dividend chukavani parr bhaare aadhaar raakhtu hatoo. aevo andaaj lagavvama aavyo hato keey temno chukavani-nikaal gunottar torrento stock exchange parnee tochnee 35 companyoni sarerash karataa adadho hato. ketalik bronfman companyoae temnee aavak karataa dividandma vadhu chukavani curry hatee. temnaa 'id1' maan thayela nukasaanne aavari levaa maate, adper companyoae maatra 20 maheenama shhare issue, esset sales aneey dett financing dwara 9 abaj dollarthi vadhu aektra karyaa hataa. 1993nee sharuaat sudhimaa, edpare maatra februaryma jaj 1.96 abaj dollarni sampatti vechvaanu sharoo karyoo hatoo. aedparnu marqeta capitalization 1989 aneey 1993 vachche 90 takaa ghatyu hatoo. sankraman. pietarne niyantranma rakhvani manjuri aaptee vakhate edwardne companyomathi potaane bahaar kaadhvaano maarg pradaan karvaa maate, adper entreprisesne jooth maate navee mukhya holding kampani tareeke banavvama aavee hatee aneey 1989 maan jaaher jantaane shhare jaaree karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. motabhagni maliki adder holdings dwara jaalvi rakhvama aavee hatee, jeey tyaan sudhimaa adder rokaano (pieter) dwara 50.1% aneey pegurian corporation dwara 49.9% nee maliki dharaavati hatee, jeey badalaama jeeka kokvelnee aagevani hethalnaa jooth dwara niyantrit hatee. pieter bronfman saatheni sanracheet bhagidarino kaljipurvak upyog kareene aneey rokad pravaahnaa niyantran dwara, jeeka kokwele asarkarak reete aedparno kabajo sambhaalyo. mukhya maliki. adper asankhya companyoma pratyaksh aneey parox malikina heeto dharaavtaa hataa. neeche tenaa corporate saamrajya maate sauthee motaa aneey sauthee mahatvapurn lokonee yaadee chhe. kernaa bancorp. 1971maan, kenediyan erena kampani (kernaa) neey molson parivaar pasethi placement rondell litty ("puck investment lii.)" dwara 15 million dollarmaa khareedvama aavee hatee."angrejeemaa), bronfman bhaiona netrutvamaa malikona sangh. kernaa national hockey leag montriyal kenediyannaa maaleek hataa, jeey montriyal forumnaa manager hataa, jenee sampattima bail center aneey gillet manoranjan juthano samaavesh thato hato. 1978maan kenediyan teamne 20 million dollarmaa molson bruariesne vechvaamaa aavee hatee. bronfman maliki kernaa hethal trizec corporation saheet tenaa meelkat vikaas holdingnu vistaran karyoo. 1978maan, kernaa bancorp holdings ink. tenee rachnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee, teey paachhalthi kernaa development limited bunny hatee., aneey 1996maan brookfield propertiesmaa. trizec hastgat karyaa pachhi, kernaae tenaa real estate holdingsne aakramak reete vistrut karyaa. 1989maan, kernaae olympic aneey yorknee vishva nanakiy meelkatno aek trutiyaansh hisso hastgat karyo.pii., vishva vepaar kendrani bajuma aavela newyork shahernaa vishva nanakiy kendrana maaleek hataa parantu bhaare devu aneey offices bajaarnaa patan saame sangharsh curry rahyaa hataa. aedparnaa nanakiy samarthan saathe, 1990naa daaykaani sharuaatmaa mandee darmiyan kernaanu vistaran thayu hatoo. oo anned vaay 1992maan tutee padyu hatoo aneey chaar varsh pachhi nabalee puddy gayelee kampani nadarimathi bahaar aavee hatee aneey kernaa (brookfield properties corporation tareeke) paase 47 takaa hisso hato. trijek. 1970maan, bronfman bhaione torrento stheet trizec corporation limitednaa boardma lavvama aavyaa hataa.kenedana sauthee motaa property developersmaanthi aek, aneey 9 takaa equity hisso aapyo. montriyalnaa pratishthit sthal veele mereena nirmaan maate trizechni rachnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee aneey baadmaa tene bii. see. ee. ink. nee vikaas shakhanu niyantran melavyu hatoo. (bail kenedana parent), bii. see. ee. places aneey abajo dollarni milkatnaa maaleek. 1976maan, kernaae 25 takaa equity vyaaj aneey trizechnu asarkarak matdaan niyantran melavyu hatoo; 1970naa daykama pachhithi holding vadhaarine 50.1% karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. keneda 1974maan videshi rokaannu niyaman karvaa maate videshi rokaan samiksha agencyni rachnaa karyaa pachhi, videshi malikini kampani maate bhaavi rokaanaa naanaa aektra karvaanee kshamata vishe chintaao oobhi thaee (britainno garud veemo haju pann trizekma bahumatee hisso dharaavto hato). 1975maan, adper saathe aek samajooti thaee hatee jeey garud taaraane trizekma niyantrit rus saathe chhodi deshe, jyaare asarkarak niyantran navee brofman-niyantrit holding kampani, kernaa propertiesmaa jashe. 1976 sudhimaa, bronfmance trizec parr niyantran melavyu aneey mukhya kaaryaalayne kelgarimaa khasedyu. 1979 sudhimaa, trizechni sampatti mulyamaa $1 abajne vataavi gaee hatee. teey jaj varshe olympic aneey york, dutch real estate kampani envi ballegingsmatschpies warreldhave aneey igal staar insurance (jenu angreji meelkatma bhaare rokaan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo) vachche yuke stheet angreji meelkat maate bollie yuddh vikasyu hatoo. trizekma temnee maliki suraksheet karvaa ange chintit, bronfman olympia aneey yorknaa reachman bhaaio saathe samajooti parr aavyaa jethee temnee meelkat vikaasnee chintaao, kenedani beey sauthee motee vachche bhaavi spardhaane taalee shakaay. tyarbad vyavhaaro haath dharvaamaa aavyaa hataa jenaa parinaame adper aneey oo anned vaay banneno trizekma 37 takaa jetalo hisso hato. 1980maan, trizeke us stheet ernest doubleu hastgat curry. hahan ink.'trizechni sampatti vadhaarine 2 abaj dollar kareene, aneey trizechnu naam badaline trizecohn rakhvama aavyu hatoo. beey varsh pachhi trizechni sampatti 4 abaj dollarni hatee. 1990 sudhimaa, vyaapaari real estatemaa mandee teevra bunny hatee aneey trizecan aneey olympia aneey york banne devu saathe sangharsh curry rahyaa hataa. 1994maan trizekma mudeenaa baahy rokaan pachhi, aedparno hisso ghataadine najivi rakam karvaamaa aavyo hato. mahaan talaavonu jooth. greta lakes group, jeey uttareey ontario stheet veej utpaadak aneey veej vitarankartaa chhe, teey holding companyma rupantarit thaay teey pahelaa brascanni malikinu hatoo. 1984 sudhimaa, brascan companyma 49 takaa hisso dharaavtu hatoo aneey royal trustco, trilon financial aneey brascanma holding saathe nanakiy niyantranone mukt karvaano laabh levaa maate tene dalali companyma rupantarit karvaamaa aavee hatee. 1990 sudhimaa, heeze 35 takaa hisso aneey trikoneey hisso 11 takaa hastgat karyo hato. paachhalthi aaa companyne brascan power naam aapvama aavyu, jeey kenedana sauthee motaa veej utpadakomanu aek hatoo. haalmaa tene brookfield renewable naam aapvama aavyu chhe. aaa bancorp chhe. heaseni sharuaat 1975maan national hease entreprise limited tareeke thaee hatee, 1983maan tenu naam badaline hease international corporation aneey hease international bancorp ink curry devaamaa aavyu hatoo. 1988maan merchant benk hease international bancorp 1980naa daykana antamaa "brascan maate chetaa kendra" tareeke sevaa aapee hatee. heezna jeeka cockwell aek mukhya vyooharachnaakaar hataa, jemane jaaher reete vepaar karatee sankhyaabandh companyoma bronfmanna nanannun rokaan karyoo hatoo aneey nondhpaatra athavaa niyantrit rus melvyo hato. 1996maan banne companyona vilinikaran pachhi adper group limitednee rachnaa thaee teey pahelaa, adper group paase 39 takaa hisso hato. badalaama, aedparnaa anya holdingsnee jaim jaj ketalik companyoma temnee paase motaa shareholdings hataa. temane aedparnee seedhi sandovani vinaa companyo pann hastgat curry hatee, jemaa nichenaano samaavesh thaay chheh 1981maan, torrento stheet khandeey benk off kenedani rachnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee, jemaa hease international sherno sauthee moto bloqa dharaave chhe. 1986 sudhimaa, benk kenedani chhaththi sauthee motee chhutak benk aneey deshnee 15mee sauthee motee nanakiy sanstha hatee. teey jaj varshe tene yuke stheet lloyds benk dwara hastgat karvaamaa aavee hatee, jeey paachhalthi hongkong benk off keneda dwara hastgat karvaamaa aavee hatee. pegurian. peguriyanni sharuaat interpublishing limited aneey pegurian presa limited tareeke thaee hatee.jenee sthaapnaa phillip christopher ondatje dwara karvaamaa aavee hatee. 1975maan ontariyoma tenee sthaapnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee aneey 1977maan tenu naam badaline pegurian corporation limited karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. 1988 sudhimaa tenee paase 50 carode dollarthi vadhuni viveedh sampattio hatee aneey 1 abaj dollarthi vadhuni niyantrit sampatti hatee jyaare ondatje tene 1988maan hease internationalne vechee deedhi hatee aneey teey heezna upadhyaksh banyaa hataa. peguriyannu niyantran heesa bancorpna jeeka cockwell aneey varishth adper group managero dwara karvaamaa aavtu hatoo. 1993 sudhimaa, adper holdingsmaa maliki adper rokaano dwara 50.1% aneey pegurian corporation dwara 49.9% hatee. 1997maan, jeey aedparnee petakampanini petacompany tareeke sharoo thaee, tene aedparno kabajo leedho aneey tenaa bhutpurv corporate daadaa-daadinu naam apnaavyu; peguriyannu naam badaline adper group limited rakhvama aavyu. brascan. edpare torrento stheet brascan limited hastgat curry hatee.1979maan khankam, vanikaran, sharaab banaavvi aneey brazilian-aadharit shaktee aneey parivahannaa hitomaa vaividhyasabhar heeto dharaavati vyaapak reete sanchaalit holding kampani. aaa sampadan 1978maan shaantithi sharoo thayu hatoo aneey toonk samayma pratikool takeover bunny gayoo hatoo, jenaa parinaame aakhare 1979maan kerenaa bancorpany malikini 50.1% brascan. march, 1979maan, adper rokanoae adper equity limitednee rachnaa curry. brascannu niyantran athavaa maliki praapt karvaanaa hetu maate, adper rokaano 66 takaa aneey petino, aena.vee. netherlandnaa adper sheromaa 34 takaa hisso dharaave chhe. aashre 5 takaani praarambhik khareedi pachhi, edpare american stock exchangema khareedini vyavastha kareene beey divasnaa samaygalama teno hisso vadhaarine 31 takaa karyo, jeey tyaan brascan soochibaddh naa hovaa chhataa, exchangeno aaj sudheeno sauthee moto vyavhaar chhe. edpare nivedno bahaar paadya hataa keey teey brascan parr kabajo karvaano prayaas curry rahyu nathee. rakshanatmak chaal tareeke, braskne aef maate 1.12 abaj dollarni boleeni jaaherat curry hatee.doubleu. woolworth kampani keey jene sakhat aneey jaaherma veerodh karyo hato. us securities kayadana katheet ullanghanne kaarane aedparne tenaa 5 takaathi vadhu sherno upyog karvaathi atkavto pratibandhaatmak aadesh us district courtma braskanne malyo hato. pratibandhno aadesh door thayaa pachhi, juuna 1979maan, edpare tenee maliki vadhaarvaa maate navee bollie bahaar paadee. braskne samarthanma nivedan bahaar paadyu aneey adper tenee malikine 50.1% sudhee vadharvama safal rahyu. tyarbad, ontario securities kamishne torrento stock exchange (jaim keey brascan) parr soochibaddh companyona takeoverne tenaa neeyamoni viruddh anya adhikarkshetroma pann haath dharvaamaa aave teey maate tenaa niyamomaa sudhaaro karyo, jaim keey amex parr adper dwara brascannu aghoshit takeover. aakhare brascannu adper saathe vilinikaran thayu aneey 2000thee teey brookfield esset management tareeke jaanitu chhe. 1982maan, noranda ink. kenedana sauthee motaa kaagad utpaadak, vancuver stheet mcmillan bloadel limited pasethi 49.8% khareedvama aavee.teey 1993maan $623maan 793 dollarmaa vechai hatee. trilon nanakiy. 1982maan, trilon nanakiy nigamni rachnaa brascan limitednee petacompany tareeke karvaamaa aavee hatee. aevaa samaye jyaare niyantranone nabud karvaathi nanakiy companyone navaa bajaroma praveshvani aneey london jeevan veema kampani aneey royal trust companyne hastgat karvaanee manjuri malee hatee, jeey bannemaa brascan nondhpaatra laghumati hoddaao parr hataa. tenaa pratham chh maheenama, trilon kenedani chhaththi sauthee motee nanakiy sanstha bunny gaee, jeey maatra paanch motee kenediyan benko pachhi hatee. teey leasing aneey videshi bajaroma pann vistaryu hatoo. 2007maan, reachman bhaioae 13 takaa vyaaj melavyu hatoo. tenu vistaran aevu thayu keey 1990 sudhimaa teey kenedani sauthee motee chhutak vaividhyasabhar nanakiy sevaao aaptee kampani hatee aneey 1996maan tenee aavak 6.2 abaj dollar hatee. 2002maan tenu naam badaline brascan financial rakhvama aavyu hatoo. 1983maan trillone kenedani sauthee motee trust companyo aneey geero pradataomathi aek, torrento stheet royal trust companyno 42 takaa hisso khareedhyo hato. tenee retain trust kamgiri 1993maan royal benk off kenedaane vechvaamaa aavee hatee. baakinaa loko gentra ink bunny gayaa. aneey pachhi brookfield offices properties. 1982 aneey 1983nee vachche, trillone kenedani sauthee motee meelkat aneey jeevan veema companyomani aek, torrento stheet london jeevan veema companyno 98 takaa hisso hastgat karyo hato. vaarso. adper aneey tenee petacompanyoma bronfman bhaioni bhagidari 1995maan samaapt thaee, parantu motabhagni companyoae chaalu raakhi. adper saamrajyni trana mukhya holding companyo - adper, hease, pegurian-1990 aneey 2000naa daaykaani sharuaatmaa brascan dwara kabaje karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. jeeka cockwell aneey traver ightne brascan aneey tenee petacompanyone khoob jaj saral corporate malkhama punargathan karyoo, jemaa trana mukhya vibhago hataah real estate (trizeconmathi), power (brascanmathi) aneey nanakiy sevaao (agau trillon). trillon mukhyatve brascanni nanakiy shaakha tareeke sevaa aapvaanu chaalu raakhyu aneey 2002maan, braskne trillonnaa baakinaa shero kabaje karyaa jeey tenee paase pahelethee jaj naa hataa. 2002maan, braskne potaanu naam badaline brookfield esset management raakhyu. 2006maan, trizec properties ink. aneey tenaa kenediyan sanlagn trizec keneda ink. brookfield properties corporation saathe bhalee gayoo. (agau kernaa) 8.9 abaj dollarnaa mulyanaa sodaamaa.

adder nivesh edper nivesh limitted. 1959 aur 1995 key beach bhaaiyon edward bronfman aur peater bronfman key liye praathamik holding company aur nivesh vaahan thaa. 1980 key dashak mein apane charam parr, aur 1990 key dashak kii shuruat mein, edper kanada mein sabse badey corporate samoohon mein seey ack thaa, joe 500 seey adhik niji aur saarvajanik roop seey vyaapaar karane vaali companiyon koo ack jatil sanrachana mein niyantrit kartaa thaa, joe 100 arab dollar kii anumaanit thee, 100,000 seey adhik kanadai logon koo niyojit kartaa thaa, aur jisamen torrento stock exchange key kull poonjikaran kaa 15 pratishat shamil thaa. edper, jiska naam torrento sthit dou bhaaiyon key naamon kaa ack mishran haye, koo shuru mein seegram company limitted mein unake hiton seey praapt aaya seey vittaposhit kiya gayaa thaa. montrial-adharit shakha mein unake chachere bhaaiyon key mukhya niveshon kaa prabandhan unaki apani holding company, kemp nivesh key madhyam seey kiya gayaa thaa. itihas. edper kii sthaapana 1959 mein hui thee, jisamen lagbhag 15 million americi dollar kii aaya unake aadhe sheyaron seey seegram mein thee, jinhen parivaar kii montrial shakha dwara bechane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone niyantran banaae rakhaa thaa. agale chaar dashakon mein, edper ack hii company mein sheyaron kii parivarik holding seey kanada kii kuchh sabse badee companiyon mein corporate adhigrahan key liye pratishtha key saath ack vishal samooh mein vikasit huaa. neeche ack ruprekha dee gaee haih sanrachana. adder nivesh limitted kaa swaamitva. bhaaiyon edward aur peater key vyaktigat nyaason dwara aayojit kiya gayaa thaa. isaki sanrachana 1989 key baad badal gaee, lekin isake astitva key adhikansh samay key liye yeh pratyek bhaai key niji nyaason key swaamitva mein thaa. adder corporate samrajya apane swaamitva aur niyantran key jatil jaal key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa joe sheersh star seey vistaarit thaa. isaki sangathanaatmak sanrachana koo "bahut, bahut jatil" aur "chakkar aaney" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen jatil lekhankan aur jatil ranneetiyon aur corporate sanrachanaon kaa saavdhaanipoorvak upayog kiya gayaa thaa, kanada key apekshaakrit shithil pratibhooti kaanoonon, curr kaanoonon aur prakateekaran aavashyaktaon parr poonjikrit kiya gayaa thaa, jisake parinamswarup iska teji seey vikas ack atyadhik jatil, aapas mein buney hue companiyon aur cross-onership key pyramid samrajya mein huaa. edper niyantrit thaa lekin kaee companiyon kaa malik naheen thaa. niji roop seey aayojit adder ack saarvajanik company mein ack niyantran hissedari kaa malik hoe sakata haye joe ack anya saarvajanik company mein ack niyantran hissedari rakhta haye joe apane swayam key dhana kaa adhik upayog kiye binaa, ack aur saarvajanik company mein ack niyantran hissedari rakhta haye. upayog kii jaane vaali anya ranneetiyaan ack mool company kii sahayak company dwara cross-onership aur aanshik swaamitva aur saarvajanik niveshakon key liye pratibandhit yaa gair-matdan sheyaron kaa udaar upayog aur andaruni sootron key liye super-woating share they. inn cheezon ney edper samrajya koo apane paise kaa adhik upayog kiye binaa arabon dollar jutaane mein saksham banaaya. assie key dashak key uchhaal key dauran, bronfman seey judee companiyon ney kanada mein kissy aur kii tulanaa mein adhik pratibhootiyaan jaari keen aur equity mein $30 billion seey adhik jutaaye. dou bhaaiyon key alawa, joe edper aur isaki kaee sahayak companiyon key prabandhan mein bhaari roop seey shamil they, dou anya purush they jinhone edper samooh key teji seey vistaar aur prabandhan mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhaaih 1960 key dashak mein bronfman dwara niyukt accountant jack cockwell joe baad mein hess international/bancorp, edper equity aur edper nivesh kaa netritva karate they; aur traver eyeton, ack corporate vakeel joe brascan limitted kaa netritva karate they. edper key adhigrahan key baad. rinn aur patan. 1989 mein isake charam key baad, kaee karakon ney 1990 key dashak kii shuruat mein edper key samrajya key lagbhag patan kaa kaaran baneh ack badee aarthik mandee, olympia aur york patan, vaanijyik achal sampatti mein mandee jisane pramukh parisampattiyon key rajaswa aur mulyankan donon koo prabhaavit kiya, leveraged financing aur jatil swaamitva sanrachanaon kii jaanch mein vriddhi hui. rajaswa key liye, adder corporate sanrachana rinn daayitvon koo puuraa karane key liye sahayak companiyon seey unaki mool companiyon koo labhansh bhugtan parr bahut adhik nirbhar thee. yeh anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa kii unakaa bhugtan-anupaat phir seey torrento stock exchange parr sheersh 35 companiyon key ausat seey aadhaa badaa thaa. kuchh bronfman companiyon ney aaya mein darj kii tulanaa mein labhansh mein adhik bhugtan kiya. ids1 mein apane vyaapak nuksan koo puuraa karane key liye, edper companiyon ney kewal 20 maheenon mein share muddon, parisampatti bikri aur rinn vittaposhan key madhyam seey 9 arab dollar seey adhik kii raashi jutai. 1993 kii shuruat taka, edper ney kewal farwari mein hii $1.96 billion kii parisampattiyon koo bechana shuru curr diyaa. edper kaa bajar poonjikaran 1989 aur 1993 key beach 90 pratishat cumm hoe gayaa. sankraman. peater koo niyantran mein rahane kii anumati dete hue companiyon seey khud koo nikaalane kaa ack tarika pradaan karane key liye, samooh key liye naee mukhya holding company key roop mein edper udyamon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa aur 1989 mein janata koo share jaari kiye gaye. adhikansh swaamitva edper holdings dwara banaae rakhaa gayaa thaa, joe taba taka edper nivesh (peater) dwara swaamitva mein thaa aur 49.9% pagurian nigam dwara, joe badale mein jack cockwell key netritva vaale ack samooh dwara niyantrit thaa. peater bronfman key saath sanrachit saajhedaari key saavdhaanipoorvak upayog aur nakadi pravaah key niyantran seey, jack cockwell ney prabhaav mein adder parr kabja curr liya. pramukh holdings. edper key kaee companiyon mein pratyaksh aur apratyaksh swaamitva hita they. neeche apane corporate samrajya key liye sabse badey aur sabse mahatvapurna kii soochi dee gaee haye. carrena bancorp. 1971 mein, kanadai akhaada company (carrena) koo molson parivaar seey placement rondell lte, ("puck investments ltd") dwara 15 million dollar mein kharida gayaa thaa."angreji mein), bronfman bhaaiyon key netritva mein maalikon kaa ack sangh. carrena rashtriya hockey leag montrial kanadian kii malik thee, joe montrial forum kii prabandhak thee, jisamen sampatti mein bell center aur gillet manoranjan samooh shamil they. 1978 mein, kanadai team koo 20 million dollar mein molson bruaries koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa. bronfman swaamitva key tahat carrena ney trizec nigam sahit apani sampatti vikas holdings kaa vistaar kiya. 1978 mein, carrena bancorp holdings ink. iska gathan kiya gayaa thaa, yeh baad mein carrena vikas limitted bunn gayaa., aur 1996 mein brookfield sampattiyan. trizec key adhigrahan key baad, carrena ney apani achal sampatti kaa aakramak roop seey vistaar kiya. 1989 mein, carrena ney olympia aur york kii vishva vittiya sampatti kaa ack tihai adhigrahan kiya.pee.vishva vyaapaar kendra seey satey newyork shahar key vishva vittiya kendra key malik, lekin bhaari rinn aur karyalaya bajar key patan key kaaran sangharsh curr rahey they. edper key vittiya samarthan key saath, 1990 key dashak kii shuruat mein mandee key dauran carrena kaa vistaar huaa. oh aind vaaee 1992 mein dhwast hoe gayaa, aur chaar saal baad kamjor company diwaliyapan seey ubhari, jisamen carrena (brookfield properties corporation key roop mein) key paas 47 pratishat hissedari thee. trizec. 1970 mein, bronfman bhaaiyon koo torrento sthit trizec corporation limitted key board mein laaya gayaa thaa.kanada key sabse badey sampatti vikaskartaon mein seey ack, aur 9 pratishat hissedari dee gaee. trizec kaa gathan montrial key pratishthit sthaan wille mairi key nirmaan key liye kiya gayaa thaa aur baad mein bee. see. ee. ink. kii vikas shakha kaa niyantran hassil curr liya. (bell kanada key mool), bee. see. ee. sthaan key malik aur arabon dollar kii sampatti. 1976 mein, carrena ney 25 pratishat equity byaaj aur trizec kaa prabhaavi matdan niyantran hassil kiya; baad mein 1970 key dashak mein holding koo badhaakar 50.1% curr diyaa gayaa. 1974 mein kanada dwara videshi nivesh koo viniyamit karane key liye videshi nivesh sameeksha agency banaane key baad, ack videshi swaamitva vaali company (britten key eagle beema kii abhee bhee trizec mein bahumat hissedari thee) key liye bhavishya mein nivesh dhana jutaane kii kshamata key baare mein chintaaen paida huin. 1975 mein, edper key saath ack samjhauta kiya gayaa thaa joe trizec mein ack niyantrit ruchi key saath eagle starr koo chhod dega, jabaki prabhaavi niyantran ack naee brofman-niyantrit holding company, carrena sampattiyon mein chalaa jaayega. 1976 taka, bronfman ney trizec kaa niyantran leey liya aur mukhya karyalaya koo kailgari mein sthanantarit curr diyaa. 1979 taka, trizec kii parisampattiyon kaa moolya $1 billion seey adhik hoe gayaa. usee varsh olympic aur york, dutch real estate company nv beggingsmotschpies wareldhave aur eagle starr beema (jise angreji sampatti mein bhaari nivesh kiya gayaa thaa) key beach yuke-adharit angreji sampatti key liye ack bolly yuddh vikasit huaa. trizec mein apana swaamitva hassil karane key baare mein chintit, bronfman olympic aur york key reachman bhaaiyon key saath ack samjhaute parr aae taaki unaki sampatti vikas chintaon, kanada key dou sabse badey key beach bhavishya kii pratispardha seey bachaa jaa sakey. taba laine-daine kiye gaye jisake parinamswarup edper aur oh aind vaaee donon kii trizec mein 37 pratishat hissedari thee. 1980 mein, trizec ney us-adharit ernest doubleu kaa adhigrahan kiya. haahah ink.'trizec kii sampatti koo 2 arab dollar taka badhaate hue, aur trizec kaa naam badalkar trizecon curr diyaa gayaa. dou saal baad trizec kii parisampattiyon kaa moolya 4 arab dollar thaa. 1990 taka, vaanijyik achal sampatti mein mandee teevra hoe gaee aur trizecon aur olympia aur york donon rinn key saath sangharsh curr rahey they. 1994 mein trizec mein poonji key baahari nivesh key baad, edper kii hissedari koo nammatra kii raashi taka cumm curr diyaa gayaa thaa. mahaan jheel samooh. grate lakes group, ack uttari-ontario sthit bijli utpaadak aur vitarak, ack holding company mein badalane seey pahale brascan key swaamitva mein thaa. 1984 taka, brascan key paas company kaa 49 pratishat hissa thaa aur ise royal trustco, trylan financial aur brascan mein holding key saath vittiya viniyaman kaa laabh uthaane key liye ack dalali company mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa. 1990 taka, unhone 35 pratishat hissedari aur 11 pratishat hissedari hassil curr lii thee. company koo baad mein brascan power naam diyaa gayaa, joe kanada key sabse badey bijli utpadakon mein seey ack haye. vartamaan mein iska naam brookfield akshay haye. yeh bancorp haye. unhone 1975 mein rashtriya hease udyam limitted key roop mein shuruat kii, 1983 mein apana naam badalkar hease antarrashtriya nigam curr diyaa, aur hease antarrashtriya bancorp ink curr diyaa. 1988 mein merchant baink hease international bancorp ney 1980 key dashak key anta mein "brascan key liye tantrika kendra" key roop mein kaary kiya. hess jack cockwell ack pramukh rannitikar they, jinhone saarvajanik roop seey karobar karane vaali kaee farmon mein bronfman kaa paisa lagaaya aur mahatvapurna yaa niyantrit byaaj praapt kiya. 1996 mein edper samooh limitted banaane key liye dou companiyon key vilay seey pahale, edper samooh key paas 39 pratishat hissedari thee. badale mein unake paas kuchh unheen companiyon mein badee hissedari thee joe edper kii anya holdings mein thee. unhone edper kii pratyaksh bhagidari key binaa companiyon kaa bhee adhigrahan kiya, jisamen nimnalikhit shamil hainh 1981 mein, kanada kaa torrento-adharit mahadvipiya baink banaaya gayaa thaa, jisamen hease antarrashtriya share kaa sabse badaa block thaa. 1986 taka, baink kanada kaa chhathaa sabse badaa khudra baink aur desh kaa 15vaan sabse badaa vittiya sansthaan thaa. usee varsh ise britten sthit lloyd baink dwara adhigrahit kiya gayaa thaa, jise baad mein kanada key hangkang baink dwara adhigrahit kiya gayaa thaa. pagurian. pagurian ney seemit aur pagurian press limitted key antarveshan key roop mein shuruat kii.jisaki sthaapana phillip christopher ondatze ney kii thee. ise 1975 mein ontario mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa, aur 1977 mein iska naam badalkar pagurian corporation limitted curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 1988 taka isaki 500 million dollar seey adhik kii vividh sampatti thee aur 1 billion dollar seey adhik kii niyantrit sampatti thee jaba 1988 mein ondatze ney ise hease international koo betch diyaa, aur vaha hease key upaadhyaksh bunn gaye. pagurian koo hess bancorp key jack cockwell aur varishth edper samooh prabandhakon dwara niyantrit kiya jaataa thaa. 1993 taka, adder holdings mein swaamitva adder nivesh dwara 50.1% aur pagurian nigam dwara 49.9% thaa. 1997 mein, joe edper kii sahayak company kii sahayak company key roop mein shuru hui, usane edper koo apane haath mein leey liya aur apane poorv corporate daadaa-daadi kaa naam apanaaya; pagurian kaa naam badalkar edper group limitted curr diyaa gayaa. brascan. edper ney torrento-adharit brascan limitted kaa adhigrahan kiya.1979 mein khanan, vaniki, sharaab banaane aur brazil-adharit bijli aur parivahan hiton mein vividh hiton key saath ack vyaapak roop seey aayojit holding company. adhigrahan 1978 mein chupchaap shuru huaa, aur jald hii ack shatrutapurna adhigrahan bunn gayaa jisake parinamswarup antatah 1979 mein carrena bancorp key paas brascan kaa swaamitva 50.1% thaa. march, 1979 mein, edper niveshon ney edper equity limitted kaa nirmaan kiya. brascan key niyantran yaa swaamitva key adhigrahan key uddeshya seey, edper nivesh key saath 66 pratishat aur petino, aine.vee. neatherlands kaa 34 pratishat edper equity. lagbhag 5 pratishat kii praarambhik khareed key baad, edper ney americi stock exchange parr kharidari kii vyavastha karke dou dinn kii avadhi mein apani hissedari koo 31 pratishat taka badhaa diyaa, joe kii abb taka kaa exchange kaa sabse badaa lenden haye, bhale hii vahaan brascan soochibaddh naa hoe. edper ney bayaan jaari curr kahaa kii yeh brascan key adhigrahan kaa prayaas naheen curr rhaa thaa. rakshaatmak chaalon key roop mein, brascan ney aff key liye 1.12 arab dollar kii bolly kii ghoshana kii.doubleu. unwarth company jiska dridhata seey aur saarvajanik roop seey virodh kiya gayaa. brascan koo americi jilaa adalat mein ack pratibandh adesh praapt huaa, jisamen americi pratibhooti kaanoonon key kathit ullanghan key kaaran edper koo apane sheyaron key 5 pratishat seey adhik kaa upayog karane seey rokaa gayaa. pratibandh adesh hataae jaane key baad, juuna 1979 mein, edper ney apane swaamitva koo badhaane key liye ack naee bolly jaari kii. brascan ney samarthan mein ack bayaan jaari kiya aur edper apane swaamitva koo 50.1% taka badhaane mein safal rhaa. baad mein, ontario pratibhooti aayog ney torrento stock exchange (jaise kii brascan) mein soochibaddh companiyon key adhigrahan koo rokane key liye apane niyamon mein sanshodhan kiya, joe anya adhikaar kshetron mein bhee isake niyamon key khilaf aayojit kiya jaa rhaa haye, jaise kii adder key amex parr brascan kaa aghoshit adhigrahan. antatah brascan kaa edper key saath vilay hoe gayaa aur 2000 seey ise brookfield parisampatti prabandhan key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. 1982 mein, noranda ink. kanada key sabse badey kagaj utpaadak, vancouver-adharit mcmillan bloadel limitted seey kharida gayaa.ise 1993 mein $623 mein becha gayaa thaa. trilon vittiya. 1982 mein, trylan vittiya nigam koo brascan limitted kii sahayak company key roop mein banaaya gayaa thaa. ack aise samay mein jaba viniyaman ney vittiya companiyon koo nae baajaron mein pravesh karane aur landan jeevan beema company aur shaahi trust company kaa adhigrahan karane kii anumati dee, donon mein seey brascan ney paryaapt alpasankhyak padon parr kabja curr liya thaa. apane pahale chhah maheenon key bheetar, trylan kanada kaa chhathaa sabse badaa vittiya sansthaan bunn gayaa, kewal paanch badey kanadai bainkon key baad. iska vistaar patte parr dene aur videshi baajaron mein bhee huaa. 2007 mein, reachman bhaaiyon ney 13 pratishat byaaj praapt kiya. iska vistaar iss tarah huaa kii 1990 taka yeh kanada mein sabse badee khudra vividh vittiya seva company thee aur 1996 mein iska rajaswa 6.2 arab dollar thaa. 2002 mein, iska naam badalkar brascan financial curr diyaa gayaa. 1983 mein trylan ney torrento sthit royal trust company kaa 42 pratishat kharida, joe kanada kii sabse badee trust companiyon aur bandhak pradaataon mein seey ack haye. isake retain trust sanchaalan koo 1993 mein kanada key shaahi baink koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa. shesh loga gentra ink bunn gaye. aur baad mein brookfield karyalaya sampattiyan. 1982 aur 1983 key beach, trylan ney torrento sthit landan jeevan beema company kaa 98 pratishat adhigrahan kiya, joe kanada kii sabse badee sampatti aur jeevan beema companiyon mein seey ack haye. viraasat. adder aur isaki sahayak companiyon mein bronfman bhaaiyon kii bhagidari 1995 mein samaapt hoe gaee, lekin adhikansh companiyon ney jaari rakhaa. edper samrajya kii teen pramukh holding companiyan - edper, hease, pagurian-1990 aur 2000 key dashak kii shuruat mein brascan dwara sabhi parr kabja curr liya gayaa thaa. jack cockwell aur traver eyeton ney brascan aur isaki sahayak companiyon koo ack bahut hii saral corporate sanrachana mein punargathit kiya, jisamen teen mukhya vibhaag hainh achal sampatti (trizecon seey), bijli (brascan seey), aur vittiya sevaaen (poorv mein trillon). trylan ney kaafee hudd taka brascan kii vittiya shakha key roop mein kaam karna jaari rakhaa aur 2002 mein, brascan ney trylan key shesh sheyaron koo apane kabje mein leey liya joe pahale seey hii usake paas naheen they. 2002 mein, brascan ney apana naam badalkar brookfield parisampatti prabandhan curr liya. 2006 mein, trizec guna ink. aur isake kanadai sambaddh trizec kanada ink. brookfield properties corp key saath vilay. (poorv mein carrena) ack saude mein jiska moolya 8.9 arab dollar thaa.

edper hoodikegalu edper investments limited. 1959 mattu 1995rahra naduve edward branfman mattu peater branfman sahodararige idu praathamika hiduvali kampani mattu hoodike vaahanavaagittu. 1980rahra dasakadalli mattu 1990rahra dashakada aarambhadalli, kenadaada atidodda corporate samuhagalalli ondaagidda edper, edper hecchu khasagi mattu saarvajanikavaagi vyapara maaduva kampanigalannu 100 shatakoti dollar moulyada sankeerna rachaneyalli niyantrisuttittu, niyantrisuttittu hecchu kenadiyannarige udyoga niiduttittu mattu toronto stock exchange naa ottu bandavaalada 15 pratishatavannu olagondittu. toronto moolada ibbaru sahodarara hesarugala samyojaneyaada edper emba hesarina ee samsthege aarambhadalli seagram kampani limitednalli avara hitasaktigalinda baruva aadaayadinda hanakasu odagisalaaguttittu. montrial moolada shakheyalli avara sodarasambandhigala mukhya hoodikegalannu avara swanta hiduvali kampani, semp hoodikegala moolaka nirvahisalaaguttittu. itihaasa. edper annu 1959 ralli sthaapisalaayitu, seegraamgalallina avara ardhadashtu sherugalinda sumaru $15 million aadaayavannu avaru kutumbada montrial shakheyinda marata maadalu ottaayisalaayitu, avaru niyantranavannu ulisikondaru. mundina naalku dasakagalalli, edper onde kampaniyallina sherugala kutumbada hiduvaliyinda kenadaada kelavu dodda kampanigalalli corporate swadhinakke khyatiyannu hondiruva vishaalavaada samoohavaagi beleyitu. ee kelaginante ondu kaalarekheyannu niidalaagideh rachane. edper hoodikegala malikatvavannu limited. edward mattu peater sahodarara vaiyaktika trustgalu idannu hondiddavu. 1989rahra nantara adara rachaneyu badalaayitu, aadare adara astitvada bahupalu idu prati sahodarana khasagi trustgala odetanadallittu. edper corporate saamraajyavu melmattadinda vistarisida malikatva mattu niyantranada sankeerna jalakke hesaruvaasiyaagide. adara samsthika rachaneyannu jatila lekkapatra nirvahane mattu sankeerna kaaryatantragalu mattu samsthika ranchanegala echcharikeyinda balasuva moolaka "bahala, bahala sankeerna" mattu "digbhramegolisuva" endu vivarisalaagide, kenadaada tulanaatmakavaagi sadilavaada bhadrata kaanunugalu, terige kaanunugalu mattu bahirangapadisuvikeya avashyakategalannu bandavaala maadikollalaagide, idu adara tvarita belavanigege kaaranavaayitu, idu atyanta sankirnavaada, paraspara heneda kampanigalu mattu adda-malikatvada pyramid saamraajyavaagide. edper niyantrisuttiddanu aadare aneka kampanigalannu hondiralilla. khasagi svaamyada edper ondu saarvajanika kampaniyalli niyantraka palannu hondabahudu, adhu tanna swanta hanavannu hecchu balasade, mattondu saarvajanika kampaniyalli niyantraka palannu hondiruttade. moola kampaniya angasamstheya adda-malikatva mattu bhagashah malikatva mattu saarvajanika hoodikedaararige nirbandhita athawa matadaana maadada sherugala udaara balake mattu olaginavarige suuper-woating sherugalu itara tantragalaagiddavu. ivugalu edper saamrajyakke tanna swanta hanavannu hecchu balasade shatakoti dollargalannu sangrahisalu anuvu maadikottavu. embhattara dashakada utkarshada samayadalli, bramfman-samparkita kampanigalu kenadaadalli bere ellariginta hecchu bhadrata patragalannu needitu mattu $30 shatakotiginta hecchina sherugalannu sangrahisidavu. edper mattu adara aneka angasamsthegala nirvahaneyalli hecchu todagisikondidda ibbaru sahodarara jotege, edper groupna tvarita vistarane mattu nirvahaneyalli pramukha patra vahisida innoo ibbaru vyaktigaliddaruh 1960rahra dasakadalli bramfmangalu nemisikonda lekkaparishodhaka jack cockwell, nantara hease international/bancorp, edper eekvitigalu mattu edper hoodikegala mukhyastharagiddaru; mattu brascan limited naa mukhyastharaagidda corporate vakilaraada trever aitan. edpern swadhinada nantara. saala mattu kusita. vistarisitu adara uttungadallidda nantara, 1990rahra dashakada aarambhadalli edpern saamraajyada patanakke kaaranavaada halavaaru amshagalu seriveh pramukha arthika hinjarita, olympic mattu yark kusita, pramukha svattugala aadaaya mattu moulyamaapana eradara meloo parinama beerida vanijya real estatinallina kusita, hatotiya hanakasu mattu sankeerna malikatvada ranchanegala hecchina parisheelane. adayakkagi, edper corporate rachaneyu saalada kattupaadugalannu puraisalu angasamsthegalinda tamma moola kampanigalige labhamsha pavatigalannu hecchu avalambisittu. avara pavati anupaatavu toronto stock exchangenallina agra 35 kampanigala sarasariginta ardhadashtu doddadagide endu andaajisalaagide. kelavu bramfman kampanigalu tamma aadayadalli nondayisiddakkinta hecchu laabhaamshavannu pavatisidavu. tamma nashtavannu saridoogisalu, edper kampanigalu kevala 20 tingalalli sheru samasyegalu, aasti marata mattu saalada hanakasu moolaka 9 shatakoti daalargaliginta hecchu hanavannu sangrahisidavu. 1993rahra aarambhada velege, edper phebravari wandaralle gamanarhavagi $1.96 shatakoti moulyada aastigalannu marata maadalu praarambhisidaru. edpern marukatte bandavaalavu 1989 mattu 1993rahra naduve shekada shekada kadimeyaayitu. parivartane. peater niyantranadalli uliyalu avakasha maadikoduvudarondige kampanigalinda tannannu taanu horategeyuva maargavannu edwardge odagisuva saluvaagi, edper udyamagalannu gumpina hosa mukhya hiduvali kampaniyagi rachisalaayitu mattu 1989 ralli saarvajanikarige sherugalannu vitarisalaayitu. bahupalu malikatvavannu edper hiduvaligalu ulisikondiddavu, adhu ashtaralli edper hoodikegalu (peater) mattu pagurian kaarporeshangala 50.1% odetanadallittu, idu jack cockwell netrutvada gumpininda niyantrisalpaduttittu. peater branfman avarondige rachanaatmaka paludarikegalannu echcharikeyinda balasuvudara moolaka mattu nagadu harivina niyantranada moolaka, jack cockwell parinamakariyagi edparnannu vahisikondaru. pramukha hiduvaligalu. edper halavaaru kampanigalalli nera mattu paroksa malikatvada hitasaktigalannu hondiddaru. adara samsthika saamraajyada atidodda mattu atyanta mahatvada pattiyannu kelage nidalaagide. kerena bancorp. bancorp, kenadaada arena kampaniyannu (kerena) molson kutumbadinda 15 million dollarge placements randell lte (puck investments limited) khareedisitu."inglishnalli), bramfman sahodarara netrutvadalli malikara okkoota. karena avaru national hockey leigh montrial kenadiansna maalikaraagiddaru, avaru montrial foramna vevasthaapakaraagiddaru, bell center mattu gillet manaranjana gumpannu olagondidda aastigalannu hondiddaru. svaadhinavu, kenadian tandavannu 20 dasalaksha daalargalige mulson madya tayarika ghatakagalige marata maadalaayitu. bramfman malikatvada adiyalli, carrena tanna aasti abhivruddhi hiduvaligalannu trijec corporation seridante vistarisitu. svaadhinavu, karena bancorp holdings ink. idu roopugonditu, nantara idu kerena development limited aayitu., mattu 1996rahra brookfield aastigalalli. trijec annu swadhinapadisikonda nantara, kerena tanna real estate hiduvaligalannu akramanakariyagi vistarisitu. vistarisitu, kerana olympic mattu yarkna vishwa hanakasu aastiya moorane ondu bhagavannu swadhinapadisikonditu.pii.vishwa vyapara kendrada pakkadalliruva newyork nagarada vishwa hanakasu kendrada maalikaraagidda avaru, bhaaree saalada mattu kusiyuttiruva kacheri marukatteya sankashtadalliddaru. edpern arthika bembaladondige, 1990rahra dashakada aarambhada arthika hinjaritada samayadalli kerena vistarisitu. oo & vaii vaii kusiyitu, mattu naalku varshagala nantara durbalagonda kampaniyu diwalitanadinda horahommitu, carrena (brookfield properties corporation aagi) shekada shekada palannu hondittu. trijec. trijec, bramfman sahodararannu toronto moolada trijec corporation limited mandalige karetaralaayitu.kenadaada atidodda aasti abhivardhakaralli obbaraada avaru, 9 pratishatadashtu eekviti palannu niididaru. montriyaln saampradaayika sthalavaada ville meriyannu nirmisalu trijec annu rachisalaayitu mattu nantara bce inkna abhivruddhi vibhagada niyantranavannu padedukonditu. (bell kenadaada poshaka), bii. sii. ii. sthalada malikaru mattu shatakoti dollar moulyada aasti. aasti, carrena 25 pratishatadashtu eekviti buddy mattu trijechna parinamakari matadaanada niyantranavannu padedukonditu; nantara 1970rahra dasakadalli hiduvaliyannu 50.1% ge hechchisalaayitu. hechchisalaayitu kenadaavu videshi hoodikeyannu niyantrisalu videshi hoodike parishilanaa samstheyannu rachisida nantara, videshi odetanada kampanige bhavishyada hoodike hanavannu sangrahisuva saamarthyada bagge kalavalagalu huttikondavu (britton haddu vime innoo trijechnalli bahupalu palannu hondittu). idannu, edparnondige ondu oppandavannu maadikollalaayitu, adhu haddu nakshatravannu trijechnalli niyantrisuva asaktiyondige biduttade, aadare parinamakari niyantranavu hosa brofman-niyantrita hiduvali kampani, kerena aastigalige hoguttade. 1976rahra hottige, bramfmangalu trijechna niyantranavannu vahisikondaru mattu pradhana kacheriyannu calgarige sthalaantarisidaru. 1979rahra hottige, trijechna aastigala moulyavu $1 shatakotiyannu meeride. adhe varsha olympic mattu newyork, dutch real estate kampani envi beleggingsmatshpies wereldheave mattu eegal starr insurance (inglish aastiyalli hecchu hoodike maadalaagittu) naduve yuke moolada inglish aastigaagi bidding yuddhavu beleyitu. trijechnalli tamma malikatvavannu bhadrapadisikolluva bagge chintitaragidda bramfmangalu, olympia mattu yarkna reachman sahodararondige oppandakke bandaru, kenadaada eradu atidodda aasti abhivruddhi kalajigala naduvina bhavishyada spardheyannu tappisalu. nantara vahivaatugalannu kaigollalaayitu, idara parinaamavaagi edper mattu oo & vaii eradoo trijechnalli samaanavaada 37 pratishatadashtu palannu hondiddavu. hondiddavu, trijec yuu. ess. moolada ernest doubleu annu swadhinapadisikonditu. hahn ink.'trijechna shopping centerna hitasaktigalu, trijechna aastigalannu $2 shatakotige hechchisidavu mattu trijec annu trigehan endu marunamakarana maadalaayitu. eradu varshagala nantara trijechna aastigala moulya $4 shatakoti aagittu. 1990rahra hottige, vanijya real estatenallina arthika hinjaritavu tivravaayitu mattu trijhekan mattu olympic mattu yark eradoo saaladinda balaluttiddavu. balaluttiddavu trijekge bandavaalavannu horagininda tumbisida nantara, edpern palannu naamamaatrada mottakke ilisalaayitu. grate lakes gumpu. uttara-ontario moolada vidyut utpaadaka mattu vitarakaraada grate lakes group, brascan hiduvali kampaniyagi parivartanegolluva modalu adara odetanadallittu. 1984rahra hottige, brascan kampaniya shekada shekada palannu hondittu mattu raayal trustco, trillon financial mattu braskangalallina hiduvaligalondige arthika niyantranavannu tegeduhaakuva laabhavannu padeyalu adannu dallali kampaniyagi parivartisalaayitu. 1990rahra hottige, hease shekada shekada mattu trillon shekada shekada palannu swadhinapadisikondittu. ee kampanige nantara kenadaada atidodda vidyut utpaadakagalalli ondaada brascan power endu hesarisalaayitu. prastuta idannu brookfield navikarisabahudaada endu hesarisalaagide. hea bancorp. hease idannu national hease enterprises limited aagi praarambhavaayitu, maadalaayitu adara hesarannu hease international corporation endu badalaayisitu mattu hease international bancorp ink endu badalaayisitu. mattu merchant bank hease international bancorp 1980rahra dashakada koneyalli "braskange narah kendravagi" kaaryanirvahisitu. heesna jack cockwell obba pramukha kaaryatantragaaraagiddaru, saarvajanikavaagi vyapara maaduva halavaaru samsthegalalli bramfman hanavannu hoodike maadidaru mattu gamanarha athawa niyantrita aasaktiyannu galisidaru. mattu edper group limited annu rachisalu eradu kampanigalu vileenagolluva modalu, edper group 39 pratishatadashtu hiditavannu hondittu. edpern itara hiduvaligalanteye adhe kelavu kampanigalalli dodda sherugalannu hondiddaru. edpern nera olagolluvikeyillade ee kelaginavugalannu olagondante kampanigalannu saha hease swadhinapadisikondanuh swadhinapadisikondanuh, toronto moolada continental bank off kenadaavannu rachisalaayitu, hease international atidodda sherugala samoohavannu hondittu. 1986rahra hottige, bank kenadaada 6neey atidodda chillare bank mattu deshada 15neey atidodda hanakasu samstheyaagittu. adhe varsha idannu yuke moolada lloyds bank swadhinapadisikonditu, nantara adannu hankang bank off kenada swadhinapadisikonditu. pagurian. pagurian annu inter publishing limited mattu pagurian press limited endu praarambhisalaayitu.idannu phillip christopher ondatje sthaapisidaru. idannu idannu ontaariyodalli sthaapisalaayitu mattu mattu adara hesarannu pagurian corporation limited endu badalaayisalaayitu. 1988rahra hottige idu 500 dasalaksha dollar moulyada vaividhyamaya aastigalannu hondittu mattu mattu ondatje adannu hease internationalge marata madidaga 1 shatakoti dollar moulyada niyantrita aastigalannu hondittu mattu heesna upaadhyaksharaadaru. pagurian annu hease bancorpn jack cockwell mattu hiriya edper group myaanejargalu niyantrisuttiddaru. 1993rahra hottige, edper hiduvaligalallina malikatvavu edper hoodikegalinda 50.1% mattu pagurian nigamadinda 49.9% aagittu. aagittu, edperson angasamstheyondara angasamstheyagi praarambhavaada idu, edparnannu swadhinapadisikonditu mattu adara hindina corporate ajja-ajjiya hesarannu alavadisikonditu; pagurian annu edper group limited endu marunamakarana maadalaayitu. brascan. edper toronto moolada brascan limited annu swadhinapadisikonditu.ganigaarike, aranyashaastra, tayaarike mattu brazilian moolada vidyut mattu saarige hitasaktigalalli vaividhyamaya asaktigalannu hondiruva vyapaka hiduvali kampaniyaada antimavagi ee svaadhinavu svaadhinavu saddillade praarambhavaayitu mattu shighradalle pratikoola svaadhinavaayitu, idu antimavagi antimavagi kerena bancorp braskannannu hondiddakke kaaranavaayitu. 1979rahra marchnalli, edper hoodikegalu edper eekvitigalannu limited annu rachisidavu. brascan niyantrana athawa malikatvavannu padeyuva uddeshakkagi, edper hoodikegalu shekada shekada mattu patino, enn.vii. netherlandsnalli edper sherugala shekada shekada. sumaru 5 pratishatadashtu arambhika kharidiya nantara, edper eradu dinagala avadhiyalli tanna palannu 31 pratishatakke hechchisitu, idu american stock exchangenalli khareedigalannu vyavasthegolisitu, idu brascan annu allie patti maadadiddaroo, exchangena illiyavaregina atidodda vahivaataagide. edper avaru brascan annu swadhinapadisikollalu prayatnisuttilla endu helikegalannu niididaru. rakshanaatmaka kramagalaagi, brascan eff ge $1.12 shatakoti bid ghoshisitu.doubleu. wool worth kampaniyu balavagi mattu saarvajanikavaagi virodhisitu. americada bhadrata kaanunugala ullanganeya aaropadindaagi edper tanna shekada shekada hecchu sherugalannu svadhinapadisikolluvanu tadeyuva nirbandhada aadeshavannu america samyukta samsthaanada jilla nyaayaalayadalli brascan sweekarisitu. nirbandhada aadeshavannu tegeduhaakida nantara, zoon 1979 ralli, edper tanna malikatvavannu hechhisalu hosa bid annu horadisitu. brascan bembalavagi ondu helikeyannu needitu mattu edper tanna malikatvavannu 50.1% ge hechchisuvalli yashasviyaayitu. taruvaaya, toronto stock exchangenalli (brascan nantaha) patti maadalaada kampanigala swadhinavannu adara niyamagala viruddhavaagi itara nyaayavyaaptigalalliyu saha nadesuvudannu tadeyalu ontario securities aayogavu tanna niyamagalannu tiddupadi maaditu, udaaharanege amexnalli braskannannu edper aghoshitavagi swadhinapadisikondaddu. antimavagi brascan edparnondige vileenagonditu mattu 2000 rinda idannu brookfield aasti nirvahane endu kareyalaaguttade. hanakasu, naranda ink. kenadaada atidodda kaagada utpaadaka, vancouver moolada mcmillan bledel limitedninda limitedninda annu khareediside.idu khareediside.idu maaraatavaayitu. karyacharanegalannu 1993ralli maaraatavaayitu. trillon hanakasu. hanakasu, trillon hanakasu nigamavannu brascan limited naa angasamstheyagi rachisalaayitu. niyantranavannu tegeduhaakuvikeyu hanakasu kampanigalige hosa maarukattegalannu praveshisalu mattu london jeeva vima kampani mattu raayal trust kampaniyannu swadhinapadisikollalu avakasha madikotta samayadalli, iveradoo gananeeya alpamatada sthaanagalannu hondiddavu. adara modala aaru tingalalli, trilon kenadaada aarane atidodda hanakasu samstheyaagi horahommitu, kevala aidu dodda kenadian byankugala nantara. idu guttige mattu videshi marukattegaligoo vistarisitu. vistarisitu, reachman sahodararu shekada shekada baddiyannu padedaru. idu eshtu vistarisideyendare, 1990rahra hottige idu kenadaada atidodda chillare vaividhyamaya hanakasu sevegala kampaniyagittu mattu mattu $6.2 shatakoti aadaayavannu hondittu. vahisikonditu, idannu brascan financial endu marunamakarana maadalaayitu. maadalaayitu trilon kenadaada atidodda trust kampanigalu mattu adamana pooraikedaararalli ondaada toronto moolada raayal trust kampaniya shekada shekada khareedisitu. adara trust karyacharanegalannu karyacharanegalannu raayal bank off kenadakke marata maadalaayitu. ulidavu gentra ink aayitu. mattu nantara brookfield kacheria aastigalu. 1982 mattu 1983rahra naduve, kenadaada atidodda aasti mattu jeeva vima kampanigalalli ondaada toronto moolada london jeeva vima kampaniya 98 pratishatavannu trilon swadhinapadisikonditu. parampare. edper mattu adara angasamsthegalalli bramfman sahodarara bhagavahisuvikeyu bhagavahisuvikeyu konegonditu, aadare hecchina kampanigalu munduvareyitu. edper saamraajyada mooru pramukha hiduvali kampanigalu - edper, hease, pagurian-ivellavannoo 1990rahra dasakadalli mattu 2000dha dashakada aarambhadalli brascan vashapadisikonditu. jack cockwell mattu trever aitan avaru brascan mattu adara angasamsthegalannu mooru mukhya vibhagagalondige hecchu saralavaada samsthika rachaneyaagi marusanghatisidaruh real estate (traijhekaanninda), power (braskanninda), mattu hanakasu sevegalu (hinde trillon). trillon brascan arthika angavagi hechchaagi seve sallisuttale ittu mattu vahisikonditu, brascan taanu eegaagale hondirada trillon ulida sherugalannu vahisikonditu. vahisikonditu, brascan tannannu taanu brookfield aasti nirvahane endu marunamakarana maadikonditu. maadikonditu, trijec properties ink. mattu adara kenadian angasamstheyaada trijec kenada ink. brookfield properties kaarpnondige vileenagonditu. (hinde kerena) yuu. ess. $8.9 shatakoti moulyada oppandadalli.

eddu paar nikshepangal edper investments limittad. 1959num 1995num idayil edward bronfman, peettar bronfman sahodaranmaarude praadhamika holding kambaniyum nikshepa vaahanavumaayirunnu. 1980kalilum 1990kaludeyum thudakkathil athinte ettavum uyarnna samayat, kaanadayile ettavum valia korpparettu kambanikalilonnaaya edper, 100 bilyan dollar moolyamulla sankeernamaaya ghadanayil 500 ladhikam swakaarya, parasyamaayi vyapaaram nadathunna kambanikale niyanthrikkukayum 100,000 ladhikam kaanadakkaarkk jolie nalkukayum torrento stokku ekschenchinte motham mooladhanathinte 15 sathamaanam ulkkollukayum cheythu. torrento aasthaanamaayulla rund sahodaranmaarude perukalude samyojanamaaya edparinu thudakkathil seegram kambani limittadile avarude thalpparyangalil ninnulla varumanam upayogichaanu dhanasahayam nalkiyathu. montriyal aasthaanamaayulla branchile avarude kasinsinte pradhana nikshepangal avarude swantham holding kambaniyaaya semp nikshepangaliloodeyaanu kaikaaryam cheythath. charithram. 1959ll sthaapithamaaya edper, avarude seegraamukalile pakuthiyolam oharikalil ninnulla ekadesham 15 dasalaksham dollar varumaanathode, niyanthranam nilanirtthiya kudumbatthinte montriyal branch avaa wilkan nirbandhithamaayi. thudarnnulla naalu pathittaandukalil, orotta kambaniyile oharikalude kudumba udamasthathayil ninnu kaanadayile chila valia kambanikalil korpparettu ettedukkalukalude prashasthiyulla oru valia kambaniyaayi edper valarnnu. oru rooparekha timeline chuvade ghadana. edper investments limittadinte udamasthaavakaasham. edward, peettar sahodaranmaarude swakaarya trasttukalkku keezhilaayirunnu ithu. 1989 nuu sesham athinte ghadana maari, pakshe athinte nilanilppinte bhooribhaagavum oro sahodaranteyum swakaarya trasttukalude udamasthathayilaayirunnu. edder korpparettu saamrajyam athinte udamasthaavakaashathinteyum niyanthranathinteyum sankeernamaaya shringalaykku perukettathaanu, athu mukalile nirayil ninnu vyaapichu. sankeernamaaya accounting, sankeernamaaya thanthrangal, korpparettu gadanakal ennivayude shradhaapoorvvam upayogikkunnathiloode athinte samghadanaa ghadanaye "valare, valare sankeernavum" "chanjalavumaanennu visheshippichu, kaanadayude thaarathamyena ayanja securitykal niyamangal, nikuthi niyamangal, velippeduthal aavasyakathakal ennivayil ninnu edper mooladhanam nedi, ithu athivegam valarchaykku kaaranamaayi, parasparam neytha kambanikaludeyum cross-udamasthathayudeyum valare sankeernavum pyramid saamraajyamaayi. edper niyanthrichirunnuvenku niravadhi kambanikal svanthamaakkiyirunnil. swakaarya udamasthathayilulla eddarinu oru pothu kambaniyil oru niyanthrana ohari swanthamaakkaan kazhiyum, athu mattoru pothu kambaniyil niyanthrana ohari kaivasham vaykkum, athu swantham panatthinte bhooribhaagavum upayogikkaathe mattonnil niyanthrana ohari kaivasham vaykkum. oru maathru kambaniyude anubandha sthaapanathinte cross-udamasthathayum bhagika udamasthaavakaashavum, pothu nikshepakarkku niyanthrithamo vottucheyyaathatho aaya oharikalude udaaramaaya upayogavum akathullavarkku suuppar votting oharikalum aayirunnu mattu thanthrangal. swantham panam adhikam upayogikkaathe kodikkanakkinu dollar samaharikkaan iva edder saamraajyathe praapthamakki. enpathukalude kuthichuchaattatthil, bronfman connectucheytha kambanikal kaanadayile mattaarekkaalum kooduthal securitykal nalkukayum 30 bilyan dollariladhikam ikvitti samaharikkukayum cheythu. eddarinteyum athinte anubandha sthaapanangaludeyum maanejmentil valareyadhikam earppettirunna rund sahodaranmaarkku purame, edder grouppinte drutha vipuleekaranathilum maanejmentilum pradhana punk vahicha mattu rund purushanmaarum undaayirunnu 1960 kalil bronfmanmaar niyamicha akkoundant jacq cockwell, pinneedu hease internaashanal/bancorp, edder ekvittikal, edder investmentukal ennivaykku neethrthwam nalki; koodaathe brascan limittadinte thalavanaaya korpparettu abhibhashakanaaya trever ittan. edparinte ettedukkaline thudarnnu. kadavum thakarchayum. 1989leeii athinte ettavum uyarnna nilaykk sesham, 1990kalude thudakkathil eddarinte saamraajyathinte thakarchaykku kaaranamaaya niravadhi gadakangal oru valia saambathika maandyam, olimbiya, york thakarcha, pradhana aasthikalude varumaanatheyum moolyanirnnayatheyum baadhicha vaanijya riyal estettile maandyam, liverage cheytha dhanasahaayathinteyum sankeernamaaya udamasthaavakaasha gadanakaludeyum vardhicha parisodhana. varumanathinaayi, edder korpparettu ghadana kadabadhyathakal niravettunnathinaayi subsidiarykalil ninnu avarude maathru kambanikalkkulla labhavihita paymentukale valareyadhikam aashrayichu. avarude payment-outtu anupatham torrento stokku ekschenchile mikacha 35 kambanikalude sharaashariyude pakuthiyaanennu kanakkakkappettu. chila bronfman kambanikal varumaanathil rajisttar cheythathinekkaal kooduthal laabhavihithamaan nalkiyathu. avarude vardhichuvarunna nashtam nikathunnathinaayi, edper kambanikal ohari prasnangal, asattu vilppana, dettu financing ennivayiloode verum 20 maasathinullil 9 bilyan dollariladhikam samaaharichu. 1993-nte thudakkathil, februvariyil maathram edder 19.6 bilyan dollar moolyamulla asthikal wilkan thudangi. 1989num 1993num idayil edparinte vipani mooladhanam 90 sathamaanam kuranju. parivartthanam. peettarine niyanthranatthil thudaraan anuvadikkumbol kambanikalil ninnu svayam verpeduthaanulla oru maargam edwardinu nalkunnathinaayi, grouppinte puthiya pradhana holding kambaniyaayi edper enterprises srishtikkappedukayum 1989 ll pothujanagalkk oharikal nalkukayum cheythu. bhooribhaagam udamasthaavakaashavum edder holdingukal nilanirtthi, appozhekkum edder investment (peettar) yude udamasthathayilulla 50.1% umm jacq kokkvellinte neethrthwathilulla oru grouppinte niyanthranatthilulla pagurian korppareshante udamasthathayilulla 49.9% umm aayirunnu. peettar bronfmanumaayulla gadanaaparamaaya pankaalittham shradhaapoorvvam upayogikkunnathiloodeyum panatthinte ozhukk niyanthrikkunnathiloode jacq cockwell phalatthil edder etteduthu. pradhana kaivashangal. niravadhi kambanikalil eddarinu nerittum allatheyum udamasthaavakaasha thaalpparyangalundaayirunnu. athinte korpparettu saamraajyathile ettavum valuthum praadhaanyamullathumaaya oru pattika chuvadeyundu. kerana bancorp. 1971ll, canadian areena kambani (carrena) molson kudumbatthil ninnu 15 dasalaksham dollarinu placementukal rondelle elte ("puck investments eltidi") vaangi."engleeshil), bronfman sahodaranmaarude neethrthwathilulla udamakalude oru kansorshyam. bell sentarum gillatt entertainment group ulppedunna swathukkalulla montriyal foratthinte manejaraaya montriyal canadians enna deseeya hockey leaginte udamayaayirunnu carrena. 1978ll canadance teamine 20 dasalaksham dollarinu molson brewerykalkku vittu. bronfman udamasthaavakaashathinu keezhil trissec korppareshan ulppedeyulla property development holdingukal vipuleekarichu. 1978ll, carrena bancorp holdings ink. roopeekarikkappetta ithu pinneedu carrena developments limittad aayi maari., 1996-ll brookfield propertykalum. trisec ettedutha sesham, kerena athinte riyal estettu holdingukal aakramanaathmakamaayi vipuleekarichu. 1989ll olimbiyayudeyum yorkkinteyum loka saambathika swathinte moonnilonnu carrena swanthamaakki.pii.waled trade sentarinaduthulla newyork nagaratthile waled financial sentarinte udama, ennaal kanatha kadathinum oafees maarkkat thakarunnathinum budhimuttukayaayirunnu. eddarinte saambathika pinthunayode 1990 kalude thudakkathil maandyakaalathu carrena vikasichu. 1992ll oo & vaii thakarnnu, naalu varshathinu sesham, 47 sathamaanam ohari kaivashamulla carrena (brookfield properties korppareshan enna nilayil) paapparatthatthil ninnu pinmari. trisec. 1970ll bronfman sahodaranmaare torrento aasthaanamaayulla trisec korppareshan limittadinte bordilekku konduvannu.kaanadayile ettavum valia property developermaaril oralaaya avarkk 9 sathamaanam ohari vihitam nalki. montriyalinte ikkanik plays ville maari nirmmikkunnathinayi trisec roopeekarikkukayum pinneedu bce incorporationte vikasana vibhaagathinte niyanthranam nedukayum cheythu. (bell kaanadayude rakshakarthaavu), bce placinteyum shathakodikkanakkin dollar moolyamulla swathinteyum udama. 1976ll, carrena 25 sathamaanam ohari palishayum trisekkinte phalapradamaaya votting niyanthranavum nedi; 1970kalil pinneedu eee ohari <aii. dii. 1> aayi uyarthi. 1974ll videsha nikshepam niyantrikkunnathinaayi canada videsha nikshepa avalokana ejansi srishtichathinushesham, oru videsha udamasthathayilulla kambanikku bhaaviyile nikshepa panam swaroopikkaanulla kazhivinekkurichu aashankakal uyarnnu (brittanile eegil insurance ippozhum trisekkil bhooripaksham oharikal vahichirunnu). 1975-ll, edpparumaayi oru karaarilethi, athu eegil staarinu trisekkil niyantritha thaalpparyamundaakkum, athesamayam phalapradamaaya niyanthranam oru puthiya brofman niyantritha holding kambaniyaaya kerana propertykalilekku maarum. 1976 aayappozhekkum bronfmans trisekkinte niyanthranam ettedukkukayum head oafees kaalgariyilekk maattukayum cheythu. 1979 aayappozhekkum trisekkinte aasthikalude moolyam oru bilyan dollar kavinju. athe varsham thanne olimbiyayum york, dutch riyal estettu kambaniyaaya envi beleggingsmetship vereldhe, eegil staar insurance (engleesh propertyil valareyadhikam nikshepicha) enniva thammil yuke aasthaanamaayulla engleesh properticaayi oru lela yuddham vikasichu. trisekkil thangalude udamasthaavakaasham surakshithamaakkunnathil ashankaakularaaya bronfmanmaar olimbiyayudeyum yorkkinteyum reachman sahodaranmaarumaayi avarude swath vikasana aashankakal thammilulla bhaavi malsaram ozhivakkaan oru karaarilethi, kaanadayile ettavum valia rund. pinneedu edapaadukal nadathukayum athinte falamaayi eddarinum oo & vaikkum trisekkil thulyamaaya 37 sathamaanam ohariyundaakukayum cheythu. 1980ll trissec us aasthaanamaayulla ernest dablyu swanthamaakki. hahn ink.'trisekkinte asthikal 2 bilyan dollarayi uyarthukayum trisekkine traishekhaan ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyukayum cheythukondu shopping sentarinte thalpparyangal. rund varshathinu sesham trisekkinte aasthikalude moolyam 4 bilyan dolaraayirunnu. 1990 aayappozhekkum vaanijya riyal estettile maandyam rookshamaakukayum trishecan olimbiyayum york kadam sahikkaan paadupedukayum cheythu. 1994ll trisekkilekku baahyamaayi mooladhanam nalkiyathinetthudarnnu, eddarinte ohari naamamaathramaaya thukayayi kuranju. valia thadaakangalude samgham. vadakkan ontaariyo aasthaanamaayulla electric power nirmmathaavum vitharanakkarumaaya grettu lakes group oru holding kambaniyaayi maarunnathin munbu braaskaante udamasthathayilaayirunnu. 1984 aayappozhekkum brascan kambaniyude 49 sathamaanam udamasthathayilaavukayum royal trastko, triloon financial, brascan ennivayile oharikal upayogichu saambathika niyanthranam ozhivaakkunnath prayojanappeduthunnathi oru brokerage kambaniyaayi maarukayum cheythu. 1990 aayappozhekkum hease 35 sathamaanavum triloon 11 sathamaanavum oharikal swanthamaakki. kaanadayile ettavum valia vaidyuthi uthppaadakangalilonnaaya brascan power ennaanu kambanikku pinneedu peru nalkiyathu. nilavil brookfield renewable ennaanu ithinu perittirikkunnath. hayee bancorp. 1975ll naashanal hease enterprises limittad enna peril aarambhicha hease 1983ll athinte peru hease internaashanal korppareshan ennum hease internaashanal bancorp ink ennum maatti. 1988ll marchant baank hease internaashanal bancorp 1980kalude avasaanathil "braaskante naadi kendramaayi" pravarthichu. heesinte jacq cockwell oru pradhana thanthranjanaayirunnu, parasyamaayi vyapaaram nadathunna niravadhi sthaapanangalil bronfman panam nikshepikkukayum kaaryamaaya allengil niyantritha palisha nedukayum cheythu. 1996ll rund kambanikalum layippichu edper group limittad roopeekarikkunnathinu munbu, edper groupinu 39 sathamaanam oharikal undaayirunnu. edpparude mattu oharikal pole athe kambanikalil chilathil valia oharikal addehathinundaayirunnu. edpparude nerittulla pankaalitthamillaathe inipparayunnava ulppede kambanikale addeham swanthamaakki 1981ll torrento aasthaanamaayulla kondinental baank oof canada roopeekarikkappettu, hease internaashanal aanu ettavum valia oharikal kaivashappeduthiyirikkunnu. 1986 aayappozhekkum baank aaraamathe valia canaden retail bankum raajyathe pathinanchaamatthe valia dhanakaarya sthaapanavumaayirunnu. athe varsham thanne ithu yuke aasthaanamaayulla lloyds baank etteduthu, pinneedu hongong baank oof canada etteduthu. pagurian. pagurian limittad, pagurian pras limittad ennivayude interpublishing aayaan pagurian aarambhichath.philipp christopher ondaatjeyaanu ithu sthaapichathu. 1975ll ontaariyoyil samyojippicha ithu 1977ll pagurian korppareshan limittad ennu peru maatti. 1988 aayappozhekkum 500 dasalaksham dollariladhikam moolyamulla vaividhyamaarnna aasthikalum 1988ll hease internaashanalinu vittappol oru bilyan dollariladhikam niyantritha aasthikalum undaayirunnu. hease baankorppinte jacq cockwell muthirnna edper group maanejarmaarum pagurian niyanthrichu. 1993 aayappozhekkum edder holdingukalile udamasthaavakaasham edder nikshepangalkku <aii. dii. 2> umm pagurian corporation <aii. dii. 1> umm aayirunnu. 1997-ll, edparinte oru anubandha sthaapanathinte anubandha sthaapanamaayi aarambhicha edper ettedukkukayum athinte muun korpparettu muthachante peru sweekarikkukayum cheythu; pagurian enna peru edper group limittad ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappettu. brascan. torrento aasthaanamaayulla brascan limittad edper etteduthu.khananam, vanavalkkaranam, madyanirmmaanam, brazilian adhishtitha oorjja, gathagatha thalpparyangal ennivayil vaividhyamaarnna thaalpparyangalulla 1979-ll vyaapakamaayi kaivasham vachirunna oru holding kambaniyaaya eee ettedukkal 1978-ll nishabdamaayi aarambikkukayum taamasiyaathe oru shathruthaaparamaaya ettedukkalaayi maarukayum aathyanthikamayi 1979-ll carrena bancorpinu brascan swanthamaakkaan kaaranamavukayum cheythu. 1979 maarchil edper nikshepangal edper ekvittikal limittad srishtichu. braaskaante niyanthranamo udamasthaavakaashamo nedunnathinaayi, edper nikshepangalkku 66 sathamaanavum paattinoykku enn.vii. netherlandsinte 34 sathamaanam edper oharikal. ekadesham 5 sathamaanam prarambha vaangalinusesham, brascan avide listt cheythittillenkilum innuvareyulla ekschenchinte ettavum valia idapaadaaya american stokku ekschenchil vaangalukal krameekarichukondu rund divasathe kaalayalavil edper athinte ohari 31 shathamaanamaayi uyarthi. brascan ettedukkaan sramikkunnillennu edper prasthavanakal purappeduvichu. prathirodha neekkangalayi, brascan eph-naayi 1.12 bilyan dollar lelam prakhyaapichu.dablyu. shakthamaayum parasyamaayum ethirtha woolworth kambani. us securities niyamangalude lamghanangal aaropich edper athinte oharikalude 5 sathamaanathil kooduthal ettedukkunnathil ninnu thadayunna oru nirodhana utharavu us jilla kodathiyil brascan labhichu. nirodhana utharavu neekkam cheythathinushesham, 1979 juunil, edder athinte udamasthaavakaasham uyarthunnathinaayi oru puthiya lelam purappeduvichu. brascan pinthunaykkunna oru prasthavana purathirakkukayum athinte udamasthaavakaasham 50.1% aayi vardhippikkunnathil edper vijayikkukayum cheythu. thudarnnu, torrento stokku ekschenchil (brascan polullava) listt cheythirikkunna kambanikal aameksil brascan edepper aprakhyapithamaayi ettedukkunnathu polulla mattu adhikaaraparidhiyilum athinte niyamangalkk virudhamaayi ettedukkunnathu thadayunnathinaayi ontaariyo securities kammeeshan athinte niyamangal bhedagathi cheythu. oduvil brascan eddarumaayi layichu, 2000 muthal brookfield asattu maanejment ennariyappedunnu. 1982ll noraanda ink. kaanadayile ettavum valia paper nirmmathaavaaya vancouver aasthaanamaayulla mcmillan bloadel limittadil ninnu 49.8% vaangi.ithu 1993ll 793 dollarinu vittu. triloon financial. 1982ll brascan limittadinte anubandha sthaapanamaayi triloon financial korppareshan roopeekarichu. niyanthranam pinvalichathu saambathika kambanikale puthiya vipanikalilekku praveshikkaanum lunden life insurance kambaniyeyum royal trastt kambaniyeyum ettedukkaanum anuvadicha oru samayat, iva randum ganyamaaya nyoonapaksha sthaanangal vahichirunnu. aadyathe aarr maasathinullil, triloon kaanadayile aaraamathe valia dhanakaarya sthaapanamaayi maari, anchu valia canaden baankukalkku pinnil. ithu leasing, videsha vipanikalilekkum vyaapichu. 2007ll, reachman sahodaranmaar 13 sathamaanam palisha nedi. 1990 aayappozhekkum kaanadayile ettavum valia retail vaividhyavalkkaricha saambathika sevana kambaniyaaya ithu vipuleekarikkappedukayum 1996 ll 6.2 bilyan dollar varumanam nedukayum cheythu. 2002ll ithine brascan financial ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. 1983ll kaanadayile ettavum valia trastt kambanikalilonnaaya torrento aasthaanamaayulla royal trastt kambaniyude 42 sathamaanavum mortgage daathaakkalilonnaaya triloon vaangi. athinte nilanirtthal trastt pravartthanangal 1993 ll royal baank oof kaanadaykk vittu. bakkiyullavar gentra ink aayi maari. pinneedu brookfield oafees propertykalum. 1982num 1983num idayil kaanadayile ettavum valia property, life insurance kambanikalilonnaaya torrento aasthaanamaayulla lunden life insurance kambaniyude 98 sathamaanavum triloon etteduthu. paarambaryamaayi. edpparilum athinte anubandha sthaapanangalilum bronfman sahodaranmaarude pankaalittham 1995ll avasaanichenkilum mikka kambanikalum thudarnnu. edper saamraajyathile moonnu pradhana holding kambanikal - edper, hease, pagurian ennivayellaam 1990kalilum 2000 kalude thudakkathilum brascan etteduthu. jacq cockwell trever aittanum brascan athinte anubandha sthaapanangaleyum valare lalithamaaya oru korpparettu gadanayaayi punasamghadippichu, moonnu pradhana vibhaagangal riyal estettu (trishecanil ninnu), power (brascanil ninnu), financial sarveesas (munbu triloon). pradhaanamaayum braaskante saambathika vibhaagamaayi pravarthicha triloon 2002-ll brascan ithinakam swanthamaakkiyittillaatha triloninte bakkiyulla oharikal etteduthu. 2002ll brascan svayam brookfield asattu maanejment ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. 2006ll, trisec properties ink. koodaathe athinte canadian affiliate trissec canada incorporate. brookfield properties korppareshanumaayi layichu. (munbu carrena) 8.9 bilyan dollar moolyamulla oru edapaadil.

edper guntavanuk edper investment limited. 1959 teey 1995 darmyan edward bronfman aanee pieter bronfman yaa bhavansathi hii prathamik malki company aanee guntavanuk vahan hotee. 1980 chya dashakat aanee 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatila, edper haah canadatil sarvat mothya corporate samoohanpaiki eka hota, jyane 500 hoon adhik khajgi aanee sarvajanik vyapar naan kampanyanvar 100 abj dollarschya guntaguntichya sanrachanet niyantran thewale, 100,000 hoon adhik canadian lokanna rojgar deela aanee toronto stock exchangechya ekoon bhandavalachya 15 takke bhagacha samavesh hota. toronto yetheel done bhavanchya navanche mishran asalelya edparla suruvatila sigram company limitedmadhil tyanchya hitsambandhanmadhun sambhagatoon utpannatun arthsahayya kele gele. montriyal-aadharit shakhetil tyanchya chulat bhavandanchya mukhya guntavanukiche vyavasthapan tyanchya swatachya malki kampanidware, camp guntavanukindware kele jaat asey. itihas. edparchi sthapana 1959 madhye karnyat aalee, jyat tyanchya sigrammadhil ardhyahun adhik sambhagatoon sambhagatoon andaje 15 dashalaksh americi dollarschee kamai tyanna kutumbachya montriyal shakhene vikanyas bhag padali, jyanni niyantran kayam thewale. pudhil chaar dashkant, edper ekach companychya sambhaganchya kautumbik malkipasoon canadachya kahee mothya companyanmadhye corporate adhigrahanasathi pratishtha asalelya eka vishal samoohat vikasit jhaala. khalee eka ruparesha kalkram aaheh rachana. edper investment limitedchi malki. edward aanee pieter yaa bhavanchya vaiyaktik vishvast mandalakade tee hotee. 1989 nantar tyachi rachana badalali, parantu tyachya astitvatil bahutansh kaal too pratyek bhavachya khajgi vishvastanchya malkicha hota. edper corporate samrajya tyachya malkichya aanee niyantranachya guntaguntichya jaalyasathi prasiddha hote, jeey varchya starapasoon vistarle hote. tyachya sanghatanatmak sanrachaneche varnan, bhoolbhulaiya lekha aanee guntaguntichya dhorane aanee corporate sanrachanancha kaljipurvak vapar karoon, canadachya tulanene shithil rokhe kayade, curr kayade aanee prakatikaran aavashyaktancha fayda ghet, jyacha parinam mhanoon tyachi vegane vaadh houn, atyant guntaguntichya, paraspar vinalelya kampanya aanee paraspar malkichya pyramidal samrajyat jhaali, asha prakare, 'atishay, atishay guntaguntichya' aanee 'chakeet' asey kele gele. edparche niyantran hote parantu anek companyanchi malki tyachyakade navhati. khajgi malkichya edarkade eka sarvajanik companyt niyantrak bhag asoo shakato, joou karata sarvajanik companyt niyantrak bhagdharak asel, joou swatachya paishancha jaast vapar naan karata karata sarvajanik companyt niyantrak bhagdharak asel. vaparleli itar dhorane mhanje, mool companychi tyachya upakampanidware asaleli paraspar malki aanee anshatah malki aanee sarvajanik guntavanukdaransathi pratibandhit kinwa matdan naan naan sambhagancha udarmatvadi vapar aanee antargat lokansathi atee-matdan sambhag. yamule edper samrajyala swatachya paishancha jaast vapar naan karata kotyavadhi dollars gola karane shakya jhaale. ainshichya dashkatil tejichya kalat, bronfmanshey jodalelya kampanyanni canadatil itar konapekshahi jaast rokhe jaaree kelee aanee 30 abj dollarspeksha jaast sambhag ubharale. edper aanee tyachya anek sahayyak companyanchya vyavasthapanat mothya pramanat sahbhagi asalelya done bhavanvyatirikt, edper samoohachya jalad vistar aanee vyavasthapanat mahattvachi bhoomika bajavanare aanakhi done purush hoteh 1960 chya dashakat bronfmanny niyukt kelele lekhapal jacq cockwell, jeey nantar hease aantarrashtriy/bancorp, edper sambhag aanee edper guntavanukiche pramukh jhaale; aanee traver eyeton, eka corporate vakeel, jeey brascan limitedche pramukh hote. edparchya adhigrahanantar. karj aanee patan. 1989 madhye tyachya shikharanantar, anek ghatak ektritpane 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatila edparchya samrajyacha jawaljawal jawaljawal ghadavun aanatatah mothee aarthik mandee, olympic aanee york kosalane, vyavsayik sthavar malmattetil mandee jyamule mahasool aanee pramukh malmatteche moolyankan yaa donhinvar parinam jhaala, labhprad vittapuravatha aanee jatil malki sanrachananchi chhanani vadhali. mahasuli utpannasathi, karj karj purn karnyasathi, eder corporate rachana tyanchya mool companyanna sahayyak kampanyankadun labhansh denyavar mothya pramanat avalambun hotee. tyancha bharana-bharana gunottar toronto stock exchangemadhil pahilya 35 companyanchya sarasaripeksha ardha itka motha asalyacha andaj vartavanyat aala hota. kahee bronfman kampanyanni kamaipeksha labhanshat jaast paise dile. dile madheel tyanche mothe nuksan bharoon kadhanyasathi, edper kampanyanni keval 20 mahinyant sambhaganche mudde, malmatta vikri aanee karj vittapuravatha yadvare 9 abj dollarspeksha jaast rakkam ubharali. 1993 chya suruvatiparyant, edparne ektya februvarimadhye $1.96 abj kimatichya malmattanchi vikri karnyas suruvat kelee. edparche bajar bhandwal 1989 teey 1993 darmyan 90 takkyanni qamee jhaale. sankraman. pieterla niyantranat rahoo dett edwardla companyanmadhun swatahla baher kadhanyacha marg pradan karnyasathi, edper entreprises samoohasathi naveen mukhya holding company mhanoon tayar karnyat aale aanee 1989 madhye janatela sambhag jaaree karnyat aale. bahutansh malki edper holdingjdware kayam thewali gelee hotee, jee toparyant edper investment (pieter) chya malkichi hotee aanee 49.9% pagurian corporation malkichi hotee, jyache niyantran jacq cockwellchya netrutvakhalil gatane kele hote. pieter bronfmansobat sanrachit bhagidaricha kaljipurvak vapar karoon aanee rokh pravahavar niyantran thevun, jacq cockwellne pratyakshat edparcha taba ghetala. pramukh malki. edparche anek companyanmadhye pratyaksh aanee apratyaksh malakiche hitsambandh hote. tyachya corporate samrajyasathi sarvat mothya aanee sarvat mahattvachya vastunchi yadee khalee dilee aahe. carrena bancorp. 1971 madhye, canadian arena company (carrena) molson kutumbakadun placement rondell litty ("puck investment lii.)" dware $15 dashalakshala kharedi karnyat aalee."ingerjit), bronfman bandhunchya netrutvakhalil malakancha eka samooh. carrena hii rashtriy hockey leag montriyal canadianchi malak hotee, montriyal manchachi vyavasthapak hotee, jyat bail center aanee gillet manoranjan gatacha samavesh asalelya malmattancha samavesh hota. 1978 madhye canadian sangh 2 kotee dollarla molson madyanirmiti karkhanyanna vikala gela. bronfman malkichya antargat carrena triazek corporations tyachya malmatta vikas malkicha vistar keela. 1978 madhye, carrena bancorp holdings ink. tyachi nirmiti jhaali, nantar tee carrena development limited bunley., aanee 1996 madhye brookfield malmatta. triazek vikat ghetalyanantar, carrena aaplya sthavar malmattechya malkicha aakramakpane vistar keela. 1989 madhye, carrena olympic aanee yorkchya jaagtik aarthik malmattecha eka trutiyansh bhag, ell.pii.jaagtik vyapar kendrala lagoon asalelya newyork shaharachya jaagtik vittiy kendrache malak, parantu teey mothya karjat aanee karyalayin bajarpeth kosalanyachya sankatat hote. edparchya aarthik pathimbyane, 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatichya mandichya kalat carrenacha vistar jhaala. oo andd vaay 1992 madhye kosalali aanee chaar varshannantar, carrena (brookfield properties corporation mhanoon) kadey 47 takke hissa asalyane, mandavaleli company diwalkhoritun baher aalee. trijaik. 1970 madhye, bronfman bandhunna toronto sthit triazek corporation limitedchya mandalavar aananyat aale.canadachya sarvat mothya malmatta vikaskanpaiki eka asalelya companyla 9 takke sambhag denyat aala aahe. montrielche pratishthit thikan veele merrie bandhanyasathi triazekchi sthapana karnyat aalee hotee aanee nantar bii. see. eae. aay. see. chya vikas shakhevar niyantran midavale. (bail canadache palak), bii. see. eae. places aanee kotyavadhi dollars kimatichya malmatteche malak. 1976 madhye, carrena yanni 25 takke sambhag vyaj aanee triazekche prabhavi matdan niyantran midavale; nantar 1970 chya dashakat malki 50.1% paryant vadhavanyat aalee. 1974 madhye canadane parkeey guntavanukiche niyaman karnyasathi parkeey guntavanuk punaravalokan sanstha sthapan kelyanantar, parkeey malkichya companysathi bhavishyatil guntavanukiche paise ubharanyachya kshamatebaddal chinta nirman jhaali (brittonchya eagle vimyacha ajunahi triazekmadhye bahusankhya hissa hota). 1975 madhye, edparshi eka karar jhaala jyamule garud taryala triazekmadhye niyantrit swarasya raheel, tarr prabhavi niyantran naveen brofman-niyantrit holding kampanikade jaeel, carrena malmatta. 1976 paryant, bronfmanny trizekcha taba ghetala aanee mukhya karyalay kalgarikade halavale. 1979 paryant triazekchya malmatteche moolya 1 abj dollarspeksha jaast jhaale. tyach varshi olympic aanee york, dutch sthavar malmatta company aine. vhee. belegingsmatschpies wareldhave aanee eagle starr vima (jee ingraji malmattet mothya pramanat guntavali gelee hotee) yanchyat britton-aadharit ingraji malmattesathi boolii yuddh vikasit jhaale. triazekmadhye tyanchi malki surakshit karnyababat chintit asalelya bronfmanny olympic aanee yorkchya richman bandhunshi karar keela jenekarun canadachya done sarvat mothya malmatta vikasachya tyanchya chintanmadhil bhavishyatil spardha talhata yeil. tyanantar vyavhar haatee ghenyat aale, jyamule edper aanee oo andd vaay yaa doghancha triazekmadhye 37 takke itka vaataa hota. 1980 madhye triazekne yuu. ess. sthit ernest doubleu. vikat ghetale. hahan ink.'triazekchi malmatta 2 abj dollarsparyant vadhavun, aanee triazekche naav badaloon triazecan asey karoon, kharedi kendrache hitsambandh. done varshannantar triazekchya malmatteche moolya 4 abj dollars itake hote. 1990 paryant, vyavsayik sthavar malmattetil mandee tivra jhaali aanee triazecan aanee olympic aanee york yaa donhi deshanna karjacha samna karava lagla. 1994 madhye trizekmadhye bahya bhandwal otalyanantar, edparcha hissa nammatra rakmeparyant qamee karnyat aala. gret lakes group. gret lakes group, haah uttar-auntario sthit vidyut urjecha utpadak aanee vitarak, brascanchya malkicha hota, tyache holding companymadhye rupantar honyapurvi. 1984 paryant, brasconkade companycha 49 takke hissa hota aanee royal trustco, trilone financial aanee brascanmadhil malkisah aarthik niyantranacha laabh ghenyasathi tyache dalali companyt rupantar karnyat aale. 1990 paryant, heesane 35 takke aanee trikoni 11 takke hissa vikat ghetala hota. companyla nantar brascan power asey naav denyat aale, jeey canadachya sarvat mothya veej utpadakanpaiki eka aahe. tyala sadhya brookfield nutanikaranaksham asey naav denyat aale aahe. heey bancorp. hease 1975 madhye national hease entreprises limited mhanoon suru jhaali, 1983 madhye tyache naav badaloon hease international corporation aanee hease international bancorp ink asey kele. 1988 madhye merchant banq hease international bancorpane 1980 chya dashakachya uttaradhat 'brascanche majjatantu kendra' mhanoon kaam kele. hesacha jacq cockwell haah eka pramukh rannitikar hota, jyane sarvajanikaritya vyapar vyapar anek companyanmadhye bronfmanche paise guntavale aanee lakshaniy kinwa niyantrit vyaj midavale. 1996 madhye edper group limited sthapan karnyasathi done companyanche vilinikaran honyapurvi, edper samoohakade 39 takke hij malki hotee. edparchya itar malkichya kampanyanpramanech tyach companyanmadhyehi tyanchi mothee hissedari hotee. tyane edparchya thet sahbhagashivay kampanya dekhil hastagat kelya, jyat khaleel goshtincha samavesh aaheh 1981 madhye, toronto-aadharit canada khandiy banq tayar karnyat aalee, jyat hease internationalkade sambhagancha sarvat motha gut hota. 1986 paryant hii banq canadachi 6 vee sarvat mothee kirkol banq aanee deshatil 15 vee sarvat mothee vittiy sanstha hotee. tyach varshi teey britainsthit lloyds bankene adhigrahit kele, jeey nantar hongkong banq auph canadane adhigrahit kele. pagurian. pagurianchi suruvat interpublishing limited aanee pagurian press limited mhanoon jhaali., jyachi sthapana phillip christopher ondatje yanni kelee hotee. 1975 madhye ontariyomadhye tyachi sthapana karnyat aalee aanee 1977 madhye tyache naav badaloon pagurian corporation limited asey karnyat aale. 1988 paryant tyachyakade 50 kotee dollarspeksha jaast kimatichi vaividhyapurn malmatta hotee aanee 1 abj dollarspeksha jaast niyantrit malmatta hotee jevha 1988 madhye ondatjene tee hees internationalla vikali aanee too hijcha upadhyaksh jhaala. hays bancorpcha jacq cockwell aanee varishtha edper gut vyavasthapakanni pagurianvar niyantran thewale hote. 1993 paryant, edper holdingsmadhil malki edper guntavanukindware 50.1% aanee pagurian corporessiondware 49.9% hotee. 1997 madhye, edparchya upakampanichi upakampani mhanoon suruvat jhalelya edparne edper tabyat ghetale aanee tyachya majee corporate aajobanche naav sweekarle; pagurianche naav badaloon edper group limited asey karnyat aale. brascan. edparne torrento sthit brascan limited vikat ghetali.1979 madhye khankam, vanikaran, madyanirmiti aanee brazilian-aadharit urja aanee vahtook hitsambandhanmadhye vaividhyapurn swarasya asaleli eka vyapak malki company. adhigrahan 1978 madhye shantpane suru jhaale aanee lavkarach eka pratikool adhigrahan banale jyacha parinam mhanoon shevati 1979 madhye carrena bancorpchya malkicha 50.1% brascan. march 1979 madhye, edper guntavanukinni edper equity limitedchi nirmiti kelee. brascanche niyantran kinwa malki midvanyachya uddeshane, edper guntavanukit 66 takke malki aanee patino, aine.vhee. netherlandschya edper sambhaganmadhye 34 takke. andaje 5 takke prarambhik kharedinantar, brascan tithe soochibaddha nasatanahi, american stock exchangevar kharedichi vyavastha karoon, done divasanchya kalavadhit edparne aapala hissa 31 takkyanparyant vadhavala, joou exchangecha aataparyantcha sarvat motha vyavhar aahe. edparne brascan tabyat ghenyacha prayatna karat nasalyache vidhane jaaree kelee. bachavatmak halchali mhanoon, braskanane eff. sathee 1.12 abj dollarschee boolii jaheer kelee.doubleu. jyane jordar aanee sarvajanikaritya virodh keela tyaa woolworth companyne. amerikechya rokhe kayadyanchya kathit ullanghanamule edparla tyachya 5 takkyanhun adhik sambhagancha vapar karnyapasoon rokhanara pratibandhatmak aadesh brascanla amerikechya jilha nyayalayat midala. nirbandh aadesh kadhoon taklyanantar, juuna 1979 madhye, edparne tyachi malki vadhavanyasathi eka naveen boolii jaaree kelee. braskanane tyachya samarthanarth nivedan jaaree kele aanee edper tyachi malki 50.1% paryant vadhavanyat yashasvi jhaala. tyanantar, auntario rokhe aayogane toronto stock exchangevar soochibaddha asalelya companyanche (jase qee brascan) adhigrahan tyachya niyamanchya virodhat itar adhikarkshetranmadhye dekhil kele jaau naye yasathi tyachya niyamanmadhye sudharana kelya, jase qee edparne ameksavar brascanche aghoshit adhigrahan kele. akheris brascan edparmadhye villin jhaale aanee 2000 pasoon brookfield malmatta vyavasthapan mhanoon olakhale jaate. 1982 madhye, noranda ink. canadachya sarvat mothya kagad utpadak, vancuver-aadharit mcmillan bloadel limitedkadun 49.8% kharedi kelee., $623 madhye. 1993 madhye too $793 madhye vikala gela. trilone aarthik. 1982 madhye, brascan limitedchi upakampani mhanoon trilone vittiy mahamandalachi sthapana karnyat aalee. asha velee jevha niyantranmuktimule vittiy companyanna naveen bajarpethanmadhye pravesh karanyachi aanee london jeevan vima company aanee royal trust company, jyaa donhimadhye brascanche lakshaniy alpasankhyak padd hote, tee midvanyachi parvanagi midali. pahilya sahaa mahinyant, trilone hii canadachya keval paach mothya bankannantar canadachi sahavi sarvat mothee vittiy sanstha bunley. tyacha patta aanee paradeshi bajarpethanmadhyehi vistar jhaala. 2007 saalee, richman bandhunni 13 takke vyaj midavale. tyacha vistar itka jhaala qee 1990 paryant tee canadatil sarvat mothee kirkol vaividhyapurn vittiy seva company hotee aanee 1996 madhye ticha mahasool $6.2 abj hota. 2002 madhye tyache naav badaloon brascan financial asey karnyat aale. 1983 madhye trilone canadachya sarvat mothya vishvast kampanya aanee gahandar pradatyanpaiki eka asalelya toronto-aadharit royal trust companycha 42 takke hissa vikat ghetala. 1993 madhye tyache retain trust operations royal banq auph canadala vikale gele. urvarit lock gentra ink banale. aanee nantar brookfield karyalay malmatta. 1982 teey 1983 darmyan, trilone canadachya sarvat mothya malmatta aanee jeevan vima kampanyanpaiki eka asalelya torrento-sthit london jeevan vima companycha 98 takke hissa vikat ghetala. varsa. edper aanee tyachya sahayyak companyanmadhil bronfman bandhuncha sahbhag 1995 madhye sampala, parantu bahutek kampanya suruch rahilya. edper samrajyachya teen pramukh malki kampanya - edper, hease, pagurian-heey serve 1990 chya dashakat aanee 2000 chya dashakachya suruvatila braskanane tabyat ghetale hote. jacq cockwell aanee traver eyeton yanni brascan aanee tyachya sahayyak companyanchi punarrachana eka atishay sopya corporate sanrachanet kelee, jyat teen mukhya vibhag hoteh sthavar malmatta (triazecan), veej (brascan) aanee vittiy seva (purvi trylan). trialanne mukhyatve brascanchi aarthik shakha mhanoon kaam karane suru thewale aanee 2002 madhye, braskanane trilanche urvarit bhag tabyat ghetale jeey tyachya malakiche navhate. 2002 madhye braskanane swatache naav badaloon brookfield malmatta vyavasthapan asey thewale. 2006 madhye, triazek properties ink. aanee tyache canadian sanlagn triazek canada ink. brookfield properties corpmadhye villin jhaale. (purvi carrena) 8.9 abj americi dollarschya kararat.

adper laganiharu adper investment limited. sann 1959 rar 1995 ko bichma bhaiharu edward bronfman rar pieter bronfmanka lagi prathamik holding company rar lagani wahn thiyo. sann 1980 ko dashakma yasako charamma, rar 1990 ko dashakko suruma, adper canadako sabaibhanda thulo corporate samuhaharu madhye ek thiyo, jasle 500 bhanda badhi niji rar sarvajanik rupma wyapar garne companyharulai ek jatil sanrachanama niyantran garthyo june $100 billion mulyako anuman garieko thiyo, 100,000 bhanda badhi canadianharulai rojgar diyo, rar toranto stock exchangeko kull punjikaranko 15 pratishat samawesh thiyo. edper, jasko naam torantoma adharit dui bhaiharuko namko mishran how, suruma sigram company limitedma uniharuko chasobata prapta aibata wittaposhit garieko thiyo. montrial-adharit shakhama uniharuka chachere bhaiharuko mukhya lagani uniharuko afnai holding company, camp laganiharu marfat wyawasthapan garieko thiyo. itihas. edper sann 1959 maa sthapit bhaeko thiyo jasma lagbhag yues $15 millionko aya uniharuko adha seyarbata sigramharuma uniharule pariwarko montrial shakhadwara bechna badhya parieka thie, jasle niyantran kayam rakhyo. pachhilla chaar dashakharuma, adper ekal companyma seyarko pariwarik swamitwabata canadaka kehi thula companyharuma corporate adhigrahanko lagi pratishtha bhaeko vishal samuhama badhyo. tall ek ruparekha samayarekha chhah sanrachana. adper lagani limitedko swamitwa. bhai edward rar pieterko wyaktigat trustdwara ayojit thiyo. yasako sanrachana 1989 pachhi pariwartan bhayo, tara yasako astitwako adhikansh samaya yo pratyek bhaiko niji trustko swamitwama thiyo. adper corporate samrajya yasako swamitwa rar niyantranko jatil jalka lagi prakhyat thiyo june shirsha starbata failieko thiyo. yasako sangathanatmak sanrachanalai "dherai, dherai jatil" rar "chanchal" ko rupma warnan garieko thiyo bhulbhulaiya lekha rar jatil rananitiharu rar corporate sanrachanaharuko sawadhanipurwak prayogko madhyambata, adperle canadako apekshakrit susta pratibhuti kanuna, curr kanunharu, rar prakatikaran awashyakataharuma punjikaran garyo jasko parinamswarup yasako tiwra vikas bhayo. adperle niyantran kabja tara dherai companyharuko swamitwa thiena. niji rupma ayojit adderle euta sarvajanik companyma niyantran garne seyarko swamitwa lyne sakchha jasle arko sarvajanik companyma niyantran garne seyar rakhchha jasle arkoma niyantran garne seyar rakhchha, yasako afnai dherai paisa prayog nagari. prayog garieka anya rananitiharu yasako sahayakdwara muel companyko cruss-swamitwa rar anshik swamitwa rar sarvajanik laganikartaharuka lagi pratibandhit wa gaira-matadan seyarharuko udar prayog rar bhitriharuka lagi super-matadan seyarharu thie. yasale adder samrajyalai afnai dherai paisa prayog nagari arabaun dollar jutauna saksham banayo. assiko dashakko uchhalko samayama, bronfman-sambandhit companyharule canadama aru kasaibhanda badhi pratibhutiharu jaari gare rar equityma $30 billion bhanda badhi jutae. adper rar yasaka dherai sahayakharuko prabandhanma dherai sanlagna dui dajubhaiharuka atirikta, adper samuhako druta wistar rar prabandhanma mukhya bhumika nirvaha garne anya dui zana purushharu thieh sann 1960 ko dashakma bronfmanharudwara niyukta accountant jack kakwel jasle pachhi hess antarrashtriya/bankerp, adper equity rar adper laganiharuko netritwa gare; rar traver iton, ek corporate wakil jasle brascon limitedko netritwa gare. edaparko adhigrahan pachhi. rina rar patan. sann 1989 maa yasako shikharpachhi, dherai karakharule sann 1990 ko dashakko suruma edperko samrajyako patanko karan baneh ek pramukh arthik mandi, olympic rar york patan, wyawasayik ghar jagga patan jasle pramukh sampattiharuko rajaswa rar mulyankan duwailai asar kabja, labhprad vittaposhan rar jatil swamitwa sanrachanaharuko jaanch badheko thiyo. rajaswaka lagi, adder corporate sanrachana rina dayitwaharu kabhar garna sahayak companyharubata uniharuko muel companyharulai labhansh bhuktanima dherai nirbhar thiyo. yo anuman garieko thiyo kii tiniharuko bhuktani-out anupata toranto stock exchangema shirsha 35 companyharuko ausatko adha thiyo. kehi bronfman companyharule afno amdanima darta gareko bhanda labhanshama badhi bhuktani gare. 1991-93 maa afno cascading ghata kabhar garna, adper companyharule kewal 20 mahinama seyar mudda, sampatti bikri rar rina wittaposhanko madhyambata $9 billion bhanda badhi uthaeka thie. sann 1993 ko prarambhama, adperle sampatti bechna thale, vishesh gari februaryma matrai $1.96 billion mulyako. sann 1989 rar 1993 ko bichma edperko bazar punjikaran 90 pratishat ghatyo. sankraman. pieterlai niyantranma rahan anumati dindai companyharubata afulai nikalne tarika pradan garna, edward udyamharu samuhaka lagi nayan mukhya holding companyko rupma sirjana gariyo rar 1989 maa janatalai seyar jaari gariyo. bahumat swamitwa adper holdingharudwara kayam rakhieko thiyo, june tyatinjel adper laganiharu (pieter) dwara 50.1% rar pagurian nigamdwara 49.9% swamitwama thiyo, june badalama jack kakawelko netritwama raheko samuhadwara niyantrit thiyo. pieter bronfmansangko sanrachit sajhedariko sawadhanipurwak prayog rar nagad prawahako niyantrandwara, jack kakawelle prabhawama ederlai kabja gare. pramukh swamitwaharu. edaparko dherai companyharuma pratyaksha rar apratyaksha swamitwa chaso thiyo. tall yasako corporate samrajyaka lagi sabaibhanda thulo rar sabaibhanda mahatwapurnako suchi chha. kerana bankerp. sann 1971 maa, canadali erena company (kerana) molson pariwarbata placement rondell litty ("puck investments ly.)" dwara $15 millionma kharid garieko thiyo."angrejima), bronfman bhaiharuko netritwama malikharuko euta sangha. kerana rashtriya hakki ligg montrial canadiensky malik thiin, montrial forumki prabandhak, jasma bayle centre rar gillet manoranjan samuha samawesh thiyo. sann 1978 maa, canadali tolilai 2 karod dollarma molson bruariharulai bechieko thiyo. bronfman swamitwa antargat keranale trijek nigamsahit afno sampatti vikas swamitwa wistar kabja. sann 1978 maa, kerana bankerp holdings ink. gathan bhaeko thiyo, yo pachhi kerana vikas limited banyo., rar 1996 brookfield sampattiharuma. trijek prapta garepachhi, keranale afno ghar jagga swamitwa akramak rupma wistar kabja. sann 1989 maa, keranale olympic rar yorkako vishwa wittiya sampatti, elko ek tihai adhigrahan gare.pee.vishwa wyapar kendrasanga jodieko newyork saharko vishwa wittiya kendraka malik tara bhari rina rar karyalaya bazar patansanga sangharsh gariraheka thie. edperko wittiya samarthanka sath, kerana 1990 ko dashakko prarambhama mandiko samayama wistar bhayo. o anned wai sann 1992 maa dhwasta bhayo, rar chaar warshapachhi kerana (brookfield properties karporesanko rupma) ko 47 pratishat seyarko swamitwama raheko kamjor company diwaliapanbata bahira ayo. trijya. sann 1970 maa bronfman bhaiharulai torantoma adharit trijek corporation limitedko boardma lyaieko thiyo., canadako sabaibhanda thulo sampatti wikaskartaharu madhye ek, rar 9 pratishat equity hissedari diieko chha. montriyalko pratishthit sthan bhile merry nirman garna trijek gathan garieko thiyo rar pachhi bisii inkako vikas shakhako niyantran prapta kabja. (bayle canadako abhibhawak), bisii place rar arabaun dollar mulyako sampattiko malik. sann 1976 maa, keranale 25 pratishat equity byaj rar trijekko prabhawkari matadan niyantran prapta kabja; sann 1970 ko dashakma pachhi yo holding badhaera 50.1% gariyo. sann 1974 maa canadale videshi lagani niyaman garna videshi lagani samiksha agency sirjana garepachhi, videshi swamitwako companyka lagi bhawishyako lagani paisa uthaune kshamatako barema chinta utpanna bhayo (belayatko igal bima ajhai pani trijekma bahumatko hissa thiyo). sann 1975 maa, edparsanga euta samjhauta bhaeko thiyo jasle igal starlai trijekma niyantrankari chasoka sath chhodnechha, jabki prabhawkari niyantran nayan brofman-niyantrit holding company, kerana sampattiharuma sarnechha. sann 1976 sammama, bronfmanharule trijekko niyantran lie rar mukhya karyalaya calgarima sario. sann 1979 sammama, trijekko sampatti mulya 1 arba dollar nagheko thiyo. sohi warsha olympic rar york, douch ghar jagga company enbhi begingsmatschipij wereldawe, rar igal starr bima (june angreji sampattima bhari lagani garieko thiyo) bitch belayatma adharit angreji sampattika lagi bolly yuddha wiksit bhayo. trijekma afno swamitwa surakshit garne barema chintit, bronfmanharu olympic rar yorkaka reichman bhaiharusanga uniharuko sampatti vikas chintaharu, canadaka dui thula bitch bhawishyako pratispardhabata bachna samjhauta gare. tyasapachhi lendenharu gariyo jasko parinamswarup edper rar o anned wai duwaiko trijekma 37 pratishat barabar hissedari thiyo. sann 1980 maa, trijekle americama adharit ernst w prapta kabja. hahan ink.'trijekko sampatti badhaera 2 billion dollarma dollarma, rar trijekko naam pariwartan gari trizecan rakhieko thiyo. dui warshapachhi trijekko sampatti 4 arba dollarko thiyo. sann 1990 sammama, wyawasayik achal sampattima mandi tiwra bhayo rar trizecon rar olympic rar york duwaile rinasanga sangharsh gare. sann 1994 maa trijekma punjiko bahiri niweshpachhi, ederko hissedari namamatra rakamma ghataieko thiyo. thula talharuko samuha. great lake samuha, uttari-ontarioma adharit bijuliko utpadak rar witarak, yasalai holding companyma rupantaran garnu aghi brasconko swamitwama thiyo. sann 1984 sammama, brasconsanga companyko 49 pratishat swamitwa thiyo rar royal trustko, trylan financial rar brasconma holdingsko sath wittiya niyantranko faida lyne yasalai brokerage companyma parinat gariyo. sann 1990 sammama, hijle 35 pratishat rar trillenle 11 pratishat seyar adhigrahan gareko thiyo. pachhi companylai brascon pawar naam diieko thiyo, june canadako sabaibhanda thulo pawar generatorharu madhye ek how. yasalai hall brookfield nawikaraniya naam diieko chha. hey bancorp. haze sann 1975 maa rashtriya haze udyam limitedko rupma suru bhayo, sann 1983 maa yasako naam pariwartan gari haze antarrashtriya nigam, rar haze antarrashtriya bankerp ink. sann 1988 maa merchant bank hess international bankerplay sann 1980 ko dashakko antyama "brasconka lagi snayu kendrako rupma" sewa kabja. hesko jack kakwel ek pramukh rannitikar thie, jasle sarvajanik rupma wyapar hune dherai companyharuma bronfmanko paisa lagani gare rar mahatwapurna wa niyantran garne chaso prapta gare. sann 1996 maa adper group limited gathan garna dui companyharu vilaya hunuaghi, adper samuhako 39 pratishat hijko swamitwa thiyo. unle edperko anya holdingharu jastai kehi companyharuma thulo seyarholdingharu swamitwa gare. unle edaparko pratyaksha sanlagnata bina companyharu pani adhigrahan gare, nimna sahitah sann 1981 maa torantoma adharit continental bank aff canadako sthapana bhaeko thiyo, jasma hiss internationalle seyarko sabaibhanda thulo block rakheko thiyo. sann 1986 sammama, yo bank 6 aun thulo canadali khudra bank rar deshko 15 aun thulo wittiya sanstha thiyo. tyahi warsha yasalai belayatma adharit lloydes bankley adhigrahan gareko thiyo jaslai pachhi hangkang bank aff canadale adhigrahan gareko thiyo. pagurian. paguriyanko suruwat interpublising limited rar pagurian press limitedko rupma bhayo., jasko sthapana phillip christopher ondatjedwara garieko thiyo. yo sann 1975 maa ontarioma samawesh garieko thiyo, rar sann 1977 maa yasako naam pariwartan gari pagurian corporation limitedma pariwartan gariyo. sann 1988 sammama yasama 50 karod dalarbhanda badhi mulyako vividh sampatti thiyo rar sann 1988 maa ondatjele yasalai hess internationallai bechepachhi 1 arba dalarbhanda badhiko niyantrit sampatti thiyo, rar hesko upadhyaksha bane. paguriyanlai hess bankerpko jack kakwel rar warishtha adper samuha prabandhakharule niyantran gareka thie. sann 1993 sammama, adder holdingharuma swamitwa adder laganiharudwara 50.1% rar pagurian nigamdwara 49.9% thiyo. sann 1997 maa, edaparko sahayak companyko sahayakko rupma suru bhaeko, adperle afno kabja leo rar yasako purva corporate hajurbubako naam apanae; paguriyanlai adper group limited naam diiyo. brascon. adperle torantoma adharit brascon limitedko adhigrahan gare.sann 1979 maa khanan, waniki, peya, rar brazilian-adharit shakti rar yatayat chasoma vividh chaso bhaeko ek wyapak rupma ayojit holding company, adhigrahan sann 1978 maa chupchap suru bhayo, rar chaandai shatrutapurna adhigrahan bhayo jasko parinamswarup antatah sann 1979 maa kerana bankerpko swamitwama brasconko 50.1% thiyo. march, 1979 maa, adder laganiharule adder equity limited sirjana gare. brasconko niyantran wa swamitwa prapta garne uddeshyaka lagi, adper laganisanga 66 pratishat rar patino, enn.wee. netherlandsko edper equityko 34 pratishat. lagbhag 5 pratishatko prarambhik kharidpachhi, adperle brascon tyahan suchibadha nabhae pani, americi stock exchangema kharidko wyawastha garera dui dinko awadhima afno hissedari badhaera 31 pratishatma pratishatma. adperle bayan jaari gardai yasale brasconlai adhigrahan garne prayas gariraheko chhaina bhani batae. rakshatmak chalka rupma, brasconle efka lagi 1.12 arba dollarko bolly ghoshana garyo.w. ulworth company jasle kada rar sarvajanik rupma virodh kabja. brasconle americi zilla adalatma ek pratibandhatmak adesh prapta garyo jasle edaparlai americi pratibhuti kanunko kathit ullanghanka karan yasako 5 pratishat bhanda badhi seyar prayog garnabata rokeko thiyo. pratibandha adesh hataieko pachhi, june 1979 maa, adperle yasako swamitwa badhauna nayan bolly jaari garyo. brasconle samarthanma ek bayan jaari garyo rar adder yasako swamitwalai 50.1% maa badhauna safal bhayo. pachhi, ontario pratibhuti ayogle toranto stock exchangema suchibadha companyharuko adhigrahan roknaka lagi yasako niyamharu sanshodhan garyo (jastai brascon) yasako niyamharu viruddha anya kshetradhikarharuma pani sanchalan bhairaheko chha, jastai ederko amexma brasconko aghoshit adhigrahan. antatah brascon edparsanga merge bhayo rar sann 2000 dekhi brookfield sampatti wyawasthapanko rupma chininchha. sann 1982 maa, noranda ink. canadako sabaibhanda thulo kagaj utpadak, bhyankuwar-adharit mcmillan bloadel limitedbata 49.8% kharid gariyo., $623 maa. yo 1993 maa $793 maa bechieko thiyo. trilon wittiya. sann 1982 maa, trylan wittiya nigam brascon limitedko sahayakko rupma sirjana garieko thiyo. yasto samayama jab niyantranwichedle wittiya companyharulai nayan bajarma prawesh garna rar london jiwan bima company rar royal trust company adhigrahan garna anumati diyo, june duwaile brasconlai paryapta alpasankhyak padaharu rakheka thie. yasako pahilo chha mahinabhitra, trylan canadako chhaitaun thulo wittiya sanstha banyo, kewal thula paanch canadali bankharu pachhi. yasale patta rar videshi bajarma pani wistar kabja. sann 2010 maa, richman bhaiharule 13 pratishat byaj prapta gare. yasako wistar yasto bhayo kii sann 1990 sammama yo canadako sabaibhanda thulo khudra vividh wittiya sewa company thiyo rar sann 1996 maa yasako rajaswa $6.2 billion thiyo. sann 2002 maa, yasalai brascon financial naam diiyo. sann 1983 maa trilenle torantoma adharit royal trust companyko 42 pratishat kineko thiyo, june canadako sabaibhanda thulo trust company rar dhito pradayakharu madhye ek how. yasako retain trust aparesanharu sann 1993 maa royal bank aff canadama bechieko thiyo. baanki janitra ink bhayo. rar pachhi brookfield karyalaya sampattiharu. sann 1982 rar 1983 ko bichma, trilenle torantoma adharit london jiwan bima companyko 98 pratishat adhigrahan kabja, june canadako sabaibhanda thulo sampatti rar jiwan bima companyharu madhye ek how. virasata. sann 1995 maa edper rar yasaka sahayak companyharuma bronfman bhaiharuko sahabhagita samapta bhayo, tara adhikansh companyharu jaari rahe. adper samrajyaka tinn pramukh holding companyharu - edper, hiz, pagurian-sabailai brasconle 1990 rar 2000 ko dashakko suruma kabja gareko thiyo. jack kakwel rar traver aitanle brascon rar yasaka sahayakharulai dherai saral corporate sanrachanama punargathan gare, tinn mukhya vibhajanharuh ghar jagga (trijecanbata), pawar (brasconbata), rar wittiya sewaharu (pahile trillen). trilenle brasconko wittiya shakhako rupma sewa garna jaari rakhyo rar 2002 maa, brasconle trilenko baanki seyarharu kabja kabja june yasako pahile nai swamitwama thiena. sann 2002 maa brasconle afulai brookfield sampatti wyawasthapanko naam diyo. sann 2006 maa, trijek properties ink. rar yasako canadali sambadha trijek canada ink. brookfield properties corporesionsanga vilaya bhayo. (pahile kerana) yues $8.9 billion mulyako samjhautama.

