Datasets:
sigil-ml
/
PreTokenizedWikiEn

Dataset card Viewer Files Community
1
id
stringlengths
2
8
url
stringlengths
31
300
title
stringlengths
1
208
text
stringlengths
1
252k
tokens
sequencelengths
1
79.5k
ids
sequencelengths
1
79.5k
attention_mask
sequencelengths
1
79.5k
51273256
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz%20Gurlitt
Fritz Gurlitt
Friedrich "Fritz" Gurlitt (3 October 1854 – 8 February 1893), originally from Vienna, was a Berlin based art dealer and collector, specialising, in particular, in contemporary art. After his early death the art gallery he had established in central Berlin was taken on by his son, the dealer Wolfgang Gurlitt (1888-1965). Life Friedrich Louis Moritz Anton Gurlitt was born in Vienna. His father, Louis Gurlitt 1812–1897, was a well regarded landscape artist. The Gurlitts were among the leading families in the nineteenth century arts establishment in the German speaking world, which provided Friedrich with a relatively trouble free admission ticket to the arts community. Friedrich's mother, born Elisabeth Lewald, was of Jewish provenance, which became politically significant only many years later, after a government came to power in Germany that was keen to convert visceral racism into a defining underpinning of government policy. In 1880 he founded the "Fritz Gurlitt Gallery" in Berlin. The gallery was located at Behrenstraße 29 (29 Behren Street), and specialised in contemporary art. Differences have arisen over the correct name of the business, which is identified sometimes as a "gallery" ("Galerie"), sometimes as an "art dealership" ("Kunsthandlung") and sometimes as an "art salon" ("Kunst-Salon"). Artists whom he backed included Arnold Böcklin and Anselm Feuerbach. In 1886, he was mandated to take charge of the "Jubilee Exhibition", described as the "first international art exhibition in Berlin". The well-regarded novelist Theodor Fontane probably owed much of his knowledge of Böcklin to Fritz Gurlitt. Other artists who in large measure owed their reputations to the Gurlitt Gallery include Wilhelm Leibl, Hans Thoma, Max Liebermann, Lesser Ury, Franz Skarbina and Clara Siewert. Fritz Gurlitt died suddenly on 8 February 1893 as a result of the syphilis from which he suffered. In the immediate term, the Fritz Gurlitt Gallery was relocated to an address in the "Leipzigerstrasse" ("Leipzig Street"), but in other respects continued to operate as before, apparently under the direction of Carl Steinbart, an art collector and banker who had been a friend of Gurlitt's. In 1907, when Wolfgang Gurlitt, the elder son of Fritz, reached the age of 19, he took on the gallery which retained its focus on contemporary art: there are suggestions that Wolfgang was more commercially astute than his father had been. In the end the gallery closed down, during the Second World War, in 1942. Family Fritz Gurlitt married Annarella Imhoff (1858–1935) in 1881. Her father was the Swiss sculptor Heinrich Max Imhof, who had by this time lived in Rome, ostensibly on account of his health, for many years. Fritz and Annarella married in Rome. Contemporary sources indicate that the marriage resulted in four recorded children as follows: Angelina (1882–1962) who married Sigmund von Weech Margarete (1885–?) Wolfgang (1888–1965) art dealer Manfred (1890–1972) composer, especially of operas, and orchestral conductor After the Nazis took power people were persuaded to investigate their ancestry and "demonstrate" that none of their four grandparents were Jewish. This was particularly important for anyone with a job in public service and / or a high-profile public position. Manfred Gurlitt had a high profile as an opera conductor whose performances were frequently broadcast on national radio. He joined the Nazi Party on 1 May 1933. On 4 May 1937 his party membership was nullified on account of his Jewish provenance, presumably on account of his paternal grandmother, Elisabeth Leward/Gurlitt. Information on his Nazi Party connections during the intervening four year is incomplete, but a number of sources from the period indicate that his father was not Fritz Gurlitt but his mother's lover, Willi Waldecker. The idea was not totally preposterous, since Manfred was only 3 when his father died, and his mother did subsequently marry Willi Waldecker. Towards the end of the 1930s Manfred Gurlitt relocated to Japan where he enjoyed a career based in Tokyo as a conductor of western music. References Businesspeople from Vienna Businesspeople from Berlin German art dealers Fritz 1854 births 1893 deaths Emigrants from Austria-Hungary
[ "Fr", "ied", "rich", "\"", "F", "rit", "z", "\"", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "(", "3", "October", "185", "4", "–", "8", "February", "189", "3", "),", "originally", "from", "Vi", "enna", ",", "was", "a", "Berlin", "based", "art", "deal", "er", "and", "colle", "ctor", ",", "special", "ising", ",", "in", "particular", ",", "in", "contemporary", "art", ".", "After", "his", "early", "death", "the", "art", "gall", "ery", "he", "had", "established", "in", "central", "Berlin", "was", "taken", "on", "by", "his", "son", ",", "the", "deal", "er", "W", "olf", "g", "ang", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "(", "188", "8", "-", "1965", ").", "Life", "Fr", "ied", "rich", "Louis", "Mor", "itz", "Anton", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "was", "born", "in", "Vi", "enna", ".", "His", "father", ",", "Louis", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "18", "12", "–", "189", "7", ",", "was", "a", "well", "regard", "ed", "land", "sc", "ape", "artist", ".", "The", "G", "ur", "l", "it", "ts", "were", "among", "the", "leading", "families", "in", "the", "n", "inet", "een", "th", "century", "arts", "establish", "ment", "in", "the", "German", "spe", "aking", "world", ",", "which", "provided", "Fr", "ied", "rich", "with", "a", "rel", "atively", "tr", "ou", "ble", "free", "ad", "mission", "t", "icket", "to", "the", "arts", "community", ".", "Fr", "ied", "rich", "'", "s", "mother", ",", "born", "El", "is", "abeth", "Lew", "ald", ",", "was", "of", "Jewish", "prov", "en", "ance", ",", "which", "became", "polit", "ically", "significant", "only", "many", "years", "later", ",", "after", "a", "government", "came", "to", "power", "in", "Germany", "that", "was", "ke", "en", "to", "con", "vert", "vis", "cer", "al", "rac", "ism", "into", "a", "defin", "ing", "under", "p", "inning", "of", "government", "policy", ".", "In", "188", "0", "he", "founded", "the", "\"", "F", "rit", "z", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "Gallery", "\"", "in", "Berlin", ".", "The", "gall", "ery", "was", "located", "at", "Be", "h", "ren", "stra", "ß", "e", "29", "(", "29", "Be", "h", "ren", "Street", "),", "and", "special", "ised", "in", "contemporary", "art", ".", "D", "if", "ferences", "have", "ar", "is", "en", "over", "the", "cor", "rect", "name", "of", "the", "business", ",", "which", "is", "identified", "sometimes", "as", "a", "\"", "gall", "ery", "\"", "(\"", "Gal", "er", "ie", "\"", "),", "sometimes", "as", "an", "\"", "art", "deal", "ership", "\"", "(\"", "K", "un", "s", "th", "and", "l", "ung", "\")", "and", "sometimes", "as", "an", "\"", "art", "sal", "on", "\"", "(\"", "K", "un", "st", "-", "Sal", "on", "\"", ").", "Art", "ists", "whom", "he", "back", "ed", "included", "Ar", "n", "old", "B", "ö", "ck", "lin", "and", "An", "sel", "m", "Fe", "u", "er", "b", "ach", ".", "In", "188", "6", ",", "he", "was", "mand", "ated", "to", "take", "charge", "of", "the", "\"", "J", "ub", "ile", "e", "Ex", "hib", "ition", "\",", "described", "as", "the", "\"", "first", "international", "art", "exhib", "ition", "in", "Berlin", "\".", "The", "well", "-", "regard", "ed", "novel", "ist", "The", "od", "or", "F", "ont", "ane", "probably", "ow", "ed", "much", "of", "his", "knowledge", "of", "B", "ö", "ck", "lin", "to", "F", "rit", "z", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", ".", "Other", "artists", "who", "in", "large", "meas", "ure", "ow", "ed", "their", "re", "put", "ations", "to", "the", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "Gallery", "include", "Wil", "hel", "m", "Le", "ibl", ",", "Hans", "Thom", "a", ",", "Max", "Lie", "ber", "mann", ",", "L", "ess", "er", "U", "ry", ",", "Fran", "z", "Sk", "ar", "b", "ina", "and", "Cl", "ara", "S", "iew", "ert", ".", "F", "rit", "z", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "died", "su", "d", "den", "ly", "on", "8", "February", "189", "3", "as", "a", "result", "of", "the", "sy", "phil", "is", "from", "which", "he", "suffered", ".", "In", "the", "immedi", "ate", "term", ",", "the", "F", "rit", "z", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "Gallery", "was", "re", "located", "to", "an", "address", "in", "the", "\"", "Le", "ip", "z", "iger", "str", "as", "se", "\"", "(\"", "Le", "ip", "z", "ig", "Street", "\"", "),", "but", "in", "other", "respect", "s", "continued", "to", "oper", "ate", "as", "before", ",", "appar", "ently", "under", "the", "direction", "of", "Carl", "Ste", "in", "b", "art", ",", "an", "art", "colle", "ctor", "and", "bank", "er", "who", "had", "been", "a", "friend", "of", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "'", "s", ".", "In", "190", "7", ",", "when", "W", "olf", "g", "ang", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", ",", "the", "el", "der", "son", "of", "F", "rit", "z", ",", "reached", "the", "age", "of", "19", ",", "he", "took", "on", "the", "gall", "ery", "which", "re", "tained", "its", "focus", "on", "contemporary", "art", ":", "there", "are", "sugg", "est", "ions", "that", "W", "olf", "g", "ang", "was", "more", "com", "merc", "ially", "ast", "ute", "than", "his", "father", "had", "been", ".", "In", "the", "end", "the", "gall", "ery", "closed", "down", ",", "during", "the", "Second", "World", "War", ",", "in", "1942", ".", "Family", "F", "rit", "z", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "married", "Ann", "ar", "ella", "Im", "h", "off", "(", "185", "8", "–", "1935", ")", "in", "188", "1", ".", "Her", "father", "was", "the", "Swiss", "sculpt", "or", "He", "in", "rich", "Max", "Im", "h", "of", ",", "who", "had", "by", "this", "time", "lived", "in", "Rome", ",", "ost", "ens", "ibly", "on", "account", "of", "his", "health", ",", "for", "many", "years", ".", "F", "rit", "z", "and", "Ann", "ar", "ella", "married", "in", "Rome", ".", "Con", "temporary", "sources", "indic", "ate", "that", "the", "marriage", "resulted", "in", "four", "recorded", "children", "as", "follows", ":", "Angel", "ina", "(", "188", "2", "–", "1962", ")", "who", "married", "S", "ig", "m", "und", "von", "We", "ech", "Mar", "gar", "et", "e", "(", "188", "5", "–", "?", ")", "W", "olf", "g", "ang", "(", "188", "8", "–", "1965", ")", "art", "deal", "er", "Man", "fred", "(", "189", "0", "–", "1972", ")", "composer", ",", "especially", "of", "oper", "as", ",", "and", "or", "chest", "ral", "condu", "ctor", "After", "the", "Naz", "is", "took", "power", "people", "were", "pers", "u", "ad", "ed", "to", "investig", "ate", "their", "anc", "est", "ry", "and", "\"", "demonstr", "ate", "\"", "that", "n", "one", "of", "their", "four", "grand", "parents", "were", "Jewish", ".", "This", "was", "particularly", "important", "for", "any", "one", "with", "a", "job", "in", "public", "service", "and", "/", "or", "a", "high", "-", "prof", "ile", "public", "position", ".", "Man", "fred", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "had", "a", "high", "prof", "ile", "as", "an", "oper", "a", "condu", "ctor", "whose", "performances", "were", "frequ", "ently", "broadcast", "on", "national", "radio", ".", "He", "joined", "the", "Naz", "i", "Party", "on", "1", "May", "1933", ".", "On", "4", "May", "1937", "his", "party", "members", "hip", "was", "n", "ull", "ified", "on", "account", "of", "his", "Jewish", "prov", "en", "ance", ",", "pres", "um", "ably", "on", "account", "of", "his", "p", "ater", "n", "al", "grand", "mother", ",", "El", "is", "abeth", "Lew", "ard", "/", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", ".", "In", "formation", "on", "his", "Naz", "i", "Party", "conne", "ctions", "during", "the", "inter", "ven", "ing", "four", "year", "is", "in", "complete", ",", "but", "a", "number", "of", "sources", "from", "the", "period", "indic", "ate", "that", "his", "father", "was", "not", "F", "rit", "z", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "but", "his", "mother", "'", "s", "l", "over", ",", "Will", "i", "Wal", "de", "ck", "er", ".", "The", "idea", "was", "not", "to", "t", "ally", "pre", "post", "erous", ",", "since", "Man", "fred", "was", "only", "3", "when", "his", "father", "died", ",", "and", "his", "mother", "did", "subsequently", "marr", "y", "Will", "i", "Wal", "de", "ck", "er", ".", "T", "ow", "ards", "the", "end", "of", "the", "193", "0s", "Man", "fred", "G", "ur", "l", "itt", "re", "located", "to", "Japan", "where", "he", "en", "joy", "ed", "a", "career", "based", "in", "Tokyo", "as", "a", "condu", "ctor", "of", "western", "music", ".", "References", "Business", "people", "from", "Vi", "enna", "Business", "people", "from", "Berlin", "German", "art", "deal", "ers", "F", "rit", "z", "185", "4", "births", "189", "3", "deaths", "Em", "igrants", "from", "Austria", "-", "Hung", "ary" ]
[ 24974, 24837, 27242, 6, 42, 24773, 94, 6, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 12, 23, 25336, 26186, 24, 4992, 28, 25500, 25529, 23, 24758, 26985, 24672, 28164, 29454, 16, 24625, 69, 28248, 25413, 24673, 27289, 24582, 24596, 29375, 25158, 16, 26318, 26388, 16, 24581, 26738, 16, 24581, 29596, 24673, 18, 25302, 24684, 25551, 25303, 24585, 24673, 29716, 25527, 24607, 24798, 25572, 24581, 27016, 28248, 24625, 26846, 24584, 24647, 24684, 24951, 16, 24585, 27289, 24582, 59, 26982, 75, 24822, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 12, 25668, 28, 17, 27495, 24874, 26933, 24974, 24837, 27242, 26584, 26036, 26503, 28219, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 24625, 25049, 24581, 28164, 29454, 18, 25496, 25919, 16, 26584, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 24722, 25074, 4992, 25529, 27, 16, 24625, 69, 25173, 27626, 24588, 24775, 24876, 26784, 26719, 18, 24627, 43, 24615, 80, 24598, 24704, 24747, 26134, 24585, 27000, 27280, 24581, 24585, 82, 27900, 25070, 24580, 25087, 26706, 25960, 24718, 24581, 24585, 25583, 24947, 25540, 25750, 16, 24763, 27380, 24974, 24837, 27242, 24651, 69, 25050, 28705, 24664, 24603, 25644, 26716, 24614, 26723, 88, 27477, 24601, 24585, 26706, 26248, 18, 24974, 24837, 27242, 11, 87, 26554, 16, 25049, 25421, 24593, 28327, 28658, 26624, 16, 24625, 24595, 27536, 25086, 24587, 24985, 16, 24763, 25244, 25261, 25686, 27122, 25089, 25160, 25100, 25163, 16, 24942, 69, 25621, 26206, 24601, 25844, 24581, 26269, 24682, 24625, 24801, 24587, 24601, 24652, 27454, 25423, 25040, 24591, 26013, 25284, 25000, 69, 27347, 24599, 25016, 84, 26976, 24595, 25621, 28375, 18, 24657, 25668, 20, 24607, 26409, 24585, 6, 42, 24773, 94, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 28332, 6, 24581, 28248, 18, 24627, 29716, 25527, 24625, 25616, 24590, 25133, 76, 26183, 28867, 190, 73, 25633, 12, 25633, 25133, 76, 26183, 26235, 24758, 24596, 26318, 25719, 24581, 29596, 24673, 18, 40, 24692, 24827, 24920, 24592, 24593, 24587, 24752, 24585, 25779, 29470, 25364, 24595, 24585, 26045, 16, 24763, 24593, 29231, 27890, 24594, 69, 6, 29716, 25527, 6, 27398, 27759, 24582, 24716, 6, 24758, 27890, 24594, 24583, 6, 24673, 27289, 26689, 6, 27398, 47, 24631, 87, 24580, 24596, 80, 25566, 27687, 24596, 27890, 24594, 24583, 6, 24673, 27607, 24584, 6, 27398, 47, 24631, 24606, 17, 26200, 24584, 6, 24874, 25680, 25006, 27810, 24607, 25152, 24588, 25922, 24780, 82, 24867, 38, 213, 25188, 24823, 24596, 24800, 26994, 81, 25300, 89, 24582, 70, 24769, 18, 24657, 25668, 26, 16, 24607, 24625, 28761, 24712, 24601, 26294, 28766, 24595, 24585, 6, 46, 24733, 24890, 73, 24889, 26272, 24793, 25243, 25896, 24594, 24585, 6, 24818, 26101, 24673, 27388, 24793, 24581, 28248, 25157, 24627, 25173, 17, 27626, 24588, 26675, 24641, 24627, 24694, 24586, 42, 25349, 25713, 29484, 24639, 24588, 26302, 24595, 24684, 29859, 24595, 38, 213, 25188, 24823, 24601, 42, 24773, 94, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 18, 26594, 26940, 24831, 24581, 25926, 27429, 24794, 24639, 24588, 24862, 24600, 25837, 24833, 24601, 24585, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 28332, 25915, 26049, 25280, 81, 24843, 27488, 16, 29814, 26064, 69, 16, 28147, 28428, 24681, 27823, 16, 48, 24676, 24582, 57, 25064, 16, 25146, 94, 26529, 24592, 70, 25110, 24596, 25046, 25956, 55, 25235, 27465, 18, 42, 24773, 94, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 25727, 24701, 72, 25848, 24633, 24584, 28, 25500, 25529, 23, 24594, 69, 26242, 24595, 24585, 24984, 27638, 24593, 24672, 24763, 24607, 29589, 18, 24657, 24585, 28282, 24688, 26334, 16, 24585, 42, 24773, 94, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 28332, 24625, 24600, 25616, 24601, 24583, 28987, 24581, 24585, 6, 24843, 24696, 94, 27443, 24740, 24594, 24620, 6, 27398, 24843, 24696, 94, 24628, 26235, 6, 24758, 24835, 24581, 24858, 27228, 87, 26359, 24601, 25211, 24688, 24594, 25327, 16, 29830, 25576, 25016, 24585, 29114, 24595, 28622, 25550, 24581, 70, 24673, 16, 24583, 24673, 29375, 25158, 24596, 27237, 24582, 24831, 24798, 24948, 69, 26187, 24595, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 11, 87, 18, 24657, 25454, 27, 16, 25091, 59, 26982, 75, 24822, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 16, 24585, 24613, 24795, 24951, 24595, 42, 24773, 94, 16, 27375, 24585, 24754, 24595, 24617, 16, 24607, 25676, 24584, 24585, 29716, 25527, 24763, 24600, 27067, 24783, 29393, 24584, 29596, 24673, 30, 25201, 24686, 27203, 24655, 24921, 24682, 59, 26982, 75, 24822, 24625, 25060, 24665, 26953, 25577, 24745, 25412, 25208, 24684, 25919, 24798, 24948, 18, 24657, 24585, 24725, 24585, 29716, 25527, 27216, 25581, 16, 25104, 24585, 26832, 25166, 25209, 16, 24581, 27811, 18, 28179, 42, 24773, 94, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 26160, 27271, 24592, 26983, 26541, 76, 24894, 12, 26186, 28, 4992, 28606, 13, 24581, 25668, 21, 18, 25503, 25919, 24625, 24585, 29574, 28869, 24586, 24736, 24581, 27242, 28147, 26541, 76, 24595, 16, 24831, 24798, 24647, 24927, 24978, 27569, 24581, 28832, 16, 24764, 24845, 29575, 24584, 28983, 24595, 24684, 27001, 16, 24618, 25160, 25100, 18, 42, 24773, 94, 24596, 27271, 24592, 26983, 26160, 24581, 28832, 18, 24924, 29468, 29089, 27279, 24688, 24682, 24585, 28580, 29699, 24581, 25253, 26507, 25902, 24594, 29227, 30, 26565, 25110, 12, 25668, 22, 4992, 27693, 13, 24831, 26160, 55, 24628, 81, 25324, 27359, 25472, 28968, 24829, 26151, 24645, 73, 12, 25668, 25, 4992, 35, 13, 59, 26982, 75, 24822, 12, 25668, 28, 4992, 27495, 13, 24673, 27289, 24582, 25310, 29623, 12, 25529, 20, 4992, 27071, 13, 29199, 16, 27795, 24595, 25211, 24594, 16, 24596, 24586, 27625, 25542, 26857, 25158, 25302, 24585, 29027, 24593, 25676, 25844, 24941, 24747, 28100, 89, 24614, 24588, 24601, 27574, 24688, 24862, 25353, 24655, 25064, 24596, 6, 29109, 24688, 6, 24682, 82, 24748, 24595, 24862, 25253, 27254, 28224, 24747, 27536, 18, 25111, 24625, 28288, 26742, 24618, 24956, 24748, 24651, 69, 28325, 24581, 25242, 25993, 24596, 19, 24586, 69, 25153, 17, 25416, 24890, 25242, 25654, 18, 25310, 29623, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 24798, 69, 25153, 25416, 24890, 24594, 24583, 25211, 69, 26857, 25158, 27524, 29648, 24747, 27657, 25576, 27782, 24584, 25743, 26879, 18, 24736, 26203, 24585, 29027, 77, 25970, 24584, 21, 25176, 28752, 18, 24964, 24, 25176, 28476, 24684, 26460, 25622, 25830, 24625, 82, 26028, 25798, 24584, 28983, 24595, 24684, 27536, 25086, 24587, 24985, 16, 24925, 24656, 26729, 24584, 28983, 24595, 24684, 84, 24836, 82, 24591, 27254, 26554, 16, 25421, 24593, 28327, 28658, 24695, 19, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 18, 24657, 25976, 24584, 24684, 29027, 77, 25970, 26470, 25509, 25104, 24585, 25033, 25232, 24599, 25253, 24854, 24593, 24581, 27852, 16, 24835, 69, 25387, 24595, 29089, 24672, 24585, 26000, 27279, 24688, 24682, 24684, 25919, 24625, 24809, 42, 24773, 94, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 24835, 24684, 26554, 11, 87, 80, 24752, 16, 25428, 77, 26179, 24650, 25188, 24582, 18, 24627, 28661, 24625, 24809, 24601, 88, 24904, 24970, 25890, 27180, 16, 25570, 25310, 29623, 24625, 25089, 23, 25091, 24684, 25919, 25727, 16, 24596, 24684, 26554, 25671, 28307, 25715, 93, 25428, 77, 26179, 24650, 25188, 24582, 18, 56, 24639, 25598, 24585, 24725, 24595, 24585, 25081, 25219, 25310, 29623, 43, 24615, 80, 25456, 24600, 25616, 24601, 25514, 25072, 24607, 24587, 29368, 24588, 69, 25513, 25413, 24581, 29810, 24594, 69, 26857, 25158, 24595, 26958, 25331, 18, 24838, 28513, 24941, 24672, 28164, 29454, 28513, 24941, 24672, 28248, 25583, 24673, 27289, 24629, 42, 24773, 94, 26186, 24, 25393, 25529, 23, 25989, 25971, 29563, 24672, 29579, 17, 27533, 24713 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
24078460
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakefield%20High%20School
Pakefield High School
Pakefield High School is a co-educational secondary school located in Pakefield, a suburb of Lowestoft in the English county of Suffolk. The school opened in September 2011, initially with Years 7 and 8 only, using buildings which were previously Pakefield Middle School. The school became the first new state high school to be built in Suffolk for over 20 years as part of the reorganisation of schools in Lowestoft, a process which saw the closure of eight middle schools and a change from transfer to high school at age 13 to transfer at age 11. The school caters for around 900 students aged from 11 to 16 and cost £26.5 million to build. It was expected to open in September 2010, although this was delayed due to the discovery of Great Crested Newts on the school site. Perry Linsley, formerly head of Stradbroke Business and Enterprise College, was the school's first Headteacher. In January 2016 Linsley announced that he would be leaving the school at Easter 2016 to take up the position of Principal in a new school in Dubai. From September 2016 through to December 2020, Mr Anthony Walker took on the role of Headteacher, overseeing the school's transition to Academy status, before relocating to The Falkland Islands to work within the Senior Leadership Team of his new school. The current Acting Head of School is Mr Dan Bagshaw, who had previously undertaken the role of Senior Deputy Headteacher within the school. History Building took place on the site of the former Pakefield Middle School. The government Office of the Schools Adjudicator approved the reorganisation proposal with the recommendation that integrated plans be proposed for the entire site, including Pakefield Primary School. Building work on the site was delayed in May 2010 when great crested newts, a protected species, were discovered on the site. As a result, Year 9 pupils who were expected to transfer to the school in September 2011 were required to join to one of the other high schools in Lowestoft. Year 7 and 8 pupils used the Middle School buildings in 2011-2012 until the site was completed. Building work was expected to be complete by September 2012, although funding caused problems for the building project. There was local opposition to the plan to build at Pakefield. Concerns were raised over the size of the site and issues relating to traffic in the area as well as mixing of children from as young as 3 to 16 at the same location. Sites at either Elm Tree Middle School or Gisleham Middle School were proposed as alternatives. Previously a foundation school administered by Suffolk County Council, in April 2019 Pakefield High School converted to academy status. The school is now sponsored by the Clarion Academy Trust. References External links Pakefield School official website Secondary schools in Suffolk Academies in Suffolk 2011 establishments in England Educational institutions established in 2011
[ "P", "ake", "field", "High", "School", "is", "a", "co", "-", "educ", "ational", "secondary", "school", "located", "in", "P", "ake", "field", ",", "a", "sub", "ur", "b", "of", "L", "ow", "est", "oft", "in", "the", "English", "county", "of", "Su", "ff", "olk", ".", "The", "school", "opened", "in", "September", "2011", ",", "initially", "with", "Year", "s", "7", "and", "8", "only", ",", "using", "buildings", "which", "were", "previously", "P", "ake", "field", "Middle", "School", ".", "The", "school", "became", "the", "first", "new", "state", "high", "school", "to", "be", "built", "in", "Su", "ff", "olk", "for", "over", "20", "years", "as", "part", "of", "the", "re", "organ", "isation", "of", "schools", "in", "L", "ow", "est", "oft", ",", "a", "process", "which", "saw", "the", "clos", "ure", "of", "eight", "middle", "schools", "and", "a", "change", "from", "transfer", "to", "high", "school", "at", "age", "13", "to", "transfer", "at", "age", "11", ".", "The", "school", "c", "aters", "for", "around", "9", "00", "students", "aged", "from", "11", "to", "16", "and", "cost", "£", "26", ".", "5", "million", "to", "build", ".", "It", "was", "expected", "to", "open", "in", "September", "2010", ",", "although", "this", "was", "del", "ayed", "due", "to", "the", "dis", "covery", "of", "Great", "C", "rest", "ed", "New", "ts", "on", "the", "school", "site", ".", "Per", "ry", "L", "ins", "ley", ",", "formerly", "head", "of", "Str", "ad", "bro", "ke", "Business", "and", "Enter", "prise", "College", ",", "was", "the", "school", "'", "s", "first", "Head", "teacher", ".", "In", "January", "2016", "L", "ins", "ley", "announced", "that", "he", "would", "be", "leaving", "the", "school", "at", "E", "aster", "2016", "to", "take", "up", "the", "position", "of", "Princ", "ipal", "in", "a", "new", "school", "in", "Dub", "ai", ".", "From", "September", "2016", "through", "to", "December", "2020", ",", "Mr", "Anth", "ony", "Wal", "ker", "took", "on", "the", "role", "of", "Head", "teacher", ",", "over", "see", "ing", "the", "school", "'", "s", "trans", "ition", "to", "Academy", "status", ",", "before", "re", "loc", "ating", "to", "The", "Fal", "k", "land", "Islands", "to", "work", "within", "the", "Senior", "Lead", "ership", "Team", "of", "his", "new", "school", ".", "The", "current", "Act", "ing", "Head", "of", "School", "is", "Mr", "Dan", "B", "ag", "sh", "aw", ",", "who", "had", "previously", "under", "taken", "the", "role", "of", "Senior", "Deput", "y", "Head", "teacher", "within", "the", "school", ".", "History", "Build", "ing", "took", "place", "on", "the", "site", "of", "the", "former", "P", "ake", "field", "Middle", "School", ".", "The", "government", "Office", "of", "the", "School", "s", "Ad", "jud", "ic", "ator", "ap", "proved", "the", "re", "organ", "isation", "pro", "pos", "al", "with", "the", "recomm", "end", "ation", "that", "integr", "ated", "plans", "be", "proposed", "for", "the", "entire", "site", ",", "including", "P", "ake", "field", "Prim", "ary", "School", ".", "Build", "ing", "work", "on", "the", "site", "was", "del", "ayed", "in", "May", "2010", "when", "great", "cr", "ested", "new", "ts", ",", "a", "prote", "cted", "species", ",", "were", "discovered", "on", "the", "site", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "Year", "9", "p", "up", "ils", "who", "were", "expected", "to", "transfer", "to", "the", "school", "in", "September", "2011", "were", "required", "to", "join", "to", "one", "of", "the", "other", "high", "schools", "in", "L", "ow", "est", "oft", ".", "Year", "7", "and", "8", "p", "up", "ils", "used", "the", "Middle", "School", "buildings", "in", "2011", "-", "2012", "until", "the", "site", "was", "completed", ".", "Build", "ing", "work", "was", "expected", "to", "be", "complete", "by", "September", "2012", ",", "although", "fund", "ing", "caused", "problems", "for", "the", "building", "project", ".", "There", "was", "local", "op", "position", "to", "the", "plan", "to", "build", "at", "P", "ake", "field", ".", "Con", "cer", "ns", "were", "raised", "over", "the", "size", "of", "the", "site", "and", "issues", "rel", "ating", "to", "traff", "ic", "in", "the", "area", "as", "well", "as", "mix", "ing", "of", "children", "from", "as", "young", "as", "3", "to", "16", "at", "the", "same", "location", ".", "S", "ites", "at", "either", "El", "m", "T", "ree", "Middle", "School", "or", "G", "is", "le", "ham", "Middle", "School", "were", "proposed", "as", "altern", "atives", ".", "Pre", "vious", "ly", "a", "found", "ation", "school", "ad", "minister", "ed", "by", "Su", "ff", "olk", "County", "Council", ",", "in", "April", "2019", "P", "ake", "field", "High", "School", "conver", "ted", "to", "academ", "y", "status", ".", "The", "school", "is", "now", "spons", "ored", "by", "the", "Clar", "ion", "Academy", "Trust", ".", "References", "External", "links", "P", "ake", "field", "School", "official", "website", "Second", "ary", "schools", "in", "Su", "ff", "olk", "Academ", "ies", "in", "Su", "ff", "olk", "2011", "establishments", "in", "England", "Educ", "ational", "institutions", "established", "in", "2011" ]
[ 52, 25019, 25401, 25626, 25262, 24593, 69, 24869, 17, 25793, 24813, 29604, 25228, 25616, 24581, 52, 25019, 25401, 16, 69, 25097, 24615, 70, 24595, 48, 24639, 24655, 29303, 24581, 24585, 25407, 27717, 24595, 25689, 25078, 27114, 18, 24627, 25228, 26274, 24581, 25322, 25476, 16, 28075, 24651, 26099, 87, 27, 24596, 28, 25089, 16, 25916, 26800, 24763, 24747, 27408, 52, 25019, 25401, 27964, 25262, 18, 24627, 25228, 25244, 24585, 24818, 24983, 25338, 25153, 25228, 24601, 24636, 25679, 24581, 25689, 25078, 27114, 24618, 24752, 24623, 25100, 24594, 24791, 24595, 24585, 24600, 25337, 28182, 24595, 26799, 24581, 48, 24639, 24655, 29303, 16, 69, 26256, 24763, 26960, 24585, 26005, 24794, 24595, 26875, 28335, 26799, 24596, 69, 26298, 24672, 27129, 24601, 25153, 25228, 24590, 24754, 25143, 24601, 27129, 24590, 24754, 25267, 18, 24627, 25228, 71, 28185, 24618, 25787, 29, 24799, 26498, 26231, 24672, 25267, 24601, 25009, 24596, 26913, 130, 25552, 18, 25, 26016, 24601, 25323, 18, 24805, 24625, 29002, 24601, 25383, 24581, 25322, 25449, 16, 26893, 24927, 24625, 25977, 27882, 25769, 24601, 24585, 24913, 29140, 24595, 26604, 39, 25448, 24588, 24871, 24704, 24584, 24585, 25228, 25508, 18, 25768, 25064, 48, 25080, 25145, 16, 28598, 25342, 24595, 25963, 24614, 25693, 24801, 28513, 24596, 28287, 29848, 25665, 16, 24625, 24585, 25228, 11, 87, 24818, 27903, 29167, 18, 24657, 25352, 25600, 48, 25080, 25145, 26091, 24682, 24607, 25084, 24636, 28488, 24585, 25228, 24590, 41, 25666, 25600, 24601, 26294, 24772, 24585, 25654, 24595, 29787, 28829, 24581, 69, 24983, 25228, 24581, 28414, 25257, 18, 26228, 25322, 25600, 25172, 24601, 25422, 25642, 16, 27082, 28789, 25580, 26179, 27223, 25676, 24584, 24585, 26078, 24595, 27903, 29167, 16, 24752, 26068, 24599, 24585, 25228, 11, 87, 25207, 24793, 24601, 26646, 28259, 16, 25327, 24600, 24938, 25105, 24601, 24627, 29631, 79, 24775, 28438, 24601, 24918, 25880, 24585, 29869, 29142, 26689, 27003, 24595, 24684, 24983, 25228, 18, 24627, 26950, 25928, 24599, 27903, 24595, 25262, 24593, 27082, 26109, 38, 24638, 24690, 24766, 16, 24831, 24798, 27408, 25016, 26846, 24585, 26078, 24595, 29869, 29610, 93, 27903, 29167, 25880, 24585, 25228, 18, 25592, 27681, 24599, 25676, 25468, 24584, 24585, 25508, 24595, 24585, 25346, 52, 25019, 25401, 27964, 25262, 18, 24627, 25621, 28201, 24595, 24585, 25262, 87, 25266, 26867, 24597, 25517, 24654, 27260, 24585, 24600, 25337, 28182, 24685, 24936, 24591, 24651, 24585, 29839, 24725, 24626, 24682, 28555, 24712, 28809, 24636, 28578, 24618, 24585, 27239, 25508, 16, 25260, 52, 25019, 25401, 28669, 24713, 25262, 18, 27681, 24599, 24918, 24584, 24585, 25508, 24625, 25977, 27882, 24581, 25176, 25449, 25091, 26432, 24810, 26198, 24983, 24704, 16, 69, 26265, 24955, 25752, 16, 24747, 28822, 24584, 24585, 25508, 18, 24906, 69, 26242, 16, 26099, 29, 84, 24772, 28502, 24831, 24747, 29002, 24601, 27129, 24601, 24585, 25228, 24581, 25322, 25476, 24747, 27957, 24601, 27431, 24601, 24748, 24595, 24585, 24858, 25153, 26799, 24581, 48, 24639, 24655, 29303, 18, 26099, 27, 24596, 28, 84, 24772, 28502, 25030, 24585, 27964, 25262, 26800, 24581, 25476, 17, 25512, 25359, 24585, 25508, 24625, 26534, 18, 27681, 24599, 24918, 24625, 29002, 24601, 24636, 27852, 24647, 25322, 25512, 16, 26893, 26807, 24599, 28091, 28929, 24618, 24585, 25847, 26144, 18, 25650, 24625, 25763, 24644, 25654, 24601, 24585, 26874, 24601, 25323, 24590, 52, 25019, 25401, 18, 24924, 25040, 27692, 24747, 28316, 24752, 24585, 27321, 24595, 24585, 25508, 24596, 27697, 25050, 25105, 24601, 29195, 24597, 24581, 24585, 25450, 24594, 25173, 24594, 26945, 24599, 24595, 25902, 24672, 24594, 26181, 24594, 23, 24601, 25009, 24590, 24585, 25515, 27804, 18, 55, 27674, 24590, 27360, 25421, 81, 56, 24846, 27964, 25262, 24586, 43, 24593, 24604, 25484, 27964, 25262, 24747, 28578, 24594, 28246, 26834, 18, 27058, 25940, 24633, 69, 25096, 24626, 25228, 24614, 28021, 24588, 24647, 25689, 25078, 27114, 25239, 26176, 16, 24581, 25381, 25655, 52, 25019, 25401, 25626, 25262, 28949, 24826, 24601, 27640, 93, 28259, 18, 24627, 25228, 24593, 25426, 29502, 25839, 24647, 24585, 29474, 24602, 26646, 29860, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 52, 25019, 25401, 25262, 26550, 26658, 26832, 24713, 26799, 24581, 25689, 25078, 27114, 26140, 24675, 24581, 25689, 25078, 27114, 25476, 26712, 24581, 25921, 26568, 24813, 29551, 25572, 24581, 25476 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
50718463
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatjana%20Barbakoff
Tatjana Barbakoff
Tatjana Barbakoff (August 15, 1899 – February 6, 1944) born as Cilly Edelsberg was a ballet and Chinese style dancer. She became a ballerina in Germany. After her death, Julia Tardi-Markus, in order to honor Barbakoff, initiated the "Tatjana Barbakoff Prize" in 1986 to help to encourage young dancers. Early life Tatjana Barbakoff was born as Cilly Edelsberg in Hasenpoth, Courland Governorate, at the time a province of the Russian Empire, today in Latvia. She was the daughter of Aizik, a Russian born butcher and Genya, who had been born in China. She changed her name to Tsipora. The parents had two daughters named Cilly and Fani. Barbakoff had an older brother, and after the early death of his mother in 1903, her father remarried Haja-Sora Itskovitch, another stepsister in 1912. She attended ballet school up until ten years of age, but had no further dance training as a child. Life In 1918 she followed a German soldier, Georg Waldmann, who served in the Baltic states during World War I. It was during his military service duty, according to Germany, where she married him later. With her husband, who performed under the pseudonym Marcel Boissier as a guest emcee, she has performed Russian and Chinese dances. In 1921, she created solo performances in larger houses at home and abroad, where the costumes were usually designed for her, and described as plastic picturesque costumes. Some Jewish women were considered as cabaret leaders during this time period. Tatjana Barbakoff, of Russian-Jewish and Chinese heritage, was a cabaret icon and international dance sensation, known for her flamboyant costumes, legendary beauty, and sharp sense of humor. Since 1924, it was previously known that she had included Chinese dances alongside Russian dances and parodies in their program. Because of her attractive charisma, she became a public magnet, and a magnet for many artists including Rudolf Heinisch and Kasia of Szadurska where they portrayed her in numerous photos, paintings and sculptures. Barbakoff started more formal ballet training with the French ballerina Catherine Devilliers in 1927. Also in 1927, she separated from her husband. After an appearance in the hall Chopin Hall in Paris on May 9, 1933, she was able to leave with all her costumes, and leave Berlin to go to Paris. Internment and death With her partner, Gert Heinrich Wollheim who was a painter, she traveled from Saarbrücken to Paris. In France, the Netherlands and Switzerland held their own for a while. After the invasion of France by German troops, she was sent on 10 May 1940 to Camp de Gurs for internment. In June she was released again and moved to Nay, and later to Clelles in Grenoble. On 20 October 1940 she wrote a desperate letter to her friend Maria My, from Préchacq-Navarrenx (Pyrénées-Atlantiques), and asked for a food parcel. She had miraculously found her partner Gert Heinrich Wollheim in this Pyrenees village after months of internment. Following the withdrawal of Italian troops from the French Riviera, she went to Nice in 1944, where she was found hiding on the Côte d'Azur and was picked up by the Gestapo, and according to a briefing note dated January 23, 1944, she was deported to Drancy internment camp near Paris. On 3 February 1944, the 67 convoy took her to Auschwitz, where on 6 February 1944 she was murdered in the gas chamber. Portraits Waldemar Flaig : . Tatjana Barbakoff oil painting from 1927 in the Franciscan Museum in Villingen-Schwenningen Kasia from Szadurska : Tatjana Barbakoff. Pencil and chalk to 1929 in the Municipal Wessenberg Gallery Konstanz Rudolf Heinisch : . Tatjana Barbakoff oil painting of 1929, private collection Rudolf Heinisch : studies on the dancer Tatyana Barbakoff. Water color, pencil and chalk around 1928, private collection Gert Heinrich Wollheim : Tatjana Barbakoff oil on wood portrait 1928 held in Israel Museum in Jerusalem Literature Günter Goebbels: Tatjana Barbakoff. A forgotten dancer in pictures and documents . Circle Kulturbahnhof Eller eV, Düsseldorf 2009 Anja Hellhammer: foreign-like as the Far East: Tanja Barbakoff. In: Amelie Soyka (Hg.): Dancing and dance and nothing but dance. Tatjana Barbakoff. Dancer and muse, with texts by Klara Drenker-Nagels, Hildegard Reinhardt, Günter Goebbels and Anja Hellhammer, club August Macke Haus Bonn, Bonn of 2003. Hildegard Reinhardt. Tatjana Barbakoff. Dancer and muse, in: World Art, Issue 2 February 2003. Legacy In Paris, Julia Tardi-Markus, a co-dancer with Barbakoff, started the "Tatjana Barbakoff Prize" in 1986 to help to encourage young dancers. Gert Heinrich Wollheim painted a portrait of in 1928 which still hangs in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. The Düsseldorf City Museum hosts an exposition to honor Tatjana Barbakoff. It contains photographs, and some of her stage costumes, and many of her playbills. Some of Barbakoff’s stage costumes were given by Gert Wollheim’s widow, Mona Loeb (1908–1997) to Düsseldorf City Museum. References 1899 births 1944 deaths People from Aizpute People from Courland Governorate German ballerinas German people of Russian-Jewish descent German people of Chinese descent Latvian people of Chinese descent Latvian people of Russian-Jewish descent Jewish cabaret performers People from the Russian Empire of Jewish descent People from the Russian Empire of Chinese descent German Jews who died in the Holocaust People killed by gas chamber by Nazi Germany German people who died in Auschwitz concentration camp Jewish entertainers Gurs internment camp survivors 20th-century German women 20th-century German ballet dancers
[ "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "(", "August", "15", ",", "189", "9", "–", "February", "6", ",", "1944", ")", "born", "as", "C", "illy", "Ed", "els", "berg", "was", "a", "bal", "let", "and", "Chinese", "style", "d", "an", "cer", ".", "She", "became", "a", "ball", "er", "ina", "in", "Germany", ".", "After", "her", "death", ",", "Jul", "ia", "T", "ard", "i", "-", "Mark", "us", ",", "in", "order", "to", "honor", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ",", "initi", "ated", "the", "\"", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "Prize", "\"", "in", "1986", "to", "help", "to", "encour", "age", "young", "d", "anc", "ers", ".", "Early", "life", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "was", "born", "as", "C", "illy", "Ed", "els", "berg", "in", "H", "as", "en", "po", "th", ",", "Cour", "land", "Governor", "ate", ",", "at", "the", "time", "a", "province", "of", "the", "Russian", "Empire", ",", "today", "in", "Lat", "via", ".", "She", "was", "the", "daughter", "of", "A", "iz", "ik", ",", "a", "Russian", "born", "but", "cher", "and", "Gen", "ya", ",", "who", "had", "been", "born", "in", "China", ".", "She", "changed", "her", "name", "to", "T", "s", "ip", "ora", ".", "The", "parents", "had", "two", "daugh", "ters", "named", "C", "illy", "and", "F", "ani", ".", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "had", "an", "older", "brother", ",", "and", "after", "the", "early", "death", "of", "his", "mother", "in", "190", "3", ",", "her", "father", "re", "married", "H", "aj", "a", "-", "S", "ora", "Its", "k", "ov", "itch", ",", "another", "step", "sister", "in", "1912", ".", "She", "attended", "bal", "let", "school", "up", "until", "ten", "years", "of", "age", ",", "but", "had", "no", "further", "dance", "training", "as", "a", "child", ".", "Life", "In", "1918", "she", "followed", "a", "German", "sold", "ier", ",", "Georg", "Wal", "d", "mann", ",", "who", "served", "in", "the", "Bal", "tic", "states", "during", "World", "War", "I", ".", "It", "was", "during", "his", "military", "service", "d", "uty", ",", "according", "to", "Germany", ",", "where", "she", "married", "him", "later", ".", "With", "her", "husband", ",", "who", "performed", "under", "the", "p", "se", "ud", "onym", "Mar", "cel", "Bo", "iss", "ier", "as", "a", "gu", "est", "em", "ce", "e", ",", "she", "has", "performed", "Russian", "and", "Chinese", "d", "ances", ".", "In", "1921", ",", "she", "created", "solo", "performances", "in", "larger", "houses", "at", "home", "and", "ab", "road", ",", "where", "the", "cost", "umes", "were", "usually", "designed", "for", "her", ",", "and", "described", "as", "pl", "astic", "pict", "ures", "que", "cost", "umes", ".", "Some", "Jewish", "women", "were", "considered", "as", "cab", "ar", "et", "leaders", "during", "this", "time", "period", ".", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ",", "of", "Russian", "-", "Jewish", "and", "Chinese", "her", "itage", ",", "was", "a", "cab", "ar", "et", "ic", "on", "and", "international", "dance", "sens", "ation", ",", "known", "for", "her", "fl", "am", "boy", "ant", "cost", "umes", ",", "leg", "end", "ary", "be", "aut", "y", ",", "and", "sh", "ar", "p", "sen", "se", "of", "hum", "or", ".", "Since", "1924", ",", "it", "was", "previously", "known", "that", "she", "had", "included", "Chinese", "d", "ances", "alongside", "Russian", "d", "ances", "and", "par", "odies", "in", "their", "program", ".", "Be", "cause", "of", "her", "attr", "active", "char", "ism", "a", ",", "she", "became", "a", "public", "mag", "net", ",", "and", "a", "mag", "net", "for", "many", "artists", "including", "R", "ud", "olf", "He", "in", "is", "ch", "and", "K", "as", "ia", "of", "S", "z", "ad", "ur", "sk", "a", "where", "they", "portr", "ayed", "her", "in", "numerous", "photo", "s", ",", "paint", "ings", "and", "sculpt", "ures", ".", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "started", "more", "form", "al", "bal", "let", "training", "with", "the", "French", "ball", "er", "ina", "C", "ather", "ine", "De", "vill", "iers", "in", "1927", ".", "Also", "in", "1927", ",", "she", "separ", "ated", "from", "her", "husband", ".", "After", "an", "appearance", "in", "the", "hall", "Ch", "op", "in", "Hall", "in", "Paris", "on", "May", "9", ",", "1933", ",", "she", "was", "able", "to", "leave", "with", "all", "her", "cost", "umes", ",", "and", "leave", "Berlin", "to", "go", "to", "Paris", ".", "In", "tern", "ment", "and", "death", "With", "her", "part", "ner", ",", "Ger", "t", "He", "in", "rich", "W", "oll", "heim", "who", "was", "a", "painter", ",", "she", "travel", "ed", "from", "Sa", "ar", "br", "ü", "ck", "en", "to", "Paris", ".", "In", "France", ",", "the", "Netherlands", "and", "Switzerland", "held", "their", "own", "for", "a", "while", ".", "After", "the", "inv", "asion", "of", "France", "by", "German", "troops", ",", "she", "was", "sent", "on", "10", "May", "1940", "to", "Camp", "de", "G", "ur", "s", "for", "in", "tern", "ment", ".", "In", "June", "she", "was", "released", "again", "and", "moved", "to", "N", "ay", ",", "and", "later", "to", "Cle", "l", "les", "in", "Gr", "en", "ob", "le", ".", "On", "20", "October", "1940", "she", "wrote", "a", "des", "per", "ate", "letter", "to", "her", "friend", "Maria", "My", ",", "from", "Pr", "é", "ch", "ac", "q", "-", "N", "av", "arr", "en", "x", "(", "P", "yr", "é", "n", "é", "es", "-", "Atl", "anti", "ques", "),", "and", "asked", "for", "a", "food", "par", "cel", ".", "She", "had", "mir", "ac", "ul", "ously", "found", "her", "part", "ner", "Ger", "t", "He", "in", "rich", "W", "oll", "heim", "in", "this", "P", "yr", "ene", "es", "village", "after", "months", "of", "in", "tern", "ment", ".", "Following", "the", "with", "draw", "al", "of", "Italian", "troops", "from", "the", "French", "R", "iv", "ier", "a", ",", "she", "went", "to", "N", "ice", "in", "1944", ",", "where", "she", "was", "found", "h", "iding", "on", "the", "C", "ô", "te", "d", "'", "Az", "ur", "and", "was", "pick", "ed", "up", "by", "the", "G", "est", "ap", "o", ",", "and", "according", "to", "a", "brief", "ing", "note", "dated", "January", "23", ",", "1944", ",", "she", "was", "de", "ported", "to", "D", "ran", "cy", "in", "tern", "ment", "camp", "near", "Paris", ".", "On", "3", "February", "1944", ",", "the", "67", "conv", "oy", "took", "her", "to", "A", "us", "ch", "w", "itz", ",", "where", "on", "6", "February", "1944", "she", "was", "murder", "ed", "in", "the", "gas", "ch", "amber", ".", "Por", "tra", "its", "Wal", "dem", "ar", "F", "la", "ig", ":", ".", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "oil", "painting", "from", "1927", "in", "the", "Francis", "can", "Museum", "in", "Vill", "ing", "en", "-", "Sch", "w", "enn", "ing", "en", "K", "as", "ia", "from", "S", "z", "ad", "ur", "sk", "a", ":", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ".", "Pen", "cil", "and", "ch", "al", "k", "to", "1929", "in", "the", "Municip", "al", "W", "ess", "en", "berg", "Gallery", "K", "on", "stan", "z", "R", "ud", "olf", "He", "in", "is", "ch", ":", ".", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "oil", "painting", "of", "1929", ",", "private", "collection", "R", "ud", "olf", "He", "in", "is", "ch", ":", "studies", "on", "the", "d", "an", "cer", "T", "at", "y", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ".", "Water", "color", ",", "pen", "cil", "and", "ch", "al", "k", "around", "1928", ",", "private", "collection", "Ger", "t", "He", "in", "rich", "W", "oll", "heim", ":", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "oil", "on", "wood", "por", "tra", "it", "1928", "held", "in", "Israel", "Museum", "in", "Jer", "us", "al", "em", "Liter", "ature", "G", "ü", "n", "ter", "Go", "e", "bb", "els", ":", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ".", "A", "for", "got", "ten", "d", "an", "cer", "in", "pict", "ures", "and", "doc", "uments", ".", "Cir", "cle", "K", "ult", "ur", "b", "ah", "n", "h", "of", "El", "ler", "e", "V", ",", "D", "ü", "s", "sel", "d", "or", "f", "2009", "An", "ja", "H", "ell", "ham", "mer", ":", "foreign", "-", "like", "as", "the", "Far", "East", ":", "Tan", "ja", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ".", "In", ":", "Am", "el", "ie", "S", "oy", "ka", "(", "H", "g", ".", "):", "D", "ancing", "and", "dance", "and", "no", "thing", "but", "dance", ".", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ".", "Dan", "cer", "and", "m", "use", ",", "with", "te", "x", "ts", "by", "K", "lar", "a", "Dr", "en", "ker", "-", "N", "ag", "els", ",", "H", "il", "deg", "ard", "Re", "in", "hard", "t", ",", "G", "ü", "n", "ter", "Go", "e", "bb", "els", "and", "An", "ja", "H", "ell", "ham", "mer", ",", "club", "August", "M", "ack", "e", "Ha", "us", "Bon", "n", ",", "Bon", "n", "of", "2003", ".", "H", "il", "deg", "ard", "Re", "in", "hard", "t", ".", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ".", "Dan", "cer", "and", "m", "use", ",", "in", ":", "World", "Art", ",", "Is", "su", "e", "2", "February", "2003", ".", "Leg", "acy", "In", "Paris", ",", "Jul", "ia", "T", "ard", "i", "-", "Mark", "us", ",", "a", "co", "-", "d", "an", "cer", "with", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ",", "started", "the", "\"", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "Prize", "\"", "in", "1986", "to", "help", "to", "encour", "age", "young", "d", "anc", "ers", ".", "Ger", "t", "He", "in", "rich", "W", "oll", "heim", "pain", "ted", "a", "por", "tra", "it", "of", "in", "1928", "which", "still", "hang", "s", "in", "the", "Israel", "Museum", "in", "Jer", "us", "al", "em", ".", "The", "D", "ü", "s", "sel", "d", "or", "f", "City", "Museum", "host", "s", "an", "ex", "position", "to", "honor", "T", "at", "j", "ana", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", ".", "It", "contains", "photograph", "s", ",", "and", "some", "of", "her", "stage", "cost", "umes", ",", "and", "many", "of", "her", "play", "bill", "s", ".", "Some", "of", "Bar", "b", "ak", "off", "’", "s", "stage", "cost", "umes", "were", "given", "by", "Ger", "t", "W", "oll", "heim", "’", "s", "wid", "ow", ",", "Mon", "a", "Lo", "e", "b", "(", "1908", "–", "1997", ")", "to", "D", "ü", "s", "sel", "d", "or", "f", "City", "Museum", ".", "References", "189", "9", "births", "1944", "deaths", "People", "from", "A", "iz", "p", "ute", "People", "from", "Cour", "land", "Governor", "ate", "German", "ball", "er", "in", "as", "German", "people", "of", "Russian", "-", "Jewish", "descent", "German", "people", "of", "Chinese", "descent", "Lat", "v", "ian", "people", "of", "Chinese", "descent", "Lat", "v", "ian", "people", "of", "Russian", "-", "Jewish", "descent", "Jewish", "cab", "ar", "et", "perform", "ers", "People", "from", "the", "Russian", "Empire", "of", "Jewish", "descent", "People", "from", "the", "Russian", "Empire", "of", "Chinese", "descent", "German", "Jews", "who", "died", "in", "the", "Hol", "oc", "au", "st", "People", "killed", "by", "gas", "ch", "amber", "by", "Naz", "i", "Germany", "German", "people", "who", "died", "in", "A", "us", "ch", "w", "itz", "con", "centr", "ation", "camp", "Jewish", "enter", "tain", "ers", "G", "ur", "s", "in", "tern", "ment", "camp", "surv", "iv", "ors", "20th", "-", "century", "German", "women", "20th", "-", "century", "German", "bal", "let", "d", "anc", "ers" ]
[ 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 12, 25313, 25018, 16, 25529, 29, 4992, 25500, 26, 16, 27684, 13, 25049, 24594, 39, 28713, 25420, 25354, 26562, 24625, 69, 27834, 25171, 24596, 26640, 25698, 72, 24583, 25040, 18, 25079, 25244, 69, 24861, 24582, 25110, 24581, 26269, 18, 25302, 24803, 25303, 16, 27661, 24677, 56, 24695, 77, 17, 26657, 24640, 16, 24581, 25683, 24601, 28609, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 16, 29210, 24712, 24585, 6, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 28596, 6, 24581, 26801, 24601, 26709, 24601, 29812, 24754, 26181, 72, 25353, 24629, 18, 26580, 25372, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 24625, 25049, 24594, 39, 28713, 25420, 25354, 26562, 24581, 44, 24594, 24587, 24902, 24580, 16, 26095, 24775, 27924, 24688, 16, 24590, 24585, 24978, 69, 28459, 24595, 24585, 26341, 27498, 16, 28471, 24581, 26789, 26851, 18, 25079, 24625, 24585, 26672, 24595, 37, 24782, 25054, 16, 69, 26341, 25049, 24835, 28464, 24596, 25516, 26351, 16, 24831, 24798, 24948, 25049, 24581, 26373, 18, 25079, 27496, 24803, 25364, 24601, 56, 87, 24696, 28000, 18, 24627, 28224, 24798, 24907, 26377, 24998, 25533, 39, 28713, 24596, 42, 26644, 18, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 24798, 24583, 28002, 26936, 16, 24596, 24942, 24585, 25551, 25303, 24595, 24684, 26554, 24581, 25454, 23, 16, 24803, 25919, 24600, 26160, 44, 25075, 69, 17, 55, 28000, 27128, 79, 24658, 26037, 16, 26054, 28111, 28101, 24581, 29131, 18, 25079, 27446, 27834, 25171, 25228, 24772, 25359, 25026, 25100, 24595, 24754, 16, 24835, 24798, 25159, 26629, 29139, 27126, 24594, 69, 26881, 18, 26933, 24657, 28388, 24971, 27031, 69, 25583, 26090, 25092, 16, 27368, 26179, 72, 27823, 16, 24831, 25612, 24581, 24585, 26358, 27230, 27221, 25104, 25166, 25209, 45, 18, 24805, 24625, 25104, 24684, 26280, 25993, 72, 28450, 16, 27753, 24601, 26269, 16, 25072, 24971, 26160, 25047, 25163, 18, 26137, 24803, 27950, 16, 24831, 26914, 25016, 24585, 84, 24620, 24711, 29062, 24829, 27378, 25255, 24897, 25092, 24594, 69, 25309, 24655, 24635, 24648, 73, 16, 24971, 24808, 26914, 26341, 24596, 26640, 72, 26612, 18, 24657, 29066, 16, 24971, 26199, 28947, 29648, 24581, 28537, 28149, 24590, 25664, 24596, 24662, 25283, 16, 25072, 24585, 26913, 29950, 24747, 27263, 27018, 24618, 24803, 16, 24596, 25896, 24594, 24659, 29105, 29633, 25224, 25657, 26913, 29950, 18, 26726, 27536, 25522, 24747, 26603, 24594, 29553, 24592, 24645, 28920, 25104, 24927, 24978, 26000, 18, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 16, 24595, 26341, 17, 27536, 24596, 26640, 24803, 28516, 16, 24625, 69, 29553, 24592, 24645, 24597, 24584, 24596, 26101, 29139, 29378, 24626, 16, 25137, 24618, 24803, 24949, 24611, 28220, 24738, 26913, 29950, 16, 25247, 24725, 24713, 24636, 26505, 93, 16, 24596, 24690, 24592, 84, 25948, 24620, 24595, 25979, 24586, 18, 27169, 28937, 16, 24598, 24625, 27408, 25137, 24682, 24971, 24798, 25922, 26640, 72, 26612, 28698, 26341, 72, 26612, 24596, 25041, 29488, 24581, 24862, 25620, 18, 25133, 27400, 24595, 24803, 27094, 26764, 25316, 25284, 69, 16, 24971, 25244, 69, 25242, 25984, 26056, 16, 24596, 69, 25984, 26056, 24618, 25160, 26940, 25260, 54, 24711, 26982, 24736, 24581, 24593, 24610, 24596, 47, 24594, 24677, 24595, 55, 94, 24614, 24615, 25252, 69, 25072, 25002, 29493, 27882, 24803, 24581, 28161, 26773, 87, 16, 29495, 24939, 24596, 28869, 25224, 18, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 26213, 25060, 24839, 24591, 27834, 25171, 27126, 24651, 24585, 25596, 24861, 24582, 25110, 39, 25376, 24734, 24821, 25601, 26306, 24581, 28973, 18, 29095, 24581, 28973, 16, 24971, 26916, 24712, 24672, 24803, 27950, 18, 25302, 24583, 27775, 24581, 24585, 28467, 24698, 24644, 24581, 26411, 24581, 26833, 24584, 25176, 29, 16, 28752, 16, 24971, 24625, 24914, 24601, 28904, 24651, 24663, 24803, 26913, 29950, 16, 24596, 28904, 28248, 24601, 25192, 24601, 26833, 18, 24657, 24760, 24718, 24596, 25303, 26137, 24803, 24791, 25651, 16, 25164, 88, 24736, 24581, 27242, 59, 24853, 29388, 24831, 24625, 69, 29948, 16, 24971, 27735, 24588, 24672, 28034, 24592, 24816, 219, 25188, 24587, 24601, 26833, 18, 24657, 26024, 16, 24585, 28753, 24596, 29833, 25605, 24862, 24781, 24618, 69, 25293, 18, 25302, 24585, 25212, 29965, 24595, 26024, 24647, 25583, 28563, 16, 24971, 24625, 26171, 24584, 24975, 25176, 27932, 24601, 26929, 24650, 43, 24615, 87, 24618, 24581, 24760, 24718, 18, 24657, 25347, 24971, 24625, 25385, 25098, 24596, 25804, 24601, 50, 24632, 16, 24596, 25163, 24601, 29889, 80, 24928, 24581, 25014, 24587, 24870, 24604, 18, 24964, 24623, 25336, 27932, 24971, 26299, 69, 24893, 24726, 24688, 28679, 24601, 24803, 26187, 29060, 26158, 16, 24672, 24891, 200, 24610, 24616, 85, 17, 50, 24668, 24848, 24587, 92, 12, 52, 26614, 200, 82, 200, 24589, 17, 26952, 26907, 28444, 24758, 24596, 28260, 24618, 69, 27738, 25041, 27378, 18, 25079, 24798, 27633, 24616, 24649, 28667, 25096, 24803, 24791, 25651, 25164, 88, 24736, 24581, 27242, 59, 24853, 29388, 24581, 24927, 52, 26614, 25410, 24589, 25879, 24942, 26969, 24595, 24581, 24760, 24718, 18, 27560, 24585, 24651, 26387, 24591, 24595, 26321, 28563, 24672, 24585, 25596, 54, 24622, 25092, 69, 16, 24971, 26003, 24601, 50, 24811, 24581, 27684, 16, 25072, 24971, 24625, 25096, 76, 26808, 24584, 24585, 39, 211, 24680, 72, 11, 29238, 24615, 24596, 24625, 28945, 24588, 24772, 24647, 24585, 43, 24655, 24654, 83, 16, 24596, 27753, 24601, 69, 28671, 24599, 28807, 29703, 25352, 25217, 16, 27684, 16, 24971, 24625, 24650, 25856, 24601, 40, 24771, 25147, 24581, 24760, 24718, 25829, 25532, 26833, 18, 24964, 23, 25500, 27684, 16, 24585, 29084, 28376, 24969, 25676, 24803, 24601, 37, 24640, 24610, 91, 26503, 16, 25072, 24584, 26, 25500, 27684, 24971, 24625, 28017, 24588, 24581, 24585, 27556, 24610, 28800, 18, 27774, 26467, 24783, 26179, 25826, 24592, 42, 25403, 24628, 30, 18, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 27755, 29639, 24672, 28973, 24581, 24585, 26745, 24995, 26531, 24581, 26988, 24599, 24587, 17, 25790, 91, 25187, 24599, 24587, 47, 24594, 24677, 24672, 55, 94, 24614, 24615, 25252, 69, 30, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 18, 28344, 25669, 24596, 24610, 24591, 79, 24601, 28779, 24581, 24585, 28526, 24591, 59, 24676, 24587, 26562, 28332, 47, 24584, 29621, 94, 54, 24711, 26982, 24736, 24581, 24593, 24610, 30, 18, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 27755, 29639, 24595, 28779, 16, 27145, 27646, 54, 24711, 26982, 24736, 24581, 24593, 24610, 30, 27754, 24584, 24585, 72, 24583, 25040, 56, 24590, 93, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 18, 28004, 25705, 16, 25863, 25669, 24596, 24610, 24591, 79, 25787, 28786, 16, 27145, 27646, 25164, 88, 24736, 24581, 27242, 59, 24853, 29388, 30, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 27755, 24584, 25917, 24729, 26467, 24598, 28786, 25605, 24581, 26928, 26531, 24581, 26345, 24640, 24591, 24635, 29420, 25690, 43, 219, 82, 24621, 26560, 73, 27468, 25354, 30, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 18, 37, 24618, 26939, 25026, 72, 24583, 25040, 24581, 29633, 25224, 24596, 26685, 27608, 18, 28633, 25741, 47, 24886, 24615, 70, 24966, 82, 76, 24595, 25421, 25819, 73, 58, 16, 40, 219, 87, 26994, 72, 24586, 74, 25531, 24800, 28267, 44, 24731, 25484, 24719, 30, 28393, 17, 25692, 24594, 24585, 27867, 25962, 30, 29447, 28267, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 18, 24657, 30, 25417, 24613, 24716, 55, 24969, 26631, 12, 44, 75, 18, 26828, 40, 29627, 24596, 29139, 24596, 25159, 26592, 24835, 29139, 18, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 18, 26109, 25040, 24596, 81, 25043, 16, 24651, 24680, 92, 24704, 24647, 47, 25791, 69, 25471, 24587, 27223, 17, 50, 24638, 25354, 16, 44, 24608, 26725, 24695, 24693, 24581, 26937, 88, 16, 43, 219, 82, 24621, 26560, 73, 27468, 25354, 24596, 24800, 28267, 44, 24731, 25484, 24719, 16, 25559, 25313, 49, 24765, 73, 27503, 24640, 28549, 82, 16, 28549, 82, 24595, 25877, 18, 44, 24608, 26725, 24695, 24693, 24581, 26937, 88, 18, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 18, 26109, 25040, 24596, 81, 25043, 16, 24581, 30, 25166, 25680, 16, 25134, 24701, 73, 22, 25500, 25877, 18, 26463, 26389, 24657, 26833, 16, 27661, 24677, 56, 24695, 77, 17, 26657, 24640, 16, 69, 24869, 17, 72, 24583, 25040, 24651, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 16, 26213, 24585, 6, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 28596, 6, 24581, 26801, 24601, 26709, 24601, 29812, 24754, 26181, 72, 25353, 24629, 18, 25164, 88, 24736, 24581, 27242, 59, 24853, 29388, 25988, 24826, 69, 24729, 26467, 24598, 24595, 24581, 28786, 24763, 26043, 29467, 87, 24581, 24585, 26928, 26531, 24581, 26345, 24640, 24591, 24635, 18, 24627, 40, 219, 87, 26994, 72, 24586, 74, 25440, 26531, 26123, 87, 24583, 24707, 25654, 24601, 28609, 56, 24590, 78, 25717, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 18, 24805, 27974, 29649, 87, 16, 24596, 25191, 24595, 24803, 26756, 26913, 29950, 16, 24596, 25160, 24595, 24803, 24755, 27154, 87, 18, 26726, 24595, 25497, 70, 24700, 24894, 4998, 87, 26756, 26913, 29950, 24747, 26207, 24647, 25164, 88, 59, 24853, 29388, 4998, 87, 26942, 24639, 16, 25732, 69, 27224, 73, 70, 12, 29636, 4992, 26252, 13, 24601, 40, 219, 87, 26994, 72, 24586, 74, 25440, 26531, 18, 24838, 25529, 29, 25393, 27684, 25989, 25687, 24672, 37, 24782, 84, 25412, 25687, 24672, 26095, 24775, 27924, 24688, 25583, 24861, 24582, 24581, 24594, 25583, 24941, 24595, 26341, 17, 27536, 28341, 25583, 24941, 24595, 26640, 28341, 26789, 90, 24669, 24941, 24595, 26640, 28341, 26789, 90, 24669, 24941, 24595, 26341, 17, 27536, 28341, 27536, 29553, 24592, 24645, 27662, 24629, 25687, 24672, 24585, 26341, 27498, 24595, 27536, 28341, 25687, 24672, 24585, 26341, 27498, 24595, 26640, 28341, 25583, 29628, 24831, 25727, 24581, 24585, 26083, 24670, 24786, 24606, 25687, 26959, 24647, 27556, 24610, 28800, 24647, 29027, 77, 26269, 25583, 24941, 24831, 25727, 24581, 37, 24640, 24610, 91, 26503, 24652, 29571, 24626, 25829, 27536, 27270, 24967, 24629, 43, 24615, 87, 24581, 24760, 24718, 25829, 27295, 24622, 24903, 26025, 17, 25087, 25583, 25522, 26025, 17, 25087, 25583, 27834, 25171, 72, 25353, 24629 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
63067258
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy%20J.%20Sprague
Lucy J. Sprague
Lucy J. Sprague (born Earle 1851 – September 29, 1903) was an American suffragist from Rochester, New York. Biography Sprague was born as Lucy Earle in Rochester, New York, in 1851. Her family were involved in the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church and Sprague would remain active throughout her life. She was married to James Alfred Sprague in 1878 and they had one surviving son. In the church, Sprague volunteered in several different roles, including acting as treasurer and superintendent of the Sunday School for infants. She and her husband were both members of the Susan B. Anthony Club for Colored Women and worked towards women's suffrage. Sprague also worked with Hester C. Jeffrey in the church and as an activist. Sprague died on September 29, 1903, in her home in Rochester. She was buried in Mount Hope Cemetery. References 1851 births 1903 deaths Activists from Rochester, New York African-American suffragists American suffragists 19th-century African-American people 19th-century African-American women 20th-century African-American people 20th-century African-American women
[ "Luc", "y", "J", ".", "S", "pr", "ague", "(", "born", "Ear", "le", "185", "1", "–", "September", "29", ",", "190", "3", ")", "was", "an", "American", "su", "f", "fr", "ag", "ist", "from", "Ro", "chester", ",", "New", "York", ".", "Biography", "S", "pr", "ague", "was", "born", "as", "Luc", "y", "Ear", "le", "in", "Ro", "chester", ",", "New", "York", ",", "in", "185", "1", ".", "Her", "family", "were", "involved", "in", "the", "African", "Me", "thod", "ist", "Epis", "cop", "al", "Z", "ion", "Church", "and", "S", "pr", "ague", "would", "remain", "active", "throughout", "her", "life", ".", "She", "was", "married", "to", "James", "Al", "fred", "S", "pr", "ague", "in", "187", "8", "and", "they", "had", "one", "surv", "iving", "son", ".", "In", "the", "church", ",", "S", "pr", "ague", "vol", "unte", "ered", "in", "several", "different", "roles", ",", "including", "acting", "as", "tre", "as", "urer", "and", "super", "int", "end", "ent", "of", "the", "Sun", "day", "School", "for", "inf", "ants", ".", "She", "and", "her", "husband", "were", "both", "members", "of", "the", "Sus", "an", "B", ".", "Anth", "ony", "Club", "for", "Col", "ored", "Women", "and", "worked", "towards", "women", "'", "s", "su", "f", "fr", "age", ".", "S", "pr", "ague", "also", "worked", "with", "H", "ester", "C", ".", "Jeff", "rey", "in", "the", "church", "and", "as", "an", "activ", "ist", ".", "S", "pr", "ague", "died", "on", "September", "29", ",", "190", "3", ",", "in", "her", "home", "in", "Ro", "chester", ".", "She", "was", "buried", "in", "Mount", "H", "ope", "C", "emetery", ".", "References", "185", "1", "births", "190", "3", "deaths", "Act", "iv", "ists", "from", "Ro", "chester", ",", "New", "York", "African", "-", "American", "su", "f", "fr", "ag", "ists", "American", "su", "f", "fr", "ag", "ists", "19th", "-", "century", "African", "-", "American", "people", "19th", "-", "century", "African", "-", "American", "women", "20th", "-", "century", "African", "-", "American", "people", "20th", "-", "century", "African", "-", "American", "women" ]
[ 27760, 93, 46, 18, 55, 24666, 25130, 12, 25049, 25751, 24604, 26186, 21, 4992, 25322, 25633, 16, 25454, 23, 13, 24625, 24583, 24868, 24701, 74, 24653, 24638, 24641, 24672, 25125, 27963, 16, 24871, 25288, 18, 28198, 55, 24666, 25130, 24625, 25049, 24594, 27760, 93, 25751, 24604, 24581, 25125, 27963, 16, 24871, 25288, 16, 24581, 26186, 21, 18, 25503, 25334, 24747, 27186, 24581, 24585, 26301, 25443, 26445, 24641, 29544, 26676, 24591, 62, 24602, 25986, 24596, 55, 24666, 25130, 25084, 25645, 26764, 27181, 24803, 25372, 18, 25079, 24625, 26160, 24601, 26033, 24788, 29623, 55, 24666, 25130, 24581, 25821, 28, 24596, 25002, 24798, 24748, 27295, 25113, 24951, 18, 24657, 24585, 26051, 16, 55, 24666, 25130, 25561, 29593, 25351, 24581, 25548, 26035, 29451, 16, 25260, 28349, 24594, 26904, 24594, 29357, 24596, 26811, 24957, 24725, 24609, 24595, 24585, 26486, 25058, 25262, 24618, 29541, 25575, 18, 25079, 24596, 24803, 27950, 24747, 25379, 25622, 24595, 24585, 28845, 24583, 38, 18, 28789, 25580, 26188, 24618, 24997, 25839, 26348, 24596, 26245, 27814, 25522, 11, 87, 24701, 74, 24653, 24754, 18, 55, 24666, 25130, 24762, 26245, 24651, 44, 28908, 39, 18, 28674, 26806, 24581, 24585, 26051, 24596, 24594, 24583, 25913, 24641, 18, 55, 24666, 25130, 25727, 24584, 25322, 25633, 16, 25454, 23, 16, 24581, 24803, 25664, 24581, 25125, 27963, 18, 25079, 24625, 29656, 24581, 27396, 44, 25226, 39, 28954, 18, 24838, 26186, 21, 25393, 25454, 23, 25989, 25928, 24622, 25006, 24672, 25125, 27963, 16, 24871, 25288, 26301, 17, 24868, 24701, 74, 24653, 24638, 25006, 24868, 24701, 74, 24653, 24638, 25006, 27012, 17, 25087, 26301, 17, 24868, 24941, 27012, 17, 25087, 26301, 17, 24868, 25522, 26025, 17, 25087, 26301, 17, 24868, 24941, 26025, 17, 25087, 26301, 17, 24868, 25522 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
60001194
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okauia
Okauia
Okauia is a rural settlement and community located east of Matamata, in the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "place of articles threaded on a stick" for Ōkauia. There are hot springs on both banks of the Waihou River. Opal is on the west bank and Crystal, or Chrystal, on the east. Wairere Falls, the highest waterfall in the North Island, is northeast of Okauia. Marae The area includes three marae affiliated with the Ngāti Hinerangi iwi: Hinerangi Tawhaki Marae is affiliated with the hapū of Ngāti Rangi, Ngāti Tamapango, Ngāti Tawhaki and Uri o Tangata. Tamapango Marae is affiliated with the hapū of Ngāti Rangi, Ngāti Tamapango and Ngāti Tawhaki. Te Ōhākī Marae is affiliated with the hapū of Ngāti Kura, Ngāti Te Riha, Ngāti Tokotoko and Ngāti Whakamaungarangi. Another local marae, Tangata Marae, is affiliated with the Ngāti Raukawa iwi and its Ngāti Hinerangi hapū. In October 2020, the Government committed $1,259,392 from the Provincial Growth Fund to upgrade Tangata Marae and 7 other Ngāti Raukawa marae, creating 18 jobs. History In 1879 about at Okauia was divided, largely to F A Whittaker and Josiah Firth. In 1896 the government bought the Okauia section of Firth's Matamata estate, under the Land for Settlements Acts, and started selling it to settlers in 1898. However, it wasn't until 1911 that most of the land was taken up and the Okauia scheme was reported as a success. The hot springs were not part of the sales. A post office opened in 1906. A school, at the east end of Okauia Springs Road opened early in 1909. In 1924 there were 34 pupils and 2 teachers. and closed between 1936 and 1945. From 1925 standards 5 and 6 pupils went to Matamata Junior High School. In 1939 a 2-room Native school opened, at the end of Douglas Road, using the Okauia school building. That school closed in 1968 and the building was moved to Walton School. The Okauia Hall, opened in 1961, was built on the site of the old Okauia School horse paddock. A creamery opened in October 1909, to the east, on Old Te Aroha Road. It closed in 1915. In 1919 plans were made for a residential development, where the 18-hole, golf course (opened in 1935) now is. The Thames Valley Electric Power Board extended their lines to Okauia in 1923. A hall opened in 1928, to the south, on Barton Road. It was replaced by the present hall, about a kilometre east of the springs, around 1951. The first bridge across the Waihou River was built for Josiah Firth. It was shortened to in 1913, repaired in 1929 and replaced in 1956. Te Aroha Road was extended south to Okauia in 1915. Shingle for roads was taken from the river in the 1920s. The road from Matamata was gravelled in 1924. It was sealed in 1931. A bus from Matamata to the springs began in 1923 and was still running in 1938. Obstructions were removed from the river, so that by 1923 a launch could reach Okauia. The river below Okauia isn't blocked by willow trees, but is now little used. Demographics Okauia settlement is in two SA1 statistical areas, which cover . The SA1 areas are part of the larger Okauia statistical area. Okauia had a population of 306 at the 2018 New Zealand census, a decrease of 6 people (−1.9%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 51 people (20.0%) since the 2006 census. There were 111 households, comprising 165 males and 144 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.15 males per female, with 72 people (23.5%) aged under 15 years, 60 (19.6%) aged 15 to 29, 135 (44.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 42 (13.7%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 79.4% European/Pākehā, 18.6% Māori, 3.9% Pacific peoples, 5.9% Asian, and 1.0% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 44.1% had no religion, 47.1% were Christian, 2.9% had Māori religious beliefs and 1.0% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 33 (14.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 45 (19.2%) people had no formal qualifications. 33 people (14.1%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 132 (56.4%) people were employed full-time, 45 (19.2%) were part-time, and 9 (3.8%) were unemployed. Okauia statistical area Okauia statistical area covers and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2. Okauia statistical area had a population of 1,041 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 69 people (7.1%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 150 people (16.8%) since the 2006 census. There were 378 households, comprising 537 males and 504 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.07 males per female. The median age was 37.4 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 231 people (22.2%) aged under 15 years, 210 (20.2%) aged 15 to 29, 471 (45.2%) aged 30 to 64, and 129 (12.4%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 87.0% European/Pākehā, 13.8% Māori, 2.0% Pacific peoples, 4.9% Asian, and 1.7% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas was 16.4, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.0% had no religion, 39.2% were Christian, 1.2% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.6% were Hindu, 0.9% were Muslim, 0.3% were Buddhist and 1.2% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 105 (13.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 165 (20.4%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $38,400, compared with $31,800 nationally. 150 people (18.5%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 465 (57.4%) people were employed full-time, 138 (17.0%) were part-time, and 21 (2.6%) were unemployed. Hot springs Okauia Springs were part of the geothermal taonga of Ngāti Hinerangi, but by 1880 Okauia No.5 block, containing the Ramaroa spring, was sold into private ownership, with a verbal agreement between the owner and the iwi that they could continue to use it. However, by 1920 the block had been sold to a new owner, and despite protest to the Crown, Ngāti Hinerangi had to pay to use the spring. Access to other hot springs ended in a similar way. A deed of settlement between Ngāti Hinerangi and the Crown, redressing some of the unjust Crown actions, was signed on 4 May 2019. J. C. Firth opened Opal (Okauia) and Crystal (Papahuia) springs. The original pool, Ramaroa, was named after a canoe, turned to a stone in the pool. An alternative explanation of the name Rama Roa, is “Long Light,” as the sun sometimes causes it to shimmer with light. Opal was named for its clear, pale-blue water and Crystal for its small, diamond-like crystals. At Opal, after the bridge was built overlooking the pool, changing rooms, concrete steps and a wall between Opal and the river, were added. Accommodation was built in 1923. In 1925 Opal was doubled in length to x , lined with concrete and extra changing rooms added. A sample at Okauia in 1994 measured a temperature of and a higher level of bicarbonate than most springs. William Owen Garland developed Crystal Springs from 1916. The river was dammed and a rectangular pool dug out. Crystal was concreted and extended in 1929, when a report said filled the pool in 2h 45m, equivalent to about per minute. In 1959 the flow was reported as about /min higher. In 1968 4 cases of meningitis were contracted after swimming at Crystal Springs, so the public pool was closed, as it was after other cases in 1971 and 1978. The pools were rebuilt and opened for bathing of horses and greyhounds. Crystal Springs are now used by Youth With A Mission. See also List of towns in New Zealand References External links Photos - 1910s Crystal Springs 1920s Crystal Springs, tennis courts and Waihou River Opal Spring, Ramaroa 1950s diving platform at Crystal Springs and Opal Springs 1962 Crystal Springs pool Populated places in Waikato Matamata-Piako District Hot springs of New Zealand
[ "Ok", "au", "ia", "is", "a", "rural", "settlement", "and", "community", "located", "east", "of", "Mat", "am", "ata", ",", "in", "the", "W", "a", "ik", "ato", "region", "of", "New", "Zealand", "'", "s", "North", "Island", ".", "The", "New", "Zealand", "Ministry", "for", "Cult", "ure", "and", "Her", "itage", "gives", "a", "transl", "ation", "of", "\"", "place", "of", "articles", "th", "read", "ed", "on", "a", "st", "ick", "\"", "for", "Ō", "k", "au", "ia", ".", "There", "are", "hot", "s", "pr", "ings", "on", "both", "ban", "ks", "of", "the", "W", "ai", "h", "ou", "River", ".", "O", "pal", "is", "on", "the", "west", "bank", "and", "C", "ry", "st", "al", ",", "or", "Ch", "ry", "st", "al", ",", "on", "the", "east", ".", "W", "air", "ere", "Fall", "s", ",", "the", "highest", "water", "fall", "in", "the", "North", "Island", ",", "is", "nor", "theast", "of", "Ok", "au", "ia", ".", "Mar", "ae", "The", "area", "includes", "three", "mar", "ae", "affili", "ated", "with", "the", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "H", "in", "er", "ang", "i", "i", "w", "i", ":", "H", "in", "er", "ang", "i", "Ta", "wh", "aki", "Mar", "ae", "is", "affili", "ated", "with", "the", "hap", "ū", "of", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "R", "ang", "i", ",", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "Tam", "ap", "ang", "o", ",", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "Ta", "wh", "aki", "and", "U", "ri", "o", "T", "ang", "ata", ".", "Tam", "ap", "ang", "o", "Mar", "ae", "is", "affili", "ated", "with", "the", "hap", "ū", "of", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "R", "ang", "i", ",", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "Tam", "ap", "ang", "o", "and", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "Ta", "wh", "aki", ".", "Te", "Ō", "h", "ā", "k", "ī", "Mar", "ae", "is", "affili", "ated", "with", "the", "hap", "ū", "of", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "K", "ura", ",", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "Te", "R", "i", "ha", ",", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "Tok", "oto", "ko", "and", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "Wh", "ak", "ama", "ung", "ar", "ang", "i", ".", "Another", "local", "mar", "ae", ",", "T", "ang", "ata", "Mar", "ae", ",", "is", "affili", "ated", "with", "the", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "R", "au", "k", "awa", "i", "w", "i", "and", "its", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "H", "in", "er", "ang", "i", "hap", "ū", ".", "In", "October", "2020", ",", "the", "Government", "commit", "ted", "$", "1", ",", "25", "9", ",", "39", "2", "from", "the", "Prov", "incial", "G", "row", "th", "F", "und", "to", "up", "grade", "T", "ang", "ata", "Mar", "ae", "and", "7", "other", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "R", "au", "k", "awa", "mar", "ae", ",", "cre", "ating", "18", "job", "s", ".", "History", "In", "187", "9", "about", "at", "Ok", "au", "ia", "was", "divided", ",", "largely", "to", "F", "A", "Wh", "itt", "aker", "and", "Jos", "ia", "h", "Fir", "th", ".", "In", "189", "6", "the", "government", "b", "ought", "the", "Ok", "au", "ia", "section", "of", "Fir", "th", "'", "s", "Mat", "am", "ata", "estate", ",", "under", "the", "Land", "for", "S", "ett", "le", "ments", "Act", "s", ",", "and", "started", "s", "elling", "it", "to", "sett", "lers", "in", "189", "8", ".", "However", ",", "it", "was", "n", "'", "t", "until", "1911", "that", "most", "of", "the", "land", "was", "taken", "up", "and", "the", "Ok", "au", "ia", "sche", "me", "was", "reported", "as", "a", "success", ".", "The", "hot", "s", "pr", "ings", "were", "not", "part", "of", "the", "sales", ".", "A", "post", "office", "opened", "in", "190", "6", ".", "A", "school", ",", "at", "the", "east", "end", "of", "Ok", "au", "ia", "S", "pr", "ings", "Road", "opened", "early", "in", "1909", ".", "In", "1924", "there", "were", "34", "p", "up", "ils", "and", "2", "teach", "ers", ".", "and", "closed", "between", "1936", "and", "1945", ".", "From", "1925", "stand", "ards", "5", "and", "6", "p", "up", "ils", "went", "to", "Mat", "am", "ata", "Junior", "High", "School", ".", "In", "1939", "a", "2", "-", "room", "N", "ative", "school", "opened", ",", "at", "the", "end", "of", "Dou", "gl", "as", "Road", ",", "using", "the", "Ok", "au", "ia", "school", "building", ".", "That", "school", "closed", "in", "1968", "and", "the", "building", "was", "moved", "to", "Wal", "ton", "School", ".", "The", "Ok", "au", "ia", "Hall", ",", "opened", "in", "1961", ",", "was", "built", "on", "the", "site", "of", "the", "old", "Ok", "au", "ia", "School", "horse", "p", "add", "ock", ".", "A", "cre", "am", "ery", "opened", "in", "October", "1909", ",", "to", "the", "east", ",", "on", "Old", "Te", "A", "ro", "ha", "Road", ".", "It", "closed", "in", "1915", ".", "In", "1919", "plans", "were", "made", "for", "a", "resident", "ial", "development", ",", "where", "the", "18", "-", "h", "ole", ",", "g", "olf", "course", "(", "opened", "in", "1935", ")", "now", "is", ".", "The", "Th", "ames", "Valley", "Elect", "ric", "Power", "Board", "extended", "their", "lines", "to", "Ok", "au", "ia", "in", "1923", ".", "A", "hall", "opened", "in", "1928", ",", "to", "the", "south", ",", "on", "B", "art", "on", "Road", ".", "It", "was", "replaced", "by", "the", "present", "hall", ",", "about", "a", "k", "il", "omet", "re", "east", "of", "the", "s", "pr", "ings", ",", "around", "1951", ".", "The", "first", "bridge", "across", "the", "W", "ai", "h", "ou", "River", "was", "built", "for", "Jos", "ia", "h", "Fir", "th", ".", "It", "was", "short", "ened", "to", "in", "1913", ",", "re", "pair", "ed", "in", "1929", "and", "replaced", "in", "1956", ".", "Te", "A", "ro", "ha", "Road", "was", "extended", "south", "to", "Ok", "au", "ia", "in", "1915", ".", "Sh", "ing", "le", "for", "road", "s", "was", "taken", "from", "the", "river", "in", "the", "1920", "s", ".", "The", "road", "from", "Mat", "am", "ata", "was", "gr", "av", "elled", "in", "1924", ".", "It", "was", "se", "aled", "in", "1931", ".", "A", "bus", "from", "Mat", "am", "ata", "to", "the", "s", "pr", "ings", "began", "in", "1923", "and", "was", "still", "running", "in", "1938", ".", "Ob", "stru", "ctions", "were", "removed", "from", "the", "river", ",", "so", "that", "by", "1923", "a", "launch", "could", "reach", "Ok", "au", "ia", ".", "The", "river", "below", "Ok", "au", "ia", "is", "n", "'", "t", "block", "ed", "by", "will", "ow", "tre", "es", ",", "but", "is", "now", "little", "used", ".", "Dem", "ograph", "ics", "Ok", "au", "ia", "settlement", "is", "in", "two", "SA", "1", "stat", "ist", "ical", "areas", ",", "which", "cover", ".", "The", "SA", "1", "areas", "are", "part", "of", "the", "larger", "Ok", "au", "ia", "stat", "ist", "ical", "area", ".", "Ok", "au", "ia", "had", "a", "population", "of", "30", "6", "at", "the", "2018", "New", "Zealand", "census", ",", "a", "de", "cre", "ase", "of", "6", "people", "(", "−", "1", ".", "9", "%)", "since", "the", "2013", "census", ",", "and", "an", "increase", "of", "51", "people", "(", "20", ".", "0", "%)", "since", "the", "2006", "census", ".", "There", "were", "11", "1", "households", ",", "com", "pr", "ising", "16", "5", "m", "ales", "and", "14", "4", "females", ",", "giving", "a", "sex", "rat", "io", "of", "1", ".", "15", "m", "ales", "per", "female", ",", "with", "72", "people", "(", "23", ".", "5", "%)", "aged", "under", "15", "years", ",", "60", "(", "19", ".", "6", "%)", "aged", "15", "to", "29", ",", "13", "5", "(", "44", ".", "1", "%)", "aged", "30", "to", "64", ",", "and", "42", "(", "13", ".", "7", "%)", "aged", "65", "or", "older", ".", "Eth", "nic", "ities", "were", "79", ".", "4", "%", "European", "/", "P", "ā", "ke", "h", "ā", ",", "18", ".", "6", "%", "M", "ā", "ori", ",", "3", ".", "9", "%", "Pacific", "pe", "op", "les", ",", "5", ".", "9", "%", "Asian", ",", "and", "1", ".", "0", "%", "other", "eth", "nic", "ities", ".", "People", "may", "ident", "ify", "with", "more", "than", "one", "eth", "nic", "ity", ".", "Although", "some", "people", "cho", "se", "not", "to", "ans", "w", "er", "the", "census", "'", "s", "quest", "ion", "about", "religious", "affili", "ation", ",", "44", ".", "1", "%", "had", "no", "relig", "ion", ",", "47", ".", "1", "%", "were", "Christian", ",", "2", ".", "9", "%", "had", "M", "ā", "ori", "religious", "bel", "ief", "s", "and", "1", ".", "0", "%", "had", "other", "relig", "ions", ".", "Of", "those", "at", "least", "15", "years", "old", ",", "33", "(", "14", ".", "1", "%)", "people", "had", "a", "bac", "hel", "or", "'", "s", "or", "higher", "degree", ",", "and", "45", "(", "19", ".", "2", "%)", "people", "had", "no", "form", "al", "qual", "ific", "ations", ".", "33", "people", "(", "14", ".", "1", "%)", "earned", "over", "$", "70", ",", "000", "compared", "to", "17", ".", "2", "%", "national", "ly", ".", "The", "employ", "ment", "status", "of", "those", "at", "least", "15", "was", "that", "13", "2", "(", "56", ".", "4", "%)", "people", "were", "employ", "ed", "full", "-", "time", ",", "45", "(", "19", ".", "2", "%)", "were", "part", "-", "time", ",", "and", "9", "(", "3", ".", "8", "%)", "were", "un", "employ", "ed", ".", "Ok", "au", "ia", "stat", "ist", "ical", "area", "Ok", "au", "ia", "stat", "ist", "ical", "area", "c", "overs", "and", "had", "an", "estimated", "population", "of", "as", "of", "with", "a", "population", "density", "of", "people", "per", "km", "2", ".", "Ok", "au", "ia", "stat", "ist", "ical", "area", "had", "a", "population", "of", "1", ",", "0", "41", "at", "the", "2018", "New", "Zealand", "census", ",", "an", "increase", "of", "69", "people", "(", "7", ".", "1", "%)", "since", "the", "2013", "census", ",", "and", "an", "increase", "of", "150", "people", "(", "16", ".", "8", "%)", "since", "the", "2006", "census", ".", "There", "were", "37", "8", "households", ",", "com", "pr", "ising", "5", "37", "m", "ales", "and", "50", "4", "females", ",", "giving", "a", "sex", "rat", "io", "of", "1", ".", "07", "m", "ales", "per", "female", ".", "The", "median", "age", "was", "37", ".", "4", "years", "(", "compared", "with", "37", ".", "4", "years", "national", "ly", "),", "with", "23", "1", "people", "(", "22", ".", "2", "%)", "aged", "under", "15", "years", ",", "2", "10", "(", "20", ".", "2", "%)", "aged", "15", "to", "29", ",", "47", "1", "(", "45", ".", "2", "%)", "aged", "30", "to", "64", ",", "and", "12", "9", "(", "12", ".", "4", "%)", "aged", "65", "or", "older", ".", "Eth", "nic", "ities", "were", "87", ".", "0", "%", "European", "/", "P", "ā", "ke", "h", "ā", ",", "13", ".", "8", "%", "M", "ā", "ori", ",", "2", ".", "0", "%", "Pacific", "pe", "op", "les", ",", "4", ".", "9", "%", "Asian", ",", "and", "1", ".", "7", "%", "other", "eth", "nic", "ities", ".", "People", "may", "ident", "ify", "with", "more", "than", "one", "eth", "nic", "ity", ".", "The", "percent", "age", "of", "people", "born", "over", "se", "as", "was", "16", ".", "4", ",", "compared", "with", "27", ".", "1", "%", "national", "ly", ".", "Although", "some", "people", "cho", "se", "not", "to", "ans", "w", "er", "the", "census", "'", "s", "quest", "ion", "about", "religious", "affili", "ation", ",", "51", ".", "0", "%", "had", "no", "relig", "ion", ",", "39", ".", "2", "%", "were", "Christian", ",", "1", ".", "2", "%", "had", "M", "ā", "ori", "religious", "bel", "ief", "s", ",", "0", ".", "6", "%", "were", "H", "indu", ",", "0", ".", "9", "%", "were", "Muslim", ",", "0", ".", "3", "%", "were", "Budd", "h", "ist", "and", "1", ".", "2", "%", "had", "other", "relig", "ions", ".", "Of", "those", "at", "least", "15", "years", "old", ",", "10", "5", "(", "13", ".", "0", "%)", "people", "had", "a", "bac", "hel", "or", "'", "s", "or", "higher", "degree", ",", "and", "16", "5", "(", "20", ".", "4", "%)", "people", "had", "no", "form", "al", "qual", "ific", "ations", ".", "The", "median", "income", "was", "$", "38", ",", "400", ",", "compared", "with", "$", "31", ",", "8", "00", "national", "ly", ".", "150", "people", "(", "18", ".", "5", "%)", "earned", "over", "$", "70", ",", "000", "compared", "to", "17", ".", "2", "%", "national", "ly", ".", "The", "employ", "ment", "status", "of", "those", "at", "least", "15", "was", "that", "4", "65", "(", "57", ".", "4", "%)", "people", "were", "employ", "ed", "full", "-", "time", ",", "13", "8", "(", "17", ".", "0", "%)", "were", "part", "-", "time", ",", "and", "21", "(", "2", ".", "6", "%)", "were", "un", "employ", "ed", ".", "Hot", "s", "pr", "ings", "Ok", "au", "ia", "S", "pr", "ings", "were", "part", "of", "the", "ge", "other", "mal", "ta", "ong", "a", "of", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "H", "in", "er", "ang", "i", ",", "but", "by", "188", "0", "Ok", "au", "ia", "No", ".", "5", "block", ",", "contain", "ing", "the", "Ram", "ar", "o", "a", "spring", ",", "was", "sold", "into", "private", "own", "ership", ",", "with", "a", "ver", "bal", "agreement", "between", "the", "owner", "and", "the", "i", "w", "i", "that", "they", "could", "continue", "to", "use", "it", ".", "However", ",", "by", "1920", "the", "block", "had", "been", "sold", "to", "a", "new", "owner", ",", "and", "despite", "protest", "to", "the", "C", "rown", ",", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "H", "in", "er", "ang", "i", "had", "to", "pay", "to", "use", "the", "spring", ".", "Ac", "cess", "to", "other", "hot", "s", "pr", "ings", "ended", "in", "a", "similar", "way", ".", "A", "de", "ed", "of", "settlement", "between", "N", "g", "ā", "ti", "H", "in", "er", "ang", "i", "and", "the", "C", "rown", ",", "red", "r", "ess", "ing", "some", "of", "the", "un", "just", "C", "rown", "actions", ",", "was", "signed", "on", "4", "May", "2019", ".", "J", ".", "C", ".", "Fir", "th", "opened", "O", "pal", "(", "Ok", "au", "ia", ")", "and", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "(", "P", "ap", "ah", "u", "ia", ")", "s", "pr", "ings", ".", "The", "original", "pool", ",", "Ram", "ar", "o", "a", ",", "was", "named", "after", "a", "can", "oe", ",", "turned", "to", "a", "stone", "in", "the", "pool", ".", "An", "altern", "ative", "expl", "an", "ation", "of", "the", "name", "R", "ama", "Ro", "a", ",", "is", "“", "Long", "Light", ",", "”", "as", "the", "s", "un", "sometimes", "ca", "uses", "it", "to", "sh", "im", "mer", "with", "light", ".", "O", "pal", "was", "named", "for", "its", "clear", ",", "p", "ale", "-", "blue", "water", "and", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "for", "its", "small", ",", "d", "iam", "ond", "-", "like", "cr", "y", "st", "als", ".", "At", "O", "pal", ",", "after", "the", "bridge", "was", "built", "over", "look", "ing", "the", "pool", ",", "chang", "ing", "room", "s", ",", "con", "cre", "te", "step", "s", "and", "a", "wall", "between", "O", "pal", "and", "the", "river", ",", "were", "added", ".", "Ac", "comm", "od", "ation", "was", "built", "in", "1923", ".", "In", "1925", "O", "pal", "was", "dou", "b", "led", "in", "length", "to", "x", ",", "lin", "ed", "with", "con", "cre", "te", "and", "ex", "tra", "chang", "ing", "room", "s", "added", ".", "A", "s", "ample", "at", "Ok", "au", "ia", "in", "1994", "meas", "ured", "a", "temper", "ature", "of", "and", "a", "higher", "level", "of", "b", "ic", "ar", "bon", "ate", "than", "most", "s", "pr", "ings", ".", "William", "Ow", "en", "Gar", "land", "developed", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "S", "pr", "ings", "from", "1916", ".", "The", "river", "was", "dam", "med", "and", "a", "rect", "ang", "ular", "pool", "du", "g", "out", ".", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "was", "con", "cre", "ted", "and", "extended", "in", "1929", ",", "when", "a", "report", "said", "fill", "ed", "the", "pool", "in", "2", "h", "45", "m", ",", "equ", "ival", "ent", "to", "about", "per", "minute", ".", "In", "1959", "the", "flow", "was", "reported", "as", "about", "/", "min", "higher", ".", "In", "1968", "4", "cases", "of", "men", "ing", "it", "is", "were", "contract", "ed", "after", "sw", "im", "ming", "at", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "S", "pr", "ings", ",", "so", "the", "public", "pool", "was", "closed", ",", "as", "it", "was", "after", "other", "cases", "in", "1971", "and", "1978", ".", "The", "pool", "s", "were", "re", "built", "and", "opened", "for", "b", "ath", "ing", "of", "h", "ors", "es", "and", "g", "rey", "h", "ound", "s", ".", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "S", "pr", "ings", "are", "now", "used", "by", "Y", "outh", "With", "A", "M", "ission", ".", "See", "also", "List", "of", "towns", "in", "New", "Zealand", "References", "External", "links", "Ph", "oto", "s", "-", "1910", "s", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "S", "pr", "ings", "1920", "s", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "S", "pr", "ings", ",", "ten", "nis", "cour", "ts", "and", "W", "ai", "h", "ou", "River", "O", "pal", "Spring", ",", "Ram", "ar", "o", "a", "1950s", "d", "iving", "platform", "at", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "S", "pr", "ings", "and", "O", "pal", "S", "pr", "ings", "1962", "C", "ry", "st", "al", "S", "pr", "ings", "pool", "Populated", "places", "in", "W", "a", "ik", "ato", "Mat", "am", "ata", "-", "P", "ia", "ko", "District", "Hot", "s", "pr", "ings", "of", "New", "Zealand" ]
[ 28181, 24786, 24677, 24593, 69, 28971, 29177, 24596, 26248, 25616, 26376, 24595, 27118, 24611, 25591, 16, 24581, 24585, 59, 69, 25054, 26910, 26436, 24595, 24871, 26692, 11, 87, 25386, 26553, 18, 24627, 24871, 26692, 28639, 24618, 27718, 24794, 24596, 25503, 28516, 29955, 69, 27301, 24626, 24595, 6, 25468, 24595, 29099, 24580, 25483, 24588, 24584, 69, 24606, 24958, 6, 24618, 299, 79, 24786, 24677, 18, 25650, 24686, 27780, 87, 24666, 24939, 24584, 25379, 25870, 24737, 24595, 24585, 59, 25257, 76, 24603, 25910, 18, 51, 28347, 24593, 24584, 24585, 25820, 27237, 24596, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 16, 24586, 24698, 25064, 24606, 24591, 16, 24584, 24585, 26376, 18, 59, 24911, 24671, 28839, 87, 16, 24585, 27794, 25801, 26536, 24581, 24585, 25386, 26553, 16, 24593, 25248, 27604, 24595, 28181, 24786, 24677, 18, 24829, 25299, 24627, 25450, 27029, 25151, 25748, 25299, 29246, 24712, 24651, 24585, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 44, 24581, 24582, 24822, 77, 77, 91, 77, 30, 44, 24581, 24582, 24822, 77, 29884, 24646, 29152, 24829, 25299, 24593, 29246, 24712, 24651, 24585, 29608, 330, 24595, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 54, 24822, 77, 16, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 28118, 24654, 24822, 83, 16, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 29884, 24646, 29152, 24596, 57, 25356, 83, 56, 24822, 25591, 18, 28118, 24654, 24822, 83, 24829, 25299, 24593, 29246, 24712, 24651, 24585, 29608, 330, 24595, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 54, 24822, 77, 16, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 28118, 24654, 24822, 83, 24596, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 29884, 24646, 29152, 18, 25431, 299, 76, 224, 79, 266, 24829, 25299, 24593, 29246, 24712, 24651, 24585, 29608, 330, 24595, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 47, 27088, 16, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 25431, 54, 77, 26229, 16, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 28554, 25882, 27587, 24596, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 25067, 24700, 25614, 25566, 24592, 24822, 77, 18, 28688, 25763, 25748, 25299, 16, 56, 24822, 25591, 24829, 25299, 16, 24593, 29246, 24712, 24651, 24585, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 54, 24786, 79, 27539, 77, 91, 77, 24596, 24783, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 44, 24581, 24582, 24822, 77, 29608, 330, 18, 24657, 25336, 25642, 16, 24585, 27030, 28573, 24826, 8, 21, 16, 25306, 29, 16, 27011, 22, 24672, 24585, 26475, 29556, 43, 25032, 24580, 42, 25324, 24601, 24772, 28909, 56, 24822, 25591, 24829, 25299, 24596, 27, 24858, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 54, 24786, 79, 27539, 25748, 25299, 16, 24912, 25105, 24722, 28325, 87, 18, 25592, 24657, 25821, 29, 25150, 24590, 28181, 24786, 24677, 24625, 28887, 16, 29659, 24601, 42, 37, 25067, 25456, 26704, 24596, 27942, 24677, 76, 26088, 24580, 18, 24657, 25529, 26, 24585, 25621, 70, 26001, 24585, 28181, 24786, 24677, 26975, 24595, 26088, 24580, 11, 87, 27118, 24611, 25591, 29326, 16, 25016, 24585, 26934, 24618, 55, 26573, 24604, 25272, 25928, 87, 16, 24596, 26213, 87, 27176, 24598, 24601, 26304, 29068, 24581, 25529, 28, 18, 25805, 16, 24598, 24625, 82, 11, 88, 25359, 29527, 24682, 25066, 24595, 24585, 24775, 24625, 26846, 24772, 24596, 24585, 28181, 24786, 24677, 28768, 24885, 24625, 26674, 24594, 69, 25701, 18, 24627, 27780, 87, 24666, 24939, 24747, 24809, 24791, 24595, 24585, 29772, 18, 37, 25890, 26673, 26274, 24581, 25454, 26, 18, 37, 25228, 16, 24590, 24585, 26376, 24725, 24595, 28181, 24786, 24677, 55, 24666, 24939, 26329, 26274, 25551, 24581, 29974, 18, 24657, 28937, 25201, 24747, 26844, 84, 24772, 28502, 24596, 22, 26575, 24629, 18, 24596, 27216, 25142, 28303, 24596, 27267, 18, 26228, 29091, 25567, 25598, 25, 24596, 26, 84, 24772, 28502, 26003, 24601, 27118, 24611, 25591, 29096, 25626, 25262, 18, 24657, 27906, 69, 22, 17, 26491, 50, 25077, 25228, 26274, 16, 24590, 24585, 24725, 24595, 27322, 25722, 24594, 26329, 16, 25916, 24585, 28181, 24786, 24677, 25228, 25847, 18, 27910, 25228, 27216, 24581, 27178, 24596, 24585, 25847, 24625, 25804, 24601, 26179, 24915, 25262, 18, 24627, 28181, 24786, 24677, 26411, 16, 26274, 24581, 27802, 16, 24625, 25679, 24584, 24585, 25508, 24595, 24585, 24867, 28181, 24786, 24677, 25262, 29320, 84, 25301, 25467, 18, 37, 24912, 24611, 25527, 26274, 24581, 25336, 29974, 16, 24601, 24585, 26376, 16, 24584, 27213, 25431, 37, 24619, 26229, 26329, 18, 24805, 27216, 24581, 29292, 18, 24657, 28656, 28809, 24747, 25167, 24618, 69, 29489, 24727, 26266, 16, 25072, 24585, 24722, 17, 76, 26578, 16, 75, 26982, 27557, 12, 26274, 24581, 28606, 13, 25426, 24593, 18, 24627, 24824, 24990, 27727, 28240, 25429, 28841, 27655, 28747, 24862, 27080, 24601, 28181, 24786, 24677, 24581, 29184, 18, 37, 28467, 26274, 24581, 28786, 16, 24601, 24585, 25900, 16, 24584, 38, 24673, 24584, 26329, 18, 24805, 24625, 27196, 24647, 24585, 25126, 28467, 16, 25150, 69, 79, 24608, 26544, 24600, 26376, 24595, 24585, 87, 24666, 24939, 16, 25787, 28230, 18, 24627, 24818, 26555, 26836, 24585, 59, 25257, 76, 24603, 25910, 24625, 25679, 24618, 27942, 24677, 76, 26088, 24580, 18, 24805, 24625, 25903, 28394, 24601, 24581, 29424, 16, 24600, 27904, 24588, 24581, 28779, 24596, 27196, 24581, 27850, 18, 25431, 37, 24619, 26229, 26329, 24625, 28747, 25900, 24601, 28181, 24786, 24677, 24581, 29292, 18, 24950, 24599, 24604, 24618, 25283, 87, 24625, 26846, 24672, 24585, 27483, 24581, 24585, 27519, 87, 18, 24627, 25283, 24672, 27118, 24611, 25591, 24625, 24699, 24668, 28660, 24581, 28937, 18, 24805, 24625, 24620, 27526, 24581, 28957, 18, 37, 25545, 24672, 27118, 24611, 25591, 24601, 24585, 87, 24666, 24939, 25623, 24581, 29184, 24596, 24625, 26043, 27831, 24581, 28398, 18, 28418, 25245, 25509, 24747, 29122, 24672, 24585, 27483, 16, 25165, 24682, 24647, 29184, 69, 26703, 25803, 26067, 28181, 24786, 24677, 18, 24627, 27483, 27962, 28181, 24786, 24677, 24593, 82, 11, 88, 28517, 24588, 24647, 25494, 24639, 26904, 24589, 16, 24835, 24593, 25426, 27857, 25030, 18, 25961, 27367, 24930, 28181, 24786, 24677, 29177, 24593, 24581, 24907, 26863, 21, 25981, 24641, 24757, 26610, 16, 24763, 25445, 18, 24627, 26863, 21, 26610, 24686, 24791, 24595, 24585, 28537, 28181, 24786, 24677, 25981, 24641, 24757, 25450, 18, 28181, 24786, 24677, 24798, 69, 25755, 24595, 25402, 26, 24590, 24585, 25625, 24871, 26692, 27411, 16, 69, 24650, 24912, 24963, 24595, 26, 24941, 12, 5313, 21, 18, 29, 29336, 25570, 24585, 25578, 27411, 16, 24596, 24583, 28539, 24595, 28775, 24941, 12, 24623, 18, 20, 29336, 25570, 24585, 25562, 27411, 18, 25650, 24747, 25267, 21, 28751, 16, 24665, 24666, 26388, 25009, 25, 81, 25544, 24596, 25129, 24, 29362, 16, 29104, 69, 26569, 28270, 24860, 24595, 21, 18, 25018, 81, 25544, 24726, 26889, 16, 24651, 29332, 24941, 12, 25217, 18, 25, 29336, 26231, 25016, 25018, 25100, 16, 26366, 12, 24617, 18, 26, 29336, 26231, 25018, 24601, 25633, 16, 25143, 25, 12, 27173, 18, 21, 29336, 26231, 25402, 24601, 27649, 16, 24596, 28234, 12, 25143, 18, 27, 29336, 26231, 27005, 24586, 28002, 18, 29538, 28487, 25082, 24747, 28719, 18, 24, 9, 26085, 19, 52, 224, 24801, 76, 224, 16, 24722, 18, 26, 9, 49, 224, 29944, 16, 23, 18, 29, 9, 27726, 24678, 24644, 24928, 16, 25, 18, 29, 9, 27571, 16, 24596, 21, 18, 20, 9, 24858, 27809, 28487, 25082, 18, 25687, 25345, 25063, 27877, 24651, 25060, 25208, 24748, 27809, 28487, 24683, 18, 27238, 25191, 24941, 24872, 24620, 24809, 24601, 24841, 91, 24582, 24585, 27411, 11, 87, 27243, 24602, 25150, 28104, 29246, 24626, 16, 27173, 18, 21, 9, 24798, 25159, 27024, 24602, 16, 27562, 18, 21, 9, 24747, 26635, 16, 22, 18, 29, 9, 24798, 49, 224, 29944, 28104, 25466, 25564, 87, 24596, 21, 18, 20, 9, 24798, 24858, 27024, 24921, 18, 28119, 26055, 24590, 27306, 25018, 25100, 24867, 16, 26688, 12, 25129, 18, 21, 29336, 24941, 24798, 69, 29129, 25280, 24586, 11, 87, 24586, 27933, 27261, 16, 24596, 26691, 12, 24617, 18, 22, 29336, 24941, 24798, 25159, 24839, 24591, 26597, 25144, 24833, 18, 26688, 24941, 12, 25129, 18, 21, 29336, 28256, 24752, 8, 26921, 16, 25348, 29402, 24601, 24940, 18, 22, 9, 25743, 24633, 18, 24627, 26632, 24718, 28259, 24595, 26055, 24590, 27306, 25018, 24625, 24682, 25143, 22, 12, 28261, 18, 24, 29336, 24941, 24747, 26632, 24588, 26453, 17, 24978, 16, 26691, 12, 24617, 18, 22, 29336, 24747, 24791, 17, 24978, 16, 24596, 29, 12, 23, 18, 28, 29336, 24747, 24631, 26632, 24588, 18, 28181, 24786, 24677, 25981, 24641, 24757, 25450, 28181, 24786, 24677, 25981, 24641, 24757, 25450, 71, 27284, 24596, 24798, 24583, 29452, 25755, 24595, 24594, 24595, 24651, 69, 25755, 29949, 24595, 24941, 24726, 26020, 22, 18, 28181, 24786, 24677, 25981, 24641, 24757, 25450, 24798, 69, 25755, 24595, 21, 16, 20, 28368, 24590, 24585, 25625, 24871, 26692, 27411, 16, 24583, 28539, 24595, 28883, 24941, 12, 27, 18, 21, 29336, 25570, 24585, 25578, 27411, 16, 24596, 24583, 28539, 24595, 29381, 24941, 12, 25009, 18, 28, 29336, 25570, 24585, 25562, 27411, 18, 25650, 24747, 26780, 28, 28751, 16, 24665, 24666, 26388, 25, 26780, 81, 25544, 24596, 25681, 24, 29362, 16, 29104, 69, 26569, 28270, 24860, 24595, 21, 18, 29846, 81, 25544, 24726, 26889, 18, 24627, 29547, 24754, 24625, 26780, 18, 24, 25100, 12, 29402, 24651, 26780, 18, 24, 25100, 25743, 24633, 24758, 24651, 25217, 21, 24941, 12, 25127, 18, 22, 29336, 26231, 25016, 25018, 25100, 16, 22, 24975, 12, 24623, 18, 22, 29336, 26231, 25018, 24601, 25633, 16, 27562, 21, 12, 26691, 18, 22, 29336, 26231, 25402, 24601, 27649, 16, 24596, 25074, 29, 12, 25074, 18, 24, 29336, 26231, 27005, 24586, 28002, 18, 29538, 28487, 25082, 24747, 29218, 18, 20, 9, 26085, 19, 52, 224, 24801, 76, 224, 16, 25143, 18, 28, 9, 49, 224, 29944, 16, 22, 18, 20, 9, 27726, 24678, 24644, 24928, 16, 24, 18, 29, 9, 27571, 16, 24596, 21, 18, 27, 9, 24858, 27809, 28487, 25082, 18, 25687, 25345, 25063, 27877, 24651, 25060, 25208, 24748, 27809, 28487, 24683, 18, 24627, 28389, 24754, 24595, 24941, 25049, 24752, 24620, 24594, 24625, 25009, 18, 24, 16, 29402, 24651, 25563, 18, 21, 9, 25743, 24633, 18, 27238, 25191, 24941, 24872, 24620, 24809, 24601, 24841, 91, 24582, 24585, 27411, 11, 87, 27243, 24602, 25150, 28104, 29246, 24626, 16, 28775, 18, 20, 9, 24798, 25159, 27024, 24602, 16, 27011, 18, 22, 9, 24747, 26635, 16, 21, 18, 22, 9, 24798, 49, 224, 29944, 28104, 25466, 25564, 87, 16, 20, 18, 26, 9, 24747, 44, 25959, 16, 20, 18, 29, 9, 24747, 28785, 16, 20, 18, 23, 9, 24747, 29580, 76, 24641, 24596, 21, 18, 22, 9, 24798, 24858, 27024, 24921, 18, 28119, 26055, 24590, 27306, 25018, 25100, 24867, 16, 24975, 25, 12, 25143, 18, 20, 29336, 24941, 24798, 69, 29129, 25280, 24586, 11, 87, 24586, 27933, 27261, 16, 24596, 25009, 25, 12, 24623, 18, 24, 29336, 24941, 24798, 25159, 24839, 24591, 26597, 25144, 24833, 18, 24627, 29547, 28255, 24625, 8, 26865, 16, 29254, 16, 29402, 24651, 8, 26156, 16, 28, 24799, 25743, 24633, 18, 29381, 24941, 12, 24722, 18, 25, 29336, 28256, 24752, 8, 26921, 16, 25348, 29402, 24601, 24940, 18, 22, 9, 25743, 24633, 18, 24627, 26632, 24718, 28259, 24595, 26055, 24590, 27306, 25018, 24625, 24682, 24, 27005, 12, 28183, 18, 24, 29336, 24941, 24747, 26632, 24588, 26453, 17, 24978, 16, 25143, 28, 12, 24940, 18, 20, 29336, 24747, 24791, 17, 24978, 16, 24596, 25004, 12, 22, 18, 26, 29336, 24747, 24631, 26632, 24588, 18, 27545, 87, 24666, 24939, 28181, 24786, 24677, 55, 24666, 24939, 24747, 24791, 24595, 24585, 24721, 24858, 26986, 26191, 24728, 69, 24595, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 44, 24581, 24582, 24822, 77, 16, 24835, 24647, 25668, 20, 28181, 24786, 24677, 25694, 18, 25, 28517, 16, 26189, 24599, 24585, 27303, 24592, 83, 69, 29421, 16, 24625, 26090, 25000, 27145, 24781, 26689, 16, 24651, 69, 24735, 27834, 29243, 25142, 24585, 28823, 24596, 24585, 77, 91, 77, 24682, 25002, 25803, 29135, 24601, 25043, 24598, 18, 25805, 16, 24647, 27519, 24585, 28517, 24798, 24948, 26090, 24601, 69, 24983, 28823, 16, 24596, 28673, 29102, 24601, 24585, 39, 25850, 16, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 44, 24581, 24582, 24822, 77, 24798, 24601, 27229, 24601, 25043, 24585, 29421, 18, 25275, 25013, 24601, 24858, 27780, 87, 24666, 24939, 25396, 24581, 69, 26473, 24968, 18, 37, 24650, 24588, 24595, 29177, 25142, 50, 75, 224, 27193, 44, 24581, 24582, 24822, 77, 24596, 24585, 39, 25850, 16, 25204, 86, 24676, 24599, 25191, 24595, 24585, 24631, 25871, 39, 25850, 27424, 16, 24625, 26477, 24584, 24, 25176, 25655, 18, 46, 18, 39, 18, 26088, 24580, 26274, 51, 28347, 12, 28181, 24786, 24677, 13, 24596, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 12, 52, 24654, 24966, 89, 24677, 13, 87, 24666, 24939, 18, 24627, 25967, 28278, 16, 27303, 24592, 83, 69, 16, 24625, 25533, 24942, 69, 24995, 28396, 16, 28481, 24601, 69, 27195, 24581, 24585, 28278, 18, 24800, 28246, 25077, 26153, 24583, 24626, 24595, 24585, 25364, 54, 25614, 25125, 69, 16, 24593, 5001, 27623, 28811, 16, 5002, 24594, 24585, 87, 24631, 27890, 25656, 26332, 24598, 24601, 24690, 24634, 24719, 24651, 26327, 18, 51, 28347, 24625, 25533, 24618, 24783, 27946, 16, 84, 24988, 17, 29365, 25801, 24596, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 24618, 24783, 25734, 16, 72, 25377, 25112, 17, 25692, 24810, 93, 24606, 24702, 18, 25197, 51, 28347, 16, 24942, 24585, 26555, 24625, 25679, 24752, 27416, 24599, 24585, 28278, 16, 26092, 24599, 26491, 87, 16, 24652, 24912, 24680, 28111, 87, 24596, 69, 27141, 25142, 51, 28347, 24596, 24585, 27483, 16, 24747, 27220, 18, 25275, 24898, 24694, 24626, 24625, 25679, 24581, 29184, 18, 24657, 29091, 51, 28347, 24625, 26987, 70, 25121, 24581, 27663, 24601, 92, 16, 24823, 24588, 24651, 24652, 24912, 24680, 24596, 24707, 26467, 26092, 24599, 26491, 87, 27220, 18, 37, 87, 26576, 24590, 28181, 24786, 24677, 24581, 26360, 27429, 25638, 69, 28595, 25690, 24595, 24596, 69, 27933, 25846, 24595, 70, 24597, 24592, 27291, 24688, 25208, 25066, 87, 24666, 24939, 18, 25643, 29440, 24587, 27399, 24775, 26656, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 55, 24666, 24939, 24672, 29255, 18, 24627, 27483, 24625, 26482, 24992, 24596, 69, 29470, 24822, 25119, 28278, 24749, 75, 24767, 18, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 24625, 24652, 24912, 24826, 24596, 28747, 24581, 28779, 16, 25091, 69, 27632, 25860, 28252, 24588, 24585, 28278, 24581, 22, 76, 26691, 81, 16, 25999, 25628, 24609, 24601, 25150, 24726, 29708, 18, 24657, 27889, 24585, 29520, 24625, 26674, 24594, 25150, 19, 24931, 27933, 18, 24657, 27178, 24, 27714, 24595, 25203, 24599, 24598, 24593, 24747, 26899, 24588, 24942, 26106, 24634, 26352, 24590, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 55, 24666, 24939, 16, 25165, 24585, 25242, 28278, 24625, 27216, 16, 24594, 24598, 24625, 24942, 24858, 27714, 24581, 27262, 24596, 27134, 18, 24627, 28278, 87, 24747, 24600, 25679, 24596, 26274, 24618, 70, 24851, 24599, 24595, 76, 24903, 24589, 24596, 75, 26806, 76, 24742, 87, 18, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 55, 24666, 24939, 24686, 25426, 25030, 24647, 61, 24953, 26137, 37, 49, 25439, 18, 25404, 24762, 25831, 24595, 29267, 24581, 24871, 26692, 24838, 25065, 25051, 25218, 25882, 87, 17, 28860, 87, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 55, 24666, 24939, 27519, 87, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 55, 24666, 24939, 16, 25026, 28943, 25524, 24704, 24596, 59, 25257, 76, 24603, 25910, 51, 28347, 29000, 16, 27303, 24592, 83, 69, 29552, 72, 25113, 29476, 24590, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 55, 24666, 24939, 24596, 51, 28347, 55, 24666, 24939, 27693, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 55, 24666, 24939, 28278, 29189, 26872, 24581, 59, 69, 25054, 26910, 27118, 24611, 25591, 17, 52, 24677, 27587, 25730, 27545, 87, 24666, 24939, 24595, 24871, 26692 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
72733122
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefania%20Kossowska
Stefania Kossowska
Stefania Kossowska, née Szurlej (23 September 1909, Lwów - 15 September 2003, London) was a Polish literary editor, political activist, writer and broadcaster. Early life Her father was a noted lawyer, Stanisław Szurlej, and her mother, Jadwiga Ciepielowska, was of Polish Jewish descent. The family moved from her native Lwów in Galicia, (now Lviv in Ukraine) to Warsaw in 1920. There, she attended secondary school and began studies for a law degree at the University of Warsaw. She began her writing career while a student contributing to a women's review, "Bluszcz”. Later her journalism encompassed titles such as, the Warsaw evening paper, Wieczór Warszawski, ABC and Prosto z mostu. Career Before the war she made a brief excursion to Italy, as a press correspondent and there in Sicily, she met Polish artist, Adam Kossowski. They married in the autumn of 1938. Following the 1939 invasion of Poland, she slipped out of the country, with her parents, through the so-called "green border" into Romania and on to France, to await her husband who was detained in Poland. With France soon occupied by German forces, she moved to the United Kingdom, as an official of the Polish government-in-exile. From 1940 onwards she became a contributor to London and Paris-based publications, among them, Wiadomości Polskie, Polityczne i Literackie, ”Biuletyn Światpolu”, The Polish Daily, "Polska Walcząca”, writing regular commentary and sketches. She also worked for the Polish section, BBC Radio. She was separated from her husband by the war and did not see him for four years. He had fled eastwards in Poland, was arrested by Soviet troops and survived the gulag. He did not reach the West until 1943, with Anders' Army, and was subsequently reunited with his wife in London. Between 1953 and 1981 Kossowska was increasingly involved with the editing of the weekly, Wiadomości, and contributing the "News from London" column, under the pseudonym, Big Ben. In 1973 she became the paper's editor-in-chief. Between 1954 and 1993 she contributed to Radio Free Europe. She was a signatory of the petition of protest against constitutional changes in Poland, known as the Letter of 59. From 1956 to 1992 she was a member of the Union of Polish Writers Abroad (Związek Pisarzy Polskich na Obczyźnie). In the 1980s she was a cultural adviser to the Polish Cultural Foundation (1950), Polska Fundacja Kulturalna in London. In 1994 she donated the Wiadomści archives to the Library of the University of Torun. She was the custodian of her late husband's artistic legacy and editor and author of several books. Personal life She was widowed in 1986. Her own death followed in 2003. She was buried next to her husband, Adam, in the grounds of Aylesford Priory, Kent. Awards Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (1980) Alfred Jurzykowski Foundation Prize (1980) Zygmunt Hertz Literary Prize under the auspices of Paris-based Kultura (1992) Commander's Cross with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta ( November 1994) Selected writings Mieszkam w Londynie - (I live in London) (1964) „Wiadomości” na emigracji - (News from Exile) (1968) Jak cię widzę tak cię piszę - ( As I see you, so I write you) (1973) Adam Kossowski: Murals and Paintings with contributions by Benedict Read, Tadeusz Chrzanowski, Martin Sankey, Adam Kossowski, Tymon Terlecki, and Andrew Borkowski. London: Armelle Press, 1990. editor, Galeria przodków. Sylwetki emigracyjne - (Gallery of Ancestors, Sketches of Exiles) (1991) Od Herberta do Herberta. O nagrodzie „Wiadomości” 1958-1990 - (From Herbert to Herbert. About the „Wiadomości” Prize 1958-1990) (1993) "Interview with Dr. Andrzej Ciechanowiecki" in Kultura (1993) Przyjaciele i znajomi - (Friends and Acquaintances) (1998). Definicja szczęścia. Listy do Anny Frajlich 1972-2003 - (A definition of Happiness: Letters to Anna Frajlich) References External Links https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352009671_Kontrowersyjna_i_niezalezna_postac_kultury_polskiej_na_emigracji_-_dziennikarka_pisarka_redaktor_Stefania_Kossowska 1909 births 2003 deaths Journalists from Warsaw People from Lviv People from Warsaw 20th-century Polish writers 20th-century Polish women writers 20th-century essayists 20th-century memoirists Polish emigrants to the United Kingdom Polish expatriates in the United Kingdom Polish anti-communists Polish columnists Polish essayists Polish political writers Polish people of World War II Polish women essayists Polish people of Jewish descent Polish women writers Polish memoirists Polish opinion journalists BBC newsreaders and journalists BBC World Service people Polish radio journalists People associated with the magazine "Kultura" Recipients of the Order of Polonia Restituta Burials in Kent
