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9702 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright%20infringement | Copyright infringement | Copyright infringement (or copyright violation) is the use of material which is covered by copyright law, in a way that violates one of the original copyright owner's "exclusive rights", such as the right to reproduce or perform the copyrighted work, or to make derivative works that build upon it. The slang term bootleg (from the use of boots to smuggle items) is often used to describe illegally copied material.
Some people call illegally copying movies and music, "piracy" or "theft". Richard Stallman says people should not call copying and distribution "piracy", because piracy is robbery with attacking ships, killing and stealing people, and owners of copyright use the word to say that such copying is as evil as piracy. Some courts say that the word "piracy" may be used, but the word "theft" may not be used. When people use the word "piracy" for copyright infringement, it usually means "selling of many copies without permission", but sometimes any "big copyright infringement".
Motivation
There are a few reasons why people violate copyrights. Copyright infringed goods are usually cheaper than legal ones, because the people distributing them don't need to pay for the copyright. That can make them easier to sell. Normal goods might also not be as useful as copyright infringed ones because of legal limitations.
Internet piracy
Copyright laws have tried to keep up with the development of technology, such as radio, television, and the internet. Now many people upload some articles to websites that allow people to read free articles on it without the permission of the author. In this way, people can read many articles easily, but it is illegal. As a result, many authors prosecute the website.
The normal behaviors of copy infringement
Here are the normal behaviors of copy infringement.
Copy or photocopying.
Let other people browse for free in public.
Distribute or sold after reforming.
The harm of copyright infringement
Piracy goods are usually at low price because they don't need to pay for copyright and carry out research. So it is popular with the people who don't have awareness of copyright. On the surface, it will limit the monopoly of big company. But in fact, it is a means of unfair competition and damages the fair competition pattern. What's more, it will have a bad consequence on the competitiveness of middle or small sized companies.
Benefits of copyright infringement
There are some benefits to society of limiting copyright. One is to expand readership of newspapers and books to a wider section of the public. Newspapers were once relatively expensive, but copies were freely available in coffee houses throughout Europe. The invention of public libraries had the same effect for books. Many great people in the 18th and 19th century came from poor backgrounds. Such people as Michael Faraday (the son of a blacksmith) and Alfred Russel Wallace had no university education, but used libraries to get their knowledge up-to-date. The aim of copyright law is to have a balance between these two sides: the needs of authors and publishers, and the broader needs of society.
Examples
1.Well-known writers vs. Baidu On March 15, 2011, HanHan and many other well-known writers prosecuted Baidu Library because it allowed people to read and download their articles for free. They asked Baidu to pay for it but Baidu rejected the compensation.
2.Princeton University Press v. Michigan Document Services (1996)
Michigan Document Services was involved in creating packages of study material for the students of the university. A professor supplied the course material and Michigan Document services, a photocopying organization, took photocopies of the material and converted it into a booklet for sale to students at the university.
Here was a clause of "Fair use" in this case. The photocopying company could have paid a nominal fee to the university and then used the material. This was available to anyone who wished to use the material. However, the photocopying company paid for only the original and then started making photocopies of the study material. The court considered that it was not "fair use" and penalized the photocopying company.
3.A & M Records vs. Napster (2001)
This is one of the most famous cases of copyright infringement related to the music industry. As peer to peer file sharing increased, Napster started a website. This website offered downloads of songs of all genres – new and old. You may know someone who used it. A & M Records brought in a joint copyright infringement case which accused Napster of stealing music and making it available to people worldwide. Before closing the site in 2002, Napster had to settle US$26 million to different recording companies and songwriters. It could have even more if Napster had not apologized and folded the site.Several websites still thrive on offering free music to people who can download it at no cost. As mentioned in our article on "Internet Ethics and Copyright Laws", the music industry faces most copyright infringement cases. The Napster case, though an example of the consequences, still does not act as a deterrent for other music websites that offer free music downloads.
The opinions of the public
As opposed to the writers, many people think it's convenient and cheap to read books and other articles on the internet. They think free articles are good for them. On the other hand, some people think it is illegal to provide free articles download without authors permission. They think the best way to avoid this problem is to pay for reading on the Internet.
Copyright test case
In 2014 selfies taken by a crested black macaque seemed to establish a legal precedent, after the Wikimedia Foundation rejected a copyright claim.
The photos had been sold widely by David Slater, a professional nature photographer, whose camera was temporarily carried away by a group of macaques. After the photos were uploaded to Wikipedia, the organisation refused to delete them, claiming "This file is in the public domain, because as the work of a non-human animal, it has no human author in whom copyright is vested.
References
Property crimes
Copyright |
9706 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Women%27s%20Day | International Women's Day | International Women's Day is celebrated every year on March 8. International Women's Day has been observed since 1909 in the United States. After a while the people of United States stopped celebrating this holiday. In the 1920s Soviet Union, and then some other Communist countries like China and Cuba, started celebrating this day as a holiday for women and world peace. Since then the holiday has become more and more popular around the world.
In many places, the day does not have a political aspect, and is simply a time for men to express their love for women. It is similar to a mixture of Mother's Day and Valentine's Day. Men present their mothers, wives, girlfriends, colleagues, etc. with flowers and small gifts. In some countries International Women's Day is observed like Mother's Day, where children give small gifts to their mothers and grandmothers. In some countries, women get a half day off work. Often, schools will have a celebration where students will honor their teachers.
In 1975, the United Nations also started to recognize this holiday for women's rights. The UN chooses a political or social theme for the holiday each year. For example, the 2011 theme was ""Equal access to education, training and science and technology: Pathway to decent work for women." and the 2012 theme is "Women in leadership: Achieving an equal future in a COVID-19 world". In this way, the holiday is a time to look at the social and economic problems women have around the world.
International Women's Day is now an official holiday in Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, China, Cuba, Ecuador, Georgia, Italy, Israel, Laos, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Tajikistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, and Vietnam.
Other websites
Other page
Women's History Month
Observances
Human rights |
9707 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/May%20Day | May Day | May 1 is known in many countries as May Day or International Labor Day for human rights of workers. This day is a holiday in most countries, including UK,China, Cuba, Czech republic, France, Russia, Brazil, Austria, Germany, Serbia, Hungary, North Macedonia, Romania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kenya, Slovenia, Slovakia, Norway, Sweden, Turkey, Portugal, Bulgaria, Vietnam and Argentina.
Holidays
May events |
9709 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beirut | Beirut | Beirut is the capital of Lebanon. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities of the world. It is on a hilly promontory on the eastern Mediterranean surrounded to the east by the snow-capped mountains of Lebanon. Before the civil war it was a cultural center of the Arab World, a major international financial, banking and media center and was called the Switzerland of the Middle East. It was called the Paris of the Middle East.
Gallery
References
Linda Jones Hall, Roman Berytus: Beirut in Late Antiquity, 2004.
Samir Kassir, Histoire de Beyrouth, Fayard 2003.
Richard Talbert, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, (), p. 69.
Other websites
Official website of Beirut
Downtown Beirut
Discover Lebanon - Beirut photos and images, virtual tour, Allenby street, parliament, museum
Phoenicia |
9710 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy%20Ajram | Nancy Ajram | Nancy Ajram or Nancy Agram (, born May 16, 1983) is a popular Arab singer from Lebanon. Her musical videos, directed by Nadine Labaki, also Lebanese, revolutionized the Arab music industry.
She had quite a normal childhood with her small family that consisted of her parents, her sister and brother and herself. But when Nancy Ajram was 12, she participated in a television program called "Nojoum Al Mostakbal" (which means "Stars of the Future") and actually won first prize. Soon after, Ajram began studying music under the supervision of some of the finest teachers in her country. When she turned 18, she joined the Syndicate of Professional Artists in Lebanon - after they made an exception because of her age.
Her first album; Mehtagalak, was released in 1998 and marked her first official step in the world of show business. But, it took the young singer another 3 years to launch her second album Shil Eyounak Aney in 2001. Then her true hit came with her third album Ya Salam in 2003. The singer stressed the success of the album by shooting four of its songs; Akhasmak Ah, Ya Salam, Yay - Sehr Eyounoh and Nasseto Gar7o in the form of video clips. The clips were a tremendous hit and gained popularity in such a short time and gave the singer incredible fame in the Arab world.
Her most popular album is Ah we Nos which was released in 2004. Nancy shot again four video clips for this Album. Ah w Noss, Lawn Oyounak, Oul Tani Eih and Enta Eih.
As for other activities besides singing, the Lebanese diva has agreed to be the spokesperson for the international soft drink company Coca-Cola. After signing the contract with Nancy Ajram, Coca-Cola sold much more drinks in the Arab world.
Other websites
Official website
Second Official website
Nancy Ajram Zone
Nancy Ajram VideoClips
Popular FanPage
Listen to all Nancy ajram songs
1983 births
Living people
Lebanese Christians
Lebanese singers |
9711 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairuz | Fairuz | Fairuz (born Nouhad Haddad (, November 21, 1935) is a Lebanese singer. She is a living legend who has been performing for over 50 years all over the world. Her vocal range is contralto. Her first album was released in 1952. She has released 98 more albums since then.
Fairuz was born Nuhad Haddad in 1933 in Beirut, Lebanon.
1935 births
Living people
Lebanese Christians
Lebanese singers |
9713 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword | Sword | A sword is a hand-held weapon made for cutting. It is often made of metal. It has a long blade, and a handle called a hilt. Often there is some form of hand protection, such as a cross-guard or a basket. It can be used either for cutting, slashing or stabbing, depending on the type of sword.
Swords were first created from bronze by blacksmiths in Ancient Egypt in 1150 BCE. Soon other cultures adopted them, and they began to spread quite quickly. Before guns were invented, swords were much more common as a weapon. After the invention of the gun, swords remained as sidearms, as secondary weapons used in man-to-man fight once the battle lines had contacted after shooting. Since after the American Civil War, swords have not been used as much by armies, except as a ceremonial part of uniforms. Some guns, however, have bayonets to perform the same function.
Today, Sport fencing, is an Olympic games sport which uses very light swords and a strict scoring system. Western Martial Arts use swords that are much closer to the original blades, such as longswords, rapiers and sabres. The blades used are blunt, but they are much heavier than a sport fencing sword, which means the fencers need much more armour. Likewise, the Japanese sport kendo is swordplay in armour with two-handed bamboo swords called shinai.
Types of swords
There are many kinds of swords. One kind of sword is a sabre (or saber). A sabre is a curved, light sword, sharpened on one side and at the tip, and was generally used on horseback. A broadsword is a straight sword that is sharp on both sides and at the tip. A rapier is long and thin, with a basket protecting the hand. Another type of sword is a foil, used in sport fencing, and is long and thin, with a button at the tip to protect the fencers from injury. Larger swords, such as Longswords or claymores are used with two hands. In Eastern martial Arts, swords like the Katana are used. A Katana has one sharp edge and a small guard near the handle. Some Katanas are used with one hand, while other larger versions are used with two hands.
Famous swords
The sword of King Arthur, Excalibur, is one of the most famous swords, although it is suspected it is legendary and does not exist.
In a Vietnamese legend, the Dragon King gives a sword called Heaven's Will to Emperor Lê Lợi so he can free Vietnam from the Chinese.
The Frisian freedom fighters Pier Gerlofs Donia and Wijerd Jelckama are known to have wielded swords of great size. Donias sword was a long as 210 cm (seven feet) and weighed 7 kg (15 lbs). The swords are kept in the Frisian Museum in Leeuwarden.
References |
9714 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses | Moses | Moses (; in both the Septuagint and the New Testament; , ) is a person in Abrahamic religions. He was a religious leader, lawgiver, and prophet according to the Hebrew Bible. Generally, he is also seen as the author of the Torah.
He is often called Moshe Rabbenu in Hebrew (, Lit. "Moses our Teacher/Rabbi") and seen as the most important prophet in Judaism. Christianity, Islam, the Bahá'í Faith, and the Rastafari, also see him as an important prophet. Moses has also been an important symbol in American history, from the first settlers up until the present.
According to the Book of Exodus, Moses was born in a time when his people were increasing in number and the Egyptian Pharaoh was worried that they might help Egypt's enemies. Moses' Hebrew mother, Jochebed, hid him when the Pharaoh ordered all newborn Hebrew boys to be killed, and he ended up being adopted into the Egyptian royal family. After killing an Egyptian slave-master, Moses fled across the Red Sea to Midian where he tended the flocks of Jethro, a priest of Midian on the slopes of Mt. Horeb. After the Ten Plagues were unleashed on Egypt, Moses led the Hebrew people out of Egypt, across the Red Sea, where they based themselves at Horeb and compassed the borders of Edom. It was at this time that Moses received the Ten Commandments. Despite living to the age of 120, Moses died before reaching the Land of Israel.
Early life
Moses was born of the Levi tribe. The new Pharaoh, afraid of the ever-growing Israelite population, ordered every new-born Hebrew boy to be thrown into the Nile River, but let every girl live. Moses' mother Jochebed gave birth and kept him hidden for three months from Pharaoh's soldiers. When she could no longer keep him hidden, she fashioned a basket lined with tar and pitch, and placed him in the reeds along the riverbank, while his sister Miriam kept watch from a distance.
A princess, one of pharaoh's daughters, went down to the Nile to bathe. There she discovered a crying baby and noticed he was a Hebrew child. Joining the attendants, Moses' sister offered to find a Hebrew woman to nurse the baby for the princess, who agreed. Bringing Moses' real mother, the princess asked her to be the baby's wet nurse, for which she was paid. When the child grew older, she took him to pharaoh's daughter, who named him Moses, saying, "I drew him out of the water."
Moses grew up a privileged member of the court. He was well educated academically and physically. He was taught hand-to-hand combat tactics and leadership.
Upon adulthood, he killed an Egyptian guard who was beating a Hebrew slave and had to leave Egypt because the Pharaoh tried to kill him.
The Burning Bush
Moses fled to Midian, where he married Jethro's daughter, Zipora. Zipora had two sons. The old Pharaoh died and the Israelites cried loudly. God heard him. One day Moses was tending his father-in-law, Jethro's, sheep and came to Mount Horeb. God's angel made a bush burn with fire, but it did not burn up. When he came nearer, God spoke to him and ordered him to remove his shoes as he was on holy land. God commanded him to be a leader for the Israelites and bring them out of Egypt. At first Moses did not want to do it and said that he was not good with words, but God commanded him and gave Aaron, his brother, to speak for him. Moses returned to Egypt and told the elders what happened.
Moses and the Pharaoh
Moses then went to the Pharaoh and asked him to let the Israelites go. However the Pharaoh did not agree. Finally God inflicted ten plagues upon the Egyptians before Pharaoh agreed to release the Israelites. The last plague was the killing of all first-born, both human and animals. However, to save the Israelites, they were instructed to mark their doors with blood from a lamb, so that the avenging angel would see it and know to "pass over" that house.
The Pharaoh finally decided to let the Israelites go who then migrated in large numbers from Egypt. The Pharaoh later changed his mind and followed Moses and his people with an army to attack them. But Moses made the Red Sea to part and give way for Israelites to pass. The Israelites were safe but the Pharaoh's army was destroyed.
Journey in the Wilderness
Moses led the Israelites through the wilderness, and God gave them manna and quails to eat, and water from rocks to drink. He also caused the Amalekites to lose in a battle. When Moses came to Mount Sinai, he went up to receive the Ten Commandments and other laws from God. The Ten Commandments were written by God on two tablets. God also told him the instructions of the priests' duties. Moses was up the mountain for forty days and forty nights.
When the people waited for Moses and did not find him, they made Aaron, his brother, make a calf out of gold and worshiped it. God warned Moses about it, and when Moses came down and saw what they did, he was so angry that the tablets fell and they smashed into pieces. The people of Levi tribes are commanded to kill people who worshiped the calf.
Later on Moses asked God to forgive the people. God wrote for Moses two more tablets, and put them in the Ark. Moses also asked craftsmen to make the Tabernacle as God wanted.
To some people, Moses is the founder of the philosophy of law as well as such modern legal doctrines as independent judiciary and separation of powers..
Later life
While the Israelites were wandering around the wilderness, Moses was the one to whom God spoke. However, the people kept complaining about the hardships. God instructed Moses to send twelve spies to scout the land God is giving to them; however some of them became afraid because the people living there looked stronger and more powerful than they. They told the others not to go there. Only Joshua, son of Nun, and Caleb, son of Jephunneh, reported the truth as God wanted. God decided because of this that the Israelites would wander forty years in the wilderness, and every one except Joshua and Caleb from that generation would die without seeing the promised land.
God gave many laws to the Israelites through Moses. Moses made Joshua take over him before he died.
Moses died before he reached Canaan, the land God was leading his people to. He was 120 years old when he died.
Today Jews around the world follow the laws of the Ten Commandments and the Torah that God gave to them through Moses. He is also believed to be a prophet by Muslims.
The Historical Moses
The Bible, the Torah, and the Quran have references to a person called Moses in them. The name they give to the person, varies. Other people also have written about Moses. These include Tacitus and Strabo. It is not known how much these descriptions have taken from earlier sources, which may now have been lost.
No other written records from countries such as Egypt or Assyria have been found, that are from before about 850 BCE and that tell about the stories of the Bible or its main characters. There is no known physical evidence (such as pottery shards or stone tablets) to say that Moses' really existed. Pharaohs have ordered the destruction of records that put them into a bad light. Several cartouches from monuments have also been destroyed in different epochs of Ancient Egyptian history.
It looks like the story written about Moses in the Bible has two different sources. There were two groups of people who told the story. The two stories were passed on separately. Only later were they combined into the version that can now be found in the Bible. Passing on the stories from one generation to the next has perhaps also introduced inaccuracies. Some people added things to the story when they told it. They also omitted other things.
Criticism
According to the Torah, Moses ordered the death penalty for many offences. He also had defeated enemies killed. Jews, Christians and Muslims consider him to be a holy figure. For this reason, criticism of these passages of the Hebrew Bible has been left to others.
In the late eighteenth century, for example, the deist Thomas Paine commented at length on Moses' Laws in The Age of Reason. Paine also gave his view that "the character of Moses, as stated in the Bible, is the most horrid that can be imagined", giving the story at as an example. In the nineteenth century the agnostic Robert G. Ingersoll wrote "...that all the ignorant, infamous, heartless, hideous things recorded in the 'inspired' Pentateuch are not the words of God, but simply 'Some Mistakes of Moses'". In the 2000s, the atheist Richard Dawkins referring to the same passage like Paine, concluded, "No, Moses was not a great role model for modern moralists."
References
Related pages
Ten Commandments
Other websites
The Geography, Book XVI, Chapter II The entire context of the cited chapter of Strabo's work
Religious leaders
Old Testament people
Ancient Israeli people |
9715 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaan | Canaan | Canaan was an ancient country in the Levant. In the Bible, it was the land promised to Abraham and his children by God. The Canaanite people lived in this area from about 2000 BCE until the time of the Bible. It covers part of the area that is now Israel, Palestine, Syria and Lebanon.
Ancient Israel and Judah
Former countries in the Middle East
History of Jordan
History of Lebanon
History of Syria |
9716 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophet | Prophet | Prophets are people who said that God or gods talked to them. They freely teach other people what they learned. Most of them warn people that something very good will happen if they change their lives.
There are prophets in Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Mormonism, Sanamahism, Zoroastrianism, and in other religions.
For the main Abrahamic religions, there are two kinds of prophets, major and minor. Major prophets gave a lot of teachings while minor just re-teach things other prophets taught or they do not have many teachings.
Related pages
Nevi'im
Isaiah
John the Baptist
Oracle
Prophecy
Prophets of Islam
Theology |
9718 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotopaxi | Cotopaxi | Mount Cotopaxi is a volcano in Ecuador. The mountain's altitude (height) is . That is high enough for snow to fall on it, even though it is near the equator (a very warm part of the world). If the volcano erupted, it would be very bad for the people living around it because of the destruction and damage it could cause.
Cotopaxi began showing new activity. As of 25 June 2015, it was under active watch by the National Polytechnic School Geophysics Institute.
The Geophysics Institute at the National Polytechnic School in Quito houses an international team of seismologists and volcanologists whose responsibility is to monitor Ecuadors numerous active volcanoes
and the constant seismic activity in the Andean Volcanic Belt and the Galapagos Islands.
References
Andes
Volcanoes of Ecuador
Mountains of Ecuador |
9720 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelites | Israelites | Israelites were a Semitic people of the ancient Middle East. They lived in part of what was Canaan during the time of the Bible. This area came to be called the Land of Israel. It usually refers to a member of one of the Tribes of Israel. The term Children of Israel is also used, especially when talking about the period of the Five Books of Moses.
Israelites lived in the kingdom of Israel, in areas where the modern State of Israel is now. Israel split off from a kingdom called Judah, whose people were later called Jews. Israel was conquered by the Assyrians in 721 BCE. Judah was conquered by the Babylonians in 586 BCE. Many Jews were taken away from Judah. When the Achaemenid Empire defeated the Babylonians they let the Jews return to rebuild the Second Temple in Jerusalem about 70 years later.
Related pages
History of ancient Israel and Judah
Ancient Israel and Judah |
9724 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2011 | January 11 |
Events
Up to 1900
314 – Pope Miltiades ends his reign as the Catholic Pope.
532 – Nika riots in Constantinople.
1158 – Vladislav II becomes King of Bohemia.
1569 – First recorded lottery in England.
1571 – Austrian nobility is granted freedom of religion.
1693 – Mount Etna erupts in Sicily, Italy.
1759 – In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the first American life insurance company is incorporated.
1779 - Ching-Tang Khomba is crowned King of Manipur in present-day northeastern India.
1787 – William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, two moons of Uranus.
1805 – Michigan Territory is created.
1861 – Alabama secedes from the United States.
1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Arkansas Post – General John McClernand and Admiral David Dixon Porter capture the Arkansas River for the Union.
1866 - British passenger ship London sinks in a storm in the Bay of Biscay, killing 220 out of the 239 people on board.
1867 – Benito Juárez becomes Mexican president again.
1879 – Anglo-Zulu War begins.
1880 – Total solar eclipse blackens the sky of San Francisco one day after the funeral of Emperor Norton.
1901 1950
1902 – Popular Mechanics magazine was published for the first time.
1908 – The Grand Canyon National Monument is created.
1917 - The Kingsland Munitions Factory explosion occurs in Lyndhurst, New Jersey.
1919 – Romania annexes Transylvania.
1922 – First use of insulin to treat diabetes in a human patient.
1923 – Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments.
1927 - Louis B. Mayer, head of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, announces the creation of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
1935 – Amelia Earhart is the first woman to fly solo from Hawaii to California.
1938 – Frances Moulton is the first woman to become president of a US national bank.
1942 – Japan declares war on the Netherlands and invades the Netherlands East Indies.
1942 – The Japanese capture Kuala Lumpur.
1943 – The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China.
1946 – Enver Hoxha declares the People's Republic of Albania with himself as dictator.
1946 – Porfirio Barba-Jacob's ashes go back to Colombia.
1949 – First recorded case of snowfall in Los Angeles, California.
From 1951
1954 - A series of avalanches in the state of Vorarlberg in Austria kills 135 people.
1957 – The African Convention is founded in Dakar.
1960 – Chad declares its independence.
1962 – An avalanche occurs in the Huascaran region in Peru; 4,000 deaths.
1962 - Cold War: While tied to its pier in Polyarny, the Soviet submarine B-37 is destroyed when fire breaks out in its torpedo compartment.
1963 – The Whisky A Go-Go night club in Los Angeles, the first disco in the USA, is opened.
1964 – United States Surgeon General Luther Leonidas Terry reports smoking may be hazardous to health. First such statement from US government.
1972 – East Pakistan becomes Bangladesh.
1973 – Beginning of the Watergate burglars trial.
1974 – The world's first surviving set of sextuplets are born to Susan Rosenkowitz in Cape Town, South Africa.
1976 - In Ecuador, Guillermo Rodriguez Lara is removed from power by the military.
1980 – Nigel Short, 14, is the youngest chess player to be given the degree of International Master.
1981 - In Spain, Cantabria becomes an autonomous community.
1982 – A cold snap sends temperatures to record lows in dozens of cities throughout the Midwestern United States.
1986 – The Gateway Bridge, Brisbane in Queensland, Australia was officially opened.
1990 – 300,000 march in favor of Lithuanian independence.
1992 – Paul Simon is the first major artist to tour South Africa after the end of the cultural boycott.
1994 – Irish Government announces the end of a 15-year broadcasting ban on the IRA and its political arm Sinn Féin
1996 – Haiti becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1996 - Ryutaro Hashimoto becomes Prime Minister of Japan.
1998 – Sidi-Hamed massacre in Algeria; over 100 people killed.
2001 – The Federal Trade Commission approved the merger of AOL and Time Warner to form AOL Time Warner.
2002 - The first prisoners arrive at the US detention center in Guantanamo Bay, on the island of Cuba.
2003 – Illinois governor George H. Ryan announces decision to grant clemency to all inmates of death row.
2005 – Black Tuesday bushfires swept across the southern Eyre Peninsula in South Australia.
2013 - President of France François Hollande authorizes military intervention in the conflict in Mali.
2015 - Over a million people march in Paris for freedom of speech after the attack on Charlie Hebdo magazine a few days earlier.
2015 - Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic is elected to become the first female President of Croatia.
2018 - US President Donald Trump is involved in a racism controversy over words he is said to have used to describe Haiti, El Salvador and African countries.
Births
Up to 1900
347 – Theodosius I, Roman Emperor (d. 395)
1209 - Möngke Khan, Mongol Emperor (d. 1259)
1322 – Emperor Komyo of Japan (d. 1380)
1359 – Emperor Go-En'yu of Japan (d. 1393)
1395 - Michelle of Valois, Duchess of Burgundy (d. 1422)
1503 - Parmigianino, Italian artist (d. 1540)
1591 - Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, English Civil War general (d. 1646)
1638 – Nicolaus Steno, Danish physician, scientist and bishop (d. 1686)
1642 - Johann Friedrich Alberti, German composer and organist (d. 1710)
1671 - François-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie, French military leader (d. 1745)
1695 - Francis Scott, 2nd Duke of Buccleuch, Scottish nobleman (d. 1751)
1755 or 1757 – Alexander Hamilton, American politician (d. 1804)
1757 - Samuel Bentham, English mechanical engineer (d. 1831)
1760 - Oliver Wolcott, Jr., American politician (d. 1833)
1786 – Joseph Jackson Lister, English optician and physicist (d. 1869)
1788 - William Thomas Brande, English chemist (d. 1866)
1793 - Cave Johnson, American politician (d. 1866)
1805 - Johann Nepomuk Geiger, Austrian painter (d. 1880)
1807 - Ezra Cornell, American businessman and university founder (d. 1874)
1814 - James Paget, English surgeon and pathologist (d. 1899)
1814 - William Bigler, 12th Governor of Pennsylvania (d. 1880)
1815 – John A. Macdonald, Scottish-born first Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1891)
1838 - Giovanni Cagliero, Italian diplomat (d. 1926)
1839 - Eugenio Maria de Hostos, Puerto Rican educator and nationalist (d. 1903)
1842 – William James, American psychologist and philosopher (d. 1910)
1852 – Constantin Fehrenbach, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1926)
1853 – Georgios Jakobides, Greek painter (d. 1926)
1858 – Harry Gordon Selfridge, American retailer (d. 1947)
1859 - George Nathaniel Curzon, British Viceroy of India (d. 1925)
1862 - Joseph Nelson Rose, American botanist (d. 1928)
1865 - Johannes Franz Hartmann, German astronomer (d. 1936)
1868 - Cai Yuanpei, Chinese philosopher, academic and politician (d. 1940)
1870 – Alexander Stirling Calder, American sculptor (d. 1945)
1872 - Herbert Baddeley, British tennis player (d. 1931)
1872 - Wilfred Baddeley, British tennis player (d. 1929)
1872 - George Joseph Smith, British serial killer (d. 1915)
1878 - Theodoros Pangalos, Greek general (d. 1952)
1885 - Alice Paul, American suffragette and women's rights activist (d. 1977)
1890 - Harold Bride, British wireless officer on the RMS Titanic (d. 1956)
1895 – Laurens Hammond, American inventor (d. 1973)
1897 – August Heissmeyer, German SS officer (d. 1979)
1899 - Eva Le Gallienne, English-American actress (d. 1991)
1901 1950
1901 - Kwak Ki-ok, Korean pilot (d. 1988)
1902 - Maurice Durufle, French composer (d. 1986)
1903 - Alan Paton, South African writer and activist (d. 1988)
1906 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss chemist (d. 2008)
1907 – Pierre Mendès France, Prime Minister of France (d. 1982)
1908 - Lionel Stander, American actor (d. 1994)
1910 - Nikos Kavvadias, Greek poet and writer (d. 1975)
1911 - Nora Heysen, Australian artist (d. 2003)
1911 - Brunhilde Pomsel, German broadcaster (d. 2017)
1911 – Zenko Suzuki, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2004)
1917 - John Robarts, 17th Premier of Ontario (d. 1982)
1918 - Gunnar Sonsteby, Norwegian Resistance activist (d. 2012)
1923 - Carroll Shelby, American racing driver, automobile designer and businessman (d. 2012)
1923 - Jerome Bixby, American author and scriptwriter (d. 1998)
1923 - Ernst Nolte, German historian and philosopher (d. 2016)
1924 – Don Cherry, American singer and golfer (d. 2018)
1924 – Roger Guillemin, French Nobel Prize laureate
1924 – Slim Harpo, American musician (d. 1970)
1926 - Lev Dyomin, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 1998)
1926 - Grant Tinker, American television executive (d. 2016)
1928 - Mitchell Ryan, American actor
1929 - Rafael Eitan, Israeli general and politician (d. 2004)
1930 - Ron Mulock, Australian politician (d. 2014)
1930 - Rod Taylor, Australian actor (d. 2015)
1932 - Alfonso Arau, Mexican movie director
1934 - Charles Antony Richard Hoare, British computer scientist
1934 – Jean Chrétien, 20th Prime Minister of Canada
1936 - Eva Hesse, German sculptor (d. 1970)
1938 – Arthur Scargill, British politician and activist
1938 - Frankie Randall, American singer-songwriter, actor and dancer (d. 2014)
1938 - Gavin Millar, Scottish movie director
1940 - Andres Tarand, Estonian geographer and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Estonia
1941 – Gerson, Brazilian footballer
1942 – Clarence Clemons, American musician (d. 2011)
1942 - Bud Acton, American basketball player
1943 - Eduardo Mendoza, Spanish writer
1944 - Mohammed Abed Elhai, Sudanese writer and academic (d. 1989)
1944 - Shibu Soren, Indian politician
1945 – Christine Kaufmann, Austrian-German actress (d. 2017)
1946 - Naomi Judd, American singer
1946 - Tony Kaye, British pianist and organist
1946 - John Piper, American theologian
1948 - Wajima Hiroshi, Japanese sumo wrestler
1948 – Terry Williams, Welsh rock drummer (Dire Straits)
1949 - Daryl Braithwaite, Australian rock music singer
1949 - Bogdan Borusewicz, Polish historian and politician
1949 - Paco Ignacio Taibo II, Mexican writer
1949 - Chris Ford, American basketball player
1949 - David Rotem, Israeli politician (d. 2015)
1949 - Mohammad Reza Rahimi, 2nd Vice President of Iran
1951 1975
1951 - Philip Tartaglia, Scottish Roman Catholic Archbishop of Glasgow
1952 - Bille Brown, Australian actor and playwright (d. 2013)
1952 - Ben Crenshaw, American golfer
1952 - Lee Ritenour, American guitarist, composer and producer
1952 - Diana Gabaldon, American author
1953 - John Sessions, Scottish actor
1954 - Vicky Peña, Spanish actress
1954 - Kailash Satyarthi, Indian children's rights activist, joint-winner of the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize
1954 - Barbara Prammer, Austrian politician (d. 2014)
1956 - Israel Yinon, Israeli conductor (d. 2015)
1957 - Claude Criquielion, Belgian cyclist (d. 2015)
1957 - Darryl Dawkins, American basketball player (d. 2015)
1957 – Bryan Robson, English footballer
1958 – Vicki Peterson, American musician
1961 – Jasper Fforde, British writer
1961 – Karl Habsburg-Lothringen, Austro-Hungarian nobleman, son of Otto von Habsburg
1961 - Eva O, American musician and singer-songwriter
1962 – Kim Coles, American actress
1962 - Chris Bryant, British politician
1963 - Jason Connery, British actor
1964 - Yolanda Hadid, Dutch-American television personality and model
1965 - Edyta Bartosiewicz, Polish singer, songwriter and composer
1968 - Tom Dumont, American musician
1969 - Manny Acta, Dominican baseball player
1970 - Manfredi Beninati, Italian painter and sculptor
1970 - Chris Jent, American basketball player and coach
1970 - Malcolm D. Lee, American actor, director and screenwriter
1970 - Mustafa Sandal, Turkish pop singer, producer, dancer and actor
1971 - Tom Ward, British actor
1971 – Mary J. Blige, American singer
1972 – Amanda Peet, American actress
1972 - Konstantin Khabensky, Russian entertainer and actor
1973 - Rockmond Dunbar, American actor
1973 – Rahul Dravid, Indian cricketer
1974 – Jens Nowotny, German footballer
1975 - Matteo Renzi, Italian politician, former Mayor of Florence and Prime Minister of Italy from 2014 to 2016
1975 - Timbuktu, Swedish rapper
From 1976
1977 - Jerome Kerviel, French bank employee
1978 – Emile Heskey, English footballer
1980 - Geovanni, Brazilian footballer
1980 - Gökdeniz Karadeniz, Turkish footballer
1981 – Jamelia, English singer
1981 - Tom Meighan, English singer (Kasabian)
1981 – Jaime Valdés, Chilean footballer
1982 - Ashley Taylor Dawson, English actor
1983 – Adrian Sutil, German racing driver
1984 - Vagner Love, Brazilian footballer
1985 – Kazuki Nakajima, Japanese racing driver
1986 - Rachel Riley, English television host
1987 - Jamie Vardy, English footballer
1988 - LunchMoney Lewis, American hip hop singer
1988 - Junjun, Chinese singer
1991 - Hyolyn, South Korean actress
1992 - Lee Seung-hoon, South Korean rapper, choreographer and songwriter
1996 - Leroy Sané, German footballer
1997 - Cody Simpson, Australian singer
1998 - Louisa Johnson, English singer
Deaths
Up to 1900
705 – Pope John VI
782 - Emperor Konin of Japan (b. 709)
812 – Staurakios, Byzantine Emperor
844 - Michael I Rhangabes, Byzantine Emperor
1055 – Constantine IX Monomachos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1000)
1083 - Otto Nordheim, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1020)
1494 - Domenico Ghirlandaio, Italian artist (b. 1449)
1495 – Pedro Gonzalez de Mendoza, Spanish cardinal and statesman (b. 1428)
1547 - Pietro Bembo, Italian cardinal, scholar and theorist (b. 1470)
1696 - Charles Albanel, French priest, missionary and scholar (b. 1616)
1713 - Pierre Jurieu, French Protestant leader (b. 1637)
1753 - Hans Sloane, Ulster-Scottish physician and collector (b. 1660)
1762 – Louis-François Roubiliac, French sculptor (b. 1695)
1763 – Caspar Abel, German theologian, historian and poet (b. 1676)
1798 - Erekle II, King of Kartli and Kakheti in present-day Georgia (b. 1720)
1801 – Domenico Cimarosa, Italian composer (b. 1749)
1812 - Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch, Scottish nobleman (b. 1746)
1843 – Francis Scott Key, American lawyer and lyricist (b. 1779)
1867 – Stuart Donaldson, colonial governor of New South Wales (b. 1812)
1882 – Theodor Schwann, German physiologist (b. 1810)
1901 2000
1901 - Vasily Kalinnikov, Russian composer (b. 1866)
1914 – Carl Jacobsen, Danish brewer (b. 1842)
1923 – King Constantine I of Greece (b. 1868)
1928 – Thomas Hardy, English writer (b. 1840)
1941 – Emanuel Lasker, German chess player (b. 1868)
1944 - Galeazzo Ciano, Italian politician (b. 1903)
1947 - Eva Tanguay, Canadian-born singer and entertainer (b. 1879)
1953 – Noe Zhordania, Georgian politician (b. 1868)
1958 - Edna Purviance, Canadian-born singer and entertainer (b. 1895)
1965 – Wally Pipp, American baseball player (b. 1893)
1966 – Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor (b. 1901)
1966 – Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish runner (b. 1889)
1966 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, Prime Minister of India (b. 1904)
1968 - Moshe Zvi Segal, Israeli linguist and scholar (b. 1876)
1972 - Padraic Colum, Irish poet, novelist, dramatist and biographer (b. 1881)
1975 - Max Lorenz, German tenor (b. 1901)
1980 - Barbara Pym, English novelist (b. 1913)
1985 - William McKell, Premier of New South Wales and Governor-General of Australia (b. 1891)
1985 - Edward Buzzell, American actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1895)
1988 – Isidor Isaac Rabi, American physicist (b. 1898)
1991 – Carl David Anderson, American physicist (b. 1905)
1994 - Helmut Poppendick, German physician (b. 1902)
1996 - Roger Crozier, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach and manager (b. 1942)
1998 – Klaus Tennstedt, German conductor (b. 1926)
From 2001
2003 – Mickey Finn, English drummer (T.Rex) (b. 1947)
2008 – Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer and explorer (b. 1919)
2009 - Pio Laghi, Italian cardinal (b. 1922)
2010 – Eric Rohmer, French movie director (b. 1920)
2010 – Miep Gies, Dutch humanitarian, helper of Anne Frank (b. 1909)
2013 - Mariangela Melato, Italian actress (b. 1941)
2013 - Aaron Swartz, American computer programmer, writer and internet activist (b. 1986)
2013 - Nguyen Khanh, South Vietnamese politician (b. 1927)
2014 - Vugar Gashimov, Azerbaijani chess player (b. 1986)
2014 - Ariel Sharon, Israeli general and politician, former Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1928)
2014 - Keiko Awaji, Japanese actress (b. 1933)
2014 - Arnoldo Foà, Italian actor (b. 1916)
2014 - Muhammad Habibur Rahman, Bangladeshi jurist and politician (b. 1929)
2015 - Anita Ekberg, Swedish actress (b. 1931)
2015 - Chic Littlewood, New Zealand television personality (b. 1930)
2015 - Brian Clemens, British screenwriter (b. 1931)
2015 - Jeno Buzansky, Hungarian footballer (b. 1925)
2016 - Berge Furre, Norwegian historian, theologian and politician (b. 1937)
2016 - Brian Johnson, Australian rugby league player (b. 1956)
2016 - Gunnel Vallquist, Swedish writer and translator (b. 1918)
2016 - Monte Irvin, American baseball player (b. 1919)
2016 - David Margulies, American actor (b. 1937)
2016 - William Del Monte, American centenarian (b. 1906)
2017 - Tommy Allsup, American musician (b. 1931)
2017 - Tony Booth, English artist (b. 1933)
2017 - Adenan Satem, Malaysian politician, 5th Chief Minister of Sarawak (b. 1944)
2017 - Saeeduzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani politician, Governor of Sindh (b. 1938)
2017 - François Van der Elst, Belgian footballer (b. 1954)
2017 - Brian Fletcher, English jockey (b. 1947)
2017 - Nikolay Neprimerov, Russian physicist (b. 1921)
2017 - Newman Hoar, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1920)
2018 - Doug Barnard, Jr., American politician (b. 1922)
2018 - Stephane Gauger, Vietnamese-American film director (b. 1969)
2018 - Edgar Ray Killen, American convicted murderer (b. 1925)
2018 - Takis Loukanidis, Greek footballer (b. 1937)
2019 - Michael Atiyah, British-Lebanese mathematician (b. 1929)
2019 - Steffan Lewis, Welsh politician (b. 1984)
2019 - Dimitris Sioufas, Greek politician (b. 1944)
Observances
Kagami Biraki (Japan)
Republic Day (Albania)
Day of National Unity (Nepal)
Burning the Clavie (Old Scottish New Year tradition)
Days of the year |
9725 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2012 | January 12 |
Events
Up to 1900
475 - Basiliscus becomes Emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
1528 – Gustav Vasa becomes King of Sweden.
1539 - The Treaty of Toledo is signed by King Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
1554 - Bayinnaung is crowned King of Burma.
1616 - The city of Belem, in the present-day state of Para, Brazil, is founded by Francisco Caldeira Castelo Branco.
1807 - A ship loaded with gunpowder explodes, killing 151 people in the Dutch city of Leiden.
1846 - In France, a General Amnesty is given to people who took part in the French Revolution.
1848 - The Palermo Rising takes place in Sicily against the Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
1866 – The Royal Aeronautical Society is founded in London.
1872 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum; the first coronation in Axum for over 200 years.
1888 - The Schoolhouse Blizzard sweeps across the Great Plains states of the United States, killing 200 people, many of them schoolchildren.
1895 – The United Kingdom's National Trust is founded.
1898 – Ito Hirobumi becomes Prime Minister of Japan for a third time.
1899 - 13 crew members and 5 apprentices are rescued from stricken schooner Forest Hall by the Lynmouth Lifeboat, after getting into difficulty off Devon, England.
1901 2000
1905 - The Riksdagshuset, the seat of Sweden's parliament, is inaugurated in Stockholm, after eight years of building work.
1906 - Henry Campbell-Bannerman's cabinet begins widespread social reforms after a landslide victory in the United Kingdom Election.
1908 – A long-distance radio signal is sent from the Eiffel Tower for the first time.
1915 – The Rocky Mountain National Park is created by an act of the United States Congress.
1915 - The United States House of Representatives rejects giving women the vote.
1918 - In Finland a law takes effect that makes Jews full Finnish citizens.
1920 - French passenger steamer Afrique is blown against a reef on France's coast during a storm, and sinks, killing 575 out of the 609 people on board.
1921 - After the Black Sox Scandal, Kenesaw Mountain Landis is elected Major League Baseball's first commissioner.
1922 – Prime Minister of France Aristide Briand resigns.
1932 – Hattie Caraway becomes the first woman elected to the United States Senate, representing Arkansas.
1937 - Melilla, a Spanish territory bordering Morocco, becomes a German submarine base during the Spanish Civil War.
1945 – A magnitude 7.1 earthquake in Japan kills 1,900 people.
1959 - The Caves of Nerja are rediscovered in Spain.
1962 - Vietnam War: Operation Chopper, the first US combat mission of the war, takes place.
1964 – Rebels in Zanzibar revolt and proclaim a republic.
1967 - Dr. James Bedford becomes the first person to be cryonically preserved with intent of future revival.
1969 - The New York Jets of the American Football League defeat the Baltimore Colts of the National Football League in the final of the Super Bowl, in one of the biggest shock results in American football history.
1970 – Biafra capitulates, ending the Nigerian Civil War.
1971 - The sitcom All in the Family is first broadcast on CBS.
1976 - The last Spanish troops withdraw from Western Sahara.
1991 – The United States Congress authorises military force in reaction to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.
1998 – Nineteen European Nations agree to forbid human cloning.
From 2001
2001 - Downtown Disney opens to the public at Disneyland resort in Anaheim, California.
2004 – The ocean liner RMS Queen Mary 2 makes its first voyage.
2005 – Deep Impact launches on board a Delta II rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
2006 – A stampede at the Hajj pilgrimage kills 362 Muslim pilgrims.
2010 – 2010 Haiti earthquake: A major earthquake hits Haiti, killing over 200,000 people, and leaving millions of people homeless.
2016 - A bomb attack in Istanbul, Turkey, kills at least 10 people, most of them German tourists.
2019 - The roof of a mine in Shenmu in the People's Republic of China's Shaanxi province collapses, killing at least 21 people.
Births
Up to 1800
1483 - Henry III of Nassau-Breda, German nobleman (d. 1538)
1562 – Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy (d. 1630)
1576 - Petrus Scriverius, Dutch writer (d. 1660)
1580 – Jan Baptist von Helmont, Flemish scientist (d. 1644)
1588 - John Winthrop, English-born politician (d. 1649)
1628 - Claude Perrault, French folklorist (d. 1703)
1711 - Gaetano Latilla, Italian composer (d. 1788)
1716 - Antonio de Ulloa, Spanish general and politician (d. 1795)
1723 - Samuel Langdon, American college educator (d. 1797)
1724 - Frances Brooke, English author and playwright (d. 1789)
1729 - Edmund Burke, Irish statesman and philosopher (d. 1797)
1737 – John Hancock, American merchant and statesman (d. 1793)
1746 – Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Swiss educator (d. 1827)
1751 – Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (d. 1825)
1772 - Mikhail Speransky, Russian statesman, liberal reformer and professor of Mathematics (d. 1839)
1801 1900
1808 - Wilhelm Philippe Schimper, Alsatian botanist and geologist (d. 1880)
1810 – Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies (d. 1859)
1822 - Etienne Lenoir, French engineer (d. 1900)
1846 - Prince Geatan, Count of Girgenti, son of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Infante of Spain (d. 1871)
1849 - Murphy J. Foster, Governor of Louisiana (d. 1921)
1849 - Jean Béraud, Russian-French painter (d. 1935)
1852 - Joseph Joffre, French general (d. 1931)
1853 - Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro, Italian mathematician (d. 1925)
1856 – John Singer Sargent, American painter (d. 1925)
1863 – Swami Vivekananda, Indian philosopher (d. 1902)
1869 - Bhagwan Das, Indian politician and educator (d. 1958)
1873 – Spiridon Louis, Greek athlete (d. 1940)
1874 - James Juvenal, American rower (d. 1942)
1876 - Fevzi Cakmak, Turkish field marshal and Prime Minister (d. 1950)
1876 – Jack London, American writer (d. 1916)
1877 - Frank J. Corr, American politician (d. 1934)
1878 - Ferenc Molnár, Hungarian writer and journalist (d. 1952)
1879 - Anton Uesson, Estonian politician and engineer (d. 1942)
1882 - Milton Sills, American actor (d. 1930)
1884 - Texas Guinan, American actress (d. 1933)
1890 - Johannes Vares, Estonian poet, physician and politician (d. 1946)
1892 – Mikhail Gurevich, Russian engineer (d. 1976)
1893 – Hermann Göring, Nazi official (d. 1946)
1894 - Georges Carpentier, French boxer (d. 1975)
1896 - Keen Johnson, American politician, 45th Governor of Kentucky (d. 1970)
1899 – Paul Hermann Müller, Swiss chemist (d. 1965)
1899 - Pierre Bernac, French baritone (d. 1979)
1901 1950
1903 - Igor Kurchatov, Russian physicist (d. 1960)
1905 - Tex Ritter, American country music singer and actor (d. 1974)
1906 - Emmanuel Levinas, French philosopher (d. 1995)
1907 - Sergei Korolev, Russian rocket scientist (d. 1966)
1908 – Jean Delannoy, French director (d. 2008)
1910 – Luise Rainer, German actress (d. 2014)
1910 - Géry Leuliet, French bishop (d. 2015)
1910 - Patsy Kelly, American actress (d. 1981)
1916 – Pieter Willem Botha, South African politician (d. 2006)
1917 – Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Indian spiritualist (d. 2008)
1920 - Katja of Sweden, Swedish fashion designer (d. 2017)
1923 - Ira Hayes, American marine who raised the US Flag on Iwo Jima (d. 1955)
1923 - Alice Miller, Polish-born Swiss psychologist, author and painter (d. 2010)
1925 - Katherine MacGregor, American actress (d. 2018)
1925 - Bill Burrud, American television host (d. 1990)
1926 - Ray Price, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2013)
1926 - Shumon Miura, Japanese author (d. 2017)
1926 – Morton Feldman, American composer (d. 1987)
1927 - Ignatz Bubis, chairman of the Federal Council of Jews in Germany (d. 1999)
1927 - Leopoldo Federico, Argentine musician, arranger, director and producer (d. 2014)
1928 - George E. R. Kinnear II, American admiral (d. 2015)
1929 – Jaakko Hintikka, Finnish philosopher (d. 2015)
1929 - Alasdair MacIntyre, Scottish-American philosopher
1932 - Des O'Connor, British television presenter and entertainer
1933 – Michael Aspel, British television presenter
1933 - Boris Khimichev, Russian actor (d. 2014)
1934 - Ebrahim Nafae, Egyptian journalist (d. 2018)
1936 - Sir William McAlpine, 6th Baronet, British engineering businessman (d. 2018)
1936 - Raimonds Pauls, Latvian pianist and composer
1936 - Brajanath Ratha, Indian poet (d. 2014)
1936 - Jennifer Hilton, Baroness Hilton of Eggardon, English police officer and politician
1937 - Vicente Sardinero, Spanish opera singer (d. 2002)
1937 - Marie Dubois, French actress (d. 2014)
1944 – Joe Frazier, American boxer (d. 2011)
1944 - Vlastimil Hort, Czech-German chess player
1944 - Jim Gray, American computer scientist (d. 2007)
1946 - George Duke, American keyboardist (d. 2013)
1946 - Hazel Cosgrove, Lady Cosgrove, Scottish lawyer and judge
1948 – Gordon Campbell, Canadian politician
1948 - Brendan Foster, English athlete and athletics commentator
1949 - Bagrat de Bagration y de Baviera, Spanish royal (d. 2017)
1949 – Ottmar Hitzfeld, German football manager
1949 – Haruki Murakami, Japanese writer
1949 - Kentaro Haneda, Japanese composer (d. 2007)
1949 - Hamadi Jebali, Tunisian politician
1950 – Dorrit Moussaieff, former First Lady of Iceland
1950 - Sheila Jackson-Lee, American politician
1950 - Patrice Dominguez, French tennis player (d. 2015)
1951 1975
1951 – Kirstie Alley, American actress
1951 – Rush Limbaugh, American radio personality, writer and political commentator
1951 - Larry Hoppen, American singer-songwriter and musician (Orleans) (d. 2012)
1952 - Walter Mosley, American writer
1952 - John Walker, New Zealand runner
1954 - Felipe Rose, American musician
1954 – Howard Stern, American radio personality and writer
1956 - Marie Colvin, American journalist (d. 2012)
1958 - Alexander Pochinok, Russian economist and politician (d. 2014)
1958 - Christiane Amanpour, Iranian-British journalist
1959 - Nick Nairn, Scottish celebrity chef
1959 – Per Gessle, Swedish songwriter and musician (Roxette)
1959 - Blixa Bargeld, German musician
1960 - Oliver Platt, American actor
1960 - Dominique Wilkins, American basketball player
1961 – Andrea Carnevale, Italian footballer
1962 - Joe Quesada, American comic book writer and artist
1964 – Jeff Bezos, American entrepreneur, founder of Amazon.com
1964 - Laura Gildemeister, Argentine tennis player
1964 - Clare Holman, British actress
1965 - Rob Zombie, American musician
1966 - Olivier Martinez, French actor
1968 – Heather Mills, British activist
1968 – Mauro Silva, Brazilian footballer
1969 – David Mitchell, British writer
1970 – Zack de la Rocha, American musician
1970 - Raekwon, American rapper
1971 – David McAllister, German politician
1971 - Scott Burrell, American basketball player
1971 - Peter Madsen, Danish engineer, entrepreneur and murder suspect
1972 - Priyanka Gandhi, Indian politician
1972 - Espen Knutsen, Norwegian ice hockey player
1973 - Hande Yener, Turkish singer
1974 - Tor Arne Hetland, Norwegian cross-country skier
1974 – Melanie Chisholm, British singer, formerly of the Spice Girls
1975 - Jocelyn Thibault, Canadian ice hockey player
1975 - Jason Freese, American musician
From 1976
1976 - Piolo Pascual, Filipino actor, director and producer
1978 – Bonaventure Kalou, Ivorian footballer
1979 - Lee Bo-young, South Korean actress and model
1979 – Grzegorz Rasiak, Polish footballer
1981 - Amerie, American singer-songwriter, producer and actress
1981 - Tony Lochhead, New Zealand footballer
1982 - Paul-Henri Mathieu, French tennis player
1982 - Dean Whitehead, English footballer
1984 - Oribe Peralta, Mexican footballer
1984 - Andrew Chan, Australian drug trafficker (d. 2015)
1986 - Pablo Daniel Osvaldo, Argentine-Italian footballer
1986 - Kieron Richardson, English actor
1987 - Naya Rivera, American actress and singer
1987 - Edoardo Mortara, Italian racing driver
1988 - Claude Giroux, Canadian ice hockey player
1989 - Axel Witsel, Belgian footballer
1990 – Sergey Karjakin, Ukrainian-born Russian chess player
1991 – Pixie Lott, English singer-songwriter and actress
1992 - Mao Kobayashi, Japanese model and singer
1992 - Georgia May Jagger, English model
1993 – Zayn Malik, English singer (One Direction)
1994 - Emre Can, German footballer
1996 - Ai Hashimoto, Japanese actress and fashion model
1996 - Ella Henderson, English singer-songwriter
1998 - Nathan Gamble, American actor
Deaths
Up to 1900
690 - Benedict Biscop, English saint (b. 628)
1167 - Aelred of Rievaulx, English saint (b. 1110)
1321 - Maria of Brabant, Queen of France (b. 1256)
1519 – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1459)
1665 – Pierre de Fermat, French mathematician and lawyer (b. 1601)
1674 - Giacomo Carissimi, Italian composer (b. 1605)
1705 – Luca Giordano, Italian artist (b. 1634)
1735 - John Eccles, English composer (b. 1668)
1759 – Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange (b. 1709)
1781 - Richard Challoner, English bishop (b. 1691)
1829 – Friedrich von Schlegel, German poet (b. 1772)
1834 – William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1759)
1856 – L'udovit Stur, Slovakian politician and writer of the Slovak language (b. 1815)
1875 – Tongzhi Emperor of China (b. 1856)
1875 - Thomas E. Bramlette, Governor of Kentucky (b. 1817)
1897 – Isaac Pitman, British inventor (b. 1813)
1901 2000
1909 - Hermann Minkowski, Polish-German mathematician (b. 1864)
1911 - Georg Jellinek, German public lawyer (b. 1851)
1916 - Georgios Theotokis, Greek politician, 80th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1844)
1921 - Gervase Elwes, English tenor (b. 1866)
1926 - Austin Chapman, Australian politician (b. 1864)
1934 - Paul Kochanski, Polish violinist and composer (b. 1887)
1938 – Gösta Ekman, Swedish actor (b. 1890)
1943 - Jan Campert, Dutch composer and writer (b. 1902)
1960 - Nevil Shute, English writer (b. 1899)
1962 - Ariadna Tyrkova-Williams, Russian journalist and activist (b. 1869)
1964 - Boss Johnson, Canadian politician (b. 1890)
1965 - Lorraine Hansberry, American author, playwright and director (b. 1930)
1974 - Princess Patricia of Connaught (b. 1886)
1976 – Agatha Christie, English writer (b. 1890)
1977 - Henri-Georges Clouzot, French movie director and screenwriter (b. 1907)
1983 - Rebop Kwaku Baah, Ghanaian musician (b. 1944)
1983 – Nikolai Podgorny, President of the USSR (b. 1903)
1997 – Charles B. Huggins, Canadian cancer researcher (b. 1901)
1999 - Betty Lou Gerson, American voice actress (b. 1914)
2001 2015
2002 – Cyrus Vance, United States Secretary of State (b. 1917)
2003 – Maurice Gibb, British singer (Bee Gees) (b. 1949)
2003 – Leopoldo Galtieri, Argentine military leader (b. 1926)
2004 - Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya, Russian mathematician and physicist (b. 1922)
2005 – Amrish Puri, Indian actor (b. 1932)
2007 - Alice Coltrane, American jazz musician (b. 1937)
2009 – Claude Berri, French movie director (b. 1934)
2009 – Arne Naess, Norwegian philosopher (b. 1912)
2010 - Daniel Bensaïd, French philosopher (b. 1946)
2010 - Notable victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, including:
Zilda Arns, Brazilian pediatrician and aid worker (b. 1934)
Georges Anglade, Haitian writer (b. 1944)
Serge Marcil, Canadian politician (b. 1944)
Flo Mcgarrell, Italian artist (b. 1974)
Hédi Annabi, Tunisian diplomat (b. 1943)
Jimmy O, Haitian hip hop musican (b. 1974)
2012 - Reginald Hill, British writer (b. 1936)
2012 – Bill Janklow, American politician, former Governor of South Dakota (b. 1939)
2013 - Koto Okubo, Japanese supercentenarian (b. 1897)
2014 - Alexandra Bastedo, British actress (b. 1946)
2014 - Frank Marth, American actor (b. 1923)
2014 - John Horsley, British actor (b. 1920)
2014 - John Button, British racing driver (b. 1943)
2015 - Elena Obraztsova, Russian mezzo-soprano (b. 1939)
2015 - Carl Long, American baseball player (b. 1935)
2015 - James Naanman Daman, Nigerian bishop (b. 1956)
2015 - Frank Glazer, American pianist and composer (b. 1915)
2015 - Steve Gold, British computer scientist (b. 1956)
2015 - Robert Gover, American author (b. 1929)
2015 - Paul Morgan, Welsh rugby player (b. 1974)
2015 - Bonnie Christensen, American children's book author and illustrator (b. 1951)
From 2016
2016 - Ivan Bukavshin, Russian chess player (b. 1995)
2016 - Andrew Smith, American basketball player (b. 1990)
2016 - Robert Black, Scottish serial killer (b. 1947)
2016 - Rose Chibambo, Malawian politician (b. 1928)
2016 - William Needles, American actor (b. 1919)
2016 - Dave Sime, American sprinter (b. 1936)
2016 - Carolyn D. Wright, American poet (b. 1949)
2017 - Giulio Angioni, Italian writer and anthropologist (b. 1939)
2017 - Meir Banai, Israeli singer (b. 1961)
2017 - William Peter Blatty, American writer (b. 1928)
2017 - Anthony King, Canadian-British political scientist (b. 1934)
2017 - Milton Metz, American radio and television sports presenter (b. 1921)
2017 - Vsevolod Murakhovsky, Ukrainian-Russian politician (b. 1926)
2017 - Graham Taylor, English football manager (b. 1944)
2018 - Frankie Muse Freeman, American civil rights attorney (b. 1916)
2018 - John V. Tunney, American politician, former United States Senator from California (b. 1934)
2018 - Jean-Louis Koszul, French mathematician (b. 1921)
2018 - Keith Jackson, American sportscaster (b. 1928)
2018 - Doodhnath Singh, Indian writer (b. 1936)
2018 - Eddy Beugels, Dutch cyclist (b. 1944)
2018 - Bella Emberg, English actress (b. 1937)
2018 - Pierre Pincemaille, French organist
2019 - George Brady, Czech-Canadian Holocaust survivor (b. 1928)
2019 - Etsuko Ichihara, Japanese actress (b. 1936)
2019 - Joe M. Jackson, American United States Air Force officer (b. 1923)
2019 - Batton Lash, American comic book writer and activist (b. 1953)
2019 - Jaime Rosenthal, Vice president of Honduras (b. 1936)
2019 - Patricia Wald, American judge (b. 1928)
Observances
Memorial Day (Turkmenistan)
National Youth Day (India)
Zanzibar Revolution Day (Tanzania)
Days of the year |
9726 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2013 | January 13 |
Events
Up to 1900
888 - Odo, Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks.
1328 – Edward III of England marries Philippa of Hainault.
1733 – James Oglethorpe and 130 colonists arrive at Charleston, South Carolina.
1750 - Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Madrid to agree on their colonial policy.
1822 – The design of the Flag of Greece is adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus.
1830 – The Great Fire of New Orleans begins.
1840 – The steamship Lexington burns and sinks 4 miles off Long Island, New York, killing 139 people.
1893 – The independent British Labour Party holds its first meeting.
1893 - United States marines land in Honolulu, Hawaii from the ship USS Boston to prevent Queen Liliuokalani from abandoning the Bayonet Constitution.
1898 - Émile Zola's J'accuse exposes the Dreyfus affair.
1901 2000
1908 - The Rhoads Opera House fire in Boyertown, Pennsylvania, killing 171 people.
1910 - The first public radio broadcast takes place from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.
1915 - An earthquake in Avezzano, Italy, kills 29,800 people.
1917 - A train crash near Ciurea, Romania, kills between 600 and 1,000 people.
1930 – An expedition led by Douglas Mawson discovers the Aagaard Islands off Antarctica.
1935 – Most voters in Saarland decide to become part of Germany.
1939 - The Black Friday bush fires burn 20,000 square kilometres of land in Australia, killing 71 people.
1942 - Henry Ford patents a plastic automobile.
1951 - First Indochina War: The Battle of Vinh Yen begins, later ending in French victory.
1953 – Josip Broz Tito is chosen as the President of Yugoslavia.
1963 – A coup in Togo kills the country's first President, Sylvanus Olympio.
1964 – An Anti-Muslim riot in Calcutta leaves 100 people dead.
1964 – Karol Woityla, later Pope John Paul II, becomes archbishop of Krakow.
1972 – A coup occurs in Ghana.
1974 - Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport opens to the public.
1982 - Air Florida Flight 90, a Boeing 737 jet, crashes into Washington, DC's 14th Street Bridge, shortly after take-off, and falls into the Potomac River, killing 74 people on board, and 4 motorists on the bridge.
1985 – Africa's worst rail disaster occurs in Awash, northeastern Ethiopia, when a train plunges into a ravine, killing 428 people.
1986 – Voyager 2 discovers three moons of Uranus: Desdemona, Belinda and Rosalind.
1986 - A civil war begins in Yemen.
1990 – The US' first elected African American state Governor, L. Douglas Wilder, takes office in Virginia.
1991 – Soviet troops crush a pro-independence demonstration in Vilnius, Lithuania, killing 14 people, and wounding over 1,000.
1993 – Space Shuttle Endeavour lifts off, as STS-54 launches from Cape Canaveral.
1993 – Erich Honecker and his wife Margot go into exile in Chile.
From 2001
2001 – An earthquake that was 7.6 on the Richter scale hits all of El Salvador, killing over 800 people.
2012 – The 2012 Winter Youth Olympics begin in Innsbruck, Austria. These are the first Winter Youth Olympics.
2012 - Italian cruise ship Costa Concordia crashes onto rocks off the island of Giglio, off the coast of Tuscany, Italy, killing 32 people.
2018 - 2018 Hawaii false missile alert: An alert falsely claiming there was an incoming missile causes panic in Hawaii.
2019 - Pawel Adamowicz, Mayor of the Polish city of Gdansk, is stabbed during a charity event; he dies the next day, aged 53.
Births
Up to 1900
5 BC - Emperor Guangwu of Han, Chinese ruler (d. 57)
101 - Lucius Aelius, adoptive son of Roman Emperor Hadrian (d. 138)
1334 – Henry II of Castile (d. 1379)
1338 - Jeong Mong-ju, Korean politician, diplomat and scholar (d. 1392)
1505 – Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1571)
1596 - Jan van Goyen, Dutch artist (d. 1656)
1610 – Maria Anna of Austria, Electress of Bavaria (d. 1665)
1615 - Henrik Bjelke, Norwegian admiral (d. 1683)
1683 - Christoph Graupner, German composer (d. 1760)
1698 - Metastasio, Italian poet (d. 1782)
1763 - Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron, French-Russian general (d. 1831)
1777 – Elisa Bonaparte, Grand Duchess of Tuscany (d. 1820)
1779 - William Badger, 20th Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1852)
1787 - John Davis, 14th and 17th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1854)
1805 – Thomas Dyer, Mayor of Chicago (d. 1862)
1808 – Salmon P. Chase, Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1873)
1812 – Victor de Laprade, French poet and critic (d. 1883)
1832 - Horatio Alger, Jr., American minister and writer (d. 1899)
1836 - Giuseppe Abbati, Italian painter (d. 1868)
1845 – Félix Tisserand, French astronomer (d. 1896)
1855 – Otto Lehmann, German physicist (d. 1922)
1858 - Oskar Minkowski, Lithuanian biologist (d. 1931)
1859 - Kostis Palamas, Greek poet (d. 1943)
1861 – Max Nonne, German neurologist (d. 1959)
1864 – Wilhelm Wien, German physicist (d. 1928)
1865 - Princess Marie of Orleans, French-Danish princess (d. 1908)
1866 - Vasily Kalinnikov, Russian composer (d. 1901)
1869 - Emanuele Filiberto, 2nd Duke of Aosta, Italian aristocrat (d. 1931)
1869 - William G. Bulow, Governor of South Dakota (d. 1960)
1870 - Jedrzej Moraczewski, Polish politician (d. 1944)
1870 – Ross Granville Harrison, American biologist (d. 1959)
1880 - Herbert Brenon, American director, screenwriter and actor (d. 1958)
1883 – Prince Arthur of Connaught (d. 1938)
1884 - Sophie Tucker, Ukrainian-American singer and actress (d. 1966)
1885 - Art Ross, Canadian ice hockey coach (d. 1964)
1887 - George Gurdjieff, Russian-French mystic and philosopher (d. 1949)
1887 - Hedd Wyn, Welsh poet (d. 1917)
1890 – Jüri Uluots, Prime Minister of Estonia (d. 1945)
1892 - Ermanni Aebi, Italian-Swiss footballer (d. 1976)
1893 - Clark Ashton Smith, American sculptor, writer and painter (d. 1961)
1893 - Roy Cazaly, Australian footballer (d. 1963)
1898 – Kaj Munk, Danish pastor, poet and Resistance activist (d. 1944)
1898 - Carlo Tagliabue, Italian baritone (d. 1978)
1899 - Lev Kuleshov, Soviet-Russian director (d. 1970)
1901 1950
1901 - Mieczyslaw Zywczysnki, Polish historian and priest (d. 1978)
1904 - Richard Addinsell, British composer (d. 1977)
1905 - Kay Francis, American actress (d. 1968)
1906 – Zhou Youguang, Chinese linguist (d. 2017)
1908 - Enrico Paoli, Italian chess player (d. 2005)
1908 - Earle G. Wheeler, American general (d. 1975)
1909 - Danny Barker, American jazz musician and bandleader (d. 1994)
1909 - Martinus van der Lubbe, Dutch Communist (d. 1934)
1911 – Joh Bjelke-Petersen, Australian politician, Premier of Queensland (d. 2005)
1911 - Guido del Mestri, German cardinal (d. 1993)
1913 - Jeff Morrow, American actor (d. 1993)
1916 - Liselotte Landbeck, Austrian skater (d. 2013)
1919 - Robert Stack, American actor, sportsman and television host (d. 2003)
1920 – Knut Nordahl, Swedish footballer (d. 1984)
1922 - Albert Lamorisse, French movie director and producer (d. 1970)
1923 - Daniil Shafran, Russian cellist (d. 1997)
1923 - Willem Slijkhuis, Dutch athlete (d. 2003)
1924 – Paul Feyerabend, Austrian philosopher (d. 1994)
1924 – Roland Petit, French choreographer (d. 2011)
1925 - Rosemary Murphy, German-born American actress (d. 2014)
1926 – Michael Bond, British writer, creator of Paddington Bear (d. 2017)
1927 – Sydney Brenner, South African-British biologist
1928 - Gregory Walcott, American actor (d. 2015)
1929 - Joe Pass, American jazz guitarist (d. 1994)
1931 – Charles Nelson Reilly, American actor (d. 2007)
1932 - Barry Bishop, American mountaineer (d. 1994)
1933 - Shahnon Ahmad, Malaysian writer (d. 2017)
1934 - Carolyn See, American novelist, professor and critic (d. 2016)
1934 - Rip Taylor, American actor
1935 - Mauro Forghieri, Italian racecar designer
1936 - Renato Bruson, Italian operatic baritone
1938 - Daevid Allen, Australian singer, guitarist and composer (d. 2015)
1938 - Richard Anthony, French singer (d. 2015)
1938 - Cabu, French cartoonist (d. 2015)
1938 - Shivkumar Sharma, Indian composer
1939 - Jacek Gmoch, Polish footballer
1939 - Edgardo Cozarinsky, Argentine author, screenwriter and director
1941 – Pascual Maragall i Mira, Catalan politician
1942 - Carol Cleveland, English actress
1942 - Piero Marini, Italian archbishop
1943 – Richard Moll, American actor
1947 – Jacek Majchrowski, Polish politician and Krakow Mayor
1947 - Erland Kolding Nielsen, Danish academic (d. 2017)
1947 – Carles Rexach, Catalan-Spanish footballer
1948 - Gaj Singh, Maharaja of Jodhpur
1949 – Rakesh Sharma, Indian astronaut
1950 - Gholam Hossein Mazloumi, Iranian footballer (d. 2014)
1951 1975
1951 – Bernard Loiseau, French chef (d. 2003)
1951 - Kim Manners, American television producer, director and actor (d. 2009)
1951 - Antoni Szymanowski, Polish footballer
1952 - John Lee Hooker, Jr., American blues singer
1954 - Bruno Coulais, French movie score composer
1954 - Trevor Rabin, South African rock musician and composer
1955 – Huh Jung-Moo, South Korean footballer
1955 – Paul Kelly, Australian singer-songwriter
1955 - Jay McInerney, American writer
1955 - Anne Pringle, English diplomat
1955 - Eduardo Bonvallet, Chilean footballer (d. 2015)
1956 - Toshio Nakanishi, Japanese musician (d. 2017)
1956 - Greg Trooper, American singer-songwriter (d. 2017)
1957 - Claudia Emerson, American poet (d. 2014)
1957 – Mark O'Meara, American golfer
1957 - Daniel Scioli, 33rd Vice President of Argentina
1957 - Mary Glindon, English politician
1957 - Dusan Bukovac, Bulgarian footballer
1958 - Francisco Buyo, Spanish footballer and manager
1959 - Jay Lomenzo, American musician
1960 - Eric Betzig, American physicist and chemist, 2014 Nobel Prize winner
1960 - Matthew Bourne, English choreographer and director
1961 – Suggs, English singer (Madness)
1961 – Julia Louis-Dreyfus, American actress
1961 - Jeremy Bamber, English murderer
1963 – Charles Muscat, Maltese footballer (d. 2011)
1964 – Bill Bailey, British comedian
1964 – Penelope Ann Miller, American actress
1964 – Ronan Rafferty, Northern Irish golfer
1966 – Patrick Dempsey, American actor
1966 - Simon Shelton, English actor (d. 2018)
1968 – Chara, Japanese singer and actress
1968 - Antonio Tartaglia, Italian bobsledder
1969 - Stefania Belmondo, Italian skier
1969 – Stephen Hendry, Scottish snooker player
1970 - Marco Pantani, Italian cyclist (d. 2004)
1970 - Gavin Whittaker, Australian rugby league player (d. 2017)
1970 - Shonda Rhimes, American screenwriter, director and producer
1971 - John Mallory Asher, American movie actor and director
1972 - Nicole Eggert, American actress
1972 - Park Jin-young, South Korean singer-songwriter, producer and actor
1973 - Nikolai Khabibulin, Russian ice hockey player
1974 - Sergei Brylin, Russian ice hockey player
1975 - Daniel Kehlmann, Austrian-German writer
From 1976
1976 – Bic Runga, New Zealand singer
1976 – Mario Yepes, Colombian footballer
1976 - Tania Vicent, Canadian speed skater
1977 – Orlando Bloom, British actor
1978 - Nate Silver, American journalist and statistician
1979 - Katy Brand, British actress and comedienne
1980 - María de Villota, Spanish racing driver (d. 2013)
1980 - Michael Rupp, American ice hockey player
1980 – Nils-Eric Johansson, Swedish footballer
1981 - Jason James, Welsh musician
1982 – Guillermo Coria, Argentine tennis player
1982 - Kamran Akmal, Pakistani cricketer
1982 - Ruth Wilson, English actress
1983 - William Hung, Chinese singer
1984 - Raif Badawi, Saudi writer, blogger and activist
1984 - Kamghe Gaba, German athlete
1985 - Qi Hui, Chinese swimmer
1986 – Joannie Rochette, Canadian figure skater
1987 – Marc Staal, Canadian ice hockey player
1987 – Lee Seung-gi, Korean singer & actor
1989 - Triinu Kivilaan, Estonian singer
1989 - Beau Mirchoff, American-Canadian actor
1990 - Liam Hemsworth, Australian actor
1991 - Goo Ha-ra, South Korean singer, dancer and actress
1992 - Adam Matthews, Welsh footballer
1993 - Max Whitlock, British gymnast
1995 - Qaasim Middleton, American musician and actor
1995 - Eros Vlahos, English actor and comedian
Deaths
Up to 1900
86 BC – Gaius Marius, Roman general and politician (b. 157 BC)
533 - Saint Remigius, Bishop of Reims (b. 437)
614 – Saint Kentigern (Saint Mungo), patron saint of Glasgow
703 - Empress Jiti of Japan (b. 645)
858 – Ethelwulf of Wessex (b. 795)
888 – Charles the Fat, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 839)
1138 - Simon I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1076)
1151 - Abbot Suger, French statesman and historian (b. 1081)
1177 – Henry II of Austria (b. 1107)
1330 – Frederick I of Austria (b. 1286)
1625 – Jan Brueghel the Elder, Flemish painter (b. 1568)
1630 - Yuan Chonghuan, Chinese military commander (b. 1584)
1658 - Edward Sexby, English Puritan soldier (b. 1616)
1717 - Maria Sibylla Merian, German-Swiss entomologist and illustrator (b. 1647)
1766 – Frederick V of Denmark (b. 1723)
1796 - John H. D. Anderson, Scottish scientist and inventor (b. 1726)
1797 - Elisabeth Christine von Braunschweig-Bevern, consort of Frederick II of Prussia (b. 1715)
1832 - Thomas Lord, English cricketer (b. 1755)
1838 - Ferdinand Ries, German composer (b. 1784)
1852 – Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, German-Russian explorer (b. 1778)
1853 – Theophilus Kairis, Greek revolutionary (b. 1783)
1864 – Stephen Foster, American musician (b. 1826)
1885 – Schuyler Colfax, Vice President of the United States (b. 1823)
1889 - Solomon Bundy, American politician (b. 1823)
1897 - David Schwarz, Austro-Hungarian aviation pioneer and inventor (b. 1850)
1901 2000
1905 – George Thorn, Premier of Queensland (b. 1838)
1915 – Mary Slessor, Scottish missionary (b. 1848)
1916 – Victoriano Huerta, President of Mexico (b. 1850)
1923 - Alexandre Ribot, French statesman (b. 1842)
1928 - Mara Buneva, Bulgarian revolutionary (b. 1902)
1929 – Wyatt Earp, American Western figure (b. 1848)
1932 – Sophia of Prussia, Queen Consort of Greece (b. 1870)
1934 - Paul Ulrich Villard, French physicist (b. 1860)
1941 – James Joyce, Irish writer (b. 1882)
1943 - Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Swiss artist (b. 1889)
1949 – Aino Aalto, Finnish architect and designer (b. 1894)
1958 - Jesse L. Lasky, American movie producer (b. 1910)
1961 - Herman Glass, American gymnast (b. 1880)
1962 - Ernie Kovacs, American actor and comedian (b. 1919)
1963 – Sylvanus Olympio, 1st President of Togo (b. 1902)
1969 - Li Zongren, Chinese politician (b. 1890)
1974 - Salvador Novo, Mexican writer and poet (b. 1904)
1978 – Hubert Humphrey, Vice President of the United States (b. 1911)
1980 - Andre Kostelanetz, Russian-born music conductor and arranger (b. 1901)
1982 – Marcel Camus, French movie director (b. 1912)
1982 - Arland D. Williams, Jr., American airline passenger (b. 1935)
1986 - Abdul Fattah Ismail, 4th President of South Yemen (b. 1939)
1988 – Chiang Ching-kuo, President of the Republic of China (b. 1910)
1993 - Camargo Guarneri, Brazilian composer (b. 1907)
2000 - Elizabeth Kerr, American actress (b. 1912)
From 2001
2002 – Gregorio Fuentes, Cuban fisherman (b. 1897)
2002 - Paul J. Fannin, Governor of Arizona (b. 1907)
2004 – Harold Shipman, British doctor and serial killer (b. 1946)
2006 - Marc Potvin, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1967)
2007 - Michael Brecker, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1949)
2008 - Sergej Larin, Latvian-Lithuanian tenor (b. 1956)
2009 – Patrick McGoohan, American actor (b. 1928)
2010 – Teddy Pendergrass, American singer-songwriter (b. 1950)
2011 – Charles Muscat, Maltese footballer (b. 1963)
2012 – Rauf Denktas, 1st President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (b. 1924)
2012 - Lefter Küçükonyadis, Turkish footballer (b. 1925)
2013 - Bille Brown, Australian actor (b. 1952)
2014 - Menachem Zilberman, Israeli comedian and songwriter (b. 1946)
2014 - Anjali Devi, Indian actress and movie producer (b. 1927)
2014 - Mihai Fotino, Romanian actor (b. 1930)
2015 - Mark Juddery, Australian author and journalist (b. 1971)
2015 - Keith Wright, Australian politician (b. 1942)
2015 - Hara Patnaik, Indian actor and movie director (b. 1958)
2015 - Jack Hayward, English businessman (b. 1923)
2015 - Robert White, American diplomat (b. 1926)
2015 - Trevor Colbourn, Australian educator and academic (b. 1927)
2016 - J. F. R. Jacob, Indian military officer (b. 1923)
2016 - Giorgio Gomelsky, Georgian filmmaker, songwriter and record producer (b. 1934)
2016 - Brian Bedford, British actor (b. 1935)
2016 - William Craig, American philosopher (b. 1918)
2016 - Bern Herbolsheimer, American composer (b. 1948)
2016 - Conrad Phillips, British actor (b. 1925)
2016 - Lawrence Phillips, American football player (b. 1975)
2016 - Jim Simpson, American sportscaster (b. 1927)
2016 - Tera Wray, American pornographic actress (b. 1982)
2017 - Gilberto Agustoni, Swiss cardinal (b. 1922)
2017 - Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon (b. 1930)
2017 - Mark Fisher, British writer (b. 1968)
2017 - Horacio Guarany, Argentine singer and writer (b. 1925)
2017 - John Jacobs, English golfer (b. 1925)
2017 - Magic Alex, Greek electronics engineer (b. 1942)
2017 - David Modell, American businessman (b. 1960)
2017 - Anton Nanut, Slovenian conductor (b. 1932)
2017 - Ari Rath, Austrian-Israeli journalist (b. 1925)
2017 - Udo Ulfkotte, German journalist (b. 1960)
2018 - Doug Harvey, American baseball umpire (b. 1930)
2018 - Tzimis Panousis, Greek rock musician and comedian (b. 1954)
2018 - Jean Porter, American actress (b. 1922)
2018 - Eliyahu Winograd, Israel judge (b. 1926)
2018 - Byron Langley, American politician (b. 1926)
2019 - Bonnie Guitar, American country singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1923)
2019 - Phil Masinga, South African footballer (b. 1969)
2019 - Alfred K. Newman, American Navajo code talker (b. 1924)
2019 - Mel Stottlemyre, American baseball player (b. 1941)
Observances
Korean American Day
Old New Year (parts of Eastern Europe)
Saint Knut's Day, end of the Christmas period (Finland, Norway, Sweden)
Constitution Day (Mongolia)
Democracy Day (Cape Verde)
Liberation Day (Togo)
Days of the year |
9727 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2014 | January 14 | January 14 is celebrated as New Year's Day by those still following the Julian calendar.
Events
Up to 1900
1301 - Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Arpad Dynasty in Hungary.
1343 - Arnost of Barbudice becomes the last Bishop of Prague.
1539 – Spain annexes Cuba.
1639 - "Fundamental Orders": The first written Constitution that created a government is created in Connecticut.
1724 – King Philip V of Spain abdicates the throne.
1784 – American Revolutionary War: The United States ratifies a peace treaty with England.
1814 – Frederick VI of Denmark gives Norway to Sweden in return for Pomerania.
1822 - Greek War of Independence: Acrocorinth is captured by Theodoros Kolokotronis and Demetrios Ypsilantis.
1832 – American writer Edgar Allan Poe publishes his first short story, "Metzengerstein".
1858 – Napoleon III of France escapes an assassination attempt.
1897 - Matthias Zurbriggen becomes the first person to climb Aconcagua, in Argentina, the highest mountain in the Southern hemisphere.
1900 - Giacomo Puccini's opera Tosca is performed for the first time, at the Teatro Constanzi in Rome.
1901 2000
1907 - A magnitude 6.5 earthquake hits Kingston, Jamaica, killing 1,600 people.
1911 - Roald Amundsen's South Pole expedition lands on the eastern Ross Ice Shelf.
1917 - Japanese warship Tsukuba sinks after fire and an explosion in Yokosuka Bay, killing 200 of the 817 on board.
1938 - Norway claims Queen Maud Land in Antarctica.
1943 – World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill begin the Casablanca Conference to discuss strategy and study the next phase of the war.
1943 – Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to travel via airplane while in office (Miami, Florida to Morocco to meet with Winston Churchill to discuss World War II).
1950 – The first prototype of the MiG-17 makes its maiden flight.
1952 - NBC's long-running news program Today is broadcast for the first time, with host Dave Garroway.
1953 - Josip Broz Tito is inaugurated as President of Yugoslavia.
1954 - Marilyn Monroe marries baseball star Joe DiMaggio.
1957 - Jagadguru Kripalu Maharaja is named the fifth Jagad guru (meaning "world teacher") after giving seven days of speeches in front of 500 Hindu scholars.
1960 - The Reserve Bank of Australia is created.
1967 – The Human Be-In, takes place in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park, launching the Summer of Love. Between 20,000 and 30,000 people attend.
1968 - The Soviet Union launches the Soyuz 4 probe.
1969 - An accidental explosion on the ship USS Enterprise near Hawaii kills 27 people.
1972 – Queen Margrethe II of Denmark ascends the throne, the first Queen of Denmark since 1412 and the first Danish monarch not named Frederick or Christian since 1513.
1973 – Super Bowl VII: The Miami Dolphins defeat the Washington Redskins. The Dolphins become the first NFL team to go undefeated in a season.
1979 - The first Paris-Dakar Rally reaches its finish line in Dakar, Senegal.
1980 - Indira Gandhi becomes Prime Minister of India for a second time.
1994 – U.S. President Bill Clinton and Russian President Boris Yeltsin sign the Kremlin accords.
1998 – Researchers in Dallas, Texas present findings about an enzyme that slows aging and cell death (apoptosis).
1998 – An Afghan cargo plane crashes into a mountain in southwest Pakistan killing more than 50 people.
1999 - Major snowfall affects Toronto, and Mayor Mel Lastman calls the army in to help with emergency evacuations.
2000 – A United Nations tribunal sentences five Bosnian Croats to up to 25 years for the 1993 killing of over 100 Muslims in a Bosnian village.
From 2001
2004 – The national flag of Georgia, the so-called "five cross flag", was restored to official use after a hiatus of some 500 years.
2005 – Landing of the Huygens probe on Saturn's moon Titan.
2011 - Arab Spring: In the wake of anti-government demonstrations, Tunisia's President Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali dissolves the government and resigns from office.
2015 - Giorgio Napolitano resigns as President of Italy at the age of 89 for age and health reasons. Pietro Grasso becomes Interim President.
2015 - Two climbers, Kevin Jorgesen and Tommy Caldwell, become the first people to successfully climb El Capitan in Yosemite National Park, California.
2016 - Bomb attacks in Jakarta kill 5 attackers and 2 civilians.
2016 - Jimmy Morales becomes President of Guatemala.
2019 - Mayor of Gdansk Pawel Adamowicz dies of injuries sustained in a stabbing the previous evening, aged 53.
Births
Up to 1800
83 BC - Mark Antony, Roman politician (d. 30 BC)
47 BC – Marcus Antonius Antyllus, Roman son of Mark Antony (d. 30 BC)
38 BC - Nero Claudius Drusus, Roman politician and military commander (d. 9 BC)
1131 – King Valdemar I of Denmark (d. 1182)
1273 – Joan I of Navarre (d. 1305)
1451 - Franchinus Gaffurius, Italian music theorist (d. 1522)
1477 - Hermann of Wied, German Catholic archbishop (d. 1552)
1507 – Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal (d. 1578)
1615 - John Biddle, English theologian (d. 1662)
1683 - Gottfried Silbermann, German instrument maker (d. 1753)
1684 - Johann Matthias Hase, German mathematician, astronomer and cartographer (d. 1742)
1684 - Jean-Baptiste van Loo, French painter (d. 1745)
1699 - Jakob Adlung, German organist, teacher, instrument maker, musician, theologian and historian (d. 1762)
1700 - Picander, German poet (d. 1764)
1702 – Emperor Nakamikado of Japan (d. 1737)
1705 - Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, French governor (d. 1786)
1730 - William Whipple, American politician (d. 1785)
1741 – Benedict Arnold, American-British general (d. 1801)
1751 - Corona Schröter, German musician (d. 1802)
1767 - Maria Theresa of Austria, Queen of Saxony (d. 1829)
1793 - John C. Clark, American politician (d. 1852)
1798 – Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, Dutch politician (d. 1872)
1801 1900
1801 - Adolphe Brongniart, French botanist (d. 1876)
1806 - Charles Hotham, Governor of Victoria (d. 1855)
1806 - Matthew Fontaine Maury, American astronomer, historian and oceanographer (d. 1873)
1818 - Zacharias Topelius, Finnish-Swedish writer (d. 1898)
1819 - Dimitrie Bolinteanu, Romanian poet and politician (d. 1872)
1835 - Marcelo Spinola y Maestre, Spanish cardinal (d. 1906)
1836 - Henri Fantin-Latour, French painter (d. 1904)
1840 - Hilarion Daza, President of Bolivia (d. 1894)
1841 – Berthe Morisot, French painter (d. 1895)
1845 - Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, British Governor General of Canada and Viceroy of India (d. 1927)
1850 - Jean de Reszke, Polish operatic tenor (d. 1925)
1858 - P. J. Kennedy, American businessman and politician (d. 1929)
1861 – Mehmed VI, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1926)
1863 – Manuel Gomes da Costa, Portuguese politician (d. 1929)
1863 - Richard F. Outcault, American comic strip creator (d. 1928)
1875 – Albert Schweitzer, Alsatian physician (d. 1965)
1875 - Felix Hamrin, shortest-serving Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1937)
1883 – Nina Ricci, Italian-French fashion designer (d. 1970)
1886 – Hugh Lofting, English writer (d. 1947)
1887 – Hugo Steinhaus, Polish mathematician (d. 1972)
1892 – Martin Niemöller, German theologian and Resistance activist (d. 1984)
1892 – Hal Roach, American movie producer (d. 1992)
1897 - Hasso von Manteuffel, German general and politician (d. 1978)
1899 – Carlos P. Romulo, Filipino politician and diplomat (d. 1985)
1901 1950
1901 – Alfred Tarski, Polish logician and mathematician (d. 1983)
1901 - Bebe Daniels, American actress (d. 1971)
1904 – Cecil Beaton, English photographer (d. 1980)
1905 – Takeo Fukuda, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1995)
1911 – Anatoly Rybakov, Russian writer (d. 1998)
1913 - Motoo Tatsuhara, Japanese footballer (d. 1984)
1919 – Giulio Andreotti, Italian politician, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 2013)
1919 – Andy Rooney, American journalist (d. 2011)
1920 - Bertus de Harder, Dutch footballer (d. 1982)
1921 - Murray Bookchin, American libertarian socialist (d. 2006)
1925 – Yukio Mishima, Japanese writer (d. 1970)
1926 - Mahasweta Devi, Indian writer (d. 2016)
1926 - Warren Mitchell, English actor (d. 2015)
1926 - Sid Sheinberg, American lawyer and studio executive (d. 2019)
1926 - Tom Tryon, American actor (d. 1991)
1928 - Ali Akbar Moinfar, Iranian politician (d. 2018)
1930 - Kenny Wheeler, Canadian jazz trumpeter and composer (d. 2014)
1931 - Caterina Valente, French-Italian singer, dancer and actress
1934 - Richard Briers, English actor (d. 2013)
1936 - Reiner Klimke, German equestrian (d. 1999)
1938 – Morihiro Hosokawa, former Prime Minister of Japan
1938 - Allen Toussaint, American singer (d. 2015)
1938 - Leo Kadanoff, American physicist (d. 2015)
1939 - J. Bernlef, Dutch writer (d. 2012)
1940 - Julian Bond, American activist (d. 2015)
1940 – Trevor Nunn, British movie and theatre director
1941 – Faye Dunaway, American actress
1941 - Barry Jenner, American actor
1941 - Milan Kucan, Slovenian statesman
1942 - Ian Brayshaw, Australian cricketer and footballer
1943 – Mariss Jansons, Latvian conductor
1943 – Ralph M. Steinman, Canadian immunologist, posthumous (after death) Nobel Prize winner (d. 2011)
1943 - Shannon Lucid, American astronaut
1943 - Manfred Wolke, German boxer
1943 - Angelo Bagnasco, Italian cardinal
1944 – Peter Fechter, first person to be shot dead at the Berlin Wall (d. 1962)
1944 – Nina Totenberg, American journalist
1945 – Einar Hakonarson, Icelandic artist
1945 - Maina Gielgud, British ballet dancer
1946 – Harold Shipman, British doctor and serial killer (d. 2004)
1947 – Bev Perdue, American politician, 73rd Governor of North Carolina
1948 – Jocky Scott, Scottish football manager
1948 – Valeri Kharlamov, Soviet-Russian ice hockey player
1948 – T-Bone Burnett, American rock musician
1949 - Lamar Williams, American musician (d. 1983)
1949 - Ilyas Salman, Turkish actor, movie director, author, screenwriter and musician
1950 - Jagadguru Rambhadracharya, Indian religious leader, scholar and author
1951 1975
1952 – Calin Popescu-Tariceanu, Romanian Prime Minister
1952 - Teitur Thordarson, Icelandic footballer
1952 - Konstantinos Iosifidis, Greek footballer
1952 - Maureen Dowd, American singer
1953 - Denzil Douglas, 2nd Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis
1955 - Dominique Rocheteau, French footballer
1957 - Stuart Timmons, American historian and academic (d. 2017)
1959 - Nguyen Le, Vietnamese-French jazz guitarist and composer
1961 - Mike Tramp, Danish singer
1963 – Steven Soderbergh, American director
1964 – Mark Addy, British actor
1965 – Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall, British chef
1965 - Jill Saward, British campaigner (d. 2017)
1966 - Marco Hietala, Finnish singer and bassist
1966 - Dan Schneider, American screenwriter, movie producer and actor
1967 - Zakk Wylde, American guitarist, pianist and singer
1967 – Emily Watson, British actress
1968 – LL Cool J, American rapper and actor
1969 – Dave Grohl, American musician
1969 - Jason Bateman, American actor
1970 - Imam Samudra, Indonesian terrorist (d. 2008)
1971 - Lasse Kjus, Norwegian skier
1971 - Bert Konterman, Dutch footballer
1971 - Antonios Nikopolidis, Greek footballer
1973 – Giancarlo Fisichella, Italian race car driver
1975 - Georgina Cates, English actress
From 1976
1977 - Narain Karthikeyan, Indian racing driver
1978 - Shawn Crawford, American athlete
1979 - Soprano, French rapper
1980 - Carlos Alvarado Quesada, President of Costa Rica
1981 – Pitbull, American rapper
1982 – Caleb Followill, American singer (Kings of Leon)
1982 – Victor Valdés, Spanish footballer
1985 – Shawn Sawyer, Canadian figure skater
1986 - Yohan Cabaye, French footballer
1989 - Adam Clayton, English footballer
1989 – Frankie Bridge, English singer (The Saturdays)
1989 - Liu Xiaodong, Chinese footballer
1990 - Lelisa Desisa, Ethiopian runner
1990 - Grant Gustin, American actor
1991 - Jeanine Mason, American actress and dancer
1992 - Robbie Brady, Irish footballer
1994 - Abi Phillips, English actress and singer-songwriter
1994 - Ross Murdoch, Scottish swimmer
1997 - Tolmachevy Sisters, Russian singers and actresses
1999 - Declan Rice, English-Irish footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
1092 – Vratislaus II of Bohemia (b. 1032)
1163 – Ladislaus I of Hungary (b. 1131)
1235 - Saint Sava, Serbian archbishop and saint (b. 1175)
1301 - King Andrew III of Hungary (b. 1231)
1331 - Odoric, Italian explorer (b. 1286)
1648 - Caspar Barlaeus, Dutch polymath (b. 1584)
1676 – Francesco Cavalli, Italian composer (b. 1602)
1679 - Jacques de Billy, French mathematician (b. 1602)
1701 - Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Japanese daimyo (b. 1628)
1742 – Edmond Halley, English scientist (b. 1656)
1753 – George Berkeley, Irish philosopher (b. 1685)
1766 - Frederick V of Denmark (b. 1723)
1786 - Meshech Weare, Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1713)
1786 - Michael Warne, English composer (b. 1741)
1867 – Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, French painter (b. 1780)
1872 – Greyfriars Bobby, world famous dog (b. 1856)
1874 – Johann Philipp Reis, German inventor (b. 1834)
1883 - Napoléon Coste, French guitarist and composer (b. 1806)
1892 – Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence (b. 1864)
1898 – Lewis Carroll, English writer and mathematician (b. 1832)
1901 2000
1905 - Ernst Abbe, German physicist (b. 1840)
1907 - Sir James Fergusson, 6th Baronet, Scottish Governor of New Zealand (b. 1832)
1908 - Holger Drachmann, Danish poet and dramatist (b. 1846)
1920 - John Francis Dodge, American automobile pioneer (b. 1864)
1923 - Zübeyde Hanım, mother of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (b. 1857)
1934 - Ioan Cantacuzino, Romanian physician and bacteriologist (b. 1863)
1937 - Jaishankar Prasad, Indian poet, dramatist and novelist (b. 1889)
1945 - Heinrich Schroth, German actor (b. 1871)
1949 – Joaquín Turina, Spanish composer (b. 1882)
1951 - Gregorios Xenopoulos, Greek novelist, journalist and playwright (b. 1867)
1952 - Artur Kapp, Estonian composer (b. 1878)
1957 – Humphrey Bogart, American actor (b. 1899)
1960 – Ralph Chubb, British poet (b. 1892)
1965 - Jeanette MacDonald, American actress and singer (b. 1903)
1966 – Sergey Korolyov, Soviet engineer (b. 1907)
1966 - Bill Carr, American athlete (b. 1909)
1972 – King Frederick IX of Denmark (b. 1899)
1976 – Tun Abdul Razak, 2nd Prime Minister of Malaysia (b. 1922)
1977 – Anthony Eden, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1897)
1977 – Peter Finch, British actor (b. 1916)
1977 – Anaïs Nin, French-American writer (b. 1903)
1978 – Kurt Gödel, Austrian mathematician (b. 1906)
1978 - Harold Abrahams, English sprinter, lawyer and journalist (b. 1899)
1981 - John O'Grady, Australian writer (b. 1907)
1984 – Ray Kroc, American fast food entrepreneur (b. 1902)
1986 - Daniel Balavoine, French singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
1986 - Donna Reed, American actress (b. 1921)
1987 - Douglas Sirk, German-American director (b. 1900)
1988 – Georgy Maximilianovich Malenkov, Soviet politician (b. 1902)
1999 – Muslimgauze, British musician (b. 1961)
1999 - Jerzy Grotowski, Polish theatre director (b. 1933)
From 2001
2004 – Uta Hagen, German-American actress (b. 1919)
2006 – Shelley Winters, American actress (b. 1920)
2009 - Jan Kaplicky, Czech-British architect (b. 1937)
2009 – Ricardo Montalbán, Mexican-American actor (b. 1920)
2010 - Bobby Charles, American singer (b. 1938)
2010 - Petra Schürmann, German actress, model and presenter (b. 1933)
2011 – Mississippi Winn, American supercentenarian (b. 1897)
2012 - Txillardegi, Basque writer and politician (b. 1929)
2013 - Conrad Bain, Canadian-American actor (b. 1923)
2014 - Juan Gelman, Argentine poet (b. 1930)
2014 - Mae Young, American wrestler (b. 1923)
2015 - Zhang Wannian, Chinese general (b. 1928)
2015 - Bob Boyd, American basketball player (b. 1930)
2015 - Lotte Hass, Austrian model and underwater diver (b. 1928)
2015 - Mordechai Shmuel Ashkenazi, Israeli rabbi (b. 1943)
2015 - Nélida Romero, Argentine actress (b. 1926)
2015 - Jerry Dempsey, American politician (b. 1933)
2015 - Warren Weinstein, American economist (b. 1941)
2016 - Alan Rickman, English actor (b. 1946)
2016 - Shaolin, Brazilian cartoonist and humorist (b. 1971)
2016 - Leonid Zhabotinsky, Soviet-Ukrainian weightlifter (b. 1938)
2016 - René Angélil, Canadian singer and manager (b. 1942)
2016 - Franco Citti, Italian actor (b. 1935)
2016 - Ellen Meiksins Wood, American historian and scholar (b. 1942)
2016 - George Carroll, American lawyer and politician (b. 1922)
2016 - Rajesh Vivek, Indian actor (b. 1949)
2017 - Surjit Singh Barnala, Indian politician (b. 1925)
2017 - Yama Buddha, Nepalese rapper (b. 1987)
2017 - Mohammed bin Faisal Al Saud, Saudi royal and businessman (b. 1937)
2017 - Zhou Youguang, Chinese linguist and supercentenarian (b. 1906)
2017 - Herbert Mies, German politician (b. 1929)
2017 - Nicodemo Scarfo, American mobster (b. 1929)
2018 - Dan Gurney, American racing driver (b. 1931)
2018 - Max Labovitch, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1924)
2018 - Erling Mandelmann, Danish photojournalist (b. 1935)
2018 - Spanky Manikan, Filipino actor (b. 1942)
2018 - Cyrille Regis, English footballer (b. 1958)
2018 - Hugh Wilson, American film and television director (b. 1943)
2018 - John Pierik, Dutch sports shooter (b. 1950)
2019 - Pawel Adamowicz, Polish politician, Mayor of Gdansk (b. 1965)
2019 - Eli Grba, American baseball player (b. 1934)
2019 - Lenin Rajendran, Indian film director and screenwriter (b. 1951)
2019 - Gavin Smith, Canadian poker player (b. 1968)
2019 - Julio Vallejo Ruiloba, Spanish psychiatrist (b. 1945)
Holidays and observances
New Year's Day in Eastern Orthodoxy, see Julian Calendar.
National Flag Day and National Theatre Day (Georgia)
National Forest Conservation Day (Thailand)
Days of the year |
9728 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2016 | January 16 |
Events
Up to 1900
27 BC – Octavian Caesar given the title Augustus by the Roman Senate (people who were in charge of the Roman Empire).
378 - General Sijay K'ak' conquers Tikal in present-day Guatemala.
550 - Gothic Wars: The Ostrogoths, under King Totila, conquer Rome after a long siege, by bribing the Isaurian garrison.
929 – Emir Abd-ar-rahman III declares himself caliph, thereby establishing the Caliphate of Cordoba.
1219 – A North Sea flood kills 36,000 people.
1362 – A great wave in the North Sea destroys the German island of Strand and the city of Rungholt.
1412 – Medici family made official bankers (money handlers) of the Papacy.
1456 – Painter Filippo Lippi marries with Lucrezia Buti, a young nun from the convent of Saint Margherita.
1492 – The first grammar (how words form sentences) of a modern language, in Spanish, is presented to Queen Isabella.
1511 - A major North Sea flood occurs, as several communities have to be evacuated in Ostfriesland, present-day northwest Germany.
1547 – Ivan the Terrible becomes Tsar (an emperor) of Russia.
1556 – Philip II becomes King of Spain.
1572 – The Duke of Norfolk is tried for betraying a country for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore The Catholic Church in England.
1581 – English Parliament (group of lawmakers) outlaws The Roman Catholic Church.
1605 – The first edition of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha (Book One of Don Quixote) by Miguel de Cervantes was made into books in Madrid.
1707 - The Parliament of Scotland agrees to the Act of Union. Soon after, Scotland unites with England and Wales to form Great Britain.
1761 – British capture Pondicherry, India from the French.
1777 – Vermont declares that it is separate from New York.
1780 – American Revolution: Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
1786 - Virginia enacts the Statute of Freedom, authored by Thomas Jefferson.
1795 – French take control of Utrecht, Netherlands.
1809 – Peninsular War: The British defeat the French at the Battle of La Coruña.
1839 - The United Kingdom takes Aden, Yemen, from the Ottoman Empire.
1847 – John C. Fremont is made Governor (a kind of leader) of the new California Territory.
1862 - Hartley Colliery Disaster: 204 men and boys are killed in a mining disaster in England.
1883 – The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, making the United States Civil service, is passed.
1900 – The United States Senate accepts the Anglo-German treaty of 1899 in which the United Kingdom renounced its claims to the Samoan islands.
1901 2000
1909 – Ernest Shackleton's journey finds the magnetic South Pole.
1917 – German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann sends the Zimmermann Telegram to Mexico, telling about a German-Mexican team against the United States
1919 – Temperance movement: The 18th Amendment to the US constitution, authorizing Prohibition (ban of alcohol), was passed by the Congress of the United States. It went into effect one year later, on January 16, 1920.
1920 – Founding date of Zeta Phi Beta Sorority Inc.
1924 - Eleftherios Venizelos becomes Prime Minister of Greece for a fourth time.
1938 – Benny Goodman plays at Carnegie Hall.
1939 - The Irish Republican Army begins a bombing and sabotage campaign in England.
1941 - World War II: On the Rockall sandbank, British passenger ship Oropesa is torpedoed by a German U-boat, killing 106 people.
1942 - The crash of TWA Flight 3 kills all 22 people on board, including actress Carole Lombard.
1945 – Adolf Hitler moves into his underground bunker, the so-called Führerbunker.
1956 – President Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt agrees to take over Palestine again.
1957 – The Cavern Club opens in Liverpool, England.
1961 – Mickey Mantle becomes the highest paid baseball player by signing a $75,000 contract.
1962 - Filming of the first James Bond movie, Dr. No, begins in Jamaica.
1964 – The first musical version of Hello, Dolly! opens at New York City's St. James Theatre.
1966 – The Metropolitan Opera House opens at Lincoln Center in New York City.
1969 – Czech student Jan Palach kills himself by self-immolation (self-burning) in Prague, in protest against the Soviets' crushing of the Prague Spring the year before.
1969 - Soviet spacecraft Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5 perform the first-ever docking of manned spacecraft in orbit, the first-ever transfer of crew from one space vehicle to another, and the only such transfer accomplished with a space walk.
1970 – Buckminster Fuller gets the Gold Medal award from the American Institute of Architects.
1970 – Curt Flood goes to court, saying that Major League Baseball had gone against the American anti-trust laws (laws against a group of people controlling many companies).
1977 – The Marx Brothers were entered into the Motion Picture Hall of Fame.
1979 – The Shah of Iran leaves Iran with his family and goes to Egypt.
1986 – Herbert W. Armstrong, the maker of the Worldwide Church of God (the Church of God in Philadelphia Era) died.
1988 – Sports reporter Jimmy "the Greek" Snyder is fired by CBS a day after saying in public that African Americans had been made to produce stronger children during slavery.
1991 – American serial killer Aileen Wuornos confesses that she killed six men.
1992 – El Salvador officials and rebel (people who are against something) leaders sign the Chapultepec Peace Accords in Mexico City. This ends a 12-year civil war that killed at least 75,000 people.
1995 - An avalanche strikes the village of Sudavik, in Icelands West Fjords, killing 14 people.
1995 - The Great Leader of Baltic Kingdom Sir Karl Eerik Jahu of Nõmmeville is born.
1996 - A coup in Sierra Leone removes Valentine Strasser from power. His deputy, Julius Maada Rio, succeeds him.
1997 – Ennis Cosby, the only son of actor Bill Cosby, is killed by a person with a gun while changing a flat tire in Los Angeles, California.
1998 – NASA says that John Glenn will return to space when Space Shuttle Discovery blasts off in October 1998.
2000 – In Sacramento, California a company's truck carrying evaporated milk is driven into the state capitol building killing the driver.
From 2001
2001 – Congolese President Laurent-Désiré Kabila is assassinated by one of his own bodyguards.
2002 – A student shoots 6 people at the Appalachian School of Law. Three of those shot die.
2002 – John Ashcroft says that so-called "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh would be tried in a court in the United States.
2002 – Everyone in the United Nations Security Council makes an arms embargo and make Osama bin Laden, Al-Qaida, and the remaining members of the Taliban not being able to use money.
2003 – Space Shuttle Columbia takes off for mission STS-107 which will be its final one. Columbia disintegrates 16 days later on re-entry.
2004 – Goatse.cx (a shock site is shut down by the Christmas Island Registry)
2005 – Adriana Iliescu has a baby at age 66 and becomes the oldest woman in the world, at the time, to do so.
2006 – Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf becomes President of Liberia. She is the first female President in Africa.
2007 - A bomb attack on a university in Baghdad kills 65 people.
2013 - An estimated 41 international workers are taken hostage in an attack on the town of In Amenas in Algeria. Many die a few days later, during an attempted Algerian-led rescue operation.
2016 - A terrorist attack is carried out on a hotel in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, killing 28 people.
2016 - The International Atomic Energy Agency announces that Iran has properly dismantled its nuclear weapons programme, allowing the United Nations to end sanctions immediately.
2019 - British Prime Minister Theresa May wins a vote of confidence in her government, a day after her proposed Brexit deal was heavily defeated.
Births
Up to 1900
972 - Emperor Shengzhong of Liao in China (d. 1031)
1093 - Isaac Komnenos, Byzantine prince (d. 1152 or after)
1245 – Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster (British title) (d. 1296)
1409 - René of Anjou, King of Naples (d. 1480)
1516 - Bayinnaung, King of Burma (d. 1581)
1604 – Loreto Vittori, Italian poet and composer (d. 1670)
1634 – Dorthe Engelbretsdatter, Norwegian poet (d. 1716)
1675 - Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, French soldier, diplomat and author (d. 1755)
1728 – Niccolo Riccinni, Italian composer (d. 1800)
1731 - Tyge Rothe, Danish writer (d. 1795)
1749 - Vittorio Alfieri, Italian dramatist (d. 1803)
1795 – Carl Christian Rafn, Danish archaeologist (d. 1864)
1802 - Friedrich Julius Stahl, German politician, philosopher and lawyer (d. 1861)
1815 - Henry W. Halleck, American Civil War general (d. 1872)
1821 – John C. Breckinridge, Kentucky Senator 1861, Confederate General and US Vice President (d. 1875)
1834 - Robert R. Hitt, American politician (d. 1906)
1836 – Francis II of the Two Sicilies (d. 1894)
1838 – Franz Brentano, German philosopher and psychologist (d. 1917)
1844 - Ismail Quemali, Albanian nationalist (d. 1919)
1853 - Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton, British general (d. 1947)
1853 - Vladimir Sergeyevich Solovyov, Russian philosopher (d. 1900)
1853 – André Michelin, French industrialist (d. 1931)
1855 - Eleanor Marx, British activist and author (d. 1898)
1858 - Elwood Mead, American engineer (d. 1936)
1859 – Jon Magnusson, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1926)
1868 - Armin Otto Leuschner, American astronomer and philosopher (d. 1953)
1870 – Jüri Jaakson, Estonian politician (d. 1942)
1872 - Henri Busser, French composer (d. 1973)
1872 - Edward Gordon Craig, English actor, producer and director (d. 1966)
1874 – Robert W. Service, Canadian poet (d. 1958)
1878 - Harry Carey, American silent movie actor (d. 1947)
1885 – Zhou Zuoren, Chinese writer and translator (d. 1967)
1885 - Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz, Polish politician (d. 1947)
1886 – John Hamilton, American actor (d. 1958)
1896 – Ruth Rose, American screenwriter (d. 1978)
1897 - Carlos Pellicer, Mexican poet (d. 1972)
1898 – Margaret Booth, American movie editor (d. 2002)
1900 - Edith Frank, mother of Anne Frank (d. 1945)
1901 1950
1901 – Frank Zamboni, American inventor (d. 1988)
1901 – Fulgencio Batista, President of Cuba (d. 1973)
1902 – Eric Liddell, Scottish runner (d. 1945)
1907 – Paul Nitze, American government official (d. 2004)
1908 – Ethel Merman, American actress, singer (d. 1984)
1910 – Dizzy Dean, American baseball player on the Baseball Hall of Fame (d. 1974)
1910 - Walter Schellenberg, German SS officer (d. 1952)
1911 – Eduardo Frei Montalva, 28th President of Chile (d. 1982)
1912 – Franz Tumler, Austrian story teller (d. 1998)
1915 - Leslie H. Martinson, American television and movie director (d. 2016)
1917 – Buddy Lester, American actor (d. 2002)
1917 – Justin Ahomadegbe-Tometin, President of Benin (d. 2002)
1918 – Allan Ekelund, Swedish movie producer (d. 2009)
1918 – Stirling Silliphant, American writer and producer (d. 1996)
1920 – Stephanos II Ghattas, Egyptian Coptic Church Patriarch (d. 2009)
1921 – Francesco Scavullo, photographer (d. 2004)
1922 – Ernesto Bonino, Italian singer (d. 2008)
1923 – Anthony Hecht, American poet (d. 2004)
1924 – Katy Jurado, Mexican actress (d. 2002)
1925 - Amelia Vargas, Cuban actress (d. 2019)
1927 - Jerrold Meinwald, American chemist (d. 2018)
1928 – William Kennedy, writer
1931 – Johannes Rau, President of Germany (d. 2006)
1932 – Dian Fossey, American zoologist (studies animals) (d. 1985)
1933 – Susan Sontag, American writer (d. 2004)
1934 – Marilyn Horne, American mezzo-soprano
1935 – Udo Lattek, German footballer and coach (d. 2015)
1935 – A.J. Foyt, automobile racer
1935 - Inger Christensen, Danish writer (d. 2009)
1936 - Peter Bares, German composer (d. 2014)
1936 - Michael White, Scottish theatre and film producer (d. 2016)
1937 - Francis George, American cardinal (d. 2015)
1938 - Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria, Spanish aristocrat (d. 2015)
1940 – Franz Müntefering, German politician
1942 - René Angélil, Canadian singer and manager (d. 2016)
1942 - Barbara Lynn, American singer
1943 – Brian Ferneyhough, composer
1944 - Dieter Moebius, German musician (d. 2015)
1944 - Judy Baar Topinka, American politician (d. 2014)
1944 – Jim Stafford, singer
1944 – Ronnie Milsap, American country music singer
1945 – Birte Tove, Danish actress (d. 2016)
1946 – Kabir Bedi, Indian actor
1946 – Ronnie Milsap, singer
1946 – Katia Ricciarelli, Italian opera singer
1947 – Laura Schlessinger, psychiatrist, radio talk show host
1947 - Sara Jane Olson, American political activist
1948 – John Carpenter, American movie director
1948 – Dalvanius, New Zealand entertainer (d. 2002)
1948 - Giorgio Demetrio Gallaro, Italian bishop
1948 – Gregor Gysi, German politician
1948 – Anatoly Solovyev, Soviet cosmonaut
1948 – Cliff Thorburn, Canadian snooker player
1950 – Debbie Allen, American actress, dancer and choreographer
1950 – Caroline Munro, actress
1950 - Daniel Vischer, Swiss politician (d. 2017)
1951 1975
1952 – Fuad II of Egypt
1953 - L. Blaine Hammond, NASA astronaut
1954 - Wolfgang Schmidt, German discus thrower
1954 – Nancy Richards-Akers, novelist (d. 1999)
1954 - Vasili Zhupikov, Russian footballer (d. 2015)
1955 - Jerry M. Linenger, NASA astronaut
1956 – Martin Jol, Dutch footballer and coach
1957 - Jurijs Andrejevs, Latvian footballer
1957 - Ricardo Darin, Argentine actor, screenwriter and director
1957 - Paul Holmes, English politician
1958 - Lena Ek, Swedish politician
1958 – Tony Pulis, Welsh footballer and coach
1958 - Andris Skele, Prime Minister of Latvia
1958 – Anatoli Boukreev, Russian climber (d. 1997)
1958 - Andriy Bal, Ukrainian footballer (d. 2014)
1959 – Sade, Nigerian singer
1959 - Juanita Bynum, American televangelist
1961 - Paul Raven, British musician (d. 2007)
1963 – James May, British television presenter
1965 - John Carver, British footballer and manager
1969 – Roy Jones, Jr., American boxer
1969 - Neil Back, English rugby player
1970 - Brendan O'Hare, Scottish drummer
1971 - Sergi Bruguera, Spanish tennis player
1971 - Jonathan Mangum, American actor and comedian
1972 - Greg Page, Australian musician (The Wiggles)
1972 - Radivoje Manic, Serbian footballer
1974 – Kate Moss, English supermodel
1974 - Mattias Jonsson, Swedish footballer
From 1976
1976 - Debbie Ferguson-McKenzie, Bahamian athlete
1977 – Jeff Foster, American professional basketball player
1979 – Aaliyah, American singer (d. 2001)
1979 - Muntadhar al-Zaidi, Iraqi journalist
1979 - Jason Ward, Canadian ice hockey player
1980 – Albert Pujols, Dominican baseball player
1980 - Lin-Manuel Miranda, American stage actor, composer, singer and playwright
1980 – Seydou Keita, Malian footballer
1981 – Bobby Zamora, English footballer
1981 – Nick Valensi, American guitarist
1981 - Vlad Munteanu, Romanian footballer
1982 – Tuncay Sanli, Turkish footballer
1983 – Emanuel Pogatetz, Austrian footballer
1983 – Andriy Rusol, Ukrainian footballer
1983 - Derek Riordan, Scottish footballer
1984 - Craig Beattie, Scottish footballer
1984 – Stephan Lichtsteiner, Swiss footballer
1985 - Daisuke Sakata, Japanese footballer
1985 – Pablo Zabaleta, Argentine footballer
1985 – Craig Jones, English motorcycle racer (d. 2008)
1986 - Aija Andrejeva, Latvian singer
1986 - Mason Gamble, American actor
1986 - Irina Kuzmina, Latvian tennis player
1986 - Daiki Niwa, Japanese footballer
1987 - Lauren McAvoy, British fashion model
1987 - Park Joo-ho, South Korean footballer
1988 – Nicklas Bendtner, Danish footballer
1988 - FKA twigs, English singer-songwriter, producer and dancer
1989 - Paul Sweeney, Scottish politician
1989 - Yvonne Zima, American actress
1991 - Matt Duchene, Canadian ice hockey player
1992 - Maja Keuc, Slovenian singer
1995 - Takumi Minamino, Japanese footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
378 - Great Jaguar Paw, Mayan King of Tikal
654 - Gao Yifu, Chinese chancellor (b. 596)
960 - Patriarch Polyeuctus of Constantinople
1327 - Nikephoros Choumnos, Byzantine scholar and statesman (b. 1250)
1369 - Peter I of Cyprus (b. 1328)
1387 – Elizabeth of Bosnia, Queen of Hungary and regent (b. 1340)
1554 – Christiern Pedersen, Danish humanist (b. 1484)
1710 – Emperor Higashiyama of Japan (b. 1675)
1747 – Barthold Heinrich Brockes, German poet (b. 1680)
1750 - Ivan Trubetskoy, Russian field marshal (b. 1667)
1794 – Edward Gibbon, historian (b. 1737)
1806 – William Pitt the Younger, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1759)
1809 - John Moore, British general (b. 1761)
1817 - Alexander J. Dallas, American statesman (b. 1759)
1834 - Jean Nicolas Pierre Hachette, French mathematician (b. 1769)
1886 – Amilcare Ponchielli, Italian opera composer (b. 1834)
1891 – Léo Delibes, French composer (b. 1836)
1901 2000
1901 - Hiram Revels, United States Senator (b. 1822)
1907 - Helene Napoleone Bonaparte, French noblewoman, might be a daughter of Napoleon (b. 1816)
1912 - Georg Heym, German writer (b. 1887)
1917 – George Dewey, admiral (high title in the Navy) (b. 1837)
1919 – Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves, President of Brazil (b. 1848)
1935 - Fred Barker, American criminal (b. 1901)
1935 - Ma Barker, American criminal (b. 1871)
1936 – Albert Fish, American serial killer (put to death by court) (b. 1870)
1942 – Carole Lombard, American actress (b. 1908)
1942 - Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught, British royal (b. 1850)
1957 – Arturo Toscanini, Italian conductor (b. 1867)
1957 - Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone, English Governor-General of Canada (b. 1874)
1962 – Ivan Meštrović, carving maker (b. 1883)
1969 - Vernon Duke, Russian-American composer and songwriter (b. 1903)
1971 - Philippe Thys, Belgian cyclist (b. 1890)
1972 - Teller Ammons, 28th Governor of Colorado (b. 1895)
1972 – Ross Bagdasarian, actor and songwriter (b. 1919)
1979 – Ted Cassidy, American actor (b. 1932)
1979 – August Heissmeyer, German SS officer (b. 1897)
1981 – Bernard Lee, British actor (b. 1908)
1982 – Red Smith, sports columnist (b. 1905)
1986 – Herbert W. Armstrong, evangelist (religious person), writer, and publisher (b. 1892)
1988 – Ballard Berkeley, British actor (b. 1904)
1993 – Jon Pall Sigmarsson, Icelandic strength athlete (b. 1960)
1993 - Glenn Corbett, American actor (b. 1930)
1995 – Eric Mottram, poet, teacher, critic, and editor (b. 1924)
2001 2015
2001 – Laurent-Désiré Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (assassinated; death officially confirmed on January 18)
2002 – Michael Bilandic, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1923)
2002 – Eddie Meduza, Swedish composer (b. 1948)
2002 – Bobo Olson, American boxer (b. 1928)
2002 – Ron Taylor, American actor (b. 1952)
2004 – Kalevi Sorsa, former Prime Minister of Finland (b. 1930)
2005 – Marjorie Williams, Washington Post columnist and contributing editor for Vanity Fair (b. 1958)
2007 - Rudolf August Oetker, German businessman (b. 1916)
2007 - Ron Carey, American actor (b. 1935)
2009 - John Mortimer, British lawyer and writer (b. 1923)
2009 – Andrew Wyeth, American painter (b. 1917)
2011 – Steve Prestwich, Australian musician (b. 1954)
2012 - Gustav Leonhardt, Dutch keyboardist, conductor and musicologist (b. 1928)
2013 - Yevdokiya Mekshilo, Russian cross-country skier (b. 1931)
2013 - Pauline Phillips, American columnist and radio host (b. 1918)
2014 - Russell Johnson, American actor (b. 1924)
2014 - Ruth Duccini, American actress (b. 1918)
2014 - Hiroo Onoda, Japanese soldier (b. 1922)
2015 - Ian Athfield, New Zealand architect (b. 1940)
2015 - Ted Harrison, Canadian artist (b. 1926)
2015 - Rimma Markova, Russian actress (b. 1925)
2015 - Miriam Akavia, Israeli writer and Holocaust survivor (b. 1927)
2015 - Yao Beina, Chinese singer b. 1981)
2015 - Andrew Benson, American biologist (b. 1917
2015 - Stuart Loory, American journalist (b. 1932)
From 2016
2016 - Ted Marchibroda, American football player (b. 1931)
2016 - Carina Jaarnek, Swedish singer (b. 1962)
2016 - Rudy Migay, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1928)
2017 - Eugene Cernan, American astronaut (b. 1934)
2017 - Amin Nasir, Singaporean footballer (b. 1968)
2017 - William A. Hilliard, American journalist (b. 1927)
2017 - Franz Jarnach, German actor and musician (b. 1943)
2017 - Peter Jones, Australian politician (b. 1933)
2017 - Charles "Bobo" Shaw, American jazz drummer (b. 1947)
2017 - Steve Wright, American bass guitarist (b. 1950)
2018 - Bill Bain, American management consultant (b. 1937)
2018 - George Bandy, American politician (b. 1945)
2018 - Bradford Dillman, American actor (b. 1930)
2018 - Kingdon Gould Jr., American diplomat (b. 1924)
2018 - Peter Groeger, German actor (b. 1933)
2018 - Madalena Iglésias, Portuguese actress and singer (b. 1939)
2018 - Jo Jo White, American basketball player (b. 1946)
2018 - Anatoly Glushenkov, Russian politician (b. 1942)
2018 - Madalena Iglésias, Portuguese actress and singer (b. 1939)
2019 - John C. Bogle, American investor and writer (b. 1929)
2019 - Mirjam Pressler, German writer and translator (b. 1940)
2019 - Chris Wilson, Australian musician (b. 1956)
2019 - Yu Min, Chinese nuclear physicist (b. 1926)
Observances
Teacher's Day (Thailand)
Flag Day (Israel)
Days of the year |
9729 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2018 | January 18 |
Events
Up to 1900
350 - General Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor.
1126 - Song Dynasty China: Emperor Huizong of Song decides to leave the throne to his son, Emperor Qinzong of Song.
1486 - King Henry VII of England marries Elizabeth of York.
1535 - Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro founds Lima, the present-day capital city of Peru.
1562 - Pope Pius IV re-opens the Council of Trent the its third and final session.
1591 - King Naresuan of Siam kills Crown Prince Minchit Sra of Burma in single combat.
1671 - English pirate Henry Morgan plunders Panama City and sets it on fire, as well as massacring people who live there.
1701 - Frederick I crowns himself King of Prussia in Konigsberg.
1778 - Captain James Cook reaches the Hawaiian Islands, naming them "Sandwich Islands".
1788 - The first members of the First Fleet of convicts from England arrives in Botany Bay, present-day Sydney, Australia.
1825 - Moscow's Bolshoi Theater re-opens.
1871 – Wilhelm I of Germany become the first German Emperor.
1884 - Passenger steamer City of Columbus sinks off Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, killing 103 people, including all women and children on board.
1884 - Dr. William Price tries to cremate his infant son, Jesus Christ Price, eventually leading to a change in UK cremation law.
1886 - The Hockey Association is founded in England, setting out the rules of modern field hockey.
1901 1950
1911 - Eugene B. Ely lands on the deck of the USS Pennsylvania stationed in San Francisco Bay. This is the first successful landing of an aircraft on a ship.
1913 - First Balkan War: Greece secures the northern Aegean Sea islands after defeating the Ottoman Empire navy in the Battle of Lemnos.
1915 - Japan issues the "Twenty-One Demands" to the Republic of China in a bid to increase its power in East Asia.
1916 - A 611-gram chondrite type meteorite strikes a house near the village of Baxter in Stone County, Missouri.
1919 - The Paris Peace Conference begins in Versailles.
1919 - Ignacy Jan Paderewski becomes the first Prime Minister of newly independent Poland.
1919 - Bentley Motors Limited is founded.
1934 - An earthquake in the present-day Indian state of Bihar kills around 10,000 people.
1941 - World War II: British troops launch a general counter-offensive against then-Italian East Africa.
1944 - For the first time, the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City hosts a jazz concert. Louis Armstrong, Benny Goodman and Artie Shaw are among the musicians performing.
1944 - World War II: Soviet forces liberate Leningrad.
1951 2000
1958 - Willie O'Ree, the first African Canadian in the NHL, makes his first appearance for the Boston Bruins.
1960 - Capital Airilnes Flight 20 crashes into a farm in Charles County, Virginia, killing all 50 people on board.
1967 - Albert DeSalvo is found guilty of being the Boston Strangler serial killer.
1969 - United Airlines Flight 266 crashes into Santa Monica Bay, killing all 32 passengers and 6 crew members.
1976 - Lebanese Christian militias carry out the Karantina massacre in Beirut, killing around 1,000 people.
1976 - Bangladesh and Pakistan fully have foreign bilateral relations between Islamabad and Dacca Officials.
1977 - Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of Legionnaires' disease.
1977 - A train crash at Granville, Sydney, Australia, kills 83 people.
1977 - Yugoslavian Prime Minister Dzemal Bijedic, his wife, and six other people are killed in a plane crash in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
1978 - The European Court of Human Rights finds the UK government guilty of poor treatment of prisoners in Northern Ireland, but finds it not guilty of torture.
1981 - Phil Smith and Phil Mayfield parachute off a Houston, Texas, skyscraper.
1983 - The International Olympic Committee restores Jim Thorpe's Olympic medals to his family.
1993 - Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is observed in all 50 states of the US for the first time. The holiday was first observed in 1986.
1997 - Borge Ousland of Norway becomes the first person to cross Antarctica alone and without help.
2000 - A meteor impacts on Tagish Lake in Northern Canada.
From 2001
2002 - The Sierra Leone Civil War is officially declared over.
2003 - A bush fire kills four people in Canberra and destroys over 500 homes.
2005 - The Airbus A380, the world's largest commercial jet, is unveiled in a ceremony in Toulouse, France.
2007 - Hurricane Kyrill, a major storm, hits several countries in Western and Central Europe, killing 44 people in total (including 14 in the UK and 13 in Germany) and causing power failures and major damage.
2009 - A ceasefire is agreed in the Israel-Gaza War. The conflict had started with Operation Cast Lead on December 27, 2008.
2012 - The English language edition of Wikipedia blacks out for 24 hours, from midnight to midnight (Eastern Standard Time) in protest against the SOPA and PIPA internet laws proposed by the United States Congress.
2017 - An avalanche (after two earthquakes) buries a hotel in Abruzzo, Central Italy.
2018 - A bus fire near Aktobe, Kazakhstan, kills at least 52 people.
2019 - Andry Rajoelina takes office as President of Madagascar.
2019 - A fuel pipeline explosion in Tlahuelilpan, Hidalgo, Mexico, kills at least 85 people.
Births
Up to 1900
885 – Daigo, Emperor of Japan (d. 930)
1519 - Isabella Jagiellon, Queen of Hungary (d. 1559)
1543 – Alfonso Ferrabosco (I), Italian composer (d. 1588)
1634 - Madame de Lafayette, French aristocrat and writer (d. 1693)
1641 – François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois, French war minister (d. 1691)
1659 - Damaris Cudworth Marsham, English philosopher (d. 1708)
1669 - Maria Antonia of Austria (d. 1692)
1672 – Antoine Houdar de la Motte, French writer (d. 1731)
1688 – Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1765)
1689 – Montesquieu, French writer (d. 1755)
1751 - Ferdinand Kauer, Austrian composer and pianist (d. 1831)
1779 – Peter Roget, British lexicographer (d. 1869)
1782 – Daniel Webster, American statesman (d. 1852)
1795 - Anna Pavlovna of Russia, Russian-born Queen Consort of the Netherlands (d. 1865)
1813 – Joseph Glidden, American farmer who patented barbed wire (d. 1906)
1815 - Warren De la Rue, British chemist, inventor and astronomer (d. 1889)
1815 - Constantin von Tischendorf, German theologian (d. 1874)
1835 - César Cui, Russian composer (d. 1918)
1840 – Henry Austin Dobson, English poet (d. 1921)
1842 – Albert Alonzo Ames, Mayor of Minneapolis (d. 1911)
1848 – Ioan Slavici, Transylvanian writer (d. 1925)
1849 – Edmund Barton, first Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1920)
1849 - Eugène Carrière, French painter (d. 1906)
1850 – Seth Low, American politician, Mayor of New York City (d. 1916)
1854 – Thomas Watson, American telephone pioneer (d. 1934)
1867 - Rubén Dario, Nicaraguan journalist, diplomat and poet (d. 1916)
1868 - Suzuki Kantaro, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1948)
1871 - Benjamin I of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (d. 1946)
1878 - Thomas Edward Campbell, Governor of Arizona (d. 1944)
1879 - Henri Giraud, French general (d. 1949)
1879 - Tane Ikai, Japanese supercentenarian (d. 1995)
1880 - Paul Ehrenfest, Austrian physicist (d. 1928)
1880 - Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster, Italian cardinal (d. 1954)
1881 - Gaston Gallimard, French publisher (d. 1975)
1882 – A. A. Milne, English writer (d. 1956)
1888 – Thomas Sopwith, British aviation pioneer (d. 1989)
1892 – Oliver Hardy, American comedian and actor (d. 1957)
1892 – Paul Rostock, German surgeon (d. 1956)
1896 - Ville Ritola, Finnish long-distance runner (d. 1982)
1896 - Luigi Bianchi, Italian mathematician (d. 1928)
1898 - Albert Kivikas, Estonian writer and journalist (d. 1978)
1901 1950
1903 - Gladys Hooper, English supercentenarian (d. 2016)
1904 – Cary Grant, English actor (d. 1986)
1905 – Joseph Bonanno, Italian-born gangster (d. 2002)
1908 – Jacob Bronowski, Polish-born mathematician, poet, and physicist (d. 1974)
1908 - Princess Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (d. 1972)
1911 – Danny Kaye, American actor (d. 1987)
1911 - Jose Maria Arguedas, Peruvian novelist, poet and anthropologist (d. 1969)
1914 – Arno Schmidt, German writer (d. 1979)
1914 – William Stafford, American poet (d. 1993)
1915 - Santiago Carrillo, Spanish Communist politician (d. 2012)
1915 - Vassilis Tsitsanis, Greek singer and songwriter (d. 1984)
1918 - Gustave Gingras, Canadian physician (d. 1996)
1918 - Nicholas Oresko, American sergeant (d. 2013)
1919 - Toni Turek, German footballer (d. 1984)
1921 - Yoichiro Nambu, Japanese-American physicist (d. 2015)
1922 – Bob Bell, American clown (d. 1997)
1923 - Gerrit Voorting, Dutch road bicycle racer (d. 2015)
1924 - Max Labovitch, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2018)
1925 - Gilles Deleuze, French philosopher (d. 1995)
1925 - John V. Evans, former Governor of Iowa (d. 2014)
1927 - Sundaram Balachander, Indian actor, director and producer (d. 1990)
1928 - Alexander Gomelsky, Russian basketball coach
1931 – Chun Doo-hwan, President of South Korea
1932 – Robert Anton Wilson, American writer
1933 – John Boorman, Irish movie director
1933 - Ray Dolby, American engineer and inventor (d. 2013)
1933 - Emeka Anyaoku, former Secretary-General of the Commonwealth of Nations
1934 – Raymond Briggs, English writer and illustrator
1934 - Hendrick Chin A Sen, Surinamese politician
1935 - Gad Yaacobi, Israeli academic and diplomat (d. 2007)
1936 - David Howell, Baron Howell of Guildford, English politician
1937 – John Hume, Northern Irish politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998
1938 - Anthony Giddens, British sociologist
1938 – Curt Flood, American baseball player (d. 1997)
1939 - Tsuyoshi Yamanaka, Japanese swimmer (d. 2017)
1940 - Iva Zanicchi, Italian singer
1940 - Pedro Rodriguez, Mexican racing driver (d. 1971)
1941 – David Ruffin, American singer (d. 1991)
1943 – Kay Granger, American politician
1943 - Paul Angelis, English actor (d. 2009)
1944 – Paul Keating, twenty-fourth Prime Minister of Australia
1944 - Alexander Van der Bellen, President of Austria
1945 - José Luis Perales, Spanish singer
1946 – Joseph Deiss, Swiss Federal Councilor
1946 - Henrique Pereira Rosa, caretaker President of Guinea-Bissau (d. 2013)
1947 – Takeshi Kitano, Japanese actor and director
1949 – Philippe Starck, French designer
1950 – Gilles Villeneuve, Canadian race car driver (d. 1982)
1950 - Michael Tomasello, American anthropologist
1951 1975
1951 - Renato Zaccarelli, Italian footballer
1951 - Bob Latchford, English footballer
1951 - Bram Behr, Surinamese journalist (d. 1982)
1952 - Michael Angelis, English actor (d. 2020)
1952 – R. Stevie Moore, American singer, songwriter, and home recording pioneer
1953 – Brett Hudson, American actor
1955 – Kevin Costner, American actor
1955 - Frankie Knuckles, American DJ and producer (d. 2014)
1955 - Fernando Trueba, Spanish movie director, screenwriter and producer
1956 – Sharon Mitchell, American actress
1956 – Tom Bailey, British singer (Thompson Twins)
1958 - Jeffrey Williams, American astronaut
1960 - Mark Rylance, British actor
1960 - Peter Charles, British equestrian
1961 - Peter Beardsley, English footballer
1961 - Bobby Hansen, American basketball player
1961 – Mark Messier, Canadian hockey player
1961 – Carole Paulson American writer, humor columnist
1962 – Jeff Yagher, American actor
1963 - Martin O'Malley, former Governor of Maryland
1963 - Vera Pauw, Dutch footballer and coach
1963 - Yury Zakharevich, Soviet-Russian weightlifter
1964 - Richard Dunwoody, British jockey
1964 – Jane Horrocks, British actress
1964 - Nadia Sawalha, British television personality
1965 – Dave Attell, American writer and comedian
1966 – David Bautista, American professional wrestler
1967 – Kim Perrot, American basketball player (d. 1999)
1967 - Ivan Zamorano, Chilean footballer
1967 - Anjem Choudary, English Islamist preacher
1969 – Jesse L. Martin, American actor
1970 – DJ Quik, American rapper
1971 – Jonathan Davis, American musician (KoЯn)
1971 – Christian Fittipaldi, Brazilian race car driver
1971 - Pep Guardiola, Spanish footballer and football manager
1972 - Vinod Kambli, Indian cricketer, sportscaster and actor
1972 – Mike Lieberthal, American baseball player
1973 – Crispian Mills, British musician (The Jeevas and Kula Shaker)
1973 - Ben Jealous, African American NAACP leader
1974 – Michael Tunn, Australian television and radio
1974 - Princess Claire of Belgium
1974 - Devon Odessa, American actress
From 1976
1976 - Damian Leith, Irish-born Australian singer
1976 - Subhrajit Mitra, Indian moviemaker
1977 - Didier Dinart, French handball player
1979 – Paulo Ferreira, Portuguese footballer
1979 – Jay Chou, Taiwanese singer and producer
1979 - Willie Collum, Scottish football referee
1979 - Peter Gionta, American ice hockey player
1979 - Ruslan Fedotenko, Ukrainian ice hockey player
1979 - Leo Varadkar, Irish Taoiseach
1980 - Estelle, English singer and songwriter
1980 – Julius Peppers, American football player
1980 – Robert Green, English footballer
1980 - Jason Segel, American actor, writer and screenwriter
1981 - Olivier Rochus, Belgian tennis player
1982 – Quinn Allman, American musician (The Used)
1983 – Samantha Mumba, Irish singer and actress
1984 - Seung-Hui Cho, Korean-American spree killer (d. 2007)
1985 - Riccardo Montolivo, Italian footballer
1986 - Marya Roxx, Estonian singer
1987 - Johan Djourou, Swiss footballer
1988 - Ronnie Day, Australian singer-songwriter
1988 - Angelique Kerber, German tennis player
1990 - Alex Pietrangelo, Canadian ice hockey player
1991 - Britt McKillip, Canadian singer and actress
1991 - Diego Simoes, Brazilian footballer
1993 - Morgan York, American actress
1994 - Kang Jiyoung, South Korean singer, rapper and dancer
1996 - Sarah Gilman, American actress
1999 - Karan Brar, American actor
Deaths
Up to 1900
52 BC – Publius Clodius Pulcher (murdered) (b. 93 BC)
474 – Leo I, Byzantine Emperor (b. 401)
1213 – Queen Regnant Tamar of Georgia (b. c. 1160)
1367 – King Peter I of Portugal (b. 1320)
1425 – Edmund de Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (b. 1391)
1471 – Emperor Go-Hanazono of Japan (b. 1419)
1547 - Pietro Bembo, Italian scholar, humanist and cardinal (b. 1470)
1586 – Margaret of Austria, regent of The Netherlands (b. 1522)
1664 – Moses Amyraut, French theologian (b. 1596)
1677 – Jan van Riebeeck, Dutch merchant (b. 1619)
1803 – Ippolit Bogdanovich, Russian poet (b. 1743)
1862 – John Tyler, 10th President of the United States (b. 1790)
1873 – Edward George Bulwer-Lytton, English writer (b. 1803)
1878 – Antoine César Becquerel, French physicist (b. 1788)
1886 – Baldassare Verazzi, Italian painter (b. 1819)
1892 – Anton Anderledy, Swiss Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1819)
1896 – Charles Floquet, French statesman (b. 1828)
1901 2000
1923 – Wallace Reid, actor (b. 1891)
1936 – Rudyard Kipling, British writer, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature (b. 1865)
1940 – Kazimierz Tetmajer, Polish writer (b. 1865)
1949 - Carlo Ponzi, Italian-American criminal, origin of the term Ponzi scheme (b. 1882)
1951 – Amy Carmichael, Irish missionary (b. 1867)
1952 – Curly Howard, American actor and comedian (b. 1903)
1954 – Sydney Greenstreet, English actor (b. 1879)
1963 – Hugh Gaitskell, leader of the British Labour Party (b. 1906)
1966 – Kathleen Norris, American writer (b. 1880)
1967 – Goose Tatum, American basketball player (b. 1921)
1969 – Hans Freyer, German sociologist (b. 1887)
1970 – David O. McKay, President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1873)
1971 – Virgil Finlay, American horror illustrator (b. 1914)
1971 - Nora Stanton Blatch Barney, American architect and women's rights activist (b. 1883)
1975 – Gertrude Olmstead, American actress (b. 1897)
1977 - Carl Zuckmayer, German writer (b. 1896)
1977 - Luciano Re Cecconi, Italian footballer (b. 1948)
1977 - Dzemal Bijedic, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1917)
1978 – Hasan Askari, Pakistani philosopher, critic and writer (b. 1919)
1978 – Carl Betz, American movie and television actor (b. 1921)
1978 – Walter H. Thompson, English Scotland Yard detective, bodyguard of Winston Churchill (b. 1890)
1980 – Sir Cecil Beaton, English fashion designer (b. 1904)
1982 - Ngaio Marsh, New Zealand writer (b. 1895)
1984 – Vassilis Tsitsanis, Greek singer and songwriter (b. 1915)
1985 – Wilfrid Brambell, Irish actor (b. 1912)
1989 – Bruce Chatwin, English novelist (b. 1940)
1990 – Rusty Hamer, American actor (b. 1947)
1993 – Eleanor Hibbert, English writer
1994 - Denis Henry Desty, English scientist and inventor (b. 1923)
1995 – Adolf Butenandt, German chemist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1903)
1995 – Ron Luciano, American baseball umpire (b. 1937)
1996 – Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao, Indian actor (b. 1923)
1997 – Paul Tsongas, U.S. Senator from Massachusetts (b. 1941)
2000 – Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, Austrian architect (b. 1897)
From 2001
2001 – Al Waxman, Canadian actor (b. 1935)
2003 – Edward "The Sheik" Farhat, American professional wrestler (b. 1926)
2005 – Lamont Bentley, American actor (b. 1973)
2006 – Jan Twardowski, Polish poet (b. 1915)
2007 – Brent Liles, American musician (Agent Orange/Social Distortion) (b. 1963)
2008 – Georgia Frontiere, American football team owner (b. 1927)
2008 – Frank Lewin, American composer and music theorist (b. 1925)
2008 – John Stroger, first African-American Cook County Board President (b. 1929)
2009 – Tony Hart, British artist and TV presenter (b. 1925)
2009 – Grigore Vieru, Romanian poet (b. 1935)
2009 – Bob May, American actor (b. 1939)
2009 - Zenonas Petrauskas, Lithuanian politician and lawyer (b. 1950)
2010 - Kate McGarrigle, Canadian singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
2011 - Sargent Shriver, American politician (b. 1915)
2013 - Walmor Chagas, Brazilian actor (b. 1930)
2014 - Komla Dumor, Ghanaian journalist (b. 1972)
2014 - Dennis Frederiksen, American musician (b. 1951)
2014 - Sarah Marshall, British-American actress (b. 1933)
2015 - Alberto Nisman, Argentine lawyer (b. 1963)
2015 - Paul O'Grady, Australian politician (b. 1960)
2015 - Kjell Arnljot Wig, Norwegian media personality (b. 1924)
2015 - Piet van der Sanden, Dutch politician (b. 1924)
2015 - Tony Verna, American television producer (b. 1933)
2015 - José Carrasco, Peruvian politician (b. 1944)
2016 - Johnny Bach, American basketball player (b. 1924)
2016 - Glenn Frey, American singer-songwriter, producer and actor (b. 1948)
2016 - Michel Tournier, French writer (b. 1924)
2017 - Peter Abrahams, South African-Jamaican writer (b. 1919)
2017 - Red Adams, American baseball player (b. 1921)
2017 - Yosl Bergner, Austrian-Israeli painter (b. 1920)
2017 - Ion Besoiu, Romanian actor (b. 1931)
2017 - David P. Buckson, American politician, Governor of Delaware (b. 1920)
2017 - Rachael Heyhoe Flint, Baroness Heyhoe Flint, English cricketer (b. 1939)
2017 - Johnny Little, Canadian-Scottish footballer (b. 1930)
2017 - William Margold, American pornographic actor and director (b. 1943)
2017 - Roberta Peters, American soprano (b. 1930)
2017 - Robert Timlin, American judge (b. 1932)
2017 - Mike Kellie, English musician and record producer (b. 1947)
2018 - Ishfaq Ahmad, Pakistani nuclear physicist and professor (b. 1930)
2018 - Wallis Grahn, Swedish actress (b. 1945)
2018 - Lucas Mangope, South African politician (b. 1923)
2018 - Nancy Richler, Canadian novelist (b. 1957)
2018 - Stansfield Turner, American admiral (b. 1923)
2018 - Chick Webster, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1920)
2018 - Borys Yukhymovych Steklyar, Ukrainian military officer (b. 1923)
2018 - Javiera Muñoz, Swedish singer (b. 1977)
2019 - John Coughlin, American figure skater (b. 1985)
2019 - Cees Haast, Dutch racing cyclist (b. 1938)
2019 - Ivan Vutsov, Bulgarian footballer and coach (b. 1939)
Observances
Royal Thai Armed Forces Day
Revolution Day (Tunisia)
World Religion Day
Days of the year |
9730 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2019 | January 19 |
Events
Up to 1900
1419 – Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England in England's reconquest of Normandy.
1520 - Sten Sture the Younger, regent of Sweden, is injured in the Battle of Bogesund, leading to his death on February 3.
1607 - The San Agustin Church in Manila is completed. It is the oldest church in the Philippines still standing.
1788 - A second group of the First Fleet of convicts from Great Britain arrives at Botany Bay, present-day Sydney, Australia.
1795 – The Batavian Republic is founded in the Netherlands.
1806 – The United Kingdom occupies the Cape of Good Hope.
1812 - Peninsular War: After a ten-day siege, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington orders British soldiers of the Light and Third Divisions to storm Ciudad Rodrigo.
1817 - An army led by Jose de San Martin crosses the Andes from Argentina to Chile, having already liberated Argentina.
1829 - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust Part 1 is performed for the first time.
1839 - The British East India Company captures Aden, Yemen.
1840 – Captain Charles Wilkes circumnavigates Antarctica.
1853 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore is performed for the first time, in Rome.
1861 - Confederate States of America: Georgia leaves the Union, becoming the 5th state to do so.
1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Mill Springs, the first important Confederate defeat of the war.
1871 - Franco-Prussian War: Prussia wins in the Battle of Saint Quentin.
1883 - German passenger steamer Cimbria sinks after a collision off the island of Borkum in the North Sea, killing 437 people.
1893 - Henrik Ibsen's play The Master Builder is performed for the first time, in Berlin.
1899 - Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is formed.
1901 2000
1915 - Georges Claude patents the neon discharge tube for use in advertising.
1915 - World War I: German zeppelins bomb Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, England, killing over 20 people.
1917 – A Munitions Plant Explosion in London kills 73 people.
1920 – The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
1937 - Howard Hughes sets a new air record, by flying from Los Angeles, California to New York City in 7 hours, 28 minutes and 25 seconds.
1942 – World War II: Japanese forces invade Burma.
1942 - Canadian passenger steamer RMS Lady Hawkins is sunk by a German U-boat off North Carolina, killing 251 people.
1945 - World War II: Soviet forces liberate the Lodz ghetto.
1946 – General Douglas MacArthur establishes the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo.
1949 – Cuba recognises Israel as an independent country.
1953 - Almost 72% of US television sets are tuned in to I Love Lucy, to watch Lucy give birth.
1958 - An expedition led by Vivian Fuchs reaches the South Pole, the fourth expedition to do so.
1965 - The unmanned spacecraft Gemini 2 is launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
1966 – Indira Gandhi becomes Prime Minister of India.
1969 – Czechoslovakian student Jan Palach dies, three days after setting himself on fire in an act of protest.
1975 - A large earthquake strikes Himachal Pradesh, India.
1977 - Rare snowfalls occur in Miami, Florida and the Bahamas.
1977 - Gerald Ford pardons World War II propagandist Iva Toguri D'Aquino.
1978 - The last Volkswagen Beetle to be produced in Europe runs off the assembly line in Emden, Germany. They continue to be produced in Latin America until 2003.
1981 - Iran hostage crisis: US and Iranian officials sign an agreement to release 52 American hostages after 14 months in captivity.
1983 - The Apple Lisa commercial personal computer is announced by Apple Inc.
1983 – Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie is arrested in Bolivia.
1991 – Gulf War: Iraq fires a second scud missile into Israel.
1993 – The Czech Republic and Slovakia join the UN.
1996 - The North Cape Oil Spill occurs off Rhode Island.
1997 - Yasser Arafat returns to Hebron, West Bank, after 30 years.
From 2001
2006 – NASA's New Horizons probe launches to Pluto.
2007 – Journalist Hrant Dink is murdered in front of his newspaper office.
2012 - Wikipedia's English language edition ends its blackout from the previous day, which was a protest action against the SOPA and PIPA laws proposed by the United States Congress.
2013 - Bulgarian politician Ahmed Dogan survives an attempt to kill him, when his attacker is stopped by security guards.
2013 - An EU-wide driving licence is introduced.
2014 - Anti-government protests escalate in Ukraine, as a new anti-protest law comes into force.
2014 - A bomb attack on an army convoy in the northern Pakistani city of Bannu kills 26 soldiers and injures 38 others.
Births
Up to 1900
399 – Pulcheria, Byzantine Empress (d. 453)
1544 – Francis II of France (d. 1560)
1676 - John Weldon, English musician and composer (d. 1736)
1736 – James Watt, Scottish engineer (d. 1819)
1737 - Giuseppe Millico, Italian singer, composer and music teacher (d. 1802)
1739 - Joseph Bonomi the Elder, Italian architect (d. 1808)
1757 - Augusta Reuss-Ebersdorf, German princess (d. 1831)
1788 - Pavel Kivelyov, Russian general and politician (d. 1874)
1798 - Auguste Comte, French philosopher (d. 1857)
1807 – Robert E. Lee, American Confederate General (d. 1870)
1808 - Lysander Spooner, American philosopher (d. 1887)
1809 – Edgar Allan Poe, American writer (d. 1849)
1813 - Henry Bessemer, English engineer and inventor (d. 1898)
1832 - Ferdinand Laub, Czech violinist (d. 1875)
1833 - Alfred Clebsch, German mathematician (d. 1872)
1839 – Paul Cézanne, French painter (d. 1906)
1845 - Joseph M. Carey, Governor of Wyoming (d. 1924)
1848 – Matthew Webb, English swimmer and diver (d. 1883)
1851 - Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer (d. 1922)
1866 - Harry Davenport, American actor (d. 1949)
1871 - Dame Gruev, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1906)
1874 – Hitachiyama Taniemon, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1922)
1876 – Hakashima Gonshiri, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1943)
1876 – Dragotin Kette, Slovenian poet (d. 1899)
1878 – Herbert Chapman, English footballer and manager (d. 1934)
1880 - James G. Scrugham, 14th Governor of Nevada (d. 1945)
1889 - Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Swiss painter, sculptor and designer (d. 1943)
1890 - Elmer Niklander, Finnish sportsman (d. 1942)
1892 – Olafur Thors, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1964)
1893 – Magda Tagliaferro, Brazilian classical pianist (d. 1986)
1901 1950
1901 - Hans Moser, Swiss equestrian (d. 1974)
1905 – Stanley Hawes, British-born Australian movie producer, director and administrator (d. 1991)
1908 - Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh, Russian mathematician (d. 1971)
1909 – Hans Hotter, German bass-baritone (d. 2003)
1912 – Leonid Kantorovich, Russian economist (d. 1986)
1913 - Rudolph Wanderone, American pocket billiards player (d. 1996)
1917 - John Raitt, American singer and actor (d. 2005)
1920 – Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Peruvian UN Secretary-General (d. 2020)
1920 - Aleksander Jackowski, Polish anthropologist (d. 2018)
1920 - Roberto M. Levingston, Argentine general and politician, 36th President of Argentina (d. 2015)
1920 - Bruce Sundlun, Governor of Rhode Island (d. 2011)
1921 – Patricia Highsmith, American writer (d. 1995)
1922 - Arthur Morris, Australian cricketer and journalist (d. 2015)
1922 – Jerzy Kawalerowicz, Polish movie director, producer and screenwriter (d. 2007)
1922 - Guy Madison, American actor (d. 1996)
1923 – Jean Stapleton, American actress (d. 2013)
1925 - Nina Bawden, English writer (d. 2012)
1926 - Fritz Weaver, American actor
1930 - Tippi Hedren, American actress
1932 – Richard Lester, British movie director
1932 - Harry Lonsdale, American scientist and businessman (d. 2014)
1935 - Soumitra Chatterjee, Indian actor
1935 – Owsley Stanley, American sound engineer and LSD supplier (d. 2011)
1936 – Ziaur Rahman, President of Bangladesh (d. 1981)
1937 - Giovanna Marini, Italian singer-songwriter
1937 - Princess Birgitta of Sweden
1939 – Phil Everly, American musician (Everly Brothers) (d. 2014)
1940 – Paolo Borsellino, Italian magistrate (d. 1992)
1940 - Mike Reid, English actor and comedian (d. 2007)
1941 - Tony Anholt, English actor (d. 2002)
1941 – Pat Patterson, Canadian professional wrestler
1942 – Michael Crawford, British singer and actor
1942 - Thom Mayne, American architect
1943 – Janis Joplin, American singer (d. 1970)
1943 – Princess Margriet of the Netherlands
1944 – Laurie London, British singer
1944 - Dan Reeves, American football coach
1945 - Dragan Holcer, Croatian footballer (d. 2015)
1945 - C. B. Forgotston, American political blogger (d. 2016)
1945 - Trevor Williams, British musician
1946 – Julian Barnes, British writer
1946 – Dolly Parton, American country music singer
1947 – Rod Evans, British musician (Deep Purple)
1948 - Frank McKenna, Canadian politician and diplomat, 27th Premier of New Brunswick
1948 - Amanda Holden, English playwright and composer
1949 – Dennis Taylor, Northern Irish snooker player
1949 – Robert Palmer, English singer (d. 2003)
1949 - Lindsay Roy, Scottish politician
1951 1975
1951 - Gerald Tinker, American athlete
1953 – Desi Arnaz, Jr., American actor
1954 – Cindy Sherman, American photographer
1954 – Katharina Thalbach, German actress and movie director
1954 - Katey Sagal, American actress
1955 – Simon Rattle, British conductor
1957 - Kenneth McClintock, Puerto Rican politician
1958 - Thomas Kinkade, American painter (d. 2012)
1958 - Don Austen, English puppeteer
1960 – Mauro Tassotti, Italian footballer
1960 - Al Joyner, American athlete
1961 - Wayne Hemingway, English fashion designer
1963 – Martin Bashir, English journalist
1963 – John Bercow, English politician, Speaker of the House of Commons
1963 - Michael Adams, American basketball player
1964 - Ricardo Arjona, Guatemalan singer-songwriter and basketball player
1966 – Stefan Edberg, Swedish tennis player
1966 – Lena Philipsson, Swedish singer
1969 – Steve Staunton, Irish footballer
1969 - Junior Seau, American football player (d. 2012)
1969 - Luc Longley, Australian basketball player
1971 - Shawn Wayans, American actor
1972 - Angham, Egyptian singer, record producer and actress
1972 - Princess Kalina of Bulgaria
1973 - Antero Manninen, Finnish cellist
1973 - Frank Caliendo, American comedian, actor and screenwriter
1974 - Jaime Moreno, Bolivian footballer
From 1976
1979 - Wiley, British rapper
1979 - Svetlana Khorkina, Russian gymnast
1980 - Pasha Kovalev, Russian-born dancer
1980 – Jenson Button, British racing driver
1981 – Asier del Horno, Spanish footballer
1982 – Jodie Sweetin, American actress
1985 – Rika Ishikawa, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
1985 – Benny Feilhaber, American soccer player
1985 - Pascal Behrenbruch, German decathlete
1986 - Claudio Marchisio, Italian footballer
1986 - Loren Geller-Rabinowitz, American ice dancer
1987 – Edgar Manucharyan, Armenian footballer
1988 - Alexey Vorobyov, Russian singer and actor
1991 – Erin Sanders, American actress
1992 – Shawn Johnson, American gymnast
1992 - Mac Miller, American rapper, producer and actor
1992 - Logan Lerman, American actor
Deaths
Up to 1900
520 - John of Cappadocia, Patriarch of Constantinople
639 – Dagobert I, king of the Franks
1526 – Isabella of Burgundy, queen of Christian II of Denmark (b. 1501)
1576 - Hans Sacher, German meistersinger (b. 1494)
1661 - Thomas Venner, English Fifth monarchist (b. 1599)
1729 – William Congreve, English playwright (b. 1670)
1799 - Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Italian mathematician and philosopher (b. 1718)
1833 - Louis Joseph Ferdinand Herold, French composer (b. 1791)
1847 – Charles Bent, New Mexico pioneer (b. 1799)
1851 - Esteban Echeverria, Argentine writer (b. 1805)
1865 - Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, French philosopher and anarchist (b. 1809)
1869 - Carl Reichenbach, German philosopher and chemist (b. 1788)
1874 – August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben, German poet (b. 1798)
1878 – Henri Victor Regnault, French physicist and chemist (b. 1810)
1883 - Richard England, British general (b. 1793)
1901 2000
1905 – Debendranath Tagore, Indian philosopher (b. 1817)
1906 - Bartolomé Mitre, President of Argentina (b. 1821)
1925 - Maria Sophia of the Two Sicilies (b. 1841)
1927 - Charlotte of Belgium (b. 1840)
1930 - Frank Plumpton Ramsey, British philosopher (b. 1903)
1948 - Tony Garnier, French architect (b. 1869)
1954 - Mohamed Amin Didi, President of the Maldives (b. 1910)
1957 - Jozsef Dudas, Hungarian-Romanian Resistance fighter (b. 1912)
1968 – Ray Harroun, first winner of the Indianapolis 500 (b. 1879)
1969 – Jan Palach, Czech student, political activist (b. 1948)
1971 – Harry Shields, jazz musician (b. 1899)
1972 – Michael Rabin, concert violinist (b. 1936)
1975 – Thomas Hart Benton, painter (b. 1889)
1979 - Tuffy Leemans, American football player (b. 1912)
1980 – William O. Douglas, United States Supreme Court Associate Justice (b. 1898)
1982 - Elis Regina, Brazilian soprano (b. 1945)
1984 - Max Bentley, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1920)
1990 – Herbert Wehner, German politician (b. 1906)
1990 – Rajneesh, religious leader (b. 1931)
1991 – John Russell, American actor (b. 1921)
1996 – Don Simpson, American movie producer (b. 1943)
1997 – James Dickey, poet, novelist (b. 1923)
1998 – Carl Perkins, guitarist (b. 1932)
2000 – Bettino Craxi, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1934)
2000 – Hedy Lamarr, actress (b. 1913)
2001 2015
2003 - Françoise Giroud, French journalist, screenwriter and politician (b. 1916)
2003 - Milton Flores, Honduran footballer (b. 1974)
2004 – David Hookes, Australian cricketer and coach (b. 1955)
2005 – Bill Andersen, New Zealand communist and trade union leader (b. 1924)
2005 – Donald Beardslee, United States murderer, executed in California (b. 1943)
2005 – K. Sello Duiker, South African novelist (b. 1974)
2005 – Ricardo Suriñach, Catholic Bishop of Ponce, Puerto Rico (2000-2003) (b. 1928)
2006 – Wilson Pickett, American singer (b. 1941)
2007 – Scott Bigelow, American professional wrestler (b. 1961).
2007 – Hrant Dink, Turkish-Armenian journalist (b. 1954)
2007 - Denny Doherty, Canadian singer (b. 1940)
2008 - Suzanne Pleshette, American actress (b. 1937)
2009 – Beatrice Farve, American supercentenarian (b. 1895)
2010 – Bill McLaren, Scottish rugby commentator (b. 1923)
2010 – Panajot Pano, Albanian footballer (b. 1939)
2012 - Sarah Burke, Canadian freestyle skier (b. 1982)
2013 - Stan Musial, American baseball player (b. 1920)
2013 - Earl Weaver, American baseball manager (b. 1930)
2013 - Taiho Koki, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1940)
2014 - Christopher Chataway, English athlete, broadcaster, politician and businessman (b. 1931)
2014 - Bert Williams, English footballer (b. 1920)
2014 - Azaria Alon, Israeli environmentalist (b. 1918)
2014 - Steven Fromholz, American entertainer, singer and songwriter (b. 1945)
2015 - Michel Guimond, Canadian politician (b. 1953)
2015 - Vladimir Kesarev, Russian footballer (b. 1930)
2015 - Anne Kirkbride, English actress (Coronation Street) (b. 1954)
2015 - Arthit Kamlang-ek, Thai general (b. 1925)
2015 - Bob Symes, English inventor and television presenter (b. 1924)
2015 - Karl H. Pribram, American neuroscientist and educator (b. 1919)
2015 - Adam Yahiye Gadahn, American Al-Qaeda operative (b. 1978)
From 2016
2016 - Yasutaro Koide, Japanese supercentenarian, oldest-living man (b. 1903)
2016 - Ettore Scola, Italian movie director (b. 1931)
2016 - M. K. A. D. S. Gunawardana, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1947)
2016 - Robert M. Carter, English paleontologist (b. 1942)
2016 - Sheila Sim, English actress (b. 1922)
2016 - Frank Sullivan, American baseball player (b. 1930)
2016 - Richard Levins, American mathematical ecologist and population geneticist (b. 1930)
2016 - William Y. Smith, American air force general (b. 1925)
2017 - Jalal Allakhverdiyev, Azerbaijani mathematician (b. 1929)
2017 - Wayne Barrett, American journalist (b. 1945)
2017 - Loalwa Braz, Brazilian singer-songwriter (b. 1953)
2017 - Miguel Ferrer, American actor (b. 1955)
2017 - Eddie Filgate, Irish politician (b. 1915)
2017 - Jan Kruis, Dutch cartoonist (b. 1933)
2017 - Ger van Mourik, Dutch footballer (b. 1931)
2017 - Edwin Pope, American journalist (b. 1928)
2017 - Walt Streuli, American baseball player (b. 1935)
2017 - James S. Vlasto, American public servant (b. 1934)
2017 - H. Boyd Woodruff, American microbiologist (b. 1917)
2017 - Teori Zavascki, Brazilian judge (b. 1948)
2018 - Ute Bock, Austrian educator and humanitarian (b. 1942)
2018 - Anna Campori, Italian actress (b. 1917)
2018 - Saqi Farooqi, Pakistani poet (b. 1926)
2018 - Red Fisher, Canadian sports journalist (b. 1926)
2018 - Dorothy Malone, American actress (b. 1924)
2018 - Fredo Santana, American rapper (b. 1990)
2018 - Allison Shearmur, American film producer (b. 1963)
Observances
Epiphany in the Eastern Orthodox Church
Southern US States commemorate Robert E. Lee on this date.
Days of the year |
9731 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2020 | January 20 |
Events
Up to 1900
250 - Emperor Decius begins widespread persecution of Christians in Rome
1265 – The English Parliament conducts its first meeting.
1320 - Duke Wladyslaw Lokietek becomes King of Poland.
1356 – Edward Balliol abdicates as King of Scotland.
1523 – Christian III is forced to abdicate the thrones of Denmark and Norway.
1576 - The city of León in Mexico is founded.
1649 – King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland goes on trial for treason and 'high crimes'.
1778 - James Cook lands on the Hawaiian island of Kaua'i.
1783 - Great Britain signs a peace treaty with France and Spain.
1788 - The third and main part of the First Fleet of convicts from Great Britain arrives at Botany Bay. Arthur Phillip decides to move the convict colony slightly further along the coast to Port Jackson, present-day Sydney, Australia.
1801 – John Marshall is appointed Chief Justice of the United States.
1839 – Battle of Yungay: Chile defeats Peru and Bolivia.
1840 – Jules Dumont D'Urville's expedition to Antarctica discovers Adelie Land.
1841 – Hong Kong comes under British control.
1855 - LaMarcus Adna Thompson patents the roller coaster.
1877 - Last day of the Constantinople Conference, which results in an agreement for political reforms in the Balkans.
1885 - L.A. Thompson patents the roller coaster.
1887 - Off the Brazilian coast, British immigrant ship Kapunda collides with the barque Ada Melmore, causing it to sink within 5 minutes, killing 297 of the 313 people on board, including all women and children.
1887 - The United States Senate allows the United States Navy to lease Pearl Harbor, Hawaii as a naval base.
1892 - The first basketball game under rules invented by James Naismith takes place in Springfield, Massachusetts.
1901 2000
1905 - The Egyptian Bridge in Saint Petersburg, Russia, collapses.