edpar nibesh edper investment limited. limited। 1995 masiha madhyare bhai edward bronfman ebong pieter branfamyanka paain ehaa prathamika holding company ebong nibesh bahn thila. 1980 dashakare ebong 1990 dashkar prarambhare ehara shikharare, edper kanadara sarbabruhata corporate company madhyaru gotie thila, eka jatila dhanchare 500 ru adhika gharoi ebong sarbajaneena banijya companyku nijantrana karuthila jaahaa $100 billion mulyara bolly akalana karajaithila, 100,000 ru adhika canadian nijukta hoithile, ebong torranto stock exchanger mote punjira 15 pratishata gathan karithile . edper, jahara naama duiti torranto-bhittika bhainka namara mishran, prathame sigram company limited ray semanankara swartharu aaja sahita artha pradan karajaithila . montreal-aadharita shakhare semanankara samparkeeah bhaimananka mukhya nibesh semanankara nijaswa holding company, semp nibesh madhyamare parichalita heuthila . itihas. 1959 masihare edper pratistha karajaithila, jeunthire praiah 15 nijuta americae dollar aaja hoithila, jaahaa semane niz paribarara montreal shakha dwara bikri karibaku badhya hoithile, jeunmane nijantrana bajaiah rakhithile. parabarti chaari dashandhi madhyare, edapar gotie companyre sejarara eka paribarika holdingru kanadara keteka sarbabruhata companyre corporate adhigrahan paain eka sunam sahita eka bishala gostheere brudhi paila . nimnare eka ruparekha samai saaranee diajaichhih dhancha. edper investment limiteder malikana. bhai edward ebong pitaranka byaktigata trust dwara parichalita hoithila . 1989 masiha parey ehara dhancha badaligala, kintu ehara adhikansha astitwa paain ehaa pratyeka bhainka byaktigata trust malikanare thila . edper corporate samrajya ehara jatila malikana ebong nijantrana web paain janashuna thila jaahaa shirsha stararu prasarita hoithila . ehara sangathanika dhanchaku "ati, ati jatila" ebong "bichalita" bhabe barnana karajaithila, jeunthire bibhrantikara hisabarakhyana ebong jatila ranneeti ebong corporate dhanchara jatnapurbaka byabahara karajaithila, jaahaa kanadara apekhyakruta durbala security ine, ticks ine ebong prakash abashyakata upare aadharita thila, jahara phalaswaroopa ehara druta abhibruddhi eka atyanta jatila, paraspara jadita company ebong aantah-malikanara pyramid samrajyare parinata hoithila. edper nijantrana karuthile kintu aneka companyra malika nathile. gharoi malikanadhin edapar gotie sarbajaneena companyre eka nijantranakaree anshadhana paiparanti, jaahaa anya eka sarbajaneena companyre eka nijantranakaree anshadhana dhaaran karithante, jaahaa niz arthara adhika byabahara nakari anya ekare nijantranakaree anshadhana dhaaran karithante. byabahruta anya rananeetigudika helah ehara sahajaka company dwara eka moola companyra cross-malikana ebong aanshika malikana ebong sarbajaneena nibeshakanka paain seemita kimba anah-bhoting sejarara udaara byabahara ebong abhyantareenanka paain super-bhoting seyara . egudika edpar samrajyaku nijara adhika artha byabahara nakari koti koti dollar sangraha karibare sakhyama karithila. aashi dashkar abhibruddhi samajare, bronfman-sanjukta companymane kanadara anya je kaunasi company tulanare adhika security jaari karithile ebong $30 bilijanaru adhika equity sangraha karithile. edper ebong ehara aneka sahajaka companyra parichalanare atyadhika jadita thiba dui bhainka byatita, edpar groupra druta samprasarana ebong parichalanare gurutwapurna bhumika grahan karithiba anya dui john byakti thileh 1960 dashakare branaphamyanamanka dwara nijukta accountant jack kakawela, jie parey hiz international/bancorp, edpar equity ebong edpar nibeshar netrutwa neithile; ebong traver iton, jane corporate okil, jie brascan limiteder netrutwa neithile. edaparanka adhigrahan parey. runa ebong patana. patana। ehara shikhar parey, 1990 dashkar prarambhare edaparanka samrajyara praiah patana ghataiba paain aneka kaaran milita hoithilah eka pramukh arthika mandabastha, alympia ebong yarka patana, banijyika real estate ray eka taralipadiba jaahaa ubhaja rajaswa ebong pramukh sampattira mulyajanaku prabhabita karithila, libharej financing ebong jatila malikana dhanchara jancha brudhi karithila . rajaswa paain, edapar corporate dhancha runa dajitwaku purana kariba paain sahajaka companygudikaru semananka moola companygudiku labhansha pradan upare atyadhika nirbhara karuthila. ehaa akalana karajaithila je semanankara pay-out anupata puni turrento stock exchanger shirsha 35 tii companyra harahari tulanare adhaa thila . keteka bronfman company aaja tulanare adhika labhansha pradan karithile. semanankara kramagata khyati bharana kariba paain, edpar companygudika maatra 20 maasare seyara prasanga, sampatti bikrai ebong runa artha jogaana madhyamare 9 billion dalararu adhika sangraha karithile. 1993 masiha prarambha suddha, edper kebala februari maasare $1.96 koti mulyara sampatti bikri kariba arambha karithile. karithile। 1993 masiha madhyare edparra bajaara punji 90 pratishata hrass paithila. paribartana. pitaranku nijantranare rahibaku anumathi deba sahita companygudikaru nijaku bahara karibara eka upaiah pradan kariba paain, edper udyogagudika group paain nutan mukhya holding company bhabare srusti karajaithila ebong 1989 ray janasadharananku seyara jaari karajaithila . adhikansha malikana edper holding dwara bajaiah rakhajaithila, jaahaa setebelaku edper investment (pieter) dwara 50.1% ebong pagurian corporation dwara 49.9% malikanadhin thila, jaahaa jack kakwelnka netrutware eka gosthi dwara nijantrita hoithila . pieter bronfmanka saha sanrachita bhagidarira jatnashila byabahara ebong nagad prabahara nijantrana dwara, jack kakawel phalaswaroopa edper dakhal karithile. pramukh sampatti. aneka companyre edparankara pratyakhya ebong parokhya malikana swartha thila . nimnare ehara corporate samrajya paain sarbabruhata ebong sabutharu gurutwapurna talika diajaichhi. kerena bancorp. 1971 masihare, kanadiara erina company (kerena) ku molson paribaratharu placements rondell ly. ("puck investments ly.)" dwara $15 nijutare kraiah karajaithila."ingrajire), bronfman bhaimananka netrutware malikamananka eka sangha . carrena jatiah hockey ligg montreal canadiancer malika thile, montreal former manager, sampatti sahita jeunthire bail centre ebong gillet manoranjan group antarbhukta . 1978 masihare kanadian dala $20 nijutare mulsion brueriku bikri karajaithila. bronfman malikanare thiba kerena trijek corporation sameth ehara sampatti bikash holdingku bistara karithila. 1978 masihare, kerena bancorp holdings incorporated. ehaa gathita hoithila, parey ehaa kerena development limited ray parinata hoithila ., ebong ebong brookfield sampatti. trijek adhigrahan kariba parey, carrena nijara real estate holdingku aakramanatmaka bhabe bistara karithila. 1989 masihare, carrena alympia ebong yorker biswa arthika sampattira eka trutijansha adhigrahan karithile.pii.biswa banijya kendra sanlagna nyujarka saharar biswa arthika kendra malika, kintu bhaari runa ebong karjyalaja bajaara patanare sangharsha karuthile. edparanka arthika samarthan sahita, 1990 dashkar prarambhare mandabastha samajare carenara samprasarana hoithila. 1992 masihare oh anded wai dhwansa hoijaithila, ebong chaari barsha parey durbala company debaliapanaru baharithila ebong kerena (brookfield sampatti nigama bhabare) 47 pratishata anshadhana hassel karithila. trijek. 1970 masihare, bronfman bhaimananku turrento-aadharita trijek corporation limiteder boardku anajaithila.kanadara sarbabruhata sampatti bikashakarimananka madhyaru jane, ebong 9 pratishata equity anshadhana pradan karithile. montriyalara iconic sthana bhile merry nirmana kariba paain trijek gathan karajaithila ebong parey bce incorporated rahr bikash shakhar nijantrana hassel karithila . (bayle kanadara pitamata), bce sthanara malika ebong koti koti dollar mulyara sampatti. 1976 masihare, kerena 25 pratishata equity sudha ebong trijekra prabhabasali matadana nijantrana hassel karithila; 1970 dashakare parey ehi holdingku <aai. dii. 1> ku brudhi karajaithila. 1974 masihare bideshi nibeshaku nijantrana kariba paain kanada bideshi nibesh samikhya sanstha srusti kariba parey, eka bideshi malikanadhin company paain bhabishyatare nibesh artha sangraha karibara khyamata bishajare chinta srusti hoithila (brittener eagle beema tathapi trijekare sankhyagaristha anshadhana dhaaran karithila). 1975 masihare, edper sahita eka rajinama hoithila jaahaa eagle staraku trijek upare eka nijantranakaree agraha sahita chhadideba, jetebele prabhabasali nijantrana eka nutan brofman-nijantrita holding company, kerena sampatti ku sthanantarita heba . 1976 masiha suddha, bronfmanmane trijek upare nijantrana neithile ebong mukhya karjyalajaku kyalgariku sthanantara karithile. 1979 masiha suddha, trijekra sampattira mulya $1 billion atikrama karithila. sehi barsha alympia ebong yarka, douch real estate company enn. bhi. beligingsmatschpies wereldway ebong eagle starr insurance (jaahaa ingraji sampattire atyadhika binijoga karajaithila) madhyare britten-aadharita ingraji sampatti paain eka nilam juddha bikashita hoithila . trijekare semanankara malikana surakhita kariba paain chintita, bronfmanmane alympia ebong yorker reichman bhaimananka sahita eka rajinama karithile, jaahaa bhabishyatare semananka sampatti bikash chinta, kanadara duiti sarbabruhata madhyare pratidwanditaku edaiba paain thila. ehapare karbar karajaithila, jahara phalaswaroopa ubhaja edper ebong oh anded waira trijekare samaana 37 pratishata anshadhana thila. 1980 masihare, trijek america-bhittika arnest waa. ku adhigrahan karithila. hahh ink.'trijekra sampatti $2 bilijanaku brudhi curry, ebong trijekra punahnamakarana curry trizecan rakhajaithila. dui barsha parey trijekra sampattira mulya $4 billion thila. 1990 masiha suddha, banijyika real estate khetrare mandabastha tibra hoithila ebong ubhaja trizecan ebong alympia ebong yarka runa saha sangharsha karithile. 1994 masihare trijekare bahya punji nibesh parey, edaparanka anshadhanaku namamatra parimanaku hrass karajaithila. budd hrada samooha. great lakes group, eka uttara-ontario bhittika utpadanakari ebong bidyut shaktira bitaraka, eka holding companyre parinata heba purbaru braskananka malikanare thila . 1984 masiha suddha, brascan companyra 49 pratishata anshadhana hassel karithila ebong rayal trustco, trylan financial ebong braskanare thiba anshadhana sahita arthika nijantranara laabh uthaiba paain ehaaku eka brokerage companyre parinata karajaithila. 1990 masiha suddha, hiz 35 pratishata anshadhana ebong trilan 11 pratishata anshadhana hassel karithile. parey companyku kanadara sarbabruhata shakti utpadanakari madhyaru gotie, brascan pawara naamare namit karajaithila. bartamana ehara naama brookfield nabikaranajogya rakhajaichhi. shay heuchhi bancorp. hiz 1975 ray national hiz entreprise limited bhabare arambha hoithila, 1983 ray ehara naama hiz international karporesanku paribartana karithila, ebong hiz international bancorp inkaku paribartana karithila . 1988 masihare, merchant byanka hiz international bancorp 1980 dashkar shesh bhagare "braskanra snaju kendra" bhabe karjya karithila. hijnka jack kakawel jane pramukh rananitigya thile, jie aneka sarbajaneena karbar karuthiba companyre branfmyanka artha binijoga karithile ebong gurutwapurna kimba nijantranakaree sudha hassel karithile. 1996 masihare edapar group limited gathan kariba paain duiti company mishran heba purbaru, edapar group 39 pratishata hiz malikanare thila . edparanka anya anshadhana bhali shay madhya keteka companyre budd anshadhana rakhithile. shay edaparanka sidhasalakha sampruktata bina companygudiku madhya adhigrahan karithile, jeunthire nimnalikhitagudika antarbhukta thilah 1981 masihare, kanadara turrento-aadharita mahadeshiah byanka srusti karajaithila, jeunthire hiz antarjatija sejarara sarbabruhata block thila . 1986 masiha suddha, byankati kanadara shastha sarbabruhata khuchura byanka ebong deshar deshar sarbabruhata arthika anusthana thila. sehi barsha ehaa britten sthita lloydus byanka dwara adhigrahan karajaithila jaahaa parey kanadara hangakanga byanka dwara adhigrahan karajaithila. pagurian. pagurian 'interpublishing limited' ebong pagurian press limited 'bhabare arambha hoithila., jaahaa phillip christopher ondatjenka dwara pratisthita hoithila. 1975 masihare ehaa ontariore nigamita hoithila, ebong 1977 masihare ehara naama paribartana curry pagurian corporation limited rakhajaithila. 1988 masiha suddha ehara 500 nijuta dalararu adhika mulyara bibidha sampatti thila ebong 1 billion dalararu adhika nijantrita sampatti thila jetebele ondatje ehaaku 1988 masihare hiz internationalaku bikri karithile, ebong hiz rahr upadhyakhya hoithile. pagurian hiz byankarpra jack kakawel ebong baristha edper group myanejarnka dwara nijantrita hoithila . 1993 masiha suddha, edpar holdingre malikana edpar nibesh dwara 50.1% ebong pagurian corporation dwara 49.9% thila. 1997 masihare, jaahaa edpersor eka sahajaka companyra sahajaka company bhabe arambha hoithila, shay edparku niz haataku neithila ebong ehara purbatana corporate pitamatanka naama grahan karithila; pagurian naamaku edper group limited naamare namit karajaithila. brascan. edper turrento-aadharita brascan limited adhigrahan karithile.1979 masihare khani, jangala, paniah prastuta, ebong brazil bhittika shakti ebong paribahana swarthare bibidha swartha thiba eka byapaka holding company. adhigrahan 1978 ray neerabare arambha hoithila, ebong shighra eka shatrutapurna adhigrahanare parinata hoithila jaahaa sheshare 1979 ray kerena byankarpanka malikanare parinata hoithila. 1979 masiha march maasare, edapar nibesh edapar equity limited srusti karithila. braskanara nijantrana kimba malikana hassel kariba uddeshyare, edpar nibesh sahita 66 pratishata ebong patino, enn.bhi. netherlander 34 pratishata edper equity. praiah 5 pratishata prarambhika kraiah parey, edper americara stock exchangere kraiah byabastha curry dui deane madhyare ehara anshadhanaku 31 pratishataku brudhi karithila, jaahaa bartamana parjyanta exchanger sarbabruhata karbar, jadio sethare brascan talikabhukta hoinahin . edper bibrutti jaari curry kahithile je ehaa braskanaku adhigrahan karibaku chesta karunahin. rakhyanatmaka padakhyepa bhabare, brascan aif paain $1.12 billion nilam ghoshana karithile.wa. ulwartha company jaahaa drudha ebong sarbajaneena bhabare birodha karithila . jayu. ess. security einer kathita ullanghana hetu edper ehara 5 pratishataru adhika seyara byabahara kariba upare pratibandhaka lagaibaku jayu. ess. zillah adalatare brascan eka pratibandhaka adesh grahan karithila. pratibandhaka adesh hatajiba parey, june 1979 ray, edapar ehara malikana brudhi karibaku eka nutan bida jaari karithile. brascan samarthanare eka bibrutti jaari karithile ebong edper ehara malikana 50.1% ku brudhi karibare saphala hoithile. parabarti samajare, ontario security commission ehara nijamare sanshodhana karithile, jaahaa dwara torranto stock exchangere talikabhukta company (jepariki brascan) gudikar adhigrahanaku ehara niam biruddhare anya nyajika khetrare madhya parichalita hebaku rokajaipariba, jepariki emeksare brascan upare edper nka aghoshita adhigrahan. sheshare brascan edper sahita mishigala ebong 2000 masiharu brookfield sampatti parichalana bhabare janashuna . 1982 masihare, noranda ee. sii. kanadara sarbabruhata kagaja utpadaka, bhanakyuvara-aadharita mcmillan bloodel limited thaaru 49.8% kinila ., |. ehaa ehaa 1993ray bikri hoithila. trilan arthika. 1982 masihare, trylan financial karporesanku brascan limiteder eka sahajaka company bhabare srusti karajaithila. eka samajare jetebele nijantrana mukta heba dwara arthika companygudika nutan bajaarare prabesha karibaku ebong london zeeban beema company ebong rayal trust companyku hassel karibaku anumathi deithila, jaahaa ubhaja brascan yathesta sankhyalaghu padabeere rahithile. ehara pratham chhaa maasa madhyare, trylan kanadara shastha sarbabruhata arthika anusthanare parinata hoithila, kebala panchti budd canadia byanka pachaku . ehaa lijing ebong bideshi bajaraku madhya bistara karithila. 2007 masihare, richman bhaimane 13 pratishata sudha hassel karithile. ehara samprasarana epari hoithila je 1990 masiha suddha ehaa kanadara sarbabruhata khuchura bibidha arthika seba company thila ebong 1996 masihare ehara aaja $6.2 billion thila. 2002 masihare ehara naama paribartana curry 'brascan financial' rakhajaithila. 1983 masihare trylan kanadara sarbabruhata trust company ebong bandhaka pradanakari madhyaru anyatama, turrento-aadharita rayal trust companyra 42 pratishata kinithila. ehara retain trust operation 1993 ray rayal byanka off kanadaku bikri karajaithila. abasistamane gentra ink hoigale . ebong parey brookfield karjyalaja sampatti. sampatti। 1983 masiha madhyare, trylan kanadara sarbabruhata sampatti ebong zeeban beema company madhyaru anyatama, london sthita london zeeban beema companyra 98 pratishata adhigrahan karithila. uttaradhikara. 1995 masihare edper ebong ehara sahajaka companygudikare bronfman bhaimananka anshagrahana shesh hoithila, kintu adhikansha company ehaa jaari rakhithile. edper samrajyara tinoti pramukh holding company - edper, hiz, pagurian-1990 dashaka ebong 2000 dashkar prarambhare brascan dwara adhikruta hoithila . jack kakawel ebong traver iton brascan ebong ehara sahajaka sansthagudiku eka sarala corporate dhanchare punargathana karithile, jeunthire tinoti mukhya bibhaga thilah real estate (trijekanru), pawara (braskanaru), ebong arthika seba (purbaru trillon). trylan mukhyatah braskanara arthika shakha bhabare karjya jaari rakhithila ebong 2002 ray, brascan trilener abasista anshaku niz adheenare neijaithila jaahaa purbaru ehara malikanare nathila . 2002 masihare, brascan nijara naama badalai brookfield sampatti parichalana rakhila. 2006 masihare, trijek properties ink. ebong ehara canadian anubandhita trijek kanada inak. brookfield sampatti nigama sahita mishran hoichhi. (purbaru kerena) $8.9 billion mulyara eka chuktire.

adder nivesh adder investments limted ih 1959 atey 1995 dey vichkaar bharavan edward bronfman atey pieter bronfman laee muddhali holding company atey nivesh vaahan see. 1980 dey dahake witch aapne sikhar 'teey, atey 1990 dey dahake dey arambh witch, adper canada dey sabh toon vadde corporate samoohan vicchon ikk see, jiss neey 500 toon vaddh private atey jantak taur' teey vapaar curran valiaan companyan noon ikk gunjhaldar dhanche witch niyantrit keeta see jiss dee keemat 100 billion dallar see, jiss witch 100,000 toon vaddh canadianan noon naukari ditti gaee see, atey torranto stock exchange dey kull poonjikaran daa 15 pratishat shamal see. adder, jiss daa naam torranto dey doou bharavan dey naavan daa sumel haii, noon shuru witch seegram company limted witch unhan dey hittan toon prapat aamdan naal vitt poshan keeta giaa see. montrial-adharat shakha witch unhan dey chachere bharavan dey mukkh niveshan daa parbandhan unhan dee aapni holding company, camp niveshan raahin keeta giaa see. itihaas. adder dee sathapana 1959 witch keeti gaee see jiss witch samundari chinnh witch aapne addhe shares toon lagbhag 15 million amriki dallar dee aamdan see, jiss noon parivaar dee montrial shakha duaara vechan laee majbur keeta giaa see, jiss neey aapna niyantaran barkarar rakkhiaa see. agle chaar dahakiaan witch, adder ikk single company witch shares dee parivarak hissedari toon ikk vishal samooh witch vadhiaa jiss witch canada deeaan kujh sabh toon vaddiaan companyan witch corporate takeover laee namna khattiaa giaa. hethan ikk ruprekha samaan-rekha haiyav banatar. adder investments limted dee malkiat. ih bharaa edward atey pieter dey nijji trustan duaara rakkhiaa giaa see. iss daa dhancha 1989 toon baad badal giaa, parr iss dee ziaadaatar hond laee ih harek bharaa dey nijji trustan dee malkiat see. adder corporate samraj aapni malkiat atey niyantaran dey gunjhaldar web laee janhiaa jaanda see joe sikharle paddhar toon failda see. iss dey sangathnatmak dhanche noon gunjhaldar lekha atey gunjhaldar rannitiaan atey corporate dhanche dee savdhanipurvak varton duaara "bahut, bahut gunjhaldar" atey "changa" dassiaa giaa see, canada dey mukabaltan dhille pratibhutiaan kanoonan, taiks kanoonan atey khulasa zaruratan daa poonjikaran keeta giaa see jiss dey natije vajon iss daa tezi naal vikas hoiaa ikk bahut hii gunjhaldar, ops witch judiaan companyan atey karaas-malkiat dey pyramid samraj witch. adder daa niyantaran see parr bahut saariaan companyan daa maalak naheen see. nijji taur utte rakkhi gaee adder ikk jantak company witch ikk niyantrak hissedari daa maalak hoow sakda haii joe kise horr jantak company witch niyantrak hissedari rakhegi joe aapne paise dee ziaada varton keete binan, ikk horr jantak company witch niyantrak hissedari rakhegi. horr rannitiaan witch ikk mool company dee sahaik company duaara anshak malkiat atey antar-malkiat atey jantak niveshakan laee seemat jaan gair-voting shares dee udaar varton atey andruni lokan laee super-voting share shamal sunn. inhan neey adder samraj noon aapne paise dee ziaada varton keete binan araban dallar ikkathe curran dey yog banaiaa. assi dey dahake dey uchhal dauran, bronfman naal judiaan companyan neey canada witch kise vee horr naalon vadhere pratibhutiaan jaari keetiaan atey 30 billion dallar toon vaddh dee equity ikkathi keeti. doou bharavan toon ilava, joe adder atey iss deeaan bahut saariaan sahaik companyan dey parbandhan witch bahut ziaada shamal sunn, doou horr aadmi sunn jinhan neey adder group dey tezi naal visthar atey parbandhan witch mahattavpuran bhumika nibhaiya 1960 dey dahake witch bronfman duaara niyukat accountant jaik cockwell joe baad witch heeze international/bancorp, adder equity atey adder niveshan dee agvai karde sunn; atey traver eyeton, ikk corporate vakeel joe brascan limted dee agvai karde sunn. adder dee prapati toon baad. karza atey patan. 1989 witch iss dey sikhar toon baad, kaee karkan neey 1990 dey dahake dey arambh witch adder dey samraj dey lagbhag patan daa caarn baneya ikk vaddi aarthik mandee, olympia atey yarak daa patan, vaparak real astet witch ikk pighlan jiss neey pramukh sampatiaan dey maaliye atey mullankan dovan noon prabhavat keeta, leveraged vitt atey gunjhaldar malkiat dhanche dee padtal witch vaadha hoiaa. malia laee, adder corporate dhancha curses deeaan zimmevariaan noon poora curran laee sahaik companyan toon uhanan deeaan mool companyan noon labhansh bhugtan 'teey bahut ziaada nirbhar karda see. ih andaza lagaiaa giaa see kii unhan daa bhugtan-out anupat torranto stock exchange deeaan choti deeaan 35 companyan dee ausat naalon addha vadda see. kujh bronfman companyan neey kamai naalon vaddh labhansh daa bhugtan keeta. aapne aaee. dee. 1. witch hoye ghaate noon poora curran laee, adder companyan neey siraf 20 mahiniaan witch share muddiaan, sampati dee vikri atey karze dey vitt poshan raahin 9 billion dallar toon vaddh ikkathe keete. 1993 dey arambh takk, adder neey sampatiaan vechniaan shuru qarr dittiaan, khaas taur utte ikalle farvari witch $1.96 billion dee keemat. adder daa markeet punjikaran 1989 atey 1993 dey vichkaar 90 pratishat ghatt giaa. parivartan. pieter noon controll witch rahinn dee aagiaa dinde hoye companyan toon aapne aap noon kaddhan daa ikk tarika pardan curran laee, adder uddam samooh laee naveen mukkh holding company vajon banaae gaye sunn atey 1989 witch janata noon share jaari keete gaye sunn. bahuginti malkiat adder holdings duaara barkarar rakkhi gaee see, jiss dee malki udon takk adder nivesh (pieter) duaara atey 49.9% pagurian corporation duaara see, jiss noon jaik cockwell dee agvai vaale ikk samooh duaara niyantrit keeta giaa see. pieter bronfman naal dhanchagat bhaiwali dee savdhanipurvak varton atey nakdi pravaah dey niyantaran duaara, jaik cockwell neey asal witch adder noon aapne hatth witch lae liaa. pramukh holdings. adder dey kaee companyan witch pratakh atey apratakh malkiat hitt sunn. hethan iss dey corporate samraj laee sabh toon vadde atey sabh toon mahattavpuran dee suchi ditti gaee haii. carrena bancorp. sann 1971 witch, canadian akhada company (carrena) noon molson parivaar toon placement rondell aill. tii. ee. ("puck investments aill. tii. dee.) duaara 15 million dallar witch kharidiaa giaa see."angrezi witch), bronfman bharavan dee agvai witch malkan daa ikk sangh. carrena national hockey leeg montrial canadians dee maalak see, joe montrial forum dee manager see, jiss witch sampatiaan witch ghanti kendra atey gillit manoranjan samooh shamal sunn. sann 1978 witch, canadians team noon 20 million dallar witch molson bruariaan noon wetch ditta giaa see. bronfman malkiat adheen carrena neey aapni property development holdings daa vistaar keeta, jiss witch trizek corporation vee shamal haii. sann 1978 witch, carrena bancorp holdings ink. ih baad witch carrena developments limted bann giaa., atey 1996 witch brookfield properties. trizek noon haasal curran toon baad, carrena neey aapni real astet holdings daa hamlawar dhang naal vistaar keeta. sann 1989 witch, carrena neey olympia atey yarak dee vishav vitti sampati daa ikk tihai hissa haasal keeta.pee.vishav vapaar kendra dey naal laggde newyork shehar dey vishav vitti kendra dey maalak parr bhaari karze atey daftar baazaar dey dheh jaanh naal sanghrash qarr rahey sunn. adder dee vitti sahaita naal, 1990 dey dahake dey arambh witch mandee dauran carrena daa vistaar hoiaa. ou aind vaaee 1992 witch dheh giaa, atey chaar saal baad kamzor-hethan company diwaliapan toon ubbhari atey carrena (brookfield properties corporation vajon) cole 47 pratishat hissedari see. trizec. 1970 witch, bronfman bharavan noon torranto-adharat trizek corporation limted dey board witch lianda giaa see.canada dey sabh toon vadde property developeran vicchon ikk, atey 9 pratishat equity hissedari ditti gaee. trizek daa gathan montrial dey pratishathit sathaan ville mairi dey nirman laee keeta giaa see atey baad witch bee. see. ee. ink dee vikas shakha daa niyantaran prapat keeta giaa see. (ghanti canada daa mool), bee. see. ee. sathaan atey araban dallar dee jaidad daa maalak. sann 1976 witch, carrena neey 25 pratishat equity hissedari atey trizek daa prabhavshali voting niyantaran prapat keeta; baad witch 1970 dey dahake witch hissedari vadha keey 50.1% qarr ditti gaee. 1974 witch canada vallon videshi nivesh noon niyantrit curran laee videshi nivesh samikhiaa agency banaun toon baad, ikk videshi malkiat vaali company laee bhavikh dey nivesh daa paisa jutaun dee yogta baare chintavan paida hoiaan (britten daa eagle beema ajey vee trizek witch bahuginti hissedari rakkhda see). sann 1975 witch, adder naal ikk samjhauta keeta giaa see joe eagle starr noon trizek witch niyantrit dilchaspi dey naal chhadd devega, jadon kii prabhavshali niyantaran ikk naveen brofman-niyantrit holding company, carrena propertiaan vall javega. 1976 takk, bronfmans neey trizek daa controll lae liaa atey mukkh daftar noon calgari witch tabdil qarr ditta. 1979 takk, trizek dee sampati daa mull 1 billion dallar toon paar hoow giaa. use saal olympia atey yarak, dutch real astet company nv ballegingsmotshpies warreld atey eagle starr insurance (jiss daa angrezi jaidad witch bhaari nivesh keeta giaa see) darmiaan yuke adharat angrezi jaidad laee ikk bollie yuddh viksit hoiaa. trizek witch aapni malkiat noon surakhiat curran baare chintat, bronfman olympia atey yarak dey reachman bharavan naal ikk samjhaute 'teey aae taan joe unhan deeaan jaidad vikas deeaan chintavan, canada dey doou sabh toon vadde vichkaar bhavikh dey mukabale toon bachiaa jaa sake. firr lainn-denh keete gaye jiss dey natije vajon adder atey ou aind vaaee dovan dee trizec witch barabar 37 pratishat hissedari see. sann 1980 witch, trizek neey yuu. aiss. adharat ernst w. noon haasal keeta. hahan ink.'shopping center dey hittan neey trizek dee sampati noon 2 billion dallar takk vadha ditta, atey trizek daa naam badal keey trizecon rakkhiaa giaa. doou saal baad trizek dee sampati daa mull 4 billion dallar see. 1990 takk, vaparak real astet witch mandee gambhir hoow gaee atey trijacon atey olympia atey yarak doven curses naal sanghrash qarr rahey sunn. 1994 witch trizec witch poonji dey baahari nivesh toon baad, adder dee hissedari noon namatar rakam takk ghataa ditta giaa see. mahaan jheelan daa samooh. gret lakes group, ikk uttri-ontario adharat utpadak atey bijli shakti daa vitrak, ikk holding company witch badlan toon pahilan brascan dee malkiat see. 1984 takk, brascan cole company daa 49 pratishat hissa see atey iss noon ikk dalali company witch badal ditta giaa see taan joe shaahi trustco, trylan vitti atey brascan witch hissedari dey naal vitti niyantaran daa laabh uthaiaa jaa sake. 1990 takk, heeze neey 35 pratishat hissedari atey 11 pratishat hissedari haasal qarr laee see. company noon baad witch brascan pawar daa naam ditta giaa, joe canada dey sabh toon vadde bijli generatoran vicchon ikk haii. iss vele iss noon brookfield naviaunyog naam ditta giaa haii. ih bancorp haii. heeze neey 1975 witch national heeze entreprise limted dey roop witch shuruat keeti, 1983 witch iss daa naam badal keey heeze international corporation qarr ditta giaa, atey heeze international bancorp ink qarr ditta giaa. 1988 witch, merchant baink heeze international bancorp neey 1980 dey dahake dey akheer witch "brascan laee narav center" vajon kamm keeta. heeze jaik cockwell ikk pramukh rannitikar see, jiss neey kaee jantak taur 'teey vapaar curran valiaan farman witch bronfman dey paise daa nivesh keeta atey mahattavpuran jaan niyantrit dilchaspi prapat keeti. 1996 witch adder group limted banaun laee dovan companyan dey raleven toon pahilan, adder group cole 39 pratishat hissedari see. uh badal witch kujh uhee companyan witch vaddi hissedari rakkhda see jiven kii adder dee horr holdingan witch see. usne adder dee siddhi shamuliat toon binan companyan vee haasal keetiaan, jinhan witch heth likhiaan shamal hann sann 1981 witch torranto-adharat mahandeepi baink aaf canada banaiaa giaa see, jiss witch hiz international dey cole shares daa sabh toon vadda block see. 1986 takk, baink 6vaan sabh toon vadda canadian prachun baink atey desh daa 15vaan sabh toon vadda vitti sanstha see. use saal iss noon yuke sathit lloyds baink duaara haasal keeta giaa see jiss noon baad witch canada dey haang kaang baink duaara haasal keeta giaa see. paggurian. pagudian dee shuruat interpublishing limted atey pagudian presses limted vajon hoee.jiss dee sathapana philip christopher ondatje neey keeti see. iss noon 1975 witch ontario witch shamal keeta giaa see, atey 1977 witch iss daa naam badal keey pagudian corporation limted qarr ditta giaa see. 1988 takk iss cole 50 croad dallar toon vaddh dee vibhinn sampatiaan sunn atey 1 billion dallar toon vaddh dee niyantrit sampati see jadon ondateje neey iss noon 1988 witch heeze international noon wetch ditta see, atey uh heeze dey upp-chairman bann gaye sunn. paggurian noon hess bancorp dey jaik cockwell atey senior adder group mainejaran duaara niyantrit keeta giaa see. 1993 takk, adder holdings witch malki adder nivesh duaara 50.1% atey paggurian corporation duaara 49.9% see. sann 1997 witch, joe kii adder dee sahaik company dee sahaik company vajon shuru hoee, neey adder noon aapne hatth witch lae liaa atey iss dey sabka corporate daada-daadi daa naam apnaiaa; pagurian daa naam badal keey adder group limted rakkhiaa giaa. brascan. adder neey torranto-adharat brascan limted noon haasal keeta.1979 witch mining, janglat, sharab banaun atey braazeel adharat bijli atey aavajai hittan witch vibhinn hittan vaali ikk viaapak dhaarak company, ih prapati 1978 witch chupchap shuru hoee, atey jaldi hii ikk virodhi kabza bann gaee jiss dey natije vajon 1979 witch carrena bancorp dey cole 50.1% brascan daa maalak bann giaa. march, 1979 witch, adder nivesh neey adder equity limted dee sirjana keeti. brascan daa niyantaran jaan malkiat prapat curran dey udesh naal, adder niveshan dey 66 pratishat atey patino, ainn.vee. needarlands daa 34 pratishat adder equity. lagbhag 5 pratishat dee shuruati khareed toon baad, adder neey amriki stock exchange 'teey khariddari daa parbandh karke doou dinan dee miaad witch aapni hissedari vadha keey 31 pratishat qarr ditti, joe kii exchange daa hunn takk daa sabh toon vadda lainn-denh haii, bhaven kii brascan noon utthe suchibadh naheen keeta giaa see. adder neey biaan jaari keete kii ih brascan utte kabza curran dee koshish naheen qarr riha see. rakhiaatmak chaalan dey roop witch, brascan neey eff laee 1.12 billion dallar dee bollie daa ailaan keeta.w. ullworth company jiss neey zordar atey jantak taur 'teey virodh keeta. brascan noon us zilha adalat witch ikk roku adesh miliaa jiss witch ediper noon us scurities kanoonan dee kathit ulanghna caarn aapne 5 pratishat toon vaddh shares dee varton curran toon rokiaa giaa see. juun 1979 witch roque dey adesh noon hataun toon baad, adder neey aapni malkiat vadhaun laee ikk naveen bollie jaari keeti. brascan neey samarthan witch ikk biaan jaari keeta atey adder aapni malkiat noon vadha keey 50.1% curran witch safal riha. baad witch, ontario scurities commission neey torranto stock exchange (jiven kii brascan) utte suchibadh companyan dey kabze noon rokann laee aapne niyaman witch sodh keeti, joe kii horr adhikar khetran witch vee iss dey niyaman dey virudh keete jaa rahey hunn, jiven kii adder dey amax utte brascan dey anailane kabza. aakharkar brascan daa ediper naal ralevan hoow giaa atey 2000 toon iss noon brookfield sampati parbandhan vajon janhiaa jaanda haii. 1982 witch, noranda ink. canada dey sabh toon vadde kagaz utpadak, vancouver-adharat mcmillan blodel limted toon 49.8% kharidiaa.ih sann 1993 witch $623 witch 793 dallar witch vechiaa giaa see. trylan vitti. 1982 witch, trylan vitti nigam noon brascan limted dee sahaik company vajon banaiaa giaa see. ikk ajihe samein witch jadon niyantaran mukat curran naal vitti companyan noon navein bazaran witch dakhal honn atey london jeevan beema company atey raail trust company noon haasal curran dee aagiaa millie, jiss witch brascan neey kaafi ghatt ginti ahudiaan 'teey kabza keeta see. aapne pahile chhe mahiniaan dey ander, trylan canada dee chhevin sabh toon vaddi vitti sanstha bann gaee, siraf panj vadde canadian bainkan toon baad. iss daa vistaar leasing atey videshi bazaran witch vee hoiaa. 2007 witch, reachman bharavan neey 13 pratishat daa hissa haasal keeta. iss daa vistaar iss tarahan hoiaa kii 1990 takk ih canada dee sabh toon vaddi prachun vibhinn vitti sevavan vaali company see atey 1996 witch iss daa malia 6.2 billion dallar see. sann 2002 witch iss daa naam badal keey brascan vitti rakkhiaa giaa. sann 1983 witch trylan neey torranto-adharat raail trust company daa 42 pratishat hissa kharidiaa, joe canada dee sabh toon vaddi trust companyan atey morgage pradatavan vicchon ikk haii. iss dey retain trust operation noon 1993 witch canada dey raail baink noon wetch ditta giaa see. baaki lock genter ink bann gaye. atey baad witch brookfield daftar deeaan jaidadan. 1982 atey 1983 dey vichkaar, trylan neey torranto-adharat london jeevan beema company daa 98 pratishat hissa haasal keeta, joe canada dee sabh toon vaddi jaidad atey jeevan beema companyan vicchon ikk haii. virasat. adder atey iss deeaan sahaik companyan witch bronfman bharavan dee bhagidari 1995 witch khatam hoow gaee, parr ziaadaatar companyan jaari rahiaan. adder samraj deeaan tinn pramukh holding companyan - adder, heeze, pagurian-1990 atey 2000 dey dahake dey arambh witch brascan duaara saare utte kabza qarr liaa giaa see. jaik cockwell atey traver eyeton neey brascan atey iss deeaan sahaik companyan noon ikk bahut hii saral corporate dhanche witch punargathit keeta, jiss witch tinn mukkh bhagan sanauu real astet (trizecon toon), pawar (brascan toon), atey vitti sevavan (pahilan trilen). trilon neey brascan dee vitti shakha vajon kamm karna jaari rakkhiaa atey 2002 witch, brascan neey trilon dey baaki hissiaan noon aapne kabze witch lae liaa joe pahilan toon hii iss dey cole naheen see. 2002 witch, brascan neey aapna naam badal keey brookfield sampati parbandhan rakkhiaa. 2006 witch, trizek properties ink. atey iss dey canadian affiliate trizek canada ink. brookfield properties corporation naal milaa ditta giaa. (pahilan carrena) ikk saude witch $8.9 billion daa mull haii.

edd-purr-niveshah edper investments lii. 1959 taha 1995 paryantam edward bronfman tathaa peater bronfman ityetayoho bhraatrubhyah praathamik-holding-kampanee, nivesha-vaahanam cha aasit. 1980 tame dashake, 1990 tame dashakasy aarambhe cha, edper iti kenada-deshasya bruhattama-corporate-sanghatakeshu anyatam aasit, yena 500 taha adhikaah nijee-saarwajanik-vyaapaar-kampaneeh sankeern-samrachanaayaam niyantreetaani, yasya moolyam $100 billion iti anumaanitam aasit, 100,000 taha adhikaah kenadian-janaah niyuktaah, torrento-stack-ekschenj ityasya kula-poonjeekaranasya 15 pratishatam cha aasit. edper iti naam torrento-sthitayoho bhraatrudwayoh naamayoh samyojanam asti, tasya vittaposhanam praarambhe sigram kampanee-limited ityasmin teshaam hitaat praaptaih dhanasya madhyamena krutam. mountriyal-aadhaarit-shakhayam teshaam bhraatrubhaginyaah mukhyaniveshah teshaam swakeeya-holding-kampanee-kemp-niveshaihi vyavasthaapitaah aasan. itihaasah. 1959 tame varshe edper ityasya sthapana abhavat, yatra sigram-madhye teshaam ardhabhagat praayah 15 dashalax-american-daalar-dhanam praaptam, te parivaarasya montriyal-shakhaya vikreetum baadhyaah abhavan, ye niyantranam dhaarayan. agrimeshu chaturshu dashakeshu, edper-samsthaa ekaa kampanee-samsthaayaam amshaanaam parivaaraat vishaal-samoharoopen vardhamana, yasya kenada-deshasya keshuchit bruhattameshu kampaneeshu corporate-adhigrahanasya pratishtaa aasit. adhah kalarekhayaha ruparekha asti. samrachanaa. edper investments limited ityasya svaamitvam. edward-peater-bhraatrubhihi vyaktigata-nyaasaih saha dhaaritah aasit. 1989 tame varshe tasya samrachanaa parivartitaa, parantu tasya adhikaamshasya astitvasya krute pratyekasya bhraatrunah nijee-nyasanam svaamitvam aasit. edper-corporate-samrajyam svaamitvasya niyantranasya cha jatilajaalasy krute prasidham aasit, yat shirshastarena vistrutaa aasit. asya sangatanaatmak-samrachanaa "ati-jatilah" iti varnitaa, jatil-lekhaamkanasya, jatil-karyaniti-nigamita-samrachanaa-ityetayoho savadhana-upayogena, kenada-deshasya apekshaakruta-shithil-pratibhooti-vidhi-vishaye, curr-vidhi-vishaye, prakateekaran-aavashyakataa-vishaye cha vittaposhanam, yena tasya drutagatyaa vikaasah atyanta-jatil-pyramid-saamraajyaroopen, paraspar-bunne-kampanee-vishaye, paraspar-svaamitvasya cha abhavat. edper-ityasya niyantranam aasit, parantu tasya anekeshaam kampaninam svaamitvam naa aasit. nijirupena dhaaritam edd-purr-samsthaayaah ekasmin saarwajanik-samsthaayaam niyantraka-amshasya svaamitvam bhavitum arhati, yat anyasmin saarwajanik-samsthaayaam niyantraka-amsham dhaarayati, yat anyasmin samsthaayaam niyantraka-amsham dhaarayati, swadhanasya adhikah upayogam vinaa. anyaani rananeetayah yathaa, mool-kampenee ityasya sahaayak-samsthayaa, tasya paara-svaamitvam, aamshika-svaamitvam cha, saarwajanik-niveshakaanaam krute pratibandhitanam vaa matadaan-rahitanam vaa amshaanaam udaar-upayogah, antarikanam krute ati-matadaan-amshaanaam cha upayogah. eteshaam karanat edd-purr-samrajyam swadhanasya adhikaamsham upayogam vinaa koti-koti-daalar-dhanam sangruheetum samartham abhavat. aashisatsarasy utkarshakaale bronfman-sambaddh-kampenee-samsthah kenada-deshasya anyasya apekshayaa adhikaan pratibhooti-patraani praadattavantah, $30-billion-taha adhikaan ikviti-dhanam cha sangruheetavantah. edper ityasya, tasya anekanam sahayakanam cha prabandhanasy vishaye vyaapakaroopen samlagnaah bhraatrudwayam atirichya, edper-samuhasya druta-vistaar-prabandhanasy cha mukhyapaatram nirwahantah anyadwayam aasith 1960 tame dashake bronfman-janaihi niyuktaah lekhaakaarah jyaak kaakvel, ye pashchat hees-antarashtriya-/ byaankorp-, edper-ikviti-, edper-investments-ityetayoho netrutvam kurvanti sma, traver-aitan iti corporate-adhivaktaa, yah brascan-limited ityasya netrutvam karoti sma. edper ityasya adhigrahanasya anantaram. runam tathaa patanam. 1989 tame varshe tasya shikharasy anantaram, 1990 tame dashakasy aarambhe edper-samrajyasya patanam praayah kartum anekaah kaarakaah samyuktaah abhavan-pramukhah aarthik-mandeeh, olympia, yaark-patanam, vaanijya-sthaawar-sampattau mandee, yena pramukhasampattayh raajaswa-mulyanirdharanam cha prabhaavitaani, laabhaprad-vittaposhanasya, jatil-svaamitva-samrachanaah cha adhikatayaa sameekshitaani. raajaswasya krute, runa-dayitvan poorayitum, edd-purr-corporate-samrachanaa, sahaayak-samsthanam mool-samsthanam labhamsha-pradayanam upari bahudhaa avalambitaa aasit. teshaam vetana-anupaatam torrento stack-ekschenj ityasya shirsha-35 kampanee-ityeteshaam madhyasya apekshayaa punah ardham adhikam aasit iti anumaanitam. kechan bronfman-kampenee-samsthah, arjitasya apekshayaa adhikaam laabhaamsharoopen pradadat. 1991-93 madhye swanam krama-haanim poorayitum, edper-kampenee-ityete kevalam 20 maaseshu amsha-samasyanam, parisampattivikrayasya, runa-vittaposhanasya cha madhyamena $9-billion-taha adhikam aarabhat. 1993 tamavarshasya aarambhe eva edper ityanena kevalam februvari-maase eva $1.96 billion mulyasya sampattih vikreeyat. 1989 taha 1993 paryantam edper ityasya vipani-poonjeekaranam 90 pratishatam nyunikrutam. parivartanam. peater ityasya niyantrane sthaatum anumanyatam samsthanam madhye edd-word ityasya svatvasya nirgamanasya maargam pradaatum, edd-purr-udyamah samuhasya nootan-mukhya-dhaarak-samsthaaroopen nirmitah, 1989 tame varshe cha janaan amshaan pradadat. adhikaamsham svaamitvam edper-holdings-dwara rakshitam aasit, yat tadaa edper-niveshaihi (peater), tathaa cha pagurian-nigamasya 49.9% dwara svaamitvam praaptam aasit, yat tatt samaye jyaak-kaakvel-ityasya netrutve samuhena niyantritam aasit. peater bronfman ityanena saha samrachita-sahabhaagitvasya savadhana-upayogena, nagad-pravaahasya niyantranena cha, jyaak kaakvel ityeshah vastutah edper ityasya adhipatyam sveekrutavaan. pramukhah dhaarakaah. edper ityasya anekeshu kampeneeshu pratyaksha-apratyaksha-svaamitva-hitaani aasan. adhah tasya nigamitasamrajyasya bruhattamasya mahattvapoornasya cha soochee asti. kerana-byaankorp. 1971 tame varshe, kenada-deshasya erenaa-kampanee (kerenaa) iteedam molson-parivaaraat $15 dashalakshartham placements rondell-letty ("puck investments-lateed") ityanena kreenitam."anglabhashayam), bronfman-bhraatrubhihi netrutve malikanam sanghah. kerenaa, rashtriya-haakee-leag-montriyal-canadians ityasya swami aasit, montriyal-forum ityasya vyavasthaapikaa aasit, yasya sampattishu bell-center, gillet-manoranjana-samoohah cha antarbhavanti sma. 1978 tame varshe, canadians-dalasya vikrayanam mulson-madya-utpaadana-samsthanam krute $20 dashalax-mulyena krutam. bronfman ityasya svaamitvasya kerenaa ityasya adheene traizek-nigamah sahitam swasampatti-vikasa-svaamitvasya vistaarah abhavat. 1978 tame varshe, kairena-byaankorp-holdings-ink. asya nirmanam jaatam, pashchat etat kerana-developments-limited iti abhavat., tathaa 1996 tame varshe brookfield-sampattayah. traijek ityasya adhigrahananantaram, kerenaa-samsthaa swa-sthaawar-sampatti-sampattim aakraamakaroopen vistrutaa. 1989 tame varshe, kerana olympia-nagarasya tathaa yaark-nagarasya vishva-vitteey-sampattyaah truteeyaamsham, aii.pee.vishvavyaapaarakendrasya sameepe nyuyaark-nagarasya vishva-vitteeyakendrasya swami, parantu bhaaree-runena, karyalaya-vipanyaah patanam cha saha sangharsham kurvan aasit. edper ityasya vitteeyasahayogen 1990 tamasya dashakasy aarambhe mandatayaha samaye kerana-ityasya vistaarah abhavat. o end-vai 1992 tame varshe patitah, chaturvarshaanantaram, karnaa (brookfield properties corporation iti namna) ityanena saha 47 pratishatam hissedaaree aasit, smiti-nyoon-kampanee diwala-sthityaa udabhavitaa. trijaika. 1970 tame varshe bronfman-bhraatrubhihi torrento-sthitasya traizek-corporation-limited ityasya board-madhye aanitam.kenada-deshasya bruhattameshu sampatti-vikaasakeshu anyatamah, tathaa cha 9 pratishatam samabhagam adadat. montriyal-nagarasya pratishtitasthaanasya vile-maaree ityasya nirmanartham traijek-ityasya nirmanam krutam aasit, anantaram bee. see. ee. ink. ityasya vikasa-vibhaagasya niyantranam cha praaptam. (bell-kenada ityasya pitaamah), bee. see. ee.-sthanasya, sampattih cha swami, yasya moolyam koti-koti-daalar-yaavat asti. 1976 tame varshe, kerenaa 25 pratishatam samabhaga-vyaajam, traizek ityasya prabhaavee-matadaan-niyantranam cha praapnot; 1970 tame dashake pashchat hishet 50.1% yaavat vardhitaa. 1974 tame varshe videsheey-niveshasya niyamanartham kenada-deshah videsheey-nivesha-samiksha-samsthaam nirmitavaan, tatah videsheey-svaamitva-samsthaayaah krute bhavishye nivesha-dhanam sanchayayitum kshamataayaah vishaye chintaah udbhootaah (britton-deshasya eegal-insurance-samsthaayaah api traijek-samsthaayaam bahusankhyak-hissedaaree aasit). 1975 tame varshe, edper ityanena saha ekam sahamatihi abhavat yat eegal-starr ityetam traijek ityasmin niyantraneey-hitam prati sthaapayishyati, parinaamakaari-niyantranam nootanam brofman-niyantrita-holding-kampanee, kerenaa-properties ityatra pravartayishyati. 1976 tame varshe bronfman-janaah traizek ityasya niyantranam sveekrutya mukhyakaryalayam calgary-krute sthanantarayan. 1979 tame varshe traijek ityasya sampatteh moolyam $1 billion atikramitam. tasmin eva varshe olympia-yaark-deshayoho, dutch-desha-sthaawar-sampatti-samsthaa enn. vi. belegingsmaatshapij verel-hev-deshayoho, igal-starr-insurance-deshayoho (aangl-sampattau atyadhikam niveshitam) madhye, yoo. key-desha-aadhaarit-aangl-sampatti-krute ekam bidim-yuddham vikasitam. traijek-deshe traijek-deshe tatah vyavahaaraah abhavan, yasya parinaamen edper tathaa o end vai ityetayoho traizek madhye 37 pratishatam samaanam hissedaaree aasit. 1980 tame varshe, traijek-samsthaa amerikaadeshastham ernest doubleu-samsthaam praaptavatee. hahn ink.'traijek ityasya sampattih $2 billion yaavat vardhayitvaa, traijek ityasya krayanakendrasya hitam cha traijek-haan iti punah namakaranam krutam. varshadvayaanantaram traijek ityasya sampatteh moolyam $4 billion aasit. 1990 tame varshe vaanijya-sthaawar-sampattau mandataa teevram abhavat, tathaa cha trishekhaan, olympia, yaark cha runena saha sangharsham krutavantah. 1994 tame varshe traijek-madhye baahyaroopen poonjeenikshepanena, edper ityasya amshah naamamaatr-parimanam yaavat nyooneekrutah. bruhad sarovarasamoohah. gret lakes-samoohah, uttar-ontario-madhye vidyudutpaadakah vitarakah cha asti, tasya holding-kampanee iti parivartanaat poorvam brascan-samsthaayaah svaamitvam aasit. 1984 tame varshe brascan-samsthaayaah 49 pratishatam bhaagam aasit, rayal-trustco, trillon-fanancial, brascan ityeteshu hishetebhyah vitteeyaniyamanasya laabham praaptum dalali-samsthaayaam parivartitam. 1990 tame varshe hees-varyaha 35 pratishatam, trilon-11 pratishatam cha amsham agruhnaat. pashchat asya kampenee ityasya naam brascan-power iti krutam, yat kenada-deshasya bruhattameshu vidyut-utpadakanam madhye anyatam asti. samprati asya naam brookfield-renewabul iti asti. hey byaankarp. hess 1975 tame varshe national hees-enterpraijas-limited iti namna aarabhat, 1983 tame varshe tasya naam hees-antarashtriya-nigamah iti, hees-antarashtriya-byaankorp-ink iti cha parivartitam. 1988 tame varshe, merchant-byaank hees-international-byankarp 1980 tame dashakasy ante "brascan-ityasya tantrikaa-kendraroopen" karyam krutavaan. hees-ityasya jyaak-kaakvel ityeshah ekaha pramukhah rananeetidnyah aasit, yah anekeshu saarwajanik-vyaapaar-samsthaasu bronfman-dhanam niveshayan, mahattvapoornam vaa niyantrakam vaa ruchim avaapnot. 1996 tame varshe edper-group-limited iti samsthaayaah vilinena samsthaayaah samyojanaat poorvam edper-samuhasya 39 pratishatam hii-ityasya svaamitvam aasit. saha eva eva keshuchit kampaneeshu, yathaa edper ityasya anyeshu holdings madhye, bruhad-amshadhaaranam krutavaan. hess, edper ityasya pratyaksha-sahabhagitavina api kampenee-samsthaam api arjitavaan, yeshu nimnalikhitaani api antarbhavanti. 1981 tame varshe torrento-sthitasya kenada-mahadvipiya-byaank ityasya nirmanam jaatam, yatra hess-antarashtriya-samsthaayaah bruhattamah amshabhaagah aasit. 1986 tame varshe, eshah byaank 6 tamam bruhattamam kenada-deshasya chillar-byaank, deshasya 15 tamam bruhattamam vitteey-samsthaa cha aasit. tasmin eva varshe, yoo. key.-sthitena lloyds-byaank ityanena tatt adhigrahitam, yat pashchat haang-kaang-byaank aaf-kenada ityanena adhigrahitam. pagurian. pagurian-patrikaayaah aarambhah, seemita-prakaashan-vibhaagah tathaa pagurian-patrikaa-vibhaagah iti abhavat.yasya sthapana phillip christopher ondaatje ityanena krutaa. 1975 tame varshe ontario-nagare asya nigamanam abhavat, 1977 tame varshe tasya naam parivartya pagurian corporation limited iti krutam. 1988 tame varshe tasya 500 dashalax-daalar-mulyasya vividhaah sampattih aasan, 1 shatakoti-daalar-mulyasya niyantritasampattih cha aasit, yadaa 1988 tame varshe ondaatje hiz-antarashtriya-samsthaayai vikreeyat, tathaa hiz-samsthaayaah upadhyakshah abhavat. hess-byaankorp ityasya jyaak-kaak-well ityanena, varishtaihi edper-samooh-vyavasthaapakaih cha pagurian-pradesha niyantritah aasit. 1993 tame varshe, edper-holdings ityasya svaamitvam edper-niveshaihi 50.1% tathaa pagurian-nigamena 49.9% aasit. 1997 tame varshe, edpers ityasya sahayakasya sahaayak-samsthaayaah rupena aarabhy, edpers iteedam gruheetavaan, tasya poorva-corporate-pitaamah naam sveekrutavaan; pagurian ityasya naam edpers-group-limited iti krutam. brascan. edper ityayam torrento-aadharitam brascan-limited samsthaam praapnot.1979 tame varshe khanan-vaneekaran-nirmaana-kshetre, brazilian-aadhaarit-vidyut-parivahana-vishaye cha vividha-hitaani yuktah vyaapak-dhaaranayukt-kampanee, adhigrahanam 1978 tame varshe nishshabdataya aarabdham, sheeghramev shatrutaapoorn-adhigrahanam abhavat, yasya parinaamen 1979 tame varshe kernaa-byaankorp ityasya brascan-deshasya 50.1% svaamitvam praaptam. 1979 maarch-maase, edper-niveshah edper-equities-limited iteedam nirmitavaan. brascan ityasya niyantranam vaa svaamitvam vaa praaptum, edper-niveshasya 66 pratishatam, petino-ityasya cha svaamitvam cha.vi. netherlands-deshasya 34 pratishatam edper-ikviti-ityetaani santi. praayah 5 pratishatasya praarambhik-krayanasya anantaram, edper-samsthaa american-stack-ekchenj ityatra krayanasya vyavasthaa krutvaa, dine dwe dine 31 pratishatam yaavat swa-hissedaarim vardhayat, yat adyaparyantam asya ekchenj-samsthaayaah bruhattama-vyavahaarah asti, yadyapi brascan-samsthaa tatra suchibaddham naasti. edper ityanena vaktavyaani jaareeh yat saha brascan-deshasya adhigrahanasya prayasam naa karoti iti. rakshaatmak-chaalaroopen, brascan-varyaha $1.12 billion-mulyasya chaaweh ef-krute ghoshayat.doubleu. wool-vart-kampanee, yaa drudatayaa saarvajanikaroopena cha virodham akarot. brascan-samsthaa amerikaadeshasy mandal-nyayalaye ekam nirodhaatmakam aadesham praapnot yat, amerikaadeshasy pratibhooti-vidhi-samhitaanaam kathita-ullamghanasya karanat edper-samsthaa swasya 5 pratishataat adhika-amshaan upayoktum naa shaknoti iti. nirodha-aadeshasy apasarananantaram 1979 joon-maase edper-varyaha svasvatvasya vruddhyartham nootanam prayatnam akarot. brascan samarthanartham vaktavyam pradadat tathaa cha edper swasya svaamitvam 50.1% yaavat vardhayitum saphalah abhavat. tadanantaram, ontario-pratibhooti-ayogah torrento-stack-ekschenj-madhye suchibaddhanam kampanee-ityeteshaam (yathaa brascan-ityadinam) adhigrahanam anyeshu adhikaarakshetreshu api tasya niyamanam viruddham naa kartum swasya niyamaan samshodhayat, yathaa edd-purr ityanena amex-madhye brascan-ityasya aghoshita-adhigrahanam. antatah brascan-nagaram edper ityanena saha vileenam jaatam, 2000 tamaat varshaat brookfield-parisampatti-vyavasthaapanam iti namna prasidhah asti. 1982 tame varshe, noranda ink. kenada-deshasya bruhattamasya kagajarupena utpaadite, vaanakoovar-aadhaaritasy mcmillan-blodel-limited ityasya, 49.8% iteedam krinaat.$623 krute, 1993 tame varshe $793 krute vikreeyat. trilon vitteeyam. 1982 tame varshe, trillon vitteey-nigamah brascan-limited ityasya sahaayak-samsthaaroopen nirmitah. tasmin samaye yadaa viniyamana-nishedhah vitteey-kampenee-ityetaan nootanavipanyeshu praveshtum, landan-jeevan-aashvasti-kampanee, rayal-trust-kampanee ityetaan cha praaptum anumanyata, ye dwau api brascan-deshasya alpasankhyak-sthaanam dhaarayanti sma. tasya prathama-shanmaaseshu, trillon-samsthaa kenada-deshasya shashtam bruhattamam vitteeyasamsthaa abhavat, kevalam pancha bruhat-kenada-vittakoshaanaam anantaram. pattarupena videsheeyavipanyeshu cha asya vistaarah abhavat. 2007 tame varshe, reachman-bhraatrubhihi 13 pratishatam vyaajam praaptam. 1990 tamam varshaparyantam, kenada-deshasya bruhattamam chillar-vividheekruta-vitteey-sevaa-samsthaa aasit, 1996 tame varshe $6.2 shatakoti-raajaswah aasit cha iti tasya vistaarah abhavat. 2002 tame varshe asya naam brascan-fanancial iti krutam. 1983 tame varshe trillon-samsthaa torrento-sthitasya rayal-trust-samsthaayaah 42 pratishatam bhaagam krinaat, yaa kenada-deshasya bruhattameshu trust-samsthaasu, bandhaka-pradaateshu cha anyatamah aasit. 1993 tame varshe asya retain-trust-karyani rayal-byaank-aaf-kenada-samsthaayai vikreeyant. sheshaah gentra ink iti abhavan. tatah param brookfield-karyalaya-sampattih. 1982 taha 1983 paryantam trillon-samsthaa, kenada-deshasya bruhattameshu sampattishu, jeevan-aashvasti-samsthaasu anyatamasy, torrento-sthitasya landan-jeevan-aashvasti-samsthaayaah 98 pratishatam bhaagam gruheetavatee. uttaradhikaraha. bronfman-bhratrunam edper-samsthaayaam tasya sahaayakasamsthaasu cha sahabhaagitvam 1995 tame varshe samaaptam, parantu adhikaamshaah kampenee-samsthah nirantaram pravartanta. edper-samrajyasya trayah pramukhah holding-kampaneeh - edper, hees, pagurian-ityete sarve 1990 tame dashake 2000 tame dashakasy aarambhe cha brascan ityanena gruheetaani aasan. jyaak kaakvel tathaa traver aitan cha brascan-samsthaam tasya sahaayak-samsthaam cha bahu saralam corporate-samrachanaayaam punargatitavantah, yatra trayah mukhyavibhaagaah aasanh real-state (trashecon-samsthaayaah), power (brascan-samsthaayaah), vitteeyasevaah (poorvam trillon-samsthaayaah) cha. trillon-samsthaa mukhyataya brascan-deshasya vitteey-vibhaagaroopen karyam kurvan anwawartat, 2002 tame varshe brascan-samsthaa, trillon-ityasya avashishtaan bhagan swakeeyam agriheet. 2002 tame varshe brascan-samsthaa brookfield-parisampatti-vyavasthaapanam iti namakaranam krutavatee. 2006 tame varshe, traizek properties ink. tathaa tasya kenada-sambadhah trizek-kenada-ink. brookfield properties carpet ityanena saha vileenam krutam. (poorvam kerana) $8.9 billion mulyasya ekaa vyavahaare.

eder muthaleedugal eder muthaleedugal limited. 1959 mattrum 1995 kku idaiyil cakoothararkalaana edward bronfman mattrum piittar bronfman aakiyoarukku muthanmaiyaana holding niruvanam mattrum muthaleettu vaaganamaaga irunththathu. 1980 kazhil adhan uchchaththil, 1990 kalin murpaguthiyil, edber kanadaavin migapperiya corporate niruvanangalil ontraakum, 500 kkum maerpatta thaniyar mattrum pagirangkamaaga varththagam seiyappadum niruvanangalai 100 billion dollar mathippulla oru sikkalaana kattamaippil kattuppaduththiyathu, 100,000 kkum maerpatta kanadiyargalai paniyamarththiyathu, maelum torrando pankuch santhaiyin moththa moolathanaththil 15 sathaveethaththaik kondirundhadhu. torrendoviche saerntha irandu cakoothararkalin peyarkalin kalavaiyaaga irukkum eder, aarambaththil seekram niruvanamaana limidettil avarkalin nalangalilirunthu varum varumaanaththudan nidhiyalikkappattathu. montrial adippadaiyilaana kilayil avarkalin uravinargalin mukiya muthaleedugal avarkalin sontha holding niruvanamaana semp muthaleedugal moolam nirvagikkappattana. varalaaru. 1959 aam aandil eder niruvappattathu, sumar 15 million america dollarkal varumaanaththudan avarkalin pankukalil paathiyil irunthu avarkal kadar koattangalil virka vaendiya kattaayam aerpattathu, avarkal kattuppaattaith thakka vaitthuk kondanar. aduththa naanku thasaapthankalil, eder oru niruvanaththil kudumba pankukalai vaiththiruppathil irunthu kanadaavin sila periya niruvanangalil peruniruvana kaiyagappaduthudhalukkaana narpeyarudan oru parantha niruvanamaaga valarnthathu. keezhae oru kaalavarisai ullathu amaippu. eder muthaleedugal limited niruvanaththin urimai. cakoothararkalaana edward mattrum piittar aagiyoarin thanipatta arakkattalaikalaal nadaththappattathu. adhan amaippu 1989 kkup piragu maariyathu, aanaal adhan iruppin perumbaguthi ovvoru cakoothararin thaniyar arakkattalaigalukkum sonthamaanathu. eder corporate paerarasu adhan sikkalaana urimai mattrum kattuppaattukkaana valaiyil irunthu maelae adukkukku virivadainththathu. adhan niruvana amaippu sikkalaana kanakkiyal mattrum sikkalaana uththigal mattrum peruniruvana kattamaippugalai kavanamaaga payanpaduththuvathan moolam "migavum, migavum sikkalaanathu" mattrum "thalaikeezhaaga" vivarikkappattathu, idhu kanadaavin oppeettalavil manthamaana paththirangkal sattangal, varich sattangal mattrum velippaattuth thaevaigal aagiyavattraip payanpaduththiyathu, idhan vilaivaaga adhan viraivaana valarchi migavum sikkalaana, piramidu beararasaaga maariyathu. eder kattuppadutthinaar, aanaal pala niruvanangalai sonthamaaga vaiththirukavillai. thaniyar niruvanamaana eder oru podhu niruvanaththil kattupaattu pankukalai vaiththiruka mudiyum, adhu mattroru podhu niruvanaththil kattupaattu pankukalaik kondirukkum, adhu mattroru podhu niruvanaththil kattupaattu pangaik kondirukkum, adhan sontha panaththil adhiga alavu payanpaduththaamal. pira uththigal kurukku urimai mattrum oru thaai niruvanaththin thunai niruvanaththin pakuthi urimai mattrum podhu muthaleettaalargalukku kattuppadutthappatta allathu vaakkalikkaatha pankukalai thaaraalamaagap payanpaduththuthal mattrum ull nabarkalukku suuppar-woating pankukal payanpaduththappattana. ivai, eder paerarasu thanathu sonthap panaththaip payanpaduththaamal billion kanakkaana dollarkalai thiratta uthaviyathu. enbathukalin aetrtraththin poathu, branfman-inaikappatta niruvanangal kanadaavil ulla mattravargalai vida adhiga paththirangkalai veliyittana mattrum 30 billion dollarukkum athigamaana pankukalai thirattina. eder mattrum adhan pala thunai niruvanangalin nirvaagaththil perithum eedupattiruntha irandu cakoothararkalaith thavira, eder kuzhumaththin viraivaana virivaakkam mattrum nirvaagaththil mukiya pangku vagiththa irandu aangal irunthanar 1960 kazhil bronfmangalaal paniyamarthappatta kanakkaalar jaak cockwell, pinnar hees sarvadesa/bancorp, eder pankukal mattrum eder muthaleedugalukku thalaimai thaangkinaar; mattrum brascan limited niruvanaththirku thalaimai thaangkiya corporate vazhakkarinyar trever aittan. eder kaiyagappaduththiyathaith thodarnthu. cuddon mattrum sarivu. 1989ill adhan uchchanilaikkup piragu, 1990kalin murpaguthiyil eder paerarasin veelchchikku pala kaaranigal inainthanah oru periya porulaathaara manthanilai, olympia mattrum yark sarivu, mukiya soththukkalin varuvaai mattrum mathippeedu aagiya irandaiyum paathiththa vaniga riyal estatle aerpatta sarivu, negizhvaana nidhi mattrum sikkalaana urimai kattamaippugalin aaivu athikariththana. varuvaayaip porutthavarai, cuddon kadamaigalai eedukatta thunai niruvanangalidamirunthu avattrin thaai niruvanangalukku eevuththogai seluththuthalgalai eder corporate amaippu perithum nambiyirunthathu. torrando pankuch santhaiyil ulla muthal 35 niruvanangalin saraasariyai vida avarkalin uuthiya vigitham meendum paathi periyathaaka irukkum endru mathippidappattathu. sila branfman niruvanangal varumanaththil pathivu seithathai vida eevuththogaiyil adhiga panam seluththina. aidi1 ill thangal thodarchchiyaana izhappugalai eeduseiya, eder niruvanangal verum 20 maathangkalil pangku pirachchanaikal, soththu virpanai mattrum cuddon nidhi moolam 9 billion dollarukkum athigamaaga thirattina. 1993 aam aandin thodakkaththil, eder pipravari maathaththil mattum kurippidatthakka vagaiyil $1.96 billion mathippulla sothukkalai virkath thodangkinaar. 1989 mattrum 1993 kku idaiyil eder niruvanaththin santhai moolathanam 90 sathaveetham kurainthathu. maattram. piittar kattuppaattil irukka anumathikkum athae neraththil niruvanangalilirunthu thannaip piriththedukka oru vazhiyai edvardukku vazhangkuvatharkaaga, kuzhumaththirkaana puthiya mukiya holding niruvanamaaga edber niruvanangal uruvaakkappattana, maelum 1989 aam aandil podhumakkalukku pankukalai veliyittana. perumbaanmai urimai edber holdingsall thakkavaikkappattathu, atharkul idhu edber muthaleedugalaal (piittar) 50.1% mattrum paakuriyan corporationol 49.9% sonthamaaga irunththathu, idhu jaak cockwell thalaimaiyilaana kuluvaal kattuppaduththappattathu. piittar bronfmanudon kattamaikappatta koottaanmaigalai kavanamaagap payanpaduththuvathan moolamum, panappulakkaththaik kattuppaduththuvathan moolamum, jaak cockwell eder-aii eduththuk kondaar. periya nilangkal. eder pala niruvanangalil neradi mattrum maraimuga urimai nalangalaik kondirundhaar. adhan peruniruvanap beararasukku migapperiya mattrum miga mukkiyamaanavattrin pattiyal keezhae ullathu. karena bancorp. 1971 aam aandil, kanadiya arangka niruvanam (karena) molson kudumbaththidamirunthu 15 million dollarkalukku rondell litty (buck muthaleedugal lii. dii. dii) endra niruvanatthaal vaangkappattathu."aangkilaththil), bronfman cakoothararkal thalaimaiyilaana urimaiyaalargalin koottamaippu. kerena thaesiya haakki leak montrial canadians urimaiyaalaraaka irunthaar, montrial mandraththin maelaalaraaka irunthaar, bell center mattrum killet pozhuthupoakku kuzhuvai ulladakkiya soththukkaludan. 1978 aam aandil, kanadiyan anii 20 million dollarukku molson madhubaana urpaththi nilaiyangalukku virkappattathu. bronfman urimaiyin keezh, kerana thanathu soththugal maempaattu urimaigalai virivupaduththiyathu, idhil trisec corporation adangkum. 1978 aam aandil, karena bancorp holdings ink. idhu uruvaakkappattathu, pinnar idhu karena developments limited aanathu., mattrum 1996 brookfield soththukkalil. tricekkaip pettra piragu, karena thanathu riyal estate nilangkalai aakroashamaaga virivupaduththiyathu. 1989 aam aandil, olympia & yorkin ulaga nidhich soththil moontril oru pangai karena vaankinaar.puughal.ulaga varththaga myyaththai otiyulla newyorg nagaraththin ulaga nidhi maiyaththin urimaiyaalar, aanaal kanaraga kadanil poaraadinaar mattrum aluvalaga santhai sarinthathu. eder nidhi aatharavudan, 1990 kalin murpaguthiyil porulaathaarap pinnadaivin poathu karena virivadainththathu. ooo & oy 1992 ill sarinthathu, naanku aandugalukkup piragu melithaana niruvanam thivaalaagi, karena (brookfield properties corporation) 47 sathaveetha pankukalai vaiththirunthathu. mukkoanamaaga. 1970 aam aandil, branfman cakoothararkal torrendovai thalamaagak konda trisec corporation limited kuzhuvil kondu varappattanar.kanadaavin migapperiya soththu maempaattaalargalil oruvaraana ivar, 9 sathaveetha pankukalai valangkinaar. montrialin chinnamaana idam ville maeriyaik kattuvatharkaaga trisec uruvaakkappattathu, pinnar pce ink inn maempaattup pirivin kattuppaattaip pettrathu. (bell kanadaavin pettroar), pce idam mattrum billion kanakkaana dollar mathippulla soththin urimaiyaalar. 1976 aam aandil, karena 25 sathaveetha pangku vatti mattrum trisechin payanulla vaakkalippu kattuppaattaip pettrathu; 1970 kalin pirpaguthiyil inththa pangku 50.1% aaga uyarththappattathu. 1974 aam aandil velinaattu muthaleettai ozhungkupaduththa kanada velinaattu muthaleettu maruaaivu niruvanatthai uruvaakkiya piragu, oru velinaattu niruvanaththirku ethirkaala muthaleettu panaththai thirattum thiran kuritthu kavalaigal ezhunththana (brittanin eekil kaappeedu innum trisecle perumbaanmai pangaik kondirundhadhu). 1975 aam aandil, eder udan oru oppantham ettappattathu, idhu kazhugu natchaththiratthai trisecle kattupaattu aarvaththudan vittuch sellum, athae neraththil payanulla kattuppaadu oru puthiya brofman-kattuppadutthappatta holding niruvanamaana karena sothukkalukku nagarum. 1976 vaakkil, bronfmans trisechin kattupaattai eduththuk kondu thalaimai aluvalagaththai kaalsarigalukku maattrinar. 1979 vaakkil, trisechin soththukkalin mathippu 1 billion dollarkalaith thaandiyathu. athae aandu olympia & yark, duchu riyal estate niruvanamaana enn. vii. belegingsmatshippij verelt mattrum eekil starr insurance (idhu aangkila soththil perithum muthaleedu seiyappattathu) aagiyavattrukku idaiyae englaandhai thalamaagak konda aangkila soththugalukkaaga oru aelap poar uruvaanathu. trisecle thangal urimaiyaip paathukaappathil akkarai konda bronfmans, olympia & yorkin raichman cakoothararkaludan oru oppanththaththirku vanthanar, kanadaavin irandu periya sothukkal maempaattu kavalaigal idaiyae ethirkaala poattiyaith thavirkka. pinnar parivarththanaigal maerkollappattana, idhan vilaivaaga eder mattrum ooo & oy irandum trisecle samamaana 37 sathaveetha pankukalaik kondirunthana. 1980 aam aandil, trisec americavai thalamaagak konda ernest doublue aii vaangkiyathu. hawn ink.'trisechin sothukkalai 2 billion daalaraaga uyarthiya trisechin shopping center nalangal, trisec trisecon endru marupeyaridappattathu. irandu aandugalukkup piragu, trisechin soththukkalin mathippu 4 billion dollarkal aagum. 1990 vaakkil, vaniga riyal estatle manthanilai kadumaiyaaga maariyathu, maelum trisson mattrum olympia mattrum yark aagiya irandum kadanudan poaraadina. 1994 aam aandil trisecle moolathanaththai velippuramaaga utcheluthiyathaith thodarnthu, eder pankukal peyaralavilaana thogaiyaagak kuraikkappattana. periya aerikal kuzhu. grade lakes kuzhumam, vada-onrariyoavai thalamaagak konda minsaara urpaththiyaalarum viniyoagastharumaana brascan oru holding niruvanamaaga maattrappaduvatharku munbu atharkuch sonthamaanathu. 1984aam aandukkul, brascan niruvanaththil 49 sathaveetha pankukalai vaiththirunthathu, maelum raayal trustco, trylan binancial mattrum brascan aagiya niruvanangalil ulla pangkugaludan nidhi kattuppaadugalai thalarththuvathaip payanpaduththik kolvatharkaaga adhu oru tharagu niruvanamaaga maattrappattathu. 1990aam aandukkul, hees 35 sathaveetha pankukalaiyum, trylan 11 sathaveetha pankukalaiyum vaangkiyirunthathu. inththa niruvanam pinnar kanadaavin migapperiya minn urpaththiyaalargalil ontraana brascan power endru peyaridappattathu. idhu tharpoothu brookfield puthuppikkaththakkathu endru azhaikkappadukirathu. avar bancorp. 1975 aam aandil thaesiya hees niruvanangal limited aagath thodangiyathu, 1983 aam aandil adhan peyarai hees sarvadesa corporation endrum, hees sarvadesa bancorp ink endrum maattriyathu. 1988 aam aandil vaniga vangki hees international bancorp 1980 kalin pirpaguthiyil "piraaskaanukkaana narambu maiyamaaga" seyalpattathu. heasin jaak cockwell oru mukiya mooloabaaya nipunaraaga irunthaar, branfman panaththai pala pagirangkamaaga varththagam seiyappadum niruvanangalil muthaleedu seithu kurippidatthakka allathu kattupaattu vattiyaip pettraar. 1996ill irandu niruvanangalum ontrinainthu eder kuzhumaththai uruvaakkuvatharku munbu, eder kuzhumam 39 sathaveetha pankukalai vaiththirunthathu. eder niruvanaththin mattra pankukalaip poalavae athae niruvanangalil silavattrilum avar periya pankukalai vaiththirunthaar. eder neradiyaaga eedupadaatha niruvanangalaiyum avar kaiyagappadutthinaar, avattril pinvaruvana adangum 1981 aam aandil, torrendovai thalamaagak konda kanadaavin kanda vangki uruvaakkappattathu, idhil hees international migapperiya pankukalai vaiththirunthathu. 1986 vaakkil, inththa vangki 6 vadhu periya kanadiya sillarai vangkiyaagavum, naattin 15 vadhu periya nidhi niruvanamaagavum irunththathu. athae aandu adhai englaandhai thalamaagak konda lloyds vangki vaangkiyathu, pinnar adhu hangaong baangk off kanadawal vaangkappattathu. bagur. paakuriyan limited mattrum paakuriyan piras limited idaikkanippaagath thodangiyathu.idhu pilip christopher ontadje enbavaraal niruvappattathu. idhu 1975 aam aandil onraariyoavil inaikkappattathu, 1977 aam aandil adhan peyarai paakuriyan corporation limited endru maattriyathu. 1988 aam aandil idhu 500 million dollarukkum athigamaana mathippulla palvaeru sothukkalaik kondirundhadhu mattrum 1988 aam aandil ontadje adhai hees internationalukku vitrtrapoathu 1 billion dollarukkum athigamaana sothukkalaik kattuppaduththiyathu, maelum heasin thunaith thalaivaraaga aanaar. paakuriyan hees bancorbin jaak cockwell mattrum mooththa eder kuzhu maelaalargalaal kattuppaduththappattathu. 1993 vaakkil, eder pankukalil urimai eder muthaleedugalaal 50.1% aagavum, paakuriyan corporationol 49.9% aagavum irunththathu. 1997 aam aandil, edersin thunai niruvanaththin thunai niruvanamaaga thodangiya idhu, edersike kaippattri adhan munnaal corporate thaaththaavin peyarai aetrtrukkondathu; paakuriyan eder groob limited endru marupeyaridappattathu. praash. edber torrandovai thalamaagak konda brascan limidettai vaangkiyathu.surangam, vanaviyal, kaaichchudhal mattrum brazily adippadaiyilaana minsaaram mattrum poakkuvaraththu nalangalil panmugappaduththappatta aarvangkalaik konda oru paravalaaka nadatthappadum holding niruvanam, 1979 ill. kaiyagappaduththal 1978 ill amaithiyaagath thodangiyathu, viraivil oru viroatha kaiyagappaduththalaaga maariyathu, idhan vilaivaaga 1979 karna bancorp brascanai sonthamaaga vaiththathu. maarch, 1979 ill, eder muthaleedugal eder pankukal limited niruvanatthai uruvaakkina. brascan kattuppaadu allathu urimaiyaip perum nokkaththirkaaga, eder muthaleedugal 66 sathaveethaththaiyum, patino, enn.vii. netherlandin 34 sathaveetham eder pankukal. sumar 5 sathaveetham aaramba kolmudhal seitha piragu, brascan angku pattiyalidappadavillai entraalum, america pankuch santhaiyil kolmudhal seivathai aerpaadu seivathan moolam irandu naall kaalappagudhiyil eder thanathu pankukalai 31 sathaveethamaaga athikariththathu, idhu intruvarai parimaattraththin migapperiya parivarthanai aagum. eder brascanai kaippattra muyarchikkavillai endru arikkaikalai veliyittaar. tharkaappu nagarvugalaaga, brascan eff-kku 1.12 billion dollar aelaththai arivitthaar.doublue. valuvaagavum pagirangkamaagavum ethirththa kambeni. amerikkap patthirach sattangalai meeriyathaagak koorappadum kaaranatthaal eder thanathu pankukalil 5 sathaveethaththirkum athigamaagap payanpaduththuvathaith thadukkum oru thadai uththaravai america mavatta neethimandraththil brascan pettrathu. thadai uttaravu neekkapatta piragu, juun 1979 ill, eder adhan urimaiyai uyarththa oru puthiya muyarchiyai veliyittaar. brascan aatharavaaka oru arikkaiyai veliyittaar, maelum eder adhan urimaiyai 50.1% aaga athikarippathil vettri pettraar. pinnar, onrariyoa paththirangkal aanaiyam torrando pankuch santhaiyil pattiyalidappatta niruvanangalai (brascan poantravai) adhan vithigalukku ethiraaga nadaththappaduvathaith thaduka adhan vithigalaith thiruththiyathu, eder brascanai amaxil arivikkappadaatha kaiyagappaduththudhal poantra pira athikaara varambugalil kooda. iruthiyil brascan eder udan inaikkappattathu mattrum 2000 muthal brookfield soththu maelaanmai endru azhaikkappadukirathu. 1982 ill, noranda ink. kanadaavin migapperiya kaagitha urpathtiyaalaraana vaankoovarai thalamaagak konda makemillan ploadel limited niruvanaththidamirunthu 49.8% vaangkappattathu.idhu 1993 aam aandil $623 kku virkappattathu. trylan nidhi. 1982 aam aandil, trillon nidhik kazhagam brascan limited niruvanaththin thunai niruvanamaaga uruvaakkappattathu. kattuppaadugal thalarththappatta neraththil nidhi niruvanangal puthiya santhaigalil nuzhiyavum, lundon aayul kaapeettu niruvanam mattrum raayal trust niruvanatthai vaangkavum anumathiththana, ivai irandum kanisamaana sirupaanmai padhavigalai vagiththana. adhan muthal aaru maathangkalukkul, trilon kanadaavin aaraavathu periya nidhi niruvanamaaga maariyathu, periya ainthu kanediya vangkigalukku aduththapadiyaaga. idhu kuththagai mattrum velinaattu santhaigalilum virivadainththathu. 2007ill, reachman cakoothararkal 13 sathaveetha vattiyaip pettranar. 1990aam aandukkul kanadaavin migapperiya sillarai palvagaippaduththappatta nidhich saevai niruvanamaaga vilangkiya idhu, 1996aam aandil 6.2 billion dollar varuvaayaik kondirundhadhu. 2002 aam aandil, idhu brascan financial endru marupeyaridappattathu. 1983 aam aandil kanadaavin migapperiya arakkattalai niruvanangal mattrum adamaana vazhangkunargalil ontraana torrendovai thalamaagak konda raayal arakkattalai niruvanaththil 42 sathaveethaththai trilone vaangkiyathu. adhan thakkavaippu arakkattalai nadavadikkaikal 1993 aam aandil kanadaavin raayal vangkikku virkappattana. meethamullavargal gentra ink aanaargal. pinnar brookfield aluvalaga sothukkal. 1982 mattrum 1983 kku idaiyil, kanadaavin migapperiya soththu mattrum aayul kaapeettu niruvanangalil ontraana torrendovil ulla lundon aayul kaapeettu niruvanaththil 98 sathaveethaththai trilon vaangkiyathu. marabu. eder mattrum adhan thunai niruvanangalil bronfman cakoothararkalin pankeerpu 1995 ill mudivadainthathu, aanaal perumpaalaana niruvanangal thodarnthana. eder paerarasin moontru mukiya holding niruvanangal - eder, hees, paakuriyan-anaiththum 1990 kazhilum 2000 kalin murpaguthiyilum proscanol kaippattrappattana. jaak cockwell mattrum trever aittan aagiyoar brascan mattrum adhan thunai niruvanangalai migavum elimaiyaana peruniruvana kattamaippaaga maruseeramaiththanar, moontru mukiya prevugaludan riyal estate (trissaanilirunthu), power (piraaskanilirunthu), mattrum nidhi sevaigal (munbu trilon). trillan perumpaalum brascan nidhi pirivaaga thodarnthu paniyaattrinaar, 2002 aam aandil, brascan aerkanavae sonthamaaga illaatha trillen meethamulla pankukalai eduththuk kondadhu. 2002 aam aandil, brascan thannai brookfield soththu maelaanmai endru marupeyarittathu. 2006 aam aandil, trisec panbugal ink. mattrum adhan kanadiya thunai niruvanamaana trissec kanada ink. brookfield properties corporationudon inaikkappattathu. (munbu karena) 8.9 billion dollar mathippulla oru oppanthaththil.

edper pettubadulu edper investments limited. 1959 mariyu 1995 madhya edward bronfman mariyu peater bronfman sodarulaku idhi praadhamika holding company mariyu pettubadi vahanam. 1980laloe daani sikharagra samayamlo, mariyu 1990la praarambhamlo, kenadaaloni atipedda corporate sammelanaalalo edper okati, 500 kante ekkuva private mariyu bahirangamgaa vartakam chese companylanu 100 billion dollarla viluvaina sanklishta nirmaanamloo niyantrinchindi, 100,000 kante ekkuva kenadiyanlaku upaadhi kalpinchindi mariyu torranto stock exchange yokka mottam capitalisationlo 15 saataanni kaligi undhi. torranto aadhaarita iddaru sodarula paerla sammelanam ayina edper, praarambhamlo seagram company limited loe vaari aasaktula nundi vachhe aadaayamtho nidhulu samakuurchindi. montrial aadhaarita saakhalo vaari daayaadula pradhana pettubadulu vaari swantha holding company, shibira pettubadula dwara nirvahinchabadataayi. charitra. eder 1959loe sthaapinchabadindi, seegraamlalo vaari vatalalo sagam nundi vacchina sumaru $15 millionla aadaayamtho vaaru kutumbam yokka montrial saakhachae vikrayinchavalasi vachindi, vaaru niyantrananu konasaaginchaaru. taruvaati naalugu dasaabdaalalo, edper oke companylo vaataala kutumba holding nundi kenadaaloni konni atipedda companylalo corporate swaadheenaalaku prasiddhi chendina vistaaramaina sammelanamgaa edigindi. krinda oka kalakramam undih nirmaanam. edper investments limited yajamanyam. edward mariyu peater sodarula vyaktigata trustlu dheenini nirvahinchaayi. 1989 taruvaata daani nirmaanam maarindi, conny daani unikilo ekkuva bhaagam idhi prati sodarudi private trustla yajamanyamlo undedi. edfer corporate saamrajyam daani klishtamaina yajamanyam mariyu niyantranaku prasiddhi chendindi, idhi agra shreni nundi vistarinchindi. daani samsthaagata nirmaanam chikkaina accounting mariyu sanklishta vyuuhaalu mariyu corporate nirmaanaalanu jagrattagaa upayoginchadam dwara "chaalaa, chaalaa sanklishtamainadi" mariyu "digbhraantikaramainadi" gaa varninchabadindi, kenada yokka saapekshamgaa mandapati securityla chattalu, pannu chattalu mariyu bahirgatam avasaralanu pettubadi pettadam valla daani vegavantamaina perugudala atyanta sanklishtamaina, parasparam allina companylu mariyu cross-yajamanya pyramid saamrajyamgaa maarindi. edper niyantrinchevaadu conny chaalaa companylanu kaligi laedu. praivaetu yaajamaanyamloni edper oka prabhutva samsthalo niyantrana vatanu kaligi undavacchu, adhi maroka prabhutva samsthalo niyantrana vatanu kaligi untundi, idhi daani swantha dabbunu ekkuvagaa upayoginchakundaa maroka prabhutva samsthalo niyantrana vatanu kaligi untundi. upayoginchina itara vyuuhaalu, maatru samstha yokka cross-yajamanyam mariyu pakshika yajamanyam, daani anubandha samstha dwara mariyu prabhutva pettubadidaarulaku parimitam cheyabadina ledhaa ootu veyakapoyina sherlanu udaaramgaa upayoginchadam mariyu antargata vyaktulaku suupar-oating sherlanu upayoginchadam. ivi edper saamrajyam thana sonta dabbunu ekkuvagaa upayoginchakundaa billionla dollarlanu sekarinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchaayi. enabhaila vijrumbhana samayamlo, bramfman-anusandhaaninchabadina companylu kenadaalo andarikante ekkuva securitylanu jaarii chesaayi mariyu 30 billion dollarla kante ekkuva eekviteeni sekarinchaayi. edper mariyu daani anubandha samsthala nirvahanalo ekkuvagaa palgonna iddaru sodarulato paatu, edper group yokka vegavantamaina vistarana mariyu nirvahanalo keelaka paatralu pooshinchina maroe iddaru vyaktulu unnaru 1960laloe bramfmanlu niyaminchina accountant jaak cockwell, taruvaata hease international/bancorp, edper eekviteelu mariyu edper investmentsku naayakatvam vahinchaaru; mariyu brascan limited kuu naayakatvam vahinchina corporate nyaayavaadi trever iton. edper yokka samuparjana taruvaata. runam mariyu patanam. 1989loe daani garishta sthaayi taruvaata, aneka amsaalu kalisi 1990la praarambhamlo edper saamrajyam daadaapu pathanaaniki karanamayyayi oka pedda aardhika maandyam, olympia mariyu yark patanam, keelaka aastula aadaayam mariyu madimpu rendintinee prabhaavitam chesina vaanijya real estatelo ksheenata, parapati financing mariyu sanklishta yajamanya nirmaanaala pariseelana perigindi. aadaayam kosam, edfer corporate nirmaanam runa baadhyatalanu teerchadaaniki anubandha samsthala nundi vaari maatru samsthalaku dividend chellimpulapai ekkuvagaa aadhaarapadindi. torranto stock ekschenjloni agra 35 companyla sagatu kante vaari chellimpu nishpatti sagam ekkuvagaa undani anchanaa veyabadindi. konni bramfman companylu aadaayamlo namodu chesina daanikante ekkuva dividendlanu chellinchaayi. tama nashtalanu tagginchukodaniki, edper companylu kevalam 20 nelallo share issuelu, aasti ammakalu mariyu runa financing dwara 9 billion dollarlaku paiga sekarinchaayi. 1993 praarambhamlo, edper fibravari nelaloo matrame $1.96 billionla viluvaina aastulanu vikrayinchadam praarambhinchindi. 1989 mariyu 1993 madhya edper yokka market capitalisation 90 saatam taggindi. parivartana. peater niyantranalo undataaniki anumatinchinappudu companyla nundi tananu taanu vaeru chesukovadaniki oka marganni edwardku andinchadaaniki, edper entreprises groupku kotta pradhana holding companyga srushtinchabadindi mariyu 1989loe prajalaku sherlanu jaarii chesindi. majority yajamanyanni edper holdings nilupukundi, appatiki idhi edper investments (peater) yajamanyamlo undhi mariyu pagurian corporation yajamanyamlo undhi, idhi jaak cockwell netrutvamloni samuuhamchae niyantrinchabadindi. peater bronfmantho nirmaanaatmaka bhagaswamyanni jagrattagaa upayoginchadam mariyu nagadu pravahanni niyantrinchadam dwara, jaak cockwell edarnu swaadheenam chesukunnadu. pradhana holdings. edparku aneka companylalo pratyaksha mariyu paroksha yajamanya aasaktulu undevi. daani corporate saamraajyaaniki atipedda mariyu atyanta mukhyamaina jabita krinda ivvabadindi. kerena bancorp. 1971loe, kenadian arena company (kerena) nuu molson kutumbam nundi $15 millionlaku placements rondelle elty, ("puck investments limited") konugolu chesindi."aanglamlo), bronfman sodarula netrutvamloni yajamaanula consortium. karena national hockey leag montrial canadians yajamani, montrial forum manager, bell center mariyu gillet entertainment groupto sahaa aastulato. 1978loe kenadian jattunu 20 million dollarlaku molson saaraabatteelaku vikrayinchaaru. bramfman yajamanyamlo, trijec corporationtho sahaa thana aasti abhivruddhi holdingsnu vistarinchindi. 1978loe, kerena bancorp holdings ink. idhi erpadindi, taruvaata idhi kerena developments limitedga maarindi., mariyu 1996loe brookfield aastulu. trijechnu konugolu chesina taruvaata, kerena thana real estate holdingsnu dookudugaa vistarinchindi. 1989loe, olympic & yark yokka prapancha aardhika aastilo moodinta oka vanthu, ell.pii.prapancha vaanijya kendraaniki prakkane unna newyork nagaramloni prapancha aardhika kendram yajamani, conny bhaarii appulatho mariyu karyalaya market kuppakuuladamtoe baadhapadutunnaaru. edper yokka aardhika maddatutoe, 1990la praarambhamlo maandyam samayamlo kerena vistarinchindi. 1992loe oo & vai kuppakoolindi, naalugu samvatsaraala taruvaata sannaga unna company 47 saatam vatanu kaligi unna kerena (brookfield properties corporationga) thoo diwala nundi udbhavinchindi. trija. 1970loe, bramfman sodarulanu torranto aadhaarita trijec corporation limited borduloki teesukuvacchaaru.kenadaaloni atipedda property developerlalo okataina eee samsthaku 9 saatam equity vatanu icchaaru. montrial yokka iconic plays ville maereeni nirminchadaaniki trijec erpadindi, taruvaata bce ink yokka abhivruddhi vibhaagampai niyantrananu pondindi. (bell kenada yokka parent), bce plays yajamani mariyu billion dollarla viluvaina aasti. 1976loe, kerena 25 saatam equity vaddeeni mariyu trijec yokka samarthavanthamaina oating niyantrananu pondindi; 1970la taruvaata holdingnu 50.1% kuu penchaaru. videshee pettubadulanu niyantrinchadaaniki kenada 1974loe videshee pettubadi sameeksha samsthanu erpaatu chesina taruvaata, videshee yaajamaanyamloni company kosam bhavishyat pettubadi dabbunu sekarinche saamarthyam gurinchi aandolanalu talettaayi (britton yokka eegil insurance ippatikee trijeclo majority vatanu kaligi undhi). 1975loe, edfer thoo oka oppandam kudirindi, idhi eegil starr nuu trijeclo niyantrana aasaktini vadilivestundi, ayithe samarthavanthamaina niyantrana kotta brofman-niyantrita holding company, kerena propertiesku maarutundi. 1976 natiki, bronfmanlu trijec niyantrananu teesukoni pradhana karyalayanni kaalshareeki marcharu. 1979 natiki, trijec yokka aastula viluva $1 billion daatindi. adhe samvatsaram olympic & yark, dutch real estate company envi beleggingsmatshpies vereldhav mariyu eegil starr insurance (idhi aangla aastilo bhaareega pettubadi pettabadindi) madhya yuke aadhaarita aangla aasti kosam vaelam yuddham abhivruddhi chendindi. trijeclo tama yajamanyanni bhadraparachukovadampai aandolana chendina bronfmanlu, kenadaaloni rendu atipedda aasti abhivruddhi samsthala madhya bhavishyattulo pootiini nivaarinchadaaniki olympic & yark yokka reachman sodarulato oppandam kudurchukunnaru. appudu lavadevilu chepattabaddaayi, phalitamgaa eder mariyu oo & vai rendintikee trijeclo samaanamaina 37 saatam vataa undhi. 1980loe, trijec americaku chendina ernest doubleunu konugolu chesindi. hahn ink.'shopping center yokka aasaktulu, trijec yokka aastulanu $2 biliyanlaku penchaayi, mariyu trijec paeru trigehan gaa maarchabadindi. rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata trijec aastula viluva 4 billion dollarluga undhi. 1990 natiki, vaanijya real estatelo maandyam teevramgaa maarindi mariyu trizecon mariyu olympia mariyu yark rendoo runamtho poradayi. 1994loe trijec loki bahya muuladhanaanni choppinchina taruvaata, edper yokka vataa naamamaatrapu mottaaniki tagginchabadindi. goppa sarassula samuuham. uttara antarioku chendina vidyut utpattidaaru mariyu pampineedaaru ayina grate lakes group, oka holding companyga maarchabadataaniki mundu brascon yajamanyamlo undedi. 1984 natiki, brascan companylo 49 saatam vatanu kaligi undhi mariyu raayal trustco, trillen financial mariyu braskanloni vaataalato aardhika niyantrananu sadviniyogam chesukovadaniki idhi brokerage companyga maarchabadindi. 1990 natiki hease 35 saatam vatanu, trillon 11 saatam vatanu konugolu chesindi. eee samsthaku taruvaata kenada yokka atipedda vidyut generatorlalo okataina brascan power anie paeru pettaru. dheeniki prastutam brookfield punarutpaadaka anie paeru pettaru. idhi bancorp. hease 1975loe national hease entreprises limitedga praarambhamaindi, 1983loe daani paerunu hease international corporationga maarchindi, mariyu hease international bancorp inkga maarchindi. 1988loe merchant byaank hease international bancorp 1980la chivaralo "brascon yokka naraala kendramgaa" panichesindi. hease jaak cockwell oka keelaka vyuuhakarta, aneka bahirangamgaa vartakam chese samsthalalo bronfman dabbunu pettubadi petti, gananeeyamaina ledhaa niyantrana vaddeeni pondaadu. 1996loe eee rendu companylu vileenam ayyi edper group limitednu erpaatu cheyadaaniki mundu, edper group 39 saatam vatanu kaligi undhi. edfer yokka itara holdings maadirigaane konni companylalo pedda vaataalanu kaligi unnaaru. eder pratyaksha prameyam lekunda companylanu kooda athanu konugolu chesaadu, veetilo eee krindivi unnaih 1981loe, torranto aadhaarita continental byaank off kenada srushtinchabadindi, dheenilo hease international atipedda vaataala samuuhaanni kaligi undhi. 1986 natiki, eee byaanku 6va atipedda kenadian retail byaanku mariyu desamlo 15va atipedda aardhika samsthagaa undhi. adhe samvatsaram dheenini yuke aadhaarita lloyd byaank konugolu chesindi, taruvaata dheenini hankong byaank off kenada konugolu chesindi. pagurian. pagurian limited mariyu pagurian press limitednu inter publishinga praarambhinchindi.dheenini phillip christopher ondatje sthaapinchaaru. idhi 1975loe antariolo vileenam cheyabadindi, 1977loe daani paerunu pagurian corporation limitedga maarchindi. 1988 natiki idhi 500 million dollarla viluvaina vibhina aastulanu kaligi undhi mariyu 1988loe ondatje dheenini hease international kuu vikrayinchinappudu 1 billion dollarlaku paiga niyantrita aastulanu kaligi undhi, mariyu hease vais-chhairman ayindi. pagurian nuu hease bancorp yokka jaak cockwell mariyu senior edper group managerlu niyantrinchaaru. 1993 natiki, edper holdings yajamanyam edper pettubadula dwara 50.1% mariyu pagurian corporation dwara 49.9% gaa undedi. 1997loe, edpers anubandha samsthaku anubandha samsthagaa praarambhamainadi, edparnu swaadheenam chesukuni, daani maajee corporate taatagaari paerunu sweekarinchindi; pagurian paerunu edper group limitedga marcharu. brascan. edper torranto aadhaarita brascon limitednu konugolu chesindi.1979loe ganula tavvakam, atavee, tayari, brazilian aadhaarita vidyut, ravana prayojanaalalo vaividhyabharitamaina aasaktulato vistrutamgaa nirvahinchabade holding company. eee samuparjana 1978loe nissabdamgaa praarambhamaindi, tvaralo pratikuula swaadheenam ayindi, phalitamgaa 1979loe karena bancorp brascannu kaligi undhi. marchi, 1979loe, edper pettubadulu edper equities limitednu srushtinchaayi. brascon yokka niyantrana ledhaa yajamanyanni pondadam kosam, edper pettubadulaku 66 saatam mariyu paatino, enn.vii. netherlands eder eekviteelalo 34 saatam. sumaru 5 saatam prarambha konugolu taruvaata, edper rendu rojula vyavadhilo american stock exchangelo konugollanu erpaatu cheyadam dwara thana vatanu 31 saataaniki penchindi, idhi ippativaraku exchange yokka atipedda lavadevi, brascon akkada jabita cheyabadanappatiki. edper, idhi brascannu swaadheenam chesukovadaniki prayatninchadam ledani paerkontuu prakatanalu jaarii chesindi. rakshanaatmaka kadalikalagaa, brascon eff kosam $1.12 billion vaelampaatanu prakatinchindi.doubleu. edfer gattiga mariyu bahirangamgaa vyatirekinchina unni company. us securityla chattaala ullanghana aaropanala kaaranamgaa edper thana vatalalo 5 saataaniki paiga pondakunda nirodhistuu us jilla kortulo brascon oka nirbandha uttarvunu andukundi. nirbandha uttarvu tolaginchabadina taruvaata, juun 1979loe, edper thana yajamanyanni penchadaaniki kotta vaelampaatanu jaarii chesindi. brascon maddatugaa oka prakatana vidudala chesindi mariyu edper daani yajamanyanni 50.1% kuu penchadamlo vijayavantamaindi. tadanantaram, torranto stock exchangelo (brascon vantivi) jabita cheyabadina companylanu swaadheenam chesukovadanni nirodhinchadaaniki antario securities commission thana nibandhanalanu savarinchindi, amexlo brascannu edper aghoshitamgaa swaadheenam chesukovadam vanti itara adhikara paridhulalo kooda daani niyamaalaku vyatiraekamgaa nirvahinchabadutunnaayi. chivariki brascon edpartho vileenam ayyindi mariyu 2000 nundi brookfield asset managementga piluvabadindi. 1982loe, naranda ink. kenadaaloni atipedda kaagitam utpattidaaru ayina vancouver aadhaarita macmillan bledel limited nundi 49.8% nuu konugolu chesindi.idhi 1993loe $623kii vikrayinchabadindi. trillon financial. 1982loe, trillon financial corporation brascon limited yokka anubandha samsthagaa srushtinchabadindi. niyantranalu raddu aardhika samsthalaku kotta marketlaloki pravesinchadaaniki mariyu london jeevita beema samstha mariyu raayal trust companyni konugolu cheyadaaniki anumatinchina samayamlo, eee rendoo gananeeyamaina alpasankhyaaka sthaanaalanu kaligi unnaayi. modati aaru nelallone, trilon kenada yokka aarava atipedda aardhika samsthagaa maarindi, kevalam aidu pedda kenadian byaankula tarvaata. idhi leasing mariyu videshee marketlaloki kooda vistarinchindi. 2007loe, reachman sodarulu 13 saatam vaddeeni pondaaru. idhi 1990 natiki kenadaalo atipedda retail vaividhyabharitamaina aardhika sevala samsthagaa vistarinchindi mariyu 1996loe $6.2 billionla aadaayaanni kaligi undhi. 2002loe dheeniki brascan financial anie paeru marcharu. 1983loe kenadaaloni atipedda trust companylu mariyu tanakha providerlalo okataina torranto aadhaarita raayal trust companylo 42 saatam vatanu trillen konugolu chesindi. daani nilupudala trust karyakalapalu 1993loe raayal byaank off kenadaaku vikrayinchabaddaayi. migilina vaaru gentra ink ayyaru. mariyu taruvaata brookfield karyalaya aastulu. 1982 mariyu 1983 madhya, kenadaaloni atipedda aasti mariyu jeevita beema companylalo okataina torantoku chendina london jeevita beema companylo 98 saatam vatanu trillon konugolu chesindi. vaarasatvam. edper mariyu daani anubandha samsthalalo bronfman sodarula bhagaswamyam 1995loe mugisindi, conny chaalaa companylu konasagayi. edper saamraajyamloni moodu pradhana holding companylu - edper, hease, pagurian-annee 1990luu mariyu 2000la praarambhamlo brascan chetha swaadheenam chesukobaddayi. jaak cockwell mariyu trever iton brascon mariyu daani anubandha samsthalanu moodu pradhana vibhaagaalato chaalaa saralamaina corporate nirmaanamgaa punarvyavastheekarinchaaru real estate (trizecon nundi), power (brascon nundi) mariyu financial services (gatamlo trillon). trillon ekkuvagaa brascon yokka aardhika vibhagamga panicheestuunee undindi mariyu 2002loe, brascon appatike swantam kaani trillon yokka migilina vaataalanu swaadheenam chesukundi. 2002loe, brascon thana paerunu brookfield asset managementga maarchukundi. 2006loe, trijec properties ink. mariyu daani kenadian anubandha trijec kenada ink. brookfield properties corporationtho vileenam cheyabadindi. (gatamlo kerena) 8.9 billion dollarla viluvaina oppandamlo.

adper sarmayah kaaree adder investment lameted. 1959 aur 1995 kay darmiyan bhayiyon edward bronfman aur petter bronfman kay liye bunyadi holding company aur sarmayah kaaree kii gaadi thee. 1980 kii dahayi mein apnay arooj parr aur 1990 kii dahayi kay awail mein adper canada kii sabb say bury corporate tanzimon mein say eek thee jiss nay 500 say ziyadah najee aur awami toor parr tajarat karnay waali companiyon kuu eek paichidah dahanchay mein control kiyaa jiss kii maaliyat 100 blain ddaalar thee jiss mein 100,000 say ziyadah canadinon kuu mulazimat dee gayee aur torrento stock exchange kay kill sarmayah kaaree kaa 15 faisad thaa. aidar jiss kaa naam torrento mein maqeem duu bhayiyon kay naamon kaa imtazaaj hay kuu ibtadayi toor parr segram company lameted mein inn kay mufadat say haasil honay waali aamadni say maali aanat farahim kii gayee thee. montriyal parr mubni branch mein inn kay kazanz kii aham sarmayah kaaree kaa intezam inn kii apnee holding company camp investment kay zariye kiyaa jaataa thaa. tareekh. adper 1959 mein qayem kiyaa gayaa thaa jiss mein taqriba 15 millin americi ddaalar kii aamadni thee juu inn kay aadhay hassas say haasil hoti thee jasay wah khaandaan kii montriyal branch kay zariah farokhat karnay parr majbur thay jiss nay control barqarar rakhaa thaa. agli chaar dahayiyon mein adder eek hyee company mein hassas kay khaandaani holding say eek wasee garwah mein badh gayaa jiss kii canada kii kachh bury companiyon mein corporate qabze kii shahrat thee. zeel mein eek khaakah tyme line hay: saakhat. adper investment lameted kii malkiyat. yaha bhayiyon edward aur petter kay zaati trust kay paas thaa. 1989 kay baad iss kaa dahancha badal gayaa leakin iss kay ziyadah tarr wajood kay liye yaha harr bhayee kay najee trust kii malkiyat thee. adper corporate sultanat malkiyat aur control kay apnay paichidah jaal kay liye mashhur thee juu oopar kay darjay say phail gayee thee. iss kay tanzimi dahanchay kuu bhulbaliya accounting aur paichidah hakmat amliyon aur corporate dahanchon kay mohtat istemaal kay zariye "behat behat paichidah" aur "chakar daar" kay toor parr biyaan kiyaa gayaa thaa jiss mein canada kay nasbata sast secureties qawanin teks qawanin aur inkshaf kii zaruriyat kuu sarmayah diyaa gayaa thaa jiss kay natijay mein iss kii teezi say tarqi hoyee eek intehayi paichidah ahraam sultanat mein baaham bunny hoyee companiyan aur karaas malkiyat. adder nay control kiyaa leakin behat see companiyon kaa maalik nahein thaa. najee toor parr munaqid adder eek awami company mein controlling steak kaa maalik how saktaa hay juu kasee dosri awami company mein controlling steak rakhta hay juu apnee ziyadah raqam istemaal kiye baghair dosray mein controlling steak rakhta hay. istemaal kii jaanay waali deegar hakmat amliyon mein iss kii zeeli company kay zariah eek bunyadi company kii karaas malkiyat aur jazwi malkiyat aur awami sarmayah kaaron kay liye mahdud yaa ghair voting waalay hassas kaa aazadana istemaal aur androni afraad kay liye spir voting waalay hassas shaamil thay. inn say adder sultanat apnee ziyadah raqam istemaal kiye baghair arbon ddaalar aktha karnay kay qaabil how gayee. asee kii dahayi kay arooj kay doraan bronf meen say mansalk companiyon nay canada mein kasee aur say ziyadah secureties jaari kein aur 30 blain ddaalar say ziyadah kii acvity aktha kii. inn duu bhayiyon kay alawah juu adder aur iss kii behat see zeeli companiyon kay intezam mein behat ziyadah malus thay duu aur loag thay jinhon nay adder grop kii teezi say tausia aur intezam mein kaleedi kirdaar adaa kiyaa: 1960 kii dahayi mein bronfmanz kay zariah accountant jeek kaak weel kii khidmaat haasil kii gayein juu baad mein heez international/beenn carp adder aquities aur adder investment kii sarbarahi kartay thay vovo aur traver aaitan eek corporate wakeel juu barsakeen lameted kii sarbarahi kartay thay. adder kay hasool kay baad. qarz aur zawal. 1989 mein iss kay arooj kay baad kayee awamil mill kirr 1990 kii dahayi kay awail mein adder kii sultanat kay qareeb zawal kaa sabab banay: eek bury maashi kasaad baazaari olympia aur yark kaa khaatima tajarti raeel steat mein eek zawal jiss nay aham asaason kii aamadni aur tashkhis donon kuu mutasir kiyaa leuraged financing aur paichidah malkiyat kay dahanchay kii jaanch padtaal mein izafah hawaa. aamadni kay liyay adper corporate dahancha qarz kii zamah daariyon kuu poraa karnay kay liye zeeli idaaron say inn kii bunyadi companiyon kuu munafa kii adayegi parr behat ziyadah inhasaar kartaa thaa. yaha andazah lagaya gayaa thaa kahh inn kaa adayegi kaa tanasib torrento stock exchange kii sarfehrist 35 companiyon kii ausat say aadha badaa thaa. kachh bronfman companiyon nay aamadni mein darj munafa say ziyadah munafa mein adayegi kii. 1991-93 mein apnay badhtay hoay nqsanat kuu poraa karnay kay liyay adper companiyon nay sarf 20 maheenon mein hassas kay masaail asaason kii farokhat aur qarz kii maali aanat kay zariye 9 blain ddaalar say ziyadah aktha kiyaa. 1993 kay awail takk adder nay asaase farokhat karnaa sharoo kirr diye khaas toor parr sarf faroori mein $1.96 blain maaliyat kay. 1989 aur 1993 kay darmiyan adder kii market captalisation mein 90 faisad kamee waaqa hoyee. muntaqli. edward kuu petter kuu qaabu mein rehney kii ajazat deetay hoay companiyon say khood kuu nikalnay kaa eek tariqah farahim karnay kay liyay adper interprise kuu grop kay liye nayee markazi holding company kay toor parr banaya gayaa aur 1989 mein awaam kuu hassas jaari kiye gayey. aksariyat kii malkiyat adper holdings kay paas thee juu iss waqat takk adper investment (petter) kay paas thee aur 49.9% pagoriyan corporation kay paas thee juu badlay mein jeek kaak weel kii qayadat mein eek grop kay zeer control thaa. petter bronfman kay saath manzam sharakat daari kay mohtat istemaal aur nqd bahao parr qaabu paaney kay zariye jeek kaak weel nay darhaqiqat adder parr qabzah kirr liyaa. bury holdings. adder kay mutadid companiyon mein braah raast aur balwasta malkiyat kay mufadat thay. zeel mein iss kii corporate sultanat kay liye sabb say bury aur sabb say aham fehrist hay. carina bancorp. 1971 mein canadian airina company (carina) kuu molson femli say placement rondale laity ("pukk investment lameted") kay zariye 15 millin ddaalar mein kharida gayaa."angrezi mein)yee maalkaan kaa eek consortium jiss kii qayadat bronfman baradaran kirr rahay thay. carina national haaki leeg montriyal canadines kii maalik thee juu montriyal forum kii meniger thee jiss kay asaason mein bail center aur glate entertainment grop shaamil thay. 1978 mein canadines kii team kuu molson brewaries kuu 20 millin ddaalar mein farokhat kiyaa gayaa. bronf meen kii malkiyat carina nay trizac corporation sameet apnee jayedad kii tarqi kay hasool kuu badhaya. 1978 mein keerna bancorp holdings incorporated. tashkil dee gayee yaha baad mein carina dwelopment lameted bunn gayaa.yee aur 1996 mein brok feld properties. trisic haasil karnay kay baad carina nay apnay raeel steat holdings kuu jarhana andaaz mein badhaya. 1989 mein carina nay olympia aur yark kii aalimi maaliyaati jayedad kaa eek tahayi hasah haasil kiyaa.pee.yee world trade center say mutsil neoyork shehar kay world financial center kay maalik leakin bhaari qarz aur aafs market kay garnay say jadujahad kirr rahay thay. adder kii maali madad kay saath 1990 kii dahayi kay awail mein kasaad bazaari kay doraan carina mein tausia hoyee. awo aind waayi 1992 mein girr gayaa aur chaar saal baad kamzor company dewaliya punn say ubhri jiss mein carina (brok feld properties corporation kay toor parr) 47 faisad hassas kaa maalik thaa. trizac. 1970 mein bronfman baradaran kuu torrento mein maqeem trizac corporation lameted kay board mein laaya gayaa.yee canada kay sabb say baday property dwelpers mein say aike aur 9 vovo acvity steak diyaa gayaa. trizac kuu montriyal kii mashhur jagah walee meeri kii tameer kay liye banaya gayaa thaa aur baad mein iss nay bee see ayee incorporated kay tarqiyati baazo kaa control haasil kirr liyaa. (bail canada kaa waldeen)yee bee see ayee plais aur jayedad kaa maalik jiss kii qeemat arbon ddaalar hay. 1976 mein carina nay 25 vovo acvity sood aur trizac kaa mosar voting control haasil kiyaa. baad mein 1970 kii dahayi mein holding kuu badhaa kirr 50.1% kirr diyaa gayaa. 1974 mein canada kii jaanib say ghair milki sarmayah kaaree kuu manzam karnay kay liye ghair milki sarmayah kaaree kaa jaizah leenay waali agency bananay kay baad ghair milki malkiyat waali company kay liye mustaqabil mein sarmayah kaaree kii raqam aktha karnay kii salahiyat kay baaray mein khadshaat paida hoay (bartaniah kaa aigal inshorans abb bhee trizac mein aksariyat kaa hasah rakhta thaa). 1975 mein adder kay saath eek muahidah hawaa jiss kay tahat aigal staar kuu trizac mein control karnay mein dilchaspi hogi jabkah mosar control eek nayee broof meen kay zeer control holding company carina properties mein muntaqil how jaaye gaa. 1976 takk bronfmanz nay trizac kaa control sanbhaal liyaa aur head aafs kuu calligary mein muntaqil kirr diyaa. 1979 takk trizac kay asaason kii qeemat 1 blain ddaalar say tajawaz kirr gayee. asee saal olympia aur yaark dich raeel steat company aine wee beligangsmatschpage veerald aur aigal staar inshorans (jiss kii angrezi property mein behat ziyadah sarmayah kaaree kii gayee thee) kay darmiyan bartaniah mein maqeem angrezi property kay liye boli kii jung sharoo hoyee. trizac mein apnee malkiyat haasil karnay kay baaray mein fakar mund bronfmanz olympia aur yark kay rechmeen baradaran kay saath eek muahide parr pahunche taakah inn kay jayedad kii tarqi kay khadshaat canada kay duu sabb say buray kay darmiyan mustaqabil kay muqabilay say bachaa jaa sakay. iss kay baad leane deen kiye gayey jiss kay natijay mein adder aur awo aind waayi donon kaa trizac mein 37 faisad baraabar hasah thaa. 1980 mein trisic nay america mein maqeem arnist dabliyo haasil kiyaa. hanaa incorporated.'treasac kay asaason kuu 2 blain ddaalar takk badhaa kirr aur treasac kaa naam badal kirr trezikhan rakh diyaa gayaa jiss say shopping center kay mufadat badh gayey. duu saal baad trizac kay asaason kii qeemat 4 arb ddaalar thee. 1990 takk tajarti raeel steat mein kasaad bazaari shadeed how gayee aur trizicahan aur olympia aur yark donon kuu qarz say jadujahad karnee padee. 1994 mein trizac mein sarmaye kay beruni izaafe kay baad adder kaa hasah baraye naam raqam takk kumm kirr diyaa gayaa. azeem jhelon kaa grop. great leks group juu shamali oontario mein maqeem barqi tawanayi kaa producer aur distry beauter hay eek holding company mein tabdil honay say pehley braskan kii malkiyat thaa. 1984 takk barsakaan company mein 49 faisad kii malkiyat thee aur asay raail trustico trilone financial aur barsakaan mein holding kay saath maali pabandi say fayedah uthanay kay liye eek brokrage company mein tabdil kirr diyaa gayaa thaa. 1990 takk heez nay 35 faisad hassas aur trailon 11 faisad haasil kirr liye thay. company kuu baad mein braskan pawar kaa naam diyaa gayaa juu canada kay sabb say baday pawar generators mein say eek hay. asay phee alhaal brok feld qaabil tajdid kaa naam diyaa gayaa hay. heez bancorp. heez nay 1975 mein national heez interprise lameted kay toor parr aaghaz kiyaa 1983 mein apnaa naam badal kirr heez international corporation aur heez international bancorp incorporated rakh diyaa. 1988 mein. merchant benak heez international bancorp nay 1980 kii dahayi kay aakhir mein "barsakaan kay aisaabi markaz kay toor parr" kaam kiyaa. heez kay jeek kaak weel eek kaleedi hakmat emli saaz thay jinhon nay awami toor parr tajarat karnay waali mutadid farmon mein bronf meen kii raqam kii sarmayah kaaree kii aur numayan yaa control karnay waali dilchaspi haasil kii. 1996 mein adder grop lameted bananay kay liye donon companiyon kay zam honay say pehley adder grop 39 faisad hassas kaa maalik thaa. badlay mein wah kachh anhi companiyon mein bury hassas daari kaa maalik thaa jaisa kahh adper kii deegar holdings mein thaa. inhon nay adder kii braah raast shamoliyat kay baghair companiyan bhee haasil kein jinn mein darj zeel shaamil haine: 1981 mein torrento mein maqeem barazmi benak aaf canada banaya gayaa jiss mein hassas kaa sabb say badaa block heez international kay paas thaa. 1986 takk benak canada kaa chhataa sabb say badaa khurdah benak aur milk kaa 15 waan sabb say badaa maaliyaati idaarah thaa. asee saal asay bartaniah mein maqeem lides benak nay haasil kiyaa jasay baad mein haang kaang benak aaf canada nay haasil kirr liyaa. pagori. pagorian kaa aaghaz inter publishing lameted aur pagorian prais lameted kay toor parr hawaa.yee jiss kii bunyaad flip christopher oondatjay nay rakhee thee. asay 1975 mein oontario mein shaamil kiyaa gayaa thaa aur 1977 mein iss kaa naam badal kirr pagoriyan corporation lameted rakh diyaa gayaa. 1988 takk iss kay paas 500 millin ddaalar say ziyadah kay matnua asaase thay aur 1 blain ddaalar say ziyadah kay asaase thay jabb oondatjay nay asay 1988 mein heez international kuu farokhat kiyaa aur wah heez kay naib chairmeen bunn gayey. pagoriyan kuu hees bancorp kay jeek kaak weel aur seniyar adder grop menigers nay control kiyaa thaa. 1993 takk adper holdings mein malkiyat adper investment kay zariye 50.1% aur pagoriyan corporation kay zariye 49.9% thee. 1997 mein juu adper kay zeeli idaarey kay maatehat idaarey kay toor parr sharoo hawaa iss nay adper kuu sanbhaal liyaa aur iss kay saabiq corporate daada daadi kaa naam apnaya. pagoriyan kaa naam badal kirr adper grop lameted rakh diyaa gayaa. barsakaan. adder nay torrento mein maqeem barsakeen lameted haasil kiyaa.1979 mein kaan kanee janglaat sharaab saazi aur brazeel parr mubni bajli aur nql woo hamal kay mufadat mein matnua mufadat kay saath eek wasee paimanay parr munaqid holding company. yaha hasool 1978 mein khamushi say sharoo hawaa aur jald hyee eek dushmanana qabzah bunn gayaa jiss kay natijay mein balaakhir 1979 mein carina bancorp kay paas 50.1% kaa maalik bunn gayaa. maarch 1979 mein adder investment nay adder aquity lameted tashkil dee. barsakaan kaa control yaa malkiyat haasil karnay kay maqsad kay liyay jiss mein adper sarmayah kaaree 66 vovo aur patino aine.wee. netherlands kaa 34 vovo adder aquity. taqriba 5 faisad kii ibtadayi kharidari kay baad adper nay americi stock exchange mein kharidari kaa intezam karkay duu dunn kii madat mein apnaa hasah badhaa kirr 31 faisad kirr diyaa juu kahh exchange kaa abb takk kaa sabb say badaa leane deen hay halankah wahaan barsakaan darj nahein hay. adder nay bayanaat jaari kiye jinn mein kahaa gayaa hay kahh wah barsakaan parr qabzah karnay kii koshish nahein kirr rehaa thaa. dafayi iqdamat kay toor parr barsakaan nay aif kay liye 1.12 blain ddaalar kii boli kaa aalaan kiyaa.dabliyo. oon warth company jiss nay sarsari aur awami toor parr mukhalifat kii. braskin kuu yuu aiss distrikt court mein eek rook thaam kaa hakam mosul hawaa jiss mein americi secureties qawanin kii mubinah khalaaf warziyon kii wajah say adper kuu apnay 5 faisad say ziyadah hassas haasil karnay say rook diyaa gayaa. pabandi kaa hakam hataye jaanay kay baad joone 1979 mein adder nay apnee malkiyat badhanay kay liye eek nayee boli jaari kii. braskin nay iss kii himayat mein eek biyaan jaari kiyaa aur adder apnee malkiyat kuu 50.1% takk badhanay mein kamiyab rehaa. iss kay baad oontario secureties commission nay torrento stock exchange (jeesay barsakeen) mein darj companiyon kay qabze kuu roknay kay liye apnay qawanin mein tarmim kii taakah iss kay qawanin kay khalaaf dosray dairah akhtiyar mein bhee kiyaa jaa sakay jeesay kahh adder kaa ameks parr barsakeen kaa ghair ailaniyah qabzah. balaakhir braskan kuu adder kay saath zam kirr diyaa gayaa aur 2000 say asay brok feld asaasah jaat kay intezam kay naam say jaana jaataa hay. 1982 mein noorinda incorporated. canada kay sabb say baday kaghiz bananay waalay venkovar mein maqeem meek milan blodeal lameted say 49.8% kharida.yee 623 ddaalar mein. yaha 1993 mein 793 ddaalar mein farokhat hawaa. trilone maaliyaati. 1982 mein trilone financial corporation kuu braskan lameted kay zeeli idaarey kay toor parr banaya gayaa. eek aisey waqat mein jabb zabtay say alaihadgi nay maaliyaati companiyon kuu nayee mandiyon mein daakhil honay aur landan life inshorans company aur raail trust company haasil karnay kii ajazat dee donon mein barsakaan kaafi aqliyati ahadon parr faiz thay. apnay pehley chh maheenon mein trilone canada kaa chhataa sabb say badaa maaliyaati idaarah bunn gayaa juu sarf paanch baday canadian benkon kay peeche thaa. iss nay lease aur ghair milki bazaron mein bhee tausia kii. 2007 mein rechmeen baradaran nay 13 faisad sood haasil kiyaa. iss nay iss tarah tausia kii kahh 1990 takk yaha canada kii sabb say bury khurdah matnua maaliyaati khidmaat kii company thee aur 1996 mein iss kii aamadni 6.2 blain ddaalar thee. 2002 mein iss kaa naam badal kirr barsakaan financial rakh diyaa gayaa. 1983 mein trilone nay torrento mein qayem raail trust company kaa 42 faisad hasah khareeda juu canada kii sabb say bury trust companiyon aur rehan farahim karnay waalon mein say eek hay. iss kay retain trust operations kuu 1993 mein raail benak aaf canada kuu farokhat kirr diyaa gayaa thaa. baaqi loag gentra incorporated bunn gayey. aur baad mein brok feld aafs properties. 1982 aur 1983 kay darmiyan trilone nay torrento mein qayem landan life inshorans company kaa 98 faisad hasah haasil kiyaa juu canada kii sabb say bury property aur life inshorans companiyon mein say eek hay. miraas. adder aur iss kii zeeli companiyon mein bronfman baradaran kii sharkat 1995 mein khatam hoyee leakin ziyadah tarr companiyan jaari rahein. adper sultanat kii teen bury holding companiyan - aidar haiz pagoriyan-sabb parr 1990 kii dahayi aur 2000 kii dahayi kay awail mein barsakaan nay qabzah kirr liyaa thaa. jeek kaak weel aur trever aaitan nay braskan aur iss kii zeeli companiyon kuu eek behat hyee aasaan corporate dahanchay mein dobarah manzam kiyaa jiss mein teen aham devisions thay: raeel steat (trichahan say)yee pawar (barsakaan say)yee aur maaliyaati khidmaat (sabqah trialin). trialin nay barsakaan kay maaliyaati baazo kay toor parr kaam jaari rakhaa aur 2002 mein barsakaan nay trialin kay baqiyah hassas parr qabzah kirr liyaa juu iss kay paas pehley say nahein thay. 2002 mein barsakaan nay apnaa naam badal kirr brok feld asaasah jaat kaa intezam rakhaa. 2006 mein trizac properties incorporated. aur iss say mansalk canadian treasac canada incorporated. brok feld properties corporation kay saath zam kirr diyaa gayaa. (sabqah carina) eek muahide mein jiss kii qeemat 8.9 blain americi ddaalar thee.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15967275