[ "Ste", "fan", "ia", "K", "oss", "ow", "sk", "a", ",", "n", "ée", "S", "z", "ur", "le", "j", "(", "23", "September", "1909", ",", "L", "w", "ó", "w", "-", "15", "September", "2003", ",", "London", ")", "was", "a", "Polish", "liter", "ary", "editor", ",", "political", "activ", "ist", ",", "writer", "and", "broad", "c", "aster", ".", "Early", "life", "Her", "father", "was", "a", "noted", "law", "yer", ",", "Stan", "is", "ł", "aw", "S", "z", "ur", "le", "j", ",", "and", "her", "mother", ",", "J", "ad", "w", "iga", "C", "ie", "p", "iel", "ow", "sk", "a", ",", "was", "of", "Polish", "Jewish", "descent", ".", "The", "family", "moved", "from", "her", "native", "L", "w", "ó", "w", "in", "Gal", "ic", "ia", ",", "(", "now", "L", "v", "iv", "in", "Ukraine", ")", "to", "War", "saw", "in", "1920", ".", "There", ",", "she", "attended", "secondary", "school", "and", "began", "studies", "for", "a", "law", "degree", "at", "the", "University", "of", "War", "saw", ".", "She", "began", "her", "writing", "career", "while", "a", "student", "contribut", "ing", "to", "a", "women", "'", "s", "review", ",", "\"", "Bl", "us", "z", "c", "z", "”", ".", "Later", "her", "journal", "ism", "en", "comp", "ass", "ed", "titles", "such", "as", ",", "the", "War", "saw", "even", "ing", "paper", ",", "W", "ie", "c", "z", "ó", "r", "War", "s", "z", "aw", "ski", ",", "A", "BC", "and", "Pro", "sto", "z", "most", "u", ".", "Career", "Before", "the", "war", "she", "made", "a", "brief", "ex", "cur", "s", "ion", "to", "Italy", ",", "as", "a", "press", "correspond", "ent", "and", "there", "in", "S", "ic", "ily", ",", "she", "met", "Polish", "artist", ",", "Adam", "K", "oss", "ow", "ski", ".", "They", "married", "in", "the", "aut", "umn", "of", "1938", ".", "Following", "the", "1939", "inv", "asion", "of", "Poland", ",", "she", "sl", "ip", "ped", "out", "of", "the", "country", ",", "with", "her", "parents", ",", "through", "the", "so", "-", "called", "\"", "green", "border", "\"", "into", "Roman", "ia", "and", "on", "to", "France", ",", "to", "awa", "it", "her", "husband", "who", "was", "det", "ained", "in", "Poland", ".", "With", "France", "soon", "occup", "ied", "by", "German", "forces", ",", "she", "moved", "to", "the", "United", "Kingdom", ",", "as", "an", "official", "of", "the", "Polish", "government", "-", "in", "-", "ex", "ile", ".", "From", "1940", "on", "wards", "she", "became", "a", "contribut", "or", "to", "London", "and", "Paris", "-", "based", "public", "ations", ",", "among", "them", ",", "W", "i", "ad", "om", "o", "ś", "ci", "Pol", "sk", "ie", ",", "Pol", "ity", "c", "z", "ne", "i", "Liter", "ack", "ie", ",", "”", "Bi", "ule", "ty", "n", "Ś", "w", "iat", "pol", "u", "”", ",", "The", "Polish", "D", "aily", ",", "\"", "Pol", "sk", "a", "Wal", "c", "z", "ą", "ca", "”", ",", "writing", "regular", "comment", "ary", "and", "sk", "et", "ches", ".", "She", "also", "worked", "for", "the", "Polish", "section", ",", "BBC", "Radio", ".", "She", "was", "separ", "ated", "from", "her", "husband", "by", "the", "war", "and", "did", "not", "see", "him", "for", "four", "years", ".", "He", "had", "fl", "ed", "east", "wards", "in", "Poland", ",", "was", "arrested", "by", "Soviet", "troops", "and", "surv", "ived", "the", "g", "ul", "ag", ".", "He", "did", "not", "reach", "the", "West", "until", "1943", ",", "with", "And", "ers", "'", "Army", ",", "and", "was", "subsequently", "re", "un", "ited", "with", "his", "wife", "in", "London", ".", "Between", "1953", "and", "1981", "K", "oss", "ow", "sk", "a", "was", "increasing", "ly", "involved", "with", "the", "ed", "iting", "of", "the", "week", "ly", ",", "W", "i", "ad", "om", "o", "ś", "ci", ",", "and", "contribut", "ing", "the", "\"", "News", "from", "London", "\"", "column", ",", "under", "the", "p", "se", "ud", "onym", ",", "Big", "Ben", ".", "In", "1973", "she", "became", "the", "paper", "'", "s", "editor", "-", "in", "-", "chief", ".", "Between", "1954", "and", "1993", "she", "contribut", "ed", "to", "Radio", "Free", "Europe", ".", "She", "was", "a", "sign", "atory", "of", "the", "pet", "ition", "of", "protest", "against", "con", "stitut", "ional", "changes", "in", "Poland", ",", "known", "as", "the", "Let", "ter", "of", "59", ".", "From", "1956", "to", "1992", "she", "was", "a", "member", "of", "the", "Union", "of", "Polish", "Writ", "ers", "Ab", "road", "(", "Z", "w", "i", "ą", "z", "ek", "P", "is", "ar", "zy", "Pol", "sk", "ich", "na", "Ob", "c", "zy", "ź", "nie", ").", "In", "the", "1980s", "she", "was", "a", "cultural", "ad", "vis", "er", "to", "the", "Polish", "Cult", "ural", "Foundation", "(", "1950", "),", "Pol", "sk", "a", "F", "und", "ac", "ja", "K", "ult", "ural", "na", "in", "London", ".", "In", "1994", "she", "don", "ated", "the", "W", "i", "ad", "om", "ś", "ci", "arch", "ives", "to", "the", "Library", "of", "the", "University", "of", "Tor", "un", ".", "She", "was", "the", "cus", "to", "d", "ian", "of", "her", "late", "husband", "'", "s", "artist", "ic", "leg", "acy", "and", "editor", "and", "author", "of", "several", "books", ".", "Personal", "life", "She", "was", "wid", "ow", "ed", "in", "1986", ".", "Her", "own", "death", "followed", "in", "2003", ".", "She", "was", "buried", "next", "to", "her", "husband", ",", "Adam", ",", "in", "the", "ground", "s", "of", "A", "y", "les", "ford", "Pr", "i", "ory", ",", "Kent", ".", "Awards", "Offic", "er", "'", "s", "Cross", "of", "the", "Order", "of", "Pol", "onia", "R", "est", "it", "ut", "a", "(", "1980", ")", "Al", "fred", "J", "ur", "zy", "k", "ow", "ski", "Foundation", "Prize", "(", "1980", ")", "Z", "y", "g", "m", "unt", "Her", "t", "z", "Liter", "ary", "Prize", "under", "the", "a", "us", "p", "ices", "of", "Paris", "-", "based", "K", "ult", "ura", "(", "1992", ")", "Comm", "ander", "'", "s", "Cross", "with", "Star", "of", "the", "Order", "of", "Pol", "onia", "R", "est", "it", "ut", "a", "(", "November", "1994", ")", "Se", "lected", "writ", "ings", "M", "ies", "z", "k", "am", "w", "Lond", "yn", "ie", "-", "(", "I", "live", "in", "London", ")", "(", "1964", ")", "„", "W", "i", "ad", "om", "o", "ś", "ci", "”", "na", "em", "ig", "rac", "ji", "-", "(", "News", "from", "Ex", "ile", ")", "(", "1968", ")", "J", "ak", "ci", "ę", "wid", "z", "ę", "t", "ak", "ci", "ę", "p", "is", "z", "ę", "-", "(", "As", "I", "see", "you", ",", "so", "I", "writ", "e", "you", ")", "(", "1973", ")", "Adam", "K", "oss", "ow", "ski", ":", "Mur", "als", "and", "P", "aint", "ings", "with", "contribut", "ions", "by", "Ben", "ed", "ict", "Re", "ad", ",", "T", "ade", "us", "z", "Chr", "z", "an", "ow", "ski", ",", "Martin", "San", "key", ",", "Adam", "K", "oss", "ow", "ski", ",", "Ty", "mon", "Ter", "le", "ck", "i", ",", "and", "Andrew", "B", "ork", "ow", "ski", ".", "London", ":", "Ar", "mel", "le", "Press", ",", "1990", ".", "editor", ",", "Gal", "er", "ia", "pr", "z", "od", "k", "ó", "w", ".", "Sy", "l", "w", "et", "ki", "em", "ig", "rac", "y", "j", "ne", "-", "(", "Gallery", "of", "An", "c", "est", "ors", ",", "Sk", "et", "ches", "of", "Ex", "iles", ")", "(", "1991", ")", "O", "d", "Her", "bert", "a", "do", "Her", "bert", "a", ".", "O", "n", "ag", "ro", "d", "z", "ie", "„", "W", "i", "ad", "om", "o", "ś", "ci", "”", "1958", "-", "1990", "-", "(", "From", "Her", "bert", "to", "Her", "bert", ".", "Ab", "out", "the", "„", "W", "i", "ad", "om", "o", "ś", "ci", "”", "Prize", "1958", "-", "1990", ")", "(", "1993", ")", "\"", "Inter", "view", "with", "Dr", ".", "An", "dr", "ze", "j", "C", "ie", "chan", "ow", "ie", "ck", "i", "\"", "in", "K", "ult", "ura", "(", "1993", ")", "Pr", "zy", "j", "ac", "ie", "le", "i", "z", "n", "aj", "om", "i", "-", "(", "Fr", "iend", "s", "and", "Ac", "qu", "aint", "ances", ")", "(", "1998", ").", "De", "fin", "ic", "ja", "s", "z", "c", "z", "ę", "ś", "c", "ia", ".", "List", "y", "do", "An", "ny", "F", "ra", "j", "l", "ich", "1972", "-", "2003", "-", "(", "A", "defin", "ition", "of", "H", "app", "iness", ":", "Let", "ters", "to", "An", "na", "F", "ra", "j", "l", "ich", ")", "References", "External", "Lin", "ks", "htt", "ps", "://", "www", ".", "research", "gate", ".", "net", "/", "public", "ation", "/", "35", "2009", "67", "1", "_", "K", "ont", "row", "ers", "y", "j", "na", "_", "i", "_", "nie", "z", "ale", "z", "na", "_", "post", "ac", "_", "k", "ult", "ury", "_", "pol", "sk", "ie", "j", "_", "na", "_", "em", "ig", "rac", "ji", "_", "-", "_", "d", "z", "i", "enn", "ik", "ark", "a", "_", "p", "is", "ark", "a", "_", "red", "ak", "tor", "_", "Ste", "fan", "ia", "_", "K", "oss", "ow", "sk", "a", "1909", "births", "2003", "deaths", "Journal", "ists", "from", "War", "saw", "People", "from", "L", "v", "iv", "People", "from", "War", "saw", "20th", "-", "century", "Polish", "writers", "20th", "-", "century", "Polish", "women", "writers", "20th", "-", "century", "ess", "ay", "ists", "20th", "-", "century", "mem", "o", "ir", "ists", "Polish", "em", "igrants", "to", "the", "United", "Kingdom", "Polish", "ex", "patri", "ates", "in", "the", "United", "Kingdom", "Polish", "anti", "-", "commun", "ists", "Polish", "column", "ists", "Polish", "ess", "ay", "ists", "Polish", "political", "writers", "Polish", "people", "of", "World", "War", "II", "Polish", "women", "ess", "ay", "ists", "Polish", "people", "of", "Jewish", "descent", "Polish", "women", "writers", "Polish", "mem", "o", "ir", "ists", "Polish", "op", "in", "ion", "journal", "ists", "BBC", "news", "read", "ers", "and", "journal", "ists", "BBC", "World", "Service", "people", "Polish", "radio", "journal", "ists", "People", "associated", "with", "the", "magazine", "\"", "K", "ult", "ura", "\"", "Re", "cip", "ients", "of", "the", "Order", "of", "Pol", "onia", "R", "est", "it", "ut", "a", "Bur", "ials", "in", "Kent" ]
[ 25550, 26901, 24677, 47, 25646, 24639, 25252, 69, 16, 82, 28966, 55, 94, 24615, 24604, 78, 12, 25217, 25322, 29974, 16, 48, 91, 210, 91, 17, 25018, 25322, 25877, 16, 25712, 13, 24625, 69, 27805, 26856, 24713, 27799, 16, 26244, 25913, 24641, 16, 26408, 24596, 26461, 71, 25666, 18, 26580, 25372, 25503, 25919, 24625, 69, 27869, 25539, 27737, 16, 28020, 24593, 289, 24766, 55, 94, 24615, 24604, 78, 16, 24596, 24803, 26554, 16, 46, 24614, 91, 27601, 39, 24716, 84, 25025, 24639, 25252, 69, 16, 24625, 24595, 27805, 27536, 28341, 18, 24627, 25334, 25804, 24672, 24803, 28494, 48, 91, 210, 91, 24581, 27759, 24597, 24677, 16, 12, 25426, 48, 90, 24622, 24581, 29319, 13, 24601, 25209, 26960, 24581, 27519, 18, 25650, 16, 24971, 27446, 29604, 25228, 24596, 25623, 27754, 24618, 69, 25539, 27261, 24590, 24585, 25015, 24595, 25209, 26960, 18, 25079, 25623, 24803, 27281, 25513, 25293, 69, 28042, 27391, 24599, 24601, 69, 25522, 11, 87, 26526, 16, 6, 25241, 24640, 94, 71, 94, 5002, 18, 27618, 24803, 26946, 25284, 24587, 24770, 24732, 24588, 29151, 25221, 24594, 16, 24585, 25209, 26960, 26142, 24599, 28770, 16, 59, 24716, 71, 94, 210, 86, 25209, 87, 94, 24766, 27392, 16, 37, 25924, 24596, 25057, 27069, 94, 25066, 89, 18, 27033, 29399, 24585, 25573, 24971, 25167, 69, 28671, 24707, 25069, 87, 24602, 24601, 27086, 16, 24594, 69, 25415, 29581, 24609, 24596, 25201, 24581, 55, 24597, 25038, 16, 24971, 25547, 27805, 26719, 16, 28150, 47, 25646, 24639, 27392, 18, 25594, 26160, 24581, 24585, 26505, 25818, 24595, 28398, 18, 27560, 24585, 27906, 25212, 29965, 24595, 27813, 16, 24971, 25608, 24696, 25437, 24767, 24595, 24585, 26052, 16, 24651, 24803, 28224, 16, 25172, 24585, 25165, 17, 25446, 6, 28547, 28337, 6, 25000, 25957, 24677, 24596, 24584, 24601, 26024, 16, 24601, 27539, 24598, 24803, 27950, 24831, 24625, 26364, 26579, 24581, 27813, 18, 26137, 26024, 27778, 27358, 24837, 24647, 25583, 27087, 16, 24971, 25804, 24601, 24585, 24994, 26514, 16, 24594, 24583, 26550, 24595, 24585, 27805, 25621, 17, 24581, 17, 24707, 24890, 18, 26228, 27932, 24584, 26165, 24971, 25244, 69, 27391, 24586, 24601, 25712, 24596, 26833, 17, 25413, 25242, 24833, 16, 26134, 25154, 16, 59, 77, 24614, 24605, 83, 314, 28395, 25286, 25252, 24716, 16, 25286, 24683, 71, 94, 24687, 77, 29420, 24765, 24716, 16, 5002, 28354, 27914, 24819, 82, 313, 91, 29500, 24982, 89, 5002, 16, 24627, 27805, 40, 28391, 16, 6, 25286, 25252, 69, 26179, 71, 94, 228, 25656, 5002, 16, 27281, 26861, 28627, 24713, 24596, 25252, 24645, 26456, 18, 25079, 24762, 26245, 24618, 24585, 27805, 26975, 16, 28321, 27491, 18, 25079, 24625, 26916, 24712, 24672, 24803, 27950, 24647, 24585, 25573, 24596, 25671, 24809, 26068, 25047, 24618, 25253, 25100, 18, 24736, 24798, 24949, 24588, 26376, 26165, 24581, 27813, 16, 24625, 29834, 24647, 26955, 28563, 24596, 27295, 25199, 24585, 75, 24649, 24638, 18, 24736, 25671, 24809, 26067, 24585, 25526, 25359, 27896, 16, 24651, 25695, 24629, 11, 26040, 16, 24596, 24625, 28307, 24600, 24631, 24863, 24651, 24684, 26512, 24581, 25712, 18, 29887, 28158, 24596, 27073, 47, 25646, 24639, 25252, 69, 24625, 28978, 24633, 27186, 24651, 24585, 24588, 26740, 24595, 24585, 26546, 24633, 16, 59, 77, 24614, 24605, 83, 314, 28395, 16, 24596, 27391, 24599, 24585, 6, 27860, 24672, 25712, 6, 29634, 16, 25016, 24585, 84, 24620, 24711, 29062, 16, 27381, 26593, 18, 24657, 27227, 24971, 25244, 24585, 28770, 11, 87, 27799, 17, 24581, 17, 27430, 18, 29887, 28134, 24596, 26437, 24971, 27391, 24588, 24601, 27491, 29037, 25506, 18, 25079, 24625, 69, 25314, 26920, 24595, 24585, 27418, 24793, 24595, 29102, 25296, 24652, 26566, 25183, 27922, 24581, 27813, 16, 25137, 24594, 24585, 28941, 24621, 24595, 28250, 18, 26228, 27850, 24601, 26362, 24971, 24625, 69, 25537, 24595, 24585, 26275, 24595, 27805, 28154, 24629, 25762, 25283, 12, 62, 91, 77, 228, 94, 25589, 52, 24593, 24592, 27953, 25286, 25252, 24708, 25901, 28418, 71, 27953, 345, 29946, 24874, 24657, 24585, 28210, 24971, 24625, 69, 28540, 24614, 25423, 24582, 24601, 24585, 27805, 27718, 25274, 28263, 12, 27966, 24758, 25286, 25252, 69, 42, 25324, 24616, 28267, 47, 24886, 25274, 25901, 24581, 25712, 18, 24657, 26360, 24971, 26733, 24712, 24585, 59, 77, 24614, 24605, 314, 28395, 25340, 25330, 24601, 24585, 28036, 24595, 24585, 25015, 24595, 26621, 24631, 18, 25079, 24625, 24585, 26722, 24601, 72, 24669, 24595, 24803, 26075, 27950, 11, 87, 26719, 24597, 25247, 26389, 24596, 27799, 24596, 25931, 24595, 25548, 26816, 18, 28172, 25372, 25079, 24625, 26942, 24639, 24588, 24581, 26801, 18, 25503, 24781, 25303, 27031, 24581, 25877, 18, 25079, 24625, 29656, 26315, 24601, 24803, 27950, 16, 28150, 16, 24581, 24585, 25479, 87, 24595, 37, 93, 24928, 25579, 24891, 77, 24817, 16, 27812, 18, 26518, 26595, 24582, 11, 87, 27723, 24595, 24585, 26947, 24595, 25286, 28830, 54, 24655, 24598, 24660, 69, 12, 26890, 13, 24788, 29623, 46, 24615, 27953, 79, 24639, 27392, 28263, 28596, 12, 26890, 13, 62, 93, 75, 81, 25168, 25503, 88, 94, 29420, 24713, 28596, 25016, 24585, 69, 24640, 84, 25511, 24595, 26833, 17, 25413, 47, 24886, 27088, 12, 26362, 13, 25258, 26027, 11, 87, 27723, 24651, 26966, 24595, 24585, 26947, 24595, 25286, 28830, 54, 24655, 24598, 24660, 69, 12, 25406, 26360, 13, 24779, 26342, 25088, 24939, 49, 24675, 94, 79, 24611, 91, 25699, 25828, 24716, 17, 12, 45, 26622, 24581, 25712, 13, 12, 27413, 13, 5003, 59, 77, 24614, 24605, 83, 314, 28395, 5002, 25901, 24635, 24628, 26013, 28529, 17, 12, 27860, 24672, 24889, 24890, 13, 12, 27178, 13, 46, 24700, 28395, 248, 26942, 94, 248, 88, 24700, 28395, 248, 84, 24593, 94, 248, 17, 12, 24906, 45, 26068, 27065, 16, 25165, 45, 25088, 73, 27065, 13, 12, 27227, 13, 28150, 47, 25646, 24639, 27392, 30, 27017, 24702, 24596, 52, 26336, 24939, 24651, 27391, 24921, 24647, 26593, 24588, 24847, 24693, 24614, 16, 56, 24899, 24640, 94, 25355, 94, 24583, 24639, 27392, 16, 27402, 25740, 25597, 16, 28150, 47, 25646, 24639, 27392, 16, 27421, 24981, 26372, 24604, 25188, 77, 16, 24596, 28269, 38, 25234, 24639, 27392, 18, 25712, 30, 24780, 28266, 24604, 26647, 16, 26490, 18, 27799, 16, 27759, 24582, 24677, 24666, 94, 24694, 79, 210, 91, 18, 25558, 80, 91, 24645, 27508, 24635, 24628, 26013, 93, 78, 24687, 17, 12, 28332, 24595, 24800, 71, 24655, 24903, 16, 26529, 24645, 26456, 24595, 24889, 26448, 13, 12, 26487, 13, 51, 72, 25503, 25493, 69, 25161, 25503, 25493, 69, 18, 51, 82, 24638, 24619, 72, 94, 24716, 5003, 59, 77, 24614, 24605, 83, 314, 28395, 5002, 27876, 17, 26490, 17, 12, 26228, 25503, 25493, 24601, 25503, 25493, 18, 25762, 24767, 24585, 5003, 59, 77, 24614, 24605, 83, 314, 28395, 5002, 28596, 27876, 17, 26490, 13, 12, 26437, 13, 6, 26620, 25276, 24651, 25471, 18, 24800, 24815, 25852, 78, 39, 24716, 25778, 24639, 24716, 25188, 77, 6, 24581, 47, 24886, 27088, 12, 26437, 13, 24891, 27953, 78, 24616, 24716, 24604, 77, 94, 82, 25075, 24605, 77, 17, 12, 24974, 25941, 87, 24596, 25275, 24715, 26336, 26612, 13, 12, 26167, 24874, 24821, 24943, 24597, 28267, 87, 94, 71, 94, 248, 314, 71, 24677, 18, 25831, 93, 25161, 24800, 27091, 42, 24840, 78, 80, 24708, 27071, 17, 25877, 17, 12, 37, 27347, 24793, 24595, 44, 26212, 25674, 30, 28941, 24998, 24601, 24800, 25901, 42, 24840, 78, 80, 24708, 13, 24838, 25065, 27537, 24737, 28760, 25909, 28765, 29880, 18, 26184, 29778, 18, 26056, 19, 25242, 24626, 19, 26400, 25531, 29084, 21, 67, 47, 25349, 25032, 24629, 93, 78, 25901, 67, 77, 67, 29946, 94, 24988, 94, 25901, 67, 25890, 24616, 67, 79, 24886, 24960, 67, 24982, 25252, 24716, 78, 67, 25901, 67, 24635, 24628, 26013, 28529, 67, 17, 67, 72, 94, 77, 25187, 25054, 24944, 69, 67, 84, 24593, 24944, 69, 67, 25204, 24700, 27660, 67, 25550, 26901, 24677, 67, 47, 25646, 24639, 25252, 69, 29974, 25393, 25877, 25989, 27967, 25006, 24672, 25209, 26960, 25687, 24672, 48, 90, 24622, 25687, 24672, 25209, 26960, 26025, 17, 25087, 27805, 26820, 26025, 17, 25087, 27805, 25522, 26820, 26025, 17, 25087, 24676, 24632, 25006, 26025, 17, 25087, 28413, 83, 24624, 25006, 27805, 24635, 29563, 24601, 24585, 24994, 26514, 27805, 24707, 26669, 24855, 24581, 24585, 24994, 26514, 27805, 26907, 17, 25480, 25006, 27805, 29634, 25006, 27805, 24676, 24632, 25006, 27805, 26244, 26820, 27805, 24941, 24595, 25166, 25209, 25205, 27805, 25522, 24676, 24632, 25006, 27805, 24941, 24595, 27536, 28341, 27805, 25522, 26820, 27805, 28413, 83, 24624, 25006, 27805, 24644, 24581, 24602, 26946, 25006, 28321, 27988, 25483, 24629, 24596, 26946, 25006, 28321, 25166, 27349, 24941, 27805, 26879, 26946, 25006, 25687, 27948, 24651, 24585, 27710, 6, 47, 24886, 27088, 6, 24693, 29760, 27434, 24595, 24585, 26947, 24595, 25286, 28830, 54, 24655, 24598, 24660, 69, 26343, 26254, 24581, 27812 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
28823060
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gino%20Clara
Gino Clara
Gino Agustín Clara (born 26 May 1988) is an Argentine football forward who plays for US Agropoli in Italy. Club career Huracán Born in Avellaneda, Clara joined Huracán's youth ranks as a child, and was promoted to the first team in 2009 to play the Apertura tournament of that year. He made his professional debut on 23 August 2009 in a 2–1 defeat against Lanús, as a half time substitute for Gastón Esmerado. In the 90th minute of that game he received a yellow card. During the 2010 Clausura, Clara was featured in the bench consecutively for the 6th and 7th matchdays. He had his first start for Huracán in the next game, against Tigre. On 19 March 2010, Clara scored his first professional goal for in a 2–0 victory against Chacarita Juniors. His second goal for the club came on 6 April, scoring the only goal of the game against Arsenal de Sarandí. Chile His good performances in Huracán earned the interest of some Argentine clubs. However, after a contract conflict with Huracán, he accepted an offer from Chilean Primera División side Unión San Felipe, that immediately loaned him to Chilean club Colo-Colo. On 19 August, Clara was presented as new player of the team alongside the club's president Guillermo Mackenna, with the number 30 shirt. In his presentation, Clara said:"I am a young player who can play down the right wing, I am quick and I love to take people on." He debuted for Colo-Colo in a 2–0 victory over Everton at Estadio Sausalito as a 74th-minute substitute for Javier Cámpora. On 7 November 2010, Clara made his first start for the club in the Chilean derby, against Universidad de Chile, where he was replaced by Ezequiel Miralles in the 63rd minute. After 6 months in Colo-Colo, Clara spent the first half of 2011 playing for Rangers, another Chilean club. Independiente After one year in Chile, the Argentine forward returned to his native country, joining Independiente. References External links Gino Clar on Agropoli's website 1988 births Living people Argentine men's footballers Colo-Colo footballers Rangers de Talca footballers Club Atlético Huracán footballers Club Atlético Independiente footballers Expatriate men's footballers in Chile Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Chile Men's association football forwards US Agropoli 1921 players Footballers from Avellaneda
[ "G", "ino", "Ag", "ust", "í", "n", "Cl", "ara", "(", "born", "26", "May", "1988", ")", "is", "an", "Argent", "ine", "football", "forward", "who", "plays", "for", "US", "Ag", "ro", "pol", "i", "in", "Italy", ".", "Club", "career", "Hur", "ac", "án", "Born", "in", "Av", "ell", "an", "ed", "a", ",", "Cl", "ara", "joined", "Hur", "ac", "án", "'", "s", "youth", "ran", "ks", "as", "a", "child", ",", "and", "was", "promoted", "to", "the", "first", "team", "in", "2009", "to", "play", "the", "A", "per", "t", "ura", "tournament", "of", "that", "year", ".", "He", "made", "his", "professional", "debut", "on", "23", "August", "2009", "in", "a", "2", "–", "1", "defeat", "against", "L", "an", "ú", "s", ",", "as", "a", "half", "time", "sub", "stitute", "for", "G", "ast", "ón", "Es", "mer", "ado", ".", "In", "the", "90", "th", "minute", "of", "that", "game", "he", "received", "a", "yellow", "card", ".", "During", "the", "2010", "Cl", "a", "us", "ura", ",", "Cl", "ara", "was", "featured", "in", "the", "b", "ench", "con", "secut", "ively", "for", "the", "6th", "and", "7th", "match", "days", ".", "He", "had", "his", "first", "start", "for", "Hur", "ac", "án", "in", "the", "next", "game", ",", "against", "T", "ig", "re", ".", "On", "19", "March", "2010", ",", "Cl", "ara", "scored", "his", "first", "professional", "goal", "for", "in", "a", "2", "–", "0", "victory", "against", "Ch", "ac", "ar", "ita", "Jun", "i", "ors", ".", "His", "second", "goal", "for", "the", "club", "came", "on", "6", "April", ",", "scoring", "the", "only", "goal", "of", "the", "game", "against", "Ar", "sen", "al", "de", "Sar", "and", "í", ".", "Chile", "His", "good", "performances", "in", "Hur", "ac", "án", "earned", "the", "interest", "of", "some", "Argent", "ine", "clubs", ".", "However", ",", "after", "a", "contract", "conflict", "with", "Hur", "ac", "án", ",", "he", "accepted", "an", "offer", "from", "Chile", "an", "Prim", "era", "Div", "is", "i", "ón", "side", "Un", "i", "ón", "San", "F", "el", "ipe", ",", "that", "immediately", "loan", "ed", "him", "to", "Chile", "an", "club", "Col", "o", "-", "Col", "o", ".", "On", "19", "August", ",", "Cl", "ara", "was", "presented", "as", "new", "player", "of", "the", "team", "alongside", "the", "club", "'", "s", "president", "Gu", "iller", "mo", "M", "ack", "enna", ",", "with", "the", "number", "30", "sh", "ir", "t", ".", "In", "his", "present", "ation", ",", "Cl", "ara", "said", ":", "\"", "I", "am", "a", "young", "player", "who", "can", "play", "down", "the", "right", "wing", ",", "I", "am", "quick", "and", "I", "love", "to", "take", "people", "on", ".\"", "He", "debut", "ed", "for", "Col", "o", "-", "Col", "o", "in", "a", "2", "–", "0", "victory", "over", "E", "ver", "ton", "at", "Est", "ad", "io", "Sa", "us", "al", "it", "o", "as", "a", "7", "4th", "-", "minute", "sub", "stitute", "for", "J", "av", "ier", "C", "á", "m", "por", "a", ".", "On", "7", "November", "2010", ",", "Cl", "ara", "made", "his", "first", "start", "for", "the", "club", "in", "the", "Chile", "an", "der", "by", ",", "against", "Univers", "id", "ad", "de", "Chile", ",", "where", "he", "was", "replaced", "by", "E", "ze", "qu", "iel", "Mir", "all", "es", "in", "the", "6", "3rd", "minute", ".", "After", "6", "months", "in", "Col", "o", "-", "Col", "o", ",", "Cl", "ara", "spent", "the", "first", "half", "of", "2011", "playing", "for", "R", "ang", "ers", ",", "another", "Chile", "an", "club", ".", "In", "depend", "ient", "e", "After", "one", "year", "in", "Chile", ",", "the", "Argent", "ine", "forward", "returned", "to", "his", "native", "country", ",", "join", "ing", "In", "depend", "ient", "e", ".", "References", "External", "links", "G", "ino", "Clar", "on", "Ag", "ro", "pol", "i", "'", "s", "website", "1988", "births", "Living", "people", "Argent", "ine", "men", "'", "s", "footballers", "Col", "o", "-", "Col", "o", "footballers", "R", "ang", "ers", "de", "Tal", "ca", "footballers", "Club", "Atl", "é", "t", "ico", "Hur", "ac", "án", "footballers", "Club", "Atl", "é", "t", "ico", "In", "depend", "ient", "e", "footballers", "Ex", "patriate", "men", "'", "s", "footballers", "in", "Chile", "Argent", "ine", "expatriate", "sportspeople", "in", "Chile", "Men", "'", "s", "association", "football", "for", "wards", "US", "Ag", "ro", "pol", "i", "1921", "players", "Football", "ers", "from", "Av", "ell", "an", "ed", "a" ]
[ 43, 26093, 26827, 24865, 204, 82, 25046, 25956, 12, 25049, 25552, 25176, 26637, 13, 24593, 24583, 27824, 24734, 25128, 28910, 24831, 27153, 24618, 25473, 26827, 24619, 24982, 77, 24581, 27086, 18, 26188, 25513, 29134, 24616, 27822, 29071, 24581, 28608, 24731, 24583, 24588, 69, 16, 25046, 25956, 26203, 29134, 24616, 27822, 11, 87, 28424, 24771, 24737, 24594, 69, 26881, 16, 24596, 24625, 28449, 24601, 24585, 24818, 25036, 24581, 25531, 24601, 24755, 24585, 37, 24726, 88, 27088, 27048, 24595, 24682, 24854, 18, 24736, 25167, 24684, 26350, 26097, 24584, 25217, 25313, 25531, 24581, 69, 22, 4992, 21, 28826, 25296, 48, 24583, 217, 87, 16, 24594, 69, 26202, 24978, 25097, 26217, 24618, 43, 24745, 27161, 27473, 24719, 26935, 18, 24657, 24585, 26866, 24580, 29708, 24595, 24682, 25436, 24607, 25774, 69, 29904, 27853, 18, 25867, 24585, 25449, 25046, 69, 24640, 27088, 16, 25046, 25956, 24625, 27104, 24581, 24585, 70, 25441, 24652, 28603, 26029, 24618, 24585, 29756, 24596, 29962, 25806, 26346, 18, 24736, 24798, 24684, 24818, 25457, 24618, 29134, 24616, 27822, 24581, 24585, 26315, 25436, 16, 25296, 56, 24628, 24600, 18, 24964, 24617, 25317, 25449, 16, 25046, 25956, 27116, 24684, 24818, 26350, 26891, 24618, 24581, 69, 22, 4992, 20, 27996, 25296, 24698, 24616, 24592, 27028, 27172, 77, 24903, 18, 25496, 25179, 26891, 24618, 24585, 25559, 26206, 24584, 26, 25381, 16, 29587, 24585, 25089, 26891, 24595, 24585, 25436, 25296, 24780, 25948, 24591, 24650, 27450, 24596, 204, 18, 29438, 25496, 26663, 29648, 24581, 29134, 24616, 27822, 28256, 24585, 27373, 24595, 25191, 27824, 24734, 28031, 18, 25805, 16, 24942, 69, 26899, 29998, 24651, 29134, 24616, 27822, 16, 24607, 29403, 24583, 26735, 24672, 29438, 24583, 28669, 26268, 29012, 24593, 77, 27161, 25615, 24739, 77, 27161, 25740, 42, 24613, 29559, 16, 24682, 29406, 29411, 24588, 25047, 24601, 29438, 24583, 25559, 24997, 83, 17, 24997, 83, 18, 24964, 24617, 25313, 16, 25046, 25956, 24625, 28290, 24594, 24983, 25811, 24595, 24585, 25036, 28698, 24585, 25559, 11, 87, 26270, 25409, 29964, 28225, 49, 24765, 29454, 16, 24651, 24585, 25387, 25402, 24690, 24624, 88, 18, 24657, 24684, 25126, 24626, 16, 25046, 25956, 25860, 30, 6, 45, 24611, 69, 26181, 25811, 24831, 24995, 24755, 25581, 24585, 25459, 27467, 16, 45, 24611, 28503, 24596, 45, 28043, 24601, 26294, 24941, 24584, 25215, 24736, 26097, 24588, 24618, 24997, 83, 17, 24997, 83, 24581, 69, 22, 4992, 20, 27996, 24752, 41, 24735, 24915, 24590, 29928, 24614, 24860, 28034, 24640, 24591, 24598, 83, 24594, 69, 27, 28328, 17, 29708, 25097, 26217, 24618, 46, 24668, 25092, 39, 192, 81, 24729, 69, 18, 24964, 27, 25406, 25449, 16, 25046, 25956, 25167, 24684, 24818, 25457, 24618, 24585, 25559, 24581, 24585, 29438, 24583, 24795, 24647, 16, 25296, 28194, 24630, 24614, 24650, 29438, 16, 25072, 24607, 24625, 27196, 24647, 41, 25852, 24715, 25025, 28445, 24663, 24589, 24581, 24585, 26, 27612, 29708, 18, 25302, 26, 26969, 24581, 24997, 83, 17, 24997, 83, 16, 25046, 25956, 27862, 24585, 24818, 26202, 24595, 25476, 26628, 24618, 54, 24822, 24629, 16, 26054, 29438, 24583, 25559, 18, 24657, 25836, 25397, 73, 25302, 24748, 24854, 24581, 29438, 16, 24585, 27824, 24734, 28910, 26355, 24601, 24684, 28494, 26052, 16, 27431, 24599, 24657, 25836, 25397, 73, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 43, 26093, 29474, 24584, 26827, 24619, 24982, 77, 11, 87, 26658, 26637, 25393, 25766, 24941, 27824, 24734, 25203, 11, 87, 26450, 24997, 83, 17, 24997, 83, 26450, 54, 24822, 24629, 24650, 28253, 25656, 26450, 26188, 26952, 200, 88, 25942, 29134, 24616, 27822, 26450, 26188, 26952, 200, 88, 25942, 24657, 25836, 25397, 73, 26450, 24889, 27127, 25203, 11, 87, 26450, 24581, 29438, 27824, 24734, 28262, 29744, 24581, 29438, 26385, 11, 87, 27304, 25128, 24618, 26165, 25473, 26827, 24619, 24982, 77, 29066, 25053, 26178, 24629, 24672, 28608, 24731, 24583, 24588, 69 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
63639035
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdi%20Haybe%20Lambad
Abdi Haybe Lambad
Abdi Haybe Lambad () is a veteran Somali comedian actor and one of the most noted comedians in Somali cinema. Lambad was one of the first Somali stand-up comedians in the Horn of Africa. He currently resides in Sweden. He hails from the Abokor Issa subdivision of the Issa Musse subclan of the Habr Awal Isaaq. References Somalian comedians Living people 21st-century Somalian people People from Hargeisa Year of birth missing (living people)
[ "Ab", "di", "Hay", "be", "L", "amb", "ad", "()", "is", "a", "ve", "ter", "an", "S", "om", "ali", "com", "ed", "ian", "actor", "and", "one", "of", "the", "most", "noted", "com", "ed", "ians", "in", "S", "om", "ali", "c", "inem", "a", ".", "L", "amb", "ad", "was", "one", "of", "the", "first", "S", "om", "ali", "stand", "-", "up", "com", "ed", "ians", "in", "the", "H", "orn", "of", "Africa", ".", "He", "currently", "res", "ides", "in", "Sweden", ".", "He", "h", "ails", "from", "the", "A", "bo", "k", "or", "Is", "sa", "sub", "division", "of", "the", "Is", "sa", "Mus", "se", "sub", "cl", "an", "of", "the", "H", "abr", "A", "wal", "Is", "a", "a", "q", ".", "References", "S", "om", "al", "ian", "com", "ed", "ians", "Living", "people", "21st", "-", "century", "S", "om", "al", "ian", "people", "People", "from", "Har", "ge", "is", "a", "Year", "of", "birth", "missing", "(", "living", "people", ")" ]
[ 25762, 25817, 28933, 24636, 48, 25875, 24614, 26399, 24593, 69, 24961, 24621, 24583, 55, 24605, 28053, 24665, 24588, 24669, 27032, 24596, 24748, 24595, 24585, 25066, 27869, 24665, 24588, 25297, 24581, 55, 24605, 28053, 71, 28232, 69, 18, 48, 25875, 24614, 24625, 24748, 24595, 24585, 24818, 55, 24605, 28053, 25567, 17, 24772, 24665, 24588, 25297, 24581, 24585, 44, 24884, 24595, 26665, 18, 24736, 27208, 24753, 25815, 24581, 28980, 18, 24736, 76, 28060, 24672, 24585, 37, 24807, 79, 24586, 25134, 29384, 25097, 27218, 24595, 24585, 25134, 29384, 26583, 24620, 25097, 24691, 24583, 24595, 24585, 44, 29103, 37, 27676, 25134, 69, 69, 85, 18, 24838, 55, 24605, 24591, 24669, 24665, 24588, 25297, 25766, 24941, 26639, 17, 25087, 55, 24605, 24591, 24669, 24941, 25687, 24672, 25824, 24721, 24593, 69, 26099, 24595, 26653, 27386, 12, 26283, 24941, 13 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
5042503
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20State%20Route%20238
New York State Route 238
New York State Route 238 (NY 238) is a state highway located in Western New York in the United States. It runs in a northwest–southeast direction roughly centered on the village of Attica. In the former direction, it connects to U.S. Route 20 (US 20) in Darien and serves as a more direct route into eastern Erie County. In the latter, it links to US 20A in Orangeville and is the most direct route between Attica and Warsaw, the county seat of Wyoming County. NY 238 was assigned in the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York as an Orangeville–Attica highway and extended northwest to Darien by the following year. Route description NY 238 begins at an intersection with US 20A in an area of the town of Orangeville known as Halls Corner. It heads north as Halls Corners Road, passing through sparsely populated areas of the town and serving Dream Lake Campground, located east of NY 238 on Buffalo Road. At Buffalo Road, the route makes a slight turn to the northwest and enters the town of Attica. Across the town line, NY 238 passes by one of Attica's reservoirs on its way to the small hamlet of Attica Center, where the route encounters the southern terminus of County Route 42 (CR 42) and the eastern terminus of CR 39. Outside of Attica Center, NY 238 winds its way northward toward the village of Attica, passing the eastern edge of the Attica and Wyoming Correctional Facilities—more prominently the work farm operated by the facilities. Just outside the Attica village limits, NY 238 turns west, taking over East Main Street from CR 19 at a junction adjacent to the Attica Central Middle and High Schools. NY 238 continues west into Attica, initially passing quietly through mostly residential areas of the village. It soon enters the business district, where it connects with the northern terminus of CR 31 (Exchange Street). After three more blocks, the route descends into the Tonawanda Creek basin and meets with NY 98 at High Street. NY 238 turns north here, overlapping with NY 98 along Market Street for to Buffalo Street, where NY 238 turns northwest to follow Buffalo Street out of the village and into Genesee County. Across the county line, NY 238 cuts across the southwestern corner of the town of Alexander on its way into the town of Darien. It closely follows the Norfolk Southern Railway's Southern Tier Line through this mostly rural area, and CR 45 follows a parallel routing to NY 238 on the opposite side of the tracks through much of the area. CR 45 leaves NY 238 just outside Attica, and rejoins the state route about later in Darien. As a result, one road which used to cross the tracks in this area—CR 36—has been cut in half, eliminating the requirement to maintain its grade crossing. After CR 45's western terminus, NY 238 turns more northward again, entering a residential area and terminating at a junction with US 20 in the hamlet of Darien. History NY 238 was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York to the portion of its modern alignment between Orangeville and Attica. It was extended northwest to Darien by the following year. The portion of NY 238 between Attica and Darien originally followed Attica Road (modern CR 45), crossing what is now known as the Southern Tier Line twice. NY 238 was moved onto its current, more northerly alignment by 1978, avoiding the railroad tracks entirely. Major intersections See also References External links 238 Transportation in Genesee County, New York Transportation in Wyoming County, New York
[ "New", "York", "State", "Route", "23", "8", "(", "NY", "23", "8", ")", "is", "a", "state", "high", "way", "located", "in", "Western", "New", "York", "in", "the", "United", "States", ".", "It", "runs", "in", "a", "north", "west", "–", "sou", "theast", "direction", "rough", "ly", "cent", "ered", "on", "the", "village", "of", "At", "t", "ica", ".", "In", "the", "former", "direction", ",", "it", "conne", "cts", "to", "U", ".", "S", ".", "Route", "20", "(", "US", "20", ")", "in", "Dar", "ien", "and", "serves", "as", "a", "more", "direct", "route", "into", "eastern", "Er", "ie", "County", ".", "In", "the", "latter", ",", "it", "links", "to", "US", "20", "A", "in", "O", "range", "ville", "and", "is", "the", "most", "direct", "route", "between", "At", "t", "ica", "and", "War", "saw", ",", "the", "county", "seat", "of", "W", "y", "om", "ing", "County", ".", "NY", "23", "8", "was", "assigned", "in", "the", "1930", "ren", "umber", "ing", "of", "state", "high", "ways", "in", "New", "York", "as", "an", "O", "range", "ville", "–", "At", "t", "ica", "high", "way", "and", "extended", "north", "west", "to", "Dar", "ien", "by", "the", "following", "year", ".", "Route", "descr", "ipt", "ion", "NY", "23", "8", "begins", "at", "an", "inter", "section", "with", "US", "20", "A", "in", "an", "area", "of", "the", "town", "of", "O", "range", "ville", "known", "as", "Hall", "s", "Corn", "er", ".", "It", "head", "s", "north", "as", "Hall", "s", "Corn", "ers", "Road", ",", "pass", "ing", "through", "sp", "ars", "ely", "pop", "ulated", "areas", "of", "the", "town", "and", "serving", "Dream", "Lake", "Camp", "ground", ",", "located", "east", "of", "NY", "23", "8", "on", "Bu", "ff", "alo", "Road", ".", "At", "Bu", "ff", "alo", "Road", ",", "the", "route", "makes", "a", "sl", "ight", "turn", "to", "the", "north", "west", "and", "ent", "ers", "the", "town", "of", "At", "t", "ica", ".", "Ac", "ross", "the", "town", "line", ",", "NY", "23", "8", "pass", "es", "by", "one", "of", "At", "t", "ica", "'", "s", "reser", "vo", "ir", "s", "on", "its", "way", "to", "the", "small", "ham", "let", "of", "At", "t", "ica", "Center", ",", "where", "the", "route", "en", "coun", "ters", "the", "southern", "termin", "us", "of", "County", "Route", "42", "(", "C", "R", "42", ")", "and", "the", "eastern", "termin", "us", "of", "C", "R", "39", ".", "Out", "side", "of", "At", "t", "ica", "Center", ",", "NY", "23", "8", "wind", "s", "its", "way", "north", "ward", "to", "ward", "the", "village", "of", "At", "t", "ica", ",", "pass", "ing", "the", "eastern", "edge", "of", "the", "At", "t", "ica", "and", "W", "y", "om", "ing", "Cor", "re", "ction", "al", "Fac", "ilities", "—", "more", "promin", "ently", "the", "work", "farm", "operated", "by", "the", "facilities", ".", "Just", "outside", "the", "At", "t", "ica", "village", "lim", "its", ",", "NY", "23", "8", "turn", "s", "west", ",", "taking", "over", "East", "Main", "Street", "from", "C", "R", "19", "at", "a", "jun", "ction", "ad", "j", "ac", "ent", "to", "the", "At", "t", "ica", "Central", "Middle", "and", "High", "School", "s", ".", "NY", "23", "8", "continu", "es", "west", "into", "At", "t", "ica", ",", "initially", "pass", "ing", "qu", "iet", "ly", "through", "mostly", "resident", "ial", "areas", "of", "the", "village", ".", "It", "soon", "ent", "ers", "the", "business", "district", ",", "where", "it", "conne", "cts", "with", "the", "northern", "termin", "us", "of", "C", "R", "31", "(", "Ex", "change", "Street", ").", "After", "three", "more", "b", "loc", "ks", ",", "the", "route", "des", "c", "ends", "into", "the", "T", "on", "aw", "anda", "Creek", "bas", "in", "and", "me", "ets", "with", "NY", "98", "at", "High", "Street", ".", "NY", "23", "8", "turn", "s", "north", "here", ",", "over", "l", "app", "ing", "with", "NY", "98", "along", "Mark", "et", "Street", "for", "to", "Bu", "ff", "alo", "Street", ",", "where", "NY", "23", "8", "turn", "s", "north", "west", "to", "follow", "Bu", "ff", "alo", "Street", "out", "of", "the", "village", "and", "into", "Gen", "ese", "e", "County", ".", "Ac", "ross", "the", "county", "line", ",", "NY", "23", "8", "cut", "s", "across", "the", "south", "western", "corn", "er", "of", "the", "town", "of", "Alexander", "on", "its", "way", "into", "the", "town", "of", "Dar", "ien", ".", "It", "clos", "ely", "follows", "the", "Nor", "folk", "Southern", "Railway", "'", "s", "Southern", "T", "ier", "Line", "through", "this", "mostly", "rural", "area", ",", "and", "C", "R", "45", "follows", "a", "par", "alle", "l", "rout", "ing", "to", "NY", "23", "8", "on", "the", "op", "pos", "ite", "side", "of", "the", "tracks", "through", "much", "of", "the", "area", ".", "C", "R", "45", "leaves", "NY", "23", "8", "just", "outside", "At", "t", "ica", ",", "and", "re", "jo", "ins", "the", "state", "route", "about", "later", "in", "Dar", "ien", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "one", "road", "which", "used", "to", "cross", "the", "tracks", "in", "this", "area", "—", "C", "R", "36", "—", "has", "been", "cut", "in", "half", ",", "elimin", "ating", "the", "require", "ment", "to", "maintain", "its", "grade", "c", "ros", "sing", ".", "After", "C", "R", "45", "'", "s", "western", "termin", "us", ",", "NY", "23", "8", "turn", "s", "more", "north", "ward", "again", ",", "ent", "ering", "a", "resident", "ial", "area", "and", "termin", "ating", "at", "a", "jun", "ction", "with", "US", "20", "in", "the", "ham", "let", "of", "Dar", "ien", ".", "History", "NY", "23", "8", "was", "assigned", "as", "part", "of", "the", "1930", "ren", "umber", "ing", "of", "state", "high", "ways", "in", "New", "York", "to", "the", "portion", "of", "its", "modern", "align", "ment", "between", "O", "range", "ville", "and", "At", "t", "ica", ".", "It", "was", "extended", "north", "west", "to", "Dar", "ien", "by", "the", "following", "year", ".", "The", "portion", "of", "NY", "23", "8", "between", "At", "t", "ica", "and", "Dar", "ien", "originally", "followed", "At", "t", "ica", "Road", "(", "modern", "C", "R", "45", "),", "c", "ros", "sing", "what", "is", "now", "known", "as", "the", "Southern", "T", "ier", "Line", "twice", ".", "NY", "23", "8", "was", "moved", "onto", "its", "current", ",", "more", "nor", "ther", "ly", "align", "ment", "by", "1978", ",", "avo", "iding", "the", "rail", "road", "tracks", "entire", "ly", ".", "Major", "inter", "se", "ctions", "See", "also", "References", "External", "links", "23", "8", "Transport", "ation", "in", "Gen", "ese", "e", "County", ",", "New", "York", "Transport", "ation", "in", "W", "y", "om", "ing", "County", ",", "New", "York" ]
[ 24871, 25288, 25461, 28630, 25217, 28, 12, 29626, 25217, 28, 13, 24593, 69, 25338, 25153, 24968, 25616, 24581, 26551, 24871, 25288, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 18, 24805, 27690, 24581, 69, 25855, 25820, 4992, 29494, 27604, 29114, 27783, 24633, 24804, 25351, 24584, 24585, 25879, 24595, 25197, 88, 25177, 18, 24657, 24585, 25346, 29114, 16, 24598, 26470, 26396, 24601, 57, 18, 55, 18, 28630, 24623, 12, 25473, 24623, 13, 24581, 28222, 25827, 24596, 29415, 24594, 69, 25060, 26340, 27895, 25000, 28093, 26509, 24716, 25239, 18, 24657, 24585, 28552, 16, 24598, 25051, 24601, 25473, 24623, 37, 24581, 51, 26645, 26100, 24596, 24593, 24585, 25066, 26340, 27895, 25142, 25197, 88, 25177, 24596, 25209, 26960, 16, 24585, 27717, 27739, 24595, 59, 93, 24605, 24599, 25239, 18, 29626, 25217, 28, 24625, 28959, 24581, 24585, 28640, 26183, 29044, 24599, 24595, 25338, 25153, 26308, 24581, 24871, 25288, 24594, 24583, 51, 26645, 26100, 4992, 25197, 88, 25177, 25153, 24968, 24596, 28747, 25855, 25820, 24601, 28222, 25827, 24647, 24585, 25528, 24854, 18, 28630, 25546, 26112, 24602, 29626, 25217, 28, 29891, 24590, 24583, 25033, 26975, 24651, 25473, 24623, 37, 24581, 24583, 25450, 24595, 24585, 25305, 24595, 51, 26645, 26100, 25137, 24594, 26411, 87, 28404, 24582, 18, 24805, 25342, 87, 25855, 24594, 26411, 87, 28404, 24629, 26329, 16, 25565, 24599, 25172, 24878, 25289, 24959, 25190, 26826, 26610, 24595, 24585, 25305, 24596, 27880, 29997, 26954, 26929, 25479, 16, 25616, 26376, 24595, 29626, 25217, 28, 24584, 27124, 25078, 29996, 26329, 18, 25197, 27124, 25078, 29996, 26329, 16, 24585, 27895, 28787, 69, 25608, 24789, 26145, 24601, 24585, 25855, 25820, 24596, 24609, 24629, 24585, 25305, 24595, 25197, 88, 25177, 18, 25275, 25489, 24585, 25305, 25315, 16, 29626, 25217, 28, 25565, 24589, 24647, 24748, 24595, 25197, 88, 25177, 11, 87, 29612, 26116, 24624, 87, 24584, 24783, 24968, 24601, 24585, 25734, 25484, 25171, 24595, 25197, 88, 25177, 26543, 16, 25072, 24585, 27895, 24587, 25008, 24998, 24585, 27614, 26667, 24640, 24595, 25239, 28630, 28234, 12, 39, 54, 28234, 13, 24596, 24585, 28093, 26667, 24640, 24595, 39, 54, 27011, 18, 27159, 25615, 24595, 25197, 88, 25177, 26543, 16, 29626, 25217, 28, 27059, 87, 24783, 24968, 25855, 24993, 24601, 24993, 24585, 25879, 24595, 25197, 88, 25177, 16, 25565, 24599, 24585, 28093, 29515, 24595, 24585, 25197, 88, 25177, 24596, 59, 93, 24605, 24599, 25749, 24600, 24768, 24591, 29650, 26981, 4993, 25060, 28407, 25576, 24585, 24918, 27578, 27944, 24647, 24585, 29379, 18, 26972, 27670, 24585, 25197, 88, 25177, 25879, 25869, 24783, 16, 29626, 25217, 28, 26145, 87, 25820, 16, 27621, 24752, 25962, 27383, 26235, 24672, 39, 54, 24617, 24590, 69, 27631, 24768, 24614, 78, 24616, 24609, 24601, 24585, 25197, 88, 25177, 26484, 27964, 24596, 25626, 25262, 87, 18, 29626, 25217, 28, 25777, 24589, 25820, 25000, 25197, 88, 25177, 16, 28075, 25565, 24599, 24715, 25433, 24633, 25172, 28233, 29489, 24727, 26610, 24595, 24585, 25879, 18, 24805, 27778, 24609, 24629, 24585, 26045, 25906, 16, 25072, 24598, 26470, 26396, 24651, 24585, 27619, 26667, 24640, 24595, 39, 54, 26156, 12, 24889, 26298, 26235, 24874, 25302, 25151, 25060, 70, 24938, 24737, 16, 24585, 27895, 24893, 71, 26949, 25000, 24585, 56, 24584, 24766, 27605, 28370, 26253, 24581, 24596, 24885, 25525, 24651, 29626, 29516, 24590, 25626, 26235, 18, 29626, 25217, 28, 26145, 87, 25855, 28462, 16, 24752, 80, 26212, 24599, 24651, 29626, 29516, 25635, 26657, 24645, 26235, 24618, 24601, 27124, 25078, 29996, 26235, 16, 25072, 29626, 25217, 28, 26145, 87, 25855, 25820, 24601, 25181, 27124, 25078, 29996, 26235, 24767, 24595, 24585, 25879, 24596, 25000, 25516, 25059, 73, 25239, 18, 25275, 25489, 24585, 27717, 25315, 16, 29626, 25217, 28, 25599, 87, 26836, 24585, 25900, 26958, 28628, 24582, 24595, 24585, 25305, 24595, 28173, 24584, 24783, 24968, 25000, 24585, 25305, 24595, 28222, 25827, 18, 24805, 26005, 24959, 29227, 24585, 25011, 28589, 27602, 27112, 11, 87, 27602, 56, 25092, 27818, 25172, 24927, 28233, 28971, 25450, 16, 24596, 39, 54, 26691, 29227, 69, 25041, 29536, 80, 29497, 24599, 24601, 29626, 25217, 28, 24584, 24585, 24644, 24936, 24850, 25615, 24595, 24585, 27858, 25172, 26302, 24595, 24585, 25450, 18, 39, 54, 26691, 29364, 29626, 25217, 28, 25871, 27670, 25197, 88, 25177, 16, 24596, 24600, 25414, 25080, 24585, 25338, 27895, 25150, 25163, 24581, 28222, 25827, 18, 24906, 69, 26242, 16, 24748, 25283, 24763, 25030, 24601, 27101, 24585, 27858, 24581, 24927, 25450, 4993, 39, 54, 26752, 4993, 24808, 24948, 25599, 24581, 26202, 16, 29401, 25105, 24585, 28762, 24718, 24601, 29314, 24783, 28909, 71, 25214, 25095, 18, 25302, 39, 54, 26691, 11, 87, 26958, 26667, 24640, 16, 29626, 25217, 28, 26145, 87, 25060, 25855, 24993, 25098, 16, 24609, 26205, 69, 29489, 24727, 25450, 24596, 26667, 25105, 24590, 69, 27631, 24768, 24651, 25473, 24623, 24581, 24585, 25484, 25171, 24595, 28222, 25827, 18, 25592, 29626, 25217, 28, 24625, 28959, 24594, 24791, 24595, 24585, 28640, 26183, 29044, 24599, 24595, 25338, 25153, 26308, 24581, 24871, 25288, 24601, 24585, 29187, 24595, 24783, 26757, 25329, 24718, 25142, 51, 26645, 26100, 24596, 25197, 88, 25177, 18, 24805, 24625, 28747, 25855, 25820, 24601, 28222, 25827, 24647, 24585, 25528, 24854, 18, 24627, 29187, 24595, 29626, 25217, 28, 25142, 25197, 88, 25177, 24596, 28222, 25827, 26985, 27031, 25197, 88, 25177, 26329, 12, 26757, 39, 54, 26691, 24758, 71, 25214, 25095, 26111, 24593, 25426, 25137, 24594, 24585, 27602, 56, 25092, 27818, 29767, 18, 29626, 25217, 28, 24625, 25804, 27034, 24783, 26950, 16, 25060, 25248, 24703, 24633, 25329, 24718, 24647, 27134, 16, 28387, 26808, 24585, 26031, 25283, 27858, 27239, 24633, 18, 27449, 25033, 24620, 25509, 25404, 24762, 24838, 25065, 25051, 25217, 28, 28236, 24626, 24581, 25516, 25059, 73, 25239, 16, 24871, 25288, 28236, 24626, 24581, 59, 93, 24605, 24599, 25239, 16, 24871, 25288 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
70196580
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna%20Tolman%20Smith
Anna Tolman Smith
Anna Tolman Smith (January 4, 1840 – August 28, 1917) was an American educator, editor, and writer. She worked for the US Office of Education from 1879 until 1917, usually writing reports on comparative education topics. She was decorated by the French government for her work. Early life Smith was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She graduated from the Boston Normal School in 1860. Career In 1865, Smith and her sister, Abbie M. Condron, started Park Seminary, a girls' school in Washington, D.C. In 1879, she joined the Bureau of Education, a federal office. From 1886 to her death in 1917, Smith wrote a monthly column, "Foreign Notes", for the journal Education. She worked on the editorial staff on Paul Monroe's Cyclopedia of Education, for which she also wrote over 30 articles. She spoke at meetings of the National Education Association. and served on the NEA's executive board. Smith attended the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900, as part of her work for the US Office of Education in Washington, D.C. While there, she was named an "Officier de l'Instruction Publique" by the French government. Publications Smith wrote many published reports for the Bureau of Education. She also wrote articles for scholarly and professional journals, including The Journal of American Folklore, The Elementary School Teacher, and Journal of Education. Rural schools : progress in the past : means of improvement in the future (1884) The Coeducation of the Sexes in the United States (1894) "Some Nursery Rhymes of Korea" (1897) Education in Canada (1899) "From Rousseau to Froebel" (1902) "The Enrichment of the Teacher's Ideal" (1903) The education bill of 1906 for England and Wales as it past the House of Commons (1906) The Montessori system of education : an examination of characteristic features set forth in Il metodo della pedagogica scientifica (1912) Survey of education in foreign countries in 1911-12 (1913, with W. Carson Ryan) Compulsory school attendance (1914, with W. S. Deffenbaugh, W. Carson Ryan, and William H. Hand) Education in Foreign Countries, 1915 (1915) Secondary schools in the states of Central America, South America, and the West Indies : scholastic scope and standards (1915, with Arthur MacDonald) Education in Turkey (1916) Demand for vocational education in the countries at war (1917) Higher technical education in foreign countries : standards and scope (1917, with W. S. Jesien) "The Bureau of Education in Wartime" (1917) Personal life Smith died in 1917, aged 77 years, in Washington, D.C. In reporting her death, the New England Journal of Education noted that "Anna Tolman Smith was a great asset to the bureau of education, a notable figure in American education, a noble inspiration to educational leaders for half a century." References 1840 births 1917 deaths American educators American women writers American women editors American editors
[ "An", "na", "T", "ol", "man", "Smith", "(", "January", "4", ",", "18", "40", "–", "August", "28", ",", "1917", ")", "was", "an", "American", "educ", "ator", ",", "editor", ",", "and", "writer", ".", "She", "worked", "for", "the", "US", "Office", "of", "Education", "from", "187", "9", "until", "1917", ",", "usually", "writing", "re", "ports", "on", "comp", "ar", "ative", "education", "top", "ics", ".", "She", "was", "dec", "or", "ated", "by", "the", "French", "government", "for", "her", "work", ".", "Early", "life", "Smith", "was", "born", "in", "Boston", ",", "Massachusetts", ".", "She", "graduated", "from", "the", "Boston", "Nor", "mal", "School", "in", "186", "0", ".", "Career", "In", "186", "5", ",", "Smith", "and", "her", "sister", ",", "Ab", "b", "ie", "M", ".", "Con", "dr", "on", ",", "started", "Park", "Sem", "inary", ",", "a", "girl", "s", "'", "school", "in", "Washington", ",", "D", ".", "C", ".", "In", "187", "9", ",", "she", "joined", "the", "B", "ureau", "of", "Education", ",", "a", "federal", "office", ".", "From", "188", "6", "to", "her", "death", "in", "1917", ",", "Smith", "wrote", "a", "month", "ly", "column", ",", "\"", "Foreign", "Notes", "\",", "for", "the", "journal", "Education", ".", "She", "worked", "on", "the", "editor", "ial", "staff", "on", "Paul", "Mon", "ro", "e", "'", "s", "Cy", "cl", "op", "edia", "of", "Education", ",", "for", "which", "she", "also", "wrote", "over", "30", "articles", ".", "She", "sp", "oke", "at", "meet", "ings", "of", "the", "National", "Education", "Association", ".", "and", "served", "on", "the", "NE", "A", "'", "s", "executive", "board", ".", "Smith", "attended", "the", "Ex", "position", "Univers", "el", "le", "in", "Paris", "in", "1900", ",", "as", "part", "of", "her", "work", "for", "the", "US", "Office", "of", "Education", "in", "Washington", ",", "D", ".", "C", ".", "While", "there", ",", "she", "was", "named", "an", "\"", "Offic", "ier", "de", "l", "'", "In", "struction", "Pub", "li", "que", "\"", "by", "the", "French", "government", ".", "Public", "ations", "Smith", "wrote", "many", "published", "re", "ports", "for", "the", "B", "ureau", "of", "Education", ".", "She", "also", "wrote", "articles", "for", "scholar", "ly", "and", "professional", "j", "ourn", "als", ",", "including", "The", "Journal", "of", "American", "F", "olk", "l", "ore", ",", "The", "E", "lement", "ary", "School", "Te", "ach", "er", ",", "and", "Journal", "of", "Education", ".", "R", "ural", "schools", ":", "progress", "in", "the", "past", ":", "means", "of", "improv", "ement", "in", "the", "future", "(", "188", "4", ")", "The", "Co", "education", "of", "the", "S", "ex", "es", "in", "the", "United", "States", "(", "189", "4", ")", "\"", "Some", "N", "ur", "ser", "y", "R", "hy", "mes", "of", "Korea", "\"", "(", "189", "7", ")", "Education", "in", "Canada", "(", "189", "9", ")", "\"", "From", "R", "ous", "se", "au", "to", "F", "ro", "e", "bel", "\"", "(", "190", "2", ")", "\"", "The", "En", "rich", "ment", "of", "the", "Te", "ach", "er", "'", "s", "I", "deal", "\"", "(", "190", "3", ")", "The", "education", "bill", "of", "190", "6", "for", "England", "and", "Wales", "as", "it", "past", "the", "House", "of", "Common", "s", "(", "190", "6", ")", "The", "Mont", "ess", "ori", "system", "of", "education", ":", "an", "exam", "ination", "of", "character", "istic", "features", "set", "for", "th", "in", "Il", "me", "to", "do", "d", "ella", "ped", "ag", "og", "ica", "scient", "ific", "a", "(", "1912", ")", "Sur", "vey", "of", "education", "in", "foreign", "countries", "in", "1911", "-", "12", "(", "1913", ",", "with", "W", ".", "Car", "son", "R", "yan", ")", "Comp", "ul", "s", "ory", "school", "attend", "ance", "(", "1914", ",", "with", "W", ".", "S", ".", "De", "ff", "en", "b", "augh", ",", "W", ".", "Car", "son", "R", "yan", ",", "and", "William", "H", ".", "Hand", ")", "Education", "in", "Foreign", "Coun", "tries", ",", "1915", "(", "1915", ")", "Second", "ary", "schools", "in", "the", "states", "of", "Central", "America", ",", "South", "America", ",", "and", "the", "West", "Ind", "ies", ":", "schol", "astic", "sc", "ope", "and", "stand", "ards", "(", "1915", ",", "with", "Arthur", "Mac", "Donald", ")", "Education", "in", "Turkey", "(", "1916", ")", "Dem", "and", "for", "voc", "ational", "education", "in", "the", "countries", "at", "war", "(", "1917", ")", "High", "er", "techn", "ical", "education", "in", "foreign", "countries", ":", "stand", "ards", "and", "sc", "ope", "(", "1917", ",", "with", "W", ".", "S", ".", "Jes", "ien", ")", "\"", "The", "B", "ureau", "of", "Education", "in", "W", "art", "ime", "\"", "(", "1917", ")", "Personal", "life", "Smith", "died", "in", "1917", ",", "aged", "77", "years", ",", "in", "Washington", ",", "D", ".", "C", ".", "In", "report", "ing", "her", "death", ",", "the", "New", "England", "Journal", "of", "Education", "noted", "that", "\"", "An", "na", "T", "ol", "man", "Smith", "was", "a", "great", "as", "set", "to", "the", "b", "ureau", "of", "education", ",", "a", "notable", "figure", "in", "American", "education", ",", "a", "n", "ob", "le", "in", "spir", "ation", "to", "educ", "ational", "leaders", "for", "half", "a", "century", ".\"", "References", "18", "40", "births", "1917", "deaths", "American", "educ", "ators", "American", "women", "writers", "American", "women", "ed", "itors", "American", "ed", "itors" ]
[ 24800, 25901, 56, 24612, 24710, 26825, 12, 25352, 24, 16, 24722, 25929, 4992, 25313, 25555, 16, 28813, 13, 24625, 24583, 24868, 25793, 25517, 16, 27799, 16, 24596, 26408, 18, 25079, 26245, 24618, 24585, 25473, 28201, 24595, 26964, 24672, 25821, 29, 25359, 28813, 16, 27263, 27281, 24600, 25424, 24584, 24770, 24592, 25077, 26513, 25318, 24930, 18, 25079, 24625, 25438, 24586, 24712, 24647, 24585, 25596, 25621, 24618, 24803, 24918, 18, 26580, 25372, 26825, 24625, 25049, 24581, 27929, 16, 27978, 18, 25079, 28599, 24672, 24585, 27929, 25011, 26986, 25262, 24581, 25802, 20, 18, 27033, 24657, 25802, 25, 16, 26825, 24596, 24803, 28101, 16, 25762, 70, 24716, 49, 18, 24924, 24815, 24584, 16, 26213, 25840, 28483, 27761, 16, 69, 27456, 87, 11, 25228, 24581, 26430, 16, 40, 18, 39, 18, 24657, 25821, 29, 16, 24971, 26203, 24585, 38, 29715, 24595, 26964, 16, 69, 28272, 26673, 18, 26228, 25668, 26, 24601, 24803, 25303, 24581, 28813, 16, 26825, 26299, 69, 27487, 24633, 29634, 16, 6, 29353, 27004, 25243, 24618, 24585, 26946, 26964, 18, 25079, 26245, 24584, 24585, 27799, 24727, 27225, 24584, 26108, 25732, 24619, 73, 11, 87, 27357, 24691, 24644, 29698, 24595, 26964, 16, 24618, 24763, 24971, 24762, 26299, 24752, 25402, 29099, 18, 25079, 24878, 28136, 24590, 26708, 24939, 24595, 24585, 25155, 26964, 26196, 18, 24596, 25612, 24584, 24585, 27252, 37, 11, 87, 28518, 26107, 18, 26825, 27446, 24585, 24889, 25654, 28194, 24613, 24604, 24581, 26833, 24581, 29007, 16, 24594, 24791, 24595, 24803, 24918, 24618, 24585, 25473, 28201, 24595, 26964, 24581, 26430, 16, 40, 18, 39, 18, 26751, 25201, 16, 24971, 24625, 25533, 24583, 6, 26595, 25092, 24650, 80, 11, 24657, 29513, 26114, 24952, 25657, 6, 24647, 24585, 25596, 25621, 18, 26746, 24833, 26825, 26299, 25160, 25728, 24600, 25424, 24618, 24585, 38, 29715, 24595, 26964, 18, 25079, 24762, 26299, 29099, 24618, 29182, 24633, 24596, 26350, 78, 25891, 24702, 16, 25260, 24627, 27967, 24595, 24868, 42, 27114, 80, 24806, 16, 24627, 41, 27047, 24713, 25262, 25431, 24769, 24582, 16, 24596, 27967, 24595, 26964, 18, 54, 25274, 26799, 30, 28890, 24581, 24585, 27332, 30, 27998, 24595, 29462, 25138, 24581, 24585, 27884, 12, 25668, 24, 13, 24627, 25287, 26513, 24595, 24585, 55, 24707, 24589, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 12, 25529, 24, 13, 6, 26726, 50, 24615, 24777, 93, 54, 25017, 28107, 24595, 28446, 6, 12, 25529, 27, 13, 26964, 24581, 26124, 12, 25529, 29, 13, 6, 26228, 54, 24797, 24620, 24786, 24601, 42, 24619, 73, 25466, 6, 12, 25454, 22, 13, 6, 24627, 24879, 27242, 24718, 24595, 24585, 25431, 24769, 24582, 11, 87, 45, 27289, 6, 12, 25454, 23, 13, 24627, 26513, 27154, 24595, 25454, 26, 24618, 25921, 24596, 27244, 24594, 24598, 27332, 24585, 25816, 24595, 27620, 87, 12, 25454, 26, 13, 24627, 26803, 24676, 29944, 25490, 24595, 26513, 30, 24583, 27928, 27042, 24595, 26096, 27302, 27054, 25139, 24618, 24580, 24581, 26472, 24885, 24601, 25161, 72, 26983, 25437, 24638, 24776, 25177, 27531, 25144, 69, 12, 29131, 13, 26655, 27162, 24595, 26513, 24581, 28393, 27273, 24581, 29527, 17, 25074, 12, 29424, 16, 24651, 59, 18, 25198, 24951, 54, 27572, 13, 25685, 24649, 87, 24817, 25228, 29657, 24985, 12, 28701, 16, 24651, 59, 18, 55, 18, 24821, 25078, 24587, 70, 25634, 16, 59, 18, 25198, 24951, 54, 27572, 16, 24596, 25643, 44, 18, 29601, 13, 26964, 24581, 29353, 24989, 26700, 16, 29292, 12, 29292, 13, 26832, 24713, 26799, 24581, 24585, 27221, 24595, 26484, 26185, 16, 25236, 26185, 16, 24596, 24585, 25526, 25073, 24675, 30, 27765, 29105, 24876, 25226, 24596, 25567, 25598, 12, 29292, 16, 24651, 28687, 26365, 29082, 13, 26964, 24581, 29194, 12, 29255, 13, 25961, 24596, 24618, 25998, 24813, 26513, 24581, 24585, 27273, 24590, 25573, 12, 28813, 13, 25626, 24582, 26131, 24757, 26513, 24581, 28393, 27273, 30, 25567, 25598, 24596, 24876, 25226, 12, 28813, 16, 24651, 59, 18, 55, 18, 28386, 25827, 13, 6, 24627, 38, 29715, 24595, 26964, 24581, 59, 24673, 24856, 6, 12, 28813, 13, 28172, 25372, 26825, 25727, 24581, 28813, 16, 26231, 28423, 25100, 16, 24581, 26430, 16, 40, 18, 39, 18, 24657, 27632, 24599, 24803, 25303, 16, 24585, 24871, 25921, 27967, 24595, 26964, 27869, 24682, 6, 24800, 25901, 56, 24612, 24710, 26825, 24625, 69, 26432, 24594, 25139, 24601, 24585, 70, 29715, 24595, 26513, 16, 69, 29178, 29422, 24581, 24868, 26513, 16, 69, 82, 24870, 24604, 24581, 27179, 24626, 24601, 25793, 24813, 28920, 24618, 26202, 69, 25087, 25215, 24838, 24722, 25929, 25393, 28813, 25989, 24868, 25793, 26323, 24868, 25522, 26820, 24868, 25522, 24588, 27751, 24868, 24588, 27751 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
27151100
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business%20Innovation%20Center%20of%20Croatia
Business Innovation Center of Croatia
The Business Innovation Center of Croatia () or BICRO is an agency of the Croatian government formed in 1998 and responsible for allocating state funding for research and development projects. The agency's main goal is providing successful and efficient support to technological development and commercial use of research outputs by creating financial and material conditions for companies who wish to increase their competitiveness or facilitate introduction of new products or services to the market. The agency mainly does this by approving financial aid and incentives to small- and medium-sized companies for research and development. In 2014, the merger of the BICRO with the Croatian Agency for Small Businesses and Investments (HAMAG INVEST) was carried out, with the purpose to create a unique system that will provide support to entrepreneurs through all development stages, and the Croatian Agency for Small Businesses and Investments changed its name to the Croatian Agency for Small Businesses, Innovations and Investments (HAMAG BICRO). References External links Official website Organizations established in 1998 Government agencies of Croatia Economy of Croatia 1998 establishments in Croatia
[ "The", "Business", "In", "nov", "ation", "Center", "of", "Croat", "ia", "()", "or", "B", "IC", "R", "O", "is", "an", "ag", "ency", "of", "the", "Croat", "ian", "government", "formed", "in", "1998", "and", "responsible", "for", "all", "oc", "ating", "state", "fund", "ing", "for", "research", "and", "development", "projects", ".", "The", "ag", "ency", "'", "s", "main", "goal", "is", "providing", "successful", "and", "e", "fficient", "support", "to", "techn", "ological", "development", "and", "commercial", "use", "of", "research", "out", "put", "s", "by", "cre", "ating", "financial", "and", "material", "conditions", "for", "companies", "who", "w", "ish", "to", "increase", "their", "compet", "it", "iven", "ess", "or", "fac", "ilit", "ate", "introdu", "ction", "of", "new", "products", "or", "services", "to", "the", "market", ".", "The", "ag", "ency", "mainly", "does", "this", "by", "ap", "prov", "ing", "financial", "aid", "and", "in", "cent", "ives", "to", "small", "-", "and", "med", "ium", "-", "s", "ized", "companies", "for", "research", "and", "development", ".", "In", "2014", ",", "the", "mer", "ger", "of", "the", "B", "IC", "R", "O", "with", "the", "Croat", "ian", "A", "gency", "for", "Sm", "all", "Business", "es", "and", "In", "vest", "ments", "(", "H", "A", "MA", "G", "IN", "V", "E", "ST", ")", "was", "carried", "out", ",", "with", "the", "purpose", "to", "create", "a", "un", "ique", "system", "that", "will", "provide", "support", "to", "ent", "re", "pr", "ene", "ur", "s", "through", "all", "development", "st", "ages", ",", "and", "the", "Croat", "ian", "A", "gency", "for", "Sm", "all", "Business", "es", "and", "In", "vest", "ments", "changed", "its", "name", "to", "the", "Croat", "ian", "A", "gency", "for", "Sm", "all", "Business", "es", ",", "In", "nov", "ations", "and", "In", "vest", "ments", "(", "H", "A", "MA", "G", "B", "IC", "R", "O", ").", "References", "External", "links", "Official", "website", "Organ", "iz", "ations", "established", "in", "1998", "Government", "ag", "encies", "of", "Croat", "ia", "Econom", "y", "of", "Croat", "ia", "1998", "establishments", "in", "Croat", "ia" ]
[ 24627, 28513, 24657, 25972, 24626, 26543, 24595, 29464, 24677, 26399, 24586, 38, 29313, 54, 51, 24593, 24583, 24638, 26322, 24595, 24585, 29464, 24669, 25621, 25648, 24581, 26167, 24596, 28734, 24618, 24663, 24670, 25105, 25338, 26807, 24599, 24618, 26184, 24596, 26266, 29018, 18, 24627, 24638, 26322, 11, 87, 25039, 26891, 24593, 29906, 26598, 24596, 73, 29396, 25983, 24601, 26131, 26405, 26266, 24596, 28035, 25043, 24595, 26184, 24767, 25837, 87, 24647, 24912, 25105, 28489, 24596, 28177, 28699, 24618, 26818, 24831, 91, 24679, 24601, 28539, 24862, 25574, 24598, 25894, 24676, 24586, 25678, 25521, 24688, 26335, 24768, 24595, 24983, 28891, 24586, 26481, 24601, 24585, 26915, 18, 24627, 24638, 26322, 28617, 26839, 24927, 24647, 24654, 25086, 24599, 28489, 25282, 24596, 24581, 24804, 25330, 24601, 25734, 17, 24596, 24992, 25394, 17, 87, 25380, 26818, 24618, 26184, 24596, 26266, 18, 24657, 25590, 16, 24585, 24719, 26065, 24595, 24585, 38, 29313, 54, 51, 24651, 24585, 29464, 24669, 37, 28072, 24618, 25995, 24663, 28513, 24589, 24596, 24657, 28741, 25272, 12, 44, 37, 27643, 43, 29395, 58, 41, 28314, 13, 24625, 28541, 24767, 16, 24651, 24585, 29619, 24601, 28212, 69, 24631, 26788, 25490, 24682, 25494, 27627, 25983, 24601, 24609, 24600, 24666, 25410, 24615, 87, 25172, 24663, 26266, 24606, 25434, 16, 24596, 24585, 29464, 24669, 37, 28072, 24618, 25995, 24663, 28513, 24589, 24596, 24657, 28741, 25272, 27496, 24783, 25364, 24601, 24585, 29464, 24669, 37, 28072, 24618, 25995, 24663, 28513, 24589, 16, 24657, 25972, 24833, 24596, 24657, 28741, 25272, 12, 44, 37, 27643, 43, 38, 29313, 54, 51, 24874, 24838, 25065, 25051, 27588, 26658, 28137, 24782, 24833, 25572, 24581, 26167, 27030, 24638, 28559, 24595, 29464, 24677, 28088, 93, 24595, 29464, 24677, 26167, 26712, 24581, 29464, 24677 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
40397825
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armagh%20Observer
Armagh Observer
The Armagh Observer was a regional newspaper covering the County Armagh area of Northern Ireland. It was owned by Observer Newspapers (N.I.) Ltd. It was first published in 1930. The Armagh Observer ceased publication in April 2017. References Newspapers published in Northern Ireland Mass media in County Armagh
[ "The", "Ar", "mag", "h", "Ob", "ser", "ver", "was", "a", "regional", "newspaper", "cover", "ing", "the", "County", "Ar", "mag", "h", "area", "of", "Northern", "Ireland", ".", "It", "was", "owned", "by", "Ob", "ser", "ver", "New", "sp", "apers", "(", "N", ".", "I", ".)", "Lt", "d", ".", "It", "was", "first", "published", "in", "1930", ".", "The", "Ar", "mag", "h", "Ob", "ser", "ver", "ce", "ased", "public", "ation", "in", "April", "2017", ".", "References", "New", "sp", "apers", "published", "in", "Northern", "Ireland", "Mass", "media", "in", "County", "Ar", "mag", "h" ]
[ 24627, 24780, 25984, 76, 28418, 24777, 24735, 24625, 69, 28390, 28616, 25445, 24599, 24585, 25239, 24780, 25984, 76, 25450, 24595, 27199, 26779, 18, 24805, 24625, 27085, 24647, 28418, 24777, 24735, 24871, 24878, 28239, 12, 50, 18, 45, 27551, 29143, 72, 18, 24805, 24625, 24818, 25728, 24581, 28640, 18, 24627, 24780, 25984, 76, 28418, 24777, 24735, 24648, 24919, 25242, 24626, 24581, 25381, 25630, 18, 24838, 24871, 24878, 28239, 25728, 24581, 27199, 26779, 26824, 27063, 24581, 25239, 24780, 25984, 76 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
132220
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pymatuning%20South%2C%20Pennsylvania
Pymatuning South, Pennsylvania
Pymatuning South is a census-designated place (CDP) in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 479 at the 2010 census. Geography Pymatuning South is located near the southwest corner of Crawford County at (41.509668, -80.458999), at the southern end of Pymatuning Reservoir, one of the largest reservoirs in Pennsylvania. The CDP occupies both sides of the lake and extends southeast along the lake's outlet, the Shenango River, as far as the borough of Jamestown. On the northeastern side of the lake and the river, the CDP is in South Shenango Township; on the southwest side it is in West Shenango Township. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and , or 0.44%, is water. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 467 people, 199 households, and 131 families residing in the CDP. The population density was . There were 342 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.93% White, 0.64% Native American, 0.21% Asian, and 0.21% from two or more races. There were 199 households, out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.90. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.3% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 28.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $31,324, and the median income for a family was $36,875. Males had a median income of $34,167 versus $17,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,754. About 6.2% of families and 10.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.8% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over. References Census-designated places in Crawford County, Pennsylvania Census-designated places in Pennsylvania
[ "P", "y", "mat", "un", "ing", "South", "is", "a", "census", "-", "designated", "place", "(", "CD", "P", ")", "in", "Cr", "aw", "ford", "County", ",", "Pennsylvania", ",", "United", "States", ".", "The", "population", "was", "47", "9", "at", "the", "2010", "census", ".", "Geography", "P", "y", "mat", "un", "ing", "South", "is", "located", "near", "the", "south", "west", "corn", "er", "of", "Cr", "aw", "ford", "County", "at", "(", "41", ".", "50", "9", "66", "8", ",", "-", "80", ".", "45", "8", "99", "9", "),", "at", "the", "southern", "end", "of", "P", "y", "mat", "un", "ing", "Res", "er", "vo", "ir", ",", "one", "of", "the", "largest", "reser", "vo", "ir", "s", "in", "Pennsylvania", ".", "The", "CD", "P", "occup", "ies", "both", "sides", "of", "the", "lake", "and", "ext", "ends", "sou", "theast", "along", "the", "lake", "'", "s", "out", "let", ",", "the", "Sh", "en", "ang", "o", "River", ",", "as", "far", "as", "the", "borough", "of", "James", "town", ".", "On", "the", "nor", "the", "astern", "side", "of", "the", "lake", "and", "the", "river", ",", "the", "CD", "P", "is", "in", "South", "Sh", "en", "ang", "o", "Township", ";", "on", "the", "south", "west", "side", "it", "is", "in", "West", "Sh", "en", "ang", "o", "Township", ".", "According", "to", "the", "United", "States", "C", "ensus", "B", "ureau", ",", "the", "CD", "P", "has", "a", "total", "area", "of", ",", "of", "which", "is", "land", "and", ",", "or", "0", ".", "44", "%", ",", "is", "water", ".", "Dem", "ograph", "ics", "As", "of", "the", "census", "of", "2000", ",", "there", "were", "46", "7", "people", ",", "199", "households", ",", "and", "13", "1", "families", "res", "iding", "in", "the", "CD", "P", ".", "The", "population", "density", "was", ".", "There", "were", "34", "2", "housing", "units", "at", "an", "average", "density", "of", ".", "The", "rac", "ial", "make", "up", "of", "the", "CD", "P", "was", "98", ".", "9", "3", "%", "White", ",", "0", ".", "64", "%", "N", "ative", "American", ",", "0", ".", "21", "%", "Asian", ",", "and", "0", ".", "21", "%", "from", "two", "or", "more", "races", ".", "There", "were", "199", "households", ",", "out", "of", "which", "32", ".", "7", "%", "had", "children", "under", "the", "age", "of", "18", "living", "with", "them", ",", "55", ".", "8", "%", "were", "married", "c", "ou", "ples", "living", "together", ",", "6", ".", "5", "%", "had", "a", "female", "house", "hol", "der", "with", "no", "husband", "present", ",", "and", "33", ".", "7", "%", "were", "non", "-", "families", ".", "29", ".", "1", "%", "of", "all", "households", "were", "made", "up", "of", "individuals", ",", "and", "12", ".", "6", "%", "had", "some", "one", "living", "alone", "who", "was", "65", "years", "of", "age", "or", "older", ".", "The", "average", "house", "hold", "size", "was", "2", ".", "35", "and", "the", "average", "family", "size", "was", "2", ".", "90", ".", "In", "the", "CD", "P", ",", "the", "population", "was", "spread", "out", ",", "with", "23", ".", "3", "%", "under", "the", "age", "of", "18", ",", "5", ".", "8", "%", "from", "18", "to", "24", ",", "24", ".", "0", "%", "from", "25", "to", "44", ",", "28", ".", "5", "%", "from", "45", "to", "64", ",", "and", "18", ".", "4", "%", "who", "were", "65", "years", "of", "age", "or", "older", ".", "The", "median", "age", "was", "43", "years", ".", "For", "every", "100", "females", ",", "there", "were", "86", ".", "1", "m", "ales", ".", "For", "every", "100", "females", "age", "18", "and", "over", ",", "there", "were", "85", ".", "5", "m", "ales", ".", "The", "median", "income", "for", "a", "house", "hold", "in", "the", "CD", "P", "was", "$", "31", ",", "3", "24", ",", "and", "the", "median", "income", "for", "a", "family", "was", "$", "36", ",", "8", "75", ".", "M", "ales", "had", "a", "median", "income", "of", "$", "34", ",", "16", "7", "vers", "us", "$", "17", ",", "25", "0", "for", "females", ".", "The", "per", "cap", "ita", "income", "for", "the", "CD", "P", "was", "$", "16", ",", "75", "4", ".", "Ab", "out", "6", ".", "2", "%", "of", "families", "and", "10", ".", "1", "%", "of", "the", "population", "were", "below", "the", "p", "over", "ty", "line", ",", "including", "13", ".", "8", "%", "of", "those", "under", "age", "18", "and", "6", ".", "2", "%", "of", "those", "age", "65", "or", "over", ".", "References", "C", "ensus", "-", "designated", "places", "in", "Cr", "aw", "ford", "County", ",", "Pennsylvania", "C", "ensus", "-", "designated", "places", "in", "Pennsylvania" ]
[ 52, 93, 27440, 24631, 24599, 25236, 24593, 69, 27411, 17, 29011, 25468, 12, 26896, 52, 13, 24581, 25709, 24766, 25579, 25239, 16, 27554, 16, 24994, 25131, 18, 24627, 25755, 24625, 27562, 29, 24590, 24585, 25449, 27411, 18, 29162, 52, 93, 27440, 24631, 24599, 25236, 24593, 25616, 25532, 24585, 25900, 25820, 28628, 24582, 24595, 25709, 24766, 25579, 25239, 24590, 12, 28368, 18, 25681, 29, 28145, 28, 16, 17, 26654, 18, 26691, 28, 28085, 29, 24758, 24590, 24585, 27614, 24725, 24595, 52, 93, 27440, 24631, 24599, 25618, 24582, 26116, 24624, 16, 24748, 24595, 24585, 27038, 29612, 26116, 24624, 87, 24581, 27554, 18, 24627, 26896, 52, 27358, 24675, 25379, 29919, 24595, 24585, 29800, 24596, 25588, 26949, 29494, 27604, 25635, 24585, 29800, 11, 87, 24767, 25171, 16, 24585, 24950, 24587, 24822, 83, 25910, 16, 24594, 27111, 24594, 24585, 29264, 24595, 26033, 25305, 18, 24964, 24585, 25248, 24585, 26197, 25615, 24595, 24585, 29800, 24596, 24585, 27483, 16, 24585, 26896, 52, 24593, 24581, 25236, 24950, 24587, 24822, 83, 29160, 31, 24584, 24585, 25900, 25820, 25615, 24598, 24593, 24581, 25526, 24950, 24587, 24822, 83, 29160, 18, 26446, 24601, 24585, 24994, 25131, 39, 26570, 38, 29715, 16, 24585, 26896, 52, 24808, 69, 26238, 25450, 24595, 16, 24595, 24763, 24593, 24775, 24596, 16, 24586, 20, 18, 27173, 9, 16, 24593, 25801, 18, 25961, 27367, 24930, 24906, 24595, 24585, 27411, 24595, 25807, 16, 25201, 24747, 27817, 27, 24941, 16, 24778, 28751, 16, 24596, 25143, 21, 27280, 24753, 26808, 24581, 24585, 26896, 52, 18, 24627, 25755, 29949, 24625, 18, 25650, 24747, 26844, 22, 29407, 27278, 24590, 24583, 26842, 29949, 24595, 18, 24627, 26013, 24727, 26127, 24772, 24595, 24585, 26896, 52, 24625, 29516, 18, 29, 23, 9, 26680, 16, 20, 18, 27649, 9, 50, 25077, 24868, 16, 20, 18, 25004, 9, 27571, 16, 24596, 20, 18, 25004, 9, 24672, 24907, 24586, 25060, 28853, 18, 25650, 24747, 24778, 28751, 16, 24767, 24595, 24763, 27056, 18, 27, 9, 24798, 25902, 25016, 24585, 24754, 24595, 24722, 26283, 24651, 25154, 16, 27600, 18, 28, 9, 24747, 26160, 71, 24603, 26814, 26283, 26577, 16, 26, 18, 25, 9, 24798, 69, 26889, 25470, 26547, 24795, 24651, 25159, 27950, 25126, 16, 24596, 26688, 18, 27, 9, 24747, 25946, 17, 27280, 18, 25633, 18, 21, 9, 24595, 24663, 28751, 24747, 25167, 24772, 24595, 28604, 16, 24596, 25074, 18, 26, 9, 24798, 25191, 24748, 26283, 29625, 24831, 24625, 27005, 25100, 24595, 24754, 24586, 28002, 18, 24627, 26842, 25470, 25771, 27321, 24625, 22, 18, 26400, 24596, 24585, 26842, 25334, 27321, 24625, 22, 18, 26866, 18, 24657, 24585, 26896, 52, 16, 24585, 25755, 24625, 29697, 24767, 16, 24651, 25217, 18, 23, 9, 25016, 24585, 24754, 24595, 24722, 16, 25, 18, 28, 9, 24672, 24722, 24601, 25384, 16, 25384, 18, 20, 9, 24672, 25306, 24601, 27173, 16, 25555, 18, 25, 9, 24672, 26691, 24601, 27649, 16, 24596, 24722, 18, 24, 9, 24831, 24747, 27005, 25100, 24595, 24754, 24586, 28002, 18, 24627, 29547, 24754, 24625, 28524, 25100, 18, 25056, 26237, 26023, 29362, 16, 25201, 24747, 28723, 18, 21, 81, 25544, 18, 25056, 26237, 26023, 29362, 24754, 24722, 24596, 24752, 16, 25201, 24747, 28593, 18, 25, 81, 25544, 18, 24627, 29547, 28255, 24618, 69, 25470, 25771, 24581, 24585, 26896, 52, 24625, 8, 26156, 16, 23, 25384, 16, 24596, 24585, 29547, 28255, 24618, 69, 25334, 24625, 8, 26752, 16, 28, 27183, 18, 49, 25544, 24798, 69, 29547, 28255, 24595, 8, 26844, 16, 25009, 27, 25388, 24640, 8, 24940, 16, 25306, 20, 24618, 29362, 18, 24627, 24726, 25238, 27028, 28255, 24618, 24585, 26896, 52, 24625, 8, 25009, 16, 27183, 24, 18, 25762, 24767, 26, 18, 22, 9, 24595, 27280, 24596, 24975, 18, 21, 9, 24595, 24585, 25755, 24747, 27962, 24585, 84, 24752, 24819, 25315, 16, 25260, 25143, 18, 28, 9, 24595, 26055, 25016, 24754, 24722, 24596, 26, 18, 22, 9, 24595, 26055, 24754, 27005, 24586, 24752, 18, 24838, 39, 26570, 17, 29011, 26872, 24581, 25709, 24766, 25579, 25239, 16, 27554, 39, 26570, 17, 29011, 26872, 24581, 27554 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
16158279
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingrid%20Andersen
Ingrid Andersen
Ingrid Andersen (born 1965) is a South African poet. Biography Andersen lived in Johannesburg most of her life, worked in Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape for five years and relocated to the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands in 2007. She worked as a theatre publicist in the 1980s, the days of political protest theatre, at the Market Theatre and PACT, amongst others. As South Africa began to rebuild after the first democratic elections, she became active in community development, as CEO of the Rosebank Homeless Association and then as Community Engagement Manager at Rhodes University. She works at the University of KwaZulu Natal in human rights advocacy, healing and reconciliation, with a particular focus on the Alternatives to Violence Project. Her debut poetry collection, Excision, was launched at the National Arts Festival in 2005. It was reviewed in Wordstock, the Arts Festival WordFest newspaper, as "well-crafted, controlled and concise...a strong debut collection containing sensitive and poignant sketches...Andersen wields her pen with surgical precision" (Warren 2005). Over the past fifteen years, her poems have appeared in South African literary journals, including Imprint, Green Dragon, Aerial, Slugnews, Carapace and New Coin. She presented her work at WordFest in 2004 and 2005, as well as at the Hilton Arts Festival in 2009. She remembers with affection the mentoring of Lionel Abrahams at his workshops in the early 1990s. Piecework, her second collection of poetry, to be published by Modjaji Books, is due out in 2010. Andersen is the editor of Incwadi, a South African online journal of poetry and photography. References LitNet: 20 December 2005: Michelle McGrane in conversation with Ingrid Andersen "Four powerful new EC poets". Saturday Dispatch 2 July 2005. p. 14 Warren, Crystal. "Out into the world" Wordstock, 7 July 2005. p 2 1965 births Living people Academic staff of Rhodes University South African women poets Writers from Johannesburg South African women academics African poets
[ "In", "gr", "id", "And", "ers", "en", "(", "born", "1965", ")", "is", "a", "South", "African", "poet", ".", "Biography", "And", "ers", "en", "lived", "in", "Joh", "ann", "es", "burg", "most", "of", "her", "life", ",", "worked", "in", "Gra", "ham", "s", "town", "in", "the", "Eastern", "Cape", "for", "five", "years", "and", "re", "located", "to", "the", "K", "wa", "Z", "ul", "u", "-", "N", "atal", "Mid", "lands", "in", "2007", ".", "She", "worked", "as", "a", "theatre", "public", "ist", "in", "the", "1980s", ",", "the", "days", "of", "political", "protest", "theatre", ",", "at", "the", "Mark", "et", "Theatre", "and", "P", "AC", "T", ",", "among", "st", "others", ".", "As", "South", "Africa", "began", "to", "re", "build", "after", "the", "first", "dem", "ocr", "atic", "elections", ",", "she", "became", "active", "in", "community", "development", ",", "as", "CE", "O", "of", "the", "Rose", "bank", "H", "om", "el", "ess", "Association", "and", "then", "as", "Community", "Eng", "ag", "ement", "Manag", "er", "at", "Rh", "odes", "University", ".", "She", "works", "at", "the", "University", "of", "K", "wa", "Z", "ul", "u", "N", "atal", "in", "human", "rights", "ad", "voc", "acy", ",", "he", "aling", "and", "re", "con", "cil", "iation", ",", "with", "a", "particular", "focus", "on", "the", "Al", "tern", "atives", "to", "Vi", "ol", "ence", "Project", ".", "Her", "debut", "poet", "ry", "collection", ",", "Ex", "c", "ision", ",", "was", "launched", "at", "the", "National", "Arts", "Festival", "in", "2005", ".", "It", "was", "review", "ed", "in", "W", "ord", "stock", ",", "the", "Arts", "Festival", "W", "ord", "F", "est", "newspaper", ",", "as", "\"", "well", "-", "cr", "af", "ted", ",", "controll", "ed", "and", "con", "c", "ise", "...", "a", "strong", "debut", "collection", "contain", "ing", "sens", "itive", "and", "po", "ign", "ant", "sk", "et", "ches", "...", "And", "ers", "en", "w", "ield", "s", "her", "pen", "with", "sur", "g", "ical", "pre", "c", "ision", "\"", "(", "Warr", "en", "2005", ").", "Over", "the", "past", "fif", "teen", "years", ",", "her", "po", "ems", "have", "appeared", "in", "South", "African", "liter", "ary", "j", "ourn", "als", ",", "including", "Im", "print", ",", "Green", "Dr", "agon", ",", "A", "er", "ial", ",", "Sl", "ug", "news", ",", "Car", "ap", "ace", "and", "New", "Co", "in", ".", "She", "presented", "her", "work", "at", "W", "ord", "F", "est", "in", "2004", "and", "2005", ",", "as", "well", "as", "at", "the", "H", "ilton", "Arts", "Festival", "in", "2009", ".", "She", "re", "members", "with", "affe", "ction", "the", "ment", "or", "ing", "of", "L", "ion", "el", "A", "br", "ah", "am", "s", "at", "his", "work", "sh", "ops", "in", "the", "early", "1990s", ".", "P", "ie", "ce", "work", ",", "her", "second", "collection", "of", "poet", "ry", ",", "to", "be", "published", "by", "Mod", "j", "aj", "i", "Books", ",", "is", "due", "out", "in", "2010", ".", "And", "ers", "en", "is", "the", "editor", "of", "Inc", "w", "ad", "i", ",", "a", "South", "African", "online", "journal", "of", "poet", "ry", "and", "photo", "graphy", ".", "References", "L", "it", "Net", ":", "20", "December", "2005", ":", "Mic", "hel", "le", "Mc", "G", "rane", "in", "con", "vers", "ation", "with", "In", "gr", "id", "And", "ers", "en", "\"", "Four", "power", "ful", "new", "EC", "po", "ets", "\".", "Sat", "ur", "day", "Dis", "p", "atch", "2", "July", "2005", ".", "p", ".", "14", "Warr", "en", ",", "C", "ry", "st", "al", ".", "\"", "Out", "into", "the", "world", "\"", "W", "ord", "stock", ",", "7", "July", "2005", ".", "p", "2", "1965", "births", "Living", "people", "Academ", "ic", "staff", "of", "Rh", "odes", "University", "South", "African", "women", "po", "ets", "Writ", "ers", "from", "Joh", "ann", "es", "burg", "South", "African", "women", "academ", "ics", "African", "po", "ets" ]
[ 24657, 24699, 24630, 25695, 24629, 24587, 12, 25049, 27495, 13, 24593, 69, 25236, 26301, 27514, 18, 28198, 25695, 24629, 24587, 27569, 24581, 29881, 24910, 24589, 26324, 25066, 24595, 24803, 25372, 16, 26245, 24581, 29173, 25484, 87, 25305, 24581, 24585, 27897, 29694, 24618, 25842, 25100, 24596, 24600, 25616, 24601, 24585, 47, 26965, 62, 24649, 89, 17, 50, 27293, 26344, 25873, 24581, 25557, 18, 25079, 26245, 24594, 69, 29638, 25242, 24641, 24581, 24585, 28210, 16, 24585, 26346, 24595, 26244, 29102, 29638, 16, 24590, 24585, 26657, 24645, 28070, 24596, 52, 27371, 56, 16, 26134, 24606, 26662, 18, 24906, 25236, 26665, 25623, 24601, 24600, 25323, 24942, 24585, 24818, 25826, 26406, 25677, 27806, 16, 24971, 25244, 26764, 24581, 26248, 26266, 16, 24594, 27644, 51, 24595, 24585, 29718, 27237, 44, 24605, 24613, 24676, 26196, 24596, 25115, 24594, 28964, 25035, 24638, 25138, 28132, 24582, 24590, 27772, 26496, 25015, 18, 25079, 25994, 24590, 24585, 25015, 24595, 47, 26965, 62, 24649, 89, 50, 27293, 24581, 26690, 26991, 24614, 25998, 26389, 16, 24607, 29509, 24596, 24600, 24652, 25669, 27766, 16, 24651, 69, 26738, 29393, 24584, 24585, 24788, 24760, 26834, 24601, 28164, 24612, 24881, 28924, 18, 25503, 26097, 27514, 25064, 27646, 16, 24889, 71, 24977, 16, 24625, 27742, 24590, 24585, 25155, 27021, 27253, 24581, 25710, 18, 24805, 24625, 26526, 24588, 24581, 59, 24750, 29754, 16, 24585, 27021, 27253, 59, 24750, 42, 24655, 28616, 16, 24594, 6, 25173, 17, 24810, 24744, 24826, 16, 29076, 24588, 24596, 24652, 71, 25279, 26909, 69, 26707, 26097, 27646, 26189, 24599, 29378, 26718, 24596, 24902, 24761, 24738, 25252, 24645, 26456, 26909, 25695, 24629, 24587, 91, 25194, 87, 24803, 25863, 24651, 25281, 75, 24757, 24970, 71, 24977, 6, 12, 28764, 24587, 25710, 24874, 27039, 24585, 27332, 27370, 26796, 25100, 16, 24803, 24902, 27334, 24920, 26530, 24581, 25236, 26301, 26856, 24713, 78, 25891, 24702, 16, 25260, 26541, 28209, 16, 26679, 25471, 27323, 16, 37, 24582, 24727, 16, 26499, 24880, 27988, 16, 25198, 24654, 24852, 24596, 24871, 25287, 24581, 18, 25079, 28290, 24803, 24918, 24590, 59, 24750, 42, 24655, 24581, 25783, 24596, 25710, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 24590, 24585, 44, 29338, 27021, 27253, 24581, 25531, 18, 25079, 24600, 25622, 24651, 29249, 24768, 24585, 24718, 24586, 24599, 24595, 48, 24602, 24613, 37, 24816, 24966, 24611, 87, 24590, 24684, 24918, 24690, 26239, 24581, 24585, 25551, 28371, 18, 52, 24716, 24648, 24918, 16, 24803, 25179, 27646, 24595, 27514, 25064, 16, 24601, 24636, 25728, 24647, 27119, 78, 25075, 77, 28619, 16, 24593, 25769, 24767, 24581, 25449, 18, 25695, 24629, 24587, 24593, 24585, 27799, 24595, 28184, 91, 24614, 77, 16, 69, 25236, 26301, 28534, 26946, 24595, 27514, 25064, 24596, 26773, 25485, 18, 24838, 48, 24598, 27659, 30, 24623, 25422, 25710, 30, 27328, 25280, 24604, 25629, 43, 28939, 24581, 24652, 25388, 24626, 24651, 24657, 24699, 24630, 25695, 24629, 24587, 6, 28028, 25844, 25180, 24983, 28733, 24902, 25525, 25157, 27883, 24615, 25058, 26276, 84, 25229, 22, 25363, 25710, 18, 84, 18, 25129, 28764, 24587, 16, 39, 25064, 24606, 24591, 18, 6, 27159, 25000, 24585, 25750, 6, 59, 24750, 29754, 16, 27, 25363, 25710, 18, 84, 22, 27495, 25393, 25766, 24941, 26140, 24597, 27225, 24595, 27772, 26496, 25015, 25236, 26301, 25522, 24902, 25525, 28154, 24629, 24672, 29881, 24910, 24589, 26324, 25236, 26301, 25522, 27640, 24930, 26301, 24902, 25525 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
68629286
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20of%20emergency%20in%20Poland%20%282021%29
State of emergency in Poland (2021)
A state of emergency was declared in Poland by President Andrzej Duda on 2 September 2021. The state of emergency was declared on request of Council of Ministers of the Republic of Poland. It covered 183 localities near the Belarusian border: 115 in Podlaskie Voivodeship and 68 in Lublin Voivodeship. Background On 31 August 2021 the Council of Ministers requested President Andrzej Duda to declare a state of emergency in the terrain surrounding Belarus–Poland border. The request was motivated by – according to government – possible threats to security and public order in part of the territory of Poland. On 2 September 2021, President Andrzej Duda agreed to declare a state of emergency in the area indicated in the request. On the same day, the regulation was published in the Dziennik Ustaw and thus became effective. Journalists, humanitarian workers, healthcare workers and activists which waited 21 days to get access to the refugees camping in Usnarz Górny were given time until the end of 2 September to move out of the areas under the state of emergency. Reactions Representatives of Fundacja Ocalenie who have been at the border in Usnarz Górny since August 2021 openly opposed and criticized the declaration of the state of emergency. According to their spokesperson, the state was only declared for political benefit and allowed the state forces to act without supervision. Several members of the opposition also raised similar concerns. Donald Tusk, former Prime Minister of Poland, stated that the state of emergency is used by the Law and Justice party as a smoke screen to cover their government's incompetence. References 2021 in Poland Podlaskie Voivodeship Lublin Voivodeship September 2021 events in Poland
[ "A", "state", "of", "emer", "gency", "was", "declared", "in", "Poland", "by", "President", "An", "dr", "ze", "j", "D", "ud", "a", "on", "2", "September", "2021", ".", "The", "state", "of", "emer", "gency", "was", "declared", "on", "requ", "est", "of", "Council", "of", "Min", "isters", "of", "the", "Republic", "of", "Poland", ".", "It", "covered", "18", "3", "local", "ities", "near", "the", "Bel", "ar", "us", "ian", "border", ":", "1", "15", "in", "P", "od", "l", "ask", "ie", "Vo", "iv", "odes", "hip", "and", "68", "in", "L", "ub", "lin", "Vo", "iv", "odes", "hip", ".", "Background", "On", "31", "August", "2021", "the", "Council", "of", "Min", "isters", "requ", "ested", "President", "An", "dr", "ze", "j", "D", "ud", "a", "to", "decl", "are", "a", "state", "of", "emer", "gency", "in", "the", "ter", "rain", "surrounding", "Bel", "ar", "us", "–", "Poland", "border", ".", "The", "requ", "est", "was", "mot", "iv", "ated", "by", "–", "according", "to", "government", "–", "possible", "threat", "s", "to", "security", "and", "public", "order", "in", "part", "of", "the", "territory", "of", "Poland", ".", "On", "2", "September", "2021", ",", "President", "An", "dr", "ze", "j", "D", "ud", "a", "agreed", "to", "decl", "are", "a", "state", "of", "emer", "gency", "in", "the", "area", "indic", "ated", "in", "the", "requ", "est", ".", "On", "the", "same", "day", ",", "the", "reg", "ulation", "was", "published", "in", "the", "D", "z", "i", "enn", "ik", "U", "st", "aw", "and", "thus", "became", "effect", "ive", ".", "Journal", "ists", ",", "human", "itar", "ian", "workers", ",", "health", "care", "workers", "and", "activ", "ists", "which", "wa", "ited", "21", "days", "to", "get", "access", "to", "the", "ref", "uge", "es", "camp", "ing", "in", "U", "sn", "ar", "z", "G", "ó", "r", "ny", "were", "given", "time", "until", "the", "end", "of", "2", "September", "to", "move", "out", "of", "the", "areas", "under", "the", "state", "of", "emer", "gency", ".", "Re", "actions", "Representatives", "of", "F", "und", "ac", "ja", "Oc", "al", "en", "ie", "who", "have", "been", "at", "the", "border", "in", "U", "sn", "ar", "z", "G", "ó", "r", "ny", "since", "August", "2021", "open", "ly", "op", "posed", "and", "critic", "ized", "the", "decl", "ar", "ation", "of", "the", "state", "of", "emer", "gency", ".", "According", "to", "their", "sp", "ok", "es", "person", ",", "the", "state", "was", "only", "declared", "for", "political", "bene", "fit", "and", "allowed", "the", "state", "forces", "to", "act", "without", "super", "vision", ".", "Se", "veral", "members", "of", "the", "op", "position", "also", "raised", "similar", "concer", "ns", ".", "Donald", "T", "us", "k", ",", "former", "Prime", "Minister", "of", "Poland", ",", "stated", "that", "the", "state", "of", "emer", "gency", "is", "used", "by", "the", "Law", "and", "Justice", "party", "as", "a", "sm", "oke", "screen", "to", "cover", "their", "government", "'", "s", "in", "compet", "ence", ".", "References", "2021", "in", "Poland", "P", "od", "l", "ask", "ie", "Vo", "iv", "odes", "hip", "L", "ub", "lin", "Vo", "iv", "odes", "hip", "September", "2021", "events", "in", "Poland" ]
[ 37, 25338, 24595, 27758, 28072, 24625, 29398, 24581, 27813, 24647, 26180, 24800, 24815, 25852, 78, 40, 24711, 69, 24584, 22, 25322, 25785, 18, 24627, 25338, 24595, 27758, 28072, 24625, 29398, 24584, 25609, 24655, 24595, 26176, 24595, 25507, 28015, 24595, 24585, 26681, 24595, 27813, 18, 24805, 26590, 24722, 23, 25763, 25082, 25532, 24585, 25952, 24592, 24640, 24669, 28337, 30, 21, 25018, 24581, 52, 24694, 80, 25370, 24716, 28051, 24622, 26496, 25830, 24596, 28950, 24581, 48, 24733, 24823, 28051, 24622, 26496, 25830, 18, 29480, 24964, 26156, 25313, 25785, 24585, 26176, 24595, 25507, 28015, 25609, 26198, 26180, 24800, 24815, 25852, 78, 40, 24711, 69, 24601, 26819, 24686, 69, 25338, 24595, 27758, 28072, 24581, 24585, 24621, 26219, 29923, 25952, 24592, 24640, 4992, 27813, 28337, 18, 24627, 25609, 24655, 24625, 26666, 24622, 24712, 24647, 4992, 27753, 24601, 25621, 4992, 27333, 28124, 87, 24601, 28727, 24596, 25242, 25683, 24581, 24791, 24595, 24585, 29482, 24595, 27813, 18, 24964, 22, 25322, 25785, 16, 26180, 24800, 24815, 25852, 78, 40, 24711, 69, 29281, 24601, 26819, 24686, 69, 25338, 24595, 27758, 28072, 24581, 24585, 25450, 27279, 24712, 24581, 24585, 25609, 24655, 18, 24964, 24585, 25515, 25058, 16, 24585, 24954, 25435, 24625, 25728, 24581, 24585, 40, 94, 77, 25187, 25054, 57, 24606, 24766, 24596, 27335, 25244, 26243, 24723, 18, 27967, 25006, 16, 26690, 26195, 24669, 28885, 16, 27001, 27287, 28885, 24596, 25913, 25006, 24763, 26965, 24863, 25004, 26346, 24601, 25978, 26978, 24601, 24585, 25911, 29862, 24589, 25829, 24599, 24581, 57, 28602, 24592, 94, 43, 210, 86, 27091, 24747, 26207, 24978, 25359, 24585, 24725, 24595, 22, 25322, 24601, 27570, 24767, 24595, 24585, 26610, 25016, 24585, 25338, 24595, 27758, 28072, 18, 24693, 27424, 29269, 24595, 42, 25324, 24616, 28267, 25295, 24591, 24587, 24716, 24831, 24920, 24948, 24590, 24585, 28337, 24581, 57, 28602, 24592, 94, 43, 210, 86, 27091, 25570, 25313, 25785, 25383, 24633, 24644, 26267, 24596, 27234, 25380, 24585, 26819, 24592, 24626, 24595, 24585, 25338, 24595, 27758, 28072, 18, 26446, 24601, 24862, 24878, 24834, 24589, 25560, 16, 24585, 25338, 24625, 25089, 29398, 24618, 26244, 28243, 28066, 24596, 27702, 24585, 25338, 27087, 24601, 24756, 26443, 26811, 25390, 18, 24779, 25452, 25622, 24595, 24585, 24644, 25654, 24762, 28316, 26473, 26559, 27692, 18, 29082, 56, 24640, 79, 16, 25346, 28570, 26785, 24595, 27813, 16, 27177, 24682, 24585, 25338, 24595, 27758, 28072, 24593, 25030, 24647, 24585, 26347, 24596, 28676, 26460, 24594, 69, 25419, 28136, 27567, 24601, 25445, 24862, 25621, 11, 87, 24581, 25574, 24881, 18, 24838, 25785, 24581, 27813, 52, 24694, 80, 25370, 24716, 28051, 24622, 26496, 25830, 48, 24733, 24823, 28051, 24622, 26496, 25830, 25322, 25785, 26398, 24581, 27813 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
47616969
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbuk-Khawnuam
Melbuk-Khawnuam
Melbuk-Khawnuam is a census village in the Champhai district of Mizoram, India. It is located in the Khawzawl R.D. Block. The village comprises two neighbouring habitations: Melbuk and Khawnuam, which are located close to the Indo-Myanmar border, near Zokhawthar. Demographics According to the 2011 census of India, Melbuk (Khawnuam) has 123 households. The literacy rate of the village is 76.92%. References Villages in Khawzawl block
[ "Mel", "b", "uk", "-", "Kh", "aw", "n", "u", "am", "is", "a", "census", "village", "in", "the", "Ch", "amp", "h", "ai", "district", "of", "M", "iz", "or", "am", ",", "India", ".", "It", "is", "located", "in", "the", "Kh", "aw", "z", "aw", "l", "R", ".", "D", ".", "B", "lock", ".", "The", "village", "com", "pr", "ises", "two", "neigh", "bour", "ing", "habit", "ations", ":", "Mel", "b", "uk", "and", "Kh", "aw", "n", "u", "am", ",", "which", "are", "located", "close", "to", "the", "Ind", "o", "-", "My", "an", "mar", "border", ",", "near", "Z", "ok", "h", "aw", "th", "ar", ".", "Dem", "ograph", "ics", "According", "to", "the", "2011", "census", "of", "India", ",", "Mel", "b", "uk", "(", "Kh", "aw", "n", "u", "am", ")", "has", "12", "3", "households", ".", "The", "liter", "acy", "rate", "of", "the", "village", "is", "76", ".", "9", "2", "%", ".", "References", "Vill", "ages", "in", "Kh", "aw", "z", "aw", "l", "block" ]
[ 26749, 70, 25797, 17, 28041, 24766, 82, 89, 24611, 24593, 69, 27411, 25879, 24581, 24585, 24698, 24832, 76, 25257, 25906, 24595, 49, 24782, 24586, 24611, 16, 26047, 18, 24805, 24593, 25616, 24581, 24585, 28041, 24766, 94, 24766, 80, 54, 18, 40, 18, 38, 26642, 18, 24627, 25879, 24665, 24666, 27622, 24907, 27513, 26805, 24599, 27711, 24833, 30, 26749, 70, 25797, 24596, 28041, 24766, 82, 89, 24611, 16, 24763, 24686, 25616, 27256, 24601, 24585, 25073, 83, 17, 26158, 24583, 25748, 28337, 16, 25532, 62, 24834, 76, 24766, 24580, 24592, 18, 25961, 27367, 24930, 26446, 24601, 24585, 25476, 27411, 24595, 26047, 16, 26749, 70, 25797, 12, 28041, 24766, 82, 89, 24611, 13, 24808, 25074, 23, 28751, 18, 24627, 26856, 26389, 27955, 24595, 24585, 25879, 24593, 28509, 18, 29, 22, 9, 18, 24838, 26988, 25434, 24581, 28041, 24766, 94, 24766, 80, 28517 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
21462313
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosin%2C%20Poland
Rosin, Poland
Rosin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świebodzin, within Świebodzin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It lies approximately south of Świebodzin, north of Zielona Góra, and south of Gorzów Wielkopolski. The estimated population of Rosin, Poland is 281. References Rosin
[ "Ros", "in", "is", "a", "village", "in", "the", "administrative", "district", "of", "G", "min", "a", "Ś", "w", "ie", "b", "od", "z", "in", ",", "within", "Ś", "w", "ie", "b", "od", "z", "in", "County", ",", "L", "ub", "us", "z", "Vo", "iv", "odes", "hip", ",", "in", "western", "Poland", ".", "It", "lies", "approximately", "south", "of", "Ś", "w", "ie", "b", "od", "z", "in", ",", "north", "of", "Z", "iel", "ona", "G", "ó", "ra", ",", "and", "south", "of", "G", "or", "z", "ó", "w", "W", "iel", "k", "op", "ol", "ski", ".", "The", "estimated", "population", "of", "Ros", "in", ",", "Poland", "is", "28", "1", ".", "References", "Ros", "in" ]
[ 27341, 24581, 24593, 69, 25879, 24581, 24585, 28790, 25906, 24595, 43, 24931, 69, 313, 91, 24716, 70, 24694, 94, 24581, 16, 25880, 313, 91, 24716, 70, 24694, 94, 24581, 25239, 16, 48, 24733, 24640, 94, 28051, 24622, 26496, 25830, 16, 24581, 26958, 27813, 18, 24805, 28825, 27788, 25900, 24595, 313, 91, 24716, 70, 24694, 94, 24581, 16, 25855, 24595, 62, 25025, 26759, 43, 210, 24840, 16, 24596, 25900, 24595, 43, 24586, 94, 210, 91, 59, 25025, 79, 24644, 24612, 27392, 18, 24627, 29452, 25755, 24595, 27341, 24581, 16, 27813, 24593, 25555, 21, 18, 24838, 27341, 24581 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
50088280
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliou%20Demb%C3%A9l%C3%A9
Alliou Dembélé
Alliou Dembélé (born 1 February 1988) is a French professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Championnat National club Bourg-en-Bresse. Club career On 26 January 2022, Dembélé returned to Bourg-en-Bresse on a 18-months contract. Personal life Alliou Dembélé is of Malian descent. He was born in Cergy-Pontoise, France and has French nationality. Career statistics References External links 1988 births Living people Footballers from Val-d'Oise French men's footballers French sportspeople of Malian descent Men's association football midfielders Paris Saint-Germain F.C. players Racing Club de France Football players SAS Épinal players Gazélec Ajaccio players US Boulogne players Football Bourg-en-Bresse Péronnas 01 players Chamois Niortais F.C. players AC Ajaccio players Stade Lavallois players Stade Briochin players Championnat National 2 players Championnat National 3 players Championnat National players Ligue 2 players Sportspeople from Pontoise Black French sportspeople
[ "Al", "li", "ou", "D", "emb", "é", "l", "é", "(", "born", "1", "February", "1988", ")", "is", "a", "French", "professional", "footballer", "who", "plays", "as", "a", "mid", "f", "iel", "der", "for", "Ch", "ampion", "nat", "National", "club", "B", "our", "g", "-", "en", "-", "B", "res", "se", ".", "Club", "career", "On", "26", "January", "2022", ",", "D", "emb", "é", "l", "é", "returned", "to", "B", "our", "g", "-", "en", "-", "B", "res", "se", "on", "a", "18", "-", "months", "contract", ".", "Personal", "life", "Al", "li", "ou", "D", "emb", "é", "l", "é", "is", "of", "Mal", "ian", "descent", ".", "He", "was", "born", "in", "C", "ergy", "-", "P", "onto", "ise", ",", "France", "and", "has", "French", "national", "ity", ".", "Career", "statistics", "References", "External", "links", "1988", "births", "Living", "people", "Football", "ers", "from", "Val", "-", "d", "'", "O", "ise", "French", "men", "'", "s", "footballers", "French", "sportspeople", "of", "Mal", "ian", "descent", "Men", "'", "s", "association", "football", "mid", "field", "ers", "Paris", "Saint", "-", "Ger", "main", "F", ".", "C", ".", "players", "Rac", "ing", "Club", "de", "France", "Football", "players", "SA", "S", "É", "p", "inal", "players", "G", "az", "é", "le", "c", "A", "j", "acc", "io", "players", "US", "B", "oul", "og", "ne", "players", "Football", "B", "our", "g", "-", "en", "-", "B", "res", "se", "P", "é", "ron", "n", "as", "0", "1", "players", "Ch", "am", "ois", "N", "i", "ort", "ais", "F", ".", "C", ".", "players", "AC", "A", "j", "acc", "io", "players", "St", "ade", "L", "av", "all", "ois", "players", "St", "ade", "Br", "io", "ch", "in", "players", "Ch", "ampion", "nat", "National", "2", "players", "Ch", "ampion", "nat", "National", "3", "players", "Ch", "ampion", "nat", "National", "players", "L", "ig", "ue", "2", "players", "Sportspeople", "from", "P", "onto", "ise", "Black", "French", "sportspeople" ]
[ 24788, 24952, 24603, 40, 25184, 200, 80, 200, 12, 25049, 21, 25500, 26637, 13, 24593, 69, 25596, 26350, 27507, 24831, 27153, 24594, 69, 25884, 74, 25025, 24795, 24618, 24698, 25269, 26686, 25155, 25559, 38, 24714, 75, 17, 24587, 17, 38, 24753, 24620, 18, 26188, 25513, 24964, 25552, 25352, 25862, 16, 40, 25184, 200, 80, 200, 26355, 24601, 38, 24714, 75, 17, 24587, 17, 38, 24753, 24620, 24584, 69, 24722, 17, 26969, 26899, 18, 28172, 25372, 24788, 24952, 24603, 40, 25184, 200, 80, 200, 24593, 24595, 25893, 24669, 28341, 18, 24736, 24625, 25049, 24581, 39, 26973, 17, 52, 27034, 25279, 16, 26024, 24596, 24808, 25596, 25743, 24683, 18, 27033, 29910, 24838, 25065, 25051, 26637, 25393, 25766, 24941, 26178, 24629, 24672, 26057, 17, 72, 11, 51, 25279, 25596, 25203, 11, 87, 26450, 25596, 29744, 24595, 25893, 24669, 28341, 26385, 11, 87, 27304, 25128, 25884, 25401, 24629, 26833, 26898, 17, 25164, 25039, 42, 18, 39, 18, 25053, 28591, 24599, 26188, 24650, 26024, 26178, 25053, 26863, 55, 168, 84, 28126, 25053, 43, 25022, 200, 24604, 71, 37, 78, 26307, 24860, 25053, 25473, 38, 26786, 24776, 24687, 25053, 26178, 38, 24714, 75, 17, 24587, 17, 38, 24753, 24620, 52, 200, 25617, 82, 24594, 20, 21, 25053, 24698, 24611, 26848, 50, 77, 24996, 28169, 42, 18, 39, 18, 25053, 27371, 37, 78, 26307, 24860, 25053, 24709, 24899, 48, 24668, 24663, 26848, 25053, 24709, 24899, 24980, 24860, 24610, 24581, 25053, 24698, 25269, 26686, 25155, 22, 25053, 24698, 25269, 26686, 25155, 23, 25053, 24698, 25269, 26686, 25155, 25053, 48, 24628, 24802, 22, 25053, 29729, 24672, 52, 27034, 25279, 26258, 25596, 29744 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
16179513
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilia%20Lenkiewitz
Utilia Lenkiewitz
Utilia Lenkiewitz (née Utilia van Mander) (1711 – September 23, 1770) was a Danish actress, one of the first of her profession from Denmark, and a member of the pioneer-troupe of the Royal Danish Theatre. Life and career Born the child of the painter Karel van Mander, she was a part of one of the two native theatre troupes created when public theatrical activity became legal in Denmark in 1746, following a ban. The organist Carl August Thielo was the first to be given a theatre privilege, and he opened a theatre at Store Kongensgade in 1747; the same year, Julius Henrik von Qvoten opened one which played in both Danish and German, and Lenkiewitz is believed to have been a part of the Qvoten-troupe. The actors from the troupes of these temporary theatres were then employed as staff when the Royal Danish Theatre was opened in 1748, with Thielo as director. Together with the other members of these troupes, Lenkiewitz belonged to Denmark's first wave of 'native' actors, and together with her female colleagues of 1747, such as Anna Dorothea Lund and Caroline Thielo she was also her country's first professional actress; during the 18th century, the theatre of Copenhagen was short of actresses because of the bad reputation of the profession; in 1753, there were only five in employment in Denmark. She was a very versatile actor; because of the shortage, she was given all sorts of parts and was very well used up until her death. As she was the eldest of the actresses, she was also given many supporting parts as elder females in plays, which were numerous; in 1752, she was recognized for her great professionalism and usefulness. Her colleagues admired her versatility and concentration, and the audience loved her comical talent. She was highly recommended for her way of identifying herself with the part, and it was said that she became the part she played from the moment she entered the stage until she left it. Among her most notable parts were Magdelone in Maskeraden, and Donna Olympia in Don Ranudo; she played firm old women, peasant wives, gossiping old women but also young girls such as Béline in Den indbildt syge, by Molière. The profession of acting was despised in this age, especially for women, but she herself became respected as an artist. Her last ever parts were the leading roles of Flaminia in Den coquette Enke, and Duraminte in Hver Mands Ven, in the 1769–70 season. She died of tuberculosis before the theatre opened again after the summer break of 1770. She used to say: "Nature is what makes people laugh." Personal life She was married to the Polish actor Adam Lenkiewitz (1723–1783) from 1749 until her death. He was 12 years her junior, and she had met him in the Qvoten-troupe, but they had no children. Her husband could not speak Danish well enough to be an actor at the Royal Theatre, but he didbecome an administrator in the theatre. References Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon Dansk biografisk Lexikon/X. Bind. Laale – Løvenørn Bjoerna.dk Litteraturpriser.dk 18th-century Danish actresses 1711 births 1770 deaths Danish stage actresses
[ "Ut", "il", "ia", "L", "en", "k", "iew", "itz", "(", "n", "ée", "Ut", "il", "ia", "van", "M", "ander", ")", "(", "17", "11", "–", "September", "23", ",", "17", "70", ")", "was", "a", "Danish", "actress", ",", "one", "of", "the", "first", "of", "her", "profess", "ion", "from", "Den", "mark", ",", "and", "a", "member", "of", "the", "p", "ione", "er", "-", "tr", "ou", "pe", "of", "the", "Royal", "Danish", "Theatre", ".", "Life", "and", "career", "Born", "the", "child", "of", "the", "painter", "Kar", "el", "van", "M", "ander", ",", "she", "was", "a", "part", "of", "one", "of", "the", "two", "native", "theatre", "tr", "oup", "es", "created", "when", "public", "the", "at", "rical", "activity", "became", "legal", "in", "Den", "mark", "in", "17", "46", ",", "following", "a", "ban", ".", "The", "organ", "ist", "Carl", "August", "Th", "iel", "o", "was", "the", "first", "to", "be", "given", "a", "theatre", "priv", "ile", "ge", ",", "and", "he", "opened", "a", "theatre", "at", "St", "ore", "Kong", "ens", "g", "ade", "in", "17", "47", ";", "the", "same", "year", ",", "Jul", "ius", "Hen", "r", "ik", "von", "Q", "vot", "en", "opened", "one", "which", "played", "in", "both", "Danish", "and", "German", ",", "and", "L", "en", "k", "iew", "itz", "is", "believed", "to", "have", "been", "a", "part", "of", "the", "Q", "vot", "en", "-", "tr", "ou", "pe", ".", "The", "actors", "from", "the", "tr", "oup", "es", "of", "these", "temporary", "the", "at", "res", "were", "then", "employ", "ed", "as", "staff", "when", "the", "Royal", "Danish", "Theatre", "was", "opened", "in", "17", "48", ",", "with", "Th", "iel", "o", "as", "director", ".", "To", "gether", "with", "the", "other", "members", "of", "these", "tr", "oup", "es", ",", "L", "en", "k", "iew", "itz", "belong", "ed", "to", "Den", "mark", "'", "s", "first", "w", "ave", "of", "'", "native", "'", "actors", ",", "and", "together", "with", "her", "female", "colle", "ag", "ues", "of", "17", "47", ",", "such", "as", "An", "na", "Dor", "o", "the", "a", "L", "und", "and", "Carol", "ine", "Th", "iel", "o", "she", "was", "also", "her", "country", "'", "s", "first", "professional", "actress", ";", "during", "the", "18th", "century", ",", "the", "theatre", "of", "C", "open", "h", "ag", "en", "was", "short", "of", "actress", "es", "because", "of", "the", "bad", "re", "put", "ation", "of", "the", "profess", "ion", ";", "in", "17", "53", ",", "there", "were", "only", "five", "in", "employ", "ment", "in", "Den", "mark", ".", "She", "was", "a", "very", "vers", "at", "ile", "actor", ";", "because", "of", "the", "short", "age", ",", "she", "was", "given", "all", "sor", "ts", "of", "parts", "and", "was", "very", "well", "used", "up", "until", "her", "death", ".", "As", "she", "was", "the", "el", "dest", "of", "the", "actress", "es", ",", "she", "was", "also", "given", "many", "support", "ing", "parts", "as", "el", "der", "females", "in", "plays", ",", "which", "were", "numerous", ";", "in", "17", "52", ",", "she", "was", "recognized", "for", "her", "great", "professional", "ism", "and", "use", "ful", "ness", ".", "Her", "colle", "ag", "ues", "ad", "m", "ired", "her", "vers", "at", "ility", "and", "con", "centr", "ation", ",", "and", "the", "aud", "ience", "lov", "ed", "her", "com", "ical", "tal", "ent", ".", "She", "was", "highly", "recomm", "ended", "for", "her", "way", "of", "ident", "ifying", "h", "ers", "elf", "with", "the", "part", ",", "and", "it", "was", "said", "that", "she", "became", "the", "part", "she", "played", "from", "the", "m", "om", "ent", "she", "entered", "the", "stage", "until", "she", "left", "it", ".", "Among", "her", "most", "notable", "parts", "were", "Mag", "del", "one", "in", "M", "ask", "er", "ad", "en", ",", "and", "Don", "na", "Olymp", "ia", "in", "Don", "R", "an", "ud", "o", ";", "she", "played", "firm", "old", "women", ",", "pe", "as", "ant", "w", "ives", ",", "g", "oss", "ip", "ing", "old", "women", "but", "also", "young", "girl", "s", "such", "as", "B", "é", "line", "in", "Den", "ind", "b", "ild", "t", "sy", "ge", ",", "by", "M", "ol", "i", "è", "re", ".", "The", "profess", "ion", "of", "acting", "was", "des", "p", "ised", "in", "this", "age", ",", "especially", "for", "women", ",", "but", "she", "h", "ers", "elf", "became", "res", "pected", "as", "an", "artist", ".", "Her", "last", "ever", "parts", "were", "the", "leading", "roles", "of", "Fl", "amin", "ia", "in", "Den", "co", "qu", "ette", "En", "ke", ",", "and", "Dur", "amin", "te", "in", "H", "ver", "M", "ands", "Ven", ",", "in", "the", "17", "69", "–", "70", "season", ".", "She", "died", "of", "t", "u", "ber", "cul", "os", "is", "before", "the", "theatre", "opened", "again", "after", "the", "summer", "break", "of", "17", "70", ".", "She", "used", "to", "say", ":", "\"", "N", "ature", "is", "what", "makes", "people", "l", "augh", ".\"", "Personal", "life", "She", "was", "married", "to", "the", "Polish", "actor", "Adam", "L", "en", "k", "iew", "itz", "(", "17", "23", "–", "17", "83", ")", "from", "17", "49", "until", "her", "death", ".", "He", "was", "12", "years", "her", "jun", "ior", ",", "and", "she", "had", "met", "him", "in", "the", "Q", "vot", "en", "-", "tr", "ou", "pe", ",", "but", "they", "had", "no", "children", ".", "Her", "husband", "could", "not", "spe", "ak", "Danish", "well", "enough", "to", "be", "an", "actor", "at", "the", "Royal", "Theatre", ",", "but", "he", "did", "become", "an", "administr", "ator", "in", "the", "theatre", ".", "References", "D", "ans", "k", "K", "vin", "deb", "io", "gr", "af", "is", "k", "Le", "ks", "ik", "on", "D", "ans", "k", "bio", "gr", "af", "is", "k", "L", "ex", "ik", "on", "/", "X", ".", "B", "ind", ".", "La", "ale", "–", "L", "ø", "ven", "ø", "r", "n", "B", "jo", "ern", "a", ".", "d", "k", "L", "it", "ter", "at", "ur", "pr", "is", "er", ".", "d", "k", "18th", "-", "century", "Danish", "actress", "es", "17", "11", "births", "17", "70", "deaths", "Danish", "stage", "actress", "es" ]
