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gabrielaltay

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[ { "id": "30660901_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Physical Therapy Service delivered in the Polyclinic During the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 90 ] ] }, { "id": "30660901_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To characterize the Physical Therapy Services delivered at the Polyclinic during the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games. DESIGN: Retrospective Cohort Study. SETTING: Physical Therapy Services (PTS) of the Polyclinic. PARTICIPANTS: Athletes attended for Physical Therapy treatment at the Polyclinic during Rio 2016 Paralympic Games. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number of athletes treated, their nationalities, their sports modality, the most frequently treated regions and the interventions applied. RESULTS: A total of 4504 interventions were delivered and 399 athletes were treated in the PTS. Athletes representing athletics and sitting volleyball were the most frequently attended for treatment. The main diagnoses were muscle tension and tendinopathy. Analgesia was the main purpose of treatment and myofascial release and electrotherapy was the most frequent interventions. Recovery service had a total of 1579 encounters and male athletes used cryo-immersion 3 times more when compared to female. CONCLUSION: Athletes representing athletics and sitting volleyball were the most frequently attended for treatment and the thoracic/lumbar spine and pelvis/hip were the most commonly affected regions. Muscle strain and tendinopathy were the most frequent diagnoses and myofascial release and electrotherapy were the most frequent therapies used to achieve analgesia." ], "offsets": [ [ 91, 1461 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30660901_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "PARTICIPANTS" ], "offsets": [ [ 310, 322 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30660901_MESH:D052256_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tendinopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 834, 846 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D052256" } ] }, { "id": "30660901_MESH:D000699_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Analgesia" ], "offsets": [ [ 848, 857 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000699" } ] }, { "id": "30660901_64399_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "hip" ], "offsets": [ [ 1251, 1254 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "64399" } ] }, { "id": "30660901_MESH:D052256_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tendinopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 1314, 1326 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D052256" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17103174_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Yellow nails under bucillamine therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a report of two cases." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 87 ] ] }, { "id": "17103174_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 88 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17103174_MESH:C026535_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bucillamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 19, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C026535" } ] }, { "id": "17103174_MESH:D001172_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "rheumatoid arthritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 63 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001172" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3345771_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The future of the European Society of Cardiology." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "id": "3345771_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 50 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29151411_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Protective effect of thalidomide on ALI induced by paraquat poisoning in rats and its mechanism]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 98 ] ] }, { "id": "29151411_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of thalidomide on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by paraquat (PQ) poisoning in rats and its possible mechanism. METHODS: Sixty SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups with 10 rats in each group. The rat model of PQ poisoning was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of PQ solution 20 mg/kg (PQ model group), and the rats were treated by intraperitoneal injection of gradient thalidomide (50, 100, 200 mg/kg treatment groups) 30 minutes later continuously for 3 days. The normal saline (NS) control group and thalidomide control group (thalidomide 200 mg/kg) were established. After 3 days, the abdominal aorta blood was collected, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was determined by hydroxylamine method, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content was determined by thiobarbituric acid method. The rats were sacrificed for lung tissue, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The phosphorylation levels of p65 and inhibitor-alpha of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) (IkappaB-alpha), which were the NF-kappaB signaling pathway proteins, were determined by Western Blot. The pathological changes in lung tissue were observed under light microscope by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. RESULTS: Under microscope, obvious congestion of pulmonary interstitial and alveolar septum, a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration and thickened alveolar wall were observed after 3 days of PQ poisoning, and the congestion of pulmonary interstitial and alveolar septum, edema and inflammatory cells infiltration in the lung tissue were significantly reduced after treatment of 50, 100, 200 mg/kg thalidomide, but compared with NS control group, there was still a small amount of edema fluid, inflammatory cells and erythrocytes in the lungs tissue. Compared with the NS control group, serum MDA content and the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6, and the phosphorylation of p65 and IkappaB-alpha in lung tissue were significantly increased after PQ exposure, and the activity of serum SOD was significantly decreased. Treatment with 50, 100, 200 mg/kg thalidomide could significantly reduce the levels of MDA, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and phosphorylation of IkappaB-alpha and p65, and increase SOD activity, in a dose-dependent manner, and the levels were significantly different from PQ model group [MDA (mmol/L): 8.26+-1.20, 6.72+-1.18, 5.51+-1.44 vs. 9.02+-1.03, TNF-alpha (ng/mg): 3.00+-0.14, 1.84+-0.18, 1.58+-0.11 vs. 3.30+-0.14, IL-6 (ng/mg): 1.26+-0.04, 1.06+-0.04, 0.97+-0.08 vs. 1.97+-0.07, p-p65/p65: 6.01+-0.35, 3.64+-0.15, 2.89+-0.18 vs. 6.34+-0.23, p-IkappaB-alpha/IkappaB-alpha: 2.27+-0.13, 2.14+-0.22, 1.52+-0.14 vs. 2.96+-0.20, SOD (kU/L): 195.7+-19.3, 207.1+-25.6, 225.8+-23.1 vs. 188.2+-26.6, all P < 0.05]. There was no significant effect on lung by 200 mg/kg thalidomide alone. CONCLUSIONS: Thalidomide has a protective effect on ALI induced by PQ poisoning in rats in a dose-dependent manner, the mechanism may be achieved by reducing the level of oxygen free radicals, reducing the inflammatory factor and inhibiting the IkappaB-alpha/NF-kappaB signal pathway activation." ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 3343 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29151411_MESH:D013792_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thalidomide" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 33 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013792" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D010269_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "paraquat" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 60 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010269" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_10116_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D013792_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thalidomide" ], "offsets": [ [ 150, 161 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013792" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D055370_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lung injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 171, 182 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D055370" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D010269_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "paraquat" ], "offsets": [ [ 200, 208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010269" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D010269_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PQ" ], "offsets": [ [ 210, 212 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010269" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_10116_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 227, 231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_10116_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Wistar rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 279, 290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_10116_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 337, 341 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_10116_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 361, 364 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D010269_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PQ" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 376 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010269" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D010269_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PQ" ], "offsets": [ [ 434, 436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010269" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D010269_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PQ" ], "offsets": [ [ 456, 458 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010269" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_10116_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 481, 485 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_-_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "gradient thalidomide" ], "offsets": [ [ 531, 551 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D013792_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thalidomide" ], "offsets": [ [ 673, 684 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013792" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D013792_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thalidomide" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 711 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013792" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D013481_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "superoxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 804, 814 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013481" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D019811_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydroxylamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 858, 871 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019811" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D008315_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "malondialdehyde" ], "offsets": [ [ 886, 901 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008315" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D008315_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MDA" ], "offsets": [ [ 903, 906 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008315" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:C029684_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thiobarbituric acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 934, 953 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C029684" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_10116_23", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 966, 970 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24835_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "tumor necrosis factor-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1018, 1045 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24835" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24835_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNF-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1047, 1056 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24835" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24498_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "interleukin-6" ], "offsets": [ [ 1062, 1075 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24498" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24498_27", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-6" ], "offsets": [ [ 1077, 1081 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24498" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_25493_28", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IkappaB-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1237, 1250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "25493" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D006416_29", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hematoxylin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1419, 1430 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006416" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D004801_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "eosin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1431, 1436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004801" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_-_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "HE" ], "offsets": [ [ 1438, 1440 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D010269_32", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PQ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1653, 1655 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010269" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D004487_33", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 1733, 1738 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D013792_34", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thalidomide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1859, 1870 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013792" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D004487_35", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 1942, 1947 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24835_36", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNF-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 2084, 2093 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24835" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24498_37", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-6" ], "offsets": [ [ 2098, 2102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24498" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_25493_38", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IkappaB-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 2139, 2152 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "25493" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D010269_39", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PQ" ], "offsets": [ [ 2203, 2205 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010269" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24835_40", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNF-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 2367, 2376 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24835" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24498_41", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-6" ], "offsets": [ [ 2378, 2382 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24498" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_25493_42", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IkappaB-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 2407, 2420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "25493" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24835_43", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNF-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 2615, 2624 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24835" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_24498_44", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-6" ], "offsets": [ [ 2685, 2689 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24498" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_25493_45", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IkappaB-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 2814, 2827 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "25493" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_25493_46", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IkappaB-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 2828, 2841 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "25493" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D013792_47", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thalidomide" ], "offsets": [ [ 3029, 3040 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013792" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D013792_48", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Thalidomide" ], "offsets": [ [ 3061, 3072 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013792" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_MESH:D010269_49", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PQ" ], "offsets": [ [ 3115, 3117 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010269" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_10116_50", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 3131, 3135 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_-_51", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen free" ], "offsets": [ [ 3219, 3230 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "29151411_25493_52", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IkappaB-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 3293, 3306 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "25493" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30161457_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "On the Disease of the Hip-Joint, &c." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 36 ] ] }, { "id": "30161457_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 37 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31405231_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Healthy Planet, Healthy Youth: A Food Systems Education and Promotion Intervention to Improve Adolescent Diet Quality and Reduce Food Waste." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 140 ] ] }, { "id": "31405231_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Emerging evidence suggests a link between young people's interest in alternative food production practices and dietary quality. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a student-driven sustainable food systems education and promotion intervention on adolescent school lunch selection, consumption, and waste behaviors. Sixth grade science teachers at two middle schools (n = 268 students) implemented a standards-based curriculum on sustainable food systems, addressing the environmental impacts of food choices and food waste. The cumulating curriculum activity required the 6th grade students to share their food systems knowledge with their 7th and 8th grade counterparts (n = 426) through a cafeteria promotional campaign to discourage food waste. School-wide monthly plate waste assessments were used to evaluate changes in vegetable consumption and overall plate waste using a previously validated digital photography method. At baseline, the intervention students consumed significantly less vegetables relative to the control group (47.1% and 71.8% of vegetables selected, respectively (p = 0.006). This disparity was eliminated after the intervention with the intervention group consuming 69.4% and the control consuming 68.1% of selected vegetables (p = 0.848). At five months follow up, the intervention group wasted significantly less salad bar vegetables compared to the control group (24.2 g and 50.1 g respectively (p = 0.029). These findings suggest that food systems education can be used to promote improved dietary behaviors among adolescent youth." ], "offsets": [ [ 141, 1731 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31405231_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 189, 195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18046331_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "RNA-mediated epigenetic programming of a genome-rearrangement pathway." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 70 ] ] }, { "id": "18046331_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Genome-wide DNA rearrangements occur in many eukaryotes but are most exaggerated in ciliates, making them ideal model systems for epigenetic phenomena. During development of the somatic macronucleus, Oxytricha trifallax destroys 95% of its germ line, severely fragmenting its chromosomes, and then unscrambles hundreds of thousands of remaining fragments by permutation or inversion. Here we demonstrate that DNA or RNA templates can orchestrate these genome rearrangements in Oxytricha, supporting an epigenetic model for sequence-dependent comparison between germline and somatic genomes. A complete RNA cache of the maternal somatic genome may be available at a specific stage during development to provide a template for correct and precise DNA rearrangement. We show the existence of maternal RNA templates that could guide DNA assembly, and that disruption of specific RNA molecules disables rearrangement of the corresponding gene. Injection of artificial templates reprogrammes the DNA rearrangement pathway, suggesting that RNA molecules guide genome rearrangement." ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 1145 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18046331_1172189_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Oxytricha trifallax" ], "offsets": [ [ 271, 290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1172189" } ] }, { "id": "18046331_1172189_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Oxytricha" ], "offsets": [ [ 548, 557 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1172189" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15948847_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Phylogenetic relationships among A-genome species of the genus Oryza revealed by intron sequences of four nuclear genes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 120 ] ] }, { "id": "15948847_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The A-genome group in Oryza consists of eight diploid species and is distributed world-wide. Here we reconstructed the phylogeny among the A-genome species based on sequences of nuclear genes and MITE (miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements) insertions. Thirty-seven accessions representing two cultivated and six wild species from the A-genome group were sampled. Introns of four nuclear single-copy genes on different chromosomes were sequenced and analysed by both maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian inference methods. All the species except for Oryza rufipogon and Oryza nivara formed a monophyletic group and the Australian endemic Oryza meridionalis was the earliest divergent lineage. Two subspecies of Oryza sativa (ssp. indica and ssp. japonica) formed two separate monophyletic groups, suggestive of their polyphyletic origin. Based on molecular clock approach, we estimated that the divergence of the A-genome group occurred c. 2.0 million years ago (mya) while the two subspecies (indica and japonica) separated c. 0.4 mya. Intron sequences of nuclear genes provide sufficient resolution and are informative for phylogenetic inference at lower taxonomic levels." ], "offsets": [ [ 121, 1304 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15948847_4529_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Oryza rufipogon" ], "offsets": [ [ 680, 695 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4529" } ] }, { "id": "15948847_4536_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Oryza nivara" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 712 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4536" } ] }, { "id": "15948847_40149_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Oryza meridionalis" ], "offsets": [ [ 768, 786 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "40149" } ] }, { "id": "15948847_39946_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Oryza sativa (ssp. indica" ], "offsets": [ [ 841, 866 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "39946" } ] }, { "id": "15948847_39946_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "indica" ], "offsets": [ [ 1124, 1130 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "39946" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32547302_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The genus Scaptodrosophila Duda (Diptera, Drosophilidae), part III: the riverata species group from China, with morphological and molecular evidence for five new species." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 170 ] ] }, { "id": "32547302_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A new species group, the riverata species group, is established within the genus Scaptodrosophila based on morphological and molecular evidence for five known and five new species from China: S. abdentata sp. nov., S. cederholmi (Okada, 1988), S. crocata (Bock, 1976), S. paraclubata (Sundaran & Gupta, 1991), S. platyrhina sp. nov., S. puncticeps (Okada, 1956), S. riverata (Singh & Gupta, 1977), S. serrateifoliacea sp. nov., S. sinuata sp. nov. and S. tanyrhina sp. nov. A key to this group is provided. Furthermore, 51 mtDNA COI sequences belonging to S. puncticeps, S. riverata and the five new species are used for verifying species boundaries defined by the morphological data." ], "offsets": [ [ 171, 855 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32547302_1539980_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. puncticeps (Okada, 1956)" ], "offsets": [ [ 505, 532 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1539980" } ] }, { "id": "32547302_1539981_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. riverata (Singh & Gupta, 1977)" ], "offsets": [ [ 534, 567 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1539981" } ] }, { "id": "32547302_33121_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. sinuata" ], "offsets": [ [ 599, 609 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "33121" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17803161_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[The effect of dead space fraction on weaning from mechanical ventilation in COPD patients]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 92 ] ] }, { "id": "17803161_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common disease that tends to occur worldwide. Physiologically, COPD represents a disruption in ventilation and in the exchange of gases in the lungs. Laboratory tests indicate elevated CO2 level, gradual reduction of the levels of oxygen and pH in arterial blood, and a consequent rise in the Dead Space Fraction (DSF) of the lungs. OBJECTIVE: Patients with COPD represent a large portion of those artificially ventilated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). In an attempt to develop a prognostic tool for the length of treatment, we compared the proportion of DSF to the length of artificial respiration. METHODS: This study included 49 patients receiving ventilation due to exacerbation of COPD. Each patient's arterial blood gases (ABG) were measured upon admission. PECO2 was tested using a Datex S/5 instrument. Subsequently, DSF was calculated using the Bohr equation. Statistical data was analyzed using the SPSS-11 program. RESULTS: Patients included in the study were respirated from 5 to 161 hours (average 40 +/- 47). In addition to ABG measurements, PECO2 levels were measured and DSF calculated for each patient. DSF values varied from 0.22 to 0.74 (average 0.119 +/- 0.489). No correlation was found between DSF and length of artificial respiration. These findings do not contribute to the evaluation of the patient's condition nor do they enable us to predict the length of treatment necessary. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of Dead Space Fraction does not provide a factor in estimating the length of treatment for patients with acute respiratory failure due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)." ], "offsets": [ [ 93, 1768 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17803161_MESH:D029424_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COPD" ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 81 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D029424" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 82, 90 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D029424_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D029424" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D029424_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COPD" ], "offsets": [ [ 144, 148 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D029424" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D029424_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COPD" ], "offsets": [ [ 218, 222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D029424" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D002245_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CO2" ], "offsets": [ [ 340, 343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002245" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D010100_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 386, 392 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 499, 507 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D029424_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COPD" ], "offsets": [ [ 513, 517 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D029424" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 790, 798 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D029424_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COPD" ], "offsets": [ [ 844, 848 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D029424" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 855, 862 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1093, 1101 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PECO2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1214, 1219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1269, 1276 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1474, 1481 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1676, 1684 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D012131_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "respiratory failure" ], "offsets": [ [ 1696, 1715 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012131" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D029424_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 1723, 1760 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D029424" } ] }, { "id": "17803161_MESH:D029424_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COPD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1762, 1766 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D029424" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29671996_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Progress in biological effects and signaling pathway of Stat5 research]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 73 ] ] }, { "id": "29671996_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 74 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29671996_6776_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Stat5" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 62 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6776" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35052402_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Chitinase Chi 2 Positively Regulates Cucumber Resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 103 ] ] }, { "id": "35052402_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important vegetable crop worldwide, and Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc), severely restricts cucumber growth and yield. Accumulating lines of evidence indicate that chitinases play important roles in attacking the invading fungal pathogens through catalyzing their cell wall degradation. Here, we identified the chitinase (Chi) genes in cucumber and further screened the FW-responsive genes via a comparative transcriptome analysis and found that six common genes were predominantly expressed in roots but also significantly upregulated after Foc infection. Expression verification further conformed that Chi2 and Chi14 were obviously induced by Foc as well as by hormone treatments, compared with the controls. The purified Chi2 and Chi14 proteins significantly affected the growth of Foc in vitro, compared with the controls. Knockdown of Chi2 in cucumber by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) increased susceptibility to FW, compared with the Chi14-silenced and control plants, and silencing of Chi2 drastically impaired gene activation in the jasmonic acid pathway, suggesting that the Chi2 gene might play positive roles in cucumber FW defense and, therefore, can provide a gene resource for developing cucumber-FW-resistance breeding programs." ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 1431 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35052402_3659_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Cucumber" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 45 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3659" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_5508_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum" ], "offsets": [ [ 65, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "5508" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_3659_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Cucumber" ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 112 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3659" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_3659_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Cucumis sativus L" ], "offsets": [ [ 114, 131 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3659" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_5508_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Fusarium" ], "offsets": [ [ 180, 188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "5508" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_5508_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum" ], "offsets": [ [ 210, 247 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "5508" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_3659_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cucumber" ], "offsets": [ [ 274, 282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3659" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_101214593_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "chitinase" ], "offsets": [ [ 493, 502 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "101214593" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_101214593_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Chi" ], "offsets": [ [ 504, 507 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "101214593" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_3659_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cucumber" ], "offsets": [ [ 518, 526 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3659" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_MESH:D007239_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 728, 737 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_3659_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cucumber" ], "offsets": [ [ 1030, 1038 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3659" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_MESH:C011006_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "jasmonic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1229, 1242 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C011006" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_3659_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cucumber" ], "offsets": [ [ 1311, 1319 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3659" } ] }, { "id": "35052402_3659_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cucumber" ], "offsets": [ [ 1390, 1398 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3659" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21107916_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Outcome assessment via handheld computer in community mental health: consumer satisfaction and reliability." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 107 ] ] }, { "id": "21107916_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Computerized administration of mental health-related questionnaires has become relatively common, but little research has explored this mode of assessment in \"real-world\" settings. In the current study, 200 consumers at a community mental health center completed the BASIS-24 via handheld computer as well as paper and pen. Scores on the computerized BASIS-24 were compared with scores on the paper BASIS-24. Consumers also completed a questionnaire which assessed their level of satisfaction with the computerized BASIS-24. Results indicated that the BASIS-24 administered via handheld computer was highly correlated with pen and paper administration of the measure and was generally acceptable to consumers. Administration of the BASIS-24 via handheld computer may allow for efficient and sustainable outcomes assessment, adaptable research infrastructure, and maximization of clinical impact in community mental health agencies." ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 1039 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21107916_27344_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "pen" ], "offsets": [ [ 427, 430 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "27344" } ] }, { "id": "21107916_27344_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "pen" ], "offsets": [ [ 731, 734 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "27344" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6084056_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Subrenal capsule assay to test the viability of parenterally delivered mullerian inhibiting substance." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 102 ] ] }, { "id": "6084056_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Production of bovine mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS) has been increased to allow generation of large quantities of biologically active purified material. The limited MIS previously available allowed only pretreatment of tumors prior to colony inhibition or implanting in nude mice. In preparation for posttransplantation tumor treatment, a subrenal capsule assay, which was first used against human tumors heterotransplanted into nude mice and subsequently against those heterotransplanted into immunocompetent mice, was adapted to determine (1) if MIS preparations could traverse the bloodstream without degradation and (2) the optimal dose required to produce a biologic effect. Urogenital ridges from female 14-day-old rat embryos were transferred atraumatically to small pouches beneath the renal capsule of the immunocompetent male CDF1 mice. The cranial-caudal orientation of the ridge with its mullerian duct was maintained. Over the next 72 hours, the mice were injected via the tail vein with 0.1 mL of an MIS-containing solution over a 100-fold concentration range. After three days, the kidneys were removed and shaved just below the ridge, which was then placed in soft agar for orientation and subsequent serial sectioning. After fixation, dehydration, and paraffin embedding, sections were stained and regression of the mullerian duct was graded and compared according to concentration and number of MIS doses administered. Regression diminished from almost complete (4+) at the highest dose, to minimal (1 to 2+) at 1/100 of that dose. Heat-inactivated and vehicle controls caused no regression of the mullerian ducts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)" ], "offsets": [ [ 103, 1774 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6084056_11705_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "mullerian inhibiting substance" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 101 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11705" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_9913_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 123 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_280718_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "mullerian inhibiting substance" ], "offsets": [ [ 124, 154 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "280718" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_280718_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "MIS" ], "offsets": [ [ 156, 159 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "280718" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_11705_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "MIS" ], "offsets": [ [ 274, 277 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11705" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_MESH:D009369_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 328, 334 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_10090_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "nude mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 379, 388 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_MESH:D009369_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 429, 434 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 501, 506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_MESH:D009369_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 507, 513 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_10090_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "nude mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 538, 547 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_10090_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 619, 623 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_11705_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "MIS" ], "offsets": [ [ 657, 660 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11705" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_10116_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 830, 833 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_10090_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 950, 954 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_10090_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1068, 1072 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_11705_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "MIS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1123, 1126 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11705" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_MESH:D000362_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "agar" ], "offsets": [ [ 1290, 1294 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000362" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_MESH:D003681_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dehydration" ], "offsets": [ [ 1361, 1372 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003681" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_MESH:D010232_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "paraffin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1378, 1386 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010232" } ] }, { "id": "6084056_11705_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "MIS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1522, 1525 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11705" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9757301_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Impact factor: what for?]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 27 ] ] }, { "id": "9757301_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 28 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15588733_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effects of the mixed-action kappa/mu opioid agonist 8-carboxamidocyclazocine on cocaine- and food-maintained responding in rhesus monkeys." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 138 ] ] }, { "id": "15588733_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The present study evaluated the effects of 8-carboxamidocyclazocine (8-CAC), a novel mixed-action kappa/mu agonist with a long duration of action, on food- and cocaine-maintained responding in rhesus monkeys to assess the potential utility of 8-CAC as a medication for the treatment of cocaine dependence. The effects of acute and chronic (10 days) 8-CAC were examined in rhesus monkeys responding under a multiple schedule for both cocaine and food reinforcement. Acute 8-CAC (0.032-0.56 mg/kg, i.m.) dose-dependently eliminated cocaine-maintained responding in all three monkeys. However, doses of 8-CAC that decreased cocaine self-administration typically also decreased food-maintained responding, and 8-CAC-induced decreases in cocaine self-administration diminished during chronic 8-CAC treatment. These results confirm that 8-CAC acutely decreases cocaine self-administration. However, non-selective effects of 8-CAC on food-maintained responding and tolerance to 8-CAC effects on cocaine self-administration may limit its potential for the treatment of cocaine dependence." ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 1219 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15588733_MESH:C459385_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "8-carboxamidocyclazocine" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 76 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C459385" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D003042_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cocaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 87 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003042" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_9544_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rhesus monkeys" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 137 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9544" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:C459385_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "8-carboxamidocyclazocine" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 206 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C459385" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:C459385_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "8-CAC" ], "offsets": [ [ 208, 213 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C459385" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D003042_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cocaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 299, 306 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003042" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_9544_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rhesus monkeys" ], "offsets": [ [ 332, 346 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9544" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "-CAC" ], "offsets": [ [ 383, 387 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D019970_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cocaine dependence" ], "offsets": [ [ 425, 443 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019970" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_9544_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rhesus monkeys" ], "offsets": [ [ 511, 525 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9544" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D003042_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cocaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 572, 579 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003042" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D003042_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cocaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 669, 676 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003042" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D003042_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cocaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 760, 767 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003042" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D003042_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cocaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 872, 879 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003042" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D003042_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cocaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 994, 1001 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003042" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D003042_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cocaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1127, 1134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003042" } ] }, { "id": "15588733_MESH:D019970_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cocaine dependence" ], "offsets": [ [ 1200, 1218 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019970" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "699409_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Hemodynamic studies in patients with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) forearm grafts." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 92 ] ] }, { "id": "699409_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "21 patients with polytetrafluoroethylene grafts inserted for hemodialysis access were studied to assess the hemodynamic parameters. Mean graft flow was 1.9 l/min with a range of 0.2-3.8 l/min. Intragraft pressure varied from 1 to 83 mmHg and was dependent on systemic pressure, graft flow and the presence of stenotic lesions. Mean cardiac output was 7.1 l/min and index 4.0 l/min and was positively correlated with graft flow. By obtaining this data surgical corrective action was taken in several patients prospectively thus removing the abnormalities and ensuring continued graft patency. The techniques described are reproducible and simple and can be carried out in less than five minutes with minimal patient discomfort or hazard." ], "offsets": [ [ 93, 829 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "699409_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 23, 31 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "699409_MESH:D011138_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polytetrafluoroethylene" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011138" } ] }, { "id": "699409_MESH:D011138_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PTFE" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011138" } ] }, { "id": "699409_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 104 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "699409_MESH:D011138_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polytetrafluoroethylene" ], "offsets": [ [ 110, 133 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011138" } ] }, { "id": "699409_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 592, 600 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "699409_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 800, 807 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18905902_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Current therapeutic applications of artificial radioelements." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 61 ] ] }, { "id": "18905902_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 62 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18538492_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography to estimate the length of gross tumor in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 154 ] ] }, { "id": "18538492_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "PURPOSE: To determine the optimal method of using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) to estimate gross tumor length in esophageal carcinoma. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-six patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with radical surgery were enrolled. Gross tumor volumes (GTVs) were delineated using three different methods: visual interpretation, standardized uptake value (SUV) 2.5, and 40% of maximum standard uptake value (SUV(max)) on FDG-PET imaging. The length of tumors on PET scan were measured and recorded as Length(vis), Length(2.5), and Length(40), respectively, and compared with the length of gross tumor in the resected specimen (Length(gross)). All PET data were reviewed again postoperatively, and the GTV was delineated using various percentages of SUV(max). The optimal-threshold SUV was generated when the length of PET matched the Length(gross). RESULTS: The mean (+/-SD) Length(gross) was 5.48 +/- 1.98 cm. The mean Length(vis), Length(2.5), and Length(40) were 5.18 +/- 1.93 cm, 5.49 +/- 1.79 cm, and 4.34 +/- 1.54 cm, respectively. The mean Length(vis) (p = 0.123) and Length(2.5) (p = 0.957) were not significantly different from Length(gross), and Length(2.5) seems more approximate to Length(gross.) The mean Length(40) was significantly shorter than Length(gross) (p < 0.001). The mean optimal threshold was 23.81% +/- 11.29% for all tumors, and it was 19.78% +/- 8.59%, 30.92% +/- 12.28% for tumors >/=5 cm, and <5 cm, respectively (p = 0.009). The correlation coefficients of the optimal threshold were -0.802 and -0.561 with SUV(max) and Length(gross), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal PET method to estimate the length of gross tumor varies with tumor length and SUV(max); an SUV cutoff of 2.5 provided the closest estimation in this study." ], "offsets": [ [ 155, 1980 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18538492_MESH:D019788_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "18F-fluorodeoxyglucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 6, 28 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019788" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D009369_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 95 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D002294_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "squamous cell carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 136 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002294" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "F-fluorodeoxyglucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 209, 229 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D009369_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 287, 292 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D004938_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "esophageal carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 303, 323 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004938" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 359, 367 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D000077277_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "esophageal squamous cell carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 373, 407 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077277" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D009369_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 458, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D019788_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "FDG" ], "offsets": [ [ 641, 644 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019788" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D009369_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 672, 678 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D009369_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 815, 820 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GTV" ], "offsets": [ [ 921, 924 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D009369_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 1564, 1570 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D009369_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 1623, 1629 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D009369_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1868, 1873 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "18538492_MESH:D009369_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1886, 1891 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20083581_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Search for a new editor." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 24 ] ] }, { "id": "20083581_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 25, 25 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29852299_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "An Extracranial Metastasis of Glioblastoma Mimicking Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "29852299_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant tumor of the brain and central nervous system. Extracranial metastases of GBM are rare, with few case reports published to date. The tumor cells of GBM show strong immunopositivity for glial fibrillary acid protein. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 47-year-old man without comorbidities presented with a 1-year history of an augmenting right parotid lump. A right total parotidectomy with selective neck dissection was performed. The hematoxylin-eosin-stained slice of a parotid lymph node collected intraoperatively revealed destruction of normal lymph node structure by medium-sized pleomorphic cells scattered in groups; their cytoplasm was lightly stained and pale. There were abundant myxoid stroma in the interstitial tissue. This characteristic mimicked mucoepidermoid carcinoma. An immunohistochemistry test demonstrated that the tumor cells were positive for glial fibrillary acid protein. A diagnosis of extracranial metastasis of GBM was made after confirmation with postoperative pathologic examination and the review of the intracranial resection specimen. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that this is the first reported case of extracranial metastasis of GBM resembling mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the microscope features. Pathologists and clinicians should be alert to this rare lesion and consider this differential diagnosis after excluding other common parotid lesions." ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 1528 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29852299_MESH:D009362_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Metastasis of Glioblastoma Mimicking Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009362" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D005909_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Glioblastoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 91, 103 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005909" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D005909_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GBM" ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 108 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005909" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 152, 167 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D009362_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 222, 232 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009362" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D005909_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GBM" ], "offsets": [ [ 236, 239 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005909" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D009369_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 295, 300 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D005909_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GBM" ], "offsets": [ [ 310, 313 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005909" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D006416_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hematoxylin" ], "offsets": [ [ 583, 594 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006416" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D004801_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "eosin" ], "offsets": [ [ 595, 600 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004801" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D018277_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mucoepidermoid carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 910, 934 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018277" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D009369_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 987, 992 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D005909_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GBM" ], "offsets": [ [ 1090, 1093 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005909" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D005909_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GBM" ], "offsets": [ [ 1310, 1313 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005909" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D018277_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mucoepidermoid carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1325, 1349 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018277" } ] }, { "id": "29852299_MESH:D010305_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "parotid lesions" ], "offsets": [ [ 1512, 1527 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010305" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3581345_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Serous detachment of the neuroepithelium: one of the limitations of photocoagulation]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 87 ] ] }, { "id": "3581345_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 88 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3581345_MESH:D012163_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Serous detachment" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 18 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012163" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10139215_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Back to the future. RSNA vendors emphasize basics of imaging in high-tech ways." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 79 ] ] }, { "id": "10139215_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 80 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1273772_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Shock lung: disruption of alveolar capillary walls." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 51 ] ] }, { "id": "1273772_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 52 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22474629_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Classification criteria for spondyloarthropathies." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 50 ] ] }, { "id": "22474629_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) are a group of inflammatory arthritis which consist of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), reactive arthritis, arthritis/spondylitis associated with psoriasis (PsA), and arthritis/spondylitis associated with inflammatory bowel diseases. It is now more important than ever to diagnose and treat SpA early. New therapeutic agents including blockers of tumor necrosis factor have yielded tremendous responses not only in advanced disease but also in the early stages of the disease. Sacroiliitis on conventional radiography is the result of structural changes which may appear late in the disease process. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can visualize active inflammation at sacroiliac joints and spine in recent onset disease. The modified New York criteria, the European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group criteria and the Amor criteria do not include advanced imaging techniques like MRI which is very sensitive to the early Inflammatory changes. Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society has defined MRI methods for the assessment of sacroiliac joints and spine, criteria for inflammatory back pain and developed new criteria for classification of axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis. These new criteria are intended to be used for patients with SpA at the very early stage of their disease. Also, classification of psoriatic arthritis study group developed criteria for the classification of PsA. The widespread use of these criteria in clinical trials will provide evidence for a better definition of early disease and recognize many patients who may further develop classical AS or PsA. These efforts will guide therapeutic trials of potent drugs like biological agents in the early stage of these diseases." ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 1805 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22474629_MESH:D025242_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "spondyloarthropathies" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D025242" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D025242_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Spondyloarthropathies" ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 72 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D025242" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D025242_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SpA" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D025242" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D001168_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arthritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 107, 116 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001168" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D013167_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ankylosing spondylitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 134, 156 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013167" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D001168_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arthritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 172, 181 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001168" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D013166_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arthritis/spondylitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 183, 204 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013166" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D011565_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psoriasis" ], "offsets": [ [ 221, 230 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011565" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D011565_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PsA" ], "offsets": [ [ 232, 235 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011565" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D013166_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arthritis/spondylitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 242, 263 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013166" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D015212_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammatory bowel diseases" ], "offsets": [ [ 280, 307 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015212" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D025242_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SpA" ], "offsets": [ [ 366, 369 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D025242" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D009336_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor necrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 422, 436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009336" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D058566_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Sacroiliitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 552, 564 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058566" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D007249_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 738, 750 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:C563037_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sacroiliac joints" ], "offsets": [ [ 754, 771 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C563037" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D025242_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Spondyloarthropathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 852, 871 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D025242" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D013167_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SpondyloArthritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1040, 1057 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013167" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:C563037_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sacroiliac joints" ], "offsets": [ [ 1126, 1143 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C563037" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D001416_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammatory back pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 1168, 1190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001416" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D013167_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "peripheral spondyloarthritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1250, 1278 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013167" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1327, 1335 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D025242_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SpA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1341, 1344 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D025242" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D015535_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psoriatic arthritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1411, 1430 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015535" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D011565_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PsA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1488, 1491 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011565" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_9606_25", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1631, 1639 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22474629_MESH:D011565_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PsA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1680, 1683 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011565" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21176489_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Neonatal diabetes mellitus: a clinical analysis of 13 cases]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 62 ] ] }, { "id": "21176489_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features of neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM). METHOD: Thirteen cases with NDM were seen in our department between Jul. 2004 and Sept. 2009. Their clinical features were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: The average birth weight of the 13 cases was 2.30 kg. The median age at diagnosis was 2 months. The mean blood glucose at diagnosis was 22.2 mmol/L. Symptoms in 9 of 13 cases were exacerbated by infection and only 5 had typical symptoms of diabetes mellitus including polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia and body weight loss. The common clinical findings included athrepsia, diuresis, and moderate dehydration. Ketoacidosis attacked 3 cases and 3 children had hypertriglyceridemia, meanwhile, 2 children had complications of blood clotting dysfunction and congenital cardiopathy, respectively. Autoantibody to insulin (IAA) was tested in 11 cases, all but one case was negative. Glycosylated hemoglobin was increased in 6 cases. Insulin treatment was started in all the 13 cases. The initial dose was 0.56-1.00 U/(kg x d), and the maximal dose was 1.35 U/(kg x d) depending on the variety of blood glucose. Blood glucose decreased significantly within 24 hours. Unfortunately, 1 case developed progressive blood glucose decline and recurrent hypoglycemia. Symptoms of the 3 cases who developed DKA were relieved 48 hours later, and their blood glucose was well under control. Among the 8 cases followed up, 4 had TNDM and 2 had PNDM. Unfortunately, 1 case died at the age of 3 months because insulin injection was stopped by the parents. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis and prompt management may lead to favorable prognosis. Blood glucose monitoring is a valuable method to avoid misdiagnosis and NDM should be differentiated from stress hyperglycemia, iatrogenic, or other causes of hyperglycemia." ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 1891 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21176489_MESH:D003920_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Neonatal diabetes mellitus" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 27 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D003920_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neonatal diabetes mellitus" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D003920_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "NDM" ], "offsets": [ [ 136, 139 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D003920_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "NDM" ], "offsets": [ [ 170, 173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D005947_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 411, 418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D007239_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 495, 504 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D003920_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes mellitus" ], "offsets": [ [ 540, 557 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D059606_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "polydipsia" ], "offsets": [ [ 568, 578 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D059606" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D011141_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "polyuria" ], "offsets": [ [ 580, 588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011141" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D015431_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "polyphagia and body weight loss" ], "offsets": [ [ 590, 621 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015431" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D003681_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dehydration" ], "offsets": [ [ 695, 706 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003681" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 744, 752 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D015228_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertriglyceridemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 757, 777 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015228" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 792, 800 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D013927_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "blood clotting dysfunction" ], "offsets": [ [ 822, 848 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013927" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:C536187_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "congenital cardiopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 853, 875 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C536187" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_3630_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 907, 914 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_3630_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1026, 1033 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D005947_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1195, 1202 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D005947_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1210, 1217 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D007022_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "blood glucose decline" ], "offsets": [ [ 1303, 1324 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D007003_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypoglycemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1339, 1351 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007003" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D016883_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "DKA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1391, 1394 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016883" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D005947_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1441, 1448 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_7952_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNDM" ], "offsets": [ [ 1510, 1514 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7952" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D003643_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "died" ], "offsets": [ [ 1553, 1557 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_3630_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1589, 1596 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D005947_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1724, 1731 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D003920_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "NDM" ], "offsets": [ [ 1790, 1793 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D006943_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress hyperglycemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1824, 1844 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006943" } ] }, { "id": "21176489_MESH:D006943_30", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperglycemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1877, 1890 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006943" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12852652_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Immune reconstitution in HIV infection and its relationship to cancer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 70 ] ] }, { "id": "12852652_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "HIV infection results in formidable immune dysfunction, widely affecting the immune system, but typified by T lymphopenia. This dysfunction includes a perturbed immune response to several persistent viruses that have a propensity to cause tumors. Effective control of HIV replication by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) results in regeneration of the damaged immune system, and recent advances have allowed this immune reconstitution to be better defined. This article describes the immunodeficiency caused by HIV and the response of the immune system to HAART, with specific reference to the immune response to cancers associated with HIV infection." ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 733 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12852652_MESH:D015658_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 25, 38 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] }, { "id": "12852652_MESH:D009369_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "12852652_MESH:D015658_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 84 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] }, { "id": "12852652_MESH:D008231_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lymphopenia" ], "offsets": [ [ 181, 192 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008231" } ] }, { "id": "12852652_MESH:D009369_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 310, 316 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "12852652_MESH:D015658_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 339, 342 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] }, { "id": "12852652_MESH:D007153_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "immunodeficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 566, 582 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007153" } ] }, { "id": "12852652_MESH:D015658_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 593, 596 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] }, { "id": "12852652_MESH:D009369_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 695, 702 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "12852652_MESH:D015658_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 719, 732 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35219745_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Prevalence of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy derived ischemia in coronary lesions with discordant fractional flow reserve and non-hyperemic pressure ratios." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 159 ] ] }, { "id": "35219745_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Whether a coronary lesion with discordant fractional flow reserve (FFR) and non-hyperemic pressure ratios (NHPRs) causes myocardial ischemia remains unclear. This study investigates the prevalence of myocardial ischemia as assessed by myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) in coronary lesions with discordant FFR and instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), and, additionally, other NHPRs: resting full-cycle ratio (RFR), diastolic pressure ratio (dPR), and resting Pd/Pa. METHODS: A total of 484 coronary arteries in 295 patients with stable coronary artery disease that underwent MPS and invasive physiological pressure measurements were categorized into four groups (FFR+/NHPR+, FFR+/NHPR-, FFR-/NHPR+, and FFR-/NHPR-) using the respective cut-off values of FFR <= 0.80, iFR <= 0.89, RFR <= 0.89, dPR < 0.89, and Pd/Pa <= 0.92. The proportions of MPS-derived myocardial ischemia in a relevant myocardial territory were compared between the four groups. RESULTS: In total, 175 (36%), 61(13%), 35(7%) and 213(44%) vessels were classified into FFR+/iFR+, FFR+/iFR-, FFR-/iFR+ and FFR-/iFR- groups, respectively. The FFR+/iFR+ group had the highest proportion of MPS-derived ischemia (70%), followed by the FFR+/iFR- group (38%), the FFR-/iFR+ group (23%), and the FFR-/iFR- group (10%) (P < 0.001). Similar proportions of MPS-derived ischemia were found when RFR. (70%, 34%, 24%, and 10%, P < 0.001), dPR (70%, 38%, 26%, and 10%, P < 0.001), and Pd/Pa (70%, 31%, 22%, and 10%, P < 0.001) were used in place of iFR. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MPS-derived myocardial ischemia in coronary lesions with discordance between FFR and NHPRs is lower than those with concordantly positive FFR and NHPRs, but higher than those with concordantly negative FFR and NHPRs." ], "offsets": [ [ 160, 1932 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35219745_MESH:D007511_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ischemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 56, 64 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007511" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D003324_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial ischemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 293, 312 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003324" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D003324_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial ischemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 372, 391 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003324" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D009084_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MPS" ], "offsets": [ [ 442, 445 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009084" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_47191_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "dPR" ], "offsets": [ [ 618, 621 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "47191" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 692, 700 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D003324_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coronary artery disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 713, 736 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003324" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D009084_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MPS" ], "offsets": [ [ 752, 755 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009084" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_47191_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "dPR" ], "offsets": [ [ 970, 973 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "47191" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D009084_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MPS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1020, 1023 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009084" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D003324_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial ischemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1032, 1051 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003324" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D009084_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MPS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1332, 1335 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009084" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D007511_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ischemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1344, 1352 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007511" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D009084_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MPS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1492, 1495 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009084" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D007511_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ischemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1504, 1512 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007511" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_47191_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "dPR" ], "offsets": [ [ 1571, 1574 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "47191" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D009084_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MPS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1716, 1719 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009084" } ] }, { "id": "35219745_MESH:D003324_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial ischemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1728, 1747 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003324" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30719244_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Use of corticosteroids for remission induction therapy in patients with new-onset ulcerative colitis in real-world settings." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 124 ] ] }, { "id": "30719244_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: Corticosteroids may be temporarily effective for ulcerative colitis (UC), but long-term use increases the risk of adverse drug reactions. Objective: The goal of the study was to examine steroid use in remission induction therapy after diagnosis of UC. Study Design: A retrospective observational study using the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) Claims Database from January 2008 to December 2014. Setting: Clinics, university hospitals, and national/public hospitals. Intervention: Initiation of steroids after diagnosis of UC. Main outcome measures: Start time and annual rate of steroid use, and use during the first 6 months of remission induction therapy. Results: The subjects were 399 patients were newly diagnosed with UC in the study period. The rate of steroid use after diagnosis was 58.4% in 2009, and showed a significant decreasing trend yearly after 2010 (p <= 0.0001). Regarding the start time, 52.2% of patients began steroids within 60 days after diagnosis of UC. At 6 months after initiation, 23.7% continued to use steroids and 73.9% of these patients used high-dose steroids. Conclusion: In treatment of UC after diagnosis, many patients continue to use steroids for >6 months after initiation. Reduced use of steroids based on clinical practice guidelines for UC should be promoted." ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 1440 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30719244_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 66 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D003093_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ulcerative colitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 82, 100 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003093" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D003093_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ulcerative colitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 186, 204 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003093" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D003093_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "UC" ], "offsets": [ [ 206, 208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003093" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D013256_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 323, 330 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D003093_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "UC" ], "offsets": [ [ 385, 387 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003093" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D013256_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 633, 641 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D003093_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "UC" ], "offsets": [ [ 661, 663 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003093" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D013256_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 718, 725 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 828, 836 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D003093_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "UC" ], "offsets": [ [ 863, 865 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003093" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D013256_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 899, 906 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1056, 1064 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D013256_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 1071, 1079 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D003093_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "UC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1114, 1116 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003093" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D013256_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 1171, 1179 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1199, 1207 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D013256_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 1223, 1231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D003093_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "UC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1261, 1263 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003093" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1286, 1294 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D013256_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 1311, 1319 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D013256_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 1367, 1375 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "30719244_MESH:D003093_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "UC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1418, 1420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003093" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29361122_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Multiplatform next-generation sequencing identifies novel RNA molecules and transcript isoforms of the endogenous retrovirus isolated from cultured cells." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 154 ] ] }, { "id": "29361122_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In this study, we applied short- and long-read RNA sequencing techniques, as well as PCR analysis to investigate the transcriptome of the porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) expressed from cultured porcine kidney cell line PK-15. This analysis has revealed six novel transcripts and eight transcript isoforms, including five length and three splice variants. We were able to establish whether a deletion in a transcript is the result of the splicing of mRNAs or of genomic deletion in one of the PERV clones. Additionally, we re-annotated the formerly identified RNA molecules. Our analysis revealed a higher complexity of PERV transcriptome than it was earlier believed." ], "offsets": [ [ 155, 827 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29361122_61673_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "porcine endogenous retrovirus" ], "offsets": [ [ 293, 322 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61673" } ] }, { "id": "29361122_61673_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "PERV" ], "offsets": [ [ 324, 328 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61673" } ] }, { "id": "29361122_CVCL_AZ81;NCBITaxID:9823_2", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "porcine kidney" ], "offsets": [ [ 354, 368 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_AZ81;NCBITaxID:9823" } ] }, { "id": "29361122_CVCL_2160;NCBITaxID:9823_3", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "PK-15" ], "offsets": [ [ 379, 384 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_2160;NCBITaxID:9823" } ] }, { "id": "29361122_61673_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "PERV" ], "offsets": [ [ 652, 656 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61673" } ] }, { "id": "29361122_61673_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "PERV" ], "offsets": [ [ 779, 783 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61673" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26554948_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Postpartum sacral insufficiency fractures." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 42 ] ] }, { "id": "26554948_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Postpartum sacral insufficiency fracture is an uncommon occurrence that is often under-diagnosed because its symptoms of low back, buttock and groin pains may initially be attributed to physiologic biomechanical changes caused by pregnancy or to intervertebral disc disease. We present a case of bilateral sacral insufficiency fractures in a 37-year-old postpartum woman with osteopenic bone mineral density confirmed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The symptoms were initially suspected to be of discogenic cause, and the fractures were incidentally appreciated at the edge of a lumbar spine magnetic resonance image. Therefore, it is important to keep in mind this potential diagnosis when examining imaging studies of postpartum patients. For women who present other risk factors of osteoporosis, imaging of the entire sacrum should be part of the imaging studies. If sacral stress fractures are diagnosed, further evaluation for bone mineral density and underlying metabolic bone disease is recommended." ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 1055 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26554948_MESH:D015775_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sacral insufficiency fractures" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 41 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015775" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_MESH:D015775_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sacral insufficiency fracture" ], "offsets": [ [ 54, 83 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015775" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_MESH:D017116_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "low back" ], "offsets": [ [ 164, 172 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017116" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_MESH:D015775_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sacral insufficiency fractures" ], "offsets": [ [ 349, 379 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015775" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "woman" ], "offsets": [ [ 408, 413 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_MESH:C567172_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "osteopenic bone" ], "offsets": [ [ 419, 434 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C567172" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_MESH:D050723_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fractures" ], "offsets": [ [ 571, 580 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050723" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 780, 788 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 794, 799 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_MESH:D010024_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "osteoporosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 834, 846 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010024" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_MESH:D015775_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress fractures" ], "offsets": [ [ 926, 942 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015775" } ] }, { "id": "26554948_MESH:D001851_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "metabolic bone disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 1017, 1039 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001851" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17583445_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Sticklebacks from streams are more bold than sticklebacks from ponds." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 69 ] ] }, { "id": "17583445_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Risk-taking behaviour has important consequences for fitness. Here, we show that risk-taking behaviour in sticklebacks consistently varies according to the habitat of origin. We compared the risk-taking behaviour of individual sticklebacks from three pond and three stream populations. Specifically, we measured willingness to forage under predation risk following a simulated attack by a model heron predator. Sticklebacks from stream populations were more willing to forage under predation risk than fish from pond populations. Sticklebacks from streams resumed eating after the simulated attack faster and spent more time eating compared to sticklebacks from ponds. We discuss these findings in terms of differences in life history and predation pressure in the two habitat types." ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 853 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17583445_MESH:D012640_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fitness" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 130 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012640" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22231334_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "First-onset psychotic disorder concurrent with a first-onset seizure disorder." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "22231334_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 79 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22231334_MESH:D011618_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychotic disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 12, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011618" } ] }, { "id": "22231334_MESH:D004827_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "seizure disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004827" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1585257_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Clinical and biochemical aspects of depressive disorders: III. Treatment and controversies." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 91 ] ] }, { "id": "1585257_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The present document is the final of three parts of a review that focuses on recent data from clinical and animal research concerning the biochemical bases of depressive disorders, diagnosis, and treatment. Various treatments for depression, including psychotherapy, pharmacological, and somatic treatments, will be described in this third part. Also, some of the controversies in the field, as well as a summary of the most salient points of the review, will be discussed. Previous sections of this review dealt with the classification of depressive disorders and research techniques for studying the biochemical mechanisms of these disorders (Part I) and various transmitter/receptor theories of depressive disorder (Part II)." ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 820 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1585257_MESH:D000275_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 36, 56 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "1585257_MESH:D000275_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 271 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "1585257_MESH:D000275_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 322, 332 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "1585257_MESH:D000275_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 632, 652 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "1585257_MESH:D000275_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 790, 809 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23924813_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A need for propylene glycol-free ascorbic Acid oral liquid." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 59 ] ] }, { "id": "23924813_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 60 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23924813_MESH:D019946_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "propylene glycol" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 27 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019946" } ] }, { "id": "23924813_MESH:D001205_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ascorbic Acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 33, 46 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001205" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17513826_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "PACS 01 trial: questions about patients' characteristics and reported results." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "17513826_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 79 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17513826_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 31, 39 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9696549_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Identification of celluloses with Fourier-transform (FT) mid-infrared, FT-Raman and near-infrared spectrometry." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 111 ] ] }, { "id": "9696549_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Five different celluloses are studied with FT-IR, FT-Raman and near-infrared (NIR) spectrometry, and the fingerprint region of the spectra is assigned. Identification of each of the five celluloses is possible with each of the three vibrational methods. Four different batches of hydroxyethyl cellulose yield very similar spectra with each of the three vibrational methods. Four different batches of hydroxyethyl cellulose yield very similar spectra with each of the three methods. The methods are compared with respect to their capability to discriminate between celluloses and batches, and with respect to ease and feasibility of sample preparation." ], "offsets": [ [ 112, 763 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9696549_MESH:C002283_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydroxyethyl cellulose" ], "offsets": [ [ 392, 414 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C002283" } ] }, { "id": "9696549_MESH:C002283_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydroxyethyl cellulose" ], "offsets": [ [ 512, 534 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C002283" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33926339_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "McDonald versus Shirodkar cervical cerclage for prevention of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 137 ] ] }, { "id": "33926339_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To compare pregnancy outcomes of patients undergoing either McDonald or Shirodkar cervical cerclage. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google scholar were systematically searched up to June 2020. Inter-study heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane's Q test and the I2 statistic. Data were pooled using the fixed- or random-effects model and expressed as relative risk (RR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) as appropriately. RESULTS: A total of eight observational studies, reporting data on 724 pregnancies, were included in this meta-analysis. As compared to the Shirodkar cerclage, the pooled findings showed that the gestational age at delivery (WMD = -1.95, 95% CI: -2.89 to -1.01, p < .001; I2 = 57.5%) and birth weight (WMD = -355.69, 95% CI: -413.76 to -297.62, p < .001; I2 = 28.8%) were significantly lower in McDonald cerclage. The risk of preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) (RR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.14 - 2.71; I2 = 0.0%) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (RR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.09 - 2.39; I2 = 62.1%) were also higher for McDonald group. However, no significant difference was observed between both groups in terms of cesarean delivery and perinatal/neonatal death. CONCLUSION: McDonald cerclage is associated with a shorter duration of pregnancy, lower mean birth weight and increased risk of PPROM and NICU admission compared to the Shirodkar procedure." ], "offsets": [ [ 138, 1557 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33926339_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33926339_MESH:C563032_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "preterm premature rupture" ], "offsets": [ [ 1013, 1038 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C563032" } ] }, { "id": "33926339_MESH:D003643_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 1361, 1366 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8988871_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Genetic control of resistance to helminths in sheep." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 52 ] ] }, { "id": "8988871_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Uncertainties over the continued effectiveness of currently available anthelmintics and the massive costs associated with development of new drugs have provided an impetus to search for alternative measures to control gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. One option is to exploit the genetically determined variability in resistance existing within host populations. A number of selection experiments, comprising divergent and control lines, have been initiated to investigate the nature of this genetic regulation. It was found that the heritability of worm-egg counts in faeces after infection ranges from 0.2 to 0.4, indicating that worthwhile genetic gains can be achieved in commercial breeding programmes. Immune responses directed against parasites are under genetic control and appear to be the major factor responsible for the interline differences. Consequently, selection for increased resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes has resulted in an enhanced reactivity across a broad range of immunological functions (humoral, cellular and effector responses). These mechanistic studies have relevance to the development of vaccines and vaccination strategies, as well as for the application of phenotypic and genetic markers to measure resistance more accurately or to identify genetically resistant animals independently of infection." ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 1397 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8988871_9940_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "sheep" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 51 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9940" } ] }, { "id": "8988871_MESH:D009349_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal nematodes" ], "offsets": [ [ 271, 297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009349" } ] }, { "id": "8988871_9940_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "sheep" ], "offsets": [ [ 301, 306 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9940" } ] }, { "id": "8988871_MESH:D007239_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 639, 648 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "8988871_MESH:D009349_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal nematodes" ], "offsets": [ [ 964, 990 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009349" } ] }, { "id": "8988871_MESH:D007239_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1387, 1396 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35452174_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Synthesis, photophysical, electrochemical, and non-linear optical properties of triaryl pyrazole based B-N coordinated boron compounds." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 135 ] ] }, { "id": "35452174_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We report here a set of triaryl pyrazole based B-N coordinated boron compounds ( 11 - 17 ) synthesized by electrophilic aromatic borylation strategy. All the pyrazole boron compounds were thoroughly characterized using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, LCMS, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (for 12 - 17 ). The photoluminescence measurements of 11 - 17 revealed that the emission peak maxima were tuned based on the substitution on Nphenyl. The photophysical and electrochemical properties were further supported by theoretical calculations. Z-scan based investigations at 515 nm pump wavelength showed that B-N coordination led to enhancement of nonlinear absorption (two-photon absorption (TPA)) in these compounds if an electron deficient moiety is attached. It has also been observed that an appropriate choice of moiety allows to optimally maneuver the molecular polarizability of the pi-system and consequently, assists in controlling the third-order nonlinear optical response." ], "offsets": [ [ 136, 1131 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35452174_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "triaryl pyrazole" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 96 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35452174_MESH:D001895_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "boron" ], "offsets": [ [ 119, 124 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001895" } ] }, { "id": "35452174_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "triaryl pyrazole" ], "offsets": [ [ 160, 176 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35452174_MESH:D001895_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "boron" ], "offsets": [ [ 199, 204 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001895" } ] }, { "id": "35452174_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pyrazole boron" ], "offsets": [ [ 294, 308 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35452174_MESH:C072598_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "B-N" ], "offsets": [ [ 755, 758 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C072598" } ] }, { "id": "35452174_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TPA" ], "offsets": [ [ 839, 842 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32781461_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Transient coarsening and the motility of optically heated Janus colloids in a binary liquid mixture." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 100 ] ] }, { "id": "32781461_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A gold-capped Janus particle suspended in a near-critical binary liquid mixture can self-propel under illumination. We have immobilized such a particle in a narrow channel and carried out a combined experimental and theoretical study of the non-equilibrium dynamics of a binary solvent around it - lasting from the very moment of switching illumination on until the steady state is reached. In the theoretical study we use both a purely diffusive and a hydrodynamic model, which we solve numerically. Our results demonstrate a remarkable complexity of the time evolution of the concentration field around the colloid. This evolution is governed by the combined effects of the temperature gradient and the wettability, and crucially depends on whether the colloid is free to move or is trapped. For the trapped colloid, all approaches indicate that the early time dynamics is purely diffusive and characterized by composition layers travelling with constant speed from the surface of the colloid into the bulk of the solvent. Subsequently, hydrodynamic effects set in. Anomalously large nonequilibrium fluctuations, which result from the temperature gradient and the vicinity of the critical point of the binary liquid mixture, give rise to strong concentration fluctuations in the solvent and to permanently changing coarsening patterns not observed for a mobile particle. The early time dynamics around initially still Janus colloids produces a force which is able to set the Janus colloid into motion. The propulsion due to this transient dynamics is in the direction opposite to that observed after the steady state is attained." ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 1732 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23234098_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Studies of transformational leadership in the consumer service workgroup: cooperative conflict resolution and the mediating roles of job satisfaction and change commitment." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 172 ] ] }, { "id": "23234098_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The present paper evaluates the effect of transformational leadership on job satisfaction and change commitment along with their interconnected effects (mediation) on cooperative conflict resolution (management) in customer service activities in Taiwan. The multi-source samples consist of data from personnel serving at customer centers (workgroups), such as phone service personnel, customer representatives, financial specialists, and front-line salespeople. An empirical study was carried out using a multiple mediation procedure incorporating boot-strapping techniques and PRODCLIN2 with structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. The results indicate that the main effect of the leadership style on cooperative conflict resolution is mediated by change commitment and job satisfaction." ], "offsets": [ [ 173, 966 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1096567_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Clinical studies in primates inoculated with kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob agents." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 79 ] ] }, { "id": "1096567_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 80 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24128275_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Structural destabilization of DNA duplexes containing single-base lesions investigated by nanopore measurements." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 112 ] ] }, { "id": "24128275_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The influence of DNA duplex structural destabilization introduced by a single base-pair modification was investigated by nanopore measurements. A series of 11 modified base pairs were introduced into the context of an otherwise complementary DNA duplex formed by a 17-mer and a 65-mer such that the overhanging ends comprised poly(dT)23 tails, generating a representative set of duplexes that display a range of unzipping mechanistic behaviors and kinetic stabilities. The guanine oxidation products 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (OG), guanidinohydantoin (Gh), and spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp) were paired with either cytosine (C), adenine (A), or 2,6-diaminopurine (D) to form modified base pairs. The mechanism and kinetic rate constants of duplex dissociation were determined by threading either the 3' or 5' overhangs into an alpha-hemolysin (alpha-HL) channel under an electrical field and measuring the distributions of unzipping times at constant force. In order of decreasing thermodynamic stability (as measured by duplex melting points), the rate of duplex dissociation increases, and the mechanism evolves from a first-order reaction to two sequential first-order reactions. These measurements allow us to rank the kinetic stability of lesion-containing duplexes relative to the canonical G:C base pair in which the OG:C, Gh:C, and Sp:C base pairs are, respectively, 3-200 times less stable. The rate constants also depend on whether unzipping was initiated from the 3' versus 5' side of the duplex. The kinetic stability of these duplexes was interpreted in terms of the structural destabilization introduced by the single base-pair modification. Specifically, a large distortion of the duplex backbone introduced by the presence of the highly oxidized guanine products Sp and Gh leads to a rapid two-step unzipping. The number of hydrogen bonds in the modified base pair plays a lesser role in determining the kinetics of duplex dissociation." ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 2061 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24128275_MESH:D011071_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "poly(dT)" ], "offsets": [ [ 439, 447 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011071" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:D006147_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "guanine" ], "offsets": [ [ 586, 593 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006147" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:C024829_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine" ], "offsets": [ [ 613, 637 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C024829" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:C024829_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "OG" ], "offsets": [ [ 639, 641 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C024829" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:C467338_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "guanidinohydantoin" ], "offsets": [ [ 644, 662 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C467338" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:C408822_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "spiroiminodihydantoin" ], "offsets": [ [ 673, 694 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C408822" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:C408822_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Sp" ], "offsets": [ [ 696, 698 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C408822" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:D003596_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cytosine" ], "offsets": [ [ 724, 732 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003596" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:D000225_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "adenine" ], "offsets": [ [ 738, 745 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000225" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:C007300_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2,6-diaminopurine" ], "offsets": [ [ 754, 771 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C007300" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alpha-hemolysin" ], "offsets": [ [ 936, 951 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alpha-HL" ], "offsets": [ [ 953, 961 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:C024829_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "OG" ], "offsets": [ [ 1433, 1435 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C024829" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:D003596_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "C" ], "offsets": [ [ 1436, 1437 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003596" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:D003596_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "C" ], "offsets": [ [ 1442, 1443 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003596" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:C408822_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Sp" ], "offsets": [ [ 1449, 1451 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C408822" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:D006147_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "guanine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1871, 1878 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006147" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:C408822_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Sp" ], "offsets": [ [ 1888, 1890 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C408822" } ] }, { "id": "24128275_MESH:D006859_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1949, 1957 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006859" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9774434_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The ferredoxin-dependent conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus represents a novel site of glycolytic regulation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 169 ] ] }, { "id": "9774434_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The fermentative conversion of glucose in anaerobic hyperthermophilic Archaea is a variant of the classical Embden-Meyerhof pathway found in Bacteria and Eukarya. A major difference of the archaeal glycolytic pathway concerns the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. In the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus, this reaction is catalyzed by an unique enzyme, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (GAPOR). Here, we report the isolation, characterization, and transcriptional analysis of the GAPOR-encoding gene. GAPOR is related to a family of ferredoxin-dependent tungsten enzymes in (hyper)thermophilic Archaea and, in addition, to a hypothetical protein in Escherichia coli. Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis of the purified P. furiosus GAPOR protein confirms the anticipated involvement of tungsten in catalysis. During glycolysis in P. furiosus, GAPOR gene expression is induced, whereas the activity of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is repressed. It is discussed that this unprecedented unidirectional reaction couple in the pyrococcal glycolysis and gluconeogenesis gives rise to a novel site of glycolytic regulation that might be widespread among Archaea." ], "offsets": [ [ 170, 1383 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9774434_MESH:D005986_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 65 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005986" } ] }, { "id": "9774434_MESH:D005947_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 201, 208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "9774434_MESH:D005986_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate" ], "offsets": [ [ 414, 440 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005986" } ] }, { "id": "9774434_MESH:D053306_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "(hyper)thermophilic Archaea" ], "offsets": [ [ 786, 813 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053306" } ] }, { "id": "9774434_562_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Escherichia coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 861, 877 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "9774434_2261_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "P. furiosus" ], "offsets": [ [ 936, 947 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "2261" } ] }, { "id": "9774434_MESH:D014414_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tungsten" ], "offsets": [ [ 1002, 1010 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014414" } ] }, { "id": "9774434_2261_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "P. furiosus" ], "offsets": [ [ 1046, 1057 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "2261" } ] }, { "id": "9774434_MESH:C564972_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pyrococcal glycolysis and gluconeogenesis gives rise" ], "offsets": [ [ 1250, 1302 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C564972" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33434123_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Spatiotemporal Co-attention Recurrent Neural Networks for Human-Skeleton Motion Prediction." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 91 ] ] }, { "id": "33434123_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Human motion prediction aims to generate future motions based on the observed human motions. Witnessing the success of Recurrent Neural Networks in modeling the sequential data, recent works utilize RNN to model human-skeleton motion on the observed motion sequence and predict future human motions. However, these methods disregarded the existence of the spatial coherence among joints and the temporal evolution among skeletons, which reflects the crucial characteristics of human motion in spatiotemporal space. To this end, we propose a novel Skeleton-joint Co-attention Recurrent Neural Networks to capture the spatial coherence among joints, and the temporal evolution among skeletons simultaneously on a skeleton-joint co-attention feature map in spatiotemporal space. First, a skeleton-joint feature map is constructed as the representation of the observed motion sequence. Second, we design a new Skeleton-joint Co-Attention mechanism to dynamically learn a skeleton-joint co-attention feature map of this skeleton-joint feature map, which can refine the useful observed motion information to predict one future motion. Third, a variant of GRU embedded with SCA collaboratively models the human-skeleton motion and human-joint motion in spatiotemporal space by regarding the skeleton-joint co-attention feature map as the motion context. Experimental results on motion prediction demonstrate the proposed method outperforms the related methods." ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 1545 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33434123_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Human" ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 63 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33434123_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Human" ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33434123_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 170, 175 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33434123_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 304, 309 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33434123_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 377, 382 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33434123_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 569, 574 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33434123_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GRU" ], "offsets": [ [ 1241, 1244 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "33434123_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1290, 1295 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33434123_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1316, 1321 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "449038_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[At conclusion of the trial concerning a case of malignant hyperthermia]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 73 ] ] }, { "id": "449038_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 74 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "449038_MESH:D008305_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant hyperthermia" ], "offsets": [ [ 49, 71 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008305" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30719096_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Surgery for tennis elbow: a systematic review." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 46 ] ] }, { "id": "30719096_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: There is no consensus on the most suitable treatment for tennis elbow but, in the USA, surgical intervention is increasing despite a lack of supportive research evidence. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a balanced update based on all relevant published randomized controlled trials conducted to date. Methods: An electronic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, BNI, AMED, PsycINFO, HBE, HMIC, PubMed, TRIP, Dynamed Plus and The Cochrane Library was complemented by hand searching. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and data were synthesized narratively, based on levels of evidence, as a result of heterogeneity. Results: Twelve studies of poor methodological quality were included. The available data suggest that surgical interventions for tennis elbow are no more effective than nonsurgical and sham interventions. Surgical technique modifications may enhance effectiveness compared to traditional methods but have not been tested against a placebo. Conclusions: Current research evidence suggests that surgery for tennis elbow is no more effective than nonsurgical treatment based on evidence with significant methodological limitations. Given the recalcitrant nature of tennis elbow for some patients, further research in the form of a high-quality placebo-controlled surgical trial with an additional conservative arm is required to usefully inform clinical practice." ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 1476 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30719096_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1300, 1308 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32093008_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Quantitative Structural Analysis of Polystyrene Nanoparticles Using Synchrotron X-Ray Scattering and Dynamic Light Scattering." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 126 ] ] }, { "id": "32093008_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A series of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-1, PS-2, PS-3, and PS-4) in aqueous solutions were investigated in terms of morphological structure, size, and size distribution. Synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering analysis (SAXS) was carried out, providing morphology details, size and size distribution on the particles. PS-1, PS-2, and PS-3 were confirmed to behave two-phase (core and shell) spherical shapes, whereas PS-4 exhibited a single-phase spherical shape. They all revealed very narrow unimodal size distributions. The structural parameter details including radial density profile were determined. In addition, the presence of surfactant molecules and their assemblies were detected for all particle solutions, which could originate from their surfactant-assisted emulsion polymerizations. In addition, dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis was performed, finding only meaningful hydrodynamic size and intensity-weighted mean size information on the individual PS solutions because of the particles' spherical nature. In contrast, the size distributions were extracted unrealistically too broad, and the volume- and number-weighted mean sizes were too small, therefore inappropriate to describe the particle systems. Furthermore, the DLS analysis could not detect completely the surfactant and their assemblies present in the particle solutions. Overall, the quantitative SAXS analysis confirmed that the individual PS particle systems were successfully prepared with spherical shape in a very narrow unimodal size distribution." ], "offsets": [ [ 127, 1668 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32093008_MESH:D011137_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Polystyrene" ], "offsets": [ [ 36, 47 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011137" } ] }, { "id": "32093008_MESH:D011137_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polystyrene" ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011137" } ] }, { "id": "32093008_338399_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 166, 170 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338399" } ] }, { "id": "32093008_338412_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS-2" ], "offsets": [ [ 172, 176 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "32093008_448990_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS-3" ], "offsets": [ [ 178, 182 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "448990" } ] }, { "id": "32093008_338414_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS-4" ], "offsets": [ [ 188, 192 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338414" } ] }, { "id": "32093008_338399_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 448, 452 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338399" } ] }, { "id": "32093008_338412_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS-2" ], "offsets": [ [ 454, 458 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "32093008_448990_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS-3" ], "offsets": [ [ 464, 468 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "448990" } ] }, { "id": "32093008_338414_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS-4" ], "offsets": [ [ 547, 551 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338414" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5788651_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Time of onset of action of cholera toxin in dog and rabbit." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 59 ] ] }, { "id": "5788651_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 60 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "5788651_9615_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "dog" ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 47 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9615" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23034717_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Arginine plus proline supplementation elicits metabolic adaptation that favors wound healing in diabetic rats." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 110 ] ] }, { "id": "23034717_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Diabetic patients with wounds are at risk of protein malnutrition, have low arginine plasma levels, and suffer from delayed wound healing. We sought to determine the efficacy of arginine plus proline supplementation on protein and amino acid metabolism and on wound repair in a model of diabetic rats. Eighteen 11-wk-old Zucker diabetic fatty fa/fa male rats underwent a 7-cm abdominal skin incision with implantation of sponges and daily excision of full-thickness round sections of dorsal skin for 5 days. They were randomized to be fed with either a standard formula (S group, Clinutren Iso), a high-protein and arginine (ARG) plus proline (PRO)-enriched formula (ARG+PRO group, Clinutren Repair), or an isonitrogenous isoenergetic control formula (IC group). Nitrogen balance was calculated daily. The rats were euthanized on day 5, and plasma glucose, insulin, amino acids, skin epithelialization, and angiogenesis were measured. In macrophages, we assessed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase expression, production of nitric oxide (NO) and amino acid metabolism. Both the ARG+PRO and IC groups showed improved nitrogen balance. ARG plus PRO supplementation increased proline and branched-chain amino acid plasma concentrations and improved angiogenesis. Arginase and iNOS expressions in macrophages were reduced, together with NO and citrulline production. In diabetic rats, ARG plus PRO supplementation improves wound angiogenesis and favors whole body protein metabolism. Low macrophage iNOS expression at day 5 may reflect a low inflammatory state in the wounds, favoring wound closure." ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 1723 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23034717_MESH:D001120_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Arginine" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 8 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001120" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D011392_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "proline" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 21 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011392" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D003920_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetic" ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 104 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_10116_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D003920_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Diabetic" ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 119 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 120, 128 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D001120_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "arginine" ], "offsets": [ [ 187, 195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001120" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D001120_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "arginine" ], "offsets": [ [ 289, 297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001120" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D011392_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "proline" ], "offsets": [ [ 303, 310 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011392" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D003920_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetic" ], "offsets": [ [ 398, 406 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_10116_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 407, 411 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D003920_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Zucker diabetic fatty fa" ], "offsets": [ [ 432, 456 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_10116_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 465, 469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D001120_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "arginine" ], "offsets": [ [ 726, 734 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001120" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D001120_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARG" ], "offsets": [ [ 736, 739 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001120" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D011392_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "proline" ], "offsets": [ [ 746, 753 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011392" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D011392_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PRO" ], "offsets": [ [ 755, 758 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011392" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D001120_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARG" ], "offsets": [ [ 778, 781 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001120" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D009584_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Nitrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 874, 882 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009584" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_10116_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 917, 921 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D005947_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 959, 966 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_24599_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "inducible nitric oxide synthase" ], "offsets": [ [ 1074, 1105 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24599" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_24599_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "iNOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1107, 1111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24599" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D009569_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitric oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1152, 1164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009569" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D001120_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARG" ], "offsets": [ [ 1206, 1209 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001120" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D011392_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PRO" ], "offsets": [ [ 1210, 1213 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011392" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D009584_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1244, 1252 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009584" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D001120_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARG" ], "offsets": [ [ 1262, 1265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001120" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D011392_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "proline" ], "offsets": [ [ 1301, 1308 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011392" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_24599_29", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "iNOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1401, 1405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24599" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D002956_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "citrulline" ], "offsets": [ [ 1468, 1478 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002956" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D003920_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetic" ], "offsets": [ [ 1494, 1502 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_10116_32", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 1503, 1507 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_MESH:D001120_33", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARG" ], "offsets": [ [ 1509, 1512 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001120" } ] }, { "id": "23034717_24599_34", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "iNOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1623, 1627 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24599" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11702177_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Discrepant time course of cranial and spinal subdural collections in a case of SIH treated by EBP." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 98 ] ] }, { "id": "11702177_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The MR monitoring of a patient with acute spontaneous intracranial hypotension successfully treated by epidural blood patch revealed strikingly different time course of the initially concomitant cranial and spinal subdural fluid collections. This undescribed feature suggested different pathophysiological mechanisms for the disorder in the two locations and should be kept in mind when imaging patients with the condition." ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 522 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11702177_10682_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "EBP" ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "10682" } ] }, { "id": "11702177_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 129 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11702177_MESH:D007022_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypotension" ], "offsets": [ [ 166, 177 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "11702177_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 494, 502 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17591299_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Use of heliox for intraoperative bronchospasm: a case report." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 61 ] ] }, { "id": "17591299_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Bronchospasm is an anesthetic emergency that can lead to disastrous outcomes if treatment is irresolvable. An anesthesia provider must immediately initiate treatment if bronchospasm is suspected in order to avoid negative sequelae. The following is a case report of a 32-year-old man who experienced refractory bronchospasm upon emergence from general anesthesia. This article discusses the initial treatment attempted at resolving the bronchospasm, as well as the use of heliox in the ultimate resolution of the bronchospasm. Although heliox has been used foryears to treat patients with various respiratory complications, it is not currently a common treatment instituted by anesthesia practitioners for the treatment of bronchospasm. Consideration of the use of heliox may provide another option for the treatment of a patient suffering from refractory bronchospasm." ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 931 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17591299_MESH:C038949_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heliox" ], "offsets": [ [ 7, 13 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C038949" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:D001986_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intraoperative bronchospasm" ], "offsets": [ [ 18, 45 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001986" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:D001986_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bronchospasm" ], "offsets": [ [ 231, 243 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001986" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:D001986_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bronchospasm" ], "offsets": [ [ 373, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001986" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:D001986_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bronchospasm" ], "offsets": [ [ 498, 510 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001986" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:C038949_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heliox" ], "offsets": [ [ 534, 540 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C038949" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:D001986_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bronchospasm" ], "offsets": [ [ 575, 587 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001986" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 637, 645 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:D012131_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "respiratory complications" ], "offsets": [ [ 659, 684 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012131" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:D001986_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bronchospasm" ], "offsets": [ [ 785, 797 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001986" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:C038949_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heliox" ], "offsets": [ [ 827, 833 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C038949" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 884, 891 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17591299_MESH:D001986_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "refractory bronchospasm" ], "offsets": [ [ 907, 930 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001986" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12985608_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Tracheotomy." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "id": "12985608_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 13 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26669809_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Increasing Electrochemiluminescence Intensity of a Wireless Electrode Array Chip by Thousands of Times Using a Diode for Sensitive Visual Detection by a Digital Camera." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 168 ] ] }, { "id": "26669809_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Both a wireless electrochemiluminescence (ECL) electrode microarray chip and the dramatic increase in ECL by embedding a diode in an electromagnetic receiver coil have been first reported. The newly designed device consists of a chip and a transmitter. The chip has an electromagnetic receiver coil, a mini-diode, and a gold electrode array. The mini-diode can rectify alternating current into direct current and thus enhance ECL intensities by 18 thousand times, enabling a sensitive visual detection using common cameras or smart phones as low cost detectors. The detection limit of hydrogen peroxide using a digital camera is comparable to that using photomultiplier tube (PMT)-based detectors. Coupled with a PMT-based detector, the device can detect luminol with higher sensitivity with linear ranges from 10 nM to 1 mM. Because of the advantages including high sensitivity, high throughput, low cost, high portability, and simplicity, it is promising in point of care testing, drug screening, and high throughput analysis." ], "offsets": [ [ 169, 1197 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26669809_MESH:D006861_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydrogen peroxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 754, 771 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006861" } ] }, { "id": "26669809_MESH:D008165_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "luminol" ], "offsets": [ [ 924, 931 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008165" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8359899_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Implication of phagosome-lysosome fusion in restriction of Mycobacterium avium growth in bone marrow macrophages from genetically resistant mice." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 145 ] ] }, { "id": "8359899_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The ability of the host to resist infection to a variety of intracellular pathogens, including mycobacteria, is strongly dependent upon the expression of the Bcg gene. Mouse strains which express the resistance phenotype (Bcgr) restrict bacterial growth, whereas susceptible strains (Bcgs) allow bacterial growth. Expression of the Bcg allele is known to influence the priming of host macrophages (M phi s) for bactericidal function. In the present work, bone marrow-derived M phi s from congenic BALB/c (Bcgs) and C.D2 (BALB/c.Bcgr) mice were infected with the virulent strain Mycobacterium avium TMC 724 to define the mechanism involved in growth restriction of M. avium. By combining CFU measurements and ultrastructural analyses, we show that growth of this bacterium is restricted in marrow M phi s from resistant mice. Using acid phosphatase as a lysosomal marker, we provide evidence that the hydrolytic activity of M phi s, as measured by the capacity of lysosomes to fuse with and transfer active hydrolytic enzymes to phagosomes in which M. avium resides, is an expression of the Bcg gene and that this phenomenon is a key antibacterial activity responsible for growth restriction of M. avium: (i) the percentage of phagosome-lysosome fusions was twice as high in Bcgr M phi s as in Bcgs M phi s, and (ii) the percentage of intact viable bacteria residing in acid phosphatase-negative phagosomes was twice as low in Bcgr M phi s as in the Bcgs counterparts. These differences are not due to a lower activity of the enzyme in Bcgr M phi s. The mechanism by which the Bcg gene exerts control over the phagolysosomal fusion is discussed." ], "offsets": [ [ 146, 1790 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8359899_1764_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Mycobacterium avium" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1764" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_10090_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 140, 144 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_MESH:D007239_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 180, 189 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_10090_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 314, 319 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_10090_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 680, 684 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_MESH:D007239_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infected" ], "offsets": [ [ 690, 698 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_1764_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Mycobacterium avium" ], "offsets": [ [ 724, 743 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1764" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_1764_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "M. avium" ], "offsets": [ [ 810, 818 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1764" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_10090_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 965, 969 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_1764_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "M. avium" ], "offsets": [ [ 1194, 1202 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1764" } ] }, { "id": "8359899_1764_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "M. avium" ], "offsets": [ [ 1340, 1348 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1764" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6005314_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Oligosaccharide synthesis by the alimentary canal invertase of the larva of Corcyra cephalonica stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 130 ] ] }, { "id": "6005314_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 131, 131 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6005314_MESH:D009844_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Oligosaccharide" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 15 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009844" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32972815_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Cost-analysis of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with peritoneal malignancy: An Australian perspective with global application." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 175 ] ] }, { "id": "32972815_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Cost-effective cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for treatment of patients with peritoneal malignancy remains an ongoing financial challenge for healthcare systems, hospitals and patients. This study aims to describe the detailed in-hospital costs of CRS and HIPEC compared with an Australian Activity Based Funding (ABF) system, and to evaluate how the learning curve, disease entities and surgical outcomes influence in-hospital costs. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive costing review of all CRS and HIPEC cases undertaken at a large public tertiary referral hospital in Sydney, Australia from April 2017 to June 2019. In-hospital cost variables included staff, critical care, diagnosis, operating theatre, and other costs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to investigate the differences between actual cost and the provision of funding, and potential factors associated with these costs. RESULTS: Of the 118 CRS and HIPEC procedures included in the analyses, the median total cost was AU$130,804 (IQR: 105,744 to 153,972). Provision of funding via the ABF system was approximately one-third of the total CRS and HIPEC costs (p < 0.001). Surgical staff proficiency seems to reduce the total CRS and HIPEC costs. Surgical time, length of intensive care unit and hospital stay are the main predictors of total CRS and HIPEC costs. CONCLUSION: Delivery of CRS and HIPEC is expensive with high variability. A standard ABF system grossly underestimates the specific CRS and HIPEC funding required with supplementation essential to sustaining this complex highly specialised service." ], "offsets": [ [ 176, 1837 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32972815_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 96 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32972815_MESH:D010538_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "peritoneal malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 102, 123 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010538" } ] }, { "id": "32972815_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 302, 310 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32972815_MESH:D010538_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "peritoneal malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 316, 337 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010538" } ] }, { "id": "32972815_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 415, 423 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3878169_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Changing trends in heroin abuse in India: an assessment based on treatment records." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "3878169_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The study of drug addicts who were treated in the drug-abuse facilities of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences during the period from 1981 to May 1984 indicates a steady increase in the number of heroin addicts who sought treatment in those facilities. The majority of heroin addicts were under 30 years of age (87.6 per cent), unmarried (67.6 per cent), had reached either high school or college (80.0 per cent) and reported having taken up to one gram per day (56.6 per cent) of the drug for one year or less (63.8 per cent). Heroin was mainly smoked (74.3 per cent) and in some cases inhaled, sniffed or injected. Up to 1981 there were no heroin addicts recorded in the treatment facilities. Other studies in India support this evidence. On the basis of the recency of heroin addiction in India, and its trend and development in other countries of the region, the authors predict a rapid increase in heroin addiction and in the manufacture of heroin in the country." ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 1060 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3878169_MESH:D006556_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "heroin abuse" ], "offsets": [ [ 19, 31 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006556" } ] }, { "id": "3878169_MESH:D019966_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "drug addicts" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019966" } ] }, { "id": "3878169_MESH:D019966_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "drug-abuse" ], "offsets": [ [ 134, 144 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019966" } ] }, { "id": "3878169_MESH:D003932_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heroin" ], "offsets": [ [ 288, 294 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003932" } ] }, { "id": "3878169_MESH:D003932_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heroin" ], "offsets": [ [ 361, 367 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003932" } ] }, { "id": "3878169_MESH:D003932_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Heroin" ], "offsets": [ [ 620, 626 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003932" } ] }, { "id": "3878169_MESH:D003932_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heroin" ], "offsets": [ [ 734, 740 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003932" } ] }, { "id": "3878169_MESH:D003932_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heroin" ], "offsets": [ [ 864, 870 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003932" } ] }, { "id": "3878169_MESH:D003932_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heroin" ], "offsets": [ [ 995, 1001 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003932" } ] }, { "id": "3878169_MESH:D003932_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heroin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1038, 1044 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003932" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3256377_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Lifelong eccentricity and social isolation. II: Asperger's syndrome or schizoid personality disorder?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 101 ] ] }, { "id": "3256377_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Several scales are described for measuring aspects of eccentricity and social isolation; in particular, for assessing schizoid and schizotypal personality and for rating abnormal non-verbal expression. The latter is shown to be reliable, and the former to have a measure of validity. There was an association between schizoid personality traits and abnormalities of speech and non-verbal expression. However, abnormal non-verbal expression, but not schizoid personality traits or DSM-III schizotypal personality disorder, was particularly likely to occur in those subjects who had evidence of neurological deficit, and childhood symptoms indicative of developmental disorder. Abnormal non-verbal expression, but not personality disorder, was also associated with other characteristic features of Asperger's syndrome, such as unusual, 'special' interests. It is suggested that Asperger's syndrome is a distinct syndrome from either schizoid or schizotypal personality disorder, but may be a risk factor for the development of schizoid personality disorder." ], "offsets": [ [ 102, 1157 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3256377_MESH:D020817_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Asperger's syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 48, 67 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020817" } ] }, { "id": "3256377_MESH:D012557_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "schizoid personality disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 100 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012557" } ] }, { "id": "3256377_MESH:D012569_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "schizotypal personality disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 590, 622 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012569" } ] }, { "id": "3256377_MESH:D009461_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neurological deficit" ], "offsets": [ [ 695, 715 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009461" } ] }, { "id": "3256377_MESH:D002658_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "developmental disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 754, 776 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002658" } ] }, { "id": "3256377_MESH:D020817_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Asperger's syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 898, 917 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020817" } ] }, { "id": "3256377_MESH:D020817_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Asperger's syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 978, 997 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020817" } ] }, { "id": "3256377_MESH:D012569_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "schizotypal personality disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 1045, 1077 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012569" } ] }, { "id": "3256377_MESH:D012557_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "schizoid personality disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 1127, 1156 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012557" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23252338_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Light-induced subunit dissociation by a light-oxygen-voltage domain photoreceptor from Rhodobacter sphaeroides." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 111 ] ] }, { "id": "23252338_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domains bind a flavin chromophore to serve as blue light sensors in a wide range of eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteins. LOV domains are associated with a variable effector domain or a separate protein signaling partner to execute a wide variety of functions that include regulation of kinases, generation of anti-sigma factor antagonists, and regulation of circadian clocks. Here we present the crystal structure, photocycle kinetics, association properties, and spectroscopic features of a full-length LOV domain protein from Rhodobacter sphaeroides (RsLOV). RsLOV exhibits N- and C-terminal helical extensions that form an unusual helical bundle at its dimer interface with some resemblance to the helical transducer of sensory rhodopsin II. The blue light-induced conformational changes of RsLOV revealed from a comparison of light- and dark-state crystal structures support a shared signaling mechanism of LOV domain proteins that originates with the light-induced formation of a flavin-cysteinyl photoadduct. Adduct formation disrupts hydrogen bonding in the active site and propagates structural changes through the LOV domain core to the N- and C-terminal extensions. Single-residue variants in the active site and dimer interface of RsLOV alter photoadduct lifetimes and induce structural changes that perturb the oligomeric state. Size exclusion chromatography, multiangle light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, and cross-linking studies indicate that RsLOV dimerizes in the dark but, upon light excitation, dissociates into monomers. This light-induced switch in oligomeric state may prove to be useful for engineering molecular associations in controlled cellular settings." ], "offsets": [ [ 112, 1833 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23252338_MESH:D010100_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "23252338_1063_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Rhodobacter sphaeroides" ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 110 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1063" } ] }, { "id": "23252338_MESH:D010100_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 118, 124 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "23252338_MESH:C024132_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "flavin" ], "offsets": [ [ 154, 160 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C024132" } ] }, { "id": "23252338_1063_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Rhodobacter sphaeroides" ], "offsets": [ [ 667, 690 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1063" } ] }, { "id": "23252338_MESH:C024132_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "flavin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1124, 1130 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C024132" } ] }, { "id": "23252338_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cysteinyl" ], "offsets": [ [ 1131, 1140 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23252338_MESH:D006859_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1180, 1188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006859" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26078133_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The electrochemiluminescence of luminol on titania nanotubes functionalised indium tin oxide glass for flow injection analysis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 127 ] ] }, { "id": "26078133_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The titania nanotubes (TiNTs) had been immobilised onto the indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass to intensify the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of luminol. The morphology, structure and properties such as specific surface area and transmittance of synthesised TiNTs were characterised. The results indicated that the TiNTs was several hundred nanometres in length with the diameter of 20 nm. In flow injection analysis (FIA) mode, the TiNTs dramatically enhanced the ECL emission of luminol for about 25 multiple, meanwhile decreased the requirement of buffer pH and exciting potential. The ECL emission of luminol on functionalised ITO electrode has sensitive response toward hydrogen peroxide, and extraordinarily responsive toward the antioxidant. Under the optimal conditions, the ECL emission exhibited a linear response within the concentration range from 0.1 mg L(-1) to 30 mg L(-1) and an absolute detection limit of 1.65x10(-10) g of resveratrol. The gross antioxidant activity of blueberry and kiwi were determined with satisfactory recoveries." ], "offsets": [ [ 128, 1182 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26078133_MESH:D008165_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "luminol" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 39 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008165" } ] }, { "id": "26078133_MESH:C109984_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "indium tin oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 92 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C109984" } ] }, { "id": "26078133_MESH:C109984_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "indium tin oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 188, 204 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C109984" } ] }, { "id": "26078133_MESH:C109984_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ITO" ], "offsets": [ [ 206, 209 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C109984" } ] }, { "id": "26078133_MESH:D008165_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "luminol" ], "offsets": [ [ 275, 282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008165" } ] }, { "id": "26078133_MESH:D008165_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "luminol" ], "offsets": [ [ 611, 618 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008165" } ] }, { "id": "26078133_MESH:D008165_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "luminol" ], "offsets": [ [ 735, 742 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008165" } ] }, { "id": "26078133_MESH:D006861_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydrogen peroxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 805, 822 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006861" } ] }, { "id": "26078133_MESH:D000077185_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "resveratrol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1071, 1082 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077185" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20082850_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Association of interleukin-23 receptor gene polymorphisms with risk of ovarian cancer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 86 ] ] }, { "id": "20082850_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Among gynecological malignancies, ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death. The overall 5-year survival rate remains poor, and the pathogenesis is unknown. The interleukin-23 receptor (IL23R) is known to be critically involved in the carcinogenesis of different malignant tumors. To assess the role of IL23R in ovarian cancer, we conducted a study to investigate the polymorphisms of the IL23R gene in 96 Han Chinese women with histologically proven ovarian cancer. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for genotyping. In all three single nucleotide polymorphisms of IL23R studied, the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies of rs10889677 differed significantly between patients and controls. The frequency of allele C of rs10889677 was significantly increased in cases compared with controls (0.281 vs. 0.183, odds ratio OR=1.752, 95% confidence interval CI=1.107-2.772). Furthermore, when stratified by tumor stage, we found that the allele frequencies of rs11465817 differed significantly between FIGO stage I+II and III+IV. The higher frequency of allele A was significantly associated with advanced ovarian cancer (P=0.027, OR=2.087, 95% CI=1.083-4.023). These findings indicate that IL23R polymorphisms may play an important role in the susceptibility and prognosis of ovarian cancer in the Chinese population." ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 1455 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20082850_149233_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "interleukin-23 receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 15, 38 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "149233" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_MESH:D010051_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ovarian cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 85 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010051" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_MESH:D009369_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancies, ovarian cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 107, 135 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_MESH:D003643_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 160, 165 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_149233_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "interleukin-23 receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 274 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "149233" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_149233_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL23R" ], "offsets": [ [ 276, 281 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "149233" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_MESH:D009369_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 353, 369 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_149233_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL23R" ], "offsets": [ [ 393, 398 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "149233" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_MESH:D010051_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ovarian cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 402, 416 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010051" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_149233_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL23R" ], "offsets": [ [ 479, 484 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "149233" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 508, 513 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_MESH:D010051_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ovarian cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 541, 555 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010051" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_149233_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL23R" ], "offsets": [ [ 697, 702 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "149233" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_tmVar:rs10889677;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:149233;RS#:10889677_13", "type": "SNP", "text": [ "rs10889677" ], "offsets": [ [ 767, 777 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "unknown", "db_id": "tmVar:rs10889677;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:149233;RS#:10889677" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 809, 817 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_tmVar:rs10889677;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:149233;RS#:10889677_15", "type": "SNP", "text": [ "rs10889677" ], "offsets": [ [ 861, 871 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "unknown", "db_id": "tmVar:rs10889677;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:149233;RS#:10889677" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_MESH:D009369_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1044, 1049 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_tmVar:rs11465817;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:149233;RS#:11465817_17", "type": "SNP", "text": [ "rs11465817" ], "offsets": [ [ 1097, 1107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "unknown", "db_id": "tmVar:rs11465817;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:149233;RS#:11465817" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_MESH:D020178_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "advanced ovarian cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1234, 1257 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020178" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_149233_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL23R" ], "offsets": [ [ 1328, 1333 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "149233" } ] }, { "id": "20082850_MESH:D010051_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ovarian cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1414, 1428 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010051" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7313228_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Presence of Glossina tachinoides Westwood, 1850 (Diptera, Glossininae) in the south of Togo]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 94 ] ] }, { "id": "7313228_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 95 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7313228_37002_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Glossina tachinoides Westwood, 1850" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "37002" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24409358_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Identification of proteasome subunit beta type 3 involved in the potential mechanism of corticosteroid protective effectiveness on beta-2 adrenoceptor desensitization by a proteomics approach." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 192 ] ] }, { "id": "24409358_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway inflammation with mucus hypersecretion and hyperresponsiveness to various nonspecific stimuli. Corticosteroids are usually used to prevent beta2 adrenoceptor (beta2AR) desensitization in clinical and experimental practice. But the exact mechanism of corticosteroid effectiveness on beta2AR desensitization is unclear. OBJECTIVES: To find the potential mechanisms related to the protective effects of corticosteroid on salbutamol induced beta2AR desensitization by a proteomics approach. METHODS: Thirty-two BALB/c (6-8 weeks old) mice were divided into four groups: group A, control group, phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-treated group; group B, asthmatic group, treated by ovalbumin (OVA); group C, beta2AR desensitized asthmatic group, treated by OVA and salbutamol (SBT) and group D, corticosteroid-treated beta2AR desensitized asthmatic group, treated with OVA, SBT and Dexamethasone (DEX). After administrated with those drugs, their serum total IgE, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytokine concentration, airway resistance and membrane receptor number of beta2AR were evaluated. After then, the mice of group C and D were sacrificed, their protein from lung tissue were extracted and then seperated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE). Then, the isolated protein spots were analyzed by ImageMaster software and mass spectrometry. Bioinformatic tools were used to search these protein spots and find interesting protein spots associated with corticosteroid protective effect on beta2AR desensitization. Finally, these protein spots were confirmed by Western blotting. RESULTS: With inflammatory cell count, cytokine concentration of BALF, pathological sections, total serum IgE, airway resistance, membrane receptor number and beta2AR total amount changes, asthmatic mouse model and beta2AR desensitization asthmatic mouse model were successfully established. Seventeen protein spots were found different expression between group C and group D, 4 protein spots were down-regulated and 13 protein spots were up-regulated compared to group C. Proteasome subunit beta type 3 was down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS: Increased proteasome subunit beta type 3 expression may be responsible for salbutamol-induced beta2AR desensitization in asthmatic disease, and DEX possibly render the beta2AR resensitization partially by decreasing the content of proteasome." ], "offsets": [ [ 193, 2636 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24409358_26446_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "proteasome subunit beta type 3" ], "offsets": [ [ 18, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26446" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11555_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta-2 adrenoceptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 131, 150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11555" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D001249_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Asthma" ], "offsets": [ [ 205, 211 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001249" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D002908_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic inflammatory disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 245 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002908" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D007249_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 270, 282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11555_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2 adrenoceptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 409, 427 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11555" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 429, 436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 552, 559 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D000420_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 688, 698 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 707, 714 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_10090_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 800, 804 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphate buffered saline" ], "offsets": [ [ 860, 885 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PBS" ], "offsets": [ [ 887, 890 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_282665_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ovalbumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 944, 953 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "282665" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_282665_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "OVA" ], "offsets": [ [ 955, 958 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "282665" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 970, 977 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_282665_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "OVA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1019, 1022 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "282665" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D000420_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1027, 1037 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 1080, 1087 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_282665_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "OVA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1131, 1134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "282665" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D003907_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Dexamethasone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1144, 1157 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003907" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D003907_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DEX" ], "offsets": [ [ 1159, 1162 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003907" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 1336, 1343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_10090_23", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1376, 1380 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 1767, 1774 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 2016, 2023 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_10090_26", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 2056, 2061 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_27", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 2072, 2079 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_10090_28", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 2106, 2111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_26446_29", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Proteasome subunit beta type 3" ], "offsets": [ [ 2330, 2360 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26446" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_26446_30", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "proteasome subunit beta type 3" ], "offsets": [ [ 2404, 2434 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26446" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D000420_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 2469, 2479 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_32", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 2488, 2495 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D013224_33", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "asthmatic disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 2515, 2532 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013224" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_MESH:D003907_34", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DEX" ], "offsets": [ [ 2538, 2541 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003907" } ] }, { "id": "24409358_11540_35", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2AR" ], "offsets": [ [ 2562, 2569 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11540" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23493854_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Calretinin Immunohistochemistery: An Aid in the Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 84 ] ] }, { "id": "23493854_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVES: Definite diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is based on histopathological study, but there are limitations associated with standard histology and histochemistry in this regard. The aim of this study was to investigate calretinin immunostaining patterns in both ganglionic and aganglionic HD intestinal specimens and to compare them with control specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Specimens included 30 patients with histopathologic diagnosis of HD and 20 patients that underwent colectomy for other reasons (as control group). Eighty paraffin wax blocks of full thickness intestinal specimens (30 blocks of ganglionic segments, 30 blocks of aganglionic segments and 20 blocks of control group) were studied. Calretinin immunoreactivity and pattern of staining for ganglion cells (nuclear and cytoplasmic) and also nerve fibers in different layers of bowel were evaluated in IHC stained slides. RESULTS: There were positive immunostaining of nerve fibers in the lamina propria, submucosa and muscularis propria in control and patient group. There were also nuclear and cytoplasmic staining of ganglion cells in submucosa and muscularis propria in all specimens of both control group (100%) and ganglionic segments (100%). Calretinin immunoexpression of nerve fibers in muscularis propria of the aganglionic segments was negative in all but two cases (6.7%). This method had sensitivity of 93.3% and specificity of 100% for diagnosis of HD in full thickness specimens of intestinal wall. The positive predictive value was 100% and negative predictive value was 93.8%. CONCLUSION: Calretinin immunohistochemistry can be used on suction rectal biopsies as a reliable and adjunctive method to diagnose HD." ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 1802 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23493854_794_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Calretinin" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 10 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "794" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_57379_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Aid" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 40 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "57379" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_MESH:D006627_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Hirschsprung's Disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 83 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006627" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_MESH:D006627_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Hirschsprung's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 119, 141 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006627" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_MESH:D006627_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HD" ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 145 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006627" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_794_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "calretinin" ], "offsets": [ [ 321, 331 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "794" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_MESH:D006627_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HD" ], "offsets": [ [ 391, 393 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006627" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 504, 512 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_MESH:D006627_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HD" ], "offsets": [ [ 547, 549 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006627" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 557, 565 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_MESH:D010232_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "paraffin wax" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 648 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010232" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_794_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Calretinin" ], "offsets": [ [ 810, 820 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "794" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1127, 1134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_794_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Calretinin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1323, 1333 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "794" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_MESH:D006627_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1537, 1539 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006627" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_794_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Calretinin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1680, 1690 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "794" } ] }, { "id": "23493854_MESH:D006627_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1799, 1801 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006627" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2647344_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Rigid fixation and facial asymmetry." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 36 ] ] }, { "id": "2647344_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The use of rigid fixation for the correction of facial asymmetry is in principle no different from its use in other forms of craniomaxillofacial deformity. The use of screws and plates demands more precise techniques than the use of wires. Attention to detail in passively fitting the plate to the defect and accurate insertion of the drill holes and screws enables the production of good occlusion and a symmetrical face. The precise osteotomies and bone grafts needed in the correction of all forms of skeletal asymmetry are as described for hemifacial microsomia or temporomandibular ankylosis. In a young child whose secondary dentition has not yet erupted it is not possible to insert screws, neither is the bone in a costochondral graft solid enough to permit screw fixation without the use of intermaxillary fixation. Therefore, rigid fixation can be used for osteotomies and bone grafts in patients whose main permanent dentition has erupted and in whom the cortex of the bone graft is strong enough to retain the screws against the pull of facial muscles." ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 1101 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2647344_MESH:D000077275_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "craniomaxillofacial deformity" ], "offsets": [ [ 162, 191 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077275" } ] }, { "id": "2647344_MESH:D001157_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "good occlusion" ], "offsets": [ [ 421, 435 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001157" } ] }, { "id": "2647344_MESH:D006053_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hemifacial microsomia" ], "offsets": [ [ 581, 602 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006053" } ] }, { "id": "2647344_MESH:D000844_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ankylosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 624, 633 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000844" } ] }, { "id": "2647344_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 646, 651 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2647344_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 935, 943 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33071955_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Negative Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Admissions for Intracranial Hemorrhage." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "33071955_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has seriously impacted healthcare systems worldwide. Admissions for various non-COVID-19 emergencies have significantly decreased. We sought to determine the impact of COVID-19 on admissions for intracranial hemorrhage to a German University Hospital emergency department. Methods: In a retrospective analysis of admissions to the emergency department of the University Hospital Mannheim from January to June 2020 and the corresponding time period in 2019, all patients admitted for either traumatic or non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage were evaluated. Poisson regression was performed to analyze changes in admission rates as a function of year, epoch (COVID-19-epoch, March to April 2020 and corresponding months 2019; non-COVID-19-epoch, January to February and May to June 2019/2020) and the interaction of year and epoch (reflecting the impact of the pandemic and subsequent lockdown measures). Results: Overall, 320 patients were included in the study. During the COVID-19-epoch, admission rates for spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage decreased significantly by 42.1% (RR 0.579, p = 0.002, 95% confidence interval 0.410-0.818). Likewise, admission rates for traumatic intracranial hemorrhage decreased significantly by 53.7% [RR = 0.463, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.358-0.599]. Conclusion: The decrease of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhages may be a consequence of underutilization of the healthcare system whereas decreasing rates of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage admissions may predominantly reflect a decrease in true incidence rates due to lockdown measures with restricted mobility. Raising patient awareness to seek emergency healthcare for acute neurological deficits during lockdown measures is important to ensure appropriate emergency care for patients with intracranial hemorrhage." ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 1941 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33071955_MESH:C000657245_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 23, 31 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D020300_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Intracranial Hemorrhage" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 82 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020300" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:C000657245_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 108 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:C000657245_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 198, 206 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:C000657245_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 286, 294 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D020300_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intracranial hemorrhage" ], "offsets": [ [ 313, 336 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020300" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 579, 587 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D014947_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "traumatic" ], "offsets": [ [ 608, 617 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014947" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D014947_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "traumatic" ], "offsets": [ [ 625, 634 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014947" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D020300_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intracranial hemorrhage" ], "offsets": [ [ 635, 658 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020300" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:C000657245_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 776, 784 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:C000657245_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 847, 855 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1044, 1052 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:C000657245_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 1092, 1100 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D020300_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intracranial hemorrhage" ], "offsets": [ [ 1140, 1163 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020300" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D020300_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "traumatic intracranial hemorrhage" ], "offsets": [ [ 1287, 1320 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020300" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D020300_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intracranial hemorrhages" ], "offsets": [ [ 1461, 1485 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020300" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D020300_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "traumatic intracranial hemorrhage" ], "offsets": [ [ 1580, 1613 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020300" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_9606_18", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1745, 1752 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D009461_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neurological deficits" ], "offsets": [ [ 1802, 1823 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009461" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_9606_20", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1903, 1911 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33071955_MESH:D020300_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intracranial hemorrhage" ], "offsets": [ [ 1917, 1940 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020300" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9869429_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Sequential and structural homology between intracellular pathogenesis-related proteins and a group of latex proteins." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 117 ] ] }, { "id": "9869429_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The intracellular pathogenesis-related proteins have been identified in a broad range of flowering plants. Some display quite different patterns of expression, in many cases unrelated to the pathogenic response. Nevertheless, these proteins are all very similar and in most cases share more than 35% sequence identity. In this report we investigate the significance of a rather weak similarity between the intracellular pathogenesis-related (IPR or PR-10) proteins and a group of proteins identified in the latex of opium poppy and in Arabidopsis, among others. A sequence analysis held together with the recently published three-dimensional structure of Bet v 1, an IPR protein from birch pollen, strongly suggests sequential and structural homology between the two protein families." ], "offsets": [ [ 118, 902 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9869429_3398_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "flowering plants" ], "offsets": [ [ 207, 223 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3398" } ] }, { "id": "9869429_3469_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "opium poppy" ], "offsets": [ [ 634, 645 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3469" } ] }, { "id": "9869429_3702_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Arabidopsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 653, 664 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3702" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13749478_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Owren's capillary blood thrombotest for office or bedside control of anticoagulant therapy: an evaluation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 106 ] ] }, { "id": "13749478_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 107, 107 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14306228_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[GLUTAMIC OXALOACETIC TRANSAMINASE (GOT) AND GLUTAMIC PYRUVIC TRANSAMINASE (GPT) ACTIVITIES IN MOUSE LIVER AND KIDNEY DURING EXPERIMENTAL POISONING WITH URANYL NITRATE AND CARBON TETRACHLORIDE]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 195 ] ] }, { "id": "14306228_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 196, 196 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14306228_76282_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GLUTAMIC PYRUVIC TRANSAMINASE" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "76282" } ] }, { "id": "14306228_76282_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GPT" ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 80 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "76282" } ] }, { "id": "14306228_10090_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "MOUSE" ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 101 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "14306228_MESH:D014502_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "URANYL NITRATE" ], "offsets": [ [ 154, 168 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014502" } ] }, { "id": "14306228_MESH:D002251_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CARBON TETRACHLORIDE" ], "offsets": [ [ 173, 193 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002251" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17034325_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Personality traits as predictors of intentions to seek online information about STDs and HIV/AIDS among junior and senior college students in Taiwan." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 149 ] ] }, { "id": "17034325_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to examine how personality traits such as sensation- seeking and impulsive decision-making affect Taiwanese college students' intentions to seek online information about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Five hundred thirty-five (n = 535) junior and senior college students in Taiwan were recruited and completed self-report questionnaires. This study found high sensation-seekers were more likely to seek information about STDs and HIV/AIDS on the Internet than low sensation-seekers. Impulsive decision-makers were less likely than rational decision-makers to seek information about STDs and HIV/AIDS on the Internet. These findings suggest that personality needs to be considered as an exploratory factor which potentially influences intentions to seek STD and HIV/AIDS information on the Internet among Taiwanese college students." ], "offsets": [ [ 150, 1113 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17034325_MESH:D015658_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 92 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D000163_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AIDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 93, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000163" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D000163_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 412, 470 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000163" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D015658_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 472, 475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D000163_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AIDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 476, 480 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000163" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D015658_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 712, 715 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D000163_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AIDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 716, 720 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000163" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D015658_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 873, 876 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D000163_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AIDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 877, 881 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000163" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D015658_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 1043, 1046 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015658" } ] }, { "id": "17034325_MESH:D000163_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AIDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1047, 1051 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000163" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28777834_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Caution Advised for Readers of Letters Related to Retracted Articles." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 69 ] ] }, { "id": "28777834_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 70 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1043003_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Professional teachers--educating the young]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 45 ] ] }, { "id": "1043003_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 46 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31060394_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Insights into the Progression of Labile Hb A1c to Stable Hb A1c via a Mechanistic Assessment of 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate Facilitation of the Slow Nonenzymatic Glycation Process." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 176 ] ] }, { "id": "31060394_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Nonenzymatic glycation (NEG) of human hemoglobin (Hb A) consists of initial non covalent, reversible steps involving glucose and amino acid residues, which may also involve effector reagent(s) in the formation of labile Hb A1c (the conjugate acid of the Schiff base). Labile Hb A1c can then undergo slow, largely irreversible, formation of stable Hb A1c (the Amadori product). Stable Hb A1c is measured to assess diabetic progression after labile Hb A1c removal. This study aimed to increase the understanding of the distinctions between labile and stable Hb A1c from a mechanistic perspective in the presence of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG). 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate is an effector reagent that reversibly binds in the Hb A1c pocket and modestly enhances overall NEG rate. The deprotonation of C2 on labile Hb A1c in the formation of the Amadori product was previously proposed to be rate-limiting. Computational chemistry was used here to identify the mechanism(s) by which 2,3-BPG facilitates the deprotonation of C2 on labile Hb A1c. 