Rednock School

Rednock School Rednock School is a comprehensive school located in Dursley, Gloucestershire, England. It is a specialist Science College which also contains a sixth form. General Information. The school opened in 1971 as a comprehensive school, having formerly served as the grammar school in the town of Dursley. In 2009, the school underwent a complete re-build which saw a £38 million investment into developing an entirely new school site. It has many eco-friendly features such as a sedum roof and solar panels and was also shortlisted for the South West Built Environment Awards. To celebrate the development of the newly built school, a book compiling details of the history of Rednock School was produced for the pupils. Prime Minister's Global Fellowship. The school has its first student attain a place on the Prime Minister's Global Fellowship programme in 2009. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

rednok skool rednok skool hoise englandor gloucesterswayar darsleet owosthito ek bistrito bidyaloy. eitu etaa bixexogyo bigyan mohabidyaloy zo 'too xostho prokaru aase. xadharon tothyo. bidyaloikhon 1971 sonot ek bistrito bidyaloy hisape khula hoisil, purbote darsle sohorot byakoron bidyaloy hisape xewa aagborhaisil. 2009 sonot bidyaloikhone xompurnorupe punor nirman koraa hoisil zo "too xompurnorupe notun bidyaloyor sthan gorhi tulat 38 nijut pound biniyug koraa hoisil. iyat bohutu poriwex-bandhob boixistyo aase jene etaa sedom saad aaru xour penel aaru dokhyin poschim nirmito poriwex botar babeu xongkhipto talikabhukto koraa hoisil. notunkoi nirmito bidyaloyor bikax udjapon koriboloi, saatro-satrixokolor baabe rednok bidyaloyor itihaxor biboron xongkolon koraa ekhon kitap prostut koraa hoisil. prodhanmontrir biswojonin feloswip. 2009 sonot bidyaloikhone prodhanmontrir biswojonin feloswip karzoxusit prothom xikhyarthi hisape sthan laabh korisil.

rednock school rednock school englander glouchestershire darslete abosthito ekti bistrito vidyalaya. etty ekti biseshoggo bigyan college jekhane ekti shostho formou royeche. sadharan tothyo. vidyalayati 1971 saale ekti bistrito vidyalaya hisabe khola hoy, jaa purbe dursley shohore byakaran vidyalaya hisabe kaaj koroto. 2009 saale, vidyalayati ekti sampurna punornirmaner modhyo diye yaay, jekhane ekti sampurna notun vidyalaya saiter unnoyone 38 million pound biniyog koraa hoy. etite onek poribesh-bandhab baisishtya royeche jemon ekti sedam chhaad ebong sour panel ebong dakkhin-poschim nirmito poribesh puroskarer jonnou sangkhipto talikabhukto koraa hoyechilo. nobonirmito bidyalayer unnayan udjapon korte, shikkharthider jonno rednock skooler itihaser bishad biboron sangkalan korey ekti boi toiri koraa hoyechilo. prodhanmontrir baishwik fellowship. 2009 saale prodhanmontrir baishwik fellowship programe eyi bidyalayer prothom chhatro sthan orjon koreche.

rednock shaala rednock shaala aee englandnaa dursley, glaucestershiremaa stheet aek vyaapak shaala chhe. teey aek nishnaat vigyaan college chhe jemaa chhaththu swaroop pann chhe. saamanya maahitee. aaa shaala shaala aek vyaapak shaala tareeke kholvaamaa aavee hatee, jeey agau dursley shaherma vyaakaran shaala tareeke sevaa aaptee hatee. shaalaae, shaalaae sampoorn punnirman karyoo hatoo, jemaa sampurnpane navee shaala sthal vikasavva maate 38 million poundnu rokaan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. temaa sedama roof aneey solara panels jevee ghanee paryaavaran-maitripurn suveedhao chhe aneey tene dakshin pashchimma bandhvama aavela paryaavaran puraskaaro maate pann pasand karvaamaa aavee hatee. navee bandhvama aaveli shaalaana vikaasnee ujavani karvaa maate, vidhyarthio maate rednock skoolnaa itihaasnee vigato sankaleet karatu pustak taiyar karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. pradhaanmantrini vaishvik fellowship. aaa shaalaae shaalaae pradhaanmantrinaa vaishvik fellowship karykrama pratham vidhyarthinu sthaan melavyu chhe.

rednuck school rednock school dursley, gloucestershire, ingland mein sthit ack vyaapak school haye. yeh ack visheshagya vigyaan mahavidyalaya haye jisamen chhathaa roop bhee haye. samanya jaankaari. yeh vidyalaya 1971 mein ack vyaapak vidyalaya key roop mein khola gayaa, joe pahale dursley shahar mein vyaakaran vidyalaya key roop mein kaary kartaa thaa. 2009 mein, school kaa ack poorna punarnirmaan huaa, jisamen ack poori tarah seey naee school site vikasit karane mein 38 million pound kaa nivesh dekhaa gayaa. isamen kaee paryaavaran-anukool visheshtaen hain jaise kii ack sedam chhat aur saur panel aur dakshin paschim nirmit paryaavaran puraskaron key liye bhee chunaa gayaa thaa. navanirmit vidyalaya key vikas kaa jashn manaane key liye, chhatron key liye rednock vidyalaya key itihas key vivaran koo sankalit karane vaali ack pustak taiyar kii gaee thee. pradhaanmantri kii vaishvik fellowship. iss vidyalaya ney 2009 mein pradhaanmantri key vaishvik fellowship karyakram mein apana pahala sthaan praapt kiya haye.

rednock shaale rednock shaleyu inglendna gloucestershiren darsliyalliruva ondu samagra shaaleyaagide. idu aarane roopavannu hondiruva vishesha vignaana kaaleju. saamaanya mahiti. ee shaleyu 1971ralli samagra shaaleyaagi praarambhavaayitu, ee hinde dursley pattanadalli vyakarana shaaleyaagi kaaryanirvahisittu. 2009ralli, shaleyu sampoorna maru-nirmanakke olagaayitu, idu sampoornavaagi hosa shaala taanavannu abhivraddhipadisalu 38 dasalaksha poundgala hoodikeyannu kanditu. idu sedam chaavani mattu soura phalakagalantaha aneka parisara snehi vaishishtyagalannu hondide mattu nairtya nirmita parisara prashastigalige saha shortlist maadalaagide. hosadaagi nirmisalaada shaleya abhivraddhiyannu acharisalu, vidyarthigaligagi rednock shaleya itihaasada vivaragalannu sangrahisuva pustakavannu tayaarisalaayitu. pradhana mantriya jagatika phelowship. ee shaleyu 2009ralli pradhana mantriyavara jagatika phelowship kaaryakramadalli tanna modala vidyarthiyannu hondide.

rednock school englandile gloucestershayarile dursley nagaratthil sthithicheyyunna oru samagra vidyaalayamaanu rednock school. aaraamathe phoom ulkkollunna oru specialist sayans kolejaanith. pothuvaaya vivarangal. munbu dursley pattanatthile vyaakarana vidyaalayamaayi pravarthichirunna eee school 1971 ll oru samagra skoolaayi thurannu. 2009ll school poornnamaayum punarnirmikkappettu, ithu poornnamaayum puthiya school saitt vikasippikkunnathin 38 dasalaksham poundu nikshepam nadatthi. sedam roof, solar paanalukal thudangi niravadhi paristhithi sauhruda savisheshathakalulla ithu thekk padinjaaru nirmmicha paristhithi avaardukalkkaayi shortlist cheyyappettu. puthuthayi nirmmicha skoolinte vikasanam aaghoshikkunnathinaayi, vidyaarthikalkkaayi rednock skoolinte charithratthinte vishadaamshangal samaaharikkunna oru pusthakam thayyarakki. pradhaanamanthriyude aagola fellowship. 2009ll pradhaanamanthriyude aagola fellowship paripaadiyil aadya vidyaarthikku sthaanam labhichu.

rednock schol rednock schol dersley, glocestershire, englandma awasthit ek wyapak vidyalaya how. yo euta visheshagya vigyan college how jasma chhaitaun roop pani samawesh chha. samanya jankari. pahile dersley saharma wyakaran vidyalayako rupma sewa gareko vidyalayale sann 1971 maa ek wyapak vidyalayako rupma kholyo. sann 2009 maa, vidyalayale purna rupma punarnirman gareko thiyo jasle purna rupma nayan vidyalaya siteko vikasma £38 million lagani gareko thiyo. yasama sedam chhat rar solar panelharu jasta dherai paryawaran-maitri suwidhaharu chhan rar dakshin paschim nirmit watawaran puraskarharuka lagi pani chayan garieko thiyo. nawanirmit vidyalayako wikasko utsava manauna vidyarthiharuka lagi rednock schoolko itihasko vivaran sankalan garne pustak tayar garieko thiyo. pradhanmantriko vishwawyapi felocipe. yass vidyalayale sann 2009 maa pradhanmantriko vishwawyapi felocipe karyakramma pahilo sthan prapta gareko chha.

rednock bidyalaja redd nuck skula heuchhi englandara glochestarasajarara darsalire abasthita eka byapaka bidyalaja. ehaa eka bisheshagya bigyana college jeunthire shastha form madhya rahichhi. sadharana suchana. ehi bidyalaja 1971 masihare eka byapaka bidyalaja bhabe kholajaithila, jaahaa purbaru dersley saharare byakarana bidyalaja bhabe karjya karuthila. 2009 masihare, bidyalajati sampurna bhabe punah nirmana karajaithila, jeunthire eka sampurna nutan bidyalaja sthana bikashita kariba paain 38 nijuta pound nibesh karajaithila. ethire aneka paribesha anukula baisistya rahichhi jepariki eka sedam chhaata ebong saura panel ebong dakhina-paschima nirmita paribesha puraskara paain madhya sankhipta talikabhukta hoithila . nabanirmita bidyalajara bikashaku palana kariba paain, chhatrachhatrimananka paain rednock bidyalajara itihasara bibaranee sankalana karuthiba eka pustaka prastuta karajaithila. pradhanamantreenka baiswika phelocip. 2009 masihare pradhanamantreenka baiswika phelocip karjyakramare ehi bidyalajara pratham chhatra sthana hassel karichanti.

rednock school rednock school ikk viaapak school haii joe dersley, glostershire, england witch sathit haii. ih ikk mahr vigiaan kaalaj haii jiss witch chhevan farm vee haii. aam jankari. ih school sann 1971 witch ikk viaapak school vajon kholhiaa giaa see, jiss neey pahilan dersley shehar witch viaakaran school vajon kamm keeta see. saal 2009 witch, school daa ikk sampuran punar nirman keeta giaa jiss witch ikk puurii tarahan naveen school site vikast curran laee 38 million pond daa nivesh dekhiaa giaa. iss witch bahut saariaan vatavaran-pakkhi visheshtavan hunn jiven kii ikk saddom chhatt atey solar panel atey dakkhan-pachham witch baney vatavaran puraskaran laee vee shortlist keeta giaa see. navein baney school dey vikas daa jashan manaun laee, vidiaarthiaan laee rednock school dey itihaas dey verviaan noon sanklit curran vaali ikk kitaab tiaar keeti gaee see. pardhan mantri dee vishav fellowship. school neey aapna pahila vidiaarthi 2009 witch pardhan mantri dey vishav fellowship program witch sathaan prapat keeta haii.

rednak vidyaalayah rednack-vidyaalayah aangladeshasy gloucestershair-nagarasya dursley-nagare sthitah ekaha vyaapakah vidyaalayah asti. eshah visheshajnavidnyaana-mahaavidyaalayaha asti yasmin shashtam roopam api asti. samanya suchana. 1971 tame varshe samagra-vidyaalayaroopen eshaa vidyaalayah udghatita, yat poorvam dursley-nagare vyaakaran-vidyaalayaroopen karyam krutavatee. 2009 tame varshe vidyaalayasya poornam punarnirmanam jaatam, yena sampurnataya nutanasya vidyaalayasthalasya vikaasaartham 38 dashalax-paund-vyayasya niveshah abhavat. asmin anekaani paryaawaran-anukoolaani vaishishtyam santi yathaa sedam-roof, solar-pyanal cha, tathaa nairutya-nirmita-paryaawaran-puraskaranam krute api chayanam krutam. navanirmitasya vidyaalayasya vikaasasya utsavam aacharitum, chhatranam krute rednack-vidyaalayasya itihasasya vivaranam sankalitam pustakam nirmitam. pradhanamantryaha vaishvika-sahabhagitayaha. 2009 tame varshe asya vidyaalayasya prathamah chhaatrah pradhanamantryaha vaishvika-adhyetrutva-kaaryakrame sthaanam praapnot.

rednack palli rednack palli enbathu englaandhin cloucestershire tursleyil amainthulla oru virivaana palliyaagum. idhu oru sirappu ariviyal kallooriyaagum, idhu aaraavathu vadivaththaiyum kondullathu. podhuth thagaval. munbu tursley nagaril ilakkanap palliyaaga paniyaattriya inthap palli 1971 aam aandil oru virivaana palliyaagath thirakkappattathu. 2009 aam aandil, palli oru muzhumaiyaana maruu kattamaipukku udpattathu, idhu muttrilum puthiya palli thalaththai uruvaakkuvatharku 38 million pavundugal muthaleettaik kandadhu. idhu oru sedam koorai mattrum sooriya minn palagaikal poantra pala suttruchchoozhal natpu amsangkalaik kondullathu, maelum thenmaerku kattapatta suttruchchoozhal viruthugalukkaaga pattiyalidappattathu. puthithaaga kattapatta palliyin valarcchiyaik kondaada, maanavargalukkaaga rednack palliyin varalaattrin vivarangkalai thogukkum puththagam thayaarikkappattathu. pirathamarin ulagalaaviya kootturavu. 2009 aam aandil pirathamarin ulagalaaviya kootturavuth thittaththil inththa palli thanathu muthal maanavaraip pettrullathu.

rednack paatasaala rednack paatasaala anedi inglaandlooni gloucestershireloni dursleyloo unna oka samagra paatasaala. idhi aarava roopaanni kaligi unna oka specialist sains kalaasaala. saadhaarana samacharam. eee paatasaala 1971loe samagra paatasaalagaa praarambhinchabadindi, gatamlo dursley pattanamlo vyaakarana paatasaalagaa panichesindi. 2009loe, paatasaala puurti punarnirmaanaaniki guraindi, idhi puurtigaa kotta paatasaala saitnu abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki £38 millionla pettubadini chusindi. idhi sedam roof mariyu solar panels vanti aneka paryaavarana anukuula lakshanaalanu kaligi undhi mariyu nairuti nirmita paryaavarana avaardulaku kooda empika cheyabadindi. kottagaa nirminchina paatasaala abhivruddhini jarupukovadaniki, rednack paatasaala charitra vivaraalanu sankalanam chese pustakaanni vidyaarthula kosam roopondinchaaru. pradhana mantri yokka prapancha phelowship. 2009loe pradhana mantri yokka prapancha phelowship kaaryakramamlo eee paatasaala modati vidyaarthi sthaanam pondindi.

reed naak school reed naak school eek jaamaa school hay juu dersley gloster shayer england mein waaqa hay. yaha eek maahir science college hay jiss mein chhatti shakal bhee hay. amumi malumat. yaha school 1971 mein eek jaamaa school kay toor parr khola gayaa juu pehley dersley qasbey mein grimer school kay toor parr kaam kartaa thaa. 2009 mein school kii makmal tameer noow hoyee jiss mein eek makmal toor parr nayee school saait tayaar karnay mein 38 millin pound kii sarmayah kaaree dekhi gayee. iss mein behat see maahul dost khususiyat haine jeesay kahh sedam chhat aur solar pinal aur asay saoth vest built invirment ewards kay liye bhee shaart list kiyaa gayaa thaa. nayey tameer shadah school kii tarqi kaa jashan mananay kay liyay talbaa kay liye reed naak school kii tareekh kii tafsilaat martab karnay waali eek kitaab tayaar kii gayee. wazeer aizam kii aalimi felowship. iss school nay apnaa pehla taalib alam 2009 mein wazeer aizam kay aalimi felowship prograam mein jagah haasil kii hay.

fffd10cae76bd25ee3d029a697e962d13389979de30bd067670b7e6b7f407612

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60276583

2018-19 EML season

2018-19 EML season

2018-19 ee. em. el. ritu

2018-19 ee. aema. aela. season

2018-19 eae. emm. ell. hangam

2018-19 ei. emm. ell. sijan

2018-19 ee. aimm. aill. season

fffd11c396861b09eaf2ff129753ca4c7d7a0ad3a5f6304e2a6a9519a4373bc0

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5738234

Rfk stadium

Rfk stadium

aar. ef. key. stadium

aar. aff. key. stadium

aar. eff. keey. stadium

aar. eff. keey. stadium

aar. ef. key. kreedaamganam

fffd129b644598cb1b1b370f8b40adc936dd8d732cacbe230c5e98773c4d4fe4

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki?curid=2079647

petició

petició

pee. aii. tii. aaee.

fffd1412f3d16546f33342a55c020d7ef89c6cddb9b2b434b7ba790f3cf75a7a

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36361875

The Newcastle Songster by John Marshall

The Newcastle Songster by John Marshall Book by John Marshall The Newcastle Songster, by John Marshall is a volume of six chapbooks, giving the lyrics of local, now historical songs, but virtually no other information. It was published by John Marshall in stages between 1812 and 1826. Details. The Newcastle Songster, by John Marshall (full title – "The Newcastle Songster; being a choice collection of Songs, Descriptive of the Language and Manners of the Common People of Newcastle upon Tyne And the neighbourhood" (the latter parts suffixed with "part II", " part III" etc.) is a volume of 6 Chapbook style books of Geordie folk songs, each consisting of 24 pages and a grand total of 72 song lyrics, published ca 1812, 1812, 1814, 1821, 1824 and 1826 respectively. The books were published and printed by John Marshall, one of the most prominent chapbook printers in Newcastle during the early nineteenth century. The books are undated and it is difficult to give an accurate date, but the fact that John Marshall did not move into the Flesh Market premises until 1811, dates them not before that date. Several of the later books can be dated approximately from the events, or dates within the titles. The first volumes appeared around the same time as John Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards, published in 1812. The six volume set of books contain some of the region's traditional songs and generally seem to stick to the same formulae as many other Chapbooks in using the same, or similar, well known songs. There are however a few "different" unusual and rare songs which do not appear in many other similar publications. It is assumed that these books, due to the content, would have been very popular with local population. The publication. It is, as the title suggests, a collection of songs which would have been popular, or topical, at the date of publication (or some time before). There is nothing at all in the way of biographies of any of the writers and virtually no details or histories of the events. The front cover of the book was as thus :- THE NEWCASTLE SONGSTER Being a Choice Collection of SONGS, Descriptive of the Language and Manners of the Common People of NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE And the Neighbourhood No pompous strains, nor labour'd lines are here, But genuine wit and sportive mirth appear: Northumbria's genius in her simple rhymes, Shall live an emblem to succeeding times. Newcastle upon Tyne: Printed by J. Marshall, in the Old Flesh-Market. Where here also may be had, a large and curious Assortment of Songs, Ballads, Tales, Histories, &c. Notes. A-C1 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is George Cameron A-E1 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is Robert Emery A-G2 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is Robert Gilchrist A-L1 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is John Leonard A-M1 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is William Mitford A-M3 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is T Moor A-R1 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is Henry Robson A-S1 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is John Selkirk A-S2 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is John Shield A-S3 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is James Stawpert A-S4 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is William Stephenson A-S5 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is William Stephenson A-T1 – according to Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891, the writer is Thomas Thompson F-G1 – according to Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840, the writer is John Gibson F-G2 – according to Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840, the writer is Robert Gilchrist F-H1 – according to Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840, the writer is Phil Hodgson F-M1 – according to Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840, the writer is William Mitford F-O1 – according to Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840, the writer is William Oliver F-P2 – according to Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840, the writer is Cecil Pitt F-S2 – according to Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840, the writer is John Shield F-W2 – according to Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840, the writer is Thomas Wilson Fr-W1 – according to France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne – 1850, the writer is William Watson Tune-A -The tune is not given in the book – but it has been added as attributed in Thomas Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891 Tune-B -The tune is not given in the book – but it has been added as attributed in John Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards 1812 Tune-BS -The tune is not given in the book – but it has been added as attributed in Northumbrian Minstrelsy of 1882 by Bruce and Stokoe Tune-F -The tune is not given in the book – but it has been added as attributed in Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840 Tune-FA -The tune is not given in the book – but it has been added according to FARNE Folk archive resources North East Tune-Fr -The tune is not given in the book – but it has been added as attributed in France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne – 1850 Z-1 – France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne – 1850, Fordyce's Tyne Songster of 1840 and Allan's Tyneside Songs and Readings of 1891 give the author as John Morrison, but in this book it is stated as James Morrison References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

john marswelor dyo nucasol gankari john marswelor dyo nucasol gankari hoise soita sepbukor volume, zo 'too sthaniyo, etiyar oitihaxik gitor kotha diya hoise, kintu pray aan kunu tothyo naai. john marswele 1812 sonor poraa 1826 sonor bhitorot porjyayot iyak prokax korisil. xobixex. john marswelor nucasol gitikar (xompurno xirunam-"dyo nucasol gitikar; gitor ek posondor xongroho huwa, niukesolor xadharon lukoxokolor bhaxa aaru aasoronor bornonamulok bornona aaru suburiya" (pisor ongxobur "ongxo II", "ongxo III" aadir xoite proityoyito.) hoise jordi luk gitor 6taa sepbuk xoilir kitapor volume, protitu 24 pristha aaru muth 72taa gitor kothare gothito, ji krome 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 aaru 1826 sonot prokaxito hoisil. unobingxo xotikar aarombhonite niukesolor onyotomo bixisto sepbuk printer john marswele ei kitapxomuh prokax aaru print korisil. kitapbur tarikhbihin aaru xothik tarikh diyatu kothin, kintu john marswele 1811 sonoloike maangxo bojar pranggonot prowex nokorar kothatu xei tarikhor aagote nohoy. pisor keibakhonu kitap pray ghotonar poraa, baa xirunamor bhitorot tarikhor poraa hoh 'bob paare. prothom khondobur 1812 sonot prokaxito john belor uttor birdor raimor eke xomoyote prokax paisil. choy khondor kitapor setot oncholtur kisuman poromporagot geet thaake aaru xadharonote eke, baa ekedhoronor, xuporisito geet byobohar koraa aan bohutu sapbukor dore eke xutrot otol thoka zen laage. obosye keitaman "bhinno" oswabhabik aaru birol geet aase jibur aan bohutu ekedhoronor prokaxonot dekha nayay. dharona koraa hoy je ei kitapbur, bixoybostur baabe, sthaniyo jonoxongkhyar maajot oti jonopriyo hoi thakibo. prokax. xirunamtuwe poramorxo diyar dore, eitu gitor etaa xongroho ji prokaxor tarikhe (baa kichu xomoyor aagote) jonopriyo baa xamoyik hoh 'bob paare. kunu lekhokor jiwanir rupot eku naai aaru ghotonaxomuhor kunu biboron baa itihax pray naai. kitapkhonor prothom proschodtu enedhoronor aasiloh- xei notun rajmohol gitikar etaa posondor xongroho huwa gitbur, bhaxa aaru aasar-aasoronor bornona xadharon manuh nucasol ono taine aaru suburiya iyat kunu jakjomokor probhab naai, baa sromikor line naai, kintu prokrito buddhi aaru krirar aanondo dekha yayoh xorol raimot northambriyar protibha, poroborti xomoyot ek protik hisape jiyai thakibo. nucasol ono tainoh je-ror dwara print koraa. marshwel, puroni maangxo-bojarot. iyatou etaa brihot aaru koutuholi bhandar thakibo paare. geet, gathagit, kahini, itihax, aaru chi. noot. নোট। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhokjon hoise jorjo kemeron. কেমেৰন। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhokjon hoise robert emeri. এমেৰী। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhokjon hoise robert gilchrist. গিলক্ৰিষ্ট। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhok john leonard. লিওনাৰ্ড। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhokjon hoise uilium mitford. মিটফৰ্ড। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhokjon hoise ti mur. মুৰ। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhok hoise henori roboson. ৰবছন। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhok john chelkirk. চেলকিৰ্ক। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhok john swild. শ্বিল্ড। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhokjon hoise james starpart. ষ্টাৰ্পার্ট। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhok hoise uilium stephenson. ষ্টেফেনছন। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote, lekhok hoise uilium stephenson. ষ্টেফেনছন। sonor elanor tyneside geet aaru pothonor mote lekhokjon hoise thomas thomposon. থম্পছন। sonor fordisor tyne gankarir mote, lekhok john giboson. গিবছন। sonor fordisor taini gitikar onuxori lekhokjon hoise robert gilchrist. গিলক্ৰিষ্ট। sonor fordisor taini gankarir mote, lekhokjon hoise fill hojson. হজছন। sonor fordisor tyne gankarir mote, lekhokjon hoise uilium mitford. ef-oh "1-1840 sonor fordisor tyne gankarir mote, lekhokjon hoise uilium olibhar. অলিভাৰ। sonor fordisor taini gankarir mote, lekhokjon hoise sesil pitt. পিট। sonor fordisor tyne gankarir mote, lekhokjon john swild. শ্বিল্ড। sonor fordisor tyne gankarir mote, lekhok hoise thomas uilson. উইলছন। ganxomuhor mote-1850 sonot, lekhok uilium watson. tyun-e-ei tunetu kitapkhonot diya huwa naai-kintu 1891 sonor thomas aalanor tineside geet aaru pothonot iyak jug koraa hoise. tyun-bi-ei xurtu kitapkhonot diya huwa naai-kintu 1812 sonor uttor birdsor john belor raimot ullekh koraa hoise. tyun-bi-ei tunetu kitapkhonot diya huwa naai-kintu 1882 sonor northambrian minstrelsito bruch aaru sto 'kuye iyak jug korise. tyun-ef-ei tunetu kitapkhonot diya huwa naai-kintu 1840 sonor fordisor tyne ganokar hisape iyak jug koraa hoise. tyun-faa-ei xurtu kitapkhonot diya huwa naai-kintu iyak uttor-pubor ferne luk archive xompod onuxori jug koraa hoise. tyun-fro-ei tunetu kitapkhonot diya huwa naai-kintu francer 1850 sonor tainor birdsor gitxomuhot iyak jug koraa hoise. jade-1-francer ganxomuhor birds owo dyo tyne-1850, fordisor 1840 sonor tyne gitokar aaru elanor tinesider geet aaru 1891 sonor pathxomuhe lekhokjonok john morison hisape diye, kintu ei gronthokhonot iyak james morison buli ullekh koraa hoise.

john marshaler dya nucasol gankar john marshaler dya nucasol gankar chhoyti chyapbuker ekti volume, jaa sthaniya, ekhon oitihasik gaaner kotha deyo, kintu karjoto onno konao tothyo nei. etty 1812 theke 1826 saaler modhye john marshala porjaykrome prakash korechilen. bistarito. john marshaler lekha nucasol ganshilpi (purno shironam-"dya nucasol ganshilpi; gaaner ekti pochonder sangraha, tiner upor nucasol ebong padar sadharan manusher bhasha ebong achoroner bornonamulok" (porer ongshoguli "parta II", "parta III" ityadi soho pratyayita.) holl geordi lokgitir 6tii chapbook shailir boiyer ekti khondo, jaar prottektite 24tii pristha ebong moat 72tii gaaner kotha royeche, jaa jothakrome 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 ebong 1826 khristabde prokashito hoy. boiguli john marshala dwara prokashito ebong mudrito hoyechilo, jini unobingsho shatabdir godar dike nucasoler onnotomo bishishto chapbook printer chhilen. boiguli tarikhbihin ebong sothik tarikh deoa kathin, tobey john marshala 1811 saal porjonto mangser bazar prangane probesh korenni, seii tarikher agey noy. poroborti besh koyekti boi pray ghotona theke, baa shironamer modhye tarikh theke tarikh hotey paare. prothom khandaguli 1812 saale prokashito john beler uttor barder chhora hisabe ekoi somoye prokashito hoyechilo. chhoy khander boigulite eyi anchaler kichhu oitijjobahi gaan royeche ebong sadharonoto ekoi, baa anurup, suporichito ganguli byabohar korar khettre anyanno onek chyapbuker moto ekoi sutroti atke thaake boley money hoy. tobey koyekti "vinno" aswabhabik ebong biral gaan royeche jaa anyanno anurup prokashonagulite uposthito hoy naa. dharona koraa hoy jey, visayavastur karone eyi boiguli sthaniya jonogoner kachhe khub janapriya chhilo. prokashona. shironam theke jaanaa yaay, etty emon ekti gaaner sangkalan jaa prokasher tarikhe (baa err agey kichhu somoy) janapriya baa samoyik hoto. konao lekhoker jeebonite konao kichui nei ebong ghotonagulir konao biboron baa itihas karjoto nei. boitir samoner prochchodti chhilo eirokomoh- seii notun rajmahal gayak ekti pochonder sangraha gaan, bhasha oo achoroner bornonamulok sadharan manush nucasol ono tyne ebong protibeshi ekhane konao jankjomokpurno strain nei, baa shromer line nei, kintu prokrito buddhi ebong kheladhular ananda dekha yaayah taar sahaj chhoragulite northumbria protibha, poroborti somoyer jonno ekti protik hoye thakbe. nucasol ono tyne jeey dwara mudrito. marshala, purno mangser bajare. ekhaneo jekhane thakte paare, sekhane ekti borh ebong kautuhali bhandar royeche. gaan, ballad, golpo, itihas ebong shee. note. নোট। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok hollen george cameron. ক্যামেরন। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok hollen robbert emeri. এমেরি। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok hollen robbert gilchrist. গিলক্রিস্ট। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok john leonard. লিওনার্ড। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok uilium mitford. মিটফোর্ড। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok tii moor. মুর। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok henry robson. রবসন। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok john selkark. সেলকার্ক। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok john shield. শিল্ড। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok hollen james stuppert. স্টাপার্ট। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok uilium steffenson. স্টেফেনসন। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok uilium steffenson. স্টেফেনসন। saaler alaner tineside gaan ebong paatth onusare, lekhok hollen thomas thompson. থম্পসন। saaler fordiser tyne gaaner lekhoker motey, lekhok john gibson. গিবসন। saaler fordiser tyne geetikar onusare, lekhok hollen robbert gilchrist. গিলক্রিস্ট। saaler fordiser tyne gaaner lekhoker motey, lekhok phila hozson. হজসন। saaler fordiser tyne gaaner lekhoker motey, lekhok hollen uilium mitford. মিটফোর্ড। saaler fordiser tyne gaaner lekhoker motey, lekhok hollen uilium oliver. অলিভার। saaler fordiser tyne gaaner gayoker motey, lekhok hollen cessil pitt. পিট। saaler fordiser tyne gaaner gayoker motey, lekhok john shield. শিল্ড। saaler fordiser tyne gaaner lekhoker motey, lekhok hollen thomas willson. উইলসন। gaan onusare tyne-err birds-1850, lekhok uilium watson soor-ayee-surti boitite deoa hoyney-tobey etty 1891 saaler thomas alaner tineside gaan ebong patthe jukto koraa hoyeche. soor-bii-surti boitite deoa hoyney-tobey etty 1812 saaler uttor barder john beler chhora hisabe jukto koraa hoyeche. soor-bii-surti boitite deoa hoyney-tobey 1882 saaler uttor-purbo minstrelsite bruce ebong stoko dwara etty jukto koraa hoyeche. tune-eff-surti boitite deoa hoyney-tobey etty 1840 saaler fordiser tyne gaaner jonno dayee hisabe jog koraa hoyeche. soor-phaa-surti boitite deoa hoyney-tobey etty fern looka sanrakkhanagarer uttor-purbo sangosthan onusare jog koraa hoyeche. soor-phara-surti boitite deoa hoyney-tobey etty francer birds off dya tiner gangulite jukto koraa hoyeche-1850 jeeda-1-francer gaan off dya birds off dya tyney-1850, fordicer 1840 saaler tyney geetikar ebong olaner tiniside gaan ebong 1891 saaler paatth lekhokke john morrison hisabe deyo, tobey eyi boiye etty james morrison hisabe ullekh koraa hoyeche.

john marshel dwara dhaa nucasal songster john marshel dwara lakhaayel dhaa nucasal songster chh chapbookno aek granth chhe, jeey sthaaneek, havey aitihasik gitonaa geeto aape chhe, parantu vaastavma anya koee maahitee nathee. teey john marshel dwara 1812 aneey 1826 nee vachche tabakkama prakashit karvaamaa aavee hatee. vigato. john marshel dwara dhaa nucasal songster (sampoorn sheershak-"dhaa nucasal songster; geetoni pasandageeno sangrah hovathi, tyne aneey padoshnaa nucasalnaa saamanya lokonee bhaasha aneey ritarivaajo varnave chhe" (pachhinaa bhaago "bhaag II", "bhaag III" vagere saathe pratyayit chhe.) aee jyordi lokgitonaa 6 prakaran shaileena pustakono granth chhe, jemaa darekmaa 24 paanaa aneey coole 72 gitanaa geeto chhe, jeey anukrame 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 aneey 1826 maan prakashit thayaa hataa. oganismi sadeeni sharuaatmaa nucasalnaa sauthee agranee chapbook printeromana aek john marshel dwara aaa pustako prakashit aneey chhapavama aavyaa hataa. pustako taarikh vagarnaa chhe aneey chokkas taarikh aapvi mushkel chhe, parantu hakeekat aee chhe keey john marshel 1811 sudhee maans bajaar parisarma gayaa naa hataa, teey taarikh pahelaa temne taarikh nathee. pachhinaa ketlaak pustako lagbhag ghatanao athavaa shirshakni andarni tarikhomathi taarikh curry shakaay chhe. pratham grantho john belnee uttareey bardsnee jodeeona teey jaj samaynee aaspaas dekhaaya hataa, jeey jodkanaa prakashit thayaa hataa. chh granthona pustakomaa pradeshnaa ketlaak paramparagat geeto chhe aneey saamanya reete teey jaj, athavaa samaan, jaanita geetono upyog karatee anya ghanee chapbook jevee jaj sutrone valgee rahe chhe. joke ketlaak "alag" asamanya aneey durlabh geeto chhe jeey anya ghanaa samaan prakashnoma dekhaata nathee. aevu manvama aave chhe keey aaa pustako, saamgreene kaarane, sthaaneek vastimaa khoob jaj lokpreey rahyaa hashe. prakaashan. sheershak soochave chhe tema, teey geetono sangrah chhe jeey prakashanni taarikhe (athavaa thodaa samay pahelaa) lokpreey athavaa prasangochit hota. koee pann lekhaknaa jivancharitromaa kaneepan nathee aneey ghatanaaoni koee vigato athavaa itihas nathee. pustaknu pahelu cover aaa pramaane hatuh- aee. nucasal gaayak pasandageeno sangrah banvu geeto, bhaasha aneey shishtaachaarnu varnan saamanya loko nucasal apon tyne aneey padoshio aheen koee bhavya taana nathee, naa too majurni rekhaao chhe, parantu vaastavik buddhi aneey ramatgamatno aanand dekhaay chheh tenaa saral jodakananma northambriyani pratibha, teey aagaami samay maate aek prateek tareeke jivant raheshe. nucasal apon tineh jeey dwara chhapavama aavyu. marshal, junaa maans-bajaarmaa. jyaan aheen pann aek vishaal aneey vichitra bhaat hoi shake chhe geeto, lokgeeto, vaartao, itihas aneey see. nondho. nondho aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak george cameron chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak roobert emeri chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak roobert gilchrist chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak john leonard chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak veeliyam mitford chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak tii moor chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak henry robson chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak john salkirk chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak john shiild chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak james stoppert chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak veeliyam stephenson chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak veeliyam stephenson chhe. chhe aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchan anusaar, lekhak thomas thompson chhe. chhe fordisnaa tyne songster anusaar, lekhak john gibson chhe. chhe fordisnaa tyne songster anusaar, lekhak roobert gilchrist chhe. chhe fordisnaa tyne songster anusaar, lekhak phila hodson chhe. chhe fordisnaa tyne songster anusaar, lekhak veeliyam mitford chhe. chhe fordisnaa tyne songster anusaar, lekhak veeliyam olivara chhe. chhe fordisnaa tyne songster anusaar, lekhak cessil pitt chhe. aef-aesa aef-aesa fordisnaa tyne songster anusaar, lekhak john shiild chhe. chhe fordisnaa tyne songster anusaar, lekhak thomas willson chhe. chhe gitonaa tine bards-1850 anusaar, lekhak veeliyam watson chhe. tune-aee-aaa tune pustakma aapvama aavyu nathee-parantu thomas aelannaa aneey tineside geeto aneey vaanchanmaa teey umervaamaa aavyu chhe. tune-bii-tune pustakma aapvama aavyu nathee-parantu teey john belnee uttareey bardsnee jodkanaa jodkanaa umervaamaa aavyu chhe. tune-bii-aaa tune pustakma aapvama aavee nathee-parantu nathee-parantu northumbrian minstrellyma bruce aneey stoko dwara tene umervaamaa aavyu chhe. tune-aef-tune pustakma aapvama aavyu nathee-parantu teey geeto fordisnaa tyne songsterma umervaamaa aavyu chhe. tune-faa-tune pustakma aapvama aavyu nathee-parantu tene uttar purvnaa furney loqa sangrah sansadhno anusaar umervaamaa aavyu chhe. tune-fr-tune pustakma aapvama aavyu nathee-parantu teey francenaa gitonaa bards off dhaa tyne-1850 maan umervaamaa aavyu chhe. zed-1-francenaa bards off dhaa dhaa geeto, geeto fordisnaa tyne songster aneey aneey aelannaa tineside geeto aneey vaanchan lekhakne john morrison tareeke aape chhe, parantu aaa pustakma tene james morrison tareeke darshavvama aavyu chhe.

johnn marshel dwara nayaa mahal geetkaar johnn marshel dwara rachit dha nucasal songster chhah chapbook kaa ack khand haye, joe sthaaniya, abb aitihaasik geeton key boll detaa haye, lekin vastutah koee anya jaankaari naheen haye. ise johnn marshel dwara 1812 aur 1826 key beach charanon mein prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. vivaran. johnn marshel dwara nayaa mahal geetkaar (puuraa sheershak-"nayaa mahal geetkaar; geeton kaa ack pasand kaa sangrah honey key naate, tyne aur pados key nae mahal key aam logon kii bhasha aur shishtachar kaa varnan" (baad key bhaagon koo "bhaag II", "bhaag III" aadi key saath pratyay diyaa gayaa haye.) jordy lock geeton kii 6 chapbook shally kii pustakon kaa ack khand haye, jisamen pratyek mein 24 prishth aur kull 72 geet hain, joe kramshah see. aeye. 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 aur 1826 mein prakaashit hue. pustakon koo johnn marshel dwara prakaashit aur mudrit kiya gayaa thaa, joe unnisvin shatabdi kii shuruat mein nucasal mein sabse pramukh chapbook printers mein seey ack they. kitaaben undated hain aur ack sateek tarikh denaa mushkil haye, lekin tathya yeh haye kii johnn marshel 1811 taka maans bajar parisar mein naheen gaye they, una taarikhon seey pahale naheen. baad kii kaee pustakon koo lagbhag ghatnaaon seey yaa shirshakon key bheetar kii taarikhon seey dinaankit kiya jaa sakata haye. pahale khand 1812 mein prakaashit johnn bell kii uttari bard kii kavitaon key saath hii dikhaai diye. pustakon key chhah khandon mein kshetra key kuchh paaramparik geet shamil hain aur aam taur parr usee sootra parr baney rahate hain jaise kii kaee anya chapbook usee, yaa isi tarah key, prasiddh geeton kaa upayog karate hain. haalaanki kuchh "alag" asamanya aur durlabh geet hain joe kaee anya samaan prakashanon mein dikhaai naheen dete hain. yeh maanaa jaataa haye kii yeye pustaken, samagri key kaaran, sthaaniya aabaadi key beach bahut lokpriya rahee hongi. prakaashan. jaisa kii sheershak seey pataa chalata haye, yeh geeton kaa ack sangrah haye joe prakaashan kii tarikh (yaa kuchh samay pahale) parr lokpriya yaa saamyik rhaa hoga. kissy bhee lekhak kii jeevani key raaste mein kuchh bhee naheen haye aur vastutah ghatnaaon kaa koee vivaran yaa itihas naheen haye. pustak kaa pahala aavaran iss prakaar thaah- dha nayaa mahal gaayak ack vikalp sangrah honey key naate geeton mein, bhasha aur vyavhaar kaa varnan aam loga nucasal onn tyne aur pados yahaan koee bhavya tanaav naheen haye, naa hii shram rekhaaen hain, lekin vaastavik buddhi aur khel bhavna dikhaai detee haih uttar-uttar kii pratibha usake saral tukbandi mein, aaney vaale samay key liye ack prateek key roop mein jeevit rahenge. nucasal onn tineh jey dwara mudrit. marshal, puraane maans-bajar mein. jahan yahaan bhee ack badaa aur jigyasu vargeekaran hoe sakata haye geeton, gaathaon, kahaaniyon, itihas aur see. notes. aeye-see1-ellen key 1891 key tyneside geeton aur pathan key anusaar, lekhak george cameron hain. aeye-ee1-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak robbert emri hain. aeye-jee2-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak robbert gilchrist hain. aeye-ell1-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak johnn leonard hain. aeye-aim1-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak villium mitford hain. aeye-aim3-1891 key ellen key tyneside geeton aur pathan key anusaar, lekhak tii moor haye. aeye-aar1-ellen key 1891 key tyneside geeton aur pathan key anusaar, lekhak heinry robson hain. aeye-aiss1-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak johnn selkirk hain. aeye-aiss2-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak johnn sheeled hain. aeye-aiss3-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak james stoppert hain. aeye-aiss4-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak villium stephenson hain. aeye-aiss5-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak villium stephenson hain. aeye-tii1-ellen key tyneside geeton aur 1891 key pathan key anusaar, lekhak thomas thompson hain. aff-jee1-1840 key fordies key tyne songster key anusaar, lekhak johnn gibson hain. aff-jee2-1840 key fordies key tyne sonster key anusaar, lekhak robbert gilchrist hain. aff-aich1-1840 key fordies key tyne sonster key anusaar, lekhak phil hodson hain. aff-aim1-1840 key fordies key tyne sonster key anusaar, lekhak villium mitford hain. aff-oh1-1840 key fordies key tyne sonster key anusaar, lekhak villium oliver hain. aff-pee2-1840 key fordies key tyne songster key anusaar, lekhak seasil pitt haye. aff-aiss2-1840 key fordies key tyne songster key anusaar, lekhak johnn sheeled hain. aff-doubleu2-1840 key fordies key tyne songster key anusaar, lekhak thomas willson hain. aff. aar.-doubleu. 1-france key bards off dha tyne key geeton key anusaar-1850, lekhak villium watson hain. tune-aeye-yeh dhuna pustak mein naheen dee gaee haye-lekin ise thomas ellen key 1891 key tineside geeton aur pathan mein jodaa gayaa haye. tune-bee-yeh dhuna pustak mein naheen dee gaee haye-lekin ise johnn bell kii uttari bards 1812 kii tukbandi mein jodaa gayaa haye. dhuna-bee-dhuna pustak mein naheen dee gaee haye-lekin ise 1882 key uttar-madhya minsterelly mein broose aur stoko dwara jodaa gayaa haye. tune-aff-yeh dhuna pustak mein naheen dee gaee haye-lekin ise 1840 key fordis key tyne sonster mein jodaa gayaa haye. tune-faa-dhuna pustak mein naheen dee gaee haye-lekin ise uttar poorv key farney lock sangrah sansadhanon key anusaar jodaa gayaa haye. tune-fr-yeh dhuna pustak mein naheen dee gaee haye-lekin ise france key bards off dha tyne-1850 key geeton mein jodaa gayaa haye. jaid-1-france key bards off dha tyne-1850 key geet, 1840 key fordes key tyne sonster aur 1891 key ellen key tineside geet aur reeding lekhak koo johnn maurison key roop mein dete hain, lekin iss pustak mein ise james maurison key roop mein kahaa gayaa haye.

zaan marshel avara dhii nucasal hadugara zaan marshel bareda dhii nucasal hadugara, aaru chapbukgala samputavaagiddu, sthaliya, eega aitihaasika haadugala saahityavannu niiduttade, aadare vaastavikavaagi bere yaavude maahitiyilla. idannu zaan marshel avaru 1812 mattu 1826rahra naduve hanta hantavagi prakatisidaru. vivaragalu. zaan marshel bareda nucasal hadugara (purna shirshike-"dhii nucasal hadugara; haadugala aykeya sangrahavaagiddu, nucasal aun tyne mattu nerehore saamaanya janara bhashe mattu nadavalikeya vivaranaatmakavaagide" (nantarada bhagagalu "bhaaga II", "bhaaga III" ityaadigalondige pratyaksharaagive.) idu geordy jaanapada geetegala 6 chapbook sailiya pustakagala samputavaagide, pratiyondoo 24 putagalannu mattu ottu 72 haadugala saahityavannu olagondide, anukramavagi 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 mattu 1826ralli prakatavagide. hattombattane shatamaanada aarambhadalli nucasalna pramukha chapbook mudrakagalalli ondaada zaan marshel ee pustakagalannu prakatisi mudrisidaru. pustakagalu dinankavilladavu mattu nikharavaada dinankavannu niiduvudu kashta, aadare zaan marshel 1811 ravarege maamsa marukatte aavaranakke sthalaantaragollalilla emba amshavu aaa dinankakkinta modalu alla. nantarada halavaaru pustakagalannu ghatanegalinda athawa shirshikegalolagina dinankagalinda andaju dinankavannu niidabahudu. 1812ralli prakatavaada zaan bell avara uttarada baardgala prasagala adhe samayadalli modala samputagalu prakatavaadavu. aaru samputagala pustakagala gumpinalli ee pradeshada kelavu saampradaayika haadugalive mattu samanyavagi adhe, athawa antahude, prasiddha haadugalannu balasuva itara chapbukgalanteye adhe sootragalige antikondive. aadaagyoo, kelavu "vibhinn" asaamaanya mattu aparoopada haadugalu idhe reetiya itara aneka prakatanegalalli kanisuvudilla. ee pustakagalu, adara vishayada kaaranadindaagi, sthaliya generalli bahala janapriyavagirabahudu endu bhaavisalaagide. prakatane. shirshikeyu soochisuvante, idu prakataneya dinankadandu (athawa swalpa samayada modalu) janapriyavaguttidda athawa prachalitavaagiruttidda haadugala sangrahavaagide. yaavude barahagarara jivanacharitregala maargadalli enoo illa mattu vaastavaagi ghatanegala vivaragalu athawa itihaasagalilla. pustakada mukhaputavu heegittuh- dhii hosa kote gayaka aykeya sangrahavaagiruvudu haadugalu, bhasheya vivarane mattu shishtachara saamaanya janaru nucasal aun tyne mattu nerehoreyavaru illi yaavude aadambarada taligalilla, athawa karmikara salugalilla, aadare nijavaada buddhivantike mattu creeda anandavu kanisikolluttadeh tanna sarala prasagalalli naarthambriyaada pratibhe, mundina kaalakke ondu laanchanavaagi badukuttade. nucasal aun tyne zhe mudrisiddaare. marshel, haleya maamsa-marukatteyalli. illi kooda dodda mattu kutuhalakari vingadane irabahudu haadugalu, laavanigalu, kathegalu, itihaasagalu, mattu sii. tippanigalu. aa-sii1-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, barahagara georg cameron. aa-ii1-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, barahagara robbert emery. aa-zii2-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, barahagara robbert gilchrist. aa-ell1-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, barahagara zaan leonard. aa-emm1-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, lekhaki vilium mitford. aa-emm3-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, barahagara tii moor. aa-aarr1-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, henry robson barahagararagiddare. aa-ess1-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, barahagara zaan selkirk. aa-ess2-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, barahagara zaan shieled. aa-ess3-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, barahagara james stoppert. aa-ess4-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, vilium stephenson idara barahagararagiddaru. aa-ess5-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, vilium stephenson idara barahagararagiddaru. aa-tii1-alan avara 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vachanagala prakara, thamus thampson idara barahagararagiddare. eff-zii1-1840rahra fordiesna tyne haadugaarana prakara, barahagara zaan gibson. eff-zii2-1840rahra fordiesna tyne haadugaarana prakara, barahagara robbert gilchrist. eff-etch1-1840rahra fordiesna tyne haadugaarana prakara, barahagara phil hodgson. eff-emm1-1840rahra fordiesna tyne haadugaarana prakara, barahagara vilium mitford. eff-oo1-1840rahra fordiesna tyne haadugaarana prakara, barahagara vilium olivar. eff-pii2-1840rahra fordiesna tyne haadugaarana prakara, barahagara cecil pitt. eff-ess2-1840rahra fordiesna tyne haadugaarana prakara, barahagara zaan shieled. eff-doubleu2-1840rahra fordiesna tyne haadugaarana prakara, thamus willson idara barahagara. efr-doubleu1-fransna haadugala prakara-1850ralli, vilium whatson barahagararagiddaru. tune-aa-ee ragavannu pustakadalli nidalagilla-aadare thamus allan avara 1891 rahra tynaside haadugalu mattu vachanagalalli idannu serisalaagide. tune-bii-ee ragavannu pustakadalli nidalagilla-aadare zaan bell avara uttarada baardgala 1812 rahra prasagalalli idannu serisalaagide. tune-bii-ee ragavannu pustakadalli nidalagilla-aadare 1882rahra uttarada-uttarada minstrelsiyalli bruce mattu stokoi idannu serisiddaare. tune-eff-ee ragavannu pustakadalli nidalagilla-aadare idannu 1840rahra fordiesna tyne haadugaarana krutiyalli serisalaagide. tune-phaa-ee ragavannu pustakadalli nidalagilla-aadare idannu farney jaanapada archive sampanmoolagala eeshaanyada prakara serisalaagide. tune-efr-ee ragavannu pustakadalli nidalagilla-aadare fransna haadugalaada bards off dhii tyne-1850ralli idannu serisalaagide. jhad-1-fransna haadugalu off dhii bards off dhii tyne-1850, fordiesna 1840rahra tyne hadugara mattu alanna 1891rahra tainside haadugalu mattu vaachanagalu lekhakarige zaan marison endu niiduttave, aadare ee pustakadalli idannu james marison endu helalaagide.

joonn maarshalinte dhii nyookaasil songstar joonn maarshalinte dhii nyookaasil songstar, praadeshikavum ippol charitraparavumaaya gaanangalude varikal nalkunna aarr chaapbukkukalude oru vaalyamaan, pakshe phalatthil mattu vivarangalonnumilla. 1812num 1826num idayil joonn marshell ghattamghattamaayi ithu prasidheekarichu. vishadaamshangal. joonn marshell ezhuthiya nyookaasil gaanarachayithaav (poornna thalakkett-"nyookaasil gaanarachayithaav; gaanangalude oru choys shekharam, nyookaasil oonn tyne, ayalpakkathe saadhaaranakkaarude bashayeyum perumaattattheyum kurichu vivarikkunnu" (avasana bhagangal "bhagam II", "bhagam III" muthalaayavayodu chernnathaanu.) yathaakramam 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824,1826 ennee varshangalil prasidheekaricha 24 pejukalum motham 72 gaanarachanakalum ulkkollunna jeordi naadodi gaanangalude 6 chapbook shailiyilulla pusthakangalude oru vaalyamaan. pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil newkaasttilile ettavum pramukha chapbook printarukalilonnaaya joonn maarshalaan eee pusthakangal prasidheekarikkukayum achadikkukayum cheythath. pusthakangal theeyathi nischayichittillaathum krithyamaaya theeyathi nalkaan prayaasamullathumaan, ennaal 1811 vare joonn marshell maamsam vipani parisarathekku neengiyilla enna vastutha aaa theeyathikku munballa. pilkkala pusthakangalil palathum ekadesham sambhavangalil ninno allengil sheershakangalkullile theeyathikalil ninno aayirikkam. 1812-ll prasidheekaricha joonn bellinte northen baardukalude varikal athe samayathaan aadya vaalyangal prathyakshappettath. aarr vaalyangalulla pusthakangalil eee pradeshathe chila parambaraagatha ganangal adangiyirikkunnu, koodaathe mattu chapbukkukal upayogikkunna athe soothravaakyangalil saadhaarana nilakollunnathayi thonnunnu. ennirunnaalum samanamaaya mattu pala prasidheekaranangalilum prathyakshappedaatha chila "vyathyastha" asaadhaaranavum apoorvavumaaya gaanangalund. ulladakkam kaaranam eee pusthakangal praadeshika janangalkkidayil valare janapriyamaayirunnuvennu anumaanikkappedunnu. prasidheekaranam. thalakkett soochippikkunnathu pole, prasidheekarana theeyathiyil (allengil kurachu samayathinu munbu) janapriyamo samakaalikamo aayirikkavunna gaanangalude oru shekharamaanithu. oru ezhuthukaaranteyum jeevacharithrangalude vazhiyil onnum thanneyilla, sambhavangalude vishadaamshangalo charithrangalo phalatthil illa. pusthakatthinte muun puramchatta iprakaaramaayirunnu- dhii puthiya kottaram gaanarachayithaav oru choys shekharam pattukal, bhaashayudeyum perumaattareethiyudeyum vivaranam saadhaaranakkaar nyookaasil oonn tyne oppam ayalpakkavum ivide aadambaramaaya samgharshangalo thozhilaallikalude nirakalo illa. ennaal yadhaartha budhiyum kaayika ullasavum prathyakshappedunnu lalithamaaya kavithakalil northambriyayude prathibha, athu pilkkaalakhattangalude oru pratheekamaayi jeevikum. nyookaasil oonn tyne jeey achadichathu. marshell, pazhaya maamsam-maarkkattil. ivideyum valiathum kauthukakaravumaaya oru shekharam undaayekkaam. pattukal, baaladukal, kathakal, charithrangal & sii. kurippukal. eiii-sii1-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, ezhuthukaaran jorjju cameron aanu. eiii-iii1-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, ezhuthukaaran roobert emery aanu. eiii-jii2-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, ezhuthukaaran roobert gilchristaanu. eiii-ell1-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, ezhuthukaaran joonn leonardaanu. eiii-emm1-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, vilyam mitfordaanu rachayithaav. eiii-emm3-1891 leeii allante tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, ezhuthukaaran muur aanu. eiii-aarr1-1891 leeii alante tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, henry robsonaan rachayithaav. eiii-ezz1-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, ezhuthukaaran joonn selkirkkaanu. eiii-ezz2-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, ezhuthukaaran joonn sheeldaanu. eiii-ezz3-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, jaims staaverttaan rachayithaav. eiii-ezz4-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, vilyam steefansan aanu rachayithaav. eiii-ezz5-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, vilyam steefansan aanu rachayithaav. eiii-tii1-alante 1891 leeii tainsaid gaanangalum vayana anusarichu, thomas thompson aanu rachayithaav. eph-jii1-1840 leeii fordisinte tyne gaanarachayithaav parayunnathanusarichu, ezhuthukaaran joonn gibson aanu. eph-jii2-1840 leeii fordisinte tyne gaanarachayithaav parayunnathanusarichu, ezhuthukaaran roobert gilchristaanu. eph-echu1-1840 leeii fordisinte tyne gaanarachayithaav parayunnathanusarichu, phil hodgeson aanu rachayithaav. eph-emm1-1840 leeii fordisinte tyne gaanarachayithaav parayunnathanusarichu, vilyam mitfordaanu rachayithaav. eph-oo1-1840 leeii fordisinte tyne gaanarachayithaav parayunnathanusarichu, vilyam olivaraanu rachayithaav. eph-pii2-1840 leeii fordisinte tyne gaanarachayithaav parayunnathanusarichu, ezhuthukaaran sessil pitt aanu. eph-ezz2-1840 leeii fordisinte tyne gaanarachayithaav parayunnathanusarichu, ezhuthukaaran joonn sheeldaanu. eph-dablyu2-fordisinte 1840 leeii tyne gaanarachayithaav parayunnathanusarichu, thomas vilson aanu rachayithaav. efr-dablyu1-fraansinte pattukal oof dhaa bards oof dhaa tyne-1850 anusarichu, vilyam vaatsan aanu rachayithaav. tyoon-eiii-eee tyoon pusthakatthil nalkiyittilla-ennaal 1891 leeii thomas alante tynaside gaanangalilum vaayanayilum ithu chertthittundu. tyoon-bii-tyoon pusthakatthil nalkiyittilla-ennaal 1812 leeii joonn bellinte northen bards enna kavithakalil paranjirikkunnathupole ithu chertthittundu. tyoon-bii-eee tyoon pusthakatthil nalkiyittilla-pakshe 1882 leeii north brian minstrelsiyil broose stokkoyum chertthathupole ithu chertthittundu. tyoon-eph-tyoon pusthakatthil nalkiyittilla-pakshe fordisinte 1840 leeii tyne gaanarachayithavil aaropikkappettathupole ithu chertthittundu. tyoon-phaa-tyoon pusthakatthil nalkiyittilla-ennaal farney phokku archive resources north eest anusarichu ithu chertthittundu. tyoon-efr-tyoon pusthakatthil nalkiyittilla-pakshe fraansinte bards oof dhii tyne-1850 gaanangalil aaropikkappettathupole ithu chertthittundu. isad-1-fraansinte 1850leeii bards oof dhii tyne ganangal, 1840leeii fordisinte tyne gaanarachayithaav, 1891leeii alansinte tainsaid gaanangalum vaayanakalum rachayithaavin joonn morrison ennu nalkunnu, ennaal eee pusthakatthil ithu jaims morrison ennaanu prasthaavichirikkunnathu.

johnn marshalcha nucasal songster johnn marshal yanni lihilele daad nucasal songster heey sahaa adhyaypustakanche eka khand aahe, jyat sthanik, aatachya aitihasik ganyanche booal dile aahet, parantu pratyakshat itar konatihi mahitee nahee. johnn marshal yanni 1812 teey 1826 darmyan tappyatappyane teey prakashit kele. tapasheel. johnn marshal yanni lihilele nucasal songster (purn shirshak-'daad nucasal sonster; ganyancha nivadak sangrah asalyane, nucasal aun tyne aanee shejarchya samanya lokanchi bhasha aanee shishtachar yanche varnan karnare' (nantarche bhag 'bhag 2', 'bhag 3' ii. saha pratyay kelele aahet.) haah jordy lokgitanchya 6 adhyaypustika shailichya pustakancha khand aahe, jyat pratyeki 24 prushthe aanee ekoon 72 ganyanche booal aahet, jeey anukrame see. aii. 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 aanee 1826 madhye prakashit jhaale. ekonisavya shatkachya suruvatila nucasalmadhil sarvat pramukh chapbook printerpacky eka asalelya johnn marshal yanni hii pustake prakashit aanee chhapali hotee. pustake tarikh nasaleli aahet aanee achook tarikh dene katheen aahe, parantu johnn marshal 1811 paryant maans bajar parisarat gela nahee hii vastusthiti tyaa tarkhepurvichi nahee. nantarchi anek pustake andaje ghatananmadhil kinwa shirshakanmadhil tarkhanchi asoo shakatat. pahile khand johnn belchya northern bardschya tukadyanchya sumaras 1812 madhye prakashit jhaale. sahaa khandanchya pustakanchya sanchamadhye yaa pradeshatil kahee paramparik ganee aahet aanee samanyatah teech, kinwa tatsam, suprasiddha ganee vaparnyat itar anek chapbookpramanech samaan sutranna chikatoon asalyache disate. tathapi, kahee "bhinn" asamanya aanee durmil ganee aahet jee itar anek samaan prakashananmadhye disat naheet. hii pustake, tyateel majkuramule, sthanik lokanmadhye khoop lokpriy jhaali asateel asey manale jaate. prakashan. shirshak suchavalyapramane, haah ganyancha sangrah aahe joou prakashanachya tarkhes (kinwa kahee kalapurvi) lokpriy kinwa samyik rahila asata. konatyahi lekhakachya charitranchya margat kahihi nahee aanee ghatanancha tapasheel kinwa itihas aksharshah nahee. pustakache mukhprushth pudhilpramane hoteh- daad. naveen killa gayak nivadak sangrah mhanoon ganee, bhasha aanee shishtachar yanche varnan samanya lock nucasal aun tyne aanee shejari yethe konatehi bhavya taana naheet, kinwa kamgaranchya ranga naheet, pann kharee buddhi aanee khelancha anand disun yetoh tichya sadhya tukadyanmadhye northambriyachi pratibha, teey teey kalache prateek mhanoon jiwant rahtil. nucasal aun tyneh jeey. dware mudrit. marshal, junya maans-bajarat. jithe yethe dekhil eka mothee aanee vichitra shreni asoo shakate ganee, gathagit, katha, itihas aanee see. nondi. nondi chya allonchya tineside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak george cameron aahet. aahet chya alanchya tineside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak robbert emri aahet. aahet chya alanchya tineside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak robbert gilchrist aahet. aahet chya allonchya tineside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak johnn leonard aahet. aahet chya alanchya tyneside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak william mitford aahet. aahet 1891 madheel tineside ganee aanee vachananusar, lekhak tii muur aahe. aahe chya alanchya tineside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak heinry robson aahet. aahet 1891 madheel tineside ganee aanee vachananusar, lekhak johnn selkirk aahet. aahet 1891 madheel tineside ganee aanee vachananusar, lekhak johnn shiild aahe. aahe chya allonchya tyneside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak james stoppert aahet. aahet chya allonchya tyneside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak william stephenson aahet. aahet chya allonchya tyneside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak william stephenson aahet. aahet chya allonchya tineside ganyannusar aanee vachananusar, lekhak thomas thompson aahet. aahet chya fordicechya tyne songsternusar, lekhak johnn gibson aahet. aahet chya fordicechya tyne gayakanusar, lekhak robbert gilchrist aahet. aahet chya fordicechya tyne gayakanusar, lekhak phil hodgeson aahet. aahet chya fordicechya tyne gayakanusar, lekhak william mitford aahet. aahet chya fordicechya tyne songsternusar, lekhak william oliver aahet. aahet chya fordicechya tyne gayakanusar, lekhak cecil pitt aahe. eff-ess 2-1840 chya fordicechya tyne songsternusar, lekhak johnn shiild aahe. aahe chya fordicechya tyne gayakanusar, lekhak thomas willson aahet. eff. aar.-doubleu. 1-francechya 1850 salchya 'bards auph daad tyne' chya ganyannusar, lekhak william watson aahet. tune-aii-hii dhun pustakat dileli nahee-parantu thomas alan yanchya 1891 chya tineside ganee aanee vachananmadhye shrey dilyapramane tee jodali gelee aahe. tune-bii-hii dhun pustakat dileli nahee-parantu johnn belchya 1812 chya northern bardschya tukadyanmadhye namood kelyapramane tee jodanyat aalee aahe. tune-bii-hii dhun pustakat dileli nahee-parantu 1882 chya northumbrian minstrelseemadhye broos aanee stokoi yanni dilelya shreyanusar tee jodali gelee aahe. tune-eff-hii dhun pustakat dileli nahee-parantu 1840 chya fordicechya tyne songstermadhil shreyanusar tee jodanyat aalee aahe. tune-phaa-hii dhun pustakat dileli nahee-parantu tee ishanyekadil farney lock sangrah sansadhanannusar jodanyat aalee aahe tune-eff. aar.-hii dhun pustakat dileli nahee-parantu francechya 1850 madheel 'daad bards auph daad tyne' chya ganyanmadhye namood kelyapramane tee jodanyat aalee aahe. zed-1-francechi 1850 madheel bards auph daad tinechi ganee, 1840 madheel fordiceche tyne gitkar aanee 1891 madheel allonchi tineside ganee aanee vachan lekhkala johnn maurison mhanoon detat, parantu yaa pustakat teey james maurison mhanoon namood kele aahe.

john marceldwara nucasal gitkar john marceldwara likhit da nucasal sonster chhawata chapbukharuko khanda how, jasle sthaniya, ahile aitihasik githaruko boll dinchha, tara wastutah kunai anya jankari chhaina. yo john marceldwara 1812 rar 1826 ko bichma charanbadha rupma prakashit garieko thiyo. vivaran. john marceldwara rachit nucasal gitkar (purna shirshak-"da nucasal gitkar; githaruko chhanauta sangraha, tyne rar chhimekma nyukyasalka samanya manisharuko bhasha rar shishtacharko warnan" (pachhillo bhagharu "bhag II", "bhag III" adisanga pratyaya garieko chha.) geordi lock githaruko 6 chapbook shailika pustakharuko khanda how, pratyekma 24 prishthaharu rar kull 72 githaru chhan, kramashah 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 rar 1826 maa prakashit bhaeko chha. pustakharu unnaisaun shatabdiko suruma nyukyasalko sabaibhanda pramukh chapbook printerharu madhye ek john marceldwara prakashit rar chhapieka thie. pustakharu mitiwihin chhan rar sahi miti dina gahro chha, tara tathya yo how kii john marcel 1811 samma mass bazar parisarma sarna sakenan, tyo miti bhanda pahile hoina. pachhilla dherai pustakharu ghatanaharubata wa shirshakharubhitraka mitiharubata lagbhag miti garna sakinchha. pahilo khandaharu sann 1812 maa prakashit john belko uttari bardko tukadiko samayama nai dekha paryo. chha khandaka pustakharuma yass kshetraka kehi paramparagat githaru chhan rar samanyataya saman, wa yastai, prasidha githaru prayog garne anya chapbukharu jastai sutraharuma taansieko dekhinchha. yadyapi tyahan kehi "farak" asamanya rar durlabh githaru chhan june anya dherai saman prakashanharuma dekha pardaina. samagrika karan yee pustakharu sthaniya janasankhyama dherai lokpriya bhaeko manieko chha. prakashan. yo, shirshakle sujhau dieko rupma, githaruko sangraha how june lokpriya hune thiyo, wa samayik, prakashanko mitima (wa kehi samaya pahile). kunai pani lekhakko jiwaniko batoma kehi pani chhaina rar ghatanaharuko vivaran wa itihas lagbhag chhaina. pustakko agrabhag yasaprakar thiyoh- da nayan mahal gayak ek vikalpa sangraha huna githaru, bhasha rar shishtacharko warnan samanya janata nucasal apon tyne anie chhimeki yahan kunai bhawya tanawa chhaina, naha tata shram lineharu chhan, tara wastawik buddhi rar khelkudko ananda dekha pardachhah unko saral tukbandiharuma northambriako pratibha, yasale agami samayaka lagi euta pratikko rupma jiunechha. nucasal apon tainah jey dwara mudrit. marcel, purano masu bajarma. jahaan yahan pani huna sakchha, euta thulo rar jigyasu wargikaran geet, gathaharu, kathaharu, itihasharu, rar see. noteharu. नोटहरू। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak george cameron hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak robert emery hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak robert gilchrist hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak john leonard hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tyneside geet rar pathananusar lekhak william mitford hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak tea murr hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak heinry robson hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak john selkirk hun. ae-ess 2-alanko sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak john shield hun. ae-ess 3-alanko sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak james stappert hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak william stefenson hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak william stefenson hun. हुन्। sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathananusar lekhak thomas thompson hun. हुन्। 1840 ko fordiska tyne gitkarka anusar lekhak john gibson hun. हुन्। 1840 ko fordiska tyne gitkarka anusar lekhak robert gilchrist hun. हुन्। 1840 ko fordiska tyne gitkarka anusar lekhak fill hudgeson hun. हुन्। 1840 ko fordiska tyne gitkarka anusar lekhak william mitford hun. हुन्। 1840 ko fordiska tyne gitkarka anusar lekhak william oliver hun. हुन्। 1840 ko fordiska tyne gitkarka anusar lekhak cecil pitt hun. ef-ess 2-sann 1840 ko fordiska tyne gitkarka anusar lekhak john shield hun. हुन्। 1840 ko fordiska tyne gitkarka anusar lekhak thomas wilson hun. हुन्। githaru aff da bards aff da tyne-1850 anusar, lekhak william watson hun. tune-ae-tune pustakma diieko chhaina-tara yasalai thomas elanko sann 1891 ko tineside geet rar pathanma shreya diieko chha. tune-bee-tune pustakma diieko chhaina-tara yo john belko uttari bards 1812 ko tukbandima shreya diieko rupma thapieko chha. tune-bee-tune pustakma diieko chhaina-tara yasalai 1882 ko northambrian minstrelima bruce rar stokodwara shreya diieko chha. tune-ef-tune pustakma diieko chhaina-tara yasalai sann 1840 ko fordisko tyne gitkarma shreya diieko rupma thapieko chha. tune-fa-tune pustakma diieko chhaina-tara yasalai farney lock abhilekh srotharu uttar purvanusar thap garieko chha. tune-ferr-tune pustakma diieko chhaina-tara yo franceko bards aff da tyne-1850 kaa githaruma shreya diieko rupma thapieko chha. jade-1-franceka bards aff da tyne-1850 kaa githaru, sann 1840 ko fordiska tyne gitkar rar sann 1891 ko elanka tineside githaru rar pathanharule lekhaklai john morisonko rupma dinchha, tara yass pustakma yasalai james morisonko rupma ullekha garieko chha.

zohn marshalanka dwara rachita 'daa nucasal' geetikara zohn marshalanka dwara rachita 'daa nucasal gajika' chhaati chapbook rahr eka khanda, jaahaa sthaniah, bartamana aitihasika geetara sabda pradan kare, kintu bastabare anya kaunasi suchana naahin . ehaa 1812 ru 1826 madhyare parjyajakrame zohn marshalanka dwara prakashita hoithila . bibaranee. zohn marshalanka dwara rachita 'daa nucasal singastara' (sampurna shirshaka-'daa nucasal singastara'; gitagudikara eka pasanda sangraha, tyne ebong padosheenka upare 'nucasal' rahr sadharana lokanka bhasha ebong acharanara barnana "(parabarti anshagudika 'part II', 'part III' ityadi sahita pratyajita .) heuchhi geordi lokgeetar 6tii chapbook sailee pustakara eka khanda, pratyekare 24tii prustha ebong mote 72tii geeta rahichhi, jaahaa jathakrame 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 ebong 1826 masihare prakashita hoichhi. ehi pustakagudika unabinsha shatabdir prarambhare nucasalra anyatama pramukh chapbook printer zohn marshalanka dwara prakashita ebong mudrita hoithila. pustakagudika tarikhabiheena ebong sathik tarikh deba kastakara, kintu zohn marshal 1811 masiha parjyanta maansa bajaara parisaraku jaai nathile, sehi tarikh purbaru nuhen. parabarti aneka pustaka ghatana kimba shirshaka madhyare thiba tarikharu pakhapakhi tarikh hoipare . pratham khandagudika praiah sehi samajare prakashita hoithila jetebele 1812 masihare prakashita zohn belnka 'rhyme off nardarna bards' pustakagudika chhaa khanda bisista pustakare ehi anchalara keteka paramparika geeta rahichhi ebong sadharanatah samaana, kimba samaana, janashuna geeta byabahara karibare anya chapbook bhali samaana sootrare laagi rahithiba pari manehue. tebe kichhi "bhinna" aswabhabika ebong birala geeta achhi jaahaa anya aneka samaana prakashanare dekhajai naahin . anumana karajauchhi je bishajabastu karanaru ehi pustakagudika sthaniah lokanka madhyare bahuta lokpriya hoithiba. prakashan. shirshakaru janapade, ehaa heuchhi gitagudikara eka sangraha, jaahaa prakashan tarikh (kimba kichhi samai purbaru) ray lokpriya kimba samajika hoithaithanta. kaunasi lekhakanka jeebaneere kichhi bii naahin ebong bastabare ghatanara kaunasi bibaranee kimba itihas naahin. pustakara prachadapatati ehipari thilah- daa. nutan durga geetikara eka pasanda sangraha heba geeta, bhasha ebong acharanara barnana sadharana lock nucasal upon tyne ebong padoshi ethaare kaunasi bhabya strain naahin, kimba sramika line naahin, kintu prakruta buddhi ebong creedara ananda dekhajaeh taanka sarala geetare narthambrianka pratibha, parabarti samai paain eka pratika bhabe jibanta rahibe. nucasal upon tainah jay. nka dwara mudrita. marshal, puruna maansa bajaarare. jeunthi ethaare madhya eka bishala ebong kautuhalara bhandara milipariba. geeta, ballad, kahani, itihas, ebong sii. note. aii-sii1-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti george cameron. aii-ee1-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti robert emery. aii-jii2-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti robert gilchrist. aii-ell1-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti zohn leonard. aii-emm1-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti william mitford. aii-emm3-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka tii muura atanti. aii-aara1-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti henry robson. aii-ess1-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti zohn selkirk. aii-ess2-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti zohn shieled. aii-ess3-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti james stappert. aii-ess4-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti william stephenson. aii-ess5-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti william stephenson. aii-tii1-alananka 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathana anusare, lekhaka heuchhanti thamas thumpson. aif-jii1-1840rahr fordignka tyne geetikaranka anujai, lekhaka heuchhanti zohn gibson. aif-jii2-1840rahr fordignka tyne geetikaranka anujai, lekhaka heuchhanti robert gilchrist. aif-echa1-1840rahr fordignka tyne geetikaranka anujai, lekhaka heuchhanti phil hodgeson. aif-emm1-1840rahr fordisnka tyne geetikaranka anujai, lekhaka heuchhanti william mitford. aif-oh1-1840 masihar fordignka tyne geetikaranka anujai, lekhaka heuchhanti william alibhar. aif-pii2-1840rahr fordicer tyne geetikaranka anujai, lekhaka heuchhanti cecil pitt. aif-ess2-1840rahr fordicer tyne geetikaranka anujai, lekhaka heuchhanti zohn shieled. aif-dablyu2-1840 masihar fordignka tyne geetikaranka anujai, lekhaka heuchhanti thamas wilson. fra-waa1-francer 'bards off daa tyne' geeta anusare-1850, lekhaka heuchhanti william watson. tune-aii-ehi tunety pustakare diajainahni-kintu 1891 masihar tineside geeta ebong pathare thamas alananka geeta ebong pathare ehaa jodajaichhi. tune-bii-ehi tunety pustakare diajainahni-kintu ehaa zohn belnka uttara bards 1812 rahr chhandare ullekha karajaithiba bhabare jodajaichhi . tune-bii-ehi tunety pustakare diajainahni-kintu 1882 masihar northambrian ministrelasire brus ebong stokoinka dwara ehaa jodajaichhi. tune-aif-ehi tunety pustakare diajainahni-kintu 1840 masihar fordicer tyne geetikaranka anusare ehaa jodajaichhi. tune-faa-ehi tunety pustakare diajainahni-kintu ehaaku farney lock sanrakhyanagara sambala uttara-purba anujai jodajaichhi. tune-fr-ehi tunety pustakare diajainahni-kintu ehaa francer 'bards off dee tyne' geetare ullekha karajaithiba anusare jodajaichhi-1850 jaded-1-francer 'bards off dee tyne' rahr geeta-1850, fordicer 1840rahr 'tyne' geetikara ebong alananka 1891rahr 'tineside' geeta ebong pathana lekhakanku 'zohn morrison' bhabe pradan karithae, kintu ehi pustakare ehaaku 'james morrison' bhabe ullekha karajaichi.

jauhan marshel duaara nucasal geetkar jauhan marshel duaara likhi gaee 'dha nucasal' geetkar chhe adhiaai pustakan dee ikk sangrah haii, joe sathanak, hunn itihasak geetan dey boll dindi haii, parr asal witch koee horr jankari naheen haii. ih jauhan marshel duaara 1812 atey 1826 dey vichkaar padavan witch prakashit keeta giaa see. verve. jauhan marshel duaara likhiaa giaa nucasal geetkar (poora sirlekh-"nucasal geetkar; geetan daa ikk chonh sangrah, tyne atey guaandh dey aam lokan dee bhasha atey vivhaar daa varnan" (baad vaale hisse "bhaag II", "bhaag III" aadi naal pichhetar keete gaye hunn.) geordi lock geetan deeaan 6 chapbook shaili deeaan kitaban daa ikk khand haii, jiss witch harek witch 24 panne atey kull 72 geet hunn, joe kramvaar 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 atey 1826 witch prakashit hoye hunn. ih kitaban jauhan marshel duaara prakashit atey chhapiaan gaeeaan sunn, joe unhivin sadee dey arambh witch nucasal dey sabh toon pramukh chapbook printran vicchon ikk sunn. kitaban ann-mitee valiaan hunn atey sahee mitee denna mushkal haii, parr ih tatth kii john marshel 1811 takk maas markeet dey ahaate witch naheen giaa see, uhanan noon uss mitee toon pahilan naheen dassdi. baad deeaan kaee kitaban lagbhag ghatnavan jaan sirlekhan dey ander deeaan tarikan toon hoow sakdiaan hunn. pahiliaan jildan use samein dey aas paas pragat hoiaan jadon jauhan baill deeaan uttri bardan deeaan tukan, joe 1812 witch prakashit hoiaan sunn. kitaban dey chhe jildan dey samooh witch iss khetar dey kujh ravaiti geet hunn atey aam taur 'teey use, jaan samaan, prasidh geetan dee varton witch bahut saariaan horr chapbookan dey farmule naal jude hoye jaapde hunn. halanki kujh "vakkhre" asadharan atey durlabh geet hunn joe bahut saare horr samaan parkashanan witch naheen dikhai dinde hunn. ih manniaa jaanda haii kii ih kitaban, samaggari dey caarn, sathanak aabadi witch bahut prasidh hoiaan hongiaan. parkashan. jiven kii sirlekh toon pataa chalda haii, ih geetan daa sangrah haii joe parkashan dee mitee (jaan kujh samaan pahilan) prasidh jaan satahi hunda. kise vee lekhak dee jeevani dey raah witch kujh vee naheen haii atey asal witch ghatnavan daa koee verva jaan itihaas naheen haii. pustak daa pahila cover iss tarahan seeuuu- dha navaan kilha gaeek ikk chonh sangrah honn dey naate geet, bhasha atey vivhaar daa varnan aam lokan daa nucasal apon tyne atey guaandh itthe koee shandar tanaa naheen haii, naa hii laber lines hunn, parr sacchi buddhi atey khed daa anand dikhai dinda haiyav uss dey sadharan tukan witch northumbria dee pratibha, uh aaunn vaale samein laee ikk prateek vajon jeevat rahega. nucasal apon tyne jey duaara chhapiaa giaa marshel, purane maas-baazaar witch. jitthe itthe vee ikk vaddi atey utsuk shreni hoow sakadi haii geetan, gathavan, kahaniaan, itihaas atey see. notes. notes dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak jaaraj cameron hunn. hunn। dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak robbert emiri haii. haii। dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak robbert gilchrist haii. haii। dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak jauhan leonard hunn. aii-aim 1-alan dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak viliam mitford haii. aii-aim 3-alan dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak tii moor haii. haii। dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak hannery robson haii. aii-aiss 1-alan dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak john selkark haii. aii-aiss 2-alan dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak john sheeled haii. aii-aiss 3-ailan dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak james stavart hunn. aii-aiss 4-1891 dey ailan dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak viliam stephenson haii. aii-aiss 5-1891 dey ailan dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak viliam stephenson haii. haii। dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan dey anusar, lekhak thamas thomson hunn. hunn। dey 1840 dey tyne geetkar dey anusar, lekhak john gibson hunn. hunn। dey 1840 dey tyne geetkar dey anusar, lekhak robbert gilchrist haii. haii। dey fordice dey tyne geetkar dey anusar, lekhak phil hodson haii. haii। dey 1840 dey tyne geetkar dey anusar, lekhak viliam mitford haii. haii। dey 1840 dey tyne geetkar dey anusar, lekhak viliam olivar haii. haii। dey 1840 dey tyne geetkar dey anusar, lekhak cecil pitt haii. haii। dey 1840 dey tyne geetkar dey anusar, lekhak john sheeled haii. eff-w 2-fordice dey 1840 dey tyne geetkar dey anusar, lekhak thamas wilson hunn. farr-w 1-france dey geetan dey anusar tyne dey bards-1850, lekhak viliam watson haii dhun-aii-dhun kitaab witch naheen ditti gaee haii-parr iss noon thamas ellen dey 1891 dey tyneside geetan atey reedingan witch jodiaa giaa haii. dhun-bee-dhun kitaab witch naheen ditti gaee haii-parr iss noon jauhan baill dey uttri bards 1812 dey tukan witch jodiaa giaa haii. dhun-bee-dhun kitaab witch naheen ditti gaee haii-parr iss noon 1882 dey uttri-purbi minstrelsy witch broos atey stoco duaara jodiaa giaa haii. tioon-eff-dhun kitaab witch naheen ditti gaee haii-parr iss noon 1840 dey fordice dey tyne geetkar witch jodiaa giaa haii. tioon-faa-dhun kitaab witch naheen ditti gaee haii-parr iss noon uttar purab dey faaran lock puralekh sarotan anusar jodiaa giaa haii. tioon-farr-dhun kitaab witch naheen ditti gaee haii-parr iss noon france dey geetan dey bards aaf dha tyne-1850 witch jodiaa giaa haii. zedd-1-france dey bards aaf dha tyne-1850 dey geet, fordice dey 1840 dey tyne geetkar atey ellen dey tyneside geet atey 1891 dey reeding lekhak noon jauhan maurison dey roop witch dinde hunn, parr iss kitaab witch iss noon james maurison dey roop witch dassiaa giaa haii.

jaan maarshal ityasya da nukestal geetarachanah jaan maarshal ityasya da nyukyasal-geetarachayitre shut chaapbuk-pustakaani santi, ye sthaniyanam, adhunaa aitihasikanam gitanam sahityam dadati, parantu vastutah anyat kimapi suchana naasti. jaan maarshal ityanena 1812 taha 1826 paryantam charanakramen etat prakaashitam. vivaranam. jaan maarshal ityasya da nyukyasal-geetarachayitre (poornam sheershakam-"da nyukyasal-geetarachayitre; gitanam vikalpasangrah iti, nyukyasal-apaan tain tathaa samipasthanam samanyajananam bhashayaha shishtacharasya cha varnanaatmakam" (uttarabhaagaah "bhaag-II", "bhaag-III" ityaadibhih pratyayamkrutaani aasan.) iti 6 chaapbuk-shailinam giordi-lokagitanam pustakanam khandah asti, pratyekasmin 24 prushtaani, 72 gitanam cha vishaal-geetaani santi, ye kramashah 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824,1826 tame varsheshu prakashitaha. pustakaani jaan marshal ityanena prakashitaha mudritaah cha aasan, yah navakyaasal-nagarasya pramukheshu chaapbuk-mudrakeshu anyatamah aasit, oonabimshatishataabdyaah aarambhe. pustakaani anadetih santi, yathartham dinaankam daatum kathinam bhavati, parantu jaan maarshal ityeshah 1811 tamavarshaparyantam maamsavipanyaam naa pravishtah iti tathyam, tebhyah poorvam naa dattam. pashchat rachitaani anekaani pustakaani praayah ghatanaabhih, athavaa sheershakeshu sthitanam teshaam, kalanirdharanam kartum shaknuvanti. 1812 tame varshe prakashitasya jaan-bell ityasya uttar-bards ityasya padyanam prathama-khandaah praayah tasmin eva samaye prakashitaha. shut-khandeshu pustakanam samuhe asya pradeshasya kechan paaramparika-geetaani santi, tathaa cha praayah samananam, athavaa tatsadrushaanaam, suparichitanam gitanam upayoge anyaih chaapbuk-pustakanam sadrushaani sootraani anusaranti iti drushyate. parantu kechan "bhinnani" asamanyani durlabhaani cha geetaani santi, yaani anyeshu anekeshu samaan-prakaashaneshu naa drushyante. ete pustakaani, vishayavastunah karanat, sthaniyajanasankhyayam bahu lokapriyaani aasan iti manyate. prakaashanam. yathaa shirshakena soochitam asti, etat geetasangrah asti yat prakashanasya dine (athavaa kinchitkalam poorvam) lokapriyah vaa saamayikah vaa syaat. kasyaapi lekhakeh jeevanacharitrasya maarge kimapi naasti, vastutah ghatananam vivaranaani vaa itihaasaah vaa naa santi. pustakasya agrabhaagah etaadrushah aasit.- da nootanam durgam gitarachayitri vikalpasangrah iti geetaani, bhasha-vyavahaarasya cha varnanam samanyajananam nukestal apaan tain tathaa sameepasthah. atra naa bhavyaani prabhedaani santi, naa shrama-rekhaani santi. parantu yathaarthabuddhih creedaa-aanandah cha drushyate. nartumbriya ityasya saral-padyeshu pratibhayaha, saha bhavishyat kaalaparyantam prateekam jeevati. nukestal apaan tainh mudritah jey. maarshal, puraatane maamsavipanyaam. yatra atra api vishaalam vichitram cha vargeekaranam asti. geetaani, gaathaani, kathaah, itihaasah, cha. tippanyah. टिप्पण्याः। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah jaarj cameron asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah rabert emeri asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah rabert gilchrist asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah jaan leonard asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram, lekhakah vilium mitford asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah tea moor iti asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah heinry robson asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah jaan selkirk asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah jaan sheeled asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah james stoppert asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram, lekhakah vilium stephenson asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram, lekhakah vilium stephenson asti. अस्ति। tame varshe allan ityasya tansad-gitanam patanaanaam cha anusaaram lekhakah thaamas thompson asti. अस्ति। tame varshe fordies ityasya tain geetarachayitruh mate, lekhakah jaan gibson asti. अस्ति। tame varshe fordies ityasya tain geetarachayitruh mate, lekhakah rabert gilchrist asti. अस्ति। tame varshe fordies ityasya tain-geetarachanakartuh, lekhakah phil hodgeson asti. अस्ति। tame varshe fordies ityasya tain-geetarachanakartuh ityasya mate, lekhakah vilium mitford asti. अस्ति। tame varshe fordies ityasya tain-geetarachanakartuh ityasya mate, lekhakah vilium olivar asti. अस्ति। tame varshe fordies ityasya tain geetarachayitruh mate, lekhakah cecil pitt asti. अस्ति। tame varshe fordies ityasya tain-geetarachanakartuh, lekhakah jaan sheeled iti. इति। tame varshe fordies ityasya tain-geetarachanakartuh ityanena kathitam, lekhakah thaamas willson asti. अस्ति। da bards aaf da tain-1850 ityasya gitanam anusaaram, lekhakah vilium watson asti. tune-e-iti raagah pustake naa dattah asti-parantu thaamas allan ityasya 1891 tame varshe tansad-geetaani tathaa patanaani cha iti namna yojitam asti. tune-bee-iti raagah pustake naa dattah asti-parantu jaan-bell ityasya 1812 tamavarshasya uttar-bards ityasya padyeshu ullikhitaroopen etat yojitam asti. tune-bii-iti-raagah pustake naa dattah asti-parantu 1882 tame varshe brus tathaa stokoy ityanena northambrian minstrelsy ityasmin kathitaroopen etat yojitam asti. tune-ef-iti raagah pustake naa dattah asti-parantu 1840 tame varshe fordies ityasya tain-geetarachayitre ankitah iti namna yojitah asti. tune-faa-iti raagah pustake naa dattah asti-parantu faarne-jaanapad-abhilekhan-samsaadhanasya eeshaanye anusrutya yojitah asti. tune-fr-iti raagah pustake naa dattah asti-parantu france-deshasya da bards aaf da tain-geetaani-1850 ityasmin yuktam asti. Z-1-france-deshasya bards aaf da tain-1850 iti geetaani, fordies ityasya 1840 tame varshe tain geetarachanah, aalan ityasya 1891 tame varshe tansad iti geetaani, patanaani cha lekhakaay jaan morrison iti naamaani dadati, parantu asmin pustake james morrison iti kathyate.

john marshell ezhuthiya puthiya koattai paadagi john marshall ezhuthiya puthiya koattai paatalaasiriyar, aaru saap puththagangkalin thoguthiyaagum, idhu ulloor, ippoathu varalaattru paadalkalin varikalaik kodukkirathu, aanaal kittatthatta vaeru endha thagavalum illai. idhu john marshall enbavaraal 1812 mattrum 1826 kku idaiyil padippadiyaaga veliyidappattathu. vivarangkal. john marshell ezhuthiya puthiya koattai paadagi (muzhu thalaippu-"puthiya koattai paadagi; paadalkalin thaervu thoguppaaga iruppathu, puthiya koattai mattrum akkambakkaththin samanian makkalin mozhi mattrum nadaththaigalai vivarikkirathu" (pinththaiya pakuthikal "pakuthi II", "pakuthi III" poantravai.) enbathu jeordi naattuppura paadalkalin 6 saap puuk paani puththagangkalin thoguthiyaagum, ovvondrum 24 pakkankal mattrum moththam 72 paadal varikalaik kondullathu, idhu muraiyae kibi 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 mattrum 1826 ill veliyidappattathu. paththonpathaam noottraandin murpaguthiyil puthiya aranmanayil miga mukkiyamaana saap puuk pirindarkalil ontraana john marshall inththa puththagangkalai veliyittaar mattrum achchidugiraar. puththagangkal thaethi kurippidappadaadhavai mattrum oru thulliyamaana thaethiyaik koduppadhu kadinam, aanaal john marshell 1811 varai maamisa santhai valaakaththirkul sellavillai endra unmai, antha thaethikku munbu illai. pirkaala puththagangkalil pala nigazhvugal allathu thalaippukalukkul ulla thaethigal pattriyathaaka irukkalaam. muthal thoguthigal 1812 aam aandil veliyidappatta john bellin vadakku paartkalin raimgalin athae neraththil thoantrina. aaru thoguthi puththagangkalin thoguppil piraanthiyaththin sila paarambariya paadalkal ullana, maelum podhuvaaga athae, allathu oththa, nanku ariyapatta paadalkalaip payanpaduththuvathil pala saap puththagangkalaip poalavae athae sooththiraththudan ottikkolgindrana. iruppinum, sila "viththiyasamaana" asaathaarana mattrum ariya paadalkal ullana, avai pala oththa veliyeedugalil thoandravillai. inththa puththagangkal, ulladakkaththin kaaranamaaga, ulloor makkalidaiyae migavum pirabalamaaga irunththirukkum endru karudhappadugiradhu. veliyeedu. idhu, thalaippu kurippiduvathu poala, veliyeettu thaethiyil (allathu adharku munbu sila nerangalil) pirabalamaana allathu maerpoochchu paadalkalin thoguppaaga irukkum. endhavoru ezhuththaalarin vaazhkkai varalaattrilum ethuvum illai, nigazhvugalin vivarangkal allathu varalaarugal ethuvum illai. puththagaththin mugappuppakkam pinvarumaaru irunthathu- endra puthiya koattai paadagi oru thaervu sekarippaaga iruppathu paadalkal, mozhi mattrum nadaththai pattriya vilakkangkal podhu makkal neu castle abaan dyne mattrum akkambakkam aadambaramaana vikaarangkal illai, uzhaippu koadugal ingkae illai, aanaal unmaiyana puddhisaaliththanam vilaiyaattuthanamaana magizhchchiyum thoandrum vadamunai maethai thanathu eliya raimgalil, aduthaduththa kaalangalukku oru chinnamaaka vaalvaar. neu castle abaan dyne achchidappattathu jay. marshell, pazhaiya maamisa santhaiyil. ingku kooda oru periya mattrum aarvamulla vagaippaadu irukkalaam paadalkal, paadalkal, kadhaigal, varalaarugal & chii. kurippugal. kurippugal aam aandin alan dynasite paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar jaarj cameron aavaar. aavaar aam aandin allen dynaside paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar robbert emari aavaar. aavaar aam aandin allen dynasite paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar robbert gilgrist aavaar. aavaar aam aandin alan dynasite paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar john leonard aavaar. aavaar aam aandin allen dynaside paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar villiyam midford aavaar. a-m3-1891 aam aandin allen dynaside paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar dii muur aavaar. aavaar aam aandin allen dynasite paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar henry ropson aavaar. aavaar aam aandin allen dynasite paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar john selkirk aavaar. aavaar aam aandin allen dynasite paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar john sheelt aavaar. aavaar aam aandin alan dynasite paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar james stabbert aavaar. aavaar aam aandin alan dynaside paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar villiyam stephenson aavaar. aavaar aam aandin alan dynaside paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar villiyam stephenson aavaar. aavaar aam aandin alan dynasite paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalin puddy, ezhuththaalar thamas thamson aavaar. aavaar 1840 aam aandin dyne paatalaasiriyarin koottruppadi, ezhuththaalar john kipson aavaar. aavaar aam aandin forticin dyne paatalaasiriyarin koottruppadi, ezhuththaalar robbert gilgrist aavaar. aavaar aam aandin forticin dyne paatalaasiriyarin koottruppadi, ezhuththaalar pill hotkson aavaar. aavaar 1840 aam aandin dyne paatalaasiriyarin koottruppadi, ezhuththaalar villiyam midford aavaar. aavaar 1840 aam aandin dyne paatalaasiriyarin koottruppadi, ezhuththaalar villiyam olivar aavaar. aavaar aam aandin forticin dyne paatalaasiriyarin koottruppadi, ezhuththaalar chessil pitt aavaar. aavaar aam aandin forticin dyne paatalaasiriyarin koottruppadi, ezhuththaalar john sheelt aavaar. aavaar 1840 aam aandin dyne paatalaasiriyarin koottruppadi, ezhuththaalar thamas willson aavaar. aavaar paadalkalaana dainin bards puddy-1850, ezhuththaalar villiyam watson aavaar. dune-aee-inththa paadal puththagaththil kodukkappadavillai-aanaal 1891 aam aandin thamas allen dynasite paadalkal mattrum vaachippukalil idhu serkkappattullathu. dune-pii-inththa paadal puththagaththil kodukkappadavillai-aanaal idhu john bellin vadakku bards 1812 inn raimgalil koorappattapadi serkkappattullathu. dune-ps-inththa paadal puththagaththil kodukkappadavillai-aanaal 1882 aam aandin vadakizhakku minterelsiyil broose mattrum stogoy moolam idhu serkkappattullathu. dune-eff-inththa paadal puththagaththil kodukkappadavillai-aanaal idhu 1840 aam aandin fortisine dyne paatakaril serkkappattullathu dune-phaa-inththa paadal puththagaththil kodukkappadavillai-aanaal idhu vadakizhakku naattuppura kaappaka valangkalinpadi serkkappattullathu. dune-efr-inththa paadal puththagaththil kodukkappadavillai-aanaal idhu brancin dainin bardsin paadalkalil koorappattapadi serkkappattullathu-1850 isat-1-brancin daine bards paadalkal-1850, forticin daine paatalaasiriyar 1840 mattrum alan dainsite paadalkal mattrum 1891 inn vaachippukal ezhuththaalarukku john morrison endru kodukkindrana, aanaal inththa puththagaththil idhu james morrison endru kurippidappattullathu.

zaan marshal rachinchina nyuu kazil sangster zaan marshal rachinchina nyuu kazil sangster, aaru chapbookla valume, idhi sthaanika, ippudu chaaritraka paatala saahityaanni istundi, conny vaastavamgaa itara samacharam ledhu. dheenini zaan marshal 1812 mariyu 1826 madhya dasalavaareegaa prachurinchaaru. vivaralu. zaan marshal rachinchina nyuu kazil sangster (puurti sheershika-"nyuu kazil sangster; paatala empika sekarana, tyne mariyu porugu praantamlooni nyuu kazil yokka saadhaarana prajala bhasha mariyu maryaadalu vivaranaatmakamainavi" (taruvaati bhagalu "paart II", "paart III" modalaina vaatitho pratyayam cheyabaddaayi.) anedi geordi jaanapada paatala 6 chapbook shaili pustakaala valume, veetilo prati okkati 24 paejeelu mariyu mottam 72 paatala saahityam kaligi undhi, ivi varusaga 1812,1812,1814,1821,1824 mariyu 1826 loe prachurinchabaddaayi. eee pustakaalanu pantommidava sataabdam praarambhamlo nyuu kazil looni atyanta pramukha chapbook printerlalo okaraina zaan marshal prachurinchi mudrinchaaru. pustakaalu thedhee laenivi mariyu khachitamaina teedeeni ivvadam kashtam, conny zaan marshal 1811 varaku maamsam market praamganamloki vellaledu anae vaastavam, aaa teedeeki mundu teedeeni suuchistumdi. taruvaati pustakaalalo chaalaa varaku sanghatanala nundi ledhaa sheershikalaloni teedeela nundi thedhee cheyabadavachhu. modati samputaalu 1812loe prachurinchabadina zaan bell yokka uttara bards yokka padyaalu adhe samayamlo kanipinchaayi. aaru samputaala pustakaala samitilo eee praantam yokka konni saampradaaya paatalu unnaayi mariyu saadhaaranamgaa adhe, ledhaa ilanti, baga telisina paatalanu upayoginchadamlo aneka itara chapbookla maadirigaane adhe suutraalaku kattubadi unnatlu anipistundi. ayithe konni "vibhina" asaadhaaranamaina mariyu arudaina paatalu unnaayi, ivi aneka itara saaruupya prachuranalalo kanipinchavu. eee pustakaalu, vishayaala kaaranamgaa, sthaanika janabhalo chaalaa prachuryam pondaayani bhaavistaaru. prachurana. sheershika suuchimchinatlugaa, idhi prachurana thedhee (ledhaa kontakaalam mundu) loe prajaadarana pondina ledhaa samayochitamaina paatala sekarana. rachayitala jeevita charitrala vishayamlo aemee ledhu, vaastavamgaa sanghatanala vivaralu ledhaa charitralu laevu. pustakam yokka mundu cover ilaa undih- dhi kotta koota paatala rachayita empika sekaranagaa undatam paatalu, bhasha mariyu acharala vivaranaatmaka saamaanya prajalu nyuu kazil aann tyne mariyu porugu ikkada aadambaramaina jaatulu, kaarmikula panktulu laevu, conny nijamaina telivi mariyu creeda aanandam kanipistundihi aame saralamaina padyaalalo northumbria yokka medhavi, taruvaati kaalaaniki oka chihnamgaa jeevistaaru. nyuu kazil aann tyne zhe dwara mudrinchabadindi. marshal, paatha maamsam-marketlo. ikkada kooda pedda mariyu aasaktikaramaina kalagalupu undavacchu paatalu, jaanapada kathalu, kathalu, charitralu & sii. gamanikalu. eah-sii1-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita georg cameron. a-e1-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita robbert emery. a-g2-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita robbert gilchrist. a-l1-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita zaan leonard. a-m1-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita vilium mitford. a-m3-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita moor. a-r1-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita henry robson. a-s1-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita zaan selkirk. a-s2-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita zaan sheeled. a-s3-1891 naati allan yokka tainside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita james stoppert. a-s4-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita vilium stephenson. a-s5-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita vilium stephenson. a-t1-1891 naati allan yokka tineside paatalu mariyu pathanaala prakaram, rachayita thamus thampson. eff-zii1-1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayita prakaram, rachayita zaan gibson. eff-zii2-1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayita prakaram, rachayita robbert gilchrist. eff-hetch1-1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayita prakaram, rachayita phil hodgson. eff-emm1-1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayita prakaram, rachayita vilium mitford. eff-oo1-1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayita prakaram, rachayita vilium olivar. eff-pii2-1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayita prakaram, rachayita sessil pitt. eff-ess2-1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayita prakaram, rachayita zaan sheeled. eff-doubleu2-1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayita prakaram, rachayita thamus willson. phra-doubleu1-france yokka bards off dhi tyne paatala prakaram-1850, rachayita vilium watson tune-eah-eee tune pustakamlo ivvabadaledu-conny thamus allan yokka 1891 naati tainside paatalu mariyu pathanaalalo aapadinchabadinatluga idhi jodinchabadindi. tune-bii-tune pustakamlo ivvabadaledu-conny idhi zaan bell yokka uttara bards 1812 yokka padyaalalo aapadinchabadinatluga jodinchabadindi. tune-bii-eee tune pustakamlo ivvabadaledu-conny 1882 naati uttarandhra minstrelsilo brus mariyu stoko dwara aapadinchabadinatluga idhi jodinchabadindi. tune-eff-eee tune pustakamlo ivvabadaledu-conny idhi 1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayitagaa aapaadinchabadindi tune-phaa-tune pustakamlo ivvabadaledu-conny idhi farn jaanapada archive vanarula eesaanyam prakaram jodinchabadindi tune-fr-tune pustakamlo ivvabadaledu-conny idhi france yokka bards off dhi tyne-1850 paatalalo aapadinchabadinatluga jodinchabadindi. jedd-1-france yokka bards off dhi tyne-1850 paatalu, 1840 naati fordies tyne paatala rachayita mariyu 1891 naati allan yokka tainside paatalu mariyu pathanaalu rachayitaku zaan morrison gaa istayi, conny eee pustakamlo idhi james morrison gaa perkonabadindi.

jaan maarshil kaa dee neo kesal songster jaan maarshil kii dee neo kesal songster chh cheep bucks kaa eek majmuah hay jiss mein maqaami abb tarikhi gaanon kay boul diye gayey haine leakin emli toor parr koyee dosri malumat nahein hay. asay jaan maarshil nay 1812 aur 1826 kay darmiyan marahil mein shaye kiyaa thaa. tafsilaat. dee neo kesal songster jaan maarshil kaa (makmal anwaan-"dee neo kesal songster vovo gaanon kaa eek intekhaab majmuah honay kay naatay tyne aur pados kay neo kesal kay aam logon kii zabaan aur tarz amal kii wazahati" (moakhar alzikar kay hasoon kaa lahqah "hasah dom"yee "hasah soam" waghairah hay.) jordi lock geeton kii 6 cheep buck tarz kii kitaabon kaa eek majmuah hay harr eek 24 safhaat parr mushtamil hay aur majmuyi toor parr 72 gaanon kay boul baltarteeb 1812yee 1812yee 1814yee 1821yee 1824 aur 1826 mein shaye hoay haine. inn kitaabon kuu jaan maarshil nay shaye aur chhaapa thaa juu aneeswein sadee kay awail mein neo kesal kay sabb say numayan cheep buck prenters mein say eek thay. kitabein ghair tareekh shadah haine aur darsat tareekh batana mashkal hay leakin haqeeqat yaha hay kahh jaan maarshil 1811 takk gosht market kay ahaatay mein nahein gayey iss tareekh say pehley kii tareekh nahein hay. baad kii kayee kitaabon kii tareekh taqriba waaqiaat say yaa enwanat kay andar kii tareekhon say batayi jaa sakti hay. pehli jald asee waqat shaye hoyee jabb jaan bail kii shamali bardz kii rimes juu 1812 mein shaye hoyee thein. kitaabon kay chh jald kay seet mein khatay kay kachh rawayati gaaney shaamil haine aur aam toor parr asee farmolay parr qayem rehtay haine jeesay kahh behat say dosray cheep buck mein asee tarah kay yaa asee tarah kay maruf gaaney istemaal karnay mein hotay haine. tahim kachh "mukhtalif" ghair mamuli aur nayaab gaaney haine juu asee tarah kii behat see dosri ashaaton mein zahir nahein hotay haine. yaha farz kiyaa jaataa hay kahh yaha kitabein mawaad kii wajah say maqami aabadi mein behat maqbool hoyee hoan gee. ashaat. jaisa kahh anwaan say patah chalta hay yaha gaanon kaa eek majmuah hay juu ashaat kii tareekh (yaa iss say kachh waqat pehley) parr maqbool yaa mozuati hotaa. kasee bhee masnaf kii sawanah umri kay raastay mein kachh bhee nahein hay aur naha hyee waaqiaat kii koyee tafsilaat yaa tareekh hay. kitaab kaa pehla sarwaraq iss tarah thaa:- dee neeya qalah gulukaar eek intekhaab kaa majmuah honaa geeth zabaan aur tarz amal kii wazahat aam loag tyne parr neo kesal aur pados yahaan koyee shandar tanao nahein hay aur naha hyee leebar kii linein haine leakin haqeeqi aqal aur kheel kaa lataf zahir hotaa hay: northambriya kii zahanat iss kii saadah nazmon mein aaney waalay waqat kay liye eek alaamat zindah rahay gee. tyne parr neeya qalah: jay kay zariah print kiyaa gayaa. maarshal paraaney gosht kay bazaar mein. jehaan yahaan bhee how saktaa hay eek bury aur dilchasp darjah bundi gaanay geeth kahaniyan tareekhein aur see. nott. aey-see 1-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf jaarj cameron haine. aey-ayee 1-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf raabart emri haine. aey-jee 2-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf raabart gulcrist haine. aey-eel 1-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf jaan leonard haine. aey-ayem 1-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf waleem mitt ford haine. aey-ayem 3-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf tye morr hay. aey-aar 1-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf hunry raabsan haine. aey-aiss 1-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf jaan selkark haine. aey-aiss 2-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf jaan sheeld haine. aey-aiss 3-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf jaims staptert haine. aey-aiss 4-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf waleem stephenson haine. aey-aiss 5-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf waleem stephenson haine. aey-tye 1-ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay kay mutabiq masnaf thamas thamson haine. aif-jee 1-fordice kay 1840 kay tyne gaaney waalay kay mutabiq masnaf jaan gibson haine. aif-jee 2-fordice kay 1840 kay tyne gaana sunanay waalay kay mutabiq masnaf raabart gulcrist haine. aif-aich 1-fordice kay 1840 kay tyne gaaney waalay kay mutabiq masnaf fill hudson haine. aif-ayem 1-fordice kay 1840 kay tyne gaaney waalay kay mutabiq masnaf waleem metford haine. aif-awo 1-fordice kay 1840 kay tyne gaaney waalay kay mutabiq masnaf waleem auliver haine. aif-pee 2-fordice kay 1840 kay tyne gaaney waalay kay mutabiq masnaf seesal putt hay. aif-aiss 2-fordice kay 1840 kay tyne gaaney waalay kay mutabiq masnaf jaan sheeld haine. aif-dabliyo 2-fordice kay 1840 kay tyne gaaney waalay kay mutabiq masnaf thamas walasan haine. farr-dabliyo 1-france kay gaanon kay bardz aaf dee tyne-1850 kay mutabiq masnaf waleem watson haine. tewan-aey-yaha tewan kitaab mein nahein dee gayee hay-leakin asay thamas ailan kay 1891 kay tyne side gaanon aur padhnay mein shaamil kiyaa gayaa hay. tewan-bee-yaha tewan kitaab mein nahein dee gayee hay-leakin asay jaan bail kii shamali bardz kii rasiyon mein mansub kiyaa gayaa hay. tewan-bee-yaha tewan kitaab mein nahein dee gayee hay-leakin asay 1882 kay northambrain ministerly mein brose aur stoco kay zariah mansub kiyaa gayaa hay. tewan-aif-yaha tewan kitaab mein nahein dee gayee hay-leakin asay fordice kay 1840 kay tyne gaantar mein shaamil kiyaa gayaa hay. tewan-faa-yaha tewan kitaab mein nahein dee gayee hay-leakin asay shamaal mashriq kay farn lock archive kay wasail kay mutabiq shaamil kiyaa gayaa hay. tewan-farr-yaha tewan kitaab mein nahein dee gayee hay-leakin asay france kay gaanon kay bardz aaf dee tyne mein shaamil kiyaa gayaa hay-1850 zeed-1-france kay gaaney aaf dee bardz aaf dee dee fordice kay tyne gaana cinster 1840 aur ailan kay tyne side gaaney aur 1891 kay reding masnaf kuu jaan morison kay toor parr deetay haine leakin iss kitaab mein asay jaims morison kay toor parr biyaan kiyaa gayaa hay.

fffd14c7d841cea4d7bd6f35569adf6628a1f7c2ce1b14d7444d8d9ae1dd3241

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=64460112

Decree of Diopeithes

Decree of Diopeithes Decree instituted by the opponents of Pericles in an attempt to discredit Anaxagoras The Decree of Diopeithes was instituted by the opponents of Pericles in an attempt to discredit Anaxagoras. The date is not exact, as sources give different years. Some sources list the arrest and trial of Anaxagoras as early as 437/6 BCE, others at 434 BCE, and still others 432. The charges stemmed from his observations of the heavens and asserting that there were no lunar and solar deities. According to the Oxford Classical Dictionary, the only reference to this decree comes from Plutarch's "Pericles": <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />And Diopithes proposed a decree, that public accusations should be laid against persons who neglected religion, or taught new doctrines about things above, directing suspicion, by means of Anaxagoras, against Pericles himself. A reference to the trial of Anaxagoras was mentioned by Plato in "Apology": <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />That is an extraordinary statement, Meletus. Why do you say that? Do you mean that I do not believe in the godhead of the sun or moon, which is the common creed of all men? I assure you, judges, that he does not believe in them; for he says that the sun is stone, and the moon earth. Friend Meletus, you think that you are accusing Anaxagoras; and you have but a bad opinion of the judges, if you fancy them ignorant to such a degree as not to know that those doctrines are found in the books of Anaxagoras the Clazomenian, who is full of them. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

diopethesor dikri perikelsor birudhixokole anaxagurasok bodnam korar prochestat diopethesor dikri protistha korisil. tarikhtu xothik nohoy, kiyonu xutroxomuhe bibhinno bosor diye. kisuman xutroi 437/6 khristopurbor porai anaxagurasor greptar aaru bisar talikabhukto kore, aanbur 434 khristopurbot, aaru etiyau aanbur 432 khristopurbot. teur sworgor porzobekhyonor poraa aaru kunu chondro aaru xour debota nasil buli daabi korar poraa obhijugbur udbhob hoisil. oxford classical obhidhanor mote, ei dikrir ekmatro ullekh plutercor "pericals" ror poraa aahiseh anaxagurasor bisaror etaa ullekh platuwe "khyoma prarthona" too ullekh korisiloh

diopetheser decree diopetheser decree anaxagoruske asamman korar prayase pericleser birodhider dwara protisthito hoyechilo. tarikhti sothik noy, kaaron sutroguli bivinno bochor deyo. kichhu sootro anaxagoraske greptar oo bicharer kotha talikabhukto koreche khristopurbo 434 khristopurbabde, onnora 434 khristopurbabde, ebong ekhono annannora 432 khristopurbabde. abhijogguli taanr akash porjobekkhon theke udbhuto hoyechilo ebong jore diye bolechilo jey konao chandra oo sour debota chhilo naa. oxford shastriya abhidhan onusare, eyi decretir ekmatro ullekh pluterker "pericles" theke eseche plato "khamaprarthana"-teey anaxagoraser bicharer ekti ullekh ullekh korechenoh

diopithesno hukam diopithesna hukamnee sthaapnaa pericalsnaa virodheeo dwara anaxagorasne badnam karvaanaa prayasma karvaamaa aavee hatee. taarikh chokkas nathee, kaaran keey stroto judaa judaa varsho aape chhe. ketlaak stroto anaksagorasni dharapkad aneey sunavanini yaadee 437/6 BCE nee sharuaatmaa aape chhe, anya 434 BCE maan, aneey haju pann anya 432. aaropo swargnaa temnaa avalokanomathi udbhave chhe aneey bhaarpurvak janaave chhe keey koee chandra aneey saur devtaao naa hataa. oxford shaastriy shabdkosh anusaar, aaa hukamno ekmatra sandarbh plutarknaa "pericals" maanthi aave chheh anaxagorasna mukadmaanaa sandarbhno ullekh plato dwara "maafee" maan karvaamaa aavyo hatoh

diopithes kaa farman diopithes kaa farman pericals key virodhiyon dwara anaxagorus koo badnam karane key prayaas mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. tarikh sateek naheen haye, kyonki srot alag-alag varshon koo dete hain. kuchh sroton ney anaxagorus kii giraftari aur mukadame koo pahale seey hii soochibaddh kiya haye, anya 434 eesaa poorv mein, aur abhee bhee anya 432. aarop swarg key unake avalokan seey utpann hue aur daavaa kiya kii koee chandra aur saur devta naheen they. oxford shaastriya shabdakosh key anusaar, iss decree kaa ekmatra sandarbh plutarch key "pericals" seey aataa haih anaxagorus key mukadame key sandarbh kaa ullekh plato dwara "maafi" mein kiya gayaa thaah

diopithesna adesha anaxagorus annu apakhyaatigolisuva prayatnadalli pericalsna virodhigalu diopithesna aadeshavannu sthaapisidaru. moolagalu bere bere varshagalannu niiduvudarinda dinankavu nikharavagilla. kelavu moolagalu cree. poo. 434ralli anaksagararu, itararu cree. poo. 434ralli mattu innoo kelavu 432ralli anaksagararu bandhanakkolagaada mattu vicharanegolagada ghatanegalannu patti maaduttave. ee aaropagalu aatana aakaashada avalokanagalinda udbhavisive mattu chandra mattu soura devategalilla endu pratipaadisive. oxford shaastriya nighantina prakara, ee aadeshada ekaika ullekhavu plutarchn "pericals" ninda baruttadeh anaxagorasna vichaaraneya ullekhavannu plato "kshame" yalli ullekhisiddaareh

diopithescha aadesh diopithescha hukum pericalschya virodhakanni anaxagorasla badnam karnyachya prayatnat sthapit keela hota. tarikh achook nahee, kaaran srot vegvegali varshe detat. kahee strotanmadhye anaksagoraschya atakechi aanee khatalyachi yadee isavi sunpoorv 1 purvi, itar 434 isavi sunpoorv aanee itar 432 madhye dilee aahe. heey aarop tyachya aakashavaril nirikshanatun udbhavale aahet aanee teey asey sangatat qee chandra aanee saur devata navhatya. auxford shastriy shabdakoshanusar, yaa aadeshacha ekmev sandarbh plutarkchya 'pericals' madhoon yetoh platone 'maafee' madhye anaksagoraschya khatalyachya sandarbhatil ullekh keela aaheh

diopithes rahr decree anaxagorasanku badnam kariba prajasare perikalsra birodheemananka dwara diopithesra decree pratistha karajaithila. tarikh sathik nuhen, kaaran utsagudika bhinna bhinna barsha pradan karanti . keteka sutra anaxagorasanka girapha ebong bicharaku 437/6 BCE ray talikabhukta karichanti, anyamane 434 BCE ray, ebong anyamane 432. swarga bishajare tankara parjyabekhyanaru ebong kaunasi chandra ebong saura debata nathile bolly daabi curry abhijoga utpanna hoithila . oxford shastriya abhidhana anujai, ehi adeshar ekamatra sandarbha plutarkanka "pericals" ru aasichhih anaxagorasanka bichar eka sandarbha platonka dwara "khyama prarthana" ray ullekha karajaithilaha

diopethes daa ferman diopethes daa ferman perical dey virodhiaan duaara anoxagores noon badnam curran dee koshish witch sathapat keeta giaa see. mitee sahee naheen haii, kiunki sarot vakkh-vakkh saal dinde hunn. kujh sarotan neey anaxagores dee griftari atey mukkadme noon 437/6 eesa purav, horaan noon 434 eesa purav, atey horaan noon 432 eesvi purav witch suchibadh keeta haii. dosh swarg dey uss dey nirikhanan toon paida hoye hunn atey zor dey keey kahinde hunn kii koee chander atey surji devta naheen sunn. oxford classical dictionary dey anusar, iss ferman daa ikko ikk havala plutarch dey "pericals" toon aaunda haiyav anoxagores dey mukkadme daa havala platto duaara "muafi" witch ditta giaa seeuuu

diopithes ityasya adeshah diopithes ityasya adeshah pericals ityasya virodhakaih anaxagorus ityasya apakeertim kartum prayatanen sthaapitah. dinaankah naa yatharthah asti, yatah srotah bhinnavarshaani dadati. kechan srotah anaxagorus-janaanaam greptaaram parikshanam cha saa. sha. poo. 434 tame varshe, anye 432 tame varshe cha soochayanti. aaropah tasya swargasya nirikshanaat udbhootah, chandra-saura-devataah naa aasan iti pratipaadayat. oxford-shaastreey-shabdakoshasya anusaaram, asya aadeshasy ekamaatrah ullekhah plutarch ityasya "pericals" ityatah praaptah asti. anaxagorus ityasya vichaaranasya ullekhah playto ityanena "kshamaapanam" ityasmin ullikhitah aasit.