[ 29354, 24608, 24677, 48, 24587, 79, 25235, 26503, 12, 82, 28966, 29354, 24608, 24677, 25659, 49, 26027, 13, 12, 24940, 25267, 4992, 25322, 25217, 16, 24940, 26921, 13, 24625, 69, 29678, 27269, 16, 24748, 24595, 24585, 24818, 24595, 24803, 25739, 24602, 24672, 27102, 25571, 16, 24596, 69, 25537, 24595, 24585, 84, 28703, 24582, 17, 24664, 24603, 24678, 24595, 24585, 26094, 29678, 28070, 18, 26933, 24596, 25513, 29071, 24585, 26881, 24595, 24585, 29948, 26440, 24613, 25659, 49, 26027, 16, 24971, 24625, 69, 24791, 24595, 24748, 24595, 24585, 24907, 28494, 29638, 24664, 25037, 24589, 26199, 25091, 25242, 24585, 24590, 29203, 29061, 25244, 27379, 24581, 27102, 25571, 24581, 24940, 27817, 16, 25528, 69, 25870, 18, 24627, 25337, 24641, 28622, 25313, 24824, 25025, 83, 24625, 24585, 24818, 24601, 24636, 26207, 69, 29638, 26561, 24890, 24721, 16, 24596, 24607, 26274, 69, 29638, 24590, 24709, 24806, 28143, 24845, 75, 24899, 24581, 24940, 27562, 31, 24585, 25515, 24854, 16, 27661, 26161, 26281, 86, 25054, 27359, 53, 26069, 24587, 26274, 24748, 24763, 25350, 24581, 25379, 29678, 24596, 25583, 16, 24596, 48, 24587, 79, 25235, 26503, 24593, 28533, 24601, 24920, 24948, 69, 24791, 24595, 24585, 53, 26069, 24587, 17, 24664, 24603, 24678, 18, 24627, 27797, 24672, 24585, 24664, 25037, 24589, 24595, 25639, 29468, 24585, 24590, 24753, 24747, 25115, 26632, 24588, 24594, 27225, 25091, 24585, 26094, 29678, 28070, 24625, 26274, 24581, 24940, 27401, 16, 24651, 24824, 25025, 83, 24594, 26319, 18, 26071, 26357, 24651, 24585, 24858, 25622, 24595, 25639, 24664, 25037, 24589, 16, 48, 24587, 79, 25235, 26503, 28345, 24588, 24601, 27102, 25571, 11, 87, 24818, 91, 24820, 24595, 11, 28494, 11, 27797, 16, 24596, 26577, 24651, 24803, 26889, 29375, 24638, 25966, 24595, 24940, 27562, 16, 25221, 24594, 24800, 25901, 28520, 83, 24585, 69, 48, 25324, 24596, 26721, 24734, 24824, 25025, 83, 24971, 24625, 24762, 24803, 26052, 11, 87, 24818, 26350, 27269, 31, 25104, 24585, 29048, 25087, 16, 24585, 29638, 24595, 39, 25383, 76, 24638, 24587, 24625, 25903, 24595, 27269, 24589, 25936, 24595, 24585, 28227, 24600, 25837, 24626, 24595, 24585, 25739, 24602, 31, 24581, 24940, 29073, 16, 25201, 24747, 25089, 25842, 24581, 26632, 24718, 24581, 27102, 25571, 18, 25079, 24625, 69, 25878, 25388, 24590, 24890, 27032, 31, 25936, 24595, 24585, 25903, 24754, 16, 24971, 24625, 26207, 24663, 28510, 24704, 24595, 27285, 24596, 24625, 25878, 25173, 25030, 24772, 25359, 24803, 25303, 18, 24906, 24971, 24625, 24585, 24613, 26395, 24595, 24585, 27269, 24589, 16, 24971, 24625, 24762, 26207, 25160, 25983, 24599, 27285, 24594, 24613, 24795, 29362, 24581, 27153, 16, 24763, 24747, 28161, 31, 24581, 24940, 28774, 16, 24971, 24625, 29568, 24618, 24803, 26432, 26350, 25284, 24596, 25043, 25180, 26060, 18, 25503, 29375, 24638, 25966, 24614, 81, 25530, 24803, 25388, 24590, 25554, 24596, 24652, 29571, 24626, 16, 24596, 24585, 26062, 25854, 28707, 24588, 24803, 24665, 24757, 25696, 24609, 18, 25079, 24625, 29328, 29839, 25396, 24618, 24803, 24968, 24595, 25063, 28421, 76, 24629, 25389, 24651, 24585, 24791, 16, 24596, 24598, 24625, 25860, 24682, 24971, 25244, 24585, 24791, 24971, 25350, 24672, 24585, 81, 24605, 24609, 24971, 27918, 24585, 26756, 25359, 24971, 25475, 24598, 18, 29826, 24803, 25066, 29178, 27285, 24747, 26282, 25977, 24748, 24581, 49, 25370, 24582, 24614, 24587, 16, 24596, 26126, 25901, 25758, 24677, 24581, 26126, 54, 24583, 24711, 83, 31, 24971, 25350, 28129, 24867, 25522, 16, 24678, 24594, 24738, 91, 25330, 16, 75, 25646, 24696, 24599, 24867, 25522, 24835, 24762, 26181, 27456, 87, 25221, 24594, 38, 200, 25315, 24581, 27102, 24888, 70, 27351, 88, 24984, 24721, 16, 24647, 49, 24612, 77, 199, 24600, 18, 24627, 25739, 24602, 24595, 28349, 24625, 24893, 84, 25719, 24581, 24927, 24754, 16, 27795, 24618, 25522, 16, 24835, 24971, 76, 24629, 25389, 25244, 24753, 27952, 24594, 24583, 26719, 18, 25503, 25812, 25034, 27285, 24747, 24585, 27000, 29451, 24595, 25487, 29235, 24677, 24581, 27102, 24869, 24715, 28068, 24879, 24801, 16, 24596, 29436, 29235, 24680, 24581, 44, 24735, 49, 27564, 28452, 16, 24581, 24585, 24940, 28883, 4992, 26921, 25042, 18, 25079, 25727, 24595, 88, 89, 24681, 27512, 24674, 24593, 25327, 24585, 29638, 26274, 25098, 24942, 24585, 27792, 27115, 24595, 24940, 26921, 18, 25079, 25030, 24601, 27092, 30, 6, 50, 25690, 24593, 26111, 28787, 24941, 80, 25634, 25215, 28172, 25372, 25079, 24625, 26160, 24601, 24585, 27805, 27032, 28150, 48, 24587, 79, 25235, 26503, 12, 24940, 25217, 4992, 24940, 29892, 13, 24672, 24940, 27461, 25359, 24803, 25303, 18, 24736, 24625, 25074, 25100, 24803, 27631, 25233, 16, 24596, 24971, 24798, 25547, 25047, 24581, 24585, 53, 26069, 24587, 17, 24664, 24603, 24678, 16, 24835, 25002, 24798, 25159, 25902, 18, 25503, 27950, 25803, 24809, 24947, 24700, 29678, 25173, 28940, 24601, 24636, 24583, 27032, 24590, 24585, 26094, 28070, 16, 24835, 24607, 25671, 26326, 24583, 26693, 25517, 24581, 24585, 29638, 18, 24838, 40, 24841, 79, 47, 27671, 28435, 24860, 24699, 24744, 24593, 79, 24843, 24737, 25054, 24584, 40, 24841, 79, 29522, 24699, 24744, 24593, 79, 48, 24707, 25054, 24584, 19, 60, 18, 38, 24888, 18, 25760, 24988, 4992, 48, 215, 25232, 215, 86, 82, 38, 25414, 25369, 69, 18, 72, 79, 48, 24598, 24621, 24590, 24615, 24666, 24593, 24582, 18, 72, 79, 29048, 17, 25087, 29678, 27269, 24589, 24940, 25267, 25393, 24940, 26921, 25989, 29678, 26756, 27269, 24589 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
263728
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raum
Raum
In demonology, Raum is a Great Earl of Hell, ruling thirty legions of demons. He is depicted as a crow which adopts human form at the request of the conjurer. Characteristics Raum steals treasures out of kings' houses, carrying them where he wishes, and destroys cities and dignities of men (he is said to have great dispraise for dignities). Raum can also tell things past, present and future, reconcile friends and foes, and invoke love. Etymology 'Raum' in German means "space, room, chamber"; 'räumen' means to empty, evacuate. See lebensraum, literally "living room" (that is, room for living - like an aquarium for fish, not a living room). Other spellings include Raim, Raym, and Räum. Pop Culture In the online game "League of Legends", a playable character named Swain is possessed by the demon 'Raum'. See also The Lesser Key of Solomon, a 17th-century text which references Raum Gustav Davidson Citations References Goetic demons Legendary crows
[ "In", "demon", "ology", ",", "Ra", "um", "is", "a", "Great", "Earl", "of", "H", "ell", ",", "rul", "ing", "th", "ir", "ty", "leg", "ions", "of", "dem", "ons", ".", "He", "is", "dep", "icted", "as", "a", "c", "row", "which", "ad", "op", "ts", "human", "form", "at", "the", "requ", "est", "of", "the", "con", "j", "urer", ".", "Char", "ac", "ter", "istics", "Ra", "um", "ste", "als", "tre", "as", "ures", "out", "of", "k", "ings", "'", "houses", ",", "carr", "ying", "them", "where", "he", "w", "ish", "es", ",", "and", "dest", "ro", "ys", "cities", "and", "d", "ign", "ities", "of", "men", "(", "he", "is", "said", "to", "have", "great", "dis", "pra", "ise", "for", "d", "ign", "ities", ").", "Ra", "um", "can", "also", "tell", "th", "ings", "past", ",", "present", "and", "future", ",", "re", "con", "c", "ile", "friends", "and", "f", "oes", ",", "and", "inv", "oke", "love", ".", "E", "ty", "m", "ology", "'", "Ra", "um", "'", "in", "German", "means", "\"", "space", ",", "room", ",", "ch", "amber", "\"", ";", "'", "r", "ä", "um", "en", "'", "means", "to", "emp", "ty", ",", "ev", "ac", "u", "ate", ".", "See", "le", "b", "ens", "ra", "um", ",", "liter", "ally", "\"", "living", "room", "\"", "(", "that", "is", ",", "room", "for", "living", "-", "like", "an", "a", "quar", "ium", "for", "fish", ",", "not", "a", "living", "room", ").", "Other", "sp", "ell", "ings", "include", "R", "aim", ",", "Ray", "m", ",", "and", "R", "ä", "um", ".", "Pop", "Cult", "ure", "In", "the", "online", "game", "\"", "League", "of", "Leg", "ends", "\",", "a", "play", "able", "character", "named", "Sw", "ain", "is", "poss", "ess", "ed", "by", "the", "demon", "'", "Ra", "um", "'", ".", "See", "also", "The", "L", "ess", "er", "Ke", "y", "of", "Sol", "om", "on", ",", "a", "17th", "-", "century", "text", "which", "re", "ferences", "Ra", "um", "G", "ust", "av", "David", "son", "Cit", "ations", "References", "Go", "etic", "dem", "ons", "Leg", "end", "ary", "c", "row", "s" ]
[ 24657, 28663, 25427, 16, 29549, 24656, 24593, 69, 26604, 29588, 24595, 44, 24731, 16, 26730, 24599, 24580, 24624, 24819, 25247, 24921, 24595, 25826, 25285, 18, 24736, 24593, 25418, 28665, 24594, 69, 71, 25032, 24763, 24614, 24644, 24704, 26690, 24839, 24590, 24585, 25609, 24655, 24595, 24585, 24652, 78, 29357, 18, 25627, 24616, 24621, 27187, 29549, 24656, 25541, 24702, 26904, 24594, 25224, 24767, 24595, 79, 24939, 11, 28149, 16, 26262, 26194, 25154, 25072, 24607, 91, 24679, 24589, 16, 24596, 26395, 24619, 25312, 28500, 24596, 72, 24761, 25082, 24595, 25203, 12, 24607, 24593, 25860, 24601, 24920, 26432, 24913, 28778, 25279, 24618, 72, 24761, 25082, 24874, 29549, 24656, 24995, 24762, 27668, 24580, 24939, 27332, 16, 25126, 24596, 27884, 16, 24600, 24652, 71, 24890, 28838, 24596, 74, 29305, 16, 24596, 25212, 28136, 28043, 18, 41, 24819, 81, 25427, 11, 29549, 24656, 11, 24581, 25583, 27998, 6, 27138, 16, 26491, 16, 24610, 28800, 6, 31, 11, 86, 195, 24656, 24587, 11, 27998, 24601, 26251, 24819, 16, 24895, 24616, 89, 24688, 18, 25404, 24604, 70, 24845, 24840, 24656, 16, 26856, 24904, 6, 26283, 26491, 6, 12, 24682, 24593, 16, 26491, 24618, 26283, 17, 25692, 24583, 69, 26172, 25394, 24618, 27125, 16, 24809, 69, 26283, 26491, 24874, 26594, 24878, 24731, 24939, 25915, 54, 25661, 16, 28171, 81, 16, 24596, 54, 195, 24656, 18, 26695, 27718, 24794, 24657, 24585, 28534, 25436, 6, 25375, 24595, 26463, 26949, 25243, 69, 24755, 24914, 26096, 25533, 25504, 24667, 24593, 26070, 24676, 24588, 24647, 24585, 28663, 11, 29549, 24656, 11, 18, 25404, 24762, 24627, 48, 24676, 24582, 26434, 93, 24595, 27342, 24605, 24584, 16, 69, 29764, 17, 25087, 26190, 24763, 24600, 24827, 29549, 24656, 43, 24865, 24668, 26148, 24951, 29789, 24833, 24838, 26560, 29821, 25826, 25285, 26463, 24725, 24713, 71, 25032, 87 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
34088325
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobong%20%28band%29
Kobong (band)
Kobong was a Polish experimental metal band active in Warsaw from 1994 to 1998. History The band was formed in Warsaw in 1994. Having recorded two studio albums, a self-titled debut album in 1995 and "Chmury nie było" in 1997, one of their songs was placed on the Polish soundtrack for the movie "Trainspotting". Kobong also performed during the premiere of Trainspotting in Poland (Kraków, Legnica, Warszawa, Poznań, Sopot). After the breakdown of Kobong, the musicians took up other musical projects, playing in bands such as Nyia and Samo. Bogdan Kondracki, the band's vocalist, is currently recognized as a musical producer, producing albums for artists like Monika Brodka and Ania Dąbrowska. In 2001, three original Kobong members (without Sadowski) formed the band Neuma. On 26 January 2005, Robert Sadowski died from a heart attack. Musical style Kobong's music was impulsive and original played with a highly experimental approach. The band was described as the precursor of "hard playing" in Poland, and stated that their music was influenced by bands such as Meshuggah. Discography 1995: Kobong 1997: Chmury nie było Band members Bogdan Kondracki – vocals, bass Robert Sadowski – guitar Wojciech Szymański – drums Maciej Miechowicz – guitar References Polish heavy metal musical groups Musical groups established in 1994 Musical groups disestablished in 1998 Polish musical quartets 1994 establishments in Poland
[ "K", "ob", "ong", "was", "a", "Polish", "experiment", "al", "metal", "band", "active", "in", "War", "saw", "from", "1994", "to", "1998", ".", "History", "The", "band", "was", "formed", "in", "War", "saw", "in", "1994", ".", "H", "aving", "recorded", "two", "studio", "albums", ",", "a", "self", "-", "titled", "debut", "album", "in", "1995", "and", "\"", "Ch", "m", "ury", "nie", "by", "ł", "o", "\"", "in", "1997", ",", "one", "of", "their", "songs", "was", "placed", "on", "the", "Polish", "sound", "track", "for", "the", "movie", "\"", "Tr", "ain", "sp", "ott", "ing", "\".", "K", "ob", "ong", "also", "performed", "during", "the", "prem", "i", "ere", "of", "Tr", "ain", "sp", "ott", "ing", "in", "Poland", "(", "Kr", "ak", "ó", "w", ",", "Leg", "n", "ica", ",", "War", "s", "z", "awa", ",", "Po", "z", "na", "ń", ",", "S", "op", "ot", ").", "After", "the", "break", "down", "of", "K", "ob", "ong", ",", "the", "musicians", "took", "up", "other", "musical", "projects", ",", "playing", "in", "band", "s", "such", "as", "N", "y", "ia", "and", "Sam", "o", ".", "B", "og", "d", "an", "K", "on", "dr", "ack", "i", ",", "the", "band", "'", "s", "vocal", "ist", ",", "is", "currently", "recognized", "as", "a", "musical", "producer", ",", "produ", "cing", "albums", "for", "artists", "like", "Mon", "ika", "Bro", "d", "ka", "and", "An", "ia", "D", "ą", "b", "row", "sk", "a", ".", "In", "2001", ",", "three", "original", "K", "ob", "ong", "members", "(", "without", "S", "ad", "ow", "ski", ")", "formed", "the", "band", "Ne", "um", "a", ".", "On", "26", "January", "2005", ",", "Robert", "S", "ad", "ow", "ski", "died", "from", "a", "heart", "attack", ".", "Mus", "ical", "style", "K", "ob", "ong", "'", "s", "music", "was", "imp", "ul", "s", "ive", "and", "original", "played", "with", "a", "highly", "experiment", "al", "approach", ".", "The", "band", "was", "described", "as", "the", "pre", "cur", "sor", "of", "\"", "hard", "playing", "\"", "in", "Poland", ",", "and", "stated", "that", "their", "music", "was", "influ", "enced", "by", "band", "s", "such", "as", "M", "esh", "ugg", "ah", ".", "Dis", "co", "graphy", "1995", ":", "K", "ob", "ong", "1997", ":", "Ch", "m", "ury", "nie", "by", "ł", "o", "Band", "members", "B", "og", "d", "an", "K", "on", "dr", "ack", "i", "–", "vocals", ",", "bass", "Robert", "S", "ad", "ow", "ski", "–", "guitar", "W", "o", "j", "c", "ie", "ch", "S", "zy", "ma", "ń", "ski", "–", "drums", "Mac", "ie", "j", "M", "ie", "ch", "ow", "ic", "z", "–", "guitar", "References", "Polish", "heavy", "metal", "musical", "groups", "Mus", "ical", "groups", "established", "in", "1994", "Mus", "ical", "groups", "dis", "established", "in", "1998", "Polish", "musical", "qu", "art", "ets", "1994", "establishments", "in", "Poland" ]
[ 47, 24870, 24728, 24625, 69, 27805, 29983, 24591, 29127, 25374, 26764, 24581, 25209, 26960, 24672, 26360, 24601, 26167, 18, 25592, 24627, 25374, 24625, 25648, 24581, 25209, 26960, 24581, 26360, 18, 44, 25723, 26507, 24907, 27500, 26451, 16, 69, 25965, 17, 28613, 26097, 25174, 24581, 26320, 24596, 6, 24698, 81, 24960, 29946, 24647, 289, 83, 6, 24581, 26252, 16, 24748, 24595, 24862, 26384, 24625, 26008, 24584, 24585, 27805, 27022, 26059, 24618, 24585, 28636, 6, 25024, 24667, 24878, 25568, 24599, 25157, 47, 24870, 24728, 24762, 26914, 25104, 24585, 27222, 77, 24671, 24595, 25024, 24667, 24878, 25568, 24599, 24581, 27813, 12, 26918, 24700, 210, 91, 16, 26463, 82, 25177, 16, 25209, 87, 94, 27539, 16, 26077, 94, 25901, 291, 16, 55, 24644, 24643, 24874, 25302, 24585, 27115, 25581, 24595, 47, 24870, 24728, 16, 24585, 28911, 25676, 24772, 24858, 27740, 29018, 16, 26628, 24581, 25374, 87, 25221, 24594, 50, 93, 24677, 24596, 26333, 83, 18, 38, 24776, 72, 24583, 47, 24584, 24815, 24765, 77, 16, 24585, 25374, 11, 87, 29788, 24641, 16, 24593, 27208, 29568, 24594, 69, 27740, 27417, 16, 25027, 27815, 26451, 24618, 26940, 25692, 25732, 28952, 26300, 72, 26631, 24596, 24800, 24677, 40, 228, 70, 25032, 25252, 69, 18, 24657, 25933, 16, 25151, 25967, 47, 24870, 24728, 25622, 12, 26443, 55, 24614, 24639, 27392, 13, 25648, 24585, 25374, 25486, 24656, 69, 18, 24964, 25552, 25352, 25710, 16, 26374, 55, 24614, 24639, 27392, 25727, 24672, 69, 28675, 26412, 18, 26583, 24757, 25698, 47, 24870, 24728, 11, 87, 25331, 24625, 27479, 24649, 87, 24723, 24596, 25967, 25350, 24651, 69, 29328, 29983, 24591, 27784, 18, 24627, 25374, 24625, 25896, 24594, 24585, 24970, 25069, 28510, 24595, 6, 26937, 26628, 6, 24581, 27813, 16, 24596, 27177, 24682, 24862, 25331, 24625, 26650, 27150, 24647, 25374, 87, 25221, 24594, 49, 26297, 28242, 24966, 18, 26276, 24869, 25485, 26320, 30, 47, 24870, 24728, 26252, 30, 24698, 81, 24960, 29946, 24647, 289, 83, 28545, 25622, 38, 24776, 72, 24583, 47, 24584, 24815, 24765, 77, 4992, 27184, 16, 27165, 26374, 55, 24614, 24639, 27392, 4992, 26682, 59, 83, 78, 71, 24716, 24610, 55, 27953, 25853, 291, 27392, 4992, 29481, 26365, 24716, 78, 49, 24716, 24610, 24639, 24597, 94, 4992, 26682, 24838, 27805, 28511, 29127, 27740, 26572, 26583, 24757, 26572, 25572, 24581, 26360, 26583, 24757, 26572, 24913, 25572, 24581, 26167, 27805, 27740, 24715, 24673, 25525, 26360, 26712, 24581, 27813 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
19511953
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcavelos%20DOC
Carcavelos DOC
Carcavelos is a Portuguese wine region centered on the Carcavelos municipality in Estremadura region and includes land near the cities of Cascais and Oeiras. The region has Portugal's highest wine classification as a Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC). Located at the very southern tip of the Estremadura region, the region has a long winemaking history dating back to the 18th century when Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, Marquis of Pombal owned vineyards here. The region is known for its fortified wine production, creating off dry, topaz colored wines that have nutty aromas and flavors. While once a thriving wine region, world-renowned in the 19th century for its tawny colored fortified wine, in the modern era Carcavelos has been devastated by real estate development in the suburbs of the capital city of Lisbon and nearby coastal city of Estoril. History While viticulture has likely existed in this region since Roman times, it was not until the Marquis of Pombal established the region as a winemaking center in the 18th century that Carcavelos came to be associated with wine. Pombal's actions were perhaps self-serving since he owned extensive vineyard on his estate in Oeiras. Prior to this, Pombal would sell his grapes to Port wine producers in the Douro, in violation of his own 1756 regulations establishing the Companhia Geral da Agricultura das Vinhas do Alto Douro (General Company of Viticulture of the Upper Douro or C.G.A.V.A.D.) which aimed to guarantee the authenticity of Port by mandating that it be made completely from Douro grapes. Pombal's estate eventually built a reputation for Carcavelos of fortified wine production. In the early 19th century, the wines were very popular with the British market in London, particularly at the auction houses. In 1908, the region was officially demarcated as Região Demarcada (an early precursor to the Denominação de Origem Controlada appellation system). However the 20th century has seen a rapid decline in viticulture in the region because of the urban sprawl expansion of the capital city of Lisbon and the nearby city of Estoril. By the turn of the 21st century only 25 acres (10 hectares) of vines remain, consisting mostly of what is left of Pombal's estate and two independent vineyards. In a fate similar to the other principal regions of the Lisboa VR-the Colares DOC and Bucelas DOC-there has been some spark of interest on the part of small independent winemakers to revive the historic legacy and indigenous grapes of the region so Carcavelos' fortunes may change in the future. Climate and geography Typical of the Estremadura, Carcavelos has a Mediterranean climate that is moderated by its close proximity to the mouth of the Tagus river. Grapes and winemaking Carcavelos can be a blend of up to nine different grapes. The principal grapes of the Carcavelos region includes Arinto, Boal, Galego Dourado, Negra Mole, Trincadeira and Torneiro . The wines are usually fermented completely dry with some fermenting must known as the vinho abafado containing some residual sugar set aside prior to the fermentation's completion. The wine is fortified with a distilled grape spirit to bring the wine up to an alcohol level of 18-20% and the vinho abafado is added back in to add sweetness to the wine. Carcavelos wines are then aged in oak barrels for three to five years to give the wines a tawny color and nutty flavor. See also List of Portuguese wine regions References Wine regions of Portugal Portuguese products with protected designation of origin Carcavelos e Parede
[ "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "is", "a", "Portuguese", "w", "ine", "region", "cent", "ered", "on", "the", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "municipality", "in", "Est", "rem", "ad", "ura", "region", "and", "includes", "land", "near", "the", "cities", "of", "Cas", "ca", "is", "and", "O", "e", "ir", "as", ".", "The", "region", "has", "Port", "ug", "al", "'", "s", "highest", "w", "ine", "class", "ification", "as", "a", "Den", "om", "ina", "ç", "ão", "de", "Or", "ig", "em", "Contr", "ol", "ada", "(", "D", "O", "C", ").", "Loc", "ated", "at", "the", "very", "southern", "t", "ip", "of", "the", "Est", "rem", "ad", "ura", "region", ",", "the", "region", "has", "a", "long", "win", "em", "aking", "history", "d", "ating", "back", "to", "the", "18th", "century", "when", "Se", "b", "ast", "i", "ão", "Jos", "é", "de", "Car", "val", "ho", "e", "Mel", "o", ",", "Mar", "qu", "is", "of", "P", "omb", "al", "owned", "v", "ine", "yards", "here", ".", "The", "region", "is", "known", "for", "its", "fort", "ified", "w", "ine", "production", ",", "cre", "ating", "off", "dr", "y", ",", "top", "az", "color", "ed", "w", "ines", "that", "have", "n", "ut", "ty", "ar", "om", "as", "and", "fl", "av", "ors", ".", "While", "once", "a", "thr", "iving", "w", "ine", "region", ",", "world", "-", "ren", "owned", "in", "the", "19th", "century", "for", "its", "t", "aw", "ny", "color", "ed", "fort", "ified", "w", "ine", ",", "in", "the", "modern", "era", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "has", "been", "de", "v", "ast", "ated", "by", "real", "estate", "development", "in", "the", "sub", "ur", "bs", "of", "the", "capital", "city", "of", "L", "is", "bon", "and", "nearby", "coast", "al", "city", "of", "E", "stor", "il", ".", "History", "While", "v", "it", "icult", "ure", "has", "likely", "exist", "ed", "in", "this", "region", "since", "Roman", "times", ",", "it", "was", "not", "until", "the", "Mar", "qu", "is", "of", "P", "omb", "al", "established", "the", "region", "as", "a", "win", "em", "aking", "center", "in", "the", "18th", "century", "that", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "came", "to", "be", "associated", "with", "w", "ine", ".", "P", "omb", "al", "'", "s", "actions", "were", "per", "h", "aps", "self", "-", "serving", "since", "he", "owned", "ext", "ensive", "v", "ine", "yard", "on", "his", "estate", "in", "O", "e", "ir", "as", ".", "Pr", "ior", "to", "this", ",", "P", "omb", "al", "would", "s", "ell", "his", "grap", "es", "to", "Port", "w", "ine", "produ", "c", "ers", "in", "the", "Dou", "ro", ",", "in", "viol", "ation", "of", "his", "own", "17", "56", "reg", "ulations", "establish", "ing", "the", "Comp", "an", "h", "ia", "G", "eral", "da", "Agr", "icult", "ura", "d", "as", "V", "in", "has", "do", "Al", "to", "Dou", "ro", "(", "General", "Company", "of", "V", "it", "icult", "ure", "of", "the", "Up", "per", "Dou", "ro", "or", "C", ".", "G", ".", "A", ".", "V", ".", "A", ".", "D", ".)", "which", "aim", "ed", "to", "gu", "ar", "an", "tee", "the", "au", "then", "tic", "ity", "of", "Port", "by", "mand", "ating", "that", "it", "be", "made", "complet", "ely", "from", "Dou", "ro", "grap", "es", ".", "P", "omb", "al", "'", "s", "estate", "eventually", "built", "a", "re", "put", "ation", "for", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "of", "fort", "ified", "w", "ine", "production", ".", "In", "the", "early", "19th", "century", ",", "the", "w", "ines", "were", "very", "popular", "with", "the", "British", "market", "in", "London", ",", "particularly", "at", "the", "au", "ction", "houses", ".", "In", "1908", ",", "the", "region", "was", "officially", "dem", "ar", "c", "ated", "as", "Reg", "i", "ão", "Dem", "ar", "c", "ada", "(", "an", "early", "pre", "cur", "sor", "to", "the", "Den", "om", "ina", "ç", "ão", "de", "Or", "ig", "em", "Contr", "ol", "ada", "app", "ell", "ation", "system", ").", "However", "the", "20th", "century", "has", "seen", "a", "rap", "id", "decl", "ine", "in", "v", "it", "icult", "ure", "in", "the", "region", "because", "of", "the", "urban", "s", "pr", "aw", "l", "exp", "ansion", "of", "the", "capital", "city", "of", "L", "is", "bon", "and", "the", "nearby", "city", "of", "E", "stor", "il", ".", "By", "the", "turn", "of", "the", "21st", "century", "only", "25", "ac", "res", "(", "10", "he", "ct", "ares", ")", "of", "v", "ines", "remain", ",", "consist", "ing", "mostly", "of", "what", "is", "left", "of", "P", "omb", "al", "'", "s", "estate", "and", "two", "independent", "v", "ine", "yards", ".", "In", "a", "f", "ate", "similar", "to", "the", "other", "princ", "ipal", "regions", "of", "the", "L", "is", "bo", "a", "V", "R", "-", "the", "Col", "ares", "D", "O", "C", "and", "B", "uc", "el", "as", "D", "O", "C", "-", "there", "has", "been", "some", "sp", "ark", "of", "interest", "on", "the", "part", "of", "small", "independent", "win", "em", "akers", "to", "rev", "ive", "the", "historic", "leg", "acy", "and", "ind", "igen", "ous", "grap", "es", "of", "the", "region", "so", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "'", "fort", "un", "es", "may", "change", "in", "the", "future", ".", "Cl", "imate", "and", "ge", "ography", "Ty", "p", "ical", "of", "the", "Est", "rem", "ad", "ura", ",", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "has", "a", "Med", "iter", "rane", "an", "cl", "imate", "that", "is", "mod", "er", "ated", "by", "its", "close", "pro", "x", "im", "ity", "to", "the", "mouth", "of", "the", "T", "ag", "us", "river", ".", "Gr", "ap", "es", "and", "win", "em", "aking", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "can", "be", "a", "bl", "end", "of", "up", "to", "nine", "different", "grap", "es", ".", "The", "princ", "ipal", "grap", "es", "of", "the", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "region", "includes", "Ar", "into", ",", "Bo", "al", ",", "G", "ale", "go", "D", "our", "ado", ",", "Ne", "gr", "a", "Mo", "le", ",", "Tr", "inc", "ade", "ira", "and", "Tor", "ne", "iro", ".", "The", "w", "ines", "are", "usually", "fer", "ment", "ed", "complet", "ely", "dr", "y", "with", "some", "fer", "ment", "ing", "must", "known", "as", "the", "vin", "ho", "ab", "af", "ado", "contain", "ing", "some", "res", "id", "ual", "su", "gar", "set", "as", "ide", "prior", "to", "the", "fer", "ment", "ation", "'", "s", "complet", "ion", ".", "The", "w", "ine", "is", "fort", "ified", "with", "a", "dist", "ill", "ed", "grap", "e", "spirit", "to", "bring", "the", "w", "ine", "up", "to", "an", "al", "co", "hol", "level", "of", "18", "-", "20", "%", "and", "the", "vin", "ho", "ab", "af", "ado", "is", "added", "back", "in", "to", "add", "s", "we", "et", "ness", "to", "the", "w", "ine", ".", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "w", "ines", "are", "then", "aged", "in", "o", "ak", "bar", "rel", "s", "for", "three", "to", "five", "years", "to", "give", "the", "w", "ines", "a", "t", "aw", "ny", "color", "and", "n", "ut", "ty", "fl", "av", "or", ".", "See", "also", "List", "of", "Portuguese", "w", "ine", "regions", "References", "W", "ine", "regions", "of", "Port", "ug", "al", "Portuguese", "products", "with", "prote", "cted", "design", "ation", "of", "origin", "Car", "c", "avel", "os", "e", "Par", "ed", "e" ]
[ 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 24593, 69, 29658, 91, 24734, 26436, 24804, 25351, 24584, 24585, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 28016, 24581, 29928, 25930, 24614, 27088, 26436, 24596, 27029, 24775, 25532, 24585, 28500, 24595, 28566, 25656, 24593, 24596, 51, 73, 24624, 24594, 18, 24627, 26436, 24808, 26170, 24880, 24591, 11, 87, 27794, 91, 24734, 25360, 26524, 24594, 69, 27102, 24605, 25110, 198, 29117, 24650, 25156, 24628, 24635, 29414, 24612, 27015, 12, 40, 51, 39, 24874, 27770, 24712, 24590, 24585, 25878, 27614, 88, 24696, 24595, 24585, 29928, 25930, 24614, 27088, 26436, 16, 24585, 26436, 24808, 69, 25444, 25857, 24635, 25540, 25838, 72, 25105, 25152, 24601, 24585, 29048, 25087, 25091, 24779, 70, 24745, 77, 29117, 27942, 200, 24650, 25198, 25595, 27593, 73, 26749, 83, 16, 24829, 24715, 24593, 24595, 52, 26104, 24591, 27085, 90, 24734, 29056, 28462, 18, 24627, 26436, 24593, 25137, 24618, 24783, 26683, 25798, 91, 24734, 26193, 16, 24912, 25105, 24894, 24815, 93, 16, 25318, 25022, 25705, 24588, 91, 25675, 24682, 24920, 82, 24660, 24819, 24592, 24605, 24594, 24596, 24949, 24668, 24903, 18, 26751, 26995, 69, 25093, 25113, 91, 24734, 26436, 16, 25750, 17, 26183, 27085, 24581, 24585, 27012, 25087, 24618, 24783, 88, 24766, 27091, 25705, 24588, 26683, 25798, 91, 24734, 16, 24581, 24585, 26757, 26268, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 24808, 24948, 24650, 90, 24745, 24712, 24647, 26169, 29326, 26266, 24581, 24585, 25097, 24615, 27868, 24595, 24585, 27447, 25491, 24595, 48, 24593, 27291, 24596, 28852, 27768, 24591, 25491, 24595, 41, 27006, 24608, 18, 25592, 26751, 90, 24598, 27240, 24794, 24808, 28447, 26744, 24588, 24581, 24927, 26436, 25570, 25957, 26418, 16, 24598, 24625, 24809, 25359, 24585, 24829, 24715, 24593, 24595, 52, 26104, 24591, 25572, 24585, 26436, 24594, 69, 25857, 24635, 25540, 25886, 24581, 24585, 29048, 25087, 24682, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 26206, 24601, 24636, 27948, 24651, 91, 24734, 18, 52, 26104, 24591, 11, 87, 27424, 24747, 24726, 76, 27152, 25965, 17, 27880, 25570, 24607, 27085, 25588, 26574, 90, 24734, 28257, 24584, 24684, 29326, 24581, 51, 73, 24624, 24594, 18, 24891, 25233, 24601, 24927, 16, 52, 26104, 24591, 25084, 87, 24731, 24684, 25068, 24589, 24601, 26170, 91, 24734, 25027, 71, 24629, 24581, 24585, 27322, 24619, 16, 24581, 26869, 24626, 24595, 24684, 24781, 24940, 28261, 24954, 28793, 25960, 24599, 24585, 25685, 24583, 76, 24677, 43, 25099, 26963, 29717, 27240, 27088, 72, 24594, 58, 24581, 24808, 25161, 24788, 24601, 27322, 24619, 12, 25991, 26478, 24595, 58, 24598, 27240, 24794, 24595, 24585, 26728, 24726, 27322, 24619, 24586, 39, 18, 43, 18, 37, 18, 58, 18, 37, 18, 40, 27551, 24763, 25661, 24588, 24601, 25309, 24592, 24583, 26246, 24585, 24786, 25115, 27230, 24683, 24595, 26170, 24647, 28761, 25105, 24682, 24598, 24636, 25167, 27828, 24959, 24672, 27322, 24619, 25068, 24589, 18, 52, 26104, 24591, 11, 87, 29326, 27235, 25679, 69, 24600, 25837, 24626, 24618, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 24595, 26683, 25798, 91, 24734, 26193, 18, 24657, 24585, 25551, 27012, 25087, 16, 24585, 91, 25675, 24747, 25878, 26383, 24651, 24585, 25320, 26915, 24581, 25712, 16, 28288, 24590, 24585, 24786, 24768, 28149, 18, 24657, 29636, 16, 24585, 26436, 24625, 28842, 25826, 24592, 71, 24712, 24594, 25458, 77, 29117, 25961, 24592, 71, 27015, 12, 24583, 25551, 24970, 25069, 28510, 24601, 24585, 27102, 24605, 25110, 198, 29117, 24650, 25156, 24628, 24635, 29414, 24612, 27015, 26212, 24731, 24626, 25490, 24874, 25805, 24585, 26025, 25087, 24808, 27098, 69, 26996, 24630, 26819, 24734, 24581, 90, 24598, 27240, 24794, 24581, 24585, 26436, 25936, 24595, 24585, 28285, 87, 24666, 24766, 80, 26201, 29622, 24595, 24585, 27447, 25491, 24595, 48, 24593, 27291, 24596, 24585, 28852, 25491, 24595, 41, 27006, 24608, 18, 25920, 24585, 26145, 24595, 24585, 26639, 25087, 25089, 25306, 24616, 24753, 12, 24975, 24607, 24637, 29112, 13, 24595, 90, 25675, 25645, 16, 27062, 24599, 28233, 24595, 26111, 24593, 25475, 24595, 52, 26104, 24591, 11, 87, 29326, 24596, 24907, 27756, 90, 24734, 29056, 18, 24657, 69, 74, 24688, 26473, 24601, 24585, 24858, 27732, 28829, 29925, 24595, 24585, 48, 24593, 24807, 69, 58, 54, 17, 24585, 24997, 29112, 40, 51, 39, 24596, 38, 24965, 24613, 24594, 40, 51, 39, 17, 25201, 24808, 24948, 25191, 24878, 24944, 24595, 27373, 24584, 24585, 24791, 24595, 25734, 27756, 25857, 24635, 28614, 24601, 29461, 24723, 24585, 28575, 25247, 26389, 24596, 24888, 28848, 24797, 25068, 24589, 24595, 24585, 26436, 25165, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 11, 26683, 24631, 24589, 25345, 26298, 24581, 24585, 27884, 18, 25046, 27211, 24596, 24721, 27070, 27421, 84, 24757, 24595, 24585, 29928, 25930, 24614, 27088, 16, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 24808, 69, 25536, 25898, 28939, 24583, 24691, 27211, 24682, 24593, 25357, 24582, 24712, 24647, 24783, 27256, 24685, 92, 24634, 24683, 24601, 24585, 28237, 24595, 24585, 56, 24638, 24640, 27483, 18, 25014, 24654, 24589, 24596, 25857, 24635, 25540, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 24995, 24636, 69, 25237, 24725, 24595, 24772, 24601, 28139, 26035, 25068, 24589, 18, 24627, 27732, 28829, 25068, 24589, 24595, 24585, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 26436, 27029, 24780, 25000, 16, 25255, 24591, 16, 43, 24988, 25192, 40, 24714, 26935, 16, 25486, 24699, 69, 25721, 24604, 16, 25024, 25290, 24899, 28146, 24596, 26621, 24687, 27543, 18, 24627, 91, 25675, 24686, 27263, 24720, 24718, 24588, 27828, 24959, 24815, 93, 24651, 25191, 24720, 24718, 24599, 27139, 25137, 24594, 24585, 27671, 27593, 24662, 24744, 26935, 26189, 24599, 25191, 24753, 24630, 25132, 24701, 26151, 25139, 24594, 24814, 27934, 24601, 24585, 24720, 24718, 24626, 11, 87, 27828, 24602, 18, 24627, 91, 24734, 24593, 26683, 25798, 24651, 69, 26079, 24689, 24588, 25068, 73, 29801, 24601, 28385, 24585, 91, 24734, 24772, 24601, 24583, 24591, 24869, 26547, 25846, 24595, 24722, 17, 24623, 9, 24596, 24585, 27671, 27593, 24662, 24744, 26935, 24593, 27220, 25152, 24581, 24601, 25301, 87, 24887, 24645, 26060, 24601, 24585, 91, 24734, 18, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 91, 25675, 24686, 25115, 26231, 24581, 83, 24700, 26403, 25050, 87, 24618, 25151, 24601, 25842, 25100, 24601, 28271, 24585, 91, 25675, 69, 88, 24766, 27091, 25705, 24596, 82, 24660, 24819, 24949, 24668, 24586, 18, 25404, 24762, 25831, 24595, 29658, 91, 24734, 29925, 24838, 59, 24734, 29925, 24595, 26170, 24880, 24591, 29658, 28891, 24651, 26265, 24955, 25405, 24626, 24595, 25366, 25198, 71, 29702, 24674, 73, 25251, 24588, 73 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
15752728
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deliver%20Me%20%28song%29
Deliver Me (song)
"Deliver Me" is a song originally released by The Beloved in 1996. In 1998, Sarah Brightman covered the song for her album Eden. It was a European only single. A second version was released as a charity single in aid of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake victims. Track listing European CD "Deliver Me" "Dust in the Wind" Taiwan Benefit CD "Deliver Me" "Nella Fantasia" "Deliver Me" (CD-ROM Video) Cover versions The Christian rock band David Crowder Band covered the song on their 2003 album Illuminate. Sister Bliss (of Faithless fame) covered the song as a single in 2001 in numerous countries, reaching No. 31 in the UK singles chart. It also featured backing vocals and guitar from folk hero John Martyn. Uses in other media The song was used at the ending of the 1999 film Brokedown Palace. A cover of the song was used in a New Zealand television advert for Steinlager beer References External links 'Deliver Me - Sarah Brightman' Review on ICELIA 1996 songs 1999 singles The Beloved (band) songs Sarah Brightman songs Songs written by Helena Marsh Songs written by Jon Marsh Song recordings produced by Frank Peterson 1990s ballads Charity singles
[ "\"", "Del", "iver", "Me", "\"", "is", "a", "song", "originally", "released", "by", "The", "Bel", "ov", "ed", "in", "1996", ".", "In", "1998", ",", "Sar", "ah", "Br", "ight", "man", "covered", "the", "song", "for", "her", "album", "Ed", "en", ".", "It", "was", "a", "European", "only", "single", ".", "A", "second", "version", "was", "released", "as", "a", "char", "ity", "single", "in", "aid", "of", "the", "1999", "Ch", "i", "-", "Ch", "i", "earth", "qu", "ake", "vict", "ims", ".", "Track", "listing", "European", "CD", "\"", "Del", "iver", "Me", "\"", "\"", "D", "ust", "in", "the", "Wind", "\"", "Tai", "wan", "B", "ene", "fit", "CD", "\"", "Del", "iver", "Me", "\"", "\"", "N", "ella", "F", "ant", "as", "ia", "\"", "\"", "Del", "iver", "Me", "\"", "(", "CD", "-", "R", "O", "M", "Video", ")", "C", "over", "versions", "The", "Christian", "rock", "band", "David", "C", "row", "der", "Band", "covered", "the", "song", "on", "their", "2003", "album", "Il", "l", "um", "in", "ate", ".", "S", "ister", "Bl", "iss", "(", "of", "F", "a", "ith", "less", "f", "ame", ")", "covered", "the", "song", "as", "a", "single", "in", "2001", "in", "numerous", "countries", ",", "reach", "ing", "No", ".", "31", "in", "the", "UK", "singles", "chart", ".", "It", "also", "featured", "back", "ing", "vocals", "and", "guitar", "from", "folk", "her", "o", "John", "Mart", "yn", ".", "U", "ses", "in", "other", "media", "The", "song", "was", "used", "at", "the", "ending", "of", "the", "1999", "film", "Bro", "ked", "own", "Pal", "ace", ".", "A", "cover", "of", "the", "song", "was", "used", "in", "a", "New", "Zealand", "television", "ad", "vert", "for", "Ste", "in", "l", "ag", "er", "be", "er", "References", "External", "links", "'", "Del", "iver", "Me", "-", "Sar", "ah", "Br", "ight", "man", "'", "Review", "on", "I", "CE", "L", "IA", "1996", "songs", "1999", "singles", "The", "Bel", "ov", "ed", "(", "band", ")", "songs", "Sar", "ah", "Br", "ight", "man", "songs", "Songs", "written", "by", "Hel", "ena", "Marsh", "Songs", "written", "by", "Jon", "Marsh", "Song", "record", "ings", "produced", "by", "Frank", "Peter", "son", "1990s", "ball", "ad", "s", "Char", "ity", "singles" ]
[ 6, 26697, 25140, 25443, 6, 24593, 69, 25256, 26985, 25385, 24647, 24627, 25952, 24658, 24588, 24581, 26234, 18, 24657, 26167, 16, 27450, 24966, 24980, 24789, 24710, 26590, 24585, 25256, 24618, 24803, 25174, 25420, 24587, 18, 24805, 24625, 69, 26085, 25089, 25789, 18, 37, 25179, 26147, 24625, 25385, 24594, 69, 25316, 24683, 25789, 24581, 25282, 24595, 24585, 26082, 24698, 77, 17, 24698, 77, 29927, 24715, 25019, 26532, 29523, 18, 28186, 29009, 26085, 26896, 6, 26697, 25140, 25443, 6, 6, 40, 24865, 24581, 24585, 28133, 6, 28711, 27573, 38, 25410, 28066, 26896, 6, 26697, 25140, 25443, 6, 6, 50, 26983, 42, 24738, 24594, 24677, 6, 6, 26697, 25140, 25443, 6, 12, 26896, 17, 54, 51, 49, 28895, 13, 39, 24752, 29679, 24627, 26635, 26516, 25374, 26148, 39, 25032, 24795, 28545, 26590, 24585, 25256, 24584, 24862, 25877, 25174, 26472, 80, 24656, 24581, 24688, 18, 55, 25291, 25241, 24897, 12, 24595, 42, 69, 24642, 25765, 74, 24741, 13, 26590, 24585, 25256, 24594, 69, 25789, 24581, 25933, 24581, 28161, 27273, 16, 26067, 24599, 25694, 18, 26156, 24581, 24585, 26493, 27548, 28304, 18, 24805, 24762, 27104, 25152, 24599, 27184, 24596, 26682, 24672, 28589, 24803, 83, 25149, 26285, 25828, 18, 57, 28859, 24581, 24858, 27063, 24627, 25256, 24625, 25030, 24590, 24585, 26303, 24595, 24585, 26082, 24932, 26300, 27060, 24781, 26074, 24852, 18, 37, 25445, 24595, 24585, 25256, 24625, 25030, 24581, 69, 24871, 26692, 25780, 24614, 27454, 24618, 25550, 24581, 80, 24638, 24582, 24636, 24582, 24838, 25065, 25051, 11, 26697, 25140, 25443, 17, 27450, 24966, 24980, 24789, 24710, 11, 29013, 24584, 45, 27644, 48, 29154, 26234, 26384, 26082, 27548, 24627, 25952, 24658, 24588, 12, 25374, 13, 26384, 27450, 24966, 24980, 24789, 24710, 26384, 28731, 26084, 24647, 27497, 26349, 29150, 28731, 26084, 24647, 28498, 29150, 26777, 25210, 24939, 26073, 24647, 26741, 26638, 24951, 28371, 24861, 24614, 87, 25627, 24683, 27548 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
10092756
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IFAF%20Asia
IFAF Asia
IFAF Asia is the governing body of American football in Asia. It is a member of the International Federation of American Football. IFAF Asia replaced the Asian Federation of American Football (AFAF) in 2012. The oldest of IFAF Asia federations is the Japan American Football Association (JAFA), which was founded in 1934. Events Asian Flag football Championship (Men), every two years. Asian beach Flag football championships. (Men), every two years. Beach flag football at the 2014 Asian Beach Games Members 2022 Members Asia (12) - 2007 - ? - 2005 - ? - 1946 - 2011 - 2017 - 2009 - 2007 - 2020 - ? - 2009 Former Countries (Thailand American Football Association) References External links IFAF Asia on the IFAF website International Federation of American Football
[ "I", "FA", "F", "Asia", "is", "the", "govern", "ing", "body", "of", "American", "football", "in", "Asia", ".", "It", "is", "a", "member", "of", "the", "International", "Federation", "of", "American", "Football", ".", "I", "FA", "F", "Asia", "replaced", "the", "Asian", "Federation", "of", "American", "Football", "(", "A", "FA", "F", ")", "in", "2012", ".", "The", "old", "est", "of", "I", "FA", "F", "Asia", "f", "eder", "ations", "is", "the", "Japan", "American", "Football", "Association", "(", "J", "A", "FA", "),", "which", "was", "founded", "in", "1934", ".", "Ev", "ents", "Asian", "Fl", "ag", "football", "Championship", "(", "Men", "),", "every", "two", "years", ".", "Asian", "be", "ach", "Fl", "ag", "football", "championship", "s", ".", "(", "Men", "),", "every", "two", "years", ".", "Beach", "flag", "football", "at", "the", "2014", "Asian", "Beach", "Games", "Members", "2022", "Members", "Asia", "(", "12", ")", "-", "2007", "-", "?", "-", "2005", "-", "?", "-", "1946", "-", "2011", "-", "2017", "-", "2009", "-", "2007", "-", "2020", "-", "?", "-", "2009", "Former", "Coun", "tries", "(", "Th", "ail", "and", "American", "Football", "Association", ")", "References", "External", "links", "I", "FA", "F", "Asia", "on", "the", "I", "FA", "F", "website", "International", "Federation", "of", "American", "Football" ]
[ 45, 26668, 42, 27920, 24593, 24585, 25344, 24599, 26581, 24595, 24868, 25128, 24581, 27920, 18, 24805, 24593, 69, 25537, 24595, 24585, 25731, 29478, 24595, 24868, 26178, 18, 45, 26668, 42, 27920, 27196, 24585, 27571, 29478, 24595, 24868, 26178, 12, 37, 26668, 42, 13, 24581, 25512, 18, 24627, 24867, 24655, 24595, 45, 26668, 42, 27920, 74, 26223, 24833, 24593, 24585, 25514, 24868, 26178, 26196, 12, 46, 37, 26668, 24758, 24763, 24625, 26409, 24581, 28812, 18, 27156, 24883, 27571, 25487, 24638, 25128, 25658, 12, 26385, 24758, 26237, 24907, 25100, 18, 27571, 24636, 24769, 25487, 24638, 25128, 27405, 87, 18, 12, 26385, 24758, 26237, 24907, 25100, 18, 29213, 29435, 25128, 24590, 24585, 25590, 27571, 29213, 26378, 27585, 25862, 27585, 27920, 12, 25074, 13, 17, 25557, 17, 35, 17, 25710, 17, 35, 17, 27977, 17, 25476, 17, 25630, 17, 25531, 17, 25557, 17, 25642, 17, 35, 17, 25531, 29400, 24989, 26700, 12, 24824, 24916, 24596, 24868, 26178, 26196, 13, 24838, 25065, 25051, 45, 26668, 42, 27920, 24584, 24585, 45, 26668, 42, 26658, 25731, 29478, 24595, 24868, 26178 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
1270879
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan-Celticism
Pan-Celticism
Pan-Celticism (, Scottish Gaelic: Pan-Cheilteachas, Breton: Pan-Keltaidd, Welsh: Pan-Geltaidd, Cornish: Pan-Keltaidd, Manx: Pan-Cheltaghys), also known as Celticism or Celtic nationalism is a political, social and cultural movement advocating solidarity and cooperation between Celtic nations (both the Brythonic and Gaelic branches) and the modern Celts in Northwestern Europe. Some pan-Celtic organisations advocate the Celtic nations seceding from the United Kingdom and France and forming their own separate federal state together, while others simply advocate very close cooperation between independent sovereign Celtic nations, in the form of Breton nationalism, Cornish nationalism, Irish nationalism, Manx nationalism, Scottish nationalism, and Welsh nationalism. As with other pan-nationalist movements such as pan-Americanism, pan-Arabism, pan-Germanism, pan-Hispanism, pan-Iranism, pan-Latinism, pan-Slavism, pan-Turanianism, and others, the pan-Celtic movement grew out of Romantic nationalism and specific to itself, the Celtic Revival. The pan-Celtic movement was most prominent during the 19th and 20th centuries (roughly 1838 until 1939). Some early pan-Celtic contacts took place through the Gorsedd and the Eisteddfod, while the annual Celtic Congress was initiated in 1900. Since that time the Celtic League has become the prominent face of political pan-Celticism. Initiatives largely focused on cultural Celtic cooperation, rather than explicitly politics, such as music, arts and literature festivals, are usually referred to instead as inter-Celtic. Terminology There is some controversy surrounding the term Celts. One such example was the Celtic League's Galician crisis. This was a debate over whether the Spanish region of Galicia should be admitted. The application was rejected on the basis of a lack of a presence of a Celtic language. Some Austrians claim that they have a Celtic heritage that became Romanized under Roman rule and later Germanized after Germanic invasions. Austria is the location of the first characteristically Celtic culture to exist. After the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany in 1938, in October 1940 a writer from the Irish Press interviewed Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger who spoke of Celtic heritage of Austrians, saying "I believe there is a deeper connection between us Austrians and the Celts. Names of places in the Austrian Alps are said to be of Celtic origin." Contemporary Austrians express pride in having Celtic heritage and Austria possesses one of the largest collections of Celtic artefacts in Europe. Organisations such as the Celtic Congress and the Celtic League use the definition that a 'Celtic nation' is a nation with recent history of a traditional Celtic language. History Modern conception of the Celtic peoples Before the Roman Empire and the rise of Christianity, people lived in Iron Age Britain and Ireland, speaking languages from which the modern Gaelic languages (including Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Manx) and Brythonic languages (including Welsh, Breton and Cornish) descend. These people, along with others in Continental Europe who once spoke now extinct languages from the same Indo-European branch (such as the Gauls, Celtiberians and Galatians), have been retroactively referred to in a collective sense as the Celts, particularly in a wide spread manner since the turn of the 18th century. Variations of the term "Celt", such as Keltoi had been used in antiquity by the Greeks and the Romans to refer to some groups of these people, such as Herodotus' use of it in regards to the Gauls. The modern usage of "Celt" in reference to these cultures grew up gradually. A pioneer in the field was George Buchanan, a 16th-century Scottish scholar, Renaissance humanist and tutor to king James IV of Scotland. From a Scottish Gaelic-speaking family, Buchanan in his Rerum Scoticarum Historia (1582), went over the writings of Tacitus who had discussed the similarity between the language of the Gauls and the ancient Britons. Buchanan concluded, if the Gauls were Celtae, as they were described as in Roman sources, then the Britons were Celtae too. He began to see a pattern in place names and concluded that the Britons and Irish Gaels once spoke one Celtic language which later diverged. It wouldn't be until over a century later when these ideas were widely popularised; first by the Breton scholar Paul-Yves Pezron in his Antiquité de la Nation et de la langue celtes autrement appelez Gaulois (1703) and then by the Welsh scholar Edward Lhuyd in his Archaeologia Britannica: An Account of the Languages, Histories and Customs of the Original Inhabitants of Great Britain (1707). By the time the modern concept of the Celts as a people had emerged, their fortunes had declined substantially, taken over by Germanic people. Firstly, the Celtic Britons of sub-Roman Britain were swamped by a tide of Anglo-Saxon settlement from the fifth century on and lost most of their territory to them. They were subsequently referred to as the Welsh people and the Cornish people. A group of these fled Britain altogether and settled in Continental Europe in Armorica, becoming the Breton people. The Gaels for a while actually expanded, pushing out of Ireland to conquer Pictland in Britain, establishing Alba by the ninth century. From the 11th century onward, the arrival of the Normans, caused problems not only for the English but also for the Celts. The Normans invaded the Welsh kingdoms (establishing the Principality of Wales), the Irish kingdoms (establishing the Lordship of Ireland) and took control of the Scottish monarchy through intermarrying. This advance was often done in conjunction with the Catholic Church's Gregorian Reform, which was centralising the religion in Europe. The dawning of early modern Europe affected the Celtic peoples in ways which saw what small amount of independence they had left firmly subordinated to the emerging British Empire and in the case of the Duchy of Brittany, the Kingdom of France. Although both the Kings of England (the Tudors) and the Kings of Scotland (the Stewarts) of the day claimed Celtic ancestry and used this in Arthurian cultural motifs to lay the basis for a British monarchy ("British" being suggested by Elizabethan John Dee), both dynasties promoted a centralising policy of Anglicisation. The Gaels of Ireland lost their last kingdoms to the Kingdom of Ireland after the Flight of the Earls in 1607, while the Statutes of Iona attempted to de-Gaelicise the Highland Scots in 1609. The effects of these initiates were mixed, but took from the Gaels their natural leadership element, which had patronised their culture. Under Anglocentric British rule, the Celtic-speaking peoples were reduced to a marginalised, largely poor people, small farmers and fishermen, clinging to the coast of the North Atlantic. Following the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, greater multitudes were Anglicised and fled into a diaspora around the British Empire as an industrial proletariat. Further de-Gaelicisation took place for the Irish during the Great Hunger and the Highland Scots during the Highland Clearances. Similarly for the Bretons, after the French Revolution, the Jacobins demanded greater centralisation, against regional identities and for Francization, enacted by the French Directory in 1794. However, Napoleon Bonaparte was greatly attracted to the romantic image of the Celt, which was partly based on Jean-Jacques Rousseau's glorification of the noble savage and the popularity of James Macpherson's Ossianic tales throughout Europe. Bonaparte's nephew, Napoleon III, would later have the Vercingétorix monument erected to honour the Celtic Gaulish leader. Indeed, in France the phrase "nos ancêtres les Gaulois" (our ancestors the Gauls) was invoked by Romantic nationalists, typically in a republican fashion, to refer to the majority of the people, contrary to the aristocracy (claimed to be of Frankish-Germanic descent). Dawning of Pan-Celticism as a political idea Following the dying down of Jacobitism as a political threat in Britain and Ireland, with the firm establishment of Hanoverian Britain under the liberal, rationalist philosophy of the Enlightenment, a backlash of Romanticism in the late 18th century occurred and "the Celt" was rehabilitated in literature, in a movement which is sometimes known as "Celtomania." The most prominent native representatives of the initial stages of this Celtic Revival were James Macpherson, author of the Poems of Ossian (1761) and Iolo Morganwg, founder of the Gorsedd. The imagery of the "Celtic World" also inspired English and Lowland Scots poets such as Blake, Wordsworth, Byron, Shelley and Scott. In particular the Druids inspired fascination for outsiders, as English and French antiquarians, such as William Stukeley, John Aubrey, Théophile Corret de la Tour d'Auvergne and Jacques Cambry, began to associate ancient megaliths and dolmens with the Druids. In the 1820s, early pan-Celtic contacts began to develop, firstly between the Welsh and the Bretons, as Thomas Price and Jean-François Le Gonidec worked together to translate the New Testament into Breton. The two men were champions of their respective languages and both highly influential in their own countries. It was in this spirit that a Pan-Celtic Congress took place at the Cymreigyddion y Fennis annual Eisteddfod in Abergavenny in 1838, where Bretons attended. Among these participants was Théodore Hersart de La Villemarqué, author of the Macpherson-Morganwg influenced Barzaz Breiz, who imported the Gorsedd idea into Brittany. Indeed, the Breton nationalists would be the most enthusiastic pan-Celticists, acting as a lynch-pin between the different parts; "trapped" within another state (France), this allowed them to draw strength from kindred peoples across the Channel and they also shared a strong attachment to the Catholic faith with the Irish. Across Europe, modern Celtic Studies were developing as an academic discipline. The Germans led the way in the field with Indo-European linguist Franz Bopp in 1838, followed up by Johann Kaspar Zeuss' Grammatica Celtica (1853). Indeed, as German power was growing in rivalry with France and England, the Celtic Question was of interest to them and they were able to perceive the shift towards Celtic-based nationalisms. Heinrich Zimmer, the Professor of Celtic at Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin (predecessor of Kuno Meyer), spoke in 1899 of the powerful agitation in the "Celtic fringe of the United Kingdom's rich overcoat" and predicted that pan-Celticism would become a political force as important to the future of European politics as the much more established movements of pan-Germanism and pan-Slavism. Other academic treatments included Ernest Renan's La Poésie des races celtiques (1854) and Matthew Arnold's The Study of Celtic Literature (1867). The attention given by Arnold was a double-edged sword; he lauded Celtic poetic and musical achievements, but effeminised them and suggested they needed the cement of a sober, orderly Anglo-Saxon rule. A concept arose among some European philologists, particularly articulated by Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel, whereby the "care of the national language is a sacred trust", or put more simply, "no language, no nation." This dictum was also adopted by nationalists in Celtic nations, particularly Thomas Davis of the Young Ireland movement, who, contrary to the earlier Catholic-based "civic rights" activism of a Daniel O'Connell, asserted an Irish nationalism where the Irish language would become hegemonic once again. As he claimed a "people without a language of its own is only half a nation." In a less explicitly political context, language revivalist groups emerged such as the Society for the Preservation of the Irish Language, which would later become the Gaelic League. In a Pan-Celtic context, Charles de Gaulle (uncle of the more famous General Charles de Gaulle), who involved himself in Breton autonomism and advocated for a Celtic Union in 1864, argued that "so long as a conquered people speaks another language than their conquers, the best part of them remains free." De Gaulle corresponded with people in Brittany, Ireland, Scotland and Wales, arguing that each needed to cooperate in a spirit of Celtic unity and above all defend their native languages or otherwise their position as Celtic nations would be extinct. A Pan-Celtic review was founded by de Gaulle's comrade Henri Gaidoz in 1873, known as Revue Celtique. In 1867 de Gaulle organised the first ever Pan-Celtic gathering in Saint-Brieuc, Brittany. No Irish attended and the guests were mainly Welsh and Breton. T. E. Ellis, the leader of Cymru Fydd was a proponent of Pan-Celticism, stating "We must work for bringing together Celtic reformers and Celtic peoples. The interests of Irishmen, Welshmen and [Scottish] Crofters are almost identical. Their past history is very similar, their present oppressors are the same and their immediate wants are the same. Pan-Celtic Congress and the Celtic Association era The first major Pan-Celtic Congress was organised by Edmund Edward Fournier d'Albe and Bernard FitzPatrick, 2nd Baron Castletown, under the auspices of their Celtic Association and was held in August 1901 in Dublin. This had followed on from an earlier sentiment of pan-Celtic feeling at the National Eisteddfod of Wales, held in Liverpool in 1900. Another influence was Fournier's attendance at Feis Ceoil in the late 1890s, which drew musicians from the different Celtic nations. The two leaders formed somewhat of an idiosyncratic pair; Fournier, of French parentage embraced an ardent Hibernophilia and learned the Irish language, while FitzPatrick descended from ancient Irish royalty (the Mac Giolla Phádraig of Osraige), but was serving in the British Army and had earlier been a Conservative MP (indeed, the original Pan-Celtic Congress was delayed for a year because of the Second Boer War). The main intellectual organ of the Celtic Association was Celtia: A Pan-Celtic Monthly Magazine, edited by Fournier, which ran from January 1901 until 1904 and was briefly revived in 1907 before finally ending for good in May 1908. Its inception was welcomed by Breton François Jaffrennou. An unrelated publication "The Celtic Review" was founded in 1904 and ran until 1908. Historian Justin Dolan Stover of Idaho State University describes the movement as having "uneven successes". In total, the Celtic Association was able to organise three Pan-Celtic Congresses: Dublin (1901), Caernarfon (1904) and Edinburgh (1907). Each of these opened with an elaborate neo-druidic ceremony, with the laying of the Lia Cineil ("Race Stone"), which drew inspiration from the Lia Fáil and Stone of Scone. The stone was five foot high and consisted of five granite blocks, each with a letter of the respective Celtic nation etched into it in their own language (i.e. - "E" for Ireland, "A" for Scotland, "C" for Wales). At the laying of the stone, the Archdruid of the Eisteddfod, Hwfa Môn would say three times in Gaelic, while holding a partly unsheathed sword, "Is there peace?" to which the people responded "Peace." The symbolism inherent in this was meant to represent a counterpoise to the British Empire's assimilating Anglo-Saxonism as articulated by the likes of Rudyard Kipling. For the pan-Celts, they imagined a restored "Celtic race", but where each Celtic people would have its own national space without assimilating all into a uniformity. The Lia Cineil was also intended as a phallic symbol, referencing the ancient megaliths historically associated with the Celts and overturning the "feminisation of the Celts by their Saxon neighbours." The response of the most advanced and militant nationalism of a "Celtic" people; Irish nationalism; was mixed. The pan-Celts were lampooned by D. P. Moran in The Leader, under the title of "Pan-Celtic Farce." The folk costumes and druidic aesthetics were especially mocked, meanwhile Moran, who associated Irish nationality with Catholicism, was suspicious of the Protestantism of both Fournier and FitzPatrick. The participation of the latter as a "Tommy Atkins" against the Boers (whom Irish nationalists supported with the Irish Transvaal Brigade) was also highlighted as unsound. Moran concluded that pan-Celticism was "parasitic" from Irish nationalism, created by a "foreigner" (Fournier) and sought to misdirect Irish energies. Others were less polemical; opinion in the Gaelic League was divided and though they elected not to send an official representative, some members did attend Congress meetings (including Douglas Hyde, Patrick Pearse and Michael Davitt). More enthusiastic was Lady Gregory, who imagined an Ireland-led "Pan-Celtic Empire", while William Butler Yeats also attended the Dublin meeting. Prominent Gaelic League activists such as Pearse, Edward Martyn, John St. Clair Boyd, Thomas William Rolleston, Thomas O'Neill Russell, Maxwell Henry Close and William Gibson all made financial contributions to the Pan-Celtic Congress. Ruaraidh Erskine was an attendant. Erskine himself was an advocate of a "Gaelic confederation" between Ireland and Scotland. David Lloyd George, who would later to go on to be the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, delivered a speech at the 1904 Celtic Congress. Breton Regionalist Union founder Régis de l'Estourbeillon attended the 1907 congress, headed the Breton faction of the procession and placed the Breton stone on the Lia Cineill. Henry Jenner, Arthur William Moore and John Crichton-Stuart, fourth Marquess of Bute likewise attended the 1907 congress. Erskine made an effort to set up a "union of Welsh, Scots and Irish with a view to action on behalf of Celtic communism". He wrote to Thomas Gwynn Jones asking for suggestions on Welshmen to invite to London for a meeting on setting such a thing up. It is unknown if such a meeting ever took place. In Paris, 1912 the "La Ligue Celtique Francaise" was launched and had a magazine called "La Poetique" which published news and literature from all around the Celtic world. Pan-Celticism after the Easter Rising Celtic nationalisms were boosted immensely by the Irish Easter Rising of 1916, where a group of revolutionaries belonging to the Irish Republican Brotherhood struck militantly against the British Empire during the First World War to assert an Irish Republic. Part of their political vision, building on earlier Irish-Ireland policies was a re-Gaelicisation of Ireland: that is to say a de-colonisation of Anglo cultural, linguistic and economic hegemony and a re-assertion of the native Celtic culture. After the initial rising, their politics coalesced in Ireland around Sinn Féin. In other Celtic nations, groups were founded holding similar views and voiced solidarity with Ireland during the Irish War of Independence: this included the Breton-journal Breiz Atao, the Scots National League of Ruaraidh Erskine and various figures in Wales who would later go on to found Plaid Cymru. The presence of James Connolly and the October Revolution in Russia taking place at the same time, also led some to imagine a Celtic socialism or communism; an idea associated with Erskine, as well as the revolutionary John Maclean and William Gillies. Erskine claimed the "collectivist ethos in the Celtic past", had been, "undermined by Anglo-Saxon values of greed and selfishness." The hope of some Celtic nationalists that a semi-independent Ireland could act as a springboard for Irish Republican Army-esque equivalents for their own nations and the "liberation" of the rest of the Celtosphere would prove a disappointment. A militant Scottish volunteer force founded by Gillies, Fianna na hAlba; which like the Óglaigh na hÉireann advocated republicanism and Gaelic nationalism; was discouraged by Michael Collins who advised Gillies that the British state was stronger in Scotland than Ireland and that public opinion was more against them. Once the Irish Free State was established, the ruling parties; Fine Gael or Fianna Fáil; were content to engage in inter-governmental diplomacy with the British state in an effort to have returned the counties in Northern Ireland, rather than supporting Celtic nationalist militants within Britain. The Irish state, particularly under Éamon de Valera did make some effort on the cultural and linguistic front in regards to Pan-Celticism. For instance in the summer of 1947, the Irish Taoiseach de Valera visited the Isle of Man and met with Manxman, Ned Maddrell. While there he had the Irish Folklore Commission make recordings of the last, old, native Manx Gaelic-speakers, including Maddrell. Post-war initiatives and the Celtic League A group called "Aontacht na gCeilteach" (Celtic Unity) was set up to promote the pan-Celtic vision in November 1942. It was headed by Éamonn Mac Murchadha. MI5 believed it to be a secret front for the Irish fascist party Ailtiri na hAiseirghe and was to serve as "a rallying point for Irish, Scottish, Welsh and Breton nationalists". The group had the same postal address as the party. At its foundation the group stated that "the present system is utterly repugnant to the celtic conception of life" and called for a new order based upon a "distinctive celtic philosophy". Ailtiri na hAiseirghe itself had a pan-Celtic vision and had established contacts with pro-Welsh independence political party Plaid Cymru and Scottish independence activist Wendy Wood. One day the party covered South Dublin city with posters saying "Rhyddid i Gymru" (Freedom for Wales) Rhisiart Tal-e-bot, former President of the European Free Alliance Youth is a member. The rejuvenation of Irish republicanism during the post-war period and into The Troubles had some inspiration not only for other Celtic nationalists, but militant nationalists from other "small nations", such as the Basques with the ETA. Indeed, this was particularly pertinent to the secessionist nationalisms of Spain, as the era of Francoist Spain was coming to a close. As well as this, there was renewed interest in all things Celtic in the 1960s and 1970s. In a less militant fashion, elements within Galician nationalism and Asturian nationalism began to court Pan-Celticism, attending the Festival Interceltique de Lorient and the Pan Celtic Festival at Killarney, as well as joining the International Section of the Celtic League. Although this region had once been under Iberian Celts, had a strong resonance in Gaelic mythology (i.e. - Breogán) and even during the Early Middle Ages had a small enclave of Celtic Briton emigrants at Britonia (similar to the case with Brittany), no Celtic language had been spoken there since the eighth century and today they speak Romance languages. During the so-called "Galician crisis" of 1986, the Galicians were admitted to the Celtic League as a Celtic nation (Paul Mosson had argued for their inclusion in Carn since 1980). This was subsequently overturned the following year, as the Celtic League reaffirmed the Celtic languages as the integral and defining factor in what is a Celtic nation. 21st century Following the Brexit referendum there were calls for Pan-Celtic Unity. In November 2016, the First Minister of Scotland, Nicola Sturgeon stated the idea of a "Celtic Corridor" of the island of Ireland and Scotland appealed to her. In January 2019 the leader of the Welsh nationalist Plaid Cymru party, Adam Price spoke in favour of cooperation among the Celtic nations of Britain and Ireland following Brexit. Among his proposals were a Celtic Development Bank for joint infrastructure and investment projects in energy, transport and communications in Ireland, Wales, Scotland, and the Isle of Man, and the foundation of a Celtic union, the structure of which is already existent in the Good Friday Agreement according to Price. Speaking to RTÉ, the Irish national broadcaster he proposed Wales and Ireland working together to promote the indigenous languages of each nation. Blogger Owen Donavan published, on his blog State of Wales, his views on a Celtic confederation, "a voluntary union of sovereign nation-states – between Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. The Isle of Man would presumably be a candidate for inclusion too. Cornwall and Brittany could be added as future members if they can attain a measure of self-government." He also considered a Celtic Council, a similar co-operation that was proposed by Adam Price. Journalist Jamie Dalgety has also proposed the concept of a Celtic Union involving Scotland and Ireland but suggests that lack of support for Welsh independence may mean that a Gaelic Celtic Union involving may be more appropriate. Bangor University lecturer and journalist, Ifan Morgan Jones has suggested that "a short-term fix for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland might be a greater degree of cooperation with each other, as a union within a union." he also suggested that "If they could find a way of working together in their mutual interest, that’s a fair degree of combined influence, particular if the next General Election produces a hung parliament." Anti-Celticism A movement among some archeologists known as "Celtoscepticism" emerged from the late 1980s, through the 1990s. This school of thought, initiated by John Collis sought to undermine the basis of Celticism and cast doubts on the legitimacy of the very concept or any usage of the term "Celts". This strain of thought was particularly hostile to all but archaeological evidence. Partly a reaction to the rise in Celtic devolutionist tendencies, these scholars were opposed to describing the Iron Age people of Britain as Celtic Britons and even disliked the use of the phrase Celtic in describing the Celtic language family. Collis, an Englishman from the University of Cambridge, was hostile to the methodology of German professor Gustaf Kossinna and was hostile to Celts as an ethnic identity coalescing around a concept of hereditary ancestry, culture and language (claiming this was "racist"). Aside from this Collis was hostile to the use of Classical literature and Irish literature as a source for the Iron Age period, as exemplified by Celtic scholars such as Barry Cunliffe. Throughout the duration of the debate on the historicity of the ancient Celts, John T. Koch stated that it is "the scientific fact of a Celtic family of languages that has weathered unscathed the Celtosceptic controversy." Collis was not the only figure in this field. The two other figures most prominent in the field were Malcolm Chapman with his The Celts: The Construction of a Myth (1992) and Simon James of the University of Leicester with his The Atlantic Celts: Ancient People or Modern Invention? (1999). In particular, James engaged in a particularly heated exchange with Vincent Megaw (and his wife Ruth) on the pages of Antiquity. The Megaws (along with others such as Peter Berresford Ellis) suspected a politically motivated agenda; driven by English nationalist resentment and anxiety at British Imperial decline; in the whole premise of Celtosceptic theorists (such as Chapman, Nick Merriman and J. D. Hill) and that the anti-Celtic position was a reaction to the formation of a Scottish Parliament and Welsh Assembly. For his part, James stepped forward to defend his fellow Celtosceptics, claiming that their rejection of the Celtic idea was politically motivated, but invoked "multiculturalism" and sought to deconstruct the past and imagine it as more "diverse", rather than a Celtic uniformity. Attempts to identify a distinct Celtic Race were made by the "Harvard Archaeological Mission to Ireland" in the 1930s, led by Earnest Hooton, which drew the conclusions needed by its sponsor-government. The findings were vague and did not stand up to scrutiny, and were not pursued after 1945. The genetic studies by David Reich suggest that the Celtic areas had three major population changes, and that the last group in the Iron Age, who spoke Celtic languages, had arrived in about 1000 BCE, after the building of iconic supposedly-Celtic monuments like Stonehenge and Newgrange. Reich confirmed that the Indo-European root of the Celtic languages reflected a population shift, and was not just a linguistic adoption. Manifestations Pan-Celticism can operate on one or all of the following levels listed below: Linguistics Linguistic organisations promote linguistic ties, notably the Gorsedd in Wales, Cornwall and Brittany, and the Irish government-sponsored Columba Initiative between Ireland and Scotland. Often, there is a split here between the Irish, Scots and Manx, who use Q-Celtic Goidelic languages, and the Welsh, Cornish and Bretons, who speak P-Celtic Brythonic languages. Music Music is a notable aspect of Celtic cultural links. Inter-Celtic festivals have been gaining popularity, and some of the most notable include those at Lorient, Killarney, Kilkenny, Letterkenny and Celtic Connections in Glasgow. Sports Wrestling There are similarities across Celtic wrestling styles, with many commentators suggesting that this indicates they stem from a common style. In the Middle Ages it is known that the "champions from the Emerald Isle (the Green Island or Ireland) met the Cornish regularly to wrestle". The Irish style is known as Collar-and-elbow wrestling and uses a "jacket" as does Cornish wrestling. This was still true in the 1800s when Irish champions regularly came to London to wrestle Cornish and Devonian champions.Wrestling, Weekly Dispatch (London), 23 November 1828, p5.Wrestling, Morning Advertiser, 30 May 1849, p3. Cornwall and Brittany have similar wrestling styles (Cornish wrestling and Gouren respectively). There have been matches between wrestlers in these styles over centuries. For example, in 1551 between Cornish soldiers, involved with Edward VI's investing Henri II with the Order of the Garter, and Breton "farmers". There is folklore that fishing disputes between Cornish and Breton fishermen were settled with wrestling matches. More formally Inter-Celtic championships between Cornwall and Brittany started in 1928, but became less frequent since the 1980s.Historic Event - Bretons hosted at Cornish Gorsedd, Western Mail, 27 August 1929, p6. The Celtic wrestling championship started in 1985 comprising Gouren and Scottish Backhold or Cumberland and Westmorland wrestling and sometimes other styles such as Cornish wrestling. Teams that have competed in the Celtic wrestling championship include: Brittany Canaries Cornwall England Fryslan Iceland Ireland Leon Salzburg Sardinia Scotland Sweden Hurling and Shinty Ireland and Scotland play each other at hurling/shinty internationals. Handball As with Hurling and Shinty, Irish handball and Welsh handball () share an ancient Celtic origin, but over the centuries they developed into two sepereate sport with different rules and international organisations. Informal inter-Celtic matches were very likely a feature of industrial south Wales in the nineteenth century, with Irish immigrant workers said to have enjoyed playing the Welsh game. However, attempts to play formal inter-Celtic matches would only begin after the formation of The Welsh Handball Association in 1987. The association was tasked with playing international matches against nations with similar sports such as Ireland, USA (American Handball) and England (Fives). To facilitate international competition, a new set of rules were devised, and even Wales' most famous Pêl-Law court (The Nelson Court) was given new markings, more in-keeping with the Irish game. Meaningful Welsh-Irish matches finally became a reality in October 1994, with "The One Wall World Championships" held in Dublin and an inaugural "European One Wall Handball Tournament" held at three courts across south Wales the following May. The 1990s was the high point for these inter-Celtic rivalries, The success of Wales' Lee Davies (World Champion in 1997) saw large crowds and high public interest. In recent years however, the decline of Handball in Wales has seen little interest in inter-Celtic competition. Rugby A Pan-Celtic rugby tournament had been the subject of intermittent discussions throughout the early years of professionalism. The first material steps toward a Pan-Celtic league were taken in the 1999–2000 season, when the Scottish districts Edinburgh and Glasgow were invited to join the fully professional Welsh Premier Division, creating the Welsh–Scottish League. In 2001, the four provinces of the Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) joined, with the new format being named the Celtic League'''. Today, the tournament is known as the United Rugby Championship, and has since expanded into Italy and South Africa, with no plans for expansion into the other Celtic nations. However, inter-Celtic rivalries continue within the league, under the legal name of the body running the competition Celtic Rugby DAC. In Women's rugby union, The IRFU, WRU and SRU established the Celtic Challenge competition in 2023. While the first tournament was contested by one team from each nation (Combined Provinces XV, Welsh Developmment XV and the Thistles), it is hoped that the tournament will expand to six competing teams (two from each union) in 2024, with further expansions planned over the next 3 to 5 years. Political Political groups such as the Celtic League, along with Plaid Cymru and the Scottish National Party have co-operated at some levels in the Parliament of the United Kingdom, and Plaid Cymru has asked questions in Parliament about Cornwall and cooperates with Mebyon Kernow. The Regional Council of Brittany, the governing body of the Region of Brittany, has developed formal cultural links with the Welsh Senedd and there are fact-finding missions. Political pan-Celticism can be taken to include everything from a full federation of independent Celtic states, to occasional political visits. During the Troubles, the Provisional IRA adopted a policy of not mounting attacks in Scotland and Wales, as they viewed England (having been the nation which initially invaded Ireland) alone as the colonial force occupying Ireland. This was also possibly influenced by the IRA chief of staff Seán Mac Stíofáin (John Stephenson), a London-born republican who identified as a "Pan-Celt". In 2023 a 'Celtic Forum' took place in Brittany. Attendees included First Minister of Wales Mark Drakeford, Deputy First Minister of Scotland, Shona Robinson, Leader of the Cornwall Council, Linda Taylor, Republic of Ireland Ambassador to France, Niall Burgesss and Loïg Chesnais-Girard, the President of the Regional Council of Brittany. Political representatives from Asturias and Galicia were also present. Drakeford described the forum as "an excellent opportunity to come together as Celtic nations and regions, to build on our cultural and historical links and seek out areas for future collaboration, such as marine energy." Town twinnings Town twinning is common between Wales – Brittany and Ireland – Brittany, covering hundreds of communities, with exchanges of local politicians, choirs, dancers and school groups. Historical connections The kingdom of Dál Riata was a Gaelic overkingdom on the western seaboard of Scotland with some territory on the northern coasts of Ireland. In the late sixth and early seventh century it encompassed roughly what is now Argyll and Bute and Lochaber in Scotland and also County Antrim in Northern Ireland. As recently as the 13th century, "members of the Scottish elite were still proud to proclaim their Gaelic-Irish origins and identified Ireland as the homeland of the Scots." The 14th century Scottish King Robert the Bruce asserted a common identity for Ireland and Scotland. However, in later medieval times, Irish and Scottish interests diverged for a number of reasons, and the two peoples grew estranged. The conversion of the Scots to Protestantism was one factor. The stronger political position of Scotland in relation to England was another. The disparate economic fortunes of the two was a third reason; by the 1840s Scotland was one of the richest areas in the world and Ireland one of the poorest. Over the centuries there was considerable migration between Ireland and Scotland, primarily as Scots Protestants took part in the plantation of Ulster in the 17th century and then later, as many Irish began to be evicted from their homes, some emigrating to Scottish cities in the 19th century to escape the "Irish famine". Recently the field of Irish-Scottish studies has developed considerably, with the Irish-Scottish Academic Initiative (ISAI) founded in 1995. To date, three international conferences have been held in Ireland and Scotland, in 1997, 2000 and 2002. Organisations The International Celtic Congress is a non-political cultural organisation that promotes the Celtic language in the six nations of Ireland, Scotland, Brittany, Wales, Isle of Man and Cornwall. The Celtic League, is a Pan-Celtic political organization. Celtic regions/countries A number of Europeans from the central and western regions of the continent have some Celtic ancestry. As such it is generally claimed that the 'litmus test' of Celticism is a surviving Celtic language and it was on this criterion that the Celtic league rejected Galicia. The following regions have a surviving Celtic language and it on this criterion that they are considered, by The Pan Celtic Congress in 1904 and Celtic League, to be the Celtic nations. Brittany Cornwall Ireland Isle of Man Scotland Wales Other regions with Celtic heritage are: Austria – Within the famous Hallstatt cultural region – possible home of the Celts. Czech Republic – Home of the Boii (Boiohaemum – Bohemia) England Cumbria Faroe Islands France – Known previously, in classical times, as Gallia/Gaul. Classical writings on Gaul and its native Celtic tribes are the most extensive literature we have from the time. Northern Italy, known as Cisalpine Gaul, was inhabited by populations of Celtic lineage. Portugal – Home to the Lusitani, Gallaecian, Turdetani and other Celtic tribes. Spain – A large portion of the Iberian peninsula was inhabited by Celtic tribes. Spain and Portugal has been hypothesized as the place of origin of the Celts by Professor John Koch, of the University of Wales. Asturias - the principality of Asturias was named after the Astur Celtic tribe. Cantabria – The current autonomous community (former duchy) was named after the Cantabri tribe. Galicia (with North Portugal) – together as Gallaecia Castile and León Castile-La Mancha Extremadura Community of Madrid Andalusia (Turdetani and other tribes) Slovenia Historical part of Celtic Kingdom of Noricum Celts outside Europe Areas with a Celtic language speaking population There are notable Irish and Scottish Gaelic speaking enclaves in Atlantic Canada. The Patagonia region of Argentina has a sizeable Welsh speaking population. The Welsh settlement in Argentina started in 1865 and is known as Y Wladfa. The Celtic diaspora The Celtic diaspora in the Americas, as well as New Zealand and Australia, is significant and organised enough that there are numerous organisations, cultural festivals and university-level language classes available in major cities throughout these regions. In the United States, Celtic Family Magazine is a nationally distributed publication providing news, art, and history on Celtic people and their descendants. The Irish Gaelic games of Gaelic football and hurling are played across the world and are organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association while the Scottish game shinty has seen recent growth in the United States. Timeline of Pan-Celticism J.T. Koch observes that modern Pan-Celticism arose in the contest of European romantic pan-nationalism, and like other pan-nationist movements, flourished mainly before the First World War. He sees twentieth century efforts in this regard as possibly arising out of a post-modern search for identity in the face of increased industrialization, urbanization and technology. 1820: The Royal Celtic Society founded in Scotland 1838: First Celtic Congress called Pan-Celtic Congress, Abergavenny 1867: Second Celtic Congress, Saint-Brieuc 1888: Pan-Celtic Society formed in Dublin 1891:Pan-Celtic Society disbands 1919–1922: Irish War of Independence, five-sixths of Ireland becomes independent, Northern Ireland gets devolved government 1939–1945: Second World War and German occupation of Brittany 1947: Celtic Union formed 1950: Collapse of Celtic Union 1950: Cornwall hosts its first Celtic congress 1961: Modern Celtic League founded at Rhosllanerchrugog 1971: Killarney Pan Celtic Festival begins 1997: Columba Initiative begins 1999: Scottish Parliament and Welsh Assembly open 2000: The Cornish Constitutional Convention is formed 2000–2001:The Cornish Constitutional Convention collect over 50,000 signatures endorsing the call for a Cornish Assembly. See also List of movements in Wales Agnes O'Farrelly Alan HeusaffArmes Prydein'' Charles de Gaulle John Stuart Stuart-Glennie Mona Douglas Richard Jenkin Ruaraidh Erskine Sophia Morrison Théodore Hersart de la Villemarqué Notes References Bibliography External links The Celtic League Celtic Congress Columba Initiative The Celtic Realm Decolonization Anti-imperialism in Europe Brittany Celtic nationalism Celtic Revival Congress Celticism Political movements in Ireland Political movements in Wales Political movements in Scotland
[ "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "(,", "Scottish", "G", "ael", "ic", ":", "Pan", "-", "Che", "il", "teach", "as", ",", "Bre", "ton", ":", "Pan", "-", "Kel", "t", "aid", "d", ",", "Wel", "sh", ":", "Pan", "-", "G", "el", "t", "aid", "d", ",", "Corn", "ish", ":", "Pan", "-", "Kel", "t", "aid", "d", ",", "Man", "x", ":", "Pan", "-", "C", "hel", "t", "ag", "hy", "s", "),", "also", "known", "as", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "or", "C", "el", "tic", "national", "ism", "is", "a", "political", ",", "social", "and", "cultural", "movement", "ad", "voc", "ating", "sol", "id", "ar", "ity", "and", "co", "operation", "between", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", "(", "both", "the", "Br", "y", "th", "onic", "and", "G", "ael", "ic", "b", "ran", "ches", ")", "and", "the", "modern", "C", "el", "ts", "in", "North", "western", "Europe", ".", "Some", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "organ", "is", "ations", "ad", "voc", "ate", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", "se", "ced", "ing", "from", "the", "United", "Kingdom", "and", "France", "and", "forming", "their", "own", "separate", "federal", "state", "together", ",", "while", "others", "sim", "ply", "ad", "voc", "ate", "very", "close", "co", "operation", "between", "independent", "s", "ov", "ere", "ign", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", ",", "in", "the", "form", "of", "Bre", "ton", "national", "ism", ",", "Corn", "ish", "national", "ism", ",", "Irish", "national", "ism", ",", "Man", "x", "national", "ism", ",", "Scottish", "national", "ism", ",", "and", "Wel", "sh", "national", "ism", ".", "As", "with", "other", "pan", "-", "national", "ist", "mov", "ements", "such", "as", "pan", "-", "American", "ism", ",", "pan", "-", "Arab", "ism", ",", "pan", "-", "German", "ism", ",", "pan", "-", "His", "pan", "ism", ",", "pan", "-", "Iran", "ism", ",", "pan", "-", "Latin", "ism", ",", "pan", "-", "Sl", "av", "ism", ",", "pan", "-", "Tur", "an", "ian", "ism", ",", "and", "others", ",", "the", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "movement", "grew", "out", "of", "Rom", "antic", "national", "ism", "and", "specific", "to", "itself", ",", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "Rev", "ival", ".", "The", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "movement", "was", "most", "prominent", "during", "the", "19th", "and", "20th", "cent", "uries", "(", "rough", "ly", "18", "38", "until", "1939", ").", "Some", "early", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "cont", "acts", "took", "place", "through", "the", "G", "ors", "ed", "d", "and", "the", "E", "ist", "ed", "d", "f", "od", ",", "while", "the", "annual", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "was", "initi", "ated", "in", "1900", ".", "Since", "that", "time", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "League", "has", "become", "the", "prominent", "face", "of", "political", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", ".", "In", "iti", "atives", "largely", "foc", "used", "on", "cultural", "C", "el", "tic", "co", "operation", ",", "rather", "than", "expl", "ic", "it", "ly", "politics", ",", "such", "as", "music", ",", "arts", "and", "literature", "f", "est", "ivals", ",", "are", "usually", "referred", "to", "instead", "as", "inter", "-", "C", "el", "tic", ".", "Ter", "min", "ology", "There", "is", "some", "controvers", "y", "surrounding", "the", "term", "C", "el", "ts", ".", "One", "such", "example", "was", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "League", "'", "s", "Gal", "ic", "ian", "cr", "is", "is", ".", "This", "was", "a", "deb", "ate", "over", "whether", "the", "Spanish", "region", "of", "Gal", "ic", "ia", "should", "be", "ad", "mitted", ".", "The", "applic", "ation", "was", "re", "jected", "on", "the", "basis", "of", "a", "lack", "of", "a", "presence", "of", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "language", ".", "Some", "Austr", "ians", "claim", "that", "they", "have", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "her", "itage", "that", "became", "Roman", "ized", "under", "Roman", "rule", "and", "later", "German", "ized", "after", "German", "ic", "inv", "as", "ions", ".", "Austria", "is", "the", "location", "of", "the", "first", "character", "ist", "ically", "C", "el", "tic", "culture", "to", "exist", ".", "After", "the", "an", "ne", "x", "ation", "of", "Austria", "by", "Naz", "i", "Germany", "in", "1938", ",", "in", "October", "1940", "a", "writer", "from", "the", "Irish", "Press", "interview", "ed", "Austr", "ian", "physic", "ist", "Er", "win", "Sch", "r", "ö", "ding", "er", "who", "sp", "oke", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "her", "itage", "of", "Austr", "ians", ",", "saying", "\"", "I", "bel", "ieve", "there", "is", "a", "de", "e", "per", "conne", "ction", "between", "us", "Austr", "ians", "and", "the", "C", "el", "ts", ".", "N", "ames", "of", "places", "in", "the", "Austr", "ian", "Al", "ps", "are", "said", "to", "be", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "origin", ".\"", "Con", "temporary", "Austr", "ians", "express", "pr", "ide", "in", "having", "C", "el", "tic", "her", "itage", "and", "Austria", "poss", "ess", "es", "one", "of", "the", "largest", "colle", "ctions", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "art", "ef", "acts", "in", "Europe", ".", "Organ", "is", "ations", "such", "as", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "and", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "League", "use", "the", "defin", "ition", "that", "a", "'", "C", "el", "tic", "nation", "'", "is", "a", "nation", "with", "recent", "history", "of", "a", "traditional", "C", "el", "tic", "language", ".", "History", "Modern", "con", "ception", "of", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "pe", "op", "les", "Before", "the", "Roman", "Empire", "and", "the", "r", "ise", "of", "Christian", "ity", ",", "people", "lived", "in", "I", "ron", "A", "ge", "Britain", "and", "Ireland", ",", "spe", "aking", "languages", "from", "which", "the", "modern", "G", "ael", "ic", "languages", "(", "including", "Irish", ",", "Scottish", "G", "ael", "ic", "and", "Man", "x", ")", "and", "Br", "y", "th", "onic", "languages", "(", "including", "Wel", "sh", ",", "Bre", "ton", "and", "Corn", "ish", ")", "des", "c", "end", ".", "These", "people", ",", "along", "with", "others", "in", "Con", "tin", "ental", "Europe", "who", "once", "sp", "oke", "now", "ext", "in", "ct", "languages", "from", "the", "same", "Ind", "o", "-", "European", "branch", "(", "such", "as", "the", "G", "aul", "s", ",", "C", "el", "ti", "ber", "ians", "and", "Gal", "at", "ians", "),", "have", "been", "ret", "ro", "activ", "ely", "referred", "to", "in", "a", "collect", "ive", "sen", "se", "as", "the", "C", "el", "ts", ",", "particularly", "in", "a", "wide", "spread", "man", "ner", "since", "the", "turn", "of", "the", "18th", "century", ".", "V", "ari", "ations", "of", "the", "term", "\"", "C", "el", "t", "\",", "such", "as", "Kel", "to", "i", "had", "been", "used", "in", "anti", "qu", "ity", "by", "the", "Gree", "ks", "and", "the", "Rom", "ans", "to", "refer", "to", "some", "groups", "of", "these", "people", ",", "such", "as", "Her", "od", "ot", "us", "'", "use", "of", "it", "in", "reg", "ards", "to", "the", "G", "aul", "s", ".", "The", "modern", "us", "age", "of", "\"", "C", "el", "t", "\"", "in", "re", "ference", "to", "these", "cult", "ures", "grew", "up", "grad", "ually", ".", "A", "p", "ione", "er", "in", "the", "field", "was", "George", "B", "uch", "an", "an", ",", "a", "16", "th", "-", "century", "Scottish", "scholar", ",", "R", "ena", "iss", "ance", "human", "ist", "and", "t", "ut", "or", "to", "king", "James", "IV", "of", "Scotland", ".", "From", "a", "Scottish", "G", "ael", "ic", "-", "spe", "aking", "family", ",", "B", "uch", "an", "an", "in", "his", "R", "er", "um", "Scot", "ic", "ar", "um", "Histor", "ia", "(", "15", "82", "),", "went", "over", "the", "writ", "ings", "of", "T", "ac", "it", "us", "who", "had", "discuss", "ed", "the", "similar", "ity", "between", "the", "language", "of", "the", "G", "aul", "s", "and", "the", "ancient", "Brit", "ons", ".", "B", "uch", "an", "an", "concl", "uded", ",", "if", "the", "G", "aul", "s", "were", "C", "el", "t", "ae", ",", "as", "they", "were", "described", "as", "in", "Roman", "sources", ",", "then", "the", "Brit", "ons", "were", "C", "el", "t", "ae", "too", ".", "He", "began", "to", "see", "a", "pattern", "in", "place", "names", "and", "concl", "uded", "that", "the", "Brit", "ons", "and", "Irish", "G", "a", "els", "once", "sp", "oke", "one", "C", "el", "tic", "language", "which", "later", "d", "iver", "ged", ".", "It", "would", "n", "'", "t", "be", "until", "over", "a", "century", "later", "when", "these", "ide", "as", "were", "widely", "popular", "ised", ";", "first", "by", "the", "Bre", "ton", "scholar", "Paul", "-", "Y", "ves", "Pe", "z", "ron", "in", "his", "An", "ti", "qu", "it", "é", "de", "la", "N", "ation", "et", "de", "la", "l", "ang", "ue", "cel", "t", "es", "aut", "re", "ment", "appe", "le", "z", "G", "aul", "ois", "(", "17", "0", "3", ")", "and", "then", "by", "the", "Wel", "sh", "scholar", "Edward", "L", "hu", "y", "d", "in", "his", "Arch", "ae", "olog", "ia", "Brit", "ann", "ica", ":", "An", "Ac", "count", "of", "the", "L", "angu", "ages", ",", "Histor", "ies", "and", "C", "us", "tom", "s", "of", "the", "Origin", "al", "In", "habit", "ants", "of", "Great", "Britain", "(", "17", "07", ").", "By", "the", "time", "the", "modern", "concept", "of", "the", "C", "el", "ts", "as", "a", "people", "had", "emer", "ged", ",", "their", "fort", "un", "es", "had", "decl", "ined", "sub", "stant", "ially", ",", "taken", "over", "by", "German", "ic", "people", ".", "First", "ly", ",", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "Brit", "ons", "of", "sub", "-", "Roman", "Britain", "were", "sw", "amp", "ed", "by", "a", "t", "ide", "of", "Ang", "lo", "-", "S", "ax", "on", "settlement", "from", "the", "fifth", "century", "on", "and", "lost", "most", "of", "their", "territory", "to", "them", ".", "They", "were", "subsequently", "referred", "to", "as", "the", "Wel", "sh", "people", "and", "the", "Corn", "ish", "people", ".", "A", "group", "of", "these", "fl", "ed", "Britain", "al", "together", "and", "sett", "led", "in", "Con", "tin", "ental", "Europe", "in", "Ar", "mor", "ica", ",", "becoming", "the", "Bre", "ton", "people", ".", "The", "G", "a", "els", "for", "a", "while", "act", "ually", "expanded", ",", "p", "ush", "ing", "out", "of", "Ireland", "to", "con", "qu", "er", "Pict", "land", "in", "Britain", ",", "establish", "ing", "Al", "ba", "by", "the", "n", "in", "th", "century", ".", "From", "the", "11", "th", "century", "on", "ward", ",", "the", "arr", "ival", "of", "the", "Nor", "man", "s", ",", "caused", "problems", "not", "only", "for", "the", "English", "but", "also", "for", "the", "C", "el", "ts", ".", "The", "Nor", "man", "s", "inv", "ad", "ed", "the", "Wel", "sh", "king", "dom", "s", "(", "establish", "ing", "the", "Princ", "ip", "ality", "of", "Wales", "),", "the", "Irish", "king", "dom", "s", "(", "establish", "ing", "the", "Lord", "ship", "of", "Ireland", ")", "and", "took", "control", "of", "the", "Scottish", "mon", "arch", "y", "through", "inter", "marr", "ying", ".", "This", "adv", "ance", "was", "often", "done", "in", "con", "jun", "ction", "with", "the", "Catholic", "Church", "'", "s", "Greg", "or", "ian", "Re", "form", ",", "which", "was", "central", "ising", "the", "relig", "ion", "in", "Europe", ".", "The", "d", "aw", "ning", "of", "early", "modern", "Europe", "affe", "cted", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "pe", "op", "les", "in", "ways", "which", "saw", "what", "small", "amount", "of", "in", "dependence", "they", "had", "left", "firm", "ly", "sub", "ordin", "ated", "to", "the", "emer", "ging", "British", "Empire", "and", "in", "the", "case", "of", "the", "D", "uch", "y", "of", "Brit", "t", "any", ",", "the", "Kingdom", "of", "France", ".", "Although", "both", "the", "K", "ings", "of", "England", "(", "the", "T", "ud", "ors", ")", "and", "the", "K", "ings", "of", "Scotland", "(", "the", "Ste", "w", "arts", ")", "of", "the", "day", "claimed", "C", "el", "tic", "anc", "est", "ry", "and", "used", "this", "in", "Arthur", "ian", "cultural", "mot", "if", "s", "to", "lay", "the", "basis", "for", "a", "British", "mon", "arch", "y", "(\"", "British", "\"", "being", "sugg", "ested", "by", "Eliz", "abe", "than", "John", "De", "e", "),", "both", "d", "yn", "ast", "ies", "promoted", "a", "central", "ising", "policy", "of", "Ang", "lic", "isation", ".", "The", "G", "a", "els", "of", "Ireland", "lost", "their", "last", "king", "dom", "s", "to", "the", "Kingdom", "of", "Ireland", "after", "the", "Fl", "ight", "of", "the", "Earl", "s", "in", "16", "07", ",", "while", "the", "Stat", "utes", "of", "I", "ona", "attemp", "ted", "to", "de", "-", "G", "ael", "ic", "ise", "the", "High", "land", "Sc", "ots", "in", "16", "09", ".", "The", "effects", "of", "these", "initi", "ates", "were", "mixed", ",", "but", "took", "from", "the", "G", "a", "els", "their", "natural", "leadership", "ele", "ment", ",", "which", "had", "pat", "ron", "ised", "their", "culture", ".", "Under", "Ang", "loc", "ent", "ric", "British", "rule", ",", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "-", "spe", "aking", "pe", "op", "les", "were", "reduced", "to", "a", "m", "arg", "inal", "ised", ",", "largely", "poor", "people", ",", "small", "farm", "ers", "and", "fish", "er", "men", ",", "cl", "ing", "ing", "to", "the", "coast", "of", "the", "North", "Atlantic", ".", "Following", "the", "Industr", "ial", "Revolution", "in", "the", "18th", "century", ",", "gre", "ater", "mult", "it", "ud", "es", "were", "Ang", "lic", "ised", "and", "fl", "ed", "into", "a", "di", "as", "por", "a", "around", "the", "British", "Empire", "as", "an", "industrial", "pro", "let", "ari", "at", ".", "Further", "de", "-", "G", "ael", "ic", "isation", "took", "place", "for", "the", "Irish", "during", "the", "Great", "Hung", "er", "and", "the", "High", "land", "Sc", "ots", "during", "the", "High", "land", "C", "lear", "ances", ".", "Sim", "ilar", "ly", "for", "the", "Bre", "ton", "s", ",", "after", "the", "French", "Revolution", ",", "the", "Jac", "ob", "ins", "dem", "anded", "gre", "ater", "central", "isation", ",", "against", "regional", "ident", "ities", "and", "for", "Fran", "c", "ization", ",", "en", "acted", "by", "the", "French", "Dire", "ct", "ory", "in", "179", "4", ".", "However", ",", "Nap", "ole", "on", "Bon", "apart", "e", "was", "great", "ly", "attr", "acted", "to", "the", "rom", "antic", "image", "of", "the", "C", "el", "t", ",", "which", "was", "part", "ly", "based", "on", "Jean", "-", "J", "acqu", "es", "R", "ous", "se", "au", "'", "s", "gl", "or", "ification", "of", "the", "n", "ob", "le", "s", "av", "age", "and", "the", "popular", "ity", "of", "James", "Mac", "ph", "erson", "'", "s", "Os", "s", "ian", "ic", "t", "ales", "throughout", "Europe", ".", "Bon", "apart", "e", "'", "s", "ne", "p", "he", "w", ",", "Nap", "ole", "on", "III", ",", "would", "later", "have", "the", "Ver", "cing", "é", "tor", "ix", "mon", "ument", "ere", "cted", "to", "hon", "our", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "G", "aul", "ish", "leader", ".", "In", "de", "ed", ",", "in", "France", "the", "ph", "r", "ase", "\"", "n", "os", "anc", "ê", "tr", "es", "les", "G", "aul", "ois", "\"", "(", "our", "anc", "est", "ors", "the", "G", "aul", "s", ")", "was", "inv", "ok", "ed", "by", "Rom", "antic", "national", "ists", ",", "typically", "in", "a", "re", "publican", "f", "ashion", ",", "to", "refer", "to", "the", "majority", "of", "the", "people", ",", "contr", "ary", "to", "the", "ar", "isto", "cr", "acy", "(", "claimed", "to", "be", "of", "Frank", "ish", "-", "German", "ic", "descent", ").", "D", "aw", "ning", "of", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "as", "a", "political", "idea", "Following", "the", "d", "ying", "down", "of", "Jac", "ob", "it", "ism", "as", "a", "political", "threat", "in", "Britain", "and", "Ireland", ",", "with", "the", "firm", "establish", "ment", "of", "Han", "over", "ian", "Britain", "under", "the", "li", "ber", "al", ",", "r", "ational", "ist", "philos", "ophy", "of", "the", "En", "light", "en", "ment", ",", "a", "back", "l", "ash", "of", "Rom", "antic", "ism", "in", "the", "late", "18th", "century", "occurred", "and", "\"", "the", "C", "el", "t", "\"", "was", "re", "hab", "ilit", "ated", "in", "literature", ",", "in", "a", "movement", "which", "is", "sometimes", "known", "as", "\"", "C", "el", "to", "man", "ia", ".\"", "The", "most", "prominent", "native", "represent", "atives", "of", "the", "initial", "st", "ages", "of", "this", "C", "el", "tic", "Rev", "ival", "were", "James", "Mac", "ph", "erson", ",", "author", "of", "the", "Po", "ems", "of", "Os", "s", "ian", "(", "17", "61", ")", "and", "I", "ol", "o", "M", "organ", "w", "g", ",", "founder", "of", "the", "G", "ors", "ed", "d", ".", "The", "im", "ag", "ery", "of", "the", "\"", "C", "el", "tic", "World", "\"", "also", "inspired", "English", "and", "L", "ow", "land", "Sc", "ots", "po", "ets", "such", "as", "Bl", "ake", ",", "W", "ord", "s", "worth", ",", "By", "ron", ",", "She", "l", "ley", "and", "Scott", ".", "In", "particular", "the", "Dr", "u", "ids", "inspired", "f", "asc", "ination", "for", "outs", "id", "ers", ",", "as", "English", "and", "French", "anti", "quar", "ians", ",", "such", "as", "William", "St", "u", "ke", "ley", ",", "John", "A", "ub", "rey", ",", "Th", "é", "oph", "ile", "Cor", "ret", "de", "la", "Tour", "d", "'", "Au", "ver", "g", "ne", "and", "J", "acqu", "es", "Cam", "br", "y", ",", "began", "to", "associ", "ate", "ancient", "me", "gal", "ith", "s", "and", "d", "ol", "m", "ens", "with", "the", "Dr", "u", "ids", ".", "In", "the", "18", "20", "s", ",", "early", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "cont", "acts", "began", "to", "develop", ",", "first", "ly", "between", "the", "Wel", "sh", "and", "the", "Bre", "ton", "s", ",", "as", "Thomas", "Pr", "ice", "and", "Jean", "-", "Fran", "ç", "ois", "Le", "G", "on", "ide", "c", "worked", "together", "to", "trans", "late", "the", "New", "Test", "ament", "into", "Bre", "ton", ".", "The", "two", "men", "were", "ch", "ampions", "of", "their", "respect", "ive", "languages", "and", "both", "highly", "influ", "ential", "in", "their", "own", "countries", ".", "It", "was", "in", "this", "spirit", "that", "a", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "took", "place", "at", "the", "Cy", "m", "re", "ig", "y", "d", "d", "ion", "y", "F", "enn", "is", "annual", "E", "ist", "ed", "d", "f", "od", "in", "A", "berg", "av", "enn", "y", "in", "18", "38", ",", "where", "Bre", "ton", "s", "attended", ".", "Among", "these", "particip", "ants", "was", "Th", "é", "od", "ore", "H", "ers", "art", "de", "La", "V", "ille", "mar", "qu", "é", ",", "author", "of", "the", "Mac", "ph", "erson", "-", "M", "organ", "w", "g", "influ", "enced", "Bar", "z", "az", "Bre", "iz", ",", "who", "im", "ported", "the", "G", "ors", "ed", "d", "idea", "into", "Brit", "t", "any", ".", "In", "de", "ed", ",", "the", "Bre", "ton", "national", "ists", "would", "be", "the", "most", "en", "thus", "i", "astic", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ists", ",", "acting", "as", "a", "lyn", "ch", "-", "p", "in", "between", "the", "different", "parts", ";", "\"", "tr", "ap", "ped", "\"", "within", "another", "state", "(", "France", "),", "this", "allowed", "them", "to", "draw", "str", "ength", "from", "kin", "dr", "ed", "pe", "op", "les", "across", "the", "Channel", "and", "they", "also", "sh", "ared", "a", "strong", "att", "ach", "ment", "to", "the", "Catholic", "fa", "ith", "with", "the", "Irish", ".", "Ac", "ross", "Europe", ",", "modern", "C", "el", "tic", "Studies", "were", "develop", "ing", "as", "an", "academic", "disc", "i", "pl", "ine", ".", "The", "German", "s", "led", "the", "way", "in", "the", "field", "with", "Ind", "o", "-", "European", "ling", "u", "ist", "Fran", "z", "B", "opp", "in", "18", "38", ",", "followed", "up", "by", "Joh", "ann", "K", "as", "par", "Ze", "uss", "'", "Gr", "am", "mat", "ica", "C", "el", "t", "ica", "(", "185", "3", ").", "In", "de", "ed", ",", "as", "German", "power", "was", "growing", "in", "r", "ival", "ry", "with", "France", "and", "England", ",", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "Qu", "est", "ion", "was", "of", "interest", "to", "them", "and", "they", "were", "able", "to", "per", "ce", "ive", "the", "sh", "ift", "towards", "C", "el", "tic", "-", "based", "national", "ism", "s", ".", "He", "in", "rich", "Z", "im", "mer", ",", "the", "Professor", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "at", "Fr", "ied", "rich", "Wil", "hel", "m", "University", "in", "Berlin", "(", "pred", "e", "cess", "or", "of", "K", "un", "o", "Me", "yer", "),", "sp", "oke", "in", "189", "9", "of", "the", "power", "ful", "ag", "itation", "in", "the", "\"", "C", "el", "tic", "fr", "ing", "e", "of", "the", "United", "Kingdom", "'", "s", "rich", "over", "co", "at", "\"", "and", "pred", "icted", "that", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "would", "become", "a", "political", "force", "as", "important", "to", "the", "future", "of", "European", "politics", "as", "the", "much", "more", "established", "mov", "ements", "of", "pan", "-", "German", "ism", "and", "pan", "-", "Sl", "av", "ism", ".", "Other", "academic", "treat", "ments", "included", "Er", "n", "est", "Ren", "an", "'", "s", "La", "Po", "é", "s", "ie", "des", "races", "cel", "ti", "ques", "(", "185", "4", ")", "and", "Mat", "the", "w", "Ar", "n", "old", "'", "s", "The", "Stud", "y", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "Liter", "ature", "(", "186", "7", ").", "The", "attention", "given", "by", "Ar", "n", "old", "was", "a", "double", "-", "ed", "ged", "sw", "ord", ";", "he", "la", "uded", "C", "el", "tic", "poet", "ic", "and", "musical", "ach", "iev", "ements", ",", "but", "e", "ff", "em", "in", "ised", "them", "and", "sugg", "ested", "they", "needed", "the", "cement", "of", "a", "so", "ber", ",", "order", "ly", "Ang", "lo", "-", "S", "ax", "on", "rule", ".", "A", "concept", "ar", "ose", "among", "some", "European", "phil", "olog", "ists", ",", "particularly", "art", "ic", "ulated", "by", "Kar", "l", "Wil", "hel", "m", "Fr", "ied", "rich", "Sch", "leg", "el", ",", "where", "by", "the", "\"", "care", "of", "the", "national", "language", "is", "a", "s", "ac", "red", "tr", "ust", "\",", "or", "put", "more", "sim", "ply", ",", "\"", "no", "language", ",", "no", "nation", ".\"", "This", "d", "ict", "um", "was", "also", "adopted", "by", "national", "ists", "in", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", ",", "particularly", "Thomas", "Davis", "of", "the", "Young", "Ireland", "movement", ",", "who", ",", "contr", "ary", "to", "the", "earlier", "Catholic", "-", "based", "\"", "c", "iv", "ic", "rights", "\"", "activ", "ism", "of", "a", "Daniel", "O", "'", "Con", "n", "ell", ",", "ass", "er", "ted", "an", "Irish", "national", "ism", "where", "the", "Irish", "language", "would", "become", "he", "g", "em", "onic", "once", "again", ".", "As", "he", "claimed", "a", "\"", "people", "without", "a", "language", "of", "its", "own", "is", "only", "half", "a", "nation", ".\"", "In", "a", "less", "expl", "ic", "it", "ly", "political", "con", "text", ",", "language", "rev", "ival", "ist", "groups", "emer", "ged", "such", "as", "the", "Society", "for", "the", "Pres", "er", "vation", "of", "the", "Irish", "L", "angu", "age", ",", "which", "would", "later", "become", "the", "G", "ael", "ic", "League", ".", "In", "a", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "con", "text", ",", "Charles", "de", "G", "aul", "le", "(", "un", "cle", "of", "the", "more", "famous", "General", "Charles", "de", "G", "aul", "le", "),", "who", "involved", "himself", "in", "Bre", "ton", "aut", "onom", "ism", "and", "ad", "voc", "ated", "for", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "Union", "in", "186", "4", ",", "arg", "ued", "that", "\"", "so", "long", "as", "a", "con", "qu", "ered", "people", "spe", "ak", "s", "another", "language", "than", "their", "con", "qu", "ers", ",", "the", "best", "part", "of", "them", "remains", "free", ".