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate is capable of abstracting protons on C2 and the alpha-nitrogen of labile Hb A1c and can also deprotonate water and/or amino acid residues, therefore preparing these secondary reagents to deprotonate labile Hb A1c. Parallel reactions not leading to an Amadori product were found that include formation of the neutral Schiff base, dissociation of glucose from the protein, and cyclic glycosylamine formation. These heretofore under appreciated parallel reactions may help explain both the selective removal of labile from stable Hb A1c and the slow rate of NEG." ], "offsets": [ [ 177, 1802 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31060394_MESH:D019794_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate" ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 119 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019794" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 209, 214 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_85340_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Hb A" ], "offsets": [ [ 227, 231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "85340" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D005947_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 294, 301 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D012545_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Schiff base" ], "offsets": [ [ 431, 442 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012545" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D003920_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetic" ], "offsets": [ [ 590, 598 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D019794_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2,3-bisphosphoglycerate" ], "offsets": [ [ 790, 813 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019794" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D019794_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2,3-BPG" ], "offsets": [ [ 815, 822 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019794" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D019794_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate" ], "offsets": [ [ 825, 848 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019794" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D019794_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2,3-BPG" ], "offsets": [ [ 1157, 1164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019794" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:C023714_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "C2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1198, 1200 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C023714" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D019794_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1219, 1242 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019794" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D009584_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1297, 1305 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009584" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D014867_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1348, 1353 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D012545_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Schiff base" ], "offsets": [ [ 1559, 1570 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012545" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_MESH:D005947_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1588, 1595 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "31060394_-_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclic glycosylamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1618, 1638 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18828394_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Influences of pine needles physiological properties on the PAH accumulation]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "18828394_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The lipid contents, specific surface areas and stomata density of two kinds of pine (Cedrus deodar and Pinus thunbergii) needles were determined simultaneously with the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The influences of the physiological properties of two species on the accumulation of PAHs in pine needles were investigated. The PAH concentrations in Cedrus deodar needles are higher than that in Pinus thunbergii needles, and the average total PAH concentrations (PAHs) in two species are (1 101 +/- 692) ng/g and (518 +/- 339) ng/g, respectively. The capabilities of accumulating PAHs for two species are different. The lipid content is the principal factor influencing the levels of pine needle PAHs. In Cedrus deodar and Pinus thunbergii needles, 3-ring (> 56%) and 4-ring (> 31%) PAHs make up large proportions of sigma PAHs. The accumulation capabilities of pine needles for 3-ring PAHs are greater than 4-ring PAHs, and the concentrations of 3-ring PAHs are about two times of those of 4-ring PAHs. There are no significant correlations between the levels of 5- and 6-ring PAHs and lipid contents for two species. For two species, the correlations between lipid contents and specific surface areas are different, which results in the contrary correlations between the PAH levels and specific surface areas for Cedrus deodar and Pinus thunbergii. Specific surface areas and stomata density affect the levels of 5- and 6-ring PAHs in pine needles significantly." ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 1565 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18828394_MESH:D011084_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PAH" ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 63 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011084" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_MESH:D008055_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 88 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_3350_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pinus thunbergii" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 198 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3350" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_MESH:D011084_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons" ], "offsets": [ [ 258, 290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011084" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_MESH:D011084_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PAHs" ], "offsets": [ [ 292, 296 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011084" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_MESH:D011084_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PAHs" ], "offsets": [ [ 384, 388 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011084" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_MESH:D011084_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PAH" ], "offsets": [ [ 428, 431 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011084" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_3350_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pinus thunbergii" ], "offsets": [ [ 496, 512 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3350" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_MESH:D011084_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PAH" ], "offsets": [ [ 544, 547 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011084" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_MESH:D008055_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 721, 726 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_3350_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pinus thunbergii" ], "offsets": [ [ 824, 840 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3350" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_MESH:D008055_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1188, 1193 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_MESH:D008055_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1262, 1267 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "18828394_3350_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pinus thunbergii" ], "offsets": [ [ 1434, 1450 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3350" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3092338_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Simplified data collection and analysis in a Schistosoma mansoni endemic area." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "3092338_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Proper data collection and analysis is one of the important factors to successfully carry out the surveys in Schistosoma mansoni endemic areas. The data needed can be divided into three main categories i.e. pre-survey, during the survey and follow up data. Various factors are considered important for correct data collection. Without proper data collection and analysis, future planning of the programme, monitoring of the operation, modifications, correct interpretation of the results and evaluation of the programme cannot be done. Hence correct decision on the future of the programme cannot be made by professional, technical and administrative authorities. Data collection forms could be designed as required, keeping in mind the objectives of the programme." ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 844 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3092338_6183_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Schistosoma mansoni" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 64 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6183" } ] }, { "id": "3092338_6183_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Schistosoma mansoni" ], "offsets": [ [ 188, 207 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6183" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35111296_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Advances in pharmacotherapy for postpartum depression: a structured review of standard-of-care antidepressants and novel neuroactive steroid antidepressants." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 157 ] ] }, { "id": "35111296_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Postpartum depression is one of the most common morbidities of childbearing, yet it is underdiagnosed and undertreated with negative consequences for mother and offspring. Despite the widespread use of standard-of-care antidepressants as the mainstay of treatment for postpartum depression, there is limited evidence on their safety and efficacy due to their slow onset of action and suboptimal outcomes. The emergence of gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neuroactive steroids may offer faster response and remission times and improved patient outcomes. This article reviews the evidence base for the efficacy of standard-of-care antidepressants, hormonal therapeutics including progestins and estradiol, and gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neuroactive steroids in the treatment of postpartum depression, as well as the safety of infant exposure to these agents during lactation." ], "offsets": [ [ 158, 1029 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35111296_MESH:D000275_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 53 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_MESH:D013256_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 133, 140 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_MESH:D000275_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 169, 179 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_MESH:D000275_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 437, 447 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "gamma-aminobutyric" ], "offsets": [ [ 580, 598 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_MESH:D013256_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 621, 629 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 689, 696 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_MESH:D004958_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "estradiol" ], "offsets": [ [ 847, 856 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004958" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_-_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "gamma-aminobutyric" ], "offsets": [ [ 862, 880 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_MESH:D013256_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 903, 911 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "35111296_MESH:D000275_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 943, 953 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34444950_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The Prophylactic Effects of Glutamine on Muscle Protein Synthesis and Degradation in Rats with Ethanol-Induced Liver Damage." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 124 ] ] }, { "id": "34444950_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The purpose of this research was to investigate the prophylactic effects of glutamine on muscle protein synthesis and degradation in rats with ethanol-induced liver injury. For the first 2 weeks, Wistar rats were divided into two groups and fed a control (n = 16) or glutamine-containing diet (n = 24). For the following 6 weeks, rats fed the control diet were further divided into two groups (n = 8 per group) according to whether their diet contained no ethanol (CC) or did contain ethanol (CE). Rats fed the glutamine-containing diet were also further divided into three groups (n = 8 per group), including a GG group (glutamine-containing diet without ethanol), GE group (control diet with ethanol), and GEG group (glutamine-containing diet with ethanol). After 6 weeks, results showed that hepatic fatty change, inflammation, altered liver function, and hyperammonemia had occurred in the CE group, but these were attenuated in the GE and GEG groups. Elevated intestinal permeability and a higher plasma endotoxin level were observed in the CE group, but both were lower in the GE and GEG groups. The level of a protein synthesis marker (p70S6K) was reduced in the CE group but was higher in both the GE and GEG groups. In conclusion, glutamine supplementation might elevate muscle protein synthesis by improving intestinal health and ameliorating liver damage in rats with chronic ethanol intake." ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 1527 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34444950_MESH:D005973_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Glutamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005973" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_10116_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 89 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D000431_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D056486_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Liver Damage" ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 123 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D005973_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glutamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 201, 210 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005973" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_10116_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 258, 262 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D000431_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 268, 275 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D017093_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 284, 296 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017093" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_10116_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Wistar rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 321, 332 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D005973_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glutamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 392, 401 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005973" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_10116_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 455, 459 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D000431_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 581, 588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D000431_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 609, 616 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_10116_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 623, 627 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D005973_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glutamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 645 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005973" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D005973_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glutamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 747, 756 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005973" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D000431_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 781, 788 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D000431_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 819, 826 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D005973_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glutamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 844, 853 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005973" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D000431_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 875, 882 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D005234_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatic fatty change" ], "offsets": [ [ 920, 940 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D007249_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 942, 954 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D022124_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperammonemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 984, 998 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D022124" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_83840_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p70S6K" ], "offsets": [ [ 1268, 1274 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "83840" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D005973_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glutamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1365, 1374 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005973" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D006973_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "elevate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1397, 1404 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D056486_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver damage" ], "offsets": [ [ 1478, 1490 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_10116_27", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 1494, 1498 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "34444950_MESH:D000431_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1512, 1519 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19645624_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Evaluating the psychological effects of genetic testing in symptomatic patients: a systematic review." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 101 ] ] }, { "id": "19645624_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Most research on the effects of genetic testing is performed in individuals at increased risk for a specific disease (presymptomatic subjects) but not in patients already affected by disease. If results of these studies in presymptomatic subjects can be applied to patients is unclear. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the effects of genetic testing in patients and describe the methodological instruments used. About 2611 articles were retrieved and 16 studies included. Studies reported great variety in designs, methods, and patient outcomes. In total, 2868 participants enrolled of which 62% were patients. Patients appeared to have a lower perceived general health and higher levels of anxiety and depression than presymptomatic subjects before genetic testing. In the long term no psychological impairment was shown. We conclude that patients differ from presymptomatic subjects and may be more vulnerable to negative effects of genetic testing. Conclusions from earlier research on presymptomatic genetic testing cannot be generalized to patients, and more standardized research is needed." ], "offsets": [ [ 102, 1210 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19645624_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 79 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 256, 264 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 367, 375 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 467, 475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 642, 649 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 675, 687 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 715, 723 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 725, 733 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_MESH:D001007_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 805, 812 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_MESH:D000275_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 817, 827 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 954, 962 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19645624_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1159, 1167 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1204949_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Detection of anti-HBs in two groups of institutionalized people by solid-phase radioimmunoassay using human labelled antibody." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 126 ] ] }, { "id": "1204949_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A modification of Ausria II-125 solid-phase radio-immunoassay has been performed for the detection of anti-HGs in sera from 217 subjects living in two institutions. 129 subjects were mentally retarded and belonged to an institution; the other 88 were healthy people living in another institution, 74 of whom were residents and 14 members of the assistance staff. These 88 subjects were tested again three months later. Contemporaneously HBsAg was tested by Ausria II-125. Out of 129 mentally retarded subjects, 18 (13.9%) were positive for anti-HBs and 6 (4.6%1 for HBsAg. Out of 88 apparently healthy residents and members of the assistance staff, anti-HBs was detected in 24 (27.3%) and in 25 (28.4%), in the first and second bleeding, respectively; the distribution of anti-HBs carriers between residents and staff was quite similar. The screening of anti-HBs by rHA, performed in the same 88 subjects, showed a greater sensitivity than RIA modified in detecting anti-HBs carriers. Our findings outline the importance of the detection of anti-HBs as a marker of the virus B infection." ], "offsets": [ [ 127, 1214 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1204949_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 63 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1204949_MESH:D008607_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mentally retarded" ], "offsets": [ [ 310, 327 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008607" } ] }, { "id": "1204949_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 386, 392 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32650519_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Transitions of Liver and Biliary Enzymes during Proton Beam Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "32650519_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Proton beam therapy (PBT) is a curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), because it can preserve liver function due to dose targeting via the Bragg peak. However, the degree of direct liver damage by PBT is unclear. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed liver/biliary enzymes and total bilirubin (T-Bil) as markers of direct liver damage during and early after PBT in 300 patients. The levels of these enzymes and bilirubin were almost stable throughout the treatment period. In patients with normal pretreatment levels, aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and T-Bil were abnormally elevated in only 2 (1.2%), 1 (0.4%), 0, 2 (1.2%), and 8 (3.5%) patients, respectively, and in 8 of these 13 patients (61.5%) the elevations were temporary. In patients with abnormal pretreatment levels, the levels tended to decrease during PBT. GGT and T-Bil were elevated by 1.62 and 1.57 times in patients who received 66 Gy (RBE) in 10 fractions and 74 Gy (RBE) in 37 fractions, respectively, but again these changes were temporary. These results suggest that direct damage to normal liver caused by PBT is minimal, even if a patient has abnormal pretreatment enzyme levels." ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 1361 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32650519_MESH:D006528_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Hepatocellular Carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 96 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_MESH:C041191_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "beam" ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C041191" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_MESH:D006528_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatocellular carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 152, 176 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_MESH:D006528_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HCC" ], "offsets": [ [ 178, 181 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_MESH:D056486_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver damage" ], "offsets": [ [ 295, 307 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_MESH:D001663_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bilirubin" ], "offsets": [ [ 402, 411 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001663" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Bil" ], "offsets": [ [ 415, 418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_MESH:D056486_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver damage" ], "offsets": [ [ 441, 453 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 488, 496 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_MESH:D001663_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bilirubin" ], "offsets": [ [ 530, 539 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001663" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 595, 603 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_26503_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "AST" ], "offsets": [ [ 655, 658 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26503" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_2875_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alanine aminotransferase" ], "offsets": [ [ 661, 685 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2875" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_250_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alkaline phosphatase" ], "offsets": [ [ 693, 713 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "250" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_250_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ALP" ], "offsets": [ [ 715, 718 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "250" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_102724197_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase" ], "offsets": [ [ 721, 750 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "102724197" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_102724197_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GGT" ], "offsets": [ [ 752, 755 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "102724197" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 847, 855 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_9606_18", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 892, 900 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 943, 951 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_102724197_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GGT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1029, 1032 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "102724197" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1083, 1091 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32650519_9606_22", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1313, 1320 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31148581_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Detection of alveolar bone defects with three different voxel sizes of cone-beam computed tomography: an in vitro study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 120 ] ] }, { "id": "31148581_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "This study was conducted to assess the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of different voxel sizes in the detection of alveolar bone defects, and to select the optimal voxel size for clinical use. 46 in-vitro teeth were placed in bovine ribs in which alveolar bone defects were randomly simulated. In total, 32 alveolar bone defects and 14 teeth without periodontal defects were used. CBCT images were acquired with the use of three different voxel sizes: 0.125-mm, 0.2-mm and 0.4-mm. The scan data were 3D-reconstructed in Mimics software and evaluated by two observers with more than 5 years of experience in CBCT. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and diagnostic values were obtained. Pairwise comparison of ROC curves was made for evaluation of the diagnostic values of different voxel sizes. Kappa statistics assessed the observer reliability. Results were considered significant at P < 0.05. It showed no statistically significant difference between 0.125-mm group and 0.2-mm group, but 0.4-mm group had lower Az values that differed significantly from 0.125-mm and 0.2-mm groups (P < 0.05). Based on diagnostic value and radiation protection, 0.2-mm voxel size may be a good choice for the detection of bone defects with CBCT." ], "offsets": [ [ 121, 1381 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31148581_MESH:D016301_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alveolar bone defects" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 34 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016301" } ] }, { "id": "31148581_MESH:D016301_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alveolar bone defects" ], "offsets": [ [ 254, 275 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016301" } ] }, { "id": "31148581_9913_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 365, 371 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "31148581_MESH:D016301_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alveolar bone defects" ], "offsets": [ [ 386, 407 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016301" } ] }, { "id": "31148581_MESH:D016301_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alveolar bone defects" ], "offsets": [ [ 446, 467 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016301" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14655614_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Kid-friendly waiting areas in ED boost satisfaction." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 52 ] ] }, { "id": "14655614_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 53 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14568890_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A new marker?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "id": "14568890_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 14 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3742150_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The effects of long-term infusion of salbutamol, diltiazem and nifedipine on uterine contractions in the ovariectomized, post-partum rat." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 137 ] ] }, { "id": "3742150_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The sensitivity of the uterus to the inhibition of contractions by salbutamol, diltiazem or nifedipine was assessed in the ovariectomized, post-partum rat by dose-response curves following bolus intravenous (i.v.) administration. These tests were performed before (day 1), immediately after a 20 h i.v. infusion of salbutamol, diltiazem, nifedipine or appropriate control infusate (day 2) and after a further 20 h infusion of saline (day 3). In a further group of animals sensitivity to nifedipine was assessed before and after a 20 h infusion of salbutamol. Uterine contractions were monitored throughout infusions. Infusion of salbutamol (2 micrograms kg-1 min-1) produced an initial marked inhibition of uterine contractions, an effect which was not maintained despite continued infusion. Contractions reappeared after 2 h of infusion and reached pre-infusion levels by 5 h. The dose-response curve to salbutamol on day 2 was shifted more than 100 fold to the right compared with that on day 1. Sensitivity of the uterus on day 3 did not differ from that on day 1. Nifedipine (25 micrograms kg-1 min-1) produced sustained inhibition of uterine contractions throughout the 20 h of infusion. Sensitivity of the uterus to nifedipine could not, therefore, be tested on day 2; sensitivity on day 3 did not differ from that on day 1. In addition, there was no change in sensitivity of the uterus to nifedipine after a 20 h infusion of salbutamol. 4 Diltiazem (200 Ig kg-' min-') produced a marked initial inhibition of uterine contractions, with a partial return of contractions during continued infusion in 7 out of 12 animals so that mean integral values reached 40% of those pre-infusion. The dose-response curve to diltiazem on day 2 showed a 25 fold shift to the right compared with that on day 1 in 4 out of 12 animals where the test could be performed. Sensitivity of the uterus on day 3 did not differ from that on day 1. 5 These findings suggest that marked but reversible tolerance to the inhibitory actions of salbutamol on uterine contractions occurs during long-term infusion. There was no evidence of tolerance to the uterine actions of nifedipine, but there was evidence of tolerance to diltiazem in some animals." ], "offsets": [ [ 138, 2363 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3742150_MESH:D000420_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 47 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D004110_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "diltiazem" ], "offsets": [ [ 49, 58 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004110" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D009543_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nifedipine" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009543" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_10116_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 133, 136 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D000420_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 205, 215 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D004110_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "diltiazem" ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004110" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D009543_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nifedipine" ], "offsets": [ [ 230, 240 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009543" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_10116_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 289, 292 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D000420_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 453, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D004110_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "diltiazem" ], "offsets": [ [ 465, 474 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004110" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D009543_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nifedipine" ], "offsets": [ [ 476, 486 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009543" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D009543_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nifedipine" ], "offsets": [ [ 625, 635 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009543" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D000420_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 685, 695 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D000420_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 767, 777 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D000420_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1043, 1053 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D009543_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Nifedipine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1206, 1216 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009543" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D009543_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nifedipine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1360, 1370 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009543" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D009543_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nifedipine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1534, 1544 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009543" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D000420_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1570, 1580 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D004110_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Diltiazem" ], "offsets": [ [ 1584, 1593 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004110" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D004110_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "diltiazem" ], "offsets": [ [ 1854, 1863 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004110" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D000420_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salbutamol" ], "offsets": [ [ 2156, 2166 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000420" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D009543_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nifedipine" ], "offsets": [ [ 2286, 2296 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009543" } ] }, { "id": "3742150_MESH:D004110_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "diltiazem" ], "offsets": [ [ 2337, 2346 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004110" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8458305_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Designing and implementing a comprehensive quality assurance program for bedside glucose testing." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "8458305_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A program for bedside glucose testing has been successfully implemented and in operation at Sharp Memorial Hospital since October 1990. The nursing staff training and certification process focuses on gaining an understanding of the issues and skills needed to routinely perform the tests to laboratory quality standards. Routine quality control checks are performed to ensure the accuracy and precision of the glucose values obtained on patients, thus maintaining quality in the process. Instituting this comprehensive QA program for bedside glucose testing has enabled us to improve the accuracy of our measurements and increase the quality of our patient care." ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 760 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8458305_MESH:D005947_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 81, 88 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "8458305_MESH:D005947_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 120, 127 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "8458305_MESH:D005947_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 508, 515 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "8458305_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 535, 543 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8458305_MESH:D005947_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 640, 647 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "8458305_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 747, 754 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2869056_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Survival of Bordetella pertussis in transport media." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 52 ] ] }, { "id": "2869056_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 53 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34845223_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Growth of lithium-indium dendrites in all-solid-state lithium-based batteries with sulfide electrolytes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 104 ] ] }, { "id": "34845223_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "All-solid-state lithium-based batteries with inorganic solid electrolytes are considered a viable option for electrochemical energy storage applications. However, the application of lithium metal is hindered by issues associated with the growth of mossy and dendritic Li morphologies upon prolonged cell cycling and undesired reactions at the electrode/solid electrolyte interface. In this context, alloy materials such as lithium-indium (Li-In) alloys are widely used at the laboratory scale because of their (electro)chemical stability, although no in-depth investigations on their morphological stability have been reported yet. In this work, we report the growth of Li-In dendritic structures when the alloy material is used in combination with a Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte and Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 positive electrode active material and cycled at high currents (e.g., 3.8 mA cm-2) and high cathode loading (e.g., 4 mAh cm-2). Via ex situ measurements and simulations, we demonstrate that the irregular growth of Li-In dendrites leads to cell short circuits after room-temperature long-term cycling. Furthermore, the difference between Li and Li-In dendrites is investigated and discussed to demonstrate the distinct type of dendrite morphology." ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 1355 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34845223_MESH:D008094_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lithium" ], "offsets": [ [ 10, 17 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008094" } ] }, { "id": "34845223_MESH:D007204_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "indium" ], "offsets": [ [ 18, 24 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007204" } ] }, { "id": "34845223_MESH:D008094_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lithium" ], "offsets": [ [ 54, 61 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008094" } ] }, { "id": "34845223_MESH:D013440_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sulfide" ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 90 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013440" } ] }, { "id": "34845223_MESH:D008094_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lithium" ], "offsets": [ [ 121, 128 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008094" } ] }, { "id": "34845223_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lithium metal" ], "offsets": [ [ 287, 300 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "34845223_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lithium-indium" ], "offsets": [ [ 528, 542 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "34845223_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Li-In" ], "offsets": [ [ 544, 549 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "34845223_-_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Li6PS5Cl" ], "offsets": [ [ 856, 864 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "34845223_MESH:D010100_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "O2" ], "offsets": [ [ 906, 908 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22025290_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A favorable, narrow, delta(h) Hansen-parameter domain for gelation of low-molecular-weight amino acid derivatives." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 114 ] ] }, { "id": "22025290_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In recent years, the design of new low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) has attracted considerable attention because of the interesting supramolecular architectures as well as industrial applications. In this context, the role of the organic solvent in determining the organogelation behavior is a central question. Herein we report the results of a systematic study of the organogelation behavior of amino acid derivatives in a wide range of solvents to establish a relationship between the nature of the solvent and the formation of the gel. We highlight that the majority of the gelified solvents are aromatic, except for carbon tetrachloride and tetrachloroethylene. In addition, different parameters related to the nature of the solvent were considered and their influence on the physical properties of gelation was evaluated. The hydrogen-bonding Hansen parameter (delta(h)) allows us to draw a narrow favorable delta(h) domain for gelation in the range of 0.2-1.4 (cal cm(-3))(1/2). Furthermore, a general increase of the Hildebrand parameter (delta) leads to the formation of poor gels (small gelation numbers, GNs) in aromatic solvents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the gels prepared from (l)-phenylalanine and (l)-leucine derivatives in different solvents are composed of an entangled 3D fibrillar network, the diameter of which is only slightly influenced by the nature of the solvent." ], "offsets": [ [ 115, 1532 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22025290_MESH:D002251_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "carbon tetrachloride" ], "offsets": [ [ 741, 761 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002251" } ] }, { "id": "22025290_MESH:D013750_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tetrachloroethylene" ], "offsets": [ [ 766, 785 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013750" } ] }, { "id": "22025290_MESH:D006859_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 952, 960 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006859" } ] }, { "id": "22025290_MESH:D010649_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "(l)-phenylalanine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1334, 1351 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010649" } ] }, { "id": "22025290_MESH:D007930_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "leucine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1360, 1367 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007930" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20310335_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Editorial." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 10 ] ] }, { "id": "20310335_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 11 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6186527_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Characterisation of brain D2 dopamine receptors solubilised by lysophosphatidylcholine." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 87 ] ] }, { "id": "6186527_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Brain D2 dopamine receptors have been solubilised using lysophosphatidylcholine. The inclusion of proteinase inhibitors during solubilisation enables a preparation to be obtained containing a high proportion of solubilised D2 receptors with pharmacological properties similar to those of membrane-bound D2 receptors." ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 404 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6186527_MESH:D004298_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dopamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 29, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004298" } ] }, { "id": "6186527_MESH:D008244_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lysophosphatidylcholine" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 86 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008244" } ] }, { "id": "6186527_MESH:D004298_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dopamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 105 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004298" } ] }, { "id": "6186527_MESH:D008244_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lysophosphatidylcholine" ], "offsets": [ [ 144, 167 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008244" } ] }, { "id": "6186527_100775105_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "proteinase" ], "offsets": [ [ 186, 196 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "100775105" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21665601_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The evolution of anther morphology in orchids: incumbent anthers, superposed pollinia, and the vandoid complex." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 111 ] ] }, { "id": "21665601_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The anther is the source of several of the principal characters traditionally used for classification in Orchidaceae, especially in Epidendroideae. In particular, anther and pollinium orientation are important, but little-studied characters; it is not known whether various instances of these states are achieved in the same way. We examined variation in anther and pollinium orientation in Epidendroideae and Vanilloideae using anatomical sections of columns at successive ontogenetic stages and related the observed changes to the final anther morphology to reexamine our homology hypotheses for these characters. Anther bending in vanilloids is achieved primarily by massive expansion of the connective. In nonvandoid epidendroids it is the result of column elongation and tipping of the mature anther, while in vandoids it is due to a redirection of growth in very early ontogenetic stages. Superposed pollinia result from a reorientation of developing thecae; those is Sobralia result from incurving of the thecae, while vandoids have thecae that are directed outward (latrorse). Contrasting ontogenetic and phylogenetic patterns suggest heterochronic changes in these characters, especially in vandoids. These observations allow us to further refine character states that are crucial to our understanding of orchid relationships." ], "offsets": [ [ 112, 1447 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21665601_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "vandoid" ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "21665601_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "vandoids" ], "offsets": [ [ 1312, 1320 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11102863_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Synthetically modified DNAs as substrates for polymerases." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 58 ] ] }, { "id": "11102863_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "DNA polymerase enzymes process their natural substrates with very high specificity. Yet recent experiments have shown that these enzymes can also process DNA in which the backbone or bases are modified to a surprising degree. Such experiments have important implications in understanding the mechanisms of DNA replication, and suggest important biotechnological uses as well." ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 434 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11081088_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Legalising assistance with dying in South Africa." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "id": "11081088_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 50 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20646489_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Clinical characteristics and treatment analysis of primary breast lymphoma: 49 cases report]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 94 ] ] }, { "id": "20646489_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To explore the morbidity, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, metastasis, treatment and prognosis of primary breast lymphoma (PBL). METHODS: From January 1960 to August 2007, 49 cases with PBL were treated among 22811 cases of breast malignancy and 7337 cases of malignant lymphoma. The clinical data of these 49 patients, included gender, age, pathologic type, breast X ray and B ultrasound examination results, involved lymph nodes and organs, treatment, survival time, were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: From 1960 to 2007, the incidence rate of PBL in Tianjin Municipality was 59/10 millions; in details, the incidence rate of PBL for every 10 years was 2/10 millions, 3/10 millions, 0, 13/10 millions and 32/10 millions, respectively. According to circle graph of age, PBL occurred frequently in female aged 30 to 59 years. Most of this group of PBL was non-Hodgkin lymphoma (48 cases). No typical characteristics was found with the examination of breast X ray, B ultrasound and frozen section pathology. Bone marrow (9 cases), lung (7 cases), meninges (4 cases) and ovary (4 cases) were frequently involved organs. The overall 5-year survival rate was 6.1% for the group. The prognosis in patients with radical mastectomy combined chemotherapy was much better than that in patient received super to local mastectomy plus chemotherapy or simple tumor resection plus chemotherapy (5-year survival rates were 21.4%, 0, 0, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: PBL is a kind of rare lymphoma with incidence increasing sharply in the past few decades. The clinical manifestation is atypical. Diagnosis of PBL should adopt histological examination. Radical mastectomy combined chemotherapy could bring better prognosis, but the prognosis is still poor." ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 1853 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "primary breast lymphoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "primary breast lymphoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 208, 231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PBL" ], "offsets": [ [ 233, 236 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PBL" ], "offsets": [ [ 296, 299 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 334, 351 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D008223_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant lymphoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 370, 388 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008223" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 420, 428 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PBL" ], "offsets": [ [ 660, 663 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PBL" ], "offsets": [ [ 742, 745 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PBL" ], "offsets": [ [ 885, 888 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PBL" ], "offsets": [ [ 962, 965 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D008228_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "non-Hodgkin lymphoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 970, 990 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008228" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D010051_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ovary" ], "offsets": [ [ 1183, 1188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010051" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1306, 1314 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1390, 1397 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D009369_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1461, 1466 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PBL" ], "offsets": [ [ 1564, 1567 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D008223_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lymphoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1586, 1594 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008223" } ] }, { "id": "20646489_MESH:D001943_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PBL" ], "offsets": [ [ 1707, 1710 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18416077_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Forty cases of gastrointestinal neurosis treated by acupunture." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 63 ] ] }, { "id": "18416077_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To compare the therapeutic effect of acupuncture for gastrointestinal neurosis with that of oral remedy. METHODS: Eighty cases were randomly divided into the following 2 groups. In the treatment group, acupuncture was given for one month at the main points of Zhongwan (CV 12), Zusanli (ST 36), Taichong (LR 3) and Shenmen (HT 7), with the auxiliary points selected according to TCM differentiation. In the control group, Domperidone was orally administered for one month. RESULTS: The total effective rate was 92.5% in the treatment group and 75.0% in the control group, with a significant difference between the 2 groups (chi2 = 4.423, P < 0.05). Acupuncture was superior to the oral remedy in therapeutic effects. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture may show better results for gastrointestinal neurosis and with less toxic side effects." ], "offsets": [ [ 64, 904 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18416077_MESH:D005767_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal neurosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 15, 40 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005767" } ] }, { "id": "18416077_MESH:D005767_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal neurosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 128, 153 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005767" } ] }, { "id": "18416077_4041_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "LR 3" ], "offsets": [ [ 380, 384 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "4041" } ] }, { "id": "18416077_MESH:D004294_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Domperidone" ], "offsets": [ [ 497, 508 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004294" } ] }, { "id": "18416077_MESH:D005767_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal neurosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 845, 870 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005767" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32653036_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Transitions in adolescent boys and young Men's high-risk sexual behaviour in India." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "32653036_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: The sexual behaviour of adolescents is of importance due to the engagement in risky sexual activity at a too early age, which may be associated with the adverse outcomes. The study aims to understand the transitions in adolescent boys and young men's high-risk sexual behaviour in India using two rounds of Indian demographic health survey, NFHS-3 (2005-06) and NFHS-4 (2015-16). METHODS: A total of 25,538 in NFHS-3 (2005-06) and 35,112 in NFHS-4 (2015-16) men were considered for the analysis. Men have been divided into two age groups as 15-19 years (adolescent) and 20-24 (young men) for comparison purposes. Descriptive and multivariate statistics have been used. RESULTS: Overall, high-risk sexual behaviour has increased among adolescent boys (64 to 70%) and young men (18 to 27%) from 2005-06 to 2015-16. The trend of live-in relationship has increased among adolescent boys of rural areas (0.6 to 6.0%) as well as in urban areas (3.1 to 10.9%) over the last 10 years. Adolescent boys having 10th and above years of schooling (AOR = 1.98; p < 0.01), residing in urban areas (AOR = 2.23; p < 0.01), and belonging to the affluent class of households (AOR = 1.41; p < 0.05) were more likely to engage in high-risk sexual activity than the young men in India. The odds of high-risk sexual behaviour was higher among alcohol-using adolescent boys (AOR = 1.82; p < 0.01) and young men (AOR = 2.38; p < 0.01) in 2015-16. CONCLUSIONS: The study concludes that early sexual debut, lower prevalence of condom use at first sexual experience, tendency of live-in-relationship, and alcohol consumption indicate the hazardous interconnection between such behaviours among adolescent boys over the last decade which placed them at higher-risky sexual behaviour as compared to young men. Adolescent' sexual behaviours have both short-term and long-term consequences, and interventions that focus on multiple domains of risk may be the most effective in helping to promote broad reproductive health among young adults." ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 2105 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32653036_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 26, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Men" ], "offsets": [ [ 41, 44 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 326, 330 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 341, 344 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 554, 557 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Men" ], "offsets": [ [ 592, 595 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 679, 682 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 841, 845 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 868, 871 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 978 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 1084, 1088 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 1346, 1349 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_MESH:D000438_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1416, 1423 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 1441, 1445 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 1479, 1482 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_MESH:D000438_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1673, 1680 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 1773, 1777 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32653036_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 1871, 1874 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34363075_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Prevalence of Familial Mediterranean Fever in Children with Cryptogenic Cirrhosis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 82 ] ] }, { "id": "34363075_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory disease characterized by abdominal and chest pain and recurrent fever due to inflammation in the serosal membranes such as peritoneum, pleura and synovia. In FMF, recurrent inflammatory cytokine production may lead to cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of FMF in children with cryptogenic cirrhosis and it was found to be high, to add FMF among the etiological causes of cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study conducted at the Hospital of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey. In this study, 44 patients diagnosed with cryptogenic cirrhosis by biopsy, in the Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Clinic, were included, after the other reasons that may cause chronic liver disease were excluded. MEVF gene analysis was performed for all patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis. RESULTS: FMF genetic mutation was detected in 9 (20%) of 44 patients. M694V mutation was detected in one patient (2.27%) and E148Q homozygous mutation was detected in one patient (2.27%). Various other heterozygous mutations were detected in seven other patients. Homozygous and heterozygous R202Q mutations were detected in one patient. CONCLUSION: We suggest that FMF plays a role in the etiologic differential diagnosis of cryptogenic cirrhosis." ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 1442 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34363075_MESH:D010505_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Familial Mediterranean Fever" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 42 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010505" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Children" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D005355_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Cirrhosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 81 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D010505_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Familial Mediterranean fever" ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 123 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010505" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D010505_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "FMF" ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 128 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010505" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D056660_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "autoinflammatory disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 136, 160 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056660" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D002637_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chest pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 192, 202 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002637" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D005334_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fever" ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005334" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D007249_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 230, 242 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D010505_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "FMF" ], "offsets": [ [ 311, 314 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010505" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D005355_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cirrhosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 371, 380 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D010505_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "FMF" ], "offsets": [ [ 439, 442 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010505" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 446, 454 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D005355_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cirrhosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 472, 481 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D010505_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "FMF" ], "offsets": [ [ 518, 521 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010505" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D005355_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cirrhosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 554, 563 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9103_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Turkey" ], "offsets": [ [ 674, 680 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9103" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 708 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D005355_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cirrhosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 736, 745 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D058625_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic liver disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 879, 900 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058625" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9606_20", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 957, 965 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D005355_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cirrhosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 983, 992 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D010505_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "FMF" ], "offsets": [ [ 1003, 1006 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010505" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9606_23", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1054, 1062 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_tmVar:p|SUB|M|694|V;HGVS:p.M694V;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:4210;RS#:61752717;CA#:280091_24", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "M694V" ], "offsets": [ [ 1064, 1069 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|M|694|V;HGVS:p.M694V;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:4210;RS#:61752717;CA#:280091" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9606_25", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1099, 1106 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_tmVar:p|SUB|E|148|Q;HGVS:p.E148Q;VariantGroup:2;CorrespondingGene:4210;RS#:3743930;CA#:280097_26", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "E148Q" ], "offsets": [ [ 1119, 1124 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|E|148|Q;HGVS:p.E148Q;VariantGroup:2;CorrespondingGene:4210;RS#:3743930;CA#:280097" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9606_27", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1165, 1172 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9606_28", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1248, 1256 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_tmVar:p|SUB|R|202|Q;HGVS:p.R202Q;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:4210;RS#:224222;CA#:201521_29", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "R202Q" ], "offsets": [ [ 1286, 1291 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|R|202|Q;HGVS:p.R202Q;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:4210;RS#:224222;CA#:201521" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_9606_30", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1323, 1330 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:D010505_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "FMF" ], "offsets": [ [ 1360, 1363 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010505" } ] }, { "id": "34363075_MESH:C562577_32", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cryptogenic cirrhosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1420, 1441 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C562577" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18924043_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Risk factors and prevention of incisional hernia--what is evidence-based?]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 76 ] ] }, { "id": "18924043_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Incisional hernia is a late complication of laparotomy for which an evidence-based prohylactic approach is still lacking. Postoperatively, incisional hernias occur because of multiple factors. Preoperative comorbidities belong to these risk factors. A risk reduction related to concomitant diseases mostly does not succeed. There is a range of studies comparing the techniques of surgical wound closure. A consensus of these is that a running suture of the fascia with slowly absorbable or non-absorbable sutures results in the lowest incidence of incisional hernias. A one-cm distance between the stitches and a minimal distance of one cm to the fascial margin as well as a 4:1 suture length to wound length ratio are still valid principles. In any case, solely optimising the surgical technique of the abdominal wall closure is not able to reduce the incidence of incisional hernias. Prevention of postoperative complications by adequate pain management, respiratory training and early mobilisation are procedures to reduce the incidence of incisional hernias. However, systematic studies are lacking. To avoid an incisional hernia, only a practical approach remains which, however, does not meet the requirements of evidence-based medicine." ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 1320 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18924043_MESH:D006547_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hernia" ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006547" } ] }, { "id": "18924043_MESH:D006547_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hernia" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006547" } ] }, { "id": "18924043_MESH:D006547_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hernias" ], "offsets": [ [ 227, 234 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006547" } ] }, { "id": "18924043_MESH:D006547_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hernias" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 643 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006547" } ] }, { "id": "18924043_MESH:D006547_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hernias" ], "offsets": [ [ 954, 961 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006547" } ] }, { "id": "18924043_MESH:D010146_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 1017, 1021 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "18924043_MESH:D006547_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hernias" ], "offsets": [ [ 1131, 1138 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006547" } ] }, { "id": "18924043_MESH:D006547_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hernia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1204, 1210 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006547" } ] } ]

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