diopeticalin aanai anaxaakoaraakkalai izhivupaduththum muyarchiyil periclesai ethirppavargalaal diopetes aanai niruvappattathu. aathaarangkal vevvaeru aandugalai valangkuvathaal, thaethi thulliyamaaga illai. sila aathaarangkal kimu kimu muthal kimu 434 varai anaxaakoaraakkalaik kaithu seithu visaaranai seithathaaga pattiyalidugindrana, mattravai kimu 434 varai, innum sila 432 varai. kuttrachchaattugal vaanaththaip pattriya avarathu avathaanippukalilirunthu uruvaagina, maelum sandhira mattrum sooriya theivangal illai endru valiyuruththukintrana. oxfordu paarambariya agaraathiyin puddy, inththa aanaiyaip pattriya oray kurippu bluetarkin "pericles" ilirunththu varukirathu anaxacorus meethaana visaaranai pattriya kurippu platowal "mannippu" ill kurippidappattullathu

diopithes yokka decree anaxagorasnu apakeerti chese prayatnamlo pericals pratyarthulu diopithes decreeni sthaapinchaaru. muulaalu ververu samvatsaraalanu andistunnanduna thedhee khachitamainadi kaadu. konni muulaalu anaxagorasla arrestu mariyu vichaarananu kristupurvam 437/6 lone, itarulu kristupurvam 434 loe, inca itarulu 432 loe jabita chesaayi. aakaasam gurinchi ayana chesina pariseelanala nundi mariyu chandra mariyu soura devatalu laerani nokkicheppadam dwara aaropanalu vachayi. oxford shaastreeya nighantuvu prakaram, eee decreaki sambandhinchina ekaika suuchana plutarch yokka "pericals" nundi vachindihi anaxagorus vichaaranaku sambandhinchina prastaavananu plato "kshamaapana" loe prastaavinchaaruh

diopathus kaa farmaan diopathus kaa farmaan pericals kay mukhalifen nay inksagoras kuu badnaam karnay kii koshish mein qayem kiyaa thaa. tareekh darsat nahein hay keunkah zaraye mukhtalif saal batatay haine. kachh zaraye inksagoras kii giraftari aur moqhadhime kii samaat kuu 437/6 qabal maseeh kay awail mein dosron kuu 434 qabal maseeh mein aur phir deegar kuu 432 qabal maseeh mein darj kartay haine. alzamaat aasman kay baaray mein inn kay mashahidat say paida hoay aur iss baath parr zoor deetay haine kahh koyee qamri aur shamsi devta nahein thay. oxford classici dictionery kay mutabiq iss farmaan kaa waahid hawalah plotarch kay "pericals" say aataa hay: inksagors kay moqhadhime kay hawalay kaa zakar plato nay "maafi" mein kiyaa thaa:

fffd2b29a9e83d9964a812f1d8a6b1be0fc55cb29bd84f86f94d977b43fd6f1e

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=64579425

Gulom Urunov

Gulom Urunov Uzbek footballer Gulom Urunov (born 7 June 1989) is an Uzbek professional footballer who last played as a defender for Indian I-League side Gokulam Kerala. Club career. Gokulam Kerala. After playing his entire career in his native Uzbekistan, Urunov moved to India to sign with I-League side Gokulam Kerala. He made his debut for the club on 9 December 2017 against NEROCA. He started and played just the first half before being subbed off as Gokulam Kerala were defeated 0–3. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

gulom urunov gulom urunov (jonmo 7 june 1989) ejon ujbekistanor pesadari football kheluwoi jiye xexbaror baabe bharotiyo aai-leegor doll gokulam keralar hoi defender hisape khelisil. clubber keriyar. gukulam kerala. nijor jonmosthan ujbekistanot gutei keriyarkhon khelar pisot, urunov aai-leegor pokhyo gokulam keralar xoite suktibodho hoh "boloi bharotoloi goisil. 2017 sonor 9 disemborot nerukar biruddhe teu klabkhonor hoi aatmoprokax korisil. teu aarombho korisil aaru prothom ordhobhag khelisil aaru gukulam keralak 3-0ror porajoyor xonmukhin hoisil.

gulom urunov gulom urunov (jonmo 7 june 1989) ekjon uzbekistani peshadar football kheload jini sheshbar bharatiya aaee-liger doll gokulam keralar hoye ekjon defender hisebe khelechilen. club carrier. gokulam kerala. nijer jonmosthan uzbekistane puro carrier khelar porr urunov aaee-liger doll gokulam keralar sange chuktiboddho howar jonno bharte choley asen. 2017 saaler 9ee december nerokar bipokkhe tini cluber hoye atmoprokash corren. tini shuru corren ebong prothomardher thhik agey khelen, jokhon gokulam kerala 3-0 gole porajito hoy.

gulom urunov gulom urunov (janm 7 juuna 1989) aek uzbekistani vyaavsaayik footballer chhe, jeey chhelle bhaartiy aaee-leegnee team gokulam kerala maate defender tareeke ramyo hato. club karkirdi. gokulam keral. potaani samagr karkirdi potaana vatan uzbekistanma ramyaa baad urunov aaee-leegnee team gokulam kerala saathe karaar karvaa maate bhaarat aavyaa hataa. tene 9 december december roj neroka saame club maate padaarpan karyoo hatoo. temane sharuaat curry aneey pahelaa hafma jaj ramyaa hataa, jyaare gokkulam keralne 3-0 thee parajay malyo hato.

gulom urunov gulom urunov (janm 7 juuna 1989) ack uzbek peshevar footballer hain joe aakhiri baar bhaaratiya aaee-leag paksh gokulam keral key liye ack rakshak key roop mein khele they. club carrier. gokulam keral. apane poore currier koo apane mool uzbekistan mein khelane key baad, urunov aaee-leag paksh gokulam keral key saath anubandh karane key liye bhaarat chaley gaye. unhone 9 disambar 2017 koo neroka key khilaf club key liye apani shuruat kii. unhone shuruat kii aur pahale haaf mein hii khela, lekin gokulam keral koo 3-0 seey haraaya.

gulom urunov gulom urunov (janana 7 zoon 1989) uzbekistan naa vruttipara football aatagararagiddu, avaru koneya baarige bhaaratiya aii-leigh tandada gokulam keralada rakshakanaagi aadidaru. club vrattijeevana. gokulam kerala. tanna sampoorna vrattijeevanavannu tanna sthaliya ujbekistaanadalli aadida nantara, urunov aii-leigh tandavaada gokulam keraladondige oppanda madikollalu bharatakke teralidaru. avaru 2017rahra december 9randu neroka viruddha klabge paadaarpane maadidaru. avaru aarambhisidaru mattu aadida modalaardhadalli gokulam kerala 3-0 antaradinda sotitu.

gulom urunov indian aii-leag teamaaya gokkulam keralayude prathirodhakkaaranaayi avasaanamaayi kalicha oru usbekistan professional football kalikkaranaanu gulom urunov (jananam 7 juun 1989). club currier. gokkulam keralam. janmanaadaaya usbekkistaanil thante currier muzhuvan kalicha sesham urunov aii-leag team gokkulam keralayumaayi karar oppidunnathinaayi indiayilekku maari. 2017 desember 9 nuu nerokkaykkethire addeham klabbinaayi arangettam kurichu. gokkulam keralatthe 3-0 nuu paraajayappedutthiyathinu munbu addeham aadya pakuthi aarambikkukayum kalikkukayum cheythu.

gulom urunov gulom urunov (janm 7 juuna 1989) haah uzbekistancha vyavsayik footballpatu aahe joou bharatiy aay-leag sangh gokulam keralsathi shevatcha bachavpatu mhanoon khelala hota. club karkird. gokulam keral. uzbekistanmadhye aapali sampoorn karkird khelalyanantar, urunov aay-leegchya gokulam keral sanghasobat karar karnyasathi bharatat aala. tyane 9 december 2017 roji nerokaviruddha klabsathi padarpan kele. tyane suruvat kelee aanee keval pahila ardha khelala, tevha gokulam keralcha 3-0 assa parabhav jhaala.

gulom urunobh gulom urunobh (janma 7 june 1989) ek uzbekistanka peshewar footballer hun jasle antim patak bharatiya aie-ligg side gokulam kerlaka lagi defenderko rupma kheleka thie. club currier. gokulam keral. afno sampurna currier afno muel uzbekistanma khelepachhi, urunobh aie-ligg side gokulam keralasanga sine garna bharat sare. unle 9 december 2017 maa nerokawiruddha clubka lagi debue gare. unle suru gare rar pahilo haf matra khele, jabki gokulam kerla 3-0 ley parajit bhayo.

gulom urunov gulom urunov (janma 7 june 1989) jane uzbekistan peshadara football khelali jie shesh thara paain bharatiah aai-ligg dala gokulam kerala paain jane defender bhabare khelithile. club kyariyara. gokulam kerala. niz janma sthana ujabekistanare nijara samagra kyariyara kheliba parey urunova aai-ligg pakhya gokulam kerala sahita chukti kariba paain bharat chalijaithile. shay 9 december 2017 ray neroka bipakhyare club paain debyu karithile. shay prathamardha arambha karithile ebong khelithile, kintu gokulam kerala 3-0 ray parasta hoithila.

gulom urunov gulom urunov (janam 7 juun 1989) ikk uzbekistan daa peshevar footballer haii joe aakhri vaar bharti aaee-leeg team gokulam keral laee defender vajon khediaa see. club carrier. gokulam keral. aapne jaddi uzbekistan witch aapna poora carrier khedan toon baad, urunov aaee-leeg dee team gokulam keral naal samjhauta curran laee bharat chaley gaye. uss neey 9 dasambar 2017 noon naeroka dey virudh club laee aapni shuruat keeti. uss neey shuruat keeti atey pahile addh witch hii khediaa, jiss toon baad uss noon 3-0 naal guaa ditta giaa.

gulom urunov gulom urunov (janma 7 joon 1989) ekaha ujbekistaan-deshasya vyaavasaayikah football-kreedakah asti yah antimavaaram indian-aii-leag-pakshasya gokulam-kerala-pakshasya rakshakatvena kreeditavaan. club-vruttihi. gokulam kerala. swa-janmasthaane ujbekistaan-deshe swasya sampoorn-vruttijeevanam kriditva urunov-varyaha aii-leag-pakshena gokulam-keral-ityanena saha saha anubandham kartum bharatam gatavaan. saha 2017 december 9 dinaanke nerokayaha viruddham club-krute padaarpanam krutavaan. saha arambham kreeditavaan, poorvamev prathamardham kreeditavaan, yatah gokulam-keralam 3-0 ityanena paraajitam.

kuloam urunoav kuloam urunoav (pirappu 7 juun 1989) oru ospekistan thozhilmurai kaalpandhu veerar aavaar, avar kadaisiyaaga inthiya aii-leak anii kookkulam kaeralaavukkaaga paathukaavalaraaka vilaiyaadinaar. kilap vaazhkkai. kookkulam keralaa. thanathu sontha uspekistanil thanathu muzhu vaazhkkaiyaiyum vilaiyaadiya piragu, urunoav aii-leak anii kookkulam kaeralaavudan oppantham seiya inthiyaavukku kudipeyarnthaar. avar 9 disambar 2017 andru nerokkaavukku ethiraaga kilappirkaaga arimugamaanaar. kookkulam keralaa 3-0 endra cole kanakkil thoarkadikkappattathaal, avar muthal paathiyil vilaiyaadinaar.

gulom urunov gulom urunov (jananam 7 juun 1989) oka uzbekistan professional football kreedaakaarudu, athanu chivarisariga indian ii-leag jattu gokulam keralaku defenderga aadadu. club kereer. gokulam kerala. thana kereer mottaanni thana sthaanika uzbekistanlo aadina taruvaata, urunov ii-leag jattu gokulam keralatho oppandam kudurchukovadaniki bharatadesaniki vellaaru. athanu 9 december 2017naa neroka jattutho club tarafuna arangetram chesaadu. athanu praarambhinchi, aadina modati sagam matrame aadina taruvaata, gokulam kerala 3-0thoo odipoyindi.

glome arnof glome arnof (paidaish 7 joone 1989) eek azbak paishah warr fitt baalar hay juu aakhri baar indeen aayee leeg kii taraf say gokulam kiralah kay liye batoor muhafiz kheela thaa. kalb carrier. gokulam kiralah. apnaa poraa carrier apnay aabayi azbakistan mein khelnay kay baad arnof aayee-leeg kii taraf say gokulam kiralah kay saath muahidah karnay kay liye hindustan chalay gayey. inhon nay 9 dasambar 2017 kuu neroka kay khalaaf kalb kay liye apnaa aaghaz kiyaa. inhon nay sharoo kiyaa aur sarf pehley haaf mein khaila iss say pehley kahh wah zeer shakast rahay keunkah gokulam kiralah kuu 3-0 say shakast hoyee.

fffd3437c5ae01c00307dcd3aa92d15cd916519cbdcffbec7d479ac7699c4108

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23421292

Country Club at Wakefield Plantation

Country Club at Wakefield Plantation Private golf club in Raleigh, North Carolina The Country Club at Wakefield Plantation is a private golf club located within the planned community of Wakefield Plantation in Raleigh, North Carolina. Formerly named TPC Wakefield Plantation as a member of the Tournament Players Club network operated by the PGA Tour, it was purchased by McConnell Golf in 2011. The Hale Irwin designed championship golf course, built adjacent to Falls Lake, opened in 2000. It is accompanied by a par 33, 9-hole course. The Country Club at Wakefield Plantation is the home of the Rex Hospital Open, formerly the SAS Carolina Classic, a tournament on the second tier Web.com Tour. Sports Club. The Country Club at Wakefield Plantation Sports Club offers three swimming pools: an eight-lane Olympic-style pool, a recreational pool with water slide and a "kiddie" pool, eight state-of-the-art hydro-clay tennis courts, children's playground, 9-hole practice golf course, casual bar & grill, fitness center, locker rooms and showers, covered outdoor party area, and shade pavilion. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

wakefield planesionot country club wakefield planesionor country club hoise uttor kerulinar railet wakefield planesionor porikolpito xomprodayor bhitorot owosthito etaa byoktigoto golf club. purbote pga tyuror dwara porisalito protijugita players club networkor xodosyo hisape ti. pi. chi. wakefield plantation naam diya hoisil, iyak 2011 sonot mcconnell golfe kroy korisil. hell aaruinor design koraa championswip golf korcho, fols hrodor kaxot nirman koraa hoisil, 2000 sonot mukoli koraa hoisil. iyar xoite etaa paar 33,9-hul korcho aase. wakefield plantationor country clubtu hoise rax sikitsaloy mukolir ghor, purbote chaas kerulina classic, dwitiyo storor webot ekhon protijugita.komm bhromon. krira club. wakefield plantation spo "rtos clubber country clube tinita suiming pull prodan koreh etaa aath lenor olympic-xoilir pull, waatar slide aaru etaa" kiddy "pulor xoite etaa binudonmulok pull, aathta otyadhunik hydro"-kle tenis koo "rt, xixur khelpothar, 9-hul practix golf koo" rcho, kejuwel baar endo grill, fitness center, lokar rum aaru xawar, aawora baahiror party eleka, aaru swead pavillion.

wakefield plantatione country club wakfield plantationer country club holl uttor caroliner rallete wakfield plantationer porikolpito sampradayer modhye abosthito ekti besarkari golph club. pga tour dwara porichalito turnament players club networker sadasya hisabe purbe naam deoa tpc wakefield plantation, etty 2011 saale maconnell golph dwara kenaa hoyechilo. hell arouin naksha koraa championship golph course, jaa jolopropat hrod sanglagna nirmito, 2000 saale khola hoy. etty ekti 33,9-gorto courser saathe royeche. wakefield plantationer country clubti rakes hospital open-err abashsthol, jaa purbe shasha carolina classic chhilo, jaa dwitiya storer oyebe ekti turnament.qama tour. sportasa club. wakefield plantation sportasa cluber country club tinti suiming pull pradan koreh ekti aatt-lener olympic-shailir pull, watter slide soho ekti binodonmulok pull ebong ekti "kiddy" pull, atti atyadhunik hydro-clay tennis court, shishuder khelar maatth, 9-hole anushilan golph course, casual barr ebong grill, fitness center, locker room ebong jhorona, achchadito bahirangan party elaka ebong chhaya pavillion.

wakefield vaavetar khaate country club wakefield plantation khaateni country club aek khangi golph club chhe jeey uttar keroleena relemaa wakefield plantation aayojit samudayma stheet chhe. agau pii. jee. aee. pravaas dwara sanchaalit tournament players club networkna sabhy tareeke tii. pii. see. wakefield plantation naam aapvama aavyu hatoo, tene 2011 maan mcconnell golph dwara khareedvama aavyu hatoo. hail irvin design karel championship golph course, jeey dhodh talaavni bajuma bandhvama aavyo hato, teey 2000maan kholvaamaa aavyo hato. tenee saathe 33,9-chhidrano course chhe. wakefield plantation khaateni country club aee racks hospital opannu ghar chhe, jeey agau saas kerolina classic hatee, jeey beeja starnee web parnee aek tournament hatee.qoma pravaas. sports club. wakefield plantation sports club khaateni country club trana swimming pull ofara karey chheh aath lenano olympic-shaileeno pool, water slide aneey "kiddy" pool saatheno manoranjak pool, aath atyadhunik hydro-clay tennis court, baadakonu ramatnu medaan, 9-holl practices golph course, casual baar aneey greel, fitness center, locker room aneey fuvaaro, aavari levaayel outdoor party vistaar aneey shade peveliyan.

wakefield bagan mein country club wakefield bagan mein country club ack niji golf club haye joe uttari carolina key raile mein wakefield bagan key niyojit samudaay key bheetar sthit haye. pee. jee. aeye. tour dwara sanchaalit tournament khilaadiyon key club network key sadasya key roop mein pahale tii. pee. see. wakefield vrikshaaropan naam diyaa gayaa thaa, ise 2011 mein maconnell golf dwara kharida gayaa thaa. hell irvin ney championship golf course taiyar kiya, joe fauls jheel key buggle mein banaaya gayaa thaa, jise 2000 mein khola gayaa thaa. isake saath ack 33,9-chhed vaalaa course haye. wakefield bagan mein country club rakes aspatal open kaa ghar haye, joe pahale saas carolina classic thaa, joe dusare star key web parr ack tournament haye.comm tour. sports club. wakefield bagan khel club mein country club teen swimming pool pradaan kartaa haih ack aathh-laine olympic-shally kaa pool, watter slide key saath ack manoranjak pool aur ack "kiddy" pool, aathh atyaadhunik hydro-clay tennis court, bachchon kaa khel kaa maidan, 9-holl abhyaas golf course, casual baar aur grill, fitness center, locker room aur shower, cover outdoor party kshetra, aur shade pavelian.

wakefield totadalli kantri club wakefield totadalliruva kantri club uttara kerolinada raaleenalliruva wakefield totada yojita samudaayadolage nelegondiruva khasagi galph club aagide. pii. zii. aa. pravasadinda nirvahisalpaduva pandyavaliya players club networkn sadasyaraagi ee hinde tpc wakefield plantation endu hesarisalpatta idannu 2011 ralli mcconnell galph khareedisitu. falls sarovarada pakkadalli nirmisalaada haal irvin vinyaasagolisida championship galph course annu 2000 ralli tereyalaayitu. idu paar 33,9-hole course annu hondide. wakefield totadalliruva kantri club rex hospital opange neleyagide, hinde saas carolina classic, idu eradane hantada webnalli pandyaavaliyaagide.com pravaasa. creeda club. wakefield totada creeda klabnalliruva kantri club mooru eejukolagalannu odagisuttadeh entu pathagala olympic sailiya pool, water slide mattu "kiddy" poolnondige manaranjana pool, entu atyaadhunika hydro-clay tennis kortgalu, makkala aatada maidaana, 9-hole abhyasa galph course, casual baar mattu grill, fitness center, locker kotadigalu mattu shavargalu, muchchida horaangana party pradesha mattu neralu pavillion.

wakefield plaanteshanile kantri club vadakkan karolinayile raliyile wakefield plaanteshan aasootritha samoohathinullil sthithi cheiyunna oru swakaarya goalf klabbaanu wakefield plaanteshanile kantri club. pii. jii. eiii touur nadathunna toornament pleyezhs club nettvarkkile amgamenna nilayil munbu tpc wakefield plaanteshan ennu perittirunna ithu 2011 ll mcconnell goalf vaangi. 2000ll thuranna falls thadaakathodu chernnu nirmmicha hayle irvin roopakalppana cheytha chaambyanshippu goalf kozhs, paar 33,9-hole kozhsinoppamaanu. wakefield plaanteshanile kantri klabbaanu rex hospital ooppan, munbu saas carolina classic, randaam nira webile oru toornament.coom touur. sports club. wakefield plaatteshan sports klabbile kantri club moonnu neenthalkkulangal vaagdaanam cheiyunnu ettu varii olimbiku shailiyilulla kulam, vaattar slide "kiddy" poolum ulla oru vinoda kulam, ettu athyaadhunika hydro-clay tennies courtukal, kuttikalude kalisthalam, 9-hole practies goalf kozhs, kashwal baar & grill, phitnas sentar, locker roomukalum shavarukalum, covered outtdoor party eriya, shade pavaliyan.

wakefield plantationmadhil country club wakefield plantation yetheel country club haah eka khajgi golph club aahe joou uttar carolinatil ralley yetheel wakefield plantationchya niyojit samudayamadhye sthit aahe. pii. jee. aii. dauyamarfat chalavalya jaananya spardhetil kheladunchya club networkcha sadasya mhanoon purvi tii. pii. see. wakefield plantation asey naav denyat aale hote, too 2011 madhye mcconnell golfane vikat ghetala hota. hail irvinne tayar kelela championship golph course, fauls talawala lagoon bandhala gela, joou 2000 saalee ughadala gela. tyachyasobat 33,9-chhidrancha course aahe. wakefield plantation yetheel country club heey rakes hospital opanche ghar aahe, purvi saas carolina classic, hii dusya staravaril webwaril spardha hotee.com tour. sports club. wakefield plantation sports klabmadhil country klabmadhye teen jaltaran talav aaheth aath padari olympic-shailicha talav, watter slide aanee 'kiddy' pool asalela eka manoranjak talav, aath atyadhunik hydro-clay tennis court, mulanche kridangan, 9-hole sarav golph course, casual baar aanee grill, fitness center, locker room aanee shower, aachchhadit maidani party kshetra aanee shade pavillion.

wakefield plantationma contry club wakefield plantationma raheko contry club euta niji galf club how june uttari carolinako relema wakefield plantationko niyojit samudayabhitra awasthit chha. pijie turdwara sanchalit turnament players club networkko sadasyako rupma pahile tipisi wakefield plantation naam diieko thiyo, yo 2011 maa maconnell galfadwara kharid garieko thiyo. hayle irwinle design gareko championship galf course, fals talko chheuma nirman garieko, 2000 maa kholieko thiyo. yo parr 33,9-hole courseko sathama chha. wakefield plantationma raheko contry club rakes aspatal opanko ghar how, pahile sas carolina classic, dosro starko webma ek pratiyogita.cum bhraman. khelkud club. wakefield plantation sports clubko contry cluble tinwata swimming pulharu pradan gardachhah atha lenko olympic-shailiko pull, water slide rar "kiddy" pulko sath ek manoranjanatmak pull, atha atyadhunik hydro-clay tennis courtharu, balbalikako khel maidan, 9-hole abhyas golf course, casual barr rar grill, fitness centre, lakar kotha rar snan, dhakieko bahiri party khetra, rar chhaya pawelian.

wakefield plantationre contry club wakefield plantationre thiba contry club heuchhi eka gharoi galph club jaahaa uttara carolinara relere wakefield plantationer jojanabaddha sampradai madhyare abasthita . purbaru pga tour dwara parichalita turnament players club netawarkara sadasya bhabare tpc wakefield plantation naamare namit, ehaaku 2011 ray mcconnell galph dwara kinajaithila . hayle irawina design karithiba championship galph course, jaahaa falls hrada nikatare nirmita, 2000 ray kholajaithila. ehaa eka paar 33,9-hole course sahita achhi . wakefield planatesanare thiba contry club rex hospital openra ghara, purbaru sas carolina classic, dwiteeja starar webre eka turnament .comm gasta. krida club. wakefield plantation sports clubrey thiba contry club tinoti suiming pool pradan karithaeh eka aatha lenra alympic saileera pool, water slide ebong eka "kidi" pool sahita eka manoranjan pool, athati atyadhunika hydro-clay tennis court, shishu khela padia, 9-hole abhyasa galph course, casual baar ebong grill, fitness centre, locker room ebong shawara, aachadita outdoor party anchala, ebong shade pavilian .

wakefield plantation vikhe contry club wakefield plantation vikhe contry club ikk private golf club haii joe uttri carolina dey raile witch wakefield plantation dey yojnabadh bhaichare dey ander sathit haii. pahilan pee. jee. aii. tour duaara sanchalit tournament players club network dey member vajon tii. pee. see. wakefield plantation daa naam ditta giaa see, iss noon 2011 witch maconnell golf duaara kharidiaa giaa see. hail irvin neey championship golf course tiaar keeta, joe falls jheel dey naal baniaa haii, joe 2000 witch kholhiaa giaa see. iss dey naal ikk 33,9-hole course haii. wakefield plantation vikhe contry club rakes hospital open daa gharr haii, joe pahilan saas carolina classic see, joe dooje padhri web utte ikk tournament see.com tour. sports club wakefield plantation sports club vikhe contry club tinn swimming pool pesh karda haiyav ikk atth-laine olympic-shaili daa pool, water slide atey ikk "kiddi" pool vaala ikk manoranjak pool, atth atie-aadhunik hydro-clay tennis court, bacchiaan daa khed daa maidaan, 9-hole abhiaas golf course, casual baar atey grill, tandrusti kendra, locker room atey shawar, covered outdoor party khetar, atey shadd pavelian.

wakefield-plantation ityatra contry-club wakefield-platation-ityatra sthitah contry-club iti ekaha nijee-golf-club asti, yah uttar-kerolina-rajyasya rele-nagare wakefield-platation-ityasya niyojita-samudaayasy antah sthitah asti. pee. jee. e. pravasena sanchaalite tournament-players-club-jaalasy sadasyatvena poorvam tea. pee. see. wakefield-plantation iti namna namankitam, 2011 tame varshe makkonnel-golf ityanena kreenitam. hell irvin ityanena nirmitah championship-golf-kridaanganam, jalaprapata-sarovarasya sameepe nirmitah, 2000 tame varshe udghaatitah, tatt 33,9-chhidrayuktena kridaangane saha asti. wakefield-platation-ityatra contry-club ityatra rakes-chikitsaalayasy open-ityasya gruham asti, yat poorvam saas-carolina-classic iti aasit, yat dwiteeya-starasya jaalasy spardhayam bhavati.com-paryatanam. creedaa-sanghah. wakefield-plantation-creedaa-club-madhye contry-club-samsthaayaam treeni swimming-pool-samsthah santi-ashta-lenn-olympic-shailyaah pool, water-slad-yuktah manoranjana-pool, "kiddy" pool, ashta-atyaadhunikah hadro-kle-tennis-court, balanam kridaanganam, 9-hole-abhyasa-golf-kors, kejuyal-baar-end-grill, fitness-center, laakar-room-shavar, aacchaaditam bahihi-party-kshetram, chaayaa-pevelian cha.

wakefield thoattaththil ulla naattu kilap wakefield thoattaththil ulla naattu kilap enbathu vadakku carolinavin relaeyil ulla wakefield thoattaththin thittamidappatta samoogaththirkul amainthulla oru thaniyar goalf kilap aagum. munbu ppc wakefield thoattamaaga peyaridappatta pga suttruppayanatthaal iyakkappadum poatti veerargal kilap netvorkin uruppinaraaga, idhu 2011 aam aandil mccannell goalf niruvanatthaal vaangkappattathu. 2000 aam aandil thirakkapatta neerveelchchi aeriyai otiyulla hael irvin vadivamaikappatta saambiyanship goalf maithaanam, idhu oru paarr 33,9-thulai maithaanam kondullathu. wakefield thoattaththil ulla naattu kilap rex maruthuvamanaiyin thirantha idamaagum, munbu chaas carolina classic, idhu irandaavathu adukku valaiyil oru poattiyaagum.kaam suttruppayanam. vilayaattu kilap. wakefield thoatta vilayaattu kilappil ulla naattu kilap moontru neechal kulangalai vazhangkukirathu ettu vazhi olympic paani neechal kulam, neer slide mattrum oru "kitty" kulam konda oru pozhuthupoakku kulam, ettu athinaveena hydroo-clay dennis maithaanangkal, kuzhandhaigal vilayaattu maithaanam, 9-thulai payirchi goalf maithaanam, saathaarana paarr & kiril, udarpayirchi maiyam, locker araikal mattrum kuliyal, moodappatta velippura virunththu pakuthi mattrum nizhal bevillion.

wakefield plantation vadda country club wakefield plantation vadda unna country club anedi uttara karolinaloni raaleelo wakefield plantation yokka pranaalikaabaddhamaina communitylo unna oka private golph club. gatamlo pga tour dwara nirvahinchabadutunna tornament players club networklo sabhyudiga tpc wakefield plantation anie paeru pettabadindi, dheenini 2011loe makkannel golph konugolu chesindi. falls sarassu prakkane nirminchina haall irvin roopondinchina championship golph course 2000loe praarambhinchabadindi. dheenitho paatu paar 33,9-hole course kooda undhi. wakefield plantationloni country club rex hospital openku nilayam, gatamlo saas carolina classic, rendava shreni weblo oka tornament.com tour. sports club. wakefield plantation sports klablooni country club moodu eetha kolanulanu andistundihi enimidi-laenla olympic-shaili pool, water slide mariyu "kiddy" pool thoo kuudina vinoda pool, enimidi atyaadhunika hydro-clay tennis kortulu, pillala aata sthalam, 9-hole practies golph course, saadhaarana baar & grill, fitness center, locker gadulu mariyu shavarlu, covered avtdor party praantam mariyu shade pevillion.

veek feld plantation mein kantri kalb veek feld plantation mein kantri kalb eek najee golf kalb hay juu shamali carolina kay reeli mein veek feld plantation kii mansubah bund community kay andar waaqa hay. pee jee aey torr kay zeer intezam tornament players kalb neet wark kay rakan kay toor parr pehley tye pee see veek feld plantation kaa naam diyaa gayaa thaa asay 2011 mein meek konal golf nay kharida thaa. hail aroon nay champine ship golf kors design kiyaa juu faalz leek say mutsil banaya gayaa thaa juu 2000 mein khola gayaa thaa. iss kay saath eek paar 33yee 9 surakh kors hay. veek feld plantation mein kantri kalb reks hospital open kaa gahar hay juu pehley saas carolina classic thaa juu dosray darjay kay waib parr eek tornament hay.kaam torr. sports kalb. veek feld plantation sports kalb mein kantri kalb teen swiming poul paish kartaa hay: eek aath leane olympic tarz kaa poul waater slide aur "cuddy" poul kay saath eek tafrihi poul aath jadeed tareen hydro klee tense court bachon kaa kheel kaa medaan 9 surakhon kaa practs golf course casual baar aur garal fittens center locker romaz aur shawar aaot door paarti airiya aur sheed povilin.

fffd365042d817b9a91f6369f8bc74182300a2f298384b73c1c801c8a188606d

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5543466

Lissone

Lissone Lissone () is a town and (municipality) in the province of Monza and Brianza, Lombardy, Italy. It lies north of Milan. Lissone is bounded by the municipality of Vedano al Lambro, Monza, Muggiò, Desio, Seregno, Albiate, Sovico, Macherio and Biassono. The city is served by the SS36- Highway of Lake of Como and Spluga and by the Milan–Chiasso railway line. Lissone received the honorary title of city by a presidential decree on November 27, 1982. Lissone is served by Lissone-Muggiò railway station. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

lison lison () hoise italyr lombardir monja aaru bryanza prodexor ekhon sohor aaru (pouroxobha). ee milanor uttore owosthito. lisun vedanu aal lambro ", monja, mogojiu, desio", seregnu, albiate, subhiku, maserio "aaru bayaxunu pouroxobhar dwara ximabodho. sohorkhonot ess. ess. 36-kumu aaru spluga hrodor ghaipoth aaru milan-siyasu railpothor dwara xewa aagborhuwa hoy. 1982 sonor 27 novemborot rastropotir ek aadexor joriyote lisone nogoror xonmaniyo upadhi laabh korisil. lison-mogiyo 'rail stationor dwara lison xewa aagborhai.

lisson lisson () italir lombardir manja oo bryanza prodesher ekti shohor oo pourosobha. etty milan shohorer uttore abosthito. lisson vedano all lumbro, manja, mogjio, decio, seregno, albiate, soviko, macherio ebong biasono pourosobha dwara beshtito. shaharti esha. esha. 36-como ebong spluga hroder mahasadak ebong milan-chiaso railpoth dwara poribeshon koraa hoy. 1982 saaler 27shhey navembar rashtropotir ekti adesher madhyome lisson shohorer sommansuchok upadhi laav corren. lisson-mogjio rail steshana dwara lisson porisheba pradan koraa hoy.

lisson lisson () aee italyna monza aneey brianza praantmaa aavelu aek nagar aneey (nagarpalika) chhe. teey meelanni uttare aavelu chhe. lisson vedaano all lambro, monza, magiyo, desio, seregno, albite, soviko, maachereeo aneey bayasononi nagarpalikathi gheraayelu chhe. aaa shaherne aesa. aesa. 36-komo aneey splugana talaavno dhorimaarg aneey milan-chiaso railway line dwara sevaa aapvama aave chhe. 27 november, 1982naa roj rashtrapatina hukamnaamaa dwara lisone shahernu maanad birud melavyu hatoo. leesonne lisson-mageeyo railway station dwara sevaa aapvama aave chhe.

lisson lisson () itali key monja aur brianza praant mein ack shahar aur (nagarpalika) haye. yeh milan key uttar mein sthit haye. lisson vedano all lambro, monja, mugio, decio, seregno, albite, soviko, matcherio aur biasono kii nagarpalika seey ghiraa huaa haye. shahar koo como aur spluga jheel key aiss. aiss. 36-rajmarg aur milan-chiaso railway line dwara seva pradaan kii jaati haye. lisson koo 27 navambar, 1982 koo rashtrapati key adesh dwara shahar kaa maanad khitaab milaa. lisson-mugi railway station dwara lisson seva pradaan kii jaati haye.

lisone lisone () embudu italiya lombardy monja mattu brianza praantyadalliruva ondu pattana mattu (purasabheyagide). idu milan uttaradallide. lisone vedano all lambro, monja, muggio, decio, seregno, albiate, soviko, machirio mattu biasono purasabheyinda suttuvaredide. ee nagarakke nagarakke mattu spluga sarovarada heddaari mattu milan-chiaso railu maargagalu seve sallisuttave. 1982rahra november november adhyakshiya aadeshada moolaka lisone nagarada gaurava prashastiyannu padedaru. lisone-maggio railu nildaanavu lisonge seve sallisuttade.

lisoon italiyile lombardyile moonsa aandu bryanza pravishyayile oru pattanavum (munisippaalittiyum) aanu lisoon (). milan nagarathinu vadakkaayittaanu ithu sthithi cheiyunnathu. vedano alle lambro, moonsa, maggio, desio, seregno, aalbiyett, soviako, macherio, biasono ennee munisippaalittikalaan lisoninte athirthikal. ss 36-coomoo thadaakathinteyum splugayude highway milan-chiaso railway line nagaratthe sevikkunnu. 1982 november 27 nuu president utharaviloode lizone nagaratthinte oonarari padavi labhichu. lisoon-maggio railway steshanaanu lisonil sevanam nalkunnathu.

lisson lisson () heey italichya monza aanee brianza prantatil eka shahar aanee (nagarpalika) aahe. heey milanchya uttarela aahe. lisonla vedano all lambro, monza, mugio, decio, seregno, albite, soviko, matcherio aanee biasono yaa nagarpalikanni vedhale aahe. ess. ess. 36-komo aanee spluga talavacha mahamarg aanee milan-chiaso railway marg yaa shaharala seva puravato. 27 november 1982 roji rashtrapatinchya aadeshadvare lisonla shaharachi manad padvi midali. lisson-maggio railway sthanak lisonla seva dete.

lison lison () italyko monja rar branza prantako euta sahar rar (nagarpalika) how. yo milanko uttarma awasthit chha. lison bhedano all lambro, monja, mugio, decio, seregno, albiate, sobhiko, macherio rar biasonoko nagarpalikale gherieko chha. saharlai ss 36-komo rar splugako talko rajmarg rar milan-chiyaso railway linedwara sewa pradan garinchha. lisonle november 27,1982 maa rashtrapatiko adeshdwara saharko manartha upadhi prapta gare. lisonlai lison-maggiyo railway stationdwara sewa pradan garinchha.

lisson lisson () heuchhi italyra lombardy rajyara monza ebong brinza pradeshar eka sahara ebong (municipality). ehaa milanra uttarare abasthita. lisson bhedano all lambro, monza, mugio, decio, seregno, albiot, sobhiko, macherio ebong biasono pourapalika dwara paribestita . ehi saharaku ess. ess. 36-como ebong spluga hradara rajpath ebong milan-chiaso rela line dwara seba pradan karajae . 1982 masiha navember 27 tarikhare rastrapatinka eka adesh dwara lisson saharar sammanajanaka upadhi paithile. lisson-magio rela station dwara lisson seba pradan karajaithae.

lisone lisone () itali dey monza atey bryanza soobe witch ikk shehar atey (municipality) haii. ih milan dey uttar witch sathit haii. lisone vedano all lambro, monza, magjio, decio, seregno, albiet, soviko, matchio atey bisono dee municipality naal ghiriaa hoiaa haii. shehar noon como atey sapluga jheel dey dey atey milan-chiaso railway line duaara seva pardan keeti jaandi haii. lisone noon 27 navambar, 1982 noon rashtarpati dey ferman duaara shehar daa aanreri khitaab miliaa. lisone-maggio railway station duaara lisone dee seva keeti jaandi haii.

lisson lisson () iti italeedeshasy lombardy-nagarasya monza-brianza-prantasya nagaram, nagarapalika cha asti. ayam milan-nagarasya uttardishi sthitah asti. lisson-nagaram vedaano-all-lambro, monza, muggiyo, decio, seregno, albiyet, soviko, maacheriyo, baayaasono ityetaih nagarapaalikaih pariveshtitam asti. asya nagare komo-splugaa-sarovarasya ess. ess. 36-rajamargaha, milan-chiyaaso-relmaargah cha vidyante. 1982 tame varshe november-masasya 27 dinaanke rashtrapatina adeshena lisson-varyaha nagarasya sammaan-upaadhim praptavan. lisson-maggiyo-relasthanakam lisson-relasthanakam sevaam karoti.

lisone lisone (lissone) enbathu itaaliyin lombardiyil ulla monsa mattrum bryansa maagaanaththil ulla oru nagaram mattrum (nagaraatchi) aagum. idhu milanukku vadakkae amainthullathu. lisone vedano all lambro, monsa, mukio, decio, seregno, albiate, soviko, macerio mattrum biasono aagiya nagaraatchigalaal soozhappattullathu. inththa nagaraththirku ss 36-coomoo mattrum spluca aeriyin nedunjaalai mattrum milan-siaso rayil paathai moolam saevai seiyappadugirathu. navambar 27,1982 andru janathipathi aanai moolam lisone nagaraththin kavurava pattaththaip pettraar. lisone-mukio rayil nilaiyam lisonuku saevai seikirathu.

lisone lisone () italeelooni lombardyloni monja mariyu brianza provinceloni oka pattanam mariyu (municipality). idhi milanku uttaraana undhi. lisone vedano all lambro, monja, muggio, decio, seregno, albiate, soviko, macherio mariyu biasono munisipaalitiitoe sarihaddulugaa undhi. eee nagaraniki nagaraniki mariyu spluga sarassu rahadari mariyu milan-chiaso railway line sevalu andistunnaayi. 1982 november 27naa adhyakshudi uttarvu dwara lisone nagara gourava birudunu andukunnaru. lisone-maggio railway station dwara lisone sevalu andinchabadutundi.

leson leson () monza aur brienza lombardy atlee kay soobay mein eek qasbah aur (baldiyah) hay. yaha milan kay shamaal mein waaqa hay. leson vaidano ill lambro monza maggio ddisio seregno albite soviko maachrio aur biasono kii baldiyah say gharaa hawaa hay. shehar kuu komo aur supploga kii jheel kii aiss aiss 36-hayee way aur milan-cheeso railway line kay zariye khadmat farahim kii jaati hay. 27 nomber 1982 kuu sadarati farmaan kay zariye leson kuu shehar kaa aizazi khataab milaa. leson kuu leson-magyo railway station say khidmaat farahim kii jaati haine.

fffd3b53e99f596f6718105311204f206d4483582ab17e406d9a1ebc3137d3ff

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51320641

Parke Lake (Independence Township, Michigan)

Parke Lake (Independence Township, Michigan) Lake in the state of Michigan, United States Parke Lake is a lake at an elevation of , located in Clarkston within Independence Township in Oakland County, Michigan, USA. Dollar Lake connects downstream with the Middle Lake. Fish. Parke Lake fish include bass and bluegill. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

parke hrod (swadhinota nogor, mixigan) parke hrod hoise aamerika juktorastror mixiganor ookland countyr swadhinota nogoror bhitorot clerkstonot owosthito etaa hrod. dollar hrode 23 ekor elekar modhyo hrodtur xoite xongzug kore. maach. parke hrodor maasor bhitorot aase bes aaru bluegil.

park hrod (independence township, mishigan) park hrod holl markin juktorashtrer mishigan rajyer oakland kauntir swadhinota jonopod clerkstone abosthito ekti hrod. dollar hrod 23 ekorer modhyoborti hroder saathe sangjog sthapon korey. machh. park leker machher modhye royeche bases ebong bluegil.

paark leeka (independence township, mishigan) paark leeka aee ockland kaauntii, mishigan, yuu. aesa. maan svatantrataa townshipma clarkstonma stheet aek talaav chhe. dollar talaav 23 aekarnaa madhya talaav saathe vahenne jode chhe. maachhali. paark leeka maachhalima baas aneey bluegilno samaavesh thaay chhe.

park jheel (independence township, mishigan) park jheel ack jheel haye joe oakland county, mishigan, sanyukt raajya america mein swatantrata basti key bheetar clarkston mein sthit haye. dollar jheel 23 ekad kii madhya jheel key saath neeche kii or judati haye. machhali. park jheel kii machhliyon mein baas aur bluegil shamil hain.

park sarovara (independence township, mitchigan) park sarovaravu americada mishiganna okland kountiya swatantryada pattanadalliruva clarkstennalliruva ondu sarovaravagide. dollar sarovaravu 23 ekare madhyada sarovaradondige kelamukhavaagi samparkisuttade. meenu. park sarovarada minugalalli baas mattu bluegil serive.

parke talav (independance township, mishigan) park lake haah amerikechya mishigan rajyatil oakland countymadhil swatantrya upnagaratil clarkston yethe sthit eka talav aahe. dollar talav khalchya dishene 23 ekarchya madhalya talawala jodato. maase. park lekchya mashanmadhye baas aanee bluegil yancha samavesh hoto.

park taal (swatantrata basti, mishigan) park taal okland county, mishigan, sanyukta rajya americako swatantrata basti bhitra clarkstonma awasthit ek uchaima raheko taal how. dollar talle 23 ekadko madhya talsanga taltira jodchha. machha. park taal machhama bass rar bluegil samawesh chhan.

parkey hrada (swadheenata tounship, mishigan) parkey hrada heuchhi eka hrada, jaahaa americara mishiganra oakland kauntira swadheenata tounship madhyare clarkstonre abasthita. dollar hrada 23 ekrar madhyabarti hrada sahita nimnamukhi sanjoga kare . maacha. park hrada maacha madhyare baasa ebong bluegil antarbhukta .

parke jheel (sutantarta township, mishigan) park jheel ikk jheel haii joe ockland kaoonti, mishigan, amrica witch sutantarta township dey ander clarkston witch sathit haii. dallar jheel 23 ekad dee maddh jheel naal judadi haii. machhi. park jheel deeaan machhiaan witch baas atey bluegil shamal hunn.

paarke-sarovarah (swatantrataagruhah, mishigan) paark-sarovarah amerikaadeshasy mishigaan-rajyasya oklend-kauntee-nagarasya swatantra-nagarasya antah clarkston-nagare sthitah, uttarottarasthh sarovarah asti. daalar-sarovarah 23 ekar-madhyaah sarovarena saha adhahbhaage samyojayati. matsyam. paark-leck-matsyeshu baas, bluegil cha santi.

paark aeri (sudhanthira nagariyam, michikan) paark aeri enbathu americavin michikanil ulla ooklaend kavundiyil ulla sudhanthira nagariyaththirkul clarkstonil amainthulla oru aeri aagum. dollar aeri 23 aekkar naduththara aeriyudan inaikkirathu. meane. paark aeri meengalil baas mattrum neelak kandru adangkum.

park sarassu (independence township, michigaon) park sarassu anedi americaloni michigaanlooni oklaand kounteelooni independence townshiplooni clarkstonlo unna oka sarassu. dollar sarassu diguvaku 23 ekaraala madhya sarassutho kaluputundi. chepalu. park sarassu chepalalo baas mariyu bluegil unnaayi.

paark jheel (independence town ship mashee gunn) parkay jheel eek jheel hay juu ockland county mashee gunn america mein aazadi kii bastee kay andar clarkston mein waaqa hay. ddaalar jheel 23 aikad kii darmiyani jheel say bahao say jodti hay. machli. paark leek machli mein baas aur blue gull shaamil haine.

fffd3eb4f67bc0ea0bd2746b0814687a2c4075babc3189ee31f655089066c1db

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58102039

Philippine Children's Medical Center

Philippine Children's Medical Center The Philippine Children's Medical Center is a government-run children's hospital in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines. The hospital as a government-owned and controlled corporation is attached to the Department of Health. History. The Philippine Children's Medical Center was established as the Lungsod ng Kabataan (LNK; 'Children's City') on August 10, 1979, through Presidential Decree No. 1631 issued by President Ferdinand Marcos. The decree was issued during International Year of the Child. The Lungsod ng Kabataan would be inaugurated on April 29, 1980, in a ceremony attended by Princess Margaret of the United Kingdom. On June 23, 1980, under the Ministry of Human Settlements, led by First Lady Imelda Marcos, the hospital became operational. The hospital adopted its current name on January 12, 1987, during the administration of President Corazon Aquino through Memorandum Order No. 2. PCMC began with 47 active medical staff composed of recognized pediatricians and pediatric surgeons who pioneered the 4 clinical services initially offered, to wit: Ambulatory, In-Patient Care, Surgery, and Critical Care. At about the same time, the Department of Laboratories and the Physical Rehabilitation Unit were also established and became fully operational. From 1983 to 1985, PCMC expanded its activities in patient care services, Residency and Fellowship training, and in continuing medical education. Improvement in physical infrastructure and the creation of more service components became the focus toward the late 1980s. Pediatric subspecialties such as Neonatology, Pulmonology, Nephrology, Cardiology, Hematology, and Allergology under the Department of Pediatric Medicine, as well as Anesthesia under the Department of Pediatric Surgery were subsequently established. In line with the PCMC vision to be the premier Pediatric Center of the country, the Child Neuroscience Department, the Center for Developmental Intervention, Perinatology Department and Research Department were likewise created. With its goal of strengthening the tertiary care facilities of the institution, Pediatric Dentistry, and Child Psychiatry were formed in 1989. Throughout the 1990s, PCMC continued to improve its operations. Various innovative activities under the Committee of Primary Preventive and Promotive Programs were organized. Institutional highlights during the turn of the century introduced new Fellowship Training Programs such as Pediatric Radiology and Pediatric Gynecology. Under the leadership of Dr. Julius Almario Lecciones who has been executive director since 2006, the PCMC has maintained Level IV training hospital accreditation, with an authorized 212-bed capacity, serving patients from newborn to 19 years old, as well as high-risk pregnant women. Facilities and services. The Philippine Children's Medical Center has a 200–300 bed capacity. It is a specialty center catering to people 19 years of age and below as well as high-risk pregnant women. The institution specializes in pediatric care and research. The PCMC host the largest ICU for children in the Philippines. It has the biggest neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) that is integral to the Perinatal Care and Neonatology Center. Its Child Neurology and Neurosurgery Service Program is inclusive of a neurodevelopment center. It has a pediatric rehabilitation facility and a pediatric multi-specialty for inpatients, as well as for clinic service to out-patients and referrals. Among these are the Cancer and Hematology Center; Adolescent Center (Teen Republic); Pediatric Lung, Heart, Kidney and Liver Center; Pediatric Critical Care Center, and; the Clinical Centers for General Pediatric Services and Surgical & Allied Medical Services, respectively. In July 2013, the newly constructed OPD building was finally opened to accommodate the increasing number of service patients being referred to PCMC for specialty care. PCMC also partnered with Rotary Club Makati West – Gift of Life, an international non-government organization, which give way for two open-heart surgery missions for service patients with congenital heart diseases. Later this year, it began its hospital-wide retrofitting, a strong infrastructure improvement. Administration. The Philippine Children's Medical Center is managed as a government-owned and operated corporation (GOCC) which is attached to the Department of Health. The hospital's government firm shares Board of Trustees with the other three specialty hospitals (Philippine Heart Center, Lung Center of the Philippines, and the National Kidney and Transplant Institute). This setup is pursuant to Executive Order No. 119 issued in 1987. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

philipinor xixu sikitsa kendro philipinor xixu sikitsa kendro hoise philipinesor metro 'manilar kiujon sohorot thoka sorkare porisalona koraa xixu sikitsaloy. sorkaror malikanadhin aaru niyontrito nigom hisape sikitsaloikhon swasthyo bibhagor xoite xongzukto. itihax. philipinor xixu sikitsa kendrotu 1979 sonor 10 aagostot rastropotir dikri nong. 1631 sonot rastropoti fardinand markche jaari korisil. xixur antohrastriyo bosorot ei dikri jaari koraa hoisil. 1980 sonor 29 aprilot juktorajyor rajkumari margarete ongxogrohon koraa ek onusthanot lungsod eno. ji. kabatan udwudhon koraa hoh 'bob. 1980 sonor 23 junot prothom mohila emelda markchor netritwot manob boxoti montraloyor odhinot sikitsaloikhon karjyokori hoisil. 1987 sonor 12 januaryt rastropoti kurajon ekuinur proxaxonor xomoyot sikitsaloikhone iyar bortomanor naamtu smarok potror joriyote grohon korisil. 2. pi. chi. em. chi.-ye 47 john xokriyo sikitsa kormosarir xoite aarombho korisil ji swikrito xixu sikitsok aaru xixu xolyosikitxokore gothito, jiye prothomote aagborhuwa 4 taa clinical xewar poth prodorxok aasil, jeneh ambulatory, inn-rugir jotno, ostrupsar, aaru gurutor jotno. pray eke xomoyote, porikhyagar bibhag aaru xaririk punorbaxon gutou sthapon koraa hoisil aaru xompurnorupe karjyokori hoi porisil. 1983 sonor poraa 1985 sonoloike pi. chi. em. chi.-ye rugir jotno xewa, residency aaru feloswip proxikhyon, aaru sikitsa xikhya obyahot rokhar khetrot iyar karzokolap xomproxaron korisil. bhoutik antohgathonir unnoti aaru odhik xewar upadan sristi 1980-ror doxokor xexor faale kendribhut hoisil. poroborti xomoyot xixu sikitsa sikitsa bibhagor odhinot neonatology, palmun "loji, nephro" loji, cardio "loji, hemat" loji, aaru elerge "lojir dore xixu sikitsa upo-bixexotwor logote xixu sikitsa ostrupsar bibhagor odhinot anaesthexia protistha koraa hoisil. dexor prodhan xixu sikitsa kendro hoh "boloi pi. chi. em. chi.-ror dristibhongir xoite xongoti raakhi xixu snayubigyan bibhag, unnoyonmulok hostokhyepor kendro, perinet" lojee bibhag aaru gowexona bibhagou sristi koraa hoisil. protisthantur tritiyo porzayor jotnor xubidhaxomuh xoktixali korar lokhyore 1989 sonot xixur dontosikitxa aaru xixu monusikitxa gothon koraa hoisil. 1990-ror doxokjuri pi. chi. em. chi-ye iyar karjyokolap unnot kori aasil. prathomik protirudhmulok aaru prosarmulok karzoxusir xomitir odhinot bibhinno udbhawonimulok karzokolapor aayujon koraa hoisil. xotikar aarombhonite protisthanik guruttopurno bixoixomuhe xixur readyo "lojee aaru xixur rugorugorugorugor dore notun feloswip proxikhyon karzoxusir proborton korisil. teur netritwot dodd. 2006 sonor poraa karzobahi xonsalok hoi thoka julias almario "lesio" ney joruwar poraa 19 bosor boyxoloike rugeexokolor logote uscho bipodaxongka thoka gorbhoboti mohilar xewa kori ek onumudit 212 xojyar khyomotar xoite soturtho storor proxikhyon sikitsaloyor swikriti bojai rakhise. xubidha aaru xewa. philipinor xixu sikitsa kendrotut 200-300 xojyar khyomota aase. ee 19 bosor aaru taar tolor boyoxor lukor logote uscho bipodaxongkar gorbhoboti mohilar baabe ek bixex kendro. protisthankhone xixu sikitsar jotno aaru gowexonar khetrot bixexogyo. pi. chi. em. chi.-too philipinor xixuxokolor baabe ataitkoi dangor aai. chi. eu. aase. iyat ataitkoi dangor nobojatok nibirh jotno gutt [niku] aase ji proxobkalin jotno aaru nobojatok bigyan kendror obischedyo ongo. iyar xixu snayutotwo aaru snayu ostrupsar xewa karzoxusi, zo 'too etaa snayu bikax kendro ontorbhukto. iyat xixu sikitsa punorbaxon xubidha aaru inpessitor baabe xixu sikitsa bohu-bixexotwor logote bahyik rugee aaru referralor baabe clinic xewar baabe aase. iyar bhitorot aase korkot rug aaru hemat "lojee kendro; kixur kendro (kixur gonorajyo); xixur haufau, hridjontro, brikko aaru jokrito kendro; xixur xomaluchonamulok jotno kendro, aaru; krome xadharon xixur xewa aaru ostrupsar aaru aanuxongik sikitsa xewar baabe clinical kendro. 2013 sonor julyte, bordhito xongkhyok xewa koraa rugeek bixex jotnor baabe pi. chi. em. chi.-loi pothiuwar baabe nobonirmito oh '. pi. di. bhowon owoxexot mukoli koraa hoisil. pi. chi. em. chi.-ye ror 'turry club makati west-gift owo life international naamor ek antohrastriyo besorkari xongsthar xoiteu ongxidaritwo korisil, jiye jonmogoto hridrugor rugee, jixokolor hridjontror ostrupsaror proyujon aasil, teulukor baabe dutaa mukto-hridjontror ostrupsar obhijanor poth prodan kore. ei bosoror xexor faale, ee iyar sikitsaloy-porixoror punor gothon aarombho korisil, bhowontu xoktixali koriboloi aaru xewa aagborhuwa grahokxokolor xurokhya xurokhito koriboloi ek antohgathonir unnoti. proxaxon. philipinor xixu sikitsa kendrotu sorkaror malikanadhin aaru porisalito nigom (go 'koo) hisape porisalona koraa hoy jitu swasthyo bibhagor xoite xongzukto. sikitsaloikhonor sorkari protisthane aan tinita bixex sikitsaloyor (philipine heart center, philipinor haufau kendro, aaru rastriyo brikko aaru proityarupon protisthan) xoite porixodor nyaxi bhag-botora kore. ei byowosthatu karzobahi aadex nong. 119 1987 sonot prokax paisil.

phillipiner shishuder chikitsa kendra phillipiner shishuder chikitsa kendra holl phillipiner metro maniller cusion shohore abosthito ekti sarkar porichalito shishu hospital. sarkari malikanadhin ebong niyantrita karporeshana hisabe hospitalty swastho bibhager saathe sangjukto. itihas. phillipiner shishuder chikitsa kendroti 1979 saaler 10ee august rashtrapati decree nong-err madhyome lungsad enji kabatan (lnke; 'shishuder shohor') hisabe protisthito hoyechilo. 1631 rashtrapati fardinand marcos dwara jaari koraa. shishu antorjatik bochore eyi adesh jaari koraa hoy. lungsad enji kabatan udwodhon koraa hobey 29shhey april, 1980 saale, juktorajyer rajkumari margareta uposthito ekti anusthane. 1980 saaler 23shhey june prothom mohila imelda marcoser netritte manob bosoti montroker adhine hospitalty chaalu hoy. 1987 saaler 12ee januari rashtrapati korajan aquinor proshashoner somoy hospitalty taar bortoman namti grohon korey. 2. pii. shee. emm. shee 47 john sakriya chikitsa karmi niye shuru hoyechilo, jaanra swikrito pediatrician ebong pediatrics sarjonder niye gothito chhilen, jaanra prathomikbhabe prodotto 4tii clinical porishebar pothprodorshok chhilen, jemonoh ambulatory, inn-rogee cair, sergery ebong critical cair. pray ekoi somoye, porikkhagar bibhag ebong sharirik punarbasana unito protisthito hoyechilo ebong sampurnarupe chaalu hoyechilo. 1983 theke 1985 saal porjonto pcmc rogee porichorja porisheba, basosthan oo fellowship proshikkhon ebong chikitsa shikkha abyahoto rakhar khettre taar karjokrom prosarito korey. 1980-err doshoker shesher dike bhouto porikathamor unnoti ebong arow porisheba upadan toirir dike mononibesh koraa hoyechilo. porobortikale pediatric sergery bibhager adhine neonatology, pulmonology, nephrology, cardiology, hematology ebong allergologyr moto pediatric subspecialty ebong pediatric sergery bibhager adhine anaesthesia protisthito hoy. desher prodhan shishu chikitsa kendra howar jonno pii. shee. emm. shee-rawr drishtibhongir sange samanjasya rekhe shishu snayubigyan bibhag, unnoyonmulok hostokkhep kendra, perinatology bibhag ebong gobeshona bibhago ekibhabe toiri koraa hoyechilo. 1989 saale protisthantir tritiya porjayer porichorja kendrogulike shaktishali korar lakkhye pediatric dentistry ebong shishu manorogbidya gathon koraa hoy. 1990-err doshok judey pcmc taar karjokromer unnoti abyahoto rakhe. prathomik protirodhmulok oo procharmulok karmasuchir komitir adhine bivinno udbhaboni karjokromer ayojan koraa hoyechilo. shatabdir shurute pratisthanik highliteguli pediatric radiology ebong pediatric gynaecologyr moto notun fellowship proshikkhon karmasuchi chaalu korey. taanr netritte daa. julius almario lessioness, jini 2006 saal theke nirbahi porichalok, pcmc ekti onumodito 212-shajya khomota soho choturtho storer proshikkhon hospitaler swikriti bojay rekheche, jaa nobojatok theke 19 bochor vayasi rogider pashapashi uchcho jhunkipurno gorbhoboti mohilader porisheba deyo. subidha oo porisheba. phillipiner shishuder chikitsa kendre 200-300 shajyar khomota royeche. etty 19 bochor ebong taar qama boyosider pashapashi uchcho jhunkipurno gorbhoboti mohilader jonno ekti bishesh kendra. protisthanti shishuroger jotno ebong gobeshonai biseshoggo. pii. shee. emm. shee phillipiner shishuder jonno brihottomo aaee. shee. eu hosta korey. ekhane sabcheye borh nobojatok nibid porichorja kendra [niku] royeche jaa prosobkalin porichorja ebong nobojatok bigyan kendrer abichcheddo ongsho. ekti snayu unnayan kendra soho err shishu snaybik oo snaybik sergery porisheba karmasuchi. ekhane ekti pediatric punarbasana subidha ebong inpacintder jonno ekti pediatric multy-specialty royeche, pashapashi bohiragoto rogider ebong referralder jonno clinic porisheba royeche. err modhye royeche cancer ebong hematology kendra; kishore kendra (kishore projatontro); pediatric fusfus, hritpindo, kidney ebong libhara kendra; pediatric critical cair center ebong; sadharan pediatric porisheba ebong astropachar oo somporkito chikitsa porishebar jonno jothakrome clinical kendra. 2013 saaler julai maase, bishesh jotner jonno pcmcte pathano porisheba rogider kromobordhoman sankhyake samanjasya korar jonno nobonirmito opd bhabanti abosheshe khola hoyechilo. pcmc rotari club makati oyesta-gift off life international naame ekti antorjatik besarkari sangosthar satheo angshidaritto koreche, jaa jonmogoto hridroge akranto rogider jonno duti open-heart sergery missioner poth toiri korey jaader cardiac surgery prayojan chhilo. eyi bochorer shesher dike, etty hospital-byapi punarnirman shuru korey, jaa vobontike shaktishali korte ebong grahokder nirapatta nischito korar jonno ekti porikathamor unnoti. proshashon. phillipiner shishuder chikitsa kendroti ekti sarkari malikanadhin ebong porichalito karporeshana (geosi) hisabe porichalito hoy jaa swastho bibhager saathe sangjukto. hospitaler sarkari sangosthati anyanno tinti biseshayito hospitaler (phillipiner heart center, phillipiner fusfus center ebong jatiya kidney oo protisthapon institute) sange trusty board bhag korey neyo. eyi setupti nirbahi adesh nong anujayi. 119 1987 saale prokashito hoy.

phillipine childrance medical center phillipine childrance medical center aee phillipinesna metro manilaanaa quezon shaherma sarkaar dwara sanchaalit baadakoni hospital chhe. sarkari malikini aneey niyantrit nigam tareeke hospital aarogya vibhag saathe jodaayelee chhe. itihas. phillipine childrance medical centerni sthaapnaa 10 august, august roj rashtrapatina hukamnaamaa nann. 1631 pramukh ferdinand marcos dwara jaaree karvaamaa aavyu. aaa hukamnaamu baadakna aantarrashtriy varsh darmiyan bahaar padvama aavyo hato. lungsode enji kabaataannu udghaatan 29 april, nirmaan roj united kingdamni rajkumari margaretnee hajarima aek samarohma karvaamaa aavashe. 23 juuna, nirmaan roj pratham maheela imelda markosnee aagevani hethalnaa manav vasaahato mantralay hethal aaa hospital kaaryarat thaee hatee. 12 january, january roj rashtrapati corazon aquinona vaheevat darmiyan hospitale tenu vartmaan naam memorandum order nann. 2. pii. see. aema. see. nee sharuaat 47 sakreey tabibi karmchaareeo saathe thaee hatee, jemaa maanyata praapt baadrog aneey baadrog sarjanono samaavesh thato hato, jemane sharuaatmaa aapvama aavtee 4 tabibi sevaaoni pahel curry hatee, jemaa ambulatory, ina-patient cair, surgery aneey critical cair saamel chhe. lagbhag teey jaj samaye, prayogshaalaa vibhag aneey shaaririk punarvasan aekamnee pann sthaapnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee aneey teey sampurnpane kaaryarat thaee gayoo hatoo. 1983 thee 1985 sudhee, pii. see. aema. see. aee dardee sambhaal sevaao, rahethaan aneey fellowship taaleem aneey satat tabibi shikshanma tenee pravruttionu vistaran karyoo. bhauteek maalkhaagat suvidhaoma sudhaaro aneey vadhu sevaa ghatakonu nirmaan nirmaan daykana antamaa dhyaan kendrit thayu hatoo. tyarbad baadrog vibhag hethal neonatology, pulmonology, nephrology, cardiology, hematology aneey allergy jevee baadrogni petaa visheshtao temaj baadrog shastrakriya vibhag hethal anaesthesiani sthaapnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee. deshnaa agranee baadrog kendra banvaa maate pii. see. aema. see. nee drashtine anuroop, baad neuroscience vibhag, vikaslakshi hastkshep maatenu kendra, parinatology vibhag aneey sanshodhan vibhag pann banavvama aavyaa hataa. sansthaani truteey kakshani sambhaal suvidhaaone majboot karvaanaa tenaa dhyey saathe, saathe baadrog dantchikitsa aneey baad manochikitsani rachnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee. hatee daaykaa darmiyan, pii. see. aema. see. aee tenee kaamgirima sudhaaro karvaanu chaalu raakhyu hatoo. praathmeek nivaarak aneey protsaahak kaarykramoni sameeti hethal viveedh naveen pravruttionu aayojan karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. sadeena anta darmiyan sansthakeey highlitese baadrog radiology aneey baadrog strirogshastra jevaa navaa fellowship taaleem kaarykramo rajoo karyaa. temnaa netrutvamaa doow. julius almario lessions, jeey jeey executive director chhe, pii. see. aema. see. aee 212 pathaarini adheekrut kshamata saathe leval IV taaleem hospital maanyata jaalvi raakhi chhe, jeey navjaatthi laeene 19 varshnee vayanaa dardeeo temaj uchch jokham dharaavati sagarbha streeone sevaa aape chhe. suveedhao aneey sevaao. phillipine baadakona tabibi kendramaa pathaarini kshamata 200-300 chhe. teey 19 varsh aneey tethee ochhi umarnaa loko temaj uchch jokham dharaavati sagarbha streeone sevaa puurii paadatu aek vishesh kendra chhe. aaa sanstha baadrog sambhaal aneey sanshodhanmaa nishnaat chhe. pcmc phillipinesmaa baadako maate sauthee motoo icunu aayojan karey chhe. temaa sauthee moto navjaat saghan sambhaal aekam [niku] chhe jeey parinetal cair aneey neonatology kendrano abhinn bhaag chhe. teno baad neurology aneey neurosurgery sevaa kaarykram, jemaa neurodevelopment centerno samaavesh thaay chhe. temaa baadrog punarvasan suveedha aneey aantarik dardeeo maate baadrog bahoo-visheshta, temaj bahaarnaa dardeeo aneey referral maate clinic sevaa chhe. aamaa kensar aneey hematology kendra; kishore kendra (kishore prajasattak); baadrog fefasaa, hraday, kidnee aneey yakrut kendra; baadrog nirnayak sambhaal kendra aneey; saamanya baadrog sevaao aneey shastrakriyani aneey sanlagn tabibi sevaao maatena clinical kendro anukrame chhe. julai julai, navee bandhvama aaveli oo. pii. dii. imarat aakhare vishesh sambhaal maate pii. see. aema. see. maan mokalvaamaa aavtaa sevaa dardioni vadhati sankhyaane samavva maate kholvaamaa aavee hatee. pcmca rotarii club makaati vesta-gift off life international saathe pann bhagidari curry hatee, jeey aek aantarrashtriy biin-sarkari sanstha chhe, jeey janmajaat hraday rogonaa sevaa dardeeo maate beey open-haart surgery mission maate maarg mokale chhe, jaimne cardiac sarjarini jaroor hatee. aaa varshnaa antamaa, tene tenee hospital-vyaapi punahrachnaa sharoo curry, jeey imaaratne majboot karvaa aneey graahakone sevaa aapvama aavee rahee chhe tenee salaamati suraksheet karvaa maate maalkhaagat sudhaarana chhe. vaheevat. phillipine childrance medical centernu sanchalan sarkari malikina aneey sanchaalit corporation (jee. oo. see.) tareeke thaay chhe, jeey aarogya vibhag saathe jodaayelu chhe. hospitalni sarkari pedhhi anya trana visheshta hospitalo (phillipine haart center, phillipinesnu fefsaannu kendra aneey raashtriy kidnee aneey transplant sanstha) saathe trusty mandalne vahenche chhe. aaa vyavastha kaarykaari aadesh nann. 119 119 bahaar padvama aavyu hatoo.

phillippeans bachchon kaa chikitsa kendra phillippeans kaa bachchon kaa chikitsa kendra phillippeans key metro manila key quezon shahar mein ack sarkaar dwara sanchaalit bachchon kaa aspatal haye. sarkari swaamitva aur niyantrit nigam key roop mein aspatal swaasthya vibhaag seey judaa huaa haye. itihas. phillippeans key bachchon key chikitsa kendra koo 10 agast, 1979 koo rashtrapati key decree number 1 key madhyam seey lungsod ng kabatan (lnk; 'bachchon kaa shahar') key roop mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. 1631 rashtrapati ferdinand marcos dwara jaari kiya gayaa. yeh farman bachche key antarrashtriya varsh key dauran jaari kiya gayaa thaa. lungsode ng kabatan kaa udghaatan 29 aprail, 1980 koo ack samaroh mein kiya jaayega, jisamen united kingdam kii rajkumari margaret ney bhaag liya thaa. 23 juuna, 1980 koo pratham mahila imelda marcos key netritva mein maanav bastiyon key mantralaya key tahat aspatal chaalu hoe gayaa. aspatal ney apana vartamaan naam 12 janwari, 1987 koo rashtrapati corazone aquino key prashaasan key dauran gyaapan adesh sankhya key madhyam seey apanaaya. 2. pee. see. aim. see. ney 47 sakriya chikitsa karmchaariyon key saath shuruat kii, joe maanyata praapt baal roga visheshagyon aur baal chikitsa sarjanon seey baney they, jinhone shuru mein pesh kii gaee 4 naidaanik sevaaon kaa beedaa uthaayaah ambulatory, inn-patient dekhbhal, sergery aur mahatvapurna dekhbhal. lagbhag usee samay, prayogshala vibhaag aur shaaririk punarvaas ikai bhee sthaapit kii gaee aur poori tarah seey chaalu hoe gaee. 1983 seey 1985 taka, pee. see. aim. see. ney rogi dekhbhal sevaaon, nivaas aur fellowship prashikshan aur nirantar chikitsa shiksha mein apani gatividhiyon kaa vistaar kiya. bhautik buniyaadi dhaanche mein sudhaar aur adhik seva ghatakon key nirmaan parr 1980 key dashak key anta mein dhyaan kendrit kiya gayaa. baad mein baal chikitsa upa-visheshataaen jaise kii navjat roga vigyaan, fuffusiya vigyaan, nephrology, cardiology, hematology aur baal chikitsa vibhaag key tahat allergy, saath hii baal chikitsa sergery vibhaag key tahat anaesthesia kii sthaapana kii gaee. desh kaa pramukh baal chikitsa kendra banane key liye pee. see. aim. see. drishti key anuroop, baal tantrika vigyaan vibhaag, vikasatmak hastakshep kendra, perinatology vibhaag aur anusandhaan vibhaag bhee isi tarah banaae gaye they. sansthaan kii tritiyak dekhbhal suvidhaon koo majboot karane key apane lakshya key saath, baal chikitsa dunt chikitsa aur baal manochikitsa kaa gathan 1989 mein kiya gayaa thaa. 1990 key dashak key dauran, pee. see. aim. see. ney apane sanchaalan mein sudhaar karna jaari rakhaa. praathamik nivaarak aur protsaahan karyakramon kii samiti key tahat vibhinn naveen gatividhiyon kaa ayojan kiya gayaa. shatabdi key anta key dauran sansthaagat mukhya akarshanon ney baal chikitsa vikiran vigyaan aur baal chikitsa stree roga vigyaan jaise nae fellowship prashikshan karyakramon kii shuruat kii. dow. key netritva mein. julius almario lessions, joe 2006 seey karyakari nideshak hain, pee. see. aim. see. ney 212 bistaron kii adhikrit kshamata key saath, star IV prashikshan aspatal maanyata banaae rakhee haye, joe navjat seey laker 19 varsh kii ayu taka key rogiyon key saath-saath uchch jokhim vaali garbhavati mahilaaon kii seva curr rahee haye. suvidhaaen aur sevaaen. phillippeans key bachchon key chikitsa kendra mein bistar kii kshamata 200-300 haye. yeh 19 varsh aur usase cumm ayu key logon key saath-saath uchch jokhim vaali garbhavati mahilaaon key liye ack vishesh kendra haye. yeh sansthaan baal chikitsa dekhbhal aur anusandhaan mein visheshagyata rakhta haye. pee. see. aim. see. phillippeans mein bachchon key liye sabse badaa aaee. see. yuu. kii mejbani kartaa haye. isamen sabse badee navjat gahan dekhbhal ikai [niku] haye joe prasavkaaleen dekhbhal aur navjat vigyaan kendra kaa abhinn anga haye. isake baal tantrika vigyaan aur tantrika shalya chikitsa seva karyakram mein ack tantrika vikas kendra shamil haye. isamen ack baal chikitsa punarvaas suvidha aur inpatient key liye ack baal chikitsa bahu-visheshta key saath-saath baahari rogiyon aur referral key liye clinic seva key liye bhee haye. inmein cancer aur hematology kendra; kishore kendra (kishore ganarajya); baal chikitsa fefde, hriday, gurde aur yakrit kendra; baal chikitsa mahatvapurna dekhbhal kendra, aur; samanya baal chikitsa sevaaon aur shalya chikitsa aur sambaddh chikitsa sevaaon key liye naidaanik kendra, kramshah hain. julaai 2013 mein, navanirmit oh. pee. dee. bhawan koo antatah vishesh dekhbhal key liye pee. see. aim. see. mein bheje jaa rahey seva rogiyon kii badhati sankhya koo samaayojit karane key liye khola gayaa. pee. see. aim. see. ney rotary club makaati west-gift off life international key saath bhee bhagidari kii, joe ack antarrashtriya gair-sarkari sangathan haye, joe janmajaat hriday rogon key rogiyon key liye dou open-haart sergery missions key liye raasta detaa haye, jinhen hriday shalya chikitsa kii aavashyakta hoti haye. baad mein iss varsh key dauran, isane apane aspatal-vyaapi retrofitting, bhawan koo majboot karane aur grahakon kii suraksha koo surakshit karane key liye ack buniyaadi dhaanche mein sudhaar shuru kiya. prashaasan. phillippeans key bachchon key chikitsa kendra koo ack sarkari swaamitva vaale aur sanchaalit nigam (jee. oh. see.) key roop mein prabandhit kiya jaataa haye joe swaasthya vibhaag seey judaa hotaa haye. aspatal kii sarkari firm anya teen vishesh aspatalon (phillippeans hriday kendra, phillippeans kaa fefde kendra, aur rashtriya gurda aur pratyaropan sansthaan) key saath nyasi mandal koo saajha karati haye. yeh vyavastha karyakari adesh sankhya key anusaar haye. 119 1987 mein jaari kiya gayaa.

phillipine makkala vaidyakeeya kendra phillipine makkala vaidyakeeya kendravu phillipinesna metro manilaada quezon nagaradalliruva sarkari makkala aaspatreyaagide. sarkari svaamyada mattu niyantrita nigamavagi aaspatreyu aarogya ilaakhege lagattisalaagide. itihaasa. phillipine makkala vaidyakeeya kendravannu 1979rahra august 10randu adhyakshiya adesha sankhye. 1631ralli adhyaksha furdinand marcos avaru idannu bidugade maadidaru. maguvina antaaraashtriya varshadalli ee aadeshavannu horadisalaayitu. united kingdamna rajakumari margarate bhagavahisida samaarambhadalli april 29,1980 randu lungod engy kabatan annu udghaatisalaayitu. 1980rahra zoon 23randu, prathama mahile imelda marcos netrutvada manava vasaahatugala sachivaalayada adiyalli, aaspatreyu karyarambha maaditu. 1987rahra janavari 12randu adhyaksha korajan aquino avara aadalitada avadhiyalli ee aaspatreyu tanna prastuta hesarannu memorandam adesha sankhye. 2. aarambhadalli niidalaada 4 vaidyakeeya sevegala pravartakaraada maanyate padeda makkala vaidyaru mattu makkala shastrachikitsakarannu olagonda 47 sakriya vaidyakeeya sibbandiyondige pcmc praarambhavaayitu, avugalendareh ambulatory, inn-patient cair, sarjari mattu critical cair. sumaru adhe samayadalli, prayogaalayagala ilakhe mattu daihika punarvasati ghatakavannu saha sthaapisalaayitu mattu sampoornavaagi karyarambha maaditu. 1983rinda 1985ravarege, pii. sii. emm. sii. yuu rogigala aaraike sevegalu, residency mattu phelowship tarabeti mattu vaidyakeeya shikshanavannu munduvarisuvalli tanna chatuvatikegalannu vistarisitu. bhautika moolasoukaryadalli sudhaarane mattu hecchina sewa ghatakagala rachaneyu 1980rahra dashakada antyada kadege gamanavannu kendrikarisitu. taruvaaya makkala vaidyakeeya vibhagada adiyalli neonatology, pulmanology, nephrology, cardiology, hematology mattu allergiology mattu makkala shastrachikitse vibhagada adiyalli arivalike muntaada makkala upa-visheshategalannu sthaapisalaayitu. deshada pramukha makkala kendravagabekemba pii. sii. emm. sii. drashtikonakke anugunavagi, makkala naravijnaana ilakhe, abhivruddhi madhyasthike kendra, perinatology ilakhe mattu samshodhanaa vibhagavannu saha rachisalaayitu. samstheya trutiya aaraike soulabhyagalannu balapadisuva guriyondige, 1989ralli makkala dantavaidyashastra mattu makkala manovaidyashaastravannu rachisalaayitu. 1990rahra dashakaduddakku, pcmc tanna karyacharanegalannu sudhaarisuvudannu munduvarisitu. praathamika tadegattuva mattu proothsaahaka karyakramagala samitiya adiyalli vividha naveena chatuvatikegalannu aayojisalaayitu. shatamaanada tiruvinalli samsthika mukhyaamshagalu paediatric radiology mattu paediatric gynecologiantaha hosa phelowship tarabeti kaaryakramagalannu parichayisidavu. avara netrutvadalli daa. 2006rinda karyanirvahaka nirdeshakaragiruva julius almario lessians, pcmc 212 haasigegala adhikruta saamarthyadondige nalkane hantada tarabeti aaspatreya maanyateyannu nirvahiside, navjat shishuvininda 19 varsha vayassina rogigalige mattu hecchina apaayada garbhini mahileyarige seve sallisuttide. soulabhyagalu mattu sevegalu. phillipine makkala vaidyakeeya kendravu <aii. dii. 1> haasige saamarthyavannu hondide. idu 19 varsha mattu adakkinta kadime vayassina janarige mattu hecchina apaayada garbhini mahileyarige seve odagisuva vishesha kendravagide. ee samstheyu makkala aaraike mattu samshoodhaneyalli parinati hondide. pcmc phillippeansna makkala atidodda isiyu annu ayojisuttade. idu atidodda navjat teevra niga ghatakavannu [niku] hondide, idu perinatal aaraike mattu neonatology kendrada avibhajya angavagide. adara makkala naravijnaana mattu narashastrachikitseya sewa kaaryakramavu naragala abhivruddhi kendravannu olagondide. idu makkala punarvasati soulabhyavannu hondide mattu olarogigalige makkala bahu-visheshate, jotege horah rogigalige mattu referralgalige clinic sevegaagi hondide. ivugalalli cancer mattu hematology kendra; hadihareyada kendra (hadihareyada ganarajya); makkala shvasakosha, hridaya, mootrapinda mattu yakruttu kendra; makkala nirnayaka aaraike kendra, mattu; saamaanya makkala sevegalu mattu shastrachikitsa mattu sambandhita vaidyakeeya sevegala clinical kendragalu kramavagi serive. vishesha aaraikegaagi pcmcge kaluhisalaaguttiruva sewa rogigala hechchuttiruva sankhyege anugunavagi 2013rahra julainalli hosadaagi nirmisalaada opd kattadavannu antimavagi tereyalaayitu. pcmc rotary club makati west-gift off life internationalnondige paaludaarike hondide, idu antararashtriya sarkaaretara samstheyaagide, idu hridaya shastrachikitsegala agatyaviruva janmajaata hridaya kayilegala rogigalige eradu open-haart sarjari missiongalige daari maadikoduttade. ee varshada koneyalli, idu kattadavannu balapadisalu mattu seve sallisuttiruva grahakara surakshateyannu badrapadisikollalu moolasoukarya sudharaneyada tanna aaspatreyaadyanta maruhondisuvikeyannu praarambhisitu. aadalita. phillipine makkala vaidyakeeya kendravannu aarogya ilaakhege lagattisalaada sarkari svaamyada mattu nirvahanaa nigamavagi (zii. oo. sii.) nirvahisalaaguttade. aaspatreya sarkari samstheyu itara mooru vishesha aaspatregalondige (phillipine hridaya kendra, phillipinesna shvasakosha kendra mattu rashtriya mootrapinda mattu kasi samsthe) trustigala mandaliyannu hanchikolluttade. ee setup karyanirvahaka adesha sankhye. 119 1987ralli prakatavaayitu.

philippain kuttikalude medical sentar philippainsile metro manilayile kvisoon sittiyil sarkkar nadathunna kuttikalude aashupathriyaanu phillippines childrance medical sentar. sarkkar udamasthathayilullathum niyantrithavumaaya korppareshan enna nilayil ashupatri aarogya vakuppumayi bandhappettirikkunnu. charithram. 1979 august 10 nuu presidentinte utharavu nambar 10 prakaram phillippines kuttikalude medical sentar langsode enji kabatan (elenke; 'kuttikalude nagaram') aayi sthaapikkappettu. 1631ll president ferdinand marcos puratthirakki. kuttikalude anthaaraashtra varshathilaan utharavu purappeduvichathu. 1980 epril 29nuu yunaittad kingdatthile maargarat raajakumaariyude saannidhyathil nadakkunna chadangil langsode enji kabatan udghaadanam cheyyum. pradhama vanitha imlda maarkosinte neethrthwathilulla manushyavaasa manthraalayathinu keezhil 1980 juun 23 nuu ashupatri pravarthanakshamamaayi. 1987 januvari 12nuu president correson akvinoyude bharanakaalathu memmoraandam oordar nambar. 2. amgeekritha pediatricianmaarum pediatric sarjanukalum adangunna 47 sajeeva medical staafukalumaayaanu pcmc aarambhichath, avar thudakkathil vaagdaanam cheytha 4 klinikkal sevanagalkk thudakkamittu ambulatory, inn-peshyant cair, sarjari, critical cair. ekadesham athe samayam, laborattarikalude vakupum physical rehabilitation yoonittum sthaapikkukayum poornnamaayum pravarthanakshamamaavukayum cheythu. 1983 muthal 1985 vare, rogi paricharana sevanangal, residency, fellowship pariseelanam, thudarchayaaya medical vidyaabhyaasam ennivayil pcmc athinte pravartthanangal vipuleekarichu. bhauthika adisthaana soukaryangalile mechappeduthalum kooduthal sevana gadakangal srishtikkunnathum 1980kalude avasaanathil shradha kendreekarikkappettu. pediatric medisin vakuppinu keezhilulla neonatology, pulmonology, nephrology, cardiology, hemattolaji, alarjolaji thudangiya pediatric sub specialitykalum pediatric sarjari vakuppinu keezhilulla anaestasia pinneedu sthaapichu. raajyathe pradhana pediatric kendramenna pii. sii. emm. sii kaazhchappaadin anusrithamaayi, child neuro sayans vakupp, vikasana edapedal kendram, perinattolaji vakupp, gaveshana vakupp ennivayum srishtichu. sthaapanathinte moonnaamkida paricharana soukaryangal shakthippeduthukayenna lakshyathode 1989ll pediatric dentistry, child saikyatri enniva roopeekarichu. 1990kaliludaneelam pcmc athinte pravartthanangal mechappeduthunnathu thudarnnu. praadhamika prathirodha, prothsaahana paripaadikalude samithikk keezhil vividha noothana pravartthanangal samghadippichu. noottaandinte thudakkathil sthaapanaparamaaya pradhana savisheshathakal pediatric radiology, pediatric gynaecology thudangiya puthiya fellowship pariseelana paripaadikal avatharippichu. addehathinte neethrthwathil doow. 2006 muthal executive director juuliyas almario lesiyans, navajaathasisukkal muthal 19 vayass vare praayamulla rogikalkkum uyarnna apakadasaadyathayulla garbhinikalkkum sevanam nalkunna 212 kidakkakalulla amgeekritha sheshiyulla level IV training hospital accreditation nilanirthiyittundu. soukaryangalum sevanangalum. philippain kuttikalude medical sentarinu <aii. dii. 1> kidakka sheshiyund. 19 vious athil thazheyumullavarkkum uyarnna apakadasaadyathayulla garbhinikalkkum sevanam nalkunna oru prathyeka kendramaanithu. pediatric keyarilum gaveshanathilum eee sthaapanam vaidagdhyamullathaanu. philippainsile kuttikalkkulla ettavum valia aii. sii. yuu. pii. sii. emm. sii. yilaanu. perinaattal cair aandu neonatology sentarinte avibhaajya gadakamaaya ettavum valia navjata theevraparicharana yoonit [nikku] ivideyundu. oru neuro development sentar ulppede athinte child neurology, neuro sarjari sevana paripadi. pediatric punaradhivasa soukaryavum inpeshyantukalkkaayi pediatric multy-specialityum athupole thanne outtu-peshyantukalkkum referralukalkumulla klinik sevanavum ivideyundu. ivayil cancer, hemattolaji sentar, kaumaarakendram (teane republic), pediatric shwaasakosham, hridayam, vrukka, karal kendram, pediatric critical cair sentar, general pediatric sevanangalkkum sarjikkal, anubandha medical sevanangalkkumulla klinikkal sentarukal enniva yathaakramam ulppedunnu. 2013 joolaiyil, speciality keyarinayi pii. sii. emm. siyilekku ruffer cheyyappedunna vardhichuvarunna sevana rogikale ulkkollunnathinayi puthuthayi nirmmicha oo. pii. dii kettidam oduvil thurannu. hridaya sasthrakriya aavasyamulla janmana hrudrogamulla rogikalkkaayi rund ooppan hart sarjari dauthyangalkku vazhiyorukkunna oru anthaaraashtra sarkkarithara samghadanayaaya rottari club makathi vestt-giftt oof life internaashanalumaayi pcmc pankalikalaayi. eee varsham avasaanam, kettidam shakthippeduthunnathinum sevanamanushtikkunna upabhokthaakkalude suraksha urappakkunnathinumulla adisthaana soukarya vikasanamaya ashupatri-wide retrofitting aarambhichu. bharanam. aarogyavakuppumayi bandhapetta sarkkar udamasthathayilullathum pravarthippikkunnathi korppareshanaayi (gokk) philippain childrance medical sentar kaikaaryam cheiyunnu. aashupathriyude sarkkar sthaapanam mattu moonnu speciality aashupathrikalumaayi (philippain hart sentar, philippainsile shwaasakosha kendram, naashanal kidney aandu traansplaant instittyoott) board oof trasttikal pankidunnu. executive utharavu nambar 1 anusarichaanu eee sajjeekaranam. 1987ll 119 puratthirangi.

phillipine baal vaidyakeey kendra phillipinesche baal vaidyakeey kendra heey phillipineschya metro manila yetheel quezon shaharatil sarkardware chalavale jaanare baal rugnalay aahe. sarkari malakiche aanee niyantrit mahamandal mhanoon rugnalay aarogya vibhagashi sanlagn aahe. itihas. 10 august 1979 roji rashtrapatinchya aadesh kra. 1631 saalee rashtradhyaksh ferdinand marcos yanni jaaree kele. balkachya aantarrashtriy varshat haah aadesh jaaree karnyat aala hota. 29 april 1980 roji united kingdamchya rajkumari margaret yanchya upasthitit jhalelya samarambhat langsode enji kabatanche udghatan kele jaeel. 23 juuna 1980 roji, pratham mahila imelda marcos yanchya netrutvakhalil manvi vasahati mantralayachya antargat, heey rugnalay karyanvit jhaale. 12 janewari 1987 roji rashtrapati corazone aquino yanchya prashasanadarmyan rugnalayane tyache sadhyache naav sweekarle. 2. pii. see. emm. see. chee suruvat 47 sakriy vaidyakeey vaidyakeey jhaali, jyat manyataprapt balrogatadnya aanee balrogatadnyancha samavesh hota, jyanni suruvatila deu kelelya 4 vaidyakeey sevancha pudhakar ghetalah embulatory, inn-patient kalji, shastrakriya aanee gambhir kalji. jawalpas tyach velee, prayogshala vibhag aanee sharirik punarvasan vibhag dekhil sthapan karnyat aala aanee teey purnapane karyanvit jhaale. 1983 teey 1985 yaa kalat pii. see. emm. see. neey rugna seva seva, nivas aanee shishyavrutti prashikshan aanee vaidyakeey shikshan chaloo thevanyasathichya aaplya upkramancha vistar keela. bhautik payabhoot suvidhanmadhye sudharana aanee adhik seva ghatakanchi nirmiti heey 1980 chya dashakachya uttaradhat laksh kendrit jhaale. balrogshastra, pulmonology, nephrology, cardiology, hematology aanee balrogshastra vibhagantargat allergishastra yasarkhya balrog upvaidhyakiy upvaidhyakiy suvidha, tasech balrog shastrakriya vibhagantargat bhool deuun sodane yasarkhya upvaidhyakiy upvaidhyakiy suvidha nantar sthapan karnyat aalya. pii. see. emm. see. chya drushtikonachya anushangane deshatil pramukh balrogatadnya kendra mhanoon baal majjatantushastra vibhag, vikasatmak hastakshep kendra, perinatology vibhag aanee sanshodhan vibhag yanchihi nirmiti karnyat aalee. sansthechya trutiyak kalji suvidha balkat karnyachya uddeshane 1989 madhye balrogatadnya dantchikitsa aanee baal mansopchar sansthechi sthapana karnyat aalee. 1990 chya dashakat pii. see. emm. see. neey tyache karya sudharane suru thewale. prathamik pratibandhatmak aanee protsahan karyakram samitichya antargat vividh navinyapurn upkram aayojit karnyat aale hote. yaa shatkachya uttaradhat sansthatmak thalak babinni balrog radiology aanee balrog strirogshastra yasarkhe naveen shishyavrutti prashikshan karyakram suru kele. tyanchya netrutvakhali dow. 2006 pasoon karyakari sanchalak asalelya julius almerio lessions yaa pii. see. emm. see. neey, navjat teey 19 varshe vayogatatil rugnanna tasech uchch jokhim asalelya garbhavati mahilanna seva dett, adhikrut 212 khatanchya kshamtesah, chauthya staravaril prashikshan rugnalay manyata kayam thewali aahe. suvidha aanee seva. philipinemadhil mulanchya vaidyakeey kendrat 200-300 khatanchi kshamata aahe. heey 19 varshe aanee tyahoon qamee vayachya lokansathi tasech uchch jokhim asalelya garbhavati mahilansathiche eka vishesh kendra aahe. hii sanstha balrogatadnyanchi kalji aanee sanshodhanat parangat aahe. pii. see. emm. see. philipinesmadhil mulansathi sarvat mothe aay. see. yuu. hoost karate. yethe sarvat mothe navjat atidakshata kendra (niku) aahe jeey prasavkalin kalji aanee navjat vidnyan kendracha avibhajya bhag aahe. tyacha baal neurology aanee neurosurgery seva karyakram, jyamadhye neurodevelopment centercha samavesh aahe. yethe balrogat punarvasan suvidha aanee antargat rugnansathi balrogat bahu-vishesh suvidha, tasech bahya-rugnanna aanee referralsathi chikitsalayin seva aahe. yapaiki karkarog aanee raktarogshastra kendra; kishoravayin kendra (kishore prajasattak); balrogatadnya fuffus, hriday, mootrapind aanee yakrut kendra; balrogatadnya gambhir kalji kendra aanee; samanya balrogatadnya seva aanee shastrakriya aanee sanlagn vaidyakeey sevansathi anukrame vaidyakeey kendre aahet. julai 2013 madhye, vishesh dekhbhalisathi pii. see. emm. see. kadey pathavalya pathavalya seva rugnanchya vadhatya sankhyela samavoon ghenyasathi navyane bandhaleli oo. pii. dii. imarat akher ughadanyat aalee. pii. see. emm. see. neey rotarii club makati west-gift auph life international yaa aantarrashtriy swayamsevi sanstheshi dekhil bhagidari kelee, jee hrudayavikarachya shastrakriyanchi aavashyakta asalelya janmajat hrudayavikar asalelya seva rugnansathi done open-haart shastrakriya mohimansathi marg dete. yaa varshachya uttaradhat, tyanni rugnalay-vyapi punarbandhani suru kelee, jee imarat balkat karnyasathi aanee grahakanna seva dilya jaat asalelya surakshitatesathi payabhoot suvidhanmadhye sudharana aahe. prashasana. phillipineschya baal vaidyakeey kendrache vyavasthapan sarkari malakiche aanee sanchalit mahamandal (jee. oo. see.) mhanoon kele jaate, jeey aarogya vibhagashi sanlagn aahe. rugnalayatil sarkari sanstha vishvast mandalala itar teen vishesh rugnalayansah (phillipine hriday kendra, philipinesche fuffus kendra aanee rashtriy mootrapind aanee pratyaropan sanstha) samayik karate. hii vyavastha karyakari aadesh kra. 119 1987 madhye jaaree karnyat aale.

phillipines ball chikitsa kendra phillipines children medical centre filipinsko metro manila, kwejan saharma raheko sarkardwara sanchalit ball aspatal how. sarkari swamitwama raheko rar niyantrit nigamko rupma aspatal swasthya vibhagsanga jodieko chha. itihas. phillipines ball chikitsa kendra august 10,1979 maa rashtrapati decree nan. sann 1631 maa rashtrapati ferdinand marcosdwara jaari garieko. balko antarrashtriya warshama adesh jaari garieko thiyo. lungsode enji kabatanko udghatan 29 april 1980 maa sanyukta adhirajyaki rajkumari margaretle bhag lieko samarohma hunechha. 23 june 1980 maa pratham mahila emelda marcosko netritwama manav basti mantralayantargat yo aspatal sanchalanma ayo. yass aspatalle 12 janawari 1987 maa rashtrapati korajon ekwinoko prashasanko samayama gyapan adesh nan. 2. pcmc 47 zana sakriya chikitsa karmachariharusanga suru bhayo jasma manyata prapta ball rog visheshagya rar ball shalya chikitsakharu thie jasle suruma prastawa garieka 4 clinical sewaharuko agragami thie, arthath ambulatory, inn-pationt herchah, shalyakriya, rar critical herchah. lagbhag ekai samayama prayogshala vibhag rar sharirik punahsthapana ekai pani sthapana gariyo rar purna rupma sanchalanma ayo. sann 1983 dekhi 1985 samma, pie. sii. emm. sii. ley birami herchah sewaharu, niwas rar fellowship prashikshan, rar nirantar chikitsa shikshama afna gatiwidhiharu wistar गऱ्यो।. bhautik purwadharma sudhar rar thap sewa ghatakharuko sirjana sann 1980 ko dashakko antyatira kendrit bhayo. ball chikitsa chikitsa vibhagantargat neonatology, pulmonology, nephrology, cardiology, hematology, rar allergy vigyan jasta ball chikitsa upa-wisheshtaharu, sathai ball shalya chikitsa vibhagantargat anaesthesia pachhi sthapit gariyo. deshko pramukh ball chikitsa kendra bannaka lagi pie. sii. emm. sii. bhijanko anurup ball neuroscience vibhag, wikasatmak hastakshep kendra, perinatology vibhag rar anusandhan vibhag pani sirjana garieko thiyo. sansthako tritiyak herchah suwidhaharu sudridha parney laxyaka sath, ball danta chikitsa, rar ball manochikitsa 1989 maa gathan gariyo. 1990 ko dashakbhari, pcmcle yasako sanchalan sudhar garna jaari rakhyo. prathamik rokatham tatha prawardhan karyakram samitiantargat vibhinna nawaprawartanshil gatiwidhiharu ayojana gariyo. shatabdiko antyama sansthagat highlightharule balrog radiology rar balrog strirog vigyan jasta nayan fellowship prashikshan karyakramharu prastut gare. unko netritwama dah. julius almario lesions jo 2006 dekhi karyakari nirdeshak raheka chhan, pcmcle star IV prashikshan aspatal manyata kayam rakheko chha, ek adhikrit 212-ochhyan kshamatako sath, nawajatdekhi 19 warsha umerka biramiharuko sewa gardai, sathai uccha jokhim garbhawati mahilaharu. suwidha rar sewaharu. filipinsko ball chikitsa kendrama 200-300 ochhyan kshamata chha. yo 19 warsha rar sobhanda cum umerka manisharuka sathai uccha jokhimma raheka garbhawati mahilaharuka lagi sewa pradan garne vishesh kendra how. yass sansthale ball chikitsa herchah rar anusandhanma visheshagyata prapta gareko chha. pisimasile filipinsma balbalikaka lagi sabaibhanda thulo icu host gardacha. yasama sabaibhanda thulo navjat saghan herchah ekai [niku] chha june prasavakalin herchah rar neonatology kendrako abhinna anga how. yasako ball neurology rar neurosurgery sewa karyakram, ek neurodevelopment centre sahit. yasama balrog punahsthapana suwidha rar inpationtharuka lagi balrog bahu-wisheshtaharu chhan, sathai bahya rogiharu rar referlharuka lagi clinic sewako lagi pani chha. yee madhye cancer rar hematology kendra; kishore kendra (kishore ganatantra); ball fokso, mutu, mrigaula rar kalejo kendra; ball chikitsa critical care centre, rar; samanya ball chikitsa sewaharu rar shalya chikitsa rar sambadha chikitsa sewaharuka lagi kramashah clinical kendraharu chhan. july 2013 maa, nayan nirmit opidi bhawan antatah vishesh herchahka lagi pisiemsima pathaieka sewa biramiharuko badhdo sankhyalai samayojan garna kholieko thiyo. pcmcle rotary club makati west-gift aff life internationalsang pani sajhedari gareko chha, june ek antarrashtriya gaira-sarkari sanstha how, jasle janmajat hridaya rog bhaeka sewa biramiharulai hridaya shalyakriyako awashyakta parne dui open-hart sergery missionharuko lagi bato dinchha. yass warshako antyama, yasale bhawanlai baliyo banauna rar grahakharuko suraksha surakshit garna purwadhar sudhar gardai aspatal-wyapi retrofitting suru garyo. prashasana. phillipines ball chikitsa kendra sarkari swamitwama raheko rar sanchalit nigam (gokka) ko rupma wyawasthit chha june swasthya vibhagsanga jodieko chha. aspatalko sarkari farmale anya tean vishesh aspatalharu (phillipines hridaya kendra, filipinsko fokso kendra, rar rashtriya mrigaula rar pratyaropan sansthan) sanga board aff trustiharu sajhedari gardacha. yo setup karyakari adesh nan. sann 1987 maa jaari garieko 119.

philipinesra shishu chikitsa kendra philipinesra shishu chikitsa kendra heuchhi philipinesra metro manilara cusone saharare thiba eka sarkari shishu daktarakhana. eka sarkari malikanadhin ebong nijantrita nigama bhabe daktarakhana swasthya bibhaga sahita sanjukta. itihas. philipinera shishu chikitsa kendraku 1979 masiha august 10 tarikhare rastrapatinka decree nong. 1631 rastrapati fordinand markosanka dwara jaari karajaithila. sisura antarjatija barshare ehi decree jaari karajaithila. langsod enn. jii. kabatan 29 april, 1980 ray eka samarohare udaghatita heba, jeunthire brittener rajkumari margaret jogadebe. 1980 masiha june 23 tarikhare, pratham mahila emelda markosanka netrutware manab basati mantranalaja adheenare, daktarakhana karjyakhyama hoithila. 1987 masiha januari 12 tarikhare rastrapati corazone aakwinonka prashasana samajare ehi daktarakhana ehara barttamanara naama grahan karithila. 2. pii. sii. emm. sii. 47 john sakriya daktari karmacharinka sahita arambha hoithila, jeunmane sweekrutiprapta shishu chikitsaka ebong shishu sarjananku nei gathita, jeunmane prathame pradan karajaithiba 4 tii clinical sebara agragami thile, jathah embulatory, inn-pesadara jatna, astropachara ebong critical jatna . praiah sehi samajare, parikhyagara bibhaga ebong sharirika punarbasa unit madhya pratistha karajaithila ebong sampurna karjyakhyama hoithila . 1983 ru 1985 parjyanta, pcmc roggy jatna seba, residency ebong phelocip talim ebong nirantara daktari sikhya khetrare ehara karjyakalapaku bistara karithila. bhautika bhittibhumire unnati ebong adhika seba upadan srusti 1980 dashkar shesh aadaku dhyana akarshana karithila. parabarti samajare shishu chikitsa chikitsa bibhaga adheenare neonatology, pulmonology, nephrology, cardiology, hematology ebong allergiology bhali shishu chikitsa upa-biseshatwa tatha shishu chikitsa astropachara bibhaga adheenare nischetaka byabastha pratistha karajaithila. deshar pramukh shishu chikitsa kendra heba laagi pii. sii. emm. sii. rahr drustikona anuroopa shishu snajubigyana bibhaga, bikashamulaka hastakhyepa kendra, perinatology bibhaga ebong gabeshana bibhaga madhya srusti karajaithila. anusthanara truteeja starar jatna subidhaku sudrudha kariba lakhya sahita, 1989 ray shishu danta chikitsa ebong shishu manochikitsa gathan karajaithila. 1990 dashakare, pcmc ehara karjyakalapare unnati jaari rakhithila . prathamika pratishedhaka ebong prostahana karjyakramara kamiti adheenare bibhinna abhinaba karjyakalapa ayojan karajaithila. ehi shatabdir prarambhare anusthanika biseshatwagudika nutan phelocip talim karjyakram jepariki pediatric radiology ebong pediatric gynaecology prabartana karithile. taanka netrutware dodd. julias almario lesions, jieki 2006 masiharu karjyanirbahee nirdeshaka achanti, pii. sii. emm. sii. eka adhikruta 212 shajya khyamata sahita chaturtha starar talim daktarakhana manyata bajaiah rakhichhi, jaahaa nabajataru 19 barsha bayasa parjyanta rogeenka seba sahita uccha bipada garbhabati mahilamananku madhya seba pradan karuchhi. subidha ebong seba. philipinera shishu chikitsa kendrare eka 200-300 shajya khyamata rahichhi. ehaa eka swatantra kendra jaahaa 19 barsha ebong taa 'thaaru comm baisar lokanka sahita uccha bipada thiba garbhabati mahilamananka paain seba pradan karithae. ehi anusthana shishu chikitsa jatna ebong gabeshanare bisheshagya . philipainsare pilamananka paain pii. sii. emm. sii. sarbabruhata aai. sii. jayu. ayojan karithae. ethire sarbabruhata nabajata nibida chikitsa unit [niku] achhi jaahaa prasabakaleena jatna ebong neonatology kendra abichhedya anga . ehara shishu snajabika ebong snaju shalya chikitsa seba karjyakram, jeunthire eka snaju bikash kendra antarbhukta. ethire eka shishu chikitsa punarbasa subidha ebong inpesiantamananka paain eka shishu chikitsa bahu-bisheshata, tatha bahya roggy ebong referalmananka paain clinic seba achhi . egudika madhyare jathakrame karkata ebong hematology kendra; kishore kendra (kishore ganarajya); shishu fushfush, hrudai, kidney ebong jakruta kendra; shishu critical kear centre, ebong; sadharana shishu chikitsa seba ebong astropachara ebong aanusangika chikitsa seba paain clinical kendra . july 2013 ray, nutan nirmita opidi building sheshare swatantra jatna paain pcmcku pathajauthiba seba rogeenka sankhya brudhi paain kholajaithila . pcmc rotary club makati westa-gift off life international sahita madhya sahabhagee hoichhi, eka antarjatija besarakaree sangathana, jaahaa janmagata hrudarogare peedita rogeenka paain duiti open-hart sarjaree mission paain rasta deithae, jeunmane cardiac astropachara aabasyaka karanti . ehi barsha sheshare, ehaa ehara daktarakhana-byapee punahsrusti arambha karithila, jaahaa kothaku sudrudha kariba ebong grahakanka surakhyaku surakhita kariba paain eka bhittibhumi unnati. prashasana. philipinera shishu chikitsa kendra eka sarkari malikanadhin ebong parichalita nigama (jii. oh. sii.) bhabare parichalita hue jaahaa swasthya bibhaga sahita sanlagna . daktarakhanara sarkari sanstha anya tinoti swatantra daktarakhana (philipinesra hrudrog kendra, philipinesra fushfush kendra ebong jatiah kidney ebong pratiropana pratisthana) sahita trusty boardku anshidara kare . ehi byabastha karjyanirbahee adesh nong. nong 119 jaari karajaithila.

philipine bacchiaan daa medical center philipine bacchiaan daa medical center philipines dey kizon shehar, metro manila witch ikk sarkaar duaara chalaiaa jaanh vaala bacchiaan daa hospital haii. sarkari malkiat atey niyantrit nigam dey roop witch hospital sihat vibhag naal judiaa hoiaa haii. itihaas. philipine bacchiaan dey medical kendra dee sathapana 10 agast, 1979 noon rashtarpati dey ferman nann. 1631 rashtarpati ferdinand marcos duaara jaari keeta giaa. ih ferman bacche dey antarashtari saal dauran jaari keeta giaa see. 29 aprail, 1980 noon united kingdom dee rajkumari margaret dee hazri witch ikk samaroh witch langsode ng kabatan daa udghatan keeta javega. 23 juun, 1980 noon pahili mahila imelda marcos dee agvai witch manukkhi bastiaan mantrale dey tehat, hospital karajsheel hoow giaa. hospital neey aapna maujuda naam 12 janwari, 1987 noon rashtarpati corazone aquino dey parshasana dauran memorandam arder nann. 2. pee. see. aimm. see. neey 47 sargaram medical staff naal shuruat keeti jiss witch maanta prapat baal rogg atey baal rogg dey sarjan shamal sunn jinhan neey shuru witch pesh keetiaan gaeeaan 4 clinical sevavan dee shuruat kitia ambulatory, inn-patient cair, sarjari atey critical cair. lagbhag use samein, prayogshalavan vibhag atey sarirak punarvas ikai vee sathapat keeti gaee atey puurii tarahan karajsheel hoow gaee. 1983 toon 1985 takk, pee. see. aimm. see. neey mareezan dee dekhbhal sevavan, nivas atey fellowship sikhlai atey nirantar medical sikkhiaa witch aapniaan gatividhiaan daa vistaar keeta. bhautik buniaadi dhanche witch sudhar atey vadhere seva hissiaan dee sirjana 1980 dey dahake dey akheer vall dhiaan kendrat keeti gaee. baad witch baal sarjari vibhag dey tehat neonatology, pulmanology, nephrology, cardiology, haematology atey allergy vigiaan vargiaan baal upp-visheshtavan dey naal-naal anasthesia dee sathapana keeti gaee. desh daa pramukh baal kendra bannan laee pee. see. aimm. see. drishtikon dey anusar, baal neuroscience vibhag, vikasatmak dakhal laee kendra, perinatology vibhag atey khoj vibhag vee isey tarahan banaae gaye sunn. sanstha deeaan teeje darje deeaan dekhbhal sahulatan noon mazboot curran dey aapne teeche naal, 1989 witch baal dandan dee dawai atey baal mano-vigiaan daa gathan keeta giaa see. 1990 dey dahake dauran, pee. see. aimm. see. neey aapne kaarjan witch sudhar karna jaari rakkhiaa. mudhle roktham atey protsahan programan dee kameti dey tehat vakkh-vakkh navintakari gatividhiaan daa ayojan keeta giaa. sadee dey modd dauran sansthagat mukkh gallan neey navein fellowship sikhlai program jiven kii baal rogg radiology atey baal rogg gynaecology dee shuruat keeti. uhanan dee agvai heth daa. julias almerio lacioness joe 2006 toon karajkari nirdeshak rahey hunn, pee. see. aimm. see. neey 212 bistariaan dee samratha dey naal paddhar IV sikhlai hospital dee maanta banayi rakkhi haii, jiss witch navjame toon lae keey 19 saal dee umar takk dey mareezan dey naal-naal ucch jokham valiaan garbhavati aurtan dee seva keeti jaandi haii. sahulatan atey sevavan. philipine bacchiaan dey medical center witch 200-300 bistre dee samratha haii. ih ikk vishesh kendra haii joe 19 saal atey iss toon ghatt umar dey lokan dey naal-naal ucch jokham valiaan garbhavati aurtan dee seva karda haii. ih sanstha bacchiaan dee dekhbhal atey khoj witch muharat rakkhdi haii. pcmc philipines witch bacchiaan laee sabh toon vadda aaee. see. yuu. dee mezbani karda haii. iss witch sabh toon vaddi navjame dee teebar dekhbhal ikai [niku] haii joe kii parinetal dekhbhal atey navjame vigiaan kendra daa attutt hissa haii. iss daa baal neurology atey neuro sarjari seva program, jiss witch ikk neuro development center shamal haii. iss witch ikk baal punarvas sahulat atey andruni mareezan laee ikk baal bahu-visheshta dey naal-naal baahari mareezan atey referlan laee clinic seva laee ikk baal punarvas sahulat haii. inhan witch cancer atey haematology center; kishore kendra (kishore ganraj); baal rogg fefde, dill, gurde atey jigar kendra; baal rogg nazuk dekhbhal kendra, atey; aam baal rogg sevavan atey cergical atey sabandhat medical sevavan laee clinical kendra, kramvaar shamal hunn. julai 2013 witch, naveen bnee ou. pee. dee. imaarat noon aakharkar vishesh dekhbhal laee pee. see. aimm. see. witch bheje jaa rahey seva mareezan dee vaddh rahee ginti noon anukool banaun laee kholhiaa giaa see. pee. see. aimm. see. neey rotari club makati west-gift aaf life international, ikk antarashtari gair-sarkari sangathan naal vee bhaiwali keeti, joe dill deeaan bimariaan vaale mareezan laee doou open-haart sarjari missionan laee raah dinda haii jinhan noon dill dee sarjari dee zaroorat hundi haii. iss saal dey akheer witch, iss neey aapne hospital-viaapi retrofitting dee shuruat keeti, joe imaarat noon mazboot curran atey gaahkan dee surakhiaa noon surakhiat curran laee ikk buniaadi dhanche witch sudhar haii. parshasana. philipine bacchiaan dey medical center daa parbandhan ikk sarkari malkiat atey sanchalit nigam (jee. ou. see.) dey roop witch keeta jaanda haii joe sihat vibhag naal judiaa hoiaa haii. hospital dee sarkari ferm horr tinn vishesh hospitals (philipine dill kendra, philipines daa fefde kendra, atey rashtari gurde atey transplant sanstha) naal trusty board noon sanjha kardi haii. ih vivastha karajkari adesh nann. 119 1987 witch jaari keeta giaa see.

philipines-deshasya baal-chikitsaa-kendram. da-philipin-baal-chikitsaa-kendram philipines-deshasya metro-manila-nagarasya kwezan-nagare sarvakaarena sanchaalitam baal-chikitsaalayam asti. sarvakaarasya svaamitvam, niyantritam cha nigamam iti rupena chikitsaalayah svaasthyavibhaagena saha sambadhah asti. itihaasah. philipines-deshasya baal-chikitsaa-kendrasya sthapana 1979 august 10 dinaanke raashtrapati-aadesh-nam. dwara lunsode enn. jii. kabatan (ell. enn. key.; 'baal-nagaram') iti namna abhavat. 1631 tame varshe rashtrapatina ferdinand marcos ityanena jaareeh. balasya antaaraashtriyavarshe ayam adeshah jaareeh. lungsod enn. jii. kabatan ityasya udghaatanam 1980 april 29 dinaanke, unated kingdam-deshasya rajakumari margaret ityanaya upasthitasya samaarohe bhavishyati. 1980 joon 23 dinaanke prathamamahila imelda marcos ityasyaah netrutve maanav-niwaas-mantraalayasy adheene chikitsaalayah karyam krutavaan. 1987 janavaree 12 dinaanke rashtrapatina corazone ekwino ityasya prashasanakale, chikitsaalayah swasya vartamaanam naam smaarakaankasy adeshena nam. 2. pee. see. emm. see. ityasya aarambhah 47 sakriya-chikitsaa-karmachaareebhih abhavat, ye manyatapraptaihi balrog-chikitsakaih tathaa balrog-shalyachikitsakaih saha, ye 4 chikitsaa-sevaam pravartayan, yathaa-ambulatory, inn-peshant-kerr, sarjaree, critical-kerr cha. praayah tasmin eva kaale prayogashaalaavibhaagasy, shaareerik-punarvasana-ekakam cha sthapana krutaa, purnataya karyam cha akarot. 1983 taha 1985 paryantam pee. see. emm. see. ityanena roginaam paricharyayaha sevaayaam, nivaasasya, adhyetrutvasya cha prashikshanasy, chikitsashikshayaha nirantarasya cha kaaryeshu vistaarah krutah. bhautika-moolasaukaryasya sudhaarah, adhika-sevaa-ghatakam nirmaanam cha 1980 tamasya dashakasy ante kendram abhavat. baalarogachikitsaavibhaagasy antargatam neonatology, pulmanology, nephrology, cardiology, hematology, allergiology ityadini balrog-upavisheshataah, tathaa baalachikitsaavibhaagasy adheenastham sandnyaaharanam api cha sthaapitaah. deshasya pramukha-baal-kendratvena pee. see. ema. see. ityasya drushtehe anuroopam baal-neurosains-vibhaagah, vikaasaatmak-hastakshep-kendram, perinatology-vibhaagah, anusandhaana-vibhaagah cha tathaiva nirmitah. samsthaayaah truteeyak-chikitsaa-suvidhaanaam sudrudeekaranasya laxyaa 1989 tame varshe baal-dantachikitsaa, baal-manorogachikitsaayaah cha sthapana abhavat. 1990 tame dashake pee. see. emm. see. samsthaayaah kaaryeshu unnatihi nirantaram abhavat. praathamik-nivaarak-protsaahana-karyakramanam samityaah adheenam vividhaah navakalpanaah karyani aayojitaah. shataabdyaah aarambhe samsthaagataani mukhyaani visheshaani vishayaani balrog-vikirana-shaastram, balrog-streerog-shaastram ityadini nootanaani adhyetrutva-prashikshan-kaaryakramaani pravartayan. tasya netrutve daa. julius almario lesions, yah 2006 tamaat varshaat karyakari-nirdeshaka asti, pee. see. emm. see. ityanena, 212 shayyanam adhikruta-kshamatayaa saha chaturtha-starasya prashikshan-chikitsaalayasy manyata-nirdhaaranee, navajaat-19 varshaparyantam vruddhaanaam roginaam, uccha-apaayayuktaam garbhineem cha sevitaa asti. suvidhaah sewaah cha. philipines-deshasya baal-chikitsaa-kendre 200-300 shayanaadhikaarah asti. 19 varshaanaam adhah cha vayaskaanaam jananam tathaa uccha-apayayuktanam garbhinimatranam krute etat visheshakendram asti. eshaa samsthaa baal-chikitsaa-paricharyayam, samshodhane cha visheshadnyaa asti. pee. see. emm. see. philipines-deshe balanam krute bruhattamam aii. see. yoo. aayojayati. asya bruhattamam navajaat-gahan-chikitsaa-vibhaagah [niku] asti yat prasavakaaleen-chikitsaa-kendrasya cha avibhaajyam asti. asya baal-neurology tathaa neurosurgery sevaa-kaaryakramah, neurodevelopment-kendram api antarbhavati. asmin balrog-punarvasana-suvidhaa, antahroginaam krute balrog-bahu-visheshataa, api cha bahyaroginam krute chikitsalayasevayaha cha ullekhah asti. eteshu karkarog-hematology-kendram, kishor-kendram (tean-republic), baal-fuffus-roga-hrudaya-vrukka-yakruta-kendram, baal-critical-keyar-kendram, samanya-baal-sevaa-chikitsaa-chikitsaa-chikitsaa-chikitsaa-chikitsaa-chikitsaa-kendram, shalya-chikitsaa-chikitsaa-chikitsaa-sevaa-chikitsaa-chikitsaa-chikitsaa-kendraani cha santi. 2013 julai-maase, navanirmitam o. pee. dee. bhavanam ante udghaatitam yena sevaa-roginaam vardhamaan-sankhyaam vishesha-paricharyaartham pee. see. emm. see. prati preshitam. pee. see. emm. see. ityanena rotary club makati-west-gift-aaf-laif-international ityanena saha api sahabhaagitvam krutam, yat antarashtriya-sarvakaareey-samsthaa asti, yaa janmajata-hrudrogayuktaanaam sevaa-roginaam krute open-haart-sarjaree-abhiyaanadvayam maargam pradadaati, yebhyah hrudaya-shalyakriyayaha aavashyakataa aasit. tadanantaram asmin varshe, tasya chikitsaalaya-vyaaptam punah samyojanam aarabdham, bhavanasya sudrudeekaranaartham, grahakanam surakshaam cha surakshitum cha aadhaarabhoot-samrachanaanaam sudhaarah. prashaasanam. philipines-deshasya baal-chikitsaa-kendram sarvakaarasya svaamitvam, sanchaalitam cha nigamah (gok) iti rupena vyavasthaapitam asti, yat swaasthya-vibhagena saha sambaddham asti. chikitsaalayasy sarvakaareeyasamstha anyatraishcha vishesha-chikitsaalayaih (philipin-hrudaya-kendram, philipines-deshasya fuffus-kendram, rashtriya-vrukka-pratyaaropana-samsthaa) nyasi-mandalam panktayati. eshaa vyavasthaa karyakari-aadesh-nam. ityasya anugunam asti. 119 1987 tame varshe prakaashitam.