\"", "De", "G", "aul", "le", "correspond", "ed", "with", "people", "in", "Brit", "t", "any", ",", "Ireland", ",", "Scotland", "and", "Wales", ",", "arg", "u", "ing", "that", "each", "needed", "to", "co", "oper", "ate", "in", "a", "spirit", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "un", "ity", "and", "above", "all", "defend", "their", "native", "languages", "or", "other", "w", "ise", "their", "position", "as", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", "would", "be", "ext", "in", "ct", ".", "A", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "review", "was", "founded", "by", "de", "G", "aul", "le", "'", "s", "com", "r", "ade", "Hen", "ri", "G", "aid", "o", "z", "in", "187", "3", ",", "known", "as", "Rev", "ue", "C", "el", "t", "ique", ".", "In", "186", "7", "de", "G", "aul", "le", "organ", "ised", "the", "first", "ever", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "g", "ather", "ing", "in", "Saint", "-", "Br", "ie", "uc", ",", "Brit", "t", "any", ".", "No", "Irish", "attended", "and", "the", "gu", "ests", "were", "mainly", "Wel", "sh", "and", "Bre", "ton", ".", "T", ".", "E", ".", "El", "l", "is", ",", "the", "leader", "of", "Cy", "m", "ru", "F", "y", "d", "d", "was", "a", "prop", "onent", "of", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", ",", "st", "ating", "\"", "We", "must", "work", "for", "bring", "ing", "together", "C", "el", "tic", "re", "form", "ers", "and", "C", "el", "tic", "pe", "op", "les", ".", "The", "inter", "ests", "of", "Irish", "men", ",", "Wel", "sh", "men", "and", "[", "Scottish", "]", "Cr", "of", "ters", "are", "almost", "ident", "ical", ".", "Their", "past", "history", "is", "very", "similar", ",", "their", "present", "op", "press", "ors", "are", "the", "same", "and", "their", "immedi", "ate", "w", "ants", "are", "the", "same", ".", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "and", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "Association", "era", "The", "first", "major", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "was", "organ", "ised", "by", "Ed", "m", "und", "Edward", "F", "ourn", "ier", "d", "'", "Al", "be", "and", "Bern", "ard", "F", "itz", "Pat", "rick", ",", "2nd", "Baron", "Castle", "town", ",", "under", "the", "a", "us", "p", "ices", "of", "their", "C", "el", "tic", "Association", "and", "was", "held", "in", "August", "190", "1", "in", "Dub", "lin", ".", "This", "had", "followed", "on", "from", "an", "earlier", "sent", "iment", "of", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "feel", "ing", "at", "the", "National", "E", "ist", "ed", "d", "f", "od", "of", "Wales", ",", "held", "in", "L", "iver", "pool", "in", "1900", ".", "Another", "influence", "was", "F", "ourn", "ier", "'", "s", "attend", "ance", "at", "Fe", "is", "C", "e", "oil", "in", "the", "late", "189", "0s", ",", "which", "d", "rew", "musicians", "from", "the", "different", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", ".", "The", "two", "leaders", "formed", "some", "what", "of", "an", "id", "ios", "yn", "cr", "atic", "pair", ";", "F", "ourn", "ier", ",", "of", "French", "par", "ent", "age", "em", "br", "ac", "ed", "an", "ard", "ent", "H", "iber", "n", "oph", "il", "ia", "and", "lear", "ned", "the", "Irish", "language", ",", "while", "F", "itz", "Pat", "rick", "des", "c", "ended", "from", "ancient", "Irish", "roy", "alty", "(", "the", "Mac", "Gi", "oll", "a", "Ph", "á", "dr", "a", "ig", "of", "Os", "ra", "ig", "e", "),", "but", "was", "serving", "in", "the", "British", "Army", "and", "had", "earlier", "been", "a", "Conserv", "ative", "MP", "(", "in", "de", "ed", ",", "the", "original", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "was", "del", "ayed", "for", "a", "year", "because", "of", "the", "Second", "Bo", "er", "War", ").", "The", "main", "int", "el", "lect", "ual", "organ", "of", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "Association", "was", "C", "el", "t", "ia", ":", "A", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Mon", "th", "ly", "Mag", "azine", ",", "ed", "ited", "by", "F", "ourn", "ier", ",", "which", "ran", "from", "January", "190", "1", "until", "190", "4", "and", "was", "brief", "ly", "rev", "ived", "in", "190", "7", "before", "finally", "ending", "for", "good", "in", "May", "1908", ".", "Its", "ince", "ption", "was", "w", "el", "com", "ed", "by", "Bre", "ton", "Fran", "ç", "ois", "J", "af", "fr", "enn", "ou", ".", "An", "un", "related", "public", "ation", "\"", "The", "C", "el", "tic", "Review", "\"", "was", "founded", "in", "190", "4", "and", "ran", "until", "1908", ".", "Histor", "ian", "Just", "in", "D", "ol", "an", "Sto", "ver", "of", "Id", "ah", "o", "State", "University", "describ", "es", "the", "movement", "as", "having", "\"", "un", "even", "success", "es", "\".", "In", "total", ",", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "Association", "was", "able", "to", "organ", "ise", "three", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "es", ":", "Dub", "lin", "(", "190", "1", "),", "Ca", "ern", "ar", "f", "on", "(", "190", "4", ")", "and", "Ed", "in", "burgh", "(", "190", "7", ").", "Each", "of", "these", "opened", "with", "an", "el", "abor", "ate", "ne", "o", "-", "dr", "u", "id", "ic", "cerem", "ony", ",", "with", "the", "lay", "ing", "of", "the", "L", "ia", "C", "ine", "il", "(\"", "R", "ace", "Stone", "\"", "),", "which", "d", "rew", "in", "spir", "ation", "from", "the", "L", "ia", "F", "á", "il", "and", "Stone", "of", "S", "con", "e", ".", "The", "stone", "was", "five", "foot", "high", "and", "consist", "ed", "of", "five", "gr", "an", "ite", "b", "loc", "ks", ",", "each", "with", "a", "letter", "of", "the", "respect", "ive", "C", "el", "tic", "nation", "et", "ch", "ed", "into", "it", "in", "their", "own", "language", "(", "i", ".", "e", ".", "-", "\"", "E", "\"", "for", "Ireland", ",", "\"", "A", "\"", "for", "Scotland", ",", "\"", "C", "\"", "for", "Wales", ").", "At", "the", "lay", "ing", "of", "the", "stone", ",", "the", "Arch", "dr", "u", "id", "of", "the", "E", "ist", "ed", "d", "f", "od", ",", "H", "w", "fa", "M", "ô", "n", "would", "say", "three", "times", "in", "G", "ael", "ic", ",", "while", "hold", "ing", "a", "part", "ly", "un", "she", "a", "the", "d", "sw", "ord", ",", "\"", "Is", "there", "peace", "?", "\"", "to", "which", "the", "people", "respond", "ed", "\"", "Pe", "ace", ".\"", "The", "sym", "bol", "ism", "in", "her", "ent", "in", "this", "was", "me", "ant", "to", "represent", "a", "counter", "po", "ise", "to", "the", "British", "Empire", "'", "s", "ass", "im", "il", "ating", "Ang", "lo", "-", "S", "ax", "on", "ism", "as", "art", "ic", "ulated", "by", "the", "lik", "es", "of", "R", "ud", "yard", "K", "i", "pl", "ing", ".", "For", "the", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "ts", ",", "they", "im", "ag", "ined", "a", "rest", "ored", "\"", "C", "el", "tic", "race", "\",", "but", "where", "each", "C", "el", "tic", "people", "would", "have", "its", "own", "national", "space", "without", "ass", "im", "il", "ating", "all", "into", "a", "un", "i", "form", "ity", ".", "The", "L", "ia", "C", "ine", "il", "was", "also", "intended", "as", "a", "ph", "all", "ic", "sym", "bol", ",", "re", "feren", "cing", "the", "ancient", "me", "gal", "ith", "s", "histor", "ically", "associated", "with", "the", "C", "el", "ts", "and", "over", "turn", "ing", "the", "\"", "fem", "in", "isation", "of", "the", "C", "el", "ts", "by", "their", "S", "ax", "on", "neigh", "b", "ours", ".\"", "The", "response", "of", "the", "most", "ad", "vanced", "and", "m", "ilit", "ant", "national", "ism", "of", "a", "\"", "C", "el", "tic", "\"", "people", ";", "Irish", "national", "ism", ";", "was", "mixed", ".", "The", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "ts", "were", "l", "amp", "oon", "ed", "by", "D", ".", "P", ".", "Mor", "an", "in", "The", "Lead", "er", ",", "under", "the", "title", "of", "\"", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Far", "ce", ".\"", "The", "folk", "cost", "umes", "and", "dr", "u", "id", "ic", "a", "es", "the", "t", "ics", "were", "especially", "m", "ock", "ed", ",", "mean", "while", "Mor", "an", ",", "who", "associated", "Irish", "national", "ity", "with", "Catholic", "ism", ",", "was", "susp", "ic", "ious", "of", "the", "Pro", "test", "ant", "ism", "of", "both", "F", "ourn", "ier", "and", "F", "itz", "Pat", "rick", ".", "The", "particip", "ation", "of", "the", "latter", "as", "a", "\"", "Tom", "my", "At", "kins", "\"", "against", "the", "Bo", "ers", "(", "whom", "Irish", "national", "ists", "supported", "with", "the", "Irish", "Trans", "va", "al", "Brig", "ade", ")", "was", "also", "high", "light", "ed", "as", "un", "sound", ".", "Mor", "an", "concl", "uded", "that", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "was", "\"", "par", "as", "it", "ic", "\"", "from", "Irish", "national", "ism", ",", "created", "by", "a", "\"", "foreign", "er", "\"", "(", "F", "ourn", "ier", ")", "and", "s", "ought", "to", "mis", "direct", "Irish", "en", "er", "g", "ies", ".", "O", "thers", "were", "less", "po", "le", "m", "ical", ";", "op", "in", "ion", "in", "the", "G", "ael", "ic", "League", "was", "divided", "and", "though", "they", "elected", "not", "to", "s", "end", "an", "official", "represent", "ative", ",", "some", "members", "did", "attend", "Congress", "meet", "ings", "(", "including", "Dou", "gl", "as", "Hy", "de", ",", "Pat", "rick", "P", "ear", "se", "and", "Michael", "Dav", "itt", ").", "More", "en", "thus", "i", "astic", "was", "Lady", "Greg", "ory", ",", "who", "im", "ag", "ined", "an", "Ireland", "-", "led", "\"", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Empire", "\",", "while", "William", "But", "ler", "Y", "e", "ats", "also", "attended", "the", "Dub", "lin", "meeting", ".", "Pr", "omin", "ent", "G", "ael", "ic", "League", "activ", "ists", "such", "as", "P", "ear", "se", ",", "Edward", "Mart", "yn", ",", "John", "St", ".", "Cl", "air", "Boy", "d", ",", "Thomas", "William", "R", "oll", "est", "on", ",", "Thomas", "O", "'", "Ne", "ill", "Russ", "ell", ",", "Max", "well", "Henry", "Cl", "ose", "and", "William", "G", "ib", "son", "all", "made", "financial", "contribut", "ions", "to", "the", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", ".", "Ru", "ar", "aid", "h", "Er", "sk", "ine", "was", "an", "attend", "ant", ".", "Er", "sk", "ine", "himself", "was", "an", "ad", "voc", "ate", "of", "a", "\"", "G", "ael", "ic", "conf", "ederation", "\"", "between", "Ireland", "and", "Scotland", ".", "David", "L", "loy", "d", "George", ",", "who", "would", "later", "to", "go", "on", "to", "be", "the", "Prime", "Minister", "of", "the", "United", "Kingdom", ",", "deliver", "ed", "a", "spe", "ech", "at", "the", "190", "4", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", ".", "Bre", "ton", "Regional", "ist", "Union", "founder", "R", "é", "g", "is", "de", "l", "'", "Es", "tour", "be", "ill", "on", "attended", "the", "190", "7", "con", "gress", ",", "head", "ed", "the", "Bre", "ton", "fact", "ion", "of", "the", "process", "ion", "and", "placed", "the", "Bre", "ton", "stone", "on", "the", "L", "ia", "C", "ine", "ill", ".", "Henry", "J", "enn", "er", ",", "Arthur", "William", "Mo", "ore", "and", "John", "Cr", "ich", "ton", "-", "St", "u", "art", ",", "fourth", "Mar", "qu", "ess", "of", "B", "ute", "lik", "ew", "ise", "attended", "the", "190", "7", "con", "gress", ".", "Er", "sk", "ine", "made", "an", "ef", "fort", "to", "set", "up", "a", "\"", "union", "of", "Wel", "sh", ",", "Sc", "ots", "and", "Irish", "with", "a", "view", "to", "action", "on", "be", "half", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "commun", "ism", "\".", "He", "wrote", "to", "Thomas", "G", "w", "yn", "n", "Jones", "ask", "ing", "for", "sugg", "est", "ions", "on", "Wel", "sh", "men", "to", "inv", "ite", "to", "London", "for", "a", "meeting", "on", "set", "ting", "such", "a", "thing", "up", ".", "It", "is", "unknown", "if", "such", "a", "meeting", "ever", "took", "place", ".", "In", "Paris", ",", "1912", "the", "\"", "La", "L", "ig", "ue", "C", "el", "t", "ique", "Fran", "ca", "ise", "\"", "was", "launched", "and", "had", "a", "magazine", "called", "\"", "La", "Po", "et", "ique", "\"", "which", "published", "news", "and", "literature", "from", "all", "around", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "world", ".", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "after", "the", "E", "aster", "R", "ising", "C", "el", "tic", "national", "ism", "s", "were", "bo", "ost", "ed", "imm", "ens", "ely", "by", "the", "Irish", "E", "aster", "R", "ising", "of", "1916", ",", "where", "a", "group", "of", "re", "volution", "aries", "belong", "ing", "to", "the", "Irish", "Republican", "Bro", "ther", "hood", "str", "uck", "m", "ilit", "ant", "ly", "against", "the", "British", "Empire", "during", "the", "First", "World", "War", "to", "ass", "ert", "an", "Irish", "Republic", ".", "Part", "of", "their", "political", "vision", ",", "building", "on", "earlier", "Irish", "-", "Ireland", "pol", "ic", "ies", "was", "a", "re", "-", "G", "ael", "ic", "isation", "of", "Ireland", ":", "that", "is", "to", "say", "a", "de", "-", "colon", "isation", "of", "Ang", "lo", "cultural", ",", "ling", "u", "istic", "and", "economic", "he", "g", "em", "ony", "and", "a", "re", "-", "ass", "ert", "ion", "of", "the", "native", "C", "el", "tic", "culture", ".", "After", "the", "initial", "r", "ising", ",", "their", "politics", "co", "ales", "ced", "in", "Ireland", "around", "S", "inn", "F", "é", "in", ".", "In", "other", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", ",", "groups", "were", "founded", "hold", "ing", "similar", "view", "s", "and", "vo", "iced", "sol", "id", "ar", "ity", "with", "Ireland", "during", "the", "Irish", "War", "of", "In", "dependence", ":", "this", "included", "the", "Bre", "ton", "-", "journal", "Bre", "iz", "At", "ao", ",", "the", "Sc", "ots", "National", "League", "of", "Ru", "ar", "aid", "h", "Er", "sk", "ine", "and", "various", "fig", "ures", "in", "Wales", "who", "would", "later", "go", "on", "to", "found", "Pl", "aid", "Cy", "m", "ru", ".", "The", "presence", "of", "James", "Con", "n", "ol", "ly", "and", "the", "October", "Revolution", "in", "Russia", "taking", "place", "at", "the", "same", "time", ",", "also", "led", "some", "to", "im", "ag", "ine", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "social", "ism", "or", "commun", "ism", ";", "an", "idea", "associated", "with", "Er", "sk", "ine", ",", "as", "well", "as", "the", "re", "volution", "ary", "John", "Mac", "le", "an", "and", "William", "G", "ill", "ies", ".", "Er", "sk", "ine", "claimed", "the", "\"", "collect", "iv", "ist", "eth", "os", "in", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "past", "\",", "had", "been", ",", "\"", "under", "min", "ed", "by", "Ang", "lo", "-", "S", "ax", "on", "val", "ues", "of", "g", "reed", "and", "self", "ish", "ness", ".\"", "The", "h", "ope", "of", "some", "C", "el", "tic", "national", "ists", "that", "a", "semi", "-", "independent", "Ireland", "could", "act", "as", "a", "spring", "board", "for", "Irish", "Republican", "Army", "-", "es", "que", "equ", "ival", "ents", "for", "their", "own", "n", "ations", "and", "the", "\"", "li", "ber", "ation", "\"", "of", "the", "rest", "of", "the", "C", "el", "tos", "ph", "ere", "would", "prove", "a", "dis", "appoint", "ment", ".", "A", "m", "ilit", "ant", "Scottish", "vol", "unte", "er", "force", "founded", "by", "G", "ill", "ies", ",", "F", "ian", "na", "na", "h", "Al", "ba", ";", "which", "like", "the", "Ó", "g", "la", "igh", "na", "h", "É", "ire", "ann", "ad", "voc", "ated", "re", "publican", "ism", "and", "G", "ael", "ic", "national", "ism", ";", "was", "dis", "cour", "aged", "by", "Michael", "Col", "lin", "s", "who", "ad", "vised", "G", "ill", "ies", "that", "the", "British", "state", "was", "strong", "er", "in", "Scotland", "than", "Ireland", "and", "that", "public", "op", "in", "ion", "was", "more", "against", "them", ".", "On", "ce", "the", "Irish", "Free", "State", "was", "established", ",", "the", "rul", "ing", "parties", ";", "F", "ine", "G", "ael", "or", "F", "ian", "na", "F", "á", "il", ";", "were", "content", "to", "eng", "age", "in", "inter", "-", "government", "al", "di", "plom", "acy", "with", "the", "British", "state", "in", "an", "ef", "fort", "to", "have", "returned", "the", "coun", "ties", "in", "Northern", "Ireland", ",", "rather", "than", "support", "ing", "C", "el", "tic", "national", "ist", "m", "ilit", "ants", "within", "Britain", ".", "The", "Irish", "state", ",", "particularly", "under", "É", "am", "on", "de", "Val", "era", "did", "make", "some", "ef", "fort", "on", "the", "cultural", "and", "ling", "u", "istic", "front", "in", "reg", "ards", "to", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", ".", "For", "inst", "ance", "in", "the", "summer", "of", "1947", ",", "the", "Irish", "T", "ao", "ise", "ach", "de", "Val", "era", "vis", "ited", "the", "Is", "le", "of", "Man", "and", "met", "with", "Man", "x", "man", ",", "N", "ed", "M", "add", "rel", "l", ".", "While", "there", "he", "had", "the", "Irish", "F", "olk", "l", "ore", "Commission", "make", "record", "ings", "of", "the", "last", ",", "old", ",", "native", "Man", "x", "G", "ael", "ic", "-", "spe", "akers", ",", "including", "M", "add", "rel", "l", ".", "Post", "-", "war", "initi", "atives", "and", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "League", "A", "group", "called", "\"", "A", "ont", "ach", "t", "na", "g", "C", "e", "il", "teach", "\"", "(", "C", "el", "tic", "Un", "ity", ")", "was", "set", "up", "to", "promot", "e", "the", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "vision", "in", "November", "1942", ".", "It", "was", "head", "ed", "by", "É", "am", "on", "n", "Mac", "M", "urch", "ad", "ha", ".", "M", "I", "5", "believed", "it", "to", "be", "a", "secret", "front", "for", "the", "Irish", "f", "asc", "ist", "party", "A", "il", "t", "ir", "i", "na", "h", "A", "ise", "ir", "g", "he", "and", "was", "to", "serve", "as", "\"", "a", "r", "ally", "ing", "point", "for", "Irish", ",", "Scottish", ",", "Wel", "sh", "and", "Bre", "ton", "national", "ists", "\".", "The", "group", "had", "the", "same", "post", "al", "address", "as", "the", "party", ".", "At", "its", "found", "ation", "the", "group", "stated", "that", "\"", "the", "present", "system", "is", "ut", "ter", "ly", "re", "p", "ug", "n", "ant", "to", "the", "cel", "tic", "con", "ception", "of", "life", "\"", "and", "called", "for", "a", "new", "order", "based", "upon", "a", "\"", "distin", "ctive", "cel", "tic", "philos", "ophy", "\".", "A", "il", "t", "ir", "i", "na", "h", "A", "ise", "ir", "g", "he", "itself", "had", "a", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "vision", "and", "had", "established", "cont", "acts", "with", "pro", "-", "Wel", "sh", "in", "dependence", "political", "party", "Pl", "aid", "Cy", "m", "ru", "and", "Scottish", "in", "dependence", "activ", "ist", "W", "end", "y", "Wood", ".", "One", "day", "the", "party", "covered", "South", "Dub", "lin", "city", "with", "post", "ers", "saying", "\"", "R", "hy", "d", "did", "i", "G", "y", "m", "ru", "\"", "(", "F", "reedom", "for", "Wales", ")", "R", "his", "i", "art", "Tal", "-", "e", "-", "bot", ",", "former", "President", "of", "the", "European", "Free", "All", "iance", "Y", "outh", "is", "a", "member", ".", "The", "re", "j", "u", "ven", "ation", "of", "Irish", "re", "publican", "ism", "during", "the", "post", "-", "war", "period", "and", "into", "The", "Tr", "ou", "bles", "had", "some", "in", "spir", "ation", "not", "only", "for", "other", "C", "el", "tic", "national", "ists", ",", "but", "m", "ilit", "ant", "national", "ists", "from", "other", "\"", "small", "n", "ations", "\",", "such", "as", "the", "Bas", "ques", "with", "the", "E", "TA", ".", "In", "de", "ed", ",", "this", "was", "particularly", "per", "tin", "ent", "to", "the", "se", "cess", "ion", "ist", "national", "ism", "s", "of", "Spain", ",", "as", "the", "era", "of", "Fran", "co", "ist", "Spain", "was", "coming", "to", "a", "close", ".", "As", "well", "as", "this", ",", "there", "was", "ren", "ew", "ed", "interest", "in", "all", "th", "ings", "C", "el", "tic", "in", "the", "1960s", "and", "1970s", ".", "In", "a", "less", "m", "ilit", "ant", "f", "ashion", ",", "elements", "within", "Gal", "ic", "ian", "national", "ism", "and", "A", "st", "ur", "ian", "national", "ism", "began", "to", "court", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", ",", "att", "ending", "the", "Festival", "Inter", "cel", "t", "ique", "de", "Lor", "ient", "and", "the", "Pan", "C", "el", "tic", "Festival", "at", "K", "ill", "ar", "ney", ",", "as", "well", "as", "join", "ing", "the", "International", "Se", "ction", "of", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "League", ".", "Although", "this", "region", "had", "once", "been", "under", "I", "ber", "ian", "C", "el", "ts", ",", "had", "a", "strong", "res", "on", "ance", "in", "G", "ael", "ic", "my", "th", "ology", "(", "i", ".", "e", ".", "-", "Bre", "og", "án", ")", "and", "even", "during", "the", "Early", "Middle", "A", "ges", "had", "a", "small", "en", "cl", "ave", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "Brit", "on", "em", "igrants", "at", "Brit", "onia", "(", "similar", "to", "the", "case", "with", "Brit", "t", "any", "),", "no", "C", "el", "tic", "language", "had", "been", "sp", "ok", "en", "there", "since", "the", "e", "ighth", "century", "and", "today", "they", "spe", "ak", "Rom", "ance", "languages", ".", "During", "the", "so", "-", "called", "\"", "Gal", "ic", "ian", "cr", "is", "is", "\"", "of", "1986", ",", "the", "Gal", "ic", "ians", "were", "ad", "mitted", "to", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "League", "as", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "nation", "(", "Paul", "Mos", "son", "had", "arg", "ued", "for", "their", "incl", "usion", "in", "Car", "n", "since", "1980", ").", "This", "was", "subsequently", "over", "turned", "the", "following", "year", ",", "as", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "League", "re", "af", "fir", "med", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "languages", "as", "the", "integr", "al", "and", "defin", "ing", "fact", "or", "in", "what", "is", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "nation", ".", "21st", "century", "Following", "the", "Bre", "x", "it", "refer", "end", "um", "there", "were", "call", "s", "for", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Un", "ity", ".", "In", "November", "2016", ",", "the", "First", "Minister", "of", "Scotland", ",", "Nic", "ola", "St", "ur", "ge", "on", "stated", "the", "idea", "of", "a", "\"", "C", "el", "tic", "Cor", "rid", "or", "\"", "of", "the", "island", "of", "Ireland", "and", "Scotland", "appe", "aled", "to", "her", ".", "In", "January", "2019", "the", "leader", "of", "the", "Wel", "sh", "national", "ist", "Pl", "aid", "Cy", "m", "ru", "party", ",", "Adam", "Pr", "ice", "sp", "oke", "in", "fav", "our", "of", "co", "operation", "among", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", "of", "Britain", "and", "Ireland", "following", "Bre", "x", "it", ".", "Among", "his", "pro", "pos", "als", "were", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "Development", "Bank", "for", "joint", "in", "fr", "astr", "u", "cture", "and", "invest", "ment", "projects", "in", "energy", ",", "transport", "and", "communic", "ations", "in", "Ireland", ",", "Wales", ",", "Scotland", ",", "and", "the", "Is", "le", "of", "Man", ",", "and", "the", "found", "ation", "of", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "union", ",", "the", "structure", "of", "which", "is", "already", "exist", "ent", "in", "the", "Good", "Fr", "iday", "Ag", "re", "ement", "according", "to", "Pr", "ice", ".", "Spe", "aking", "to", "R", "T", "É", ",", "the", "Irish", "national", "broad", "c", "aster", "he", "proposed", "Wales", "and", "Ireland", "working", "together", "to", "promot", "e", "the", "ind", "igen", "ous", "languages", "of", "each", "nation", ".", "Bl", "og", "ger", "Ow", "en", "Don", "av", "an", "published", ",", "on", "his", "bl", "og", "State", "of", "Wales", ",", "his", "view", "s", "on", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "conf", "ederation", ",", "\"", "a", "vol", "unt", "ary", "union", "of", "s", "ov", "ere", "ign", "nation", "-", "states", "–", "between", "Ireland", ",", "Northern", "Ireland", ",", "Scotland", "and", "Wales", ".", "The", "Is", "le", "of", "Man", "would", "pres", "um", "ably", "be", "a", "candidate", "for", "incl", "usion", "too", ".", "Corn", "wall", "and", "Brit", "t", "any", "could", "be", "added", "as", "future", "members", "if", "they", "can", "att", "ain", "a", "meas", "ure", "of", "self", "-", "government", ".\"", "He", "also", "considered", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "Council", ",", "a", "similar", "co", "-", "operation", "that", "was", "proposed", "by", "Adam", "Pr", "ice", ".", "Journal", "ist", "J", "am", "ie", "D", "al", "g", "ety", "has", "also", "proposed", "the", "concept", "of", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "Union", "invol", "ving", "Scotland", "and", "Ireland", "but", "sugg", "ests", "that", "lack", "of", "support", "for", "Wel", "sh", "in", "dependence", "may", "mean", "that", "a", "G", "ael", "ic", "C", "el", "tic", "Union", "invol", "ving", "may", "be", "more", "appro", "pri", "ate", ".", "Bang", "or", "University", "lect", "urer", "and", "journalist", ",", "I", "fan", "M", "organ", "Jones", "has", "sugg", "ested", "that", "\"", "a", "short", "-", "term", "fix", "for", "Wales", ",", "Scotland", "and", "Northern", "Ireland", "might", "be", "a", "gre", "ater", "degree", "of", "co", "operation", "with", "each", "other", ",", "as", "a", "union", "within", "a", "union", ".\"", "he", "also", "sugg", "ested", "that", "\"", "If", "they", "could", "find", "a", "way", "of", "working", "together", "in", "their", "mut", "ual", "interest", ",", "that", "’", "s", "a", "fair", "degree", "of", "combined", "influence", ",", "particular", "if", "the", "next", "General", "E", "lection", "produ", "ces", "a", "h", "ung", "parliament", ".\"", "An", "ti", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "A", "movement", "among", "some", "ar", "che", "olog", "ists", "known", "as", "\"", "C", "el", "tos", "cept", "ic", "ism", "\"", "emer", "ged", "from", "the", "late", "1980s", ",", "through", "the", "1990s", ".", "This", "school", "of", "thought", ",", "initi", "ated", "by", "John", "C", "oll", "is", "s", "ought", "to", "under", "m", "ine", "the", "basis", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "and", "cast", "dou", "b", "ts", "on", "the", "leg", "it", "im", "acy", "of", "the", "very", "concept", "or", "any", "us", "age", "of", "the", "term", "\"", "C", "el", "ts", "\".", "This", "str", "ain", "of", "thought", "was", "particularly", "host", "ile", "to", "all", "but", "arch", "ae", "ological", "evidence", ".", "Part", "ly", "a", "re", "action", "to", "the", "r", "ise", "in", "C", "el", "tic", "de", "volution", "ist", "t", "end", "encies", ",", "these", "schol", "ars", "were", "op", "posed", "to", "describ", "ing", "the", "I", "ron", "A", "ge", "people", "of", "Britain", "as", "C", "el", "tic", "Brit", "ons", "and", "even", "dis", "li", "ked", "the", "use", "of", "the", "ph", "r", "ase", "C", "el", "tic", "in", "describ", "ing", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "language", "family", ".", "C", "oll", "is", ",", "an", "English", "man", "from", "the", "University", "of", "Cambridge", ",", "was", "host", "ile", "to", "the", "method", "ology", "of", "German", "professor", "G", "ust", "af", "K", "oss", "inn", "a", "and", "was", "host", "ile", "to", "C", "el", "ts", "as", "an", "eth", "nic", "ident", "ity", "co", "ales", "cing", "around", "a", "concept", "of", "her", "ed", "it", "ary", "anc", "est", "ry", ",", "culture", "and", "language", "(", "claim", "ing", "this", "was", "\"", "rac", "ist", "\"", ").", "As", "ide", "from", "this", "C", "oll", "is", "was", "host", "ile", "to", "the", "use", "of", "Class", "ical", "literature", "and", "Irish", "literature", "as", "a", "source", "for", "the", "I", "ron", "A", "ge", "period", ",", "as", "ex", "em", "pl", "ified", "by", "C", "el", "tic", "schol", "ars", "such", "as", "B", "arry", "C", "un", "lif", "fe", ".", "Through", "out", "the", "d", "ur", "ation", "of", "the", "deb", "ate", "on", "the", "historic", "ity", "of", "the", "ancient", "C", "el", "ts", ",", "John", "T", ".", "Ko", "ch", "stated", "that", "it", "is", "\"", "the", "scient", "ific", "fact", "of", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "family", "of", "languages", "that", "has", "we", "ather", "ed", "un", "sc", "a", "the", "d", "the", "C", "el", "tos", "cept", "ic", "controvers", "y", ".\"", "C", "oll", "is", "was", "not", "the", "only", "figure", "in", "this", "field", ".", "The", "two", "other", "fig", "ures", "most", "prominent", "in", "the", "field", "were", "Mal", "col", "m", "Chap", "man", "with", "his", "The", "C", "el", "ts", ":", "The", "Con", "struction", "of", "a", "My", "th", "(", "1992", ")", "and", "Simon", "James", "of", "the", "University", "of", "Le", "ices", "ter", "with", "his", "The", "Atlantic", "C", "el", "ts", ":", "An", "c", "ient", "People", "or", "Modern", "In", "vention", "?", "(", "1999", ").", "In", "particular", ",", "James", "eng", "aged", "in", "a", "particularly", "he", "ated", "ex", "change", "with", "V", "in", "cent", "Me", "g", "aw", "(", "and", "his", "wife", "Ru", "th", ")", "on", "the", "p", "ages", "of", "An", "ti", "qu", "ity", ".", "The", "Me", "g", "aw", "s", "(", "along", "with", "others", "such", "as", "Peter", "Ber", "res", "ford", "El", "l", "is", ")", "sus", "pected", "a", "polit", "ically", "mot", "iv", "ated", "ag", "end", "a", ";", "dr", "iven", "by", "English", "national", "ist", "res", "ent", "ment", "and", "an", "x", "iety", "at", "British", "Im", "perial", "decl", "ine", ";", "in", "the", "whole", "prem", "ise", "of", "C", "el", "tos", "cept", "ic", "the", "or", "ists", "(", "such", "as", "Chap", "man", ",", "Nick", "Mer", "r", "im", "an", "and", "J", ".", "D", ".", "Hill", ")", "and", "that", "the", "anti", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "position", "was", "a", "re", "action", "to", "the", "formation", "of", "a", "Scottish", "Parliament", "and", "Wel", "sh", "Assembly", ".", "For", "his", "part", ",", "James", "step", "ped", "forward", "to", "defend", "his", "fellow", "C", "el", "tos", "cept", "ics", ",", "claim", "ing", "that", "their", "re", "je", "ction", "of", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "idea", "was", "polit", "ically", "mot", "iv", "ated", ",", "but", "inv", "ok", "ed", "\"", "mult", "icult", "ural", "ism", "\"", "and", "s", "ought", "to", "de", "constru", "ct", "the", "past", "and", "im", "ag", "ine", "it", "as", "more", "\"", "d", "iverse", "\",", "rather", "than", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "un", "i", "form", "ity", ".", "At", "tem", "p", "ts", "to", "ident", "ify", "a", "distin", "ct", "C", "el", "tic", "R", "ace", "were", "made", "by", "the", "\"", "Har", "vard", "Arch", "ae", "ological", "M", "ission", "to", "Ireland", "\"", "in", "the", "193", "0s", ",", "led", "by", "Ear", "n", "est", "H", "oot", "on", ",", "which", "d", "rew", "the", "concl", "us", "ions", "needed", "by", "its", "spons", "or", "-", "government", ".", "The", "find", "ings", "were", "v", "ague", "and", "did", "not", "stand", "up", "to", "scr", "ut", "in", "y", ",", "and", "were", "not", "pur", "su", "ed", "after", "1945", ".", "The", "gen", "etic", "studies", "by", "David", "Re", "ich", "sugg", "est", "that", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "areas", "had", "three", "major", "population", "changes", ",", "and", "that", "the", "last", "group", "in", "the", "I", "ron", "A", "ge", ",", "who", "sp", "oke", "C", "el", "tic", "languages", ",", "had", "arrived", "in", "about", "1", "000", "BC", "E", ",", "after", "the", "building", "of", "ic", "onic", "sup", "posed", "ly", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "mon", "uments", "like", "Stone", "h", "enge", "and", "New", "gr", "ange", ".", "Re", "ich", "confirmed", "that", "the", "Ind", "o", "-", "European", "ro", "ot", "of", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "languages", "ref", "lected", "a", "population", "sh", "ift", ",", "and", "was", "not", "just", "a", "ling", "u", "istic", "ad", "opt", "ion", ".", "Man", "if", "est", "ations", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "can", "oper", "ate", "on", "one", "or", "all", "of", "the", "following", "levels", "listed", "below", ":", "L", "ingu", "istics", "L", "ingu", "istic", "organ", "is", "ations", "promot", "e", "ling", "u", "istic", "ties", ",", "not", "ably", "the", "G", "ors", "ed", "d", "in", "Wales", ",", "Corn", "wall", "and", "Brit", "t", "any", ",", "and", "the", "Irish", "government", "-", "spons", "ored", "Columb", "a", "In", "iti", "ative", "between", "Ireland", "and", "Scotland", ".", "Of", "ten", ",", "there", "is", "a", "split", "here", "between", "the", "Irish", ",", "Sc", "ots", "and", "Man", "x", ",", "who", "use", "Q", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Go", "id", "el", "ic", "languages", ",", "and", "the", "Wel", "sh", ",", "Corn", "ish", "and", "Bre", "ton", "s", ",", "who", "spe", "ak", "P", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Br", "y", "th", "onic", "languages", ".", "Music", "Music", "is", "a", "notable", "as", "pect", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "cultural", "links", ".", "Inter", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "f", "est", "ivals", "have", "been", "g", "aining", "popular", "ity", ",", "and", "some", "of", "the", "most", "notable", "include", "those", "at", "Lor", "ient", ",", "K", "ill", "ar", "ney", ",", "K", "il", "k", "enn", "y", ",", "Let", "ter", "k", "enn", "y", "and", "C", "el", "tic", "Conne", "ctions", "in", "Gl", "as", "g", "ow", ".", "Sports", "W", "rest", "ling", "There", "are", "similar", "ities", "across", "C", "el", "tic", "wrest", "ling", "st", "y", "les", ",", "with", "many", "comment", "ators", "sugg", "est", "ing", "that", "this", "indic", "ates", "they", "stem", "from", "a", "common", "style", ".", "In", "the", "Middle", "A", "ges", "it", "is", "known", "that", "the", "\"", "ch", "ampions", "from", "the", "E", "mer", "ald", "Is", "le", "(", "the", "Green", "Island", "or", "Ireland", ")", "met", "the", "Corn", "ish", "regular", "ly", "to", "wrest", "le", "\".", "The", "Irish", "style", "is", "known", "as", "C", "oll", "ar", "-", "and", "-", "el", "bow", "wrest", "ling", "and", "uses", "a", "\"", "j", "ack", "et", "\"", "as", "does", "Corn", "ish", "wrest", "ling", ".", "This", "was", "still", "true", "in", "the", "18", "00", "s", "when", "Irish", "ch", "ampions", "regular", "ly", "came", "to", "London", "to", "wrest", "le", "Corn", "ish", "and", "De", "von", "ian", "ch", "ampions", ".", "W", "rest", "ling", ",", "Week", "ly", "Dis", "p", "atch", "(", "London", "),", "23", "November", "18", "28", ",", "p", "5", ".", "W", "rest", "ling", ",", "M", "orning", "Ad", "vert", "is", "er", ",", "30", "May", "184", "9", ",", "p", "3", ".", "Corn", "wall", "and", "Brit", "t", "any", "have", "similar", "wrest", "ling", "st", "y", "les", "(", "Corn", "ish", "wrest", "ling", "and", "G", "our", "en", "respectively", ").", "There", "have", "been", "matches", "between", "wrest", "lers", "in", "these", "st", "y", "les", "over", "cent", "uries", ".", "For", "example", ",", "in", "15", "51", "between", "Corn", "ish", "soldiers", ",", "involved", "with", "Edward", "V", "I", "'", "s", "invest", "ing", "Hen", "ri", "II", "with", "the", "Order", "of", "the", "Gar", "ter", ",", "and", "Bre", "ton", "\"", "farm", "ers", "\".", "There", "is", "folk", "l", "ore", "that", "fish", "ing", "dis", "put", "es", "between", "Corn", "ish", "and", "Bre", "ton", "fish", "er", "men", "were", "sett", "led", "with", "wrest", "ling", "matches", ".", "More", "form", "ally", "Inter", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "championship", "s", "between", "Corn", "wall", "and", "Brit", "t", "any", "started", "in", "1928", ",", "but", "became", "less", "frequ", "ent", "since", "the", "1980s", ".", "Historic", "E", "vent", "-", "Bre", "ton", "s", "hosted", "at", "Corn", "ish", "G", "ors", "ed", "d", ",", "Western", "M", "ail", ",", "27", "August", "1929", ",", "p", "6", ".", "The", "C", "el", "tic", "wrest", "ling", "championship", "started", "in", "1985", "com", "pr", "ising", "G", "our", "en", "and", "Scottish", "Back", "hold", "or", "C", "umber", "land", "and", "West", "mor", "land", "wrest", "ling", "and", "sometimes", "other", "st", "y", "les", "such", "as", "Corn", "ish", "wrest", "ling", ".", "Team", "s", "that", "have", "competed", "in", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "wrest", "ling", "championship", "include", ":", "Brit", "t", "any", "Can", "aries", "Corn", "wall", "England", "Fr", "ys", "lan", "I", "cel", "and", "Ireland", "Leon", "Sal", "z", "burg", "S", "ard", "in", "ia", "Scotland", "Sweden", "Hur", "ling", "and", "Sh", "in", "ty", "Ireland", "and", "Scotland", "play", "each", "other", "at", "hur", "ling", "/", "sh", "in", "ty", "in", "tern", "ation", "als", ".", "Hand", "ball", "As", "with", "Hur", "ling", "and", "Sh", "in", "ty", ",", "Irish", "hand", "ball", "and", "Wel", "sh", "hand", "ball", "()", "share", "an", "ancient", "C", "el", "tic", "origin", ",", "but", "over", "the", "cent", "uries", "they", "developed", "into", "two", "se", "p", "ere", "ate", "sport", "with", "different", "rules", "and", "international", "organ", "is", "ations", ".", "In", "form", "al", "inter", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "matches", "were", "very", "likely", "a", "feature", "of", "industrial", "south", "Wales", "in", "the", "n", "inet", "een", "th", "century", ",", "with", "Irish", "imm", "igr", "ant", "workers", "said", "to", "have", "en", "joy", "ed", "playing", "the", "Wel", "sh", "game", ".", "However", ",", "attemp", "ts", "to", "play", "form", "al", "inter", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "matches", "would", "only", "be", "gin", "after", "the", "formation", "of", "The", "Wel", "sh", "Hand", "ball", "Association", "in", "1987", ".", "The", "association", "was", "t", "asked", "with", "playing", "international", "matches", "against", "n", "ations", "with", "similar", "sports", "such", "as", "Ireland", ",", "USA", "(", "American", "Hand", "ball", ")", "and", "England", "(", "F", "ives", ").", "To", "fac", "ilit", "ate", "international", "competition", ",", "a", "new", "set", "of", "rules", "were", "de", "vised", ",", "and", "even", "Wales", "'", "most", "famous", "P", "ê", "l", "-", "Law", "court", "(", "The", "N", "el", "son", "Court", ")", "was", "given", "new", "mark", "ings", ",", "more", "in", "-", "keep", "ing", "with", "the", "Irish", "game", ".", "Me", "an", "ing", "ful", "Wel", "sh", "-", "Irish", "matches", "finally", "became", "a", "re", "ality", "in", "October", "1994", ",", "with", "\"", "The", "One", "Wall", "World", "Championships", "\"", "held", "in", "Dub", "lin", "and", "an", "in", "aug", "ural", "\"", "European", "One", "Wall", "Hand", "ball", "Tour", "nam", "ent", "\"", "held", "at", "three", "cour", "ts", "across", "south", "Wales", "the", "following", "May", ".", "The", "1990s", "was", "the", "high", "point", "for", "these", "inter", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "r", "ival", "r", "ies", ",", "The", "success", "of", "Wales", "'", "Lee", "Dav", "ies", "(", "World", "Ch", "ampion", "in", "1997", ")", "saw", "large", "c", "row", "ds", "and", "high", "public", "interest", ".", "In", "recent", "years", "however", ",", "the", "decl", "ine", "of", "Hand", "ball", "in", "Wales", "has", "seen", "little", "interest", "in", "inter", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "competition", ".", "Rugby", "A", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "rugby", "tournament", "had", "been", "the", "subject", "of", "inter", "m", "itt", "ent", "discuss", "ions", "throughout", "the", "early", "years", "of", "professional", "ism", ".", "The", "first", "material", "step", "s", "to", "ward", "a", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "league", "were", "taken", "in", "the", "1999", "–", "2000", "season", ",", "when", "the", "Scottish", "districts", "Ed", "in", "burgh", "and", "Gl", "as", "g", "ow", "were", "inv", "ited", "to", "join", "the", "fully", "professional", "Wel", "sh", "Premier", "Division", ",", "cre", "ating", "the", "Wel", "sh", "–", "Scottish", "League", ".", "In", "2001", ",", "the", "four", "prov", "in", "ces", "of", "the", "Irish", "Rugby", "Football", "Union", "(", "I", "R", "F", "U", ")", "joined", ",", "with", "the", "new", "format", "being", "named", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "League", "'", "'", "'", ".", "Tod", "ay", ",", "the", "tournament", "is", "known", "as", "the", "United", "Rugby", "Championship", ",", "and", "has", "since", "expanded", "into", "Italy", "and", "South", "Africa", ",", "with", "no", "plans", "for", "exp", "ansion", "into", "the", "other", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", ".", "However", ",", "inter", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "r", "ival", "r", "ies", "continue", "within", "the", "league", ",", "under", "the", "legal", "name", "of", "the", "body", "running", "the", "competition", "C", "el", "tic", "Rugby", "D", "AC", ".", "In", "Women", "'", "s", "rugby", "union", ",", "The", "I", "R", "F", "U", ",", "W", "R", "U", "and", "SR", "U", "established", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "Ch", "all", "enge", "competition", "in", "2023", ".", "While", "the", "first", "tournament", "was", "cont", "ested", "by", "one", "team", "from", "each", "nation", "(", "Com", "b", "ined", "Prov", "in", "ces", "X", "V", ",", "Wel", "sh", "Develop", "m", "ment", "X", "V", "and", "the", "Th", "ist", "les", "),", "it", "is", "hop", "ed", "that", "the", "tournament", "will", "exp", "and", "to", "six", "compet", "ing", "teams", "(", "two", "from", "each", "union", ")", "in", "20", "24", ",", "with", "further", "exp", "ans", "ions", "planned", "over", "the", "next", "3", "to", "5", "years", ".", "Political", "Political", "groups", "such", "as", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "League", ",", "along", "with", "Pl", "aid", "Cy", "m", "ru", "and", "the", "Scottish", "National", "Party", "have", "co", "-", "operated", "at", "some", "levels", "in", "the", "Parliament", "of", "the", "United", "Kingdom", ",", "and", "Pl", "aid", "Cy", "m", "ru", "has", "asked", "quest", "ions", "in", "Parliament", "about", "Corn", "wall", "and", "co", "oper", "ates", "with", "Me", "by", "on", "K", "ern", "ow", ".", "The", "Regional", "Council", "of", "Brit", "t", "any", ",", "the", "govern", "ing", "body", "of", "the", "Region", "of", "Brit", "t", "any", ",", "has", "developed", "form", "al", "cultural", "links", "with", "the", "Wel", "sh", "Sen", "ed", "d", "and", "there", "are", "fact", "-", "find", "ing", "miss", "ions", ".", "Political", "pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "can", "be", "taken", "to", "include", "every", "thing", "from", "a", "full", "f", "ederation", "of", "independent", "C", "el", "tic", "states", ",", "to", "occas", "ional", "political", "vis", "its", ".", "During", "the", "Tr", "ou", "bles", ",", "the", "Pro", "vision", "al", "I", "RA", "adopted", "a", "policy", "of", "not", "moun", "ting", "attacks", "in", "Scotland", "and", "Wales", ",", "as", "they", "view", "ed", "England", "(", "having", "been", "the", "nation", "which", "initially", "inv", "ad", "ed", "Ireland", ")", "alone", "as", "the", "colon", "ial", "force", "occup", "ying", "Ireland", ".", "This", "was", "also", "poss", "ibly", "influ", "enced", "by", "the", "I", "RA", "chief", "of", "staff", "Se", "án", "Mac", "St", "í", "of", "á", "in", "(", "John", "Ste", "ph", "ens", "on", "),", "a", "London", "-", "born", "re", "publican", "who", "identified", "as", "a", "\"", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "t", "\".", "In", "2023", "a", "'", "C", "el", "tic", "For", "um", "'", "took", "place", "in", "Brit", "t", "any", ".", "At", "ten", "de", "es", "included", "First", "Minister", "of", "Wales", "Mark", "Dr", "ake", "ford", ",", "Deput", "y", "First", "Minister", "of", "Scotland", ",", "Sh", "ona", "Robin", "son", ",", "Lead", "er", "of", "the", "Corn", "wall", "Council", ",", "Lind", "a", "Taylor", ",", "Republic", "of", "Ireland", "Am", "bass", "ador", "to", "France", ",", "N", "i", "all", "Bur", "g", "ess", "s", "and", "Lo", "ï", "g", "Ch", "es", "na", "is", "-", "G", "ir", "ard", ",", "the", "President", "of", "the", "Regional", "Council", "of", "Brit", "t", "any", ".", "Political", "represent", "atives", "from", "A", "st", "ur", "ias", "and", "Gal", "ic", "ia", "were", "also", "present", ".", "Dr", "ake", "ford", "described", "the", "for", "um", "as", "\"", "an", "ex", "cell", "ent", "opportun", "ity", "to", "come", "together", "as", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", "and", "regions", ",", "to", "build", "on", "our", "cultural", "and", "historical", "links", "and", "seek", "out", "areas", "for", "future", "collabor", "ation", ",", "such", "as", "marine", "energy", ".\"", "Town", "tw", "inn", "ings", "Town", "tw", "inning", "is", "common", "between", "Wales", "–", "Brit", "t", "any", "and", "Ireland", "–", "Brit", "t", "any", ",", "cover", "ing", "hundr", "eds", "of", "communities", ",", "with", "ex", "changes", "of", "local", "politicians", ",", "cho", "ir", "s", ",", "d", "anc", "ers", "and", "school", "groups", ".", "Histor", "ical", "conne", "ctions", "The", "king", "dom", "of", "D", "á", "l", "R", "i", "ata", "was", "a", "G", "ael", "ic", "over", "king", "dom", "on", "the", "western", "se", "ab", "o", "ard", "of", "Scotland", "with", "some", "territory", "on", "the", "northern", "co", "as", "ts", "of", "Ireland", ".", "In", "the", "late", "sixth", "and", "early", "seven", "th", "century", "it", "en", "comp", "ass", "ed", "rough", "ly", "what", "is", "now", "Ar", "gy", "ll", "and", "B", "ute", "and", "Lo", "ch", "ab", "er", "in", "Scotland", "and", "also", "County", "An", "tr", "im", "in", "Northern", "Ireland", ".", "As", "recently", "as", "the", "13", "th", "century", ",", "\"", "members", "of", "the", "Scottish", "el", "ite", "were", "still", "pr", "oud", "to", "pro", "claim", "their", "G", "ael", "ic", "-", "Irish", "or", "ig", "ins", "and", "identified", "Ireland", "as", "the", "hom", "el", "and", "of", "the", "Sc", "ots", ".\"", "The", "14", "th", "century", "Scottish", "King", "Robert", "the", "Bru", "ce", "ass", "er", "ted", "a", "common", "ident", "ity", "for", "Ireland", "and", "Scotland", ".", "However", ",", "in", "later", "med", "ie", "val", "times", ",", "Irish", "and", "Scottish", "inter", "ests", "d", "iver", "ged", "for", "a", "number", "of", "reason", "s", ",", "and", "the", "two", "pe", "op", "les", "grew", "est", "ran", "ged", ".", "The", "con", "version", "of", "the", "Sc", "ots", "to", "Pro", "test", "ant", "ism", "was", "one", "fact", "or", ".", "The", "strong", "er", "political", "position", "of", "Scotland", "in", "relation", "to", "England", "was", "another", ".", "The", "dis", "par", "ate", "economic", "fort", "un", "es", "of", "the", "two", "was", "a", "third", "reason", ";", "by", "the", "184", "0s", "Scotland", "was", "one", "of", "the", "rich", "est", "areas", "in", "the", "world", "and", "Ireland", "one", "of", "the", "poor", "est", ".", "Over", "the", "cent", "uries", "there", "was", "consider", "able", "m", "igr", "ation", "between", "Ireland", "and", "Scotland", ",", "primarily", "as", "Sc", "ots", "Pro", "test", "ants", "took", "part", "in", "the", "plant", "ation", "of", "Ul", "ster", "in", "the", "17th", "century", "and", "then", "later", ",", "as", "many", "Irish", "began", "to", "be", "ev", "icted", "from", "their", "hom", "es", ",", "some", "em", "igr", "ating", "to", "Scottish", "cities", "in", "the", "19th", "century", "to", "escap", "e", "the", "\"", "Irish", "fam", "ine", "\".", "Re", "cent", "ly", "the", "field", "of", "Irish", "-", "Scottish", "studies", "has", "developed", "consider", "ably", ",", "with", "the", "Irish", "-", "Scottish", "Academ", "ic", "In", "iti", "ative", "(", "I", "SA", "I", ")", "founded", "in", "1995", ".", "To", "date", ",", "three", "international", "con", "ferences", "have", "been", "held", "in", "Ireland", "and", "Scotland", ",", "in", "1997", ",", "2000", "and", "2002", ".", "Organ", "is", "ations", "The", "International", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "is", "a", "non", "-", "political", "cultural", "organ", "isation", "that", "promot", "es", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "language", "in", "the", "six", "n", "ations", "of", "Ireland", ",", "Scotland", ",", "Brit", "t", "any", ",", "Wales", ",", "Is", "le", "of", "Man", "and", "Corn", "wall", ".", "The", "C", "el", "tic", "League", ",", "is", "a", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "political", "organization", ".", "C", "el", "tic", "regions", "/", "countries", "A", "number", "of", "Europe", "ans", "from", "the", "central", "and", "western", "regions", "of", "the", "contin", "ent", "have", "some", "C", "el", "tic", "anc", "est", "ry", ".", "As", "such", "it", "is", "generally", "claimed", "that", "the", "'", "l", "it", "mus", "test", "'", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "is", "a", "surv", "iving", "C", "el", "tic", "language", "and", "it", "was", "on", "this", "crit", "er", "ion", "that", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "league", "re", "jected", "Gal", "ic", "ia", ".", "The", "following", "regions", "have", "a", "surv", "iving", "C", "el", "tic", "language", "and", "it", "on", "this", "crit", "er", "ion", "that", "they", "are", "considered", ",", "by", "The", "Pan", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "in", "190", "4", "and", "C", "el", "tic", "League", ",", "to", "be", "the", "C", "el", "tic", "n", "ations", ".", "Brit", "t", "any", "Corn", "wall", "Ireland", "Is", "le", "of", "Man", "Scotland", "Wales", "Other", "regions", "with", "C", "el", "tic", "her", "itage", "are", ":", "Austria", "–", "With", "in", "the", "famous", "Hall", "st", "att", "cultural", "region", "–", "possible", "home", "of", "the", "C", "el", "ts", ".", "Czech", "Republic", "–", "Home", "of", "the", "Bo", "ii", "(", "Bo", "io", "ha", "em", "um", "–", "Bo", "hem", "ia", ")", "England", "C", "um", "br", "ia", "Far", "oe", "Islands", "France", "–", "Kn", "own", "previously", ",", "in", "classical", "times", ",", "as", "Gall", "ia", "/", "G", "aul", ".", "Class", "ical", "writ", "ings", "on", "G", "aul", "and", "its", "native", "C", "el", "tic", "trib", "es", "are", "the", "most", "ext", "ensive", "literature", "we", "have", "from", "the", "time", ".", "Northern", "Italy", ",", "known", "as", "C", "is", "al", "p", "ine", "G", "aul", ",", "was", "in", "hab", "ited", "by", "pop", "ulations", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "line", "age", ".", "Port", "ug", "al", "–", "Home", "to", "the", "L", "us", "it", "ani", ",", "Gall", "ae", "c", "ian", ",", "Tur", "det", "ani", "and", "other", "C", "el", "tic", "trib", "es", ".", "Spain", "–", "A", "large", "portion", "of", "the", "I", "ber", "ian", "pen", "ins", "ula", "was", "in", "hab", "ited", "by", "C", "el", "tic", "trib", "es", ".", "Spain", "and", "Port", "ug", "al", "has", "been", "hy", "po", "thes", "ized", "as", "the", "place", "of", "origin", "of", "the", "C", "el", "ts", "by", "Professor", "John", "Ko", "ch", ",", "of", "the", "University", "of", "Wales", ".", "A", "st", "ur", "ias", "-", "the", "princ", "ip", "ality", "of", "A", "st", "ur", "ias", "was", "named", "after", "the", "A", "st", "ur", "C", "el", "tic", "tr", "ibe", ".", "C", "ant", "abr", "ia", "–", "The", "current", "aut", "onom", "ous", "community", "(", "former", "du", "ch", "y", ")", "was", "named", "after", "the", "C", "ant", "ab", "ri", "tr", "ibe", ".", "Gal", "ic", "ia", "(", "with", "North", "Port", "ug", "al", ")", "–", "together", "as", "Gall", "ae", "c", "ia", "Cast", "ile", "and", "Le", "ón", "Cast", "ile", "-", "La", "Man", "ch", "a", "Ex", "t", "rem", "ad", "ura", "Community", "of", "Mad", "rid", "And", "al", "us", "ia", "(", "Tur", "det", "ani", "and", "other", "trib", "es", ")", "Slov", "en", "ia", "Histor", "ical", "part", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "Kingdom", "of", "Nor", "ic", "um", "C", "el", "ts", "outside", "Europe", "Are", "as", "with", "a", "C", "el", "tic", "language", "spe", "aking", "population", "There", "are", "notable", "Irish", "and", "Scottish", "G", "ael", "ic", "spe", "aking", "en", "cl", "aves", "in", "Atlantic", "Canada", ".", "The", "Pat", "agon", "ia", "region", "of", "Argent", "ina", "has", "a", "size", "able", "Wel", "sh", "spe", "aking", "population", ".", "The", "Wel", "sh", "settlement", "in", "Argent", "ina", "started", "in", "186", "5", "and", "is", "known", "as", "Y", "W", "lad", "fa", ".", "The", "C", "el", "tic", "di", "as", "por", "a", "The", "C", "el", "tic", "di", "as", "por", "a", "in", "the", "Amer", "ic", "as", ",", "as", "well", "as", "New", "Zealand", "and", "Australia", ",", "is", "significant", "and", "organ", "ised", "enough", "that", "there", "are", "numerous", "organ", "is", "ations", ",", "cultural", "f", "est", "ivals", "and", "university", "-", "level", "language", "class", "es", "available", "in", "major", "cities", "throughout", "these", "regions", ".", "In", "the", "United", "States", ",", "C", "el", "tic", "Family", "Mag", "azine", "is", "a", "national", "ly", "distr", "ibuted", "public", "ation", "providing", "news", ",", "art", ",", "and", "history", "on", "C", "el", "tic", "people", "and", "their", "des", "c", "end", "ants", ".", "The", "Irish", "G", "ael", "ic", "games", "of", "G", "ael", "ic", "football", "and", "hur", "ling", "are", "played", "across", "the", "world", "and", "are", "organ", "ised", "by", "the", "G", "ael", "ic", "Athlet", "ic", "Association", "while", "the", "Scottish", "game", "sh", "in", "ty", "has", "seen", "recent", "growth", "in", "the", "United", "States", ".", "Tim", "eline", "of", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "J", ".", "T", ".", "Ko", "ch", "ob", "serves", "that", "modern", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "ar", "ose", "in", "the", "contest", "of", "European", "rom", "antic", "pan", "-", "national", "ism", ",", "and", "like", "other", "pan", "-", "nation", "ist", "mov", "ements", ",", "fl", "our", "ished", "mainly", "before", "the", "First", "World", "War", ".", "He", "se", "es", "twent", "ie", "th", "century", "efforts", "in", "this", "regard", "as", "poss", "ibly", "ar", "ising", "out", "of", "a", "post", "-", "modern", "search", "for", "ident", "ity", "in", "the", "face", "of", "increased", "industrial", "ization", ",", "urban", "ization", "and", "technology", ".", "18", "20", ":", "The", "Royal", "C", "el", "tic", "Society", "founded", "in", "Scotland", "18", "38", ":", "First", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "called", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", ",", "A", "berg", "av", "enn", "y", "186", "7", ":", "Second", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", ",", "Saint", "-", "Br", "ie", "uc", "188", "8", ":", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Society", "formed", "in", "Dub", "lin", "189", "1", ":", "Pan", "-", "C", "el", "tic", "Society", "dis", "band", "s", "1919", "–", "1922", ":", "Irish", "War", "of", "In", "dependence", ",", "five", "-", "six", "ths", "of", "Ireland", "becomes", "independent", ",", "Northern", "Ireland", "g", "ets", "de", "vol", "ved", "government", "1939", "–", "1945", ":", "Second", "World", "War", "and", "German", "occup", "ation", "of", "Brit", "t", "any", "1947", ":", "C", "el", "tic", "Union", "formed", "1950", ":", "C", "oll", "ap", "se", "of", "C", "el", "tic", "Union", "1950", ":", "Corn", "wall", "host", "s", "its", "first", "C", "el", "tic", "con", "gress", "1961", ":", "Modern", "C", "el", "tic", "League", "founded", "at", "Rh", "os", "ll", "an", "er", "ch", "r", "ug", "og", "1971", ":", "K", "ill", "ar", "ney", "Pan", "C", "el", "tic", "Festival", "begins", "1997", ":", "Columb", "a", "In", "iti", "ative", "begins", "1999", ":", "Scottish", "Parliament", "and", "Wel", "sh", "Assembly", "open", "2000", ":", "The", "Corn", "ish", "Con", "stitut", "ional", "Con", "vention", "is", "formed", "2000", "–", "2001", ":", "The", "Corn", "ish", "Con", "stitut", "ional", "Con", "vention", "collect", "over", "50", ",", "000", "sign", "at", "ures", "end", "ors", "ing", "the", "call", "for", "a", "Corn", "ish", "Assembly", ".", "See", "also", "List", "of", "mov", "ements", "in", "Wales", "Ag", "nes", "O", "'", "Far", "rel", "ly", "Al", "an", "He", "us", "aff", "Ar", "mes", "Pr", "y", "de", "in", "'", "'", "Charles", "de", "G", "aul", "le", "John", "St", "u", "art", "St", "u", "art", "-", "Gl", "enn", "ie", "Mon", "a", "Dou", "gl", "as", "Richard", "J", "en", "kin", "Ru", "ar", "aid", "h", "Er", "sk", "ine", "S", "oph", "ia", "Mor", "r", "ison", "Th", "é", "od", "ore", "H", "ers", "art", "de", "la", "V", "ille", "mar", "qu", "é", "Notes", "References", "Bibliography", "External", "links", "The", "C", "el", "tic", "League", "C", "el", "tic", "Congress", "Columb", "a", "In", "iti", "ative", "The", "C", "el", "tic", "Real", "m", "De", "colon", "ization", "An", "ti", "-", "im", "perial", "ism", "in", "Europe", "Brit", "t", "any", "C", "el", "tic", "national", "ism", "C", "el", "tic", "Rev", "ival", "Congress", "C", "el", "tic", "ism", "Political", "mov", "ements", "in", "Ireland", "Political", "mov", "ements", "in", "Wales", "Political", "mov", "ements", "in", "Scotland" ]
[ 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 29685, 27527, 43, 26159, 24597, 30, 26596, 17, 26892, 24608, 26575, 24594, 16, 27865, 24915, 30, 26596, 17, 29025, 88, 25282, 72, 16, 28397, 24690, 30, 26596, 17, 43, 24613, 88, 25282, 72, 16, 28404, 24679, 30, 26596, 17, 29025, 88, 25282, 72, 16, 25310, 92, 30, 26596, 17, 39, 25280, 88, 24638, 25017, 87, 24758, 24762, 25137, 24594, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 24586, 39, 24613, 27230, 25743, 25284, 24593, 69, 26244, 16, 26455, 24596, 28540, 27595, 24614, 25998, 25105, 25945, 24630, 24592, 24683, 24596, 24869, 27719, 25142, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 12, 25379, 24585, 24980, 93, 24580, 29602, 24596, 43, 26159, 24597, 70, 24771, 26456, 13, 24596, 24585, 26757, 39, 24613, 24704, 24581, 25386, 26958, 25506, 18, 26726, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25337, 24593, 24833, 24614, 25998, 24688, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 24620, 24926, 24599, 24672, 24585, 24994, 26514, 24596, 26024, 24596, 29942, 24862, 24781, 28664, 28272, 25338, 26577, 16, 25293, 26662, 25672, 27164, 24614, 25998, 24688, 25878, 27256, 24869, 27719, 25142, 27756, 87, 24658, 24671, 24761, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 16, 24581, 24585, 24839, 24595, 27865, 24915, 25743, 25284, 16, 28404, 24679, 25743, 25284, 16, 27133, 25743, 25284, 16, 25310, 92, 25743, 25284, 16, 27527, 25743, 25284, 16, 24596, 28397, 24690, 25743, 25284, 18, 24906, 24651, 24858, 27050, 17, 25743, 24641, 25103, 26767, 25221, 24594, 27050, 17, 24868, 25284, 16, 27050, 17, 27326, 25284, 16, 27050, 17, 25583, 25284, 16, 27050, 17, 25496, 27050, 25284, 16, 27050, 17, 27580, 25284, 16, 27050, 17, 28157, 25284, 16, 27050, 17, 26499, 24668, 25284, 16, 27050, 17, 26263, 24583, 24669, 25284, 16, 24596, 26662, 16, 24585, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27595, 29125, 24767, 24595, 29211, 27415, 25743, 25284, 24596, 28162, 24601, 27892, 16, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 29386, 25628, 18, 24627, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27595, 24625, 25066, 29198, 25104, 24585, 27012, 24596, 26025, 24804, 28620, 12, 27783, 24633, 24722, 26865, 25359, 27906, 24874, 26726, 25551, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25062, 27385, 25676, 25468, 25172, 24585, 43, 24903, 24588, 72, 24596, 24585, 41, 24641, 24588, 72, 74, 24694, 16, 25293, 24585, 28152, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 24625, 29210, 24712, 24581, 29007, 18, 27169, 24682, 24978, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 24808, 26326, 24585, 29198, 26489, 24595, 26244, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 18, 24657, 29993, 26834, 29659, 26883, 25030, 24584, 28540, 39, 24613, 27230, 24869, 27719, 16, 27641, 25208, 26153, 24597, 24598, 24633, 29595, 16, 25221, 24594, 25331, 16, 26706, 24596, 29130, 74, 24655, 29992, 16, 24686, 27263, 28440, 24601, 27520, 24594, 25033, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 18, 26372, 24931, 25427, 25650, 24593, 25191, 29321, 93, 29923, 24585, 26334, 39, 24613, 24704, 18, 25954, 25221, 26919, 24625, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 11, 87, 27759, 24597, 24669, 24810, 24593, 24593, 18, 25111, 24625, 69, 28435, 24688, 24752, 29070, 24585, 26617, 26436, 24595, 27759, 24597, 24677, 26794, 24636, 24614, 28400, 18, 24627, 28140, 24626, 24625, 24600, 29202, 24584, 24585, 29275, 24595, 69, 28190, 24595, 69, 29643, 24595, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 25996, 18, 26726, 25200, 25297, 26019, 24682, 25002, 24920, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 24803, 28516, 24682, 25244, 25957, 25380, 25016, 25957, 29086, 24596, 25163, 25583, 25380, 24942, 25583, 24597, 25212, 24594, 24921, 18, 29579, 24593, 24585, 27804, 24595, 24585, 24818, 26096, 24641, 25686, 39, 24613, 27230, 27521, 24601, 26744, 18, 25302, 24585, 24583, 24687, 92, 24626, 24595, 29579, 24647, 29027, 77, 26269, 24581, 28398, 16, 24581, 25336, 27932, 69, 26408, 24672, 24585, 27133, 26647, 27971, 24588, 25200, 24669, 29808, 24641, 26509, 25857, 25790, 86, 213, 28783, 24582, 24831, 24878, 28136, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 24803, 28516, 24595, 25200, 25297, 16, 28873, 6, 45, 25466, 28281, 25201, 24593, 69, 24650, 73, 24726, 26470, 24768, 25142, 24640, 25200, 25297, 24596, 24585, 39, 24613, 24704, 18, 50, 24990, 24595, 26872, 24581, 24585, 25200, 24669, 24788, 25909, 24686, 25860, 24601, 24636, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 25366, 25215, 24924, 29468, 25200, 25297, 27352, 24666, 24814, 24581, 26296, 39, 24613, 27230, 24803, 28516, 24596, 29579, 26070, 24676, 24589, 24748, 24595, 24585, 27038, 29375, 25509, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 24673, 25636, 27385, 24581, 25506, 18, 28137, 24593, 24833, 25221, 24594, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 24596, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 25043, 24585, 27347, 24793, 24682, 69, 11, 39, 24613, 27230, 28251, 11, 24593, 69, 28251, 24651, 27318, 25838, 24595, 69, 27835, 39, 24613, 27230, 25996, 18, 25592, 29391, 24652, 27594, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 24678, 24644, 24928, 29399, 24585, 25957, 27498, 24596, 24585, 86, 25279, 24595, 26635, 24683, 16, 24941, 27569, 24581, 45, 25617, 37, 24721, 27937, 24596, 26779, 16, 24947, 25540, 29244, 24672, 24763, 24585, 26757, 43, 26159, 24597, 29244, 12, 25260, 27133, 16, 27527, 43, 26159, 24597, 24596, 25310, 92, 13, 24596, 24980, 93, 24580, 29602, 29244, 12, 25260, 28397, 24690, 16, 27865, 24915, 24596, 28404, 24679, 13, 24893, 71, 24725, 18, 26370, 24941, 16, 25635, 24651, 26662, 24581, 24924, 28923, 28629, 25506, 24831, 26995, 24878, 28136, 25426, 25588, 24581, 24637, 29244, 24672, 24585, 25515, 25073, 83, 17, 26085, 28942, 12, 25221, 24594, 24585, 43, 25720, 87, 16, 39, 24613, 27193, 24681, 25297, 24596, 27759, 24590, 25297, 24758, 24920, 24948, 25055, 24619, 25913, 24959, 28440, 24601, 24581, 69, 28878, 24723, 25948, 24620, 24594, 24585, 39, 24613, 24704, 16, 28288, 24581, 69, 26677, 29697, 24710, 25651, 25570, 24585, 26145, 24595, 24585, 29048, 25087, 18, 58, 26586, 24833, 24595, 24585, 26334, 6, 39, 24613, 88, 25243, 25221, 24594, 29025, 24601, 77, 24798, 24948, 25030, 24581, 26907, 24715, 24683, 24647, 24585, 29169, 24737, 24596, 24585, 29211, 24841, 24601, 26105, 24601, 25191, 26572, 24595, 25639, 24941, 16, 25221, 24594, 25503, 24694, 24643, 24640, 11, 25043, 24595, 24598, 24581, 24954, 25598, 24601, 24585, 43, 25720, 87, 18, 24627, 26757, 24640, 24754, 24595, 6, 39, 24613, 88, 6, 24581, 24600, 25947, 24601, 25639, 26034, 25224, 29125, 24772, 25861, 25520, 18, 37, 84, 28703, 24582, 24581, 24585, 25401, 24625, 26026, 38, 25455, 24583, 24583, 16, 69, 25009, 24580, 17, 25087, 27527, 29182, 16, 54, 26349, 24897, 24985, 26690, 24641, 24596, 88, 24660, 24586, 24601, 25889, 26033, 28168, 24595, 27733, 18, 26228, 69, 27527, 43, 26159, 24597, 17, 24947, 25540, 25334, 16, 38, 25455, 24583, 24583, 24581, 24684, 54, 24582, 24656, 27051, 24597, 24592, 24656, 26259, 24677, 12, 25018, 29841, 24758, 26003, 24752, 24585, 25088, 24939, 24595, 56, 24616, 24598, 24640, 24831, 24798, 28574, 24588, 24585, 26473, 24683, 25142, 24585, 25996, 24595, 24585, 43, 25720, 87, 24596, 24585, 28970, 25193, 25285, 18, 38, 25455, 24583, 24583, 28180, 29317, 16, 24692, 24585, 43, 25720, 87, 24747, 39, 24613, 88, 25299, 16, 24594, 25002, 24747, 25896, 24594, 24581, 25957, 29089, 16, 25115, 24585, 25193, 25285, 24747, 39, 24613, 88, 25299, 27639, 18, 24736, 25623, 24601, 26068, 69, 29882, 24581, 25468, 27290, 24596, 28180, 29317, 24682, 24585, 25193, 25285, 24596, 27133, 43, 69, 25354, 26995, 24878, 28136, 24748, 39, 24613, 27230, 25996, 24763, 25163, 72, 25140, 26162, 18, 24805, 25084, 82, 11, 88, 24636, 25359, 24752, 69, 25087, 25163, 25091, 25639, 24814, 24594, 24747, 29704, 26383, 25719, 31, 24818, 24647, 24585, 27865, 24915, 29182, 26108, 17, 61, 26048, 25061, 94, 25617, 24581, 24684, 24800, 27193, 24715, 24598, 200, 24650, 25403, 50, 24626, 24645, 24650, 25403, 80, 24822, 24802, 27378, 88, 24589, 26505, 24600, 24718, 25264, 24604, 94, 43, 25720, 26848, 12, 24940, 20, 23, 13, 24596, 25115, 24647, 24585, 28397, 24690, 29182, 27707, 48, 27100, 93, 72, 24581, 24684, 26232, 25299, 25029, 24677, 25193, 24910, 25177, 30, 24800, 25275, 27272, 24595, 24585, 48, 25610, 25434, 16, 26259, 24675, 24596, 39, 24640, 25725, 87, 24595, 24585, 28868, 24591, 24657, 27711, 25575, 24595, 26604, 27937, 12, 24940, 29846, 24874, 25920, 24585, 24978, 24585, 26757, 29032, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 24704, 24594, 69, 24941, 24798, 27758, 26162, 16, 24862, 26683, 24631, 24589, 24798, 26819, 25624, 25097, 27505, 25577, 16, 26846, 24752, 24647, 25583, 24597, 24941, 18, 26204, 24633, 16, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25193, 25285, 24595, 25097, 17, 25957, 27937, 24747, 26106, 24832, 24588, 24647, 69, 88, 24814, 24595, 25927, 25169, 17, 55, 25240, 24584, 29177, 24672, 24585, 28561, 25087, 24584, 24596, 26439, 25066, 24595, 24862, 29482, 24601, 25154, 18, 25594, 24747, 28307, 28440, 24601, 24594, 24585, 28397, 24690, 24941, 24596, 24585, 28404, 24679, 24941, 18, 37, 25273, 24595, 25639, 24949, 24588, 27937, 24591, 26577, 24596, 26304, 25121, 24581, 24924, 28923, 28629, 25506, 24581, 24780, 28189, 25177, 16, 28059, 24585, 27865, 24915, 24941, 18, 24627, 43, 69, 25354, 24618, 69, 25293, 24756, 25520, 29710, 16, 84, 26009, 24599, 24767, 24595, 26779, 24601, 24652, 24715, 24582, 29900, 24775, 24581, 27937, 16, 25960, 24599, 24788, 27317, 24647, 24585, 82, 24581, 24580, 25087, 18, 26228, 24585, 25267, 24580, 25087, 24584, 24993, 16, 24585, 24848, 25628, 24595, 24585, 25011, 24710, 87, 16, 28091, 28929, 24809, 25089, 24618, 24585, 25407, 24835, 24762, 24618, 24585, 39, 24613, 24704, 18, 24627, 25011, 24710, 87, 25212, 24614, 24588, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25889, 25784, 87, 12, 25960, 24599, 24585, 29787, 24696, 25637, 24595, 27244, 24758, 24585, 27133, 25889, 25784, 87, 12, 25960, 24599, 24585, 27510, 24929, 24595, 26779, 13, 24596, 25676, 26539, 24595, 24585, 27527, 24981, 25340, 93, 25172, 25033, 25715, 26194, 18, 25111, 27617, 24985, 24625, 26133, 28736, 24581, 24652, 27631, 24768, 24651, 24585, 26774, 25986, 11, 87, 29005, 24586, 24669, 24693, 24839, 16, 24763, 24625, 27016, 26388, 24585, 27024, 24602, 24581, 25506, 18, 24627, 72, 24766, 25925, 24595, 25551, 26757, 25506, 29249, 24955, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 24678, 24644, 24928, 24581, 26308, 24763, 26960, 26111, 25734, 28901, 24595, 24581, 28834, 25002, 24798, 25475, 28129, 24633, 25097, 28844, 24712, 24601, 24585, 27758, 27669, 25320, 27498, 24596, 24581, 24585, 26464, 24595, 24585, 40, 25455, 93, 24595, 25193, 88, 24956, 16, 24585, 26514, 24595, 26024, 18, 27238, 25379, 24585, 47, 24939, 24595, 25921, 12, 24585, 56, 24711, 24903, 13, 24596, 24585, 47, 24939, 24595, 27733, 12, 24585, 25550, 91, 26706, 13, 24595, 24585, 25058, 27538, 39, 24613, 27230, 25353, 24655, 25064, 24596, 25030, 24927, 24581, 28687, 24669, 28540, 26666, 24692, 87, 24601, 27773, 24585, 29275, 24618, 69, 25320, 24981, 25340, 93, 27398, 25320, 6, 25270, 27203, 26198, 24647, 28342, 27654, 25208, 25149, 24821, 73, 24758, 25379, 72, 25828, 24745, 24675, 28449, 69, 27016, 26388, 28375, 24595, 25927, 25020, 28182, 18, 24627, 43, 69, 25354, 24595, 26779, 26439, 24862, 25812, 25889, 25784, 87, 24601, 24585, 26514, 24595, 26779, 24942, 24585, 25487, 24789, 24595, 24585, 29588, 87, 24581, 25009, 29846, 16, 25293, 24585, 28749, 27722, 24595, 45, 26759, 28052, 24826, 24601, 24650, 17, 43, 26159, 24597, 25279, 24585, 25626, 24775, 25076, 26392, 24581, 25009, 29734, 18, 24627, 29137, 24595, 25639, 29210, 24855, 24747, 29014, 16, 24835, 25676, 24672, 24585, 43, 69, 25354, 24862, 27494, 29526, 24909, 24718, 16, 24763, 24798, 25553, 25617, 25719, 24862, 27521, 18, 27245, 25927, 24938, 24609, 25429, 25320, 29086, 16, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 17, 24947, 25540, 24678, 24644, 24928, 24747, 29763, 24601, 69, 81, 25135, 28126, 25719, 16, 29659, 28576, 24941, 16, 25734, 27578, 24629, 24596, 27125, 24582, 25203, 16, 24691, 24599, 24599, 24601, 24585, 27768, 24595, 24585, 25386, 29054, 18, 27560, 24585, 28894, 24727, 28819, 24581, 24585, 29048, 25087, 16, 29045, 24836, 26368, 24598, 24711, 24589, 24747, 25927, 25020, 25719, 24596, 24949, 24588, 25000, 69, 25817, 24594, 24729, 69, 25787, 24585, 25320, 27498, 24594, 24583, 29486, 24685, 25171, 26586, 24590, 18, 27476, 24650, 17, 43, 26159, 24597, 28182, 25676, 25468, 24618, 24585, 27133, 25104, 24585, 26604, 27533, 24582, 24596, 24585, 25626, 24775, 25076, 26392, 25104, 24585, 25626, 24775, 39, 26429, 26612, 18, 26525, 26218, 24633, 24618, 24585, 27865, 24915, 87, 16, 24942, 24585, 25596, 28819, 16, 24585, 29204, 24870, 25080, 25826, 27830, 29045, 24836, 27016, 28182, 16, 25296, 28390, 25063, 25082, 24596, 24618, 25146, 71, 25868, 16, 24587, 27921, 24647, 24585, 25596, 26873, 24637, 24817, 24581, 27682, 24, 18, 25805, 16, 29740, 26578, 24584, 28549, 29445, 73, 24625, 26432, 24633, 27094, 27921, 24601, 24585, 27891, 27415, 29344, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 88, 16, 24763, 24625, 24791, 24633, 25413, 24584, 27885, 17, 46, 26501, 24589, 54, 24797, 24620, 24786, 11, 87, 25722, 24586, 26524, 24595, 24585, 82, 24870, 24604, 87, 24668, 24754, 24596, 24585, 26383, 24683, 24595, 26033, 26365, 24844, 25170, 11, 87, 27764, 87, 24669, 24597, 88, 25544, 27181, 25506, 18, 28549, 29445, 73, 11, 87, 24687, 84, 24607, 91, 16, 29740, 26578, 24584, 27108, 16, 25084, 25163, 24920, 24585, 26670, 27815, 200, 27660, 25012, 24981, 25934, 24671, 24955, 24601, 26260, 24714, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 43, 25720, 24679, 27406, 18, 24657, 24650, 24588, 16, 24581, 26024, 24585, 24844, 86, 24963, 6, 82, 24674, 25353, 201, 24664, 24589, 24928, 43, 25720, 26848, 6, 12, 24714, 25353, 24655, 24903, 24585, 43, 25720, 87, 13, 24625, 25212, 24834, 24588, 24647, 29211, 27415, 25743, 25006, 16, 29496, 24581, 69, 24600, 27489, 74, 29938, 16, 24601, 26105, 24601, 24585, 28131, 24595, 24585, 24941, 16, 25216, 24713, 24601, 24585, 24592, 28244, 24810, 26389, 12, 27538, 24601, 24636, 24595, 26741, 24679, 17, 25583, 24597, 28341, 24874, 40, 24766, 25925, 24595, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 24594, 69, 26244, 28661, 27560, 24585, 72, 26194, 25581, 24595, 29204, 24870, 24598, 25284, 24594, 69, 26244, 28124, 24581, 27937, 24596, 26779, 16, 24651, 24585, 28129, 25960, 24718, 24595, 28977, 24752, 24669, 27937, 25016, 24585, 24952, 24681, 24591, 16, 86, 24813, 24641, 28712, 28204, 24595, 24585, 24879, 26327, 24587, 24718, 16, 69, 25152, 80, 25124, 24595, 29211, 27415, 25284, 24581, 24585, 26075, 29048, 25087, 29560, 24596, 6, 24585, 39, 24613, 88, 6, 24625, 24600, 26613, 25521, 24712, 24581, 29130, 16, 24581, 69, 27595, 24763, 24593, 27890, 25137, 24594, 6, 39, 24613, 24601, 24710, 24677, 25215, 24627, 25066, 29198, 28494, 25833, 26834, 24595, 24585, 29221, 24606, 25434, 24595, 24927, 39, 24613, 27230, 29386, 25628, 24747, 26033, 26365, 24844, 25170, 16, 25931, 24595, 24585, 26077, 27334, 24595, 27764, 87, 24669, 12, 24940, 29607, 13, 24596, 45, 24612, 83, 49, 25337, 91, 75, 16, 28625, 24595, 24585, 43, 24903, 24588, 72, 18, 24627, 24634, 24638, 25527, 24595, 24585, 6, 39, 24613, 27230, 25166, 6, 24762, 29672, 25407, 24596, 48, 24639, 24775, 25076, 26392, 24902, 25525, 25221, 24594, 25241, 25019, 16, 59, 24750, 87, 27725, 16, 25920, 25617, 16, 25079, 80, 25145, 24596, 26402, 18, 24657, 26738, 24585, 25471, 89, 27046, 29672, 74, 29026, 27042, 24618, 26615, 24630, 24629, 16, 24594, 25407, 24596, 25596, 26907, 26172, 25297, 16, 25221, 24594, 25643, 24709, 89, 24801, 25145, 16, 25149, 37, 24733, 26806, 16, 24824, 200, 26391, 24890, 25749, 25055, 24650, 25403, 26563, 72, 11, 25085, 24735, 75, 24687, 24596, 46, 26501, 24589, 26328, 24816, 93, 16, 25623, 24601, 25973, 24688, 28970, 24885, 29304, 24642, 87, 24596, 72, 24612, 81, 24845, 24651, 24585, 25471, 89, 27046, 18, 24657, 24585, 24722, 24623, 87, 16, 25551, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25062, 27385, 25623, 24601, 25371, 16, 24818, 24633, 25142, 24585, 28397, 24690, 24596, 24585, 27865, 24915, 87, 16, 24594, 26444, 24891, 24811, 24596, 27885, 17, 25146, 198, 26848, 24843, 43, 24584, 24814, 71, 26245, 26577, 24601, 25207, 26075, 24585, 24871, 29686, 25556, 25000, 27865, 24915, 18, 24627, 24907, 25203, 24747, 24610, 27887, 24595, 24862, 27228, 24723, 29244, 24596, 25379, 29328, 26650, 27103, 24581, 24862, 24781, 27273, 18, 24805, 24625, 24581, 24927, 29801, 24682, 69, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 25676, 25468, 24590, 24585, 27357, 81, 24600, 24628, 93, 72, 72, 24602, 93, 42, 25187, 24593, 28152, 41, 24641, 24588, 72, 74, 24694, 24581, 37, 26562, 24668, 25187, 93, 24581, 24722, 26865, 16, 25072, 27865, 24915, 87, 27446, 18, 29826, 25639, 26438, 25575, 24625, 24824, 200, 24694, 24806, 44, 24629, 24673, 24650, 25760, 58, 25757, 25748, 24715, 200, 16, 25931, 24595, 24585, 26365, 24844, 25170, 17, 49, 25337, 91, 75, 26650, 27150, 25497, 94, 25022, 27865, 24782, 16, 24831, 24634, 25856, 24585, 43, 24903, 24588, 72, 28661, 25000, 25193, 88, 24956, 18, 24657, 24650, 24588, 16, 24585, 27865, 24915, 25743, 25006, 25084, 24636, 24585, 25066, 24587, 27335, 77, 29105, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25006, 16, 28349, 24594, 69, 29065, 24610, 17, 84, 24581, 25142, 24585, 26035, 27285, 31, 6, 24664, 24654, 25437, 6, 25880, 26054, 25338, 12, 26024, 24758, 24927, 27702, 25154, 24601, 26387, 24740, 26882, 24672, 27645, 24815, 24588, 24678, 24644, 24928, 26836, 24585, 29985, 24596, 25002, 24762, 24690, 26264, 69, 26707, 24866, 24769, 24718, 24601, 24585, 26774, 27925, 24642, 24651, 24585, 27133, 18, 25275, 25489, 25506, 16, 26757, 39, 24613, 27230, 29229, 24747, 25371, 24599, 24594, 24583, 29024, 26538, 77, 24659, 24734, 18, 24627, 25583, 87, 25121, 24585, 24968, 24581, 24585, 25401, 24651, 25073, 83, 17, 26085, 25632, 89, 24641, 25146, 94, 38, 27833, 24581, 24722, 26865, 16, 27031, 24772, 24647, 29881, 24910, 47, 24594, 25041, 26261, 25231, 11, 25014, 24611, 27440, 25177, 39, 24613, 88, 25177, 12, 26186, 23, 24874, 24657, 24650, 24588, 16, 24594, 25583, 25844, 24625, 29873, 24581, 86, 25628, 25064, 24651, 26024, 24596, 25921, 16, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25953, 24655, 24602, 24625, 24595, 27373, 24601, 25154, 24596, 25002, 24747, 24914, 24601, 24726, 24648, 24723, 24585, 24690, 27511, 27814, 39, 24613, 27230, 17, 25413, 25743, 25284, 87, 18, 24736, 24581, 27242, 62, 24634, 24719, 16, 24585, 28851, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 24590, 24974, 24837, 27242, 26049, 25280, 81, 25015, 24581, 28248, 12, 27516, 73, 25013, 24586, 24595, 47, 24631, 83, 25443, 27737, 24758, 24878, 28136, 24581, 25529, 29, 24595, 24585, 25844, 25180, 24638, 28568, 24581, 24585, 6, 39, 24613, 27230, 24653, 24599, 73, 24595, 24585, 24994, 26514, 11, 87, 27242, 24752, 24869, 24590, 6, 24596, 27516, 28665, 24682, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 25084, 26326, 69, 26244, 27158, 24594, 26742, 24601, 24585, 27884, 24595, 26085, 29595, 24594, 24585, 26302, 25060, 25572, 25103, 26767, 24595, 27050, 17, 25583, 25284, 24596, 27050, 17, 26499, 24668, 25284, 18, 26594, 29024, 27365, 25272, 25922, 26509, 82, 24655, 29126, 24583, 11, 87, 25760, 26077, 200, 87, 24716, 24893, 28853, 27378, 27193, 28444, 12, 26186, 24, 13, 24596, 27118, 24585, 91, 24780, 82, 24867, 11, 87, 24627, 26247, 93, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 29420, 25690, 12, 25802, 27, 24874, 24627, 29511, 26207, 24647, 24780, 82, 24867, 24625, 69, 28605, 17, 24588, 26162, 26106, 24750, 31, 24607, 25403, 29317, 39, 24613, 27230, 27514, 24597, 24596, 27740, 24769, 28649, 26767, 16, 24835, 73, 25078, 24635, 24581, 25719, 25154, 24596, 27203, 26198, 25002, 29501, 24585, 29534, 24595, 69, 25165, 24681, 16, 25683, 24633, 25927, 25169, 17, 55, 25240, 24584, 29086, 18, 37, 29032, 24592, 25307, 26134, 25191, 26085, 27638, 25029, 25006, 16, 28288, 24673, 24597, 26826, 24647, 26440, 80, 26049, 25280, 81, 24974, 24837, 27242, 25790, 25247, 24613, 16, 25072, 24647, 24585, 6, 27287, 24595, 24585, 25743, 25996, 24593, 69, 87, 24616, 25204, 24664, 24865, 25243, 24586, 25837, 25060, 25672, 27164, 16, 6, 25159, 25996, 16, 25159, 28251, 25215, 25111, 72, 24847, 24656, 24625, 24762, 29558, 24647, 25743, 25006, 24581, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 16, 28288, 26444, 29259, 24595, 24585, 27550, 26779, 27595, 16, 24831, 16, 25216, 24713, 24601, 24585, 28058, 26774, 17, 25413, 6, 71, 24622, 24597, 26991, 6, 25913, 25284, 24595, 69, 28265, 51, 11, 24924, 82, 24731, 16, 24732, 24582, 24826, 24583, 27133, 25743, 25284, 25072, 24585, 27133, 25996, 25084, 26326, 24607, 75, 24635, 29602, 26995, 25098, 18, 24906, 24607, 27538, 69, 6, 24941, 26443, 69, 25996, 24595, 24783, 24781, 24593, 25089, 26202, 69, 28251, 25215, 24657, 69, 25765, 26153, 24597, 24598, 24633, 26244, 24652, 26190, 16, 25996, 29461, 25628, 24641, 26572, 27758, 26162, 25221, 24594, 24585, 26510, 24618, 24585, 25746, 24582, 28791, 24595, 24585, 27133, 48, 25610, 24754, 16, 24763, 25084, 25163, 26326, 24585, 43, 26159, 24597, 25375, 18, 24657, 69, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 24652, 26190, 16, 26500, 24650, 43, 25720, 24604, 12, 24631, 25741, 24595, 24585, 25060, 28211, 25991, 26500, 24650, 43, 25720, 24604, 24758, 24831, 27186, 26821, 24581, 27865, 24915, 26505, 27509, 25284, 24596, 24614, 25998, 24712, 24618, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 26275, 24581, 25802, 24, 16, 25135, 29335, 24682, 6, 25165, 25444, 24594, 69, 24652, 24715, 25351, 24941, 24947, 24700, 87, 26054, 25996, 25208, 24862, 24652, 24715, 24629, 16, 24585, 26066, 24791, 24595, 25154, 28330, 26716, 25215, 24821, 43, 25720, 24604, 29581, 24588, 24651, 24941, 24581, 25193, 88, 24956, 16, 26779, 16, 27733, 24596, 27244, 16, 25135, 89, 24599, 24682, 25703, 29501, 24601, 24869, 25211, 24688, 24581, 69, 29801, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 24631, 24683, 24596, 27356, 24663, 29726, 24862, 28494, 29244, 24586, 24858, 91, 25279, 24862, 25654, 24594, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 25084, 24636, 25588, 24581, 24637, 18, 37, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 26526, 24625, 26409, 24647, 24650, 43, 25720, 24604, 11, 87, 24665, 86, 24899, 26281, 25356, 43, 25282, 83, 94, 24581, 25821, 23, 16, 25137, 24594, 29386, 24802, 39, 24613, 88, 26788, 18, 24657, 25802, 27, 24650, 43, 25720, 24604, 25337, 25719, 24585, 24818, 25034, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 75, 25376, 24599, 24581, 26898, 17, 24980, 24716, 24965, 16, 25193, 88, 24956, 18, 25694, 27133, 27446, 24596, 24585, 25309, 26495, 24747, 28617, 28397, 24690, 24596, 27865, 24915, 18, 56, 18, 41, 18, 25421, 80, 24593, 16, 24585, 27406, 24595, 27357, 81, 26325, 42, 93, 72, 72, 24625, 69, 28831, 29804, 24595, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 16, 24606, 25105, 6, 25472, 27139, 24918, 24618, 28385, 24599, 26577, 39, 24613, 27230, 24600, 24839, 24629, 24596, 39, 24613, 27230, 24678, 24644, 24928, 18, 24627, 25033, 26495, 24595, 27133, 25203, 16, 28397, 24690, 25203, 24596, 63, 27527, 65, 25709, 24595, 24998, 24686, 27708, 25063, 24757, 18, 28306, 27332, 25838, 24593, 25878, 26473, 16, 24862, 25126, 24644, 25415, 24903, 24686, 24585, 25515, 24596, 24862, 28282, 24688, 91, 25575, 24686, 24585, 25515, 18, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 24596, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 26196, 26268, 24627, 24818, 25744, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 24625, 25337, 25719, 24647, 25420, 81, 25324, 27707, 42, 25891, 25092, 72, 11, 24788, 24636, 24596, 28128, 24695, 42, 26503, 26292, 28501, 16, 26956, 29064, 29145, 25305, 16, 25016, 24585, 69, 24640, 84, 25511, 24595, 24862, 39, 24613, 27230, 26196, 24596, 24625, 25605, 24581, 25313, 25454, 21, 24581, 28414, 24823, 18, 25111, 24798, 27031, 24584, 24672, 24583, 28058, 26171, 26227, 24595, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 29294, 24599, 24590, 24585, 25155, 41, 24641, 24588, 72, 74, 24694, 24595, 27244, 16, 25605, 24581, 48, 25140, 28278, 24581, 29007, 18, 28688, 28818, 24625, 42, 25891, 25092, 11, 87, 29657, 24985, 24590, 25300, 24593, 39, 73, 27755, 24581, 24585, 26075, 25529, 25219, 16, 24763, 72, 25892, 28911, 24672, 24585, 26035, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 18, 24627, 24907, 28920, 25648, 25191, 26111, 24595, 24583, 24630, 27123, 25828, 24810, 25677, 27904, 31, 42, 25891, 25092, 16, 24595, 25596, 25041, 24609, 24754, 24635, 24816, 24616, 24588, 24583, 24695, 24609, 44, 29067, 82, 26391, 24608, 24677, 24596, 26429, 26428, 24585, 27133, 25996, 16, 25293, 42, 26503, 26292, 28501, 24893, 71, 25396, 24672, 28970, 27133, 26317, 29512, 12, 24585, 26365, 29001, 24853, 69, 25218, 192, 24815, 69, 24628, 24595, 27764, 24840, 24628, 73, 24758, 24835, 24625, 27880, 24581, 24585, 25320, 26040, 24596, 24798, 28058, 24948, 69, 28127, 25077, 27168, 12, 24581, 24650, 24588, 16, 24585, 25967, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 24625, 25977, 27882, 24618, 69, 24854, 25936, 24595, 24585, 26832, 25255, 24582, 25209, 24874, 24627, 25039, 24957, 24613, 25754, 25132, 25337, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 26196, 24625, 39, 24613, 88, 24677, 30, 37, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25732, 24580, 24633, 26282, 26835, 16, 24588, 24863, 24647, 42, 25891, 25092, 16, 24763, 24771, 24672, 25352, 25454, 21, 25359, 25454, 24, 24596, 24625, 28671, 24633, 29461, 25199, 24581, 25454, 27, 25327, 28927, 26303, 24618, 26663, 24581, 25176, 29636, 18, 27128, 25045, 28082, 24625, 91, 24613, 24665, 24588, 24647, 27865, 24915, 25146, 198, 26848, 46, 24744, 24653, 25187, 24603, 18, 24800, 24631, 26974, 25242, 24626, 6, 24627, 39, 24613, 27230, 29013, 6, 24625, 26409, 24581, 25454, 24, 24596, 24771, 25359, 29636, 18, 26259, 24669, 26972, 24581, 40, 24612, 24583, 27361, 24735, 24595, 29606, 24966, 83, 25461, 25015, 25724, 24589, 24585, 27595, 24594, 26296, 6, 24631, 26142, 25701, 24589, 25157, 24657, 26238, 16, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 26196, 24625, 24914, 24601, 25337, 25279, 25151, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 24589, 30, 28414, 24823, 12, 25454, 21, 24758, 27875, 25369, 24592, 74, 24584, 12, 25454, 24, 13, 24596, 25420, 24581, 27886, 12, 25454, 27, 24874, 29477, 24595, 25639, 26274, 24651, 24583, 24613, 26136, 24688, 24687, 83, 17, 24815, 89, 24630, 24597, 29366, 25580, 16, 24651, 24585, 27773, 24599, 24595, 24585, 48, 24677, 39, 24734, 24608, 27398, 54, 24852, 29933, 6, 24758, 24763, 72, 25892, 24581, 27179, 24626, 24672, 24585, 48, 24677, 42, 192, 24608, 24596, 29933, 24595, 55, 24652, 73, 18, 24627, 27195, 24625, 25842, 28086, 25153, 24596, 27062, 24588, 24595, 25842, 24699, 24583, 24850, 70, 24938, 24737, 16, 25703, 24651, 69, 28679, 24595, 24585, 27228, 24723, 39, 24613, 27230, 28251, 24645, 24610, 24588, 25000, 24598, 24581, 24862, 24781, 25996, 12, 77, 18, 73, 18, 17, 6, 41, 6, 24618, 26779, 16, 6, 37, 6, 24618, 27733, 16, 6, 39, 6, 24618, 27244, 24874, 25197, 24585, 27773, 24599, 24595, 24585, 27195, 16, 24585, 26232, 24815, 89, 24630, 24595, 24585, 41, 24641, 24588, 72, 74, 24694, 16, 44, 91, 27925, 49, 211, 82, 25084, 27092, 25151, 26418, 24581, 43, 26159, 24597, 16, 25293, 25771, 24599, 69, 24791, 24633, 24631, 24971, 69, 24585, 72, 26106, 24750, 16, 6, 25134, 25201, 29370, 35, 6, 24601, 24763, 24585, 24941, 27642, 24588, 6, 25061, 24852, 25215, 24627, 28094, 28117, 25284, 24581, 24803, 24609, 24581, 24927, 24625, 24885, 24738, 24601, 25833, 69, 27991, 24902, 25279, 24601, 24585, 25320, 27498, 11, 87, 24732, 24634, 24608, 25105, 25927, 25169, 17, 55, 25240, 24584, 25284, 24594, 24673, 24597, 26826, 24647, 24585, 27403, 24589, 24595, 54, 24711, 28257, 47, 77, 24659, 24599, 18, 25056, 24585, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 24704, 16, 25002, 24634, 24638, 25624, 69, 25448, 25839, 6, 39, 24613, 27230, 26465, 25243, 24835, 25072, 25703, 39, 24613, 27230, 24941, 25084, 24920, 24783, 24781, 25743, 27138, 26443, 24732, 24634, 24608, 25105, 24663, 25000, 69, 24631, 77, 24839, 24683, 18, 24627, 48, 24677, 39, 24734, 24608, 24625, 24762, 29170, 24594, 69, 24844, 24663, 24597, 28094, 28117, 16, 24600, 24790, 27815, 24585, 28970, 24885, 29304, 24642, 87, 25982, 25686, 27948, 24651, 24585, 39, 24613, 24704, 24596, 24752, 26145, 24599, 24585, 6, 26061, 24581, 28182, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 24704, 24647, 24862, 55, 25240, 24584, 27513, 70, 26316, 25215, 24627, 28363, 24595, 24585, 25066, 24614, 29059, 24596, 81, 25521, 24738, 25743, 25284, 24595, 69, 6, 39, 24613, 27230, 6, 24941, 31, 27133, 25743, 25284, 31, 24625, 29014, 18, 24627, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 24704, 24747, 80, 24832, 27095, 24588, 24647, 40, 18, 52, 18, 26036, 24583, 24581, 24627, 29142, 24582, 16, 25016, 24585, 26063, 24595, 6, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27867, 24648, 25215, 24627, 28589, 26913, 29950, 24596, 24815, 89, 24630, 24597, 69, 24589, 24585, 88, 24930, 24747, 27795, 81, 25467, 24588, 16, 27420, 25293, 26036, 24583, 16, 24831, 27948, 27133, 25743, 24683, 24651, 26774, 25284, 16, 24625, 29120, 24597, 25044, 24595, 24585, 25057, 25881, 24738, 25284, 24595, 25379, 42, 25891, 25092, 24596, 42, 26503, 26292, 28501, 18, 24627, 26438, 24626, 24595, 24585, 28552, 24594, 69, 6, 26643, 25148, 25197, 28497, 6, 25296, 24585, 25255, 24629, 12, 27810, 27133, 25743, 25006, 28205, 24651, 24585, 27133, 26781, 27444, 24591, 28558, 24899, 13, 24625, 24762, 25153, 26327, 24588, 24594, 24631, 27022, 18, 26036, 24583, 28180, 29317, 24682, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 24625, 6, 25041, 24594, 24598, 24597, 6, 24672, 27133, 25743, 25284, 16, 26199, 24647, 69, 6, 28393, 24582, 6, 12, 42, 25891, 25092, 13, 24596, 87, 26001, 24601, 28536, 26340, 27133, 24587, 24582, 75, 24675, 18, 51, 27395, 24747, 25765, 24902, 24604, 81, 24757, 31, 24644, 24581, 24602, 24581, 24585, 43, 26159, 24597, 25375, 24625, 28887, 24596, 25365, 25002, 26354, 24809, 24601, 87, 24725, 24583, 26550, 25833, 25077, 16, 25191, 25622, 25671, 29657, 27337, 26708, 24939, 12, 25260, 27322, 25722, 24594, 27315, 24650, 16, 26292, 28501, 52, 24717, 24620, 24596, 26605, 25735, 25456, 24874, 28651, 24587, 27335, 77, 29105, 24625, 28858, 29005, 24817, 16, 24831, 24634, 24638, 25624, 24583, 26779, 17, 25121, 6, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27498, 25243, 25293, 25643, 26885, 25819, 61, 73, 25729, 24762, 27446, 24585, 28414, 24823, 28317, 18, 24891, 25538, 24609, 43, 26159, 24597, 25375, 25913, 25006, 25221, 24594, 52, 24717, 24620, 16, 27707, 26285, 25828, 16, 25149, 24709, 18, 25046, 24911, 27376, 72, 16, 26444, 25643, 54, 24853, 24655, 24584, 16, 26444, 51, 11, 25486, 24689, 25619, 24731, 16, 28147, 25173, 26841, 25046, 25307, 24596, 25643, 43, 24751, 24951, 24663, 25167, 28489, 27391, 24921, 24601, 24585, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 18, 27436, 24592, 25282, 76, 26509, 25252, 24734, 24625, 24583, 29657, 24738, 18, 26509, 25252, 24734, 26821, 24625, 24583, 24614, 25998, 24688, 24595, 69, 6, 43, 26159, 24597, 27984, 28465, 6, 25142, 26779, 24596, 27733, 18, 26148, 48, 29793, 72, 26026, 16, 24831, 25084, 25163, 24601, 25192, 24584, 24601, 24636, 24585, 28570, 26785, 24595, 24585, 24994, 26514, 16, 28493, 24588, 69, 24947, 28968, 24590, 24585, 25454, 24, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 18, 27865, 24915, 29780, 24641, 26275, 28625, 54, 200, 75, 24593, 24650, 80, 11, 27473, 26616, 24636, 24689, 24584, 27446, 24585, 25454, 27, 24652, 25955, 16, 25342, 24588, 24585, 27865, 24915, 25691, 24602, 24595, 24585, 26256, 24602, 24596, 26008, 24585, 27865, 24915, 27195, 24584, 24585, 48, 24677, 39, 24734, 24689, 18, 26841, 46, 25187, 24582, 16, 28687, 25643, 25721, 24806, 24596, 25149, 25709, 24708, 24915, 17, 24709, 89, 24673, 16, 27192, 24829, 24715, 24676, 24595, 38, 25412, 27403, 24774, 25279, 27446, 24585, 25454, 27, 24652, 25955, 18, 26509, 25252, 24734, 25167, 24583, 25636, 26683, 24601, 25139, 24772, 69, 6, 27603, 24595, 28397, 24690, 16, 25076, 26392, 24596, 27133, 24651, 69, 25276, 24601, 26146, 24584, 24636, 26202, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 25480, 25284, 25157, 24736, 26299, 24601, 26444, 43, 91, 25828, 82, 27902, 25370, 24599, 24618, 27203, 24655, 24921, 24584, 28397, 24690, 25203, 24601, 25212, 24850, 24601, 25712, 24618, 69, 28317, 24584, 25139, 25737, 25221, 69, 26592, 24772, 18, 24805, 24593, 29224, 24692, 25221, 69, 28317, 25034, 25676, 25468, 18, 24657, 26833, 16, 29131, 24585, 6, 25760, 48, 24628, 24802, 39, 24613, 88, 26788, 25146, 25656, 25279, 6, 24625, 27742, 24596, 24798, 69, 27710, 25446, 6, 25760, 26077, 24645, 26788, 6, 24763, 25728, 27988, 24596, 29130, 24672, 24663, 25787, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25750, 18, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 24942, 24585, 41, 25666, 54, 26388, 39, 24613, 27230, 25743, 25284, 87, 24747, 24807, 24764, 24588, 26923, 24845, 24959, 24647, 24585, 27133, 41, 25666, 54, 26388, 24595, 29255, 16, 25072, 69, 25273, 24595, 24600, 27268, 26868, 28345, 24599, 24601, 24585, 27133, 27653, 26300, 24703, 26931, 24740, 25776, 81, 25521, 24738, 24633, 25296, 24585, 25320, 27498, 25104, 24585, 26204, 25166, 25209, 24601, 24732, 27465, 24583, 27133, 26681, 18, 25593, 24595, 24862, 26244, 25390, 16, 25847, 24584, 28058, 27133, 17, 26779, 24982, 24597, 24675, 24625, 69, 24600, 17, 43, 26159, 24597, 28182, 24595, 26779, 30, 24682, 24593, 24601, 27092, 69, 24650, 17, 27916, 28182, 24595, 25927, 25169, 28540, 16, 25632, 89, 27302, 24596, 28054, 24607, 75, 24635, 25580, 24596, 69, 24600, 17, 24732, 27465, 24602, 24595, 24585, 28494, 39, 24613, 27230, 27521, 18, 25302, 24585, 29221, 86, 26388, 16, 24862, 29595, 24869, 25544, 24926, 24581, 26779, 25787, 55, 25021, 42, 200, 24581, 18, 24657, 24858, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 16, 26572, 24747, 26409, 25771, 24599, 26473, 25276, 87, 24596, 26116, 29138, 25945, 24630, 24592, 24683, 24651, 26779, 25104, 24585, 27133, 25209, 24595, 24657, 28834, 30, 24927, 25922, 24585, 27865, 24915, 17, 26946, 27865, 24782, 25197, 28584, 16, 24585, 25076, 26392, 25155, 25375, 24595, 27436, 24592, 25282, 76, 26509, 25252, 24734, 24596, 26273, 26912, 25224, 24581, 27244, 24831, 25084, 25163, 25192, 24584, 24601, 25096, 25123, 25282, 27357, 81, 26325, 18, 24627, 29643, 24595, 26033, 24924, 82, 24612, 24633, 24596, 24585, 25336, 28819, 24581, 27266, 27621, 25468, 24590, 24585, 25515, 24978, 16, 24762, 25121, 25191, 24601, 24634, 24638, 24734, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 26455, 25284, 24586, 25480, 25284, 31, 24583, 28661, 27948, 24651, 26509, 25252, 24734, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 24585, 24600, 27268, 24713, 25149, 26365, 24604, 24583, 24596, 25643, 43, 24689, 24675, 18, 26509, 25252, 24734, 27538, 24585, 6, 28878, 24622, 24641, 27809, 24674, 24581, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 27332, 25243, 24798, 24948, 16, 6, 25016, 24931, 24588, 24647, 25927, 25169, 17, 55, 25240, 24584, 25595, 25966, 24595, 75, 26710, 24596, 25965, 24679, 26060, 25215, 24627, 76, 25226, 24595, 25191, 39, 24613, 27230, 25743, 25006, 24682, 69, 29207, 17, 27756, 26779, 25803, 24756, 24594, 69, 29421, 26107, 24618, 27133, 27653, 26040, 17, 24589, 25657, 25999, 25628, 24883, 24618, 24862, 24781, 82, 24833, 24596, 24585, 6, 24952, 24681, 24626, 6, 24595, 24585, 25448, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 29017, 24844, 24671, 25084, 29719, 69, 24913, 29642, 24718, 18, 37, 81, 25521, 24738, 27527, 25561, 29593, 24582, 27158, 26409, 24647, 43, 24689, 24675, 16, 42, 24669, 25901, 25901, 76, 24788, 27317, 31, 24763, 25692, 24585, 178, 75, 25403, 24697, 25901, 76, 168, 24792, 24910, 24614, 25998, 24712, 24600, 27489, 25284, 24596, 43, 26159, 24597, 25743, 25284, 31, 24625, 24913, 25524, 26231, 24647, 26605, 24997, 24823, 87, 24831, 24614, 29550, 43, 24689, 24675, 24682, 24585, 25320, 25338, 24625, 26707, 24582, 24581, 27733, 25208, 26779, 24596, 24682, 25242, 24644, 24581, 24602, 24625, 25060, 25296, 25154, 18, 24964, 24648, 24585, 27133, 29037, 25461, 24625, 25572, 16, 24585, 26730, 24599, 28769, 31, 42, 24734, 43, 26159, 24586, 42, 24669, 25901, 42, 192, 24608, 31, 24747, 29337, 24601, 25010, 24754, 24581, 25033, 17, 25621, 24591, 25817, 29419, 26389, 24651, 24585, 25320, 25338, 24581, 24583, 25636, 26683, 24601, 24920, 26355, 24585, 25008, 26797, 24581, 27199, 26779, 16, 27641, 25208, 25983, 24599, 39, 24613, 27230, 25743, 24641, 81, 25521, 25575, 25880, 27937, 18, 24627, 27133, 25338, 16, 28288, 25016, 168, 24611, 24584, 24650, 26057, 26268, 25671, 26127, 25191, 25636, 26683, 24584, 24585, 28540, 24596, 25632, 89, 27302, 26633, 24581, 24954, 25598, 24601, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 18, 25056, 26802, 24985, 24581, 24585, 27792, 24595, 28055, 16, 24585, 27133, 56, 28584, 25279, 24769, 24650, 26057, 26268, 25423, 24863, 24585, 25134, 24604, 24595, 25310, 24596, 25547, 24651, 25310, 92, 24710, 16, 50, 24588, 49, 25301, 25050, 80, 18, 26751, 25201, 24607, 24798, 24585, 27133, 42, 27114, 80, 24806, 27147, 26127, 25210, 24939, 24595, 24585, 25812, 16, 24867, 16, 28494, 25310, 92, 43, 26159, 24597, 17, 24947, 28614, 16, 25260, 49, 25301, 25050, 80, 18, 27651, 17, 25573, 29210, 26834, 24596, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 37, 25273, 25446, 6, 37, 25349, 24769, 88, 25901, 75, 39, 73, 24608, 26575, 6, 12, 39, 24613, 27230, 24739, 24683, 13, 24625, 25139, 24772, 24601, 26284, 73, 24585, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25390, 24581, 25406, 27811, 18, 24805, 24625, 25342, 24588, 24647, 168, 24611, 24584, 82, 26365, 49, 25213, 24614, 26229, 18, 49, 45, 25, 28533, 24598, 24601, 24636, 69, 29733, 26633, 24618, 24585, 27133, 74, 29026, 24641, 26460, 37, 24608, 88, 24624, 77, 25901, 76, 37, 25279, 24624, 75, 24607, 24596, 24625, 24601, 28315, 24594, 6, 69, 86, 24904, 24599, 25992, 24618, 27133, 16, 27527, 16, 28397, 24690, 24596, 27865, 24915, 25743, 25006, 25157, 24627, 25273, 24798, 24585, 25515, 25890, 24591, 28987, 24594, 24585, 26460, 18, 25197, 24783, 25096, 24626, 24585, 25273, 27177, 24682, 6, 24585, 25126, 25490, 24593, 24660, 24621, 24633, 24600, 84, 24880, 82, 24738, 24601, 24585, 27378, 27230, 24652, 27594, 24595, 25372, 6, 24596, 25446, 24618, 69, 24983, 25683, 25413, 27277, 69, 6, 28767, 27767, 27378, 27230, 28712, 28204, 25157, 37, 24608, 88, 24624, 77, 25901, 76, 37, 25279, 24624, 75, 24607, 27892, 24798, 69, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25390, 24596, 24798, 25572, 25062, 27385, 24651, 24685, 17, 28397, 24690, 24581, 28834, 26244, 26460, 25123, 25282, 27357, 81, 26325, 24596, 27527, 24581, 28834, 25913, 24641, 59, 24725, 93, 27427, 18, 25954, 25058, 24585, 26460, 26590, 25236, 28414, 24823, 25491, 24651, 25890, 24629, 28873, 6, 54, 25017, 72, 25671, 77, 43, 93, 81, 26325, 6, 12, 42, 29035, 24618, 27244, 13, 54, 24684, 77, 24673, 28253, 17, 73, 17, 27348, 16, 25346, 26180, 24595, 24585, 26085, 29037, 25361, 28110, 61, 24953, 24593, 69, 25537, 18, 24627, 24600, 78, 89, 25232, 24626, 24595, 27133, 24600, 27489, 25284, 25104, 24585, 25890, 17, 25573, 26000, 24596, 25000, 24627, 25024, 24603, 29566, 24798, 25191, 24581, 27179, 24626, 24809, 25089, 24618, 24858, 39, 24613, 27230, 25743, 25006, 16, 24835, 81, 25521, 24738, 25743, 25006, 24672, 24858, 6, 25734, 82, 24833, 25243, 25221, 24594, 24585, 27609, 28444, 24651, 24585, 41, 29475, 18, 24657, 24650, 24588, 16, 24927, 24625, 28288, 24726, 28923, 24609, 24601, 24585, 24620, 25013, 24602, 24641, 25743, 25284, 87, 24595, 27471, 16, 24594, 24585, 26268, 24595, 25146, 24869, 24641, 27471, 24625, 26469, 24601, 69, 27256, 18, 24906, 25173, 24594, 24927, 16, 25201, 24625, 26183, 24774, 24588, 27373, 24581, 24663, 24580, 24939, 39, 24613, 27230, 24581, 24585, 28643, 24596, 28367, 18, 24657, 69, 25765, 81, 25521, 24738, 74, 29938, 16, 28907, 25880, 27759, 24597, 24669, 25743, 25284, 24596, 37, 24606, 24615, 24669, 25743, 25284, 25623, 24601, 26906, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 16, 24866, 26303, 24585, 27253, 26620, 27378, 88, 26788, 24650, 29528, 25397, 24596, 24585, 26596, 39, 24613, 27230, 27253, 24590, 47, 24689, 24592, 25714, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 27431, 24599, 24585, 25731, 24779, 24768, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 18, 27238, 24927, 26436, 24798, 26995, 24948, 25016, 45, 24681, 24669, 39, 24613, 24704, 16, 24798, 69, 26707, 24753, 24584, 24985, 24581, 43, 26159, 24597, 25148, 24580, 25427, 12, 77, 18, 73, 18, 17, 27865, 24776, 27822, 13, 24596, 26142, 25104, 24585, 26580, 27964, 37, 26182, 24798, 69, 25734, 24587, 24691, 24820, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 25193, 24584, 24635, 29563, 24590, 25193, 28830, 12, 26473, 24601, 24585, 26464, 24651, 25193, 88, 24956, 24758, 25159, 39, 24613, 27230, 25996, 24798, 24948, 24878, 24834, 24587, 25201, 25570, 24585, 73, 29850, 25087, 24596, 28471, 25002, 24947, 24700, 29211, 24985, 29244, 18, 25867, 24585, 25165, 17, 25446, 6, 27759, 24597, 24669, 24810, 24593, 24593, 6, 24595, 26801, 16, 24585, 27759, 24597, 25297, 24747, 24614, 28400, 24601, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 24594, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 28251, 12, 26108, 27336, 24951, 24798, 25135, 29335, 24618, 24862, 24892, 27879, 24581, 25198, 82, 25570, 26890, 24874, 25111, 24625, 28307, 24752, 28481, 24585, 25528, 24854, 16, 24594, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 24600, 24744, 24787, 24992, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 29244, 24594, 24585, 28555, 24591, 24596, 27347, 24599, 25691, 24586, 24581, 26111, 24593, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 28251, 18, 26639, 25087, 27560, 24585, 27865, 92, 24598, 26105, 24725, 24656, 25201, 24747, 25230, 87, 24618, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 24739, 24683, 18, 24657, 25406, 25600, 16, 24585, 26204, 26785, 24595, 27733, 16, 29302, 27002, 24709, 24615, 24721, 24584, 27177, 24585, 28661, 24595, 69, 6, 39, 24613, 27230, 25749, 27307, 24586, 6, 24595, 24585, 27730, 24595, 26779, 24596, 27733, 25264, 27526, 24601, 24803, 18, 24657, 25352, 25655, 24585, 27406, 24595, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25743, 24641, 25123, 25282, 27357, 81, 26325, 26460, 16, 28150, 24891, 24811, 24878, 28136, 24581, 27288, 24714, 24595, 24869, 27719, 26134, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 24595, 27937, 24596, 26779, 25528, 27865, 92, 24598, 18, 29826, 24684, 24685, 24936, 24702, 24747, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 28084, 27729, 24618, 29412, 24581, 24653, 27736, 89, 26014, 24596, 26535, 24718, 29018, 24581, 28372, 16, 28192, 24596, 28113, 24833, 24581, 26779, 16, 27244, 16, 27733, 16, 24596, 24585, 25134, 24604, 24595, 25310, 16, 24596, 24585, 25096, 24626, 24595, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 27603, 16, 24585, 27677, 24595, 24763, 24593, 28103, 26744, 24609, 24581, 24585, 28038, 24974, 29591, 26827, 24600, 25138, 27753, 24601, 24891, 24811, 18, 28071, 25540, 24601, 54, 56, 168, 16, 24585, 27133, 25743, 26461, 71, 25666, 24607, 28578, 27244, 24596, 26779, 26609, 26577, 24601, 26284, 73, 24585, 24888, 28848, 24797, 29244, 24595, 25703, 28251, 18, 25241, 24776, 26065, 29440, 24587, 26126, 24668, 24583, 25728, 16, 24584, 24684, 25237, 24776, 25461, 24595, 27244, 16, 24684, 25276, 87, 24584, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 27984, 28465, 16, 6, 69, 25561, 25168, 24713, 27603, 24595, 87, 24658, 24671, 24761, 28251, 17, 27221, 4992, 25142, 26779, 16, 27199, 26779, 16, 27733, 24596, 27244, 18, 24627, 25134, 24604, 24595, 25310, 25084, 24925, 24656, 26729, 24636, 69, 28696, 24618, 24892, 27879, 27639, 18, 28404, 27141, 24596, 25193, 88, 24956, 25803, 24636, 27220, 24594, 27884, 25622, 24692, 25002, 24995, 24866, 24667, 69, 27429, 24794, 24595, 25965, 17, 25621, 25215, 24736, 24762, 26603, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 26176, 16, 69, 26473, 24869, 17, 27719, 24682, 24625, 28578, 24647, 28150, 24891, 24811, 18, 27967, 24641, 46, 24611, 24716, 40, 24591, 75, 25726, 24808, 24762, 28578, 24585, 29032, 24595, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 26275, 26177, 27409, 27733, 24596, 26779, 24835, 27203, 26495, 24682, 28190, 24595, 25983, 24618, 28397, 24690, 24581, 28834, 25345, 27420, 24682, 69, 43, 26159, 24597, 39, 24613, 27230, 26275, 26177, 27409, 25345, 24636, 25060, 26021, 27502, 24688, 18, 27947, 24586, 25015, 25754, 29357, 24596, 29469, 16, 45, 26901, 49, 25337, 27902, 24808, 27203, 26198, 24682, 6, 69, 25903, 17, 26334, 29163, 24618, 27244, 16, 27733, 24596, 27199, 26779, 28792, 24636, 69, 29045, 24836, 27261, 24595, 24869, 27719, 24651, 25703, 24858, 16, 24594, 69, 27603, 25880, 69, 27603, 25215, 24607, 24762, 27203, 26198, 24682, 6, 27745, 25002, 25803, 26611, 69, 24968, 24595, 26609, 26577, 24581, 24862, 29360, 25132, 27373, 16, 24682, 4998, 87, 69, 29503, 27261, 24595, 29570, 28818, 16, 26738, 24692, 24585, 26315, 25991, 41, 26155, 25027, 24730, 69, 76, 25566, 29245, 25215, 24800, 27193, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 37, 27595, 26134, 25191, 24592, 25697, 25029, 25006, 25137, 24594, 6, 39, 24613, 29017, 25700, 24597, 25284, 6, 27758, 26162, 24672, 24585, 26075, 28210, 16, 25172, 24585, 28371, 18, 25111, 25228, 24595, 28208, 16, 29210, 24712, 24647, 25149, 39, 24853, 24593, 87, 26001, 24601, 25016, 81, 24734, 24585, 29275, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 24596, 25688, 26987, 70, 24704, 24584, 24585, 25247, 24598, 24634, 26389, 24595, 24585, 25878, 29032, 24586, 24956, 24640, 24754, 24595, 24585, 26334, 6, 39, 24613, 24704, 25157, 25111, 24740, 24667, 24595, 28208, 24625, 28288, 26123, 24890, 24601, 24663, 24835, 25340, 25299, 26405, 28352, 18, 25593, 24633, 69, 24600, 26146, 24601, 24585, 86, 25279, 24581, 39, 24613, 27230, 24650, 27268, 24641, 88, 24725, 28559, 16, 25639, 27765, 25289, 24747, 24644, 26267, 24601, 25724, 24599, 24585, 45, 25617, 37, 24721, 24941, 24595, 27937, 24594, 39, 24613, 27230, 25193, 25285, 24596, 26142, 24913, 24952, 27060, 24585, 25043, 24595, 24585, 24844, 86, 24963, 39, 24613, 27230, 24581, 25724, 24599, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25996, 25334, 18, 39, 24853, 24593, 16, 24583, 25407, 24710, 24672, 24585, 25015, 24595, 28755, 16, 24625, 26123, 24890, 24601, 24585, 27579, 25427, 24595, 25583, 28037, 43, 24865, 24744, 47, 25646, 25021, 69, 24596, 24625, 26123, 24890, 24601, 39, 24613, 24704, 24594, 24583, 27809, 28487, 25063, 24683, 24869, 25544, 27815, 25787, 69, 29032, 24595, 24803, 24588, 24598, 24713, 25353, 24655, 25064, 16, 27521, 24596, 25996, 12, 26019, 24599, 24927, 24625, 6, 26013, 24641, 6, 24874, 24906, 24814, 24672, 24927, 39, 24853, 24593, 24625, 26123, 24890, 24601, 24585, 25043, 24595, 27064, 24757, 29130, 24596, 27133, 29130, 24594, 69, 28504, 24618, 24585, 45, 25617, 37, 24721, 26000, 16, 24594, 24707, 24635, 24659, 25798, 24647, 39, 24613, 27230, 27765, 25289, 25221, 24594, 38, 28238, 39, 24631, 28486, 24828, 18, 29749, 24767, 24585, 72, 24615, 24626, 24595, 24585, 28435, 24688, 24584, 24585, 28575, 24683, 24595, 24585, 28970, 39, 24613, 24704, 16, 25149, 56, 18, 27847, 24610, 27177, 24682, 24598, 24593, 6, 24585, 27531, 25144, 25691, 24595, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 25334, 24595, 29244, 24682, 24808, 24887, 25376, 24588, 24631, 24876, 69, 24585, 72, 24585, 39, 24613, 29017, 25700, 24597, 29321, 93, 25215, 39, 24853, 24593, 24625, 24809, 24585, 25089, 29422, 24581, 24927, 25401, 18, 24627, 24907, 24858, 26912, 25224, 25066, 29198, 24581, 24585, 25401, 24747, 25893, 24908, 81, 28514, 24710, 24651, 24684, 24627, 39, 24613, 24704, 30, 24627, 24924, 29513, 24595, 69, 26158, 24580, 12, 26362, 13, 24596, 29616, 26033, 24595, 24585, 25015, 24595, 24843, 25511, 24621, 24651, 24684, 24627, 29054, 39, 24613, 24704, 30, 24800, 71, 25397, 25687, 24586, 29391, 24657, 28033, 35, 12, 26082, 24874, 24657, 26738, 16, 26033, 25010, 26231, 24581, 69, 28288, 24607, 24712, 24707, 26298, 24651, 58, 24581, 24804, 25443, 75, 24766, 12, 24596, 24684, 26512, 27436, 24580, 13, 24584, 24585, 84, 25434, 24595, 24800, 27193, 24715, 24683, 18, 24627, 25443, 75, 24766, 87, 12, 25635, 24651, 26662, 25221, 24594, 26638, 25845, 24753, 25579, 25421, 80, 24593, 13, 27534, 27952, 69, 25261, 25686, 26666, 24622, 24712, 24638, 24725, 69, 31, 24815, 25894, 24647, 25407, 25743, 24641, 24753, 24609, 24718, 24596, 24583, 92, 27839, 24590, 25320, 26541, 29039, 26819, 24734, 31, 24581, 24585, 29080, 27222, 25279, 24595, 39, 24613, 29017, 25700, 24597, 24585, 24586, 25006, 12, 25221, 24594, 28514, 24710, 16, 29666, 26415, 86, 24634, 24583, 24596, 46, 18, 40, 18, 26548, 13, 24596, 24682, 24585, 26907, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25654, 24625, 69, 24600, 26146, 24601, 24585, 25976, 24595, 69, 27527, 27167, 24596, 28397, 24690, 27458, 18, 25056, 24684, 24791, 16, 26033, 28111, 25437, 28910, 24601, 29726, 24684, 28607, 39, 24613, 29017, 25700, 24930, 16, 26019, 24599, 24682, 24862, 24600, 25122, 24768, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 28661, 24625, 25261, 25686, 26666, 24622, 24712, 16, 24835, 25212, 24834, 24588, 6, 26368, 27240, 25274, 25284, 6, 24596, 87, 26001, 24601, 24650, 25939, 24637, 24585, 27332, 24596, 24634, 24638, 24734, 24598, 24594, 25060, 6, 72, 29597, 25243, 27641, 25208, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 24631, 77, 24839, 24683, 18, 25197, 26041, 84, 24704, 24601, 25063, 27877, 69, 28767, 24637, 39, 24613, 27230, 54, 24852, 24747, 25167, 24647, 24585, 6, 25824, 28714, 26232, 25299, 26405, 49, 25439, 24601, 26779, 6, 24581, 24585, 25081, 25219, 16, 25121, 24647, 25751, 82, 24655, 44, 24922, 24584, 16, 24763, 72, 25892, 24585, 28180, 24640, 24921, 29501, 24647, 24783, 29502, 24586, 17, 25621, 18, 24627, 26611, 24939, 24747, 90, 25130, 24596, 25671, 24809, 25567, 24772, 24601, 28348, 24660, 24581, 93, 16, 24596, 24747, 24809, 26017, 24701, 24588, 24942, 27267, 18, 24627, 24976, 29821, 27754, 24647, 26148, 24693, 24708, 27203, 24655, 24682, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 26610, 24798, 25151, 25744, 25755, 27922, 16, 24596, 24682, 24585, 25812, 25273, 24581, 24585, 45, 25617, 37, 24721, 16, 24831, 24878, 28136, 39, 24613, 27230, 29244, 16, 24798, 28836, 24581, 25150, 21, 25348, 25924, 41, 16, 24942, 24585, 25847, 24595, 24597, 29602, 25263, 26267, 24633, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 24981, 27608, 25692, 29933, 76, 28972, 24596, 24871, 24699, 27981, 18, 24693, 24708, 29347, 24682, 24585, 25073, 83, 17, 26085, 24619, 24643, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 29244, 25911, 26342, 69, 25755, 24690, 27511, 16, 24596, 24625, 24809, 25871, 69, 25632, 89, 27302, 24614, 27704, 24602, 18, 25310, 24692, 24655, 24833, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 24995, 25211, 24688, 24584, 24748, 24586, 24663, 24595, 24585, 25528, 29021, 26791, 27962, 30, 48, 28214, 27187, 48, 28214, 27302, 25337, 24593, 24833, 26284, 73, 25632, 89, 27302, 26797, 16, 24809, 26729, 24585, 43, 24903, 24588, 72, 24581, 27244, 16, 28404, 27141, 24596, 25193, 88, 24956, 16, 24596, 24585, 27133, 25621, 17, 29502, 25839, 27746, 69, 24657, 29993, 25077, 25142, 26779, 24596, 27733, 18, 28119, 25026, 16, 25201, 24593, 69, 29742, 28462, 25142, 24585, 27133, 16, 25076, 26392, 24596, 25310, 92, 16, 24831, 25043, 53, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 26560, 24630, 24613, 24597, 29244, 16, 24596, 24585, 28397, 24690, 16, 28404, 24679, 24596, 27865, 24915, 87, 16, 24831, 24947, 24700, 52, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 24980, 93, 24580, 29602, 29244, 18, 25997, 25997, 24593, 69, 29178, 24594, 25968, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 28540, 25051, 18, 26620, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 74, 24655, 29992, 24920, 24948, 75, 28403, 26383, 24683, 16, 24596, 25191, 24595, 24585, 25066, 29178, 25915, 26055, 24590, 29528, 25397, 16, 47, 24689, 24592, 25714, 16, 47, 24608, 79, 25187, 93, 16, 28941, 24621, 79, 25187, 93, 24596, 39, 24613, 27230, 29149, 25509, 24581, 25899, 24594, 75, 24639, 18, 26760, 59, 25448, 25632, 25650, 24686, 26473, 25082, 26836, 39, 24613, 27230, 29159, 25632, 24606, 93, 24928, 16, 24651, 25160, 28627, 26323, 27203, 24655, 24599, 24682, 24927, 27279, 24855, 25002, 25292, 24672, 69, 26771, 25698, 18, 24657, 24585, 27964, 37, 26182, 24598, 24593, 25137, 24682, 24585, 6, 24610, 27887, 24672, 24585, 41, 24719, 26624, 25134, 24604, 12, 24585, 26679, 26553, 24586, 26779, 13, 25547, 24585, 28404, 24679, 26861, 24633, 24601, 29159, 24604, 25157, 24627, 27133, 25698, 24593, 25137, 24594, 39, 24853, 24592, 17, 24596, 17, 24613, 28572, 29159, 25632, 24596, 26332, 69, 6, 78, 24765, 24645, 6, 24594, 26839, 28404, 24679, 29159, 25632, 18, 25111, 24625, 26043, 29759, 24581, 24585, 24722, 24799, 87, 25091, 27133, 24610, 27887, 26861, 24633, 26206, 24601, 25712, 24601, 29159, 24604, 28404, 24679, 24596, 24821, 27359, 24669, 24610, 27887, 18, 59, 25448, 25632, 16, 28392, 24633, 26276, 84, 25229, 12, 25712, 24758, 25217, 25406, 24722, 25555, 16, 84, 25, 18, 59, 25448, 25632, 16, 49, 29040, 25266, 27454, 24593, 24582, 16, 25402, 25176, 26422, 29, 16, 84, 23, 18, 28404, 27141, 24596, 25193, 88, 24956, 24920, 26473, 29159, 25632, 24606, 93, 24928, 12, 28404, 24679, 29159, 25632, 24596, 43, 24714, 24587, 29268, 24874, 25650, 24920, 24948, 27752, 25142, 29159, 29068, 24581, 25639, 24606, 93, 24928, 24752, 24804, 28620, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 24581, 25018, 28775, 25142, 28404, 24679, 28797, 16, 27186, 24651, 27707, 58, 45, 11, 87, 26535, 24599, 26281, 25356, 25205, 24651, 24585, 26947, 24595, 24585, 27399, 24621, 16, 24596, 27865, 24915, 6, 27578, 24629, 25157, 25650, 24593, 28589, 80, 24806, 24682, 27125, 24599, 24913, 25837, 24589, 25142, 28404, 24679, 24596, 27865, 24915, 27125, 24582, 25203, 24747, 26304, 25121, 24651, 29159, 25632, 27752, 18, 28651, 24839, 24904, 26620, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27405, 87, 25142, 28404, 27141, 24596, 25193, 88, 24956, 26213, 24581, 28786, 16, 24835, 25244, 25765, 27657, 24609, 25570, 24585, 28210, 18, 27090, 41, 25519, 17, 27865, 24915, 87, 29075, 24590, 28404, 24679, 43, 24903, 24588, 72, 16, 26551, 49, 24916, 16, 25563, 25313, 28779, 16, 84, 26, 18, 24627, 39, 24613, 27230, 29159, 25632, 27405, 26213, 24581, 26849, 24665, 24666, 26388, 43, 24714, 24587, 24596, 27527, 27590, 25771, 24586, 39, 29044, 24775, 24596, 25526, 28189, 24775, 29159, 25632, 24596, 27890, 24858, 24606, 93, 24928, 25221, 24594, 28404, 24679, 29159, 25632, 18, 27003, 87, 24682, 24920, 28170, 24581, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 29159, 25632, 27405, 25915, 30, 25193, 88, 24956, 25189, 26868, 28404, 27141, 25921, 24974, 25312, 29019, 45, 27378, 24596, 26779, 29286, 26200, 94, 26324, 55, 24695, 24581, 24677, 27733, 28980, 29134, 25632, 24596, 24950, 24581, 24819, 26779, 24596, 27733, 24755, 25703, 24858, 24590, 28738, 25632, 19, 24690, 24581, 24819, 24581, 24760, 24626, 24702, 18, 29601, 24861, 24906, 24651, 29134, 25632, 24596, 24950, 24581, 24819, 16, 27133, 25866, 24861, 24596, 28397, 24690, 25866, 24861, 26399, 29107, 24583, 28970, 39, 24613, 27230, 25366, 16, 24835, 24752, 24585, 24804, 28620, 25002, 26656, 25000, 24907, 24620, 84, 