1920 - The American Civil Liberties Union is founded.
1921 – Turkey's first constitution is adopted.
1929 - In Old Arizona, the first full-length talking movie filmed outdoors, is released.
1934 – The photography and electronics company Fujimovie is founded in Tokyo.
1936 – King George V of the United Kingdom dies. His son, Edward VIII, succeeds him.
1937 – At his second inauguration, Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first US President to be inaugurated on January 20.
1941 - Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to start a third term in office. He starts his fourth term on this date in 1945 and dies shortly after.
1941 - World War II: A German police officer is murdered in Bucharest, Romania, sparking a rebellion and pogrom by the Iron Guard, killing 125 Jews and 30 soldiers.
1942 – Senior Nazi officials meet at the Wannsee Conference, to plan the Holocaust.
1945 – World War II: Hungary agrees to an Armistice with the Allies.
1945 - World War II: Germany begins with the evacuation of 1.8 million people from East Prussia.
1949 – Harry S. Truman proposes Point Four program to help the world's less developed areas.
1953 - Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes President of the United States; he is the first President from the Republican Party since Herbert Hoover left office in 1933.
1960 - Hendrik Verwoerd announces a vote on whether South Africa should become a Republic.
1961 – John F. Kennedy is inaugurated as President of the United States.
1969 - Richard Nixon becomes President of the United States.
1972 - Pakistan launches its nuclear weapons program.
1977 - Jimmy Carter becomes President of the United States.
1980 – Jimmy Carter announces that the US will not participate at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.
1981 – The Iran hostage crisis ends within minutes of Ronald Reagan becoming US President.
1985 - President Ronald Reagan is inaugurated for the second time. He becomes the first president in over a decade to serve two terms.
1986 – In the United States, Martin Luther King Jr. Day is marked as a federal holiday for the first time.
1987 – Church of England envoy Terry Waite is kidnapped in Lebanon.
1989 – George H. W. Bush becomes President of the United States succeeding President Ronald Reagan.
1990 – Soviet forces kill civilians in Baku, Azerbaijan.
1991 - Sudan's government imposes Islamic law around the country, worsening the civil war between the mainly Muslim North and mainly Christian South, which would become South Sudan in 2011.
1992 - Air Inter Flight 148 crashes near Strasbourg, France, killing 87 people.
1993 – Bill Clinton becomes President of the United States, as the first Democratic President since Jimmy Carter left office in 1981.
1995 - Jean-Claude Juncker becomes Prime Minister of Luxembourg. He is Europe's longest-serving Prime Minister at the time he leaves office on December 4, 2013.
1996 – Yasser Arafat is elected Palestinian President.
1999 - The China News Service announces new government limits on internet use.
From 2001
2001 – In a coup in the Philippines, Joseph Estrada is replaced as President by Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.
2001 – George W. Bush becomes President of the United States.
2006 - People report seeing a bottlenose whale in the Thames in London. It dies late the next day after failed attempts to lead it back to the sea.
2007 - A three-man team, only on skis and kites completes a 1759-kilometer (1093-mile) journey to the Southern Pole of Inaccessibility, becoming the first people to do this without mechanical help.
2009 – Barack Obama becomes the first African American President of the United States.
2013 - Barack Obama starts his second term as President of the United States, becoming the third US President in a row to serve two terms in office.
2014 - The European Rosetta comet chaser spacecraft is reawakened after a 31-month hibernation on its way to attempt landing on a comet.
2016 - A terrorist attack is carried out on the Bacha Khan University in Charsadda, Pakistan, killing 21 people.
2016 - Scientists announce that they are "90% certain" of the existence of a 9th planet in the solar system beyond the Kuiper belt.
2017 – Donald Trump becomes President of the United States.
Births
Up to 1900
225 – Gordian III, Roman Emperor (d. 244)
1292 - Elisabeth of Bohemia (d. 1330)
1435 - Ashikaga Yoshimasa, Japanese Shogun (d. 1490)
1488 – Sebastian Münster, German humanist and teacher (d. 1552)
1554 – King Sebastian of Portugal (d. 1578)
1573 - Simon Marius, German astronomer (d. 1624)
1703 - Joseph-Hector Fiocco, Flemish composer and violinist (d. 1741)
1716 – King Charles III of Spain (d. 1788)
1732 - Richard Henry Lee, American statesman (d. 1794)
1761 - Giovanni Domenico Perotti, Italian composer (d. 1825)
1775 – André-Marie Ampère, French physicist (d. 1836)
1783 - Justus Johann Friedrich Dotzauer, German cellist and composer (d. 1860)
1798 – Anson Jones, President of Texas (d. 1858)
1812 – Thomas Meik, Scottish engineer (d. 1896)
1832 - William Larrabee, 13th Governor of Iowa (d. 1912)
1834 - George D. Robinson, 34th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1896)
1855 – Ernest Chausson, French composer (d. 1899)
1867 - Yvette Guilbert, French singer and actress (d. 1944)
1873 – Johannes Vilhelm Jensen, Danish writer (d. 1950)
1876 - Josef Hofmann, Polish inventor, composer and pianist (d. 1957)
1878 – Ruth St. Denis, American dancer (d. 1968)
1880 - Walter W. Bacon, American politician, 60th Governor of Delaware (d. 1962)
1889 - Allan Haines Loughead, American aviation executive (d. 1969)
1891 - Mischa Elman, Ukrainian-born violinist (d. 1967)
1894 - Walter Piston, American composer (d. 1976)
1894 - Harold Gray, American cartoonist (d. 1968)
1895 - Gabor Szego, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1985)
1896 – George Burns, American actor and comedian (d. 1996)
1896 - Isabel Withers, American actress (d. 1968)
1898 – U Razak, Burmese politician (d. 1947)
1899 - Kenjiro Takayanagi, Japanese television pioneer (d. 1990)
1899 – Clarice Cliff, English ceramic artist (d. 1972)
1901 1950
1902 – Leon Ames, American actor (d. 1993)
1907 - Paul Wessely, Austrian actress (d. 2000)
1910 – Joy Adamson, Austrian-Czech conservationist (d. 1980)
1911 - Alfredo Foni, Italian footballer (d. 1985)
1913 - Cleon Skousen, American writer and political theorist (d. 2006)
1915 – Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President of Pakistan (d. 2006)
1920 – Federico Fellini, Italian movie director (d. 1993)
1920 – DeForest Kelley, American actor (d. 1999)
1920 – Thorleif Schjelderup, Norwegian writer and ski jumper (d. 2006)
1922 - Ray Anthony, American jazz musician and actor
1922 - Don Mankiewicz, German-American screenwriter and inventor (d. 2015)
1923 - Nora Brockstedt, Norwegian singer (d. 2015)
1923 - Slim Whitman, American singer (d. 2013)
1924 - Yvonne Loriod, French pianist (d. 2010)
1925 - Ernesto Cardenal, Nicaraguan priest, politician and activist
1926 - Vitaly Vorotnikov, Soviet politician (d. 2012)
1926 – Patricia Neal, American actress (d. 2010)
1926 - David Tudor, American pianist and composer
1930 – Buzz Aldrin, American Apollo 11 astronaut
1931 – David Lee, American physicist
1931 - Hachidai Nakamura, Japanese songwriter and pianist
1932 - Lou Fontinato, Canadian ice hockey player
1933 - Don Thompson, British athlete (d. 2006)
1934 – Tom Baker, British actor
1936 – Frances Shand Kydd (d. 2004), mother of Diana, Princess of Wales
1939 - Chandra Wickramasinghe, Sri Lankan-British mathematician and astronomer
1940 - Mande Sidibe, Prime Minister of Mali (d. 2009)
1941 - Pierre Lalonde, Canadian singer and television presenter
1943 - Armando Guebuza, President of Mozambique
1945 - Eric Stewart, British musician and songwriter
1945 – Christopher Martin-Jenkins, British sportscaster and cricket journalist (d. 2013)
1946 – David Lynch, American movie director
1946 - Vladimir Merta, Czech singer-songwriter, journalist and writer
1947 - Cyrille Guimard, French cyclist
1948 - Mel Pritchard, English musician
1948 - Natan Sharansky, Russian-Israeli physicist and politician
1948 - Nigel Williams, English novelist
1949 – Göran Persson, former Prime Minister of Sweden
1950 – Mahamane Ousmane, former President of Niger
1950 - Liza Goddard, British actress
1951 1975
1952 – Ian Hill, British musician
1952 – Paul Stanley, American musician
1952 - Ute Hommola, German athlete
1953 - Jeffrey Epstein, American financier and convicted sexual abuser
1954 - Rudy la Scala, Venezuelan singer-songwriter
1955 - McKeeva Bush, Cayman Islands politician
1956 - Bill Maher, American writer, comedian and political activist
1956 - Maria Larsson, Swedish politician
1957 - Andy Sheppard, English jazz saxophonist
1958 - Lorenzo Lamas, American actor
1959 - R. A. Salvatore, American science fiction author
1960 - Apa Sherpa, Nepalese Sherpa mountaineer
1963 - David Baszucki, Founder of Roblox
1963 - James Denton, American actor
1964 - Ozzie Guillén, Venezuelan baseball player
1965 – Colin Calderwood, Scottish footballer
1965 – Greg Kriesel, American musician
1965 – Heather Small, British singer
1965 – Sophie, Countess of Wessex
1966 – Rainn Wilson, American actor
1966 - Stacey Dash, American actress
1969 – Nicky Wire, British musician
1970 - Skeet Ulrich, American actor
1971 – Gary Barlow, British singer (Take That)
1971 – Derrick Green, American singer
1971 - Wakanohana Masaru, Japanese sumo wrestler
1972 - Nikki Haley, American politician, 116th Governor of South Carolina
1973 - Stephen Crabb, British politician
1973 – Mathilde, Queen Consort of Belgium
1973 – Josh Weston, American gay porn actor (d. 2012)
1974 - Alvin Harrison, American athlete
From 1976
1976 - Kirsty Gallacher, British television presenter
1977 – Sid Wilson, American musician (Slipknot)
1978 – Sonja Kesselschlaeger, German athlete
1979 – Will Young, British singer
1979 – Rob Bourdon, American musician (Linkin Park)
1980 - Philippe Cousteau, Jr., French-American oceanographer
1981 – Owen Hargreaves, English footballer
1981 - Freddy Guzman, Dominican baseball player
1982 - Joe Swash, English actor
1983 – Mari Yaguchi, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
1984 – Olivia Hallinan, English actress
1984 - Lil Scrappy, American rapper
1984 - Federico Peluso, Italian footballer
1985 - Johan Erikson, Swedish ski jumper
1985 - Marina Inoue, Japanese voice actress
1987 – Marco Simoncelli, Italian motorcycle racer (d. 2011)
1987 - Evan Peters, American actor
1991 - Polona Hercog, Slovenian tennis player
1995 - Joey Badass, American rapper
1995 - Calum Chambers, English footballer
1999 - Shannon Tavarez, American actress (d. 2010)
Deaths
Up to 1900
250 - Pope Fabian
842 - Theophilos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 813)
1156 - Bishop Henry, patron saint of Finland
1191 - Fredrick VI, Duke of Swabia (b. 1167)
1410 - King Martin of Aragon (b. 1356)
1479 – King John II of Aragon (b. 1397)
1568 - Myles Coverdale, English Bible translator
1612 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1552)
1639 - Mustafa I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1591)
1666 – Anna of Austria (b. 1601)
1745 - Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1697)
1770 - Charles Yorke, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1722)
1779 - David Garrick, English actor (b. 1717)
1819 – King Charles IV of Spain (b. 1748)
1837 - John Soane, English architect (b. 1753)
1841 – Minh Mang, Vietnamese Emperor (b. 1791)
1848 – King Christian VIII of Denmark (b. 1786)
1852 - Onomatsu Midorinusuke, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1794)
1859 – Bettina von Arnim, German writer (b. 1785)
1891 – King David Kalakaua of Hawaii (b. 1836)
1892 – John Couch Adams, English mathematician and astronomer (b. 1819)
1900 – John Ruskin, English art critic (b. 1819)
1901 2000
1901 - Zenobe Gramme, Belgian engineer (b. 1826)
1913 - Jose Guadalupe Posada, Mexican engraver and illustrator (b. 1852)
1936 – King George V of the United Kingdom (b. 1865)
1940 - Omar Bundy, American general (b. 1861)
1957 – James Brendan Connolly, American athlete (b. 1865)
1971 - Minanogawa Tozo, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1903)
1971 - Broncho Bill Anderson, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1880)
1973 – Amilcar Cabral, Guinea-Bissau politician (b. 1924)
1979 - Gustav Winckler, Danish singer (b. 1925)
1983 – Garrincha, Brazilian footballer (b. 1933)
1984 – Johnny Weissmuller, American swimmer and actor (b. 1904)
1989 - Alamgir Kabir, Bangladeshi director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1938)
1990 - Hayedeh, Iranian singer (b. 1942)
1990 – Barbara Stanwyck, American actress (b. 1907)
1993 – Audrey Hepburn, Belgian-born actress (b. 1929)
1994 – Matt Busby, Scottish football player and manager (b. 1909)
1996 - Gerry Mulligan, American musician (b. 1927)
1997 - Curt Flood, American baseball player (b. 1938)
1998 – Bobo Brazil, American professional wrestler (b. 1923)
From 2001
2003 - Al Hirschfeld, American caricaturist (b. 1903)
2005 – Per Borten, Prime Minister of Norway (b. 1913)
2005 – Miriam Rothschild, English conservationist (b. 1908)
2008 - Louis de Cazenave, French World War I veteran and supercentenarian (b. 1897)
2009 – Stephanos II Ghattas, Patriarch of the Egyptian Coptic Church (b. 1920)
2011 - Sexy Cora, German pornographic actress (b. 1987)
2012 - Jiri Raska, Czech ski jumper (b. 1941)
2012 – Etta James, American singer (b. 1938)
2014 - Claudio Abbado, Italian conductor (b. 1933)
2014 - Vern Benson, American baseball player (b. 1924)
2015 - Anatol Hrytskievich, Belarussian historian (b. 1929)
2015 - Hitoshi Saito, Japanese gymnast (b. 1961)
2015 - Edgar Froese, German musician (b. 1944)
2015 - Ricardo dos Santos, Brazilian surfer (b. 1990)
2015 - James Walker, Australian television writer (b. 1973)
2016 - Edmonde Charles-Roux, French writer (b. 1920)
2016 - George Weidenfeld, Baron Weidenfeld, Austrian-British publisher, philanthropist and newspaper columnist (b. 1919)
2016 - Ronald Greenwald, American rabbi and activist (b. 1934)
2016 - David G. Hartwell, American editor, publisher and critic (b. 1941)
Observances
Armed Forces Day (Mali)
Martyrs' Day (Azerbaijan)
Inauguration Day (United States) every four years, last in 2013 and next in 2017. Public inauguration of the US President is on January 21 if the 20th is a Sunday (like in 2013).
US Presidents inaugurated on January 20
1937 – Franklin D. Roosevelt
1941 – Franklin D. Roosevelt
1945 – Franklin D. Roosevelt
1949 – Harry S. Truman
1953 – Dwight D. Eisenhower
1957 – Dwight D. Eisenhower
1961 – John F. Kennedy
1965 – Lyndon B. Johnson
1969 – Richard Nixon
1973 – Richard Nixon
1977 – Jimmy Carter
1981 – Ronald Reagan
1985 – Ronald Reagan
1989 – George H. W. Bush
1993 – Bill Clinton
1997 – Bill Clinton
2001 – George W. Bush
2005 – George W. Bush
2009 – Barack Obama
2013 - Barack Obama
2017 - Donald Trump
2021 - Joe Biden
Days of the year |
9735 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2021 | January 21 |
Events
Up to 1900
1189 – Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade.
1276 – Innocent V becomes Pope.
1525 – The Swiss Anabaptist Movement was born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptized each other in the home of Manz's mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zürich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union.
1643 – Abel Tasman discovers Tonga.
1720 – Sweden and Prussia sign the Treaty of Stockholm.
1749 - The Teatro Filarmonico in Verona, northern Italy, is destroyed by fire. It is rebuilt in 1754.
1789 – The first American novel, The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of Nature Founded in Truth, is printed in Boston, Massachusetts.
1793 – After being found guilty for treason by the French Convention, Louis XVI of France is guillotined.
1793 – Russia and Prussia partition Poland.
1840 - Adelie Land in Antarctica is discovered.
1853 – Russell L. Hawes patents the envelope-folding machine.
1854 - Iron clipper RMS Tayleur of the White Star Line sinks in the Irish Sea during its first voyage, killing 362 people.
1861 – American Civil War: Jefferson Davis resigns from the United States Senate.
1864 – The Tauranga Campaign starts during the Maori Wars.
1887 – The Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) is formed.
1899 – Opel Motors opens for business.
1901 2000
1904 - Oprera Jenůfa by Leoš Janáček first performed.
1908 – New York City passes a law, the Sullivan Ordinance, making it illegal for women to smoke in public only to be vetoed by the mayor.
1911 – The first Monte Carlo Rally.
1915 – Kiwanis International founded in Detroit, Michigan.
1917 - An earthquake in Bali kills 15,000 people.
1919 – Meeting in the Mansion House Dublin, the Sinn Féin adopts Ireland's first constitution.
1924 – Vladimir Lenin dies and Joseph Stalin begins to purge his rivals to clear way for his leadership.
1925 – Albania declares itself a republic.
1931 - Isaac Isaacs becomes the first Governor-General of Australia who was born in Australia.
1940 - Off the Mediterranean Sea coast of France, an explosion occurs on Italian passenger ship Orazio, causing a fire on board, before the ship sinks, killing 106 people.
1941 – World War II: Australian and British forces attack Tobruk, Libya.
1948 - The Flag of Quebec is flown over the National Assembly of Quebec for the first time.
1950 – Alger Hiss is convicted of perjury.
1951 - The Lamington volcano erupts on the island of New Guinea, killing 3,000 people.
1954 – The first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus, is launched in Groton, Connecticut by Mamie Eisenhower, then the First Lady of the United States.
1960 - Avianca Flight 671 crashes and burns while landing in Montego Bay, Jamaica, killing 37 people.
1961 - 435 workers are buried alive when a mine in Coalbrook, South Africa, collapses.
1968 – Simon & Garfunkel release the Original Soundtrack to The Graduate. It quickly goes to #1 on the pop charts and which will bring Simon a Grammy Award for Best Original Score.
1969 – An experimental underground nuclear reactor at Lucens Vad, Switzerland, released radiation into a cavern, which was then sealed.
1976 – The first commercial service Concorde flights take off from London and Paris.
1977 – President Jimmy Carter pardons nearly all Vietnam War draft evaders.
1980 - The Great Wall of China is placed under protection.
1980 - A plane crash during a snowstorm in Tehran kills 128 people.
1985 - After being moved to this date because January 20 was a Sunday, Ronald Reagan's second inauguration as President of the United States is held indoors, because of cold and windy weather.
1994 – Lorena Bobbitt is found not-guilty by reason of temporary insanity for severing the penis of her husband John Bobbitt.
1997 – Newt Gingrich becomes the first leader of the United States House of Representatives to be internally disciplined for ethical misconduct.
1998 - Pope John Paul II becomes the first Pope to visit Cuba.
1999 – War on Drugs: In one of the one of the largest drug busts in American history, the United States Coast Guard stops a ship with over 9,500 pounds (4,300 kg) of cocaine on board.
2000 - Jamil Mahuad is removed as President of Ecuador in a coup led by Lucio Gutiérrez.
From 2001
2003 - A magnitude 7.6 earthquake strikes the state of Colima, Mexico.
2004 – Canada: The residence of reporter, Juliet O'Neill was searched by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police investigating leaks concerning the deportation of Maher Arar.
2004 – NASA's MER-A (the Mars Rover Spirit) ceased communication with mission control. The problem was with Flash Memory management and fixed remotely from Earth on February 6.
2005 – In Belize's capital city, the unrest over the government's new taxes erupts into riots.
2008 – Black Monday on the world's stock markets, the worst day for financial markets since September 11, 2001.
2008 – Marie Smith Jones, the last-surviving speaker of the Eyak language, dies, rendering the language extinct.
2012 - 16-year-old Laura Dekker becomes the youngest person to sail around the world on her own, though this category is no longer included in the Guinness Book of Records.
2013 - Barack Obama's second public inauguration as President of the United States takes place. A private inauguration took place the previous day, which was a Sunday.
Births
Up to 1900
1277 - Galeazzo I Visconti, ruler of Milan (d. 1328)
1338 – King Charles V of France (d. 1380)
1721 - James Murray, British Governor of Quebec (d. 1794)
1735 - Johann Gottfried Eckard, German pianist and composer (d. 1809)
1738 – Ethan Allen, American freedom fighter (d. 1789)
1763 - Augustin Robespierre, French politician (d. 1794)
1784 - Andrew Stevenson, American politician (d. 1857)
1813 - John C. Frémont, American army officer, explorer and politician (d. 1890)
1815 - John Bingham, American lawyer, judge and politician (d. 1900)
1824 – Stonewall Jackson, American Confederate General (d. 1870)
1825 - Imre Madach, Hungarian writer (d. 1864)
1827 – Ivan Mikheevich Pervushin, Russian mathematician (d. 1900)
1829 – King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (d. 1907)
1846 - Pieter Hendrik Schoute, Dutch mathematician (d. 1923)
1846 - Nathaniel Edwin Harris, Governor of Georgia (d. 1929)
1848 – Henri Duparc, French composer (d. 1933)
1855 - John Browning, American inventor (d. 1926)
1860 – Karl Staaff, Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1915)
1864 - Paul Troje, German politician (d. 1942)
1867 - Maxime Weygand, French general (d. 1965)
1867 – Ludwig Thoma, German writer (d. 1921)
1869 - Grigori Rasputin, Russian monk, mystic and spiritual healer (d. 1916)
1881 - Ernst Fast, Swedish long-distance runner (d. 1959)
1882 – Pavel Florensky, Russian theologian, philosopher and mathematician (d. 1937)
1883 – Olav Aukrust, Norwegian poet (d. 1929)
1883 - James H. Duff, 36th Governor of Pennsylvania (d. 1969)
1885 – Umberto Nobile, Italian aeronautical engineer and Arctic explorer (d. 1978)
1887 – Georges Vézina, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1926)
1895 - Cristobal Balenciaga, Spanish fashion designer (d. 1972)
1899 – Alexander Tcherepnin, Russian-born American composer (d. 1977)
1901 1950
1901 – Ricardo Zamora, Spanish footballer (d. 1978)
1905 – Christian Dior, French fashion designer (d. 1957)
1905 – Karl Wallenda, German-born acrobat (d. 1978)
1908 - Raymond D. Gary, Governor of Oklahoma (d. 1993)
1910 - Eua Sunthornsanan, Thai composer and bandleader (d. 1981)
1910 – Albert Rosellini, American politician (d. 2011)
1911 - Bill Graber, American pole vaulter (d. 1996)
1912 – Konrad Emil Bloch, German biochemist (d. 2000)
1915 - Orazio Mariani, Italian sprinter (d. 1981)
1915 - Bill Sefton, American pole vaulter (d. 1982)
1916 – Pietro Rava, Italian footballer (d. 2006)
1918 – Richard Winters, American paratrooper (d. 2011)
1919 - Lennie Bluett, American actor (d. 2016)
1919 - Eric Brown, Scottish test pilot (d. 2016)
1921 - Howard Unruh, American murderer (d. 2009)
1922 – Paul Scofield, British actor (d. 2008)
1922 – Telly Savalas, American actor and singer (d. 1994)
1923 - Lola Flores, Spanish singer, dancer and actress (d. 1995)
1924 – Benny Hill, British comedian (d. 1992)
1926 - Steve Reeves, American actor (d. 2000)
1928 - Reynaldo Bignone, Argentine general and former military leader
1929 - Denis Sanders, American movie director, producer and screenwriter
1930 - Mainza Chona, 3rd Vice President of Zambia (d. 2001)
1932 - John Chaney, American basketball coach
1933 - Joseph W. Eschbach, American physician (d. 2007)
1934 - Audrey Dalton, Irish actress
1936 - Koji Hashimoto, Japanese movie director (d. 2005)
1937 - Prince Max, Duke of Bavaria
1938 - Wolfman Jack, American DJ and actor (d. 1995)
1938 - Ken Maginnis, Northern Irish soldier, educator and politician
1939 – Friedel Lutz, German footballer
1940 – Jack Nicklaus, American golfer
1941 – Plácido Domingo, Spanish opera singer and conductor
1941 – Richie Havens, American musician (d. 2013)
1942 - Mac Davis, American musician
1945 – Martin Shaw, English actor
1947 - Jonathan Meades, English journalist and author
1949 - Gennaro Contaldo, Italian chef
1950 – Billy Ocean, Trinidadian musician
1950 - Zelimkhan Yaqub, Azerbaijani poet (d. 2016)
1950 – Gary Locke, American politician
1951 1975
1951 – Eric Holder, American jurist, United States Attorney General
1953 – Paul Allen, American entrepreneur and co-founder of Microsoft
1954 – Thomas de Maizière, German politician
1954 – Idrissa Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso movie maker
1955 – Jeff Koons, American artist
1955 – Peter Fleming, American tennis player
1956 – Geena Davis, American actress
1957 – Greg Ryan, American soccer coach
1958 – Frank Ticheli, American composer
1959 – Alex McLeish, Scottish footballer and manager
1962 – Marie Trintignant, French actress (d. 2003)
1962 – Tyler Cowen, American economist
1963 – Hakeem Olajuwon, Nigerian-American basketball player
1965 – Jam Master Jay, American DJ (d. 2002)
1968 – Charlotte Ross, American actress
1969 – Tsubaki Nekoi, Japanese manga artist
1969 – Karina Lombard, American actress
1969 – M. K. Hobson, American writer
1971 – Alan McManus, Scottish snooker player
1971 – Doug Weight, American ice hockey player
1971 – Sergey Klevchenya, Russian speed skater
1972 – Yasunori Matsuda, Japanese composer
1974 – Kim Dotcom, German-Finnish Internet entrepreneur and founder of Megaupload
1975 – Nicky Butt, English footballer
1975 – Ito, Spanish footballer
From 1976
1976 – Igors Stepanovs, Latvian footballer
1976 – Emma Bunton, English singer (Spice Girls)
1977 – Phil Neville, English footballer
1977 - Jerry Trainor, American actor
1977 - Bradley Carnell, South African footballer
1978 - Phil Stacey, American singer
1978 - Andrei Zyuzin, Russian ice hockey player
1979 – Brian O'Driscoll, Irish rugby player
1979 - Johann Hari, Scottish journalist
1980 – Dave Kitson, English footballer
1980 - Nana Mizuki, Japanese singer-songwriter and voice actress
1982 – Nicolas Mahut, French tennis player
1982 – Dean Whitehead, English footballer
1982 – Simon Rolfes, German footballer
1983 – Moritz Volz, German footballer
1983 – Maryse Ouellet, Canadian professional wrestler
1984 - Raymond Gutierrez, American-Filipino actor and television host
1984 - Richard Gutierrez, American-Filipino actor
1985 - Justin Ingram, American basketball player
1985 - Adrian Lewis, English darts player
1985 - Aura Dione, Danish singer and songwriter
1986 - Jonathan Quick, American ice hockey player
1987 – Joe Ledley, Welsh footballer
1987 - Darren Helm, Canadian ice hockey player
1990 - Jacob Smith, American actor
1993 - Chiara Pierobon, Italian cyclist (d. 2015)
1994 – Laura Robson, British tennis player
1994 - Kang Seung-yoon, South Korean singer-songwriter and actor
1994 - Marny Kennedy, Australian actress, singer and model
1994 - Booboo Stewart, American actor, singer and sportsman
1997 - Jeremy Shada, American actor
2001 – Jackson Brundage, American actor
2004 – Princess Ingrid Alexandra of Norway
Deaths
Up to 1900
304 – Saint Agnes, Christian martyr (b. 291)
917 - Erchanger, Duke of Swabia (b. 880)
1118 – Pope Paschal II
1519 – Vasco Nunez de Balboa, Spanish explorer (b. 1475)
1527 - Juan de Grijalva, Spanish conquistador (b. 1489)
1546 - Azai Sukemasa, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1491)
1609 - Joseph Justus Scaliger, French Protestant scholar (b. 1540)
1638 - Ignazio Donati, Italian composer (b. 1570)
1773 – Alexis Piron, French writer (b. 1689)
1774 – Mustafa III, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1717)
1775 - Yemelyan Pugachev, Russian rebel (b. 1742)
1789 - Baron d'Holbach, French-German author, philosopher and encyclopedist (b. 1723)
1793 – King Louis XVI of France (b. 1754)
1795 - Samuel Wallis, English navigator (b. 1728)
1809 - Josiah Hornblower, American engineer and politician (b. 1729)
1831 – Ludwig Achim von Arnim, German poet (b. 1781)
1851 – Albert Lertzing, German composer (b. 1801)
1872 – Franz Grillparzer, Austrian writer (b. 1791)
1891 – Calixa Lavallée, Canadian composer (b. 1842)
1901 2000
1901 – Elisha Gray, American inventor (b. 1835)
1919 - Ahmed Muhtar Pasha, Ottoman general and Grand Vizier (b. 1839)
1919 – Gojong of the Korean Empire, Emperor of Korea (b. 1852)
1924 – Vladimir Lenin, Russian political leader (b. 1870)
1926 – Camillo Golgi, Italian doctor, won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1843)
1928 - George Goethals, American army engineer (b. 1858)
1932 – Giles Lytton Strachey, British writer (b. 1880)
1937 - Marie Prevost, Canadian actress (b. 1898)
1938 - Georges Méliès, French director (b. 1861)
1940 - Prince Christopher of Greece and Denmark (b. 1888)
1945 - Rash Behari Bose, Indian freedom fighter (b. 1886)
1950 – George Orwell, British writer (b. 1903)
1959 – Cecil B. DeMille, American director (b. 1881)
1961 – Blaise Cendrars, Swiss writer (b. 1903)
1967 - Ann Sheridan, American actress (b. 1915)
1977 – Sandro Penna, Italian poet (b. 1906)
1989 – Billy Tipton, American musician (b. 1914)
1989 - Carl Furillo, American baseball player (b. 1922)
1990 - Mariano Rumor, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1915)
1994 - Bassel al-Assad, brother of Bashar al-Assad (b. 1962)
1994 - Andrejs Kapmals, Latvian runner (b. 1889)
1997 – Colonel Tom Parker, American music manager (b. 1909)
1998 - Jack Lord, American actor (b. 1920)
1999 - Charles Brown, American blues singer and musician (b. 1920)
1999 - Susan Strasberg, American actress (b. 1938)
From 2001
2001 - Byron De La Beckwith, American murderer (b. 1920)
2004 - Yordan Radichkov, Bulgarian writer (b. 1929)
2006 – Ibrahim Rugova, President of Kosovo (b. 1944)
2007 - Maria Cioncan, Romanian athlete (b. 1977)
2007 - U-Nee, South Korean singer, dancer and actress (b. 1981)
2008 – Marie Smith Jones, last speaker of the Eyak language (b. 1918)
2011 – Dennis Oppenheim, American artist (b. 1938)
2013 - Michael Winner, British movie director, producer and food critic (b. 1935)
2013 - Alden W. Clausen, American banker and former World Bank President (b. 1923)
2014 - Manfred Bleskin, German journalist (b. 1949)
2015 - Kemal Monteno, Bosnian singer (b. 1948)
2015 - Leon Brittan, British politician (b. 1939)
2015 - Marcus Borg, American theologian (b. 1942)
2015 - Pauline Yates, English actress (b. 1929)
2016 - Bill Johnson, American skier (b. 1960)
2016 - Robert Sassone, French cyclist (b. 1978)
2016 - Derrick Todd Lee, American serial killer (b. 1968)
2016 - Mrinalini Sarabhai, Iranian classical dancer and choreographer (b. 1918)
2020 - Terry Jones, English comedy writer (b. 1942)
Observances
Flag Day (Quebec)
Christian feast day of Saint Agnes
Errol Barrow Day (Bahamas)
National Hug Day (United States)
Lady of Altagracia Day (Dominican Republic)
Days of the year |
9736 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2022 | January 22 |
Events
Up to 1900
565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus.
1462 - The Portuguese reach Sao Vicente, Cape Verde.
1506 - The first contingent of 150 Swiss Guards arrive in Vatican City.
1517 - The Ottoman Empire under Selim I defeats the Mamluk Sultanate and captures the area that is now Egypt in the Battle of Ridaniya.
1521 - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor opens the Diet of Worms.
1555 - The Ava Kingdom falls to the Taungoo Dynasty in what is now present-day Burma.
1689 - The Convention Parliament convenes on whether James II of England/James VII of Scotland abandoned the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland when he fled to France in 1688.
1771 – Spain gives Port Egmont in the Falkland Islands to England.
1824 - The Ashantis defeat British forces in the Gold Coast, present-day Ghana.
1840 – British colonists reach New Zealand.
1849 - Second Anglo-Sikh War: The Siege of Multan ends after nine months when the last defenders of Multan, Punjab, surrender.
1863 - The January Uprising begins the Poland, Lithuania and Belarus against Russian rule.
1873 - The British clipper Northfleet collides with Spanish steamship Murillo off Kent, killing 293 people.
1879 - Anglo-Zulu War: In the Battle of Rorke's Drift, 139 British soldiers successfully defend their garrison against an onslaught by 3 to 4,000 Zulu warriors. On the same day, Zulu warriors defeat British troops at the Battle of Isandlwana.
1890 - The United Mine Workers of America trade union is founded in Columbus, Ohio.
1899 – Leaders of six Australian colonies meet in Melbourne to discuss uniting.
1901 2000
1901 – Edward VII becomes King after Queen Victoria, dies. Her death ends the Victorian era, having reigned longer than any British monarch before her.
1905 - Bloody Sunday in Saint Petersburg: Start of the 1905 Revolution in Russia.
1906 - The ship SS Valencia runs aground on Vancouver Island, killing more than 130 people.
1915 - Over 600 people are killed in Guadalajara, Mexico, when their train plunges off the tracks into a canyon.
1917 – World War I: US President Woodrow Wilson calls for "peace without victory" in Europe.
1924 - Ramsay MacDonald becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He is the first Prime Minister from the Labour Party.
1927 - Teddy Wakelam gives his first live video commentary of a football match anywhere in the world, between Arsenal FC and Sheffield United.
1931 – Sir Isaac Isaacs sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia.
1941 - World War II: British and Commonwealth forces capture Tobruk in Libya from the Italians in Operation Bypass.
1944 – World War II: Allies begin Operation Shingle (an attack on Anzio, Italy).
1946 - The "Central Intelligence Group" is created. It is a forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency.
1953 – The Crucible, a play by Arthur Miller, starts on Broadway.
1957 – Israel leaves the Sinai Peninsula.
1959 - The Knox Mine Disaster occurs in Patston City, Pennsylvania kills 12 people, as water breaches the mine.
1962 – The Organization of American States (OAS) makes Cuba no longer a member.
1963 - The Elysee Treaty of cooperation between France and the Federal Republic of Germany is signed by French President Charles de Gaulle and German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer.
1968 - Apollo 5 lifts off, carrying the first lunar module into space.
1969 - A gunman attempts to kill Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev.
1970 - The world's first jumbo jet, a Boeing 747, enters commercial service for the first time, flying from New York City to London.
1971 - The Singapore Declaration, an important part of the treaty of the Commonwealth of Nations.
1973 - A Boeing 737 of the Royal Jordanian Airline explodes at Kano Airport in northern Nigeria, killing 176 people.
1973 - George Foreman defeats Joe Frazier to win the World Heavyweight Boxing champion.
1973 – The Supreme Court of the United States shows its decision in Roe vs. Wade, stopping laws that limit abortion during the first six months of being pregnant.
1980 – Andrei Sakharov is arrested in Moscow.
1984 - The Apple Macintosh computer is introduced.
1987 - Pennsylvania politician R. Budd Dwyer shoots and kills himself during a live press conference.
1987 - Philippine Security forces open fire on a crowd of 10,000 to 15,000 demonstrators in Manila, killing 13 people.
1991 - Gulf War: Three SCUDs and one patriot missile hit Ramat Gan, Israel, killing 96 people.
From 2001
2003 – The Netherlands vote for a new parliament after the one before had only been into power for 86 days.
2006 - Anibal Cavaco Silva is elected President of Portugal.
2006 - Evo Morales becomes President of Bolivia.
2006 – Russia uncovers that the UK spied through a device disguised as a rock.
2007 - More than 88 people are killed in two car bombings in Baghdad.
2015 - After Houthi rebels seize the Presidential palace in the capital, Sana'a, Yemen's President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi resigns following months of unrest.
2018 - Former footballer George Weah becomes President of Liberia.
Births
Up to 1900
826 - Emperor Montoku of Japan (d. 858)
1263 - Ibn Taymiyyah, Syrian scholar and theologian (d. 1328)
1440 – Ivan III of Russia (d. 1505)
1552 - Walter Raleigh, English poet, soldier, courtier, spy and explorer (d. 1618)
1561 – Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher (d. 1626)
1592 – Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher (d. 1655)
1690 - Nicolas Lancret, French painter (d. 1743)
1729 – Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German writer and philosopher (d. 1781)
1733 – Philip Carteret, English navy captain, discovered Pitcairn Island (d. 1796)
1781 - François Habeneck, French violinist and conductor (d. 1849)
1788 – Lord Byron, English poet (d. 1824)
1796 - Karl Ernst Claus, Russian chemist (d. 1864)
1797 – Maria Leopoldina of Austria, Empress of Brazil (d. 1826)
1814 – Eduard Zeller, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1908)
1831 – Prince Christian III of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1917)
1840 - Ernest Roland Wilberforce, English bishop (d. 1907)
1843 - Friedrich Blass, German classical scholar (d. 1907)
1849 – August Strindberg, Swedish novelist and playwright (d. 1912)
1855 - Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser, German physician (d. 1916)
1858 - Beatrice Webb, American sociologist and economist (d. 1943)
1865 - Wilbur Scoville, American pharmacologist and chemist (d. 1942)
1869 - José Vicente de Freitas, 97th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1952)
1874 - Vincenzo Lapuma, Italian cardinal (d. 1943)
1875 – D. W. Griffith, American actor, movie director and movie producer (d. 1948)
1877 – Hjalmar Schacht, German banker and politician (d. 1970)
1879 – Francis Picabia, French-born painter and poet (d. 1953)
1880 - Frigyes Riesz, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1956)
1882 - Theodore Kosloff, Russian-American actor, ballet dancer and choreographer (d. 1958)
1885 - Eugène Christophe, French cyclist (d. 1970)
1890 – Fred M. Vinson, Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1953)
1891 – Antonio Gramsci, Italian philosopher and political theorist (d. 1937)
1892 - Marcel Dassault, French businessman (d. 1986)
1893 - Conrad Veidt, German actor (d. 1943)
1897 - Blind Willie Johnson, American blues and gospel musician (d. 1945)
1897 - Rosa Ponselle, American soprano (d. 1981)
1898 - Ross Barnett, American politician, 52nd Governor of Mississippi (d. 1987)
1898 - Sergei Eisenstein, Russian movie director (d. 1948)
1900 - Ernst Busch, German actor and singer (d. 1980)
1901 1950
1901 - Walther Sommerlath, German businessman, father of Queen Silvia of Sweden (d. 1990)
1901 - Ken G. Hall, Australian movie producer, director and screenwriter (d. 1994)
1904 – George Balanchine, Georgian-born choreographer (d. 1983)
1904 – Arkady Gaidar, Russian writer (d. 1941)
1907 – Dixie Dean, English footballer (d. 1980)
1908 – Lev Davidovich Landau, Soviet physicist (d. 1968)
1909 – U Thant, Burmese diplomat and United Nations Secretary-General (d. 1974)
1909 - Ann Sothern, American actress (d. 2004)
1911 – Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1990)
1913 - Henry Bauchau, Belgian psychoanalyst (d. 2012)
1913 - William Conway, Irish cardinal (d. 1977)
1915 - Heinrich Albertz, Mayor of Berlin (d. 1993)
1916 - Bill Durnan, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1972)
1916 - Henri Dutilleux, French composer (d. 2013)
1918 - Elmer Lach, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015)
1918 - Bruno Zevi, Italian architect, historian and professor (d. 2000)
1920 – Irving Kristol, American political commentator (d. 2009)
1920 – Chiara Lubich, Italian religious leader (d. 2008)
1920 – Alf Ramsey, English football manager (d. 1999)
1922 - Howard Moss, American poet, playwright and critic (d. 1987)
1923 - Diana Douglas, Bermudan-American actress (d. 2015)
1924 - Ortvin Sarapu, New Zealand chess player (d. 1999)
1925 – Bobby George, American baseball player (d. 1985)
1929 - Petr Eben, Czech composer, organist and choirmaster (d. 2007)
1931 - Galina Zybina, Russian shot putter and javelin thrower
1932 – Piper Laurie, American actress
1934 - Vijay Anand, Indian actor, director, screenwriter and producer (d. 2004)
1934 – Bill Bixby, American actor (d. 1993)
1935 - Seymour Cassel, American actor
1936 – Ong Teng Cheong, President of Singapore (d. 2002)
1936 – Alan J. Heeger, American chemist
1936 - Valerio Zanone, Italian politician (d. 2016)
1938 – Altair Gomes de Figueiredo, Brazilian footballer
1939 - J. C. Trembley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1994)
1939 – Alfredo Palacio, former President of Ecuador
1940 – John Hurt, British actor (d. 2017)
1940 - Gillian Shepherd, British educator and politician
1941 - Jaan Kaplinski, Estonian writer and philosopher
1942 - Mimis Domazos, Greek footballer
1945 - Jean-Pierre Nicolas, French rally driver
1945 - Alojz Uran, former Roman Catholic Archbishop of Ljubljana
1945 - Christoph Schönborn, Austrian cardinal
1946 – Malcolm McLaren, British music manager (d. 2010)
1946 - Serge Savard, Canadian ice hockey player
1948 - Gilbert Levine, American conductor
1949 - Steve Perry, American singer, composer and musician
1951 1975
1951 - Ondrej Nepela, Slovakian figure skater (d. 1989)
1953 - Myung-whun Chung, South Korean pianist and conductor
1954 – Chris Lemmon, American actor
1955 - Keiko Takahashi, Japanese actress
1955 - Thomas David Jones, American astronaut
1955 - Neil Bush, American businessman, brother of George W. Bush
1957 – Francis Wheen, English writer and journalist
1958 - Nikos Anastopoulos, Greek footballer
1959 – Linda Blair, American actress
1959 – Urs Meier, Swiss football referee
1960 – Michael Hutchence, Australian musician (d. 1997)
1962 – Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu, Malaysian Head of State
1963 - Neeraj Vora, Indian actor (d. 2017)
1964 – Nigel Benn, English boxer
1965 – Steven Adler, American drummer (Guns N' Roses)
1965 - Diane Lane, American actress
1968 - Guy Fieri, American television host, chef and restaurateur
1968 - Heath, Japanese singer-songwriter and bass player
1968 – Mauricio Serna, Colombian footballer
1970 - Abraham Olano, Spanish cyclist
1971 - Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu, Australian musician (d. 2017)
1971 – Stan Collymore, English footballer
1971 - Sergei Zamorski, Russian-Estonian footballer
1972 - Namrata Shirodkar, Indian actress
1973 – Rogério Ceni, Brazilian footballer
1974 - Joseph Muscat, 13th Prime Minister of Malta
From 1976
1977 – Hidetoshi Nakata, Japanese footballer
1977 - Mario Domm, Mexican singer-songwriter, pianist and producer
1980 – Jonathan Woodgate, English footballer
1981 – Ben Moody, American musician
1981 – Beverley Mitchell, American actress
1981 - Ibrahima Sonko, French footballer
1982 – Fabricio Coloccini, Argentine footballer
1984 – Ben Eager, Canadian ice hockey player
1984 - Todor Slavov, Bulgarian rally driver (d. 2015)
1985 – Mohamed Sissoko, Malian footballer
1986 - Lee Pa-ni, South Korean model
1987 – Astrid Jacobsen, Norwegian skier
1987 – Shane Long, Irish footballer
1988 - Greg Oden, American basketball player
1990 - Alizé Cornet, French tennis player
1991 - Elizabeth Simmonds, British swimmer
1993 - Rio Haryanto, Indonesian racing driver
1993 - Tommy Knight, English actor
1994 - Hendrik Bonmann, German footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
239 - Cao Rui, Chinese Emperor (b. 205)
1341 - Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1279)
1531 – Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter (b. 1487)
1592 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (b. 1554)
1599 - Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (b. 1547)
1666 – Shah Jahan, Mughal Emperor (b. 1592)
1767 – Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German scientist (b. 1719)
1779 – Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor and astronomer (b. 1733)
1840 – Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist (b. 1752)
1892 - Joseph P. Bradley, American jurist (b. 1813)
1900 - David Edward Hughes, Welsh-American physicist and inventor (b. 1831)
1901 2000
1901 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (b. 1819)
1919 – Carl Larsson, Swedish painter (b. 1853)
1922 – Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician and pacifist (b. 1837)
1922 – Pope Benedict XV (b. 1854)
1922 – Camille Jordan, French mathematician (b. 1838)
1929 - R. C. Lehmann, English journalist, author and politician (b. 1856)
1942 – Walter Sickert, German painter (b. 1860)
1945 – Else Lasker-Schüler, German poet (b. 1869)
1950 – Alan Hale, Sr., American actor (b. 1892)
1950 - Corinne Luchaire, French actress (b. 1921)
1951 - Karl Nessler, German-American hairdresser (b. 1872)
1951 - Lawson Robertson, Scottish-American high jumper (b. 1883)
1954 - Princess Margaret of Prussia (b. 1872)
1957 - Ralph Barton Perry, American philosopher (b. 1876)
1959 – Mike Hawthorn, English racing driver (b. 1929)
1963 - William Godfrey, English cardinal (b. 1889)
1968 – Duke Kahanamoku, Hawaiian-American swimmer and surfer (b. 1890)
1971 - Harry Frank Guggenheim, American businessman and publisher (b. 1890)
1973 – Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President of the United States (b. 1908)
1978 - Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (b. 1894)
1982 – Eduardo Frei Montalva, President of Chile (b. 1911)
1982 - Tommy Tucker, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1933)
1990 – Mariano Rumor, Italian politician (b. 1915)
1990 – Roman Vishniac, Russian-American photographer (b. 1897)
1991 – Kenas Aroi, Nauruan politician (b. 1942)
1994 – Telly Savalas, American entertainer (b. 1924)
1994 - Jean-Louis Barrault, French actor and director (b. 1910)
1995 – Jerry Blackwell, American professional wrestler (b. 1949)
1995 – Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, mother of John F. Kennedy (b. 1890)
1998 - C. Elmer Anderson, Governor of Minnesota (b. 1912)
From 2001
2002 – Stanley Marcus, American businessman (b. 1905)
2003 - Bill Mauldin, American cartoonist (b. 1921)
2005 - Carlo Orelli, Italian soldier and supercentenarian (b. 1894)
2007 - Abbé Pierre, French priest and monk (b. 1912)
2008 – Claude Piron, Swiss translator (b. 1931)
2008 – Heath Ledger, Australian actor (b. 1979)
2010 – Sultan Iskandar of Johor, Malaysian Head of State (b. 1932)
2010 – Jean Simmons, British actress (b. 1929)
2012 – Joe Paterno, American college football coach (b. 1926)
2014 - Carlo Mazzacurati, Italian movie director (b. 1956)
2015 - Wendell H. Ford, American politician, Governor of Kentucky (b. 1924)
2015 - Joan Hinde, English trumpeter and entertainer (b. 1933)
2015 - Dacia Valent, Somali-Italian politician (b. 1963)
2016 - Homayoun Behzadi, Iranian footballer (b. 1941)
2016 - Miloslav Ransdorf, Czech politician (b. 1953)
2016 - Rik Wilson, American ice hockey player (b. 1962)
2016 - Cecil Parkinson, English politician (b. 1931)
2016 - Kamer Genç, Turkish politician (b. 1940)
2017 - Dan Caspi, Romanian-Israeli media theorist and academic (b. 1945)
2017 - Chen Yu-mei, Taiwanese politician (b. 1966)
2017 - Moshe Gershuni, Israeli painter and sculptor (b. 1936)
2017 - Jaki Liebezeit, German musician (b. 1938)
2017 - Andy Marte, Dominican baseball player (b. 1983)
2017 - Yordano Ventura, Dominican baseball player (b. 1991)
2017 - Pete Overend Watts, English musician (b. 1947)
2018 - Jimmy Armfield, English footballer (b. 1935)
2018 - Billy Hancock, American singer and guitarist (b. 1946)
2018 - Reinier Kreijermaat, Dutch footballer (b. 1935)
2018 - Ursula K. Le Guin, American science fiction writer (b. 1929)
Holidays and observances
New Zealand – Wellington Anniversary
Ukraine - Reunion Day
Poland - Grandfather's Day
Days of the year |
9737 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2023 | January 23 |
Events
Up to 1900
393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I announces that his eight-year-old son Honorius will be co-Emperor.
1556 – A magnitude 9.0 earthquake hits Shaanxi and Kansu, China. It is estimated that up to 830,000 people are killed in the quake.
1570 - James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, regent for James VI of Scotland, is murdered by a firearm, the first-recorded murder by gunshot.
1571 - The Royal Exchange opens in Moscow.
1579 - The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant Republic in the Netherlands.
1656 - Blaise Pascal publishes the first of his Lettres Provinciales.
1719 – The Principality of Liechtenstein is created within the Holy Roman Empire.
1772 - French seafarer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresnet and his second-in-command Jules Crozet discover the Crozet Islands in the Indian Ocean.
1790 – The ship HMS Bounty is set on fire by mutineers.
1793 - Second Partition of Poland.
1812 – A strong earthquake hits New Madrid, Missouri.
1849 – Elizabeth Blackwell becomes the first female American doctor.
1855 - The first bridge crossing the Mississippi River opens in what is now Minneapolis, Minnesota. It is called the Hennepin Bridge.
1855 - At a magnitude estimated to have been 8.2, the Wairarapa earthquake strikes Wellington, New Zealand.
1870 - In Montana, US cavalrymen kill 173 Native Americans, mostly women and children, in the Marias massacre.
1879 - Anglo-Zulu War: The Battle of Rorke's Drift ends.
1896 - Wilhelm Röntgen discovers X-rays.
1899 – Emilio Aguinaldo becomes President of the Philippines.
1900 - Second Boer War: Battle of Spion Kop, South African forces defeat British forces.
1901 2000
1904 – The coastal town of Alesund in Norway is destroyed by fire.
1909 - An earthquake in Iran kills around 5,000 people.
1909 - The ship RMS Republic collides with the SS Florida off Massachusetts, sinking the next day, killing 6 people.
1912 - International Opium Convention is signed.
1913 - Enver Pasha takes over the Ottoman Empire in a military coup.
1920 - The Netherlands refuses to give ex-Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany to the Allies.
1937 - In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of taking part in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime.
1942 – World War II: Rabaul on the Papua New Guinea island of New Britain is captured by Japanese forces.
1943 – World War II: British forces capture Tripoli, Libya.
1943 – Duke Ellington plays at Carnegie Hall in New York for the first time.
1950 – The Knesset (Israeli parliament) passes a resolution making Jerusalem the capital of Israel.
1957 - On his 37th birthday, American inventor Walter Frederick Morrison sells the rights of his "Flying disc" to the Wham-O toy company, who later rename it Frisbee.
1958 – In Venezuela, Marcos Perez Jimenez is deposed in a two-day strike.
1960 – The Bathyscaphe Trieste, with Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh on board, sets a new depth record by travelling 10,911 metres in the Pacific Ocean, at the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench.
1963 - The Guinea-Bissau War of Independence starts.
1967 - The Soviet Union and the Ivory Coast start diplomatic relations with each other.
1973 – A volcanic eruption hits the South Icelandic island of Heimaey.
1973 – Richard Nixon announces a peace accord with Vietnam.
1986 - The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame gets its first members - Little Richard, Chuck Berry, James Brown, Ray Charles, Fats Domino, the Everly Brothers, Buddy Holly, Jerry Lee Lewis and Elvis Presley.
1996 - Waltraud Klasnic becomes Premier of Styria, making her the first woman to get this role in an Austrian state.
1997 – Madeleine Albright becomes the first female United States Secretary of State.
2000 - The remains of the Star Dust airplane, which disappeared over the Chilean Andes over 50 years earlier, are found. The plane is known for the mysterious final message it sent.
From 2001
2002 – The reporter Daniel Pearl is kidnapped in Pakistan.
2002 - "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh returns to the United States in FBI custody.
2003 - Final communication with the Pioneer 12 spacecraft.
2005 - Viktor Yushchenko becomes President of Ukraine.
2006 – Stephen Harper is elected Prime Minister of Canada.
2009 – A stabbing attack occurs at a nursery in Dendermonde, Belgium.
2012 - The EU adopts an embargo against Iran over its uranium enrichment.
2015 - King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia dies aged 90, having reigned since August 2005. The crown passes to his 79-year-old half-brother, Salman of Saudi Arabia.
2016 - Major snowstorm hits the Northeastern United States. It set records for New York City.
Births
Up to 1900
1350 - Vincent Ferrer, Spanish missionary and saint (d. 1419)
1688 – Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden (d. 1741)
1719 - John Landen, English mathematician (d. 1790)
1737 – John Hancock, American statesman (d. 1793)
1745 – William Jessop, canal engineer (d. 1814)
1752 – Muzio Clementi, Italian composer (d. 1832)
1783 – Stendhal, French writer (d. 1842)
1786 – Auguste de Montferrand, French architect (d. 1858)
1813 – Camilla Collett, Norwegian writer (d. 1895)
1828 – Saigo Takamori, Japanese samurai (d. 1877)
1832 – Edouard Manet, French artist (d. 1883)
1840 – Ernst Abbe, German physicist (d. 1905)
1846 - Hermann Clemenz, Estonian chess player (d. 1908)
1855 - John Browning, American inventor (d. 1926)
1857 – Andrija Mohorovičić, Croatian seismologist (d. 1936)
1862 – David Hilbert, German mathematician (d. 1943)
1870 – William G. Morgan, American sportsman, inventor of volleyball (d. 1942)
1872 – Goce Delchev, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1903)
1872 – Joze Plečnik, architect (d. 1957)
1876 – Otto Diels, German chemist (d. 1954)
1876 - Rupert Mayer, German Resistance activist (d. 1945)
1878 – Oton Župančič, Slovenian poet (d. 1949)
1881 - Luisa Casati, Italian model (d. 1957)
1884 – Ralph DePalma, race car driver (d. 1956)
1888 – Lead Belly, American musician (d. 1949)
1894 - Jyotirmoyee Devi, Indian writer (d. 1988)
1896 - Alf Hall, South African cricketer (d. 1964)
1896 – Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1985)
1897 – Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, architect (d. 2000)
1897 – Subhas Chandra Bose, Indian political activist (d. 1948)
1897 - William Stephenson, Canadian captain and spy (d. 1989)
1898 – Sergei Eisenstein, Russian movie director (d. 1948)
1898 – Randolph Scott, American actor (d. 1987)
1901 1950
1903 – Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Colombian politician (d. 1948)
1907 – Dan Duryea, actor (d. 1968)
1907 – Hideki Yukawa, Japanese physicist (d. 1981)
1910 – Django Reinhardt, Belgian guitarist (d. 1953)
1913 - Jean-Michel Atlan, French philosopher and painter (d. 1960)
1913 - Wally Parks, American racing executive (d. 2007)
1915 – W. Arthur Lewis, Saint Lucian-British economist (d. 1991)
1915 – Potter Stewart, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court (d. 1985)
1916 - David Douglas Duncan, American photographer and war reporter
1918 – Gertrude B. Elion, American scientist (d. 1999)
1919 - Frances Bay, Canadian-American actress (d. 2011)
1919 – Hans Hass, Austrian zoologist and underwater scientist (d. 2013)
1919 – Ernie Kovacs, American comedian (d. 1962)
1919 – Bob Paisley, English footballer and manager (d. 1996)
1920 – Walter Frederick Morrison, American inventor (d. 2010)
1920 - Ray Abrams, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1992)
1920 - Henry Eriksson, Swedish runner (d. 2000)
1923 – Walter M. Miller Jr., American science fiction writer (d. 1996)
1924 - Frank Lautenberg, American politician and United States Senator for New Jersey (d. 2013)
1926 - Bal Thackeray, Indian politician (d. 2012)
1927 - Lars-Eric Lindblad, Swedish-American entrepreneur and explorer (d. 1994)
1928 – Chico Carrasquel, the first Latin American player to appear in a Major League Baseball All-Star Game (d. 2005)
1928 – Jeanne Moreau, French actress (d. 2017)
1929 - John Polanyi, German-born Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize winner
1930 – Derek Walcott, West Indies writer, Nobel Prize winner (d. 2017)
1930 - William R. Pogue, American astronaut (d. 2014)
1930 - Filaret, Patriarch of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church
1930 - Mervyn Rose, Australian tennis player (d. 2017)
1933 - Bill Hayden, 21st Governor-General of Australia
1933 – Chita Rivera, actress, dancer
1936 - Brian Howe, Australian politician
1936 – Jerry Kramer, American football player
1938 – Shohei Baba, professional wrestler, founder of All-Japan Pro Wrestling (d. 1999)
1938 – Georg Baselitz, German painter and sculptor
1939 – Sonny Chiba, Japanese actor
1939 – Arlene Golonka, American actress
1940 – Johnny Russell, American country music singer-songwriter (d. 2001)
1940 - Alan Cheuse, American writer and critic (d. 2015)
1941 - Joao Ubaldo Ribeiro, Brazilian journalist, author and academic (d. 2014)
1942 - Razzak, Bangladeshi actor and director
1943 – Gil Gerard, actor
1943 - Gary Burton, American jazz musician
1944 - Sergei Belov, Russian basketball player (d. 2013)
1944 – Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor
1945 - Richard Dearlove, former Head of MI6
1945 - Mike Harris, 22nd Premier of Ontario
1946 – Boris Berezovsky, Russian businessman (d. 2013)
1946 - Arnoldo Aleman, former President of Nicaragua
1947 – Megawati Sukarnoputri, 5th President of Indonesia
1947 - Tom Carper, 71st Governor of Delaware
1948 – Anita Pointer, American singer
1950 – Richard Dean Anderson, American actor
1950 – Danny Federici, American musician (Bruce Springsteen and the E-Street Band) (d. 2008)
1950 - John Greaves, English musician
1950 - Luis Alberto Spinetta, Argentine musician (d. 2012)
1951 1975
1951 - David Patrick Kelly, American actor and musician
1951 – Chesley Sullenberger, American pilot
1952 - Omar Henry, South African cricketer
1953 - Robin Zander, American singer
1953 - Pavlo Lazarenko, Ukrainian politician
1953 - Alister McGrath, Northern Irish priest and academic
1953 – Antonio Villaraigosa, former Mayor of Los Angeles, California
1954 – Franco De Vita, singer/songwriter
1954 - Richard Finch, American bassist (KC & the Sunshine Band)
1957 – Princess Caroline of Monaco
1960 - Patrick de Gayardon, French skydiver and skysurfing pioneer (d. 1998)
1960 - Max Keiser, German journalist and filmmaker
1961 - Yelena Sinchukova, Russian long jumper
1962 - David Arnold, British movie score composer
1963 – Gail O'Grady, actress
1964 – Mariska Hargitay, American actress
1964 – Bharrat Jagdeo, former President of Guyana
1964 - Mario Roberge, Canadian ice hockey player
1966 - Oleg Sakirkin, Kazakhstani triple jumper
1967 – Naim Süleymanoğlu, Bulgaria-born Turkish weightlifter
1968 – Petr Korda, Czech tennis player
1969 - Ariadna Gil, Spanish actress
1970 – Moreno Torricelli, Italian footballer
1970 - Oleg Ovsyannikov, Russian ice dancer
1970 - Ewen Bremner, Scottish actor
1972 – Lisa Snowdon, English actress and model
1973 - Dee Caffari, English sailor
1973 - Youddiph, Russian singer
1974 – Sampsa Astala, Finnish musician (Lordi)
1974 – Tiffani Thiessen, American actress
From 1976
1976 - Tony Lucca, American singer-songwriter, producer and actor
1979 – Larry Hughes, American basketball player
1979 - Dawn Porter, British television presenter
1981 - Julia Jones, American actress
1981 – Rob Friend, Canadian footballer
1982 - Patrick Levis, American actor
1984 – Arjen Robben, Dutch footballer
1985 – Dong Fangzhuo, Chinese footballer
1985 – Doutzen Kroes, Dutch model
1986 – José Enrique Sanchez, Spanish footballer
1986 – Steven Taylor, English footballer
1986 - Pablo Andujar, Spanish tennis player
1989 - April Pearson, British actress
1990 - Artjom Abramov, Estonian ice hockey player
1996 - Chachi Gonzales, American dancer
Deaths
Up to 1900
440 - Hanzei, Emperor of Japan
1002 – Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 980)
1199 – Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur (b. 1160)
1516 - King Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1452)
1548 - Bernardo Pisano, Italian composer (b. 1490)
1549 - Johannes Honter, Transylvanian Saxon humanist and theologian (b. 1498)
1567 - Jiajing, Emperor of China
1570 – James Stewart, Earl of Moray, Regent of Scotland
1622 - William Baffin, English explorer and navigator
1744 - Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher and historian (b. 1668)
1789 – John Cleland, novelist (b. 1709)
1800 – Edward Rutledge, U.S. statesman (b. 1749)
1803 - Arthur Guinness, Irish brewer (b. 1752)
1805 – Claude Chappe, French telecommunications pioneer (b. 1763)
1806 – William Pitt the Younger, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1759)
1810 – Johann Wilhelm Ritter, German chemist and physicist (b. 1776)
1820 – Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (b. 1767)
1837 – John Field, Irish composer (b. 1782)
1875 – Charles Kingsley English writer (b. 1819)
1883 – Gustave Doré, French artist, engraver, and illustrator (b. 1832)
1893 – Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, United States Supreme Court (b. 1825)
1894 - Lebengula, King of Matabeleland (in what is now Zimbabwe) (b. 1833)
1901 2000
1921 - Mykola Leontovych, Ukrainian composer (b. 1877)
1922 - Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor (b. 1855)
1923 – Max Nordau, Austrian writer, philosopher, and Zionist leader (b. 1849)
1931 – Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (b. 1881)
1937 – Marie Prevost, French actress (b. 1898)
1939 - Matthias Sindelar, Austrian footballer (b. 1903)
1943 – Alexander Woollcott, actor, writer, and bon vivant (b. 1887)
1944 – Edvard Munch, Norwegian painter (b. 1863)
1944 - Viktor Gusev, Russian poet (b. 1899)
1956 – Alexander Korda, Hungarian director (b. 1893)
1971 - Fritz Feigl, Austrian-Brazilian chemist and academic (b. 1871)
1973 – Kid Ory, jazz trombonist (b. 1886)
1976 – Paul Robeson, actor, singer, social activist (b. 1898)
1976 – Paul Dupuis, French-Canadian movie and television actor (b. 1913)
1978 – Jack Oakie, actor (b. 1903)
1978 – Terry Kath, musician (Chicago) (b. 1946)
1980 - Giovanni Michelotti, Italian sports car designer (b. 1921)
1981 – Samuel Barber, American composer (b. 1910)
1983 – Fred Bakewell, English cricketer (b. 1908)
1986 – Joseph Beuys, German sculptor and performance artist (b. 1921)
1989 – Salvador Dalí, Catalan artist (b. 1904)
1990 – Allen Collins, American musician (b. 1952)
1991 – Northrop Frye, literary critic (b. 1912)
1992 – Freddie Bartholomew, actor (b. 1924)
1993 – Thomas Dorsey, gospel music singer (b. 1899)
1994 – Brian Redhead, journalist and broadcaster (b. 1929)
1994 – Nikolai Ogarkov, Russian marshal (b. 1917)
1997 – Richard Berry, American composer, musician (b. 1935)
1999 - Joe D'Amato, Italian director and cinematographer (b. 1936)
1999 - Jay Pritzker, American businessman (b. 1922)
From 2001
2002 – Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist (b. 1930)
2002 – Robert Nozick, philosopher (b. 1938)
2003 – Nell Carter, singer, actress (b. 1948)
2004 – Bob Keeshan, actor (b. 1927)
2004 – Helmut Newton, German-Australian photographer (b. 1920)
2005 – Johnny Carson, American television personality (b. 1925)
2005 – Morys George Lyndhurst Bruce, 4th Baron Aberdare, British politician (b. 1921)
2007 – Ryszard Kapuscinski, Polish journalist and writer (b. 1932)
2009 - Robert W. Scott, American politician and former Governor of South Carolina (b. 1929)
2010 – Earl Wild, American pianist (b. 1915)
2011 – Jack LaLanne, American fitness and nutrition expert (b. 1914)
2013 - Jozef Glemp, Polish cardinal (b. 1929)
2013 - Janice Knickrehm, American actress (b. 1925)
2014 - Riz Ortolani, Italian composer (b. 1926)
2015 - King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia (b. 1924)
2015 - Ernie Banks, American baseball player (b. 1931)
2015 - Prosper Ego, Dutch activist (b. 1927)
2015 - Nol Heijerman, Dutch footballer (b. 1940)
2015 - Barrie Ingham, English actor (b. 1934)
2015 - Pedro Lemebel, Chilean writer (b. 1952)
2015 - Nick Koback, American baseball player (b. 1935)
2016 - A. C. Jose, Indian politician (b. 1937)
2016 - Barry Brickell, New Zealand ceramic artist (b. 1935)
2016 - Elisabeta Polihroniade, Romanian chess player (b. 1935)
2016 - Bobby Wanzer, American basketball player (b. 1921)
2017 - Dmytro Grabovskyy, Ukrainian-Israeli bicycle racer (b. 1985)
2017 - Gorden Kaye, English actor (b. 1941)
2017 - Ruth Samuelson, American politician (b. 1959)
2017 - Andrew Telegdi, Hungarian-Canadian politician (b. 1946)
2017 - Bimba Bosé, Italian-born Spanish model, designer and actress (b. 1975)
2017 - Ralph Guglielmi, American football player (b. 1933)
2017 - Erland Kolding Nielsen, Danish academic (b. 1947)
2017 - Leslie Koo, Taiwanese business executive (b. 1954)
2018 - Hugh Masekela, South African jazz trumpeter (b. 1939)
2018 - Nicanor Parra, Chilean poet (b. 1914)
2018 - Wyatt Tee Walker, American civil rights activist (b. 1928)
2018 - Lari White, American country singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1965)
2021 - Hal Holbrook, American actor (b. 1925)
Observances
National Pie Day (United States)
Bounty Day (Pitcairn Island)
Days of the year |
9740 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bali | Bali | Bali () is an island and a province in Indonesia. The province includes the island of Bali and a few other islands. About 4,300,00 people live in Bali. Bali's most important city is Denpasar. Hinduism is Bali's largest religion. More than 90% of its people are Hindus. Textiles and garments are 45% of their exports. The currency in Bali is the Indonesian rupiah (IDR). The literacy rate for Bali is 45.55%.
Tourism
Bali is a popular place for tourists. They have many historic temples and rice fields. Bali has great views and beautiful beaches and volcanoes. Hindu ceremonies, shadow puppet shows, and traditional dance are also very popular.
Sekumpul Waterfall: This Balinese waterfall is in north of Bali.
Tegallang Rice Terrace: These rice paddies are near Ubud.
Pura Luhur Uluwatu Temple: This temple is on the deep cliff on the Indian Ocean coast.
Kuta Beach: Kuta is one of the most popular beaches in Bali.
Geography
Bali is a volcanic island. The two main volcanos are Mount Agung and Mount Batur. Mount Agung is sacred to the Balinese people.
Mount Agung is an active volcano, with a deep, large crater. Sometimes smoke and ash comes out of the crater. The last major eruptions occurred in November 2017.
References |
9741 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag%20of%20the%20People%27s%20Republic%20of%20China | Flag of the People's Republic of China | The Flag of China has one big star and four small stars on a red background. The big star stands for the communist government, and the four small stars stand for the workers, peasants, middle-class citizens and soldiers. The red background stands for the blood lost while the history of China was made.
China
People's Republic of China |
9743 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Prince | The Prince | The Prince is a book written by Niccolò Machiavelli, who lived in the city of Florence in the country of Italy. The book was published in 1513.
The book talks about politics and government. During his life, Machiavelli saw many changes in the government of Florence. He thought a lot about what a king or prince should do to make a strong government. In the book, he said the ruler had to get a lot of power.
One of the things he said that made people worried, was that ethics and politics are different. A person might have to do things that are wrong to get power. This thought made his works scandalous.
Some people think that Machiavelli was being honest with his advice and saying what he really thought. Other people think that Machiavelli was playing a joke on princes who wanted too much power and did not care about what was right.
Other websites
Il Principe (HTML e-book)
The Prince Book Read the book online or download for free. Suitable for e-readers
Works of philosophy |
9744 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round | Round | Round or rounds may refer to:
Mathematics and science
The contour of a closed curve or surface with no sharp corners, such as an ellipse, circle, rounded rectangle, or sphere
Rounding, the shortening of a number to reduce the number of significant figures it contains
Round number, a number that ends with one or more zeroes
Roundness (geology), the smoothness of clastic particles
Music
Round (music), a type of musical composition
Rounds (album), a 2003 album by Four Tet
Places
Round Point, a point on the north coast of King George Island, South Shetland Islands
Grand Rounds Scenic Byway, a parkway system in Minneapolis
Rounds Mountain, a peak in the Taconic Mountains, United States
Round Mountain (disambiguation), several places
Repeated activities
Round (boxing), a time period within a boxing match
Grand rounds, a ritual in medical education and inpatient care
Round of drinks, a traditional method of paying in a drinking establishment
Funding round, a discrete round of investment in a business
Doing the rounds or patrol, moving through an area at regular intervals
Round (Theosophy), a planetary cycle of reincarnation in Theosophy
Other
Round (surname)
Rounds (surname)
Roundedness, rounding of lips when pronouncing vowels
Labialization, rounding of lips when pronouncing consonants
Round shot
Cartridge (firearms), a single unit of ammunition
Round steak, a cut of meat
Related pages
Basic English 850 words |
9747 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/512 | 512 |
Events
Roman (Byzantine) Emperor Anastasius I ends a period of moderate ecclestical policy, and starts strongly favoring his own monophysitist beliefs.
Flavian II, Patriarch of Antioch, is deposed and replaced with Severus.
The island nation of Usan-guk is conquered by the Korean Silla Dynasty general Lee Sabu.
Earliest known dated text in the Arabic alphabet, at Zebed in Syria
Births
Saint David |
9750 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%209 | February 9 |
Events
Up to 1900
474 - Zeno crowned as co-Emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
1555 - Bishop of Gloucester John Hooper is burned at the stake.
1621 – Gregory XV becomes Pope.
1775 - American Revolutionary War: The British Parliament declares Massachusetts to be in rebellion.
1788 - The Habsburg Empire joins the Russo-Turkish War on the Russian side.
1796 – Jiaqing takes over from Qianlong as Emperor of China.
1825 – After an indecisive election, the United States House of Representatives declares John Quincy Adams as President of the United States.
1839 - In the Southern Ocean, British whaling captain John Balleny discovers Sturge Island, part of the group of islands now known as the Balleny Islands. His companion Thomas Freeman sets foot on the island.
1849 - The New Roman Republic is created.
1861 – Jefferson Davis is chosen to become President of the Confederate States of America.
1870 - US President Ulysses S. Grant signs a joint resolution of Congress, creating the US Weather Bureau.
1889 - US President Grover Cleveland signs a bill elevating the United States Department of Agriculture to a cabinet-level agency.
1895 - William G. Morgan creates a game called Mintonette, which later becomes better known as Volleyball.
1900 – Dwight Filley Davis founds the Davis Cup tennis tournament, which has been named after him.
1901 2000
1904 - Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of Port Arthur ends.
1913 - A group of meteors can be seen in the Eastern parts of North America and South America.
1920 - Under the Svalbard Treaty, Norway's governing of the Svalbard archipelago is recognized.
1922 – Brazil joins the Berne Convention Copyright Treaty.
1934 - The Balkan Entente is formed.
1942 – Year-round Daylight Saving Time is re-introduced in the United States.
1943 – World War II: The Allies declare the island of Guadalcanal secure after Imperial Japan evacuates its remaining forces.
1945 - World War II: Battle of the Atlantic - HMS Venturer sinks U-864 off the coast of Fedie, Norway in a rare instance of submarine-to-submarine combat.
1945 - World War II: A force of Allied aircraft unsuccessfully attack a German destroyer in Fordefjorden, Norway.
1950 – Joseph McCarthy accuses the United States State Department of being filled with Communists.
1951 - Korean War: Geochang massacre.
1959 - R-7 Semyorka, the first intercontinental ballistic missile, becomes operational in Plesetsk, northern Russia, Soviet Union.
1964 – The Beatles appear on the US TV show, the Ed Sullivan Show.
1964 – The Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria, end.
1965 – The first US combat troops are sent to Vietnam.
1969 – First test flight of a Boeing 747
1971 – Apollo 14 returns to Earth after the third human Moon landing.
1971 – A magnitude 6.6 earthquake strikes the San Fernando Valley in California, killing 65 people.
1975 – The Soviet Soyuz 17 spacecraft returns to Earth.
1983 – Prize-winning racehorse Shergar is kidnapped in Ireland and is never seen again.
1986 – Comet Halley passes through Perihelion. It will not do so again until 2061.
1991 – Lithuania votes for independence.
1995 – On the Space Shuttle, Bernard A. Harris, Jr. and Michael Foale become the first African American and first Briton respectively to perform a space walk.
1996 – The Irish Republican Army declares an end to its 18-month ceasefire and explodes a bomb in London's docklands.
From 2001
2001 - American submarine US Greenville accidentally strikes and sinks the Ehime-Maru, a Japanese training vessel operated by the Uwajima Fishery High School, killing 9 crew members.
2006 - The discovery of a tomb in the Valley of the Kings, Egypt, is announced.
2014 - In a referendum, slightly over half of voters in Switzerland support limiting immigration from the European Union.
2016 - Two trains collide near Bad Aibling, Bavaria, southern Germany, killing 12 people and injuring up to 100.
2018 - 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang of Republic of Korea (South Korea) begin.
Births
Up to 1900
1060 - Pope Honorius II (d. 1130)
1533 - Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese samurai (d. 1611)
1645 – Johann Aegidus Bach, German musician (d. 1716)
1711 - Luis Vicente de Velasco e Isla, Spanish sailor and naval commander (d. 1762)
1737 – Thomas Paine, English-born American intellectual, revolutionary and founding father of the United States (d. 1809)
1748 – Luther Martin, American patriot (d. 1826)
1751 – Antoine Bullant, Czech musician and opera composer (d. 1821)
1763 - Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Baden (d. 1830)
1769 - George W. Campbell, Scottish-born 5th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1848)
1773 – William Henry Harrison, 9th President of the United States (d. 1841)
1775 - Farkas Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1856)
1781 – Johann Baptist von Spix, German scientist (d. 1826)
1783 – Vasily Zhukovsky, Russian poet (d. 1852)
1789 - Franz Xaver Gabelsberger, German inventor of stenography (d. 1849)
1814 – Samuel J. Tilden, American politician (d. 1886)
1830 – Abd-ul Aziz, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1876)
1834 – Kamehameha IV, King of Hawaii (d. 1863)
1839 - Silas Adams, American lawyer and politician (d. 1896)
1843 - Nathan Goff, American lawyer and politician (d. 1920)
1846 – Wilhelm Maybach, German engineer and entrepreneur (d. 1929)
1853 - Leander Starr Jameson, British-born South African politician (d. 1917)
1856 - Hara Takashi, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1921)
1865 – Erich von Drygalski, German geographer, geophysicist and polar scientist (d. 1949)
1865 - Wilson Bentley, American photographer and scientist (d. 1931)
1879 - Jacques Bainville, French historian and journalist (d. 1936)
1880 - Lipot Fejer, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1989)
1883 - Jules Berry, French actor (d. 1951)
1885 - Alban Berg, Austrian composer (d. 1935)
1887 - Toivo Aro, Finnish diver (d. 1962)
1891 - Pietro Nenni, Italian politician (d. 1980)
1892 – Peggy Wood, American actress (d. 1978)
1893 – Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas, Greek lawyer and politician (d. 1987)
1895 – Hermann Brill, German politician (d. 1959)
1896 - Alberto Vargas, Peruvian painter (d. 1962)
1897 - Charles Kingsford Smith, Australian pilot (d. 1935)
1901 1950
1902 – Leon M'ba, 1st President of Gabon (d. 1967)
1907 - Truong Chinh, 4th President of Vietnam (d. 1988)
1909 – Robert Velter, French comic artist (d. 1991)
1909 – Carmen Miranda, Portuguese-Brazilian actress (d. 1955)
1909 – Dean Rusk, United States Secretary of State (d. 1994)
1910 – Jacques Monod, French biochemist (d. 1976)
1910 - Elbert N. Carvel, Governor of Delaware (d. 2005)
1912 - Futabayama Sadaji, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1968)
1912 - Ginette Leclerc, French actress (d. 1992)
1914 - Ernest Tubb, American singer (d. 1984)
1920 - Edward Joseph McManus, American politician and jurist (d. 2017)
1922 – Kathryn Grayson, American singer and actress (d. 2010)
1923 – Brendan Behan, Irish writer and activist (d. 1964)
1923 - Tonie Nathan, American political figure (d. 2014)
1925 – Burkhard Heim, German physicist (d. 2001)
1926 – Garret FitzGerald, Irish politician and Taoiseach (d. 2011)
1927 - David Wheeler, British computer scientist
1928 – Frank Frazetta, American artist (d. 2010)
1928 - Herman Pieter de Boer, Dutch writer, poet and journalist (d. 2014)
1928 – Rinus Michels, Dutch footballer and coach (d. 2005)
1928 - Roger Mudd, American journalist
1929 - A. R. Antulay, Indian politician, 8th Chief Minister of Maharashtra (d. 2014)
1931 - Josef Masopust, Czech footballer (d. 2015)
1931 - Thomas Bernhard, Austrian playwright and novelist (d. 1989)
1932 – Gerhard Richter, German artist
1932 - Tatsuro Hirooka, Japanese baseball player and manager
1933 - Arthur A. Neu, American politician (d. 2015)
1936 – Clive Swift, British actor
1936 – Stompin' Tom Connors, Canadian country music singer (d. 2013)
1937 – Hildegard Behrens, German operatic soprano (d. 2009)
1939 – Janet Suzman, South African actress
1940 – J. M. Coetzee, South African-born Australian Nobel Prize-winning writer
1940 – Brian Bennett, British musician (The Shadows)
1940 - Enrique Olivera, Argentine politician (d. 2014)
1941 - Sheila Kuehl, American actress, activist and politician
1942 – Carole King, American singer
1943 - Ryland Davies, Welsh operatic tenor
1943 – Joe Pesci, American actor
1943 – Joseph E. Stiglitz, American economist
1944 - Alice Walker, American writer
1945 – Mia Farrow, American actress
1945 - Yoshinori Ohsumi, Japanese cell biologist
1946 - Jim Webb, United States Senator from Virginia
1947 – Carla Del Ponte, Swiss UN prosecutor
1948 - David Hayman, Scottish actor
1948 - Guy Standing, English economist
1949 – Judith Light, American actress
1949 - Bernard Gallacher, Scottish golfer
1950 - James Luna, American performance artist (d. 2018)
1951 1975
1951 - Jay Inslee, 23rd Governor of Washington
1953 – Ciaran Hinds, Northern Irish actor
1954 - Mary Jo Duffy, American comic book writer and editor
1955 - Charles Shaughnessy, British actor
1957 - Terry McAuliffe, 72nd Governor of Virginia
1957 - Ruy Ramos, Brazilian-Japanese footballer
1957 – Gordon Strachan, Scottish footballer and manager
1958 – Sandy Lyle, Scottish golfer
1958 - Cyrille Regis, English footballer (d. 2018)
1959 – Ali Bongo Ondimba, 3rd President of Gabon
1960 – Holly Johnson, English singer (Frankie Goes to Hollywood)
1960 - Peggy Whitson, American biochemist and astronaut
1961 – Jussi Lampi, Finnish musician and actor
1963 – Brian Greene, American physicist
1963 - Travis Titt, American singer-songwriter and producer
1965 - Dieter Baumann, German athlete
1965 - Christian Schenk, German athlete
1965 - Igor Malkov, Russian speed skater
1965 - Julie Warner, American actress
1966 - Ellen van Langen, Dutch athlete
1966 - Harald Eia, Norwegian actor and comedian
1968 - Alejandra Guzman, Mexican singer and actress
1970 – Glenn McGrath, Australian cricketer
1971 – Johan Mjallby, Swedish footballer
1972 – Darren Ferguson, Scottish footballer
1973 - Makoto Shinkai, Japanese director, writer, artist and graphic designer
1974 - Amber Valletta, American model and actress
1974 - Jordi Cruyff, Dutch footballer
1974 - Erra Frazira, Malaysian actress and singer
From 1976
1978 - A. J. Buckley, Irish-Canadian actor, director and screenwriter
1979 – Zhang Ziyi, Chinese actress
1979 - Akinora Iwamura, Japanese baseball player
1979 – David Gray, British snooker player
1980 – Angelos Charisteas, Greek footballer
1981 – John Walker Lindh, American Taliban fighter
1981 – The Rev, American musician (Avenged Sevenfold) (d. 2009)
1981 - Tom Hiddleston, English actor
1982 – Ami Suzuki, Japanese singer
1984 - Han Geng, Chinese singer, actor and dancer
1985 - David Gallagher, American actor
1986 – Princess Rajyah bint Al Hussein of Jordan
1986 - Stina Lykke Petersen, Danish footballer
1987 – Magdalena Neuner, German biathlete
1987 - Rose Leslie, Scottish actress
1987 - Michael B. Jordan, American actor
1988 – Lotte Friis, Danish swimmer
1989 – Shunta Takahashi, Japanese footballer
1989 - Gia Farrell, American singer
1990 – Camille Winbush, American actress
1992 - Avan Jogia, Canadian actor, singer and dancer
1993 - Parimarjan Negi, Indian chess player
1993 - Wataru Endo, Japanese footballer
1996 - Jimmy Bennett, American actor and singer
1996 - Kelli Berglund, American actress
2001 - Erraid Davies, Scottish swimmer
Deaths
Up to 1900
967 - Sayf al-Dawla, Emir of Aleppo (b. 916)
1011 - Bernard I, Duke of Savoy
1199 – Minamoto no Yoritomo, Japanese shogun (b. 1147)
1450 - Agnes Sorel, mistress to Charles VIII of France (b. 1421)
1555 - John Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester
1619 - Lucilio Vanini, Italian philosopher (b. 1585)
1675 - Gerhard Douw, Dutch painter (b. 1613)
1751 – Henri Francois d'Agesseau, Chancellor of France (b. 1668)
1777 - Seth Pomeroy, American gunsmith and soldier (b. 1706)
1782 – Johann Aloysius Assemani, Lebanese orientalist (b. 1710)
1803 – Jean François de Saint-Lambert, French poet (b. 1716)
1857 – Dionysios Solomos, Greek poet (b. 1798)
1881 – Fyodor Dostoevsky, Russian novelist (b. 1821)
1889 – Peter Lalor, leader of the miners at the Eureka Stockade, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia (b. 1827)
1891 - Johan Barthold Jongkind, Dutch painter (b. 1819)
1894 - Maxime Du Camp, French writer (b. 1822)
1901 2000
1905 - Adolph Menzel, German painter (b. 1815)
1906 - Paul Laurence Dunbar, American poet (b. 1872)
1930 – Richard With, Norwegian businessman (b. 1846)
1936 - Caroline Furness, American astronomer (b. 1869)
1936 - Jacques Bainville, French historian and journalist (b. 1879)
1942 - Lauri Kristian Relander, 2nd President of Finland (b. 1883)
1948 - Karl Valentin, German comedian, writer and movie producer (b. 1882)
1957 – Miklos Horthy, Hungarian admiral (b. 1868)
1960 – Erno Dohnanyi, Hungarian composer (b. 1877)
1964 - Ary Barroso, Brazilian composer and singer (b. 1903)
1966 - Sophie Tucker, Russian-American actress and singer (b. 1884)
1973 - Max Yasgur, American farmer, owned the site of the Woodstock Festival (b. 1919)
1975 - Pierre Dac, French activist (b. 1893)
1977 - Alia al-Hussein, Queen Consort of Jordan (b. 1948)
1977 – Sergey Ilyushin, Russian aircraft designer (b. 1894)
1979 – Dennis Gabor, Hungarian-born British physicist (b. 1900)
1981 – Bill Haley, American musician (Bill Haley & His Comets) (b. 1925)
1984 – Yuri Andropov, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1914)
1989 - Osamu Tezuka, Japanese manga artist (b. 1928)
1991 - Daigoro Kondo, Japanese footballer (b. 1907)
1994 – Howard Martin Temin, American geneticist (b. 1934)
1997 - Barry Evans, British actor (b. 1943)
1998 - Maurice Schumann, French politician (b. 1911)
From 2001
2001 – Herbert Simon, American economist (b. 1916)
2002 – Princess Margaret of the United Kingdom (b. 1930)
2002 - Vicente Sardinero, Spanish baritone (b. 1937)
2005 - Robert Kearns, American engineer (b. 1927)
2007 – Ian Richardson, Scottish actor (b. 1934)
2007 - Alejandro Finisterre, Spanish inventor of table football (b. 1919)
2009 – Eluana Englaro, Italian patient in right-to-die case (b. 1970)
2010 – Walter Frederick Morrison, American inventor (b. 1920)
2014 - Marius, giraffe controversially put to sleep at Copenhagen Zoo (b. 2012)
2014 - Gabriel Axel, Danish movie director and actor (b. 1918)
2014 - Ranjit Bhatia, Indian runner (b. 1936)
2014 - Serafin R. Cuevas, Filipino lawyer (b. 1928)
2015 - Jorge Sassi, Argentine actor (b. 1950)
2016 - Sushil Koirala, 37th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1939)
2016 - André van den Heuvel, Dutch actor, director and singer (b. 1927)
2016 - Sibghattullah Mojaddedi, President of Afghanistan (b. 1926)
2017 - Serge Baguet, Belgian cyclist (b. 1969)
2017 - Packy, American-held elephant (b. 1962)
2017 - André Salvat, French colonel (b. 1920)
2017 - Radu Gabrea, Romanian film director and screenwriter (b. 1937)
2018 - Johann Johannsson, Icelandic film score composer (b. 1969)
2018 - Reg E. Cathey, American actor (b. 1958)
2018 - Jim Garrett, American football player (b. 1930)
2018 - Alfonso Lacadena, Spanish academic (b. 1964)
2018 - Craig MacGregor, American musician (b. 1949)
2018 - Liam Miller, Irish footballer (b. 1981)
2018 - Wally Moon, American baseball player (b. 1930)
2018 - Anne Treisman, English-American psychologist (b. 1935)
Holidays and Observances
St. Maroun's Day (Lebanon)
February 09 |
9779 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Russia | United Russia | United Russia (Russian: Единая Россия) is a Russian political party, which usually labels itself centrist and conservationist. Dmitry Medvedev is leader of this party.
The party has most of the seats in the State Duma and in the Regional Parliaments. Because of this, United Russia is the most powerful political party in Russia. Two large parties merged in 2001 to form United Russia.
Political parties in Russia |
9791 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/August%205 | August 5 |
Events
Up to 1900
25 - Gwangwu claims the throne as Emperor during political turmoil, restoring China's Han Dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin Dynasty.
642 – Battle of Maserfeld - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia.
910 - The last major Danish army to raid England is defeated at the Battle of Tettenhall by the allied forces of Mercia and Wessex.
1100 – Henry I is crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey.
1278 - The Siege of Algeciras ends in the context of the Spanish Reconquista, pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada. It ends in a victory for the Emirate of Granada.
1305 – William Wallace, who led Scottish resistance to England, was captured by the English near Glasgow and transported to London for trial and execution.
1388 - The Battle of Otterburn, a border conflict between Scotland and England, takes place.
1583 – Sir Humphrey Gilbert establishes first English colony in North America, at what is now St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.
1620 - The Mayflower sets sail from Southampton on its first attempt to reach North America.
1689 – 1,500 Iroquois attack village of Lachine, in New France.
1763 – Pontiac's War - Battle of Bushy Run - British forces led by Henry Bouquet defeat Chief Pontiac's Native Americans at Bushy Run.
1772 – First Partition of Poland begins.
1775 - Spanish seafarer Juan de Ayala cross the Golden Gate in San Francisco Bay, landing on the island of Isla de los Angeles.
1781 - The Battle of Dogger Bank takes place between British and Dutch forces.
1812 – War of 1812: Tecumseh's Native American force ambushes Thomas Van Horne's 200 Americans at Brownstone Creek, causing them to flee and retreat.
1824 - Greek War of Independence: Constantine Canaris leads a Greek fleet to victory against Ottoman and Egyptian ships in the Battle of Samos.
1858 – Cyrus West Field and others complete the first transatlantic telegraph cable after several unsuccessful attempts. It operated for less than a month.
1860 – Carl IV of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
1861 - The United States Army gets rid of flogging.
1861 – American Civil War: In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government issues the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 (3% of all incomes over US $800; rescinded in 1872).
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Baton Rouge - Along the Mississippi River near Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Confederate troops drive Union forces back into the city.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Mobile Bay begins - At Mobile Bay near Mobile, Alabama, Admiral David Farragut leads a Union flotilla through Confederate defenses and seals one of the last major Southern ports.
1874 - Japan begins its postal savings system, modeled after a similar system in the United Kingdom.
1882 – Standard Oil of New Jersey is established.
1884 – The cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty is laid on Bedloe's Island in New York Harbor.
1888 – Bertha Benz makes the first long-distance car journey from Mannheim to Pforzheim in Germany.
1901 2000
1901 - Peter O'Connor sets a long jump world record of 7.61 meters. The record stands for almost 20 years, when Edward Gourdin jumps 7.69 meters on July 23, 1921.
1906 - Persian Constitutional Reform: Shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar agrees to end feudalism, and for the government to become a constitutional monarchy.
1914 – In Cleveland, Ohio, the first electric traffic light is installed.
1915 - World War I: German troops occupy Warsaw, Poland.
1925 - The Plaid Cymru political party is founded in Wales. One of its founding aims was to protect and promote the Welsh language, which was close to dying out at the time.
1926 - Harry Houdini performs his greatest feat, spending 91 minutes in a sealed tank, before escaping.
1936 - Jesse Owens wins gold in the 200-metre run at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin.
1940 - World War II: The Soviet Union formally annexes Latvia.
1941 - World War II: Battle of Smolensk - Germany captures 300,000 Soviet prisoners.
1944 – Holocaust: Polish insurgents liberate a German labor camp in Warsaw, freeing 348 Jewish prisoners.
1944 – At least 545 Japanese soldiers escape from a prisoner of war camp in Cowra, New South Wales.
1949 – In Ecuador an earthquake destroys 50 towns and kills more than 6000.
1949 - The Mann Gulch fire kills 13 firefighters in Montana.
1957 - The television program American Bandstand first appears on the ABC network.
1960 – Burkina Faso, then known as "Upper Volta", became independent from France
1962 – Movie actress and sex icon, Marilyn Monroe is found dead in her Los Angeles, California home after apparently overdosing on sleeping pills.
1962 - Nelson Mandela is jailed in South Africa.
1963 – United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union sign a nuclear test ban treaty.
1964 – Vietnam War: Operation Pierce Arrow - American aircraft from carriers USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation bomb North Vietnam in retaliation for strikes attacked US destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin.
1965 - The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 starts when Pakistani soldiers cross the Line of Control dressed as locals.
1969 – Mariner program: Mariner 7 makes its closest fly-by of Mars (3,524 kilometers).
1969 – Vietnam War: The U.S. Congress places a one billion dollar limit on 1974 military aid to South Vietnam.
1971 - The first Pacific Islands Forum is held in Wellington, New Zealand, to encourage countries in Oceania to work together.
1972 - In Uganda, people holding British passports are given two months to leave the country.
1973 - An Arab gunman opens fire in a passenger lounge at Athens International Airport, killing 3 people.
1981 – Ronald Reagan fires 11,359 striking air-traffic controllers who ignored his order for them to return to work.
1983 - IRA members are jailed for a total of 4,000 years.
1989 - The Sandinistas win a majority in Nicaragua's general election.
1995 – The city of Knin, a significant Serb stronghold, is captured by Croatian forces during Operation Storm.
From 2001
2003 – A car bomb explodes outside the Marriott Hotel in Jakarta, Indonesia, killing 12 people, and injuring around 150.
2009 - Mahmoud Ahmadinejad starts his second term as President of Iran.
2009 - The Spanish Wikipedia reaches the milestone of 500,000 articles.
2010 - The Copiapo mining accident occurs in Chile, trapping 33 miners underground. They are discovered to be alive two weeks later, and are successfully rescued in October, in a rescue that is followed around the world.
2011 - Yingluck Shinawatra becomes Prime Minister of Thailand.
2011 - The Juno space probe is launched to the planet Jupiter.
2013 - The first laboratory-grown hamburger is served and eaten in London.
2013 - Two boys are strangled to death by a rock python that escaped from a pet shop in New Brunswick, Eastern Canada.
2015 - A migrant boat capsizes off Sicily, with 200 people being rescued, and many feared drowned.
2015 - A piece of wreckage found on the Indian Ocean island of Réunion on July 29 is identified as belonging to Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, which went missing on March 8, 2014.
2016 - The opening ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro takes place. It is the first time that the Olympic Games are held in South America.
2017 - The United Nations Security Council, with all members' support, approves sanctions (punishments) against North Korea over its nuclear testing.
2018 - 5 August 2018 Lombok earthquake: An earthquake strikes the Indonesian island of Lombok, killing over 560 people.
2019 - The government of India removes Indian-administered Kashmir's special status with immediate effect.
Births
Up to 1900
1301 - Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, English politician (d. 1330)
1397 – Guillaume Dufay, Flemish composer (d. 1474)
1461 - Alexander Jagiellon, King of Poland (d. 1506)
1540 - Joseph Justus Scaliger, Dutch philologist (d. 1609)
1623 - Pietro Antonio Cesti, Italian composer (d. 1669)
1737 - Antonio Franconi, Italian impresario (d. 1836)
1737 - Johann Friedrich Struensee, German physician and minister in Denmark (d. 1772)
1742 - Jean-Baptiste Krumpholz, Czech composer and harpist (d. 1790)
1749 - Thomas Lynch, Jr., signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1779)
1758 - Emperor Go-Momozono of Japan (d. 1779)
1795 - Byron Diman, Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1865)
1797 - Friedrich August Kummer, German composer (d. 1879)
1802 – Niels Henrik Abel, Norwegian mathematician (d. 1829)
1811 - Ambroise Thomas, French composer (d. 1896)
1813 – Ivar Aasen, Norwegian poet and linguist (d. 1896)
1815 – Edward John Eyre, English explorer and colonial official (d. 1901)
1827 – Deodoro da Fonseca, first President of Brazil (d. 1892)
1828 – Louise of the Netherlands, Queen of Sweden and Norway (d. 1871)
1833 - Carola Vasa, consort of Albert of Saxony (d. 1907)
1843 - James Scott Skinner, Scottish violinist and composer (d. 1927)
1844 – Ilya Repin, Ukrainian painter (d. 1930)
1850 – Guy de Maupassant, French writer (d. 1893)
1862 – Joseph Merrick, British man, who through his deformities, was often referred to as the Elephant Man (d. 1890)
1866 - Harry Trott, Australian cricketer (d. 1917)
1868 - Oskar Merikanto, Finnish composer (d. 1924)
1869 - J. C. W. Beckham, American politician, Governor of Kentucky (d. 1940)
1872 - Oswaldo Cruz, Brazilian physician (d. 1917)
1872 - Thomas Wyllie, Scottish footballer (d. 1943)
1875 – Malin Craig, American general (d. 1945)
1877 - Tom Thomson, Canadian painter (d. 1917)
1880 - Hermann Lüdemann, German politician (d. 1959)
1889 - Conrad Aiken, American author and poet (d. 1973)
1890 – Naum Gabo, American sculptor and architect (d. 1977)
1890 – Erich Kleiber, Austrian conductor (d. 1956)
1897 - Aksel Larsen, Danish politician (d. 1972)
1900 - Rudolf Schottlaender, German philosopher, translator and classicist (d. 1988)
1901 1950
1905 - Artem Mikoyan, Soviet-Armenian aircraft designer (d. 1970)
1905 – Wassily Leontief, Russian-American economist (d. 1999)
1906 – John Huston, American director (d. 1987)
1906 – Joan Hickson, British actress (d. 1998)
1907 - Syd Ward, New Zealand cricketer (d. 2010)
1908 – Harold Holt, Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1967)
1908 – Miriam Rothschild, British conservationist (d. 2005)
1910 - Herminio Masantonio, Argentine footballer (d. 1956)
1915 - Hans Schnitger, Dutch field hockey player (d. 2013)
1918 - Kondapalli Koteswaramma, Indian Communist revolutionary and writer (d. 2018)
1919 - David Morgenthaler, American businessman (d. 2016)
1922 - L. Tom Perry, American religious leader (d. 2015)
1923 – Devan Nair, former President of Singapore (d. 2005)
1925 - Albert Eschenmoser, Swiss organic chemist
1926 - Per Wahlöö, Swedish writer (d. 1975)
1926 - Betsy Jolas, French composer
1926 - Clifford Husbands, former Governor-General of Barbados (d. 2017)
1928 - Carla Lane, English television writer (d. 2016)
1929 - Al Alvarez, English poet and writer (d. 2019)
1929 - Don Matheson, American actor (d. 2014)
1929 - Nathalia Timberg, Brazilian actress
1930 – Neil Armstrong, American pilot and astronaut, first person to walk on the Moon (d. 2012)
1930 - Richie Ginther, American racing driver (d. 1989)
1930 - Michal Kovac, Slovakian politician and former President (d. 2016)
1931 - Billy Bingham, Northern Irish footballer
1931 - Gita Dey, Indian actress (d. 2011)
1932 - Vladimir Fedoseyev, Russian conductor
1934 - Giovanni Anselmo, Italian artist
1934 - Cammie King, American actress (d. 2010)
1934 – Zakes Mokae, South African actor (d. 2009)
1935 - Michael Ballhaus, German cinematographer (d. 2017)
1935 - Wanda Ventham, British actress
1937 - Brian G. Marsden, British astronomer (d. 2010)
1937 - Herb Brooks, American ice hockey player and coach (d. 2003)
1937 - Manuel Pinta da Costa, President of Sao Tomé and Principe
1939 – Princess Irene of the Netherlands
1940 - Ally Shewan, Scottish footballer
1941 – Leonid Kizim, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2010)
1941 - Bob Clark, American movie producer and director (d. 2007)
1941 - Airto Moreira, Brazilian jazz drummer and percussionist
1943 - Leo Kinnunen, Finnish racing driver (d. 2017)
1943 - Andy Roxburgh, Scottish footballer and manager
1943 - Sammi Smith, American singer and songwriter (d. 2005)
1944 - Stellan Bojerud, Swedish politician (d. 2015)
1944 - Polycarp Pengo, Archbishop of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
1944 - Hans-Peter Uhl, German politician
1946 - Loni Anderson, American actress
1946 - Shirley Ann Jackson, American physicist
1946 - Xavier Trias, 118th Mayor of Barcelona
1946 - Reinhard Tritscher, German skier (d. 2019)
1947 - Angry Anderson, Australian actor and singer
1948 – Ray Clemence, English footballer
1948 - David Hungate, American bassist (Toto)
1948 - Carole Laure, Canadian actress and singer
1950 – Rosi Mittermaier, German skier
1951 1975
1952 - Louis Walsh, Irish music manager
1955 – John Whitaker, British equestrian showjumper
1955 - Eddie Ojeda, American guitarist
1956 - Christopher Chessun, English bishop
1956 - Jerry Ciccoritti, Canadian actor, director, producer and screenwriter
1956 - Maureen McCormack, American actress, author and recording artist
1959 - Pete Burns, English singer (d. 2016)
1959 – Pat Smear, American musician
1960 - David Baldacci, American writer
1960 - Gérard Onesta, French politician
1961 - Janet McTeer, English actress
1961 - Greg Kite, American basketball player
1962 – Patrick Ewing, American basketball player
1963 - Doris Schröder-Köpf, German author and politician
1963 - Mark Strong, English actor
1963 - Brian Sandoval, American politician, 30th Governor of Nevada
1964 - Adam Yauch, American singer and musician (Beastie Boys) (d. 2012)
1964 - Dougie Arnott, Scottish footballer
1965 - Motoi Sakuraba, Japanese composer
1965 - Jean-Marc Morandini, French television host
1966 - Jonathan Silverman, American actor
1966 - Senarath Attanayake, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician (d. 2017)
1967 - Kazunori Yamauchi, Japanese Vice president of Sony Computer Entertainment
1968 – Terri Clark, Canadian country music singer
1968 - Katrina Adams, American tennis player
1968 - Kendo Kashin, Japanese professional wrestler
1968 - Marine Le Pen, French politician
1968 – Oleh Luzhny, Ukrainian footballer
1968 – Colin McRae, Scottish rally driver (d. 2007)
1968 - Stephanie Flanders, English journalist, former BBC Economics editor
1968 - John Olerud, American baseball player
1969 - Jackie Doyle-Price, English politician
1969 - Venkatesh Prasad, Indian cricketer
1970 - James Gunn, American director, screenwriter, producer and actor
1970 - Leonid Stadnyk, Ukrainian claimant to world's tallest man title (d. 2014)
1971 – Valdis Dombrovskis, former Prime Minister of Latvia
1971 - Jared Hasselhoff, American musician (Bloodhound Gang)
1974 - Antoine Sibierski, French footballer
1974 - Julio César Enciso, Paraguayan footballer
1975 – Kajol, Indian actress
1975 - Eicca Toppinen, Finnish cellist (Apocalyptica)
From 1976
1976 - Jewel De'Nyle, American pornographic actress
1977 - Soraya Jiménez, Mexican weightlifter (d. 2013)
1977 - Santiago Pérez, Spanish cyclist
1977 - Hunico, Mexican-American professional wrestler
1978 – Kim Gevaert, Belgian athlete
1979 – David Healy, Northern Irish footballer
1980 – Wayne Bridge, English footballer
1980 – Jason Culina, Australian footballer
1980 - Salvador Cabañas, Paraguayan footballer
1980 - Morten Solem, Norwegian ski jumper
1980 - Sophie Winkleman, English actress
1981 – Carl Crawford, American baseball player
1981 – Erik Guay, Canadian skier
1981 - Cory Williams, American actor
1981 - Jesse Williams, American actor
1982 – LoLo Jones, American athlete
1982 - Michele Pazienza, Italian footballer
1982 - Ryu Seung-min, South Korean table tennis player
1983 - Dawn Richard, American singer
1983 - Kara Tointon, English actress
1984 - Helene Fischer, Russian-born German singer and television presenter
1985 – Salomon Kalou, footballer from Ivory Coast
1985 - Laurent Ciman, Belgian footballer
1987 - Lexi Belle, American pornographic actress
1987 - Genelia D'Souza, Indian actress
1988 – Federica Pellegrini, Italian swimmer
1988 - Michael Jamieson, Scottish swimmer
1989 - Ryan Bertrand, English footballer
1991 - Esteban Gutiérrez, Mexican Formula One racing driver
1991 - Andreas Weimann, Austrian footballer
1992 - Tray Walker, American football player (d. 2016)
1993 - Sverrir Ingi Ingason, Icelandic footballer
1995 - Kylian Hazard, Belgian footballer
1997 - Olivia Holt, American actress
1997 - Adam Irigoyen, American actor
1998 - Kanon Suzuki, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
Deaths
Up to 1950
642 - Oswald of Northumbria (b. 604)
882 - King Louis III of France (b. 863)
1063 - Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, King of Gwynedd (b. 1007)
1364 - Emperor Kogon of Japan (b. 1313)
1579 - Stanislaus Hosius, Polish cardinal (b. 1504)
1633 - George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1562)
1729 - Thomas Newcomen, English engineer (b. 1664)
1792 – Frederick North, Lord North, Prime Minister of Great Britain (b. 1732).
1862 - Felix de Muelenaere, Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1793)
1868 - Jacques Boucher de Crevecoeur de Perthes, French archaeologist (b. 1788)
1877 - Gustav, Prince of Vasa, Swedish royal (b. 1799)
1880 - Ferdinand von Hebra, Austrian physician (b. 1816)
1888 - Philip Sheridan, American general (b. 1831)
1895 – Friedrich Engels, German thinker who wrote about Communism with Karl Marx (b. 1820).
1901 – Victoria, Princess Royal, British princess and Empress of Germany (b. 1840).
1911 - Bob Caruthers, American baseball player (b. 1864)
1921 - Dimitrios Rallis, Greek politician (b. 1844)
1929 – Millicent Fawcett, British suffragette (b. 1847)
1933 - Charles Harold Davis, American painter (b. 1856)
1940 - Frederick Cook, American physician and explorer, claimed to be first at the North Pole (b. 1865).
1943 - Liane Berkowitz, German resistance activist (b. 1923)
1944 - Maurice Turnbull, Welsh cricketer and rugby player (b. 1906)
1946 – Wilhelm Marx, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1863)
1951 2000
1955 – Carmen Miranda, Portuguese-Brazilian actress and singer (b. 1909)
1957 – Heinrich Wieland, German biochemist (b. 1877)
1959 - Edgar Guest, English-American poet (b. 1881)
1960 – Arthur Meighen, Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1874)
1961 - Sidney Holland, Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1893)
1962 – Marilyn Monroe, American actress (b. 1926)
1963 - Salvador Bacarisse, Spanish composer (b. 1898)
1964 - Art Ross, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1886)
1968 - Luther Perkins, American guitarist (b. 1928)
1978 - Jesse Haines, American baseball player (b. 1893)
1983 - Judy Canova, American actress (b. 1913)
1984 – Richard Burton, Welsh actor (b. 1925)
1991 – Soichiro Honda, Japanese businessman (b. 1906)
1992 – Robert Muldoon, Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1921)
1992 – Jeff Porcaro, American musician (b. 1954)
1998 – Todor Zhivkov, Bulgarian dictator (b. 1911)
1998 - Otto Kretschmer, German U-boat commander (b. 1912)
2000 - Artur Erikson, Swedish singer and preacher (b. 1918)
2000 – Alec Guinness, British actor (b. 1914)
From 2001
2001 - Duong Van Minh, South Vietnamese politician and general (b. 1916)
2001 - Otema Allimadi, Prime Minister of Uganda (b. 1929)
2002 - Josh Ryan Evans, American actor (b. 1982)
2006 – Susan Butcher, American dogsledder (b. 1954)
2007 - Jean-Marie Lustiger, French cardinal (b. 1926)
2009 – Budd Schulberg, American screenwriter (b. 1914)
2010 – Godfrey Binaisa, former President of Uganda (b. 1920)
2011 - Andrzej Lepper, Polish politician (b. 1954)
2011 - Francesco Quinn, American actor (b. 1963)
2012 - Chavela Vargas, Costa Rican-born Mexican singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1919)
2013 - George Duke, American keyboardist (b. 1946)
2014 - Marilyn Burns, American actress (b. 1949)
2014 - Scott Ciencin, American novelist (b. 1962)
2014 - Harold J. Greene, American general (b. 1959)
2014 - Chapman Pincher, English journalist (b. 1914)
2014 - Yoshiki Sasai, Japanese biologist (b. 1962)
2014 - Jesse Leonard Steinfeld, 11th Surgeon General of the United States (b. 1927)
2014 - Vladimir Orlov, Russian author (b. 1936)
2014 - Dmitri Anosov, Russian mathematician (b. 1936)
2014 - Elfriede Brüning, German writer (b. 1910)
2015 - George Cole, English actor (b. 1925)
2015 - Ellen Vogel, Dutch actress (b. 1922)
2016 - Alphons Egli, Swiss Federal Councillor (b. 1924)
2017 - Irina Berezhna, Ukrainian politician (b. 1980)
2017 - Bruno Canfora, Italian composer, conductor and jazz musician (b. 1929)
2017 - Dionigi Tettamanzi, Italian cardinal (b. 1934)
2017 - Mark White, American politician, 43rd Governor of Texas (b. 1940)
2017 - Ernst Zündel, German publisher and Holocaust denier (b. 1939)
2017 - Hélène Martini, French night club owner (b. 1924)
2017 - George Bundy Smith, American lawyer, civil rights activist and judge (b. 1937)
2018 - Barry Chuckle, English entertainer (b. 1944)
2018 - Robert Dugard, English speedway rider (b. 1942)
2018 - Ellen Joyce Loo, Canadian-Hong Kong singer-songwriter (b. 1986)
2018 - Alan Rabinowitz, American zoologist (b. 1953)
2018 - Charlotte Rae, American actress (b. 1926)
2018 - Piotr Szulkin, Polish film director (b. 1950)
2019 - Josef Kadraba, Czech footballer (b. 1933)
2019 - Bjorg Lambrecht, Belgian cyclist (b. 1997)
2019 - Asif Mohseni, Afghan religious leader (b. 1935)
2019 - Toni Morrison, American writer (b. 1931)
Observances
Independence Day (Burkina Faso)
Victory Day (Croatia)
International Beer Day
August 05 |
9793 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2017 | February 17 |
Events
Up to 1900
364 – Roman Emperor Jovian dies under suspicious circumstances, after a short reign of eight months.
1164 – A major flood on what is now Germany's North Sea coast, kills 20,000 people.
1370 – The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau.
1400 - The body of Richard II of England is put on display at the Old St. Paul's Cathedral in London.
1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned to death for heresy in Rome.
1621 - Myles Standish is appointed as the first commander of Plymouth Colony.
1753 – Sweden changes from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar. February 17 is followed by March 1.
1801 – The United States House of Representatives chooses Thomas Jefferson to become the next President of the United States.
1854 – The United Kingdom recognises the independent Orange Free State.
1863 - A group of citizens from Geneva founds the International Committee for Relief of the Wounded, which later becomes the International Red Cross.
1864 - American Civil War: The H. L. Hunley becomes the first submarine to engage and sink a warship, the USS Housatonic.
1865 - American Civil War: Union troops capture Columbia, South Carolina. As this state is particularly seen as responsible for starting the war, the city is virtually flattened.
1867 – Gyula Andrassy is declared Prime Minister of Hungary after the creation of the co-operative monarchy of Austria-Hungary.
1871 – The victorious Prussian Army parades through Paris after the end of the Siege of Paris in the Franco-Prussian War.
1900 - Wilhelm II of Germany declares the Western Samoan Islands a "German Protectorate".
1901 2000
1904 – Madame Butterfly premieres at La Scala opera house in Milan.
1913 - The Armory Art Show begin in New York City, showing works by artists who become influential later in the 20th century.
1917 – The French troop transporter Athos is sunk, killing 754 people.
1924 – Johnny Weissmuller sets a world record in the 100-metre freestyle swimming.
1933 – Newsweek magazine is published for the first time.
1944 – World War II: The Battle of Eniwetok Atoll begins, ending in an American victory over Japanese forces on February 22.
1949 - Chaim Weizmann becomes President of Israel.
1959 - Vanguard 2, the first weather satellite, is launched to measure cloud-cover distribution.
1962 - Parts of northern Germany are severely flooded in the night from February 16, causing 300 deaths in the city of Hamburg alone.
1964 - President of Gabon Leon M'ba is removed from office in a coup by his rival, Jean-Hilaire Aubame. M'ba is reinstated by France the next day.
1965 – Project Ranger: The Ranger 8 space probe is launched to the "Sea of Tranquility" on the Moon.
1968 – In Springfield, Massachusetts, the James Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame opens.
1972 – U.S. President Richard Nixon visits China.
1979 – The Sino-Vietnamese War begins.
1980 – Krzyzstof Wielicki and Leszek Clichy becomes the first people to reach the top of Mount Everest during the winter season.
1992 – American serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer is sentenced to life imprisonment.
1993 - The Neptune ferry sinks off Haiti. It is not known exactly how many people were killed, though it is thought to have been at least 1,500.
1995 – The Cenepa War between Peru and Ecuador is ended by a United Nations ceasefire.
1996 - An earthquake of magnitude 8.2 strikes Irian Jaya, the Indonesian part of the island of New Guinea, killing 166 people.
1996 – The NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft is launched to the asteroid 433 Eros.
1996 – After being defeated in a game of chess on February 10, Garry Kasparov wins a six-match series 4-2 against the computer Deep Blue.
1998 – Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict: Armenian troops kill between 70 and 90 Azerbaijani civilians in the village of Qaradagli.
From 2001
2003 – London's Congestion charging system begins.
2006 – A massive mudslide in Southern Leyte, Philippines, kills 1,126 people.
2008 – Kosovo declares independence from Serbia. However, Serbia does not recognise Kosovo as an independent state, and its status is still in dispute as of 2014.
2011 – Bahraini security forces launch a pre-dawn raid on protesters at the Pearl Roundabout in Manama.
2011 – Protests begin in Libya against Muammar al-Gaddafi. Soon after, Libya enters into a state of civil war between pro- and anti-Gaddafi fighters. Gaddafi is killed in October.
2012 – President of Germany Christian Wulff resigns over a home-loan scandal, becoming the shortest-serving President ever of the Federal Republic of Germany. Horst Seehofer becomes interim-President until a successor can be found. Joachim Gauck becomes President just over a month later.
2014 - A building collapse in Geongju, South Korea, kills at least 10 people, most of them students.
Births
Up to 1800
624 - Wu Zetian, Chinese Empress of the Zhou Dynasty (d. 705)
1192 - Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shogun (d. 1219)
1490 - Charles III, Duke of Bourbon (d. 1527)
1519 – Francis, Duke of Guise, French soldier and politician (d. 1563)
1524 - Charles of Guise, French cardinal (d. 1574)
1581 - Fausto Poli, Italian cardinal (d. 1653)
1653 – Arcangelo Corelli, Italian composer (d. 1713)
1699 – Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff, Prussian soldier, painter and architect (d. 1753)
1718 - Matthew Tilgh, American Continental Congressman (d. 1790)
1723 - Tobias Mayer, German astronomer (d. 1762)
1740 - John Sullivan, American general, politician and Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1795)
1752 – Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, German writer (d. 1831)
1754 - Nicolas Baudin, French explorer (d. 1803)
1781 – René Laennec, French physician (d. 1826)
1782 – Fyodor Ivanovich Tolstoy, Russian aristocrat (d. 1846)
1792 - Karl Ernst von Baer, German biologist (d. 1876)
1796 – Giovanni Pacini, Italian opera composer (d. 1867)
1796 – Philipp Franz von Siebold, German physician (d. 1886)
1801 1900
1817 - Edouard Thilges, 7th Prime Minister of Luxembourg (d. 1904)
1820 - Elzear-Alexandre Taschereau, French cardinal (d. 1898)
1820 - Henri Vieutemps, Belgian composer (d. 1881)
1821 – Lola Montez, Irish dancer (d. 1861)
1836 - Gustavo Adolfo Becquer, Spanish poet (d. 1870)
1848 - Louisa Lawson, Australian writer and feminist (d. 1920)
1848 – Albert Gustaf Dahlman, Swedish executioner (d. 1920)
1854 – Friedrich Alfred Krupp, German industrialist (d. 1902)
1861 – Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont (d. 1922)
1862 – Mori Ogai, Japanese novelist and poet (d. 1922)
1862 - Eugen Schmidt, Danish athlete (d. 1931)
1863 - Fyodor Sologub, Russian writer (d. 1927)
1864 – Banjo Paterson, Australian poet (d. 1941)
1866 - Henry Hollis Horton, 40th Governor of Tennessee (d. 1934)
1877 - Isidora Sekulic, Serbian writer (d. 1958)
1877 - Andre Maginot, French politician (d. 1932)
1885 – Romano Guardini, German theologian (d. 1968)
1887 - Joseph Bech, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (d. 1975)
1888 – Otto Stern, German physicist (d. 1969)
1890 - Ronald Fisher, English statistician, biologist and geneticist (d. 1962)
1891 – Abraham Fraenkel, German-Israeli mathematician (d. 1965)
1892 - Marjorie Fielding, British actress (d. 1956)
1893 - Wally Pipp, American baseball player (d. 1965)
1894 - Hendrik Kramers, Dutch physicist (d. 1952)
1901 1950
1901 - Philotheus Boehner, German monk and medieval scholar (d. 1955)
1903 - Sadeq Hedayat, Iranian writer (d. 1951)
1904 – Hans Morgenthau, German political philosopher (d. 1980)
1908 - Bo Yibo, Chinese politician (d. 2005)
1908 - Jacobus van Egmond, Dutch cyclist (d. 1969)
1910 - Arthur Hunnicutt, American actor (d. 1979)
1916 – Alexander Obolensky, Russian prince and England rugby player (d. 1940)
1917 – Abdur Rahman Badawi, Egyptian philosopher (d. 2002)
1917 – Guillermo Gonzalez Camarena, Mexican inventor (d. 1965)
1918 - Volodymyr Shcherbytsky, Prime Minister of Ukraine (d. 1990)
1919 – Kathleen Freeman, American actress (d. 2001)
1920 - Ivo Caprino, Norwegian animated movie director (d. 2001)
1920 - Annie Glenn, American activist (d. 2020)
1923 - Buddy DeFranco, American jazz musician (d. 2014)
1923 - John M. Allegro, English archaeologist and author (d. 1988)
1923 - Alden W. Clausen, American banker (d. 2013)
1924 – Margaret Truman, American writer (d. 2008)
1925 - Hal Holbrook, American actor
1925 - Ron Goodwin, English composer and conductor
1927 – Juan Almeida Bosque, Cuban Communist revolutionary (d. 2009)
1929 - Alejandro Jodorowsky, Chilean writer
1929 – Patricia Routledge, British actress
1930 – Ruth Rendell, British writer (d. 2015)
1931 - Buddy Ryan, American football coach (d. 2016)
1931 - Jirina Jiraskova, Czech actress (d. 2013)
1933 - Craig L. Thomas, American politician (d. 2007)
1933 - Larry Jennings, American magician (d. 1997)
1934 – Barry Humphries, Australian actor and comedian
1934 – Alan Bates, British actor (d. 2003)
1935 - Christina Pickles, British actress
1937 – Willi Koslowski, German footballer
1937 - Rita Süssmuth, German politician
1937 - Mary Ann Mobley, American actress and beauty queen (d. 2014)
1939 - Clement Richard, Canadian businessman and politician
1940 – Gene Pitney, American singer (d. 2006)
1941 - Julia McKenzie, English actress and theatre director
1942 – Huey Newton, American political activist (d. 1989)
1943 - Costas Azariadis, Greek economist
1944 – Bruce Fogle, Canadian-born British veterinarian and writer
1944 - Karl Jenkins, Welsh saxophonist, keyboardist and composer
1945 - Brenda Fricker, Irish actress
1946 - André Dussollier, French actor
1948 - Rick Majerus, American basketball player
1948 - Don Scardino, American television director and actor
1948 - José José, Mexican singer-songwriter, producer and actor
1949 - Fred Frith, English musician and composer
1949 - Dennis Green, American football coach (d. 2016)
1950 - Rickey Medlocke, American guitarist
1950 - Graham Stringer, English politician
1951 1975
1954 – Rene Russo, American actress
1955 - Mo Yan, Chinese novelist and Nobel Prize winner
1957 - Loreena McKennitt, Canadian singer-songwriter, harpist and pianist
1959 - Aryeh Deri, Israeli rabbi and politician
1959 - Rowdy Gaines, American swimmer
1961 - Andrey Korotayev, Russian anthropologist and economic historian
1961 - Panna Rittikrai, Thai actor, director and screenwriter (d. 2014)
1961 - Angela Eagle, English politician
1961 - Maria Eagle, English politician
1962 - Sarah Wollaston, English politician
1962 – Lou Diamond Phillips, American actor
1963 – Michael Jordan, American basketball player
1963 – Alison Hargreaves, British mountain climber (d. 1995)
1963 – Larry the Cable Guy, American comedian and actor
1964 - Jim Jordan, American politician
1965 – Michael Bay, American director and producer
1966 - Luc Robitaille, Canadian ice hockey player
1968 – Giuseppe Signori, Italian footballer
1969 - Tuesday Knight, American actress
1970 - Dominic Purcell, English-Australian actor
1971 – Denise Richards, American actress
1971 - Carlos Gamarra, Paraguayan footballer
1972 – Billie Joe Armstrong, American lead singer of Green Day
1972 – Philippe Candeloro, French figure skater
1972 – Taylor Hawkins, American musician
1973 - Shirley Clamp, Swedish singer
From 1976
1976 - Kelly Carlson, American actress
1979 – Cara Black, Zimbabwean tennis player
1981 – Paris Hilton, American socialite and heiress
1981 – Joseph Gordon-Levitt, American actor
1981 - Pontus Segerström, Swedish footballer (d. 2014)
1981 - Andrew Stephenson, English politician
1982 – Daniel Merriwether, Australian singer
1982 – Adriano Leite Ribeiro, Brazilian footballer
1983 - Nguyen Tien Minh, Vietnamese badminton player
1984 - AB de Villiers, South African cricketer
1984 - Drew Miller, American ice hockey player
1985 - Anders Jacobsen, Norwegian ski jumper
1985 – Mario Bolatti, Argentine footballer
1988 – Natascha Kampusch, Austrian kidnapping victim
1989 – Rebecca Adlington, British swimmer
1989 - Stacey McClean, British singer
1989 - Chord Overstreet, American actor
1991 – Ed Sheeran, British singer-songwriter
1991 – Bonnie Wright, British actress
1992 - Meaghan Jette Martin, American actress
1993 - Marc Marquez, Spanish racing driver
1993 - Nicola Leali, Italian footballer
1993 - Philip Wiegratz, German actor
1996 – Sasha Pieterse, South African-born American actress
Deaths
Up to 1900
197 – Clodius Albinus, would-be Roman emperor (killed in battle)
306 - Theodore of Amasea, Roman soldier and Christian martyr
364 – Jovian, Roman emperor (b. ca. 332)
1339 – Otto the Merry, Duke of Austria
1371 - Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria
1600 – Giordano Bruno, Italian religious reformer (burned at the stake) (b. 1548)
1609 – Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1549)
1652 - Gregorio Allegri, Italian composer (b. 1582)
1673 – Molière, French playwright (b. 1622)
1680 – Jan Swammerdam, Dutch scientist (b. 1637)
1768 - Arthur Onslow, English lawyer and politician (b. 1691)
1827 - Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Swiss educator and reformer (b. 1746)
1848 - George W. Campbell, Scottish-born 5th United States Secretary of the Treasury (b. 1769)
1854 – John Martin, English painter (b. 1789)
1856 – Heinrich Heine, German writer (b. 1797)
1883 - Vasudeo Balwant Phadke, Indian revolutionary (b. 1855)
1883 – Napoleon Coste, French guitarist, composer (b. 1806)
1890 – Christopher Latham Sholes, American inventor (b. 1819)
1891 - Theophil Hansen, Danish-Austrian educator and architect (b. 1813)
1901 2000
1901 - Ethelbert Nevin, American pianist and composer (b. 1862)
1905 - William Bickerton, English-American religious leader (b. 1815)
1909 – Geronimo, Apache leader (b. 1829)
1912 - Edgar Evans, Welsh navy officer (b. 1876)
1919 – Wilfrid Laurier, seventh Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1841)
1924 - Oskar Merikanto, Finnish composer (b. 1868)
1934 – King Albert I of Belgium (b. 1875)
1934 – Siegbert Tarrasch, German chess player (b. 1862)
1939 - Willy Hess, German violinist (b. 1859)
1943 – Konstantin Bogaevsky, Russian painter (b. 1872)
1943 – Armand J. Piron, American jazz musician (b. 1888)
1946 - Dorothy Gibson, American actress and singer (b. 1889)
1961 - Nita Noldi, American actress (b. 1894)
1962 - Joseph Kearns, American actor (b. 1907)
1962 – Bruno Walter, German conductor (b. 1876)
1970 – Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Israeli writer (b. 1888)
1970 - Alfred Newman, American movie composer (b. 1900)
1982 – Thelonious Monk, American jazz pianist (b. 1917)
1982 – Lee Strasberg, American acting teacher, actor (b. 1901)
1986 - Jiddu Krishnamurti, Indian philosopher (b. 1895)
1988 - Karpoori Thakur, Indian politician, 1st Chief Minister of Bihar (b. 1924)
1988 - John M. Allegro, English archaeologist and scholar (b. 1923)
1989 - Lefty Gomez, American baseball player (b. 1908)
1990 - Jean-Marc Bolvin, French mountaineer (b. 1951)
1994 - Gretchen Fraser, American ski racer (b. 1919)
1994 – Randy Shilts, writer, AIDS activist (b. 1951)
1998 – Ernst Jünger, militaristic German writer (b. 1895)
From 2001
2001 – Khalid Abdul Muhammed, Nation of Islam spokesman (b. 1948)
2004 – José López Portillo, former President of Mexico (b. 1920)
2005 – Dan O'Herlihy, Irish movie actor (b. 1919)
2005 – Omar Sivori, Argentine footballer (b. 1935)
2007 – Maurice Papon, French Nazi collaborator (b. 1910)
2010 – Kathryn Grayson, American singer and actress (b. 1922)
2011 – Perry Moore, American writer and movie producer (b. 1971)
2012 - Ulric Neisser, German-born American psychologist (b. 1928)
2013 - Richard Briers, British actor (b. 1934)
2013 - Mindy McCready, American country music singer (b. 1975)
2014 - Frankie Kao, Taiwanese singer (b. 1950)
2014 - Loni Nest, German-American actress (b. 1915)
2014 - Joe Bell, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1923)
2015 - Andrzej Koszewski, Polish composer (b. 1922)
2015 - Cathy Ubels-Veen, Dutch politician (b. 1928)
2016 - Mohamed Hassanein Heikal, Egyptian journalist (b. 1923)
2016 - Alexander Gutman, Russian film director (b. 1945)
2016 - Akbar Kakkattil, Indian writer (b. 1954)
2016 - Andrzej Zulawski, Polish film director and writer (b. 1940)
2017 - Nicole Bass, American bodybuilder and professional wrestler (b. 1964)
2017 - Warren Frost, American actor (b. 1925)
2017 - Börge Hellström, Swedish writer (b. 1957)
2017 - Erland Kops, Danish badminton player (b. 1937)
2017 - Robert H. Michel, American politician (b. 1923)
2017 - Michael Novak, American theologian and writer (b. 1933)
2017 - Tom Regan, American philosopher (b. 1938)
2017 - Peter Skellern, English singer-songwriter (b. 1947)
Observances
Celebrated as Independence Day in Kosovo
Revolution Day (Libya)
Days of the year |
9795 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/October%2030 | October 30 |
Events
Up to 1900
758 - Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates.
1226 - Tran Thu Do, head of the Tran clan of Vietnam, forces Ly Hue Tong, the last emperor of the Ly Dynasty, to commit suicide.
1270 - The Eighth Crusade and Siege of Tunis end by an agreement between Charles I of Sicily and the Sultan of Tunis.
1340 - Portuguese and Castilian forces halt a Marinid invasion in the Battle of Rio Soldado.
1470 – Henry VI of England returns to the English throne after Earl of Warwick defeats Yorkists in battle.
1485 – Henry VII of England is crowned King.
1534 - The English Parliament passes the Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII of England head of the English Church, a title previously held by the Pope.
1657 - Spanish forces fail to retake Jamaica at the Battle of Ocho Rios during the Anglo-Spanish War.
1813 - French troops surrender at Pamplona, ending Spain's War of Independence.
1817 - The independent government of Venezuela is formed by Simon Bolivar.
1831 - Nat Turner, who led the Slave Rebellion, is detained.
1863 - Danish Prince Wilhelm arrives in Athens to become King George I of Greece.
1864 - The Second War of Schleswig ends: Denmark surrenders its claim to Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg, which come under Prussian and Austrian control.
1864 – Helena, Montana is founded after four prospectors discover gold at "Last Chance Gulch."
1880 - Tegucigalpa becomes the capital city of Honduras.
1901 2000
1905 – Tsar Nicholas II of Russia grants Russia's first constitution, creating a legislative assembly.
1918 – The Ottoman Empire signs an armistice with the Allies, ending the First World War in the Middle East.
1920 - The Communist Party of Australia is founded in Sydney.
1921 - The Argentina national football team wins the Campeonato Sudamericana for the first time. The competition later becomes the Copa America.
1922 - Victor Emmanuel III of Italy names Benito Mussolini as Prime Minister.
1925 - John Logie Baird creates the United Kingdom's first television transmitter.
1929 - The Stuttgart cable car is built in Stuttgart, Germany.
1938 – Orson Welles broadcasts his radio play of H. G. Wells's The War of the Worlds, causing a nationwide panic.
1941 – World War II: Franklin Delano Roosevelt approves US$1 billion in Lend-Lease aid to the Soviet Union.
1944 – Anne Frank is deported from Auschwitz to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.
1945 - Baseball player Jackie Robinson of the Kansas City Monarchs signs a contract with the Brooklyn Dodgers, leading to the breaking of the color barrier in the sport.
1953 - George Marshall wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
1960 - Michael Woodruff performs his first successful kidney transplant in the United Kingdom at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary.
1961 – The Soviet Union detonates the hydrogen bomb Tsar Bomba. It is the largest nuclear device ever detonated. Nikita Khrushchev says that the scientists had planned to make it larger, but had reduced the yield to prevent breaking all the windows in Moscow.
1961 – Due to "violations of Lenin's precepts", it is decreed that Joseph Stalin's body be removed from its place of honour inside Lenin's tomb and buried near the Kremlin wall with a plain granite marker instead.
1965 – Vietnam War: Just miles from Da Nang, United States Marines stop an large attack of NLF forces, killing 56 guerrillas. Among the dead, a sketch of Marine positions was found on the body of a 13-year-old Vietnamese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.
1970 – In Vietnam, the worst monsoon to hit the area in six years causes large floods, kills 293, leaves 200,000 homeless and virtually halts the Vietnam War.
1972 - Two commuter trains collide in Chicago, Illinois, kills 45 people.
1973 - The Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul is completed.
1974 – "The Rumble in the Jungle": Muhammad Ali knocks out George Foreman in Kinshasa, Zaire to regain the World Heavyweight Boxing championship.
1975 – Prince Juan Carlos becomes Spain's acting head of state, taking over for the country's ailing dictator, Gen. Francisco Franco.
1980 – El Salvador and Honduras sign a peace treaty to put the border dispute fought over in 1969's Football War before the International Court of Justice.
1983 – The first democratic elections in Argentina after seven years of military rule are held.
1983 – An earthquake in eastern Turkey, near Erzurum, kills around 1,300 people.
1985 - The Space Shuttle Challenger lifts off on what would become its final successful mission.
1988 - Ayrton Senna wins his first Formula One title.
1991 – The Madrid Conference for Middle East peace talks opens.
1995 – Quebec independence referendum: Voters in Quebec narrowly choose to stay part of Canada.
1997 - Mary McAleese is elected President of Ireland.
1998 - 5,500 people are killed by Hurricane Mitch in Honduras.
2000 – The Somoni replaces the Rouble as the currency of Tajikistan.
From 2001
2002 – British television Service Freeview starts transmitting throughout parts of the United Kingdom.
2003 - Basketball player LeBron James makes his first appearance in the NBA, for the Cleveland Cavaliers.
2005 – Having been destroyed in the Firebombing of Dresden in World War II, the Frauenkirche (Church of Our Lady), is reconsecrated.
2007 - The hosting of the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup is given to Germany, and it is announced that the 2014 FIFA World Cup would take place in Brazil.
2013 - A bus fuel tank catches fire in Mahabubnagar, India, killing 45 people.
2014 - Emergency rule is declared in Burkina Faso after protests in the capital Ouagadougou against President Blaise Compaoré extending his time in office.
2014 - Sweden becomes the first European Union country to recognize the State of Palestine.
2015 - A fire at a nightclub in Bucharest, Romania, kills 64 people.
2019 - Chile withdraws as host of the December 2019 International climate change summit over the 2019 Chilean protests; Madrid offers to host it instead.
Births
Up to 1850
39 BC - Julia the Elder, daughter of Augustus Caesar (d. 14)
1218 – Emperor Chukyo of Japan (d. 1234)
1327 - Andrew, Duke of Calabria (d. 1345)
1513 - Jacques Amyot, French writer (d. 1593)
1580 – Dirk Hartog, Dutch explorer (d. 1621)
1624 - Paul Pellisson, French writer (d. 1693)
1632 – Christopher Wren, English architect (d. 1723)
1668 – Sophia Charlotte of Hanover, Queen of Prussia (d. 1705)
1735 – John Adams, 1st Vice President and 2nd President of the United States (d. 1826)
1741 – Angelica Kauffman, Swiss-Austrian painter (d. 1807)
1748 - Martha Jefferson, first wife of Thomas Jefferson (d. 1782)
1751 - Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Irish satirist, playwright and poet (d. 1816)
1763 - Heinrich Cotta, German forester (d. 1844)
1776 - George M. Bibb, American politician (d. 1859)
1778 - Benjamin Ames, Governor of Maine (d. 1835)
1785 - Heinrich von Pückler-Muskau, Prussian lieutenant (d. 1871)
1789 - Princess Louise Charlotte of Denmark (d. 1864)
1794 - Prince Frederick of Prussia, Prussian prince and general (d. 1863)
1804 - Charles II, Duke of Brunswick (d. 1873)
1816 - Henry L. Dawes, American politician (d. 1903)
1829 - Suzanne Manet, wife and model of the painter Edouard Manet (d. 1906)
1836 - Camillo Boito, Italian writer and architect (d. 1914)
1839 – Alfred Sisley, Anglo-French painter (d. 1899)
1844 - Harvey W. Wiley, American chemist (d. 1930)
1847 - Galileo Ferraris, Italian physicist (d. 1897)
1851 1900
1853 - Louise Abbéma, French painter (d. 1927)
1857 – Georges Gilles de la Tourette, French neurologist (d. 1904)
1859 - Karl von Stürgkh, Austrian politician (d. 1916)
1861 - Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor (d. 1929)
1871 - Paul Valéry, French poet (d. 1945)
1871 - Buck Freeman, American baseball player (d. 1949)
1873 – Francisco I. Madero, President of Mexico (d. 1913)
1877 - Hugo Celmins, Prime Minister of Latvia (d. 1941)
1881 - Elizabeth Roberts, American poet and writer (d. 1941)
1882 - Oldrich Duras, Czech chess player (d. 1957)
1882 - William F. Halsey, Jr., American naval commander (d. 1959)
1885 – Ezra Pound, American poet (d. 1972)
1886 - Zoe Akins, American playwright (d. 1958)
1887 - Sukumar Ray, Bengali writer (d. 1923)
1887 - Georg Heym, German writer (d. 1912)
1888 - Louis Menges, American soccer player (d. 1969)
1888 - Konstantinos Tsiklitiras, Greek Olympic champion (d. 1913)
1890 - Tommy Cairns, Scottish footballer (d. 1967)
1893 - Charles Atlas, Italian bodybuilder (d. 1972)
1893 - Roland Freisler, German Nazi judge (d. 1945)
1894 - Jean Rostand, French biologist (d. 1977)
1894 - Peter Warlock, English composer (d. 1930)
1895 – Gerhard Domagk, German doctor, won the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1964)
1895 – Dickinson W. Richards, American physician (d. 1973)
1896 – Harry Randall Truman, Guardian of Mt. St. Helens (d. 1980)
1896 - Ruth Gordon, American actress (d. 1985)
1896 - Kostas Karyotakis, Greek poet (d. 1928)
1897 - Agustín Lara, Mexican composer (d. 1970)
1899 - Nadezhda Mandelstam, Russian writer (d. 1980)
1900 – Ragnar Granit, Finnish neuroscientist (d. 1991)
1901 1950
1905 - Johnny Miles, Canadian marathon runner (d. 2003)
1906 – Giuseppe Farina, Italian racing driver (d. 1966)
1906 – Alexander Gode, German-American linguist (d. 1970)
1908 - U. Muthuramalingam Thevar, Indian politician (d. 1963)
1908 - Patsy Montana, American country music singer-songwriter (d. 1996)
1908 - Dmitry Ustinov, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 1984)
1909 - Homi J. Bhabha, Indian physicist (d. 1966)
1909 - Jerry Dawson, Scottish footballer (d. 1977)
1910 - Luciano Sgrizzi, Italian harpsichordist and composer (d. 1994)
1911 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (d. 2005)
1914 - Anna Wing, British actress (d. 2013)
1914 - Leabua Jonathan, 2nd Prime Minister of Lesotho (d. 1987)
1915 - Jane Randolph, American actress (d. 2009)
1915 - Fred W. Friendly, American journalist (d. 1998)
1917 - Maurice Trintignant, French racing driver (d. 2005)
1917 - Anna Marly, Russian-born French singer and songwriter (d. 2006)
1917 - Nikolai Ugarkov, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 1994)
1925 - Gus Savage, American politician (d. 2015)
1926 - Tommy Ridgley, American singer (d. 1999)
1928 – Daniel Nathans, American microbiologist (d. 1999)
1930 – Clifford Brown, American musician (d. 1956)
1931 - Vince Callahan, American politician (d. 2014)
1932 - Louis Malle, French movie director (d. 1995)
1934 - Frans Brüggen, Dutch conductor and flautist (d. 2014)
1935 – Agota Kristof, Hungarian writer (d. 2011)
1935 – Michael Winner, English movie director (d. 2013)
1937 – Claude Lelouch, French director
1938 - Ed Lauter, American actor (d. 2013)
1939 – Leland H. Hartwell, American scientist
1939 - Eddie Holland, American songwriter
1939 - Grace Slick, American rock music singer, songwriter, musician, artist and model
1941 - Theodor W. Haensch, German physicist
1941 - Otis Williams, American singer
1943 - David Triesman, Baron Triesman, English politician
1944 - Ahmed Chalabi, Iraqi politician (d. 2015)
1945 – Henry Winkler, American actor, director and producer
1946 - William Thurston, American mathematician (d. 2012)
1946 - Robert L. Gibson, American astronaut
1946 - Chris L. Slade, Welsh drummer
1947 - Timothy B. Schmit, American rock musician
1951 1975
1951 - Harry Hamlin, American actor
1952 - Ana Paula Ribeiro Tavares, Angolan historian and poet
1953 - Pete Hoekstra, United States Congressman
1954 – Mario Testino, Peruvian-born fashion photographer
1954 - Mahmoud El Khatib, Egyptian footballer
1955 - Heidi Heitkamp, American politician
1956 - Juliet Stevenson, English actress
1957 - Kevin Pollak, American actor and director
1960 – Diego Armando Maradona, Argentine footballer
1961 - Giorgos Papakonstantinou, Greek economist and politician
1962 - Courtney Walsh, Jamaican cricketer
1962 – Stefan Kuntz, German footballer
1964 – Jean-Marc Bosman, Belgian footballer
1965 - Gavin Rossdale, British musician
1966 - Scott Innes, American voice actor
1966 - Zoran Milanovic, 10th Prime Minister of Croatia
1967 - Brad Aitken, Canadian ice hockey player
1969 - Stanislav Gross, 5th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (d. 2015)
1969 - Snow, Canadian musician
1970 - Xie Jun, Chinese chess player
1970 - Nia Long, American actress
1970 - Ben Bailey, American comedian and talk show host
1970 - Tony Belleci, American visual effects designer and TV host
1971 – Fredi Bobic, German footballer
1971 - Emma Tate, British voice actress
1971 - Tzanis Stavrakopoulos, Greek basketball player
1972 - Jessica Hynes, British actress and writer
1973 - Edge, Canadian actor and professional wrestler
1975 - Maria Thayer, American actress
From 1976
1976 – Stern John, Trinidadian footballer
1978 – Matthew Morrison, American actor and singer
1979 - Jason Bartlett, American baseball player
1981 - Jun Ji-hyun, South Korean actress
1981 - Ayaka Kimura, Japanese actress
1981 - Ivanka Trump, American model, businesswoman and socialite
1982 - Manny Parra, American baseball player
1983 - Diana Karazon, Jordanian singer, television host and actress
1984 - Tyson Strachan, Canadian ice hockey player
1984 - Eva Marcille, American actress, TV host and model
1986 – Thomas Morgenstern, Austrian skijumper
1986 - Margareta Kozuch, German volleyball player
1988 - Janel Parrish, American actress and singer
1989 - Jay Asforis, British actor, singer and dancer (S Club 7)
1989 - Vanessa White, British singer (The Saturdays)
1989 – Seth Adkins, American actor
1989 – Nastia Liukin, American gymnast
1989 - Ashley Barnes, Austrian-English footballer
1996 – Mizuki Fukumura, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
1998 - Meimi Tamura, Japanese singer
Deaths
Up to 1900
1226 - Ly Hue Tong, Emperor of Vietnam
1459 - Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini, Italian humanist (b. 1380)
1522 - Jean Houton, French composer (b. 1459)
1553 - Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck, German statesman and reformer (b. 1489)
1602 - Jean-Jacques Boissard, French poet (b. 1528)
1611 – King Charles IX of Sweden (b. 1550)
1626 - Willebrord Snell, Dutch astronomer and mathematician (b. 1580)
1632 - Henri II de Montmorency, French naval officer (b. 1595)
1654 – Emperor Go-Komyo of Japan (b. 1633)
1685 - Michel le Tellier, French statesman (b. 1603)
1757 - Osman III, Ottoman Sultan
1802 - Charles Alexandre de Colonna, French statesman (b. 1734)
1809 – William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1738)
1816 - Frederick I of Württemberg (b. 1754)
1842 - Allan Cunningham, Scottish author and poet (b. 1784)
1853 - Pietro Raimondi, Italian composer (b. 1786)
1883 - Robert Volkmann, German composer (b. 1815)
1893 – John Abbott, 3rd Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1821)
1894 - Honoré Mercier, 9th Premier of Quebec (b. 1840)
1901 2000
1910 – Henry Dunant, Swiss founder of the International Red Cross, co-winner of the first Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1828)
1912 – James S. Sherman, Vice President of the United States (b. 1855)
1915 – Charles Tupper, shortest-serving Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1821)
1923 – Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1858)
1951 - Tom Perry, 14th Governor of South Dakota (b. 1879)
1956 – Pio Baroja, Spanish writer (b. 1872)
1957 - Fred Beebe, American baseball player (b. 1880)
1961 – Luigi Einaudi, 2nd President of Italy (b. 1874)
1963 - U. Muthuramalingam Thevar, Indian politician (b. 1908)
1965 - Arthur M. Schlesinger, Sr., American historian (b. 1888)
1968 - Ramon Novarro, Mexican actor, singer and director (b. 1899)
1968 - Conrad Richter, American author and playwright (b. 1890)
1968 - Rose Wilder Lane, American journalist and writer (b. 1886)
1975 – Gustav Ludwig Hertz, German physicist (b. 1887)
1979 - Barnes Wallis, English scientist and engineer (b. 1887)
1979 - Rachele Mussolini, wife of Benito Mussolini (b. 1890)
1985 - Kirby Grant, American actor (b. 1911)
1993 - Paul Grégoire, Archbishop of Montreal (b. 1911)
1997 – Samuel Fuller, American movie director (b. 1912)
2000 – Steve Allen, American comedian, writer, and composer (b. 1921)
From 2001
2002 – Juan Antonio Bardem, Spanish director and screenwriter (b. 1922)
2004 - Peggy Ryan, American actress (b. 1924)
2005 - Shamsher Singh Sheri, Indian Communist leader (b. 1942)
2006 - Junji Kinoshita, Japanese playwright (b. 1914)
2007 – Robert Goulet, American entertainer (b. 1933)
2009 - Juvenal Amarijo, Brazilian footballer (b. 1923)
2009 – Claude Lévi-Strauss, French anthropologist (b. 1908)
2010 – Harry Mulisch, Dutch writer (b. 1927)
2013 - Ralph Tarrant, English supercentenarian (b. 1903)
2014 - Thomas Menino, American politician, longest-serving Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts (b. 1942)
2014 - Bob Geigel, American wrestling promoter (b. 1924)
2015 - Mel Daniels, American basketball player (b. 1944)
2015 - Al Molinaro, American actor (b. 1919)
2016 - Tammy Grimes, American actress (b. 1934)
2017 - Fred Beckey, American rock climber, mountaineer and author (b. 1923)
2017 - Frank Doran, Scottish politician (b. 1949)
2017 - Kim Joo-hyuk, South Korean actor (b. 1972)
2017 - James D. Martin, American businessman and politician (b. 1918)
2017 - Judy Martz, American politician, 22nd Governor of Montana (b. 1943)
2017 - Melanmai Ponnusamy, Indian writer and journalist (b. 1951)
2017 - Daniel Te'o-Nesheim, American football player (b. 1987)
2017 - Daniel Viglietti, Uruguayan singer, guitarist, composer and activist (b. 1939)
2018 - David Azulai, Israeli politician (b. 1954)
2018 - Whitey Bulger, American criminal (b. 1929)
2018 - Bill Fischer, American baseball player (b. 1930)
2018 - María Irene Fornés, Cuban-American playwright (b. 1930)
2018 - Jin Yong, Hong Kong essayist and journalist (b. 1924)
2018 - Erika Mahringer, Austrian alpine skier (b. 1924)
2018 - Beverly McClellan, American singer and musician (b. 1969)
2018 - Teodoro Petkoff, Venezuelan journalist and politician (b. 1932)
2018 - Sangharakshita, British Buddhist writer and educator (b. 1925)
2018 - Bob Skoronski, American football player (b. 1934)
2019 - Russell Brookes, British rally driver (b. 1945)
2019 - Ron Fairly, American baseball player and broadcaster (b. 1938)
2019 - Jim Gregory, Canadian ice hockey coach and executive (b. 1935)
2019 - William J. Hughes, American politician and diplomat (b. 1932)
2019 - Mobolaji Johnson, Nigerian military officer and politician (b. 1936)
2019 - Bernard Slade, Canadian-American playwright and screenwriter (b. 1930)
2019 - Azam Taleghani, Iranian politician, activist and journalist (b. 1943)
2019 - J. Bob Traxler, American politician (b. 1931)
Observances
Anniversary of the Declaration of the Slovak nation
Mischief Night (United States)
Days of the year |
9796 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger | Tiger | The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest living member of the cat family, the Felidae. It feeds by hunting. It lives in Asia, mainly India, Bhutan, China, Korea and Siberian Russia. Tigers are solitary animals.
Appearance
Tigers have orange [[flakes to
]] with black stripes, and a white belly. The black stripes usually extend to the white underside. The stripes are used to keep them camouflaged while hunting. Usually, no two tigers have the same pattern of stripes.
There are tigers with different colors. There are sometimes white tigers that have white fur with black stripes, or that even have pure white fur. They have orange or red eyes. Most Bengal tigers have orange fur. The white coat only appears once in every 100
births. The Bengal tiger is the national animal of Bangladesh and India.
Tigers vary in size depending on their subspecies. Siberian tigers are the largest. Males can grow to at least long (body length) and weigh about . Females are a bit smaller. Record weight for males is claimed as 890 lbs (318 kg), but this cannot be confirmed.
Where they live
Tigers can live in a variety of habitats. Mostly they need to hide, to be near a water source, and have enough prey to eat. Tigers are solitary and they all control large amounts of territory, the size of which depends on the availability of food and prey. According to Tigers-World, a male tiger may live and hunt in an area of 60 to 100 square kilometers (23 to 39 square miles). A female tiger may have 20 square kilometers (8 square miles). According to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, a single tiger can live in a territory as small as 21 square kilometers (8 square miles) to as large as 995 square kilometers (385 square miles). Bengal tigers in particular live in many types of forests. These include the wet, evergreen of Assam and eastern Bengal; the swampy mangrove forest of the Ganges Delta; the deciduous forest of Nepal, and the thorn forests of the Western Ghats.
Subspecies
As previously thought, the tiger had five living subspecies. In this context, 'recently' means in the last two centuries. Three tiger subspecies are extinct (†).
Subspecies of Tiger (Panthera tigris)
Bali tiger (Panthera tigris balica) †
Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
Caspian tiger (Panthera tigris virgata) †
Chinese tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti)
Javan tiger (Panthera tigris sondaica) †
Malayan tiger (Panthera tigris jacksoni)
Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica)
South China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis)
Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae)
However, in 2017, the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group revised felid taxonomy and recognized the tiger populations in continental Asia as P. t. tigris, and those in the Sunda Islands as P. t. sondaica.
Tigers and humans
Chinese Tigers are becoming rare, because people hunt them for their silk coat skin and destroy the habitats they live in. The Bengal tiger has the largest population with 3,500 left in the wild. To help keep the tiger population, tigers are often placed in zoos. In order for tigers to survive into the next century, governments throughout the tigers’ range must show greater determination and commitment to conserve tigers and their habitats.
Chinese tigers have been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine. Body parts such as their whiskers and bones are used to treat things such as toothaches, malaria, and burns.
Diet
Tigers eat many types of prey, mostly other large mammals. Some examples are deer, monkeys, wild rabbits, wild pigs, tapirs, buffalo and other animals found in Asia. All are meat eaters. Some tigers may eat up to of meat a day. Tigers kill their prey by clamping down on the prey's throat and suffocating it.
References
Tigers
Felines |
9797 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1735 | 1735 | 1735 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar.
Events
January 8 – George Frideric Handel's opera Ariodante plays at the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden, London.
February 14 – The Order of St. Anna is started in Russia. It is in honour of the daughter of Peter the Great.
April 13 – Emperor Sakuramachi takes the throne of Japan.
Linnaeus publishes his Systema Naturae.
Cobalt is discovered and isolated by Georg Brandt.
First successful Appendectomy by French surgeon Claudius Aymand in London
October 30 – John Adams |
9798 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopard | Leopard | A leopard (Panthera pardus) is a big feline of the genus Panthera. It lives in Africa and Asia.
Unlike lions, it does not live in groups. The adult males live separately, and the females live only with their cubs. Leopards live in habitats where there are some trees. They climb trees well, and do so regularly. They can carry prey up a tree and keep it safe from hyaenas and lions. Trees are its main escape from attacks by lions or packs of dogs. It is an ambush predator, and operates best where it has some cover.
The most similar cat in its lifestyle is the jaguar, which lives in Central and South America.
Appearance
Leopards generally have yellow fur with dark rosettes and spots, and a lighter colored underside. But there can be a lot of differences in the different leopard subspecies. There are also often leopards who are completely black, those are also called black panthers. Male leopards are about 30% larger than female leopards.
Habitat
Originally the leopard lived in all of Africa (but not in the Sahara) and southern Asia. But today many leopard subspecies, especially in Asia, are endangered. Leopards live in a lot of different environments: rainforests, forests, mountains and savannas.
Life style
The leopard is mostly active at night. It is basically an ambush hunter. It can climb very well, and it stays up in trees a lot of its time. Leopards usually live alone and try not to meet another leopard. They only come together to mate. Young leopards leave their mothers after 13 – 18 months.
Hunting and diet
Leopards hunt at different times, and they also use different methods for hunting. Most often leopards will secretly move towards their prey and attack it when they are close, or hide and wait for it to come close.
Leopards are versatile, opportunistic hunters, and have a very wide diet. Leopards are carnivores.Leopards are apex predators. They prey on antelope, zebras, warthogs, buffalo, wildebeest, wild boar and deer, but they also prey on rodents, hares, fish, birds, snakes, lizards, turtles, monkeys and even jackals. Leopards are the only natural predators of adult chimpanzees and gorillas, though probably not the large male silverback gorillas. Leopards do not usually eat humans, but sometimes leopards that are hurt or sick can eat people when they do not have enough to eat. A leopard in India is believed to have eaten more than 125 people.
Subspecies
There are nine subspecies of leopards recognized today, one in Africa and eight in Asia. They are:
African leopard P.p pardus
Amur leopard P.p orientalis
Arabian leopard P.p nimr
Indian leopard P.p fusca
Indo Chinese leopard P.p delacouri
Javan leopard P.p melas
North Chinese leopard P.p japonensis
Persian leopard P.p saxicolor
Sri Lankan leopard P.p kotiya
References
Panthera
Mammals of Africa
Mammals of Asia |
9799 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaguar | Jaguar | The jaguar (Panthera onca) is a big cat (feline) which lives in South America and Central America.
The jaguar is the third-largest feline after the tiger and the lion. It is also the largest and most powerful feline in the Western Hemisphere.
Because of its spots, jaguars look like leopards, though it is usually larger and stronger, and its behavior is more like that of a tiger. It likes to stay near water, and like the tiger, it is famous for being a big cat that enjoys swimming. It usually hunts alone.
The jaguar has a very powerful strong bite, even compared to other big cats. Because of its strong bite, jaguars can bite through armoured reptiles like caimans, crocodiles, turtles and tortoises. Jaguars kill their prey in an unusual way: they bite directly through the skull between the ears and into the brain.
Appearance
Jaguars have yellow or sometimes yellow-orange fur with brown and black rosettes and spots. They are big and heavy and also have very strong muscles which makes them really powerful.They cannot climb well, but they can swim.
Sometimes there are jaguars who are completely black, but if you look closely you can still see the spots. They are called "black panther" or just "panther".
This is a 'colour morph' of the same species, a kind of polymorphism.
Habitat
Jaguars live in South America and Central America. They mostly live in rainforests, but also in savannas, swamps, grasslands, forest, deserts and open areas.
Life
Jaguars are not specialized with their food, but eat almost anything they get: big and small mammals, birds, reptiles, fish and livestock. It is an ambush predator. When hunting, they usually try to secretly get very close to the prey, and then the jaguar suddenly jumps at it and throws it down. The jaguar bites the skull of its prey to kill it. It then takes the prey to a safe place and eats it.
After a pregnancy of about 100 days the female gives birth to usually 1 - 4 babies. The young leave their family after 1–2 years, and they become mature at about 3 years. Jaguars can live up to 10–12 years old in freedom, but in captivity (such as in zoos) they can live to 20–22 years old.
References
Other websites
BBC videos on Jaguars
Panthera
Mammals of South America |
9800 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheetah | Cheetah | A cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a medium large cat which lives in Africa. It is the fastest land animal and can run up to 112 kilometers per hour for a short time. Most cheetahs live in the savannas of Africa. There are a few in Asia. Cheetahs are active during the day, and hunt in the early morning or late evening.
Characteristics
The cheetah compared to other big cats is light and slimly built. Its long thin legs and long spotted tail are necessary for fast running. Its lightly built, thin form is in sharp contrast with the robust build of other big cats. The head-and-body length ranges from . The cheetah stands 70 to 90 cm at the shoulder, and weighs .
The slightly curved claws are only weakly retractable (semi-retractable). This is a major point of difference between the cheetah and the other big cats, which have fully retractable claws.
Diet and Behavior
Cheetahs are active during the day, and hunt in the early morning or late evening. Cheetahs are carnivores. They prey on antelope, wildebeest, zebras, warthogs, hares, birds, rodents, snakes, fish, lizards and even jackals.
When the cheetah hunts, it slowly and secretly moves toward its prey. When it is close to the prey (about 10–30 meters), it runs after it very quickly. Cheetahs kill their prey by tripping it during the chase. To kill medium- to large-sized prey, the cheetah bites the prey's throat to suffocate it to death. A bite on the back of the neck or the snout is enough to kill smaller prey.
The cheetah cannot defend itself against lions or hyenas who would take the cheetah's prey away. The prey is taken to a shaded place. The cheetah, exhausted after the chase, rests beside the kill and pants heavily for some time. Once they recover, cheetahs eat quickly, and consume large quantities as soon as they can.
Reproduction
Pregnant females give birth to about 3 to 5 cubs or kittens after three months pregnancy. It takes two years of full-time supervision by the mother before the cubs are ready to live independent lives. They need to learn how to catch prey, and that takes time. The young are vulnerable to larger predators: lions especially try to kill cheetahs.
Genetics
The cheetah has unusually low genetic variability and a very low sperm count. Their sperms also suffer from deformed flagellae, and so their movement is damaged. Apparently, cheetahs went through a great reduction in numbers during the last ice age. Inbreeding after the event further reduced the variation (genetic drift).
Cheetah as a pet
Due to the fact that cheetahs never attack and kill humans they were extremely popular as hunting pets since antiquity and especially in medieval times in the Near and Middle East.
In modern times, cheetahs probably are the most difficult wilds cats to have as pets, due to the necessity for wide open spaces for cheetah for them to run at full speed . It's very important to feed them properly, because cheetahs in captivity must eat only lean steamed meat so they don't get sick and perish.
Interesting facts
The cheetah is the fastest of the land dwellers.
The acceleration of a cheetah allows it to reach speeds of up to hundreds of kilometers per hour in three seconds (its maximum speed is 112 kilometers per hour). The speed that a cheetah can develop from the start in 3 seconds cannot be achieved by any sports racing car.
References
Felines |
9807 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2028 | January 28 |
Events
Up to 1900
98 - Trajan becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire.
814 - Holy Roman Emperor Charlemagne dies.
1393 - King Charles VI of France narrowly escapes death when several dancers' costumes catch fire during a masquerade ball.
1521 - The Diet of Worms begins.
1547 – As a nine-year-old, Edward VI becomes King of England, following the death of his father, King Henry VIII of England.
1573 - Articles of the Warsaw Confederation are signed, sanctioning freedom of religion in Poland.
1624 – Thomas Warner founds a colony on Saint Kitts.
1724 – The Russian Academy of the Sciences is founded by Tsar Peter I of Russia.
1754 – Horace Walpole coins the word serendipity in a letter to Horace Mann.
1813 – Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen is first published.
1820 – A Russian expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen first sights the Antarctic continent.
1821 - Bellingshausen's Antarctic expedition discovers an island just off the coast of Antarctica, which later becomes known as Alexander Island.
1841 – James Clark Ross' Antarctic expedition discovers the Ross Ice Shelf.
1846 - The Battle of Aliwal in India is won by British forces under Harry Smith.
1855 – In Panama, a locomotive travels from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean for the first time.
1870 - After leaving Halifax, Nova Scotia, British passenger steamer City of Boston disappears without trace in the North Atlantic Ocean, along with the 191 people on board.
1871 - Franco-Prussian War: The Siege of Paris ends in a French defeat and an armistice.
1878 - The Yale Daily News becomes the first daily (meaning it is published every day) college newspaper in the United States.
1878 - The first telephone box opens in New Haven, Connecticut.
1887 – The world's largest snowflakes are recorded at Fort Keogh, Montana.
1887 – Building of the Eiffel Tower begins.
1896 – Walter Arnold of East Peckham, Kent is the first person convicted of a speeding offence.
1900 - The DFB, German Football Federation, is founded.
1901 2000
1908 - Some members of the Portuguese Republican Party fail in their attempted coup against the dictatorship of Joao Franco.
1909 - US troops leave Cuba, except for Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, having been there since 1898.
1915 - An Act of Congress creates the United States Coast Guard.
1917 - City-owned streetcars take to the streets of San Francisco for the first time.
1918 – Finnish Civil War: Rebels seize Helsinki.
1922 – The Knickerbocker Storm causes Washington, DC's biggest snowfall.
1932 - Japanese forces attack Shanghai.
1933 – Choudhary Rahmat Ali Khan chooses the name "Pakistan" on this date. Today it is one of the official national holidays of the 'Islamic Republic'.
1933 – Kurt von Schleicher resigns as Chancellor of Germany and suggests to Paul von Hindenburg to name Adolf Hitler as the next Chancellor.
1934 – The first ski tow in the United States begins operation in Vermont.
1935 – Iceland legalises abortion.
1938 - Rudolf Caracciola sets the World Land Speed Record on a public road, with 432.7 kilometers per hour (268.9 miles per hour).
1941 - French-Thai War: A Japanese-mediated armistice goes into effect.
1945 - World War II: Supplies begin to reach the Republic of China over the newly re-opened Burma Road.
1956 - Elvis Presley makes his first appearance on US television.
1958 – The Lego company patents its now-famous toy bricks.
1958 - The last episode of British radio show The Goon Show is broadcast.
1959 – Thailand adopts a new constitution.
1964 - An unarmed United States Air Force T-39 Sabreliner on a training misiion is shot down over Erfurt, then-East Germany, by a Soviet MiG-19.
1965 – The design for the current Flag of Canada is chosen in an Act of Parliament.
1977 – The Great Lakes Blizzard (snowstorm), lasting until February 1, affects parts of upstate New York.
1979 - Pope John Paul II visits Mexico.
1980 - The ship USCGC Blackthorn collides with the tanker Capricorn off Tampa, Florida, killing 23 people.
1982 - United States Army general James L. Dozier is rescued by Italian anti-terrorist forces.
1984 - Tropical Storm Domoina makes landfall in Mozambique, where it causes widespread flooding and kills 214 people.
1985 - Supergroup USA for Africa records the hit single We Are the World to help raise funds for Ethiopian famine relief.