philippines kuzhandhaigal maruththuva maiyam philippines kuzhandhaigal maruththuva maiyam enbathu philippainsin metro manilaavin cusone nagaril ulla arasaangkaththaal nadatthappadum kuzhandhaigal maruththuvamanaiyaagum. arasukkuch sonthamaana mattrum kattuppadutthappatta niruvanamaaga inththa maruthuvamanai sugaathaarath thuraiyudan inaikkappattullathu. varalaaru. philippines kuzhandhaigal maruththuva maiyam august 10,1979 andru janathipathi aanai enn. 1631 janathipathi fertinand marcos veliyittathu. kuzhandhaigalin sarvadesa aandil inththa aanai veliyidappattathu. lunsot enji kabadaan aepral 29,1980 andru aikkiya raachchiyaththin ilavarasi margared kalandhu konda vizhaavil thirakkappadum. juun 23,1980 andru, muthal penmani imelta marcos thalaimaiyilaana manitha kudiyaettra amaichchagaththin keezh, maruthuvamanai seyalpadath thodangiyathu. janavari 12,1987 andru janathipathi gorasone akvinoavin nirvaagaththin poathu maruthuvamanai adhan tharpoothaiya peyarai memorandum aanai enn. 2. angkeekarikkappatta kuzhandhai maruththuvargal mattrum kuzhandhai aruvai sigichchai nipunarkalaik konda 47 seyalil ulla maruththuva oozhiyargaludan pcmc thodangiyathu, avarkal aarambaththil valangkappatta 4 maruththuva sevaikalukku munnoadiyaaga irunththanar, adhavathu ambuladary, inn-noyaali paramarippu, aruvai sigichchai mattrum mukkiyamaana paramarippu. aeraththaazha athae neraththil, aaivagangkal mattrum udal maruvaazhvu pirivum niruvapattu muzhumaiyaaga seyalpadath thodangiyathu. 1983 muthal 1985 varai, pcmc noayaalip paramarippu sevaigal, vathivida mattrum kootturavu payirchi mattrum thodarchchiyaana maruththuvak kalvi aagiyavattril thanathu nadavadikkaigalai virivupaduththiyathu. virivupaduththiyathu pirpaguthiyil ulkattamaippai maempaduththuvathum, adhiga saevai koorugalai uruvaakkuvathum kavanam seluththappattathu. kuzhandhai marutthuvath thuraiyin keezh neonatology, nuraiyeeral, narambiyal, iruthayaviyal, iraththap puttrunoai mattrum ovvamai poantra kuzhandhai maruththuva thunaith thirankal pinnar niruvapattana, athae poal kuzhandhai aruvai sigichchaith thuraiyin keezh mayakka marunthu niruvappattathu. naattin muthanmaiyaana kuzhandhai maruththuva maiyamaaga irukka pcmc tholainoakkup paarvaikku aerpa, kuzhandhai narambiyal thurai, maempaattu thalaiyeettukkaana maiyam, perinatology thurai mattrum aaraaichith thurai aagiyavai idhaepoal uruvaakkappattana. niruvanaththin moontraam nilai paramarippu vasathigalai valuppaduththum kurikkoaludan, 1989 aam aandil kuzhandhai bull maruthuvam mattrum kuzhandhai mananala maruthuvam aagiyavai uruvaakkappattana. 1990 kall muzhuvathum, pcmc adhan seyalpaadugalai thodarnthu maempaduththiyathu. aarambagaala thaduppu mattrum maempaattu thittangalin kuzhuvin keezh palvaeru puthumaiyaana nadavadikkaikal aerpaadu seiyappattana. inththa noottraandin thodakkaththil niruvana sirappamsanggal kuzhandhai kathirveechchu mattrum kuzhandhai magalir maruthuvam poantra puthiya kootturavu payirchith thittangalai arimugappaduththiyathu. avarathu thalaimaiyil doctor. 2006 muthal nirvaaga iyakkunaraaka irukkum juuliyas almario lessians, pcmc nilai IV payirchi maruthuvamanai angkeekaaraththai paraamaritthu varukirathu, angkeekarikkappatta 212 padukkaikal konda thiran, puthithaagap pirantha muthal 19 vayathu varayilaana noayaaligalukkum, adhiga aapaththulla karppinip penkalukkum saevai seikirathu. vasathigal mattrum sevaigal. philippines kuzhandhaigal maruththuva maiyaththil 200-300 padukkai thiran ullathu. idhu 19 vayathu mattrum atharkum kuraivaana vayathudaiyavarkalukkum, adhiga aapaththulla karppinip penkalukkum saevai seiyum oru sirappu maiyamaagum. inththa niruvanam kuzhandhai paramarippu mattrum aaraaychchiyil nibunaththuvam pettrullathu. philippainsil ulla kuzhandhaigalukkaana migapperiya icuvai pcmc valangkukirathu. idhu migapperiya pirantha theevira sigichchai alagu [nikku] aik kondullathu, idhu pirappu nilai paramarippu mattrum pirantha kuzhandhai maruththuva maiyaththin orunginaintha paguthiyaagum. adhan kuzhandhai narambiyal mattrum narambiyal aruvai sigichchai saevai thittam, oru narambiyal maempaattu maiyam udpada. idhu oru kuzhandhai maruvaazhvu vasathi mattrum ulnoayaaligalukkaana kuzhandhai maruththuva pala sirappu, aththudan velinoayaaligal mattrum parinthuraigalukkaana clinic saevai aagiyavattraik kondullathu. ivatrtril puttrunoai mattrum iraththap puttrunoai maiyam; ilam paruva maiyam (deane aej kudiyarasu); kuzhandhai nuraiyeeral, idhayam, siruneeragam mattrum kalleeral maiyam; kuzhandhai maruththuva mukkiyamaana paramarippu maiyam mattrum; podhu kuzhandhai sevaigal mattrum aruvai sigichchai mattrum thodarpudaiya maruththuva sevaikalukkaana maruththuva maiyangkal muraiyae ullana. juulai 2013 ill, puthithaaga kattapatta ooo. pii. dii kattidam iruthiyaaka sirappu paraamarippukkaaga pcmcku parinthuraikkappadum saevai noayaaligalin ennikkai athikarippatharkaaga thirakkappattathu. pcmc rotary kilap magathi vest-kift off life international endra sarvadesa arasu saaraa amaippudan koottusaernthathu, idhu iruthaya aruvai sigichchaigal thaevaippadum piravi idhaya noigalaal paathikkappatta noayaaligalukku irandu thirantha idhaya aruvai sigichchai panigalukku vazhi vagukkirathu. inththa aandin pirpaguthiyil, adhu adhan maruthuvamanai muzhuvathum maruseeramaippaith thodangiyathu, idhu kattidaththai valuppaduththuvatharkum, vaadikkaiyaalargalin paathukaappaip paathukaappatharkum oru ulkattamaippu maempaadu. nirvaagam. philippines kuzhandhaigal maruththuva maiyam arasaangkaththirkuch sonthamaana mattrum iyakkappadum niruvanamaaga (kook) nirvagikkappadukirathu, idhu sugaathaarath thuraiyudan inaikkappattullathu. maruthuvamanaiyin arasu niruvanam mattra moontru sirappu maruththuvamanaigaludan (philippain idhaya maiyam, philippainsin nuraiyeeral maiyam mattrum thaesiya siruneeragam mattrum maattru aruvai sigichchai niruvanam) arangkaavalar kuzhuvaip pagirnthu kolgiradhu. inththa amaippu nirvaaga aanai enn. 119 1987 ill veliyidappattathu.

philippean pillala vaidya kendram phillippeans childrance medical center anedi philippeansloni metro manilaalooni quezon nagaramlo prabhutvam naduputunna pillala aasupatri. prabhutva yaajamaanyamloni mariyu niyantrita samsthagaa aasupatri aarogya saakhaku anubandhamgaa untundi. charitra. philippean pillala vaidya kendram 1979 augustu 10naa adhyaksha decree nem. 1631loe adhyakshudu ferdinand marcos jaarii chesaaru. antarjaateeya baalala samvatsaramlo eee uttarvu jaarii cheyabadindi. united kingdom yuvarani margaret haajaraina vedukalo 1980 april 29naa langsode engi kabatan praarambhinchabadutundi. 1980 juun 23naa, pradhama mahila imelda marcos netrutvamloni maanava sthaavaraala mantritva saakha aadhvaryamlo, aasupatri panicheyadam praarambhinchindi. 1987 janavari 12naa adhyakshudu korajan aquino paripaalanalo memorandam arder nem. 2. praarambhamlo andinche 4 clinical sevalaku maargadarsakatvam vahinchina gurtimpu pondina pediatricians mariyu pediatric sarjanlatho kuudina 47 mandhi kriyaaseela vaidya sibbandito pcmc praarambhamaindi, avih umbularatory, inn-patient cair, surgery mariyu critical cair. daadaapu adhe samayamlo, prayogasaalala vibhagam mariyu saareeraka punaravasa vibhagam kooda sthaapinchabaddaayi mariyu puurtigaa panicheyadam praarambhinchaayi. 1983 nundi 1985 varaku, pcmc roogi samrakshana sevalu, nivaasa mariyu phelowship sikshana mariyu vaidya vidyanu konasaginchadamlo thana karyakalapalanu vistarinchindi. bhouthika moulika sadupayalalo merugudala mariyu marinni seva bhagala kalpana 1980la chivaralo drushti kendrikarinchabaddayi. pediatric medicine vibhagam krinda neonatology, pulmanology, nephrology, cardiology, hematology mariyu allergilogy vanti pediatric sub specialitylu, alaage pediatric surgery vibhagam krinda anaesthesia taruvaata sthaapinchabaddaayi. desamloni pradhana pediatric kendramgaa pcmc vision kii anugunamgaa, chiled neurosines vibhagam, abhivruddhi jokyam kendram, perinatology vibhagam mariyu parisoedhanaa vibhagam kooda adevidhamgaa srushtinchabaddaayi. samstha yokka trutheeya samrakshana soukaryaalanu balopetam cheyalane lakshyamtho, 1989loe pediatric dentistry mariyu chiled saikiyatri sthaapinchabaddaayi. 1990la antataa, pcmc thana karyakalapalanu meruguparachadam konasaaginchindi. praathamika nivaarana mariyu prothsaahaka kaaryakramaala kamitee aadhvaryamlo vividha vinootna karyakalapalu nirvahinchabaddaayi. sataabdam praarambhamlo samsthaagata mukhyaamsaalu pediatric radiology mariyu pediatric gynaecology vanti kotta phelowship sikshanaa kaaryakramaalanu pravesapettaayi. ayana naayakatvamlo daa. 2006 nundi executive directorga unna juuliyas almario lesions, pcmc 212 padakala adhikaaramtho sthaayi IV sikshanaa aasupatri accreditation nirvahinchindi, navjata sisuvu nundi 19 samvatsaraala vayassu varaku rogulaku, alaage adhika pramaadam unna garbhinii streelaku sevalu andistondi. soukaryaalu mariyu sevalu. philippean pillala vaidya kendram 200-300 padakala saamarthyaanni kaligi undhi. idhi 19 samvatsaraalu mariyu anthakante takkuva vayassu unna vyaktulatoe paatu adhika pramaadam unna garbhinii streelaku sevalu andinche pratyeka kendram. eee samstha pillala samrakshana mariyu parisoedhanaloo pratyekata kaligi undhi. philippeanslo pillala kosam pcmc atipedda ichunu nirvahistundi. idhi perinatal cair mariyu neonatology centarku antarbhaagamaina atipedda navjata intensive cair unit [niku] nuu kaligi undhi. neuro development center thoo sahaa daani chiled neurology mariyu neurosurgery servies programme. idhi pediatric punaravasa soukaryam mariyu inpatientla kosam pediatric multy-speciality, alaage out-paeshentlaku clinic seva mariyu referrals kosam undhi. veetilo cancer mariyu hematology center; kaumara kendram (tean republic); pediatric oopiritittulu, gunde, moothrapindaalu mariyu kaaleya kendram; pediatric critical cair center, mariyu; saadhaarana pediatric sevalu mariyu shastrachikitsa mariyu anubandha vaidya sevala kosam clinical kendraalu varusaga unnaayi. 2013 joolailo, pratyeka samrakshana kosam pcmcki pampabadutunna perugutunna seva rogulaku vasati kalpinchadaaniki kottagaa nirminchina opidi bhavanam chivaraku praarambhinchabadindi. pcmc rotary club makati west-gift off life international anae antarjaateeya prabhutvetara samsthatho kooda bhagaswamyam kaligi undhi, idhi cardiac shastrachikitsalu avasaramayye puttukatho vachhe gunde jabbulatho badhapaduthunna rogulaku rendu open haart surgery missionlaku maargam chooputundi. eee samvatsaram taruvaata, idhi aasupatri antataa punarnirmananni praarambhinchindi, idhi bhavananni balopetam cheyadaaniki mariyu sevalandistunna khaataadaarula bhadratanu bhadraparachadaaniki moulika sadupayala merugudala. paripalana. philippean pillala vaidya kendram aarogya saakhaku anubandhamgaa unna prabhutva yaajamaanyamloni mariyu nirvahinche corporation (goke) gaa nirvahinchabadutundi. aasupatri prabhutva samstha dharmakartala mandalini itara moodu pratyeka aasupatrulato (philippean haart center, phillippeans oopiritittula kendram mariyu national kidney und transplant institute) panchukuntundi. eee setup karyanirvahaka uttarvu nem. 119 1987loe vidudala cheyabadindi.

filpine kaa bachon kaa tabee markaz filpine kaa bachon kaa tabee markaz hukumat kay zeer intezam bachon kaa hospital hay juu koizoon shehar metro maneela filpine mein hay. hospital batoor sarkaari malkiyat aur control corporation mohkamah sehat say mansalk hay. tareekh. filpine kay bachon kaa tabee markaz 10 agast 1979 kuu sadarati farmaan number 1 kay zariye lingsod aine jee kabatan (eel aine kay vovo 'bachon kaa shehar') kay toor parr qayem kiyaa gayaa thaa. 1631 sadr ferdinand marcos kay zariah jaari kiyaa gayaa. yaha farmaan bachay kay beenn alaqwami saal kay doraan jaari kiyaa gayaa thaa. 29 apreel 1980 kuu lingsod aine jee kabatan kaa iftatah eek taqrib mein kiyaa jaaye gaa jiss mein bartaniah kii shahzadi margaret nay sharkat kii thee. 23 joone 1980 cow wazaarat insani bastiyon kay tahat khaatun awal emelda marcos kii qayadat mein hospital faal how gayaa. hospital nay apnaa maujudah naam 12 januri 1987 kuu sadr korazon acano kay intezamiya kay doraan memorandam arder number 1 kay zariye apnaya. 2. pee see ayem see nay 47 faal tabee amley kay saath aaghaz kiyaa juu tasleem shadah pediatration aur pediatric sarjanon parr mushtamil thaa jinhon nay ibtadayi toor parr paish kii jaanay waali 4 tabee khidmaat kaa aaghaz kiyaa yauni: emboltry inn-patent kiar sarjari aur creatical kiar. taqriba asee waqat libartriyon kaa mohkamah aur jasmani bahaali yount bhee qayem kiyaa gayaa aur makmal toor parr faal how gayaa. 1983 say 1985 takk pee see ayem see nay mareezon kii deekh bhaal kii khadmaat rehaish aur felowship kii tarbiyat aur jaari tabee taleem mein apnee sargarmiyon kuu badhaya. jasmani bunyadi dahanchay mein behtari aur mazeed saros ajzaa kii takhliq 1980 kii dahayi kay aakhir mein taujah kaa markaz bunny. baad mein pediatric sarjari kay shobah kay tahat anisthezia kay saath saath pediatric medison kay shobah kay tahat neonatology pulmonology nephrology cardiology hematology aur alrajioloji jaisi pediatric zeeli khususiyat qayem kii gayein. pee see ayem see kay wazan kay mutabiq milk kaa aham pediatric center bannay kay liyay child neuro science department center faar development intervention parinatology department aur recerch department bhee asee tarah banaye gayey. idaarey kii tartiri nigahdasht kii sahuliyaat kuu mazboot karnay kay apnay maqsad kay saath 1989 mein pediatric dentistry aur child cycotry qayem kii gayein. 1990 kii dahayi kay doraan pee see ayem see nay apnay kaamon kuu behatar banana jaari rakhaa. ibtadayi hifazati aur promoto programon kii committy kay tahat mukhtalif akhtarayi sargarmiyon kaa ahtamam kiyaa gayaa. sadee kay ikhtatam kay doraan idaarah jaati jhalkiyon nay pediatric radiology aur pediatric gainkoloji jeesay nayey felowship tarbiti prograam mutaarif karaye. inn kii qayadat mein doctor. jolees almario lecuvence juu 2006 say execto director haine pee see ayem see nay satah IV training hospital kii manzori kuu barqarar rakhaa hay jiss mein 212 bastaron kii majaz gunjaish hay juu nauzaidah bachay say lay kirr 19 saal kii amar takk kay mareezon kay saath saath ziyadah khatray waali haamilah khwatin kii khadmat karti hay. sahuliyaat aur khidmaat. filpine kay bachon kay tabee markaz mein 200-300 bastaron kii gunjaish hay. yaha eek khaas markaz hay juu 19 saal aur iss say kumm amar kay logon kay saath saath ziyadah khatray waali haamilah khwatin kii zaruriyat kuu poraa kartaa hay. yaha idaarah bachon kii deekh bhaal aur tehqeeq mein maharat rakhta hay. pee see ayem see filpine mein bachon kay liye sabb say badaa aayee see yuu kii mezbani kartaa hay. iss mein sabb say badaa nauzaidah intehayi nigahdasht yount [neeko] hay juu peeri neetal kiar aur neo netology center kaa lazmi hasah hay. iss kaa child neurology aur neuro sarjari saros prograam jiss mein neuro development center bhee shaamil hay. iss mein bachon kii bahaali kii sahulat aur androni mareezon kay liye pediatric milty speciality kay saath saath beruni mareezon aur referrals kay liye cleank saros kay liye bhee hay. inn mein cancer aur haematology center vovo noamar markaz (noamar jamhuria) vovo bachon kay phephde dill garday aur jigar kaa markaz vovo bachon kii aham nigahdasht kaa markaz aur vovo baltarteeb aam bachon kii khidmaat aur jarahi aur mutaliqah tabee khidmaat kay liye tabee marakaz shaamil haine. jolayi 2013 mein nayee tameer shadah awo pee ddee emarat kuu balaakhir khususi deekh bhaal kay liye pee see ayem see mein bhejnay waalay khadmat kay mareezon kii badhti hoyee taadad kuu adjust karnay kay liye khool diyaa gayaa. pee see ayem see nay rotari kalb makti vest-guft aaf life international kay saath bhee sharakat daari kii juu eek beenn alaqwami ghair sarkaari tanzim hay juu paidaishi dall kii beemariyon mein mubtala mareezon kay liye duu open haart sarjari mashnon kii raah hamwaar karti hay jinhein dall kii sarjari kii zarurat hoti hay. iss saal kay aakhir mein iss nay hospital bhar mein apnee bahaali kaa aaghaz kiyaa juu emarat kuu mazboot bananay aur khadmat farahim kiye jaanay waalay gahikon kii hifazat kuu mahfuz bananay kay liye bunyadi dahanchay mein behtari hay. intezamiya. filpine kay bachon kay tabee markaz kaa intezam eek sarkaari malkiyat aur chalnay waali corporation (jee awo see) kay toor parr kiyaa jaataa hay juu mohkamah sehat say mansalk hay. hospital kii sarkaari farm deegar teen khususi hospitalon (filpine haart center filpine kaa phephadon kaa markaz aur national garday aur transplant insity teut) kay saath board aaf trusteez kaa ashtaraak karti hay. yaha tartib execto arder number kay mutabiq hay. 119 1987 mein jaari kiyaa gayaa.

fffd3f89b752191064fe12994a56f7f26d203547e28d91f779a22dd183f71125

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29419191

Pomaderris paniculosa

Pomaderris paniculosa Species of plant Pomaderris paniculosa, commonly known as scurfy pomaderris, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rhamnaceae and is native to Australia and New Zealand. It is a shrub with hairy branchlets, round to elliptic or egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base and panicles of hairy, cream-coloured to greenish, sometimes crimson-tinged flowers. Description. "Pomaderris paniculosa" is a shrub that typically grows to a height of , and has many branchlets with soft greyish to rust-coloured, star-shaped hairs. The leaves are round or elliptic to egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, the size depending on subspecies, with stipules long at the base, but that fall off as the leaf develops. The upper surface of the leaves is more or less glabrous, the lower surface densely covered with woolly white or rust-coloured, star-shaped hairs. The flowers are borne on the ends of branchlets or in leaf axils, usually in panicles, each flower on a short pedicel. The flowers are cream-coloured to greenish or tinged with crimson and densely covered with soft, star-shaped hairs. The size of the petal-like sepals varies with subspecies and there are no petals. Flowering occurs from July to November and the fuit is a capsule about long. Taxonomy. "Pomaderris paniculosa" was first formally described in 1858 by Siegfried Reissek in the journal "Linnaea: Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange" from an unpublished description by Ferdinand von Mueller. The specific epithet ("paniculosa") means "paniculate". In 1990, Neville Grant Walsh described two subspecies of "P. paniculosa" in the journal "Muelleria", and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census: In 1961, Lucy Moore described "Pomaderris oraria" var. "novae-zelandiae" in Harry Allan's "Flora of New Zealand" and in 1992, Walsh changed the name to "Pomaderris paniculosa" subsp. "novae-zelandiae" in the "New Zealand Journal of Botany". The name is accepted by the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Distribution and habitat. This pomaderris grows in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. In Western Australia, it grows along watercourse and near cliffs in the Esperance Plains biogeographic region, but subspecies "paralia" is only known from a single collection on Middle Island. In Victoria, subsp. "paniculosa" grows in shallow soil in mallee woodland in north-western areas of the state, subsp. "paralia" along cliffs and on dunes in near-coastal areas. In Tasmania, subsp. "paralia" is recorded from near-coastal sites along cliffs and near dunes in the north-east of the state, including on islands of the Furneaux Group and on King Island. The species is presumed extinct in New South Wales. Conservation status. In Western Australia, this species is listed as "not threatened" but subsp. "paralia" is listed as "Priority Two" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, meaning that it is poorly known and from only one or a few locations. In Tasmania, subsp. "paralia" is listed as "rare" under the Tasmanian Government "Threatened Species Protection Act 1995". References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

pomaderis paniculusa pomederis penikulusa, xadharonote scarfy pomederis naamere jonajat, ramnesi poriyalor ek projatir fulor udbhid aaru ee australia aaru newzealandor sthaniyo udbhid. ee hoise sulir daalor xoite etaa gulmo, brittakar poraa upobrittakar baa konir aakritir paator xoite xoru prantotu mulor faale aaru sulir, kreem rongor poraa xeujiya, ketiyaba resom rongor fulor penical. bornona. "pomederis penikulusa" hoise etaa gulmo ji xadharonote uschotar poraa briddhi paay, aaru iyar kumol dhuroniyar poraa jong-rongor, taroka-aakritir sulir bohutu xakha thaake. paatbur gulakar baa ondakar hoy aaru iyar murtur faale xoru pranto thaake, aakar upo-projatir uporot nirbhor kori, murtu dighol thaake, kintu paattu bikoxito huwar loge loge xeibur pori yaay. patburor uporor pristhobhag komm besi porimane soksoke hoy, tolor pristhotu ghonobhabe ulor bogaa baa jong rongor, tarkar aakritir sulire abrito. fulbur xakhar xexor faale baa paator okhyot, xadharonote penikolot, protitu ful etaa suti pedicalot jonmo hoy. fulbur kreem rongor poraa xeujiya baa ronga rongor hoy aaru kumol, tarkar aakritir sulire ghonobhabe abrito thaake. paporir dore paporir aakar upo-projati onuxori beleg beleg hoy aaru iyat kunu paapori nathake. julyr poraa novemboroloike ful fule aaru fiuttu pray dighol kepsul. shrenibinyax. "1858 sonot siegfried reiseke "liniah aain journal fur daai botanik inn ihrem ganzen umphenge" naamor journalot fardinand bhon muwelaror ek oprokaxito bornonar poraa "pomedris penikulusa" prothombaror baabe anusthanikbhabe bornona korisil. nirdisto bixexon ("paniculusa") ror ortho hoise "aatongkit". 1990 sonot nebhil grant walse "pi" ror dutaa upo-projatir bixoye bornona korisil. muweleriya" alusonikhonot "paniculusa", aaru australier udbhidor lukopiyole naambur grohon koriseh 1961 sonot luchi mure "pomaderis orariya" baarok bornona korisil. "heri elanor "flo" raa owo newzealand "too" nubhe-gelandia "aaru 1992 sonot walse naamtu xoloni kori" pomederis penikulusa "sabospo kore. "newzealand journal owo botani" too "nuwe-gelandia". newzealand udbhid xongrokhyon networke ei naamtu grohon korise. bitoron aaru baxosthan. ei pomedris poschim australia, dokhyin australia, victoria aaru tasmaniat briddhi paay. poschim australiat, ee joloprobahor kaxot aaru esperence xomobhumi joibobhougulik oncholor paharor usorot briddhi paay, kintu upo-projati "paralia" kewol modhyo dipor etaa xongrohor porai jonaa yaay. victoriat, sabospo. "penikulusa" rajyokhonor uttor-poschim oncholor malli bonbhumir ogobhir maatit upo-projatir poraa briddhi paay. "paralia" paharor paarot aaru nikot-upokuliyo oncholor balito. tasmaniyat, xabospo. "paralia" record rajyokhonor uttor-pubor paharor kaxot aaru tiller usoror usoror upokulor sthanxomuhor poraa lipibodho koraa hoy, jaar bhitorot aase fernex gutor dipxomuh aaru king dip. niu sauth welsot ei projatitu bilupto huwa buli onuman koraa hoy. xongrokhyonor sthiti. poschim australiat ei projatituk "bipodaponno nohoy" kintu upo-projati hisape talikabhukto koraa hoise. "paralia" koo poschim australia sorkaror joibo boisitryo, xongrokhyon aaru aakorxon bibhagor dwara "ogradhikar dutaa" hisape talikabhukto koraa hoise, orthat ee komm porimane jonaa yaay aaru maatro etaa baa keitaman sthanor poraa. tasmaniyat, xabospo. "paraliak tusmanian sorkaror" "bipodaponno projati xurokhya aain 1995" "ror odhinot" "birol" "hisape talikabhukto koraa hoise.

pomaderis paniculosa pomaderis paniculosa, jaa sadharonoto scarfi pomaderis naame porichito, holl ramnessi poribarer ekti sapushpak udbhid prajati ebong etty australia oo newzealander sthaniya udbhid. etty ekti gulm jaar lomojukto shakha royeche, brittakar theke upobrittakar baa dimer akritir paata royeche jaar prantoti neecher dike sangkirna ebong chuler panicle, crim ronger theke sobuj, kokhono kokhono laal ronger phul. bornona. "pomaderis paniculosa" ekti gulm jaa sadharonoto uchchota porjonto briddhi paay ebong err norom dhusar theke jong-ronger, taaraa-akritir chull soho anekguli shakha royeche. pataguli golakar baa upobrittakar theke dimer akritir hoy ebong godar dike sangkirna pranto thaake, akarti upoprojatir upor nirbhar korey, godaay deergho shorto soho, tobey patar bikasher saathe saathe seguli porey yaay. patar uporer pristhoti kambeshi chokchoke, neecher pristhoti ghonovabe poshomojukto saadaa baa jong-ronger, taaraa-akritir chull diye abrito. fulguli shakhagulir prante baa patar okkhogulite jonmai, sadharonoto panicley, protiti phul ekti chhoto pedicale. fulguli crim ronger theke sobuj baa lalche ronger hoy ebong norom, taaraa-akritir chull diye ghonovabe abrito thaake. papdir moto papdir akaar upo-projatir upor nirbhar korey ebong konao papdi nei. phul julai theke navembar porjonto phote ebong fute pray lomba capsul. taxonomy. "1858 saale siegfried reisek fardinand vone mueller ekti aprokashito bornona theke "linia aain journal phara dye botanic inn ihrem gangen umfange" journale "pomaderis paniculosa" prothom anusthanikbhabe bornona korechilen. nirdishto biseshon ("paniculosa")-err ortho "atongkito". 1990 saale, neville granta walsh "pii"-err duti upo-prajati bornona corren. muelleria" journale paniculosa ebong namguli australian udbhid adamshumari dwara grihito hoyeche 1961 saale luci moor pomaderis oraria bharer bornona deena. "harry alaner 'flora off newzealand'-ayee 'nova-gelandia' ebong 1992 saale, walsh naam poriborton korey 'pomaderis paniculosa' subsp. "" "newzealand journal off botani" "-teey" "nova-gelandia" ". namti newzealand udbhid sanrakkhan network dwara grihito hoyeche. bitoron ebong basosthan. eyi pomaderis poschim australia, dakkhin australia, victoria ebong tasmania jonmai. poschim australia, etty esperance samabhumir joibo bhougolik anchaler jaldhara borabor ebong pahader kachakachi briddhi paay, tobey upo-prajati "paralia" cable modhyo dweeper ekti sangraha theke jaanaa yaay. victoria, subsp. "paniculosa" rajyer uttor-poschim anchaler malli bonovumir agabhir matite upo-prajati hisabe jonmai. "paralia" pahader dhaare ebong nicot-upokuliyo anchale balir upor. tasmania, subsp. "rajyer uttor-purbe pahader dhaare ebong balir kachakachi upokulborti sthanguli theke "paralia" nothibhukto koraa hoyeche, jaar modhye royeche fernio gosthir dweeppunjo ebong king dweeppunjo. projatiti neu south wellsey bilupto boley money koraa hoy. sanrakkhaner abostha. poschim australia, eyi projatiti "biponno noy" kintu upo-prajati hisabe talikabhukto. "poschim australian sarkarer jeebboichitro, sanrakkhan oo akarshan bibhag dwara "paralia" keey "agradhikar dui" hisabe talikabhukto koraa hoyeche, jaar ortho etty khub komoi porichito ebong shudhumatra ekti baa koyekti sthan theke. tasmania, subsp. "tasmanian sarkarer" "biponno prajati surakkha aain 1995" "-err adhine" "paralia" "keey" "biral" "hisabe talikabhukto koraa hoyeche.

pomaderis paniculosa pomaderis paniculosa, jene saamanya reete scurfy pomaderis tareeke odakhvaamaa aave chhe, teey ramnessi kutumbamaa foolnaa chhodni aek prajaati chhe aneey teey austreliya aneey newzealandnee vatnee chhe. teey vaadvala daaleeo saathenu zadva chhe, golthee lambgol athavaa indaana aakaarnaa pandadao, jeno anta aadhaar taraf saankado hoya chhe aneey vaadvala, cream ranganaathi leela rangnaa, kyarek kiramji rangnaa foolonaa panicals hoya chhe. varnan. "pomaderis paniculosa" aek zadva chhe jeey saamanya reete unchai sudhee vadhe chhe, aneey temaa naram bhukharaathi rust-rangeen, taaraa aakaarnaa vaad saathe ghanee shaakhao hoya chhe. pandada gola athavaa lambgolthi indaana aakaarnaa hoya chhe, jeno anta aadhaar taraf saankado hoya chhe, qada petajationa aadhare hoya chhe, jemaa aadhaar parr laambaa sharato hoya chhe, parantu pandada vikase tema teey puddy jaay chhe. pandadaoni uparnee sapaati lagbhag chalaktaa hoya chhe, neechali sapaati oonee safed athavaa rust rangnaa, taaraa aakaarnaa vaadthee gaadh reete dhankayeli hoya chhe. phoolo shakhaona chheda parr athavaa pandadani akshamaa, saamanya reete paniclesmaa, darek phool tunkaa pedicale parr janme chhe. phoolo kreemthi leela rangnaa hoya chhe athavaa kiramji rangnaa hoya chhe aneey naram, taaraa aakaarnaa vaadthee gaadh reete dhankayela hoya chhe. pankhadio jevee pankhdionu qada petajatio anusaar badalaay chhe aneey temaa koee pankhadio hotee nathee. phool julythi november sudhee aave chhe aneey aaa fooit lagbhag laambi capsule hoya chhe. vargikaran. "pomaderis paniculosa" noon aupcharik varnan saupratham saupratham siegfried resec dwara "linia aena journal phara dye botanic ina ihrem genzen umfange" journalma ferdinand voona mueller dwara aprakashit varnanmathi karvaamaa aavyu hatoo. chokkas upnaam ("paniculosa") noow arth thaay chhe "gabharaat". "gabharaat", neville grant walshe "pii" nee beey petajationu varnan karyoo hatoo. muelleria" journalma paniculosa, aneey naamone australian plant sensus dwara svikarvama aave chheh chheh, lucie moore "pomaderis oraria" vaarnu varnan karyoo hatoo. "herry aelannee 'flora off newzealand' maan 'nova-zelendia' aneey aneey, walshe tenu naam badaline 'pomaderis paniculosa' subsp karyoo. "newzealand journal off botanimaa" "nova-zelendia". " aaa naam newzealand plant conservation network dwara svikarvama aavyu chhe. vitaran aneey nivassthan. aaa pomaderis pashchim austreliya, dakshin austreliya, viktoriya aneey tasmaniyama uge chhe. pashchim australiyama, teey asparence medanona jaiv bhaugolik pradeshmaa jalmaarg aneey khadakoni najik uge chhe, parantu petajati "paralia" maatra madhya taapu parnaa aek sangrahmathi jaj odakhaay chhe. viktoriyaamaa, subsp. "paniculosa" rajyanaa uttar-pashchim vistaroma malli jangalma chhichhari jameenma upaje chhe. "paralia" khadako saathe aneey najiknaa dariyakanthana vistaroma tekarao parr. tasmaniyama, subsp. "paralia" rajyanaa uttar-purvamaa khadako aneey tekarao najiknaa najiknaa dariyakanthana sthalomathi nondhvaamaa aave chhe, jemaa ferniox juthanaa taapuo aneey king eyelandno samaavesh thaay chhe. aaa prajaati nyu south velsamaa lupt thaee gaee hovaanu manvama aave chhe. sanrakshanni sthitee. pashchim australiyama, aaa prajatine "jokhamma nathee" parantu petaa prajaati tareeke soochibaddh karvaamaa aavee chhe. "paralia" neey pashchimi australian sarkaarnaa jaivavividhta, sanraxan aneey aakarshanona vibhag dwara "prathmikta beey" tareeke soochibaddh karvaamaa aavyu chhe, jeno arth chhe keey teey maatra aek athavaa thodaa sthaloaethi jaj nabalu jaanitu chhe. tasmaniyama, subsp. "paraliane tasmanian sarkaarnaa" "jokhami prajaati sanraxan adhiniyam 1995" "hethal" "durlabh" "tareeke soochibaddh karvaamaa aavee chhe".

pomedaris paniculosa pomedaris paniculosa, jise aamtaur parr scurfey pomedaris key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, ramnessi parivaar mein foolon key paudhe kii ack prajaati haye aur australia aur newzealand kaa mool nivasi haye. yeh ack jhaadi haye jisamen baalon vaali shaakhaaen hoti hain, goal seey dirghvrittakar yaa andey key aakar key patte hotey hain, joe aadhar kii or sankeern chhor key saath hotey hain aur baalon key panicals, cream rung seey harey rung key, kabhi-kabhi laal rung key phool hotey hain. varnan. "pomedaris paniculosa" ack jhaadi haye joe aamtaur parr ack oonchaai taka badhati haye, aur isamen naram bhoore seey jung key rung key, taaron key aakar key baalon key saath kaee shaakhaaen hoti hain. pattiyan goal yaa andakar seey andey key aakar kii hoti hain, jiska chhor aadhar kii or sankeern hotaa haye, aakar upa-prajaatiyon parr nirbhar kartaa haye, aadhar parr lambe samay taka sthit hotaa haye, lekin jaise-jaise patta vikasit hotaa haye, way gir jaate hain. pattiyon kii oopari satah kamobesh chamakdaar hoti haye, nichali satah oonee safed yaa jung key rung key, taaron key aakar key baalon seey ghanee roop seey dhaki hoti haye. phool shaakhaon key siron parr yaa patti key aksh mein, aamtaur parr panicals mein, pratyek phool ack chhote seey pedical parr paida hotey hain. phool cream seey harey rung key hotey hain yaa laal rung key hotey hain aur naram, taaron key aakar key baalon seey ghaney dhanke hotey hain. pankhudiyon jaise seepalon kaa aakar upa-prajaatiyon key saath bhinn hotaa haye aur koee pankhudiyan naheen hoti hain. phool julaai seey navambar taka aataa haye aur fute lagbhag lamba capsule hotaa haye. vargeekaran. "pomedaris paniculosa" kaa pahali baar aupchaarik roop seey 1858 mein sigfried resec dwara "linneyaah aina journal farr dye botanic inn ihrem gangen umfainj" patrika mein ferdinand wonn mueller dwara ack aprakaashit vivaran seey varnan kiya gayaa thaa. vishisht visheshan ("paniculosa") kaa arth haye "ghabaraaen". 1990 mein, neville grant walsh ney "pee" kii dou upa-prajaatiyon kaa varnan kiya. muelleria" patrika mein paniculosa, aur naam australiyai paadap janganana dwara sweekaar kiye jaate hainh 1961 mein, luci moor ney "pomedaris oraria" vaar kaa varnan kiya. "noway-zlandia" hairi ellen kii "nyu zeeland kii vanaspati" mein aur 1992 mein, walsh ney naam badalkar "pomedaris paniculosa" upa-naam curr diyaa. "newzealand journal off botany" mein "noway-zlandia". yeh naam newzealand key paadap sanrakshan network dwara sweekaar kiya gayaa haye. vitaran aur nivaas sthaan. yeh pomedaris paschimi australia, dakshin australia, victoria aur tasmania mein ugataa haye. paschimi australia mein, yeh jalmarg key saath aur asparence maidani jaiv bhaugolik kshetra mein chattanon key paas ugataa haye, lekin upa-prajaati "paralia" kewal madhya dweep parr ack sangrah seey jaanaa jaataa haye. victoria mein, upa. "paniculosa" raajya key uttar-paschimi kshetron mein malli jangal mein uthali mitty mein ugataa haye. "parlia" chattanon key saath aur nikat-tateey kshetron mein teelon parr. tasmania mein, upa. "paralia" raajya key uttar-poorv mein chattanon key saath aur teelon key paas key nikat tateey sthalon seey darj kiya gayaa haye, jisamen fernio samooh key dweepon aur king dweep parr bhee shamil haye. nyu south wells mein iss prajaati koo vilupt maanaa jaataa haye. sanrakshan kii sthiti. paschimi australia mein, iss prajaati koo "khatare mein naheen" lekin upa-prajaati key roop mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye. "pairaliya" koo paschimi australiyai sarkaar key jaiv vividhata, sanrakshan aur aakarshan vibhaag dwara "prathamikta dou" key roop mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye, jiska arth haye kii yeh kewal ack yaa kuchh sthaanon seey cumm jaanaa jaataa haye. tasmania mein, upa. "peralia" koo tasmanian sarkaar key "" sankatgrast prajaati sanrakshan adhiniyam 1995 "" key tahat "" durlabh "" key roop mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye.

pomaderis paniculosa samanyavagi scurfy pomaderis endu kareyalaaguva pomaderis paniculosa, ramnesi kutumbada hoobiduva sasyada ondu jatiyagiddu, idu australia mattu nyoojilendge sthaliyavaagide. idu koodalulla kombegalannu hondiruva podesasyavagiddu, dundaagi andaakaarada athawa motteya aakaarada elegalannu hondiddu, talada kadege kiridaada tudiyannu mattu koodalulla, kene bannada hasiru, kelavomme kandu bannada hoovugala paniclegalannu hondide. vivarane. "pomaderis paniculosa" embudu samanyavagi ettarakke beleyuva podesasyavagiddu, mrudu boodubannadinda tukku bannada, nakshatrada aakaarada koodalugalannu hondiruva aneka kombegalannu hondide. elegalu dundaagiruttave athawa andaakaaradinda motteya aakaaradalliruttave, talada kadege kiridaada tudiyannu hondiruttave, gatravu upavargagalannu avalambisiruttade, taladalli uddavaada sharattugalannu hondiruttade, aadare ele beledante avu beeluttave. elegala melina melmai hecchu kadime holapu, kelagina melmai unneya bili athawa tukku bannada, nakshatrada aakaarada koodalugalinda dattavaagi muchchiruttade. hoovugalu kombegala tudiyalli athawa eleya aksagalalli, samanyavagi pyanikalgalalli, prati hoovannu sanna pedikalnalli huttuttave. hoovugalu kene bannadinda hasiru bannakke athawa kandu bannadinda koodiruttave mattu mruduvaada, nakshatrada aakaarada koodalugalinda dattavaagi muchchalpaduttave. daladantaha dalagala gatravu upavargagalige anugunavagi badalaaguttade mattu dalagalilla. hoobiduvikeyu julaininda november varege nadeyuttade mattu fute sumaru uddavaada capsul aagide. vargeekarana. "pomaderis paniculosa" annu modala baarige 1858 ralli seagfried resec avaru "linneya ain journal farr dye botanic inn ihrem ganzen umphanj" emba jarnalnalli furdinand vaan mueller avara aprakatita vivaraneyinda oupachaarikavaagi vivarisiddaare. nirdishta visheshana ("paniculosa") endare "gabari" endartha. endartha, neville grant walsh avaru "pii" yaya eradu upavargagalannu vivarisiddaare. muelleria" niyatakaalikadalli "paniculosa", mattu hesarugalannu australian sasya janaganatiyu angeekarisideh angeekarisideh, luci moor avaru "pomaderis orea" varr annu vivarisiddaare. "harry alan avara 'flora off newzealand' nalli 'noway-gelandia' mattu 1992 ralli, walsh tanna hesarannu 'pomaderis paniculosa' upabhaga endu badalaayisidaru. "" "newzealand journal off botani" "yalli" "nova-gelandia". " ee hesarannu newzealand sasya samrakshana jaalavu oppikondide. vitarane mattu aavasasthaana. ee pomaderis paschima australia, daksina australia, victoria mattu tusmaniyadalli beleyuttade. paschima aastreliyaadalli, idu jalamaargadalli mattu esperence bayalugala jaivika bhougolika pradeshada bandegala bully beleyuttade, aadare upavarga "paralia" annu madhya dweepadalliruwa onde sangrahadinda maatra kareyalaaguttade. viktoriyaadalli, sub. "paniculosa" rajyada vayuvya pradeshagalallina mallie kaadinalli aalavillada manninalli beleyuttade. "bandegala uddakkoo mattu karavali pradeshagala sameepaviruva dibbagala mele "paralia". tusmaniyadalli, sub. "paralia" vannu rajyada eeshaanyadalliruva bandegala uddakkoo mattu dibbagala hattirada karavali pradeshagalinda daakhalisalaagide, idaralli fernix gumpina dweepagalu mattu king dweepawoo seride. ee prabhedavu nyoo south velsnalli alivinanchinallide endu bhaavisalaagide. samrakshana sthiti. paschima aastreliyaadalli, ee prabhedavannu "apayadallilla" aadare upa prabheda endu patti maadalaagide. "paschima aastreliyaada sarkaarada jivavaividhyate, samrakshane mattu akarshanegala ilakheyu "paralia" annu "aadyateya eradu" endu patti maadide, andare idu kalapeyagi tilidide mattu kevala ondu athawa kelavu sthalagalinda maatra. tusmaniyadalli, sub. "1995rahra tusmanian sarkaarada" "alivinanchinalliruva prabhedagala samrakshana kaayide" "yaya adiyalli" "paralia" "annu" "aparupa" "endu patti maadalaagide".

pomaderis paniculosa australiyayilum nyoosilandilum kaanapedunna ramnezi kudumbatthile poochedikalude oru inamaanu scurfy pomaderis ennariyappedunna pomaderis paniculosa. romamullah shaakhakalulla, vrithaakruthiyilullathum deerghavrithaakrithiyilullathum muttayude aakruthiyilullathumaaya elakalulla oru kuttichediyaanithu, adiyil idungiya attavum romamullathum cream niramullathum pachaniramullathum chilappol chuvapp niramullathumaaya pookkalude paanikkalukalum undu. vivaranam. "pomaderis paniculosa" saadhaaranayaayi uyarathil valarunna oru kuttichediyaanu, koodaathe mriduvaaya chaaraniratthil ninnu thurumbulla niramulla, nakshatra aakruthiyilulla mudiyulla niravadhi shaakhakalundu. elakal vrithaakruthiyilullatho deerghavrithaakrithiyilullatho aaya muttayude aakruthiyilullatho adibhaagathekku idungiya attamullatho, upajaathikale aashrayich valippamullatho, adiyil neelamullatho aaya avasthakalullatho aanenkilum ila vikasikkumbol avaa veezhunnu. elakalude mukal uparithalam erekkure thilakkamullathum thaazhathe uparithalam kambili vellayo thurumbulla niramo ulla nakshatra aakruthiyilulla romangalaal moodappettathumaanu. pookkal shaakhakalude attatho ila achuthandukalilo, saadhaaranayaayi panicalukalilo, oro poovum oru cheria pedicalil janikkunnu. pookkalkku cream niramo pachayo allengil chuvapp niramo ullathum mriduvaaya, nakshatra aakruthiyilulla romangalaal idathoornna moodappettathumaanu. dalangal polulla dalangalude valippam upajaathikale aashrayich vyathyaasappedunnu, dalangalilla. juulai muthal november vare poovidukayum ekadesham neelamulla oru gulikayaanu fute. vargeekaranam. "1858ll seagfried resec, ferdinand voonn muellerude prasidheekarikkappedaathu vivaranathil ninnu "linnia ainn jenal phur dye botanic ihrem ganzen umphanch" enna jenalil "pomaderis paniculosa" aadyamaayi aupachaarikamaayi vivarichu. nirddishta namam ("paniculosa") ennaal "paribhraantharaakuka" ennaanu ardhamaakkunnathu. 1990ll nevil graant walsh "pii" yude rund upajaathikale vivarichu. mularia" enna jenalile "paniculosa", australian plaant sensus namangal amgeekarikkunnu 1961ll lucie muur "pomaderis oraria" vaarinekkurich vivarichu. "haari alante 'flora oof nyoosiland' enna kruthiyile 'noway-selandia' enna perilum 1992ll walsh peru 'pomaderis paniculosa' enna upashaakhayaayum maatti. "nyoosilaand jenal oof botaniyil" "noway-selandia". " nyoosilaand sasyasamrakshana shringhala eee peru sweekarichu. vitharanavum aavaasavyavasthayum. padinjaaran austreliya, thekkan austreliya, victoria, tasmania ennividangalil eee pomedaris valarunnu. padinjaaran austreliyayil, ithu jalapaathayilum esperence samathalangalile jaiva bhoomishaasthra mekhalayile paarakalkkadutthum valarunnu, ennaal upajathikalaaya "paralia" maddhya dveepile orotta shekharathil ninnu maathrame ariyoo. victoriyayil, sub. pii. "samsthaanathinte vadakkupadinjaaran pradeshangalile malli vanapradeshangalile aazham kuranja mannil "paniculosa" valarunnu. "theerapradeshangalile paarakkettukalilum manalkkunnukalilum "paralia". tasmaniyayil, subsp. "furnio groupinte dveepukalilum king ailandilum ulppede samsthaanathinte vadakkukizhakkan mekhalayile paarakkettukalilum manalkkunnukalilum theerapradeshangalkaduthulla sthalangalil ninnu "paralia" rekhappeduthiyittundu. nyoo southu veyilsil eee inam vamshanasham sambhavichathayi karuthappedunnu. samrakshana nila. padinjaaran austreliyayil, eee inathe "vamshanaashabheeshani neridaattha" ennaal upajathiyaayi pattikappedutthiyittundu. "padinjaaran australian gavanmentinte jaivavaividhyam, samrakshanam, akarshanangal ennivayude vakupp "paralia" yeei "munganana randaayi" pattikappedutthiyittundu, athaayath ithu onno athiladhikamo sthalangalil ninnu maathrame ariyappedunnulloo. tasmaniyayil, subsp. "1995 leeii tusmanian gavanmentinte vamshanaashabheeshani neridunna speeshees protection act prakaram 'paralia' 'apoorva' inamaayi pattikappedutthiyittundu.

pomaderis paniculosa pomaderis paniculosa, jyala samanyatah scurfey pomaderis mhanoon olakhale jaate, hii ramnessy kutumbatil fulanchya vanaspatichi eka prajati aahe aanee tee moolchi austreliya aanee newzealandchi aahe. heey eka zudup aahe jyat kesanchi fandi, golakar teey lambvartulakar kinwa andyachya aakarachi paaney aahet, jyancha toke talakade arund asato aanee kesanche, malai rangache teey hirave, kadhikadhi laal rangachi phule asatat. varnan. "pomaderis paniculosa" heey eka zudup aahe jeey samanyatah unchiparyant vadhate aanee tyat mauu rakhadi teey ganj-rangache, mauu aakarache cases asalele anek fandya asatat. paaney golakar kinwa andakar teey andyachya aakarachi asatat aanee payachya dishene tokdar toke asate, aakar upprajatinvar avalambun asato, payathyashi lamb pattya asatat, parantu paaney vikasit hott asatana tyaa padatat. panancha varcha prushthbhag qamee-adhik pramanat chamakdar asato, khalcha prushthbhag lokariyukt lokariyukt kinwa ganjyukt, ganjyukt aakarachya kesanni datpane jhakalela asato. phule fandyanchya tokanvar kinwa pananchya akshanmadhye, sahasa patalanmadhye, pratyek phule lahan pedicalver ugavatat. phule malai rangachi teey hiravya rangachi kinwa lalsar rangachi asatat aanee mauu, mauu aakarachya kesanni datpane jhakaleli asatat. pakalyasarkhya pakalyancha aakar upprajatinnusar badalato aanee pakalya nasatat. phule julai teey novembarparyant yetat aanee fute hii sumare lamb capsule asate. vargikaran. "ferdinand wonn mueller yanchya aprakashit varnanatoon 1858 madhye siegfried resec yanni 'linia ain journal phara dye botanic inn ihrem ganzon umphange' yaa niyatkalikat 'pomaderis paniculosa' chey aupcharik varnan kele hote. vishisht visheshan ('paniculosa') mhanje 'ghabarat'. 1990 madhye, neville grant walsh yanni 'pii' chya done upprajatinche varnan kele. paniculosa "muelleria" yaa niyatkalikat aahe aanee nave austreliyan vanaspati jangananedware sweekarli jaatatah 1961 madhye, lucie moorne 'pomedris oraria' varche varnan kele. "harry alanchya 'flora auph newzealand' madheel 'novey-zelandia' aanee 1992 madhye valshane naav badaloon 'pomaderis paniculosa' upkhand kele. "newzealand journal auph botanimadhye" "novey-zelandia". " newzealandchya vanaspati sanwardhan jaalyane heey naav sweekarle aahe. vitaran aanee adhivas. heey pomaderis paschim austreliya, dakshin austreliya, victoriya aanee tasmaniyamadhye vadhate. paschim austreliyamadhye, too jalmargavar aanee esperence maidani jaivbhaugolik pradeshatil kadyanjaval vadhato, parantu upprajati "paralia" fakt madhalya betavaril ekach sangrahatoon dnyat aahe. victoria, subsp. "rajyachya vayavya bhagatil malli jangalatil uthal matimadhye 'paniculosa' qamee pramanat vadhato. "kadyanjavalachya bhagat kadyanvar aanee tekdyanvar "parlia". tasmaniyamadhye, subsp. "fernio samoohachya betansah aanee king eyelands rajyachya ishanyekadil kadyanvaril aanee tekdyanjavalachya kinarpattichya jawalpasachya sthalanvarun 'paralia' nondavala jaato. nyu south velsmadhye hii prajati namshesh jhaali aahe asey manale jaate. sanrakshanachi sthitee. paschim austreliyamadhye, hii prajati 'dhokyat nahee' parantu upaprajati mhanoon soochibaddha aahe. "paschim austreliya sarkarchya jaivavividhata, sanwardhan aanee aakarshane vibhagane 'paralia' laa 'pradhanya done' mhanoon soochibaddha kele aahe, mhanje teey qamee dnyat aahe aanee keval eka kinwa kahee thikanahun aahe. tasmaniyamadhye, subsp. "tusmanian sarkarchya" "dhokyat asalelya prajati sanrakshn kayada 1995" "antargat" "paralia" "haah" "durmil" "mhanoon soochibaddha aahe".

pomaderis paniculosa pomaderis paniculosa, jaslai samanyataya scurfy pomaderis bhanera chininchha, ramnesia pariwarma full fulne botko ek prajati how rar australia rar newzealandko muel niwasi how. yo kapalka shakhaharu bhaeko jhadi how, goldekhi andakar wa anda akarka patharu adhartira sanghuro chheuma rar kapal, crim rangdekhi hariyo, kahilekaahin rato rangka fulharuko panicleharu. warnan. "pomaderis paniculosa" euta jhadi how june samanyataya uchaisamma badhcha, rar naram khairodekhi rust-rung, tara-akarka kapalharuka sath dherai shakhaharu hunchhan. patharu goal wa andako akarma andako akarma andako akarma hunchhan, adhartira sanghuro antya hunchha, akar upaprajatiko adharma nirbhar gardacha, adharma lamo sartaharu hunchhan, tara paat wiksit bhaepachi tyo khascha. patko mathillo sataha kamobesh chamkilo hunchha, tallo sataha una seto wa rust-rung, tara-akarka kapalharule dhakieko hunchha. fulharu shakhako chheuma wa patko akshama, samanyataya paniclesma, pratyek full chhoto pedikelma janmanchha. fulharu crim rangdekhi hariyo wa lall rangle rangko hunchhan rar naram, tara akarka kapalharule ghana dhakieka hunchhan. pankhudijasta sepalko akar upaprajatianusar bhinna hunchha rar tyahan kunai pankhudi hundainan. full julydekhi novembersamma fulchha rar feut lagbhag lamo capsul how. wargikaran. "pomaderis paniculosa" pahilo patak aupacharik rupma 1858 maa siegfried resekdwara journal "linneyaha aina journal ferr dye botanic inn ihrem gangen umphanz" maa ferdinand bhon muellerko aprakashit warnanbata warnan garieko thiyo. wishishta visheshan ("paniculosa") ko artha "atangkit" how. sann 1990 maa, nebhil grant walsle "pee" kaa dui upaprajatilai warnan gare. muelleria" patrikama paniculosa, rar namharu astreliyali botabiruwa janagananadwara swikar garieko chhah sann 1961 maa, luci murle "pomaderis oraria" warko warnan gare. "harry elanko "flora aff newzealand" maa "nova-gelandia" rar sann 1992 maa, walsle naam pariwartan gari "pomaderis paniculosa" subsp gare. "newzealand journal aff botany" maa "nova-zelandia". naam newzealand plant sanrakshan networkdwara swikar garieko chha. witaran rar awas. yo pomaderis paschimi astrelia, dakshin astrelia, victoria rar tasmaniama badhcha. paschimi astreliama, yo asparence maidan jaivik bhaugolik kshetrama jalmarg rar chattanharu najikai badhcha, tara upaprajati "paralia" madhya tapuko ekal sangrahabata matra thaha hunchha. victoriama, subsp. "paniculosa" rajyako uttar-paschimi kshetraharuma malli wanma uthalo matoma badhcha. "chattanharu rar najikaiko tatiya kshetraharuma tilaharuma "paralia". tasmaniama, subsp. "paralia" rajyako uttar-purvama chattanharu rar tilaharu najikaika tatiya sthalharubata record garieko chha, jasma fernio samuhako tapuharu rar raja tapuma samawesh chha. yo prajati nyu south welsma vilupta bhaeko anuman garieko chha. sanrakshan sthiti. paschimi astreliama, yo prajati "khatarama chhaina" tara upa-prajatiko rupma suchibadha chha. "paralia" lai paschimi australiali sarkarko jaiva vividhata, sanrakshan rar akarshan vibhagdwara "prathamikta dui" ko rupma suchibadha garieko chha, yasako artha yo thorai gyat chha rar kewal ek wa kehi sthanharubata. tasmaniama, subsp. "peralia" "tasmanian sarkarko" "khatarama pareko prajati sanrakshan aina 1995" "antargat" "durlabh" "ko rupma suchibadha chha.

pomaderis paniculosa pomaderis paniculosa, sadharanatah scorfey pomaderis bhabare janashuna, ramnesia paribarara eka prajati phul gacha ebong ehaa astrelia ebong nyujilyandara moola basinda . ehaa eka jhadijhadi, jahara keshjukta shakha, bruttakararu deerghabruttakara kimba anda aakrutira patra, jahara talabhaga aadaku sankirna pranta ebong keshjukta, cream-rangaru sabuja, belebele laal rangara phulara panicles . barnana. "pomaderis paniculosa" heuchhi eka jhadi jaahaa sadharanatah uchchata parjyanta badhithae, ebong naram dhusararu rust-ranga, taaraa-aakrutira kesh sahita aneka shakha thaae . patragudika golakara kimba andakara akarara hoithae ebong talabhaga aadaku sankuchita pranta thaae, aakaar upaprajati upare nirbhara kare, talabhagare lamba sthiransha sahita, kintu patra bikashita heba sahita taaha khasi pade . patrara upara prustha praiah ujjwala, tala prusthati ghana bhabe pasham dhalaa kimba jangha-ranga, taaraa-aakrutira keshare aachadita . phulgudika shakha gudikar shesh bhagare kimba patra akshare, sadharanatah panicle ray, pratyeka phul eka chhot pedicale ray janma hue . phulgudika cream-rangaru sabuja kimba laal rangara hoithae ebong naram, taaraa aakrutira keshare ghana bhabare aachadita hoithae . papadi bhali papadira aakaar upaprajati anusare bhinna hoithae ebong ethire kaunasi papadi nathaae. julyru navember maasa parjyanta phul asithae ebong fute praiah lamba eka capsule . bargikarana. "pomaderis paniculosa" ku 1858 masihare siegfried reseknka dwara fordinand bhann muelaranka eka aprakashita barnanaru "linijah ine journal pharr dye botanic inn ihrem ganjen umphanj" patrikare aanusthanika bhabare barnana karajaithila. nirdista biseshana ("paniculosa") rahr artha heuchhi "aatankita". 1990 masihare, nebhila grant walsha "pii" rahr duiti upaprajati bishajare barnana karithile. muelleria" patrikare "" paniculosa ", ebong namagudika astreliah udbhida janganana dwara grahan karajaichihi 1961 masihare, luci muura "pomaderis oraria" bhaar bishajare barnana karithile. "nobha-gelandia" harry alananka "flora off nyujilanda" ray ebong 1992 ray, walsha naama paribartana curry "pomaderis paniculosa" sabpa karithile. "nyujilanda journal off botanire" "nobha-gelandia" ". ehi namati nyujilanda udbhida sanrakhyana netawarka dwara grahan karajaichi. bunton ebong basasthana. ehi pomaderis paschima astrelia, dakhina astrelia, victoria ebong tasamaniare badhithae . paschima astreliaare, ehaa jalaprabaha ebong esperence samatala jaiba-bhougolika anchalara pahad nikatare badhithae, kintu upaprajati "paralia" kebala madhya dwepare gotie sangraharu janaa . bhiktoriaare, sabaspire. "paniculosa" rajyara uttara-paschima anchalara malli jangalare agabhira maatire upa-upajati bhabare badhithae . "paralia" pahad koolare ebong nikata-upakula anchalare balia upare . tasamaniare, sabaspi. "ferniax gosthira dwepapunja ebong kinga dwepa sameth rajyara uttara-purbare pahad ebong balia nikatare thiba nikata-upakula sthanaru "paralia" record karajaichi . ehi prajatiti nyu south welsre bilupta hoijaithiba anumana karajae . sanrakhyana sthiti. paschima astreliaare, ehi prajati "bipadagrasta nuhen" kintu upa-prajati bhabare talikabhukta hoichhi . "paralia" ku paschima astrelia sarakaranka jaiba bibidhata, sanrakhyana ebong akarshana bibhaga dwara "prathamikata dui" bhabare talikabhukta karajaichi, arthat ehaa comm janashuna ebong kebala gotie kimba alpa kichhi sthanaru . tasamaniare, sabaspi. "tasmania sarakaranka" "bipadagrasta prajati surakhya adhiniam 1995" "anujai" "paralia" "ku" "birala" "bhabare talikabhukta karajaichi.

pomedris paniculosa pomederis paniculosa, aam taur utte scruffy pomederis vajon janhiaa jaanda haii, ih parivaar ramnesi witch fullan dey paude dee ikk prajati haii atey australia atey newzealand daa mool nivasi haii. ih ikk jhaadi haii jiss witch vaalan valiaan shakhavan hundiaan hunn, goal toon andakar jaan andey dey aakaar dey patte hunde hunn atey adhaar vall tang sire atey vaalan vaale, kareem-rung toon harey, kaee vaar laal rung dey fullan dey panical hunde hunn. varnan. "pomedris paniculosa" ikk jhaadi haii joe aam taur utte ikk uchaee takk uggadi haii, atey iss witch naram slaty toon jangal-rung dey, taara-aakaar dey vaalan dey naal bahut saariaan shakhavan hundiaan hunn. patte goal jaan andakar toon andey dey aakaar dey hunde hunn atey adhaar vall tang sire dey naal, aakaar upp-prajatiaan dey adhaar teey, adhaar 'teey lambe stapule dey naal, parr patta dey vikas dey naal ih digg jaande hunn. pattiaan dee uparli satah ghatt jaan ghatt chamakdar hundi haii, hethli satah unn dey chitte jaan jangal dey rung dey, taara dey aakaar dey vaalan naal sanghani dhakki hundi haii. full shakhavan dey sire jaan patte dey dhura witch paida hunde hunn, aam taur utte panical witch, harek full ikk chhote pedical utte hunda haii. full kareem-rung toon harey jaan laal rung dey hunde hunn atey naram, taara-aakaar dey vaalan naal sanghane dhakk jaande hunn. pankhdiaan varge pankhdiaan daa aakaar upp-prajatiaan dey anusar vakkhra hunda haii atey koee pankhdiaan naheen hundiaan. full julai toon navambar takk hunde hunn atey fioot lagbhag lamba capsule hunda haii. vargikaran. "pomedris paniculosa" daa rasmi varnan pahili vaar 1858 witch siegfried resek duaara ferdinand vaan mueller duaara ikk ikk varnan toon "linniaa ainn journal farr dye botanic inn ihrem ganzon umphainj" journal witch keeta giaa see. vishesh visheshan ("paniculosa") daa arth haii "ghabrao". 1990 witch, neville grant walsh neey "pee" deeaan doou upp-prajatiaan daa varnan keeta. paniculosa "magazine" miuliria "witch, atey naaman noon australiaai paude dee mardamshumari duaara savikar keeta giaa haiyav 1961 witch, luci moor neey "pomedris oraria" vaar daa varnan keeta. "hairi ailan dey "flora aaf newzealand" witch "nova-zlandia" atey 1992 witch, walsh neey naam badal keey "pomedris paniculosa" subup qarr ditta. "" "nioo zeeland journal aaf boatney" "witch" "nova-zlandy" ". ih naam newzealand dey paude sambhal network duaara savikar keeta giaa haii. vandd atey nivas sathaan. ih pomederis pachmi australia, dakkhni australia, victoria atey tasmania witch uggda haii. pachmi australia witch, ih jall-dhaara dey naal atey aspirance maidani jeev-bhugolik khetar witch chattanan dey nede uggda haii, parr upp-prajati "paralia" noon siraf maddh tapu dey ikk sangrah toon janhiaa jaanda haii. victoria witch, sabb-sapp. "paniculosa" raaj dey uttar-pachmi khetran witch mully jangal witch ghatt mitty witch uggda haii. "chattanan dey naal-naal atey nede-tattvarti khetran witch tille utte "pairalia". tasmania witch, sabb-pee. "paralia" raaj dey uttar-purab witch chattanan dey naal atey tibbiaan dey nede dey tattvarti sathanan toon daraj keeta giaa haii, jiss witch bhathi samooh dey tapuan atey king tapu shamal hunn. ih prajati nioo south wells witch alop manni jaandi haii. sambhal dee sathiti. pachmi australia witch, iss prajati noon "khatre witch naheen" parr upp-prajati vajon suchibadh keeta giaa haii. "pachmi australia sarkaar dey jaiv vibhinnta, sambhal atey aakarshanan dey vibhag duaara "pairalia" noon "tarjih doou" vajon suchibadh keeta giaa haii, bhaav ih kii ih siraf ikk jaan kujh sathanan toon ghatt janhiaa jaanda haii. tasmania witch, sabb-pee. "pairalia noon tasmanian sarkaar dey" "khatre vaali prajati surakhiaa aikat 1995" "dey tehat" "durlabh" "vajon suchibadh keeta giaa haii.

pomaderis paniculosa pomaderis-paniculosa, samanyataha scurfee-pomaderis iti namna prasidhah, ramnessy-kulasya pushpa-sasyasya ekaha prajaatih asti, yah australia-deshasya newzealand-deshasya cha moolanivaasinah santi. ayam keshayukttaih shaakhaayuktaih, vruttaakaaraih deerghavruttaakaaraih andaakaaraih vaa patraihi yuktah, aadharam prati sankeernah praantah, keshayuktaanaam, kreemakarnaih haritavarnaihi, kadaachit krushnavarnayuktaih pushpaihi yuktaanaam phalakaih yuktah, zaadaam bhavati. varnanam. "pomaderis paniculosa" iti ekaha zaadaam, yah samanyataya oonchaa bhavati, tathaa cha tasya bahooni shakhaprashakhaha santi, yeshu mrudu-dhoosarawarnatah rust-varnaparyantam, nakshatr-aakaarasy keshaani santi. patraani golaani vaa andakarani vaa bhavanti, prushtabhaagasya prati sankeernatamam praantam bhavati, upaprajatim prati avalambya aakaarah bhavati, prushtabhaage deerghah sthiraah bhavanti, parantu patrasya vikasena te patante. patranam uparibhaagah praayah ujjwalaah bhavati, adhahbhaagah oonee-shvetavarnaihi vaa rust-varnaihi vaa, nakshatr-akrutya vaa keshaih ghanatayaa aacchaaditah bhavati. pushpaani shakhanam praanteshu athavaa patra-aksheshu, samanyataya penical-madhye, pratyekah pushpah laghu-pedical-madhye utpadyante. pushpaani kreemakarnaani haritavarnaani vaa krushnavarnayuktaani vaa bhavanti, mrudu-nakshatr-aakaar-keshaih ghanatayaa aacchaaditaah bhavanti. pushpa-sadrushaanaam pushpa-pushpanam aakaarah upaprajaatim prati bhinnah bhavati, tathaa cha pushpa-pushpaah naa bhavanti. pushpam julai-masat november-maasaparyantam bhavati, tathaa cha foot praayah deerghah copsule asti. vargeekaranam. "pomaderis paniculosa" iti prathamavaaram 1858 tame varshe seagfried resec ityanena "linneyaah ain journal farr dai botanic inn ihrem ganzen umphaange" iti patrikaayaam aupachaarikaroopena varnitam aasit, yat ferdinand vaan mueller ityanena aprakaashitavivaranaat aasit. vishishtasya visheshanasya ("paniculosa") arthah "aatankitah" iti. 1990 tame varshe neville grant vaalsh ityanena "pee" ityasya upaprajaatidwayam varnitam. muleria" iti patrikaayaam "paniculosa" iti naam, australia-deshasya padapagananayaha naamaani cha sveekrutaani santi. 1961 tame varshe lucie moore ityayam "pomadris oraria var" iti varnayat. "hyaari aalan ityasya "flora aaf newjeelyaand" ityasmin "nove-zelandia" iti naamnah 1992 tame varshe vaalsh ityanena "pomaderis paniculosa" upa-naamnah parivartanam krutam. "newzealand-journal aaf boatney" ityasmin "nove-zelandia" iti granthah asti. newzealand-deshasya sasyasamrakshanajaalasya dwara etat naam sweekrutam asti. vitaranam tathaa aavaasam. ayam pomadris-vrukshah pashchim-australia-deshe, dakshina-australia-deshe, victoriyaadeshe, tasmaniyadeshe cha vardhate. pashchim-australia-deshe, ayam jaladharayaha sameepe, asparence-samatalasy jaivabhaugolika-kshetre cha parvatanam sameepe vardhate, parantu upajatayah "paralia" iti kevalam madhyadweepasya ekasmin sangrahaat eva dnyaayate. victoria, upa-pradesha. "paniculosa" iti sasyam rajyasya vaayavyakshetreshu malli-vanakshetreshu alpa-mruttikaayaam upa-sasyarupena vardhate. "paralia" iti shilaastareshu, samipa-tatiyakshetreshu cha balukanam upari. tasmania, sub-spa iti. "rajyasya eeshaanye, ferniks-samuhasya dweepeshu, kim-dweepeshu cha, shikharaihi saha, balukanam sameepe cha, samipa-tateeya-sthalebhyah "paralia" iti abhilekhitam asti. nyoo-sauth-wells-nagare eshaa prajaatih viluptah iti manyate. samrakshanasya sthitihi. pashchim-australia-deshe eshaa prajaatih "naat-dhaman" iti, parantu sub-spa iti suchita asti. "paralia" iteedam pashchim-australia-sarvakaarasya jaivavaividhya-samrakshana-aakarshan-vibhagena "pradhanyata-dwau" iti suchyam dattam asti, arthaat etat durlakshitam asti, kevalam ekasmaat vaa katipayeshu vaa sthanat eva. tasmania, sub-spa iti. "paralia" iteedam tasmanian-sarvakaarasya "luptaprajaati-samrakshana-adhiniyamah 1995" ityasya antargatam "durlabham" iti suchyam dattam asti.

pomatris paniculosa podhuvaaga scurfy pometeries endru azhaikkappadum pometeries paniculosa, australia mattrum newsilaandhai poorveegamaagak konda ramnesi kudumbaththaich saerntha pookkum thaavaraththin oru inamaagum. idhu mudi kotthu konda oru puthar, vattaththilirunthu neelvatta allathu muttai vadiva ilaikal, adippaguthiyil kurugiya munai mattrum mudi, gream niram muthal pacchai niram, sila nerangalil sivappu nira pookkalin panikkal. vilakkam. "phomateris paniculosa" enbathu podhuvaaga uyaram varai valarum oru puthar aagum, maelum menmaiyaana saambal niraththilirunthu thuru nira, natchatthira vadiva mudigaludan pala kilaikalaik kondullathu. ilaikal vattamagavo allathu neelvattamaagavoa irunthu muttaiyin vadivaththil irukkum, adippaguthiyai noakki kurugiya munaiyudan, kilaiyinangalaip porutthu alavu, adippaguthiyil neenda nilaigaludan, aanaal ilai valarumpoathu avai vizhugindrana. ilaikalin mael maerparappu aeraththaazha palapalappaakavum, keezh maerparappu adarththiyaaga kambali vellai allathu thuru nira, natchatthira vadiva mudigalaal moodappattirukkum. malarkal kilaikalin munaigalil allathu ilai achchugalil, podhuvaaga paenikkalkalil, ovvoru poovum oru kurugiya pedigalil pirakkindrana. malarkal gream niraththil pacchai allathu sivappu niraththil irukkum mattrum menmaiyaana, natchatthira vadiva mudigalaal adarththiyaaga moodappattirukkum. idhazhgal poantra seppalkalin alavu kilaiyinangalaip porutthu maarupadum, maelum idhazhgal illai. pookkum kaalam juulai muthal navambar varai irukkum, maelum poochchi oru neenda copsule aagum. vagaipiriththal. "pomatris paniculosa" muthanmuthalil 1858 aam aandil seakfried resec enbavaraal "linnia ainn journal farr dye potanic inn ihraem consen umphange" endra idhazhil fertinand vaan mwellerin veliyidappadaatha vilakkaththilirunthu muraiyaaga vivarikkappattathu. kuripitta peyaralavu ("peethiyuttral") endraal "peethiyadaivathu" endru porul. 1990 aam aandil, neville grand walsh "p" inn irandu kilaiyinangalai vivaritthaar. muelleria" idhazhil ulla "paniculosa", mattrum peyarkal australian thaavara makkal thogai kanakkeduppaal aetrtrukkollappattrullana 1961 aam aandil, luci muur "pometeries oraria" varr pattri vivaritthaar. "haari allen 'flora off newsilaandhu' mattrum 1992 aam aandil, walsh peyarai 'phomateris paniculosa' thunai yena maatrinaar. "newsilaandhu thaavaraviyal idhazhil" "nova-jelandia". " newsilaandhu thaavara paathukaappu valaiyamaipaal inththa peyar aetrtrukkollappattullathu. viniyoagam mattrum vaazhvidam. inththa pomateris maerku australia, therku australia, victoria mattrum dosmaniavil valarkirathu. maerku australiavil, idhu neerodaiyil mattrum esperence samaveligalil ulla paaraikalukku arugil uyiriyal puviyiyal piraanthiyaththil valarkirathu, aanaal kilaiyinamaana "baralia" naduththara theevil ulla oray thoguppilirunthu mattumae ariyappadugirathu. victoriavil, sapp. pii. "paniculosa" maanilaththin vadamaerkup pakuthikalil ulla malli kaadugalil aazhamattra mannil valarkirathu. "paralia" paaraikal mattrum kadarkaraikku arugilulla pakuthikalil ulla manarpaangkugalil. dosmaniavil, subsp. "paralia" enbathu maanilaththin vadakizhakkil ulla paaraikal mattrum manarkalukku arugilulla kadarkarai thazhangalil irunthu pathivu seiyappattullathu, idhil ulai kuzhuvin theevugal mattrum king theevu adangkum. inththa inangkal neu savuth wales paguthiyil azhinththuvittathaaga karudhappadugiradhu. paathukaappu nilai. maerku australiavil, inththa inam "achuruththappadavillai" aanaal thunai inamaaga pattiyalidappattullathu. "paralia" enbathu maerku australian arasaangkaththin palluir, paathukaappu mattrum eerppu turaiyaal "munnurimai irandu" endru pattiyalidappattullathu, athaavathu idhu ondru allathu oru sila idangkalilirunththu mattumae ariyappadugirathu. dosmaniavil, subsp. "1995 aam aandu dasmanian arasaangkaththin" "achuruththappatta inangkal paathukaappuch sattaththin" "keezh" "paralia" "" "arithaanathu" "endru pattiyalidappattullathu".

pomaderis panikulosa saadhaaranamgaa scurfy pomaderis anie piluvabade pomaderis panikulosa, idhi ramnesiye kutumbaaniki chendina pushpinche mokka yokka jaathi mariyu idhi australia mariyu nyoojilaandku chendinadi. idhi ventrukala kommalu, gundrani nundi deerghavruttaakaara ledhaa guddu aakarapu aakulu, diguva vaipu irukaina chivara mariyu ventrukala, cream rangu nundi aakupaccha, konnisaarlu erupu rangu puvvula panicles kaligina podha. vivarana. "pomaderis panikulosa" anedi saadhaaranamgaa etthu varaku perige podha, mariyu mruduvaina buudida rangu nundi tuppu rangu, nakshatra aakarapu ventrukalatho aneka kommalanu kaligi untundi. aakulu gundramgaa ledhaa deerghavruttaakaaramlo guddu aakaaramlo untaayi, diguva vaipu irukaina chivara, upajaatulanu batti parimaanam, diguva bhaagamlo podavaina sthithulatho untaayi, conny aaku abhivruddhi chendutunna koddi avi padipothayi. aakula eguva uparitalam daadaapu merustuu untundi, diguva uparitalam unni telupu ledhaa tuppu rangu, nakshatra aakarapu ventrukalatho dattamgaa kappabadi untundi. puvvulu kommala chivarlalo ledhaa aaku akshaalalo, saadhaaranamgaa panicleslo, prati puvvu chinna pedikil meeda pudataayi. puvvulu cream-rangu nundi aakupaccha ledhaa erupu rangutho untaayi mariyu mruduvaina, nakshatra aakarapu ventrukalatho dattamgaa kappabadi untaayi. rekula vanti seepaala parimaanam upajaatulanu batti maarutuu untundi mariyu rekulundavu. pushpinche juulai nundi november varaku jarugutundi mariyu fute sumaru podavaina gulika. vargeekarana. "pomaderis panikulosa" nuu 1858loe seagfried resec "linneya ine journal pharr dye botanic inn ihrem ganzen umphanj" anae jarnallo ferdinand vaan mueller prachurinchani vivarana nundi adhikarikamga varninchaaru. nirdishta visaeshanhamu ("paniculosa") antey "bhayandolanaku gurikavadam" anie ardham. 1990loe, neville grant walsh "p" yokka rendu upajaatulanu vivarinchaadu. muelleria" patrikalo "" paniclosa ", mariyu paerlu australian mokkala janabha lekkala dwara amodinchabaddayi 1961loe, lucie moor "pomaderris oraria" varr gurinchi vivarinchaadu. "harry allan yokka flora off newzealand loe "nove-gelandia" mariyu 1992loe, walsh paerunu "pomaderis panikulosa" subspga marcharu. "newzealand journal off botanylo" "nove-gelandia". " eee paerunu newzealand mokkala parirakshana network aamodinchindi. pampinhee mariyu aavasalu. eee pomaderis paschima australia, dakshina australia, victoria mariyu tusmanialo perugutundi. paschima australialo, idhi esperance mydaanaala jeeva bhougolika praantamlooni neeti pravaham venta mariyu sikharaala sameepamlo perugutundi, ayithe upajaatulu "paralia" madhya dveepamlooni oke sekarana nundi matrame telusu. victorialo, sub. "panikulosa" raashtramloni vaayuvya praantaalalo mallie adavulalo nissara mattiloo perugutundi, upa-bhaagam. "paralia" anedi teerapraantaala sameepamlo unna dibbalu mariyu dibbala venta untundi. tasmanialo, sub sp. "paralia" anedi rashtra eshaanyamlo kondala vembadi mariyu dibbala sameepamlo unna teerapraanta pradaesaala nundi, furnix samuuham yokka dveepaalu mariyu king dveepamtho sahaa namodu cheyabadindi. eee jaathi nyuu south vaelsloo antarinchipoyindani bhaavistunnaaru. parirakshana sthithi. paschima australialo, eee jaathi "muppu laenidi" conny upajaatulugaa jabita cheyabadindi. "paralia" nuu paschima australia prabhutva jeevavaividhyam, parirakshana mariyu aakarshanhala vibhagam "praadhaanyata rendu" gaa jabita chesindi, antey idhi okati ledhaa konni pradaesaala nundi matrame baga teliyadu. tasmanialo, sub sp. "tusmanian prabhutva" "bedirimpu jaatula rakshana chattam 1995" "kinda" "paralia" "arudainadigaa jabita cheyabadindi".

pomaders pancolosa pomaders pancolosa jasay aam toor parr scurfy pomaders kay naam say jaana jaataa hay phulon kay poday kii eek nooa hay juu ramneesi khaandaan mein hay aur australia aur newzi lend kaa maqami hay. yaha eek jhaadi hay jiss mein baalon waali shakhein goal say elliptic yaa anday kii shakal kay patay hotay haine jinn kaa sarah tung hotaa hay aur baal daar cream rung say sabz baaz auqaat sarkh rung kay phulon kay painkal hotay haine. wazahat. "pomaders pancolosa" eek jhaadi hay juu aam toor parr oonchayi takk badhti hay aur iss mein behat see shakhein hoti haine jinn kay baal naram sarmayi say zing kay rung kay sataron kii shakal kay hotay haine. patay goal yaa indaa kii shakal kay liye indaa kii shakal kay hotay haine aur iss kaa sarah nichli taraf tung hotaa hay size zeeli aqsaam parr munhasir hotaa hay jiss kii bunyaad parr lambi sharaet hoti haine leakin jeesay jeesay patee badhti hay wah girr jaati haine. patoon kii opri satah kumm woo baish chamakdar hoti hay nichli satah oon kay safed yaa zing aalud rung kay sataron kii shakal kay baalon say gahnay toor parr dahki hoti hay. phul shakhon kay saroon parr yaa patoon kay mahur mein paida hotay haine aam toor parr pancles mein harr phul eek mukhtasir pedical parr hotaa hay. phul cream kay rung say sabz yaa sarkh rung kay hotay haine aur naram sataron kii shakal kay baalon say gahnay dahkay hotay haine. pankhadiyon jaisi pankhadiyon kaa size zeeli aqsaam kay mutabiq mukhtalif hotaa hay aur koyee pankhadiyan nahein hotein. phul jolayi say nomber takk aatay haine aur fitt taqriba lamba capsule hotaa hay. texonomy. "pomaders pancolosa" kuu pehli baar 1858 mein seeg fried resk nay ferdinand waan moller kii ghair shaye shadah wazahat say "leniah: eyen journal farr daayee botanic inn ahreem gainzan amphenj" jareede mein bazabtah toor parr biyaan kiyaa thaa. makhsus laqab ("pancolosa") kaa matlab hay "ghabrahat". 1990 mein neeveel grant walsh nay "pee" kii duu zeeli aqsaam biyaan kein. mularia" jareede mein pancolosa aur inn naamon kuu austrailvi podon kii mardam shumari kay zariye qabool kiyaa gayaa hay: 1961 mein losi morr nay "pomaders aurariya" warr kuu biyaan kiyaa. "hairi ailan kay "flaad aaf newzi lend" mein "nowa-zlendia" aur 1992 mein walsh nay naam badal kirr "pomaders pancolosa" subsip kirr diyaa. "newzi lend journal aaf boatni" mein "nowa-zelandia". yaha naam newzi lend kay podon kay tahfuz kay neet wark nay qabool kiyaa hay. taqsim aur rehaish gaah. yaha pomaders maghrabi australia janubi australia victoriah aur tasmania mein agtaa hay. maghrabi australia mein yaha aabi guzargah kay saath aur aspirance medani elaqon kay hayatiyati geografiyayi elaqay mein chatanon kay qareeb agtaa hay leakin zeeli nasal "piraliya" kuu sarf darmiyani jazeeray parr eek hyee majmuah say jaana jaataa hay. victoriah mein sabb aiss pee. "pancolosa" riyasat kay shamaal maghrabi elaqon mein milly jangal mein atlee mutty mein agtaa hay zeeli satah parr. "chatanon kay saath aur saahili elaqon kay qareeb teelon parr "piraliya". tasmania mein sabb aiss pee. "piraliya" riyasat kay shamaal mashriq mein chatanon kay saath aur teelon kay qareeb saahili maqamat say darj kiyaa gayaa hay bashmol fernio grop kay jazair aur king aayee lend parr. yaha parjatiyon kuu neo saoth wells mein madoom honay kaa khayaal hay. tahfuz kii haisiyat. maghrabi australia mein iss nooa kuu "khatray say dochaar nahein" balkah zeeli nasal kay toor parr darj kiyaa gayaa hay. "piraliya" kuu maghrabi austrailvi hukumat kay mohkamah hayatiyati tanoa tahfuz aur parkashish maqamat kay zariah "tarjihi duu" kay toor parr darj kiyaa gayaa hay jiss kaa matlab hay kahh yaha sarf eek yaa chand maqamat say naqis toor parr jaana jaataa hay. tasmania mein sabb aiss pee. "piraliya" kuu tasmanin hukumat kay "" khatray say dochaar parjatiyon kay tahfuz kay qanoon 1995 "" kay tahat "" nayaab "" kay toor parr darj kiyaa gayaa hay.

fffd4082a2a02f27ce388b5f9bfcee0a227293600490d47e0e55844f94902663

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=49049258

Len Roberts (footballer)

Len Roberts (footballer) Australian rules footballer Len Roberts (4 July 1880 – 1 January 1949) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Family. The son of William Roberts, and Martha Louisa Roberts, née Ball, Leonard Roberts was born in St Kilda, Victoria on 4 July 1880. He married Florence Hilda Camm (1884-1965) in 1936. Football. In his only match for the St Kilda First XVIII, he played at centre half-back, in the match against Collingwood, at Victoria Park, on 28 July 1906. Death. He died (suddenly) at his residence in Burwood, Victoria on 1 January 1949. Footnotes. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

lena roberts (football kheluwoi) lena roberts (4 july 1880-1 january 1949) ejon australian niyomor football kheluwoi aasil ji vict 'rian football leeg (vfl) too saint kilder xoite khelisil. poriyal. uilium roberts aaru martha luisa robertsor putro, nee boll, leonard robertsor jonmo hoisil 1880 sonor 4 julyte victoriyar saint kildat. 1936 sonot teu fluorence hilda kem (1884-1965)-koo biyaa koraisil. football. 1906 sonor 28 julyte victoria parkot collingwodor biruddhe onusthito huwa khelot saint kilda prothom xviii ror baabe teur ekmatro khelot center huff-bekot khelisil. mrityu. 1949 sonor 1 januaryt victoriyar baroudot thoka teur baxobhowonot teur (hothate) mrityu hoy.

leena roberts (football kheload) leena roberts (4 julai 1880-1 januari 1949) ekjon australian niyamer football kheload chhilen jini victorian football lige (vfl) seenta kilder saathe khelechilen. poribar. uilium roberts ebong martha luisa robertser putro, nee boll, leonard roberts 1880 saaler 4thhaa julai victoria seenta kilda jonmogrohon corren. 1936 saale tini florence hilda kyamke (1884-1965) biye corren. football. 1906 saaler 28shhey julai victoria parke collingwooder biruddhe seenta kilda first xvii-err hoye taanr ekmatro matche tini center huff-byake khelen. mrityu. 1949 saaler 1laa januari victoria baroude taanr basbhobone tini (hothat) maaraa zaan.

leena rooberts (footballer) leena rooberts (4 julai 1880-1 january 1949) australian rules footballer hataa, jeo viktoriyana football leag (vee. aef. aela.) maan saint kilda saathe ramyaa hataa. parivaar. veeliyam rooberts aneey martha luis robertsnaa putra, nee boola, leonard robertsno janm 4 julai julai roj saint kilda, viktoriyaamaa thayo hato. temane temane florence hilda qema (1884-1965) saathe lagna karyaa hataa. football. saint kilda first XVIII maate temnee ekmatra mechamaa, teo 28 julai julai roj viktoriya paark khaate collingwood saameni mechamaa center haaf-beeka khaate ramyaa hataa. mrutyu. 1 january january roj viktoriyaanaa barwoodma temnaa nivaasthaane (achaanak) temnu avsaan thayu hatoo.

laine roberts (footballer) laine roberts (4 julaai 1880-1 janwari 1949) ack australiyai niyam footballer they joe victorian football leag (vee. aff. ell.) mein sent kilda key saath khele they. parivaar. villium roberts aur martha luis roberts key bete, nee ball, leonard roberts kaa janm 4 julaai 1880 koo sent kilda, victoria mein huaa thaa. unhone 1936 mein florence hilda cam (1884-1965) seey shaadi kii. football. sent kilda first xviii key liye apane ekmatra match mein, unhone 28 julaai 1906 koo victoria park mein collingwood key khilaf match mein center haaf-back mein khela. mrityu. 1 janwari 1949 koo victoria key berwood mein apane nivaas parr unaki mrityu hoe gaee.

lenn roberts (football atagara) lenn roberts (4 julai 1880-1 janavari 1949) aastreliyaada rules football aatagararagiddu, victorian football leigh (vfl) nalli saint kilda avarondige aadidaru. kutumba. vilium roberts mattu martha louisa roberts, nee baal, avara maga leonard roberts avaru 1880rahra julai julai viktoriyaada saint kildaadalli janisidaru. avaru avaru florence hilda cam (1884-1965) avarannu vivaahavaadaru. football. saint kilda forst XVIII gaagi tamma ekaika pandyadalli, avaru 1906rahra julai julai victoria parknalli collingwood viruddhada pandyadalli center hoff-byaknalli aadidaru. saavu. aata 1949rahra janavari janavari viktoriyaada barvudnalliruva tamma nivaasadalli (iddakkiddante) nidhanaraadaru.

laine roberts (footballpatu) laine roberts (4 julai 1880-1 janewari 1949) haah austreliyan niyam footballpatu hota joou victorian football leegmadhye (vhee. eff. ell.) seent kilda sobat khelala. kutumb. william roberts aanee martha louisa roberts, nee baul, yancha mulga, leonard roberts yancha janm 4 julai 1880 roji seent kilda, victoria yethe jhaala. 1936 madhye tyanni florence hiilda cam (1884-1965) yanchyashi vivah keela. football. seent kilda first XVII sathicha tyacha ekmev samna, too 28 julai 1906 roji victoria park yethe kolingvudviruddhachya samnyat, center haaf-backmadhye khelala. mrutyu. 1 janewari 1949 roji victoriya yetheel berwood yetheel tyanchya nivassthani tyanche (achanak) nidhan jhaale.

leine roberts (footballer) leine roberts (4 july 1880-1 janawari 1949) ek astreliyali niyam footballer thie jasle victorian football ligg (bhiefel) maa cent kildasanga kheleka thie. pariwar. william roberts rar martha luisa robertska chhora, nee ball, leonard robertsko janma cent kilda, victoriama 4 july 1880 maa bhaeko thiyo. unle sann 1936 maa florence hilda cam (1884-1965) sanga vivaha gare. football. cent kilda first xviii kaa lagi afno ek matra khelma, unle 28 july 1906 maa victoria parkma collingwod wiruddhako khelma centre haf-backma khele. mrityu. 1 janawari 1949 maa wictoriako barwoodma raheko unko niwasma (achanak) unko mrityu bhayo.

leena roberts (football khelali) leena roberts (4 july 1880-1 januari 1949) jane astreliah niam football khelali thile jieki victorian football ligg (bhi. aif. ell.) ray cent kildanka saha khelithile. paribara. william roberts ebong martha louisa rabartsanka pua, nee bull, leonard roberts 4 july 1880 ray victoriara cent kilda ray janmagrahana karithile. shay 1936 ray florence hilda kaam (1884-1965) nku bibaha karithile. football. cent kilda pratham xviii paain tankara ekamatra myachare, shay 1906 july 28 ray victoria parkre kalingaud bipakhyare myachare centre haf-back ray khelithile. mrutyu. 1949 masiha januari 1 tarikhare, shay (hathat) victoriara barudthare thiba taanka basabhabanare mrutyubarana karithile.

laine roberts (footballer) laine roberts (4 julai 1880-1 janwari 1949) ikk australiaai niyam footballer see joe victorian football leeg (vee. eff. aill.) witch cent kilda naal khediaa see. parivaar. viliam roberts atey martha louisa roberts dey puttar, nee baal, leonard roberts daa janam 4 julai 1880 noon cent kilda, victoria witch hoiaa see. uss neey 1936 witch florence hilda caim (1884-1965) naal viaah karvaiaa. football. cent kilda laee aapne iklaute match witch, uh 28 julai 1906 noon victoria park witch callingwod dey virudh match witch center haaf-baek witch khediaa. maut. 1 janwari 1949 noon berwood, victoria witch aapni rihaish utte (achanak) uhanan dee maut hoow gaee.

lenn roberts (football-kreedaaluh) lenn roberts (4 julai 1880-1 janavaree 1949) ekaha australian-rools-football-kreedakah aasit yah victorian-football-leag (vi. ef. ell.) madhye sent-kilda ityanena saha kreeditavaan. parivaarah. vilium roberts, martha luisa roberts, nee baal, ityasya putrah leonard roberts, 4 julai 1880 dinaanke viktoriyaadeshasya sent kilda-nagare ajayata. saha 1936 tame varshe florence hilda kaam (1884-1965) ityenam parineetavaan. football-kreedaam. sent kilda-prathama-XVIII krute swasya ekamaatra-spardhayam, saha 1906 julai 28 dinaanke victoria-paark-nagare kaalingwood-viruddham kridaayaam, center-haaf-byaak-kridaayaam kreeditavaan. mrutyuhu. 1949 janavaree 1 dinaanke victoria-nagarasya berwood-nagare sthitasya swasya nivaase saha (akasmikataya) mrutah.

lenn robberts (kaalpandhu veerar) lenn robberts (4 juulai 1880-1 janavari 1949) oru australian vithigal kaalpandhu veerar aavaar, avar victorian kaalpandhu leakil (vii. eff. ell) saint kildaavudan vilaiyaadinaar. kudumbam. villiyam robberts mattrum martha louisa robberts aagiyoarin magan, nee pandhu, leonard robberts 1880 juulai 4 andru victoriavin saint kildaavil piranthaar. avar 1936 ill florence hiilda kaam (1884-1965) enbavarai mananthaar. kaalpandhu. 1906 juulai 28 andru victoria poongaavil koolingvuttukku ethiraana poattiyil, saint kilda muthal xviii kkaana thanathu oray poattiyil, center hoff-paekkil vilaiyaadinaar. maranam. avar 1949 janavari 1 andru victoriavin parvuttil ulla thanathu illaththil (thideerendru) iranthaar.

lenn roberts (football kreedaakaarudu) lenn roberts (4 juulai 1880-1 janavari 1949) victorian football leag (vfl) loe seyint kildaatho aadina australian rules football kreedaakaarudu. kutumbam. vilium roberts, mariyu martha louisa roberts, nee baall, leonard roberts kumarudu 4 juulai 1880naa victorialoni seyint kildaalo janminchaaru. athanu 1936loe florence hilda com (1884-1965) nuu vivaham chesukunnadu. football. 1906 juulai 28naa victoria paarkulo jarigina kollingwudto jarigina matchlo, seyint kilda fust xviii kosam thana ekaika matchlo, athanu center haaph-byaaklo aadadu. maranam. 1949 janavari 1naa victorialoni barvudloni thana nivaasamlo ayana (akasmaattugaa) maraninchaaru.

leane roberts (fitt baalar) leane roberts (4 jolayi 1880-1 januri 1949) eek austrailvi roles fitt baalar thaa juu victoriyayi fitt baal leeg (wee aif eel) mein sent culda kay saath kheela kartaa thaa. khaandaan. waleem roberts aur maartha loisa roberts kay betay leonard roberts 4 jolayi 1880 kuu victoriah kay sent culda mein paida hoay. inhon nay 1936 mein florence hilda caim (1884-1965) say shaadi kii. fitt baal. sent culda frust XVIII kay liye apnay waahid meech mein inhon nay 28 jolayi 1906 kuu victoriah paark mein coling wode kay khalaaf meech mein center haaf beek mein kheela. moth. wah 1 januri 1949 kuu victoriah kay burr wode mein apnee rehaish gaah parr (achanak) inteqal kirr gayey.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54311915

Red-backed flameback

Red-backed flameback Species of bird The Red-backed flameback, Lesser Sri Lanka flameback, Sri Lanka red-backed woodpecker or Ceylon red-backed woodpecker (Dinopium psarodes) is a species of bird in the family Picidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka, only absent in the far-north. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of the Black-rumped flameback. Phylogenetics. It has been considered an endemic species since the time of Legge. It was first placed in the genus "Brachypternus" as "Brachypternus ceylonus." It was later lumped as subspecies of the Black-rumped flameback ("Dinopium benghalense"), as "Dinopium benghalense psarodes". It was elevated to full species status in a study by Sampath S. Seneviratne, Darren E. Irwin, and Saminda P. Fernando. In this study, it was found to hybridize with the Black-rumped flameback. The hybridization is concentrated north of a border from Trincomalee to the base of Puttalam lagoon and south of a border from Mullaitivu to Mannar. Hybridization is less out of this border, where the Black-rumped flameback dominates north of the border while the Red-backed flameback dominates south of the border. It is a case of Hybrid inferiority, in which the pure species are more successful than the hybrids. It is one of the three species of red coloured flamebacks which are found only in Sri Lanka and the Philippines. It is also the only red-coloured "Dinopium" species. The other Red flamebacks are the Crimson-backed flameback ("Chrysocolaptes stricklandi") of Sri Lanka, and the Luzon flameback ("Chrysocolaptes haematribon") of the Philippines (Except for the Yellow-faced flameback ("Chrysocolaptes xanthocephalus"), but it is mostly yellow.) This analogous trait (a trait shared by two organisms by convergent evolution, which means that they evolved to be similar independently because of similar evolutionary pressures) suggests that some evolutionary pressure in Sri Lanka and the Philippines caused their endemic flamebacks to become red. No subspecies are recognized. Description. About in length. Mostly crimson with black trailing edges to wings. underparts white with messy black marks. The breast and neck are black with white spots on the throat and white streaks on the breast. A black eyestripe stretches to the back of the neck and diffuses into the nape and upper back, with white streaks between the eye and neck. It has a red crown, with the forecrown and forehead black speckled with white in females. The eye is hidden among the black eyestripe. It has a fairly sized grey bill, which forms a blunt point. Juveniles are duller with less bold markings, with males having white spots on crown and females with few spots if not none. Hybrids can be either mostly red with orange or yellow (closer to Red-backed flameback) or mostly yellow with red or orange (closer to Black-rumped flameback) Habitat. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, including manmade environments like home gardens. It can be seen from away. Mostly found in the dry zone, but likes humid environments. Behaviour and ecology. Voice and sounds. Its voice is a sharp whinny which is more unmusical and screeching than that of "D. benghalense". It can either go along in a rhythmic "woik-woik-wik-wi-ti-ti-t-t t-t-trrrrrr!" or a repeated "woik-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri- !" which lasts for three seconds. Has a dull drumroll of 0.8 - 1.5 seconds. Foraging. Diet. Its main source of food are ants. It seems to prefer Carpenter ants ("Camponotus" spp.), ants in the genus "Meranoplus", and the pupae and larvae of Asian weaver ants ("Oecophylla smaragdina"). Other invertebrates eaten include spiders, caterpillars, weevils and beetles. Also feeds on some fruit occasionally, as a source of dietary fiber and other nutrients. Foraging behaviour. It uses its tail as a support to climb trees, and flies in a flap-and-glide bounding pattern. It breaks into leaf nests of weaver ants in the trees themselves but descends to the ground to access nests of ground ants. Forages alone, in pairs or as a family group, and often joins multi-species foraging flocks, like other "Dinopium" flamebacks. Breeding. It drills nest holes at many variable heights. These holes, which can only be built by woodpeckers, barbets and other Piciformes, are nesting sites for other cavity-nesting birds like parrots, who cannot make their own holes. Sometimes broods twice, but usually only one clutch is laid per season. It breeds from December-September, predominantly from August-September and from February-June. Two-three eggs are laid per clutch. Conservation. It is marked as least concern on the IUCN red list, because it has a stable yet unknown population and is common to locally common in its comparatively small range. No declines nor threats have been identified. It is very common, one of the "Common" endemics throughout Sri Lanka, along with the Sri Lankan junglefowl, the Sri Lanka hanging parrot, and the Crimson-fronted barbet. It is the most common woodpecker species in Sri Lanka. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> Media related to at Wikimedia Commons

ronga-backed flameback ronga-aatat thoka flameback, lesar srilongka flameback, srilongka ronga-aatat thoka kaththukor baa chelon ronga-aatat thoka kaththukor (denopium seroad) hoise pickiday poriyalor etaa projatir sorai. ee srilongkar sthaniyo, kewol xudur-uttorot onuposthito. iyak ketiyaba koo 'laa rumped flamebackor upo-projati hisape gonyo koraa hoy. phylogenetics. legor xomoyor porai iyak ek sthaniyo projati hisape gonyo koraa hoise. iyak prothome "brasipternus" gonot "brasipternus chelunas" hisape sthapon koraa hoisil."pisoloi iyak koo 'laa-rumped flameback (" "dynopium bengalence" ") ror upo-projati hisape" "dynopium bengalence seroad" "hisape ekotrito koraa hoisil. sompoth ess-ror dwara koraa ek odhyoyonot iyak xompurno projatir sthitiloi unnit koraa hoisil. xenebhiratne, daren ee. iruin, aaru xominda pi. fernandu. ei odhyoyonot, iyak koo 'laa-rumped flamebackor xoite xonghot huwa dekha goisil. ei xonghotkoron trincomalir poraa putalam legunor aadharoloike ximantor uttore aaru mullaitibhur poraa mannaroloi ximantor dokhyine kendribhut. ei ximar bahirot xonghotkoron komm hoy, zo 'too koo' laa-rumped flameback ximantor uttore aadhipotyo bistar kore aanhate ronga-xomorthito flameback ximantor dokhyine aadhipotyo bistar kore. eitu hibrid hinotar etaa ghotona, zo 'too bixudho projatibur hibridotkoi odhik xofol hoy. kewol srilongka aaru philipainot puwa ronga rongor flamebackor tinita projatir bhitorot ee etaa. ee ekmatro ronga rongor "dynopium" projati. aan ronga flamebackbur hoise srilongkar crimchon-backed flameback ("cries" lepts stricklandy "), aaru philipinor lujon flameback (" cries "lepts hematoribon") (halodhiya mukhor flamebackor baahire ("cries" lepts genthocephalus "), kintu ee besibhag halodhiya.) ei xadrisyomulok boixistyotuwe (dutaa jibo-jontur dwara xongmisrito bibortonor dwara bhag koraa ek boixistyo, jaar ortho hoise je ekedhoronor bibortoniyo sapor baabe swadhinbhabe eke hoh 'boloi bikoxito hoisil) poramorxo diye je srilongka aaru philipainot kisuman bibortoniyo sapor folot teulukor sthaniyo xikha ronga hoi porisil. kunu upo-projati sinakto koraa huwa naai. bornona. pray doirghyo. besibhagei ronga rongor aaru daanar pisfalor koo 'laa prantor xoite. tolor ongxobur bogaa aaru koo 'laa daag thaake. dingy aaru dingy koo 'laa aaru dingir uporot bogaa daag aaru bukur uporot bogaa rekha thaake. etaa koo 'laa sokur poriwex dingir pisfaloloike bistarito hoi thaake aaru soku aaru dingir maajot bogaa rekhar xoite pithir upor aaru uporor pithito biyopi pore. iyar etaa ronga mukut aase, jaar kopal aaru kopal koo 'laa rongor aaru mohilar murot bogaa rongor. sokutu koo 'laa sokurekhar maajot lukai thaake. iyar etaa jothesto aakaror dhura bill aase, ji etaa murkho bindu gothon kore. kixurxokol komm gaarh sinhor xoite nistej hoy, puruxor mukutot bogaa daag thaake aaru mohilar kisuman daag thaake jodi eku nohoy. hibridbur besibhag komola baa halodhiya rongor xoite ronga hoh 'bob paare (ronga-backed flamebackor usorot) baa besibhag halodhiya ronga baa komolar xoite hoh' bob paare (koo 'laa-rumped flamebackor usorot) baxosthan. iyar prakritik baxosthanxomuh hoise upo-krantiyo baa krantiyo xukan oronyo, upo-krantiyo baa krantiyo aardro nimnobhumi oronyo, aaru upo-krantiyo baa krantiyo mangrove oronyo, zo 'too ghoruwa bagisar dore manoboxristo poriwex ontorbhukto. iyak duror poraa dekha puwa yaay. besibhag xusko oncholot puwa yaay, kintu aardro poriwex posondo kore. aasoron aaru poriwex bigyan. kontho aaru xobdo. iyar konthoswortu ek tikhno huini jitu "di" tokoi odhik xongithin aaru khorang. bengalence. ee hoyotu etaa sondomoy "waik-waik-wick-wi-ti-ti-ti-ti-ti-trrr!"baa baare baare" waik-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-!"ji tini sekendor baabe thaake. 0. 8-1.5 sekendor ek nistej drummorol aase. sorom koraa. aahar. iyar khadyor mukhyo utxo hoise piporibur. ee kathomistri pikuri ("camponutux" ess. pi. pi.) posondo koraa zen laage.), "meranuplos" gonor piporibur, aaru asean uibhar piporaburor piupa aaru larbha ("oh" koo "filaa smaragina"). khuwa aan omerudondi pranir bhitorot aase makorxa, ketarpilar, uibhil aaru bittle. khadyor aah aaru onyanyo pustir utxo hisape maaje maaje kisuman foll khaay. aasoronor proti aakorxito koraa. ee iyar nez gochot aaruhon koriboloi xohay hisape byobohar kore, aaru flap-endo-glide bounding aarhito ure. ee gosburot thoka taatir pikurir paator baxar bhitorot bhangi yaay kintu maatir pikurir baxa paboloi maatit naami aahe. kewol khadyo, zura baa poriyalor gutt hisape, aaru praye aan "dynopium" flamebackor dore bohu-projatir khadyor jaakor xoite jug diye. projonon. ee bohutu poribortonxil uschotat baxar chidro kore. ei sidrobur, jibur kewol kaththukor, barbet aaru onyanyo pickformor dwara nirman koribo paari, xeibur onyanyo gohbor-baxa bandhi thoka sorai jene torar baabe baxa bandhi rokha sthan, jixokole nijakoi chidro bonabo nuware. ketiyaba dubarkoi xontan jonmo diye, kintu xadharonote proti ritute maatro etaa closhe rokha hoy. iyar projonon disembor-septemboror poraa hoy, prodhankoi aagosto-septemboror poraa aaru february-junor poraa. proti klochot dutaa-tinita konee diya hoy. xongrokhyon. iyak iucn redd talikat ataitkoi komm udwegor bixoy hisape sinhito koraa hoise, kiyonu iyar ek sthir tothapiu ogyat jonoxongkhya aase aaru iyar tulonamulokbhabe xoru porixorot sthaniyobhabe xadharon. kunu hraax baa bhabuki sinakto koraa huwa naai. eitu oti xadharon, srilongkat "xadharon" rugor bhitorot etaa, logote srilongkat thoka jonghol pokhyi, srilongkat ulomi thoka pokhila, aaru ronga rongor xonmukhor barbet. ee srilongkar ataitkoi xadharon kaththukor projati.

laal-pitther shikha laal-pitther flameback, chhoto srilanka flameback, srilanka laal-pitther kaththokra baa sealon laal-pitther kaththokra (denopium sarroads) holl pickidy poribarer ekti prajati pakhi. etty srilankar sthaniya, shudhumatra sudur-uttore onuposthito. etty kokhono kokhono kaalo-rumped flamebacker ekti upo-prajati hisabe bibechito hoy. phylogenetics. leega-err somoy theke etty ekti sthaniya prajati hisabe bibechito hoye asche. etty prothom "brachiperternus" goner modhye "brachiperternus celonus" hisabe sthapon koraa hoyechilo."etty porey kaalo-rumped flamebacker (" "dynopium benghalens" ") upo-prajati hisabe" "dynopium benghalens sarroads" "hisabe ekotrito hoyechilo. sampath esha-err ekti gobeshonai etty purno projatir morjadai unnito hoyechilo. senviratne, darren ee. iruin, ebong saminda pii. fernando. eyi gobeshonai, etty kaalo-rumped flamebacker saathe sangkarito hotey dekha geche. sankaranti trikonomiti theke puttalam upohroder godar dike ebong mulaitivu theke mannar porjonto ekti seemanter dakkhine ekti seemanter uttore kendribhuto. eyi seemanter baire sankarkaran qama hoy, jekhane kaalo-rumped flameback seemanter uttore adhipatya bistar korey ebong laal-somorthito flameback seemanter dakkhine adhipatya bistar korey. etty sankar nikrishtotar ekti ghotona, jekhane bishuddho prajatiguli sankarer cheye beshi sofol. etty laal ronger tinti projatir modhye ekti jaa shudhumatra srilanka ebong phillipine pawa yaay. etty ekmatro laal ronger "dynopium" prajati. anyanno laal flamebackguly holl srilankar laal-pitther flameback ("chrysocolapts stricklandy") ebong phillipiner luzon flameback ("chrysocolapts hematribon") (holud-mukher flameback ("chrysocolapts janthocephalus") chhada), tobey etty beshirbhag holud.) eyi anurup baisishtya (duti jeeber modhye sangmishranmulak biborton dwara bhag koraa ekti baisishtya, jaar ortho holl jey taaraa ekoi dharaner bibortoniyo chaaper karone swadhinbhabe ekoi rakam hoye bibortito hoyeche) theke bojha yaay jey srilanka ebong phillipine kichhu bibortoniyo chup taader sthaniya shikha laal hoye yawar kaaron hoyechilo. konao upo-prajati swikrito noy. bornona. doirgho somporke. beshirbhagi kaalo pichoner pranto diye lalche ronger. kaalo daag soho saadaa ongsho. galla oo ghaad kaalo ebong golay saadaa daag ebong stone saadaa daag thaake. ekti kaalo chokher stripa ghader pichhon dike prosarito hoy ebong chokh ebong ghader modhye saadaa rekha soho ghaad ebong uporer pitthe chhoriye porey. err ekti laal mukut royeche, jaar kopal ebong kopal kaalo dagjukto ebong mohilader modhye saadaa daag royeche. chokhti kaalo chokher modhye lukiye thaake. etir motamuti akarer dhusar bill royeche, jaa ekti bhonta bindu gathon korey. kishorra qama gaadh chinno soho nistez hoy, purushder mukuter upor saadaa daag thaake ebong mohilader modhye koyekti daag thaake jodi naa thaake. sankarguli beshirbhag laal ebong komla baa holud (laal-pitther flamebacker kachakachi) baa beshirbhag holud ebong laal baa komla (kaalo-rumped flamebacker kachakachi) hotey paare. abashsthol. err prakritik abasthalguli holl upokrantiyo baa grissomondoliyo shushko bonn, upokrantiyo baa grissomondoliyo ardro nimnabhumi bonn ebong upokrantiyo baa grissomondoliyo mangrove bonn, jaar modhye royeche baadir uddaner moto manabsrishto poribesh. door theke dekha yaay. beshirbhag shushko anchale pawa yaay, tobey ardro poribesh pochondo korey. acharan ebong bastutantra. kanthaswar ebong shobdo. err kanthaswar ekti teekkhno huini jaa "dii"-err cheye beshi aaa-sangeet ebong karkasha. bengalance. etty hoy ekti chhandamay "wike-wike-wick-uee-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trrr!"athoba punorabritti koraa" wike-tree-tree-tree-tree-tree-tree!"jaa tinn sekender jonno sthayi hoy. 0. 8-1.5 sekender ekti nistez drum roll royeche. charon. diette. err khadder prodhan utso holl pinpade. etty chhutor mistri pinpdader ("camponotus" esha. pii. pii pochondo korey boley money hoy.), "meranoplus" goner pinpdaguli ebong asean taanti pinpadar piupa ebong larva ("okofila smaragina"). khaoa anyanno amerudandi pranir modhye royeche makadsa, shuyopoka, wiville ebong bittle. khaddotalikagoto tantu ebong anyanno pushtir utso hisabe majhe majhe kichhu follow khaay. achoroner jonno. etty gachgulite arohaner jonno taar lezke samarthan hisabe byabohar korey ebong flap-anned-glide bounding patterney udey yaay. etty gachgulite taanti pinpadar patar bassa venge deyo kintu matite neme aase maatir pinpadar bassa petey. ekaa, jodaay baa ekti paribarik gosthi hisabe, ebong prayashai anyanno "dynopium" flamebacker moto bohu-projatir paaler saathe jog deyo. prajanan. etty onek poribortonshil uchchotai bassa chhidro korey. eyi gortoguli, jaa shudhumatra kaththokra, barbet ebong anyanno pickform dwara nirmito hotey paare, anyanno gahbar-bassa bandhar pakhider jonno bassa bandhar sthan, jemon totapakhi, jaaraa taader nijaswa gorto toiri korte paare naa. kokhono kokhono duibar santan jonmo deyo, tobey sadharonoto proti morsume shudhumatra ekti clutch rakha hoy. etty december-septembara theke, prodhanoto august-septembara theke ebong february-june theke prajanan korey. proti clutche dui-tinti dima deoa hoy. sanrakkhan. etty iucn laal talika sabcheye qama udweger hisabe chinnito koraa hoyeche, kaaron etir ekti sthitishil kintu ajana jonosongkha royeche ebong tulonamulokbhabe chhoto porisore sthaniyobhabe sadharan. konao hrass baa humki chinnito koraa hoyney. etty khub sadharan, srilanka judey "sadharan" mahamarigulir modhye ekti, srilankan jangalbasi, srilanka jhulonto totapakhi ebong lalche-samoner barbet soho. etty srilankar sabcheye sadharan kaththokra prajati.

laal pithwali flameback laal pithwala flameback, ochha shrilankaanaa flameback, shrilankaanaa laal pithwala lakkadkhod athavaa cellon laal pithwala lakkadkhod (denopium sassodes) aee pikide kutumbamaa pakshini aek prajaati chhe. teey shrilankama sthaaneek chhe, maatra door-uttarmaa jaj gerhaajar chhe. tene ketalikvaar black-rumped flamebackni petajati manvama aave chhe. jatijananshastra. tene legnaa samaythi sthaaneek prajaati manvama aave chhe. tene saupratham "breakipterns" jaatima "breakipterns celonus" tareeke mukvaamaa aavyu hatoo."paachhalthi tene black-rumped flameback (" "denopium banglance" ") nee petajati tareeke," "denopium banglance sassodes" "tareeke jodvama aavee hatee". sampath aesa dwara karvaamaa aavela abhyasma tene sampoorn prajatino darajjo aapvama aavyo hato. seneviratne, darren ee. irvin aneey sameenda pii. fernando. aaa abhyasma, teey black-rumped flameback saathe sankaran paamyu hovaanu jaanvaa malyun hatoo. sankaran trikomalithi puttalam sarovarnaa paaya sudhini sarhadni uttare aneey mullaitivuthi mannar sudhini sarhadni dakshine kendrit chhe. aaa sarhadni bahaar sankaran ochhu chhe, jyaan kaalaa-rumped flameback sarhadni uttare prabhutva dharaave chhe jyaare laal-backed flameback sarhadni dakshinma prabhutva dharaave chhe. teey sankar hinataanaa cases chhe, jemaa shuddh prajaatio sankar karataa vadhu safal chhe. teey laal rangnee flamebackni trana prajatiomathi aek chhe jeey maatra shrilanka aneey phillipinesmaa jovaa maley chhe. teey ekmatra laal rangnee "denopium" prajaati pann chhe. anya laal flamebacks shrilankaanaa kiramji pithwala flameback ("chrysocolaptes stricklandy") aneey phillipinesna luzon flameback ("chrysolaptes hematribone") chhe (pilaa chaheravala flameback ("chrysolaptes zenthocephalus") sivaay), parantu teey mote bhaage peelo hoya chhe.) aaa samaan laxan (aekbeejaani utkranti dwara beey sajeevo dwara vahenchaayelu laxan, jeno arth chhe keey samaan utkrantina dabaanne kaarane teo swatantra reete samaan banvaa maate vikaseet thayaa) soochave chhe keey shrilanka aneey phillipinesmaa ketlaak utkrantina dabaanne kaarane temnaa sthaaneek flamebacks laal thaee gayaa hataa. koee petajatio odakhaati nathee. varnan. lambaima. motaabhaage kaalee paachhalni dhaarthi paankho saathe kiramji rung. avyavasthit kaalaa nishan saathe neechena bhaago safed. chhaati aneey gardan kaalaa rangnaa hoya chhe, jemaa galaa parr safed follio aneey stana parr safed dagha hoya chhe. kaalee aankhnee patti garadanni paachhal sudhee vistare chhe aneey aankh aneey gardan vachche safed rekhaao saathe gardan aneey uparnee pithamaa felaay chhe. temaa laal taaj hoya chhe, jemaa kapaal aneey kapaal kaalaa rangnaa hoya chhe aneey striomaa safed rung hoya chhe. aankh kaalee aankhnee patti vachche chhupayeli hoya chhe. temaa ekdam kadnaa grey nooat hoya chhe, jeey aek bholo bindu banaave chhe. kishoro ochha bolled nishaano saathe manda hoya chhe, jemaa purushone taaj parr safed follio hoya chhe aneey streeone thodaa follio hoya chhe jooe koee nahee. sankar kaan too mote bhaage narangi athavaa pilaa (laal-pithwala flamebackni najik) saathe laal hoi shake chhe athavaa mote bhaage laal athavaa narangi (kaalaa-rumped flamebackni najik) saathe peelo hoi shake chhe. nivassthan. tenaa koodarti nivassthanoma upaushnakatibandhiy athavaa ushnkatibandhiy shushk jangalo, upaushnakatibandhiy athavaa ushnkatibandhiy bhejwala nichanvala jangalo aneey upaushnakatibandhiy athavaa ushnkatibandhiy mangrove jangalo chhe, jemaa gharnaa bageecha jevaa manavsarjit vatavaranno samaavesh thaay chhe. tene durthi joee shakaay chhe. mote bhaage shushk vistaarmaa jovaa maley chhe, parantu bhejvaalu vatavaran pasand karey chhe. vartan aneey paryaavaran. avaaj aneey avaaj. teno avaaj tikshna dhunvaalu chhe jeey "dii" karataa vadhu sangeetmay aneey karkash chhe. banglance ". teey kaan too laybaddh "voik-voik-wick-vee-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trrrr!" maan jaee shake chhe!"athavaa punraavartit" voik-trii-trii-trii-trii-trii-trii-trii-!"jeey trana second sudhee chaale chhe. temaa 0.8-1.5 secondno neeras drum roll hoya chhe. ghaschara. aahaar. tenaa khoraakno mukhya srot kideeo chhe. teey suthaar kideeo ("camponotus" spp) neey pasand karey chhe.), "maranoplus" jaatima kideeo, aneey aeshiyan vankar kideeo ("ecophila smaragdina") naa pupa aneey larva. khavama aavtaa anya aprushthvanshi pranioma karoleeya, caterpillar, ghuvad aneey bhrungno samaavesh thaay chhe. aaharma fiber aneey anya poshak tattvona strot tareeke kyarek kyarek ketlaak falo pann khaay chhe. pashu vartan. teey tenee punchhadino upyog vruksho parr chadhava maate aadhaar tareeke karey chhe, aneey flap-anned-glide bounding patternma udey chhe. teey vrukshomaa jaj vankar keedeeona pandadana maalaoma tutee jaay chhe parantu jameen parnee keedeeona maalaao sudhee pahonchvaa maate jameen parr utaree aave chhe. ekalaa, jodeemaa athavaa paarivaarik jooth tareeke ghaaschaaro karey chhe, aneey ghanivaar anya "denopium" flamebaxnee jaim ghetaanne ghascharani bahoo-prajatioma jodaay chhe. samvardhan. teey ghanee chull unchaio parr maalaana chhidrone drill karey chhe. aaa chhidro, jeey maatra lakkadkhod, barbets aneey anya pickiforms dwara jaj banaavi shakaay chhe, teey popat jevaa anya polaan-maalo lagaavtaa paksheeo maate maalo bandhvani jagyaao chhe, jeo potaana chhidro banaavi shaktaa nathee. ketalikvaar beey vaar santaan thaay chhe, parantu saamanya reete darr mosammaa maatra aek jaj clutch nakhvama aave chhe. teey december-septemberthi mukhyatve august-september aneey februari-junthi prajanan karey chhe. aek clutch deeth beey-trana indaa nakhvama aave chhe. sanraxan. tene iucn laal soochima ochhama ochhi chinta tareeke chinhit karvaamaa aavee chhe, kaaran keey tenee stheer chhataa agnaat vastee chhe aneey tenee tulnaatmak reete naanee shreneema teey sthaaneek reete saamanya chhe. koee ghataado keey dhamkio odakhvaamaa aavee nathee. teey khoob jaj saamanya chhe, shrilankaanaa junglefaul, shrilankaanaa lataktaa popat aneey kiramji-aagalnaa barbet saathe samagr shrilankama "saamanya" sthaaneek rogomaano aek chhe. teey shrilankama lakkadkhodni sauthee saamanya prajaati chhe.