24671, 24688, 28776, 24651, 26035, 29232, 24596, 26101, 25337, 24593, 24833, 18, 24657, 24839, 24591, 25033, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27752, 24747, 25878, 28447, 69, 28102, 24595, 29486, 25900, 27244, 24581, 24585, 82, 27900, 25070, 24580, 25087, 16, 24651, 27133, 26923, 27338, 24738, 28885, 25860, 24601, 24920, 24587, 29368, 24588, 26628, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25436, 18, 25805, 16, 28052, 24704, 24601, 24755, 24839, 24591, 25033, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27752, 25084, 25089, 24636, 26118, 24942, 24585, 25976, 24595, 24627, 28397, 24690, 29601, 24861, 26196, 24581, 26753, 18, 24627, 27304, 24625, 88, 28260, 24651, 26628, 26101, 27752, 25296, 82, 24833, 24651, 26473, 26651, 25221, 24594, 26779, 16, 28382, 12, 24868, 29601, 24861, 13, 24596, 25921, 12, 42, 25330, 24874, 26071, 25678, 25521, 24688, 26101, 27206, 16, 69, 24983, 25139, 24595, 29232, 24747, 24650, 29550, 16, 24596, 26142, 27244, 11, 25066, 28211, 52, 201, 80, 17, 26347, 26906, 12, 24627, 50, 24613, 24951, 26457, 13, 24625, 26207, 24983, 25571, 24939, 16, 25060, 24581, 17, 27584, 24599, 24651, 24585, 27133, 25436, 18, 25443, 24583, 24599, 25180, 28397, 24690, 17, 27133, 27752, 28927, 25244, 69, 24600, 25637, 24581, 25336, 26360, 16, 24651, 6, 24627, 25954, 28231, 25166, 26962, 6, 25605, 24581, 28414, 24823, 24596, 24583, 24581, 29015, 25274, 6, 26085, 25954, 28231, 29601, 24861, 26563, 25225, 24609, 6, 25605, 24590, 25151, 25524, 24704, 26836, 25900, 27244, 24585, 25528, 25176, 18, 24627, 28371, 24625, 24585, 25153, 25992, 24618, 25639, 25033, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 86, 25628, 86, 24675, 16, 24627, 25701, 24595, 27244, 11, 27568, 25735, 24675, 12, 25166, 24698, 25269, 24581, 26252, 13, 26960, 25926, 71, 25032, 27776, 24596, 25153, 25242, 27373, 18, 24657, 27318, 25100, 26537, 16, 24585, 26819, 24734, 24595, 29601, 24861, 24581, 27244, 24808, 27098, 27857, 27373, 24581, 25033, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27206, 18, 29200, 37, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 28634, 27048, 24798, 24948, 24585, 27553, 24595, 25033, 81, 25456, 24609, 28574, 24921, 27181, 24585, 25551, 25100, 24595, 26350, 25284, 18, 24627, 24818, 28177, 28111, 87, 24601, 24993, 69, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 26425, 24747, 26846, 24581, 24585, 26082, 4992, 25807, 25042, 16, 25091, 24585, 27527, 29334, 25420, 24581, 27886, 24596, 25899, 24594, 75, 24639, 24747, 25212, 24863, 24601, 27431, 24585, 28416, 26350, 28397, 24690, 28623, 26141, 16, 24912, 25105, 24585, 28397, 24690, 4992, 27527, 25375, 18, 24657, 25933, 16, 24585, 25253, 25086, 24581, 24730, 24595, 24585, 27133, 29200, 26178, 26275, 12, 45, 54, 42, 57, 13, 26203, 16, 24651, 24585, 24983, 28998, 25270, 25533, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 11, 11, 11, 18, 28544, 24632, 16, 24585, 27048, 24593, 25137, 24594, 24585, 24994, 29200, 25658, 16, 24596, 24808, 25570, 29710, 25000, 27086, 24596, 25236, 26665, 16, 24651, 25159, 28809, 24618, 26201, 29622, 25000, 24585, 24858, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 18, 25805, 16, 25033, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 86, 25628, 86, 24675, 29135, 25880, 24585, 26425, 16, 25016, 24585, 27379, 25364, 24595, 24585, 26581, 27831, 24585, 27206, 39, 24613, 27230, 29200, 40, 27371, 18, 24657, 26348, 11, 87, 28634, 27603, 16, 24627, 45, 54, 42, 57, 16, 59, 54, 57, 24596, 28967, 57, 25572, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 24698, 24663, 28972, 27206, 24581, 26435, 18, 26751, 24585, 24818, 27048, 24625, 25062, 26198, 24647, 24748, 25036, 24672, 25703, 28251, 12, 24875, 70, 25624, 26475, 24581, 24730, 60, 58, 16, 28397, 24690, 27843, 81, 24718, 60, 58, 24596, 24585, 24824, 24641, 24928, 24758, 24598, 24593, 28912, 24588, 24682, 24585, 27048, 25494, 26201, 24596, 24601, 25822, 25574, 24599, 26380, 12, 24907, 24672, 25703, 27603, 13, 24581, 24623, 25384, 16, 24651, 26629, 26201, 24841, 24921, 29072, 24752, 24585, 26315, 23, 24601, 25, 25100, 18, 29132, 29132, 26572, 25221, 24594, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 16, 25635, 24651, 25123, 25282, 27357, 81, 26325, 24596, 24585, 27527, 25155, 25970, 24920, 24869, 17, 27944, 24590, 25191, 29021, 24581, 24585, 27167, 24595, 24585, 24994, 26514, 16, 24596, 25123, 25282, 27357, 81, 26325, 24808, 28260, 27243, 24921, 24581, 27167, 25150, 28404, 27141, 24596, 24869, 25211, 24855, 24651, 25443, 24647, 24584, 47, 25369, 24639, 18, 24627, 29780, 26176, 24595, 25193, 88, 24956, 16, 24585, 25344, 24599, 26581, 24595, 24585, 28724, 24595, 25193, 88, 24956, 16, 24808, 26656, 24839, 24591, 28540, 25051, 24651, 24585, 28397, 24690, 26236, 24588, 72, 24596, 25201, 24686, 25691, 17, 26611, 24599, 26011, 24921, 18, 29132, 27050, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 24995, 24636, 26846, 24601, 25915, 26237, 26592, 24672, 69, 26453, 74, 28465, 24595, 27756, 39, 24613, 27230, 27221, 16, 24601, 28305, 25183, 26244, 25423, 24783, 18, 25867, 24585, 25024, 24603, 29566, 16, 24585, 25057, 25390, 24591, 45, 27027, 29558, 69, 28375, 24595, 24809, 26930, 25737, 29761, 24581, 27733, 24596, 27244, 16, 24594, 25002, 25276, 24588, 25921, 12, 26296, 24948, 24585, 28251, 24763, 28075, 25212, 24614, 24588, 26779, 13, 29625, 24594, 24585, 27916, 24727, 27158, 27358, 26194, 26779, 18, 25111, 24625, 24762, 26070, 29575, 26650, 27150, 24647, 24585, 45, 27027, 27430, 24595, 27225, 24779, 27822, 26365, 24709, 204, 24595, 192, 24581, 12, 25149, 25550, 24844, 24845, 24584, 24758, 69, 25712, 17, 25049, 24600, 27489, 24831, 29231, 24594, 69, 6, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 88, 25157, 24657, 26435, 69, 11, 39, 24613, 27230, 25056, 24656, 11, 25676, 25468, 24581, 25193, 88, 24956, 18, 25197, 25026, 24650, 24589, 25922, 26204, 26785, 24595, 27244, 26657, 25471, 25019, 25579, 16, 29610, 93, 26204, 26785, 24595, 27733, 16, 24950, 26759, 29307, 24951, 16, 29142, 24582, 24595, 24585, 28404, 27141, 26176, 16, 29306, 69, 29057, 16, 26681, 24595, 26779, 25417, 27165, 27721, 24601, 26024, 16, 50, 77, 24663, 26343, 75, 24676, 87, 24596, 27224, 206, 75, 24698, 24589, 25901, 24593, 17, 43, 24624, 24695, 16, 24585, 26180, 24595, 24585, 29780, 26176, 24595, 25193, 88, 24956, 18, 29132, 25833, 26834, 24672, 37, 24606, 24615, 28277, 24596, 27759, 24597, 24677, 24747, 24762, 25126, 18, 25471, 25019, 25579, 25896, 24585, 24618, 24656, 24594, 6, 24583, 24707, 26076, 24609, 29430, 24683, 24601, 25502, 26577, 24594, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 24596, 29925, 16, 24601, 25323, 24584, 24714, 28540, 24596, 28291, 25051, 24596, 29947, 24767, 26610, 24618, 27884, 28077, 24626, 16, 25221, 24594, 29004, 28372, 25215, 26278, 24759, 25021, 24939, 26278, 24759, 26976, 24593, 26771, 25142, 27244, 4992, 25193, 88, 24956, 24596, 26779, 4992, 25193, 88, 24956, 16, 25445, 24599, 29557, 26311, 24595, 28358, 16, 24651, 24707, 27922, 24595, 25763, 27901, 16, 24872, 24624, 87, 16, 72, 25353, 24629, 24596, 25228, 26572, 18, 26259, 24757, 26470, 25509, 24627, 25889, 25784, 24595, 40, 192, 80, 54, 77, 25591, 24625, 69, 43, 26159, 24597, 24752, 25889, 25784, 24584, 24585, 26958, 24620, 24662, 83, 24695, 24595, 27733, 24651, 25191, 29482, 24584, 24585, 27619, 24869, 24594, 24704, 24595, 26779, 18, 24657, 24585, 26075, 29908, 24596, 25551, 26564, 24580, 25087, 24598, 24587, 24770, 24732, 24588, 27783, 24633, 26111, 24593, 25426, 24780, 25647, 26831, 24596, 38, 25412, 24596, 27224, 24610, 24662, 24582, 24581, 27733, 24596, 24762, 25239, 24800, 24664, 24634, 24581, 27199, 26779, 18, 24906, 29840, 24594, 24585, 25143, 24580, 25087, 16, 6, 25622, 24595, 24585, 27527, 24613, 24850, 24747, 26043, 24666, 28739, 24601, 24685, 26019, 24862, 43, 26159, 24597, 17, 27133, 24586, 24628, 25080, 24596, 29231, 26779, 24594, 24585, 27207, 24613, 24596, 24595, 24585, 25076, 26392, 25215, 24627, 25129, 24580, 25087, 27527, 25478, 26374, 24585, 29635, 24648, 24732, 24582, 24826, 69, 26771, 25063, 24683, 24618, 26779, 24596, 27733, 18, 25805, 16, 24581, 25163, 24992, 24716, 25595, 26418, 16, 27133, 24596, 27527, 25033, 26495, 72, 25140, 26162, 24618, 69, 25387, 24595, 27650, 87, 16, 24596, 24585, 24907, 24678, 24644, 24928, 29125, 24655, 24771, 26162, 18, 24627, 24652, 26147, 24595, 24585, 25076, 26392, 24601, 25057, 25881, 24738, 25284, 24625, 24748, 25691, 24586, 18, 24627, 26707, 24582, 26244, 25654, 24595, 27733, 24581, 27077, 24601, 25921, 24625, 26054, 18, 24627, 24913, 25041, 24688, 28054, 26683, 24631, 24589, 24595, 24585, 24907, 24625, 69, 25859, 27650, 31, 24647, 24585, 26422, 25219, 27733, 24625, 24748, 24595, 24585, 27242, 24655, 26610, 24581, 24585, 25750, 24596, 26779, 24748, 24595, 24585, 28576, 24655, 18, 27039, 24585, 24804, 28620, 25201, 24625, 28482, 24914, 81, 27338, 24626, 25142, 26779, 24596, 27733, 16, 28974, 24594, 25076, 26392, 25057, 25881, 25575, 25676, 24791, 24581, 24585, 27148, 24626, 24595, 28130, 26044, 24581, 24585, 29764, 25087, 24596, 25115, 25163, 16, 24594, 25160, 27133, 25623, 24601, 24636, 24895, 28665, 24672, 24862, 27207, 24589, 16, 25191, 24635, 27338, 25105, 24601, 27527, 28500, 24581, 24585, 27012, 25087, 24601, 28843, 73, 24585, 6, 27133, 25107, 24734, 25157, 24693, 24804, 24633, 24585, 25401, 24595, 27133, 17, 27527, 27754, 24808, 26656, 28482, 26729, 16, 24651, 24585, 27133, 17, 27527, 26140, 24597, 24657, 29993, 25077, 12, 45, 26863, 45, 13, 26409, 24581, 26320, 18, 26071, 27478, 16, 25151, 26101, 24652, 24827, 24920, 24948, 25605, 24581, 26779, 24596, 27733, 16, 24581, 26252, 16, 25807, 24596, 25908, 18, 28137, 24593, 24833, 24627, 25731, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 24593, 69, 25946, 17, 26244, 28540, 25337, 28182, 24682, 26284, 24589, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 25996, 24581, 24585, 25822, 82, 24833, 24595, 26779, 16, 27733, 16, 25193, 88, 24956, 16, 27244, 16, 25134, 24604, 24595, 25310, 24596, 28404, 27141, 18, 24627, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 16, 24593, 69, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 26244, 27532, 18, 39, 24613, 27230, 29925, 19, 27273, 37, 25387, 24595, 25506, 24841, 24672, 24585, 27016, 24596, 26958, 29925, 24595, 24585, 25481, 24609, 24920, 25191, 39, 24613, 27230, 25353, 24655, 25064, 18, 24906, 25221, 24598, 24593, 28005, 27538, 24682, 24585, 11, 80, 24598, 26770, 25881, 11, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 24593, 69, 27295, 25113, 39, 24613, 27230, 25996, 24596, 24598, 24625, 24584, 24927, 25969, 24582, 24602, 24682, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 26425, 24600, 29202, 27759, 24597, 24677, 18, 24627, 25528, 29925, 24920, 69, 27295, 25113, 39, 24613, 27230, 25996, 24596, 24598, 24584, 24927, 25969, 24582, 24602, 24682, 25002, 24686, 26603, 16, 24647, 24627, 26596, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 24581, 25454, 24, 24596, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 16, 24601, 24636, 24585, 39, 24613, 27230, 82, 24833, 18, 25193, 88, 24956, 28404, 27141, 26779, 25134, 24604, 24595, 25310, 27733, 27244, 26594, 29925, 24651, 39, 24613, 27230, 24803, 28516, 24686, 30, 29579, 4992, 26137, 24581, 24585, 28211, 26411, 24606, 24866, 28540, 26436, 4992, 27333, 25664, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 24704, 18, 28468, 26681, 4992, 28074, 24595, 24585, 25255, 28247, 12, 25255, 24860, 26229, 24635, 24656, 4992, 25255, 29416, 24677, 13, 25921, 39, 24656, 24816, 24677, 27867, 28396, 28438, 26024, 4992, 28144, 24781, 27408, 16, 24581, 29605, 26418, 16, 24594, 27157, 24677, 19, 43, 25720, 18, 27064, 24757, 25088, 24939, 24584, 43, 25720, 24596, 24783, 28494, 39, 24613, 27230, 29020, 24589, 24686, 24585, 25066, 25588, 26574, 29130, 24887, 24920, 24672, 24585, 24978, 18, 27199, 27086, 16, 25137, 24594, 39, 24593, 24591, 84, 24734, 43, 25720, 16, 24625, 24581, 26613, 24863, 24647, 25190, 28793, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 25315, 24754, 18, 26170, 24880, 24591, 4992, 28074, 24601, 24585, 48, 24640, 24598, 26644, 16, 27157, 25299, 71, 24669, 16, 26263, 26364, 26644, 24596, 24858, 39, 24613, 27230, 29020, 24589, 18, 27471, 4992, 37, 25926, 29187, 24595, 24585, 45, 24681, 24669, 25863, 25080, 26737, 24625, 24581, 26613, 24863, 24647, 39, 24613, 27230, 29020, 24589, 18, 27471, 24596, 26170, 24880, 24591, 24808, 24948, 25017, 24902, 27630, 25380, 24594, 24585, 25468, 24595, 25366, 24595, 24585, 39, 24613, 24704, 24647, 28851, 25149, 27847, 24610, 16, 24595, 24585, 25015, 24595, 27244, 18, 37, 24606, 24615, 28277, 17, 24585, 27732, 24696, 25637, 24595, 37, 24606, 24615, 28277, 24625, 25533, 24942, 24585, 37, 24606, 24615, 39, 24613, 27230, 24664, 28553, 18, 39, 24738, 29103, 24677, 4992, 24627, 26950, 26505, 27509, 24797, 26248, 12, 25346, 24749, 24610, 93, 13, 24625, 25533, 24942, 24585, 39, 24738, 24662, 25356, 24664, 28553, 18, 27759, 24597, 24677, 12, 24651, 25386, 26170, 24880, 24591, 13, 4992, 26577, 24594, 27157, 25299, 71, 24677, 26502, 24890, 24596, 24843, 27161, 26502, 24890, 17, 25760, 25310, 24610, 69, 24889, 88, 25930, 24614, 27088, 28964, 24595, 26431, 27307, 25695, 24591, 24640, 24677, 12, 26263, 26364, 26644, 24596, 24858, 29020, 24589, 13, 28864, 24587, 24677, 26259, 24757, 24791, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 26514, 24595, 25011, 24597, 24656, 39, 24613, 24704, 27670, 25506, 27970, 24594, 24651, 69, 39, 24613, 27230, 25996, 24947, 25540, 25755, 25650, 24686, 29178, 27133, 24596, 27527, 43, 26159, 24597, 24947, 25540, 24587, 24691, 26625, 24581, 29054, 26124, 18, 24627, 26292, 27323, 24677, 26436, 24595, 27824, 25110, 24808, 69, 27321, 24914, 28397, 24690, 24947, 25540, 25755, 18, 24627, 28397, 24690, 29177, 24581, 27824, 25110, 26213, 24581, 25802, 25, 24596, 24593, 25137, 24594, 61, 59, 27680, 27925, 18, 24627, 39, 24613, 27230, 25817, 24594, 24729, 69, 24627, 39, 24613, 27230, 25817, 24594, 24729, 69, 24581, 24585, 24825, 24597, 24594, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 24871, 26692, 24596, 25938, 16, 24593, 27122, 24596, 25337, 25719, 28940, 24682, 25201, 24686, 28161, 25337, 24593, 24833, 16, 28540, 74, 24655, 29992, 24596, 28176, 17, 25846, 25996, 25360, 24589, 26926, 24581, 25744, 28500, 27181, 25639, 29925, 18, 24657, 24585, 24994, 25131, 16, 39, 24613, 27230, 28179, 26282, 26835, 24593, 69, 25743, 24633, 26394, 29147, 25242, 24626, 29906, 27988, 16, 24673, 16, 24596, 25838, 24584, 39, 24613, 27230, 24941, 24596, 24862, 24893, 71, 24725, 25575, 18, 24627, 27133, 43, 26159, 24597, 25736, 24595, 43, 26159, 24597, 25128, 24596, 28738, 25632, 24686, 25350, 26836, 24585, 25750, 24596, 24686, 25337, 25719, 24647, 24585, 43, 26159, 24597, 27816, 24597, 26196, 25293, 24585, 27527, 25436, 24690, 24581, 24819, 24808, 27098, 27318, 29186, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 18, 27672, 29741, 24595, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 46, 18, 56, 18, 27847, 24610, 24870, 29415, 24682, 26757, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 24592, 25307, 24581, 24585, 29342, 24595, 26085, 27891, 27415, 27050, 17, 25743, 25284, 16, 24596, 25692, 24858, 27050, 17, 28251, 24641, 25103, 26767, 16, 24949, 24714, 25814, 28617, 25327, 24585, 26204, 25166, 25209, 18, 24736, 24620, 24589, 29094, 24716, 24580, 25087, 29361, 24581, 24927, 27626, 24594, 26070, 29575, 24592, 26388, 24767, 24595, 69, 25890, 17, 26757, 29128, 24618, 25063, 24683, 24581, 24585, 26489, 24595, 28151, 29486, 25868, 16, 28285, 25868, 24596, 28485, 18, 24722, 24623, 30, 24627, 26094, 39, 24613, 27230, 26510, 26409, 24581, 27733, 24722, 26865, 30, 26204, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 25446, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 16, 37, 26562, 24668, 25187, 93, 25802, 27, 30, 26832, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 16, 26898, 17, 24980, 24716, 24965, 25668, 28, 30, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 26510, 25648, 24581, 28414, 24823, 25529, 21, 30, 26596, 17, 39, 24613, 27230, 26510, 24913, 25374, 87, 28656, 4992, 28958, 30, 27133, 25209, 24595, 24657, 28834, 16, 25842, 17, 25822, 25136, 24595, 26779, 29355, 27756, 16, 27199, 26779, 75, 25525, 24650, 25561, 25501, 25621, 27906, 4992, 27267, 30, 26832, 25166, 25209, 24596, 25583, 27358, 24626, 24595, 25193, 88, 24956, 28055, 30, 39, 24613, 27230, 26275, 25648, 27966, 30, 39, 24853, 24654, 24620, 24595, 39, 24613, 27230, 26275, 27966, 30, 28404, 27141, 26123, 87, 24783, 24818, 39, 24613, 27230, 24652, 25955, 27802, 30, 29391, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 26409, 24590, 27772, 24674, 26831, 24583, 24582, 24610, 86, 24880, 24776, 27262, 30, 47, 24689, 24592, 25714, 26596, 39, 24613, 27230, 27253, 29891, 26252, 30, 27746, 69, 24657, 29993, 25077, 29891, 26082, 30, 27527, 27167, 24596, 28397, 24690, 27458, 25383, 25807, 30, 24627, 28404, 24679, 24924, 26566, 25183, 24924, 28033, 24593, 25648, 25807, 4992, 25933, 30, 24627, 28404, 24679, 24924, 26566, 25183, 24924, 28033, 28878, 24752, 25681, 16, 25348, 25314, 24590, 25224, 24725, 24903, 24599, 24585, 25230, 24618, 69, 28404, 24679, 27458, 18, 25404, 24762, 25831, 24595, 25103, 26767, 24581, 27244, 26827, 27785, 51, 11, 27867, 25050, 24633, 24788, 24583, 24736, 24640, 25582, 24780, 28107, 24891, 93, 24650, 24581, 11, 11, 26500, 24650, 43, 25720, 24604, 25149, 24709, 89, 24673, 24709, 89, 24673, 17, 25899, 25187, 24716, 25732, 69, 27322, 25722, 24594, 26792, 46, 24587, 27645, 27436, 24592, 25282, 76, 26509, 25252, 24734, 55, 26391, 24677, 26036, 86, 25670, 24824, 200, 24694, 24806, 44, 24629, 24673, 24650, 25403, 58, 25757, 25748, 24715, 200, 27004, 24838, 29100, 25065, 25051, 24627, 39, 24613, 27230, 25375, 39, 24613, 27230, 27337, 27746, 69, 24657, 29993, 25077, 24627, 39, 24613, 27230, 29743, 81, 24821, 27916, 25868, 24800, 27193, 17, 24634, 29039, 25284, 24581, 25506, 25193, 88, 24956, 39, 24613, 27230, 25743, 25284, 39, 24613, 27230, 29386, 25628, 27337, 39, 24613, 27230, 25284, 29132, 25103, 26767, 24581, 26779, 29132, 25103, 26767, 24581, 27244, 29132, 25103, 26767, 24581, 27733 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
20980376
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%20Asian%20Women%27s%20Club%20Volleyball%20Championship
2008 Asian Women's Club Volleyball Championship
The 2008 Asian Women's Club Volleyball Championship was the 9th staging of the AVC Club Championships. The tournament was held in Vinh Yen Gymnasium, Vĩnh Yên, Vĩnh Phúc Province, Vietnam. Pools composition The teams are seeded based on their final ranking at the 2007 Asian Women's Club Volleyball Championship. Preliminary round Pool A Pool B Final round Championship Quarterfinals 5th–8th semifinals Semifinals 7th place 5th place 3rd place Final Final standing Awards MVP: Li Shan (Tianjin) Best scorer: Saori Sakoda (Toray) Best server: Yu Jing (Tianjin) Best spiker: Huo Jing (Tianjin) Best blocker: Alessys Safronova (Zhetyssu) Best libero: Kanari Hamaguchi (Toray) Best setter: Nootsara Tomkom (Sang Som) Miss Volleyball: Phạm Thị Yến (Sport Center 1) References Asian Volleyball Confederation Asian Women's Club Volleyball Championship International volleyball competitions hosted by Vietnam A Asian
[ "The", "2008", "Asian", "Women", "'", "s", "Club", "Vol", "ley", "ball", "Championship", "was", "the", "9", "th", "st", "aging", "of", "the", "A", "V", "C", "Club", "Championships", ".", "The", "tournament", "was", "held", "in", "V", "in", "h", "Y", "en", "G", "y", "mn", "as", "ium", ",", "V", "ĩ", "n", "h", "Y", "ê", "n", ",", "V", "ĩ", "n", "h", "Ph", "ú", "c", "Province", ",", "Vietnam", ".", "Po", "ols", "compos", "ition", "The", "teams", "are", "se", "ed", "ed", "based", "on", "their", "final", "ran", "king", "at", "the", "2007", "Asian", "Women", "'", "s", "Club", "Vol", "ley", "ball", "Championship", ".", "P", "rel", "imin", "ary", "round", "Po", "ol", "A", "Po", "ol", "B", "Final", "round", "Championship", "Qu", "ar", "ter", "finals", "5th", "–", "8", "th", "sem", "if", "in", "als", "Sem", "if", "in", "als", "7th", "place", "5th", "place", "3rd", "place", "Final", "Final", "standing", "Awards", "M", "V", "P", ":", "Li", "Sh", "an", "(", "T", "ian", "j", "in", ")", "Best", "scor", "er", ":", "Sa", "ori", "S", "ak", "od", "a", "(", "Tor", "ay", ")", "Best", "ser", "ver", ":", "Y", "u", "J", "ing", "(", "T", "ian", "j", "in", ")", "Best", "sp", "ik", "er", ":", "Hu", "o", "J", "ing", "(", "T", "ian", "j", "in", ")", "Best", "block", "er", ":", "Al", "ess", "ys", "Sa", "fr", "on", "ova", "(", "Z", "he", "ty", "s", "su", ")", "Best", "li", "ber", "o", ":", "K", "an", "ari", "Ham", "ag", "uch", "i", "(", "Tor", "ay", ")", "Best", "set", "ter", ":", "N", "oot", "s", "ara", "Tom", "k", "om", "(", "S", "ang", "S", "om", ")", "Miss", "Vol", "ley", "ball", ":", "Ph", "ạ", "m", "Th", "ị", "Y", "ế", "n", "(", "Sport", "Center", "1", ")", "References", "Asian", "Vol", "ley", "ball", "Conf", "ederation", "Asian", "Women", "'", "s", "Club", "Vol", "ley", "ball", "Championship", "International", "vol", "ley", "ball", "compet", "itions", "hosted", "by", "Vietnam", "A", "Asian" ]
[ 24627, 25505, 27571, 26348, 11, 87, 26188, 26462, 25145, 24861, 25658, 24625, 24585, 29, 24580, 24606, 28565, 24595, 24585, 37, 58, 39, 26188, 26962, 18, 24627, 27048, 24625, 25605, 24581, 58, 24581, 76, 61, 24587, 43, 93, 29121, 24594, 25394, 16, 58, 264, 82, 76, 61, 201, 82, 16, 58, 264, 82, 76, 25218, 217, 71, 27202, 16, 29706, 18, 26077, 29331, 26030, 24793, 24627, 26380, 24686, 24620, 24588, 24588, 25413, 24584, 24862, 25738, 24771, 25889, 24590, 24585, 25557, 27571, 26348, 11, 87, 26188, 26462, 25145, 24861, 25658, 18, 52, 25050, 26416, 24713, 25631, 26077, 24612, 37, 26077, 24612, 38, 28073, 25631, 25658, 25953, 24592, 24621, 28373, 29063, 4992, 28, 24580, 25796, 24692, 24581, 24702, 28483, 24692, 24581, 24702, 29962, 25468, 29063, 25468, 27612, 25468, 28073, 28073, 27258, 26518, 49, 58, 52, 30, 25912, 24950, 24583, 12, 56, 24669, 78, 24581, 13, 26279, 27713, 24582, 30, 28034, 29944, 55, 24700, 24694, 69, 12, 26621, 24632, 13, 26279, 24777, 24735, 30, 61, 89, 46, 24599, 12, 56, 24669, 78, 24581, 13, 26279, 24878, 25054, 24582, 30, 26998, 83, 46, 24599, 12, 56, 24669, 78, 24581, 13, 26279, 28517, 24582, 30, 24788, 24676, 25312, 28034, 24653, 24584, 28900, 12, 62, 24607, 24819, 87, 24701, 13, 26279, 24952, 24681, 83, 30, 47, 24583, 26586, 26549, 24638, 25455, 77, 12, 26621, 24632, 13, 26279, 25139, 24621, 30, 50, 24922, 87, 25956, 26643, 79, 24605, 12, 55, 24822, 55, 24605, 13, 26410, 26462, 25145, 24861, 30, 25218, 4721, 81, 24824, 4763, 61, 4751, 82, 12, 29373, 26543, 21, 13, 24838, 27571, 26462, 25145, 24861, 29216, 28465, 27571, 26348, 11, 87, 26188, 26462, 25145, 24861, 25658, 25731, 25561, 25145, 24861, 25574, 25876, 29075, 24647, 29706, 37, 27571 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
56363805
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri%20Lankan%20cricket%20team%20in%20India%20in%201975%E2%80%9376
Sri Lankan cricket team in India in 1975–76
The Sri Lanka cricket team toured India from October to December 1975. Sri Lanka did not then have Test status, but three four-day unofficial Tests were played, India winning 2–0. The tour also included six other first-class matches. The Sri Lankan team Anura Tennekoon (captain) David Heyn (vice-captain) Dennis Chanmugam Amitha de Costa Somachandra de Silva Ajit de Silva Roy Dias Ranjit Fernando Mahes Goonatilleke Russell Hamer Lalith Kaluperuma Duleep Mendis Tony Opatha Anura Ranasinghe Daya Sahabandu Bandula Warnapura Sunil Wettimuny The manager was Neil Perera and the assistant manager was Abu Fuard. References External links Sri Lanka in India, 1975-76 at Cricinfo 1975 in Indian cricket 1975 in Sri Lankan cricket 1975–76 Indian cricket seasons from 1970–71 to 1999–2000 International cricket competitions from 1975–76 to 1980
[ "The", "Sri", "L", "ank", "a", "cr", "icket", "team", "to", "ured", "India", "from", "October", "to", "December", "1975", ".", "Sri", "L", "ank", "a", "did", "not", "then", "have", "Test", "status", ",", "but", "three", "four", "-", "day", "un", "official", "T", "ests", "were", "played", ",", "India", "winning", "2", "–", "0", ".", "The", "tour", "also", "included", "six", "other", "first", "-", "class", "matches", ".", "The", "Sri", "L", "ank", "an", "team", "An", "ura", "Ten", "ne", "k", "oon", "(", "captain", ")", "David", "He", "yn", "(", "vice", "-", "captain", ")", "D", "enn", "is", "Ch", "an", "m", "ug", "am", "Am", "ith", "a", "de", "C", "ost", "a", "S", "om", "ach", "and", "ra", "de", "Sil", "va", "A", "j", "it", "de", "Sil", "va", "Roy", "Di", "as", "R", "an", "j", "it", "F", "ern", "and", "o", "Mah", "es", "Go", "on", "at", "ille", "ke", "Russ", "ell", "Ham", "er", "L", "al", "ith", "Kal", "u", "per", "um", "a", "Du", "le", "ep", "M", "end", "is", "Tony", "O", "path", "a", "An", "ura", "R", "an", "asing", "he", "Day", "a", "S", "ah", "ab", "and", "u", "Band", "ula", "War", "n", "ap", "ura", "Sun", "il", "W", "ett", "im", "un", "y", "The", "manager", "was", "Ne", "il", "Per", "era", "and", "the", "assistant", "manager", "was", "Ab", "u", "F", "u", "ard", ".", "References", "External", "links", "Sri", "L", "ank", "a", "in", "India", ",", "1975", "-", "76", "at", "C", "ric", "inf", "o", "1975", "in", "Indian", "cr", "icket", "1975", "in", "Sri", "L", "ank", "an", "cr", "icket", "1975", "–", "76", "Indian", "cr", "icket", "seasons", "from", "1970", "–", "71", "to", "1999", "–", "2000", "International", "cr", "icket", "compet", "itions", "from", "1975", "–", "76", "to", "1980" ]
[ 24627, 29510, 48, 25358, 69, 24810, 27477, 25036, 24601, 25638, 26047, 24672, 25336, 24601, 25422, 27160, 18, 29510, 48, 25358, 69, 25671, 24809, 25115, 24920, 29686, 28259, 16, 24835, 25151, 25253, 17, 25058, 24631, 26550, 56, 26495, 24747, 25350, 16, 26047, 27099, 22, 4992, 20, 18, 24627, 26616, 24762, 25922, 25822, 24858, 24818, 17, 25360, 27752, 18, 24627, 29510, 48, 25358, 24583, 25036, 24800, 27088, 29242, 24687, 79, 27095, 12, 29279, 13, 26148, 24736, 25828, 12, 26192, 17, 29279, 13, 40, 25187, 24593, 24698, 24583, 81, 24880, 24611, 25417, 24642, 69, 24650, 39, 24764, 69, 55, 24605, 24769, 24596, 24840, 24650, 27137, 27444, 37, 78, 24598, 24650, 27137, 27444, 25849, 27014, 24594, 54, 24583, 78, 24598, 42, 25369, 24596, 83, 27528, 24589, 26560, 24584, 24590, 25757, 24801, 25619, 24731, 26549, 24582, 48, 24591, 24642, 28737, 89, 24726, 24656, 69, 26758, 24604, 25090, 49, 24725, 24593, 29651, 51, 28381, 69, 24800, 27088, 54, 24583, 27397, 24607, 26871, 69, 55, 24966, 24662, 24596, 89, 28545, 26737, 25209, 82, 24654, 27088, 26486, 24608, 59, 26573, 24634, 24631, 93, 24627, 27750, 24625, 25486, 24608, 25768, 26268, 24596, 24585, 28569, 27750, 24625, 25762, 89, 42, 89, 24695, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 29510, 48, 25358, 69, 24581, 26047, 16, 27160, 17, 28509, 24590, 39, 25429, 29541, 83, 27160, 24581, 25759, 24810, 27477, 27160, 24581, 29510, 48, 25358, 24583, 24810, 27477, 27160, 4992, 28509, 25759, 24810, 27477, 27353, 24672, 27166, 4992, 29970, 24601, 26082, 4992, 25807, 25731, 24810, 27477, 25574, 25876, 24672, 27160, 4992, 28509, 24601, 26890 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
64332245
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis%20Dent
Lewis Dent
Lewis T. Dent (also known as Louis Dent, March 3, 1823 – March 22, 1874) was an American explorer, judge, and politician. He was the brother-in-law of Ulysses S. Grant. Dent was born in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1823, the son of Frederick Dent and Ellen Wrenshall. He was one of four older brothers of Julia Dent Grant, the future First Lady. Dent was considered to be well-educated, having attended the best schools in St. Louis and studying law. In 1846, Dent served as a civilian clerk to paymaster Major James H. Cloud who accompanied the Mormon Battalion to California during the Mexican-American War. Lewis and his brother John's names were found etched at Signature Rock in Oklahoma. Dent later married a daughter of Judge Baine. Dent served as a judge on the Superior Court of California until he resigned in 1849. He was a delegate at the first Constitutional Convention of California in 1849. After the shooting death of William Knight on November 9, 1849, John and Lewis Dent took over the operation of Knight's Ferry. The post office for Knight's Ferry was opened on July 28, 1851, and Lewis Dent became its first postmaster. Alongside his brother, Dent ran the ferry and hotel and was named justice of the peace. In 1858, he moved to Stockton, California, and practiced law. In 1862, Dent joined the military staff of his brother-in-law, General Grant. Between 1863 and 1867, he was engaged in extensive cotton-growing in Mississippi and Louisiana. Dent was captured by the Confederates towards the end of the Civil War and spent about a month in custody. After Grant was elected president in 1868, Dent took up residence at the White House. Dent ran for Governor of Mississippi in the state's 1869 election, and was nominated as the gubernatorial candidate for the National Union Republican Party ticket. He was supported by conservatives in both parties, and the Democratic party opted not to field a candidate but to support Dent. However, Grant did not support his brother-in-law, as he opposed his white supremacist views. Dent was defeated in his gubernatorial ambitions by the wealthy planter James L. Alcorn. After losing the election, Grant named him minister to Chile. At the end of his life, Dent became a Roman Catholic. He died in Washington, D.C., in March 1874. References 1823 births 1874 deaths 19th-century American politicians Politicians from St. Louis California lawyers People of Missouri in the American Civil War American white supremacists 19th-century American lawyers 19th-century American judges
[ "Lewis", "T", ".", "D", "ent", "(", "also", "known", "as", "Louis", "D", "ent", ",", "March", "3", ",", "18", "23", "–", "March", "22", ",", "187", "4", ")", "was", "an", "American", "expl", "or", "er", ",", "judge", ",", "and", "politician", ".", "He", "was", "the", "brother", "-", "in", "-", "law", "of", "U", "ly", "s", "ses", "S", ".", "Gr", "ant", ".", "D", "ent", "was", "born", "in", "St", ".", "Louis", ",", "Missouri", ",", "in", "18", "23", ",", "the", "son", "of", "Freder", "ick", "D", "ent", "and", "El", "len", "W", "ren", "sh", "all", ".", "He", "was", "one", "of", "four", "older", "bro", "thers", "of", "Jul", "ia", "D", "ent", "Gr", "ant", ",", "the", "future", "First", "Lady", ".", "D", "ent", "was", "considered", "to", "be", "well", "-", "educated", ",", "having", "attended", "the", "best", "schools", "in", "St", ".", "Louis", "and", "stud", "ying", "law", ".", "In", "184", "6", ",", "D", "ent", "served", "as", "a", "civil", "ian", "cl", "er", "k", "to", "pay", "master", "Major", "James", "H", ".", "Cl", "oud", "who", "ac", "compan", "ied", "the", "Mor", "mon", "B", "attalion", "to", "California", "during", "the", "Mexican", "-", "American", "War", ".", "Lewis", "and", "his", "brother", "John", "'", "s", "names", "were", "found", "et", "ch", "ed", "at", "S", "ign", "ature", "Rock", "in", "Oklahoma", ".", "D", "ent", "later", "married", "a", "daughter", "of", "Jud", "ge", "B", "ain", "e", ".", "D", "ent", "served", "as", "a", "judge", "on", "the", "Super", "ior", "Court", "of", "California", "until", "he", "res", "igned", "in", "184", "9", ".", "He", "was", "a", "de", "leg", "ate", "at", "the", "first", "Con", "stitut", "ional", "Con", "vention", "of", "California", "in", "184", "9", ".", "After", "the", "shoot", "ing", "death", "of", "William", "K", "night", "on", "November", "9", ",", "184", "9", ",", "John", "and", "Lewis", "D", "ent", "took", "over", "the", "operation", "of", "K", "night", "'", "s", "Fer", "ry", ".", "The", "post", "office", "for", "K", "night", "'", "s", "Fer", "ry", "was", "opened", "on", "July", "28", ",", "185", "1", ",", "and", "Lewis", "D", "ent", "became", "its", "first", "post", "master", ".", "Al", "ong", "side", "his", "brother", ",", "D", "ent", "ran", "the", "fer", "ry", "and", "hot", "el", "and", "was", "named", "just", "ice", "of", "the", "peace", ".", "In", "185", "8", ",", "he", "moved", "to", "Stock", "ton", ",", "California", ",", "and", "pract", "iced", "law", ".", "In", "186", "2", ",", "D", "ent", "joined", "the", "military", "staff", "of", "his", "brother", "-", "in", "-", "law", ",", "General", "Gr", "ant", ".", "Between", "186", "3", "and", "186", "7", ",", "he", "was", "eng", "aged", "in", "ext", "ensive", "c", "ot", "ton", "-", "growing", "in", "Miss", "iss", "ipp", "i", "and", "Louis", "iana", ".", "D", "ent", "was", "captured", "by", "the", "Conf", "eder", "ates", "towards", "the", "end", "of", "the", "Civil", "War", "and", "spent", "about", "a", "month", "in", "cus", "to", "dy", ".", "After", "Gr", "ant", "was", "elected", "president", "in", "186", "8", ",", "D", "ent", "took", "up", "res", "idence", "at", "the", "White", "House", ".", "D", "ent", "ran", "for", "Governor", "of", "Miss", "iss", "ipp", "i", "in", "the", "state", "'", "s", "186", "9", "election", ",", "and", "was", "nominated", "as", "the", "gu", "ber", "n", "ator", "ial", "candidate", "for", "the", "National", "Union", "Republican", "Party", "t", "icket", ".", "He", "was", "supported", "by", "conserv", "atives", "in", "both", "parties", ",", "and", "the", "Democratic", "party", "opted", "not", "to", "field", "a", "candidate", "but", "to", "support", "D", "ent", ".", "However", ",", "Gr", "ant", "did", "not", "support", "his", "brother", "-", "in", "-", "law", ",", "as", "he", "op", "posed", "his", "white", "su", "prem", "ac", "ist", "view", "s", ".", "D", "ent", "was", "defeated", "in", "his", "gu", "ber", "n", "ator", "ial", "amb", "itions", "by", "the", "wealth", "y", "plan", "ter", "James", "L", ".", "Al", "corn", ".", "After", "losing", "the", "election", ",", "Gr", "ant", "named", "him", "minister", "to", "Chile", ".", "At", "the", "end", "of", "his", "life", ",", "D", "ent", "became", "a", "Roman", "Catholic", ".", "He", "died", "in", "Washington", ",", "D", ".", "C", ".,", "in", "March", "187", "4", ".", "References", "18", "23", "births", "187", "4", "deaths", "19th", "-", "century", "American", "politicians", "Polit", "ic", "ians", "from", "St", ".", "Louis", "California", "law", "y", "ers", "People", "of", "Missouri", "in", "the", "American", "Civil", "War", "American", "white", "su", "prem", "ac", "ists", "19th", "-", "century", "American", "law", "y", "ers", "19th", "-", "century", "American", "jud", "ges" ]
[ 29460, 56, 18, 40, 24609, 12, 24762, 25137, 24594, 26584, 40, 24609, 16, 25317, 23, 16, 24722, 25217, 4992, 25317, 25127, 16, 25821, 24, 13, 24625, 24583, 24868, 26153, 24586, 24582, 16, 29958, 16, 24596, 26900, 18, 24736, 24625, 24585, 26936, 17, 24581, 17, 25539, 24595, 57, 24633, 87, 28859, 55, 18, 25014, 24738, 18, 40, 24609, 24625, 25049, 24581, 24709, 18, 26584, 16, 29148, 16, 24581, 24722, 25217, 16, 24585, 24951, 24595, 29258, 24958, 40, 24609, 24596, 25421, 29110, 59, 26183, 24690, 24663, 18, 24736, 24625, 24748, 24595, 25253, 28002, 25693, 27395, 24595, 27661, 24677, 40, 24609, 25014, 24738, 16, 24585, 27884, 26204, 28858, 18, 40, 24609, 24625, 26603, 24601, 24636, 25173, 17, 29518, 16, 26296, 27446, 24585, 26066, 26799, 24581, 24709, 18, 26584, 24596, 25117, 26194, 25539, 18, 24657, 26422, 26, 16, 40, 24609, 25612, 24594, 69, 27052, 24669, 24691, 24582, 79, 24601, 27229, 27667, 27449, 26033, 44, 18, 25046, 28739, 24831, 24616, 26290, 24837, 24585, 26036, 24981, 38, 28810, 24601, 25950, 25104, 24585, 28750, 17, 24868, 25209, 18, 29460, 24596, 24684, 26936, 25149, 11, 87, 27290, 24747, 25096, 24645, 24610, 24588, 24590, 55, 24761, 25690, 26977, 24581, 29929, 18, 40, 24609, 25163, 26160, 69, 26672, 24595, 27485, 24721, 38, 24667, 73, 18, 40, 24609, 25612, 24594, 69, 29958, 24584, 24585, 26497, 25233, 26457, 24595, 25950, 25359, 24607, 24753, 27191, 24581, 26422, 29, 18, 24736, 24625, 69, 24650, 25247, 24688, 24590, 24585, 24818, 24924, 26566, 25183, 24924, 28033, 24595, 25950, 24581, 26422, 29, 18, 25302, 24585, 28963, 24599, 25303, 24595, 25643, 47, 26540, 24584, 25406, 29, 16, 26422, 29, 16, 25149, 24596, 29460, 40, 24609, 25676, 24752, 24585, 27719, 24595, 47, 26540, 11, 87, 27305, 25064, 18, 24627, 25890, 26673, 24618, 47, 26540, 11, 87, 27305, 25064, 24625, 26274, 24584, 25363, 25555, 16, 26186, 21, 16, 24596, 29460, 40, 24609, 25244, 24783, 24818, 25890, 27667, 18, 24788, 24728, 25615, 24684, 26936, 16, 40, 24609, 24771, 24585, 24720, 25064, 24596, 27780, 24613, 24596, 24625, 25533, 25871, 24811, 24595, 24585, 29370, 18, 24657, 26186, 28, 16, 24607, 25804, 24601, 29537, 24915, 16, 25950, 16, 24596, 26442, 29138, 25539, 18, 24657, 25802, 22, 16, 40, 24609, 26203, 24585, 26280, 27225, 24595, 24684, 26936, 17, 24581, 17, 25539, 16, 25991, 25014, 24738, 18, 29887, 25802, 23, 24596, 25802, 27, 16, 24607, 24625, 25010, 26231, 24581, 25588, 26574, 71, 24643, 24915, 17, 29873, 24581, 26410, 24897, 26210, 77, 24596, 26584, 27372, 18, 40, 24609, 24625, 29181, 24647, 24585, 29216, 26223, 24855, 27814, 24585, 24725, 24595, 24585, 27628, 25209, 24596, 27862, 25150, 69, 27487, 24581, 26722, 24601, 27312, 18, 25302, 25014, 24738, 24625, 26354, 26270, 24581, 25802, 28, 16, 40, 24609, 25676, 24772, 24753, 26671, 24590, 24585, 26680, 25816, 18, 40, 24609, 24771, 24618, 27924, 24595, 26410, 24897, 26210, 77, 24581, 24585, 25338, 11, 87, 25802, 29, 25990, 16, 24596, 24625, 29456, 24594, 24585, 25309, 24681, 82, 25517, 24727, 28696, 24618, 24585, 25155, 26275, 27653, 25970, 88, 27477, 18, 24736, 24625, 28205, 24647, 29439, 26834, 24581, 25379, 28769, 16, 24596, 24585, 27470, 26460, 28984, 24809, 24601, 25401, 69, 28696, 24835, 24601, 25983, 40, 24609, 18, 25805, 16, 25014, 24738, 25671, 24809, 25983, 24684, 26936, 17, 24581, 17, 25539, 16, 24594, 24607, 24644, 26267, 24684, 26711, 24701, 27222, 24616, 24641, 25276, 87, 18, 40, 24609, 24625, 27387, 24581, 24684, 25309, 24681, 82, 25517, 24727, 25875, 25876, 24647, 24585, 27893, 93, 26874, 24621, 26033, 48, 18, 24788, 28628, 18, 25302, 29745, 24585, 25990, 16, 25014, 24738, 25533, 25047, 28021, 24601, 29438, 18, 25197, 24585, 24725, 24595, 24684, 25372, 16, 40, 24609, 25244, 69, 25957, 26774, 18, 24736, 25727, 24581, 26430, 16, 40, 18, 39, 25964, 24581, 25317, 25821, 24, 18, 24838, 24722, 25217, 25393, 25821, 24, 25989, 27012, 17, 25087, 24868, 27901, 27151, 24597, 25297, 24672, 24709, 18, 26584, 25950, 25539, 93, 24629, 25687, 24595, 29148, 24581, 24585, 24868, 27628, 25209, 24868, 26711, 24701, 27222, 24616, 25006, 27012, 17, 25087, 24868, 25539, 93, 24629, 27012, 17, 25087, 24868, 26867, 26182 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
23532165
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaumin
Guillaumin
Guillaumin is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include: Armand Guillaumin (1842–1927), French impressionist painter and lithographer André Guillaumin (1885–1974), French botanist Colette Guillaumin (1934–2017), French sociologist French-language surnames
[ "Gu", "illa", "um", "in", "is", "a", "French", "surname", ".", "Notable", "people", "with", "the", "surname", "include", ":", "Ar", "mand", "Gu", "illa", "um", "in", "(", "184", "2", "–", "1927", "),", "French", "im", "pression", "ist", "painter", "and", "l", "ith", "o", "grapher", "An", "dr", "é", "Gu", "illa", "um", "in", "(", "188", "5", "–", "1974", "),", "French", "bot", "an", "ist", "Co", "let", "te", "Gu", "illa", "um", "in", "(", "1934", "–", "2017", "),", "French", "soci", "ologist", "French", "-", "language", "surn", "ames" ]
[ 25409, 28455, 24656, 24581, 24593, 69, 25596, 29490, 18, 28690, 24941, 24651, 24585, 29490, 25915, 30, 24780, 28761, 25409, 28455, 24656, 24581, 12, 26422, 22, 4992, 28973, 24758, 25596, 24634, 28642, 24641, 29948, 24596, 80, 24642, 83, 29945, 24800, 24815, 200, 25409, 28455, 24656, 24581, 12, 25668, 25, 4992, 27142, 24758, 25596, 27348, 24583, 24641, 25287, 25171, 24680, 25409, 28455, 24656, 24581, 12, 28812, 4992, 25630, 24758, 25596, 25640, 28889, 25596, 17, 25996, 28626, 24990 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
33710784
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan%20Furnace%20Mansion
Logan Furnace Mansion
The Logan Furnace Mansion is an historic, American home that is located in Spring Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. History and architectural features This historic structure is an "L"-shaped building, consisting of a -story, five-bay stone main house, with a two-story, stone kitchen ell. The ell was the original home and was built between 1798 and 1800. The main house was built in 1818. The house and iron furnace were built by John Dunlop (Bellefonte iron master). By 1826, the furnace was capable of producing 1,200 tons of pig iron per year. The stone house, a few large mill stones, and an iron workers house are still visible. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. References Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania Houses completed in 1818 Houses in Centre County, Pennsylvania National Register of Historic Places in Centre County, Pennsylvania
[ "The", "L", "og", "an", "F", "urn", "ace", "M", "ansion", "is", "an", "historic", ",", "American", "home", "that", "is", "located", "in", "Spring", "Township", ",", "Centre", "County", ",", "Pennsylvania", ".", "It", "was", "added", "to", "the", "National", "Register", "of", "Historic", "Places", "in", "1977", ".", "History", "and", "architect", "ural", "features", "This", "historic", "structure", "is", "an", "\"", "L", "\"", "-", "shap", "ed", "building", ",", "consist", "ing", "of", "a", "-", "story", ",", "five", "-", "b", "ay", "stone", "main", "house", ",", "with", "a", "two", "-", "story", ",", "stone", "k", "itch", "en", "ell", ".", "The", "ell", "was", "the", "original", "home", "and", "was", "built", "between", "179", "8", "and", "18", "00", ".", "The", "main", "house", "was", "built", "in", "18", "18", ".", "The", "house", "and", "iron", "f", "urn", "ace", "were", "built", "by", "John", "Dun", "l", "op", "(", "Bel", "le", "f", "on", "te", "iron", "master", ").", "By", "18", "26", ",", "the", "f", "urn", "ace", "was", "cap", "able", "of", "produ", "cing", "1", ",", "200", "ton", "s", "of", "p", "ig", "iron", "per", "year", ".", "The", "stone", "house", ",", "a", "few", "large", "mill", "st", "ones", ",", "and", "an", "iron", "workers", "house", "are", "still", "vis", "ible", ".", "It", "was", "added", "to", "the", "National", "Register", "of", "Historic", "Places", "in", "1977", ".", "References", "H", "ous", "es", "on", "the", "National", "Register", "of", "Historic", "Places", "in", "Pennsylvania", "H", "ous", "es", "completed", "in", "18", "18", "H", "ous", "es", "in", "Centre", "County", ",", "Pennsylvania", "National", "Register", "of", "Historic", "Places", "in", "Centre", "County", ",", "Pennsylvania" ]
[ 24627, 48, 24776, 24583, 42, 24935, 24852, 49, 29622, 24593, 24583, 28575, 16, 24868, 25664, 24682, 24593, 25616, 24581, 29000, 29160, 16, 28155, 25239, 16, 27554, 18, 24805, 24625, 27220, 24601, 24585, 25155, 27624, 24595, 27090, 27807, 24581, 27170, 18, 25592, 24596, 28538, 25274, 27054, 25111, 28575, 27677, 24593, 24583, 6, 48, 6, 17, 29782, 24588, 25847, 16, 27062, 24599, 24595, 69, 17, 26241, 16, 25842, 17, 70, 24632, 27195, 25039, 25470, 16, 24651, 69, 24907, 17, 26241, 16, 27195, 79, 26037, 24587, 24731, 18, 24627, 24731, 24625, 24585, 25967, 25664, 24596, 24625, 25679, 25142, 27682, 28, 24596, 24722, 24799, 18, 24627, 25039, 25470, 24625, 25679, 24581, 24722, 24722, 18, 24627, 25470, 24596, 29939, 74, 24935, 24852, 24747, 25679, 24647, 25149, 27872, 80, 24644, 12, 25952, 24604, 74, 24584, 24680, 29939, 27667, 24874, 25920, 24722, 25552, 16, 24585, 74, 24935, 24852, 24625, 25238, 24914, 24595, 25027, 27815, 21, 16, 24706, 24915, 87, 24595, 84, 24628, 29939, 24726, 24854, 18, 24627, 27195, 25470, 16, 69, 26375, 25926, 25702, 24606, 25794, 16, 24596, 24583, 29939, 28885, 25470, 24686, 26043, 25423, 25569, 18, 24805, 24625, 27220, 24601, 24585, 25155, 27624, 24595, 27090, 27807, 24581, 27170, 18, 24838, 44, 24797, 24589, 24584, 24585, 25155, 27624, 24595, 27090, 27807, 24581, 27554, 44, 24797, 24589, 26534, 24581, 24722, 24722, 44, 24797, 24589, 24581, 28155, 25239, 16, 27554, 25155, 27624, 24595, 27090, 27807, 24581, 28155, 25239, 16, 27554 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
12996805
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond%20Michel
Edmond Michel
Edmond Michel was a Frenchman who immigrated to the United States in the early 20th century. He lived in New Orleans. His claim to fame was the invention of the handheld circular saw.Watching sugar farmers cut through thick cane stalks with machetes, he believed that there was a better way. Michel mounted a mixer motor onto a standard machete, as well as a worm wheel gearbox and a 2-inch circular blade. This invention, while actually working fairly effectively (if slowly), required an external generator, making it quite impractical. In creating this device, Michel effectively invented the worm-drive motor. Michel then tried again, using a piece of wood with a notch carved into it. In the notch, he mounted the same mechanism as the mechanical reaper, but with a 6-inch blade. This was the first electric circular saw. After a New Orleans newspaper ran an article about Michel's invention, he was approached by Joseph W. Sullivan. The two became business partners and moved to Chicago. In 1924, they were granted a patent for the Michel Electric Hand Saw. Attracting immediate interest from contractors despite numerous mechanical problems, the two began production of the saw. The name was changed to Skil in 1926, after Sullivan's wife commented on the skill necessary to use one. Just before the Great Depression, Michel withdrew from the company to work on new inventions. After leaving the Skil company, Michel invested his share of the money inventing and developing Larmloc, the first keypad-based lock. Sadly, this invention failed to pan out, and only one working prototype was ever made. This inventor remains largely forgotten in American history, but is still remembered by his family. His youngest daughter Lorretta Brown still lives in Chicago. References Interview with Marguerite Brown (daughter of Edmond Michel) by her grandson, Nicholas Tausek Canlen, Brae (October 25, 1999.) Retooling America. FindArticles. Archived from the original on September 22, 2007. Frechette, Leon A. (December 1993.) The great divide. asktooltalk.com / Remodeling News Year of birth missing Year of death missing 20th-century American inventors 20th-century French inventors People from New Orleans
[ "Ed", "mond", "Mic", "hel", "was", "a", "French", "man", "who", "imm", "igr", "ated", "to", "the", "United", "States", "in", "the", "early", "20th", "century", ".", "He", "lived", "in", "New", "Or", "le", "ans", ".", "His", "claim", "to", "f", "ame", "was", "the", "inv", "ention", "of", "the", "hand", "held", "circ", "ular", "saw", ".", "W", "atch", "ing", "su", "gar", "farm", "ers", "cut", "through", "th", "ick", "can", "e", "st", "al", "ks", "with", "m", "ac", "he", "t", "es", ",", "he", "believed", "that", "there", "was", "a", "better", "way", ".", "Mic", "hel", "moun", "ted", "a", "mix", "er", "motor", "onto", "a", "standard", "m", "ac", "he", "te", ",", "as", "well", "as", "a", "wor", "m", "whe", "el", "g", "ear", "box", "and", "a", "2", "-", "in", "ch", "circ", "ular", "bl", "ade", ".", "This", "inv", "ention", ",", "while", "act", "ually", "working", "fair", "ly", "effect", "ively", "(", "if", "slow", "ly", "),", "required", "an", "ex", "ternal", "gener", "ator", ",", "making", "it", "qu", "ite", "im", "pract", "ical", ".", "In", "cre", "ating", "this", "de", "vice", ",", "Mic", "hel", "effect", "ively", "inv", "ent", "ed", "the", "wor", "m", "-", "dr", "ive", "motor", ".", "Mic", "hel", "then", "tr", "ied", "again", ",", "using", "a", "piece", "of", "wood", "with", "a", "not", "ch", "car", "ved", "into", "it", ".", "In", "the", "not", "ch", ",", "he", "moun", "ted", "the", "same", "mechan", "ism", "as", "the", "mechan", "ical", "re", "aper", ",", "but", "with", "a", "6", "-", "in", "ch", "bl", "ade", ".", "This", "was", "the", "first", "electric", "circ", "ular", "saw", ".", "After", "a", "New", "Or", "le", "ans", "newspaper", "ran", "an", "article", "about", "Mic", "hel", "'", "s", "inv", "ention", ",", "he", "was", "approach", "ed", "by", "Joseph", "W", ".", "S", "ull", "iv", "an", ".", "The", "two", "became", "business", "part", "ners", "and", "moved", "to", "Chicago", ".", "In", "1924", ",", "they", "were", "granted", "a", "pat", "ent", "for", "the", "Mic", "hel", "Elect", "ric", "Hand", "S", "aw", ".", "At", "tr", "acting", "immedi", "ate", "interest", "from", "contract", "ors", "despite", "numerous", "mechan", "ical", "problems", ",", "the", "two", "began", "production", "of", "the", "saw", ".", "The", "name", "was", "changed", "to", "Sk", "il", "in", "1926", ",", "after", "S", "ull", "iv", "an", "'", "s", "wife", "comment", "ed", "on", "the", "skill", "necess", "ary", "to", "use", "one", ".", "Just", "before", "the", "Great", "De", "pression", ",", "Mic", "hel", "with", "d", "rew", "from", "the", "company", "to", "work", "on", "new", "inv", "ent", "ions", ".", "After", "leaving", "the", "Sk", "il", "company", ",", "Mic", "hel", "inv", "ested", "his", "share", "of", "the", "money", "inv", "ent", "ing", "and", "develop", "ing", "L", "arm", "loc", ",", "the", "first", "key", "p", "ad", "-", "based", "lock", ".", "S", "ad", "ly", ",", "this", "inv", "ention", "failed", "to", "pan", "out", ",", "and", "only", "one", "working", "pro", "to", "type", "was", "ever", "made", ".", "This", "inv", "ent", "or", "remains", "largely", "for", "got", "ten", "in", "American", "history", ",", "but", "is", "still", "re", "member", "ed", "by", "his", "family", ".", "His", "young", "est", "daughter", "Lor", "ret", "ta", "Brown", "still", "lives", "in", "Chicago", ".", "References", "Inter", "view", "with", "Mar", "gu", "er", "ite", "Brown", "(", "daughter", "of", "Ed", "mond", "Mic", "hel", ")", "by", "her", "grand", "son", ",", "N", "ich", "ol", "as", "T", "ause", "k", "Can", "len", ",", "Bra", "e", "(", "October", "25", ",", "1999", ".)", "Re", "to", "ol", "ing", "America", ".", "F", "ind", "Art", "icles", ".", "Arch", "ived", "from", "the", "original", "on", "September", "22", ",", "2007", ".", "Fre", "che", "t", "te", ",", "Leon", "A", ".", "(", "December", "1993", ".)", "The", "great", "div", "ide", ".", "ask", "to", "ol", "tal", "k", ".", "com", "/", "Rem", "od", "el", "ing", "News", "Year", "of", "birth", "missing", "Year", "of", "death", "missing", "20th", "-", "century", "American", "inv", "ent", "ors", "20th", "-", "century", "French", "inv", "ent", "ors", "People", "from", "New", "Or", "le", "ans" ]
[ 25420, 27629, 27328, 25280, 24625, 69, 25596, 24710, 24831, 26923, 27338, 24712, 24601, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24581, 24585, 25551, 26025, 25087, 18, 24736, 27569, 24581, 24871, 25156, 24604, 24841, 18, 25496, 26019, 24601, 74, 24741, 24625, 24585, 25212, 27330, 24595, 24585, 25866, 25605, 28837, 25119, 26960, 18, 59, 25229, 24599, 24701, 26151, 27578, 24629, 25599, 25172, 24580, 24958, 24995, 73, 24606, 24591, 24737, 24651, 81, 24616, 24607, 88, 24589, 16, 24607, 28533, 24682, 25201, 24625, 69, 28156, 24968, 18, 27328, 25280, 26930, 24826, 69, 26945, 24582, 29311, 27034, 69, 27913, 81, 24616, 24607, 24680, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 69, 24784, 81, 27143, 24613, 75, 24717, 26938, 24596, 69, 22, 17, 24581, 24610, 28837, 25119, 25237, 24899, 18, 25111, 25212, 27330, 16, 25293, 24756, 25520, 26609, 29503, 24633, 26243, 26029, 12, 24692, 29890, 24633, 24758, 27957, 24583, 24707, 25023, 25872, 25517, 16, 26521, 24598, 24715, 24850, 24634, 26442, 24757, 18, 24657, 24912, 25105, 24927, 24650, 26192, 16, 27328, 25280, 26243, 26029, 25212, 24609, 24588, 24585, 24784, 81, 17, 24815, 24723, 29311, 18, 27328, 25280, 25115, 24664, 24837, 25098, 16, 25916, 69, 29282, 24595, 25917, 24651, 69, 24809, 24610, 25653, 25501, 25000, 24598, 18, 24657, 24585, 24809, 24610, 16, 24607, 26930, 24826, 24585, 25515, 28716, 25284, 24594, 24585, 28716, 24757, 24600, 26397, 16, 24835, 24651, 69, 26, 17, 24581, 24610, 25237, 24899, 18, 25111, 24625, 24585, 24818, 28339, 28837, 25119, 26960, 18, 25302, 69, 24871, 25156, 24604, 24841, 28616, 24771, 24583, 28646, 25150, 27328, 25280, 11, 87, 25212, 27330, 16, 24607, 24625, 27784, 24588, 24647, 27294, 59, 18, 55, 26028, 24622, 24583, 18, 24627, 24907, 25244, 26045, 24791, 28557, 24596, 25804, 24601, 27076, 18, 24657, 28937, 16, 25002, 24747, 29751, 69, 25553, 24609, 24618, 24585, 27328, 25280, 28240, 25429, 29601, 55, 24766, 18, 25197, 24664, 28349, 28282, 24688, 27373, 24672, 26899, 24903, 28673, 28161, 28716, 24757, 28929, 16, 24585, 24907, 25623, 26193, 24595, 24585, 26960, 18, 24627, 25364, 24625, 27496, 24601, 26529, 24608, 24581, 29116, 16, 24942, 55, 26028, 24622, 24583, 11, 87, 26512, 28627, 24588, 24584, 24585, 29428, 28691, 24713, 24601, 25043, 24748, 18, 26972, 25327, 24585, 26604, 24821, 28642, 16, 27328, 25280, 24651, 72, 25892, 24672, 24585, 25684, 24601, 24918, 24584, 24983, 25212, 24609, 24921, 18, 25302, 28488, 24585, 26529, 24608, 25684, 16, 27328, 25280, 25212, 26198, 24684, 29107, 24595, 24585, 27907, 25212, 24609, 24599, 24596, 25371, 24599, 48, 25425, 24938, 16, 24585, 24818, 25597, 84, 24614, 17, 25413, 26642, 18, 55, 24614, 24633, 16, 24927, 25212, 27330, 28470, 24601, 27050, 24767, 16, 24596, 25089, 24748, 26609, 24685, 24601, 26747, 24625, 25034, 25167, 18, 25111, 25212, 24609, 24586, 28330, 29659, 24618, 26939, 25026, 24581, 24868, 25838, 16, 24835, 24593, 26043, 24600, 25537, 24588, 24647, 24684, 25334, 18, 25496, 26181, 24655, 26672, 29528, 25055, 26191, 27250, 26043, 28567, 24581, 27076, 18, 24838, 26620, 25276, 24651, 24829, 25309, 24582, 24850, 27250, 12, 26672, 24595, 25420, 27629, 27328, 25280, 13, 24647, 24803, 27254, 24951, 16, 50, 24708, 24612, 24594, 56, 25510, 79, 25189, 29110, 16, 26407, 73, 12, 25336, 25306, 16, 26082, 27551, 24693, 24601, 24612, 24599, 26185, 18, 42, 24888, 25680, 26810, 18, 26232, 25199, 24672, 24585, 25967, 24584, 25322, 25127, 16, 25557, 18, 28417, 25697, 88, 24680, 16, 29286, 37, 18, 12, 25422, 26437, 27551, 24627, 26432, 26515, 24814, 18, 25370, 24601, 24612, 25696, 79, 18, 24665, 19, 28702, 24694, 24613, 24599, 27860, 26099, 24595, 26653, 27386, 26099, 24595, 25303, 27386, 26025, 17, 25087, 24868, 25212, 24609, 24903, 26025, 17, 25087, 25596, 25212, 24609, 24903, 25687, 24672, 24871, 25156, 24604, 24841 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
58333511
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelopugino%2C%20Zabaykalsky%20Krai
Shelopugino, Zabaykalsky Krai
Shelopugino () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Shelopuginsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: Geography The village is about 462 km southeast of the regional capital Chita and 72 km from the nearest railway station. It is on the bank of the Unda River. There is a Museum of Local History. History Shelopugino was first mentioned in 1782. A prison camp operated until 1917. In January 1930 the agricultural commune was formed, which united 11 villages or 900 peasant households, but by May it had ceased, and the residents joined the peasant uprising. Until the 1990s, the airport operated. References Rural localities in Zabaykalsky Krai
[ "She", "l", "op", "ug", "ino", "()", "is", "a", "rural", "loc", "ality", "(", "a", "sel", "o", ")", "and", "the", "administrative", "center", "of", "She", "l", "op", "ug", "ins", "ky", "District", "of", "Z", "ab", "ay", "k", "als", "ky", "K", "ra", "i", ",", "Russia", ".", "Pop", "ulation", ":", "Geography", "The", "village", "is", "about", "46", "2", "km", "sou", "theast", "of", "the", "regional", "capital", "Ch", "ita", "and", "72", "km", "from", "the", "near", "est", "railway", "station", ".", "It", "is", "on", "the", "bank", "of", "the", "Un", "da", "River", ".", "There", "is", "a", "Museum", "of", "Loc", "al", "History", ".", "History", "She", "l", "op", "ug", "ino", "was", "first", "mentioned", "in", "17", "82", ".", "A", "prison", "camp", "operated", "until", "1917", ".", "In", "January", "1930", "the", "agricult", "ural", "comm", "une", "was", "formed", ",", "which", "un", "ited", "11", "villages", "or", "9", "00", "pe", "as", "ant", "households", ",", "but", "by", "May", "it", "had", "ce", "ased", ",", "and", "the", "residents", "joined", "the", "pe", "as", "ant", "u", "pr", "ising", ".", "Un", "t", "il", "the", "1990s", ",", "the", "air", "port", "operated", ".", "References", "R", "ural", "local", "ities", "in", "Z", "ab", "ay", "k", "als", "ky", "K", "ra", "i" ]
[ 25079, 80, 24644, 24880, 26093, 26399, 24593, 69, 28971, 24938, 25637, 12, 69, 26994, 83, 13, 24596, 24585, 28790, 25886, 24595, 25079, 80, 24644, 24880, 25080, 27709, 25730, 24595, 62, 24662, 24632, 79, 24702, 27709, 47, 24840, 77, 16, 27266, 18, 26695, 25435, 30, 29162, 24627, 25879, 24593, 25150, 27817, 22, 26020, 29494, 27604, 24595, 24585, 28390, 27447, 24698, 27028, 24596, 29332, 26020, 24672, 24585, 25532, 24655, 27423, 25711, 18, 24805, 24593, 24584, 24585, 27237, 24595, 24585, 24739, 26963, 25910, 18, 25650, 24593, 69, 26531, 24595, 27770, 24591, 25592, 18, 25592, 25079, 80, 24644, 24880, 26093, 24625, 24818, 29539, 24581, 24940, 29841, 18, 37, 26990, 25829, 27944, 25359, 28813, 18, 24657, 25352, 28640, 24585, 29295, 25274, 24898, 25178, 24625, 25648, 16, 24763, 24631, 24863, 25267, 29721, 24586, 29, 24799, 24678, 24594, 24738, 28751, 16, 24835, 24647, 25176, 24598, 24798, 24648, 24919, 16, 24596, 24585, 28857, 26203, 24585, 24678, 24594, 24738, 89, 24666, 26388, 18, 24739, 88, 24608, 24585, 28371, 16, 24585, 24911, 24873, 27944, 18, 24838, 54, 25274, 25763, 25082, 24581, 62, 24662, 24632, 79, 24702, 27709, 47, 24840, 77 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
30896000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMT%20Dance%20Studio
PMT Dance Studio
PMT Dance Studio is a New York City based company founded by dancer and choreographer Pavan Thimmaiah in 2001. It currently comprises a dance school, repertory company and the PMT Seasonal Showcase Company. History Founded by Pavan M. Thimmaiah, PMT Dance Company is a New York City based company that has performed both locally and internationally. They have performed at various venues, including the International Bollywood Movie Awards (2003) at the Trump Taj Mahal, the International Dance Festival – “Men at Work” (2006) in NYC, and at the Canadian National Exhibition (2006) in Toronto, Canada and as half-time acts at Madison Square Garden (2014-2016). PMT Dance Company was featured on the Today Show on 2 occasions in 2015 – the latter resulting in them achieving the Guinness World Record for the World's Largest Street Dance (in conjunction with PMT Dance Studio). In 2008, PMT Dance Company put on their first full-length stage production entitled “Struck”. The production run was well received and was eventually featured on the Sundance Channel's “Young Revolutionaries” TV Special (2009). Performances and Repertory PMT Dance Studio consists of two sub-companies: PMT Seasonal Showcase Company and PMT Dance Company. The PMT Seasonal Showcase Company – is a non-profit company that is responsible for the production of various showcases, including showcases by PMT's repertory company. It produces dozens of showcases annually, usually in the Spring and Fall seasons. These productions showcase various dance companies, many of which are up and coming. The showcase company also provides rehearsal space and other means of assistance to its presenters. 1-2 companies a year are selected to be an artist in residence, which involves the production of showcases highlighting the work of the artist in residence. The PMT Seasonal Showcase company has been in existence since the Fall of 2001, assisting with the development of hundreds of dance companies and choreographers since that time. PMT Dance Company is the repertory company for the studio. It is under the direction of Pavan Thimmaiah and its assistant director is Alan Watson. PMT Dance Company incorporates original music and a storyline into elements of Hip Hop, Funk, and Jazz dance. Its credits include the International Bollywood Movie Awards and Sensing Peace Documentary Gala and the International Dance Festival where Pavan Thimmaiah was a featured choreographer in a night honoring male choreographers entitled "Men at Work." In addition, PMT Dance Company was chosen to perform in Toronto at the Canadian National Exhibition in July 2006. In 2008, PMT Dance Company completed a run of their first feature-length production called "Struck..." "Struck..." was a collaborative effort which featured a culmination of work by Pavan Thimmaiah as well as the choreography of Jed Forman, Yesid Lopez and Alan Watson. The show was eventually featured on the Sundance Channel. "Struck..." is scheduled for a 2011 production. References Dance education in the United States Dance companies in New York City
[ "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Stud", "io", "is", "a", "New", "York", "City", "based", "company", "founded", "by", "d", "an", "cer", "and", "ch", "ore", "o", "grapher", "P", "av", "an", "Th", "im", "ma", "ia", "h", "in", "2001", ".", "It", "currently", "com", "pr", "ises", "a", "dance", "school", ",", "re", "per", "t", "ory", "company", "and", "the", "P", "M", "T", "Season", "al", "Show", "case", "Company", ".", "History", "Found", "ed", "by", "P", "av", "an", "M", ".", "Th", "im", "ma", "ia", "h", ",", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Company", "is", "a", "New", "York", "City", "based", "company", "that", "has", "performed", "both", "loc", "ally", "and", "international", "ly", ".", "They", "have", "performed", "at", "various", "ven", "ues", ",", "including", "the", "International", "Bol", "ly", "wood", "Mov", "ie", "Awards", "(", "2003", ")", "at", "the", "Tr", "ump", "T", "aj", "Mah", "al", ",", "the", "International", "D", "ance", "Festival", "–", "“", "Men", "at", "Work", "”", "(", "2006", ")", "in", "NY", "C", ",", "and", "at", "the", "Canadian", "National", "Ex", "hib", "ition", "(", "2006", ")", "in", "Toronto", ",", "Canada", "and", "as", "half", "-", "time", "acts", "at", "Mad", "ison", "S", "quare", "G", "arden", "(", "2014", "-", "2016", ").", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Company", "was", "featured", "on", "the", "Tod", "ay", "Show", "on", "2", "occas", "ions", "in", "2015", "–", "the", "latter", "resulting", "in", "them", "ach", "ie", "ving", "the", "Gu", "inn", "ess", "World", "Record", "for", "the", "World", "'", "s", "L", "arg", "est", "Street", "D", "ance", "(", "in", "con", "jun", "ction", "with", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Stud", "io", ").", "In", "2008", ",", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Company", "put", "on", "their", "first", "full", "-", "length", "stage", "production", "ent", "it", "led", "“", "Str", "uck", "”", ".", "The", "production", "run", "was", "well", "received", "and", "was", "eventually", "featured", "on", "the", "S", "und", "ance", "Channel", "'", "s", "“", "Young", "Revolution", "aries", "”", "TV", "Special", "(", "2009", ").", "Per", "forman", "ces", "and", "Re", "per", "t", "ory", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Stud", "io", "consists", "of", "two", "sub", "-", "companies", ":", "P", "M", "T", "Season", "al", "Show", "case", "Company", "and", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Company", ".", "The", "P", "M", "T", "Season", "al", "Show", "case", "Company", "–", "is", "a", "non", "-", "prof", "it", "company", "that", "is", "responsible", "for", "the", "production", "of", "various", "show", "cases", ",", "including", "show", "cases", "by", "P", "M", "T", "'", "s", "re", "per", "t", "ory", "company", ".", "It", "produ", "ces", "do", "z", "ens", "of", "show", "cases", "ann", "ually", ",", "usually", "in", "the", "Spring", "and", "Fall", "seasons", ".", "These", "produ", "ctions", "show", "case", "various", "dance", "companies", ",", "many", "of", "which", "are", "up", "and", "coming", ".", "The", "show", "case", "company", "also", "provides", "re", "he", "ars", "al", "space", "and", "other", "means", "of", "assist", "ance", "to", "its", "present", "ers", ".", "1", "-", "2", "companies", "a", "year", "are", "selected", "to", "be", "an", "artist", "in", "res", "idence", ",", "which", "invol", "ves", "the", "production", "of", "show", "cases", "high", "light", "ing", "the", "work", "of", "the", "artist", "in", "res", "idence", ".", "The", "P", "M", "T", "Season", "al", "Show", "case", "company", "has", "been", "in", "exist", "ence", "since", "the", "Fall", "of", "2001", ",", "assist", "ing", "with", "the", "development", "of", "hundr", "eds", "of", "dance", "companies", "and", "ch", "ore", "ograph", "ers", "since", "that", "time", ".", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Company", "is", "the", "re", "per", "t", "ory", "company", "for", "the", "studio", ".", "It", "is", "under", "the", "direction", "of", "P", "av", "an", "Th", "im", "ma", "ia", "h", "and", "its", "assistant", "director", "is", "Al", "an", "Wat", "son", ".", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Company", "incorpor", "ates", "original", "music", "and", "a", "story", "line", "into", "elements", "of", "H", "ip", "H", "op", ",", "F", "unk", ",", "and", "J", "azz", "dance", ".", "Its", "cred", "its", "include", "the", "International", "Bol", "ly", "wood", "Mov", "ie", "Awards", "and", "S", "ens", "ing", "Pe", "ace", "D", "oc", "ument", "ary", "G", "ala", "and", "the", "International", "D", "ance", "Festival", "where", "P", "av", "an", "Th", "im", "ma", "ia", "h", "was", "a", "featured", "ch", "ore", "o", "grapher", "in", "a", "night", "honor", "ing", "male", "ch", "ore", "ograph", "ers", "ent", "it", "led", "\"", "Men", "at", "Work", ".\"", "In", "addition", ",", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Company", "was", "ch", "osen", "to", "perform", "in", "Toronto", "at", "the", "Canadian", "National", "Ex", "hib", "ition", "in", "July", "2006", ".", "In", "2008", ",", "P", "M", "T", "D", "ance", "Company", "completed", "a", "run", "of", "their", "first", "feature", "-", "length", "production", "called", "\"", "Str", "uck", "..", ".\"", "\"", "Str", "uck", "..", ".\"", "was", "a", "collabor", "ative", "ef", "fort", "which", "featured", "a", "cul", "min", "ation", "of", "work", "by", "P", "av", "an", "Th", "im", "ma", "ia", "h", "as", "well", "as", "the", "ch", "ore", "ography", "of", "J", "ed", "For", "man", ",", "Y", "es", "id", "L", "ope", "z", "and", "Al", "an", "Wat", "son", ".", "The", "show", "was", "eventually", "featured", "on", "the", "S", "und", "ance", "Channel", ".", "\"", "Str", "uck", "..", ".\"", "is", "sched", "uled", "for", "a", "2011", "production", ".", "References", "D", "ance", "education", "in", "the", "United", "States", "D", "ance", "companies", "in", "New", "York", "City" ]
[ 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26247, 24860, 24593, 69, 24871, 25288, 25440, 25413, 25684, 26409, 24647, 72, 24583, 25040, 24596, 24610, 24806, 83, 29945, 52, 24668, 24583, 24824, 24634, 25853, 24677, 76, 24581, 25933, 18, 24805, 27208, 24665, 24666, 27622, 69, 29139, 25228, 16, 24600, 24726, 88, 24817, 25684, 24596, 24585, 52, 49, 56, 28955, 24591, 28451, 26464, 26478, 18, 25592, 27310, 24588, 24647, 52, 24668, 24583, 49, 18, 24824, 24634, 25853, 24677, 76, 16, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26478, 24593, 69, 24871, 25288, 25440, 25413, 25684, 24682, 24808, 26914, 25379, 24938, 24904, 24596, 26101, 24633, 18, 25594, 24920, 26914, 24590, 26273, 25232, 25966, 16, 25260, 24585, 25731, 28160, 24633, 25917, 28378, 24716, 26518, 12, 25877, 13, 24590, 24585, 25024, 26876, 56, 25075, 27528, 24591, 16, 24585, 25731, 40, 24985, 27253, 4992, 5001, 26385, 24590, 28821, 5002, 12, 25562, 13, 24581, 29626, 39, 16, 24596, 24590, 24585, 26113, 25155, 24889, 26272, 24793, 12, 25562, 13, 24581, 28621, 16, 26124, 24596, 24594, 26202, 17, 24978, 27385, 24590, 26431, 25670, 55, 27781, 43, 28044, 12, 25590, 17, 25600, 24874, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26478, 24625, 27104, 24584, 24585, 28544, 24632, 28451, 24584, 22, 28305, 24921, 24581, 25611, 4992, 24585, 28552, 29805, 24581, 25154, 24769, 24716, 27409, 24585, 25409, 25021, 24676, 25166, 26135, 24618, 24585, 25166, 11, 87, 48, 25135, 24655, 26235, 40, 24985, 12, 24581, 24652, 27631, 24768, 24651, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26247, 24860, 24874, 24657, 25505, 16, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26478, 25837, 24584, 24862, 24818, 26453, 17, 27663, 26756, 26193, 24609, 24598, 25121, 5001, 25963, 25776, 5002, 18, 24627, 26193, 25399, 24625, 25173, 25774, 24596, 24625, 27235, 27104, 24584, 24585, 55, 25324, 24985, 29985, 11, 87, 5001, 27550, 28819, 26868, 5002, 25905, 28174, 12, 25531, 24874, 25768, 26154, 24730, 24596, 24693, 24726, 88, 24817, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26247, 24860, 28686, 24595, 24907, 25097, 17, 26818, 30, 52, 49, 56, 28955, 24591, 28451, 26464, 26478, 24596, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26478, 18, 24627, 52, 49, 56, 28955, 24591, 28451, 26464, 26478, 4992, 24593, 69, 25946, 17, 25416, 24598, 25684, 24682, 24593, 28734, 24618, 24585, 26193, 24595, 26273, 25339, 27714, 16, 25260, 25339, 27714, 24647, 52, 49, 56, 11, 87, 24600, 24726, 88, 24817, 25684, 18, 24805, 25027, 24730, 25161, 94, 24845, 24595, 25339, 27714, 24910, 25520, 16, 27263, 24581, 24585, 29000, 24596, 28839, 27353, 18, 26370, 25027, 25509, 25339, 26464, 26273, 29139, 26818, 16, 25160, 24595, 24763, 24686, 24772, 24596, 26469, 18, 24627, 25339, 26464, 25684, 24762, 28803, 24600, 24607, 25289, 24591, 27138, 24596, 24858, 27998, 24595, 26556, 24985, 24601, 24783, 25126, 24629, 18, 21, 17, 22, 26818, 69, 24854, 24686, 27959, 24601, 24636, 24583, 26719, 24581, 24753, 26671, 16, 24763, 26177, 26048, 24585, 26193, 24595, 25339, 27714, 25153, 26327, 24599, 24585, 24918, 24595, 24585, 26719, 24581, 24753, 26671, 18, 24627, 52, 49, 56, 28955, 24591, 28451, 26464, 25684, 24808, 24948, 24581, 26744, 24881, 25570, 24585, 28839, 24595, 25933, 16, 26556, 24599, 24651, 24585, 26266, 24595, 29557, 26311, 24595, 29139, 26818, 24596, 24610, 24806, 27367, 24629, 25570, 24682, 24978, 18, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26478, 24593, 24585, 24600, 24726, 88, 24817, 25684, 24618, 24585, 27500, 18, 24805, 24593, 25016, 24585, 29114, 24595, 52, 24668, 24583, 24824, 24634, 25853, 24677, 76, 24596, 24783, 28569, 26319, 24593, 24788, 24583, 29529, 24951, 18, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26478, 27577, 24855, 25967, 25331, 24596, 69, 26241, 25315, 25000, 28907, 24595, 44, 24696, 44, 24644, 16, 42, 27546, 16, 24596, 46, 27501, 29139, 18, 27128, 26727, 24783, 25915, 24585, 25731, 28160, 24633, 25917, 28378, 24716, 26518, 24596, 55, 24845, 24599, 25061, 24852, 40, 24670, 25934, 24713, 43, 27084, 24596, 24585, 25731, 40, 24985, 27253, 25072, 52, 24668, 24583, 24824, 24634, 25853, 24677, 76, 24625, 69, 27104, 24610, 24806, 83, 29945, 24581, 69, 26540, 28609, 24599, 25985, 24610, 24806, 27367, 24629, 24609, 24598, 25121, 6, 26385, 24590, 28821, 25215, 24657, 26012, 16, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26478, 24625, 24610, 29731, 24601, 27662, 24581, 28621, 24590, 24585, 26113, 25155, 24889, 26272, 24793, 24581, 25363, 25562, 18, 24657, 25505, 16, 52, 49, 56, 40, 24985, 26478, 26534, 69, 25399, 24595, 24862, 24818, 28102, 17, 27663, 26193, 25446, 6, 25963, 25776, 25535, 25215, 6, 25963, 25776, 25535, 25215, 24625, 69, 28077, 25077, 25636, 26683, 24763, 27104, 69, 27512, 24931, 24626, 24595, 24918, 24647, 52, 24668, 24583, 24824, 24634, 25853, 24677, 76, 24594, 25173, 24594, 24585, 24610, 24806, 27070, 24595, 46, 24588, 25056, 24710, 16, 61, 24589, 24630, 48, 25226, 94, 24596, 24788, 24583, 29529, 24951, 18, 24627, 25339, 24625, 27235, 27104, 24584, 24585, 55, 25324, 24985, 29985, 18, 6, 25963, 25776, 25535, 25215, 24593, 28448, 29615, 24618, 69, 25476, 26193, 18, 24838, 40, 24985, 26513, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 40, 24985, 26818, 24581, 24871, 25288, 25440 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
44518188
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituency%20W-326
Constituency W-326
Constituency W-326 is a reserved Constituency for female in the Provincial Assembly of Punjab. General elections 2013 General elections 2008 See also Punjab, Pakistan References External links Election commission Pakistan's official website Awazoday.com Official Website of Government of Punjab Provincial constituencies of Punjab, Pakistan
[ "Con", "stitu", "ency", "W", "-", "3", "26", "is", "a", "reser", "ved", "Con", "stitu", "ency", "for", "female", "in", "the", "Prov", "incial", "Assembly", "of", "P", "un", "j", "ab", ".", "General", "elections", "2013", "General", "elections", "2008", "See", "also", "P", "un", "j", "ab", ",", "Pakistan", "References", "External", "links", "E", "lection", "commission", "Pakistan", "'", "s", "official", "website", "A", "w", "az", "od", "ay", ".", "com", "Official", "Web", "site", "of", "Government", "of", "P", "un", "j", "ab", "Prov", "incial", "constitu", "encies", "of", "P", "un", "j", "ab", ",", "Pakistan" ]
[ 24924, 28032, 26322, 59, 17, 23, 25552, 24593, 69, 29612, 25501, 24924, 28032, 26322, 24618, 26889, 24581, 24585, 26475, 29556, 27458, 24595, 52, 24631, 78, 24662, 18, 25991, 27806, 25578, 25991, 27806, 25505, 25404, 24762, 52, 24631, 78, 24662, 16, 28730, 24838, 25065, 25051, 41, 26155, 27428, 28730, 11, 87, 26550, 26658, 37, 91, 25022, 24694, 24632, 18, 24665, 27588, 28461, 25508, 24595, 27030, 24595, 52, 24631, 78, 24662, 26475, 29556, 28875, 28559, 24595, 52, 24631, 78, 24662, 16, 28730 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
27268596
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventure%20in%20Diamonds
Adventure in Diamonds
Adventure in Diamonds is a 1940 American crime film directed by George Fitzmaurice and starring George Brent, Isa Miranda, John Loder and Nigel Bruce. It was also released under the alternative title of Diamonds are Dangerous. Critics noted similarities in the plot with Desire (1936) produced by the same studio, which had starred Marlene Dietrich. It was part of an attempt to build up Isa Miranda as a European star in the style of Dietrich and Greta Garbo. It was the second of two films Miranda made in Hollywood before returning to her native Italy. Plot summary Captain Stephen Dennett of the Royal Air Force is on board a passenger airliner en route to South Africa, when he meets the beautiful and glamorous Felice Falcon. He is unaware of the fact that Felice is an accomplished jewel thief, travelling with her partner in crime, Michael Barclay. The two of them have made a plan for a heist in the South African mines - stealing a shipment of diamonds and escaping unnoticed. The diamonds are already cached by one of Felice’s accomplices, but she needs a way to get into the restricted mine area without raising suspicion. That is where the unfortunate and clueless captain comes into the picture. Felice decides to use him for her own benefit, charming him to promise to get her into the forbidden area using his status as a military officer. The Captain isn’t that easily fooled though, and with his own agenda, he ends up with the stolen jewels himself. He decides to frame the two thieves, and makes contact with his acquaintance, the police commissioner Colonel J.W. Lansfield. He turns the jewels over to the Colonel, who has been set on catching Barclay for a long time, and he sets a trap with the diamond jewels. However, the plan backfires, and Felice is caught in the trap instead of Barclay. She is sentenced to prison, but is offered a parole by the Colonel if she agrees to help out catching a new ring of jewel thieves operating in the area. She is to pretend to be Stephen’s new wife, and the two of them are supposed to deliver the stolen jewels to the new gang. While they wait to be contacted by the gang, Felice and Stephen spend some quality time together, and Felice falls in love with Stephen for real. She decides to renounce her criminal past and start anew. When the gang eventually make contact, it turns out that the leader is Felice’s old accomplice Barclay, and their cover is instantly blown. They have to be rescued by the colonel and his men, but Felice is permanently out of prison and can start her new life with Stephen. Cast George Brent as Captain Dennett Isa Miranda as Felice Falcon John Loder as Michael Barclay Nigel Bruce as Colonel Lansfield Elizabeth Patterson as Nellie Matthew Boulton as Lloyd Rex Evans as Jimmy Cecil Kellaway as Emerson Walter Kingsford as Wakefield Ernest Truex as Toutasche Ralph Forbes as Mr. Perrins Genia Nikolaieva as Mrs. Perrins Charles Irwin as Nelson E.E. Clive as Mr. MacPherson Vera Lewis as Mrs. MacPherson Edward Gargan as Lou David Clyde as Bartender Rex Downing as Buttons Roger Gray as Sergeant at Airport Virginia Lee Corbin as Nightclub Woman References Bibliography Gundle, Stephen. Mussolini's Dream Factory: Film Stardom in Fascist Italy. Berghahn Books, 2013. External links 1940 films 1940 crime films American crime films Films directed by George Fitzmaurice Films scored by George Antheil Films set in South Africa Films with screenplays by Franz Schulz American black-and-white films Paramount Pictures films 1940s English-language films 1940s American films
[ "Ad", "venture", "in", "D", "iam", "ond", "s", "is", "a", "1940", "American", "crime", "film", "directed", "by", "George", "F", "itz", "ma", "ur", "ice", "and", "starring", "George", "Br", "ent", ",", "Is", "a", "Mir", "anda", ",", "John", "L", "od", "er", "and", "N", "ig", "el", "Bru", "ce", ".", "It", "was", "also", "released", "under", "the", "altern", "ative", "title", "of", "D", "iam", "ond", "s", "are", "D", "ang", "erous", ".", "Crit", "ics", "noted", "similar", "ities", "in", "the", "pl", "ot", "with", "Des", "ire", "(", "1936", ")", "produced", "by", "the", "same", "studio", ",", "which", "had", "starr", "ed", "Mar", "l", "ene", "D", "iet", "rich", ".", "It", "was", "part", "of", "an", "attempt", "to", "build", "up", "Is", "a", "Mir", "anda", "as", "a", "European", "star", "in", "the", "style", "of", "D", "iet", "rich", "and", "G", "ret", "a", "Gar", "bo", ".", "It", "was", "the", "second", "of", "two", "films", "Mir", "anda", "made", "in", "Holly", "wood", "before", "return", "ing", "to", "her", "native", "Italy", ".", "Pl", "ot", "sum", "m", "ary", "Captain", "Stephen", "D", "enn", "ett", "of", "the", "Royal", "Air", "Force", "is", "on", "board", "a", "pass", "enger", "air", "lin", "er", "en", "route", "to", "South", "Africa", ",", "when", "he", "me", "ets", "the", "be", "aut", "if", "ul", "and", "gl", "am", "or", "ous", "F", "el", "ice", "Fal", "con", ".", "He", "is", "un", "aw", "are", "of", "the", "fact", "that", "F", "el", "ice", "is", "an", "ac", "compl", "ished", "j", "ew", "el", "th", "ief", ",", "trav", "elling", "with", "her", "part", "ner", "in", "crime", ",", "Michael", "Bar", "cl", "ay", ".", "The", "two", "of", "them", "have", "made", "a", "plan", "for", "a", "he", "ist", "in", "the", "South", "African", "min", "es", "-", "ste", "aling", "a", "ship", "ment", "of", "d", "iam", "ond", "s", "and", "escap", "ing", "un", "not", "iced", ".", "The", "d", "iam", "ond", "s", "are", "already", "c", "ached", "by", "one", "of", "F", "el", "ice", "’", "s", "ac", "compl", "ices", ",", "but", "she", "ne", "eds", "a", "way", "to", "get", "into", "the", "rest", "ric", "ted", "m", "ine", "area", "without", "ra", "ising", "susp", "ic", "ion", ".", "That", "is", "where", "the", "un", "fort", "un", "ate", "and", "cl", "uel", "ess", "captain", "comes", "into", "the", "pict", "ure", ".", "F", "el", "ice", "dec", "ides", "to", "use", "him", "for", "her", "own", "bene", "fit", ",", "char", "ming", "him", "to", "prom", "ise", "to", "get", "her", "into", "the", "for", "b", "id", "den", "area", "using", "his", "status", "as", "a", "military", "officer", ".", "The", "Captain", "is", "n", "’", "t", "that", "e", "as", "ily", "f", "o", "ol", "ed", "though", ",", "and", "with", "his", "own", "ag", "end", "a", ",", "he", "ends", "up", "with", "the", "sto", "len", "j", "ew", "els", "himself", ".", "He", "dec", "ides", "to", "frame", "the", "two", "th", "ie", "ves", ",", "and", "makes", "cont", "act", "with", "his", "acqu", "aint", "ance", ",", "the", "police", "commission", "er", "Colon", "el", "J", ".", "W", ".", "L", "ans", "field", ".", "He", "turn", "s", "the", "j", "ew", "els", "over", "to", "the", "Colon", "el", ",", "who", "has", "been", "set", "on", "c", "atch", "ing", "Bar", "cl", "ay", "for", "a", "long", "time", ",", "and", "he", "sets", "a", "tr", "ap", "with", "the", "d", "iam", "ond", "j", "ew", "els", ".", "However", ",", "the", "plan", "back", "fir", "es", ",", "and", "F", "el", "ice", "is", "c", "aught", "in", "the", "tr", "ap", "instead", "of", "Bar", "cl", "ay", ".", "She", "is", "sent", "enced", "to", "prison", ",", "but", "is", "offered", "a", "par", "ole", "by", "the", "Colon", "el", "if", "she", "agre", "es", "to", "help", "out", "c", "atch", "ing", "a", "new", "ring", "of", "j", "ew", "el", "th", "ie", "ves", "operating", "in", "the", "area", ".", "She", "is", "to", "pret", "end", "to", "be", "Stephen", "’", "s", "new", "wife", ",", "and", "the", "two", "of", "them", "are", "sup", "posed", "to", "deliver", "the", "sto", "len", "j", "ew", "els", "to", "the", "new", "g", "ang", ".", "While", "they", "wa", "it", "to", "be", "cont", "acted", "by", "the", "g", "ang", ",", "F", "el", "ice", "and", "Stephen", "sp", "end", "some", "quality", "time", "together", ",", "and", "F", "el", "ice", "fall", "s", "in", "love", "with", "Stephen", "for", "real", ".", "She", "dec", "ides", "to", "ren", "oun", "ce", "her", "crimin", "al", "past", "and", "start", "an", "ew", ".", "When", "the", "g", "ang", "eventually", "make", "cont", "act", ",", "it", "turn", "s", "out", "that", "the", "leader", "is", "F", "el", "ice", "’", "s", "old", "ac", "compl", "ice", "Bar", "cl", "ay", ",", "and", "their", "cover", "is", "inst", "ant", "ly", "bl", "own", ".", "They", "have", "to", "be", "res", "cu", "ed", "by", "the", "colon", "el", "and", "his", "men", ",", "but", "F", "el", "ice", "is", "perman", "ently", "out", "of", "prison", "and", "can", "start", "her", "new", "life", "with", "Stephen", ".", "Cast", "George", "Br", "ent", "as", "Captain", "D", "enn", "ett", "Is", "a", "Mir", "anda", "as", "F", "el", "ice", "Fal", "con", "John", "L", "od", "er", "as", "Michael", "Bar", "cl", "ay", "N", "ig", "el", "Bru", "ce", "as", "Colon", "el", "L", "ans", "field", "Elizabeth", "P", "atter", "son", "as", "N", "ell", "ie", "Mat", "the", "w", "B", "oul", "ton", "as", "L", "loy", "d", "Re", "x", "Ev", "ans", "as", "Jim", "my", "C", "e", "cil", "K", "ell", "away", "as", "Em", "erson", "Walter", "K", "ings", "ford", "as", "W", "ake", "field", "Er", "n", "est", "Tr", "u", "ex", "as", "T", "out", "as", "che", "R", "al", "ph", "For", "bes", "as", "Mr", ".", "Per", "r", "ins", "Gen", "ia", "Nik", "ola", "ie", "va", "as", "Mr", "s", ".", "Per", "r", "ins", "Charles", "Ir", "win", "as", "N", "el", "son", "E", ".", "E", ".", "Cl", "ive", "as", "Mr", ".", "Mac", "Ph", "erson", "V", "era", "Lewis", "as", "Mr", "s", ".", "Mac", "Ph", "erson", "Edward", "Gar", "gan", "as", "Lou", "David", "C", "ly", "de", "as", "B", "art", "ender", "Re", "x", "Down", "ing", "as", "But", "ton", "s", "Rog", "er", "Gr", "ay", "as", "Ser", "ge", "ant", "at", "Airport", "Virginia", "Lee", "Cor", "bin", "as", "Night", "club", "W", "oman", "References", "Bibliography", "G", "und", "le", ",", "Stephen", ".", "M", "uss", "ol", "ini", "'", "s", "Dream", "F", "act", "ory", ":", "Film", "St", "ard", "om", "in", "F", "asc", "ist", "Italy", ".", "Ber", "gh", "ah", "n", "Books", ",", "2013", ".", "External", "links", "1940", "films", "1940", "crime", "films", "American", "crime", "films", "Films", "directed", "by", "George", "F", "itz", "ma", "ur", "ice", "Films", "scored", "by", "George", "An", "the", "il", "Films", "set", "in", "South", "Africa", "Films", "with", "screen", "plays", "by", "Fran", "z", "Sch", "ul", "z", "American", "black", "-", "and", "-", "white", "films", "Par", "amount", "Pict", "ures", "films", "194", "0s", "English", "-", "language", "films", "194", "0s", "American", "films" ]
[ 25266, 29693, 24581, 40, 25377, 25112, 87, 24593, 69, 27932, 24868, 29499, 24932, 26511, 24647, 26026, 42, 26503, 25853, 24615, 24811, 24596, 29641, 26026, 24980, 24609, 16, 25134, 69, 28445, 27605, 16, 25149, 48, 24694, 24582, 24596, 50, 24628, 24613, 29635, 24648, 18, 24805, 24625, 24762, 25385, 25016, 24585, 28246, 25077, 26063, 24595, 40, 25377, 25112, 87, 24686, 40, 24822, 27180, 18, 28814, 24930, 27869, 26473, 25082, 24581, 24585, 24659, 24643, 24651, 25864, 24792, 12, 28303, 13, 26073, 24647, 24585, 25515, 27500, 16, 24763, 24798, 27987, 24588, 24829, 80, 25410, 40, 25433, 27242, 18, 24805, 24625, 24791, 24595, 24583, 28039, 24601, 25323, 24772, 25134, 69, 28445, 27605, 24594, 69, 26085, 27482, 24581, 24585, 25698, 24595, 40, 25433, 27242, 24596, 43, 25055, 69, 27399, 24807, 18, 24805, 24625, 24585, 25179, 24595, 24907, 25477, 28445, 27605, 25167, 24581, 29977, 25917, 25327, 25534, 24599, 24601, 24803, 28494, 27086, 18, 25123, 24643, 27198, 81, 24713, 28893, 29448, 40, 25187, 26573, 24595, 24585, 26094, 25586, 27110, 24593, 24584, 26107, 69, 25565, 28508, 24911, 24823, 24582, 24587, 27895, 24601, 25236, 26665, 16, 25091, 24607, 24885, 25525, 24585, 24636, 26505, 24692, 24649, 24596, 25722, 24611, 24586, 24797, 42, 24613, 24811, 29631, 24652, 18, 24736, 24593, 24631, 24766, 24686, 24595, 24585, 25691, 24682, 42, 24613, 24811, 24593, 24583, 24616, 28479, 25814, 78, 24774, 24613, 24580, 25564, 16, 26618, 27176, 24651, 24803, 24791, 25651, 24581, 29499, 16, 26605, 25497, 24691, 24632, 18, 24627, 24907, 24595, 25154, 24920, 25167, 69, 26874, 24618, 69, 24607, 24641, 24581, 24585, 25236, 26301, 24931, 24589, 17, 25541, 29509, 69, 24929, 24718, 24595, 72, 25377, 25112, 87, 24596, 28843, 24599, 24631, 24809, 29138, 18, 24627, 72, 25377, 25112, 87, 24686, 28103, 71, 29792, 24647, 24748, 24595, 42, 24613, 24811, 4998, 87, 24616, 28479, 25511, 16, 24835, 24971, 24687, 26311, 69, 24968, 24601, 25978, 25000, 24585, 25448, 25429, 24826, 81, 24734, 25450, 26443, 24840, 26388, 29120, 24597, 24602, 18, 27910, 24593, 25072, 24585, 24631, 26683, 24631, 24688, 24596, 24691, 26103, 24676, 29279, 27130, 25000, 24585, 29633, 24794, 18, 42, 24613, 24811, 25438, 25815, 24601, 25043, 25047, 24618, 24803, 24781, 28243, 28066, 16, 25316, 26352, 25047, 24601, 25810, 25279, 24601, 25978, 24803, 25000, 24585, 24618, 70, 24630, 25848, 25450, 25916, 24684, 28259, 24594, 69, 26280, 27837, 18, 24627, 28893, 24593, 82, 4998, 88, 24682, 73, 24594, 25038, 74, 83, 24612, 24588, 25365, 16, 24596, 24651, 24684, 24781, 24638, 24725, 69, 16, 24607, 26949, 24772, 24651, 24585, 27069, 29110, 78, 24774, 25354, 26821, 18, 24736, 25438, 25815, 24601, 29725, 24585, 24907, 24580, 24716, 26048, 16, 24596, 28787, 25062, 24756, 24651, 24684, 26501, 26336, 24985, 16, 24585, 27135, 27428, 24582, 28615, 24613, 46, 18, 59, 18, 48, 24841, 25401, 18, 24736, 26145, 87, 24585, 78, 24774, 25354, 24752, 24601, 24585, 28615, 24613, 16, 24831, 24808, 24948, 25139, 24584, 71, 25229, 24599, 25497, 24691, 24632, 24618, 69, 25444, 24978, 16, 24596, 24607, 28472, 69, 24664, 24654, 24651, 24585, 72, 25377, 25112, 78, 24774, 25354, 18, 25805, 16, 24585, 26874, 25152, 24787, 24589, 16, 24596, 42, 24613, 24811, 24593, 71, 27836, 24581, 24585, 24664, 24654, 27520, 24595, 25497, 24691, 24632, 18, 25079, 24593, 26171, 27150, 24601, 26990, 16, 24835, 24593, 28610, 69, 25041, 26578, 24647, 24585, 28615, 24613, 24692, 24971, 27747, 24589, 24601, 26709, 24767, 71, 25229, 24599, 69, 24983, 27821, 24595, 78, 24774, 24613, 24580, 24716, 26048, 29260, 24581, 24585, 25450, 18, 25079, 24593, 24601, 29664, 24725, 24601, 24636, 29448, 4998, 87, 24983, 26512, 16, 24596, 24585, 24907, 24595, 25154, 24686, 25263, 26267, 24601, 28493, 24585, 27069, 29110, 78, 24774, 25354, 24601, 24585, 24983, 75, 24822, 18, 26751, 25002, 26965, 24598, 24601, 24636, 25062, 27921, 24647, 24585, 75, 24822, 16, 42, 24613, 24811, 24596, 29448, 24878, 24725, 25191, 28715, 24978, 26577, 16, 24596, 42, 24613, 24811, 26536, 87, 24581, 28043, 24651, 29448, 24618, 26169, 18, 25079, 25438, 25815, 24601, 26183, 24661, 24648, 24803, 28365, 24591, 27332, 24596, 25457, 24583, 24774, 18, 26098, 24585, 75, 24822, 27235, 26127, 25062, 24756, 16, 24598, 26145, 87, 24767, 24682, 24585, 27406, 24593, 42, 24613, 24811, 4998, 87, 24867, 24616, 28479, 24811, 25497, 24691, 24632, 16, 24596, 24862, 25445, 24593, 26802, 24738, 24633, 25237, 24781, 18, 25594, 24920, 24601, 24636, 24753, 26687, 24588, 24647, 24585, 27916, 24613, 24596, 24684, 25203, 16, 24835, 42, 24613, 24811, 24593, 29339, 25576, 24767, 24595, 26990, 24596, 24995, 25457, 24803, 24983, 25372, 24651, 29448, 18, 26502, 26026, 24980, 24609, 24594, 28893, 40, 25187, 26573, 25134, 69, 28445, 27605, 24594, 42, 24613, 24811, 29631, 24652, 25149, 48, 24694, 24582, 24594, 26605, 25497, 24691, 24632, 50, 24628, 24613, 29635, 24648, 24594, 28615, 24613, 48, 24841, 25401, 28771, 52, 26130, 24951, 24594, 50, 24731, 24716, 27118, 24585, 91, 38, 26786, 24915, 24594, 48, 29793, 72, 24693, 92, 27156, 24841, 24594, 27547, 25148, 39, 73, 25669, 47, 24731, 26630, 24594, 25971, 25170, 29682, 47, 24939, 25579, 24594, 59, 25019, 25401, 26509, 82, 24655, 25024, 89, 24707, 24594, 56, 24767, 24594, 25697, 54, 24591, 24844, 25056, 29265, 24594, 27082, 18, 25768, 86, 25080, 25516, 24677, 29739, 27002, 24716, 27444, 24594, 27082, 87, 18, 25768, 86, 25080, 26500, 26287, 25857, 24594, 50, 24613, 24951, 41, 18, 41, 18, 25046, 24723, 24594, 27082, 18, 26365, 25218, 25170, 58, 26268, 29460, 24594, 27082, 87, 18, 26365, 25218, 25170, 27707, 27399, 24973, 24594, 26149, 26148, 39, 24633, 24650, 24594, 38, 24673, 26815, 24693, 92, 28777, 24599, 24594, 26885, 24915, 87, 28425, 24582, 25014, 24632, 24594, 25321, 24721, 24738, 24590, 28846, 27025, 27568, 25749, 29530, 24594, 28360, 25559, 59, 25460, 24838, 29100, 43, 25324, 24604, 16, 29448, 18, 49, 25231, 24612, 26897, 11, 87, 29997, 42, 24756, 24817, 30, 25716, 24709, 24695, 24605, 24581, 42, 29026, 24641, 27086, 18, 25845, 24743, 24966, 82, 28619, 16, 25578, 18, 25065, 25051, 27932, 25477, 27932, 29499, 25477, 24868, 29499, 25477, 27019, 26511, 24647, 26026, 42, 26503, 25853, 24615, 24811, 27019, 27116, 24647, 26026, 24800, 24585, 24608, 27019, 25139, 24581, 25236, 26665, 27019, 24651, 27567, 27153, 24647, 25146, 94, 25790, 24649, 94, 24868, 26776, 17, 24596, 17, 26711, 25477, 25251, 28901, 29900, 25224, 25477, 24987, 25219, 25407, 17, 25996, 25477, 24987, 25219, 24868, 25477 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
12374310
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year%27s%20Best%20SF%203
Year's Best SF 3
Year's Best SF 3 is a science fiction anthology, edited by David G. Hartwell, that was published in 1998. It is the third in the Year's Best SF series. Contents The book itself, as well as each of the stories, has a short introduction by the editor. Gene Wolfe: "Petting Zoo" (First published in Dinosaur Fantastic II, 1997) Michael Swanwick: "The Wisdom of Old Earth" (First published in Asimov's, 1997) Jack Williamson: "The Firefly Tree" (First published in Science Fiction Age, 1997) William Gibson: "Thirteen Views of a Cardboard City" (First published in New Worlds, 1996) S. N. Dyer: "The Nostalginauts" (First published in Asimov's, 1996) John C. Wright: "Guest Law" (First published in Asimov's, 1997) Gregory Benford: "The Voice" (First published in Science Fiction Age, 1997) Greg Egan: "Yeyuka" (First published in Meanjin, 1997) Terry Bisson: "An Office Romance" (First published in Playboy, 1997) James Patrick Kelly: "Itsy Bitsy Spider" (First published in Asimov's, 1997) Robert Silverberg: "Beauty in the Night" (First published in Science Fiction Age, 1997) Ray Bradbury: "Mr. Pale" (First published in Driving Blind, 1997) Brian Stableford: "The Pipes of Pan" (First published in F&SF, 1997) Nancy Kress: "Always True to Thee, in My Fashion" (First published in Asimov's, 1997) Tom Purdom: "Canary Land" (First published in Asimov's, 1997) Tom Cool: "Universal Emulators" (First published in F&SF, 1997) R. Garcia y Robertson: "Fair Verona" (First published in Asimov's, 1997) Kim Newman: "Great Western" (First published in New Worlds, 1997) Geoffrey A. Landis: "Turnover" (First published in Interzone, 1998) Paul Levinson: "The Mendelian Lamp Case" (First published in Analog, 1997) Katherine MacLean: "Kiss Me" (First published in Analog, 1997) Michael Moorcock: "London Bone" (First published in New Worlds, 1997) External links 1998 anthologies Year's Best SF anthology series 1990s science fiction works
[ "Year", "'", "s", "Best", "S", "F", "3", "is", "a", "science", "fiction", "anth", "ology", ",", "ed", "ited", "by", "David", "G", ".", "Hart", "well", ",", "that", "was", "published", "in", "1998", ".", "It", "is", "the", "third", "in", "the", "Year", "'", "s", "Best", "S", "F", "series", ".", "Con", "t", "ents", "The", "book", "itself", ",", "as", "well", "as", "each", "of", "the", "stories", ",", "has", "a", "short", "introdu", "ction", "by", "the", "editor", ".", "G", "ene", "W", "ol", "fe", ":", "\"", "Pet", "ting", "Z", "oo", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "D", "in", "os", "aur", "F", "ant", "astic", "II", ",", "1997", ")", "Michael", "Sw", "an", "wick", ":", "\"", "The", "Wis", "dom", "of", "Old", "Earth", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "As", "im", "ov", "'", "s", ",", "1997", ")", "Jack", "William", "son", ":", "\"", "The", "Fire", "fly", "T", "ree", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "Science", "F", "iction", "A", "ge", ",", "1997", ")", "William", "G", "ib", "son", ":", "\"", "Th", "ir", "teen", "V", "iew", "s", "of", "a", "Card", "board", "City", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "New", "World", "s", ",", "1996", ")", "S", ".", "N", ".", "D", "yer", ":", "\"", "The", "N", "ost", "al", "g", "ina", "ut", "s", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "As", "im", "ov", "'", "s", ",", "1996", ")", "John", "C", ".", "W", "right", ":", "\"", "Gu", "est", "Law", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "As", "im", "ov", "'", "s", ",", "1997", ")", "Greg", "ory", "Ben", "ford", ":", "\"", "The", "Vo", "ice", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "Science", "F", "iction", "A", "ge", ",", "1997", ")", "Greg", "E", "gan", ":", "\"", "Y", "ey", "uk", "a", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "Me", "an", "j", "in", ",", "1997", ")", "Ter", "ry", "B", "iss", "on", ":", "\"", "An", "Office", "Rom", "ance", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "Play", "boy", ",", "1997", ")", "James", "Pat", "rick", "Kel", "ly", ":", "\"", "Its", "y", "B", "its", "y", "Sp", "ider", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "As", "im", "ov", "'", "s", ",", "1997", ")", "Robert", "Sil", "ver", "berg", ":", "\"", "Be", "aut", "y", "in", "the", "Night", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "Science", "F", "iction", "A", "ge", ",", "1997", ")", "Ray", "Brad", "bury", ":", "\"", "Mr", ".", "P", "ale", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "Dr", "iving", "B", "lin", "d", ",", "1997", ")", "Brian", "St", "able", "ford", ":", "\"", "The", "P", "ip", "es", "of", "Pan", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "F", "&", "S", "F", ",", "1997", ")", "N", "ancy", "Kr", "ess", ":", "\"", "Al", "ways", "Tr", "ue", "to", "The", "e", ",", "in", "My", "F", "ashion", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "As", "im", "ov", "'", "s", ",", "1997", ")", "Tom", "Pur", "dom", ":", "\"", "Can", "ary", "Land", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "As", "im", "ov", "'", "s", ",", "1997", ")", "Tom", "Co", "ol", ":", "\"", "Univers", "al", "Em", "ul", "ators", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "F", "&", "S", "F", ",", "1997", ")", "R", ".", "Gar", "c", "ia", "y", "Rober", "ts", "on", ":", "\"", "Fair", "Ver", "ona", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "As", "im", "ov", "'", "s", ",", "1997", ")", "Kim", "New", "man", ":", "\"", "Great", "Western", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "New", "World", "s", ",", "1997", ")", "Ge", "off", "rey", "A", ".", "Land", "is", ":", "\"", "Turn", "over", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "Inter", "z", "one", ",", "1998", ")", "Paul", "Le", "vin", "son", ":", "\"", "The", "M", "end", "el", "ian", "L", "amp", "C", "ase", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "An", "al", "og", ",", "1997", ")", "K", "ather", "ine", "Mac", "Le", "an", ":", "\"", "K", "iss", "Me", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "An", "al", "og", ",", "1997", ")", "Michael", "Mo", "or", "c", "ock", ":", "\"", "London", "B", "one", "\"", "(", "First", "published", "in", "New", "World", "s", ",", "1997", ")", "External", "links", "1998", "anth", "olog", "ies", "Year", "'", "s", "Best", "S", "F", "anth", "ology", "series", "1990s", "science", "fiction", "works" ]
[ 26099, 11, 87, 26279, 55, 42, 23, 24593, 69, 27695, 28159, 27905, 25427, 16, 24588, 24863, 24647, 26148, 43, 18, 29567, 25173, 16, 24682, 24625, 25728, 24581, 26167, 18, 24805, 24593, 24585, 25859, 24581, 24585, 26099, 11, 87, 26279, 55, 42, 25268, 18, 24924, 88, 24883, 24627, 25756, 27892, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 25703, 24595, 24585, 28795, 16, 24808, 69, 25903, 26335, 24768, 24647, 24585, 27799, 18, 43, 25410, 59, 24612, 24828, 30, 6, 27439, 25737, 62, 27340, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 40, 24581, 24674, 26798, 42, 24738, 29105, 25205, 16, 26252, 13, 26605, 25504, 24583, 29053, 30, 6, 24627, 28228, 25784, 24595, 27213, 28525, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24906, 24634, 24658, 11, 87, 16, 26252, 13, 27582, 25643, 24951, 30, 6, 24627, 29078, 29410, 56, 24846, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 27300, 42, 26289, 37, 24721, 16, 26252, 13, 25643, 43, 24751, 24951, 30, 6, 24824, 24624, 26796, 58, 25235, 87, 24595, 69, 28245, 26107, 25440, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24871, 25166, 87, 16, 26234, 13, 55, 18, 50, 18, 40, 27737, 30, 6, 24627, 50, 24764, 24591, 75, 25110, 24660, 87, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24906, 24634, 24658, 11, 87, 16, 26234, 13, 25149, 39, 18, 59, 25459, 30, 6, 25409, 24655, 26347, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24906, 24634, 24658, 11, 87, 16, 26252, 13, 29005, 24817, 26593, 25579, 30, 6, 24627, 28051, 24811, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 27300, 42, 26289, 37, 24721, 16, 26252, 13, 29005, 41, 24973, 30, 6, 61, 28062, 25797, 69, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 25443, 24583, 78, 24581, 16, 26252, 13, 26372, 25064, 38, 24897, 24584, 30, 6, 24800, 28201, 29211, 24985, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 26390, 28220, 16, 26252, 13, 26033, 26292, 28501, 29025, 24633, 30, 6, 27128, 93, 38, 24783, 93, 25175, 27931, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24906, 24634, 24658, 11, 87, 16, 26252, 13, 26374, 27137, 24735, 26562, 30, 6, 25133, 26505, 93, 24581, 24585, 28360, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 27300, 42, 26289, 37, 24721, 16, 26252, 13, 28171, 29377, 27769, 30, 6, 27082, 18, 52, 24988, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 25471, 25113, 38, 24823, 72, 16, 26252, 13, 29813, 24709, 24914, 25579, 30, 6, 24627, 52, 24696, 24589, 24595, 26596, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 42, 10, 55, 42, 16, 26252, 13, 50, 29240, 26918, 24676, 30, 6, 24788, 26308, 25024, 24802, 24601, 24627, 73, 16, 24581, 26158, 42, 29938, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24906, 24634, 24658, 11, 87, 16, 26252, 13, 26643, 29172, 25784, 30, 6, 25189, 24713, 26934, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24906, 24634, 24658, 11, 87, 16, 26252, 13, 26643, 25287, 24612, 30, 6, 28194, 24591, 25971, 24649, 26323, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 42, 10, 55, 42, 16, 26252, 13, 54, 18, 27399, 71, 24677, 93, 29569, 24704, 24584, 30, 6, 28879, 26670, 26759, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24906, 24634, 24658, 11, 87, 16, 26252, 13, 28796, 24871, 24710, 30, 6, 26604, 26551, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24871, 25166, 87, 16, 26252, 13, 25223, 24894, 26806, 37, 18, 26934, 24593, 30, 6, 29640, 24752, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 26620, 94, 24748, 16, 26167, 13, 26108, 24843, 27671, 24951, 30, 6, 24627, 49, 24725, 24613, 24669, 48, 24832, 39, 24963, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24800, 24591, 24776, 16, 26252, 13, 47, 25376, 24734, 26365, 24843, 24583, 30, 6, 47, 24897, 25443, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24800, 24591, 24776, 16, 26252, 13, 26605, 25721, 24586, 71, 25467, 30, 6, 25712, 38, 24748, 6, 12, 26204, 25728, 24581, 24871, 25166, 87, 16, 26252, 13, 25065, 25051, 26167, 27905, 25029, 24675, 26099, 11, 87, 26279, 55, 42, 27905, 25427, 25268, 28371, 27695, 28159, 25994 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
24026113
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeso%2C%20New%20Mexico
Yeso, New Mexico
Yeso is an unincorporated desert village in De Baca County, New Mexico, United States, located along U.S. Route 60 west of Fort Sumner. The post office serving zip code 88136 is the only business or service in Yeso; there are also perhaps a half dozen houses. History Yeso was laid out in 1906 when the railroad was extended to that point. The community took its name from nearby Yeso Creek. The post office has been in operation at Yeso since 1909. References Unincorporated communities in De Baca County, New Mexico Unincorporated communities in New Mexico
[ "Y", "es", "o", "is", "an", "un", "incorporated", "des", "ert", "village", "in", "De", "Bac", "a", "County", ",", "New", "Mexico", ",", "United", "States", ",", "located", "along", "U", ".", "S", ".", "Route", "60", "west", "of", "Fort", "Sum", "ner", ".", "The", "post", "office", "serving", "z", "ip", "code", "88", "13", "6", "is", "the", "only", "business", "or", "service", "in", "Y", "es", "o", ";", "there", "are", "also", "per", "h", "aps", "a", "half", "do", "z", "en", "houses", ".", "History", "Y", "es", "o", "was", "l", "aid", "out", "in", "190", "6", "when", "the", "rail", "road", "was", "extended", "to", "that", "point", ".", "The", "community", "took", "its", "name", "from", "nearby", "Y", "es", "o", "Creek", ".", "The", "post", "office", "has", "been", "in", "operation", "at", "Y", "es", "o", "since", "1909", ".", "References", "Un", "incorporated", "communities", "in", "De", "Bac", "a", "County", ",", "New", "Mexico", "Un", "incorporated", "communities", "in", "New", "Mexico" ]
[ 61, 24589, 83, 24593, 24583, 24631, 28463, 24893, 27465, 25879, 24581, 24821, 29293, 69, 25239, 16, 24871, 27113, 16, 24994, 25131, 16, 25616, 25635, 57, 18, 55, 18, 28630, 26366, 25820, 24595, 27743, 29266, 25651, 18, 24627, 25890, 26673, 27880, 94, 24696, 29155, 28067, 25143, 26, 24593, 24585, 25089, 26045, 24586, 25993, 24581, 61, 24589, 83, 31, 25201, 24686, 24762, 24726, 76, 27152, 69, 26202, 25161, 94, 24587, 28149, 18, 25592, 61, 24589, 83, 24625, 80, 25282, 24767, 24581, 25454, 26, 25091, 24585, 26031, 25283, 24625, 28747, 24601, 24682, 25992, 18, 24627, 26248, 25676, 24783, 25364, 24672, 28852, 61, 24589, 83, 28370, 18, 24627, 25890, 26673, 24808, 24948, 24581, 27719, 24590, 61, 24589, 83, 25570, 29974, 18, 24838, 24739, 28463, 28358, 24581, 24821, 29293, 69, 25239, 16, 24871, 27113, 24739, 28463, 28358, 24581, 24871, 27113 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
66872069
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhabdochaeta%20obsoleta
Rhabdochaeta obsoleta
Rhabdochaeta obsoleta is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Rhabdochaeta of the family Tephritidae. Distribution Ethiopia. References Tephritinae Insects described in 1924 Taxa named by Mario Bezzi Diptera of Africa
[ "R", "hab", "do", "ch", "a", "et", "a", "ob", "so", "let", "a", "is", "a", "species", "of", "te", "ph", "rit", "id", "or", "fr", "uit", "fl", "ies", "in", "the", "genus", "R", "hab", "do", "ch", "a", "et", "a", "of", "the", "family", "Te", "ph", "rit", "idae", ".", "D", "istr", "ibution", "Eth", "i", "op", "ia", ".", "References", "Te", "ph", "rit", "ina", "e", "In", "se", "cts", "described", "in", "1924", "Tax", "a", "named", "by", "Mar", "io", "Be", "z", "z", "i", "D", "ip", "ter", "a", "of", "Africa" ]
[ 54, 26613, 25161, 24610, 69, 24645, 69, 24870, 25165, 25171, 69, 24593, 69, 25752, 24595, 24680, 24844, 24773, 24630, 24586, 24653, 29356, 24949, 24675, 24581, 24585, 27716, 54, 26613, 25161, 24610, 69, 24645, 69, 24595, 24585, 25334, 25431, 24844, 24773, 26724, 18, 40, 24901, 27246, 29538, 77, 24644, 24677, 18, 24838, 25431, 24844, 24773, 25110, 73, 24657, 24620, 26396, 25896, 24581, 28937, 28478, 69, 25533, 24647, 24829, 24860, 25133, 94, 94, 77, 40, 24696, 24621, 69, 24595, 26665 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
18973788
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dash
Dash