1986 – The Space Shuttle Challenger breaks up 73 seconds after lift off at Cape Canaveral, Florida, killing all 7 astronauts on board.
1987 - Mikhail Gorbachev, in a speech, sets out plans for liberal reforms, including Perestroika and Glasnost.
From 2001
2002 – TAME Flight 120, a Boeing 727-100, crashes in the Colombian Andes, killing 92 people.
2006 – At the Katowice International Fair in Poland, the roof of one of the buildings collapses, killing 65 people.
2011 – 2011 Egyptian protests: Hundreds of thousands of people take to the streets in Egypt, in protest against Hosni Mubarak, who cuts internet access on the same day.
2013 - Three days before her 75th birthday, Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands announces her intention to give up the throne on April 30 of the same year, when Willem-Alexander, Prince of Orange becomes the Netherlands' first king since 1890.
2014 - After strong protests, Ukraine withdraws a controversial anti-protest law introduced over a week earlier.
2014 - The United Nations Court in The Hague defines the maritime border between Peru and Chile.
2017 - Serena Williams wins her 23rd Grand Slam tennis Singles title at the Australian Open, surpassing Steffi Graf's Open Era record of 22.
2018 - Roger Federer wins his 20th Grand Slam singles tennis title, at the Australian Open.
Births
Up to 1850
1225 – Saint Thomas of Aquinas (d. 1274).
1312 - Joan II of Navarre (d. 1349).
1453 - Simonetta Vespucci, Italian Renaissance figure (d. 1476).
1457 – King Henry VII of England (d. 1509).
1507 - Ferrante Gonzaga, Viceroy of Sicily (d. 1557).
1533 - Paul Luther, German physician and son of Martin Luther (d. 1593).
1540 - Ludolph von Ceulen, German mathematician (d. 1610).
1582 - John Barclay, Scottish writer (d. 1621).
1600 – Pope Clement IX (d. 1669).
1608 - Giovanni Alfonso Borelli, Italian physiologist and physicist (d. 1679).
1611 – Johannes Hevelius, Polish astronomer and Mayor of Gdansk (d. 1687).
1622 - Adrien Auzout, French astronomer (d. 1691).
1701 - Charles Marie de La Condamine, French mathematician and geographer (d. 1774).
1706 – John Baskerville, English writer and printmaker (d. 1775).
1712 – Tokugawa Ieshige, Japanese shogun (d. 1761).
1717 – Mustafa III, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1774).
1719 - Johann Elias Schlegel, German critic and poet (d. 1749).
1768 – King Frederick VI of Denmark and Norway (d. 1669).
1784 – George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1860).
1806 - William Aitken, Jr., Governor of South Carolina (d. 1887).
1807 - Robert McClure, Irish seafarer and explorer (d. 1873).
1809 - Theodor Benfey, German philologist (d. 1881).
1815 - Andrew Jackson Hamilton, 12th Governor of Texas (d. 1875).
1818 - George S. Boutwell, 20th Governor of Massachusetts and 28th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1905).
1822 – Alexander Mackenzie, 2nd Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1892).
1833 – Charles George Gordon, British general (d. 1885).
1838 - James Craig Watson, American astronomer (d. 1880).
1841 – Henry Morton Stanley, Welsh-born explorer, journalist and colonialist (d. 1904).
1851 1900
1853 - Jose Marti, Cuban revolutionary (d. 1891).
1853 - Vladimir Solovyov, Russian philosopher (d. 1890).
1858 - Tannatt William Edgworth David, Welsh-born Australian geologist and explorer (d. 1934).
1858 - Stoyan Danev, Prime minister of Bulgaria (d. 1949).
1863 - Ernest William Christmas, Australian painter (d. 1918).
1864 - Charles W. Nash, American automobile entrepreneur (d. 1948).
1864 - Herbert Akroyd Stuart, English inventor (d. 1927).
1865 – Kaarlo Juho Stahlberg, 1st President of Finland (d. 1952).
1865 - Lala Lajpat Rai, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1928).
1872 - Otto Braun, Prussian politician (d. 1955).
1873 – Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette, French writer (d. 1954).
1875 - Julian Carrillo, Mexican composer, conductor, violinist and music theorist (d. 1965).
1884 – Auguste Piccard, Swiss scientist (d. 1962).
1884 – Jean Piccard, Swiss scientist (d. 1963).
1886 – Marthe Bibesco, Romanian writer (d. 1973).
1886 - Hidetsugu Yagi, Japanese electrical engineer (d. 1976).
1887 - Arthur Rubinstein, Polish pianist (d. 1982).
1889 - Ramon Iglesias i Navarri, Catalan Bishop of Urgel, Spanish Co-Prince Andorra (d. 1972).
1890 - Robert Stroud, American convict, "Birdman of Alcatraz" (d. 1963)
1891 – Bill Doak, American baseball player (d. 1954).
1892 – Ernst Lubitsch, German director (d. 1947).
1897 - Valentin Kataev, Soviet dramatist (d. 1986).
1901 1950
1902 - Alfred H. Barr, Jr., American art historian (d. 1981).
1909 – John Thomson, Scottish footballer (d. 1931).
1910 – John Banner, Austrian-born actor (d. 1973).
1911 - Johan van Hulst, Dutch politician (d. 2018).
1912 – Jackson Pollock, American painter (d. 1956).
1918 - Sandro Puppo, Italian footballer (d. 1986).
1919 - Francis Gobreski, American fighter pilot (d. 2002).
1922 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist (d. 1993).
1923 – Richard Herrmann, German footballer (d. 1962).
1924 - Marcel Broodthaers, Belgian artist (d. 1976).
1926 - Abdul-Karim Mousavi Ardebili, former Interim President of Iran (d. 2016).
1926 - Harry L. Ettlinger, German-American engineer (d. 2018).
1927 - Hiroshi Teshigahara, Japanese director (d. 2001).
1927 - Per Oscarsson, Swedish actor (d. 2010).
1929 – Acker Bilk, English jazz clarinettist (d. 2014).
1929 - Edith M. Flanigen, American chemist.
1929 – Claes Oldenburg, Swedish-American artist.
1930 – Kurt Biedenkopf, German politician.
1930 - Jasraj, Indian classical singer (d. 2020).
1930 - Roy Clarke, English television scriptwriter.
1934 - Juan Manuel Bordeu, Argentine racing driver (d. 1990).
1935 – David Lodge, British writer.
1936 – Alan Alda, American actor, director and writer.
1936 - Waldyr Boccardo, Brazilian basketball player (d. 2018).
1936 – Ismail Kadare, Albanian writer.
1937 - Donald Crothers, American academic and educator (d. 2014).
1938 - Tomas Lindahl, Swedish biologist and geneticist.
1938 - Leonid Zhabotinsky, Ukrainian weightlifter (d. 2016).
1939 - John M. Fabian, American pilot and astronaut.
1940 – Carlos Slim, Mexican businessman.
1941 - Joel Crothers, American actor (d. 1985).
1941 - King Tubby, Jamaican musician (d. 1989).
1942 - Sjoukje Dijkstra, Dutch figure skater.
1943 - Paul Henderson, Canadian ice hockey player.
1943 – Dick Taylor, British musician.
1944 – Susan Howard, American actress.
1944 – John Tavener, English composer (d. 2013).
1945 - Marthe Keller, Swiss actress.
1945 - Robert Wyatt, English musician.
1947 - Jeanne Shaheen, American politician, United States Senator for New Hampshire
1948 – Charles Taylor, former President of Liberia.
1948 – Heinz Flohe, German footballer (d. 2013).
1949 - Mike Moore, 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand.
1949 - Thomas Downey, American politician.
1949 - Gregg Popovich, American basketball coach.
1950 - David C. Hilmers, American astronaut.
1950 – Hamad Ibn Isa al Khalifah, King of Bahrain.
1951 1975
1951 - Leonid Kadeniuk, Ukrainian cosmonaut (d. 2018).
1953 - Richard Anconina, French actor.
1954 - Bruno Metsu, French footballer and coach (d. 2013)
1954 - Robin Smith, Canadian voice actor
1955 – Nicolas Sarkozy, former President of France.
1955 - Vinod Khosla, Indian-American businessman, co-founded Sun Microsystems.
1957 - Frank Skinner, English comedian.
1957 - Nick Price, Zimbabwean golfer.
1961 – Arnaldur Indridason, Icelandic writer.
1961 - Normand Rochefort, Canadian ice hockey player.
1962 - Joan McAlpine, Scottish politician.
1964 - Dave McPherson, Scottish footballer
1964 - Juergen Teller, German artist and photographer.
1966 - Andrea Berg, German singer.
1968 – Sarah McLachlan, Canadian singer/songwriter
1968 – DJ Muggs, American musician
1969 - Kathryn Morris, American actress.
1971 - Anthony Hamilton, American singer
1972 - Nicky Southall, English footballer and manager
1974 – Magglio Ordóñez, Venezuelan baseball player
1975 - Lee Latchford-Evans, English singer (Steps)
From 1976
1976 - Lee Ingleby, English actor.
1976 - Rick Ross, American rapper.
1977 - Daunte Culpepper, American football player.
1977 – Joey Fatone, American singer (*NSYNC)
1978 – Gianluigi Buffon, Italian footballer
1978 – Jamie Carragher, English footballer
1978 – Papa Bouba Diop, Senegalese footballer
1979 - Ali Boulala, Swedish skateboarder
1980 – Nick Carter, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
1980 – Yasuhito Endo, Japanese footballer
1980 - Michael Hastings, American journalist (d. 2013)
1981 – Elijah Wood, American actor
1984 - Andre Iguodala, American basketball player
1984 - Anne Panter, English field hockey player
1985 - Daniel Carcillo, Canadian ice hockey player
1985 - Arnold Mvuemba, French footballer
1985 - Libby Trickett, Australian swimmer
1985 - J. Cole, American rapper
1985 - Andras Kallay-Saunders, American-Hungarian singer
1986 - Shruti Haasan, Indian actress
1986 – Jessica Ennis-Hill, British athlete
1989 - Siem de Jong, Dutch footballer
1991 - Calum Worthy, Canadian actor
1991 - Carl Klingberg, Swedish ice hockey player
1992 - Andrei Savchenko, Russian footballer
1993 - Richmond Boakye, Ghanaian footballer
1993 - John Anthony Brooks, German-American soccer player
1993 - Will Poulter, English actor
1998 – Ariel Winter, American actress and singer
Deaths
Up to 1950
592 - Guntram, King of the Franks (b. 532)
814 – Charlemagne, King of the Franks (b. early 700s)
1271 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of France (b. 1247)
1443 - Robert Le Masson, Chancellor of France
1547 – Henry VIII of England (b. 1491)
1596 – Francis Drake, English naval officer, explorer and pirate (b. 1540)
1613 - Thomas Bodley, English diplomat and library founder (b. 1545)
1621 – Pope Paul V (b. 1550)
1672 - Pierre Seguier, Chancellor of France (b. 1588)
1687 – Johannes Hevelius, Polish astronomer and Mayor of Gdansk (b. 1611)
1697 - John Fenwick, English conspirator
1754 - Ludvig Holberg, Norwegian historian and writer (b. 1684)
1859 – Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1782)
1859 - Carl Adolph Agardh, Swedish botanist (b. 1785)
1864 - Emile Chappeyron, English engineer and physicist (b. 1799)
1912 - Gustave de Molinari, Belgian economist (b. 1819)
1918 – John McCrae, Canadian poet (b. 1872)
1924 - Teofilo Braga, Portuguese statesman (b. 1843)
1928 - Vicente Blasco Ibanez, Spanish writer (b. 1867)
1936 - Oscar K. Allen, Governor of Louisiana (b. 1882)
1937 - Anastasios Metaxas, Greek architect and shooter (b. 1862)
1938 - Bernd Rosemeyer, German racing driver (b. 1909)
1939 – William Butler Yeats, Irish writer (b. 1865)
1947 - Reynaldo Hahn, Venezuelan-French composer, conductor and critic (b. 1875)
1949 - Jean-Pierre Wimille, French racing driver (b. 1908)
1950 - Nicolai Luzin, Russian mathematician (b. 1883)
1951 2000
1951 – Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, President of Finland (b. 1867)
1953 – Derek Bentley, British victim of a miscarriage of justice (b. 1933) (hanged)
1953 – James Scullin, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1876)
1953 - Neyzen Tefvik, Turkish poet and satirist (b. 1879)
1956 - Marie Juchacz, German social reformer (b. 1883)
1959 - Walter Beall, American baseball (b. 1899)
1960 - Zora Neale Hurston, American writer (b. 1891)
1963 – Jean Piccard, Swiss scientist (b. 1884)
1963 - John Farrow, Australian screenwriter and director (b. 1904)
1965 - Maxime Weygand, French military (b. 1867)
1973 – John Banner, Austrian-born actor (b. 1910)
1975 – Ola Raknes, Norwegian psychoanalyst and philologist (b. 1887)
1976 - Marcel Broodthaers, Belgian artist (b. 1924)
1983 – Frank Forde, shortest-serving Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1890)
1983 – Billy Fury, British singer (b. 1940)
1985 - Alfredo Foni, Italian footballer (b. 1911)
1986 - Deaths in the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster:
Greg Jarvis, American astronaut (b. 1944)
Christa McAuliffe, American teacher and astronaut (b. 1948)
Ronald McNair, American astronaut (b. 1950)
Ellison Onizuka, American astronaut (b. 1946)
Judith Resnik, American astronaut (b. 1949)
Francis R. Scobee, American astronaut (b. 1939)
Michael J. Smith, American astronaut (b. 1949)
1988 – Klaus Fuchs, German atomic spy (b. 1911)
1989 - Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama, Tibetan religious leader (b. 1938)
1991 – Red Grange, American football player (b. 1903)
1993 - Helen Sawyer Hogg, Canadian astronomer (b. 1905)
1994 - Hal Smith, American actor (b. 1916)
1996 – Joseph Brodsky, Russian poet (b. 1940)
1996 – Jerry Siegel, American cartoonist (b. 1914)
1998 - Shotaro Ishinomori, Japanese writer (b. 1938)
1999 - Torgny Torgnysson Segerstedt, Swedish sociologist and philosopher (b. 1908)
From 2001
2002 – Astrid Lindgren, Swedish writer (b. 1907)
2005 – Jim Capaldi, British musician (b. 1944)
2007 – Karel Svoboda, Czech composer (b. 1938)
2008 – Christodoulos I, Archbishop of Athens (b. 1939)
2008 – Marie Takvam, Norwegian writer (b. 1926)
2009 – Billy Powell, American musician (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (b. 1952)
2009 - Glenn Davis, American athlete (b. 1934)
2011 - Margaret Price, Welsh soprano (b. 1941)
2014 - Jorge Obeid, Argentine politician (b. 1947)
2014 - Dwight Gustafson, American composer and conductor (b. 1930)
2015 - Yves Chauvin, French chemist (b. 1930)
2015 - Suraj Abdurrahman, Nigerian army officer (b. 1954)
2016 - Buddy Cianci, American politician (b. 1941)
2016 - Paul Kantner, American rock musician (b. 1941)
2016 - Signe Toly Anderson, American singer (b. 1941)
2016 - Yisroel Belsky, American rabbi (b. 1938)
2017 - Christopher Bland, British businessman (b. 1938)
2017 - Many Clouds, British racehorse (b. 2007)
2017 - Geoff Nicholls, British musician (b. 1948)
2017 - Lennart Nilsson, Swedish cinematographer (b. 1922)
2017 - Alexander Tikhanovich, Belarusian singer (b. 1952)
2017 - Bobby Freeman, American singer-songwriter and record producer (b. 1940)
2017 - Guitar Gable, American singer-songwriter and record producer (b. 1937)
2017 - Sang Chul Lee, Russian-born Canadian Christian minister (b. 1924)
2017 - John N. Mather, American mathematician (b. 1942)
2017 - Bharati Mukherjee, American writer (b. 1940)
2017 - Richard Portman, American sound engineer (b. 1934)
2017 - Thomas Joseph Simpson, Canadian World War II veteran (b. 1921)
2017 - Dan Spiegle, American comic book artist (b. 1920)
2017 - Darryl Sutton, Australian rules footballer (b. 1952)
2017 - Stuart Timmons, American historian and activist (b. 1957)
2018 - Dharmasena Pathiraja, Sri Lankan movie director and screenwriter (b. 1943)
2018 - Coco Schumann, German jazz guitarist (b. 1924)
2018 - Gene Sharp, American political scientist (b. 1928)
2019 - Jurrie Koolhof, Dutch footballer (b. 1960)
2019 - Mourad Medelci, Algerian politician (b. 1943)
2019 - Pepe Smith, Filipino rock guitarist (b. 1947)
Observances
Army Day (Armenia)
EU Data Privacy Day
Unofficial Day commemorating Charlemagne in some Christian groups.
Days of the year |
9808 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/October%2016 | October 16 |
Events
Up to 1950
456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire.
690 - Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire.
1590 - Composer Carlo Gesualdo murders his wife, Donna Maria d'Avalos and her lover Fabrizio Carafa, the Duke of Andria, at the Palazzo San Saverio in Naples.
1780 - Great Hurricane of 1780 devastates the Caribbean.
1781 - George Washington captures Yorktown, Virginia, after the Siege of Yorktown.
1793 – Marie Antoinette is executed on the guillotine.
1813 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Leipzig between Napoleon Bonaparte and the forces of the Sixth Coalition.
1834 - Much of the ancient structure of the Palace of Westminster in London burns to the ground.
1843 - William Rowan Hamilton comes up with the idea of quaternions, a non-commutative extension of complex numbers.
1846 - William T. G. Morton demonstrates anesthesia at the Massachusetts General Hospital.
1859 – John Brown leads a raid on Harper's Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia).
1875 – Brigham Young University is founded in Provo, Utah.
1905 - Partition of Bengal in India.
1909 - William Howard Taft and Porfirio Díaz hold the first summit meeting between Presidents of the United States and Mexico.
1916 - In Brooklyn, New York, Margaret Sanger opens the first family planning clinic in the United States.
1923 – The Walt Disney Company is founded.
1934 – Chinese Communists begin the Long March.
1939 - World War II: First attack on British territory by the German Luftwaffe.
1940 – Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto is established.
1945 - The Food and Agriculture Organization is founded in Quebec City.
1946 – Execution of Nazi war criminals who were sentenced in the Nuremberg Trials.
1949 - East Germany and the Soviet Union form diplomatic relations.
1951 2000
1951 – Pakistan's Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan is assassinated.
1962 - John F. Kennedy is shown photographs of military sites in Cuba.
1963 – Ludwig Erhard is chosen to succeed Konrad Adenauer as Chancellor of Germany.
1964 - The People's Republic of China detonates its first nuclear weapon.
1964 - Leonid Brezhnev is inaugurated as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with Alexei Kosygin becoming Premier.
1968 - At the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, US athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos are kicked off the US team for their part in the Black Power Salute.
1970 – In response to the October Crisis, Canada's Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invokes the War Measures Act.
1970 - The University of Augsburg in Bavaria opens.
1973 – Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho are announced as the winners of the Nobel Peace Prize.
1975 - Rahima Banu, a two-year-old girl from Bangladesh, is the last person known to be infected with naturally-occurring smallpox.
1978 – Karol Wojtyła becomes Pope John Paul II.
1978 - Wanda Rutkiewicz becomes the first person from Poland, and the first European woman, to climb to the top of Mount Everest.
1984 – Desmond Tutu wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
1984 - The British TV series The Bill is first shown.
1986 – Reinhold Messner reaches the top of Lhotse in the Himalayas with Hans Kammerlander. Messner becomes the first person to climb all the mountains over 8000 metres high.
1987 – The southern part of the United Kingdom is hit by a major storm which causes a lot of damage, especially with fallen trees, and kills 18 people.
1991 - George Hennard runs amok in Killeen, Texas, killing 23 people.
1994 - The majority of voters in Finland support entry into the EU.
1995 – The Skye Bridge, linking the Isle of Skye to mainland Scotland, is opened.
1995 - Million-Man March on Washington, DC.
1996 – 84 people are crushed to death at the Estadio Mateo Flores in Guatemala.
1998 – Augusto Pinochet is arrested in London after Spain issued an arrest warrant for murder.
From 2001
2002 - The Bibliotheca Alexandrina library is opened in Alexandria, Egypt.
2006 – A magnitude 6.7 earthquake hits Hawaii, causing widespread damage.
2012 - Planet Alpha Centauri Bb is discovered orbiting a star outside the Solar System.
2013 - Lao Airlines Flight 301 crashes on approach to Pakse International Airport in Laos, killing 49 people.
2013 - Erna Solberg becomes Prime Minister of Norway, succeeding Jens Stoltenberg. Solberg is Norway's second female Prime Minister, after Gro Harlem Brundtland.
2013 - US politicians agree to end the government shutdown, and narrowly avoid the United States being unable to repay its debts.
2017 - The remainder of Hurricane Ophelia hits the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and Scotland.
2017 - Maltese blogger and journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia is murdered in a car bomb attack.
2020 - Murder of Samuel Paty of Islamist terrorism happens.
Births
Up to 1800
1396 – William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English soldier (d. 1450)
1430 – King James II of Scotland (d. 1460)
1483 – Gasparo Contarini, Italian diplomat and cardinal (d. 1542)
1535 – Niwa Nagahide, Japanese warlord (d. 1585)
1620 - Pierre Paul Puget, French painter and sculptor (d. 1694)
1663 – Prince Eugene of Savoy, French-born Austrian general (d. 1736)
1679 - Jan Dismas Zelenka, Bohemian composer (d. 1745)
1710 – Andreas Hadik, Austro-Hungarian general (d. 1790)
1714 – Giovanni Arduino, Italian geologist (d. 1795)
1726 – Daniel Chodowiecki, Polish painter (d. 1801)
1729 - Pierre van Maldere, Flemish violinist and composer (d. 1768)
1751 – Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt, Queen of Prussia (d. 1805)
1752 – Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, German theologian (d. 1827)
1754 – Morgan Lewis, Governor of New York (1804-07) (d. 1844)
1758 – Noah Webster, American lexicographer (d. 1843)
1760 - Jonathan Dayton, American politician (d. 1824)
1762 – Paul Hamilton, Governor of South Carolina (1804–06) and U.S. Secretary of Navy (1809–12) (d. 1816)
1789 – William Burton, Governor of Delaware (1859–63) (d. 1866)
1795 – William Buell Sprague, American clergyman and writer (d. 1876)
1801 1900
1802 – Isaac Murphy, Governor of Arkansas (1864-68) (d. 1882)
1804 - Benjamin Russell, American artist (d. 1885)
1806 – William Pitt Fessenden, U.S. Secretary of Treasury (1864-65) (d. 1869)
1815 – Francis Lubbock, Governor of Texas (d. 1905)
1819 – Austin F. Pike, American politician from New Hampshire (d. 1886)
1831 - Lucy Stanton, American abolitionist (d. 1910)
1840 – Kuroda Kiyotaka, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1900)
1841 – Prince Hirobumi Ito, Japanese governor of Korea and 1st Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1909)
1847 - Maria Pia of Savoy (d. 1911)
1849 - George Washington Williams, American jurist, historian and politician (d. 1891)
1854 - Oscar Wilde, Irish writer (d. 1900)
1854 - Karl Kautsky, Czech-born German theoretician (d. 1938)
1855 - Samedbey Mehmandarov, Russian general (d. 1931)
1861 – J. B. Bury, Irish historian (d. 1927)
1863 – Austen Chamberlain, English statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1937)
1876 – Jimmy Sinclair, South African cricketer, rugby union and soccer player (d. 1913)
1878 - Eugenio Canfari, Italian sports official (d. 1962)
1878 - Miguel Llobet, Catalan guitarist and composer (d. 1938)
1878 – Maxie Long, American athlete (d. 1959)
1884 - Rembrandt Bugatti, Italian sculptor (d. 1916)
1885 - Dorando Pietri, Italian marathon runner (d. 1942)
1886 - David Ben-Gurion, first Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1973)
1886 - Armin T. Wegner, German poet (d. 1978)
1888 - Eugene O'Neill, American writer (d. 1953)
1890 - Michael Collins, Irish patriot (d. 1922)
1890 - Maria Goretti, Italian murder victim and saint (d. 1902)
1895 - Ling Hau Shang, Convicted Triad Leader (d. 1954)
1897 - Louis de Cazenave, French World War I veteran (d. 2008)
1900 - Primo Conti, Italian painter and poet (d. 1988)
1901 1950
1901 - Federico Munerati, Italian footballer (d. 1980)
1903 - Big Joe Williams, American blues guitarist (d. 1982)
1905 - Ernst Kuzorra, German footballer (d. 1990)
1908 - Enver Hoxha, Albanian political leader (d. 1985)
1912 - Clifford Hansen, American politician, Governor of Wyoming (d. 2009)
1914 - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (d. 2007)
1918 - Louis Althusser, French Marxist philosopher (d. 1990)
1918 - Géori Boué, French soprano (d. 2017)
1918 - Abraham Nemeth, American mathematician (d. 2013)
1918 - Henri Vernes, Belgian writer and comics creator
1922 - Max Bygraves, English singer, songwriter and entertainer (d. 2012)
1923 - Bill McLaren, Scottish rugby commentator (d. 2010)
1923 - Linda Darnell, American actress (d. 1965)
1925 - Angela Lansbury, British-born actress
1927 - Günter Grass, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
1928 - Mary Daly, American philosopher, theologian and professor (d. 2010)
1928 - Ann Morgan Guilbert, American actress (d. 2016)
1929 - Fernanda Montenegro, Brazilian actress
1929 - Ivor Allchurch, Welsh footballer (d. 1997)
1930 - John Polkinghorne, English physicist, theologian and priest
1930 - Carmen Sevilla, Spanish actress and singer
1931 - Valery Klimov, Ukrainian-Russian violinist
1931 - Charles Colson, American Watergate conspirator (d. 2012)
1932 - Detlev Karsten Rohwedder, German politician and manager (d. 1991)
1932 - Gudbergur Bergsson, Icelandic writer
1936 - Akira Machida, Japanese judge, 15th Chief Justice of Japan
1936 - Peter Bowles, English actor
1936 - Andrei Chikatilo, Russian serial killer (d. 1994)
1938 - Nico, German musician, fashion model and actress (d. 1988)
1940 - Ivan Della Mea, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 2009)
1941 - Baddeley Devesi, 1st Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (d. 2012)
1941 - Tim McCarver, American baseball player and sportscaster
1941 - Emma Nicholson, Baroness Nicholson of Winterbourne, English computer programmer and politician
1943 - Fred Turner, Canadian bassist (Bachman–Turner Overdrive)
1946 - Suzanne Somers, American actress
1947 - Bob Weir, American singer and musician
1947 - Terry Griffiths, Welsh snooker player
1947 - David Zucker, American director and screenwriter
1950 - Angry Grandpa, American internet personality (d. 2017)
1951 1975
1952 - Glenys Thornton, Baroness Thornton, English politician
1954 - Corinna Harfouch, German actress
1954 - Michael Forsyth, Baron Forsyth of Drumlean, Scottish politician
1956 - Marin Alsop, American conductor
1958 - Tim Robbins, American actor, director, and writer
1959 - Tessa Munt, English politician
1959 - John Whittingdale, English politician
1960 - Bob Mould, American singer and guitarist
1960 - Cressida Dick, English police officer, Head of the London Metropolitan Police
1960 - Guy LeBlanc, Canadian keyboardist and composer (d. 2015)
1961 - Yahiro Kazama, Japanese footballer
1962 - Manute Bol, Sudanese basketball player (d. 2010)
1962 - Dmitri Hvorostovsky, Russian opera singer (d. 2017)
1962 - Flea, Australian-American musician (Red Hot Chilli Peppers)
1964 - James Thompson, American-Finnish author (d. 2014)
1965 - Steve Lamacq, British DJ
1965 - Tom Tolbert, American basketball player
1966 - Stefan Reuter, German footballer
1967 - Davina McCall, English television presenter
1968 - Francesco Libetta, Italian pianist, composer and conductor
1970 - Mehmet Scholl, German footballer
1972 - Adrianne Frost, American comedienne, actress and author
1972 - Tomas Lindberg, Swedish singer-songwriter
1973 - Justin Credible, American wrestler
1973 - Thomas Myhre, Norwegian footballer
1974 - Paul Kariya, Canadian ice hockey player
1975 - Brynjar Gunnarsson, Icelandic footballer
1975 - Kellie Martin, American actress and director
From 1976
1977 - John Mayer, American singer-songwriter
1979 - Erin Brown, American actress, model, movie maker and musician
1982 - Prithotraj Sukumaran, Indian actor, producer and singer
1982 - Cristian Riveros, Paraguayan footballer
1982 - Frédéric Michalak, French rugby player
1983 - Rémi Ochlik, French photographer (d. 2012)
1983 - Philipp Kohlschreiber, German tennis player
1983 - Loreen, Swedish singer
1984 - Shayne Ward, English singer, winner of the 2005 X Factor
1985 - Verena Sailer, German sprinter
1985 - Casey Stoner, Australian motorcycle racer
1986 - Inna, Romanian singer
1986 - Craig Pickering, British sprinter
1988 - Zoltan Stieber, Hungarian footballer
1988 - Max Thieriot, American actor
1988 - Tumua Anae, American water polo player
1989 - Dan Biggar, Welsh rugby player
1990 - Johanna Gudrun Jonsdottir (Yohanna), Icelandic singer
1990 - Amina Sato, Japanese singer (AKB48)
1991 - Jedward, Irish pop singers
1992 - Viktorija Golubic, Swiss tennis player
1992 - Bryce Harper, American baseball player
1994 - Amelia Lily, English singer
1997 - Naomi Osaka, Japanese tennis player
2003 - Princess Kritika of Nepal, Nepalese princess
Deaths
Up to 1900
640 – Saint Gall, monk and missionary (b. around 550)
1333 - Antipope Nicholas V (b. 1260)
1355 - Louis, King of Sicily (b. 1337)
1396 - Agnolo Gaddi, Italian painter
1553 – Lucas Cranach the Elder, German painter (b. 1472)
1591 – Pope Gregory XIV (b. 1535)
1628 - Francois de Malherbe, French poet (b. 1555)
1655 - Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, Italian physician, mathematician and theorist (b. 1591)
1730 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French-American explorer and politician (b. 1658)
1750 - Sylvius Leopold Weiss, German composer (b. 1687)
1755 - Gerard Majella, Italian saint (b. 1725)
1791 – Grigory Potemkin, Russian general and statesman (b. 1739)
1793 – Marie Antoinette, Queen of France (b. 1755)
1793 - John Hunter, Scottish anatomist (b. 1728)
1796 – Victor Amadeus III of Savoy (b. 1726)
1799 - Veerapandiya Kattabomman, Indian activist (b. 1760)
1822 – Eva Marie Veigel, Austrian ballet dancer (b. 1724)
1888 – John Wentworth, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1815)
1901 2000
1913 - Ralph Rose, American athlete (b. 1885)
1937 - Jean de Brunhoff, French poet and playwright (b. 1899)
1944 – Jon Sveinsson, Icelandic writer (b. 1857)
1946 - Nazi war criminals executed following Nuremberg trials:
Joachim von Ribbentrop, German politician (b. 1893)
Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Austrian Nazi leader (b. 1892)
Julius Streicher, German propagandist (b. 1884)
Alfred Jodl, German military officer (b. 1890)
Ernst Kaltenbrunner, SS officer (b. 1903)
1947 - Jean de Brunhoff, French poet and playwright (b. 1899)
1951 – Liaquat Ali Khan, Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1895)
1952 - Ghulam Bhik Nairang, Indian-Pakistani Muslim leader and poet (b. 1876)
1954 – Jules Rimet, French football administrator (b. 1873)
1959 – George Marshall, United States Secretary of State (b. 1880)
1962 - Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (b. 1884)
1966 - George O'Hara, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1899)
1971 - Robin Boyd, Australian architect (b. 1919)
1973 - Gene Krupa, American drummer and composer (b. 1909)
1975 - Vittorio Gui, Italian conductor and composer (b. 1885)
1981 - Moshe Dayan, Israeli general (b. 1915)
1982 – Mario del Monaco, Italian tenor (b. 1915)
1983 - Jakob Gotovac, Croatian composer (b. 1895)
1983 - Willi Ritschard, Swiss politician (b. 1918)
1989 - Cornel Wilde, American actor (b. 1915)
1990 – Art Blakey, American jazz drummer (b. 1919)
1991 - Ole Beich, Danish bass player (b. 1955)
1992 - Shirley Booth, American actress and singer (b. 1898)
1997 – James Michener, American writer (b. 1907)
From 2001
2003 – Laszlo Papp, Hungarian boxer (b. 1926)
2004 - Pierre Salinger, White House Press Secretary (b. 1925)
2006 – Valentin Paniagua Corazao, President of Peru (b. 1936)
2007 – Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress (b. 1921)
2007 – Tose Proeski, Macedonian singer (b. 1981)
2010 – Barbara Billingsley, American actress (b. 1915)
2011 – Dan Wheldon, British auto racer (b. 1978)
2012 - Eddie Yost, American baseball player (b. 1926)
2013 - Ed Lauter, American actor (b. 1938)
2014 - John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough, English peer (b. 1926)
2014 - Patrick Paul D'Souza, Indian bishop (b. 1928)
2014 - Sumi Haru, American actress (b. 1939)
2014 - Tim Hauser, American musician (b. 1941)
2015 - Ralph Andrews, American television producer (b. 1928)
2015 - Francesc de Paula Burguera, Spanish journalist (b. 1928)
2016 - Anthony Foley, Irish rugby player and coach (b. 1973)
2016 - Kigeli V, former King of Rwanda (b. 1936)
2016 - Arsen Pavlov, Russian soldier (b. 1983)
2017 - Roy Dotrice, English actor (b. 1923)
2017 - Sean Hughes, Irish actor and comedian (b. 1965)
2017 - Daphne Caruana Galizia, Maltese blogger and journalist (b. 1964)
2017 - John Dunsworth, Canadian actor (b. 1946)
Observances
Teacher's Day (Poland, Chile)
World Food Day (FAO)
Air Force Day (Bulgaria)
World Anesthesia Day
Days of the year |
9809 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1794 | 1794 |
Events
Whiskey Rebellion
Births
February 21 – Antonio López de Santa Anna |
9813 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/September%2018 | September 18 |
Events
Up to 1900
41 - Tiberius is confirmed as Roman Emperor by the Roman Senate following the natural death of Augustus Caesar on August 19.
96 – Nerva becomes Roman Emperor, after the murder of Domitian.
324 - Constantine I decisively defeats Licinius in the Battle of Chrysopolis, establishing his own control over the whole Roman Empire.
1180 - Philip Augustus becomes King of France.
1502 – Christopher Columbus lands in present-day Costa Rica on his final voyage.
1635 - Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor declares war on France.
1679 - New Hampshire becomes a county of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
1714 - George I of Great Britain arrives in Great Britain for the first time since becoming King on August 1.
1739 - The Treaty of Belgrade is signed, giving Belgrade to the Roman Empire.
1759 - Seven Years' War: The British capture Quebec City.
1793 – The first cornerstone for the US Capitol building is laid by George Washington.
1809 - The Royal Opera House in London opens.
1810 – The process towards Chilean independence begins with the formation of the first government junta.
1812 - The 1812 Fire of Moscow dies down after destroying three quarters (75%) of the city.
1814 - The Congress of Vienna begins, with discussions on a new order in Europe.
1851 - First publication of what later becomes The New York Times.
1870 – The Old Faithful Geyser at Yellowstone is first observed by Henry D. Washburn.
1872 – Oscar II of Sweden and Norway becomes King.
1882 - The Pacific Stock Exchange opens.
1895 - Daniel David Palmer gives the first chiropractic adjustment.
1901 2000
1906 – A Typhoon and Tsunami kill around 10,000 people in Hong Kong.
1910 - 25,000 people demonstrate in Amsterdam for equal voting rights.
1911 - Russian Premier Pyotr Stolypin is shot at the Kiev Opera House.
1914 - The Irish Home Rule Act becomes law, but is delayed until after World War I.
1914 - World War I: South African troops land in what was then German South West Africa (now Namibia).
1919 – Women in the Netherlands gain the right to vote.
1922 - Hungary is admitted to the League of Nations.
1927 - The Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) goes on the air.
1939 – World War II: The Polish government under Ignacy Moscicki flees to Romania.
1940 - World War II: British steamer City of Benares is torpedoed by German U-boat U-48 on Rockall sandbank, killing 248 people.
1947 – The U.S. Air Force is formed as a group split from the U.S. Army.
1947 – The CIA is founded.
1952 – Charlie Chaplin leaves the United States and is barred, by J. Edgar Hoover, from ever entering the country again.
1960 - Fidel Castro arrives in New York City as the head of a Cuban delegation of the United Nations.
1961 – UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld is killed in a plane crash in what is now the border region between Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on his way to the war-torn Katanga region.
1962 – Rwanda, Burundi, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago join the UN.
1964 - Constantine II of Greece marries Anne-Marie of Denmark.
1964 - The North Vietnamese army begins infiltrating South Vietnam.
1970 – American guitarist Jimi Hendrix dies in London, aged 27.
1973 - East Germany, West Germany and the Bahamas join the United Nations.
1974 – Hurricane Fifi kills thousands of people in Honduras.
1975 – Newspaper heiress Patty Hearst is arrested.
1977 - Voyager 1 takes the first photograph of the Earth and the Moon together.
1981 - Capital punishment is banned in France.
1982 - Christian militia kill 600 Palestinians in Lebanon.
1984 - Joe Kittinger completes the first solo balloon crossing of the Atlantic Ocean.
1987 - Jerzy Kukuczka becomes the second mountaineer to climb all 14 peak over 8000 meters high.
1988 – Saw Maung seizes power in Burma, overthrowing Maung Maung Kha.
1990 – Liechtenstein joins the UN.
1991 - Yugoslavia begins a naval blockade of seven of its port cities on the Adriatic Sea coast.
1994 - A volcano erupts on the island of New Britain in Papua New Guinea, destroying the island's capital, Rabaul.
1997 - A narrow majority of voters in Wales supports devolution in a referendum.
1998 – The ferry Princess of the Orient sinks in heavy wind, in the Philippines, killing 180 people.
From 2001
2005 – Afghanistan holds its first election after the Taliban was overthrown.
2005 – The SPD-Green Party coalition government loses its majority in the German Bundestag in the German election. Angela Merkel of the CDU becomes Germany's first female chancellor two months later, leading a grand coalition.
2006 – Right wing protesters riot outside the Hungarian television building in Budapest, after the release of an audio tape in which Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsany admits lying during the 2006 election campaign.
2013 - Tony Abbott becomes the 28th Prime Minister of Australia.
2014 - Scottish independence referendum, 2014: A majority of voters (55.3%) support Scotland remaining part of the United Kingdom, with 44.7% voting for independence.
2015 - The 2015 Rugby union World Cup in England and Wales begins.
2016 - 17 Indian army personnel are killed in a grenade attack at a military base in Indian-controlled Kashmir.
2016 - The 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, come to an end, with China topping the medal table and Great Britain finishing second.
2019 - 27 people are killed in a fire at a boarding school in Monrovia, Liberia.
Births
Up to 1800
53 – Trajan, Roman Emperor (d. 117)
1434 – Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1467)
1495 - Louis X, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1545)
1587 - Francesco Caccini, Italian singer-songwriter and lute player (d. 1640)
1606 - Zhang Xianzhong, Chinese peasant revolt leader (d. 1647)
1643 - Gilbert Burnet, Scottish bishop, historian and theologian (d. 1715)
1676 - Eberhard Louis, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1733)
1684 – Johann Gottfried Walther, German composer (d. 1748)
1709 – Samuel Johnson, English writer and lexicographer (d. 1784)
1733 - George Reid, American politician, 3rd Governor of Delaware (d. 1798)
1750 – Tomás de Iriarte, Spanish writer (d. 1791)
1752 – Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician (d. 1833)
1765 – Pope Gregory XVI (d. 1846)
1779 - Joseph Story, American jurist (d. 1845)
1786 – Christian VIII of Denmark, King of Denmark (d. 1848)
1786 - Justinus Kerner, German poet and author (d. 1862)
1801 1900
1804 - John Steell, Scottish sculptor (d. 1891)
1806 - Heinrich Traube, German writer (d. 1884)
1812 - Herschel Vespasian Johnson, American politician, 41st Governor of Georgia (d. 1880)
1817 - Mihail Kogalniceanu, Romanian politician and historian (d. 1891)
1819 – Léon Foucault, French physicist (d. 1868)
1831 - Siegfried Marcus, German-Austrian inventor (d. 1898)
1846 – Richard With, Norwegian businessman, politician and captain, founder of Hurtigruten (d. 1930)
1854 - Fiorentino Ameghino, Argentine naturalist and anthropologist (d. 1911)
1859 – John Bates, 41st Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1946)
1860 - Alberto Franchetti, Italian composer (d. 1942)
1862 - Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria (d. 1933)
1870 - Clark Wissler, American anthropologist (d. 1947)
1872 - Carl Friedberg, German-Italian pianist and educator (d. 1955)
1876 – James Scullin, 9th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1953)
1878 - James O. Richardson, American admiral (d. 1974)
1883 - Gerald Tyrwhit-Wilson, 14th Baron Berners, English composer, author and painter (d. 1950)
1885 - Uzeyir Haribeyov, Azerbaijani composer, conductor and playwright (d. 1948)
1888 - Toni Wolff, Swiss psychologist (d. 1953)
1888 – Grey Owl, English-Canadian conservationist (d. 1938)
1891 - Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich of Russia (d. 1942)
1894 - Fay Compton, English actress (d. 1978)
1895 – Tomoji Tanabe, Japanese supercentenarian (d. 2009)
1895 – John Diefenbaker, Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1979)
1895 - Grégoire-Pierre Agagianian, Armenian Catholic Church leader (d. 1971)
1900 – Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, first Prime Minister of Mauritius and Governor-General of Mauritius (d. 1985)
1900 - Mahmoud Fawzi, Egyptian diplomat and politician (d. 1981)
1901 1950
1905 – Greta Garbo, Swedish actress (d. 1990)
1905 - Agnes de Mille, American dancer and choreographer (d. 1993)
1906 - Julio Rosales, Filipino cardinal (d. 1983)
1907 - Edwin McMillan, American physicist (d. 1991)
1908 - Victor Ambartsumian, Armenian astronomer and astrophysicist (d. 1996)
1911 – Edwin McMillan, American physicist (d. 1991)
1914 – Jack Cardiff, British movie director (d. 2009)
1916 - Rossano Brazzi, Italian actor, singer, director and screenwriter (d. 1994)
1916 - Mercedes Salisachs, Spanish actress (d. 2014)
1917 - June Foray, American voice actress (d. 2017)
1917 - Phil Taylor, English footballer (d. 2012)
1917 - Francis Parker Yockey, American lawyer and philosopher (d. 1960)
1917 - Jozsef Asboth, Hungarian tennis player (d. 1986)
1921 - Kamal Hassan Ali, Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 1993)
1922 - Grayson Hall, American actress (d. 1985)
1922 - Laurens van Ravens, Belgian football referee (d. 2018)
1923 – Queen Anne of Romania, last queen of Romania (d. 2016)
1923 - Peter Smithson, English architect (d. 2003)
1930 - Ignatius Moses I Daoud, Syrian cardinal (d. 2012)
1931 - Julio Grondona, Argentine football official (d. 2014)
1932 - Nikolay Rukavishnikov, Russian physicist and astronaut (d. 2002)
1933 - Leonid Kharitonov, Russian opera singer (d. 2017)
1933 - Scotty Bowman, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1933 - Bob Bennett, former United States Senator from Utah (d. 2016)
1934 - Kurt Malangré, German politician (d. 2018)
1939 – Jorge Sampaio, former President of Portugal
1939 - Abbas El Fassi, former Prime Minister of Morocco
1940 - Frankie Avalon, American musician
1942 - Gabriella Ferri, Italian singer (d. 2004)
1942 - Alex Stepney, English footballer
1944 - Veronica Carlson, British actor (d. 2022)
1944 - Charles L. Veach, American colonel, pilot and astronaut (d. 1995)
1946 - Jimmy O'Rourke, Scottish footballer
1947 - Giancarlo Minardi, Italian businessman
1948 - Lynn Abbey, American computer programmer and author
1949 - C. K. Menon, Indian businessman and politician (d. 2019)
1949 – Mo Mowlam, English politician (d. 2005)
1949 – Peter Shilton, English footballer
1950 - Chris Heister, Swedish politician
1951 1975
1951 - Ben Carson, American neurosurgeon and politician
1952 – Dee Dee Ramone, American musician (The Ramones) (d. 2002)
1954 – Takao Doi, Japanese astronaut
1954 - Murtaza Bhutto, Pakistani politician (d. 1996)
1954 - Steven Pinker, Canadian psychologist, linguist and author
1954 - Dennis Johnson, American basketball player and coach
1954 - Einar Mar Gudmundsson, Icelandic writer
1955 - Paul Butler, English bishop
1956 - Tom McInnerny, English actor
1957 - Philip May, English investment banker, husband of Theresa May
1958 - Rachid Taha, Algerian singer and activist (d. 2018)
1961 – James Gandolfini, American actor (d. 2013)
1962 - Joanne Catherall, English singer (The Human League)
1962 - John Fashanu, English footballer
1962 - John Mann, Canadian actor, singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2019)
1963 - John Powell, English-Canadian composer and conductor
1963 - Dan Povenmire, American television director, writer, producer and actor
1964 - Marco Masini, Italian singer-songwriter
1964 - Holly Robinson Peete, American actress and singer
1967 - Tara Fitzgerald, English actress
1968 - Upendra, Indian actor, singer, director and screenwriter
1968 - Toni Kukoc, Croatian basketball player
1970 - Aisha Tyler, American actress, television host and author
1970 – Darren Gough, English cricketer
1971 – Anna Netrebko, Russian-Austrian opera singer
1971 – Jada Pinkett Smith, American actress and model
1971 – Lance Armstrong, American cyclist
1972 - Michael Landes, American actor
1972 - Iain Stewart, Scottish politician
1973 - James Marsden, American actor
1973 - Louise Sauvage, Australian wheelchair racer
1973 – Mark Shuttleworth, South African entrepreneur
1974 – Sol Campbell, English footballer
1974 – Xzibit, American rapper
1975 - Jason Sudeikis, American actor
From 1976
1976 - Sophina Brown, American actress
1976 - Ronaldo, Brazilian footballer
1977 - Barrett Foa, American actor
1977 - Li Tie, Chinese footballer and manager
1978 - Neil Entwistle, English murderer
1979 – Daniel Aranzubia, Spanish footballer
1979 - Junichi Inamoto, Japanese footballer
1980 - Charles Hedger, British guitarist
1981 – Andrea Caracciolo, Italian footballer
1981 – Jennifer Tisdale, American actress and model
1983 – Kevin Doyle, Irish footballer
1983 - Yuzo Kurihara, Japanese footballer
1984 - Jack Carpenter, American actor
1984 - Dizzee Rascal, English rapper
1984 - Travis Outlaw, American basketball player
1985 - Pete Cashmore, Scottish blogger
1986 - Cammy Bell, Scottish footballer
1986 - Keeley Hazell, English model and actress
1988 – Annette Obrestad, Norwegian poker player
1989 – Chris Eubank Jr., British professional boxer
1989 - Serge Ibaka, Congolese-Spanish basketball player
1990 – Lewis Holtby, German footballer
1992 - Amber Liu, American-South Korean singer and dancer
1993 - Patrick Schwarzenegger, American model and actor
1995 - Max Meyer, German footballer
1996 - C. J. Sanders, American football player
1998 - Christian Pulisic, American soccer player
Deaths
Up to 1900
96 – Domitian, Roman Emperor (b. 51)
411 - Constantine III, Roman general and emperor
887 - Pietro I Candiano, 16th Doge of Venice (b. 842)
1180 – King Louis VII of France (b. 1120)
1361 - Louis V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1315)
1598 – Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Japanese warlord (b. 1536)
1675 - Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1605)
1783 – Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician (b. 1707)
1792 - August Gottlieb Spangenberg, German bishop and theologian (b. 1704)
1797 - Lazare Hoche, French general (b. 1768)
1819 - John Langdon, American politician (b. 1743)
1857 - Karol Kurpinski, Polish composer and conductor (b. 1785)
1860 - Joseph Locke, English engineer (b. 1805)
1872 – King Charles XV of Sweden/IV of Norway (b. 1826)
1891 – José Manuel Balmaceda, President of Chile (b. 1840)
1896 - Hippolyte Fizeau, French physicist (b. 1819)
1901 2000
1904 – Herbert von Bismarck, son of Otto von Bismarck (b. 1849)
1905 - George MacDonald, Scottish minister, author and poet (b. 1894)
1909 - Grigore Tocilescu, Romanian archaeologist and historian (b. 1850)
1911 – Pyotr Stolypin, Russian politician (b. 1862)
1924 – Francis Herbert Bradley, English mathematician (b. 1846)
1939 - Stanislaw Ignacy Witkiewicz, Polish author, painter and photographer (b. 1885)
1941 - Fred Karno, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1866)
1953 - Charles de Tornaco, Belgian racing driver (b. 1927)
1954 - Johannes Drost, Dutch swimmer (b. 1880)
1956 - Adélard Godbout, Canadian politician, 15th Premier of Quebec (b. 1892)
1958 - Olaf Gulbransson, Norwegian painter and illustrator (b. 1893)
1959 - Harvey Glatman, American serial killer (executed by gas chamber; b. 1927)
1961 – Dag Hammarskjöld, Swedish United Nations Secretary-General and distinguished economist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1905)
1967 – John Cockcroft, British physicist (b. 1897)
1970 – Jimi Hendrix, American musician (b. 1942)
1980 - Katherine Anne Porter, American journalist and author (b. 1890)
1987 – Américo Tomas, President of Portugal (b. 1894)
1992 - Mohammad Hidayatullah, 6th Vice President of India (b. 1905)
1992 - Princess Margaret of Denmark (b. 1895)
1994 – Vitas Gerulaitis, American tennis player (b. 1954)
1996 - Annabella, French actress (b. 1907)
From 2001
2002 – Mauro Ramos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1930)
2004 - Russ Meyer, American filmmaker (b. 1922)
2006 - Edward J. King, American politician, 66th Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1925)
2008 – Mauricio Kagel, Argentine composer (b. 1931)
2009 – Irving Kristol, American columnist and journalist (b. 1920)
2012 - Santiago Carrillo, Spanish politician (b. 1915)
2013 - Marcel Reich-Ranicki, German writer and literary critic (b. 1920)
2013 - Ken Norton, American boxer (b. 1943)
2014 - Kenny Wheeler, Canadian jazz trumpeter (b. 1930)
2014 - George Radwanski, Canadian journalist and civil servant (b. 1947)
2014 - Earl Ross, Canadian racing driver (b. 1941)
2015 - Mario Benjamín Menéndez, Argentine general and Governor of the Falkland Islands (b. 1930)
2015 - Eduardo Bonvallet, Chilean footballer (b. 1955)
2015 - Marcin Wrona, Polish movie and television director (b. 1973)
2015 - Nancy Bernstein, American visual effects and movie producer (b. 1960)
2016 - C. Martin Croker, American actor (b. 1962)
2017 - Jean Plaskie, Belgian footballer (b. 1941)
2017 - Chuck Low, American actor (b. 1928)
2017 - Afzal Ahsan Randhawa, Pakistani writer (b. 1937)
2018 - David DiChiera, American composer (b. 1935)
2018 - Marceline Loridan-Ivens, French writer and film director (b. 1928)
2018 - Jean Piat, French actor (b. 1924)
2018 - Richard M. Pollack, American mathematician (b. 1935)
2018 - Robert Venturi, American architect (b. 1925)
2018 - Norifumi Yamamoto, Japanese martial artist (b. 1977)
2019 - Graeme Gibson, Canadian novelist and union leader (b. 1934)
2019 - Tony Mills, English singer and musician (b. 1962)
2019 - Shyam Ramsay, Indian film director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1952)
2019 - Fernando Ricksen, Dutch footballer (b. 1976)
2020 - Ruth Bader Ginsburg, American jurist (b. 1933)
Observances
Independence Day (Chile)
Indigenous Language Day (Okinawa)
Days of the year |
9817 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz | Quartz | Quartz is a tectosilicate mineral that is the second most common mineral in Earth's continental crust. Its crystal structure is a framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra. Each shares an oxygen atom with another tetrahedron, so the overall chemical formula is SiO2 or silica.
It's name is derived from the German quarz, which sounds the same but is spelled without a t.
There are many different varieties of quartz, some of which are semi-precious gemstones. They have been used for a long time to make jewelry and hardstone carvings. Agate, amethyst, rose quartz are all forms of quartz.
Quartz crystals are used in oscillators, for example in quartz clocks. People also extract the silicon to make semiconductors.
The majority of sand is small quartz bits. Quartz has a mineral hardness of 7. (mohs scale).
The word "quartz" comes from the German word "quarz".
'Fused quartz' is glass made of silica in non-crystalline form. It does not contain other ingredients that are added to other glass to lower the melting point. Fused silica has high working and melting temperatures. For some purposes, fused quartz is better than other types of glass due to its purity. The glass is used in a number of high-tech products.
Quartz comes in many different types such as clear quartz, smoky quartz, tiger's eye, lemon quartz and many more. There are many microcrystalline types of quartz, like Jasper, Onyx, Agate and Carnelian.
Shocked quartz
Shocked quartz is a form of quartz that has a microscopic structure different from normal quartz. Under intense pressure (but limited temperature), the crystalline structure of quartz is deformed along planes inside the crystal. These planes show up as lines under a microscope.
Shocked quartz is found worldwide, especially in impact craters and in the thin Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary layer. This is at the contact between Cretaceous and Paleogene rocks. It is further evidence (in addition to iridium enrichment) that the transition between the two geologic periods was caused by a large impact. Eugene Shoemaker discovered it in building stones in the Bavarian town of Nördlingen. The stones were from shocked metamorphic rocks, such as breccia, of a meteor crater.
Related pages
Time crystal
References
Minerals |
9818 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink%20Floyd | Pink Floyd | Pink Floyd were an English rock band that became famous in the 1960s and 1970s. They performed for more than 30 years, and have sold more than 200 million (200,000,000) albums. They are famous for their live shows and deep music. Most of their albums are concept albums, which means every song is linked through a theme. Their first album was The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, which was released in 1967. Their latest album is The Endless River, which was released in November 2014. The band were named after the blues artists Pink Anderson and Floyd Council by Syd Barrett, one of the band's founder members. In 2005, they played at a concert called Live Aid after 24 years of not playing together. The line up was David Gilmour, Roger Waters, Nick Mason and Richard Wright. They have made some very popular albums including The Dark Side of the Moon, which was released in 1973 and The Wall, which was released in 1979. After Richard Wright died in 2008, David Gilmour has said that he does not want to reunite, despite Roger saying he might want to. It is now believed that David Gilmour and Roger Waters are friends after becoming enemies for a long time.
Early history
Syd Barrett started the group, and played guitar and sang in the band. He left soon after, at the start of 1968, because of a mental illness that was made worse by heavy drug use. The other people in the band were Roger Waters (bass guitar and vocals), David Gilmour (lead guitar and vocals), Richard Wright (keyboard and vocals), and Nick Mason (drums). David Gilmour joined the band in 1968. Roger Waters quit the band in 1985.
During most of their career, they played a kind of rock music that some people call progressive rock.
Later history
The original members of Pink Floyd met in an architectural college. The band started as a blues band. Later, under Syd Barrett's leadership, they played music that was psychedelic in style. After Barrett left the band, they started to play longer and more complicated songs, and to play at a lot of colleges and universities. Soon, they were famous as studio musicians who loved to experiment with music. On the album Atom Heart Mother, from 1970, they used a brass band and a choir.
They used a lot of things to make their concerts interesting to watch. They had a round movie screen on the stage. They would show videos on the screen when they played. They also used lighting and lasers in a much fancier way than many bands do. They also had big balloon puppets. The most famous is in the shape of a pig, which first appeared on the cover for their album, Animals. The pig has since become a symbol of Pink Floyd. Another symbol that reminds people of Pink Floyd is a prism with light shining through it. This was on the cover of Dark Side of the Moon, one of their most popular albums. The album was released in 1973, and stayed on music charts for a very long time. Millions of people bought it.
The album The Wall, recorded in 1979, was also famous. It was made into a movie, directed by Alan Parker, in 1982. That album is important to the history of the group. It talks about the distance they put between them and their fans. It was the last album they all worked on together before starting to split up.
Roger Waters forced Richard Wright to leave the band in 1979, but Wright came back in 1987, after Waters quit. Waters tried to sue the other members so that they could not call themselves Pink Floyd without him, but he did not succeed. Because of this and other reasons, there was a lot of anger and bitterness between Waters and the other members of the band, especially Gilmour.
Pink Floyd without Roger Waters
The last album of new songs that Pink Floyd released is called The Division Bell. It was made in 1994, when Pink Floyd also played their last concert tour. The very last time that Pink Floyd played was in 2005, as part of the Live 8 concerts for charity. Waters sang with the band for the first time since leaving the band. It was a big surprise to many people who thought Pink Floyd would never play together again, especially not with Roger Waters.
Syd Barrett died of pancreatic cancer in 2006. Richard Wright died of cancer in 2008.
In 2014, Pink Floyd released their first album in over 20 years: The Endless River.
Discography
The Piper at the Gates of Dawn (1967)
A Saucerful of Secrets (1968)
More (1969)
Ummagumma (studio & live album) (1969)
Atom Heart Mother (1970)
Meddle (1971)
Obscured by Clouds (1972)
Dark Side Of The Moon (1973)
Wish You Were Here (1975)
Animals (1977)
The Wall (1979)
The Final Cut (1983)
A Momentary Lapse of Reason (1987)
Delicate Sound of Thunder (live album) (1988)
The Division Bell (1994)
Pulse (live album) (1995)
Is There Anybody Out There? – The Wall Live 1980-81 (live album) (2000)
The Endless River (2014)
Other websites
Pink Floyd's UK site
Pink Floyd's U.S. site
Another Link on the Wall - A large collection of fan sites, news resources and other websites, updated regularly.
Musical groups established in 1965
1965 establishments in England
Musical groups disestablished in 1994
1990s disestablishments in England
1960s British music groups
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
English rock bands
Musical groups from London
Progressive rock bands |
9819 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope%20John%20Paul%20I | Pope John Paul I | Pope John Paul I (; , 17 October 1912 – 28 September 1978), born Albino Luciani, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 264th Pope for 33 days in 1978. His name was a combination of the names of the two popes who came before him. The name "John Paul" honors Pope John XXIII who made him a bishop and Pope Paul VI who raised him to the rank of cardinal.
Early life
Luciani was born in Canale d'Agordo, a small town between Venice and the Austrian border with Italy. His father was a migrant worker in Switzerland.
Priest
Luciani began his priesthood in the parishes of his home region. In 1937, he became a professor of theology and vice-rector of Belluno seminary.
Bishop
He was made Bishop of Vittorio Veneto in 1969. He understood his role as bishop in a modest way:
Cardinal
In 1972, Pope Paul VI made Luciani a cardinal. and the Patriarch of Venice.
Pope
Cardinal Luciani was elected Pope in 1978, John Paul I was the first pope to combine the names of John and Paul as a Pope as his way of paying tribute to Pope John XXIII and Pope Paul VI. He was the first Pope to call himself by a new name since Pope Lando in 913.
He was known as "the Smiling Pope".
Death
John Paul I died of a heart attack on 28 September 1978, 33 days after his election.
Selected works
In a list made of writings by and about John Paul I, OCLC/WorldCat has over 250 works in 370 publications in 17 languages and 11,300 library holdings.
Illustrissimi (1978)
Related pages
List of popes
List of popes by length of reign
References
More reading
Cornwell, John. (1989). A Thief in the Night: the Death of Pope John Paul I. New York: Simon & Schuster. ; OCLC 20013469
Seabeck, Raymond, ed. (2004). The Smiling Pope: the Life and Teaching of John Paul I. Huntington, Indiana: Our Sunday Visitor Publishing Division. ; OCLC 438570516
Other websites
Catholic Hierarchy, Pope John Paul I
Vatican webpage, John Paul I biography
Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, Cardinal Luciani
1912 births
1978 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Italian popes
People from Veneto
Servants of God |
9820 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/October%2017 | October 17 |
Events
Up to 1900
1091 – London tornado of 1091: A tornado thought to be of strength T8/F4 strikes the heart of London.
1346 – The English capture King David II of Scotland at Neville's Cross and imprison him for eleven years.
1448 – An Ottoman army defeats a Hungarian army at the Second Battle of Kosovo.
1456 – The University of Greifswald is established as the second oldest university in northern Europe.
1534 – Anti-Catholic posters appear in Paris and other cities supporting Huldrych Zwingli's position on the Mass.
1558 – Poczta Polska, the Polish postal service, is founded.
1604 – Kepler's Supernova is observed in the constellation of Ophiuchus.
1610 – French king Louis XIII is crowned in Reims Cathedral.
1660 – The Nine regicides who signed the death warrant of Charles I of England are hanged, drawn and quartered.
1662 – Charles II of England sells Dunkirk to France for 40,000 pounds.
1771 – Premiere in Milan of the opera Ascanio in Alba, composed by Mozart at age 15.
1777 – American Revolutionary War: British General John Burgoyne surrenders his army at Saratoga, New York.
1781 – American Revolutionary War: British General Charles, Earl Cornwallis surrenders at the Siege of Yorktown.
1800 – War of the Second Coalition: Britain takes control of the Dutch colony of Curaçao.
1806 – Former leader of the Haitian Revolution, Emperor Jacques I, is assassinated after an oppressive rule.
1814 – Eight people die in the London Beer Flood.
1817 – The tomb of Pharaoh Seti I is discovered.
1827 – Bellini's third opera, Il pirata, is premiered at Milan.
1860 – First The Open Championship (referred to in North America as the British Open).
1861 – Aborigines kill Nineteen Europeans in the Cullin-la-ringo massacre.
1888 – Thomas Edison files a patent for the Optical Phonograph (the first movie).
1901 – 2000
1907 – Marconi begins the first commercial transatlantic wireless service.
1912 – Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia declare war on the Ottoman Empire, joining Montenegro in the First Balkan War.
1919 – RCA is incorporated as the Radio Corporation of America.
1931 – Al Capone is convicted of income tax evasion.
1933 – Albert Einstein flees Nazi Germany and moves to the United States.
1940 – The body of Communist propagandist Willi Münzenberg found in South France, starting a never-resolved mystery.
1941 – World War II: The USS Kearny becomes the first US Navy vessel to be torpedoed by a U-boat.
1943 – The Burma Railway (Burma–Thailand Railway) is completed.
1943 – Holocaust in Poland: Sobibór extermination camp is closed.
1945 – A massive demonstration in Buenos Aires, Argentina, demands Juan Perón's release.
1956 – The first commercial nuclear power station is officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II in Sellafield, England.
1956 – Bobby Fischer defeats Donald Byrne in the chess Game of the Century.
1961 – Directed by their chief Maurice Papon, Paris police massacre scores of Algerian protesters.
1965 – The 1964–65 New York World's Fair closes after two years and more than 51 million attendees.
1966 – The 23rd Street Fire in New York City kills 12 firefighters.
1970 – FLQ terrorists murder Quebec Vice-Premier and Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte.
1973 – OPEC imposes an oil embargo against countries they deem to have helped Israel in the Yom Kippur War.
1977 – The hijacked Lufthansa Flight 181 lands in Mogadishu. The remaining hostages are later rescued.
1979 – Mother Teresa is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
1979 – The Department of Education Organization Act creates the US Department of Education.
1980 – As part of the Holy See–United Kingdom relations a British monarch makes the first state visit to the Vatican
1989 – The 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake shakes the San Francisco Bay Area and the Central Coast, killing Sixty-three.
1989 – The East German Politburo votes to remove Erich Honecker from his role as General Secretary.
1992 – Having gone to the wrong house, Japanese student Yoshihiro Hattori is killed by the homeowner in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
1994 – Russian journalist Dmitry Kholodov is assassinated while investigating corruption in the armed forces.
2000 – The Hatfield rail crash leads to the collapse of Railtrack.
2001 onwards
2001 – Israeli tourism minister Rehavam Ze'evi becomes the first Israeli minister to be assassinated in a terrorist attack.
2003 – Taipei 101, a 101-floor skyscraper in Taipei, becomes the world's tallest highrise.
2006 – The population of the United States officially reaches 300 million.
2018 – The recreational use of cannabis is legalized in Canada.
2018 – Kerch Polytechnic College attack in Crimea.
Births
Up to 1800
503 – Lý Nam Đế, first emperor of Vietnam (d. 548)
1253 – Ivo of Kermartin, French priest and saint (d. 1303)
1493 – Bartolommeo Bandinelli, Italian sculptor (d. 1560)
1500 – Alonso de Orozco Mena, Spanish Roman Catholic priest (d. 1591)
1577 – Cristofano Allori, Italian painter (d. 1621)
1577 – Dmitry Pozharsky, Russian prince (d. 1642)
1582 – Johann Gerhard, German theologian and academic (d. 1637)
1587 – Nathan Field, English dramatist and actor (d. 1620)
1623 – Francis Turretin, Swiss-Italian minister, theologian, and academic (d. 1687)
1629 – Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias (d. 1646)
1688 – Domenico Zipoli, Italian missionary and composer (d. 1726)
1711 – Jupiter Hammon, American poet (d. 1806)
1719 – Jacques Cazotte, French author and academic (d. 1792)
1720 – Maria Teresa Agnesi Pinottini, Italian harpsichord player and composer (d. 1795)
1725 – John Wilkes, English journalist and politician (d. 1797)
1729 – Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny, French composer and academic (d. 1817)
1735 – Franz Xaver Feuchtmayer the Younger, German Baroque artist (d. 1803)
1759 – Andrey Voronikhin, Russian architect and painter (d. 1814)
1760 – Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon, French economist and philosopher (d. 1825)
1760 – Henri de Saint-Simon, French political and economic theorist (d. 1825)
1768 – Sophie von Dönhoff, morganatic spouse by bigamy to King Frederick William II of Prussia (d. 1838)
1779 – Louis Charles, French prince of the blood (d. 1808)
1779 – José Andrés Pacheco de Melo, Argetine statesman and priest (d. approx. 1820)
1780 – Richard Mentor Johnson, ninth Vice President of the United States (d. 1850)
1781 – Johann Friedrich Meckel, German anatomist (d. 1833)
1784 – Fructuoso Rivera, first president of Uruguay (d. 1854)
1785 – Christen Smith, Norwegian scientist (d. 1816)
1792 – John Bowring, English polyglot and governor of Hong Kong (d. 1826)
1797 – Juan Lavalle, Argentine politician (d. 1841)
1801 – 1900
1803 – Ferenc Deák, Hungarian politician (d. 1876)
1810 – Adolphe-Félix Cals, French painter (d. 1880)
1811 – Albertus van Raalte, Dutch-American pastor and educator (d. 1876)
1813 – Georg Büchner, German-Swiss poet and playwright (d. 1837)
1814 – Yakiv Holovatsky, Ukrainian historian, scholar, and poet (d. 1888)
1817 – Syed Ahmad Khan, Indian philosopher and scholar (d. 1898)
1821 – Alexander Gardner, Scottish photographer (d. 1882)
1828 – Aureliano Maestre de San Juan, Spanish scientist (d. 1890)
1833 – José E. Días, Paraguayan general (d. 1867)
1835 – Louis-Léon Cugnot, French sculptor (d. 1894)
1835 – Paul Haenlein, German mechanical engineer (d.1905)
1840 – André Gill, French caricaturist (d. 1885)
1844 – Gustave Schlumberger, French historian (d. 1929)
1845 – John J. Gardner, American politician (d. 1921)
1853 – Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (d. 1920)
1859 – Childe Hassam, American painter and illustrator (d. 1935)
1860 – Henry Campbell Black, founder of Black's Law Dictionary (d. 1927)
1864 – Elinor Glyn, English author, screenwriter, and producer (d. 1943)
1865 – James Rudolph Garfield, American lawyer and politician, 23rd United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 1950)
1867 – Josep Puig i Cadafalch, Catalan architect who designed the Casa Martí (d. 1956)
1871 – Segundo de Chomón, Spanish cinematographer, director, and screenwriter (d.1929)
1876 – Hippolyte Aucouturier, French cyclist (d. 1944)
1878 – Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, Spanish politician and 17th Duke of Alba (d. 1953)
1880 – Jesús Reyes Ferreira, Mexican artist and art collector (d. 1977)
1881 – Maria Dulęba, Polish actress (d. 1959)
1883 – Alexander Neill, Scottish educator (d. 1973)
1883 – Thaddeus Shideler, American hurdler (d. 1966)
1886 – Spring Byington, American actress (d. 1971)
1889 – Mikha'il Na'ima, Lebanese author (d. 1988)
1890 – Roy Kilner, English cricketer (d. 1928)
1892 – Theodor Eicke, German SS general (d. 1943)
1892 – Herbert Howells, English organist, composer, and educator (d. 1983)
1893 – Raffaele Bendandi, Italian clockmaker and seismologist (d. 1979)
1894 – Prince René, Italian Prince of Denmark (d. 1962)
1894 – Pablo de Rokha, Chilean poet (d. 1968)
1895 – Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes, President of Guatemala (1958 - 1963) (d. 1982)
1895 – Doris Humphrey, American dancer and choreographer (d. 1858)
1896 – Roman Petrovich, Russian prince (d. 1978)
1898 – Shinichi Suzuki, Japanese violinist and educator (d. 1998)
1898 – Eileen Sedgwick, American actress (d. 1991)
1898 – Simon Vestdijk, Dutch author and poet (d. 1971)
1900 – C. C. van Asch van Wijck, Dutch artist and sculptor (d. 1932)
1900 – Jean Arthur, American actress (d. 1991)
1900 – Yvor Winters, American critic and poet (d. 1968)
1901 – 1925
1901 – Emma Gamboa Alvarado, Costa Rican educator (d. 1973)
1902 – Irene Ryan, American actress (d. 1973)
1903 – Nathanael West, American author and screenwriter (d. 1940)
1903 – Andrei Grechko, Soviet general (d. 1976)
1905 – Leopoldo Benites, Ecuadorian diplomat 28th president of the United Nations General Assembly (d. 1996)
1906 – Paul Derringer, American baseball player (d. 1987)
1907 – John Marley, American actor (d. 1984)
1908 – Hjördis Petterson, Swedish actress (d. 1988)
1908 – Wally Prigg, Australian rugby league player (d. 1980)
1908 – Red Rolfe, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1969)
1908 – Kenji Miyamoto, Japanese politician (d. 2007)
1909 – Cozy Cole, American drummer (d. 1981)
1909 – Leopoldo Panero, Spanish poet (d. 1962)
1909 – Joaquín Satrústegui, Spanish lawyer and politician (d. 1992)
1910 – Ester Wier, American author (d. 2000)
1910 – Marina Núñez del Prado, Bolivian sculptor (d. 1995)
1912 – Pope John Paul I, Catholic pope from August 1978- September 1978 (d. 1978)
1912 – Theodore Marier, American composer and educator, founded the Boston Archdiocesan Choir School (d. 2001)
1912 – Jack Owens, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1982)
1913 – Faik Türün, Turkish general (d. 2003)
1913 – Robert Lowery, American actor (d. 1971)
1913 – Marian Marsh, Trinidadian-American actress and environmentalist (d. 2006)
1914 – Jerry Siegel, American author and illustrator (d. 1996)
1915 – Arthur Miller, American playwright and screenwriter (d. 2005)
1916 – José López Rega, Argentinean politician (d. 1989)
1917 – Adele Stimmel Chase, American painter and sculptor (d. 2000)
1917 – Martin Donnelly, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1999)
1917 – Sumner Locke Elliott, Australian-American author and playwright (d. 1991)
1917 – Marsha Hunt, American actress and singer
1917 – Norman Leyden, American composer and conductor (d. 2014)
1917 – Alfred Benlloch Llorach, Spanish inventor (d. 2013)
1918 – Rita Hayworth, American actress, singer and dancer (d. 1987)
1918 – Ralph Wilson, American businessman, founded the Buffalo Bills (d. 2014)
1918 – Luis Alberto Solari, Uruguayan artist (d. 1993)
1919 – Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov, Ukrainian-Russian physicist and academic (d. 2021)
1919 – Violet Milstead, Canadian World War II aviator and bush pilot (d. 2014)
1919 – Zhao Ziyang, Chinese politician (d. 2005)
1920 – Montgomery Clift, American actor (d. 1966)
1920 – Miguel Delibes, Spanish journalist and author (d. 2010)
1920 – Zully Moreno, Argentian actress (d. 1999)
1921 – George Mackay Brown, Scottish author, poet, and playwright (d. 1996)
1921 – Priscilla Buckley, American journalist and author (d. 2012)
1921 – Maria Gorokhovskaya, Russian-Israeli gymnast (d. 2001)
1921 – Tom Poston, American actor and comedian (d. 2007)
1922 – Luiz Bonfá, Brazilian guitarist and composer (d. 2001)
1922 – Pierre Juneau, Canadian broadcaster and politician, co-founded the Montreal World Film Festival (d. 2012)
1923 – Barney Kessel, American guitarist and composer (d. 2004)
1923 – Charles McClendon, American football player and coach (d. 2001)
1924 – Don Coryell, American football player and coach (d. 2010)
1924 – Anton Geiser, Croatian SS officer (d. 2012)
1924 – Giacomo Mari, Italian football midfielder (d. 1991)
1924 – Rolando Panerai, Italian baritone (d. 2019)
1925 – Harry Carpenter, English sportscaster (d. 2010)
1926 – 1950
1926 – Julie Adams, American actress (d. 2019)
1926 – Beverly Garland, American actress (d. 2008)
1926 – Josine Ianco-Starrels, Romanian-American art curator (d. 2019)
1926 – Roberto Lippi, Italian race car driver (d. 2011)
1928 – Santiago Stevenson, Panamanian singer and minister (d. 2007)
1928 – Alejandro Végh Villegas, Uruguayan politician (d. 2017)
1929 – Mário Wilson, Mozambican footballer and manager (d. 2016)
1930 – Ismail Akbay, Turkish physicist and engineer (d. 2003)
1930 – Robert Atkins, American physician and cardiologist, created the Atkins diet (d. 2003)
1930 – Jimmy Breslin, American journalist and author (d. 2017)
1931 – Ernst Hinterberger, Austrian author and playwright (d. 2012)
1931 – José Alencar, Brazilian businessman and politician (d. 2011)
1931 – Anatoly Pristavkin, Russian writer (d. 2008)
1932 – Paul Anderson, American weightlifter (d. 1994)
1933 – William Anders, Hong Kong-American general and astronaut
1933 – The Singing Nun, Belgian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and nun (d. 1985)
1934 – Alan Garner, English author and playwright
1934 – Johnny Haynes, English-Scottish footballer (d. 2005)
1934 – Rico Rodriguez, American trombonist (d. 2015)
1935 – Sydney Chapman, English architect and politician, Vice-Chamberlain of the Household (d. 2014)
1935 – Michael Eavis, English farmer, founded the Glastonbury Festival
1935 – Carlos Pairetti, Argetine racing driver
1936 – Sathima Bea Benjamin, South African singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
1936 – Hiroo Kanamori, Japanese-American seismologist and academic
1936 – Santiago Navarro, Spanish basketball player (d. 1993)
1937 – Paxton Whitehead, English actor
1937 – José María Álvarez del Manzano, Spanish politician
1937 – Aida Navarro, Venezuelan mezzo-soprano
1937 – Renato Prada Oropeza, Bolivian-Mexican scientist (d. 2011)
1938 – Evel Knievel, American motorcycle rider and stuntman (d. 2007)
1938 – Les Murray, Australian anthologist, poet, and critic
1938 – António Calvário, Portuguese singer and artist
1939 – Oliver Rackham, English botanist and academic (d. 2015)
1940 – Stephen Kovacevich, American pianist and conductor
1940 – Jim Smith, English footballer and manager
1940 – Peter Stringfellow, English businessman (d. 2018)
1941 – Earl Thomas Conley, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist
1941 – Jim Seals, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and violinist
1941 – Paul Ellison, American musician
1942 – Steve Jones, American basketball player and sportscaster (d. 2017)
1942 – Gary Puckett, American pop singer-songwriter and guitarist
1943 – Ignacio Rupérez, Spanish diplomat and journalist (d. 2015)
1944 – Ángel Cristo, Spanish circus performer (d. 2012)
1946 – Ronni Chasen, American publicist (d. 2010)
1946 – Michael Hossack, American drummer (d. 2012)
1946 – Cameron Mackintosh, English producer and manager
1946 – Adam Michnik, Polish journalist and historian
1946 – Drusilla Modjeska, English-Australian author and critic
1946 – Bob Seagren, American pole vaulter
1946 – Manuel Ibáñez, Mexican actor and comedian
1946 – Julio Miranda, Argentine politician
1946 – Daniela Payssé, Uruguayan politician (d. 2018)
1946 – José Perramón, Spanish handball player
1946 – Jaime Ravinet, Chilean politician
1946 – Rüdiger Wittig, German geobotanist and ecologist
1946 – Akira Kushida, Japanese vocalist
1947 – Gene Green, American lawyer and politician
1947 – Michael McKean, American singer-songwriter, actor, and director
1947 – Robert Post, American educator and academic
1947 – Omar Azziman, adviser to the King of Morocco
1948 – Robert Jordan, American soldier and author (d. 2007)
1948 – Margot Kidder, Canadian-American actress (d. 2018)
1948 – George Wendt, American actor and comedian
1948 – Osvaldo Castro, Chilean footballer
1949 – Owen Arthur, Barbadian economist and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Barbados
1949 – Bill Hudson, American musician and actor
1950 – Philippe Barbarin, French cardinal
1950 – Howard Rollins, American actor (d. 1996)
1950 – Sandra Reemer, Dutch singer (d. 2017)
1951 – 1975
1951 – Annie Borckink, Dutch speed skater
1951 – Roger Pontare, Swedish singer
1951 – Shari Ulrich, American-Canadian singer-songwriter and violinist
1951 – Dirk Beheydt, Belgian football player.
1953 – Joseph Bowie, American trombonist and bandleader
1953 – Domenico Penzo, Italian footballer
1954 – Carlos Buhler, American mountaineer
1955 – Georgios Alogoskoufis, Greek economist, academic, and politician, Greek Minister of Finance
1955 – Mike Bratz, American basketball player
1956 – Fran Cosmo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1956 – Mae Jemison, American physician, academic, and astronaut
1956 – Pat McCrory, American businessman and politician, 74th Governor of North Carolina
1956 – Stephen Palumbi, American academic and author
1957 – Lawrence Bender, American actor and producer
1957 – Steve McMichael, American football player, wrestler, and sportscaster
1957 – Vincent Van Patten, American tennis player and actor
1957 – Antonio Galdo, Italian journalist
1957 – Nelson Barrera, Mexican baseball player (d. 2002)
1957 – Pino Palladino, Welsh bassist
1957 – Eleftheria Arvanitaki, Greek folk singer
1958 – Howard Alden, American guitarist
1958 – Alan Jackson, American singer-songwriter
1958 – Craig Murray, British diplomat
1958 – Sandra Mozarowsky, Spanish actress (d. 1977)
1959 – Ron Drummond, American author and scholar
1959 – Francisco Flores Pérez, Salvadorian politician, President of El Salvador (d. 2016)
1959 – Russell Gilbert, Australian comedian, actor, and screenwriter
1959 – Norm Macdonald, Canadian actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter
1959 – Mark Peel, Australian historian and academic
1959 – Richard Roeper, American journalist and critic
1959 – Mustafa Aberchán, Spanish politician
1959 – Eugenio Hernández Flores, Mexican politician
1960 – Guy Henry, English actor
1960 – Rob Marshall, American director, producer, and choreographer
1960 – Bernie Nolan, Irish singer (d. 2013)
1960 – Philippe Sands, American lawyer and academic
1961 – David Means, American short story writer
1962 – Glenn Braggs, American baseball player
1962 – Mike Judge, American animator, director, screenwriter, producer and actor
1962 – Jay Humphries, American basketball player
1963 – Sergio Goycochea, Argentinian footballer and journalist
1963 – Toby Young, English journalist and academic
1964 – Gregg Wallace, English television presenter
1964 – Margarita Liborio Arrazola, Mexican politician
1965 – Aravinda de Silva, Sri Lankan cricketer
1965 – Rhys Muldoon, Australian actor
1966 – Shaun Edwards, English rugby player and coach
1966 – Danny Ferry, American basketball player and manager
1966 – Mark Gatiss, English actor, screenwriter and novelist
1966 – Tommy Kendall, American race car driver and sportscaster
1967 – Simon Segars, English businessman
1967 – Nathalie Tauziat, French tennis player
1967 – René Dif, Danish musician
1967 – Pedro González Vera, Chilean footballer
1968 – Graeme Le Saux, English footballer and sportscaster
1968 – Ziggy Marley, Jamaican singer-songwriter, guitarist, and voice actor
1968 – David Robertson, Scottish footballer and manager
1968 – Alejandra Ávalos, Mexican artist
1969 – Ernie Els, South African golfer and sportscaster
1969 – Wyclef Jean, Haitian-American rapper, producer, and actor
1969 – Rick Mercer, Canadian comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
1969 – Wood Harris, American actor
1970 – Anil Kumble, Indian cricketer
1970 – John Mabry, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster
1970 – J. C. MacKenzie, Canadian actor
1971 – Blues Saraceno, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
1971 – Chris Kirkpatrick, American singer-songwriter and dancer
1971 – Kim Ljung, Norwegian singer-songwriter and bass player
1971 – Martin Heinrich, American politician
1971 – Derrick Plourde, American drummer (d. 2005)
1972 – Eminem, American rapper, producer, and actor
1972 – Tarkan, German-Turkish singer
1972 – Akio "Musashi" Mori, Japanese karateka and kickboxer
1973 – Andrea Tarozzi, Italian footballer and coach
1973 – Rubén Garcés, Panamanian basketball player
1974 – Ariel Levy, American journalist and author
1974 – Matthew Macfadyen, English actor
1974 – Obdulio Ávila Mayo, Mexican politician
1974 – Bárbara Paz, Brazilian actress
1974 – Janne Puurtinen, Finnish keyboard player
1974 – John Rocker, American baseball player
1974 – Darío Sala, Argentine footballer
1974 – Gabriel Silberstein, Chilean tennis player
1974 – Dhondup Wangchen, Chinese director and producer
1975 – Francis Bouillon, American-Canadian ice hockey player
1975 – Jericó Abramo Masso, Mexican politician
1975 – Vina Morales, Filipino actress and singer
1976 onwards
1976 – Sebastián Abreu, Uruguayan footballer
1976 – Seth Etherton, American baseball player
1976 – Carlos Loret de Mola, Mexican journalist
1976 – Kevin Maher, English-Irish footballer and coach
1977 – Dudu Aouate, Israeli footballer
1977 – Alimi Ballard, American actor and producer
1977 – Bryan Bertino, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1977 – Walter Calderón, Ecuadorian footballer
1977 – Marko Antonio Cortés Mendoza, Mexican politician
1977 – Ryan McGinley, American photographer
1977 – André Villas-Boas, Portuguese footballer and manager
1978 – Pablo Iglesias Turrión, Spanish politician
1978 – Jerry Flannery, Irish rugby player and coach
1978 – Erin Karpluk, Canadian actress
1978 – Chuka Umunna, English lawyer and politician
1979 – Marcela Bovio, Mexican singer-songwriter and violinist
1979 – Alexandros Nikolaidis, Greek martial artist
1979 – Kimi Räikkönen, Finnish race car driver
1979 – Kostas Tsartsaris, Greek basketball player
1980 – Yekaterina Gamova, Russian volleyball player
1980 – Mohammad Hafeez, Pakistani cricketer
1980 – Isaac Mina, Ecuadorian footballer
1980 – Angel Parker, American actress
1980 – Alessandro Piccolo, Italian race car driver
1980 – Justin Shenkarow, American actor
1981 – Horacio Cervantes, Mexican footballer
1981 – Kurumi Enomoto, Japanese singer-songwriter
1981 – Tsubasa Imai, Japanese singer, actor, and dancer
1981 – Ben Rothwell, American mixed-martial artist
1982 – Rubén Ramírez, Argentine football striker
1982 – Nick Riewoldt, Australian footballer
1982 – Marion Rolland, alpine ski racer
1983 – Michelle Ang, New Zealander actress
1983 – Milica Brozovic, Serbian-Russian figure skater
1983 – Felicity Jones, English actress
1983 – Toshihiro Matsushita, Japanese footballer
1983 – Riki Miura, Japanese actor
1983 – Junichi Miyashita, Japanese swimmer
1983 – Ivan Saenko, Russian footballer
1983 – Mitch Talbot, American baseball player
1983 – Vitali Teleš, Estonian footballer
1984 – Chris Lowell, American actor
1984 – Giovanni Marchese, Italian footballer
1984 – Randall Munroe, American author and illustrator
1984 – Luke Rockhold, American mixed martial artist
1984 – Anja Eline Skybakmoen, Norwegian singer-songwriter and bandleader
1984 – Gottfrid Svartholm, Swedish computer specialist
1984 – Jared Tallent, Australian race walker
1985 – Carlos González, Venezuelan baseball player
1985 – Max Irons, English-Irish actor
1985 – Collins John, Dutch footballer
1985 – Tomokazu Nagira, Japanese footballer
1986 – Alexandre Bonnet, French football midfielder
1986 – Antoni Bou, Spanish motorcyclist
1986 – Aija Brumermane, Latvian basketball player
1986 – Constant Djakpa, Ivorian footballer
1986 – Yannick Ponsero, French figure skater
1986 – Nicolás Richotti, Argentine basketball player
1987 – Bea Alonzo, Filipino actress and singer
1987 – Jarosław Fojut, Polish footballer
1987 – Elliot Grandin, French football winger
1987 – Hideto Takahashi, Japanese footballer
1988 – Sergiy Gladyr, Ukrainian basketball player
1988 – Dami Im, South Korean-born Australian singer
1988 – Tori Matsuzaka, Japanese actor and model
1988 – Marina Salas, Spanish actress
1989 – Débora García, Spanish football midfielder
1989 – Oleksandr Isakov, Ukrainian swimmer
1989 – Sophie Luck, Australian actress
1989 – David Timor, Spanish footballer
1990 – Paolo Campinoti, Italian footballer
1990 – Maica García Godoy, Spanish water polo player
1990 – Ronald González Tabilo, Chilean footballer
1990 – Saki Kumagai, Japanese footballer
1990 – Patrick Lambie, South African rugby player
1991 – Brenda Asnicar, Argentine actress
1992 – Sam Concepcion, Filipino musician and dancer
1992 – Keerthy Suresh, Indian actress
1993 – Kenneth Omeruo, Nigerian footballer
2001 – Thomas Strudwick, British motorcycle road racer
Deaths
Up to 1900
AD 33 – Agrippina the Elder, Roman wife of Germanicus (b. 14 BC)
532 – Pope Boniface II
866 – Al-Musta'in, Abbasid caliph (b. 836)
1271 – Steinvör Sighvatsdóttir, Icelandic aristocrat and poet
1277 – Beatrice of Falkenburg, German queen consort (b. c. 1254)
1346 – John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray
1346 – Maurice de Moravia, Earl of Strathearn
1456 – Nicolas Grenon, French composer (b. 1375)
1485 – John Scott of Scott's Hall, Warden of the Cinque Ports
1552 – Andreas Osiander, German Protestant theologian (b. 1498)
1575 – Gaspar Cervantes de Gaeta, Spanish cardinal (b. 1511)
1586 – Philip Sidney, English courtier, poet, and general (b. 1554)
1587 – Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1541)
1616 – John Pitts, English priest and scholar (b. 1560)
1660 – Adrian Scrope, English colonel and politician (b. 1601)
1673 – Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, English politician, Lord High Treasurer of England (b. 1630)
1690 – Margaret Mary Alacoque, French mystic (b. 1647)
1757 – René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, French entomologist and academic (b. 1683)
1776 – Pierre François le Courayer, French-English theologian and author (b. 1681)
1780 – William Cookworthy, English pharmacist and minister (b. 1705)
1781 – Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke, English admiral (b. 1705)
1786 – Johann Ludwig Aberli, Swiss painter and illustrator (b. 1723)
1806 – Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Haitian commander and politician, Governor-General of Haiti (b. 1758)
1836 – Orest Kiprensky, Russian painter (b. 1782)
1837 – Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1778)
1849 – Frédéric Chopin, Polish pianist and composer (b. 1810)
1868 – Laura Secord, Canadian war heroine (b. 1775)
1887 – Gustav Kirchhoff, German physicist and chemist (b. 1824)
1889 – Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Russian philosopher and critic (b. 1828)
1893 – Patrice de MacMahon, Duke of Magenta, French general and politician, 3rd President of France (b. 1808)
1901 – 2000
1910 – Julia Ward Howe, American poet and songwriter (b. 1819)
1918 – Malak Hifni Nasif, Egyptian poet and author (b. 1886)
1928 – Frank Dicksee, English painter and illustrator (b. 1853)
1931 – Alfons Maria Jakob, German neurologist and academic (b. 1884)
1937 – J. Bruce Ismay, English businessman (b. 1862)
1938 – Karl Kautsky, Czech-German journalist, philosopher and theoretician (b. 1854)
1948 – Royal Cortissoz, American art critic (b. 1869)
1955 – Dimitrios Maximos, Greek banker and politician (b. 1873)
1956 – Anne Crawford, Israeli-English actress (b. 1920)
1958 – Paul Outerbridge, American photographer (b. 1896)
1958 – Charlie Townsend, English cricketer and lawyer (b. 1876)
1962 – Natalia Goncharova, Russian painter, costume designer, and set designer (b. 1882)
1963 – Jacques Hadamard, French mathematician and academic (b. 1865)
1965 – Bart King, American cricketer (b. 1873)
1966 – Sidney Hatch, American runner and soldier (b. 1883)
1966 – Wieland Wagner, German director and manager (b. 1917)
1967 – Puyi, Chinese emperor (b. 1906)
1970 – Pierre Laporte, Canadian journalist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1921)
1970 – Vola Vale, American actress (b. 1897)
1970 – Quincy Wright, American political scientist and academic (b. 1890)
1972 – Turk Broda, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1914)
1972 – George, Crown Prince of Serbia (b. 1887)
1973 – Ingeborg Bachmann, Austrian author and poet (b. 1926)
1978 – George Clark, American race car driver (b. 1890)
1978 – Giovanni Gronchi, Italian educator, soldier, and politician, 3rd President of the Italian Republic (b. 1887)
1979 – S. J. Perelman, American humorist and screenwriter (b. 1904)
1979 – John Stuart, Scottish-English actor (b. 1898)
1979 – Eugenio Mendoza, Venezuelan business tycoon (b. 1909)
1981 – Kannadasan Indian author, poet, and songwriter (b. 1927)
1981 – Albert Cohen, Greek-Swiss civil servant and author (b. 1895)
1981 – Lina Tsaldari, Greek politician (b. 1887)
1983 – Raymond Aron, French sociologist, political scientist, and philosopher (b. 1905)
1987 – Abdul Malek Ukil, Bangladeshi lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
1991 – Tennessee Ernie Ford, American singer and actor (b. 1919)
1992 – Herman Johannes, Indonesian scientist, academic, and politician (b. 1912)
1992 – Orestis Laskos, Greek actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1908)
1993 – Criss Oliva, American guitarist and songwriter (b. 1963)
1996 – Chris Acland, English musician & drummer of Lush (b. 1966)
1997 – Larry Jennings, American magician and author (b. 1933)
1998 – Joan Hickson, English actress (b. 1906)
1998 – Hakim Said, Pakistani scholar and politician, 20th Governor of Sindh (b. 1920)
1999 – Nicholas Metropolis, Greek-American mathematician and physicist (b. 1915)
2000 – Leo Nomellini, Italian-American football player and wrestler (b. 1924)
2000 – Joachim Nielsen, Norwegian singer-songwriter and poet (b. 1964)
2001 onwards
2001 – Jay Livingston, American singer-songwriter (b. 1915)
2001 – Micheline Ostermeyer, French shot putter, discus thrower, and pianist (b. 1922)
2001 – Rehavam Ze'evi, Israeli historian, general, and politician, Tourism Minister of Israel (b. 1926)
2002 – Derek Bell, Irish harpist and composer (b. 1935)
2004 – Uzi Hitman, Israeli singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
2006 – Daniel Emilfork, Chilean-French actor (b. 1924)
2006 – Christopher Glenn, American journalist (b. 1938)
2007 – Joey Bishop, American actor and talk show host (b. 1918)
2007 – Teresa Brewer, American singer (b. 1931)
2007 – Suzy Covey, American scholar and academic (b. 1939)
2008 – Urmas Ott, Estonian journalist and author (b. 1955)
2008 – Levi Stubbs, American singer (b. 1936)
2008 – Ben Weider, Canadian businessman, co-founded the International Federation of BodyBuilding & Fitness (b. 1923)
2009 – Norma Fox Mazer, American author and educator (b. 1931)
2009 – Vic Mizzy, American composer (b. 1916)
2011 – Carl Lindner, Jr., American businessman (b. 1919)
2012 – Milija Aleksic, English-South African footballer (b. 1951)
2012 – Émile Allais, French skier (b. 1912)
2012 – Henry Friedlander, German-American historian and author (b. 1930)
2012 – Sylvia Kristel, Dutch actress (b. 1952)
2012 – Stanford R. Ovshinsky, American scientist and businessman, co-founded Energy Conversion Devices (b. 1922)
2012 – Kōji Wakamatsu, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1936)
2013 – Mother Antonia, American-Mexican nun and activist (b. 1926)
2013 – Terry Fogerty, English rugby player and coach (b. 1944)
2013 – Arthur Maxwell House, Canadian neurologist and politician, 10th Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador (b. 1926)
2013 – Lou Scheimer, American animator, producer, and voice actor, co-founded the Filmation Company (b. 1928)
2013 – Rene Simpson, Canadian-American tennis player (b. 1966)
2014 – Edwards Barham, American farmer and politician (b. 1937)
2014 – Gero Bisanz, German football coach (b. 1935)
2014 – Masaru Emoto, Japanese author and activist (b. 1943)
2014 – Tom Shaw, American bishop (b. 1945)
2014 – Berndt von Staden, German diplomat, German Ambassador to the United States (b. 1919)
2015 – Danièle Delorme, French actress and producer (b. 1926)
2015 – Howard Kendall, English footballer and manager (b. 1946)
2015 – Anne-Marie Lizin, Belgian lawyer and politician (b. 1949)
2015 – Tom Smith, American businessman and politician (b. 1947)
2017 – Danielle Darrieux, French actress (b. 1917)
2017 – Gord Downie, Canadian musician (b. 1964)
2018 – Leone Frollo, Italian comic book artist (b. 1931)
2018 – Cornelius Edward Gallagher, American politician (b. 1921)
2018 – Ara Güler, Turkish photojournalist (b. 1928)
2018 – Jacques Monory, French painter and filmmaker (b. 1924)
2018 – Derrick Sherwin, English television producer and actor (b. 1936)
Holidays and observances
Christian feast day:
Andrew of Crete
Anstrudis
Catervus
Ethelred and Ethelberht
Florentius of Orange
François-Isidore Gagelin (one of Vietnamese Martyrs)
Hosea
Ignatius of Antioch
John the Short (John Colobus)
Marguerite Marie Alacoque (formerly)
Nothhelm
Rule of Andrew
Richard Gwyn
Victor of Capua
October 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Dessalines Day (Haiti)
Digital Society Day (India)
International Day for the Eradication of Poverty
Loyalty Day (Argentina)
Kannemesai Festival (Ise Grand Shrine)
References
Days of the year |
9821 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1912 | 1912 | 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar.
Events
January 1 – Establishment of Republic of China.
January 5 – Prague Party Conference
January 6 – New Mexico is admitted as the 47th U.S. state.
January 17 – British polar explorer Robert Falcon Scott and a team of four begin the second expedition to reach the South Pole.
January 23 – The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague.
February 8 – Mexican Revolution – Military rebellion against the rule of Francisco Madero begins in Mexico City. Battles last for 10 days
February 12 – Republic of China adopts the Gregorian calendar
February 14 – Arizona is admitted as the 48th U.S. state.
February 14 – In Groton, Connecticut, the first diesel-powered submarine is commissioned.
February 18 – Francisco Madero is forced to resign – battle ends. All members of Madero's government are arrested.
February 19 – Prizes are included in Cracker Jack candy boxes for the first time
February 22 – Francisco Madero and Pino Suarez are shot, allegedly when they "tried to escape"
March 1 – Albert Berry makes the first parachute jump from a moving airplane.
March 1 – Georg Ritter von Trapp, head of the famous Austrian singing family memorialized in the musical The Sound of Music marries Agathe
March 5 – Italian forces are the first to use airships for a military purpose by using them for reconnaissance west of Tripoli behind Turkish lines.
March 7 – Roald Amundsen announces discovery of the South Pole
March 7 – French aviator Henri Seimet makes the first non-stop flight from Paris to London in three hours
March 12 – The Girl Guides (later renamed the Girl Scouts) are founded.
March 16 – Lawrence Oates, ill member of Scott's South Pole expedition leaves the tent saying, "I am just going outside and may be some time"
March 27 – Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo gives 3,000 cherry blossom trees to be planted in Washington, D.C. to symbolize the friendship between the two countries.
March 30 – France establishes a protectorate over Morocco.
April 14–15 – The R.M.S Titanic sank after hitting an iceberg in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. Over 1500 people died.
Alexis Carrel, French surgeon, won the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Births
January 28 – Jackson Pollack (d. 1956)
March 12 – Pat Nixon, 39th First Lady of the United States (d. 1993)
March 27 — James Callaghan, British Prime Minister (d. 2005)
June 23 – Alan Turing (d. 1954)
September 5 – John Cage (d. 1992)
October 17 – Pope John Paul I (d. 1978)
December 22 – Lady Bird Johnson, 38th First Lady of the United States (d. 2007)
Deaths
February 12 – Gerhard Armauer Hansen, Norwegian doctor and scientist (b. 1841)
May 30 – Wilbur Wright of the Wright brothers, American co-inventor of the airplane.
April 15 – Over 1500 people die on the R.M.S Titanic
December 11 - James Otis, American children's writer
Art, music, theatre, literature, movies
May 29 - Premiere of Nijinsky's ballet The Afternoon of a Faun in Paris |
9822 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted%20Cassidy | Ted Cassidy | Ted Cassidy (July 31, 1932 - January 16, 1979) was an American actor. He was best known for his roles as Lurch and Thing on The Addams Family.
Other websites
American television actors
American movie actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
1932 births
1979 deaths
Deaths from surgical complications
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States |
9823 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2031 | July 31 |
Events
Up to 1900
781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mt. Fuji (Traditional Japanese date: July 6, 781)
904 - Thessaloniki falls to the Arabs, who destroy the city.
1009 – Pietro Boccapecora becomes Pope Sergius IV
1423 – Hundred Years' War: Battle of Cravant – The French army is defeated at Cravant on the banks of the river Yonne.
1492 - Jews are expelled from Spain, when the Alhambra Decree takes effect.
1498 – On his third voyage to the Western Hemisphere, Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to land on the island of Trinidad.
1588 – The Spanish Armada is spotted off the coast of England.
1655 – Russo-Polish War of 1654 to 1667: The Russian army enters the Lithuanian capital Vilnius.
1658 – Aurangzeb is proclaimed Mughal Emperor of India.
1667 – The Treaty of Breda ends the Second Anglo-Dutch War. The Dutch colony of New Amsterdam gets tranferred to British control, being renamed New York. The Dutch get the previously British colony in present-day Suriname.
1703 – Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory for the crime of seditious libel after publishing a politically satirical pamphlet, but is pelted with flowers.
1712 - Great Northern War: Danish and Swedish ships clash in the Baltic Sea, with an inconclusive result.
1715 - An 11-ship Spanish treasure fleet is lost in a hurricane between the Florida Keys and Havana, Cuba, killing at least 1,000 people.
1741 - Charles Albert of Bavaria invades Upper Austria and Bohemia.
1763 – Pontiac's War: The Odawa Chief Pontiac's forces defeat British troops at the Battle of Bloody Run.
1790 – First US patent issued; granted to inventor Samuel Hopkins for a potash process.
1856 – Christchurch, New Zealand is chartered as a city.
1865 - The first Narrow gauge mainline railway in the world opens at Grandchester, Queensland, Australia.
1901 1950
1901 - With hot-air balloon Preussen, Arthur Berson and Reinhard Suering reach a record height of 10,800 meters.
1913 - The Balkan States sign an armistice in Bucharest.
1914 - French Socialist politician Jean Jaurès is assassinated in a Paris café by the Nationalist Raoul Villain.
1917 – The Third Battle of Ypres starts in Flanders.
1919 – German national assembly adopts the Weimar constitution (to enter into force August 14)
1930 – The radio mystery program The Shadow airs for the first time.
1932 - Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party wins over 38% of the vote in German elections.
1936 – The International Olympic Committee announces that the 1940 Summer Olympics were to be held in Tokyo. However, the games were given back to the IOC after the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out, and were eventually cancelled altogether because of World War II.
1941 – Holocaust: Under instructions from Adolf Hitler, Nazi official Hermann Göring orders SS general Reinhard Heydrich to "submit to me as soon as possible a general plan of the administrative material and financial measures necessary for carrying out the desired final solution of the Jewish question."
1945 – Pierre Laval, fugitive former leader of Vichy France, surrenders to Allied soldiers in Austria.
1948 – At Idlewild Field in New York, New York International Airport (later renamed John F. Kennedy International Airport) is dedicated.
1951 2000
1951 – Japan Airlines is established.
1954 – First ascent of K2, by an Italian expedition led by Ardito Desio, also involving Lino Lacedelli and Achille Compagnoni. The lack of credit given to Walter Bonatti causes a lot of controversy in the years to come.
1956 – Jim Laker sets extraordinary record at Old Trafford in the fourth Test of taking nineteen wickets in a first-class match (the previous best was seventeen.
1961 – At Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts, the first All-Star Game tie in major league baseball history occurs when the game is stopped in the 9th inning due to rain.
1964 – Ranger program: Ranger 7 sends back the first close-up photographs of the moon, with images 1,000 times clearer than anything ever seen from earth-bound telescopes).
1969 - The Mariner 6 probe flies by Mars and sends photographs to Earth.
1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 15 astronauts become the first to ride in a lunar rover.
1973 – A Delta Air Lines jetliner crashes while landing in fog at Logan Airport, Boston, Massachusetts killing 89
1975 – In Detroit, Michigan, Teamsters Union president Jimmy Hoffa is reported missing.
1976 – NASA releases the famous Face on Mars photo, taken by Viking 1.
1976 – Flooding on the Big Thompson River in Colorado kills 143 people.
1977 – David Berkowitz, the Son of Sam serial killer, carries out his last murder, shooting Stacey Moskowitz.
1981 – A 7-week strike by Major League Baseball players ends.
1987 – A rare, class F-4 tornado rips through Edmonton, Alberta, killing 27 people and causing $330 million in damage.
1988 – 32 people are killed when a bridge collapses in Penang, Malaysia.
1991 – The United States and Soviet Union sign the START I arms reduction treaty.
1991 – A Soviet OMON attacks a Lithuanian customs post in Medininkai.
1992 – China General Aviation flight 7552 crashes at take-off from Nanking, to Xiamen.
1992 – A Thai Airways Airbus A300-310 crashes into mountain south of Kathmandu, Nepal killing 113.
1992 – The Republic of Georgia joins the United Nations.
1996 – MIL-STD-1750A is declared inactive for use in new designs.
1998 – The United Kingdom imposes a total landmine ban.
1999 – NASA intentionally crashes the Lunar Prospector spacecraft into the Moon, thus ending its mission to detect frozen water on the moon's surface.
2000 – The Knesset (Israeli parliament) chooses Moshe Katsav as the next President.
From 2001
2006 – Fidel Castro transfers power in Cuba to his brother Raul Castro.
2007 - Operation Banner, the presence of the British Army in Northern Ireland, and the longest-running British Army operation ever, comes to an end.
2008 – Scientists report that the Phoenix spacecraft had confirmed the presence of frozen water on the planet Mars.
2012 - Michael Phelps beats Larisa Latynina's record number of Olympic medals.
2013 - Zimbabwe holds a Presidential election. The main candidates are long-time President Robert Mugabe and Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai. Mugabe's ZANU-PF Party claims a landslide victory, but Tsvangirai's Movement for Democratic Change declares the election null and void on the grounds of vote-rigging.
2014 - Shortly before midnight, gas explosions occur in the city of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, killing at least 26 people.
2015 - Beijing is given the right to host the 2022 Winter Olympics.
2017 - Los Angeles, California, volunteers to host the 2028 Summer Olympics, effectively giving the 2024 Summer Olympics to Paris.
2017 - US President Donald Trump fires White House Communications Director Anthony Scaramucci, only ten days after giving him the job.
Births
Up to 1900
1143 – Emperor Nijo of Japan (d. 1165)
1396 – Philip III, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1467)
1443 - Albert III, Duke of Saxony (d. 1500)
1526 - Augustus, Elector of Saxony (d. 1586)
1527 – Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1576)
1598 – Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor and architect (d. 1654)
1702 – Jean Denis Attiret, French Jesuit missionary and painter (d. 1768)
1704 – Gabriel Cramer, Swiss mathematician (d. 1752)
1718 – John Canton, English physicist (d. 1772)
1720 - Emmanuel-Armand de Richelieu, duc d'Aiguillon, French soldier and statesman (d. 1788)
1724 – Noël-François de Wailly, French lexicographer (d. 1801)
1737 – Princess Augusta of Great Britain (d. 1813) (sources vary between July 31 and August 31)
1777 – Pedro Ignacio de Castro Barros, Argentine statesman and priest (d. 1849)
1800 – Friedrich Wöhler, German chemist (d. 1882)
1803 – John Ericsson, Swedish engineer (d. 1889)
1804 – George Baxter, English engraver and printer (d. 1867)
1812 – Amélie of Leuchtenberg, Empress of Brazil (d. 1873)
1816 – Maria Theresa of Austria, Queen of the Two Sicilies (d. 1867)
1816 - George Henry Thomas, American general (d. 1870)
1822 – Abram Stevens Hewitt, Mayor of New York City (d. 1903)
1824 - Antoine, Duke of Montpensier, French aristocrat (d. 1890)
1825 – William S. Clark, American senator and scholar (d. 1885)
1826 - George Hoadly, 36th Governor of Ohio (d. 1902)
1828 - François-Auguste Gevaert, Belgian composer (d. 1908)
1831 - Ilya Ulyanov, Russian teacher and father of Vladimir Lenin (d. 1886)
1835 – Henri Brisson, French politician (d. 1912)
1839 - Ignacio Andrade, 25th President of Venezuela (d. 1925)
1843 – Peter Rosegger, Austrian poet (d. 1918)
1847 – Ignacio Cervantes, Cuban pianist and composer (d. 1905)
1854 - José Canalejas, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1912)
1858 – Richard Dixon Oldham, English geologist (d. 1936)
1863 - Sidney Johnston Catts, 22nd Governor of Florida (d. 1936)
1875 – Jacques Villon, French painter and printmaker (d. 1963)
1875 - Kunio Yanagita, Japanese scholar (d. 1962)
1877 - Louisa Bolus, South African botanist and taxonomist (d. 1970)
1880 – Munshi Premchand, Indian writer (d. 1936)
1886 – Fred Quimby, American movie producer (d. 1965)
1886 - Harry Tate, American soccer player (d. 1954)
1892 - Joseph Charbonneau, French-Canadian Roman Catholic archbishop (d. 1959)
1892 - Herbert W. Armstrong, American evangelist (d. 1986)
1901 1950
1901 – Jean Dubuffet, French painter and sculptor (d. 1985)
1902 - Gubby Allen, Australian-English cricketer (d. 1989)
1904 - John Carberry, American cardinal (d. 1998)
1907 – Roy Milton, American jump blues singer, drummer and bandleader (d. 1983)
1908 - Franz Meyers, German politician (d. 2002)
1911 – George Liberace, American musician (d. 1983)
1912 – Milton Friedman, American economist (d. 2006)
1912 - Irv Kupcinet, American columnist (d. 2003)
1913 – Bryan Hextall, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1984)
1914 – Louis de Funès, French actor and comedian (d. 1983)
1914 - Mario Bava, Italian movie director, cameraman and screenwriter (d. 1980)
1914 – Raymond Aubrac, French Resistance activist (d. 2012)
1916 - Bill Todman, American game show producer (d. 1979)
1918 – Paul D. Boyer, American chemist (d. 2018)
1918 – Hank Jones, American pianist (d. 2010)
1919 – Primo Levi, Italian writer and chemist (d. 1987)
1919 - Robert Morgenthau, American lawyer (d. 2019)
1921 – Peter Benenson, British founder of Amnesty International (d. 2005)
1922 - Lorenzo Antonetti, Italian cardinal (d. 2013)
1923 – Ahmet Ertegun, Turkish-born record company executive (d. 2006)
1923 - Jimmy Evert, American tennis player and coach (d. 2015)
1923 - Stephanie Kwolek, American chemist, engineer and inventor of Kevlar (d. 2014)
1926 – Hilary Putnam, American philosopher (d. 2016)
1927 - Bunny Carr, Irish television presenter (d. 2018)
1928 - Bill Frenzel, American politician (d. 2014)
1929 – Don Murray, American actor
1929 – José Santamaría, Uruguayan footballer
1930 - Oleg Popov, Russian clown (d. 2016)
1931 - Nick Bollettieri, American tennis coach
1931 – Ivan Rebroff, German singer (d. 2008)
1932 – Ted Cassidy, American actor (d. 1979)
1932 – John Searle, American philosopher
1932 - Prince Johann Georg of Hohenzollern (d. 2016)
1933 - Cees Nooteboom, Dutch writer
1935 - Yvon Deschamps, Canadian comedian, actor and author
1935 - Geoffrey Lewis, American actor (d. 2015)
1937 - Isabelle Daniels, American sprinter (d. 2017)
1938 - Saeed Saleh, Egyptian actor (d. 2014)
1939 - Ignacio Zoco, Spanish footballer (d. 2015)
1939 - France Nuyen, French actress
1940 - Roy Walker, Irish comedian, actor and television host
1941 – Amarsinh Chaudhary, Indian politician (d. 2004)
1943 - Lobo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1943 – William Bennett, American politician
1944 – Jonathan Dimbleby, British journalist and TV presenter
1944 - Robert C. Merton, American economist
1944 - Geraldine Chaplin, American-British actress
1944 - David Norris, Irish scholar, senator and activist
1945 – William Weld, 68th Governor of Massachusetts
1947 - Richard Griffiths, British actor (d. 2013)
1947 - Hubert Védrine, French politician
1948 - Russell Morris, Australian singer
1950 - Richard Berry, French actor, director and singer
1951 1975
1951 – Evonne Goolagong, Australian tennis player
1951 - Barry Van Dyke, American actor
1952 - Alan Autry, American football player, actor and politician
1952 – Helmuts Balderis, Latvian ice hockey player
1952 - Faye Kellerman, American author
1953 – Ted Baillieu, Australian politician
1956 – Deval Patrick, American politician, 71st Governor of Massachusetts
1956 - Mark Arden, British actor
1956 – Michael Biehn, American actor and movie producer
1957 - Mark Thompson, English media executive, former Director-General of the BBC
1957 - Daniel Ash, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
1958 – Bill Berry, American musician in band R.E.M.
1959 – Andrew Marr, British broadcast journalist
1959 – Stanley Jordan, American jazz guitarist
1960 - Dale Hunter, Canadian ice hockey player
1961 - Frank Gardner, English journalist and correspondent
1961 - Peter O'Brien, American drummer (Orleans)
1962 - Jackie Bird, Scottish broadcast journalist
1962 - Stanley Jordan, American jazz guitarist
1962 – Wesley Snipes, American actor
1963 – Brian Skrudland, Canadian ice hockey player
1963 - Fatboy Slim, English DJ and musician
1964 – Wendell Alexis, American basketball player
1964 - Jean-Paul Vonderburg, Swedish footballer
1964 – Jim Corr, Irish musician
1965 – J. K. Rowling, British writer (Harry Potter)
1965 - Pat Finn, American actor
1965 - Scott Brooks, American basketball coach
1965 - Mario Von Appen, German canoeist
1966 - Tatsuya Ishihara, Japanese animator and director
1966 - Yoshiyuki Matsuyama, Japanese footballer
1966 – Dean Cain, American actor
1966 – Valdas Ivanauskas, Lithuanian footballer and football manager
1967 – Minako Honda, Japanese singer and musical actress (d. 2005)
1969 - Antonio Conte, Italian footballer
1969 - Loren Dean, American actor
1970 - Ben Chaplin, English actor
1971 - Christina Cox, Canadian actress
1971 - Elivélton, Brazilian footballer
1973 - Jacob Aagaard, Danish-Scottish chess player
1973 – Abdulaziz Khathron, Saudi Arabian footballer
1973 – Wail al-Shehri, Saudi Arabian terrorist (d. 2001)
1974 – Emilia Fox, British actress
1975 – Ruben Patterson, American basketball player
From 1976
1976 – Paulo Wanchope, Costa Rican footballer
1978 – Will Champion, English musician (Coldplay)
1978 - Justin Wilson, English racing driver (d. 2015)
1978 – Zac Brown, American country music singer
1979 – Carlos Marchena, Spanish footballer
1979 - B. J. Novak, American actor, comedian, screenwriter and director
1980 – Mils Muliaina, New Zealand rugby player
1981 - Clemente Rodríguez, Argentine footballer
1981 – Titus Bramble, English footballer
1981 - M. Shadows, American musician (Avenged Sevenfold)
1982 - Hayuma Tanaka, Japanese footballer
1982 - Mira Craig, Norwegian singer
1982 – Michael Jung, German equestrian
1982 – DeMarcus Ware, American football player
1984 - Joseph Benavidez, American mixed martial artist
1985 - Alissa White-Gluz, Canadian singer
1986 - Shinzo Koroki, Japanese footballer
1987 – Michael Bradley, American footballer
1987 – Brittany Byrnes, American actress
1988 - Krystal Meyers, American singer-songwriter
1988 - Michelle Sabogal, Colombian actress
1989 – Victoria Azarenka, Belarusian tennis player
1989 - Zelda Williams, American actress
1990 - Besart Abdurahimi, Macedonian footballer
1992 - Lizzy, South Korean singer, dancer and actress
1992 - Kyle Larson, American racing driver
1996 - Blake Michael, American actor, director and producer
2000 - Kim Sae-ron, South Korean actress
Deaths
Up to 1900
54 BC - Aurelia Cotta, mother of Julius Caesar (b. 120 BC)
855 - Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Arab scholar and theologian (b. 780)
1099 – El Cid, Spanish warrior (b. 1044)
1396 – William Courtenay, Archbishop of Canterbury
1508 – Na'od, Emperor of Ethiopia (killed in battle)
1556 – Ignatius Loyola, Spanish priest, founder of the Jesuits (b. 1491)
1726 – Nicolaus II Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician (b. 1695)
1750 – King John V of Portugal (b. 1689)
1784 – Denis Diderot, French philosopher and encyclopedist (b. 1713)
1805 - Dheeran Chinnamalai, Indian soldier (b. 1756)
1849 - Sandor Petofi, Hungarian poet (b. 1823)
1875 – Andrew Johnson, 17th President of the United States (b. 1808)
1884 – Kien Phuc, Vietnamese Emperor of the Nguyen Dynasty (b. 1869)
1886 – Franz Liszt, Hungarian composer (b. 1811)
1901 2000
1914 – Jean Jaurès, French politician (b. 1859)
1917 – Francis Ledwidge, Irish poet (b. 1881)
1920 – Ion Dragoumis, Greek diplomat, writer and revolutionary (b. 1878)
1929 - José de Castro, Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1868)
1940 – Udham Singh, Indian revolutionary (b. 1899)
1944 – Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, French pilot and writer disappeared (b. 1900)
1952 - Waldemar Bonsels, German writer (b. 1880)
1953 – Robert Taft, U.S. Senator from Ohio and Presidential candidate (b. 1889)
1966 - Bud Powell, American pianist (b. 1924)
1969 - Charles Edison, Governor of New Jersey (b. 1890)
1971 - Walter P. Carter, American activist (b. 1923)
1972 – Paul-Henri Spaak, Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1899)
1973 - Azumafuji Kin'ichi, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1921)
1980 – Mohammed Rafi, Indian playback singer (b. 1924)
1980 – Pascual Jordan, German physicist (b. 1902)
1981 – Omar Torrijos, military leader of Panama (b. 1929)
1986 – Chiune Sugihara, Japanese diplomat (b. 1900)
1990 – Albert Leduc, French-Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1902)
1993 – King Baudouin I of Belgium (b. 1930)
From 2001
2001 – Poul Anderson, science fiction writer (b. 1926)
2001 – Francisco da Costa Gomes, 16th President of Portugal (b. 1914)
2003 – Guido Crepax, Italian comics artist (b. 1933)
2004 - Laura Betti, Italian actress and singer (b. 1927)
2004 – Virginia Grey, American actress (b. 1907)
2005 – Wim Duisenberg, Dutch banker and economist (b. 1935)
2009 – Bobby Robson, English footballer and manager (b. 1933)
2010 – Suso Cecchi d'Amico, Italian screenwriter (b. 1914)
2010 - Mitch Miller, American entertainer (b. 1911)
2011 – Eliseo Alberto, Cuban-Mexican writer (b. 1951)
2012 - Alfredo Ramos de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer (b. 1924)
2012 – Gore Vidal, American writer (b. 1925)
2013 - John Graves, American writer (b. 1920)
2013 - Michael Ansara, Syrian-American actor (b. 1922)
2014 - Jorge Jacobson, Argentine journalist (b. 1936)
2014 - Kenny Ireland, Scottish actor (b. 1945)
2014 - Warren Bennis, American scholar and academic (b. 1925)
2014 - Mukku Raju, Indian actor (b. 1931)
2014 - Nabarun Bhattacharya, Indian author (b. 1948)
2015 - Billy Pierce, American baseball player (b. 1927)
2015 - Alan Cheuse, American writer and critic (b. 1940)
2015 - Roddy Piper, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1954)
2015 - Howard W. Jones, American physician (b. 1910)
2015 - Richard Schweiker, American politician (b. 1926)
2016 - Chiyonofuji Mitsugu, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1955)
2016 - Fazil Iskander, Abkhazian writer (b. 1929)
2016 - Seymour Papert, South African-American mathematician and computer scientist (b. 1928)
2016 - Destin Onka Malonga, Congolese footballer (b. 1988)
2017 - Liu Wen-hsiung, Taiwanese politician (b. 1954)
2017 - Jeanne Moreau, French actress (b. 1928)
2017 - Les Murray, Hungarian-Australian broadcaster (b. 1945)
2017 - Francesco La Macchia, Italian sprint canoeist (b. 1938)
2018 - Hélio Bicudo, Brazilian politician (b. 1922)
2018 - Alex Fergusson, Scottish politician (b. 1949)
2018 - Bassano Staffieri, Italian Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1931)
2019 - Harold Prince, American theatre director and producer (b. 1928)
Observances
Ka Hae Hawaii Day
Ignatius of Loyola (Roman Catholicism)
Days of the year |
9824 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aileen%20Wuornos | Aileen Wuornos | Aileen Carol Wuornos Pralle (born Aileen Carol Pittman; February 29, 1956 – October 9, 2002) was an American serial killer. She was born in Rochester, Michigan. She confessed to killing six men in Florida and was executed in Florida State Prison by lethal injection for the murders. Wuornos said that the men she killed had raped her or tried to rape her while she was working as a prostitute.
Wuornos was diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder and borderline personality disorder.
The movie, Monster is about her life. Two documentaries were made about her.
Early life
Wuornos was born Aileen Carol Pittman in Rochester, Michigan. She never met her father. Wuornos was adopted by her grandparents. When she was 13 she became pregnant. She started working as a prostitute when she was 14.
References
1956 births
2002 deaths
American LGBT sex industry people
American prostitutes
Bisexual people
Criminals from Michigan
Executed American serial killers
LGBT criminals
People executed by lethal injection
People with antisocial personality disorder
People with borderline personality disorder
People from Troy, Michigan |
9825 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/May%2020 | May 20 |
Events
Up to 1900
325 - First Council of Nicea: The First Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held.
526 – An earthquake in Syria and Antiochia kills 300,000 people.
685 - The Battle of Dun Nechtain is fought between a Pictish army under King Bridei III and the invading Northumbrians under King Ecgfrith, who are decisively defeated.
1202 – The Mediterranean Sea area and the Middle East are shaken by a strong earthquake, which is believed to have killed a million people.
1449 - The Battle of Alfarrobeira is fought, establishing the House of Braganza as the main Royal Family of Portugal.
1497 – John Cabot sets sail from Bristol to look for a route westwards.
1498 – Portuguese seafarer Vasco da Gama arrives in Calicut, now Kozhikode, India.
1506 – Christopher Columbus dies, still believing he had reached Asia on his expeditions.
1520 - The massacre at the Festival of Toxcatl occurs during the Fall of Tenochtitlan, turning the Aztecs against the Spanish.
1570 – Cartographer Abraham Ortelius issues the first Atlas.
1631 - The city of Magdeburg is seized by forces of the Holy Roman Empire and most of the people who live there are massacred, as one of the bloodiest incidents of the Thirty Years' War.
1813 - Napoleon Bonaparte leads his French troops into the Battle of Bautzen in Saxony. The French troops win the battle on the next day.
1840 – York Minster is badly damaged by fire.
1861 - American Civil War: Kentucky declares its neutrality.
1862 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Homestead Act.
1873 - Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis receive a US patent for blue jeans with copper rivets.
1875 - Signing of the Metre Convention by 17 countries, leading to the creation of the International System of Units.
1882 – Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary form a Triple Alliance.
1883 – Krakatau begins a series of eruptions that end really violently in August.
1884 – Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo becomes the King of the Zulu nation.
1891 - First public display of Thomas Edison's prototype kinetoscope.
1899 - The first traffic ticket in the US is handed out, to taxi driver Jacob German, who is arrested.
1901 2000
1902 – Cuba gains independence from the United States, with Tomas Estrada Palma as its first President.
1927 - Treaty of Jeddah: The UK recognizes the sovereignty of Ibn Saud in the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd, which later becomes Saudi Arabia.
1932 – Amelia Earhart takes off from Newfoundland, on a flight across the Atlantic Ocean. She lands in Ireland the next day.
1940 – Holocaust: The first prisoners arrive at Auschwitz.
1941 - World War II: Battle of Crete - German paratroops invade Crete.
1948 – Chiang Kai-shek is elected the first President of the Republic of China.
1949 - In the US, the Armed Forces Security Agency, the forerunner of the National Security Agency, is established.
1956 – The US drops the first airborne hydrogen bomb on Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands.
1958 - Spain joins the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
1965 – PIA Flight 705, a Boeing 720, crashes on landing at Cairo International Airport in Egypt, killing 119 people.
1968 - Operation OAU begins during the Nigerian Civil War.
1969 - Vietnam War: End of the Battle of Hamburger Hill.
1980 - Voters in Quebec reject independence from Canada in a referendum, with 60% voting that way.
1983 – First publication of the discovery of the HIV virus that leads to AIDS, in the Science journal, by Luc Montagnier.
1989 – Authorities in China declare martial law, leading to the crushing of pro-democracy protests on Tiananmen Square two weeks later.
1990 – Romania holds its first elections following Communist rule.
1990 - The Hubble Space Telescope sends its first photograph to Earth.
From 2001
2001 - The Spanish language Wikipedia starts.
2002 – East Timor becomes independent from Indonesia.
2006 - Nearly 1.8 million garment workers in Bangladesh go on strike, starting a series of strikes against poor working conditions.
2006 – Finnish monster-rock band Lordi wins the 51st Eurovision Song Contest in Athens, Greece, with 292 points.
2012 – Taur Matan Ruak becomes President of East Timor on the 10th anniversary of its independence from Indonesia.
2012 – A magnitude 6 earthquake strikes Northern Italy, killing 7 people and destroying many historic buildings.
2012 – A solar eclipse is seen over part of East Asia, the North Pacific Ocean and Western North America.
2013 - Over 70 people are killed in a series of bomb attacks across Iraq.
2013 - 2013 Moore tornado: A tornado strikes the suburbs of Oklahoma City, with the suburb of Moore being worst affected. 24 people are killed.
2014 - Over 100 people are killed in a bomb attack in Jos, Nigeria.
2014 - Martial law is declared in Thailand during an ongoing political crisis.
2017 - Francisco Guterres becomes President of East Timor.
2019 - Volodymyr Zelensky becomes President of Ukraine.
Births
Up to 1800
1315 – Bonne of Luxembourg, queen of John II of France (d. 1349)
1470 – Pietro Bembo, Italian cardinal (d. 1547)
1554 – Paolo Bellasio, Italian composer (d. 1594)
1593 - Salomo Glassius, German theologian (d. 1656)
1660 – Andreas Schlüter, German sculptor (d. 1714)
1663 – William Bradford, British-born printer (d. 1752)
1706 – Seth Pomeroy, American gunsmith and soldier (d. 1777)
1726 – Francis Cotes, English painter (d. 1770)
1734 - Anton Jansa, Slovenian painter and beekeeper (d. 1773)
1737 – William Petty Fitzmaurice, British statesman (d. 1805)
1743 - Toussaint Louverture, Haitian revolutionary (d. 1803)
1759 – William Thornton, West Indian-born architect (d. 1828)
1764 - Johann Gottfried Schadow, Prussian sculptor and graphic artist (d. 1850)
1768 – Dolley Madison, First Lady of the United States (d. 1849)
1776 - Simon Fraser, American-Canadian fur trader and explorer (d. 1862)
1780 - Bernardino Rivadavia, Argentine statesman (d. 1845)
1772 – Sir William Congreve, English inventor (d. 1828)
1799 – Honoré de Balzac, French novelist (d. 1850)
1801 1900
1802 - David Octavius Hill, Scottish artist and photographer (d. 1870)
1806 – John Stuart Mill, English philosopher (d. 1873)
1811 - Alfred Domett, 4th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1887)
1818 - William Fargo, American businessman and politician (d. 1881)
1822 – Frédéric Passy, French economist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1912)
1830 – Hector Malot, French writer (d. 1907)
1832 – Garretson W. Gibson, President of Liberia (d. 1910)
1838 – Jules Méline, French statesman (d. 1925)
1851 – Emil Berliner, German-born telephone and recording pioneer (d. 1929)
1860 – Eduard Buchner, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1917)
1882 – Sigrid Undset, Norwegian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1949)
1882 - Wladyslaw Sikorski, Polish statesman (d. 1943)
1883 – King Faisal I of Iraq (d. 1933)
1883 - Jan Kaspar, Czech engineer and pilot (d. 1927)
1883 - Johnny Arthur, American actor (d. 1951)
1886 – Ali Sami Yen, Turkish footballer (d. 1951)
1889 - Karin Molander, Swedish actress (d. 1978)
1893 – Asmundur Sveinsson, Icelandic sculptor (d. 1972)
1895 – R. J. (Reginald Joseph) Mitchell, British aircraft designer (d. 1937)
1897 - Diego Abad de Santillan, Spanish writer and economist (d. 1983)
1901 1925
1901 – Max Euwe, Dutch chess player (d. 1981)
1904 - Margery Allingham, English crime fiction writer (d. 1966)
1906 – Giuseppe Siri, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1989)
1908 – James Stewart, American actor (d. 1997)
1908 - Louis Daquin, French actor and director (d. 1980)
1908 - Henry Bolte, Australian politician, 38th Premier of Victoria (d. 1990)
1911 – Gardner Fox, American writer (d. 1986)
1912 – Moses I. Finley, American-British historian (d. 1986)
1912 – Wilfrid Sellars, American philosopher (d. 1989)
1912 - Nereo Rocco, Italian footballer (d. 1979)
1913 - Teodoro Fernandez, Peruvian footballer (d. 1996)
1913 – William Hewlett, American engineer and computer manufacturer (d. 2001)
1915 - Peter Copley, British actor (d. 2008)
1915 – Moshe Dayan, Israeli general and politician (d. 1981)
1916 - Owen Chadwick, English rugby player, historian, writer and theologian (d. 2015)
1916 – Trebisonda Valla, Italian athlete (d. 2006)
1916 – Alexei Petrovich Maresiev, Russian flying ace (d. 2001)
1917 – Bergur Sigurbjörnsson, Icelandic politician (d. 2005)
1917 - Tony Cliff, British activist (d. 2000)
1918 – Edward B. Lewis, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2004)
1919 – George Gobel, American comedian (d. 1991)
1920 – Betty Driver, English singer and actress (d. 2011)
1921 – Wolfgang Borchert, German writer (d. 1947)
1921 - Karl Dedecius, Polish-born German translator (d. 2016)
1921 – Hal Newhouser, American baseball player (d. 1998)
1923 - Israel Gutman, Israeli historian (d. 2013)
1924 - David Chavchavadze, American author and former CIA officer (d. 2014)
1925 – Alexei Tupolev, Russian engineer and aircraft designer (d. 2001)
1926 1950
1926 – Bob Sweikert, American race car driver (d. 1956)
1927 – Bud Grant, American football coach
1927 - Franciszek Macharski, Polish cardinal (d. 2016)
1931 – Ken Boyer, American baseball player (d. 1982)
1935 – José Mujica, 40th President of Uruguay
1936 - Nickey Iyambo, Vice president of Namibia (d. 2019)
1936 – Anthony Zerbe, American actor
1938 - Glauco Sansovini, former Captain-Regent of San Marino (d. 2019)
1938 – Marinella, Greek singer and actress
1938 - Astrid Kirchherr, German photographer
1939 - Balu Mahendra, Indian movie director, screenwriter and actor (d. 2014)
1940 – Stan Mikita, Slovak-born hockey player (d. 2018)
1940 – Sadaharu Oh, Japanese baseball player
1941 – Goh Chok Tong, former Prime Minister of Singapore
1941 – John Strasberg, American actor
1942 - Raymond Chrétien, Canadian lawyer and diplomat
1943 – Al Bano, Italian singer
1944 – Joe Cocker, British singer (d. 2014)
1944 – Boudewijn de Groot, Dutch singer
1944 – Dietrich Mateschitz, Austrian businessman
1945 - Anton Zeilinger, Austrian quantum physicist
1945 - Wally Herger, American politician
1946 – Cher, American actress and singer
1946 - Robert Chua, Singaporean broadcaster
1946 - Bobby Murcer, American baseball player, manager, coach and sportscaster (d. 2008)
1947 – Greg Dyke, British broadcast and football executive
1947 - Sky du Mont, Argentine-German actor
1948 - Jon Amiel, British-American director and producer
1950 - Reinaldo Merlo, Argentine footballer
1950 - Wei Jingsheng, Chinese activist
1951 1975
1951 – Thomas Akers, American astronaut
1952 – Roger Milla, Cameroonian footballer
1953 – Robert Doyle, Australian politician
1954 - Esko Aho, former Prime Minister of Finland
1954 – David Paterson, American politician, 55th Governor of New York
1954 – Cindy McCain, American businesswoman and wife of John McCain
1955 – Zbigniew Preisner, Polish movie composer
1955 - Anton Corbijn, Dutch photographer and movie director
1956 – Ingvar Ambjørnsen, Norwegian writer
1957 – Yoshihiko Noda, former Prime Minister of Japan
1958 – Ron Reagan, American dancer and talk show host
1958 – Jane Wiedlin, American singer (The Go-Go's)
1959 – Israel Kamakawiwo'ole, Hawaiian-American singer (d. 1997)
1959 – Bronson Pinchot, American actor
1960 – John Billingsley, American actor
1960 – Chuck Brodsky, American musician
1960 – Tony Goldwyn, American actor
1961 - Clive Allen, English footballer
1961 - Anna Signeul, Swedish football coach
1962 – Mike Jeffries, American soccer coach
1964 - Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer, British peer, brother of Diana, Princess of Wales
1966 – Mindy Cohn, American actress
1967 - Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece
1967 - Gabriele Muccino, Italian director, producer and screenwriter
1967 - Ramzi Yousef, Kuwaiti-Pakistani terrorist
1968 - Waisale Serevi, Fijian rugby player and coach
1968 – Timothy Olyphant, American actor
1970 – Louis Theroux, British television presenter
1971 – Tony Stewart, American race car driver
1972 – Tina Hobley, British actress
1972 – Busta Rhymes, American singer and rapper
1973 - Elsa Lunghini, French singer-songwriter and actress
1973 - Juris Razgulajevs, Latvian figure skater
From 1976
1976 – Ramón Hernández, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player
1977 – Miriam Parrish, American actress
1977 - Vesa Toskala, Finnish ice hockey player
1978 - Nils Schumann, German athlete
1979 - Rick Edwards, English television presenter
1979 - Andrew Scheer, Canadian politician
1981 – Iker Casillas, Spanish footballer
1981 – Lindsay Taylor, American basketball player
1982 – Petr Cech, Czech footballer
1982 - Natalia Podolskaya, Belarussian singer
1982 - Daniel Ribeiro, Brazilian director, producer and screenwriter
1983 – Oscar Cardozo, Paraguayan footballer
1984 – Patrick Ewing, Jr., American basketball player
1985 - Chris Froome, British cyclist
1986 - Dexter Blackstock, English footballer
1987 - Mike Havenaar, Dutch-Japanese footballer
1987 - Taku Takeuchi, Japanese ski jumper
1987 - Julian Wright, American basketball player
1988 - Miyu Nagase, Japanese singer and guitarist
1991 - Henrik Ojamaa, Estonian footballer
1992 – Cate Campbell, Australian swimmer
1992 - Vaclav Kadlec, Czech footballer
1992 - Jack Gleeson, Irish actor
1993 – Caroline Zhang, American figure skater
Deaths
Up to 1950
685 – King Ecgfrith of Northumbria (b. 645)
1277 – Pope John XII (b. 1215)
1285 – John II of Jerusalem, King of Cyprus (b. 1259)
1444 – Bernardino of Siena, Italian Franciscan missionary (b. 1380)
1449 – Infante Peter, Duke of Coimbra, Prince-regent of Portugal (b. 1392)
1503 – Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian banker, politician and patron of the arts (b. 1463)
1506 – Christopher Columbus, Italian-Spanish seafarer (b. 1451)
1550 – Ashikaga Yoshiharu, Japanese shogun (b. 1510)
1622 – Osman II, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1604)
1648 – Wladislaus IV of Poland (b. 1595)
1717 - John Trevor, English politician (b. 1637)
1793 – Charles Bonnet, Swiss naturalist (b. 1720)
1841 - Joseph Blanco White, Spanish theologian and poet (b. 1775)
1873 - Georges-Etienne Cartier, Canadian politician (b. 1814)
1880 - Henry S. Foote, Governor of Mississippi (b. 1804)
1885 - Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen, American politician, 29th United States Secretary of State (b. 1817)
1896 – Clara Schumann, German pianist (b. 1819)
1903 - Gertrude Guillaume-Schack, German-Swiss activist (b. 1845)
1909 - Ernest Hogan, American actor and composer (b. 1859)
1917 - Philipp von Ferrary, French stamp collector (b. 1850)
1925 - Joseph Howard, 1st Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1862)
1925 - Elias M. Ammons, 18th Governor of Colorado (b. 1860)
1940 – Verner von Heidenstam, Swedish writer (b. 1871)
1946 - Jacob Ellehammer, Danish aviation pioneer and engineer (b. 1871)
1947 – Philipp Lenard, German physicist (b. 1862)
1949 - Archbishop Damaskinos of Athens (b. 1891)
From 1951
1957 – Gilbert Murray, Australian philologist (b. 1866)
1961 – Josef Priller, German military aviator (b. 1915)
1964 – Rudy Lewis, American singer (b. 1936)
1973 – Renzo Pasolini, Italian motorcycle racer (b. 1938)
1973 – Jarno Saarinen, Finnish motorcycle racer (b. 1945)
1974 – Jean Daniélou, French cardinal (b. 1905)
1975 – Barbara Hepworth, British sculptor (b. 1903)
1976 – Syd Howe, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1911)
1984 – Olafur Johannesson, Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1913)
1989 – John Hicks, English economist (b. 1904)
1989 – Gilda Radner, American comedienne and actress (b. 1946)
1992 – Giovanni Colombo, Italian cardinal and Archbishop of Milan (b. 1902)
1996 – Jon Pertwee, British actor (b. 1919)
2000 – Charles Antenen, Swiss footballer (b. 1929)
2000 – David Pearce, British professional boxer (b. 1959)
2000 – Jean-Pierre Rampal, French flautist (b. 1922)
2001 – Renato Carosone, Italian pianist and bandleader (b. 1920)
2002 – Stephen Jay Gould, American paleontologist (b. 1941)
2005 – Paul Ricoeur, French philosopher (b. 1913)
2007 – Stanley Miller, American biologist and chemist (b. 1930)
2008 – Hamilton Jordan, 8th White House Chief of Staff (b. 1944)
2009 – Lucy Gordon, British actress (b. 1980)
2010 – Walter Rudin, Austrian-born mathematician (b. 1921)
2011 – Randy Savage, American pro wrestler (b. 1952)
2012 – Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, Libyan intelligence officer, only person convicted of the 1988 Lockerbie bombing (b. 1952)
2012 – Robin Gibb, British singer and musician (Bee Gees) (b. 1949)
2012 – Eugene Polley, American inventor of the TV remote control (b. 1915)
2013 – Ray Manzarek, American musician and singer (The Doors) (b. 1939)
2014 – Barbara Murray, English actress (b. 1929)
2014 – Arthur Gelb, American editor and author (b. 1924)
2014 – Charles W. Robinson, American businessman and diplomat (b. 1919)
2015 – Sudha Shivpuri, Indian actress (b. 1937)
2015 – Bob Belden, American musician (b. 1956)
2016 – Patricia M. Derian, American activist (b. 1928)
2016 – Miguel de la Quadra-Salcedo, Spanish journalist and athlete (b. 1932)
2016 – Wheelock Whitney, Jr., American businessman (b. 1926)
2016 – Gert Bals, Dutch footballer (b. 1936)
2016 – Brandon Grove, Jr., American diplomat (b. 1929)
2017 – Albert Bouvet, French cyclist (b. 1930)
2017 – Syed Abdullah Khalid, Bangladeshi sculptor (b. 1942)
2017 – Joy Corning, American politician (b. 1932)
2017 – Emile Degelin, Belgian film director (b. 1926)
2017 – Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov, Russian politician (b. 1951)
2018 – Jaroslav Brabec, Czech shot putter (b. 1949)
2018 – Bill Gold, American movie poster artist (b. 1921)
2018 – Richard N. Goodwin, American speechwriter (b. 1931)
2018 – Koo Bon-moo, South Korean business executive (b. 1945)
2018 - Patricia Morison, American actress (b. 1915)
2018 - Rolf Sand, Norwegian actor (b. 1920)
2019 - Sandy D'Alemberte, American lawyer, professor and politician (b. 1933)
2019 - Niki Lauda, Austrian racing driver (b. 1949)
2019 - Miguel Montes Busto, Spanish footballer (b. 1939)
2019 - John Moore, Baron Moore of Lower Marsh, British politician (b. 1939)
2019 - Charles C. Pattillo, American Air Force Lieutenant General (b. 1924)
2019 - Ronnie Virgets, American writer and reporter (b. 1942)
Observances
Independence Day (Cuba and East Timor)
Day of Remembrance (Cambodia)
Emancipation Day (Florida)
Day of National Awakening (Indonesia)
European Maritime Day
National Day (Cameroon)
Days of the year |
9827 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/June%2011 | June 11 |
Events
Up to 1900
1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned, according to calculations by Eratosthenes.
1429 - Hundred Years' War: Battle of Jargeau.
1488 - The Battle of Sauchieburn is fought between rebel Lords and King James III of Scotland, who dies in the battle.
1509 – Henry VIII of England marries Catherine of Aragon.
1594 - King Philip II of Spain recognizes the rights and privileges of the local nobles and chieftains in the Philippines.
1641 - Caracas is struck by its first major earthquake since its founding.
1770 – James Cook reaches the Great Barrier Reef, after his ship, the HMS Endeavour, ran aground there.
1775 - American Revolutionary War: The war's first naval battle is fought in the Battle of Machias.
1776 – The Continental Congress appoints Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert Livingston to the committee of five, to draft the Declaration of Independence.
1788 - Russian explorer Gerasim Izmailov reaches Alaska.
1805 - Large parts of Detroit are destroyed by fire.
1865 - The naval Battle of Riachuelo in the War of the Triple Alliance is fought, with Brazil defeating Paraguay. This battle is important in the Triple Alliance defeating Paraguay in the war.
1881 – The current National Theatre of the Czech Republic, in Prague, is opened.
1898 - Spanish-American War: US warships set sail for Cuba.
1898 - The Hundred Days Reform is started by Guangxu Emperor in China.
1901 2000
1901 – New Zealand annexes the Cook Islands.
1903 - A group of Serbian military officer storm the royal palace in Belgrade and kill King Alexander Obrenovich and Queen Draga of Serbia.
1917 - Alexander of Greece becomes King, after Constantine I of Greece abdicates the throne under pressure from allied armies occupying Athens.
1935 - Edwin Armstrong gives the first public demonstration of FM broadcasting in the United States, in Alpine, New Jersey.
1936 - The International Surrealist Exhibition opens in London.
1937 – Joseph Stalin executes eight army leaders.
1938 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese nationalist government under Chiang Kai-shek orders the flooding of the Yellow River to halt Japanese forces, though more than 500,000 people are killed after not being warned before the flooding.
1938 - Second Sino-Japanese War: The Battle of Wuhan begins.
1945 - The Communist Party of Germany is re-formed.
1947 – US sugar rationing ends.
1955 – More than 80 people are killed in the Le Mans Disaster, the deadliest disaster in motorsport.
1961 - In the night to June 12, 37 electricity pylons are blown up in South Tyrol, a region of Northern Italy that used to be part of Austria. Members of the separatist underground network are considered to be responsible.
1962 – Frank Morris, John Anglin, and Clarence Anglin escape from Alcatraz prison, but are never seen again.
1963 – Buddhist monk Thich Quang Duc sets himself on fire with gasoline in Saigon, in protest at the lack of religious freedom in South Vietnam, under Ngo Dinh Diem.
1963 – Alabama Governor George Wallace refuses to let African American students Vivian Malone Jones and James Hood enroll at the University of Alabama, though he later gives in.
1964 – Retired World War II veteran Walter Seifert, on his 42nd birthday, runs amok in a Cologne school, killing at least 8 children and two teachers and injures many more with a flame thrower and a lance. He poisons himself and dies the next day.
1970 - Anna Mae Hays and Elizabeth P. Hoisington become the first female United States Army generals.
1971 – The prison island of Alcatraz is cleared, and the prison is shut down.
1981 – A magnitude 6.9 earthquake hits Golbaf, in Iran, killing at least 2,000 people.
1987 – Margaret Thatcher is elected to a third term as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1994 - A law in Germany against homosexuality among people aged under 18 is removed.
1996 - A bomb attack on the Moscow Metro kills 4 people and injures 12.
From 2001
2001 – Timothy McVeigh is executed for the Oklahoma bombing.
2002 – United States Congress recognises Antonio Meucci as the inventor of the telephone.
2004 – The Cassini-Huygens probe makes its closest flyby of Saturn's moon Phoebe.
2007 - Mudslides in Chittagong, Bangladesh kill 130 people.
2008 – Prime Minister of Canada Stephen Harper makes a historic apology to the First Nations for abuse in the separation of children from their homes, families and cultures.
2010 – The 2010 FIFA World Cup begins in South Africa. It is the first FIFA World Cup to be held in Africa. The opening game ends in a 1-1 draw between South Africa and Mexico.
2019 - Botswana decriminalises homosexuality, due to a ruling by the country's highest law court.
2019 - 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup: The United States sets a tournament record for the margin of victory, defeating Thailand 13-0 in its opening game of the competition.
Births
Up to 1900
1403 – John IV, Duke of Brabant (d. 1427)
1456 – Anne Neville, wife of Richard III of England (d. 1485)
1572 - Ben Jonson, English playwright, poet, actor and literary critic (d. 1637)
1672 - Francesco Antonio Bonporti, Italian priest and composer (d. 1749)
1690 - Giovanni Antonio Giay, Italian composer (d. 1764)
1696 – Francis Edward James Keith, Scottish soldier and Prussian field marshal (d. 1758)
1697 – Francesco Antonio Vallotti, Italian composer, musical theorist and organist (d. 1780)
1704 – Carlos Seixas, Portuguese composer (d. 1742)
1723 – Johann Georg Palitzsch, German astronomer (d. 1788)
1726 - Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain (d. 1746)
1741 – Joseph Warren, American doctor and soldier (d. 1775)
1776 – John Constable, English painter (d. 1837)
1797 - José Trinidad Reyes, Honduran theorist and philosopher (d. 1855)
1815 – Julia Margaret Cameron, English photographer (d. 1879)
1818 - Alexander Bain, Scottish philosopher (d. 1903)
1829 - Edward Braddon, Australian politician, 18th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1904)
1832 - Augustus Hill Garland, Governor of Arkansas (d. 1899)
1842 – Carl von Linde, German engineer and industrialist (d. 1934)
1847 – Millicent Fawcett, British suffragette and feminist (d. 1929)
1857 – Antoni Grabowski, early supporter of Esperanto (d. 1921)
1861 - Alexander Peacock, Australian politician, 20th Premier of Victoria (d. 1933)
1864 – Richard Strauss, German composer (d. 1949)
1871 - Stjepan Radic, Croatian politician (d. 1928)
1875 - George Herbert Walker, American banker (d. 1953)
1879 - Roger Bresnahan, American baseball player and manager (d. 1944)
1880 – Jeannette Rankin, American politician, feminist and pacifist (d. 1973)
1888 – Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Italian anarchist (d. 1927)
1894 - Kiichiro Toyoda, Japanese entrepreneur (d. 1952)
1894 - Dai Vernon, Canadian magician (d. 1992)
1895 – Nikolai Bulganin, Soviet politician (d. 1975)
1897 - Ram Prasad Bismil, Indian revolutionary (d. 1927)
1899 - Yasunari Kawabata, Japanese writer (d. 1972)
1901 1950
1903 – Ernie Nevers, American football player (d. 1976)
1904 - Pinetop Smith, American blues pianist (d. 1929)
1908 - Francisco Marto, Portuguese religious figure (d. 1919)
1908 - Karl Hein, German hammer thrower (d. 1982)
1910 – Jacques-Yves Cousteau, French documentary movie maker and marine biologist (d. 1997)
1910 – Carmine Coppola, American composer, director and songwriter (d. 1991)
1912 - James Algar, American film director, screenwriter and producer (d. 1998)
1913 – Vince Lombardi, American football coach (d. 1970)
1914 - Rufus Isaacs, American mathematician (d. 1977)
1914 - Gerald Mohr, American actor (d. 1968)
1915 - Magda Gabor, Hungarian-American actress (d. 1997)
1915 - Nicholas Metropolis, American physicist, mathematician and computer scientist (d. 1999)
1918 - Ruth Aarons, American table tennis player (d. 1980)
1919 – Richard Todd, Irish-British actor (d. 2009)
1920 – King Mahendra of Nepal (d. 1972)
1920 - Keith Seaman, 29th Governor of South Australia (d. 2013)
1920 – Hazel Scott, Trinidad and Tobago-born American singer (d. 1981)
1922 – Michael Cacoyannis, Cypriot movie director and producer (d. 2011)
1922 - Alberto Bovone, Italian cardinal (d. 1998)
1922 – Walter Seifert, German retired World War II veteran, ran amok in a Cologne school (d. 1964)
1925 – William Styron, American writer (d. 2006)
1927 - Asghar Bichareh, Iranian photographer and actor (d. 2016)
1928 – Queen Fabiola of Belgium, former Queen Consort of Belgium (d. 2014)
1929 - Antonio Pujía, Argentine sculptor (d. 2018)
1930 - Charles B. Rangel, American politician
1930 - Ellen Schwiers, German actress (d. 2019)
1932 - Athol Fugard, South African-American actor, director and playwright
1932 - Tim Sainsbury, English businessman and politician
1933 – Gene Wilder, American actor, director, screenwriter and author (d. 2016)
1934 – Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark (d. 2018)
1936 - Chad Everett, American actor (d. 2012)
1937 - Rino Marchesi, Italian footballer
1937 – Robin Warren, Australian pathologist
1939 – Jackie Stewart, Scottish racing driver
1939 - Diana Moran, English model, fitness expert and journalist
1942 - Gunter Gabriel, German singer, musician and composer (d. 2017)
1943 - Henry Hill, American convict (d. 2012)
1945 – Adrienne Barbeau, American actress
1945 - Robert Munsch, Canadian children’s author
1946 - Jenny Pitman, English racehorse trainer
1947 - Richard Palmer-James, English musician
1947 - Lalu Prasad Yadav, Indian politician, 20th Chief Minister of Bihar
1948 - Lynsey de Paul, English singer-songwriter, pianist and actress (d. 2014)
1949 – Frank Beard, American musician (ZZ Top)
1949 - Tom Pryce, Welsh racing driver (d. 1977)
1949 - Ingrid Newkirk, English-American animal rights activist, co-founder of PETA
1951 1975
1952 - Yekaterina Podkopayeva, Russian middle-distance runner
1952 – Anote Tong, former President of Kiribati
1952 – Donnie Van Zant, American rock musician and singer
1952 - Doris Maletzki, German athlete
1953 - Peter Bergman, American actor
1956 – Joe Montana, American football player
1959 – Hugh Laurie, British actor
1960 – Mehmet Oz, Turkish-American television host, surgeon and inventor
1961 - María Barranco, Spanish actress
1962 – Jack Irons, American musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
1962 - Mano Menezes, Brazilian footballer and coach
1963 – Bruce Kimball, American diver
1963 - Sandra Schmirler, Canadian curler (d. 2000)
1964 - Kim Gallagher, American athlete
1965 – Joey Santiago, Filipino guitarist
1965 – Manuel Uribe, Mexican computer repairman, one of the heaviest people on record (d. 2014).
1968 – Prince Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein
1969 – Peter Dinklage, American actor
1969 - Bryan Fogarty, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2002)
1970 - Chris Rice, American singer
1971 - Liz Kendall, English politician
1975 - Choi Ji Woo, South Korean actress and model
From 1976
1977 - Geoff Ogilvy, Australian golfer
1977 – Ryan Dunn, American television star and stuntman (d. 2011)
1977 - Ben Peyton, British actor
1978 – Joshua Jackson, Canadian actor
1982 – Johnny Candido, American professional wrestler
1982 - Joey Graham, American basketball player
1982 - Stephen Graham, American basketball player
1982 - Haakon Opdal, Norwegian footballer
1982 – Diana Taurasi, American basketball player
1983 – Chuck Hayes, American basketball player
1984 - Vágner Love, Brazilian footballer
1986 – Shia LaBeouf, American actor.
1986 - Magaly Solier, Peruvian actress and singer
1987 – TiA, Japanese singer
1987 – Didrik Solli-Tangen, Norwegian singer
1987 – Dappy, English rapper and actor (N-Dubz)
1988 - Yui Aragaki, Japanese actress and model
1988 - Claire Holt, Australian actress and model
1989 - Maya Moore, American basketball player
1990 - Christophe Lemaitre, French sprinter
1990 - Sherina Munaf, Indonesian actress and singer
1991 - Dan Powell, English YouTube personality
1992 - Jordanne Whiley, English wheelchair tennis player
1994 – Ivana Baquero, Spanish actress
1996 - Ayaka Sasaki, Japanese singer
Deaths
Up to 1950
1183 – Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England (b. 1155)
1216 – Henry of Flanders, Emperor of the Latin Empire
1298 - Blessed Yolanda of Poland (b. 1235)
1488 – King James III of Scotland (b. 1451)
1557 – King John III of Portugal (b. 1502)
1727 – King George I of Great Britain (b. 1660)
1796 - Samuel Whitbread, English brewer and politician (b. 1720)
1847 – John Franklin, British naval officer and Arctic explorer (b. 1786)
1852 – Karl Briullov, Russian painter (b. 1799)
1859 – Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, Austrian statesman (b. 1773)
1868 - James Brooke, English adventurer (b. 1803)
1879 – William, Prince of Orange, heir to the throne of the Netherlands (b. 1840)
1882 - Louis Désiré Maigret, French bishop (b. 1804)
1897 - Henry Ayers, 8th Premier of South Australia (b. 1821)
1903 – Nikolai Bulgaev, Russian mathematician (b. 1837)
1903 – Alexander Obrenovich, King of Serbia (b. 1876)
1903 – Draga Lunjevica, Queen of Serbia (b. 1861)
1911 - James Curtis Hepburn, American physician and missionary (b. 1815)
1913 - Mahmud Shevket Pasha, Ottoman general and politician (b. 1856)
1914 – Adolf Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1848)
1924 - Theodore Dubois, French organist, composer and educator (b. 1837)
1934 - Lev Vygotsky, Russian psychologist (b. 1896)
1941 – Daniel Carter Beard, founder of the Boy Scouts of America (b. 1850)
1948 - Hugh M. Dorsey, American politician, Governor of Georgia (b. 1871)
1949 - Koçi Xoxe, Albanian politician (b. 1911)
1951 2000
1955 – Pierre Levegh, French racing driver (b. 1905)
1956 - Corrado Alvaro, Italian writer (b. 1895)
1963 – Thich Quang Duc, Vietnamese Buddhist monk (b. 1897)
1964 – Phibul Songkhram, Thai Prime Minister and military leader (b. 1897)
1965 – José Mendes Cabecades, Portuguese politician (b. 1883)
1967 - Ernesto Ruffini, Italian cardinal (b. 1888)
1970 – Frank Laubach, Christian missionary (b. 1884)
1974 - Eurico Gaspar Dutra, President of Brazil (b. 1883)
1974 - Julius Evola, Italian politician (b. 1922)
1979 – John Wayne, American actor (b. 1907)
1984 – Enrico Berlinguer, Italian politician (b. 1922)
1988 – Giuseppe Saragat, 5th President of Italy (b. 1898)
1996 - Brigitte Helm, German actress (b. 1908)
1998 – Catherine Cookson, British writer (b. 1906).
1998 - Thomas Abernethy, American politician, Governor of Mississippi (b. 1903)
1999 – DeForest Kelley, American actor (b. 1920)
From 2001
2001 - Pierre Eyt, French cardinal (b. 1934)
2001 – Timothy McVeigh, American terrorist (b. 1968)
2004 – Mario Jeckle, German computer programmer (b. 1974)
2005 - Vasco Gonçalves, Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1922)
2006 - Bruce Shand, father of Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall (b. 1917)
2008 – Ove Andersson, Swedish rally driver (b. 1939).
2008 – Vo Van Kiet, Vietnamese politician (b. 1922).
2010 – Zenani Mandela, great-granddaughter of Nelson Mandela (b. 1997).
2011 – Kurt Nielsen, Danish tennis player (b. 1930).
2011 – Seth Putnam, American musician (b. 1968).
2011 – Eliyahu M. Goldratt, Israeli physicist (b. 1947).
2012 – Ann Rutherford, Canadian-American actress (b. 1920).
2012 – Teófilo Stevenson, Cuban boxer (b. 1952).
2013 - Robert Fogel, American economic historian (b. 1926).
2013 - Evelyn Kozak, American supercentenarian (b. 1899)
2013 - Vidya Charan Shukla, Indian politician (b. 1929)
2014 - Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos, Spanish conductor and composer (b. 1933)
2014 - Mipham Chokyi Lodro, Tibetan Buddhist teacher (b. 1952)
2014 - Ruby Dee, American actress, poet, playwright, screenwriter, journalist and activist (b. 1922)
2014 - Gilles Ségal, French actor and playwright (b. 1929)
2015 - Ron Moody, English actor (b. 1924)
2015 - Ornette Coleman, American saxophonist and free jazz pioneer (b. 1930)
2015 - Dusty Rhodes, American professional wrestler (b. 1945)
2015 - Jack King, American public affairs officer (b. 1931)
2015 - Jim Ed Brown, American country singer (b. 1934)
2015 - Sebastiano Mannironi, Italian weightlifter (b. 1930)
2016 - Rudi Altig, German cyclist (b. 1937)
2016 - Shaibu Amodu, Nigerian football manager (b. 1958)
2016 - Asghar Bichareh, Iranian photographer and actor (b. 1927)
2016 - Bryan Robinson, American football player (b. 1974)
2017 - Errol Christie, British boxer (b. 1963)
2017 - Jim Graham, Scottish-born American politician (b. 1945)
2017 - Geoffrey Rowell, British Anglican prelate (b. 1943)
2018 - Victoria Kalima, Zambian politician (b. 1972)
2018 - Norma Bessouet, Argentine artist (b. 1940)
2018 - John Coates, Australian general (b. 1932)
2018 - Oscar Furlong, Argentine basketball player and tennis coach (b. 1927)
2018 - Yvette Horner, French accordionist (b. 1922)
2019 - Domenico De Simone, Italian politician (b. 1926)
2019 - Martin Feldstein, American economist (b. 1939)
2019 - Gabriele Grunewald, American runner (b. 1986)
2019 - Velvel Pasternak, Canadian-American musicologist (b. 1933)
2019 - Valeria Valeri, Italian actress (b. 1921)
Observances
Kamehameha Day, official state holiday in Hawaii
Birthday of Prince Henrik (Denmark)
St. Barnabas Day
Days of the year |
9835 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%205 | April 5 |
Events
Up to 1900
823 - Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I.
1081 - Alexios I Komnenos is crowned Emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
1242 – During a battle on the ice of Chudskoye Lake, Russian forces rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights.
1566 - Two-hundred Dutch noblemen, led by Hendrick van Brederode, force themselves into the presence of Margaret of Parma and present the Petition of Compromise, denouncing the Spanish Inquisition in the Netherlands.
1614 – In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe.
1621 – The Mayflower sets sail from Plymouth on a return trip to Great Britain.
1654 – The Treaty of Westminster is signed, ending the First Anglo-Dutch War.
1690 – Patrizio Cardinal Ficca is elected pope and takes the name Patricius I.
1710 - The Statute of Anne receives the Royal Assent, establishing the copyright law of Great Britain.
1722 – Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen reaches an island in the South Pacific on Easter Sunday. He names it Easter Island. He is the first European to visit the island.
1792 – United States President George Washington vetos a bill designed to apportion representatives among U.S. states. This is the first time the presidential veto is used in the United States.
1804 – The first recorded meteorite falls in Possil, Scotland (High Possil Meteorite).
1815 - Tambora's eruption in Indonesia begins.
1818 - Battle of Maipu: Chile's independence movement, led by Bernardo O'Higgins and Jose de San Martin, wins a decisive victory over Spain, with 2,000 Spaniards and 1,000 Chileans patriots dying in the battle.
1847 - Birkenhead Park, the first civic public park in the United Kingdom, is opened in Birkenhead.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Yorktown. The battle begins when Union forces under General George McClellan close in on the Confederate capital Richmond, Virginia.
1879 – Chile declares war on Peru and Bolivia.
1901 2000
1902 – A stand at the Ibrox stadium in Glasgow collapses during a Scotland v. England football match, killing 25 people.
1904 - First international rugby league game.
1908 – The Germany national football team played its first-ever match, losing 5-3 to the Switzerland national football team, which recorded its first-ever win.
1922 - The American Birth Control League is incorporated.
1923 – Firestone Tire and Rubber Company starts production of balloon-tires.
1930 – In an act of civil disobedience, Mohandas Gandhi breaks British law after marching to the sea and making salt.
1932 - Alcohol prohibition in Finland ends.
1932 - Dominion of Newfoundland: 10,000 rioters seize the Colonial Building, leading to the end of self-government.
1936 – Tupelo-Gainesville Outbreak: A F5 tornado slams into the north side of Tupelo, Mississippi, killing 233. It is the 4th deadliest tornado in United States history.
1942 – World War II: The Japanese Navy attacks Colombo in Ceylon (Sri Lanka). Royal Navy cruisers HMS Cornwall and HMS Dorsetshire are sunk southwest of the island.
1943 - World War II: American bomber aircraft accidentally kill over 900 civilians in the town of Mortsel, Belgium.
1944 - World War II: 270 people living in the Greek town of Kleisoura are executed by German troops.
1945 - Georgian Uprising of Texel takes place.
1945 – Cold War: Yugoslav leader Josip "Tito" Broz signs an agreement with the USSR allowing "temporary entry of Soviet troops into Yugoslav territory."
1946 – Soviet troops leave the island of Bornholm, Denmark, after an 11-month occupation.
1949 – Fireside Theatre is first broadcast on television.
1949 – A fire in a hospital in Effingham, Illinois, United States, kills 77 people.
1951 – Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are sentenced to death for performing espionage for the Soviet Union.
1955 – Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom amid indications of failing health.
1956 – In Sri Lanka, the Mahajana Eksath Peramuna won the general elections by many votes and S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike is sworn in as the Prime Minister.