laal-samarthit lau laal-samarthit lau, cumm srilanka lau, srilanka laal-samarthit kathfodwa yaa sealon laal-samarthit kathfodwa (denopium sarroads) pikide parivaar mein pakshi kii ack prajaati haye. yeh srilanka key liye sthaanik haye, kewal sudur-uttar mein anupasthit haye. ise kabhi-kabhi black-rumped flameback kii upa-prajaati maanaa jaataa haye. phylogenetics. ise legg key samay seey ack sthaanik prajaati maanaa jaataa rhaa haye. ise pahali baar "brackipertness" vansh mein "brackipertness celonus" key roop mein rakhaa gayaa thaa."baad mein ise black-rumped flameback (" "denopium benghalens" ") kii upa-prajaati key roop mein" "denopium benghalens sarroads" "key roop mein jodaa gayaa thaa. sampath aiss dwara kiye gaye ack adhyayan mein ise poorna prajaati kii sthiti mein laaya gayaa thaa. seneviratne, darren ee. irvin, aur saminda pee. fernando. iss adhyayan mein, yeh kaale-rumped flameback key saath sankarit paaya gayaa thaa. sankaran trikomali seey puttalam lagoon key aadhar taka ack seema key uttar mein aur mullaitu seey mannar taka ack seema key dakshin mein kendrit haye. iss seema seey sankaran cumm hotaa haye, jahaan seema key uttar mein kaali-rump vaali lau haavi hoti haye jabaki seema key dakshin mein laal-samarthit lau haavi hoti haye. yeh sankar heenata kaa ack mamla haye, jisamen shuddh prajaatiyan sankar kii tulanaa mein adhik safal hoti hain. yeh laal rung kii lau kii teen prajaatiyon mein seey ack haye joe kewal srilanka aur phillippeans mein paaee jaati haye. yeh ekmatra laal rung kii "denopium" prajaati bhee haye. anya laal jwaalaaen srilanka kii laal-peeth vaali jwala ("chrysocolleptase stricklandy") aur phillippeans kii luzon jwala ("chrysocleptase hematribon") hain (peele chehare vaali jwala ("chrysocleptase zanthocephalus") koo chhodkar), lekin yeh jyaadaatar pealy hoti haye.) yeh samaan visheshta (dou jeevon dwara abhisari vikas dwara saajha ack visheshta, jiska arth haye kii way samaan vikaasvaadi dabaavon key kaaran swatantra roop seey samaan honey key liye vikasit hue) seey pataa chalata haye kii srilanka aur phillippeans mein kuchh vikaasvaadi dabaav ney unaki sthaanik lau koo laal curr diyaa. koee upa-prajaati maanyata praapt naheen haye. varnan. lambai mein. jyaadaatar laal rung key saath kaale peechhe key kinaaron seey pankh taka. kharaab kaale nishan key saath safed bhaag. stun aur gardan kaale rung key hotey hain aur galey parr safed dhabbe hotey hain aur stun parr safed dhabbe hotey hain. ack kaali palak gardan key peechhe taka faili hoti haye aur aankh aur gardan key beach safed rekhaaon key saath gardan aur oopari peeth mein failati haye. isamen ack laal mukut hotaa haye, jisamen agrapatal aur maathe parr kaale dhabbe hotey hain aur mahilaaon mein safed dhabbe hotey hain. aankh kaali palak key beach chhipi hui haye. isamen kaafee aakar kaa dhusar rung kaa bill hotaa haye, joe ack kund bindu banaata haye. kishore cumm bolled nishan key saath sust hotey hain, purushon key mukut parr safed dhabbe hotey hain aur mahilaaon key saath kuchh dhabbe hotey hain yadi koee naheen. sankar yaa tou jyaadaatar narangi yaa peele rung key saath laal hoe sakate hain (laal-samarthit lau key karib) yaa jyaadaatar laal yaa narangi key saath peele (kaale-rumped lau key karib) hoe sakate hain. nivaas sthaan. isake praakritik awas uposhnakatibandhiya yaa ushnakatibandhiya shushk vann, uposhnakatibandhiya yaa ushnakatibandhiya nama nimn bhoomi vann, aur uposhnakatibandhiya yaa ushnakatibandhiya mangrove vann hain, jinamen gharelu udyaan jaise maanav nirmit vatavaran shamil hain. ise door seey dekhaa jaa sakata haye. jyaadaatar shushk kshetra mein paaya jaataa haye, lekin aardr vatavaran pasand kartaa haye. vyavhaar aur paaristhitiki. aavaaz aur aavaaz. isaki aavaaz ack tej jhunjhuni haye joe "dee" kii tulanaa mein adhik sangeetaheen aur karkash haye. benghalens. yeh yaa tou layabaddh "vaayak-vaayak-wike-vaai-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trrr!" mein jaa sakata haye."yaa ack baar-baar" vaayak-tree-tree-tree-tree-tree-tree-!"joe teen sekand taka rahata haye. isamen 0.8-1.5 sekand kaa sust drum roll hotaa haye. chaara. aahar. isake bhojan kaa mukhya srot cheentiyaan hain. aisaa lagata haye kii yeh badhai cheentiyon ("camponotus" spp) koo pasand kartaa haye.), genus "meranoplus" mein cheentiyaan, aur asiai bunkar cheentiyon ("okofila smaragina") key pyupa aur larva. anya aksheruki jeevon mein makadiyan, caterpillar, vivil aur bhring shamil hain. aahar fiber aur anya poshak tatvon key srot key roop mein kabhi-kabhi kuchh phal bhee khaate hain. vyavhaar koo badhaava denaa. yeh pedon parr chadhane key liye apani poonchh kaa upayog kartaa haye, aur ack flap-aind-glide bounding pattern mein udataa haye. yeh pedon mein bunkar cheentiyon key patte key ghonsale mein toot jaataa haye lekin jameen parr maujood cheentiyon key ghonsale taka pahunchane key liye jameen parr utar jaataa haye. akele chaara, jode mein yaa ack parivaar samooh key roop mein, aur aksar anya "denopium" flameback kii tarah jhundon key liye bahu-prajaatiyon mein shamil hoe jaate hain. prajanan. yeh kaee parivartansheel unchaaiyon parr ghonsale key chhed koo abhyaas kartaa haye. yeye chhed, jinhen kewal kathfodwa, barbets aur anya pickiform dwara banaaya jaa sakata haye, tote jaise anya guha-ghonsale vaale pakshiyon key liye ghonsale banaane vaale sthal hain, joe apane swayam key chhed naheen banaa sakate hain. kabhi-kabhi dou baar santan paida hoti haye, lekin aamtaur parr prati mausam kewal ack clutch rakhaa jaataa haye. yeh disambar-sitambar seey, mukhya roop seey agast-sitambar aur farwari-juuna seey prajanan kartaa haye. prati clutch dou-teen andey diye jaate hain. sanrakshan. ise iucn laal soochi mein sabse cumm chinta key roop mein chihnit kiya gayaa haye, kyonki isaki ack sthir lekin agyaat aabaadi haye aur yeh apani tulanaatmak roop seey chhoti seema mein sthaaniya roop seey aam haye. naa tou koee girawat aaee haye aur naa hii koee khatra. yeh bahut aam haye, srilanka mein "aam" sthaanik rogon mein seey ack haye, saath hii srilanka key jangli murgi, srilanka key latakate tote aur laal rung key saamane barbet. yeh srilanka mein sabse aam kathfodwa prajaati haye.

kempu-himbhagada jwalamukhi kempu-bennina flameback, kadime srilanka flameback, srilanka kempu-bennina marakutiga athawa silan kempu-bennina marakutiga (denopium sasaarodgalu) pikide kutumbada ondu jaatiya pakshiyaagide. idu srilankaadalli sthaliyavaagiddu, doorada uttaradalli maatra kandubaruvudilla. idannu kelavomme kappu-rumped flamebackn upavargavendu pariganisalaaguttade. phylogenetics. legz kaaladindalu idannu sthaliya prabhedavendu pariganisalaagide. idannu modalu "brachipternus" kuladalli "brachipternus silonus" endu irisalaayitu."idannu nantara kappu-rumped flameback (" "dynopium benghalens" ") naa upavargavaagi," "dynopium benghalens sasaarodgalu" "endu ottugudisalaayitu". sampat ess nadesida adhyayanadalli idannu purna prabhedada sthaanamanakke airisalaayitu. seneviratne, darren ii. irvin mattu saminda pii. fernando. ee adhyayanadalli, idu kappu-rumped flamebacknondige sankarikaranagolluvudu kandubandide. sankareekaranavu trinkomaliyinda puttalam sarovarada taladavarege gadiya uttarakke mattu mullaitivuvininda mannar varegina gadiya dakshinakke kendrikrutavagide. ee gadiya horage sankareekaranavu kadime ide, allie kappu-rumped flameback gadiya uttaradalli praabalya saadhisuttade mattu kempu-bembalita flameback gadiya dakshinadalli praabalya saadhisuttade. idu mishratali kilarime prakaranavagide, idaralli suddha prabhedagalu mishrataligaliginta hecchu yashasviyaguttave. srilanka mattu philipinesnalli maatra kandubaruva kempu bannada jwaalaamukhigala mooru prabhedagalalli idu ondaagide. idu kempu bannada ekaika "dynopium" prabhedavagide. itara kempu jwaalaamukhigalendare srilankada kadugempu-bennina jwalamukhi ("chrysocolaptes stricklandy") mattu phillipinesna luzhan jwalamukhi ("chrysocolaptes hematriban") (haladi-mukhada jwalamukhi ("chrysocolaptes xanthocephalus") horatupadisi), aadare idu hechchaagi haladi bannaddagide.) ee sadrusha lakshanavu (eradu jivigalu ommukhavaada vikaasadinda hanchikonda gunalaksana, andare avu onde reetiya vikaasaatmaka ottadagalindaagi svatantravagi onde reeti vikasanagondive) srilanka mattu philipinesnallina kelavu vikaasaatmaka ottadavu avugala sthaliya jwaaleya himbhagagalu kempu bannakke tirugalu kaaranavaayitu endu soochisuttade. yaavude upavargagalannu gurutisalagilla. vivarane. sumaru udda. rekkegalavarege kappu himbhagada anchugalondige hechchaagi kandu bannaddagide. kalape kappu gurutugalondige kelabhagagalu bili. ede mattu kuttigeyu kappu bannaddagiruttave, gantalina mele bili kalegalu mattu stanada mele bili geregalu iruttave. kappu kannina pattiyu kuttigeya himbhagakke vistarisuttade mattu kannu mattu kuttigeya naduve bili geregalondige kuttige mattu melina benninolage haraduttade. idu kempu kireetavannu hondiddu, haneya mele kappu bannada mattu hennina mele bili bannada chukkegalive. kannu kappu kannina pattiya naduve adagiruttade. idu saakashtu gatrada boodu bannada notannu hondiddu, idu mondaada binduvannu roopisuttade. hadihareyadavaru kadime dappa gurutugalondige mandavagiruttare, purusharu kireetada mele bili kalegalannu hondiruttaare mattu mahileyaru yaavudoo illadiddaroo kadime kalegalannu hondiruttaare. mishrataligalu hechchaagi kempu mattu kittale athawa haladi (kempu-bennina flamebackge hattira) athawa hechchaagi haladi mattu kempu athawa kittale (kappu-rumped flamebackge hattira) agirabahudu. aavasasthaana. idara naisargika aavaasasthaanagalendare upaushnavalayada athawa ushnavalayada ona kadugalu, upaushnavalayada athawa ushnavalayada tevaamshavulla taggu aranyagalu mattu upaushnavalayada athawa ushnavalayada mangrove kadugalu, idaralli maney udyaanagalantaha manava nirmita parisaravoo seride. idannu dooradindaloo nodabahudu. hechchaagi shushka valayadalli kandubaruttade, aadare tevaamshavulla vatavaranavannu ishtapaduttade. vartane mattu parisara. dhwani mattu dhwani. adara dhwaniyu tikshnavaada huchchutanaddagiddu, idu "dii" ginta hecchu sangeetarahita mattu kooguttade. bengalens ". idu layabaddhavaada "voic-voic-wick-vii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trrrr!"athawa punaraavartita" voic-trai-trai-trai-trai-trai-trai-trai!"idu mooru sekendugala kaala iruttade. 0. 8-1.5 sekendugala manda drum roll hondide. mevu. aharakrama. iruvegalu idara mukhya aahara moolagalaagive. idu badagi iruvegalige ("camponotus" spp) aadyate niiduttade.), "meranoplus" kulada iruvegalu, mattu asean nekaara iruvegala ("okofilla smragdina") pupa mattu larvagalu. tinnuva itara akasherukagalalli jedagalu, marihulugalu, kalegalu mattu jirundegalu serive. aahaarada narinamsha mattu itara poshakaamshagala moolavaagi kelavomme kelavu hannugalannu saha tinnuttade. bete maaduva nadavalike. idu maragalannu hattalu tanna baalavannu aadhaaravaagi balasuttade mattu flop-und-glide bounding maadariyalli haaruttade. idu maragalallie nekaara iruvegala ele goodugalaagi wadeyuttade aadare nelada iruvegala goodugalannu praveshisalu nelakke iliyuttade. ontiyaagi, jodiyagi athawa ondu kutumbada gumpagi mevugalu, mattu itara "dynopium" flamebackgalante, anekavele bahu-prabhedagala mevu hindugalannu seruttave. santanotpatti. idu aneka badalaaguttiruva ettaragalalli goodina randhragalannu shodhisuttade. marakutigagalu, barbetgalu mattu itara pikifaarmgalinda maatra nirmisabahudaada ee randhragalu, giligalantaha itara kuharada goodukattuva pakshigalige goodukattuva taanagalaagive, avu tammade aada randhragalannu maadalu sadhyavilla. kelavomme eradu baari santaanavruddhi, aadare samanyavagi prati rtuvinalli kevala ondu clutch annu haakalaaguttade. idu december-septemberninda, pradhaanavaagi august-september mattu phebravari-zoon ninda santanotpatti maaduttade. prati klachge eradu-mooru mottegalannu haakalaaguttade. samrakshane. idu sthiravaada aadare aparichita janasankhyeyannu hondiruvudarinda mattu tulanaatmakavaagi sanna vyaaptiyalli sthaliyavaagi samanyavagiruvudarinda idannu iucn kempu pattiyalli kanishta kaalajiyendu gurutisalaagide. yaavude kusita athawa bedarikegalannu gurutisalagilla. srilankada kaadu hakki, srilanka nenu haakida gili mattu kandu bannada mumbhagada barbet jotege shrilankaadaadyanta "saamaanya" sthaliyategalalli ondaada idu tumba saamaanyavaagide. idu srilankaadalli atyanta saamaanya marakutiga prabhedavagide.

laal-pathicha fleemback laal-pathicha flameback, qamee srilanka flameback, srilanka laal-pathicha kathfodwa kinwa selon laal-pathicha kathfodwa (denopium sarroads) hii pikide kutumbatil pakshyanchi eka prajati aahe. too shrilankesathi sthanik aahe, fakt sudur-uttarela anupasthit aahe. kadhikadhi tee kalya-rumped flamebackchi upaprajati manali jaate. phylogenetics. legchya kalapasoon tee eka sthanik prajati manali jaat aalee aahe. too pratham 'brackipterns' yaa vanshamadhye 'brackipterns celonus' mhanoon thevanyat aala."nantar tyala black-rumped flameback (" "denopium benghalens" ") chya upaprajati mhanoon," "denopium benghalens sarroads" "mhanoon ekatra kele gele". sampath ess. yanni kelelya abhyasat tyala purn prajaticha darja denyat aala. seneviratne, darren eae. irvin aanee saminda pii. fernando. yaa abhyasat, teey kalya-rumped flembacks sankarit jhalyache aadhalun aale. sankarikaran trikonmatipasun puttalam sarovarachya payathyaparyantchya simechya uttares aanee mullaitivu teey mannarparyantchya simechya dakshines kendrit aahe. yaa simechya baher sankarikaran qamee aahe, jithe kalya-rumped flamebache simechya uttarevar varchasva aahe tarr laal-pathicha flameback simechya dakshines varchasva aahe. heey sankarit hinateche eka udaharan aahe, jyamadhye shuddha prajati sankaritanpeksha adhik yashasvi asatat. keval srilanka aanee philipinesmadhye philipinesmadhye laal rangachya flamebachya teen prajatinpaiki hii eka aahe. hii laal rangachi 'denopium' chee ekmev prajati dekhil aahe. itar laal flameback mhanje shrilankeche kirmiji-prushthbhag asalele flameback (chrysocoleptase stricklandy) aanee phillipinesche luzon flameback (chrysoleptase hematribon) (pivalya (pivalya flameback (chrysoleptase zanthocephalus) vagalata), parantu teey bahutek pivale asate.) heey samaan vaishishtya (done jivanmadhye abhisaran utkrantidvare samayik kelele eka vaishishtya, jyacha arth assa aahe qee samaan utkranti dabavamule teey swatantrapane samaan honyasathi vikasit jhaale) asey soochit karate qee srilanka aanee phillipinesmadhil kahee utkranti dabavamule tyanche sthanik flameback laal jhaale. konatyahi upprajatila manyata nahee. varnan. sumare lambi. mukhytah lalsar aanee kalya magchya kadaa aanee pankh. gadad kalya khuna asalele khalche bhag pandhare asatat. chhati aanee maan kalya rangachi asoon, ghashat pandhare thipke aanee stanavar pandhare patte asatat. dolhyachya kalya pattya manechya mageel bajus pasaratat aanee dolha aanee manechya darmyan darmyan pattyansah, manechya aanee varchya pathimadhye pasaratat. tyala laal mukut aahe, kapal aanee kapal kaale aanee mahilanmadhye pandhare daag aahet. dolhyacha patta kalya pattyamadhye lapavala jaato. tyachi note note aakarane rakhadi asate, jee eka bhola bindu tayar karate. kishoravayin mule qamee thalak khuna asaleli mand asatat, purushanchya mukutavar pandhare thipke asatat aanee mahilanchya mukutavar kahee thipke nasatat tarr kahee nasatat. sankarit ektar mukhytah laal aanee naringi kinwa pivalya rangache (laal-pathichya flamebachya jawal) kinwa mukhytah pivalya aanee laal kinwa naringi rangache (kalya-rumped flamebachya jawal) asoo shakatat. adhivas. uposhnakatibandhiy kinwa ushnakatibandhiy koradi jangale, uposhnakatibandhiy kinwa ushnakatibandhiy ardra sakhal pradeshachi jangale aanee uposhnakatibandhiy kinwa ushnakatibandhiy kharfutichi jangale, jyat gharguti bagansarkhya manavnirmit vatavaranacha samavesh aahe, heey tyache naisargik adhivas aahet. teey durvaroon pahile jaau shakate. bahutek korade kshetra aadhalate, parantu damat vatavaran aavadate. vartan aanee paryavaran. aavaj aanee aavaj. tyacha aavaj tikshna aahe joou 'dii' peksha adhik sangitmay aanee karkash aahe. bengalens ". teey ektar laybaddh 'vayak-vayak-wick-wii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trarrrr!' madhye jaau shakate!"kinwa punha punha" voic-trii-trii-trii-trii-trii-trii-trii-!"jeey teen sekand chalate. 0. 8-1.5 sekandancha mand drum roll aahe. chaara. aahar. mungya haah tyachya annacha mukhya srot aahe. sutar mungya ("camponotus" ess. pii. pii.) yanna teey pradhanya dete asey disate.), 'meranoplus' vanshatil mungya aanee ashiyai vinkar mungya ('ecophila smragdina') chey pupa aanee alya. khanyat khanyat itar aksheruki pranyanmadhye kolee, survant, kavale aanee bhring yancha samavesh hoto. aaharatil tantuncha aanee itar poshak tattvancha srot mhanoon kahee fale dekhil adhunmadhun khatat. chalakiche vartan. tee zadanvar chadhanyasathi aadhar mhanoon tyachi shepati vaparte aanee flap-andd-glide bounding patternmadhye udate. tee zadanmadhyech vinkar mungya yanchya pananchya gharatyanmadhye modate parantu jaminivaril mungya yanchya gharatyanmadhye jaanyasathi jaminivar utarate. ektech, jodyanmadhye kinwa kautumbik gut mhanoon chaara ghetat aanee itar "dynopium" flamebackpramanech anekada kalpanna chaara chaara bahu-prajatinmadhye sameel hotat. prajnan. teey anek anek unchivar gharatyache chhidra kadhate. keval kathfodi, barbets aanee itar pickiformdware bandhale jaau shakanare heey chhidra, popatasarkhya itar pokali-gharatyachya pakshyansathi gharate bandhanyachi thikane aahet, jeey swatache chhidra banavoo shakat naheet. kadhikadhi donada mule vadhatat, parantu sahasa pratyek hangamat fakt eka clutch thewali jaate. december-septemberpasoon, pramukhyane august-septemberpasoon aanee februwari-junparyant tyachi prajnan hote. pratyek guthalimadhye done-teen undy dilee jaatat. sanwardhan. aay. yuu. see. aine. chya laal yadeet heey sarvat qamee chinteche aahe, kaaran tyachi loksankhya sthir aahe parantu adnyat aahe aanee tulanene lahan shreneet tee sthanik patalivar samanya aahe. konatihi ghasaran kinwa dhoke olakhale gele naheet. shrilanketil jangali pakshi, latkanara srilanka popat aanee lalsar samoril barbets, sampoorn shrilanket 'samanya' sthanik roganpaiki eka, heey khoop samanya aahe. hii shrilanketil sarvat samanya kathfodichi prajati aahe.

rato-samarthit flameback rato-back flameback, lesser shrilanka flameback, shrilanka rato-back kaththokara wa celone rato-back kaththokara (denopium cyroads) pikide pariwarma raheko charako prajati how. yo shrilankama sthaniya chha, sudur-uttarma matra anupasthit chha. yasalai kahilekaahin callo-rumped flamebacko upaprajati manincha. phylogenetics. yasalai legko samayadekhi nai sthaniya prajati manincha. yasalai pahilo patak "brachaiptarnas" wanshama "brachaiptarnas celonus" ko rupma rakhieko thiyo."yasalai pachhi callo-rumped flameback (" "denopium bengalens" ") ko upaprajatiko rupma" "denopium bengalens saroads" "ko rupma jamma garieko thiyo. sampath esdwara garieko adhyayanma yasalai purna prajatiko sthitima sarieko thiyo. seneviratne, darren eae. irwin, rar saminda pee. fernando. yass adhyayanma, yo callo-rumped flamebacksang sankar bhaeko fela pareko thiyo. sankarkaran trinkomalidekhi puttalam talko adharsamma simako uttarma rar mullaitiwudekhi mannarasammako simanako dakshinma kendrit chha. yass simabata bahira sankarkaran cum hunchha, jahaan callo-rumped flameback simako uttarma prabhutwa jamaunchha jabki rato-back flameback simako dakshinma prabhutwa jamaunchha. yo sankar hinatako mamla how, jasma shudha prajatiharu sankarharu bhanda badhi safal hunchhan. yo rato rangko flamebacka tinn prajatiharu madhye ek how june shrilanka rar filipinsma matra painchha. yo rato rangko ek matra "denopium" prajati pani how. anya rato flamebackharu shrilankako crimson-back flameback ("criscolaptase stricklandy") rar filipinsko lujan flameback ("criscolaptase hematribone") (pahenlo anuharko flameback ("criscolaptase janthocephalus") bahek) hun, tara yo prayaha pahenlo hunchha.) yo saman visheshta (abhisari vikasdwara dui jiwaharudwara sajha garieko visheshta, jasko artha tiniharu saman vikaswadi dababharuko karan swatantra rupma saman huna wiksit bhaeka chhan) shrilanka rar filipinsma kehi vikaswadi dabable uniharuko sthaniya flamebackharu rato bhaeko sujhawa dinchha. kunai upaprajatiharu pahichan garieko chhaina. warnan. lagbhag lambai. prayaha callo pachhadi kinaraharudekhi pakhasammako rato. callo dagka sath bhitri bhagharu seto. ghantima seto dag rar chhatima seto dagsahit stan rar ghaanti callo hunchha. callo aankhaako patti ghaantiko pachhadi failieko hunchha rar aankha rar ghaantiko bichma seto rekhaharusahit ghaanti rar mathillo pithyunma failinchha. yasama rato mukut chha, mahilaharuma seto rar callo dhabbaharu bhaeko kapal rar kapal chha. aankha callo aankhaako pattima lukeko hunchha. yasama ekdam akarko khairo note chha, jasle ek bhola bindu banaunchha. kishorharu cum bold chinhaharu bhaeka susta hunchhan, purushharuma mukutma seto dagharu hunchhan rar mahilaharuma kehi dagharu hunchhan yadi kunai hoina bhane. sankar yaa tata prayaha rato rar suntala wa pahenlo (rato-back flamebacko najik) wa prayaha rato wa suntala (callo-rumped flamebacko najik) sanga pahenlo huna sakchha. awas. yasako prakritik basasthanharu uposhnakatibandhiya wa ushnakatibandhiya sukkha wanharu, uposhnakatibandhiya wa ushnakatibandhiya ardra tallo bhumi wanharu, rar uposhnakatibandhiya wa ushnakatibandhiya mangrove wanharu hun, jasma ghar bagaincha jasta manav nirmit watawaranharu samawesh chhan. yasalai tadhabata dekhna sakinchha. prayaha sukhkha kshetrama painchha, tara ardra watawaran munn paraunchha. wyawahar rar paristhitiki. awaz rar awaz. yasako awaz ek tikshna jhumko chha june "dee" bhanda badhi sangitahin rar chichyaune chha. bengalens ". yo yaa tata layabadha "woik-woik-wick-wee-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trararra!"wa barambar" woik-trea-trea-trea-trea-trea-trea-three-!"june tinn secondsamma rahanchha. yasama 0.8-1.5 secondko susta dramol chha. charo. ahar. yasako khanako mukhya srota chituwa hun. yasale suthar chituwa ("camponotus" spplai ruchaunchha jasto dekhinchha.), "meranoplus" wanshaka chuhaharu, rar asealy bunakar chuhonka pyupa rar larbha ("ikofila smaragina"). khaan sakine anya akasherukiharuma makadaharu, caterpillerharu, bhebhilharu rar bhringaharu samawesh chhan. ahar fibre rar anya poshak tatwaharuko srotko rupma kahilekaahin kehi falharu pani khanchhan. pashu wyawahar. yasale yasako puchchharlai rukhharu chadhnako lagi samarthanko rupma prayog gardacha, rar flap-anned-glide bounding dhanchama udchha. yo rukhharuma bunakar chituwaharuko patko gundama tuteko chha tara jaminma chituwaharuko gundama pugna jaminma tall jharchha. eklai, jodima wa pariwarik samuhako rupma, rar prayaha anya "denopium" flamebackharu jastai bahu-prajatiharu charaune jhundaharuma samel hunchhan. prajanan. yasale dherai pariwartanshil uchaima ghonsaleka pwalharu drill gardacha. yee pwalharu, june kewal kaththokara, barbett rar anya pikifarmaharudwara nirman garna sakinchha, anya guha-ghonsala banaune charaharu jastai toteharuka lagi ghonsala banaune sthalharu hun, jasle afnai pwalharu banauna sakdainan. kahilekaahin dui patak bachcha janmaunchhan, tara samanyataya prati sijan euta clutch matra rakhinchha. yo december-septemberdekhi, mukhyataya august-september rar february-jundekhi prajanan hunchha. prati clutch dui-tean anda diinchha. sanrakshan. yasalai iucn rato suchima sabaibhanda cum chintako rupma chihnit garieko chha, kinki yasako sthira tara agyat janasankhya chha rar yasako tulanatmak rupma sano dayarama sthaniya rupma samanya chha. kunai girawat wa khatara pahichan garieko chhaina. yo dherai samanya chha, shrilankama "samanya" sthanik rogharu madhye ek how, shrilankako jungley charaharu, shrilankako jhundyairaheko tote, rar lall-agadi barbett. yo shrilankama sabaibhanda samanya kathathokadako prajati how.

laal-pithira flameback laal-pithira flameback, chhot shreelanka flameback, shreelanka laal-pithira kathathokara kimba sellon laal-pithira kathathokara (denopium saroad) heuchhi pikidi paribarara eka prajati pakhi . ehaa shreelankare sthaniah, kebala sudoora-uttarare anupasthita . belebele ehaaku kalaa-rumped flamebackra eka upaprajati bhabare bibechana karajae . phylogenetics. legg samajaru ehaaku eka sthaniah prajati bhabare bibechana karajae . ehaaku prathame "brachiptorns" ganare "brachiptorns celonus" bhabare rakhajaithila."parey ehaaku kalaa-rumped flameback (" "dynopium bengalensa" ") rahr upaprajati bhabare" "dynopium bengalensa saroad" "bhabare ekatrita karajaithila. sampath ess. nka eka adhyajanare ehaaku sampurna prajati sthitiku unneet karajaithila. senebhiratne, darren ee. irawin, ebong saminda pii. fernando. ehi adhyajanare ehaa kalaa-rumped flameback sahita sankaran hoithiba dekhibaku milithila. ehi sankaran trinkomali thaaru puttalam hrada tala parjyanta eka seemar uttarare ebong mullaitibhuru mannara parjyanta eka seemar dakhinare kendribhuta hoichhi. ehi seema bahare sankaran comm hoithae, jeunthare seemarekhara uttarare kalaa-rumped flameback pradhanya bistara karuthibabele seemarekhara dakhinare laal-backed flameback pradhanya bistara karithae. ehaa eka sankara hinatara mamla, jeunthire shudha prajatigudika sankara prajati tulanare adhika saphala hoithanti. ehaa kebala shreelanka ebong philipainsare dekhajauthiba tinoti prajatira laal rangara flameback madhyaru gotie . ehaa madhya ekamatra laal rangara "dynopium" prajati. anya laal flameback gudika heuchhi shreelankara crimson-backed flameback ("chrysocolapts stricklandy"), ebong philipinesra lujan flameback ("chrysocolapts hematriban") (haladia muhn flameback ("chrysocolapts janthocephals") byatita), kintu ehaa prajatah haladia .) ehi anuroopa baisistya (duiti jeebanka dwara abhisari bibartana dwara anshidara hoithiba eka baisistya, jahara artha heuchhi je samaana bibartana chaap hetu semane swadheena bhabare samaana hebaku bikashita hoithile) suchita kare je shreelanka ebong philipainsare kichhi bibartana chaap semanankara sthaniah flameback laal hebaku kaaran hoithila . kaunasi upaprajati chinhat hoinahin. barnana. pakhapakhi lumb. mukhyatah laal rangara ebong pachapakhe thiba kalaa dhaararu dena parjyanta. kalankita kalaa chinha sahita talabhaga dhalaa . stana ebong bekare kalaa rangara daaga thaae, galare dhalaa daaga ebong stanare dhalaa daaga thaae. eka kalaa istrip bekara pacha bhaga parjyanta prasarita hue ebong aakhi ebong bekare dhalaa rekha sahita pithi ebong upara pithi parjyanta byapijae . ehara eka laal mukut achhi, jahara kapaara ebong kapaara kalaa daaga sahita mahilanka madhyare dhalaa daaga . aakhi kalaa aakhi patta madhyare luchai rahichhi. ehara eka motamoti akarara dhusara note achhi, jaahaa eka bhola bindu gathan kare . kishoramane comm gadha chinha sahita nisteja hoithanti, purushamananka mukutare dhalaa daaga thaae ebong mahilamananka upare kichhi daaga naah thile madhya kichhi daaga nathaae . sankaragudika sadharanatah laal ebong kamala kimba haladia (laal-pithira flameback nikatatar) kimba mukhyatah haladia ebong laal kimba kamala (kalaa-rumped flameback nikatatar) hoipare. basasthana. ehara prakrutika basasthanagudika heuchhi upakranteeja kimba grishmamandalija sushka jangala, upakranteeja kimba grishmamandalija ardra taliaa jangala, ebong upakranteeja kimba grishmamandalija hental bana, jeunthire gruha udyan bhali manab nirmita paribesha antarbhukta. ehaaku dooraru madhya dekhibaku milithae. adhikansha shukhila anchalare dekhajae, kintu ardra paribeshaku pasanda karanti . acharan ebong paribesha. swara ebong swara. ehara swara eka tikhna jhulithiba jaahaa "dii" apekhya adhika sangitahina ebong chitkara kare . bengalensa. ehaa eka chandamai "wick-wick-wick-wi-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trrrar!"kimba barambar" wick-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-!"jaahaa tini second parjyanta rahithae. ehara eka nisteja drumroll 0.8-1.5 second rahichhi. chaara. khadya. ehara khadyara mukhya utsa heuchhi pimpudi. ehaa badhei pimpudi ("camponotes" ess. pii. pii.) ku pasanda kare bolly manehue.), "meranoplus" ganara pimpudi, ebong asiah bunakara pimpudira piupa ebong larbha ("okofila smaragadina"). khauthiba anya amerudandi pranimananka madhyare makadasa, shukhila patra, bhendi ebong bhrunga antarbhukta . khadya fiber ebong anyanya poshaka tatwara utsa bhabare belebele kichhi phala madhya khaanti . chalana acharan. ehaa gacha chadhiba paain ehara lanjaku eka aadhara bhabare byabahara kare, ebong eka flap-ebong-glide baunding dhanchare udithae . ehaa gachare bunakara pimpudira patra gherare parinata hue, kintu maati pimpudira ghara parjyanta pahanchiba paain bhumire talaku olhaithae . ekaki, jodire kimba eka paribara gosthi bhabare, ebong prajatah anyanya "denopium" flameback pari bahu-prajati chaara palire joga die . prajnan. ehaa aneka paribartanashila uchchatare basna garttaku drill kare . ehi chhidragudika, jaahaa kebala kathathokara, barbet ebong anyanya pickiform dwara nirmana karajaipariba, anya gahwara-basna pakhi jepariki totapakhinka paain basna sthana, jeunmane nijaswa gartta tiari kariparibe naahin . belebele duithara santan janma hoithae, kintu sadharanatah prati ruture kebala gotie clutch rakhajae . ehaa december-september masaru, mukhyatah august-september masaru ebong februari-june masaru prajnan karithae. prati clutch ray dui-tiniti anda diajae . sanrakhyana. aai. jayu. sii. enn. laal talikare ehaa sarbanimna chintara bishai bhabe chinhita hoichhi, kaaran ehara eka sthira kintu agyata janasankhya rahichhi ebong ehara apekhyakruta chhot parisara madhyare ehaa sthaniah bhabe sadharana atte. kaunasi hrass kimba bipada chinhat karajainahni. ehaa ati sadharana, shreelankare eka "sadharana" sthaniah mahamari, shreelanka jangala pakhi, shreelanka jhulanta tota ebong laal-sammukh barbet sahita . ehaa shreelankara sabutharu sadharana kathathokara prajati .

laal-backed flimeback laal-backed flimeback, chhota srilanka flimeback, srilanka laal-backed lakkad daa kathfodwa jaan sealon laal-backed lakkad daa kathfodwa (denopium saroads) panchhi parivaar witch panchhi dee ikk prajati haii. ih srilanka laee sathanak haii, siraf door-uttar witch gairhazar haii. iss noon kaee vaar kaale rump vaale flameback dee upp-prajati manniaa jaanda haii. phylogenetics. iss noon legg dey samein toon hii ikk sathanak prajati manniaa jaanda riha haii. iss noon sabh toon pahilan "brackipterns" jeanus witch "brackipterns sealons" dey roop witch rakkhiaa giaa see."iss noon baad witch black-rumped flameback (" "denopium benglens" ") dee upp-prajati dey roop witch" "denopium benglens saroads" "dey roop witch jodiaa giaa see. sampath aiss duaara keete gaye ikk adhiaen witch iss noon puurii prajati dey rutbe takk uccha keeta giaa see. senveeratne, darren ee. irvin atey saminda pee. fernando. iss adhiaen witch, ih kaale-rump vaale flameback naal sankarmit paaiaa giaa see. sankarman trincomali toon putalam jheel dey adhaar takk ikk sarhadd dey uttar witch atey mulletivu toon mannar takk ikk sarhadd dey dakkhan witch kendrit haii. iss sarhadd toon bahr hybridisation ghatt haii, jitthe black-rumped flimeback sarhadd dey uttar witch haavi hunda haii jadon kii laal-backed flimeback sarhadd dey dakkhan witch haavi hunda haii. ih hybrid ghatiaapan daa ikk mamla haii, jiss witch shudh prajatiaan hybrid naalon vadhere safal hundiaan hunn. ih laal rung dee flackback deeaan tinn kisman vicchon ikk haii joe siraf srilanka atey philipines witch paaee jaandi haii. ih laal rung dee iklauti "denopium" prajati vee haii. horr laal flackback srilanka dey laal-backed flackback (chrysocolapts stricklandy) atey philipines dey luzen flackback (chrysocolapts hematorybone) hunn (peele chihre vaale flackback (chrysocolapts zenthocephals) noon chhadd keey), parr ih ziaadaatar peele rung daa hunda haii.) ih samaan visheshta (doou jeevan duaara ikk sanyukat vikas duaara sanjha keeta giaa ikk visheshta, jisda arth haii kii uh samaan vikasvadi dabaa dey caarn sutantar taur 'teey samaan honn laee vikast hoye) sujhaa dindi haii kii srilanka atey philipines witch kujh vikasvadi dabaa neey unhan dey sathanak loback noon laal qarr ditta. koee upp-prajatiaan dee pachanh naheen keeti gaee haii. varnan. lambai baare. ziaadaatar laal rung dey khambhan dey kaale pichhe vaale kinariaan dey naal. gandey kaale nishan dey naal underparts chitte. chhaati atey gardan kaale hunde hunn atey galey utte chitte dhabbe atey chhaati utte chitte dhabbe hunde hunn. ikk kaali eyestrip gardan dey pichle hisse takk faildi haii atey gardan atey uparli pitth witch faildi haii, jiss witch akkh atey gardan dey vichkaar chitty dhabbe hunde hunn. iss daa ikk laal taaj haii, jiss witch matthe atey matthe daa qaala dhabba haii atey aurtan witch chitta haii. akkh kaali akkhan dee patti dey vichkaar luki hoee haii. iss daa ikk kaafi akaar daa slaty bill haii, joe ikk dhundla bindu banaunda haii. nabalag ghatt bould nishan vaale naram hunde hunn, mardan dey taaj utte chitte dhabbe hunde hunn atey aurtan dey kujh dhabbe hunde hunn jey koee naheen. hybrid jaan taan ziaadaatar laal atey santri jaan peele (laal-backed flameback dey nede) jaan ziaadaatar peele atey laal jaan santri (kaale-rumped flameback dey nede) hoow sakde hunn. nivas sathaan. iss dey kudrati nivas sathaan upp-khandi jaan khandi sukke jangal, upp-khandi jaan khandi namee vaale hethle bhumi jangal atey upp-khandi jaan khandi mangrove jangal hunn, jinhan witch gharelu baagan varge manukh duaara banaae vatavaran shamal hunn. iss noon duron dekhiaa jaa sakda haii. ziaadaatar khushak khetar witch paaiaa jaanda haii, parr namee vaale vatavaran noon pasand karda haii. vivhaar atey vatavaran. aavaaz atey aavaaz. iss dee aavaaz ikk tikkhi jhandi haii joe "dee" naalon vadhere gair-sangeetak atey cheekdi haii. benglance". ih jaan taan ikk taal-jode "voic-voic-wick-vee-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trrr!"jaan vaar-vaar" voic-trie-trie-trie-trie-trie-trie-trie-trie!"joe tinn skint takk chalda haii. iss daa 0.8-1.5 skint daa ikk susat drum roll haii. chakkar lagauna. khurak. iss dey bhojan daa mukkh sarot keediaan hunn. ih tarkhan keediaan ("camponotes" spp noon tarjih dinda japda haii.), jeanus "meranopuls" witch keediaan, atey aci bunkar keediaan ("ocofila smaragadina") dey pioopa atey larva. khaann vaale horr akash-pakkhi janwaran witch makkadiaan, caterpillar, veevil atey beatle shamal hunn. khurak fibre atey horr paushtik tattan dey sarot vajon kadey-kadayin kujh fall vee khanda haii. changa vivhaar. ih rukkhan utte chadhan laee aapni pooch dee varton karda haii, atey ikk flap-aind-glide seema pattern witch uddada haii. ih rukkhan witch bunkar keediaan dey patte dey aalhane witch tutt jaanda haii parr zameen utte keediaan dey aalhane takk pahunchan laee zameen utte utarda haii. ikalle, jodiaan witch jaan ikk parivarak samooh dey roop witch, atey aksar horr "denopium" flamebax dee tarahan, bahu-prajatiaan dey jhundan noon charaun witch shamal hoow jaande hunn. prajanan. ih bahut saariaan parivartansheel uchaiaan 'teey aalhane dey chhek dee drill karda haii. ih chhek, joe siraf lakkad dey choone, barbets atey horr pickiforman duaara banaae jaa sakde hunn, tote varge horr guha-aalhane vaale panchhiaan laee aalhna banaun valiaan thaavan hunn, joe aapne khud dey chhek naheen bnaa sakde. kaee vaar doou vaar janam lainde hunn, parr aam taur 'teey pratee season siraf ikk clutch rakkhiaa jaanda haii. ih dasambar-satambar toon, mukkh taur utte agast-satambar atey farvari-juun toon prajanan karda haii. pratee clutch doou-tinn andey ditte jaande hunn. sambhal. iss noon aaee. yuu. see. ainn. laal suchi witch sabh toon ghatt chinta vajon darsaiaa giaa haii, kiunki iss dee ikk sathir parr anjaan aabadi haii atey ih aapni tulnatmak taur 'teey chhoti seema witch sathanak taur' teey aam haii. koee girawat jaan khatre dee pachanh naheen keeti gaee haii. ih bahut aam haii, srilanka dey jangal panchhi, srilanka latakde tote atey laal-front barbett dey naal, poore srilanka witch "aam" sathanak bimariaan vicchon ikk haii. ih srilanka witch sabh toon aam lakkad dey kanaan dee prajati haii.

laal-prushtam-flameback rakta-prushtabhaageeya-flameback, laghu-shrilanka-flameback, shrilanka-rakta-prushtabhaageeya-vadramgipindah athavaa silan-rakta-prushtabhaageeya-vadramgipindah (denopium-sasarodus) iti pikide-parivaarasya paksheesamprajaatih asti. shreelankaadeshasy krute etat sthaanikam asti, kevalam sudoor-uttareshu eva anupasthitam asti. kadaachit krushna-rumped-flameback ityasya upaprajaatih iti manyate. jaati-janita-tattvajnaanam. legg-kalat eva eshaa sthanikajatihi iti manyate. brachipterns" iti vamshasya "brachipterns celonus" iti namna prathamam sthaapitam."pashchat etat krushna-rumped-flameback (" denopium-bengaalens ") ityasya upaprajaatih iti," denopium-bengaalens-sasarodus "iti namna samyojitam. sampat ess ityanena adhyayanasya madhyamena etat poorna-prajatisampannam padaveem praapnot. senaveeratne, darren ee. irvin, tathaa saminda pee. fernando. asmin adhyayanasya matena krushna-rumped-flameback ityanena saha sankareekaranam bhavati iti dnyaatam. trinkomaalee-taha puttaalam-sarovarasya prushtabhaagaparyantam simayaha uttardishi, mullaitivu-taha mannar-paryantam simayaha dakshinadishi cha sankaranam kendreekrutam asti. asya simayam sankareekaranam nyunaa bhavati, yatra simayam uttardishi krushna-rumped-flameback-ityasya adhipatyam bhavati, simayam dakshinadishi rakta-prushtabhaagayuktah flameback-ityasya adhipatyam bhavati. etat sankar-hinatayaha prakaranam asti, yasmin shuddha-prajaatayah sankar-jatinam apekshayaa adhika-safalaani bhavanti. kevalam shrilankadeshe, philipines-deshe cha drushyamana raktavarnasya flamebax-ityasya trayanam prajaatau etat anyatam asti. eshaa ekamaatram raktavarnasya "denopium" prajaatih api asti. anye raktavarneeyaah flameback ityete santi shreelankaadeshasy crimson-prushtabhaagaah flameback ("chrysocolapts stricklandy"), tathaa cha philipines-deshasya luzon-flameback ("chrysocalapts hematriban") (peetavarneeyaah flameback ("chrysocalapts zyaanthosephaalas") ityetaani vihaay, parantu praayah peetavarneeyaah santi.) etat sadrushalakshanm (abhisaaree-vikaasadvaaraa ubhayajeevaih saha sambaddham lakshanm, arthaat samaanawikasit-chaapaih swatantraroopena samaanaroopen vikasitam iti) soochayati yat shrilankadeshe philipines-deshe cha kechan vikaasaatmak-chapaha teshaam sthanika-jvaalaavrukshaanaam raktavarnam krutavantah iti. naa upaprajaatayah ankitaah. varnanam. praayah deerghah. praayah krushnavarnah, krushnavarnasya prushtabhaagaih saha. adhastanabhaagaah shvetavarnaihi, malin-krushnachihnaih saha. stane, kamtah cha krushnavarneeyaah bhavanti, kanthasya shveta-dhakaah, stane shveta-dhakaah cha bhavanti. krushnavarnasya netrapattikaa, kanthasya prushtabhaagaparyantam vistrutaa bhavati, tathaa cha netrasya tathaa kanthasya madhye shwetapattikaabhih saha, prushtabhaagasya uparibhagasya cha madhye prasrutaa bhavati. tasya raktavarnah mukutah asti, yasya agramudraa, kapaalah cha krushnavarnayuktaah, mahilaasu shwetawarnah cha asti. netram krushnapatalasya madhye lapishyate. asya aakaarah paryaaptah dhoosarawarnah asti, yah mushtipadam nirmayate. kishoraah alpa-balayut-chihnaihi saha nisteja-bhavanti, purushaanaam mukutasya upari shveta-daagah bhavati, mahilanam cha alpa-daagah bhavati, naa tu naa. sankar-jaatayah praayah raktavarnayuktaah naarang-varnayuktaah athavaa peeta-varnayuktaah (rakta-prushtabhaagayuktaah flameback ityetaih saha) athavaa praayah rakta-varnayuktaah athavaa naarang-varnayuktaah (krushna-rumped flameback ityetaih saha) peeta-varnayuktaah bhavitum arhanti. nivaasasthaanam. asya praakrutika-aavaasasthaanaani uposhnakatibandhiyaani vaa ushnakatibandhiyani shushkavanaani, uposhnakatibandhiyaani vaa ushnakatibandhiyani aardraani nimnabhoomivanaani, uposhnakatibandhiyaani vaa ushnakatibandhiyani vaa hengrov-vanaani, gruha-udyaanaani ityadini manavanirmita-vaataavaranaani cha santi. duraat drashtum shakyate. praayah shushkakshetre drushyate, parantu aardram vaataavaranam rochate. vyavahaarah tathaa paryaawaranah. dhwanayah cha. asya swarah teekshna teekshna asti, yah "dee" ityasya apekshayaa adhikam anasangeet-yuktah, karkashh cha asti. bengaalens "iti. etat layabaddharoopen "voyik-voyik-wick-vi-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trrrr aar aar!" iti saha pravartayitum shaknoti."athavaa punaraavartanam" voyik-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-!"yat trinimishah yaavat bhavati. asya drum-roll 0.8-1.5 sekendaparyantam neerasah bhavati. chaalayati. aharaha. asya aahaarasy mukhyasrotah pishaachah santi. etat carpenter-pishachan ("camponotus" ess. pi. pi.) adhikam icchati iti bhaasate.), "meranoplus" iti jatyam prakshikaah, tathaa cha asean-netru-prakshapanam pyupa tathaa larva ("okofilla smragdina") cha. anyeshu akasherukeshu, spider, caterpillar, veevils, beatle ityete cha bhaadyante. aahar-tantu-anya-poshaka-tattvaanaam cha srotah iti rupena kadaachit kechan phalaani api khaadati. chaalayah vyavahaarah. ayam vrukshaarohanaartham swapaalam aadhaararoopen upayujyate, flaap-and-glad-banding-vinyaasen cha uddeeyati. vruksheshu eva te bunkar-pishachanam patra-kootaani vighatayanti, parantu bhoomau pishachanam cootan praaptum bhoomau adhah patati. ekaki, yugmarupena athavaa parivaarasamoohen, praayah anyeshu "denopium" flameback-ityetaan iva bahujaatayah, pashu-pashupaalakeshu sammilayanti. prajananm. eshah aneka-parivartaneeya-uccheshu goodaah chhidraan abhyaasayati. ete chhidraani, ye kevalam kaashtapeedakaih, barbett-pakshinam, anyaih pikifaarm-pakshinam cha nirmeeyante, te anyaanaam guhaa-koot-pakshinam krute, yathaa totaah, ye swakeeyam chhidram kartum naa shaknuvanti, gruha-sthale stah. kadaachit dvivaaram santatihi bhavanti, parantu praayah prati rutau kevalam ekam klach eva sthaapyate. december-september-masayoho mukhyataya august-september-masayoho, februvari-joon-masayoho asya prajananm bhavati. prati klach dwau-treeni andaani nirdayante. samrakshanam. aiyusin-raktasuchyam etat nyoonatam-chintaajanakam iti ankitam asti, yatah asya sthiram tathaapi adnyaatam janasankhyaa asti, tathaa cha tulanaatmakaroopen laghutama-shreneeye samanyam sthaniyarupena samanyam vartate. naa kshayah, naa dhamakayah iti naa dnyaayate. ayam ateeva samanyaha asti, shreelankaadeshasy jangal-pakshina, shreelankaadeshasy zulanta-giddhah, krushnavarna-agrabhagasya barbett ityetaih saha sampoorne shrilankadeshe "samanya" sthanika-rogeshu anyatamah asti. eshaa shreelankaadeshasy sarvaadhikam samanyam kaashtapeedaka-jaatih asti.

sivappu-pinnapatta flamaback sivappu-pinnapatta flamake, siriya ilangkai flamake, ilangkai sivappu-pinnapatta marangoththi allathu sealon sivappu-pinnapatta marangoththi (dynopium paaroatkal) enbathu pikide kudumbaththaich saerntha oru paravai inamaagum. idhu ilangkaiyai mattumae saarnthullathu, vadakkil mattumae illai. idhu sila nerangalil karuppu-rump flamakin kilaiyinamaagak karudhappadugiradhu. pylogenetics. idhu legj kaalaththilirunthae oru ulloor inamaaga karudhappadugiradhu. idhu muthanmuthalil "prochipternus" paerinaththil "prochipternus sealonus" endru vaikkappattathu."idhu pinnar karuppu-rump flamake (" "dynobium bengelence" "), dynobium bengelence saroadugal endra kilaiyinamaaga inaikkappattathu". sambath ess nadaththiya aaivil idhu muzhu ina anthasthukku uyarththappattathu. cheniviratne, darren ii. irvin, mattrum saminda pii. fernando. inththa aaivil, idhu karuppu-rump flamake udan kalappinam adaivathu kandariyappattathu. kalappinamayamakkal oru ellaiyin vadakkae trincomaly muthal puttaalam legoon adippaguthi varai mattrum mullaittivilirunthu mannar varai oru ellaiyin therkae serivaaga ullathu. inththa ellaikku veliyae kalappinamayamakkal kuraivaaga ullathu, angku karuppu-rump flamake ellaiyin vadakkae aathikkam seluththukirathu, athae neraththil sivappu-aatharavu flamake ellaiyin therkae aathikkam seluththukirathu. idhu kalappina thaazhvu manapaanmaikkaana oru vazhakku, idhil thooya inangkal kalappinangalai vida migavum vetrtrikaramaaka ullana. ilangkai mattrum philippainsil mattumae kaanappadum sivappu nira sudarppoochchigalin moontru inangkalil idhuvum ontraakum. idhu oray sivappu nira "dynobium" inamaagum. mattra sivappu sudar pinnanigal sree langaavin sivappu nira-pinnapatta sudar pinnani ("chrysocolapts stricklandy") mattrum philippainsin lusanne sudar pinnani ("chrysocolapts haematriban") (manjal-muga sudar pinnani ("chrysolaptus santhocephalus") thavira), aanaal idhu perumpaalum manjal niraththil ullathu.) inththa oththa panbu (irandu uyirinangkalaal orunginaintha parinaamatthaal pakirappatta oru panbu, athaavathu oththa parinaama azhuththangkalin kaaranamaaga avai suyaatheenamaaga oththathaaga uruveduththana) ilangkai mattrum philippainsil ulla sila parinaama azhuththangkal avattrin ulloor sudar sivappu niramaaga maara kaaranamaaga irunththathu enbathaik kurikkirathu. endha kilaiyinangalum angkeekarikkappadavillai. vilakkam. neelaththil pattri. perumpaalum sivappu niraththil karuppu pinpura vilimbugaludan irakkaikal varai. kuzhappam niraintha karuppu adaiyaalangaludan keezh bhaagangkal vellai. maarbagam mattrum kaluththu karuppu niraththil ullana, thondaiyil vellai pulligal mattrum maarbagaththil vellai koadugal ullana. oru karuppu kann paarvai kazhuththin pinpuram varai neendu, kann mattrum kaluththukku idaiyil vellai koadugaludan, kaluththu mattrum mael mudhugil paravukirathu. idhu oru sivappu kireedam, munkodi mattrum nettriyil karuppu pulligal mattrum penkalil vellai niraththudan ullathu. kann karuppu kann imaikalukkul maraikkappattullathu. idhu oru apattamaana pulliyai uruvaakkum oru niyayamaana alavilaana saambal pill ullathu. ilam vayathinar kuraivaana thairiyamaana adaiyaalangaludan manthamaaga ullanar, aangalukku kireedaththil vellai pulligal ullana, penkalukku sila pulligal illai endraal ethuvum illai. kalappinangkal perumpaalum sivappu niraththil aaranjchu allathu manjal (sivappu-pinnapatta flamakirku arugil) allathu perumpaalum sivappu allathu aaranjchu niraththudan manjal (karuppu-rump flamakirku arugil) irukkalaam. vaazhvidam. adhan iyarkaiyaana vaazhvidangkal mithaveppa allathu veppamandala varanda kaadugal, mithaveppa allathu veppamandala eerappathamaana thaazhnila kaadugal mattrum mithaveppa allathu veppamandala sathuppunila kaadugal, veettu thoattangal poantra manithanaal uruvaakkappatta soozhalgal udpada. adhai veliyil irunthu paarkka mudiyum. perumpaalum varanda mandalaththil kaanappadugiradhu, aanaal eerappathamaana soozhalgalai virumbukirathu. nadaththai mattrum soozhaliyal. kural mattrum olii. adhan kural oru koormaiyaana vinni aagum, idhu "dii" aii vida isaikku maraana mattrum sorivaaga irukkirathu. bengelence ". idhu oru thaalaththil sellalaam "voaik-voaik-wick-vii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii-dii!"allathu meendum meendum" voaik-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-!"idhu moontru vinaadigal needikkum. 0. 8-1.5 vinaadigal konda oru manthamaana trum roll ullathu. fosion. unavu. adhan mukiya unavu aathaaram erumpukal aagum. idhu tachar erumpukalai ("campanotus" espipi) virumbuvathaagath therikirathu.), "meranoplus" paerinaththil ulla erumpukal, mattrum aasiya nesavaalargalin erumpukalin ("ogofilla smarakina") poonai mattrum larvakkal. unnappadum pira muthukelumpattra vilangkugalil silanthigal, kambalippoochchigal, kosukkal mattrum vandugal adangkum. unavu naarchaththu mattrum pira uuttachchaththukkalin aathaaramaaka sila pazhangkalai avvappoathu unavaaga utkolkirathu. nadaththaikku thoonduthal. marangkalai aeruvatharku adhan wall oru aatharavaakap payanpaduththappadukirathu, maelum oru flop-andd-clite kattuppaadu vadivaththil parakkirathu. idhu marangkalil nesavaalargalin elumbugalin koodugalaaga udaikirathu, aanaal tharaiyil ulla erumpukalin koodugalai anuga tharaiyil irangkukirathu. theevanangal thaniyaaga, jodigalagavo allathu oru kudumbak kuzhuvaagavoa, mattra "dynobium" flamakugalaip poalavae, pala inangkal konda manthaikaludan inaikintrana. inapperukkam. idhu pala maarupatta uyarangkalil koodu thulaikalai payirchi seikirathu. marangoththi, parpets mattrum pira bigformgalaal mattumae kattakoodiya inththa thulaikal, kiligal poantra pira kuzhi-koodu vaikkum paravaikalukku koodu kattum thazhangalaagum, avai thangal sontha thulaikalai uruvaakka mudiyaathu. sila nerangalil irandu murai valarkkappadugindrana, aanaal vazhakkamaaga oru paruvaththirku oru clutch mattumae vaikkappadukirathu. idhu disambar-septumber muthal, mukkiyamaaga august-septumber mattrum pipravari-juun muthal inapperukkam seikirathu. oru kilatchukku irandu-moontru muttaikal poadappadugindrana. paathukaappu. idhu iucn sivappu pattiyalil kuraindha akkaraiyudan kurikkappadugiradhu, aenenil idhu oru nilaiyaana aanaal ariyappadaatha makkalthogaiyaik kondullathu mattrum adhan oppeettalavil siriya varambil ullooril podhuvaanathu. sarivugaloa achchuruththalkaloa adaiyaalam kaanappadavillai. idhu migavum podhuvaanathu, ilangkai muzhuvathum ulla "podhuvaana" noaikalil ontraakum, idhil ilangkai kaattup paravai, ilangkai thongkum kiligal mattrum sivappu nira muun barbett aagiyavai adangkum. idhu ilangkaiyil migavum podhuvaana marangoththi inamaagum.

erra-maddatugala manta erra-venuka flameback, takkuva srilanka flameback, srilanka erra-venuka vadrangipitta ledhaa selan erupu-venuka vadrangipitta (denopium sasarodlu) anedi pikide kutumbamloni oka pakshi jaathi. idhi srilankaku sthaanikamainadi, suduura uttara praantamloo matrame ledhu. idhi konnisaarlu block-rumped flameback yokka upajaatulugaa pariganinchabadutundi. phylogenetics. legz kaalam nundi idhi sthaanika jaatigaa pariganinchabadutundi. dheenini modata brachiperternus jaatilo "brachipternus sealonus" gaa unchaaru."idhi taruvaata block-rumped flameback (" "denopium benghalens" ") yokka upajaatulugaa," "denopium benghalens sasarodlu" "gaa kalapabadindi". sampath ess chesina adhyayanamlo idhi puurti jaathi hodaaku edigindi. seneviratne, darren ii. irvin, mariyu saminda pii. fernando. eee adhyayanamlo, idhi block-rumped flameback thoo sankareekarinchinatlu kanugonabadindi. trainkomali nundi puttalam sarassu yokka adugubhagam varaku sarihadduku uttaraana mariyu mullaitivu nundi mannar varaku sarihadduku dakshinaana sankareekarana kendrikrutamai undhi. eee sarihaddu nundi sankareekarana takkuvagaa untundi, ikkada nalla-rumped flameback sarihadduku uttaraana aadhipatyam chelaayistundi, ayithe erra-maddatugala flameback sarihadduku dakshinaana aadhipatyam chelaayistundi. idhi hybrid heenatvam yokka kesu, dheenilo swachchamaina jaatulu hybridla kante ekkuva vijayavantamavutaayi. srilanka mariyu philippeanslo matrame kanipinche moodu rakaala errati rangu jwaalalalo idhi okati. idhi erupu rangu "denopium" jaathi kooda. itara errati jwaalalu srilanka yokka crimson-backed flameback ("chrysocolaptes stricklandy"), mariyu phillippeans yokka luzon flameback ("chrysocolaptes haematriban") (pasupu-mukham gala flameback ("chrysocapaltes zanthocephalus") tappa), conny idhi ekkuvagaa pasupu rangulo untundi.) eee saaruupya lakshanam (rendu jeevulu kalise parinaamam dwara panchukunna lakshanam, antey avi saaruupya parinaamaatmaka ottilla kaaranamgaa swatantramgaa saruupyamgaa parinaamam chendaayi) srilanka mariyu philippeanslo kontha parinaamaatmaka ottidi vaari sthaanika jwaalalu errabadataaniki kaaranamaindani suuchistumdi. yea upajaatulu gurtinchabadaledu. vivarana. podavu gurinchi. rekkalaku nalupu venuka anchulatho ekkuvagaa crimson. gandaragolamaina nallati gurtulato tellati bhagalu. rommu mariyu meda nallaga untaayi, gonthu meeda tellati macchalu mariyu rommupai tellati geetalu untaayi. nallati kanureppa meda venuka bhaagamlo vistarinchi, kanti mariyu meda madhya tellati geetalato, nadumu mariyu eguva venuka bhaagamlo vyaapistundi. dheeniki errati kireetam undhi, nuditipai nallati macchalu mariyu aadavaallalo tellati macchalu untaayi. kannu nallati kanureppala madhya dachabadi untundi. idhi chaalaa parimaanamlo buudida rangu notunu kaligi untundi, idhi moddubaarina binduvunu yerparustundi. baaluralo takkuva bolled gurtulato mandamainavi, magavaariki kireetampai tellati macchalu untaayi mariyu aadavaariki konni macchalu unte aemee undavu. sankara jaatulu ekkuvagaa erupu rangutho narinja ledhaa pasupu (erupu-venuka unna jwaalaku daggaragaa) ledhaa ekkuvagaa pasupu rangutho erupu ledhaa narinja (nalupu-rumped jwaalaku daggaragaa) kaavacchu. aavasalu. dheeni sahaja aavasalu upaushnamandala ledhaa ushnamandala podi adavulu, upaushnamandala ledhaa ushnamandala thematho kuudina lothattu adavulu, mariyu upaushnamandala ledhaa ushnamandala mada adavulu, veetilo gruha udyaanavanaalu vanti maanava nirmita vaataavaranaalu unnaayi. idhi dhooram nundi chudavachu. ekkuvagaa podi praantamloo kanipistaayi, conny thematho kuudina vaataavaranaanni ishtapadataayi. pravartana mariyu paryaavaranam. sabdam mariyu sabdaalu. daani swaram padunaina vinnie, idhi "dii" kante ekkuva sangeetarahitamainadi mariyu arustuu untundi. benghalens ". idhi layabaddhamaina "voic-voic-wick-vii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-tii-trrrr!"ledhaa punaraavrutam" voic-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri-tri!"idhi moodu sekanla paatu untundi. 0. 8-1.5 sekanla mandapati drum roll kaligi untundi. malam. aaharam. dheeni pradhana aahara vanaru cheemalu. idhi vadrangi cheemalanu ("camponotus" esppi) ishtapadutundani telustondi.), "meranoplus" jaatilooni cheemalu, mariyu asea netha cheemala yokka pupa mariyu larva ("okofilla smragdina"). tine itara akasherukaalalo salepurugulu, gongali purugulu, veevils mariyu beatles unnaayi. aahaaramlo peechu mariyu itara poeshakaalaku muulamgaa appudappudu konni pandlanu kooda tinipistundi. pravartananu penchadam. idhi chetlanu ekkadaaniki daani thokanu sahayamga upayogistundi mariyu flap-und-glide bounding namoonaalo egurutundi. idhi chetlaloni netha cheemala aaku goollalo virigipotundi, conny naela cheemala goollanu pondadaaniki neelapaiki digutundi. ontarigaa, jantagaa ledhaa kutumba samuuhamgaa, mariyu tarachugaa itara "dynopium" flameback la maadirigaa mandalanu penchadaaniki bahula-jaatulato cherutundi. santanotpatti. idhi aneka maarutuu unde ettulalo goodu randhraalanu paarutundi. vadrangipittalu, barbets mariyu itara pickformlu matrame nirminchagala eee randhraalu, chilukalu vanti itara kuharam-goodu pakshulaku goodu katte pradaesaalu, ivi tama sonta randhraalanu tayaaru chesukolevu. konnisaarlu rendusaarlu santaanam erpadutundi, conny saadhaaranamgaa prati seasonku oka clutch matrame veyabadutundi. idhi december-september nundi, pradhanamgaa augustu-september nundi mariyu fibravari-juun nundi santanotpatti chestundi. oka clutchku rendu-moodu gudlu vaestaaru. parirakshana. idhi sthiramaina inca teliyani janabhanu kaligi unnanduna mariyu daani tulanaatmakamgaa chinna paridhiloo sthaanikamgaa saadhaaranamainadi kabatti, idhi iucn redd listlo athi takkuva aandolanagaa gurtinchabadindi. ksheenatalu ledhaa bedirimpulu gurtinchabadaledu. idhi chaalaa saadhaaranamainadi, srilanka antataa "saadhaarana" sthaanika vyaadhulalo okati, srilanka adavi pakshulu, srilanka velaadutunna chiluka mariyu crimson-fronted barbetto paatu. idhi srilankalo atyanta saadhaarana vadrangipitta jaathi.

sarkh pasht waali sholah baaz sarkh pasht waala sholah baaz chhota saree lankaa sholah baaz saree lankaa sarkh pasht waala lakdi kaa khajoor yaa seelon sarkh pasht waala lakdi kaa khajoor (denopium cyroads) parinday kii eek nooa hay juu pecady khaandaan mein hay. yaha saree lankaa kaa maqami hay sarf door shamaal mein ghair haazir hay. asay baaz auqaat bleek rumped fleem beek kii zeeli nasal samjha jaataa hay. phylogenetics. asay leeg kay waqat say hyee eek maqami nooa samjha jaataa rehaa hay. asay sabb say pehley "brekeptrance" jains mein "brekeptrance selvance" kay toor parr rakhaa gayaa thaa."baad mein asay bleek rumped fleem beek (" "denopium banghlens" ") kii zeeli nasal kay toor parr" "denopium banghlens cyroads" "kay toor parr milaa diyaa gayaa. sampat aiss kay eek mutalay mein asay makmal parjatiyon kii haisiyat say badhaya gayaa thaa. cinveratne dairan ayee. aroon aur samanda pee. fernando. iss tehqeeq mein yaha bleek rumped fleem beek kay saath hyberdise honay kay liye paaya gayaa. hyberdisation trianchomali say patalam jheel kii bunyaad takk sarhad kay shamaal mein aur militov say manaar takk sarhad kay janub mein markoz hay. hyberdisation iss sarhad say baahir kumm hay jehaan bleek rumped fleem beek sarhad kay shamaal mein ghalib hay jabkah sarkh pasht waali fleem beek sarhad kay janub mein ghalib hay. yaha hibard kamtari kaa eek muamilah hay jiss mein khaalis anwaa hibard say ziyadah kamiyab hoti haine. yaha sarkh rung kay sholay kii teen aqsaam mein say eek hay juu sarf saree lankaa aur filpine mein payee jaati hay. yaha sarkh rung kii waahid "denopium" nasal bhee hay. deegar sarkh sholah baaz saree lankaa kay sarkh rung kay backed sholah baaz ("cresocolapts struck lendy")yee aur filpine kay lozoon sholah baaz ("cresocolapts hematriban") haine (sawaye pailay chehrey waalay sholah baaz ("cresocolapts zenthocifalis") kay leakin yaha ziyadah tarr peela hotaa hay.) yaha mashabahat khususiyat (eek khaasiyat juu duu hayatiyat kay zariye marbut irtaqaa kay zariye mushtarik hay jiss kaa matlab hay kahh wah eek jeesay irtaqayi dabao kii wajah say aazadana toor parr eek jeesay honay kay liye tayaar hoay) say patah chalta hay kahh saree lankaa aur filpine mein kachh irtaqayi dabao inn kay maqami sholah kii dhadkanon kuu sarkh honay kaa sabab banaa. koyee zeeli nasal tasleem nahein kii gayee hay. wazahat. lambayi kay baaray mein. ziyadah tarr sarkh rung kay saath seeyah peeche waalay kinaron say paroon takk. gandaa seeyah nishanaat kay saath neechey kay hasay safed. chhaati aur girdan seeyah hoti hay jiss kay gulay parr safed dhabay aur chhaati parr safed dhaariyan hoti haine. eek kaali aayee strip girdan kay pachlay hasay takk phaili hoyee hay aur girdan aur opri kamar mein phail jaati hay aankh aur girdan kay darmiyan safed dhaariyan hoti haine. iss kaa taaj sarkh hay jiss kaa maathay aur maathay parr seeyah dhabay hotay haine aur khwatin mein safed dhabay hotay haine. aankh kaali aankh kii putty kay darmiyan chhapi hoyee hay. iss kaa bull kaafi size kaa sarmayi hotaa hay juu eek dhandla naqtah banata hay. nabaligh kumm bould nishanaat kay saath sast hotay haine mardon kay taaj parr safed dhabay hotay haine aur khwatin kay taaj parr agar koyee nahein tuu chand dhabay hotay haine. hibard yaa tuu ziyadah tarr sarkh kay saath naranji yaa pailay rung kay (sarkh pasht waali shaayi kay qareeb) yaa ziyadah tarr sarkh yaa naranji kay saath pailay rung kay (seeyah dhaar waali shaayi kay qareeb) how saktay haine. rehaish gaah. iss kay qadarti maskan zeeli madarini yaa ashankatbandi khashak janglaat zeeli madarini yaa ashankatbandi numm nasheebi janglaat aur zeeli madarini yaa ashankatbandi mangrove janglaat haine jinn mein gharilo baghat jeesay ansaan saakhta maahul shaamil haine. asay door say dekha jaa saktaa hay. ziyadah tarr khashak zoon mein paaya jaataa hay leakin martub maahul pasand kartaa hay. tarz amal aur mahuliyat. aawaz aur aawaz. iss kii aawaz teez teez hay juu "ddee" say ziyadah ghair mausiqi aur cheekhney waali hay. banglance. yaha yaa tuu taal parr mubni "woke-woke-wak-waayi-tye-tye-tye-tye-tye-turror aar aar aar! mein chull saktaa hay!"yaa baar baar" woke-taree-taree-taree-taree-taree-taree-taree-!"juu teen second takk rehta hay. iss kaa dole drum roll 0.8-1.5 second kaa hotaa hay. chaaray. ghazaa. iss kii khuraak kaa bunyadi zariah chiuntiyan haine. aisa lagtaa hay kahh yaha badhayi chiuntiyon ("camponots" aiss pee pee kuu tarjih deeti hay.)yee jains "meranoplus" mein chiuntiyan aur aishiyayi bankar chiuntiyon kay peopa aur larwa ("ocofla samragadina"). khaye jaanay waalay deegar ghair martub janwaron mein makadiyan caterplar ghonga aur bettle shaamil haine. ghazayi fibre aur deegar ghazayi ajzaa kay zariah kay toor parr kabhi kabhaar kachh phal bhee khaata hay. charanay kaa tarz amal. yaha apnee dumm kuu darkhaton parr chadhnay kay liye batoor sahara istemaal kartaa hay aur fleep aind glyde bounding pattern mein adtaa hay. yaha darkhaton mein khood hyee banayi chiuntiyon kay patoon kay ghonsalon mein toot jaataa hay leakin zameen parr mojud chiuntiyon kay ghonsalon takk rasayi kay liye zameen parr utarta hay. akeelay jodon mein yaa eek khaandaani garwah kay toor parr chaarah aur aksar deegar "denopium" sholah baazon kii tarah rewad kuu chaarah deenay waali kaseer aqsaam mein shaamil how jaatay haine. afzaish. yaha behat see mutaghir bulandiyon parr ghonslay kay surakhon kuu khoodta hay. yaha surakh juu sarf lakdi kay chokon barbets aur deegar pakfaram kay zariye banaye jaa saktay haine tootay jeesay deegar khopdi waalay ghonslay laganay waalay parindon kay liye ghonslay bananay kii jaghein haine juu apnay surakh khood nahein banaa saktay. baaz auqaat duu baar bachay paida hotay haine leakin aam toor parr harr mosam mein sarf eek hyee culch bachhaya jaataa hay. yaha dasambar-satambar say bunyadi toor parr agast-satambar aur faroori-joone say afzaish kartaa hay. phee culch duu teen anday diye jaatay haine. tahfuz. asay aayee yuu see aine reed list mein sabb say kumm tashwesh kay toor parr nashaan zad kiyaa gayaa hay keunkah iss kii aabadi mustahkam leakin namalum hay aur yaha nasbata chhoti hadd mein maqami toor parr aam hay. naha hyee kamee aur naha hyee khatraat kii nishandahi kii gayee hay. yaha behat aam hay saree lankaa kay jangal kay margh saree lankaa kay lataktay totay aur sarkh rung kay saamney waalay barbet kay saath puray saree lankaa mein "aam" maqami beemariyon mein say eek hay. yaha saree lankaa mein lakdi kay godon kii sabb say aam nasal hay.

fffd500ba9241f7468ce9b5f1a5eba2c18a3700bba4cd77c91db7c2248579da0

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=70352426

Niphargellus glenniei

Niphargellus glenniei Species of amphipod Niphargellus glenniei, also known as the south-western groundwater shrimp, is a species of amphipod from within the family Niphargidae. A native of the United Kingdom, it has been placed in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan list of priority species. It is the first aquatic troglobite to be given a conservation status within the UK. Description. "Niphargellus glenniei" lacks pigment and is eyeless, much like other Stygofauna. It will reach sexual maturity at around 2.5–3 mm long. "N. glenniei" can be distinguished by a lack of spines on its telson lobes and rounded palmar angles on the organisms gnathopods. Distribution and habitat. "Niphargellus glenniei" is endemic to England, where it has been recorded in 143 sites within the southwest of the country. It is restricted to the counties of Cornwall, Devon and Dorset. "Niphargellus glenniei" lives in freshwater habitats such as caves, aquifers, wells, springs, quarries and mines. The species has been recorded to live in alkaline limestone habitat, but also on acidic granite. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

nifergalus gleny dokhyin-poschim bhugorbhostho jolosora namereu jonajat nifergalus gleny hoise nifergiday poriyalor poraa ohaa empepedor etaa projati. united kingdomor sthaniyo, iyak iuke joibo boisitryo karjyo porikolponar ogradhikar projatir talikat rokha hoise. ee hoise eu. key.-ror bhitorot xongrokhyonor morzada diya prothom joloj tro 'glo' bite. bornona. "nifergalus gleny" too rongro obhab thaake aaru ee sokuhin, aan stygophoner dore. ee pray 2.5-3 mimi dighol jouno poripokotat uponeet hoh 'bob. "eno. gleny "koo iyar telson lubo aaru granir grontho 'podor uporot brittakar palmar kunot spiner obhawor dwara prithok koribo paari. bitoron aaru baxosthan. "nifergalus gleny" englandor sthaniyo, zo 'too ee dexor dokhyin-poschimor 143taa sthanot lipibodho koraa hoise. ee kornowal, debhon aaru dorset countixomuhote ximabodho. "nifergalus gleny" guha, jolobhumi, kuwa, xut, khoni aaru khonir dore mitha panir baxosthanot baax kore. ei projatitu khyariyo sunxilor baxosthanot baax koraa buli lipibodho koraa hoise, kintu omlojukto grenaitotu baax kore.

nifergalus gleniye nifergalus gleniye, jaa dakkhin-poschim bhugorbhostho joll chingdi nameo porichito, holl nifargidi poribarer ekti prajati. juktorajyer sthaniya, etty juktorajyer jeebboichitro kormoporikolpona agradhikar projatir talika rakha hoyeche. etty juktorajyer modhye sanrakkhaner morjada deoa prothom joloj troglobite. bornona. "nifergalus glenian"-ayee ranjak podarther abhab royeche ebong etty anyanno stygophooner moto chokher patohin. etty pray 2.5-3 mimmy deergho jouno poripokkotai pouchabe. "enn. glenieke taar telson lobe merudonder abhab ebong jeeber gonathopodgulite golakar pamar koona dwara alada koraa jete paare. bitoron ebong abashsthol. "nifergalus gleniye" englander sthaniya, jekhane etty desher dakkhin-poschime 143tii sthane nothibhukto koraa hoyeche. etty cornwall, devon ebong dorseter kauntite seemaboddho. "nifarajelasa gleniye" guha, bhugorbhostho jolostor, koop, jhorna, khoni ebong khanigulir moto mitha joler abashsthole baas korey. eyi projatiti kshariya chunapatharer abashsthole, tobey acidic graniteo bosobas korey boley nothibhukto koraa hoyeche.

nifargalus glanny nifargalus glanny, jene dakshin-pashchimi bhugarbh jala zinga tareeke pann odakhvaamaa aave chhe, teey nifargide kutumbmathi empepodnee aek prajaati chhe. united kingdamna vatnee, tene yukeni jaivavividhta kaary yojnani prathmikta dharaavati prajationi yaadimaa mukvaamaa aavee chhe. teey yukemaa sanrakshano darajjo aapvama aavel pratham jalchar troglobite chhe. varnan. "nifargalus glanny" maan rangdravyano abhaav hoya chhe aneey teey anya stygophunani jaim aankh vinaanu hoya chhe. teey lagbhag 2.5-3 mm laambi jaatiy paripakvataa sudhee pahonchshe. "aena. glenyne tenaa telson loba parr spinesnaa abhaav aneey jivtantranaa ganathopods parr golaakaar pamar khoonao dwara alag paadee shakaay chhe. vitaran aneey nivassthan. "nifargalus glanny" englandma sthaaneek chhe, jyaan teey deshnaa dakshin-pashchimma 143 sthaloae nondhvaamaa aavyu chhe. teey cornwall, devon aneey dorsetnee kaaunteeo sudhee maryadit chhe. "nifargelas glanny" gufaao, jalbhrut, koovao, zarnaao, khaano aneey khaano jevaa taajaa paaninaa vasvaatomaa rahe chhe. aaa prajaatio alkaline chunaanaa pattharona nivassthanma rahe chhe, parantu acidic grenite parr pann rahe chhe.

nifargalus gleny nifargalus gleny, jise dakshin-paschimi bhujal jheenga key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, nifargide parivaar key bheetar seey empepod kii ack prajaati haye. united kingdam key mool nivasi, ise prathamikta vaali prajaatiyon kii yuu. key. jaiv vividhata kaary yojana soochi mein rakhaa gayaa haye. yeh britten key bheetar sanrakshan kaa darja diyaa jaane vaalaa pahala jaleey troglobite haye. varnan. "nifargalus gleny" mein varnak kii kamee hoti haye aur yeh anya stagofuna kii tarah netraheen haye. yeh lagbhag 2.5-3 mimi lambi yaun paripakvata taka pahunch jaayega. "aine. gleny koo isake telson lobe parr reedh kii huddy kii kamee aur jeevon key gnathopod parr goal pamar konon seey alag kiya jaa sakata haye. vitaran aur nivaas sthaan. "nifargalus gleny" ingland key liye sthaanik haye, jahan yeh desh key dakshin-paschim mein 143 sthalon mein darj kiya gayaa haye. yeh cornwall, devon aur dorset key county taka hii seemit haye. "nifargalus gleny" gufaaon, jalbhriton, kuon, jharanon, khadanon aur khaanon jaise taaje paani key aavason mein rahata haye. iss prajaati koo kshaariya choona patthar key nivaas sthaan mein rahane key liye darj kiya gayaa haye, lekin amleeya grenite parr bhee.

nifargellus gleny nairtya antarjala seegadi endoo kareyalaaguva nifargellus glenny, nifargide kutumbadolagina amphipod prabhedavagide. united kingdamna sthaliya, idannu yuke jivavaividhyateya kriya yojane aadyateya prabhedagala pattiyalli irisalaagide. idu yukeyolage samrakshana sthaanamaanavannu padeda modala jalavasi troglobite aagide. vivarane. "nifargellus gleny" varnadravyavannu hondilla mattu itara stigophoonagalanteye kannurahitavaagide. idu sumaru 2.5-3 mimee uddadalli laingika prabuddhateyannu taluputtade. "enn. gleniyiyannu adara telson haalegala mele bennelubugala korate mattu jivigala ganaathopaadgala mele dundaada pamar konagalinda gurutisabahudu. vitarane mattu aavasasthaana. "nifargellus glenny" inglendna sthaliyavaagide, allie idu deshada nairtyadalliruva 143 taanagalalli daakhalisalaagide. idu cornwall, devon mattu dorset kountigalige simitavagide. "nifargellus gleny" guhegalu, jalacharagalu, baavigalu, buggegalu, kalluganigalu mattu ganigalantaha sihineerina aavasasthaanagalalli vaasisuttade. ee prabhedavu kshaariya sunnada kallugala aavasasthaanadalli, aadare amleeya granitenalliyu saha vaasisuttade endu daakhalisalaagide.

nifargelas gleny nairutya bhujal kolambi mhanoonahi olakhala jaanara nifargelas gleny hii nifargide kutumbatil emphipodchi eka prajati aahe. united kingdamcha rahivasi asalelya yaa vanaspatila pradhanya prajatinchya yooke jaivavividhata krutee yojanechya yadeet sthan denyat aale aahe. brittenmadhye sanwardhan darja denyat aalela haah pahila jaleey troglobite aahe. varnan. "nifargelas gleny" madhye rangdravya nasate aanee itar stygophounapramanech teey dolhe nasalele asate. too sumare 2.5-3 miimii lambichya laingik paripakvatela pohochel. "aine. gleny "heey tyachya telson lobvar mankyanchya kamataratemule aanee jivanvar golakar pamar coone asalelya ganathopodsamule olakhale jaau shakate. vitaran aanee adhivas. "nifargelas gleny" haah englandcha sthanik prakar aahe, jithe deshachya nairutya bhagatil 143 thikani tyachi nond jhaali aahe. heey cornwall, devon aanee dorset yaa parganyanpurte maryadit aahe. "nifargelas gleny" lenee, jalbhakshi, vihiri, zare, khanee aanee khanee yasarkhya godya panyachya adhivasanmadhye rahatat. hii prajati kshariy chunkhadichya adhivasat, parantu amleey granitever dekhil rahnari nond kelee gelee aahe.

nifargelous gleny dakshin-paschimi bhujal jhingako rupma pani chinine nifargales gleny, nifargide pariwarbhitraka emphipodko ek prajati how. sanyukta adhirajyako muel niwasi, yasalai yuke jaiva vividhata karya yojanako prathamikta prajatiharuko suchima rakhieko chha. yo belayatbhitra sanrakshanko darja diieko pahilo jaliya troglobite how. warnan. "nifargelous gleny" maa pigmentko abhawa chha rar anya stygophauna jastai ankhawihin chha. yo lagbhag 2.5-3 mimmy lamo yauna paripakwatama pugnecha. "enn. glenylai yasako telson lobharuma merudandako kami rar jiwaharu ganathopadharuma golakar pamar konharudwara chhutyauna sakinchha. witaran rar awas. "nifargelous gleny" englandko sthaniya how, jahaan yo deshko dakshinapashchimma 143 wata siteharuma record garieko chha. yo karnawal, debhan rar dorsetka countiharuma simit chha. "nifargelous gleny" gufaharu, jalbhritharu, kuwa, jharanaharu, khaniharu rar khaniharu jasta taja paniko basasthanharuma baschhan. yo prajati kshariya chunkhadiko basasthanma, tara amliya grenitema pani basne record garieko chha.

nifaragels gleny nifaragels gleny, jaahaa dakhina-paschima bhutala jala chingudi bhabare madhya janashuna, nipharagide paribararu eka prajati emphipod . brittener moola basinda, ehaaku prathamikata prajatira brittener jaiba bibidhata karjya yojana talikare rakhajaichhi. britten madhyare sanrakhyana manyata paithiba ehaa heuchhi pratham jalaja troglobite. barnana. "nifaragels gleny" ray rangaka abhaba rahichhi ebong ehaa anya stygophuna bhali aakhiheen. ehaa praiah 2.5-3 mimi lambare jouna paripakwatare pahanchiba. "enn. gleny "ku ehara telson lobre merudandara abhaba ebong zeeb ganathopada upare golakara pamara kone dwara pruthaka karajaipariba . bunton ebong basasthana. "nifaragels gleny" englandara sthaniah, jeunthare ehaa deshar dakhina-paschimare 143 tii sthanare record karajaichi . ehaa karnawal, devon ebong dorset kauntire seemita . "nifaragels gleny" gumpha, jalabhandara, cooa, jharana, khani ebong khani bhali madhur jalara basasthanare baasa kare . ehi prajati khyareeah chunapathara aabasasthalare, kintu amleeah granaitare madhya baasa karuthiba record karajaichi.

nifargales gleni nifargales gleni, jiss noon dakkhan-pachmi dharti hethle paanee dey jhinga vee kiha jaanda haii, parivaar nifargide dey ander toon ampepod dee ikk prajati haii. united kingdom dey mool nivasi, iss noon yuu. keey. jaiv vibhinnta kaaraj yojna dee tarjih prajatiaan dee suchi witch rakkhiaa giaa haii. ih pahila jall troglobite haii jiss noon yuu. keey. dey ander sambhal daa darja ditta giaa haii. varnan. "nifargales gleni" witch rung dee ghaat haii atey ih horr stygophona wang akkhan rahit haii. ih lagbhag 2.5-3 millimeter lambe samein witch jinsi paripakta takk pahunch javega. "ainn. glenii noon iss dey telson loban utte reedh dee haddi dee ghaat atey jivanuyan dey gnathopods utte goal pammer konan duaara vakkhra keeta jaa sakda haii. vandd atey nivas sathaan. "nifargales gleni" england daa sathanak haii, jitthe ih desh dey dakkhan-pachham witch 143 sathanan witch daraj keeta giaa haii. ih karanwal, devon atey dorset deeaan kauntiaan takk seemat haii. "nifargales gleni" taaze paanee dey nivas sathanan jiven kii gufavan, jall-bhandar, khooh, chashme, khanan atey khanan witch rahinda haii. ih prajatiaan khaare choone dey patthar dey nivas sathaan witch rahinn laee daraj keetiaan gaeeaan hunn, parr tezabi grenite utte vee.

niphaargelas gleny nairutya-bhoogarbhajal-shrimp iti namna api prasidhah niphaargelas gleny, nifaarjide-parivaarasya emphipod-jaateh ekaha asti. unated kingdam-deshasya moolanivaasinah, ayam yooke-deshasya jaivavaividhya-karya-yojanaa-suchyam prathamikatayam prajatinam suchyam sthaanam avaapnot. yoo. key.-deshe samrakshanapadaveem dattah prathamah jaliya-troglobat asti. varnanam. "niphaargelas gleny" ityasmin varnakasya abhaawah asti, anyaih stagophounaa-ityetaih iva netraheenah cha asti. praayah 2.5-3 mii. mee. dirghayam yauna-paripakwataam prapnuyat. "naa. gleniye iti "telson-lobbs-madhye merudandasya abhavena, tathaa cha gnathopods-jeeveshu goal-paamar-konaih cha vibhedyeta. vitaranam tathaa aavaasam. "niphaargelas gleny" iti aangladeshasy sthaanikam naam asti, yatra deshasya nairutyadishi 143 sthaaneshu etat abhilekhitam asti. carnwall, devon, dorset ityeteshu praanteshu eva ayam parimitah asti. "niphaargelas gleny" iti "guhaah, jalabhittayah, koopaah, zarnaah, khanikah, khanikah ityaadishu madhurajalasya aavaasasthaaneshu nivasati. eshaa prajaatih kshaareey-chunakhalak-nivaasasthaane, api cha amliya-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet-granet -

neiphargellus clenny nibargellus clenny, thenmaerku nilaththadi neer iraal endrum azhaikkappadukirathu, idhu nibarjidae kudumbaththirkul irunthu oru ambipot inamaagum. aikkiya raachchiyaththai poorveegamaagak konda idhu, munnurimai inangkalin englaanthu palluir seyal thitta pattiyalil vaikkappattullathu. idhu englaanththukkul paathukaappu anthasthu valangkappatta muthal neer troclobite aagum. vilakkam. "neiphargellus clennie" nirami illaathathu mattrum mattra stycofoonavipe poalavae kankal illaathathu. idhu 2.5-3 mimee neelaththil paaliyal muthirchchiyai adaiyum. "enn. clenny adhan delson loaps mattrum uyirinangkalin naanaathoapaatkalil vattamaana paamar koonangalil mulleligal illaathathaal vaerupaduththalaam. viniyoagam mattrum vaazhvidam. "neiphargellus clennie" englaanththil paravalaaka kaanappadugiradhu, angku idhu naattin thenmaerkil 143 thazhangalil pathivu seiyappattullathu. idhu cornwall, devon mattrum dorset maavattangkalukku mattuppaduththappattullathu. "neiphargellus clennie" kugaigal, neer nilangkal, kinarugal, neeroottrukal, kuvaarigal mattrum surangangal poantra nanneer vaazhvidangkalil vaazhkirathu. inththa inangkal kaara sunnambukkal vaazhvidangkalil vaazha pathivu seiyappattullana, aanaal amila chronitilum vaazhkintrana.

nifargellus gleny nairuti bhoogarbhajala royyalu anie kooda piluvabade nifargellus glenny, nifargidae kutumbaaniki chendina amphipod jaathi. united kingdamku chendina idhi, praadhaanyata jaatula UK jeevavaividhya kaaryaacharana pranaalika jaabitaalo unchabadindi. idhi UKloe parirakshana hodha ivvabadina modati jala troglobite. vivarana. "nifargellus gleny" loe varnadravyam ledhu mariyu itara stygophouna maadirigaane kanti chuupu laenidi. idhi daadaapu 2.5-3 mm podavulo laingika paripakvataku cherukuntundi. "enn. glenyni daani telson lobes meeda vennemukalu lekapovadam mariyu jeevula ganathopodlapai gundrani pamar koonaala dwara vaeru cheyavachu. pampinhee mariyu aavasalu. "nifargellus glenny" anedi inglaandku sthaanikamainadi, ikkada idhi desamloni nairuti praantamlooni 143 pradaesaalaloo namodu cheyabadindi. idhi cornwall, devon mariyu doorset kounteelaku parimitam cheyabadindi. "nifargellus gleny" guhalu, jalacharaalu, baavulu, buggalu, kwaareelu mariyu ganulu vanti manchineeti aavasalalo nivasistundi. eee jaathi alkaleen sunnapurayi aavasalalo nivasistunnatlu namodu cheyabadindi, conny aamla granite meeda kooda nivasistundi.

nephergeals gleany nephergeals gleany jasay janub maghrabi zeer zameen paani kay kekday kay naam say bhee jaana jaataa hay nefergady khaandaan say taaluq rakhnay waalay amphipod kii eek nooa hay. bartaniah kaa rehney waalaa asay bartaniah kay hayatiyati tanoo kay action plaan kii tarjihi anwaa kii fehrist mein rakhaa gayaa hay. yaha bartaniah kay andar tahfuz kaa darjah diyaa jaanay waala pehla aabi troglobite hay. wazahat. "nephergeals gleany" mein roghan kii kamee hay aur yaha deegar stygophona kii tarah bay aankh hay. yaha taqriba 2.5-3 milly metter lambi jansi pakhtagi takk pahunch jaaye gaa. "aine. gleany kuu iss kay telson lobez parr reedh kii huddy kii kamee aur jandaron ganthopodz parr goal pamaar zawiyon say mamtaz kiyaa jaa saktaa hay. taqsim aur rehaish gaah. "nephergeals gleany" england kaa maqami hay jehaan yaha milk kay janub maghrab mein 143 maqamat parr darj kiyaa gayaa hay. yaha kaaran waal devon aur dorset kii countiyon takk mahdud hay. "nephergeals gleany" meethay paani kay maskanon jeesay ghaaron aabi zakhayer kanwein chashmon kaanon aur kaanon mein rehta hay. yaha anwaa alkalayan chonaa pathar kay maskan mein balkah tezabiyat waalay grenite parr bhee rehney kay liye darj kii gayee haine.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59234673

Regdalin

Regdalin Regdalin (Arabic: رقدالين) is a city in Nuqat al Khams district near the Mediterranean coast of Northwestern Libya, 10 km southwest of the district capital Zuwara and 111 km west of Tripoli. Geography. The city is around 11 km (6.2 miles) from Zuwarah, 10 km north of the Mediterranean Sea, and 10 km northwest of Zliten. The town of Al Assad is about 35 km (22 miles) west southwest. The town is southwest of Zuwarah. Transport. The city's nearest international airport is Zuwarah International Airport. History. The name Regdalin derives from the Libyan native Arabic language meaning "Sleeping town". Because their elders back then used to sleep under trees Economy. The commercial sector is the cornerstone of economic activity. It has an active industrial zone based on the trade of spare auto parts, mechanical maintenance, building materials trade, and a vegetable and livestock market. The market is held twice a week. The city's agricultural economy is based on crops such as olives, almonds, grapes, and figs, especially in the Southern and Western regions. Education. Regdalin offers primary and secondary education via four schools. Education extends to an institute for training in the field of engineering. The faculty of engineering belongs to Al-Zawia University. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

regdalin regdalin (aarbih رقدالین) hoise uttor-poschim libiyar bhumodhyoxagoriyo upokulor usoror nukat aal khaams jilaar ekhon sohor, jilaar rajdhani juwarar poraa 10 kilometer dokhyin-poschime aaru tripulir poraa 111 kilometer poschime. bhugul. sohorkhon juwarar poraa pray 11 kilometer (6.2 maail), bhumodhyo xagoror poraa 10 kilometer uttore aaru jlitenor poraa 10 kilometer uttor-poschime owosthito. aal aasad sohorkhon pray 35 kilometer (22 maail) poschim-dokhyin-poschim dixot owosthito. sohorkhon juwarar dokhyin-poschim dixot owosthito. poribohon. sohorkhonor nikototom antohrastriyo bimanbondortu hoise juwarah antohrastriyo bimanbondor. itihax. regdalin naamtu aamejig bhaxar "terradaline" ror poraa aahise, jaar ortho hoh "lo hayena, kiyonu ei oncholot brihot xongkhyok luk baax korisil. orthoniti. banijyik khondo hoise orthonoitik karzokolapor mool aadhar. iyat spare otu partchor banijyo, jantrik rokhyonabekhyon, nirman xamogrir banijyo, aaru xaak-pasoli aaru poxudhonor bojaror uporot aadharito ek xokriyo oudyugik onchol aase. bojarkhon xoptahot dubarkoi onusthito hoy. sohorkhonor krixi orthoniti jolofai, badam, aangur aaru dumuror dore xosyor uporot aadharito, bixexkoi dokhyin aaru poschim oncholor. xikhya. regdaline sarita bidyaloyor joriyote prathomik aaru madhyomik xikhya prodan kore. obhijantrik khetrot proxikhyonor baabe xikhya protisthanoloi xomproxarito hoy. obhijantrik bibhagtu aal-jawiya biswobidyaloyor ontorgoto.

regdalin regdalin (arbih رقوالین) uttor-poschim libier bhumadhyasagariya upokuler kachhe nukat all khams jelara ekti shohor, jaa jelara rajdhani juwara theke 10 kilometres dakkhin-poschime ebong tripoli theke 111 kilometres poschime abosthito. bhugol. shaharti juwara theke pray 11 kilometres (6.2 myle), bhumadhyasagar theke 10 kilometres uttore ebong jlitener 10 kilometres uttor-poschime abosthito. all assad shaharti pray 35 kilometres (22 myle) poschim-dakkhin-poschime abosthito. shaharti juara dakkhin-poschime abosthito. poribohon. shohorer nikatatama antorjatik bimanbandar holl juwara antorjatik bimanbandar. itihas. regdalin namti amazig bhasha "terradaline" theke eseche, jaar ortho hayena, kaaron eyi anchale bipul sankhyak manush bosobas koroto. arthaniti. banijyik khettro holl orthonoitik karjokolaper mool vitti. atirikto gaadir jontrangsho, jantrik rakkhanabekkhan, nirman samagrir banijya ebong ekti sabji oo gobadi poshur bajarer upor vitti korey ekhane ekti sakriya shilp anchal royeche. saptahe doo 'barr bazar onusthito hoy. shohorer krishi arthaniti jalpai, badam, angur ebong dumur moto fosoler upor vitti korey, bishesh korey dakkhin oo poschim anchale. shikkha. regdalin charti bidyalayer madhyome prathomik oo madhyomik shikkha pradan korey. shikkha prakaushal khettre proshikkhoner jonno ekti protisthan porjonto prosarito. prakaushal onushodti all-jaoia bishwobidyaloyer ontorgoto.

regdalin regdalin (arabih رقوالین) aee uttarpashchim libiana bhumadhya dariyakantha najik, jeellani raajdhaani zuvarathi 10 kimee dakshinpashchim aneey tripolithi 111 kimee pashchimma aavelu shaher chhe. bhugol. aaa shaher zuvarathi lagbhag 11 kimee (6.2 mile), bhumadhya samudrathi 10 kimee uttarmaa aneey zleetanthi 10 kimee uttarpashchimma aavelu chhe. all asad shaher lagbhag 35 kimee (22 mile) pashchim-dakshinpashchim aavelu chhe. aaa shaher zuvarahni dakshinpashchim aavelu chhe. parivahan. shahernu sauthee najiknu aantarrashtriy hawaimathak zuvara aantarrashtriy hawaimathak chhe. itihas. regdalin naam amazig bhaasha "terredaline" parthee utaree aavyu chhe, jeno arth thaay chhe lakado, kaaran keey aaa pradeshmaa motee sankhyama loko vasvaat kartaa hataa. arthtantra. vyaapaari kshetra aarthik pravruttiono payano chhe. temaa spare otto partsna vepaar, yaantrik jaalvani, bandhkam saamgrinaa vepaar aneey shakbhaji aneey pashudhan bajaarnaa aadhare sakreey audhyogik kshetra chhe. bajaar athvadiyama beey vaar yojaay chhe. shahernu krushee arthtantra khaas kareene dakshin aneey pashchim pradeshomaa oliv, badaam, draksh aneey anjir jevaa paako parr aadharit chhe. shikshan. regdalin chaar shaalao dwara praathmeek aneey maadhyameek shikshan pradaan karey chhe. shikshan ijnerinaa kshetramaa taaleem maate aek sanstha sudhee vistare chhe. ijneri faculty all-zavia university saathe sambandhit chhe.

regdalin regdalin (arabeeh رقوالین) uttar-paschimi libia key bhoomadhyasagariya tata key paas nakat all khamas jile mein ack shahar haye, joe jile kii rajdhani zuwara seey 10 kimmy dakshin-paschim aur tripoli seey 111 kimmy paschim mein haye. bhugol. yeh shahar zuwara seey lagbhag 11 kimmy (6.2 meal), bhoomadhya sagar seey 10 kimmy uttar mein aur zlitton seey 10 kimmy uttar-paschim mein haye. all asad shahar lagbhag 35 kimmy (22 meal) paschim dakshin-paschim mein haye. yeh shahar zuwara key dakshin-paschim mein haye. parivahan. shahar kaa nikatatam antarrashtriya havaai adda zuwara antarrashtriya havaai adda haye. itihas. regdalin naam amazig bhasha "terradaline" seey nikla haye, jiska arth haye lakadbaggha, kyonki iss kshetra mein badee sankhya mein loga rahate they. arthavyavastha. vaanijyik kshetra aarthik gatividhi kii adharshila haye. isamen atirikt vaahan purjon key vyaapaar, yaantrik rakharkhaav, nirmaan samagri key vyaapaar aur sabji aur pashudhan bajar key aadhar parr ack sakriya audyogik kshetra haye. saptah mein dou baar bajar aayojit kiya jaataa haye. shahar kii krishi arthavyavastha vishesh roop seey dakshini aur paschimi kshetron mein jaitoon, badam, angur aur anjir jaisi fasalon parr adharit haye. shiksha. regdalin chaar vidyaalayon key madhyam seey praathamik aur maadhyamik shiksha pradaan kartaa haye. shiksha kaa vistaar engineering key kshetra mein prashikshan key liye ack sansthaan taka haye. engineering kaa sankaay all-zavia vishvavidyalaya seey sambandhit haye.

regdalin regadolin (arabic رقوالین) vayuvya libiyaada mediterranian karavaliya baliyiruva nukat all khams jilleya ondu nagaravagiddu, jilla rajadhani juvaaraadinda nairtyakke 10 kii. mea. mattu tripoliyinda paschimakke 111 kii. mea. dooradallide. bhougolika. ee nagaravu juvaaraadinda sumaru 11 kii. mea. (6.2 maili), mediterranian samudrada uttarakke 10 kii. mea. mattu jhlitenninda vaayuvyakke 10 kii. mea. dooradallide. all assad pattanavu nairtyakke sumaru 35 kii. mea. (22 maili) dooradallide. ee pattanavu juvaaraada nairtya bhagadallide. saarige. nagarada hattirada antaaraashtriya vimaana nildaanavendare juwara antaaraashtriya vimaana nildaana. itihaasa. regadolin emba hesaru amejhi bhasheyada "terredoline" ninda bandide, idarartha kattekirubagalu, ekendare ee pradeshadalli hecchina sankhyeyalli janaru vaasisuttiddaru. aarthikate. vanijya valayavu arthika chatuvatikeya moolaadhaaravaagide. idu bidibhagagala vaahana bidibhagagala vyapara, yaantrika nirvahane, kattada saamagrigala vyapara mattu tarakari mattu jaanuvaaru maarukatteyannu aadharisida sakriya kaigarika valayavannu hondide. ee marukatteyu varakke eradu baari nadeyuttade. nagarada krishi aarthikateyu olive, badami, drakshi mattu anjoorada hannugalantaha belegalannu, visheshavaagi daksina mattu paschima pradeshagalalli aadhariside. sikshana. regadolin naalku shalegala moolaka praathamika mattu madhyamika shikshanavannu odagisuttade. shikshanavu engineering kshetradalli tarabetigaagi ondu samsthege vistarisuttade. engineering vibhagavu all-jhaviya vishvavidyaanilayakke seride.

regdalin vadakkupadinjaaran libiayude medittareniyan theerathinaduthulla nukhathu alle khaams jillayile oru nagaramaan regadalin (arabica رقدالین), jilla thalasthaanamaaya suvarayil ninnu 10 kilometer thekkupadinjaarum tripoli ninnu 111 kilometer padinjarumaanu. bhoomishaasthram. suvaarayil ninnu 11 kilometer (6.2 mile) akaleyum medittareniyan kadalinu 10 kilometer vadakkum slittanil ninnu 10 kilometer vadakkupadinjaarumaanu eee nagaram sthithicheyyunnathu. alle asad pattanam ekadesham 35 kilometer (22 mile) padinjaaru thekkupadinjaraayi sthithicheyyunnu. suvaarayude thekkupadinjaaraanu eee pattanam. gathagatham. nagaratthile ettavum aduthulla anthaaraashtra vimaanathaavalam suwara anthaaraashtra vimaanathaavalamaanu. charithram. eee pradeshathu dhaaraalam aalukal adhivasichirunnathinaal kattaar vaazha ennartham varunna amazig bhashayaaya terredalinil ninnaan regdalin enna peru uruthirinjathu. sambadghadana. vaanijyamekhalayaanu saambathika pravartthanangalude moolakkallu. spare oottoo parts vyapaaram, mechanical attakuttappanikal, nirmmaana saamagrikal vyapaaram, pachakkari, kannukaali vipani ennivaye adisthaanamaakkiyulla sajeevamaaya oru vyaavasaayika mekhala ivideyundu. aazhchayil randuthavana maarkkat nadakkunnu. nagaratthinte kaarshika sambadvyavastha olivu, badaam, munthirippazham, athippazham thudangiya vilakale, prathyekichu thekkan, padinjaaran pradeshangalile vilakale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu. vidyaabhyaasam. naalu skoolukaliloode praadhamika, secondary vidyaabhyaasam regdalin nalkunnu. enchiniyaring mekhalayile parisheelanathinaayi oru sthaapanathilekkaanu vidyaabhyaasam vyaapichirikkunnath. enchiniyaring faakkaltti alle-savya sarvakalaashaalayilaan.

regdalin regdalin (arabih رقوالین) heey vayavya libiachya bhoomadhya samudrakinanyalagat, jilhyachi rajdhani zuvarapasun nairutyela 10 kiimii aanee tripolipasun paschimela 111 kiimii antaravar, nukat all khamas jilhyatil eka shahar aahe. bhoogol. heey shahar zuvanyapasun sumare 11 kiimii (6.2 mail), bhoomadhya samudrachya uttares 10 kiimii aanee zlittonchya vayvyes 10 kiimii antaravar aahe. all asad heey shahar nairutyela sumare 35 kiimii (22 mail) paschimela aahe. heey shahar zuvarachya nairutyela aahe. vahtook. zuvara aantarrashtriy vimantal haah shaharacha sarvat jawalcha aantarrashtriy vimantal aahe. itihas. regdalin heey naav amazig bhashetil 'terredaline' yaa shabdapasoon aale aahe, jyacha arth lakadi assa hoto, kaaran yaa pradeshat mothya sankhyene lock rahat hote. arthvyavastha. vyavsayik kshetra haah aarthik ghadamodincha paya aahe. sute vahan bhagancha vyapar, yantrik dekhbhal, bandhkam sahityacha vyapar aanee bhajipala aanee pashudhan bajarpeth yavar aadharit eka sakriy audhyogik kshetra aahe. aathvadyatun donada bajar bharato. shaharachi krishi arthvyavastha visheshtah dakshin aanee paschim bhagatil olive, badam, drakshe aanee anjir yasarkhya pikanvar aadharit aahe. shikshan. regdalin chaar shalandvare prathamik aanee madhyamik shikshan dete. abhiyantriki kshetratil prashikshanasathichya sanstheparyant shikshanacha vistar hoto. abhiyantrikiche pradhyapak all-zavia vidyapithashi sambandhit aahet.

regdalin regdalin (aarabih رقوالین) heuchhi uttara-paschima lbr bhumadhyasagarija upakula nikatare thiba nukata all khamas jillara eka sahara, zillah rajdhani juwara thaaru 10 kilometer dakhina-paschimare ebong tripoli thaaru 111 kilometer paschimare . bhugol. ehi sahara juwara thaaru praiah 11 kilometer (6.2 mile), bhumadhyasagar uttarare 10 kilometer ebong zlitten thaaru 10 kilometer uttara-paschimare abasthita. all assad sahara praiah 35 kilometer (22 mile) paschima-dakhina-paschimare abasthita. ehi sahara juwarara dakhina-paschima digare abasthita. paribahana. saharar nikattam antarjatija bimanbandar heuchhi juwara antarjatija bimanbandar . itihas. regdalin namati amazig bhasha "terradaline" ru aasichhi, jahara artha hyna, kaaran ehi anchalare bahu sankhyaka lock basabasa karuthile. arthabyabastha. banijyika khetra heuchhi arthika karjyakalapara muladua. atirikta auto parts, jantrika rakhyanabekhyana, nirmana samagri banijya ebong panipariba ebong pashudhan bajaara upare aadharita ehara eka sakriya shilpa john achhi . ehi bajaara saptahare duithara anusthita hoithae. saharar krushi arthaneeti jaituna, badam, angura ebong dumur bhali fasal upare aadharita, bisesh curry dakhina ebong paschima anchalare. sikhya. regdalin charoti bidyalaja madhyamare prathamika ebong madhyamika sikhya pradan kare . sikhya injinijaring khetrare talim paain eka anusthana parjyanta prasarita . injinijaring faculty all-jawia biswabidyalajara atte .

regdalin regdalin (arbia رقوالین) uttar-pachmi libia dey bhuu-maddh tatt dey nede nukat all khamas zilhe witch ikk shehar haii, joe zilha rajdhani zuvara toon 10 kilometer dakkhan-pachham atey tripoli toon 111 kilometer pachham witch haii. bhugol. ih shehar zuvara toon lagbhag 11 kilometer (6.2 meal), mediterian saagar toon 10 kilometer uttar atey zlitten toon 10 kilometer uttar-pachham witch haii. all asad daa shehar lagbhag 35 kilometer (22 meal) pachham-dakkhan-pachham witch haii. ih shehar zuvara dey dakkhan-pachham witch haii. aavajai. shehar daa sabh toon nazdiki antarashtari havaai adda zuvara antarashtari havaai adda haii. itihaas. regdalin naam amezi bhasha "terradeline" toon liaa giaa haii, jisda arth haii hyna, kiunki iss khetar witch vaddi ginti witch lock rahinde sunn. arthvivastha. vaparak khetar aarthik gatividhiaan dee neenh haii. iss witch spare auto parts, mechanical rakkh-rakhaa, nirman samaggari dey vapaar atey ikk sabziaan atey pashuaan dee markeet dey vapaar dey adhaar teey ikk sargaram udyogik khetar haii. baazaar hafte witch doou vaar aayojit keeta jaanda haii. shehar dee khetibadi arthvivastha khaas karke dakkhni atey pachmi khetran witch zaitun, badaam, angur atey anjir vargiaan faslan utte adharat haii. sikkhiaa. regdalin chaar schoolan raahin primary atey secondary sikkhiaa pardan karda haii. sikkhiaa engineering dey khetar witch sikhlai laee ikk sanstha takk faili hoee haii. engineering dee faculty all-zavia university naal sabandhat haii.

regadalin regadaalin (arabik-bhaashaah رقودالن) vaayavya-libyaa-pradeshasya bhoomadhyasaagareey-tatasya sameepe, mandalasya rajadhani jwara-nagaraat 10 kii. mee. dakshinapaschimadishi, tripoli-nagaraat 111 kii. mee. paschimadishi cha sthitam nagaram asti. bhoogolah. idam nagaram zuwara-nagaraat praayah 11 kii. mee. (6.2 mail) doore, bhumadhyasagarat 10 kii. mee. uttare, zlitton-nagaraat 10 kii. mee. vaayavyadishi cha asti. all asad-nagaram praayah 35 kii. mee. (22 mail) pashchim-nairutyadishi asti. idam nagaram zuwara-nagarasya dakshinapaschimadishi asti. parivahanam. asya nagarasya sameepastham antaaraashtriyavimaanastham zuwara-antaaraashtriyavimaanastha asti. itihaasah. regadalin iti naam amazig-bhashayaha "terredlan" iti bhashayaha vyutpannam asti, yasya arthah hainaa iti asti, yatah asmin pradeshe bahusankhyakaah nivasanti sma. arthavyavasthaa. vaanijyakshetram aarthikakriyaakalaapasy adharashila asti. asmin atirikta-vaahan-yantramshanam vyaapaarasy, yantrika-rakshanasy, nirmaana-saamagryaah vyaapaarasy, shaak-dhanya-pashu-vipanyaah cha aadhaaren sakriyah audyogika-pradesha asti. saptaahe dvivaaram vipananam bhavati. nagarasya krushi-arthavyavasthaa aaliv-sasyaani, badama-sasyaani, angura-sasyaani, anjeer-sasyaani ityadini, visheshatah dakshina-pashchim-pradesheshu, ashrita asti. shikshate. regadalin-vidyaalayah praathamik-maadhyamik-shikshaam chaturnam vidyaalayayoh madhyamena pradadaati. abhiyantrikeekshetre prashikshanartham shikshanm samsthaam yaavat vistaaritam asti. abhiyaantrikeevibhaagah all-zavia-vishvavidyaalayasya asti.

rectallin rectallin (arabu mozhif رقوالین) enbathu vadamaerku libiavin matthiya tharaikkadal kadarkaraikku arugil ulla nukkaat all coms maavattaththil ulla oru nagaramaagum, idhu mavattath thalaynagaraana juvaaraavilirunthu thenmaerkae 10 kimee tholaivilum, tripolikku maerkae 111 kimee tholaivilum ullathu. puviyiyal. inththa nagaram juvaaraavilirunthu sumar 11 kimee (6.2 mile) tholaivilum, matthiya tharaikkadalil irunthu 10 kimee vadakkilum, slittanil irunthu 10 kimee vadamaerkilum ullathu. all azad nagaram sumar 35 kimee (22 mile) maerku thenmaerkil ullathu. inththa nagaram swaraoku thenmaerkae ullathu. poakkuvaraththu. nagarin arugilulla sarvadesa vimaana nilaiyam juwara sarvadesa vimaana nilaiyamaagum. varalaaru. rectallin endra peyar amazic mozhiyaana "terredaline" enbathilirunthu perappattathu, athaavathu kazhudhaippuli, aenenil ippaguthiyil adhiga ennikkaiyilaana makkal vasiththu vanthanar. porulaathaaram. porulaathaara nadavadikkaikalukku vanigath thurai moolakkallaaga ullathu. udhiri vaagana udhiri bhaagangkal varththagam, iyanththira paramarippu, kattumaanap porutkal varththagam mattrum kaaikari mattrum kaalnadai santhaiyin adippadaiyil idhu oru seyalil ulla thozhilthurai mandalaththaik kondullathu. vaaraththirku irandu murai santhai nadaththappadukirathu. nagaraththin vivasaayap porulaathaaram olive, paathaam, thiraatchai mattrum aththippalam poantra payirkalai adippadaiyaagak kondadhu, kurippaaga therku mattrum merkaththiya piraanthiyangkalil. kalvi. rectallin naanku palligal moolam thodakka mattrum idainilaik kalviyai valangkukirathu. poriiyal thuraiyil payirchi peruvatharkaana oru niruvanaththirku kalvi virivadaigirathu. poriiyal peedangkal all-savia palkalaikkazhagaththaich saernthavai.

regdalin regadalin (arabic رقوالین) vaayuvya libia yokka madhyadhara tiiraaniki sameepamlo unna nukhat all khams jillaalo, jilla rajadhani juvaaraaku nairuti disalo 10 kii. mea. mariyu tripoliki paschimaana 111 kii. mea. la dhooramlo unna oka nagaram. bhougolikam. eee nagaram juwara nundi 11 kimmy (6.2 maillu), madhyadhara samudraaniki uttaraana 10 kimmy mariyu jlitenku vaayuvyamgaa 10 kimmy dhooramlo undhi. all assad pattanam nairuti disalo 35 kimmy (22 maillu) dhooramlo undhi. eee pattanam juvaaraaku nairuti disalo undhi. ravana. nagaraniki sameepa antarjaateeya vimaanaasrayam juwara antarjaateeya vimaanaasrayam. charitra. eee praantamloo pedda sankhyalo prajalu nivasistunnanduna regadalin anae paeru ameji bhasha "terredaline" nundi vachindi, dheeni ardham hainas. aardhika vyavastha. vaanijya rangam aardhika kaaryakalaapaalaku moolastambham. vidi vaahana bhagala vyaparam, yaantrika nirvahana, nirmaana samagri vyaparam mariyu kuuragaayalu mariyu pasuvula market aadhaaramgaa idhi churukaina paarisraamika praantaanni kaligi undhi. eee market vaaraaniki rendusaarlu nirvahinchabadutundi. nagaram yokka vyavasaya aardhika vyavastha olive, baadam, draksha mariyu atthi pandlu vanti pantalapai aadharapadi undhi, mukhyamgaa dakshina mariyu paschima praantaalalo. vidya. regadalin naalugu paatasaalala dwara praathamika mariyu madhyamika vidyanu andistundi. injaneering rangamlo sikshana kosam vidya oka samsthaku vistarinchindi. injaneering adhyapakulu all-javia vishwavidhyaalayaaniki chendinavaaru.

regdalin regadlin (arbee: raqwalin) shamaal maghrabi libiya kay bahirah room kay saahil kay qareeb zalaa nqoot alkhams kaa eek shehar hay juu zalaa kay darulhukumat zowarah say 10 chlometer janub maghrab aur taripoli say 111 chlometer maghrab mein hay. geografiya. yaha shehar zowarah say taqriba 11 chlometer (6.2 meel)yee bahirah room kay shamaal mein 10 chlometer aur zaletan say 10 chlometer shamaal maghrab mein hay. alasaad kaa qasbah taqriba 35 chlometer (22 meel) maghrab janub maghrab mein hay. yaha qasbah zowarah kay janub maghrab mein hay. nql woo hamal. shehar kaa qareeb tareen beenn alaqwami hawai addah zowarah beenn alaqwami hawai addah hay. tareekh. regadlin naam ameez zabaan "terridalin" say makhuz hay jiss kaa matlab hay hyena keunkah iss khatay mein bury taadad mein loag aabaad thay. maeshat. tajarti shobah iqtesadi sargarmiyon kii bunyaad hay. iss mein spear auto parts kii tajarat mechanical deekh bhaal tamirati mawaad kii tajarat aur sabziyon aur maveshiyon kii mundy parr mubni eek faal sanaati zoon hay. bazaar haftay mein duu baar munaqid hotaa hay. shehar kii zarayi maeshat khaas toor parr janubi aur maghrabi elaqon mein zeeton baadaam angor aur antar jaisi faslon parr mubni hay. taleem. regdalan chaar schoolon kay zariye ibtadayi aur saanvi taleem farahim kartaa hay. taleem engineering kay shobay mein tarbiyat kay liye eek idaarey takk phaili hoyee hay. engineering kii faculty kaa taaluq alzoya university say hay.

fffd56aca613e0ae3191fff90277d3d04bce7d07e1a882228a7684e13acdd048

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66135775

Kenjirou Okada

Kenjirou Okada Japanese director and storyboard artist is a Japanese director and storyboard artist best known for directing "March Comes In like a Lion". Career. Okada started off in the anime industry as a production assistant for "" in 2005 at Group TAC. Over several years, Okada worked to this capacity, and in 2007 was promoted to production manager on "Nenbutsu Monogatari" (released in 2008). Two years later, in 2010, he made his debut as an episode director on episode 124 of "Hana Kappa". That year, however, Group TAC filed for bankruptcy, and Okada had a short tenure at Studio CJT (founded by former Group TAC members) as a producer, but that same year became a freelancing director. In 2012, he became associated with Shaft and made his debut with the studio on the 2nd episode of "Nekomonogatari: Black". For the next 4 years, he participated in a number of Shaft productions as an episode director and storyboard artist, and in 2016 made his debut as a series director with the studio on "March Comes In like a Lion", which received positive reviews from critics. Okada occasionally works with other companies, but a majority of his output continues to be with Shaft. Style. In an interview between him and Shaft colleague Hajime Ootani, the two were asked to describe each other's styles and processes as directors. Commenting on his own style, Okada stated that he gave more attention to appealing to fans of the works he was adapting and the original author's expectations, to which Ootani supported and gave admiration for. Works. Television series. <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Highlights roles with series directorial duties.<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Highlights roles with assistant director or supervising duties. Video games. <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />  Highlights roles with series directorial duties. Notes. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

kenjirou ukada egoraki japani porisalok aaru sto 'ribo' rd xilpi ji "march komos inn laik e laayon" porisalonar baabe ataitkoi besi porisito. keriyar. ukada 2005 sonot groop tekot "ror production xohokari hisape enime udyugot aarombho hoisil. keiba bosor dhori, ukadai ei khyomotar xoite kaam korisil, aaru 2007 sonot "nenbutsu monugatari" (2008 sonot mukti) too production menezar hisape podunnoti laabh korisil. dubosoror pisot, 2010 sonot, teu "haana kappa" ror 124 nong khondot khondo porisalok hisape aatmoprokax korisil. obosye xei bosor groop taake deulia huwar baabe aabedon korisil, aaru ukadar studio 'sijeti (prakton groop tyak xodosyoxokolor dwara protistha koraa) too projujok hisape etaa xongkhipto karjokal aasil, kintu xei bosorei teu ejon freelanching porisalok hoi porisil. 2012 sonot teu xaftor xoite jorito hoisil aaru "nekumunugatarih black" ror dwitiyo khondot studio 'ror xoite aatmoprokax korisil. poroborti 4 bosor dhori teu ep 'sodd porisalok aaru sto' ribo 'rd xilpi hisape keibatau xaft productionot ongxogrohon korisil, aaru 2016 sonot studio' ror xoite sirij porisalok hisape aatmoprokax korisil "march kaams inn laik e laayon", jiye xomalusokxokolor poraa itibasok xomaluchona laabh korisil. ukadai maaje maaje aan companyr xoite kaam kore, kintu teur utpadonor besibhag xaftor xoite thaake. xoili. teu aaru xaftor xohokormi hajim utanir maajot huwa ek xakhyatkarot duyuke porisalok hisape ijone xijonor xoili aaru prokriya bornona koriboloi kuwa hoisil. teur nijor xoilir uporot montobyo kori ukadai koichil je teu obhijujit kori thoka kamxomuhor onuragixokolok aakorxito korar proti odhik monujug disil aaru mool lekhokor aaxa-akangkhyaxomuh, jaar baabe utaniye xomorthon aaru proxongxa korisil. kaam kore. television dharabahik. dharabahik porisalonar dayitwor xoite bhumikar uporot alukpat kore. xohayok porisalok baa nirikhyon koraa kortobyor xoite bhumikar uporot alukpat kore. video 'gaim. dharabahik porisalonar dayitwor xoite bhumikar uporot alukpat kore.