The dash is a punctuation mark consisting of a long horizontal line. It is similar in appearance to the hyphen but is longer and sometimes higher from the baseline. The most common versions are the endash , generally longer than the hyphen but shorter than the minus sign; the emdash , longer than either the en dash or the minus sign; and the horizontalbar , whose length varies across typefaces but tends to be between those of the en and em dashes. History In the early 17th century, in Okes-printed plays of William Shakespeare, dashes are attested that indicate a thinking pause, interruption, mid-speech realization, or change of subject. The dashes are variously longer (as in King Lear reprinted 1619) or composed of hyphens (as in Othello printed 1622); moreover, the dashes are often, but not always, prefixed by a comma, colon, or semicolon. In 1733, in Jonathan Swift's On Poetry, the terms break and dash are attested for and marks: Blot out, correct, insert, refine, Enlarge, diminish, interline; Be mindful, when Invention fails; To scratch your Head, and bite your Nails. Your poem finish'd, next your Care Is needful, to transcribe it fair. In modern Wit all printed Trash, is Set off with num'rous Breaks⸺and Dashes— Types of dash Usage varies both within English and within other languages, but the usual conventions for the most common dashes in printed English text are these: An (unspaced) em dash or a spaced en dash can be used to mark a break in a sentence, and a pair can be used to set off a parenthetical statement. For example: An en dash, but not an em dash, indicates spans or differentiation, where it may replace "and", "to", or "through". For example: An em dash or horizontal bar, but not an en dash, is used to set off the source of a direct quotation. For example: A horizontal bar (also called quotation dash) or the em dash, but not the en dash, introduces quoted text. In informal contexts, a hyphen-minus () is often used as a substitute for an endash, as is a pair of hyphen-minuses () for an emdash, because the hyphen-minus symbol is readily available on most keyboards. The autocorrection facility of word-processing software often corrects these to the typographically correct form of dash. Figure dash The figure dash () has the same width as a numerical digit. (Most fonts have digits of equal width.) It is used within numbers such as the phone number 555‒0199, especially in columns so as to maintain alignment. In contrast, the en dash () is generally used for a range of values. The minus sign () glyph is generally set a little higher, so as to be level with the horizontal bar of the plus sign. In informal usage, the hyphen-minus (), provided as standard on most keyboards, is often used instead of the figure dash. In TeX, the standard fonts have no figure dash; however, the digits normally all have the same width as the en dash, so an en dash can be a substitution for the figure dash. In XeLaTeX, one can use \char"2012. The Linux Libertine font also has the figure dash glyph. En dash The en dash, en rule, or nut dash is traditionally half the width of an em dash. In modern fonts, the length of the en dash is not standardized, and the en dash is often more than half the width of the em dash. The widths of en and em dashes have also been specified as being equal to those of the upper-case letters N and M, respectively, and at other times to the widths of the lower-case letters. Usage The three main uses of the en dash are to connect symmetric items, such as the two ends of a range or two competitors or alternatives to contrast values or illustrate a relationship between two things to compound attributes, where one of the connected items is itself a compound Ranges of values The en dash is commonly used to indicate a closed range of valuesa range with clearly defined and finite upper and lower boundariesroughly signifying what might otherwise be communicated by the word "through" in American English, or "to" in International English. This may include ranges such as those between dates, times, or numbers. Various style guides restrict this range indication style to only parenthetical or tabular matter, requiring "to" or "through" in running text. Preference for hyphen vs. en dash in ranges varies. For example, the APA style (named after the American Psychological Association) uses an en dash in ranges, but the AMA style (named after the American Medical Association) uses a hyphen: Some style guides (including the Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) and the AMA Manual of Style) recommend that, when a number range might be misconstrued as subtraction, the word "to" should be used instead of an en dash. For example, "a voltage of 50 V to 100 V" is preferable to using "a voltage of 50–100 V". Relatedly, in ranges that include negative numbers, "to" is used to avoid ambiguity or awkwardness (for example, "temperatures ranged from −18°C to −34°C"). It is also considered poor style (best avoided) to use the en dash in place of the words "to" or "and" in phrases that follow the forms from X to Y and between X and Y. Relationships and connections The en dash is used to contrast values or illustrate a relationship between two things. Examples of this usage include: Australia beat American Samoa 31–0. Radical–Unionist coalition Boston–Hartford route New York–London flight (however, it may be argued that New York–to-London flight is more appropriate because New York is a single name composed of two valid words; with a single en dash, the phrase is ambiguous and could mean either Flight from New York to London or New flight from York to London; such ambiguity is assuaged when used mid-sentence, though, because of the capital N in "New" indicating it is a special noun). If dash–hyphen use becomes too unwieldy or difficult to understand, the sentence can be rephrased for clarity and readability; for example, "The flight from New York to London was a pleasant experience". Mother–daughter relationship The Supreme Court voted 5–4 to uphold the decision. A distinction is often made between "simple" attributive compounds (written with a hyphen) and other subtypes (written with an en dash); at least one authority considers name pairs, where the paired elements carry equal weight, as in the Taft–Hartley Act to be "simple", while others consider an en dash appropriate in instances such as these to represent the parallel relationship, as in the McCain–Feingold bill or Bose–Einstein statistics. When an act of the U.S. Congress is named using the surnames of the senator and representative who sponsored it, the hyphen-minus is used in the short title; thus, the short title of Public Law 111–203 is "The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act", with a hyphen-minus rather than an en dash between "Dodd" and "Frank". However, there is a difference between something named for a parallel/coordinate relationship between two people for example, Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein and something named for a single person who had a compound surname, which may be written with a hyphen or a space but not an en dashfor example, the Lennard-Jones potential [hyphen] is named after one person (John Lennard-Jones), as are Bence Jones proteins and Hughlings Jackson syndrome. Copyeditors use dictionaries (general, medical, biographical, and geographical) to confirm the eponymity (and thus the styling) for specific terms, given that no one can know them all offhand. Preference for an en dash instead of a hyphen in these coordinate/relationship/connection types of terms is a matter of style, not inherent orthographic "correctness"; both are equally "correct", and each is the preferred style in some style guides. For example, the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, the AMA Manual of Style, and Dorland's medical reference works use hyphens, not en dashes, in coordinate terms (such as "blood-brain barrier"), in eponyms (such as "Cheyne-Stokes respiration", "Kaplan-Meier method"), and so on. Attributive compounds In English, the en dash is usually used instead of a hyphen in compound (phrasal) attributives in which one or both elements is itself a compound, especially when the compound element is an open compound, meaning it is not itself hyphenated. This manner of usage may include such examples as: The hospital–nursing home connection (the connection between the hospital and the nursing home, not a home connection between the hospital and nursing) A nursing home–home care policy (a policy about the nursing home and home care) Pre–Civil War era Pulitzer Prize–winning novel New York–style pizza The non–San Francisco part of the world The post–World War II era (Compare post-war era, which, if not fully compounded (postwar), takes a hyphen, not an en dash. The difference is that war is not an open compound, whereas World War II is.) Trans–New Guinea languages The ex–prime minister a long–focal length camera water ice–based bedrock The pro-conscription–anti-conscription debate Public-school–private-school rivalries The disambiguating value of the en dash in these patterns was illustrated by Strunk and White in The Elements of Style with the following example: When Chattanooga News and Chattanooga Free Press merged, the joint company was inaptly named Chattanooga News-Free Press (using a hyphen), which could be interpreted as meaning that their newspapers were news-free. An exception to the use of en dashes is usually made when prefixing an already-hyphenated compound; an en dash is generally avoided as a distraction in this case. Examples of this include: non-English-speaking air traffic controllers semi-labor-intensive industries Proto-Indo-European language The post-MS-DOS era non-government-owned corporations An en dash can be retained to avoid ambiguity, but whether any ambiguity is plausible is a judgment call. AMA style retains the en dashes in the following examples: non–self-governing non–English-language journals non–group-specific blood non–Q-wave myocardial infarction non–brain-injured subjects Differing recommendations As discussed above, the en dash is sometimes recommended instead of a hyphen in compound adjectives where neither part of the adjective modifies the other—that is, when each modifies the noun, as in love–hate relationship. The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS), however, limits the use of the en dash to two main purposes: First, use it to indicate ranges of time, money, or other amounts, or in certain other cases where it replaces the word "to". Second, use it in place of a hyphen in a compound adjective when one of the elements of the adjective is an open compound, or when two or more of its elements are compounds, open or hyphenated. That is, the CMOS favors hyphens in instances where some other guides suggest en dashes, with the 16th edition explaining that "Chicago's sense of the en dash does not extend to between", to rule out its use in "US–Canadian relations". In these two uses, en dashes normally do not have spaces around them. Some make an exception when they believe avoiding spaces may cause confusion or look odd. For example, compare with . However, other authorities disagree and state there should be no space between an en dash and adjacent text. These authorities would not use a space in, for example, or . Parenthetic and other uses at the sentence level En dashes can be used instead of pairs of commas that mark off a nested clause or phrase. They can also be used around parenthetical expressions such as this one rather than the em dashes preferred by some publishers. The en dash can also signify a rhetorical pause. For example, an opinion piece from The Guardian is entitled: Who is to blame for the sweltering weather? My kids say it's boomersand me In these situations, en dashes must have a single space on each side. Itemization mark Either the en dash or the em dash may be used as a bullet at the start of each item in a bulleted list. (This is a matter of graphic design rather than orthography.) Typography Spacing In most uses of en dashes, such as when used in indicating ranges, they are closed up to the joined words. It is only when en dashes are used in setting off parenthetical expressionssuch as this onethat they take spaces around them. For more on the choice of em versus en in this context, see En dash versus em dash. Encoding and substitution When an en dash is unavailable in a particular character encoding environment—as in the ASCII character set—there are some conventional substitutions. Often two consecutive hyphens are the substitute. The en dash is encoded in Unicode as U+2013 (decimal 8211) and represented in HTML by the named character entity –. The en dash is sometimes used as a substitute for the minus sign, when the minus sign character is not available since the en dash is usually the same width as a plus sign and is often available when the minus sign is not; see below. For example, the original 8-bit Macintosh Character Set had an en dash, useful for the minus sign, years before Unicode with a dedicated minus sign was available. The hyphen-minus is usually too narrow to make a typographically acceptable minus sign. However, the en dash cannot be used for a minus sign in programming languages because the syntax usually requires a hyphen-minus. Em dash The em dash, em rule, or mutton dash is longer than an en dash. The character is called an em dash because it is one em wide, a length that varies depending on the font size. One em is the same length as the font's height (which is typically measured in points). So in 9-point type, an em dash is nine points wide, while in 24-point type the em dash is 24 points wide. By comparison, the en dash, with its width, is in most fonts either a half-em wide or the width of an upper-case "N". The em dash is encoded in Unicode as U+2014 (decimal 8212) and represented in HTML by the named character entity —. Usage The em dash is used in several ways. It is primarily used in places where a set of parentheses or a colon might otherwise be used, and it can also show an abrupt change in thought (or an interruption in speech) or be used where a full stop (period) is too strong and a comma is too weak. Em dashes are also used to set off summaries or definitions. Common uses and definitions are cited below with examples. Colon-like use Simple equivalence (or near-equivalence) of colon and em dash Three alkali metals are the usual substituents: sodium, potassium, and lithium. Three alkali metals are the usual substituents—sodium, potassium, and lithium. Inversion of the function of a colon These are the colors of the flag: red, white, and blue. Red, white, and blue—these are the colors of the flag. Parenthesis-like use Simple equivalence (or near-equivalence) of paired parenthetical marks Compare parentheses with em dashes: Three alkali metals (sodium, potassium, and lithium) are the usual substituents. Three alkali metals—sodium, potassium, and lithium—are the usual substituents. Compare commas, em dashes and parentheses (respectively) when no internal commas intervene: The food, which was delicious, reminded me of home. The food—which was delicious—reminded me of home. The food (which was delicious) reminded me of home. Subtle differences in punctuation It may indicate an interpolation stronger than that demarcated by parentheses, as in the following from Nicholson Baker's The Mezzanine (the degree of difference is subjective). "At that age I once stabbed my best friend, Fred, with a pair of pinking shears in the base of the neck, enraged because he had been given the comprehensive sixty-four-crayon Crayola box—including the gold and silver crayons—and would not let me look closely at the box to see how Crayola had stabilized the built-in crayon sharpener under the tiers of crayons." Interruption of a speaker Interruption by someone else "But I'm trying to explain that I—" "I'm aware of your mitigating circumstances, but your negative attitude was excessive." In a related use, it may visually indicate the shift between speakers when they overlap in speech. For example, the em dash is used this way in Joseph Heller's Catch-22: He was Cain, Ulysses, the Flying Dutchman; he was Lot in Sodom, Deirdre of the Sorrows, Sweeney in the nightingales among trees. He was the miracle ingredient Z-147. He was— "Crazy!" Clevinger interrupted, shrieking. "That's what you are! Crazy!""—immense. I'm a real, slam-bang, honest-to-goodness, three-fisted humdinger. I'm a bona fide supraman." Self-interruption Simple revision of a statement as one's thoughts evolve on the fly: "I believe I shall—no, I'm going to do it." Contemplative or emotional trailing off (usually in dialogue or in first person narrative): "I sense something; a presence I've not felt since—" in Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope. "Get out or else—" Either an ellipsis or an em dash can indicate aposiopesis, the rhetorical device by which a sentence is stopped short not because of interruption, but because the speaker is too emotional or pensive to continue. Because the ellipsis is the more common choice, an em dash for this purpose may be ambiguous in expository text, as many readers would assume interruption, although it may be used to indicate great emotion in dramatic monologue. Long pause: In Early Modern English texts and afterward, em dashes have been used to add long pauses (as noted in Joseph Robertson's 1785 An Essay On Punctuation): Quotation Quotation mark–like use This is a quotation dash. It may be distinct from an em dash in its coding (see horizontal bar). It may be used to indicate turns in a dialogue, in which case each dash starts a paragraph. It replaces other quotation marks and was preferred by authors such as James Joyce: ―O saints above! miss Douce said, sighed above her jumping rose. I wished I hadn't laughed so much. I feel all wet. ―O, miss Douce! miss Kennedy protested. You horrid thing! Attribution of quote source Inline quotes: A penny saved is a penny earned. — Benjamin Franklin Block quotes: Redaction An em dash may be used to indicate omitted letters in a word redacted to an initial or single letter or to fillet a word, by leaving the start and end letters whilst replacing the middle letters with a dash or dashes (for censorship or simply data anonymization). It may also censor the end letter. In this use, it is sometimes doubled. It was alleged that D⸺ had been threatened with blackmail. Three em dashes might be used to indicate a completely missing word. Itemization mark Either the en dash or the em dash may be used as a bullet at the start of each item in a bulleted list, but a plain hyphen is more commonly used. Repetition Three em dashes one after another can be used in a footnote, endnote, or another form of bibliographic entry to indicate repetition of the same author's name as that of the previous work, which is similar to the use of Typographic details Spacing and substitution According to most American sources (such as The Chicago Manual of Style) and some British sources (such as The Oxford Guide to Style), an em dash should always be set closed, meaning it should not be surrounded by spaces. But the practice in some parts of the English-speaking world, including the style recommended by The New York Times Manual of Style and Usage for printed newspapers and the AP Stylebook, sets it open, separating it from its surrounding words by using spaces or hair spaces (U+200A) when it is being used parenthetically. The AP Stylebook rejects the use of the open em dash to set off introductory items in lists. However, the "space, en dash, space" sequence is the predominant style in German and French typography. (See En dash versus em dash below.) In Canada, The Canadian Style: A Guide to Writing and Editing, The Oxford Canadian A to Z of Grammar, Spelling & Punctuation: Guide to Canadian English Usage (2nd ed.), Editing Canadian English, and the Canadian Oxford Dictionary all specify that an em dash should be set closed when used between words, a word and numeral, or two numerals. The Australian government's Style Manual for Authors, Editors and Printers (6th ed.), also specifies that em dashes inserted between words, a word and numeral, or two numerals, should be set closed. A section on the 2-em rule (⸺) also explains that the 2-em can be used to mark an abrupt break in direct or reported speech, but a space is used before the 2-em if a complete word is missing, while no space is used if part of a word exists before the sudden break. Two examples of this are as follows: I distinctly heard him say, "Go away or I'll ⸺". It was alleged that D⸺ had been threatened with blackmail. Approximating the em dash with two or three hyphens When an em dash is unavailable in a particular character encoding environment—as in the ASCII character set—it has usually been approximated as consecutive double (--) or triple (---) hyphen-minuses. The two-hyphen em dash proxy is perhaps more common, being a widespread convention in the typewriting era. (It is still described for hard copy manuscript preparation in the Chicago Manual of Style as of the 16th edition, although the manual conveys that typewritten manuscript and copyediting on paper are now dated practices.) The three-hyphen em dash proxy was popular with various publishers because the sequence of one, two, or three hyphens could then correspond to the hyphen, en dash, and em dash, respectively. Because early comic book letterers were not aware of the typographic convention of replacing a typewritten double hyphen with an em dash, the double hyphen became traditional in American comics. This practice has continued despite the development of computer lettering. En dash versus em dash The en dash is wider than the hyphen but not as wide as the em dash. An em width is defined as the point size of the currently used font, since the M character is not always the width of the point size. In running text, various dash conventions are employed: an em dash—like so—or a spaced em dash — like so — or a spaced en dashlike socan be seen in contemporary publications. Various style guides and national varieties of languages prescribe different guidance on dashes. Dashes have been cited as being treated differently in the US and the UK, with the former preferring the use of an em dash with no additional spacing and the latter preferring a spaced en dash. As examples of the US style, The Chicago Manual of Style and The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association recommend unspaced em dashes. Style guides outside the US are more variable. For example, The Elements of Typographic Style by Canadian typographer Robert Bringhurst recommends the spaced en dashlike soand argues that the length and visual magnitude of an em dash "belongs to the padded and corseted aesthetic of Victorian typography". In the United Kingdom, the spaced en dash is the house style for certain major publishers, including the Penguin Group, the Cambridge University Press, and Routledge. However, this convention is not universal. The Oxford Guide to Style (2002, section 5.10.10) acknowledges that the spaced en dash is used by "other British publishers" but states that the Oxford University Press, like "most US publishers", uses the unspaced em dash. The en dashalways with spaces in running text when, as discussed in this section, indicating a parenthesis or pauseand the spaced em dash both have a certain technical advantage over the unspaced em dash. Most typesetting and word processing expects word spacing to vary to support full justification. Alone among punctuation that marks pauses or logical relations in text, the unspaced em dash disables this for the words it falls between. This can cause uneven spacing in the text, but can be mitigated by the use of thin spaces, hair spaces, or even zero-width spaces on the sides of the em dash. This provides the appearance of an unspaced em dash, but allows the words and dashes to break between lines. The spaced em dash risks introducing excessive separation of words. In full justification, the adjacent spaces may be stretched, and the separation of words further exaggerated. En dashes may also be preferred to em dashes when text is set in narrow columns, such as in newspapers and similar publications, since the en dash is smaller. In such cases, its use is based purely on space considerations and is not necessarily related to other typographical concerns. On the other hand, a spaced en dash may be ambiguous when it is also used for ranges, for example, in dates or between geographical locations with internal spaces. Horizontal bar The horizontal bar (), also known as a quotation dash, is used to introduce quoted text. This is the standard method of printing dialogue in some languages. The em dash is equally suitable if the quotation dash is unavailable or is contrary to the house style being used. There is no support in the standard TeX fonts, but one can use \hbox{---}\kern-.5em--- or an em dash. Swung dash The swung dash () resembles a lengthened tilde and is used to separate alternatives or approximates. In dictionaries, it is frequently used to stand in for the term being defined. A dictionary entry providing an example for the term henceforth might employ the swung dash as follows: henceforth (adv.) from this time forth; from now on; "⁓ she will be known as Mrs. Wales" Typing the characters Typewriters and computers often have no key that produces a dash. In consequence, it became common to use the hyphen. It is common for a single hyphen surrounded by spaces to represent an en dash, and for two hyphens to represent an em dash. (A hyphen surrounded by other characters is a hyphen, with a space before it or with digits it is a minus sign.) Modern word-processing software typically has support for many more characters and is usually capable of rendering both the en and em dashes correctly—albeit sometimes with an inconvenient input method. Techniques for generating em and en dashes in various operating systems, word processors and markup languages are provided in the following table: Unicode In other languages In many languages, such as Polish, the em dash is used as an opening quotation mark. There is no matching closing quotation mark; typically a new paragraph will be started, introduced by a dash, for each turn in the dialogue. Corpus studies indicate that em dashes are more commonly used in Russian than in English. In Russian, the em dash is used for the present copula (meaning "am"/"is"/"are"), which is unpronounced in spoken Russian. In French, em or en dashes can be used as parentheses (brackets), but the use of a second dash as a closing parenthesis is optional. When a closing dash is not used, the sentence is ended with a period (full-stop) as usual. Dashes are, however, much less common than parentheses. In Spanish, em dashes can be used to mark off parenthetical phrases. Unlike in English, the em dashes are spaced like brackets, i.e., there is a space between main sentence and dash, but not between parenthetical phrase and dash. See also Leiden Conventions – rules to indicate conditions in texts (usage of "[— — —]") Signature dashes – signature delimiter in emails (usage of "-- " in a single line) Whitespace characters – spaces of equivalent sizes to dashes Explanatory notes References External links Wiktionary list of English phrases with em dash Dashes and Hyphens Commonly confused characters Punctuation Typography
[ "The", "d", "ash", "is", "a", "p", "un", "ct", "uation", "mark", "consist", "ing", "of", "a", "long", "hor", "iz", "ont", "al", "line", ".", "It", "is", "similar", "in", "appearance", "to", "the", "hy", "phen", "but", "is", "longer", "and", "sometimes", "higher", "from", "the", "bas", "eline", ".", "The", "most", "common", "versions", "are", "the", "end", "ash", ",", "generally", "longer", "than", "the", "hy", "phen", "but", "sh", "or", "ter", "than", "the", "min", "us", "sign", ";", "the", "em", "d", "ash", ",", "longer", "than", "either", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "or", "the", "min", "us", "sign", ";", "and", "the", "hor", "iz", "ont", "al", "bar", ",", "whose", "length", "var", "ies", "across", "type", "fac", "es", "but", "t", "ends", "to", "be", "between", "those", "of", "the", "en", "and", "em", "d", "ash", "es", ".", "History", "In", "the", "early", "17th", "century", ",", "in", "Ok", "es", "-", "prin", "ted", "plays", "of", "William", "Sh", "akes", "pe", "are", ",", "d", "ash", "es", "are", "att", "ested", "that", "indic", "ate", "a", "th", "in", "king", "p", "ause", ",", "inter", "rupt", "ion", ",", "mid", "-", "spe", "ech", "real", "ization", ",", "or", "change", "of", "subject", ".", "The", "d", "ash", "es", "are", "various", "ly", "longer", "(", "as", "in", "King", "L", "ear", "re", "prin", "ted", "16", "19", ")", "or", "composed", "of", "hy", "ph", "ens", "(", "as", "in", "O", "the", "l", "lo", "prin", "ted", "16", "22", ");", "more", "over", ",", "the", "d", "ash", "es", "are", "often", ",", "but", "not", "always", ",", "pre", "fix", "ed", "by", "a", "comm", "a", ",", "colon", ",", "or", "sem", "ic", "ol", "on", ".", "In", "17", "33", ",", "in", "Jon", "athan", "Sw", "ift", "'", "s", "On", "Po", "et", "ry", ",", "the", "terms", "break", "and", "d", "ash", "are", "att", "ested", "for", "and", "mar", "ks", ":", "Bl", "ot", "out", ",", "cor", "rect", ",", "in", "ser", "t", ",", "ref", "ine", ",", "En", "large", ",", "d", "imin", "ish", ",", "inter", "line", ";", "Be", "m", "ind", "ful", ",", "when", "In", "vention", "fail", "s", ";", "To", "scr", "atch", "y", "our", "Head", ",", "and", "b", "ite", "y", "our", "N", "ails", ".", "Your", "po", "em", "finish", "'", "d", ",", "next", "y", "our", "C", "are", "Is", "need", "ful", ",", "to", "trans", "cr", "ibe", "it", "fair", ".", "In", "modern", "W", "it", "all", "prin", "ted", "Tr", "ash", ",", "is", "S", "et", "off", "with", "num", "'", "r", "ous", "Bre", "ak", "s", "⸺", "and", "D", "ash", "es", "—", "Ty", "p", "es", "of", "d", "ash", "U", "s", "age", "var", "ies", "both", "within", "English", "and", "within", "other", "languages", ",", "but", "the", "us", "ual", "con", "vent", "ions", "for", "the", "most", "common", "d", "ash", "es", "in", "prin", "ted", "English", "text", "are", "these", ":", "An", "(", "un", "sp", "ac", "ed", ")", "em", "d", "ash", "or", "a", "sp", "ac", "ed", "en", "d", "ash", "can", "be", "used", "to", "mark", "a", "break", "in", "a", "sent", "ence", ",", "and", "a", "pair", "can", "be", "used", "to", "set", "off", "a", "par", "en", "the", "t", "ical", "stat", "ement", ".", "For", "example", ":", "An", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "but", "not", "an", "em", "d", "ash", ",", "indic", "ates", "sp", "ans", "or", "different", "iation", ",", "where", "it", "may", "re", "place", "\"", "and", "\",", "\"", "to", "\",", "or", "\"", "through", "\".", "For", "example", ":", "An", "em", "d", "ash", "or", "hor", "iz", "ont", "al", "bar", ",", "but", "not", "an", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "is", "used", "to", "set", "off", "the", "source", "of", "a", "direct", "qu", "ot", "ation", ".", "For", "example", ":", "A", "hor", "iz", "ont", "al", "bar", "(", "also", "called", "qu", "ot", "ation", "d", "ash", ")", "or", "the", "em", "d", "ash", ",", "but", "not", "the", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "introdu", "ces", "qu", "ot", "ed", "text", ".", "In", "in", "form", "al", "con", "te", "x", "ts", ",", "a", "hy", "phen", "-", "min", "us", "()", "is", "often", "used", "as", "a", "sub", "stitute", "for", "an", "end", "ash", ",", "as", "is", "a", "pair", "of", "hy", "phen", "-", "min", "uses", "()", "for", "an", "em", "d", "ash", ",", "because", "the", "hy", "phen", "-", "min", "us", "sym", "bol", "is", "read", "ily", "available", "on", "most", "key", "bo", "ards", ".", "The", "au", "to", "cor", "re", "ction", "fac", "ility", "of", "word", "-", "process", "ing", "software", "often", "cor", "re", "cts", "these", "to", "the", "ty", "po", "graph", "ically", "cor", "rect", "form", "of", "d", "ash", ".", "F", "ig", "ure", "d", "ash", "The", "figure", "d", "ash", "()", "has", "the", "same", "wid", "th", "as", "a", "num", "er", "ical", "dig", "it", ".", "(", "Most", "f", "on", "ts", "have", "dig", "its", "of", "equ", "al", "wid", "th", ".)", "It", "is", "used", "within", "numbers", "such", "as", "the", "phone", "number", "55", "5", "‒", "0", "199", ",", "especially", "in", "column", "s", "so", "as", "to", "maintain", "align", "ment", ".", "In", "contr", "ast", ",", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "()", "is", "generally", "used", "for", "a", "range", "of", "val", "ues", ".", "The", "min", "us", "sign", "()", "g", "ly", "ph", "is", "generally", "set", "a", "little", "higher", ",", "so", "as", "to", "be", "level", "with", "the", "hor", "iz", "ont", "al", "bar", "of", "the", "pl", "us", "sign", ".", "In", "in", "form", "al", "us", "age", ",", "the", "hy", "phen", "-", "min", "us", "(),", "provided", "as", "standard", "on", "most", "key", "bo", "ards", ",", "is", "often", "used", "instead", "of", "the", "figure", "d", "ash", ".", "In", "Te", "X", ",", "the", "standard", "f", "on", "ts", "have", "no", "figure", "d", "ash", ";", "however", ",", "the", "dig", "its", "nor", "m", "ally", "all", "have", "the", "same", "wid", "th", "as", "the", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "so", "an", "en", "d", "ash", "can", "be", "a", "sub", "stitution", "for", "the", "figure", "d", "ash", ".", "In", "X", "e", "La", "Te", "X", ",", "one", "can", "use", "\\", "char", "\"", "2012", ".", "The", "Lin", "ux", "Li", "bert", "ine", "f", "ont", "also", "has", "the", "figure", "d", "ash", "g", "ly", "ph", ".", "En", "d", "ash", "The", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "en", "rule", ",", "or", "n", "ut", "d", "ash", "is", "tradition", "ally", "half", "the", "wid", "th", "of", "an", "em", "d", "ash", ".", "In", "modern", "f", "on", "ts", ",", "the", "length", "of", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "not", "standard", "ized", ",", "and", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "often", "more", "than", "half", "the", "wid", "th", "of", "the", "em", "d", "ash", ".", "The", "wid", "ths", "of", "en", "and", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "have", "also", "been", "spec", "ified", "as", "being", "equ", "al", "to", "those", "of", "the", "upper", "-", "case", "let", "ters", "N", "and", "M", ",", "respectively", ",", "and", "at", "other", "times", "to", "the", "wid", "ths", "of", "the", "lower", "-", "case", "let", "ters", ".", "U", "s", "age", "The", "three", "main", "uses", "of", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "are", "to", "conne", "ct", "sym", "met", "ric", "it", "ems", ",", "such", "as", "the", "two", "ends", "of", "a", "range", "or", "two", "compet", "itors", "or", "altern", "atives", "to", "contr", "ast", "val", "ues", "or", "illustr", "ate", "a", "relationship", "between", "two", "th", "ings", "to", "comp", "ound", "attr", "ibut", "es", ",", "where", "one", "of", "the", "connected", "it", "ems", "is", "itself", "a", "comp", "ound", "R", "ang", "es", "of", "val", "ues", "The", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "commonly", "used", "to", "indic", "ate", "a", "closed", "range", "of", "val", "ues", "a", "range", "with", "clear", "ly", "defin", "ed", "and", "fin", "ite", "upper", "and", "lower", "bound", "aries", "rough", "ly", "sign", "ifying", "what", "might", "other", "w", "ise", "be", "communic", "ated", "by", "the", "word", "\"", "through", "\"", "in", "American", "English", ",", "or", "\"", "to", "\"", "in", "International", "English", ".", "This", "may", "include", "ran", "ges", "such", "as", "those", "between", "d", "ates", ",", "times", ",", "or", "numbers", ".", "Var", "ious", "style", "gu", "ides", "rest", "r", "ict", "this", "range", "indic", "ation", "style", "to", "only", "par", "en", "the", "t", "ical", "or", "t", "ab", "ular", "m", "atter", ",", "requ", "iring", "\"", "to", "\"", "or", "\"", "through", "\"", "in", "running", "text", ".", "Pre", "ference", "for", "hy", "phen", "vs", ".", "en", "d", "ash", "in", "ran", "ges", "var", "ies", ".", "For", "example", ",", "the", "A", "PA", "style", "(", "named", "after", "the", "American", "P", "sych", "ological", "Association", ")", "uses", "an", "en", "d", "ash", "in", "ran", "ges", ",", "but", "the", "A", "MA", "style", "(", "named", "after", "the", "American", "Medical", "Association", ")", "uses", "a", "hy", "phen", ":", "Some", "style", "gu", "ides", "(", "including", "the", "Gu", "ide", "for", "the", "U", "se", "of", "the", "International", "System", "of", "Un", "its", "(", "S", "I", ")", "and", "the", "A", "MA", "Man", "ual", "of", "St", "yle", ")", "recomm", "end", "that", ",", "when", "a", "number", "range", "might", "be", "mis", "constru", "ed", "as", "sub", "tr", "action", ",", "the", "word", "\"", "to", "\"", "should", "be", "used", "instead", "of", "an", "en", "d", "ash", ".", "For", "example", ",", "\"", "a", "vol", "t", "age", "of", "50", "V", "to", "100", "V", "\"", "is", "pre", "fer", "able", "to", "using", "\"", "a", "vol", "t", "age", "of", "50", "–", "100", "V", "\".", "Rel", "ated", "ly", ",", "in", "ran", "ges", "that", "include", "neg", "ative", "numbers", ",", "\"", "to", "\"", "is", "used", "to", "avo", "id", "ambig", "u", "ity", "or", "aw", "k", "ward", "ness", "(", "for", "example", ",", "\"", "temper", "at", "ures", "ran", "ged", "from", "−", "18", "°", "C", "to", "−", "34", "°", "C", "\"", ").", "It", "is", "also", "considered", "poor", "style", "(", "best", "avo", "ided", ")", "to", "use", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "in", "place", "of", "the", "words", "\"", "to", "\"", "or", "\"", "and", "\"", "in", "ph", "r", "ases", "that", "follow", "the", "forms", "from", "X", "to", "Y", "and", "between", "X", "and", "Y", ".", "Rel", "ation", "ships", "and", "conne", "ctions", "The", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "used", "to", "contr", "ast", "val", "ues", "or", "illustr", "ate", "a", "relationship", "between", "two", "th", "ings", ".", "Ex", "am", "ples", "of", "this", "us", "age", "include", ":", "Australia", "beat", "American", "Sam", "o", "a", "31", "–", "0", ".", "Rad", "ical", "–", "Union", "ist", "coal", "ition", "Boston", "–", "Hart", "ford", "route", "New", "York", "–", "London", "flight", "(", "however", ",", "it", "may", "be", "arg", "ued", "that", "New", "York", "–", "to", "-", "London", "flight", "is", "more", "appro", "pri", "ate", "because", "New", "York", "is", "a", "single", "name", "composed", "of", "two", "val", "id", "words", ";", "with", "a", "single", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "the", "ph", "r", "ase", "is", "ambig", "u", "ous", "and", "could", "mean", "either", "Fl", "ight", "from", "New", "York", "to", "London", "or", "New", "flight", "from", "York", "to", "London", ";", "such", "ambig", "u", "ity", "is", "as", "su", "aged", "when", "used", "mid", "-", "sent", "ence", ",", "though", ",", "because", "of", "the", "capital", "N", "in", "\"", "New", "\"", "indic", "ating", "it", "is", "a", "special", "n", "oun", ").", "If", "d", "ash", "–", "hy", "phen", "use", "becomes", "too", "un", "w", "ield", "y", "or", "difficult", "to", "under", "stand", ",", "the", "sent", "ence", "can", "be", "re", "ph", "r", "ased", "for", "cl", "ar", "ity", "and", "read", "ability", ";", "for", "example", ",", "\"", "The", "flight", "from", "New", "York", "to", "London", "was", "a", "ple", "as", "ant", "experience", "\".", "M", "other", "–", "daughter", "relationship", "The", "Supreme", "Court", "voted", "5", "–", "4", "to", "up", "hold", "the", "decision", ".", "A", "distin", "ction", "is", "often", "made", "between", "\"", "sim", "ple", "\"", "attr", "ibut", "ive", "comp", "ound", "s", "(", "written", "with", "a", "hy", "phen", ")", "and", "other", "sub", "types", "(", "written", "with", "an", "en", "d", "ash", ");", "at", "least", "one", "author", "ity", "consid", "ers", "name", "p", "airs", ",", "where", "the", "pair", "ed", "elements", "carr", "y", "equ", "al", "weight", ",", "as", "in", "the", "T", "aft", "–", "Hart", "ley", "Act", "to", "be", "\"", "sim", "ple", "\",", "while", "others", "consider", "an", "en", "d", "ash", "appro", "pri", "ate", "in", "inst", "ances", "such", "as", "these", "to", "represent", "the", "par", "alle", "l", "relationship", ",", "as", "in", "the", "Mc", "C", "ain", "–", "Fe", "ing", "old", "bill", "or", "Bo", "se", "–", "E", "in", "stein", "statistics", ".", "When", "an", "act", "of", "the", "U", ".", "S", ".", "Congress", "is", "named", "using", "the", "surn", "ames", "of", "the", "sen", "ator", "and", "represent", "ative", "who", "spons", "ored", "it", ",", "the", "hy", "phen", "-", "min", "us", "is", "used", "in", "the", "short", "title", ";", "thus", ",", "the", "short", "title", "of", "Public", "Law", "11", "1", "–", "20", "3", "is", "\"", "The", "D", "od", "d", "-", "Frank", "Wall", "Street", "Re", "form", "and", "Con", "sum", "er", "Prote", "ction", "Act", "\",", "with", "a", "hy", "phen", "-", "min", "us", "rather", "than", "an", "en", "d", "ash", "between", "\"", "D", "od", "d", "\"", "and", "\"", "Frank", "\".", "However", ",", "there", "is", "a", "dif", "ference", "between", "some", "thing", "named", "for", "a", "par", "alle", "l", "/", "co", "ordin", "ate", "relationship", "between", "two", "people", "for", "example", ",", "Sat", "y", "end", "ra", "N", "ath", "Bo", "se", "and", "Albert", "E", "in", "stein", "and", "some", "thing", "named", "for", "a", "single", "person", "who", "had", "a", "comp", "ound", "surname", ",", "which", "may", "be", "written", "with", "a", "hy", "phen", "or", "a", "space", "but", "not", "an", "en", "d", "ash", "for", "example", ",", "the", "L", "enn", "ard", "-", "Jones", "potential", "[", "hy", "phen", "]", "is", "named", "after", "one", "person", "(", "John", "L", "enn", "ard", "-", "Jones", "),", "as", "are", "B", "ence", "Jones", "prote", "ins", "and", "Hugh", "l", "ings", "Jackson", "syn", "dr", "ome", ".", "Cop", "y", "ed", "itors", "use", "d", "iction", "aries", "(", "general", ",", "medical", ",", "bio", "graph", "ical", ",", "and", "ge", "ograph", "ical", ")", "to", "con", "firm", "the", "ep", "onym", "ity", "(", "and", "thus", "the", "st", "y", "ling", ")", "for", "specific", "terms", ",", "given", "that", "no", "one", "can", "know", "them", "all", "off", "hand", ".", "Pre", "ference", "for", "an", "en", "d", "ash", "instead", "of", "a", "hy", "phen", "in", "these", "co", "ordin", "ate", "/", "relationship", "/", "conne", "ction", "types", "of", "terms", "is", "a", "m", "atter", "of", "style", ",", "not", "in", "her", "ent", "or", "th", "ograph", "ic", "\"", "cor", "rect", "ness", "\"", ";", "both", "are", "equ", "ally", "\"", "cor", "rect", "\",", "and", "each", "is", "the", "pre", "fer", "red", "style", "in", "some", "style", "gu", "ides", ".", "For", "example", ",", "the", "American", "Her", "itage", "D", "iction", "ary", "of", "the", "English", "L", "angu", "age", ",", "the", "A", "MA", "Man", "ual", "of", "St", "yle", ",", "and", "Dor", "land", "'", "s", "medical", "re", "ference", "works", "use", "hy", "ph", "ens", ",", "not", "en", "d", "ash", "es", ",", "in", "co", "ordin", "ate", "terms", "(", "such", "as", "\"", "blood", "-", "br", "ain", "b", "arr", "ier", "\"", "),", "in", "ep", "ony", "ms", "(", "such", "as", "\"", "Che", "y", "ne", "-", "Sto", "k", "es", "resp", "ir", "ation", "\",", "\"", "K", "ap", "lan", "-", "Me", "ier", "method", "\"", "),", "and", "so", "on", ".", "At", "tr", "ibut", "ive", "comp", "ound", "s", "In", "English", ",", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "usually", "used", "instead", "of", "a", "hy", "phen", "in", "comp", "ound", "(", "ph", "r", "as", "al", ")", "attr", "ibut", "ives", "in", "which", "one", "or", "both", "elements", "is", "itself", "a", "comp", "ound", ",", "especially", "when", "the", "comp", "ound", "ele", "ment", "is", "an", "open", "comp", "ound", ",", "meaning", "it", "is", "not", "itself", "hy", "phen", "ated", ".", "This", "man", "ner", "of", "us", "age", "may", "include", "such", "exam", "ples", "as", ":", "The", "hospital", "–", "n", "ur", "sing", "home", "conne", "ction", "(", "the", "conne", "ction", "between", "the", "hospital", "and", "the", "n", "ur", "sing", "home", ",", "not", "a", "home", "conne", "ction", "between", "the", "hospital", "and", "n", "ur", "sing", ")", "A", "n", "ur", "sing", "home", "–", "home", "care", "policy", "(", "a", "policy", "about", "the", "n", "ur", "sing", "home", "and", "home", "care", ")", "Pre", "–", "Civil", "War", "era", "P", "ul", "itzer", "Prize", "–", "winning", "novel", "New", "York", "–", "style", "p", "iz", "za", "The", "non", "–", "San", "Francisco", "part", "of", "the", "world", "The", "post", "–", "World", "War", "II", "era", "(", "Comp", "are", "post", "-", "war", "era", ",", "which", ",", "if", "not", "fully", "comp", "ound", "ed", "(", "post", "war", "),", "takes", "a", "hy", "phen", ",", "not", "an", "en", "d", "ash", ".", "The", "dif", "ference", "is", "that", "war", "is", "not", "an", "open", "comp", "ound", ",", "where", "as", "World", "War", "II", "is", ".)", "Trans", "–", "New", "Gu", "ine", "a", "languages", "The", "ex", "–", "pr", "ime", "minister", "a", "long", "–", "foc", "al", "length", "cam", "era", "water", "ice", "–", "based", "bed", "rock", "The", "pro", "-", "cons", "cription", "–", "anti", "-", "cons", "cription", "deb", "ate", "Public", "-", "school", "–", "private", "-", "school", "r", "ival", "r", "ies", "The", "disambig", "u", "ating", "value", "of", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "in", "these", "pattern", "s", "was", "illustr", "ated", "by", "Str", "unk", "and", "White", "in", "The", "Ele", "ments", "of", "St", "yle", "with", "the", "following", "example", ":", "When", "Ch", "att", "ano", "og", "a", "News", "and", "Ch", "att", "ano", "og", "a", "Free", "Press", "mer", "ged", ",", "the", "joint", "company", "was", "in", "apt", "ly", "named", "Ch", "att", "ano", "og", "a", "News", "-", "Free", "Press", "(", "using", "a", "hy", "phen", "),", "which", "could", "be", "inter", "pre", "ted", "as", "meaning", "that", "their", "newsp", "apers", "were", "news", "-", "free", ".", "An", "ex", "ception", "to", "the", "use", "of", "en", "d", "ash", "es", "is", "usually", "made", "when", "pre", "fix", "ing", "an", "already", "-", "hy", "phen", "ated", "comp", "ound", ";", "an", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "generally", "avo", "ided", "as", "a", "distr", "action", "in", "this", "case", ".", "Ex", "am", "ples", "of", "this", "include", ":", "non", "-", "English", "-", "spe", "aking", "air", "traff", "ic", "controll", "ers", "semi", "-", "labor", "-", "int", "ensive", "industr", "ies", "Pro", "to", "-", "Ind", "o", "-", "European", "language", "The", "post", "-", "MS", "-", "D", "OS", "era", "non", "-", "government", "-", "owned", "corpor", "ations", "An", "en", "d", "ash", "can", "be", "re", "tained", "to", "avo", "id", "ambig", "u", "ity", ",", "but", "whether", "any", "ambig", "u", "ity", "is", "pl", "a", "us", "ible", "is", "a", "jud", "g", "ment", "call", ".", "A", "MA", "style", "re", "tain", "s", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "es", "in", "the", "following", "exam", "ples", ":", "non", "–", "self", "-", "govern", "ing", "non", "–", "English", "-", "language", "j", "ourn", "als", "non", "–", "group", "-", "specific", "blood", "non", "–", "Q", "-", "w", "ave", "my", "oc", "ard", "ial", "in", "far", "ction", "non", "–", "br", "ain", "-", "inj", "ured", "subject", "s", "D", "if", "fer", "ing", "recomm", "end", "ations", "As", "discuss", "ed", "above", ",", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "sometimes", "recomm", "ended", "instead", "of", "a", "hy", "phen", "in", "comp", "ound", "ad", "ject", "ives", "where", "ne", "ither", "part", "of", "the", "ad", "ject", "ive", "mod", "if", "ies", "the", "other", "—", "that", "is", ",", "when", "each", "mod", "if", "ies", "the", "n", "oun", ",", "as", "in", "love", "–", "h", "ate", "relationship", ".", "The", "Chicago", "Man", "ual", "of", "St", "yle", "(", "C", "M", "OS", "),", "however", ",", "lim", "its", "the", "use", "of", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "to", "two", "main", "pur", "pos", "es", ":", "First", ",", "use", "it", "to", "indic", "ate", "ran", "ges", "of", "time", ",", "money", ",", "or", "other", "amoun", "ts", ",", "or", "in", "certain", "other", "cases", "where", "it", "re", "places", "the", "word", "\"", "to", "\".", "Second", ",", "use", "it", "in", "place", "of", "a", "hy", "phen", "in", "a", "comp", "ound", "ad", "ject", "ive", "when", "one", "of", "the", "elements", "of", "the", "ad", "ject", "ive", "is", "an", "open", "comp", "ound", ",", "or", "when", "two", "or", "more", "of", "its", "elements", "are", "comp", "ound", "s", ",", "open", "or", "hy", "phen", "ated", ".", "That", "is", ",", "the", "C", "M", "OS", "fav", "ors", "hy", "ph", "ens", "in", "inst", "ances", "where", "some", "other", "gu", "ides", "sugg", "est", "en", "d", "ash", "es", ",", "with", "the", "16", "th", "edition", "expl", "aining", "that", "\"", "Chicago", "'", "s", "sen", "se", "of", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "does", "not", "ext", "end", "to", "between", "\",", "to", "rule", "out", "its", "use", "in", "\"", "US", "–", "Canadian", "relations", "\".", "In", "these", "two", "uses", ",", "en", "d", "ash", "es", "nor", "m", "ally", "do", "not", "have", "sp", "aces", "around", "them", ".", "Some", "make", "an", "ex", "ception", "when", "they", "bel", "ieve", "avo", "iding", "sp", "aces", "may", "cause", "conf", "usion", "or", "look", "od", "d", ".", "For", "example", ",", "comp", "are", "with", ".", "However", ",", "other", "authorities", "dis", "ag", "ree", "and", "state", "there", "should", "be", "no", "space", "between", "an", "en", "d", "ash", "and", "ad", "j", "ac", "ent", "text", ".", "These", "authorities", "would", "not", "use", "a", "space", "in", ",", "for", "example", ",", "or", ".", "Par", "en", "the", "tic", "and", "other", "uses", "at", "the", "sent", "ence", "level", "En", "d", "ash", "es", "can", "be", "used", "instead", "of", "p", "airs", "of", "comm", "as", "that", "mark", "off", "a", "n", "ested", "cl", "ause", "or", "ph", "r", "ase", ".", "They", "can", "also", "be", "used", "around", "par", "en", "the", "t", "ical", "express", "ions", "such", "as", "this", "one", "rather", "than", "the", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "pre", "fer", "red", "by", "some", "publish", "ers", ".", "The", "en", "d", "ash", "can", "also", "sign", "ify", "a", "r", "he", "tor", "ical", "p", "ause", ".", "For", "example", ",", "an", "op", "in", "ion", "piece", "from", "The", "Guard", "ian", "is", "ent", "it", "led", ":", "Wh", "o", "is", "to", "bl", "ame", "for", "the", "sw", "el", "ter", "ing", "we", "ather", "?", "My", "k", "ids", "say", "it", "'", "s", "bo", "om", "ers", "and", "me", "In", "these", "sit", "u", "ations", ",", "en", "d", "ash", "es", "must", "have", "a", "single", "space", "on", "each", "side", ".", "It", "em", "ization", "mark", "E", "ither", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "or", "the", "em", "d", "ash", "may", "be", "used", "as", "a", "bul", "let", "at", "the", "start", "of", "each", "it", "em", "in", "a", "bul", "le", "ted", "list", ".", "(", "This", "is", "a", "m", "atter", "of", "graph", "ic", "design", "rather", "than", "or", "th", "ography", ".)", "Ty", "po", "graphy", "Spac", "ing", "In", "most", "uses", "of", "en", "d", "ash", "es", ",", "such", "as", "when", "used", "in", "indic", "ating", "ran", "ges", ",", "they", "are", "closed", "up", "to", "the", "joined", "words", ".", "It", "is", "only", "when", "en", "d", "ash", "es", "are", "used", "in", "set", "ting", "off", "par", "en", "the", "t", "ical", "express", "ions", "such", "as", "this", "one", "that", "they", "take", "sp", "aces", "around", "them", ".", "For", "more", "on", "the", "cho", "ice", "of", "em", "vers", "us", "en", "in", "this", "con", "text", ",", "see", "En", "d", "ash", "vers", "us", "em", "d", "ash", ".", "En", "c", "od", "ing", "and", "sub", "stitution", "When", "an", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "un", "available", "in", "a", "particular", "character", "enc", "od", "ing", "environment", "—", "as", "in", "the", "A", "SC", "II", "character", "set", "—", "there", "are", "some", "con", "vent", "ional", "sub", "stitut", "ions", ".", "Of", "ten", "two", "con", "secut", "ive", "hy", "ph", "ens", "are", "the", "sub", "stitute", ".", "The", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "enc", "od", "ed", "in", "Un", "ico", "de", "as", "U", "+", "2013", "(", "dec", "imal", "8", "21", "1", ")", "and", "represented", "in", "H", "T", "ML", "by", "the", "named", "character", "ent", "ity", "&", "nd", "ash", ";", ".", "The", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "sometimes", "used", "as", "a", "sub", "stitute", "for", "the", "min", "us", "sign", ",", "when", "the", "min", "us", "sign", "character", "is", "not", "available", "since", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "usually", "the", "same", "wid", "th", "as", "a", "pl", "us", "sign", "and", "is", "often", "available", "when", "the", "min", "us", "sign", "is", "not", ";", "see", "below", ".", "For", "example", ",", "the", "original", "8", "-", "bit", "Mac", "into", "sh", "Char", "ac", "ter", "S", "et", "had", "an", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "use", "ful", "for", "the", "min", "us", "sign", ",", "years", "before", "Un", "ico", "de", "with", "a", "dedicated", "min", "us", "sign", "was", "available", ".", "The", "hy", "phen", "-", "min", "us", "is", "usually", "too", "nar", "row", "to", "make", "a", "ty", "po", "graph", "ically", "accept", "able", "min", "us", "sign", ".", "However", ",", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "can", "not", "be", "used", "for", "a", "min", "us", "sign", "in", "programming", "languages", "because", "the", "syn", "tax", "usually", "requ", "ires", "a", "hy", "phen", "-", "min", "us", ".", "Em", "d", "ash", "The", "em", "d", "ash", ",", "em", "rule", ",", "or", "mut", "ton", "d", "ash", "is", "longer", "than", "an", "en", "d", "ash", ".", "The", "character", "is", "called", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "because", "it", "is", "one", "em", "wide", ",", "a", "length", "that", "var", "ies", "depend", "ing", "on", "the", "f", "ont", "size", ".", "One", "em", "is", "the", "same", "length", "as", "the", "f", "ont", "'", "s", "he", "ight", "(", "which", "is", "typically", "meas", "ured", "in", "points", ").", "So", "in", "9", "-", "point", "type", ",", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "is", "nine", "points", "wide", ",", "while", "in", "24", "-", "point", "type", "the", "em", "d", "ash", "is", "24", "points", "wide", ".", "By", "comp", "ar", "ison", ",", "the", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "with", "its", "wid", "th", ",", "is", "in", "most", "f", "on", "ts", "either", "a", "half", "-", "em", "wide", "or", "the", "wid", "th", "of", "an", "upper", "-", "case", "\"", "N", "\".", "The", "em", "d", "ash", "is", "enc", "od", "ed", "in", "Un", "ico", "de", "as", "U", "+", "2014", "(", "dec", "imal", "8", "21", "2", ")", "and", "represented", "in", "H", "T", "ML", "by", "the", "named", "character", "ent", "ity", "&", "m", "d", "ash", ";", ".", "U", "s", "age", "The", "em", "d", "ash", "is", "used", "in", "several", "ways", ".", "It", "is", "primarily", "used", "in", "places", "where", "a", "set", "of", "par", "en", "thes", "es", "or", "a", "colon", "might", "other", "w", "ise", "be", "used", ",", "and", "it", "can", "also", "show", "an", "ab", "rupt", "change", "in", "thought", "(", "or", "an", "inter", "rupt", "ion", "in", "spe", "ech", ")", "or", "be", "used", "where", "a", "full", "stop", "(", "period", ")", "is", "too", "strong", "and", "a", "comm", "a", "is", "too", "we", "ak", ".", "Em", "d", "ash", "es", "are", "also", "used", "to", "set", "off", "sum", "mar", "ies", "or", "defin", "itions", ".", "Common", "uses", "and", "defin", "itions", "are", "c", "ited", "below", "with", "exam", "ples", ".", "Colon", "-", "like", "use", "Sim", "ple", "equ", "ival", "ence", "(", "or", "near", "-", "equ", "ival", "ence", ")", "of", "colon", "and", "em", "d", "ash", "Three", "al", "k", "ali", "met", "als", "are", "the", "us", "ual", "sub", "stitu", "ents", ":", "s", "od", "ium", ",", "pot", "ass", "ium", ",", "and", "l", "ith", "ium", ".", "Three", "al", "k", "ali", "met", "als", "are", "the", "us", "ual", "sub", "stitu", "ents", "—", "s", "od", "ium", ",", "pot", "ass", "ium", ",", "and", "l", "ith", "ium", ".", "In", "version", "of", "the", "function", "of", "a", "colon", "These", "are", "the", "col", "ors", "of", "the", "flag", ":", "red", ",", "white", ",", "and", "blue", ".", "Red", ",", "white", ",", "and", "blue", "—", "these", "are", "the", "col", "ors", "of", "the", "flag", ".", "Par", "en", "thes", "is", "-", "like", "use", "Sim", "ple", "equ", "ival", "ence", "(", "or", "near", "-", "equ", "ival", "ence", ")", "of", "pair", "ed", "par", "en", "the", "t", "ical", "mar", "ks", "Comp", "are", "par", "en", "thes", "es", "with", "em", "d", "ash", "es", ":", "Three", "al", "k", "ali", "met", "als", "(", "s", "od", "ium", ",", "pot", "ass", "ium", ",", "and", "l", "ith", "ium", ")", "are", "the", "us", "ual", "sub", "stitu", "ents", ".", "Three", "al", "k", "ali", "met", "als", "—", "s", "od", "ium", ",", "pot", "ass", "ium", ",", "and", "l", "ith", "ium", "—", "are", "the", "us", "ual", "sub", "stitu", "ents", ".", "Comp", "are", "comm", "as", ",", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "and", "par", "en", "thes", "es", "(", "respectively", ")", "when", "no", "in", "ternal", "comm", "as", "inter", "ven", "e", ":", "The", "food", ",", "which", "was", "del", "ic", "ious", ",", "rem", "ind", "ed", "me", "of", "home", ".", "The", "food", "—", "which", "was", "del", "ic", "ious", "—", "rem", "ind", "ed", "me", "of", "home", ".", "The", "food", "(", "which", "was", "del", "ic", "ious", ")", "rem", "ind", "ed", "me", "of", "home", ".", "Sub", "t", "le", "dif", "ferences", "in", "p", "un", "ct", "uation", "It", "may", "indic", "ate", "an", "inter", "pol", "ation", "strong", "er", "than", "that", "dem", "ar", "c", "ated", "by", "par", "en", "thes", "es", ",", "as", "in", "the", "following", "from", "N", "ich", "ol", "son", "B", "aker", "'", "s", "The", "Me", "z", "z", "an", "ine", "(", "the", "degree", "of", "dif", "ference", "is", "subject", "ive", ").", "\"", "At", "that", "age", "I", "once", "st", "ab", "bed", "my", "best", "friend", ",", "Fred", ",", "with", "a", "pair", "of", "p", "in", "king", "she", "ars", "in", "the", "base", "of", "the", "ne", "ck", ",", "en", "r", "aged", "because", "he", "had", "been", "given", "the", "comp", "re", "h", "ensive", "six", "ty", "-", "four", "-", "cr", "ay", "on", "Cr", "ay", "ola", "box", "—", "including", "the", "gold", "and", "silver", "cr", "ay", "ons", "—", "and", "would", "not", "let", "me", "look", "clos", "ely", "at", "the", "box", "to", "see", "how", "Cr", "ay", "ola", "had", "st", "ab", "il", "ized", "the", "built", "-", "in", "cr", "ay", "on", "sh", "ar", "pen", "er", "under", "the", "t", "iers", "of", "cr", "ay", "ons", ".\"", "Inter", "rupt", "ion", "of", "a", "spe", "aker", "Inter", "rupt", "ion", "by", "some", "one", "el", "se", "\"", "But", "I", "'", "m", "try", "ing", "to", "expl", "ain", "that", "I", "—", "\"", "\"", "I", "'", "m", "aw", "are", "of", "y", "our", "mit", "ig", "ating", "circ", "um", "st", "ances", ",", "but", "y", "our", "neg", "ative", "att", "itude", "was", "ex", "cess", "ive", ".\"", "In", "a", "related", "use", ",", "it", "may", "vis", "ually", "indic", "ate", "the", "sh", "ift", "between", "spe", "akers", "when", "they", "over", "l", "ap", "in", "spe", "ech", ".", "For", "example", ",", "the", "em", "d", "ash", "is", "used", "this", "way", "in", "Joseph", "H", "eller", "'", "s", "C", "atch", "-", "22", ":", "He", "was", "C", "ain", ",", "U", "ly", "s", "ses", ",", "the", "F", "lying", "Dutch", "man", ";", "he", "was", "L", "ot", "in", "S", "od", "om", ",", "De", "ird", "re", "of", "the", "S", "or", "row", "s", ",", "S", "we", "ene", "y", "in", "the", "night", "ing", "ales", "among", "tre", "es", ".", "He", "was", "the", "mir", "ac", "le", "ing", "red", "ient", "Z", "-", "14", "7", ".", "He", "was", "—", "\"", "C", "ra", "zy", "!", "\"", "Cle", "ving", "er", "inter", "rup", "ted", ",", "sh", "r", "ie", "king", ".", "\"", "That", "'", "s", "what", "you", "are", "!", "C", "ra", "zy", "!", "\"", "\"", "—", "im", "men", "se", ".", "I", "'", "m", "a", "real", ",", "sl", "am", "-", "b", "ang", ",", "hon", "est", "-", "to", "-", "good", "ness", ",", "three", "-", "f", "ist", "ed", "hum", "ding", "er", ".", "I", "'", "m", "a", "b", "ona", "f", "ide", "su", "pr", "am", "an", ".\"", "S", "elf", "-", "inter", "rupt", "ion", "Sim", "ple", "re", "vision", "of", "a", "stat", "ement", "as", "one", "'", "s", "though", "ts", "ev", "ol", "ve", "on", "the", "fly", ":", "\"", "I", "bel", "ieve", "I", "sh", "all", "—", "no", ",", "I", "'", "m", "going", "to", "do", "it", ".\"", "Con", "tem", "pl", "ative", "or", "em", "ot", "ional", "tr", "ail", "ing", "off", "(", "usually", "in", "dial", "ogue", "or", "in", "first", "person", "n", "arr", "ative", "):", "\"", "I", "sen", "se", "some", "thing", ";", "a", "presence", "I", "'", "ve", "not", "felt", "since", "—", "\"", "in", "Star", "War", "s", "Epis", "ode", "IV", ":", "A", "New", "H", "ope", ".", "\"", "G", "et", "out", "or", "el", "se", "—", "\"", "E", "ither", "an", "ell", "ips", "is", "or", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "can", "indic", "ate", "ap", "os", "i", "op", "es", "is", ",", "the", "r", "he", "tor", "ical", "de", "vice", "by", "which", "a", "sent", "ence", "is", "stop", "ped", "short", "not", "because", "of", "inter", "rupt", "ion", ",", "but", "because", "the", "spe", "aker", "is", "too", "em", "ot", "ional", "or", "p", "ensive", "to", "continue", ".", "Be", "cause", "the", "ell", "ips", "is", "is", "the", "more", "common", "cho", "ice", ",", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "for", "this", "purpose", "may", "be", "ambig", "u", "ous", "in", "ex", "pos", "it", "ory", "text", ",", "as", "many", "read", "ers", "would", "ass", "ume", "inter", "rupt", "ion", ",", "although", "it", "may", "be", "used", "to", "indic", "ate", "great", "em", "ot", "ion", "in", "dr", "am", "atic", "mon", "olog", "ue", ".", "Long", "p", "ause", ":", "In", "Early", "Modern", "English", "te", "x", "ts", "and", "after", "ward", ",", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "have", "been", "used", "to", "add", "long", "p", "a", "uses", "(", "as", "noted", "in", "Joseph", "Rober", "ts", "on", "'", "s", "17", "85", "An", "Es", "say", "On", "P", "un", "ct", "uation", "):", "Qu", "ot", "ation", "Qu", "ot", "ation", "mark", "–", "like", "use", "This", "is", "a", "qu", "ot", "ation", "d", "ash", ".", "It", "may", "be", "distin", "ct", "from", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "in", "its", "c", "od", "ing", "(", "see", "hor", "iz", "ont", "al", "bar", ").", "It", "may", "be", "used", "to", "indic", "ate", "turn", "s", "in", "a", "dial", "ogue", ",", "in", "which", "case", "each", "d", "ash", "start", "s", "a", "par", "ag", "rap", "h", ".", "It", "re", "places", "other", "qu", "ot", "ation", "mar", "ks", "and", "was", "pre", "fer", "red", "by", "au", "th", "ors", "such", "as", "James", "Jo", "y", "ce", ":", "―", "O", "s", "aints", "above", "!", "miss", "Dou", "ce", "said", ",", "s", "igh", "ed", "above", "her", "j", "ump", "ing", "ro", "se", ".", "I", "w", "ished", "I", "had", "n", "'", "t", "l", "augh", "ed", "so", "much", ".", "I", "feel", "all", "w", "et", ".", "―", "O", ",", "miss", "Dou", "ce", "!", "miss", "Kenn", "edy", "protest", "ed", ".", "You", "hor", "rid", "thing", "!", "At", "tr", "ibution", "of", "qu", "ote", "source", "In", "line", "qu", "ot", "es", ":", "A", "p", "enn", "y", "s", "av", "ed", "is", "a", "p", "enn", "y", "earned", ".", "—", "Ben", "j", "amin", "Frank", "lin", "B", "lock", "qu", "ot", "es", ":", "Red", "action", "An", "em", "d", "ash", "may", "be", "used", "to", "indic", "ate", "om", "it", "ted", "let", "ters", "in", "a", "word", "red", "acted", "to", "an", "initial", "or", "single", "letter", "or", "to", "f", "il", "let", "a", "word", ",", "by", "leaving", "the", "start", "and", "end", "let", "ters", "wh", "il", "st", "replac", "ing", "the", "middle", "let", "ters", "with", "a", "d", "ash", "or", "d", "ash", "es", "(", "for", "c", "ens", "or", "ship", "or", "sim", "ply", "data", "an", "onym", "ization", ").", "It", "may", "also", "c", "ens", "or", "the", "end", "letter", ".", "In", "this", "use", ",", "it", "is", "sometimes", "dou", "b", "led", ".", "It", "was", "alleg", "ed", "that", "D", "⸺", "had", "been", "threat", "ened", "with", "black", "m", "ail", ".", "Three", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "might", "be", "used", "to", "indic", "ate", "a", "complet", "ely", "missing", "word", ".", "It", "em", "ization", "mark", "E", "ither", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "or", "the", "em", "d", "ash", "may", "be", "used", "as", "a", "bul", "let", "at", "the", "start", "of", "each", "it", "em", "in", "a", "bul", "le", "ted", "list", ",", "but", "a", "pl", "ain", "hy", "phen", "is", "more", "commonly", "used", ".", "Re", "pet", "ition", "Three", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "one", "after", "another", "can", "be", "used", "in", "a", "foot", "note", ",", "end", "note", ",", "or", "another", "form", "of", "b", "ibl", "io", "graph", "ic", "entry", "to", "indic", "ate", "re", "pet", "ition", "of", "the", "same", "author", "'", "s", "name", "as", "that", "of", "the", "previous", "work", ",", "which", "is", "similar", "to", "the", "use", "of", "Ty", "po", "graph", "ic", "det", "ails", "Spac", "ing", "and", "sub", "stitution", "According", "to", "most", "American", "sources", "(", "such", "as", "The", "Chicago", "Man", "ual", "of", "St", "yle", ")", "and", "some", "British", "sources", "(", "such", "as", "The", "Oxford", "Gu", "ide", "to", "St", "yle", "),", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "should", "always", "be", "set", "closed", ",", "meaning", "it", "should", "not", "be", "surround", "ed", "by", "sp", "aces", ".", "But", "the", "practice", "in", "some", "parts", "of", "the", "English", "-", "spe", "aking", "world", ",", "including", "the", "style", "recomm", "ended", "by", "The", "New", "York", "Times", "Man", "ual", "of", "St", "yle", "and", "U", "s", "age", "for", "prin", "ted", "newsp", "apers", "and", "the", "AP", "St", "yle", "book", ",", "sets", "it", "open", ",", "separ", "ating", "it", "from", "its", "surrounding", "words", "by", "using", "sp", "aces", "or", "h", "air", "sp", "aces", "(", "U", "+", "200", "A", ")", "when", "it", "is", "being", "used", "par", "en", "the", "t", "ically", ".", "The", "AP", "St", "yle", "book", "re", "ject", "s", "the", "use", "of", "the", "open", "em", "d", "ash", "to", "set", "off", "introdu", "ct", "ory", "it", "ems", "in", "l", "ists", ".", "However", ",", "the", "\"", "space", ",", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "space", "\"", "sequ", "ence", "is", "the", "pred", "omin", "ant", "style", "in", "German", "and", "French", "ty", "po", "graphy", ".", "(", "See", "En", "d", "ash", "vers", "us", "em", "d", "ash", "below", ".)", "In", "Canada", ",", "The", "Canadian", "St", "yle", ":", "A", "Gu", "ide", "to", "Writ", "ing", "and", "Ed", "iting", ",", "The", "Oxford", "Canadian", "A", "to", "Z", "of", "Gr", "am", "mar", ",", "Sp", "elling", "&", "P", "un", "ct", "uation", ":", "Gu", "ide", "to", "Canadian", "English", "U", "s", "age", "(", "2nd", "ed", ".", "),", "Ed", "iting", "Canadian", "English", ",", "and", "the", "Canadian", "Oxford", "D", "iction", "ary", "all", "spec", "ify", "that", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "should", "be", "set", "closed", "when", "used", "between", "words", ",", "a", "word", "and", "num", "eral", ",", "or", "two", "num", "er", "als", ".", "The", "Australian", "government", "'", "s", "St", "yle", "Man", "ual", "for", "Au", "th", "ors", ",", "Ed", "itors", "and", "Prin", "ters", "(", "6th", "ed", ".", "),", "also", "spec", "if", "ies", "that", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "in", "ser", "ted", "between", "words", ",", "a", "word", "and", "num", "eral", ",", "or", "two", "num", "er", "als", ",", "should", "be", "set", "closed", ".", "A", "section", "on", "the", "2", "-", "em", "rule", "(", "⸺", ")", "also", "expl", "ains", "that", "the", "2", "-", "em", "can", "be", "used", "to", "mark", "an", "ab", "rupt", "break", "in", "direct", "or", "reported", "spe", "ech", ",", "but", "a", "space", "is", "used", "before", "the", "2", "-", "em", "if", "a", "complete", "word", "is", "missing", ",", "while", "no", "space", "is", "used", "if", "part", "of", "a", "word", "ex", "ists", "before", "the", "su", "d", "den", "break", ".", "Two", "exam", "ples", "of", "this", "are", "as", "follows", ":", "I", "distin", "ct", "ly", "he", "ard", "him", "say", ",", "\"", "Go", "away", "or", "I", "'", "ll", "⸺", "\".", "It", "was", "alleg", "ed", "that", "D", "⸺", "had", "been", "threat", "ened", "with", "black", "m", "ail", ".", "Ap", "pro", "x", "im", "ating", "the", "em", "d", "ash", "with", "two", "or", "three", "hy", "ph", "ens", "When", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "is", "un", "available", "in", "a", "particular", "character", "enc", "od", "ing", "environment", "—", "as", "in", "the", "A", "SC", "II", "character", "set", "—", "it", "has", "usually", "been", "approx", "im", "ated", "as", "con", "secut", "ive", "double", "(", "-", "-", ")", "or", "tr", "iple", "(", "-", "-", "-", ")", "hy", "phen", "-", "min", "uses", ".", "The", "two", "-", "hy", "phen", "em", "d", "ash", "pro", "x", "y", "is", "per", "h", "aps", "more", "common", ",", "being", "a", "w", "ides", "pre", "ad", "con", "vention", "in", "the", "type", "writing", "era", ".", "(", "It", "is", "still", "described", "for", "hard", "cop", "y", "man", "us", "cript", "prepar", "ation", "in", "the", "Chicago", "Man", "ual", "of", "St", "yle", "as", "of", "the", "16", "th", "edition", ",", "although", "the", "man", "ual", "con", "ve", "ys", "that", "type", "written", "man", "us", "cript", "and", "cop", "y", "ed", "iting", "on", "paper", "are", "now", "dated", "pract", "ices", ".)", "The", "three", "-", "hy", "phen", "em", "d", "ash", "pro", "x", "y", "was", "popular", "with", "various", "publish", "ers", "because", "the", "sequ", "ence", "of", "one", ",", "two", ",", "or", "three", "hy", "ph", "ens", "could", "then", "correspond", "to", "the", "hy", "phen", ",", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "and", "em", "d", "ash", ",", "respectively", ".", "Be", "cause", "early", "com", "ic", "book", "letter", "ers", "were", "not", "aw", "are", "of", "the", "ty", "po", "graph", "ic", "con", "vention", "of", "replac", "ing", "a", "type", "written", "double", "hy", "phen", "with", "an", "em", "d", "ash", ",", "the", "double", "hy", "phen", "became", "traditional", "in", "American", "com", "ics", ".", "This", "practice", "has", "continued", "despite", "the", "development", "of", "computer", "letter", "ing", ".", "En", "d", "ash", "vers", "us", "em", "d", "ash", "The", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "wid", "er", "than", "the", "hy", "phen", "but", "not", "as", "wide", "as", "the", "em", "d", "ash", ".", "An", "em", "wid", "th", "is", "defin", "ed", "as", "the", "point", "size", "of", "the", "currently", "used", "f", "ont", ",", "since", "the", "M", "character", "is", "not", "always", "the", "wid", "th", "of", "the", "point", "size", ".", "In", "running", "text", ",", "various", "d", "ash", "con", "vent", "ions", "are", "employ", "ed", ":", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "—", "like", "so", "—", "or", "a", "sp", "ac", "ed", "em", "d", "ash", "—", "like", "so", "—", "or", "a", "sp", "ac", "ed", "en", "d", "ash", "like", "s", "oc", "an", "be", "seen", "in", "contemporary", "public", "ations", ".", "Var", "ious", "style", "gu", "ides", "and", "national", "var", "iet", "ies", "of", "languages", "pres", "cr", "ibe", "different", "gu", "id", "ance", "on", "d", "ash", "es", ".", "D", "ash", "es", "have", "been", "c", "ited", "as", "being", "tre", "ated", "differ", "ently", "in", "the", "US", "and", "the", "UK", ",", "with", "the", "former", "pre", "fer", "ring", "the", "use", "of", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "with", "no", "additional", "sp", "ac", "ing", "and", "the", "latter", "pre", "fer", "ring", "a", "sp", "ac", "ed", "en", "d", "ash", ".", "As", "exam", "ples", "of", "the", "US", "style", ",", "The", "Chicago", "Man", "ual", "of", "St", "yle", "and", "The", "Public", "ation", "Man", "ual", "of", "the", "American", "P", "sych", "ological", "Association", "recomm", "end", "un", "sp", "ac", "ed", "em", "d", "ash", "es", ".", "St", "yle", "gu", "ides", "outside", "the", "US", "are", "more", "var", "i", "able", ".", "For", "example", ",", "The", "Ele", "ments", "of", "Ty", "po", "graph", "ic", "St", "yle", "by", "Canadian", "ty", "po", "grapher", "Robert", "Br", "ing", "hur", "st", "recomm", "ends", "the", "sp", "ac", "ed", "en", "d", "ash", "like", "so", "and", "arg", "ues", "that", "the", "length", "and", "vis", "ual", "mag", "n", "itude", "of", "an", "em", "d", "ash", "\"", "belong", "s", "to", "the", "p", "added", "and", "cor", "se", "ted", "a", "es", "the", "tic", "of", "Victor", "ian", "ty", "po", "graphy", "\".", "In", "the", "United", "Kingdom", ",", "the", "sp", "ac", "ed", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "the", "house", "style", "for", "certain", "major", "publish", "ers", ",", "including", "the", "P", "eng", "u", "in", "Group", ",", "the", "Cambridge", "University", "Press", ",", "and", "R", "out", "ledge", ".", "However", ",", "this", "con", "vention", "is", "not", "univers", "al", ".", "The", "Oxford", "Gu", "ide", "to", "St", "yle", "(", "2002", ",", "section", "5", ".", "10", ".", "10", ")", "ack", "now", "led", "ges", "that", "the", "sp", "ac", "ed", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "used", "by", "\"", "other", "British", "publish", "ers", "\"", "but", "states", "that", "the", "Oxford", "University", "Press", ",", "like", "\"", "most", "US", "publish", "ers", "\",", "uses", "the", "un", "sp", "ac", "ed", "em", "d", "ash", ".", "The", "en", "d", "ash", "always", "with", "sp", "aces", "in", "running", "text", "when", ",", "as", "discuss", "ed", "in", "this", "section", ",", "indic", "ating", "a", "par", "en", "thes", "is", "or", "p", "ause", "and", "the", "sp", "ac", "ed", "em", "d", "ash", "both", "have", "a", "certain", "techn", "ical", "adv", "ant", "age", "over", "the", "un", "sp", "ac", "ed", "em", "d", "ash", ".", "Most", "types", "et", "ting", "and", "word", "process", "ing", "ex", "pect", "s", "word", "sp", "ac", "ing", "to", "v", "ary", "to", "support", "full", "just", "ification", ".", "Al", "one", "among", "p", "un", "ct", "uation", "that", "mar", "ks", "p", "a", "uses", "or", "log", "ical", "relations", "in", "text", ",", "the", "un", "sp", "ac", "ed", "em", "d", "ash", "dis", "ables", "this", "for", "the", "words", "it", "fall", "s", "between", ".", "This", "can", "cause", "un", "even", "sp", "ac", "ing", "in", "the", "text", ",", "but", "can", "be", "mit", "ig", "ated", "by", "the", "use", "of", "th", "in", "sp", "aces", ",", "h", "air", "sp", "aces", ",", "or", "even", "zer", "o", "-", "wid", "th", "sp", "aces", "on", "the", "sides", "of", "the", "em", "d", "ash", ".", "This", "provides", "the", "appearance", "of", "an", "un", "sp", "ac", "ed", "em", "d", "ash", ",", "but", "allows", "the", "words", "and", "d", "ash", "es", "to", "break", "between", "lines", ".", "The", "sp", "ac", "ed", "em", "d", "ash", "ris", "ks", "introdu", "cing", "ex", "cess", "ive", "separ", "ation", "of", "words", ".", "In", "full", "just", "ification", ",", "the", "ad", "j", "ac", "ent", "sp", "aces", "may", "be", "st", "ret", "ch", "ed", ",", "and", "the", "separ", "ation", "of", "words", "further", "ex", "ag", "ger", "ated", ".", "En", "d", "ash", "es", "may", "also", "be", "pre", "fer", "red", "to", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "when", "text", "is", "set", "in", "nar", "row", "column", "s", ",", "such", "as", "in", "newsp", "apers", "and", "similar", "public", "ations", ",", "since", "the", "en", "d", "ash", "is", "smaller", ".", "In", "such", "cases", ",", "its", "use", "is", "based", "p", "ure", "ly", "on", "space", "consider", "ations", "and", "is", "not", "necess", "arily", "related", "to", "other", "ty", "po", "graph", "ical", "concer", "ns", ".", "On", "the", "other", "hand", ",", "a", "sp", "ac", "ed", "en", "d", "ash", "may", "be", "ambig", "u", "ous", "when", "it", "is", "also", "used", "for", "ran", "ges", ",", "for", "example", ",", "in", "d", "ates", "or", "between", "ge", "ograph", "ical", "loc", "ations", "with", "in", "ternal", "sp", "aces", ".", "Hor", "iz", "ont", "al", "bar", "The", "hor", "iz", "ont", "al", "bar", "(),", "also", "known", "as", "a", "qu", "ot", "ation", "d", "ash", ",", "is", "used", "to", "introdu", "ce", "qu", "ot", "ed", "text", ".", "This", "is", "the", "standard", "method", "of", "print", "ing", "dial", "ogue", "in", "some", "languages", ".", "The", "em", "d", "ash", "is", "equ", "ally", "suit", "able", "if", "the", "qu", "ot", "ation", "d", "ash", "is", "un", "available", "or", "is", "contr", "ary", "to", "the", "house", "style", "being", "used", ".", "There", "is", "no", "support", "in", "the", "standard", "Te", "X", "f", "on", "ts", ",", "but", "one", "can", "use", "\\", "h", "box", "{", "-", "-", "-", "}", "\\", "k", "ern", "-", ".", "5", "em", "-", "-", "-", "or", "an", "em", "d", "ash", ".", "Sw", "ung", "d", "ash", "The", "sw", "ung", "d", "ash", "()", "res", "emb", "les", "a", "l", "eng", "then", "ed", "t", "il", "de", "and", "is", "used", "to", "separate", "altern", "atives", "or", "approx", "im", "ates", ".", "In", "d", "iction", "aries", ",", "it", "is", "frequ", "ently", "used", "to", "stand", "in", "for", "the", "term", "being", "defin", "ed", ".", "A", "d", "iction", "ary", "entry", "providing", "an", "example", "for", "the", "term", "h", "ence", "for", "th", "might", "employ", "the", "sw", "ung", "d", "ash", "as", "follows", ":", "h", "ence", "for", "th", "(", "adv", ".)", "from", "this", "time", "for", "th", ";", "from", "now", "on", ";", "\"", "⁓", "she", "will", "be", "known", "as", "Mr", "s", ".", "Wales", "\"", "Ty", "ping", "the", "characters", "Ty", "pe", "writers", "and", "comp", "u", "ters", "often", "have", "no", "key", "that", "produ", "ces", "a", "d", "ash", ".", "In", "con", "sequ", "ence", ",", "it", "became", "common", "to", "use", "the", "hy", "phen", ".", "It", "is", "common", "for", "a", "single", "hy", "phen", "surround", "ed", "by", "sp", "aces", "to", "represent", "an", "en", "d", "ash", ",", "and", "for", "two", "hy", "ph", "ens", "to", "represent", "an", "em", "d", "ash", ".", "(", "A", "hy", "phen", "surround", "ed", "by", "other", "characters", "is", "a", "hy", "phen", ",", "with", "a", "space", "before", "it", "or", "with", "dig", "its", "it", "is", "a", "min", "us", "sign", ".)", "Modern", "word", "-", "process", "ing", "software", "typically", "has", "support", "for", "many", "more", "characters", "and", "is", "usually", "cap", "able", "of", "r", "end", "ering", "both", "the", "en", "and", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "cor", "rect", "ly", "—", "al", "be", "it", "sometimes", "with", "an", "in", "con", "ven", "ient", "in", "put", "method", ".", "Techn", "i", "ques", "for", "gener", "ating", "em", "and", "en", "d", "ash", "es", "in", "various", "operating", "systems", ",", "word", "process", "ors", "and", "mark", "up", "languages", "are", "provided", "in", "the", "following", "table", ":", "Un", "ico", "de", "In", "other", "languages", "In", "many", "languages", ",", "such", "as", "Polish", ",", "the", "em", "d", "ash", "is", "used", "as", "an", "opening", "qu", "ot", "ation", "mark", ".", "There", "is", "no", "match", "ing", "clos", "ing", "qu", "ot", "ation", "mark", ";", "typically", "a", "new", "par", "ag", "rap", "h", "will", "be", "started", ",", "introduced", "by", "a", "d", "ash", ",", "for", "each", "turn", "in", "the", "dial", "ogue", ".", "Cor", "p", "us", "studies", "indic", "ate", "that", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "are", "more", "commonly", "used", "in", "Russian", "than", "in", "English", ".", "In", "Russian", ",", "the", "em", "d", "ash", "is", "used", "for", "the", "present", "cop", "ula", "(", "meaning", "\"", "am", "\"", "/", "\"", "is", "\"", "/", "\"", "are", "\"", "),", "which", "is", "un", "pr", "on", "oun", "ced", "in", "sp", "ok", "en", "Russian", ".", "In", "French", ",", "em", "or", "en", "d", "ash", "es", "can", "be", "used", "as", "par", "en", "thes", "es", "(", "br", "ack", "ets", "),", "but", "the", "use", "of", "a", "second", "d", "ash", "as", "a", "clos", "ing", "par", "en", "thes", "is", "is", "opt", "ional", ".", "When", "a", "clos", "ing", "d", "ash", "is", "not", "used", ",", "the", "sent", "ence", "is", "ended", "with", "a", "period", "(", "full", "-", "stop", ")", "as", "us", "ual", ".", "D", "ash", "es", "are", ",", "however", ",", "much", "less", "common", "than", "par", "en", "thes", "es", ".", "In", "Spanish", ",", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "can", "be", "used", "to", "mark", "off", "par", "en", "the", "t", "ical", "ph", "r", "ases", ".", "Un", "like", "in", "English", ",", "the", "em", "d", "ash", "es", "are", "sp", "ac", "ed", "like", "br", "ack", "ets", ",", "i", ".", "e", ".,", "there", "is", "a", "space", "between", "main", "sent", "ence", "and", "d", "ash", ",", "but", "not", "between", "par", "en", "the", "t", "ical", "ph", "r", "ase", "and", "d", "ash", ".", "See", "also", "Le", "id", "en", "Con", "vent", "ions", "–", "rules", "to", "indic", "ate", "conditions", "in", "te", "x", "ts", "(", "us", "age", "of", "\"", "[", "—", "—", "—", "]", "\")", "S", "ign", "ature", "d", "ash", "es", "–", "sign", "ature", "del", "im", "iter", "in", "em", "ails", "(", "us", "age", "of", "\"", "-", "-", "\"", "in", "a", "single", "line", ")", "Wh", "ites", "p", "ace", "characters", "–", "sp", "aces", "of", "equ", "ival", "ent", "s", "izes", "to", "d", "ash", "es", "Ex", "plan", "atory", "notes", "References", "External", "links", "W", "ik", "t", "ion", "ary", "list", "of", "English", "ph", "r", "ases", "with", "em", "d", "ash", "D", "ash", "es", "and", "Hy", "ph", "ens", "Common", "ly", "conf", "used", "characters", "P", "un", "ct", "uation", "Ty", "po", "graphy" ]
[ 24627, 72, 25124, 24593, 69, 84, 24631, 24637, 26984, 25571, 27062, 24599, 24595, 69, 25444, 26623, 24782, 25349, 24591, 25315, 18, 24805, 24593, 26473, 24581, 27775, 24601, 24585, 25017, 27874, 24835, 24593, 28475, 24596, 27890, 27933, 24672, 24585, 26253, 29741, 18, 24627, 25066, 26771, 29679, 24686, 24585, 24725, 25124, 16, 28005, 28475, 25208, 24585, 25017, 27874, 24835, 24690, 24586, 24621, 25208, 24585, 24931, 24640, 25314, 31, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 16, 28475, 25208, 27360, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24586, 24585, 24931, 24640, 25314, 31, 24596, 24585, 26623, 24782, 25349, 24591, 26403, 16, 27524, 27663, 25411, 24675, 26836, 26747, 25678, 24589, 24835, 88, 26949, 24601, 24636, 25142, 26055, 24595, 24585, 24587, 24596, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 18, 25592, 24657, 24585, 25551, 29764, 25087, 16, 24581, 28181, 24589, 17, 28346, 24826, 27153, 24595, 25643, 24950, 25883, 24678, 24686, 16, 72, 25124, 24589, 24686, 24866, 26198, 24682, 27279, 24688, 69, 24580, 24581, 25889, 84, 25510, 16, 25033, 28577, 24602, 16, 25884, 17, 24947, 28968, 26169, 25868, 16, 24586, 26298, 24595, 27553, 18, 24627, 72, 25124, 24589, 24686, 26273, 24633, 28475, 12, 24594, 24581, 25478, 48, 24717, 24600, 28346, 24826, 25009, 24617, 13, 24586, 28429, 24595, 25017, 24844, 24845, 12, 24594, 24581, 51, 24585, 80, 25169, 28346, 24826, 25009, 25127, 27455, 25060, 24752, 16, 24585, 72, 25124, 24589, 24686, 26133, 16, 24835, 24809, 28708, 16, 24970, 29163, 24588, 24647, 69, 24898, 69, 16, 27916, 16, 24586, 25796, 24597, 24612, 24584, 18, 24657, 24940, 26688, 16, 24581, 28498, 29284, 25504, 27511, 11, 87, 24964, 26077, 24645, 25064, 16, 24585, 28188, 27115, 24596, 72, 25124, 24686, 24866, 26198, 24618, 24596, 25748, 24737, 30, 25241, 24643, 24767, 16, 25779, 29470, 16, 24581, 24777, 88, 16, 25911, 24734, 16, 24879, 25926, 16, 72, 26416, 24679, 16, 25033, 25315, 31, 25133, 81, 24888, 25180, 16, 25091, 24657, 28033, 26743, 87, 31, 26071, 28348, 25229, 93, 24714, 27903, 16, 24596, 70, 24850, 93, 24714, 50, 28060, 18, 29956, 24902, 24635, 27652, 11, 72, 16, 26315, 93, 24714, 39, 24686, 25134, 26924, 25180, 16, 24601, 25207, 24810, 28553, 24598, 29503, 18, 24657, 26757, 59, 24598, 24663, 28346, 24826, 25024, 25124, 16, 24593, 55, 24645, 24894, 24651, 25186, 11, 86, 24797, 27865, 24700, 87, 6518, 24596, 40, 25124, 24589, 4993, 27421, 84, 24589, 24595, 72, 25124, 57, 87, 24754, 25411, 24675, 25379, 25880, 25407, 24596, 25880, 24858, 29244, 16, 24835, 24585, 24640, 25132, 24652, 25519, 24921, 24618, 24585, 25066, 26771, 72, 25124, 24589, 24581, 28346, 24826, 25407, 26190, 24686, 25639, 30, 24800, 12, 24631, 24878, 24616, 24588, 13, 24635, 72, 25124, 24586, 69, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24587, 72, 25124, 24995, 24636, 25030, 24601, 25571, 69, 27115, 24581, 69, 26171, 24881, 16, 24596, 69, 27904, 24995, 24636, 25030, 24601, 25139, 24894, 69, 25041, 24587, 24585, 88, 24757, 25981, 25138, 18, 25056, 26919, 30, 24800, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 24835, 24809, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 16, 27279, 24855, 24878, 24841, 24586, 26035, 27766, 16, 25072, 24598, 25345, 24600, 25468, 6, 24596, 25243, 6, 24601, 25243, 24586, 6, 25172, 25157, 25056, 26919, 30, 24800, 24635, 72, 25124, 24586, 26623, 24782, 25349, 24591, 26403, 16, 24835, 24809, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 24593, 25030, 24601, 25139, 24894, 24585, 28504, 24595, 69, 26340, 24715, 24643, 24626, 18, 25056, 26919, 30, 37, 26623, 24782, 25349, 24591, 26403, 12, 24762, 25446, 24715, 24643, 24626, 72, 25124, 13, 24586, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 16, 24835, 24809, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 26335, 24730, 24715, 24643, 24588, 26190, 18, 24657, 24581, 24839, 24591, 24652, 24680, 92, 24704, 16, 69, 25017, 27874, 17, 24931, 24640, 26399, 24593, 26133, 25030, 24594, 69, 25097, 26217, 24618, 24583, 24725, 25124, 16, 24594, 24593, 69, 27904, 24595, 25017, 27874, 17, 24931, 26332, 26399, 24618, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 16, 25936, 24585, 25017, 27874, 17, 24931, 24640, 28094, 28117, 24593, 25483, 25038, 26926, 24584, 25066, 25597, 24807, 25598, 18, 24627, 24786, 24601, 25779, 24600, 24768, 25678, 25554, 24595, 26809, 17, 26256, 24599, 29387, 26133, 25779, 24600, 26396, 25639, 24601, 24585, 24819, 24902, 25761, 25686, 25779, 29470, 24839, 24595, 72, 25124, 18, 42, 24628, 24794, 72, 25124, 24627, 29422, 72, 25124, 26399, 24808, 24585, 25515, 26942, 24580, 24594, 69, 25186, 24582, 24757, 27699, 24598, 18, 12, 27286, 74, 24584, 24704, 24920, 27699, 24783, 24595, 25999, 24591, 26942, 24580, 27551, 24805, 24593, 25030, 25880, 29088, 25221, 24594, 24585, 29758, 25387, 27600, 25, 4991, 20, 24778, 16, 27795, 24581, 29634, 87, 25165, 24594, 24601, 29314, 25329, 24718, 18, 24657, 25216, 24745, 16, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 26399, 24593, 28005, 25030, 24618, 69, 26645, 24595, 25595, 25966, 18, 24627, 24931, 24640, 25314, 26399, 75, 24633, 24844, 24593, 28005, 25139, 69, 27857, 27933, 16, 25165, 24594, 24601, 24636, 25846, 24651, 24585, 26623, 24782, 25349, 24591, 26403, 24595, 24585, 24659, 24640, 25314, 18, 24657, 24581, 24839, 24591, 24640, 24754, 16, 24585, 25017, 27874, 17, 24931, 24640, 29872, 27380, 24594, 27913, 24584, 25066, 25597, 24807, 25598, 16, 24593, 26133, 25030, 27520, 24595, 24585, 29422, 72, 25124, 18, 24657, 25431, 60, 16, 24585, 27913, 74, 24584, 24704, 24920, 25159, 29422, 72, 25124, 31, 26537, 16, 24585, 27699, 24783, 25248, 81, 24904, 24663, 24920, 24585, 25515, 26942, 24580, 24594, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 25165, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 24995, 24636, 69, 25097, 27486, 24618, 24585, 29422, 72, 25124, 18, 24657, 60, 73, 25760, 25431, 60, 16, 24748, 24995, 25043, 64, 25316, 6, 25512, 18, 24627, 27537, 28402, 25912, 25493, 24734, 74, 25349, 24762, 24808, 24585, 29422, 72, 25124, 75, 24633, 24844, 18, 24879, 72, 25124, 24627, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 24587, 29086, 16, 24586, 82, 24660, 72, 25124, 24593, 26717, 24904, 26202, 24585, 26942, 24580, 24595, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 18, 24657, 26757, 74, 24584, 24704, 16, 24585, 27663, 24595, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 24809, 27913, 25380, 16, 24596, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 26133, 25060, 25208, 26202, 24585, 26942, 24580, 24595, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 18, 24627, 26942, 25136, 24595, 24587, 24596, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 24920, 24762, 24948, 25114, 25798, 24594, 25270, 25999, 24591, 24601, 26055, 24595, 24585, 29101, 17, 26464, 25171, 24998, 50, 24596, 49, 16, 29268, 16, 24596, 24590, 24858, 26418, 24601, 24585, 26942, 25136, 24595, 24585, 27615, 17, 26464, 25171, 24998, 18, 57, 87, 24754, 24627, 25151, 25039, 26332, 24595, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24686, 24601, 26470, 24637, 28094, 25547, 25429, 24598, 27334, 16, 25221, 24594, 24585, 24907, 26949, 24595, 69, 26645, 24586, 24907, 25574, 27751, 24586, 28246, 26834, 24601, 25216, 24745, 25595, 25966, 24586, 29171, 24688, 69, 28286, 25142, 24907, 24580, 24939, 24601, 24770, 24742, 27094, 26046, 24589, 16, 25072, 24748, 24595, 24585, 29578, 24598, 27334, 24593, 27892, 69, 24770, 24742, 54, 24822, 24589, 24595, 25595, 25966, 24627, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 29300, 25030, 24601, 27279, 24688, 69, 27216, 26645, 24595, 25595, 25966, 69, 26645, 24651, 27946, 24633, 27347, 24588, 24596, 24943, 24850, 29101, 24596, 27615, 27219, 26868, 27783, 24633, 25314, 28421, 26111, 28792, 24858, 91, 25279, 24636, 28113, 24712, 24647, 24585, 26809, 6, 25172, 6, 24581, 24868, 25407, 16, 24586, 6, 24601, 6, 24581, 25731, 25407, 18, 25111, 25345, 25915, 24771, 26182, 25221, 24594, 26055, 25142, 72, 24855, 16, 26418, 16, 24586, 29088, 18, 29389, 25044, 25698, 25309, 25815, 25448, 86, 24847, 24927, 26645, 27279, 24626, 25698, 24601, 25089, 25041, 24587, 24585, 88, 24757, 24586, 88, 24662, 25119, 81, 26130, 16, 25609, 29673, 6, 24601, 6, 24586, 6, 25172, 6, 24581, 27831, 26190, 18, 27058, 25947, 24618, 25017, 27874, 29217, 18, 24587, 72, 25124, 24581, 24771, 26182, 25411, 24675, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 24585, 37, 28594, 25698, 12, 25533, 24942, 24585, 24868, 52, 27426, 26405, 26196, 13, 26332, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 24581, 24771, 26182, 16, 24835, 24585, 37, 27643, 25698, 12, 25533, 24942, 24585, 24868, 28999, 26196, 13, 26332, 69, 25017, 27874, 30, 26726, 25698, 25309, 25815, 12, 25260, 24585, 25409, 24814, 24618, 24585, 57, 24620, 24595, 24585, 25731, 28148, 24595, 24739, 24783, 12, 55, 45, 13, 24596, 24585, 37, 27643, 25310, 25132, 24595, 24709, 25495, 13, 29839, 24725, 24682, 16, 25091, 69, 25387, 26645, 28792, 24636, 28536, 25939, 24588, 24594, 25097, 24664, 26146, 16, 24585, 26809, 6, 24601, 6, 26794, 24636, 25030, 27520, 24595, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 6, 69, 25561, 88, 24754, 24595, 25681, 58, 24601, 26023, 58, 6, 24593, 24970, 24720, 24914, 24601, 25916, 6, 69, 25561, 88, 24754, 24595, 25681, 4992, 26023, 58, 25157, 27689, 24712, 24633, 16, 24581, 24771, 26182, 24682, 25915, 28521, 25077, 29088, 16, 6, 24601, 6, 24593, 25030, 24601, 28387, 24630, 29069, 89, 24683, 24586, 24766, 79, 24993, 26060, 12, 24618, 26919, 16, 6, 28595, 24590, 25224, 24771, 26162, 24672, 5313, 24722, 143, 39, 24601, 5313, 26844, 143, 39, 6, 24874, 24805, 24593, 24762, 26603, 28576, 25698, 12, 26066, 28387, 25641, 13, 24601, 25043, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24581, 25468, 24595, 24585, 28899, 6, 24601, 6, 24586, 6, 24596, 6, 24581, 24844, 86, 27190, 24682, 25181, 24585, 26769, 24672, 60, 24601, 61, 24596, 25142, 60, 24596, 61, 18, 27689, 24626, 26705, 24596, 26470, 25509, 24627, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 25030, 24601, 25216, 24745, 25595, 25966, 24586, 29171, 24688, 69, 28286, 25142, 24907, 24580, 24939, 18, 24889, 24611, 26814, 24595, 24927, 24640, 24754, 25915, 30, 25938, 28692, 24868, 26333, 83, 69, 26156, 4992, 20, 18, 26483, 24757, 4992, 26275, 24641, 29397, 24793, 27929, 4992, 29567, 25579, 27895, 24871, 25288, 4992, 25712, 29029, 12, 26537, 16, 24598, 25345, 24636, 25135, 29335, 24682, 24871, 25288, 4992, 24601, 17, 25712, 29029, 24593, 25060, 26021, 27502, 24688, 25936, 24871, 25288, 24593, 69, 25789, 25364, 28429, 24595, 24907, 25595, 24630, 28899, 31, 24651, 69, 25789, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 24585, 24844, 86, 24963, 24593, 29069, 89, 24797, 24596, 25803, 27420, 27360, 25487, 24789, 24672, 24871, 25288, 24601, 25712, 24586, 24871, 29029, 24672, 25288, 24601, 25712, 31, 25221, 29069, 89, 24683, 24593, 24594, 24701, 26231, 25091, 25030, 25884, 17, 26171, 24881, 16, 25365, 16, 25936, 24595, 24585, 27447, 50, 24581, 6, 24871, 6, 27279, 25105, 24598, 24593, 69, 26318, 82, 24661, 24874, 27745, 72, 25124, 4992, 25017, 27874, 25043, 29355, 27639, 24631, 91, 25194, 93, 24586, 28828, 24601, 25016, 25567, 16, 24585, 26171, 24881, 24995, 24636, 24600, 24844, 86, 24919, 24618, 24691, 24592, 24683, 24596, 25483, 26382, 31, 24618, 26919, 16, 6, 24627, 29029, 24672, 24871, 25288, 24601, 25712, 24625, 69, 25603, 24594, 24738, 28668, 25157, 49, 24858, 4992, 26672, 28286, 24627, 28718, 26457, 29459, 25, 4992, 24, 24601, 24772, 25771, 24585, 27989, 18, 37, 28767, 24768, 24593, 26133, 25167, 25142, 6, 25672, 25603, 6, 27094, 26046, 24723, 24770, 24742, 87, 12, 26084, 24651, 69, 25017, 27874, 13, 24596, 24858, 25097, 28991, 12, 26084, 24651, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 27455, 24590, 27306, 24748, 25931, 24683, 25935, 24629, 25364, 84, 26859, 16, 25072, 24585, 27904, 24588, 28907, 26262, 93, 25999, 24591, 27499, 16, 24594, 24581, 24585, 56, 25772, 4992, 29567, 25145, 25928, 24601, 24636, 6, 25672, 25603, 25243, 25293, 26662, 28482, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 26021, 27502, 24688, 24581, 26802, 26612, 25221, 24594, 25639, 24601, 25833, 24585, 25041, 29536, 80, 28286, 16, 24594, 24581, 24585, 25629, 39, 24667, 4992, 25300, 24599, 24867, 27154, 24586, 25255, 24620, 4992, 41, 24581, 28430, 29910, 18, 26098, 24583, 24756, 24595, 24585, 57, 18, 55, 18, 27337, 24593, 25533, 25916, 24585, 28626, 24990, 24595, 24585, 25948, 25517, 24596, 25833, 25077, 24831, 29502, 25839, 24598, 16, 24585, 25017, 27874, 17, 24931, 24640, 24593, 25030, 24581, 24585, 25903, 26063, 31, 27335, 16, 24585, 25903, 26063, 24595, 26746, 26347, 25267, 21, 4992, 24623, 23, 24593, 6, 24627, 40, 24694, 72, 17, 26741, 28231, 26235, 24693, 24839, 24596, 24924, 27198, 24582, 29935, 24768, 25928, 25243, 24651, 69, 25017, 27874, 17, 24931, 24640, 27641, 25208, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 25142, 6, 40, 24694, 72, 6, 24596, 6, 26741, 25157, 25805, 16, 25201, 24593, 69, 25469, 25947, 25142, 25191, 26592, 25533, 24618, 69, 25041, 29536, 80, 19, 24869, 28844, 24688, 28286, 25142, 24907, 24941, 24618, 26919, 16, 27883, 93, 24725, 24840, 50, 24851, 25255, 24620, 24596, 28095, 41, 24581, 28430, 24596, 25191, 26592, 25533, 24618, 69, 25789, 25560, 24831, 24798, 69, 24770, 24742, 29490, 16, 24763, 25345, 24636, 26084, 24651, 69, 25017, 27874, 24586, 69, 27138, 24835, 24809, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 24618, 26919, 16, 24585, 48, 25187, 24695, 17, 27902, 29312, 63, 25017, 27874, 65, 24593, 25533, 24942, 24748, 25560, 12, 25149, 48, 25187, 24695, 17, 27902, 24758, 24594, 24686, 38, 24881, 27902, 26265, 25080, 24596, 29989, 80, 24939, 28334, 27117, 24815, 24859, 18, 29630, 93, 24588, 27751, 25043, 72, 26289, 26868, 12, 26139, 16, 28069, 16, 29522, 25761, 24757, 16, 24596, 24721, 27367, 24757, 13, 24601, 24652, 28129, 24585, 25090, 29062, 24683, 12, 24596, 27335, 24585, 24606, 93, 25632, 13, 24618, 28162, 28188, 16, 26207, 24682, 25159, 24748, 24995, 27389, 25154, 24663, 24894, 25866, 18, 27058, 25947, 24618, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 27520, 24595, 69, 25017, 27874, 24581, 25639, 24869, 28844, 24688, 19, 28286, 19, 26470, 24768, 28991, 24595, 28188, 24593, 69, 81, 26130, 24595, 25698, 16, 24809, 24581, 24803, 24609, 24586, 24580, 27367, 24597, 6, 25779, 29470, 26060, 6, 31, 25379, 24686, 25999, 24904, 6, 25779, 29470, 25243, 24596, 25703, 24593, 24585, 24970, 24720, 25204, 25698, 24581, 25191, 25698, 25309, 25815, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 24585, 24868, 25503, 28516, 40, 26289, 24713, 24595, 24585, 25407, 48, 25610, 24754, 16, 24585, 37, 27643, 25310, 25132, 24595, 24709, 25495, 16, 24596, 28520, 24775, 11, 87, 28069, 24600, 25947, 25994, 25043, 25017, 24844, 24845, 16, 24809, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 16, 24581, 24869, 28844, 24688, 28188, 12, 25221, 24594, 6, 29288, 17, 24816, 24667, 70, 24848, 25092, 6, 24758, 24581, 25090, 25580, 25865, 12, 25221, 24594, 6, 26892, 93, 24687, 17, 27361, 79, 24589, 25786, 24624, 24626, 25243, 6, 47, 24654, 29019, 17, 25443, 25092, 27579, 6, 24758, 24596, 25165, 24584, 18, 25197, 24664, 26046, 24723, 24770, 24742, 87, 24657, 25407, 16, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 27263, 25030, 27520, 24595, 69, 25017, 27874, 24581, 24770, 24742, 12, 24844, 86, 24594, 24591, 13, 27094, 26046, 25330, 24581, 24763, 24748, 24586, 25379, 28907, 24593, 27892, 69, 24770, 24742, 16, 27795, 25091, 24585, 24770, 24742, 24909, 24718, 24593, 24583, 25383, 24770, 24742, 16, 28453, 24598, 24593, 24809, 27892, 25017, 27874, 24712, 18, 25111, 24710, 25651, 24595, 24640, 24754, 25345, 25915, 25221, 27928, 26814, 24594, 30, 24627, 28527, 4992, 82, 24615, 25095, 25664, 26470, 24768, 12, 24585, 26470, 24768, 25142, 24585, 28527, 24596, 24585, 82, 24615, 25095, 25664, 16, 24809, 69, 25664, 26470, 24768, 25142, 24585, 28527, 24596, 82, 24615, 25095, 13, 37, 82, 24615, 25095, 25664, 4992, 25664, 27287, 28375, 12, 69, 28375, 25150, 24585, 82, 24615, 25095, 25664, 24596, 25664, 27287, 13, 27058, 4992, 27628, 25209, 26268, 52, 24649, 28881, 28596, 4992, 27099, 26675, 24871, 25288, 4992, 25698, 84, 24782, 26992, 24627, 25946, 4992, 25740, 28121, 24791, 24595, 24585, 25750, 24627, 25890, 4992, 25166, 25209, 25205, 26268, 12, 25685, 24686, 25890, 17, 25573, 26268, 16, 24763, 16, 24692, 24809, 28416, 24770, 24742, 24588, 12, 25890, 25573, 24758, 28362, 69, 25017, 27874, 16, 24809, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 18, 24627, 25469, 25947, 24593, 24682, 25573, 24593, 24809, 24583, 25383, 24770, 24742, 16, 25072, 24594, 25166, 25209, 25205, 24593, 27551, 26781, 4992, 24871, 25409, 24734, 69, 29244, 24627, 24707, 4992, 24666, 24856, 28021, 69, 25444, 4992, 26883, 24591, 27663, 29098, 26268, 25801, 24811, 4992, 25413, 27565, 26516, 24627, 24685, 17, 25109, 28092, 4992, 26907, 17, 25109, 28092, 28435, 24688, 26746, 17, 25228, 4992, 27145, 17, 25228, 86, 25628, 86, 24675, 24627, 29576, 89, 25105, 27555, 24595, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24581, 25639, 29882, 87, 24625, 29171, 24712, 24647, 25963, 27546, 24596, 26680, 24581, 24627, 27983, 25272, 24595, 24709, 25495, 24651, 24585, 25528, 26919, 30, 26098, 24698, 24866, 27320, 24776, 69, 27860, 24596, 24698, 24866, 27320, 24776, 69, 29037, 26647, 24719, 26162, 16, 24585, 29412, 25684, 24625, 24581, 27325, 24633, 25533, 24698, 24866, 27320, 24776, 69, 27860, 17, 29037, 26647, 12, 25916, 69, 25017, 27874, 24758, 24763, 25803, 24636, 25033, 24970, 24826, 24594, 28453, 24682, 24862, 27664, 28239, 24747, 27988, 17, 26716, 18, 24800, 24707, 27594, 24601, 24585, 25043, 24595, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 24593, 27263, 25167, 25091, 24970, 29163, 24599, 24583, 28103, 17, 25017, 27874, 24712, 24770, 24742, 31, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 28005, 28387, 25641, 24594, 69, 26394, 26146, 24581, 24927, 26464, 18, 24889, 24611, 26814, 24595, 24927, 25915, 30, 25946, 17, 25407, 17, 24947, 25540, 24911, 29195, 24597, 29076, 24629, 29207, 17, 29614, 17, 24957, 26574, 26522, 24675, 25057, 24601, 17, 25073, 83, 17, 26085, 25996, 24627, 25890, 17, 28116, 17, 40, 28644, 26268, 25946, 17, 25621, 17, 27085, 29820, 24833, 24800, 24587, 72, 25124, 24995, 24636, 24600, 27067, 24601, 28387, 24630, 29069, 89, 24683, 16, 24835, 29070, 24956, 29069, 89, 24683, 24593, 24659, 69, 24640, 25569, 24593, 69, 26867, 75, 24718, 25230, 18, 37, 27643, 25698, 24600, 24967, 87, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 24581, 24585, 25528, 27928, 26814, 30, 25946, 4992, 25965, 17, 25344, 24599, 25946, 4992, 25407, 17, 25996, 78, 25891, 24702, 25946, 4992, 25273, 17, 28162, 29288, 25946, 4992, 53, 17, 91, 24820, 25148, 24670, 24695, 24727, 24581, 27111, 24768, 25946, 4992, 24816, 24667, 17, 26793, 25638, 27553, 87, 40, 24692, 24720, 24599, 29839, 24725, 24833, 24906, 28574, 24588, 27356, 16, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 27890, 29839, 25396, 27520, 24595, 69, 25017, 27874, 24581, 24770, 24742, 24614, 25304, 25330, 25072, 24687, 26837, 24791, 24595, 24585, 24614, 25304, 24723, 25357, 24692, 24675, 24585, 24858, 4993, 24682, 24593, 16, 25091, 25703, 25357, 24692, 24675, 24585, 82, 24661, 16, 24594, 24581, 28043, 4992, 76, 24688, 28286, 18, 24627, 27076, 25310, 25132, 24595, 24709, 25495, 12, 39, 49, 28644, 24758, 26537, 16, 25869, 24783, 24585, 25043, 24595, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24601, 24907, 25039, 26017, 24936, 24589, 30, 26204, 16, 25043, 24598, 24601, 27279, 24688, 24771, 26182, 24595, 24978, 16, 27907, 16, 24586, 24858, 28003, 24704, 16, 24586, 24581, 27457, 24858, 27714, 25072, 24598, 24600, 26872, 24585, 26809, 6, 24601, 25157, 26832, 16, 25043, 24598, 24581, 25468, 24595, 69, 25017, 27874, 24581, 69, 24770, 24742, 24614, 25304, 24723, 25091, 24748, 24595, 24585, 28907, 24595, 24585, 24614, 25304, 24723, 24593, 24583, 25383, 24770, 24742, 16, 24586, 25091, 24907, 24586, 25060, 24595, 24783, 28907, 24686, 24770, 24742, 87, 16, 25383, 24586, 25017, 27874, 24712, 18, 27910, 24593, 16, 24585, 39, 49, 28644, 27288, 24903, 25017, 24844, 24845, 24581, 26802, 26612, 25072, 25191, 24858, 25309, 25815, 27203, 24655, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 16, 24651, 24585, 25009, 24580, 27492, 26153, 28403, 24682, 6, 27076, 11, 87, 25948, 24620, 24595, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 26839, 24809, 25588, 24725, 24601, 25142, 25243, 24601, 29086, 24767, 24783, 25043, 24581, 6, 25473, 4992, 26113, 29118, 25157, 24657, 25639, 24907, 26332, 16, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 25248, 81, 24904, 25161, 24809, 24920, 24878, 26714, 25787, 25154, 18, 26726, 26127, 24583, 24707, 27594, 25091, 25002, 25466, 28281, 28387, 26808, 24878, 26714, 25345, 27400, 27984, 27879, 24586, 27416, 24694, 72, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 24770, 24686, 24651, 18, 25805, 16, 24858, 29866, 24913, 24638, 24846, 24596, 25338, 25201, 26794, 24636, 25159, 27138, 25142, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 24596, 24614, 78, 24616, 24609, 26190, 18, 26370, 29866, 25084, 24809, 25043, 69, 27138, 24581, 16, 24618, 26919, 16, 24586, 18, 25251, 24587, 24585, 27230, 24596, 24858, 26332, 24590, 24585, 26171, 24881, 25846, 24879, 72, 25124, 24589, 24995, 24636, 25030, 27520, 24595, 84, 26859, 24595, 24898, 24594, 24682, 25571, 24894, 69, 82, 26198, 24691, 25510, 24586, 24844, 86, 24963, 18, 25594, 24995, 24762, 24636, 25030, 25787, 25041, 24587, 24585, 88, 24757, 27352, 24921, 25221, 24594, 24927, 24748, 27641, 25208, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 24970, 24720, 25204, 24647, 25191, 27965, 24629, 18, 24627, 24587, 72, 25124, 24995, 24762, 25314, 27877, 69, 86, 24607, 27660, 24757, 84, 25510, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 24583, 24644, 24581, 24602, 29282, 24672, 24627, 28820, 24669, 24593, 24609, 24598, 25121, 30, 25067, 83, 24593, 24601, 25237, 24741, 24618, 24585, 26106, 24613, 24621, 24599, 24887, 25376, 35, 26158, 79, 27046, 27092, 24598, 11, 87, 24807, 24605, 24629, 24596, 24885, 24657, 25639, 26117, 89, 24833, 16, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 27139, 24920, 69, 25789, 27138, 24584, 25703, 25615, 18, 24805, 24635, 25868, 25571, 41, 26837, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24586, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 25345, 24636, 25030, 24594, 69, 28268, 25171, 24590, 24585, 25457, 24595, 25703, 24598, 24635, 24581, 69, 28268, 24604, 24826, 25432, 18, 12, 25111, 24593, 69, 81, 26130, 24595, 25761, 24597, 25405, 27641, 25208, 24586, 24580, 27070, 27551, 27421, 24902, 25485, 29762, 24599, 24657, 25066, 26332, 24595, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 16, 25221, 24594, 25091, 25030, 24581, 27279, 25105, 24771, 26182, 16, 25002, 24686, 27216, 24772, 24601, 24585, 26203, 28899, 18, 24805, 24593, 25089, 25091, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 24686, 25030, 24581, 25139, 25737, 24894, 25041, 24587, 24585, 88, 24757, 27352, 24921, 25221, 24594, 24927, 24748, 24682, 25002, 26294, 24878, 26714, 25787, 25154, 18, 25056, 25060, 24584, 24585, 24872, 24811, 24595, 24635, 25388, 24640, 24587, 24581, 24927, 24652, 26190, 16, 26068, 24879, 72, 25124, 25388, 24640, 24635, 72, 25124, 18, 24879, 71, 24694, 24599, 24596, 25097, 27486, 26098, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 24631, 26926, 24581, 69, 26738, 26096, 26485, 24694, 24599, 27936, 4993, 24594, 24581, 24585, 37, 28824, 25205, 26096, 25139, 4993, 25201, 24686, 25191, 24652, 25519, 25183, 25097, 26566, 24921, 18, 28119, 25026, 24907, 24652, 28603, 24723, 25017, 24844, 24845, 24686, 24585, 25097, 26217, 18, 24627, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 26485, 24694, 24588, 24581, 24739, 25942, 24650, 24594, 57, 15, 25578, 12, 25438, 29784, 28, 25004, 21, 13, 24596, 27544, 24581, 44, 56, 29168, 24647, 24585, 25533, 26096, 24609, 24683, 10, 26413, 25124, 31, 18, 24627, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 27890, 25030, 24594, 69, 25097, 26217, 24618, 24585, 24931, 24640, 25314, 16, 25091, 24585, 24931, 24640, 25314, 26096, 24593, 24809, 26926, 25570, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 27263, 24585, 25515, 26942, 24580, 24594, 69, 24659, 24640, 25314, 24596, 24593, 26133, 26926, 25091, 24585, 24931, 24640, 25314, 24593, 24809, 31, 26068, 27962, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 24585, 25967, 28, 17, 27529, 26365, 25000, 24690, 25627, 24616, 24621, 55, 24645, 24798, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 25043, 25180, 24618, 24585, 24931, 24640, 25314, 16, 25100, 25327, 24739, 25942, 24650, 24651, 69, 29115, 24931, 24640, 25314, 24625, 26926, 18, 24627, 25017, 27874, 17, 24931, 24640, 24593, 27263, 27639, 28652, 25032, 24601, 26127, 69, 24819, 24902, 25761, 25686, 29774, 24914, 24931, 24640, 25314, 18, 25805, 16, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24995, 24809, 24636, 25030, 24618, 69, 24931, 24640, 25314, 24581, 29390, 29244, 25936, 24585, 27117, 27480, 27263, 25609, 28849, 69, 25017, 27874, 17, 24931, 24640, 18, 25971, 72, 25124, 24627, 24635, 72, 25124, 16, 24635, 29086, 16, 24586, 29360, 24915, 72, 25124, 24593, 28475, 25208, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 18, 24627, 26096, 24593, 25446, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 25936, 24598, 24593, 24748, 24635, 26677, 16, 69, 27663, 24682, 25411, 24675, 25836, 24599, 24584, 24585, 74, 25349, 27321, 18, 25954, 24635, 24593, 24585, 25515, 27663, 24594, 24585, 74, 25349, 11, 87, 24607, 24789, 12, 24763, 24593, 29496, 27429, 25638, 24581, 26517, 24874, 28029, 24581, 29, 17, 25992, 26747, 16, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 24593, 28139, 26517, 26677, 16, 25293, 24581, 25384, 17, 25992, 26747, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 24593, 25384, 26517, 26677, 18, 25920, 24770, 24592, 25670, 16, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 24651, 24783, 26942, 24580, 16, 24593, 24581, 25066, 74, 24584, 24704, 27360, 69, 26202, 17, 24635, 26677, 24586, 24585, 26942, 24580, 24595, 24583, 29101, 17, 26464, 6, 50, 25157, 24627, 24635, 72, 25124, 24593, 26485, 24694, 24588, 24581, 24739, 25942, 24650, 24594, 57, 15, 25590, 12, 25438, 29784, 28, 25004, 22, 13, 24596, 27544, 24581, 44, 56, 29168, 24647, 24585, 25533, 26096, 24609, 24683, 10, 81, 72, 25124, 31, 18, 57, 87, 24754, 24627, 24635, 72, 25124, 24593, 25030, 24581, 25548, 26308, 18, 24805, 24593, 28974, 25030, 24581, 26872, 25072, 69, 25139, 24595, 25041, 24587, 27630, 24589, 24586, 69, 27916, 28792, 24858, 91, 25279, 24636, 25030, 16, 24596, 24598, 24995, 24762, 25339, 24583, 24662, 28577, 26298, 24581, 28208, 12, 24586, 24583, 25033, 28577, 24602, 24581, 24947, 28968, 13, 24586, 24636, 25030, 25072, 69, 26453, 27282, 12, 26000, 13, 24593, 27639, 26707, 24596, 69, 24898, 69, 24593, 27639, 24887, 24700, 18, 25971, 72, 25124, 24589, 24686, 24762, 25030, 24601, 25139, 24894, 27198, 25748, 24675, 24586, 27347, 25876, 18, 27620, 26332, 24596, 27347, 25876, 24686, 71, 24863, 27962, 24651, 27928, 26814, 18, 28615, 17, 25692, 25043, 26525, 25603, 25999, 25628, 24881, 12, 24586, 25532, 17, 25999, 25628, 24881, 13, 24595, 27916, 24596, 24635, 72, 25124, 28336, 24591, 79, 28053, 25547, 24702, 24686, 24585, 24640, 25132, 25097, 28032, 24883, 30, 87, 24694, 25394, 16, 27078, 24732, 25394, 16, 24596, 80, 24642, 25394, 18, 28336, 24591, 79, 28053, 25547, 24702, 24686, 24585, 24640, 25132, 25097, 28032, 24883, 4993, 87, 24694, 25394, 16, 27078, 24732, 25394, 16, 24596, 80, 24642, 25394, 18, 24657, 26147, 24595, 24585, 27636, 24595, 69, 27916, 26370, 24686, 24585, 24908, 24903, 24595, 24585, 29435, 30, 25204, 16, 26711, 16, 24596, 29365, 18, 26152, 16, 26711, 16, 24596, 29365, 4993, 25639, 24686, 24585, 24908, 24903, 24595, 24585, 29435, 18, 25251, 24587, 27630, 24593, 17, 25692, 25043, 26525, 25603, 25999, 25628, 24881, 12, 24586, 25532, 17, 25999, 25628, 24881, 13, 24595, 27904, 24588, 25041, 24587, 24585, 88, 24757, 25748, 24737, 25685, 24686, 25041, 24587, 27630, 24589, 24651, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 30, 28336, 24591, 79, 28053, 25547, 24702, 12, 87, 24694, 25394, 16, 27078, 24732, 25394, 16, 24596, 80, 24642, 25394, 13, 24686, 24585, 24640, 25132, 25097, 28032, 24883, 18, 28336, 24591, 79, 28053, 25547, 24702, 4993, 87, 24694, 25394, 16, 27078, 24732, 25394, 16, 24596, 80, 24642, 25394, 4993, 24686, 24585, 24640, 25132, 25097, 28032, 24883, 18, 25685, 24686, 24898, 24594, 16, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 24596, 25041, 24587, 27630, 24589, 12, 29268, 13, 25091, 25159, 24581, 25023, 24898, 24594, 25033, 25232, 73, 30, 24627, 27738, 16, 24763, 24625, 25977, 24597, 25044, 16, 25930, 24888, 24588, 24885, 24595, 25664, 18, 24627, 27738, 4993, 24763, 24625, 25977, 24597, 25044, 4993, 25930, 24888, 24588, 24885, 24595, 25664, 18, 24627, 27738, 12, 24763, 24625, 25977, 24597, 25044, 13, 25930, 24888, 24588, 24885, 24595, 25664, 18, 27040, 88, 24604, 25469, 24827, 24581, 84, 24631, 24637, 26984, 24805, 25345, 27279, 24688, 24583, 25033, 24982, 24626, 26707, 24582, 25208, 24682, 25826, 24592, 71, 24712, 24647, 25041, 24587, 27630, 24589, 16, 24594, 24581, 24585, 25528, 24672, 50, 24708, 24612, 24951, 38, 26704, 11, 87, 24627, 25443, 94, 94, 24583, 24734, 12, 24585, 27261, 24595, 25469, 25947, 24593, 27553, 24723, 24874, 6, 25197, 24682, 24754, 45, 26995, 24606, 24662, 27565, 25148, 26066, 26187, 16, 29855, 16, 24651, 69, 27904, 24595, 84, 24581, 25889, 24971, 25289, 24581, 24585, 26447, 24595, 24585, 24687, 25188, 16, 24587, 86, 26231, 25936, 24607, 24798, 24948, 26207, 24585, 24770, 24600, 76, 26574, 25822, 24819, 17, 25253, 17, 24810, 24632, 24584, 25709, 24632, 27002, 26938, 4993, 25260, 24585, 27096, 24596, 28735, 24810, 24632, 25285, 4993, 24596, 25084, 24809, 25171, 24885, 27416, 26005, 24959, 24590, 24585, 26938, 24601, 26068, 26754, 25709, 24632, 27002, 24798, 24606, 24662, 24608, 25380, 24585, 25679, 17, 24581, 24810, 24632, 24584, 24690, 24592, 25863, 24582, 25016, 24585, 88, 26306, 24595, 24810, 24632, 25285, 25215, 26620, 28577, 24602, 24595, 69, 24947, 26704, 26620, 28577, 24602, 24647, 25191, 24748, 24613, 24620, 6, 26885, 45, 11, 81, 25378, 24599, 24601, 26153, 24667, 24682, 45, 4993, 6, 6, 45, 11, 81, 24766, 24686, 24595, 93, 24714, 26286, 24628, 25105, 28837, 24656, 24606, 26612, 16, 24835, 93, 24714, 28521, 25077, 24866, 29961, 24625, 24707, 25013, 24723, 25215, 24657, 69, 26974, 25043, 16, 24598, 25345, 25423, 25520, 27279, 24688, 24585, 24690, 27511, 25142, 24947, 28614, 25091, 25002, 24752, 80, 24654, 24581, 24947, 28968, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 24593, 25030, 24927, 24968, 24581, 27294, 44, 29845, 11, 87, 39, 25229, 17, 25127, 30, 24736, 24625, 39, 24667, 16, 57, 24633, 87, 28859, 16, 24585, 42, 27679, 27442, 24710, 31, 24607, 24625, 48, 24643, 24581, 55, 24694, 24605, 16, 24821, 25523, 24600, 24595, 24585, 55, 24586, 25032, 87, 16, 55, 24887, 25410, 93, 24581, 24585, 26540, 24599, 25544, 26134, 26904, 24589, 18, 24736, 24625, 24585, 27633, 24616, 24604, 24599, 25204, 25397, 62, 17, 25129, 27, 18, 24736, 24625, 4993, 6, 39, 24840, 27953, 5, 6, 29889, 27409, 24582, 25033, 27552, 24826, 16, 24690, 86, 24716, 25889, 18, 6, 27910, 11, 87, 26111, 27065, 24686, 5, 39, 24840, 27953, 5, 6, 6, 4993, 24634, 25203, 24620, 18, 45, 11, 81, 69, 26169, 16, 25608, 24611, 17, 70, 24822, 16, 26260, 24655, 17, 24601, 17, 26663, 26060, 16, 25151, 17, 74, 24641, 24588, 25979, 28783, 24582, 18, 45, 11, 81, 69, 70, 26759, 74, 24814, 24701, 24666, 24611, 24583, 25215, 55, 25389, 17, 25033, 28577, 24602, 26525, 25603, 24600, 25390, 24595, 69, 25981, 25138, 24594, 24748, 11, 87, 25365, 24704, 24895, 24612, 24961, 24584, 24585, 29410, 30, 6, 45, 25466, 28281, 45, 24690, 24663, 4993, 25159, 16, 45, 11, 81, 27871, 24601, 25161, 24598, 25215, 24924, 26041, 24659, 25077, 24586, 24635, 24643, 25183, 24664, 24916, 24599, 24894, 12, 27263, 24581, 29885, 28988, 24586, 24581, 24818, 25560, 82, 24848, 25077, 26828, 6, 45, 25948, 24620, 25191, 26592, 31, 69, 29643, 45, 11, 24961, 24809, 29582, 25570, 4993, 6, 24581, 26966, 25209, 87, 29544, 25987, 28168, 30, 37, 24871, 44, 25226, 18, 6, 43, 24645, 24767, 24586, 24613, 24620, 4993, 6, 41, 26837, 24583, 24731, 27382, 24593, 24586, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 24995, 27279, 24688, 24654, 24674, 77, 24644, 24589, 24593, 16, 24585, 86, 24607, 27660, 24757, 24650, 26192, 24647, 24763, 69, 26171, 24881, 24593, 27282, 25437, 25903, 24809, 25936, 24595, 25033, 28577, 24602, 16, 24835, 25936, 24585, 24947, 26704, 24593, 27639, 24635, 24643, 25183, 24586, 84, 26574, 24601, 29135, 18, 25133, 27400, 24585, 24731, 27382, 24593, 24593, 24585, 25060, 26771, 24872, 24811, 16, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 24618, 24927, 29619, 25345, 24636, 29069, 89, 24797, 24581, 24707, 24936, 24598, 24817, 26190, 16, 24594, 25160, 25483, 24629, 25084, 24732, 26855, 25033, 28577, 24602, 16, 26893, 24598, 25345, 24636, 25030, 24601, 27279, 24688, 26432, 24635, 24643, 24602, 24581, 24815, 24611, 25677, 24981, 25029, 24802, 18, 27623, 84, 25510, 30, 24657, 26580, 29391, 25407, 24680, 92, 24704, 24596, 24942, 24993, 16, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 24920, 24948, 25030, 24601, 25301, 25444, 84, 69, 26332, 12, 24594, 27869, 24581, 27294, 29569, 24704, 24584, 11, 87, 24940, 28593, 24800, 27473, 27092, 24964, 52, 24631, 24637, 26984, 26828, 25953, 24643, 24626, 25953, 24643, 24626, 25571, 4992, 25692, 25043, 25111, 24593, 69, 24715, 24643, 24626, 72, 25124, 18, 24805, 25345, 24636, 28767, 24637, 24672, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 24581, 24783, 71, 24694, 24599, 12, 26068, 26623, 24782, 25349, 24591, 26403, 24874, 24805, 25345, 24636, 25030, 24601, 27279, 24688, 26145, 87, 24581, 69, 29885, 28988, 16, 24581, 24763, 26464, 25703, 72, 25124, 25457, 87, 69, 25041, 24638, 26996, 76, 18, 24805, 24600, 26872, 24858, 24715, 24643, 24626, 25748, 24737, 24596, 24625, 24970, 24720, 25204, 24647, 24786, 24580, 24903, 25221, 24594, 26033, 24934, 93, 24648, 30, 4994, 51, 87, 29535, 27356, 5, 26011, 27322, 24648, 25860, 16, 87, 24697, 24588, 27356, 24803, 78, 26876, 24599, 24619, 24620, 18, 45, 91, 25814, 45, 24798, 82, 11, 88, 80, 25634, 24588, 25165, 26302, 18, 45, 29294, 24663, 91, 24645, 18, 4994, 51, 16, 26011, 27322, 24648, 5, 26011, 29190, 26813, 29102, 24588, 18, 26459, 26623, 27307, 26592, 5, 25197, 24664, 27246, 24595, 24715, 28338, 28504, 24657, 25315, 24715, 24643, 24589, 30, 37, 84, 25187, 93, 87, 24668, 24588, 24593, 69, 84, 25187, 93, 28256, 18, 4993, 26593, 78, 29235, 26741, 24823, 38, 26642, 24715, 24643, 24589, 30, 26152, 26146, 24800, 24635, 72, 25124, 25345, 24636, 25030, 24601, 27279, 24688, 