1956 - Fidel Castro declares himself to be at war with the President of Cuba, Fulgencio Batista.
1957 – In India, Communists win the first elections in united Kerala. E. M. S. Namboodiripad is sworn in as the first chief minister.
1969 – Vietnam War: Massive antiwar demonstrations are held in New York City, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and other cities around the United States.
1971 – In Sri Lanka, Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna launches insurrection against the United Front government of Mrs Sirimavo Bandaranaike.
1972 – Vietnam War: North Vietnamese forces invade Binh Long Province, launching a second front of the Nguyen Hue Offensive.
1973 – Pierre Messmer becomes Prime Minister of France
1976 – In the People's Republic of China, the April Fifth Movement leads to the Tiananmen incident.
1976 - James Callaghan becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and leader of the Labour Party, replacing Harold Wilson in both positions.
1980 - A memorial to Chiang Kai-shek is opened in Taipei, Taiwan, on the fifth anniversary of his death.
1986 – Bombing of the La Belle discothèque in West Berlin, Germany, kills three.
1991 – ASA Embraer EMB 120 crashes in Brunswick, Georgia, United States, killing all 23 aboard.
1992 – Several hundred-thousand abortion rights demonstrators march in Washington, D.C..
1992 – The Siege of Sarajevo begins when Serb paramilitaries murder peace protestor Suada Dilberovic on the Skenderija Bridge.
1993 – The Child Support Act 1991, administered by the Child Support Agency, comes into effect in the United Kingdom.
1994 - Kurt Cobain, popular musician in the rock music band Nirvana, commits suicide at the age of 27. His body is found three days later.
1998 – In Japan, the Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge linking Shikoku with Honshu and costing about US$3.8 billion, opens to traffic, becoming the largest suspension bridge in the world.
1999 – Two Libyans suspected of bringing down Pan Am Flight 103 in 1988 are handed over for eventual trial in the Netherlands.
1999 – In Laramie, Wyoming, United States, Russell Henderson pleads guilty to kidnapping and felony murder in order to avoid a possible death penalty conviction for the hate crime killing of Matthew Shepard.
From 2001
2005 – ABC News anchor Peter Jennings announces on World News Tonight that he has been diagnosed with lung cancer. It was his last on-air appearance.
2009 – North Korea launches the Kwangmyongsong rocket, which passed over Japan, and led to international condemnation.
2012 - President of Malawi Bingu wa Mutharika dies aged 78; Joyce Banda replaces him.
2016 - Prime Minister of Iceland Sigmundur David Gunnlaugsson resigns after his name appeared in the Panama Papers about tax schemes of the rich and famous.
Births
Up to 1800
1170 - Isabella of Hainault (died 1190)
1288 – Emperor Go-Fushimi of Japan (died 1336)
1315 - James III of Mallorca (died 1349)
1472 – Bianca Maria Sforza, daughter of Duke Galeazzo Maria Sforza of Milan and wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1510)
1479 – Guru Amar Das, third Sikh Guru (died 1574)
1568 - Pope Urban VIII (died 1644)
1588 – Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher (died 1679)
1593 - George Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg (died 1603)
1595 - John Wilson, English composer and educator (died 1674)
1604 - Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine (died 1675)
1622 - Vincenzo Viviani, Italian mathematician (died 1703)
1649 – Elihu Yale, American university benefactor (died 1721)
1692 – Adrienne Lecouvreur, French actress (died 1730)
1719 - Axel von Fersen the Elder, Swedish statesman and soldier (died 1794)
1726 - Benjamin Harrison V, American politician (died 1791)
1727 - Pasquale Anfossi, Italian composer (died 1797)
1732 – Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French artist (died 1806)
1761 - Sybil Ludington, heroine of the American Revolutionary War (died 1839)
1784 – Louis Spohr, German violinist and composer (died 1859)
1801 1900
1816 – Samuel Freeman Miller, United States Supreme Court justice (died 1890)
1820 – Nadar, French photographer, writer and balloonist (died 1910)
1827 – Joseph Lister, English surgeon (died 1912)
1832 - Jules Ferry, French statesman (died 1893)
1837 – Algernon Charles Swinburne, English poet (died 1909)
1839 - Robert Smalls, American pilot and politician (died 1915)
1840 - Ghazars Aghayan, Armenian historian and linguist (died 1911)
1856 – Booker T. Washington, American educator (died 1915)
1857 – Alexander of Battenberg, Prince of Bulgaria (died 1893)
1863 – Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine (died 1950)
1869 - Sergei Chaplygin, Russian physicist and engineer (died 1942)
1869 - Albert Roussel, French composer (died 1937)
1871 – Mirko Seljan, Croatian explorer
1875 – Mistinguett, French vaudeville performer (died 1956)
1877 – Walter Sutton, American geneticist (died 1916)
1878 - Paul Weinstein, German high jumper (died 1964)
1883 - Walter Huston, Canadian-born American actor (died 1950)
1884 - Ion Iaculet, Romanian statesman (died 1940)
1893 - Clas Thunberg, Finnish speed skater (died 1973)
1899 - Alfred Blalock, American surgeon (died 1964)
1899 - Elsie Thompson, American supercentenarian (died 2013)
1900 – Spencer Tracy, American actor (died 1967)
1900 - Herbert Bayer, Austrian-American graphic designer (died 1985)
1900 - Roman Steinberg, Estonian wrestler (died 1928)
1901 1925
1901 – Melvyn Douglas, American actor (died 1981)
1901 - Chester Bowles, American politician, Governor of Connecticut (died 1986)
1904 - Richard Eberhart, American poet (died 2005)
1905 - Sanya Dharmasakti, Prime Minister of Thailand (died 2002)
1905 – Bill Raisch, American actor (died 1984)
1908 – Bette Davis, American actress (died 1989)
1908 – Herbert von Karajan, Austrian conductor (died 1989)
1908 – Jagjivan Ram, Indian politician (died 1986)
1909 – Albert R. Broccoli, American movie producer (died 1996)
1911 - Hedi Amaira Nouira, Prime Minister of Tunisia (died 1993)
1912 – John Le Mesurier, British actor (died 1983)
1912 - Ricardo Arias, 29th President of Panama (died 1993)
1912 - Makar Honcharenko, Ukrainian footballer (died 1997)
1912 - Bill Roberts, English sprinter (died 2001)
1913 - Ruth Smith, Faroese artist (died 1958)
1916 – Gregory Peck, American actor (died 2003)
1917 – Robert Bloch, American writer (died 1994)
1919 - Les Munro, New Zealand pilot (died 2015)
1920 – Barend Biesheuvel, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (died 2001)
1920 - Chatichai Choonhavan, Prime Minister of Thailand (died 1998)
1920 – Arthur Hailey, American writer (died 2004)
1922 – Tom Finney, English footballer (died 2014)
1922 – Gale Storm, American singer and actress
1922 – Christopher Hewett, British actor (died 2001)
1923 – Nguyen Van Thieu, South Vietnamese president (died 2001)
1923 – Michael Gazzo, American actor (died 1995)
1926 1950
1926 – Roger Corman, American movie director, producer, and writer
1929 – Hugo Claus, Belgian writer (died 2008)
1929 – Ivar Giaever, Norwegian physicist
1929 - Joe Meek, English record producer (died 1967)
1929 – Nigel Hawthorne, British actor (died 2001)
1930 - Mary Costa, American singer and actress
1931 – Boris Strugatsky, Russian writer (died 1991)
1933 – Larry Felser, American sports columnist and writer
1934 – Frank Gorshin, American actor (died 2005)
1934 – Roman Herzog, German politician, former President of Germany (died 2017)
1934 - Richard Peck, American novelist (died 2018)
1935 - Donald Lynden-Bell, English astrophysicist and astronomer
1937 – Colin Powell, 65th United States Secretary of State
1939 – Leka, Crown Prince of Albania, Albanian royal and pretender (died 2011)
1939 - David Winters, English-American actor and choreographer (died 2019)
1939 – Crispian St. Peters, British singer
1941 – Michael Moriarty, American actor and political activist
1942 – Pascal Couchepin, Swiss politician
1942 - Allan Clarke, English singer
1942 – Peter Greenaway, Welsh movie director
1943 - Jean-Louis Tauran, French cardinal (died 2018)
1943 – Max Gail, American actor
1944 - Peter T. King, American politician
1945 - Tommy Smith, English footballer (died 2019)
1946 – Jane Asher, English actress and writer
1947 – Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, 14th President of the Philippines
1947 - Virendra Sharma, Indian-English actor
1948 - Dave Holland, English musician
1948 - Les Binks, Northern Irish drummer
1949 – Judith Resnik, American astronaut (died 1986)
1950 - Spencer Bohren, American guitarist (died 2019)
1950 – Agnetha Fältskog, Swedish singer (ABBA)
1951 1975
1952 - Alfie Conn Jr., Scottish footballer
1954 – Stan Ridgway, American musician
1955 - Akira Toriyama, Japanese manga artist
1955 - Charlotte de Turckheim, French actress, producer and screenwriter
1955 – Anthony Horowitz, British writer
1956 – Akmal Shaikh, British citizen executed for drug trafficking in China (died 2009)
1958 - Lasantha Wickrematunge, Sri Lankan journalist (died 2009)
1958 - Johan Kriek, South African tennis player
1961 - Lisa Zane, American actress
1962 – Lana Clarkson, American actress (died 2003)
1962 - Richard Gough, Scottish footballer
1964 - Steve Beaton, English darts player
1964 - Princess Erika, French singer-songwriter and actress
1965 – Mike McCready, American musician (Pearl Jam)
1965 - Aykut Kocaman, Turkish footballer and manager
1970 - Krishnan Guru-Murthy, British journalist
1970 - Miho Hatori, Japanese singer-songwriter
1971 - Ayoko Nishikawa, Japanese television personality, entertainer, comedian and surgeon
1972 – Paul Okon, Australian footballer
1972 - Yasuhiro Takemoto, Japanese animator and movie director
1973 – Pharrell Williams, American musician and producer (The Neptunes)
1974 - Vyacheslav Voronin, Russian high jumper
1975 – John Hartson, Welsh footballer
1975 - Caitlin Moran, English journalist, author and critic
From 1976
1976 – Kim Collins, Saint Kitts and Nevis athlete
1976 – Simone Inzaghi, Italian footballer
1976 – Fernando Morientes, Spanish footballer
1977 - Stella Creasy, English psychologist and politician
1978 – Franziska van Almsick, German swimmer
1978 – Dwain Chambers, British athlete
1978 – Stephen Jackson, American basketball player
1979 - Imany, French singer
1979 – Timo Hildebrand, German footballer, goalkeeper
1979 - Mitsuo Ogasawara, Japanese footballer
1979 - Daniel Majstorovic, Swedish footballer
1979 - Andrius Velicka, Lithuanian footballer
1980 – Joris Mathijsen, Dutch footballer
1980 - Erik Audé, American actor, stuntman and poker player
1981 - Stefan Ludik, Namibian cricketer, actor and singer
1981 - Michael A. Monsoor, American soldier (d. 2006)
1982 – Hayley Atwell, British actress
1982 – Thomas Hitzlsperger, German footballer
1982 – Matt Pickens, American footballer
1983 – Jorge Andrés Martinez, Uruguayan footballer
1984 - Maartje Goderie, Dutch field hockey player
1984 - Kisho Yano, Japanese footballer
1984 - Aram Mp3, Armenian singer
1984 - David Dillehunt, American movie director, producer and composer
1985 - Kim Ji-hoo, South Korean model and actor (died 2008)
1986 - Anna Sophia Berglund, American model
1988 - Christopher Papamichalopoulos, Cypriot skier
1990 - Sophia Papamichalopoulos, Cypriot skier
1990 - Haruma Miura, Japanese actor
1992 - Emmalyn Estrada, Canadian singer and dancer
Deaths
Up to 1900
517 - Timothy I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
582 - Eutychus, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
1419 - Vincent Ferrer, Spanish missionary and saint (b. 1350)
1617 – Alonso Lobo, Spanish composer (b. 1555)
1676 – John Winthrop, the Younger, American politician (b. 1606)
1693 - Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier (b. 1627)
1697 - King Charles IX of Sweden (b. 1655)
1717 – Jean Jouvenet, French painter (b. 1647)
1735 - William Derham, English minister and philosopher (b. 1657)
1735 - Samuel Wesley, English clergyman and poet (b. 1662)
1765 - Edward Young, English poet (b. 1683)
1794 - Georges Danton, French Revolutionary leader (b. 1759)
1794 – Camille Desmoulins, French journalist and politician (b. 1760)
1804 - Jean-Charles Pichegru, French general (b. 1761)
1834 - Richard Goodwin Keats, English admiral (b. 1757)
1864 - Alaric Alexander Watts, English poet and journalist (b. 1797)
1900 - Joseph Louis François Bertrand, French mathematician (b. 1822)
1901 2000
1918 - George Tupou II, King of Tonga (b. 1874)
1923 - George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, English financier (b. 1886)
1936 - Chandler Egan, American golfer (b. 1884)
1940 - Charles Freer Andrews, English priest, missionary and educator (b. 1871)
1945 – Karl Otto Koch, German SS officer (b. 1897)
1946 - Vincent Youmans, American composer and producer (b. 1898)
1964 – Douglas MacArthur, American general (b. 1880)
1967 – Hermann Joseph Muller, American geneticist (b. 1890)
1969 - Ain-Erven Mere, Estonian military officer (b. 1903)
1970 - Alfred Henry Sturtevant, American geneticist (b. 1891)
1972 - Brian Donleavy, American actor (b. 1901)
1972 - Isabel Jewell, American actress (b. 1907)
1975 – Chiang Kai-shek, President of the Republic of China (b. 1887)
1975 – John A. Burns, Governor of Hawaii (b. 1909)
1976 – Howard Hughes, American aviator (b. 1905)
1981 - Bob Hite, American singer (b. 1945)
1987 - Jan Lindblad, Swedish naturalist, writer and photographer (b. 1932)
1991 - Sonny Carter, American astronaut (b. 1947)
1992 – Sam Walton, American businessman (b. 1918)
1994 – Kurt Cobain, American singer/songwriter, frontman of Nirvana. (b. 1967)
1997 – Allen Ginsberg, American poet (b. 1926)
1998 - Cozy Powell, English musician (b. 1947)
From 2001
2002 - Layne Staley, American musician (b. 1967)
2004 – Heiner Zieschang, German mathematician (b. 1936)
2005 – Saul Bellow, Canadian writer (b. 1915)
2005 – Dale Messick, American cartoonist (b. 1906)
2006 – Gene Pitney, American singer (b. 1940)
2007 - Mark St. John, American musician (b. 1956)
2008 – Charlton Heston, American actor (b. 1923)
2010 – Vitali Sevastyanov, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1935)
2011 – Ange-Félix Patassé, former President of the Central African Republic (b. 1937)
2011 – Baruch Samuel Blumberg, American physician (b. 1925)
2012 – Barney McKenna, Irish musician (Dubliners) (b. 1939)
2012 – Bingu wa Mutharika, President of Malawi (b. 1934)
2012 - Jim Marshall, businessman and founder of Marshall Amplification (b. 1923)
2012 - Ferdinand Alexander Porsche, German businessman (b. 1935)
2014 - Peter Matthiessen, American author (b. 1927)
2014 - John Pinette, American actor and comedian (b. 1964)
2014 - José Wilker, Brazilian actor, director and producer (b. 1947)
2014 - Wayne Henderson, American jazz trombonist and record producer (b. 1939)
2015 - Donald N. Levine, American sociologist, social theorist and writer (b. 1931)
2015 - Julie Wilson, American actress (b. 1924)
2015 - Fredric Brandt, American dermatologist (b. 1949)
2015 - Richard Dysart, American actor (b. 1929)
2015 - Lon Simmons, American sports broadcaster (b. 1923)
2015 - Gordon Moyes, Australian radio evangelist and politician (b. 1938)
2016 - Roman Gribbs, American politician (b. 1925)
2016 - Zyta Gilowska, Polish politician (b. 1949)
2016 - Zena Latto, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1925)
2016 - E. M. Nathanson, American author (b. 1928)
2017 - Arthur Bisguier, American chess player (b. 1929)
2017 - John Chittick, American health activist (b. 1948)
2017 - David Gove, American ice hockey player (b. 1978)
2017 - Paul O'Neill, American producer, composer and songwriter (b. 1956)
2017 - Memè Perlini, Italian actor and director (b. 1947)
2017 - Atanase Sciotnic, Romanian sprint canoeist (b. 1942)
2017 - Ilkka Sinisalo, Finnish ice hockey player (b. 1958)
2018 - Yuriy Abramochkin, Russian photographer and photojournalist (b. 1936)
2018 - Eric Bristow, English darts player (b. 1957)
2018 - Frederick D. Reese, American civil rights activist (b. 1929)
2018 - Isao Takahata, Japanese film director, animator and screenwriter (b. 1935)
2018 - Cecil Taylor, American jazz pianist and poet (b. 1929)
2018 - Tim O'Connor, American actor (b. 1927)
2018 - Jaime Thorne León, Peruvian politician (b. 1943)
2019 - Sydney Brenner, South African-British biologist (b. 1927)
2019 - Nikolay Kovalyov, Russian politician (b. 1949)
2019 - Gianfranco Leoncini, Italian footballer (b. 1939)
2019 - Lasse Pöysti, Finnish actor, director, theatre manager and writer (b. 1927)
2019 - Shawn Smith, American singer, songwriter and musician (b. 1965)
Observances
Feast Day of Saint Vincent Ferrer (Roman Catholicism)
Sikmogil (South Korea)
Children's Day (Palestinian territories)
April 05 |
9836 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2026 | January 26 |
Events
Up to 1900
1340 – King Edward III of England is declared King of France.
1500 – Vicente Yáñez Pinzón becomes the first European to discover Brazil.
1531 – Lisbon, Portugal hit by an earthquake—thousands die.
1564 - The Council of Trent issues its conclusions in the Tridentinum, establishing a difference between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism.
1564 - The Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Tsardom of Russia in the Battle of Ula, during the Livonian War.
1699 – Treaty of Carlowitz signed.
1700 – The magnitude 9 Cascadia Earthquake took place off the coast of the American Northwest, as evidenced by Japanese records.
1736 – Stanislaus I of Poland abdicates his throne.
1782 - American War of Independence: The Naval Battle of Saint Kitts between British and French forces ends in British victory under Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, though the French still manage to take over the island anyway.
1785 – Benjamin Franklin writes a letter to his daughter expressing disappointment over the selection of the eagle as the symbol of the United States; he wanted the turkey.
1788 – The British First Fleet, led by Arthur Phillip, sail into Sydney Harbour to establish Sydney, the first permanent European settlement on the continent. Celebrated as Australia Day.
1802 – The U.S. Congress passes an act calling for a library to be established within the U.S. Capitol; eventually this becomes the Library of Congress.
1808 – Rum Rebellion, the only successful (but temporary) armed takeover of the government in Australia.
1837 – Michigan is admitted as the 26th U.S. state.
1838 – Tennessee enacts the first prohibition law in the United States
1841 – The United Kingdom formally occupies Hong Kong, which China had given up.
1861 – The state of Louisiana secedes from the Union.
1863 – American Civil War: General Ambrose Burnside is relieved of command of the Army of the Potomac after the disastrous Fredericksburg campaign. He is replaced by Joseph Hooker.
1863 – American Civil War: The Governor of Massachusetts receives permission from Secretary of War to raise a militia organization for men of African descent.
1870 – American Civil War: Virginia rejoins the Union.
1871 - Rome is declared capital of the Kingdom of Italy.
1885 – Troops loyal to the Mahdi conquer Khartoum.
1887 – Battle of Dogali: Abyssinian troops defeat Italians.
1901 1950
1905 – The Cullinan Diamond is found near Pretoria, South Africa at the Premier Mine.
1911 – Glenn H. Curtiss flies the first successful seaplane.
1911 - Richard Strauss' opera Der Rosenkavalier is performed, at the Dresden State Opera, for the first time.
1915 - Rocky Mountain National Park is created by an Act of the United States Congress.
1918 - Finnish Civil War: A group of Red Guards hangs a red lantern atop the Helsinki Workers' Hall, top symbolically mark the start of the war.
1924 - Saint Petersburg is renamed Leningrad, only a few days after Vladimir Lenin's death. It renamed Saint Petersburg again in 1991.
1930 - The Indian National Congress declares this date to be India's independence day.
1934 – The Apollo Theater opens in Harlem, New York City.
1936 - The Niagara Falls are frozen solid because of cold weather.
1939 – Spanish Civil War: Troops loyal to Francisco Franco and aided by Italy take Barcelona.
1942 – World War II: The first American forces arrive in Europe, landing in Northern Ireland.
1945 - World War II: The Red Army begins surrounding the German Fourth Army near Heiligenbeil, Prussia.
1946 – Félix Gouin becomes Prime Minister of France.
1947 - A Douglas DC-3 aircraft crashes at Copenhagen Kastrup Airport, killing all 22 people on board, including Prince Gustav Adolf of Sweden and the American singer and actress Grace Moore.
1950 – India promulgates its constitution forming a republic and Rajendra Prasad is sworn in as its first President.
1951 2000
1952 - Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper class Egyptian businesses.
1956 – The 1956 Winter Olympics open in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy.
1958 - The Japanese ferry Nankai Manu capsizes off the southern Awaji Islands, killing 167 people.
1960 - Danny Heater sets a high school basketball record when he scores 135 points in a game for Burnsville High School, West Virginia.
1961 – John F. Kennedy appoints Janet G. Travell to be his physician. This is the first time a woman holds this appointment.
1962 – Ranger 3 is launched to study the moon. The space probe later missed the moon by 22,000 miles (35,400 km).
1965 – Hindi becomes the official language of India.
1966 – The Beaumont Children go missing from Glenelg Beach in Adelaide, South Australia.
1966 - Harold Holt becomes Prime Minister of Australia.
1970 – Folk rock duo Simon and Garfunkel release classic album Bridge Over Troubled Water.
1978 - Great Blizzard of 1978: A severe blizzard strikes Ohio and the Great Lakes region, with heavy snow at a wind speed of up to 161 kilometers per hour (100 miles per hour).
1980 – Israel and Egypt establish diplomatic relations.
1983 – Lotus 1-2-3 is released.
1986 – Super Bowl XX: The Chicago Bears defeat the New England Patriots, 46-10.
1988 - Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical The Phantom of the Opera is first performed on Broadway, New York City.
1991 - Siad Barre is removed from power in Somalia.
1992 – Boris Yeltsin announces that Russia is going to stop targeting United States cities with nuclear weapons.
1992 – Super Bowl XXVI: The Washington Redskins defeat the Buffalo Bills, 37-24.
1993 – Václav Havel is elected President of the Czech Republic.
1994 – A man fires two blank shots at Charles, Prince of Wales in Sydney, Australia.
1996 – Whitewater scandal: Hillary Rodham Clinton testifies before a grand jury.
1997 – Super Bowl XXXI: The Green Bay Packers defeat the New England Patriots, 35-21.
1998 – Lewinsky scandal: On American television, Bill Clinton denies he had "sexual relations" with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky.
1998 – Compaq buys Digital Equipment Corporation.
2000 – Robert F. Vasa ordained Bishop of the Diocese of Baker
2000 – XHTML 1.0 becomes a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Recommendation.
From 2001
2001 – A 50-year-old Douglas DC-3 crashes near Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela killing 24.
2001 – An earthquake hits Gujarat, India, causing more than 20,000 deaths.
2001 - Joseph Kabila becomes President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
2003 – Super Bowl XXXVII: The Tampa Bay Buccaneers defeat the Oakland Raiders, 48-21, earning the Buccaneers their first Vince Lombardi Trophy.
2004 - Hamid Karzai signs the new constitution of Afghanistan.
2004 - A whale explodes in Tainan, Taiwan. A build-up of gas inside the sperm whale is suspected of causing the explosion.
2005 – Three trains crash, killing 11 and injuring 200 in Glendale, California near Los Angeles.
2005 – Having been confirmed earlier in the day by a vote of 85-13 in the United States Senate, Condoleezza Rice is sworn in as U.S. Secretary of State, becoming the first African American woman to hold the post.
2006 - Hamas wins elections in Palestine.
2009 - Rioting occurs in Antananarivo, Madagascar, later developing into a political crisis forcing President Marc Ravalomanana out of office.
2009 - The Icelandic government and banking system collapse and Prime Minister Geir Haarde immediately resigns from office. Johanna Sigurdardottir succeeds him on February 1.
2015 - Alexis Tsipras becomes Prime Minister of Greece after his left-wing SYRIZA movement won the parliamentary election.
2015 - A Greek fighter jet crashes at Los Llanos Air Base, Spain, killing 11 people.
2015 - A major snowstorm hits the Northeastern United States.
2017 - Alexander Van der Bellen becomes President of Austria.
2019 - Naomi Osaka wins her second Grand Slam singles tennis title in a row, defeating Petra Kvitová in the final of the Australian Open to become the first player from Asia to hold the Number One ranking.
2020 - Five-time NBA champion Kobe Bryant, his 13-year-old daughter Gianna and seven others are killed in a helicopter crash in Calabasas, California.
Births
Up to 1900
1497 – Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (d. 1557)
1595 - Antonio Maria Abbatini, Italian composer (d. 1679)
1708 - William Hayes, English composer, organist, singer and composer (d. 1777)
1714 - Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor (d. 1785)
1722 - Alexander Carlyle, Scottish minister and author (d. 1805)
1763 – Charles XIV John of Sweden (d. 1844)
1781 – Ludwig Achim von Arnim, German poet (d. 1831)
1800 - Johann Georg Oncken, German Baptist (d. 1884)
1811 - Robert Scott, English philologist (d. 1887)
1813 – Juan Pablo Duarte, founding father of the Dominican Republic (d. 1876)
1826 – Julia Grant, First Lady of the United States (d. 1902)
1852 – Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, French explorer (d. 1905)
1857 - Trinle Gyatso, 12th Dalai Lama (d. 1875)
1860 - Harry M. Daugherty, 51st United States Attorney General (d. 1941)
1864 - Jozsef Pusztai, Slovenian-Hungarian writer, poet and journalist (d. 1934)
1866 - John Cady, American golfer (d. 1933)
1877 - Mihail Gerdzhikov, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1947)
1877 - Kees van Dongen, Dutch artist (d. 1968)
1880 – Douglas MacArthur, American general (d. 1964)
1882 - André Rischmann, French rugby player (d. 1955)
1885 – Michael Considine, Australian politician (d. 1959)
1887 – François Faber, Luxembourg cyclist (d. 1915)
1891 – August Fröhlich, German priest and Resistance activist (d. 1942)
1891 - Frank Costello, Italian-born gangster (d. 1973)
1892 – Bessie Coleman, American pilot (d. 1926)
1900 - Karl Ristenpart, German conductor (d. 1967)
1901 1925
1902 - Jokichi Ikarashi, Japanese supercentenarian (d. 2013)
1902 - Manno ter Braak, Dutch author (d. 1940)
1904 – Sean MacBride, Irish statesman (d. 1988)
1905 – Maria von Trapp, Austrian singer (d. 1987)
1905 - John Heenan, English cardinal (d. 1975)
1905 - Charles Lane, American actor (d. 2007)
1907 - Dimitrios Holevas, Greek Orthodox priest and Resistance activist (d. 2001)
1908 – Stéphane Grappelli, French jazz violinist (d. 1997)
1911 – Polykarp Kusch, German physicist (d. 1993)
1911 - Norbert Schultze, German composer and songwriter (d. 2002)
1913 – Jimmy Van Heusen, American songwriter (d. 1990)
1914 - Princess Durru Shehrar of the Ottoman Empire (d. 2006)
1915 - William Hopper, American actor (d. 1970)
1917 - Louis Zamperini, American runner and captain (d. 2014)
1918 – Philip José Farmer, American writer (d. 2009)
1918 – Nicolae Ceausescu, Romanian dictator (d. 1989)
1919 – Valentino Mazzola, Italian footballer (d. 1949)
1919 - Bill Nicholson, English footballer (d. 2004)
1921 - Eddie Barclay, French producer (d. 2005)
1921 - Akio Morita, Japanese businessman (d. 1999)
1922 - Michael Bentine, British comedian (d. 1996)
1922 - Ellen Vogel, Dutch actress (d. 2015)
1923 - Anne Jeffreys, American actress and singer (d. 2017)
1924 - Alice Babs, Swedish singer and actress (d. 2014)
1924 - Annette Strauss, Mayor of Dallas, Texas (d. 1998)
1925 – Paul Newman, American actor (d. 2008)
1925 - Joan Leslie, American actress (d. 2015)
1926 1950
1926 - Joseph Bacon Fraser, Jr., American businessman (d. 2014)
1927 – José Azcona del Hoyo, President of Honduras (d. 2005)
1928 - Abdellatif Filali, Prime Minister of Morocco (d. 2009)
1928 – Roger Vadim, French movie director and actor (d. 2000)
1931 - Bernard Panafieu, French cardinal (d. 2017)
1931 - Mary Murphy, American movie actress
1932 - George Clements, American priest and activist
1933 - Ercole Baldini, Italian cyclist
1934 - Fernando Cardenal, Nicaraguan Jesuit, theologian and politician (d. 2016)
1934 - Roger Landry, Canadian businessman and newspaper publisher
1935 - Corrado Augias, Italian journalist, writer and television personality
1935 - Paula Rego, Portuguese-British artist
1935 - Bob Uecker, American baseball player and broadcaster
1935 – Fridrik Olafsson, Icelandic chess player
1936 - Sal Buscema, American comic book artist
1936 - Theophanis Lamboukas, Greek-French actor and singer (d. 1970)
1937 – Joseph Saidu Momoh, former President of Sierra Leone (d. 2003)
1941 - Scott Glenn, American actor
1943 – Jack Warner, Trinidadian FIFA official
1944 – Angela Davis, American Civil Rights activist
1944 - Jerry Sandusky, American football coach and convicted child-sex offender
1945 – Jacqueline du Pré, British cellist (d. 1987)
1945 – Jeremy Rifkin, American sociologist, economist and publicist
1946 - Michel Delpech, French singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2016)
1946 - Christopher Hampton, British dramatist, screenwriter and director
1946 - Deon Jackson, American soul singer and songwriter
1947 - Patrick Dewaere, French actor (d. 1982)
1947 - Redmond Morris, 4th Baron Killanin, Irish director, producer and production designer
1947 - Michel Sardou, French singer-songwriter
1949 - David Strathairn, American actor
1950 – Jörg Haider, Austrian far-right politician (d. 2008)
1951 1975
1953 - Alik L. Alik, Micronesian politician
1953 – Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Danish politician, former Secretary-General of NATO and former Prime Minister of Denmark
1953 – Lucinda Williams, American singer
1955 – Eddie Van Halen, Dutch-American musician (Van Halen) (d. 2020)
1958 – Gian Piero Gasperini, Italian footballer and coach
1958 – Ellen DeGeneres, American actress and comedienne
1958 – Anita Baker, American singer
1961 – Wayne Gretzky, Canadian ice hockey player
1961 - Li Cunxin, Chinese-Australian ballet dancer
1961 - Mark Urban, English journalist and author
1962 - John Brown, Scottish footballer
1962 – Oscar Ruggeri, Argentine footballer
1962 - Guo Jian, Chinese-Australian artist
1963 – José Mourinho, Portuguese football manager
1963 – Andrew Ridgeley, British musician
1964 - Adam Crozier, British businessman
1964 – Torkil Nielsen, Faroese footballer and chess player
1965 - Natalia Yurchenko, Soviet gymnast
1970 - Bjarni Benediktsson, former Prime Minister of Iceland
1971 – Dorian Gregory, American actor
1973 – Mayu Shinjo, Japanese manga artist
1973 - Brendan Rodgers, Northern Irish footballer and manager
1974 - Rokia Traoré, Malian singer
From 1976
1976 - Hitomi, Japanese singer-songwriter
1981 - Gustavo Dudamel, Venezuelan conductor and composer
1982 – Brahim Takioullah, Guinness World Record holder for the largest feet
1984 - Luo Xuejian, Chinese swimmer
1984 - Antonio Rukavina, Serbian footballer
1985 - Heather Stanning, British rower
1986 – Hero, South Korean singer
1987 - Gojko Kacar, Serbian footballer
1987 - Sebastian Giovinco, Italian footballer
1988 – Yukio Mine, Japanese footballer
1988 – Gary Hooper, English footballer
1989 – Emily Hughes, American figure skater
1990 – Christopher Massey, American actor
1990 - Sergio Pérez, Mexican racing driver
1993 – Cameron Bright, Canadian actor
1996 – Tyger Drew-Honey, British actor
1996 - Igor Decraene, Belgian cyclist (d. 2014)
1997 - Ieva Gaile, Latvian figure skater
1997 - Gedion Zelalem, German-American soccer player
2008 - Paul the Octopus, FIFA World Cup 'oracle' (d. 2010)
Deaths
Up to 1900
946 - Eadgyth, German Queen (b. 910)
1567 – Nicholas Wotton, English diplomat
1630 – Henry Briggs, English mathematician (born 1556)
1636 – Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul, French diplomat (born 1552)
1697 – Georg Mohr, Danish mathematician (born 1640)
1713 - Jean Chardin, French explorer (born 1643)
1744 – Ludwig Andreas Graf Khevenhüller, Austrian field marshal (born 1683)
1750 – Albert Schultens, Dutch philologist (born 1686)
1795 – Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach, German composer (born 1732)
1799 – Gabriel Christie, British general (born 1722)
1823 – Edward Jenner, English physician (born 1749)
1824 – Théodore Géricault, French painter (born 1791)
1849 - Thomas Lovell Beddoes, English poet, dramatist and physician (born 1803)
1855 – Gérard de Nerval, French writer (born 1808)
1870 – Victor, 3rd duc de Broglie, French statesman and diplomat (born 1785)
1877 - Daniel Haines, Governor of New Jersey (born 1801)
1879 - Julia Margaret Cameron, English photographer (born 1815)
1885 – Edward Davy, English inventor, physician, and scientist (born 1806)
1885 – Charles George Gordon, British general (born 1833)
1886 – David Rice Atchison, American politician (born 1807)
1891 – Nikolaus August Otto, German inventor of the internal-combustion engine (born 1833)
1893 – Abner Doubleday, Major General, United States Army and purported inventor of baseball (born 1819)
1895 - Arthur Cayley, British mathematician (born 1821)
1899 - Augustus Hill Garland, Governor of Arkansas (born 1832)
1901 2000
1904 - Whitaker Wright, English mining tycoon (born 1846)
1927 - Lyman J. Gage, American politician (born 1836)
1932 - William Wrigley Jr., American industrialist (born 1861)
1942 – Felix Hausdorff, German mathematician (born 1868)
1943 – Harry H. Laughlin, American eugenicist (born 1880)
1943 – Nikolai Vavilov, Russian botanist (born 1887)
1946 - Adriaan van Maanen, Dutch astronomer (born 1884)
1946 - Oskar Kallas, Estonian linguist and diplomat (born 1868)
1947 – Grace Moore, American soprano (plane crash) (born 1898)
1947 – Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Westrobothnia, second in line to the Swedish throne, father of Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (born 1906)
1952 – Horloogiyn Choybalsan, leader of Mongolia (born 1895)
1961 – Stan Nichols, English cricketer (born 1900)
1962 – Lucky Luciano, American mobster (born 1897)
1968 – Merrill C. Meigs, American newspaper publisher, and aviation promoter (born 1883)
1968 – Yvor Winters, American poet and critic (born 1900)
1973 – Edward G. Robinson, American actor (born 1893)
1979 – Nelson Rockefeller, Governor of New York and Vice President of the United States (born 1908)
1980 - Simon Kapwepwe, 2nd Vice President of Zambia (born 1922)
1983 – Paul "Bear" Bryant, American football coach (born 1913)
1990 - Higashikuni Naruhiko, Prime Minister of Japan (born 1887)
1990 – Lewis Mumford, American historian (born 1895)
1992 – José Ferrer, Puerto Rican actor (born 1912)
1993 – Jan Gies, Dutch resistance leader (born 1905)
1993 – Jeanne Sauvé, Governor-General of Canada (born 1922)
1996 – Harold Brodkey, American writer (born 1930)
1996 – Dave Schultz, American wrestler (born 1959)
1997 – Jeane Dixon, American astrologer (born 1904)
1998 – Shinichi Suzuki, Japanese music teacher (born 1898)
2000 – Don Budge, American tennis player (born 1915)
2000 – Kathleen Hale, British writer (born 1898)
2000 – A. E. van Vogt, Canadian-born writer (born 1912)
From 2001
2001 – Al McGuire, American basketball coach (born 1928)
2003 – Valeriy Brumel, Russian athlete (born 1942)
2003 – Hugh Trevor-Roper, Baron Dacre of Glanton, English historian (born 1917)
2003 – George Younger, 4th Viscount Younger of Leckie, Scottish politician (born 1931)
2004 – Miklós Fehér, Hungarian footballer (born 1979)
2006 - Carol Lambrino, son of Carol II of Romania (born 1920)
2007 - Gump Worsley, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1929)
2010 - Geoffrey Burbidge, British astrophysicist (born 1925)
2012 - Colin Tarrant, British actor (born 1952)
2014 - José Emilio Pacheco, Mexican writer (born 1939)
2014 - Paula Gruden, Australian poet and translator (born 1921)
2014 - Margery Mason, English actress (born 1913)
2015 - Tom Uren, Australian politician (born 1921)
2015 - Lee Spick, English snooker player (born 1980)
2015 - R. K. Laxman, Indian cartoonist and humorist (born 1921)
2015 - Lucjan Lis, Polish-German cyclist (born 1950)
2016 - Sahabzada Yaqub Khan, Pakistani politician and diplomat (born 1920)
2016 - Abe Vigoda, American actor (born 1921)
2016 - Black, English singer-songwriter (born 1962)
2016 - Tommy Kelly, American actor (born 1925)
2017 - Tam Dalyell, Scottish politician (born 1932)
2017 - Alexander Kadakin, Russian diplomat (born 1949)
2017 - Mike Connors, American actor (born 1925)
2017 - Barbara Hale, American actress (born 1922)
2017 - Luciano Ravaglia, Italian engineer (born 1923)
2017 - Anne-Marie Colchen, French athlete and basketball player (born 1925)
2017 - Laurie Salas, New Zealand activist (born 1922)
2017 - Michael Tönnies, German footballer (born 1959)
2018 - Elizabeth Hawley, American journalist and Himalayan travel writer (born 1923)
2018 - Jacques Languirand, Canadian radio host, writer and actor (born 1931)
2018 - Hiromu Nonaka, Japanese politician (born 1925)
2018 - Yukiaki Okabe, Japanese swimmer (born 1941)
2019 - Jean Guillou, French composer, organist and pianist (born 1930)
2019 - Michel Legrand, French composer (born 1932)
2019 - Ndaye Mulamba, Congolese footballer (born 1948)
2019 - Giuseppe Zamperletti, Italian politician (born 1933)
2020 - Kobe Bryant, American basketball player (born 1978)
Holidays
Australia Day – holiday to commemorate the first Europen settlement in Australia.
Republic Day – India
Duarte Day (Dominican Republic)
Liberation Day (Uganda)
Engineer's Day (Panama)
World Customs Day
Days of the year |
9837 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2027 | January 27 |
Events
Up to 1900
98 – Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva.
447 - Constantinople is hit by a strong earthquake.
672 – St. Vitalian ends his reign as Catholic Pope.
847 – Sergius II ends his reign as Catholic Pope.
1186 – Henry VI, the son and heir of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, weds Constance of Sicily.
1343 – Pope Clement VI issues the Bull Unigenitus.
1593 – Vatican opens 7-year trial against scholar Giordano Bruno.
1606 – Gunpowder Plot: The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators begins. It ends in their execution on January 31.
1695 – Mustafa II becomes the Ottoman sultan in Istanbul on the death of Ahmed II. Mustafa rules until his death in 1703.
1776 - American Revolutionary War: Henry Knox's "Noble Train of Artillery" arrives in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1785 – The University of Georgia is founded.
1825 – U.S. Congress approves Indian Territory (in what is present-day Oklahoma), clearing the way for forced relocation of the Eastern Indians on the "Trail of Tears."
1865 - Spain and Peru end the Spanish-South American War.
1870 – The first college sorority, Kappa Alpha Theta, is formed at DePauw University.
1880 – Thomas Edison files a patent for his electric incandescent lamp.
1888 – In Washington, D.C., the National Geographic Society is founded.
1900 – Boxer Rebellion: Foreign diplomats in Peking, China demand that the Boxer rebels be disciplined.
1901 2000
1909 – The Young Left is founded in Norway.
1915 – United States Marines occupy Haiti.
1918 - Finland: The Finnish Civil War begins.
1926 – John Logie Baird demonstrates the first television broadcast.
1927 - Ibn Saud takes the title of King of Nejd. It later unites with Hejaz to form Saudi Arabia.
1939 – United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt approves the sale of United States war planes to France.
1941 – World War II: Fighting at Derna, Libya, begins. Following the capture of Tobruk, two brigades of the 6th Australian Division under Major General Iven Mackay pursue the Italians westwards and encounters an Italian rear guard at Derna.
1943 – World War II: Fifty bombers mount the first entirely American air raid against Germany, targeting Wilhelmshaven.
1944 – World War II: The two-year Siege of Leningrad is lifted.
1945 – World War II: The Red Army arrives at Auschwitz and Birkenau in Poland. They find the Nazi concentration camp where 1.1-1.5 million people had been murdered.
1951 – Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site begins with a one-kiloton bomb dropped on Frenchman Flats.
1961 - Soviet submarine S-80 sinks with all lives lost.
1967 – Astronauts Gus Grissom, Edward White and Roger Chaffee are killed in a fire during a test of the Apollo 1 spacecraft at the Kennedy Space Center.
1967 – More than sixty nations sign the Outer Space Treaty banning nuclear weapons in space.
1973 – Paris Peace Accords officially end the Vietnam War.
1974 - Brisbane River breaches its banks causing Brisbane's largest flood of the 20th century.
1980 - Robert Mugabe returns to Zimbabwe (then-called Rhodesia) after a five-year exile.
1983 – World's longest underwater tunnel (53.90 km) opens in Japan connecting the islands of Honshū and Hokkaido.
1984 – Carl Lewis beats his own indoor world jumping record by 9.25 inches (23.5 centimeters) with a 28-foot, 10¼-inch (8.795-meter) jump.
1984 – Michael Jackson suffers severe burns to his scalp while filming a Pepsi commercial after a spark ignites his hair on fire due to a pyrotechnical fault. He is rushed to hospital.
1991 – Muhammad Siyad Barre flees his compound in Mogadishu.
1991 – Super Bowl XXV: The New York Giants defeat the Buffalo Bills, 20-19.
1992 – Mike Tyson goes on trial charged with raping a 1991 Miss Black America contestant.
1993 - American-born sumo wrestler Akebono Taro becomes the first foreign-born wrestler of the sport to be given the title of Yokozuna.
1996 – Colonel Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara deposes the first democratically elected president of Niger, Mahamane Ousmane, in a military coup.
1996 – Germany observes its 1st Holocaust Remembrance Day.
1997 – It is revealed that French museums have nearly 2,000 pieces of art that were stolen by Nazis.
1998 – American First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton appears on the Today Show calling the attacks against her husband part of a vast right-wing conspiracy.
From 2001
2001 – Professors Suzanne and Half Zantop are killed in the Dartmouth Murders.
2001 – Ten members of the Oklahoma State University men's basketball team and support staff die in a plane crash in Colorado.
2002 – Several explosions at a military dump in Lagos, Nigeria kill more than 1,000.
2010 – The 2009 Honduran political crisis ends, as Porfirio Lobo Sosa becomes President.
2013 - A fire in a nightclub in the city of Santa Maria, Southern Brazil, kills over 230 people.
2019 - Two bombs explode at a Roman Catholic church service in Jolo, southern Philippines, killing 18 people.
Births
Up to 1900
1443 – Albert, Duke of Saxony (d. 1500)
1546 - Joachim Friedrich, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1608)
1571 – Abbas I of Persia (d. 1629)
1585 - Hendrick Avercamp, Dutch painter (d. 1634)
1662 – Richard Bentley, English classical scholar (d. 1742)
1687 - Johann Balthasar Neumann, German architect (d. 1753)
1708 - Anna Petrovna of Russia (d. 1728)
1741 - Hester Thrale, Welsh author (d. 1821)
1756 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer (d. 1791)
1775 – Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, German philosopher (d. 1854)
1790 - William Davies Evans, Welsh sailor, chess player and inventor (d. 1872)
1795 - Eli Whitney Blake, American inventor (d. 1886)
1805 – Maria Anna of Bavaria, Queen Consort of Saxony (d. 1877)
1805 – Sophie of Bavaria, Archduchess of Austria (d. 1872)
1805 - Samuel Palmer, English artist (d. 1881)
1814 – Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, French architect (d. 1879)
1823 - Edouard Lalo, French composer (d. 1892)
1826 - Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Russian writer (d. 1889)
1826 - Richard Taylor, American Confederate general (d. 1879)
1829 - Isaac Roberts, Welsh astronomer (d. 1904)
1832 – Lewis Carroll, English writer (d. 1898)
1836 - Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian writer (d. 1895)
1841 - Arkhip Kuindzhi, Russian painter (d. 1910)
1850 - Samuel Gompers, American trade union leader (d. 1924)
1850 – Edward J. Smith, British captain (d. 1912)
1859 – Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany (d. 1941)
1864 - John Walter Gregory, English geologist and explorer (d. 1932)
1867 - Katherine Mayo, American journalist (d. 1940)
1871 - Samuel Peploe, Scottish painter (d. 1935)
1885 – Jerome Kern, American composer (d. 1945)
1891 – Ilya Ehrenburg, Russian writer and journalist (d. 1967)
1893 – Soong Ching-ling, Chinese political figure and spouse of Sun Yat-sen (d. 1981)
1895 - Harry Ruby, American composer and screenwriter (d. 1974)
1899 - Béla Guttmann, Hungarian footballer (d. 1981)
1901 1950
1901 – Willy Fritsch, German actor (d. 1973)
1901 - Art Rooney, Pittsburgh Steelers founder and owner (d. 1988)
1902 - Carl Berner, German-American supercentenarian (d. 2013)
1903 – Sir John Eccles, Australian neuropsychologist (d. 1997)
1908 - William Randolph Hearst, Jr., American journalist and publisher (d. 1993)
1910 – Edward Kardelj, Yugoslavian politician (d. 1979)
1912 – Arne Naess, Norwegian philosopher (d. 2009)
1918 - Skitch Henderson, American bandleader (d. 2005)
1918 - Elmore James, American blues musician (d. 1963)
1919 – Ross Bagdasarian, Sr., American musician (d. 1972)
1920 – Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (d. 2002)
1921 - Donna Reed, American actress (d. 1986)
1924 – Rauf Denktas, 1st President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (d. 2012)
1924 - Brian Rix, English actor and activist (d. 2016)
1926 - Ingrid Thulin, Swedish actress (d. 2004)
1928 – Hans Modrow, East German Premier
1930 – Aloysius Ambrozic, Slovenian-Canadian archbishop and cardinal (d. 2011)
1930 - Bobby Bland, American musician (d. 2013)
1931 - Mordecai Richler, Canadian writer (d. 2001)
1933 - Jerry Buss, American businessman and sports team owner (d. 2013)
1933 – Mohamed Al-Fayed, Egyptian businessman and billionaire
1934 – Edith Cresson, former Prime Minister of France
1936 - Barry Barish, American physicist
1936 – Samuel C. C. Ting, American physicist
1936 - Troy Donahue, American actor (d. 2001)
1937 – John Ogdon, British pianist (d. 1989)
1940 – Petru Lucinschi, 2nd President of Moldova
1940 – James Cromwell, American actor
1940 - Reynaldo Rey, American actor, comedian and television personality (d. 2015)
1941 - Bobby Hutcherson, American composer, vibraphone and marimba player
1942 - Tasuku Honjo, Japanese immunologist
1942 – Kate Wolf, American folk singer and musician (d. 1986)
1942 - Steve Wynn, American real estate businessman and art collector
1944 – Mairead Maguire, Northern Irish activist
1944 – Nick Mason, English drummer (Pink Floyd)
1946 – Nedra Talley, American singer (Ronettes)
1948 – Mikhail Baryshnikov, Latvian-born dancer and choreographer
1948 – Valeri Brainin, Russian-German musicologist, poet, educator, composer
1948 - Jean-Philippe Collard, French pianist
1949 - Marilyn Musgrave, American politician
1950 - Alex Norton, Scottish actor
1950 - Derek Acorah, English spirit medium
1951 1975
1951 - Brian Downey, Irish musician
1952 - Brian Gottfried, American tennis player
1952 - Klan Slavovici, Croatian musician and politician
1955 – John Roberts, Chief Justice of the United States
1956 - Mimi Rogers, American actress
1956 - Sean O'Keefe, 10th Head of NASA
1957 – Janick Gers, British guitarist (Iron Maiden)
1957 - Frank Miller, American comic book author and movie director
1958 - Alan Milburn, British politician
1958 - Susanna Thompson, American actress
1961 - Gillian Gilbert, British musician
1963 - Luigi Ambrosio, Italian mathematician
1963 - Mark Moraghan, English actor and singer
1963 - George Monbiot, English writer and activist
1964 – Bridget Fonda, American actress
1964 - Jack Haley, American basketball player (d. 2015)
1965 – Alan Cumming, Scottish actor and movie director
1965 – Mike Newell, English football manager
1967 - Dave Manson, Canadian ice hockey player
1968 – Tricky, English rapper
1968 – Mike Patton, American singer
1969 – Patton Oswalt, American actor and comedian
1969 - Cornelius, Japanese singer, guitarist and producer
1971 - Patrice Brisebois, Canadian ice hockey player
1972 - Mirjam Ott, Swiss curler
1972 – Mark Owen, English singer (Take That)
1972 – Keith Wood, Irish rugby player
1972 – Josh Randall, American actor
1973 - Valyantsin Byalkevich, Belarussian footballer and manager (d. 2014)
1974 - Ole Einar Bjorndalen, Norwegian biathlete
1974 - Andrei Pavel, Romanian tennis player
From 1976
1976 – Ahn Jung-Hwan, South Korean footballer
1979 – Rosamund Pike, English actress
1980 – Marat Safin, Russian tennis player and politician
1980 – Eva Padberg, German model
1981 - Alicia Molik, Australian tennis player
1981 – Tony Woodcock, New Zealand rugby player
1983 - Carlo Colaiacov, Canadian ice hockey player
1983 - Paulo Colaiacov, Canadian ice hockey player
1986 – Giorgi Loria, Georgian footballer
1987 – Lily Donaldson, British model
1987 - Michael Marrone, Australian footballer
1987 - Anton Shunin, Russian footballer
1989 - Ricky van Wolfswinkel, Dutch footballer
1989 - Daisy Lowe, English model
1998 - Rebeka Kim, South Korean ice dancer
Deaths
Up to 1900
98 – Nerva, Roman Emperor (b. 35)
457 - Marcian, Byzantine Emperor (b. 392)
672 - Pope Vitalian
1490 – Ashikaga Yoshimasa, Japanese shogun (b. 1435)
1540 - Saint Angela Merici, Italian religious leader and saint (b. 1474)
1629 – Hieronymus Praetorius, German composer (b. 1560)
1638 – Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses, Spanish novelist
1651 - Abraham Bloemaert, Dutch painter and printmaker (b. 1566)
1731 – Bartolomeo Cristofori, Italian maker of musical instruments (b. 1655)
1740 – Louis Henri, Duc de Bourbon, Prime Minister of France (b. 1692)
1754 - Ludvig Holberg, Danish playwright (b. 1684)
1814 – Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher (b. 1761)
1816 – Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, British admiral (b. 1724)
1851 – John James Audubon, French-American naturalist, ornithologist, and painter (b. 1785)
1851 - Cornelius P. Comegys, Governor of Delaware (b. 1780)
1860 – János Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1860)
1880 – Edward Middleton Barry, English architect (b. 1830)
1901 2000
1901 – Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (b. 1813)
1910 – Thomas Crapper, English plumber (b. 1836)
1913 - Archduke Rainer Ferdinand of Austria (b. 1827)
1919 – Endre Ady, Hungarian poet (b. 1877)
1922 - Nellie Bly, American journalist and author (b. 1864)
1940 – Isaac Babel, Ukrainian writer (b. 1894)
1942 - Kaarel Eenpalu, Prime Minister of Estonia (b. 1888)
1956 – Erich Kleiber, German conductor (b. 1890)
1965 - Hassan Ali Mansour, Prime Minister of Iran (b. 1923)
1965 - C. Douglass Buck, American politician, Governor of Delaware (b. 1890)
1967 – Crew of Apollo 1:
Roger Chaffee (b. 1935)
Virgil "Gus" Grissom (b. 1926)
Edward White (b. 1930)
1970 – Rita Angus, New Zealand painter (b. 1908)
1971 – Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (b. 1913)
1972 – Mahalia Jackson, American singer (b. 1911)
1973 - William Nolde, last American combat casualty of the Vietnam War (b. 1929)
1974 - Georgios Grivas, Cyprus-born general of the Greek Army (b. 1898)
1975 – Bill Walsh, American producer and writer (b. 1913)
1983 - Louis de Funes, French actor (b. 1914)
1986 – Lilli Palmer, German-born actress (b. 1914)
1988 – Massa Makan Diabaté, Malian writer (b. 1938)
1989 – Thomas Sopwith, British aviation pioneer (b. 1888)
1992 – Allan Jones, actor and singer (b. 1908)
1993 – André the Giant, professional wrestler and actor (b. 1946)
1994 – Claude Akins, actor (b. 1926)
1996 – Ralph Yarborough, American politician (b. 1903)
From 2001
2001 - Marie Jose of Belgium, last Queen Consort of Italy (b. 1906)
2003 - Henryk Jablonski, President of Poland (b. 1909)
2004 – Jack Paar, American television show host (b. 1918)
2006 – Johannes Rau, President of Germany (b. 1931).
2007 - Marcheline Bertrand, American actress (b. 1950).
2008 – Suharto, second President of Indonesia (b. 1921).
2008 - Gordon B. Hinckley, American religious leader (b. 1910).
2009 - R. Venkataraman, President of India (b. 1910).
2009 - Mino Reitano, Italian singer (b. 1944).
2009 – John Updike, American writer (b. 1932).
2010 – Zelda Rubinstein, American actress (b. 1932).
2010 – J. D. Salinger, American writer (b. 1919).
2010 – Howard Zinn, American historian (b. 1922).
2011 - Charlie Callas, American comedian (b. 1927)
2013 - Pham Duy, Vietnamese singer-songwriter (b. 1921)
2014 - Pete Seeger, American folk musician (b. 1919)
2014 - Edmond Classen, Dutch actor (b. 1938)
2015 - Wilfred Agbonavbare, Nigerian footballer (b. 1966)
2015 - Henk Faanhof, Dutch road bicycle racer (b. 1922)
2015 - David Landau, British-Israeli journalist (b. 1947)
2015 - Charles Hard Townes, American physicist (b. 1915)
2015 - John T. Myers, American politician (b. 1927)
2015 - Rocky Bridges, American baseball player (b. 1927)
2016 - Augusto Giomo, Italian basketball player (b. 1940)
2016 - Carlos Loyzaga, Filipino basketball player and coach (b. 1930)
2017 – Wim Anderiesen Jr., Dutch footballer (b. 1931)
2017 - Valery Bolotov, Ukrainian militant leader (b. 1970)
2017 - Bob Holiday, American actor (b. 1932)
2017 - Emmanuelle Riva, French actress (b. 1927)
2017 - Billy Simpson, Northern Irish footballer (b. 1929)
2017 - Gisella Sofio, Italian actress (b. 1931)
2017 - Henry-Louis de La Grange, French musicologist (b. 1924)
2017 - Atanas Kirov, Bulgarian weightlifter (b. 1948)
2017 - Brunhilde Pomsel, German broadcaster (b. 1911)
2017 - Arthur H. Rosenfeld, American physicist (b. 1926)
2018 - Robert McCormick Adams, Jr., American anthropologist (b. 1926)
2018 - Royal Galipeau, Canadian politician (b. 1947)
2018 - Ingvar Kamprad, Swedish businessman (b. 1926)
2018 - Dennis Peron, American cannabis and LGBT activist and businessman (b. 1946)
2018 - Mort Walker, American comic artist (b. 1923)
2018 - John Wall, English engineer and astronomer (b. 1932)
2019 - Henry Chapier, Romanian-born French television journalist (b. 1933)
2019 - Nina Fyodorova, Russian cross-country skier (b. 1947)
2019 - Peter Magowan, American businessman (b. 1942)
2019 - Erica Yohn, American actress (b. 1928)
Observances
Holocaust Memorial Day
Days of the year |
9838 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%201 | February 1 |
Events
Up to 1900
1327 – Edward III is crowned King of England.
1329 - King John of Bohemia captures Medvegalis, an important fortress of the pagan Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and baptizes 6,000 of its defenders.
1662 – The Chinese pirate Koxinga seizes the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege.
1709 – Alexander Selkirk is rescued after being stranded on one of the Juan Fernandez Islands (now belonging to Chile). This inspires the story of Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe.
1713 – The Kalabalik or Tumult in Bendery results from the Ottoman sultan's order that his unwelcome guest, King Charles XII of Sweden, be seized.
1788 – Isaac Briggs and William Longstreet patent the steamboat.
1790 – In New York City the Supreme Court of the United States convenes for the first time.
1793 – France declares war on the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
1796 – The capital of Upper Canada is moved from Newark to York.
1814 – The Mayon Volcano, in the Philippines, erupts, killing around 1,200 people. This is the most devastating eruption of Mayon Volcano.
1835 - Slavery is banned in Mauritius.
1861 – American Civil War: Texas secedes from the United States.
1862 – Julia Ward Howe's "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" is published for the first time (Atlantic Monthly).
1865 - Abraham Lincoln signs the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, banning slavery and slave keeping.
1880 – First edition of theatrical newspaper The Stage is published.
1884 – Edition one of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.
1893 – Thomas Edison finishes construction of the first movie studio (West Orange, New Jersey).
1895 - Fountains Valley, Pretoria, the oldest nature reserve in Africa, is proclaimed by President Paul Kruger.
1896 – The opera La bohème premieres (Turin).
1897 - The Shinhan Bank opens in Seoul. It is the oldest bank in what is now South Korea.
1901 1950
1904 - Iceland gets increased autonomy from Denmark.
1908 – King Carlos I of Portugal and his son, Prince Luis Filipe are killed in Terreiro do Paco, Lisbon.
1913 – New York City's Grand Central Terminal opens as the world's largest train station.
1915 - Photographs are required in United Kingdom passports for the first time.
1918 – Russia adopts the Gregorian calendar.
1919 – The first Miss America is crowned (New York City).
1920 – The Royal Canadian Mounted Police begin operations.
1924 – The United Kingdom recognizes the USSR.
1929 – Frenchman Charles Rigoulet is the first weightlifter to lift over 400 pounds (181 kg) in the "clean and jerk" method.
1933 - Paul von Hindenburg dissolves the Reichstag under recommendation from Adolf Hitler.
1942 – World War II: Vidkun Quisling is appointed Premier of Norway by the Nazi occupiers.
1942 - Voice of America begins broadcasting.
1946 – Trygve Lie of Norway is picked to be the first United Nations Secretary General.
1946 - Hungary is declared a republic with Zoltan Tildy as President.
1948 - The Federation of Malaya is founded.
1951 2000
1953 – In the night following January 31 large parts of the Netherlands, Belgium and the southeastern United Kingdom are flooded after heavy storms.
1958 – Merger of Egypt and Syria to form the United Arab Republic, which lasted until 1961.
1959 - Neuchatel and Vaud become the first cantons of Switzerland to allow women to vote.
1960 – Four black students stage a sit-in at a lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina.
1964 - The Beatles have their first US Number One - "I Want to Hold Your Hand"..
1965 - Hamilton River in Labrador, Canada, is renamed Churchill River, after Winston Churchill, who had died just over a week earlier.
1968 – Vietnam War: NLF officer Nguyen Van Lem is executed by Nguyen Ngoc Loan a South Vietnamese National Police Chief. The execution was videotaped and photographed by Eddie Adams and helped sway public opinion against the war.
1970 - Two trains collide in Benavidez, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. With 236 people being killed, this is the deadliest accident in Argentine rail travel.
1972 - Kuala Lumpur becomes a city by Royal Charter.
1974 - Kuala Lumpur is declared a federal territory of Malaysia.
1974 – In São Paulo, Brazil, a fire in a 25-story office building kills 189 and injures 293. Kuala Lumpur declared a Federal Territory.
1978 – Director Roman Polanski skips bail and flees to France after pleading guilty to charges of engaging in sex with a 13-year-old girl.
1978 - In Finland, Urho Kekkonen is elected to a fifth term in-a-row as President.
1979 – Convicted bank robber Patty Hearst is released from prison after her sentence was commuted by President Jimmy Carter.
1979 – Ayatollah Khomeini is welcomed back into Tehran, Iran after nearly 15 years of exile.
1982 – Senegal and The Gambia form a loose confederation known as Senegambia.
1985 - Aeroflot Flight 7841 crashes shortly after take-off from Minsk, killing 58 people.
1989 - Boulder and Kalgoorlie in Western Australia form the city of Kalgoorlie-Boulder.
1991 - USAir Flight 1493 and SkyWest Flight 5569 collide on the runway at Los Angeles International Airport, killing 34 people.
1992 – The Chief Judicial Magistrate of Bhopal court declares Warren Anderson, ex-CEO of Union Carbide, a fugitive under Indian law for failing to appear in the Bhopal Disaster case.
1993 - Gary Bettman becomes the first commissioner of the NHL.
1994 – In Portland, Oregon Tonya Harding's ex-husband Jeff Gillooly pleads guilty for his role in attacking figure skater Nancy Kerrigan.
1995 – Manic Street Preachers lyricist Richey James Edwards goes missing from the Embassy Hotel in London, UK.
1996 – The Communications Decency Act is passed by the U.S. Congress.
1998 - Lillian E. Fishburne becomes the first female African American to be promoted to the rank of Rear Admiral.
1999 – North Dakota Public Radio is launched.
From 2001
2002 - Having been taken hostage, American journalist Daniel Pearl is killed by his captors.
2003 – Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrates over Texas upon reentry killing all seven astronauts on board.
2004 – At least 244 people are trampled to death in a stampede at the Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia.
2004 – At the Super Bowl half-time show, part of Janet Jackson's breast is exposed during a routine with Justin Timberlake. This started the 'Nipplegate' scandal.
2009 – Johanna Sigurdardottir becomes Prime Minister of Iceland. She is the world's first national head of government in a same-sex relationship.
2012 – Violence following a football match in Port Said, Egypt, results in 74 deaths.
2013 - John Kerry becomes United States Secretary of State.
2013 - The Shard in London, the EU's tallest building, opens to the public.
2014 - Janet Yellen becomes the first woman to serve as Head of the United States Federal Reserve, succeeding Ben Bernanke.
2016 - The Zika virus, spread by mosquitoes and causing deformities in newborn babies in South America and Central America, is declared a major world health emergency by the World Health Organization.
2017 - Rex Tillerson is confirmed as United States Secretary of State.
2021 - The coup d'état in Myanmar happens.
Births
Up to 1900
1261 - Walter de Stapledon, English bishop (d. 1326)
1394 - Ikkyu, Japanese Zen master and poet (d. 1481)
1435 - Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy (d. 1472)
1459 - Conrad Celtis, German poet (d. 1508)
1462 - Johannes Trithemius, German lexicographer, historian and cryptographer (d. 1516)
1501 - Queen Munjeong of Korea (d. 1565)
1552 – Edward Coke, English jurist and politician (d. 1634)
1648 - Elkanah Settle, English poet and playwright (d. 1724)
1659 – Jacob Roggeveen, Dutch explorer (d. 1729)
1673 - Alessandro Marcello, Italian poet, composer and philosopher (d. 1747)
1687 – Johann Adam Birkenstock, German composer and violinist (d. 1733)
1690 – Francesco Maria Veracini, Italian composer (d. 1768)
1701 - Johan Agrell, Swedish-born German composer (d. 1765)
1761 – Christian Hendrik Persoon, mycologist (d. 1836)
1801 – Thomas Cole, English-born American painter (d. 1848)
1807 - William B. Campbell, 16th Governor of Tennessee (d. 1867)
1825 - James W. Throckmorton, 25th Governor of Texas (d. 1894)
1844 – G. Stanley Hall, psychologist (d. 1844)
1851 - Durham Stevens, American diplomat (d. 1908)
1858 - Ignacio Bonillas, Mexican diplomat (d. 1942)
1859 – Victor Herbert, composer (d. 1924)
1872 - Clara Butt, English contralto (d. 1936)
1873 - Joseph Allard, Canadian fiddler (d. 1947)
1874 – Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian writer (d. 1929)
1878 - Alfred Hajos, Hungarian swimmer and architect (d. 1955)
1878 - Milan Hodza, Slovakian politician (d. 1944)
1878 - Hattie Wyatt Caraway, United States Senator (d. 1950)
1879 - Henry Chrétien, French astronomer, professor and inventor (d. 1956)
1882 – Louis Stephen St. Laurent, twelfth Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1973)
1882 - Prince Andrew of Greece (d. 1944)
1884 - Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian writer (d. 1937)
1885 - Camille Chautemps, Prime Minister of France (d. 1963)
1887 – Charles Nordhoff, English-born writer (d. 1947)
1888 - Charles January, American soccer player (d. 1970)
1894 – John Ford, American director and producer (d. 1973)
1894 – James P. Johnson, pianist, composer (d. 1955)
1894 - Lucian Grigorescu, Romanian painter (d. 1965)
1896 - Anastasio Somoza Garcia, President of Nicaragua (d. 1956)
1898 – Leila Denmark, American physician and supercentenarian (d. 2012)
1901 1925
1901 – Frank Buckles, American World War I veteran and supercentenarian (d. 2011)
1901 – Clark Gable, American actor (d. 1960)
1902 – Langston Hughes, American writer (d. 1967)
1904 - Franciska Gaal, Jewish-Hungarian cabaret artist and actress (d. 1973)
1904 – S. J. Perelman, humorist, writer (d. 1979)
1905 – Emilio G. Segré, Italian physicist (d. 1989)
1906 - Adetokunbo Ademola, Chief Justice of Nigeria (d. 1993)
1907 – Günter Eich, lyricist (d. 1972)
1908 – George Pal, director, producer (d. 1980)
1909 - George Beverly Shea, Canadian-American singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
1910 – Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme, Tibetan politician (d. 2009)
1915 – Stanley Matthews, English footballer (d. 2000)
1915 - Alicia Rhett, American actress (d. 2014)
1915 - Victor Shem-Tov, Bulgarian-Israeli politician (d. 2014)
1917 - Eiji Sawamura, Japanese baseball player
1918 – Dame Muriel Spark, Scottish writer (d. 2006)
1921 – Peter Sallis, English actor (d. 2017)
1921 - Ann Z. Caracristi, American cryptanalyst (d. 2016)
1921 - Winton M. Blount, United States Postmaster General (d. 2002)
1922 – Renata Tebaldi, Italian soprano (d. 2004)
1924 - Richard Hooker, American writer (d. 1997)
1924 - Emmanuel Scheffer, German-born Israeli footballer and coach (d. 2012)
1925 – Alfred Grosser, political scientist and publicist
1926 1950
1927 - Galway Kinnell, American poet and academic (d. 2014)
1927 – Günter Guillaume, German spy (d. 1995)
1928 – Tom Lantos, American politician (d. 2008)
1928 (or 1929) – Stuart Whitman, American actor
1930 - Maria Helena Walsh, Argentine writer and journalist (d. 2011)
1930 – Shahabuddin Ahmed, former President of Bangladesh
1930 - Hussein Muhammad Ershad, former President of Bangladesh
1931 – Iajuddin Ahmed, former President of Bangladesh (d. 2012)
1931 – Boris Yeltsin, President of Russia (d. 2007)
1932 - Hassan al-Turabi, Sudanese religious and political leader (d. 2016)
1933 - Wendell R. Anderson, former Governor of Minnesota
1934 - Nicolae Breban, Romanian writer
1934 - Ninan Koshy, Indian thinker, theologian and social analyst (d. 2015)
1934 - Bob Shane, American singer
1935 – Dieter Kühn, writer
1936 - Azie Taylor Morton, American politician, 36th Treasurer of the United States (d. 2003)
1937 – Don Everly, American musician
1937 – Garrett Morris, American comedian
1938 – Sherman Hemsley, American comedian and actor (d. 2012)
1939 – Ekaterina Maximova, Russian ballerina (d. 2009)
1939 – Fritjof Capra, Austrian physicist, philosopher and writer
1939 - Joe Sample, American pianist and composer (d. 2014)
1939 - Claude François, French singer and composer (d. 1978)
1939 - Yuri Rost, Russian photographer, journalist and traveller
1940 – Bibi Besch, Austrian-American actress (d. 1996)
1941 - Jerry Spinelli, American writer
1941 - Teofil Codreanu, Romanian footballer (d. 2016)
1942 – Terry Jones, British actor and writer (Monty Python's Flying Circus) (d. 2020)
1942 - Muna Wassef, Syrian actress
1943 - Rosemarie Frankland, Welsh actress and model (d. 2000)
1944 - Petru Popescu, Romanian-American writer, director, movie producer and writer
1944 - Dick Snyder, American basketball player
1944 – Mike Enzi, United States Senator for Wyoming (d. 2021)
1946 – Bart Braverman, American actor
1946 - Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (d. 2011)
1947 - Adam Ingram, Scottish politician
1947 – Jessica Savitch, American journalist (d. 1983)
1948 – Rick James, American musician, composer (d. 2004)
1949 - Franco Causio, Italian footballer
1950 - Mike Campbell, American guitarist and producer
1950 - Ali Haydar Konca, Turkish politician
1950 - Alan Moller, American meteorologist, storm chaser and photographer (d. 2014)
1951 1975
1951 - John McNally, Scottish politician
1951 - Andrew Smith, English politician
1952 - Roger Y. Tsien, Chinese-American cell biologist and Nobel Prize winner (d. 2016)
1953 - Periko Alonso, Spanish footballer
1954 – Bill Mumy, American actor and musician
1955 - Endang Rahayu Sedyaningsih, Indonesian politician (d. 2012)
1955 - Ernie Camacho, American baseball player
1956 - Brahmanandam, Indian actor
1956 – Exene Cervenka, American musician (X)
1956 - Mike Kitchen, Canadian ice hockey player
1957 - Renae Jacobs, American voice actress
1957 - Walter Schachner, Austrian footballer
1958 - William Dufris, American voice actor and audiobook narrator (d. 2020)
1958 - Ryo Horikawa, Japanese guitarist
1958 - Margie Abbott, wife of Prime Minister of Australia Tony Abbott
1958 - Eleanor Laing, Scottish lawyer and politician
1961 - Daniel M. Tani, American engineer and astronaut
1962 - Adel al-Jubeir, Saudi politician
1962 – Tomoyasu Hotei, Japanese rock guitarist
1963 - Takashi Murakami, Japanese artist
1964 - Linus Roache, British actor
1964 – Jani Lane, American musician (d. 2011)
1965 – Brandon Lee, American actor (d. 1993)
1965 – Princess Stéphanie of Monaco
1965 – Sherilyn Fenn, American actress
1966 - Vasilis Dimitriades, Greek footballer
1966 – Michelle Akers, American soccer player
1968 – Lisa Marie Presley, American actress
1968 – Pauly Shore, American comedian
1969 – Gabriel Batistuta, Argentine footballer
1969 – Joshua Redman, American jazz musician
1969 - Brian Krause, American actor
1969 - Nino Salukvadze, Georgian sports shooter
1969 - Andrew Breitbart, American conservative publicist and journalist (d. 2012)
1971 – Jill Kelly, erotic actress
1971 – Zlatko Zahovič, Slovenian footballer
1971 – Michael C. Hall, American actor
1972 - Leymah Gbowee, Liberian peace activist and Nobel Peace Prize winner
1972 – Christian Ziege, German footballer
1972 - Johan Wadem, Belgian footballer
1973 - Oscar Perez, Mexican footballer
1974 - Roberto Heras, Spanish cyclist
1974 - Walter McCarty, American basketball player
1975 - Katerina Thanou, Greek athlete
1975 – Big Boi, American musician (Outkast)
From 1976
1976 - Katrin Jakobsdottir, Icelandic politician, Prime Minister of Iceland
1977 - Kevin Kilbane, English-Irish footballer
1977 - Libor Sionko, Czech footballer
1978 - K'naan, Somali singer
1978 – Julie Roberts, American country music singer
1979 – Juan Silveira dos Santos, Brazilian footballer
1980 – Otilino Tenorio, Ecuadorean footballer (d. 2005)
1980 - Mike Ribeiro, Canadian ice hockey player
1980 - Héctor Luna, Dominican baseball player
1981 – Graeme Smith, South African cricketer
1982 - Daisy Betts, Australian actress
1982 – Gavin Henson, Welsh rugby player
1982 - Shoaib Malik, Pakistani cricketer
1982 - Kim Jong-wook, South Korean singer
1983 - Andrew VanWyngarden, American musician
1984 – Darren Fletcher, Scottish footballer
1984 - Lee Thompson Young, American actor (d. 2013)
1985 - Karine Sergerie, Canadian taekwondo world champion
1985 – Dean Shiels, Northern Irish footballer
1986 - Jorrit Bergsma, Dutch speed skater
1986 – Lauren Conrad, American television personality
1986 – Johan Vonlanthen, Swiss footballer
1987 – Giuseppe Rossi, Italian footballer
1987 - Heather Morris, American actress and dancer
1987 - Sebastian Boenisch, Polish footballer
1987 - Ronda Rousey, American mixed martial artist, judoka and actress
1989 - Alfred Finnbogason, Icelandic footballer
1990 - Dan Gosling, English footballer
1990 – Laura Marling, English singer-songwriter
1994 - Harry Styles, English singer (One Direction)
1994 - Skylar Laine, American singer-songwriter
1995 - Oliver Heldens, Dutch DJ, musician and producer
1996 - Dionne Bromfield, English singer-songwriter
2000 - Paris Smith, American actress and singer
Deaths
Up to 1900
772 - Pope Stephen III (b. 720)
1248 – Henry II, Duke of Brabant (b. 1207)
1328 – Charles IV of France (b. 1294)
1542 - Girolamo Aleandro, Italian cardinal (b. 1480)
1563 - Menas, Emperor of Ethiopia
1691 – Pope Alexander VIII (b. 1610)
1733 – Augustus III of Poland (b. 1670)
1734 - John Floyer, English physician and writer (b. 1649)
1743 - Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni, Italian composer (b. 1657)
1750 - Bakar of Georgia, Georgian prince and politician (b. 1699)
1793 - William Wildman Shute Barrington, English statesman (b. 1717)
1851 – Mary Shelley, British writer of Frankenstein (b. 1797)
1871 - Alexander Serov, Russian composer (b. 1820)
1873 - Matthew Fontaine Maury, American naval officer (b. 1806)
1893 - George Henry Sanderson, Mayor of San Francisco (b. 1824)
1897 - Constantin von Ettingshausen, Austrian geologist and botanist (b. 1826)
1901 2000
1903 - George Gabriel Stokes, Irish physicist (b. 1819)
1908 – King Carlos I of Portugal (b. 1863)
1908 – Luis Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal (b. 1887)
1922 - William Desmond Taylor, American actor and director (b. 1872)
1928 - Hughie Jennings, American baseball player and manager (b. 1869)
1936 – Georgios Kondylis, Greek general and Prime Minister (b. 1878)
1941 - Walter Abbott, English footballer (b. 1877)
1944 – Piet Mondrian, Dutch artist (b. 1872)
1945 – Prince Kiril of Bulgaria (b. 1895)
1949 - Nicolae Dumitru Cocea, Romanian journalist, novelist, critic and activist (b. 1880)
1957 – Friedrich Paulus, German general (b. 1890)
1958 – Clinton Davisson, American physicist (b. 1888)
1966 – Buster Keaton, American actor (b. 1895)
1976 – Werner Heisenberg, German physicist (b. 1901)
1976 – George Whipple, American doctor, won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1878)
1980 - Gastone Nencini, Italian cyclist (b. 1930)
1981 - Geirr Tveitt, Norwegian composer (b. 1908)
1986 – Alva Myrdal, Swedish politician and diplomat (b. 1902)
1987 - Alessandro Blasetti, Italian director (b. 1900)
1988 – Heather O'Rourke, American child actress (b. 1975)
1989 - Elaine de Kooning, American painter (b. 1918)
1995 - Richey James Edwards, Welsh singer and musician (b. 1967)
1999 - Baris Manco, Turkish musician (b. 1943)
From 2001
2002 – Hildegard Knef, German actress (b. 1925)
2002 - Daniel Pearl, American journalist
2003 - Deaths in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster:
Michael P. Anderson, American astronaut (b. 1959)
David M. Brown, American astronaut (b. 1956)
Kalpana Chawla, Indian astronaut (b. 1961)
Laurel Clark, American astronaut (b. 1961)
Rick D. Husband, American astronaut (b. 1957)
Willie McCool, American astronaut (b. 1961)
Ilan Ramon, Israeli astronaut (b. 1954)
2004 – Ally MacLeod, Scottish footballer (b. 1931)
2007 – Gian Carlo Menotti, Italian-born composer (b. 1911)
2007 – Ahmed Abu Laban, Danish Muslim leader (b. 1946)
2009 – Lukas Foss, German-born composer (b. 1922)
2010 – Steingrimur Hermannsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1928)
2010 – Justin Mentell, American actor (b. 1982)
2012 – Wislawa Szymborska, Polish poet (b. 1923)
2012 – Angelo Dundee, American boxing trainer (b. 1921)
2012 - Don Cornelius, American TV host (b . 1936)
2013 - Ed Koch, 105th Mayor of New York City (b. 1924)
2013 - Barney, pet dog of George W. Bush (b. 2000)
2013 - Robin Sachs, British actor (b. 1951)
2014 - Luis Aragonés, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1938)
2014 - Maximilian Schell, Austrian-Swiss actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1930)
2014 - Vasily Ivanovich Petrov, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1917)
2014 - Rene Ricard, American poet (b. 1946)
2015 - Aldo Ciccolini, Italian-French pianist (b. 1925)
2015 - Ann Mara, American football team owner (b. 1929)
2015 - Monty Oum, American animator (b. 1981)
2016 - Thomas Tigue, American politician (b. 1945)
2016 - Paul Pholeros, Australian architect (b. 1953)
2017 - E. Ahamed, Indian politician (b. 1938)
2017 - Albano Bortoletto Cavallin, Brazilian archbishop (b. 1930)
2017 - Sandy Gandhi, Indian-Australian comedian (b. 1958)
2017 - Desmond Carrington, English actor (b. 1926)
2017 - Stig Grybe, Swedish actor (b. 1928)
2017 - Ken Morrison, English businessman (b. 1931)
2017 - Cor van der Hoeven, Dutch footballer (b. 1921)
2017 - Asim Basu, Indian theatre director (b. 1935)
2017 - Lars-Erik Berenett, Swedish actor (b. 1942)
2017 - Ken Morrison, English businessman (b. 1931)
2017 - Edward Tipper, American World War II veteran (b. 1921)
2018 - Niranjan Bhagat, Indian poet (b. 1926)
2018 - Hazar Khan Bijarani, Pakistani politician (b. 1946)
2018 - Dennis Edwards, American singer (b. 1943)
2018 - Barys Kit, Belarussian mathematician, physicist, chemist and rocket scientist (b. 1910)
2018 - Su Bai, Chinese archaeologist (b. 1922)
2018 - Omar Aggad, Palestinian-Saudi businessman (b. 1927)
2018 - John Jacob Lavranos, South African botanist (b. 1926)
Observances
Start of Black History Month (Canada and United States)
Start of LGBT History Month (UK)
Freedom Day (United States)
Heroes Day (Rwanda)
Imbolc, a cross-quarter day in the Celtic calendar
St. Brigid's Day (Ireland)
Basque region - The alluvial Pheasant Island is controlled by Spain from this date until July 31
02-01 |
9839 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%205 | February 5 |
Events
Up to 1900
146 BC - Third Punic War: The Romans take over Carthage.
2 BC - The Roman senate grants Augustus Caesar the title of "Pater Patriae", meaning "Father of the Fatherland".
62 - An earthquake strikes Pompeii.
756 - An Lushan in China declares himself Emperor and establishes the state of Yan.
1597 - A group of early Japanese Christians are killed by the new government for being seen as a threat to Japanese society.
1638 – The city of Rheinfelden, Switzerland was attacked.
1778 - South Carolina becomes the second state to ratify the Articles of Confederation.
1782 – Spain defeats British forces to win control of Minorca.
1783 – A series of earthquakes begins in Calabria, Italy.
1805 – The ship Earl of Abergavenny sinks off Weymouth, southern England, killing 261 people.
1810 - The Siege of Cadiz begins during the Peninsular War.
1811 – Due to the continuous health problems of King George III, his son, the future King George IV of the United Kingdom becomes regent.
1818 – Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte becomes king of Sweden.
1859 - Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexander John Cuza as the United Principalities, an autonomous region within the Ottoman Empire, on the way to creating the modern Romanian state.
1885 – King Leopold II of Belgium establishes the Congo as his own private property.
1900 – The United States and United Kingdom sign a treaty for the Panama Canal.
1901 2000
1909 - Belgian chemist Leo Baekeland announces the creation of bakelite, the world's first synthetic plastic. "Synthetic" means it is not a real plastic.
1913 - Greek military aviators Michael Moutoussis and Aristeidis Moraitinis perform the first naval air mission in history, with a Farman MF.7 hydroplane.
1917 – Mexico's current constitution is adopted, establishing a Federal Republic.
1918 – The British military transporter ship Tuscania is torpedoed by a German U-boat off the coast of Northern Ireland.
1919 - United Artists is formed by Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, Mary Pickford and D. W. Griffith.
1924 – The Winter Olympics in Chamonix, Haute-Savoie, France end.
1937 - Franklin D. Roosevelt proposes a plan to enlarge the Supreme Court of the United States.
1937 - The six principles of "Kemalism" become part of Turkey's Constitution.
1939 - Francisco Franco becomes Caudillo of Spain.
1945 – World War II: General Douglas MacArthur returns to Manila.
1958 – Gamal Abdel Nasser is proposed as the first President of the United Arab Republic.
1961 - The Sunday Telegraph newspaper is founded in the UK.
1962 - Charles de Gaulle calls for Algeria to be given independence.
1971 – Apollo 14 lands on the Moon.
1972 – Bob Douglas becomes the first African American in the basketball Hall of Fame.
1974 - The Mariner 10 space probe passes the planet Venus.
1975 - Riots break out in Lima, Peru, after the police forces went on strike the day before. The uprising is violently crushed by the country's military dictatorship.
1985 – After being closed since 1969, Spain's border with Gibraltar is fully reopened.
1988 – Panama's leader Manuel Noriega is indicted for drug smuggling and money laundering.
1994 – A mortar shell hits a market place in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, killing 60 people and injuring around 200.
1994 – Byron De La Beckwith is convicted of the murder of Civil rights activist Medgar Evans in 1963.
1997 - An earthquake in Northeastern Iran kills 100 people.
2000 - Russian forces massacre at least 60 civilians in the Novye Aldi suburb of Grozny, Chechnya.
From 2001
2004 – Morecambe Bay, England: 23 Chinese cockle pickers drown after being caught by the incoming tide.
2006 – Super Bowl XL: The Pittsburgh Steelers defeat the Seattle Seahawks to win their 5th Super Bowl championship.
2008 – A tornado outbreak in the southern United States kills 57 people.
2017 - Cameroon defeats Egypt 2-1 to win the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations football tournament in Libreville, Gabon.
2017 - American football: The New England Patriots come from behind to defeat the Atlanta Falcons in the 51st Super Bowl.
Births
Up to 1900
976 – Emperor Sanjo of Japan (d. 1017)
1505 - Aegidius Tschudi, Swiss historian (d. 1572)
1534 - Giovanni de' Bardi, Italian soldier, composer and critic (d. 1612)
1589 - Esteban Manuel de Villegas, Spanish poet (d. 1669)
1594 - Biagio Marini, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1663)
1725 - James Otis, American lawyer and patriot (d. 1783)
1748 - Elias Stein, Dutch chess player (d. 1812)
1748 - Christian Gottlob Neefe, German composer and conductor (d. 1798)
1784 - Nancy Lincoln, mother of Abraham Lincoln (d. 1818)
1788 – Robert Peel, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1850)
1795 – Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger, Austrian mineralogist and geologist (d. 1871)
1804 – Johan Ludvig Runeberg, Finnish poet (d. 1877)
1808 - Carl Spitzweg, German painter (d. 1885)
1810 – Ole Bull, Norwegian composer (d. 1880)
1824 - Alfonso Capecelatro, Italian archbishop, author and librarian (d. 1921)
1827 – Peter Lalor, leader of the miners at the Eureka Stockade, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia (d. 1889)
1840 – John Boyd Dunlop, Scottish inventor (d. 1921)
1840 - Hiram Stevens Maxim, American inventor (d. 1916)
1840 - Simeon E. Baldwin, Governor of Connecticut (d. 1927)
1846 - John C. Cutler, Governor of Utah (d. 1928)
1848 – Belle Starr, American outlaw (d. 1889)
1848 - Ignacio Carrero Pinto, Chilean war hero (d. 1882)
1852 - Terauchi Masatake, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1919)
1862 - Aleksander Kakowski, Archbishop of Warsaw (d. 1938)
1866 - Domhnall Ua Buachalla, 3rd Governor-General of the Irish Free State (d. 1963)
1875 - Marcus Ward Lyon, Jr., American mammalogist, bacteriologist and pathologist (d. 1942)
1878 – Andre Citroen, French automobile pioneer (d. 1935)
1880 – Gabriel Voison, French aviation pioneer (d. 1973)
1889 - Ernest Tyldesley, English cricketer (d. 1962)
1892 - Tochigiyama Moriya, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1959)
1897 - Dirk Stikker, Dutch NATO Secretary-General (d. 1979)
1900 – Adlai Stevenson, American politician, 31st Governor of Illinois (d. 1965)
1901 1950
1906 – John Carradine, American actor (d. 1988)
1907 – Pierre Pflimlin, Prime Minister of France (d. 2000)
1908 - Daisy and Violet Hilton, English conjoined twins (d. 1969)
1910 – Charles Leblond, Canadian cell biologist (d. 2007)
1910 – Francisco Varallo, Argentine footballer (d. 2010)
1911 – Jussi Björling, Swedish tenor (d. 1960)
1914 – William S. Burroughs, American writer (d. 1997)
1914 – Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, British physiologist and biophysicist (d. 1998)
1915 – Robert Hofstadter, American physicist (d. 1990)
1915 - Margaret Millar, Canadian author (d. 1994)
1916 - Ugo Locatelli, Italian footballer (d. 1993)
1917 - Isuzu Yamada, Japanese actress (d. 2012)
1919 – Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1996)
1919 - Red Buttons, American actor (d. 2006)
1919 - Tim Holt, American actor (d. 1973)
1921 - Ken Adam, German-born British motion picture designer (d. 2016)
1921 - John Pritchard, English conductor (d. 1989)
1923 - Fatmawati, First Lady of Indonesia (d. 1980)
1923 - Claude King, American musician (d. 2013)
1924 - Duraisamy Simon Lourdusamy, Indian cardinal (d. 2014)
1926 - Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, American publisher (d. 2012)
1926 - Stefan Gierasch, American actor (d. 2014)
1929 – Fred Sinowatz, Chancellor of Austria (d. 2008)
1929 - Luc Ferrari, French composer (d. 2005)
1929 - Al Worthington, American baseball player
1929 - Hal Blaine, American musician
1930 - Ilon Wikland, Estonian-Swedish illustrator
1932 – Cesare Maldini, Italian footballer (d. 2016)
1933 - Milos Milutinovic, Yugoslavian footballer (d. 2003)
1933 - Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann, Nicaraguan priest, diplomat and politician (d. 2017)
1934 – Hank Aaron, American Baseball Hall of Famer
1934 - Don Cherry, Canadian ice hockey player
1935 - Charles Turnbull, Governor of the United States Virgin Islands
1937 – Larry Hillman, Canadian ice hockey player
1939 - Miguel Boyer, French-Spanish economist and politician (d. 2014)
1940 - H. R. Giger, Swiss artist (d. 2014)
1941 – Stephen J. Cannell, American television producer and writer (d. 2010)
1941 - Cory Wells, American musician (d. 2015)
1941 – David Selby, American actor
1941 - Kaspar Villiger, Swiss Federal Councillor
1943 – Michael Mann, American movie director
1944 - Tamanoumi Masahiro, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1971)
1945 - Chubby Brown, British comedian
1946 – Charlotte Rampling, British actress
1946 - Mauro Pagani, Italian singer-songwriter and violinist
1947 - Clemente Mastella, Italian politician
1948 – Sven-Göran Eriksson, Swedish football manager
1948 – Christopher Guest, American actor and director
1949 – Kurt Beck, German politician
1950 - Catherine Castel, French actress and make-up artist
1950 - Marie-Pierre Cassel, French actress
1950 - Jonathan Freeman, American actor
1951 1975
1951 - Russell Grant, British astrologer
1951 - Robin Sachs, British actor (d. 2013)
1951 - Nikolay Merkushkin, Russian politician
1952 - Daniel Balavoine, French singer and songwriter
1953 - Gustavo Benitez, Paraguayan footballer
1954 - Cliff Martinez, American musician
1959 – Jennifer Granholm, Canadian-born American politician, former Governor of Michigan
1961 - Albert Anderson, New Zealand rugby player
1961 - Savvas Kofidis, Greek footballer and manager
1961 - Jim Meadows, American actor
1961 - Hakan Peker, Turkish dancer, songwriter, singer and musical composer
1962 - Jacqui Dankworth, English jazz singer
1964 – Laura Linney, American actress
1964 – Duff McKagan, American musician
1964 - David Gilmore, American jazz musician
1965 - Gheorghe Hagi, Romanian footballer
1966 - Jose Maria Olazabal, Spanish golfer
1966 - Vivian Wu, Chinese actress
1969 – Bobby Brown, American singer
1969 – Michael Sheen, Welsh actor
1970 - Jean-Marc Jaumin, Belgian basketball player and coach
1972 – Mary E. Donaldson, Crown Princess of Denmark
1975 – Giovanni van Bronckhorst, Dutch footballer
1975 - Alison Hammond, English television presenter
From 1976
1976 – Abhishek Bachchan, Indian actor
1976 – John Aloisi, Australian footballer
1977 – Ben Ainslie, English sailor
1980 - Patrick Grady, Scottish politician
1980 - Jo Swinson, Scottish politician
1980 - Brad Fitzpatrick, American programmer
1980 - Peter, Hereditary Prince of Yugoslavia
1980 - Tiwa Savage, Nigerian singer, songwriter and actress
1981 - Nora Zehetner, American actress
1982 - Aidin Nikkah Behrami, Iranian basketball player (d. 2007)
1982 – Rodrigo Palacio, Argentine footballer
1984 – Carlos Tevez, Argentine footballer
1985 – Cristiano Ronaldo, Portuguese footballer
1985 - Paul Vandervort, American actor and model
1986 - Andreas Beck, German tennis player
1986 – Vedran Corluka, Croatian footballer
1987 - Linus Omark, Swedish ice hockey player
1988 - Natalie Geisenberger, German luger
1990 - Jordan Rhodes, Scottish footballer
1991 – Alba Riquelme, Paraguayan model
1992 – Neymar, Brazilian footballer
1992 - Stefan de Vrij, Dutch footballer
1992 - Carina Vogt, German ski jumper, first women's Ski jumping Olympic champion
1994 - Saki Nakajima, Japanese singer
1995 - Adnan Januzaj, Belgian footballer
1995 - Trayvon Martin, American teenager, shooting victim (d. 2012)
2002 – Davis Cleveland, American actor
2016 - Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck, Crown Prince of Bhutan
Deaths
Up to 1900
1520 – Sven Sture the Younger, regent of Sweden (b. 1493)
1578 - Giovanni Battista Moroni, Italian painter (b. 1520)
1661 - Shunzhi Emperor of China (b. 1638)
1705 - Philipp Jakob Spener, German theologian (b. 1635)
1754 - Nicolaas Kruik, Dutch astronomer and cartographer (b. 1678)
1790 - William Cullen, Scottish physician and chemist (b. 1710)
1807 - Pasquale Paoli, Corsican military leader and politician (b. 1725)
1818 – King Charles XIII of Sweden (b. 1748)
1881 – Thomas Carlyle, Scottish physician and chemist (b. 1795)
1882 - Adolfo Rivadeneyra, Spanish traveler, writer and diplomat (b. 1841)
1889 - Ole Jacob Broch, Norwegian scientist and politician (b. 1818)
1901 2000
1917 – Jaber II al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1860)
1922 - Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, Croatian inventor (b. 1871)
1927 - Inayat Khan, Indian educator (b. 1882)
1931 - Athanasios Eftaxias, Greek politician (b. 1849)
1933 - Joseph Roffo, French rugby player (b. 1879)
1938 – Hans Litten, German lawyer (b. 1903)
1941 – Banjo Paterson, Australian poet (b. 1864)
1941 - Otto Strandman, 1st Prime Minister of Estonia (b. 1864)
1947 – Hans Fallada, German writer (b. 1893)
1952 - Adela Verne, English pianist and composer (b. 1877)
1953 - Iuliu Maniu, Romanian politician (b. 1873)
1955 - Victor Houteff, Bulgarian religious reformer and author (b. 1885)
1969 – Thelma Ritter, American actress (b. 1902)
1972 - Marianne Moore, American writer (b. 1887)
1976 - Rudy York, American baseball player (b. 1926)
1981 – Ella Grasso, Governor of Connecticut (b. 1919)
1993 - Joseph L. Mankiewicz, American writer, producer and director (b. 1909)
1993 - Tip Tipping, English actor and stuntman (b. 1958)
1993 - Adnan Kahveci, Turkish politician (b. 1949)
1997 - Pamela Harriman, English-American diplomat (b. 1920)
1999 – Wassily Leontief, Russian economist (b. 1906)
From 2001
2005 – Gnassingbé Eyadéma, President of Togo (b. 1937)
2008 – Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Indian spiritual guru (b. 1917)
2009 – Dana Vavrova, Czech actress (b. 1967)
2010 – Harry Schwarz, South African lawyer, politician and diplomat (b. 1924)
2011 – Brian Jacques, British writer (b. 1939)
2013 - Stuart Freeborn, British make-up artist (b. 1914)
2013 - Egil Hovland, Norwegian composer (b. 1924)
2014 - Carlos Borges, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1931)
2015 - Henri Coppens, Belgian footballer (b. 1930)
2015 - K. N. Choksy, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician (b. 1933)
2015 - Val Logsdon Fitch, American nuclear physicist (b. 1923)
2016 - Bodil Malmsten, Swedish poet and novelist (b. 1944)
2016 - Bill Birchfield, American politician (b. 1935)
2016 - Ciriaco Cañete, Filipino martial artist (b. 1919)
2017 - Sonny Geraci, American musician (b. 1947)
2017 - Björn Granath, Swedish actor (b. 1946)
2018 - Margot Duhalde, Chilean pilot (b. 1920)
2021 - Christopher Plummer, Canadian actor (b. 1929)
Observances
Constitution Day (Mexico)
Kashmir Solidarity Day (Kashmir)
Unity Day (Burundi)
Runeberg's birthday (Finland)
Trivia
A large number of successful footballers and football managers were born on February 5. This includes ones that are currently active in either playing or management, and some who are currently not.
February 05 |
9840 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%208 | February 8 |
Events
Up to 1900
421 - Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
1238 - Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir.
1347 - End of the Byzantine Empire's civil war of 1341 to 1347.
1575 - The University of Leiden in the Netherlands is founded.
1587 – Mary, Queen of Scots is executed.
1601 - Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex fails in an attempt to take over England from Elizabeth I.
1676 - Tsar Alexis of Russia dies. His son, Feodor III of Russia, becomes Tsar.
1725 – Tsar Peter I of Russia dies.
1807 - Napoleonic Wars: In the Battle of Eylau in present-day Poland, Napoleon Bonaparte's French troops defeat the Russians under General Levin August, Count of Bennigsen.
1817 - Juan Gregorio de las Heras crosses the Andes with an army to join Jose de San Martin in liberating Chile from Spain.
1837 - The United States Senate chooses Richard Mentor Johnson to become Vice President of the United States.
1853 - The Oregon Territory is split up, as the northern part becomes the Washington Territory. Oregon becomes a US State in 1859, with Washington doing the same in 1889.
1855 - The Devil's Footprints mysteriously appear in Devon.
1865 - Delaware votes to continue with the practice of slavery, though it bans it in 1901.
1879 - Sandford Fleming proposes the idea of Universal Standard Time at a meeting of the Royal Canadian Institution.
1879 - England's national cricket team is attacked in a riot in Sydney, Australia.
1885 - The first Japanese immigrants to be allowed in by the then-Hawaiian government, arrive in Hawaii.
1887 - The Henry L. Dawes Act allows the President of the United States to survey Native American tribal land.
1901 1950
1904 - A surprise Japanese torpedo attack at Port Arthur, China, starts the Russo-Japanese War.
1910 - The Boy Scouts of America is founded by William D. Boyce.
1915 - D. W. Griffith's racist silent movie Birth of a Nation is first screened in Los Angeles, California.
1922 - Warren G. Harding introduces the first radio in the White House.
1924 - The first state execution by gas chamber takes place in Nevada.
1937 - The Massacre of Malaga during the Spanish Civil War begins. Over the next few days, an estimated 10,000 people are killed.
1942 - World War II: Japan invades Singapore.
1945 - World War II: The United Kingdom and Canada start Operation Veritable to occupy the west bank of the Rhine.
1946 - The first portion of the Revised Standard Version of the Bible is published.
1948 - Official creation of the Korean People's Army in North Korea.
1950 - The Stasi, East Germany's secret police, is founded.
1951 2000
1952 – Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is proclaimed Queen after the death of her father, King George VI of the United Kingdom, two days earlier.
1960 - Queen Elizabeth II issues an Order-in-Council, stating that she and her family would be known as the House of Windsor, and that her descendants would carry the name Mountbatten-Windsor.
1960 - The first eight brass star plaques are installed at the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
1962 - Charonne massacre: Nine Trade unionists are killed by French police, which had been allowed by the-then chief of Paris police, Maurice Papon.
1963 - Travel, financial and commercial transactions by US citizens in Cuba are banned by the John F. Kennedy administration.
1963 - The first full-color television programme is broadcast in Mexico City.
1963 - Iraq's Prime Minister, Brigadier-General Abdul-Karim Qassem is overthrown by the Ba'ath Party.
1965 - Eastern Airlines Flight 663 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean shortly after take-off from New York John F. Kennedy International Airport, after trying to avoid a mid-air collision. All on board are killed.
1968 - An attack on African American students from South Carolina State University, protesting in Orangeburg, South Carolina, kills 3 or 4.
1969 - The so-called Allende meteorite lands in Chihuahua State, Mexico.
1971 - South Vietnamese ground troops launch an incursion into Laos.
1971 – The NASDAQ stock market index opens.
1974 - After 84 days in space, the crew of Skylab 4 returns to Earth.
1974 - A military coup occurs in Upper Volta, present-day Burkina Faso.
1978 - United States Senate proceedings are broadcast on radio for the first time.
1979 - Denis Sassou-Nguesso is elected President of the Republic of the Congo.
1981 - 21 football fans are trampled to death in Neo Faliro, Greece, after a match between Olympiakos and AEK Athens.
1983 - After a record-breaking drought, the city of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia is affected by a dust storm, and a red dust cloud hangs over the city.
1984 - The 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo begin.
1986 - The Hinton train collision in southern Alberta, Canada, kills 23 people.
1989 - An Independent Air Boeing 707 crashes into Pico Alto Mountain on Santa Maria island, Azores.
1992 - The 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France, begin.
1993 – A plane crash in Tehran kills 115 people.
1996 - The massive internet collaboration "24 Hours in Cyberspace" takes place.
From 2001
2002 - The 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah, begin.
2010 - A freak storm in the Hindu Kush, Afghanistan, causes a series of at least 36 avalanches, killing at least 172 people, and trapping many travelers in the region.
2013 - A strong winter storm affects the northeastern United States.
Births
Up to 1800
120 - Vettius Valens, Greek astrologer (d. 175)
412 - Proclus, Greek philosopher (d. 485)
1191 - Yaroslav II of Russia (d. 1246)
1291 – Afonso IV of Portugal (d. 1357)
1405 - Constantine XI Palaiologus, last Emperor of the Byzantine Empire (d. 1453)
1487 - Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1550)
1586 - Jacob Praetorius, German composer (d. 1651)
1612 – Samuel Butler, English poet (d. 1680)
1649 - Gabriel Daniel, French historian (d. 1728)
1677 - Jacques Cassini, French astronomer (d. 1756)
1700 – Daniel Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and physicist (d. 1782)
1708 - Vaclav Jan Kopriva, Bohemian composer and organist (d. 1789)
1720 - Emperor Sakuramachi of Japan (d. 1750)
1754 - Isaac Tichenor, Governor of Vermont (d. 1838)
1762 - Gia Long, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1820)
1792 - Carolina Augusta of Bavaria (d. 1873)
1798 - Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia (d. 1849)
1801 1900
1804 - Richard Lemon Lander, English explorer (d. 1834)
1807 - Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins, English sculptor and naturalist (d. 1889)
1818 - Austin Blair, Governor of Michigan (d. 1894)
1819 – John Ruskin, English writer (d. 1900)
1820 – William Tecumseh Sherman, American Union General (d. 1891)
1822 - Maxime Du Camp, French photographer and journalist (d. 1894)
1825 - Henry Walter Bates, English scientist (d. 1892)
1828 – Jules Verne, French writer (d. 1905)
1828 - Antonio Canovas del Castillo, Spanish politician (d. 1897)
1830 - Abdulaziz, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1876)
1834 – Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist (d. 1907)
1849 - Arisitide Cavallari, Italian cardinal and archbishop (d. 1914)
1850 - Kate Chopin, American writer (d. 1904)
1861 - Harry Ward Leonard, American engineer and inventor (d. 1915)
1866 - Moses Gomberg, Russian-born American chemist (d. 1947)
1876 - Paula Modersohn-Becker, German painter (d. 1907)
1878 – Martin Buber, Austrian-Israeli philosopher (d. 1965)
1880 - Franz Marc, German painter (d. 1916)
1880 - Viktor Schwanneke, German stage director, stage and movie actor (d. 1931)
1882 - Thomas Etholen Selfridge, American military officer and airplane crash victim (d. 1908)
1883 – Joseph Schumpeter, Austrian economist (d. 1950)
1884 - Reginald Baker, Australian athlete and actor (d. 1953)
1886 - Charles Ruggles, American actor (d. 1970)
1888 - Jakob Kaiser, German politician and activist (d. 1961)
1890 - Claro M. Recto, Filipino statesman (d. 1960)
1892 - Ralph Chubb, British poet, artist and printmaker (d. 1960)
1893 - Ba Maw, Burmese politician (d. 1977)
1894 - Ludwig Marcuse, German writer and philosopher (d. 1971)
1894 - King Vidor, American movie director (d. 1982)
1897 – Zakir Hussain, 3rd President of India (d. 1969)
1899 - Lonnie Johnson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1970)
1900 - Ivan Ivanov-Vano, Russian animator and director (d. 1987)
1901 1950
1902 – Demchugdongrub, Mongolian politician (d. 1966)
1903 - Greta Keller, Austrian-American singer and actress (d. 1977)
1903 - Aleksander Mitt, Estonian speed skater (d. 1942)
1906 - Chester Carlson, American physicist and inventor (d. 1968)
1909 - Elisabeth Murdoch, mother of Rupert Murdoch (d. 2012)
1911 – Elizabeth Bishop, American poet (d. 1979)
1911 - Big Joe Turner, American singer (d. 1985)
1913 - Betty Field, American actress (d. 1973)
1914 - Bill Finger, American comic writer (d. 1974)
1920 - Bill Bemer, American computer programmer (d. 2004)
1921 – Lana Turner, American actress (d. 1995)
1921 - Immanuel Jakobovits, Baron Jakobovits, Chief Rabbi of Commonwealth Congregations (d. 1999)
1921 - Eddie Rutherford, Scottish footballer (d. 2007)
1922 - Yuri Averbakh, Russian chess player
1924 – Khamtai Siphandone, former President of Laos
1925 – Jack Lemmon, American actor and movie director (d. 2001)
1926 - Neal Cassidy, American writer (d. 1968)
1928 - Vyacheslav Tikhonov, Russian actor (d. 2009)
1928 - Jack Larson, American actor, screenwriter and producer (d. 2015)
1929 - Claude Rich, French actor (d. 2017)
1930 - Catherine Hardy Lavender, American athlete (d. 2017)
1931 – James Dean, American actor (d. 1955)
1932 – Horst Eckel, German footballer
1932 – John Williams, American composer and director
1932 - Cliff Allison, British racing driver (d. 2005)
1933 - Elly Ameling, Dutch soprano
1933 - Jack Larson, American actor
1936 - Larry Verne, American singer
1937 - Manfred Krug, German actor (d. 2016)
1937 - Harry Wu, Chinese activist (d. 2016)
1941 - Jagjit Singh, Indian musician (d. 2011)
1941 - Nick Nolte, American actor
1941 - Tom Rush, American singer and songwriter
1944 – Roger Lloyd-Pack, British actor (d. 2014)
1945 – Kinza Clodumar, former President of Nauru
1947 - John Roll, American judge (d. 2011)
1947 - Yi Zhongtian, Chinese writer
1948 - Ron Tyson, American singer
1948 - Lynda Lyon Block, American convicted murderer (d. 2002)
1949 - Brooke Adams, American actress
1951 1975
1951 - Rosario Crocetta, Italian politician, former President of Sicily
1952 - Marinho Chagas, Brazilian footballer (d. 2014)
1952 - Carolyn Pickles, British actress
1953 – Mary Steenburgen, American actress
1955 – John Grisham, American writer
1955 - Nancy Oliver, American playwright and television writer
1956 - Marques Johnson, American basketball player
1957 - Mehmet Ali Erbil, Turkish comedian, actor and talk show host
1958 - Marina Silva, Brazilian environmental activist and politician
1958 - Sherri Martel, American professional wrestler (d. 2007)
1959 - Irina Kalinina, Soviet-Russian diver
1959 - Mauricio Macri, Argentine businessman and politician, President of Argentina
1960 – Benigno Aquino III, former President of the Philippines (d. 2021)
1960 – Alfred Gusenbauer, former Chancellor of Austria
1960 - Dino Ciccarelli, Canadian ice hockey player
1961 - Vince Neil, American singer
1961 - Bruce Timm, American character designer, animator and producer
1963 - Mohammad Azharuddin, Indian cricketer
1963 - Jon Hjartarson, Icelandic chess player
1964 - Trinny Woodall, British fashion designer, author and television personality
1966 – Bruno Labbadia, German footballer
1966 – Hristo Stoichkov, Bulgarian footballer
1967 – Lorenzo Minotti, Italian footballer
1968 – Gary Coleman, American actor (d. 2010)
1969 - Mary McCormack, American actress
1971 - Andrus Veerpalu, Estonian cross-country skier
1971 - Aidy Boothroyd, English footballer and manager
1972 - Big Show, American wrestler and actor
1974 - Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo, French disc jockey (Daft Punk)
1974 – Seth Green, American actor
1974 – Kimbo Slice, American mixed martial artist (d. 2016)
1974 – Ulises de la Cruz, Ecuadorean footballer
From 1976
1976 - Khaled Mashud, Bangladeshi cricketer
1976 - Adam Pialt, American baseball player
1976 - Abi Titmuss, English glamour model
1977 – Sverre Andreas Jakobsson, Icelandic handball player
1977 - Mathieu Turcotte, Canadian short-track speed skater
1977 - Dave Farrell, American musician
1979 - Aaron Cook, American baseball player
1979 - Josh Keaton, American actor and singer
1980 - Ralf Little, English actor and comedian
1981 - Steve Gohouri, Ivorian footballer (d. 2015)
1982 - Liam McIntyre, Australian actor
1983 - Cory Jane, New Zealand rugby player
1983 - Olga Syahputra, Indonesian comedian (d. 2015)
1983 - Jim Verraros, American singer and actor
1984 - Manuel Osborne-Paradis, Canadian alpine skier
1984 - Panagiotis Vasilopoulos, Greek basketball player
1985 - Jeremy Davis, American musician (Paramore)
1987 - Jessica Jerome, American ski jumper
1987 – Carolina Kostner, Italian ice skater
1987 - Francisco Javier Garcia, Spanish footballer
1988 - Nozomi Sasaki, Japanese model
1989 - Dani Harmer, English actress
1990 - Bethany Hamilton, American surfer
1990 - Klay Thompson, American basketball player
1991 - Nam Woo-hyun, South Korean singer, composer, songwriter and actor
1992 - Carl Jenkinson, English footballer
1994 - Nikki Yanofsky, Canadian jazz and pop singer-songwriter
1995 - Joshua Kimmich, German footballer
1995 - Jordan Todosey, Canadian actress
1996 - Kenedy, Brazilian footballer
1997 - Kathryn Newton, American actress
Deaths
Up to 1900
1204 - Alexius IV Angelus, Eastern Roman Emperor (b. 1182)
1250 - Robert I, Count of Artois (b. 1216)
1265 - Hulagu Khan, Mongol ruler (b. 1217)
1296 - King Przemysl II of Poland (b. 1257)
1572 - Cho Shik, Korean scholar, politician, educator and poet (b. 1501)
1587 – Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1542)
1640 - Murad IV, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1612)
1676 - Alexis of Russia (b. 1629)
1696 – Ivan V of Russia (b. 1666)
1709 - Giuseppe Torelli, Italian composer (b. 1658)
1725 – Peter I of Russia (b. 1672)
1749 - Jan van Huysum, Dutch painter (b. 1682)
1750 - Aaron Hill, English writer (b. 1685)
1768 - George Dance the Elder, English architect (b. 1695)
1772 - Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of Wales (b. 1719)
1849 – France Preseren, Slovenian poet (b. 1800)
1849 - Francois Antoine Habeneck, French violinist (b. 1781)
1856 - Agostino Bassi, Italian entomologist (b. 1773)
1887 - Charles Wilkes, American naval officer and polar explorer (b. 1798)
1901 2000
1918 - Louis Renault, French jurist (b. 1843)
1921 - Peter Kropotkin, Russian anarchist (b. 1842)
1932 - Yordan Milanov, Bulgarian architect (b. 1867)
1935 - Max Liebermann, German painter (b. 1847)
1936 – Charles Curtis, Vice President of the United States (b. 1860)
1956 - Connie Mack, American baseball manager and executive (b. 1862)
1957 – Walther Bothe, German physicist (b. 1891)
1957 – John von Neumann, Hungarian mathematician and physicist (b. 1903)
1960 - Giles Gilbert Scott, English architect and designer (b. 1880)
1963 - George Dolenz, American actor (b. 1908)
1965 - Wayne Estes, American basketball player (b. 1943)
1972 - Markos Vamvakaris, Greek musician and songwriter (b. 1905)
1975 – Robert Robinson, British chemist (b. 1886)
1978 - Sam H. Jones, Governor of Louisiana (b. 1897)
1979 - Dennis Gabor, Hungarian physicist (b. 1900)
1985 - William Lyons, British entrepreneur (b. 1901)
1990 – Del Shannon, American entertainer (b. 1934)
1992 - Stanley Armour Dunham, grandfather of Barack Obama (b. 1918)
1992 - Denny Wright, British jazz guitarist (b. 1924)
1994 - Raymond Scott, American composer (b. 1908)
1994 - Ken G. Hall, Australian movie director and producer (b. 1901)
1998 – Halldor Laxness, Icelandic writer (b. 1902)
1998 – Enoch Powell, British politician (b. 1912)
1998 - Julian Lincoln Simon, American economist and writer (b. 1932)
1999 – Iris Murdoch, Irish writer (b. 1919)
From 2001
2001 - Ivo Caprino, Norwegian movie director and writer (b. 1920)
2002 – Ong Teng Cheong Sing, President of Singapore (b. 1936)
2005 - Keith Knudsen, American drummer and singer-songwriter (b. 1948)
2006 - Akira Ifukube, Japanese composer (b. 1914)
2007 – Anna Nicole Smith, American actress and model (b. 1967)
2009 - Marian Cozma, Romanian handball player (b. 1982)
2010 – John Murtha, American politician (b. 1932)
2011 - Cesare Rubini, Italian water polo player, basketball player and coach (b. 1923)
2013 - Giovanni Cheli, Italian cardinal (b. 1918)
2014 - Maicon Pereira de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer (b. 1988)
2014 - Els Borst, Dutch politician (b. 1932)
2015 - Müzeyyen Senar, Turkish singer (b. 1918)
2015 - Rauni-Leena Luukanen-Kilde, Finnish parapsychologist (b. 1939)
2016 - Amelia Bence, Argentine actress (b. 1914)
2016 - Nida Fazli, Indian poet (b. 1937)
2016 - Charles C. Campbell, American general (b. 1948)
2016 - Johnny Duncan, American actor (b. 1923)
2016 - August P. Mardesich, American politician (b. 1920)
2016 - Viggo Rivad, Danish photographer (b. 1922)
2016 - Violette Verdy, French ballerina (b. 1933)
2017 - Tara Palmer-Tomkinson, English socialite and television personality (b. 1971)
2017 - Peter Mansfield, English physicist (b. 1933)
2017 - Brendan McGahon, Irish politician (b. 1936)
2017 - Alan Simpson, English comedy scriptwriter (b. 1929)
2017 - Steve Sumner, English-New Zealand footballer (b. 1955)
2017 - Mikhail Tolstykh, Ukrainian military commander (b. 1980)
2017 - Mohamud Muse Hersi, Somali politician, President of Puntland (b. 1937)
2017 - Tom Raworth, British poet and visual artist (b. 1938)
2018 - John Martinkovic, American football player (b. 1927)
2018 - Ebony Reigns, Ghanaian singer (b. 1997)
2018 - Lovebug Starski, American rapper and DJ (b. 1960)
Observances
Preseren Day (Slovenia)
February 08 |
9841 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2015 | February 15 |
Events
Up to 1900
1637 - Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned.
1690 - Constantin Cremer, Prince of Moldavia, and the Holy Roman Empire sign a secret treaty in Sitiu.
1760 - British ship HMS Ramilles strands at Bolt Head near Plymouth, England, after a navigation error. Around 700 people on board are killed. 26 survive.
1764 – The city of St. Louis, Missouri is established.
1786 - The "Cat's Eye" nebula is discovered by William Herschel.
1794 - The Tricolore becomes the national flag of France.
1798 - The Roman Republic is proclaimed after Louis Alexandre Berthier, a general of Napoleon Bonaparte, had invaded the city of Rome five days earlier.
1804 - The Serbian Revolution begins.
1835 – The first constitutional law in modern Serbia is adopted.
1855 - French frigate La Semillante breaks apart in the Strait of Bonifacio between Corsica and Sardinia, killing all 693 people on board.
1862 - American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant attacks Fort Donelson, Tennessee.
1879 - Women's rights: US President Rutherford B. Hayes signs a bill allowing female attorneys to argue cases at the United States Supreme Court.
1898 - Spanish-American War: The USS Maine explodes and sinks in Havana, Cuba, killing over 260 people. This leads to the US declaring war on Spain.
1901 2000
1901 - Peruvian football club Alianza Lima is founded under the name "Sport Alianza".
1909 - The Flores Theater fire in Acapulco, Mexico, kills 250 people.
1923 - Greece adopts the Gregorian calendar, becoming the last European country to do so.
1925 - 1925 Serum Run to Nome, Alaska: The serum arrives in Nome, Alaska, with Balto as the lead dog of the last team.
1933 - In Miami, Giuseppe Zangara tries to kill President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt but instead shoots Mayor of Chicago Anton J. Cermak, who dies on March 6.
1942 - World War II: Singapore falls to the Japanese.
1944 – World War II: The assault on Monte Cassino in Italy begins.
1945 - World War II: Third day of the Fire Bombing of Dresden.
1946 - ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose computer is formally dedicated at the University of Pennsylvania.
1952 - The funeral of King George VI of the United Kingdom is held in London.
1953 - Liechtenstein holds its first parliamentary election.
1956 – Urho Kekkonen is elected President of Finland.
1961 - Sabena Flight 548 crashes in Belgium, killing 73 people, including the entire US figure skating team.
1965 – The Maple Leaf flag becomes Canada's flag
1967 – Chicago, a musical group forms.
1970 - A Dominican DC-9 airplane crashes into the sea shortly after take-off from Santo Domingo, killing 102 people.
1971 – Britain adopts decimal currency.
1972 - Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra, President of Ecuador, is overthrown by a military coup.
1979 - Don Dunstan resigns as Premier of South Australia.
1989 – The last Soviet troops leave Afghanistan.
1994 - A magnitude 6.9 earthquake strikes Sumatra, killing 207 people.
1996 - The tanker Sea Empress runs aground at Milford Haven, South Wales, leaking oil.
2000 - The European Union starts membership talks with Slovakia, Latvia and Bulgaria.
From 2001
2001 - The first draft of the complete human genome is published in the Nature journal.
2003 – Millions of people around the world protest against the planned US-led invasion of Iraq.
2005 – YouTube is founded by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen and Jawed Karim.
2012 - A major fire at a prison in Honduras kills over 360 people.
2013 - 2013 Russian meteor event: A meteor crashes down over Chelyabinsk, Russia, shattering windows and injuring over 1,000 people. Coincidentally, near-Earth asteroid 2012 DA14 passed within 27,700 kilometers of distance to Earth's surface later on this date.
Births
Up to 1825
1368 - Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1437)
1377 - Ladislaus of Naples (died 1414)
1458 - Ivan the Young, son of Ivan III of Russia (died 1490)
1471 - Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian ruler (died 1503)
1564 – Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer and mathematician (died 1642)
1571 – Michael Praetorius, German composer (died 1621)
1620 - Francois Charpentier, French archaeologist (died 1702)
1621 - Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, French founder of Montreal (died 1676)
1710 – King Louis XV of France (died 1774)
1725 - Abraham Clark, American founding father (died 1794)
1739 - Alexander-Theodore Brogniart, French architect (died 1813)
1748 – Jeremy Bentham, English philosopher (died 1832)
1751 - Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, German painter (died 1829)
1759 - Friedrich August Wolf, German archaeologist (died 1824)
1760 - Jean-François Le Sueur, French composer (died 1837)
1774 - Prince Frederick of Orange-Nassau (died 1799)
1792 - Floride Calhoun, Second Lady of the United States (died 1866)
1803 - John Sutter, Swiss-American pioneer (died 1880)
1809 - André Dumont, Belgian geologist (died 1857)
1809 - Cyrus McCormack, American inventor (died 1884)
1811 - Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, President of Argentina (died 1888)
1812 – Charles Lewis Tiffany, American jeweller (died 1902)
1813 - Fredrick Holbrook, Governor of Vermont (died 1909)
1820 – Susan B. Anthony, American women's civil rights leader (died 1906)
1820 - Arvid Posse, Prime Minister of Sweden (died 1901)
1825 - Carter Harrison, Sr., Mayor of Chicago (died 1893)
1826 1900
1826 - George Johnstone Stoney, Irish physicist (d. 1911)
1831 - Adolf Deucher, Swiss politician (d. 1912)
1834 - Vasile Alexandrescu Urechia, Moldovan-Romanian politician, historian and writer (died 1901)
1835 - Demetrius Vikelas, Greek sports official (died 1908)
1835 - Nguyen Khuyen, Vietnamese scholar, poet and teacher (died 1909)
1840 - Titu Maiorescu, Prime Minister of Romania (died 1917)
1841 - Manoel Ferraz de Campos Salles, Brazilian politician (died 1913)
1845 – Elihu Root, American politician (died 1937)
1847 - Robert Fuchs, Austrian composer (died 1927)
1851 - Spiru Haret, Romanian-American mathematician, astronomer and politician (died 1912)
1856 - Emil Kraepelin, German psychiatrist (died 1926)
1858 - William Henry Pickering, American astronomer (died 1938)
1859 - Louis-Joseph Maurin, French cardinal (died 1936)
1860 - Scott C. Pone, American Territorial Governor of Alaska (died 1936)
1861 – Charles Edouard Guillaume, French physicist (died 1938)
1861 – Alfred North Whitehead, British philosopher and mathematician (died 1947)
1861 - Billy Adams, 24th Governor of Colorado (died 1954)
1873 – Hans von Euler-Chelpin, German chemist (died 1964)
1874 – Ernest Shackleton, Irish Antarctic explorer (died 1922)
1877 - Louis Renault, French automobile executive (died 1944)
1890 - Robert Ley, German Nazi official (died 1945)
1891 - Dino Borgioli, Italian lyric tenor (died 1960)
1892 - James Forrestal, United States Secretary of the Navy (died 1949)
1893 - Walter Donaldson, American songwriter (died 1947)
1899 - Gale Sondergaard, American actress (died 1985)
1901 1950
1904 - Antonin Magne, French cyclist (died 1893)
1905 – Harold Arlen, American composer (died 1986)
1907 - Jean Langlais, French composer and organist (died 1991)
1907 – Cesar Romero, American actor (died 1994)
1908 - Sarto Fournier, 38th Mayor of Montreal (died 1980)
1908 - Toto, Italian actor (died 1967)
1909 – Miep Gies, Dutch helper of Anne Frank and other Jews (died 2010)
1909 - Guillermo Gorostiza, Spanish footballer (died 1966)
1910 – Irena Sendler, Polish humanitarian (died 2008)
1910 – Stanley Vann, British musician (died 2010)
1912 - Andrei Lupan, Moldovan writer and politician (died 1992)
1913 - Erich Eliskases, Austrian chess player (died 1997)
1914 - Hale Boggs, American politician (died 1972)
1914 – Kevin McCarthy, American actor (died 2010)
1916 - Mary Jane Croft, American actress
1917 - Gösta Andersson, Swedish wrestler (died 1975)
1920 - Endicott Peabody, Governor of Massachusetts (died 1997)
1922 - John B. Anderson, American politician
1923 - Yelena Bonner, Russian activist (died 2011)
1927 - Carlo Maria Martini, Italian cardinal (died 2012)
1928 - Norman Bridwell, American author and cartoonist (died 2014)
1929 - Graham Hill, British racing driver (died 1975)
1929 - James R. Schlesinger, American politician (died 2014)
1931 – Claire Bloom, British actress
1934 - Niklaus Wirth, Swiss computer scientist
1935 – Roger Chaffee, American astronaut (died 1967)
1939 - Robert Hansen, American serial killer (died 2014)
1940 - Hamzah Haz, 9th Vice President of Indonesia
1941 - Florinda Bolkan, Brazilian actress
1944 - Mick Avory, English drummer (The Kinks)
1945 - John Helliwell, English musician (Supertramp)
1946 - Clare Short, British politician
1947 - Marisa Berenson, American actress
1948 – Art Spiegelman, American cartoonist
1948 - Tino Insana, American actor, writer and movie producer
1948 - Bernd Pischetsrieder, German automobile engineer and manager
1949 - Francisco Maturana, Colombian footballer
1951 1975
1951 – Jane Seymour, British actress
1951 – Melissa Manchester, American singer
1952 – Tomislav Nikolic, President of Serbia
1953 – Derek Conway, English politician
1954 – Matt Groening, American writer and cartoonist, creator of The Simpsons and Futurama
1954 – Armand Parmentier, Belgian athlete
1955 – Janice Dickinson, American supermodel
1955 – Christopher McDonald, American actor
1956 – Hitoshi Ogawa, Japanese racing driver (died 1992)
1956 – Desmond Haynes, Barbadian cricketer
1957 – Jimmy Spencer, American racing driver
1959 – Ali Campbell, British musician (UB40)
1959 – Martin Rowson, English author and illustrator
1960 – Mikey Craig, English musician (Culture Club)
1960 – Roman Kostrzewski, Polish musician
1961 – Neale Daniher, Australian rules footballer
1962 – Milo Dukanovic, 29th Prime Minister of Montenegro
1964 – Chris Farley, American comedian (died 1997)
1964 – Leland D. Melvin, American engineer and astronaut
1964 – Mark Price, American basketball player and coach
1967 – Craig Simpson, Canadian ice hockey player
1968 – Gloria Trevi, Mexican singer and actress
1972 – Anna-Jane Casey, English actress, writer and dancer
1972 – Jaromir Jagr, Czech ice hockey player
1973 – Katerina Neumannova, Czech cross-country skier
1973 – Alex Borstein, American actress
1973 – Amy Van Dyken, American swimmer
1974 – Toni Puutansuu, Finnish singer (Lordi)
1974 – Omarosa Manigault Newman, American businesswoman and actress
1974 – Miranda July, American actress, screenwriter and director
From 1976
1976 - Brandon Boyd, American musician
1976 - Oscar Freire, Spanish cyclist
1976 - Giorgos Karagoutis, Greek basketball player
1976 - Ronnie Vannucci, Jr., American musician (The Killers)
1979 – Scott Severin, Scottish footballer
1980 - Conor Oberst, American singer and songwriter
1980 - Josh Sole, New Zealand-Italian rugby player
1981 – Heurelho Gomes, Brazilian footballer
1981 - Olivia, American singer
1981 - Rita Jeptoo, Kenyan runner
1983 – David Degen, Swiss footballer
1983 – Philipp Degen, Swiss footballer
1983 - Ashley Tesoro, American actress and singer
1984 - Dorota Rabczewska, Polish singer
1986 - Valeri Bojinov, Bulgarian footballer
1986 - Gabriel Paletta, Argentine footballer
1986 - Amber Riley, American actress and singer
1987 - Jarrod Sammut, Australian rugby player
1988 - Hironori Kusano, Japanese singer
1988 - Rui Patricio, Portuguese footballer
1988 - Tim Mannah, Australian rugby player
1990 - Erwin Sak, Polish footballer
1990 - Charles Pic, French racing driver
1990 - Stephanie Vogt, Liechtenstein tennis player
1991 - Angel Sepulveda, Mexican footballer
1991 - Panagiotis Tachtsidis, Greek footballer
1992 - Greer Grammer, American actress
1995 - Sara Daebritz, German footballer
1998 - Zachary Gordon, American actor
Deaths
Up to 1900
670 - Oswiu of Northumbria (b. 612)
706 - Leontios, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire
706 - Tiberios III, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire
1145 – Pope Lucius II
1152 - Conrad, Holy Roman Emperor
1621 – Michael Praetorius, German composer (b. 1571)
1637 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1578)
1738 – Matthias Braun, Czech sculptor (b. 1684)
1775 – Peter Dens, Belgian Catholic theologian (b. 1690)
1781 – Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German writer and philosopher (b. 1729)
1818 – Friedrich Ludwig, Fürst zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, Prussian general (b. 1746)
1835 – Henry Hunt, British politician (b. 1773)
1844 - Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1757)
1847 – Germinal Pierre Dandelin, Belgian mathematician (b. 1794)
1848 – Hermann von Boyen, Prussian field marshal (b. 1771)
1849 – Pierre François Verhulst, Belgian mathematician (b. 1804)
1857 – Mikhail Glinka, Russian composer (b. 1804)
1864 - Adam Wilhelm Moltke, Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1785)
1869 – Mirza Ghalib, poet of Urdu (b. 1796)
1897 - Dimitrie Ghica, Romanian politician (b. 1816)
1901 2000
1905 - Lew Wallace, American politician (b. 1827)
1911 - Theodor Escherich, German paediatrician (b. 1859)
1919 - André Prévost, French tennis player (b. 1880)
1924 - Lionel Monckton, English composer (b. 1861)
1926 – Piero Gobetti, Italian publisher, activist and politician (b. 1901)
1928 – H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1852)
1932 – Minnie Maddern Fiske, Broadway actress (b. 1865)
1933 - Pat Sullivan, Australian cartoonist, animator and producer (b. 1887)
1953 - Karl Staaf, Swedish athlete (b. 1881)
1959 – Owen Willans Richardson, British physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1879)
1961 - Bradley Lord, American figure skater (b. 1939)
1961 - Laurence Owen, American figure skater (b. 1944)
1964 – Robert L. Thornton, American businessman, philanthropist, and Mayor of Dallas, Texas (b. 1880)
1965 – Nat King Cole, American singer and musician (b. 1919)
1966 – Gerard Ciołek, Polish architect and historian of gardens (b. 1909)
1967 - William Christian Bullitt, Jr., American diplomat (b. 1891)
1968 - Little Walter, American singer and guitarist (b. 1930)
1970 - Hugh Dowding, English RAF commander (b. 1882)
1973 – Wally Cox, American actor (b. 1924)
1973 – Tim Holt, American actor (b. 1919)
1974 – Kurt Atterberg, Swedish composer (b. 1887)
1981 – Mike Bloomfield, American musician (b. 1944)
1981 – Karl Richter, German conductor (b. 1926)
1984 – Ethel Merman, American singer and actress (b. 1908)
1988 – Richard Feynman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
1991 - Birger Malmsten, Swedish actor (b. 1920)
1996 – Tommy Rettig, American actor (b. 1941)
1996 – McLean Stevenson, American actor (b. 1929)
1999 – Big L (Lamont Coleman), American rapper (b. 1974)
1999 – Henry Way Kendall, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1926)
2000 - Angus MacLean, 25th Premier of Prince Edward Island (b. 1914)
From 2001
2002 – Howard K. Smith, American journalist (b. 1914)
2002 – Kevin Smith, New Zealand actor (b. 1963)
2004 – Jens Evensen, Norwegian minister and International Court of Justice judge (b. 1917)
2004 – Jan Miner, American actress (b. 1917)
2004 - Hasse Ekman, Swedish actor and director (b. 1915)
2005 – Samuel Francis, American journalist (b. 1947)
2005 - Pierre Bachelet, French singer and songwriter (b. 1944)
2007 - Ray Evans, American songwriter (b. 1915)
2013 - Todor Kolev, Bulgarian actor (b. 1939)
2014 - Federico Campbell, Mexican writer (b. 1941)
2014 - Christopher Malcolm, Scottish actor (b. 1946)
2015 - Steve Montador, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1979)
2015 - Haron Amin, Afghan diplomat (b. 1969)
2015 - Eileen Essell, English actress (b. 1922)
2016 - Vanity, Canadian singer (b. 1959)
2016 - Fighton Simukonda, Zambian footballer (b. 1958)
2016 - George Gaynes, Finnish-born American actor (b. 1917)
2016 - Salman Natour, Israeli-Palestinian author (b. 1949)
2017 - Infante Henrique, Duke of Coimbra, Portuguese royal (b. 1949)
2017 - Manfred Kaiser, German footballer (b. 1929)
2017 - Stuart McLean, Canadian radio broadcaster (b. 1948)
Observances
Day of the Flag of Canada
Liberation Day (Afghanistan)
National Day (Serbia)
Candlemas (Eastern Orthodox Church)
Days of the year |
9842 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2010 | February 10 |
Events
Up to 1900
1258 – Baghdad falls to the Mongols.
1306 – In Dumfries, Robert the Bruce kills John Comyn, Lord of Badenoch.
1355 – St. Scholastica's Day riot: Two days of rioting in Oxford leaves 63 scholars and probably 30 locals dead.
1567 – An Explosion destroys the Kirk o' Field building in Edinburgh and Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley is found dead, most probably in an assassination.
1763 - In the Treaty of Paris, France has to give Quebec to Great Britain.
1814 - Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Champaubert ends in French victory over the Russians and Prussians.
1840 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and Albert, Prince Consort, marry.
1861 - Jefferson Davis is informed by telegraph of his election as provisional President of the Confederate States of America.
1863 – The fire extinguisher is patented.
1870 – The YWCA (Young Woman's Christian Association) is founded in New York City.
1881 - French opera Les contes d'Hoffmann is first performed in Paris.
1901 2000
1904 - Russo-Japanese War: Japan declares war on Russia.
1906 – The battleship HMS Dreadnought is launched in Portsmouth.
1910 - Off Minorca, French passenger ship General Chanzy is tossed against a reef in a storm, causing it to sink. Only 1 of the 156 people on board survives.
1920 – North Schleswig votes to become part of Denmark.
1933 – Round 13 of Boxing Match in New York City's Madison Square Garden: Primo Carnera knocks down Ernie Schaaf, who dies four days later as a result of his injuries.
1939 - Spanish Civil War: Nationalists finish their conquest of Catalonia and seal Spain's border with France.
1940 – The Soviet Union begins mass deportations of Polish citizens from occupied Eastern Poland to Siberia.
1942 – A Japanese submarine bombs Midway Atoll.
1945 - German passenger ship Steuben with 4,000 refugees on board off the Pomeranian Baltic Sea coast, is torpedoed by a Soviet U-boat and sinks, killing 3,500.
1947 - Italy cedes most of Venezia-Giulia to Yugoslavia.
1949 – The play Death of a Salesman is performed for the first time in Broadway. Its writer, Arthur Miller, dies on the same date 56 years later.
1952 – Jawaharlal Nehru wins India's first election.
1954 – Dwight D. Eisenhower warns against intervention in Vietnam.
1957 – In Sudan, football's Africa Cup of Nations is held for the first time.
1962 – Captured American pilot Gary Powers is exchanged for captured Soviet spy Rudolf Abel.
1964 - Aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne collides with destroyer HMAS Voyager off the coast of New South Wales, Australia.
1967 – The 25th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified.
1972 - The remote North Atlantic rock of Rockall is fully integrated as part of Scotland.
1981 - A fire at the Las Vegas hotel-casino kills 8 people.
1990 - Mikhail Gorbachev and Helmut Kohl meet for talks.
1996 – The computer Deep Blue first defeats Garry Kasparov in a game of chess.
1998 – Voters in Maine repeal a Gay rights law.
From 2001
2003 – France and Belgium break the NATO procedure of silent approval, concerning protective measures for Turkey in the event of a war in Iraq.
2005 – North Korea announces that it is developing nuclear weapons.
2005 – A dam break in Shadi Kor, Pakistan, kills between 140 and 500 people.
2005 – It is announced that Charles, Prince of Wales will marry Camilla Parker-Bowles.
2006 – XX Olympic Winter Games opened in Turin, Italy.
2007 – Barack Obama announces his intention to run for President of the United States.
2009 – Communication satellites Iridium 33 and Kosmos 2251 collide in orbit.
2013 - The Nigeria national football team wins the Africa Cup of Nations, defeating the Burkina Faso national football team 1-0 in the final.
2013 - A stampede at the Kumbh Mela festival in Allahabad, India, kills 36 people.
2015 - It is announced that Australia will make a one-off appearance at the 60th Eurovision Song Contest. They are later invited to take part in 2016, 2017 and 2018 as well.
Births
Up to 1900
1499 – Thomas Platter, Swiss humanist (d. 1582)
1524 - Albrecht Giese, German politician and diplomat (d. 1580)
1606 – Christine Marie of France, regent of Savoy (d. 1663)
1609 - John Suckling, English poet (d. 1642)
1685 – Aaron Hill, English writer (d. 1750)
1686 – Hans Egede, Norwegian pastor and missionary in Greenland (d. 1758)
1720 - Charles De Geer, Swedish industrialist and scientist (d. 1778)
1744 - William Cornwallis, English Royal Navy admiral (d. 1819)
1783 – Fyodor Petrovich Tolstoy, Russian painter (d. 1873)
1785 - Claude-Louis Navier, French physicist (d. 1836)
1788 - Robert P. Letcher, American politician, 15th Governor of Kentucky (d. 1861)
1795 - Ary Scheffer, French painter (d. 1858)
1806 - Orville Hickman Browning, 9th United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 1881)
1815 - Constantin Bosianu, Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1882)
1818 - Isham G. Harris, American politician, 18th Governor of Tennessee (d. 1897)
1824 – Samuel Plimsoll, British politician and social reformer (d. 1898)
1842 - Agnes Mary Clerke, Irish astronomer (d. 1907)
1846 - Ira Remsen, American chemist (d. 1927)
1847 - Nabinchandra Sen, Bengali poet (d. 1909)
1859 – Alexandre Millerand, President of France (d. 1943)
1878 – Zdenek Nejedly, Czech intellectual and politician (d. 1962)
1881 - Pauline Brunius, Swedish stage and movie actress, and director (d. 1954)
1881 - Ken McArthur, South African marathon runner (d. 1960)
1884 - Frederick Hawksworth, English engineer (d. 1976)
1888 - Harry Beaumont, American movie director (d. 1966)
1888 - Alexander Cudmore, American soccer player (d. 1944)
1888 - Alfredo Pacini, Italian cardinal (d. 1967)
1888 - Giuseppe Ungaretti, Egyptian-Italian soldier, journalist and writer (d. 1970)
1890 – Fanny Kaplan, Russian revolutionary, believed to be the attempted assassin of Vladimir Lenin (d. 1918)
1890 – Boris Pasternak, Russian writer (d. 1960)
1892 – Alan Hale Sr., American actor (d. 1950)
1893 – Bill Tilden, American tennis player (d. 1953)
1893 - Jimmy Durante, American actor and comedian (d. 1980)
1894 – Harold Macmillan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1986)
1897 – Judith Anderson, Australian actress (d. 1992)
1897 – John Franklin Enders, American scientist (d. 1985)
1898 – Bertolt Brecht, German writer and playwright (d. 1956)
1898 - Joseph Kessel, French journalist and novelist (d. 1979)
1899 - Cevdet Sunay, 5th President of Turkey (d. 1982)
1901 1950
1901 – Stella Adler, American actress (d. 1992)
1902 – Walter Houser Brattain, American physicist (d. 1987)
1903 - Matthias Sindelar, Austrian footballer (d. 1939)
1903 - Waldemar Hoven, German Nazi physician (d. 1948)
1904 - John Farrow, Australian-American director, father of Mia Farrow (d. 1963)
1905 - Walter A. Brown, American businessman (d. 1964)
1906 – Lon Chaney, Jr., American actor (d. 1973)
1910 – Dominique Pire, Belgian friar (d. 1969)
1910 - Sofia Vembo, Greek singer and actress (d. 1978)
1913 - Douglas Slocombe, English cinematographer (d. 2016)
1914 – Larry Adler, American musician (d. 2001)
1915 - Vladimir Zeldin, Russian actor (d. 2016)
1922 – Arpad Goncz, former President of Hungary (d. 2015)
1922 - Harold Hughes, American politician, Governor of Iowa (d. 1996)
1923 – Ahti Karjalainen, Prime Minister of Finland (d. 1990)
1923 – Cesare Siepi, Italian operatic tenor (d. 2010)
1925 - Pierre Mondy, French actor and director (d. 2012)
1926 – Danny Blanchflower, Northern Irish footballer (d. 1993)
1927 - Alma Adamkiene, former First Lady of Lithuania
1927 – Leontyne Price, American singer
1927 - Brian Priestman, British conductor (d. 2014)
1929 - Hallgeir Brenden, Norwegian skier (d. 2007)
1929 - Jerry Goldsmith, American composer and conductor (d. 2004)
1929 - Jim Whittaker, American mountaineer
1929 - Lou Whittaker, American mountaineer
1930 – Robert Wagner, American actor
1931 - Doug Young, American voice actor
1932 – Barrie Ingham, English actor (d. 2015)
1934 - Kirk Fordice, American politician, Governor of Mississippi (d. 2004)
1937 - Yuriy Poyarkov, Ukrainian volleyball player (d. 2017)
1939 – Roberta Flack, American singer
1939 – Adrienne Clarkson, former Governor General of Canada
1939 – Peter Purves, British actor and television presenter
1940 - Mary Rand, British sprinter and long jumper
1940 - Kathryn Mullen, American puppeteer, actress and voice actress
1941 – Michael Apted, British movie director
1942 - Lawrence Weiner, American conceptual artist
1944 – Frank Keating, 25th Governor of Oklahoma
1944 - Peter Allen, American singer and actor
1946 - Muntaka Connmassie, Nigerian jurist (d. 2017)
1947 - Louise Arbour, Canadian diplomat, former United Nations Commissioner for Human rights
1947 - Nicholas Owen, English journalist
1948 - Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexican politician (d. 1994)
1949 - Harold Sylvester, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter
1950 – Mark Spitz, American swimmer
1951 1975
1951 - Robert Iger, American entertainment executive
1952 – Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister of Singapore
1953 - John Shirley, American science fiction author
1954 - Peter Ramsauer, German politician
1955 – Greg Norman, Australian golfer
1955 - Jim Cramer, American television personality
1956 - Enele Sopoaga, 12th Prime Minister of Tuvalu
1959 - John Calipari, American basketball player
1961 - Alexander Payne, American movie director
1961 – George Stephanopoulos, American television journalist
1962 – Cliff Burton, American musician (Metallica) (d. 1986)
1963 – Philip Glenister, English actor
1964 – Glenn Beck, American broadcaster
1964 - Arthur Lenk, Israeli diplomat
1964 – Francesca Neri, Italian actress
1964 - Sam Graddy, American athlete
1964 – Victor Davis, Canadian swimmer (d. 1989)
1966 - Ji Suk-jin, South Korean comedian, actor and singer
1966 - Natalie Bennett, Australian-English journalist and politician, former leader of the Green Party of England and Wales
1967 – Laura Dern, American actress
1967 - Vince Gilligan, American writer and executive producer
1968 – Matthias Hamann, German footballer
1968 - Peter Popovic, Swedish ice hockey player
1968 - Garrett Reisman, American engineer and astronaut
1970 – Asne Seierstad, Norwegian writer and journalist
1970 - Noureddine Naybet, Moroccan footballer and manager
1973 - Ajdar, Turkish singer-songwriter and engineer
1973 - Martha Lane Fox, Baroness Lane-Fox of Soho, English businesswoman and philanthropist
1974 – Elizabeth Banks, American actress
1975 – Kool Savas, German rapper
1975 - Hiroki Kuroda, Japanese baseball player
From 1976
1976 – Keeley Hawes, English actress
1976 – Carlos Jimenez Sanchez, Spanish basketball player
1980 – Riki Flutey, New Zealand-born English rugby player
1980 – Enzo Maresca, Italian footballer
1980 - Mike Ribeiro, Canadian ice hockey player
1980 - Bruno Sundov, Croatian basketball player
1981 – Andrew Johnson, English footballer
1981 – Holly Willoughby, English television presenter
1981 - Ozo Aduba, American actress and singer
1982 – Justin Gatlin, American athlete
1983 - Ricardo Clark, American soccer player
1984 - Jemma Simpson, British athlete
1985 - Anette Sagen, Norwegian skier
1986 – Radamel Falcao, Colombian footballer
1986 – Viktor Troicki, Serbian tennis player
1986 - Josh Akognon, Nigerian-American basketball player
1986 - Yui Ichikawa, Japanese actress and model
1987 - Choi Siwon, South Korean singer
1987 - Facundo Roncaglia, Argentine footballer
1988 - Jade Ramsey, English actress
1989 - Neelofa, Malaysian actress, television host and model
1990 – Sooyoung, South Korean singer (Girls' Generation)
1991 – Emma Roberts, American actress
1992 - Misha B, American rapper and singer
1992 - Haruka Nakagawa, Japanese singer
1992 - Reinhold Yabo, German footballer
1993 - Max Kepler, German baseball player
1994 - Son Na-eun, South Korean singer and actress
1994 - Kang Seul-gi, South Korean singer
1994 - Mackenzie Vega, American actress
1995 - Haruna Kawaguchi, Japanese model and actress
1996 - Christina Parie, Australian singer-songwriter
1997 - Chloe Moretz, American actress
1998 - Candy Hsu, Taiwanese singer-songwriter, actress and record producer
2000 - Yara Shahidi, Iranian-American actress
Deaths
Up to 1900
547 - Scholastica, Christian nun
1126 – William IX, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 1071)
1162 – King Baldwin III of Jerusalem (b. 1130)
1242 – Emperor Shijo of Japan (b. 1231)
1278 - Margaret II of Flanders (b. 1202)
1306 – John Comyn, Lord of Badenoch, Scottish nobleman
1307 – Temur Khan, Emperor Chengzong of Yuan, Emperor of China (b. 1265)
1543 - Johannes Eck, German theologian (b. 1486)
1567 – Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley (b. 1546)
1755 – Montesquieu, French writer (b. 1689)
1758 - Thomas Ripley, English architect (b. 1682)
1782 - Christian Christoph Oetinger, German theologian (b. 1702)
1829 – Pope Leo XII (b. 1760)
1837 – Alexander Pushkin, Russian writer (b. 1799)
1854 - Jose Joaquin de Herrera, President of Mexico (b. 1792)
1857 – David Thompson, Canadian explorer (b. 1770)
1865 - Heinrich Lenz, German physicist (b. 1804)
1891 – Sofia Kovalevskaya, Russian mathematician (b. 1850)
1901 2000
1904 - John A. Roche, American politician (b. 1844)
1912 – Joseph Lister, British surgeon (b. 1827)
1913 – Konstantinos Tsiklitiras, Greek athlete and Olympic champion (b. 1888)
1917 – John William Waterhouse, Italian-born artist (b. 1849)
1918 - Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1842)
1918 – Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, Italian pacifist (b. 1833)
1923 – Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, German scientist (b. 1845)
1932 – Edgar Wallace, English novelist and screenwriter (b. 1875)
1939 – Pope Pius XI (b. 1857)
1944 - E. M. Antoniadi, Greek-French astronomer and chess player (b. 1870)
1956 - Emmanouil Tsouderos, 132nd Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1882)
1957 – Laura Ingalls Wilder, American writer (b. 1867)
1958 - Aleksander Klumberg, Estonian athlete (b. 1899)
1960 - Aloysius Stepinac, Croatian cardinal (b. 1898)
1964 – Eugen Saenger, Austrian aerospace engineer (b. 1905)
1966 - Billy Rose, American composer (b. 1898)
1975 - Nikos Kavvadias, Greek poet and writer (b. 1910)
1979 - Edvard Kardelj, Yugoslav Communist leader (b. 1910)
1985 - Johnny Mokan, American baseball player (b. 1895)
1990 - Bill Sherwood, American producer and composer (b. 1952)
1992 – Alex Haley, American writer (b. 1921)
2000 – Jim Varney, American actor (b. 1949)
From 2001
2001 – Abraham D. Beame, American politician and Mayor of New York City (b. 1906)
2002 - Dave Van Ronk, American musician (b. 1936)
2002 – Traudl Junge, Adolf Hitler's press secretary (b. 1920)
2005 – Arthur Miller, American playwright (b. 1915)
2008 – Roy Scheider, American actor (b. 1932)
2009 - Jeremy Lusk, American motocross racer (b. 1984)
2010 – Charles Wilson, American politician (b. 1933)
2014 - Stuart Hall, Jamaican-British sociologist and cultural theorist (b. 1932)
2014 - Doug Jarrett, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1944)
2014 - Ronnie Masterson, Irish actress (b. 1926)
2014 - Shirley Temple, American actress and diplomat (b. 1928)
2015 - Deng Liqun, Chinese politician (b. 1915)
2015 - Naseer Aruri, Palestinian scholar and activist (b. 1934)
2015 - Karl Josef Becker, German theologian and cardinal (b. 1928)
2016 - Phil Gartside, English businessman (b. 1952)
2016 - Leo Ehlen, Dutch footballer (b. 1953)
2016 - Andrew L. Lewis, Jr., American business executive and politician (b. 1931)
2016 - Eliseo Prado, Argentine footballer (b. 1929)
2016 - Günter Schröter, German footballer (b. 1927)
2016 - Claude Jeancolas, French writer, artist and journalist (b. 1949)
2017 - Edward Bryant, American writer (b. 1945)
2017 - Mike Ilitch, American businessman and sports owner (b. 1929)
2017 - Piet Keizer, Dutch footballer (b. 1943)
2017 - Yuriy Poyarkov, Ukrainian volleyball player (b. 1937)
2017 - Hal Moore, American general and author (b. 1922)
2017 - Tsuyoshi Yamanaka, Japanese swimmer (b. 1939)
2018 - Jeff Bell, American politician (b. 1943)
2018 - Bevan Congdon, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1938)
Observances
Feast of Saint Paul's Shipwreck (Malta)
Fenkil Day (Eritrea)
Days of the year |
9843 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2016 | February 16 |
Events
Up to 1900
1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau was dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols.
1270 - The Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Karuse.
1279 – Afonso III of Portugal dies. His son Denis succeeds the Portuguese throne.
1646 - The Battle of Torrington takes place in Devon, as the last major battle of the English Civil War.
1742 – Spencer Compton, Earl of Wilmington, becomes British Prime Minister.
1804 – First Barbary War: Stephen Decatur leads a raid to burn the pirate-held frigate Philadelphia.
1838 – Weenen Massacre: Hundreds of Voortrekkers along the Blaukraans River, Natal were killed by Zulus.
1852 – Studebaker Brothers wagon company, precursor of the automobile manufacturer, is established.
1857 – The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established. in Washington, DC becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf.
1862 – American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant captures Fort Donelson, Tennessee.
1863 - Kansas State University is founded.
1866 – Spencer Compton Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington becomes the British Secretary of State for War
1868 – In New York City the Jolly Corks organization is renamed the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks (BPOE).
1874 - The Silver Dollar becomes the legal US tender.
1881 - The Canadian Pacific Railway is incorporated.
1883 – Ladies Home Journal is published for the first time.
1899 – President Félix Faure of France dies in office.
1899 - Knattspyrnufelag Reykjavikur, the first football club in Iceland, is founded.
1901 2000
1904 - The ship RRS Discovery is rescued from ice at McMurdo Sound in Antarctica after two years of being trapped in the ice, in an expedition led by Robert Falcon Scott. The ship Terra Nova was involved in the rescue operation.
1918 – Lithuania declares its independence from both Russia and Germany.
1923 – Howard Carter unseals the burial chamber of Pharaoh Tutankhamun.
1930 - The Romanian Football Federation is founded.
1934 – Austrian Civil War ends with the defeat of the Social Democrats and the Republican Schutzbund
1936 – Elections bring the Popular Front to power in Spain.
1937 – Wallace H. Carothers receives a patent for nylon.
1940 – Altmark Incident: The German tanker Altmark, with 299 British prisoners, was boarded in neutral Norwegian waters by sailors from the British destroyer HMS Cossack and the prisoners set free, a breach of Norwegian neutrality at the beginning of World War II.
1943 – World War II: Russia reconquers Kharkov.
1945 – World War II: American forces land on Corregidor island in the Philippines.
1945 – American forces recapture the Bataan Peninsula.
1948 – Gerard Kuiper discovers Miranda, a moon of Uranus.
1952 - Greece and Turkey join NATO.
1957 - The first Africa Cup of Nations football tournament is won by the Egypt national football team.
1959 – Fidel Castro becomes Premier of Cuba after President Fulgencio Batista was overthrown on January 1.
1960 - The United States Navy submarine USS Triton begins Operation Sunblast, setting sail from New Haven, Connecticut to begin the first submerged circumnavigation (round-the-world journey) of the globe.
1961 – Explorer 9 is launched. (See Explorer program).
1962 - Northern Germany is affected by major flooding in the night to February 17. In Hamburg alone, 300 lives are lost.
1964 - Willy Brandt succeeds Erich Ollenhauer as leader of the SPD in West Germany.
1968 – In Haleyville, Alabama the first 9-1-1 emergency telephone system goes into service.
1970 – Joe Frazier starts a heavyweight world boxing champion winning streak with the knock out of Jimmy Ellis in five rounds.
1972 – NBA basketball player Wilt Chamberlain scores 30,000th point.
1978 – The first computer bulletin board system is created (CBBS in Chicago, Illinois).
1982 - Agatha Barbara becomes the first woman to be elected President of Malta.
1983 – The Ash Wednesday bushfires in Victoria and South Australia claim the lives of 71 people in Australia's worst ever fires.
1985 - Hezbollah is founded.
1986 – The Soviet liner Mikhail Lermontov runs aground in the Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand.
1987 – The trial of John Demjanjuk, who was accused of being a Nazi guard dubbed "Ivan the Terrible" in Treblinka extermination camp, starts in Jerusalem.
1989 – Pan Am flight 103: Investigators announce that the cause of the crash was a bomb hidden inside a radio-cassette player.
1990 - Sam Nujoma is elected to become the first President of Namibia, which becomes independent on March 21.
1991 – Gulf War: U.S. and U.K. war planes bomb the suburbs of Baghdad, injuring at least 11 civilians and killing three others.
1998 – China Airlines Flight 676 crashed into a residential area near by Chiang Kai-shek International Airport, killing 202 people, included all 196 on board and six on the ground.
1999 – In Uzbekistan a bomb explodes and gunfire is heard at the government headquarters in an apparent assassination attempt against President Islam Karimov.
1999 – Across Europe, Kurdish rebels take over embassies and hold hostages after Turkey arrested one of their rebel leaders, Abdullah Öcalan.
1999 – In Jasper, Texas, the trial begins of John William King who is accused of dragging African American James Byrd Jr. to death in an apparent hate crime.
From 2001
2005 – The Kyoto Protocol comes into force, following its ratification by Russia.
2005 – The National Hockey League cancels the entire 2004–2005 regular season and playoffs, becoming the first major sports league in North America to do so over a labour dispute.
2013 - A bomb blast in Quetta, Pakistan kills over 80 people.
2015 - The Egyptian military begins conducting air strikes against militants from a branch of Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Libya in retaliation for the group's beheading of several Egyptian Christians.
2017 - At least 48 people are killed in a bomb attack in Baghdad.
2017 - At least 80 people are killed in a bomb attack on a Sufi shrine in the province of Sindh, southern Pakistan.
Births
Up to 1900
1032 - Emperor Yingzong of Song of China (d. 1067)
1222 – Nichiren, monk, founder of Nichiren Buddhism (d. 1282)
1304 - Jayaatu Khan, Emperor Wenzong of Yuan (d. 1332)
1331 - Coluccio Salutati, Italian humanist and politician (d. 1406)
1497 – Philipp Melanchthon, German humanist and reformer (d. 1560)
1519 – Gaspard de Coligny, French Huguenot leader (d. 1572)
1620 – Friedrich Wilhelm, called "Great Elector" of Brandenburg-Ducal Prussia (d. 1688)
1665 - Queen Anne of Great Britain (d. 1714)
1698 - Pierre Bouguer, French mathematician (d. 1758)
1727 - Nikolaus von Jacquin, Austrian botanist and chemist (d. 1817)
1740 - Giambattista Bodoni, Italian printmaker and publicist (d. 1813)
1786 - Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (d. 1859)
1791 - Claude Pouillet, French physicist (d. 1868)
1802 - Phineas Parkhurst Quimby, American philosopher (d. 1866)
1804 - Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold, German physiologist (d. 1885)
1812 – Henry Wilson, Vice President of the United States (d. 1875)
1821 - Heinrich Barth, German explorer (d. 1865)
1822 – Sir Francis Galton, English explorer, biologist (d. 1911)
1824 – Peter Kozler, Slovenian cartographer, geographer (d. 1879)
1826 – Joseph Victor von Scheffel, poet (d. 1886)
1826 – Julia Grant, First Lady, wife of President Ulysses S. Grant (d. 1902)
1831 – Nikolay Leskov, Russian writer (d. 1895)
1834 – Ernst Haeckel, German zoologist and philosopher (d. 1919)
1838 – Henry Adams, American historian and novelist (d. 1918)
1847 - Philipp Scharwenka, Polish-German composer (d. 1917)
1848 – Octave Mirbeau, French writer (d. 1917)
1852 – Charles Taze Russell, founder of the Jehovah's Witnesses (d. 1916)
1856 - Rudolph Karstadt, German entrepreneur (d. 1944)
1856 - Willem Kes, Dutch conductor (d. 1934)
1876 – George Macaulay Trevelyan, historian (d. 1962)
1884 – Robert J. Flaherty, American movie maker (d. 1951)
1886 – Van Wyck Brooks, American historian, critic (d. 1963)
1887 - Kathleen Clifford, American actress (d. 1962)
1896 - Roberto Chery, Uruguayan footballer (d. 1919)
1896 – Eugenie Blanchard, French-Caribbean supercentenarian (d. 2010)
1901 1950
1901 - Vincent Coleman, American actor (d. 1971)
1903 - Georges-Henri Lévesque, Canadian priest and sociologist (d. 2000)
1903 – Edgar Bergen, ventriloquist (d. 1978)
1904 – George F. Kennan, architect of Cold War policy of containment, centenarian (d. 2005)
1906 - Vera Menchik, Russian-British chess player (d. 1944)
1909 – Jeffrey Lynn, American actor (d. 1995)
1909 – Hugh Beaumont, American actor (d. 1982)
1909 - Dick McDonald, American businessman (d. 1998)
1915 - Michael Relph, American movie producer and director (d. 2004)
1916 - Duong Van Minh, South Vietnamese politician and general (d. 2001)
1916 - Bill Doggett, American pianist and organist (d. 1996)
1918 - Patty Andrews, American singer (d. 2013)
1919 - Georges Ulmer, French singer and composer (d. 1989)
1920 - Anna Mae Hays, American brigadier general
1921 - Hua Guofeng, Chairman of the Communist Party of China (d. 2008)
1921 - Araucaria, British crossword compiler (d. 2013)
1921 – Vera-Ellen, American actress (d. 1981)
1923 - Samuel Willenberg, Polish-Israeli sculptor and painter (d. 2016)
1925 - Carlos Paredes, Portuguese guitarist (d. 2004)
1926 – John Schlesinger, American movie director (d. 2003)
1926 – Margot Frank, sister of Anne Frank (d. 1945)
1927 – June Brown, British actress
1927 – Tom Kennedy, game show host
1929 – Gerhard Hanappi, Austrian footballer (d. 1980)
1929 - Kazimierz Kutz, Polish actor, director and politician
1931 - Ken Takakura, Japanese actor (d. 2014)
1931 – Otis Blackwell, American songwriter, singer (d. 2002)
1932 – Antonio Ordóñez, Spanish matador (d. 1998)
1932 – Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, former President of Sierra Leone (d. 2014)
1934 - August Coppola, American academic (d. 2009)
1934 - Marlene Hagge, American golfer
1935 – Sonny Bono, American singer, music producer, television producer, Congressman (d. 1998)
1935 - Stephen Gaskin, American activist (d. 2014)
1935 - Brian Bedford, English actor (d. 2016)
1936 – Jill Kinmont, American skier
1936 - Joe Frank Harris, American politician, former Governor of Georgia
1937 - Valentin Bondarenko, Soviet-Ukrainian pilot (d. 1961)
1937 - Yuri Manin, Russian mathematician
1938 – John Corigliano, American Composer, wrote Academy Award winning music for The Red Violin
1939 - Czeslaw Niemen, Polish singer-songwriter and composer (d. 2004)
1940 - Hannelore Schmatz, German mountaineer (d. 1979)
1941 – Kim Jong-Il, North Korean leader (d. 2011)
1942 - Richard Williams, father of Venus Williams and Serena Williams
1944 – Richard Ford, American Pulitzer Prize winning novelist
1944 - Antonio Mascarenhas Monteiro, 2nd President of Cape Verde
1945 – Jeremy Bulloch, British actor
1946 - Ian Lavender, British actor
1948 - Kaiketsu Masateru, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 2014)
1950 - Kazuki Tomokawa, Japanese singer
1950 – Peter Hain, British politician
1951 1975
1951 – William Katt, American actor
1952 - James Ingram, American singer, pianist and composer
1953 - Lanny McDonald, Canadian ice hockey player
1953 - Roberta Williams, American computer game developer
1954 – Iain Banks, Scottish writer (d. 2013)
1955 - Bruce Crawford, Scottish politician
1955 – Margaux Hemingway, American actress, model (d. 1996)
1956 - Bodo Ramelow, German politician, Prime Minister of Thuringia
1957 – LeVar Burton, American actor, director and writer
1958 – Ice-T, American singer, songwriter, actor
1958 – Lisa Loring, American actress
1958 - Anil Ramdas, Surinamese-Dutch journalist (d. 2012)
1958 - Herb Williams, American basketball player and coach
1959 – John McEnroe, American tennis player
1959 - Kelly Tripucka, American basketball player
1960 – Pete Willis, English ex-Def Leppard guitarist
1961 – Andy Taylor, English musician, Duran Duran
1964 – Christopher Eccleston, English actor (Our Friends in the North, Doctor Who)
1964 – Bebeto, Brazilian footballer
1965 - Adama Barrow, President of the Gambia
1965 - Dave Lombardo, Cuban drummer
1966 - Martin Perscheid, German cartoonist
1967 - Keith Gretzky, Canadian ice hockey player
1967 – John Valentin, American baseball player
1969 - Holly Aird, English actress
1970 – Angelo Peruzzi, Italian footballer
1971 - Amanda Holden, English actress
1971 - Steven Houghton, English actor and singer
1972 – Jerome Bettis, American football player
1972 – Taylor Hawkins, American musician (Foo Fighters)
1972 - Grit Breuer, German athlete
1972 - Sarah Clarke, American actress
1973 – Cathy Freeman, Australian athlete
1973 - Christian Bassedas, Argentine footballer
1973 - Nikos Kostakis, Greek footballer
1974 - Luis Figueroa, Puerto Rican baseball player
1975 – Aikawa Nanase, Japanese musician
From 1976
1977 – Ian Clarke, creator of Freenet
1978 - Vala Flosadottir, Icelandic pole vaulter
1978 – Sam Salter, American singer
1978 – Tia Hellebaut, Belgian athlete
1978 - John Tartaglia, American actor
1979 – Valentino Rossi, Italian motorcycle racer
1980 – Ashley Lelie, American football player
1981 – Susanna Kallur, Swedish athlete
1981 – Jenny Kallur, Swedish athlete
1982 - Aleksandr Dmitrijev, Estonian footballer
1982 - Rickie Lambert, English footballer
1982 - Lee Min-jung, South Korean actress
1983 – Agyness Deyn, English model
1985 - Ron Vlaar, Dutch footballer
1986 - Josje Huisman, Dutch singer, actress and dancer
1986 - Diego Godin, Uruguayan footballer
1987 - Luc Bourdon, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2008)
1987 - Theresa Goh, Singaporean swimmer
1987 - Hasheem Thabeet, American basketball player
1988 - Zhang Jike, Chinese table tennis player
1989 - Elizabeth Olsen, American actress
1990 - The Weeknd, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
1991 - Princess Alexandra of Luxembourg
1991 - Sergio Canales, Spanish footballer
1993 - Mike Weinberg, American actor
1994 - Annika Beck, German tennis player
1995 - Carina Witthöft, German tennis player
Deaths
Up to 1900
1184 - Richard of Dover, Archbishop of Canterbury
1247 – Heinrich Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia (b. 1204)
1279 – King Afonso III of Portugal (b. 1210)
1390 - Rupert I, Elector Palatine (b. 1309)
1391 – John V Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1332)
1531 – Johannes Stöffler, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1452)
1560 – Jean du Bellay, French Catholic cardinal and diplomat
1617 - Prospero Alpini, Italian scientist (b. 1553)
1645 - Gonzalo Fernandez de Cordoba, Spanish military leader and politician (b. 1585)
1710 – Esprit Fléchier, French writer and Bishop of Nîmes (b. 1632)
1721 – James Craggs the Younger, English politician (b. 1686)
1754 – Richard Mead, English physician (b. 1763)
1892 - Henry Walter Bates, English naturalist, evolutionary biologist and entomologist (b. 1825)
1898 – Thomas Bracken, New Zealand poet (b. 1843)
1899 - Félix Faure, President of France (b. 1841)
1901 2000
1907 – Giosuè Carducci, Italian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1835)
1912 – St. Nikolai of Japan, Eastern Orthodox priest (b. 1836)
1917 – Octave Mirbeau, French writer (b. 1848)
1924 - John William Kendrick, American railroad executive (b. 1853)
1927 – Jonas Basanavicius, Lithuanian independence hero (b. 1851)
1928 – Eddie Foy, American singer and dancer (b. 1856)
1932 – Ferdinand Buisson, French pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1841)
1944 - Dadasaheb Phalke, Indian director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1870)
1957 - Josef Hofmann, Polish inventor, composer and pianist (b. 1876)
1957 - John Sealy, Irish physicist (b. 1868)
1961 - Dazzy Vance, American baseball player (b. 1891)
1967 – Antonio Moreno, Spanish-born actor (b. 1887)
1967 - Smiley Burnette, American actor, singer and songwriter (b. 1911)
1974 – John Garand, Canadian rifle engineer and manufacturer (b. 1888)
1975 – Morgan Taylor, American athlete (b. 1903)
1977 - Carlos Pellicer, Mexican poet (b. 1897)
1978 – E. Roland Harriman, American financier (b. 1895)
1980 – Erich Hückel, German physicist (b. 1895)
1990 – Keith Haring, American artist (b. 1958)
1991 - Enrique Bermudez, leader of the Nicaraguan Contras (b. 1932)
1992 – Angela Carter, English writer (b. 1940)
1992 – Herman Wold, Swedish statistician (b. 1908)
1994 – Andrei Chikatilo, Russian serial killer (b. 1936)
1996 – Pat Brown, Governor of California (b. 1905)
1996 – Brownie McGhee, American singer (b. 1915)
1996 – Roger Bowen, American actor (b. 1932)
2000 – Karsten Solheim, engineer, inventor
From 2001
2001 – Bob Buhl, baseball player (b. 1928)
2001 – William Masters, American gynecologist and sexologist (b. 1915)
2001 - Howard W. Koch, American movie director (b. 1916)
2002 – Walter Winterbottom, England football manager (b. 1913)
2003 - Rusty Magee, American composer (b. 1955)
2004 – Shirley Strickland, Australian athlete (b. 1925)
2004 – Doris Troy, American singer (b. 1937)
2005 - Narriman Sadek, former Queen of Egypt
2005 – Nicole DeHuff, American actress (pneumonia) (b. 1974)
2007 – Sheridan Morley, English writer, actor and director (b. 1941)
2009 - Stephen Kim Sou-hwan, South Korean cardinal (b. 1922)
2011 - Len Lesser, American actor (b. 1922)
2012 - Baddeley Devesi, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (b. 1941)
2012 - Anil Ramdas, Surinamese-Dutch journalist (b. 1958)
2012 - Anthony Shadid, American journalist (b. 1968)
2013 - Tony Sheridan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1940)
2014 - Mansour Koushan, Norwegian-Iranian poet, writer and director (b. 1948)
2014 - Jimmy Murakami, American animator and movie director (b. 1933)
2014 - Michael Shea, American writer (b. 1946)
2015 - John Davies, Welsh historian (b. 1938)
2015 - Lesley Gore, American singer, songwriter, actress and activist (b. 1946)
2015 - Uri Orbach, Israeli writer, journalist and politician (b. 1960)
2015 - R. R. Patil, Indian politician (b. 1956)
2015 - Lasse Braun, Italian director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1936)
2015 - Aleksandr Melentyev, Russian short shooter (b. 1954)
2015 - Heinrich Windelen, German politician (b. 1921)
2016 - Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Egyptian Secretary-General of the United Nations (b. 1922)
2016 - Belinda Nash, Canadian-American historian (b. 1946)
2016 - Charles Caldwell Ryrie, American theologian (b. 1925)
2016 - Robert J. Walker, American sailor (b. 1929)
2017 - Josef Augusta, Czech ice hockey player and coach (b. 1946)
2017 - Dick Bruna, Dutch author and illustrator (b. 1927)
2017 - Ep Wieldraaijer, Dutch politician (b. 1927)
2017 - George Steele, American professional wrestler (b. 1937)
2017 - Jannis Kounellis, Greek-Italian artist (b. 1936)
Observances
Independence Day (Lithuania)
Birthday of Kim Jong-Il (North Korea)
Days of the year |
9844 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2019 | February 19 |
Events
Up to 1900
197 – Septimius Severus becomes lone Emperor of the Roman Empire.