kenziro okada tini ekjon japani porichalok ebong golper board shilpi jini "singher moto aase" porichalona korar jonno sabcheye beshi porichito. pesha. okada 2005 saale group tyake "err jonno prajojana sahokari hisabe eneme shilpe shuru hoyechilo. besh koyek bochor dhorey, okada eyi khomota anujayi kaaj koreche ebong 2007 saale "nenbutsu monogatari" (2008 saale mukti)-teey prajojana byabosthapok hisabe padonnati peyeche. dui bochor porr, 2010 saale, tini "haanaa kappa"-rawr kappa"-rawr porbe porbo porichalok hisebe atmoprokash corren. seii bochor, group tyaka deulia hoye yawar jonno abedon korey ebong projojok hisabe studio sijeti (praktan group tyaka sadasyader dwara protisthito)-teey occader ekti sangkhipto meyad chhilo, kintu seii ekoi bochor tini ekjon freelancing porichalok hoye othen. 2012 saale, tini shufter saathe jukto hohn ebong "necomonogatory black"-err black"-err porbe studior saathe atmoprokash corren. poroborti 4 bochor dhorey, tini porbo porichalok ebong golper board shilpi hisabe besh koyekti shuft projojonai ongsho niyechilen ebong 2016 saale studior saathe sirij porichalok hisabe atmoprokash korechilen "singher moto aase", jaa somalochokder kachh theke itibachak porjalochona peyechilo. okada majhe majhe anyanno sangosthar saathe kaaj korey, tobey taar beshirbhag output shufter saathe thaake. shaili. taanr ebong taanr sahakarmi hazim utanir modhye ekti sakkhatkare, dujonke porichalok hisabe eke oporer shaili ebong prokriyaguli bornona korte bolla hoyechilo. taanr nijaswa shailir upor montobbo korey okada bolechilen jey tini jey kajguli grohon korchen taar bhoktoder kachhe abedon korar dike arow beshi monojog diyechilen ebong mool lekhoker protyasha, jaar jonno utani samarthan korechilen ebong proshongsha korechilen. kaaj korey. television sirij. sirij porichalonar dayitto soho bhumikaguli highlite korey. sahokari porichalok baa tottabodhaner dayitter saathe bhumika highlite korey. vdo gema. sirij porichalonar dayitto soho bhumikaguli highlite korey.

kenjirau okada teey aek japanese nirdeshak aneey storyboard kalakar chhe, jeey "cooch sinhnee jaim aave chhe" naa nirdeshan maate jaanita chhe. karkirdi. okada eneme udhogma 2005maan group teqa khaate "" maate production assistant tareeke sharuaat curry hatee. ghanaa varshothi, okada aaa kshamata sudhee kaama karyoo, aneey 2007maan "nainbutsu monogaataari" (2008maan rajoo) parr production manager tareeke badhatee aapvama aavee hatee. beey varsh pachhi, 2010maan, temane "haanaa kappa" naa episode 124maan episode director tareeke padaarpan karyoo hatoo. jooe keey, teey varshe, group tekae nadari maate arji curry hatee, aneey okada studiyo cjt (bhutpurv group teqa sabhyo dwara sthaapit) maan nirmata tareeke tunkaa gaadaano kaarykaad raakhyo hato, parantu teey jaj varshe teey freelancing director banyaa hataa. 2012 maan, teo shaft saathe sankalaayela banyaa aneey "nekomonogatarih black" naa beeja episodema studiyo saathe temnee sharuaat curry. aagaami 4 varsh sudhee, temane episode director aneey storyboard kalakar tareeke sankhyaabandh shaft productionsmaa bhaag leedho, aneey 2016 maan studiyo saathe shrenee nirdeshak tareeke "march cums ina like aaa lyon" parr padaarpan karyoo, jene vivechako tarafthi hakaaraatmak sameekshao malee. okada kyarek anya companyo saathe kaama karey chhe, parantu tenu motaabhaagnu utpaadan shaft saathe rahe chhe. shailee. temnaa aneey temnaa sahyogi hajime utaani vachchena aek interviewmaa, bannene nirdeshako tareeke aekbeejaani shaileeo aneey prakriyaonu varnan karvaa maate kahevama aavyu hatoo. potaani shailee parr tippani kartaa, okada janaavyu hatoo keey temane jeey kruteeone sweekaar curry rahyaa hataa tenaa chaahakone apil karvaa aneey mool lekhaknee apekshao parr vadhu dhyaan aapyu hatoo, jene utaaniae teko aapyo hato aneey prashansa curry hatee. kaama karey chhe. television shrenee. shrenee nirdeshan farajo saatheni bhoomikaone prakashit karey chhe. sahayak nirdeshak athavaa dekhrekh farajo saatheni bhoomikaone prakashit karey chhe. videeyo games. shrenee nirdeshan farajo saatheni bhoomikaone prakashit karey chhe.

kenjirau okada ack japani nirdeshak aur storyboard kalakar hain joe "march ack shher kii tarah aataa haye" key nirdeshan key liye jaane jaate hain. carrier. okada ney anime udyog mein 2005 mein samooh tech mein "" key liye ack utpaadan sahayak key roop mein shuruat kii. kaee varshon mein, okada ney iss kshamata key liye kaam kiya, aur 2007 mein "nenbutsu monogatari" (2008 mein jaari) parr utpaadan prabandhak key roop mein padonnat kiya gayaa. dou saal baad, 2010 mein, unhone "haanaa kappa" key episode 124 mein ack episode nirdeshak key roop mein apani shuruat kii. haalaanki, usa varsh, samooh tii. aeye. see. ney diwaliyapan key liye aavedan kiya, aur okada kaa studio see. jey. tii. (poorv samooh tii. aeye. see. sadasyon dwara sthaapit) mein ack nirmaata key roop mein ack chhota karyakal thaa, lekin usee varsh vaha ack swatantra nideshak bunn gayaa. 2012 mein, vaha shaft seey judey aur "nekomonogaataarih black" key dusare episode mein studio key saath apani shuruat kii. agale 4 varshon key liye, unhone ack episode nirdeshak aur storyboard kalakar key roop mein kaee shaft prastutiyon mein bhaag liya, aur 2016 mein "march cums inn like aeye lyon" parr studio key saath ack shrinkhala nirdeshak key roop mein apani shuruat kii, jise alochakon seey sakaratmak sameeksha millie. okada kabhi-kabhi anya companiyon key saath kaam kartaa haye, lekin uska adhikansh utpaadan shaft key saath jaari haye. shally. unake aur unake sahayogi hajime ootaani key beach ack sakshatkar mein, donon koo nirdeshakon key roop mein ack-dusare kii shailiyon aur prakriyaon kaa varnan karane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa. apani shally parr tippani karate hue, okada ney kahaa kii unhone una karyon key prashansakon koo aakarshit karane parr adhik dhyaan diyaa, jinhen way anukoolit curr rahey they aur mool lekhak kii apekshaaen, jinake liye ootaani ney samarthan kiya aur prashansa kii. kaam kartaa haye. television shrinkhala. shrinkhala nirdeshan kartavyon key saath bhoomikaon koo ujagar kartaa haye. sahayak nideshak yaa paryavekshan kartavyon key saath bhoomikaon koo ujagar kartaa haye. video game. shrinkhala nirdeshan kartavyon key saath bhoomikaon koo ujagar kartaa haye.

kenjirou okada japanina nirdeshaka mattu storyboard kalaavidaraagiruva avaru "march cums inn line" nirdeshanakke hesaruvasiyagiddare. vrattijeevana. okada 2005ralli group tock nalli "" gaagi nirmaana sahayakaragi anime udyamadalli praarambhavaayitu. halavaaru varshagalinda, okada ee saamarthyakke takkante kelasa maaditu, mattu 2007ralli "nenbutsu monogatari" (2008ralli bidugadeyaayitu) chitrada nirmaana vyavasthaapakaraagi badti nidalaayitu. eradu varshagala nantara, 2010ralli, avaru "haanaa kappa" naa 124neey sanchikeyalli sanchikeya nirdeshakaragi paadaarpane maadidaru. aadaagyoo, aaa varsha, group tock diwalitanakke arji sallisitu, mattu okada studio cijetiyalli (maaji group tock sadasyaru sthaapisida) nirmaapakaraagi alpavadhiya adhikaravadhiyannu hondittu, aadare adhe varsha swatantra nirdeshakaraadaru. 2012ralli, avaru shaftnondige sambandha belesidaru mattu "necomonogatory black" naa 2neey sanchikeyalli studiyodondige paadaarpane maadidaru. mundina 4 varshagala kaala, avaru sanchikeya nirdeshaka mattu storyboard kalaavidaraagi halavaaru shaft nirmanagalalli bhagavahisidaru, mattu 2016 ralli "march cums inn like aa layan" studiyodondige sarani nirdeshakaragi paadaarpane maadidaru, idu vimarshakarinda sakaaraatmaka vimarshegalannu padeyitu. okada sandarbhikavagi itara kampanigalondige kelasa maaduttaare, aadare avara utpaadaneya bahupalu shaftnondige munduvariyuttade. shaili. avara mattu shaft sahodyogi hajime uutaani naduvina sandarshanadalli, nirdeshakaragi parasparara shailigalu mattu prakriyegalannu vivarisalu ibbarannu kelalaayitu. tannade sailiya bagge pratikriyisida okada, taanu alavadisikolluttiruva krutigala abhimaanigalige mattu moola lekhakara nirikshegalannu akarshisalu hecchu gamanavannu niididdeene endu helidaru, idakke uutaani bembala niididaru mattu mechchuge vyaktapadisidaru. kelasa maaduttaane. duradarshana sarani. sarani nirdeshanada kartavyagalondige patragalannu highlite maadi. sahayaka nirdesakara athawa melvicharana kartavyagala patragalannu highlite maadi. video gemgalu. sarani nirdeshanada kartavyagalondige patragalannu highlite maadi.

kenchiro okkada march oru simhatheppole varunnu" enna samvidaanam cheythukondu ariyappedunna oru japanese samvidaayakanum storyboard aarttistum aanu. currier. 2005 ll group taakkil "enna chithratthinte nirmmaana sahayiyaayi aanimeshan vyavasaayathil okaada aarambhichu. niravadhi varshangalayi, okaada eee seshiyil pravartthikkukayum 2007 ll "nenbutsu monogaathaari" (2008 ll puratthirangi) enna chithratthil production manejaraayi sthaanakkayattam nedukayum cheythu. rund varshathinu sesham, 2010-ll, "hanah kappa" yude episode 124-ll addeham oru episode director arangettam kurichu. ennirunnaalum, aaa varsham, group tack paapparatthatthinaayi phayal cheythu, okaadaykk oru nirmmathaavaayi studiyo sijeti (muun group tack amgangal sthaapicha) yill oru hraswakaala kaalavadhi undaayirunnu, ennaal athe varsham thanne oru freelancing director. 2012-ll addeham shaaftumaayi bandhappedukayum "necomonogaathaari black" enna chithratthinte randaam episodil studiyoyil arangettam kurikkukayum cheythu. adutha 4 varshakkalam, oru episode director storyboard aarttistumaayi niravadhi shaaft productionukalil addeham pankedutthu, 2016 ll "march cums inn like eiii layan" enna studiyoyil oru seerees director arangettam kurichu, ithu niroopakaril ninnu nalla avalokanangal nedi. okaada idaykkide mattu kambanikalumaayi pravartthikkunnundena addehathinte ulppaadanathinte bhooribhaagavum shaaftilaanu. shaili. adhehavum shaafttile sahapravarthakanaaya hajim oottaaniyum thammilulla oru abhimukhathil, samvidaayakar enna nilayil parasparam shailikalum prakriyakalum vivarikkan iruvarodu aavasyappettu. thante swantham shailiyekkurich abhiprayappetta okada, thaan sweekarikkunna kruthikalude aaraadhakare akarshikkunnathinum yadhaartha rachayithaavinte prathekshakalkkum oottaani pinthunaykkukayum prashamsikkukayum cheythathil kooduthal shradha nalkiyathaayi prasthaavichu. jolie cheiyunnu. television parambarakal. parambara samvidaana chumathalakalulla veshangal eduthukaanikkunnu. asisttant directorudeo melnotta chumathalakaludeyo rolukal eduthukaanikkunnu. viidiyoo geyimukal. parambara samvidaana chumathalakalulla veshangal eduthukaanikkunnu.

kenjiro okada march kamas inn aaa lyon' yaa digdarshanasathi prasiddha asalela too eka japani digdarshak aanee storyboard kalakar aahe. karkird. okadane 2005 madhye group tackmadhye 'sathee nirmiti sahayyak mhanoon eneme udhyogat suruvat kelee. anek varshe, okadane yaa kshamatenusar kaam kele aanee 2007 madhye 'nenbutsu monogatari' (2008 madhye pradarshit) yaa chitrapatasathi nirmiti vyavasthapak mhanoon tyala badhati denyat aalee. done varshannantar, 2010 madhye, tyane 'haanaa kappa' chya 124 vya bhagatoon bhag digdarshak mhanoon padarpan kele. tathapi, tyaa varshi, samooh tii. aii. see. neey diwalkhorisathi arj keela aanee nirmata mhanoon studio see. jeey. tii. (majee gut tii. aii. see. sadasyanni sthapan kelele) madhye okadacha alpakalin karyakal hota, parantu tyach varshi teey swatantrapane kaam karnare sanchalak banale. 2012 madhye, too shaftshee sambandhit jhaala aanee 'nekomonogatarih black' chya chya bhagavar studiomadhye padarpan kele. pudhil 4 varshe, tyane bhag digdarshak aanee storyboard kalakar mhanoon anek shaft productionmadhye bhag ghetala aanee 2016 madhye studiosah malika digdarshak mhanoon padarpan kele, 'march cums inn like aaa lyon' varr, jyala samikshakankadun sakaratmak pratisad midala. okada adhunmadhun itar companyansobat kaam karato, parantu tyache bahutansh utpadan shafts rahate. shaili. tyanche aanee tyanche sahkari hajime uutani yanchyatil mulakhatit, doghannahi digdarshak mhanoon ekmekanchya shaili aanee prakriyanche varnan karnyas sanganyat aale. tyachya swatachya shailivar bhashya kartana, okada mhanale qee tyane jyaa kamanshi julavun ghetale aahe aanee mool lekhakachya apekshanchya chahatyanna aakarshit karnyavar adhik laksh dile, jyasathi uutanine samarthan dile aanee prashansa kelee. kaam karate. durchitravani malika. malika digdarshanachya kartvyansah bhoomika thalakpane dakhavtat. sahayyak sanchalak kinwa dekhrekh kartvyansah bhoomika thalakpane dakhavtat. video games. malika digdarshanachya kartvyansah bhoomika thalakpane dakhavtat.

kenjirau okada uni ek japani nirdeshak rar storyboard kalakar hun jo "march sinha jastai aunchha" nirdeshanka lagi parichit chhan. currier. okadale anime udyogma "maa" ko lagi utpadan sahayakko rupma suru garyo samuha takma 2005. dherai warshaharuma, okadale yass kshamatama kaam गऱ्यो।, rar 2007 maa "nenbutsu monogatari" (2008 maa jaari) maa utpadan prabandhakko rupma badhuwa gariyo. dui warshapachhi, sann 2010 maa, unle "hannah kappa" ko episode 124 maa episode nirdeshakko rupma afno suruwat gare. tyo warsha, tathapi, samuha tekle diwaliapanka lagi avedan diyo, rar okadako studio cjt (purva samuha tech sadasyaharudwara sthapit) maa nirmatako rupma chhoto karyakal thiyo, tara tyahi warsha uni swatantra nirdeshak bane. sann 2012 maa, uni shaftsanga sambandhit bhae rar "nekomonogatarihi black" ko dosro episodema studiyosanga afno debue gare. arko 4 warshasamma, unle episode nirdeshak rar storyboard kalakarko rupma dherai shaft prodaksanharuma bhag lie, rar 2016 maa studiyosanga "march cummins like ae lyon" maa shringkhala nirdeshakko rupma afno debue gare, jasle alochakharubata sakaratmak samiksha prapta गऱ्यो।. okadale kahilekaahin anya companyharusanga kaam gardacha, tara unko utpadanko bahumat shaftsanga jaari chha. shaili. uni rar shaft sahakarmi hazim utanibichko antarwartama, duwailai nirdeshakko rupma ek arkako shaili rar prakriyaharuko warnan garna bhanieko thiyo. afno afnai shailima tippani gardai, okadale bhane kii unle anukulan gariraheka kamharuka prashansakharulai appeal garna rar muel lekhakka apekshaharuma badhi dhyan die, jaslai otanile samarthan rar prashansa gare. kaam garchha. television shringkhala. shringkhalabadha nirdeshan kartawyaharuka sath bhumikaharu highlite gardacha. sahayak nirdeshak wa nirikshan kartawyaharusita bhumikaharu highlite gardacha. bhidiyo gemharu. shringkhalabadha nirdeshan kartawyaharuka sath bhumikaharu highlite gardacha.

kenjiru okada shay jane japani nirdeshaka ebong storyboard kalakara, jieki "march eka singh pari aase" rahr nirdeshana paain janashuna . kyariyara. okada 2005 ray group taak ray "paain eka prodoxon assistant bhabare aanime industryre arambha karithile . aneka barsha dhari, okada ehi khyamata sahita karjya karithila, ebong 2007 ray "nenbutsu monogatary" (2008 ray muktilabha) ray prodoxon manager bhabare padonnati paithila . dui barsha parey, 2010 ray, shay "haanaa kappa" rahr episode 124 ray eka episode nirdeshaka bhabare debyu karithile. tebe sehi barsha, group taak debaliapana paain abedan karithila, ebong okadara prajojaka bhabare studio sijeti (purbatana group taak sadasyamananka dwara sthapita) ray eka swalpa karjyakala thila, kintu sehi barsha jane freelancing nirdeshaka hoithile . 2012 ray, shay shaft sahita jadita hoithile ebong "nekomonogatarihi black" rahr dwiteeja episodare studio sahita debyu karithile. parabarti 4 barsha paain, shay eka episode nirdeshaka ebong storyboard kalakara bhabare aneka shaft pradaksanare anshagrahana karithile, ebong 2016 ray studio sahita eka sirij nirdeshaka bhabare debyu karithile "march eka singh pari aase", jaahaa samalochakankatharu sakaratmaka samikhya paithila . okada belebele anya company sahita kaama kare, kintu tankara adhikansha utpadana shaft sahita jaari rahichhi . sailee. taanka ebong shaft sahakarmee hajime utaneenka madhyare eka sakhyatakarare, ubhajanku nirdeshaka bhabare paraspar sailee ebong prakriya barnana karibaku kuhajaithila . niz sailee upare mantabya dei okada kahithile je shay jeun karjyagudiku grahan karuchanti ebong moola lekhakanka aasha upare prashansakamananku akrusta kariba upare shay adhika dhyana deichhanti, jaahaaku utani samarthan karithile ebong prashansa karithile. kaama kare. television dharabahika. dharabahika nirdeshana dajitwa sahita bhumika upare alokapata kare . sahajaka nirdeshaka kimba tadarakh karttabya sahita bhumika upare alokapata kare . bhidio game. dharabahika nirdeshana dajitwa sahita bhumika upare alokapata kare .

kenjiro okada ikk japani nirdeshak atey storyboard kalakar haii joe "march ikk shher wang aaunda haii" dey nirdeshan laee sabh toon vaddh janhiaa jaanda haii. carrier. okada neey anime udyog witch 2005 witch group taek vikhe ikk production sahaik vajon shuruat keeti. kaee saalan toon, okada neey iss samratha naal kamm keeta, atey 2007 witch "nenbutsu monogatri" (2008 witch jaari) utte production manager vajon tarakki ditti gaee. doou saal baad, 2010 witch, unhan neey "haana kappa" dey episode 124 witch ikk episode director vajon aapni shuruat keeti. uss saal, halanki, group taek neey diwaliapan laee arzi ditti, atey okada daa ikk nirmata dey roop witch studio cjt (sabka group taek memberan duaara sathapat) witch ikk chhota karajkal see, parr use saal ikk freelancing director bann giaa. sann 2012 witch, uh shaft naal jude atey "necomonogataria black" dey dooje episode witch studio naal aapni shuruat keeti. agle 4 saalan laee, usne ikk episode director atey storyboard kalakar dey roop witch kaee shaft productionan witch hissa liaa, atey 2016 witch studio dey naal ikk seereez director dey roop witch aapni shuruat keeti "march ikk shher wang aaunda haii", jiss noon aalochakan toon skaratmak samikhiaavan miliaan. okada kadey-kadayin horr companyan naal kamm karda haii, parr uss daa ziaadaatar output shaft naal jaari haii. shaili. unhan atey unhan dey sehyogi hajim ootani darmiaan ikk interview witch, dovan noon directoran vajon ikk dooje deeaan shailiaan atey prakiriaavan daa varnan curran laee kiha giaa see. aapni shaili 'teey tippni kardiaan, okada neey kiha kii usne uhanan rachnavan dey parshanskan noon aakarshit curran vall vadhere dhiaan ditta jinhan noon uh apna rahey sunn atey mool lekhak deeaan umeedan, jinhan daa ootani neey samarthan keeta atey parshansa keeti. kamm karda haii. television ladiwar. ladiwar nirdeshan kartavvan naal bhumikavan noon ujagar karda haii. sahaik director jaan nigrani kartavvan naal bhumikavan noon ujagar karda haii. vdo geman. ladiwar nirdeshan kartavvan naal bhumikavan noon ujagar karda haii.

kenjiro okada saha ekaha japani nirdeshaka, storyboard-kalakaraha cha asti yah "maarch cums inn aas e layan" iti nirdeshanartham prasidhah asti. vruttihi. okada iti chalacchitram 2005 tame varshe "att group taak" ityasya krute nirmaana-sahayakatvena anime-udyamasya aarambham akarot. anekavarsheshu, okada-samsthaa etaavat kshamatayaa karyam krutavatee, 2007 tame varshe "nenbutsu monogaataari" (2008 tame varshe pradarshitam) ityasmin nirmaana-vyavasthaapakaroopen padonnatim avaapnot. varshadvayaanantaram 2010 tame varshe "haanaa kappaa" ityasya 124 tame prakaranasya prakarananirdeshakaroopen saha padaarpanam krutavaan. parantu tasmin varshe samooh-tea. e. see. diwala-aavedanam krutavaan, okada ityasya studio-see. jey. tea. madhye (poorvaih samooh-tea. e. see. sadasyaih samsthaapitah) nirmaatruroopen alpakalam yaavat karyakalam aasit, parantu tasmin eva varshe saha swatantra-nirdeshaka abhavat. 2012 tame varshe saha shaft ityanena saha sambadhah abhavat, "nekomonogaataarih black" ityasya dwiteeya-khande studio ityanena saha padaarpanam krutavaan. agrimeshu 4 varshaani yaavat saha prakarananirdeshakaroopen, kathaavastu-kalakararupena cha anekaasu shaft-nirmaaneshu bhaagam agruhnaat, 2016 tame varshe "maarch cums inn laik e lion" iti studio ityanena saha shrunkhalaapranirdeshakaroo padaarpanam krutavaan, yat vimarshakaih sakaratmakam samiksham praapnot. okada kadaachit anyaih kampaneebhih saha karyam karoti, parantu tasya utpadanasya adhikaamshah bhaagah shaft ityanena saha eva bhavati. shailee. tasya tathaa shaft-sahakarmee hajime ootaanee ityasya cha madhye ekasmin sakshatkare, dwau cha parasparm nirdeshakaroopen shailinam prakriyam cha varnayitum prushtaah. swashailyaah vishaye tippaneem akurvan, okada ityeshah avadat yat saha swasya krutayah, mulalekhakena apekshitaah cha krutayah, ye cha samarthitaah, prashamsitaah cha aasan, teshaam prashamsakaah prati aakrushtum adhikam avadhaanam dattavaan iti. karyam karoti. dooradarshan-dhaaraavaahikam. shrunkhalaprashasanatmaka-kartavyaih saha paatraani pramukharoopen darshayati. sahayakanirdeshakena athavaa paryavekshana-kartavyaih saha bhumikam prakaashayati. veediyo-games. shrunkhalaprashasanatmaka-kartavyaih saha paatraani pramukharoopen darshayati.

kenjirou ogada avar oru japanian iyakkunar mattrum kadhaippalagai kalaignar aavaar, avar "maarch oru singaththaip poala varukirathu" enbathai iyakkiyatharkaaka nanku ariyapattavar. thozhil. ogada anim thuraiyil oru thayaarippu uthaviyaalaraaka 2005 aam aandil kuzhu tock ill thodangiyathu. pala aandugalaaka, ogada inththa thiranudan paniyaattrinaar, maelum 2007 aam aandil "nenbutchu monogadari" (2008 ill veliyidappattathu) ill thayaarippu maelaalaraaka padhavi uyarvu pettraar. irandu aandugalukkup piragu, 2010 aam aandil, "hanaa kappa" inn 124 vadhu aththiyaayaththil aththiyayam iyakkunaraaka arimugamaanaar. iruppinum, antha aandu, groob tock thivaalnilaikku vinnappiththathu, maelum ogada oru thayaarippaalaraaga studio sijedi (munnaal groob tock uruppinargalaal niruvappattathu) ill oru kurugiya kaalatthai kondirundhadhu, aanaal athae aandu oru freelancing iyakkunar aanaar. 2012 aam aandil, avar shoftudden thodarpudaiyavaraaga maari, "negomonogadori pilaak" inn 2 vadhu aththiyaayaththil studiyoavudan arimugamaanaar. aduththa 4 aandugalukku, avar oru aththiyayam iyakkunar mattrum kadhaippalagai kalaignaraaga pala shoft thayaarippukalil pankettraar, maelum 2016 aam aandil studiyoavudan oru thodar iyakkunaraaka arimugamaanaar, idhu "maarch oru singaththaip poala varukirathu", idhu vimarsagargalidamirunthu nermaraiyaana vimarsanangkalaip pettrathu. ogada eppoathaavathu mattra niruvanangaludan panipurigiraar, aanaal avarathu veliyeettil perumbaguthi thodarnthu thandudan ullathu. paani. avarukkum avarathu saga uuzhiyaraana hajim uuttaanikkum idaiyilaana oru nerkaanalil, iruvarum oruvarukkoruvar paanigal mattrum seyalmuraigalai iyakkunarkalaaka vivarikkumpadi kaetkappattanar. thanathu sontha paaniyaip pattri karutthu theriviththa oogaadaa, avar thazhuvikkondirukkum padaippugal mattrum asal aasiriyarin ethirpaarppukal aagiyavattrin rasigargalai eerppathil adhiga kavanam seluththiyathaagak koorinaar, idharku uudaani aatharavaliththaar mattrum paaraattinaar. vaelai seikirathu. tholaikaatchi thodar. thodar iyakkunargalin kadamaigaludan paaththirangkalai munnilaippaduththukirathu. udhavi iyakkunar allathu maerpaarvaiyidum kadamaigaludan paaththirangkalai munnilaippaduththukirathu. veediyoa kaemgal. thodar iyakkunargalin kadamaigaludan paaththirangkalai munnilaippaduththukirathu.

kenjirou okada japanese darsakudu mariyu storyboard artiste, "march oka simham laaga vastundi" anae chitraaniki darsakatvam vahinchadaaniki prasiddhi chendaaru. vrutti. okada anime parisramalo 2005loe group tock loe "" kosam nirmaana sahayakudiga praarambhamaindi. aneka samvatsaraalugaa, okada eee saamardhyaaniki panichesindi, mariyu 2007loe "nenbutsu monogaataari" (2008loe vidudalaindi) loe production managerga padoonnati pondindi. rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata, 2010loe, ayana "haana kappa" yokka 124va episodelo episode directorga arangetram chesaaru. ayithe, aaa samvatsaram, group tock diwala kosam daakhalu chesindi, mariyu okaadaaku nirmaatagaa studio sijeti (maajee group tock sabhyulachae sthaapinchabadindi) loe swalpakaalam panicheesaaru, conny adhe samvatsaram freelancing director ayyaru. 2012loe, athanu shaftto anubandham yerparuchukuni, "necomonogatari block" yokka 2va episodelo studiolo adugupettadu. taruvaati 4 samvatsaraalu, athanu episode director mariyu storyboard artistga aneka shaft productions loe palgonnadu, mariyu 2016 loe "march cums inn like eah layan" anae studiolo syries directorga arangetram chesaadu, idhi vimarsakula nundi saanukuula sameekshalanu andukundi. okada appudappudu itara companylatho kalisi panicheestaadu, conny athani utpattilo ekkuva bhaagam shaftone konasaagutundi. shaili. ayana, ayana sahodyogi hajime ootaanee madhya icchina interviewlo, darsakulugaa okari sailulu, prakriyalanu marokaru vivarinchamani iddarinee koraru. thana sonta shaili gurinchi vyaakhyaanistuu, okada taanu sweekaristunna rachanala abhimanulanu aakarshinchadampai mariyu asalu rachayita anchanaalanu aakarshinchadampai ekkuva shraddha chuupaanani, dheeniki ootaani maddatu icchi prasamsimchaadani paerkonnaadu. pani chestundi. television dharavahikalu. syries darsakatva vidhulatho paatralanu highlight chestundi. sahayaka darsakudito ledhaa paryaveekshanha vidhulatho paatralanu highlight chestundi. veediyo games. syries darsakatva vidhulatho paatralanu highlight chestundi.

cangero okada eek japani hidayat kaar aur story board artist haine juu "maarch sheer kii tarah aataa hay" kii hidayat kaaree kay liye mashhur haine. carrier. okada nay anaemy industry mein "2005 mein grop tye aey see mein" kay liye production assistent kay toor parr aaghaz kiyaa. kayee saalon mein okada nay iss salahiyat kay mutabiq kaam kiyaa aur 2007 mein "nainbatso monogatari" (2008 mein release) parr production meniger kay toor parr tarqi dee gayee. duu saal baad 2010 mein inhon nay "hanaa kapaa" kii qast 124 mein eek qast director kay toor parr apnaa aaghaz kiyaa. tahim iss saal grop tye aey see nay dewaliya punn kay liye darkhwast dayer kii aur okada kii studio see jay tye (saabiq grop tye aey see arakeen kay zariah qayem kardah) mein batoor producer eek mukhtasir madat thee leakin asee saal wah eek free lansing director bunn gayaa. 2012 mein wah shaaft say waabistah how gayey aur "nekmonogatari: bleek" kii dosri qast parr studio kay saath apnaa aaghaz kiyaa. aglay 4 saalon takk inhon nay eek qast director aur story board artist kii haisiyat say mutadid shaaft productions mein hasah liyaa aur 2016 mein studio kay saath seerez director kay toor parr apnaa aaghaz kiyaa "maarch kamz inn aiz aey line"yee jasay naqdin kii taraf say masbat jaizay milay. okada kabhi kabhaar dosri companiyon kay saath kaam kartaa hay leakin iss kii paidawar kii aksariyat shaaft kay saath jaari hay. andaaz. inn kay aur shaaft kay saathi hajeem autani kay darmiyan eek intervieve mein donon say kahaa gayaa kahh wah batoor director eek dosray kay andaaz aur amal kuu biyaan karein. apnay andaaz parr tabsarah kartay hoay okada nay kahaa kahh inhon nay inn kaamon kay shaiqeen kuu apeel karnay parr ziyadah taujah dee jinn kay liye wah mawafiqat kirr rahay thay aur asl masnaf kii tauqiyat jinn kii autani nay himayat kii aur tareef kii. kaam kartaa hay. teeli vision seerez. seerez kii hidayat kaaree kay faraiz kay saath kirdaron kuu numayan kartaa hay. assistent director yaa nigrani kay faraiz kay saath kirdaron kuu numayan kartaa hay. video games. seerez kii hidayat kaaree kay faraiz kay saath kirdaron kuu numayan kartaa hay.

fffd5930122d1f79b11aab3132878aa6559d0a4bf8d6a7080fab1c02de05e867

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38074454

WISE 1639−6847

WISE 1639−6847 Brown dwarf in the constellation Triangulum Australe <indicator name="01-sky-coordinates"><templatestyles src="Template:Sky/styles.css" />Coordinates: &show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=1&show_galaxies=1&img_source=IMG_all 16h 39m 40.83s, −68° 47′ 38.6″</indicator> WISE J163940.83−684738.6 (designation is abbreviated to WISE 1639−6847, or W1639) is a brown dwarf of spectral class Y0–Y0.5, located in constellation Triangulum Australe (it's the nearest star / brown dwarf in this constellation) at approximately 16 light-years from Earth. Discovery. WISE 1639−6847 was discovered in 2012 by C. G. Tinney "et al." from data, collected by Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) Earth-orbiting satellite — NASA infrared-wavelength 40 cm (16 in) space telescope, which mission lasted from December 2009 to February 2011. In 2012 Tinney "et al." carried out follow-up observations of WISE 1639−6847 using the FourStar infrared mosaic camera mounted on the 6.5 m Magellan Baade telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile (on 2012 May 10–11 (UT)); and spectroscopy using the Folded-port Infrared Echellette (FIRE) also mounted on the 6.5 m Magellan Baade telescope (on 2012 July 10 (UT)). In 2012 Tinney "et al." published a paper in "The Astrophysical Journal", where they presented discovery of a newfound by WISE Y-type brown dwarf WISE 1639−6847 (the only brown dwarf discovery, presented in the article): the paper was accepted for publication on 20 September 2012, submitted to arXiv on 27 September 2012, and published in November 2012. Physical properties. WISE 1639−6847 has absolute magnitude in "J"-band 22.14 ± 0.22. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

1639-6847 wize j163940.83 − 684738.6 (podobitu wize 1639−6847, baa W1639 buli xongkhyepe kuwa hoy) hoise prithibir poraa pray 16 aaluk-bosor durotwot thoka tribhuj tribhuj austrail (ee ei nokhyotropunjor nikototom taroka/badami baamon) too owosthito bornali shrenir etaa badami baamon. abiskar. 2012 sonot 1639-6847 bujaar xondhan korisil chi. ji. tini "ityadi."wide-field infrared joreep explurar (wize) prithibi-kokhyopothor upogroho-nasa infrared-wavelanth 40 che. mii. (16 inchi) mohakax durbikhyon jontror dwara xongroho koraa tothyor poraa, ji obhijan 2009 sonor disemboror poraa 2011 sonor februaryloike solisil. 2012 sonot tini "ett aal."silor laas campanus owojarbhetorit (2012 sonot 10-11 (UT)) 6.5 mitter megelon bede teliscopot loguwa sarita taroka infrared mujaik kemera byobohar kori 1639-6847 sonor poroborti porzobekhyon xomponno koraa hoisil; aaru bhaaj koraa-port infrared akelet (jui) byobohar kori spectroscopy 6.5 mitter megelon bede teliscopotu (2012 july 10 (UT)) loguwa hoisil. 2012 sonot tini "ett aal."" dyo estro "physical journalot" etaa gowexona potro prokax korisil, zo "too teuluke wize waai-type braun borf wize 1639-6847 (probondhotut uposthapon koraa ekmatro braun borf abiskar) ror dwara abiskar koraa etaa notun abiskar uposthapon korisiloh gowexona potrotu 20 septembor 2012-too prokaxor baabe grohon koraa hoisil, 27 septembor 2012-too arxivot daakhil koraa hoisil, aaru novembor 2012-too prokax koraa hoisil. bhoutik boixistyo. 1639-6847 ror "je"-bendo 22.14 ±. 02 too xompurno matra aase.

biggo 1639-6847 oyaija j163940.83 − 684738.6 (podobiti oyaija 1639−6847, baa dablu1639 hisabe sangkhipto koraa hoy) bornali shrenir ekti badami bamon, jaa trivuz australe (etty eyi nokkhotropunjer nikatatama taaraa/badami bamon) nokkhotromondole abosthito, jaa prithibi theke pray 16 alokborsho doore abosthito. abishkar. 2012 saale shee dwara 1639-6847 abishkrito hoyechilo. zii. tinny "ebong anyanno."tothyo theke, wide-field infrared jorip explorer (oyaija) prithibi-kokkhopoth upogroho-nassa infrared-torongodoirgho 40 semi (16 inchi) space telescope dwara sangrihito, jaa mission december 2009 theke february 2011 porjonto sthayi hoyechilo. 2012 saale tinny "ett all."chilir laas campanus observatory (2012 saale 10-11 (UT) hotey paare)-teey 6.5 mitter magellan baade telescoper upor mount koraa chaar tarka infrared mozaik camera byabohar korey 1639-6847-err anusari porjobekkhonguli somponno koraa hoyeche; ebong bhanj-porta infrared ekeleta (fayara) byabohar korey spectroscopy 6.5 mitter magellan baade telescoper upor mount koraa hoyeche (2012 julai 10 (UT)). 2012 saale tinny "ett all."" "dya astrophysical journal" "-ayee ekti gobeshonapotro prakash korey, jekhane taaraa oyaija oyai-type braun bamon oyaija 1639-6847 (ekmatro badami bamon abishkar, nibondhe uposthapito) dwara ekti notun abishkarer uposthapon koreh gobeshonapotroti 20 septembara 2012-ayee prokasher jonno grihito hoyechilo, 27 septembara 2012-ayee arxiver kachhe jomaa deoa hoyechilo ebong navembar 2012-ayee prokashito hoyechilo. sharirik baisishtya. 1639-6847 err "jeey"-bande porom matra 22.14 ± 0.22.

buddhiman 1639-6847 buddhiman j163940.83 − 684738.6 (padnam koo sankshipt roop seey buddhiman 1639−6847, yaa yaa kahaa jaataa haye) varnakramiya varg y0-y0.5 kaa ack bhura bauna haye, joe prithvi seey lagbhag 16 prakaash varsh kii doori parr tribhuj tribhuj austrail (yeh iss nakshatr mein nikatatam taaraa/bhura bauna haye) mein sthit haye. khoj. see dwara 2012 mein 1639-6847 kii khoj kii gaee thee. jee. tinny "aur anya."vistrit kshetra avarakt sarvekshan khojkarta (buddhiman) prithvi-parikrama upgrah-nassa avarakt-tarang dairdhya 40 semi (16 inch) antariksh doorbeen dwara ekatra kiye gaye detta seey, joe disambar 2009 seey farwari 2011 taka chalaa. 2012 mein tinny "aitt all."laas campanas vedhshala, chilly mein 6.5 meater magellan baade doorbeen parr lagey chaar sitara avarakt mozek cameray kaa upayog karke 1639-6847 key buddhiman anuvarti avalokan kiye gaye (2012 mein 10-11 (yuu. tii.)); aur mudey hue-port avarakt acalate (aag) kaa upayog karke spectroscopy bhee 6.5 meater magellan baade doorbeen (2012 julaai 10 (yuu. tii.) parr lagaai gaee. 2012 mein tinny "aitt all."khagoliya bhautik patrika mein ack pepper prakaashit kiya, jahan unhone buddhiman vaaee-type braun dwarf wies 1639-6847 (lekh mein prastut ekmatra braun dwarf khoj) dwara ack naee khoj kii prastuti keeh pepper koo 20 sitambar 2012 koo prakaashan key liye sweekaar curr liya gayaa thaa, 27 sitambar 2012 koo arxive koo prastut kiya gayaa thaa, aur navambar 2012 mein prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. bhautik guna. 1639-6847 kaa poorna parimaan "jey"-baind 22.14 ±. 02 mein haye.

buddhivantike 1639-6847 buddhivanta j163940.83 − 684738.6 (padanaamavannu buddhivanta 1639−6847, athawa W1639 endu sankshiptagolisalaagide) embudu varnapatala vargada kandu kubjavagide, idu bhoomiyinda sumaru 16 belakina varshagala dooradalliruva trikona austrail (idu ee nakshatrapunjadalli hattirada nakshatra/kandu kubjavagide) nakshatrapunjadallide. avishkara. buddhivanta 1639-6847 annu 2012 ralli sii. kanduhididaru. zii. tinny "mattu itararu."wide-feeled infrared survey explorer (buddhivanta) bhumiya-kaksheyalliruva upagraha-nassa infrared-tarangaantara 40 sem. mea. (16 inchu) bahyakasha dooradarshakadinda sangrahisalaada dattaamshadinda, idu december 2009 rinda phebravari 2011 ravarege nadeyitu. 2012 ralli tinny mattu itararu."chiliya laas campanus vikshanaalayadalli (2012ralli 10-11 (yuti)) 6.5 meater magellan baade duradarshakadalli alavadisalaada naalku starr infrared mosaic cameravannu balasikondu buddhivanta 1639-6847rahra falo-up avalokanagalannu nadeside; mattu madisida-port infrared echelet (fire) annu balasikondu spectroscopiannu 6.5 meater magellan baade duradarshakadalli (2012 julai 10randu (yuti) alavadisalaagide. 2012 ralli tinny mattu itararu."" "dhii austrophysical journal" "nalli ondu prabandhavannu prakatisidaru, allie avaru buddhivanta vaii-type braun dwarf vaiz 1639-6847 (lekhanadalli prastutapadisalaada ekaika braun dwarf avishkara) hosa aavishkaaravannu prastutapadisidaruh ee prabandhavannu 20 september 2012 randu prakatanege angeekarisalaayitu, 27 september 2012 randu aarksivge sallisalaayitu mattu november 2012 ralli prakatisalaayitu". bhautika gunalakshanagalu. buddhivantikeyinda 1639-6847 "zhe"-byaand 22.14 ± 0.22 ralli sampoorna pramaanavannu hondide.

1639-6847 bhoomiyil ninnu ekadesham 16 prakashavarsham akale thrikonaakrithiyilulla aastral nakshathrasamoohathil (eee nakshathrasamoohathile ettavum aduthulla nakshatram/thavitt kullan) sthithicheyyunna oru thavitt kullanaan visi j163940.83 − 684738.6 (peru visi 1639−6847, allengil W1639 ennu churukkipparayunnu). kandethal. 2012ll sii. aanu 1639-6847 enna vaakk kandethiyathu. jii. tinny "thudangiyava."wide feeld infrared sarway explorer (thirichariyaavunna) bhoomiye parikramanam cheiyunna upagrahamaaya naasa infrared-tharamgadairkhyamulla 40 centimeter (16 inch) bahirakasha dooradarshini shekharicha daattayil ninnu, ithu 2009 desember muthal 2011 februvari vare neenduninnu. 2012-ll tinny thudangiyavar."chiliyile laas kambanas obsarvettariyile 6.5 meter magellan baade dooradarshiniyil gadippichirikkunna phoor staar infrared mosaik camera upayogichu 1639-6847 nte thudar nireekshanangal nadatthi (2012 ll 10-11 (UT)); koodaathe 6.5 meter magellan baade dooradarshiniyil gadippichirikkunna madakkiya portt infrared echellattu (fayar) upayogichu spectroscopy (2012 juulai 10 nuu (UT)). 2012-ll tinny thudangiyavar."astrophysical jenalil" "oru prabandham prasidheekarichu, avide avar vaii-type braun dwarf vais 1639-6847 (lekhanathil avatharippicha oreyoru braun dwarf kandethal) kandethiya oru puthiya kandethal avatharippichu paper 2012 septambar 20 nuu prasidheekaranathinaayi amgeekarikkappedukayum 2012 septambar 27 nuu aarksivin samarppikkukayum 2012 novemberil prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu". bhauthika gunangal. 1639−6847 nuu "jeey"-baand 22.14 ±. 02 ll kevala theevrathayundu.

shahanpan 1639-6847 buddhivant j163940.83 − 684738.6 (naav sankshiptapane buddhivant 1639−6847, kinwa kinwa haah varnakrameey varg y0-y0.5 chaa tapkiri butka aahe, joou tribhuj austrel nakshatrat (yaa nakshatratil sarvat jawalcha taara/tapkiri butka aahe) pruthvipasoon andaje 16 prakash-varshe antaravar aahe. shodh. 2012 madhye see. yanni 1639-6847 chaa shodh lavala. jee. tinny "aanee itar."wide-feeled infrared survey explorer (shahanpanane) pruthvibhovati pradakshina ghalanara upgrah-nassa infrared-wavelength 40 semee (16 inch) space telescope, jee december 2009 teey februwari 2011 paryant chalaleli hotee, tyane gola kelelya mahitivarun. 2012 madhye tinny aanee itar."chilichya laas campanas vedhshalet (2012 madhye 10-11 (yuu. tii.)) 6.5 meater magellan baade durbinivar basavalelya chaar tarankit infrared mosack mosack vapar karoon shahanpanachi 1639-6847 chee pathpurava nirikshane kelee; aanee 6.5 meater magellan baade durbinivar basavalelya fold-poort infrared icheletcha (aag) vapar karoon spectroscopy (2012 julai 10 (yuu. tii.)). 2012 madhye tinny aanee itar."daad astrophysical jarnalmadhye eka pepper prakashit keela, jyat tyanni shahanya vaay-prakarchya tapkiri butkya buddhine 1639-6847 (lekhat sadar kelela ekmev tapkiri butkya shodh) dware shodhalelya naveen shodh sadar kelah haah pepper 20 september 2012 roji prakashanasathi swikarla gela, 27 september 2012 roji archsivekade sadar karnyat aala aanee november 2012 madhye prakashit jhaala. bhautik gunadharm. 1639-6847 chey 'jeey'-band 22.14 ±. 02 madhye paripoorn pariman aahe.

buddhiman 1639-6847 buddhiman j163940.83 aaa 684738.6 (padanamlai buddhiman 1639−6847, wa W1639 ko rupma sankshipta garieko chha) warnakramiya warga y0-y0.5 ko khairo bauna how, june prithvibata lagbhag 16 prakash-warsha tadha trikon tribhuj astrel (yo yass nakshatrama sabaibhanda najikko tara/khairo bauna how) maa awasthit chha. khoj. sann 2012 maa see dwara wise 1639-6847 patta lagaieko thiyo. zee. tinny "att all."detabata, wide-field infrared sarwekshan explorer (wise) prithvi-kakhiya upagraha-nassa infrared-tarangdairdhya 40 semi (16 inch) space telescopedwara sankalan garieko, june mission december 2009 dekhi february 2011 samma chalyo. 2012 maa tinny "att all."lass campanas vedhashala, chilly (2012 maa 10-11 (UT)) maa 6.5 mitter magellan bade telescopema mount garieko fore starr infrared mojek camera prayog garera buddhiman 1639-6847 ko falo-up awalokanharu gariyo; rar fold-port infrared akelet (fire) prayog garera spectroscopy pani 6.5 mitter magellan bade telescopema mount garieko thiyo (2012 july 10 (UT)). 2012 maa tinny "att all."astrophysical journalma euta paper prakashit bhayo, jahaan uniharule buddhiman wai-type brauna dwarf wise 1639-6847 (lekhma prastut garieko ek matra brauna dwarf khoj) dwara fela pareko nayan khoj prastut gareh paper 20 september 2012 maa prakashanka lagi swikar garieko thiyo, 27 september 2012 maa archsivema pesh garieko thiyo, rar november 2012 maa prakashit bhaeko thiyo. bhautik gunharu. buddhiman 1639-6847 ko "jey"-banned 22.14 ± 0.22 maa nirapeksha pariman chha.

buddhimana 1639-6847 waija j163940.83 − 684738.6 (padabeeku waija 1639−6847, kimba W1639 ku sankhipta karajaichi) heuchhi spectral class y0-y0.5 rahr eka badami bammon, jaahaa tribhuja astrelia (ehaa ehi nakhyatramandalare nikattam taaraa/badami bammon) nakhyatramandalare abasthita, pruthibeetharu praiah 16 aloka barsha doorare . abishkara. waija 1639-6847 2012 ray sii dwara aabiskruta hoithila . jii. tinny "ebong anyamane."wide-field infrared sarbhe explorer (waija) pruthibee-kakhyapath upgraha-nassa infrared-tarangadairghya 40 shay. mea. (16 inch) spaces telescope dwara sangruhita tathyaru, jaahaa december 2009 ru februari 2011 parjyanta chalithila . 2012ray tinny "ebong anyamane."chilira lasses campanas abajarabhetoreere 6.5 mea. magelan baade telescopere sthapita chaari tarka infrared mosaic camera byabahara curry 1639-6847rahr parabarti parjyabekhyana karajaithila (2012ray 10-11 (UT) hoipare); ebong 6.5 mea. magelan baade telescopere (2012 july 10 (UT) ray) madhya folded-port infrared ekeleta (agni) byabahara curry spectroscopy karajaithila. 2012ray tinny "ebong anyamane."" "astrophysical journal" "ray eka pepara prakash karithile, jeunthare semane waija wai-type braun dwarf waija 1639-6847 (ekamatra braun dwarf abishkara, nibandhare upasthapita) dwara eka nutan abishkara upasthapana karithileh kagajati 20 september 2012 ray prakashan paain grahan karajaithila, 27 september 2012 ray aarksibh nikatare dakhal karajaithila, ebong navember 2012 ray prakashita hoithila . bhautika guna. 1639-6847 rahr "jay"-banned <aai. dii. 1> ±. 02 ray param parimana achhi.

budhiman 1639-6847 budhiman j163940.83 − 684738.6 (naam sankhep witch budhiman 1639−6847, jaan W1639) spectral class y0-y0.5 daa ikk bhura bauna haii, joe dharti toon lagbhag 16 parkash-saal door tikonh tribhuj australia (ih iss taara-mandal witch sabh toon nazdiki taara/bhura bauna haii) witch sathit haii. khoj. siaane 1639-6847 dee khoj 2012 witch see duaara keeti gaee see. jee. tinny "atey horr."viaapak-khetar infrared sarvekhan khojkarta (budhiman) dharti-chakkar lagaun vaale upgrah-naasa infrared-tarang lambai 40 centimeter (16 inch) pulad durbin duaara ikattar keete gaye ankadiaan toon, joe dasambar 2009 toon farvari 2011 takk challiaa. 2012 witch tinny atey horr."laas campanas observatory, chilly (2012 witch 10-11 (UT)) vikhe 6.5 meeter magellan baade durbin utte mount keete gaye chaar taara infrared mozek cameray dee varton kardiaan budhiman 1639-6847 dey falo-upp nirikhan keete gaye; atey fold-port infrared achelet (agg) dee varton kardiaan spectroscopy vee 6.5 meeter magellan baade durbin (2012 julai 10 (UT)) utte mount keeti gaee. 2012 witch tinny atey horr."khagol-bhautik journal witch ikk paper prakashit keeta, jitthe unhan neey siaane vaaee-kisam dey bhure baune buddhe 1639-6847 (lekh witch pesh keeti gaee ikko ikk bhure baune dee khoj) duaara labbhi gaee ikk naveen khoj pesh kitia paper noon 20 satambar 2012 noon prakashat curran laee savikar qarr liaa giaa see, 27 satambar 2012 noon archessive noon pesh keeta giaa see, atey navambar 2012 witch prakashit keeta giaa see. bhautik visheshtavan. 1639-6847 daa sampuran pariman "jey"-baind 22.14 ±. 02 witch haii.

gyaanam 1639-6847 vise j163940.83-684738.6 (padanama vise 1639-6847, athavaa doubleu1639 iti sankshepena asti) varnakrameeyavargasya ekaha godhoomawarfah asti, yah tribhuja-austrail-nakshatramandale (asmin nakshatramandale sameepastham nakshatram/godhoomawarfah) bhoomyaah praayah 16 prakaashavarshe sthitah asti. aavishkaarah. 2012 tame varshe sii ityanena 1639-6847 iti vivekee-aavishkaarah krutah. jii. tinny "ityaadi."vistrutakshetrasya infrared sarvekshana-anweshakah (vivekee) bhoo-parikramana-upagrah-nassa infrared-tarangadairdhyah 40 se. mee. (16 inch) antariksha-dooradarshakah, dattamshaat sangruhayat, yat 2009 december-masat 2011 februvari-maasaparyantam yaavat aasit. 2012 tame varshe tinny "ett all" iti."chilly-nagarasya laas-kampanas-vedhashalayam (2012 tame varshe 10-11 (UT) iti namna api prayuktah 6.5 mee. myaagelan-bede-dooradarshike sthaapitam fore-starr infrared-mojek-kyamara ityasya upayogena 1639-6847 iti jnaataa-varnasya anuvartee-nirikshanam krutam; tathaa cha 6.5 mee. myaagelan-bede-dooradarshake (2012 julai 10 (UT)) sthaapitam fold-port-infrared-ekellet (agni) ityasya upayogena spectroscopy api krutam. 2012 tame varshe tinny "ett all" iti."da astrophysical journal" madhye ekam shodhapatram prakaashitam, yatra te vaij-tapp braun-dwarf-vise 1639-6847 (lekhe prastutah ekamaatrah braun-dwarf-aavishkaarah) ityanena nutanasya aavishkaaram prastuteeh, 20 september 2012 dinaanke prakashanartham sweekrutah, 27 september 2012 dinaanke aarksiv-ityatra samarpitah, 2012 november-maase prakaashitah. bhautikagunavisheshaah. 1639-6847 iti "jey"-bend <aii. dii. 1> ±. 02 madhye nirapeksham parimanam vartate.

gnaanam 1639-6847 gnaanam j163940.83 − 684738.6 (peyar gnaanam 1639−6847, allathu W1639 endru surukkamaaga azhaikkappadukirathu) enbathu poomiyilirunthu sumar 16 olii aandugal tholaivil ulla mukkoana australian vinmeen kuzhuvil (idhu inththa vinmeen kuzhuvil arugilulla natchatthiram/paluppu kullan) amainthulla niramaalai vaguppin paluppu kullan aagum. kandupidippu. 1639-6847 enbathu 2012 aam aandil chii. aall kandupidikkappattathu. jii. dinny mattrum palar."parantha pula agachchivappu aaivu aaivaalar (vaariyaaga) poomiyaich suttri varum seyarkaikkoal-naasaa agachchivappu-alaineelam 40 semee (16 angkulam) vinveli tholainoakki moolam sekarikkappatta tharavukalilirunthu, idhu disambar 2009 muthal pipravari 2011 varai neediththathu. 2012 ill dinny mattrum palar."siilii, losses kembanasu vaankaanagaththil (2012 ill 10-11 (UT)) 6.5 meettar magellan paet tholainoakkiyil porutthappatta naanku natchatthira agachchivappu mosaik kaemaraavaip payanpaduththi 1639-6847 gnaanaththin pinthodarthal avathaanippukalai maerkondathu; maelum madikkapatta-poart agachchivappu esselate (thee) payanpaduththi spectroscopy 6.5 meettar magellan paet tholainoakkiyilum (2012 juulai 10 (UT)) poruththappattathu. 2012 ill dinny mattrum palar."vaaniyarpiyal idhazhil oru katturaiyai veliyittanar, angku avarkal puththisaalithanamaana oy-vagai paluppu kullan gnaanam 1639-6847 (oray paluppu kullan kandupidippu, katturaiyil vazhangkappattathu) moolam kandupidikappatta oru puthiya kandupidippai munvaittanar inththa katturai 20 septumber 2012 andru veliyeettirku aetrtrukkollappattathu, 27 septumber 2012 andru orxive-kku samarppikkappattathu, navambar 2012 ill veliyidappattathu. iyarpiyal panbugal. 1639−6847 enbathu "jay"-paent 22.14 ± 0.22 ill muzhumaiyaana alavaik kondullathu.

telivaina 1639-6847 telivaina j163940.83 − 684738.6 (paeru telivaina 1639−6847, ledhaa W1639 gaa sankshipteekarinchabadindi) anedi varnapata taragati y0-y0.5 yokka godhuma marugujju, idhi tribhujaakaara australe (eee nakshatraraashilo idhi sameepa nakshatram/godhuma marugujju) loe undhi, idhi bhoomi nundi sumaru 16 kaanti samvatsaraala dhooramlo undhi. aavishkarana. 1639-6847 nuu 2012loe c kanugonnaru. zii. tinny "mariyu itarulu."wide-feeled infrared survey explorer (telivaina) bhoomi kakshyalo unna upagraham-nassa infrared-tarangadairghyam 40 sem. mea. (16 angulaalu) antariksha telescope dwara sekarinchina dayta nundi, idhi mission december 2009 nundi fibravari 2011 varaku konasaagindi. 2012loe tinny mariyu itarulu."chileelooni laas campanas observatory vadda 6.5 meterla magellan baade telescope meeda amarchina naalugu nakshatraala paraaruna mosaic cameranu upayoginchi 1639-6847 telivaina tadupari pariseelanalu jarigaayi (2012loe 10-11 (UT)); mariyu madata-port paraaruna echelet (fair) upayoginchi spectroscopy kooda 6.5 meterla magellan baade telescope (2012 juulai 10 (UT)) paie amarchabadindi. 2012loe tinny mariyu itarulu."" "khagola bhouthika patrika" "loe oka kaagitaanni prachurinchaaru, akkada vaaru telivaina vai-rakam godhuma marugujju telivaina 1639-6847 (vyaasamlo samarpinchina ekaika godhuma marugujju aavishkarana) kanugonna kotta aavishkarananu samarpinchaaruh eee kaagitam 20 september 2012naa prachuranaku aamodinchabadindi, 27 september 2012naa aarksivku samarpinchabadindi mariyu november 2012loe prachurinchabadindi". bhouthika lakshanaalu. 1639-6847 "zhe"-byaand 22.14 ± 0.22 loe sampoorna parimaanaanni kaligi untundi.

danishmandana 1639-6847 wize j163940.83 − 684738.6 (ahdah wize 1639−6847yee yaa W1639 kay liye mukhtasir hay) spectral klaas y0-y0.5 kaa eek bhuri bonay rung kaa hay juu kahh zameen say taqriba 16 roshni saal kay fasilay parr barj maslas austraily (yaha iss barj mein qareeb tareen satarah/bhuri bonay hay) mein waaqa hay. driyafat. wize 1639-6847 kuu 2012 mein see kay zariah driyafat kiyaa gayaa thaa. jee. tunny "aur deegar."ddita say juu wasee feld infrared sarway explorer (wize) zameen kay gird chakar laganay waalay satellite-naasa infrared-tool moj 40 centy metter (16 inch) khalayi dorbeen kay zariah jamaa kiyaa gayaa thaa juu dasambar 2009 say faroori 2011 takk jaari rehaa. 2012 mein tunny aur deegar."laas campana rasad gaah chalee (2012 mein 10-11 (UT) how saktaa hay) mein 6.5 metter megilan beedd dorbeen parr nasb chaar satarah infrared mozeek kimray kaa istemaal kartay hoay danishmandana 1639-6847 kay faalo app mashahidat anjaam diye vovo aur folded port infrared acclet (fayer) kaa istemaal kartay hoay spectroscopy bhee 6.5 metter megilan beedd dorbeen (2012 jolayi 10 (UT)) parr nasb kii gayee. 2012 mein tunny aur deegar."" "dee estro physical journal" "mein eek maqalah shaye kiyaa jehaan inhon nay wize waayi-type brown duarf wize 1639-6847 (waahid brown duarf daryafat mazmun mein paish kii gayee) kii driyafat kii paish kash kii: maqalah 20 satambar 2012 kuu ashaat kay liye qabool kiyaa gayaa 27 satambar 2012 kuu archesio kuu paish kiyaa gayaa aur nomber 2012 mein shaye hawaa. jasmani khususiyat. 1639-6847 kii mutliq shadat "jay"-bend 22.14 ± 0.02 mein hay.

fffd5b0f1afe89456b53ef52829b7c80dea6945244b5f8c10b706ccc737dab5b

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13206653

Brainpower (song)

Brainpower (song) "Brainpower" is a song by the synthpop band Freezepop. It is the sixth track on the non limited edition of the band's third album, "Future Future Future Perfect", and seventh on the limited edition of the album. The song appears as a bonus track in the music video game "Rock Band". According to Liz Enthusiasm, the song is a true story, and is based on a time she became drunk and decided that "Brainpower" would be a good idea for a band name, only to then change her mind. According to Sean T. Drinkwater, there is allegedly an allegory in the song. The music video for the song was directed by Mega64 and posted on YouTube on March 4, 2008. In it, the band performs the song live on a low-budget cable show while a young viewer (portrayed by Frank Howley) uses a special remote to alter the reality of the performance on his TV.

mostisko xokti (geet) "brainpawar" hoise sinthopop bendo freezopor etaa geet. eitu bendor tritiyo elbamor nono-limited xongoskoronor xostho trekk, "bhobisyot bhobisyot nikhut", aaru elbamtur ximito xongoskoronor xoptom. ei gittu music video 'gaim "rok bendo" too etaa bunas trekk hisape dekha yaay. lijor utxah onuxori, gittu etaa xosa kahini, aaru teu matal hoi poraa xomoyor uporot aadharito aaru xiddhanto loisil je "mostisko xokti" etaa bendor naamor baabe etaa bhaal dharona hoh 'bob, tetiyahe teur monn xoloni hoh' bob. swen ti-ror mote. paniyo jolo, gittut etaa rupok aase buli obhijug aase. gittur music video 'megaa64-ror dwara porisalito hoisil aaru 2008 sonor 4 marchot utubot prokax koraa hoisil. iyat bende komm bajetor kebol swo' too gittu live poriwexon kore aanhate ejon juwo dorxok (frank hauler dwara sitrito)-e teur tibhit prodorxonor bastobota xoloni koriboloi etaa bixex rim 'tot byobohar kore.

mostishker shakti (gaan) "brainpower" holl synthopop banned freezepoper ekti gaan. etty bander tritiya albumer nonn-limited sangaskaraner shostho gaan, "bhabishyater bhabishyat nikhunt" ebong albumer seemit sangaskaraner saptam gaan. ganti music vdo gema "rock banned"-ayee ekti bonus track hisabe uposthito hoy. liz utsaho onusare, ganti ekti satya golpo, ebong etty emon ekti somoyer upor vitti korey toiri koraa hoyeche jokhon tini matal hoye giechilen ebong siddhanta niyechilen jey ekti banned naamer jonno "brain pawar" ekti vall dharona hobey, cable tokhonyi taar monn poriborton hobey. seena tii-err motey. panian joll, gaane ekti roopok royeche boley abhijog royeche. gantir music vdo mega64 dwara porichalito hoyechilo ebong 4thhaa march, 2008-ayee utube poosta koraa hoyechilo. etey, bandti ekti swalpo bajeter cable shote ganti sarasari poribeshon korey, jekhane ekjon torun dorshok (franc hauli dwara chitrito) taar tivite poribeshoner bastobota poriborton korte ekti bishesh remot byabohar korey.

magaj shaktee (geet) "brain power" aee synthpope benned freezepopnu geet chhe. teey bendnaa trija album, "future future perfect" nee none limited edition parr chhaththi track chhe aneey aalbamni limited edition parr saatmee track chhe. aaa geet music videeyo game "roqa benned" maan bonus track tareeke dekhaay chhe. liz utsaah anusaar, aaa geet aek saachee vaarta chhe, aneey teey teey samay parr aadharit chhe jyaare tenee nashaama hatee aneey nakki karyoo hatoo keey "brain power" benned naam maate saaro vichaar hashe, pachhi jaj teneenu munn badalashe. seena tii. anusaar. pivaanu paanee, gitamaa katheet reete aek roopak chhe. geet maateno music videeyo megaa64 dwara nirdeshit karvaamaa aavyo hato aneey 4 march, 2008naa roj yutyub parr poosta karvaamaa aavyo hato. temaa, benned ochha bajetnaa cable shho parr geet jivant karey chhe jyaare aek yuvan darshak (frank hauli dwara chitrit) tenaa tivi parr pradarshanni vaastivaktaane badalvaa maate aek vishesh remotno upyog karey chhe.

mastishk shakti (geet) "brain power" synthpop baind freezpop kaa ack geet haye. yeh baind key teesare album key gair-seemit sanskaran parr chhathaa track haye, "bhavishya kaa bhavishya sahee", aur album key seemit sanskaran parr satwan. yeh geet sangeet video game "rock baind" mein ack bonus track key roop mein dikhaai detaa haye. liz utsaah key anusaar, yeh geet ack sachchi kahani haye, aur usa samay parr adharit haye jaba vaha nashe mein dhut hoe gaee thee aur usane faisala kiya thaa kii "mastishk shakti" ack baind naam key liye ack achchha vichaar hoga, kewal taba uska munn badal jaayega. seane tii key anusaar. paani peene key liye, geet mein kathit taur parr ack roopak haye. geet key liye sangeet video video dwara nirdeshit kiya gayaa thaa aur 4 march, 2008 koo youtube parr post kiya gayaa thaa. isamen, baind cumm bajat key cable show parr geet kaa seedha pradarshan kartaa haye, jabaki ack yuva darshak (frank haule dwara chitrit) apane tv parr pradarshan kii vaastaviktaa koo badalane key liye ack vishesh remot kaa upayog kartaa haye.

medulina shakti (haadu) "brain power" embudu synthpop byaand freezepapna ondu haadu. idu bandna moorane albumna simitavallada aavruttiya aarane haadu, "bhavishyada bhavishyada paripurna", mattu albumna seemita aavruttiyalli elaneyadu. ee haadu music video game "rock byaand" nalli bonus track aagi kaanisikolluttade. liz utsaahada prakara, ee haadu ondu naija katheyaagide, mattu avalu kudidu hoda samayavannu aadhariside mattu byaand hesarige "medulina shakti" uttama upaayavaagide endu nirdhariside, aaga maatra avala manassannu badalaayisuttade. saine tii. paneeya neeru, haadinalli ondu roopakavide endu aaropisalaagide. haadina sangeeta veediyovannu veediyovannu nirdeshisitu mattu march 4,2008 randu yootyubnalli post maadalaayitu. adaralli, byaand kadime-budget cable shonalli haadannu neraprasara maaduttade, yuva vikshakaru (fraank houli chithrisida) vishesha remot annu balasuttaare.

masthishkashakthi (gaanam) "synthpop baandaaya freesepoppinte oru gaanamaan "braine power". baandinte moonnaamathe aalbathinte noonn limittad pathippile aaraamathe trackaya "future future perfect", aalbathinte limittad pathippile ezhaamathe trackanith. music viidiyoo geyim "roock baand" ll oru bonus trackayi eee gaanam prathyakshappedunnu. liss avesham anusarichu, eee gaanam oru yadhaartha kathayaanu, aval madyapichirunna oru kaalathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu, oru baand naamathinu "braine power" oru nalla aashayamaakumenn theerumaanichu, appol maathrame avalude manass maarukayulloo. seane tii. kudivellam, paattil oru upamayundennu aaropikkappedunnu. mega64 samvidaanam cheytha eee gaanatthinte music viidiyoo 2008 march 4nuu yootyoobil poost cheythu. athil, oru yuva kaazhchakkaaran (frank hauli chithreekaricha) thante tvyile prakadanatthinte yaadhaarthyathe mattimarikkaan oru prathyeka remot upayogikkumbol, baand oru kuranja bajatt cable shoyil thalsamayam gaanam avatharippikkunnu.

menduchi shakti (gaane) "brainpower' heey synthpop band freezpopche eka gaane aahe. bandchya tisya albumchya bigger maryadit aavruttivaril heey sahave gaane aahe, "bhavishyatil bhavishyatil paripoorn" aanee albumchya maryadit aavruttivaril satve gaane aahe. sangeet video game 'rock band' madhye heey gaane bonus track mhanoon disate. lizchya utsahanusar, heey gaane eka kharee katha aahe aanee tee daruchya nashet asatana aanee bandchya navasathi 'brainpower' hii eka changli kalpana asel asey tharavalelya velevar aadharit aahe, tyanantarach tiche munn badalel. seane tii. chya matey. pinyachya panyamadhye, yaa ganyat eka roopak asalyacha aarop aahe. mega64neey yaa ganyacha sangeet video digdarshit keela hota aanee 4 march 2008 roji yootyubavar poost keela hota. tyat, band qamee kharchachya kebal shover gaane thet sadar karato tarr eka tarun prekshak (phrank hollyne chitrit kelele) tyachya tvvaril sadarikaranache vastav badalanyasathi eka vishesh remot vaparato.

mastishka shakti (geet) "brain pawar" synthapap banned freezepapko geet how. yo bandko tesro albumko gaira-simit sanskaranko chhaitaun track how, "bhawishyako bhawishyako uttam", rar albumko simit sanskaranma sataun. yo geet music bhidiyo game "ruck banned" maa bonus tracko rupma dekha pardachha. lijko utsahanusar, yo geet euta saancho katha how, rar uni raksi piera banned namka lagi "brain pawar" ramro vichar hunechha bhanne nirnaya gareko samayama adharit chha, tyasapachhi matra unko munn pariwartan hunchha. sayne tea anusar. piune pani, gitma kathit rupma euta rupak chha. gitko music bhidiyo bhidiyo ley nirdeshan gareko thiyo rar 4 march 2008 maa yutyubma post garieko thiyo. yasama bandley cum bajetko kebal karyakramma geet pratyaksha pradarshan gardacha jabki ek yuwa darshak (frank haulidwara chitrit) ley afno tibhima pradarshanko wastawikta pariwartan garna vishesh remott prayog gardacha.

mastishka shakti (geeta) "brain pawara" heuchhi synthpop banned freezep rahr eka geeta . ehaa bander truteeja albummer anah-seemita sanskaranara shastha track, "bhabisyata bhabisyata sampurna", ebong albummer seemita sanskaranare saptama . ehi geetati music bhidio game "rock banned" ray eka bonus track bhabare dekhajaithae . liz utsaha anujai, ehi geetati eka satya kahani, ebong ehaa sehi samai upare aadharita jetebele shay madyapana karithile ebong nishpatti neithile je eka banned naama paain "brain pawar" eka bhal dharana heba, kebala taa 'parey taanka munn paribartana karibaku . sinh tii. nka anujai. paniah jala, geetare eka rupaka thiba abhijoga hoichhi . ehi geeta paain music bhidio mega64 dwara nirdeshita hoithila ebong march 4,2008 ray jutyubare post karajaithila . ethire, banned eka swalpa budget kebul shore geetaku live pradarshan kare jetebele jane juba darshaka (phranka haolinka dwara chitrita) taanka tibhire pradarshanara bastabataku badalaiba paain eka swatantra remot byabahara karanti .

dimag dee shakti (geet) "brain pawar" synthpop baind freezpop daa ikk geet haii. ih baind dee tiji album dey gair-seemat sanskaran daa chhevan track haii, "bhavikh daa bhavikh sampuran", atey album dey seemat sanskaran daa sattvan track haii. ih geet sangeet vdo game "raak baind" witch ikk bones track vajon dikhai dinda haii. lease dey utshah dey anusar, ih geet ikk sacchi kahani haii, atey uss samein 'teey adharat haii jadon uh sharabi hoow gaee see atey faisla keeta see kii "dimag dee shakti" ikk baind dey naam laee ikk changa vichaar hovega, taan hii uss daa munn badal sakda haii. seen tii dey anusar. peenn vaala paanee, geet witch kathit taur utte ikk roopak haii. geet daa sangeet vdo maiga64 duaara nirdeshit keeta giaa see atey 4 march, 2008 noon yootioob utte post keeta giaa see. iss witch, baind ikk ghatt buzzet vaale cable shoa utte geet daa siddha pardarshan karda haii jadon kii ikk naujwan darshak (frank hauli duaara darsaiaa giaa) aapne teevi utte pardarshan dee asliat noon badlan laee ikk vishesh remot dee varton karda haii.

mastishkashaktih (geetam) "bren-power" iti sinthpaap-bend-freezpaap ityasya geetam asti. bend ityasya truteeye aalbam ityasya seemita-rahita-samskaranasya shashtam geetam, "bhavishyasya bhavishyasya paripoornam", tathaa cha aalbam ityasya seemita-samskaranasya saptama geetam asti. raak-bend" iti sangeeta-veediyo-kridaayaam etat geetam bonus-gitarupena drushyate. liz-utsahasya anusaaram, etat geetam satyakatha asti, tathaa cha saa madyapitaa abhavat, tathaa cha "bren-power" iti vaadyavrundasya namasya krute uttamah upaayah bhavishyati iti nishchitavatee, tatah eva tasyaah manam parivartyate. seen tea ityasya mate. peyajalam iti gitasya ekam roopakam asti iti kathyate. mega64 ityanena nirdeshitam gitasya sangeeta-drushya-chitram 2008 maarch 4 dinaanke youtube-madhye prakaashitam aasit. yasmin alpa-vyaya-kebal-sho ityasmin sangeeta-samoohah tatt geetam pratyaksham pradarshayati, yadaa kii ekaha yuva-darshakah (frank-hawley ityanena chitritah) swasya dooradarshanasy pradarshanasy vaastavikataam parivartayitum vishesha-durastha-saadhanam upayujyate.

moolaiththiran (paadal) "moolaiththiran" enbathu freezbab endra sindbab isaikkuzhuvin oru paadal aagum. idhu isaikkuzhuvin moontraavathu aalpaththin varaiyarukkappadaatha pathippil aaraavathu paadalaagum, "ethirkaala ethirkaala sariyaanathu", mattrum aalpaththin varaiyarukappatta pathippil aezhaavathu paadalaagum. inththa paadal music veediyoa came "raak paent" ill phones trackagath thoandrugirathu. liss urchaakaththin puddy, inththa paadal oru unmaiyana kadhai, maelum avar kudipoathaiyil irunththa oru neraththai adippadaiyaagak kondadhu, maelum oru isaikkuzhuvin peyarukku "moolaiththiran" oru nalla yoasanaiyaaka irukkum endru mudivu seithathu, appoathuthaan avarathu manathai maattrum. chiin dii. paana neer, paadalil oru uruvagam iruppathaagak koorappadugiradhu. inthap paadalin isai veediyoavai mega64 iyakki, maarch 4,2008 andru yoodiyoopil veliyittathu. athil, isaikkuzhu kuraindha budjet cable nigazhchchiyil paadalai neralaiyil nigazhththukirathu, athae neraththil oru ilam paarvaiyaalar (frank havli sittharikkiraar) thanathu tholaikaatchiyil nigazhchchiyin yathaarththaththai maattra oru sirappu remotype payanpaduththukiraar.

medadu shakti (paata) "brain power" anedi synthpop byaand freezpop paata. idhi byaand yokka moodava album yokka parimita kaani edition, "future future perfect" loe aarava paata, mariyu album yokka parimita editionloo edava paata. eee paata music veediyo game "rock byaand" loe bonus track gaa kanipistundi. liz utsaaham prakaram, eee paata nijamaina katha, mariyu aame tagubotulo undi, byaand paeruku "medadu shakti" manchi aalochana anie nirnayinchukunna samayam aadhaaramgaa roopondinchabadindi, appudu matrame aame manasu maarchukuntundi. saine tii prakaram. taaguneeru, eee paatalo oka upamaanam undani aaropinchabadindi. eee paataku sangeeta veediyo veediyo darsakatvam vahinchi marchi 4,2008naa yootyooblo post cheyabadindi. indulo, byaand takkuva budget cable sholo patanu pratyakshamgaa pradarsistundi, ayithe oka yuva veekshakudu (fraank houli chithreekarinchina) thana tvlo pradarsana yokka vaastavikatanu maarchadaaniki pratyeka remotnu upayogistaadu.

dimaghi taaqat (gaana) "brain pawar" santh paap bend freez paap kaa eek gaana hay. yaha bend kay teesre album kay naan lameted edition kaa chhataa track hay "mustaqabil kaa mustaqabil kaamil"yee aur album kay mahdud edition kaa saatwaan track hay. yaha gaana music video gaim "raak bend" mein bonas track kay toor parr zahir hotaa hay. lease kay josh woo kharoosh kay mutabiq yaha gaana eek sachee kahaani hay aur iss waqat parr mubni hay jabb wah nashay mein aaa gayee thee aur iss nay faislah kiyaa thaa kahh "brain pawar" bend kay naam kay liye eek achhaa khayaal hogaa tubb hyee iss kaa zahan badal jaaye gaa. seen tye kay mutabiq. pinay kaa paanee gaaney mein mubinah toor parr eek isteyarah hay. gaaney kay music video kii hidayat kaaree meega 64 nay kii thee aur asay 4 maarch 2008 kuu utiob parr post kiyaa gayaa thaa. iss mein bend kumm bujjet kay cable show parr gaana braah raast paish kartaa hay jabkah eek naujawan nazireen (frank hawli kay zariye paish kardah) apnay tye wee parr performans kii haqeeqat kuu tabdil karnay kay liye eek khususi remot kaa istemaal kartaa hay.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=71985069

Ocellularia gueidaniana

Ocellularia gueidaniana Species of lichen Ocellularia gueidaniana is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Singapore, it was formally described as a new species in 2015 by Gothamie Weerakoon and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected by the first author at a low elevation in the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. It is only known to occur at the type locality. The species epithet honours lichenologist Cécile Gueidan. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

oh "cellularia guadianana oh "cellularia guidaniana hoise graphidacy poriyalor cortic 'laas (baakol-baax) laikenor etaa projati. 2015 sonot gathamai werakun aaru robert looking-e anusthanikbhabe iyak notun projati hisape bornona korisil. prothom lekhokjone bookit timah prokriti xongrokhito oncholot komm uschotat ei prokaror nomuna xongroho korisil. eitu kewol prokaror sthanothe xonghotit hoy buli jonaa yaay. ei projatir bixexone laiken "lo 'jisto sesail guaidanok xonman jonay.

cellularia guadianana cellularia guidaniana holl graphaidesi poribarer corticolus (chhaal-bosobaskari) likener ekti prajati. singapure pawa, etty anusthanikbhabe 2015 saale gathami uirakun ebong robbert looking dwara ekti notun prajati hisabe bornona koraa hoyechilo. prothom lekhok bukito timah prakritik sanrakkhanagarer ekti nimno uchchotai eyi dharaner namuna sangraha korechilen. etty shudhumatra type elaka ghote boley jaanaa yaay. prajati biseshonti lycanologist cessil guedanke somman korey.

oscellularia guidania oscellularia guidania aee graphidacy kutumbamaa courticolus (chhaal-nivas) likenni aek prajaati chhe. singaporma jovaa malatee, tene 2015maan gothaami veerakoon aneey roobert looking dwara aupcharik reete navee prajaati tareeke varnavama aavee hatee. aaa prakaarno namoono pratham lekhak dwara bukeet timah nature reservema neechi unchaiae aektrit karvaamaa aavyo hato. teey maatra prakaarnaa vistaarmaa jaj thaay chhe. prajaati upnaam lycanologist cessil guadenne sanmanit karey chhe.

cellularia guedena cellularia guadeniana, graphidacy parivaar mein corticolus (chhaal-nivaas) lycane kii ack prajaati haye. singapur mein paae jaane vaale, ise aupchaarik roop seey 2015 mein gothami veerakoon aur robert looking dwara ack naee prajaati key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa. iss prakaar kaa namuna pahale lekhak dwara bukit timah prakriti aarakshit kshetra mein cumm oonchaai parr ekatra kiya gayaa thaa. yeh kewal usa prakaar key ilaake mein honey key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. prajaati kaa upnaam lycanologist cecil guedden koo sammaanit kartaa haye.

ocellularia guidainiana osselularia guidainiana embudu graphidacy kutumbadalli carticolus (togate-vasisuva) kalluhoovina ondu jatiyagide. singapuradalli kandubaruva idannu 2015ralli gothami veerakoon mattu robbert looking avaru hosa prabhedavendu oupachaarikavaagi vivarisiddaare. ee maadariyannu modala lekhakaru bookit tima prakruti meesalu aranyadalli kadime ettaradalli sangrahisidaru. idu aaa reetiya pradeshadalli maatra sambhavisuttade endu tilidubandide. ee prabhedada birudu kalluhoovushaastragna cecil guiden avarannu gouravisuttade.

osellulaariya gwaidayaniya graphidasy kudumbatthile corticolus (puramtholi-vaasam) lycan inamaanu osellulaariya gwaidaniana. singappooril kandethiya ithine 2015 ll gotami veeraakkoonum roobert looking oru puthiya inamaayi audyogikamaayi visheshippichu. bukit thima prakrithi samrakshana kendratthile thaazhnna uyarathilaanu aadya rachayithaav eee tharam maathruka shekharichathu. ithu type lokkeshanil maathrame sambhavikkunnulloo. lyconologist sesile guidane eee speeshees namakaranam aadarikkunnu.

auselularia guidania auselularia guidania hii griffidacy kutumbatil corticolus (saal-nivas) likenchi eka prajati aahe. singapurmadhye sapadalelya yaa prajatiche aupcharik varnan gothami veerakoon aanee robbert looking yanni 2015 madhye naveen prajati mhanoon kele hote. yaa prakaracha namuna pahilya lekhakane bukit timah nisarg rakheev pradeshatil qamee unchivar gola keela hota. heey fakt prakarachya parisarat ghadate asey dnyat aahe. prajatiche heey visheshan lycanologist cecil guidancha sanman karate.

ocelularia guidaniana ocelularia guidaniana cardicolus (chhalama basne) laikenko ek prajati how june graphidacy pariwarma painchha. singapurma fela pareko, yasalai aupacharik rupma 2015 maa gothami virakun rar robert lukingle nayan prajatiko rupma warnan gareka thie. yo prakarko namuna pahilo lekhakdwara bukit timah prakriti arakshako cum uchaima sankalan garieko thiyo. yo matra prakarko ilakama hune thaha chha. prajati upadhi lycanologist cecil guidanlai samman gardacha.

ocellularia guidaniana ocellularia guidaniana heuchhi graphidesi paribarara corticols (chhaal-baasa) likener eka prajati . singapurare milithiba ehi prajatiku 2015 masihare gothami weerakuna ebong robert lukinga aanusthanika bhabe eka nutan prajati bhabe barnana karithile. pratham lekhakanka dwara bukit timah prakruti sanrakhyanagarara eka nimna uchchatare ehi prakarara namuna sangraha karajaithila. ehaa kebala prakara anchalare ghatithae bolly janaa . ehi prajati biseshana lycanologist sisil guidannku sammana kare .

ocelluleria guadeniana ocelluliria guadeniana graphidesi parivaar witch corticols (sakk-nivas) lycane dee ikk prajati haii. singapur witch labbhi gaee, iss noon rasmi taur utte 2015 witch gothami virakoon atey robbert looking duaara ikk naveen prajati vajon darsaiaa giaa see. iss kisam daa namuna pahile lekhak duaara bookit timah kudrat reserve witch ghatt uchaee 'teey ikattar keeta giaa see. ih siraf kisam dey sathaan utte vaparan laee janhiaa jaanda haii. prajati daa visheshan lycanologist cecil gueden noon sanmanit karda haii.

osselularia guidaniana osselularia guidaniana iti graphidacy-kulasya carticolus (chhaala-nivaasah) laiken ityasya ekaha prajaatih asti. singaapur-nagare praaptam, 2015 tame varshe gothami veerakoon tathaa rabert looking ityetabhyam nootanajaatih iti aupachaarikaroopena varnitam. prakarasya namunaa prathamalekhaken bukit-timaah-prakruti-aarakshane nyoon-oordhvataayaam sangruhitah aasit. etat kevalam prakaar-kshetre eva bhavati iti dnyaayate. prajaati-upadhi lacanologist sesail guidan ityasya sammanam karoti.

osellulaariyaa quidaniana osellulaariyaa quidaniana enbathu graphydacy kudumbaththaich saerntha cardicolus (pattai-vasippavar) liken oru inamaagum. singappooril kandupidikappatta idhu, 2015 aam aandil gotami veeragoon mattrum robbert looking aakiyoaraal oru puthiya inamaaga muraiyaaga vivarikkappattathu. inththa vagai maathiri muthal ezhuththaalaraal bookit tima iyarkai kaappagaththil kuraindha uyaraththil sekarikkappattathu. idhu vagai paguthiyil mattumae nigazhkirathu endru ariyappadugirathu. inththa inap peyar lyconologist sessile quidanai gowravikkum.

ocellularia guidainiana ocellularia guidainiana anedi graphidesi kutumbaaniki chendina carticolus (beradu-nivaasa) liken yokka oka jaathi. singapurlo kanugonabadina dheenini 2015loe gothami veerakoon mariyu robbert looking adhikarikamga kotta jaatigaa abhivarninchaaru. eee rakam namuunaanu modati rachayita bukit tima prakruti abhayaaranyamlo takkuva ettulo sekarinchaaru. idhi rakam praantamloo matrame sambhavistundani telisindi. eee jaathi visaeshanham lycanologist sessil guidannu gouravistundi.

ocelolaria govideniana ocelolaria gadiniana grifedesi khaandaan mein corticolus (chhaal mein rehney waalay) lycan kii eek nooa hay. sangapur mein paaye jaanay waalay iss kuu 2015 mein gothami virakon aur raabart lucking nay bazabtah toor parr eek nayee nooa kay toor parr biyaan kiyaa thaa. iss qasm kaa namunah pehley masnaf nay bakit timah qadarti zakhayer mein kumm bulandi parr jamaa kiyaa thaa. yaha sarf iss qasm kay elaqay mein honay kay liye jaana jaataa hay. parjatiyon kaa laqab lychenologist seesil govedan kaa aizaz deeta hay.

fffd6a50f0e54a97807d1c35d469f5ca56e712734f2b9ee99ac5d1e5a5532087

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19783513

Raimundo Aguilera

Raimundo Aguilera Paraguayan footballer (born 1949) Raimundo Aguilera Solís (born 7 January 1949) is a retired football goalkeeper from Paraguay. He was a very skilled player, known for his agility and ball-handling, which helped him achieve the record of not conceding a goal in 1000 minutes twice during his career. Aguilera was known as the "Arquero de América" (goalkeeper of America). Career. Aguilera started his career in the youth divisions of Club Guaraní and eventually made it to the first team in 1965 after starting goalkeeper Isidro Alonso got injured. He was part of the "golden era" of Club Guaraní in the 1960s, where the team won most of its 1st division championships (a total of three, Aguilera was part of two in 1967 and 1969). In 1971, he signed for Brazilian club Portuguesa and eventually transferred to Europe in 1975 where he played for Valencia CF. In 1976, he was back to Brazil to play for Botafogo before returning to Paraguay to play for Atletico Colegiales and retire. Aguilera played for the Paraguay national football team a total of 11 times between 1967 and 1970. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

raimundu aguilera raimundu aguilera cho 'liss (jonmo 7 january 1949) hoise peraguwer ejon owoxorprapto football go' lorokhyok. teu ejon oti dokhyo kheluwoi aasil, ji teur sonsolota aaru boll-handlingor baabe jonajat aasil, jiye teuk teur keriyarot 1000 minutet dubarkoi etaa go "lo eri nidibor obhilekh prapto korat xohay korisil. eguilerak "aarkuru di aamerika" (aamerikar go "lorokhyok) buli jonaa goisil. keriyar. aguilerai club guwaranir juwo bibhagxomuhot teur keriyar aarombho korisil aaru owoxexot 1965 sonot aarombhoni koraa go "lorokhyok isidro" aalonsu aahot huwar pisot prothom dolot sthan laabh korisil. teu 1960-ror doxokot club guwaranir "xunali jug" ror ongxo aasil, zo 'too doltuwe iyar prothom bibhagor championswipor besibhag joy korisil (muth tinita, 1967 aaru 1969 sonot eguilera dutar ongxo aasil). 1971 sonot teu brazilian club portuguyesar baabe swakhyor korisil aaru owoxexot 1975 sonot euroopoloi sthanantorito hoisil zo 'too teu valencia cfor hoi khelisil. 1976 sonot, teu atletiku collegialsor hoi kheliboloi aaru owoxor lo "boloi peraguweloi ubhoti ohaar aagote bob" tafugur hoi kheliboloi brajiloloi ubhoti aahisil. 1967 sonor poraa 1970 sonor bhitorot aguilerai peraguwe rastriyo football dolor hoi muth 11 baar khelisil.

raimundo aguilera raimundo aguilera solis (jonmo 7 januari 1949) ekjon abosarprapto football golrakkhak. tini ekjon atyanta dokkho kheload chhilen, jini taanr chanchalata ebong boll-handlingyer jonno porichito chhilen, jaa taanke taanr kormojibone 1000 minute doo 'barr goal naa deoar record orjon korte sahayata korechilo. aguilera "arcuero dii america" (americar golrakkhak) naame porichito chhilen. karmajiban. aguilera club guaranir jubo bibhage taar karmajiban shuru corren ebong shesh porjonto 1965 saale golrakkhak isidro alonso ahoto howar porey prothom doley jaiga korey nene. tini 1960-err doshke club guaranir "swarnajuger" ongsho chhilen, jekhane dolti taar prothom bibhag championshiper beshirbhag jitechilo (moat tinti, 1967 ebong 1969 saale aguilera duti ongsho chhilo). 1971 saale tini brazilian club portugesara jonno chuktiboddho hohn ebong abosheshe 1975 saale europe sthanantorito hohn jekhane tini valencia cf-err hoye khelen. 1976 saale, atletico collegialser hoye khelte ebong abosar neoar jonno parague firey aasaar agey tini boatfogor hoye khelte brazile firey asen. 1967 theke 1970 saaler modhye aguilera parague jatiya football doler hoye moat 11 barr khelechen.

raimundo agulara raimundo agvillera solisa (janm 7 january 1949) paraguayna nivrutt football goalkeeper chhe. teo aek khoob jaj kooshal khelaadi hataa, jeey temnee chapalata aneey boola-handling maate jaanita hataa, jene temne temnee karkirdi darmiyan 1000 minutema beey vaar goal naa karvaano reqorda haansal karvaamaa madad curry hatee. agvillerane "aarkvero dii america" (americana goalkeeper) tareeke odakhvaamaa aavto hato. karkirdi. agulera club guraaninaa yuvaa vibhagoma potaani karkidrini sharuaat curry hatee aneey aakhare aakhare goalkeeper isidro alonso ghaayal thayaa baad pratham team sthaan melavyu hatoo. teo teo daykama club guraaninaa "suvarn yug" noow bhaag hataa, jyaan teame tenee motabhagni pratham vibhag championship jeetee hatee (coole trana, 1967 aneey aneey agvillera beno bhaag hato). hato), temane brazilian club portugesa maate hastakshar karyaa aneey aakhare aakhare europema transfer thayaa jyaan teo valencia cf maate ramyaa hataa. hataa, teo atletico collegialis maate ramvaa aneey nivrutt thavaa maate paraguay parat fartaa pahelaa botafogo maate ramvaa maate brazil parat faryaa hataa. agvillera 1967 aneey 1970 vachche peragu raashtriy football team maate coole 11 vakhat ramyo hato.

remundo aguillera raimundo aguillera solis (janm 7 janwari 1949) paraguay key ack sevaanivritt football goalkeeper hain. vaha ack bahut hii kushal khilaadi they, joe apani chapalata aur gend koo sambhaalane key liye jaane jaate they, jisase unhein apane currier key dauran dou baar 1000 minut mein ack bhee goal naa karane kaa record hassil karane mein madad millie. agvillera koo "arquero dee america" (america key goalkeeper) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. carrier. aguillera ney club gurani key yuva prabhagon mein apana currier shuru kiya aur antatah 1965 mein goalkeeper isidro alonso key ghayal honey key baad pahali team mein jagah banaai. vaha 1960 key dashak mein club gurani key "swarn yug" kaa hissa they, jahan team ney apani adhikansh pratham division championship jeeti (kull teen, 1967 aur 1969 mein dou kaa hissa thee). 1971 mein, unhone brazil key club portugesa key liye hastakshar kiye aur antatah 1975 mein europe mein sthanantarit hoe gaye jahan unhone valencia see. aff. key liye khela. 1976 mein, vaha atletico collegials key liye khelane aur sevaanivritt honey key liye paraguay lautane seey pahale botafogo key liye khelane key liye brazil vaapas aaa gaye they. agvillera 1967 aur 1970 key beach kull 11 baar paraguay rashtriya football team key liye khele.

raimundo agulera raimundo agulera solis (janana 7 janavari 1949) paraguaya nivrutta football goalkeeper agiddare. avaru bahala nurita atagararagiddaru, avara churukutana mattu chendannu nibhayisalu hesaruvaasiyaagiddaru, idu avara vrattijeevanadalli 1000 nimishagalalli eradu baari golannu bittukodada daakhaleyannu sadhisalu sahaaya maaditu. aguleravannu "arquero dii america" (americada goalkeeper) endu kareyalaaguttittu. vrattijeevana. agulera club gaurania yuva vibhagagalalli tamma vrattijeevanavannu praarambhisidaru mattu antimavagi 1965 ralli arambhika goalkeeper isidro alonso gaigonda nantara modala tandakke bandaru. avaru 1960rahra dasakadalli club gaurania "suvarna yugada" bhagavagiddaru, allie tandavu tanna 1neey vibhagada champiyanshipgalannu geddukonditu (ottu mooru, 1967 mattu 1969ralli agulera eradu champiyanshipgala bhagavagittu). 1971ralli, avaru brazilian club portugesakke sahi haakidaru mattu antimavagi 1975ralli europge vargaavaneyaadaru, allie avaru valencia cfgagi aadidaru. 1976ralli, aata brazilge marali botafogo para aadalu bandaru, nantara paraguayge maralidaru mattu atletico collegials para aadidaru mattu nivruttaraadaru. 1967 mattu 1970rahra naduve agulera ottu 11 baari pyaraguye rashtriya football tandakkagi aadidaru.

raaymundo agvilera reymundo agvilera solis (jananam januvari 7,1949) paragvaayiyil ninnulla viramicha football goalkeeparaanu. valare vaidagdhyamulla kalikkaranaaya addeham, thante chadulathaykkum panthu kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinum perukettirunnu, ithu thante kariyaril 1000 minittinullil rund thavana oru goal vazhangaathathinte record nedaan addehathe sahayichu. archwero dii america" (amerikkayude goalkeeper) ennaanu agvilera ariyappettirunnath. currier. club gwaraniyile yoothu divisionukalil thante currier aarambhicha agvilera 1965 ll goalkeeper isidro alonsoic parikkettathine thudarnnu aadya teamil idam nedi. 1960kalil club gwaraniyude "suvarnna kaalaghatta" thinte bhagamaayirunna addeham, avide team athinte onnaam division chaambyanshippukalil bhooribhaagavum nedi (aake moonnennam, 1967lum 1969lum agvilera randennathinte bhaagamaayirunnu). 1971ll addeham brazilian club porchugvesaykkaayi karar oppidukayum oduvil 1975ll europilekku maarukayum avide addeham valencia sii. eph. kku vendi kalikkukayum cheythu. 1976ll addeham botafogoic vendi kalikkunnathinaayi brazililekku madangukayum atlettikko collegialsinu vendi kalikkunnathinum viramikkunnathinum munbu paaraagveyilekku madangukayum cheythu. 1967num 1970num idayil motham 11 thavana paragway deseeya football teaminu vendi agvilera kalichittundu.

raimando agvilera raimundo agvilera solis (janm 7 janewari 1949) haah paraguaycha nivrutt football golrakshak aahe. too eka atishay kushal kheladu hota, joou tyachya chapalata aanee chendu hatalanisathi olakhala jaato, jyamule tyala tyachya karkirdit 1000 minitant donada goal naan karnyacha vikram sadhya karnyas madat jhaali. agvilera haah 'arquero dii america' (amerikecha golrakshak) mhanoon olakhala jaat asey. karkird. agvilerane club gwaranichya yuva vibhaganmadhye aaplya karkirdichi suruvat kelee aanee akheris 1965 madhye golrakshak isidro alonso jakhami jhalyanantar pahilya sanghat pravesh keela. 1960 chya dashakat too club gwaranichya "suvarnayugacha" bhag hota, jithe sanghane tyachya pahilya vibhagatil bahutek ajinkyapad spardha jinkalya (ekoon teen, 1967 aanee 1969 madhye agvilera doncha bhag hota). 1971 madhye tyane brazilian club portuguesashi karar keela aanee akheris 1975 madhye europemadhye badali jhaali jithe too valencia see. eff. sathee khelala. 1976 madhye, too aletico kolegiyalskadun khelanyasathi aanee nivrutt honyasathi paraguela paratanyapurvi botafogosathi khelanyasathi brazilala paratala hota. 1967 teey 1970 darmyan agvilera paraguay rashtriy football sanghakadun ekoon 11 vela khelala.

remundo agvilera rhymundo aguilera solis (janma 7 janawari 1949) pyaragueka sewaniwritta football goalkeeper hun. uni ek dherai kushal kheladi thie, jo afno chapalta rar ball-handlingka lagi parichit thie, jasle unlai afno careerma dui patak 1000 minetma goal namaneko record hasil garna maddat maddat. aguileralai "arquero day america" (americaka goalkeeper) bhanera chininthyo. currier. agulerale club guraniko yuwa divisionma afno currier suru gare rar antatah sann 1965 maa golrakshak isidro alanso ghaite bhaepachi pahilo tolima sthan banae. uni 1960 ko dashakma club guraniko "swarna yug" ko hissa thie, jahaan tolile yasako adhikansh pahilo division championship jityo (kull tean, aguilera 1967 rar 1969 maa duiko hissa thiyo). sann 1971 maa, unle brazilian club portugesasaka lagi hastakshar gare rar antatah sann 1975 maa europema sthanantaran bhae jahaan unle bhyalensia cfka lagi khele. sann 1976 maa, uni atletiko kolegiyalska lagi khelna rar sewaniwritta huna pyarague farkanu aghi botafogoka lagi khelna brazil farkie. aguilera sann 1967 dekhi 1970 ko bichma parague rashtriya football tolika lagi kull 11 patak kheleka thie.

raimundo aguilera raimundo aguilera solis (janma 7 januari 1949) jane paragueru absar prapta football golarakhyaka. shay jane atyanta kushali khelali thile, jieki tankara chanchalata ebong bull-handleing paain janashuna, jaahaa tanku taanka kyarijarare duithara 1000 minitare gotie goal naah debara record hassel karibare sahajya karithila. aguilera "arquero dii america" (americara golarakhyaka) bhabare janashuna thile. kyariyara. aguilera club guaranira juba bibhagare nijara kyariyara arambha karithile ebong sheshare 1965 ray prarambhika golarakhyaka isidro alanso ahata heba parey pratham dalare sthana paithile. shay 1960 dashakare club guaranira "subarna juga" rahr ansha thile, jeunthare dala ehara adhikansha pratham divijana championship jitithila (mote tinoti, 1967 ebong 1969 ray dui bhagara ansha thila) . 1971 ray, shay brazilian club portuguesa paain swakhyara karithile ebong sheshare 1975 ray juropaku sthanantarita hoithile jeunthare shay valencia sii. aif. paain khelithile. 1976 masihare, shay botfogo paain kheliba paain brajilaku pherithile ebong parey atletico collegiales paain kheliba paain parague pherithile. 1967 ru 1970 madhyare aguilera parague jatiah football dala paain mote 11 thara khelithile.

raimundo aguillera raimundo aguillera solis (janam 7 janwari 1949) paraguay toon ikk retired football goalkeeper haii. uh ikk bahut hii kushal khidari see, joe aapni chusti atey gend noon sambhalan laee janhiaa jaanda see, jiss neey uss noon aapne crear dauran doou vaar 1000 mint witch ikk goal naa denh daa ricard haasal curran witch sahaita keeti. aguillera noon "arcuero dee amrica" (amrica dey goalkeeper) vajon janhiaa jaanda see. carrier. aguillera neey club guaari dey youth divisionan witch aapne crear dee shuruat keeti atey aakharkar goalkeeper isidro alonso dey zakhmi honn toon baad 1965 witch pahili team witch jagha banayi. uh 1960 dey dahake witch club guarani dey "sunhiri yugg" daa hissa see, jitthe team neey aapni ziaadaatar pahili division championship jitti (kull tinn, 1967 atey 1969 witch doou daa hissa see). sann 1971 witch, uss neey braazeel dey club portuguesa laee dastkhat keete atey aakharkar 1975 witch yoorap witch tabdil hoow giaa jitthe uh valencia see. eff. laee khediaa. 1976 witch, uh atletico collegials laee khedan atey retire honn laee paraguay waps aaunn toon pahilan botafogo laee khedan laee braazeel waps aaa giaa see. aguillera neey 1967 atey 1970 dey vichkaar kull 11 vaar paraguay rashtari football team laee khediaa.

remundo agvileraa raimundo agvileraa solis (jananam 7 janavaree 1949) ityayam pairaaguye-nagarasya nivruttah football-goalkeeper asti. saha atyantam kushala kreedakah aasit, yah swasya chapalataayaah, kandukasya hastachalanayaha cha krute prasidhah aasit, yena saha swasya vruttijeevanasya 1000 nimesheshu dvivaaram goal naa dadyah iti abhilekham praaptum upakarot. agvileraa ityayam "aarkvero dey america" (amerikaadeshasy goalkeeper) iti namna prasidhah aasit. vruttihi. agvileraa ityeshah club-gurani ityasya yuva-vibhaageshu swasya vruttijeevanam aarabhat, ante 1965 tame varshe goalkeeper isidro alaanso ityasya aghatat prathamadale pravishtah. saha 1960 tame dashake club-gurani ityasya "suvarnayuge" bhaagah aasit, yatra dalah prathamavibhaagasya adhikaamsham championship-kreedaasu vijayam praapnot (aahaty trayah, 1967 tame varshe 1969 tame varshe cha agvileraa iti dwayoh bhagayoho aasit). 1971 tame varshe saha brazilian club-portuguesaa-krute hastaaksharam krutavaan, ante 1975 tame varshe europe-desham prati sthanantaritaha, yatra saha valencia see. ef.-krute kreeditavaan. 1976 tame varshe, atletiko collegials-pakshatah kreeditum nivruttum cha paaraaguye-nagaram pratyaagantum poorvam, botaafogo-pakshaat kreeditum saha punah brazil-desham gatavaan. agvileraa 1967 taha 1970 paryantam paaraaguye-rashtriya-football-dalasya krute aahaty 11 praavashyam kreeditavaan.

raimundo agulera raimundo agulera solis (prappu janavari 7,1949) paaraakuyilirunthu oaivu pettra kaalpandhu goalkeeper aavaar. avar migavum tiramaiyaana veeraraaga irunthaar, avarathu surusuruppu mattrum pandhu kaiyaaluthal aagiyavattrirku peyar pettravar, idhu avarathu vaazhkkaiyil 1000 nimidangalil irandu murai oru koalai vittukkodukkaatha saathanaiyai adaiya uthaviyathu. agulera "archwero dii america" (americavin goalkeeper) endru alaikkappattaar. thozhil. agulera kilap guraniyin ilaignar pirivugalil thanathu vaazhkkaiyaith thodangkinaar, iruthiyil 1965 aam aandil thodakka goalkeeper isitroa alonso kaayamadaindha piragu muthal aniyil idam pettraar. 1960 kazhil kilap guraniyin "porkaalaththin" oru paguthiyaaga avar irunthaar, angku anii adhan 1 vadhu pirivu saambiyanshippil perumpaalaanavattrai ventrathu (moththam moontru, 1967 mattrum 1969 ill agulera irandil oru paguthiyaaga irunththathu). 1971 aam aandil, avar brazily kilap poarduguvaesaavukkaaga kaiyeluththittaar, iruthiyil 1975 aam aandil iroappaavukku maattrappattaar, angku avar valencia chii. eff. anikkaaga vilaiyaadinaar. 1976 aam aandil, avar atletico collegials anikkaaga vilaiyaada paaraagu thirumbuvatharku munbu, podafogo anikkaaga vilaiyaada brazil thirumbinaar. agulera 1967 mattrum 1970 kku idaiyil moththam 11 murai paaraagui thaesiya kaalpandhu anikkaaga vilaiyaadinaar.

raimundo agulera raimundo agulera solis (jananam 7 janavari 1949) paaraaguiki chendina retired football goal keeper. athanu chaalaa naipunhyam kaligina aatagadu, athani churukudanam mariyu banthi-handlingku prasiddhi chendaadu, idhi athani kereerlo 1000 nimishaallo rendusaarlu goal ivvani rikaardunu saadhinchadaaniki sahaayapadindi. aguleraanu "arquero dii america" (goalkeeper off america) anie pilicheevaaru. vrutti. agulera club gurani yokka yuva vibhagalalo thana vruttini praarambhinchaadu mariyu chivariki 1965loe goalkeeper isidro alonso gayapadina taruvaata modati jattulo cheraadu. athanu 1960laloe club gwarani yokka "swarna yugamlo" bhaagamgaa unnadu, ikkada jattu daani 1va division champiyanshiplalo ekkuva bhaganni geluchukundi (mottam moodu, 1967 mariyu 1969loe agulera rendu bhagalalo bhaagamgaa undhi). 1971loe, athanu brazilian club porchugyusaaku santakam chesi, chivariki 1975loe airopaku badilee ayyadu, akkada athanu valencia cf kosam aadadu. 1976loe, athanu atletico collegials kosam aadataaniki mariyu padavee viramana cheyadaaniki paaraagveki tirigi raakamundu botafogo kosam aadataaniki brazilku tirigi vacchaadu. 1967 mariyu 1970 madhya agulera parague jaateeya football jattu kosam mottam 11 saarlu aadadu.

remando agailra remando agailra souls (paidaish 7 januri 1949) piragoye say taaluq rakhnay waala eek retired fitt baal goal capper hay. wah eek behat hyee hunner mund khilaadi thay juu apnee chasti aur gaind kuu sanbhalne kay liye jaanay jaatay thay jiss say inhein apnay carrier kay doraan duu baar 1000 mint mein koyee goal naha karnay kaa record haasil karnay mein madad milly. agulera kuu "archio ddee america" (america kay goal capper) kay naam say jaana jaataa thaa. carrier. agulera nay apnay carrier kaa aaghaz kalb goriyani kay youth devisions mein kiyaa aur balaakhir 1965 mein goal capper icedro alwanso kay zakhmi honay kay baad pehli team mein jagah banayi. wah 1960 kii dahayi mein kalb goriyani kay "sunhari door" kaa hasah thay jehaan team nay apnee ziyadah tarr frust devision champine ship jeeti (kill theen agulera 1967 aur 1969 mein duu kaa hasah thaa). 1971 mein inhon nay brazeel kay kalb portogosa kay liye muahidah kiyaa aur balaakhir 1975 mein europ muntaqil how gayey jehaan wah valentia see aif kay liye khelay. 1976 mein wah atletico collegiols kay liye khelnay aur retire honay kay liye piragway waps aaney say pehley botafogo kay liye khelnay kay liye brazeel waps aayey. agvelra nay 1967 aur 1970 kay darmiyan pairgoye qomi fitt baal team kay liye kill 11 baar kheela.

fffd7164da9f1f02bb28b1be9f2b14fea27fbe37f7b980887b41621a149450b7

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18502683

Poria – Neve Oved

Poria – Neve Oved Poria – Neve Oved () is a community settlement in northern Israel. Located to the south-east of the Sea of Galilee near Tiberias, it falls under the jurisdiction of Emek HaYarden Regional Council. In 2021 it had a population of 1,290. History. The village was founded in 1949 by immigrants from North Africa. In the past most of its residents worked in local factories or nearby kibbutzim, but today most are professionals working in Tiberias and the Lower Galilee. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

puriya-nebh owed puriya-nebh obed () hoise uttor ijorailor ek xomprodayor boxoti. tiboriyasor usoror galilee xagoror dokhyin-pubot owosthito, ee emek hairden ancholik porixodor odhinot pore. iyar jonoxongkhya aasil. itihax. 1949 sonot uttor africar poraa ohaa probrojonkarixokole ei gaukhon protistha korisil. otitot iyar besibhag baxindai sthaniyo karkhana baa usoror kibbutjimot kaam korisil, kintu aaji besibhagei tiboriya aaru nimno galileet kaam koraa pesadari.

poria-nev oved poria-nev oved (πορία-Neve oved) uttor israeler ekti sampradaygata bosoti. gallile samudrer dakkhin-purbe tiberiuser kachhe abosthito, etty emek hierden anchalik counciler ekhtiar adhine porey. err modhye ekti jonosongkha chhilo. itihas. 1949 saale uttor africa theke assa abhibasider dwara eyi gramti protisthito hoyechilo. atite err beshirbhag basinda sthaniya karkhana baa kachakachi kibutzim-ayee kaaj korten, kintu aaz beshirbhagi tiberia ebong nimno galilete kaaj koraa peshadar.

poreeya-neve owaid poreeya-neve oved (πορία-Neve oved) aee uttar israelma aek saamudaayik vasaahat chhe. tiberias najik galileena samudrani dakshin-purvamaa stheet, teey emek hairdon praadeshik parishadna adhikarkshetra hethal aave chhe. temaa vastee hatee. itihas. aaa gaamnee sthaapnaa sthaapnaa uttar africana vasaahateeo dwara karvaamaa aavee hatee. bhutkaalmaa tenaa motabhagna rahevasio sthaaneek karkhanao athavaa najiknaa kibbutzim kaama kartaa hataa, parantu aaje motabhagna vyaavsaayiko tiberia aneey neechala galileema kaama karey chhe.

poriya-neve oved poriya-neve oved (πορία-Neve oved) uttari israel mein ack samudayik basti haye. tiberias key paas galleyl key samudra key dakshin-poorv mein sthit, yeh amec hairdon kshetriya parishad key adhikaar kshetra mein aataa haye. isaki jansankhya thee. itihas. iss gaanv kii sthaapana 1949 mein uttar africa key pravasiyon dwara kii gaee thee. ateet mein isake adhikansh nivasi sthaaniya karkhanon yaa paas key kibbutzim mein kaam karate they, lekin aaj adhikansh peshevar tiberia aur nichale galile mein kaam curr rahey hain.

poria-neve oved poria-neve oved () uttara isrelna ondu samudaaya vasaahatuvaagide. tiberias baliya galilee samudrada agneya bhagadalliruva idu emec hayden praadeshika mandaliya vyaaptige baruttade. adara janasankhye ittu. itihaasa. ee graamavannu 1949ralli uttara africadinda valase bandavaru sthaapisidaru. hinde adara hecchina nivasigalu sthaliya karkhanegalalli athawa hattirada kibbutzimnalli kelasa maaduttiddaru, aadare indu hechchinavaru tiberiyagalu mattu kela galileyalli kelasa maaduva vrattipararaagiddaare.

poriya-nevu ovdu vadakkan israelile oru community settilmentaanu poriya-nevu ovdu (πορία-Neve oved). tiberiasinu sameepam galeeli kadalinte thekk-kizhakk bhagathaayi sthithi cheiyunna ithu emec hayardan regional kaunsilinte adikaaraparidhiyil varunnu. athil oru janasamkhya undaayirunnu. charithram. 1949ll vadakke aafrikkayil ninnulla kudiyettakkaraanu eee graamam sthaapichathu. munkaalangalil ividathe nivaasikalil bhooribhaagavum praadeshika faaktarikaliloo aduthulla kibutsimilo jolie cheythirunnuvenkilum innu avaril bhooribhaagavum tiberiayilum lover galiliyilum jolie cheiyunna professionalukalaanu.

poria-nebh ovad poria-nebh obhed (πορία-Neve oved) uttari ijarayalko euta samudayik basti how. tiberias najikai galileko samudrako dakshin-purvama awasthit, yo ameck hairdon khetriya parishadko kshetradhikarma pardachha. yasama janasankhya thiyo. itihas. yo gaaun sann 1949 maa uttari africabata aeka aprawasiharule sthapana gareka thie. vigatma yasaka adhikansh basindaharule sthaniya karkhanaharu wa najikaiko kibutjimma kaam garthe, tara az adhikansh tiberias rar tallo galilema kaam garne peshewarharu hun.

poria-nabhe abh poria-nebhe oved (πορία-Neve oved) uttara israelara eka gosthi basati. galili samudrara dakhina-purbare tiberias nikatare abasthita, ehaa emec hairdon anchalika parisadara adhikara khetra adheenare pade . ethire eka janasankhya thila. itihas. 1949 masihare uttara africaru asithiba prabaseemananka dwara ehi gramati pratistha karajaithila. ateetare ehara adhikansha basinda sthaniah karkhana kimba nikatasta kibutjimare kaama karuthile, kintu aaji adhikansha tiberia ebong nimna galilire karjya karuthiba pesadara.

poriaa-neve oved poriaa-neve oved (πορία-Neve oved) uttri israeel witch ikk community basti haii. ih tiberia dey nede galile dey samunder dey dakkhan-purab witch sathit haii, ih emek harden khetri consul dey adhikar khetar witch aaunda haii. iss dee aabadi see. itihaas. pind dee sathapana 1949 witch uttri africa dey parvasiaan duaara keeti gaee see. ateet witch iss dey ziaadaatar vasneek sathanak faiktariaan jaan nedley kibutzim witch kamm karde sunn, parr ajj ziaadaatar peshevar tiberia atey hethle galile witch kamm qarr rahey hunn.

poria-nev oved poria-nev oved (πορία-Neve oved) uttar-isrel-deshasya samudaay-nivaasah asti. tiberias-nagarasya sameepe galilee-samudrasya aagneyadishi sthitah ayam pradesha emek-hairdon-praadeshika-parishadasya adhikaarakshetre asti. atra janasankhyam aasit. itihaasah. 1949 tame varshe uttar-africa-deshaat aagantakaih asya gramasya sthapana abhavat. poorvam asya adhikaamshah nivaasinah sthaniya-karakhanasu athavaa sameepastheshu kibbutzeem-nagareshu karyam kurvanti sma, parantu adyatve adhikaamshaah tiberia-pradeshe, nimna-gelilee-pradeshe cha karyam kurwantah vyaavasaayikaah santi.

boria-nev oov boria-nev oov (πορία-Neve oved) enbathu vadakku israelil ulla oru samooga kudiyaettramaagum. tiberia arugae kalileya kadalin thenkizhakkil amainthulla idhu emec hairton piraanthiya councilin athikaara varampirkul varukirathu. athil oru makkal thogai irunththathu. varalaaru. inththa gramam 1949 aam aandil vada aappirikkaavilirunthu kudiyaeriyavargalaal niruvappattathu. kadantha kaalaththil adhan kudiyiruppaalargalil perumpaaloar ulloor thozhirchaalaigal allathu arugilulla kibutzim aagiyavattril panipurinthanar, aanaal intru perumbaalaanavargal tiberia mattrum keezh kalilaeyaththil panipuriyum thozhil vallunargal.

poria-nev ovd poria-nev oved () anedi uttara ijraayellooni oka community settlement. tiberias sameepamlo galilee samudraaniki aagneyamlo unna idhi emec hairden praantiiya mandali paridhiloki vastundi. andulo janabha undedi. charitra. eee gramanni gramanni uttara africa nundi vacchina valasadaarulu sthaapinchaaru. gatamlo daani nivaasitulu chaalaa mandhi sthaanika karmagaralalo ledhaa sameepamloni kibbutzimlo panicheesaaru, conny nedu chaalaa mandhi tiberialu mariyu diguva gallylo panichese nipunulu.

poriya-neo oveed poriya-neo oveed (πορία-Neve oved) shamali israel mein eek community bastee hay. bahirah gallel kay janub mashriq mein tabris kay qareeb waaqa yaha emac hairden elaqayi konsal kay dairah akhtiyar mein aataa hay. iss kii aabadi thee. tareekh. iss gaaon kii bunyaad 1949 mein shamali afriqah say aaney waalay tarkeen watan nay rakhee thee. maazi mein iss kay ziyadah tarr rehaishi maqami factoriyon yaa qareebi cubtism mein kaam kartay thay leakin aaj ziyadah tarr tabriya aur zeerein gallel mein kaam karnay waalay paishah warr haine.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41223628

Verónica Juárez Piña

Verónica Juárez Piña Mexican politician Verónica Beatriz Juárez Piña (born 28 September 1971) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRD. She has served as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Jalisco since 2013. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

verunika jurez pinaa verunika bitrij juarez pinaa (jonmo 28 septembor 1971) hoise maxican rajneetibid ji ei pro. aar. di.-ror xoite jorito. teu 2013 sonor poraa jaliskuk protinidhitwo kori maxican congressor el. ji. aai. aai. bidhanmondolor upo-xobhapoti hisape karzonirbah kori aahise.

veronica juarez pina veronica bitridge juarez pina (jonmo 28 septembara 1971) hollen ekjon mexican rajnitibid jini prd-rawr saathe jukto. tini 2013 saal theke jaliscore protinidhittokari mexican congresser ell. esha. aaee. aaee ainsobhar deputi hisabe dayitto palon korechen.

veronica jurez pinaa veronica beatries jurez pinaa (janm 28 september 1971) aee pii. aar. dii. saathe sankalaayela meksikana rajkarani chhe. temane 2013 thee jaliskonu pratinidhitva karatee meksikana congressnee aela. aesa. aaee. vidhansabhana nayab tareeke sevaa aapee chhe.

veronica juaarez pinaa veronica beatridge juaarez pinaa (janm 28 sitambar 1971) pee. aar. dee. seey sambaddh ack maxican rajneta hain. unhone 2013 seey zalisco kaa pratinidhitva karate hue maxican congress key ell. aiss. aaee. aaee. vidhanmandal key upa key roop mein kaary kiya haye.

veronica jurej pina veronica beatridge jurej pina (janana 28 september 1971) avaru mexican rajakarani. avaru 2013 rinda jaaliskovannu pratinidhisuva mexican congressna ell. zii. aii shasakangada upanayakaragi seve sallisiddaare.

veronica juras pina veronica beatries juras pina (jananam septambar 28,1971) prdumaayi bandhapetta oru meksikkan raashtreeyakkaariyaanu. 2013 muthal jalisco prathinidheekarikkunna meksikkan kongrassinte ell. ezz. aii. aii niyamanirmmaanasabhayude deputy aayi avar sevanamanushtichittundu.

veronica jurez pina veronica beatries juarez pina (janm 28 september 1971) hii praa. dii. shhee sanlagn asaleli mexican rajkarani aahe. 2013 pasoon tyanni jaliscoche pratinidhitva pratinidhitva mexican congresschya ell. ess. aay. aay. vidhimandalachya upadhikshak mhanoon kaam kele aahe.

bheranika juarez pina veronica bitridge juarez pina (janma 28 september 1971) jane mexicore rajneta jie pii. aarr. dii. sahita jadita. shay 2013 masiharu jaliskoku pratinidhitwa karuthiba mexicon kangresara ell. sii. aai. aai. bidhanasabhara deputi bhabare karjya karichanti.

veronica jurez pina veronica beateries juarez pina (janam 28 satambar 1971) ikk mexican siasatdan haii joe pee. aar. dee. naal judee hoee haii. uss neey 2013 toon jalisco dee numaindagi karde hoye mexican congress dee ail. aiss. aaee. aaee. vidhan sabha dee dipty vajon seva nibhai haii.