24605, 24598, 24826, 25171, 24998, 24581, 69, 26809, 25204, 27921, 24601, 24583, 29221, 24586, 25789, 28679, 24586, 24601, 74, 24608, 25171, 69, 26809, 16, 24647, 28488, 24585, 25457, 24596, 24725, 25171, 24998, 24646, 24608, 24606, 29299, 24599, 24585, 28335, 25171, 24998, 24651, 69, 72, 25124, 24586, 72, 25124, 24589, 12, 24618, 71, 24845, 24586, 24929, 24586, 25672, 27164, 26782, 24583, 29062, 25868, 24874, 24805, 25345, 24762, 71, 24845, 24586, 24585, 24725, 28679, 18, 24657, 24927, 25043, 16, 24598, 24593, 27890, 26987, 70, 25121, 18, 24805, 24625, 28532, 24588, 24682, 40, 6518, 24798, 24948, 28124, 28394, 24651, 26776, 81, 24916, 18, 28336, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 28792, 24636, 25030, 24601, 27279, 24688, 69, 27828, 24959, 27386, 26809, 18, 24805, 24635, 25868, 25571, 41, 26837, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24586, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 25345, 24636, 25030, 24594, 69, 28268, 25171, 24590, 24585, 25457, 24595, 25703, 24598, 24635, 24581, 69, 28268, 24604, 24826, 25432, 16, 24835, 69, 24659, 24667, 25017, 27874, 24593, 25060, 29300, 25030, 18, 24693, 27418, 24793, 28336, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 24748, 24942, 26054, 24995, 24636, 25030, 24581, 69, 28086, 28807, 16, 24725, 28807, 16, 24586, 26054, 24839, 24595, 70, 27488, 24860, 25761, 24597, 28982, 24601, 27279, 24688, 24600, 27418, 24793, 24595, 24585, 25515, 25931, 11, 87, 25364, 24594, 24682, 24595, 24585, 26110, 24918, 16, 24763, 24593, 26473, 24601, 24585, 25043, 24595, 27421, 24902, 25761, 24597, 26364, 28060, 29762, 24599, 24596, 25097, 27486, 26446, 24601, 25066, 24868, 29089, 12, 25221, 24594, 24627, 27076, 25310, 25132, 24595, 24709, 25495, 13, 24596, 25191, 25320, 29089, 12, 25221, 24594, 24627, 28115, 25409, 24814, 24601, 24709, 25495, 24758, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 26794, 28708, 24636, 25139, 27216, 16, 28453, 24598, 26794, 24809, 24636, 28025, 24588, 24647, 24878, 26714, 18, 26885, 24585, 27992, 24581, 25191, 27285, 24595, 24585, 25407, 17, 24947, 25540, 25750, 16, 25260, 24585, 25698, 29839, 25396, 24647, 24627, 24871, 25288, 27701, 25310, 25132, 24595, 24709, 25495, 24596, 57, 87, 24754, 24618, 28346, 24826, 27664, 28239, 24596, 24585, 29791, 24709, 25495, 25756, 16, 28472, 24598, 25383, 16, 26916, 25105, 24598, 24672, 24783, 29923, 28899, 24647, 25916, 24878, 26714, 24586, 76, 24911, 24878, 26714, 12, 57, 15, 24706, 37, 13, 25091, 24598, 24593, 25270, 25030, 25041, 24587, 24585, 88, 25686, 18, 24627, 29791, 24709, 25495, 25756, 24600, 25304, 87, 24585, 25043, 24595, 24585, 25383, 24635, 72, 25124, 24601, 25139, 24894, 26335, 24637, 24817, 24598, 27334, 24581, 80, 25006, 18, 25805, 16, 24585, 6, 27138, 16, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 27138, 6, 25951, 24881, 24593, 24585, 27516, 25538, 24738, 25698, 24581, 25583, 24596, 25596, 24819, 24902, 25485, 18, 12, 25404, 24879, 72, 25124, 25388, 24640, 24635, 72, 25124, 27962, 27551, 24657, 26124, 16, 24627, 26113, 24709, 25495, 30, 37, 25409, 24814, 24601, 28154, 24599, 24596, 25420, 26740, 16, 24627, 28115, 26113, 37, 24601, 62, 24595, 25014, 24611, 25748, 16, 25175, 27176, 10, 52, 24631, 24637, 26984, 30, 25409, 24814, 24601, 26113, 25407, 57, 87, 24754, 12, 26956, 24588, 18, 24758, 25420, 26740, 26113, 25407, 16, 24596, 24585, 26113, 28115, 40, 26289, 24713, 24663, 25114, 27877, 24682, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 26794, 24636, 25139, 27216, 25091, 25030, 25142, 28899, 16, 69, 26809, 24596, 25186, 25099, 16, 24586, 24907, 25186, 24582, 24702, 18, 24627, 26007, 25621, 11, 87, 24709, 25495, 25310, 25132, 24618, 25085, 24580, 24903, 16, 25420, 27751, 24596, 29988, 24998, 12, 29756, 24588, 18, 24758, 24762, 25114, 24692, 24675, 24682, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 24581, 24777, 24826, 25142, 28899, 16, 69, 26809, 24596, 25186, 25099, 16, 24586, 24907, 25186, 24582, 24702, 16, 26794, 24636, 25139, 27216, 18, 37, 26975, 24584, 24585, 22, 17, 24635, 29086, 12, 6518, 13, 24762, 26153, 27364, 24682, 24585, 22, 17, 24635, 24995, 24636, 25030, 24601, 25571, 24583, 24662, 28577, 27115, 24581, 26340, 24586, 26674, 24947, 28968, 16, 24835, 69, 27138, 24593, 25030, 25327, 24585, 22, 17, 24635, 24692, 69, 27852, 26809, 24593, 27386, 16, 25293, 25159, 27138, 24593, 25030, 24692, 24791, 24595, 69, 26809, 24707, 25006, 25327, 24585, 24701, 72, 25848, 27115, 18, 27068, 27928, 26814, 24595, 24927, 24686, 24594, 29227, 30, 45, 28767, 24637, 24633, 24607, 24695, 25047, 27092, 16, 6, 26560, 26630, 24586, 45, 11, 26831, 6518, 25157, 24805, 24625, 28532, 24588, 24682, 40, 6518, 24798, 24948, 28124, 28394, 24651, 26776, 81, 24916, 18, 26222, 24685, 92, 24634, 25105, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 24651, 24907, 24586, 25151, 25017, 24844, 24845, 26098, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 24593, 24631, 26926, 24581, 69, 26738, 26096, 26485, 24694, 24599, 27936, 4993, 24594, 24581, 24585, 37, 28824, 25205, 26096, 25139, 4993, 24598, 24808, 27263, 24948, 27448, 24634, 24712, 24594, 24652, 28603, 24723, 28605, 12, 17, 17, 13, 24586, 24664, 26652, 12, 17, 17, 17, 13, 25017, 27874, 17, 24931, 26332, 18, 24627, 24907, 17, 25017, 27874, 24635, 72, 25124, 24685, 92, 93, 24593, 24726, 76, 27152, 25060, 26771, 16, 25270, 69, 91, 25815, 24970, 24614, 24652, 28033, 24581, 24585, 26747, 27281, 26268, 18, 12, 24805, 24593, 26043, 25896, 24618, 26937, 26676, 93, 24710, 24640, 26520, 28507, 24626, 24581, 24585, 27076, 25310, 25132, 24595, 24709, 25495, 24594, 24595, 24585, 25009, 24580, 27492, 16, 26893, 24585, 24710, 25132, 24652, 24961, 25312, 24682, 26747, 26084, 24710, 24640, 26520, 24596, 26676, 93, 24588, 26740, 24584, 28770, 24686, 25426, 29703, 26442, 25511, 27551, 24627, 25151, 17, 25017, 27874, 24635, 72, 25124, 24685, 92, 93, 24625, 26383, 24651, 26273, 27965, 24629, 25936, 24585, 25951, 24881, 24595, 24748, 16, 24907, 16, 24586, 25151, 25017, 24844, 24845, 25803, 25115, 29581, 24601, 24585, 25017, 27874, 16, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 24596, 24635, 72, 25124, 16, 29268, 18, 25133, 27400, 25551, 24665, 24597, 25756, 28679, 24629, 24747, 24809, 24766, 24686, 24595, 24585, 24819, 24902, 25761, 24597, 24652, 28033, 24595, 29299, 24599, 69, 26747, 26084, 28605, 25017, 27874, 24651, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 16, 24585, 28605, 25017, 27874, 25244, 27835, 24581, 24868, 24665, 24930, 18, 25111, 27992, 24808, 26359, 28673, 24585, 26266, 24595, 28996, 28679, 24599, 18, 24879, 72, 25124, 25388, 24640, 24635, 72, 25124, 24627, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 26942, 24582, 25208, 24585, 25017, 27874, 24835, 24809, 24594, 26677, 24594, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 18, 24800, 24635, 26942, 24580, 24593, 27347, 24588, 24594, 24585, 25992, 27321, 24595, 24585, 27208, 25030, 74, 25349, 16, 25570, 24585, 49, 26096, 24593, 24809, 28708, 24585, 26942, 24580, 24595, 24585, 25992, 27321, 18, 24657, 27831, 26190, 16, 26273, 72, 25124, 24652, 25519, 24921, 24686, 26632, 24588, 30, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 4993, 25692, 25165, 4993, 24586, 69, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24635, 72, 25124, 4993, 25692, 25165, 4993, 24586, 69, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24587, 72, 25124, 25692, 87, 24670, 24583, 24636, 27098, 24581, 29596, 25242, 24833, 18, 29389, 25044, 25698, 25309, 25815, 24596, 25743, 25411, 25433, 24675, 24595, 29244, 24925, 24810, 28553, 26035, 25309, 24630, 24985, 24584, 72, 25124, 24589, 18, 40, 25124, 24589, 24920, 24948, 71, 24863, 24594, 25270, 26904, 24712, 25932, 25576, 24581, 24585, 25473, 24596, 24585, 26493, 16, 24651, 24585, 25346, 24970, 24720, 27821, 24585, 25043, 24595, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 24651, 25159, 27851, 24878, 24616, 24599, 24596, 24585, 28552, 24970, 24720, 27821, 69, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24587, 72, 25124, 18, 24906, 27928, 26814, 24595, 24585, 25473, 25698, 16, 24627, 27076, 25310, 25132, 24595, 24709, 25495, 24596, 24627, 26746, 24626, 25310, 25132, 24595, 24585, 24868, 52, 27426, 26405, 26196, 29839, 24725, 24631, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 18, 24709, 25495, 25309, 25815, 27670, 24585, 25473, 24686, 25060, 25411, 77, 24914, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 24627, 27983, 25272, 24595, 27421, 24902, 25761, 24597, 24709, 25495, 24647, 26113, 24819, 24902, 29945, 26374, 24980, 24599, 28738, 24606, 29839, 26949, 24585, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24587, 72, 25124, 25692, 25165, 24596, 25135, 25966, 24682, 24585, 27663, 24596, 25423, 25132, 25984, 82, 29961, 24595, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 6, 28345, 87, 24601, 24585, 84, 27220, 24596, 25779, 24620, 24826, 69, 24589, 24585, 27230, 24595, 26847, 24669, 24819, 24902, 25485, 25157, 24657, 24585, 24994, 26514, 16, 24585, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 24585, 25470, 25698, 24618, 27457, 25744, 27965, 24629, 16, 25260, 24585, 52, 25010, 89, 24581, 26305, 16, 24585, 28755, 25015, 26647, 16, 24596, 54, 24767, 28412, 18, 25805, 16, 24927, 24652, 28033, 24593, 24809, 29585, 24591, 18, 24627, 28115, 25409, 24814, 24601, 24709, 25495, 12, 25908, 16, 26975, 25, 18, 24975, 18, 24975, 13, 24765, 25426, 25121, 26182, 24682, 24585, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 25030, 24647, 6, 24858, 25320, 27965, 24629, 6, 24835, 27221, 24682, 24585, 28115, 25015, 26647, 16, 25692, 6, 25066, 25473, 27965, 24629, 25243, 26332, 24585, 24631, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24635, 72, 25124, 18, 24627, 24587, 72, 25124, 28708, 24651, 24878, 26714, 24581, 27831, 26190, 25091, 16, 24594, 28574, 24588, 24581, 24927, 26975, 16, 27279, 25105, 69, 25041, 24587, 27630, 24593, 24586, 84, 25510, 24596, 24585, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24635, 72, 25124, 25379, 24920, 69, 27457, 26131, 24757, 27617, 24738, 24754, 24752, 24585, 24631, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24635, 72, 25124, 18, 27286, 28991, 24645, 25737, 24596, 26809, 26256, 24599, 24707, 25968, 87, 26809, 24878, 24616, 24599, 24601, 90, 24713, 24601, 25983, 26453, 25871, 26524, 18, 24788, 24748, 26134, 84, 24631, 24637, 26984, 24682, 25748, 24737, 84, 69, 26332, 24586, 27466, 24757, 29118, 24581, 26190, 16, 24585, 24631, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24635, 72, 25124, 24913, 28624, 24927, 24618, 24585, 28899, 24598, 26536, 87, 25142, 18, 25111, 24995, 27400, 24631, 26142, 24878, 24616, 24599, 24581, 24585, 26190, 16, 24835, 24995, 24636, 26286, 24628, 24712, 24647, 24585, 25043, 24595, 24580, 24581, 24878, 26714, 16, 76, 24911, 24878, 26714, 16, 24586, 26142, 27611, 83, 17, 26942, 24580, 24878, 26714, 24584, 24585, 29919, 24595, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 18, 25111, 28803, 24585, 27775, 24595, 24583, 24631, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24635, 72, 25124, 16, 24835, 29775, 24585, 28899, 24596, 72, 25124, 24589, 24601, 27115, 25142, 27080, 18, 24627, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24635, 72, 25124, 26739, 24737, 26335, 27815, 24707, 25013, 24723, 26916, 24626, 24595, 28899, 18, 24657, 26453, 25871, 26524, 16, 24585, 24614, 78, 24616, 24609, 24878, 26714, 25345, 24636, 24606, 25055, 24610, 24588, 16, 24596, 24585, 26916, 24626, 24595, 28899, 26629, 24707, 24638, 26065, 24712, 18, 24879, 72, 25124, 24589, 25345, 24762, 24636, 24970, 24720, 25204, 24601, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 25091, 26190, 24593, 25139, 24581, 28652, 25032, 29634, 87, 16, 25221, 24594, 24581, 27664, 28239, 24596, 26473, 25242, 24833, 16, 25570, 24585, 24587, 72, 25124, 24593, 29385, 18, 24657, 25221, 27714, 16, 24783, 25043, 24593, 25413, 84, 24794, 24633, 24584, 27138, 28482, 24833, 24596, 24593, 24809, 28691, 27530, 26974, 24601, 24858, 24819, 24902, 25761, 24757, 26559, 27692, 18, 24964, 24585, 24858, 25866, 16, 69, 24878, 24616, 24588, 24587, 72, 25124, 25345, 24636, 29069, 89, 24797, 25091, 24598, 24593, 24762, 25030, 24618, 24771, 26182, 16, 24618, 26919, 16, 24581, 72, 24855, 24586, 25142, 24721, 27367, 24757, 24938, 24833, 24651, 24581, 25023, 24878, 26714, 18, 27673, 24782, 25349, 24591, 26403, 24627, 26623, 24782, 25349, 24591, 26403, 29872, 24762, 25137, 24594, 69, 24715, 24643, 24626, 72, 25124, 16, 24593, 25030, 24601, 26335, 24648, 24715, 24643, 24588, 26190, 18, 25111, 24593, 24585, 27913, 27579, 24595, 28209, 24599, 29885, 28988, 24581, 25191, 29244, 18, 24627, 24635, 72, 25124, 24593, 25999, 24904, 28313, 24914, 24692, 24585, 24715, 24643, 24626, 72, 25124, 24593, 24631, 26926, 24586, 24593, 25216, 24713, 24601, 24585, 25470, 25698, 25270, 25030, 18, 25650, 24593, 25159, 25983, 24581, 24585, 27913, 25431, 60, 74, 24584, 24704, 16, 24835, 24748, 24995, 25043, 64, 76, 26938, 95, 17, 17, 17, 97, 64, 79, 25369, 17, 18, 25, 24635, 17, 17, 17, 24586, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 18, 25504, 25566, 72, 25124, 24627, 26106, 25566, 72, 25124, 26399, 24753, 25184, 24928, 69, 80, 25010, 25115, 24588, 88, 24608, 24650, 24596, 24593, 25030, 24601, 28664, 28246, 26834, 24586, 27448, 24634, 24855, 18, 24657, 72, 26289, 26868, 16, 24598, 24593, 27657, 25576, 25030, 24601, 25567, 24581, 24618, 24585, 26334, 25270, 27347, 24588, 18, 37, 72, 26289, 24713, 28982, 29906, 24583, 26919, 24618, 24585, 26334, 76, 24881, 24618, 24580, 28792, 26632, 24585, 26106, 25566, 72, 25124, 24594, 29227, 30, 76, 24881, 24618, 24580, 12, 27617, 27551, 24672, 24927, 24978, 24618, 24580, 31, 24672, 25426, 24584, 31, 6, 5045, 24971, 25494, 24636, 25137, 24594, 27082, 87, 18, 27244, 6, 27421, 29085, 24585, 27490, 27421, 24678, 26820, 24596, 24770, 89, 24998, 26133, 24920, 25159, 25597, 24682, 25027, 24730, 69, 72, 25124, 18, 24657, 24652, 25951, 24881, 16, 24598, 25244, 26771, 24601, 25043, 24585, 25017, 27874, 18, 24805, 24593, 26771, 24618, 69, 25789, 25017, 27874, 28025, 24588, 24647, 24878, 26714, 24601, 25833, 24583, 24587, 72, 25124, 16, 24596, 24618, 24907, 25017, 24844, 24845, 24601, 25833, 24583, 24635, 72, 25124, 18, 12, 37, 25017, 27874, 28025, 24588, 24647, 24858, 27490, 24593, 69, 25017, 27874, 16, 24651, 69, 27138, 25327, 24598, 24586, 24651, 27699, 24783, 24598, 24593, 69, 24931, 24640, 25314, 27551, 29391, 26809, 17, 26256, 24599, 29387, 29496, 24808, 25983, 24618, 25160, 25060, 27490, 24596, 24593, 27263, 25238, 24914, 24595, 86, 24725, 26205, 25379, 24585, 24587, 24596, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 25779, 29470, 24633, 4993, 24591, 24636, 24598, 27890, 24651, 24583, 24581, 24652, 25232, 25397, 24581, 25837, 27579, 18, 27231, 77, 28444, 24618, 25872, 25105, 24635, 24596, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 24581, 26273, 29260, 27686, 16, 26809, 26256, 24903, 24596, 25571, 24772, 29244, 24686, 27380, 24581, 24585, 25528, 28356, 30, 24739, 25942, 24650, 24657, 24858, 29244, 24657, 25160, 29244, 16, 25221, 24594, 27805, 16, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 24593, 25030, 24594, 24583, 27808, 24715, 24643, 24626, 25571, 18, 25650, 24593, 25159, 25806, 24599, 26005, 24599, 24715, 24643, 24626, 25571, 31, 29496, 69, 24983, 25041, 24638, 26996, 76, 25494, 24636, 26213, 16, 27146, 24647, 69, 72, 25124, 16, 24618, 25703, 26145, 24581, 24585, 29885, 28988, 18, 25749, 84, 24640, 27754, 27279, 24688, 24682, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 24686, 25060, 29300, 25030, 24581, 26341, 25208, 24581, 25407, 18, 24657, 26341, 16, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 24593, 25030, 24618, 24585, 25126, 26676, 26737, 12, 28453, 6, 24611, 6, 19, 6, 24593, 6, 19, 6, 24686, 6, 24758, 24763, 24593, 24631, 24666, 24584, 24661, 24926, 24581, 24878, 24834, 24587, 26341, 18, 24657, 25596, 16, 24635, 24586, 24587, 72, 25124, 24589, 24995, 24636, 25030, 24594, 25041, 24587, 27630, 24589, 12, 24816, 24765, 25525, 24758, 24835, 24585, 25043, 24595, 69, 25179, 72, 25124, 24594, 69, 26005, 24599, 25041, 24587, 27630, 24593, 24593, 27704, 25183, 18, 26098, 69, 26005, 24599, 72, 25124, 24593, 24809, 25030, 16, 24585, 26171, 24881, 24593, 25396, 24651, 69, 26000, 12, 26453, 17, 27282, 13, 24594, 24640, 25132, 18, 40, 25124, 24589, 24686, 16, 26537, 16, 26302, 25765, 26771, 25208, 25041, 24587, 27630, 24589, 18, 24657, 26617, 16, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 24995, 24636, 25030, 24601, 25571, 24894, 25041, 24587, 24585, 88, 24757, 24844, 86, 27190, 18, 24739, 25692, 24581, 25407, 16, 24585, 24635, 72, 25124, 24589, 24686, 24878, 24616, 24588, 25692, 24816, 24765, 25525, 16, 77, 18, 73, 25964, 25201, 24593, 69, 27138, 25142, 25039, 26171, 24881, 24596, 72, 25124, 16, 24835, 24809, 25142, 25041, 24587, 24585, 88, 24757, 24844, 86, 24963, 24596, 72, 25124, 18, 25404, 24762, 24843, 24630, 24587, 24924, 25519, 24921, 4992, 29232, 24601, 27279, 24688, 28699, 24581, 24680, 92, 24704, 12, 24640, 24754, 24595, 6, 63, 4993, 4993, 4993, 65, 27687, 55, 24761, 25690, 72, 25124, 24589, 4992, 25314, 25690, 25977, 24634, 25898, 24581, 24635, 28060, 12, 24640, 24754, 24595, 6, 17, 17, 6, 24581, 69, 25789, 25315, 13, 25067, 27674, 84, 24852, 27490, 4992, 24878, 26714, 24595, 25999, 25628, 24609, 87, 28781, 24601, 72, 25124, 24589, 24889, 26874, 26920, 28870, 24838, 25065, 25051, 59, 25054, 88, 24602, 24713, 25432, 24595, 25407, 24844, 86, 27190, 24651, 24635, 72, 25124, 40, 25124, 24589, 24596, 27315, 24844, 24845, 27620, 24633, 27984, 25030, 27490, 52, 24631, 24637, 26984, 27421, 24902, 25485 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
75114
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy%20Eaton
Timothy Eaton
Timothy Eaton (March 1834 – 31 January 1907) was a Northern Irish businessman who founded the Eaton's department store, one of the most important retail businesses in Canada's history. Early life and family He was born in Ballymena, County Antrim, Ireland (now Northern Ireland). His parents were Scottish Protestants, John Eaton and Margaret Craig. As a 20-year-old Irish apprentice shopkeeper, Timothy Eaton sailed from Ireland to settle with other family members in southern Ontario, Canada. On 28 May 1862, Eaton married Margaret Wilson Beattie. They had five sons and three daughters. Among the sons were John Craig Eaton and Edward Young Eaton. One of the daughters, Josephine Smyth Eaton, survived the sinking of RMS Lusitania off the Irish coast in 1915. His granddaughter, Iris Burnside, was lost in that sinking. T. Eaton Co. Limited In 1854, he worked for a short time in a haberdashery store in Glen Williams, Ontario. His sister married William Reid; they owned a farm in Georgetown, Ontario, a short distance from Glen Williams. In 1865, with the help of his brothers, Robert and James, Timothy Eaton set up a bakery business in the town of Kirkton, Ontario, which went under after only a few months. Undaunted, he opened a dry goods store in St. Marys, Ontario. In 1869, Eaton purchased an existing dry-goods and haberdashery business at 178 Yonge Street in Toronto. In promoting his new business, Eaton embraced two retail practices that were ground-breaking at the time: first, all goods had one price (no haggling) with no credit given, and second, all purchases came with a money-back guarantee (a practice expressed in what would become the long-standing store slogan of "Goods Satisfactory or Money Refunded"). Starting in 1884, Eaton introduced Canada to the wonders of the mail-order catalogue, reaching thousands of small towns and rural communities with an array of products previously unattainable. In these tiny communities, the arrival of Eaton's catalogue was a major event. More than clothing, furniture, or the latest in kitchen gadgetry, the catalogue offered such practical items as milking machines, in addition to just about every other contraption or new invention desirable. And, when rendered obsolete by the new season's catalogue, it served another important use in the outdoor privy of most every rural home. Eaton spawned a colossal retail empire that his offspring would expand coast to coast, reaching its high point during World War II, when the T. Eaton Co. Limited employed more than 70,000 people. Although Eaton did not invent the department store, nor was he the first retailer in the world to implement a money-back guarantee, the chain he founded popularized both concepts and revolutionized retailing in Canada. Death and legacy Eaton died of pneumonia on 31 January 1907, and is buried in Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Toronto. He was succeeded by his son, John Craig Eaton. In 1919, two life-sized statues of Timothy Eaton were donated by the Eaton's employees to the Toronto and Winnipeg stores in celebration of the 50th anniversary of the company. For years, it was tradition for customers in both Toronto and Winnipeg to rub the toe of the statue for good luck. The Toronto statue is now housed by the Royal Ontario Museum, and the Winnipeg statue sits in the city's arena, Canada Life Centre (formerly MTS Centre and Bell MTS Place), in almost exactly the same spot where it stood in the now demolished Eaton's store (albeit one storey higher). Museum-goers in Toronto and hockey fans in Winnipeg continue to rub Timothy Eaton's toe for luck. His grandson was flying ace Henry John Burden. In 1985, his great-great-granddaughter, Nancy Eaton, was murdered by a childhood friend, who was found not guilty by reason of insanity. Timothy Eaton Memorial Church, in Toronto, was erected in 1914. The town of Eatonia, Saskatchewan was named after Timothy Eaton. The ground of Ballymena RFC, originally the sports grounds of the Mid-Antrim Sports Association, is called Eaton Park. A school in the Scarborough district of Toronto, Timothy Eaton Business and Technical Institute, was named after him. It opened in 1971 for classes and closed its doors permanently in 2009. See also Robert Simpson (merchant) John Wanamaker References Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online External links 1834 births 1907 deaths Timothy Eaton Eaton's People from Ballymena Businesspeople from Toronto Pre-Confederation Ontario people Upper Canada College alumni Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada) Immigrants to the Province of Canada Irish emigrants to pre-Confederation Ontario Burials at Mount Pleasant Cemetery, Toronto 19th-century Irish businesspeople 19th-century Canadian merchants
[ "Tim", "oth", "y", "E", "at", "on", "(", "March", "18", "34", "–", "31", "January", "190", "7", ")", "was", "a", "Northern", "Irish", "business", "man", "who", "founded", "the", "E", "at", "on", "'", "s", "department", "store", ",", "one", "of", "the", "most", "important", "ret", "ail", "business", "es", "in", "Canada", "'", "s", "history", ".", "Early", "life", "and", "family", "He", "was", "born", "in", "B", "ally", "men", "a", ",", "County", "An", "tr", "im", ",", "Ireland", "(", "now", "Northern", "Ireland", ").", "His", "parents", "were", "Scottish", "Pro", "test", "ants", ",", "John", "E", "at", "on", "and", "Mar", "gar", "et", "C", "ra", "ig", ".", "As", "a", "20", "-", "year", "-", "old", "Irish", "ap", "pr", "ent", "ice", "shop", "kee", "per", ",", "Tim", "oth", "y", "E", "at", "on", "s", "ailed", "from", "Ireland", "to", "sett", "le", "with", "other", "family", "members", "in", "southern", "Ontario", ",", "Canada", ".", "On", "28", "May", "186", "2", ",", "E", "at", "on", "married", "Mar", "gar", "et", "Wilson", "Be", "att", "ie", ".", "They", "had", "five", "sons", "and", "three", "daugh", "ters", ".", "Among", "the", "sons", "were", "John", "C", "ra", "ig", "E", "at", "on", "and", "Edward", "Young", "E", "at", "on", ".", "One", "of", "the", "daugh", "ters", ",", "Joseph", "ine", "S", "my", "th", "E", "at", "on", ",", "surv", "ived", "the", "s", "in", "king", "of", "R", "MS", "L", "us", "it", "an", "ia", "off", "the", "Irish", "coast", "in", "1915", ".", "His", "grand", "daughter", ",", "Ir", "is", "Burn", "side", ",", "was", "lost", "in", "that", "s", "in", "king", ".", "T", ".", "E", "at", "on", "Co", ".", "Lim", "ited", "In", "185", "4", ",", "he", "worked", "for", "a", "short", "time", "in", "a", "hab", "er", "d", "as", "her", "y", "store", "in", "Gl", "en", "Williams", ",", "Ontario", ".", "His", "sister", "married", "William", "Re", "id", ";", "they", "owned", "a", "farm", "in", "George", "town", ",", "Ontario", ",", "a", "short", "distance", "from", "Gl", "en", "Williams", ".", "In", "186", "5", ",", "with", "the", "help", "of", "his", "bro", "thers", ",", "Robert", "and", "James", ",", "Tim", "oth", "y", "E", "at", "on", "set", "up", "a", "b", "ak", "ery", "business", "in", "the", "town", "of", "Kir", "k", "ton", ",", "Ontario", ",", "which", "went", "under", "after", "only", "a", "few", "months", ".", "Un", "da", "un", "ted", ",", "he", "opened", "a", "dr", "y", "good", "s", "store", "in", "St", ".", "Mary", "s", ",", "Ontario", ".", "In", "186", "9", ",", "E", "at", "on", "purchased", "an", "existing", "dr", "y", "-", "good", "s", "and", "hab", "er", "d", "as", "her", "y", "business", "at", "17", "8", "Y", "on", "ge", "Street", "in", "Toronto", ".", "In", "promot", "ing", "his", "new", "business", ",", "E", "at", "on", "em", "br", "ac", "ed", "two", "ret", "ail", "pract", "ices", "that", "were", "ground", "-", "bre", "aking", "at", "the", "time", ":", "first", ",", "all", "good", "s", "had", "one", "pr", "ice", "(", "no", "h", "ag", "g", "ling", ")", "with", "no", "cred", "it", "given", ",", "and", "second", ",", "all", "purch", "ases", "came", "with", "a", "money", "-", "back", "gu", "ar", "an", "tee", "(", "a", "practice", "express", "ed", "in", "what", "would", "become", "the", "long", "-", "standing", "store", "sl", "og", "an", "of", "\"", "Good", "s", "Sat", "is", "fact", "ory", "or", "M", "oney", "Re", "fund", "ed", "\"", ").", "St", "art", "ing", "in", "188", "4", ",", "E", "at", "on", "introduced", "Canada", "to", "the", "w", "ond", "ers", "of", "the", "m", "ail", "-", "order", "c", "atal", "ogue", ",", "reach", "ing", "thous", "ands", "of", "small", "towns", "and", "rural", "communities", "with", "an", "arr", "ay", "of", "products", "previously", "un", "att", "ain", "able", ".", "In", "these", "tin", "y", "communities", ",", "the", "arr", "ival", "of", "E", "at", "on", "'", "s", "c", "atal", "ogue", "was", "a", "major", "event", ".", "More", "than", "cl", "oth", "ing", ",", "f", "urn", "it", "ure", ",", "or", "the", "l", "at", "est", "in", "k", "itch", "en", "g", "ad", "get", "ry", ",", "the", "c", "atal", "ogue", "offered", "such", "pract", "ical", "it", "ems", "as", "m", "il", "king", "mach", "ines", ",", "in", "addition", "to", "just", "about", "every", "other", "contr", "apt", "ion", "or", "new", "inv", "ention", "des", "ir", "able", ".", "And", ",", "when", "r", "end", "ered", "ob", "so", "le", "te", "by", "the", "new", "season", "'", "s", "c", "atal", "ogue", ",", "it", "served", "another", "important", "use", "in", "the", "out", "door", "priv", "y", "of", "most", "every", "rural", "home", ".", "E", "at", "on", "sp", "aw", "ned", "a", "col", "oss", "al", "ret", "ail", "emp", "ire", "that", "his", "off", "spring", "would", "exp", "and", "coast", "to", "coast", ",", "reach", "ing", "its", "high", "point", "during", "World", "War", "II", ",", "when", "the", "T", ".", "E", "at", "on", "Co", ".", "Lim", "ited", "employ", "ed", "more", "than", "70", ",", "000", "people", ".", "Although", "E", "at", "on", "did", "not", "inv", "ent", "the", "department", "store", ",", "nor", "was", "he", "the", "first", "ret", "ail", "er", "in", "the", "world", "to", "implement", "a", "money", "-", "back", "gu", "ar", "an", "tee", ",", "the", "ch", "ain", "he", "founded", "popular", "ized", "both", "con", "cep", "ts", "and", "re", "volution", "ized", "ret", "ail", "ing", "in", "Canada", ".", "Death", "and", "leg", "acy", "E", "at", "on", "died", "of", "p", "ne", "um", "onia", "on", "31", "January", "190", "7", ",", "and", "is", "buried", "in", "Mount", "P", "le", "as", "ant", "C", "emetery", "in", "Toronto", ".", "He", "was", "succeed", "ed", "by", "his", "son", ",", "John", "C", "ra", "ig", "E", "at", "on", ".", "In", "1919", ",", "two", "life", "-", "s", "ized", "stat", "ues", "of", "Tim", "oth", "y", "E", "at", "on", "were", "don", "ated", "by", "the", "E", "at", "on", "'", "s", "employ", "ees", "to", "the", "Toronto", "and", "W", "inn", "ipe", "g", "stor", "es", "in", "celebr", "ation", "of", "the", "50", "th", "ann", "ivers", "ary", "of", "the", "company", ".", "For", "years", ",", "it", "was", "tradition", "for", "custom", "ers", "in", "both", "Toronto", "and", "W", "inn", "ipe", "g", "to", "r", "ub", "the", "to", "e", "of", "the", "stat", "ue", "for", "good", "l", "uck", ".", "The", "Toronto", "stat", "ue", "is", "now", "hous", "ed", "by", "the", "Royal", "Ontario", "Museum", ",", "and", "the", "W", "inn", "ipe", "g", "stat", "ue", "s", "its", "in", "the", "city", "'", "s", "ar", "ena", ",", "Canada", "Life", "Centre", "(", "formerly", "M", "T", "S", "Centre", "and", "Bell", "M", "T", "S", "Place", "),", "in", "almost", "ex", "act", "ly", "the", "same", "spot", "where", "it", "sto", "od", "in", "the", "now", "dem", "ol", "ished", "E", "at", "on", "'", "s", "store", "(", "al", "be", "it", "one", "store", "y", "higher", ").", "Museum", "-", "go", "ers", "in", "Toronto", "and", "hockey", "f", "ans", "in", "W", "inn", "ipe", "g", "continue", "to", "r", "ub", "Tim", "oth", "y", "E", "at", "on", "'", "s", "to", "e", "for", "l", "uck", ".", "His", "grand", "son", "was", "f", "lying", "ace", "Henry", "John", "Bur", "den", ".", "In", "1985", ",", "his", "great", "-", "great", "-", "grand", "daughter", ",", "N", "ancy", "E", "at", "on", ",", "was", "murder", "ed", "by", "a", "child", "hood", "friend", ",", "who", "was", "found", "not", "g", "uil", "ty", "by", "reason", "of", "ins", "an", "ity", ".", "Tim", "oth", "y", "E", "at", "on", "Memorial", "Church", ",", "in", "Toronto", ",", "was", "ere", "cted", "in", "1914", ".", "The", "town", "of", "E", "at", "onia", ",", "S", "ask", "at", "che", "wan", "was", "named", "after", "Tim", "oth", "y", "E", "at", "on", ".", "The", "ground", "of", "B", "ally", "men", "a", "R", "FC", ",", "originally", "the", "sports", "ground", "s", "of", "the", "Mid", "-", "An", "tr", "im", "Sports", "Association", ",", "is", "called", "E", "at", "on", "Park", ".", "A", "school", "in", "the", "Sc", "ar", "borough", "district", "of", "Toronto", ",", "Tim", "oth", "y", "E", "at", "on", "Business", "and", "Techn", "ical", "Institute", ",", "was", "named", "after", "him", ".", "It", "opened", "in", "1971", "for", "class", "es", "and", "closed", "its", "do", "ors", "perman", "ently", "in", "2009", ".", "See", "also", "Robert", "Sim", "pson", "(", "mer", "ch", "ant", ")", "John", "W", "an", "am", "aker", "References", "Biography", "at", "the", "D", "iction", "ary", "of", "Canadian", "Biography", "On", "line", "External", "links", "18", "34", "births", "190", "7", "deaths", "Tim", "oth", "y", "E", "at", "on", "E", "at", "on", "'", "s", "People", "from", "B", "ally", "men", "a", "Business", "people", "from", "Toronto", "Pre", "-", "Conf", "ederation", "Ontario", "people", "Up", "per", "Canada", "College", "alumni", "Person", "s", "of", "National", "Historic", "S", "ign", "if", "ican", "ce", "(", "Canada", ")", "Im", "m", "igrants", "to", "the", "Province", "of", "Canada", "Irish", "em", "igrants", "to", "pre", "-", "Conf", "ederation", "Ontario", "Bur", "ials", "at", "Mount", "P", "le", "as", "ant", "C", "emetery", ",", "Toronto", "19th", "-", "century", "Irish", "business", "people", "19th", "-", "century", "Canadian", "mer", "ch", "ants" ]
[ 27672, 25584, 93, 41, 24590, 24584, 12, 25317, 24722, 26844, 4992, 26156, 25352, 25454, 27, 13, 24625, 69, 27199, 27133, 26045, 24710, 24831, 26409, 24585, 41, 24590, 24584, 11, 87, 27956, 28678, 16, 24748, 24595, 24585, 25066, 26742, 25055, 24916, 26045, 24589, 24581, 26124, 11, 87, 25838, 18, 26580, 25372, 24596, 25334, 24736, 24625, 25049, 24581, 38, 24904, 25203, 69, 16, 25239, 24800, 24664, 24634, 16, 26779, 12, 25426, 27199, 26779, 24874, 25496, 28224, 24747, 27527, 25057, 25881, 25575, 16, 25149, 41, 24590, 24584, 24596, 24829, 26151, 24645, 39, 24840, 24628, 18, 24906, 69, 24623, 17, 24854, 17, 24867, 27133, 24654, 24666, 24609, 24811, 29668, 29087, 24726, 16, 27672, 25584, 93, 41, 24590, 24584, 87, 28320, 24672, 26779, 24601, 26304, 24604, 24651, 24858, 25334, 25622, 24581, 27614, 28672, 16, 26124, 18, 24964, 25555, 25176, 25802, 22, 16, 41, 24590, 24584, 26160, 24829, 26151, 24645, 28925, 25133, 24866, 24716, 18, 25594, 24798, 25842, 28888, 24596, 25151, 26377, 24998, 18, 29826, 24585, 28888, 24747, 25149, 39, 24840, 24628, 41, 24590, 24584, 24596, 27707, 27550, 41, 24590, 24584, 18, 25954, 24595, 24585, 26377, 24998, 16, 27294, 24734, 55, 25148, 24580, 41, 24590, 24584, 16, 27295, 25199, 24585, 87, 24581, 25889, 24595, 54, 28116, 48, 24640, 24598, 24583, 24677, 24894, 24585, 27133, 27768, 24581, 29292, 18, 25496, 27254, 26672, 16, 26287, 24593, 29798, 25615, 16, 24625, 26439, 24581, 24682, 87, 24581, 25889, 18, 56, 18, 41, 24590, 24584, 25287, 18, 28024, 24863, 24657, 26186, 24, 16, 24607, 26245, 24618, 69, 25903, 24978, 24581, 69, 26613, 24582, 72, 24594, 24803, 93, 28678, 24581, 25899, 24587, 27940, 16, 28672, 18, 25496, 28101, 26160, 25643, 24693, 24630, 31, 25002, 27085, 69, 27578, 24581, 26026, 25305, 16, 28672, 16, 69, 25903, 28976, 24672, 25899, 24587, 27940, 18, 24657, 25802, 25, 16, 24651, 24585, 26709, 24595, 24684, 25693, 27395, 16, 26374, 24596, 26033, 16, 27672, 25584, 93, 41, 24590, 24584, 25139, 24772, 69, 70, 24700, 25527, 26045, 24581, 24585, 25305, 24595, 28512, 79, 24915, 16, 28672, 16, 24763, 26003, 25016, 24942, 25089, 69, 26375, 26969, 18, 24739, 26963, 24631, 24826, 16, 24607, 26274, 69, 24815, 93, 26663, 87, 28678, 24581, 24709, 18, 26313, 87, 16, 28672, 18, 24657, 25802, 29, 16, 41, 24590, 24584, 29325, 24583, 29837, 24815, 93, 17, 26663, 87, 24596, 26613, 24582, 72, 24594, 24803, 93, 26045, 24590, 24940, 28, 61, 24584, 24721, 26235, 24581, 28621, 18, 24657, 26284, 24599, 24684, 24983, 26045, 16, 41, 24590, 24584, 24635, 24816, 24616, 24588, 24907, 25055, 24916, 26442, 25511, 24682, 24747, 25479, 17, 25706, 25540, 24590, 24585, 24978, 30, 24818, 16, 24663, 26663, 87, 24798, 24748, 24666, 24811, 12, 25159, 76, 24638, 75, 25632, 13, 24651, 25159, 26727, 24598, 26207, 16, 24596, 25179, 16, 24663, 27616, 27190, 26206, 24651, 69, 27907, 17, 25152, 25309, 24592, 24583, 26246, 12, 69, 27992, 27352, 24588, 24581, 26111, 25084, 26326, 24585, 25444, 17, 27258, 28678, 25608, 24776, 24583, 24595, 6, 28038, 87, 27883, 24593, 25691, 24817, 24586, 49, 26755, 24693, 26807, 24588, 6, 24874, 24709, 24673, 24599, 24581, 25668, 24, 16, 41, 24590, 24584, 27146, 26124, 24601, 24585, 91, 25112, 24629, 24595, 24585, 81, 24916, 17, 25683, 71, 27293, 28988, 16, 26067, 24599, 29297, 27564, 24595, 25734, 29267, 24596, 28971, 28358, 24651, 24583, 24848, 24632, 24595, 28891, 27408, 24631, 24866, 24667, 24914, 18, 24657, 25639, 28923, 93, 28358, 16, 24585, 24848, 25628, 24595, 41, 24590, 24584, 11, 87, 71, 27293, 28988, 24625, 69, 25744, 25775, 18, 28651, 25208, 24691, 25584, 24599, 16, 74, 24935, 24598, 24794, 16, 24586, 24585, 80, 24590, 24655, 24581, 79, 26037, 24587, 75, 24614, 25978, 25064, 16, 24585, 71, 27293, 28988, 28610, 25221, 26442, 24757, 24598, 27334, 24594, 81, 24608, 25889, 28078, 25675, 16, 24581, 26012, 24601, 25871, 25150, 26237, 24858, 25216, 27325, 24602, 24586, 24983, 25212, 27330, 24893, 24624, 24914, 18, 25695, 16, 25091, 86, 24725, 25351, 24870, 25165, 24604, 24680, 24647, 24585, 24983, 25042, 11, 87, 71, 27293, 28988, 16, 24598, 25612, 26054, 26742, 25043, 24581, 24585, 24767, 28993, 26561, 93, 24595, 25066, 26237, 28971, 25664, 18, 41, 24590, 24584, 24878, 24766, 26428, 69, 24908, 25646, 24591, 25055, 24916, 26251, 24792, 24682, 24684, 24894, 29421, 25084, 26201, 24596, 27768, 24601, 27768, 16, 26067, 24599, 24783, 25153, 25992, 25104, 25166, 25209, 25205, 16, 25091, 24585, 56, 18, 41, 24590, 24584, 25287, 18, 28024, 24863, 26632, 24588, 25060, 25208, 26921, 16, 25348, 24941, 18, 27238, 41, 24590, 24584, 25671, 24809, 25212, 24609, 24585, 27956, 28678, 16, 25248, 24625, 24607, 24585, 24818, 25055, 24916, 24582, 24581, 24585, 25750, 24601, 29223, 69, 27907, 17, 25152, 25309, 24592, 24583, 26246, 16, 24585, 24610, 24667, 24607, 26409, 26383, 25380, 25379, 24652, 27800, 24704, 24596, 24600, 27268, 25380, 25055, 24916, 24599, 24581, 26124, 18, 28108, 24596, 25247, 26389, 41, 24590, 24584, 25727, 24595, 84, 24687, 24656, 28830, 24584, 26156, 25352, 25454, 27, 16, 24596, 24593, 29656, 24581, 27396, 52, 24604, 24594, 24738, 39, 28954, 24581, 28621, 18, 24736, 24625, 28863, 24588, 24647, 24684, 24951, 16, 25149, 39, 24840, 24628, 41, 24590, 24584, 18, 24657, 28656, 16, 24907, 25372, 17, 87, 25380, 25981, 25966, 24595, 27672, 25584, 93, 41, 24590, 24584, 24747, 26733, 24712, 24647, 24585, 41, 24590, 24584, 11, 87, 26632, 28662, 24601, 24585, 28621, 24596, 59, 25021, 29559, 75, 27006, 24589, 24581, 28123, 24626, 24595, 24585, 25681, 24580, 24910, 24877, 24713, 24595, 24585, 25684, 18, 25056, 25100, 16, 24598, 24625, 26717, 24618, 29483, 24629, 24581, 25379, 28621, 24596, 59, 25021, 29559, 75, 24601, 86, 24733, 24585, 24601, 73, 24595, 24585, 25981, 24802, 24618, 26663, 80, 25776, 18, 24627, 28621, 25981, 24802, 24593, 25426, 26641, 24588, 24647, 24585, 26094, 28672, 26531, 16, 24596, 24585, 59, 25021, 29559, 75, 25981, 24802, 87, 24783, 24581, 24585, 25491, 11, 87, 24592, 26349, 16, 26124, 26933, 28155, 12, 28598, 49, 56, 55, 28155, 24596, 28443, 49, 56, 55, 29215, 24758, 24581, 27708, 24707, 24756, 24633, 24585, 25515, 29766, 25072, 24598, 27069, 24694, 24581, 24585, 25426, 25826, 24612, 25814, 41, 24590, 24584, 11, 87, 28678, 12, 24591, 24636, 24598, 24748, 28678, 93, 27933, 24874, 26531, 17, 25192, 24629, 24581, 28621, 24596, 28141, 74, 24841, 24581, 59, 25021, 29559, 75, 29135, 24601, 86, 24733, 27672, 25584, 93, 41, 24590, 24584, 11, 87, 24601, 73, 24618, 80, 25776, 18, 25496, 27254, 24951, 24625, 74, 27679, 24852, 26841, 25149, 26343, 25848, 18, 24657, 26849, 16, 24684, 26432, 17, 26432, 17, 27254, 26672, 16, 50, 29240, 41, 24590, 24584, 16, 24625, 28017, 24588, 24647, 69, 26881, 26931, 26187, 16, 24831, 24625, 25096, 24809, 75, 24962, 24819, 24647, 27650, 24595, 25080, 24583, 24683, 18, 27672, 25584, 93, 41, 24590, 24584, 29599, 25986, 16, 24581, 28621, 16, 24625, 24671, 24955, 24581, 28701, 18, 24627, 25305, 24595, 41, 24590, 28830, 16, 55, 25370, 24590, 25697, 27573, 24625, 25533, 24942, 27672, 25584, 93, 41, 24590, 24584, 18, 24627, 25479, 24595, 38, 24904, 25203, 69, 54, 26157, 16, 26985, 24585, 26651, 25479, 87, 24595, 24585, 26344, 17, 24800, 24664, 24634, 26760, 26196, 16, 24593, 25446, 41, 24590, 24584, 25840, 18, 37, 25228, 24581, 24585, 25076, 24592, 29264, 25906, 24595, 28621, 16, 27672, 25584, 93, 41, 24590, 24584, 28513, 24596, 27231, 24757, 26634, 16, 24625, 25533, 24942, 25047, 18, 24805, 26274, 24581, 27262, 24618, 25360, 24589, 24596, 27216, 24783, 25161, 24903, 29339, 25576, 24581, 25531, 18, 25404, 24762, 26374, 26525, 29755, 12, 24719, 24610, 24738, 13, 25149, 59, 24583, 24611, 26704, 24838, 28198, 24590, 24585, 40, 26289, 24713, 24595, 26113, 28198, 24964, 25315, 25065, 25051, 24722, 26844, 25393, 25454, 27, 25989, 27672, 25584, 93, 41, 24590, 24584, 41, 24590, 24584, 11, 87, 25687, 24672, 38, 24904, 25203, 69, 28513, 24941, 24672, 28621, 27058, 17, 29216, 28465, 28672, 24941, 26728, 24726, 26124, 25665, 26527, 26999, 87, 24595, 25155, 27090, 55, 24761, 24692, 24785, 24648, 12, 26124, 13, 26541, 81, 29563, 24601, 24585, 27202, 24595, 26124, 27133, 24635, 29563, 24601, 24970, 17, 29216, 28465, 28672, 26343, 26254, 24590, 27396, 52, 24604, 24594, 24738, 39, 28954, 16, 28621, 27012, 17, 25087, 27133, 26045, 24941, 27012, 17, 25087, 26113, 24719, 24610, 25575 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
3775112
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sligo%20Borough%20%28UK%20Parliament%20constituency%29
Sligo Borough (UK Parliament constituency)
Sligo Borough is a former borough constituency in Ireland, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was an original constituency represented in Parliament when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801, and returned one Member of Parliament (MP), elected by the first past the post system of election. Numerous elections were overturned on petition by the losing candidate; after the 1868 election was overturned, a Royal Commission examined the matter and reported that "at the last three elections of members to serve in Parliament for the Borough of Sligo, corrupt practices have extensively prevailed." Parliament therefore passed the Sligo and Cashel Disfranchisement Act 1870 (33 & 34 Vict. c.38) which came into force on 1 August 1870. The act disfranchised Sligo Borough as well as Cashel, another Irish borough. The area of Sligo borough became part of the County Sligo constituency. In 1881 the county's MP, Thomas Sexton, introduced a private member's bill to re-enfranchise the borough, which was defeated on second reading. Boundaries This constituency was the parliamentary borough of Sligo in County Sligo. Members of Parliament Supplemental Note:- 1 Walker (like F. W. S. Craig in his compilations of election results for Great Britain) classifies Whig, Radical and similar candidates as Liberals from 1832. The name Liberal was gradually adopted as a description for the Whigs and politicians allied with them, before the formal creation of the Liberal Party shortly after the 1859 general election. Elections Elections in the 1830s Elections in the 1840s On petition, Somers was unseated, causing a by-election. On petition, Towneley was unseated, causing a further by-election. Elections in the 1850s On petition, Towneley was unseated on 6 June 1853 due to bribery by his agents, causing a by-election. Sadleir's death caused a by-election. On petition, the poll was amended due to improperly recorded votes, leaving Wynne with 148 votes and Somers with 147 votes. Wynne was then declared elected on 31 July 1857. Elections in the 1860s Wynne's resignation caused a by-election. Knox's election was declared void on 2 March 1869, and no writ was issued to find a replacement MP. The seat was then disenfranchised on 1 August 1870, and absorbed into County Sligo. References Sources The Parliaments of England by Henry Stooks Smith (1st edition published in three volumes 1844–50), 2nd edition edited (in one volume) by F.W.S. Craig (Political Reference Publications 1973) British Electoral Facts 1832-1987, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Research Services, 5th edition, 1989) Citations Historic constituencies in County Sligo Westminster constituencies in County Sligo (historic) Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1801 Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom disestablished in 1870 Parliamentary constituencies disenfranchised for corruption
[ "Sl", "ig", "o", "Bor", "ough", "is", "a", "former", "borough", "constitu", "ency", "in", "Ireland", ",", "represented", "in", "the", "House", "of", "Common", "s", "of", "the", "Parliament", "of", "the", "United", "Kingdom", ".", "It", "was", "an", "original", "constitu", "ency", "represented", "in", "Parliament", "when", "the", "Union", "of", "Great", "Britain", "and", "Ireland", "took", "effect", "on", "1", "January", "180", "1", ",", "and", "returned", "one", "Member", "of", "Parliament", "(", "MP", "),", "elected", "by", "the", "first", "past", "the", "post", "system", "of", "election", ".", "N", "um", "erous", "elections", "were", "over", "turned", "on", "pet", "ition", "by", "the", "losing", "candidate", ";", "after", "the", "186", "8", "election", "was", "over", "turned", ",", "a", "Royal", "Commission", "exam", "ined", "the", "m", "atter", "and", "reported", "that", "\"", "at", "the", "last", "three", "elections", "of", "members", "to", "serve", "in", "Parliament", "for", "the", "Bor", "ough", "of", "Sl", "ig", "o", ",", "cor", "rupt", "pract", "ices", "have", "ext", "ens", "ively", "pre", "v", "ailed", ".\"", "Parliament", "therefore", "passed", "the", "Sl", "ig", "o", "and", "Cas", "hel", "Dis", "fr", "anch", "is", "ement", "Act", "187", "0", "(", "33", "&", "34", "Vict", ".", "c", ".", "38", ")", "which", "came", "into", "force", "on", "1", "August", "187", "0", ".", "The", "act", "dis", "fr", "anch", "ised", "Sl", "ig", "o", "Bor", "ough", "as", "well", "as", "Cas", "hel", ",", "another", "Irish", "borough", ".", "The", "area", "of", "Sl", "ig", "o", "borough", "became", "part", "of", "the", "County", "Sl", "ig", "o", "constitu", "ency", ".", "In", "188", "1", "the", "county", "'", "s", "MP", ",", "Thomas", "S", "ex", "ton", ",", "introduced", "a", "private", "member", "'", "s", "bill", "to", "re", "-", "en", "fr", "anch", "ise", "the", "borough", ",", "which", "was", "defeated", "on", "second", "reading", ".", "B", "ound", "aries", "This", "constitu", "ency", "was", "the", "parliament", "ary", "borough", "of", "Sl", "ig", "o", "in", "County", "Sl", "ig", "o", ".", "Members", "of", "Parliament", "Sup", "plement", "al", "Not", "e", ":", "-", "1", "Wal", "ker", "(", "like", "F", ".", "W", ".", "S", ".", "C", "ra", "ig", "in", "his", "comp", "il", "ations", "of", "election", "results", "for", "Great", "Britain", ")", "class", "if", "ies", "Wh", "ig", ",", "Rad", "ical", "and", "similar", "candid", "ates", "as", "Liber", "als", "from", "18", "32", ".", "The", "name", "Liber", "al", "was", "grad", "ually", "adopted", "as", "a", "descr", "ipt", "ion", "for", "the", "Wh", "ig", "s", "and", "politicians", "all", "ied", "with", "them", ",", "before", "the", "form", "al", "creation", "of", "the", "Liber", "al", "Party", "short", "ly", "after", "the", "185", "9", "general", "election", ".", "Ele", "ctions", "Ele", "ctions", "in", "the", "18", "3", "0s", "Ele", "ctions", "in", "the", "184", "0s", "On", "pet", "ition", ",", "S", "om", "ers", "was", "un", "se", "ated", ",", "ca", "using", "a", "by", "-", "election", ".", "On", "pet", "ition", ",", "T", "ow", "ne", "ley", "was", "un", "se", "ated", ",", "ca", "using", "a", "further", "by", "-", "election", ".", "Ele", "ctions", "in", "the", "185", "0s", "On", "pet", "ition", ",", "T", "ow", "ne", "ley", "was", "un", "se", "ated", "on", "6", "June", "185", "3", "due", "to", "br", "iber", "y", "by", "his", "ag", "ents", ",", "ca", "using", "a", "by", "-", "election", ".", "S", "ad", "le", "ir", "'", "s", "death", "caused", "a", "by", "-", "election", ".", "On", "pet", "ition", ",", "the", "poll", "was", "am", "ended", "due", "to", "im", "proper", "ly", "recorded", "votes", ",", "leaving", "W", "yn", "ne", "with", "14", "8", "votes", "and", "S", "om", "ers", "with", "14", "7", "votes", ".", "W", "yn", "ne", "was", "then", "declared", "elected", "on", "31", "July", "185", "7", ".", "Ele", "ctions", "in", "the", "186", "0s", "W", "yn", "ne", "'", "s", "res", "ign", "ation", "caused", "a", "by", "-", "election", ".", "K", "no", "x", "'", "s", "election", "was", "declared", "vo", "id", "on", "2", "March", "186", "9", ",", "and", "no", "writ", "was", "issued", "to", "find", "a", "replac", "ement", "MP", ".", "The", "seat", "was", "then", "dis", "en", "fr", "anch", "ised", "on", "1", "August", "187", "0", ",", "and", "ab", "sor", "bed", "into", "County", "Sl", "ig", "o", ".", "References", "Sources", "The", "Par", "li", "am", "ents", "of", "England", "by", "Henry", "Sto", "oks", "Smith", "(", "1st", "edition", "published", "in", "three", "vol", "umes", "184", "4", "–", "50", "),", "2nd", "edition", "ed", "ited", "(", "in", "one", "vol", "ume", ")", "by", "F", ".", "W", ".", "S", ".", "C", "ra", "ig", "(", "Political", "Re", "ference", "Public", "ations", "1973", ")", "British", "Ele", "ctoral", "F", "acts", "18", "32", "-", "1987", ",", "comp", "iled", "and", "ed", "ited", "by", "F", ".", "W", ".", "S", ".", "C", "ra", "ig", "(", "Parliament", "ary", "Research", "Services", ",", "5th", "edition", ",", "1989", ")", "Cit", "ations", "Historic", "constitu", "encies", "in", "County", "Sl", "ig", "o", "West", "min", "ster", "constitu", "encies", "in", "County", "Sl", "ig", "o", "(", "historic", ")", "Con", "stitu", "encies", "of", "the", "Parliament", "of", "the", "United", "Kingdom", "established", "in", "180", "1", "Con", "stitu", "encies", "of", "the", "Parliament", "of", "the", "United", "Kingdom", "dis", "established", "in", "187", "0", "Parliament", "ary", "constitu", "encies", "dis", "en", "fr", "anch", "ised", "for", "cor", "rupt", "ion" ]
[ 26499, 24628, 83, 27283, 24812, 24593, 69, 25346, 29264, 28875, 26322, 24581, 26779, 16, 27544, 24581, 24585, 25816, 24595, 27620, 87, 24595, 24585, 27167, 24595, 24585, 24994, 26514, 18, 24805, 24625, 24583, 25967, 28875, 26322, 27544, 24581, 27167, 25091, 24585, 26275, 24595, 26604, 27937, 24596, 26779, 25676, 26243, 24584, 21, 25352, 27226, 21, 16, 24596, 26355, 24748, 29239, 24595, 27167, 12, 27168, 24758, 26354, 24647, 24585, 24818, 27332, 24585, 25890, 25490, 24595, 25990, 18, 50, 24656, 27180, 27806, 24747, 24752, 28481, 24584, 27418, 24793, 24647, 24585, 29745, 28696, 31, 24942, 24585, 25802, 28, 25990, 24625, 24752, 28481, 16, 69, 26094, 27147, 27928, 25624, 24585, 81, 26130, 24596, 26674, 24682, 6, 24590, 24585, 25812, 25151, 27806, 24595, 25622, 24601, 28315, 24581, 27167, 24618, 24585, 27283, 24812, 24595, 26499, 24628, 83, 16, 25779, 28577, 26442, 25511, 24920, 25588, 24845, 26029, 24970, 90, 28320, 25215, 27167, 29817, 27951, 24585, 26499, 24628, 83, 24596, 28566, 25280, 26276, 24653, 27715, 24593, 25138, 25928, 25821, 20, 12, 26688, 10, 26844, 26600, 18, 71, 18, 26865, 13, 24763, 26206, 25000, 27158, 24584, 21, 25313, 25821, 20, 18, 24627, 24756, 24913, 24653, 27715, 25719, 26499, 24628, 83, 27283, 24812, 24594, 25173, 24594, 28566, 25280, 16, 26054, 27133, 29264, 18, 24627, 25450, 24595, 26499, 24628, 83, 29264, 25244, 24791, 24595, 24585, 25239, 26499, 24628, 83, 28875, 26322, 18, 24657, 25668, 21, 24585, 27717, 11, 87, 27168, 16, 26444, 55, 24707, 24915, 16, 27146, 69, 27145, 25537, 11, 87, 27154, 24601, 24600, 17, 24587, 24653, 27715, 25279, 24585, 29264, 16, 24763, 24625, 27387, 24584, 25179, 27437, 18, 38, 24742, 26868, 25111, 28875, 26322, 24625, 24585, 29245, 24713, 29264, 24595, 26499, 24628, 83, 24581, 25239, 26499, 24628, 83, 18, 27585, 24595, 27167, 26968, 28229, 24591, 25764, 73, 30, 17, 21, 26179, 27223, 12, 25692, 42, 18, 59, 18, 55, 18, 39, 24840, 24628, 24581, 24684, 24770, 24608, 24833, 24595, 25990, 27233, 24618, 26604, 27937, 13, 25360, 24692, 24675, 25067, 24628, 16, 26483, 24757, 24596, 26473, 27210, 24855, 24594, 27613, 24702, 24672, 24722, 27056, 18, 24627, 25364, 27613, 24591, 24625, 25861, 25520, 29558, 24594, 69, 25546, 26112, 24602, 24618, 24585, 25067, 24628, 87, 24596, 27901, 24663, 24837, 24651, 25154, 16, 25327, 24585, 24839, 24591, 28592, 24595, 24585, 27613, 24591, 25970, 25903, 24633, 24942, 24585, 26186, 29, 26139, 25990, 18, 27983, 25509, 27983, 25509, 24581, 24585, 24722, 23, 25219, 27983, 25509, 24581, 24585, 26422, 25219, 24964, 27418, 24793, 16, 55, 24605, 24629, 24625, 24631, 24620, 24712, 16, 25656, 25916, 69, 24647, 17, 25990, 18, 24964, 27418, 24793, 16, 56, 24639, 24687, 25145, 24625, 24631, 24620, 24712, 16, 25656, 25916, 69, 26629, 24647, 17, 25990, 18, 27983, 25509, 24581, 24585, 26186, 25219, 24964, 27418, 24793, 16, 56, 24639, 24687, 25145, 24625, 24631, 24620, 24712, 24584, 26, 25347, 26186, 23, 25769, 24601, 24816, 29067, 93, 24647, 24684, 24638, 24883, 16, 25656, 25916, 69, 24647, 17, 25990, 18, 55, 24614, 24604, 24624, 11, 87, 25303, 28091, 69, 24647, 17, 25990, 18, 24964, 27418, 24793, 16, 24585, 29709, 24625, 24611, 25396, 25769, 24601, 24634, 26542, 24633, 26507, 29188, 16, 28488, 59, 25828, 24687, 24651, 25129, 28, 29188, 24596, 55, 24605, 24629, 24651, 25129, 27, 29188, 18, 59, 25828, 24687, 24625, 25115, 29398, 26354, 24584, 26156, 25363, 26186, 27, 18, 27983, 25509, 24581, 24585, 25802, 25219, 59, 25828, 24687, 11, 87, 24753, 24761, 24626, 28091, 69, 24647, 17, 25990, 18, 47, 25159, 92, 11, 87, 25990, 24625, 29398, 26116, 24630, 24584, 22, 25317, 25802, 29, 16, 24596, 25159, 25088, 24625, 28380, 24601, 26611, 69, 29299, 25138, 27168, 18, 24627, 27739, 24625, 25115, 24913, 24587, 24653, 27715, 25719, 24584, 21, 25313, 25821, 20, 16, 24596, 24662, 28510, 27565, 25000, 25239, 26499, 24628, 83, 18, 24838, 29471, 24627, 25251, 24952, 24611, 24883, 24595, 25921, 24647, 26841, 27361, 25918, 26825, 12, 26636, 27492, 25728, 24581, 25151, 25561, 29950, 26422, 24, 4992, 25681, 24758, 26956, 27492, 24588, 24863, 12, 24581, 24748, 25561, 26855, 13, 24647, 42, 18, 59, 18, 55, 18, 39, 24840, 24628, 12, 29132, 24693, 25947, 26746, 24833, 27227, 13, 25320, 27983, 28856, 42, 27385, 24722, 27056, 17, 26753, 16, 24770, 28187, 24596, 24588, 24863, 24647, 42, 18, 59, 18, 55, 18, 39, 24840, 24628, 12, 27167, 24713, 27374, 29957, 16, 29063, 27492, 16, 26626, 13, 29789, 24833, 27090, 28875, 28559, 24581, 25239, 26499, 24628, 83, 25526, 24931, 26044, 28875, 28559, 24581, 25239, 26499, 24628, 83, 12, 28575, 13, 24924, 28032, 28559, 24595, 24585, 27167, 24595, 24585, 24994, 26514, 25572, 24581, 27226, 21, 24924, 28032, 28559, 24595, 24585, 27167, 24595, 24585, 24994, 26514, 24913, 25572, 24581, 25821, 20, 27167, 24713, 28875, 28559, 24913, 24587, 24653, 27715, 25719, 24618, 25779, 28577, 24602 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
75017797
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%20Yisrael%20Chai
Am Yisrael Chai
Am Yisrael Chai (Hebrew: עַם יִשְׂרָאֵל חַי; ) is Jewish solidarity anthem and a widely used expression of Jewish peoplehood and an affirmation of the continuity of the Jewish people. Composition The song's lyrics are derived from Genesis 45:3: "Joseph said to his brothers, 'I am Joseph. Is my father still alive?'" Carlebach added the words "Am Yisrael Chai" (the nation of Israel lives on) and, for the song's refrain, changed the words "is my father still alive" to "our father still lives" (HEB. "Od Avinu Chai") in a possible reference to the Jewish tradition that "Jacob/Israel did not die." According musicologist Tina Frühauf, Carlebach changed the reference from Joseph's father to God, "as the father of the children of Israel." The lyrics evoke a sense of the Jewish nation, Jewish survival, and an affirmation of Jewish identity. History The phrase gained popular use with the eponymous 1965 song composed and sung by Jewish songwriter Shlomo Carlebach, which became the solidarity anthem of Soviet Jewry. At the request of Solomon Birnbaum, Carlebach created and performed the song for the first time at the 1965 rally in New York in support of the Student Struggle for Soviet Jewry. The song was sung on the second day of the Six Day War and at the end of the Yom Kippur War. It is the final song of Soul Doctor, a Broadway musical about Carlebach's life. It is often used by the Jewish diaspora to express support and solidarity with Israel, such as during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. In 2019, Judaic scholar Arnold Eisen called "Am Yisrael Chai" the "civil religion" of American Jewry. In 2023, Ben-Gurion Airport in Tel Aviv, Israel, debuted a 50-meter-long mural titled Am Yisrael Chai that covers 4,000 years of Jewish history. The phrase has been used widely as a defiant expression of Jewish continuity. For example, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu scribed the words "Am Yisrael Chai" in the guestbook of the Wannsee Villa in Berlin. US Ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield uttered the phrase at an Israel solidarity rally during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. References External links Entry in the Jewish English Lexicon dictionary Shlomo Carlebach Book of Genesis Hebrew words and phrases in the Hebrew Bible Jewish songs
[ "Am", "Y", "is", "rael", "Ch", "ai", "(", "He", "bre", "w", ":", "ע", "ַ", "ם", "י", "ִ", "ש", "ְ", "ׂ", "ר", "ָ", "א", "ֵ", "ל", "ח", "ַ", "י", ";", ")", "is", "Jewish", "sol", "id", "ar", "ity", "an", "them", "and", "a", "widely", "used", "express", "ion", "of", "Jewish", "people", "hood", "and", "an", "af", "firm", "ation", "of", "the", "continu", "ity", "of", "the", "Jewish", "people", ".", "Com", "position", "The", "song", "'", "s", "ly", "rics", "are", "der", "ived", "from", "Gen", "es", "is", "45", ":", "3", ":", "\"", "Joseph", "said", "to", "his", "bro", "thers", ",", "'", "I", "am", "Joseph", ".", "Is", "my", "father", "still", "al", "ive", "?", "'", "\"", "Car", "le", "b", "ach", "added", "the", "words", "\"", "Am", "Y", "is", "rael", "Ch", "ai", "\"", "(", "the", "nation", "of", "Israel", "lives", "on", ")", "and", ",", "for", "the", "song", "'", "s", "re", "fr", "ain", ",", "changed", "the", "words", "\"", "is", "my", "father", "still", "al", "ive", "\"", "to", "\"", "our", "father", "still", "lives", "\"", "(", "H", "E", "B", ".", "\"", "O", "d", "A", "vin", "u", "Ch", "ai", "\")", "in", "a", "possible", "re", "ference", "to", "the", "Jewish", "tradition", "that", "\"", "Jac", "ob", "/", "Israel", "did", "not", "die", ".\"", "According", "music", "ologist", "T", "ina", "Fr", "ü", "h", "au", "f", ",", "Car", "le", "b", "ach", "changed", "the", "re", "ference", "from", "Joseph", "'", "s", "father", "to", "God", ",", "\"", "as", "the", "father", "of", "the", "children", "of", "Israel", ".\"", "The", "ly", "rics", "ev", "oke", "a", "sen", "se", "of", "the", "Jewish", "nation", ",", "Jewish", "surv", "ival", ",", "and", "an", "af", "firm", "ation", "of", "Jewish", "ident", "ity", ".", "History", "The", "ph", "r", "ase", "gained", "popular", "use", "with", "the", "ep", "onym", "ous", "1965", "song", "composed", "and", "s", "ung", "by", "Jewish", "song", "writer", "Sh", "l", "om", "o", "Car", "le", "b", "ach", ",", "which", "became", "the", "sol", "id", "ar", "ity", "an", "them", "of", "Soviet", "Jew", "ry", ".", "At", "the", "requ", "est", "of", "Sol", "om", "on", "Bir", "n", "ba", "um", ",", "Car", "le", "b", "ach", "created", "and", "performed", "the", "song", "for", "the", "first", "time", "at", "the", "1965", "r", "ally", "in", "New", "York", "in", "support", "of", "the", "Stud", "ent", "Str", "ugg", "le", "for", "Soviet", "Jew", "ry", ".", "The", "song", "was", "s", "ung", "on", "the", "second", "day", "of", "the", "Six", "Day", "War", "and", "at", "the", "end", "of", "the", "Y", "om", "K", "ip", "pur", "War", ".", "It", "is", "the", "final", "song", "of", "S", "oul", "Do", "ctor", ",", "a", "Broad", "way", "musical", "about", "Car", "le", "b", "ach", "'", "s", "life", ".", "It", "is", "often", "used", "by", "the", "Jewish", "di", "as", "por", "a", "to", "express", "support", "and", "sol", "id", "ar", "ity", "with", "Israel", ",", "such", "as", "during", "the", "2023", "Israel", "–", "Ham", "as", "war", ".", "In", "2019", ",", "Jud", "a", "ic", "scholar", "Ar", "n", "old", "E", "is", "en", "called", "\"", "Am", "Y", "is", "rael", "Ch", "ai", "\"", "the", "\"", "civil", "relig", "ion", "\"", "of", "American", "Jew", "ry", ".", "In", "2023", ",", "Ben", "-", "G", "ur", "ion", "Airport", "in", "Tel", "Av", "iv", ",", "Israel", ",", "debut", "ed", "a", "50", "-", "me", "ter", "-", "long", "m", "ural", "titled", "Am", "Y", "is", "rael", "Ch", "ai", "that", "c", "overs", "4", ",", "000", "years", "of", "Jewish", "history", ".", "The", "ph", "r", "ase", "has", "been", "used", "widely", "as", "a", "def", "iant", "express", "ion", "of", "Jewish", "continu", "ity", ".", "For", "example", ",", "Israeli", "Prime", "Minister", "Ben", "j", "amin", "Net", "any", "ah", "u", "scr", "ib", "ed", "the", "words", "\"", "Am", "Y", "is", "rael", "Ch", "ai", "\"", "in", "the", "gu", "est", "book", "of", "the", "W", "ann", "see", "Vill", "a", "in", "Berlin", ".", "US", "Am", "bass", "ador", "to", "the", "UN", "Lind", "a", "Thomas", "-", "Green", "field", "ut", "ter", "ed", "the", "ph", "r", "ase", "at", "an", "Israel", "sol", "id", "ar", "ity", "r", "ally", "during", "the", "2023", "Israel", "–", "Ham", "as", "war", ".", "References", "External", "links", "En", "try", "in", "the", "Jewish", "English", "L", "ex", "ic", "on", "d", "iction", "ary", "Sh", "l", "om", "o", "Car", "le", "b", "ach", "Book", "of", "Gen", "es", "is", "He", "bre", "w", "words", "and", "ph", "r", "ases", "in", "the", "He", "bre", "w", "B", "ible", "Jewish", "songs" ]
[ 25417, 61, 24593, 26894, 24698, 25257, 12, 24736, 25706, 91, 30, 1409, 1376, 1404, 1400, 1373, 1416, 1369, 1387, 1415, 1377, 1391, 1374, 1403, 1398, 1376, 1400, 31, 13, 24593, 27536, 25945, 24630, 24592, 24683, 24583, 25154, 24596, 69, 29704, 25030, 27352, 24602, 24595, 27536, 24941, 26931, 24596, 24583, 24744, 28129, 24626, 24595, 24585, 25777, 24683, 24595, 24585, 27536, 24941, 18, 24875, 25654, 24627, 25256, 11, 87, 24633, 29417, 24686, 24795, 25199, 24672, 25516, 24589, 24593, 26691, 30, 23, 30, 6, 27294, 25860, 24601, 24684, 25693, 27395, 16, 11, 45, 24611, 27294, 18, 25134, 25148, 25919, 26043, 24591, 24723, 35, 11, 6, 25198, 24604, 70, 24769, 27220, 24585, 28899, 6, 25417, 61, 24593, 26894, 24698, 25257, 6, 12, 24585, 28251, 24595, 26928, 28567, 24584, 13, 24596, 16, 24618, 24585, 25256, 11, 87, 24600, 24653, 24667, 16, 27496, 24585, 28899, 6, 24593, 25148, 25919, 26043, 24591, 24723, 6, 24601, 6, 24714, 25919, 26043, 28567, 6, 12, 44, 41, 38, 18, 6, 51, 72, 37, 27671, 89, 24698, 25257, 27687, 24581, 69, 27333, 24600, 25947, 24601, 24585, 27536, 26717, 24682, 6, 29204, 24870, 19, 26928, 25671, 24809, 28495, 25215, 26446, 25331, 28889, 56, 25110, 24974, 219, 76, 24786, 74, 16, 25198, 24604, 70, 24769, 27496, 24585, 24600, 25947, 24672, 27294, 11, 87, 25919, 24601, 27205, 16, 6, 24594, 24585, 25919, 24595, 24585, 25902, 24595, 26928, 25215, 24627, 24633, 29417, 24895, 28136, 69, 25948, 24620, 24595, 24585, 27536, 28251, 16, 27536, 27295, 25628, 16, 24596, 24583, 24744, 28129, 24626, 24595, 27536, 25063, 24683, 18, 25592, 24627, 24844, 86, 24963, 29546, 26383, 25043, 24651, 24585, 25090, 29062, 24797, 27495, 25256, 28429, 24596, 87, 25566, 24647, 27536, 25256, 26408, 24950, 80, 24605, 83, 25198, 24604, 70, 24769, 16, 24763, 25244, 24585, 25945, 24630, 24592, 24683, 24583, 25154, 24595, 26955, 26508, 25064, 18, 25197, 24585, 25609, 24655, 24595, 27342, 24605, 24584, 28019, 82, 27317, 24656, 16, 25198, 24604, 70, 24769, 26199, 24596, 26914, 24585, 25256, 24618, 24585, 24818, 24978, 24590, 24585, 27495, 86, 24904, 24581, 24871, 25288, 24581, 25983, 24595, 24585, 26247, 24609, 25963, 28242, 24604, 24618, 26955, 26508, 25064, 18, 24627, 25256, 24625, 87, 25566, 24584, 24585, 25179, 25058, 24595, 24585, 29662, 26871, 25209, 24596, 24590, 24585, 24725, 24595, 24585, 61, 24605, 47, 24696, 26017, 25209, 18, 24805, 24593, 24585, 25738, 25256, 24595, 55, 26786, 26608, 25158, 16, 69, 28050, 24968, 27740, 25150, 25198, 24604, 70, 24769, 11, 87, 25372, 18, 24805, 24593, 26133, 25030, 24647, 24585, 27536, 25817, 24594, 24729, 69, 24601, 27352, 25983, 24596, 25945, 24630, 24592, 24683, 24651, 26928, 16, 25221, 24594, 25104, 24585, 26435, 26928, 4992, 26549, 24594, 25573, 18, 24657, 25655, 16, 27485, 69, 24597, 29182, 24780, 82, 24867, 41, 24593, 24587, 25446, 6, 25417, 61, 24593, 26894, 24698, 25257, 6, 24585, 6, 27052, 27024, 24602, 6, 24595, 24868, 26508, 25064, 18, 24657, 26435, 16, 26593, 17, 43, 24615, 24602, 28846, 24581, 29691, 28608, 24622, 16, 26928, 16, 26097, 24588, 69, 25681, 17, 24885, 24621, 17, 25444, 81, 25274, 28613, 25417, 61, 24593, 26894, 24698, 25257, 24682, 71, 27284, 24, 16, 25348, 25100, 24595, 27536, 25838, 18, 24627, 24844, 86, 24963, 24808, 24948, 25030, 29704, 24594, 69, 25808, 29310, 27352, 24602, 24595, 27536, 25777, 24683, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 29665, 28570, 26785, 26593, 78, 29235, 27659, 24956, 24966, 89, 28348, 24751, 24588, 24585, 28899, 6, 25417, 61, 24593, 26894, 24698, 25257, 6, 24581, 24585, 25309, 24655, 25756, 24595, 24585, 59, 24910, 26068, 26988, 69, 24581, 28248, 18, 25473, 25417, 27165, 27721, 24601, 24585, 29144, 29306, 69, 26444, 17, 26679, 25401, 24660, 24621, 24588, 24585, 24844, 86, 24963, 24590, 24583, 26928, 25945, 24630, 24592, 24683, 86, 24904, 25104, 24585, 26435, 26928, 4992, 26549, 24594, 25573, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 24879, 25378, 24581, 24585, 27536, 25407, 48, 24707, 24597, 24584, 72, 26289, 24713, 24950, 80, 24605, 83, 25198, 24604, 70, 24769, 27841, 24595, 25516, 24589, 24593, 24736, 25706, 91, 28899, 24596, 24844, 86, 27190, 24581, 24585, 24736, 25706, 91, 38, 25569, 27536, 26384 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
9502945
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cautethia%20spuria
Cautethia spuria
Cautethia spuria, the spurious sphinx, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1875. It lives from Mexico to Costa Rica to southern Texas and Oklahoma on the North American continent. References External links Cautethia spuria Sphingidae of the Americas Cautethia Moths described in 1875 Sphingidae of South America Moths of South America
[ "Ca", "ute", "th", "ia", "sp", "ur", "ia", ",", "the", "sp", "ur", "ious", "s", "ph", "in", "x", ",", "is", "a", "m", "oth", "of", "the", "family", "S", "ph", "ing", "idae", ".", "The", "species", "was", "first", "described", "by", "Jean", "B", "apt", "ist", "e", "Bo", "is", "du", "val", "in", "187", "5", ".", "It", "lives", "from", "Mexico", "to", "C", "ost", "a", "R", "ica", "to", "southern", "Texas", "and", "Oklahoma", "on", "the", "North", "American", "contin", "ent", ".", "References", "External", "links", "Ca", "ute", "th", "ia", "sp", "ur", "ia", "S", "ph", "ing", "idae", "of", "the", "Amer", "ic", "as", "Ca", "ute", "th", "ia", "Mo", "ths", "described", "in", "187", "5", "S", "ph", "ing", "idae", "of", "South", "America", "Mo", "ths", "of", "South", "America" ]
[ 27875, 25412, 24580, 24677, 24878, 24615, 24677, 16, 24585, 24878, 24615, 25044, 87, 24844, 24581, 92, 16, 24593, 69, 81, 25584, 24595, 24585, 25334, 55, 24844, 24599, 26724, 18, 24627, 25752, 24625, 24818, 25896, 24647, 27885, 38, 27325, 24641, 73, 25255, 24593, 24749, 25595, 24581, 25821, 25, 18, 24805, 28567, 24672, 27113, 24601, 39, 24764, 69, 54, 25177, 24601, 27614, 26734, 24596, 29929, 24584, 24585, 25386, 24868, 25481, 24609, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 27875, 25412, 24580, 24677, 24878, 24615, 24677, 55, 24844, 24599, 26724, 24595, 24585, 24825, 24597, 24594, 27875, 25412, 24580, 24677, 25721, 25136, 25896, 24581, 25821, 25, 55, 24844, 24599, 26724, 24595, 25236, 26185, 25721, 25136, 24595, 25236, 26185 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
70780237
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynder%20Nkuranga
Lynder Nkuranga
Lynder Nkuranga was born in 1982, is a Rwandan police official. She serves as Assistant Commissioner of Police and Director General of Immigration and Emigration of the republic of Rwanda. Career Lynder Nkuranga is the first woman to become director of Rwandan intelligence. President Paul Kagame nominated her, breaking a longstanding taboo. The heads of the national intelligence and security services had always been occupied by the military. Nkuranga replaced Colonel Anaclet Kalibata. She holds a master's degree in peace and conflict studies and attended a course at the Musanze police academy. She served in the Rwanda National Police for over ten years. Prior to joining the Secret Service, she served as Commissioner for Cooperation and Protocol and was the only woman in the police command structure consisting of 36 senior officers. She is the second woman to rise so high in the ranks of law enforcement. The first was Mary Gahonzie, who led the police, who was a deputy general commissioner, then an acting general commissioner in 2009 and lastly a prison commissioner, in 2010. References Rwandan women in politics
[ "Lyn", "der", "N", "k", "ur", "ang", "a", "was", "born", "in", "1982", ",", "is", "a", "R", "w", "and", "an", "police", "official", ".", "She", "serves", "as", "Ass", "ist", "ant", "Commission", "er", "of", "Police", "and", "Director", "General", "of", "Im", "m", "igr", "ation", "and", "Em", "igr", "ation", "of", "the", "re", "public", "of", "R", "w", "anda", ".", "Career", "Lyn", "der", "N", "k", "ur", "ang", "a", "is", "the", "first", "woman", "to", "become", "director", "of", "R", "w", "and", "an", "int", "ell", "igence", ".", "President", "Paul", "K", "ag", "ame", "nominated", "her", ",", "bre", "aking", "a", "long", "standing", "t", "ab", "oo", ".", "The", "head", "s", "of", "the", "national", "int", "ell", "igence", "and", "security", "services", "had", "always", "been", "occup", "ied", "by", "the", "military", ".", "N", "k", "ur", "ang", "a", "replaced", "Colon", "el", "An", "ac", "let", "Kal", "ib", "ata", ".", "She", "holds", "a", "master", "'", "s", "degree", "in", "peace", "and", "conflict", "studies", "and", "attended", "a", "course", "at", "the", "Mus", "an", "ze", "police", "academ", "y", ".", "She", "served", "in", "the", "R", "w", "anda", "National", "Police", "for", "over", "ten", "years", ".", "Pr", "ior", "to", "join", "ing", "the", "Se", "cret", "Service", ",", "she", "served", "as", "Commission", "er", "for", "Co", "operation", "and", "Pro", "to", "col", "and", "was", "the", "only", "woman", "in", "the", "police", "command", "structure", "consist", "ing", "of", "36", "senior", "officers", ".", "She", "is", "the", "second", "woman", "to", "r", "ise", "so", "high", "in", "the", "ran", "ks", "of", "law", "en", "for", "cement", ".", "The", "first", "was", "Mary", "G", "ah", "on", "z", "ie", ",", "who", "led", "the", "police", ",", "who", "was", "a", "dep", "uty", "general", "commission", "er", ",", "then", "an", "acting", "general", "commission", "er", "in", "2009", "and", "last", "ly", "a", "prison", "commission", "er", ",", "in", "2010", ".", "References", "R", "w", "and", "an", "women", "in", "politics" ]
[ 29902, 24795, 50, 79, 24615, 24822, 69, 24625, 25049, 24581, 26979, 16, 24593, 69, 54, 91, 24596, 24583, 27135, 26550, 18, 25079, 29415, 24594, 28013, 24641, 24738, 27147, 24582, 24595, 28433, 24596, 27855, 25991, 24595, 26541, 81, 27338, 24626, 24596, 25971, 27338, 24626, 24595, 24585, 24600, 25242, 24595, 54, 91, 27605, 18, 27033, 29902, 24795, 50, 79, 24615, 24822, 69, 24593, 24585, 24818, 27433, 24601, 26326, 26319, 24595, 54, 91, 24596, 24583, 24957, 24731, 29290, 18, 26180, 26108, 47, 24638, 24741, 29456, 24803, 16, 25706, 25540, 69, 25444, 27258, 88, 24662, 27340, 18, 24627, 25342, 87, 24595, 24585, 25743, 24957, 24731, 29290, 24596, 28727, 26481, 24798, 28708, 24948, 27358, 24837, 24647, 24585, 26280, 18, 50, 79, 24615, 24822, 69, 27196, 28615, 24613, 24800, 24616, 25171, 28737, 24751, 25591, 18, 25079, 27316, 69, 27667, 11, 87, 27261, 24581, 29370, 24596, 29998, 27754, 24596, 27446, 69, 27557, 24590, 24585, 26583, 24583, 25852, 27135, 27640, 93, 18, 25079, 25612, 24581, 24585, 54, 91, 27605, 25155, 28433, 24618, 24752, 25026, 25100, 18, 24891, 25233, 24601, 27431, 24599, 24585, 24779, 26209, 27349, 16, 24971, 25612, 24594, 27147, 24582, 24618, 25287, 27719, 24596, 25057, 24601, 24908, 24596, 24625, 24585, 25089, 27433, 24581, 24585, 27135, 27061, 27677, 27062, 24599, 24595, 26752, 27863, 28264, 18, 25079, 24593, 24585, 25179, 27433, 24601, 86, 25279, 25165, 25153, 24581, 24585, 24771, 24737, 24595, 25539, 24587, 24618, 29534, 18, 24627, 24818, 24625, 26313, 43, 24966, 24584, 94, 24716, 16, 24831, 25121, 24585, 27135, 16, 24831, 24625, 69, 25418, 28450, 26139, 27428, 24582, 16, 25115, 24583, 28349, 26139, 27428, 24582, 24581, 25531, 24596, 25812, 24633, 69, 26990, 27428, 24582, 16, 24581, 25449, 18, 24838, 54, 91, 24596, 24583, 25522, 24581, 29595 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
51891148
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basford%20Vernon%20railway%20station
Basford Vernon railway station
Basford Vernon railway station is a disused railway station that was located on the Robin Hood Line between Nottingham and Mansfield. History The station was originally called Basford on the Midland Railway's Nottingham to Mansfield Line and opened on 2 October 1848. Three passenger trains a day in each direction were provided from Monday to Saturday with two on Sundays. The fare from Nottingham to Lenton was 1s. in first class, 9d in second class, and 6d in third class. It was renamed in August 1952 and closed to passengers on 4 January 1960 and to goods on 2 October 1967. In its place now stands the Nottingham Express Transit (NET) Basford tram stop which opened on 9 March 2004, along with the rest of NET's initial system. The tram stop is located on the site of the sidings and goods shed of the former Basford Vernon railway station. Stationmasters J. Shaw ca. 1860 - 1867 John Salt 1867 - 1904 C. Snell 1905 - 1910 (formerly station master at Sutton in Ashfield) J. Davies 1910 - 1922 (formerly stationmaster at Spondon afterwards stationmaster at Bath) S.J. Whitehead 1922 - (formerly station master at Butterley, also stationmaster of Radford and Bulwell) References Disused railway stations in Nottinghamshire Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1848 Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1960 Former Midland Railway stations
[ "Bas", "ford", "V", "ern", "on", "railway", "station", "is", "a", "dis", "used", "railway", "station", "that", "was", "located", "on", "the", "Robin", "H", "ood", "Line", "between", "N", "ott", "ingham", "and", "M", "ans", "field", ".", "History", "The", "station", "was", "originally", "called", "Bas", "ford", "on", "the", "Mid", "land", "Railway", "'", "s", "N", "ott", "ingham", "to", "M", "ans", "field", "Line", "and", "opened", "on", "2", "October", "184", "8", ".", "Three", "pass", "enger", "train", "s", "a", "day", "in", "each", "direction", "were", "provided", "from", "Mon", "day", "to", "Sat", "ur", "day", "with", "two", "on", "Sun", "days", ".", "The", "f", "are", "from", "N", "ott", "ingham", "to", "L", "ent", "on", "was", "1", "s", ".", "in", "first", "class", ",", "9", "d", "in", "second", "class", ",", "and", "6", "d", "in", "third", "class", ".", "It", "was", "renamed", "in", "August", "1952", "and", "closed", "to", "pass", "eng", "ers", "on", "4", "January", "1960", "and", "to", "good", "s", "on", "2", "October", "1967", ".", "In", "its", "place", "now", "stand", "s", "the", "N", "ott", "ingham", "Ex", "press", "Tran", "sit", "(", "NE", "T", ")", "Bas", "ford", "tr", "am", "stop", "which", "opened", "on", "9", "March", "2004", ",", "along", "with", "the", "rest", "of", "NE", "T", "'", "s", "initial", "system", ".", "The", "tr", "am", "stop", "is", "located", "on", "the", "site", "of", "the", "sid", "ings", "and", "good", "s", "sh", "ed", "of", "the", "former", "Bas", "ford", "V", "ern", "on", "railway", "station", ".", "Station", "mas", "ters", "J", ".", "Sh", "aw", "ca", ".", "186", "0", "-", "186", "7", "John", "Sal", "t", "186", "7", "-", "190", "4", "C", ".", "S", "n", "ell", "1905", "-", "1910", "(", "formerly", "station", "master", "at", "S", "ut", "ton", "in", "Ash", "field", ")", "J", ".", "Dav", "ies", "1910", "-", "1922", "(", "formerly", "station", "master", "at", "Sp", "ond", "on", "after", "wards", "station", "master", "at", "B", "ath", ")", "S", ".", "J", ".", "White", "head", "1922", "-", "(", "formerly", "station", "master", "at", "But", "ter", "ley", ",", "also", "station", "master", "of", "Rad", "ford", "and", "Bul", "well", ")", "References", "Dis", "used", "railway", "stations", "in", "N", "ott", "ingham", "shire", "Railway", "stations", "in", "Great", "Britain", "opened", "in", "184", "8", "Railway", "stations", "in", "Great", "Britain", "closed", "in", "1960", "Former", "Mid", "land", "Railway", "stations" ]
[ 27609, 25579, 58, 25369, 24584, 27423, 25711, 24593, 69, 24913, 25030, 27423, 25711, 24682, 24625, 25616, 24584, 24585, 29307, 44, 24946, 27818, 25142, 50, 25568, 29707, 24596, 49, 24841, 25401, 18, 25592, 24627, 25711, 24625, 26985, 25446, 27609, 25579, 24584, 24585, 26344, 24775, 27112, 11, 87, 50, 25568, 29707, 24601, 49, 24841, 25401, 27818, 24596, 26274, 24584, 22, 25336, 26422, 28, 18, 28336, 25565, 28508, 25800, 87, 69, 25058, 24581, 25703, 29114, 24747, 27380, 24672, 25732, 25058, 24601, 27883, 24615, 25058, 24651, 24907, 24584, 26486, 26346, 18, 24627, 74, 24686, 24672, 50, 25568, 29707, 24601, 48, 24609, 24584, 24625, 21, 87, 18, 24581, 24818, 25360, 16, 29, 72, 24581, 25179, 25360, 16, 24596, 26, 72, 24581, 25859, 25360, 18, 24805, 24625, 28816, 24581, 25313, 28022, 24596, 27216, 24601, 25565, 25010, 24629, 24584, 24, 25352, 27541, 24596, 24601, 26663, 87, 24584, 22, 25336, 27377, 18, 24657, 24783, 25468, 25426, 25567, 87, 24585, 50, 25568, 29707, 24889, 25415, 26175, 26117, 12, 27252, 56, 13, 27609, 25579, 24664, 24611, 27282, 24763, 26274, 24584, 29, 25317, 25783, 16, 25635, 24651, 24585, 25448, 24595, 27252, 56, 11, 87, 29221, 25490, 18, 24627, 24664, 24611, 27282, 24593, 25616, 24584, 24585, 25508, 24595, 24585, 29083, 24939, 24596, 26663, 87, 24690, 24588, 24595, 24585, 25346, 27609, 25579, 58, 25369, 24584, 27423, 25711, 18, 27648, 27274, 24998, 46, 18, 24950, 24766, 25656, 18, 25802, 20, 17, 25802, 27, 25149, 26200, 88, 25802, 27, 17, 25454, 24, 39, 18, 55, 82, 24731, 29976, 17, 28860, 12, 28598, 25711, 27667, 24590, 55, 24660, 24915, 24581, 27995, 25401, 13, 46, 18, 25735, 24675, 28860, 17, 28958, 12, 28598, 25711, 27667, 24590, 25175, 25112, 24584, 24942, 26165, 25711, 27667, 24590, 38, 24851, 13, 55, 18, 46, 18, 26680, 25342, 28958, 17, 12, 28598, 25711, 27667, 24590, 26885, 24621, 25145, 16, 24762, 25711, 27667, 24595, 26483, 25579, 24596, 27412, 25173, 13, 24838, 26276, 25030, 27423, 26838, 24581, 50, 25568, 29707, 26249, 27112, 26838, 24581, 26604, 27937, 26274, 24581, 26422, 28, 27112, 26838, 24581, 26604, 27937, 27216, 24581, 27541, 29400, 26344, 24775, 27112, 26838 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
51106835
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khadoor%20Sahib%20Assembly%20constituency
Khadoor Sahib Assembly constituency
Khadoor Sahib Assembly constituency is a Punjab Legislative Assembly constituency in Tarn Taran district, Punjab state, India. Members of the Legislative Assembly Election results 2022 2017 References External links Assembly constituencies of Punjab, India Tarn Taran district
[ "K", "had", "oor", "S", "ah", "ib", "Assembly", "constitu", "ency", "is", "a", "P", "un", "j", "ab", "Legisl", "ative", "Assembly", "constitu", "ency", "in", "Tar", "n", "Tar", "an", "district", ",", "P", "un", "j", "ab", "state", ",", "India", ".", "Members", "of", "the", "Legisl", "ative", "Assembly", "E", "lection", "results", "2022", "2017", "References", "External", "links", "Assembly", "constitu", "encies", "of", "P", "un", "j", "ab", ",", "India", "Tar", "n", "Tar", "an", "district" ]
[ 47, 24798, 27188, 55, 24966, 24751, 27458, 28875, 26322, 24593, 69, 52, 24631, 78, 24662, 28979, 25077, 27458, 28875, 26322, 24581, 29690, 82, 29690, 24583, 25906, 16, 52, 24631, 78, 24662, 25338, 16, 26047, 18, 27585, 24595, 24585, 28979, 25077, 27458, 41, 26155, 27233, 25862, 25630, 24838, 25065, 25051, 27458, 28875, 28559, 24595, 52, 24631, 78, 24662, 16, 26047, 29690, 82, 29690, 24583, 25906 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
8596034
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exodus%20%28Polish%20band%29
Exodus (Polish band)
Exodus was a Polish symphonic rock band, active 1976–1985. Exodus was one of the leading progressive rock bands (sometimes described as "art-rock") in Polish rock in late 1970s and early 1980s. Members Past members Andrzej Puczyński – guitar Wojciech Puczyński – bass guitar Władysław Komendarek – keyboards Paweł Birula – vocals, 12-string guitar Zbigniew Fyk – drums Marek Wójcicki – guitar Kazimierz Barlasz – vocals Jacek Olejnik – keyboards Bogdan Łoś – guitar Joanna Rosińska – vocals Discography Albums Nadzieje, niepokoje, (recorded 1977, released 2006 in the box The Most Beautiful Dream. Anthology 1977–1985) The Most Beautiful Day (1980) Supernova (1981) Singles Collection (1992) Najpiękniejszy dzień (2000) Hazard (recorded 1983, released 2006 in the box The Most Beautiful Dream. Anthology 1977–1985) Singles Uspokojenie wieczorne/To co pamiętam Niedokończony sen/Dotyk szczęścia Ostatni teatrzyk objazdowy Spróbuj wznieść się wyżej/Jest taki dom Jestem automatem/Najdłuższy lot (1982) Kosmiczny ojcze/Ta frajda (1985) References https://books.google.com/books?id=F3HTHpikwq4C&dq=Polish+band+Exodus&pg=PA241 Polish progressive rock groups Symphonic rock groups Musical groups established in 1976 Musical groups disestablished in 1985
[ "Ex", "od", "us", "was", "a", "Polish", "sym", "ph", "onic", "rock", "band", ",", "active", "1976", "–", "1985", ".", "Ex", "od", "us", "was", "one", "of", "the", "leading", "progress", "ive", "rock", "band", "s", "(", "sometimes", "described", "as", "\"", "art", "-", "rock", "\")", "in", "Polish", "rock", "in", "late", "1970s", "and", "early", "1980s", ".", "Members", "P", "ast", "members", "An", "dr", "ze", "j", "P", "uc", "zy", "ń", "ski", "–", "guitar", "W", "o", "j", "c", "ie", "ch", "P", "uc", "zy", "ń", "ski", "–", "bass", "guitar", "W", "ł", "ad", "ys", "ł", "aw", "K", "om", "end", "are", "k", "–", "key", "bo", "ards", "P", "aw", "e", "ł", "Bir", "ula", "–", "vocals", ",", "12", "-", "str", "ing", "guitar", "Z", "b", "ign", "iew", "F", "y", "k", "–", "drums", "M", "are", "k", "W", "ó", "j", "c", "ick", "i", "–", "guitar", "K", "az", "im", "ier", "z", "Bar", "l", "as", "z", "–", "vocals", "J", "ace", "k", "O", "le", "j", "n", "ik", "–", "key", "bo", "ards", "B", "og", "d", "an", "Ł", "o", "ś", "–", "guitar", "Jo", "anna", "Ros", "i", "ń", "sk", "a", "–", "vocals", "Dis", "co", "graphy", "Album", "s", "N", "ad", "z", "ie", "je", ",", "nie", "p", "ok", "o", "je", ",", "(", "recorded", "1977", ",", "released", "2006", "in", "the", "box", "The", "Most", "Be", "aut", "if", "ul", "Dream", ".", "Anth", "ology", "1977", "–", "1985", ")", "The", "Most", "Be", "aut", "if", "ul", "Day", "(", "1980", ")", "Super", "nov", "a", "(", "1981", ")", "Sing", "les", "Col", "lection", "(", "1992", ")", "N", "aj", "p", "i", "ę", "kn", "ie", "j", "s", "zy", "d", "z", "ie", "ń", "(", "2000", ")", "H", "az", "ard", "(", "recorded", "1983", ",", "released", "2006", "in", "the", "box", "The", "Most", "Be", "aut", "if", "ul", "Dream", ".", "Anth", "ology", "1977", "–", "1985", ")", "Sing", "les", "U", "sp", "ok", "o", "j", "en", "ie", "w", "ie", "c", "z", "or", "ne", "/", "To", "co", "p", "ami", "ę", "t", "am", "N", "ied", "ok", "o", "ń", "c", "z", "ony", "sen", "/", "D", "ot", "y", "k", "s", "z", "c", "z", "ę", "ś", "c", "ia", "O", "stat", "ni", "te", "at", "r", "zy", "k", "ob", "j", "az", "d", "ow", "y", "S", "pr", "ó", "bu", "j", "w", "z", "nie", "ś", "ć", "s", "i", "ę", "w", "y", "ż", "e", "j", "/", "J", "est", "t", "aki", "dom", "J", "est", "em", "autom", "at", "em", "/", "N", "aj", "d", "ł", "u", "ż", "s", "zy", "lot", "(", "1982", ")", "K", "os", "mic", "z", "ny", "o", "j", "c", "ze", "/", "Ta", "fr", "aj", "da", "(", "1985", ")", "References", "htt", "ps", "://", "books", ".", "go", "og", "le", ".", "com", "/", "books", "?", "id", "=", "F", "3", "H", "T", "H", "p", "ik", "w", "q", "4", "C", "&", "d", "q", "=", "Polish", "+", "band", "+", "Ex", "od", "us", "&", "p", "g", "=", "PA", "24", "1", "Polish", "progress", "ive", "rock", "groups", "Sy", "mph", "onic", "rock", "groups", "Mus", "ical", "groups", "established", "in", "1976", "Mus", "ical", "groups", "dis", "established", "in", "1985" ]
[ 24889, 24694, 24640, 24625, 69, 27805, 28094, 24844, 29602, 26516, 25374, 16, 26764, 27109, 4992, 26849, 18, 24889, 24694, 24640, 24625, 24748, 24595, 24585, 27000, 28890, 24723, 26516, 25374, 87, 12, 27890, 25896, 24594, 6, 24673, 17, 26516, 27687, 24581, 27805, 26516, 24581, 26075, 28367, 24596, 25551, 28210, 18, 27585, 52, 24745, 25622, 24800, 24815, 25852, 78, 52, 24965, 27953, 291, 27392, 4992, 26682, 59, 83, 78, 71, 24716, 24610, 52, 24965, 27953, 291, 27392, 4992, 27165, 26682, 59, 289, 24614, 25312, 289, 24766, 47, 24605, 24725, 24686, 79, 4992, 25597, 24807, 25598, 52, 24766, 73, 289, 28019, 26737, 4992, 27184, 16, 25074, 17, 24740, 24599, 26682, 62, 70, 24761, 25235, 42, 93, 79, 4992, 29481, 49, 24686, 79, 59, 210, 78, 71, 24958, 77, 4992, 26682, 47, 25022, 24634, 25092, 94, 25497, 80, 24594, 94, 4992, 27184, 46, 24852, 79, 51, 24604, 78, 82, 25054, 4992, 25597, 24807, 25598, 38, 24776, 72, 24583, 288, 83, 314, 4992, 26682, 24934, 29521, 27341, 77, 291, 25252, 69, 4992, 27184, 26276, 24869, 25485, 28343, 87, 50, 24614, 94, 24716, 25122, 16, 29946, 84, 24834, 83, 25122, 16, 12, 26507, 27170, 16, 25385, 25562, 24581, 24585, 26938, 24627, 27286, 25133, 26505, 24692, 24649, 29997, 18, 28789, 25427, 27170, 4992, 26849, 13, 24627, 27286, 25133, 26505, 24692, 24649, 26871, 12, 26890, 13, 26497, 25972, 69, 12, 27073, 13, 26215, 24928, 24997, 26155, 12, 26362, 13, 50, 25075, 84, 77, 248, 25007, 24716, 78, 87, 27953, 72, 94, 24716, 291, 12, 25807, 13, 44, 25022, 24695, 12, 26507, 26932, 16, 25385, 25562, 24581, 24585, 26938, 24627, 27286, 25133, 26505, 24692, 24649, 29997, 18, 28789, 25427, 27170, 4992, 26849, 13, 26215, 24928, 57, 24878, 24834, 83, 78, 24587, 24716, 91, 24716, 71, 94, 24586, 24687, 19, 26071, 24869, 84, 29236, 248, 88, 24611, 50, 24837, 24834, 83, 291, 71, 94, 25580, 25948, 19, 40, 24643, 93, 79, 87, 94, 71, 94, 248, 314, 71, 24677, 51, 25981, 28721, 24680, 24590, 86, 27953, 79, 24870, 78, 25022, 72, 24639, 93, 55, 24666, 210, 27803, 78, 91, 94, 29946, 314, 230, 87, 77, 248, 91, 93, 347, 73, 78, 19, 46, 24655, 88, 29152, 25784, 46, 24655, 24635, 28922, 24590, 24635, 19, 50, 25075, 72, 289, 89, 347, 87, 27953, 28056, 12, 26979, 13, 47, 24674, 27635, 94, 27091, 83, 78, 71, 25852, 19, 29884, 24653, 25075, 26963, 12, 26849, 13, 24838, 28760, 25909, 28765, 26816, 18, 25192, 24776, 24604, 18, 24665, 19, 26816, 35, 24630, 33, 42, 23, 44, 56, 44, 84, 25054, 91, 85, 24, 39, 10, 72, 85, 33, 27805, 15, 25374, 15, 24889, 24694, 24640, 10, 84, 75, 33, 28594, 25384, 21, 27805, 28890, 24723, 26516, 26572, 25558, 29655, 29602, 26516, 26572, 26583, 24757, 26572, 25572, 24581, 27109, 26583, 24757, 26572, 24913, 25572, 24581, 26849 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
44357502
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acleris%20aestuosa
Acleris aestuosa
Acleris aestuosa is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Japan (Shikoku). The wingspan is 18–21 mm. The larvae feed on Fagus crenata. References Moths described in 1965 aestuosa Moths of Japan
[ "A", "cl", "er", "is", "a", "est", "u", "os", "a", "is", "a", "species", "of", "m", "oth", "of", "the", "family", "Tor", "tr", "ic", "idae", ".", "It", "is", "found", "in", "Japan", "(", "Sh", "ik", "ok", "u", ").", "The", "wing", "span", "is", "18", "–", "21", "mm", ".", "The", "lar", "v", "ae", "fe", "ed", "on", "F", "ag", "us", "cr", "en", "ata", ".", "References", "Mo", "ths", "described", "in", "1965", "a", "est", "u", "os", "a", "Mo", "ths", "of", "Japan" ]
[ 37, 24691, 24582, 24593, 69, 24655, 89, 24674, 69, 24593, 69, 25752, 24595, 81, 25584, 24595, 24585, 25334, 26621, 24664, 24597, 26724, 18, 24805, 24593, 25096, 24581, 25514, 12, 24950, 25054, 24834, 89, 24874, 24627, 27467, 27589, 24593, 24722, 4992, 25004, 28405, 18, 24627, 25791, 90, 25299, 24828, 24588, 24584, 42, 24638, 24640, 24810, 24587, 25591, 18, 24838, 25721, 25136, 25896, 24581, 27495, 69, 24655, 89, 24674, 69, 25721, 25136, 24595, 25514 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
73498043
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%20Wimbledon%20Championships
2023 Wimbledon Championships
The 2023 Wimbledon Championships was a Grand Slam tennis tournament that took place at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. Tournament The tournament was played on grass courts, with all main draw matches played at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, Wimbledon, from 3 to 16 July 2023. Qualifying matches were played from 26 to 29 June 2023 at the Bank of England Sports Ground in Roehampton. The 2023 Championships was the 136th edition, the 129th staging of the Ladies’ Singles Championship event, the 55th in the Open Era and the third Grand Slam tournament of the year. The tournament was run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and included in the 2023 ATP Tour and the 2023 WTA Tour calendars under the Grand Slam category, as well as the 2023 ITF tours for junior and wheelchair competitions respectively. The tournament consisted of men's (singles and doubles), women's (singles and doubles), mixed doubles, boys' (under 18 – singles and doubles, under 14 – singles), girls' (under 18 – singles and doubles, under 14 – singles), which are a part of the Grade A category of tournaments for under 18, and singles & doubles events for men's and women's wheelchair tennis players. This edition features gentlemen's and ladies' invitational doubles competitions and the mixed invitational double draw introduced in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships. The men's doubles competition was changed from best of five sets to best of three sets for all matches. This was the tournament's second edition with a scheduled order of play on the first Sunday during the event, dubbed "Middle Sunday". Prior to the 2022 edition, the tournament had seen only four exceptions to the tradition of withholding competition on Middle Sunday to accommodate delayed matches during championships that were heavily disrupted by rain. The tournament saw the return of Russian and Belarusian tennis players, after they were banned from the previous edition due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Special events In addition to the tournament taking place, Swiss former tennis player Roger Federer was honoured two decades since he won the tournament for the first time in 2003. Singles players Gentlemen's singles Ladies' singles Events Gentlemen's singles Carlos Alcaraz def. Novak Djokovic 1–6, 7–6(8–6), 6–1, 3–6, 6–4 Ladies' singles Markéta Vondroušová def. Ons Jabeur, 6–4, 6–4 Gentlemen's doubles Wesley Koolhof / Neal Skupski def. Marcel Granollers / Horacio Zeballos, 6–4, 6–4 Ladies' doubles Hsieh Su-wei / Barbora Strýcová def. Storm Hunter / Elise Mertens, 7–5, 6–4 Mixed doubles Mate Pavić / Lyudmyla Kichenok def. Joran Vliegen / Xu Yifan, 6–4, 6–7(9–11), 6–3 Wheelchair gentlemen's singles Tokito Oda def. Alfie Hewett, 6–4, 6–2 Wheelchair ladies' singles Diede de Groot def. Jiske Griffioen, 6–2, 6–1 Wheelchair quad singles Niels Vink def. Heath Davidson, 6–1, 6–2 Wheelchair gentlemen's doubles Alfie Hewett / Gordon Reid def. Takuya Miki / Tokito Oda, 3–6, 6–0, 6–3 Wheelchair ladies' doubles Diede de Groot / Jiske Griffioen def. Yui Kamiji / Kgothatso Montjane, 6–1, 6–4 Wheelchair quad doubles Sam Schröder / Niels Vink def. Heath Davidson / Robert Shaw, 7–6(7–5), 6–0 Boys' singles Henry Searle def. Yaroslav Demin, 6–4, 6–4 Girls' singles Clervie Ngounoue def. Nikola Bartůňková, 6–2, 6–2 Boys' doubles Jakub Filip / Gabriele Vulpitta def. Branko Đurić / Arthur Gea, 6–3, 6–3 Girls' doubles Alena Kovačková / Laura Samsonová def. Hannah Klugman / Isabelle Lacy, 6–4, 7–5 Boys' 14&U singles Mark Ceban def. Svit Suljić, 7–6(7–5), 6–3 Girls' 14&U singles Luna Vujović def. Hollie Smart, 6–3, 6–1 Gentlemen's invitation doubles Bob Bryan / Mike Bryan def. James Blake / Lleyton Hewitt, 6–4, 3–6, [10–6] Ladies' invitation doubles Kim Clijsters / Martina Hingis def. Cara Black / Caroline Wozniacki, 6–1, 7–5 Mixed invitation doubles Nenad Zimonjić / Rennae Stubbs def. Greg Rusedski / Conchita Martínez, 6–2, 6–2 Point and prize money distribution Point distribution Below is the tables with the point distribution for each phase of the tournament. Senior points Wheelchair points Junior points Prize money The Wimbledon Championships total prize money for 2023 is £44,700,000, an increase of 10.78% from the 2022 edition. *per team References External links Wimbledon Championships Wimbledon Championships Wimbledon Championships Wimbledon Championships Wimbledon Championships Wimbledon Championships
[ "The", "2023", "W", "imb", "led", "on", "Championships", "was", "a", "Grand", "Sl", "am", "ten", "nis", "tournament", "that", "took", "place", "at", "the", "All", "England", "Law", "n", "Tenn", "is", "and", "Cro", "qu", "et", "Club", "in", "W", "imb", "led", "on", ",", "London", ",", "United", "Kingdom", ".", "Tour", "nam", "ent", "The", "tournament", "was", "played", "on", "gr", "ass", "cour", "ts", ",", "with", "all", "main", "draw", "matches", "played", "at", "the", "All", "England", "Law", "n", "Tenn", "is", "and", "Cro", "qu", "et", "Club", ",", "W", "imb", "led", "on", ",", "from", "3", "to", "16", "July", "2023", ".", "Q", "ual", "ifying", "matches", "were", "played", "from", "26", "to", "29", "June", "2023", "at", "the", "Bank", "of", "England", "Sports", "Gr", "ound", "in", "Ro", "e", "h", "amp", "ton", ".", "The", "2023", "Championships", "was", "the", "13", "6th", "edition", ",", "the", "12", "9", "th", "st", "aging", "of", "the", "L", "ad", "ies", "’", "Sing", "les", "Championship", "event", ",", "the", "55", "th", "in", "the", "Open", "E", "ra", "and", "the", "third", "Grand", "Sl", "am", "tournament", "of", "the", "year", ".", "The", "tournament", "was", "run", "by", "the", "International", "Tenn", "is", "Federation", "(", "IT", "F", ")", "and", "included", "in", "the", "2023", "AT", "P", "Tour", "and", "the", "2023", "W", "TA", "Tour", "cal", "end", "ars", "under", "the", "Grand", "Sl", "am", "categ", "ory", ",", "as", "well", "as", "the", "2023", "IT", "F", "tour", "s", "for", "jun", "ior", "and", "whe", "el", "chair", "compet", "itions", "respectively", ".", "The", "tournament", "consist", "ed", "of", "men", "'", "s", "(", "singles", "and", "dou", "bles", "),", "women", "'", "s", "(", "singles", "and", "dou", "bles", "),", "mixed", "dou", "bles", ",", "boys", "'", "(", "under", "18", "–", "singles", "and", "dou", "bles", ",", "under", "14", "–", "singles", "),", "girl", "s", "'", "(", "under", "18", "–", "singles", "and", "dou", "bles", ",", "under", "14", "–", "singles", "),", "which", "are", "a", "part", "of", "the", "Gr", "ade", "A", "categ", "ory", "of", "tourn", "am", "ents", "for", "under", "18", ",", "and", "singles", "&", "dou", "bles", "events", "for", "men", "'", "s", "and", "women", "'", "s", "whe", "el", "chair", "ten", "nis", "players", ".", "This", "edition", "features", "gent", "le", "men", "'", "s", "and", "lad", "ies", "'", "inv", "it", "ational", "dou", "bles", "compet", "itions", "and", "the", "mixed", "inv", "it", "ational", "double", "draw", "introduced", "in", "the", "2022", "W", "imb", "led", "on", "Championships", ".", "The", "men", "'", "s", "dou", "bles", "competition", "was", "changed", "from", "best", "of", "five", "sets", "to", "best", "of", "three", "sets", "for", "all", "matches", ".", "This", "was", "the", "tournament", "'", "s", "second", "edition", "with", "a", "sched", "uled", "order", "of", "play", "on", "the", "first", "Sun", "day", "during", "the", "event", ",", "d", "ub", "bed", "\"", "Middle", "Sun", "day", "\".", "Pr", "ior", "to", "the", "2022", "edition", ",", "the", "tournament", "had", "seen", "only", "four", "except", "ions", "to", "the", "tradition", "of", "with", "hold", "ing", "competition", "on", "Middle", "Sun", "day", "to", "ac", "comm", "od", "ate", "del", "ayed", "matches", "during", "championship", "s", "that", "were", "he", "av", "ily", "dis", "rup", "ted", "by", "rain", ".", "The", "tournament", "saw", "the", "return", "of", "Russian", "and", "Bel", "ar", "us", "ian", "ten", "nis", "players", ",", "after", "they", "were", "b", "ann", "ed", "from", "the", "previous", "edition", "due", "to", "the", "Russian", "inv", "asion", "of", "Ukraine", ".", "Special", "events", "In", "addition", "to", "the", "tournament", "taking", "place", ",", "Swiss", "former", "ten", "nis", "player", "Rog", "er", "F", "eder", "er", "was", "hon", "our", "ed", "two", "dec", "ades", "since", "he", "won", "the", "tournament", "for", "the", "first", "time", "in", "2003", ".", "Sing", "les", "players", "G", "ent", "le", "men", "'", "s", "singles", "L", "ad", "ies", "'", "singles", "Ev", "ents", "G", "ent", "le", "men", "'", "s", "singles", "Car", "los", "Al", "car", "az", "def", ".", "Nov", "ak", "D", "j", "ok", "ov", "ic", "1", "–", "6", ",", "7", "–", "6", "(", "8", "–", "6", "),", "6", "–", "1", ",", "3", "–", "6", ",", "6", "–", "4", "L", "ad", "ies", "'", "singles", "Mark", "é", "ta", "V", "on", "dr", "ou", "š", "ov", "á", "def", ".", "On", "s", "J", "abe", "ur", ",", "6", "–", "4", ",", "6", "–", "4", "G", "ent", "le", "men", "'", "s", "dou", "bles", "W", "es", "ley", "Ko", "ol", "h", "of", "/", "Ne", "al", "Sk", "up", "ski", "def", ".", "Mar", "cel", "G", "ran", "oll", "ers", "/", "Hor", "ac", "io", "Ze", "ball", "os", ",", "6", "–", "4", ",", "6", "–", "4", "L", "ad", "ies", "'", "dou", "bles", "H", "s", "ie", "h", "Su", "-", "we", "i", "/", "Bar", "bor", "a", "Str", "ý", "c", "ov", "á", "def", ".", "St", "or", "m", "Hun", "ter", "/", "El", "ise", "Mer", "t", "ens", ",", "7", "–", "5", ",", "6", "–", "4", "M", "ix", "ed", "dou", "bles", "M", "ate", "P", "av", "ić", "/", "Ly", "ud", "my", "la", "K", "ich", "en", "ok", "def", ".", "J", "or", "an", "V", "lie", "gen", "/", "X", "u", "Y", "if", "an", ",", "6", "–", "4", ",", "6", "–", "7", "(", "9", "–", "11", "),", "6", "–", "3", "W", "he", "el", "chair", "gent", "le", "men", "'", "s", "singles", "Tok", "it", "o", "O", "da", "def", ".", "Al", "f", "ie", "He", "w", "ett", ",", "6", "–", "4", ",", "6", "–", "2", "W", "he", "el", "chair", "lad", "ies", "'", "singles", "D", "ied", "e", "de", "Gro", "ot", "def", ".", "J", "is", "ke", "Gr", "iff", "io", "en", ",", "6", "–", "2", ",", "6", "–", "1", "W", "he", "el", "chair", "quad", "singles", "N", "iel", "s", "V", "ink", "def", ".", "He", "ath", "David", "son", ",", "6", "–", "1", ",", "6", "–", "2", "W", "he", "el", "chair", "gent", "le", "men", "'", "s", "dou", "bles", "Al", "f", "ie", "He", "w", "ett", "/", "Gord", "on", "Re", "id", "def", ".", "T", "ak", "u", "ya", "M", "ik", "i", "/", "Tok", "it", "o", "O", "da", ",", "3", "–", "6", ",", "6", "–", "0", ",", "6", "–", "3", "W", "he", "el", "chair", "lad", "ies", "'", "dou", "bles", "D", "ied", "e", "de", "Gro", "ot", "/", "J", "is", "ke", "Gr", "iff", "io", "en", "def", ".", "Y", "u", "i", "Kam", "ij", "i", "/", "K", "go", "that", "so", "Mont", "j", "ane", ",", "6", "–", "1", ",", "6", "–", "4", "W", "he", "el", "chair", "quad", "dou", "bles", "Sam", "Sch", "r", "ö", "der", "/", "N", "iel", "s", "V", "ink", "def", ".", "He", "ath", "David", "son", "/", "Robert", "Sh", "aw", ",", "7", "–", "6", "(", "7", "–", "5", "),", "6", "–", "0", "Boy", "s", "'", "singles", "Henry", "S", "ear", "le", "def", ".", "Y", "ar", "os", "lav", "Dem", "in", ",", "6", "–", "4", ",", "6", "–", "4", "Girl", "s", "'", "singles", "Cl", "er", "v", "ie", "N", "g", "oun", "ou", "e", "def", ".", "Nik", "ola", "B", "art", "ů", "ň", "k", "ov", "á", ",", "6", "–", "2", ",", "6", "–", "2", "Boy", "s", "'", "dou", "bles", "J", "ak", "ub", "F", "il", "ip", "/", "G", "abr", "ie", "le", "V", "ul", "p", "itt", "a", "def", ".", "B", "ran", "ko", "Đ", "ur", "ić", "/", "Arthur", "Ge", "a", ",", "6", "–", "3", ",", "6", "–", "3", "Girl", "s", "'", "dou", "bles", "Al", "ena", "K", "ova", "č", "k", "ov", "á", "/", "La", "ura", "Sam", "son", "ov", "á", "def", ".", "H", "ann", "ah", "K", "l", "ug", "man", "/", "Is", "ab", "el", "le", "L", "acy", ",", "6", "–", "4", ",", "7", "–", "5", "Boy", "s", "'", "14", "&", "U", "singles", "Mark", "C", "e", "ban", "def", ".", "S", "v", "it", "S", "ul", "j", "ić", ",", "7", "–", "6", "(", "7", "–", "5", "),", "6", "–", "3", "Girl", "s", "'", "14", "&", "U", "singles", "L", "una", "V", "u", "j", "ov", "ić", "def", ".", "H", "oll", "ie", "Sm", "art", ",", "6", "–", "3", ",", "6", "–", "1", "G", "ent", "le", "men", "'", "s", "inv", "itation", "dou", "bles", "Bob", "Br", "yan", "/", "Mike", "Br", "yan", "def", ".", "James", "Bl", "ake", "/", "L", "ley", "ton", "He", "w", "itt", ",", "6", "–", "4", ",", "3", "–", "6", ",", "[", "10", "–", "6", "]", "L", "ad", "ies", "'", "inv", "itation", "dou", "bles", "Kim", "C", "li", "j", "st", "ers", "/", "Mart", "ina", "H", "ing", "is", "def", ".", "Car", "a", "Black", "/", "Carol", "ine", "W", "o", "z", "ni", "ack", "i", ",", "6", "–", "1", ",", "7", "–", "5", "M", "ix", "ed", "inv", "itation", "dou", "bles", "N", "en", "ad", "Z", "im", "on", "j", "ić", "/", "R", "enn", "ae", "St", "ub", "bs", "def", ".", "Greg", "R", "used", "ski", "/", "Con", "ch", "ita", "Mart", "í", "ne", "z", ",", "6", "–", "2", ",", "6", "–", "2", "Point", "and", "pr", "ize", "money", "distribution", "Point", "distribution", "Bel", "ow", "is", "the", "t", "ables", "with", "the", "point", "distribution", "for", "each", "phas", "e", "of", "the", "tournament", ".", "Senior", "points", "W", "he", "el", "chair", "points", "Junior", "points", "Prize", "money", "The", "W", "imb", "led", "on", "Championships", "total", "pr", "ize", "money", "for", "2023", "is", "£", "44", ",", "7", "00", ",", "000", ",", "an", "increase", "of", "10", ".", "78", "%", "from", "the", "2022", "edition", ".", "*", "per", "team", "References", "External", "links", "W", "imb", "led", "on", "Championships", "W", "imb", "led", "on", "Championships", "W", "imb", "led", "on", "Championships", "W", "imb", "led", "on", "Championships", "W", "imb", "led", "on", "Championships", "W", "imb", "led", "on", "Championships" ]
[ 24627, 26435, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 26962, 24625, 69, 26458, 26499, 24611, 25026, 28943, 27048, 24682, 25676, 25468, 24590, 24585, 25361, 25921, 26347, 82, 28081, 24593, 24596, 27838, 24715, 24645, 26188, 24581, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 16, 25712, 16, 24994, 26514, 18, 26563, 25225, 24609, 24627, 27048, 24625, 25350, 24584, 24699, 24732, 25524, 24704, 16, 24651, 24663, 25039, 26387, 27752, 25350, 24590, 24585, 25361, 25921, 26347, 82, 28081, 24593, 24596, 27838, 24715, 24645, 26188, 16, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 16, 24672, 23, 24601, 25009, 25363, 26435, 18, 53, 25132, 28421, 27752, 24747, 25350, 24672, 25552, 24601, 25633, 25347, 26435, 24590, 24585, 27729, 24595, 25921, 26760, 25014, 24742, 24581, 25125, 73, 76, 24832, 24915, 18, 24627, 26435, 26962, 24625, 24585, 25143, 29756, 27492, 16, 24585, 25074, 29, 24580, 24606, 28565, 24595, 24585, 48, 24614, 24675, 4998, 26215, 24928, 25658, 25775, 16, 24585, 27600, 24580, 24581, 24585, 27656, 41, 24840, 24596, 24585, 25859, 26458, 26499, 24611, 27048, 24595, 24585, 24854, 18, 24627, 27048, 24625, 25399, 24647, 24585, 25731, 28081, 24593, 29478, 12, 28618, 42, 13, 24596, 25922, 24581, 24585, 26435, 28105, 52, 26563, 24596, 24585, 26435, 59, 29475, 26563, 26775, 24725, 25289, 25016, 24585, 26458, 26499, 24611, 28436, 24817, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 24585, 26435, 28618, 42, 26616, 87, 24618, 27631, 25233, 24596, 27143, 24613, 27309, 25574, 25876, 29268, 18, 24627, 27048, 27062, 24588, 24595, 25203, 11, 87, 12, 27548, 24596, 26987, 29566, 24758, 25522, 11, 87, 12, 27548, 24596, 26987, 29566, 24758, 29014, 26987, 29566, 16, 29941, 11, 12, 25016, 24722, 4992, 27548, 24596, 26987, 29566, 16, 25016, 25129, 4992, 27548, 24758, 27456, 87, 11, 12, 25016, 24722, 4992, 27548, 24596, 26987, 29566, 16, 25016, 25129, 4992, 27548, 24758, 24763, 24686, 69, 24791, 24595, 24585, 25014, 24899, 37, 28436, 24817, 24595, 26748, 24611, 24883, 24618, 25016, 24722, 16, 24596, 27548, 10, 26987, 29566, 26398, 24618, 25203, 11, 87, 24596, 25522, 11, 87, 27143, 24613, 27309, 25026, 28943, 25053, 18, 25111, 27492, 27054, 27131, 24604, 25203, 11, 87, 24596, 27680, 24675, 11, 25212, 24598, 24813, 26987, 29566, 25574, 25876, 24596, 24585, 29014, 25212, 24598, 24813, 28605, 26387, 27146, 24581, 24585, 25862, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 26962, 18, 24627, 25203, 11, 87, 26987, 29566, 27206, 24625, 27496, 24672, 26066, 24595, 25842, 28472, 24601, 26066, 24595, 25151, 28472, 24618, 24663, 27752, 18, 25111, 24625, 24585, 27048, 11, 87, 25179, 27492, 24651, 69, 28448, 29615, 25683, 24595, 24755, 24584, 24585, 24818, 26486, 25058, 25104, 24585, 25775, 16, 72, 24733, 27565, 6, 27964, 26486, 25058, 25157, 24891, 25233, 24601, 24585, 25862, 27492, 16, 24585, 27048, 24798, 27098, 25089, 25253, 28677, 24921, 24601, 24585, 26717, 24595, 24651, 25771, 24599, 27206, 24584, 27964, 26486, 25058, 24601, 24616, 24898, 24694, 24688, 25977, 27882, 27752, 25104, 27405, 87, 24682, 24747, 24607, 24668, 25038, 24913, 27552, 24826, 24647, 26219, 18, 24627, 27048, 26960, 24585, 25534, 24595, 26341, 24596, 25952, 24592, 24640, 24669, 25026, 28943, 25053, 16, 24942, 25002, 24747, 70, 24910, 24588, 24672, 24585, 26110, 27492, 25769, 24601, 24585, 26341, 25212, 29965, 24595, 29319, 18, 28174, 26398, 24657, 26012, 24601, 24585, 27048, 27621, 25468, 16, 29574, 25346, 25026, 28943, 25811, 28425, 24582, 42, 26223, 24582, 24625, 26260, 24714, 24588, 24907, 25438, 27345, 25570, 24607, 25400, 24585, 27048, 24618, 24585, 24818, 24978, 24581, 25877, 18, 26215, 24928, 25053, 43, 24609, 24604, 25203, 11, 87, 27548, 48, 24614, 24675, 11, 27548, 27156, 24883, 43, 24609, 24604, 25203, 11, 87, 27548, 25198, 27276, 24788, 25653, 25022, 25808, 18, 25259, 24700, 40, 78, 24834, 24658, 24597, 21, 4992, 26, 16, 27, 4992, 26, 12, 28, 4992, 26, 24758, 26, 4992, 21, 16, 23, 4992, 26, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 48, 24614, 24675, 11, 27548, 26657, 200, 26191, 58, 24584, 24815, 24603, 320, 24658, 192, 25808, 18, 24964, 87, 46, 27654, 24615, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 43, 24609, 24604, 25203, 11, 87, 26987, 29566, 59, 24589, 25145, 27847, 24612, 76, 24595, 19, 25486, 24591, 26529, 24772, 27392, 25808, 18, 24829, 27378, 43, 24771, 24853, 24629, 19, 27673, 24616, 24860, 26261, 24861, 24674, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 48, 24614, 24675, 11, 26987, 29566, 44, 87, 24716, 76, 25689, 17, 24887, 77, 19, 25497, 25897, 69, 25963, 220, 71, 24658, 192, 25808, 18, 24709, 24586, 81, 28865, 24621, 19, 25421, 25279, 26415, 88, 24845, 16, 27, 4992, 25, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 49, 25012, 24588, 26987, 29566, 49, 24688, 52, 24668, 27724, 19, 28241, 24711, 25148, 25403, 47, 24708, 24587, 24834, 25808, 18, 46, 24586, 24583, 58, 27404, 24976, 19, 60, 89, 61, 24692, 24583, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 16, 26, 4992, 27, 12, 29, 4992, 25267, 24758, 26, 4992, 23, 59, 24607, 24613, 27309, 27131, 24604, 25203, 11, 87, 27548, 28554, 24598, 83, 51, 26963, 25808, 18, 24788, 74, 24716, 24736, 91, 26573, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 16, 26, 4992, 22, 59, 24607, 24613, 27309, 27680, 24675, 11, 27548, 40, 24837, 73, 24650, 29409, 24643, 25808, 18, 46, 24593, 24801, 25014, 26925, 24860, 24587, 16, 26, 4992, 22, 16, 26, 4992, 21, 59, 24607, 24613, 27309, 26452, 27548, 50, 25025, 87, 58, 26224, 25808, 18, 24736, 24851, 26148, 24951, 16, 26, 4992, 21, 16, 26, 4992, 22, 59, 24607, 24613, 27309, 27131, 24604, 25203, 11, 87, 26987, 29566, 24788, 74, 24716, 24736, 91, 26573, 19, 29757, 24584, 24693, 24630, 25808, 18, 56, 24700, 89, 26351, 49, 25054, 77, 19, 28554, 24598, 83, 51, 26963, 16, 23, 4992, 26, 16, 26, 4992, 20, 16, 26, 4992, 23, 59, 24607, 24613, 27309, 27680, 24675, 11, 26987, 29566, 40, 24837, 73, 24650, 29409, 24643, 19, 46, 24593, 24801, 25014, 26925, 24860, 24587, 25808, 18, 61, 89, 77, 29802, 26353, 77, 19, 47, 25192, 24682, 25165, 26803, 78, 25713, 16, 26, 4992, 21, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 59, 24607, 24613, 27309, 26452, 26987, 29566, 26333, 25790, 86, 213, 24795, 19, 50, 25025, 87, 58, 26224, 25808, 18, 24736, 24851, 26148, 24951, 19, 26374, 24950, 24766, 16, 27, 4992, 26, 12, 27, 4992, 25, 24758, 26, 4992, 20, 27376, 87, 11, 27548, 26841, 55, 24717, 24604, 25808, 18, 61, 24592, 24674, 28289, 25961, 24581, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 28299, 87, 11, 27548, 25046, 24582, 90, 24716, 50, 75, 24661, 24603, 73, 25808, 18, 29739, 27002, 38, 24673, 334, 295, 79, 24658, 192, 16, 26, 4992, 22, 16, 26, 4992, 22, 27376, 87, 11, 26987, 29566, 46, 24700, 24733, 42, 24608, 24696, 19, 43, 29103, 24716, 24604, 58, 24649, 84, 25456, 69, 25808, 18, 38, 24771, 27587, 239, 24615, 27724, 19, 28687, 25223, 69, 16, 26, 4992, 23, 16, 26, 4992, 23, 28299, 87, 11, 26987, 29566, 24788, 26349, 47, 28900, 236, 79, 24658, 192, 19, 25760, 27088, 26333, 24951, 24658, 192, 25808, 18, 44, 24910, 24966, 47, 80, 24880, 24710, 19, 25134, 24662, 24613, 24604, 48, 26389, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 16, 27, 4992, 25, 27376, 87, 11, 25129, 10, 57, 27548, 26657, 39, 73, 25870, 25808, 18, 55, 90, 24598, 55, 24649, 78, 27724, 16, 27, 4992, 26, 12, 27, 4992, 25, 24758, 26, 4992, 23, 28299, 87, 11, 25129, 10, 57, 27548, 48, 28431, 58, 89, 78, 24658, 27724, 25808, 18, 44, 24853, 24716, 25995, 24673, 16, 26, 4992, 23, 16, 26, 4992, 21, 43, 24609, 24604, 25203, 11, 87, 25212, 28568, 26987, 29566, 27698, 24980, 27572, 19, 28725, 24980, 27572, 25808, 18, 26033, 25241, 25019, 19, 48, 25145, 24915, 24736, 91, 25456, 16, 26, 4992, 24, 16, 23, 4992, 26, 16, 63, 24975, 4992, 26, 65, 48, 24614, 24675, 11, 25212, 28568, 26987, 29566, 28796, 39, 24952, 78, 24606, 24629, 19, 26285, 25110, 44, 24599, 24593, 25808, 18, 25198, 69, 26258, 19, 26721, 24734, 59, 83, 94, 28721, 24765, 77, 16, 26, 4992, 21, 16, 27, 4992, 25, 49, 25012, 24588, 25212, 28568, 26987, 29566, 50, 24587, 24614, 62, 24634, 24584, 78, 27724, 19, 54, 25187, 25299, 24709, 24733, 27868, 25808, 18, 29005, 54, 25030, 27392, 19, 24924, 24610, 27028, 26285, 204, 24687, 94, 16, 26, 4992, 22, 16, 26, 4992, 22, 29803, 24596, 24666, 25662, 27907, 29565, 29803, 29565, 25952, 24639, 24593, 24585, 88, 28624, 24651, 24585, 25992, 29565, 24618, 25703, 29491, 73, 24595, 24585, 27048, 18, 29869, 26517, 59, 24607, 24613, 27309, 26517, 29096, 26517, 28596, 27907, 24627, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 26962, 26238, 24666, 25662, 27907, 24618, 26435, 24593, 130, 27173, 16, 27, 24799, 16, 25348, 16, 24583, 28539, 24595, 24975, 18, 28280, 9, 24672, 24585, 25862, 27492, 18, 14, 24726, 25036, 24838, 25065, 25051, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 26962, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 26962, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 26962, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 26962, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 26962, 59, 29308, 25121, 24584, 26962 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
43424888
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los%20inconformes
Los inconformes
Los inconformes, is a Mexican telenovela produced by Televisa and originally transmitted by Telesistema Mexicano. Cast Columba Domínguez Carlos Ancira Carlos Nieto Bertha Moss References External links Televisa telenovelas Spanish-language telenovelas 1968 telenovelas 1968 Mexican television series debuts 1968 Mexican television series endings
[ "Los", "in", "con", "form", "es", ",", "is", "a", "Mexican", "t", "el", "en", "ov", "ela", "produced", "by", "Tele", "vis", "a", "and", "originally", "trans", "mitted", "by", "Tel", "es", "ist", "em", "a", "Mexican", "o", ".", "Cast", "Columb", "a", "D", "om", "í", "n", "g", "ue", "z", "Car", "los", "An", "cir", "a", "Car", "los", "N", "ie", "to", "Ber", "th", "a", "M", "oss", "References", "External", "links", "Tele", "vis", "a", "t", "el", "en", "ov", "el", "as", "Spanish", "-", "language", "t", "el", "en", "ov", "el", "as", "1968", "t", "el", "en", "ov", "el", "as", "1968", "Mexican", "television", "series", "debut", "s", "1968", "Mexican", "television", "series", "end", "ings" ]