357 - Emperor Constantius II issues a decree closing all Pagan temples in the Roman Empire.
1594 – Polish-Lithuanian King Sigismund III Vasa is crowned King of Sweden.
1600 - Peruvian stratovolcano Huaynaputina explodes in a violent eruption.
1674 – England and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Westminster to end the Third Anglo-Dutch War. As part of the deal, New Amsterdam is transferred to English control, leading to it being renamed as New York.
1771 – Charles Messier discovers the Messier 49 Galaxy.
1803 – Thomas Jefferson recognises Ohio as the 17th US State. This is only made official later.
1807 – Former Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr is arrested in Alabama on charges of treason.
1819 – Explorer William Smith discovers the South Shetland Islands near Antarctica.
1845 – The US annexes Texas.
1860 - Passenger steamer "Hungarian" of the Canadian-British Allan Line is tossed against cliffs on Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Eastern Canada, killing all 205 people on board.
1861 – Serfdom is abolished in Russia.
1878 – Thomas Edison patents the phonograph.
1884 - Over 60 tornadoes hit the Southern United States.
1901 2000
1915 – The first naval attack on the Dardanelles begins when a strong Anglo-French force bombs Ottoman artillery along the coast of Gallipoli.
1928 - The Winter Olympics in St. Moritz, Switzerland, end.
1942 – World War II: 250 Japanese warplanes bomb the city of Darwin in Australia's Northern Territory, killing 243 people.
1942 - United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt issues Order 9066, leading to the moving of Japanese Americans to internment camps.
1945 – World War II: 30,000 United States Marines land on Iwo Jima (Battle of Iwo Jima)
1959 – The United Kingdom grants Cyprus independence, which it gains on August 16, 1960.
1960 - China successfully launches the T-7, the first sounding rocket.
1960 - German skier Georg Thoma becomes the first person from outside Scandinavia to win the Olympic gold medal in the Nordic Combined event, at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California.
1968 - Mister Rogers' Neighborhood airs its first episode on PBS with host Fred Rogers
1976 - United States President Gerald Ford reverses Order 9066, which had Japanese Americans being moved to internment camps.
1978 – At least 10 Egyptian commandos are killed in a gun battle with Greek Cypriot soldiers at Larnaca Airport in Cyprus.
1985 – Iberia Airlines Flight 610 crashes near Bilbao, killing all 148 people on board.
1985 - William J. Schroeder becomes the first person to both receive an artificial heart and be able to leave hospital.
1985 - EastEnders is first broadcast on the BBC.
1986 – The Soviet Union launches the Mir spacecraft.
1986 – The Sri Lankan Army massacres 80 Tamil farm workers in the eastern Province.
From 2001
2001 – Foot and Mouth Disease is discovered at an abattoir in Essex, leading to an outbreak across the United Kingdom.
2001 – The Oklahoma City bombing museum is officially opened.
2002 – NASA's Mars Odyssey space probe begins to map the surface of Mars, using its thermal imaging system.
2003 - An Ilyushin II-76 military aircraft crashes near Kerman, Iran, killing 275 people.
2006 – A methane explosion at a coal mine near Nueva Rosita, Mexico, kills 65 people.
2008 – Fidel Castro announces his resignation as President of Cuba. His brother, Raul Castro, succeeds him.
2010 – Chemical Element 112 is named Copernicium.
2011 - The first exhibition of the Belitung Shipwreck, containing the largest collection of Tang Dynasty artefacts found in one location, begins in Singapore.
2012 – Iran suspends oil exports to the United Kingdom and France, in response to an embargo imposed by the EU.
2012 – Joachim Gauck is put forward as the main candidate to succeed Christian Wulff as President of Germany.
Births
Up to 1900
1473 – Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer and mathematician (d. 1543)
1626 – February 18/19 – Francesco Redi, physician (d. 1697)
1630 – Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire (d. 1680)
1660 – Friedrich Hoffmann, physician and chemist (d. 1742)
1717 – David Garrick, actor (d. 1779)
1733 - Daniel Solander, Swedish botanist (d. 1782)
1743 – Luigi Boccherini, Italian composer (d. 1805)
1754 - Vincenzo Monti, Italian writer (d. 1828)
1789 - William Fairbairn, Scottish engineer (d. 1874)
1798 – Allan MacNab, Canadian politician (d. 1862)
1799 - Ferdinand Reich, German chemist and physicist (d. 1882)
1802 – Wilhelm Matthias Näff, member of the Swiss Federal Council (d. 1881)
1804 – David Wark, Canadian politician and Senator (d. 1905)
1817 – King William III of the Netherlands (d. 1890)
1821 – August Schleicher, German linguist (d. 1868)
1833 – Elie Ducommun, Swiss journalist (d. 1906)
1843 - Adelina Patti, Italian opera singer (d. 1919)
1855 - Nishinoumi Kajiro I, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1908)
1859 – Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1927)
1863 - Augusto B. Leguia, President of Peru (d. 1932)
1865 – Sven Hedin, Swedish scientist and adventurer (d. 1952)
1865 - Ferdinand Löwe, Austrian conductor (d. 1925)
1866 - Thomas Jefferson Jackson See, American astronomer (d. 1962)
1869 – Hovhannes Tumanyan, Armenian writer and poet (d. 1923)
1873 - Louis Feuillade, French director (d. 1925)
1876 – Constantin Brancusi, Romanian sculptor (d. 1957)
1877 - George Melford, American director (d. 1961)
1877 – Gabriele Münter, German painter (d. 1962)
1879 - Luigj Gurakuqi, Albanian writer and politician (d. 1925)
1880 – Alvaro Obregon, President of Mexico (d. 1928)
1888 – Aurora Quezon, First Lady of the Philippines (d. 1949)
1888 – José Eustasio Rivera, Colombian writer (d. 1928)
1893 – Cedric Hardwicke, British actor, director and producer (d. 1964)
1895 - Louis Calhern, American actor (d. 1956)
1895 - Diego Mazquiaran, Spanish matador (d. 1940)
1896 - André Breton, French poet (d. 1966)
1897 - Alma Rubens, American actress (d. 1931)
1899 - Yury Olesha, Russian novelist (d. 1960)
1901 1950
1901 – Florence Green, British supercentenarian and last-surviving World War I service veteran (d. 2012)
1903 - Orma Slack, Canadian supercentenarian (d. 2015)
1910 - William Grey Walter, American-British neurophysiologist (d. 1977)
1910 – Dorothy Janis, American actress (d. 2010)
1911 – Merle Oberon, British actress (d. 1979)
1911 – Bill Bowerman, American athletics coach (d. 1999)
1912 – Stan Kenton, American musician (d. 1979)
1915 - John Freeman, English politician (d. 2014)
1916 – Eddie Arcaro, American jockey (d. 1997)
1917 – Carson McCullers, American writer (d. 1967)
1920 – Jaan Kross, Estonian writer (d. 2007)
1920 – George Rose, British music hall entertainer (d. 1988)
1922 - Wladyslaw Bartoszewski, Polish historian, publicist and politician (d. 2015)
1924 – David Bronstein, Ukrainian chess player (d. 2006)
1924 – Lee Marvin, American actor (d. 1987)
1926 - Egisto Pandolfino, Italian footballer
1928 – Nicolas Hayek, Swiss watchmaker (d. 2010)
1930 – John Frankenheimer, American movie director (d. 2002)
1930 - Kasinathuni Viswanath, Indian film director
1931 - Camillo Ruini, Italian cardinal
1932 - Joseph P. Kerwin, American NASA astronaut
1932 - Jean-Pierre Ponnelle, French theater director (d. 1988)
1937 - Boris Pugo, Soviet-Latvian politician
1937 - David Margulies, American actor (d. 2016)
1938 - Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama (d. 1989)
1939 - Erin Pizzey, British activist, writer and briadcaster
1939 – Alfredo Bryce-Echenique, Peruvian novelist
1940 – Smokey Robinson, American musician
1940 - Bobby Rogers, American singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
1940 – Saparmurat Niyazov, former President of Turkmenistan (d. 2006)
1940 – Andrzej Strejlau, Polish footballer, coach and handball player
1941 – David Gross, American physicist
1941 - Jenny Tonge, Baroness Tonge, English politician
1942 - Will Provine, American historian and scientist (d. 2015)
1942 - Howard Stringer, former CEO of Sony
1942 – Paul Krause, American football player
1943 – Lou Christie, American singer
1943 – Tim Hunt, British biochemist
1943 - Robert Trivers, American sociobiologist and evolutionary biologist
1945 – Michael Nader, American actor
1946 – Karen Silkwood, American activist (d. 1974)
1946 - Carolyn Maloney, American politician
1947 - Tim Shadbolt, Mayor of Invercargill, New Zealand
1948 – Tony Iommi, British musician (Black Sabbath)
1948 – Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician (d. 2002)
1949 – Dan Bunten, American software developer (d. 1998)
1949 - Eddie Hardin, English rock music pianist (d. 2015)
1951 1975
1951 – Tahir-ul-Qadri, Islamic scholar and leader
1952 – Danilo Türk, former President of Slovenia
1952 – Amy Tan, American novelist
1952 – Rodolfo Neri Vela, Mexican astronaut
1953 – Massimo Troisi, Italian actor (d. 1994)
1953 – Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, President of Argentina
1953 – Conrad Murray, American doctor, Michael Jackson's personal physician
1954 – Socrates, Brazilian footballer and qualified physician (d. 2011)
1954 – Francis Buchholz, German musician (Scorpions)
1955 – Jeff Daniels, actor
1956 – Roderick MacKinnon, American biologist
1957 – Falco, Austrian singer (d. 1998)
1957 – Ray Winstone, British actor
1958 – Helen Fielding, British writer
1960 – Prince Andrew, second son of Queen Elizabeth II
1960 - Leslie Ash, English actress
1961 – Justin Fashanu, English footballer (d. 1998)
1962 – Hana Mandlikova, Czech-born Australian tennis player
1963 – Seal, British singer
1964 - Jonathan Lethem, American writer
1965 – Michael Westphal, German tennis player (d. 1991)
1966 – Justine Bateman, American actress
1966 - Enzo Scifo, Belgian footballer
1966 – Paul Haarhuis, tennis player
1967 – Benicio Del Toro, Puerto-Rican actor
1968 - Frank Watkins, American musician (d. 2015)
1972 - Malky Mackay, Scottish football manager
1973 - Eric Lange, American actor
From 1976
1976 - Jahidi White, American basketball player
1977 – Gianluca Zambrotta, Italian footballer
1979 – Andrew Buchan, British actor
1979 – Steven Cherundolo, American soccer player
1979 – Eva-Maria Bisschop, Belgian pop star
1980 - Ma Lin, Chinese table tennis player
1981 - Vitas, Russian singer
1981 – Nicky Shorey, English footballer
1981 - Kyle Martino, American footballer
1981 - Beth Ditto, American singer
1981 - Baiba Skride, Latvian classical violinist
1982 - Camelia Potec, Romanian swimmer
1983 – Nick Zoricic, Canadian skier (d. 2012)
1985 – Haylie Duff, American singer and actress
1985 - Arielle Kebbel, American actress
1986 - Björn Gustafsson, Swedish comedian
1986 - Henri Karjalainen, Finnish racing driver
1986 – Maria Mena, Norwegian singer
1986 – Marta Vieira da Silva, Brazilian footballer
1988 - Miyu Irino, Japanese voice actor
1989 – Sone Aluko, former Aberdeen F.C. footballer
1991 - Christoph Kramer, German footballer
1992 - Helene Hegemann, German writer, director and actress
1992 - Georgi Milanov, Bulgarian footballer
1993 – Victoria Justice, American actress
2004 – Millie Bobby Brown, English actress
Deaths
Up to 1900
197 - Clodius Albinus, Roman Governor of Britain
1133 - Irene Ducaena, Byzantine Empress (b. 1066)
1553 – Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1511)
1605 – Orazio Vecchi, Italian composer (b. 1550)
1653 – Luigi de Rossi, Italian composer (b. 1597)
1663 - Adam Adami, German bishop and diplomat (b. 1603)
1670 – King Frederick III of Denmark (b. 1609)
1672 - Charles Chauncy, English-born President of Harvard College (b. 1592)
1709 – Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shogun (b. 1646)
1716 - Yostos, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. before 1690)
1716 – Dorothe Engelbretsdotter, Norwegian writer (b. 1634)
1789 – Nicholas Van Dyke, American lawyer and President of Delaware (b. 1738)
1799 – Jean-Charles de Borda, French scientist (b. 1733)
1837 – Georg Büchner, German playwright (b. 1813)
1863 - Roger Sherman Baldwin, Governor of Connecticut (b. 1793)
1868 - Venancio Flores, Uruguayan general and politician (b. 1808)
1887 - Multatuli, Dutch writer (b. 1820)
1901 2000
1915 - Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Indian philosopher and politician (b. 1866)
1916 – Ernst Mach, Austrian physicist and philosopher (b. 1838)
1927 – Robert Fuchs, Austrian composer (b. 1847)
1936 – Billy Mitchell, American general and military aviation pioneer (b. 1879)
1945 - Fay Moulton, American sprinter, football player, coach and lawyer (b. 1876)
1951 – André Gide, French writer (b. 1869)
1952 – Knut Hamsun, Norwegian writer (b. 1859)
1957 – Maurice Garin, French cyclist (b. 1871)
1958 - Charles King, American athlete (b. 1880)
1962 – Georgios Papanikolaou, Greek doctor (b. 1883)
1968 - Georg Hackenschmidt, Estonian-English strongman and wrestler (b. 1877)
1972 – John Grierson, Scottish documentary movie maker (b. 1898)
1973 - Kostas Negrepontis, Greek footballer (b. 1897)
1973 – Joseph Szigeti, Hungarian violinist (b. 1892)
1975 - Luigi Dallapiccola, Italian composer (b. 1904)
1980 - Bon Scott, singer (AC/DC) (b. 1946)
1983 - Alice White, American actress (b. 1904)
1986 - Adolfo Celi, Italian actor and director (b. 1927)
1988 – André Frédéric Cournand, French-born physician (b. 1895)
1990 - Edris Rice-Wray, American physician (b. 1904)
1994 - Derek Jarman, British movie director (b. 1942)
1996 - Antonio Creus, Spanish racing driver (b. 1924)
1997 – Deng Xiaoping, Chinese Communist leader (b. 1904)
1998 – Grandpa Jones, American entertainer (b. 1913)
2000 – Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Austrian artist (b. 1928)
From 2001
2001 – Stanley Kramer, American director (b. 1913)
2003 - Johnny Paycheck, American singer (b. 1938)
2008 – Lydia Shum, Hong Kong actress and singer (b. 1945)
2010 – Lionel Jeffries, British actor (b. 1926)
2011 - Ollie Matson, American football player (b. 1930)
2011 – Dietrich Stobbe, German politician and Mayor of Berlin (b. 1938)
2012 – Ruth Barcan Marcus, American philosopher and logician (b. 1921)
2012 – Renato Dulbecco, Italian virologist and Nobel Prize winner (b. 1914)
2013 - Armen Alchian, Armenian-American economist (b. 1914)
2013 - Eva Bergh, Norwegian actress (b. 1926)
2013 - Robert Coleman Richardson, American physicist (b. 1937)
2013 - Donald Richie, American author (b. 1924)
2014 - Valeri Kubasov, Soviet-Russian cosmonaut (b. 1935)
2014 - Dale Gardner, American astronaut (b. 1948)
2014 - Toni Ucci, Italian actor and comedian (b. 1922)
2014 - Kresten Bjerre, Danish footballer (b. 1946)
2014 - Simon Diaz, Venezuelan folk singer and composer (b. 1928)
2015 - Harris Wittels, American television producer and writer (b. 1984)
2016 - Tamerlan Aguzarov, Russian politician (b. 1963)
2016 - Harper Lee, American writer (b. 1926)
2016 - William O'Brien, English naval officer (b. 1916)
2016 - Vi Subversa, English musician (b. 1935)
2016 - Samuel Willenberg, Polish-Israeli sculptor (b. 1923)
2016 - Umberto Eco, Italian writer and philosopher (b. 1932)
2016 - Bruno Zuppiger, Swiss politician (b. 1952)
2017 - Alejandro Atchugarry, Uruguayan lawyer and politician (b. 1952)
2017 - Kaci Kullmann Five, Norwegian politician (b. 1951)
2017 - Larry Coryell, American jazz guitarist (b. 1943)
2017 - Altamas Kabir, 39th Chief Justice of India (b. 1948)
2017 - Igor Shafarevich, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician (b. 1923)
2017 - Danuta Szaflarska, Polish actress (b. 1915)
2017 - John S. Wold, American politician (b. 1916)
2017 - Roman Zhuravskyi, Ukrainian footballer (b. 1948)
Observances
Armed Forces Day (Mexico)
Flag Day (Turkmenistan)
Shivaji Jayanti (Maharashtra in India)
References
Days of the year |
9845 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2023 | February 23 |
Events
Up to 1900
1455 – Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western book printed from movable type.
1554 - In present-day Chile, Mapuche forces under leadership of Lautaro, score a victory over the Spanish at the Battle of Mairihueno.
1574 – The 5th holy war against the Huguenots begins in France.
1660 – Charles XI becomes King of Sweden.
1732 – First performance of George Frideric Handel's Orlando, in London.
1778 – American Revolution: Baron von Steuben arrives at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania to help to train the Continental Army.
1820 – Cato Street Conspiracy: A plot to murder all the British cabinet ministers is exposed.
1836 – The Siege of the Alamo begins in San Antonio, Texas.
1847 – Mexican-American War: Battle of Buena Vista – In Mexico, American troops defeat Mexican general Antonio López de Santa Anna.
1861 – President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrives secretly in Washington, DC after an assassination attempt in Baltimore, Maryland.
1870 – Military control of Mississippi ends and it is readmitted to the Union.
1874 – Walter Winfield patents a game called "sphairistike" which is more commonly called lawn tennis.
1883 – Alabama becomes the first U.S. state to enact an antitrust law.
1886 - Charles Martin Hall produces the first samples of man-made aluminium.
1887 – The French Riviera is hit by a large earthquake, killing around 2,000.
1893 – Rudolf Diesel receives a patent for the diesel engine.
1898 – Émile Zola is imprisoned in France after writing "J'accuse", a letter accusing the French government of anti-Semitism and wrongfully placing Captain Alfred Dreyfus in jail.
1900 – Battle of Hart's Hill: In South Africa the Boers and British troops battle.
1901 1950
1903 – Cuba leases Guantanamo Bay to the United States "in perpetuity".
1904 – For $10 million the United States gains control of the Panama Canal Zone.
1905 – Chicago, Illinois attorney Paul Harris and three other businessmen meet for lunch to form the Rotary Club, the world's first service club.
1909 – The Silver Dart makes the first powered flight in Canada and the British Empire.
1917 - Beginning of the February Revolution in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
1918 - The last monarch of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Adolphus Frederick IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, commits suicide.
1918 - The Red Army recruits its first soldiers.
1919 – Benito Mussolini forms the Fascist Party in Italy.
1927 – The Federal Radio Commission (later renamed the Federal Communications Commission) begins to regulate the use of radio frequencies.
1927 - German theoretical physicist Werner Heisenberg writes a letter to fellow physicist Wolfgang Pauli, in which he describes his uncertainty principle for the first time.
1934 – Léopold III becomes King of Belgium.
1940 – World War II: Soviet Union troops conquer Lasi Island.
1940 – The animated movie Pinocchio is released.
1941 - Plutonium is first produced and isolated by Glenn T. Seaborg.
1942 - World War II: Japanese submarines fire artillery shells at the California coast near Santa Barbara.
1943 - Fire breaks out in St. Joseph's Orphanage in County Cavan, Ireland, killing 35 children and one adult.
1944 - The Soviet Union begins the forced deportation of the Chechen and Ingush people from the north Caucasus to Central Asia.
1945 – Early in the Battle of Iwo Jima, a group of United States Marines reach the top of Mount Surabachi on the island and are photographed raising the American flag. The photo would later win a Pulitzer Prize.
1945 – World War II: The capital of the Philippines, Manila, is liberated by American forces.
1945 – World War II: Capitulation of German garrison in Poznań, city is liberated by Soviet and Polish forces.
1945 – World War II: The German town of Pforzheim is completely destroyed by a raid of 379 British bombers.
1947 – International Organization for Standardization(ISO) is founded.
1951 2000
1954 – The first mass vaccination of children against polio begins in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
1955 – First meeting of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO).
1955 – Edgar Faure becomes Prime Minister of France
1956 – Nikita Khrushchev attacks the veneration of Joseph Stalin as a "cult of personality".
1957 – The founding congress of the Senegalese Popular Bloc is opened in Dakar.
1958 – Cuban rebels kidnap 5-time world driving champion Juan Manuel Fangio.
1966 – A military coup in Syria replaces the previous government.
1970 – Forbes Burnham declares Guyana a republic, severing ties to the British crown.
1974 – The Symbionese Liberation Army demands $4 million more to release kidnap victim Patty Hearst.
1975 – In response to the energy crisis, daylight saving time commences nearly two months early in the United States.
1980 – Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini states that Iran's parliament would decide the fate of the American embassy hostages.
1981 – 23-F, Antonio Tejero attempts a coup d'état by capturing the Spanish Congress of Deputies.
1982 - In a referendum in Greenland, most voters choose to leave the European Economic Community.
1983 – The Spanish Socialist government of Felipe González and Miguel Boyer nationalizes Rumasa, a holding of José María Ruiz Mateos.
1983 – The Environmental Protection Agency announces its intent to buy out and evacuate the dioxin-contaminated community of Times Beach, Missouri.
1987 – A supernova is seen in the Large Magellanic Cloud (see Supernova 1987a).
1991 – Gulf War: Ground troops cross the Saudi Arabia border and enter Iraq, thus starting the ground-phase of the war.
1991 – Thailand: General Sunthorn Kongsompong leads a bloodless coup d'état, deposing Prime Minister Chatichai Choonhavan.
1992 – The Socialist Labour Party is founded in Georgia.
1993 – Gary Coleman wins a $1,280,000 lawsuit against his parents.
1995 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 30.28 to close at 4,003.33, closing above 4,000 for the first time.
1997 – A large fire occurs in the Russian Space station, Mir, though it is extinguished after 14 minutes, without anyone on board coming to harm.
1997 - A fire disaster in Orissa, India kills over 100 people.
1998 – Tornadoes in central Florida destroy or damage 2,600 structures and kill 42.
1998 – Osama bin Laden publishes a fatwa declaring jihad against all Jews and Crusaders.
1998 – Netscape Communications Corporation announces the foundation of mozilla.org, to co-ordinate the development of the open source Mozilla web browser.
1999 – Kurdish rebel leader Abdullah Öcalan is charged with treason in Ankara, Turkey.
1999 – White supremacist John William King is found guilty of kidnapping and killing African American James Byrd Jr by dragging him behind a truck for two miles.
1999 – An avalanche destroys the Austrian village of Galtür, killing 31.
From 2001
2002 - In Colombia, Ingrid Betancourt is kidnapped by FARC guerrillas.
2005 - In France, a controversial law on the teaching of French colonialism is passed. After protests, the law is abandoned about a year later.
2005 – Slovakia Summit 2005 begins, marking the first occasion when a sitting American President visits Slovakia; Bush and Putin are in attendance.
2007 – A passenger train crashes near Grayrigg, Cumbria, killing 1 person and injuring 22.
2010 - Unknown criminals pour more than 2.5 million liters of diesel oil and other hydrocarbons into the River Lambro in Northern Italy, sparking an environmental disaster.
2014 - The 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Southern Russia, end. The host nation, Russia, ends the games with the most gold medals, making it the second Winter Olympics in a row in which the host country achieves this (after Canada in 2010).
2018 - One of the biggest surprises occurs in Olympic sport occurs, when Germany defeats Canada 4-3 in their men's ice hockey semi-final at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea.
Births
Up to 1900
1417 – Pope Paul II (d. 1471)
1443 – Matthias Corvinus of Hungary (d. 1490)
1583 - Jean-Baptiste Morin, French mathematician, astrologer and astronomer (d. 1656)
1633 – Samuel Pepys, English naval officer and diarist (d. 1703)
1646 – Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shogun (d. 1709)
1649 - John Blow, English composer (d. 1708)
1664 – Georg Dietrich Leyding, German composer and organist (d. 1710)
1680 - Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, French Governor of Louisiana (d. 1767)
1685 – Georg Friedrich Handel, German/British Baroque composer (d. 1759)
1723 - Richard Price, Welsh philosopher (d. 1791)
1729 - Josiah Hornblower, American statesman (d. 1809)
1730 - Cristiano Giuseppe Lidarti, Austrian composer (d. 1793)
1744 - Mayer Amschel Rothschild, German-born banker (d. 1812)
1751 - Henry Dearborn, American statesman (d. 1829)
1792 – Jose Joaquin de Herrera, President of Mexico (d. 1854)
1803 – John Sutter, Swiss pioneer in California (d. 1880)
1809 - William Sprague, American minister and politician (d. 1868)
1817 – George Frederic Watts, British painter (d. 1904)
1821 - Amos T. Akerman, United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1880)
1842 – Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann, German philosopher (d. 1906)
1846 - Luigi Denza, Italian composer (d. 1922)
1850 – César Ritz, Swiss hotelier (d. 1918)
1852 – Duc Duc, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1883)
1868 - Anna Hoffman-Uddgren, Swedish director and actress (d. 1947)
1868 – W. E. B. Du Bois, American academic, writer and social activist (d. 1963)
1873 – Liang Qichao, Chinese scholar (d. 1929)
1874 – Konstantin Pats, President of Estonia (d. 1956)
1879 – Kazimir Malevich, Russian painter (d. 1935)
1883 – Karl Jaspers, German psychiatrist and philosopher (d. 1969)
1884 - Casimir Funk, Polish biochemist (d. 1967)
1889 – Victor Fleming, American movie director (d. 1949)
1889 - John Gilbert Winant, 60th Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1949)
1889 - Musidora, French actress and singer (d. 1957)
1893 - Charles Merz, American journalist (d. 1977)
1899 – Erich Kaestner, German writer (d. 1974)
1899 – Norman Taurog, American movie director (d. 1981)
1901 1950
1901 - Ivar Lo-Johansson, Swedish writer (d. 1990)
1904 – William L. Shirer, American historian (d. 1993)
1904 - George Docking, Governor of Kansas (d. 1964)
1906 - Samuel Joensen-Mikines, Faroese painter (d. 1979)
1908 – William McMahon, twentieth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1988)
1911 - G. Mennen Williams, Governor of Michigan (d. 1988)
1914 - Theofiel Middelkamp, Dutch cyclist (d. 2005)
1915 – Paul Tibbets, American Air Force pilot (d. 2007)
1923 – Yiannis Grevas, 87th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 2016)
1923 - Rafael Addiego Bruno, Uruguayan politician (d. 2014)
1924 – Allan McLeod Cormack, South African physicist (d. 1998)
1924 - Claude Sautet, French director (d. 2000)
1925 - Louis Stokes, American attorney and politician (d. 2015)
1927 – Willie Ormond, Scottish footballer (d. 1984)
1928 – Vasili Lazarev, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 1990)
1928 - Hans Herrmann, German racing driver
1929 – Patriarch Alexius II, Head of the Russian Orthodox Church (d. 2008)
1929 - Jaan Einasto, Estonian cosmologist
1929 - Elston Howard, American baseball player
1932 - Majel Barrett, American actress (d. 2008)
1935 – Diane Shalet, American actress (d. 2006)
1937 - Tom Osborne, American football player
1938 - Paul Morrissey, American movie director
1938 – Diane Varsi, American actress (d. 1992)
1940 – Peter Fonda, American actor (d. 2019)
1942 - Dioncounda Traoré, Malian politician
1944 – Johnny Winter, American musician (d. 2014)
1944 - Bernard Cornwell, British writer
1947 - Pia Kjaersgaard, Danish politician
1947 - Boris Kuznetsov, Russian boxer (d. 2006)
1948 - Steve Priest, British musician
1949 - Marc Garneau, Canadian astronaut and politician
1950 - Rebecca Goldstein, American writer and philosopher
1951 1975
1952 – Brad Whitford, American musician (Aerosmith)
1953 - Satoru Nakashima, Japanese racing driver
1953 - Adnan Polat, Turkish businessman
1954 – Viktor Yushchenko, former President of Ukraine
1955 - Flip Saunders, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
1955 - Francesca Simon, American author
1956 - Paul O'Neill, American producer, composer and songwriter (d. 2017)
1956 – Reinhold Beckmann, German journalist and television presenter
1957 - Andreas Schockenhoff, German politician (d. 2014)
1958 - David Sylvain, English musician
1959 - Clayton Anderson, American astronaut
1959 - Ian Liddell-Grainger, Scottish soldier and politician
1959 - Linda Nolan, Irish singer
1959 - Graeme Morrice, Scottish politician
1960 – Emperor Naruhito of Japan
1963 - Radoslav Sikorski, Polish journalist and politician, foreign minister
1964 – John Norum, Norwegian guitarist
1965 - Michael Dell, American computer manufacturer
1966 - Alexandre Borges, Brazilian actor
1969 - Michael Campbell, New Zealand golfer
1971 – Melinda Messenger, British television presenter
1973 – Lars-Olof Johansson, Swedish musician
1975 - Wilfred Kibet Kigen, Kenyan marathon runner
1975 - Michael Cornacchia, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter
From 1976
1976 – Kelly Macdonald, Scottish actress
1976 - Satoshi Yoneyama, Japanese professional wrestler
1978 - Jo Joyner, British actress
1978 - Dan Snyder, Canadian ice hockey player
1980 - Kim Kyung-roul, South Korean billiards player (d. 2015)
1981 – Gareth Barry, English footballer
1981 - Jan Böhmermann, German satirist and comedian
1982 - Anna Chapman, Russian agent
1982 - Adam Hann-Byrd, American actor and screenwriter
1982 - Karan Singh, Indian politician
1983 – Mido, Egyptian footballer
1983 – Mirco Bergamasco, Italian rugby player
1983 – Emily Blunt, British actress
1983 - Aziz Ansari, American actor, comedian and writer
1984 - Jeong Yu-mi, South Korean actress
1986 - Skylar Grey, American singer-songwriter
1986 - Ola Svensson, Swedish pop singer
1988 - Nicolas Gaitan, Argentine footballer
1989 - Evan Bates, American ice dancer
1989 - Amara Baby, French footballer
1990 - Kevin Cheung, Mauritian swimmer
1992 - Kyriakos Papadopoulos, Greek footballer
1993 - Kasumi Ishikawa, Japanese table tennis player
1994 – Dakota Fanning, American actress
1995 - Andrew Wiggins, Canadian basketball player
2012 – Princess Estelle, Duchess of Ostergotland, second-in-line to the throne of Sweden
Deaths
Up to 1900
1011 - Willigis, Archbishop of Mainz (b. 940)
1072 - Peter Damian, theologian (b. 1007)
1100 – Emperor Zhezong of China (b. 1076)
1270 - Isabel of France (b. 1225)
1447 - Pope Eugene IV (b. 1383)
1447 - Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1390)
1464 – Zhengtong, Emperor of China (b. 1427)
1603 – Andrea Cesalpino, Italian philosopher, physician and botanist (b. 1519)
1669 - Leo Aitzema, Dutch historian and statesman (b. 1600)
1766 – Stanislaw Leszczynski, King of Poland (b. 1677)
1781 - George Taylor, Irish-American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1716)
1792 – Joshua Reynolds, English painter (b. 1723)
1821 – John Keats, English poet (b. 1795)
1848 – John Quincy Adams, 6th President of the United States (b. 1767)
1855 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (b. 1777)
1859 - Zymunt Krasinski, Polish-Roman poet (b. 1812)
1879 – Albrecht Graf von Roon, Prime Minister of Prussia (b. 1803)
1896 - Justo Arosemena, Colombian politician and writer (b. 1817)
1897 - Woldemar Bargiel, German composer (b. 1828)
1901 2000
1918 - Adolphus Frederick VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1882)
1925 - Samuel Berger, American heavyweight boxer (b. 1884)
1931 – Nellie Melba, Australian operatic soprano (b. 1861)
1934 – Edward Elgar, English composer (b. 1857)
1944 – Leo Hendrik Baekeland, Flemish-American chemist, inventor of Bakelite (b. 1863)
1946 - Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japanese general (b. 1885)
1948 - John Robert Gregg, Irish-born publisher and inventor (b. 1866)
1955 – Paul Claudel, French poet and playwright (b. 1868)
1960 - Arthur Legat, British racing driver (b. 1898)
1965 – Stan Laurel, English actor and comedian (b. 1890)
1969 – King Saud of Saudi Arabia (b. 1902)
1973 – Dickinson W. Richards, American physician (b. 1895)
1974 - Harry Ruby, American composer and writer (b. 1895)
1976 – L. S. Lowry, English painter (b. 1887)
1979 - W. A. C. Bennett, 25th Premier of British Columbia (b. 1900)
1983 - Hubert Howells, English composer (b. 1892)
1984 – Uwe Johnson, German writer (b. 1934)
1990 – Jose Napoleon Duarte, President of El Salvador (b. 1925)
1995 - James Herriot, British writer (b. 1916)
1995 - Melvin Franklin, American singer (b. 1942)
1996 – Helmut Schön, German football manager (b. 1915)
2000 – Stanley Matthews, English footballer (b. 1915)
From 2001
2001 - Sergio Mantovani, Italian racing driver (b. 1929)
2003 - Howie Epstein, American musician (b. 1955)
2004 – Vijay Anand, Indian movie director (b. 1934)
2004 - Sikander Bakht, Indian politician, Governor of Kerala (b. 1918)
2004 - Neil Ardley, English jazz pianist and composer (b. 1955)
2004 - Carl Liscombe, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1915)
2006 – Diane Shalet, American actress (b. 1935)
2008 – Janez Drnovsek, Slovenian politician (b. 1950)
2008 - Paul Frère, Belgian racing driver (b. 1917)
2009 – Sverre Fehn, Norwegian architect (b. 1924)
2010 – Orlando Zapata, Cuban dissident, died after hunger strike (b. 1967)
2011 - Nirmala Srivastava, Indian religious leader (b. 1923)
2013 - Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (b. 1920)
2014 - Alice Herz-Sommer, Czech-born pianist, Holocaust survivor and supercentenarian (b. 1903)
2015 - John Rowlands, Welsh author and novelist (b. 1938)
2016 - Ramon Castro Ruz, Cuban revolutionary (b. 1924)
2016 - Peter Lustig, German sound engineer and television presenter (b. 1937)
2016 - Donald E. Williams, American astronaut (b. 1932)
2017 - Alan Colmes, American political commentator and television presenter (b. 1950)
2017 - Sabine Oberhauser, Austrian physician and politician (b. 1963)
2017 - David Waddington, Baron Waddington, British politician (b. 1929)
2017 - Leon Ware, American musician, record producer and songwriter (b. 1940)
2018 - James Colby, American actor (b. 1961)
2018 - James Laxer, Canadian political economist (b. 1941)
2018 - Lewis Gilbert, British film director (b. 1920)
Observances
Republic Day (Guyana)
National Day (Brunei)
Defender of the Fatherland Day (Russia)
Days of the year |
9846 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2025 | February 25 |
Events
Up to 1950
138 – Roman Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his heir.
493 - Odoacer surrenders Ravenna after a 3-year siege and agrees to a mediated peace with Theodoric the Great.
1336 - 4,000 defenders of the Pilenai commit mass suicide rather than be taken captive by the Teutonic Knights.
1489 - Charles VIII of France recognizes Monaco as an independent state.
1570 – Pope Pius V excommunicates Queen Elizabeth I of England.
1793 - George Washington holds the first cabinet meeting held by a President of the United States.
1831 - Battle of Oloynka Grochowska, part of the Polish November Uprising against the Russian Empire.
1836 – Samuel Colt is granted a US patent for the Colt revolver.
1837 - Thomas Davenport gets the first patent for an electric motor.
1843 - Provisional Cessation of the Hawaiian or Sandwich Islands is established by Lord George Paulet.
1848 - The Provisional Government in revolutionary France, by Louis Blanc's motion, guarantees workers right.
1856 – A peace conference begins in Paris after the Crimean War.
1866 - Miners at Calaveras County, California, discover what is now called the Calaveras Skull.
1870 – Hiram Rhodes Revels becomes the first African American to serve in the US Congress.
1875 - Guangxu Emperor of China begins his reign, under Empress Dowager Cixi's regency.
1901 - J. P. Morgan incorporates the United States Steel Corporation.
1912 - Marie-Adelaide, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, at age 17, becomes the first reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg.
1916 - World War I: The Germans capture Fort Douaumont during the Battle of Verdun.
1917 – The British steamship RMS Laconia is sunk by a German U-boat off the south coast of Ireland, killing 12 people.
1921 – Tbilisi, capital city of the Democratic Republic of Georgia, is occupied by Bolshevist Russia.
1932 - Adolf Hitler is given German citizenship.
1933 - The USS Ranger is launched. it is the first US ship built only as an aircraft carrier.
1941 - February Strike: In occupied Amsterdam, a general strike is declared in response to increased anti-Jewish measures by the Nazis.
1945 - World War II: Turkey declares war on Germany.
1947 – The State of Prussia ceases to exist.
1948 - The Communist Party takes control of Czechoslovakia.
From 1951
1951 – The first Pan American Games are held in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1954 – Gamal Abdel Nasser becomes President of Egypt.
1956 – Nikita Krushchev denounces the cult of personality of Joseph Stalin.
1964 – Cassius Clay, later known as Muhammad Ali, becomes heavyweight boxing champion, defeating Sonny Liston.
1968 – South Korean troops kill 135 people in Vietnam.
1969 - In Prague, Jan Zajic sets himself on fire in an act of protest against the Communist government. He dies of his injuries.
1975 - Muhammad Abdullah becomes Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir.
1980 – Suriname's government is overthrown in a coup in the capital city Paramaribo.
1981 – Adolfo Suárez leaves office as Prime Minister of Spain.
1983 – The Statute of Autonomy for the Canary Islands is approved.
1986 – People Power Revolution: In the Philippines, Ferdinand Marcos is forced to resign after a rule of over 20 years. Corazon Aquino becomes President, the first Asian woman in that position.
1988 – Roh Tae-woo becomes President of South Korea.
1990 - Violeta Chamorro is elected President of Nicaragua, defeating Daniel Ortega.
1991 - End of the Warsaw Pact.
1991 – Gulf War: An Iraqi scud missile hits a US military barracks in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, killing 28 reservists from Pennsylvania.
1992 – Khojaly Massacre: Armenian forces kill 613 Azerbaijani civilians in Nagorno Karabakh.
1994 – In the West Bank town of Hebron, Baruch Goldstein kills 29 Palestinian worshippers, before being killed.
1995 - The first Screen Actors Guild Awards are given in Los Angeles, California.
1997 - Yi Han-yong, a North Korean defector, is murdered by unidentified assailants in Bundang, South Korea.
2001 - Non-reformed Communists win the election in Moldova.
2001 - Pedro Pires is elected President of the Cape Verde Islands.
2003 – Roh Moo-hyun becomes President of South Korea.
2008 – Lee Myung-bak becomes President of South Korea.
2009 – Bangladeshi Border Guards kill 74 people in Dhaka, including 57 army officers and family.
2009 – Turkish Airlines Flight 1951 crashes near Amsterdam, killing 9 people.
2010 – Viktor Yanukovych becomes President of Ukraine, succeeding Viktor Yushchenko.
2011 – The Fianna Fail-led government in the Republic of Ireland, under Brian Cowen, suffers a heavy defeat in the general election. Enda Kenny is elected to serve as the next Taoiseach.
2013 - Park Geunhye becomes the first female President of South Korea.
2015 - Avalanches in Northeastern Afghanistan kill 310 people.
2018 - The 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, end.
Births
Up to 1900
1337 - Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1383)
1398 – Emperor Xuande of China (d. 1435)
1552 - Magdalene of Lippe (d. 1587)
1591 – Friedrich von Spee, German writer (d. 1635)
1643 – Ahmed II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1695)
1651 - Johann Philipp Krieger, German baroque composer and organist (d. 1725)
1682 - Giovanni Battista Morgagni, Italian anatomist (d. 1771)
1707 – Carlo Goldoni, Italian writer (d. 1793)
1708 - Felix Benda, Bohemian composer and organist (d. 1768)
1714 – Rene Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou, French chancellor (d. 1792)
1727 - Armand-Louis Couperin, French composer (d. 1789)
1728 - John Wood, the Younger, English architect (d. 1782)
1752 – John Graves Simcoe, British territorial governor of Upper Canada (d. 1806)
1755 - François René Mallarmé, French lawyer and politician (d. 1835)
1778 – Jose de San Martin, Argentine independence leader, hero in many South American countries (d. 1850)
1812 - Carl Christian Hall, Danish statesman (d. 1888)
1816 - Giovanni Morelli, Italian art critic and political figure (d. 1891)
1833 – John St. John, Governor of Kansas (d. 1916)
1841 – Pierre-Auguste Renoir, French impressionist painter (d. 1919)
1842 – Karl May, German writer (d. 1912)
1845 – George Reid, 4th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1918)
1848 - William II of Württemberg (d. 1921)
1856 - Karl Gotthard Lamprecht, German historian (d. 1915)
1857 - Robert Bond, 1st Prime Minister of Newfoundland (d. 1927)
1859 - John Burke, Governor of North Dakota (d. 1937)
1861 – Rudolf Steiner, Austrian philosopher and educator (d. 1925)
1865 - Andranik Ozanian, Armenian general, rebel leader and activist (d. 1923)
1866 - Benedetto Croce, Italian philosopher, humanist, historian and politician (d. 1952)
1871 – Lesya Ukrainka, Ukrainian writer and poet (d. 1913)
1873 – Enrico Caruso, Italian tenor (d. 1921)
1881 - Alexei Rykov, Soviet politician (d. 1938)
1881 - William Z. Foster, American labour organiser and politician (d. 1961)
1883 - Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone (d. 1981)
1885 – Princess Alice of Battenberg (d. 1969)
1888 – John Foster Dulles, 52nd United States Secretary of State (d. 1959)
1889 - Homer S. Ferguson, United States Senator for Michigan (d. 1982)
1890 – Myra Hess, English pianist (d. 1965)
1890 – Vyacheslav Molotov, Soviet politician (d. 1986)
1894 - Meher Baba, Indian spiritual figure (d. 1969)
1901 1950
1901 – Zeppo Marx, American actor (d. 1979)
1902 - Virginio Rosetta, Italian footballer (d. 1975)
1903 - King Clancy, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1986)
1906 - Boris Papandopulo, Croatia composer and conductor (d. 1991)
1906 - Domingo Ortega, Spanish matador (d. 1988)
1910 - Millicent Fenwick, American politician (d. 1992)
1913 – Jim Backus, American actor (d. 1989)
1913 - Gert Fröbe, American actor (d. 1988)
1917 – Anthony Burgess, English writer (d. 1993)
1918 - Barney Ewell, American runner (d. 1996)
1918 – Bobby Riggs, American tennis player (d. 1995)
1919 - Monte Irvin, American baseball player (d. 2016)
1919 - Karl H. Pribram, Austrian-American professor (d. 2015)
1920 - Sun Myung Moon, Korean religious leader (d. 2012)
1921 – Pierre Laporte, Canadian statesman (d. 1970)
1922 - Molly Bobak, Canadian writer, painter and printmaker (d. 2014)
1924 - Hugh Huxley, British biologist
1927 - Dick Jones, American actor (d. 2014)
1927 - Ralph Stanley, American singer (d. 2016)
1928 – Larry Gelbart, American screenwriter (d. 2009)
1929 - Tommy Newsom, American bandleader (d. 2007)
1930 - Wendy Beckett, British nun, historian and broadcaster
1932 – Tony Brooks, British racing driver
1935 – Sally Jessy Raphael, American talk show host
1936 - Jorge Jacobson, Argentine journalist and writer (d. 2014)
1937 – Tom Courtenay, British actor
1937 – Bob Schieffer, American broadcast journalist
1938 - Malcolm Tierney, British actor (d. 2014)
1940 – Ron Santo, American baseball player (d. 2010)
1941 - Pierluigi Cera, Italian footballer
1943 – George Harrison, English songwriter, guitarist and member of the Beatles (d. 2001)
1943 – Wilson da Silva Piazza, Brazilian footballer
1943 - Boediono, 11th Vice President of Indonesia
1946 - Jan Groth, Norwegian singer and keyboardist (d. 2014)
1946 - Jean Todt, French Formula One executive
1946 - Elkie Brooks, British singer
1947 - Giuseppe Betori, Archbishop of Florence
1947 - Marc Sautet, French writer, teacher, and philosopher (d. 1998)
1947 – Lee Evans, American athlete
1947 - Doug Yule, American musician
1950 – Néstor Kirchner, President of Argentina (d. 2010)
1950 - Francisco Fernandez Ochoa, Spanish alpine skier (d. 2006)
1950 - Neil Jordan, Irish movie director, screenwriter and novelist
1951 1975
1951 – Don Quarrie, Jamaican runner
1952 - Joey Dunlop, British motorcycle racer (d. 2000)
1953 – Jose Maria Aznar, Spanish politician, former Prime Minister of Spain
1953 - Kim Yeong-cheol, South Korean actor
1954 - Gerardo Pelusso, Uruguayan football manager
1955 – Camille Thériault, Canadian politician, 29th Premier of New Brunswick
1956 - Andres Ammas, Estonian politician (d. 2018)
1957 - Chuck Strahl, Canadian politician
1958 - Kevin Gray, American actor
1958 – Kurt Rambis, American basketball player
1959 - Mike Peters, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist
1961 - Chris Pitman, American keyboardist
1962 - Birgit Fischer, German kayaker
1962 - Mark Heenehan, British theatre actor
1964 – Lee Evans, British comedian
1964 - Luigi Troiani, Italian rugby player
1965 - Sylvie Guillem, French ballet dancer
1965 - Carrot Top, American comedian
1965 - Veronica Webb, American supermodel and actress
1967 - Jonathan Freedland, British journalist and writer
1967 – Ed Balls, British politician
1971 – Sean Astin, American actor
1971 - Sean O'Haire, American professional wrestler, mixed martial artist and kick boxer (d. 2014)
1971 - Christien Anholt, British actor
1973 – Julio Iglesias, Jr., Spanish singer
1974 - Kevin Skinner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1975 – Chelsea Handler, American comedienne and actress
1975 - Naga Munchetty, British television news presenter
From 1976
1976 - Rashida Jones, American actress
1977 - Sarah Jezebel Deva, English singer-songwriter
1978 - Yazid Mansouri, Algerian footballer
1978 - Yuji Nakazawa, Japanese footballer
1981 – Shahid Kapoor, Indian actor
1981 – Park Ji-Sung, South Korean footballer
1982 – Chris Baird, Northern Irish footballer
1982 - Bert McCracken, American musician
1982 - Flavia Pennetta, Italian tennis player
1982 - Maria Kanellis, American professional wrestler
1983 – Eduardo da Silva, Brazilian-Croatian footballer
1984 - Xing Huina, Chinese athlete
1984 – Craig Mackail-Smith, British footballer
1985 – Joakim Noah, American basketball player
1986 - Jameela Jamil, British television and radio presenter
1986 - James Phelps, British actor
1986 - Oliver Phelps, British actor
1987 - Justin Abdelkader, American ice hockey player
1987 - Mevlut Erdinc, Turkish footballer
1988 - Luca Di Matteo, Italian footballer
1989 - Kana Hanazawa, Japanese voice actress
1990 - Alejandra Andreu, Spanish model
1990 - Younès Belhanda, Moroccan footballer
1992 - Max Aaron, American figure skater
1993 - Christina Kirkman, American actress
1994 - Eugenie Bouchard, Canadian tennis player
1995 - Francesca Michielin, Italian singer
1997 – Isabelle Fuhrman, American actress
1998 – Brendon Baerg, American actor
Deaths
Up to 1900
1246 – Dafydd ap Llywelyn, King of Gwynedd
1495 - Sultan Cem, pretender to the throne of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1459)
1547 - Vittoria Colonna, Italian poet (b. 1492)
1553 - Hirate Masahide, Japanese diplomat (b. 1492)
1558 – Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Portugal and France (b. 1498)
1601 - Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, English politician (b. 1566)
1634 – Albrecht von Wallenstein, Austrian general (b. 1583)
1643 - Marco da Gagliano, Italian composer (b. 1582)
1655 – Daniel Heinsius, Flemish scholar (b. 1580)
1682 - Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (b. 1639)
1713 – King Frederick I of Prussia (b. 1657)
1715 - Pu Songling, Chinese writer (b. 1640)
1723 – Christopher Wren, English architect (b. 1632)
1819 - Francisco Manoel de Nascimento, Portuguese poet (b. 1734)
1822 - William Pinkney, American statesman and diplomat (b. 1764)
1831 – Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, German writer (b. 1752)
1841 - Philip Pendleton Barbour, American politician (b. 1783)
1850 – Daoguang, Emperor of China (b. 1782)
1852 – Thomas Moore, Irish poet (b. 1779)
1864 – Anna Harrison, shortest-serving First Lady of the United States (b. 1775)
1865 - Otto Ludwig, German writer (b. 1813)
1877 - Jang Bahadur Rana, Nepalese ruler (b. 1816)
1894 - Steele MacKaye, American playwright, actor and inventor (b. 1842)
1899 – Paul Julius Reuter, German journalist (b. 1816)
1901 2000
1912 – Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1852)
1922 - Henri Désiré Landru, French serial killer (b. 1869)
1945 - Mario de Andrade, Brazilian writer and photographer (b. 1893)
1950 – George Minot, American physician (b. 1885)
1953 - Sergei Winogradsky, Russian scientist (b. 1856)
1957 – Bugs Moran, American gangster (b. 1893)
1964 - Kenneth Lee Spencer, American opera singer and actor (b. 1913)
1964 - Alexander Archipenko, Ukrainian artist and sculptor (b. 1887)
1969 - Jan Zajic, Czechoslovakian student (b. 1950)
1970 – Mark Rothko, Latvian-American painter (b. 1903)
1971 – Theodor Svedberg, Swedish chemist (b. 1884)
1975 – Elijah Muhammad, American Muslim leader, Nation of Islam (b. 1897)
1983 – Tennessee Williams, American playwright (b. 1911)
1993 - Eddie Constantine, American-born actor and singer (b. 1917)
1994 – Baruch Goldstein, Israeli army officer (b. 1956)
1997 - Cal Abrams, American baseball player (b. 1924)
1997 - Yi Han-yong, North Korean defector
1999 – Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist (b. 1912)
From 2001
2001 – Sir Donald Bradman, Australian cricketer (b. 1908)
2003 – Alberto Sordi, Italian actor (b. 1920)
2004 - Donald Hings, Canadian inventor (b. 1907)
2005 - Peter Benenson, English founder of Amnesty International (b. 1921)
2005 - Leo Labine, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1931)
2005 - Edward Patten, American singer (b. 1939)
2009 – Philip Jose Farmer, American writer (b. 1918)
2012 – Maurice André, French classical trumpeter (b. 1933)
2012 – Red Holloway, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1927)
2012 – Erland Josephson, Swedish actor (b. 1923)
2012 – Louisiana Red, American blues musician (b. 1932)
2013 - Ray O'Connor, 22nd Premier of Western Australia (b. 1926)
2013 - C. Everett Koop, American politician and spokesperson (b. 1916)
2014 - Chokwe Lumumba, American politician, Mayor of Jackson, Mississippi (b. 1947)
2014 - Mario Coluna, Brazilian footballer (b. 1935)
2014 - Paco de Lucia, Spanish flamenco guitarist, composer and producer (b. 1947)
2015 - Eugenie Clark, American zoologist and professor (b. 1922)
2015 - Terry Gill, Australian actor (b. 1939)
2015 - Marian Szeja, Polish footballer (b. 1941)
2016 - François Dupeyron, French movie director and screenwriter (b. 1950)
2016 - Alfred E. Mann, American entrepreneur and philanthropist (b. 1925)
2016 - Tony Burton, American actor (b. 1937)
2016 - Jim Clark, English movie editor (b. 1931)
2017 - Hassan Al-Jundi, Moroccan actor (b. 1939)
2017 - Neil Fingleton, English basketball player and actor (b. 1980)
2017 - Bill Paxton, American actor (b. 1955)
2017 - Jack Pope, American judge, attorney and author (b. 1913)
2017 - Toshio Nakanishi, Japanese musician (b. 1956)
2017 - Boaz Vaadia, Israeli-born American sculptor (b. 1951)
2018 - Ainsley Gotto, Australian political staffer and interior designer (b. 1946)
Observances
National Day (Kuwait)
People Power Day (Philippines)
Soviet Occupation Day (Republic of Georgia)
Memorial Day for Victims of the Communist dictatorships (Hungary)
Days of the year |
9847 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2026 | February 26 |
Events
Up to 1900
364 – Valentinian I is proclaimed Roman Emperor.
1266 - Battle of Benevento: An army led by Charles, Count of Anjou defeats a combined German and Sicilian force led by King Manfred of Sicily. Manfred is killed in the battle and Pope Clement IV makes Charles the King of Sicily and Naples.
1548 - Admiral Piri Reis conquers Portuguese-occupied Aden in Yemen for the Ottoman Empire.
1658 – Treaty of Roskilde: After defeat in the Northern Wars, King Frederick III of Denmark-Norway is forced to give up nearly a third of territory to Sweden.
1794 – Christiansborg Palace in Copenhagen burns down.
1815 – Napoleon Bonaparte escapes from exile on the island of Elba.
1848 – The Second French Republic is proclaimed.
1852 – The troop transporter Birkenhead of the Royal Navy sinks off South Africa, killing 450 of the 643 people on board. The call Women and children first is believed to have been used for the first time.
1876 - Japan and Korea sign a treaty granting Japanese citizens extraterritoriality rights, opening three ports to Japanese trade, and ending Korea's status as a tributary state to Qing Dynasty China.
1885 - The Berlin Africa Conference takes place, deciding the colonial boundaries in Africa, between different European colonial powers.
1901 2000
1909 - Kinemacolor, the first successful color movie process, is first shown to the general public at the Palace Theatre in London.
1914 – The ship HMHS Britannic is launched at Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast.
1917 – Denali National Park is founded in Alaska, originally named Mt. McKinley National Park. The mountain's English-language name comes from US President William McKinley.
1918 – A German U-boat sinks the British hospital ship HMHS Glenart Castle, killing 153 people.
1919 – The Grand Canyon becomes part of the Grand Canyon National Park.
1929 – The Grand Teton National Park is founded in Wyoming.
1935 – Robert Watson-Watt demonstrates the radar near Daventry.
1935 - Adolf Hitler orders the re-formation of the Luftwaffe.
1936 – February 26 Incident: Japanese military officers stage a military coup against the government.
1952 - Vincent Massey becomes the first Canadian-born Governor-General of Canada.
1960 - A New York-bound Alitalia airliner crashes into a cemetery in Shannon, Ireland, shortly after take-off, killing 34 of the 52 people on board.
1961 - Hassan II becomes King of Morocco.
1966 - Apollo program: Launch of AS-201, the first flight of a Saturn IB rocket.
1966 - Vietnam War; The ROK Capital Division of the South Korean Army massacres 380 unarmed civilians.
1971 - U Thant signs the United Nations proclamation of the Spring Equinox (March 20/21) as Earth Day. it is later celebrated on April 22.
1972 – The Buffalo Creek Flood is caused when a dam bursts, in West Virginia, killing 125 people.
1974 - Norway announces the discovery of the Statfjord oil field in the North Sea.
1980 - Egypt and Israel create full diplomatic relations.
1984 – US troops withdraw from Lebanon.
1990 – The Sandinistas are defeated in Nicaraguan elections, also meaning that Violeta Chamorro becomes Nicaragua's first female President.
1991 – The Gulf War ends when Saddam Hussein announces the withdrawal of all Iraqi troops in Kuwait.
1991 - Tim Berners-Lee introduces WorldWideWeb. As it is confused with the World Wide Web, it is later renamed Nexus.
1992 – Khojaly Massacre: Armenian forces kill 613 Azerbaijani civilians in Nagorno Karabakh.
1993 – World Trade Center bombing: A bomb explodes in a car park under the North Tower of New York City's World Trade Center, killing 6 people, and injuring over 1,000.
1995 - Barings Bank, the United Kingdom's oldest investment banking institute, collapses.
1997 - The funeral of Deng Xiaoping is broadcast across the People's Republic of China.
2000 – The Hekla volcano in Iceland erupts.
From 2001
2004 – Macedonian President Boris Trajkovski dies in a plane crash near Mostar, in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
2006 – End of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin.
2012 - Shooting of Trayvon Martin: African American teenager Trayvon Martin is shot dead by neighborhood watchman George Zimmerman in Florida. The exact circumstances of his death become subject of debate and controversy.
2012 - Silent movie The Artist wins the most awards in the Academy Awards ceremony.
2013 - A hot-air balloon crashes near Luxor, Egypt, killing 19 people.
2016 - Gianni Infantino is elected President of FIFA, the governing body of world football.
Births
Up to 1800
1361 – Wenceslaus, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia (d. 1419)
1416 – Christopher of Bavaria, King of Denmark (d. 1448)
1564 – Christopher Marlowe, English dramatist (d. 1593)
1584 - Albert VI of Bavaria (d. 1666)
1587 - Stefano Landi, Italian composer (d. 1639)
1671 - Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury, English politician and philosopher (d. 1713)
1672 - Antoine Augustine Calmet, French theologian (d. 1757)
1677 - Nicolas Fago, Italian composer and teacher (d. 1745)
1718 – Johan Ernst Gunnerus, Norwegian bishop, botanist and zoologist (d. 1773)
1720 - Gian Francesco Albani, Italian cardinal (d. 1803)
1724 - Gottfried Heinrich Bach, son of Johann Sebastian Bach (d. 1763)
1732 - Francis Marion, American Revolutionary officer (d. 1795)
1746 - Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (d. 1806)
1770 – Anton Reicha, Bohemian composer and flautist (d. 1836)
1777 - Matija Nenadovic, Serbian uprising leader (d. 1854)
1786 – François Arago, Catalan-French physicist and politician (d. 1853)
1801 1900
1802 – Victor Hugo, French writer (d. 1885)
1808 - Honoré Daumier, French painter, illustrator and sculptor (d. 1879)
1814 - Charles-Joseph Sainte-Claire Deville, French geologist (d. 1876)
1829 – Levi Strauss, German-born clothing designer (d. 1902)
1838 - Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu, Romanian writer and philologist (d. 1907)
1842 - Camille Flammarion, French astronomer and writer (d. 1952)
1846 – Buffalo Bill, American bison hunter and showman (d. 1917)
1852 – John Harvey Kellogg, American physician (d. 1943)
1861 – King Ferdinand of Bulgaria (d. 1939)
1866 - Herbert Henry Dow, American chemical industrialist (d. 1930)
1869 – Nadezhda Krupskaya, Russian revolutionary, wife of Vladimir Lenin (d. 1939)
1875 - Richard Wetz, German composer and conductor (d. 1935)
1877 - Henry Barwell, Australian politician, 28th Premier of South Australia (d. 1959)
1877 - Rudolph Dirks, German-American illustrator (d. 1968)
1879 – Frank Bridge, English composer (d. 1941)
1880 - Kenneth Edgeworth, Irish astronomer (d. 1972)
1881 – Janus Djurhuus, Faroese poet (d. 1948)
1882 - Husband E. Kimmel, American admiral (d. 1968)
1884 - Francesco Borgongini Duca, Italian cardinal (d. 1954)
1885 – Aleksandras Stulginskis, President of Lithuania (d. 1969)
1887 - Stefan Grabinski, Polish writer (d. 1936)
1887 - Grover Cleveland Alexander, American baseball player (d. 1950)
1891 - Carlo Carcano, Italian footballer and coach (d. 1965)
1893 - Wallace Fard Muhammad, American religious leader (d. 1934)
1896 - Andrei Alexandrovich Zhdanov, Soviet politician and ideologist (d. 1948)
1899 - Max Petitpierre, Swiss politician (d. 1994)
1900 - Halina Konopacka, Polish athlete (d. 1989)
1901 1925
1902 - Jean Bruller, French writer, caricaturist and resistance activist (d. 1991)
1903 – Giulio Natta, Italian chemist (d. 1979)
1906 - Madeleine Carroll, English actress (d. 1987)
1906 - Egidio Vagnozzi, Italian cardinal (d. 1980)
1908 – Tex Avery, American cartoonist (d. 1980)
1909 - Gunnar Andersen, Norwegian ski jumper (d. 1988)
1909 – King Talal of Jordan (d. 1972)
1909 – Fanny Cradock, British cookery writer and television presenter (d. 1994)
1911 - Taro Okamoto, Japanese avant-garde artist (d. 1996)
1912 - Dane Clark, American actor and director (d. 1998)
1914 – Robert Alda, American actor (d. 1986)
1916 – Jackie Gleason, American actor and producer (d. 1987)
1917 - Robert Taft, Jr., American politician (d. 1993)
1918 - Pyotr Masherov, Soviet-Belarussian politician (d. 1980)
1918 - Otis R. Bowen, 44th Governor of Indiana and United States Secretary of Health and Human Services (d. 2013)
1918 - Theodore Sturgeon, American writer (d. 1985)
1920 - Lucjan Woldanowski, Polish journalist, writer and traveler (d. 2006)
1920 – Tony Randall, American actor (d. 2004)
1921 – Betty Hutton, American actress (d. 2007)
1922 - Karl Aage Praest, Danish footballer (d. 2011)
1922 - William Baumol, American economist (d. 2017)
1924 - Noboru Takeshita, Japanese politician (d. 2000)
1924 - Marc Bucci, American composer, lyricist and dramatist (d. 2002)
1925 - Everton Weekes, Barbadian cricketer
1926 1950
1926 - Verne Gagne, American wrestler and football player (d. 2015)
1926 - Henry Molaison, American memory disorder patient (d. 2008)
1928 - Anatoly Filipchenko, Soviet cosmonaut
1928 – Fats Domino, American musician (d. 2017)
1928 - Odo Marquard, German philosopher (d. 2015)
1928 - Ariel Sharon, Prime Minister of Israel (d. 2014)
1930 - Mohammed Lakhdar-Hamina, Algerian movie director and screenwriter
1931 – Ally MacLeod, Scottish footballer (d. 2004)
1931 - Robert Novak, American journalist and author (d. 2009)
1932 – Johnny Cash, American singer (d. 2003)
1934 - Mohammed Lakhdar-Hamina, Algerian director, producer and screenwriter
1936 - José Policarpo, Roman Catholic Patriarch of Lisbon (d. 2014)
1937 - Cliff Osmond, American actor (d. 2012)
1939 – Josephine Tewson, English actress
1940 - Whitney Smith, American vexillologist (someone who studies flags) (d. 2016)
1942 – Jozef Adamec, Slovakian footballer
1943 - Bill Duke, American actor and director
1943 - Darcus Howe, Trinidad-born British broadcaster, writer and activist (d. 2017)
1943 - Charles P. Thacker, American computer designer (d. 2017)
1944 - Ronald Lauder, President of the World Jewish Congress
1945 - Tony deBrum, Marshallese politician (d. 2017)
1945 – Mitch Ryder, American rock musician
1946 – Ahmed Zewail, Egyptian chemist (d. 2016)
1946 – Bobby "Bingo" Smith, American basketball player
1947 – Sandie Shaw, British singer
1948 - David Edgar, British playwright
1949 – Elizabeth George, American writer
1949 – Emma Kirkby, British singer
1949 - Lynda Clark, Baroness Clark of Calton, British politician
1950 – Helen Clark, 37th Prime Minister of New Zealand
1950 - Jonathan Cain, American musician
1950 - Don Shanks, American actor and stuntman
1951 1975
1951 - Steve Bell, English cartoonist
1951 - Wayne Goss, Australian politician, 34th Premier of Queensland (d. 2014)
1952 - Jaan Arder, Estonian singer (d. 2014)
1953 – Michael Bolton, American singer
1954 - Leon de Winter, Dutch writer
1954 – Recep Tayyip Erdogan, President of Turkey
1954 – Ernst August, Prince of Hanover, German aristocrat, married into the Monegasque royal family
1955 - Andreas Maislinger, Austrian historian
1956 - Kevin Dunn, American actor
1956 - Michel Houellebecq, French writer
1957 - Joe Mullen, American ice hockey player
1957 – David Muldrow, American politician, 113th Governor of South Carolina
1958 – Tim Kaine, American politician, former Governor of Virginia
1958 - Susan Helms, American astronaut
1958 - Greg Germann, American actor
1959 – Rolando Blackman, Panamanian basketball player
1959 - Ahmet Davutoglu, former Prime Minister of Turkey
1962 - Ahn Cheol-soo, South Korean politician, businessman and software entrepreneur
1963 - Chase Masterson, American actress and singer
1964 - Mark Dacascos, American actor and martial artist
1966 - Marc Fortier, Canadian ice hockey player
1966 - Garry Conille, 14th Prime Minister of Haiti
1966 - Najwa Karam, Lebanese singer-songwriter and producer
1967 – Kazuyoshi Miura, Japanese footballer
1968 - Robin Ammerlaan, Dutch wheelchair tennis player
1969 - Hitoshi Sakimoto, Japanese composer
1969 - Steve Agee, American actor and comedian
1970 - Mark Harper, English politician
1971 – Erykah Badu, American singer
1972 - Jonny Quinn, Northern Irish musician (Snow Patrol)
1973 – Ole Gunnar Solskjaer, Norwegian footballer and coach
1973 – Marshall Faulk, American football player
1973 – Jenny Thompson, American swimmer
1974 – Sébastien Loeb, French World-Champion rally driver
From 1976
1977 – Shane Williams, Welsh rugby player
1977 - Tim Thomas, American basketball player
1978 – Abdoulaye Diagne-Faye, Senegalese footballer
1979 – Corinne Bailey Rae, British singer
1979 – Pedro Mendes, Portuguese footballer
1980 - Steve Blake, American basketball player
1981 – Chris Thile, American musician
1982 – Li Na, Chinese tennis player
1982 - Matt Prior, English cricketer
1983 – Pepe, Brazilian-Portuguese footballer
1984 – Emmanuel Adebayor, Togolese footballer
1984 - Alex de Angelis, Sammarinese motorcycle racer
1984 - Natalia Lafourcade, Mexican singer-songwriter
1985 - Gee Atherton, English mountain biker
1985 – Miki Fujimoto, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
1985 – Fernando Llorente, Spanish footballer
1986 – Hannah Kearney, American skier
1986 - Leila Lopes, Angolan model
1986 - Teresa Palmer, Australian model and actress
1989 - Gabriel Obertan, French footballer
1991 - CL, South Korean singer-songwriter and dancer
1991 - Kevin Plawecki, American baseball player
1992 - Mikael Granlund, Finnish ice hockey player
1993 – Taylor Dooley, American actress
Deaths
Up to 1900
420 - Porphyry of Gaza, Greek bishop and saint (b. 347)
1154 – King Roger II of Sicily (b. 1093)
1266 – King Manfred of Sicily (b. 1232)
1360 – Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, English military leader (b. 1328)
1577 – King Eric XIV of Sweden (b. 1533)
1611 - Antonio Possevino, Italian Jesuit humanist, diplomat and bibliographer
1726 - Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (b. 1662)
1770 - Giuseppe Tartini, Italian composer (b. 1692)
1813 - Robert Livingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1746)
1815 - Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg Saalfeld (b. 1737)
1864 - Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine, Canadian politician (b. 1807)
1883 – Alexandros Koumoundouros, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1817)
1889 - Karl Davydov, Russian cellist and composer (b. 1838)
1901 2000
1903 – Richard Jordan Gatling, American inventor (b. 1818)
1909 – Hermann Ebbinghaus, German philosopher (b. 1850)
1931 – Otto Wallach, German chemist (b. 1847)
1933 – Princess Thyra of Denmark (b. 1853)
1936 – Saito Makoto, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1858)
1936 - Takahashi Korekiyo, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1854)
1942 - Tommaso Pio Boggiani, Italian cardinal (b. 1863)
1950 - Harry Lauder, Scottish entertainer (b. 1870)
1952 - Theodoros Pangalos, Greek interim leader (b. 1878)
1961 – King Mohammed V of Morocco (b. 1909)
1964 - Homer Martin Atkins, American politician, 32nd Governor of Arkansas (b. 1890)
1966 - Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Indian freedom fighter and writer (b. 1883)
1969 – Karl Jaspers, German psychiatrist (b. 1883)
1969 – Levi Eshkol, Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1895)
1971 - Fernandel, French actor (b. 1903)
1981 - Howard Hanson, American composer (b. 1896)
1985 – Tjalling Koopmans, Dutch economist (b. 1910)
1989 – Roy Eldridge, American musician (b. 1911)
1994 – Bill Hicks, American comedian (b. 1961)
1995 – Jack Clayton, British movie director (b. 1921)
1998 – Theodore Schultz, American economist (b. 1902)
1998 - James Algar, American director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1912)
From 2001
2001 - Arturo Uslar Pietri, Venezuelan writer (b. 1906)
2002 – Lawrence Tierney, American actor (b. 1919)
2004 – Boris Trajkovski, President of Macedonia (b. 1956)
2004 - Shankarrao Chavan, Indian politician (b. 1929)
2009 – Ruth Drexel, German actress (b. 1930)
2009 – Wendy Richard, British actress (b. 1943)
2009 - Norm Van Lier, American basketball player (b. 1947)
2011 – Arnost Lustig, Czech writer (b. 1926)
2012 - Trayvon Martin, American teenager (shot) (b. 1995)
2013 - Marie-Claire Alain, French organist and teacher (b. 1926)
2013 - Stéphane Hessel, German-born French writer, diplomat and Resistance activist (b. 1917)
2014 - Sorel Etrog, Romanian-Canadian sculptor, painter and illustrator (b. 1935)
2014 - Gordon Nutt, English footballer (b. 1932)
2014 - Tim Wilson, American comedian and country music singer (b. 1961)
2015 - Theodore Hesburgh, American professor and Roman Catholic priest (b. 1917)
2015 - Martha Cohen, Canadian philanthropist (b. 1920)
2015 - Fritz J. Raddatz, German writer (b. 1931)
2015 - Avijit Roy, Bangladeshi/American blogger
2015 - Tom Schweich, American politician (b. 1961)
2015 - Earl Lloyd, American basketball player (b. 1925)
2016 - Andy Bathgate, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1932)
2016 - Don Getty, Canadian politician, Premier of Alberta (b. 1933)
2016 - Eri Klas, Estonian conductor (b. 1939)
2016 - Karl Dedecius, Polish-German translator (b. 1921)
2017 - Ludvig Faddeev, Russian physicist and mathematician (b. 1934)
2017 - Gerald Kaufman, English politician (b. 1930)
2017 - Joseph Wapner, American judge and television personality (b. 1913)
2017 - Eugene Garfield, American linguist (b. 1925)
2017 - Ned Garver, American baseball player (b. 1925)
2017 - Preben Hertoft, Danish sexologist (b. 1928)
2018 - Mies Bouwman, Dutch television presenter (b. 1929)
2018 - Giorgi Maisashvili, Georgian economist and politician (b. 1962)
Observances
Liberation Day in Kuwait
Savior's Day (Nation of Islam)
Days of the year |
9848 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2027 | February 27 |
Events
Up to 1900
425 – The University of Constantinople is founded.
907 - Abaoji, a Khitan chieftain, is enthroned as Emperor Taizu, creating the Liao Dynasty in Northern China.
1560 – The Treaty of Berwick, expelling the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation of Scotland.
1594 – Henry IV of France is crowned king.
1617 - Sweden and Russia sign the Treaty of Stolbovo.
1626 - Yuan Chonghuan is appointed Governor of Liaodong, after he led the Chinese to a great victory over the Manchurians under Nurhaci.
1655 - The lighthouse at Lindesnes, the southernmost tip of Norway, is first lit, with 13 candles.
1700 – The island of New Britain is first reached by a European, on an expedition led by William Dampier.
1776 - American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge in North Carolina breaks up a Loyalist militia.
1782 - American Revolutionary War: The British House of Commons votes against further war in America.
1812 – Near the city of Rosario, Manuel Belgrano raises what later develops into the Flag of Argentina.
1844 – The Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti.
1860 – Abraham Lincoln makes a speech at Cooper Union in New York City that contributes to him being elected US President.
1861 – Russian troops kill 5 protesters in Warsaw.
1864 – American Civil War: The first northern prisoners arrive the Confederate prison at Andersonville, Georgia.
1870 – The Flag of Japan is adopted as the national flag on merchant ships.
1881 - First Boer War: The Battle of Majuba Hill takes place.
1898 - George I of Greece survives an assassination attempt.
1900 – The UK Labour Party is founded.
1900 - Second Boer War: In South Africa, British officers receive an unconditional notice of surrender from Boer General Piet Cronje at the Battle of Paardeberg.
1901 2000
1912 - In Sudan, the first rail track from Khartoum to El Obeid opened.
1916 - British passenger steamer Maloja is sunk by a German U-boat two miles from Dover, killing 155 people.
1921 – The International Union of Socialist Parties is founded in Vienna.
1925 - Adolf Hitler re-founds the Nazi Party in Munich, ordering it to be built up on a national level.
1930 – Bouvet Island becomes a dependent territory of Norway.
1932 - Nature magazine releases an article by James Chadwick, describing the existence of the neutron.
1933 – The Reichstag building in Berlin is set on fire.
1939 - The United States Supreme Court rules sit-in protests as illegal.
1940 – Martin Kamen and Sam Ruben discover Carbon-14.
1942 – World War II: The Battle of the Java Sea begins.
1943 – The Smith Mine #3 in Bearcreek, Montana, explodes, killing 74 men.
1943 - The Rosenstrasse protest begins in Berlin.
1948 – President of Finland Juho Kusti Paasikivi signs a defence treaty with Joseph Stalin.
1951 – The 22nd Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, limiting the US President to two terms in office.
1961 – The first Congress of the Spanish Trade Union Organisation is inaugurated.
1962 - Two dissident Vietnam Air Force pilots bomb the Independence Palace in Saigon in a failed attempt to kill South Vietnamese leader Ngo Dinh Diem.
1963 – Juan Bosch is elected President of the Dominican Republic.
1964 - The Italian Government asks for help to keep the Leaning Tower of Pisa from toppling over.
1973 – Wounded Knee Incident standoff at the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota begins.
1976 – The former Spanish territory of Western Sahara declares its independence.
1986 - The United States Senate allows its debates to be televised on a trial basis.
1988 - A violent pogrom takes place against the Armenian Community in Sumgait, Azerbaijan.
1989 - Venezuela is rocked by the Caracazo riots.
1991 – US President George H. W. Bush declares that "Kuwait is liberated".
1992 - Jack Unterweger is arrested by FBI agents in Miami, Florida on suspicion of several murders.
1993 - Niger holds its first Presidential Election.
1994 - The 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, come to an end.
1995 - A terrorist explosion in a market in the city of Zakho in Iraqi Kurdistan kills around 100 people and injures over 150.
From 2001
2002 – Godhra train bombing: A Muslim mob kills 59 Hindu pilgrims returning from Ayodhya.
2002 – Ryanair Flight 296 catches fire at Stansted Airport. The evacuation procedures later come in for criticism.
2004 – The bombing of Superferry 14 by Abu Sayyaf in the Philippines kills 116 people.
2004 - The initial version of the John Jay Report is released into the Catholic sex abuse scandal in the United States.
2005 - Million Dollar Baby is the most successful movie at the 77th Academy Awards ceremony.
2007 – The Shanghai Stock Exchange falls by 9%, its largest drop in 10 years.
2010 – 2010 Cauquenes earthquake: A major magnitude 8.8 earthquake hits Chile, killing around 500 people.
2015 - Russian opposition politician Boris Nemtsov is shot dead by an unknown assailant shortly before midnight.
Births
Up to 1900
272 – Constantine, Roman Emperor (d. 337)
1572 - Francis II, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1632)
1689 – Pietro Gnocchi, Italian composer, choir director, historian and geographer (d. 1775)
1711 – Constantine Mavrocordates, Prince of Wallachia and Moldavia (d. 1769)
1767 - Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure, French politician (d. 1855)
1789 – Manuel Rodriguez, Chilean lawyer and guerrilla (d. 1818)
1795 - José Antonio Navarro, American statesman, revolutionary and politician from Texas (d. 1871)
1799 - Edward Belcher, British polar explorer (d. 1877)
1807 – Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, American poet (d. 1882)
1809 - Jean-Charles Cornay, French missionary and saint (d. 1837)
1814 - Samuel Kleinschmidt, German-Greenlandic linguist (d. 1886)
1831 - Nikolai Ge, Russian painter (d. 1894)
1836 - Russell A. Alger, Governor of Michigan (d. 1907)
1846 - Simon Bamberger, Governor of Utah (d. 1926)
1856 - Mattia Battistini, Italian baritone (d. 1928)
1859 – Bertha Pappenheim, German activist and writer (d. 1936)
1861 – Rudolf Steiner, Austrian philosopher (d. 1925)
1862 – Anastasios Metaxas, Greek architect and shooter (d. 1937)
1863 - Joaquin Sorolla, Spanish painter (d. 1923)
1863 - George Herbert Mead, American philosopher and psychologist (d. 1931)
1867 - Irving Fisher, American economist (d. 1947)
1870 - Louis Coerne, American composer and music educator (d. 1922)
1872 - Alexandru Vaida-Voevod, Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1950)
1874 - F. M. Cornford, English classical scholar and translator (d. 1943)
1875 - Manuel Ugarte, Argentine politician (d. 1951)
1877 – Adela Verne, English pianist (d. 1952)
1878 – Alvan T. Fuller, 50th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1958)
1879 – Rene Lefebvre, martyr of the French Resistance (d. 1944)
1881 – Sveinn Björnsson, 1st President of Iceland (d. 1952)
1882 - Burton K. Wheeler, American politician (d. 1975)
1886 – Hugo Black, United States Supreme Court Justice (d. 1971)
1887 - Pyotr Nesterov, Russian pilot and aircraft designer (d. 1914)
1888 - Arthur M. Schlesinger, Sr., American historian (d. 1965)
1888 – Lotte Lehmann, German singer (d. 1976)
1891 – Anne Samson, Canadian nun and supercentenarian (d. 2004)
1891 – David Sarnoff, Russian-born broadcast pioneer (d. 1971)
1892 – William Demarest, American actor (d. 1983)
1895 - Miyagiyama Fukumatsu, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1943)
1897 – Marian Anderson, American contralto (d. 1993)
1897 - Bernard Lyot, French astronomer (d. 1952)
1899 - Charles Best, Canadian scientist (d. 1978)
1901 1950
1901 – Marino Marini, Italian artist and sculptor (d. 1980)
1902 – John Steinbeck, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)
1903 - Ion Irimescu, Romanian sculptor and sketcher (d. 2005)
1903 - Grethe Weiser, German actress (d. 1970)
1904 - Yulii Borisovich Khariton, Russian physicist (d. 1996)
1904 - Chick Fullis, American baseball player (d. 1946)
1905 - Franchot Tone, American actor (d. 1968)
1907 - Mildred Bailey, American singer (d. 1951)
1910 - Genrikh Gasparyan, Armenian chess player and composer (d. 1995)
1910 – Joan Bennett, American actress (d. 1990)
1912 – Lawrence Durrell, English writer (d. 1990)
1913 – Paul Ricoeur, French philosopher (d. 2005)
1913 – Kazimierz Sabbat, Polish politician (d. 1989)
1917 – John Connally, 39th Governor of Texas and 61st United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1993)
1921 - Theodore Van Kirk, American soldier, pilot and navigator (d. 2014)
1923 - Alejandro Zaffaroni, Uruguayan-American chemist and entrepreneur (d. 2014)
1923 - Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1990)
1926 – David H. Hubel, Canadian neuroscientist (d. 2013)
1927 - Lynn Cartwright, American actress (d. 2004)
1927 - Guy Mitchell, American singer (d. 1999)
1928 – Alfred Hrdlicka, Austrian artist, sculptor and writer (d. 2009)
1928 - Jean Joubert, French novelist, short story writer and poet (d. 2015)
1928 – Ariel Sharon, former Prime Minister of Israel (d. 2014)
1929 – Djalma Santos, Brazilian footballer (d. 2013)
1930 – Joanne Woodward, American actress
1932 – Elizabeth Taylor, British-American actress (d. 2011)
1932 - Ernst Hinterseer, Austrian skier
1934 – Ralph Nader, American consumer activist
1934 - Michiko Maeda, Japanese actress
1935 - Alberto Remedios, operatic tenor
1935 - Mirella Freni, Italian soprano
1935 - Brian Heap, English biologist and academic
1936 - Roger Mahony, American cardinal
1936 - Ron Barassi, Australian footballer and coach
1939 - Kenzo Takada, Japanese fashion designer
1939 - Don McKinnon, New Zealand politician
1939 - Antoinette Sibley, English ballerina
1940 - Loren Pankratz, American psychologist
1940 – Bill Hunter, Australian actor (d. 2011)
1941 – Paddy Ashdown, British politician
1942 – Robert H. Grubbs, American chemist
1942 – Klaus-Dieter Sieloff, German footballer (d. 2011)
1943 – Carlos Alberto Parreira, Brazilian football manager
1945 - Carl Anderson, American actor and singer (d. 2004)
1947 - Gidon Kremer, Latvian violinist and conductor
1948 - John Chittick, American health activist (d. 2017)
1950 - Julia Neuberger, English rabbi and politician
1950 - Annabel Goldie, Scottish politician
1951 1975
1951 - Lee Atwater, American political figure (d. 1991)
1953 - Ian Khama, President of Botswana
1953 - Gabriela Svobodova, Czech cross-country skier
1953 - Gavin Esler, British broadcaster
1953 - Yolande Moreau, Belgian comedian, actress, movie director and screenwriter
1957 - Viktor Markin, Soviet-Russian sprinter
1957 – Adrian Smith, English musician (Iron Maiden)
1957 – Timothy Spall, English actor
1958 - Maggie Hassan, Governor of New Hampshire
1959 – Johnny Van Zant, American singer (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
1960 – Carson Yeung, Hong Kong businessman
1962 - Adam Baldwin, American actor
1964 - Thomas Lange, German rower
1965 - Noah Emmerich, American actor
1966 – Baltasar Kormakur, Icelandic actor, director and producer
1969 - Gareth Llewellyn, Welsh rugby player
1969 - Stuart MacBride, Scottish author
1970 - Goran Markov, Macedonian footballer
1970 - Patricia Petibon, French soprano
1971 – Roman Giertych, Polish Minister of Education
1971 – Derren Brown, British illusionist
1973 – Peter Andre, British-Australian singer-songwriter, businessman and television personality
1974 – Colin Edwards, American motorcycle racer
1974 - Carte Goodwin, former United States Senator for West Virginia
1975 - Prodromos Korkizoglou, Greek decathlete
From 1976
1976 - Sergei Semak, Russian footballer
1978 – James Beattie, English footballer
1978 - Kakha Kaladze, Georgian footballer
1979 - Adriana Campos, Colombian actress (d. 2015)
1980 - Debbie Flood, British rower
1980 – Chelsea Clinton, daughter of Hillary Clinton and Bill Clinton
1980 – Bobby Valentino, American singer
1981 - Evi Goffin, Belgian singer-songwriter
1981 – Josh Groban, American singer
1982 - Bruno Soares, Brazilian tennis player
1982 - Amedy Coulibaly, French Islamic Jihadist (d. 2015)
1983 – Kate Mara, American actress
1984 – Lotta Schelin, Swedish footballer
1985 – Diniyar Bilyaletdinov, Russian footballer
1985 - Brandon Coburn, Canadian ice hockey player
1988 - Dustin Jeffrey, Canadian ice hockey player
1989 - Shota Shimizu, Japanese musician
1989 - Stephen Kiprotich, Ugandan long-distance runner
1989 - Brittany Ashton Holmes, American actress
1992 - Jonjo Shelvey, English footballer
1992 - Callum Wilson, English footballer
1992 - Meyers Leonard, American basketball player
1994 - Hou Yifan, Chinese chess player
1996 - Marta Bassino, Italian skier
Deaths
Up to 1900
640 - Pepin the Elder, Frankish Mayor of the Palace (b. 580)
956 - Patriarch Theophylact of Constantinople (b. 917)
1659 - Henry Dunster, first President of Harvard College (b. 1609)
1706 – John Evelyn, English diarist (b. 1620)
1735 – John Arbuthnot, English physician and writer (b. 1667)
1795 - Tanikaze Kajinosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1750)
1844 - Nicholas Biddle, American banker (b. 1786)
1850 - Samuel Adams, Governor of Arkansas (b. 1805)
1874 - Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Cuban revolutionary (b. 1819)
1887 – Alexander Borodin, Russian composer (b. 1833)
1892 – Louis Vuitton, French designer (b. 1821)
1901 2000
1905 - George S. Boutwell, Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1818)
1906 - Samuel Pierpoint Langley, American astrophysicist (b. 1834)
1931 – Chandrasekhar Azad, Indian revolutionary (b. 1906)
1936 – Ivan Pavlov, Russian physiologist (b. 1849)
1936 - Joshua W. Alexander, United States Secretary of Commerce (b. 1852)
1937 - Emily Malbone Morgan, American saint (b. 1862)
1939 – Nadezhda Krupskaya, Russian revolutionary (b. 1869)
1941 - William D. Byron, American politician (b. 1895)
1943 – Kostis Palamas, Greek poet (b. 1859)
1956 - Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar, Indian politician (b. 1888)
1970 – Marie Dionne, one of the Dionne quintuplets (b. 1934)
1972 - Pat Brady, American actor and singer (b. 1914)
1973 - Bill Everett, American comic book artist (b. 1917)
1985 – Henry Cabot Lodge, American politician (b. 1902)
1986 – Jacques Plante, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)
1987 - Joan Greenwood, English actress and director (b. 1921)
1989 – Konrad Lorenz, Austrian zoologist (b. 1903)
1993 – Lillian Gish, American actress (b. 1893)
1998 – George H. Hitchings, American scientist (b. 1905)
1999 - Christine Glanville, British puppeteer (b. 1924)
From 2001
2002 – Spike Milligan, Irish-born comedian (b. 1918)
2003 – Fred Rogers, American children's television actor (b. 1928)
2003 - John Lanchbery, English-Australian composer and conductor (b. 1923)
2006 - Linda Smith, British comedienne (b. 1958)
2007 - Bobby Rosengarden, American jazz drummer (b. 1924)
2008 – Ivan Rebroff, German singer (b. 1931)
2008 – William F. Buckley, Jr., American writer and commentator (b. 1925)
2009 – Manea Manescu, Romanian Prime Minister (b. 1916)
2010 – Wendy Toye, British actress (b. 1917)
2011 – Necmettin Erbakan, Turkish Prime Minister (b. 1926)
2011 – Frank Buckles, American World War I veteran and supercentenarian (b. 1901)
2013 - Van Cliburn, American pianist (b. 1934)
2013 - Ramon Dekkers, Dutch kickboxer (b. 1969)
2013 - Dale Robertson, American actor (b. 1923)
2014 - Jan Hoet, Belgian art historian (b. 1936)
2014 - Huber Matos, Cuban dissident, activist and writer (b. 1918)
2014 - Aaron Allston, American game designer and science fiction author (b. 1960)
2015 - Bohdan Tomaszewski, Polish sports commentator (b. 1921)
2015 - Richard Bakalyan, American actor (b. 1931)
2015 - Bob Benmosche, American executive (b. 1944)
2015 - Mykhailo Chechetov, Ukrainian politician (b. 1953)
2015 - Leonard Nimoy, American actor (b. 1931)
2015 - Boris Nemtsov, Russian politician (b. 1959)
2016 - Rajesh Pillai, Indian film director (b. 1974)
2017 - John Harlan, American radio and television announcer (b. 1925)
2017 - Carlos Humberto Romero, President of El Salvador (b. 1924)
2018 - Quini, Spanish footballer (b. 1949)
2018 - William H. T. Bush, American businessman (b. 1938)
Observances
National Day of the Dominican Republic
Days of the year |
9849 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/February%2028 | February 28 | In a common year this is the last day of February, and the next day is March 1. In Leap years, February 28 is followed by February 29. In some countries, people born on that date, legally reach the ages of 18 and 21 on February 28.
Events
Up to 1900
202 BC – Emperor Gaozu of Han is crowned in China, marking the beginning of the Han Dynasty.
870 – The fourth council of Constantinople closes.
1246 - The Siege of Jaén ends in the context of the Spanish Reconquista, resulting in the Castilian takeover of the city from the Taifa of Jaén.
1525 – Aztec ruler Cuauhtemoc is executed by Hernan Cortes' forces.
1638 – The Scottish National Covenant is signed in Edinburgh.
1700 – In Sweden, this date is followed by March 1 instead of February 29, creating the Swedish calendar.
1710 - Battle of Helsingborg: 14,000 Danish invaders under Jorgen Rantzau are decisively defeated by an equally-sized Swedish force under Magnus Stenbock.
1784 – John Wesley charters the Methodist Church.
1811 - Cry of Asencio: Beginning of Uruguay's War of Independence.
1813 - In a treaty with Russia, Prussia changes sides from that of Napoleon Bonaparte to that of the coalition against him.
1827 - The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad is incorporated, offering commercial transportation of both people and freight, the first US railroad to do so.
1835 – The Kalevala, Finland's national epic, compiled by Elias Lönnrot, is published for the first time.
1838 – Robert Nelson proclaims the independence of Lower Canada (present-day Quebec).
1844 - A gun on USS Princeton explodes on a Potomac River cruise, including two united States cabinet members.
1847 - The Battle of the Sacramento River during the Mexican-American War is a decisive victory for the United States leading to the capture of Chihuahua.
1849 - Regular steamboat service between the east and west coasts of the United States begins with the arrival of the SS California in San Francisco Bay, over four months after it left New York City Harbor.
1854 - In Wisconsin, the Republican Party is founded. Abraham Lincoln is the party's first elected President in 1860.
1870 - The Bulgarian exarchate is created by decree of Sultan Abd-ul-Aziz of the Ottoman Empire.
1883 - The first vaudeville theatre opens in Boston, Massachusetts.
1885 - The American Telephone and Telegraph Company is incorporated in New York State.
1890 - In the Torres Strait, between Queensland, Australia, and Papua New Guinea, the ship HMS Quetta sinks after a rock collision, killing 134 people.
1893 - American battleship USS Indiana is launched.
1897 – Madagascar's last Queen, Ranavalona III, is deposed by French military forces.
1900 - Second Boer War: The 118-day Siege of Ladysmith ends.
1901 2000
1914 - Greeks living in Southern Albania declare the "Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus".
1922 – Egypt declares independence.
1928 – C.V. Raman discovers the Raman effect, on the spread of light.
1933 - Bertolt Brecht and Helene Weigel go into exile in Prague.
1935 – DuPont scientist Wallace Carothers invents nylon.
1939 - The erroneous word "dord" is discovered in the Webster's New International Dictionary, Second Edition, prompting an investigation.
1940 – Basketball is shown on television for the first time.
1942 – The heavy cruiser USS Houston is sunk in the Battle of Sunda Strait, killing 693 people. The same also happens to the HMAS Perth, on which 375 are killed.
1946 - French sports paper L'Equipe publishes its first edition.
1947 – 228 Incident: In Taiwan, civil disorder is put down with the loss of 30,000 lives.
1948 - A British police officer opens fire on a march of ex-servicemen in Accra, then-Gold Coast, present-day Ghana, killing 3, and sparking major riots.
1952 - End of the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo.
1953 – James D. Watson and Francis Crick announce that they have determined the chemical structure of DNA.
1958 – A school bus in Floyd County, Kentucky, hits a wrecker truck and plunges into the Lerisa Fork River, killing 26 children and the driver.
1960 - The 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California, end.
1972 - The United States and the People's Republic of China sign the Shanghai Communique in a step towards improving their diplomatic relations.
1974 - The United Kingdom General Election ends without either the Labour or Conservative Parties winning a parliamentary majority. Another election is held later in the year.
1975 – A tube train crashes at Moorgate Station in London, killing 43 people.
1980 – Andalusia approves its statute of autonomy through a referendum.
1983 – The final episode of M*A*S*H airs. It is one of the most watched shows in TV history with 125 million people watching.
1985 - The Provisional Irish Republican Army carries out a mortar attack on the Royal Ulster Constabulary police station in Newry, Northern Ireland, killing 9 officers.
1986 – Sweden's Prime Minister Olof Palme is shot dead.
1988 – The 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary end, with host nation Canada winning no gold medals.
1993 - The standoff lasting until April 19 at the compound of the Branch Davidians in Waco, Texas begins. This occurs when ATF and FBI agents raid it to arrest its leader David Koresh.
1997 – A magnitude 6.1 earthquake in Armenia and Azerbaijan kills around 1,100 people.
1997 – An earthquake in northern Iran kills around 3,000 people.
1997 – GRB 970228, a very luminous flash of gamma rays, strikes Earth for 80 seconds.
1998 – Kosovo War: Serbian police begin an offensive against the Kosovo Liberation Army.
From 2001
2001 – Ten people are killed in a train crash in Selby, Yorkshire.
2001 - The Nisqually earthquake at magnitude 6.8 strikes Washington State.
2002 - Religious violence in Gujarat: Two separate massacres kill a total of 166 people.
2002 - The twelve Eurozone countries officially give up their old currencies.
2003 - Vaclav Klaus is elected President of the Czech Republic.
2004 – 1 million people form a human chain in Taiwan, in memory of the 228 Incident.
2005 – In Al Hillah, Iraq, a bomb explodes outside a police training academy, killing 127 people.
2005 – In Lebanon the pro-Syrian Prime Minister Omar Karami resigns.
2008 - Dimitris Christofias becomes President of Cyprus.
2010 – The 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver end with host nation Canada winning the most gold medals.
2013 - Nicos Anastasiades becomes President of Cyprus.
2013 - Pope Benedict XVI officially resigns as Pope, as the first Pope to do so since 1415.
Births
Up to 1900
1155 – Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England (d. 1183)
1261 – Margaret of Scotland, Queen of Norway (d. 1283)
1533 – Michel de Montaigne, French writer (d. 1592)
1552 – Jost Buergi, Swiss clock maker (d. 1632)
1612 – John Pearson, English theologian (d. 1686)
1619 - Giuseppe Felice Tosi, Italian organist and composer (d. 1693)
1670 - Benjamin Wadsworth, American President of Harvard University (d. 1737)
1704 – Louis Godin, French astronomer (d. 1760)
1712 – Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, French military commander (d. 1759)
1743 – René-Just Hauy, French mineralogist (d. 1822)
1792 - Karl Ernst von Baer, German biologist, meteorologist and geographer (d. 1876)
1797 – Prince Frederick of the Netherlands (d. 1881)
1804 - Henry S. Foote, Governor of Mississippi (d. 1880)
1812 - Berthold Auerbach, German poet and writer (d. 1882)
1813 – Pomare IV, Queen of Tahiti (d. 1877)
1820 - John Tenniel, English illustrator, humourist and political cartoonist (d. 1914)
1824 – Charles Blondin, French tightrope walker (d. 1897)
1825 - Jean-Baptiste Arban, French composer (d. 1889)
1833 - Carl Hilty, Swiss philosopher, writer and lawyer (d. 1909)
1833 - Alfred von Schlieffen, German field marshal (d. 1913)
1838 - Maurice Levy, French engineer (d. 1910)
1840 - Henri Duveyrier, French explorer (d. 1892)
1851 - Samuel W. McCall, 47th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1923)
1858 - Tore Svennberg, Swedish actor and theatre director (d. 1941)
1863 - Gheorghe Marinescu, Romanian neurologist and neuropathologist (d. 1938)
1866 - Vyacheslav Ivanovich Ivanov, Russian poet (d. 1949)
1877 - Sergei Bortkiewicz, Russian composer (d. 1952)
1878 – Artur Kapp, Estonian composer (d. 1952)
1878 - Pierre Fatou, French mathematician (d. 1929)
1881 - Fernand Sanz, French cyclist (d. 1925)
1882 – José Vasconcelos, Mexican writer (d. 1959)
1883 - Sean Mac Diarmada, Irish political activist and revolutionary (d. 1916)
1884 - Ants Piip, 7th Prime Minister of Estonia (d. 1942)
1887 - William Zorach, Lithuanian-American sculptor, painter, printmaker and writer (d. 1966)
1889 - Pavel Dybenko, Russian revolutionary (d. 1938)
1893 - Vsevolod Pudovkin, Soviet-Russian movie maker (d. 1953)
1894 - Ben Hecht, American director, producer and screenwriter (d. 1964)
1895 – Marcel Pagnol, French writer, playwright and director (d. 1974)
1896 – Philip Showalter Hench, American physician (d. 1965)
1897 - Ruth Pitter, English poet (d. 1992)
1901 1950
1901 – Linus Pauling, American scientist (d. 1994)
1903 – Vincente Minnelli, American movie director (d. 1986)
1906 – Bugsy Siegel, American gangster (d. 1947)
1907 - Milton Caniff, American comic creator (d. 1988)
1909 – Stephen Spender, English poet (d. 1995)
1912 – Clara Petacci, mistress to Benito Mussolini (d. 1945)
1915 – Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist (d. 1987)
1916 – Svend Asmussen, Danish jazz violinist (d. 2017)
1919 - Brian Urquhart, British World War II veteran and author
1920 - Jadwiga Pilsudska, Polish pilot (d. 2014)
1921 - Saul Zaentz, American movie producer (d. 2014)
1921 - Willi Sitte, German artist (d. 2013)
1922 - Yuri Lotman, Soviet philologist (d. 1993)
1923 - Charles Durning, American actor (d. 2012)
1924 - Robert A. Roe, American diplomat (d. 2014)
1926 – Svetlana Alliluyeva, Soviet-born American defector, writer and daughter of Joseph Stalin (d. 2011)
1929 – Frank Gehry, Canadian-American architect
1930 - Leon Cooper, American physicist
1930 - Gavin MacLeod, American actor
1930 – Marty Grosz, American musician
1931 - Dean Smith, American basketball coach (d. 2015)
1939 – Daniel C. Tsui, Chinese-born physicist
1940 – Aldo Andretti, Italian-born racing driver
1940 – Mario Andretti, Italian-born racing driver
1940 - Barry Fantoni, English author, comic strip cartoonist and jazz musician
1941 - Tristan Garel-Jones, Baron Garel-Jones, British politician
1941 – Suzanne Mubarak, former First Lady of Egypt
1942 – Brian Jones, English musician (Rolling Stones) (d. 1969)
1942 – Dino Zoff, Italian footballer
1942 - Frank Bonner, American actor
1943 - Charles Bernstein, American composer
1944 – Sepp Maier, German footballer
1944 - Storm Thorgerson, British graphic designer (d. 2013)
1944 – Kelly Bishop, American actress
1944 - Edward Greenspan, Canadian lawyer and author (d. 2014)
1945 – Bubba Smith, American football player and actor (d. 2011)
1946 – Robin Cook, British politician (d. 2005)
1947 – Stephanie Beacham, British actress
1947 – Togiola Tulafono, American Samoan politician
1948 – Steven Chu, American physicist
1948 - Bernadette Peters, American actress and singer
1948 - Alfred Sant, 11th Prime Minister of Malta
1950 - Frankie Kao, Taiwanese singer (d. 2014)
1951 1975
1951 - Roseanna Vitro, American jazz singer
1951 - Gustav Thöni, Italian skier
1952 - Frank Warren, English boxing manager and promoter
1953 – Paul Krugman, American economist
1955 - Jimmy Calderwood, Scottish footballer and manager
1956 - Gilbert Gottfried, American comedian
1956 – Tommy Remengesau, President of Palau (2001-2009 and since 2013)
1956 – Terry Leahy, British businessman
1957 - Jan Ceulemans, Belgian footballer
1957 – Ainsley Harriott, British chef
1957 – John Turturro, American actor
1958 – Natalya Estemirova, Russian activist (d. 2009)
1958 - Christina Lathan, German sprinter
1958 - Jeanne Mas, French singer-songwriter and actress
1958 - Jack Abramoff, American political lobbyist
1960 - Dorothy Stratten, American model and actress (d. 1980)
1961 - Mark Latham, Australian politician
1961 – Barry McGuigan, Irish boxer
1963 - Claudio Chiapucci, Italian cyclist
1965 - Colum McCann, Irish writer
1966 - Paulo Futre, Portuguese footballer
1966 - Archbishop Jovan VI of Ohrid
1969 – Robert Sean Leonard, American actor
1969 - Murray Gold, British movie score composer
1969 - Eva Glawischnig-Piesczek, Austrian politician
1969 - U. Srinivas, Indian mandolin player and composer (d. 2014)
1970 – Daniel Handler, American writer, better known as Lemony Snicket
1972 - Rory Cochrane, American actor
1973 - Eric Lindros, Canadian ice hockey player
1974 – Lee Carsley, Irish footballer
From 1976
1976 - Ali Larter, American actress
1977 - Jason Aldean, American country music singer
1978 – Benjamin Raich, Austrian skier
1978 – Mariano Zabaleta, Argentine tennis player
1979 – Ivo Karlovic, Croatian tennis player
1979 - Andriy Nesmachniy, Ukrainian footballer
1979 - Michael Bisping, English mixed martial artist and actor
1979 – Primoz Peterka, Slovenian ski jumper
1980 - Sigurd Pettersen, Norwegian ski jumper
1980 – Christian Poulsen, Danish footballer
1980 – Tayshaun Prince, American basketball player
1981 – Florent Serra, French tennis player
1982 - Yelena Slesarenko, Russian high jumper
1984 – Fredrik Stoor, Swedish footballer
1984 – Karolina Kurkova, Czech supermodel
1984 - Ben Fagan, American musician
1985 – Jelena Jankovic, Serbian tennis player
1985 - Diego Ribas da Cunha, Brazilian footballer
1987 - Antonio Candreva, Italian footballer
1989 - Angelababy, Chinese model, actress and singer
1989 - Charles Jenkins, American basketball player
1989 - Danielle Haim, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1989 - Zhang Liyin, Chinese singer
1990 - Naomi Broady, English tennis player
1990 - Georgina Leonidas, English actress
1991 - Sarah Bolger, Irish actress
1993 - Emmelie de Forest, Danish singer
1993 - Marquis Teague, American basketball player
1994 - Jake Bugg, British singer-songwriter
2000 - Moise Kean, Italian footballer
2007 – Princess Lalla Khadija of Morocco
Deaths
Up to 1900
468 – Pope Hilarius
1261 – Henry III, Duke of Brabant (b. 1230)
1326 – Duke Leopold I of Austria (b. 1290)
1453 - Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine (b. 1400)
1510 - Juan de la Cosa, Spanish cartographer and explorer
1525 – Cuauhtémoc, Aztec ruler
1572 - Aegidius Tschudi, Swiss historian (b. 1505)
1621 – Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1590)
1648 – King Christian IV of Denmark and Norway (b. 1577)
1836 – Friedrich August Grotefend, German philologist (b. 1798)
1844 - Thomas Walker Gilmer, Governor of Virginia (b. 1802)
1844 - Abel P. Upshur, American politician (b. 1790)
1869 - Alphonse de Lamartine, French writer and poet (b. 1790)
1891 - George Hearst, American politician and businessman (b. 1820)
1901 2000
1916 – Henry James, American writer (b. 1843)
1925 – Friedrich Ebert, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1871)
1926 - Alphonse Borrelly, French astronomer (b. 1842)
1932 - Guillaume Bigourdan, French astronomer (b. 1851)
1935 - Chiquinha Gonzaga, Brazilian pianist, composer and conductor (b. 1847)
1936 - Kamala Nehru, wife of Jawaharlal Nehru (b. 1899)
1936 – Charles Nicolle, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1928 (b. 1866)
1941 – King Alfonso XIII of Spain (b. 1886)
1942 – Karel Doorman, Dutch admiral (b. 1889)
1956 - Emile Buisson, French gangster (b. 1902)
1959 - Maxwell Anderson, American playwright (b. 1888)
1963 – Rajendra Prasad, first President of India (b. 1884)
1965 - Adolf Scharf, President of Austria (b. 1890)
1967 – Henry Luce, American publisher (b. 1898)
1974 - Bobby Bloom, American singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
1985 – David Byron, English singer (Uriah Heep) (b. 1947)
1986 – Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden (murdered) (b. 1927)
1986 – Laura Z. Hobson, American writer (b. 1900)
1993 - Ruby Keeler, Canadian actress and dancer (b. 1910)
1993 - Ishiro Honda, Japanese director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1911)
1998 - Arkady Shevchenko, Soviet diplomat (b. 1930)
1998 – Dermot Morgan, Irish actor and comedian (b. 1952)
From 2001
2002 – Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (b. 1920)
2003 – Fidel Sanchez Hernandez, President of El Salvador (b. 1917)
2003 - Chris Brasher, Guyanese-English runner and journalist (b. 1928)
2004 - Daniel J. Boorstin, American historian and librarian (b. 1914)
2004 - Carmen Laforet, Spanish writer (b. 1921)
2006 – Owen Chamberlain, American physicist (b. 1921)
2007 – Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., American historian and political commentator (b. 1917)
2009 – Paul Harvey, American radio broadcaster (b. 1918)
2011 – Annie Girardot, French actress (b. 1931)
2011 – Jane Russell, American actress (b. 1921)
2013 - Bruce Reynolds, British criminal (b. 1931)
2013 - Donald A. Glaser, American physicist (b. 1926)
2014 - Hugo Brandt Corstius, Dutch writer (b. 1935)
2014 - Michio Mado, Japanese poet (b. 1909)
2015 - Mykhailo Chechetov, Ukrainian-Russian politician (b. 1953)
2015 - Anthony Mason, American basketball player (b. 1966)
2015 - Yasar Kemal, Turkish author (b. 1923)
2016 - Frank Kelly, Irish actor (b. 1938)
2016 - George Kennedy, American actor (b. 1925)
2017 - Leone di Lernia, Italian radio host, singer, actor and composer (b. 1938)
2017 - Paul Kangas, American broadcaster (b. 1937)
2017 - Peter Mathews, Irish politician (b. 1951)
2017 - Vladimir Petrov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1947)
2017 - Elisabeth Waldheim, Austrian political figure (b. 1922)
2018 - Barry Crimmins, American comedian and social activist (b. 1953)
2018 - Rogelio Guerra, Mexican actor (b. 1936)
2018 - Jayendra Saraswathi, Indian guru (b. 1935)
2019 - André Previn, German-American pianist, comductor and composer (b. 1929)
Observances
Kalevala Day (Finland)
National Science Day (India)
Peace Memorial Day (Taiwan)
Teacher's Day (many Arab countries)
Regional Holiday (Andalusia)
Days of the year |
9850 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crater | Crater | A crater is a round dent on a planet. They are usually shaped like a circle or an oval. They are usually made by something like a meteor hitting the surface of a planet. Underground activity such as volcanoes or explosions can also cause them but it's not as likely.
Related pages
Volcanic crater
Caldera
Impact crater
References |
9852 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Store | Store | Store has several meanings:
A department store
A shop
Storage, a place for saving things
Basic English 850 words |
9853 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930 | 1930 |
Events
November 2 – Haile Selassie became King of Ethiopia
The Trump Building is built in New York City which is at the time the world's tallest building
The Chrysler Building surpasses The Trump Building and also claims world's tallest building
Births
January 3 - Robert Loggia, American actor (d. 2015)
January 10 - Roy E. Disney, American businessman (d. 2009)
January 20 – Buzz Aldrin, American astronaut
February 19 - John Frankenheimer, American movie director (d. 2002)
February 19 – Milenko Stefanovic, Serbian clarinet player
March 7 - Robert D. Cardona, American model-maker
March 22 – Pat Robertson, American preacher and television host
March 26 – Sandra Day O'Connor, US Supreme Court justice
April 3 – Helmut Kohl, former Chancellor of Germany
April 7 – Andrew Sachs, German born British actor
April 13 - Sergiu Nicolaescu, Romanian movie director (d. 2013)
April 15 – Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, 4th President of Iceland
April 28 - James Baker, former United States Secretary of State
May 8 – Gary Snyder, American writer
May 13 – Mike Gravel, former US Senator from Alaska (d. 2021)
May 21 – Malcolm Fraser, 22nd Prime Minister of Australia
May 31 – Clint Eastwood, American actor, director, producer
July 2 – Carlos Menem, President of Argentina (d. 2021)
July 4 – Frunzik Mkrtchyan, Soviet – Armenian actor (d. 1993)
July 4 – Johnny Saxton, American boxer
July 30 – Captain Lou Albano, Italian – American professional wrestler and manager (d. 2009)
August 1 - Lawrence Eagleburger, American diplomat (d. 2011)
August 5 – Neil Armstrong, American astronaut (d. 2012)
August 8 – Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib, Bengali Mother of the Nation (d. 1975)
August 10 - Barry Unsworth, British writer (d. 2012)
August 14 - Earl Weaver, American baseball manager (d. 2013)
August 21 – Princess Margaret of the United Kingdom (d. 2002)
August 25 – Sean Connery, Scottish actor (d. 2020)
August 28 - Ben Gazzara, American actor (d. 2012)
August 30 - Warren Buffett, American businessman
September 7 – Baudouin I, King of Belgium (d. 1993)
September 7 - Sonny Rollins, American musician
September 23 – Ray Charles, American singer and musician (d. 2004)
September 29 - Colin Dexter, British writer
October 1 – Philippe Noiret, French actor (d. 2006)
October 6 – Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (d. 2000)
October 10 - Harold Pinter, British playwright (d. 2008)
October 14 - Mobutu Sese Seko, leader of Zaire (d. 1998)
October 28 - Bernie Ecclestone, British racing executive
October 31 - Michael Collins, American astronaut (d. 2021)
November 15 - J. G. Ballard, British writer (d. 2009)
November 16 - Chinua Achebe, Nigerian writer (d. 2013)
December 2 - Gary Becker, American economist
December 8 - Maximilian Schell, Swiss-Austrian actor (d. 2014)
December 17 - Armin Mueller-Stahl, German actor
Deaths
March 8 - William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States (b. 1857)
March 19 – Arthur Balfour, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1848)
July 7 – Arthur Conan Doyle, Scottish writer and doctor (b. 1859)
September 29 - Ilya Repin, Ukrainian painter (b. 1844)
October 26 – Mary Harrison McKee, American First Lady, daughter of Benjamin Harrison (b. 1858)
after November 2 - Alfred Wegener, German geologist (b. 1880)
November 22 - Paul Raud, Estonian painter (b. 1865)
Movies released
All Quiet on the Western Front
Little Caesar
Nobel Prizes
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine won by Karl Landsteiner, Austrian doctor, (1868 – 1943) |
9855 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857 | 1857 |
Events
Indian Mutiny; Mangal Pandey, Rani of Jhansi
"Jingle Bells" is written and published in America
Births
5 April – Alexander of Battenberg
14 April - Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom; Prince Henry of Battenberg
June 11 – Antoni Grabowski
3 December – Joseph Conrad
Deaths
December 31 - Edward Williams Clay, American artist (b. 1799) |
9856 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1887 | 1887 |
Events
July 26 – L. L. Zamenhof published Esperanto
Births
March 22 – Chico Marx
December 25 – Conrad Hilton, American hotelier (d. 1979)
References |
9860 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%201 | March 1 |
Events
Up to 1800
293 - Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars.
1457 - The Unitas Fratrum is established in the village of Kunvald, Bohemian-Moravian Borderland. To date, it is the second-oldest Protestant denomination.
1476 - Battle of Toro: Forces of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain engage the combined Portuguese-Castilian armies of Afonso V of Portugal and the future-John II of Portugal.
1562 – Over 1,000 Huguenots are massacred by Catholics in Wassy, France marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.
1565 – The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded.
1593 - The Uppsala Synod is summoned to confirm the exact form of the Lutheran Church in Sweden.
1628 – Writs are issued in February by Charles I of England that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date.
1633 – Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France on behalf of Cardinal Richelieu.
1642 – Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine) becomes the first incorporated city in America.
1692 – The Salem witch trials begin in Salem Village, Massachusetts.
1694 - A major storm in the Strait of Gibraltar sinks a total of nine ships, including seven English warships, killing 823 people.
1700 – Sweden introduces its own Swedish calendar, in an attempt to reform into the Gregorian calendar, then reverts to the Julian calendar on this date in 1712, and then introduces the Gregorian Calendar on this date in 1753.
1781 – The Continental Congress adopts the Articles of Confederation.
1790 – The first United States census is authorized.
1801 1900
1803 – Ohio is admitted as the 17th U.S. state.
1805 – Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial by the U.S. Senate.
1809 - The Illinois Territory is separated from the Indiana Territory.
1811 – Leaders of the Mameluke dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali.
1815 – Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on Elba.
1836 – A Convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.
1840 – Adolphe Thiers becomes prime minister of France.
1845 – US President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.
1847 - The State of Michigan officially gets rid of capital punishment.
1852 – Archibald William Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
1854 – German psychologist Friedrich Eduard Beneke disappears; two years later his remains are found in the canal near Charlottenburg.
1867 – Nebraska becomes the 37th U.S. state; Lancaster, Nebraska is renamed Lincoln and becomes the state capital.
1870 - The death of President Francisco Solano Lopez of Paraguay ends the War of the Triple Alliance.
1872 – Yellowstone National Park is established as the world's first national park.
1873 – E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, start production of the first practical typewriter.
1873 – Henry Comstock discovers the Comstock Lode in Virginia City, Nevada.
1879 - War of the Pacific: Bolivia declares war on Chile after its occupation of the port city of Antofagasta.
1886 – Anglo-Chinese School was founded in Singapore by Bishop William Oldham.
1893 - Nikola Tesla gives the first public demonstration of radio in St. Louis, Missouri.
1896 – Battle of Adowa, in which Ethiopia defended its independence against Italy, begins. The Italian invasion, with 100,000 troops, is defeated, ending the First Italo-Abyssinian War.
1896 – Henri Becquerel discovers radioactivity.
1901 - 1950
1901 - The Australian Army is founded.
1910 - The deadliest avalanche in US history buries a Great Northern Railway train in Wellington, Northeastern King County, Washington, killing 96 people.
1912 – Albert Berry makes the first parachute jump from a moving airplane.
1914 – The Republic of China joins the Universal Postal Union.
1917 – U.S. government releases the plaintext of the Zimmermann Telegram to the public.
1918 – German submarine Unterseeboot 19 (U-19) sinks HMS Calgarian off Rathlin Island.
1919 – March 1st Movement begins in Korea.
1920 - Hungary's parliament elects Miklos Horthy as regent.
1921 - The Australian cricket team wins all of its games in The Ashes series against England, while being captained by Warwick Armstrong. They do not repeat this feat again until the beginning of 2007.
1925 - The Schilling becomes the official currency of Austria.
1932 – The son of Charles Lindbergh, Charles Augustus Lindbergh III, is kidnapped. He is later found dead.
1936 – The Hoover Dam is completed, on the border of Arizona and Nevada.
1939 - A Japanese Imperial Army ammunition dump explodes at Hirakata, Osaka, killing 94 people.
1941 – World War II: Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact thus joining the Axis powers.
1941 – W47NV (now known as WSM-FM) begins operations in Nashville, Tennessee, becoming the first FM radio station in the U.S..
1946 – The Bank of England is nationalised.
1947 – The International Monetary Fund begins financial operations.
1949 – Indonesia seizes Yogyakarta from the Dutch.
1950 - Chiang Kai-shek declares the Republic of China on Taiwan.
1950 – Cold War: Klaus Fuchs is convicted of spying for the Soviet Union by giving them top secret atomic bomb data.
1951 2000
1953 – Joseph Stalin collapses, having suffered a stroke. He dies four days later.
1954 – Nuclear testing: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.
1954 – Puerto Rican nationalists attack the United States Capitol building, injuring five Representatives.
1955 – Allen Fieldhouse at the University of Kansas hosts its first college basketball game.
1956 – The International Air Transport Association finalizes a draft of the Radiotelephony spelling alphabet for the International Civil Aviation Organization.
1958 – Samuel Alphonsus Stritch, is appointed Pro-Perfect of the Propagation of Faith and thus becomes the first American member of the Roman Curia.
1961 – President of the United States John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps.
1961 – Uganda becomes self-governing as its first elections held.
1962 – American Airlines Flight 1 crashes on takeoff in New York.
1966 – Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.
1966 – The Ba'ath Party takes power in Syria.
1969 – During a performance at Miami's Dinner Key Auditorium, Jim Morrison of the Doors is arrested for exposing himself during the show.
1969 – John Kerry officially leaves active duty in Vietnam.
1971 – A bomb explodes in a men's room in the White House; the Weather Underground claims responsibility.
1971 – Pakistani President Yahya Khan indefinitely postponed the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.
1972 – The Thai province of Yasothon is created after being split off from the Ubon Ratchathani province.
1974 – Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice.
1975 – Colour television transmissions begin in Australia.
1978 – Charlie Chaplin's coffin is stolen from a Swiss cemetery.
1979 - In a devolution referendum, a majority of voters in Scotland support the proposal for more powers, but this is rejected because of a low turnout. A similar proposal in Wales is rejected by a majority of voters.
1980 – Voyager 1 probe confirms that Janus (moon of Saturn) exists.
1983 – Swatch introduces their first timepieces.
1989 – The United States becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1989 - Beer is legalised in Iceland.
1990 – Steve Jackson Games is raided by the United States Secret Service, prompting the later formation of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
1992 - Bosnia and Herzegovina declares independence.
1994 - South Africa hands Walvis Bay over to Namibian control.
1994 – Seattle grunge band Nirvana play their last show in Munich, Germany.
1995 – Polish Prime Minister Waldemar Pawlak resigns from parliament and is replaced by ex-communist Józef Oleksy.
1995 - Yahoo! is incorporated.
1998 - Titanic becomes the first movie to earn over a billion United States Dollars worldwide.
2000 – The Constitution of Finland is rewritten. On the same day, Tarja Halonen becomes Finland's first female President.
2000 – Hans Blix assumes the position of Executive Chairman of UNMOVIC.
From 2001
2002 – United States war in Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins in eastern Afghanistan.
2002 – The Envisat environmental satellite successfully reaches an orbit 800 kilometers (500 miles) above the Earth on its 11th launch, carrying the heaviest payload to date at 8500 kilograms (9.5 tons).
2002 – The peseta is discontinued as official currency of Spain and is replaced with the euro (€). The same happens with the old currencies of the then-12 other Eurozone countries.
2003 – Management of the United States Customs Service and the United States Secret Service move to the United States Department of Homeland Security.
2004 – Terry Nichols is convicted of state murder charges and accomplice to the Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh starts his trial in McAlester, Oklahoma.
2004 – The TV game show The Price is Right airs its 6,000th episode.
2004 – Punycode adopted by the national registrars of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.
2004 – Mohammed Bahr al-Uloum becomes President of Iraq.
2005 - Tabaré Vazquez becomes President of Uruguay.
2006 – The English-language Wikipedia publishes its 1,000,000th article, on Jordanhill Railway Station in Scotland.
2006 - The Senedd building in Cardiff, housing the Welsh National Assembly, is officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II.
2007 - A tornado outbreak in the Southern United States kills 20 people, including 8 at a High School in Enterprise, Alabama.
2007 - "Squatters" are evicted from Ungdomshuset in Copenhagen, Denmark. Riots start shortly after.
2008 - Armenian police clash with a peaceful protest against disputed election results. 10 people are killed.
2010 - José Mujica becomes President of Uruguay.
2012 - Sauli Niinistö becomes President of Finland, succeeding Tarja Halonen.
2014 - Euromaidan: Russia decides to intervene in Ukraine.
2014 - A knife attack at a station in Kunming, Southwestern China, kills 30 people.
2015 - Tabaré Vazquez becomes President of Uruguay for a second time.
2017 - Same-sex marriage becomes legal in Finland.
2018 - Carles Puigdemont gives up in his attempt to be reinstated as President of Catalonia, having been removed from this office by the Spanish government following the region's disputed referendum on independence from Spain in October 2017, and the resulting declaration of independence.
Births
Up to 1900
40 – Martial, Roman poet (d. 102)
1389 - Antonius of Florence, Archbishop of Florence (d. 1459)
1432 - Isabel of Coimbra, Queen of Portugal (d. 1455)
1445 – Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter (d. 1510)
1456 – Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary (d. 1516)
1547 - Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher (d. 1628)
1597 – Jean-Charles de la Faille, Flemish mathematician (d. 1652)
1611 - John Pell, English mathematician (d. 1685)
1644 - Simon Foucher, French philosopher (d. 1696)
1657 – Samuel Werenfels, Swiss theologian (d. 1740)
1683 – Caroline of Ansbach Queen Consort of George II of Great Britain and Ireland (d. 1737)
1683 – Tsangyang Gyatso, 6th Dalai Lama, Tibetan religious leader (d. 1706)
1732 – William Cushing, American jurist (d. 1810)
1760 - Francois Nicolas Leonard Buzot, French revolutionary (d. 1794)
1807 - Wilford Woodruff, American Mormon leader (d. 1898)
1808 - Edward "Ned" Kendall, American bandleader and instrumentalist (d. 1861)
1810 – Frédéric Chopin, Polish-French composer and pianist (d. 1849)
1812 – Augustus Pugin, English-born architect (d. 1852)
1812 - Nicolae Cretulescu, Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1900)
1837 - William Dean Howells, American writer and literary critic (d. 1920)
1841 - Blanche Bruce, American politician (d. 1898)
1842 - Nikolaos Gyzis, Greek artist (d. 1901)
1852 – Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (d. 1923)
1858 - Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (d. 1918)
1863 - Alexander Golovin, Russian painter (d. 1930)
1868 – Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, Bohemian noblewoman (d. 1914)
1875 – Sigurdur Eggerz, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1945)
1876 – Henri de Baillet-Latour, Belgian Olympic official (d. 1942)
1880 – Lytton Strachey, British writer (d. 1932)
1886 – Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian painter (d. 1980)
1889 – Watsuji Tetsuro, Japanese philosopher (d. 1960)
1892 – Ryunosuke Akutagawa, Japanese writer (d. 1927)
1897 - Shoghi Effendi, head of the Baha'i faith (d. 1957)
1899 - Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, German SS officer (d. 1972)
1901 1925
1904 – Glenn Miller, American bandleader (d. 1944)
1904 – Paul Hartman, American actor (d. 1973)
1906 - Pham Van Dong, Prime Minister of North Vietnam (d. 2000)
1910 – Archer John Porter Martin, British chemist (d. 2002)
1910 – David Niven, British actor (d. 1983)
1911 - Harry Golombek, British chess player (d. 1995)
1912 – Boris Chertok, Russian rocket scientist (d. 2011)
1912 - Mario Genta, Italian footballer (d. 1993)
1913 – Olafur Johannesson, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1984)
1914 – Ralph Ellison, American writer (d. 1994)
1918 - Marie-Louise Berneri, Italian anarchist and author (d. 1949)
1918 – Joao Goulart, President of Brazil (d. 1976)
1920 - Simon Pimenta, Indian cardinal (d. 2013)
1921 – Jack Clayton, British movie director (d. 1995)
1921 - Cameron Argetsinger, American racing driver, lawyer and auto racing executive (d. 2008)
1921 - Terence Cooke, American cardinal (d. 1985)
1922 – Yitzhak Rabin, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1995)
1922 - William Gaines, founder of MAD Magazine (d. 1992)
1924 - Deke Slayton, American soldier, pilot and astronaut (d. 1993)
1925 - Keith Harvey Miller, American politician, Governor of Alaska (d. 2019)
1925 - Alexandre do Nascimento, Angolan cardinal
1926 1950
1926 - Allan Stanley, Canadian ice hockey player
1927 – Harry Belafonte, American singer, musician and activist
1927 - Robert Bork, American legal scholar (d. 2012)
1927 - George O. Abell, American astronomer (d. 1983)
1928 - Jacques Rivette, French director and screenwriter (d. 2016)
1929 – Georgi Markov, Bulgarian dissident (d. 1978)
1931 – Lamberto Dini, Italian politician, 51st Prime Minister of Italy
1934 - Joan Hackett, American actress (d. 1983)
1935 - Jed Allan, American actor (d. 2019)
1935 - Robert Conrad, American actor
1936 - Luc Jochimsen, German journalist, sociologist and politician
1938 – Tufuga Efi, Samoan Head of State
1939 - Leo Brouwer, Cuban composer, conductor and classical guitarist
1940 - Robert Grossman, American painter, sculptor and author
1942 - Atanase Sciotnic, Romanian sprint canoeist (d. 2017)
1943 - Franz Hohler, Swiss singer and writer
1943 - Rashid Sunyaev, Russian-German astronomer
1943 - Jose Angel Iribar, Spanish footballer
1944 – Roger Daltrey, founder and lead singer of English rock band The Who
1944 – Mike d'Abo, British singer
1944 - Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Indian politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal
1945 - Uriarte, Spanish footballer
1946 - Jim Crace, English author
1946 - Lana Wood, American actress
1947 – Alan Thicke, Canadian actor and songwriter (d. 2016)
1949 – Carlos Soria, Argentine politician (d. 2012)
1951 1975
1952 – Martin O'Neill, Northern Irish football manager
1953 - Carlos Queiroz, Portuguese football manager
1954 – Ron Howard, American actor, director, and producer
1954 - Catherine Bach, American actress
1955 - Denis Mukwege, Congolese gynecologist and activist
1955 - Timothy Laurence, husband of Anne, Princess Royal
1956 – Dalia Grybauskaite, President of Lithuania
1956 - Helen Boaden, British BBC executive
1956 - Tim Daly, American actor
1958 – Bertrand Piccard, Swiss balloonist and psychiatrist
1958 - Nik Kersham, English singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer
1958 - Chosei Komatsu, Japanese conductor
1959 – Nick Griffin, British politician, leader of the British National Party
1961 - Koichi Hashiratani, Japanese footballer
1963 – Thomas Anders, German singer
1963 - Ron Francis, Canadian ice hockey player
1964 – Paul Le Guen, French football manager
1965 - Booker T, American professional wrestler
1966 - Zack Snyder, American director, producer and screenwriter
1967 - Yelena Afanasyeva, Russian athlete
1967 - George Eads, American actor
1967 – Aron Winter, Dutch footballer
1969 – Javier Bardem, Spanish actor
1969 – Dafydd Ieuan, Welsh musician
1971 - Tyler Hamilton, American cyclist
1973 – Ryan Peake, Canadian guitarist (Nickelback)
1973 – Chris Webber, American basketball player
1975 - Francesco Mazzariol, Italian rugby player
1975 - Valentina Monetta, Sammarinese singer
From 1976
1979 - Bruno Langlois, Canadian racing cyclist
1980 - Manmeet Bhullar, Canadian politician (d. 2015)
1980 – Djimi Traoré, Malian footballer
1980 - Anna Semenovich, Russian ice skater and singer
1981 - Brad Winchester, American ice hockey player
1982 - Juan Manuel Ortiz, Spanish footballer
1982 - Kim Min-hee, South Korean actress and model
1983 - Davey Richards, American wrestler
1983 - Lupita Nyong'o, Kenyan-Mexican actress
1983 - Daniel Carvalho, Brazilian footballer
1984 - Naima Mora, American model
1984 - Alexander Steen, Canadian-born Swedish ice hockey player
1984 – Patrick Helmes, German footballer
1985 – Andreas Ottl, German footballer
1985 - Yun Ok-Hee, South Korean archer
1986 - Big E Langston, American professional wrestler
1986 - Jonathan Spector, American footballer
1987 – Kesha, American singer
1987 – Sammie, American singer
1989 – Carlos Vela, Mexican footballer
1989 - Daniella Monet, American actress
1990 – Harry Eden, English actor
1990 - Qandeel Baloch, Pakistani singer, activist and internet celebrity (d. 2016)
1993 - Josh McEachran, British footballer
1993 – Syuusuke Saito, Japanese actor and singer
1993 - Michael Conforto, American baseball player
1994 - Justin Bieber, Canadian singer
1995 - Genta Miura, Japanese footballer
1996 - Ye Shiwen, Chinese swimmer
Deaths
Up to 1900
317 – Valerius Valens, Roman Emperor
492 - Pope Felix III
589 – Saint David, Patron Saint of Wales (b. 500)
986 – King Lothair of France (b. 941)
1131 – King Stephen II of Hungary (b. 1104)
1233 - Count Thomas I of Savoy (b. 1178)
1244 - Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr, son of Llywelyn the Great of Wales (b. 1200)
1320 - Buyantu Khagan, Mongolian Emperor (b. 1286)
1383 – Amadeus VI of Savoy (b. 1334)
1510 – Francisco de Almeida, Portuguese soldier and explorer
1546 – George Wishart, Scottish religious reformer (b. 1513)
1633 - George Herbert, English poet (b. 1593)
1643 - Girolamo Frescobaldi, Italian composer (b. 1583)
1697 - Francesco Redi, Italian physician (b. 1626)
1773 - Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian architect (b. 1700)
1792 – Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1747)
1865 - Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia, Queen of the Netherlands (b. 1795)
1865 - William Cannon, Governor of Delaware (b. 1809)
1870 - Francisco Solano Lopez, President of Paraguay (b. 1827)
1882 - Theodor Kullak, German pianist, composer and educator (b. 1818)
1884 - Isaac Todhunter, English mathematician (b. 1820)
1895 - Pauline Musters, Dutch shortest woman (b. 1876)
1901 2000
1906 - Jose Maria de Pereda, Spanish novelist (b. 1833)
1910 - Jose Domingo de Obaldia, 2nd President of Panama (b. 1845)
1911 – Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist (b. 1852)
1914 - Gilbert-Elliot-Murray-Kyrnynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, 8th Governor-General of Canada (b. 1845)
1920 - John H. Bankhead, United States Senator (b. 1842)
1920 - Joseph Trumpeldor, Russian soldier and activist (b. 1880)
1922 – Rafael Moreno Aranzadi, Spanish footballer (b. 1892)
1924 - Louis Perée, French fencer (b. 1871)
1924 - Princess Louise of Belgium (b. 1858)
1932 – Charles Augustus Lindbergh III, son of Charles Lindbergh (b. 1930)
1936 - Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian writer (b. 1871)
1938 – Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian writer and politician (b. 1863)
1940 – Anton Hansen Tammsaare, Estonian writer (b. 1878)
1952 – Mariano Azuela, Mexican writer (b. 1873)
1952 - Masao Kume, Japanese writer (b. 1891)
1966 - Fritz Houtermans, German physicist (b. 1903)
1970 - Lucille Hegamin, American singer and entertainer (b. 1894)
1970 - Toshio Iwatani, Japanese footballer (b. 1925)
1974 - Bobby Timmons, American jazz pianist (b. 1935)
1976 - Jean Martinon, French conductor and composer (b. 1910)
1978 - Paul Scott, British writer (b. 1920)
1979 - Mustafa Barzani, Kurdish politician (b. 1903)
1979 - Dolores Costello, American actress (b. 1903)
1980 – Dixie Dean, English footballer (b. 1907)
1981 - Roberto Francisco Chiari Remon, 31st President of Panama (b. 1905)
1984 – Jackie Coogan, American actor (b. 1914)
1987 - Bertrand de Jouvenel, French writer and philosopher (b. 1903)
1989 - Vasantdala Patil, Indian politician, 5th Chief Minister of Maharashtra (b. 1917)
1991 – Edwin H. Land, American scientist and inventor (b. 1909)
1995 – Vladislav Listyev, Russian journalist (b. 1956)
1995 – Georges J.F. Kohler, German biologist (b. 1946)
1998 - Archie Goodwin, American comic book writer, editor and artist (b. 1937)
From 2001
2002 - C. Farris Bryant, Governor of Florida (b. 1914)
2006 – Peter Osgood, English footballer (b. 1947)
2006 – Johnny Jackson, American musician (b. 1951)
2008 – Raul Reyes, Colombian FARC guerrilla (b. 1948)
2010 – Vladimir Ilyushin, Russian pilot (b. 1927)
2010 – Kristian Digby, British television presenter and director (b. 1977)
2011 - John Michael Lounge, American astronaut (b. 1946)
2012 – Lucio Dalla, Italian singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1943)
2013 - Bonnie Franklin, American actress (b. 1944)
2014 - Bangaru Laxman, Indian politician (b. 1939)
2014 - Alain Resnais, French movie director (b. 1922)
2014 - Nancy Charest, Canadian politician (b. 1959)
2014 - Werner Uebelmann, Swiss entrepreneur and writer (b. 1921)
2014 - Alejandro Zaffaroni, Uruguayan-American chemist and entrepreneur (b. 1923)
2015 - Wolfram Wuttke, German footballer (b. 1961)
2015 - Orrin Keepnews, American jazz record producer (b. 1923)
2015 - Minnie Miñoso, Cuban-American baseball player (b. 1925)
2015 - Joshua Fishman, American linguist (b. 1926)
2015 - Carel Visser, Dutch artist and sculptor (b. 1928)
2016 - Jean Miotte, French painter (b. 1926)
2016 - Martha Wright, American actress (b. 1923)
2017 - Tania Dalton, New Zealand netball player (b. 1971)
2017 - Taarak Mehta, Indian playwright and humourist (b. 1929)
2017 - John Hampshire, English cricketer (b. 1941)
2017 - Gustav Metzger, German-British artist and political activist (b. 1924)
2017 - David Rubinger, Austrian-born Israeli photographer (b. 1924)
2017 - Jins Shamsuddin, Malaysian actor, director and politician (b. 1935)
2017 - Paula Fox, American writer (b. 1923)
2017 - Pierre Guénin, French journalist and activist (b. 1927)
2017 - Yasuyuki Kuwahara, Japanese footballer (b. 1942)
2017 - Michael M. Ryan, American actor (b. 1929)
2017 - Alejandra Soler, Spanish politician (b. 1913)
2018 - Dorne Dibble, American football player (b. 1929)
2018 - Anatoly Lein, Russian-American chess player (b. 1931)
2018 - Luigi Taveri, Swiss motorcycle road racer (b. 1929)
2018 - Arabinda Muduli, Indian singer-songwriter (b. 1961)
2019 - Zhores Alferov, Soviet-Russian physicist (b. 1930)
2019 - Kumar Bhattacharyya, Baron Bhattacharyya, British-Indian engineer and politician (b. 1940)
2019 - Elly Mayday, Canadian model and women's health advocate (b. 1988)
2019 - Kevin Roche, Irish-American architect (b. 1922)
2019 - Peter van Gestel, Dutch children's writer (b. 1937)
Observances
Saint David's Day in Wales
Beer Day in Iceland
Independence Day in Bosnia and Herzegovina
March 1st Movement Remembrance Day (South Korea)
Balearic Islands Day
March 01 |
9861 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%202 | March 2 |
Events
Up to 1900
537 - Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under King Vitiges begins the siege of the city.
871 - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army at the Battle of Marton.
986 – Louis V becomes King of the Franks.
1127 – Assassination of Charles I, Count of Flanders.
1444 - Skanderbeg organizes a group of Albanian nobles to form the League of Lezhe.
1476 - Burgundian Wars: The Old Swiss Confederacy hands Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, a major defeat in the Battle of Grandson in the Canton of Neuchâtel.
1484 – The College of Arms is formally incorporated by a Royal Charter, signed by King Richard III of England.
1498 - Vasco da Gama's fleet visits the Island of Mozambique.
1561 - Mendoza, Argentina, is founded by Spanish conquistador Pedro del Castillo.
1657 - Great Fire of Meireki: A fire in Edo (now Tokyo) kills 100,000 people and lasts three days.
1776 - American Revolutionary War: Patriot militia units arrest the Royal Governor of Georgia, James Wright, and attempt to prevent capture of supply ships in the Battle of Rice Boats.
1791 - Long-distance communication speeds up with the unveiling of a semaphore machine in Paris.
1797 – The Bank of England issues the first one-pound and two-pound notes.
1798 – The Swiss Canton of Thurgau is created.
1807 - United States Congress bans the importation of more slaves into the country.
1811 - Argentine War of Independence: A royalist fleet defeats a small flotilla of revolutionary ships in the Battle of San Nicolas.
1815 - Signing of the Kandyan Convention Treaty between the British and the King of Sri Lanka.
1818 - Italian adventurer Giovanni Battista Belzani re-discovers the tomb in the Chephren Pyramid in Egypt, though he finds it empty.
1825 – Blida, in Algeria, is hit by an earthquake, killing 7,000 people.
1836 – The Republic of Texas declares its independence from Mexico.
1855 – Alexander II becomes Tsar of Russia.
1861 - The Dakota Territory is created, covering the current states of North Dakota, South Dakota and parts of Montana and Wyoming. Yankton, South Dakota is the territorial capital.
1877 – Rutherford B. Hayes is declared the winner of the 1876 US Presidential election, despite Samuel J. Tilden winning the popular vote.
1882 – Queen Victoria narrowly escapes an assassination attempt by Roderick McLean in Windsor.
1885 - Sino-French War: French victory in the Battle of Hoa Moc, near Tuyen Quang, North Vietnam.
1899 – The Mount Rainier National Park in the State of Washington, is created.
1901 2000
1903 - In New York City, the Martha Washington Hotel opens, the first hotel only to cater for women.
1917 - The Jones-Shafroth Act grants United States citizenship to people from Puerto Rico.
1919 - The first Communist International meets in Moscow.
1933 – The Sanriku earthquake in Japan, measuring at magnitude 8.4, kills almost 3,000 people.
1933 – The movie King Kong opens at New York City's Radio Music Hall.
1935 – Prajadhipok abdicates as King of Thailand, being succeeded by the 9-year-old Ananda Mahidol.
1939 – cardinal Eugenio Pacelli is elected Pope on his 63rd birthday. He chooses to be known as Pope Pius XII.
1943 – World War II: In the Battle of the Bismarck Sea, US and Australian forces sink Japanese convoy ships.
1946 – Ho Chi Minh is elected President of North Vietnam.
1949 – Captain James Gallagher lands his B-50 Superfortress Lucky Lady II airplane at Fort Worth, Texas, after flying non-stop around the world in 94 hours and 1 minute.
1949 – The first automatic street light is installed in New Milford, Connecticut.
1955 – Norodom Sihanouk abdicates as King of Cambodia, in favour of his father, Norodom Suramarit.
1956 – Morocco declares independence from France.
1958 – Edmund Hillary and Vivian Fuchs complete their crossing of Antarctica.
1962 – In Burma, the Army, led by Ne Win, seizes power in a coup.
1962 – Basketball: Wilt Chamberlain sets an NBA record by scoring 100 points in a single game.
1965 - United States and South Vietnamese Air Forces begin Operation Rolling Thunder, a sustained bombing campaign against North Vietnam.
1969 - Soviet and Chinese forces clash at the border outpost on the Ussuri River.
1969 – In Toulouse, the first test flight of Concorde is carried out.
1970 – Rhodesia declares itself a Republic.
1972 – The Pioneer 10 space probe is launched from Cape Canaveral in Florida.
1978 – Czechoslovakian Vladimir Remek becomes the first human in space who is neither Soviet or American.
1983 – Compact Discs and Compact Disc players are released in the United States, though they were already available in Japan.
1987 - The Chrysler Group takes over the American Motors Corporation.
1989 - 12 European Community nations agree to ban the production of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) by the end of the century.
1990 – Nelson Mandela is declared Deputy Head of the African National Congress.
1991 - Battle of Rumaila takes place at the end of the Gulf War.
1992 – San Marino joins the UN, along with the former Soviet States of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
1993 - The 1993 Storm of the Century begins to form in the North Atlantic Ocean.
1998 – Data sent from the Galileo spacecraft indicates that Jupiter's moon Europa has an ocean of liquid water under a thick crust of ice.
1998 – In Austria, 10-year-old Natascha Kampusch is kidnapped by Wolfgang Priklopil and is held in captivity until her escape in 2006, after which Priklopil commits suicide.
2000 – Former Chilean leader Augusto Pinochet is allowed to return home after the United Kingdom refused to extradite him to Spain on torture charges.
From 2001
2002 – As part of the US invasion of Afghanistan, Operation Anaconda is launched.
2004 – Iraq War: Al-Qaeda carries out the Ashoura Massacre in Kerbala, killing 270 people.
2004 – In the US, John Kerry becomes the Democrats' candidate for the US Presidential election, which he loses to George W. Bush eight months later.
2006 - The Nintendo DS goes on sale in Japan.
2008 – Dmitry Medvedev is elected President of Russia, due to Vladimir Putin's term limits, though Putin becomes Prime Minister.
2009 – President of Guinea-Bissau Joao Bernardo Vieira is killed in an armed attack on his home.
2012 – 27 people are killed as tornadoes sweep across the States of Indiana, Kentucky and Ohio.
2017 - Elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly are held after the collapse of the power-sharing government.
2019 - The SpX-DM1 space mission is launched; it is the first United States-launched manned mission since 2011.
Births
Up to 1900
959 - Emperor En'yu of Japan (d. 991)
1241 - Isabella of France, Queen of Navarre (d. 1271)
1316 – King Robert II of Scotland (d. 1390)
1459 – Pope Adrian VI (d. 1523)
1544 - Thomas Bodley, English diplomat and library founder (d. 1613)
1760 – Camille Desmoulins, French lawyer and journalist (d. 1794)
1769 - DeWitt Clinton, 6th Governor of New York (d. 1828)
1779 – Joel Roberts Poinsett, American statesman (d. 1851)
1793 – Sam Houston, President and Governor of Texas (d. 1863)
1800 – Yevgeny Baratynsky, Russian poet (d. 1844)
1810 – Pope Leo XIII (d. 1903)
1816 - Alexander Bullock, 26th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1882)
1820 – Multatuli, Dutch writer (d. 1887)
1824 – Bedřich Smetana, Czech composer (d. 1884)
1829 – Carl Schurz, German politician and revolutionary (d. 1906)
1836 - John W. Foster, United States Secretary of State (d. 1917)
1842 – Carl Jacobsen, Danish brewer (d. 1914)
1843 - Princess Maria Clotilde of Saxony (d. 1911)
1851 - Franz von Liszt, German jurist (d. 1919)
1859 – Sholom Aleichem, Russian novelist (d. 1916)
1860 - Susanna M. Salter, American politician (d. 1961)
1862 - Boris Borisovich Galitzine, Russian physicist (d. 1916)
1868 - Edmund Schulthess, Swiss politician (d. 1944)
1876 – Pope Pius XII (d. 1958)
1878 - Wander Johannes de Haas, Dutch physicist and mathematician (d. 1960)
1880 – Ivar Kreuger, Swedish industrialist, known for the match stick monopoly (d. 1932)
1883 - Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek writer (d. 1957)
1885 - Victor Houteff, Bulgarian religious reformer and writer (d. 1955)
1886 - Leo Gehr von Schweppenburg, German general (d. 1974)
1894 - Alexander Oparin, Soviet biochemist (d. 1980)
1900 – Kurt Weill, German-born American composer (d. 1950)
1901 1950
1901 - Grete Hermann, German mathematician (d. 1984)
1902 – Edward Condon, American physicist (d. 1974)
1904 – Dr. Seuss, American writer (d. 1991)
1905 - Marc Blitzstein, American composer (d. 1964)
1905 - Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón, 31st President of Panama (d. 1981)
1908 - Fyodor Matveyevich Okhlopkov, Soviet sniper (d. 1968)
1908 - Walter Bruch, German electrical engineer (d. 1990)
1909 - Mel Ott, American baseball player (d. 1958)
1912 – Henry Katzman, American composer and pianist (d. 2001)
1912 - William Thayer Tutt, American ice hockey executive (d. 1989)
1913 - Celedonio Romero, Spanish guitarist (d. 1996)
1914 - Martin Ritt, American movie director (d. 1990)
1917 – Desi Arnaz, Cuban-born actor, musician and bandleader (d. 1986)
1918 - Michael Rye, American voice actor (d. 2012)
1919 – Jennifer Jones, American actress (d. 2009)
1919 - Tamara Toumanova, Russian ballerina and actress (d. 1996)
1921 - Cornelius Edward Gallagher, American politician (d. 2018)
1921 - Kazimierz Gorski, Polish footballer (d. 2006)
1921 - Ernst Haas, Austrian photojournalist (d. 1986)
1922 - Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, American jazz tenor saxophonist (d. 1986)
1923 - Masao Ono, Japanese footballer (d. 2001)
1923 - Basil Hume, Archbishop of Westminster (d. 1999)
1923 - Orrin Keepnews, American songwriter and producer (d. 2015)
1923 - Dave Strack, American basketball coach (d. 2014)
1923 - Robert H. Michel, American soldier and politician (d. 2017)
1924 - Cal Abrams, American baseball player (d. 1997)
1926 - Murray Rothbard, American economist and philosopher (d. 1995)
1926 – George Patrick Leonard Walker, British volcanologist (d. 2005)
1926 - Bernard Agré, Ivorian cardinal (d. 2014)
1930 - John Cullum, American actor and singer
1930 - Pat Arrowsmith, British author and peace campaigner
1930 - Tom Wolfe, American writer (d. 2018)
1930 – Sergei Kovalev, Russian dissident and politician
1931 – Mikhail Gorbachev, President of the Soviet Union, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize
1931 - Jean Périmony, French actor and theatre director (d. 2017)
1932 – Gun Hägglund, Swedish television journalist (d. 2011)
1934 - Howard Cassady, American football player (d. 2019)
1937 – Abdelaziz Bouteflika, former President of Algeria (d. 2021)
1937 - Denny Crum, American basketball coach
1938 - Aleksandar Kostov, Bulgarian footballer (d. 2019)
1938 – Ricardo Lagos, former President of Chile
1939 - Irina Bogacheva, Russian mezzo-soprano (d. 2019)
1939 - Takako Shimazu, Japanese royal
1940 - Billy McNeill, Scottish footballer (d. 2019)
1940 - Mamnoon Hussain, 12th President of Pakistan
1940 – Lothar de Maizière, German lawyer and politician
1941 - John Cornell, Australian actor, director, producer and businessman
1941 - David Satcher, 16th Surgeon General of the United States
1942 - Kwang Jo Choi, Korean taekwondo champion
1942 – Lou Reed, American singer and guitarist (d. 2013)
1942 – Mir-Hossein Mousavi, Iranian politician
1942 – John Irving, American writer
1943 – Zygfryd Blaut, Polish footballer (d. 2005)
1943 - Tony Meehan, British musician (d. 2005)
1943 - B. Subhashan Reddy, Indian judge (d. 2019)
1944 – Uschi Glas, German actress
1947 – Harry Redknapp, English football manager
1947 – Yuri Matiyasevich, Russian mathematician
1947 - Glenn O'Brien, American journalist, editor and television presenter (d. 2017)
1948 – Larry Carlton, American musician
1948 - Jeff Kennett, Australian politician, 43rd Premier of Victoria
1948 - Rory Gallagher, Irish musician, songwriter and bandleader (d. 1995)
1949 - Alain Chamfort, French singer
1949 - Gates McFadden, American actress
1949 - J. P. R. Williams, Welsh rugby player
1950 – Karen Carpenter, American singer (d. 1983)
1951 1975
1951 – Dean Barrow, Prime Minister of Belize
1952 - Laraine Newman, American actress, comedienne and writer
1953 - Russ Feingold, American politician
1954 - Eddie Johnstone, Canadian ice hockey player
1955 - Jay Osmond, American drummer and singer
1955 - Ken Salazar, American politician
1955 – Shoko Asahara, Japanese cult leader (Aum Shinrikyo)
1956 – Mark Evans, Australian musician (AC/DC)
1956 - John Cowsill, American musician
1956 - Eduardo Rodriguez, former President of Bolivia
1957 - Mark Dean, American computer scientist
1958 – Ian Woosnam, Welsh golfer
1958 - Kevin Curren, South African tennis player
1959 - Larry Stewart, American singer
1960 - Debra Marshall, American wrestler, manager and actress
1961 - Simone Young, Australian conductor
1962 - Raimo Summanen, Finnish ice hockey player and coach
1962 - Morioka Hiroyuki, Japanese writer
1962 – Jon Bon Jovi, American musician (Bon Jovi)
1963 - Anthony Albanese, Australian politician
1963 - Henry Bolton, British politician, former leader of UKIP
1965 – Lembit Opik, British politician
1968 – Daniel Craig, British actor
1970 – Alexander Armstrong, British comedian and television presenter
1970 - James Purnell, British politician
1971 - Dave Gorman, British comedian
1971 – Lisa Lackey, Australian actress
1971 - Amber Smith, American actress and model
1971 - Method Man, American rapper, producer and actor
1971 - Norbert Hofer, Austrian politician
1972 – Mauricio Pochettino, Argentine footballer
1973 – Trevor Sinclair, English footballer
1973 - Dejan Bodiroga, Serbian basketball player
From 1976
1976 - França, Brazilian footballer
1977 – Chris Martin, English musician (Coldplay)
1977 – Andrew Strauss, English cricketer
1979 - Sergei Davydov, Belarussian figure skater
1979 – Damien Duff, Irish footballer
1979 – Francesco Tavano, Italian footballer
1979 - Nicky Weaver, English footballer
1980 - Rebel Wilson, Australian actress
1981 - Bryce Dallas Howard, American actress, writer and director
1981 – Lance Cade, American professional wrestler (d. 2010)
1982 - Henrik Lundqvist, Swedish ice hockey player
1982 – Kevin Kuranyi, German footballer
1982 – Ben Roethlisberger, American football player
1982 - Pilou Asbaek, Danish actor
1982 - Jade Galbraith, Canadian ice hockey player
1983 - Ryan Shannon, American ice hockey player
1983 - Lisandro Lopez, Argentine footballer
1984 - Elizabeth Jagger, English model and actress
1985 - Suso Santana, Spanish footballer
1985 – Luke Pritchard, British singer (The Kooks)
1986 - Babacar Gueye, French-Senegalese footballer
1988 – Matthew Mitcham, Australian diver
1988 - James Arthur, British singer
1988 - Dexter Pittman, American basketball player
1989 - Toby Alderweireld, Belgian footballer
1989 - Marcel Hirscher, Austrian alpine skier
1990 - Rauno Alliku, Estonian footballer
1990 - Lee Hongki, South Korean singer and actor
1993 - Mariya Yaremchuk, Ukrainian singer
1997 - Becky G, American rapper
1998 - Tua Tagovailoa, American football player
2016 - Prince Oscar, Duke of Skane, Swedish royal
Deaths
Up to 1900
672 - Chad of Mercia, Anglo-Saxon abbot
855 – Lothair I, King of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor (b. 795)
1127 – Charles I, Count of Flanders
1316 - Marjorie Bruce, died shortly after giving birth to Robert II of Scotland, (b. 1296)
1589 - Alessandro Farnese, Italian cardinal (b. 1520)
1619 – Anne of Denmark, Queen Consort of Scotland, England and Ireland (b. 1574)
1729 – Francesco Bianchini, Italian philosopher and scientist (b. 1662)
1791 – John Wesley, English founder of Methodism (b. 1703)
1797 – Horace Walpole, English politician and writer (b. 1717)
1829 - Karl Gottfried Hagen, German polymath (b. 1749)
1835 – Francis, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1768)
1840 - Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers, German physician and astronomer (b. 1758)
1855 – Tsar Nicholas I of Russia (b. 1796)
1895 – Berthe Morisot, French painter (b. 1841)
1895 – Isma'il Pasha, Governor of Egypt (b. 1830)
1901 2000
1919 – Melchora Aquino, Filipino national hero (b. 1812)
1921 – Nicholas I of Montenegro (b. 1841)
1930 – D. H. Lawrence, British writer (b. 1885)
1939 – Howard Carter, British archaeologist (b. 1874)
1943 - Gisela Januszewska, Austrian physicist (b. 1867)
1945 – Emily Carr, Canadian artist (b. 1871)
1949 – Pietro Ferrero, Italian businessman and confectioner (b. 1898)
1953 – James Lightbody, American athlete (b. 1882)
1960 - Stanislaw Taczak, Polish general (b. 1874)
1962 - Charles Jean de la Vallee-Poussin, Belgian mathematician (b. 1866)
1965 - Mikheil Tsereteli, Georgian historian and diplomat (b. 1878)
1967 – Jose Martinez Ruiz, Spanish poet and writer (b. 1873)
1975 – Josiah Mwangi Kariuki, Kenyan politician and opposition activist (b. 1929) (unsolved murder)
1982 – Philip K. Dick, American writer (b. 1928)
1987 - Randolph Scott, American actor and director (b. 1898)
1987 - Lolo Soetoro, Indonesian stepfather of Barack Obama (b. 1935)
1991 – Serge Gainsbourg, French singer (b. 1928)
1994 - Maurice Bambier, French politician (b. 1925)
1994 - Anita Morris, American actress and singer (b. 1943)
1999 – Dusty Springfield, English singer (b. 1939)
2000 - Sandra Schmirler, Canadian curler (b. 1963)
From 2001
2003 - Hank Ballard, American singer (b. 1927)
2004 - Mercedes McCambridge, American actress (b. 1918)
2007 – Henri Troyat, French writer (b. 1911)
2008 – Jeff Healey, Canadian musician (b. 1966)
2009 – Joao Bernardo Vieira, President of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1939)
2009 – Ernst Benda, German politician (b. 1925)
2010 – Winston Spencer-Churchill, British politician (b. 1940)
2011 - Shahbaz Bhatti, Pakistani politician (b. 1968)
2011 – Thor Vilhjalmsson, Icelandic writer (b. 1925)
2013 - Hans Schnitger, Dutch field hockey player (b. 1915)
2014 - Ryhor Baradulin, Belarussian painter (b. 1935)
2014 - Molly Bobak, Canadian writer, painter and printmaker (b. 1922)
2014 - Peter Bares, German composer (b. 1936)
2015 - Francisco González Ledesma, Spanish novelist, comics writer, and journalist (b. 1927)
2015 - Dave Mackay, Scottish footballer (b. 1934)
2015 - Dean Hess, American minister and air force colonel (b. 1917)
2016 - Prince Johann Georg of Hohenzollern, German royal and art historian (b. 1932)
2016 - Aubrey McClendon, American energy and basketball executive (b. 1959)
2016 - Janusz Bolonek, Polish Roman Catholic prelate and diplomat (b. 1938)
2016 - Marion Patrick Jones, Trinidadian writer (b. 1931)
2016 - Paul Webley, English educator (b. 1953)
2017 - Tommy Gemmell, Scottish footballer (b. 1943)
2017 - Simon Hobday, South African golfer (b. 1940)
2017 - Howard Schmidt, American cybersecurity advisor (b. 1950)
2017 - Andrés Ocaña, Spanish politician (b. 1954)
2018 - Gillo Dorfles, Italian art critic, painter and philosopher (b. 1910)
2018 - Ota Filip, Czech novelist and journalist (b. 1930)
2018 - Brandon Jenkins, American singer-songwriter (b. 1969)
2018 - Carlo Ripa di Meana, Italian politician (b. 1929)
2019 - Arnulf Baring, German political scientist and historian (b. 1932)
2019 - Keith Davis, New Zealand rugby union player (b. 1930)
2019 - Fred Hill, American baseball coach (b. 1934)
2019 - Med Hondo, Mauritanian-French film director, screenwriter and actor (b. 1936)
2019 - Francisco Macri, Italian-Argentine businessman (b. 1930)
2019 - Keith Harvey Miller, American politician, 3rd Governor of Alaska (b. 1925)
2019 - Ogden R. Reid, American politician and diplomat (b. 1925)
2019 - Werner Schneyder, Austrian director and actor (b. 1937)
2019 - Rafael Torija de la Fuente, Spanish Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1927)
Observances
Independence Day (Morocco)
Texas Independence Day
Read Across America Day in the United States (Birthday of Dr. Seuss)
Victory at Adwa Day (Ethiopia)
Peasants Day (Burma)
March 02 |
9862 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%209 | March 9 |
Events
Up to 1900
141 BC - Liu Che, known after his death as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne of the Han Dynasty in China.