veronica jurez pinaa veronica beatridge jurez pinaa (janma 28 september 1971) praad ityanena saha sambadhah meksiko-deshasya raajaneetidnyah asti. saa 2013 tamaat varshaat jaalisko-pakshasya pratinidhitvam kurvantee meksiko-kaangres-pakshasya ell. ess. aii. aii. vidhayika-sadasyaroopen kaaryam akarot.

veronica jurez pinaa veronica petrice jurez pinaa (prappu septumber 28,1971) oru mexican arasiyalvaathi aavaar. avar 2013 muthal jaliskovai pirathinithiththuvappaduththum mexican congressin ell. chii. aii sattamandraththin thunai uruppinaraaga paniyaattriyullaar.

veronica jurez pina veronica beatridge jurez pina (jananam 28 september 1971) oka mexican raajakeeyavetta, aame PRD thoo anubandham kaligi undhi. aame 2013 nundi jalisco praatinidhyam vahistunna mexican congress yokka ell. zii. ii saasanasabhaku deputyga panicheesaaru.

fffd7d890ea319c82a6d7329c1052182665bf81b86354b4229d18f8eb8e47024

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1186878

Ganguly (surname)

Ganguly (surname) Ganguly (), also known as Ganguli, Ganguly, Gangulee, Gangoly or Gangopadhyay is a native Bengali surname that is used by Kulin Brahmin group of the Bengali Brahmin caste. The traditional Bengali version of this surname is "Gangopadhyay(a)" or "Gônggopaddhae". History. The Gangulys belong to the Kulin Brahmin class and are also classified as Rarhi Brahmins. According to texts, King Adisura invited five Brahmins to settle in the region from Kanauj and designated them higher in social status. Multiple accounts of this legend exist; historians generally consider it to be nothing more than myth or folklore, lacking historical authenticity. The tradition continues by saying that these incomers settled and each became the founder of a clan. The five Brahmin clans, which later became known as Mukherjees, Chatterjees, Banerjees, Gangulys and Bhattacharjees, were each designated as "Kulina" ("superior") in order to differentiate them from the more established local Brahmins. References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> External links. <templatestyles src="Dmbox/styles.css" /> Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .

ganguli (podobi) ganguli (ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, ganguli baa gangopadhyay buliu kuwa hoy) hoise etaa bangali brahman jaatir bharotiyo poriyalor naam; ee "gangele" gangopadhyay (koo) "gangopadhyay" ror etaa prokar. oitihaxik grontho 'jaati-bhaxokor' too ullekh koraa hoise je bollal xenar dwara gangul naamor gaont jixokol lukok onudan diya hoisil teulukok ganguli (i) buli kuwa hoisil. logote, gangopadhyay (akhyorikbhabe 'gongar aaxe-paxe thoka oncholxomuhor boidik xikhyokxokol') buli kuwa hoy kaaron teuluke xikhyokotar britti (upadhyay) basoni korisil. gangulixokolor purbopuruxxokol bharugu poriyalor ontorgoto xaworno muni naamor ejon xadhu baa xadhur poraa aahise aaru xeyehe xokolu gangulire eke xoworno gutro aase, aaru orbo-bharugu-siyabon-oponubhat-jamdagonyo poncho (pasta) probhar aase jaar ortho hoise teuluk eke purbopuruxor mulor poraa aahise. kolkatar xoborno roy soudhuri poriyal prokritote gangopadhyay. musolman xomrat aakbor aaru jahangire teulukor purbopurux lokhmikanto gangopadhyayak roy aaru pisoloi soudhuri upadhi prodan korisil. jobo charnoke ei poriyalor poraa tinikhon gaau kroy korisil. isto india companyr xaxonkalot ei tinikhon gaau kolkatat porinot hoisil.pinaki gangulir bortomanor prokrito tejor uttoradhikari sridhor gangulir hoise debproxad ganguli, prodeep ganguli, girij xongkor ganguli, xayan ganguli aaru ornobo ganguli.

gangulir (upadhi) gangul (ganguli, gangul, gangul, gangopadhyay baa gangopadhyay nameo porichito) ekti bangali brahman borner bharatiya paribarik naam; etty "gangele" gangopadhyay (qaa) "gangopadhyay"-err ekti roop. oitihasik boi 'jaati-bhaskar'-ayee ullekh koraa hoyeche jey, ballal seena kortrik gangul naame grame jaader anudan deoa hoyechilo, taader gangul (i) bolla hoto. echhadao, jaake gangopadhya (akkhorik orthe 'gangar ashepasher anchaler boidik shikkhok') bolla hoy kaaron taaraa shikkhadaner pesha (upadhyay) beche niyechilo. gangulider purbopurushra hollen bhrigu poribarer ontorgoto, shraban muni naame eka sannasi baa sadhu ebong taai samasta gangulider ekoi shraban gotro ebong orob-bhrigu-chyaban-aponubhat-jamodagonno poncho (panchti) probora royeche jaar ortho taaraa ekoi purbopurusher mool theke eseche. kalkatar sabarna raay chaudhuri poribar asle gangopadhyay. muslim samrat akbar oo jahangir taander purbopurush lakkhikanta gangopadhyayke 'roy "ebong' chaudhuri" upadhi pradan corren. jobo charnok eyi poribarer kachh theke tinti grama kinechilo. east india companyr shasonamole eyi tinti grama kalkatai porinoto hoy.pinaki gangulir bortoman prokrito rokto uttoradhikari, sridhar gangulir modhye royechen devaprasad gangul, pradeep gangul, giriza shankar gangul, sayan gangul ebong arnab gangul.

ganguli (atak) ganguli (jene ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, gangoli athavaa gangopadhyay pann kahevaay chhe) aee bangaali braahman jaatinu bhaartiy paarivaarik naam chhe; teey "gangele" gangopadhyay (aaa) "gangopaadhe" noow aek prakaar chhe. aitihasik pustak 'jaatee-bhaskar' maan ullekh karvaamaa aavyo chhe keey jaimne gaammaan gangul naamnu anudaan aapvama aavyu hatoo, temne balaal senaa dwara ganguli (i) kahevama aavtu hatoo. jene gangopadhyay (shaabdik reete 'gangaani aaspasna pradeshomaa vaidik shikshako') pann kahevaay chhe kaaran keey teoae shikshan (upadhyay) noow vyavsaay pasand karyo hato. gaangulionaa purvajo bhrugunaa parivaar saathe sankalaayela savarn munee naamnaa sannyasi athavaa sant chhe aneey aama tamaam gaanguleeo paase aek jaj savarn gotra chhe, aneey aurv-bhrugu-chyavan-apnuvataa-jamadgnya punch (paanch) pravaro chhe jeno arth chhe keey teo aek jaj purvajonaa mulmathi chhe. kolkatana sabarn roya chaudhari parivaar vaastavma gangopadhyay chhe. muslim samrato akbar aneey jahangir dwara temnaa purvaj lakshmikant gangopadhyayne shaahee aneey baadmaa chaudharini padvio aapvama aavee hatee. joba charnoke aaa parivaar pasethi trana gaamo khareedhya hataa. ist india companyna shaasan darmiyan aaa trana gaamo kolkaataa bunny gayaa hataa.pinaki gaangulinaa vartmaan vaastavik vaarasdaar, shridhar gaangulinaa devprasad ganguli, pradeep ganguli, girija shankar ganguli, syaan ganguli aneey arnab ganguli chhe.

ganguli (upnaam) ganguli (jise ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, gangoli yaa gangopadhyay bhee kahaa jaataa haye) ack bangali brahmin jaati kaa ack bhaaratiya parivarik naam haye; yeh "gangele" gangopadhyay (aeye) "gangopadhe" kaa ack roop haye. aitihaasik pustak 'jaati-bhaskar' mein ullekh kiya gayaa haye kii jinhen ballal senaa dwara gangul naamak gaanv mein anudan diyaa gayaa thaa, unhein ganguli (i) kahaa jaataa thaa. ise gangopadhyay bhee kahaa jaataa haye (shaabdik roop seey 'gangaa key aspas key kshetron mein vaidik shikshak') kyonki unhone shikshan (upadhyay) key peshe kaa chayan kiya thaa. ganguli key poorvaj ack sannyasi yaa sant seey hain jinhen savarn muni kahaa jaataa haye, joe bhrigu key parivaar seey sambandhit hain aur iss prakaar sabhi ganguli key paas ack hii savarn gotra haye, aur aur aurav-bhrigu-chyavan-apanuvata-jamadagnya punch (paanch) pravar hain jiska arth haye kii way ack hii paitrik mool seey hain. kolkata key sabarn raay chaudhari parivaar vaastav mein gangopadhyay hain. unake poorvaj lakshmikant gangopadhyay koo muslim samrat akbar aur jahangir dwara raay aur baad mein chaudhari kii upaadhi dee gaee thee. jobb charnock ney iss parivaar seey teen gaanv khareede they. east india company key shasson key dauran yeye teen gaanv kolkata bunn gaye.pinaki ganguli key vartamaan vaastavik rakt uttaradhikari, sridhar ganguli key devprasad ganguli, pradeep ganguli, girija shankar ganguli, saayan ganguli aur arnab ganguli hain.

gangooli (upanaama) gangooli (ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, gangoli athawa gangopadhyay endoo kareyuttaare) embudu bangali brahmina jaatiya bhaaratiya kutumbada hesaraagide; idu gangopadhyay (aa) "gangopadde" yaya roopaantaravaagide. aitihaasika pustaka 'jaati-bhaskara' dalli, gramadalli gangul emba hesarinalli anudaanavannu ballal seeneyinda padedavarannu gangooli (i) endu kareyalaaguttittu endu ullekhisalaagide. avaru bodhaneya vrattiyannu (upadhyay) ayke maadikondiddarinda idannu gangopadhyay (aksarashah 'gangegala suttamuttalina pradeshagalalli vaidika sikshakaru') endoo kareyalaaguttade. gangooligala purvajaru bhrugu kutumbakke serida savarna muni emba sanyasi athawa santarinda bandavaru mattu aaddarinda ellah gangooligalu onde savarna gotravannu hondiddaare, mattu avu onde purvajara mooladinda bandive endartha. koolkattaada sabarna raaya chauduri kutumbavu vaastavaagi gangopadhyayaraddagide. muslim doregalaada akbar mattu jahangir avaru tamma purvaja lakshmikanta gangopadhyayarige raaya mattu nantara chauduri emba birudugalannu niididaru. jaab charnok ee kutumbadinda mooru gramagalannu khareedisittu. eest india kampaniya aalvikeyalli ee mooru gramagalu kolkattadantadavu.sridhar gangooli avara prastuta nijavaada rakta uttaradhikaarigalaada debaprasad gangooli, pradeep gangooli, girija shankar gangooli, sayan gangooli mattu arnab gangooli.

ganguli (kudumbapperu) ganguli (ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, gangoli allengil gangopadhyay ennum ariyappedunnu) oru bangali braahmana jaathiyude oru indian kudumbanamamaanu; ithu "ganguli" gangopadhyay (eiii) "gaangopaadhyaaya" "ennathinte oru vakabhedamaanu. jaathi-bhaskar' enna charithrapusthakatthil ballal seena gangul enna graamatthil graantukal nalkiyavare ganguli (i) ennu vilichathayi paraamarsikkunnu. avar adthyaapana thozhil (upadhyaya) thiranjedutthathinaal gangopadhyay (aksharaarthatthil 'gangaik chuttumulla pradeshangalile veda adhyapakar') ennum vilikkunnu. gaangulikalude poorvvikar bhrigu kudumbatthilppetta savarna muni enna sanyaasiyil ninno sanyaasil ninno ullavaraan, athinaal ellah gaangulikalkkum ore savarna gothravum aurva-bhrigu-chyavana-apnuvatha-jamadagnya pancha (anchu) pravarakalum undu, athaayath avar ore poorvvika verukalil ninnullavaraan. kolkkathayile sabarna roya chauduri kudumbam yadhaarthathil gangopadhyaayaanu. avarude poorvvikanaaya lakshmikaantha gangopaadhyaaykku musleem chakravarthimaaraaya akbar jahangir royiyum pinneedu chauduri enna padaviyum nalki. eee kudumbatthil ninnu job charnock moonnu gramangal vaangiyirunnu. eest india kambaniyude bharanakaalathu eee moonnu graamangalum kolkkathayaayi maari.devaprasad ganguli, pradeep ganguli, girija shankar ganguli, sayen ganguli, arnab ganguli ennivaraanu pinaki ganguliyude ippozhathe yadhaartha rakthaavakaashikalaaya sridhar ganguli.

ganguli (aadnav) ganguli (ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, gangoli kinwa gangopadhyay asehi mhanatat) heey bangali brahman jaatiche bharatiy kautumbik naav aahe; heey 'gangele' gangopadhyay (aaa) 'gangopadhyay' chey eka roop aahe. jaati-bhaskar' yaa aitihasik pustakat ullekh aahe qee jyanna bailsenadware gangul navachya gavat anudan dile gele hote tyanna ganguli (i) mhatale gele. tyanna gangopadhyay (aksharshah 'gangechya sabhovatalachya pradeshatil vaidik shikshak') asehi mhanatat kaaran tyanni adhyapanacha vyavasay (upadhyay) nivadala hota. ganguliche purvaj heey bhrugu kutumbatil asalelya savarn muni navachya sannyashi kinwa sant aahet aanee tyamule serve gangulijanna samaan savarn gotra aanee arvind-bhrugu-chyavan-apnuvata-jamdagnya punch (paach) pravare aahet, mhanje teey ekach purvajanchya mulatil aahet. kolkatache sabarn raay chaudhari kutumb heey pratyakshat gangopadhyay aahet. muslim samrat akbar aanee jahangir yanni tyanchya purvaj lakshmikant gangopadhyay yanna 'roy' aanee nantar 'chaudhari' hii upadhi dilee. jobb charnokne yaa kutumbakadun teen gave vikat ghetali hotee. east india companychya rajvatit hii teen gave kolkata bunley.devprasad ganguli, pradeep ganguli, girija shankar ganguli, sayan ganguli aanee arnab ganguli heey pinaki ganguliche sadhyache pratyaksh rakt varasdar aahet.

ganguli (upanam) ganguli (ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, gangoli wa gangopadhyaya pani bhaninchha) bengali brahman jatiko bharatiya pariwarik naam how; yo "gangele" gangopadhyaya (ae) "gangopadha" ko ek prakar how. aitihasik pustak 'jaati-bhaskar' maa ullekha chha kii ballal sendwara gangul namak gaunma anudan diieko wyaktilai ganguli (i) bhaninchha. yasalai gangopadhyaya pani bhaninchha (shabdik rupma 'ganga warparka kshetraharuma vaidik shikshakharu') kinbhane uniharule adhyapanko pesha (upadhyaya) chayan gare. gangulika purkhaharu bhrigu pariwarka ekjana sanyasi wa santabata aeka hun rar yasari sabai ganguliharuko eutai sawarna gotra rar aruva-bhrigu-chyawan-apanuwat-jamadagnya panch (paanch) prawara hunchha jasko artha tiniharu eutai purkhako mulbata aeka hun. kolkataka sabarna raaya chaudhary pariwar wastawma gangopadhyaya hun. muslim samrata akbar rar jahangirle uniharuka purvaj laxmikanta gangopadhyayalai roya rar pachhi chaudhary upadhi pradan gareka thie. job charnokle yass pariwarbata tinawata gaaun kineka thie. yee tinawata gaaunharu east india companyko shasankalma kolkata bane.pinaki gangulika wartaman wastawik rakta uttaradhikari, sridhar gangulika debprasad ganguli, pradeep ganguli, girija shankar ganguli, sayan ganguli rar arnab ganguli hun.

ganguli (upanama) ganguli (ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, gangoli kimba gangopadhyaja madhya kuhajae) eka bangeeja brahmin jaatira eka bharatiah paribarika naama; ehaa "gangopadhyaja" (qa) "gangopadhyaja" rahr eka prakara. aitihasika pustaka 'jaati-bhaskar' ray ullekha rahichhi je, jeunmananku gangula namaka graamare anudan diajaithila, semananku ballal sena ganguli (i) bolly kahuthile. ehaaku gangopadhyaja (aakhyarika arthare 'ganga akhpakh anchalare baidika sikhyaka') madhya kuhajae kaaran semane sikhyadana brutti (upadhyaja) chayan karithile. gangulinka purbapurushamane bhrugu paribarara jane saadhu baa santha, jahanku sabharana muni kuhajae, ebong tenu samasta gangulinkara samaana sabharana gotra ebong araba-bhrugu-chyaban-apanubata-jamadagnya pancha (pancha) prabara rahichhi, jahara artha semane samaana paitruka moolaru aasichanti. kolkatara suburn raiah chaudhuri paribara prakrutare gangopadhyaja. musalman samrat aakbar ebong jahangiranka dwara semananka purbapurusha laxmikant gangopadhyajanku raiya ebong parey chaudhari upadhi pradan karajaithila. jaba charnock ehi paribaratharu tinoti gramm kinithile. east india companyra shasson kaalare ehi tinoti gramm kolakatare parinata hoithila.pinaki gangulinka barttamanara prakruta rakta uttaradhikari, sridhar ganguli heuchhanti debaprasada ganguli, pradeep ganguli, girija sankara ganguli, sayan ganguli ebong arnaba ganguli.

gangali (upnam) gangali (jiss noon ganguli, ganguli, gangli, gangoli jaan gangopadhyay vee kiha jaanda haii) ikk bangali brahman jaati daa ikk bharti parivarak naam haii; ih "gangle" gangopadhyay (aii) "gangopadhaye" daa ikk roop haii. itihasak pustak 'jaati-bhaskar' witch zikar keeta giaa haii kii jinhan noon pind witch gangul naam dee grant ditti gaee see, unhan noon ballal saina duaara gangali (i) kiha jaanda see. iss noon gangopadhyay (shabdik taur utte 'ganga dey aale-duaale dey khetran witch vaidik adhiaapak') vee kiha jaanda haii kiunki unhan neey adhiaapan (upadhiaae) dey peshe dee chonh keeti see. gangaliaan dey purvaj ikk sant jaan sant hunn, jinhan noon swarn munee kiha jaanda haii, joe bhagu dey parivaar naal sabandhat hunn atey iss tarahan saare ganguliaan daa ikko swarn gotra haii, atey aurav-bhagu-chiaan-apnuvta-jamadganya punch (panj) pravar hunn, jisda arth haii kii uh ikko jaddi jadah toon hunn. kolkata daa sabarna raae chaudhari parivaar asal witch gangopadhyay haii. musalman badshahan akbar atey jahangir duaara uhanan dey purvaj lakshmikant gangopadhyay noon rabb atey baad witch chaudhari daa khitaab ditta giaa see. job charnock neey iss parivaar toon tinn pind kharide sunn. ih tinnon pind east india company dey shasan dauran kolkata bann gaye.pinaki ganguli dey maujuda asal khoon dey vaaras, sridhar ganguli dey devprasad ganguli, pardeep ganguli, girija shankar ganguli, sayan ganguli atey arnab ganguli hunn.

gaangulee (upanaama) gaangulee (gaangulee, gaangulee, gaangulee, gangoli, gangoli athavaa gangopaadhyaay iti api kathyate) iti bangali-braahman-jaatyaah bhaarateey-kulasya naam asti; etat "gangele" gangopadhyayasya (a) "gangopadhyaye" ityasya bhinnaroopam asti. aitihaasikagranthe 'jaati-bhaskar' ityasmin ullekhah asti yat, yaan gangula-naamak-graame ballalasena ityanena anudaanam dattam, te gaangulee (i) iti namna prasidhaah aasan iti. api cha, gangopadhyayaha (shaabdikaroopen 'gangayaha paritah pradesheshu vaidika-shikshakaah') iti api kathyate, yatah te adhyaapan-vruttim (upadhyayaha) chitavantah. gaangulee-vamshasya poorvajaah bhrugu-kulasya savarnamuni-namakasya sanyaasih athavaa santah santi, ataha sarveshu gaangulee-vamshasya samaanah savarna-gotraha asti, tathaa cha aurva-bhrugu-chyavana-apnuvata-jamadagnya-pancha (pancha) pravaraah santi, arthaat te samanasya purvaja-mulat santi. kolkataa-nagarasya sabarnaraay-chaudharee-parivaarah vastutah gangopadhyayaha asti. muslim-samraat-akbar-jahangir-ityetebhyah teshaam poorvajaah lakshmikanta-gangopadhyayaya raya-chaudharee iti upadhayah pradattau. jaab chaarnok ityanena asya parivaaraat trayah graamaah kreetaah aasan. east india kampanee ityasya shasanakale etaani trayah graamaah kolkataa-nagaraani abhavan.pinaki-gaangulee ityasya vartamaanasya vaastavika-rakta-uttaraadhikaari, shreedhar-gaangulee ityasya devaprasaada-gaangulee, pradeepa-gaangulee, girijaa-shankar-gaangulee, sayan-gaangulee, arnab-gaangulee cha santi.

ganguli (kudumbappeyar) ganguli (ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, gangoli allathu gangopadhyay endrum azhaikkappadukirathu) enbathu oru vangkaala piraamana saathiyin inthiya kudumbap peyar; idhu "gangel" gangopadhyay (auuu) "gangopatta" inn oru maarupaadu aagum. varalaattru puththagamaana 'jathi-bashkar', pallal senawal gangul endra kiraamaththil maaniyangkal vazhangkappattavargal ganguli (i) endru azhaikkappattanar endru kurippidugiradhu. avarkal karpiththal thozhilai (upadhyay) thaerntheduththathaal, idhu gangopadhya (unmaiyil 'gangai suttriyulla pakuthikalil ulla vaetha aasiriyargal') endrum azhaikkappadukirathu. gangkuligalin moothaathaiyarkal savarna muni endru azhaikkappadum oru thuravi allathu thuraviyaich saernthavargal, avarkal priku kudumbaththaich saernthavargal, enavae anaitthu gangkuligalukkum oray savarna gotra ullathu, maelum avarkal oray moothaathaiyar moolaththilirunthu vanththavargal endru porulpadum oru aarva-priku-syavana-abnuwata-jamadagnya panja (ainthu) piravaarargal. kolkaththaavin sabarna raai savuduri kudumbam unmaiyil gangopadhyay aagum. avarkalin moothaathaiyar latchumikaantha gangopaathyaaikku muslim beararasargalaana akbar mattrum jahangir aakiyoaraal raai mattrum pinnar southuri endra pattangkal vazhangkappattana. inththa kudumbaththilirunthu moontru kiraamangalai sarnok vaankinaar. kizhakkindhiya kambeniyin aatchiyin poathu inththa moontru kiraamangalum kolkaththaavaaga maariyathu.pinaki ganguliyin tharpoothaiya unmaiyana iraththa vaarisaana sreethar ganguli, debaprasad ganguli, pradeep ganguli, kirija sankar ganguli, sayan ganguli mattrum arnab ganguli aavar.

gaanguli (intiperu) ganguli (ganguli, ganguli, ganguli, gangoli ledhaa gangopadhyay anie kooda pilustaaru) anedi bengali braahmana kulaniki chendina bharatiya kutumba paeru; idhi "gangle" gangopadhyay (eah) "gangopadhyay" yokka roopaantaram. chaaritraka pustakam 'jaathi-bhaskar' loe, graamamlo gangul anae paerutoe, ballah saena dwara manjuru cheyabadina vaarini ganguli (i) anie pilicheevaarani paerkonnaaru. vaaru bodhana vruttini (upadhyaya) enchukunnanduna, dheenini gangopadhyay (aksharala 'gangala chuttoo unna praantaalalo vaeda upaadhyaayulu') anie kooda pilustaaru. gaanguleela puurveekulu bhrugu kutumbaaniki chendina savarna muni anie piluvabade sanyasi ledhaa sadhuvu nundi vacchaaru, anduvalla gangululandarikee oke savarna gotram, mariyu aurva-bhrugu-chyavana-apnuvata-jamadagnya pancha (aidu) pravarlu unnaayi, antey vaaru oke puurveeka muulaaniki chendinavaaru. kolkata sabarna raay chauduri kutumbam vaastavaaniki gangopadhyay. vaari puurveekulu lakshmikanta gangopadhyayaku muslim chakravartulu akbar mariyu jahangir raay mariyu taruvaata chauduri birudulanu pradaanam chesaaru. jaab charnok eee kutumbam nundi moodu gramalanu konugolu chesindi. eest india company paalanalo eee moodu gramalu kolkata ayyayi.pinaki gangooleeki prastuta nijamaina rakta varasudu, sridhar gangooleelu debaprasad ganguli, pradeep ganguli, girija shankar ganguli, sayan ganguli mariyu arnab ganguli.

gangoli (kaneet) gangoli (jasay gangoli gangoli gangoli gangoli yaa gangopadhiyae bhee kahaa jaataa hay) bangali brahman zaat kaa eek hindustani khaandaani naam hay. yaha "ganglay" gangopadhiyae (aaa) "gangopadhi" kaa eek mukhtalif qasm hay. tarikhi kitaab 'jaati bhashkar' mein zakar kiyaa gayaa hay kahh jinn logon kuu gaaon mein gangol naami grant dee gayee thee inhein baalaal seena nay gangoli (i) kahaa thaa. asay gangopadhi (lafzi toor parr 'gangaa kay aas paas kay elaqon mein waidak asatazah') bhee kahaa jaataa hay keunkah inhon nay tadris (apadhiyae) kay paishay kaa intekhaab kiyaa thaa. gangoliyon kay aabao ajdaad eek sunat yaa sunat say haine jasay soren manee kahaa jaataa hay jinn kaa taaluq bhegho kay khaandaan say hay aur iss tarah tamaam gangoliyon kaa sawran gotar eek hyee hay aur aurva-bhegho-chiyana-apnovata-jamadguniya pinch (paanch) parwara jiss kaa matlab hay kahh wah eek hyee aabayi judd say haine. kolkata kay sabran raaye chodhori khaandaan darasil gangopadhiyae haine. inn kay aabao ajdaad lakshami kaanta gangopadhiyae kuu muslim shahanshah akbar aur jahangir nay raail aur baad mein chodori kay laqab say nawaza. jaab charnok nay iss khaandaan say teen gaaon khareede thay. yaha teenon gaaon aist indiya company kay door hukumat mein kolkata bunn gayey.panki gangoli kay maujudah haqeeqi khoon kay waaris sharee dhar gangoli kay haine deeba parsaad gangoli pardeep gangoli greeja shankar gangoli seeyan gangoli aur arnab gangoli.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21929436

CXVII

CXVII

sii. ex. vii. aii

see. acks. vee. aaee.

fffd83c0166c2cc3693192fb9f7d6bb0b33b6caa72699bec5043ec89dc29f672

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4327658

Kappa Gamma Delta

Kappa Gamma Delta Professional pre-medical sorority Kappa Gamma Delta () is a professional college sorority for women studying medicine and related professions. History. Founding. Kappa Gamma Delta began during the winter quarter of 1993 at the University of California, Davis when students Charlene Tran and Marge Lee envisioned a professional sorority that would provide support for women during the premedical process. They and 10 other women made up the founding class of 12 scholars. Tran and Lee received help from Sigma Mu Delta, a premedical fraternity. During the first meeting on March 3, 1994, in the lounge of Temescal apartments in Davis, twelve women—Maricris Belisario, Chong Choe, Mindy Compton, Pamela Hy, Marge Lee, Kathy Pham, Jennifer Skinkle (now Jennifer Schwartz), Charlene Tran, Gwen Tran, Aileen Tieu, Carolyn Trieu, and Julie Tse—committed themselves to the responsibility and dedication in the construction of this new sorority. With its founding, Kappa Gamma Delta became the first premedical sorority in the United States of America. Expansion. In Spring 2002, Kappa Gamma Delta was established at the University of California, Berkeley with the initiation efforts of Jo Ann Etorma and Annie Khan, members of the University of California, Davis chapter. In the Winter of 2006, members of the University of California, Davis chapter, Sabrina Silva and Judy J. He, established the University of California, Santa Cruz chapter. Briefly, Kappa Gamma Delta was a co-ed fraternity at California State University Sacramento, before returning to a female-only program. Chapters. Chapter list from the national website. Active chapters noted in bold, inactive chapters noted by "italics." Symbolism and traditions. The first Coat-of-Arms consisted of an open book, a haystack, the sorority flower, the female symbol, and an Oil lamp. The haystack was later replaced by a torch surrounded by several rings. The founders chose the sorority symbol to be the caduceus, wings, and the female symbol. The sorority song and oath were adopted on June 10, 1994. The constitution was affirmed May 30, 1994. While participating in service projects such as the Bay to Breakers and various symposia such as "Life During and After Medical School," the women of Kappa Gamma Delta developed their motto, "Service to Humanity". Kappa Gamma Delta's "Sorority Song" was written by Jennifer Skinkle and Charlene Tran: "Kappa Gamma Delta,"<br> "Sisterhood Forever."<br> "Educating our Future,"<br> "Trusting each other"<br> "To make our dreams come true."<br> "Service to Humanity,"<br> "We learn responsibility."<br> "With inspiration from our sisters"<br> "Doctors we will be." References. <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

kappa gaama bob-dip kappa gaama delta () hoise sikitsa aaru xomporkiyo britti odhyoyon koraa mohilaxokolor baabe ek pesadari mohabidyaloy cho "ruriti. itihax. protistha koraa. 1993 sonor xitkalin soturthangxot debhisor california biswobidyaloyot kappa gaama bob-dip aarombho hoisil jetiya saatro-chatri charlin traan aaru marj leeye ek pesadari cho "ruritir kolpona korisil ji praak-sikitsa prokriyar xomoyot mohilaxokolor baabe xomorthon prodan koribo. teuluk aaru aan 10 goraki mohilai 12 goraki ponditor protisthapok shreni gothon korisil. traan aaru leeye praak-sikitsa xomproday sigma mu bob-dipor poraa xohay laabh korisil. 1994 sonor 3 marchot debhisor temescal apartmentor launjot onusthito prothom boithokot barjon mohila-maricoris belisario ", song su, mindy compton, pamela haai, marj lee, kethi fame, jenifer skinkle (bortoman jenifer swowartz), charlin traan, gowen traan, aailin taiu, kerulin triyu aaru julie che-ei notun cho" ruriti nirmanor dayitwo aaru xomorponor proti daybodho hoisil. iyar protisthar loge loge kappa gaama bob-dip aamerika juktorastror prothom praak-sikitsa xombondhiyo cho "ruriti hoi porisil. xomproxaron. 2002 sonor boxontokalot, california biswobidyaloyor xodosyo ju eno itoroma aaru eni khaanor dikhya prochestare barkler california biswobidyaloyot kappa gaama bob-dip sthapon koraa hoisil; aaru 2006 sonor xitkalot, california biswobidyaloy, xanta krujot judie je-ror dikhya prochestare. teu aaru debhis septoror california biswobidyaloyor xodosyo chabrina silva. kappa gaama bob-dipou kichu xomoyor baabe california rajyik biswobidyaloyor xongoskoronor xoho-xompadokiyo bhatritwo aasil. odhyayxomuh. rastriyo websitor poraa odhyayor talika. italik" ror dwara ullekh koraa gaarh, niskriyo odhyayxomuhot ullekh koraa xokriyo odhyayxomuh." protikbad aaru porompora. prothom kutt-owo-aarmot ekhon mukoli kitap, etaa gorur stup, cho "ruriti ful, mohilar protik aaru etaa telor deewa aasil. pisot gorur stuptu keibatau brittore aaguri thoka etaa moxalor dwara xoloni koraa hoisil. protisthapokxokole cho "ruriti protiktu kedusis, uingxo aaru mohila protik hisape basoni korisil. 1994 sonor 10 junot cho "ruriti geet aaru xopot grohon koraa hoisil. xongbidhantu 1994 sonor 30 mey" too nischito koraa hoisil. bey tu breakersor dore xewa prokolpo aaru "sikitsa bidyaloyor xomoyot aaru pisot jiwan" ror dore bibhinno alusonasokrot ongxogrohon korar xomoyot kappa gaama bob-dipor mohilaxokole teulukor mulmontro "manobotar xewa" bikoxito korisil. kappa gaama bob-dipor "cho" ruriti geet "jenifer skinkle aaru charlin trane likhisiloh "kappa gaama bob-dip", <bro> "bhognitwo sirkalor baabe."<braa> "aamar bhobisyotok xikhyito koraa", <braa.> "ijone xijonok biswax koraa" <br> "aamar xopunbur bastowayito koriboloi."<braa> "manobotar xewa", <br> "aami dayitwoxil hoh" boloi xikisu."<braa> "aamar bhognixokolor poraa onuprerona loi" <br> "aami sikitsok hoh 'moo."

kappa gaama bow-dweep kappa gaama delta (Каppa гама телта) holl chikitsa ebong somporkito pesha adhyayanrata mohilader jonno ekti peshadar college sorority. itihas. protistha. 1993 saaler shitkalin troimasike deviser california bishwobidyaloye kappa gaama bow-dweep shuru hoy jokhon charlin trana ebong marge ly emon ekti peshadar sororityr kalpana korechilen jaa praka-chikitsa prokriya chalakalin mohilader sahayata pradan korbe. taanra ebong arow 10 john mohila 12 john ponditer protisthata shreni gathon korechilen. trana ebong ly sigma moo bow-dweeper kachh theke sahajyo peyechilen, jaa ekti praka-chikitsa bhratritto. 1994 saaler 3raa march deviser temescal apartmenter lounge 12 john mohila-mericris belisario, chong choo, mindy compton, pamela hye, marge ly, cathy fyama, jennifer skinkle (ekhon jennifer shoartz), charlin trana, guen trana, ailin taiu, caroline triu ebong julie seey-eyi notun sorority nirmaner dayitto oo utsarger proti protishrutiboddho hohn. protisthar saathe saathe, kappa gaama bow-dweep markin juktorashtrer prothom praka-chikitsa sorority hoye othe. samprasaran. 2002 saaler bosonte, california vishwavidyalaya, barklete jooe ayana itorma ebong annie khaaner prochestar prochestai kappa gaama bow-dweep protisthito hoy, california bishwobidyaloyer davies adhyayer sadasya; ebong 2006 saaler shitkale, judy jeey-err prochestar prochestai california vishwavidyalaya, santa kruz-ayee. tini ebong sebrina silva, university off california, davids adhyayer sadasya. kappa gaama bow-dweepo alpo somoyer jonno california steta university sacramentote ekti soho-sompadok bhratritto chhilo. adhyay. jatiya website theke adhyayer talika. sakriya adhyayguli "italic" dwara ullikhito gaadh, nishkriya adhyaygulite ullekh koraa hoyeche." protikbad ebong oitijhyo. prothom coat-off-arms ekti khola boi, ekti khader stupo, sorority phul, mohila protik ebong ekti teler pradeep niye gothito chhilo. porey khader stupti besh koyekti ring dwara beshtito ekti moshal dwara protisthapito hoyechilo. protisthatara caducius, danna ebong mohila protik hisabe sorority protikti beche niyechilen. 1994 saaler 10ee june sorority gaan ebong shopoth grihito hoy. sangbidhanti 1994 saaler 30shhey meey nischito koraa hoy. beey too breaker ebong "medicale skooler somoy ebong porey jeebon"-err moto bivinno symposia ongshogrohoner somoy kappa gaama bow-dweeper mahilara taader mulmantra "manobotar seba" gadey tulechilen. kappa gaama bow-dweeper "sorority gaan" likhechen jennifer skinkle ebong charlin tranh "kappa gaama bow-dweep", <br> "chirokaler jonno boone."<br> "amader bhabishyatke shikkhito koraa",> "eke oporke biswas koraa> "amader swapnake bastobayito korar jonno."<br> "manobotar seba", <br> "amra dayitto nitey shikhi."<br> "amader bonder kachh theke anuprerana niye> "amra daktar hobo."

kappa gaama delta kappa gaama delta () aee tabibi aneey sambandhit vyavasaayono abhyaas karatee maheelao maate aek vyaavsaayik college sorority chhe. itihas. sthaapnaa. kappa gaama delta 1993naa shiyaalu quarter darmiyan university off california, davis khaate sharoo thayo hato, jyaare vidhyarthio charleen traan aneey marge leeae aek vyaavsaayik sororityni kalpanaa curry hatee jeey purv-tabibi prakriyaa darmiyan mahilaaone teko aapshe. teo aneey anya 10 mahilaaoae 12 vidhyanona sthaapak vargnee rachnaa curry hatee. traan aneey leene sigma muu delta, aek purv-tabibi samudaay pasethi madad malee hatee. 3 march, 1994naa roj devisamaa tempescal apartmentnaa loungemaa pratham bethak darmiyan, baar maheelao-maricris belisario, chong choo, mindy compton, pamela haay, marge lii, kethee phema, jennifer skinkle (havey jennifer schwartz), charleen traan, gwen, ilean tye, kerolin triu aneey julie tse-aaa navee sororityna nirmanma javabdari aneey samarpan maate potaane pratibaddh curry hatee. tenee sthaapnaa saathe, kappa gaama delta united states off americama pratham premedical sorority bunny hatee. vistaran. 2002nee vasantrutumaa, california university, berklema jooe aena attorma aneey aenee khaan, california universityna sabhyo, davis prakaranna praarambhik prayaaso saathe kappa gaama deltani sthaapnaa karvaamaa aavee hatee; aneey shiyaalaamaa 2006maan, university off california, santa cruzemaa judie jeey. naa praarambhik prayaaso saathe. teey aneey sabarinaa silva, university off california, davis prakaranna sabhyo. kappa gaama delta pann thodaa samay maate california state university secramentomaa saha-sampaadak samudaay hato. prakarano. raashtriy website parthee prakaranni yaadee. sakreey prakaranoni nondh "transa aksharo" dwara nondhaayela bolled, nishkreey prakaranomaa karvaamaa aavee chhe." prateekvaad aneey paramparaao. pratham qota-off-armsmaan aek khullu pustak, aek ghaasno dhhaankan, sorority phool, stree prateek aneey telno deevo saamel hato. ghaasnaa dhagalaane paachhalthi anek vinteeothee gheraayeli mashaal dwara badalvama aavee hatee. sthaapakoae sorority prateekne caducius, paankho aneey stree prateek tareeke pasand karyoo. sorority geet aneey shapath 10 juuna, 1994naa roj apnavvama aavyaa hataa. bandharanni pushti 30 meey, 1994naa roj karvaamaa aavee hatee. beey too breakers aneey "tabibi shaala darmiyan aneey pachhinu jeevan" jevee viveedh parisamvaadomaa bhaag letee vakhate, kappa gaama deltani mahilaaoae temnu sootra, "manavtani sevaa" vikasaavyu hatoo. kappa gaama deltaanu "sorority geet" jennifer skinkle aneey charleen traan dwara lakhvaamaa aavyu hatuh "kappa gaama delta", <br> "bahenpani kaayam maate."<bii. aar.> "aapana bhavishyane shikshit karavu", <br> "aekbeeja parr vishvaas karoo> "aapana sapnaaone sakaar karvaa maate."<bii. aar.> "manavtani sevaa", <br> "aapane javabdari sheekhiae chhiae."<bii. aar.> "amaari bahenoni prernaa saathe> "amey doctoro banishu."

kappa gaama delta kappa gaama delta (Ката гама сороти) chikitsa aur sambandhit vyavsaayon kaa adhyayan karane vaali mahilaaon key liye ack peshevar college sorority haye. itihas. sthaapana. kappa gaama delta 1993 kii sheetkaleen timahi key dauran california vishvavidyalaya, davis mein shuru huaa jaba chhatron ney charleen train aur marge lii ney ack peshevar sorority kii kalpana kii joe poorv chikitsa prakriya key dauran mahilaaon koo sahaayata pradaan karegi. way aur 10 anya mahilaaon ney 12 vidvaanon key sansthaapak varg kaa gathan kiya. traan aur lii koo sigma myu delta seey madad millie, joe ack poorv-chikitsa biradari thee. 3 march, 1994 koo davis mein temescal apartment key lounge mein pahali baithak key dauran, baarah mahilaaon-maricris belisario, chong chou, mindy compton, pamela haye, marge lii, kaithi faim, jennifer skinkle (abb jennifer schwartz), charlen train, gwen train, aileen tayu, carolin triu aur juulii tse-ney iss naee sorority key nirmaan mein jimmedaari aur samarpan key liye khud koo pratibaddh kiya. apani sthaapana key saath, kappa gaama delta sanyukt raajya america mein pahala poorv-chikitsa sorori bunn gayaa. vistaar. vasant 2002 mein, kappa gaama delta kii sthaapana california vishvavidyalaya, berkley mein california vishvavidyalaya, davis chapter key sadasyon, joe aine atorma aur annie khaan key praarambhik prayason key saath kii gaee thee; aur sardiyon 2006 mein, california vishvavidyalaya, saanta cruze mein judie jey key praarambhik prayason key saath. vaha aur sabrina silva, california vishvavidyalaya, davis chapter key sadasya. kappa gaama delta kuchh samay key liye california raajya vishvavidyalaya sanskar mein ack saha-sampaadak biradari bhee thee. adhyaay. rashtriya website seey adhyaay soochi. sakriya adhyaayon koo "itailik" dwara ullikhit motey, nishkriya adhyaayon mein nott kiya gayaa haye." prateekvaad aur paramparaaen. pahale coat-off-arms mein ack khuli kitab, ack ghaas kaa dher, sorority phool, mahila prateek aur ack tail kaa deepak shamil thaa. ghaas key dher koo baad mein kaee chhallon seey ghiri mashal seey badal diyaa gayaa. sansthapakon ney sorority prateek koo caducius, pankh aur mahila prateek key roop mein chunaa. sorority geet aur shapath koo 10 juuna, 1994 koo apanaaya gayaa thaa. samvidhaan kii pushti 30 maee, 1994 koo kii gaee thee. bey too breaker jaisi seva pariyojanaon aur "medical school key dauran aur baad mein jeevan" jaisi vibhinn sangoshthiyon mein bhaag lete hue, kappa gaama delta kii mahilaaon ney apana aadarsh vaakya, "manavata kii seva" vikasit kiya. kappa gaama delta kaa "sorority geet" jennifer skinkle aur charleen traan dwara likhaa gayaa thaah "kappa gaama delta", <bee. aar.> "bahan hamesha key liye."<bee. aar.> "hamaare bhavishya koo shikshit karna",> "ack dusare parr bharosa karna> "hamaare sapanon koo sach karane key liye."<bee. aar.> "manavata kii seva", <br> "humm jimmedaari seekhate hain."<bee. aar.> "hamari bahanon seey prerana key saath> "humm doctor honge."

kappa gaama delta kappa gaama delta () vaidyakeeya mattu sambandhita vrattigalannu adhyayana maaduva mahileyarige vruttipara kaaleju sororitiyagide. itihaasa. sthaapane. 1993rahra chaligaalada traimasikadalli california vishvavidyaalayadalli, davisonalli praarambhavaada kappa gaama deltaadalli vidyaarthigalu charlen tron mattu marge lea avaru purva vaidyakeeya prakriyeyalli mahileyarige bembalavannu odagisuva vruttipara sororitiyannu kalpisikondiddaru. avaru mattu itara 10 mahileyaru 12 vidvaamsara sthapaka vargavannu rachisidaru. tron mattu lea avaru purva vaidyakeeya bhratrutvavada sigma muu deltaadinda sahayavannu padedaru. march 3,1994 randu nadeda modala sabheyalli, davisna temescal apartmentgala kooneyalli, hanneradu mahileyaru-maricris belisario, chong choo, maindi compton, pamela hye, marge lea, cathy phaam, jennifer skinkle (eega jennifer schwartz), charleen tron, gwen, aileen tye, caroline triu mattu joolie tse-ee hosa sorority nirmaanadalli jawabdari mattu samarpanege tammannu taavu baddhagolisikondaru. adara sthaapaneyondige, kappa gaama delta united states off americadalli modala purva vaidyakeeya sororitiyaayitu. vistaraneyaayitu. 2002rahra vasanta rtuvinalli, california vishvavidyaanilayada sadasyaraada zoo aun etorma mattu anni khaan, california vishvavidyaanilayada davis adhyaayada sadasyara prayatnagalondige berkley california vishvavidyaalayadalli kappa gaama deltavannu sthaapisalaayitu; mattu chaligaaladalli chaligaaladalli, california vishvavidyaanilayadalli, judie zhe. avaru mattu sabrina silva, california vishvavidyaalayada sadasyaru, davis adhyaya. kappa gaama delta saha california raajya vishvavidyaalayada pavitra granthadalli alpavadhiya saha-sampaadaka bhratrutvavagittu. adhyayagalu. rashtriya jaalataanadinda adhyaayada patti. italyx" ninda gurutisalpatta dappa, nishkriya adhyayagalalli sakriya adhyayagalannu gurutisalaagide." sanketa mattu sampradaayagalu. modala coat-off-armsnalli tereda pustaka, hullugavalu, sorority hoovu, stree chihne mattu taila deepawittu. nantara hullugaavalugalannu halavaaru unguragalinda suttuvarida mashaaleyinda badalaayisalaayitu. samsthaapakaru sorority sanketavannu caducius, rekkegalu mattu stree chihneyagi ayke maadidaru. sorority haadu mattu pramaanavannu zoon 10,1994 randu angeekarisalaayitu. samvidhaanavannu mayee 30,1994 randu drudhikarisalaayitu. bay tuu brekargalantaha sewa yojanegalalli mattu "vaidyakeeya shaleya samayadalli mattu nantara jeevana" dantaha vividha vichaaragoshthigalalli bhagavahisuvaga, kappa gaama deltaada mahileyaru "maanaveeyatege seve" emba tamma dhyeyavaakyavannu abhivraddhipadisidaru. kappa gaama deltaada "sorority haadu" yannu jennifer skinkle mattu charleen tron barediddaareh "kappa gaama delta", <br> "sahodaratva shaashvatavaagi."<br> "namma bhavishyavannu shikshanagolisuvudu",> "obbarannobbaru nambuvudu> "namma kanasugalannu nanasagisalu."<br> "maanaveeyatege seve",> "naavu javaabdaariyannu kaliyutteve."<br> "namma sahodariyara sphoortiyondige> "naavu vaidyaru agutteve."

kappa gama tribhuj pradesh kappa gama delta () hii vaidyakeey aanee sambandhit vyavasayancha abhyas abhyas mahilansathi eka vyavsayik mahavidhyalayin sanstha aahe. itihas. sthapana. california vidyapith, davis yethe 1993 chya hiwali timahit kappa gama tribhuj pradeshachi suruvat jhaali, jevha charleen tran aanee marge lii yaa vidyarthyanni vaidyakiyapoorv prakriyedarmyan mahilanna aadhar aadhar vyavsayik sororitichi kalpana kelee. teey aanee itar 10 mahilanni 12 vidvanancha sansthapak varg tayar keela. tran aanee lii yanna sigma myu delta yaa purvavaidhyakiy bandhupasoon madat midali. 3 march 1994 roji devismadhil temescal sadnikanchya vishramgruhat jhalelya pahilya baithakit, maricris belisario, chong choo, mindy compton, pamela hye, marge lii, cathy pham, jennifer skinkle (aata jennifer schwartz), charlen tran, gwen tran, eyeleen tayu, carolin triu aanee jyuli tse yaa baaraa mahilanni yaa naveen sororitichya bandhkamatil jababdari aanee samarpanasathi swatahla vachanbaddha kele. tyachya sthapanesah, kappa gama delta hii united states auph amerikemadhil pahili premedical sorority bunley. vistar. 2002 chya vasant rutumadhye, california vidyapith, berkley yethe joou aine etorma aanee enee khaan, california vidyapithache sadasya, davis chapterchya prarambhik prayatnansah kappa gama deltachi sthapana karnyat aalee; aanee 2006 chya hivalyat, california vidyapithat, santa cruze yethe judy jeey. chya prarambhik prayatnansah. too aanee sabrina silva, california vidyapithache sadasya, davis adhyay. kappa gama delta haah california rajya vidyapithachya sanskaratil saha-sampadak bandhutva dekhil alp kalasathi hota. adhyay. rashtriy sanketsthalavarun adhyayachi yadee. trikoni aksharanni nondavalelya thalak, nishkriy adhyayanmadhye nondavalele sakriy adhyay." pratikatmakata aanee parampara. pahilya hatanchya kotmadhye eka ughade pustak, eka gavat, sorority phool, maadee chinh aanee telacha diwa yancha samavesh hota. nantar gavatanchya gavatanchya anek vartulanni vedhalelya mashalane tyachi jaaga ghetali. sansthapakanni sororitiche chinh caducius, pankh aanee stree prateek mhanoon nivadle. sorority gaane aanee shapath 10 juuna 1994 roji swikaranyat aalee. sanvidhanala 30 meey 1994 roji pushti denyat aalee. beey too breaker sarkhya seva prakalpanmadhye aanee 'vaidyakeey shaledarmyan aanee nantarche jeevan' yasarkhya vividh parisanvadanmadhye sahbhagi hott asatana, kappa gama tribhuj pradeshatil mahilanni 'manavatechi seva' heey tyanche bodhvakya vikasit kele. kappa gama deltache "sorority gaane" jennifer skinkle aanee charleen tran yanni lihile hoteh "kappa gama delta", <bii. aar.> "aajee-aajoba kayamche."<bii. aar.> "aaplya bhavishyala shikshit karane", <br> "ekmekanvar vishvas thevane> "aapali swapne satyat utaravanyasathi."<bii. aar.> "manavatechi seva", <br> "aapan jababdari shikato."<bii. aar.> "aamchya bahininkadun prerana gheuun> "aamhi doctor houu."

kappa gama delta kappa gama delta () chikitsa rar sambandhit pesa adhyayan garne mahilaharuka lagi ek wyawasayik college sorority how. itihas. sthapana. kappa gama delta sann 1993 ko jado traimasikma california vishwavidyalaya, devisma suru bhayo jab vidyarthiharu charlen tran rar marge lile ek wyawasayik sororitiko kalpana gare jasle mahilaharulai purva chikitsa prakriyako samayama samarthan pradan gardacha. uniharu rar anya 10 zana mahilaharule 12 zana widwanharuko sansthapak warga banae. tran rar lile sigma mu delta, ek purva-chikitsa bhratritwabata sahayog prapta gare. march 3,1994 maa devisko temescal apartmentko launzama bhaeko pahilo baithakma bahra zana mahila-mericris belisario, chong cho, mindy compton, pamela hai, marge lea, cathy fam, jennifer skinkle (ahile jennifer schwartz), charlen tran, gwen tran, ailin tiu, caroline triu rar julie sey-ley yass nayan sororitiko nirmanma jimmewari rar samarpanma afulai pratibadha parey. yasako sthapanasangai, kappa gama delta sanyukta rajya americako pahilo premedical sorority banyo. wistar. wasanta 2002 maa, kappa gama delta california vishwavidyalaya, berklema jo enn atorma rar annie khaan, california vishwavidyalayaka sadasyaharu, devis adhyayako diksha prayaska sath sthapit bhaeko thiyo; rar jado 2006 maa, california vishwavidyalayama, santa kruj judy jey ko diksha prayaska sath. uni rar sabarina silva, university aff california, devis chepterka sadasyaharu. kappa gama delta pani chhoto samayaka lagi california rajya vishwavidyalaya sanskarma saha-sampadak bhratritwa thiyo. adhyayharu. rashtriya websitebata adhyaya suchi. sakriya adhyayharu "italikharu" dwara note garieka bold, nishkriya adhyayaharuma note garieka chhan." pratikatmakta rar parampara. pahilo kote-aff-armama khula pustak, ghaansko stack, sorority full, mahila pratik rar telko batti samawesh thiyo. ghaansko stacklai pachhi dheraiwata ringsle gherieko mashalle pratisthapan gareko thiyo. sansthapakharule caducius, wings rar mahila pratikka rupma sorority pratik roje. sorority geet rar shapath june 10,1994 maa apanaieko thiyo. sanvidhan mey 30,1994 maa pushti garieko thiyo. bey too breaker jasta sewa pariyojanaharu rar "medical schoolko samayama rar pachhi jiwan" jasta vibhinna symposiama bhag lindai, kappa gama deltaka mahilaharule afno adarsha wakya "manawatako sewa" vikas gare. kappa gama deltako "sorority geet" jennifer skinkle rar charlen trandwara lekhieko thiyoh "kappa gama delta", <br> "sadaka lagi bahini."<bra> "hamro bhawishyalai shikshit gardai", <br> "ekarkalai vishwas gardai" <br> "hamro sapana sakar garna."<bra> "manawatako sewa", <br> "hammy jimmewari sikna sakchaun."<bra> "hamra bahiniharubata preranaka sath" <br> "doctorharu hammy hunechhaun."

kappa gamma trikonabhumi kappa gamma delta (Каppa γама телта) heuchhi daktari ebong aanusangika brutti adhyajana karuthiba mahilanka paain eka bruttigata college sororiti . itihas. pratistha. 1993rahr shitakalina traimasikare devis rahr california biswabidyalajare kappa gamma trikonabhumi arambha hoithila, jetebele chhatra charlyn tran ebong marge ly eka pesadara sororitira kalpana karithile jaahaa prack-chikitsa prakriya samajare mahilamananku sahajata pradan kariba. semane ebong anya 10 john mahila 12 john bidwananku nei pratisthata shreni gathan karithile. tran ebong lea sigma muu delta, eka prack-chikitsa bhratrutwa thaaru sahajya paithile. march 3,1994 ray debhisare temescal apartmenter launjare pratham baithaka samajare, baara john mahila-mericris belisario, chong cho, mindy compton, pamela haai, marge ly, kyathi famm, jennifer skinkla (bartamana jennifer schwartz), charlyn tran, gwen tran, ilean taiu, carolin triju ebong julie shay-ehi nutan sororitira nirmanare dajitwa ebong utsarga paain nijaku pratishrutibadha karithile. ehara pratistha sahita, kappa gamma trikonabhumi americara pratham premedical sororiti hoigala . samprasarana. 2002 masiha basanta ruture, california biswabidyalaja, barkalire, california biswabidyalajara sadasya, joe aann iterma ebong aani khaan, devis adhyajara sadasyanka prarambhika prajasare, kappa gamma trikonabhumi pratistha karajaithila; ebong 2006 masiha sheeta ruture, judie jay. nka prarambhika prajasare, california biswabidyalaja, santa kruj thaare. shay ebong sabrina silbha, california biswabidyalajara sadasya, devis adhyaja. kappa gamma delta madhya alpa samai paain california rajya biswabidyalajara sakramentore eka saha-sampadakiah bhratrubhaba thila . adhyaja. jatiah websiteru adhyaja talika. sakriya adhyajagudika "italic" dwara chinhita gadha, nishkriya adhyajagudikare ullekha karajaichi." pratikabada ebong parampra. pratham coat-off-armsre eka khola bahi, eka khada, sorariti phul, mahila pratika ebong eka taila deep thila . parey ehi khadara sthanare eka mashalaku aneka chakra dwara paribestita karajaithila. pratisthata maane sorority prateekaku caducious, wing ebong mahila pratika bhabare bachithile . 1994 masiha june 10 tarikhare sororiti geeta ebong shapath grahan karajaithila. sambidhana 1994 masiha meey 30 tarikhare nischita hoithila. bay tuu breaker bhali seba prakalpa ebong "medical skula samajare ebong parey zeeban" bhali bibhinna alochanachakrare anshagrahana kariba samajare, kappa gamma deltar mahilamane "manabata paain seba" bhali nijara aadarshabakya bikashita karithile. kappa gamma deltar "sorority geeta" jennifer skinkla ebong charlyn trannka dwara lekhajaithilah "kappa gamma trikonabhumi", <br> "bhauneetwa sabuddin paain."<bii. aarr.> "aama bhabishyataku sikhita kariba", <br> "parasparaku biswasa kariba" <br> "aama swapnaku sakara kariba paain."<bii. aarr.> "manabatara seba", <br> "aame dajitwabodha shikhu."<bii. aarr.> "aama bhauneemananka thaaru prerana nei> "aame daktara hebu."

kappa gaama delta kappa gaama delta (Ката гама сороти) ikk peshevar kaalaj sorority haii joe dawai atey sabandhat peshiaan dee padahi curran valiaan aurtan laee haii. itihaas. sathapana. kappa gaama delta dee shuruat 1993 dee sardiaan dee timahi dauran california university, davis vikhe hoee jadon vidiaarthiaan charleen traan atey maaraj lee neey ikk peshevar sorority dee kalpana keeti joe premedical prakiriaa dauran aurtan noon sahaita pardan karegi. uhanan atey 10 horr aurtan neey 12 vidvanan dee sansthapak class banayi. traan atey lee noon sigma muu delta, ikk pree-medical bhaichare toon madad millie. 3 march, 1994 noon davis witch temescal apartments dey laaoonj witch hoee pahili meating dauran baaran aurtan-maricris belisario, chong chou, mindy compton, pamela hyee, maaraj lee, kaithi faim, jennifer skinkle (hunn jennifer schwartz), charleen train, gaven train, eline tiu, carolin triu atey juulii seey-neey iss naveen sorority dey nirman witch aapni zimmevari atey samarpan pratee vachanbadh keeta. iss dee sathapana dey naal, kappa gaama delta sanyukat raaj amrica witch pahili premedical sorority bann gaee. vistaar. basant 2002 witch, kappa gaama delta dee sathapana california university, barkale witch california university dey memberan, joe ainn eterma atey ainee khaan, davis chapter dey arambh dey yatnan naal keeti gaee see; atey sardiaan 2006 witch, california university, saanta cruze witch judy jey dey arambh dey yatnan naal. uh atey sabrina silva, california university, davis chapter dey member. kappa gaama delta vee ikk sankhep samein laee california state university secremento witch ikk sahi-sampadaki bhaichara see. adhiaai. rashtari website toon adhiaai suchi. sargaram adhiaaiaan noon bould, sargaram adhiaaiaan witch nott keeta giaa haii joe "italyx" duaara nott keete gaye hunn." pratikvad atey parampravan. pahile coat-aaf-arms witch ikk khullhi kitaab, ikk praag, sorority full, maada chinnh atey ikk tail daa deeva shamal see. praag dey dher noon baad witch kaee ringan naal ghiriaa hoiaa ikk machhi naal badal ditta giaa see. sansthapkan neey sorority chinnh noon caducius, khambh atey mahila chinnh vajon chunhiaa. sorority geet atey sahun 10 juun, 1994 noon apnai gaee see. sanvidhan dee pushti 30 maee, 1994 noon keeti gaee see. beey too breakers atey vakkh-vakkh sammelanan jiven kii "medical school dauran atey baad witch jeevan" witch hissa lainde hoye, kappa gaama delta deeaan aurtan neey aapna udesh "manukhta dee seva" viksit keeta. kappa gaama delta daa "sorority geet" jennifer skinkle atey charleen traan duaara likhiaa giaa seeuuu "kappa gaama delta", <br> "bhainn sadaa laee."<bee. aar.> "saade bhavikh noon sikkhiat karna",> "ikk dooje utte bharosa crow> "saade supniaan noon sakar curran laee."<bee. aar.> "manukhta dee seva", <br> "aseen zimmevari sikhhde haan."<bee. aar.> "saadiaan bhainan toon prerna lae keey> "aseen doctor banange."

kappaa gaama delta kappaa gaama delta () iti chikitsaa-sambaddh-vyavasaay-adhyayan-mahilanam krute vyaavasaayik-mahaavidyaalaya-sorority asti. itihaasah. samsthaapayati. 1993 tame varshe davis-nagarasya california-vishvavidyaalaye shitakale kappaa-gaama-delta-kshetrasya aarambhah abhavat, yadaa vidyaarthinah charleen-traan tathaa maarj-lee ityeshaa poorvavaidyakeeyaprakriyaam mahilanam krute samarthanam pradadati vyaavasaayik-sorority-kshetrasya kalpanam akurvan. te, anyaani 10 mahilaah cha 12 vidvaamsaanaam samsthaapakavargam niramaat. traan tathaa lee, poorvavaidyakeeya-bhraatrutvena sigmaa-mu-delta ityatah sahayyam praaptavantah. 1994 maarch 3 dinaanke davis-nagarasya temscal-apartment-ityasya vishraamagruhe prathamasamaaveshe dwaadashamahilaah-mericris belisario, chong cho, mindy compton, pamela hai, maarj lee, kaithee faam, jennifer skinkil (adhunaa jennifer schwartz), charlin traan, gwen traan, aileen taiyu, carolin triu, joolee tse cha-asya nutanasya sorority-ityasya nirmaane daayitvam samarpanm cha krutavantah. sthaapitena, kappaa gaama-delta samyuktarajyamerikadesha prathamam poorvavaidyakeeya-sorority abhavat. vistaarah. 2002 tamasya varshasya vasantakaale, berkley-nagarasya california-vishvavidyaalaye, davis-adhyaye, california-vishvavidyaalayasya sadasyanam jo aan etarma tathaa enee khaan ityetayoho aarambhaprayaasen, tathaa 2006 tamasya varshasya shitakale, judie jey. ityasya aarambhaprayaasen, california-vishvavidyaalaye, santa cruze ityatra, kappaa gaama-delta-kshetram sthaapitam. saha, sabrina silvaa cha, davis-adhyaye, california-vishvavidyaalayasya sadasyaah. kappaa gaama-delta api alpakalam yaavat california-rajya-vishvavidyaalaya-samskaarasya saha-sampaadakee bhraatrutvam aasit. adhyaye. rashtriya-jalaputat adhyayaha soochee. italics" ityanena ullikhiteshu, bold-nishkriya-adhyayeshu abhilikhitaani sakriya-adhyaayeh." prateekavaadah paramparaah cha. prathamam coat-aaf-arms iti muktapustakam, truna-stupam, sorority-pushpam, stree-chihnam, taila-deepah cha aasit. pashchat truna-stupasya sthaane anekaih valayaihi pariveshtitam deepam sthaapitam. samsthaapakaah sorority-chihnam caducius, wings, stree-chihnam iti cha chitavantah. 1994 joon 10 dinaanke sorority-geetam shapatham cha sweekrutam. samvidhaanasya sthireekaranam 1994 mey 30 dinaanke abhavat. bey-too-breaker-ityadini sevaa-pariyojanaani, "chikitsaa-vidyaalayasya samaye, anantaram cha jeevanam" ityadini vividhaah symposiam ityeteshu bhaagam sveekrutya, kappaa-gaama-delta-pradeshasya mahilaah "manavatayaha sevaa" iti swakeeyam dhyeyavaakyam vikasitavantah. kappaa gaama delta ityasya "sorority-geetam" jennifer skinkil tathaa charleen traan ityetabhyam likhitam aasit. "kappaa gaama delta", <br> "bhagineetvam sarvadaa."<bee. aar.> "asmakam bhavishyam shikshayatam",> "parasparm vishvasatu> "asmakam swapnaani satyaani bhavitum."<bee. aar.> "manavatayaha sevaa",> "vayam daayitvam shikshaamah."<bee. aar.> "asmakam bhagineem prerayatah> "vayam vaidyau bhavishyaamah."

kappa kaamaa delta kappa kaamaa delta () enbathu maruthuvam mattrum thodarpudaiya thozhilkalaip padikkum penkalukkaana oru thozhilmurai kalluri sorority aagum. varalaaru. niruvuthal. kappa kaamaa delta 1993 aam aandin kulirkaala kaalaandil california palkalaikkazhagaththil thodangiyathu, davis maanavargal chaarleen tiraan mattrum maarj liie oru thozhilmurai sororidiyai karpanai seithanar, idhu maruththuvaththirku munththaiya seyalpaattin poathu penkalukku aatharavai vazhangkum. avarkalum mattra 10 penkalum 12 arinyarkalin niruvana vaguppai uruvaakkinar. tiraan mattrum liie oru maruththuvaththirku munththaiya sagoatharaththuvamaana sigma muuu deltavilirunthu uthaviyaip pettranar. maarch 3,1994 andru davisil ulla demescal adukumadi kudiyiruppugalin oaivaraiyil nadantha muthal sandhippin poathu, pannirandu penkal-marigris belizario, saang choow, maindi compton, bamela hye, maarj liie, keththi paam, jennifer skinkle (ippoathu jennifer swards), chaarleen tiraan, kuven, ayleen diu, caroline triu mattrum juulii chae-inththa puthiya sority kattumaanaththil poruppu mattrum arppanipukku thangalai arppaniththanar. adhan sthaabagaththudan, kappa kaamaa delta americavin muthal maruththuvaththirku munththaiya soroarittiyaaga maariyathu. virivaakkam. 2002 vasantha kaalaththil, california palkalaikkazhagaththin uruppinargalaana joow aann edorma mattrum anni qaan aagiyoarin thuvaka muyarchigaludan berkleyin california palkalaikkazhagaththil kappa kaamaa delta niruvappattathu, davis aththiyayam; mattrum kulirkaalaththil 2006, california palkalaikkazhagaththil, sanda cruze judie jay inn thuvaka muyarchigaludan. avarum, california palkalaikkazhagaththin davis aththiyaayaththin uruppinaraana sabrina silvaavum. kappa kaamaa delta oru kurugiya kaalaththirku california maanila palkalaikkazhaga punithaththil oru inai aasiriyar sagoatharaththuvamaagavum irunththathu. aththiyaayangkal. thaesiya valaiththalaththilirunthu aththiyayam pattiyal. seyalil ulla aththiyaayangkal thairiyamaana, seyalattra aththiyaayangkalil kurippidapattullana, avai "idalics" moolam kurippidapattullana." adaiyaalavaatham mattrum marabukal. muthal code-off-arms oru thirantha puththagam, oru vaikoal, sorority malar, penn chinnam mattrum oru ennei vilakku aagiyavattraik kondirundhadhu. pinnar vaikoal adukkukku pathilaaka pala valaiyangkalaal soolappatta oru theeppori maattrappattathu. niruvanarkal cautuses, irakkaikal mattrum penn chinnamaaka sorority sinnaththaith thaerntheduththanar. suun 10,1994 andru sorority paadal mattrum sathyapramanam aetrtrukkollappattathu. arasiyalamaippu mae 30,1994 andru urudhippaduththappattathu. pae duu breakers poantra sevaith thittangalilum, "maruththuvap palliyin poathum atharkup pinnarum vaazhkkai" poantra palvaeru karuththarangkugalilum pankerkum poathu, kappa kaamaa deltavin penkal "manithagulaththirku saevai" endra thangal kurikkoalai uruvaakkinar. kappa kaamaa deltavin "sorority paadal" jennifer skinkle mattrum chaarleen tiraan aakiyoaraal ezhudhappattathuh "kappa kaamaa delta", <br> "endrendrum chakoothari."<pr> "namathu ethirkaalaththai kalvi karpiththal",> "oruvaraiyoruvar nambungal> "namathu kanavugalai nanavakka."<pr> "manithagulaththirku saevai", <br> "naam poruppaik katrukkolkiroam."<pr> "engkal cakootharikalidamirunthu uthvaegaththudan> "naangkal maruththuvargalaaga iruppoam."

kappa gaama delta kappa gaama delta () anedi vaidyasaastram mariyu sambandhita vruttulanu abhyasinche mahilala kosam oka vruttiparamaina kalaasaala. charitra. sthaapinchaaru. 1993 sheethaakaalamlo california vishwavidhyaalayamlo kappa gaama delta praarambhamaindi, davis vidyaarthulu charleen traan mariyu marge lii premedical prakriyaloo mahilalaku maddatu ichhe vruttiparamaina sororityni oohinchaaru. vaaru mariyu 10 mandhi itara mahilalu 12 mandhi panditula vyavasthaapaka taragatini roopondinchaaru. traan mariyu lii sigma muu delta, oka premedical sodarabhavam nundi sahayam pondaaru. marchi 3,1994naa jarigina modati samavesamlo, davis looni temescal apartmentla lanzlo, pannendu mandhi mahilalu-maricris belisario, chong choe, mindy compton, pamela hye, marge lii, kaathee phaam, gennifer skinkle (ippudu gennifer schwartz), charleen traan, gwen, aileen tye, carolin triu mariyu juulii sae-eee kotta sorority nirmaanamloo baadhyata mariyu ankitabhaavaaniki kattubadi unnaaru. daani sthaapanatho, kappa gaama delta united states off americalo modati premedical sororitiga maarindi. vistarana. 2002 vasantakaalamlo, california vishwavidyaalayam, berkley jooe aann etorma mariyu davis adhyayam yokka sabhyulaina anee khaan yokka prarambha prayatnaalatoe kappa gaama delta sthaapinchabadindi; mariyu sheethaakaalamlo 2006loe, california vishwavidhyaalayamlo, shanta cruze loe judy zhe yokka prarambha prayatnaalatoe. athanu mariyu sabrina silva, california vishwavidyaalayam, davis adhyayam yokka sabhyulu. kappa gaama delta kooda kontakaalam california state university sacramentolo saha-sampaadakula sodarabhavam. adhyayalu. jaateeya website nundi adhyayam jabita. italyx" dwara gurtinchabadina bolled, kriyaarahita adhyayalalo perkonna kriyaaseela adhyayalu." prateekavaadam mariyu sampradaayaalu. modati kotu-off-arms loe oka open book, oka gaddi, sorority puvvu, stree chihnam mariyu oka ayil lamp undevi. taruvaata gaddi podanu aneka valayaalatoe chuttumuttabadina mantatho bharti chesaaru. vyavasthaapakulu sorority chihnanni cadusius, rekkalu mariyu stree chihnamgaa enchukunnaaru. sorority paata mariyu pramaanam juun 10,1994naa aamodinchabaddaayi. rajyangam mae 30,1994naa dhruvikarinchabadindi. bay tuu breakers vanti seva prajectulalo mariyu "vaidya paatasaala samayamlo mariyu taruvaata jeevitam" vanti vividha sadassulalo palgontunnappudu, kappa gaama delta mahilalu "maanavatvaaniki seva" anae vaari ninaadam abhivruddhi chesaaru. kappa gaama delta yokka "sorority sang" nuu gennifer skinkle mariyu charleen traan rasaru "kappa gaama delta", <br> "sodari eppatikee."<br> "mana bhavishyattunu vidyaavantulanu cheyadam",> "okarinokaru nammukovadam> "mana kalalanu sakaram chesukovadaniki."<br> "maanavatvaaniki seva", <br> "manam baadhyatanu neerchukuntaam."<br> "maa sodareemanula nundi preranatho> "memu doctorlum."

kapaa gaama delta kapaa gaama delta () tabb aur mutaliqah paishon kii taleem haasil karnay waali khwatin kay liye eek paishah warr college sororeti hay. tareekh. bunyaad. kapaa gaama delta kaa aaghaz 1993 kii sarmayi sah maahi kay doraan university aaf california ddios mein hawaa jabb talbaa charleen traan aur maarj lee nay eek paishah waranah sororeti kaa tasavur kiyaa juu paree medical amal kay doraan khwatin kuu madad farahim karay gee. wah aur 10 deegar khwatin 12 scholars kii baanee klaas parr mushtamil thein. traan aur lee kuu sagma miyo delta juu kahh eek paree medical baradari hay say madad milly. 3 maarch 1994 kuu pehli metting kay doraan ddios mein temscal apartments kay lounge mein baarah khwatin-maricress belisario chong choo mendy compton pamila hayee maarj lie kithi faim genifer sikankal (abb genifer shwartz)yee charleen traan goyan traan ailan tive carolin trive aur jooli teesi-nay iss nayee sororeti kii tameer mein zamah daari aur lagan kaa ahed kiyaa. iss kii bunyaad kay saath kapaa gaama delta riyasathaye muthadah america mein pehli paree medical sororeti bunn gayee. tausia. 2002 kay mosam bahaar mein kaapa gaama delta university aaf california barkalay mein university aaf california ddios chapter kay arakeen juu aine attorma aur ainee khaan kii ibtadayi koshishon kay saath qayem kiyaa gayaa thaa vovo aur 2006 kay mosam sarma mein university aaf california saanta karoz mein judy jay kii ibtadayi koshishon kay saath. wah aur sabrina salwa university aaf california ddios chapter kay arakeen. kapaa gaama delta bhee eek mukhtasir waqat kay liye california steat university kay muqadas mein eek shareek aidd baradari thee. abwaab. qomi waib saait say baab kii fehrist. faal abwaab juu bould ghair faal abwaab mein nott kiye gayey haine juu "ataliks" kay zariye nott kiye gayey haine." alaamat aur rawayaat. pehla coat aaf aarmz eek khalee kitaab eek gahaas kaa daheer sororeti phool khaatun kii alaamat aur teel kaa lamp parr mushtamil thaa. gahaas kay daheer kuu baad mein eek mashaal say tabdil kirr diyaa gayaa jiss kay gird kayee halqay thay. baaniyon nay sororeti kii alaamat kuu cadiosis paroon aur khwatin kii alaamat kay toor parr muntakhib kiyaa. sororeti gaana aur halaf 10 joone 1994 kuu apnaya gayaa. aayeen kii tasdiq 30 mayee 1994 kuu hoyee. bay tuu breakers jeesay saros projects aur mukhtalif symposium jeesay "medical school kay doraan aur baad mein zindagi" mein hasah leetay huay kapaa gaama delta kii khwatin nay apnaa maqsad "insaniyat kii khadmat" tayaar kiyaa. kapaa gaama delta kaa "sororeti gaana" genifer sikankal aur charleen traan nay likhaa thaa: "kapaa gaama delta"yee <br> "hamishah kay liye behan."<burr> "apnay mustaqabil kuu taleem deena"yee <br> "eek dosray parr bharosah karnaa" <br> "apnay khwabon kuu sach karnay kay liye."<burr> "insaniyat kii khadmat"yee <br> "humm zamah daari seekhte haine."<burr> "hamaari behnon say tehreek kay saath" <br> "humm doctor hoan gay."

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47543928

Samuel Lee (American minister)

Samuel Lee (American minister) American minister and politician Samuel Lee (March 18, 1803 – August 27, 1881) was an American minister, author, and state legislator. Lee, only son of Samuel and Sarah (Burnett) Lee, of Kensington parish, in the town of Berlin, Connecticut, was bom March 18, 1803. His father died a fortnight later, and in June, 1810, his mother married and removed to Westfield, in Middletown, Connecticut, from which place he entered Yale College, where he graduated in 1827. For three years after graduation he studied in the Yale Divinity School. On November 4, 1830, he was ordained pastor of the Evangelical Church in Sherborn, Middlesex County, Massachusetts. This charge he resigned, April 27, 1836, to accept a call to the Congregational Church in New Ipswich, New Hampshire, where he was installed on the 5th of the following month. He was dismissed, December 4, 1860, worn out with hard work. After some years of relaxation, he so far regained his health as to be able to use his pen in the preparation of a volume, entitled "The Bible Regained", which appeared in 1874. He had before published several pamphlets, and in 1859 a volume on "Eschatology". His writings show marked intellectual ability, and treat the subjects considered with boldness. His theological views provoked much criticism, and the tenacity with which he held them made his second pastorate a stormy one. In 1848, 1849, and 1862, he represented New Ipswich in the New Hampshire State Legislature. He died in New Ipswich, of paralysis, August 27, 1881, at the age of 78. He was married, Nov. 3, 1834, to Emily, daughter of Deacon Samuel Fiske, of Natick, Massachusetts, who died March 5, 1843, leaving one daughter. He was next married, Jan. 14, 1846, to Lydia C., daughter of the Hon. Paul Wentworth, of Concord, New Hampshire, and sister of the Hon. John Wentworth, of Chicago; she died March 6, 1855; two of her four sons died in infancy. He was again married, June 3, 1856, to Mary Jane, widow of the Rev. David P. Smith, of Greenfield, New Hampshire, daughter of the Hon. Samuel Chandler, of Bedford, New Hampshire, and sister of the Hon. Zachariah Chandler, of Michigan. She died May 17, 1881.  This article incorporates public domain material from the 1882 "Yale Obituary Record".

xamuel lee (aamerikar montri) xamuwel lee (18 march, 1803-27 aagosto, 1881) egoraki aamerikan montri, lekhok aaru rajyik bidhayok aasil. xongzugstholor barlin sohoror kensington parisor xamuwel aaru sarah (barnet) leer ekmatro putro lee 1803 sonor 18 marchot jonmogrohon korisil. teur pitrir poxek pisot mrityu hoisil, aaru 1810 sonor june maahot teur matriye bibahpaxot aabodho hoisil aaru westfieldot, midletown, connecticatot aatori goisil, zo 'too teu iyel collegeot prowex korisil, zo' too teu 1827 sonot snatok degree laabh korisil. snatok huwar pisot tini bosor teu iyel divinity schoolot odhyoyon korisil. 1830 sonor 4 novemborot teu mesasusetsor swerborno, middlesex countyt evancelical girjar aasarok hisape nijukto hoisil. ei dayitwor baabe teu 1836 sonor 27 aprilot podotyag korisil, niu hampswire niu aaipsouisor mondolir girjaloi etaa aahban grohon koriboloi, zo 'too teuk poroborti maahor 5 tarikhe sthapon koraa hoisil. 1860 sonor 4 disemborot kothur porisromor baabe teur podotyag hoisil. kichu bosoror xithilotar pisot, teu etiyaloike teur swasthyo punor laabh korisil jaate teur kolomtu etaa volume prostut korat byobohar koribo paare, jaar xirxok aasil "baibel punor laabh koraa", jitu 1874 sonot prokax paisil. teu iyar aagote keibatau pustika prokax korisil, aaru 1859 sonot "esket" lojee "ror uporot etaa volume prokax korisil. teur lekhabure boudhik khyomotar prodorxon kore, aaru bibesona koraa bixoiburok xahoxore byobohar kore. teur dhormiyo dristibhongiye bohutu xomaluchonar sristi korisil, aaru teu jibur drirhotare teulukok dhorisil, teur dwitiyo poriwexikok ek dhumuhar rup disil. 1848, 1849 aaru 1862 sonot teu niu hampswire rajyik bidhan xobhat niu aaipsouisor protinidhitwo korisil. niu ipsuis-too pokhyaghator folot teur mrityu hoisil, 27 aagosto, 1881,78 bosor boyoxot. teu bibahito aasil, nobo. 3, 1834, emilir usorot, massuchetchor natikor dicon semuwel fisker konya, ji 1843 sonor 5 marchot egoraki konya eri mrityuboron kore. teu poroborti xomoyot bibahito aasil, zen. 14, 1846, lydia chi., hoh 'nor konya. poll gewartho, concordor, niu hampswire, aaru honor bhogni. sikagur john guwartho; 1855 sonor 6 march taar mrityu hoisil; teur sarijon putror bhitorot dujon xoixowot mrityu hoisil. 1856 sonor 3 june tarikhe teu punor rebhor bidhowa meree jenor xoite bibahpaxot aabodho hoisil. david pi. smith, greenfieldor, niu hampswire, hunor konya. bedford, niu hampswire xamuwel sandler aaru honor bhogni. jasaria sandler, mixiganor. 1881 sonor 17 mey 'too tekhetor mrityu hoy.

samuel ly (markin montri) samuel ly (18 march, 1803-27 august, 1881) ekjon markin montri, lekhok ebong rajyo bidhayak chhilen. ly, samuel ebong sarah (burnett) ly-err ekmatro putro, kanektikater barlin shohore, kensington pyarisher, 1803 saaler 18ee march jonmogrohon corren. taanr baba eka pakkhik porey maaraa zaan ebong 1810 saaler juney, taanr maa biye corren ebong westfielde choley zaan, jaa theke tini iale college probesh corren, jekhane tini 1827 saale snatok hohn. snatok howar porr tinn bochor tini iale divinity schoole padashona corren. 1830 saaler 4thhaa navembar tini massachusetser sherborne, midlex kauntite evangelical girjar jajok nijukto hohn. eyi dayitto tini 1836 saaler 27shhey april podotyag corren, neu hampshire neu ipuich-ayee mandalir girja ekti ahoban grohon korar jonno, jekhane tini porer maaser 5 tarikhe protisthito hohn. 1860 saaler 4thhaa december kathor porishromer karone tini borkhasto hohn. kichhu bochor shithil thucker porr, tini ekhono porjonto taanr kalamti byabohar korey ekti khander prostutite taanr swastho punoruddhar korechilen, jaar shironam chhilo "baibel punoruddhar", jaa 1874 saale prokashito hoyechilo. tini err agey besh koyekti pustika prakash korechilen ebong 1859 saale "escatology"-rawr upor ekti khondo prakash korechilen. taanr lekhaguli buddhibrittik dokkhotar nidarshan dekhay ebong bibechona koraa vishaygulike sahosikotar saathe acharan korey. taanr dhormotattik drishtibhongi onek somalochonake uske diyechilo ebong jey dridhota diye tini taader dhorey rekhechilen taa taanr dwitiya jajokke jhorer moto korey tulechilo. 1848, 1849 ebong 1862 saale tini neu hampshire rajyo ainsabhai notun ipesuicher protinidhitto corren. tini neu ipesuich-ayee, pokkhaghater karone, 27shhey august, 1881 saale, 78 bochor boyse maaraa zaan. seey bibahito chhilo, nobo. 3, 1834, emilir kachhe, massachusetser nyatiker dicon samuel fisoker konna, jini 1843 saaler 5 march eka konna rekhe maaraa zaan. tini poroborti biye korechilen, jyana. 14, 1846, theke lydia shee., huner meye. poll geoarth, concord, neu hampshire ebong hohn err boone. john gowarth, shikago; tini 6 march, 1855 saale maaraa zaan; taanr chaar putrer modhye dujon shoishobe maaraa zaan. tini abar 1856 saaler 3raa june, rever bidhoba marry jener saathe bibah bondhone aboddho hohn. david pii. smith, greenfield, neu hampshire, hohn-err konna. neu hampshire bedforder samuel chandler ebong hohn-err boone. jacharia chandler, mishiganer. tini 17 meey, 1881 saale maaraa zaan.

semual lii (american mantree) semual lii (march 18,1803-august 27,1881) aek american mantree, lekhak aneey rajyanaa dharasabhya hataa. barleen, connecticut shaherma cancington perishnaa semual aneey sarah (bernet) leana ekmatra putra lii 18 march, 1803naa roj janmya hataa. temnaa pitaanu aek pakhwadia pachhi avsaan thayu hatoo, aneey juuna, 1810maan, temnee maatae lagna kareene westfield, midlettown, connecticutmaa sthalaantarit thayaa, jyanthi temane yell collegemaa pravesh karyo, jyanthi temane 1827maan snaatak thayaa. snaatak thayaa pachhi trana varsh sudhee temane yell devatva shaalaama abhyaas karyo. 4 november, 1830naa roj, temne sherbourne, midlessex kaauntii, mesatusatesma evangelical churchna paadari tareeke niyukt karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. aaa aaropne kaarane temane 27 april, 1836naa roj raajinaamu aapyu hatoo, jethee teo nyu hampshirena nyu ipeswichma mandalnaa churchma bolavvana nirnayne sweekari shake, jyaan temne pachhinaa maheenani 5mee taarikhe sthaapit karvaamaa aavyaa hataa. 4 december, 1860naa roj temne bartaraf karvaamaa aavyaa hataa, aneey teo sakhat mahenatthi thaaki gayaa hataa. ketlaak varshoni chhutchhaat pachhi, temane atyaar sudhee potaanu svaasthya paachhu melavyu hatoo keey teo 1874maan prakashit thayela "bible recaid" naamnaa granthnee taiyarima temnee penno upyog curry shakshe. temane agau ghanee patrikaao prakashit curry hatee aneey 1859maan "escatology" parr aek granth prakashit karyo hato. temnaa lakhaano nondhpaatra bauddhik kshamata darshaave chhe, aneey jeey vishhayone dhyanma levaamaa aave chhe temnee saathe himmatthi varte chhe. temnaa dhaarmik mantvyoae ghanee tikaao ushkeryaa hataa aneey jeey dradhata saathe temane temne rakhyaa hataa tenaathi temnaa beeja paadari mandalma tofani mahol sarjai gayo hato. 1848, 1849 aneey 1862maan temane nyu hampshire raajy vidhansabhama navaa ipeswitchnu pratinidhitva karyoo hatoo. teo nyu ipeswichma 27 august, 1881naa roj 78 varshnee vaye lakvaathi mrutyu pamya hataa. teey parineet hato, noow. 3, 1834, emili, naatik, mesatusatesna dican semual fiscaney putri, jeey 5 march, 1843 naa roj mrutyu pamya, aek putrine chhodine. tenaa pachhinaa lagna thayaa hataa, jaine. 14, 1846, lydia see., honnee deekari. poola gowarth, concord, nyu hampshire aneey booan off dhaa hohn. shikagona john gowarth; teneenu mrutyu 6 march, 1855naa roj thayu; temnaa chaar putromathi beey baadpanma mrutyu pamya hataa. temane fareethi 3 juuna, 1856naa roj revnee vidhavaa meerii jaine saathe lagna karyaa hataa. david pii. greenfield, nyu hampshirena smith, honnee putri. bedford, nyu hampshirena semual chandler aneey honanee bahen. mishiganna zacharia chandler. teneenu mrutyu 17 meey, 1881naa roj thayu hatoo.

saimuel lii (americi mantri) saimuel lii (18 march, 1803-27 agast, 1881) ack americi mantri, lekhak aur raajya key vidhaayak they. lii, kensinton parrish key saimuel aur saaraa (bernet) lii key ekmatra bete, berlin, connecticut shahar mein, 18 march, 1803 koo bome they. unake pitaa kii ack pakhwade baad mrityu hoe gaee, aur juuna, 1810 mein, unaki maan ney shaadi curr lii aur westfield, midlettown, connecticut mein chully gaeen, jahan seey unhone yell college mein pravesh kiya, jahan seey unhone 1827 mein snaatak kiya. snaatak honey key baad teen saal taka unhone yell devatva school mein adhyayan kiya. 4 navambar, 1830 koo, unhein sherbourne, midlex county, massachusets mein evangelical church kaa paadari niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. iss aarop key kaaran unhone 27 aprail, 1836 koo istifa dey diyaa, taaki nyu ipswitch, nyu hampshire mein mandali church mein ack coll sweekaar kiya jaa sakey, jahan unhein agale maheene kii 5 tarikh koo sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. 4 disambar, 1860 koo unhein barkhast curr diyaa gayaa, aur way kadee mehnat seey thuck gaye. kuchh varshon key vishram key baad, unhone abb taka apana swaasthya phir seey hassil kiya, taaki way ack khand kii taiyari mein apani kalam kaa upayog curr sakein, jiska sheershak thaa "bible punarpraapt", joe 1874 mein dikhaai diyaa. unhone pahale kaee parche prakaashit kiye they, aur 1859 mein "escatology" parr ack khand. unake lekhan mein bauddhik kshamata dikhaai detee haye aur jinn vishayon parr vichaar kiya jaataa haye, unake saath saahas seey vyavhaar kiya jaataa haye. unake dhaarmik vichaaron ney bahut aalochana koo uksaayaa, aur jiss dridhata key saath unhone unhein rakhaa, usane unake dusare paadari koo ack toofani banaa diyaa. 1848, 1849 aur 1862 mein unhone nyu hampshire raajya vidhanmandal mein nae ipsvch kaa pratinidhitva kiya. 27 agast, 1881 koo 78 varsh kii ayu mein pakshaghat seey nyu ipswitch mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee. vaha shadishuda thaa, nau. 3, 1834, emily key liye, massachusets key natic key decan saimuel fiske kii betty, jinaki mrityu 5 march, 1843 koo hui, ack betty chhod curr. agali shaadi usaki hui thee, zaan. 14, 1846 seey lydia see., sammaan kii betty. paul gowarth, concard, nyu hampshire, aur hohn kii bahan. shikago key johnn gowarth; unaki mrityu 6 march, 1855 koo hui; unake chaar beton mein seey dou kii mrityu bachpan mein hii hoe gaee. unhone phir seey 3 juuna, 1856 koo mairi jaine seey shaadi kii, joe rev kii vidhwa theen. david pee. smith, greenfield, nyu hampshire key, hohn kii betty. saimuel chandler, bedford, nyu hampshire key, aur hohn kii bahan. zacharia chandler, mishigan kaa. 17 maee, 1881 koo unaki mrityu hoe gaee.

samuel lea (american mantri) samuel lea (march 18,1803-august 27,1881) americada sachiva, lekhaka mattu raajya shaasakaraagiddaru. berlin, connecticut pattanadalliruva kensington parition samuel mattu saaraa (burnet) lea avara ekaika maga lea, march 18,1803 randu nidhanaraadaru. avara tande hadinaidu dinagala nantara nidhanaraadaru, mattu zoon 1810 ralli, avara taayi vivaahavaadaru mattu kanektikatna middletounnalliruva westfieldge teralidaru, allinda avaru yail kaalejige praveshisidaru, allie avaru 1827 ralli padavi padedaru. padavi padeda nantara mooru varshagala kaala avaru yail daivatva shaleyalli adhyayana maadidaru. november 4,1830 randu, avaru masachusetsna sherborne, middlesex kountiyalliruva evangelical churchna paadriyaagi deekshe padedaru. ee aaropavannu sweekarisalu avaru april 27,1836 randu rajiname niididaru, nyoo hampshiren nyoo aipsvichnalliruva sabeya charchige karey sweekarisalu, allie avarannu mundina tingala 5 randu sthaapisalaayitu. 1860rahra december december kathina parishramadinda danidu avarannu vajaagolisalaayitu. kelavu varshagala vishraantiya nantara, nantara prakatavaada "baibal marupadeyalpattide" emba shirshikeya samputavannu tayaarisalu tamma lekhanigalannu balasalu saadhyavaaguvante avaru illiyavarege tamma aarogyavannu marali padedaru. avaru ee hinde halavaaru karapatragalannu prakatisiddaru mattu mattu "escatology" kurita samputavannu prakatisiddaru. avara barahagalu gamanarhavada bouddhika saamarthyavannu torisuttave mattu pariganisalaada vishayagalannu dhairyadinda nadesikolluttave. avana matadharmashaastrada drashtikonagalu hecchina tikegalannu huttuhaakidavu, mattu avanu avugalannu hididiruva drudhateyu avana eradane padriyannu birusina dharmaguruvannagi maaditu. 1848, 1849 mattu mattu avaru nyoo hampshire raajya shasakangadalli hosa aipsvich annu pratinidhisidaru. avaru nyoo aipsvichnalli, august 27,1881 randu, tamma 78 neey vayassinalli parshvavayuvininda nidhanaraadaru. aatanige maduveyagittu, nov. nov masachusetsna natic naa deacon samuel fiskeya magalu emily, 1843rahra march march nidhanaraadaru, obba magalannu agaliddaare. aata mundina maduveyaadanu, zaan. 14, 1846, lydia sii., gouravaanvitana magalu. paul gowarth, concord, nyoo hampshire, mattu anra sahodari. chikagoda zaan gowarth; avaru march 6,1855 randu nidhanaraadaru; avara naalku putraralli ibbaru shaishavaavastheyalli nidhanaraadaru. aatanu matte zoon 3,1856 randu rev naa vidhave merrie jaine avarannu vivaahavaadanu. david pii. greenfieldna smith, nyoo hampshiren, anra magalu. nyoo hampshiren bedfordne samuel chandler mattu anra sahodari. mishiganna jhachariya chandler. avaru mayee 17,1881 randu nidhanaraadaru.

saamuval liie (american mantri) oru american mantriyum ezhuthukaaranum samsthaana niyamasabhaamgavumaayirunnu saamuval liie (march 18,1803-august 27,1881). berlin pattanatthile kensington edavakayile saamuvalinteyum saara (burnet) leeyudeyum eaka makanaaya liie 1803 march 18-nuu bombilaanu. randaazhchaykku sesham pithaav marichu, 1810 juunil amma vivaham kazhichu connectikkattile midlattaunile westfieldilekku thamasam maatti, avide ninnu addeham yaale collegil praveshichu, avide ninnu 1827-ll birudam nedi. birudaananthara birudatthinu sesham moonnu varshakkalam addeham yaale daivatwa schoolil padichu. 1830 november 4 nuu masaachyusetsile middlesex kaundiyile sherbonile ivaanchalikkal palliyude paastaraayi addeham niyamithanaayi. eee chumatala addeham raaji vachathu 1836 epril 27nuu, nyoo hamshareile nyoo aipsvichile sabhaa palliyilekkulla oru vilii sweekarikkaan, avide adutha maasam 5-nuu addehathe niyamichu. 1860 desember 4nuu kadinaadhvaanam moolam thalarnna addeham pirichuvidappettu. kurachu varshathe vishramathin sesham, 1874-ll prathyakshappetta "baibil veendeduthu" enna thalakkettil oru vaalyam thayyarakkan thante pena upayogikkaan kazhiyumenna nilayil addeham ithuvare aarogyam veendeduthu. munbu addeham niravadhi laghulekhakal prasidheekarichirunnu, 1859-ll "escatology" enna vaalyavum. addehathinte rachanakal sradheyamaaya boudhika kazhivu kaanikkukayum pariganikkunna vishayangale dheerathayode kaikaaryam cheyyukayum cheiyunnu. addehathinte daivashaasthraparamaaya kaazhchappaadukal valareyadhikam vimarsanangalkk kaaranamavukayum addeham avare nilanirtthiya dridatha addehathinte randaamathe paasttare kodunkaattilaakkukayum cheythu. 1848, 1849, 1862 varshangalil addeham nyoo hamshire samsthaana niyamanirmmanasabhayil nyoo aipsvichine prathinidheekarichu. nyoo ipswichil, pakshaaghaatham moolam, 1881 august 27 nuu, 78 aam vayassil addeham marichu. avan vivaahithanaayirunnu, nove. 1834-ll masaachyusetsile naattikkil ninnulla deekkan saamuval fiscayude makalaaya emily 1843 march 5 nuu oru makale upekshichu marichu. avan adutha vivaham kazhichu, jaann. 1846, 14 muthal lydia sii., honinte makal. pooll gowarth, concord, nyoo hamshire, honinte sahodari. chikkagoyile joonn gowarth; avar 1855 march 6 nuu marichu; avarude naalu aanmakkalil randuper shaishavathil thanne marichu. 1856 juun 3nuu addeham veendum revinte vidhavayaya merii jaine vivaham kazhichu. david pii. nyoo hamshareile greenfieldile smith, honinte makal. nyoo hamshareile bedfordile saamuval chandler honinte sahodariyum. mishigaanile sacharia chandler. 1881 meyy 17nuu avar marichu.

samuel lii (american mantri) samuel lii (18 march 1803-27 august 1881) heey eka american mantri, lekhak aanee rajya aamdar hote. kensington parrish, berlin, connecticut yetheel samuel aanee saara (bernet) lii yancha ekulata eka mulga lii haah 18 march 1803 roji janmala. tyachya vadilanche pandharvadyanantar nidhan jhaale aanee juuna 1810 madhye tyachya aaiche lagn jhaale aanee tee kanektikatchya midlettown yetheel westfield yethe gelee, jithun tyane yell mahavidhyalayat pravesh ghetala, jithe tyane 1827 madhye padvi prapt kelee. padvinantar teen varshe tyane yell devatva shalet shikshan ghetale. 4 november 1830 roji, massatucets sherbourne, middlesex countymadhil evangelical charchcha padari mhanoon tyanchi niyukti karnyat aalee. 27 april 1836 roji, nyu hampshire yetheel nyu aayapsvich yetheel mandalachya charchala bolavanyacha nirnay swikaranyasathi, jithe pudhil mahinyachya 5 tarkhela tyanchi niyukti karnyat aalee, tyanni yaa aaropavarun rajinama deela. 4 december 1860 roji, kathor parishramane thakoon tyanna padavarun hatavanyat aale. kahee varshanchya vishrantinantar, tyanni aataparyant tyanchi tabyet parat midavali qee 1874 madhye prakashit jhalelya 'baibal recroid' navachya khandachya tayareet tyanche paine vaparnyas saksham jhaale. tyanni yapurvi anek patrake prakashit kelee hotee aanee 1859 madhye 'escatology' varr eka khand prakashit keela hota. tyanche lekhan lakshaniy bauddhik kshamata darshavate aanee jyaa vishayancha vichar keela jaato tyanna dhairyane vagavate. tyachya dharmik drushtikonanvar khoop teeka jhaali aanee jyaa chikatine tyane tyanna dharale tyamule tyacha dusra dharmopadeshak tofgolyacha jhaala. 1848, 1849 aanee 1862 madhye tyanni nyu hampshire rajya vidhimandalat nyu aayapsvichche pratinidhitva kele. nyu aayapsvichmadhye, pakshaghatane, 27 august 1881 roji vayachya 78 vya varshi tyanche nidhan jhaale. too vivahit hota, nava. 3, 1834, massatucets natic yetheel decan samuel fiskechi mulgi emily, jiche 5 march 1843 roji nidhan jhaale aanee eka mulgi sodali. tyache pudhche lagn jhaale hote, zaan. 14, 1846, lydia see., sanmananiyanchi mulgi. paul gowarth, concard, nyu hampshire aanee onchi baheen. shikagoche johnn gowarth; 6 march 1855 roji tyanche nidhan jhaale; tyanchya chaar mulanpaiki done mulanche balpanatach nidhan jhaale. 3 juuna 1856 roji, tyacha punha vivah merrie jaine yaa revchya vidhavashi jhaala. david pii. nyu hampshirechya greenfieldcha smith, honchi mulgi. nyu hampshirechya bedfordche samuel chandler aanee honchi baheen. mishiganacha zacharia chandler. 17 meey 1881 roji tyanche nidhan jhaale.

samuel lea (americi mantri) samuel lea (march 18,1803-august 27,1881) ek americi mantri, lekhak rar rajya vidhayak thie. ly, kensington parishka samuel rar sara (bernett) lika ek matra chhora, berlin, connecticut saharma, bamba march 18,1803 thie. unka bubako ek pakhawadia pachhi mrityu bhayo, rar june, 1810 maa, unaki amale vivaha garera westfield, midlettauna, connecticutma hataiyo, jahanbata unle yell kalejma prawesh gare, jahaan unle 1827 maa snatak gare. snatak pachhi tinn warshasamma unle yell devatwa schoolma adhyayan gare. november 4,1830 maa, uni serbourne, midlesex county, massachusetsko evangelical charchako paster niyukta bhae. yass aropma unle rajinama die, april 27,1836, nayan aipswich, nyu hampshirema mandali charchama cull swikar garna, jahaan uni arko mahinako 5th maa sthapit bhaeka thie. uni 4 december 1860 maa kada parishrambata thakit bhaera barkhasta bhae. kehi warshako vishrampachhi, unle ahilesamma afno swasthya punah prapta gare kii afno kalamlai khanda tayar garna prayog garna saksham bhae, jasko shirshak thiyo "bible punah prapta bhayo", june 1874 maa dekha paryo. unle pahile dherai parcha prakashit gareka thie, rar 1859 maa "escatology" maa khanda prakashit gareka thie. unka lekhanharule ullekhaniya baudhik kshamata dekhaunchhan, rar vichar garieka vishayaharulai sahaska sath wyawahar garchhan. unko dharmik wicharharule dherai alochanalai uksae, rar unle tiniharulai rakheko dridhatale unko dosro pasterlai andhibehari banayo. sann 1848,1849 rar 1862 maa unle nyu hampsire rajya wyawasthapikama nayan aipswichko pratinidhitwa gare. unko nyu ipswichma pakshaghatbata august 27,1881 maa 78 warshako umerma mrityu bhayo. uni vivahit thie, nobh. 3, 1834, emily, decon samuel fiskeki chhori, natik, massachusetsky, jasko mrityu march 5,1843 maa bhayo, ek chhori chhode. uni arko vivahit thie, zahn. 14, 1846, lydia see., sammanki chhori. pall gowartha, concord, nyu hampshire, rar honki bahini. shikagoka john gowartha; unko mrityu march 6,1855 maa bhayo; unka chaar chhoraharu madhye duiko balyakalma mrityu bhayo. unle feri 3 june 1856 maa revki vidhava merry jensanga vivaha gare. devid pee. smith, greenfield, nyu hampshireka, honki chhori. bedford, nyu hampsireka samuel chandler rar honki bahini. mishiganka jacharia chandler. unko mrityu 17 mey 1881 maa bhayo.

samuel lea (americae mantri) samuel lea (march 18,1803-august 27,1881) jane americae mantri, lekhaka ebong rajya bidhajaka thile. ly, samuel ebong saaraa (bernet) linka ekamatra pua, connectra berlin saharare kensington parishar, boam march 18,1803 ray thile. taanka pita eka pander deane parey mrutyubarana karithile, ebong june 1810 ray, taanka maaa bibaha karithile ebong westfield, midaletaun, connecticut ku chaali jaithile, jeuntharu shay yail kalejare prabesha karithile, jeunthare shay 1827 ray snataka hoithile. snataka parey tini barsha paain shay yail diviniti schoolre adhyajana karithile . navember 4,1830 ray, shay masachusetsara serbourne, middlesex kauntire evangelical churcher padri bhabare nijukta hoithile. ehi dajitware shay istafa deithile, april 27,1836 ray, nyu hampshire nyu aaipiswich thaare mandali charchaku eka cull grahan karibaku, jeunthare tanku parabarti masser 5 ray sthapita karajaithila . kathina parishramare klanta hoi, december 4,1860ray tanku chakiriru barakhasta karajaithila. kichhi barshar bishram parey, shay eparjyanta taanka swasthya punaruddhara karithile, kaaran 1874 ray prakashita "bible punaruddhara" namaka eka khanda prastutire taanka kalam byabahara karibaku sakhyama hoithile, jaahaa purbaru shay aneka patrika prakash karithile, ebong 1859 ray "escatology" upare eka khanda prakash karithile. taanka lekhagudika ullekhaneeah boudhika samarthya pradarshan kare, ebong bibechana karajauthiba bishajagudiku sahasikatara saha byabahara kare . tankara dharmatwa sambandheeah bicharagudika aneka samalochanara kaaran hoithila, ebong jeun drudhata sahita shay segudiku dharithile, taaha tankara dwiteeja dharmajajakanku eka jhaduaa dharmare parinata karithila. 1848, 1849 ebong 1862 masihare shay nyu hampshire rajya bidhanasabhare nutan aipwich ku pratinidhitwa karithile. shay 78 barsha bajasare, august 27,1881 ray pakhyaghatare nyu aaipwichare mrutyubarana karithile. shay bibahita thile, nova. 3, 1834, massachusetsara natikar deacon samuel phiskenka jhia emilinku, jie march 5,1843 ray mrutyubarana karithile, jane jhia chhadi jaithile. shay parabarti bibaha karithile, zohn. 14, 1846, lydia sii., sammanira jhia. paul gowartha, concord, nyu hampshire, ebong ananka bhaunee. chikagore zohn gowartha; shay march 6,1855 ray mrutyubarana karithile; tankara chaari puanka madhyaru duijana shaishabare mrutyubarana karithile. shay punarbara bibaha karithile, june 3,1856 ray, rebhnka bidhaba merrie jennku. devida pii. greenfield, nyu hampshire smith, sammanara jhia. nyu hampshire bedfordra samuel chandler ebong sammanara bhaunee. mishigan rahr jachariah chandler. shay meey 17,1881 ray mrutyubarana karithile.

semual lee (amriki mantri) semual lee (18 march, 1803-27 agast, 1881) ikk amriki mantri, lekhak atey raaj dey vidhan sabha member sunn. lee, joe barlin, connect shehar witch kensington parish dey semual atey sarah (bernet) lee daa iklauta puttar see, 18 march, 1803 noon see. uss dey pitaa dee ikk pandarwade baad maut hoow gaee, atey juun, 1810 witch, uss dee maan daa viaah hoow giaa atey uh pachmi khetar, midleton, connect witch chalee gaee, jithon uh yell kaalaj witch dakhal hoiaa, jithon usne 1827 witch graduation keeti. graduation toon baad tinn saal takk usne yell divinity school witch padahi keeti. 4 navambar, 1830 noon, uss noon massachusets dey sherbourne, middlesex county witch evangelical church daa padri niyukat keeta giaa see. iss dosh noon lae keey uss neey 27 aprail, 1836 noon, nioo aaee. pee. aiss. vee. see., nioo hampshire witch kalisiyavadi church noon sadda savikar curran laee, astifa dey ditta, jitthe uss noon agle maheene dee 5 tareek noon sathapit keeta giaa see. uh 4 dasambar 1860 noon sakhat mihnat naal thakk keey barkhast qarr ditta giaa see. kujh saalan dee dhill toon baad, uh hunn takk aapni sihat noon mudd prapat qarr chukka see kii uh aapni kalam dee varton ikk valiam dee tiaari witch curran dey yog hoow giaa, jisda sirlekh see "bible recreak", joe kii 1874 witch prakashit hoiaa see. usne pahilan kaee parche prakashit keete sunn, atey 1859 witch "escatology" utte ikk valiam prakashit keeta see. unhan deeaan likhtan baudhik yogta noon darsaundiyan hunn, atey vichaar keete gaye vishiaan naal daleri naal pesh aaundiaan hunn. uss dey dharam shastari vicharan neey bahut alochna noon bhadkaiaa, atey jiss dridhta naal uss neey unhan noon rakkhiaa, uss neey uss dey dooje padri noon tufani bnaa ditta. 1848, 1849 atey 1862 witch, usne nioo hampshire raaj vidhan sabha witch navein aaee. pee. aiss. vee. aaee. dee numaindagi keeti. 27 agast, 1881 noon 78 saal dee umar witch adhrang naal uhanan dee maut hoow gaee. uh viaahiaa hoiaa see, navv. 3, 1834, massachusets dey natic dey decan semual fiske dee dhee emily, jiss dee maut 5 march, 1843 noon hoee, ikk dhee chhadd keey gaee. uss daa agla viaah hoiaa see, jaan. 14, 1846, lydia see., maann dee dhee. paul gowarth, concard, nioo hampshire, atey aana dee bhainn. 6 march 1855 noon uss dee maut hoow gaee; uss dey chaar puttran vicchon doou dee bachpan witch hii maut hoow gaee. uss daa dubara viaah 3 juun, 1856 noon mairi jaine naal hoiaa see, joe rev dee vidhwa see. david pee. greenfield, nioo hampshire dey smith, aana dee dhee. semual chandler, bedford, nioo hampshire daa, atey aana dee bhainn. mishigan dey zacharia chandler. 17 maee, 1881 noon uss dee maut hoow gaee.

samuel lee (amerikaadeshasy mantree) saamuyel lee (maarch 18,1803-august 27,1881) amerikaadeshasy mantrinah, lekhakah, rajya-vidhaayakah cha aasit. kanektikat-nagarasya berlin-nagare kensington-pyaarish-nagarasya saamuyel-saara (bernet) lee ityasya ekamaatrah putrah lee, 1803 maarch 18 dinaanke bom-nagare aasit. tasya pitaa pakshavaaram anantaram amriyata, 1810 joon-maase tasya maataa vivaahitaa bhutva westfield-nagare, middletown-madhye, kanektikat-nagare, niragatta, yatra saha yel-mahaavidyaalayam pravishtavaan, yatra saha 1827 tame varshe snaatakapadaveem praptavan. snaatakapadaveem praptva varshatrayam yaavat saha yel-devatva-vidyaalaye adhyanam akarot. 1830 tame varshe navambaramaasasy 4 dinaanke, saha masaachusets-rajyasya midlesex-prantasya sherburn-nagarasya evangelical-charcha ityasya paadrih abhavat. ayam karyabharaha saha 1836 april 27 dinaanke nyoo hampshire-nagarasya nyoo-aipswich-nagare mandali-charcha-krute aahvaanam sveekrutya tyaagapatram adadat, yatra saha agrime maase 5 dinaanke pratishtaapitah. saha 1860 december-masasya 4 dinaanke, parishramena vyagrah, nishkaasitah. katipayavarshanam vishraamaanantaram, saha adyaapi swaswaasthyam punah praptavan yena 1874 tame varshe prakashitasya "da bable rickered" iti sheershake khandasya nirmaane swalekhasya upayogam kartum shaknoti, saha poorvam anekeshaam patrapatrikanam prakaashanam krutavaan, 1859 tame varshe "escatology" iti vishaye khandasya prakaashanam cha krutavaan. tasya likhaneshu bauddhikakshamataa lakshaniyaa drushyate, tathaa cha pariganiteshu vishayaan dhairyena vyavaharanti. tasya dharmashaastreey-mataan bahu vimarshanam praavartayat, tathaa cha saha taan yat drudatayaa dhaarayat tatt tasya dwiteeyam paadri-raajyam vaatalitam cha krutavaan. 1848, 1849, 1862 cha varsheshu saha nyoo-hampshire-rajyasya vidhaanasabhaayaam nyoo-aipswich ityasya pratinidhitvam krutavaan. saha nyoo-ipswich-nagare, pakshaghatat, august 27,1881 tame dine, 78 vayasi, mrutah. saha vivaahitah aasit, nov. 3, 1834 tame varshe, maasachusets-rajyasya naatik-nagarasya deacon-syaamuyel-fiske ityasya putree emily ityasyaah krute, yaa 1843 tame varshe maarch-masasya 5 dinaanke ekaa putree agruhnaat. saha agrimam parineetavaan, jaan. 14, 1846, lydia see., hunn ityasya putree. paal govart, concard, nyoo hampshire, tathaa haana ityasya bhaginee. chikaago-nagarasya jaan govart-naamakah, saa 1855 maarch-masasya 6 dinaanke mrutah, tasyaah chaturmahaputrau dwau baalye eva mrutau. saha punah 3 joon 1856 tame dine, reva ityasya vidhavaa merry zen ityanaya saha vivaahitah. david pee. smith, greenfield, nyoo hampshire ityasya, hanasya putree. nyoo hampshire-nagarasya bedford-nagarasya syaamuyel-chandler, tathaa hanasya bhaginee cha. zacharia chandler, mishigan ityasya. saa mey 17,1881 tame dine mrutavatee.

saamuvel liie (america amaichar) saamuvel liie (maarch 18,1803-august 27,1881) oru america amaichar, ezhuththaalar mattrum maanila sattamandra uruppinar aavaar. kensington barish, berlin, connecticut nagaraththaich saerntha saamuvel mattrum saaraah (burnet) leeyin oray maganaana liie, maarch 18,1803 andru piranthaar. avarathu thanthai oru pathinainthu naatkalukkup piragu iranthaar, juun 1810 ill, avarathu taayaar tirumanam seithu kondu westfieldirku alaiththuch sentraar, mitletavun, connecticut, angkirunthu avar yael kallooriyil nuzhainthaar, angku avar 1827 ill pattam pettraar. pattappadippukkup piragu moontru aandugal avar yael theiveegap pallyil padiththaar. navambar 4,1830 andru, avar massusetsin sherbourne, middlesex kavundiyil ulla suvisesha devalayaththin poathakaraaka niyamikkappattaar. inththa kuttrachchaattai avar rajinama seithaar, aepral 27,1836, neu hampshireil ulla puthiya aipchvich sabaiyilulla thevaalayaththirku oru azhaippai aerka, angku avar aduththa maathaththin 5 aam thaethi niruvapattaar. avar disambar 4,1860 andru panineekkam seiyappattaar, kadina uzhaippaal soarvadainthaar. sila aandugal oaivukkup piragu, 1874 aam aandil thoantriya "bible recake" endra thalaippil oru thoguthiyaith thayaarippathil thanathu paenaavaip payanpaduththa mudiyum endra vagaiyil avar idhuvarai thanathu aaroakkiyaththai meettedutthaar. avar pala thundu prasurangkalai veliyiduvatharku munbu, 1859 aam aandil "escotology" kuriththa oru thoguthiyaiyum veliyittaar. avarathu ezhuththukkal arivusaar thiranaik kaattugindrana, maelum karudhappadum paadangkalai thairiyaththudan nadaththugindrana. avarathu iraiyiyal karuththukkal miguntha vimarsanangkalaith thoondina, maelum avar avarkalai vaiththiruntha vidaamuyarchi avarathu irandaavathu poathakarai oru puyalaaga maattriyathu. 1848, 1849 mattrum 1862 aam aandugalil, avar neu hampshire maanila sattamandraththil puthiya ipisvichchai pirathinithiththuvappaduththinar. avar neu ipsvich, pakkavaathaththaal, august 27,1881 andru, 78 vayathil iranthaar. avar tirumanam seithu kondaar, nava. 3, 1834, emily, massusetsin nattik nagaraich saerntha ticon saamuvel fiskin magal, avar 1843 maarch 5 andru iranthaar, oru magalai vittuch sentraar. avar aduththa tirumanam seithu kondaar, john. 14, 1846, lydia chii., haanin magal. paal goncardu, neu hampshire mattrum haanin chakoothari. sikakovin john kuworth; avar maarch 6,1855 andru iranthaar; avarathu naanku magangalil iruvar kuzhandhaip paruvaththil iranththanar. avar meendum juun 3,1856 andru maeri jaine endra rev-inn vithavaiyai mananthaar. davit pii. greenfieldin smith, neu hampshire, haanin magal. neu hampshirein pedfordiche saerntha saamuvel sandler mattrum haanin chakoothari. jacharia sandler, michikanin. avar mae 17,1881 andru iranthaar.

shamyul lii (american mantri) shamyul lii (marchi 18,1803-augustu 27,1881) oka american mantri, rachayita mariyu rashtra saasanasabhyudu. berlin, connecticut pattanamlooni kensington paarishku chendina shamyul mariyu saaraa (burnet) lii yokka ekaika kumarudu lii, marchi 18,1803naa janminchaadu. athani tandri paksham rojula taruvaata maraninchaadu, mariyu juun 1810loe, athani talli vivaham chesukuni, connecticut looni midletownloni westfieldku vellipoyaadu, aaa pradaesam nundi athanu yaale kalasalalo pravesinchaadu, akkada athanu 1827loe pattabhadrudayyaadu. graduation tarvaata moodu samvatsaraalu athanu yaale daivatvam paatasaalalo chaduvukunnadu. november 4,1830naa, athanu masaachusetslooni sherbourne, middlesex kounteelooni suvaarta charchi yokka pasterga niyaminchabaddaadu. eee chaarj athanu rajinama chesaadu, april 27,1836, nyuu hampshireloni nyuu ipsvichloni sangha charchiki pilupunu angeekarinchadaaniki, akkada athanu taruvaati nela 5va teedeena sthaapinchabaddaadu. 1860 december 4naa ayana kashtapadi panichesi alasipoyadu. konni samvatsaraala sadalimpu taruvaata, athanu 1874loe prachurinchabadina "baibil requide" anae perunna valume tayaareeloo thana pennu upayoginchagaligela thana aarogyaanni tirigi pondaadu. athanu mundu aneka karapatraalanu prachurinchaadu, mariyu 1859loe "escatology" paie vaalyuumnu prachurinchaadu. ayana rachanalu gurtinchadagina medho saamarthyaanni chuuputaayi, mariyu pariganinchabade vishayalanu dhairyamgaa pariganistaayi. ayana vedaantaparamaina abhiprayalu chaalaa vimarsalanu rekettinchaayi, mariyu ayana vaatini pattukunna pattudala athani rendava pasteratenu tuphaanugaa chesindi. 1848, 1849, mariyu 1862loe ayana nyuu hampshire rashtra saasanasabhalo kotta ipeswitch kuu praatinidhyam vahinchaaru. athanu nyuu ipswitchlo, aagashtu 27,1881naa, 78 samvatsaraala vayassulo, pakshavaatamto maraninchaadu. athanu vivaham chesukunnadu, nove. 3, 1834, emileeki, masachusets looni naatikku chendina deacon shamyul fiscay kumarte, aame 1843 marchi 5naa maraninchindi, oka kumartenu vadili vellindi. athanu tadupari vivaham chesukunnadu, zaan. 14, 1846, lydia c., gowravaneeyula kumarte. paal gowarth, concord, nyuu hampshire, mariyu hohn yokka sodari. chikagoku chendina zaan gowarth; aame marchi 6,1855naa maraninchindi; aame naluguru kumaarulalo iddaru baalyamlone maraninchaaru. athanu mallii juun 3,1856naa, rev yokka vitantuvu maerii jaennu vivaham chesukunnadu. david pii. greenfield, nyuu hampshire kuu chendina smith, gowravaneeyula kumarte. nyuu hampshireloni bedfordku chendina shamyul chandler, mariyu hohn sodari. michigaon kuu chendina zacharia chandler. aame mae 17,1881naa maraninchindi.

samoel lee (americi wazeer) samoel lee (18 maarch 1803-27 agast 1881) eek americi wazeer masnaf aur riyasati qanoon saaz thay. lie juu cancington peerish kay samoel aur saarah (bernet) lee kay aklotay betay haine juu conectect kay shehar barlan mein 18 maarch 1803 kuu thay. inn kay waalid kaa pandrah dunn baad inteqal how gayaa aur joone 1810 mein inn kii waldah nay shaadi kirr kay vest feld muddle town conectect mein muntaqil how gayey jehaan say inhon nay yail college mein daakhlah liyaa jehaan say inhon nay 1827 mein graduation kiyaa. graduation kay baad teen saal takk inhon nay yail devenity school mein taleem haasil kii. 4 nomber 1830 cow wah misachosts kay sharborn muddlesex county mein anjeeli charch kay paadri muqarar hoay. iss alzaam kay tahat inhon nay 27 apreel 1836 kuu istefi day diyaa taakah neo aayee pee sweach neo hampshire mein majmaa charch kii kaal qabool kii jaa sakay jehaan inhein aglay mahinay kii 5 tareekh kuu nasb kiyaa gayaa thaa. inhein 4 dasambar 1860 kuu barkhast kirr diyaa gayaa wah mahnat say thakk gayey. kachh saalon kii aaraam kay baad inhon nay abb takk apnee sehat kuu dobarah haasil kiyaa kahh wah "bible recoired" kay anwaan say eek jald kii tayari mein apnay qalam kaa istemaal karnay kay qaabil how gayey juu 1874 mein shaye hawaa. iss say pehley wah kayee pumfilt shaye kirr chakay thay aur 1859 mein "escatology" parr eek jald shaye kirr chakay thay. inn kii tehreerein numayan fikri salahiyat kaa mazahirah karti haine aur zeer ghoor mazamin kay saath daliri say paish aatee haine. inn kay mazhabi nazaryaat nay behat ziyadah tanqeed kuu janam diyaa aur jiss isteqamat kay saath inhon nay inhein rakhaa iss nay inn kay dosray paadri kuu toofani banaa diyaa. 1848yee 1849 aur 1862 mein inhon nay neo hampshire riyasati maqnanah mein neo aayee pee sweach kii numaindagi kii. wah neo aayee pee sweach mein faalij say 27 agast 1881 kuu 78 saal kii amar mein inteqal kirr gayey. wah shaadi shadah thaa noow. 3yee 1834yee emili misachosts kay naatak kay ddakan simoil faskay kii betty juu 5 maarch 1843 kuu inteqal kirr gayein eek betty chhod kirr. iss kii agli shaadi hoyee thee jaan. 14yee 1846yee leadiya see.yee azat kii betty. paal govarth concord neo hampshire aur behan aann. shikago kay jaan govarth vovo inn kaa inteqal 6 maarch 1855 kuu hawaa vovo inn kay chaar beton mein say duu bachpan mein hyee inteqal kirr gayey. iss kii dobarah shaadi 3 joone 1856 kuu riyo kii bewah meeri jaine say hoyee. dude pee. grain feld neo hampshire kay samath hown kii betty. simoil chandler bedford neo hampshire kay aur hown kii behan. zicharia chandler mashee gunn kaa. inn kaa inteqal 17 mayee 1881 kuu hawaa.