1009 – Lithuania is mentioned in the annals of Quedlinburg.
1230 - Ivar Asen II of Bulgaria defeats Theodore Epirus in the Battle of Klokonitsa.
1276 – Augsburg becomes an Imperial Free City.
1500 – The fleet of Pedro Alvares Cabral leaves Lisbon. It intends to reach Calicut, India, but gets to present-day Brazil instead.
1566 – David Rizzio, private secretary to Mary, Queen of Scots, is murdered in the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh.
1741 - War of Jenkins' Ear: British forces lay siege to Cartagena in present-day Colombia.
1781 - American War of Independence: The Spanish Infanteria de Marina under command of Bernardo de Galvez y Madrid occupy Pensacola, Florida. The Battle of Pensacola lasts until May 8.
1796 – Napoleon Bonaparte marries Josephine de Beauharnais.
1811 – Paraguayan forces defeat Manuel Belgrano at the Battle of Taguari.
1842 – Gold is discovered at Rancho San Francisco, California.
1842 – The opera Nabucco by Giuseppe Verdi has its first performance in Milan.
1847 - Mexican-American War: The first large amphibious (in-water) assault in US history begins in Veracruz, Mexico.
1848 - The Bundestag in Frankfurt declares black, red and gold as the official German national colours.
1862 - American Civil War: The USS Monitor and CSS Virginia fight to a draw in the Battle of Hampton Roads in the first battle between two iron-clad warships.
1888 - Wilhelm I of Germany dies. Friedrich III of Germany becomes Kaiser, but dies only 99 days later due to laryngeal cancer.
1896 – Italian Prime Minister Francesco Crispi resigns.
1901 2000
1902 – The Italian football club Vicenza Calcio is founded.
1908 – In Italy, Inter Milan football club is founded by angry members of the Milan Cricket and Football Club, which only allows Italian nationals to participate.
1908 – A five-man team reaches the top of Mount Erebus in Antarctica.
1916 – Pancho Villa leads nearly 500 Mexican raiders in an attack on Columbus, New Mexico.
1933 - Great Depression: Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to the United States Congress, the first of his New Deal policies.
1944 – World War II: Soviet Air Forces conduct a heavy bombing of Tallinn, Estonia, killing up to 800 people, mostly civilians.
1945 – World War II: The bombing of Tokyo by US forces begins.
1946 - Bolton Wanderers stadium disaster in Burnden Park, Bolton, northwest England, kills 33 people.
1954 - CBS programme See It Now, reporting on Senator Joseph McCarthy, is broadcast, contributing to the end of the McCarthy Era.
1956 – The Soviet military suppresses mass demonstrations in Georgia, which was part of the Soviet Union at the time.
1957 – A magnitude 8.3 earthquake strikes the Andreanof Islands off Alaska, and triggers a Pacific-wide tsunami.
1959 – The first Barbie dolls are sold.
1960 - Dr. Belding Hibbard Scribner first implants a shunt he invented, into a patient.
1961 – Sputnik 9 successfully launches.
1967 - Trans World Airlines Flight 553, a Douglas DC-9-15 aircraft, crashes into Concord Township, Ohio, following a collision with a Beechcraft Baron aircraft, killing 26 people.
1976 – 42 people die in the Cavalese cable car disaster.
1977 - Hanafi Siege: In a 39-hour stand-off, armed Hanafi Muslims seize three Washington, DC buildings, killing 2 people and taking 149 hostage.
1984 - Tim Witherspoon wins the Heavyweight Boxing Title, defeating Greg Page in Las Vegas, on points.
1987 - U2 album The Joshua Tree is released.
1989 – Eastern Air Lines files for bankruptcy.
1990 - Antonia Novello becomes the first female, and first Hispanic American, to become Surgeon General of the United States.
1991 – A massive demonstration against Slobodan Milosevic is held in Belgrade.
1997 – Comet Hale-Bopp is seen during the day in China, Mongolia and Siberia, as an eclipse also occurs.
From 2001
2004 – John Allen Muhammad is sentenced to death for the Beltway sniper attacks.
2006 – NASA announces the possibility of water existing on Saturn's moon Enceladus.
2010 – The first same-sex marriages in Washington, DC are held.
2011 – The Space Shuttle Discovery is launched for the last time.
2011 – Enda Kenny becomes Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, succeeding Brian Cowen.
2015 - Villa Castelli helicopter crash: Two helicopters involved in a French Reality TV programme collide over western Argentina, killing 10 people, including 3 of France's most famous sportspeople.
2016 - A solar eclipse is seen over Eastern Asia and the Pacific Ocean. Totality is mainly seen over Indonesia and parts of the Western Pacific.
2018 - The 2018 Winter Paralympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, begin.
Births
Up to 1900
1213 - Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1271)
1285 – Emperor Go-Nijo of Japan (d. 1318)
1454 – Amerigo Vespucci, Italian explorer and cartographer (d. 1512)
1564 – David Fabricius, German astronomer (d. 1617)
1568 – Aloysius Gonzaga, Italian saint (d. 1591)
1629 – Tsar Alexis I of Russia (d. 1676)
1695 – Martin Sarmiento, Spanish writer and scholar (d. 1772)
1697 - Friederike Caroline Neuber, German actress (d. 1760)
1727 - Johann Gottlieb Preller, German cantor, composer and land surveyor (d. 1786)
1737 - Josef Muslivecek, Czech composer (d. 1781)
1749 - Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, French writer and politician (d. 1791)
1753 – Jean-Baptiste Kléber, French general (d. 1800)
1758 - Franz Joseph Gall, German neuroscientist (d. 1828)
1763 - William Cobbett, English writer (d. 1835)
1814 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet (d. 1861)
1824 - Amasa Leland Stanford, American businessman and politician (d. 1893)
1847 - Martin Pierre Marsick, Belgian violinist (d. 1924)
1856 – Eddie Foy, American singer and actor (d. 1928)
1856 - Tom Roberts, Australian artist (d. 1931)
1856 - Edward Goodrich Acheson, American chemist and technician (d. 1931)
1877 - Stuart Stickney, American golfer (d. 1932)
1881 - Ernest Bevin, British politician and trade unionist (d. 1951)
1882 - Arthur Beecher Carles, American painter (d. 1952)
1883 - Umberto Saba, Italian poet and writer (d. 1957)
1884 - Johan Salonen, Finnish wrestler (d. 1938)
1886 - Kenneth Edwards, American golfer (d. 1952)
1887 - Fritz Lenz, German geneticist and eugenicist (d. 1976)
1890 – Vyacheslav Molotov, Russian politician (d. 1986)
1891 – José P. Laurel, 3rd President of the Philippines (d. 1959)
1892 - Vita Sackville-West, British writer (d. 1962)
1894 - Frank Arnau, German author (d. 1976)
1900 - Prince Aimone, Duke of Aosta, Italian aristocrat (d. 1948)
1901 1950
1902 – Will Geer, American actor (d. 1978)
1903 - Albert Gregory Meyer, American cardinal (d. 1965)
1905 – Gerardus Philippus Helders, Dutch politician (d. 2013)
1911 - Clara Rockmore, Lithuanian-American theremin performer (d. 1998)
1916 – Puey Ungpakorn, Thai bureaucrat (d. 1999)
1918 – Mickey Spillane, American writer (d. 2006)
1918 – George Lincoln Rockwell, founder of the American Nazi Party (d. 1967)
1920 - Franjo Mihalic, Croatian-Serbian runner and coach (d. 2015)
1923 – James L. Buckley, American politician
1923 – Walter Kohn, Austrian-born physicist (d. 2016)
1923 - André Courrèges, French fashion designer (d. 2016)
1924 - Peter Scholl-Latour, German journalist and writer (d. 2014)
1925 - Ernest Braun, Austrian-British academic and author (d. 2015)
1925 - C. William Miller, American politician (d. 2006)
1926 - Joe Franklin, American radio and television host (d. 2015)
1929 – Zillur Rahman, 15th President of Bangladesh (d. 2013)
1929 – Desmond Hoyte, President of Guyana (d. 2002)
1930 - Stephen Fumio Hamao, Japanese cardinal (d. 2007)
1930 - Taina Elg, Finnish-American actress and dancer
1930 - Ota Filip, Czech novelist and journalist (d. 2018)
1930 - Ornette Coleman, American jazz saxophonist, trumpeter and composer (d. 2015)
1931 - Billy Frank, Jr., American environmental activist (d. 2014)
1931 - Jackie Healy-Rae, Irish politician (d. 2014)
1931 - Leon Febres Cordero, President of Ecuador (d. 2008)
1931 - Gilles Perrault, French author and journalist
1932 - Rodolfo Quezada Toruño, Guatemalan cardinal (d. 2012)
1932 - Qayyum Chowdhury, Bangladeshi painter (d. 2014)
1932 - Walter Mercado, Puerto Rican astrologer and critic
1933 - Mel Lastman, Canadian politician, 62nd Mayor of Toronto
1933 – Lloyd Price, American musician
1933 - David Weatherall, English physician and geneticist
1934 – Yuri Gagarin, Soviet pilot and cosmonaut, first person to travel into space (d. 1968)
1934 - Joyce Van Patten, American actress
1935 - Andrew Viterbi, Italian-American electronic engineer and businessman
1936 – Mickey Gilley, American musician and singer
1936 - Marty Ingels, American actor (d. 2015)
1937 – Bernard Landry, Quebec politician
1937 - Harry Neale, Canadian ice hockey player
1937 - Brian Redman, English racing driver
1938 - Tom Adams, English actor (d. 2014)
1938 - Lill-Babs, Swedish singer (d. 2018)
1942 - John Cale, Welsh musician (The Velvet Underground)
1942 - Mark Lindsay, American musician of Paul Revere and the Raiders
1943 – Bobby Fischer, American-Icelandic chess player (d. 2008)
1944 - Lee Irvine, South African cricketer
1945 - Katja Ebstein, German singer
1945 - Robin Trower, English musician
1945 - Dennis Rader, American serial killer
1946 - Alexandra Bastedo, English actress (d. 2014)
1946 – Bernd Hölzenbein, German footballer
1947 - Emiliano Mondonico, Italian footballer (d. 2018)
1947 - Keri Hulme, New Zealand writer
1948 - Emma Bonino, Italian politician
1948 - Chris Thompson, English singer and guitarist
1948 - Eric Fischl, American painter, sculptor and printmaker
1949 - Neil Hamilton, Welsh politician (Conservative Party and UKIP)
1951 1975
1951 – Zakir Hussain, Indian tabla player
1951 – Helen Zille, South African politician
1952 - Bill Beaumont, English rugby player
1952 - Uliana Semenova, Latvian basketball player
1954 – Bobby Sands, Northern Irish political activist, IRA member and hunger striker (d. 1981)
1955 - Teo Fabi, Italian racing driver
1955 - Ornella Muti, Italian actress
1955 - Pat Murphy, American science fiction writer
1956 – Shashi Tharoor, Indian politician
1956 – David Willetts, British politician
1957 – Mona Sahlin, Swedish politician
1958 – Linda Fiorentino, American actress
1958 - Martin Fry, English singer
1958 - Jack Kenny, American television producer and writer
1959 - Takaaki Kajita, Japanese physicist
1959 - Lonny Price, American actor and director
1960 - Elsa Cayat, French psychoanalyst and writer (d. 2015)
1962 - Pete Wishart, Scottish musician and politician (Scottish National Party)
1963 - Jean-Marc Vallée, Canadian movie director and screenwriter
1964 – Juliette Binoche, French actress
1964 - Valérie Lemercier, French actress, singer and director
1964 – Herbert Fandel, German football referee
1965 – Antonio Saca, former President of El Salvador
1965 - Mike Pollock, American actor
1968 – Youri Djorkaeff, French footballer
1968 - Maggie Aderin-Pocock, English space scientist
1968 – Johnny Kelly, American drummer
1969 – Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf, American basketball player
1970 – Martin Johnson, English rugby player and coach
1970 – Shannon Leto, American musician and actor
1970 - David Guido Pietroni, Italian movie director and producer
1971 - Diego Torres, Argentine singer
1972 - Jean Louisa Kelly, American actress and singer
1973 - Matteo Salvini, Italian politician
1975 – Roy Makaay, Dutch footballer
1975 – Juan Sebastian Veron, Argentine footballer
From 1976
1976 - Ben Mulroney, Canadian television host
1978 – Lucas Neill, Australian footballer
1980 - Chingy, American rapper and author
1980 - Matthew Gray Gubler, American actor
1983 – Luke Charteris, Welsh rugby player
1983 – Clint Dempsey, American footballer
1983 - Maite Perroni, Mexican singer-songwriter and actress
1984 – Julia Mancuso, American skier
1986 – Brittany Snow, American actress
1987 – Bow Wow, American rapper
1987 - Stacey Dooley, English television presenter
1988 - Alodia Gosiengfiao, Filipino model, actress and singer
1989 – Taeyeon, South Korean singer (Girls' Generation)
1989 - Artem Borodulin, Russian figure skater
1989 - Klariza Clayton, English actress
1990 - Daley Blind, Dutch footballer
1990 - Bilel Ifa, Tunisian footballer
1990 - Tatsuki Machida, Japanese figure skater
1991 - Jade Etherington, English skier
1993 - Suga, South Korean rapper, singer and actress
1994 - Morgan Rielly, Canadian ice hockey player
2018 - Princess Adrienne, Duchess of Blekinge, Swedish royal
Deaths
Up to 1900
1202 – Sverre of Norway
1440 - Saint Frances of Rome, Italian nun (b. 1384)
1566 – David Rizzio, Italian secretary to Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1533)
1649 - James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish statesman (b. 1606)
1649 - Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, English soldier (b. 1590)
1661 – Cardinal Mazarin, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1602)
1808 - Joseph Bonomi the Elder, Italian architect (b. 1739)
1825 - Anna Laetitia Barbauld, English poet, essayist and writer (b. 1743)
1831 - Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, German writer (b. 1752)
1847 - Mary Anning, English paleontologist (b. 1799)
1851 – Hans Christian Orsted, Danish physicist (b. 1777)
1888 – Kaiser Wilhelm I of Germany (b. 1797)
1895 - Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian writer (b. 1836)
1897 – Jamal-al-Din Afghani, Afghan politician and activist (b. 1838)
1897 – Sondre Norheim, Norwegian skier (b. 1825)
1901 2000
1918 – Frank Wedekind, German writer (b. 1864)
1926 – Usui Mikao, Japanese founder of Reiki healing (b. 1865)
1936 – Sri Yukteswar Giri, Indian guru and swami (b. 1855)
1936 - Sidney Johnston Catts, Governor of Florida (b. 1863)
1945 – Margot Frank, sister of Anne Frank (b. 1926)
1952 – Alexandra Kollontai, Russian revolutionary, diplomat and writer (b. 1872)
1954 - Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs, German astronomer (b. 1912)
1955 - Miroslava, Czech-Mexican actress (b. 1925)
1962 – Zdenek Nejedly, Czech historian, literary critic and musicologist (b. 1878)
1971 – Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria, Patriarch of the Coptic Orthodox Church (b. 1902)
1974 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr., American physiologist (b. 1915)
1981 - Max Delbrück, German-American physicist and geneticist (b. 1906)
1983 – Ulf von Euler, Swedish physiologist (b. 1905)
1983 - Faye Emerson, American actress (b. 1917)
1988 – Kurt Georg Kiesinger, Chancellor of West Germany (b. 1904)
1992 – Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1913)
1993 - C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian (b. 1909)
1994 - Fernando Rey, Spanish actor (b. 1917)
1996 – George Burns, American actor and singer (b. 1896)
1997 - Terry Nation, Welsh author and screenwriter (b. 1930)
1997 – The Notorious B. I. G., American rapper (b. 1972)
From 2001
2003 – Bernard Dowiyogo, President of Nauru (b. 1946)
2004 - Albert Mol, Dutch actor (b. 1917)
2006 – Geir Ivarsøy, Norwegian programmer, co-founder of Opera Software ASA (b. 1957)
2006 – Anna Moffo, American operatic soprano (b. 1932)
2007 – Brad Delp, American singer and musician (b. 1951)
2010 – Granny D, American political activist (b. 1910)
2012 - Jose Tomas Sanchez, Filipino cardinal (b. 1920)
2013 - Viren J. Shah, Indian politician, 21st Governor of West Bengal (b. 1926)
2014 - Carlos Moreno, Argentine actor (b. 1938)
2014 - Gerard Mortier, Belgian opera director and administrator (b. 1943)
2014 - Glenn McDuffie, American World War II sailor (b. 1927)
2014 - Mohammed Fahim, Vice President of Afghanistan (b. 1957)
2014 - William Clay Ford, Sr., American businessman (b. 1925)
2015 - Jack Harte, Irish politician (b. 1920)
2015 - James Molyneaux, Baron Molyneaux of Killead, Northern Irish politician (b. 1920)
2015 - David B. Frohnmayer, American attorney (b. 1940)
2015 - Windell Middlebrooks, American actor (b. 1979)
2015 - Juanita Morrow Nelson, American activist (b. 1923)
2015 - Frei Otto, German architect (b. 1925)
2015 - French sportspeople killed in the Villa Castelli helicopter crash in Argentina:
Florence Arthaud, French sailor (b. 1957)
Camille Muffat, French swimmer (b. 1989)
Alexis Vastine, French boxer (b. 1986)
2016 - Clyde Lovellette, American basketball player (b. 1929)
2016 - Nana Vasconcelos, Brazilian jazz musician (b. 1944)
2016 - Sergio Arellano Stark, Chilean military officer (b. 1921)
2016 - Jon English, English-Australian musician and actor (b. 1949)
2016 - Ray Griff, Canadian singer-songwriter (b. 1940)
2016 - Robert Horton, American actor (b. 1924)
2016 - Bill Wade, American football player (b. 1930)
2017 - Anthony Delhalle, French motorcycle racer (b. 1982)
2017 - Hla Myint, Burmese economist (b. 1920)
2017 - Kasugafuji Akihiro, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1966)
2017 - Barbara Helsingius, Finnish singer, poet and fencer (b. 1937)
2018 - Chris Gedney, American football player (b. 1970)
2018 - Jo Min-ki, South Korean actor and professor (b. 1965)
2018 - Jung Jae-sung, South Korean badminton player (b. 1982)
2018 - George A. Sinner, American politician, Governor of North Dakota (b. 1928)
2018 - Ion Voinescu, Romanian footballer (b. 1929)
2018 - Oskar Gröning, German war criminal (b. 1921)
2018 - Ali Asghar Khodadoust, Iranian surgeon (b. 1935)
2018 - Millie Dunn Veasey, American activist (b. 1918)
2019 - Jed Allan, American actor (b. 1935)
2019 - Alberto Bucci, Italian basketball coach (b. 1948)
2019 - Bernard Binlin Dadié, Ivorian novelist, playwright and poet (b. 1916)
2019 - Vladimir Etush, Russian actor (b. 1922)
2019 - Harry Howell, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1932)
Observances
Teacher's Day (Lebanon)
March 09 |
9863 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2010 | March 10 |
Events
Up to 1900
241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands – The Romans sinks the Carthaginian fleet; end of First Punic War.
298 - Roman Emperor Maximian completes his campaign in North Africa against the Berbers, and makes a triumphant entry to Carthage in present-day Tunisia.
1496 – Christopher Columbus leaves Hispaniola for Spain, ending his second visit to the Western Hemisphere.
1535 – Tomas de Berlanga reaches the Galapagos Islands after sailing off course in a storm.
1607 - Susenyos defeats combined armies of Yaqob and Abuna Petros II at the Battle of Gol in Gojjam, making him Emperor of Ethiopia.
1629 – Charles I of England dissolves Parliament, starting the Eleven Years Tyranny in which there was no parliament.
1661 - Louis XIV of France takes absolute government powers.
1792 - Huguenot Jean Calas, wrongly convicted for killing his son, dies after being tortured by authorities. This inspires Voltaire to begin a campaign for religious tolerance and legal reform.
1801 – The United Kingdom's first national census is carried out.
1804 – Louisiana Purchase: In St. Louis, a formal ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership of Louisiana Territory from France to the United States.
1814 – Napoleon I of France is defeated at the Battle of Laon in France.
1831 – The French Foreign Legion is established by King Louis-Philippe to support his war in Algeria.
1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Mexican-American War.
1861 – El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of Segou, destroying the Bambara Empire of Mali.
1864 – Montana vigilantes hang Jack Slade.
1864 – American Civil War: The Red River Campaign begins as Union troops reach Alexandria, Louisiana.
1876 – Alexander Graham Bell makes the first successful telephone call by saying "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you."
1880 – Members of the Salvation Army land in the United States and begin operations.
1891 – Almon Strowger, an undertaker in Topeka Kansas, patents the strowger switch, a device which led to the automation of telephone circuit switching.
1893 – Côte d'Ivoire becomes a French colony.
1901 2000
1902 – Second Boer War: South African Boers win their last battle over British forces, with the capture of a British general and 200 of his men.
1902 – A United States court of appeals rules that Thomas Edison did not invent the movie camera.
1902 – Tochangri, Turkey, is completely destroyed by an earthquake.
1906 – Europe's worst mining disaster occurs at Courrieres, northern France, as 1,099 miners are killed.
1909 - The Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 is signed.
1912 – Yuan Shikai is sworn in as the second Provisional President of the Republic of China.
1922 - Mahatma Gandhi is arrested for sedition by British colonial authorities.
1923 – The Spanish football club Villarreal is founded.
1926 – The first Book-of-the-Month-Club selection is produced
1933 – An earthquake in Long Beach, California kills 120 people.
1945 – The U.S. Army Air Force firebombs Tokyo, and the resulting firestorm kills more than 100,000 people, mostly civilians.
1948 – The Indian Union Muslim League is founded, by remnants of the old Muslim League.
1951 – Henri Queuille becomes Prime Minister of France.
1952 – Fulgencio Batista leads a successful coup in Cuba.
1959 - Tibetan Uprising: Fearing an abduction attempt by the Government of the People's Republic of China, 300,000 Tibetans surround Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama's palace to prevent his removal.
1964 – The Ford Mustang is first produced by the Ford Motor Company.
1966 – Princess Beatrix of the Netherlands marries Claus von Amsberg.
1969 – In Memphis, Tennessee, James Earl Ray pleads guilty to assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. Ray would later retract his guilty plea.
1970 – Vietnam War: Capt. Ernest Medina is charged with My Lai war crimes.
1971 – William McMahon becomes Prime Minister of Australia.
1975 – Vietnam War: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Me Thout, South Vietnam, on their way to capturing Saigon.
1977 – Rings of Uranus: Astronomers discover rings around Uranus.
1982 – The United States places an embargo on Libyan petroleum imports because of their support of terrorist groups.
1982 – Syzygy: all 9 planets align on the same side of the Sun.
1987 – Reproductive rights: The Holy See condemns the practice of surrogate motherhood, along with test-tube babies and artificial insemination.
1987 - A magnitude 7 earthquake hits Colombia and Ecuador, killing 1,000 people.
1990 – In Haiti, Prosper Avril is ousted 18 months after seizing power in a coup.
1991 – Gulf War: Operation Phase Echo – 540,000 American troops begin to leave the Persian Gulf.
1996 – The "Summit of Peacemakers" takes place in Egypt.
1998 – American troops stationed in the Persian Gulf begin to receive the first vaccinations against anthrax.
1998 - Suharto claims a sixth election victory as President of Indonesia. This leads to protests which eventually lead to his resignation in May of the same year, after over 32 years in power.
2000 – The NASDAQ stock market index peaks at 5048.62, signaling the beginning of the end of the dot-com boom.
From 2001
2004 – Six Flags sells 8 of its theme parks to private investors.
2004 – Kostas Karamanlis becomes Prime Minister of Greece.
2005 – In Edmonton, Alberta, the largest memorial (of its kind) in Canadian history was held for four RCMP constables who were gunned down March 3, 2005.
2006 – The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter arrives at the planet Mars.
2006 - The 2006 Winter Paralympics in Turin begin.
2008 – The New York Times reveals that New York Governor Eliot Spitzer patronised a prostitution service, and he resigns shortly after.
2014 - President of Bayern Munich football club Uli Hoeness goes on trial on charges of tax fraud.
2015 - A court rules that the tune from Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams' track Blurred Lines was copied from a song by Marvin Gaye.
2017 - South Korean President Park Geun-hye is officially removed from office by the country's constitutional court over a corruption scandal, following her impeachment three months earlier.
2017 - The United Nations warns that up to 20 million people could be affected by a famine affecting parts of Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan and Yemen.
2019 - Ethiopian Airlines Flight 103, a Boeing 737 MAX, crashes shortly after take-off from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on a flight due to go to Nairobi, Kenya, killing all 157 people on board.
Births
Up to 1900
1415 – Vasili II of Russia (d. 1462)
1452 – Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1516)
1503 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1564)
1536 - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, English politician (d. 1572)
1628 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian physician (d. 1694)
1709 - Georg Wilhelm Steller, German botanist, zoologist, physician and explorer (d. 1746)
1748 - John Playfair, Scottish scientist and mathematician (d. 1819)
1749 - Lorenzo da Ponte, Italian opera librettist and poet (d. 1838)
1760 - Leandro Fernandez de Moratin, Spanish poet and writer (d. 1829)
1772 – Karl Friedrich Wilhelm von Schlegel, German poet, critic and scholar (d. 1829)
1776 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen Consort of Prussia (d. 1810)
1779 – Frances Trollope, English writer (d. 1863)
1786 - José Maria Vargas, President of Venezuela (d. 1854)
1787 – Francisco de Paula Martinez de la Rosa, Spanish statesman and dramatist (d. 1862)
1787 – William Etty, English painter (d. 1849)
1788 - Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German polymath (d. 1857)
1789 – Manuel de la Peña y Peña, President of Mexico (d. 1850)
1810 - Samuel Ferguson, Irish poet (d. 1886)
1833 - Pedro Antonio de Alarcon, Spanish writer (d. 1891)
1839 - Dudley Buck, American composer, organist and writer (d. 1909)
1842 - Mykola Lysenko, Ukrainian composer (d. 1912)
1844 - Pablo de Sarasate, Spanish violinist (d. 1908)
1845 – Tsar Alexander III of Russia (d. 1894)
1845 - Hallie Quinn Brown, African-American educator and activist (d. 1949)
1847 - Kate Sheppard, New Zealand suffragist (d. 1934)
1850 - Spencer Gore, British tennis player and cricketer (d. 1906)
1853 - Thomas Mackenzie, Scottish-born 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1930)
1854 - Arnost Muka, Sorbian writer (d. 1932)
1867 - Hector Guimard, French architect and designer (d. 1942)
1867 - Lillian Wald, American nurse, humanitarian and author (d. 1940)
1873 - Jakob Wassermann, German writer (d. 1934)
1875 - Alexander Goldenweiser, Russian pianist, composer and educator (d. 1961)
1876 - Edvard Eriksen, Danish sculptor (d. 1959)
1876 – Ernst Tandefelt, Finnish nobleman and assassin (d. 1948)
1877 - Emile Sarrade, French rugby player (d. 1953)
1879 - Hans Luther, Chancellor of Germany in the Weimar Republic (d. 1962)
1885 - Tamara Karsavina, Russian ballerina (d. 1978)
1887 – Toshitsugu Takamatsu, Grandmaster of Ninjutsu (d. 1972)
1891 - Sam Jaffe, American actor, teacher, musician and engineer (d. 1984)
1892 – Arthur Honegger, Swiss-French composer (d. 1955)
1892 - Gregory La Cava, American movie director and cartoonist (d. 1952)
1897 – Robert Meier, German World War I veteran (d. 2007)
1900 – Pandelis Pouliopoulos, Secretary of the Greek Communist Party (d. 1943)
1901 1950
1903 – Bix Beiderbecke, American musician (d. 1931)
1905 - Richard Haydn, British actor (d. 1985)
1907 - Christopher Del Sesto, Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1973)
1909 - LeRoy Collins, Governor of Florida (d. 1991)
1915 - Charles Groves, English conductor (d. 1992)
1915 - Harry Bertoia, Italian artist (d. 1978)
1918 – Günther Rall, German fighter pilot (d. 2009)
1923 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American nuclear physicist (d. 2015)
1923 - Hans Riegel, German entrepreneur (Haribo) (d. 2013)
1925 - Bob Lanier, American politician, 58th Mayor of Houston, Texas (d. 2014)
1926 - Marques Haynes, American basketball player (d. 2015)
1927 – Jupp Derwall, German footballer and manager (d. 2007)
1928 - Sara Montiel, Spanish singer and actress (d. 2013)
1928 – James Earl Ray, convicted assassin of Martin Luther King, Jr. (d. 1998)
1929 - Arthur Barnard, American hurdler
1930 - Jimmie Macgregor, Scottish folk music singer and broadcaster
1932 - Marcia Falkender, English politician
1933 - Elizabeth Azcona Cranwell, Argentine poet and translator (d. 2004)
1933 - Ralph Emery, American television host
1936 - Alfredo Zitarrosa, Uruguayan singer, poet and composer (d. 1989)
1936 – Sepp Blatter, Swiss President of FIFA
1938 – Ieronymus II, Archbishop of Athens
1938 - Norman Blake, American musician
1939 - Ashgar Ali Engineer, Indian writer and activist (d. 2013)
1940 – Chuck Norris, American actor and martial artist
1946 - Peter Temple, Australian writer (d. 2018)
1947 – Kim Campbell, 19th Prime Minister of Canada
1947 - Piers Corbyn, brother of Jeremy Corbyn
1947 – Tom Scholz, American songwriter and guitarist
1948 - Austin Carr, American basketball player
1948 - Pat Gallagher, Irish politician
1949 - Bill Buxton, Canadian computer scientist and designer
1950 – Colin McGinn, British philosopher
1951 1975
1951 - Brad Fiedel, American movie score composer
1951 - Gloria Diaz, Filipino model and actress
1952 - Mike O'Donnell, English musician and composer
1952 – Morgan Tsvangirai, former Prime Minister of Zimbabwe, leader of the Movement for Democratic Change (d. 2018)
1953 – Paul Haggis, Canadian screenwriter, producer and movie director
1954 - Luc Dardenne, Belgian movie director, producer and screenwriter
1955 - Yousra, Egyptian actress and singer
1956 - Robert Llewellyn, British writer, actor and presenter
1956 - Henry Smith, Scottish footballer
1957 – Osama bin Laden, Saudi-born Islamic extremist (al-Qaeda) (d. 2011)
1957 - Hilary Devey, English businesswoman
1957 – Hans-Peter Friedrich, German politician
1957 - Terry Holmes, Welsh rugby player
1957 – Shannon Tweed, Canadian actress and model
1958 – Sharon Stone, American actress
1958 - Garth Crooks, English footballer and pundit
1958 - Frankie Ruiz, American singer (d. 1998)
1960 - Antonio Corgos, Spanish long jumper
1961 – Laurel Clark, American physician and astronaut (d. 2003)
1961 - Mitch Gaylord, American gymnast, actor and stuntman
1962 - Jasmine Guy, American actress
1962 - Seiko Matsuda, Japanese pop singer
1963 – Jeff Ament, American musician
1964 - Dave Bowman, Scottish footballer
1964 – Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
1964 – Neneh Cherry, Swedish singer
1966 - Edie Brickell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1968 - Pavel Srnicek, Czech footballer (d. 2015)
1969 - Paget Brewster, American actress
1971 – Jon Hamm, American actor
1971 - Steve Arnold, British racing driver
1972 - Timbaland, American rapper
1973 – Eva Herzigova, Czech model
1973 – Chris Sutton, English footballer
1973 - Mauricio Taricco, Argentine footballer
1974 – Keren Ann, Israeli-Dutch singer
1974 - Biz Stone, American businessman, co-founder of Twitter
1975 - Jerry Horton, American guitarist
From 1976
1976 – Haifa Wehbe, Lebanese singer
1976 - Kisaki, Japanese bass player, singer and songwriter
1976 - Ane Brune, Norwegian singer
1977 – Peter Enckelman, Finnish footballer
1977 - Shannon Miller, American gymnast
1977 – Colin Murray, Northern Irish radio and television presenter
1977 - Robin Thicke, American singer (Blurred Lines)
1977 - Bree Turner, American actress
1978 – Neil Alexander, Scottish footballer
1978 - Benjamin Burnley, American musician
1978 - Camille, French singer
1979 - Danny Pudi, American actor and comedian
1981 – Samuel Eto'o, Cameroonian footballer
1981 – Kokkai Futoshi, Georgian-Japanese sumo wrestler
1981 - Steven Reid, Irish footballer
1982 – Kwame Brown, American basketball player
1983 - Rafe Spall, English actor
1983 - Janet Mock, American writer, television host and activist
1983 – Carrie Underwood, American singer
1984 - Carol Castro, Brazilian actress
1984 – Olivia Wilde, American actress
1985 – Lassana Diarra, French footballer
1985 - Pastor Maldonado, Venezuelan racing driver
1987 - Emeli Sandé, Scottish singer
1987 - Ebba Jungmark, Swedish athlete
1987 - Tuukka Rask, Finnish ice hockey player
1987 - Liu Shishi, Chinese actress and ballerina
1988 – Ivan Rakitic, Croatian footballer
1990 - Inna Deriglazova, Russian foil fencer
1991 - Kadeena Cox, English Paralympic athlete
1992 – Emily Osment, American actress and singer
1993 - Jack Butland, English footballer
1993 - Nooa Takooa, Kiribati athlete
1994 - JoJo Offerman, American wrestler and singer
1995 - Sergey Mozgov, Russian ice dancer
1997 - Belinda Bencic, Swiss tennis player
Deaths
Up to 1900
483 - Pope Simplicius
1291 - Arghun, Persian ruler
1315 - Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian mystic and saint (b. 1244)
1391 - Tvrtko I, King of Bosnia (b. 1338)
1588 – Theodor Zwinger, Swiss scholar (b. 1533)
1607 - Yaqob, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1590)
1792 – John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1713)
1826 – King John VI of Portugal (b. 1767)
1832 - Muzio Clementi, Italian composer (b. 1752)
1861 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet (b. 1814)
1864 – Maximilian II of Bavaria (b. 1811)
1864 – Jack Slade, American frontier figure (b. 1831)
1872 – Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian politician (b. 1805)
1889 - Yohannes IV, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1831)
1889 - Antonio de Trueba, Spanish writer (b. 1819)
1895 - Charles Frederick Worth, English-French fashion designer (b. 1826)
1897 - Savitribai Phule, Indian poet and activist (b. 1831)
1898 - Marie-Eugenie de Jesus, French Catholic nun (b. 1817)
1901 2000
1910 – Carl Reinecke, German pianist, conductor and composer (b. 1824)
1910 – Karl Lueger, Mayor of Vienna (b. 1844)
1913 – Harriet Tubman, American abolitionist (b. 1820)
1924 - Chester Hardy Aldrich, American politician, 17th Governor of Nebraska (b. 1862)
1937 – Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian writer (b. 1884)
1940 – Mikhail Bulgakov, Russian writer (b. 1891)
1942 – William Henry Bragg, English physicist (b. 1862)
1948 – Jan Masaryk, Czechoslovakian politician (b. 1886)
1948 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American writer (b. 1900)
1950 - Marguerite Da La Motte, American actress (b. 1902)
1951 – Kijuro Shidehara, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1872)
1966 – Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist (b. 1888)
1982 - Minoru Shirota, inventor of Yakult (b. 1899)
1984 - June Marlowe, American actress (b. 1903)
1985 – Konstantin Chernenko, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1911)
1985 – C. B. van Niel, Dutch microbiologist (b. 1897)
1986 - Ray Milland, Welsh-American actor (b. 1907)
1988 – Andy Gibb, English-born singer (b. 1958)
1992 - Giorgos Zampetas, Greek composer and musician (b. 1925)
1997 - LaVern Baker, American actor (b. 1913)
1998 – Lloyd Bridges, American actor (b. 1913)
From 2001
2001 – Massimo Morsello, Italian musician and activist (b. 1958)
2006 – John Profumo, British politician (b. 1915)
2007 - Richard Jeni, American actor (b. 1957)
2010 – Corey Haim, Canadian actor (b. 1971)
2010 – Dorothy Janis, American actress (b. 1910)
2010 – Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy, Egyptian Muslim cleric (b. 1928)
2012 – Jean Giraud, French comic book artist (b. 1938)
2012 – Nick Zoricic, Canadian skier (b. 1983)
2012 - Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist and physicist (b. 1927)
2013 - Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, British-born Swedish royal (b. 1915)
2014 - Cynthia Lynn, Latvian-American actress (b. 1937)
2014 - Joe McGinniss, American journalist and author (b. 1942)
2015 - Stuart Wagstaff, British-Australian entertainer (b. 1925)
2015 - Claude Sitton, American newspaper reporter (b. 1925)
2016 - Ken Adam, German-English production designer (b. 1921)
2016 - Ernestine Anderson, American jazz and blues singer (b. 1928)
2016 - Anita Brookner, English writer (b. 1928)
2016 - Keith Emerson, English keyboardist and songwriter (b. 1944)
2016 - Claude Estier, French politician (b. 1925)
2016 - Bill Gadsby, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1927)
2016 - Gogi Grant, American singer (b. 1924)
2016 - Roberto Perfumo, Argentine footballer (b. 1942)
2016 - Jovito Salonga, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1920)
2017 - Gido Kokars, Latvian choir conductor (b. 1921)
2017 - Bill Leak, Australian cartoonist (b. 1956)
2017 - John Surtees, English racing driver and motorcycle racer (b. 1934)
2017 - John Forgeham, English actor (b. 1941)
2017 - Tony Haygarth, English actor (b. 1945)
2017 - Joni Sledge, American singer and songwriter (b. 1956)
2017 - Anna Tramontano, Italian biologist (b. 1957)
2017 - Richard Wagamese, Canadian author and journalist (b. 1955)
2017 - Robert James Waller, American writer (b. 1939)
2018 - Garech Browne, Irish arts patron (b. 1939)
2018 - Hubert de Givenchy, French fashion designer (b. 1927)
2018 - Wally Gould, English footballer (b. 1938)
2018 - Ralf Waldmann, German motorcycle racer (b. 1966)
2018 - Michel Raynaud, French mathematician (b. 1938)
2019 - William Powers Jr., American educator (b. 1946)
Observances
Mar.10 Day: Mario Day of Nintendo
Tibetan Uprising Day (Tibetan Independence Supporters)
Days of the year |
9864 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2030 | March 30 |
Events
Up to 1900
598 - Balkan campaign: The Avars lift the siege of the Byzantine Empire stronghold of Tomis.
1282 - The people of Sicily rebel against the Angevin King, Charles I of Naples, in what becomes known as the Sicilian Vespers.
1296 – Edward I storms Berwick-upon-Tweed, sacking the then-Scottish border town, slaughtering almost everyone, even those fleeing to the churches.
1492 – Ferdinand and Isabella sign a decree aimed at expelling all Jews from Spain unless they convert to Roman Catholicism.
1533 – Thomas Cranmer becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.
1814 – Napoleonic Wars: Sixth Coalition forces march into Paris.
1814 - Joachim Murat issues the Rimini Declaration which would later inspire the unification of Italy into being one country.
1822 – Florida Territory created in the United States.
1841 - The National Bank of Greece is founded in Athens.
1842 – Anesthesia is used for the first time in an operation by Dr. Crawford Long.
1844 – One of the most important battles of the Dominican War of Independence from Haiti takes place near the city of Santiago de los Caballeros.
1855 – Origins of the American Civil War: Bleeding Kansas – "Border Ruffians" from Missouri invade Kansas and force election of a pro-slavery legislature.
1856 – The Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the Crimean War.
1858 – Hyman Lipman patents a pencil with an attached eraser.
1863 – Prince Wilhelm Georg of Sleeswÿk-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg is chosen as King George I of Greece.
1867 – Alaska is purchased for $7.2 million, about 2 cent/acre ($4.19/km²), by United States Secretary of State William H. Seward. The news media call this Seward's Folly.
1870 – Texas is readmitted to the Union following Reconstruction.
1899 - British passenger steamship Stella hits a rock off Guernsey in the English Channel, in thick fog, sinking within eight minutes.
1901 2000
1909 – In New York City the Queensboro Bridge connecting Manhattan and Queens is opened to traffic.
1912 – Sultan Abdelhafid signs the Treaty of Fez, making Morocco a French protectorate.
1939 - The Henkel He 100 fighter aircraft sets a record airspeed of 745 kilometers per hour (463 miles per hour).
1940 – Second Sino-Japanese War: Japan declares Nanking to be the capital of a new Chinese puppet government, nominally controlled by Wang Ching-wei.
1944 - World War II: Allied bombing raid on Nuremberg.
1944 - World War II: The Allies conduct their most severe bombing raid on Sofia, Bulgaria.
1945 – World War II: Soviet Union forces invade Austria and take Vienna; Alger Hiss congratulated in Moscow for his part in bringing about the Western betrayal at the Yalta Conference.
1949 - Riots occur in Reykjavik after the decision of Iceland's government for the country to join NATO.
1951 – Remington Rand delivers the first UNIVAC I computer to the United States Census Bureau.
1954 – The first subway in Canada opens after five years of construction, in Toronto.
1961 – The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs is signed at New York.
1962 – Jack Paar hosts his last episode of The Tonight Show.
1964 – The game show Jeopardy! debuts on television.
1965 – Vietnam War: A car bomb explodes in front of the U.S. Embassy in Saigon, killing 22 and wounding 183 others.
1972 – Vietnam War: The Eastertide Offensive begins after North Vietnamese forces cross into the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) of South Vietnam.
1974 – The Ramones play their first ever gig as a trio at CBGB's in New York City.
1976 - First Land Day protests in Israel and Palestine.
1981 – President Ronald Reagan is shot in the chest outside a Washington, D.C. hotel by John Hinckley, Jr., family friend of the Vice President.
1982 - Space Shuttle program: The STS-3 mission ends, with the landing of the Space Shuttle Columbia at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico, United States.
1987 – One of Vincent Van Gogh's "Sunflowers" paintings is bought by Japanese insurance magnate Yasuo Goto for $39.85 million.
From 2001
2001 - The result of the People's Republic of China's census is announced. The population at this time is estimated at 1,285,830,000.
2002 – Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, the Queen Mother, dies at Windsor Castle, aged 101, just seven weeks after her daughter, Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon.
2006 – The United Kingdom Terrorism Act 2006 becomes law.
2006 – Marcos Pontes becomes the first Brazilian in space on board the Soyuz TMA-8 aircraft, to the International Space Station.
2008 – The controversial 2008 Zimbabwean Presidential election is held.
2017 - SpaceX conducts the world's first re-flight of an orbital-class rocket.
Births
Up to 1900
1135 – Maimonides, Jewish philosopher (d. 1204)
1326 – Ivan II of Russia (d. 1359)
1432 – Mehmed II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1481)
1510 - Antonio de Cabezon, Spanish composer and organist (d. 1566)
1566 - Carlo Gesualdo, Italian nobleman, composer and murderer (d. 1613)
1633 - Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg (d. 1708)
1727 - Tommaso Traetta, Italian composer (d. 1779)
1746 – Francisco Goya, Spanish painter (d. 1828)
1750 - John Stafford Smith, English organist and composer (d. 1836)
1757 - Jean-François Pilatre de Rozier, French physicist and aviation pioneer (d. 1785)
1785 - Henry Hardinge, Governor-General of India (d. 1856)
1793 – Juan Manuel de Rosas, Argentine military leader (d. 1877)
1805 - Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, German-Swedish linguist (d. 1887)
1811 - Robert Bunsen, German chemist (d. 1899)
1818 - Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen, German social reformer (d. 1888)
1820 – Anna Sewell, British writer (d. 1878)
1844 – Paul Verlaine, French poet (d. 1896)
1853 – Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter (d. 1890)
1857 – Thevenin, French telegraph engineer (d. 1926)
1863 - Joseph Caillaux, Prime Minister of France (d. 1944)
1863 - Mary Calkins, American philosopher and psychologist (d. 1930)
1864 - Franz Oppenheimer, German sociologist (d. 1943)
1874 - Charles Lightoller, English 2nd Officer of the RMS Titanic (d. 1952)
1874 - Nicolae Radescu, Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1953)
1879 - Coen de Koning, Dutch ice skater (d. 1954)
1879 - Bernhard Schmidt, German optician (d. 1935)
1880 – Sean O'Casey, Irish dramatist (d. 1964)
1882 - Melanie Klein, Austrian-British psychoanalyst (d. 1960)
1892 - Stefan Banack, Polish mathematician (d. 1945)
1892 - Fortunato Depero, Italian painter, writer, sculptor and graphic designer (d. 1960)
1892 - Sanzo Nozaka, Japanese politician (d. 1993)
1892 - Sidney Soyers, CIA director (d. 1973)
1894 – Sergey Ilyushin, Russian aerospace engineer (d. 1977)
1894 - Tommy Green, English race walker (d. 1975)
1895 - Jean Giono, French author (d. 1970)
1899 - Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay, Bengali writer (d. 1970)
1900 – Santos Urdinaran, Uruguayan footballer (d. 1979)
1901 1950
1902 - Brooke Astor, American philanthropist (d. 2007)
1902 - Victor E. Anderson, Governor of Nebraska (d. 1962)
1902 - Frieda Szwillus, German supercentenarian (d. 2014)
1905 – Albert Pierrepoint, British executioner (d. 1992)
1908 - Leo A. Hoegh, Territorial Governor of Hawaii (d. 2000)
1909 - John A. Burns, Governor of Hawaii (d. 1975)
1910 – Jozef Marcinkiewicz, Polish mathematician (d. 1940)
1913 – Frankie Laine, American singer (d. 2007)
1913 – Censu Tabone, former President of Malta (d. 2012)
1913 – Richard Helms, American CIA director (d. 2002)
1913 – Marc Davis, American animator (d. 2000)
1914 – Sonny Boy Williamson I, American musician (d. 1948)
1915 - Arsenio Erico, Paraguayan footballer (d. 1977)
1915 - Pietro Ingrao, Italian politician (d. 2015)
1917 - Els Aarne, Estonian composer (d. 1995)
1919 - McGeorge Bundy, American diplomat (d. 1996)
1922 – Virgilio Noè, Italian cardinal (d. 2011)
1923 - Milton Acorn, Canadian poet (d. 1986)
1924 - Milko Kelemen, Croatian composer (d. 2018)
1926 – Ingvar Kamprad, Swedish businessman (IKEA) (d. 2018)
1926 - Peter Marshall, American actor, singer and game show host
1926 - Larissa Volpert, Russian chess player (d. 2017)
1928 - Tom Sharpe, British author (d. 2013)
1929 - Richard Dysart, American actor (d. 2015)
1930 - John Astin, American actor
1930 – Rolf Harris, Australian artist, singer and entertainer
1933 - Anna-Lisa, Norwegian-American actress (d. 2018)
1933 - Jean-Claude Brialy, French actor and director (d. 2007)
1934 - Mahmut Atalay, Turkish wrestler (d. 2004)
1934 - Hans Hollein, Austrian architect and designer (d. 2014)
1937 – Warren Beatty, American actor
1938 - Klaus Schwab, German economist and engineer
1940 - Astrud Gilberto, Brazilian singer
1940 - Jerry Lucas, American basketball player
1940 - Uwe Timm, German actor
1941 – Wasim Sajjad, former President of Pakistan
1942 – Ruben Kun, former President of Nauru
1943 - Jay Traynor, American singer (d. 2014)
1943 - Jean-Louis Ravelomanantsoa, Malagasy sprinter (d. 2016)
1945 – Eric Clapton, British guitarist and singer
1945 - Johnnie Walker, British DJ and broadcaster
1945 - Bob Miller, former Governor of Nevada
1947 - Ryszard Kotla, Polish writer and activist
1947 - Dick Roche, Irish politician
1948 – Eddie Jordan, Irish racing driver and team owner
1948 – Mervyn King, British economist
1948 - Naomi Sims, model
1950 – Robbie Coltrane, Scottish actor
1950 - Beverley Hughes, English politician
1950 - Frans Bolweg, Dutch sailor (d. 2015)
1951 1975
1951 - Yves Séguin, Quebec politician and actor
1956 - Juanito Oiarzabal, Basque mountaineer
1957 - Michael Lehmann, American director
1957 - Paul Reiser, American actor and screenwriter
1958 - Maurice LaMarche, Canadian voice actor
1959 - Sabine Meyer, German classical clarinettist
1959 - Martina Cole, English author
1960 - Bill Johnson, American skier
1962 – M.C. Hammer, American rapper and musician
1962 – Bil Dwyer, American actor
1962 - Mark Begich, American politician
1963 - Eli-Eri Moura, Brazilian composer and conductor
1963 - Oleksiy Mykhaylychenko, Ukrainian footballer and coach
1963 - Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, 4th President of Mongolia
1964 – Tracy Chapman, American singer
1964 - Abu Anas al-Libi, Libyan terrorist (d. 2015)
1965 – Piers Morgan, British journalist and television personality
1966 - Joey Castillo, American drummer
1967 - Megumi Hayashibara, Japanese voice actor and singer
1968 – Céline Dion, Canadian singer
1968 - Donna D'Errico, American actress and model
1971 - Mark Consuelos, Spanish-American motorcycle racer
1972 - Karel Poborsky, Czech footballer
1973 – Jan Koller, Czech footballer
1973 - Adam Goldstein, American keyboardist, DJ and producer (d. 2009)
1975 - Paul Griffen, New Zealand-Italian rugby player
From 1976
1976 - Ty Conklin, American ice hockey player
1976 - Ayako Kawasumi, Japanese voice actress
1976 - Mark McClelland, Irish musician
1976 - Troels Lund Poulsen, Danish politician
1978 – Chris Paterson, Scottish rugby player
1978 - Simon Webbe, English singer (Blue)
1978 - Teemu Aalto, Finnish ice hockey player
1979 – Anatoliy Tymoschuk, Ukrainian footballer
1979 – Norah Jones, American singer and musician
1980 – Ricardo Osorio, Mexican footballer
1981 – Andrea Masi, Italian rugby player
1981 - Jammal Brown, American football player
1981 - Katy Mixon, American actress
1982 - A-Trak, Canadian DJ and record producer
1982 - Jason Dohring, American actor
1982 - Philippe Mexès, French footballer
1983 - Sarah Stevenson, British taekwondoka
1984 – Mario Ancic, Croatian tennis player
1984 – Samantha Stosur, Australian tennis player
1986 – Sergio Ramos, Spanish footballer
1986 - Beni, Japanese singer
1987 - Juan Pablo Pino, Colombian footballer
1987 - Calum Elliot, Scottish footballer
1987 - Marc-Edouard Vlasic, Canadian ice hockey player
1988 - Richard Sherman, American football player
1990 - Lee Gi-kwang, South Korean singer, dancer and actor
1990 - Cassie Scerbo, American singer, dancer and actress
1992 - Stuart Armstrong, Scottish footballer
1993 - Anitta, Brazilian singer, songwriter, actress and dancer
1993 - Song Min-ho, South Korean rapper, composer and songwriter
1994 - Haruka Shimazaki, Japanese singer (AKB48)
1994 - Sarah Solovay, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1994 - Jetro Willems, Dutch footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
116 - Quirinus of Neuss, Roman martyr and saint
365 – Jin Aidi, Emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (b. 341)
987 - Arnulf II of Flanders
1202 - Joachim Fiore, Italian mystic and theologian (b. 1135)
1472 - Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy (b. 1435)
1486 - Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury
1526 – Konrad Mutian, German humanist (b. 1471)
1559 – Adam Ries, German mathematician (b. 1492)
1587 - Ralph Sadler, English statesman (b. 1507)
1764 – Pietro Locatelli, Italian composer (b. 1695)
1783 – William Hunter, Scottish anatomist (b. 1718)
1804 - Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, French aristocrat and soldier (b. 1718)
1830 – Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Baden (b. 1763)
1864 - Louis Schindelmeisser, German clarinetist, composer and conductor (b. 1811)
1873 - Benedict Morel, French physicist (b. 1809)
1879 - Thomas Couture, French painter and teacher (b. 1815)
1886 - Joseph-Alfred Mousseau, 6th Premier of Quebec (b. 1838)
1896 – Charilaos Trikoupis, Greek Prime Minister (b. 1832)
1901 2000
1912 – Karl May, German writer (b. 1842)
1914 – John Henry Poynting, English physicist (b. 1852)
1925 – Rudolf Steiner, Austrian philosopher (b. 1861)
1935 - Romanos Melikian, Armenian composer (b. 1873)
1939 - Richard Steiff, German businessman and teddy bear creator (b. 1877)
1943 - Jan Bytnar, Polish activist (b. 1921)
1943 - Maciej Aleksy Dawidowski, Polish activist (b. 1920)
1949 – Friedrich Bergius, German chemist (b. 1884)
1950 – Léon Blum, Prime Minister of France (b. 1872)
1952 – Jigme Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (b. 1905)
1954 - Pauline Brunius, Swedish actress and director (b. 1881)
1955 - Harl McDonald, American pianist, composer and conductor (b. 1899)
1959 - Daniil Andreev, Russian writer and mystic (b. 1906)
1959 - Riccardo Zandla, Italian-Slovenian poet (b. 1875)
1961 - Philibert Jacques Melotte, British astronomer (b. 1880)
1963 - Alexander Gauk, Russian conductor and composer (b. 1893)
1964 - Nella Larsen, American writer (b. 1891)
1965 – Philip Showalter Hench, American physician (b. 1896)
1966 - Erwin Piscator, German director and producer (b. 1893)
1967 - Jean Toomer, American writer (b. 1894)
1968 - Bobby Driscoll, American actor (b. 1937)
1970 – Heinrich Bruening, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1885)
1973 - Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish aristocrat and aviator (b. 1903)
1977 – Abdel Halim Hafez, Egyptian singer and actor (b. 1929)
1979 - Airey Neave, English soldier and politician (b. 1916)
1984 - Karl Rahner, German theologian (b. 1904)
1985 - Harold Peary, American actor and singer (b. 1908)
1986 – James Cagney, American actor (b. 1899)
1988 - Edgar Faure, Prime Minister of France (b. 1908)
1990 - Harry Peary, Australian-American union leader (b. 1901)
2000 – Rudolf Kirchschlaeger, President of Austria (b. 1915)
From 2001
2002 – Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, Queen Mother of the United Kingdom (b. 1900)
2003 – Valentin Pavlov, Soviet politician (b. 1937)
2003 - Michael Jeter, American actor (b. 1952)
2005 – Mitch Hedberg, American comedian (b. 1968)
2008 – Dith Pran, Cambodian photojournalist (b. 1942)
2010 – Martin Sandberger, German military officer (b. 1911)
2011 – Lyudmila Gurchenko, Russian actress and singer (b. 1935)
2013 - Phil Ramone, South African-American record producer (b. 1934)
2013 - Valeri Zolotuchin, Russian actor (b. 1941)
2014 - Phuntsok Wangyal, Tibetan-Chinese politician (b. 1922)
2014 - Kate O'Mara, British actress (b. 1939)
2014 - Jan de Graaff, Dutch television journalist (b. 1943)
2015 - Helmut Dietl, German movie director (b. 1944)
2015 - Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld, Dutch astronomer (b. 1921)
2015 - Philip A. Potter, Dominican Methodist church leader (b. 1921)
2016 - Anne Aasheim, Norwegian newspaper editor (b. 1962)
2016 - Bernard Lamarre, Canadian engineer and businessman (b. 1931)
2016 - Bill Rosendahl, American politician (b. 1945)
2016 - Gianmaria Testa, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1958)
2016 - Shirley Hufstedler, American lawyer and judge (b. 1925)
2016 - Khuzaima Qutbuddin, Indian Islamic leader (b. 1940)
2017 - Richard Bustillo, American martial arts instructor (b. 1942)
2017 - Donald Harvey, American serial killer (b. 1952)
2018 - André Bo-Boliko Lokonga, 9th Prime minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (b. 1934)
2018 - Bill Maynard, English actor (b. 1928)
2020 - Bill Withers, American musician (b. 1938)
Observances
Land Day (Palestine)
National Doctors' Day (United States)
Days of the year |
9865 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2027 | March 27 |
Events
Up to 1900
47 BC – The Relocation of Power of Cleopatra VII with help Roman dictator Julius Caesar in Egypt.
1306 – Robert I of Scotland and Elizabeth de Burgh are crowned King and Queen of the Scots.
1513 – (not 1512 as often cited) – Explorer Juan Ponce de León sights North America (specifically Florida) for the first time, mistaking it for another island.
1625 – Charles I becomes King of England and Scotland.
1782 – Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1794 – The government of the United States establishes a permanent United States Navy and authorizes the building of six sailing frigates.
1794 – Denmark and Sweden form a neutrality compact.
1814 – War of 1812: In central Alabama, United States forces under General Andrew Jackson defeat the Creek at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
1836 – Texas Revolution: Goliad massacre – Antonio López de Santa Anna orders the Mexican army to kill about 400 Texans at Goliad, Texas.
1846 – Mexican-American War: Siege of Fort Texas.
1851 – First reported case of Europeans seeing Yosemite Valley.
1854 - Crimean War: The United Kingdom declares war on Russia.
1871 – The first international rugby football match, Scotland v. England, is played in Edinburgh at Raeburn Place.
1886 - Apache warrior Geronimo surrenders to the United States Army, ending the main phase of the Apache Wars.
1890 - A tornado hits Louisville, Kentucky, killing 76 people.
1899 - Emilio Aguinaldo leads Filipino forces for the only time in the Philippine-American War.
1901 2000
1910 - A fire at a barn-dance in Hungary kills 312 people.
1915 - Mary Mallon, known as Typhoid Mary, is quarantined for the rest of her life.
1918 – Moldova and Bessarabia join Romania.
1923 – FART construction completed.
1941 – Britain supports Peter II of Yugoslavia in a coup in Yugoslavia.
1942 – World War II: United Kingdom forces raid the U-boat base at St. Nazaire, France.
1945 – World War II: Operation Starvation, the aerial mining of Japan's ports and waterways begins.
1952 – Sun Records begins operations.
1958 – Nikita Khrushchev becomes Premier of the Soviet Union.
1963 – Dr Beeching issues a report calling for huge cuts to the United Kingdom's rail network. See Beeching axe.
1964 – The Good Friday Earthquake, the most powerful earthquake in U.S. history at a magnitude of 9.2 strikes South Central Alaska, killing 125 people and inflicting massive damage to the city of Anchorage.
1969 – Mariner 7 is launched.
1975 - Building work on the Trans-Alaska Pipeline begins in Alaska.
1976 – The first 4.6 miles of the Washington, DC subway system is opened.
1977 – Tenerife disaster: Two jumbo jets collide on a foggy runway on Tenerife in the Canary Islands, killing 583.
1980 – The Norwegian oil platform Alexander Kielland collapses in the North Sea, killing 123 of its crew of 212.
1981 - The Solidarity movement in Poland stages a "warning strike", as 12 million workers walk out for 4 hours.
1984 - The musical Starlight Express is first performed in London.
1986 – Car bomb explodes at Russell Street Police HQ in Melbourne, killing 1 police officer.
1988 – Moudud Ahmed becomes Prime Minister of Bangladesh.
1989 – Generations, the first American soap opera to have an entire black family in its original core cast, commences telecasts on NBC.
1990 – Propaganda: The United States begins broadcasting TV Martí to Cuba.
1993 – Jiang Zemin is appointed President of the People's Republic of China.
1993 – Albert Zafy becomes President of Madagascar.
1993 – Mahamane Ousmane becomes President of Niger.
1994 – One of the biggest tornado outbreaks in recent memory hits the Southeastern United States. One tornado slams into a church in Piedmont, Alabama during Palm Sunday services killing 20 and injuring 90.
1995 - Forrest Gump wins six awards at the 67th Academy Awards.
1996 – Yigal Amir is sentenced to life in prison for murdering Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin.
From 2001
2002 – Passover Massacre: A suicide bomber kills 28 people in Netanya, Israel.
2002 - Nanterre Massacre: In Nanterre, France, a gunman opens fire on councilors at the end of a town council meeting, killing 8 councilors and injuring 19.
2003 – An explosion in the Nitrochimie dynamite factory in Billy-Berclau, France, kills 4 people.
2004 – HMS Scylla, a decommissioned Leander frigate, is sunk as an artificial reef off Cornwall, the first of its kind in Europe.
2006 – The United Nations Commission on Human Rights holds its final meeting.
2008 – Geert Wilders releases a movie called Fitna. The next days protests were held by people in the Middle East.
2009 – The Situ Gintung Dam breaks in Indonesia, leading to at least 99 deaths.
2009 - A suicide bomber kills at least 48 people at a mosque in Khyber Agency, Pakistan.
2016 - A bomb attack on people celebrating Easter in Lahore, Pakistan, kills over 70 people.
Births
Up to 1800
45 - Statius, Roman poet (d. 96)
765– Harun al-Rashid, Abbasid Caliph (d. 809)
972 – Robert II of France (d. 1031)
1123 – Emperor Shizong of Jin (d. 1189)
1196 - Sviatoslav III of Vladimir (d. 1252)
1306 - Philip III of Navarre (d. 1343)
1416 - Antonio Squarcialupi, Italian organist and composer (d. 1480)
1416 - Francis of Paola, Italian friar and saint (d. 1507)
1679 - Domenico Lalli, Italian poet and librettist (d. 1741)
1702 - Johann Ernst Eberlin, German organist and composer (d. 1762)
1710 - Joseph Abaco, Belgian cellist and composer (d. 1805)
1714 - Francesco Antonio Zaccaria, Italian historian and theologian (d. 1795)
1753 - Edward Pigott, British astronomer (d. 1825)
1761 – James Sykes, 14th Governor of Delaware (d. 1822)
1765 - Franz Xaver von Baader, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1841)
1767 - Charles Didelot, Swedish-French dancer and choreographer (d. 1837)
1785 – King Louis XVII of France (d. 1795)
1801 1900
1802 – Charles-Mathias Simons, 3rd Prime Minister of Luxembourg (d. 1874)
1809 – Georges-Eugène Haussmann, French civic engineer (d. 1891)
1809 – Jean-Louis Beaudry, 11th Mayor of Montreal (d. 1886)
1813 - Nathaniel Currier, American illustrator (d. 1888)
1813 - David Monro, Scottish-New Zealand physician and politician (d. 1877)
1817 – Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli, Swiss botanist and biologist (d. 1891)
1822 - Henri Murger, French author and poet (d. 1861)
1824 - Virginia Minor, American activist (d. 1894)
1827 - Ernesto Rossi, Italian actor and playwright (d. 1896)
1839 - John Ballance, 14th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1893)
1845 – Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1923)
1847 – Otto Wallach, German chemist (d. 1931)
1849 - Carlo Dossi, Italian author and diplomat (d. 1910)
1854 - Georges Eekhoud, novelist (d. 1927)
1857 - Karl Pearson, British mathematician (d. 1936)
1861 - Nikolay Demyanov, Russian chemist (d. 1938)
1863 – Henry Royce, English automobile pioneer (d. 1933)
1865 - Alessandro Verde, Italian cardinal (d. 1958)
1866 - John Allan, Australian politician, 29th Premier of Victoria (d. 1936)
1869 – James McNeill, 2nd Governor-General of the Irish Free State (d. 1938)
1869 - Walter Dohm, American runner (d. 1894)
1871 – Heinrich Mann, German writer (d. 1950)
1873 - Christophorus III, Georgian Patriarch (d. 1932)
1874 – Andrés de Segurola, Spanish bass (d. 1953)
1876 – Ermenegildo Pellegrinetti, Italian cardinal (d. 1943)
1879 – Edward Steichen, Luxembourg-American photographer (d. 1973)
1879 - Sandor Garbai, 19th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1947)
1885 - Julio Lozano Diaz, 40th President of Honduras (d. 1957)
1886 – Sergey Kirov, Soviet politician (d. 1934)
1886 – Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, German architect (d. 1969)
1891 – Lajos Zilahy, Hungarian playwright and writer (d. 1974)
1893 – Karl Mannheim, Hungarian sociologist and philosopher(d. 1947)
1894 - Soeprapto, Indonesian lawyer and judge (d. 1964)
1898 – Alma Tell, American stage and movie actress (d. 1937)
1898 - Titina De Filippo, Italian actress (d. 1963)
1898 - Maria Rasputin, daughter of Grigori Rasputin (d. 1977)
1899 – Gloria Swanson, American actress (d. 1983)
1900 - Arleigh Winston Scott, Governor-General of Barbados (d. 1976)
1901 1950
1901 – Carl Barks, American cartoonist and screenwriter (d. 2000)
1901 – Erich Ollenhauer, German publicist, historian and writer (d. 1963)
1901 – Eisaku Sato, Japanese statesman, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1975)
1901 – Kenneth Slessor, Australian poet (d. 1971)
1903 – Xavier Villaurrutia, Mexican dramatist (d. 1950)
1905 - Rudolf Christoph Freiherr von Gersdorff, German military officer and Resistance activist (d. 1980)
1906 – Pee Wee Russell, American clarinet player and songwriter (d. 1969)
1909 - Golo Mann, German writer, historian and publicist (d. 1994)
1912 – James Callaghan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 2005)
1913 - Theodor Dannecker, German SS officer (d. 1945)
1914 – Budd Schulberg, American screenwriter (d. 2009)
1915 - Bernardo Poli, Italian footballer (d. 1944)
1915 - Wang Daohan, Chinese politician, Mayor of Shanghai (d. 2005)
1917 – Cyrus Vance, 57th United States Secretary of State (d. 2002)
1920 - Richard Hayman, American musician and conductor (d. 2014)
1921 – Moacir Barbosa Nascimento, Brazilian footballer (d. 2000)
1921 – Fred Foy, American radio and television presenter (d. 2010)
1922 – Dick King-Smith, British writer (d. 2011)
1923 - Lorenzo Semple Jr., American screenwriter (d. 2014)
1924 - Sarah Vaughan, American jazz singer and pianist (d. 1990)
1925 - Henry Plumb, Baron Plumb, English farmer and politician
1927 – Mstislav Rostropovich, Russian cellist and conductor (d. 2007)
1930 – Daniel Spoerri, Romanian-Swiss artist, writer and director
1931 - Stephen Reinhardt, American judge (d. 2018)
1932 – Roberto Farias, Brazilian screenwriter and director
1932 - Bailey Olter, 3rd President of the Federated States of Micronesia (d. 1999)
1934 – Peter Schamoni, German movie director, screenwriter, and producer (d. 2011)
1934 - Jutta Limbach, German jurist and politician (d. 2016)
1934 - Ioannis Paleokrassas, Greek politician
1935 - Lars Andreas Larssen, Norwegian actor (d. 2014)
1937 - Thomas Aquinas Daly, American painter
1937 - Alan Hawkshaw, English keyboardist and songwriter
1941 – Liese Prokop, Austrian politician (d. 2006)
1941 – Ivan Gasparovic, former President of Slovakia
1942 – John E. Sulston, British chemist (d. 2018)
1942 – Michael York, British actor
1944 - Enrique Baron Crespo, Spanish politician
1944 – Miguel Enríquez, Chilean physician and activist (d. 1974)
1944 - Lydia Yu-Jose, Filipino political scientist (d. 2014)
1945 – Liddy Holloway, New Zealand actress (d. 2004)
1945 - Harry Rowohlt, German writer (d. 2015)
1946 – Olaf Malolepski, German musician
1946 – Michael Aris, British psychologist and writer, husband of Aung San Suu Kyi (d. 1999)
1947 – Aleksandr Viktorenko, Soviet pilot and cosmonaut
1947 - Daphne Todd, English painter
1947 - John Mayhew, English-American musician (Genesis) (d. 2009)
1950 – Tony Banks, British musician (Genesis)
1950 - Julia Alvarez, Dominican-American poet and novelist
1951 1975
1952 – Maria Schneider, French actress (d. 2011)
1953 - Gabriele Gatti, Sammarinese politician
1955 – Mariano Rajoy, Prime Minister of Spain
1955 – Christian Sarron, French motorcycle racer
1958 - Peter Howson, Scottish painter
1960 – Renato Russo, Brazilian rock singer-songwriter (d. 1996)
1961 – Tak Matsumoto, Japanese guitarist and songwriter (B'z)
1962 – John O'Farrell, English writer and broadcaster
1963 – Quentin Tarantino, American director, writer, and producer
1963 - Xuxa, Brazilian actress and singer
1964 - Clive Rowe, English actor
1964 - Ann Sidney, English actress and television host
1967 - Anthony Thornton, New Zealand field hockey player
1967 - Talisa Soto, American actress and model
1968 - Isabelle Tuchband, French-Brazilian sculptor and painter
1969 - Gianluigi Lentini, Italian footballer
1970 – Mariah Carey, American singer-songwriter
1970 – Derek Aucoin, Canadian baseball player
1970 - Jarrod McCracken, New Zealand rugby player
1971 – Matthew Pegg, English bass player and songwriter (Procol Harum)
1971 – David Coulthard, Scottish racing driver and sports commentator (BBC)
1971 – Leila Pahlavi, Iranian princess (d. 2001)
1972 – Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink, Dutch footballer
1972 – Charlie Haas, American professional wrestler
1973 – Rui Jorge, Portuguese footballer
1973 - Ade Adepitan, British basketball player
1974 – Gaizka Mendieta, Spanish footballer
1975 – Stacy "Fergie" Ferguson, American musician (Black Eyed Peas)
From 1976
1976 – Danny Fortson, American basketball player
1977 - Noname Jane, American pornographic actress
1979 – Lee Ji-hoon, South Korean singer-songwriter and actor
1979 – Denis Golovanov, Russian tennis player
1980 - Cesare Cremonini, Italian singer-songwriter and actor
1981 – Cacau, Brazilian-German footballer
1981 – JJ Lin, Chinese singer-songwriter and actor
1981 - Brian Miner, American comedian
1982 - Tracy Phillips, American actress, dancer and choreographer
1984 - Adam Ashley-Cooper, Australian rugby player
1984 – Brett Holman, Australian footballer
1985 – Oren Eizenman, Israeli-Canadian ice hockey player
1986 – Manuel Neuer, German footballer
1987 – Chad Denny, Canadian ice hockey player
1987 - Lene Egeli, Norwegian model
1987 - Polina Gagarina, Russian singer
1988 – Jessie J, English singer
1988 – Brenda Song, American actress
1988 - Atsuto Uchida, Japanese footballer
1990 - Kimbra, New Zealand singer-songwriter
1990 - Joselu, German-Spanish footballer
1991 - Shayne Whittington, American basketball player
1993 - Matt Hobden, English cricketer (d. 2016)
1997 - Princess Sara bint Al Faisal of Jordan
1997 - Princess Aisha bint Al Faisal of Jordan
1997 - Lisa Manoban, member of Kpop girl group Blackpink
2000 - Sophie Nélisse, Canadian actress
2004 - Amira Willighagen, Dutch singer
2006 - Josh Mayer,YouTuber
Deaths
Up to 1900
710 - Rupert of Salzburg, Austrian saint (b. 660)
1191 – Pope Clement III (b. 1130)
1350 – Alfonso XI of Castile (b. 1312)
1378 – Pope Gregory XI (b. 1336)
1462 – Vasili II of Russia (b. 1415)
1482 – Mary of Burgundy (b. 1457)
1615 – Margaret of Valois, queen of Henry IV of France (b. 1553)
1625 – King James I of England and Ireland, James VI of Scotland (b. 1566)
1676 – Bernardino de Rebolledo, Spanish poet, soldier and diplomat (b. 1597)
1714 – Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel, Queen of Denmark (b. 1650)
1737 - Vakhtang VI of Kartli, Georgian King (b. 1675)
1745 - Tommaso Crudeli, Italian free thinker, poet and lawyer (b. 1702)
1840 - Philipp Albert Stapfer, Swiss philosopher and politician (b. 1786)
1844 - Dmitry Golitsyn, Russian-French general, statesman and writer (b. 1771)
1849 - Archibald Acheson, 2nd Earl of Gosford, 35th Governor General of Canada (b. 1776)
1850 – Wilhelm Beer, German astronomer (b. 1797)
1867 - Prideaux John Selby, English ornithologist, botanist and artist (b. 1788)
1869 - James Harper, American politician, 69th Mayor of New York City (b. 1795)
1875 - Juan Crisostomo Torrico, President of Peru (b. 1808)
1878 – George Gilbert Scott, English architect (b. 1811)
1898 – Sir Syed Ahmed Khan Bahadur, Indian philosopher and activist (b. 1817)
1901 2000
1910 - Alexander Emanuel Agassiz, Swiss-American scientist and engineer (b. 1835)
1918 – Henry Adams, American historian (b. 1838)
1921 - Harry Barron, 16th Governor of Western Australia (b. 1847)
1923 – James Dewar, Scottish chemist (b. 1842)
1926 – Georges Vézina, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1887)
1931 – Arnold Bennett, British novelist (b. 1867)
1934 - Francis William Reitz, South African politician, 5th President of the Orange Free State (b. 1844)
1940 – Michael Joseph Savage, Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1872)
1947 - Edith Craig, English actress, director, producer and fashion designer (b. 1869)
1952 – Kiichiro Toyoda, Japanese industrialist (b. 1894)
1954 - Walter M. Pierce, American politician, 17th Governor of Oregon (b. 1861)
1958 - Leon C. Phillips, American politician, 11th Governor of Oklahoma (b. 1890)
1967 – Jaroslav Heyrovsky, Czech chemist (b. 1890)
1968 – Yuri Gagarin, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1934)
1968 - Vladimir Seryogin, Russian pilot (b. 1922)
1969 - Antonio Pigliaru, Italian jurist and philosopher (b. 1922)
1971 - Albin Grau, German architect, occultist, production designer, artist and producer (b. 1884)
1972 – M. C. Escher, Dutch artist (b. 1898)
1974 - Eduardo Santos, 15th President of Colombia (b. 1888)
1975 - Arthur Bliss, English conductor and composer (b. 1891)
1981 - Mao Dun, Chinese journalist, author and critic (b. 1895)
1982 - Betty Schade, German-American actress (b. 1895)
1988 – Renato Salvatori, Italian actor (b. 1934)
1993 – Kamal Hassan Ali, Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1921)
1993 - Clifford Jordan, American saxophonist (b. 1931)
1997 - Layne Dwinell, American politician, 69th Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1906)
1998 – Ferdinand Anton Ernst Porsche, Austrian technician and automobile designer (b. 1909)
1999 – Michael Aris, British academic and husband of Aung San Suu Kyi (b. 1946)
1999 - Ernestina de Champourcin, Spanish poet (b. 1905)
2000 – Ian Dury, British musician (b. 1942)
From 2001
2002 – Milton Berle, American actor, entertainer and comedian (b. 1908)
2002 – Dudley Moore, British actor (b. 1935)
2002 – Billy Wilder, Austrian-born director (b. 1906)
2006 – Stanisław Lem, Polish writer (b. 1921)
2007 – Paul Lauterbur, American chemist (b. 1929)
2010 – Dick Giordano, American comic artist (b. 1932)
2010 – Peter Herbolzheimer, German musician (b. 1935)
2010 – Vasily Smyslov, Russian chess player (b. 1921)
2010 – Stanley Vann, British church musician (b. 1910)
2011 – Farley Granger, American actor (b. 1925)
2011 – Dorothea Puente, American serial killer (b. 1929)
2012 - Adrienne Rich, American poet and feminist (b. 1929)
2013 - Hjalmar Andersen, Norwegian speed skater (b. 1923)
2014 - James R. Schlesinger, American politician (b. 1929)
2014 - Jeffery Dench, English actor (b. 1928)
2014 - Per Lillo-Stenberg, Norwegian actor (b. 1928)
2014 - Richard Nelson Frye, American orientalist and historian (b. 1920)
2014 - Derek Martinus, British television director (b. 1931)
2015 - Olga Syahputra, Indonesian comedian (b. 1983)
2015 - Rod Hundley, American basketball player (b. 1934)
2015 - T. Sailo, Indian politician (b. 1922)
2015 - Amaro Silva, Canadian politician (b. 1957)
2015 - Daundre Barnaby, Jamaican-born Canadian runner (b. 1990)
2015 - B.J. Crosby, American singer and actress (b. 1952)
2015 - Rik Battaglia, Italian actor (b. 1927)
2015 - Yusuf Mohamed Ismail, Somali diplomat (b. 1960)
2016 - Mother Angelica, American nun (b. 1923)
2016 - Alain Decaux, French historian and writer (b. 1925)
2016 - Antoine Demoitié, Belgian cyclist (b. 1990)
2016 - Anatoly Savin, Russian weapons designer (b. 1920)
2016 - Vince Boryla, American basketball player and coach (b. 1927)
2017 - Arthur Blythe, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1940)
2017 - Arun Sarma, Indian playwright (b. 1931)
2017 - David Storey, English novelist (b. 1933)
2017 - Chelsea Brown, American-Australian actress (b. 1942)
2017 - Armando Nieto, Peruvian Jesuit priest and historian (b. 1931)
2017 - Elizabeth Wagele, American writer and musician (b. 1939)
2018 - Stéphane Audran, French actress (b. 1932)
2018 - Victor Kalashnikov, Russian gundesigner (b. 1942)
2018 - Eric McClintock, American businessman (b. 1918)
Observances
World Theatre Day
Armed Forces Day (Burma)
Saint Rupert of Salzburg (Roman Catholicism)
Days of the year |
9866 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2025 | March 25 |
Events
Up to 1900
421 - Venice is said to have been founded.
708 – Constantine is made Pope.
717 - Theodosius III resigns from the throne of the Byzantine Empire in order to enter the clergy.
1199 - King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6.
1306 – Robert the Bruce becomes King of Scotland.
1409 – The Council of Pisa opens.
1555 - The city of Valencia, Negros Oriental, Venezuela is founded.
1634 – The first settlers arrive in Maryland (led by Lord Baltimore).
1655 – Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is discovered by Christiaan Huygens.
1655 – Protestants take over Maryland at the Battle of the Severn.
1802 – The Treaty of Amiens is signed as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace" between France and the United Kingdom.
1807 – The Slave Trade Act becomes law, abolishing slavery in the United Kingdom.
1811 - Percy Bysshe Shelley is expelled by the University of Oxford for producing the pamphlet, The Necessity of Atheism.
1821 – Greece declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire, beginning the Greek War of Independence.
1865 – The "Claywater Meteorite" explodes just before reaching ground level in Vernon County, Wisconsin. Fragments having a combined mass of 1.5 kg are recovered.
1865 – American Civil War: In Virginia, Confederate forces capture Fort Stedman from the Union.
1894 – Coxey's Army, the first significant American protest march, departs Massillon, Ohio for Washington D.C..
1901 2000
1901 – At the five-day "Week of Nice" race in Nice, France, Mercedes wins its first racing victory.
1911 – In New York City the Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire kills 146 garment workers.
1913 – Floods kill 300 people in Dayton, Ohio.
1918 – The Belarusian National Republic was established.
1924 – Greece proclaims itself a republic.
1931 – The Scottsboro Boys are arrested in Alabama and charged with rape.
1939 – Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli becomes Pope Pius XII.
1941 – Kingdom of Yugoslavia joins the Axis powers.
1947 – A explosion in a coalmine in Centralia, Illinois kills 111.
1949 – The extensive deportation campaign was conducted in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Soviet authorities deported more than 92,000 people from Baltics to remote areas of the Soviet Union.
1955 – United States Customs seizes Allen Ginsberg's "Howl" as obscene.
1957 – The European Economic Community is established (West Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg). It later becomes the European Union.
1960 – In London, United Kingdom, Jacqueline Boyer wins the fifth Eurovision Song Contest for France singing "Tom Pillibi".
1961 – Sputnik 10 is launched into space.
1965 – Civil rights activists led by Martin Luther King, Jr. complete successfully their 4-day 50 mile march from Selma to the capitol in Montgomery.
1969 – During their honeymoon, John Lennon and Yoko Ono hold their first Bed-In for Peace in the Amsterdam Hilton Hotel (until March 31).
1971 – Bangladesh Liberation War: Beginning of Operation Searchlight of Pakistan Army against East Pakistani civilians.
1972 – In Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom, Vicky Leandros wins the seventeenth Eurovision Song Contest for Luxembourg singing "Après toi" (After you).
1975 – Faisal of Saudi Arabia is shot and killed by a mentally ill nephew.
1979 – The first fully functional space shuttle orbiter, Columbia, is delivered to the John F. Kennedy Space Center to be prepared for its first launch.
1980 – The UK announces that it will participate in the Summer Olympics in Moscow.
1988 - The Candle Demonstration in Bratislava is the first mass demonstration of the 1980s against the Communist regime in Czechoslovakia.
1990 – In New York City, a fire at an illegal social club called "Happy Land" kills 87.
1992 – Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev returns to Earth after a 10-month stay aboard the Mir space station.
1992 - The Pakistan national cricket team wins the Cricket World Cup at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Australia.
1995 – Ward Cunningham opens the first wiki, the Portland Pattern Repository.
1996 – An 81-day long standoff between the antigovernment group Montana Freemen and law enforcement in Jordan, Montana begins.
1996 – The EU's Veterinarian Committee bans the export of British beef and its by-products as a result of mad cow disease (BSE).
From 2001
2001 – Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway and Iceland implement the Schengen Agreement.
2002 – An earthquake in Afghanistan kills 2,000 people.
2004 – Air Holland files for bankruptcy in response to unproven allegations of marijuana abuse by the their pilots.
2006 – Several anti-Government demonstrators are arrested in Belarus.
2012 – Hong Kong elects CY Leung as Chief Executive.
2014 - The first cases of the Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa are officially reported in Guinea.
2015 - British Top Gear television presenter Jeremy Clarkson is fired by the BBC over a physical attack on a producer.
2015 - It is announced that Zayn Malik is leaving the boy band One Direction.
Births
Up to 1900
1157 - Alfonso II of Aragon (d. 1196)
1252 - Conradin, Duke of Swabia, King of Sicily and Jerusalem (d. 1268)
1259 – Andronikos II Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1332)
1297 – Andronikos III Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1341)
1345 – Blanche of Lancaster, wife of John of Gaunt (d. 1369)
1347 – Catherine of Siena, Italian saint (d. 1380)
1479 – Vasili III, Grand Prince of Moscow (d. 1533)
1539 - Christopher Clavius, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1612)
1541 – Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1587)
1545 - John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg (d. 1622)
1593 - Jean de Brébeuf, French-Canadian missionary and saint (d. 1649)
1661 – Paul de Rapin, French historian (d. 1725)
1714 - Matthew Griswold, American politician, Governor of Connecticut (d. 1799)
1767 – Joachim Murat, King of Naples (d. 1815)
1782 – Caroline Bonaparte, Queen of Naples (d. 1839)
1786 - Giovanni Battista Amici, Italian astronomer and botanist (d. 1863)
1808 - José de Espronceda, Spanish writer and poet (d. 1842)
1819 - Venceslaus Ulricus Hammershaimb, Faroese Lutheran minister and linguist (d. 1909)
1821 - Robert Bentley, English botanist (d. 1893)
1840 – Myles Keogh, American soldier of fortune (d. 1876)
1860 - Friedrich Naumann, German theologian and politician (d. 1919)
1865 – Alexej von Jawlensky, Russian-German painter (d. 1941)
1867 – Arturo Toscanini, Italian conductor (d. 1957)
1867 - Gutzon Borglum, American sculptor (d. 1941)
1868 - Bill Lockwood, English cricketer (d. 1932)
1871 - Louis Perée, French fencer (d. 1924)
1872 - Horatio Nelson Jackson, American racing driver and physician (d. 1955)
1873 – Rudolf Rocker, German anarchist (d. 1958)
1874 - Emperor Sunjong of Korea (d. 1926)
1876 - Irving Baxter, American jumper and pole vaulter (d. 1957)
1881 – Béla Bartók, Hungarian composer (d. 1945)
1884 – Georges Imbert, Alsatian chemist (d. 1950)
1886 – Patriarch Athenagoras of Constantinople (d. 1972)
1887 - Chuichi Nagumi, Japanese admiral (d. 1944)
1901 1950
1901 - Ed Begley, American actor (d. 1970)
1905 - Pote Sarasin, Thai politician (d. 2000)
1908 – David Lean, British movie director (d. 1991)
1910 – Magda Olivero, Italian operatic soprano (d. 2014)
1911 – Jack Ruby, assassin of Lee Harvey Oswald (d. 1967)
1914 – Norman Borlaug, American agronomist (d. 2009)
1920 – Patrick Troughton, English actor (d. 1987)
1920 – Paul Scott, British novelist (d. 1987)
1921 – Alexandra of Greece and Denmark, Queen of Yugoslavia (d. 1993)
1921 – Simone Signoret, French actress (d. 1985)
1921 - Nancy Kelly, American actress (d. 1995)
1922 - Eileen Ford, American model agency executive (d. 2014)
1924 - Machiko Kyo, Japanese actress
1926 – Laszlo Papp, Hungarian boxer (d. 2003)
1926 - Riz Ortolani, Italian composer (d. 2014)
1926 - Jaime Sabines, Mexican poet (d. 1999)
1926 - Gene Shalit, American journalist and critic
1927 - P. Shanmugam, Indian politician, 13th Chief Minister of Puducherry
1928 – Roald Aas, Norwegian speed skater (d. 2012)
1928 – Jim Lovell, American astronaut
1930 - Carlo Mauri, Italian mountaineer (d. 1982)
1931 – Paul Motian, American jazz drummer and composer (d. 2011)
1932 - Roger Wilkins, American civil rights activist and journalist (d. 2017)
1934 – Gloria Steinem, American feminist and publisher
1934 – Karlheinz Schreiber, German-Canadian industrialist, lobbyist and arms dealer
1937 - Tom Monaghan, American businessman, founded Domino's Pizza
1938 - Hoyt Axton, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1999)
1938 - Daniel Buren, French sculptor and painter
1940 - Mina, Italian singer
1940 - Anita Bryant, American singer
1940 - Anker Buch, Danish violinist (d. 2014)
1942 – Aretha Franklin, American singer (d. 2018)
1942 – Richard O'Brien, English actor, writer and composer
1942 – Kim Woodburn, English television personality
1946 - Daniel Bensaïd, French philosopher (d. 2010)
1947 – Elton John, English singer and songwriter
1951 1975
1951 - Maizie Williams, Montserratian-English performer (Boney M.)
1952 - Stephen Dorrell, English politician
1952 - Antanas Mockus, Colombian mathematician, philosopher and politician, Mayor of Bogota
1955 - Lee Mazzilli, American baseball player, coach and manager
1955 - Jim Shannon, Northern Irish politician
1957 - Christina Boxer, English runner
1957 - Aleksandr Puchkov, Russian hurdler
1958 - John Ensign, American politician
1958 - James McDaniel, American actor and director
1960 - Steve Norman, English saxophonist, songwriter and producer (Spandau Ballet)
1960 - Brenda Strong, American actress
1962 - David Nuttall, English politician
1962 – Marcia Cross, American actress
1963 - Karen Bruce, English dancer and choreographer
1964 - Mike Henry, American voice actor, writer and producer
1964 - René Meulensteen, Dutch footballer and coach
1965 - Avery Johnson, American basketball coach
1965 – Sarah Jessica Parker, American actress
1965 – Frank Ordenewitz, German footballer
1966 - Frank Ferrer, American musician (Guns N' Roses)
1966 – Jeff Healey, Canadian guitarist (d. 2008)
1967 – Debi Thomas, American figure skater
1969 - Cathy Dennis, English singer-songwriter, producer and actress
1970 - Magnus Larsson, Swedish golfer
1971 - Sheryl Swoopes, American basketball player
1972 – Yuichi Yoshimoto, Japanese footballer
1972 - Phil O'Donnell, Scottish footballer (d. 2007)
1973 - Michaela Dorfmeister, Austrian skier
1973 - Anders Fridén, Swedish singer-songwriter and producer
1974 - Kseniya Rappoport, Russian actress
1975 – Melanie Blatt, British singer
From 1976
1976 – Reema Vakarua, New Zealand-Italian rugby player
1976 - Cha Tae-hyun, South Korean actor and singer
1976 - GiGi Leung, Hong Kong actress and singer
1976 – Wladimir Klitschko, Ukrainian boxer
1979 – Muriel Hurtis-Houari, French athlete
1981 - Casey Neistadt, American YouTube personality and filmmaker
1982 – Danica Patrick, American racecar driver
1984 – Katharine McPhee, American singer and actress
1985 - Carmen Rasmussen, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and actress
1987 – Jason Castro, American singer
1987 – Nobunari Oda, Japanese figure skater
1987 – Jacob Bagersted, Danish handball player
1987 – Victor Obinna, Nigerian footballer
1988 – Erik Knudsen, Canadian actor
1988 - Ryan Lewis, American DJ and producer
1989 – Scott Sinclair, English footballer
1989 – Alyson Michalka, American actress
1991 – Seychelle Gabriel, American actress
1991 - Samia Yusuf Omar, Somali sprinter (d. 2012)
2005 - Zack Raines,Great Canadian
Deaths
Up to 1900
752 – Pope-elect Stephen
1223 – Afonso II of Portugal (b. 1185)
1345 – Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (b. 1281)
1558 - Marcos de Niza, French friar and explorer (b. 1495)
1583 - Juan de Garay, Spanish conquistador (b. 1528)
1620 – Johannes Nucius, German composer (b. 1556)
1732 - Lucy Filippini, Italian saint (b. 1672)
1751 – Frederick I of Sweden (b. 1676)
1801 – Novalis, German poet (b. 1772)
1818 - Caspar Wessel, Norwegian-Danish mathematician and cartographer (b. 1745)
1860 - James Braid, Scottish surgeon and physician (b. 1795)
1862 – John Peisley, first Australian born bushranger, hanged (b. 1835)
1873 – Wilhelm Marstrand, Danish painter (b. 1810)
1901 2000
1914 – Frédéric Mistral, French poet (b. 1830)
1917 – Spyridon Samaras, Greek composer (b. 1861)
1918 – Claude Debussy, French composer (b. 1862)
1919 - Wilhelm Lehmbruck, German sculptor and artist (b. 1881)
1931 - Ida B. Wells, American journalist and activist (b. 1862)
1932 - Harriet Backer, Norwegian painter (b. 1845)
1945 – Franz Oppenhoff, German jurist and Mayor of Aachen (b. 1902)
1957 - Max Ophüls, German director and screenwriter (b. 1902)
1967 - Renato Cellini, Italian conductor (b. 1913)
1969 - Max Eastman, American poet (b. 1883)
1973 – Edward Steichen, Luxembourg-American photographer (b. 1879)
1975 – Faisal of Saudi Arabia (b. 1906)
1975 – Juan Gaudino, Argentine racing driver (b. 1893)
1979 - Akinoumi Setsuo, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1914)
1980 – Roland Barthes, French literary critic and writer (b. 1915)
1980 – Walter Susskind, Czech conductor (b. 1913)
1988 - Robert Joffrey, American dancer, choreographer and director (b. 1931)
1991 - Marcel Lefebvre, French archbishop (b. 1905)
1992 - Nancy Walker, American actress (b. 1922)
1994 - Max Petitpierre, Swiss politician (b. 1899)
1999 – Cal Ripken, Sr., American baseball manager (b. 1936)
From 2001
2002 – Kenneth Wolstenholme, British football commentator (b. 1920)
2005 – Paul Henning, American TV and movie producer (b. 1911)
2006 – Buck Owens, American singer and TV personality (b. 1926)
2007 – Andranik Margaryan, Armenian politician (b. 1951)
2008 – Abby Mann, American movie writer and producer (b. 1927)
2009 – Yukio Endo, Japanese gymnast (b. 1937)
2010 – Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann, German political scientist (b. 1916)
2012 – Antonio Tabucchi, Italian writer (b. 1943)
2014 - Nanda, Indian actress (b. 1939)
2014 - Ralph Wilson, American businessman (b. 1918)
2014 - Jerry Roberts, British World War II code breaker (b. 1920)
2014 - Mohammad Ebrahim Bastani Parizi, Iranian historian and writer (b. 1924)
2014 - Jonathan Schell, American writer, journalist and activist (b. 1943)
2014 - Sonny Ruberto, American baseball player (b. 1946)
2015 - George Fischbeck, American weatherman (b. 1922)
2015 - Ivo Garrani, Italian actor (b. 1924)
2015 - Dick Bond, American politician (b. 1921)
2015 - Bill Slayback, American baseball player (b. 1948)
2015 - Ron Suart, English footballer (b. 1920)
2016 - Abu Ala al-Afri, Iraqi militant (b. 1958)
2016 - Clodomir Santos de Morais, Brazilian sociologist (b. 1928)
2016 - Paolo Poli, Italian actor (b. 1929)
2016 - Imre Pozsgay, Hungarian politician (b. 1933)
2016 - David Snellgrove, British Tibetologist (b. 1920)
2017 - Teodor Oizerman, Soviet-Russian philosopher (b. 1914)
2017 - Cuthbert Sebastian, Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (b. 1921)
Observances
Annunciation of Blessed Virgin Mary (Catholicism)
Lady Day – Old official New Year's Day, before it was changed to January 1
Mother's Day (Slovenia)
Independence Day in Greece
Maryland Day
Days of the year |
9867 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2023 | March 23 |
Events
Up to 1900
752 – Stephen II becomes Pope.
1400 - The Tran Dynasty of Vietnam is deposed after 175 years in power, by Ho Quy Ly, a court official.
1568 – Peace of Longjumeau ends the Second War of Religion in France. Again Catherine of Medici and Charles IX of France make substantial concessions to the Huguenots.
1708 – James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth.
1775 – American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his famous speech – "give me liberty or give me death" at St. John's Church in Richmond, Virginia.
1801 – Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death in his bedroom at St. Michael Palace.
1806 – After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their arduous journey home.
1821 - Greek War of Independence: Battle of Kalamata and fall of the city of Kalamata.
1839 – First recorded use of "OK" as an abbreviation for "oll korrect" in the Boston Morning Post.
1848 – The ship John Wickliffe arrives at Port Chalmers carrying the first Scottish settlers for Dunedin, New Zealand. Otago province is founded.
1848 - Venice declares independence from Austria. This leads to the creation of the Republic of San Marco, under Prime Minister Daniele Manin, which lasts until August 23, 1849.
1857 – Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway, New York City.
1862 - American Civil War: First Battle of Kernstown - start of Stonewall Jackson's valley campaign.
1868 – The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.
1879 - War of the Pacific: The Battle of Topater, the first major battle of the war, is fought between Chile and the joint forces of Peru and Bolivia.
1888 - In England, the Football League first meets.
1889 – Land run: President Benjamin Harrison opens Oklahoma to white settlement starting on April 22.
1889 – The free Woolwich Ferry officially opens in east London.
1901 2000
1901 - President of the Philippines Emilio Aguinaldo is captured by US forces.
1903 – The Wright Brothers apply for a patent on their invention of one of the first successful airplanes after much hard work.
1905 - Eleftherios Venizelos calls for Crete's union with Greece.
1909 – Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for a post-presidency safari in Africa. The trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society.
1918 - World War I: Third day of the German spring offensive - the 10th Battalion of the Royal West Kent Regiment is heavily defeated, with many being taken prisoner.
1919 – In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement.
1931 – Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt are hanged during the Indian struggle for independence. Their request to be shot by a firing squad is refused.
1933 – The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.
1935 – Signing of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
1937 - Spanish Civil War: Republican forces have their last major victory of the war in the Battle of Guadalajara.
1939 - The Hungarian air force attacks the headquarters of the Slovakian air force in the city of Spisska Nova Ves, killing 13 people.
1940 – The Lahore Resolution (Qarardad-e-Pakistan or the then Qarardad-e-Lahore) is put forward at the Annual General Convention of the All India Muslim League.
1942 – World War II: In the Indian Ocean, Japanese forces capture the Andaman Islands.
1950 - World Meteorological Organization is founded.
1956 – Pakistan becomes the first Islamic Republic in the world.
1962 – NS Savannah, the first nuclear-powered cargo-passenger ship, was launched as a showcase for Dwight D. Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace initiative.
1963 – In London, United Kingdom, Grethe & Jørgen Ingmann win the eighth Eurovision Song Contest for Denmark singing "Dansevise" (Dancing tune).
1965 – NASA launches Gemini 3, the United States' first two-man space flight (crew: Gus Grissom and John Young).
1972 - The United Tasmania Front is founded in Hobart, Tasmania, led by Richard Jones, as the world's first "Green Party".
1978 – The first UNIFIL troops arrived in Lebanon for peacekeeping mission along the Blue Line.
1982 - Guatemala's government, led by Fernando Romeo Lucas Garcia is overthrown in a military coup by right-wing General Efrain Rios Montt.
1983 – Strategic Defense Initiative: US President Ronald Reagan makes his initial proposal to develop technology to intercept enemy missiles.
1989 – Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann announce cold fusion at the University of Utah.
1989 – A 1,000-foot diameter Near-Earth asteroid misses the Earth by 400,000 miles.
1991 - The 11-year Sierra Leone Civil War begins.
1994 – At an election rally in Tijuana, Mexican presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated by Mario Aburto Martinez.
1994 - Aeroflot Flight 593 crashes in Siberia, when the pilot's 15-year-old son accidentally disengages the autopilot, killing all 75 people on board.
1996 – Taiwan holds its first direct elections and chooses Lee Teng-hui as President.
1998 - James Cameron's movie Titanic wins several Academy Awards on one night, making it one of Hollywood's most successful movies ever.
1999 – Gunmen assassinate Paraguay's Vice President Luis María Argaña.
From 2001
2001 – The Russian Mir space station is disposed of, breaking up in the atmosphere before falling into the southern Pacific Ocean near Fiji.
2001 – The World Wrestling Federation (WWF) (now World Wrestling Entertainment) purchases rival organization World Championship Wrestling (WCW) for an estimated $5 million.
2003 – In Nasiriyah, Iraq, 18 U.S. Marines are killed during the first major conflict of Operation Iraqi Freedom.
2003 - In Slovenia, referendums are held on memberships of the EU and NATO, with a majority in favor of both proposals.
2004 – Andhra Pradesh Federation of Trade Unions holds its first conference in Hyderabad, India.
2005 – The United States 11th Circuit Court of Appeals, in a 2-1 decision, refuses to order the reinsertion of Terri Schiavo's feeding tube.
2013 - Pope Francis meets former Pope Benedict XVI at Castel Gandolfo, Italy, making it the first such meeting between a Pope and a former Pope.
2015 - A multi-vehicle pile-up, including a bus crash, kills 36 people in Harmey, 320 kilometers north of Lima.
Births
Up to 1900
1429 – Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of England (d. 1482)
1501 - Pietro Andrea Mattioli, Italian physician and botanist (d. 1577)
1599 - Thomas Selle, German composer (d. 1663)
1638 - Frederik Ruysch, Dutch physician and anatomist (d. 1731)
1643 - Mary of Jesus de Leon y Delgado, Spanish saint (d. 1731)
1645 – William Kidd, Scottish sailor (d. 1701)
1723 – Agha Mohammad Khan Ghajar, King of Persia (d. 1771)
1732 - Marie Adelaide of France (d. 1800)
1749 - Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1827)
1754 – Jurij Vega, Slovenian mathematician, physicist and artillery officer (d. 1802)
1769 - William Smith, English geologist (d. 1839)
1795 - Bernt Michael Holmboe, Norwegian mathematician (d. 1850)
1799 - Joshua Baker, Governor of Louisiana (d. 1885)
1814 - Gertrudis Gomez de Avellaneda, Cuban writer, poet and activist (d. 1873)
1823 – Schuyler Colfax, 17th Vice President of the United States (d. 1885)
1826 - Ludwig Minkus, Austrian ballet composer, violin virtuoso and teacher (d. 1917)
1829 - N. R. Pogson, English astronomer and mathematician (d. 1891)
1831 – Eduard Schlagintweit, German writer (d. 1866)
1854 - Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner, British politician (d. 1925)
1858 – Ludwig Quidde, German pacifist, Nobel Peace Prize winner (d. 1941)
1862 - Nathaniel Reed, American outlaw-turned-evangelist (d. 1950)
1869 - Calouste Gulbenkian, Armenian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1955)
1871 - Heinrich Schroth, German actor (d. 1945)
1872 - Michael Joseph Savage, 23rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1940)
1876 - Ziya Gökalp, Turkish sociologist, poet and activist (d. 1924)
1876 - Thakin Kodaw Hmaing, Burmese poet, writer and politician (d. 1964)
1880 – Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish politician (d. 1922)
1881 – Roger Martin du Gard, French writer (d. 1958)
1881 – Hermann Staudinger, German chemist (d. 1965)
1881 - Lacey Hearn, American athlete and sprinter (d. 1969)
1882 – Emmy Noether, German mathematician (d. 1935)
1887 – Juan Gris, Spanish Cubist painter (d. 1927)
1887 – Felix Yusupov, Russian, assassin of Grigori Rasputin (d. 1967)
1893 - G. D. Naidu, Indian inventor and engineer (d. 1974)
1895 - Encarnacion Alzona, Filipino historian and educator (d. 2001)
1895 - Dane Rudhyar, French-American astrologer, author and composer (d. 1985)
1899 – Dora Gerson, German actress and singer (d. 1943)
1900 – Erich Fromm, German-born psychoanalyst (d. 1980)
1901 1950
1904 - German Busch, President of Bolivia (d. 1939)
1905 – Lale Andersen, German singer and actress (d. 1972)
1905 – Joan Crawford, American actress (d. 1977)
1906 - José Della Torre, Argentine footballer (d. 1979)
1907 – Daniel Bovet, Swiss scientist (d. 1992)
1910 – Akira Kurosawa, Japanese movie director (d. 1998)
1912 – Wernher von Braun, German physicist and engineer (d. 1977)
1915 – Vasily Zaytsev, Soviet World War II figure (d. 1991)
1915 - Thomas Pashby, Canadian advocate for safety in ice hockey (d. 2005)
1918 - Stanley Armour Dunham, Barack Obama's grandfather (d. 1992)
1918 - Emile Derlin Zinsou, former President of Benin
1920 - Tetsuharu Kawakami, Japanese baseball player and coach
1921 – Donald Campbell, British car and motorboat racer (d. 1967)
1922 - Marty Allen, American comedian and actor
1922 - Ugo Tognazzi, Italian actor, director and screenwriter (d. 1990)
1923 - Martha Wright, American actress (d. 2016)
1924 - Bette Nesmith Graham, American inventor (d. 1980)
1925 - David Watkin, British cinematographer (d. 2008)
1929 – Roger Bannister, British runner
1931 – Yevgeny Grishin, Russian speed skater (d. 2005)
1931 – Viktor Korchnoi, Russian chess player
1931 - Yevdokiya Mekshilo, Russian skier (d. 2013)
1932 – Louisiana Red, American blues musician (d. 2012)
1934 - Ludvig Faddeev, Russian mathematician and physicist
1934 - Mark Rydell, American director
1935 - Barry Cryer, British writer and comedian
1937 - Ibrahim Abouleish, Egyptian chemist and businessman
1937 – Craig Breedlove, American land speed record holder
1937 - Tony Burton, American actor (d. 2016)
1937 - Robert Gallo, American virologist
1938 - Dave Pike, American jazz musician
1940 - Ama Ata Aidoo, Ghanaian author, playwright and academic
1942 – Michael Haneke, Austrian movie maker and writer
1942 - Walter Rodney, Guyanese historian and politician
1944 – Tony McPhee, British singer and guitarist
1944 - Michael Nyman, British composer
1945 - Franco Battiato, Italian singer, songwriter and movie maker
1945 - David Grisman, American bluegrass musician
1945 - Erik De Vlaeminck, Belgian cyclist (d. 2015)
1950 – Valgerdur Sverrisdottir, Icelandic politician
1950 – Mike Easley, American politician, former Governor of North Carolina
1950 - Corinne Cléry, French actress
1951 1975
1952 - Francesco Clemente, Italian artist
1952 - Pola Kinski, German actress
1952 - Kim Stanley Robinson, American author
1952 - Rex Tillerson, 69th United States Secretary of State and former Chief Executive of ExxonMobil
1953 – Chaka Khan, American singer
1955 - Moses Malone, American basketball player (d. 2015)
1956 – José Manuel Barroso, Portuguese politician, former President of the European Commission
1956 - Andrew Mitchell, British politician
1957 – Lucio Gutiérrez, former President of Ecuador
1957 - Amanda Plummer, American actress
1958 - Bengt-Ake Gustafsson, Swedish ice hockey player and coach
1958 - Serena Grandi, Italian actress
1958 – Eldon Hoke, American singer and drummer (d. 1997)
1960 – Nicol Stephen, Scottish politician
1961 - Colin Pitchfork, English murderer
1962 - Bassel al-Assad, Syrian engineer, colonel and politician (d. 1994)
1962 – Steve Redgrave, English rower, five-time Olympic champion
1963 - Michel, Spanish footballer
1964 – Hope Davis, American actress
1964 - John Pinette, American comedian and actor (d. 2014)
1965 - Jonathan Dow, British actor
1965 – Marti Pellow, Scottish singer
1965 - Richard Grieco, American actor
1965 - Steve Turner, American rock musician
1966 - Alfred Nijhuis, Dutch footballer
1968 – Damon Albarn, British singer (Blur)
1968 – Fernando Hierro, Spanish footballer
1968 – Mike Atherton, English cricketer
1970 - Melissa Errico, American actress and singer
1970 - Gianni Infantino, 9th President of FIFA
1971 – Gail Porter, Scottish television presenter
1971 - Alexander Selivanov, Russian ice hockey player
1971 - Karen McDougal, American model and actress
1972 – Joe Calzaghe, Welsh boxer
1972 - Jonas Bjorkman, Swedish tennis player
1973 – Jerzy Dudek, Polish footballer
1973 – Jason Kidd, American basketball player
From 1976
1976 – Chris Hoy, Scottish cyclist, six-time Olympic champion
1976 – Michelle Monaghan, American actress
1976 – Keri Russell, American actress
1978 – Walter Samuel, Argentine footballer
1978 – Perez Hilton, American blogger
1978 - Nicholle Tom, American actress
1980 – Russell Howard, English comedian
1980 - Ryan Day, Welsh snooker player
1981 – Shelley Rudman, English skeleton bobsledder
1982 – José Raul Contreras, Chilean footballer
1983 – Mo Farah, British track-and-field athlete, four-time Olympic gold medallist
1983 – Sascha Riether, German footballer
1983 – Jerome Thomas, English footballer
1983 - Hakan Balta, Turkish footballer
1986 – Andrea Dovizioso, Italian motorcycle racer
1985 - Stevie McCrorie, Scottish singer
1987 - Kangna Ranaut, Indian actress
1988 - Jason Kenny, English cyclist, Olympic champion
1989 - Mai Nishida, Japanese model, entertainer and actress
1990 – Princess Eugenie of York, member of the British royal family
1991 - Gregg Wylde, Scottish footballer
1992 - Kyrie Irving, Australian-American basketball player
1992 – Vanessa Morgan, Canadian actress and singer
1994 - Nick Powell, English footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
851 - Zhou Chi, Chinese historian and politician (b. 713)
1103 – Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1058)
1361 – Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster (b. 1310)
1369 – King Peter of Castile (b. 1334)
1555 – Pope Julius III (b. 1489)
1559 - Emperor Gelawdewos of Ethiopia
1606 – Justus Lipsius, Flemish humanist (b. 1547)
1675 - Antoni van Goordt, Dutch composer and organist (b. 1619)
1680 - Nicolas Fouquet, French statesman (b. 1615)
1742 – Jean-Baptiste Dubos, French writer (b. 1670)
1748 - Johann Gottfried Walther, German music theorist, organist and composer (b. 1684)
1783 - Charles Carroll of Carrollton, American lawyer and politician (b. 1723)
1801 – Tsar Paul I of Russia (b. 1754)
1819 – August von Kotzebue, German dramatist and writer (b. 1761)
1842 – Stendhal, French writer (b. 1783)
1881 – Nikolai Rubinstein, Russian composer (b. 1835)
1901 2000
1923 – Hovhannes Tumanyan Armenian poet and writer (b. 1869)
1927 - Paul César Helleu, French painter (b. 1859)
1931 – Bhagat Singh, Indian freedom writer (b. 1907)
1931 – Rajguru, Indian freedom fighter (b. 1908)
1931 – Sukhdev, Indian freedom fighter (b. 1907)
1935 - Florence Moore, American actress (b. 1886)
1938 - Thomas Walter Scott, Premier of Saskatchewan (b. 1867)
1945 – Tadamichi Kuribayashi, Japanese commander (b. 1891)
1947 - Archduchess Luise of Austria, Princess of Tuscany (b. 1870)
1948 – Nikolai Berdyaev, Russian philosopher (b. 1874)
1953 – Raoul Dufy, French painter (b. 1877)
1955 – Artur da Silva Bernardes, President of Brazil (b. 1875)
1960 - Raoul Paoli, French athlete, boxer and rower (b. 1887)
1964 – Peter Lorre, Hungarian-born actor (b. 1904)
1965 - Mae Murray, American actress, dancer, producer and screenwriter (b. 1885)
1971 - Simon Vestdijk, Dutch writer (b. 1898)
1972 - Cristobal Balenciaga, Spanish fashion designer (b. 1895)
1978 - Haim Ernst Wertheimer, Israeli biochemist (b. 1893)
1979 – Ted Anderson, English footballer (b. 1911)
1981 - Beatrice Tinsley, New Zealand astronomer (b. 1941)
1985 - Richard Beeching, British physicist and engineer (b. 1913)
1985 – Zoot Sims, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1925)
1990 – John Dexter, English stage and movie director (b. 1925)
1992 – Friedrich Hayek, Austrian economist (b. 1899)
1994 – Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexican politician (b. 1950)
1994 - Giulietta Masina, Italian actress (b. 1921)
1994 - Donald Swann, British composer, musician and entertainer (b. 1923)
From 2001
2002 – Ben Hollioake, English cricketer (b. 1977)
2003 – Fritz Spiegl, Austrian-born journalist (b. 1926)
2004 - Rupert Hamer, Australian politician, 39th Premier of Victoria (b. 1916)
2006 – Cindy Walker, American singer, songwriter and dancer (b. 1918)
2008 – Rafael Azcona, Spanish screenwriter (b. 1926)
2009 – Ghukas Chubaryan, Armenian sculptor (b. 1923)
2011 – Elizabeth Taylor, British-American actress (b. 1932)
2012 – Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, former President of Somalia (b. 1934)
2012 - Chico Anysio, Brazilian actor, writer, comedian and composer (b. 1931)
2013 - Boris Berezovsky, Russian businessman and oligarch (b. 1946)
2013 - Joe Weider, American bodybuilder (b. 1920)
2013 - Virgil Trucks, American baseball player (b. 1917)
2014 - Adolfo Suarez, former Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1932)
2014 - Dave Brockie, Canadian-American musician (b. 1963)
2014 - Peter Oakley, British internet vlogger (b. 1927)
2014 - Jürg Neuenschwander, Swiss organist and composer (b. 1947)
2014 - David Henshaw, New Zealand cartoonist (b. 1939)
2015 - Lee Kuan Yew, first Prime Minister of Singapore (b. 1923)
2015 - Lil' Chris, English singer and television personality (b. 1990)
2015 - Herberto Hélder, Portuguese poet and author (b. 1930)
2015 - Bobby Lowther, American basketball player (b. 1923)
2016 - Ken Howard, American actor (b. 1944)
2016 - Joe Garagiola, Sr., American baseball player (b. 1926)
2016 - Jimmy Riley, Jamaican reggae musician (b. 1954)
2017 - Lola Albright, American actress (b. 1924)
2017 - Ashokamitran, Indian writer (b. 1931)
2017 - Meir Einstein, Israeli sports broadcaster (b. 1951)
2017 - William H. Keeler, American cardinal (b. 1931)
2017 - Cino Tortorella, Italian television presenter and comedian (b. 1927)
2017 - Denis Voronenkov, Russian politician (b. 1971)
Observances
Republic Day/Pakistan Day (Pakistan)
Polish-Hungarian friendship day
Day of the Sea (Bolivia)
World Meteorological Day
Family Day (South Africa)
Western Christianity - Earliest possible date for Easter Monday (April 26 is the latest)
Western Christianity - Second-earliest possible date for Easter, last occurred on this date in 2008, next in 2160.
Days of the year |
9868 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2019 | March 19 | March 19 is usually the last day of the winter season in the Northern Hemisphere, and the last day of the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
Events
Up to 1900
1279 – A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the rule of the Song Dynasty in China.
1452 - Frederick, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned in Rome.
1563 - The Edict of Amboise is signed, granting some freedoms to Huguenots in France.
1616 - Walter Raleigh is released from the Tower of London after 13 years.
1649 - The English House of Commons passes an act banning the House of Lords.
1808 - Charles IV of Spain abdicates the throne, but soon becomes King again because of the Napoleonic Wars.
1812 - The Cadiz Cortes declare the Spanish Constitution of 1812.
1848 – March Revolution in Berlin.
1853 - The Taiping reform movement occupies and makes Nanjing in China its capital city until 1864.
1861 – The First Taranaki War ends in New Zealand.
1863 - American Civil War: The Confederate cruiser SS Georgiana is destroyed on its first voyage. It is re-discovered 102 years later.
1865 - American Civil War: The Battle of Bentonville begins in North Carolina.
1882 - The first stone of the Sagrada Familia Cathedral in Barcelona is laid. It was designed by Antoni Gaudi, and is, as of 2014, not finished yet.
1885 - Louis Riel declares a provisional government in Saskatchewan, Canada, starting the Northwest Rebellion.
1895 - The Lumière brothers record their first cinematograph footage.
1901 2000
1915 – Pluto is photographed for the first time, but is not considered as a planet.
1918 – US Congress establishes Time Zones and Daylight Saving Time.
1920 - The United States Senate rejects the Treaty of Versailles for a second time.
1921 - Irish War of Independence: In Crossbarry, County Cork, Ireland, over 100 IRA volunteers escape an attempt by over 1,300 British forces to encircle them.
1931 – Gambling is legalised in Nevada.
1932 – Sydney Harbour Bridge is opened.
1941 - World War II: 99th Pursuit Squadron, Tuskegee Airmen, the first black unit of the United States Army Corps, is activated.
1944 - World War II: Nazi forces occupy Hungary.
1945 - World War II: Off the coast of Japan, a dive bomber hits aircraft carrier USS Franklin, killing 724 crew members.
1946 – French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion becomes overseas Departements of France.
1954 - Joey Giardello knocks out Willie Tory in round seven at Madison Square Garden in New York City in the first televised prize boxing fight shown in color.
1954 - Willie Mosconi sets world record by running 526 balls in a row without a miss. during a straight pool competition at the East High Billiard Club in Springfield, Ohio.
1958 - The Monarch Underwear Company fire in Manhattan kills 24 people.
1962 – Algerian War of Independence: A ceasefire enters effect.
1970 – Chancellor of Germany Willy Brandt meets East Germany's Prime Minister Willi Stoph in Erfurt in an attempt at closer relations.
1979 - The United States House of Representatives begins broadcasting its day-to-day business via the cable television network C-SPAN.
1982 – Argentine forces land on the island of South Georgia, two weeks before the invasion of the Falkland Islands.
1988 - The rock band Nirvana holds its first concert.
1996 – Nelson Mandela and Winnie Mandela divorce.
From 2001
2002 – Zimbabwe is suspended from the Commonwealth of Nations over human rights abuses and electoral fraud.
2003 - George W. Bush orders the Invasion of Iraq.
2004 - President of Taiwan Chen Shui-bian is shot and injured a day before the Presidential election.
2004 – A bus crash kills 21 people near Konginkangas, Finland. It is the deadliest road accident in Finnish history.
2006 - The Winter Paralympics in Turin end.
2006 – In a controversial election, Belarus' President Alexander Lukashenko wins 80% of the vote, leading to demonstrations in Minsk.
2008 - GRB 080319B: A cosmic burst that is the farthest object visible to the eye (without using a telescope) is briefly observed.
2011 – By 3,000 miles, the Moon makes its closest approach to Earth in 18 years.
2011 – 2011 Libyan protests: UN-authorised military intervention begins against Colonel Muammar al-Gaddafi in Libya.
2012 – Four people are killed in a shooting at a Jewish school in Toulouse, France. It is believed to be linked with three murders over the previous week. The attacker, Mohammed Merah, is killed after a stand-off with police three days later.
2013 - Over 50 people are killed in bomb attacks in Baghdad, to coincide with the tenth anniversary of the start of the Iraq War.
2013 - Inauguration of Pope Francis.
2016 - Flydubai Flight 981 crashes shortly before landing at Rostov on Don, Southern Russia, killing all 62 people on board.
Births
Up to 1900
968 – Ethelred the Unready, Saxon king of England (d. 1016)
1434 – Ashikaga Yoshikazu, Japanese shogun (d. 1443)
1488 – Johannes Magnus, Swedish bishop (d. 1544)
1534 - Jose de Anchieta, Spanish missionary (d. 1597)
1601 - Alonzo Cano, Spanish painter, sculptor and architect (d. 1667)
1603 - King John IV of Portugal (d. 1656)
1629 – Tsar Alexis of Russia (d. 1676)
1661 - Francesco Gasparini, Italian composer and teacher (d. 1727)
1721 - Tobias Smollett, Scottish poet and author (d. 1771)
1734 - Thomas McKean, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1817)
1742 – Tupac Amaru II, Inca revolutionary (d. 1781)
1749 – Princess Louisa of Great Britain (d. 1768)
1778 – Edward Pakenham, British general (d. 1815)
1813 – David Livingstone, Scottish missionary, doctor and explorer (d. 1873)
1821 – Richard Francis Burton, English explorer, diplomat and writer (d. 1890)
1823 - Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria (d. 1914)
1824 – William Allingham, Irish writer (d. 1889)
1829 - Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier and industrialist (d. 1901)
1844 - Minna Canth, Finnish writer and women's rights activist (d. 1897)
1848 – Wyatt Earp, American Western figure (d. 1929)
1849 – Alfred von Tirpitz, German admiral (d. 1930)
1860 – William Jennings Bryan, United States Secretary of State (d. 1925)
1861 - Lomer Gouin, 13th Premier of Quebec (d. 1929)
1864 - Charles M. Russell, American painter, sculptor, illustrator and writer (d. 1926)
1866 - Emilio De Bono, Italian general and politician (d. 1944)
1871 – Baroness Mary Vetsera, member of the Austrian nobility (d. 1889)
1872 - Anna Held, Polish-born stage performer (d. 1918)
1873 - Mex Reger, German pianist, composer and conductor (d. 1916)
1876 – Felix Jacoby, German classical philologist (d. 1959)
1883 – Walter Haworth, British chemist (d. 1950)
1883 - Joseph Stilwell, American general (d. 1946)
1888 – Josef Albers, German artist (d. 1976)
1889 - King Manuel II of Portugal (d. 1932)
1891 – Earl Warren, American politician and jurist (d. 1974)
1892 - James Van Fleet, American general (d. 1992)
1893 - Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra, President of Ecuador (d. 1979)
1894 - Moms Mabley, American comedienne, actress and singer (d. 1975)
1895 - Ion Barbu, Romanian writer and mathematician (d. 1961)
1897 - Betty Compson, American actress (d. 1974)
1898 - Karl Theodor Bleek, German politician, Mayor of Marburg (d. 1969)
1900 – Frédéric Joliot, French physicist (d. 1958)
1901 1950
1902 – Louisa Ghijs, Belgian stage actress (d. 1985)
1905 – Albert Speer, Nazi official (d. 1981)
1906 – Adolf Eichmann, Nazi official (d. 1962)
1909 - Attilio Demaria, Argentine footballer (d. 1990)
1909 - Louis Hayward, British actor (d. 1985)
1912 - William Frankland, British immunologist
1912 - Hugh Watt, Interim Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1980)
1913 - Alexander Pokryshkin, Russian pilot (d. 1985)
1914 - Jay Berwanger, American football player (d. 2002)
1915 - Patricia Morison, American soprano and actress
1916 - Eric Christmas, English-Canadian actor (d. 2000)
1916 - Irving Wallace, American writer and screenwriter (d. 1990)
1917 - Dinu Lipatti, Romanian pianist and composer (d. 1950)
1917 – Laszlo Szabo, Hungarian chess player (d. 1998)
1919 - Lennie Tristano, American jazz pianist, composer and educator (d. 1978)
1920 – Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian writer (d. 2002)
1921 – Tommy Cooper, Welsh comedy magician (d. 1984)
1921 - Emile Bongiorni, French footballer (d. 1949)
1922 - Hiroo Onoda, Japanese soldier (d. 2014)
1922 - Guy Lewis, American basketball player (d. 2015)
1923 - Giuseppe Rotunno, Italian cinematographer
1924 – Joe Gaetjens, Haitian-American soccer player (d. 1964)
1924 - Mary Wimbush, British actress (d. 2005)
1925 - Brent Scowcroft, American general and diplomat
1927 - Allen Newell, American computer scientist (d. 1992)
1928 - Hans Küng, Swiss theologian, priest and author
1928 – Patrick McGoohan, American actor (d. 2009)
1930 - Giuseppe Rotunno, Italian chef
1932 - Gail Kobe, American actress (d. 2013)
1932 - Peter Hall, English town planner and geographer (d. 2014)
1933 - Philip Roth, American author
1935 - Nancy Malone, American actress (d. 2014)
1936 – Ursula Andress, Swiss actress
1937 – Egon Krenz, East German political leader
1942 - Richard Dobson, American singer and songwriter
1942 - Heather Robertson, Canadian journalist and writer (d. 2014)
1943 – Mario Monti, Italian economist and former Prime Minister of Italy
1943 – Mario J. Molina, Mexican chemist
1944 – Said Musa, former Prime Minister of Belize
1944 - Tom Constanten, American musician (Grateful Dead)
1944 – Sirhan Sirhan, Palestinian-born assassin
1946 - Ruth Pointer, American singer (Pointer Sisters)
1947 – Glenn Close, American actress
1947 – Marinho Peres, Brazilian footballer
1949 - Hirofumi Hirano, Japanese politician
1949 – Valery Leontiev, Russian singer
1951 1975
1952 – Harvey Weinstein, American movie producer
1952 - Chris Brubeck, American jazz musician
1953 – Ricky Wilson, American musician
1953 - Ian Blair, English police officer, London Metropolitan Police
1954 - Cho Kwang-Rae, South Korean football manager
1954 – Jill Abramson, American journalist
1954 - Rashid Nugmanov, Kazakhstani director and activist
1955 – Bruce Willis, American actor
1955 - Pino Daniele, Italian musician (d. 2015)
1956 – Yegor Gaidar, Soviet politician (d. 2009)
1958 - Fred Stoller, American comedian, actor and voice artist
1959 - Terry Hall, British singer
1961 – Jos Lansink, Dutch-Belgian equestrian
1961 – Rune Bratseth, Norwegian footballer
1961 – Dana Reeve, American actress (d. 2006)
1966 - Michael Crockart, Scottish politician
1966 – Olaf Marschall, German footballer
1967 - Vladimir Konstantinov, Russian ice hockey player
1967 - Katia Tiutiunnik, Australian violist and composer
1968 - Tyrone Hill, American basketball player
1969 - Gary Jules, American singer
1973 - Ashley Giles, English cricketer
1973 - Sergey Makarov, Russian javelin thrower
From 1976
1976 – Alessandro Nesta, Italian footballer
1976 - Rachel Blanchard, Canadian actress
1977 - Jorma Taccone, American director, actor and screenwriter
1977 - Fayez Banihammad, 9-11 terrorist (d. 2001)
1979 - Franco Brienza, Italian footballer
1979 – Christos Patsatzoglou, Greek footballer
1979 – Hedo Turkoglu, Turkish basketball player
1979 – Ivan Ljubicic, Croatian tennis player
1979 – Abby Brammell, American actress
1981 – Kolo Touré, Ivorian footballer
1982 – Brad Jones, Australian footballer
1982 - Eduardo Saverin, Brazilian entrepreneur
1983 - Evan Bourne, American professional wrestler
1984 - Tanushree Dutta, Indian model and actress
1986 – Tyler Bozak, Canadian ice hockey player
1987 - AJ Lee, American professional wrestler
1987 – Milos Teodosic, Serbian basketball player
1988 - Clayton Kershaw, American baseball player
1991 - Aleksandr Kokorin, Russian footballer
1997 - Ruta Meilutyte, Lithuanian swimmer
1999 – Tatum McCann, American actress
2007 – Prince Abdullah bin Ali of Jordan
Deaths
Up to 1900
1238 – Duke Henry I of Poland (b. 1163)
1279 - Emperor Bing of Song of China (b. 1271)
1286 – Alexander III of Scotland (b. 1241)
1330 - Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, English politician (b. 1301)
1406 – Ibn Khaldun, Arab historian (b. 1332)
1612 - Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill, Belarussian saint (b. 1585)
1623 - Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1556)
1637 - Peter Pazmany, Hungarian cardinal and statesman (b. 1570)
1649 - Gerardus Vossius, Dutch classical scholar and theologian (b. 1577)
1687 - Robert Cavalier de La Salle, French explorer (b. 1643)
1721 – Pope Clement XI (b. 1649)
1746 - Grand Duchess Anna Leopolodovna of Russia (b. 1718)
1783 – Charles Cornwallis, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1713)
1806 - James Jackson, English-born American politician, Governor of Georgia (b. 1757)
1816 - Philip Mazzai, Italian physician (b. 1730)
1866 – John Dunn, Australian bushranger hanged in Sydney (b. c. 1840)
1871 – Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger, Austrian mineralogist (b. 1795)
1882 - Karl Robert Jakobson, Estonian politician, journalist and teacher (b. 1841)
1884 – Elias Lönnrot, Finnish physician and writer (b. 1802)
1900 - John Bingham, American politician and lawyer (b. 1815)
1901 2000
1908 – Eduard Zeller, German theologian and philosopher (b. 1814)
1914 – Giuseppe Mercalli, Italian volcanologist (b. 1850)
1915 - Antonio Agliardi, Italian cardinal (b. 1832)
1916 - Vasily Surikov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
1930 – Arthur Balfour, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1848)
1939 - Lloyd L. Gaines, American activist (b. 1911)
1942 - Clinton Hart Merriam, American zoologist, ornithologist and entomologist (b. 1855)
1943 - Frank Nitti, Italian-American gangster (b. 1883)
1944 - William Hale Thompson, mayor of Chicago (b. 1869)
1950 – Edgar Rice Burroughs, American writer (b. 1875)
1950 – Walter Haworth, British chemist (b. 1883)
1950 - Alexandru Vaida-Voevod, Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1872)
1974 – Edward Platt, American actor (b. 1916)
1976 - Albert Dieudonné, French actor and novelist (b. 1889)
1978 - Gaston Julia, French mathematician (b. 1893)
1982 - Randy Rhoads, American musician (b. 1956)
1986 - Sabino Barinaga, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1922)
1987 – Louis de Broglie, French physicist (b. 1892)
1988 - Bun Cook, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1904)
1989 - Valérie Quennessen, French actress (b. 1957)
1995 - Yasuo Yamada, Japanese voice actor (b. 1932)
1997 – Willem de Kooning, Dutch artist (b. 1904)
1998 - E. M. S. Namboodiripad, Indian politician, 1st Chief Minister of Kerala (b. 1909)
1999 – Tofilau Eti Alesana, Prime Minister of Samoa (b. 1924)
From 2001
2005 - John DeLorean, American engineer and businessman (b. 1925)
2007 – Luther Ingram, American soul singer and songwriter (b. 1937)
2008 – Arthur C. Clarke, British writer (b. 1917)
2008 – Hugo Claus, Belgian writer (b. 1929)
2008 – Paul Scofield, British actor (b. 1921)
2009 - Paul Angelis, English actor (b. 1943)
2011 – Knut, famous polar bear (b. 2006)
2011 - Gustav Lantschner, Austrian-German skier (b. 1910)
2013 - Holger Juul Hansen, Danish actor (b. 1924)
2013 - Irina Petrescu, Romanian actress (b. 1941)
2014 - Robert Schwarz Strauss, American politician and diplomat (b. 1918)
2014 - Heather Robertson, Canadian journalist and author (b. 1942)
2014 - Lawrence Walsh, American lawyer and judge (b. 1912)
2014 - Patrick Joseph McGovern, American technology executive (b. 1937)
2014 - Ernest Mühlen, Luxembourg politician (b. 1926)
2014 - Fred Phelps, American pastor (Westboro Baptist Church) (b. 1929)
2015 - Gerda van der Kade-Koudijs, Dutch athlete (b. 1923)
2015 - Gus Douglass, American politician (b. 1927)
2015 - Danny Schechter, American journalist and moviemaker (b. 1942)
2016 - Roger Agnelli, Brazilian businessman (b. 1959)
2016 - José Artetxe, Spanish footballer (b. 1930)
2016 - Jack Mansell, English footballer (b. 1927)
2017 - Jimmy Breslin, American journalist and author (b. 1928)
2017 - Li Li-Hua, Chinese actress (b. 1924)
2017 - Len Mitzel, Canadian politician (b. 1946)
2017 - Chinu Modi, Indian poet and critic (b. 1939)
2017 - Roger Pingeon, French cyclist (b. 1940)
Observances
Saint Joseph's Day (Roman Catholicism, Church of England) and related observances:
Las Fallas (Valencia, Spain)
Father's Day (Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Italy, Honduras, Bolivia)
Unity Day (Kashubia, northern Poland)
Days of the year |
9869 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2015 | March 15 | In the Roman calendar March 15 was known as the Ides of March, and it was on this day that Julius Caesar was murdered.
Events
Up to 1900
44 BC – Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Decimus Junius Brutus and several other Roman senators on the Ides of March.
280 - Sun Hao of Eastern Wu surrenders to Sima Yan, beginning the Jin Dynasty.
933 - After a 10-year truce, German King Henry I defeats a Hungarian army at the Battle of Riade near the Unstrut River.
1311 – Battle of Halmyros: The Catalan Company defeats Walter V of Brienne to take control of the Duchy of Athens, a Crusader state in Greece.
1493 – Christopher Columbus returns to Spain after his first trip to the Americas.
1545 – First meeting of the Council of Trent.
1672 – Charles II of England issues the Royal Declaration of Indulgence.
1781 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Guilford Courthouse – Near present-day Greensboro, North Carolina, 1,900 British troops under General Charles Cornwallis defeat an American force numbering 4,400.
1781 - French astronomer Pierre Mechain discovers the spiral galaxies Messier 98, Messier 99 and Messier 100.
1783 – In an emotional speech in Newburgh, New York, George Washington asks his officers not to support the Newburgh Conspiracy. The plea is successful and the threatened coup d'état never takes place.
1820 – Maine becomes the 23rd U.S. state.
1827 – The University of Toronto is chartered.
1848 – Revolution breaks out in Pest in Hungary. The Habsburg rulers are compelled to meet the demands of the Reform party.
1867 - Hungary gains autonomy.
1875 - Archbishop of New York John McCloskey becomes the first American cardinal.
1877 – The first Test cricket match begins, between England and Australia.
1888 - The Anglo-Tibetan War of 1888 begins.
1892 – Liverpool FC is founded.
1901 1950
1906 – Rolls-Royce Ltd. is registered.
1909 – Selfridges department store opens in London.
1916 – President Woodrow Wilson sends 12,000 United States troops over the Mexican border to pursue Pancho Villa.
1917 – Tsar Nicholas II of Russia abdicates himself and his son from the Russian throne and his brother the Grand Duke becomes Tsar.
1919 – The American Legion forms in Paris.
1922 – After Egypt gains nominal independence from the United Kingdom, Fuad I becomes King of Egypt.
1926 - In Greece, Theodoros Pangalos is elected President without opposition.
1931 - The ship SS Viking explodes off Newfoundland, killing 27 of the 147 people on board.
1933 - Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss keeps members of the National Council from convening, starting an Austrofascist dictatorship.
1939 – World War II: Nazi troops occupy the remaining part of Bohemia and Moravia; Czechoslovakia ceases to exist.
1941 - The first Philippine Airlines flight takes place, from Manila to Baguio City.
1943 – World War II: Third Battle of Kharkov – the Germans retook the city of Kharkov from the Soviet armies in bitter street fighting.
1944 – World War II: Battle of Monte Cassino – Allied aircraft bomb the Nazi-held monastery and stage an assault.
1944 - First flight of a Philippines Airlines plane. It is the oldest airline in Asia to operate under its original name.
1945 - World War II: Soviet forces begin an offensive to push Germans from Upper Silesia.
1951 2000
1952 – In Cilaos, Réunion, 73 inches (1,870mm) of rain falls in one day, setting a new world record.
1956 – The Broadway musical My Fair Lady opens in New York City.
1961 – South Africa withdraws from the British Commonwealth.
1963 – Victor Feguer, a Federal prisoner, is put to death at the Fort Madison, Iowa prison. This would be the last execution of a Federal prisoner until the execution of Timothy McVeigh in 2001.
1965 - Lyndon B. Johnson says "We Shall Overcome" in support of the Voting Rights Act.
1970 – The Expo '70 world's fair opens in Osaka, Japan.
1976 – KISS releases the legendary album Destroyer.
1978 - Somalia and Ethiopia sign a truce to end the Ethiopian-Somali War.
1985 - The first internet domain name is registered - symbolics.com.
1985 - Brazil's military dictatorship ends.
1986 - The New World Hotel in Singapore collapses, killing 33 people.
1988 – Publication of Marvin Minsky's Society of Mind theory.
1988 – The Halabja poison gas attack of the Iran-Iraq War begins.
1989 – The United States Department of Veterans Affairs is established.
1990 – Gulf War: Iraq hangs British journalist Farzad Bazoft for spying.
1990 – Mikhail Gorbachev is elected as the first executive president of the Soviet Union.
1990 – The Soviet Union announces that Lithuania's declaration of independence is invalid.
1990 – The ethnic clashes of Targu Mures begin on the anniversary of the Revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas.
1991 – Four Los Angeles, California police officers are indicted for the videotaped March 3, 1991 beating of motorist Rodney King during an arrest.
1991 – Germany formally regains complete independence after the four post-World War II occupying powers (France, the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union) relinquish all remaining rights.
From 2001
2001 - An explosion occurs on a Petrobras oil platform off Brazil, causing a major oil spill.
2003 - Hu Jintao becomes the leader of the People's Republic of China, with Wen Jiabao as Premier.
2003 - The Central African Republic's President Ange-Félix Patassé is removed in a coup by Francois Bozizé.
2004 – Announcement of the discovery of 90377 Sedna, the farthest natural object in the Solar system so far observed.
2008 - An explosion occurs at an Albanian Army and Munitions base, killing 26 people. It happens near the village of Gerdec.
2011 - Arab Spring: The currently still ongoing civil war in Syria begins.
2013 - A transition of power within the Communist Party of the People's Republic of China is completed, with Xi Jinping as President and Li Keqiang as Premier.
2019 - Two shootings happen in Christchurch, New Zealand during a white supremacist terrorist attack. They killed 50 people.
Births
Up to 1800
933 – Romanos II, Byzantine Emperor (d. 963)
1275 - Margaret of England, English princess (d. 1333)
1455 - Pietro Accotti, Italian cardinal (d. 1532)
1584 - Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (d. 1663)
1591 - Alexandre de Rhodes, French missionary and lexicographer (d. 1660)
1611 - Jan Fyt, Flemish painter (d. 1661)
1638 – Shunzhi Emperor of China (d. 1661)
1660 - Olof Rudbeck the Younger, Swedish anatomist and botanist (d. 1740)
1684 - Francesco Durante, Italian composer (d. 1755)
1713 - Nicolas Louis de Lacaille, French astronomer (d. 1762)
1737 - Amarindra, Queen Consort of Siam (d. 1826)
1738 - Cesare Beccaria, Italian philosopher (d. 1794)
1754 - Archibald Menzies, Scottish naturalist and surgeon (d. 1842)
1767 – Andrew Jackson, 7th President of the United States (d. 1845)
1770 - Samuel Bell, Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1850)
1772 - Jozsef Ficzko, Burgenland Croatian writer (d. 1843)
1779 – William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1848)
1792 - Virginie Ancelot, French painter, writer and playwright (d. 1875)
1794 - Friedrich Christian Diez, German philologist (d. 1876)
1801 1900
1809 – Joseph Jenkins Roberts, first President of Liberia (d. 1876)
1809 - William Cannon, Governor of Delaware (d. 1865)
1813 - John Snow, English physician (d. 1858)
1818 - Mariano Alvarez, Filipino general (d. 1924)
1821 - Johann Josef Loschmidt, Austrian physicist and chemist (d. 1895)
1824 - Jules Chevalier, French priest (d. 1907)
1830 – Paul von Heyse, German writer (d. 1914)
1830 - Elisée Reclus, French geographer (d. 1905)
1831 - Daniel Comboni, Italian missionary and saint (d. 1881)
1835 - Eduard Strauss, Austrian composer (d. 1916)
1838 - Karl Davydov, Russian cellist (d. 1889)
1851 - William Mitchell Ramsay, Scottish archaeologist (d. 1939)
1852 - Augusta, Lady Gregory, Irish playwright (d. 1932)
1854 – Emil Adolf von Behring, German doctor, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1901) (d. 1917)
1857 – Christian Michelsen, Prime Minister of Norway (d. 1925)
1864 - Johan Halvorsen, Norwegian composer (d. 1935)
1865 - Manuk Abeghian, Armenian author and scholar (d. 1944)
1866 - Johan Vaaler, Norwegian inventor (of the paperclip) (d. 1910)
1868 - Grace Chisholm Young, English mathematician (d. 1944)
1869 – Stanislaw Wojciechowski, President of Poland (d. 1953)
1874 - Eugene Fiset, Canadian physician and politician (d. 1951)
1874 - Harold L. Ickes, American politician (d. 1952)
1878 - Reza Shah Pahlavi of Persia (d. 1944)
1882 - James Lightbody, American middle-distance runner (d. 1953)
1887 - Marjorie Merriwether Post, American entrepreneur (d. 1973)
1890 - Boris Nikolaevich Delaunay, Russian mathematician (d. 1980)
1897 - Jackson Scholz, American runner (d. 1986)
1900 - Frances Partridge, English writer (d. 2004)
1901 1950
1902 - Hu Gwan-sun, South Korean activist (d. 1920)
1905 - Berthold Schenk von Stauffenberg, German lawyer (d. 1944)
1907 – Zarah Leander, Swedish singer and actress (d. 1981)
1910 - Tom Richards, Welsh runner (d. 1985)
1912 – Lightning Hopkins, American musician (d. 1982)
1913 - Rosita Contreras, Argentine actress (d. 1962)
1916 - Fadil Hoxha, Yugoslavian politician (d. 2001)
1916 - Harry James, American musician and bandleader (d. 1983)
1918 - Punch Imlach, Canadian ice hockey coach and manager (d. 1987)
1919 – Lawrence Tierney, American actor (d. 2002)
1920 - Lawrence Sanders, American writer (d. 1998)
1920 – E. Donnall Thomas, American physician (d. 2012)
1921 - Jean Freeman, Welsh actress
1924 - Yuri Bondarev, Russian writer
1924 - Walter Gotell, German-British actor (d. 1997)
1926 - Norm Van Brocklin, American football player and coach (d. 1983)
1927 - Maija Isola, Finnish designer (d. 2001)
1927 - Christian Marquand, French director and actor (d. 2000)
1928 - Bob Wilber, American clarinetist and saxophonist
1930 – Zhores Ivanovich Alferov, Russian physicist (d. 2019)
1930 - Martin Karplus, Austrian-American chemist
1931 - Bill Burlison, American politician (d. 2019)
1932 - Alan Bean, American astronaut (d. 2018)
1933 - Philippe de Broca, French movie director
1933 – Ruth Bader Ginsburg, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 2020)
1934 - Aldo Giorgini, Italian artist (d. 1994)
1935 – Judd Hirsch, American actor
1935 – Jimmy Swaggart, American televangelist
1936 - David Andrews, Irish politician
1936 - Howard Greenfield, American songwriter (d. 1986)
1937 - Valentin Rasputin, Russian poet and writer (d. 2015)
1939 - Ted Kaufman, American politician
1940 - Frank Dobson, British politician
1940 – Phil Lesh, American musician (Grateful Dead)
1941 - Mike Love, American musician (The Beach Boys)
1942 - The Iron Sheik, Iranian-American professional wrestler
1943 – David Cronenberg, Canadian director
1943 - Lynda La Plante, English author and screenwriter
1943 - Sly Stone, American singer-songwriter and producer
1944 - Chi Cheng, Taiwanese athlete and politician
1944 - Francis Mankiewicz, Canadian movie director and screenwriter (d. 1993)
1944 - Jacques Doillon, French movie director
1945 - Mark J. Green, American politician
1946 - Bobby Bonds, American baseball player
1947 – Ry Cooder, American guitarist
1948 - Sérgio Vieira de Mello, Brazilian diplomat (d. 2003)
1950 - Jorgen Olsen, Danish singer
1951 1975
1952 - Howard Koh, American politician
1952 - Philip Green, English businessman
1952 - Earl Ray Tomblin, Governor of West Virginia
1953 - Kumba Iala, former President of Guinea-Bissau (d. 2014)
1953 - Richard Bruton, Irish politician
1954 - Massimo Bubola, Italian singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer
1954 - Bob Budiansky, American comic book writer, illustrator and editor
1955 - Dee Snider, American singer
1955 - Roberto Maroni, Italian politician
1956 - Paramanga Ernest Yonli, Burkina Faso politician
1957 – Joaquim de Almeida, Portuguese-American actor
1957 - Juan José Ibarretxe, Basque politician
1957 - David Silverman, American animator
1959 - Harold Baines, baseball player
1959 – Ben Okri, Nigerian writer
1960 - Phil Walsh, Australian rules footballer and coach (d. 2015)
1961 - Terry Cummings, American basketball player
1961 - Craig Ludwig, American ice hockey player
1962 - Jimmy Baio, American actor
1962 – Markus Merk, German football referee
1962 - Terence Trent D'Arby, American singer
1963 - Bret Michaels, American musician
1964 - Fernando De Napoli, Italian footballer
1965 - Svetlana Medvedeva, former First Lady of Russia
1967 – Naoko Takeuchi, Japanese artist
1968 – Kahimi Karie, Japanese singer
1968 – Mark McGrath, American musician
1968 - Sabrina Salerno, Italian singer, actress and producer
1968 - Jon Schaffer, American musician
1969 - Rona Ambrose, Canadian politician
1971 - Penny Lancaster, English model and photographer
1972 – Mark Hoppus, American musician (+44 and blink-182)
1972 - Holger Stromberg, German chef
1973 - Robin Hunnicke, American video game designer and producer
1973 - Lee Jung-jae, South Korean actor
1973 - Masayuki Naruse, Japanese wrestler and mixed martial artist
1974 - Robert Fick, American baseball player
1974 - Anders Andersson, Swedish footballer
1975 – Eva Longoria, American actress
1975 – Will.i.am, American musician (Black Eyed Peas)
From 1976
1976 - Katherine Brooks, American director, producer and screenwriter
1977 - Joe Hahn, American musician (Linkin Park)
1978 – Takeru Kobayashi, Japanese competitive eater
1978 - Sid Wilson, American musician (Slipknot)
1981 – Mikael Forssell, Finnish footballer
1981 - Veronica Maggio, Swedish singer
1982 - Wilson Kipsang Kiprotich, Kenyan long jumper
1982 - Jordan Hastings, Canadian drummer
1984 - Yo Yo Honey Singh, Indian rapper, producer and actor
1985 - Eva Amurri, American actress
1985 - Tom Chilton, English racing driver
1985 - Javier Garrido, Spanish footballer
1985 – Curtis Davies, English footballer
1985 - Cat Boyd, Scottish trade unionist
1988 - James Reimer, Canadian ice hockey player
1989 - Sandro Raniere, Brazilian footballer
1990 - Siobhan Magnus, American singer-songwriter
1991 - Xavier Henry, American basketball player
1991 – Kii Kitano, Japanese actress
1992 - Anna Shaffer, English actress
1993 - Alia Bhatt, Indian actress and singer
1993 - Paul Pogba, French footballer
1993 – Alyssa Reid, Canadian singer
1994 - Nijel Amos, Botswana athlete
2000 - Kristian Kostov, Bulgarian-Russian singer
Deaths
Up to 1900
44 BC – Julius Caesar (b. 100 BC)
220 – Cao Cao, King of Wei (b. 155)
493 - Odoacer, King of Italy (b. 435)
963 - Romanos II, Byzantine Emperor (b. 938)
1145 - Pope Lucius II
1311 - Battle of Halmyros:
Walter V of Brienne, Duke of Athens
Thomas d'Autrementcourt, Lord of Salona, Marshal of Achaea
Albert Pallavicini, Margrave of Bodonitza
Giorgio I Ghisi, Triarch of Euboea, Lord of Tinos, Mykonos, Serifos and Keos
1346 - Shah Jalal of Bengal (b. 1271)
1416 - John, Duke of Berry, son of John II of France (b. 1340)
1575 - Annibale Padovano, Italian composer (b. 1527)
1587 - Kaspar Olevianus, German theologian (b. 1536)
1644 - Louise Juliana of Nassau, Regent of Bohemia (b. 1576)
1670 - John Davenport, Connecticut pioneer (b. 1597)
1673 - Salvator Rosa, Italian painter and poet (b. 1615)
1711 - Eusebio Kino, Italian priest and missionary (b. 1645)
1820 - Clemens Maria Hofbauer, Patron Saint of Vienna (b. 1751)
1842 – Luigi Cherubini, Italian composer (b. 1760)
1849 - Giuseppe Caspar Mezzafanti, Italian cardinal and linguist (b. 1774)
1886 - Michael Hahn, 19th Governor of Louisiana (b. 1830)
1898 - Henry Bessemer, English engineer, inventor and businessman (b. 1813)
1901 2000
1907 - William D. Bloxham, Governor of Florida (b. 1835)
1921 - Talaat Pasha, Ottoman politician (b. 1874)
1937 – H. P. Lovecraft, American writer (b. 1890)
1938 - Nikolai Bukharin, Soviet-Russian revolutionary and politician (b. 1888)
1941 - Alexei von Jawlensky, Russian painter (b. 1864)
1951 - John S. Paraskevopoulos, Greek-South African astronomer (b. 1889)
1959 - Lester Young, American musician (b. 1909)
1961 – Akiba Rubinstein, Polish chess player (b. 1882)
1962 – Arthur Compton, American physicist (b. 1892)
1966 - Abe Saperstein, American basketball player and coach (b. 1902)
1969 - Musashiyama Takeshi, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1909)
1971 - Jean-Pierre Monseré, Belgian cyclist (b. 1948)
1972 - Aleksandr Ivanovich Laktionov, Russian painter (b. 1910)
1975 – Aristotle Onassis, Greek shipping magnate (b. 1900)
1981 - René Clair, French movie director (b. 1898)
1983 – Rebecca West, English writer (b. 1892)
1988 - Dmitri Polyakov, Soviet double-agent (b. 1926)
1990 – Farzad Bazoft, Iranian-British journalist (b. 1958)
1991 - Bud Freeman, American jazz musician (b. 1906)
1993 – Karl Mai, German footballer (b. 1928)
1998 – Benjamin Spock, American paediatrician and writer (b. 1903)
From 2001
2003 - Thora Hird, British actress (b. 1911)
2004 - William Pickering, New Zealand-born space scientist (b. 1910)
2004 – John Pople, English chemist (b. 1925)
2006 – George Rallis, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1918)
2009 – Ron Silver, American actor (b. 1946)
2011 – Nate Dogg, American musician (b. 1969)
2012 - Bernardino Gonzalez Ruiz, President of Panama (b. 1911)
2013 - Booth Gardner, former Governor of Washington (b. 1936)
2014 - David Brenner, American comedian (b. 1936)
2014 - Scott Asheton, American musician (b. 1949)
2014 - Clarissa Dickson Wright, English chef (b. 1947)
2014 - Cees Veerman, Dutch singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1943)
2015 - Mike Porcaro, American musician (Toto) (b. 1955)
2015 - Xu Caihou, Chinese army general (b. 1943)
2015 - Narayan Desai, Indian writer (b. 1924)
2015 - Sally Forrest, American singer and actress (b. 1928)
2015 - Curtis Gans, American activist (b. 1937)
2016 - Asa Briggs, Baron Briggs, British historian and codebreaker (b. 1921)
2016 - Tamara Grigsby, American politician (b. 1974)
2016 - Earline W. Parmon, American politician (b. 1943)
2016 - Seru Rabeni, Fijian rugby player (b. 1978)
2016 - Ralph C. Johnson, American politician (b. 1953)
2016 - Lyubka Rondova, Bulgarian folk singer (b. 1936)
2016 - Sylvia Anderson, British television producer and voice actress (b. 1927)
2017 - Sok An, Cambodian politician (b. 1950)
2017 - Enrique Morea, Argentine tennis player (b. 1924)
2017 - Dave Stallworth, American basketball player (b. 1941)
2018 - Tom Benson, American automobile dealer, philanthropist and sports team owner (b. 1927)
2018 - Ed Charles, American baseball player (b. 1933)
2018 - Augie Garrido, American baseball coach (b. 1939)
2018 - Mohamed Sayah, Tunisian politician (b. 1933)
2018 - Larry Kwong, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1923)
2019 - Okwui Enwezor, Nigerian art critic and writer (b. 1963)
2019 - Dave Hood Jr., American politician (b. 1954)
2019 - W. S. Merwin, American poet (b. 1927)
2020 - Vittorio Gregotti, Italian architect (b. 1927)
Observances
National Day of Hungary - Revolution of 1848
Holiday in Liberia - Birthday of the country's first President, Joseph Jenkins Roberts
Honen Matsuri (Japan)
Constitution Day (Belarus)
World Day for Muslim Culture, Peace, Dialogue and Film
World Consumer Rights Day
World Contact Day
Anniversary of the 2019 New Zealand Christchurch Mosque Shooting
Days of the year |
9870 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2014 | March 14 |
Events
Up to 1900
44 BC - Casca and Cassius decide, on the night before Julius Caesar's killing, that Mark Antony should stay alive.
1489 - Queen of Cyprus Catherine Cornaro sells her kingdom to Venice.
1590 - Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and a force of Huguenots defeat forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne during the French Wars of Religion.
1647 – Thirty Years' War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm.
1743 – The first town meeting was held in Boston, Massachusetts, at Faneuil Hall.
1780 - American Revolutionary War: Spanish forces capture Fort Charlotte in Mobile, Alabama, the last British frontier post capable of threatening New Orleans in then-Spanish Louisiana.
1794 – Eli Whitney is granted a patent for cotton gin.
1800 - Giorgio Barnaba Luigi Chiaramonti is elected to become Pope Pius VII.
1879 - Albert Einstein is born in Ulm, Southern Germany.
1883 - Communist thinker Karl Marx dies aged 64.
1885 - The Mikado, a light opera by W. S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan, receives its first public performance in London.
1888 – A three-day snowstorm in the Eastern US leaves 400 people dead.
1898 – Young Boys Berne Football Club is founded.
1899 - The Belgica expedition in Antarctica can continue again after just over a year of being stuck in pack-ice.
1900 - The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing United States Currency on the gold standard.
1901 2000
1903 - The Hay-Herran Treaty is ratified by the United States Senate, giving the United States the right to build the Panama Canal. It is later rejected by the Senate of Colombia, which at the time still included present-day Panama.
1903 - The Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge is created by Theodore Roosevelt.
1905 – Chelsea FC is founded.
1910 - Blow-out of the Lakeview Number One oil gusher in California.
1915 - World War I: German light cruiser SMS Dresden is abandoned by her crew, after being cornered by the Royal Navy off Chile.
1926 - A train crash between Heredia and Tibas in Costa Rica kills 248 people.
1931 - Aram Ara, India's first talking movie, is released.
1939 – Slovakia declares independence under German pressure.
1942 - Orvan Hess and John Bumstead become the first doctors in the US to treat a patient, Anne Miller, using penicillin.
1943 - Holocaust: The Krakow Ghetto is "liquidated".
1945 - World War II: Royal Air Force's first operational use of a "Grand Slam" bomb in Bielefeld.
1950 - The FBI publishes its Ten Most Wanted list for the first time.
1951 – Korean War: For the second time, UN troops recapture Seoul.
1964 – Jack Ruby is convicted of killing Lee Harvey Oswald.
1967 - The body of John F. Kennedy is moved to a permanent resting place in Arlington National Cemetery.
1972 - Italian publisher Giangiacomo Feltrinelli is killed in an explosion in Segrate.
1978 - The Israeli Defense Force invades and occupies southern Lebanon.
1979 - In China, a Hawker Siddeley Trident aircraft crashes into a factory near Beijing, killing at least 200 people.
1980 – A plane crash in Poland kills 87 people, including a 14-man American boxing team.
1988 - China defeats Vietnam in a naval battle. This is after China attempted to create oceanographic posts on the disputed Spratly Islands.
1993 - In a referendum, most voters in Andorra decide to adopt a democratic constitution.
1995 – Norman Thagard becomes the first American astronaut on board a Russian launch vehicle.
1997 - Chongqing is placed under rule from the Government of the People's Republic of China.
From 2001
2004 – Russian President Vladimir Putin wins a second term in office. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe deems the election only partially democratic.
2004 – Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero is elected Prime Minister of Spain, succeeding Jose Maria Aznar, whose response to the Madrid bombings is seen as a deciding factor in the outcome of the election.
2006 – Members of the Chadian military stage a coup attempt.
2008 - Widespread protests begin in Lhasa and across Tibet.
2012 – The International Criminal Court finds the leader of the Union of Congolese patriots Thomas Lubanga guilty of war crimes.
2012 – United Kingdom: Perth (Scotland), Chelmsford (Essex, England) and Saint Asaph (Wales) become cities.
2015 - Cyclone Pam: A tropical cyclone sweeps across the Pacific island country of Vanuatu, with an unknown number of casualties, and extensive damage.
2016 - The European Space Agency and Roscosmos launch the joint Exomars Trace Gas Orbiter on a mission to Mars.
2018 - Angela Merkel starts her fourth term as Chancellor of Germany after over five months of coalition negotiations.
2018 - The United Kingdom expels 23 Russian diplomats during an ongoing political row between the two countries over the poisoning of former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia in Salisbury.
2019 - The House of Commons of the United Kingdom votes by a majority to extend Brexit.
2019 - Cyclone Idai makes landfall in Mozambique, leading to hundreds of deaths and a humanitarian crisis across the Southeast African region.
Births
Up to 1900
1271 - Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1310)
1638 - Johann Georg Gichtel, German mystic (d. 1710)
1681 – Georg Philipp Telemann, German composer (d. 1767)
1782 - Thomas Hunt Benton, American politician (d. 1858)
1790 – Ludwig Emil Grimm, German painter and engraver (d. 1863)
1801 – Kristjan Jaak Peterson, Estonian poet (d. 1822)
1804 – Johann Strauß, Sr., Austrian composer (d. 1849)
1807 – Josephine of Leuchtenberg, Queen of Sweden and Norway (d. 1876)
1820 – Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy, 1st King of Italy (d. 1878)
1821 – Jens Jacob Asmussen Worsaae, Danish archaeologist (d. 1885)
1822 - Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, Empress of Brazil (d. 1889)
1824 - John Robson, Premier of British Columbia (d. 1892)
1833 – Lucy Hobbs Taylor, first female dentist in the United States (d. 1910)
1835 – Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer (d. 1910)
1836 - Isabella Mary Beeton, English cookery writer (d. 1865)
1844 – King Umberto I of Italy (d. 1900)
1848 - Albert Robida, French writer, artist and caricaturist (d. 1926)
1851 - John Sebastian Little, 21st Governor of Arkansas (d. 1916)
1853 - Ferdinand Hodler, Swiss painter (d. 1918)
1854 – Paul Ehrlich, German doctor, won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1915)
1854 – Thomas R. Marshall, 28th Vice President of the United States (d. 1925)
1854 - Alexandru Macedonski, Romanian writer (d. 1929)
1862 – Vilhelm Bjerknes, Norwegian physicist (d. 1951)
1864 - Alfred Redl, Austro-Hungarian army chief and Russian spy (d. 1913)
1866 - Alexei Troitsky, Russian chess problemist (d. 1942)
1868 - Emily Murphy, Canadian women's rights activist (d. 1933)
1869 - Algernon Blackwood, British writer (d. 1951)
1874 - Anton Philips, Dutch electronics businessman (d. 1951)
1879 – Albert Einstein, German-born theoretical physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
1880 – Princess Thyra, daughter of Frederick VIII of Denmark (d. 1945)
1882 – Waclaw Sierpinski, Polish mathematician (d. 1969)
1887 - Charles Reisner, American actor and director (d. 1962)
1894 - Osa Johnson, American director and explorer (d. 1953)
1899 - Ricardo Adolfo de Guardia Arango, 21st President of Panama (d. 1969)
1901 1950
1901 - Francisco Gamborena, Spanish footballer (d. 1982)
1903 - Mustafa Barzani, Kurdish politician (d. 1979)
1904 - Doris Eaton Travis, American actress (d. 2010)
1905 - Raymond Aron, French journalist, sociologist and philosopher (d. 1983)
1908 – Maurice Merleau-Ponty, French philosopher (d. 1961)
1911 – Akira Yoshizawa, Japanese origamist (d. 2005)
1912 - Les Brown, American bandleader (d. 2001)
1920 - Hank Ketcham, American cartoonist (d. 2001)
1920 - Dorothy Tyler-Odam, British high jumper (d. 2014)
1921 - S. Truett Cathy, American entrepreneur (d. 2014)
1922 - China Zorrilla, Uruguayan actress (d. 2014)
1922 - Les Baxter, American orchestra leader and arranger (d. 1996)
1923 – Diane Arbus, American photographer (d. 1971)
1925 - William Clay Ford, Sr., American businessman (d. 2014)
1926 - François Morel, Canadian pianist, conductor and music educator
1927 - Philippe Lemaire, French actor (d. 2004)
1928 – Frank Borman, American astronaut
1928 - Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, Spanish environmentalist (d. 1980)
1929 - Kirill Kovaldzhi, Russian author, poet and critic (d. 2017)
1931 – Lisbet Palme, wife of Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme (d. 2018)
1932 – Naina Yeltsina, wife of Russian President Boris Yeltsin
1932 - Mark Murphy, American jazz singer (d. 2015)
1933 - René Felber, Swiss politician
1933 - Ian Pieris, Sri Lankan cricketer (d. 2016)
1933 – Michael Caine, British actor and director
1933 – Quincy Jones, American musician and bandleader
1934 – Eugene Cernan, American astronaut (d. 2017)
1934 - Paul Rader, 15th General of the Salvation Army
1934 - Dionigi Tettamanzi, Italian cardinal (d. 2017)
1936 - Bob Charles, New Zealand golfer
1938 - Jan Crouch, American televangelist (d. 2016)
1939 – Pilar Bardem, Spanish actress
1939 - Bertrand Blier, French movie director and screenwriter
1939 - Yves Boisset, French movie director and screenwriter
1939 - Raymond J. Barry, American television, movie and stage actor
1940 - Masahiro Hamazaki, Japanese footballer
1940 - Julian Hunte, Saint Lucian diplomat
1941 - Gordon Neate, English footballer (d. 2019)
1941 – Wolfgang Petersen, German director
1942 - Rita Tushingham, British actress
1944 - Vaclav Nedomansky, Czech ice hockey player
1945 – Jasper Carrott, British comedian
1945 – Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho
1945 - Walter Parazaider, American jazz saxophonist
1946 - Zygmunt Anczok, Polish footballer
1946 - Gianni Bella, Italian singer
1946 - Steve Kanaly, American actor
1946 - Wes Unseld, American basketball player
1947 – Pam Ayres, British poet
1947 - William J. Jefferson, American politician
1947 - Peter Skellern, English singer and composer (d. 2017)
1948 – Billy Crystal, American actor and comedian
1948 - Tom Coburn, American politician (d. 2020)
1948 - Theo Jansen, Dutch artist
1949 - Helle Meri, former First Lady of Estonia
1951 1975
1951 - Jerry Greenfield, American businessman, co-founder of Ben & Jerry's ice cream
1955 - Daniel Bertoni, Argentine footballer
1956 – Tessa Sanderson, British athlete
1956 - Sean Mathias, Welsh theatre and movie director, actor and writer
1957 - Franco Frattini, Italian politician
1957 - Tad Williams, American writer
1958 – Albert II, Prince of Monaco
1958 - Leonhard Stock, Austrian skier
1958 - Francine Stock, British broadcaster
1959 - Steve Byrnes, American producer (d. 2015)
1959 - Laila Robins, American actress
1959 - Tamara Tunie, American actress
1960 - Kirby Puckett, American baseball player (d. 2006)
1961 - Mike Lazaridis, Turkish-Canadian businessman
1962 - Narumi Tsunoda, Japanese voice actress
1963 - Pedro Duque, Spanish astronaut
1963 - Mahiro Maeda, Japanese animator, anime director and character designer
1964 - Dario Bisso, Italian conductor and composer
1965 – Aamir Khan, Indian actor
1965 - Kevin Williamson, American screenwriter, producer, director and actor
1965 - Kiana Tom, American actress, television host and author
1966 - Johan Elmer, Danish movie director, screenwriter and actor
1966 - Elise Neal, American actress
1966 - Gary Anthony Williams, American actor
1967 - Michael Fincke, American astronaut
1968 - Megan Follows, American actress
1970 - Junior Baiano, Brazilian footballer
1970 - Chris Hondros, American photographer (d. 2011)
1972 - Irom Sharmila, Indian Manipuri activist
1973 - Rohit Shetty, Indian movie director
1974 - Patrick Traverse, Canadian ice hockey player
1975 – Fredrik Ericsson, Swedish climber (d. 2010)
1975 - Steve Harper, English footballer
1975 - Rushanara Ali, Bangladeshi-English politician
From 1976
1976 – Phil Vickery, English rugby player
1976 - Daniel Gillies, Canadian-New Zealand actor
1977 - Kim Nam-Il, South Korean footballer
1977 – Matthew Booth, South African footballer
1977 – Naoki Matsuda, Japanese footballer (d. 2011)
1977 – Vadims Fjodorovs, Latvian footballer
1977 - Ida Corr, Danish singer and composer
1978 – Carlo Giuliani, Italian anarchist (d. 2001)
1978 – Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer
1979 – Gao Ling, Chinese badminton player
1979 – Nicolas Anelka, French footballer
1980 - Matteo Grassotto, Italian racing driver
1981 - Jan Polak, Czech footballer
1982 – François Sterchele, Belgian footballer (d. 2008)
1982 – Carlos Marinelli, Argentine footballer
1982 - Kate Maberly, English actress and musician
1983 - Bakhtiyar Artayev, Kazakhstani boxer
1983 – Taylor Hanson, American musician
1983 - Anas Sarwar, Scottish politician
1984 - Liesel Pritzker Simmons, American actress
1985 – Idaira, Spanish singer
1985 - Ian Black, Scottish footballer
1985 - Eva Angelina, American pornographic actress and model
1985 - Brianna Love, American pornographic actress
1986 – Jamie Bell, English actor
1988 - Lautaro Acosta, Argentine footballer
1988 – Stephen Curry, American basketball player
1988 - Sasha Grey, American pornographic actress and musician
1989 - Colby O'Donis, American singer
1990 - Joe Allen, Welsh footballer
1990 - Kolbeinn Sigthorsson, Icelandic footballer
1990 - Triin Ojaste, Estonian skier
1991 - Gotoku Sakai, Japanese footballer
1992 - Jasmine Murray, American singer
1994 - Ansel Elgort, American actor
1997 - Simone Biles, American gymnast
Deaths
Up to 1900
313 – Jin Huidi, Chinese Emperor (b. 284)
840 - Einhard, French writer and historian (b. 770)
968 – Matilda of Ringelheim, German Queen (b. 895)
1457 – Jingtai Emperor of China (b. 1428)
1632 – Tokugawa Hidetada, Japanese shogun (b. 1579)
1647 – Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (b. 1584)
1757 - John Byng, English admiral (b. 1704)
1765 - Ayagawa Gorogi, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1703)
1803 – Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German writer (b. 1774)
1805 - Stanislaw Szczesny Potocki, Russian general (b. 1753)
1811 – Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, British Prime Minister (b. 1735)
1860 - Carl Ritter von Ghega, Italian engineer (b. 1802)
1877 – Juan Manuel de Rosas, Argentine military leader (b. 1793)
1883 – Karl Marx, German political theorist (b. 1818)
1884 – Quintino Sella, Italian statesman (b. 1827)
1901 2000
1921 - Larry McLean, Canadian-American baseball player (b. 1881)
1932 – George Eastman, American inventor (b. 1854)
1933 - Balto, famous Siberian husky (b. 1919)
1946 - Werner von Blomberg, German field marshal (b. 1878)
1949 - John Callan O'Laughlin, American journalist and politician (b. 1873)
1953 - Klement Gottwald, Czechoslovakian politician (b. 1896)
1957 - Evagoras Pallikarides, Greek-Cypriot freedom fighter (b. 1938)
1965 - Marion Jones Farquhar, American tennis player (b. 1879)
1972 - Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, Italian publisher and political activist (b. 1926)
1973 – Howard Aiken, American engineer (b. 1900)
1973 - Chic Young, American cartoonist (b. 1901)
1973 - Rafael Godoy, Colombian composer (b. 1907)
1975 - Susan Hayward, American actress (b. 1917)
1975 - Günther Reindorff, Estonian graphic designer (b. 1899)
1976 - Busby Berkeley, American choreographer and director (b. 1895)
1977 – Fannie Lou Hamer, American Civil Rights activist (b. 1917)
1980 – Mohammad Hatta, Indonesian politician (b. 1902)
1980 - Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, Spanish environmentalist (b. 1928)
1983 - Maurice Ronet, French movie actor (b. 1927)
1984 - Hovhannes Shiraz, Armenian poet (b. 1915)
1989 – Zita of Bourbon-Parma, last Empress of Austria (b. 1892)
1989 – Edward Abbey, American writer and environmental activist (b. 1927)
1991 – Howard Ashman, American lyricist and playwright (b. 1950)
1991 - Doc Pomus, American singer-songwriter (b. 1925)
1992 – Jean Noiret, French actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1926)
1995 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist (b. 1911)
1997 - Fred Zinnemann, Austrian-American director (b. 1907)
From 2001
2005 – Akira Yoshizawa, Japanese origamist (b. 1911)
2006 – Lennart Meri, President of Estonia (b. 1929)
2007 - Lucie Aubrac, French Resistance activist (b. 1912)
2008 – Chiara Lubich, Italian Catholic activist and founder of the Focolare (b. 1920)
2009 – Alain Bashung, French singer and actor (b. 1947)
2010 – Peter Graves, American actor (b. 1926)
2012 – Censu Tabone, 4th President of Malta (b. 1913)
2013 - Mirja Hietamies, Finnish skier (b. 1931)
2013 - Ieng Sary, Vietnamese-Cambodian Khmer Rouge politician (b. 1925)
2014 - Tony Benn, British politician (b. 1925)
2014 - Glenn McDuffie, American World War II sailor (b. 1927)
2014 - Otakar Brousek, Sr., Czech actor (b. 1924)
2014 - Meir Har-Zion, Israeli military commando (b. 1934)
2014 - Ken Utsui, Japanese actor (b. 1931)
2014 - Werner Rackwitz, German opera director (b. 1929)
2014 - Sam Lacey, American basketball player (b. 1948)
2015 - Valentin Rasputin, Russian writer (b. 1937)
2016 - Peter Maxwell Davies, British composer (b. 1934)
2016 - Riccardo Garrone, Italian actor (b. 1926)
2016 - Suranimala Rajapaksha, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1949)
2016 - John W. Cahn, American metallurgist (b. 1928)
2016 - Davy Walsh, Irish footballer (b. 1923)
2017 - Jack H. Harris, American film producer (b. 1918)
2017 - Jim McAnearney, Scottish footballer (b. 1935)
2017 - Royal Robbins, American rock climber and writer (b. 1935)
2017 - Rodrigo Valdéz, Colombian boxer (b. 1946)
2017 - John Van de Kamp, American politician and attorney (b. 1936)
2017 - André Tosel, French philosopher (b. 1941)
2018 - Stephen Hawking, British physicist, cosmologist and mathematician (b. 1942)
2018 - Jim Bowen, British comedian and television presenter (b. 1937)
2018 - Emilio Disi, Argentine actor and humourist (b. 1943)
2018 - Marielle Franco, Brazilian politician (b. 1979)
2018 - Narendra Jha, Indian actor (b. 1962)
2018 - Adrian Lamo, Colombian-American computer hacker and political activist (b. 1981)
2018 - Liam O'Flynn, Irish uilleann piper (b. 1945)
2019 - Birch Bayh, American politician and United States Senator (b. 1928)
2019 - Godfried Danneels, Belgian cardinal (b. 1933)
2019 - Ralph Metzner, American psychologist (b. 1936)
2019 - William Stanley Peart, British physician and clinical researcher (b. 1922)
2019 - Charlie Whiting, British motorsports director (b. 1952)
Observances
Pi Day
National Mother Tongue Day (Estonia) celebrating the birthday of the poet Kristjan Jaak Peterson
White Day (Japan and Korea)
Spring Day (Albania)
Heroes' Day (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)
Nanakshahi New Year (Sikhism)
Days of the year |
9871 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2013 | March 13 |
Events
Up to 1900
483 – St. Felix becomes Pope.
874 – The bones of Saint Nicephorus are interred in the Church of the Apostles, Constantinople.
1138 – Cardinal Gregory is elected anti-pope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II.
1639 – Harvard College was named for clergyman John Harvard.
1781 – William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus.
1809 - Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden is deposed in a coup d'état.
1848 - The March Revolution in Vienna begins.
1862 – American Civil War:the US federal government forbids all Union army officers from returning fugitive slaves, thus effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation.
1865 – American Civil War: The Confederate States of America reluctantly agrees to the use of African American troops.
1881 – Alexander II of Russia is killed near his palace when a bomb is thrown at him. (Gregorian date: it was 1 March in the Julian calendar then in use in Russia.)
1884 – The siege of Khartoum, Sudan begins (ends on January 26, 1885).
1897 – San Diego State University founded.
1900 – Second Boer War: British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free State.
1900 – In France, length of a workday for women and children is limited to 11 hours by law.
1901 2000
1920 - The "Wolfgang Kapp Putsch" briefly ousts the Weimar Republic government from Berlin.
1921 – Mongolia, under Black Baron, declares its independence from China.
1925 – Scopes Trial: A law in Tennessee prohibits the teaching of evolution.
1933 – Great Depression: Banks in the United States begin to re-open after the Presidentially mandated "bank holiday".
1940 – Winter War ended.
1943 – World War II: In Bougainville, Japanese troops end their assault on American forces at Hill 700.
1943 – Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków.
1954 – Battle of Dien Bien Phu: Viet Minh forces attack the French.
1957 – The FBI arrests Jimmy Hoffa and charges him with bribery.
1964 – A young woman, Kitty Genovese, is murdered in front of multiple witnesses who all fail to help her, in an incident which shocks the world and prompts investigation into the Bystander effect.
1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module.
1971 – In New York City, Rock group The Allman Brothers Band record a concert that will be released as their classic live album At Fillmore East
1979 – The New Jewel Movement, headed by Maurice Bishop, ousts Prime Minister Eric Gairy in a nearly bloodless coup d'état in Grenada.
1988 – The Seikan Tunnel, the longest undersea tunnel in world, is opened, connecting Aomori and Hakodate in Japan.
1988 – I. King Jordan becomes the first Deaf president of Gallaudet University after the Deaf President Now demonstrations.
1990 - Ertha Pascal-Trouillot becomes the first female President of Haiti.
1991 – The United States Justice Department announces that Exxon has agreed to pay $1 billion for the clean-up of the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska.
1992 – In eastern Turkey, an earthquake registering 6.8 on the Richter scale kills over 500.
1993 – The Great Blizzard of 1993 strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from Cuba to Québec.
1996 – The Dunblane Massacre: In Dunblane, Scotland, 16 children and 1 adult teacher are shot dead by a spree killer who then commits suicide.
1997 – India's Missionaries of Charity chooses Sister Nirmala to succeed Mother Teresa as its leader.
1997 – In Phoenix, Arizona, Arizona, the Phoenix Lights, one of the most widely witnessed UFO sightings, take place.
2000 – After 17 seasons in the NFL, Miami Dolphins quarterback Dan Marino retires.
From 2001
2003 – Human evolution: The journal Nature reports that 350,000-year-old upright-walking human footprints have been found in Italy.
2005 - A Presidential election takes place in Kyrgyzstan. Controversy around this election leads to the removal of President Askar Akayev.
2012 - Editors of the Encyclopaedia Britannica announce that they are to stop publishing its print edition, in order to focus on its online edition.
2012 - 28 people are killed as a bus returning from a school trip back to Belgium crashes in a tunnel in Canton Valais, Switzerland.
2013 - cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Argentina is elected Pope, choosing to be known as Pope Francis. He is the first Pope from Latin America as well as the first Jesuit Pope.
2015 - Iceland withdraws its application for European Union membership.
2016 - 17 people are killed in an armed attack on a hotel in the Ivory Coast.
2016 - 37 people are killed in bomb attack in Ankara, Turkey.
2017 - Nicola Sturgeon asks for permission to hold a second referendum on Scottish independence.
2018 - US President Donald Trump fires his Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and nominates CIA Director Mike Pompeo to replace him.
2019 - A school shooting in Suzano, São Paulo, Brazil, kills 8 people.
2019 - A school collapse in Lagos, Nigeria, kills 8 people.
2019 - The House of Commons of the United Kingdom votes by a majority against a "No-Deal" Brexit.
Births
Up to 1900
1372 - Louis of Valois, Duke of Orleans, brother of Charles VI of France (d. 1407)
1593 - Georges de La Tour, French painter (d. 1652)
1615 – Pope Innocent XII (d. 1700)
1683 - John Theophilus Desaguliers, French-British politician (d. 1744)
1696 - Armand de Vignerot du Plessis, Marshal of France (d. 1788)
1700 - Michel Blavet, French flautist (d. 1768)
1720 – Charles Bonnet, Swiss naturalist and writer (d. 1793)
1733 – Joseph Priestley, English scientist (d. 1804)
1741 – Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1790)
1764 – Earl Grey, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1845)
1770 - Daniel Lambert, English man known for his obesity (d. 1809)
1781 – Karl Friedrich Schinkel, German architect (d. 1841)
1798 – Abigail Fillmore, First Lady of the United States (d. 1853)
1815 - James Curtis Hepburn, American physician and Christian missionary (d. 1911)
1825 – Hans Gude, Norwegian painter (d. 1903)
1829 - Richard Coke, 16th Governor of Texas (d. 1897)
1842 - Joseph Valentin Boussinesq, French mathematician and physicist (d. 1929)
1845 - Jan Baudouin de Courtenay, Polish linguist (d. 1929)
1855 – Percival Lowell, American astronomer (d. 1916)
1857 - B. H. Roberts, Mormon leader, historian and politician (d. 1935)
1860 – Hugo Wolf, Austrian composer (d. 1903)
1864 - Alexei von Jawlensky, Russian painter (d. 1941)
1870 - Albert Meyer, Swiss politician (d. 1953)
1874 - Ellery Clark, American athlete (d. 1949)
1883 - Enrico Toselli, Italian composer and pianist (d. 1926)
1884 - Hugh Walpole, English novelist (d. 1941)
1886 – Home Run Baker, American baseball player (d. 1963)
1888 – Paul Morand, French writer (d. 1976)
1890 - Fritz Busch, German conductor (d. 1951)
1895 - Luigi Cevenini, Italian footballer (d. 1968)
1897 - Yeghishe Charents, Armenian poet, writer and public activist (d. 1937)
1898 - Henry Hathaway, American movie director and producer (d. 1985)
1899 - Bela Guttman, Hungarian footballer (d. 1981)
1899 – John Hasbrouck van Vleck, American physicist (d. 1980)
1900 - Salote Tupou III, Queen of Tonga (d. 1965)
1900 – Giorgos Seferis, Greek poet (d. 1971)
1901 1950
1902 - Mohammed Abdel Wahab, Egyptian singer and composer (d. 1991)
1903 - Yasutaro Koide, Japanese supercentenarian (d. 2016)
1906 - Nguyen Van Thien, Vietnamese Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2012)
1907 - Mircea Eliade, Romanian historian and author (d. 1986)
1908 - Walter Annenberg, American philanthropist, editor and diplomat (d. 2002)
1910 - Karl Gustav Ahlefeldt, Danish actor (d. 1985)
1910 - Sammy Kaye, American saxophonist, bandleader and songwriter (d. 1987)
1910 - Kemal Tahir, Turkish novelist and intellectual (d. 1973)
1911 – L. Ron Hubbard, American founder of Scientology (d. 1986)
1913 – Sergey Mikhalkov, Russian writer (d. 2009)
1913 – William Casey, American CIA director (d. 1987)
1916 - Jacque Fresco, American futurist, writer and engineer (d. 2017)
1921 - Al Jaffee, American cartoonist
1921 - Gitta Sereny, Austrian-British biographer, historian and investigative journalist (d. 2012)
1923 – Dimitrios Ioannidis, Greek military officer (d. 2010)
1923 - William F. Bolger, 65th Postmaster General of the United States (d. 1989)
1925 - Roy Haynes, American jazz drummer
1926 – Carlos Roberto Reina, President of Honduras (d. 2003)
1927 - Ivan Irwin, American-Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2019)
1928 - Douglas Rain, Canadian actor (d. 2018)
1929 - Zbigniew Messner, Prime Minister of Poland (d. 2014)
1929 - Bunny Yeager, American model and photographer (d. 2014)
1929 - Peter Breck, American actor (d. 2012)
1929 - Joseph Mascolo, American musician and actor (d. 2016)
1930 - Günther Uecker, German painter
1931 - Wolfgang Kohlhaase, German screenwriter and movie director
1933 - Pee Wee Gaskins, American serial killer (d. 1991)
1933 - Mahdi Elmandjra, Moroccan economist and futurologist (d. 2014)
1934 - Mario David, Italian footballer (d. 2005)
1934 - Mario Missiroli, Italian director (d. 2014)
1935 - David Nobbs, English comedy writer (d. 2015)
1936 - José Mojica Marins, Brazilian filmmaker and actor
1936 - Michael Checkland, former Director-General of the BBC
1937 - Vladimir Makanin, Russian writer (d. 2017)
1938 - Erma Franklin, American singer (d. 2002)
1938 - Tochinoumi Teruyoshi, Japanese sumo wrestler
1939 - Yoshinobu Ishii, Japanese footballer (d. 2018)
1939 – Neil Sedaka, American singer-songwriter
1940 - Christopher Gable, British dancer, choreographer and actor (d. 1998)
1940 - Jacqueline Sassard, French actress
1941 - John Clark, Scottish footballer
1941 – Mahmoud Darwish, Palestinian poet (d. 2008)
1942 – Scatman John, American singer (d. 1999)
1942 - Geoffrey Hayes, English actor and screenwriter (d. 2018)
1942 - Dave Cutler, American computer scientist and engineer
1943 - Giancarlo De Sisti, Italian footballer
1943 - André Téchiné, French director and songwriter
1945 – Anatoly Fomenko, Russian mathematician
1946 – Yonatan Netanyahu, Israeli soldier (d. 1976)
1947 - Lesley Collier, English ballerina and educator
1949 - Sian Elias, New Zealand judge, 12th Chief Justice of New Zealand
1950 – William H. Macy, American actor
1951 1975
1952 - Wolfgang Rihm, German composer and essayist
1953 – Deborah Raffin, American actress (d. 2012)
1953 - Ridley Pearson, American writer
1954 – Valerie Amos, Baroness Amos, British politician and diplomat
1955 – Bruno Conti, Italian footballer
1955 - Olga Rukavishnikova, Russian athlete
1956 - Dana Delany, American actress
1957 - John Hoeven, 31st Governor of North Dakota
1958 – Linda Robson, English actress
1959 - Kathy Hilton, American socialite
1960 – Adam Clayton, Irish bassist (U2)
1960 - Yuri Andrukhovych, Ukrainian writer, poet and political essayist
1960 - Jorge Sampaoli, Argentine footballer and manager
1961 – Sebastiano Nela, Italian footballer
1962 - Terence Blanchard, American trumpeter and composer
1967 – Andrés Escobar, Colombian footballer (d. 1994)
1969 – Luca Bucci, Italian footballer
1971 – Annabeth Gish, American actress
1971 - Carme Chacón, Spanish politician (d. 2017)
1973 – Edgar Davids, Dutch footballer
1973 - David Draiman, American musician
1974 – Thomas Enqvist, Swedish tennis player
From 1976
1977 – Momo Sylla, Guinean footballer
1979 - Spanky G, American musician (Bloodhound Gang)
1979 - Johan Santana, Venezuelan baseball player
1979 - Cedric van Branteghem, Belgian athlete
1980 - Sara Bergmark Elfgren, Swedish writer
1980 - Caron Butler, American basketball player
1980 - Molly Stanton, American actress
1980 - Flavia Cacace, Italian dancer
1981 – Stephen Maguire, Scottish snooker player
1981 - April Matson, American actress and singer
1982 - Jeremy Curl, English explorer, author and photographer
1982 - Gisela Mota Ocampo, Mexican politician (d. 2016)
1985 - Ben Lowe, Australian rugby player
1985 - Naughty Boy, English DJ and producer
1986 - Shunsuke Daito, Japanese actor
1987 - Marco Andretti, American racing driver
1987 – Andreas Beck, German footballer
1989 – Holger Badstuber, German footballer
1989 – Marko Marin, German footballer
1989 - Peaches Geldof, British television personality (d. 2014)
1989 - Harry Helling, British actor
1991 - Kim Eli, South Korean singer (U-KISS)
1991 - Le Quang Liem, Vietnamese chess player
1991 - Tristan Thompson, Canadian basketball player
1991 - Luan Santana, Brazilian singer and composer
1992 - Lucy Fry, Australian actress
1992 - Kaya Scodelario, British actress
1994 - Gerard Deulofeu, Spanish footballer
1995 - Mikaela Shiffrin, American skier
Deaths
Up to 1900
600 - Leander of Seville, Spanish bishop (b. 534)
1202 - Mieszko III the Old, Duke of Greater Poland (b. 1126)
1395 - John Barbour, Scottish priest and poet (b. 1320)
1516 - King Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary (b. 1456)
1569 - Louis, Prince of Condé (b. 1530)
1767 – Maria Josepha of Saxony, mother of Louis XVI of France (b. 1731)
1773 - Philibert Commerson, French historian and explorer (b. 1727)
1808 – King Christian VII of Denmark (b. 1749)
1842 – Henry Shrapnel, English soldier and inventor (b. 1761)
1854 - Jean-Baptiste Villèle, Prime Minister of France (b. 1773)
1873 - David Swinson Maynard, founder of Seattle (b. 1808)
1879 – Adolf Anderssen, German chess player (b. 1818)
1881 – Tsar Alexander II of Russia (b. 1818)
1901 2000
1901 – Benjamin Harrison, 23rd President of the United States (b. 1833)
1906 – Susan B. Anthony, American suffragette (b. 1820)
1913 - Ernst Georg Ravenstein, German-English geographer and cartographer (b. 1834)
1914 - Hakeem Noord-ud-Din, Muslim scholar
1918 – César Cui, Russian composer (b. 1835)
1936 - Francis Bell, 20th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1851)
1938 – Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, Russian politician and intellectual (b. 1888)
1938 – Clarence Darrow, American attorney (b. 1857)
1938 - Carlo Minoretti, Italian cardinal (b. 1861)
1949 - Henri Giraud, French general (b. 1879)
1955 – King Tribhuvan of Nepal (b. 1906)
1964 - Kitty Genovese, American murder victim (b. 1935)
1965 - Fan S. Noli, 14th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1882)
1975 – Ivo Andric, Serbo-Croatian writer (b. 1892)
1987 – Bernhard Grzimek, German zoologist, movie maker and writer (b. 1909)
1990 – Bruno Bettelheim, Austrian-American child psychologist (b. 1903)
1990 - Karl Münchinger, German conductor (b. 1915)
1995 - Odette Hallowes, French nurse and spy (b. 1912)
1996 - Krzysztof Kieslowski, Polish movie director (b. 1941)
1998 - Judge Dread, English singer-songwriter (b. 1911)
1998 - Hans von Ohain, German-American physicist and engineer (b. 1911)
1999 – Garson Kanin, American playwright and screenwriter (b. 1912)
From 2001
2001 - Encarnacion Alzona, Filipino historian and educator (b. 1895)
2002 – Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher (b. 1900)
2004 - Vilayat Khan, Indian sitar player and composer (b. 1928)
2006 – Jimmy Johnstone, Scottish footballer (b. 1944)
2006 – Maureen Stapleton, American actress (b. 1925)
2006 – Robert C. Baker, inventor of the Chicken Nugget (b. 1921)
2009 - Andrew Martin, American professional wrestler (b. 1975)
2010 – He Pingping, smallest man in the world with the ability to walk (b. 1988)
2011 – Owsley Stanley, LSD supplier (b. 1935)
2012 – Michel Duchaussoy, French actor (b. 1938)
2012 - Jacques Villiers, French engineer (b. 1924)
2013 - Tore Lokoloko, 2nd Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (b. 1930)
2013 - Malachi Throne, American actor (b. 1928)
2014 - Reubin Askew, 37th Governor of Florida (b. 1937)
2014 - Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, 3rd President of Sierra Leone (b. 1932)
2014 - Icchokas Mera, Lithuanian writer (b. 1934)
2015 - Daevid Allen, Australian musician (b. 1938)
2015 - Irwin Hasen, American cartoonist and comic artist (b. 1918)
2015 - Al Rosen, American baseball player (b. 1924)
2016 - Adrienne Corri, British actress (b. 1930)
2016 - Martin Olav Sabo, American politician (b. 1938)
2016 - Hilary Putnam, American philosopher, mathematician and computer scientist (b. 1926)
2017 - Adib Boroumand, Iranian poet and politician (b. 1924)
2017 - Kika de la Garza, American politician (b. 1927)
2017 - Richard, 6th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg, German nobleman (b. 1934)
2017 - Amy Krouse Rosenthal, American author and film director (b. 1965)
2017 - Ed Whitlock, English-Canadian long-distance runner (b. 1931)
2017 - Hiroto Muraoka, Japanese footballer (b. 1931)
2017 - Henri Cueco, French painter and writer (b. 1929)
2017 - Morton Deutsch, American social psychologist (b. 1920)
2017 - André Jagendorf, American plant biologist (b. 1926)
2017 - Sarah Jiménez, Mexican artist (b. 1927)
2017 - Richard H. Solomon, American diplomat (b. 1939)
2018 - T. Berry Brazelton, American paediatrician and author (b. 1918)
2018 - Bebeto de Freitas, Brazilian volleyball coach and football manager (b. 1950)
2018 - Jens Nilsson, Swedish politician (b. 1948)
2018 - Leonid Kvinikhidze, Russian screenwriter and director (b. 1937)
2018 - Gordon Walgren, American politician and convicted fraudster (b. 1933)
2019 - Frank Cali, American crime boss (b. 1965)
2019 - Harry Hughes, American politician, 57th Governor of Maryland (b. 1926)
2019 - Ghazali Jaafar, Filipino militant and politician (b. 1943)
2019 - Andrea Pollack, German swimmer (b. 1961)
2019 - Leroy Stanton, American baseball player (b. 1946)
Days of the year |
9872 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2012 | March 12 |
Events
Up to 1900
515 BC – Construction is completed on the Temple in Jerusalem.
1550 - Several hundred Spanish and indigenous troops under the command of Pedro Valdivia defeat an army of 60,000 Mapuche at the Battle of Penco during the Arauco War in present-day Chile.
1622 - Ignatius of Loyola and Saint Francis Xavier are canonized as Saints of the Roman Catholic Church.
1664 – New Jersey becomes a colony of Britain.
1689 - The Williamite War in Ireland begins.
1811 - Peninsular War: A day after a successful rear guard action, French Marshal Michel Neyonce again successfully delays the pursuing an Anglo-Portuguese force at the Battle of Redinha.
1868 - Henry O'Farrell attempts to kill Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh.
1871 - Karl Theodor Robert Luther discovers Jupiter's moon Amalthea.
1878 - Walvis Bay in present-day Namibia comes under British control.
1881 - Andrew Watson makes his first appearance for the Scotland national football team, as the world's first black footballer to turn out for a national side.
1894 – Coca-Cola is sold in bottles for the first time.
1901 2000
1912 – The Girl Guides (later renamed the Girl Scouts in the US) are founded in the US.
1913 – Canberra becomes the capital of Australia.
1918 - Moscow becomes the capital city of Russia.
1922 - Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan form the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic.
1928 – In California, the St. Francis Dam fails, killing 400 people.
1930 – Mahatma Gandhi leads a 200-mile march known as Dandi March to the sea in defiance of British opposition, to protest the British monopoly on salt.
1933 – Great Depression: Franklin Delano Roosevelt addresses the nation for the first time as President of the United States. This was also the first of his "Fireside Chats."
1934 - Konstantin Pats and General John Laidoner stage a coup in Estonia.
1934 - Japanese torpedo boat Tomozuru sinks in a storm off Sasebo, Nagasaki, killing 100 out of the 113 people on board.
1938 – Anschluss: German troops occupy Austria; annexation declared the following day.
1940 – Winter War: Finland signs a harsh peace treaty with the Soviet Union, ceding almost all of Finnish Karelia. Finnish troops and remaining population are immediately evacuated.
1947 – The Truman Doctrine is proclaimed to help stem the spread of Communism.
1950 - Llandow Air Disaster: In South Wales, an aircraft crashes near the village of Sigingstone, killing 80 people.
1951 – The Dennis the Menace comic strip appears in newspapers across the USA for the first time.
1956 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 500 for the first time (500.24)
1958 – In Hilversum, Netherlands, André Claveau wins the third Eurovision Song Contest for France singing "Dors, mon amour" (Sleep, my love).
1960 – A fire at a chemical plant in Pusan, Korea kills 68.
1961 - The Eiger north face is climbed outside the main climbing season for the first time.
1967 – Suharto takes over from Sukarno to become President of Indonesia.
1968 – Mauritius achieves independence.
1984 - National Union of Mineworkers leader Arthur Scargill, call for a nationwide strike against the economic policies of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Margaret Thatcher.
1987 – Les Misérables opens on Broadway.
1992 – Mauritius becomes a republic while remaining a member of the British Commonwealth.
1993 – Several bombs explode in Bombay, India killing about 300 and injuring hundreds more.
1993 – North Korea nuclear weapons program: North Korea says that it plans to withdraw from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites.
1993 - The Blizzard of '93 hits the eastern United States, with heavy snowfall, high winds and tornadoes.
1994 – A photo by Marmaduke Wetherell, previously touted as 'proof' of the Loch Ness monster, is confirmed to be a hoax.
1994 – The Church of England ordains its first female priests.
1997 – Mikail Markhasev is arrested in Los Angeles, California and charged with shooting Bill Cosby's 27-year-old son, Ennis Cosby.
1999 – Former Warsaw Pact members the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland join the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO).
From 2001
2002 – In Texas, Andrea Yates is found guilty of drowning her five children on June 20, 2001. She is later sentenced to life in prison.
2003 – Zoran Djindjic, Prime Minister of Serbia, assassinated in Belgrade.
2003 – Elizabeth Smart, a kidnapped teenager is found and returned to her family in Utah.
2004 – Roh Moo-hyun, President of South Korea is impeached by its national assembly for the first time in the nation's history.
2005 – Tung Chee Hwa, the first Chief Executive of Hong Kong, stepped down from his post after his resignation is approved by the Chinese central government.
2010 - The Winter Paralympics begin in Vancouver.
2011 - Fukushima nuclear disaster: After the previous day's earthquake and tsunami in northeastern Japan, the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant fails in several reactors, causing a nuclear disaster, as explosions occur.
2014 - An explosion at the New York City neighborhood of East Harlem kills 8 people and injures around 70.
2017 - A landslide at a landfill site outside Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, kills 72 people.
2019 - British Prime Minister Theresa May loses a second vote on her Brexit deal in the House of Commons.
Births
Up to 1900
1270 - Charles, Count of Valois, son of Philip III of France (d. 1325)
1479 - Giuliano de' Medici, Duke of Nemours, ruler of Florence (d. 1516)
1607 – Paul Gerhardt, German hymnist (d. 1676)
1620 - Johann Heinrich Hottinger, Swiss philologist and theologian (d. 1667)
1626 - John Aubrey, English writer (d. 1697)
1637 - Anne Hyde, wife of James VII of Scotland/James II of England (d. 1671)
1685 – George Berkeley, Irish philosopher (d. 1753)
1710 – Thomas Arne, English composer (d. 1778)
1713 - Johann Adolph Hass, German instrument maker (d. 1771)
1728 - Anton Raphael Mengs, German painter (d. 1779)
1763 - Martin Chittenden, American politician, Governor of Vermont (d. 1840)
1769 - Archibald Campbell, British general (d. 1843)
1781 - Frederica of Baden, Queen of Sweden (d. 1826)
1795 - George T. Wood, 2nd Governor of Texas (d. 1858)
1806 – Jane Pierce, First Lady of the United States (d. 1863)
1821 – John Abbott, 3rd Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1893)
1821 - Luitpold, Prince of Bavaria (d. 1912)
1824 – Gustav Kirchhoff, German physicist (d. 1887)
1832 – Charles Boycott, British land agent (d. 1897)
1835 - Simon Newcomb, Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician (d. 1909)
1837 - Alexandre Guilmant, French organist and composer (d. 1911)
1838 - William Henry Perkin, English chemist (d. 1907)
1851 - Theodore Thurston Geer, American politician, 10th Governor of Oregon (d. 1924)
1858 - Adolph Ochs, American newspaper publisher (d. 1935)
1863 – Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian writer and politician (d. 1938)
1864 - Alice Tegnér, Swedish composer and organist (d. 1943)
1864 - W. H. R. Rivers, English anthropologist neurologist, ethnologist and psychiatrist (d. 1922)
1869 - George Forbes, 22nd Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1947)
1876 - Elbert Lee Trinkle, Governor of Virginia (d. 1939)
1878 - Gemma Galgani, Italian mystic and saint (d. 1903)
1881 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, First President of Turkey (d. 1938)
1884 – Vittorio Pozzo, Italian footballer and coach (d. 1968)
1889 – Thorbergur Thordarson, Icelandic writer (d. 1974)
1890 – King Idris of Libya (d. 1983)
1890 - Vaslav Nijinsky, Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 1950)
1901 1950
1908 - David Marshall, 1st Chief Minister of Singapore (d. 1995)
1910 – Masayoshi Ohira, Japanese statesman (d. 1980)
1911 - Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, President of Mexico (d. 1979)
1912 - Paul Weston, American pianist, arranger and conductor (d. 1996)
1913 - Yashwantrao Chavan, Indian politician (d. 1984)
1913 - Agathe von Trapp, Austrian-American singer (d. 2010)
1914 - Julia Lennon, John Lennon's mother (d. 1958)
1917 - Leonard Chess, American company executive (d. 1969)
1918 - Elaine de Kooning, American artist (d. 1989)
1919 – Michael Stepovich, Territorial Governor of Alaska, last-surviving territorial Governor in the US (d. 2014)
1921 – Gianni Agnelli, Italian automobile executive (d. 2003)
1921 - Ulo Jogi, Estonian anti-Soviet activist (d. 2007)
1921 - Gordon MacRae, American singer and actor (d. 1986)
1922 – Jack Kerouac, American writer (d. 1969)
1923 – Wally Schirra, American astronaut (d. 2007)
1923 - Clara Fraser, American activist (d. 1998)
1923 – Hanne Hiob, German actress (d. 2009)
1923 - Hjalmar Andersen, Norwegian speed skater (d. 2013)
1923 - Mae Young, American wrestler (d. 2014)
1924 - Mary Lee Woods, British mathematician and computer programmer (d. 2017)
1925 - Leo Esaki, Japanese physicist
1925 - Harry Harrison, American writer (d. 2012)
1925 - Georges Delerue, French movie score composer (d. 1992)
1926 - Gudrun Ure, Scottish actress
1926 – George Ariyoshi, American politician, former Governor of Hawaii
1926 - Minerva Mirabal, Dominican activist (d. 1960)
1927 – Raul Alfonsin, President of Argentina (d. 2009)
1927 - Ragne Tangen, Norwegian children's television presenter (d. 2015)
1928 – Edward Albee, American dramatist (d. 2016)
1930 - Win Tin, Burmese politician (d. 2014)
1931 - Robert B. Oakley, American diplomat (d. 2014)
1932 - Andrew Young, 14th United States Ambassador to the United Nations
1933 - Ken Hodgkisson, English footballer (d. 2018)
1933 - Barbara Lee Feldon, American actress and model
1935 - Valentyna Shevchenko, Soviet-Ukrainian politician
1936 - Eddie Sutton, American college basketball coach
1937 - Valentina Eiduka, Latvian javelin thrower and coach
1940 – Al Jarreau, American singer (d. 2017)
1940 – M. A. Numminen, Finnish singer and writer
1942 - Jimmy Wynn, American baseball player
1943 - Ratko Mladic, Serbian military commander, currently on trial for war crimes
1946 – Liza Minnelli, American singer and actress
1946 – Frank Welker, American actor
1947 – Mitt Romney, American politician, former Governor of Massachusetts and Presidential candidate
1947 – Peter Harry Carstensen, German politician, former Prime Minister of Schleswig-Holstein
1948 – James Taylor, American musician
1948 - Kent Conrad, American politician
1948 - Roger Mullin, Scottish politician
1948 - Virginia Bottomley, Scottish politician
1949 - David Mellor, English journalist, lawyer and politician
1950 – Javier Clemente, Spanish football manager
1951 1975
1952 - Jon Provost, American actor
1952 – Yasuhiko Okudera, Japanese footballer
1953 – Carl Hiaasen, American journalist and writer
1953 – Madhav Kumar Nepal, Nepalese politician
1953 - Ron Jeremy, American actor
1954 - Anish Kapoor, Indian-British sculptor and artist
1956 – Pim Verbeek, Dutch football manager
1956 - Steve Harrison, British musician (Iron Maiden)
1957 - Jerry Levine, American actor and director
1957 – Patrick Battiston, French footballer
1957 – Marlon Jackson, American singer and musician
1958 - Alan Sneddon, Scottish footballer
1959 - Mark Easton, Scottish journalist
1962 – Andreas Köpke, German footballer
1962 – Darryl Strawberry, American baseball player
1963 – Ian Holloway, English footballer and manager
1963 - Joaquim Cruz, Brazilian runner
1963 - Princess Farahnaz Pahlavi of Iran
1965 - Coleen Nolan, British singer (The Nolans)
1967 - Massimiliano Frezzato, Italian author
1968 - Tammy Duckworth, United States Senator for Illinois
1968 – Aaron Eckhart, American actor
1969 - Graham Coxon, British musician (Blur)
1970 - Karen Bradley, British politician
1971 - Andy Nicol, Scottish rugby player
1971 - Isaiah Rider, American basketball player
1972 – Hector Luis Bustamente, Colombian actor
1975 - Sigmundur David Gunnlaugsson, Prime Minister of Iceland
1975 - Kéllé Bryan, English singer
From 1976
1976 - Zhao Wei, Chinese actress
1979 – Pete Doherty, English musician
1979 – Shaun Rodgers, American football player
1980 - Douglas Murray, Canadian ice hockey player
1980 - Ruth Hunt, Welsh activist
1981 - Kristjan Makke, Estonian basketball player
1981 - Peter Waterfield, English diver
1982 - Hisato Sato, Japanese footballer
1982 - Yuto Sato, Japanese footballer
1982 – Tobias Schweinsteiger, German footballer
1983 - Mikko Koivu, Finnish ice hockey player
1984 - Jaimie Alexander, American actress
1985 - Stromae, Belgian singer, rapper and producer
1985 – Bradley Wright-Phillips, English footballer
1986 – Danny Jones, English singer (McFly)
1987 - Jessica Hardy, American swimmer
1987 - Teimour Radjabov, Azerbaijani chess player
1987 - Rico Vonck, Dutch darts player
1990 - Lawrence Clarke, English athlete
1991 - Felix Kroos, German footballer
1992 - Scott Robinson, Scottish footballer
1994 - Christina Grimmie, American pianist and singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
1994 - Tyler Patrick Jones, American actor
1994 - Katie Archibald, Scottish track cyclist
1995 - Kanon Fukuda, Japanese singer and voice actress
1999 - Sakura Oda, Japanese singer
Deaths
Up to 1900
417 - Pope Innocent I
604 - Pope Gregory I
1289 - King Demetre II of Georgia (b. 1259)
1316 - King Stephen Dragutin of Serbia (b. 1253)
1374 - Emperor Go-Kogon of Japan (b. 1336)
1447 - Shah Rukh, ruler of Persia and Transoxonia (b. 1377)
1507 - Cesare Borgia, Italian general and statesman (b. 1475)
1628 - John Bull, English composer (b. 1562)
1648 – Tirso de Molina, Spanish dramatist and poet (b. 1571)
1699 - Peder Griffenfeld, Danish statesman (b. 1635)
1820 - Alexander Mackenzie, Scottish explorer (b. 1764)
1832 – Friedrich Kuhlau, German composer (b. 1786)
1872 – Zeng Guofan, Chinese politician and general (b. 1811)
1894 - Ilarion Pryanishnikov, Russian painter (b. 1840)
1898 – Zacharias Topelius, Finnish-Swedish writer (b. 1818)
1899 - Julius Vogel, Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1835)
1901 2000
1914 - George Westinghouse, American entrepreneur and engineer (b. 1846)
1916 – Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach, Austrian writer (b. 1830)
1925 – Sun Yat-sen, Chinese revolutionary and politician (b. 1866)
1929 - Asa Griggs Candler, American businessman (b. 1851)
1932 - Ivar Kreuger, Swedish businessman (b. 1880)
1935 - Mihajlo Idvorski Pupin, Serbian-American physicist and chemist (b. 1858)
1937 - Charles-Marie Widor, French organist and composer (b. 1844)
1942 - Robert Bosch, German industrialist (b. 1861)
1943 – Gustav Vigeland, Norwegian sculptor (b. 1869)
1946 - Ferenc Szalasi, Hungarian politician (b. 1897)
1947 - Winston Churchill, American novelist (b. 1871)
1955 – Charlie Parker, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1920)
1963 - Arthur Grimsdell, English footballer and cricketer (b. 1894)
1978 - John Cazale, American actor (b. 1935)
1985 - Eugene Ormandy, Hungarian conductor (b. 1899)
1991 – Ragnar Granit, Finnish neuroscientist (b. 1900)
1991 – William Heinesen, Faroese writer, poet and artist (b. 1900)
1991 - LeRoy Collins, Governor of Florida (b. 1909)
1992 - Heinz Kühn, German politician (b. 1912)
1995 - Juanin Clay, American actress (b. 1949)
1998 – Judge Dread, English musician (b. 1945)
1999 – Yehudi Menuhin, American-born violinist (b. 1916)
From 2001
2001 – Robert Ludlum, American writer (b. 1927)
2002 – Spyros Kyprianou, Cypriot politician (b. 1932)
2003 – Zoran Djindjic, President of Serbia and Montenegro (b. 1952)
2003 - Lynne Thigpen, American actress (b. 1948)
2006 - Victor Sokolov, Russian dissident, journalist and priest (b. 1947)
2008 – Lazare Ponticelli, Italian-French supercentenarian and World War I veteran (b. 1897)
2010 – Miguel Delibes, Spanish writer (b. 1920)
2013 - Clive Burr, British musician (Iron Maiden) (b. 1957)
2014 - Vera Chytilova, Czech movie director (b. 1929)
2014 - José Policarpo, Portuguese cardinal (b. 1936)
2014 - Richard Coogan, American actor (b. 1914)
2014 - Ola L. Mize, American colonel (b. 1931)
2014 - Jackie Gaughan, American casino owner and gambler (b. 1920)
2014 - Jean Vallée, Belgian songwriter (b. 1941)
2014 - David Sive, American environmental lawyer (b. 1922)
2014 - Paul C. Donnelly, American aerospace pioneer (b. 1923)
2014 - Kjell Nupen, Norwegian artist (b. 1955)
2015 - Terry Pratchett, English writer (b. 1948)
2015 - Michael Graves, American architect (b. 1934)
2015 - Ada Jafri, Pakistani poet (b. 1924)
2016 - Rafiq Azad, Bangladeshi poet (b. 1941)
2016 - Lloyd Shapley, American economist (b. 1923)
2016 - Erik Duval, Belgian computer scientist (b. 1965)
2017 - Murray Ball, New Zealand cartoonist (b. 1939)
2017 - Horst Ehmke, German politician (b. 1927)
2017 - Probyn Inniss, Saint Kitts and Nevis lawyer (b. 1936)
2017 - Ray Hassall, English politician (b. 1943)
2018 - Nokie Edwards, American musician and actor (b. 1935)
2018 - Rudolf Mang, German weightlifter (b. 1950)
2018 - Oleg Tabakov, Russian actor (b. 1935)
2018 - Henry Minarik, American football player (b. 1927)
2019 - Eurico Miranda, Brazilian football chairman and politician (b. 1944)
Observances
National Day of Mauritius
Youth Day (Zambia)
Arbor Day (China and Taiwan)
Aztec New Year
Days of the year |
9873 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/March%2011 | March 11 |
Events
Up to 1900
222 - Roman Emperor Elagabalus and his mother, Julia Soaemias are murdered by the Praetorian Guard.
1513 – Leo X is elected Pope.
1649 – The Frondeurs (rebels) and the French government sign the Peace of Rueil.
1702 – The first regular English-language newspaper, The Daily Courant, is published in London.
1708 – Queen Anne withholds Royal Assent from a militia Bill, the last time a British monarch vetoes legislation.
1770 - James Cook reaches the Solander Islands off southern New Zealand.
1784 - The signing of the Treaty of Mangalore brings the Second Anglo-Mysore War to an end.
1824 – The United States War Department creates the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
1845 – The Flagstaff War: In New Zealand, Chiefs Hone Heke and Kawiti lead 700 Maoris to chop down the British flagpole and drive settlers out of the British colonial settlement of Kororareka because of breaches of the 1840 Treaty of Waitangi.
1851 - The opera Rigoletto by Giuseppe Verdi is performed for the first time, in Venice.
1861 – American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
1864 – The Great Sheffield Flood: The largest man-made disaster ever to befall England kills over 250 people in Sheffield.
1867 - The opera Don Carlos by Giuseppe Verdi is performed for the first time, in Paris.
1872 - Meiji Japan officially annexes the Ryukyu Kingdom into what would become the Okinawa Prefecture.
1888 – The Great Blizzard of '88 begins along the eastern seaboard of the United States, shutting down commerce and killing more than 400.
1897 – A meteorite enters the earth's atmosphere and explodes over New Martinsville, West Virginia. The debris causes damage but no human injuries are reported.
1900 – Second Boer War: Boer leader Paul Kruger's peace overtures are rejected by Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Lord Salisbury.
1901 2000
1917 – Baghdad falls to the Anglo-Indian forces commanded by General Maude.
1918 - The first case of Spanish flu
1927 – In New York City, Samuel Roxy Rothafel opens the Roxy Theatre.
1936 – British Prime Minister pardons five convicted Irish militants who promise to join growing conflict with Germany.
1941 – World War II: President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act into law, allowing American-built war supplies to be shipped to the Allies on loan.
1942 – World War II: General Douglas MacArthur abandons Corregidor.
1945 - The Empire of Vietnam, a brief puppet state, led by Bao Dai, is declared.
1951 - The first Asian Games end in New Delhi.
1959 – In Cannes, France, Teddy Scholten wins the fourth Eurovision Song Contest for the Netherlands singing "Een beetje" (A little bit).
1966 – President Sukarno of Indonesia was forced to give up his executive power.
1966 – A fire at two ski resorts in Numata, Japan kills 31 people.
1977 – 130+ hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims were set free after ambassadors from three Islamic nations joined negotiations.
1978 – Nine Palestinian Al Fatah guerillas hijack a bus in Israel, killing 34 civilians and wounding 70 before being killed by security forces. The Israelis retaliate by invading southern Lebanon three days later, under codename Operation Litani.
1983 – Bob Hawke becomes 23rd Prime Minister of Australia.
1985 – Mikhail Gorbachev becomes Soviet leader.
1988 – Iran-Iraq War: ceasefire declared.
1989 – The television show COPS premieres.
1990 – Lithuania declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.
1990 – Patricio Aylwin is sworn-in as the first democratically elected Chilean President since 1970.
1991 – A curfew is imposed on black townships in South Africa after fighting between rival political gangs kills 49.
1993 – Janet Reno is confirmed by the United States Senate and sworn-in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.
1996 – John Howard comes to power as the twenty-fifth Prime Minister of Australia.
1997 – An explosion at a nuclear waste reprocessing plant in Japan exposes 35 workers to low-level radioactive contamination in the worst nuclear accident in Japan's history.
1999 – Infosys becomes the first Indian company listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
From 2001
2003 – The International Criminal Court is founded in The Hague.
2004 – Simultaneous explosions on rush hour trains in Madrid kill 191 people.
2005 – Judge Rowland Barnes, court reporter Julie Brandau and deputy Hoyt Teasley are all murdered in the Fulton County Courthouse in Atlanta, Georgia; the main suspect being Brian Nichols who surrendered to police on the 12th.
2006 – Former Yugoslavian President Slobodan Milosevic dies while on trial for war crimes in The Hague.
2006 – Michelle Bachelet becomes the first female President of Chile.
2009 – 17 people are killed in a shooting in Winnenden, Germany.
2010 - Sebastian Pinera becomes President of Chile.
2011 – 2011 Sendai earthquake and tsunami: A powerful magnitude 9.1 earthquake strikes off the east coast of Honshu, Japan, killing more than 5,000 people and leaving many more missing, destroying buildings, as tsunamis are triggered. The quake also leads to a nuclear accident, the Fukushima nuclear disaster, causing concern about radiation levels.
2012 - A US soldier kills 16 civilians in Panjwayi District, Afghanistan.
2014 - Michelle Bachelet becomes President of Chile for a second time, having previously held this office from 2006 to 2010.
2017 - Twin bombings in Damascus kill 74 people and injure at least 120.
2018 - The Congress of the Communist Party of China votes to extend Xi Jinping's term as President beyond the previous maximum 10-year limit.
2018 - Sebastian Pinera becomes President of Chile for a second time., having previously held this office from 2010 to 2014.
Births
Up to 1900
1444 – Torquato Tasso, Italian poet (d. 1495)
1683 - Caroline of Ansbach (d. 1737)
1726 – Vasily Chichagov, Russian admiral and polar explorer (d. 1809)
1738 - Benjamin Tupper, American Continental Army officer (d. 1792)
1745 – Bodawpaya, King of Burma (d. 1819)
1787 – Ivan Nabokov, Russian general (d. 1852)
1811 – Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1877)
1818 - Marius Petipa, French-Russian ballet dancer, choreographer and teacher (d. 1910)
1819 – Henry Tate, British sugar merchant and philanthropist (d. 1899)
1822 - Joseph Louis François Bertrand, French mathematician (d. 1900)
1838 – Okuma Shigenobu, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1922)
1847 – Sidney Sonnino, Italian politician (d. 1922)
1868 – Matti Kekki, Finnish politician (d. 1933)
1870 - Louis Bachelier, French mathematician (d. 1946)
1872 - Siegfried Flesch, Austrian fencer (d. 1939)
1872 - Kathleen Clarice Groom, Australian-English author and screenwriter (d. 1954)
1876 - Carl Ruggles, American composer (d. 1971)
1878 - Umegatani Totaro II, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1927)
1884 - Lewi Pethrus, Swedish politician (d. 1974)
1885 – Malcolm Campbell, English racing driver (d. 1948)
1887 – Raoul Walsh, American director (d. 1980)
1890 – Vannevar Bush, American engineer and politician (d. 1974)
1891 – Gertrud Wolle, German actress (d. 1952)
1894 – Otto Grotewohl, German politician (d. 1964)
1895 - Shemp Howard, American comedian (d. 1955)
1897 - Henry Cowell, American composer and impresario (d. 1965)
1898 – Dorothy Gish, American actress (d. 1968)
1899 - John Campbell Ross, Australian supercentenarian (d. 2009)
1899 – King Frederick IX of Denmark (d. 1972)
1901 1950
1903 – Ronald Syme, New Zealand historian (d. 1989)
1903 - James Franklin Hyde, American chemist and inventor (d. 1991)
1903 – Lawrence Welk, American musician (d. 1992)
1904 - Harold F. Cherniss, American historian of ancient philosophy (d. 1987)
1908 - Matti Sippala, Finnish javelin thrower (d. 1997)
1910 - Robert Havemann, German chemist (d. 1982)
1910 – Jacinta Marto, Portuguese religious figure (d. 1920)
1911 - Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1st Baronet, Scottish soldier, writer and politician (d. 1996)
1912 – Paul Janes, German footballer (d. 1987)
1913 - Wolf-Dietrich Wilcke, German pilot (d. 1944)
1914 - William Lloyd Webber, English composer (d. 1982)
1915 – Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d. 2004)
1915 - Hans Peter Keller, German writer (d. 1988)
1916 – Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
1920 - Nicolaas Bloembergen, Dutch physicist (d. 2017)
1920 – Kenneth Dover, British classicist (d. 2010)
1922 – Abdul Razak Hussein, Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1976)
1922 - Cornelius Castoriadis, Greek-French political philosopher (d. 1997)
1923 – Agatha Barbara, President of Malta (d. 2002)
1923 - Louise Brough, American tennis player (d. 2014)
1924 - Franco Basaglia, Italian psychiatrist (d. 1980)
1925 - Rodney Wilkes, Trinidadian weightlifter (d. 2014)
1926 – Ralph Abernathy, American Civil rights campaigner (d. 1990)
1927 - Robert Mosbacher, American politician (d. 2010)
1927 – Joachim Fuchsberger, German actor and entertainer (d. 2014)
1927 - Josep Maria Subirachs, Catalan sculptor and painter (d. 2014)
1927 - Freda Meissner-Blau, German-Austrian politician (d. 2015)
1928 - Albert Salmi, American actor (d. 1990)
1929 - Timothy Carey, American actor (d. 1994)
1931 – Janosch, Silesian writer and illustrator
1931 - Marisa Del Frate, Italian actress (d. 2015)
1931 – Rupert Murdoch, Australian-American media tycoon
1932 – Nigel Lawson, British politician
1932 – Leroy Jenkins, American composer (d. 2007)
1933 – Jesus Gil y Gil, Spanish politician and businessman (d. 2004)
1933 - Sandra Milo, Italian actress
1934 - Sam Donaldson, American journalist
1935 - Nancy Kovack, American actress
1935 - Peter Walsh, Australian politician (d. 2015)
1936 - Harald zur Hausen, German physician and Nobel Prize winner
1936 – Antonin Scalia, American Supreme Court Justice (d. 2016)
1940 - Alberto Cortez, Argentine singer and songwriter (d. 2019)
1942 - Joel Steiger, American writer and producer
1942 - Marcus Borg, American scholar, theologian and author (d. 2015)
1943 - Arturo Merzario, Italian racing driver
1945 - Harvey Mandel, American musician
1945 - Tricia O'Neil, American actress
1945 - Pirri, Spanish footballer
1946 - Mark Metcalf, American actor
1947 - Alan Yentob, English television presenter
1948 - Roy Barnes, American politician, 80th Governor of Georgia
1950 - Bobby McFerrin, American singer-songwriter, producer and conductor
1950 – Jerry Zucker, American director and screenwriter
1951 1975
1951 - Dominique Sanda, French actress and model
1952 – Douglas Adams, English writer (d. 2001)
1952 - Ricardo Martinelli, former President of Panama
1954 - Gale Norton, American politician, 48th United States Secretary of the Interior
1955 – Nina Hagen, German singer
1956 - Helen Rollason, English sports journalist and television presenter (d. 1999)
1956 - Curtis Brown, American astronaut
1956 - Rob Paulsen, American actor
1958 - Eddie Lawson, American motorcycle racer
1958 - Tetsuro Oda, Japanese singer, songwriter and record producer
1958 – Anissa Jones, American actress (d. 1976)
1959 - Manuel Negrete Arias, Mexican footballer
1959 - Dejan Stojanovic, Serbian-American writer
1959 - Nina Hartley, American pornographic actress
1959 - Martin Loeb, French actor
1960 - Robert Glenister, English actor
1962 - Matt Mead, 32nd Governor of Wyoming
1963 - Alex Kingston, British actress
1963 – David LaChapelle, American photographer and director
1964 - Emma Chambers, British actress (d. 2018)
1964 – Leena Lehtolainen, Finnish writer
1964 - Peter Berg, American director, actor and producer
1964 – Vinnie Paul, American guitarist (d. 2018)
1965 – Nigel Adkins, English football manager
1965 – Jesse Jackson, Jr., American politician
1965 - Wallace Langham, American actor
1965 - Laurence Llewelyn-Bowen, English interior designer
1965 - Jenny Packham, English fashion designer
1965 - Michelle Thomson, Scottish politician
1967 – John Barrowman, Scottish-American actor, singer and dancer
1968 – Lisa Loeb, American singer-songwriter
1969 - Soraya, Colombian-American musician (d. 2006)
1969 - Terrence Howard, American actor
1971 - Johnny Knoxville, American comedian
1971 - Martin Rucinsky, Czech ice hockey player
1973 – Martin Hiden, Austrian footballer
1974 - Bobby Abreu, Venezuelan baseball player
1975 - Eric Lynch, American actor and radio personality (d. 2014)
From 1976
1976 – Thomas Gravesen, Danish footballer
1977 - Becky Hammon, American basketball player
1978 – Didier Drogba, Ivorian footballer
1978 – Albert Luque, Spanish footballer
1979 – Benji Madden, American singer (Good Charlotte)
1979 – Joel Madden, American guitarist (Good Charlotte)
1979 - Elton Brand, American basketball player
1980 – Paul Scharner, Austrian footballer
1981 - Matthias Schweighöfer, German actor
1981 - Luke Johnson, British musician
1981 - Russell Lissack, British musician (Bloc Party)
1981 – LeToya Luckett, American singer
1982 – Thora Birch, American actress
1984 – Anna Tsuchiya, Japanese model, actress and singer
1984 - Tom James, Welsh rower
1985 - Sonia Radeva, Bulgarian figure skater
1986 - Dario Cologna, Swiss skier
1986 - Mariko Shinoda, Japanese singer and actress (AKB48)
1988 - Fabio Coentrao, Portuguese footballer
1989 - Zaven Andriasian, Armenian chess player
1989 - Shin Soohyun, South Korean singer (U-KISS)
1989 - Anton Yelchin, Russian-American actor (d. 2016)
1991 – Lin Lin, Chinese-born Japanese singer
1991 - Poonam Pandey, Indian actress and model
1991 – Jack Rodwell, English footballer
1992 - Sacha Parkinson, English actress
1993 - Jodie Comer, English actress
1993 - Anthony Davis, American basketball player
1994 - Andrew Robertson, Scottish footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
1425 BC – Thutmose III, Egyptian Pharaoh
222 – Elagabalus, Roman Emperor
222 – Julia Soaemias, mother of Elagabalus (b. 180)
638 - Sophronius, Patriarch of Jerusalem (b. 560)
859 - Eulogius of Cordoba, Spanish martyr
928 - Tomislav of Croatia
1198 - Marie of France, Queen of France (b. 1145)
1486 - Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg (b. 1414)
1514 – Donato Bramante, Italian architect (b. 1444)
1759 - John Forbes, English general (b. 1710)
1801 – Tsar Paul I of Russia (b. 1754)
1820 - Benjamin West, English-American painter (b. 1738)
1847 – Johnny Appleseed, American pioneer agronomist (b. 1774)
1851 - George McDuffie, 55th Governor of South Carolina (b. 1790)
1869 - Vladimir Oboevsky, Russian philosopher (b. 1803)
1870 – Moshoeshoe I of Lesotho
1874 – Charles Sumner, American politician (b. 1811)
1892 - Archibald Scott Couper, Scottish chemist (b. 1831)
1898 - Dikran Tchouhadjian, Armenian composer and conductor (b. 1837)
1901 2000
1907 - Jean Casimir-Perier, 6th President of France (b. 1847)
1908 – Benjamin Waugh, American activist (b. 1811)
1920 - Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian astronomer, mathematician and engineer (b. 1865)
1929 - Joseph Toole, American politician, 1st Governor of Montana (b. 1851)
1931 – Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau, German movie director (b. 1888)
1933 – Matti Kekki, Finnish politician (b. 1868)
1937 - Joseph S. Cullinan, American businessman (b. 1860)
1949 - Anastasios Charalambis, Greek politician (b. 1862)
1949 - Henri Giraud, French general (b. 1879)
1950 - Heinrich Mann, German writer (b. 1871)
1952 – Pierre Renoir, French actor and director (b. 1885)
1955 – Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1881)
1955 - Oscar F. Mayer, German-American businessman (b. 1859)
1957 – Richard E. Byrd, American naval officer and explorer (b. 1888)
1958 – Ole Kirk Christiansen, Danish inventor (Lego) (b. 1891)
1958 - John J. Dempsey, 13th Governor of New Mexico (b. 1879)
1969 – John Wyndham, English writer (b. 1903)
1971 – Philo T. Farnsworth, American inventor (b. 1906)
1978 - Claude François, French singer (b. 1939)
1978 - Sofia Vembo, Greek singer and actress (b. 1910)
1980 - Chandra Bhanu Gupta, Indian politician, 4th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (b. 1902)
1982 - Horace Gregory, American poet (b. 1898)
1985 - Tom Adams, Prime Minister of Barbados (b. 1931)
1989 - John J. McCloy, American lawyer and banker (b. 1895)
1992 - Richard Brooks, American movie director (b. 1912)
1995 - Myfanwy Talog, Welsh actress (b. 1945)
From 2001
2002 – Rudolf Hell, German inventor (b. 1901)
2002 - Marion Dönhoff, German publicist (b. 1909)
2002 – James Tobin, American economist, Nobel laureate (b. 1918)
2003 - Ivar Hansen, Danish politician (b. 1938)
2006 – Slobodan Milošević, President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia (b. 1941)
2007 – Betty Hutton, American actress (b. 1921)
2011 – Hugh Martin, American songwriter (b. 1914)
2013 - Tony Gubba, British journalist (b. 1943)
2014 - Bob Crow, British trade union leader (b. 1961)
2014 - Marga Spiegel, German author (b. 1912)
2015 - Jimmy Greenspoon, American musician (b. 1948)
2015 - Martin H:son Holmdahl, Swedish academic (b. 1923)
2015 - Walter Burkert, German philologist (b. 1931)
2016 - Doreen Massey, British geographer (b. 1944)
2016 - Louis Meyers, American festival organiser (b. 1955)
2016 - Lawrence Van Gelder, American news columnist (b. 1933)
2017 - Kitty Courbois, Dutch actress (b. 1937)
2017 - Mohamed Mijarul Quayes, Bangladeshi diplomat (b. 1960)
2017 - Paul Mitchell, American football player (b. 1920)
2018 - Ken Dodd, English comedian and singer-songwriter (b. 1927)
2018 - Siegfried Rauch, German actor (b. 1932)
2018 - Karl Lehmann, German cardinal (b. 1936)
2018 - Mary Rosenblum, American author and pilot (b. 1952)
2019 - Hal Blaine, American drummer (b. 1929)
2019 - Coutinho, Brazilian footballer (b. 1943)
Observances
Re-establishment of Independence (Lithuania)
Moshoeshoe Day (Lesotho)
Johnny Appleseed Day (United States)
Days of the year |
9874 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%203 | April 3 |
Events
Up to 1900
257 BC – A solar eclipse is seen over southern Gaul and Tuscany.
33 – Crucifixion of Jesus (traditional date)
1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England.
1559 – The Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis treaty is signed, ending the Italian Wars.
1764 - Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned Roman-German King in Frankfurt.
1834 – The Generals in the Greek War of Independence stand trial for treason.
1860 – The first successful Pony Express run from Saint Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California is started (completed on April 13).
1865 – American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the break-away Confederate States of America.
1881 - The Greek island of Chios is hit by a major earthquake. People do not return to the island until 1911.
1882 - American Old West: Outlaw Jesse James is killed by Robert Ford.
1884 - Belgian passenger ship Daniel Steinmann sinks in a storm of Halifax, Nova Scotia, killing 121 people.
1885 – Gottlieb Daimler is granted a German patent for his engine design.
1895 - The trial in the libel case brought by Oscar Wilde begins. It eventually leads to imprisonment on charges of homosexuality.
1896 - La Gazzetta dello Sport first goes on sale in Italy. It is the world's oldest sports paper.
1901 2000
1905 – Boca Juniors football club is founded in Buenos Aires.
1922 – Joseph Stalin succeeds Vladimir Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union.
1926 - Honduras introduces the Lempira as its currency.
1933 - The first flight over Mount Everest occurs, as part of a British expedition led by Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton, and funded by Lucy, Lady Houston.
1941 – Hungarian and German troops march into Yugoslavia.
1942 – World War II: Japanese forces begin an all-out assault on the United States and Filipino troops on the Bataan Peninsula. Bataan fell on April 9 and the Bataan Death March began.
1944 - A mine explosion in Heessen, Westphalia, Germany, kills 169 miners.
1946 – Japanese Lt. General Masaharu Homma is executed outside Manila in the Philippines for leading the Bataan Death March.
1948 – President Harry Truman signs the Marshall Plan which authorizes $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.
1948 - In Jeju, South Korea, a civil war-like period of violence and human rights abuses begins.
1954 - Oxford University wins the 100th Oxford-Cambridge Boat Race.
1956 - A deadly Force 5 tornado hits the western half of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan.
1961 - Leadbeater's Possum is re-discovered in Australia, after 72 years.
1968 – Elvis Presley sings Heartbreak Hotel on the Milton Berle Show with an estimated 25% of the United States population viewing.
1968 – Martin Luther King, Jr. delivers his "mountaintop" speech.
1973 – The first ever Mobile phone call is placed by Martin Cooper, in New York City
1974 – The Super Outbreak occurred. 148 tornadoes affected 13 states and 1 Canadian province in 18 hours. It was the biggest tornado outbreak in the planet's recorded history. 315 people die, nearly 5,500 are injured.
1975 - Bobby Fischer refuses to play a chess match against Anatoly Karpov, who wins the world championship by default as a result.
1979 - Spain holds its first local elections since the death of Francisco Franco.
1981 - Osborne 1, the first-ever portable computer, is unveiled in San Francisco.
1984 - Lansana Conté comes to power in Guinea through a military coup.
1986 – IBM unveils the PC Convertible, their first laptop computer.
1991 - Miguel Trovoada becomes President of São Tomé and Príncipe.
1992 – Albania's last Communist leader Ramiz Alia resigns.
1996 – Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski is arrested at his Montana cabin.
1997 – Thalit massacre begins in Algeria; all but 1 of the 53 people living in Thalit are killed by guerrillas.
2000 – Microsoft is ruled to have violated United States antitrust laws by keeping "an oppressive thumb" on its competitors.
From 2001
2004 – Islamist terrorists blow themselves up in Madrid, after a shootout with police.
2007 – A new speed record is set by a TGV train on the LGV Est high speed line in France.
2008 – ATA Airlines files for bankruptcy.
2010 – South African far-right politician Eugene Terre'Blanche is beaten to death on his farm near the town of Ventersdorp.
2013 - Over 50 people are killed in floods in Buenos Aires and La Plata in Argentina.
2016 - Panama Papers: A leak of 11 million legal documents related to the firm Mossack Fonseca in Panama reveals information on 214,488 offshore companies, involving many rich and famous people, including political leaders, businessmen and celebrities.
2017 - 2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing: A bomb is detonated in the subway system in Saint Petersburg, Russia, killing 14 people.
2018 - YouTube headquarters shooting: Nasim Najafi Aghdam injures several people at the headquarters of YouTube in San Bruno, California, before turning the gun on herself.
Births
Up to 1900
1151 - Igor Svyatoslavich, Kievan Rus Prince (d. 1202)
1245 – King Philip III of France (d. 1285)
1367 – King Henry IV of England (d. 1413)
1529 – Michael Neander, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1581)
1593 - George Herbert, Welsh-born English poet (d. 1633)
1639 – Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (d. 1682)
1643 - Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1690)
1683 – Mark Catesby, English naturalist (d. 1749)
1715 - William Watson, English physician and scientist (d. 1787)
1764 - John Abernethy, English surgeon (d. 1831)
1769 - Christian Gunther von Bernstorff, Danish-Prussian statesman and diplomat (d. 1835)
1770 - Theodoros Kolokstronis, Greek general (d. 1843)
1781 - Swaminarayan, Indian religious leader (d. 1830)
1783 – Washington Irving, American writer (d. 1859)
1798 – Charles Wilkes, American navy officer and polar explorer (d. 1877)
1806 – Ivan Kireevsky, Russian literary critic and philosopher (d. 1856)
1807 - Jane Digby, English aristocrat and adventuress (d. 1881)
1814 – Lorenzo Snow, American Mormon leader (d. 1901)
1822 - Edward Everett Hale, American writer (d. 1909)
1823 - William M. Tweed, American politician (d. 1878)
1843 – Knut Ekvall, Swedish artist (d. 1912)
1848 - Arturo Prat, Chilean lawyer and naval officer (d. 1879)
1861 - Frederik van Eeden, Dutch writer and psychiatrist (d. 1932)
1863 - Henry van de Velde, Belgian architect and designer (d. 1957)
1876 - Margaret Anglin, Canadian Broadway actress (d. 1958)
1876 - Celso Constantini, Italian cardinal (d. 1958)
1880 - Jorge Brown, Argentine footballer and cricketer (d. 1936)
1880 – Otto Weininger, Austrian philosopher (d. 1903)
1881 – Alcide De Gasperi, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1954)
1882 - Philippe Desranleau, Canadian archbishop (d. 1952)
1883 - Ikki Kita, Japanese philosopher and author (d. 1937)
1885 - Bud Fisher, American cartoonist (d. 1954)
1885 - Allan Dwan, American director, producer and screenwriter (d. 1981)
1887 - Otori Tanigoro, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1956)
1889 - Grigoras Dinicu, Romanian composer and violinist (d. 1949)
1893 - Leslie Howard, British actor (d. 1943)
1895 – Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Italian composer (d. 1968)
1898 – Henry Luce, American publisher (d. 1967)
1898 - George Jessel, American actor, singer and producer (d. 1981)
1899 – David Jack, English footballer (d. 1958)
1899 - Maria Redaelli, Italian supercentenarian (d. 2013)
1900 - Camille Chamoun, President of Lebanon (d. 1987)
1901 1950
1903 - Lili Kraus, Hungarian-American pianist (d. 1986)
1904 - Sally Rand, American Burlesque dancer (d. 1979)
1905 - Robert Sink, American military officer (d. 1965)
1907 - Iron Eyes Cody, American actor (d. 1999)
1911 – Stanislawa Walasiewicz, Polish athlete (d. 1980)
1912 - Grigoris Lambrakis, Greek politician, physician and athlete (d. 1963)
1913 – Per Borten, Prime Minister of Norway (d. 2005)
1915 – Piet de Jong, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 2016)
1918 - Mary Anderson, American actress (d. 2014)
1919 - Ervin Drake, American songwriter and composer (d. 2015)
1920 – Stan Freeman, American composer and lyricist (d. 2001)
1920 – John Demjanjuk, Ukrainian convicted Nazi war criminal (d. 2012)
1920 - Yoshibayama Junnosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1977)
1922 - Doris Day, American actress (d. 2019)
1922 - José Hierro, Spanish poet (d. 2002)
1922 - Carlo Lizzani, Italian movie director, screenwriter and actor (d. 2013)
1924 – Marlon Brando, American actor (d. 2004)
1925 – Tony Benn, British politician (d. 2014)
1926 – Gus Grissom, American astronaut (d. 1967)
1926 - Timothy Bateson, English actor (d. 2009)
1928 - Earl Lloyd, American basketball player (d. 2015)
1928 - Cheikh Hamidou Kane, Senegalese writer
1929 - Miyoshi Umeki, Japanese actress (d. 2007)
1929 - Poul Schlüter, former Prime Minister of Denmark
1930 – Helmut Kohl, former Chancellor of Germany (d. 2017)
1930 - Lawton Chiles, 41st Governor of Florida (d. 1998)
1930 - Mario Menéndez, Argentine general and politician (d. 2015)
1933 - Bob Dornan, American politician
1933 - Fu Da-ren, Taiwanese sports broadcaster and assisted suicide activist (d. 2018)
1934 – Jane Goodall, English zoologist
1935 - Salvatore Senese, Italian magistrate and politician (d. 2019)
1936 – Reginald Hill, English crime fiction writer (d. 2012)
1936 - Harold Vick, American jazz saxophonist and flautist (d. 1987)
1942 - Wayne Newton, American singer and actor
1942 - Billy Joe Royal, American singer (d. 2015)
1942 - Marsha Mason, American actress
1943 - Mario Lavista, Mexican composer
1943 - Jonathan Lynn, English actor, director and screenwriter
1945 - Bernie Parent, Canadian ice hockey player
1945 - Catherine Spaak, French actress
1946 - Dee Murphy, English musician (d. 1992)
1946 - Marisa Paredes, Spanish actress
1946 - Hanna Suchocka, 5th Prime Minister of Poland
1948 – Carlos Salinas de Gortari, former President of Mexico
1948 – Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, Dutch politician and former NATO Secretary-General
1948 - Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck, German footballer
1949 – Daniel Catan, Mexican composer (d. 2011)
1949 - A. C. Grayling, British philosopher
1950 - Sally Thomsett, English actress
1951 1975
1953 - Wakanohana Kanji II, Japanese sumo wrestler
1956 - Miguel Bosé, Spanish singer and actor
1957 - Yves Chaland, French cartoonist (d. 1990)
1958 - Francesca Woodman, American photographer (d. 1981)
1958 – Alec Baldwin, American actor
1959 – David Hyde Pierce, American actor
1960 - Elizabeth Gracen, American actress and model
1960 - Arjen Anthony Lucassen, Dutch singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer
1961 – Eddie Murphy, American actor and comedian
1962 – Jennifer Rubin, American actress
1964 – Bjarne Riis, Danish cyclist
1964 – Andy Robinson, English rugby player and coach
1964 - Nigel Farage, English politician, former leader of UKIP
1965 - Katsumi Oenoki, Japanese footballer
1966 – Mina Tominaga, Japanese voice actress
1966 - Michael Mittermeier, German comedian
1968 – Sebastian Bach, Canadian singer
1968 - Charlotte Coleman, English actress (d. 2001)
1968 - Jamie Hewlett, English comic creator
1970 - Donald-Olivier Sié, Ivorian footballer
1971 - Robert da Silva Almeida, Brazilian footballer
1971 – Vitalijs Astafjevs, Latvian footballer
1971 - Picabo Street, American skier
1972 – Kenny Logan, Scottish rugby player
1972 - Lola Pagnani, Italian movie actress
1972 - Jennie Garth, American actress
1972 - Leigh-Allyn Baker, American actress
1972 - Catherine McCormack, English actress
1973 - Prabhu Deva, Indian dancer, choreographer, movie director and actor
1973 – Jamie Bamber, English actor
1975 - Shawn Bates, American ice hockey player
From 1976
1976 – Drew Shirley, American musician
1976 – Will Mellor, English actor
1978 – Matthew Goode, English actor
1978 – Tommy Haas, German tennis player
1978 – John Smit, South African rugby player
1980 – Suella Braverman, English politician
1981 – Aaron Bertram, American trumpeter (Suburban Legends)
1982 – Cobie Smulders, Canadian actress
1983 – Ben Foster, English footballer
1985 – Leona Lewis, English singer
1986 – Amanda Bynes, American actress
1986 – Coleen Rooney, English celebrity
1987 – Park Jung-min, South Korean singer, dancer and actor
1987 – Martyn Rooney, English sprinter
1988 – Tim Krul, Dutch footballer
1989 – Israel Folau, Australian rugby player
1990 – Sotiris Ninis, Greek footballer
1990 – Karim Ansarifard, Iranian footballer
1991 – Hayley Kiyoko, American singer, dancer and actress
1992 – Simone Benedetti, Italian footballer
1992 – Yuliya Yefimova, Russian swimmer
1992 – Juan Cazares, Ecuadorean footballer
1993 – Pape Moussa Konaté, Senegalese footballer
1994 – Dylann Roof, American murderer, perpetrator of the Charleston church shooting
1995 – William de Asevedo Furtado, Brazilian footballer
1997 – Gabriel Jesus, Brazilian footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
963 – William III, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 915)
1203 - Arthur I, Duke of Brittany (b. 1196)
1287 - Pope Honorius IV (b. 1240)
1350 - Eudes IV, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1295)
1617 – John Napier, Scottish mathematician (b. 1550)
1680 - Shivaji, Indian founder of the Maratha Empire (b. 1608)
1682 – Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, Spanish painter (b. 1618)
1691 - Jean Petitot, French-Swiss painter (b. 1608)
1717 - Jacques Ozanam, French mathematician (b. 1640)
1849 – Juliusz Slowacki, Polish poet (b. 1809)
1857 - Federico de Roncali, 1st Count of Alcoy, Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1809)
1868 – Franz Berwald, Swedish composer and inventor (b. 1796)
1882 – Jesse James, American outlaw (b. 1847)
1897 – Johannes Brahms, German composer (b. 1833)
1901 2000
1901 - Richard D'Oyly Carte, British talent agent, impresario, composer and hotelier (b. 1844)
1936 – Bruno Hauptmann, German, convicted for the murder of Charles Lindbergh III (b. 1899)
1941 – Pal Teleki, Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1879)
1941 - Tachiyama Mineemon, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1877)
1943 - Conrad Veidt, German-American actor (b. 1893)
1950 – Kurt Weill, German composer (b. 1900)
1950 - Carter G. Woodson, American historian, writer and journalist (b. 1875)
1952 – Miina Sillanpaa, Finnish politician (b. 1866)
1954 - Aristides de Sousa Mendes, Portuguese diplomat (b. 1885)
1975 - Mary Ure, Scottish actress (b. 1933)
1978 - Ray Noble, English bandleader, actor and composer (b. 1903)
1982 - Warren Oates, American actor (b. 1928)
1986 – Peter Pears, English tenor (b. 1910)
1990 – Sarah Vaughan, American jazz singer and pianist (b. 1924)
1991 – Graham Greene, English writer (b. 1904)
1994 – Frank Wells, American businessman, President of the Walt Disney Company (b. 1932)
1996 - Ron Brown, American politician (b. 1941)
1999 – Lionel Bart, English composer (b. 1930)
From 2001
2003 – Edwin Starr, American singer (b. 1942)
2004 - Gabriella Ferri, Italian singer (b. 1942)
2007 – Nina Wang, Asia's richest woman (b. 1937)
2008 – Hrvoje Custic, Croatian footballer (b. 1983)
2010 – Eugene Terre'Blanche, South African far-right politician (b. 1941)
2012 - Xenia Stade-de Jong, Dutch athlete (b. 1922)
2013 - Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, German-born novelist, short story writer and screenwriter (b. 1927)
2014 - Régine Deforges, French author, playwright and director (b. 1935)
2014 - Fred Kida, American illustrator (b. 1920)
2014 - Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith, American guitarist, fiddler and composer (b. 1921)
2014 - Paul Salamunovich, American choral director and movie scorer (b. 1927)
2014 - Virginie Korte-van Hemel, Dutch politician (b. 1929)
2014 - Edvard Grimstad, Norwegian politician (b. 1933)
2014 - Tommy Lynn Sells, American serial killer (b. 1964)
2015 - Nigel Boocock, British speedway rider (b. 1937)
2015 - Shmuel Wosner, Austrian-Israeli rabbi (b. 1913)
2015 - Sarah Brady, American gun control campaigner (b. 1942)
2015 - Kayahan, Turkish pop singer (b. 1949)
2015 - Robert Rietti, British-Italian actor (b. 1923)
2015 - Vivian Nathan, American actress (b. 1916)
2015 - Bob Burns, American drummer (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (b. 1950)
2016 - Cesare Maldini, Italian footballer and manager (b. 1932)
2016 - Joe Medicine Crow, American historian (b. 1913)
2016 - Lars Gustafsson, Swedish writer (b. 1936)
2016 - Martin Lampkin, British motorcycle rider (b. 1950)
2016 - Lola Novakovic, Serbian singer (b. 1935)
2016 - Erik Bauersfeld, American radio dramatist and voice actor (b. 1922)
2016 - Don Francks, Canadian jazz singer and actor (b. 1932)
2016 - Rowley Habib, New Zealand writer (b. 1933)
2016 - Clarence Clifton Young, American politician (b. 1922)
2016 - Jules Schelvis, Dutch historian and Holocaust survivor (b. 1921)
2017 - John Chrispinsson, Swedish journalist (b. 1956)
2017 - Akbarzhan Jalilov, Kyrgyz-born Russian terrorist (b. 1995)
2017 - Roy Sievers, American baseball player (b. 1926)
2017 - Michel Arrivé, French linguist and novelist (b. 1936)
2017 - Stella Turk, British zoologist, naturalist and conservationist (b. 1925)
2018 - Lill-Babs, Swedish singer (b. 1938)
2018 - Nasim Najafi Aghdam, Iranian-American animal rights and internet personality (b. 1979)
2018 - Arrigo Petacco, Italian journalist and writer (b. 1929)
2018 - Jacques Tixier, French archaeologist and prehistorian
2019 - Maurice Pon, French lyricist (b. 1921)
2019 - Aleksey Buldakov, Russian actor (b. 1951)
2019 - Gabriel Piroird, French bishop (b. 1932)
2019 - Carmelita Pope, American actress (b. 1924)
April 03 |
9876 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%206 | April 6 |
Events
Up to 1900
648 BC – Earliest solar eclipse recorded by the Ancient Greeks.
46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipo and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) in the Battle of Thapsus.
402 – Stilicho stymies the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia.
1199 - Richard I of England dies from an infection following the removal of an arrow from his shoulder. His brother, John of England, succeeds him.
1250 - Seventh Crusade: Ayyubids in Egypt capture King Louis IX of France in the Battle of Fariskur.
1320 – The Scots reaffirm their independence by signing the Declaration of Arbroath.
1327 – The poet Petrarch first saw his idealized love Laura in the church of Saint Claire in Avignon.
1385 - John I of Portugal becomes King.
1453 - Mehmed II begins his Siege of Constantinople.
1580 - Areas around the English Channel experience once of their strongest earthquakes, at an estimated magnitude of over 5. It affects Southeastern England, Northern France and present-day Belgium.
1652 – Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck establishes a resupply camp at the Cape of Good Hope, which will eventually develop into Cape Town.
1667 – Dubrovnik is destroyed by an earthquake, killing 5,000 people.
1782 – Rama I succeeds King Taksin of Thailand, who was overthrown in a coup d'état.
1793 - During the French Revolution, the Committee of Public Safety becomes the executive organ of the republic.
1808 – John Jacob Astor incorporates the American Fur Company.
1812 - British forces under command of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington assault the fortress at Badajoz, near the Spain-Portugal border, marking a turning point in the Peninsular War against Napoleon Bonaparte-led France.
1814 - Napoleon Bonaparte is exiled to the Italian island of Elba.
1815 - Geneva becomes the 22nd canton of Switzerland.
1830 – The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is formed by Joseph Smith, Jr. at Fayette, New York.
1832 – Indian Wars: Black Hawk War begins - The Sauk warrior Black Hawk enters into war with the United States.
1841 – John Tyler is inaugurated as the 10th President of the United States.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Shiloh begins - In Tennessee, forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant meet Confederate troops led by General Albert Sidney Johnston at Shiloh.
1865 – American Civil War: Battle of Sayler's Creek - Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia fights its last major battle while in retreat from Richmond, Virginia.
1869 – Celluloid is patented.
1886 – Vancouver, British Columbia is incorporated as a city.
1893 - Salt Lake Temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints is dedicated by Wilford Woodruff.
1895 – Oscar Wilde is arrested after losing a libel case against the John Sholto Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry.
1896 – In Athens, the opening of the first modern Olympic Games after 1,500 years after being banned by Roman Emperor Theodosius I.
1901 2000
1903 – The Kishinev pogrom in Kishinev (Bessarabia) began, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Israel and the west.
1909 – Robert Peary allegedly reaches the North Pole.
1911 – Dedë Gjon Luli Dedvukaj, Leader of the Malësori Albanians raises the Albanian flag in the town of Tuzi, Montenegro for the first time after Gjergj Kastrioti (Skenderbeg).
1917 – World War I: United States declares war on Germany
1919 - Mahatma Gandhi orders a general strike in India.
1924 - The first round-the-world flight begins.
1926 – Walter Varney Airlines makes first commercial flight from Pasco, Washington, to Elko, Nevada. Varney is the root company of United Airlines.
1930 – Gandhi raised a lump of mud and salt (some say just a pinch, some say just a grain) and declared, "With this, I am shaking the foundations of the British Empire." Thus he started Salt Satyagraha.
1930 – Hostess Twinkies are invented.
1930 – Will Rogers starts broadcasting The Will Rogers Program on radio.
1931 – Little Orphan Annie debuts on the Blue Network of NBC.
1936 – Tupelo-Gainesville Outbreak: Another tornado from the same storm system as the Tupelo tornado hits Gainesville, Georgia, killing 203.
1941 – World War II: Operation Castigo begins - Germany invades Kingdom of Yugoslavia and Greece.
1945 - World War II: Yugoslavian Partisans liberate Sarajevo from German and Croatian forces.
1947 - The first Tony Awards are presented for achievement in theatre.
1965 – Early Bird, the first communications satellite to be placed in synchronous orbit, is launched.
1968 – In London, United Kingdom, Massiel wins the thirteenth Eurovision Song Contest for Spain singing "La, la, la."
1970 – Four California Highway Patrol officers die in one of the worst cop killings in the CHP's history; this is known as the Newhall Incident.
1972 – Vietnam War: Easter Offensive - The first day of clear weather in three days allows American forces to start sustained air strikes and naval bombardments.
1973 – Launch of Pioneer 11 spacecraft.
1974 – The California Jam Rock concert begins.
1974 – In Brighton, United Kingdom, ABBA wins the nineteenth Eurovision Song Contest for Sweden singing "Waterloo."
1984 – Members of Cameroon's Republican Guard from country's northern region attack various government buildings in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the government headed by Paul Biya.
1987 – Sugar Ray Leonard takes the middleweight boxing title from Marvin Hagler.
1993 – Russian nuclear accident at Tomsk 7.
1994 – The Rwandan Genocide begins when the aircraft carrying Rwandan president Juvénal Habyarimana and Burundian president Cyprien Ntaryamira is shot down, responsibility is disputed.
1998 – Pakistan tests medium-range missiles capable of hitting India.
1998 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 49.82 to close at 9,033.23 - its first-ever close above 9,000.
From 2001
2001 – Miller Park opens in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
2004 – Rolandas Paksas becomes the first President of Lithuania to be peacefully removed from the post by impeachment.
2005 – Rainier III, Prince of Monaco dies, at the age of 81 years. His son succeeds him as Albert II, Prince of Monaco.
2005 – Jalal Talabani becomes President of Iraq.
2006 - Boni Yayi becomes President of Benin.
2009 – A magnitude 6 earthquake strikes near L'Aquila in central Italy, killing around 300 people, mainly as a result of collapsing buildings.
2011 - In San Fernando, Tamaulipas, Mexico, over 300 bodies are exhumed from several mass graves made by Los Zetas.
2012 - Rebel groups declare an independent state called Azawad in northern Mali, which is not internationally recognized as independent.
2016 - Emmanuel Macron starts his bid to become President of France.
2018 - South Korea's former President Park Geun-hye is sentenced to 24 years in prison on corruption charges.
2018 - A bus carrying the Humboldt Broncos junior ice hockey team crashes en route to a match in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, killing 14 people.
Births
Up to 1900
1483 – Raphael, Italian painter (d. 1520)
1632 – Maria Leopoldine of Austria (d. 1649)
1660 - Johann Kuhnau, German composer, organist and harpsichordist (d. 1722)
1664 – Arvid Horn, Swedish politician (d. 1742)
1671 – Jean-Baptiste Rousseau, French poet (d. 1741)
1706 - Louis de Cahusac, French playwright (d. 1759)
1725 - Pascuale Paoli, Corsican patriot and military leader (d. 1807)
1726 - Gerard Majella, Italian saint (d. 1755)
1732 - José Celestino Mutis, Spanish priest, botanist and mathematician (d. 1808)
1741 - Nicolas Chamfort, French writer (d. 1794)
1765 - Charles Felix of Sardinia (d. 1831)
1773 – James Mill, Scottish philosopher and historian (d. 1836)
1801 - William Hallowes Miller, Welsh mineralogist (d. 1880)
1802 - Thomas Walker Gilmer, Governor of Virginia (d. 1844)
1812 - Alexander Herzen, Russian philosopher and writer (d. 1870)
1815 – Robert Volkmann, German composer (d. 1883)
1818 - Aasmund Olavsson Vinje, Norwegian poet (d. 1870)
1820 - Nadar, French photographer (d. 1910)
1823 - Joseph Metill, American publisher and politician (d. 1899)
1824 - George Marsden Waterhouse, Premier of South Australia and 7th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1906)
1826 - Gustave Moreau, French painter (d. 1898)
1839 – Antonio Starabba, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1908)
1841 - Karl Binding, German jurist (d. 1920)
1849 - John William Waterhouse, British painter (d. 1917)
1851 - Guillaume Bigourdan, French astronomer (d. 1932)
1857 - Arthur Wesley Dow, American painter (d. 1922)
1860 - René Lalique, French glass designer (d. 1945)
1861 - Stanislas de Guaita, French poet (d. 1897)
1864 - William Bate Hardy, English biochemist (d. 1934)
1866 - Felix-Raymond-Marie Rouleau, Canadian cardinal (d. 1931)
1869 – Levon Shant, Armenian playwright, novelist and poet (d. 1951)
1878 - Erich Mühsam, German writer (d. 1934)
1881 - Karl Staaf, Swedish athlete (d. 1953)
1884 – Walter Huston, Canadian-born actor (d. 1950)
1886 - Patriarch Athenagoras I of Constantinople (d. 1972)
1888 - Hans Richter, Swiss painter, movie maker and graphic artist (d. 1976)
1890 - Anthony Fokker, Dutch aviation pioneer and aircraft manufacturer (d. 1939)
1892 - Donald Wills Douglas, Sr., American aviation industrialist (d. 1981)
1892 - Lowell Thomas, American writer (d. 1981)
1893 - Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia (d. 1917)
1894 – Gertrude Baines, American supercentenarian (d. 2009)
1898 - Jeanne Hebuterne, French artist (d. 1920)
1901 1950
1903 - Mickey Cochrane, American baseball player (d. 1962)
1903 - Harold Eugene Edgerton, American engineer (d. 1990)
1904 – Kurt Georg Kiesinger, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1988)
1910 - Barys Kit, Belarussian-American rocket scientist (d. 2018)
1911 – Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen, German biochemist (d. 1979)
1915 – Tadeusz Kantor, Polish theatre director (d. 1990)
1917 - Leonora Carrington, British-Mexican painter and writer (d. 2011)
1918 - Alfredo Ovando Candia, President of Bolivia (d. 1982)
1918 – Big Walter Horton, American blues musician (d. 1981)
1920 – Edmond H. Fischer, Swiss-American biochemist
1920 - Jack Cover, American inventor of the taser gun (d. 2009)
1921 - Heinrich Schmid, Swiss linguist (d. 1999)
1925 – Helga Deen, victim of the Holocaust (d. 1943)
1926 - Sergio Franchi, Italian singer and actor (d. 1990)
1926 - Gil Kane, Latvian-born cartoonist (d. 2000)
1926 – Ian Paisley, Northern Irish minister and politician (d. 2014)
1926 - Alexander Butterfield, American political figure
1927 - Gerry Mulligan, American saxophonist, clarinetist, composer and arranger (d. 1996)
1928 – James D. Watson, American geneticist
1929 – André Previn, German-born American musician (d. 2019)
1931 - Baba Ram Dass, American Hindu teacher
1931 - Suchitra Sen, Indian actress (d. 2014)
1933 - Eduardo Malapit, American politician (d. 2007)
1934 – Anton Geesink, Dutch judoka (d. 2010)
1934 - Mario Merola, Italian singer
1937 – Merle Haggard, American musician (d. 2016)
1937 – Billy Dee Williams, American actor
1937 - Terrence Hardiman, English actor
1937 - Peter Maivia, American Samoan professional wrestler (d. 1982)
1938 - Paul Daniels, English magician (d. 2016)
1938 - Roy Thinnes, American actor
1939 - André Ouellet, French-Canadian politician
1939 - John Sculley, American businessman
1940 - Pedro Armendariz, Jr., American actor (d. 2011)
1941 - Phil Austin, American comedian and writer (d. 2014)
1942 – Barry Levinson, American director
1943 - Max Clifford, English journalist and publicist
1944 – Felicity Palmer, English soprano
1944 - Anita Pallenberg, Italian-English model, actress and fashion designer (d. 2017)
1944 - Charles Sobhraj, Vietnamese-Indian serial killer
1947 – John Ratzenberger, American actor
1947 - Mike Warboys, English mathematician
1949 - Patrick Hernandez, French singer and songwriter
1949 – Horst Ludwig Stoermer, German physicist
1950 - Christer Sjögren, Swedish singer
1951 1975
1951 - Jean-Marc Boivin, French skier, mountaineer and pilot (d. 1990)
1952 – Michel Larocque, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1992)
1952 - Marilu Henner, American actress
1952 - Udo Dirkschneider, German musician
1953 - Christopher Franke, German-American drummer and songwriter
1955 - Blind Mississippi Morris, American blues musician
1955 - Keith Hunter Jesperson, Canadian-American serial killer
1956 - Michele Bachmann, American politician
1957 - Paolo Nespoli, Italian astronaut
1957 - Maurizio Damilano, Italian athlete
1960 - Warren Haynes, American musician
1961 – Rory Bremner, British comedian
1963 – Rafael Correa, former President of Ecuador
1964 – David Woodard, American writer and conductor
1965 – Amedeo Carboni, Italian footballer
1965 - Black Francis, American singer-songwriter
1967 – Mika Koivuniemi, Finnish ten-pin bowler
1967 - Tanya Byron, English psychologist
1967 - Julian Anderson, English composer and educator
1969 – Paul Rudd, American actor
1969 - Louie Spence, British dancer and choreographer
1969 - Bison Dele, American basketball player (d. 2002)
1970 - Huang Xiaomin, Chinese swimmer
1971 – Martin Hansson, Swedish football referee
1972 - Anders Thomas Jensen, Danish screenwriter and movie director
1973 – Rie Miyazawa, Japanese actress
1974 – Robert Kovac, Croatian footballer
1974 - Camilla Dallerup, Danish-British dancer
1974 - Gina Yashere, British comedienne
1975 – Zach Braff, American actor
From 1976
1976 – Candace Cameron, American actress
1976 - James Fox, Welsh singer-songwriter and actor
1976 - Georg Hólm, Icelandic musician
1978 - Igor Semshov, Russian footballer
1978 – Myleene Klass, English singer
1981 – Robert Earnshaw, Welsh footballer
1982 – Herculez Gomez, American soccer player
1982 - Alana Austin, American actress
1982 - Miguel Angel Silvestre, Spanish actor
1982 - Bret Harrison, American actor
1983 – Mitsuru Nagata, Japanese footballer
1983 - Remi Nicole, English singer, songwriter and actor
1983 - Katie Weatherston, Canadian ice hockey player
1983 - Bobbi Starr, American pornographic actress
1984 - Siboniso Gaxa, South African footballer
1985 - Al Mukadam, Canadian actor, director and producer
1985 - Sinqua Walls, American basketball player and coach
1986 – Ryota Moriwaki, Japanese footballer
1987 - Robin Haase, Dutch tennis player
1988 – Fabrice Muamba, English-Congolese footballer
1990 - Charlie McDermott, American actor
1991 - Alexandra Popp, German footballer
1995 - Ryutaro Morimoto, Japanese actor and singer
1998 - Peyton List, American actress
1998 - Spencer List, American actor
1999 - Kwesi Boakye, American actor
2000 - CJ Adams, American actor
Deaths
Up to 1900
885 - Saint Methodius (b. 815)
1147 - Frederick II, Duke of Swabia (b. 1090)
1199 – King Richard I of England (b. 1157)
1490 - Matthias Corvinus of Hungary (b. 1443)
1520 – Raphael, Italian painter (b. 1483)
1528 - Albrecht Dürer, German artist (b. 1471)
1551 - Joachim Vadian, Swiss humanist (b. 1484)
1782 – Taksin, King of Siam (b. 1734)
1790 - Louis IX, Margrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (b. 1719)
1825 – Vladimir Borovikovsky, Russian painter (b. 1757)
1829 – Niels Henrik Abel, Norwegian mathematician (b. 1802)
1838 - Jose Bonifacio de Andrade e Silva, Brazilian statesman and geologist (b. 1763)
1860 - James Kirke Paulding, American writer and politician (b. 1778)
1865 - Antonio Pinto Soares, Costa Rican politician (b. 1780)
1883 - Benjamin Wright Raymond, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1801)
1886 - William Edward Foster, English industrialist, philanthropist and politician (b. 1818)
1899 - Alvan Wentworth Chapman, American physician and botanist (b. 1809)
1901 2000
1906 – Alexander Kielland, Norwegian writer (b. 1845)
1917 - Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia (b. 1893)
1933 - Elizabeth Bacon Custer, American writer and widow of George Armstrong Custer (b. 1842)
1950 - Louis Wilkins, American athlete (b. 1882)
1953 - Idris Davies, Welsh poet (b. 1905)
1961 – Jules Bordet, Belgian doctor, won the 1919 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1870)
1963 - Otto Struve, Russian astronomer (b. 1897)
1970 - Maurice Stokes, American basketball player (b. 1933)
1971 – Igor Stravinsky, Russian composer (b. 1882)
1972 – Heinrich Lübke, second President of the Federal Republic of Germany (b. 1894)
1974 - Hudson Fysh, Australian pilot and businessman (b. 1895)
1992 – Isaac Asimov, Russian-born writer (b. 1920)
1994 – Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (b. 1937)
1994 – Cyprien Ntaryamira, President of Burundi (b. 1956)
1996 – Greer Garson, British actress (b. 1904)
1998 – Tammy Wynette, American singer (b. 1942)
1998 - Wendy O. Williams, American singer (b. 1949)
2000 – Habib Bourguiba, 1st President of Tunisia (b. 1903)
From 2001
2001 - Charles Pettigrew, American singer (b. 1963)
2003 - Gerald Emmett Carter, Canadian cardinal (b. 1912)
2004 – Victor Argo, American movie actor (b. 1934)
2005 – Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (b. 1923)
2006 - Francis L. Kellogg, American diplomat (b. 1917)
2007 – Luigi Comencini, Italian movie director (b. 1916)
2010 – Corin Redgrave, British actor and political activist (b. 1939)
2012 - Fang Lizhi, Chinese activist (b. 1936)
2012 - Thomas Kinkade, American painter (b. 1958)
2013 - Hilda Bynoe, 2nd Governor of Grenada (b. 1921)
2013 - Bigas Luna, Spanish director and screenwriter (b. 1946)
2013 - Miguel Poblet, Spanish cyclist (b. 1928)
2014 - Mary Anderson, American actress (b. 1918)
2014 - Massimo Tamburini, Italian motorcycle designer (b. 1943)
2014 - Chuck Stone, American navigator (b. 1924)
2014 - Liv Dommersnes, Norwegian actress (b. 1922)
2014 - Mickey Rooney, American actor (b. 1920)
2015 - Gertrude Weaver, American supercentenarian (b. 1898)
2015 - Dave Ulliott, English poker player (b. 1954)
2015 - Dollard St. Laurent, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)
2015 - James Best, American actor (b. 1926)
2015 - Romualdas Ozolas, Lithuanian politician (b. 1939)
2015 - Giovanni Berlinguer, Italian politician (b. 1924)
2015 - Ray Charles, American musician (b. 1918)
2015 - Ben Powers, American actor (b. 1950)
2015 - Hardijs Baumanis, Latvian diplomat (b. 1967)
2015 - John Papit, American football player (b. 1928)
2016 - Merle Haggard, American musician (b. 1937)
2016 - Darrell Hogan, American football player (b. 1926)
2017 - Bob Cerv, American baseball player (b. 1925)
2017 - Armand Gatti, Monegasque-French playwright, filmmaker and journalist (b. 1924)
2017 - David Peel, American musician and political activist (b. 1943)
2017 - Don Rickles, American actor and comedian (b. 1926)
2017 - Jerzy Vetulani, Polish neuroscientist (b. 1936)
2018 - Daniel Akaka, American politician, United States Senator for Hawaii (b. 1924)
2018 - Daniel Chavarria, Uruguayan-Cuban author (b. 1933)
2018 - Jacques Higelin, French singer (b. 1940)
2018 - Donald McKayle, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1930)
2018 - Henryk Skolimowski, Polish philosopher (b. 1930)
2019 - Jim Glaser, American country music singer (b. 1936)
2019 - Fritz Hollings, American politician, United States Senator and 106th Governor of South Carolina (b. 1922)
2019 - Lloyd McDermott, Australian rugby union player and barrister (b. 1939)
2019 - David J. Thouless, Scottish physicist (b. 1934)
2020 - Al Kaline, American baseball player (b. 1934)
Observances
Tartan Day (Canada and United States)
Chakri Day (Thailand)
April 06 |
9877 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%209 | April 9 |
Events
Up to 1900
193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum.
1241 - Battle of Liegnitz: Mongol Empire forces defeat the German and Polish armies.
1388 - Despite being outnumbered 16 to 1, forces of the Old Swiss Confederacy are victorious over the Archduchy of Austria in the Battle of Nafels.
1413 - King Henry V of England is crowned.
1440 - Christopher of Bavaria is appointed King of Denmark.
1454 - The Treaty of Lodi is signed, establishing a balance of power among the northern Italian city states for almost 50 years.
1511 - Saint John's College, Cambridge, receives its charter.
1609 - Eighty Years' War: Spain and the Dutch Republic sign the Treaty of Antwerp.
1682 - Robert Cavelier de La Salle discovers the mouth of the Mississippi River.
1860 - On his phonautograph machine, Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest-known recording of an audible human voice.
1865 – The American Civil War ends, as Confederate general Robert E. Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia.
1867 – By a single vote, the United States Senate approves the treaty with Russia for the purchase of Russian America, present-day Alaska.
1901 2000
1914 - Mexican Revolution: One of the world's first naval/air skirmishes takes place off the coast of western Mexico.
1916 – World War I: Battle of Verdun - German forces launch their third offensive of the battle.
1917 - World War I: Battle of Arras - The battle begins when Canadian corps execute a massive assault on the Vimy Ridge.
1918 - The National Council of Bessarabia, in present-day Moldova, proclaims a union with Romania.
1939 – Marian Anderson sings at the Lincoln Memorial, after being denied the right to sing at Constitution Hall.
1940 – World War II: The Nazis invade Denmark and Norway.
1940 - World War II: Vidkun Quisling seizes power in Norway.
1942 - World War II: Bataan Death March - US forces surrender on the Bataan Peninsula.
1945 – World War II: The Battle of Königsberg, in East Prussia, ends.
1945 - The United States Atomic Energy Commission is formed.
1947 - The Glazier-Higgins-Woodward tornadoes kill 181 people in Texas, Oklahoma and Kansas.
1948 - President of Colombia Jorge Eliecer Gaitan is assassinated.
1948 - Fighters from the Irgun and Lehi Zionist paramilitary groups attack the Arab village of Deir Yassin near Jerusalem, killing over 100 people.
1952 - Hugo Gallivan's government is overthrown by the Bolivian National Revolution.
1957 – The Suez Canal opens to shipping.
1959 - Project Mercury: NASA announces the selection of the first seven US astronauts.
1961 - The Pacific Electric Railway in Los Angeles ends operations.
1963 – Winston Churchill becomes an honorary US citizen, becoming the first non-American to be given this honour.
1965 - The first indoor game of baseball is played.
1967 – The Boeing 737 makes its first flight.
1969 - The "Chicago Eight" plead not guilty to federal charges of conspiracy to incite a riot at the 1968 Democratic National Convention.
1975 - The first game of the Philippine Basketball Association is played.
1981 - United States Navy nuclear submarine USS George Washington (SSBN-598) accidentally collides with Nissho Maru, a Japanese cargo ship, sinking it.
1989 – April 9 tragedy: In Tbilisi, in the then-Soviet Republic of Georgia, a peaceful pro-independence demonstration is broken up by the Soviet army, killing 20 people, and injuring hundreds.
1991 – The Republic of Georgia, under Zviad Gamsakhurdia, declares independence from the Soviet Union.
1992 – The British Conservative Party under John Major, wins a fourth term in office in the United Kingdom, defeating Neil Kinnock of the Labour Party. Kinnock resigns shortly after.
1992 - A US Federal Court finds Panama's former military leader Manuel Noriega guilty of drug and racketeering offences.
1999 – Niger's President Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara is overthrown, and killed at Niamey airport.
From 2001
2003 – Baghdad falls to US forces, as Saddam Hussein's regime crumbles, while a statue of him is torn down in the centre of the city.
2005 – Charles, Prince of Wales marries Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall. Their wedding had been postponed from the previous day, for the funeral of Pope John Paul II.
2009 – In Tbilisi, 60,000 people gather to protest against the Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili.
2011 – Seven people, including the gunman, are killed in a shooting at a mall, in Alphen an den Rijn, in the Netherlands.
2013 - Thirteen people are shot dead in a shooting rampage in a village south of Belgrade, Serbia.
2013 - Uhuru Kenyatta is formally sworn in as President of Kenya.
2017 - 2017 Palm Sunday church bombings occur in Tanta and Alexandria, Egypt, killing 45 people.
2019 - An election is held for the Israeli Knesset, with Prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu looking for a record fifth term in office.
Births
Up to 1900
1283 – Margaret, Maid of Norway (d. 1290)
1336 – Tamerlane, also known as Timur, Turkic conqueror, in Transoxiana (d. 1405)
1498 - Jean, Cardinal of Lorraine (d. 1550)
1597 - John Davenport, English clergyman (d. 1670)
1686 - James Craggs the Younger, British politician (d. 1721)
1770 - Thomas Johann Seebeck, German physicist (d. 1831)
1773 – Étienne Aignan, translator, political writer, librettist, playwright, member of the Académie française (d. 1824)
1794 – Theobald Boehm, inventor of the modern flute.
1802 – Elias Lönnrot, Finnish physician and writer (d. 1884)
1806 – Isambard Kingdom Brunel, British engineer (d. 1859)
1816 - Charles-Eugene Delaunay, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1872)
1817 - Alexander Thomson, Scottish architect (d. 1895)
1821 – Charles Baudelaire, French poet (d. 1867)
1830 – Eadweard Muybridge, English photographer, movie pioneer (d. 1904)
1834 - Edmond Laguerre, French mathematician (d. 1886)
1835 – King Leopold II of Belgium (d. 1909)
1846 - Paolo Tosti, Italian composer (d. 1916)
1848 – Helene Lange, German teacher (d. 1930)
1865 – Charles Proteus Steinmetz, German-born engineer and mathematician (d. 1923)
1865 - Adela Florence Nicolson, English poet (d. 1904)
1865 – Erich Ludendorff, German general in World War I (d. 1937)
1867 – Chris Watson, third Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1941)
1867 - Charles Winckler, Danish tug of war competitor (d. 1932)
1869 - Élie Cartan, French mathematician (d. 1951)
1872 – Léon Blum, Prime Minister of France (d. 1950)
1880 - Jan Letzel, Czech architect (d. 1925)
1882 - Frederick Francis IV, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (d. 1945)
1883 - Frank King, American cartoonist (d. 1969)
1888 – Sol Hurok, American impresario (d. 1974)
1889 – Efrem Zimbalist, Russian violinist (d. 1985)
1893 - Charles E. Burchfield, American painter (d. 1967)
1893 - Rahul Sankrityanan, Indian travel writer and scholar (d. 1962)
1895 - Michel Simon, French actor (d. 1975)
1897 – John B. Gambling, radio talk-show host (d. 1974)
1897 - Fred G. Aandahl, 23rd Governor of North Dakota (d. 1966)
1898 – Paul Robeson, American singer and political activist (d. 1976)
1898 – Curly Lambeau, American football coach, executive (d. 1965)
1901 1950
1902 - Theodore Monod, French naturalist, explorer and scholar (d. 2000)
1903 – Ward Bond, actor (d. 1960)
1904 – Sharkey Bonano, jazz musician (d. 1972)
1905 – J. William Fulbright, former Senator from Arkansas (d. 1995)
1906 - Hugh Gaitskell, British politician (d. 1963)
1906 - Rafaela Aparicio, Spanish actress (d. 1996)
1906 – Antal Dorati, Hungarian conductor (d. 1988)
1908 – Victor Vasarely, painter (d. 1997)
1910 – Abraham Ribicoff, American politician (d. 1998)
1912 – Lev Kopelev, Russian writer and humanist (d. 1997)
1914 - Koichi Oita, Japanese footballer (d. 1996)
1915 - Daniel Johnson, Sr., Canadian politician, 20th Premier of Quebec (d. 1968)
1917 – Brad Dexter, American actor (d. 2002)
1917 - Johannes Bobrowski, German poet (d. 1965)
1917 - Rolf Kauka, German comics creator and publisher (d. 2000)
1918 – Jørn Utzon, Danish architect (d. 2008)
1919 – J. Presper Eckert, inventor of the ENIAC computer (d. 1995)
1920 - Jorge Pacheco Areco, President of Uruguay (d. 1998)
1921 - Yitzhak Navon, 5th President of Israel (d. 2015)
1921 - Frankie Thomas, American actor (d. 2006)
1925 – Heinz Nixdorf, industrialist (d. 1985)
1925 - Virginia Gibson, American actress, singer and dancer (d. 2013)
1925 - Art Kane, American photographer (d. 1995)
1926 – Hugh Hefner, American editor and publisher (d. 2017)
1928 – Tom Lehrer, American musician, mathematician and satirist
1928 - Aubrey Woods, American actor and singer (d. 2013)
1929 - Manuel Jiménez de Parga, Spanish politician (d. 2014)
1930 - Wallace McCain, Canadian businessman (d. 2001)
1930 - Alphonse Alley, President of Benin (d. 1987)
1930 - Nathaniel Branden, Canadian-American psychologist (d. 2014)
1931 - Leone Frollo, Italian comic book artist (d. 2018)
1931 - Richard Hatfield, Canadian politician, 26th Premier of New Brunswick (d. 1991)
1932 – Carl Perkins, country and rockabilly musician (d. 1998)
1932 – Jim Fowler, American naturalist
1933 – Jean-Paul Belmondo, French actor
1933 - René Burri, Swiss photographer (d. 2014)
1935 – Avery Schreiber, actor (d. 2002)
1935 – Josef Fritzl, Austrian criminal
1936 - Valerie Solanas, American feminist writer (d. 1988)
1937 - Valerie Singleton, British television presenter
1937 – Marty Krofft, children's television producer
1938 - Aziz Asli, Iranian footballer (d. 2015)
1938 – Viktor Chernomyrdin, Russian politician (d. 2010)
1939 – Michael Learned, American actress
1940 - Jimmy Roberts, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015)
1941 - Hannah Gordon, Scottish actress
1942 – Brandon De Wilde, American actor (d. 1972)
1942 - Petar Nadoveza, Croatian footballer
1945 – Peter Gammons, American baseball sportswriter, journalist
1945 - Steve Gadd, American musician
1946 - Sara Parkin, Scottish activist and politician
1948 - Jaya Bachchan, Indian actress and politician
1948 - Michel Parizeau, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1948 - Patty Pravo, Italian singer
1951 1975
1952 - Jerzy Szmajdzinski, Polish politician (d. 2010)
1953 – Hal Ketchum, American country musician
1954 – Dennis Quaid, actor (The Right Stuff, Any Given Sunday, Traffic)
1954 – Iain Duncan Smith, British politician
1955 - Yanina Benguigui, French director and politician
1956 - Michael Hashim, American saxophonist
1956 - Miguel Angel Russo, Argentine footballer and coach
1956 - Marina Zueva, Russian ice dancer and coach
1957 – Seve Ballesteros, Spanish golfer (d. 2011)
1958 - Nigel Slater, English chef and cookery writer
1959 - Bernard Jenkin, English politician
1962 - Jeff Turner, American basketball player and broadcasting announcer
1963 - Marc Jacobs, American fashion designer
1964 - Doug Ducey, American politician, 23rd Governor of Arizona
1964 - Akihiro Nagashima, Japanese footballer
1965 - Paulina Porizkova, Czech-American actress and model
1965 – Jeff Zucker, American television executive
1965 - Mark Pellegrino, American actor
1966 - John Hammond, English weather presenter
1966 – Cynthia Nixon, American actress
1967 - Sam Harris, American philosopher and writer
1970 - Tricia Penrose, English actress and singer
1971 – Jacques Villeneuve, French-Canadian racing driver
1972 - Alain Berset, Swiss politician
1972 - Neve McIntosh, Scottish actress
1973 - Spencer Rice, Canadian actor, director, producer and screenwriter
1974 – Alexander Pichushkin, Russian serial killer
1974 – Jenna Jameson, American pornographic actress
1975 – Robbie Fowler, English footballer (soccer)
1975 - Balzhinima Tsyrempilov, Russian archer
From 1976
1977 – Gerard Way, American rock band frontman (My Chemical Romance)
1978 – Jorge Andrade, Portuguese footballer
1978 – Rachel Stevens, English singer
1979 – Keshia Knight Pulliam, American actress (Rudy Huxtable, The Cosby Show)
1979 – Mario Matt, Austrian skier
1979 - Albert Hammond, Jr., American guitarist (The Strokes)
1980 – Jerko Leko, Croatian footballer
1980 - Isabelle Severino, French gymnast and actress
1980 - Rachel Specter, American actress
1981 - Ireneusz Jelen, Polish footballer
1981 – Eric Harris, one of the gunmen at Columbine (d. April 20 1999)
1981 - Albin Pelak, Bosnian footballer
1982 - Jay Maruchel, Canadian actor, filmmaker and musician
1985 - Antonio Nocerino, Italian footballer
1985 – Nichole Arsenault, model
1986 - Leighton Meester, American actress
1986 - Brian Larsen, American singer, musician and record producer
1987 – Jesse McCartney, American actor and singer
1990 – Kristen Stewart, American actress
1998 – Elle Fanning, American actress
1999 - Isaac Hempstead Wright, English actor
2000 – Jackie Evancho, American singer
Deaths
Up to 1900
585 - Emperor Jimmu of Japan
93 - Yuan An, Chinese statesman
436 - Tan Daoji, Chinese statesman
491 – Zeno, Byzantine Emperor
654 - Matei Basarab, Romanian prince (b. 1588)
715 – Pope Constantine
1024 – Pope Benedict VIII
1137 – William X, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 1099)
1483 – King Edward IV of England (b. 1442)
1484 – Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales (b. 1473)
1492 - Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian statesman (b. 1449)
1553 – François Rabelais, French writer
1557 – Mikael Agricola, Finnish scholar (b. 1510)
1626 – Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher, statesman, and essayist (b. 1561)
1693 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French writer (b. 1618)
1739 – Nicolas Saunderson, English scientist and mathematician (b. 1682)
1747 – Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat, Scottish clan chief
1754 – Christian Wolff, German philosopher (b. 1679)
1761 – William Law, English minister (b. 1686)
1768 - Sarah Fielding, British writer (b. 1710)
1804 – Jacques Necker, French statesman (b. 1732)
1806 – William V of Orange, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic
1872 - Erastus Corning, American businessman and politician (b. 1794)
1876 - Charles Goodyear, American politician (b. 1804)
1882 - Dante Gabriel Rossetti, English painter, illustrator and poet (b. 1828)
1889 – Michel Eugène Chevreul, French chemist (b. 1786)
1901 2000
1917 – James Hope Moulton, English scholar of Classical Greek (b. 1863)
1936 – Ferdinand Tönnies, German sociologist (b. 1855)
1940 – Mrs. Patrick Campbell, English actress (b. 1865)
1944 – Evgeniya Rudneva, Russian World War II heroine (executed) (b. 1920)
1945 - German resistance activists executed:
Wilhelm Canaris, German admiral (b. 1887)
Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German theologian (executed) (b. 1906)
Hans von Dohnanyi, German jurist (b. 1902)
Georg Elser, German carpenter (b. 1903)
Hans Oster, German army general (b. 1887)
Karl Sack, German jurist (b. 1896)
1948 – Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Colombian politician (b. 1903).
1948 - George Carpenter, 5th General of the Salvation Army (b. 1872)
1959 – Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect (b. 1867)
1961 – King Zog of Albania (b. 1895)
1963 – Eddie Edwards, American jazz trombonist (b. 1891)
1970 - Gustaf Tenggren, Swedish-American illustrator (b. 1896)
1976 – Phil Ochs, American singer (b. 1940)
1980 - Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr, Iraqi cleric and philosopher (b. 1935)
1982 - Wilfrid Pelletier, Canadian conductor (b. 1896)
1988 – Brook Benton, American actor (b. 1931)
1991 – Martin Hannett, record producer (b. 1948)
1996 – Richard Condon, American novelist (b. 1915)
1996 – James W. Rouse, American real estate developer, activist, and philanthropist (b. 1914)
1997 – Laura Nyro, American singer and songwriter (b. 1947)
1999 – Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, Niger politician and general (b. 1949)
From 2001
2001 – Willie Stargell, American baseball player (b. 1940)
2002 – Leopold Vietoris, Austrian mathematician (b. 1891)
2002 - Pat Flaherty, American racing driver (b. 1926)
2004 - Harry Babbitt, American singer (b. 1933)
2005 – Andrea Dworkin, American feminist and writer (b. 1946)
2009 - Nick Adenhart, American baseball player (b. 1986)
2010 – Meinhardt Raabe, American actor (b. 1915)
2011 – Sidney Lumet, American movie director (b. 1924)
2011 – Daniel Catan, Mexican composer (b. 1949)
2013 - Paolo Soleri, Italian-American architect (b. 1919)
2014 - A. N. R. Robinson, 3rd President of Trinidad and Tobago (b. 1926)
2014 - Norman Girvan, Jamaican economist, educator and politician (b. 1941)
2014 - Jos Chabert, Belgian politician (b. 1933)
2015 - Nina Companeez, French movie director and screenwriter (b. 1937)
2015 - Paul Almond, Canadian moviemaker (b. 1931)
2015 - Alexander Dalgarno, British physicist (b. 1928)
2015 - John Toohey, Australian judge (b. 1930)
2016 - Arthur Anderson, American voice actor (b. 1922)
2016 - Duane Clarridge, American spy (b. 1932)
2016 - Tony Conrad, American musician, composer, video artist and professor (b. 1940)
2016 - Juris Ekmanis, Latvian academic (b. 1941)
2016 - Will Smith, American football player (b. 1981)
2017 - Knut Borge, Norwegian journalist (b. 1949)
2017 - Peter Hansen, American actor (b. 1921)
2017 - Harry Huskey, American computer scientist (b. 1916)
2017 - Kim Young-ae, South Korean actress (b. 1951)
2017 - Dieter Kottysch, German boxer (b. 1943)
2017 - John Clarke, New Zealand-Australian novelist, actor, screenwriter, comedian and satirist (b. 1948)
2017 - Carme Chacón, Spanish politician (b. 1971)
2017 - Jean Périmony, French actor and theatre director (b. 1931)
2018 - Felix Chen, Taiwanese conductor (b. 1942)
2018 - Edelgard Huber von Gersdorff, German supercentenarian (b. 1905)
2019 - Richard E. Cole, American Air Force officer (b. 1915)
2019 - Nikolai Gorbachev, Belarussian sprint canoeist (b. 1948)
2019 - Leif Haraldseth, Norwegian trade unionist and politician (b. 1929)
2019 - James D. Hudnall, American comic book writer (b. 1957)
2019 - K. M. Mani, Indian politician (b. 1933)
2019 - Marilynn Smith, American golfer (b. 1929)
2019 - Charles Van Doren, American educator, writer and television quiz show contestant (b. 1926)
2021 - Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, member of the British royal family and consort of Queen Elizabeth II (b.1921)
Observances
Martyrs' Day (Tunisia)
Day of National Unity in Georgia
Day of the Finnish language
Day of Valour (Philippines)
Constitution Day (Kosovo)
Vimy Ridge Day (Canada)
April 09 |
9878 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2025 | April 25 |
Events
Up to 1900
775 - The Battle of Bagrevand ends Armenian rebellion against the Abbasid Caliphate. Muslim control over Transcaucasus is solidified and its Islamization begins.
799 - After mistreatment and disfigurement by the citizens of Rome, Pope Leo III flees to the Frankish court of Charlemagne at Paderborn, present-day Germany, for protection.
1058 - Malcolm III of Scotland becomes King.
1134 – The name Zagreb is first mentioned in the Felician Charter.
1607 – Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar.
1644 – Chongzhen Emperor, the last Chinese Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, commits suicide.
1707 - The Habsburg Army is defeated by the Bourbon Army at Almansa, Spain, in the War of the Spanish Succession.
1792 – La Marseillaise, the current national anthem of France, is composed by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle.
1792 – Highwayman Nicolas J. Pelletier becomes the first person to be executed by guillotine.
1804 - The western Georgian kingdom of Imereti accepts the suzerainty of the Russian Empire.
1829 – Charles Fremantle arrives on the HMS Challenger on the coast of present-day Western Australia, which he colonises as the British Swan River colony.
1846 – Open conflict begins on the disputed border of Texas, beginning the Mexican-American War.
1859 – British and French engineers break ground for the Suez Canal.
1861 – American Civil War: Union troops arrive in Washington, DC.
1862 - American Civil War: Forces under Union admiral David Farragut demand the surrender of the Confederate city of New Orleans, Louisiana.
1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Marks' Mills.
1898 – Spanish-American War: The US declares war on Spain.
1901 2000
1901 – New York becomes the first US State to use automobile license plates.
1915 – World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli in present-day Turkey begins, as Australian, French, British and New Zealand forces land at Anzac Cove and Cape Helles.
1916 – Easter Rebellion: The UK declares martial law in Ireland.
1916 - First observation of ANZAC Day, a year after the landings at Gallipoli.
1920 - At San Remo Conference, the principal Allied powers of World War I adopt a resolution to determine the allocation of Class "A" League of Nations mandates for administration of the former Ottoman Empire-ruled lands of the Middle East.
1945 – World War II: US and Soviet forces meet in Torgau on the River Elbe, a milestone in ending the war in Europe.
1945 – World War II: The Nazi occupation army in Northern Italy surrenders as the Puppet Fascist regime dissolves. Benito Mussolini tries to escape.
1945 – The Lapland War ends.
1945 – Representatives of 50 countries gather in San Francisco, California, to begin UN conferences on International Organisation.
1946 - The Naperville, Illinois train disaster kills 47 people.
1951 - Korean War: Assaulting Chinese forces are forced to withdraw after heavy fighting with UN forces, primarily made of Australian and Canadian troops, in the Battle of Kapyong.
1953 - Francis Crick and James D. Watson publish their paper describing their discovery of the double helix structure of DNA.
1959 – The St. Lawrence River seaway, linking North America's Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean, opens.
1960 - United States Navy submarine USS Triton completes the first submerged circumnavigation (round-the-world journey) of the globe.
1961 – Robert Noyce is granted a patent for the integrated circuit.
1966 – The city of Tashkent in present-day Uzbekistan (then in the Soviet Union) is destroyed in an earthquake.
1967 - The current Flag of Swaziland is introduced.
1974 – Start of the Carnation Revolution in Portugal; A leftist coup ends Fascist rule.
1975 - The Australian Embassy is closed and evacuated as North Vietnamese forces close in on South Vietnamese capital Saigon.
1980 - A Boeing 727 of Dan Air Services crashes on approach to landing on Tenerife, hitting a mountain, killing all 146 people on board.
1981 - More than 100 workers are exposed to radiation during repairs to the nuclear power plant at Tsuruga, Japan.
1982 – Israel completes its withdrawal from the Sinai peninsula.
1983 – American schoolgirl Samantha Smith is invited to visit the Soviet Union by Yuri Andropov after she sent him a letter expressing concern over a possible nuclear war.
1983 – The Pioneer 10 space probe travels beyond Pluto's orbit.
1986 – Mswati III is crowned King of Swaziland.
1990 - Violeta Chamorro becomes President of Nicaragua.
1998 – Danish-born American Christian Mortensen dies aged 115. Until 2012, he held the record of oldest man ever, after the claim of Japanese Shigechiyo Izumi is doubted. His record was surpassed in 2012 by Jiroemon Kimura of Japan.
From 2001
2002 - Mark Shuttleworth of South Africa becomes the first African in space.
2003 – The Human Genome Project comes to an end.
2004 - Heinz Fischer is elected President of Austria.
2005 – The Amagasaki rail crash in Japan kills 107 people.
2005 – After being stolen by the invading Italian army in 1937, the final part of the obelisk of Axum is returned to Ethiopia.
2005 – Bulgaria and Romania sign a treaty allowing them to join the European Union on January 1, 2007.
2007 – The funeral of Boris Yeltsin takes place.
2009 – The Left-Wing parties win Iceland's parliamentary election, confirming Johanna Sigurdardottir as Prime Minister.
2015 - 2015 Nepal earthquake: A magnitude 7.8 earthquake, followed by several aftershocks, strikes Nepal, and is also felt in nearby countries. Over 1,500 people are killed and many buildings destroyed.
2019 - North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and Russian President Vladimir Putin meet for talks in Vladivostok.
Births
Up to 1900
32 – Marcus Salvius Otho, Roman Emperor (died 69)
1214 – King Louis IX of France (died 1270)
1228 – Conrad IV of Germany (died 1254)
1284 – King Edward II of England (died 1327)
1287 – Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March (died 1330)
1529 - Franciscus Patricius, Venetian philosopher (died 1597)
1599 – Oliver Cromwell, English statesman (died 1658)
1608 - Gaston, Duke of Orléans (died 1660)
1621 – Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery, British soldier, statesman, and dramatist (died 1679)
1710 - James Ferguson, Scottish astronomer (died 1776)
1714 - Emer de Vattel, Swiss philosopher and diplomat (died 1767)
1723 - Giovanni Marco Ratini, Italian composer (died 1797)
1767 - Nicolas Oudinot, French marshal (died 1847)
1770 – Georg Sverdrup, Norwegian philologist (died 1850)
1775 – Charlotte of Spain (died 1830)
1776 – Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh (died 1857)
1806 - William, Duke of Brunswick (died 1884)
1811 - William Henry Bissell, Governor of Illinois (died 1860)
1825 - Federico Errázuriz Zañartu, President of Chile (died 1877)
1839 - Roswell K. Colcord, Governor of Nevada (died 1939)
1840 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (died 1893) (O.S.)
1843 – Alice of the United Kingdom (died 1878)
1849 – Felix Klein, German mathematician (died 1925)
1852 - Leopoldo Alas, Spanish novelist (died 1901)
1857 - Giuseppe Gamba, Archbishop of Turin (died 1929)
1862 - Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon, English politician (died 1933)
1873 - Walter de la Mare, English poet, short story writer and novelist (died 1956)
1873 - Félix d'Herelle, French-Canadian microbiologist (died 1949)
1874 – Guglielmo Marconi, Italian inventor, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (died 1937)
1883 - Semyon Budyonny, Soviet marshal (died 1973)
1895 - Stanley Rous, English football official, 6th President of FIFA (died 1986)
1897 – Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood (died 1956)
1900 – Wolfgang Ernst Pauli, Austrian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1958)
1900 – Gladwyn Jebb, British diplomat (died 1996)
1901 1950
1902 – Werner Heyde, German psychiatrist (died 1964)
1903 – Andrey Nikolayevich Kolmogorov, Russian mathematician (died 1987)
1903 - Michele Pellegrino, Italian archbishop of Turin (died 1986)
1905 - George Nepia, New Zealand rugby player (died 1986)
1906 – William J. Brennan, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (died 1997)
1908 – Edward R. Murrow, American journalist (died 1965)
1909 - William Pereira, American architect (died 1985)
1911 - Connie Marrero, Cuban baseball player (died 2014)
1914 – Ross Lockridge, Jr., writer (died 1948)
1917 – Ella Fitzgerald, American singer (died 1996)
1918 – Gerard Henri de Vaucouleurs, French astronomer (died 1995)
1918 – Astrid Varnay, operatic soprano (died 2006)
1920 - Jean Carmet, French actor (died 1994)
1921 – Karel Appel, Dutch painter (died 2006)
1922 - Georges Cottier, Swiss cardinal (died 2016)
1923 – Albert King, American musician (died 1992)
1923 - Anita Björk, Swedish actress (died 2012)
1924 - Ingemar Johansson, Swedish race walker (died 2009)
1924 - Franco Mannini, Italian composer, playwright and writer (died 2005)
1925 – Sammy Drechsel, journalist, movie director, and cabaretist (died 1986)
1927 – Albert Uderzo, French cartoonist
1928 – Vassar Clements, American musician
1928 – Cy Twombly, American painter (died 2011)
1928 - Yury Yakovlev, Russian actor (died 2013)
1929 - John S. Waugh, American chemist (died 2014)
1929 - Yvette Williams, New Zealand athlete (died 2019)
1930 – Paul Mazursky, American movie director and writer (died 2014)
1930 - Peter Schulz, Mayor of Hamburg (died 2013)
1931 - Felix Berezin, Russian mathematician and physicist (died 1980)
1932 – Meadowlark Lemon, American basketball player (died 2015)
1932 - Lia Manoliu, Romanian discus thrower (died 1998)
1932 - William Roache, English actor
1933 – Jerry Leiber, American composer (died 2011)
1934 - Denny Miller, American actor (died 2014)
1935 - Li Ao, Chinese-Taiwanese social commentator and historian (died 2018)
1935 – April Ashley, English model
1936 - Henck Arron, 1st Prime Minister of Suriname (died 2000)
1938 - Roger Boisjoly, American engineer (died 2012)
1939 - Tarcisio Burgnich, Italian footballer
1939 - Patrick Anson, 5th Earl of Lichfield, English photographer (died 2005)
1940 – Al Pacino, American actor
1941 - Bertrand Tavernier, French director, screenwriter and actor
1941 - Princess Muna al-Hussein of Jordan
1941 - Walter Mixa, German bishop
1942 - Jon Kyl, American politician
1943 - Julio Montero Castillo, Uruguayan footballer
1943 - Angelo Anquilletti, Italian footballer (died 2015)
1943 - Tony Christie, British singer
1944 – Len Goodman, British dancer
1945 – Björn Ulvaeus, Swedish singer and songwriter (ABBA)
1945 - Stu Cook, English bass guitarist
1946 - Andrzej Seweryn, Polish actor
1946 – Talia Shire, American actress
1946 - Peter Sutherland, Irish lawyer, politician and businessman (died 2018)
1946 – Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Russian politician
1947 – Johan Cruyff, Dutch footballer (died 2016)
1948 - Mike Selvey, English cricketer
1948 - Yu Shyi-kun, 39th Premier of the Republic of China
1949 - Paul Judge, British businessman and political executive (died 2017)
1949 – Dominique Strauss-Kahn, French politician and economist, former head of the IMF
1950 – Peter Jurasik, American actor
1950 - Peter Hintze, German politician (died 2016)
1951 1975
1952 - Jacques Santini, French footballer and manager
1952 - Vladislav Tretiak, Russian ice hockey goaltender
1952 – Ketil Bjørnstad, Norwegian pianist
1953 - Ron Clements, American animator, director, producer and screenwriter
1955 - Americo Gallego, Argentine footballer
1955 - Zev Siegel, American businessman
1956 - Dominique Blanc, French actress
1957 - Eric Bristow, English darts player (died 2018)
1957 - Roch Marc Kaboré, former Prime Minister of Burkina Faso
1958 – Fish, Scottish singer, musician and actor
1959 - Paul Madden, English diplomat
1960 - Robert Peston, English journalist
1962 - Juha Sipila, Finnish politician, Prime minister of Finland
1963 – David Moyes, Scottish footballer and manager
1963 - Philippine Leroy-Beaulieu, French actress
1964 – Hank Azaria, American actor
1964 – Andy Bell, British musician (Erasure)
1964 - Fiona Bruce, British journalist, newsreader and television presenter
1965 - John Henson, American puppeteer (d. 2014)
1965 - Simon Fowler, English singer and guitarist
1965 – Eric Avery, American musician (Jane's Addiction)
1969 – Joe Buck, baseball and American football broadcaster
1969 – Darren Woodson, American football player
1969 – Renée Zellweger, American actress
1969 – Gina Torres, American actress
1970 – Jason Lee, American actor
1970 - Jason Wiles, American actor
1972 – Sofia Helin, Swedish actress
1974 - Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou
1975 - Steven Paterson, Scottish politician
From 1976
1976 – Tim Duncan, American basketball player
1976 – Rainer Schüttler, German tennis player
1976 – Gilberto da Silva Melo, Brazilian footballer
1977 - Marguerite Moreau, American actress
1980 - Kazuhito Tadano, Japanese baseball player
1980 - Alejandro Valverde, Spanish cyclist
1980 - Ben Johnston, Scottish musician (Biffy Clyro)
1980 - James Johnston, Scottish musician (Biffy Clyro)
1980 - Lee Spick, English snooker player (died 2015)
1981 – Felipe Massa, Brazilian racing driver
1981 – Anja Parson, Swedish skier
1982 – Monty Panesar, English cricketer
1983 - Jonathan Thurston, Australian rugby league player
1986 – Alexei Emelin, Russian ice hockey player
1986 - Claudia Rath, German heptathlete
1986 - Daniel Sharman, British actor
1987 - Razak Boukari, Togolese footballer
1988 - James Sheppard, Canadian ice hockey player
1989 – Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, 11th Panchen Lama
1989 - Marie-Michèle Gagnon, Canadian alpine ski racer
1989 - Michael van Gerwen, Dutch darts player
1996 - Allisyn Ashley Arm, American actress
1996 - Liam Henderson, Scottish footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
68 – Saint Mark
487 - Emperor Kenzo of Japan (b. 450)
501 - Saint Rusticus, French archbishop (b. 455)
1077 – Geza I of Hungary (b. 1040)
1265 - Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester, English crusader (b. 1195)
1295 – King Sancho IV of Castile (b. 1258)
1472 – Leon Battista Alberti, Italian artist, poet and philosopher (b. 1404)
1516 – John Yonge, English diplomat (b. 1467)
1566 – Diane de Poitiers, mistress of Henry II of France (b. 1499)
1595 – Torquato Tasso, Italian poet (b. 1544)
1605 – Naresuan, King of Siam (b. 1555)
1644 – Chongzhen Emperor of China (b. 1611)
1744 – Anders Celsius, Swedish astronomer (b. 1701)
1770 - Jean-Antoine Nollet, French abbot and physicist (b. 1700)
1800 – William Cowper, English poet (b. 1731)
1840 - Simeon Denis Poisson, French mathematician (b. 1781)
1873 - Fyodor Petrovich Tolstoy, Russian painter (b. 1783)
1875 – Trinley Gyatso, 12th Dalai Lama (b. 1857)
1878 – Anna Sewell, English writer (b. 1820)
1878 - Coles Bashford, Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1816)
1901 2000
1911 - Emilio Salgari, Italian writer (b. 1862)
1915 - Frederick W. Seward, American lawyer, writer, editor and politician (b. 1830)
1923 - Louis-Olivier Taillon, 8th Premier of Quebec (b. 1840)
1928 – Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel, Russian counter-revolutionary (b. 1878)
1943 - Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, Russian director, playwright and producer (b. 1858)
1944 - George Herriman, American writer (b. 1880)
1944 - William Stephens, American politician, 24th Governor of California (b. 1859)
1961 - Robert Garrett, American athlete (b. 1875)
1968 – Walter Tewksbury, American athlete (b. 1876)
1976 - Carol Reed, English director and producer (b. 1906)
1980 – Katia Mann, German writer (b. 1883)
1980 - Mario Bava, Italian movie director and screenwriter (b. 1914)
1982 - John Cody, American cardinal (b. 1907)
1984 - David Kennedy, son of Robert F. Kennedy (b. 1955)
1988 - Valerie Solanas, American author (b. 1936)
1990 - Dexter Gordon, American saxophonist, composer and actor (b. 1923)
1992 - Yutaka Ozaki, Japanese singer (b. 1965)
1993 - Rosita Moreno, Spanish-American actress (b. 1907)
1995 – Andrea Fortunato, Italian footballer (b. 1971)
1995 – Ginger Rogers, American actress and dancer (b. 1911)
1995 - Art Fleming, American game show host (b. 1925)
1996 - Saul Bass, American graphic designer, photographer and moviemaker (b. 1920)
1998 – Christian Mortensen, Danish-American supercentenarian (b. 1882)
1999 – Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin, Irish Olympic official (b. 1914)
From 2001
2002 – Indra Devi, Latvian-born yoga teacher (b. 1899)
2002 - Lisa Lopes, American singer-songwriter, dancer and actress (b. 1971)
2007 – Alan Ball, Jr., English footballer (b. 1945)
2007 - Bobby Pickett, American singer and songwriter (b. 1938)
2008 – Humphrey Lyttelton, English jazz musician (b. 1921)
2009 – Beatrice Arthur, American actress (b. 1922)
2010 – Alan Sillitoe, British writer (b. 1928)
2011 – Poly Styrene, British singer (b. 1957)
2011 – Gonzalo Rojas, Chilean poet (b. 1917)
2013 - Anna Proclemer, Italian actress (b. 1923)
2013 - Virginia Gibson, American actress, singer and dancer (b. 1925)
2014 - Tito Vilanova, Spanish footballer and coach (b. 1968)
2014 - Stanko Lorger, Slovenian Olympic hurdler (b. 1931)
2014 - Stefanie Zweig, German writer (b. 1932)
2014 - Earl Morrall, American football player (b. 1934)
2015 - Dan Fredinburg, American executive (b. 1981)
2015 - Matthias Kuhle, German geographer (b. 1948)
2015 - Jim Fanning, American baseball player (b. 1927)
2015 - Don Mankiewicz, American screenwriter (b. 1922)
2015 - Mike Phillips, American basketball player (b. 1956)
2015 - Christine Stewart, Canadian politician (b. 1941)
2016 - Martin Gray, Polish Holocaust survivor and writer (b. 1922)
2016 - Michal Hornstein, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1920)
2016 - Tom Lewis, Australian politician, Premier of New South Wales (b. 1922)
2016 - Mei Baojiu, Chinese opera artist (b. 1934)
2017 - Sasha Lakovic, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1971)
2017 - Munyua Waiyaki, Kenyan politician (b. 1926)
2017 - Erik Martin, German songwriter and editor (b. 1936)
2017 - Philippe Mestre, French media executive and politician (b. 1927)
2018 - Abbas, Iranian photographer (b. 1944)
2018 - Shuhrat Abbosov, Uzbek actor, film director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1931)
2018 - Adebayo Adedeji, Nigerian economist and academic (b. 1930)
2018 - Inuka, Singapore-bred polar bear (b. 1990)
2018 - Hans-Reinhard Koch, German Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1929)
2018 - Michael Anderson, British film director (b. 1920)
2019 - Robert de Greef, Dutch cyclist (b. 1991)
2019 - John Havlicek, American basketball player (b. 1940)
2019 - Larry "Flash" Jenkins, American actor (b. 1955)
2019 - Manuel Lujan Jr., American politician (b. 1928)
2019 - Faty Papy, Burundiian footballer (b. 1990)
2019 - Feargal Quinn, Irish businessman and politician (b. 1936)
Observances
Saints of the Day: Saint Mark the Evangelist; Saint Franca of Piacenza
ANZAC Day - Australia, New Zealand, Tonga
DNA Day
World Malaria Day
Flag Day (Faroe Islands, Swaziland)
Liberation Day (Italy)
Freedom Day (Portugal)
Army Day (North Korea)
Latest date for Easter (March 22 is the earliest), last occurred on this date in 1943 and will next do so in 2038
Days of the year |
9879 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2026 | April 26 |
Events
Up to 1950
1315 – Robert the Bruce opens the first Scottish Parliament.
1478 – The Pazzi attack Lorenzo de' Medici and kill his brother Giuliano during High Mass in the Florence Cathedral.
1564 – William Shakespeare is baptised in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England.
1607 – English colonists of the Jamestown settlement make landfall at Cape Henry, Virginia.
1721 - A massive earthquake hits Tabriz, present-day Iran.
1802 - Napoleon Bonaparte signs a general amnesty to allow all but 1,000 of the most notorious émigrés of the French Revolution to return to France.
1803 - Meteor fragments, in their thousands, fall from the skies above L'Aigle, France.
1865 – American Civil War: Confederate General Joseph Johnston surrenders his army to General William Tecumseh Sherman near Durham, North Carolina.
1865 – Union cavalry troopers corner John Wilkes Booth, President Lincoln's assassin, in a barn in Virginia. Booth is shot dead by cavalryman Boston Corbett.
1876 – In football, FC Copenhagen is founded. It is the oldest Football Club in Denmark and Northern Europe.
1903 - In football, Spanish club Atletico Madrid is founded.
1923 – Future King George VI of the United Kingdom marries Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon at Westminster Abbey.
1925 – Paul von Hindenburg defeats Wilhelm Marx in the second round of the German presidential election to become the first directly elected Reichspräsident, the head of state of the Weimar Republic.
1933 – The Gestapo, the official secret police force of Nazi Germany, is established.
1937 – Spanish Civil War: Guernica, Spain is bombed by German Luftwaffe.
1942 – The worst-ever mining accident in history kills 1,549 miners in an explosion at the Honkeiko Colliery, Manchuria.
1944 - Georgius Papandreou becomes Head of the Greek government-in-exile based in Egypt.
1946 – Father Divine, a controversial religious leader who claims to be God, marries the much-younger Edna Rose Ritchings, a celebrated anniversary in the International Peace Mission movement.
From 1951
1954 – The Geneva Conference, an effort to restore peace in Indochina and Korea, begins.
1956 - SS Ideal X, the world's first successful container ship, leaves Port Newark, New Jersey for Houston, Texas.
1960 – The April Revolution in South Korea leads to the resignation of President Rhee Syng-man, who had ruled for 12 years.
1962 – NASA's Ranger 4 spacecraft crashes into the Moon.
1963 - Libya changes its constitution. Women gain the right to vote, and the official name of the country becomes "Kingdom of Libya".
1964 – Tanganyika and Zanzibar merge to form Tanzania.
1965 - A Rolling Stones concert in London, Ontario has to be abandoned after 15 minutes after rioting.
1966 – The IOC decides that Munich should host the 1972 Summer Olympics.
1966 - Ambroise Noumazalaye forms the new government in the Republic of the Congo.
1982 – 57 people are killed by former police officer Woo Bum-kon in a shooting spree in Gyeongsangam-do, South Korea.
1986 – In Ukraine, then part of the Soviet Union, a nuclear reactor at the Chornobyl (Chernobyl) nuclear plant explodes, creating the world's worst nuclear disaster.
1989 – The deadliest-ever tornado kills over 1,000 people in central Bangladesh.
1991 – Seventy tornadoes break out in the central United States. Before its end, Andover, Kansas would record the year's only F5 tornado (see The Andover, Kansas Tornado).
1994 – South Africa holds its first multiracial elections.
1994 – A China Airlines Airbus A-300-600R crashes at Nagoya Airport, Japan killing 264.
2000 – The Andorra national football team scores its first-ever win; 2-0 against the Belarus national football team. Andorra had joined FIFA in 1994.
2002 – 19-year-old Robert Steinhäuser shoots and kills 17 people at his school in Erfurt, Germany.
2005 – Under international pressure, Syria withdraws the last of its 14,000 troop military garrison in Lebanon, ending its 29-year military domination of that country.
2012 – Former President of Liberia Charles Taylor is found guilty of war crimes for his role in supplying weapons during the Sierra Leone Civil War.
2013 - A fire in a psychiatric hospital near Moscow, Russia, kills 38 people. Only 3 people survive.
2013 - The Bank of England announces that Winston Churchill will feature on its five-pound bank notes from 2016.
2016 - A court ruling finds that the 96 victims of the Hillsborough disaster were unlawfully killed.
2017 - The Cassini space probe moves inside Saturn's ring system.
2018 - American entertainer Bill Cosby is found guilty of sexual assault.
Births
Up to 1900
121 – Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor (died 188)
1538 - Gian Paolo Lomazzo, Italian painter (died 1600)
1575 – Marie de' Medici, Queen of France (died 1647)
1647 - William Ashhurst, English banker and politician (died 1720)
1648 – Peter II of Portugal (died 1706)
1710 – Thomas Reid, Scottish philosopher (died 1797)
1711 – David Hume, Scottish philosopher (died 1776), born on May 7 in Gregorian calendar
1765 - Emma, Lady Hamilton, wife of Horatio Nelson (died 1815)
1774 - Christian Leopold von Buch, German geologist (died 1853)
1782 – Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily (died 1866)
1785 – John James Audubon, American painter (died 1851)
1786 – William Hovell, English explorer of Australia (died 1875)
1787 – Ludwig Uhland, German poet (died 1862)
1798 – Eugène Delacroix, French painter (died 1863)
1801 - Ambrose Dudley Mann, American politician and diplomat (died 1889)
1812 – Alfred Krupp, German industrialist (died 1887)
1821 - Robert Adamson, Scottish photographer (died 1848)
1822 – Frederick Law Olmsted, American landscape architect (died 1903)
1826 – Ambrose R. Wright, American Civil War general (died 1872)
1845 - Jorge Montt, President of Chile (died 1922)
1856 – Joseph Ward, 17th Prime Minister of New Zealand (died 1930)
1862 - Edmund C. Tarbell, American artist (died 1938)
1865 – Akseli Gallen-Kallela, Finnish painter and architect (died 1931)
1879 – Owen Willans Richardson, British physicist (died 1959)
1885 - Marcello Bertinetti, Italian fencer and footballer (died 1967)
1886 – Gabdulla Tukay, Tatar poet (died 1913)
1886 – Ma Rainey, American singer (died 1939)
1888 – Anita Loos, American writer (died 1981)
1889 – Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austrian-born philosopher (died 1951)
1889 - James Wordie, Scottish polar explorer (died 1962)
1892 – John Murray, Australian army officer (died 1951)
1894 – Rudolf Hess, Nazi leader, Adolf Hitler's Deputy (died 1987)
1896 - Ernst Udet, German pilot (died 1941)
1897 – Douglas Sirk, German-born movie director (died 1987)
1897 - Eddie Eagan, American athlete (died 1967)
1898 – Vicente Aleixandre, Spanish writer (died 1984)
1898 – John Grierson, Scottish moviemaker (died 1972)
1900 – Charles Richter, American seismologist (someone who studies earthquakes), creator of the Richter scale (died 1985)
1901 1950
1904 - Jimmy McGrory, Scottish footballer (died 1982)
1907 - Ilios Tsirimkos, Prime Minister of Greece (died 1968)
1909 - Marianne Hoppe, German theatre and movie actress (died 2002)
1910 – Tomoyuki Tanaka, Japanese movie director (died 1997)
1914 – Bernard Malamud, American writer (died 1986)
1917 – I. M. Pei, Chinese-born architect
1917 - Virgil Trucks, American baseball player (died 2013)
1918 – Fanny Blankers-Koen, Dutch athlete (died 2004)
1921 - Jimmy Giuffre, American jazz clarinetist, saxophone player and composer (died 2008)
1922 - Roger Grava, Italian-French footballer (died 1949)
1922 - Jeanne Sauvé, 23rd Governor General of Canada (died 1993)
1922 - Margaret Scott, South African-Australian ballerina and choreographer
1925 - Vladimir Botlyansky, Russian mathematician and author
1925 - Jorgen Ingmann, Danish musician (died 2015)
1925 - Zvi Yavetz, Israeli historian (died 2013)
1925 - Michele Ferrero, Italian businessman (died 2015)
1926 – David Coleman, British sports broadcaster (died 2013)
1930 - Roger Moens, Belgian athlete
1931 - Bernie Brillstein, American movie and television producer (died 2008)
1931 - Paul Almond, Canadian screenwriter, director and producer (died 2015)
1932 - Israr Ahmed, Pakistani theologian, philosopher and scholar (died 2010)
1932 – Francis Lai, French movie score composer
1932 - Agildo Ribeiro, Brazilian actor (died 2018)
1932 - Birgitta Stenberg, Swedish writer (died 2014)
1932 – Michael Smith, British-born chemist (died 2000)
1933 – Carol Burnett, American actress and comedienne
1933 – Arno Allan Penzias, German-born physicist
1934 - Donald Sterling, American businessman, former owner of the Los Angeles Clippers
1936 - Doug Sax, American audio engineer (died 2015)
1937 - Jean-Pierre Beltoise, French racing driver (died 2015)
1938 - Nino Benvenuti, Italian boxer
1938 – Duane Eddy, American guitarist
1940 – Giorgio Moroder, Italian composer
1942 - Svyatoslav Belza, Russian scholar, critic and essayist (died 2014)
1942 - Molvi Iftikhar Hussein Ansari, Kashmiri Shia cleric and politician (died 2014)
1942 – Bobby Rydell, American singer
1945 - Richard Armitage, American politician
1945 - Jorge Serrano Elias, 29th President of Guatemala
1947 – Warren Clarke, British actor (died 2014)
1947 - David Byrne, Irish politician
1948 - Derek Davis, Irish broadcaster (died 2015)
1949 – Carlos Bianchi, Argentine footballer
1949 - Dominic Sena, American director
1950 – Thomas Quick, Swedish claimed serial killer
1951 1975
1953 - Arved Fuchs, German polar scientist and author
1955 – Kurt Bodewig, German politician
1956 - Koo Stark, American actress
1958 - John Crichton-Stuart, 7th Marquess of Bute, Scottish peer and racing driver
1959 - John Corabi, American singer and musician
1959 – Thanassis Papakonstantinou, Greek singer and songwriter
1960 – Roger Andrew Taylor, British drummer (Duran Duran)
1961 – Joan Chen, Chinese-born actress
1961 - Chris Mars, American singer-songwriter, musician and producer
1963 – Jet Li, Chinese martial artist and actor
1963 - Tank Abbott, American martial artist and wrestler
1965 – Kevin James, American comedian
1966 - Yoshihiro Togashi, Japanese manga artist
1967 - Marianne Jean-Baptiste, British actress
1967 – Glenn Jacob, American Wrestler
1970 – Melania Trump, Slovenian-American model, First Lady of the United States
1972 – Avi Nimni, Israeli footballer
1973 - Lee Woon-Jae, South Korean footballer
1973 - Gedeon Naudet, French-born American movie maker
1974 - Adil Ray, British radio presenter
1975 – Nerina Pallot, British singer-songwriter
1975 – Joey Jordison, American musician (Slipknot)
From 1976
1977 - Jason Earles, American actor, comedian and martial artist
1977 – Roxana Saberi, American journalist
1977 - Raphael Wicky, Swiss footballer
1977 - Craig Adams, Canadian ice hockey player
1978 - Elson Becerra, Colombian footballer (d. 2006)
1979 - Ariane Moffatt, Canadian singer and songwriter
1980 – Anna Mucha, Polish actress
1980 – Channing Tatum, American actor
1980 - Jordana Brewster, American actress
1980 - Marlon King, Jamaican footballer
1981 – Matthieu Delpierre, French footballer
1981 – Ms. Dynamite, British singer and musician
1981 – Caro Emerald, Dutch singer
1982 – Nadja Benaissa, German singer
1982 - Amazing Red, Puerto Rican professional wrestler
1983 – Jessica Lynch, American POW
1984 - Emily Wickersham, American actress and model
1985 – John Isner, American tennis player
1985 - Nam Gyu-Ri, South Korean singer and actress
1987 - Jessica Lee Rose, American-New Zealand actress
1989 - Daesung, South Korean singer-songwriter and actor
1990 - Kim Yu-mi, South Korean model
1990 - Jonathan dos Santos, Mexican footballer
1991 - Ignacio Lores Varela, Uruguayan footballer
1992 – Danielle Hope, English actress and singer
1994 - Daniil Kvyat, Russian racing driver
1994 - Zoe Smith, English weightlifter
1995 - Daniel Padilla, Filipino actor and singer
Deaths
Up to 1950
499 - Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei in China (b. 467)
645 - Richarius, Frankish hermit and monk (b. 560)
757 – Pope Stephen II
1192 – Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan (b. 1127)
1196 – Alfonso II of Aragon (b. 1157)
1444 – Robert Campin, Flemish painter (b. 1378)
1476 - Simonetta Vespucci, Italian noblewoman (b. 1453)
1478 – Giuliano di Piero de' Medici, ruler of Florence (b. 1453)
1489 - Ashikaga Yoshihisa, Japanese shogun (b. 1465)
1716 – John Somers, 1st Baron Somers, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1651)
1789 - Petr Ivanovich Panin, Russian soldier (b. 1721)
1865 – John Wilkes Booth, the man who killed United States President Abraham Lincoln (b. 1838)
1910 – Bjornstjerne Bjornson, Norwegian writer (b. 1832)
1910 - Garretson W. Gibson, President of Liberia (b. 1832)
1915 - John Bunny, American actor (b. 1863)
1920 – Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indian mathematician (b. 1887)
1924 - Josef Labor, Bohemian composer, organist and pianist (b. 1842)
1938 – Edmund Husserl, German philosopher (b. 1859)
1940 – Carl Bosch, German chemist (b. 1874)
1944 - Violette Morris, French footballer, shot putter and discus thrower (b. 1893)
1945 – Sigmund Rascher, Nazi doctor (b. 1909)
1946 – James Larkin White, American, discovered the Carlsbad Caverns (b. 1882)
1951 2010
1951 – Arnold Sommerfeld, German physicist (b. 1868)
1956 – Edward Arnold, American actor (b. 1890)
1957 - Gichin Funakoshi, Japanese creator of Karate (b. 1868)
1968 - John Heartfield, German painter and graphic artist (b. 1891)
1969 – Morihei Ueshiba, Japanese martial artist (b. 1883)
1970 - Charles January, American soccer player (b. 1888)
1976 – Sid James, South African-born British comedian (b. 1913)
1984 – Count Basie, American musician (b. 1904)
1986 - Hermann Gmeiner, Austrian humanitarian (b. 1919)
1986 - Bessie Love, American actress (b. 1898)
1988 - Valerie Solanas, American feminist (b. 1936)
1989 – Lucille Ball, American actress (b. 1911)
1991 - Carmine Coppola, American conductor and composer (b. 1910)
1991 - Richard Hatfield, Canadian politician, 26th Premier of New Brunswick (b. 1931)
1994 – Masutatsu Oyama, founder of Japanese Kyokushin karate (b. 1927)
1996 – Stirling Silliphant, American writer and producer (b. 1918)
1999 – Jill Dando, British television presenter (b. 1961)
1999 - Man Mohan Adhikari, Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1920)
2002 – Robert Steinhauser, German spree killer in the Erfurt massacre (b. 1983)
2003 - Edward Max Nicholson, Irish environmentalist (b. 1904)
2005 – Maria Schell, Swiss-Austrian actress (b. 1926)
2005 – Augusto Roa Bastos, Paraguayan writer (b. 1917)
2007 – Jack Valenti, American political advisor and movie executive (b. 1921)
From 2011
2011 – Phoebe Snow, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1950)
2013 - George Jones, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1931)
2013 - William L. Guy, 26th Governor of North Dakota (b. 1919)
2013 - Mary Thom, American journalist (b. 1944)
2014 - Sandro Lopopolo, Italian boxer (b. 1939)
2014 - Antonio Pica, Spanish footballer (b. 1933)
2014 - DJ Rashad, American DJ (b. 1979)
2015 - Wang Guozhen, Chinese poet (b. 1956)
2015 - Izatullo Khayoyev, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (b. 1936)
2015 - Bill Valentine, American baseball umpire (b. 1932)
2015 - Masudur Rahman Baidya, Indian swimmer (b. 1968)
2015 - Hojatollah Khatib, Iranian sports administrator (b. 1954)
2015 - Jayne Meadows, American actress (b. 1919)
2015 - Marcel Pronovost, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1930)
2016 - Harry Wu, Chinese activist (b. 1937)
2016 - Vincent Darius, Grenadian Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1955)
2016 - Amanullah Khan, Pakistani-Kashmiri activist and writer (b. 1934)
2016 - Lucy Kibaki, former First Lady of Kenya (b. 1940)
2017 - Jonathan Demme, American film director (b. 1944)
2018 - Yoshinobu Ishii, Japanese footballer (b. 1939)
2018 - Philip H. Hoff, American politician, 73rd Governor of Vermont (b. 1924)
2018 - Elvira Orphée, Argentine writer (b. 1922)
2018 - Gianfranco Parolini, Italian film director (b. 1925)
Observances
Union Day (Tanzania)
Confederate Memorial Day (Texas and Florida)
Day of Remembrance of the Chernobyl tragedy (Belarus)
World Intellectual Property Day
Latest possible date for Easter Monday (earliest is March 23)
Days of the year |
9880 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2024 | April 24 |
Events
Up to 1900
1184 BC - Traditional date of the Fall of Troy.
1558 – Mary, Queen of Scots marries future King Francis II of France.
1585 - Felice Peretti is elected Pope, becoming Pope Sixtus V.
1704 - The first regular newspaperin Colonial America, the News-Letter, is published in Boston, Massachusetts.
1715 - Following defeat in the naval Battle of Fehmarn, Sweden sinks its own flagship, Hedvig Sophia, to prevent Denmark from taking it.
1800 – The Library of Congress in Washington, DC opens.
1877 – Russo-Turkish War: Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
1885 - American sharpshooter Annie Oakley is hired to be part of Buffalo Bill's Wild West.
1895 - Joshua Slocum sets sail from Boston, Massachusetts on his boat Spray, on his way to becoming the first person to sail single-handedly around the world.
1898 – The Spanish-American War begins.
1901 2000
1904 - The Lithuanian press ban ends after over 40 years.
1907 - Hersheypark, founded by Milton S. Hershey exclusively for his employees, opens.
1913 – New York City's Woolworth building is opened.
1914 - The Franck-Hertz Experiment, a pillar of quantum mechanics, is presented to the German Physical Society.
1915 – The arrest of 250 Armenian intellectuals and community leaders in Istanbul marks the beginning of the Armenian Genocide.
1916 – The Irish Easter Rising begins in Dublin.
1916 - Ernest Shackleton and five men of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition launch a lifeboat from the uninhabited Elephant Island in the Southern Ocean to organize a rescue for the ice-trapped ship Endurance.
1922 - The first segment of the Imperial Wireless Chain providing wireless telegraphy between Leafield, Oxfordshire, England and Cairo, Egypt, begins operations.
1926 - The Treaty of Berlin is signed. Germany and the Soviet Union each pledge neutrality in the event of an attack on the other, for the next five years.
1933 - Nazi Germany begins with the persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses by shutting down the Watch Tower Society in Magdeburg.
1953 – Winston Churchill is knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.
1955 - End of the Bandung Conference in Indonesia: 29 non-aligned Asian and African countries condemn colonialism, racism and the Cold War.
1957 - Following the Suez Crisis, the Suez Canal is re-opened.
1957 - The BBC first broadcasts the long-running astronomy TV programme The Sky at Night, presented by Patrick Moore until his death in 2012.
1964 - The Little Mermaid statue in Copenhagen is beheaded.
1965 - A civil war starts in the Dominican Republic.
1967 – Soviet cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov dies in Soyuz 1 when his parachute fails to open.
1968 – Mauritius joins the UN.
1970 – The Gambia becomes a republic with Dawda Jawara as its first President.
1970 - The first Chinese satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, is launched.
1971 - Soyuz 10 docks with Salyut 1.
1974 - President of Austria Franz Jonas dies in office aged 74, following a long period of illness.
1990 – Gruinard Island in Scotland is declared free of Anthrax.
1990 – STS-31: The Hubble Space Telescope is launched from Space Shuttle Discovery.
1993 - An Irish Republican Army bomb hits the Bishopsgate area of London.
From 2001
2004 – In Cyprus, a referendum on reunification results in the Turkish population mainly voting yes, but the Greek population mainly voting no, meaning that only Greek Cyprus joins the EU the following week.
2004 - The United States lifts (ends) economic sanctions on Libya.
2005 – Josef Alois Ratzinger is officially inaugurated as Pope Benedict XVI.
2005 – Snuppy, the world's first cloned dog, is born in South Korea.
2007 – Iceland announces that Norway will take responsibility of its defence in peacetime.
2013 - 1,127 people are killed when an eight-storey clothing factory building in Dhaka, Bangladesh, collapses. Over 2,500 are injured.
2016 - The candidates of the traditional political parties are rejected in Austria's Presidential election, with Alexander Van der Bellen and Norbert Hofer advancing to the second round.
Births
Up to 1900
1086 - Ramiro II of Aragon (d. 1157)
1492 - Sabina of Bavaria (d. 1564)
1533 – William I of Orange (d. 1584)
1580 – Vincent de Paul, French saint (d. 1660)
1620 – John Graunt, English statistician (d. 1674)
1706 – Giovanni Battista Martini, Italian musician (d. 1780)
1718 – Nathaniel Hone, Irish-born painter (d. 1784)
1719 - Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti, Italian poet (d. 1789)
1743 – Edmund Cartwright, British inventor (d. 1823)
1777 - Maria Clementina of Austria (d. 1801)
1787 - Mathieu Orfila, Spanish-French chemist (d. 1853)
1815 – Anthony Trollope, English novelist (d. 1882)
1819 - Klaus Groth, German writer (d. 1899)
1825 - R. M. Ballantyne, Scottish writer (d. 1894)
1829 - James Sheakley, Territorial Governor of Alaska (d. 1917)
1831 - George Nares, British admiral and polar explorer (d. 1915)
1841 - Charles Sprague Sargent, American botanist (d. 1927)
1845 – Carl Spitteler, Swiss writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1924)
1851 - Morgan Earp, American Western figure and brother of Wyatt Earp (d. 1882)
1856 – Henri Philippe Pétain, French soldier and statesman (d. 1951)
1871 - Blanche Ring, American singer (d. 1961)
1876 – Erich Raeder, German naval commander (d. 1960)
1878 – Jean Crotti, Swiss artist (d. 1958)
1879 - Susanna Bokoyni, Hungarian-American centenarian and circus performer (d. 1984)
1880 - Gideon Sundback, Swedish engineer, businessman and developer of the zipper (d. 1954)
1882 – Hugh Dowding, 1st Baron Dowding, Scottish fighter pilot (d. 1970)
1889 – Sir Stafford Cripps, British politician (d. 1952)
1889 – Lyubov Popova, Russian painter (d. 1924)
1896 - Charlie Rivel, Spanish clown (d. 1983)
1896 – Benjamin Whorf, American linguist (d. 1941)
1897 – Manuel Ávila Camacho, President of Mexico (d. 1955)
1899 – Oscar Zariski, Russian-born mathematician (d. 1986)
1901 1925
1903 - José Antonio Primo de Rivera, Spanish lawyer and politician (d. 1936)
1904 – Willem de Kooning, Dutch painter (d. 1997)
1905 – Robert Penn Warren, American poet (d. 1989)
1906 – William Joyce, Irish fascist (d. 1946)
1907 – William Sargant, British psychiatrist (d. 1988)
1908 - Viktor Abakumov, Soviet politician (d. 1954)
1908 – Marceline Day, American actress (d. 2000)
1908 – Jozef Goslawski, Polish sculptor (d. 1963)
1909 – Bernhard Grzimek, German zoologist, naturalist, writer and movie maker (d. 1987)
1913 - Dieter Grau, German-American scientist and engineer (d. 2014)
1914 – William Castle, American movie director and producer (d. 1977)
1916 – Lou Thesz, American professional wrestler (d. 2002)
1919 - Glafcos Clerides, 4th President of Cyprus (d. 2013)
1919 - César Manrique, Spanish artist, architect and conservationist (d. 1992)
1922 - Susanna Agnelli, Italian politician (d. 2009)
1922 – J.D. Cannon, American actor (d. 2005)
1922 - Marc-Adélard Tremblay, Canadian anthropologist (d. 2014)
1923 - Gus Bodnar, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2005)
1924 – Sir Clement Freud, British writer, radio personality, and politician (d. 2009)
1926 1950
1926 – Thorbjörn Fälldin, former Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 2016)
1927 - Frank Lucchesi, American baseball player, coach and manager (d. 2019)
1927 - Josy Barthel, Luxembourgish middle-distance runner (d. 1992)
1928 - Tommy Docherty, Scottish footballer
1929 - Hella Pick, Austrian-British journalist
1929 - Rajkumar, Indian actor (d. 2006)
1930 – Jerome Callet, American musician
1930 – Richard Donner, American movie director and producer
1930 – José Sarney, former President of Brazil
1931 - Bridget Riley, British artist
1933 – Claire Davenport, British actress (d. 2002)
1933 – Helmuth Lohner, Austrian actor (d. 2015)
1934 – Shirley MacLaine, American actress and writer
1935 - Kuaima Riruako, Namibian politician (d. 2014)
1936 – Jill Ireland, British actress (d. 1990)
1936 - Akwasi Afrifa, Ghanaian politician (d. 1979)
1936 - David Crombie, 56th Mayor of Toronto
1937 – Joe Henderson American jazz saxophonist (d. 2001)
1940 – Sue Grafton, American writer (d. 2017)
1940 - Michael Parks, American actor (d. 2017)
1941 - Silvio Moser, Swiss racing driver (d. 1974)
1941 – John Williams, Australian guitarist
1941 – Richard Holbrooke, American diplomat (d. 2010)
1942 – Richard M. Daley, American politician
1942 – Barbra Streisand, American singer, actress, and director
1942 - George Vella, 10th President of Malta
1944 - Tony Visconti, American music producer
1945 – Doug Clifford, American drummer (Creedence Clearwater Revival)
1945 - Dick Rivers, French singer (d. 2019)
1947 - Josep Borrell, Spanish politician, 22nd President of the European Parliament
1947 - Roger D. Kornberg, American chemist
1948 - Paul Cellucci, 69th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 2013)
1951 1963
1951 - Nigel Harrison, English musician and songwriter
1951 – Enda Kenny, Irish Taoiseach
1952 – Jean-Paul Gaultier, French fashion designer
1953 – Eric Bogosian, American actor and writer
1954 – Mumia Abu-Jamal, American journalist, political activist, and death-row inmate
1954 – Captain Sensible, British guitarist (The Damned)
1954 - Jack Blades, American musician
1955 – John de Mol, Dutch media tycoon
1955 - Eamon Gilmore, Irish politician
1957 – David J, British musician
1957 – Boris Williams, British musician (The Cure)
1958 - Brian Paddick, English deputy police officer and politician
1958 - Valery Lantratov, Russian ballet dancer
1958 – Susan Tsvangirai, (d. 2009) wife of Zimbabwean Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai
1958 - Steve Wright, British serial killer
1960 – Paula Yates, British television presenter (d. 2000)
1961 - Andrew Murrison, English physician and politician
1962 – Stuart Pearce, English footballer and manager
1962 – Steve Roach, Australian rugby player
1963 – Billy Gould, American musician (Faith No More)
1964 1976
1964 – Cedric the Entertainer, American comedian and actor
1964 – Djimon Hounsou, Benin-born actor
1966 – Alessandro Costacurta, Italian footballer
1967 – Omar Vizquel, Venezuelan baseball player
1968 – Stacy Haiduk, American actress
1968 – Hashim Thaci, Kosovan politician
1968 - Yuji Nakata, Japanese wrestler
1968 – Roxanna Panufnik, British composer
1969 - Eilidh Whiteford, Scottish politician
1971 – Mauro Pawlowski, Belgian guitarist and singer (Evil Superstars and dEUS)
1971 - Alejandro Fernández, Mexican singer
1972 – Chipper Jones, American baseball player
1972 – Jure Košir, Slovenian skier
1972 – Rab Douglas, Scottish footballer
1972 - Adhemar Ferreira de Camargo Neto, Brazilian footballer
1973 – Sachin Tendulkar, Indian cricketer
1973 – Lee Westwood, British golfer
1973 – Gabby Logan, British television presenter
1973 - Eric Snow, American basketball player
1974 – Comedy Dave, British television and radio host
1974 – Joseph Bruce, American rapper (Insane Clown Posse)
1974 – Stephen Wiltshire, British artist
1975 – Sam Doumit, American actress
1975 - Sophie Grégoire Trudeau, wife of Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau
1976 – Steve Finnan, Irish footballer
From 1977
1977 – Carlos Beltran, Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player
1977 – Siarhiej Bałachonaŭ, Belarusian writer
1978 – Eric Balfour, American actor
1980 – Austin Nichols, American actor
1980 – Karen Asrian, Armenian chess player (d. 2008)
1980 - Fernando Arce, Mexican footballer
1981 - Taylor Dent, American tennis player
1982 – Kelly Clarkson, American singer
1982 – Shayna Nackoney, Canadian synchronized swimmer
1984 – Tyson Ritter, American singer and bassist (All-American Rejects)
1985 - Joséphine Jobert, French actress and singer
1985 – Kaori Nazuka, Japanese voice actress
1986 - Kellin Quinn, American singer
1987 - Simone Corsi, Italian motorcycle racer
1987 - Ben Howard, British singer-songwriter
1987 - Jan Vertonghen, Belgian footballer
1989 - David Boudia, American diver
1992 - Laura Kenny, English cyclist
1992 - Doc Shaw, American actor, singer, rapper and model
1993 - Laura Gil, American basketball player
1996 - Ashleigh Barty, Australian tennis player
1997 - Lydia Ko, New Zealand golfer
1998 – Ryan Newman, American actress
2005 – Snuppy, cloned dog
Deaths
Up to 1900
624 - Mellitus, Archbishop of Canterbury
709 - Wilfrid, English archbishop and saint
1185 - Emperor Antoku of Japan (b. 1178)
1342 – Pope Benedict XII (b. 1285)
1479 - Jorge Manrique, Spanish poet (b. 1440)
1617 - Concino Concini, Italian-French politician (b. 1575)
1622 - Fidelis Sigmaringen, German friar and saint (b. 1577)
1656 - Thomas Fincke, Danish mathematician and physicist (b. 1561)
1678 - Louis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, German aristocrat (b. 1630)
1731 – Daniel Defoe, English writer (b. 1660)
1748 - Anton thor Helle, German-Estonian clergyman and translator (b. 1683)
1794 - Axel von Fersen the Elder, Swedish statesman and soldier (b. 1719)
1852 – Vasily Zhukovsky, Russian poet (b. 1783)
1852 - Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden (b. 1790)
1884 - Marie Taglioni, Swedish dancer (b. 1804)
1891 - Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, Prussian field marshal (b. 1800)
1900 - George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll, Scottish politician (b. 1823)
1901 2000
1901 - Arvid Posse, Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1820)
1924 - G. Stanley Hall, American psychologist and educator (b. 1844)
1926 - Sunjong of the Korean Empire (b. 1874)
1931 - David Kldiashvili, Georgian writer (b. 1862)
1938 - George Gray Barnard, American sculptor (b. 1863)
1939 – Louis Trousselier, French cyclist (b. 1881)
1941 - Karin Boye, Swedish writer (b. 1900)
1942 - Lucy Maud Montgomery, Canadian novelist (b. 1874)
1942 - Leonid Kulik, Russian scientist (b. 1882)
1947 - Willa Cather, American writer (b. 1878)
1960 – Max von Laue, German physicist (b. 1897)
1962 - Emilio Prados, Spanish poet (b. 1899)
1964 – Gerhard Domagk, German doctor, won the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1895)
1965 - Louise Dresser, American actress (b. 1878)
1967 – Vladimir Komarov, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1927)
1968 - Walter Tewksbury, American athlete (b. 1876)
1974 - Franz Jonas, President of Austria (b. 1899)
1974 – Bud Abbott, American actor and comedian (b. 1895)
1980 - Alejo Carpentier, Cuban writer (b. 1904)
1982 - Ville Ritola, Finnish runner (b. 1896)
1983 – Rolf Stommelen, German racing driver (b. 1943)
1986 – Wallis Simpson, wife of the former King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom (b. 1896)
1993 – Oliver Tambo, South African politician (b. 1917)
1993 - Tran Duc Thao, Vietnamese philosopher (b. 1917)
1996 - Donald Cammell, Scottish film director (b. 1934)
1997 - Pat Paulsen, American comedian and politician (b. 1927)
From 2001
2004 – Estée Lauder, American cosmetics entrepreneur (b. 1906)
2005 – Ezer Weizman, former President of Israel (b. 1924)
2011 – Sathya Sai Baba, Indian spiritual leader (b. 1926)
2011 - Marie-France Pisier, French actress (b. 1944)
2014 - Tadeusz Rozewicz, Polish poet, dramatist and writer (b. 1921)
2014 - Sandy Jardine, Scottish footballer (b. 1948)
2014 - Ricardo Bauleo, Argentine actor (b. 1946)
2014 - Hans Hollein, Austrian architect and designer (b. 1934)
2014 - Arturo Licata, Sicilian supercentenarian and oldest-living man (b. 1902)
2014 - Konstantin Orbelyan, Armenian pianist and composer (b. 1928)
2014 - Shobha Nagi Reddy, Indian politician (b. 1968)
2015 - Wladyslaw Bartoszewski, Polish politician, writer and Holocaust survivor (b. 1922)
2015 - Sid Tepper, American songwriter (b. 1918)
2015 - George C. Young, American lawyer and judge (b. 1916)
2015 - Rustum Ghazaleh, Syrian military officer (b. 1953)
2015 - Ismail Hussain, Indian politician (b. 1950)
2015 - Ken Birch, British footballer (b. 1933)
2015 - Valentine Lamb, British journalist (b. 1939)
2015 - Sabeen Mahmud, Pakistani human rights activist (b. 1974)
2016 - Nina Arkhipova, Russian actress (b. 1921)
2016 - Robert Dolan, American marine geologist (b. 1929)
2016 - Manuel de la Torre, American golf instructor (b. 1921)
2016 - Walter Jackson Freeman III, American biologist, neuroscientist and philosopher (b. 1927)
2016 - Tommy Kono, American weightlifter (b. 1930)
2016 - Thinle Lhondup, Nepalese actor (b. 1944)
2016 - Benjamin Manglona, Northern Marianas politician (b. 1938)
2016 - Billy Paul, American singer (b. 1934)
2016 - Klaus Siebert, German biathlete and coach (b. 1955)
2016 - Papa Wemba, Congolese singer and musician (b. 1949)
2017 - Benjamin Barber, American political theorist and author (b. 1939)
2017 - Robert M. Pirsig, American writer and philosopher (b. 1928)
2017 - Agnes Giebel, German soprano (b. 1921)
2017 - Don Gordon, American actor (b. 1926)
2017 - Nicholas Sand, American chemist (b. 1941)
2017 - Ken Sears, American basketball player (b. 1933)
2018 - Dinu C. Giurescu, Romanian historian and politician (b. 1927)
2018 - Paul Gray, Australian singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1963)
2018 - Henri Michel, French footballer and coach (b. 1947)
2018 - Hariton Pushwagner, Norwegian artist (b. 1940)
2019 - Martin Kilson, American political scientist (b. 1931)
2019 - Jean-Pierre Marielle, French actor (b. 1932)
2019 - Sergey Pogorelov, Russian handball player (b. 1974)
2019 - Dick Rivers, French singer (b. 1945)
Observances
Democracy Day (Nepal)
Genocide Day (Armenia)
Republic Day (The Gambia)
Latest date for Holy Saturday
Second-latest date for Easter, last occurred on this date in 2011
Days of the year |
9881 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2027 | April 27 |
Events
Up to 1900
33 BC - Lucius Marcius Philippus, step-brother of future Roman Emperor Augustus, celebrates a triumph for his victories while serving as Governor in one of the Provinces of Hispania.
711 - Islamic Conquest of Hispania: Moorish troops led by Tariq ibn Ziyad land at Gibraltar to begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus).
1296 – First Scottish War of Independence: John Balliol's Scottish army is defeated by an English army commanded by John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey at the Battle of Dunbar.
1521 – Ferdinand Magellan is killed in the Philippines.
1522 - Combined forces of Spain and the Papal States defeat a French and Venetian army at the Battle of Bicocca.
1539 – Re-founding of Bogota, in present-day Colombia.
1565 – Cebu is established as the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines.
1749 – First performance of George Frideric Handel's Music of the Fireworks in Green Park, London.
1777 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Ridgefield - A British invasion force engages and defeats Continental Army regulars and militia irregulars at Ridgefield, Connecticut.
1810 - Ludwig van Beethoven composes the musical piece Für Elise.
1813 - War of 1812: US troops capture the capital city of Upper Canada in the Battle of York (present-day Toronto).
1840 – The foundation stone is laid for the new Palace of Westminster.
1865 – The SS Sultana steamboat explodes and sinks on the Mississippi River, killing 1,700 people.
1901 2000
1904 – Chris Watson becomes Prime Minister of Australia.
1908 - The 1908 Summer Olympics in London begin.
1909 – Ottoman Empire Sultan Abdul Hamid II is overthrown by his brother Mehmed V.
1914 – Honduras becomes a signatory of the Buenos Aires Convention.
1927 – The Carabineros de Chile, the national police and gendarmerie of Chile, is created.
1936 - United Auto Workers gains autonomy from the American Federation of Labor.
1941 – World War II: German troops enter Athens.
1945 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is arrested by Italian partisans.
1945 - World War II: German troops are expelled from Finnish Lapland.
1950 - Apartheid: in South Africa, the Group Areas Act is passed, formally segregating (separating) Black people from White people.
1950 - The United Kingdom officially recognizes the state of Israel.
1960 – Togo becomes independent from France.
1961 – Sierra Leone becomes independent from the UK.
1967 - The Expo 67, a trade fair, begins in Montreal, Canada.
1974 - 10,000 people march in Washington, DC, calling for the impeachment for Richard Nixon.
1977 - 28 people are killed in the Guatemala City air disaster.
1981 - Xerox PARC introduces the computer mouse.
1987 – The US Department of Justice bars Austrian President Kurt Waldheim from entering the United States over revelations of possible war crimes committed by him during World War II.
1992 – The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is created, consisting of Serbia and Montenegro.
1992 – Russia and 12 former Soviet Republics join the International Monetary Fund.
1992 – Betty Boothroyd becomes the first female Speaker of the British House of Commons.
1993 – Several members of the Zambia national football team are killed in a plane crash near Libreville, Gabon.
1994 – South Africa holds its first free and equal elections, with Nelson Mandela being elected President.
1996 - The 1996 Lebanon war ends.
1999 - Abdelaziz Bouteflika becomes President of Algeria.
From 2001
2005 – The Superjumbo aircraft Airbus A380 makes its first flight in France.
2006 – Construction begins on the Freedom Tower in New York City.
2007 – The Bronze Soldier Soviet war memorial in Tallinn is removed by Estonian authorities, amidst tensions with Russia.
2009 – The United Kingdom announces its first cases of the 2009 Swine flu outbreak.
2011 - A tornado outbreak kills hundreds of people in the Southeastern United States.
2014 - Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul II are declared saints.
2018 - South Korean President Moon Jae-in and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un meet for talks.
Births
Up to 1900
85 BC - Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus, Roman politician and general (d. 43 BC)
1623 - Johann Adam Reinken, German organist and composer (d. 1722)
1650 – Charlotte-Amalie of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1714)
1676 – King Frederick I of Sweden (d. 1751)
1701 – Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia (d. 1773)
1724 - Thomas Gardner, American politician and soldier (d. 1755)
1755 - Marc-Antoine Parseval, French mathematician (d. 1836)
1759 – Mary Wollstonecraft, English writer and feminist (d. 1797)
1770 - Edward Codrington, English admiral (d. 1851)
1788 - Charles Robert Cockerell, English architect, archaeologist and writer (d. 1863)
1791 – Samuel Morse, American inventor (d. 1872)
1802 - Louis Niedermeyer, French-Swiss composer and teacher (d. 1861)
1806 – Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (d. 1878)
1820 – Herbert Spencer, English philosopher (d. 1908)
1822 – Ulysses S. Grant, 18th President of the United States (d. 1885)
1840 – Edward Whymper, English mountaineer (d. 1911)
1848 – Otto I of Bavaria (d. 1916)
1853 - Jules Lemaitre, French critic and dramatist (d. 1914)
1856 – Tongzhi Emperor of China (d. 1875)
1857 - Theodor Kittelsen, Norwegian artist (d. 1914)
1860 – Frank Winkelmeier, Austrian, tallest man at the time of his death (d. 1887)
1862 - Rudolph Schildkraut, Turkish-American actor (d. 1930)
1866 - Marcel Raoul-Duval, French polo player (d. 1916)
1875 – Maurice de Broglie, French physicist (d. 1960)
1878 - John Rimmer, British athlete (d. 1962)
1878 - Frank Gotch, American wrestler (d. 1917)
1880 - Mihkel Lüdig, Estonian organist, composer and conductor (d. 1958)
1882 - Jessie Redmon Fauset, American author and poet (d. 1961)
1887 - Warren Wood, American golfer (d. 1926)
1888 - Florence La Badie, Canadian actress (d. 1917)
1892 - Albert Rudomine, French photographer (d. 1975)
1893 - Allen Sothoron, American baseball player, coach and manager (d. 1939)
1893 - Prince Paul of Yugoslavia (d. 1976)
1894 - Nicolas Slonimsky, Russian composer, conductor, musician, critic and writer (d. 1995)
1894 – George Petty, American artist (d. 1975)
1896 - William Hudson, Australian engineer (d. 1978)
1896 - Wallace Carothers, American chemist (d. 1937)
1898 - Ludwig Bemelmans, Italian-American author and illustrator (d. 1962)
1899 – Walter Lantz, American cartoonist (d. 1994)
1901 1950
1902 - Tiemoko Garan Kouyaté, Malian educator and activist (d. 1942)
1903 - Horace Stoneham, American businessman (d. 1990)
1904 – Cecil Day-Lewis, Irish poet and writer (d. 1972)
1904 - Nikos Zachariadis, Greek politician (d. 1973)
1905 - John Huck, American javelin thrower and shot putter (d. 1986)
1909 - Guillermo León Valencia, President of Colombia (d. 1971)
1910 – Chiang Ching-kuo, Chinese-Taiwanese politician (d. 1988)
1911 - Chris Berger, Dutch sprinter (d. 1965)
1912 - Zohra Sehgal, Indian actress, dancer and choreographer (d. 2014)
1912 - Jacques de Bourbon Busset, French novelist, essayist and politician (d. 2001)
1913 - Luz Long, German long jumper (d. 1943)
1918 - Sten Rudholm, Swedish jurist (d. 2008)
1920 - Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (d. 1956)
1920 – Edwin Morgan, Scottish poet (d. 2010)
1921 - Robert Dhéry, French actor, director and screenwriter (d. 2004)
1922 - Martin Gray, Polish Holocaust survivor and writer (d. 2016)
1922 - Jack Klugman, American actor (d. 2012)
1926 - Tim LaHaye, American minister, author and speaker (d. 2016)
1927 – Coretta Scott King, American Civil Rights activist (d. 2006)
1927 - Sheila Scott, English aviator (d. 1988)
1929 - Nina Ponomaryova, Russian athlete (d. 2016)
1931 – Igor Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist
1931 - Krzysztof Komeda, Polish jazz pianist (d. 1969)
1932 – Anouk Aimée, French actress
1932 – Casey Kasem, American radio show host and voice actor (d. 2014)
1932 - Derek Minter, English motorcycle racer (d. 2014)
1932 – Pik Botha, South African politician (d. 2018)
1932 - Chuck Knox, American football coach (d. 2018)
1932 - Gian-Carlo Rota, Italian mathematician and philosopher (d. 1999)
1939 - Stanislaw Dziwisz, Polish cardinal
1939 - Jerry Mercer, Canadian drummer
1939 - Joao Bernardo Vieira, President of Guinea-Bissau (d. 2009)
1941 - Fethullah Gülen, Turkish politician and religious leader
1942 - Valeri Polyakov, Soviet-Russian cosmonaut
1943 - Ryszard Bugajski, Polish film director (d. 2019)
1944 – Michael Fish, English weather presenter
1944 – Cuba Gooding, Sr., American singer (d. 2017)
1944 - Stoker Cavendish, 12th Duke of Devonshire, English academic and politician
1947 - Nick Greiner, Hungarian-Australian politician, 37th Premier of New South Wales
1947 - Pete Ham, Welsh singer-songwriter and musician (d. 1975)
1947 - Ann Peebles, American singer-songwriter
1948 – Josef Hickersberger, Austrian footballer and coach
1948 - Frank Abagnale, American security consultant and trickster
1949 - Jean Asselborn, Luxembourgish politician
1950 – Paolo Pulici, Italian footballer
1951 1975
1951 – Ace Frehley, American musician
1951 - Viviane Reding, Luxembourgish journalist and politician
1952 – Ari Vatanen, Finnish rally driver
1953 - Arielle Dombasle, French-American actress and singer
1954 – Frank Bainimarama, Fijian politician
1954 – Herman Edwards, American football manager
1954 - John Cygan, American actor (d. 2017)
1955 - Eric Schmidt, American entrepreneur, former CEO of Google
1956 - Bridget Kendall, English journalist
1957 - Adrian Utley, English musician
1959 - Andrew Fire, American Nobel Prize-winning biologist
1959 – Sheena Easton, Scottish singer
1959 – Jim Duffy, Scottish footballer and coach
1961 - Moana Pozzi, Italian pornographic actress, television personality, model, politician and writer (d. 1994)
1961 - Andrew Schlafly, American conservative lawyer and activist
1962 - Edvard Moser, Norwegian neurologist, 2014 Nobel Prize winner
1963 – Russell T Davies, Welsh television writer
1965 - Anna Chancellor, English actress
1966 - Yoshihiro Togashi, Japanese manga artist
1967 – King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands
1967 - Tommy Smith, Scottish saxophonist, composer and educator
1968 - Cristian Mungiu, Romanian filmmaker
1969 – Darcey Bussell, English ballerina
1969 – Mica Paris, English singer
1969 – Tess Daly, English television presenter
1969 - Cory Booker, American politician
1971 - Olari Elts, Estonian conductor
From 1976
1976 - Sally Hawkins, English actress
1976 - Isobel Campbell, Scottish singer-songwriter and cellist
1976 - Walter Pandiani, Uruguayan footballer
1976 - Faisal Saif, Indian director, screenwriter and critic
1976 - Olaf Tufte, Norwegian rower
1978 - Jim James, American singer, songwriter and guitarist (My Morning Jacket)
1980 – Christian Lara, Ecuadorean footballer
1981 – Patrik Gerrbrand, Swedish footballer
1981 - Fabrizio Faniello, Maltese singer-songwriter
1982 - Nicole Hosp, Austrian politician
1983 - Ari Gaynor, American actress
1984 – Patrick Stump, American musician
1984 - Pierre-Marc Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player
1984 - Hannes Thór Halldórsson, Icelandic footballer and filmmaker
1986 - Jenna Coleman, British actress
1986 – Dinara Safina, Russian tennis player
1986 – Elena Risteska, Macedonian singer
1987 - William Moseley, English actor
1988 - Semyon Varlamov, Russian ice hockey player
1989 – Lars Bender, German footballer
1989 – Sven Bender, German footballer
1989 - Emily Rios, American actress and model
1990 - Robin Bengtsson, Swedish singer
1990 - Martin Kelly, English footballer
1991 - Lara Gut, Swiss skier
1992 – Allison Iraheta, American actress
1995 - Nick Kyrgios, Australian tennis player
Deaths
Up to 1900
630 – Ardashir III of Persia
1272 – Zita, Italian saint (b. 1212)
1404 – Philip II, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1342)
1463 – Isidore of Kiev (b. 1385)
1521 – Ferdinand Magellan, Portuguese explorer (b. 1480)
1605 – Pope Leo XI (b. 1535)
1613 - Robert Abercromby, Scottish priest and missionary (b. 1532)
1656 - Jan van Goyen, Dutch painter (b. 1596)
1694 - John George IV, Elector of Saxony (b. 1668)
1794 - James Bruce, Scottish traveller and travel writer (b. 1730)
1813 - Zebulon Pike, American general and explorer (b. 1779)
1818 - Christopher Greenup, 3rd Governor of Kentucky (b. 1750)
1882 – Ralph Waldo Emerson, American essayist (b. 1803)
1896 - Henry Parkes, English statesman and politician (b. 1815)
1901 2000
1915 – Alexander Scriabin, Russian composer (b. 1872)
1932 - Hart Crane, American poet (b. 1899)
1937 – Antonio Gramsci, Italian Communist writer and politician (b. 1891)
1952 – Guido Castelnuovo, Italian mathematician (b. 1865)
1962 - A. K. Fazlul, Bengali statesman (b. 1883)
1965 - Edward R. Murrow, American journalist (b. 1908)
1969 – René Barrientos, President of Bolivia (b. 1919)
1972 – Kwame Nkrumah, 1st President of Ghana (b. 1909)
1977 - Stanley Adams, American actor (b. 1915)
1977 - Scott Bradley, American composer, pianist and conductor (b. 1891)
1979 - Celal Atik, Turkish sports wrestler and trainer (b. 1918)
1989 - Konosuke Matsushita, Japanese industrialist (b. 1894)
1991 – Robert Velter, French comic writer (b. 1909)
1992 - Olivier Messiaen, French organist and composer (b. 1908)
1996 - Gilles Grangier, French director and screenwriter (b. 1911)
1996 – William Colby, American CIA director (b. 1920)
1998 – Carlos Castaneda, Peruvian writer (b. 1925)
2000 - Vicki Sue Robinson, American actress and singer (b. 1954)
From 2001
2002 – Ruth Handler, American businesswoman and inventor of the Barbie doll (b. 1916)
2002 - Baron Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza, Dutch-Swiss businessman (b. 1921)
2006 - Julia Thorne, American writer (b. 1944)
2007 – Mstislav Rostropovich, Russian cellist and conductor (b. 1927)
2009 - Feroz Khan, Indian actor (b. 1939)
2013 - Aloysius Jin Luxian, Chinese bishop (b. 1916)
2014 - Yigal Arnon, Israeli lawyer (b. 1929)
2014 - Vujadin Boskov, Serbian footballer, coach and manager (b. 1931)
2014 - Harry Firth, Australian racing driver (b. 1918)
2014 - Andréa Parisy, French actress (b. 1935)
2015 - Andrew Lesnie, Australian cinematographer (b. 1956)
2015 - Verne Gagne, American professional wrestler and football player (b. 1926)
2015 - Suzanne Crough, American actress (b. 1963)
2015 - Gene Fullmer, American boxer (b. 1931)
2015 - Guy LeBlanc, Canadian keyboardist (b. 1960)
2015 - Marty Napoleon, American jazz pianist (b. 1921)
2016 - Toms, Indian cartoonist (b. 1929)
2017 - Peter George, Canadian academic (b. 1941)
2017 - Vinod Khanna, Indian actor (b. 1946)
2017 - Vinu Chakravarthy, Indian actor (b. 1945)
2017 - Julius Youngner, American virologist (b. 1920)
2018 - Paul Junger Witt, American film and television producer (b. 1941)
2018 - Roy Young, English singer and pianist (b. 1937)
2018 - Earl Balfour, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1933)
2018 - Michael Luscombe, Australian chief executive (b. 1953)
2018 - Kristin Nelson, American actress, painter and author (b. 1945)
2019 - Aleksey Lebed, Russian military officer and politician (b. 1955)
2019 - Negasso Gidada, President of Ethiopia (b. 1943)
2019 - Bart Chilton, American civil servant (b. 1960)
Observances
Independence Day in Togo (1960) and Sierra Leone (1961)
Freedom Day in South Africa
World Tapir Day
King's Day in the Netherlands from 2014 (to be observed on April 26 when the 27th is a Sunday, including in 2014 itself)
Days of the year |
9882 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2018 | April 18 |
Events
Up to 1900
1506 – The cornerstone for the present Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome is laid.
1518 - Bona Sforza is crowned Queen of Poland.
1521 - The trial of Martin Luther begins its second day during the assembly of the Diet of Worms.
1689 - Bostonians rise up in rebellion against Sir Edmund Andros.
1738 – Madrid's Royal Academy of History is founded.
1775 – American Revolution: Paul Revere's ride, to warn the countryside of troop movements.
1797 – France defeats Austria in the Battle of Neuwied.
1807 - A ferry capsizes in the port of Harwich, Essex, England, killing between 60 and 90 people.
1831 – The University of Alabama is founded.
1848 - An American victory at the Battle of Cerro Gordo opens the way for the invasion of Mexico in the Mexican-American War.
1880 – A tornado in Marshfield, Missouri, kills 99 people.
1881 – Billy the Kid escapes from Lincoln County jail in Mesilla, New Mexico.
1888 - British passenger steamer State of Florida sinks in the North Atlantic Ocean after a collision with a sailing ship, killing 130 people.
1897 – The Greco-Turkish War is declared.
1901 2000
1902 – Quetzaltenango, Guatemala is destroyed by an earthquake.
1906 – 1906 San Francisco earthquake: San Francisco, California is largely destroyed by a major earthquake, and subsequent fires. Estimates suggest that 3,000 people have died, some of them after Mayor Eugene Schmitz orders a shoot-to-kill policy against looters. Operatic tenor Enrico Caruso, who was in the city at the time, fled, never to return.
1909 - Joan of Arc is beatified in Rome.
1912 - Cunard liner RMS Carpathia brings 705 survivors from the RMS Titanic sinking to New York City.
1915 - French pilot Roland Garros is shot down and glides to a landing on the German side of the lines during World War I.
1923 – The Yankee Stadium opens in New York City.
1924 - Simon & Schuster publishes the first crossword puzzle book.
1930 - BBC Radio announces that there is no news for that day.
1941 - Vichy France announces its withdrawal from the League of Nations.
1942 – Pierre Laval becomes Prime Minister of Vichy France.
1945 – World War II: 1,000 bombers attack the island of Heligoland in the North Sea.
1946 – The International Court of Justice meets for the first time in The Hague.
1954 – Gamal Abdel Nasser takes power in Egypt.
1955 – World-famous physicist Albert Einstein dies aged 76.
1955 - Representatives of 29 nations meet in Bandung, Indonesia, for the first Asian-African Conference.
1958 - A US Federal Court rules that controversial poet Ezra Pound can be released from an insane asylum.
1974 - Prime Minister of Pakistan Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto opens Lahore's Dry Port.
1980 – The Republic of Zimbabwe becomes independent from the UK, with Canaan Banana as its first President. Robert Mugabe becomes Prime Minister, assuming the presidency in 1987.
1981 – The longest-ever game of professional baseball begins in Pawtucket, Rhode Island.
1983 – The US Embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, is hit by a suicide bomber, killing 63 people.
1988 - The United States launches Operation Praying Mantis against Iranian forces in the Iran-Iraq War.
1992 – General Abdul Rashid Dostum revolts against President Mohammed Najibullah in Afghanistan.
1996 – At least 106 civilians in Lebanon are killed when Israeli Defense Forces shell a UN compound in Qana.
1996 - Islamic fundamentalists carry out a terror attack on a hotel in Cairo, killing 18 Greek tourists, who they mistook for Israelis.
From 2001
2002 – A light aircraft crashes into the Pirelli building in Milan.
2002 – Thor Heyerdahl, who became world-famous for his Kon-Tiki expedition, dies at the age of 87.
2004 – Spain's Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero orders the withdrawal of Spanish troops from Iraq.
2005 - Start of the Conclave to elect a successor to Pope John Paul II; Joseph Alois Ratzinger is chosen the next day and becomes Pope Benedict XVI.
2007 – 198 people are killed in a series of bombings across Baghdad.
2007 - UEFA Euro 2012 is announced as being hosted jointly by Poland and Ukraine.
2008 - Cricket: The first season of the Indian Premier League begins.
2013 - A suicide bombing at a café in Baghdad kills 27 people and injures 63.
2014 - An avalanche on Mount Everest kills 12 people.
2015 - A terrorist attack in the city of Jalalabad, Afghanistan, kills at least 33 people.
2017 - Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Theresa May calls for an early general election for June 8.
2018 - Saudi Arabia's cinemas open for the first time since 1983.
2018 - NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite is launched.
2019 - Northern Irish journalist Lyra McKee is shot and killed during rioting in the city of Londonderry.
Births
Up to 1900
359 - Gratian, Roman Emperor (d. 383)
1115 - Gertrud of Süpplingenburg, Saxon noblewoman (d. 1143)
1480 – Lucrezia Borgia, Florentine ruler (d. 1519)
1580 - Thomas Middleton, English dramatist (d. 1621)
1590 – Ahmed I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1617)
1605 – Giacomo Carissimi, Italian composer (d. 1674)
1647 - Elias Brenner, Finnish-Swedish artist (d. 1717)
1772 - David Ricardo, English political economist (d. 1823)
1782 - Georg August Goldfuss, German palaeontologist and zoologist (d. 1848)
1797 - Adolphe Thiers, 2nd President of France (d. 1877)
1813 - James McCune Smith, American physician and author (d. 1865)
1819 – Carlos Cespedes, Cuban revolutionary (d. 1874)
1838 - Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, French chemist (d. 1912)
1857 – Clarence Darrow, American lawyer (d. 1938)
1857 - Alexander Shirvanzade, Armenian playwright and novelist (d. 1935)
1858 – Dhondo Keshav Karve, Indian social reformer (d. 1962)
1858 – Alexander Shirvanzade, Armenian playwright and novelist (d. 1935)
1863 – Leopold Graf Berchtold, Austrian-Hungarian foreign minister (d. 1942)
1863 - Linton Hope, English architect and sailor (d. 1920)
1864 – Richard Harding Davis, American writer (d. 1916)
1874 – Oskar Ernst Bernhardt, German writer (d. 1941)
1877 - Vicente Sotto, Filipino patriot and writer (d. 1950)
1879 - Korneli Kekelidze, Georgian philologist (d. 1962)
1880 - Sam Crawford, American baseball player, coach and umpire (d. 1968)
1882 - Leopold Stokowski, Polish conductor (d. 1977)
1882 – Isaac Babalola Akinyele, Nigerian ruler and writer (d. 1964)
1884 - Jaan Anvelt, Estonian Communist revolutionary and writer (d. 1937)
1889 - Jessie Street, American activist (d. 1970)
1890 - Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia, Russian royal (d. 1958)
1893 - Violette Morris, French shot putter and discus thrower (d. 1944)
1896 - Ha Hye-sok, Korean poet, feminist, writer, painter, educator and journalist (d. 1948)
1897 – Ardito Desio, Italian topographer (d. 2001)
1897 - Per-Erik Hedlund, Swedish cross-country skier (d. 1975)
1901 1950
1901 – Al Lewis, American lyricist (d. 1967)
1901 – Elene Akhvlediani, Georgian artist (d. 1975)
1902 – Giuseppe Pella, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1981)
1905 – George H. Hitchings, American scientist (d. 1998)
1907 – Miklos Rozsa, Hungarian composer (d. 1995)
1911 – Maurice Goldhaber, Austrian-American physicist (d. 2011)
1914 - Claire Martin, Canadian writer (d. 2014)
1917 – Frederika of Hanover, Queen Consort of Greece (d. 1981)
1918 – Gabriel Axel, Danish movie director, screenwriter and actor (d. 2014)
1918 - Harry Firth, Australian racing driver (d. 2014)
1918 - Shinobu Hashimoto, Japanese screenwriter (d. 2018)
1918 - André Bazin, French critic and theorist (d. 1958)
1919 - Vondell Darr, American actress (d. 2012)
1921 - Jean Richard, French actor (d. 2001)
1922 - Barbara Hale, American actress (d. 2017)
1924 - Clarence Gatemouth Brown, American blues guitarist (d. 2005)
1924 - Roy Mason, British politician (d. 2015)
1925 - Bob Hastings, American actor (d. 2014)
1926 - Harry Volkman, American meteorologist (d. 2015)
1927 – Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Polish writer, journalist and politician (d. 2013)
1927 - Charles Pasqua, French politician (d. 2015)
1927 – Samuel P. Huntington, American political scientist (d. 2008)
1928 - Otto Piene, German artist (d. 2014)
1928 - Karl Josef Becker, German theologian and cardinal (d. 2015)
1929 - Mario Francesco Pompedda, Italian cardinal (d. 2006)
1930 - Jean Guillou, French composer and organist
1931 - Klas Lestander, Swedish biathlete
1933 - Enrico Crispolti, Italian art critic, curator and art historian (d. 2018)
1934 – James Drury, American actor
1934 - Pedro Tenorio, Governor of the Northern Marianas (d. 2018)
1936 - Tarcisio Gitti, Italian politician (d. 2018)
1937 – Jan Kaplicky, Czech-British architect (d. 2009)
1937 - Teddy Taylor, British politician (d. 2017)
1940 – Joseph L. Goldstein, American scientist
1940 – Mike Vickers, British musician and composer
1940 - Ira von Fürstenberg, Italian socialite, actress and jewellery designer
1941 – Michael D. Higgins, 9th President of Ireland
1942 – Jochen Rindt, Austrian racecar driver (d. 1970)
1943 - Zeki Alasya, Turkish actor and director (d. 2015)
1944 - Albin Planinc, Yugoslavian chess player (d. 2008)
1944 – Robert Hanssen, American double agent
1944 - Frances D'Souza, Baroness D'Souza, English academic and politician
1945 – Margaret Hassan, Irish aid worker (d. 2004)
1946 - Hayley Mills, British actress
1946 - Irene Fernandez, Malaysian activist (d. 2014)
1946 - Janet Kagan, American writer (d. 2008)
1947 – Jerzy Stuhr, Polish actor and director
1947 – Moses Blah, Liberian politician (d. 2013)
1947 – Cindy Pickett, American actress
1947 – James Woods, American actor
1947 - Herbert Mullin, American serial killer
1950 - Kenny Ortega, American director, producer and choreographer
1951 1975
1953 - Rick Moranis, Canadian-American actor, singer and screenwriter
1956 – Eric Roberts, American actor
1956 - Melody Thomas Scott, American actress
1956 - Roberto Calderoli, Italian politician
1958 - Malcolm Marshall, Barbadian cricketer
1959 - Frank Mulholland, Scottish lawyer
1960 - Neo Rauch, German artist
1960 - J. Christopher Stevens, American diplomat (d. 2012)
1961 - Jane Leeves, British actress
1961 – Steve Lombardi, American professional wrestler
1963 – Eric McCormack, Canadian actor
1963 – Conan O'Brien, American comedian
1963 - Universo 2000, Mexican professional wrestler (d. 2018)
1964 – Niall Ferguson, British historian
1964 - Rithy Panh, Cambodian documentary moviemaker
1966 - Valeri Kamensky, Russian ice hockey player
1966 - Trine Hattestad, Norwegian javelin thrower
1966 - Camille Coduri, English actress
1967 – Maria Bello, American actress
1968 – David Hewlett, English-Canadian actor
1969 - Princess Sayako of Japan
1970 - Esther Schweins, German actress
1970 – Saad Hariri, Lebanese Prime Minister
1971 – Samantha Cameron, wife of David Cameron
1971 – David Tennant, Scottish actor
1971 – Oleg Petrov, Russian ice hockey player
1972 - Rosa Clemente, American journalist and activist
1972 - Eli Roth, American director
1972 - Lars Christiansen, Danish handball player
1973 – Haile Gebrselassie, Ethiopian runner
1973 - Arnaud Beltrame, French gendarme (d. 2018)
1974 - Mark Tremonti, American musician
1974 - Edgar Wright, English director and writer
From 1976
1976 – Melissa Joan Hart, American actress
1976 – Rodrigo de la Serna, Argentine actor
1976 – Sean Maguire, English actor
1977 – Hassan El Fakri, Norwegian footballer
1977 – Jonathan Rowson, Scottish chess player
1979 – Matthew Upson, English footballer
1979 – Kourtney Kardashian, American reality TV personality
1979 – Anthony Davidson, British racing driver
1980 – Rabiu Afolabi, Nigerian footballer
1980 – Carolina Crescentini, Italian actress
1980 – Robyn Regehr, Canadian ice hockey player
1981 – Milan Jovanovic, Serbian footballer
1982 – Simone Farina, Italian footballer
1983 – Miguel Cabrera, Venezuelan baseball player
1983 – Hernán Rengifo, Peruvian footballer
1984 – America Ferrera, American actress
1985 – Lukasz Fabianski, Polish footballer
1985 – Rachel Smith, American model
1986 – Maurice Edu, American soccer player
1986 – Mateusz Rutkowski, Polish ski jupmer
1987 – Danny Guthrie, English footballer
1987 – Rosie Huntington-Whiteley, British model and actress
1987 – Samantha Jade, Australian singer-songwriter
1987 – Cara Maria Wayans, American actress
1988 – Anagabriela Espinoza, Mexican model
1989 – Hannah Wang, Australian actress
1989 – Jessica, Korean-American actress, model and singer (Girls' Generation)
1990 – Wojciech Szczesny, Polish footballer
1990 – Britt Robertson, American actress
1992 – Chloe Bennet, American actress and singer
1993 – Nathan Sykes, British singer (The Wanted)
1995 – Divock Origi, Belgian footballer
1996 – Ski Mask the Slump God, American rapper and songwriter
2007 – Hayah bint Hamzah, Princess of Jordan
Deaths
Up to 1900
1143 - Gertrud of Süpplingenburg, Saxon noblewoman (b. 1115)
1161 – Theobald of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury
1556 – Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet (b. 1495)
1567 – Wilhelm von Grumbach, German adventurer (b. 1503)
1674 – John Graunt, English statistician (b. 1620)
1794 – Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1714)
1796 - Johan Wilcke, Swedish physicist (b. 1732)
1802 – Erasmus Darwin, English physician and botanist (b. 1731)
1832 - Jeanne-Elisabeth Chaudet, French painter (b. 1761)
1859 - Tatya Tope, Indian general (b. 1814)
1864 - Juris Alunans, Latvian philologist (b. 1832)
1873 – Justus von Liebig, German scientist (b. 1803)
1898 – Gustave Moreau, French painter (b. 1826)
1901 2000
1905 - Juan Valera, Spanish writer, diplomat and politician (b. 1824)
1906 - Luis Martín, Spanish Superior-General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1846)
1936 - Ottorino Respighi, Italian composer (b. 1879)
1941 - Alexandros Koryzis, Prime minister of Greece (b. 1885)
1942 – Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, American sculptor and art collector (b. 1875)
1943 – Isoroku Yamamoto, Japanese admiral (b. 1884)
1945 – John Ambrose Fleming, English physicist and engineer (b. 1849)
1945 – Ernie Pyle, American journalist (b. 1900)
1945 – William, Prince of Albania (b. 1876)
1947 – Jozef Tiso, Slovakian politician (b. 1887)
1949 – Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
1951 – Antonio Oscar Carmona, Portuguese politician (b. 1869)
1955 – Albert Einstein, German physicist and Nobel laureate (b. 1879)
1957 - Ben W. Hooper, 33rd Governor of Tennessee (b. 1870)
1958 – Maurice Gamelin, French general (b. 1872)
1964 - Ben Hecht, American director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1894)
1965 - Guillermo Gonzalez Camarena, Mexican inventor and engineer (b. 1917)
1974 – Marcel Pagnol, French writer and movie maker (b. 1895)
1976 - Mahmoud Younis, Egyptian engineer (b. 1911)
1988 - Pierre Desproges, French journalist, comedian and actor (b. 1939)
1991 - Gabriel Celaya, Spanish poet (b. 1911)
1992 - Frankie Howerd, English comedian and actor (b. 1917)
1993 - Masahiko Kimura, Japanese judoka (b. 1917)
1995 – Arturo Frondizi, President of Argentina (b. 1908)
1996 - Piet Hein, Danish scientist, mathematician and inventor (b. 1905)
1998 - Terry Sanford, 65th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1917)
From 2001
2002 – Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian explorer, ethnographer, zoologist and writer (b. 1914)
2004 – Kamisese Mara, first Prime Minister of Fiji (b. 1920)
2007 – Iccho Itoh, Japanese politician, Mayor of Nagasaki (b. 1945)
2008 - Germaine Tillion, French anthropologist (b. 1907)
2011 – Pietro Ferrero Jr., Italian businessman (b. 1963)
2011 – William Donald Schaefer, American politician (b. 1921)
2012 – Dick Clark, American radio and television host, and producer (b. 1929)
2013 - Storm Thorgerson, British graphic designer (b. 1944)
2014 - Dylan Tombides, Australian footballer (b. 1994)
2014 - Brian Priestman, British maestro and conductor (b. 1927)
2014 - Derek Cooper, British broadcaster and food naturalist (b. 1925)
2014 - Andrew Sessler, American physicist (b. 1928)
2015 - Mario Pirani, Italian journalist (b. 1925)
2015 - Erwin Waldner, German footballer (b. 1933)
2016 - Yuri Bychkov, Russian art historian (b. 1931)
2016 - Cox Habbema, Dutch actress (b. 1944)
2016 - Eva Henning, Swedish actress (b. 1920)
2016 - Sir John Leslie, 4th Baronet, Irish aristocrat and media personality (b. 1916)
2016 - Johan van Minnen, Dutch journalist and politician (b. 1932)
2017 - Yvonne Monlaur, French actress (b. 1939)
2017 - Jaak Panksepp, Estonian-American neuroscientist (b. 1943)
2018 - Luisa Pastor Lillo, Spanish politician (b. 1948)
2018 - Bruno Sammartino, Italian-American professional wrestler (b. 1935)
2018 - Henk Schouten, Dutch footballer (b. 1932)
2018 - Jeanne Wilson, American swimmer (b. 1926)
2018 - Dale Winton, English television presenter (b. 1955)
2019 - Jameel Jalibi, Pakistani linguist, writer and academic (b. 1929)
2019 - Con de Lange, South African-Scottish cricketer (b. 1981)
2019 - Lyra McKee, Northern Irish journalist (b. 1990)
2019 - Lorraine Warren, American paranormal investigator (b. 1927)
Observances
Independence Day (Zimbabwe)
Invention Day (Japan)
International Day of Monuments and Sites
Army Day (Iran)
Days of the year |
9883 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2019 | April 19 |
Events
Up to 1900
69 - Vitellius is accepted as Roman Emperor.
531 - Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at Ar-Raqaah, Syria.
1529 - Protestant Reformation: Second Diet of Speyer bans Lutheranism.
1587 - English seafarer Francis Drake attacks a Spanish fleet in Cadiz harbor.
1689 - Amalienborg castle in Denmark is destroyed by fire.
1770 - James Cook sights the East coast of Australia.
1770 – Marie Antoinette marries the future King Louis XVI of France.
1775 – The American Revolutionary War begins at Lexington, Massachusetts.
1782 – John Adams secures the Dutch Republic's recognition of the United States as an independent state.
1809 - An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn.
1810 - Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparan, Governor of the Captaincy General, is removed by the people of Caracas and a junta is installed.
1839 - The Treaty of London creates Belgium fully as a kingdom, also separating Luxembourg from Belgium.
1861 - American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861 - A Pro-Secession mob in Baltimore, Maryland, attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
1865 - The funeral of Abraham Lincoln takes place in the East Room of the White House in Washington, DC.
1882 – Charles Darwin dies aged 73.
1892 - Charles Duryea claims to have driven the first automobile across the United States.
1897 – The first Boston Marathon takes place.
1897 - Jiroemon Kimura, the oldest man ever, is born in Japan.
1901 2000
1902 - A magnitude 7.5 earthquake strikes Guatemala, killing 2,000 people.
1903 - The Kishinev pogrom begins in present-day Moldova, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Palestine and the Western World.
1904 – A fire in Toronto destroys 104 buildings.
1927 - Mae West is sentenced to ten days in prison for obscenity for her play Sex.
1943 – Holocaust: German troops enter the Warsaw Ghetto.
1945 – The Soviet Union and Guatemala establish diplomatic relations.
1948 – Burma joins the UN.
1950 - Argentina signs the Buenos Aires Convention.
1951 – Douglas MacArthur retires from the US military.
1954 - The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan recognizes Urdu and Bengali as the country's official languages.
1956 – Prince Rainier III of Monaco marries Hollywood actress Grace Kelly.
1960 - Students in South Korea hold a nationwide democracy protest against President Rhee Syng-man, who resigns a week later.
1971 – Sierra Leone becomes a Republic, with Siaka Stevens as President.
1971 - Launch of Salyut 1, the first space station.
1975 - India's first satellite, Aryabhata, is launched.
1984 - Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, and green and gold become the official national colors.
1985 - The Soviet Union carries out nuclear tests in eastern Kazakhstan.
1987 – The Simpsons premiere on the Tracey Ullman Show.
1989 – A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.
1993 – The 51-day siege at the Branch Davidian compound in Waco, Texas, ends as fire breaks out, killing 82 cult members, including David Koresh.
1993 - George S. Mickelson, Governor of South Dakota, is killed along with six others, when an airplane crashes in Iowa.
1995 – Timothy McVeigh carries out the Oklahoma City bombing, killing 169 people.
1997 - Grand Forks, South Dakota, is overwhelmed by flooding from the Red River.
1998 - Thomas Klestil is elected to a second term as President of Austria.
1999 – The German Bundestag moves its seat to Berlin.
2000 - A Philippine Airlines Boeing 737-200 crashes on landing at the island of Sanal in the Philippines, killing all 131 people on board.
From 2001
2005 – Joseph Alois Ratzinger is chosen to become Pope. He chooses to be known as Pope Benedict XVI.
2011 – Fidel Castro resigns from the Communist Party of Cuba's central committee, after 45 years.
2013 - Jiroemon Kimura becomes the first man to reach the age of 116 years. He is the oldest man ever; the oldest-ever person is Jeanne Calment, who lived to 122.
2013 - Aftermath of 2013 Boston Marathon bombings: A police officer is shot dead in the early hours of the morning, before one of the suspects is killed in shoot-out with police, after which a lock-down is enforced in Boston. The second suspect is later arrested after a stand-off in the Watertown area of Greater Boston.
2013 - Nicolas Maduro becomes President of Venezuela. He had already served in a caretaker capacity after the death of Hugo Chávez on March 5.
2015 - A migrant boat sinks off the southern Italian island of Lampedusa, killing an estimated 700 people, making this the deadliest such tragedy in the Mediterranean Sea to date.
2018 - Miguel Diaz-Canel is chosen to succeed Raul Castro as President of Cuba.
2018 - Mswati III of Swaziland, on his 50th birthday, announces a change to the country's official name from "Kingdom of Swaziland" to "Kingdom of eSwatini".
Births
Up to 1800
1320 – King Peter I of Portugal (d. 1367)
1452 – King Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1504)
1603 – Michel le Tellier, French statesman (d. 1685)
1605 - Antonio Bertali, Italian composer and violinist (d. 1669)
1613 - Christoph Bach, grandfather of Johann Sebastian Bach (d. 1661)
1658 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine (d. 1716)
1665 – Jacques Lelong, French bibliographer (d. 1721)
1686 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian statesman (d. 1750)
1721 – Roger Sherman, signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence (d. 1793)
1721 – Thomas McKean, signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence (d. 1817)
1759 - August Wilhelm Iffland, German actor and dramatist (d. 1814)
1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French composer (d. 1858)
1791 - William Orlando Butler, American politician (d. 1880)
1793 – Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
1801 1900
1832 – José Echegaray y Eizaguirre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize winner (d. 1916)
1847 - Eva Gonzales, French painter (d. 1883)
1874 – Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
1877 - Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American inventor (d. 1934)
1882 – Getúlio Vargas, President of Brazil (d. 1954)
1883 – Richard von Mises, Austrian mathematician (d. 1953)
1883 - Henry Jameson, American soccer player (d. 1938)
1892 – Germaine Tailleferre, French composer (d. 1983)
1894 - Elizabeth Dilling, American writer and activist (d. 1966)
1897 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
1897 – Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese supercentenarian, world's oldest man and oldest man ever (d. 2013)
1898 – Constance Talmadge, American actress (d. 1973)
1899 – George O'Brien, American actor (d. 1985)
1900 – Richard Hughes, British novelist (d. 1976)
1900 - Roland Michener, Governor-General of Canada (d. 1991)
1900 - Aleksandr Ptushko, Soviet-Russian movie director and screenwriter (d. 1973)
1901 1950
1902 - Veniamin Kaverin, Russian writer (d. 1989)
1903 – Eliot Ness, American lawman (d. 1957)
1912 – Glenn Seaborg, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
1914 - Ugo Poletti, Italian cardinal (d. 1997)
1917 - Sven Hassel, Danish author (d. 2012)
1920 - Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (d. 2013)
1921 - Roberto Tucci, Italian cardinal (d. 2015)
1922 – Erich Hartmann, fighter pilot with the most amount of kills (352) (d. 1993)
1924 – Werner Kohlmeyer, German footballer (d. 1974)
1925 – Hugh O'Brian, American actor (d. 2016)
1928 - Azlan Shah of Perak, 9th Yang-di Pertuan Agong (Head of State) of Malaysia and Sultan of Perak (d. 2014)
1928 – Alexis Korner, musician (d. 1984)
1930 – Dick Sargent, actor (d. 1994)
1932 – Fernando Botero, Colombian painter and sculptor
1933 – Jayne Mansfield, American actress (d. 1967)
1933 – Dickie Bird, English cricket umpire
1934 – Jean Ziegler, Swiss sociologist and politician
1934 - Ox Baker, American wrestler and actor (d. 2014)
1935 – Dudley Moore, English actor, musician, comedian, composer (d. 2002)
1935 - Justin Francis Rigali, American cardinal
1936 – Wilfried Martens, former Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2013)
1936 - Séamus Pattison, Irish politician (d. 2018)
1937 – Elinor Donahue, American actress
1937 – Joseph Estrada, Filipino actor and politician, former President of the Philippines
1937 - Antonio Carluccio, Italian-English chef and author (d. 2017)
1938 - Gil Santos, American sports announcer (d. 2018)
1940 - Dougal Haston, Scottish mountaineer (d. 1977)
1940 - Genya Ravan, American singer-songwriter and producer
1941 - Roberto Carlos, Brazilian singer and composer
1941 - Alan Price, English musician
1941 - Michel Roux, French-British chef and restaurateur
1942 - Bas Jan Ader, Dutch artist (d. 1975)
1942 – Frank Elstner, German entertainer
1943 - Margo MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician (d. 2014)
1943 - Lorenzo Sanz, Spanish businessman
1944 – James Heckman, American economist, Nobel Prize
1944 – Bernie Worrell, keyboardist (P Funk)
1946 – Tim Curry, British actor
1946 - Mary Jo Slater, American casting director and producer
1947 – Murray Perahia, American pianist
1949 – Joachim Sauer, husband of German Chancellor Angela Merkel
1949 – Paloma Picasso, designer, daughter of Pablo Picasso
1951 1975
1951 – Jóannes Eidesgaard, former Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
1952 – Alexis Argüello, Nicaraguan boxer and politician (d. 2009)
1953 - Sara Simeoni, Italian athlete
1953 – Ruby Wax, American-born British television personality
1954 - Trevor Francis, English footballer
1956 – Sue Barker, English tennis player and television presenter
1956 - Lane Hoppen, American singer-songwriter and musician (Orleans)
1956 - Randy Carlyle, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1957 - Tony Martin, English singer and musician
1958 - Denis O'Brien, Irish businessman
1960 - Nicoletta Braschi, Italian actress and producer
1960 – Ara Gevorgyan, Armenian musician, composer and musical producer
1960 – Frank Viola, American baseball player
1960 – Roger Merrett, Australian footballer
1962 – Al Unser, Jr., race car driver
1963 - Mika Kojonskoski, Finnish ski jumper
1964 - Gordon Marshall, Scottish footballer and coach
1965 – Suge Knight, record producer
1965 - Natalie Dessay, French soprano
1967 - Philippe Sainte-André, French rugby player and coach
1967 – Steven H Silver, science fiction editor
1967 – Dar Williams, American musician and songwriter
1968 – Mswati III, King of Swaziland
1968 – Ashley Judd, American actress
1968 - Arshad Warsi, Indian actor, singer and producer
1968 - Pascal Kleiman, Spanish DJ, producer and songwriter
1969 - Susan Polgar, Hungarian-American chess player
1970 – Kelly Holmes, British athlete, double Olympic champion
1970 – Luis Miguel, Mexican singer
1972 – Rivaldo, Brazilian footballer
1972 - Django Asül, German actor and comedian
1973 - Alessandro Preziosi, Italian actor
1975 – Jason Gillespie, Australian cricketer
From 1976
1976 - Scott Padgett, American basketball player, coach and radio host
1978 – James Franco, American actor
1978 – Gabriel Heinze, Argentine footballer
1979 – Kate Hudson, American actress
1979 - Zhao Junzhe, Chinese footballer
1980 - Jason Blaine, Canadian singer-songwriter
1980 - Robyn Regehr, Canadian ice hockey player
1981 – Hayden Christensen, Canadian actor
1981 – Catalina Sandino Moreno, actress
1981 - James Hibberd, English cricketer
1981 – Ryuta Hara, Japanese footballer
1985 – Valon Behrami, Swiss footballer
1986 - Heather Kuzmich, American model
1987 – Joe Hart, English footballer
1987 – Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player
1987 - Lauren Wilson, Canadian figure skater
1988 - Haruna Kojima, Japanese actress and singer (AKB48)
1989 – Daisuke Watabe, Japanese footballer
1990 - Damien Le Tallec, French footballer
1992 - Nick Pope, English footballer
1994 - Lee Areum, South Korean singer
2016 - Prince Alexander, Duke of Södermanland, Swedish royal
Deaths
Up to 1900
1012 - Alphege, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 954)
1054 – Pope Leo IX (b. 1002)
1321 - Patriarch Gerasimus I of Constantinople
1390 – King Robert II of Scotland (b. 1316)
1560 - Philipp Melanchthon, German humanist and reformer (b. 1497)
1578 - Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
1588 - Paolo Veronese, Italian painter (b. 1528)
1608 - Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English statesman and poet (b. 1536)
1689 – Christina of Sweden (b. 1626)
1733 - Elizabeth Villiers, mistress to William III of England (b. 1655)
1768 – Canaletto, Italian artist (b. 1697)
1791 - Richard Price, Welsh philosopher (b. 1723)
1824 – Lord Byron, English poet (b. 1788)
1881 – Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
1882 – Charles Darwin, British naturalist (b. 1809)
1901 2000
1906 – Pierre Curie, French scientist (b. 1859)
1906 - Spencer Gore, British tennis player and cricketer (b. 1850)
1914 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American philosopher (b. 1838)
1916 - Ephraim Shay, American engineer (b. 1839)
1949 – Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
1950 - Ernst Robert Curtius, Alsatian philologist (b. 1886)
1958 - Artur Kukk, Estonian wrestler (b. 1899)
1966 – Javier Solis, Mexican singer (b. 1931)
1967 – Konrad Adenauer, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
1974 – Ayub Khan, President of Pakistan (b. 1907)
1988 - Kwon Ki-ok, first female pilot in Korea (b. 1901)
1989 – Daphne du Maurier, British writer (b. 1907)
1991 - Stanley Hawes, British-Australian producer, director and administrator (b. 1905)
1992 - Frankie Howerd, British comedian and actor (b. 1917)
1993 – David Koresh, American cult leader (b. 1959)
1993 - George S. Mickelson, 28th Governor of South Dakota (b. 1941)
1998 – Octavio Paz, Mexican writer (b. 1914)
From 2001
2001 - Meldrim Thomson, Jr., 73rd Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1912)
2004 – Norris McWhirter, co-founder of the Guinness Book of World Records (b. 1925)
2004 – John Maynard Smith, British theoretical evolutionary biologist (b. 1920)
2005 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (b. 1911)
2006 - Albert Scott Crossfield, American engineer, pilot and astronaut (b. 1921)
2007 - Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor (b. 1932)
2008 - Germaine Tillion, French anthropologist and Resistance activist (b. 1907)
2009 – J. G. Ballard, British writer (b. 1930)
2010 – Guru, American rapper (b. 1961)
2011 – Elisabeth Sladen, British actress (b. 1948)
2011 – Grete Waitz, Norwegian marathon runner (b. 1953)
2012 - Valeri Vasiliev, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1949)
2012 - Levon Helm, American musician and actor (b. 1940)
2013 - François Jacob, French biologist (b. 1920)
2013 - Al Neuharth, American journalist, author and publisher (b. 1924)
2014 - Frits Thors, Dutch journalist (b. 1909)
2014 - Mimi Kok, Dutch actress (b. 1934)
2014 - Sonia Silvestre, Dominican singer (b. 1952)
2014 - Luciano do Valle, Brazilian sports commentator (b. 1947)
2015 - Elio Toaff, Italian rabbi (b. 1915)
2015 - Tom McCabe, Scottish politician (b. 1954)
2015 - Uche Chukwumerije, Nigerian politician (b. 1939)
2015 - Theodosia Okoh, Ghanaian flag designer and sports administrator (b. 1922)
2015 - Raymond Carr, British historian (b. 1919)
2015 - Ali Abu Mukhammad, Dagestani-Russian Islamist leader (b. 1972)
2016 - Patricio Aylwin, President of Chile (b. 1918)
2016 - Estelle Balet, Swiss snowboarder (b. 1994)
2016 - Ronit Elkabetz, Israeli actress (b. 1964)
2016 - Walter Kohn, Austrian-American theoretical physicist (b. 1923)
2016 - Mehrdad Oladi, Iranian footballer (b. 1985)
2016 - Milt Pappas, American baseball player (b. 1939)
2016 - Billy Redmayne, Manx motorcycle racer (b. 1990)
2017 - Delbert Daisey, American conservationist (b. 1928)
2017 - Aaron Hernandez, American football player (b. 1989)
2017 - Lyda Ann Thomas, American politician (b. 1936)
2018 - Cornelius Jakobs, Estonian-Russian Orthodox hierarch (b. 1924)
2018 - Luis Montes Mieza, Spanish anaesthetist and activist (b. 1949)
2018 - Walter Moody, American murderer (b. 1935)
2018 - Gil Santos, American sports announcer (b. 1938)
2019 - Martin Böttcher, German film composer and conductor (b. 1927)
2019 - Massimo Marino, Italian television presenter (b. 1960)
2019 - Patrick Sercu, Belgian cyclist (b. 1944)
2019 - Rodolfo Severino Jr., Filipino diplomat (b. 1936)
2019 - Okiharu Yasuoka, Japanese politician (b. 1939)
Observances
Bicycle Day
Dutch-American friendship day
King Mswati III's birthday (Swaziland)
Patriots' Day (Massachusetts, Maine, Wisconsin)
Beginning of Independence Movement (Venezuela)
Most common date for Easter, last in 1992
Days of the year |
9884 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2022 | April 22 |
Events
Up to 1900
238 - Year of the Six Emperors: The Roman Senate outlaws Emperor Maximus Thrax for his bloodthirsty proscriptions in Rome and nominates two of its members, Pupienus and Balbinus, to the throne.
1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil.
1509 – Henry VIII ascends the throne of England after the death of his father.
1519 - Hernan Cortes establishes a settlement in Veracruz, Mexico.
1529 – The Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.
1836 – Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto forces under Texas General Sam Houston capture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
1863 – American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins – troops under Union Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.
1864 – The United States Congress passes the Coinage Act which mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust" be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.
1876 - The first-ever National League baseball game is played.
1889 – Oklahoma land rush: President of the United States Benjamin Harrison opens the Unassigned Lands in what is now central Oklahoma to white settlement.
1898 – Spanish-American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports and the USS Nashville captures a Spanish merchant ship.
1901 2000
1906 - Start of the 1906 Summer Olympics in Athens. They are not officially counted as part of the modern Olympic Games.
1906 - End of the Mount Vesuvius eruption that started on April 4. In total, 1,000 people are estimated to have died as a result of the effects from the eruption.
1911 - Tsinghua University, one of China's top universities, is founded.
1912 - Pravda begins publication in Saint Petersburg, known as the "voice" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1914 – Babe Ruth, age 19, pitches his first professional game for the minor league Baltimore Orioles.
1915 – The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.
1930 – The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
1943 – Albert Hofmann writes his first report about the hallucinogenic properties of LSD.
1944 – World War II: Operation Persecution initiated – Allied forces land in the Hollandia area of New Guinea.
1945 – World War II: After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.
1946 – The first installment of the popular Japanese comic strip, Sazae-san, is published in the Fukunichi Shimbun.
1948 - 1948 Arab-Israeli War: Haifa is captured from Arab forces.
1954 – Red Scare: Army-McCarthy Hearings begin.
1964 – The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair opens for its first season.
1969 - British yachtsman Robin Knox-Johnston completes the first solo round-the-world journey.
1970 – The first Earth Day is celebrated.
1971 – John Kerry, dressed in combat fatigues, testifies on his views of the Vietnam War before the United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
1972 – Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts antiwar protests in New York City, San Francisco, and Los Angeles.
1974 - A PanAm Boeing 707 crashes into a mountain on Bali, as it approaches to land. All 107 people on board are killed.
1975 – Barbara Walters signs a five-year $5 million contract with the American Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), becoming the highest paid television newsperson.
1978 – The Blues Brothers make their first appearance on Saturday Night Live.
1979 – Brent Mydland performs his first show with the Grateful Dead at Spartan Stadium, San Jose, California.
1980 - Filipino ferry Don Juan sinks after a collision with a tanker.
1991 - A magnitude 7.5 earthquake in Costa Rica kills 47 people.
1992 – Several explosions in underground canals in Guadalajara, Mexico, kill 200 people.
1993 – In Washington, DC, the Holocaust Memorial Museum is dedicated.
1993 – The web browser Mosaic version 1.0 is released.
1993 - The racially motivated murder of 18-year-old Stephen Lawrence is committed in Southeast London.
1996 – Cisco Systems acquires StrataCom for $4B
1997 – Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria; 93 villagers killed.
1997 – A 126-day hostage crisis at the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima, Peru ends after government commandos storm and capture the building, rescuing 71 hostages. One hostage dies of a heart attack, two soldiers are killed from rebel fire, and all 14 rebels are slain.
1998 - Disney's Animal Kingdom opens in Florida.
2000 – In a predawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives' home in Miami, Florida.
2000 – The Big Number Change takes place in the United Kingdom.
From 2001
2001 - Hasim Rahman defeats the highly favored Lennox Lewis to win the boxing heavyweight title.
2004 – Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing up to 150 people.
2005 – Mordechai Vanunu is installed as Lord Rector of the University of Glasgow.
2010 – Deepwater Horizon oil spill: After an explosion two days earlier, and a subsequent fire, the BP and Transocean operated drilling rig Deepwater Horizon sinks. 11 people are killed, and the worst oil spill in US history is caused.
2012 – French Presidential Election: Incumbent President Nicolas Sarkozy goes through to the second round on May 6, along with François Hollande, who finishes ahead of him. Hollande defeats Sarkozy in the run-off on May 6.
2018 - A bomb attack on a voter registration centre in Kabul, Afghanistan, kills at least 57 people.
Births
Up to 1800
596 – Empress Kotoku of Japan (d. 654)
1444 - Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk (d. 1503)
1451 – Isabella I of Castile (d. 1504)
1610 – Pope Alexander VIII (d. 1691)
1658 - Giuseppe Torelli, Italian composer (d. 1709)
1690 - John Garteret, 2nd Earl Granville, English statesman (d. 1763)
1707 – Henry Fielding, English writer (d. 1754)
1724 – Immanuel Kant, Prussian philosopher (d. 1804)
1744 – James Sullivan, 7th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1808)
1757 - Alessandro Rolla, Italian composer and music teacher (d. 1841)
1766 – Madame de Staël, French writer (d. 1817)
1801 1900
1812 – Solomon Caesar Malan, orientalist (d. 1894)
1812 - James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie, Scottish Governor-General of India (d. 1860)
1832 - Julius Sterling Morton, American politician (d. 1902)
1840 – Odilon Redon, French painter (d. 1916)
1844 – Lewis Powell, American attempted assassin (d. 1865)
1852 – Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1912)
1854 – Henri La Fontaine, Belgian lawyer (d. 1943)
1866 - Hans von Seeckt, German military officer and politician (d. 1936)
1868 – Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria (d. 1924)
1870 (N.S.) - Vladimir Lenin, Soviet-Russian Communist revolutionary and political leader (d. 1924)
1872 - Princess Margaret of Prussia (d. 1954)
1873 – Ellen Glasgow, American writer (d. 1945)
1873 – Luigi Lucheni, Italian anarchist (d. 1910)
1876 – Róbert Bárány, Austrian Nobel Prize winner in medicine (d. 1936)
1881 – Alexander Kerensky, Russian politician (d. 1970)
1884 - Otto Rank, Austrian psychologist (d. 1939)
1891 – Harold Jeffreys, English astronomer (d. 1989)
1891 – Nicola Sacco, anarchist (d. 1927)
1899 – Vladimir Nabokov, Russian writer (d. 1977)
1901 1925
1902 - Megan Lloyd George, Welsh politician (d. 1966)
1903 - Daphne Akhurst, Australian tennis player (d. 1930)
1904 – J. Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (d. 1967)
1906 – Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Vasterbotten, Swedish royal, father of King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (d. 1947)
1906 – Snorri Hjartarson, Icelandic writer (d. 1986)
1906 – Eddie Albert, American actor (d. 2005)
1908 - Ivan Yefremov, Russian paleontologist and science fiction writer (d. 1972)
1909 – Rita Levi-Montalcini, Italian neurologist, Nobel Prize winner (d. 2012)
1909 - Indro Montanelli, Italian journalist, writer and historian (d. 2001)
1910 – Norman Steenrod, American mathematician (d. 1971)
1912 - Kaneto Shindo, Japanese director (d. 2012)
1912 – Kathleen Ferrier, English contralto (d. 1953)
1914 – Jan de Hartog, Dutch writer (d. 2002)
1916 – Yehudi Menuhin, American-born violinist (d. 1999)
1917 – Sidney Nolan, Australian painter (d. 1992)
1917 - Yvette Chauviré, French actress and ballerina (d. 2016)
1918 - William Jay Smith, American poet (d. 2015)
1919 - Antonio Nirta, Italian criminal (d. 2015)
1919 – Donald J. Cram, American chemist (d. 2001)
1922 – Charles Mingus, American jazz musician (d. 1979)
1922 – Wolf V. Vishniac, American microbiologist (d. 1973)
1923 – Bettie Page, American pin-up model (d. 2008)
1923 – Aaron Spelling, American television producer, writer (d. 2006)
1923 - Paula Fox, American writer (d. 2017)
1924 - Nam Duck-woo, 12th Prime Minister of South Korea (d. 2013)
1925 - George Cole, English actor (d. 2015)
1926 1950
1926 – James Stirling, British architect (d. 1992)
1926 - Ted Hibberd, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2017)
1926 – Charlotte Rae, American actress (d. 2018)
1929 - Guillermo Cabrera Infante, Cuban writer (d. 2005)
1930 - Enno Penno, Estonian politician (d. 2016)
1931 - John Buchanan, Canadian politician, 20th Premier of Nova Scotia
1932 - Isao Tomita, Japanese musician and composer (d. 2016)
1933 - Mark Damon, American movie actor and producer
1933 - Anthony Llewellyn, Welsh-American astronaut (d. 2013)
1935 - Mario Machado, Chinese-American journalist and actor (d. 2013)
1936 – Glen Campbell, American musician and singer (d. 2017)
1937 – Jack Nicholson, American actor
1937 – Jack Nitzsche, American composer, arranger (d. 2000)
1939 – Theo Waigel, German politician
1939 - John Chilcot, English civil servant
1939 – Jason Miller, American playwright (d. 2001)
1939 - Mel Carter, American singer and actor
1942 - Giorgio Agamben, Italian philosopher
1943 – Louise Glück, American poet
1944 - Doug Jarrett, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2014)
1944 – Steve Fossett, American millionaire and adventurer (d. 2007)
1945 - Demetrio Stratos, Italian musician (d. 1979)
1945 - Gopal Krishna Gandhi, Indian politician, 22nd Governor of West Bengal
1946 – John Waters, American movie maker
1947 - Barry Guy, British composer and musician
1947 - Neil Horan, Irish priest
1950 – Peter Frampton, English musician
1951 1975
1951 – Robin Bartlett, American actress
1952 – Marilyn Chambers, American erotic actress (d. 2009)
1953 - Valeri Bondarenko, Estonian footballer and coach
1954 – Kamla Persad-Bissessar, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
1957 – Donald Tusk, President of the European Council and former Prime Minister of Poland
1959 – Ryan Stiles, Canadian-American actor, comedian
1959 - Catherine Mary Stewart, Canadian actress
1959 - Terry Francona, American baseball player, coach and manager
1960 – Mart Laar, former Prime Minister of Estonia
1960 - Gary Rhodes, English chef
1961 - Ann McKechin, Scottish politician
1963 - Sean Lock, English comedian and actor
1964 - James Langevin, American politician
1964 - Massimo Carrera, Italian footballer
1967 - Sherri Shepherd, American comedienne, actress and talk show host
1967 – Sheryl Lee, American actress
1969 – Dion Dublin, English footballer
1969 - Billy McKinlay, Scottish footballer
1969 - Vanessa Goodwin, Australian politician (d. 2018)
1970 - Regine Velasquez, Filipino singer, actress and producer
1971 – Eric Mabius, American actor
1971 – Anwar al-Awlaki, American-born Yemeni terrorist (d. 2011)
1972 - Anna Falchi, Finnish-Italian actress
1973 - Brian Marshall, American musician
1974 – Shavo Odadjian, Armenian-born bassist for System of a Down
From 1976
1977 – Mark van Bommel, Dutch footballer
1977 - Ambra Angiolini, Italian actress
1979 – Zoltán Gera, Hungarian footballer
1981 - Jonathan Trott, South African-English cricketer
1982 – Kaka, Brazilian footballer
1982 - Cassidy Freeman, American actress, singer and musician
1983 - Jos Hooiveld, Dutch footballer
1983 - Daniel Sjolund, Finnish footballer
1983 - Francis Capra, American actor
1984 – Amelle Berrabah, English singer (Sugababes)
1984 – Michelle Ryan, English actress
1986 – Amber Heard, American actress
1986 - Kim Noorda, Dutch model
1987 – David Luiz, Brazilian footballer
1987 – Mikel John Obi, Nigerian footballer
1989 - Louis Smith, English gymnast
1989 - Thomas James Longley, English actor and model
1989 - Jasper Cillessen, Dutch footballer
1990 - Victor Dubuisson, French cyclist
1990 - Machine Gun Kelly, American rapper
1990 – Eve Muirhead, Scottish curler
1992 - Rolene Strauss, South African model
1996 - Wendy Sulca, Peruvian singer
Deaths
Up to 1900
296 – Pope Caius
536 – Pope Agapetus I
1592 – Bartolomeo Ammanati, Italian architect and sculptor (b. 1511)
1672 – Georg Stiernhielm, Swedish poet (b. 1598)
1699 – Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman and poet (b. 1646)
1758 – Antoine de Jussieu, French naturalist (b. 1686)
1778 - James Hargreaves, English inventor (b. 1720)
1806 – Pierre-Charles Villeneuve, French admiral (stabbed) (b. 1763)
1827 – Thomas Rowlandson, English painter and caricaturist (b. 1756)
1833 – Richard Trevithick, English inventor (b. 1771)
1854 - Nicolas Bravo, 11th President of Mexico (b. 1786)
1884 - Marie Taglioni, Swedish ballerina (b. 1804)
1892 – Edouard Lalo, French composer (b. 1823)
1893 – Chaim Aronson, Lithuanian inventor and academic (b. 1825)
1896 – Thomas Meik, British civil engineer (b. 1812)
1901 2000
1908 – Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1836)
1925 – André Caplet, French composer (b. 1878)
1930 – Jeppe Aakjaer, Danish poet and novelist (b. 1866)
1933 – Henry Royce, British automobile manufacturer (b. 1863)
1945 – Käthe Kollwitz, German artist (b. 1867)
1946 – Harlan F. Stone, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (b. 1872)
1951 – Horace Donisthorpe, British entomologist (b. 1870)
1968 – Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (b. 1911)
1978 – Will Geer, American actor and activist (b. 1902)
1980 – Fritz Strassmann, German physicist (b. 1902)
1980 - Jane Froman, American actress (b. 1907)
1983 – Earl "Fatha" Hines, American jazz pianist (b. 1903)
1984 – Ansel Adams, American photographer (b. 1902)
1986 – Mircea Eliade, Romanian writer and philosopher (b. 1907)
1989 - Emilio G. Segre, Italian-American physicist (b. 1905)
1990 - Albert Salmi, American actor (b. 1928)
1993 - Stephen Lawrence, English student (b. 1974)
1994 – Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (b. 1913)
1995 – Maggie Kuhn, American activist (b. 1905)
1996 – Erma Bombeck, American humorist and writer (b. 1927)
1999 - Apostolos Nikolaidis, Greek singer (b. 1938)
From 2001
2002 – Linda Lovelace, American actress (b. 1949)
2003 – Martha Griffiths, U.S. Congresswoman (b. 1912)
2003 – Michael Larrabee, American athlete (b. 1933)
2004 – Pat Tillman, American football player and U.S. Army Ranger (killed in action) (b. 1976)
2005 – Philip Morrison, American physicist (b. 1915)
2005 – Eduardo Paolozzi, Scottish artist and sculptor (b. 1924)
2006 - Alida Valli, Italian actress (b. 1921)
2009 – Jack Cardiff, English director (b. 1914)
2009 – Ken Annakin, English director (b. 1914)
2013 - Richie Havens, American folk singer and guitarist (b. 1941)
2013 - Vivi Bach, Danish actress (b. 1939)
2014 - Oswaldo Vigas, Venezuelan painter (b. 1924)
2015 - Lois Lilienstein, Canadian singer and musician (Sharon, Lois & Bram) (b. 1936)
2015 - Dick Balharry, Scottish conservationist, writer and wildlife photographer (b. 1937)
2015 - Gennadi Vengerov, Belarussian-born actor (b. 1959)
2015 - Dorothy Custer, American comedienne (b. 1911)
2016 - Jory Prum, American audio engineer and video game developer (b. 1975)
2016 - Peter Sellers, New Zealand broadcaster (b. 1921)
2017 - Hubert Dreyfus, American philosopher (b. 1929)
2017 - William Hjortsberg, American writer and screenwriter (b. 1941)
2017 - Jess Kersey, American basketball official (b. 1941)
2017 - Erin Moran, American actress (b. 1960)
2017 - Attilio Nicora, Italian cardinal (b. 1937)
2017 - Witold Pyrkosz, Polish actor (b. 1926)
2017 - Gustavo Rojo, Uruguayan actor (b. 1923)
2017 - Michele Scarponi, Italian racing cyclist (b. 1979)
2018 - Demeter Bitenc, Slovenian actor (b. 1922)
2018 - Nino Khurtsidze, Georgian chess player (b. 1975)
2018 - Dave Nelson, American baseball player (b. 1944)
2019 - Krasimir Bezinski, Bulgarian footballer (b. 1961)
2019 - Robert L. Butler, American politician (b. 1927)
2019 - Heather Harper, Northern Irish soprano (b. 1930)
2019 - Ventseslav Konstantinov, Bulgarian writer and translator (b. 1940)
2019 - Le Duc Anh, former President of Vietnam (b. 1920)
2019 - Billy McNeill, Scottish footballer (b. 1940)
2019 - Oiva Toikka, Finnish glass designer (b. 1931)
2019 - Julio César Toresani, Argentine footballer (b. 1967)
Observances
Arbor Day in parts of the United States
Earth Day
Discovery Day (Brazil)
Stephen Lawrence Day (United Kingdom), to be observed from 2019
Days of the year |
9885 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2021 | April 21 |
Events
Up to 1900
753 BC – Romulus founds Rome (traditional).
1506 - End of the three-day Lisbon massacre, in which 1,900 people were slaughtered.
1509 – Henry VIII of England becomes King of England after the death of his father, Henry VII of England.
1526 - The last ruler of the Lodi Dynasty in Northern India, Ibrahim Lodi, is defeated and killed by Babur in the First Battle of Panipat.
1734 - The shorter of the two Golden Horns of Gallehus, Denmark's most famous archaeological finds, is discovered. The longer one had been discovered in 1639.
1782 - The city now known as Krung Thep, or Bangkok, is founded in Siam, present-day Thailand.
1792 – Tiradentes, a revolutionary who was leading a movement for Brazil's independence, is hanged.
1836 – Texas Revolution: Battle of San Jacinto – Republic of Texas forces under Sam Houston defeat troops under Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
1863 – Bahá'u'lláh is proclaimed as the head of the Bahá'í Faith.
1863 – Quantrill's Raiders launch a reprisal raid Lawrence, Kansas in the Battle of Lawrence, killing a number of civilians.
1889 – Giacomo Puccini's opera Edgar is first performed in Milan.
1894 – Norway formally adopts the Krag-Jørgensen rifle as the main weapon of its armed forces. It remained in service for almost 50 years.
1898 – Spanish-American War: The U.S. Congress, on April 25, recognizes that a state of war exists between the United States and Spain as of this date.
1901 2000
1908 – North Pole dispute: Frederick Cook claims to have reached the North Pole on this date, almost a year before Robert Peary claims to have reached it, on April 6, 1909.
1912 – The New York Giants and New York Yankees play an exhibition game to benefit survivors of the RMS Titanic.
1914 - Ypiranga Incident: A German arms shipment to Mexico is intercepted by the United States Navy near Veracruz.
1918 – World War I: German fighter ace Manfred von Richthofen, known as "The Red Baron," is shot down and killed by Allied over Vaux sur Somme in France.
1926 - Future Queen, Elizabeth II, is born in London. At the time of her birth she is not expected to become Queen.
1930 – A fire at a Columbus, Ohio, USA, penitentiary kills 320 people.
1934 - The "Surgeon's Photograph", allegedly showing the Loch Ness Monster, appears in the Daily Mail. It is revealed to be a hoax in 1999.
1935 – A magnitude 7.1 earthquake hits Taiwan, killing 3,276 people.
1944 – Women in France receive the right to vote.
1945 – World War II: Soviet Union forces south of Berlin at Zossen attack the German High Command headquarters.
1952 – Secretaries Day (now Administrative Professionals' Day) is first celebrated.
1955 – Bob Hope's radio program airs its last segment.
1956 – Elvis Presley's song "Heartbreak Hotel" becomes the "King's" first song to reach the top of the Cash Box magazine music charts.
1960 – Brasília, Brazil's capital, is officially inaugurated. At 9:30 am the Three Powers of the Republic are simultaneously transferred from the old capital, Rio de Janeiro.
1960 – Founding of the Orthodox Baha'i faith in Washington, DC.
1961 - Dirk Stikker succeeds Paul-Henri Spaak as Secretary-General of NATO.
1962 - The Seattle World's Fair opens. The Space Needle, now a symbol of the city, was completed just before the event.
1965 – The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair opens for its second and final season.
1966 – Rastafari movement: Haile Selassie of Ethiopia visits Jamaica, an event now celebrated as Grounation Day.
1967 – A few days before the general election in Greece, Colonel George Papadopoulos leads a coup d'état, establishing a military regime that lasts for seven years.
1970 - The Principality of Hutt River declares itself independent from Australia, and is one of world's most famous micronations. It is 517 kilometers (354 miles) north of Perth, Western Australia.
1971 - Siaka Stevens becomes the 1st President of Sierra Leone.
1971 - Haitian leader François Duvalier (Papa Doc) dies. His then-19-year-old son, Jean-Claude Duvalier, takes over from him.
1975 – Vietnam War: President of South Vietnam Nguyen Van Thieu flees Saigon, as Xuan Loc, the last South Vietnamese outpost blocking a direct North Vietnamese assault on Saigon, falls.
1977 - The musical Annie has its Broadway premiere.
1982 - Rollie Fingers of the Milwaukee Brewers becomes the first pitcher in baseball to record 300 saves.
1985 - In Brazil, President-elect Tancredo Neves dies before he can take office. José Sarney becomes President instead.
1985 – Ayrton Senna wins the first of 41 Formula One championship races at the Portuguese Grand Prix in Estoril.
1986 – Geraldo Rivera opens Al Capone's vault on live television and finds nothing.
1987 – The Tamil Tigers is blamed for a car bomb that explodes in the Sri Lankan capital of Colombo, killing 106 people.
1989 – Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989: In Beijing, around 100,000 students gather in Tiananmen Square to commemorate the late Chinese reform leader Hu Yaobang.
1989 – Nintendo releases the Game Boy, an idea of Gunpei Yokoi.
1992 – U.S. death penalty: After 13 years on death row, convicted murderer Robert Alton Harris is executed in California's gas chamber.
1994 – The first discoveries of extrasolar planets are announced by astronomer Alexander Wolszczan.
From 2001
2002 – French Presidential Election: In the first round Jacques Chirac comes through, along with National Front leader Jean-Marie Le Pen.
2004 – Suicide bombers target police stations in Basra, Iraq, killing 74 people.
2005 – John Negroponte becomes the first United States Director of National Intelligence.
2010 – After a week of being shut down due to the Eyjafjallajokull eruption, UK airspace reopens.
2014 - The Boston Marathon is held for the first time since it was targeted by bombers in 2013. Rita Jeptoo wins the women's race, while Meb Keflezighi wins the men's race, becoming the first US citizen to win it in over 30 years.
2019 - Sri Lanka Easter bombings: More than 350 people are killed in bomb attacks on Easter Sunday targeting churches and hotels across Sri Lanka, most of them in or near Colombo.
2019 - Comedian Volodymyr Zelensky is elected President of Ukraine, defeating Petro Poroshenko.
Births
Up to 1900
1488 – Ulrich von Hutten, German humanist (d. 1523)
1555 – Ludovico Carracci, Italian painter (d. 1619)
1652 - Michel Rolle, French mathematician (d. 1719)
1671 - John Law, Scottish economist (d. 1729)
1673 – Wilhelmina of Brunswick, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1742)
1713 – Louis, 4th duc de Noailles, Marshal of France (d. 1793)
1730 – Antonin Kammel, Czech composer and violinist (d. 1788)
1774 – Jean-Baptiste Biot, French physicist and mathematician (d. 1862)
1782 – Friedrich Froebel, German educator (d. 1852)
1790 – Manuel Blanco Encalada, Chilean officer and politician (d. 1876)
1801 - Robert Francis Withers Allston, Governor of South Carolina (d. 1864)
1806 - George Cornewall Lewis, British statesman (d. 1863)
1809 - Robert M. T. Hunter, American politician (d. 1887)
1810 - John Putnam Chapin, 10th Mayor of Chicago (d. 1864)
1811 - Alson Sherman, 8th Mayor of Chicago (d. 1903)
1816 – Charlotte Brontë, English writer (d. 1855)
1825 - Louise Rasmussen, Danish ballet dancer (d. 1874)
1837 – Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician (d. 1922)
1838 – John Muir, Scottish conservationist, environmentalist and writer (d. 1914)
1843 - Walther Flemming, German biologist (d. 1905)
1851 - Alexander Macfarlane, Scottish logician, physicist and mathematician (d. 1913)
1864 – Max Weber, German sociologist (d. 1920)
1870 - Edwin Stanton Porter, American director, producer and screenwriter (d. 1941)
1873 - Philip Collier, 14th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1948)
1879 – Kartini, Indonesian national heroine (d. 1904)
1882 – Percy Williams Bridgman, American physicist (d. 1961)
1885 - Tatu Kolehmainen, Finnish athlete (d. 1967)
1887 - Joe McCarthy, American baseball player (d. 1978)
1889 – Paul Karrer, Swiss chemist (d. 1971)
1889 – Efrem Zimbalist, Russian-American violinist, composer, teacher and conductor (d. 1985)
1889 – Manuel Prado Ugarteche, President of Peru (d. 1967)
1889 - Pietro Calamandrei, Italian lawyer, professor and politician (d. 1956)
1893 - Walter Christaller, German geographer (d. 1969)
1898 - Maurice Wilson, English soldier, mystic, mountaineer and pilot (d. 1934)
1901 1950
1904 – Odilo Globocnik, Austrian SS officer (d. 1945)
1905 – Pat Brown, Governor of California (d. 1996)
1911 – Ivan Combe, American entrepreneur (d. 2000)
1912 – Marcel Camus, French movie director (d. 1982)
1912 – Eve Arnold, American photographer (d. 2012)
1913 - Norman Parkinson, English photographer (d. 1990)
1913 - Richard Beeching, Baron Beeching, English engineer and Head of British Railways (d. 1985)
1914 - Angelo Savoldi, Italian-American professional wrestler
1915 – Anthony Quinn, Mexican-American actor (d. 2001)
1919 – Don Cornell, American singer (d. 2004)
1919 - Licio Gelli, Italian financier (d. 2015)
1920 – Bruno Maderna, Italian composer and conductor (d. 1973)
1920 – Edmund Adamkiewicz, German footballer (d. 1991)
1922 – Alistair MacLean, Scottish writer (d. 1987)
1922 - Nazim Al-Haqqani, Turkish Cypriot spiritual leader (d. 2014)
1923 - John Mortimer, English barrister and writer (d. 2009)
1924 - Ira Louvin, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 1965)
1925 - Anthony Mason, 9th Chief Justice of Australia
1925 – Alfred Kelbassa, German footballer (d. 1988)
1926 – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and Commonwealth realms
1928 - Georg Kronawitter, German politician (d. 2016)
1930 – Silvana Mangano, Italian actress (d. 1989)
1930 - Jack Taylor, English football referee (d. 2012)
1930 - Mario Covas, Brazilian politician (d. 2001)
1930 - Dieter Roth, German artist (d. 1998)
1931 - Gabriel de Broglie, French historian
1931 - Ignatius Zakka I Iwas, Iraqi-Syrian Orthodox Church leader (d. 2014)
1932 - Angela Mortimer, English tennis player
1932 - Elaine May, American comedienne
1935 - Charles Grodin, American actor
1935 - Thomas Kean, 48th Governor of New Jersey
1941 - David L. Boren, 21st Governor of Oklahoma
1942 - Geoffrey Palmer, 33rd Prime Minister of New Zealand
1943 - Jan de Graaff, Dutch television journalist (d. 2014)
1944 - Russell Boyd, Australian cameraman
1944 - Paul Geremia, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1944 - Guity Novin, Iranian-Canadian artist
1947 – Iggy Pop, American musician (The Stooges)
1947 - John Weider, English musician
1948 - Gary Condit, American politician
1951 1975
1951 - Tony Danza, American actor
1951 - David Mallett, American singer-songwriter
1951 - Michael Hartley Freedman, American mathematician
1951 - Kim Young-ae, South Korean actress (d. 2017)
1952 - Cheryl Gillan, British politician
1954 - James Morrison, American actor
1955 - Murathan Mungan, Turkish author, short story writer, playwright and poet
1956 - Peter Kosminsky, English director, producer and screenwriter
1957 - Herbert Wetterauer, German painter, sculptor and author
1958 – Yoshito Usui, Japanese manga artist (d. 2009)
1958 – Andie MacDowell, American actress
1959 - Jerry Only, American singer and musician
1959 - Robert Smith, English singer-songwriter and musician
1959 - Arno Pijpers, Dutch football coach
1960 - Julius Korir, Kenyan athlete
1961 - Carey Hayes, American screenwriter and producer
1961 - Chad Hayes, American actor, screenwriter and producer
1961 - Cathy Cavadini, American voice actress and singer
1962 - Craig Robinson, American basketball coach and brother of Michelle Obama
1962 - Sergei Zalyotin, Russian cosmonaut
1963 – Roy Dupuis, Canadian actor
1964 – Ludmila Engquist, Russian-Swedish athlete
1965 - Thomas Helmer, German footballer
1968 - Peter van Vossen, Dutch footballer
1969 – Toby Stephens, British actor
1969 – Robin Meade, American news anchor
1970 – Nicole Sullivan, American actress
1971 - Alexander Kravchenko, Russian poker player
1971 – Eric Mabius, American actor
1971 - Axl Rotten, American professional wrestler (d. 2016)
1972 - José Luis Munuera, Spanish comic artist
1972 - Vidar Riseth, Norwegian footballer
1973 - Steve Backshall, English television presenter
1974 - John Hasler, English actor and voice actor
From 1976
1976 - Abir Goswami, Indian actor (d. 2013)
1978 - Jukka Nevalainen, Finnish drummer
1979 – Tobias Linderoth, Swedish footballer
1979 – James McAvoy, Scottish actor
1980 – Vincent Lecavalier, Canadian ice hockey player
1980 – Tony Romo, American football player
1983 – Pawel Brozek, Polish footballer
1983 – Marco Donadel, Italian footballer
1983 - Sebastian Ingrosso, Swedish DJ and producer (Swedish House Mafia)
1986 – Alexander Edler, Swedish ice hockey player
1986 – Rodney Stuckey, American basketball player
1987 – Nadif Chowdhury, Bangladeshi cricketer
1987 – Eric Devendorf, American basketball player
1987 - Anastasia Prikhodko, Ukrainian singer
1988 - Adam Rooney, Irish footballer
1989 - Tatyana McFadden, Russian-born American Paralympic athlete
1991 - Max Chilton, British racing driver
1992 - Deng Linlin, Chinese gymnast
1992 - Isco, Spanish footballer
2007 – Princess Isabella of Denmark
Deaths
Up to 1900
43 BC – Aulus Hirtius, Roman writer and politician (b. 90 BC)
1073 - Pope Alexander II
1109 – Anselm of Canterbury, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1033)
1142 - Peter Abelard, French philosopher and theologian (b. 1079)
1329 - Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1282)
1509 – King Henry VII of England (b. 1457)
1551 - Oba Nobuhide, Japanese warlord (b. 1510)
1557 – Petrus Apianus, German mathematician (b. 1495)
1574 – Cosimo de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1519)
1699 – Jean Racine, French writer (b. 1639)
1701 - Asano Naganori, Japanese warlord (b. 1667)
1719 - Philippe de la Hire, French mathematician and historian (b. 1640)
1736 - Prince Eugene of Savoy (b. 1663)
1792 – Tiradentes, Brazilian revolutionary (b. 1746)
1852 – Ivan Nabokov, Russian general (b. 1787)
1894 - James W. Throckmorton, Governor of Texas (b. 1825)
1900 - Vikramatji Khimojiraj, Indian Maharajah (b. 1819)
1901 2000
1910 – Mark Twain, American writer (b. 1835)
1918 – Manfred von Richthofen, German fighter pilot (b. 1892)
1922 - Alessandro Moreschi, Italian castrato singer (b. 1858)
1924 – Eleonora Duse, Italian actress (b. 1858)
1932 - Friedrich Gustav Piffl, Archbishop of Vienna (b. 1864)
1938 – Muhammad Iqbal, national poet of Pakistan (b. 1877)
1941 - Fritz Manteuffel, German gymnast (b. 1875)
1946 – John Maynard Keynes, English economist (b. 1883)
1952 - Stafford Cripps, British politician (b. 1889)
1965 – Edward Victor Appleton, English physicist (b. 1892)
1971 – Francois Duvalier (Papa Doc), dictator of Haiti (b. 1907)
1973 – Arthur Fadden, 13th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1894)
1977 – Gummo Marx, American actor and comedian (b. 1892)
1980 - Aleksandr Oparin, Russian biochemist (b. 1894)
1983 - Walter Slezak, Austrian-born actor (b. 1902)
1984 – Marcel Janco, Romanian-Israeli artist, writer and architect (b. 1895)
1985 – Tancredo Neves, Brazilian politician, President-elect (b. 1910)
1990 – Romain de Tirtoff (Erte), Russian-born French artist (b. 1892)
1996 – Dzhokhar Dudaev, Chechen politician (b. 1944)
From 2001
2003 – Nina Simone, American singer (b. 1933)
2005 – Gerry Marshall, British racing driver (b. 1941)
2005 - Gwynfor Evans, Welsh politician, leader of Plaid Cymru (b. 1912)
2005 - Feroze Khan, Pakistani field hockey player (b. 1904)
2008 – Al Wilson, American singer (b. 1939)
2010 – Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish Olympic official (b. 1920)
2011 – Harold Garfinkel, American sociologist (b. 1917)
2012 – Charles Colson, American Watergate scandal figure (b. 1931)
2013 - Shakuntala Devi, Indian mathematician (b. 1929)
2013 - Leopold Engleitner, Austrian Holocaust survivor, author and educator (b. 1905)
2013 - Chrissy Amphlett, American singer and actress (b. 1959)
2014 - Alexander Lenkov, Russian actor (b. 1943)
2014 - Win Tin, Burmese journalist and former political prisoner (b. 1930)
2014 - Janet Gray Hayes, American politician, 60th Mayor of San Jose, California (b. 1926)
2014 - Herb Gray, Canadian politician and former Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1931)
2014 - Arlene McQuade, American actress (b. 1936)
2014 - Mundo Earwood, American country music singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
2014 - George H. Heilmeier, American engineer (b. 1936)
2015 - Janaki Ballabh Patnaik, Indian politician, Chief Minister of Odisha (b. 1927)
2015 - Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi, Egyptian poet (b. 1938)
2015 - Steve Byrnes, American sports announcer (b. 1959)
2015 - Roy Mason, British politician (b. 1924)
2015 - Mary Doyle Keefe, American model (b. 1922)
2015 - Gideon Eilat, German-Israeli soldier (b. 1924)
2015 - Cindy Yang, Taiwanese model and actress (b. 1990)
2015 - Bakhtyar Khudojnazarov, Russian movie director (b. 1965)
2015 - M. H. Abrams, American literary critic (b. 1912)
2016 - Prince, American singer, songwriter and musician (b. 1958)
2016 - Hans Koschnick, German politician (b. 1929)
2016 - Marco Leto, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1931)
2016 - Lonnie Mack, American singer and guitarist (b. 1941)
2017 - Ugo Ehiogu, English footballer (b. 1972)
2017 - Cecilia Alvear, Ecuadorean-American journalist (b. 1939)
2017 - Carl Christ, American economist (b. 1923)
2018 - Firmin Le Bourhis, French author (b. 1950)
2018 - Nelson Pereira dos Santos, Brazilian film director (b. 1928)
2018 - Nabi Tajima, Japanese supercentenarian (b. 1900)
2018 - Verne Troyer, American actor (b. 1969)
2018 - Huguette Tourangeau, Canadian mezzo-soprano (b. 1940)
2019 - Peter Colotka, Slovakian academic, lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
2019 - Hannelore Elsner, German actress (b. 1942)
2019 - Steve Golin, American film producer (b. 1955)
2019 - Aminul Haque, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1943)
2019 - Ken Kercheval, American actor (b. 1935)
2019 - Shantha Mayadunne, Sri Lankan chef (b. 1968)
2019 - Amelia Vargas, Cuban actress (b. 1925)
Observances
John Muir Day (California)
San Jacinto Day (Texas)
Kartini Day (Indonesia)
National Tree Planting Day (Kenya)
First Day of Ridvan (Baha'i faith)
Grounation Day (Rastafari movement)
Tiradentes Day (Brazil)
Days of the year |
9886 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2029 | April 29 |
Events
Up to 1900
711 -Moorish troops led by Tariq ibn-Ziyad land at Gibraltar to begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula.
1429 – Battle of Orléans: French troops led by Joan of Arc lifted the English Siege of Orleans, a turning point in the Hundred Years' War.
1483 - Gran Canaria, the main island of the Canary Islands, is conquered by the Kingdom of Castile.
1521 - Swedish War of Liberation: Swedish troops under Gustav Vasa defeat a Danish force under Didrik Slagheck in the Battle of Vasteras.
1587 - Francis Drake leads a raid in the Bay of Cadiz, sinking at least 23 ships of the Spanish fleet.
1672 – Franco-Dutch War: Louis XIV of France invades the Netherlands.
1770 – James Cook arrives at and names Botany Bay, Australia.
1854 – The Ashmun Institute is officially begins as the first college for African American students.
1861 – American Civil War: Maryland's House of Delegates votes not to split from the Union
1862 – American Civil War: New Orleans falls to Union forces under Admiral David Farragut.
1882 - The Elektromote, a forerunner of the trolleybus, is tested by Eduard Werner von Siemens in Berlin.
1901 2000
1903 – A 30 million cubic-metre landslide kills 70 in Frank, Alberta, Canada.
1910 – Andrew Fisher becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the second time.
1916 – Easter Rebellion: Martial law in Ireland is lifted and the rebellion is officially over with the surrender of Irish nationalists to British authorities in Dublin.
1944 – Dancing Romeo, the last Our Gang movie, is shown for the first time.
1945 – World War II: The German Army in Italy surrenders (gives up) to the Allies.
1945 – Adolf Hitler marries his long-time partner Eva Braun in a Berlin bunker and decides that Admiral Karl Dönitz will be the next ruler.
1945 – Holocaust: The Dachau concentration camp is freed by United States troops.
1946 – Former Prime Minister of Japan Hideki Tojo and 28 former Japanese leaders are accused of war crimes.
1967 – After refusing to go into the United States Army the day before (because of religious reasons), Muhammad Ali is stripped of his boxing title.
1968 - The musical Hair opens on Broadway.
1969 – Jazz musician Duke Ellington receives the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
1970 – Vietnam War: United States and South Vietnamese forces go into Cambodia to hunt NLF soldiers.
1974 – Watergate scandal: President Richard Nixon announces the release of edited word copies of White House tape recordings that deal with the scandal.
1975 – Vietnam War: Operation Frequent Wind – The last U.S. citizens begin to leave Saigon before an expected North Vietnamese takeover. United States part in the war comes to an end.
1986 - Fire at central library of the Los Angeles Public Library damages over 400,000 books and other items.
1986 - Funeral of Wallis Simpson, who had died five days earlier. Edward VIII of the United Kingdom had left the throne in order to marry her.
1991 – Bangladesh is hit by a cyclone, killing at least 138,000 people.
1991 – A train crash in Hunan province in China kills over 200 people.
1992 – 1992 Los Angeles riots: Riots in Los Angeles, California, follow the release of police officers charged with too much strength and force in the beating of Rodney King. Over the next three days, 54 people are killed and hundreds of buildings are destroyed.
1992 - NBA player Michael Jordan scores 56 points in a playoff game against the Miami Heat in what is considered one of the greatest games of his career.
1997 – The Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993 enters into force, and makes the production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons illegal.
1999 – The Avala TV tower in Belgrade in destroyed by NATO allied bombing.
From 2001
2002 – The United States is re-elected (chosen again) to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, one year after losing the seat it had held for 50 years.
2004 - Oldsmobile builds its final car, ending 107 years of production.
2005 – Syrian troops complete their withdrawal from Lebanon.
2011 – Prince William, Duke of Cambridge marries Catherine Middleton at Westminster Abbey in London.
2013 - NBA player Jason Collins announces that he is openly gay, the first American sportsman to come out as gay while still active.
2015 - Members of the Bali Nine are executed for drug trafficking in Indonesia.
2015 - The World Health Organization declares that rubella has been eradicated from the Americas.
2017 - Access to Wikipedia is blocked in Turkey.
2018 - Amber Rudd resigns as the British Home Secretary and is succeeded by Sajid Javid.
2019 - The Indonesian government announces plan to move the country's capital city away from Jakarta.
Births
Up to 1900
1667 – John Arbuthnot, Scottish doctor, mathematician and writer (d. 1735)
1686 - Vasily Tartishchev, Russian statesman, historian and geographer (d. 1750)
1727 – Jean-Georges Noverre, French dancer, founder of modern ballet (d. 1810)
1745 – Oliver Ellsworth, 3rd Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1807)
1762 - Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, French marshal (d. 1833)
1766 - Nicolas Vansittart, 1st Baron Bexley, English statesman (d. 1851)
1780 - Charles Nodier, French writer (d. 1844)
1784 - Samuel Turrell Armstrong, Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1850)
1818 – Tsar Alexander II of Russia (d. 1881)
1820 - Henry Watkins Alley, Confederate general and Governor of Louisiana (d. 1866)
1823 - Konrad von Mauer, German legal historian (d. 1902)
1824 – Francisco Pi y Margell, Catalan-Spanish politician and writer (d. 1901)
1837 - Georges Boulanger, French general and politician (d. 1891)
1847 - Joachim Andersen, Danish flautist, conductor and composer (d. 1909)
1848 - Raja Ravi Varma, Indian painter (d. 1906)
1854 – Henri Poincaré, French mathematician and physicist (d. 1912)
1857 – Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia (d. 1905)
1863 – Constantine Cavafy, Greek poet (d. 1933)
1863 – William Randolph Hearst, American media tycoon (d. 1951)
1868 – Alice Keppel, English socialite and mistress to Edward VII (d. 1947)
1871 - William Stern, German psychologist (d. 1938)
1872 - Harry Payne Whitney, American businessman, lawyer and horse-breeder (d. 1930)
1875 - Margaret Preston, Australian artist (d. 1963)
1875 - Rafael Sabatini, Italian-English writer (d. 1950)
1876 – Zauditu, Empress of Ethiopia (d. 1930)
1879 – Thomas Beecham, British conductor (d. 1961)
1882 - Hendrik Nicolaes Werkman, Dutch artist and painter (d. 1945)
1885 – Egon Erwin Kisch, Czech journalist and writer (d. 1948)
1887 - Raymond Thorne, American freestyle swimmer (d. 1921)
1891 - Bharathidasan, Indian Tamil poet (d. 1964)
1893 – Harold C. Urey, American chemist (d. 1981)
1894 - Marietta Blau, Austrian physicist (d. 1970)
1895 - Vladimir Propp, Russian folkorist (d. 1970)
1895 – Malcolm Sargent, British conductor (d. 1967)
1899 – Duke Ellington, American pianist and jazz musician (d. 1974)
1901 1950
1901 – Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (d. 1989)
1907 – Fred Zinnemann, Austrian-born movie director (d. 1997)
1907 - Chuya Nakahara, Japanese poet (d. 1937)
1907 - Tino Rossi, French singer and actor (d. 1983)
1909 - Tom Ewell, American actor (d. 1994)
1915 – Donald Mills, American singer (Mills Brothers) (d. 1999)
1917 - Celeste Holm, American actress and singer (d. 2012)
1917 - Maya Deren, Ukrainian-American director, poet and photographer (d. 1961)
1917 - Urie Bronfenbrenner, Russian-American psychologist (d. 2005)
1919 - Alla Rakha, Indian tabla player (d. 2000)
1921 – Cornelis de Jager, Dutch astronomer
1922 – Toots Thielemans, Belgian jazz musician and harmonica player (d. 2016)
1923 – Irvin Kershner, American movie director (d. 2010)
1924 - Zizi Jeanmaire, French dancer and actress
1925 – Iwao Takamoto, Japanese-American animator and movie director (d. 2007)
1925 – John Compton, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (d. 2007)
1925 - Ned Austin, American actor (d. 2007)
1925 - Colette Marchand, French dancer and actress (d. 2015)
1926 – Paul Baran, American computer pioneer (d. 2011)
1927 - Dorothy Manley, British athlete
1927 - Bill Slater, British footballer (d. 2018)
1928 - Heinz Wolff, German-British scientist and broadcaster (d. 2017)
1929 – Walter Kempowski, German writer (d. 2007)
1929 - Ray Barretto, American jazz musician (d. 2006)
1929 - Peter Sculthorpe, Australian composer and conductor (d. 2014)
1929 - Maurice Strong, Canadian businessman and diplomat (d. 2015)
1929 - Jeremy Thorpe, English politician (d. 2014)
1930 - Joe Porcaro, American musician
1930 - Henri Coppens, Belgian footballer (d. 2015)
1930 - Claus Ogerman, German-American composer
1930 - Jean Rochefort, French actor and director (d. 2017)
1931 - Frank Auerbach, German-British painter
1931 - Lonnie Donegan, Scottish singer, songwriter and musician (d. 2002)
1933 – Mark Eyskens, former Prime Minister of Belgium
1933 - Rod McKuen, American poet and composer (d. 2015)
1933 - Willie Nelson, American singer and musician
1934 – Pedro Pires, former President of Cape Verde
1934 - Bill Vander Zalm, Dutch-Canadian politician, 28th Premier of British Columbia
1935 - April Ashley, English model
1936 – Zubin Mehta, Indian-born conductor
1936 - Alejandra Pizarnik, Argentine poet (d. 1972)
1936 - Lane Smith, American actor (d. 2005)
1938 - Klaus Voormann, German artist, musician and producer
1938 – Bernard Madoff, American financier and convict
1938 - E. Ahamed, Indian politician (d. 2017)
1941 - Toney Anaya, former Governor of New Mexico
1942 - Galina Kulakova, Soviet cross-country skier
1942 - Lynda Chalker, Baroness Chalker of Wallasey, English politician
1944 – Hermann Scheer, German politician (d. 2010)
1944 – Princess Benedikte of Denmark
1944 - Richard Kline, American actor and director
1945 - Tammi Terrell, American singer (d. 1970)
1947 - Joey Levine, American singer and composer
1947 - Jim Ryun, American athlete and politician
1949 - Anita Dobson, English actress
1950 – Phillip Noyce, Australian movie director
1951 1975
1951 - John Holmes, British diplomat
1951 – Dale Earnhardt, American racing driver (d. 2001)
1952 – David Icke, British writer, and former footballer and journalist
1952 - Rob Nicholson, Canadian politician
1953 - Nikolai Budarin, Russian cosmonaut
1954 – Jerry Seinfeld, American comedian
1955 – Kate Mulgrew, American actress
1955 - Klaus Siebert, German biathlete (d. 2016)
1957 – Daniel Day-Lewis, British actor
1957 - Timothy Treadwell, American activist (d. 2003)
1958 – Michelle Pfeiffer, American actress
1958 - Giovanni Galli, Italian footballer
1960 - Lachele Carl, American voice actress
1964 – Federico Castelluccio, Italian-American actor
1965 - Angelo Alessio, Italian footballer
1966 - Ramón Medina Bello, Argentine footballer
1966 – Phil Tufnell, English cricketer
1967 - Master P, American rapper
1967 - Curtis Joseph, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1968 - Michael Herbig, German actor, comedian, director and producer
1970 – Andre Agassi, American tennis player
1970 – Uma Thurman, American actress
1972 – Marko Rehmer, German footballer
1972 - Derek Mears, American actor and stuntman
1972 - Takahiro Yamada, Japanese footballer
1973 - David Belle, French actor
1974 - Anggun, Indonesian-French singer-songwriter
From 1976
1978 – Bob Bryan, American tennis player
1978 – Mike Bryan, American tennis player
1979 – Lee Dong-Gook, South Korean footballer
1979 – Jo O'Meara, English singer (S Club)
1979 - Matt Tong, English drummer (Bloc Party)
1980 – Kian Egan, Irish singer (Westlife)
1980 - Luciano Milo, Italian ice dancer
1980 - Magdalena Tul, Polish actress
1982 - Travis Smith, American musician
1983 - Semih Senturk, Turkish footballer
1983 - Yuriko Shiratori, Japanese model and actress
1984 - Taylor Cole, American actress
1985 – Jean-François Jacques, Canadian ice hockey player
1986 - Crystal Harris, American model
1987 - Sara Errani, Italian tennis player
1987 – Alicia Morton, American actress
1988 – Jonathan Toews, NHL ice hockey centre for the Chicago Blackhawks
1988 – Younha, South Korean singer
1989 – Charlotte Francis, English actress
1991 - Oviya, Indian model and actress
1992 - Emilio Orozco, American soccer player
1994 - Stephen Milne, Scottish swimmer
1995 - Victoria Sinitsina, Russian ice dancer
2007 - Infanta Sofía of Spain, Spanish royal
Deaths
Up to 1950
643 - Hou Junji, Chinese chancellor during the Tang Dynasty
926 - Burchard III, Duke of Swabia
1380 – Catherine of Siena, Italian saint (b. 1347)
1594 - Thomas Cooper, English bishop, lexicographer and writer
1688 – Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1620)
1698 – Charles Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis, First Lord of the British Admiralty (b. 1655)
1707 – George Farquhar, Irish dramatist (b. 1678)
1768 - Georg Brandt, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (b. 1694)
1771 - Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli, French-Italian architect (b. 1700)
1776 - Edward Wortley Montagu, English traveler and writer (b. 1713)
1782 - Richard Kempenfelt, English admiral (b. 1718)
1793 - Yechezkel Landau, Polish rabbi (b. 1713)
1827 - Rufus King, American politician (b. 1755)
1854 - Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey, English field marshal and politician (b. 1768)
1905 - Ignacio Cervantes, Cuban pianist and composer (b. 1847)
1921 - Annie Edson Taylor, American adventuress (b. 1838)
1933 – Constantine Cavafy, Greek poet (b. 1863)
1935 – Leroy Carr, American blues singer, songwriter and pianist (b. 1905)
1937 – William Gillette, actor (b. 1853)
1944 – Bernardino Machado, President of Portugal (b. 1851)
1947 - Irving Fisher, American economist (b. 1867)
1951 2000
1951 – Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austrian-born philosopher (b. 1889)
1957 – Belle Baker, American 1920s torch singer, movie and television actress (b. 1893)
1961 - Cisco Houston, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1918)
1967 – Anthony Mann, American actor and director (b. 1867)
1967 - J. B. Lenoir, American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter (b. 1929)
1968 - Anthony Boucher, American science fiction writer (b. 1911)
1980 – Alfred Hitchcock, British movie director (b. 1899)
1992 - Mae Clarke, American actress (b. 1910)
1993 – Mick Ronson, British musician (b. 1946)
1997 – Mike Royko, columnist (b. 1932)
2000 - Pham Van Dong, 2nd Prime Minister of Vietnam (b. 1906)
From 2001
2001 – Barend Biesheuvel, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1920)
2002 - Sune Andersson, Swedish footballer (b. 1921)
2005 – William J. Bell, soap opera creator, writer, producer (b. 1927)
2006 - John Kenneth Galbraith, Canadian-American economist (b. 1908)
2007 – Ivica Racan, Croatian Prime Minister (b. 1944)
2008 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss physicist (b. 1906)
2008 - Bo Yang, Chinese author and cultural critic (b. 1920)
2012 - Eric Charden, French singer (b. 1943)
2012 – Shukri Ghanem, Libyan politician (b. 1942)
2012 - Joel Goldsmith, American composer (b. 1957)
2012 – Amarillo Slim, American professional poker player (b. 1928)
2014 - Michael Kadosh, Israeli footballer (b. 1940)
2014 - Bob Hoskins, English actor (b. 1942)
2014 - Al Feldstein, American writer and editor (b. 1925)
2014 - Norma Pons, Argentine actress (b. 1943)
2014 - M. V. Devan, Indian artist and writer (b. 1928)
2014 - Walter Walsh, American FBI agent and Olympic shooter (b. 1907)
2014 - Reuven Feuerstein, Israeli psychologist (b. 1921)
2014 - Edgars Vinters, Latvian painter (b. 1919)
2015 - Members of the Bali Nine executed in Indonesia for drug trafficking:
Andrew Chan, Australian (b. 1981)
Rodrigo Gularte, Brazilian (b. 1972)
Myuran Sukumaran, Australian (b. 1984)
2015 - Daniel Walker, American politician, 36th Governor of Illinois (b. 1922)
2015 - Calvin Peete, American golfer (b. 1943)
2015 - Jean Nidetch, American businesswoman (b. 1923)
2015 - Gopulu, Indian illustrator and cartoonist (b. 1924)
2016 - Alyson Bailes, British diplomat (b. 1949)
2016 - Renato Corona, Filipino jurist (b. 1948)
2016 - Jok Church, American cartoonist (b. 1949)
2016 - Dmytro Hnatyuk, Ukrainian baritone and opera singer (b. 1925)
2016 - Chen Zhongshi, Chinese writer (b. 1942)
2017 - George Genyk, American football player and coach (b. 1938)
2017 - R Vidyasagar Rao, Indian irrigation engineer (b. 1939)
2018 - Luis García Meza Tejada, President of Bolivia (b. 1929)
2018 - Derek Keys, South African businessman and politician (b. 1931)
2018 - Michael Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn, Scottish politician (b. 1945)
2018 - Lester James Peries, Sri Lankan film director and screenwriter (b. 1919)
2018 - Robert Mandan, American actor (b. 1932)
2019 - Eldon Bargewell, American general (b. 1947)
2019 - Stevie Chalmers, Scottish footballer (b. 1935)
2019 - Gino Marchetti, American football player (b. 1926)
2019 - Les Murray, Australian poet (b. 1938)
2019 - José Rodrigues Neto, Brazilian footballer (b. 1949)
2019 - John Singleton, American film director (b. 1968)
2019 - Ellen Tauscher, American politician (b. 1951)
Observances
Showa Day in Japan, birthday of Hirohito
UK Bank Holiday (in 2011)
International Dance Day
Days of the year |
9887 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2030 | April 30 |
Events
Up to 1950
313 - Battle of Tzillarum: Emperor Licinius defeats Maximinus II and unifies the Eastern Roman Empire.
711 – Tariq ibn Ziyad reaches Gibraltar, beginning Moorish rule in Spain.
1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus his commission of exploration.
1557 - Mapuche leader Lautaro is killed by Spanish forces at the Battle of Mataquito in Chile
1789 – George Washington becomes the first President of the United States.
1802 - The break of the Puentes Reservoir in Spain kills 608 people
1803 – The US buys the Louisiana Territory from France, more than doubling its land area.
1812 – Louisiana becomes a state of the US.
1838 – Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.
1863 - A 65-man French Foreign Legion infantry patrol fights a force of nearly 2,000 Mexican soldiers to nearly the last man at Hacienda Camaron, Mexico.
1871 - Camp Grant Massacre in the Arizona Territory.
1885 - Governor of New York David B. Hill signs legislation creating the Niagara Reservation near Niagara Falls. It is New York's first State Park.
1900 – Hawaii becomes a US territory, with Sanford Dole as Governor.
1907 – Honolulu becomes an independent city.
1908 - Japanese small cruiser Matsushima sinks after a munitions explosion near Taiwan, killing 206 out of the 347 men on board.
1920 – Peru becomes a signatory of the Buenos Aires Convention.
1927 – Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford become the first celebrities to leave their footprints in concrete at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood.
1927 - The Federal Industrial Institute for Women opens in Alderson, West Virginia, as the first women's federal prison in the United States.
1937 - In a referendum, women in Philippines support being given the right to vote.
1938 - First televised FA Cup final between Huddersfield Town and Preston North End
1939 - Start of the 1939/40 World's Fair in New York City.
1939 - NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled TV service in New York City.
1941 – British steam freighter Nerissa is torpedoed near Rockall by a German U-boat, causing it to sink, with the loss of 207 lives.
1943 - World War II: Operation Mincemeat - Submarine HMS Seraph surfaces in the Mediterranean Sea off Spain to deposit a dead man planted with false invasion plans dressed as a British military intelligence officer.
1945 – World War II: One day after getting married, Adolf Hitler and his wife Eva Braun commit suicide. On the same day, Red Army troops raise the Soviet flag on the Reichstag building.
1945 – World War II: American forces take Munich.
1947 – In Nevada, the Boulder Dam is renamed Hoover Dam for the second time.
1948 - The Organization of American States is formed in Bogota, Colombia.
From 1951
1952 – The Diary of Anne Frank is published in English.
1961 - K-19, the first Soviet nuclear submarine with nuclear missiles, is commissioned.
1963 - Fehmarnsundbroen, a bridge connecting the island of Fehmarn to mainland Denmark, is opened to traffic.
1966 – The Church of Satan is founded.
1975 – With the fall of Saigon, the Vietnam War officially comes to an end.
1980 – Beatrix becomes Queen of the Netherlands, after the decision of her mother, Queen Juliana to abdicate the throne.
1980 - The siege at the Iranian Embassy begins in London.
1985 - US entrepreneur Dick Bass climbs Mount Everest, becoming the first person to successfully climb the "Seven Summits", the highest peaks on each continent.
1993 – The World Wide Web is released for use.
1993 – Tennis player Monica Seles is stabbed by an obsessed fan of her rival Steffi Graf, during a tournament in Germany.
1994 – Austrian Formula 1 driver Roland Ratzenberger is killed in a crash, while practising for the San Marino Grand Prix, at which fellow driver Ayrton Senna is killed the next day.
1995 - Bill Clinton becomes the first President of the United States to visit Northern Ireland.
1995 - Greenpeace activists occupy the Shell Oil Company-owned oil platform Brent Spar between Shetland and Norway, to protest against its planned sinking in the North Sea.
1999 – Cambodia joins ASEAN.
2004 - US media release graphic photographs of US soldiers abusing Iraqi prisoners at Abu Ghraib prison.
2006 – Along with her brother, Swiss ski racer Corinne Rey-Bellet is shot dead by her husband, who commits suicide a short time later.
2009 - Chrysler files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
2009 – Netherlands: An attempted attack is made on the Dutch Royal Family at a Queen's Day parade in Apeldoorn, as a car is driven into the crowd, killing seven spectators, and the perpetrator, Karst Tates, who dies the next day.
2012 - A ferry capsizes on the Brahmaputra River in India, killing at least 103 people.
2013 - Beatrix of the Netherlands abdicates the throne. Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands is the new King, the first Dutch King since 1890.
2019 - Akihito abdicates as Emperor of Japan, passing the throne to his son Naruhito.
Births
Up to 1800
1245 – King Philip III of France (d. 1285)
1306 - Andrea Dandolo, ruler of Venice (d. 1354)
1310 – Casimir III of Poland (d. 1368)
1331 – Gaston III, Count of Foix (d. 1391)
1553 - Louise of Lorraine (d. 1601)
1586 – Saint Rose of Lima, Peruvian saint (d. 1617)
1602 – William Lilly, English astrologer (d. 1681)
1623 – François de Laval, first bishop of New France (d. 1708)
1651 – Jean-Baptiste de la Salle, French educational reformer (d. 1719)
1662 – Queen Mary II of England (d. 1694)
1664 – François Louis, Prince of Conti, French general (d. 1709)
1710 – Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée, Bavarian general (d. 1795)
1721 – Roger Sherman, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1793)
1723 - Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist (d. 1806)
1758 - Emmanuel Vitale, Maltese commander and politician (d. 1802)
1770 – David Thompson, English-Canadian explorer (d. 1857)
1777 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (d. 1855)
1801 1900
1803 – Albrecht von Roon, Prussian politician (d. 1879)
1812 – Kaspar Hauser, German boy whose early life is a mystery (d. 1833)
1823 - George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll, Scottish politician (d. 1900)
1829 - Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist (d. 1884)
1831 - Romolo Gessi, Italian explorer in Africa (d. 1881)
1839 - Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria (d. 1892)
1852 – Tewfik Pasha, ruler of Egypt (d. 1892)
1857 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1940)
1864 - Juhan Liiv, Estonian poet (d. 1913)
1865 – Max Nettlau, German anarchist and historian (d. 1944)
1869 - Hans Poelzig, German architect, painter and set designer (d. 1936)
1870 – Franz Lehár, Austrian composer (d. 1948)
1870 - Homer Stille Cummings, American jurist and politician (d. 1956)
1876 - Oros Mario Corbino, Italian physicist and politician (d. 1937)
1877 – Alice B. Toklas, American companion of Gertrude Stein (d. 1967)
1883 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech novelist (d. 1923)
1883 - Luigi Russolo, Italian painter and composer (d. 1947)
1884 - Olof Sandborg, Swedish movie and theatre actor (d. 1965)
1887 – Anne Zernike, Dutch theologian and minister (d. 1972)
1888 - David Jacobs, Welsh athlete (d. 1976)
1889 - Fritz Pfeffer, German dentist and Holocaust victim (d. 1944)
1893 – Joachim von Ribbentrop, Nazi foreign minister (d. 1946)
1895 - Philippe Paneton, Canadian physician, academic and diplomat (d. 1960)
1897 - Humberto Mauro, Brazilian director and screenwriter (d. 1983)
1901 1950
1901 – Simon Kuznets, Ukrainian-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985)
1902 – Theodore Schultz, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
1905 – Sergey Nikolsky, Russian mathematician (d. 2012)
1908 – Eve Arden, American actress (d. 1990)
1908 – Bjarni Benediktsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1970)
1909 – Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (d. 2004)
1913 - Ilmar Raud, Estonian chess player (d. 1941)
1915 - Elio Toaff, Italian rabbi (d. 2015)
1916 – Claude Shannon, American engineer and mathematician (d. 2001)
1916 – Robert Shaw, American conductor (d. 1999)
1917 - Bea Wain, American singer (d. 2017)
1918 - Don McNeill, American tennis player (d. 1996)
1923 - Al Lewis, American actor (d. 2006)
1923 - Kagamisato Kiyoji, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 2004)
1925 – Johnny Horton, American musician (d. 1960)
1925 - Corinne Calvet, French actress (d. 2001)
1926 - Cloris Leachman, American actress (d. 2021)
1930 - Félix Guattari, French psychologist (d. 1992)
1932 – Antonio Tejero, Spanish coup leader
1933 - Darwin Hindman, American politician (d. 2019)
1938 - Lucho Avilés, Uruguayan-Argentine entertainment journalist (d. 2019)
1938 - Gary Collins, American actor (d. 2012)
1938 – Larry Niven, American writer
1939 - Pieter van Vollenhoven, brother-in-law to Beatrix of the Netherlands
1940 - Ermindo Onega, Argentine footballer
1940 – Burt Young, American actor
1941 – Johnny Farina, American guitarist (Santo and Johnny)
1941 - Stavros Dimas, Greek politician
1941 - Buddy Cianci, American politician (d. 2016)
1942 - Maurizio Arcieri, Italian singer (d. 2015)
1943 – Bobby Vee, American singer (d. 2016)
1943 – Frederick Chiluba, former President of Zambia (d. 2011)
1944 - Jon Bing, Norwegian writer and law professor (d. 2014)
1944 – Jill Clayburgh, American actress (d. 2010)
1944 – Rudi Assauer, German footballer (d. 2019)
1945 – Annie Dillard, American writer
1945 – Michael Smith, American astronaut (d. 1986)
1945 - Lara Saint Paul, Italian-Eritrean singer (d. 2018)
1946 – King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden
1946 – Sven Nordqvist, Swedish writer and illustrator
1946 – Bill Plympton, American animator and director
1946 – Don Schollander, American swimmer
1947 - Mats Odell, Swedish politician
1947 - Bruce Hampton, American musician (d. 2017)
1947 - Leslie Grantham, English actor (d. 2018)
1947 - Thomas Goppel, German politician
1948 – Perry King, American actor
1949 – Phil Garner, American baseball manager
1949 – António Guterres, Secretary-General of the United Nations and former Prime Minister of Portugal
1951 1975
1951 - Ken Whiteley, Canadian folk musician
1952 - Jacques Audiard, French movie director and screenwriter
1953 - Merrill Osmond, American actor and singer (The Osmonds)
1954 – Jane Campion, New Zealand movie director
1954 - Kim Darroch, British diplomat
1955 - Julio Cobos, Argentine politician
1955 – Nicolas Hulot, French journalist and writer
1956 – Jorge Chaminé, Portuguese baritone
1956 – Lars von Trier, Danish movie director
1957 - Aviva Chomsky, American historian and author
1957 - Giuseppe Sannino, Italian footballer
1958 - Charles Berling, French actor, director and producer
1959 - Paul Gross, Canadian actor, producer, director, singer and writer
1959 – Stephen Harper, 22nd Prime Minister of Canada
1960 - David Miscavige, leader of the Church of Scientology
1961 – Isiah Thomas, American basketball player, coach, and team owner
1961 – Thomas Schaaf, German footballer
1961 - Franky Van der Elst, Belgian footballer
1962 - Nikolai Fomenko, Russian musician, actor and racing driver
1964 - Lorenzo Staelens, Belgian footballer
1964 – Barrington Levy, Jamaican musician
1964 - Ian Healy, English cricketer
1967 - Steven Mackintosh, English actor
1969 – Justine Greening, English politician
1969 – Paulo Jr., Brazilian bassist (Sepultura)
1969 – Clark Vogeler, American guitarist (The Toadies)
1973 – Naomi Novik, American writer
1975 – Elliott Sadler, American race car driver
1975 - Johnny Galecki, American actor
From 1976
1976 - Amanda Palmer, American musician and songwriter
1978 – Tom Fulp, Newgrounds creator
1978 – Simone Barone, Italian footballer
1979 – Gerardo Torrado, Mexican footballer
1980 - Sam Heughan, Scottish actor
1980 - Jeroen Verhoeven, Dutch footballer
1981 – Kunal Nayyar, British actor
1981 – John O'Shea, Irish footballer
1982 – Kirsten Dunst, American actress
1982 – Justin Green, National Football League fullback
1982 - Drew Seeley, Canadian-American singer-songwriter, dancer and actor
1983 - Chris Carr, American football player
1983 – Nenad Milijas, Serbian footballer
1983 – Tatjana Hüfner, German luger
1983 – Troy Williamson, American football player
1984 - Seimone Augustus, American basketball player
1984 - Sophie Turner, Australian model, television personality and lawyer
1985 - Gal Gadot, Israeli model and actress
1986 – Dianna Agron, American actress
1987 - Rohit Sharma, Indian cricketer
1989 - Jang Wooyoung, South Korean singer
1989 - Baauer, American DJ and producer
1990 - Jonny Brownlee, English triathlete
1990 - Michael Schulte, German singer
1991 - Kaarel Nurmsalu, Estonian ski jumper
1992 - Marc-André ter Stegen, German footballer
2002 - Miguel Urdangarín y de Borbon, Spanish royal
Deaths
Up to 1900
65 – Lucan, Roman poet (born 39)
1030 - Mahmud of Ghazni, Indian ruler of the Ghaznavid Dynasty (b. 971)
1063 – Emperor Renzong of China (born 1010)
1131 - Adjutor, French knight and saint
1341 - John III, Duke of Brittany (born 1285)
1439 - Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, English military leader (born 1382)
1513 – Edmund de la Pole, Yorkist claimant to the English throne
1544 - Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, Lord Chancellor of England
1550 - Tabinshwehti, King of Burma (born 1516)
1555 – Pope Marcellus II (born 1501)
1632 – King Sigismund of Sweden (born 1561)
1632 – Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, military leader in the Thirty Years' War (born 1559)
1637 - Niwa Nagashige, Japanese daimyo (born 1571)
1660 - Petrus Scriverius, Dutch writer (born 1576)
1672 - Marie of the Incarnation, French-Canadian nun and saint (born 1599)
1736 – Johann Albert Fabricius, German classical scholar and bibliographer (born 1668)
1792 – John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, English politician (born 1718)
1795 - Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, French numismatist (born 1716)
1806 - Onogawa Kisaburo, Japanese sumo wrestler (born 1758)
1847 - Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen, Austrian nobleman and general (born 1771)
1863 - Jean Danjou, French captain (b. 1828)
1865 – Robert FitzRoy, British admiral and meteorologist (born 1805)
1879 - Emma Hale Smith Bidamon, American religious leader (born 1804)
1883 – Edouard Manet, French painter (born 1832)
1895 – Gustav Freytag, German writer and journalist (born 1810)
1901 2000
1903 - Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and suffragist (born 1831)
1906 - James E. Boyd, Irish-American politician, 8th Governor of Nebraska (born 1834)
1926 – Bessie Coleman, American pilot (born 1892)
1933 – Luis Miguel Sanchez Cerro, President of Peru (born 1889)
1936 - Alfred Edward Housman, English poet (born 1859)
1943 - Otto Jespersen, Danish linguist (born 1860)
1945 – Eva Braun, mistress and wife of Adolf Hitler (born 1912)
1945 – Adolf Hitler, Austrian politician, Nazi leader (born 1889)
1956 – Alben W. Barkley, Vice President of the United States (born 1877)
1966 - Richard Farina, American writer and singer (born 1837)
1970 - Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (born 1934)
1974 – Agnes Moorehead, American actress (born 1900)
1980 - Luis Munoz Marin, Puerto Rican poet, journalist and politician (born 1898)
1983 – George Balanchine, Georgian-born dancer and choreographer (born 1904)
1983 – Muddy Waters, American musician (born 1915)
1983 - Edouard Wyss-Dunant, Swiss physician and mountaineer (born 1897)
1989 – Sergio Leone, Italian movie director (born 1929)
1989 - Bangja, Crown Princess Eumin of Korea (born 1901)
1990 - Mario Pizziolo, Italian footballer (born 1909)
1993 – Mario Evaristo, Argentine footballer (born 1908)
1994 – Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian racecar driver (born 1960)
1994 - Richard Scarry, American children's author and illustrator (born 1919)
1995 – Maung Maung Kha, Burmese politician (born 1920)
1999 – Alf Ramsey, English football manager (born 1920)
2000 - Poul Hartling, 36th Prime Minister of Denmark (born 1914)
From 2001
2003 - Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (born 1923)
2006 – Corinne Rey-Bellet, Swiss ski racer (born 1972)
2007 – Gregory Lemarchal, French singer (born 1983)
2009 - Venetia Burney, English girl who named the dwarf planet Pluto (born 1918)
2009 - Henk Nijdam, Dutch cyclist (born 1935)
2010 – Paul Mayer, German cardinal (born 1911)
2011 – Ernesto Sabato, Argentine writer and physicist (born 1911)
2011 - Dorjee Khandu, Indian politician, 6th Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh (born 1955)
2012 – Tomas Borge, Nicaraguan politician (born 1930)
2012 – Alexander Dale Oen, Norwegian swimmer (born 1985)
2012 - George Murdock, American actor (born 1928)
2013 - Mike Gray, American writer, screenwriter, cinematographer and producer (b. 1935)
2014 - Ian Ross, Australian TV news presenter (b. 1940)
2014 - Chris Harris, English actor, director and writer (b. 1942)
2015 - Gregory Mertens, Belgian footballer (b. 1991)
2015 - Patachou, French actress and singer (b. 1918)
2015 - Ben E. King, American singer (b. 1938)
2015 - Lennart Bodström, Swedish politician (b. 1928)
2015 - William Pfaff, American author and columnist (b. 1928)
2015 - Ronald Senator, British composer (b. 1926)
2015 - Nigel Terry, British actor (b. 1945)
2015 - David Fonseca, Belizean politician (b. 1954)
2016 - Harry Kroto, British chemist (b. 1939)
2016 - Daniel Aaron, American writer and academic (b. 1912)
2016 - Daniel Berrigan, American priest, poet and activist (b. 1921)
2016 - Marisol Escobar, French-born American sculptor (b. 1930)
2016 - Uwe Friedrichsen, German actor (b. 1934)
2016 - Peter Thomas, American narrator (b. 1924)
2016 - Vasily Zvyagintsev, Russian science fiction author (b. 1944)
2017 - Ueli Steck, Swiss mountaineer and rock climber (b. 1976)
2017 - Belchior, Brazilian singer and composer (b. 1946)
2017 - Mbah Gotho, Indonesian claimed supercentenarian (b. claimed 1870)
2017 - Lorna Gray, American actress (b. 1917)
2017 - Raymond P. Kogovsek, American politician (b. 1941)
2017 - Boris Oleynik, Ukrainian poet, translator and politician (b. 1935)
2017 - Jean Stein, American author and editor (b. 1934)
2018 - Joel Kovel, American environmentalist and anti-war activist (b. 1936)
2018 - Rose Laurens, French singer-songwriter (b. 1943)
2018 - Geneviève Claisse, French painter (b. 1935)
2018 - Anatole Katok, Russian-American mathematician (b. 1944)
2018 - John Treacher, British admiral (b. 1924)
2019 - Anémone, French actress (b. 1950)
2019 - Beth Carvalho, Brazilian samba singer (b. 1946)
2019 - Luciano Comaschi, Italian footballer (b. 1931)
2019 - Peter Mayhew, English-American actor (b. 1944)
2019 - S. P. Y. Reddy, Indian politician (b. 1950)
Observances
Queen's Day in the Netherlands (birthday of Queen Juliana), celebrated on this date from 1949 to 2013
King Carl XVI Gustaf's birthday, official Flag Day in Sweden
Walpurgis Night (Central and Northern Europe)
International Jazz Day
Liberation Day (Vietnam)
Children's Day (Mexico)
Armed Forces Day (Georgia)
Days of the year |
9888 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2016 | April 16 |
Events
Up to 1900
73 – Masada, a Jewish fortress, falls to the Romans after several months of siege.
1520 - The Revolt of the Comuneros begins in Spain against the rule of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
1521 - Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther's first appearance before the Diet of Worms to be examined by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and other estates of the empire.
1570 – The revolt of the Comuneros begins against Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
1582 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Lerma founds the city of Salta, Argentina.
1705 - Isaac Newton is knighted, becoming a Sir.
1746 – The Battle of Culloden is fought near Inverness, Scotland, as a Highlander army is defeated by a Lowlander army, lead by the Duke of Cumberland.
1780 – The University of Muenster in Germany is founded.
1799 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Mount Tabor - Napoleon Bonaparte drives the Ottoman Turks across the river Jordan near Acre, in present-day Israel.
1818 - The United States Senate ratifies the Rush-Bagot Treaty, establishing the border with Canada.
1847 - The accidental shooting of a Maori by an English sailor results in the start of the Wanganui Campaign of the New Zealand Land Wars.
1853 – India's first passenger rail opens from Bori Bunder, Bombay to Thane.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle at Lee's Mills, Virginia
1863 – American Civil War: Siege of Vicksburg
1881 – Bat Masterson fights his last gun battle in Dodge City, Kansas.
1888 – Germany annexes Nauru.
1894 - Manchester City F.C. is formed from Ardwick F.C.
1901 2000
1908 – The Natural Bridges National Monument is created in Utah.
1912 – Harriet Quimby becomes the first woman to fly an airplane across the English Channel.
1917 - Vladimir Lenin returns to Petrograd from exile in Switzerland.
1919 - Mahatma Gandhi organizes a day of "Prayer and Fasting" in response to the killing of Indian protestors in Amritsar, in the Jallianwala Massacre by British colonial troops three days earlier.
1919 - Polish-Soviet War: The Polish army launches the Vilna offensive to capture Vilnius in present-day Lithuania.
1922 – The Treaty of Rapallo is signed, re-establishing diplomatic relations between Germany and Soviet Russia.
1925 - A Communist assault on Saint Nedelya Church in Sofia, Bulgaria, kills 150 people.
1941 – World War II: Italian convoy Duisburg is destroyed by British ships.
1941 - A Fascist government led by Ante Pavelic comes to power in Croatia.
1941 - Bob Feller of the Cleveland Indians throws the only opening day no-hitter in Major League Baseball, defeating the Chicago White Sox 1-0.
1943 – Albert Hofmann first discovers the psychedelic effects of LSD.
1944 – World War II: The Allied bombing of Belgrade kills around 1,100 people.
1945 – World War II: The Red Army begins its final assault on German forces around Berlin.
1945 – World War II: German refugee ship Goya is sunk by a Soviet submarine torpedo, killing around 7,000 people.
1947 – Texas City, Texas, is set on fire after an explosion on a freighter, killing around 600 people.
1947 – Bernard Baruch first uses the term Cold War.
1953 – Queen Elizabeth II launches the royal yacht HMY Britannia.
1961 - Fidel Castro declares himself a Marxist-Leninist and that Cuba is officially adopting Communism.
1962 – Walter Cronkite becomes the lead anchor of CBS Evening News.
1963 – Martin Luther King, Jr. writes the 'Letter from Birmingham Jail' while imprisoned in Birmingham, Alabama for protesting against racial segregation.
1964 – The participants of the Great Train Robbery are sentenced to prison.
1972 – Apollo 16 is launched.
1990 – Jack Kevorkian participates in his first assisted suicide.
1992 – The Katina P runs aground off Maputo, Mozambique, spilling around 60,000 tons of crude oil into the Indian Ocean.
1994 - Hutu soldiers in Rwanda begin the Massacre of Nyarubuye on the Tutsi people. By the time it ends the next day, around 2,000 people have been killed.
1996 - Basketball: The Chicago Bulls win a record 70th game in one NBA season. The team's most famous player at the time was Michael Jordan.
From 2001
2001 – India and Bangladesh begin a five-day border war.
2003 – The Treaty of Accession is signed in Athens, allowing 10 new members to join the EU on May 1, 2004.
2007 – Seung-Hui Cho, kills 33 people, including himself in the Virginia Tech massacre, the worst shooting spree in modern US history.
2012 – Anders Behring Breivik goes on trial for the July 22, 2011 Norway attacks.
2013 - A magnitude 7.8 earthquake strikes southeast Iran, near the border with Pakistan. Damage is reported on both sides of the border.
2014 - The MV Sewol ferry, travelling from Incheon to Jeju Island off the south coast of South Korea, sinks near Jindo Island off the southwest coast, killing 295 people.
2014 - Scientists announce the possible discovery of a new moon of Saturn being created out of its rings.
2016 - A large scale earthquake strikes Ecuador.
2017 - Turkey holds a referendum on changing the constitution to that of a Presidential republic; Results indicate just over half of voters support the proposal.
2019 - The Notre-Dame de Paris fire, which broke out the previous evening, is extinguished by firefighters.
Births
Up to 1800
778 – King Louis the Pious (d. 840)
1319 – King John II of France (d. 1364)
1488 - Jungjong of Joseon of Korea (d. 1544)
1495 – Petrus Apianus, German mathematician (d. 1557)
1516 – Tabinshwehti, King of Burma (d. 1550)
1619 - Jan van Riebeeck, Dutch ship doctor, salesman and colonial official (d. 1677)
1646 - Jules Hardouin Mansart, French architect (d. 1708)
1652 – Pope Clement XII (d. 1740)
1660 – Hans Sloane, English scientist (d. 1753)
1661 – Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax, English poet and statesman (d. 1715)
1682 – John Hadley, English inventor (d. 1744)
1693 – Anne Sophie Reventlow, Queen of Denmark and Norway (d. 1743)
1728 - Joseph Black, Scottish scientist who discovered carbon gas (d. 1799)
1730 - Henry Clinton, English general and politician (d. 1795)
1786 – John Franklin, British royal navy officer and Arctic explorer (d. 1847)
1799 - John Wesley Davis, American politician (d. 1850)
1801 1900
1808 - Caleb Blood Smith, American journalist and politician (d. 1864)
1821 – Ford Madox Brown, English painter (d. 1893)
1823 - Gotthold Eisenstein, German mathematician and academic (d. 1852)
1838 - Ernest Solvay, Belgian chemist (d. 1922)
1839 – Antonio Starabba, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1908)
1844 – Anatole France, French writer (d. 1924)
1847 – Hans Auer, Swiss architect (d. 1906)
1848 - Kandukuri Veerasalingam, Indian social reformer (d. 1919)
1863 - Emile Friant, French painter (d. 1932)
1866 - Jose de Diego, Puerto Rican statesman and journalist (d. 1918)
1867 – Wilbur Wright of the Wright brothers, air travel pioneer (d. 1912)
1868 - Spottiswoode Aitken, Scottish-American actor (d. 1933)
1871 - Henry Stephenson, English actor (d. 1956)
1871 – John Millington Synge, Irish writer (d. 1909)
1885 – Leo Weiner, Hungarian composer and music educator (d. 1960)
1886 – Ernst Thaelmann, German politician (d. 1944)
1886 - Margaret Woodrow Wilson, daughter of Woodrow Wilson (d. 1944)
1887 – Gudjon Samuelsson, Icelandic architect (d. 1950)
1888 - Billy Minter, English footballer (d. 1940)
1889 – Charlie Chaplin, British actor and movie producer (d. 1977)
1890 - Vernon Sturdee, Australian army commander (d. 1966)
1890 – Michalis Dorizas, Greek javelin thrower (d. 1957)
1890 - Nikolai Trubetzkoy, Russian linguist and ethnologist (d. 1938)
1893 - Federico Mompou, Catalan composer and pianist (d. 1987)
1894 - Ernst Ziegler, German actor (d. 1974)
1895 - Ove Arup, English-Danish engineer (d. 1988)
1896 – Pat Clayton, British surveyor and explorer (d. 1962)
1896 – Tristan Tzara, Romanian poet (d. 1963)
1900 – Polly Adler, Russian-born writer (d. 1962)
1901 1950
1905 – Frits Philips, Dutch businessman (d. 2005)
1907 - Joseph-Armand Bombardier, Canadian inventor of the snowmobile (d. 1964)
1908 - Ray Ventura, French pianist and bandleader (d. 1979)
1911 - Guy Burgess, English-Soviet spy (d. 1963)
1912 – Catherine Scorsese, Italian-American actress (d. 1997)
1915 - Joan Alexander, American actress (d. 2009)
1917 - Barry Nelson, American actor (d. 2007)
1917 - Charlotte Salomon, German artist (d. 1943)
1918 – Spike Milligan, Irish comedian (d. 2002)
1919 – Merce Cunningham, American choreographer (d. 2009)
1921 - Wolfgang Leonhard, German historian and author (d. 2014)
1921 – Peter Ustinov, British actor (d. 2004)
1922 – Kingsley Amis, British writer (d. 1995)
1922 – Samuel Youd, British writer (d. 2012)
1922 - Leo Tindemans, 43rd Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2014)
1923 - Arch A. Moore, Jr., American politician, 28th and 30th Governor of West Virginia (d. 2015)
1924 – Henry Mancini, American composer (d. 1994)
1924 - Rudy Pompilli, American musician (d. 1976)
1927 - Peter Mark Richman, American actor
1927 – Pope Benedict XVI
1930 – Herbie Mann, American jazz flute player (d. 2003)
1932 - Henk Schouten, Dutch footballer (d. 2018)
1933 – Joan Bakewell, British broadcaster
1933 - Vera Krepkina, Russian long jumper
1933 - Marcos Alonso Imaz, Spanish footballer (d. 2012)
1934 - Robert Stigwood, Australian-British music entrepreneur (d. 2016)
1934 - Barrie Unsworth, Australian politician, 38th Premier of New South Wales
1935 – Sarah Kirsch, German writer (d. 2013)
1935 - Dominique Venner, French historian and writer (d. 2013)
1935 - Bobby Vinton, American musician
1936 - Derrick Sherwin, English television producer and actor (d. 2018)
1937 - Vince Hill, English singer-songwriter and record producer
1937 - Vadim Kuzmin, Russian physicist (d. 2015)
1938 - Gordon Wilson, Scottish politician (d. 2017)
1939 – Dusty Springfield, British singer (d. 1999)
1940 – Queen Margrethe II of Denmark
1940 - Konstantin K. Kuzminsky, Russian poet (d. 2015)
1941 - Cliff Stearns, American businessman and politician
1942 – Frank Williams, Formula One team principal
1944 – Richard Bradshaw, British opera conductor
1944 - Dennis Russell Davies, American conductor and pianist
1944 - Elmar Wepper, German actor
1945 - Tom Allen, American politician
1946 - Margot Adler, American author, journalist and Wiccan priest (d. 2014)
1946 - Ernst Bakker, Dutch politician (d. 2014)
1947 – Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, American basketball player
1947 – Gerry Rafferty, Scottish musician (d. 2011)
1949 - Ann Romney, wife of Mitt Romney and former First Lady of Massachusetts
1951 1975
1951 – Björgvin Halldórsson, Icelandic singer
1951 – Ari Kristinsson, Icelandic director and screenwriter
1951 - Bill Walker, American politician, former Governor of Alaska
1952 - Bill Belichick, American football coach
1952 - Yoshikazu Nagai, Japanese footballer
1952 - Billy West, American voice actor
1954 - Ellen Barkin, American actress
1954 - Sibylle Lewitscharoff, German author
1955 – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
1956 - David M. Brown, American captain, pilot and astronaut (d. 2003)
1960 - Wahab Akbar, Filipino politician (d. 2007)
1960 – Rafael Benítez, Spanish football manager
1960 – Pierre Littbarski, German footballer
1961 - Jarbom Gamlin, Indian politician, 7th Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh (d. 2014)
1963 – Jimmy Osmond, American singer
1963 - Saleem Malik, Pakistani cricketer
1964 - Esbjörn Svensson, Swedish jazz pianist (d. 2008)
1965 - Jon Cryer, American actor, screenwriter, movie director and producer
1965 - Martin Lawrence, American actor and comedian
1965 - Michael Wong Man Tak, Hong Kong actor and singer
1968 – Martin Dahlin, Swedish footballer
1969 – Patrik Jaerbyn, Swedish ski racer
1969 - Michael Baur, Austrian footballer
1970 – Gabrielle, English singer
1971 – Selena, Mexican-American singer (d. 1995)
1971 - Natasha Zvereva, Belarussian tennis player
1971 - Max Beesley, English actor and singer
1971 - Peter Billingsley, American actor, director and producer
1972 - Conchita Martínez, Spanish tennis player
1973 - Akon, American singer
1975 – Sean Maher, American actor
From 1976
1976 - Shu Qi, Taiwanese actress
1976 - Robert Dahlqvist, Swedish guitarist and singer (d. 2017)
1977 – Fredrik Ljungberg, Swedish footballer
1977 - Thomas Rasmussen, Danish footballer
1977 – Alek Wek, Sudanese model
1978 - Lara Dutta, Indian actress and model
1978 - Igor Tudor, Croatian footballer
1978 - Nikki Griffin, American actress
1979 - Sixto Peralta, Argentine footballer
1979 – Sean Costello, American blues musician (d. 2008)
1982 - Gina Carano, American actress, television personality, model and former mixed martial artist
1982 - Boris Diaw, French basketball player
1983 - Marié Digby, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and actress
1984 – Claire Foy, British actress
1985 – Luol Deng, Sudanese-British basketball player
1985 – Brendon Leonard, New Zealand rugby player
1985 - Sam Tillen, English footballer
1985 – Taye Taiwo, Nigerian footballer
1986 – Shinji Okazaki, Japanese footballer
1986 – Paul di Resta, Scottish racing driver
1986 - Epke Zonderland, Dutch gymnast
1987 – Aaron Lennon, English footballer
1987 - Aleksander Vinter, Norwegian musician
1988 - Hayley Squires, British actress
1990 - Lily Loveless, British actress
1990 – Lorraine Nicholson, American actress
1991 - Kim Kyung-jung, South Korean footballer
1992 – Prince Sébastien of Luxembourg
1993 – Mirai Nagasu, American figure skater
1993 - Chance the Rapper, American singer and rapper
1994 – Liliana Mumy, American actress
1996 - Kento Misao, Japanese footballer
2002 - Sadie Sink, American actress
2008 – Princess Eléonore of Belgium
Deaths
Up to 1900
69 – Otho, Roman Emperor (b. 32)
665 - Fructuosus of Braga, French archbishop and saint
744 – al-Walid II ibn Abd al-Malik, Umayyad caliph
1113 - Sviatopolk II of Kiev (b. 1050)
1118 - Adelaide of Vasto, Italian wife of Roger II of Sicily (b. 1075)
1198 – Duke Frederick I of Austria
1687 - George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman and poet (b. 1628)
1689 – Aphra Behn, dramatist (b. ca. 1640)
1742 - Stefano Benedetto Pallavicino, Italian poet (b. 1672)
1756 - Jacques Cassini, French astronomer (b. 1677)
1783 - Christian Mayer, Czech astronomer (b. 1719)
1788 – Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist (b. 1707)
1828 – Francisco de Goya, Spanish painter (b. 1746)
1846 - Domenico Dragonetti, Italian composer (b. 1763)
1850 – Marie Tussaud, French creator of waxworks (Madame Tussaud's) (b. 1761)
1859 – Alexis de Tocqueville, French historian (b. 1805)
1879 – Bernadette Soubirous, French Roman Catholic saint (b. 1844)
1888 – Zygmunt Florenty Wroblewski, Polish physicist (b. 1845)
1898 - Robert Milligan McLane, Governor of Maryland (b. 1815)
1899 - Emilio Jacinto, Filipino poet and revolutionary (b. 1875)
1901 2000
1904 – Samuel Smiles, Scottish writer and reformer (b. 1812)
1914 – George William Hill, astronomer (b. 1838)
1915 – Nelson W. Aldrich, Senator from Rhode Island (b. 1841)
1930 - Jose Carlos Mariategui, Peruvian journalist, philosopher and activist (b. 1894)
1934 - John J. Blaine, 24th Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1875)
1938 – Steve Bloomer, English footballer (b. 1874)
1941 - Hans Driesch, German biologist and philosopher (b. 1867)
1942 - Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1878)
1946 – Arthur Chevrolet, Swiss-born race car driver and Automobile designer (b. 1884)
1958 – Rosalind Franklin, British chemist (b. 1920)
1968 - Fay Bainter, American actress (b. 1893)
1968 – Edna Ferber, American writer (b. 1885)
1972 – Kawabata Yasunari, Japanese writer (b. 1899)
1973 - Istvan Kertesz, Hungarian conductor (b. 1929)
1973 - Nino Bravo, Spanish pop singer (b. 1944)
1978 – Lucius Clay, American general (b. 1897)
1978 - Philibert Tsiranana, President of Madagascar (b. 1912)
1985 – Scott Brady, American actor (b. 1924)
1988 - Khalil al-Wazir, Palestinian military leader (b. 1935)
1991 – David Lean, American movie director (b. 1908)
1991 - Sergio Peresson, Italian violin maker (b. 1913)
1992 – Neville Brand, actor (b. 1920)
1994 – Ralph Ellison, American writer (b. 1914)
1995 – Iqbal Masih, Pakistani child slave (b. 1982)
1996 - Lucille Bremer, American actress and dancer (b. 1927)
1997 – Doris Angleton, American socialite (b. 1951)
1997 - Roland Topor, French actor, director and painter (b. 1938)
1998 – Fred Davis, English snooker player (b. 1913)
1998 – Marie-Louise Meilleur, Canadian supercentenarian (b. 1880)
From 2001
2001 – Michael Ritchie, American movie director (b. 1938)
2002 - Oliver Eggimann, Swiss footballer (b. 1919)
2002 – Ruth Fertel, American restaurateur (b. 1927)
2002 – Robert Urich, American actor (b. 1946)
2003 – Graham Stuart Thomas, British horticultural artist, writer, and garden designer (b. 1909)
2005 – Kay Walsh, British actress (b. 1911)
2007 – Deaths in the Virginia Tech Massacre:
Jocelyne Couture-Nowak, Canadian French instructor (b. 1958)
Kevin Granata, American professor of languages (b. 1961)
Liviu Librescu, Romanian-born engineer and professor (b. 1930)
Seung-Hui Cho, perpetrator of the Virginia Tech massacre (b. 1984)
2007 – Maria Lenk, Brazilian swimmer (b. 1915)
2008 - Edward Norton Lorenz, American mathematician and meteorologist (b. 1917)
2010 – Carlos Franqui, Cuban writer and political activist (b. 1921)
2010 - Tomas Spidlik, Czech cardinal (b. 1919)
2011 - Allan Blakeney, Canadian politician, 10th Premier of Saskatchewan (b. 1925)
2012 – Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller, Danish shipping magnate (b. 1913)
2013 - Pat Summerall, American football player (b. 1930)
2013 - Pentti Lund, Finnish-Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1925)
2013 - George Beverly Shea, Canadian-American gospel singer (b. 1909)
2013 - Ali Kafi, Algerian politician (b. 1928)
2014 - Gyude Bryant, Liberian politician (b. 1949)
2014 - Ernst Florian Winter, Austrian-American historian and political scientist (b. 1923)
2014 - Albert André, German Roman Catholic priest (b. 1930)
2015 - Valery Belousov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1948)
2015 - Attaphol Buspakom, Thai footballer and coach (b. 1962)
2015 - Stanislav Gross, 5th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (b. 1969)
2015 - Lee Remmel, American PR spokesman (b. 1924)
2015 - Oles Buzina, Ukrainian journalist (b. 1969)
2015 - Johnny Kemp, Bahamian singer (b. 1959)
2015 - Heino Kleiminger, German footballer (b. 1939)
2016 - Rubén Mendoza Ayala, Mexican politician (b. 1961)
2016 - Jeanette Bonnier, Swedish media proprietor, journalist and author (b. 1934)
2016 - Rod Daniel, American film director (b. 1942)
2016 - William M. Gray, American meteorologist (b. 1929)
2016 - Charlie Hodge, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1933)
2016 - Louis Pilot, Luxembourgian footballer (b. 1940)
2016 - Helmut Rohde, German politician (b. 1925)
2016 - Peter Rock, Chilean musician and actor (b. 1945)
2016 - Kit West, British special effects artist (b. 1936)
2017 - Gianni Boncompagni, Italian television presenter, producer and screenwriter (b. 1932)
2017 - Arcan Cetin, Turkish-American terrorist (b. 1996)
2017 - Allan Holdsworth, British guitarist and composer (b. 1946)
2018 - Harry Anderson, American actor (b. 1952)
2018 - Choi Eun-hee, South Korean actress (b. 1926)
2018 - Dona Ivone Lara, Brazilian singer and composer (b. 1921)
2018 - Ivan Mauger, New Zealand motorcycle speedway rider (b. 1939)
2018 - Lynn Stout, American law scholar (b. 1957)
2018 - Pamela Gidley, American actress (b. 1965)
2018 - Henri Landwirth, Belgian-American hotelier (b. 1927)
2018 - Paul Singer, Austrian-Brazilian economist (b. 1932)
2019 - Ahmad Eghtedari, Iranian teacher, writer and lawyer (b. 1925)
2019 - Guro Fjellanger, Norwegian politician (b. 1964)
2019 - Jörg Demus, Austrian pianist (b. 1928)
2019 - Kent Harris, American songwriter and record producer (b. 1930)
2019 - Suzanne Twelftree, Australian wheelchair tennis player and powerlifter (b. 1956)
2019 - Hansjörg Auer, Austrian mountaineer (b. 1984)
2019 - David Lama, Austrian mountaineer (b. 1990)
2019 - Jess Roskelley, American mountaineer (b. 1982)
Observances
Birthday of Queen Margrethe II of Denmark
Emancipation Day (Washington, DC)
World Voice Day
Days of the year |