[ 26870, 24581, 24652, 24839, 24589, 16, 24593, 69, 28750, 88, 24613, 24587, 24658, 28350, 26073, 24647, 26823, 25423, 69, 24596, 26985, 25207, 28400, 24647, 29691, 24589, 24641, 24635, 69, 28750, 83, 18, 26502, 27746, 69, 40, 24605, 204, 82, 75, 24802, 94, 25198, 27276, 24800, 26778, 69, 25198, 27276, 50, 24716, 24601, 25845, 24580, 69, 49, 25646, 24838, 25065, 25051, 26823, 25423, 69, 88, 24613, 24587, 24658, 24613, 24594, 26617, 17, 25996, 88, 24613, 24587, 24658, 24613, 24594, 27178, 88, 24613, 24587, 24658, 24613, 24594, 27178, 28750, 25780, 25268, 26097, 87, 27178, 28750, 25780, 25268, 24725, 24939 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
23518318
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salgado%20River%20%28Sergipe%20River%20tributary%29
Salgado River (Sergipe River tributary)
The Salgado River is a river of Sergipe state in northeastern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Sergipe River. See also List of rivers of Sergipe References Brazilian Ministry of Transport Rivers of Sergipe
[ "The", "Sal", "g", "ado", "River", "is", "a", "river", "of", "Ser", "g", "ipe", "state", "in", "nor", "the", "astern", "Brazil", ".", "It", "is", "a", "tr", "ibut", "ary", "of", "the", "Ser", "g", "ipe", "River", ".", "See", "also", "List", "of", "r", "ivers", "of", "Ser", "g", "ipe", "References", "Brazilian", "Ministry", "of", "Transport", "R", "ivers", "of", "Ser", "g", "ipe" ]
[ 24627, 26200, 75, 26935, 25910, 24593, 69, 27483, 24595, 25321, 75, 29559, 25338, 24581, 25248, 24585, 26197, 26970, 18, 24805, 24593, 69, 24664, 26046, 24713, 24595, 24585, 25321, 75, 29559, 25910, 18, 25404, 24762, 25831, 24595, 86, 24877, 24595, 25321, 75, 29559, 24838, 29251, 28639, 24595, 28236, 54, 24877, 24595, 25321, 75, 29559 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
39822152
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir%20Gulevich
Vladimir Gulevich
Vladimir Sergeevich Gulevich (; 18 November 1867 – 6 September 1933) was a Russian Empire and Soviet biochemist who first isolated carnitine from mammalian muscle. Biography Gulevich graduated in 1890 and received the degree of doctor of medicine in 1896 from the department of medicine of Moscow State University. From 1899 to 1900 he was a professor at the University of Kharkov. From 1900, he joined the Moscow State University where he was rector for a brief period of time in 1919. Vladimir Sergeevich Gulevich was elected member of Leopoldina in 1928. He was a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences since 1929. References External links Biography (Russian) 1867 births 1933 deaths Biochemists from the Russian Empire Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences Professorships at the Imperial Moscow University Academic staff of Moscow State University Imperial Moscow University alumni Rectors of Moscow State University
[ "V", "lad", "im", "ir", "Ser", "ge", "ev", "ich", "Gu", "le", "v", "ich", "(;", "18", "November", "186", "7", "–", "6", "September", "1933", ")", "was", "a", "Russian", "Empire", "and", "Soviet", "bi", "oc", "hem", "ist", "who", "first", "is", "ol", "ated", "car", "n", "it", "ine", "from", "m", "am", "mal", "ian", "mus", "cle", ".", "Biography", "Gu", "le", "v", "ich", "graduated", "in", "189", "0", "and", "received", "the", "degree", "of", "do", "ctor", "of", "med", "icine", "in", "189", "6", "from", "the", "department", "of", "med", "icine", "of", "Moscow", "State", "University", ".", "From", "189", "9", "to", "1900", "he", "was", "a", "professor", "at", "the", "University", "of", "Kh", "ark", "ov", ".", "From", "1900", ",", "he", "joined", "the", "Moscow", "State", "University", "where", "he", "was", "re", "ctor", "for", "a", "brief", "period", "of", "time", "in", "1919", ".", "V", "lad", "im", "ir", "Ser", "ge", "ev", "ich", "Gu", "le", "v", "ich", "was", "elected", "member", "of", "Le", "op", "old", "ina", "in", "1928", ".", "He", "was", "a", "full", "member", "of", "the", "US", "SR", "Academy", "of", "Sciences", "since", "1929", ".", "References", "External", "links", "Biography", "(", "Russian", ")", "186", "7", "births", "1933", "deaths", "Bi", "oc", "hem", "ists", "from", "the", "Russian", "Empire", "F", "ull", "Members", "of", "the", "US", "SR", "Academy", "of", "Sciences", "Professor", "ships", "at", "the", "Im", "perial", "Moscow", "University", "Academ", "ic", "staff", "of", "Moscow", "State", "University", "Im", "perial", "Moscow", "University", "alumni", "Re", "ctors", "of", "Moscow", "State", "University" ]
[ 58, 27680, 24634, 24624, 25321, 24721, 24895, 24708, 25409, 24604, 90, 24708, 29723, 24722, 25406, 25802, 27, 4992, 26, 25322, 28752, 13, 24625, 69, 26341, 27498, 24596, 26955, 26381, 24670, 29416, 24641, 24831, 24818, 24593, 24612, 24712, 25653, 82, 24598, 24734, 24672, 81, 24611, 26986, 24669, 26770, 25741, 18, 28198, 25409, 24604, 90, 24708, 28599, 24581, 25529, 20, 24596, 25774, 24585, 27261, 24595, 25161, 25158, 24595, 24992, 28746, 24581, 25529, 26, 24672, 24585, 27956, 24595, 24992, 28746, 24595, 29506, 25461, 25015, 18, 26228, 25529, 29, 24601, 29007, 24607, 24625, 69, 28037, 24590, 24585, 25015, 24595, 28041, 24944, 24658, 18, 26228, 29007, 16, 24607, 26203, 24585, 29506, 25461, 25015, 25072, 24607, 24625, 24600, 25158, 24618, 69, 28671, 26000, 24595, 24978, 24581, 28656, 18, 58, 27680, 24634, 24624, 25321, 24721, 24895, 24708, 25409, 24604, 90, 24708, 24625, 26354, 25537, 24595, 24843, 24644, 24867, 25110, 24581, 28786, 18, 24736, 24625, 69, 26453, 25537, 24595, 24585, 25473, 28967, 26646, 24595, 29108, 25570, 28779, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 28198, 12, 26341, 13, 25802, 27, 25393, 28752, 25989, 28354, 24670, 29416, 25006, 24672, 24585, 26341, 27498, 42, 26028, 27585, 24595, 24585, 25473, 28967, 26646, 24595, 29108, 28851, 26705, 24590, 24585, 26541, 29039, 29506, 25015, 26140, 24597, 27225, 24595, 29506, 25461, 25015, 26541, 29039, 29506, 25015, 26527, 24693, 28748, 24595, 29506, 25461, 25015 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
5208046
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvid%20Andr%C3%A9n
Arvid Andrén
Arvid Andrén (10 February 1902 – 14 June 1999) was a Swedish art historian. He is most commonly associated with his publication Architectural Terracottas from Etrusco-Italic Temples (Lund: Gleerup. 1940) Biography Andrén was born at Trelleborg in Skåne, Sweden. Andrén was an associate professor at Lund University (1940–52) and Stockholm University (1953-68) receiving the title of professor in 1964. Andrén served as director of the Swedish Institute at Rome from 1948 to 1952 and 1964–1966. Andrén focused his work on decorative architectural terracotta sculpture from ancient Italy and Greece. He participated in several archaeological excavations in the Mediterranean world, including at Messenia in Greece (1933 and 1935), at Ardea (1952 and 1953) and at Blera (1965) in Italy. References Other sources Obituary "Arvid Andrén," Romhorisont 19 (1999) 14–5. Swedish archaeologists 1902 births 1999 deaths People from Scania 20th-century archaeologists Academic staff of Lund University Academic staff of Stockholm University
[ "Ar", "v", "id", "An", "dr", "é", "n", "(", "10", "February", "190", "2", "–", "14", "June", "1999", ")", "was", "a", "Swedish", "art", "histor", "ian", ".", "He", "is", "most", "commonly", "associated", "with", "his", "public", "ation", "Archite", "ct", "ural", "Ter", "rac", "ott", "as", "from", "E", "tr", "us", "co", "-", "Ital", "ic", "Tem", "ples", "(", "L", "und", ":", "G", "le", "er", "up", ".", "1940", ")", "Biography", "An", "dr", "é", "n", "was", "born", "at", "T", "rel", "le", "bor", "g", "in", "Sk", "å", "ne", ",", "Sweden", ".", "An", "dr", "é", "n", "was", "an", "associ", "ate", "professor", "at", "L", "und", "University", "(", "1940", "–", "52", ")", "and", "Stock", "hol", "m", "University", "(", "1953", "-", "68", ")", "rece", "iving", "the", "title", "of", "professor", "in", "1964", ".", "An", "dr", "é", "n", "served", "as", "director", "of", "the", "Swedish", "Institute", "at", "Rome", "from", "1948", "to", "1952", "and", "1964", "–", "1966", ".", "An", "dr", "é", "n", "foc", "used", "his", "work", "on", "dec", "or", "ative", "architect", "ural", "ter", "rac", "ott", "a", "sculpt", "ure", "from", "ancient", "Italy", "and", "Greece", ".", "He", "participated", "in", "several", "arch", "ae", "ological", "ex", "c", "av", "ations", "in", "the", "Med", "iter", "rane", "an", "world", ",", "including", "at", "M", "ess", "en", "ia", "in", "Greece", "(", "1933", "and", "1935", "),", "at", "Ar", "de", "a", "(", "1952", "and", "1953", ")", "and", "at", "Bl", "era", "(", "1965", ")", "in", "Italy", ".", "References", "Other", "sources", "O", "bit", "uary", "\"", "Ar", "v", "id", "An", "dr", "é", "n", ",\"", "Rom", "hor", "is", "ont", "19", "(", "1999", ")", "14", "–", "5", ".", "Swedish", "arch", "ae", "olog", "ists", "190", "2", "births", "1999", "deaths", "People", "from", "S", "can", "ia", "20th", "-", "century", "arch", "ae", "olog", "ists", "Academ", "ic", "staff", "of", "L", "und", "University", "Academ", "ic", "staff", "of", "Stock", "hol", "m", "University" ]
[ 24780, 90, 24630, 24800, 24815, 200, 82, 12, 24975, 25500, 25454, 22, 4992, 25129, 25347, 26082, 13, 24625, 69, 28165, 24673, 25982, 24669, 18, 24736, 24593, 25066, 29300, 27948, 24651, 24684, 25242, 24626, 29863, 24637, 25274, 26372, 26013, 25568, 24594, 24672, 41, 24664, 24640, 24869, 17, 25663, 24597, 28200, 26814, 12, 48, 25324, 30, 43, 24604, 24582, 24772, 18, 27932, 13, 28198, 24800, 24815, 200, 82, 24625, 25049, 24590, 56, 25050, 24604, 25897, 75, 24581, 26529, 196, 24687, 16, 28980, 18, 24800, 24815, 200, 82, 24625, 24583, 25973, 24688, 28037, 24590, 48, 25324, 25015, 12, 27932, 4992, 28774, 13, 24596, 29537, 26547, 81, 25015, 12, 28158, 17, 28950, 13, 25325, 25113, 24585, 26063, 24595, 28037, 24581, 27413, 18, 24800, 24815, 200, 82, 25612, 24594, 26319, 24595, 24585, 28165, 26634, 24590, 28832, 24672, 27854, 24601, 28022, 24596, 27413, 4992, 27515, 18, 24800, 24815, 200, 82, 26883, 25030, 24684, 24918, 24584, 25438, 24586, 25077, 28538, 25274, 24621, 26013, 25568, 69, 28869, 24794, 24672, 28970, 27086, 24596, 29811, 18, 24736, 28876, 24581, 25548, 25340, 25299, 26405, 24707, 71, 24668, 24833, 24581, 24585, 25536, 25898, 28939, 24583, 25750, 16, 25260, 24590, 49, 24676, 24587, 24677, 24581, 29811, 12, 28752, 24596, 28606, 24758, 24590, 24780, 24650, 69, 12, 28022, 24596, 28158, 13, 24596, 24590, 25241, 26268, 12, 27495, 13, 24581, 27086, 18, 24838, 26594, 29089, 51, 27529, 25005, 6, 24780, 90, 24630, 24800, 24815, 200, 82, 27037, 29211, 26623, 24593, 25349, 24617, 12, 26082, 13, 25129, 4992, 25, 18, 28165, 25340, 25299, 25029, 25006, 25454, 22, 25393, 26082, 25989, 25687, 24672, 55, 24995, 24677, 26025, 17, 25087, 25340, 25299, 25029, 25006, 26140, 24597, 27225, 24595, 48, 25324, 25015, 26140, 24597, 27225, 24595, 29537, 26547, 81, 25015 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
19518456
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount%20Raiden%20Volcanic%20Group
Mount Raiden Volcanic Group
Mount Raiden Volcanic Group is a volcanic group of active stratovolcanoes and lava domes situated in Hokkaidō, Japan. The volcanoes were active 1.4 million to 800,000 years ago. List of peaks References Volcanoes of Hokkaido Volcanism of Japan Volcanic groups
[ "Mount", "R", "aid", "en", "Vol", "can", "ic", "Group", "is", "a", "vol", "can", "ic", "group", "of", "active", "str", "at", "ov", "ol", "can", "oes", "and", "lav", "a", "dom", "es", "sit", "uated", "in", "H", "ok", "k", "aid", "ō", ",", "Japan", ".", "The", "vol", "can", "oes", "were", "active", "1", ".", "4", "million", "to", "8", "00", ",", "000", "years", "ago", ".", "List", "of", "peak", "s", "References", "Vol", "can", "oes", "of", "H", "ok", "k", "aid", "o", "Vol", "can", "ism", "of", "Japan", "Vol", "can", "ic", "groups" ]
[ 27396, 54, 25282, 24587, 26462, 24995, 24597, 26305, 24593, 69, 25561, 24995, 24597, 25273, 24595, 26764, 24740, 24590, 24658, 24612, 24995, 29305, 24596, 28289, 69, 25784, 24589, 26117, 28759, 24581, 44, 24834, 79, 25282, 300, 16, 25514, 18, 24627, 25561, 24995, 29305, 24747, 26764, 21, 18, 24, 26016, 24601, 28, 24799, 16, 25348, 25100, 26039, 18, 25831, 24595, 28601, 87, 24838, 26462, 24995, 29305, 24595, 44, 24834, 79, 25282, 83, 26462, 24995, 25284, 24595, 25514, 26462, 24995, 24597, 26572 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
37014372
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becca%20Tobin
Becca Tobin
Rebecca Grace Tobin (born January 18, 1986) is an American actress, singer, and dancer. She is known for her role as Kitty Wilde on the Fox musical comedy-drama series Glee. Early life Tobin grew up in Marietta, Georgia, the younger of two daughters. Both of her parents were attorneys. Her father is Jewish. Tobin's first acting performance was at age four, when she played a Christmas tree in her school's holiday pageant. For high school, Tobin was predominantly educated at Pebblebrook High School, but she transferred to Joseph Wheeler High School halfway through her senior year and was a victim of bullying as a result. Because of the bullying, Tobin did not walk at her graduation. She is an alumna of the American Musical and Dramatic Academy in New York City, from which she graduated in 2007. Career Tobin began her professional career on the stage in Houston, Texas, in a Theatre Under the Stars production of the musical Cats. She performed as Etcetera in the ensemble cast. The following year, she starred in the ensemble of the Theater Under the Stars' production of West Side Story, also in Houston. In 2008, Tobin performed in the ensemble of Paper Mill Playhouse's production of High School Musical on Stage! in New Jersey. From 2008 to 2009, she performed in the ensemble of Oklahoma! in Atlanta with the Theater of the Stars company. Tobin made her Broadway debut as a replacement for the role of Sherrie Christian and a swing for the musical Rock of Ages. In 2011, she toured with the Trans-Siberian Orchestra. From 2012 until its ending in 2015, Tobin portrayed cheerleader and glee club member Kitty Wilde in the Fox musical comedy-drama television series Glee. She made her first appearance as the character in the fourth season premiere episode "The New Rachel", and was a regular recurring cast member for throughout that season. She was upgraded to a main cast member for the series' fifth season. Kitty's debut received a mixed reception from critics, but opinions on the character soon changed. Several songs performed by Tobin as Kitty on the series have been released as singles available for digital download, and have also featured on the soundtrack albums. In 2014, Tobin guest starred in Lifetime's legal comedy-drama series Drop Dead Diva as Empress Katia in the episode "Afterlife". That same year, she appeared as Kimmee Kittson in the episode "Passing the Torch" of ABC Family's sitcom Mystery Girls. In 2015, Tobin guest starred as Blaze Talcott, a computer coder, in an episode of CBS' procedural action-drama series NCIS: Los Angeles titled "Blaze of Glory". Since December 2015, Tobin has co-hosted the female-centric podcast series "The Lady Gang" with Keltie Knight and Jac Vanek. In October 2018, Ladygang premiered as a talk show on the E! network. Personal life Tobin was in a relationship with nightclub entrepreneur Matt Bendik until his death on July 10, 2014. She became engaged to entrepreneur Zach Martin in May 2016. They married in a private ceremony, officiated by Tobin's Glee co-star Jane Lynch, in Jackson Hole, Wyoming on December 3, 2016. In May 2013, she appeared in an issue of Maxim. On February 22, 2022, Tobin announced on Instagram that she and her husband welcomed a son via surrogacy. Tobin and Martin were open about their fertility struggles and IVF journey prior to the arrival of their son. Filmography Stage Discography Awards and nominations References External links 1986 births 21st-century American actresses Actresses from Georgia (U.S. state) American female dancers Dancers from Georgia (U.S. state) American women singers American Musical and Dramatic Academy alumni American musical theatre actresses American women podcasters American podcasters American stage actresses American television actresses Living people People from Marietta, Georgia
[ "Re", "bec", "ca", "Gr", "ace", "T", "ob", "in", "(", "born", "January", "18", ",", "1986", ")", "is", "an", "American", "actress", ",", "singer", ",", "and", "d", "an", "cer", ".", "She", "is", "known", "for", "her", "role", "as", "K", "it", "ty", "Wil", "de", "on", "the", "Fox", "musical", "comedy", "-", "drama", "series", "G", "le", "e", ".", "Early", "life", "T", "ob", "in", "grew", "up", "in", "Mar", "iet", "ta", ",", "Georgia", ",", "the", "younger", "of", "two", "daugh", "ters", ".", "Both", "of", "her", "parents", "were", "att", "or", "ne", "ys", ".", "Her", "father", "is", "Jewish", ".", "T", "ob", "in", "'", "s", "first", "acting", "performance", "was", "at", "age", "four", ",", "when", "she", "played", "a", "Christmas", "tree", "in", "her", "school", "'", "s", "hol", "iday", "page", "ant", ".", "For", "high", "school", ",", "T", "ob", "in", "was", "pred", "omin", "ant", "ly", "educated", "at", "Pe", "b", "ble", "bro", "ok", "High", "School", ",", "but", "she", "transferred", "to", "Joseph", "W", "he", "el", "er", "High", "School", "half", "way", "through", "her", "senior", "year", "and", "was", "a", "vict", "im", "of", "bul", "lying", "as", "a", "result", ".", "Be", "cause", "of", "the", "bul", "lying", ",", "T", "ob", "in", "did", "not", "wal", "k", "at", "her", "gradu", "ation", ".", "She", "is", "an", "al", "umn", "a", "of", "the", "American", "Mus", "ical", "and", "Dr", "am", "atic", "Academy", "in", "New", "York", "City", ",", "from", "which", "she", "graduated", "in", "2007", ".", "Career", "T", "ob", "in", "began", "her", "professional", "career", "on", "the", "stage", "in", "Hou", "ston", ",", "Texas", ",", "in", "a", "Theatre", "Under", "the", "St", "ars", "production", "of", "the", "musical", "C", "ats", ".", "She", "performed", "as", "E", "t", "ce", "ter", "a", "in", "the", "en", "sem", "ble", "cast", ".", "The", "following", "year", ",", "she", "starr", "ed", "in", "the", "en", "sem", "ble", "of", "the", "The", "ater", "Under", "the", "St", "ars", "'", "production", "of", "West", "S", "ide", "St", "ory", ",", "also", "in", "Hou", "ston", ".", "In", "2008", ",", "T", "ob", "in", "performed", "in", "the", "en", "sem", "ble", "of", "P", "aper", "Mill", "Play", "house", "'", "s", "production", "of", "High", "School", "Mus", "ical", "on", "St", "age", "!", "in", "New", "Jersey", ".", "From", "2008", "to", "2009", ",", "she", "performed", "in", "the", "en", "sem", "ble", "of", "Oklahoma", "!", "in", "Atl", "anta", "with", "the", "The", "ater", "of", "the", "St", "ars", "company", ".", "T", "ob", "in", "made", "her", "Broad", "way", "debut", "as", "a", "replac", "ement", "for", "the", "role", "of", "Sher", "r", "ie", "Christian", "and", "a", "sw", "ing", "for", "the", "musical", "Rock", "of", "A", "ges", ".", "In", "2011", ",", "she", "to", "ured", "with", "the", "Trans", "-", "S", "iber", "ian", "Or", "chestra", ".", "From", "2012", "until", "its", "ending", "in", "2015", ",", "T", "ob", "in", "portr", "ayed", "che", "er", "leader", "and", "g", "le", "e", "club", "member", "K", "it", "ty", "Wil", "de", "in", "the", "Fox", "musical", "comedy", "-", "drama", "television", "series", "G", "le", "e", ".", "She", "made", "her", "first", "appearance", "as", "the", "character", "in", "the", "fourth", "season", "prem", "i", "ere", "episode", "\"", "The", "New", "Rac", "hel", "\",", "and", "was", "a", "regular", "re", "curr", "ing", "cast", "member", "for", "throughout", "that", "season", ".", "She", "was", "up", "grad", "ed", "to", "a", "main", "cast", "member", "for", "the", "series", "'", "fifth", "season", ".", "K", "it", "ty", "'", "s", "debut", "received", "a", "mixed", "rece", "ption", "from", "critics", ",", "but", "op", "in", "ions", "on", "the", "character", "soon", "changed", ".", "Se", "veral", "songs", "performed", "by", "T", "ob", "in", "as", "K", "it", "ty", "on", "the", "series", "have", "been", "released", "as", "singles", "available", "for", "digital", "down", "load", ",", "and", "have", "also", "featured", "on", "the", "sound", "track", "albums", ".", "In", "2014", ",", "T", "ob", "in", "gu", "est", "starr", "ed", "in", "L", "if", "et", "ime", "'", "s", "legal", "comedy", "-", "drama", "series", "D", "rop", "De", "ad", "Div", "a", "as", "Em", "press", "Kat", "ia", "in", "the", "episode", "\"", "After", "life", "\".", "That", "same", "year", ",", "she", "appeared", "as", "Kim", "me", "e", "K", "it", "ts", "on", "in", "the", "episode", "\"", "Pass", "ing", "the", "Tor", "ch", "\"", "of", "A", "BC", "Family", "'", "s", "sit", "com", "My", "st", "ery", "Girl", "s", ".", "In", "2015", ",", "T", "ob", "in", "gu", "est", "starr", "ed", "as", "Bl", "az", "e", "Tal", "c", "ott", ",", "a", "computer", "c", "od", "er", ",", "in", "an", "episode", "of", "C", "BS", "'", "pro", "ced", "ural", "action", "-", "drama", "series", "N", "C", "IS", ":", "Los", "Angeles", "titled", "\"", "Bl", "az", "e", "of", "Gl", "ory", "\".", "Since", "December", "2015", ",", "T", "ob", "in", "has", "co", "-", "hosted", "the", "female", "-", "cent", "ric", "p", "od", "cast", "series", "\"", "The", "Lady", "G", "ang", "\"", "with", "Kel", "t", "ie", "K", "night", "and", "Jac", "Van", "ek", ".", "In", "October", "2018", ",", "Lady", "g", "ang", "premier", "ed", "as", "a", "tal", "k", "show", "on", "the", "E", "!", "network", ".", "Personal", "life", "T", "ob", "in", "was", "in", "a", "relationship", "with", "night", "club", "ent", "re", "pr", "ene", "ur", "M", "att", "B", "end", "ik", "until", "his", "death", "on", "July", "10", ",", "2014", ".", "She", "became", "eng", "aged", "to", "ent", "re", "pr", "ene", "ur", "Z", "ach", "Martin", "in", "May", "2016", ".", "They", "married", "in", "a", "private", "cerem", "ony", ",", "offic", "i", "ated", "by", "T", "ob", "in", "'", "s", "G", "le", "e", "co", "-", "star", "Jane", "Lyn", "ch", ",", "in", "Jackson", "H", "ole", ",", "W", "y", "om", "ing", "on", "December", "3", ",", "2016", ".", "In", "May", "2013", ",", "she", "appeared", "in", "an", "issue", "of", "Max", "im", ".", "On", "February", "22", ",", "2022", ",", "T", "ob", "in", "announced", "on", "In", "st", "ag", "ram", "that", "she", "and", "her", "husband", "w", "el", "com", "ed", "a", "son", "via", "sur", "ro", "g", "acy", ".", "T", "ob", "in", "and", "Martin", "were", "open", "about", "their", "fer", "t", "ility", "strugg", "les", "and", "IV", "F", "j", "our", "ney", "prior", "to", "the", "arr", "ival", "of", "their", "son", ".", "Film", "ography", "St", "age", "Dis", "co", "graphy", "Awards", "and", "nomin", "ations", "References", "External", "links", "1986", "births", "21st", "-", "century", "American", "actress", "es", "Act", "r", "ess", "es", "from", "Georgia", "(", "U", ".", "S", ".", "state", ")", "American", "female", "d", "anc", "ers", "D", "anc", "ers", "from", "Georgia", "(", "U", ".", "S", ".", "state", ")", "American", "women", "sing", "ers", "American", "Mus", "ical", "and", "Dr", "am", "atic", "Academy", "alumni", "American", "musical", "theatre", "actress", "es", "American", "women", "p", "od", "cas", "ters", "American", "p", "od", "cas", "ters", "American", "stage", "actress", "es", "American", "television", "actress", "es", "Living", "people", "People", "from", "Mar", "iet", "ta", ",", "Georgia" ]
[ 24693, 24999, 25656, 25014, 24852, 56, 24870, 24581, 12, 25049, 25352, 24722, 16, 26801, 13, 24593, 24583, 24868, 27269, 16, 27041, 16, 24596, 72, 24583, 25040, 18, 25079, 24593, 25137, 24618, 24803, 26078, 24594, 47, 24598, 24819, 26049, 24650, 24584, 24585, 29382, 27740, 28065, 17, 27493, 25268, 43, 24604, 73, 18, 26580, 25372, 56, 24870, 24581, 29125, 24772, 24581, 24829, 25433, 26191, 16, 27935, 16, 24585, 29857, 24595, 24907, 26377, 24998, 18, 28586, 24595, 24803, 28224, 24747, 24866, 24586, 24687, 25312, 18, 25503, 25919, 24593, 27536, 18, 56, 24870, 24581, 11, 87, 24818, 28349, 26957, 24625, 24590, 24754, 25253, 16, 25091, 24971, 25350, 69, 29838, 29463, 24581, 24803, 25228, 11, 87, 26547, 29591, 27861, 24738, 18, 25056, 25153, 25228, 16, 56, 24870, 24581, 24625, 27516, 25538, 24738, 24633, 29518, 24590, 25061, 70, 25644, 25693, 24834, 25626, 25262, 16, 24835, 24971, 28717, 24601, 27294, 59, 24607, 24613, 24582, 25626, 25262, 26202, 24968, 25172, 24803, 27863, 24854, 24596, 24625, 69, 26532, 24634, 24595, 28268, 27679, 24594, 69, 26242, 18, 25133, 27400, 24595, 24585, 28268, 27679, 16, 56, 24870, 24581, 25671, 24809, 27676, 79, 24590, 24803, 26417, 24626, 18, 25079, 24593, 24583, 24591, 25818, 69, 24595, 24585, 24868, 26583, 24757, 24596, 25471, 24611, 25677, 26646, 24581, 24871, 25288, 25440, 16, 24672, 24763, 24971, 28599, 24581, 25557, 18, 27033, 56, 24870, 24581, 25623, 24803, 26350, 25513, 24584, 24585, 26756, 24581, 29431, 26427, 16, 26734, 16, 24581, 69, 28070, 27245, 24585, 24709, 25289, 26193, 24595, 24585, 27740, 39, 25729, 18, 25079, 26914, 24594, 41, 88, 24648, 24621, 69, 24581, 24585, 24587, 25796, 25644, 25688, 18, 24627, 25528, 24854, 16, 24971, 27987, 24588, 24581, 24585, 24587, 25796, 25644, 24595, 24585, 24627, 24836, 27245, 24585, 24709, 25289, 11, 26193, 24595, 25526, 55, 24814, 24709, 24817, 16, 24762, 24581, 29431, 26427, 18, 24657, 25505, 16, 56, 24870, 24581, 26914, 24581, 24585, 24587, 25796, 25644, 24595, 52, 26397, 26843, 26390, 25470, 11, 87, 26193, 24595, 25626, 25262, 26583, 24757, 24584, 24709, 24754, 5, 24581, 24871, 27961, 18, 26228, 25505, 24601, 25531, 16, 24971, 26914, 24581, 24585, 24587, 25796, 25644, 24595, 29929, 5, 24581, 26952, 27097, 24651, 24585, 24627, 24836, 24595, 24585, 24709, 25289, 25684, 18, 56, 24870, 24581, 25167, 24803, 28050, 24968, 26097, 24594, 69, 29299, 25138, 24618, 24585, 26078, 24595, 28798, 86, 24716, 26635, 24596, 69, 26106, 24599, 24618, 24585, 27740, 26977, 24595, 37, 26182, 18, 24657, 25476, 16, 24971, 24601, 25638, 24651, 24585, 26781, 17, 55, 29067, 24669, 25156, 28854, 18, 26228, 25512, 25359, 24783, 26303, 24581, 25611, 16, 56, 24870, 24581, 29493, 27882, 25697, 24582, 27406, 24596, 75, 24604, 73, 25559, 25537, 47, 24598, 24819, 26049, 24650, 24581, 24585, 29382, 27740, 28065, 17, 27493, 25780, 25268, 43, 24604, 73, 18, 25079, 25167, 24803, 24818, 27775, 24594, 24585, 26096, 24581, 24585, 27192, 25042, 27222, 77, 24671, 26840, 6, 24627, 24871, 28591, 25280, 25243, 24596, 24625, 69, 26861, 24600, 25733, 24599, 25688, 25537, 24618, 27181, 24682, 25042, 18, 25079, 24625, 24772, 25861, 24588, 24601, 69, 25039, 25688, 25537, 24618, 24585, 25268, 11, 28561, 25042, 18, 47, 24598, 24819, 11, 87, 26097, 25774, 69, 29014, 25325, 28082, 24672, 29914, 16, 24835, 24644, 24581, 24921, 24584, 24585, 26096, 27778, 27496, 18, 24779, 25452, 26384, 26914, 24647, 56, 24870, 24581, 24594, 47, 24598, 24819, 24584, 24585, 25268, 24920, 24948, 25385, 24594, 27548, 26926, 24618, 29405, 25581, 28276, 16, 24596, 24920, 24762, 27104, 24584, 24585, 27022, 26059, 26451, 18, 24657, 25590, 16, 56, 24870, 24581, 25309, 24655, 27987, 24588, 24581, 48, 24692, 24645, 24856, 11, 87, 27379, 28065, 17, 27493, 25268, 40, 25773, 24821, 24614, 29012, 69, 24594, 25971, 25415, 29645, 24677, 24581, 24585, 26840, 6, 25302, 25372, 25157, 27910, 25515, 24854, 16, 24971, 26530, 24594, 28796, 24885, 73, 47, 24598, 24704, 24584, 24581, 24585, 26840, 6, 29074, 24599, 24585, 26621, 24610, 6, 24595, 37, 25924, 28179, 11, 87, 26117, 24665, 26158, 24606, 25527, 28299, 87, 18, 24657, 25611, 16, 56, 24870, 24581, 25309, 24655, 27987, 24588, 24594, 25241, 25022, 73, 28253, 71, 25568, 16, 69, 28996, 71, 24694, 24582, 16, 24581, 24583, 26840, 24595, 39, 28040, 11, 24685, 24926, 25274, 26146, 17, 27493, 25268, 50, 39, 27155, 30, 26870, 27292, 28613, 6, 25241, 25022, 73, 24595, 25899, 24817, 25157, 27169, 25422, 25611, 16, 56, 24870, 24581, 24808, 24869, 17, 29075, 24585, 26889, 17, 24804, 25429, 84, 24694, 25688, 25268, 6, 24627, 28858, 43, 24822, 6, 24651, 29025, 88, 24716, 47, 26540, 24596, 29204, 28008, 25589, 18, 24657, 25336, 25625, 16, 28858, 75, 24822, 29795, 24588, 24594, 69, 25696, 79, 25339, 24584, 24585, 41, 5, 27848, 18, 28172, 25372, 56, 24870, 24581, 24625, 24581, 69, 28286, 24651, 26540, 25559, 24609, 24600, 24666, 25410, 24615, 49, 24866, 38, 24725, 25054, 25359, 24684, 25303, 24584, 25363, 24975, 16, 25590, 18, 25079, 25244, 25010, 26231, 24601, 24609, 24600, 24666, 25410, 24615, 62, 24769, 27402, 24581, 25176, 25600, 18, 25594, 26160, 24581, 69, 27145, 29366, 25580, 16, 25326, 77, 24712, 24647, 56, 24870, 24581, 11, 87, 43, 24604, 73, 24869, 17, 27482, 29835, 29902, 24610, 16, 24581, 28334, 44, 26578, 16, 59, 93, 24605, 24599, 24584, 25422, 23, 16, 25600, 18, 24657, 25176, 25578, 16, 24971, 26530, 24581, 24583, 27517, 24595, 28147, 24634, 18, 24964, 25500, 25127, 16, 25862, 16, 56, 24870, 24581, 26091, 24584, 24657, 24606, 24638, 28410, 24682, 24971, 24596, 24803, 27950, 91, 24613, 24665, 24588, 69, 24951, 26851, 25281, 24619, 75, 26389, 18, 56, 24870, 24581, 24596, 27402, 24747, 25383, 25150, 24862, 24720, 88, 25554, 29867, 24928, 24596, 28168, 42, 78, 24714, 25714, 27934, 24601, 24585, 24848, 25628, 24595, 24862, 24951, 18, 25716, 27070, 24709, 24754, 26276, 24869, 25485, 26518, 24596, 27105, 24833, 24838, 25065, 25051, 26801, 25393, 26639, 17, 25087, 24868, 27269, 24589, 25928, 86, 24676, 24589, 24672, 27935, 12, 57, 18, 55, 18, 25338, 13, 24868, 26889, 72, 25353, 24629, 40, 25353, 24629, 24672, 27935, 12, 57, 18, 55, 18, 25338, 13, 24868, 25522, 25095, 24629, 24868, 26583, 24757, 24596, 25471, 24611, 25677, 26646, 26527, 24868, 27740, 29638, 27269, 24589, 24868, 25522, 84, 24694, 25823, 24998, 24868, 84, 24694, 25823, 24998, 24868, 26756, 27269, 24589, 24868, 25780, 27269, 24589, 25766, 24941, 25687, 24672, 24829, 25433, 26191, 16, 27935 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
66046123
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesser%20Antilles%20mangroves
Lesser Antilles mangroves
The Lesser Antilles mangroves ecoregion (WWF ID: NT1416) covers the salt-water habitats along the coasts of the islands on the divide between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. the included islands stretch from Anguilla in the north to the island of Grenada in the south. The species diversity of these small islands is less than that of the larger islands of the Greater Antilles with to the west, but endemism is high due to the relative isolation of the different islands. Location and description The primary islands in this ecoregion with mangrove forests are Dominica, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Grenada. The mangroves are found on coastal lowlands where salt-water wetlands penetrate. This is commonly on river deltas, on the margins on protected lagoons, and behind protective beaches. Climate The climate of the ecoregion is Tropical rainforest climate (Köppen climate classification (Af)). This climate is characterized as hot, humid, and having at least 60 mm of precipitation every month. Flora and fauna Differences in mangrove character among the islands is affected by salinity and nutrient levels. The southernmost islands are in the offshore currents of fresh water flowing out of the Orinoco River and Amazon River. As a result, they have more developed mangrove systems. The more northerly islands have higher salinity levels, and more diverse reefs and sea grass beds associated with mangroves. The two most common mangrove species in the ecoregion are red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) and white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa). Other characteristic mangrove species are black mangrove (Avicennia germinans), Avicennia schaueriana, and button mangrove (Conocarpus erectus). References Neotropical ecoregions Mangrove ecoregions
[ "The", "L", "ess", "er", "Ant", "ill", "es", "man", "gro", "ves", "ec", "ore", "g", "ion", "(", "W", "W", "F", "ID", ":", "N", "T", "14", "16", ")", "c", "overs", "the", "sal", "t", "-", "water", "habit", "ats", "along", "the", "co", "as", "ts", "of", "the", "is", "lands", "on", "the", "div", "ide", "between", "the", "Car", "ib", "be", "an", "Sea", "and", "the", "Atlantic", "Ocean", ".", "the", "included", "is", "lands", "st", "ret", "ch", "from", "An", "gu", "illa", "in", "the", "north", "to", "the", "island", "of", "Gr", "en", "ada", "in", "the", "south", ".", "The", "species", "d", "iversity", "of", "these", "small", "is", "lands", "is", "less", "than", "that", "of", "the", "larger", "is", "lands", "of", "the", "Gre", "ater", "Ant", "ill", "es", "with", "to", "the", "west", ",", "but", "end", "em", "ism", "is", "high", "due", "to", "the", "rel", "ative", "is", "ol", "ation", "of", "the", "different", "is", "lands", ".", "Loc", "ation", "and", "descr", "ipt", "ion", "The", "primary", "is", "lands", "in", "this", "ec", "ore", "g", "ion", "with", "man", "gro", "ve", "for", "ests", "are", "Domin", "ica", ",", "Martin", "ique", ",", "Saint", "Luc", "ia", ",", "Saint", "V", "in", "cent", "and", "the", "Gr", "en", "ad", "ines", ",", "and", "Gr", "en", "ada", ".", "The", "man", "gro", "ves", "are", "found", "on", "coast", "al", "low", "lands", "where", "sal", "t", "-", "water", "w", "et", "lands", "pen", "et", "rate", ".", "This", "is", "commonly", "on", "river", "del", "t", "as", ",", "on", "the", "m", "arg", "ins", "on", "prote", "cted", "l", "ago", "ons", ",", "and", "behind", "prote", "ctive", "be", "ach", "es", ".", "Cl", "imate", "The", "cl", "imate", "of", "the", "ec", "ore", "g", "ion", "is", "T", "ropical", "rain", "forest", "cl", "imate", "(", "K", "ö", "p", "pen", "cl", "imate", "class", "ification", "(", "Af", ")", ").", "This", "cl", "imate", "is", "character", "ized", "as", "hot", ",", "hum", "id", ",", "and", "having", "at", "least", "60", "mm", "of", "pre", "cip", "itation", "every", "month", ".", "Flor", "a", "and", "fa", "una", "D", "if", "ferences", "in", "man", "gro", "ve", "character", "among", "the", "is", "lands", "is", "affe", "cted", "by", "sal", "inity", "and", "n", "ut", "ri", "ent", "levels", ".", "The", "southern", "most", "is", "lands", "are", "in", "the", "off", "sh", "ore", "curr", "ents", "of", "fr", "esh", "water", "flow", "ing", "out", "of", "the", "Or", "in", "oc", "o", "River", "and", "Am", "az", "on", "River", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "they", "have", "more", "developed", "man", "gro", "ve", "systems", ".", "The", "more", "nor", "ther", "ly", "is", "lands", "have", "higher", "sal", "inity", "levels", ",", "and", "more", "d", "iverse", "ree", "f", "s", "and", "sea", "gr", "ass", "b", "eds", "associated", "with", "man", "gro", "ves", ".", "The", "two", "most", "common", "man", "gro", "ve", "species", "in", "the", "ec", "ore", "g", "ion", "are", "red", "man", "gro", "ve", "(", "Rh", "iz", "oph", "ora", "man", "g", "le", ")", "and", "white", "man", "gro", "ve", "(", "L", "ag", "un", "c", "ular", "ia", "rac", "em", "os", "a", ").", "Other", "character", "istic", "man", "gro", "ve", "species", "are", "black", "man", "gro", "ve", "(", "Av", "ic", "enn", "ia", "ger", "min", "ans", "),", "Av", "ic", "enn", "ia", "sch", "au", "er", "iana", ",", "and", "but", "ton", "man", "gro", "ve", "(", "Con", "oc", "ar", "p", "us", "ere", "ct", "us", ").", "References", "Ne", "ot", "ropical", "ec", "ore", "g", "ions", "M", "ang", "ro", "ve", "ec", "ore", "g", "ions" ]
[ 24627, 48, 24676, 24582, 29457, 24689, 24589, 24710, 29453, 26048, 28125, 24806, 75, 24602, 12, 59, 59, 42, 27346, 30, 50, 56, 25129, 25009, 13, 71, 27284, 24585, 27607, 88, 17, 25801, 27711, 25729, 25635, 24585, 24869, 24594, 24704, 24595, 24585, 24593, 25873, 24584, 24585, 26515, 24814, 25142, 24585, 25198, 24751, 24636, 24583, 28207, 24596, 24585, 29054, 29472, 18, 24585, 25922, 24593, 25873, 24606, 25055, 24610, 24672, 24800, 25309, 28455, 24581, 24585, 25855, 24601, 24585, 27730, 24595, 25014, 24587, 27015, 24581, 24585, 25900, 18, 24627, 25752, 72, 24972, 24595, 25639, 25734, 24593, 25873, 24593, 25765, 25208, 24682, 24595, 24585, 28537, 24593, 25873, 24595, 24585, 28202, 24836, 29457, 24689, 24589, 24651, 24601, 24585, 25820, 16, 24835, 24725, 24635, 25284, 24593, 25153, 25769, 24601, 24585, 25050, 25077, 24593, 24612, 24626, 24595, 24585, 26035, 24593, 25873, 18, 27770, 24626, 24596, 25546, 26112, 24602, 24627, 27592, 24593, 25873, 24581, 24927, 28125, 24806, 75, 24602, 24651, 24710, 29453, 24961, 24618, 26495, 24686, 29652, 25177, 16, 27402, 26788, 16, 26898, 27760, 24677, 16, 26898, 58, 24581, 24804, 24596, 24585, 25014, 24587, 24614, 25675, 16, 24596, 25014, 24587, 27015, 18, 24627, 24710, 29453, 26048, 24686, 25096, 24584, 27768, 24591, 26401, 25873, 25072, 27607, 88, 17, 25801, 91, 24645, 25873, 25863, 24645, 27955, 18, 25111, 24593, 29300, 24584, 27483, 25977, 88, 24594, 16, 24584, 24585, 81, 25135, 25080, 24584, 26265, 24955, 80, 26039, 25285, 16, 24596, 27606, 26265, 27767, 24636, 24769, 24589, 18, 25046, 27211, 24627, 24691, 27211, 24595, 24585, 28125, 24806, 75, 24602, 24593, 56, 28892, 26219, 29191, 24691, 27211, 12, 47, 213, 84, 25863, 24691, 27211, 25360, 26524, 12, 25220, 13, 24874, 25111, 24691, 27211, 24593, 26096, 25380, 24594, 27780, 16, 25979, 24630, 16, 24596, 26296, 24590, 27306, 26366, 28405, 24595, 24970, 29760, 28568, 26237, 27487, 18, 26250, 69, 24596, 27925, 28431, 40, 24692, 24827, 24581, 24710, 29453, 24961, 26096, 26134, 24585, 24593, 25873, 24593, 29249, 24955, 24647, 27607, 29879, 24596, 82, 24660, 25356, 24609, 29021, 18, 24627, 27614, 25066, 24593, 25873, 24686, 24581, 24585, 24894, 24690, 24806, 25733, 24883, 24595, 24653, 26297, 25801, 29520, 24599, 24767, 24595, 24585, 25156, 24581, 24670, 83, 25910, 24596, 25417, 25022, 24584, 25910, 18, 24906, 69, 26242, 16, 25002, 24920, 25060, 26656, 24710, 29453, 24961, 27686, 18, 24627, 25060, 25248, 24703, 24633, 24593, 25873, 24920, 27933, 27607, 29879, 29021, 16, 24596, 25060, 72, 29597, 24846, 74, 87, 24596, 27362, 24699, 24732, 70, 26311, 27948, 24651, 24710, 29453, 26048, 18, 24627, 24907, 25066, 26771, 24710, 29453, 24961, 25752, 24581, 24585, 28125, 24806, 75, 24602, 24686, 25204, 24710, 29453, 24961, 12, 27772, 24782, 26391, 28000, 24710, 75, 24604, 13, 24596, 26711, 24710, 29453, 24961, 12, 48, 24638, 24631, 71, 25119, 24677, 26013, 24635, 24674, 69, 24874, 26594, 26096, 27302, 24710, 29453, 24961, 25752, 24686, 26776, 24710, 29453, 24961, 12, 28608, 24597, 25187, 24677, 26065, 24931, 24841, 24758, 28608, 24597, 25187, 24677, 25958, 24786, 24582, 27372, 16, 24596, 24835, 24915, 24710, 29453, 24961, 12, 24924, 24670, 24592, 84, 24640, 24671, 24637, 24640, 24874, 24838, 25486, 24643, 28892, 28125, 24806, 75, 24921, 49, 24822, 24619, 24961, 28125, 24806, 75, 24921 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
67428253
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Police%20of%20El%20Salvador
National Police of El Salvador
The National Police of El Salvador (), abbreviated as the PN, was the national law enforcement agency of El Salvador from 1867 to 1992. History The National Police of El Salvador was established in 1867 during the presidency of Francisco Dueñas. The National Police was expanded in 1883 and again in 1888 in response to increased tensions between the Salvadoran citizens and indigenous Indians. In the Chapultepec Peace Accords signed on 16 January 1992, the National Police was dissolved, along with the National Guard and the Treasury Police, and replaced by the National Civil Police. In accordance to the peace accords, one fifth of the National Civil Police was composed of former members of the National Police. Another one fifth was composed of members of the guerrilla group Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front and the remaining three fifths was composed of neutral parties. References Citations Bibliography 1860s establishments in El Salvador 1860s in El Salvador 1992 disestablishments in El Salvador 1992 in El Salvador Defunct law enforcement agencies of El Salvador Government agencies established in 1867 Government agencies disestablished in 1992 Salvadoran Civil War
[ "The", "National", "Police", "of", "El", "Sal", "v", "ador", "(),", "ab", "bre", "vi", "ated", "as", "the", "P", "N", ",", "was", "the", "national", "law", "en", "for", "cement", "ag", "ency", "of", "El", "Sal", "v", "ador", "from", "186", "7", "to", "1992", ".", "History", "The", "National", "Police", "of", "El", "Sal", "v", "ador", "was", "established", "in", "186", "7", "during", "the", "pres", "id", "ency", "of", "Francisco", "D", "ue", "ñ", "as", ".", "The", "National", "Police", "was", "expanded", "in", "188", "3", "and", "again", "in", "188", "8", "in", "response", "to", "increased", "t", "ens", "ions", "between", "the", "Sal", "v", "ador", "an", "citiz", "ens", "and", "ind", "igen", "ous", "Ind", "ians", ".", "In", "the", "Chap", "ul", "te", "pec", "Pe", "ace", "Ac", "cord", "s", "signed", "on", "16", "January", "1992", ",", "the", "National", "Police", "was", "diss", "ol", "ved", ",", "along", "with", "the", "National", "Guard", "and", "the", "Tre", "as", "ury", "Police", ",", "and", "replaced", "by", "the", "National", "Civil", "Police", ".", "In", "ac", "cord", "ance", "to", "the", "peace", "ac", "cord", "s", ",", "one", "fifth", "of", "the", "National", "Civil", "Police", "was", "composed", "of", "former", "members", "of", "the", "National", "Police", ".", "Another", "one", "fifth", "was", "composed", "of", "members", "of", "the", "gu", "er", "r", "illa", "group", "Far", "ab", "un", "do", "Mart", "í", "National", "Liber", "ation", "Fr", "ont", "and", "the", "remaining", "three", "fif", "ths", "was", "composed", "of", "ne", "ut", "ral", "parties", ".", "References", "Cit", "ations", "Bibliography", "186", "0s", "establishments", "in", "El", "Sal", "v", "ador", "186", "0s", "in", "El", "Sal", "v", "ador", "1992", "dis", "establishments", "in", "El", "Sal", "v", "ador", "1992", "in", "El", "Sal", "v", "ador", "De", "fun", "ct", "law", "en", "for", "cement", "ag", "encies", "of", "El", "Sal", "v", "ador", "Government", "ag", "encies", "established", "in", "186", "7", "Government", "ag", "encies", "dis", "established", "in", "1992", "Sal", "v", "ador", "an", "Civil", "War" ]
[ 24627, 25155, 28433, 24595, 25421, 26200, 90, 27721, 29872, 24662, 25706, 25885, 24712, 24594, 24585, 52, 50, 16, 24625, 24585, 25743, 25539, 24587, 24618, 29534, 24638, 26322, 24595, 25421, 26200, 90, 27721, 24672, 25802, 27, 24601, 26362, 18, 25592, 24627, 25155, 28433, 24595, 25421, 26200, 90, 27721, 24625, 25572, 24581, 25802, 27, 25104, 24585, 24925, 24630, 26322, 24595, 28121, 40, 24802, 208, 24594, 18, 24627, 25155, 28433, 24625, 29710, 24581, 25668, 23, 24596, 25098, 24581, 25668, 28, 24581, 28363, 24601, 28151, 88, 24845, 24921, 25142, 24585, 26200, 90, 27721, 24583, 28499, 24845, 24596, 24888, 28848, 24797, 25073, 25297, 18, 24657, 24585, 28514, 24649, 24680, 26022, 25061, 24852, 25275, 24917, 87, 26477, 24584, 25009, 25352, 26362, 16, 24585, 25155, 28433, 24625, 29323, 24612, 25501, 16, 25635, 24651, 24585, 25155, 28820, 24596, 24585, 28166, 24594, 24960, 28433, 16, 24596, 27196, 24647, 24585, 25155, 27628, 28433, 18, 24657, 24616, 24917, 24985, 24601, 24585, 29370, 24616, 24917, 87, 16, 24748, 28561, 24595, 24585, 25155, 27628, 28433, 24625, 28429, 24595, 25346, 25622, 24595, 24585, 25155, 28433, 18, 28688, 24748, 28561, 24625, 28429, 24595, 25622, 24595, 24585, 25309, 24582, 86, 28455, 25273, 27867, 24662, 24631, 25161, 26285, 204, 25155, 27613, 24626, 24974, 25349, 24596, 24585, 28543, 25151, 27370, 25136, 24625, 28429, 24595, 24687, 24660, 25542, 28769, 18, 24838, 29789, 24833, 29100, 25802, 25219, 26712, 24581, 25421, 26200, 90, 27721, 25802, 25219, 24581, 25421, 26200, 90, 27721, 26362, 24913, 26712, 24581, 25421, 26200, 90, 27721, 26362, 24581, 25421, 26200, 90, 27721, 24821, 26053, 24637, 25539, 24587, 24618, 29534, 24638, 28559, 24595, 25421, 26200, 90, 27721, 27030, 24638, 28559, 25572, 24581, 25802, 27, 27030, 24638, 28559, 24913, 25572, 24581, 26362, 26200, 90, 27721, 24583, 27628, 25209 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
38905370
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro%20entity
Micro entity
Micro entity may refer to: A form of legal person in patent law, see Large and small entities in patent law Small and medium-sized enterprises#United Kingdom
[ "Mic", "ro", "ent", "ity", "may", "refer", "to", ":", "A", "form", "of", "legal", "person", "in", "pat", "ent", "law", ",", "see", "L", "ar", "ge", "and", "small", "ent", "ities", "in", "pat", "ent", "law", "Sm", "all", "and", "med", "ium", "-", "s", "ized", "enter", "pr", "ises", "#", "United", "Kingdom" ]
[ 27328, 24619, 24609, 24683, 25345, 26105, 24601, 30, 37, 24839, 24595, 27379, 25560, 24581, 25553, 24609, 25539, 16, 26068, 48, 24592, 24721, 24596, 25734, 24609, 25082, 24581, 25553, 24609, 25539, 25995, 24663, 24596, 24992, 25394, 17, 87, 25380, 27270, 24666, 27622, 7, 24994, 26514 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
20850263
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howie%20Haworth
Howie Haworth
Homer Howard Haworth (August 27, 1893 – January 28, 1953) was a Major League Baseball catcher who played for one season. He played seven games for the Cleveland Indians during the 1915 Cleveland Indians season. External links 1893 births 1953 deaths People from Newberg, Oregon Cleveland Indians players Major League Baseball catchers Baseball players from Oregon Portland Beavers players Great Falls Electrics players Oakland Oaks (baseball) players Birmingham Barons players Fort Worth Panthers players Atlanta Crackers players Des Moines Demons players Tulsa Oilers (baseball) players San Francisco Seals (baseball) players Burials at Willamette National Cemetery Pendleton Buckaroos players People from Troutdale, Oregon Ballard Pippins players
[ "H", "omer", "How", "ard", "Haw", "or", "th", "(", "August", "27", ",", "189", "3", "–", "January", "28", ",", "1953", ")", "was", "a", "Major", "League", "Baseball", "c", "atch", "er", "who", "played", "for", "one", "season", ".", "He", "played", "seven", "games", "for", "the", "C", "level", "and", "Ind", "ians", "during", "the", "1915", "C", "level", "and", "Ind", "ians", "season", ".", "External", "links", "189", "3", "births", "1953", "deaths", "People", "from", "New", "berg", ",", "Oregon", "C", "level", "and", "Ind", "ians", "players", "Major", "League", "Baseball", "c", "atch", "ers", "Baseball", "players", "from", "Oregon", "Port", "land", "Be", "av", "ers", "players", "Great", "Fall", "s", "Elect", "rics", "players", "Oak", "land", "Oak", "s", "(", "baseball", ")", "players", "Bir", "ming", "ham", "Bar", "ons", "players", "Fort", "Wor", "th", "Pan", "thers", "players", "Atl", "anta", "Cr", "ack", "ers", "players", "Des", "Mo", "ines", "Dem", "ons", "players", "T", "ul", "sa", "O", "il", "ers", "(", "baseball", ")", "players", "San", "Francisco", "Se", "als", "(", "baseball", ")", "players", "Bur", "ials", "at", "Will", "am", "ette", "National", "C", "emetery", "P", "end", "le", "ton", "B", "uck", "ar", "o", "os", "players", "People", "from", "Tr", "out", "d", "ale", ",", "Oregon", "Ball", "ard", "P", "ipp", "ins", "players" ]
[ 44, 28216, 27390, 24695, 27575, 24586, 24580, 12, 25313, 25563, 16, 25529, 23, 4992, 25352, 25555, 16, 28158, 13, 24625, 69, 27449, 25375, 28694, 71, 25229, 24582, 24831, 25350, 24618, 24748, 25042, 18, 24736, 25350, 26564, 25736, 24618, 24585, 39, 25846, 24596, 25073, 25297, 25104, 24585, 29292, 39, 25846, 24596, 25073, 25297, 25042, 18, 25065, 25051, 25529, 23, 25393, 28158, 25989, 25687, 24672, 24871, 26562, 16, 29247, 39, 25846, 24596, 25073, 25297, 25053, 27449, 25375, 28694, 71, 25229, 24629, 28694, 25053, 24672, 29247, 26170, 24775, 25133, 24668, 24629, 25053, 26604, 28839, 87, 28240, 29417, 25053, 29809, 24775, 29809, 87, 12, 28353, 13, 25053, 28019, 26352, 25484, 25497, 25285, 25053, 27743, 25028, 24580, 26596, 27395, 25053, 26952, 27097, 25709, 24765, 24629, 25053, 25864, 25721, 25675, 25961, 25285, 25053, 56, 24649, 29384, 51, 24608, 24629, 12, 28353, 13, 25053, 25740, 28121, 24779, 24702, 12, 28353, 13, 25053, 26343, 26254, 24590, 25428, 24611, 28068, 25155, 39, 28954, 52, 24725, 24604, 24915, 38, 25776, 24592, 83, 24674, 25053, 25687, 24672, 25024, 24767, 72, 24988, 16, 29247, 29030, 24695, 52, 26210, 25080, 25053 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
56560820
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garha%20Kingdom
Garha Kingdom
The Garha Kingdom, also called Garha Mandla or Garha Katanga, was an early-modern-era kingdom in India. It was the first large kingdom to be founded by the Gond tribe and dominated much of Central India at its peak. History The first Gond king of Garha-Mandla was Jadurai. He became king after deposing the Kalchuri Rajputs of Garha-Mandla, where earlier he worked in court. The Garha-Mandla kingdom was initially a small territory whose early kings focused on consolidating their rule. Kharji (1440–1460) expanded his army and his grandson Sukhandas (1480–1500) included Rajputs in his army and administration. The kingdom witnessed rapid expansion under the rule of Sangram Shah, the 48th king, He captured territories like Narmada Valley, Bhopal, Sagar, Damoh and most of the Satpura hills. He conquered 52 forts called Garhs to strengthen and consolidate his hold on territory. The Chouragrh Fort in Narsinghpur was built in the honour of conquering 52 forts. Sangram Shah is best known as a patron of arts and literature and he had great knowledge of Sanskrit. Rasratnamala was written by Sangram Shah. During Sangram Shah's reign, the capital of Garha kingdom was Singhorgarh. His successor Dalpat Shah, was married to Rani Durgawati (Rani-queen) who was a Chandela Rajput princess. Rani Durgavati moved her capital to Chouragarh because it was safer than Singorgarh fort. Rani Durgawati made the kingdom extremely prosperous, it was said that the people paid their taxes in gold in her reign. Baz Bahadur, the last sultan of Malwa, invaded Garha but was thoroughly defeated by Rani Durgawati. The powerful Mughal Emperor Akbar sent his forces led by Asaf Khan I to capture Garha in 1564. The queen put up a fierce resistance in the Battle of Narrai despite being heavily outnumbered and was eventually killed. She is remembered as a war-heroine and is still praised across the whole Gondwana region by the Gonds. The Mughals acquired immense booty from this victory, including coins, gold, silver, jewels and thousands of elephants. After some years of Mughal rule, the kingdom was restored to Chandra Shah, another son of Sangram Shah and half-brother of Dalpat Shah. He was recognized as the successor of Rani Durgavati by Akbar on accepting Mughal suzerainty and ceding 10 of the garhas. He was followed in succession by Madhukar Shah and Prem Narain. Jhujhar Singh of Orchha assassinated Prem Narain, however, Mughal interference restored the kingdom to Hridayshah. Hridayshah maintained friendly relations with the Mughals, he spent days at the imperial court in Delhi as well. He moved his capital from Chouragarh to Ramnagar of Mandla district. Decline Hriday Shah was the last great king of Garha-Mandla. After his death, no great ruler appeared and court intrigue was common, greatly weakening the state. It ceded away portions of its territory and its revenues were spent to buy off its enemies. One of its feudatories, the Gond rajas of Deogadh, took advantage of the kingdom's weakness subsequent to the temporary Mughal conquest in the early 17th century and annexed a large part of its territories. Bakht Buland Shah, the Gond raja of Deogarh, was ceded the district of Seoni, Chauri, Dongartal and Ghansour by Narendra Shah of Mandla for his aid against the rebellious Pathan jagirdars in the kingdom. By the time of Maharaj Shah (1732–1742), the kingdom held only 29 out of the initial 52 forts held by his ancestor Sangram Shah. In 1742, Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao attacked Garh-Mandla along with Visaji Chandorkar, leader of the Sagar Marathas and killed the ruler, Maharaj Shah. His son, Shivraj Singh, ascended he throne on the condition that he would pay an annual tribute of 4 lakhs to the Marathas. Garha-Mandla essentially became a dependent state of the Sagar Marathas. In 1780, Narhar Shah of Mandla was defeated by the Maratha king of Nagpur, Mudhoji Bhonsle and annexed the territories now constituting Balaghat District and some part of Bhandara District. Narhar Shah's kingdom was finally annexed in 1781 by the Sagar Marathas and he was sent to spend the rest of his days at Khurai fort in Saugor. The anthropologist Stephen Fuchs describes- "In 1781 the last Gond ruler of Mandla, Narhar Shah, was tortured to death by the Maratha general Moraji, and Mandla became a dependency of the Saugor Marathas. In 1799 Mandla fell to the Bhonsla king of Nagpur, till in 1818 the British took over and assumed the rule also over Mandla." Aftermath In 1817, Mandla came under British rule during the Third Anglo-Maratha War. Shankar Shah, a pensioner of the British, descendent of the rajas of Garha-Mandla and his son Raghunath Shah were arrested of a plot to murder the English residents of Jabalpur during the Revolt of 1857 and were executed by blowing from a gun in Jabalpur. Emblem of Gondwana State For over a millennium in South Asia, the visual trope of a triumphant lion vanquishing one or several elephants has been common in architectural sculpture, both in the round and in relief. In the rather limited scholarship on this motif, diverse interpretations have been offered. Although its presence has remained fairly stable through time, there exist many minor variations on this motif, including the use of leonine creatures variously described as vyālas or yālīs, and the incorporation of other fantastic creatures known popularly as makaras in such combats. In South India, the myth of the fantastic composite animal called the Śarabha takes this imagery yet further. Yet, the simple image of a lion victorious over one or more elephants was situated very strategically within certain architectural programs for given periods and places. For example, Gondwana Kingdom forts, Deccani forts constructed between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries carried this representation on their barbicans and gateways . While tracing the history of this visual motif. Administration Administration of Gondwana was becoming centralised. The kingdom was divided into garh, each garh was controlled by particular Gond clan. This was further divided into units of 84 villages called chourasi. The chourasi was further subdivided into barhots which are made up of 12 villages each. 53 Garh of Gondwana List of Rulers The following is a list of the rulers of Garha-Mandla- Kharji (1440–1460) Gorakshadas (1460–1480) Sukhandas (1480–1500) Arjun Das (1500–1513) Sangram Shah also known as Aman das (1513–1543) Dalpat Shah (1543–1550) Rani Durgawati (1550–1564) Chandra Shah (1566–1576) Madhukar Shah Prem Narain Hridayshah (1634–1668) Chhatra Shah (1668–1685) Kesari Shah (1685–1688) Narendra Shah (1688–1732) Maharaj Shah (1732–1742) Shivraj Shah (1742–1749) Durjan Shah (1749) Nizam Shah (1749–1776) Narhar Shah (1776–1781) References Bibliography Ancient empires and kingdoms of India
[ "The", "Gar", "ha", "Kingdom", ",", "also", "called", "Gar", "ha", "M", "and", "la", "or", "Gar", "ha", "Kat", "ang", "a", ",", "was", "an", "early", "-", "modern", "-", "era", "king", "dom", "in", "India", ".", "It", "was", "the", "first", "large", "king", "dom", "to", "be", "founded", "by", "the", "G", "ond", "tr", "ibe", "and", "domin", "ated", "much", "of", "Central", "India", "at", "its", "peak", ".", "History", "The", "first", "G", "ond", "king", "of", "Gar", "ha", "-", "M", "and", "la", "was", "J", "ad", "ur", "ai", ".", "He", "became", "king", "after", "de", "pos", "ing", "the", "Kal", "ch", "ur", "i", "Raj", "put", "s", "of", "Gar", "ha", "-", "M", "and", "la", ",", "where", "earlier", "he", "worked", "in", "court", ".", "The", "Gar", "ha", "-", "M", "and", "la", "king", "dom", "was", "initially", "a", "small", "territory", "whose", "early", "k", "ings", "foc", "used", "on", "cons", "ol", "id", "ating", "their", "rule", ".", "K", "har", "ji", "(", "14", "40", "–", "14", "60", ")", "expanded", "his", "army", "and", "his", "grand", "son", "Su", "k", "hand", "as", "(", "14", "80", "–", "15", "00", ")", "included", "Raj", "put", "s", "in", "his", "army", "and", "administration", ".", "The", "king", "dom", "w", "it", "ness", "ed", "rap", "id", "exp", "ansion", "under", "the", "rule", "of", "San", "gram", "Sh", "ah", ",", "the", "48", "th", "king", ",", "He", "captured", "territ", "ories", "like", "N", "arm", "ada", "Valley", ",", "B", "hop", "al", ",", "S", "ag", "ar", ",", "Dam", "o", "h", "and", "most", "of", "the", "Sat", "pur", "a", "hill", "s", ".", "He", "con", "qu", "ered", "52", "forts", "called", "Gar", "h", "s", "to", "str", "eng", "then", "and", "cons", "ol", "id", "ate", "his", "hold", "on", "territory", ".", "The", "Ch", "our", "ag", "r", "h", "Fort", "in", "N", "ar", "sing", "h", "pur", "was", "built", "in", "the", "hon", "our", "of", "con", "qu", "ering", "52", "forts", ".", "San", "gram", "Sh", "ah", "is", "best", "known", "as", "a", "pat", "ron", "of", "arts", "and", "literature", "and", "he", "had", "great", "knowledge", "of", "S", "ans", "k", "rit", ".", "R", "as", "rat", "nam", "ala", "was", "written", "by", "San", "gram", "Sh", "ah", ".", "During", "San", "gram", "Sh", "ah", "'", "s", "re", "ign", ",", "the", "capital", "of", "Gar", "ha", "king", "dom", "was", "Sing", "hor", "gar", "h", ".", "His", "success", "or", "D", "al", "pat", "Sh", "ah", ",", "was", "married", "to", "R", "ani", "Dur", "g", "aw", "ati", "(", "R", "ani", "-", "qu", "een", ")", "who", "was", "a", "Ch", "and", "ela", "Raj", "put", "prin", "cess", ".", "R", "ani", "Dur", "g", "av", "ati", "moved", "her", "capital", "to", "Ch", "our", "ag", "ar", "h", "because", "it", "was", "sa", "fer", "than", "Sing", "or", "gar", "h", "fort", ".", "R", "ani", "Dur", "g", "aw", "ati", "made", "the", "king", "dom", "ext", "rem", "ely", "pro", "s", "per", "ous", ",", "it", "was", "said", "that", "the", "people", "paid", "their", "tax", "es", "in", "gold", "in", "her", "re", "ign", ".", "B", "az", "Ba", "had", "ur", ",", "the", "last", "s", "ult", "an", "of", "Mal", "wa", ",", "inv", "ad", "ed", "Gar", "ha", "but", "was", "thor", "ough", "ly", "defeated", "by", "R", "ani", "Dur", "g", "aw", "ati", ".", "The", "power", "ful", "Mu", "gh", "al", "Emperor", "Ak", "bar", "sent", "his", "forces", "led", "by", "As", "af", "Khan", "I", "to", "capt", "ure", "Gar", "ha", "in", "15", "64", ".", "The", "qu", "een", "put", "up", "a", "f", "ier", "ce", "resist", "ance", "in", "the", "Battle", "of", "N", "ar", "ra", "i", "despite", "being", "he", "av", "ily", "out", "number", "ed", "and", "was", "eventually", "killed", ".", "She", "is", "re", "member", "ed", "as", "a", "war", "-", "her", "o", "ine", "and", "is", "still", "pra", "ised", "across", "the", "whole", "G", "ond", "w", "ana", "region", "by", "the", "G", "ond", "s", ".", "The", "Mu", "gh", "als", "acquired", "im", "men", "se", "bo", "ot", "y", "from", "this", "victory", ",", "including", "co", "ins", ",", "gold", ",", "silver", ",", "j", "ew", "els", "and", "thous", "ands", "of", "ele", "ph", "ants", ".", "After", "some", "years", "of", "Mu", "gh", "al", "rule", ",", "the", "king", "dom", "was", "rest", "ored", "to", "Ch", "and", "ra", "Sh", "ah", ",", "another", "son", "of", "San", "gram", "Sh", "ah", "and", "half", "-", "brother", "of", "D", "al", "pat", "Sh", "ah", ".", "He", "was", "recognized", "as", "the", "success", "or", "of", "R", "ani", "Dur", "g", "av", "ati", "by", "Ak", "bar", "on", "accept", "ing", "Mu", "gh", "al", "su", "zer", "ain", "ty", "and", "ced", "ing", "10", "of", "the", "gar", "has", ".", "He", "was", "followed", "in", "success", "ion", "by", "Mad", "h", "uk", "ar", "Sh", "ah", "and", "Prem", "N", "ar", "ain", ".", "J", "hu", "j", "har", "Sing", "h", "of", "Or", "ch", "ha", "ass", "ass", "in", "ated", "Prem", "N", "ar", "ain", ",", "however", ",", "Mu", "gh", "al", "inter", "ference", "rest", "ored", "the", "king", "dom", "to", "H", "rid", "ay", "sh", "ah", ".", "H", "rid", "ay", "sh", "ah", "main", "tained", "friend", "ly", "relations", "with", "the", "Mu", "gh", "als", ",", "he", "spent", "days", "at", "the", "im", "perial", "court", "in", "Del", "hi", "as", "well", ".", "He", "moved", "his", "capital", "from", "Ch", "our", "ag", "ar", "h", "to", "Ram", "n", "ag", "ar", "of", "M", "and", "la", "district", ".", "De", "cl", "ine", "H", "rid", "ay", "Sh", "ah", "was", "the", "last", "great", "king", "of", "Gar", "ha", "-", "M", "and", "la", ".", "After", "his", "death", ",", "no", "great", "rul", "er", "appeared", "and", "court", "in", "tr", "ig", "ue", "was", "common", ",", "great", "ly", "we", "aken", "ing", "the", "state", ".", "It", "ced", "ed", "away", "port", "ions", "of", "its", "territory", "and", "its", "re", "ven", "ues", "were", "spent", "to", "bu", "y", "off", "its", "en", "em", "ies", ".", "One", "of", "its", "fe", "ud", "ator", "ies", ",", "the", "G", "ond", "ra", "j", "as", "of", "De", "og", "ad", "h", ",", "took", "adv", "ant", "age", "of", "the", "king", "dom", "'", "s", "we", "ak", "ness", "subsequ", "ent", "to", "the", "temporary", "Mu", "gh", "al", "con", "quest", "in", "the", "early", "17th", "century", "and", "an", "ne", "x", "ed", "a", "large", "part", "of", "its", "territ", "ories", ".", "B", "akh", "t", "Bul", "and", "Sh", "ah", ",", "the", "G", "ond", "ra", "ja", "of", "De", "og", "ar", "h", ",", "was", "ced", "ed", "the", "district", "of", "Se", "on", "i", ",", "Ch", "aur", "i", ",", "D", "ong", "art", "al", "and", "Gh", "ans", "our", "by", "N", "ar", "end", "ra", "Sh", "ah", "of", "M", "and", "la", "for", "his", "aid", "against", "the", "re", "bell", "ious", "P", "athan", "j", "ag", "ird", "ars", "in", "the", "king", "dom", ".", "By", "the", "time", "of", "Mah", "ar", "aj", "Sh", "ah", "(", "17", "32", "–", "17", "42", "),", "the", "king", "dom", "held", "only", "29", "out", "of", "the", "initial", "52", "forts", "held", "by", "his", "anc", "est", "or", "San", "gram", "Sh", "ah", ".", "In", "17", "42", ",", "P", "esh", "wa", "Bal", "aj", "i", "B", "aj", "i", "R", "ao", "attack", "ed", "Gar", "h", "-", "M", "and", "la", "along", "with", "Vis", "aj", "i", "Ch", "and", "ork", "ar", ",", "leader", "of", "the", "S", "ag", "ar", "Mar", "ath", "as", "and", "killed", "the", "rul", "er", ",", "Mah", "ar", "aj", "Sh", "ah", ".", "His", "son", ",", "Sh", "iv", "ra", "j", "Sing", "h", ",", "asc", "ended", "he", "thr", "one", "on", "the", "condition", "that", "he", "would", "pay", "an", "annual", "trib", "ute", "of", "4", "l", "akh", "s", "to", "the", "Mar", "ath", "as", ".", "Gar", "ha", "-", "M", "and", "la", "ess", "ent", "ially", "became", "a", "dependent", "state", "of", "the", "S", "ag", "ar", "Mar", "ath", "as", ".", "In", "17", "80", ",", "N", "ar", "har", "Sh", "ah", "of", "M", "and", "la", "was", "defeated", "by", "the", "Mar", "ath", "a", "king", "of", "N", "ag", "pur", ",", "M", "ud", "ho", "ji", "Bh", "ons", "le", "and", "an", "ne", "x", "ed", "the", "territ", "ories", "now", "con", "stitut", "ing", "Bal", "ag", "h", "at", "District", "and", "some", "part", "of", "B", "hand", "ara", "District", ".", "N", "ar", "har", "Sh", "ah", "'", "s", "king", "dom", "was", "finally", "an", "ne", "x", "ed", "in", "17", "81", "by", "the", "S", "ag", "ar", "Mar", "ath", "as", "and", "he", "was", "sent", "to", "sp", "end", "the", "rest", "of", "his", "days", "at", "Kh", "ur", "ai", "fort", "in", "S", "aug", "or", ".", "The", "anth", "ro", "pol", "og", "ist", "Stephen", "F", "uch", "s", "describ", "es", "-", "\"", "In", "17", "81", "the", "last", "G", "ond", "rul", "er", "of", "M", "and", "la", ",", "N", "ar", "har", "Sh", "ah", ",", "was", "t", "ort", "ured", "to", "death", "by", "the", "Mar", "ath", "a", "general", "Mor", "aj", "i", ",", "and", "M", "and", "la", "became", "a", "depend", "ency", "of", "the", "S", "aug", "or", "Mar", "ath", "as", ".", "In", "179", "9", "M", "and", "la", "fell", "to", "the", "Bh", "ons", "la", "king", "of", "N", "ag", "pur", ",", "t", "ill", "in", "18", "18", "the", "British", "took", "over", "and", "ass", "umed", "the", "rule", "also", "over", "M", "and", "la", ".\"", "After", "m", "ath", "In", "18", "17", ",", "M", "and", "la", "came", "under", "British", "rule", "during", "the", "Third", "Ang", "lo", "-", "Mar", "ath", "a", "War", ".", "Sh", "ank", "ar", "Sh", "ah", ",", "a", "p", "ension", "er", "of", "the", "British", ",", "des", "c", "end", "ent", "of", "the", "ra", "j", "as", "of", "Gar", "ha", "-", "M", "and", "la", "and", "his", "son", "R", "ag", "hun", "ath", "Sh", "ah", "were", "arrested", "of", "a", "pl", "ot", "to", "murder", "the", "English", "residents", "of", "J", "ab", "al", "pur", "during", "the", "Re", "vol", "t", "of", "185", "7", "and", "were", "execut", "ed", "by", "bl", "ow", "ing", "from", "a", "gun", "in", "J", "ab", "al", "pur", ".", "Em", "ble", "m", "of", "G", "ond", "w", "ana", "State", "For", "over", "a", "mill", "enn", "ium", "in", "South", "Asia", ",", "the", "vis", "ual", "tro", "pe", "of", "a", "tr", "ium", "ph", "ant", "l", "ion", "van", "qu", "ish", "ing", "one", "or", "several", "ele", "ph", "ants", "has", "been", "common", "in", "architect", "ural", "sculpt", "ure", ",", "both", "in", "the", "round", "and", "in", "rel", "ief", ".", "In", "the", "rather", "limited", "scholar", "ship", "on", "this", "mot", "if", ",", "d", "iverse", "inter", "pret", "ations", "have", "been", "offered", ".", "Although", "its", "presence", "has", "remained", "fair", "ly", "st", "able", "through", "time", ",", "there", "exist", "many", "minor", "var", "i", "ations", "on", "this", "mot", "if", ",", "including", "the", "use", "of", "le", "on", "ine", "cre", "at", "ures", "various", "ly", "described", "as", "v", "y", "ā", "l", "as", "or", "y", "ā", "l", "ī", "s", ",", "and", "the", "incorpor", "ation", "of", "other", "f", "ant", "astic", "cre", "at", "ures", "known", "popular", "ly", "as", "m", "ak", "ar", "as", "in", "such", "comb", "ats", ".", "In", "South", "India", ",", "the", "my", "th", "of", "the", "f", "ant", "astic", "compos", "ite", "anim", "al", "called", "the", "Ś", "ar", "ab", "ha", "takes", "this", "im", "ag", "ery", "yet", "further", ".", "Y", "et", ",", "the", "sim", "ple", "image", "of", "a", "l", "ion", "vict", "or", "ious", "over", "one", "or", "more", "ele", "ph", "ants", "was", "sit", "uated", "very", "str", "ateg", "ically", "within", "certain", "architect", "ural", "programs", "for", "given", "period", "s", "and", "places", ".", "For", "example", ",", "G", "ond", "w", "ana", "Kingdom", "forts", ",", "Dec", "can", "i", "forts", "constructed", "between", "the", "fif", "teen", "th", "and", "se", "vent", "een", "th", "cent", "uries", "carried", "this", "represent", "ation", "on", "their", "bar", "b", "ican", "s", "and", "gate", "ways", ".", "While", "tr", "ac", "ing", "the", "history", "of", "this", "vis", "ual", "mot", "if", ".", "Administr", "ation", "Administr", "ation", "of", "G", "ond", "w", "ana", "was", "becoming", "central", "ised", ".", "The", "king", "dom", "was", "divided", "into", "gar", "h", ",", "each", "gar", "h", "was", "controll", "ed", "by", "particular", "G", "ond", "cl", "an", ".", "This", "was", "further", "divided", "into", "units", "of", "84", "villages", "called", "ch", "our", "as", "i", ".", "The", "ch", "our", "as", "i", "was", "further", "sub", "divided", "into", "bar", "h", "ots", "which", "are", "made", "up", "of", "12", "villages", "each", ".", "53", "Gar", "h", "of", "G", "ond", "w", "ana", "List", "of", "R", "ul", "ers", "The", "following", "is", "a", "list", "of", "the", "rul", "ers", "of", "Gar", "ha", "-", "M", "and", "la", "-", "K", "har", "ji", "(", "14", "40", "–", "14", "60", ")", "G", "or", "ak", "sh", "ad", "as", "(", "14", "60", "–", "14", "80", ")", "Su", "k", "hand", "as", "(", "14", "80", "–", "15", "00", ")", "Ar", "jun", "D", "as", "(", "15", "00", "–", "15", "13", ")", "San", "gram", "Sh", "ah", "also", "known", "as", "A", "man", "d", "as", "(", "15", "13", "–", "15", "43", ")", "D", "al", "pat", "Sh", "ah", "(", "15", "43", "–", "15", "50", ")", "R", "ani", "Dur", "g", "aw", "ati", "(", "15", "50", "–", "15", "64", ")", "Ch", "and", "ra", "Sh", "ah", "(", "15", "66", "–", "15", "76", ")", "Mad", "h", "uk", "ar", "Sh", "ah", "Prem", "N", "ar", "ain", "H", "rid", "ay", "sh", "ah", "(", "16", "34", "–", "16", "68", ")", "Ch", "h", "at", "ra", "Sh", "ah", "(", "16", "68", "–", "16", "85", ")", "K", "es", "ari", "Sh", "ah", "(", "16", "85", "–", "16", "88", ")", "N", "ar", "end", "ra", "Sh", "ah", "(", "16", "88", "–", "17", "32", ")", "Mah", "ar", "aj", "Sh", "ah", "(", "17", "32", "–", "17", "42", ")", "Sh", "iv", "ra", "j", "Sh", "ah", "(", "17", "42", "–", "17", "49", ")", "Dur", "jan", "Sh", "ah", "(", "17", "49", ")", "N", "iz", "am", "Sh", "ah", "(", "17", "49", "–", "17", "76", ")", "N", "ar", "har", "Sh", "ah", "(", "17", "76", "–", "17", "81", ")", "References", "Bibliography", "An", "c", "ient", "emp", "ires", "and", "king", "dom", "s", "of", "India" ]
[ 24627, 27399, 26229, 26514, 16, 24762, 25446, 27399, 26229, 49, 24596, 25403, 24586, 27399, 26229, 29645, 24822, 69, 16, 24625, 24583, 25551, 17, 26757, 17, 26268, 25889, 25784, 24581, 26047, 18, 24805, 24625, 24585, 24818, 25926, 25889, 25784, 24601, 24636, 26409, 24647, 24585, 43, 25112, 24664, 28553, 24596, 28683, 24712, 26302, 24595, 26484, 26047, 24590, 24783, 28601, 18, 25592, 24627, 24818, 43, 25112, 25889, 24595, 27399, 26229, 17, 49, 24596, 25403, 24625, 46, 24614, 24615, 25257, 18, 24736, 25244, 25889, 24942, 24650, 24936, 24599, 24585, 28737, 24610, 24615, 77, 28359, 25837, 87, 24595, 27399, 26229, 17, 49, 24596, 25403, 16, 25072, 28058, 24607, 26245, 24581, 26906, 18, 24627, 27399, 26229, 17, 49, 24596, 25403, 25889, 25784, 24625, 28075, 69, 25734, 29482, 27524, 25551, 79, 24939, 26883, 25030, 24584, 25109, 24612, 24630, 25105, 24862, 29086, 18, 47, 26174, 28529, 12, 25129, 25929, 4992, 25129, 26366, 13, 29710, 24684, 27845, 24596, 24684, 27254, 24951, 25689, 79, 25866, 24594, 12, 25129, 26654, 4992, 25018, 24799, 13, 25922, 28359, 25837, 87, 24581, 24684, 27845, 24596, 28994, 18, 24627, 25889, 25784, 91, 24598, 26060, 24588, 26996, 24630, 26201, 29622, 25016, 24585, 29086, 24595, 25740, 25373, 24950, 24966, 16, 24585, 27401, 24580, 25889, 16, 24736, 29181, 27789, 26208, 25692, 50, 25425, 27015, 27727, 16, 38, 28912, 24591, 16, 55, 24638, 24592, 16, 28681, 83, 76, 24596, 25066, 24595, 24585, 27883, 26017, 69, 28480, 87, 18, 24736, 24652, 24715, 25351, 28774, 28850, 25446, 27399, 76, 87, 24601, 24740, 25010, 25115, 24596, 25109, 24612, 24630, 24688, 24684, 25771, 24584, 29482, 18, 24627, 24698, 24714, 24638, 86, 76, 27743, 24581, 50, 24592, 25095, 76, 26017, 24625, 25679, 24581, 24585, 26260, 24714, 24595, 24652, 24715, 26205, 28774, 28850, 18, 25740, 25373, 24950, 24966, 24593, 26066, 25137, 24594, 69, 25553, 25617, 24595, 26706, 24596, 29130, 24596, 24607, 24798, 26432, 29859, 24595, 55, 24841, 79, 24773, 18, 54, 24594, 28270, 25225, 27084, 24625, 26084, 24647, 25740, 25373, 24950, 24966, 18, 25867, 25740, 25373, 24950, 24966, 11, 87, 24600, 24761, 16, 24585, 27447, 24595, 27399, 26229, 25889, 25784, 24625, 26215, 26623, 26151, 76, 18, 25496, 25701, 24586, 40, 24591, 25553, 24950, 24966, 16, 24625, 26160, 24601, 54, 26644, 29436, 75, 24766, 27688, 12, 54, 26644, 17, 24715, 25070, 13, 24831, 24625, 69, 24698, 24596, 28350, 28359, 25837, 28346, 25013, 18, 54, 26644, 29436, 75, 24668, 27688, 25804, 24803, 27447, 24601, 24698, 24714, 24638, 24592, 76, 25936, 24598, 24625, 29384, 24720, 25208, 26215, 24586, 26151, 76, 26683, 18, 54, 26644, 29436, 75, 24766, 27688, 25167, 24585, 25889, 25784, 25588, 25930, 24959, 24685, 87, 24726, 24797, 16, 24598, 24625, 25860, 24682, 24585, 24941, 29465, 24862, 27480, 24589, 24581, 27096, 24581, 24803, 24600, 24761, 18, 38, 25022, 27299, 24798, 24615, 16, 24585, 25812, 87, 24886, 24583, 24595, 25893, 26965, 16, 25212, 24614, 24588, 27399, 26229, 24835, 24625, 25649, 24812, 24633, 27387, 24647, 54, 26644, 29436, 75, 24766, 27688, 18, 24627, 25844, 25180, 27355, 24743, 24591, 29911, 28109, 26403, 26171, 24684, 27087, 25121, 24647, 24906, 24744, 29603, 45, 24601, 27075, 24794, 27399, 26229, 24581, 25018, 27649, 18, 24627, 24715, 25070, 25837, 24772, 69, 74, 25092, 24648, 29413, 24985, 24581, 24585, 27474, 24595, 50, 24592, 24840, 77, 28673, 25270, 24607, 24668, 25038, 24767, 25387, 24588, 24596, 24625, 27235, 26959, 18, 25079, 24593, 24600, 25537, 24588, 24594, 69, 25573, 17, 24803, 83, 24734, 24596, 24593, 26043, 28778, 25719, 26836, 24585, 29080, 43, 25112, 91, 25717, 26436, 24647, 24585, 43, 25112, 87, 18, 24627, 27355, 24743, 24702, 28369, 24634, 25203, 24620, 24807, 24643, 93, 24672, 24927, 27996, 16, 25260, 24869, 25080, 16, 27096, 16, 28735, 16, 78, 24774, 25354, 24596, 29297, 27564, 24595, 24909, 24844, 25575, 18, 25302, 25191, 25100, 24595, 27355, 24743, 24591, 29086, 16, 24585, 25889, 25784, 24625, 25448, 25839, 24601, 24698, 24596, 24840, 24950, 24966, 16, 26054, 24951, 24595, 25740, 25373, 24950, 24966, 24596, 26202, 17, 26936, 24595, 40, 24591, 25553, 24950, 24966, 18, 24736, 24625, 29568, 24594, 24585, 25701, 24586, 24595, 54, 26644, 29436, 75, 24668, 27688, 24647, 28109, 26403, 24584, 29774, 24599, 27355, 24743, 24591, 24701, 27611, 24667, 24819, 24596, 24926, 24599, 24975, 24595, 24585, 26151, 24808, 18, 24736, 24625, 27031, 24581, 25701, 24602, 24647, 26431, 76, 25797, 24592, 24950, 24966, 24596, 27683, 50, 24592, 24667, 18, 46, 27100, 78, 26174, 26215, 76, 24595, 25156, 24610, 26229, 24732, 24732, 24581, 24712, 27683, 50, 24592, 24667, 16, 26537, 16, 27355, 24743, 24591, 25033, 25947, 25448, 25839, 24585, 25889, 25784, 24601, 44, 27307, 24632, 24690, 24966, 18, 44, 27307, 24632, 24690, 24966, 25039, 27067, 26187, 24633, 29118, 24651, 24585, 27355, 24743, 24702, 16, 24607, 27862, 26346, 24590, 24585, 24634, 29039, 26906, 24581, 26697, 26766, 24594, 25173, 18, 24736, 25804, 24684, 27447, 24672, 24698, 24714, 24638, 24592, 76, 24601, 27303, 82, 24638, 24592, 24595, 49, 24596, 25403, 25906, 18, 24821, 24691, 24734, 44, 27307, 24632, 24950, 24966, 24625, 24585, 25812, 26432, 25889, 24595, 27399, 26229, 17, 49, 24596, 25403, 18, 25302, 24684, 25303, 16, 25159, 26432, 26730, 24582, 26530, 24596, 26906, 24581, 24664, 24628, 24802, 24625, 26771, 16, 26432, 24633, 24887, 26404, 24599, 24585, 25338, 18, 24805, 24926, 24588, 26630, 24873, 24921, 24595, 24783, 29482, 24596, 24783, 24600, 25232, 25966, 24747, 27862, 24601, 27803, 93, 24894, 24783, 24587, 24635, 24675, 18, 25954, 24595, 24783, 24828, 24711, 25517, 24675, 16, 24585, 43, 25112, 24840, 78, 24594, 24595, 24821, 24776, 24614, 76, 16, 25676, 27617, 24738, 24754, 24595, 24585, 25889, 25784, 11, 87, 24887, 24700, 26060, 27189, 24609, 24601, 24585, 29468, 27355, 24743, 24591, 24652, 27243, 24581, 24585, 25551, 29764, 25087, 24596, 24583, 24687, 92, 24588, 69, 25926, 24791, 24595, 24783, 27789, 26208, 18, 38, 29077, 88, 27412, 24596, 24950, 24966, 16, 24585, 43, 25112, 24840, 28267, 24595, 24821, 24776, 24592, 76, 16, 24625, 24926, 24588, 24585, 25906, 24595, 24779, 24584, 77, 16, 24698, 26798, 77, 16, 40, 24728, 24673, 24591, 24596, 28951, 24841, 24714, 24647, 50, 24592, 24725, 24840, 24950, 24966, 24595, 49, 24596, 25403, 24618, 24684, 25282, 25296, 24585, 24600, 27540, 25044, 52, 29284, 78, 24638, 25523, 25289, 24581, 24585, 25889, 25784, 18, 25920, 24585, 24978, 24595, 27528, 24592, 25075, 24950, 24966, 12, 24940, 27056, 4992, 24940, 28234, 24758, 24585, 25889, 25784, 25605, 25089, 25633, 24767, 24595, 24585, 29221, 28774, 28850, 25605, 24647, 24684, 25353, 24655, 24586, 25740, 25373, 24950, 24966, 18, 24657, 24940, 28234, 16, 52, 26297, 26965, 26358, 25075, 77, 38, 25075, 77, 54, 28584, 26412, 24588, 27399, 76, 17, 49, 24596, 25403, 25635, 24651, 28913, 25075, 77, 24698, 24596, 25234, 24592, 16, 27406, 24595, 24585, 55, 24638, 24592, 24829, 24851, 24594, 24596, 26959, 24585, 26730, 24582, 16, 27528, 24592, 25075, 24950, 24966, 18, 25496, 24951, 16, 24950, 24622, 24840, 78, 26215, 76, 16, 29026, 25396, 24607, 25093, 24748, 24584, 24585, 29450, 24682, 24607, 25084, 27229, 24583, 28152, 29020, 25412, 24595, 24, 80, 29077, 87, 24601, 24585, 24829, 24851, 24594, 18, 27399, 26229, 17, 49, 24596, 25403, 24676, 24609, 25577, 25244, 69, 26661, 25338, 24595, 24585, 55, 24638, 24592, 24829, 24851, 24594, 18, 24657, 24940, 26654, 16, 50, 24592, 26174, 24950, 24966, 24595, 49, 24596, 25403, 24625, 27387, 24647, 24585, 24829, 24851, 69, 25889, 24595, 50, 24638, 26017, 16, 49, 24711, 27593, 28529, 29670, 25285, 24604, 24596, 24583, 24687, 92, 24588, 24585, 27789, 26208, 25426, 24652, 26566, 24599, 26358, 24638, 76, 24590, 25730, 24596, 25191, 24791, 24595, 38, 25866, 25956, 25730, 18, 50, 24592, 26174, 24950, 24966, 11, 87, 25889, 25784, 24625, 28927, 24583, 24687, 92, 24588, 24581, 24940, 29865, 24647, 24585, 55, 24638, 24592, 24829, 24851, 24594, 24596, 24607, 24625, 26171, 24601, 24878, 24725, 24585, 25448, 24595, 24684, 26346, 24590, 28041, 24615, 25257, 26683, 24581, 55, 29015, 24586, 18, 24627, 27905, 24619, 24982, 24776, 24641, 29448, 42, 25455, 87, 25724, 24589, 17, 6, 24657, 24940, 29865, 24585, 25812, 43, 25112, 26730, 24582, 24595, 49, 24596, 25403, 16, 50, 24592, 26174, 24950, 24966, 16, 24625, 88, 24996, 25638, 24601, 25303, 24647, 24585, 24829, 24851, 69, 26139, 26036, 25075, 77, 16, 24596, 49, 24596, 25403, 25244, 69, 25836, 26322, 24595, 24585, 55, 29015, 24586, 24829, 24851, 24594, 18, 24657, 27682, 29, 49, 24596, 25403, 29161, 24601, 24585, 29670, 25285, 25403, 25889, 24595, 50, 24638, 26017, 16, 88, 24689, 24581, 24722, 24722, 24585, 25320, 25676, 24752, 24596, 24732, 29047, 24585, 29086, 24762, 24752, 49, 24596, 25403, 25215, 25302, 81, 24851, 24657, 24722, 24940, 16, 49, 24596, 25403, 26206, 25016, 25320, 29086, 25104, 24585, 29827, 25927, 25169, 17, 24829, 24851, 69, 25209, 18, 24950, 25358, 24592, 24950, 24966, 16, 69, 84, 27596, 24582, 24595, 24585, 25320, 16, 24893, 71, 24725, 24609, 24595, 24585, 24840, 78, 24594, 24595, 27399, 26229, 17, 49, 24596, 25403, 24596, 24684, 24951, 54, 24638, 28090, 24851, 24950, 24966, 24747, 29834, 24595, 69, 24659, 24643, 24601, 28017, 24585, 25407, 28857, 24595, 46, 24662, 24591, 26017, 25104, 24585, 24693, 25561, 88, 24595, 26186, 27, 24596, 24747, 27066, 24588, 24647, 25237, 24639, 24599, 24672, 69, 26895, 24581, 46, 24662, 24591, 26017, 18, 25971, 25644, 81, 24595, 43, 25112, 91, 25717, 25461, 25056, 24752, 69, 25702, 25187, 25394, 24581, 25236, 27920, 16, 24585, 25423, 25132, 27089, 24678, 24595, 69, 24664, 25394, 24844, 24738, 80, 24602, 25659, 24715, 24679, 24599, 24748, 24586, 25548, 24909, 24844, 25575, 24808, 24948, 26771, 24581, 28538, 25274, 28869, 24794, 16, 25379, 24581, 24585, 25631, 24596, 24581, 25050, 25564, 18, 24657, 24585, 27641, 28011, 29182, 24929, 24584, 24927, 26666, 24692, 16, 72, 29597, 25033, 29664, 24833, 24920, 24948, 28610, 18, 27238, 24783, 29643, 24808, 27093, 29503, 24633, 24606, 24914, 25172, 24978, 16, 25201, 26744, 25160, 27749, 25411, 77, 24833, 24584, 24927, 26666, 24692, 16, 25260, 24585, 25043, 24595, 24604, 24584, 24734, 24912, 24590, 25224, 26273, 24633, 25896, 24594, 90, 93, 224, 80, 24594, 24586, 93, 224, 80, 266, 87, 16, 24596, 24585, 27577, 24626, 24595, 24858, 74, 24738, 29105, 24912, 24590, 25224, 25137, 26383, 24633, 24594, 81, 24700, 24592, 24594, 24581, 25221, 26421, 25729, 18, 24657, 25236, 26047, 16, 24585, 25148, 24580, 24595, 24585, 74, 24738, 29105, 26030, 24850, 26474, 24591, 25446, 24585, 313, 24592, 24662, 26229, 28362, 24927, 24634, 24638, 25527, 29272, 26629, 18, 61, 24645, 16, 24585, 25672, 25603, 29344, 24595, 69, 80, 24602, 26532, 24586, 25044, 24752, 24748, 24586, 25060, 24909, 24844, 25575, 24625, 26117, 28759, 25878, 24740, 26864, 25686, 25880, 27457, 28538, 25274, 28275, 24618, 26207, 26000, 87, 24596, 26872, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 43, 25112, 91, 25717, 26514, 28850, 16, 25319, 24995, 77, 28850, 28556, 25142, 24585, 27370, 26796, 24580, 24596, 24620, 25519, 25070, 24580, 24804, 28620, 28541, 24927, 25833, 24626, 24584, 24862, 26403, 70, 24785, 87, 24596, 29778, 26308, 18, 26751, 24664, 24616, 24599, 24585, 25838, 24595, 24927, 25423, 25132, 26666, 24692, 18, 29016, 24626, 29016, 24626, 24595, 43, 25112, 91, 25717, 24625, 28059, 27016, 25719, 18, 24627, 25889, 25784, 24625, 28887, 25000, 26151, 76, 16, 25703, 26151, 76, 24625, 29076, 24588, 24647, 26738, 43, 25112, 24691, 24583, 18, 25111, 24625, 26629, 28887, 25000, 27278, 24595, 29816, 29721, 25446, 24610, 24714, 24594, 77, 18, 24627, 24610, 24714, 24594, 77, 24625, 26629, 25097, 28887, 25000, 26403, 76, 26392, 24763, 24686, 25167, 24772, 24595, 25074, 29721, 25703, 18, 29073, 27399, 76, 24595, 43, 25112, 91, 25717, 25831, 24595, 54, 24649, 24629, 24627, 25528, 24593, 69, 25432, 24595, 24585, 26730, 24629, 24595, 27399, 26229, 17, 49, 24596, 25403, 17, 47, 26174, 28529, 12, 25129, 25929, 4992, 25129, 26366, 13, 43, 24586, 24700, 24690, 24614, 24594, 12, 25129, 26366, 4992, 25129, 26654, 13, 25689, 79, 25866, 24594, 12, 25129, 26654, 4992, 25018, 24799, 13, 24780, 27631, 40, 24594, 12, 25018, 24799, 4992, 25018, 25143, 13, 25740, 25373, 24950, 24966, 24762, 25137, 24594, 37, 24710, 72, 24594, 12, 25018, 25143, 4992, 25018, 28524, 13, 40, 24591, 25553, 24950, 24966, 12, 25018, 28524, 4992, 25018, 25681, 13, 54, 26644, 29436, 75, 24766, 27688, 12, 25018, 25681, 4992, 25018, 27649, 13, 24698, 24596, 24840, 24950, 24966, 12, 25018, 28145, 4992, 25018, 28509, 13, 26431, 76, 25797, 24592, 24950, 24966, 27683, 50, 24592, 24667, 44, 27307, 24632, 24690, 24966, 12, 25009, 26844, 4992, 25009, 28950, 13, 24698, 76, 24590, 24840, 24950, 24966, 12, 25009, 28950, 4992, 25009, 28593, 13, 47, 24589, 26586, 24950, 24966, 12, 25009, 28593, 4992, 25009, 28067, 13, 50, 24592, 24725, 24840, 24950, 24966, 12, 25009, 28067, 4992, 24940, 27056, 13, 27528, 24592, 25075, 24950, 24966, 12, 24940, 27056, 4992, 24940, 28234, 13, 24950, 24622, 24840, 78, 24950, 24966, 12, 24940, 28234, 4992, 24940, 27461, 13, 29436, 29324, 24950, 24966, 12, 24940, 27461, 13, 50, 24782, 24611, 24950, 24966, 12, 24940, 27461, 4992, 24940, 28509, 13, 50, 24592, 26174, 24950, 24966, 12, 24940, 28509, 4992, 24940, 29865, 13, 24838, 29100, 24800, 71, 25397, 26251, 28849, 24596, 25889, 25784, 87, 24595, 26047 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
66108247
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Story-Teller%20...%20A%20Session%20with%20Charles%20Laughton
The Story-Teller ... A Session with Charles Laughton
The Story-Teller ... A Session with Charles Laughton is a spoken word double album by Charles Laughton. The material was recorded in 1955 as part of Laughton's one-man shows, but it was not released until January 1962. The double album was produced by Bill Miller and issued by Capitol Records (catalog number TBO 1650). Laughton died in December 1962 and, in May 1963, posthumously received the Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for the album. Track listing Side A Introduction to Act I, including the Goldsteins and Margaret O'Brien stories (4:23) Poetry: The Rabbit - The Horse (1:26) From The Dharma Bums by Jack Kerouac (3:52) Henry Moore (2:08) Chartres Cathedral story (8:54) Psalm 104 (2:58) Side B From Julius Caesar by Shakespeare (19:39) Side C Introduction to Act II, including green elephants and moon space-suit stories (2:15) Shaw's aphorisms (0:37) From Major Barbara by George Bernard Shaw (12:24) From The Phaedrus by Plato (translated by Christopher Isherwood) (9:02) Side D The Fiery Furnace (8:58) Carl Milles letter (9:23) Waculla Springs story (6:11) References 1961 albums 1960s spoken word albums Works by Charles Laughton
[ "The", "St", "ory", "-", "T", "eller", "...", "A", "S", "ession", "with", "Charles", "L", "augh", "ton", "is", "a", "sp", "ok", "en", "word", "double", "album", "by", "Charles", "L", "augh", "ton", ".", "The", "material", "was", "recorded", "in", "1955", "as", "part", "of", "L", "augh", "ton", "'", "s", "one", "-", "man", "shows", ",", "but", "it", "was", "not", "released", "until", "January", "1962", ".", "The", "double", "album", "was", "produced", "by", "Bill", "Miller", "and", "issued", "by", "Cap", "it", "ol", "Records", "(", "c", "atal", "og", "number", "T", "B", "O", "16", "50", ").", "L", "augh", "ton", "died", "in", "December", "1962", "and", ",", "in", "May", "1963", ",", "pos", "th", "um", "ously", "received", "the", "Gr", "am", "my", "Award", "for", "Best", "Sp", "ok", "en", "W", "ord", "Album", "for", "the", "album", ".", "Track", "listing", "S", "ide", "A", "In", "t", "rodu", "ction", "to", "Act", "I", ",", "including", "the", "Gold", "ste", "ins", "and", "Mar", "gar", "et", "O", "'", "Br", "ien", "stories", "(", "4", ":", "23", ")", "Po", "et", "ry", ":", "The", "R", "ab", "bit", "-", "The", "Hor", "se", "(", "1", ":", "26", ")", "From", "The", "D", "h", "arm", "a", "B", "ums", "by", "Jack", "Ker", "ou", "ac", "(", "3", ":", "52", ")", "Henry", "Mo", "ore", "(", "2", ":", "08", ")", "Char", "tr", "es", "Ca", "thedr", "al", "story", "(", "8", ":", "54", ")", "P", "sal", "m", "10", "4", "(", "2", ":", "58", ")", "S", "ide", "B", "From", "Jul", "ius", "Ca", "es", "ar", "by", "Sh", "akes", "pe", "are", "(", "19", ":", "39", ")", "S", "ide", "C", "In", "t", "rodu", "ction", "to", "Act", "II", ",", "including", "green", "ele", "ph", "ants", "and", "m", "oon", "space", "-", "suit", "stories", "(", "2", ":", "15", ")", "Sh", "aw", "'", "s", "ap", "hor", "ism", "s", "(", "0", ":", "37", ")", "From", "Major", "Bar", "b", "ara", "by", "George", "Bern", "ard", "Sh", "aw", "(", "12", ":", "24", ")", "From", "The", "Ph", "a", "ed", "r", "us", "by", "Pl", "ato", "(", "transl", "ated", "by", "Chris", "top", "her", "I", "sh", "er", "wood", ")", "(", "9", ":", "0", "2", ")", "S", "ide", "D", "The", "F", "ier", "y", "F", "urn", "ace", "(", "8", ":", "58", ")", "Carl", "Mill", "es", "letter", "(", "9", ":", "23", ")", "W", "ac", "ul", "la", "S", "pr", "ings", "story", "(", "6", ":", "11", ")", "References", "1961", "albums", "1960s", "sp", "ok", "en", "word", "albums", "Works", "by", "Charles", "L", "augh", "ton" ]
[ 24627, 24709, 24817, 17, 56, 29845, 26909, 37, 55, 28490, 24651, 26500, 48, 25634, 24915, 24593, 69, 24878, 24834, 24587, 26809, 28605, 25174, 24647, 26500, 48, 25634, 24915, 18, 24627, 28177, 24625, 26507, 24581, 28046, 24594, 24791, 24595, 48, 25634, 24915, 11, 87, 24748, 17, 24710, 27023, 16, 24835, 24598, 24625, 24809, 25385, 25359, 25352, 27693, 18, 24627, 28605, 25174, 24625, 26073, 24647, 26684, 29853, 24596, 28380, 24647, 26010, 24598, 24612, 26545, 12, 71, 27293, 24776, 25387, 56, 38, 51, 25009, 25681, 24874, 48, 25634, 24915, 25727, 24581, 25422, 27693, 24596, 16, 24581, 25176, 27703, 16, 24936, 24580, 24656, 28667, 25774, 24585, 25014, 24611, 25148, 25482, 24618, 26279, 25175, 24834, 24587, 59, 24750, 28343, 24618, 24585, 25174, 18, 28186, 29009, 55, 24814, 37, 24657, 88, 26211, 24768, 24601, 25928, 45, 16, 25260, 24585, 26567, 25541, 25080, 24596, 24829, 26151, 24645, 51, 11, 24980, 25827, 28795, 12, 24, 30, 25217, 13, 26077, 24645, 25064, 30, 24627, 54, 24662, 27529, 17, 24627, 27673, 24620, 12, 21, 30, 25552, 13, 26228, 24627, 40, 76, 25425, 69, 38, 28138, 24647, 27582, 29712, 24603, 24616, 12, 23, 30, 28774, 13, 26841, 25721, 24806, 12, 22, 30, 29730, 13, 25627, 24664, 24589, 27875, 29926, 24591, 26241, 12, 28, 30, 28918, 13, 52, 27607, 81, 24975, 24, 12, 22, 30, 27919, 13, 55, 24814, 38, 26228, 27661, 26161, 27875, 24589, 24592, 24647, 24950, 25883, 24678, 24686, 12, 24617, 30, 27011, 13, 55, 24814, 39, 24657, 88, 26211, 24768, 24601, 25928, 25205, 16, 25260, 28547, 24909, 24844, 25575, 24596, 81, 27095, 27138, 17, 28313, 28795, 12, 22, 30, 25018, 13, 24950, 24766, 11, 87, 24654, 26623, 25284, 87, 12, 20, 30, 26780, 13, 26228, 27449, 25497, 70, 25956, 24647, 26026, 28128, 24695, 24950, 24766, 12, 25074, 30, 25384, 13, 26228, 24627, 25218, 69, 24588, 86, 24640, 24647, 25123, 26910, 12, 27301, 24712, 24647, 27329, 25318, 24803, 45, 24690, 24582, 25917, 13, 12, 29, 30, 20, 22, 13, 55, 24814, 40, 24627, 42, 25092, 93, 42, 24935, 24852, 12, 28, 30, 27919, 13, 28622, 26843, 24589, 28679, 12, 29, 30, 25217, 13, 59, 24616, 24649, 25403, 55, 24666, 24939, 26241, 12, 26, 30, 25267, 13, 24838, 27802, 26451, 28643, 24878, 24834, 24587, 26809, 26451, 28835, 24647, 26500, 48, 25634, 24915 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
72475585
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh%20Tax%20Acts%20etc.%20%28Power%20to%20Modify%29%20Act%202022
Welsh Tax Acts etc. (Power to Modify) Act 2022
The Welsh Tax Acts etc. (Power to Modify) Act 2022 () is an Act of Senedd Cymru which allows Welsh ministers to amend tax law using regulatory powers. The Tax Acts in question are the Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016, the Land Transaction Tax and Anti-avoidance of Devolved Taxes (Wales) Act 2017, and the Landfill Disposals Tax (Wales) Act 2017. It was introduced by Rebecca Evans, the Finance and Local Government minister in the Welsh government, on 13 December 2021. It was passed by Senedd Cymru on 12 July 2022 and came into effect on 9 September 2022, the day after it received Royal Assent. Provisions Amending powers The Act allows Welsh ministers to amend the Welsh Tax Acts using regulatory powers for any of the following purposes: Making sure that the Landfill Disposals Tax or the Land Transaction Tax (the Welsh equivalents of landfill tax and stamp duty) are not levied in instances which would be incompatible with any of the United Kingdom's international obligations Protecting against tax avoidance in relation to the Landfill Disposals Tax or the Land Transaction Tax Responding to changes in the landfill tax and stamp duty (taxes set in Westminster which do not apply to Wales) if those changes could affect the amount paid to the Welsh Consolidated Fund Responding to court rulings which could affect the operation or regulations of any of the Welsh Tax Acts Certain parts of the Tax Acts are not allowed to be modified using the powers in the Act. These include: Part 2 of the Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016 (which established and gave powers to the Welsh Revenue Authority) Any regulations made under provisions of the Land Transaction Tax and Anti-avoidance of Devolved Taxes (Wales) Act 2017 which relate to tax rates for the Land Transaction Tax Any regulations made under provisions of the Landfill Disposals Tax (Wales) Act 2017 which relate to tax rates for the Landfill Disposals Tax The Act also regulates the process by which ministers can make amendments which have retrospective effect; ministers have to make a statement to Senedd Cymru and the amendment cannot apply retrospectively to any time before the statement was made. Ministers cannot retrospectively impose penalties or extend liabilities to a penalty, cannot relate to investigation of criminal offences, and cannot change the procedure by which Senedd Cymru makes statutory instruments under the Tax Acts. The Welsh government was required to publish a statement of their policy on making regulations with retrospective effect within three months of the Act gaining Royal Assent. The policy statement was published on 24 October 2022. The policy statement may be revised, but any revision must also be published. Statutory instruments made under the amending powers in this Act must have the approval of Senedd Cymru or, if urgent, must be approved within 60 days of the day on which they were made. If they are not approved within the time period, then they expire; if an approval motion fails to pass the Senedd, the instrument expires at the end of the day of the vote. Any tax liabilities or other changes which occurred while expired regulations were in effect, and would not have occurred but for the regulations, are deemed to have never occurred. Review and sunset clause The Act's operation and effectiveness must be reviewed by the Welsh government, and the review must be published within four years of the Act coming into force (i.e. 9 September 2026). The Act also has a sunset clause: the amending powers expire five years after the Act comes into force, although the Welsh government can choose to renew it for one extra term until up to 30 April 2031 using a statutory instrument. The statutory instrument cannot be laid before the Senedd before the government has published their review into the Act, and cannot be approved until after the sunset clause lapses. Timetable Introduction and report stage (Stage 1) The bill was introduced on 13 December 2021 by Rebecca Evans, the Finance and Local Government minister in the Welsh government. Scrutiny by the Finance Committee (composed of Peredur Owen Griffiths, Mike Hedges, Rhianon Passmore and Peter Fox) began on 16 December. Their report was laid before the Senedd on 8 April 2022, with all members except from Peter Fox (the Shadow Minister for Finance) recommending that, once the conclusions of the report had been taken on board, the general principles of the bill be agreed to. Evans responded on behalf of the Welsh government on 11 May, accepting most of the recommendations. Scrutiny by the Legislation, Justice and Constitution Committee (formed of Huw Irranca-Davies, Alun Davies, Rhys ab Owen and Peter Fox) also resulted in a report published on the same day. The report was critical of the legislative approach of the Welsh government, specifically the inclusion of 'Henry VIII powers' enabling minister to amend existing primary legislation with secondary legislation, which the committee said would be "contrary to established parliamentary practice and principles associated with good law-making". The report concluded that the bill was not "an appropriate legislative vehicle" to make the needed changes and that amendments through primary legislation would be preferable, and recommended that the government table amendments to include a sunset clause before July 2027 and a statutory review within two years, as well as changing and clarifying specific parts of the bill. The recommendations on a sunset clause and statutory review were accepted in principle by the government, but the timings were increased. In a plenary session of the Senedd on 26 April, the general principles of the bill were accepted with 27 members voting for, 26 against, and one abstaining. The motion to agree to the financial resolution in relation to the bill also passed by the same margins. Committee consideration of amendments (Stage 2) On 28 April, the Welsh government tabled an amendment to restrict the power to introduce changes with retrospective effect. A further five government amendments were tabled on 27 May. Llyr Gruffydd tabled seven amendments all supported by Peter Fox and Fox tabled eight amendments all supported by Gruffydd. In the Finance Committee session on 9 June, all of the government amendments were accepted; all of the amendments proposed by Gruffydd or Fox were either rejected or not moved. Senedd passage (Stages 3 & 4) The amendments were then voted on in a plenary session of the Senedd on 5 July, and the bill was approved a final time on 12 July. The bill was given Royal Assent on 8 September, notably the day on which Elizabeth II died. Responses The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW) supported the "policy purpose behind the Bill" but criticised that amendments would be made through secondary legislation rather than primary legislation, saying there was "a danger of a lack of proper scrutiny". See also List of Acts of Senedd Cymru from 2022 Notes References Tax legislation in the United Kingdom Taxation in Wales Acts of Senedd Cymru 2022 in British law 2022 in Wales
[ "The", "Wel", "sh", "Tax", "Act", "s", "et", "c", ".", "(", "Power", "to", "Mod", "ify", ")", "Act", "2022", "()", "is", "an", "Act", "of", "Sen", "ed", "d", "Cy", "m", "ru", "which", "allows", "Wel", "sh", "min", "isters", "to", "am", "end", "tax", "law", "using", "reg", "ul", "atory", "p", "owers", ".", "The", "Tax", "Act", "s", "in", "quest", "ion", "are", "the", "Tax", "Col", "lection", "and", "Management", "(", "Wales", ")", "Act", "2016", ",", "the", "Land", "Trans", "action", "Tax", "and", "An", "ti", "-", "avo", "id", "ance", "of", "De", "vol", "ved", "Tax", "es", "(", "Wales", ")", "Act", "2017", ",", "and", "the", "Land", "fill", "Dis", "pos", "als", "Tax", "(", "Wales", ")", "Act", "2017", ".", "It", "was", "introduced", "by", "Re", "bec", "ca", "Ev", "ans", ",", "the", "Fin", "ance", "and", "Loc", "al", "Government", "minister", "in", "the", "Wel", "sh", "government", ",", "on", "13", "December", "2021", ".", "It", "was", "passed", "by", "Sen", "ed", "d", "Cy", "m", "ru", "on", "12", "July", "2022", "and", "came", "into", "effect", "on", "9", "September", "2022", ",", "the", "day", "after", "it", "received", "Royal", "As", "sent", ".", "Pro", "vis", "ions", "Am", "ending", "p", "owers", "The", "Act", "allows", "Wel", "sh", "min", "isters", "to", "am", "end", "the", "Wel", "sh", "Tax", "Act", "s", "using", "reg", "ul", "atory", "p", "owers", "for", "any", "of", "the", "following", "pur", "pos", "es", ":", "M", "aking", "sure", "that", "the", "Land", "fill", "Dis", "pos", "als", "Tax", "or", "the", "Land", "Trans", "action", "Tax", "(", "the", "Wel", "sh", "equ", "ival", "ents", "of", "land", "fill", "tax", "and", "st", "amp", "d", "uty", ")", "are", "not", "le", "v", "ied", "in", "inst", "ances", "which", "would", "be", "in", "comp", "at", "ible", "with", "any", "of", "the", "United", "Kingdom", "'", "s", "international", "ob", "l", "ig", "ations", "Prote", "cting", "against", "tax", "avo", "id", "ance", "in", "relation", "to", "the", "Land", "fill", "Dis", "pos", "als", "Tax", "or", "the", "Land", "Trans", "action", "Tax", "Res", "p", "ond", "ing", "to", "changes", "in", "the", "land", "fill", "tax", "and", "st", "amp", "d", "uty", "(", "tax", "es", "set", "in", "West", "min", "ster", "which", "do", "not", "app", "ly", "to", "Wales", ")", "if", "those", "changes", "could", "af", "fect", "the", "amount", "paid", "to", "the", "Wel", "sh", "Con", "sol", "id", "ated", "F", "und", "Res", "p", "ond", "ing", "to", "court", "rul", "ings", "which", "could", "af", "fect", "the", "operation", "or", "reg", "ulations", "of", "any", "of", "the", "Wel", "sh", "Tax", "Act", "s", "Cer", "tain", "parts", "of", "the", "Tax", "Act", "s", "are", "not", "allowed", "to", "be", "mod", "ified", "using", "the", "p", "owers", "in", "the", "Act", ".", "These", "include", ":", "Part", "2", "of", "the", "Tax", "Col", "lection", "and", "Management", "(", "Wales", ")", "Act", "2016", "(", "which", "established", "and", "gave", "p", "owers", "to", "the", "Wel", "sh", "Re", "venue", "Au", "thor", "ity", ")", "An", "y", "reg", "ulations", "made", "under", "prov", "isions", "of", "the", "Land", "Trans", "action", "Tax", "and", "An", "ti", "-", "avo", "id", "ance", "of", "De", "vol", "ved", "Tax", "es", "(", "Wales", ")", "Act", "2017", "which", "rel", "ate", "to", "tax", "r", "ates", "for", "the", "Land", "Trans", "action", "Tax", "An", "y", "reg", "ulations", "made", "under", "prov", "isions", "of", "the", "Land", "fill", "Dis", "pos", "als", "Tax", "(", "Wales", ")", "Act", "2017", "which", "rel", "ate", "to", "tax", "r", "ates", "for", "the", "Land", "fill", "Dis", "pos", "als", "Tax", "The", "Act", "also", "reg", "ul", "ates", "the", "process", "by", "which", "min", "isters", "can", "make", "am", "end", "ments", "which", "have", "ret", "ro", "spe", "ctive", "effect", ";", "min", "isters", "have", "to", "make", "a", "stat", "ement", "to", "Sen", "ed", "d", "Cy", "m", "ru", "and", "the", "am", "end", "ment", "can", "not", "app", "ly", "ret", "ro", "spect", "ively", "to", "any", "time", "before", "the", "stat", "ement", "was", "made", ".", "Min", "isters", "can", "not", "ret", "ro", "spect", "ively", "im", "pose", "pen", "al", "ties", "or", "ext", "end", "li", "ab", "ilities", "to", "a", "pen", "alty", ",", "can", "not", "rel", "ate", "to", "investig", "ation", "of", "crimin", "al", "off", "ences", ",", "and", "can", "not", "change", "the", "pro", "ced", "ure", "by", "which", "Sen", "ed", "d", "Cy", "m", "ru", "makes", "stat", "ut", "ory", "instr", "uments", "under", "the", "Tax", "Act", "s", ".", "The", "Wel", "sh", "government", "was", "required", "to", "publish", "a", "stat", "ement", "of", "their", "policy", "on", "making", "reg", "ulations", "with", "ret", "ro", "spe", "ctive", "effect", "within", "three", "months", "of", "the", "Act", "g", "aining", "Royal", "As", "sent", ".", "The", "policy", "stat", "ement", "was", "published", "on", "24", "October", "2022", ".", "The", "policy", "stat", "ement", "may", "be", "re", "vised", ",", "but", "any", "re", "vision", "must", "also", "be", "published", ".", "Stat", "ut", "ory", "instr", "uments", "made", "under", "the", "am", "ending", "p", "owers", "in", "this", "Act", "must", "have", "the", "ap", "prov", "al", "of", "Sen", "ed", "d", "Cy", "m", "ru", "or", ",", "if", "ur", "gent", ",", "must", "be", "ap", "proved", "within", "60", "days", "of", "the", "day", "on", "which", "they", "were", "made", ".", "If", "they", "are", "not", "ap", "proved", "within", "the", "time", "period", ",", "then", "they", "exp", "ire", ";", "if", "an", "ap", "prov", "al", "mot", "ion", "fail", "s", "to", "pass", "the", "Sen", "ed", "d", ",", "the", "instrument", "exp", "ires", "at", "the", "end", "of", "the", "day", "of", "the", "vote", ".", "An", "y", "tax", "li", "ab", "ilities", "or", "other", "changes", "which", "occurred", "while", "exp", "ired", "reg", "ulations", "were", "in", "effect", ",", "and", "would", "not", "have", "occurred", "but", "for", "the", "reg", "ulations", ",", "are", "de", "em", "ed", "to", "have", "never", "occurred", ".", "Review", "and", "s", "un", "set", "cl", "ause", "The", "Act", "'", "s", "operation", "and", "effect", "iven", "ess", "must", "be", "review", "ed", "by", "the", "Wel", "sh", "government", ",", "and", "the", "review", "must", "be", "published", "within", "four", "years", "of", "the", "Act", "coming", "into", "force", "(", "i", ".", "e", ".", "9", "September", "20", "26", ").", "The", "Act", "also", "has", "a", "s", "un", "set", "cl", "ause", ":", "the", "am", "ending", "p", "owers", "exp", "ire", "five", "years", "after", "the", "Act", "comes", "into", "force", ",", "although", "the", "Wel", "sh", "government", "can", "cho", "ose", "to", "ren", "ew", "it", "for", "one", "ex", "tra", "term", "until", "up", "to", "30", "April", "20", "31", "using", "a", "stat", "ut", "ory", "instrument", ".", "The", "stat", "ut", "ory", "instrument", "can", "not", "be", "l", "aid", "before", "the", "Sen", "ed", "d", "before", "the", "government", "has", "published", "their", "review", "into", "the", "Act", ",", "and", "can", "not", "be", "ap", "proved", "until", "after", "the", "s", "un", "set", "cl", "ause", "l", "aps", "es", ".", "Tim", "et", "able", "In", "t", "rodu", "ction", "and", "report", "stage", "(", "St", "age", "1", ")", "The", "bill", "was", "introduced", "on", "13", "December", "2021", "by", "Re", "bec", "ca", "Ev", "ans", ",", "the", "Fin", "ance", "and", "Loc", "al", "Government", "minister", "in", "the", "Wel", "sh", "government", ".", "S", "cr", "ut", "in", "y", "by", "the", "Fin", "ance", "Committee", "(", "composed", "of", "P", "ered", "ur", "Ow", "en", "Gr", "iff", "ith", "s", ",", "Mike", "H", "ed", "ges", ",", "Rh", "ian", "on", "Pass", "more", "and", "Peter", "Fox", ")", "began", "on", "16", "December", ".", "Their", "report", "was", "l", "aid", "before", "the", "Sen", "ed", "d", "on", "8", "April", "2022", ",", "with", "all", "members", "except", "from", "Peter", "Fox", "(", "the", "S", "had", "ow", "Minister", "for", "Fin", "ance", ")", "recomm", "ending", "that", ",", "once", "the", "concl", "us", "ions", "of", "the", "report", "had", "been", "taken", "on", "board", ",", "the", "general", "princ", "i", "ples", "of", "the", "bill", "be", "agreed", "to", ".", "Ev", "ans", "respond", "ed", "on", "be", "half", "of", "the", "Wel", "sh", "government", "on", "11", "May", ",", "accept", "ing", "most", "of", "the", "recomm", "end", "ations", ".", "S", "cr", "ut", "in", "y", "by", "the", "Legisl", "ation", ",", "Justice", "and", "Con", "stitution", "Committee", "(", "formed", "of", "Hu", "w", "Ir", "ran", "ca", "-", "Dav", "ies", ",", "Al", "un", "Dav", "ies", ",", "R", "hy", "s", "ab", "Ow", "en", "and", "Peter", "Fox", ")", "also", "resulted", "in", "a", "report", "published", "on", "the", "same", "day", ".", "The", "report", "was", "critical", "of", "the", "legisl", "ative", "approach", "of", "the", "Wel", "sh", "government", ",", "spec", "if", "ically", "the", "incl", "usion", "of", "'", "Henry", "V", "III", "p", "owers", "'", "en", "ab", "ling", "minister", "to", "am", "end", "existing", "primary", "legisl", "ation", "with", "secondary", "legisl", "ation", ",", "which", "the", "committee", "said", "would", "be", "\"", "contr", "ary", "to", "established", "parliament", "ary", "practice", "and", "princ", "i", "ples", "associated", "with", "good", "law", "-", "making", "\".", "The", "report", "concl", "uded", "that", "the", "bill", "was", "not", "\"", "an", "appro", "pri", "ate", "legisl", "ative", "veh", "icle", "\"", "to", "make", "the", "needed", "changes", "and", "that", "am", "end", "ments", "through", "primary", "legisl", "ation", "would", "be", "pre", "fer", "able", ",", "and", "recomm", "ended", "that", "the", "government", "table", "am", "end", "ments", "to", "include", "a", "s", "un", "set", "cl", "ause", "before", "July", "20", "27", "and", "a", "stat", "ut", "ory", "review", "within", "two", "years", ",", "as", "well", "as", "chang", "ing", "and", "cl", "ar", "ifying", "specific", "parts", "of", "the", "bill", ".", "The", "recomm", "end", "ations", "on", "a", "s", "un", "set", "cl", "ause", "and", "stat", "ut", "ory", "review", "were", "accepted", "in", "princ", "iple", "by", "the", "government", ",", "but", "the", "tim", "ings", "were", "increased", ".", "In", "a", "pl", "en", "ary", "s", "ession", "of", "the", "Sen", "ed", "d", "on", "26", "April", ",", "the", "general", "princ", "i", "ples", "of", "the", "bill", "were", "accepted", "with", "27", "members", "vot", "ing", "for", ",", "26", "against", ",", "and", "one", "ab", "st", "aining", ".", "The", "mot", "ion", "to", "ag", "ree", "to", "the", "financial", "res", "olution", "in", "relation", "to", "the", "bill", "also", "passed", "by", "the", "same", "m", "arg", "ins", ".", "Committee", "consider", "ation", "of", "am", "end", "ments", "(", "St", "age", "2", ")", "On", "28", "April", ",", "the", "Wel", "sh", "government", "t", "ab", "led", "an", "am", "end", "ment", "to", "rest", "r", "ict", "the", "power", "to", "introdu", "ce", "changes", "with", "ret", "ro", "spe", "ctive", "effect", ".", "A", "further", "five", "government", "am", "end", "ments", "were", "t", "ab", "led", "on", "27", "May", ".", "L", "ly", "r", "Gr", "u", "ff", "y", "d", "d", "t", "ab", "led", "seven", "am", "end", "ments", "all", "supported", "by", "Peter", "Fox", "and", "Fox", "t", "ab", "led", "eight", "am", "end", "ments", "all", "supported", "by", "Gr", "u", "ff", "y", "d", "d", ".", "In", "the", "Fin", "ance", "Committee", "s", "ession", "on", "9", "June", ",", "all", "of", "the", "government", "am", "end", "ments", "were", "accepted", ";", "all", "of", "the", "am", "end", "ments", "proposed", "by", "Gr", "u", "ff", "y", "d", "d", "or", "Fox", "were", "either", "re", "jected", "or", "not", "moved", ".", "Sen", "ed", "d", "pass", "age", "(", "St", "ages", "3", "&", "4", ")", "The", "am", "end", "ments", "were", "then", "voted", "on", "in", "a", "pl", "en", "ary", "s", "ession", "of", "the", "Sen", "ed", "d", "on", "5", "July", ",", "and", "the", "bill", "was", "ap", "proved", "a", "final", "time", "on", "12", "July", ".", "The", "bill", "was", "given", "Royal", "As", "sent", "on", "8", "September", ",", "not", "ably", "the", "day", "on", "which", "Elizabeth", "II", "died", ".", "Res", "p", "ons", "es", "The", "Institute", "of", "Char", "ter", "ed", "Ac", "count", "ants", "in", "England", "and", "Wales", "(", "I", "CA", "E", "W", ")", "supported", "the", "\"", "policy", "purpose", "behind", "the", "Bill", "\"", "but", "critic", "ised", "that", "am", "end", "ments", "would", "be", "made", "through", "secondary", "legisl", "ation", "rather", "than", "primary", "legisl", "ation", ",", "saying", "there", "was", "\"", "a", "d", "anger", "of", "a", "lack", "of", "proper", "scr", "ut", "in", "y", "\".", "See", "also", "List", "of", "Act", "s", "of", "Sen", "ed", "d", "Cy", "m", "ru", "from", "2022", "Notes", "References", "Tax", "legisl", "ation", "in", "the", "United", "Kingdom", "Tax", "ation", "in", "Wales", "Act", "s", "of", "Sen", "ed", "d", "Cy", "m", "ru", "2022", "in", "British", "law", "2022", "in", "Wales" ]
[ 24627, 28397, 24690, 28478, 25928, 87, 24645, 71, 18, 12, 28841, 24601, 27119, 27877, 13, 25928, 25862, 26399, 24593, 24583, 25928, 24595, 26236, 24588, 72, 27357, 81, 26325, 24763, 29775, 28397, 24690, 24931, 28015, 24601, 24611, 24725, 27480, 25539, 25916, 24954, 24649, 26920, 84, 27586, 18, 24627, 28478, 25928, 87, 24581, 27243, 24602, 24686, 24585, 28478, 24997, 26155, 24596, 29753, 12, 27244, 13, 25928, 25600, 16, 24585, 26934, 26781, 26146, 28478, 24596, 24800, 27193, 17, 28387, 24630, 24985, 24595, 24821, 25561, 25501, 28478, 24589, 12, 27244, 13, 25928, 25630, 16, 24596, 24585, 26934, 28252, 26276, 24936, 24702, 28478, 12, 27244, 13, 25928, 25630, 18, 24805, 24625, 27146, 24647, 24693, 24999, 25656, 27156, 24841, 16, 24585, 25975, 24985, 24596, 27770, 24591, 27030, 28021, 24581, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25621, 16, 24584, 25143, 25422, 25785, 18, 24805, 24625, 27951, 24647, 26236, 24588, 72, 27357, 81, 26325, 24584, 25074, 25363, 25862, 24596, 26206, 25000, 26243, 24584, 29, 25322, 25862, 16, 24585, 25058, 24942, 24598, 25774, 26094, 24906, 26171, 18, 25057, 25423, 24921, 25417, 26303, 84, 27586, 24627, 25928, 29775, 28397, 24690, 24931, 28015, 24601, 24611, 24725, 24585, 28397, 24690, 28478, 25928, 87, 25916, 24954, 24649, 26920, 84, 27586, 24618, 24956, 24595, 24585, 25528, 26017, 24936, 24589, 30, 49, 25540, 29722, 24682, 24585, 26934, 28252, 26276, 24936, 24702, 28478, 24586, 24585, 26934, 26781, 26146, 28478, 12, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25999, 25628, 24883, 24595, 24775, 28252, 27480, 24596, 24606, 24832, 72, 28450, 13, 24686, 24809, 24604, 90, 24837, 24581, 26802, 26612, 24763, 25084, 24636, 24581, 24770, 24590, 25569, 24651, 24956, 24595, 24585, 24994, 26514, 11, 87, 26101, 24870, 80, 24628, 24833, 29935, 28827, 25296, 27480, 28387, 24630, 24985, 24581, 27077, 24601, 24585, 26934, 28252, 26276, 24936, 24702, 28478, 24586, 24585, 26934, 26781, 26146, 28478, 25618, 84, 25112, 24599, 24601, 27922, 24581, 24585, 24775, 28252, 27480, 24596, 24606, 24832, 72, 28450, 12, 27480, 24589, 25139, 24581, 25526, 24931, 26044, 24763, 25161, 24809, 26212, 24633, 24601, 27244, 13, 24692, 26055, 27922, 25803, 24744, 25613, 24585, 28901, 29465, 24601, 24585, 28397, 24690, 24924, 25945, 24630, 24712, 42, 25324, 25618, 84, 25112, 24599, 24601, 26906, 26730, 24939, 24763, 25803, 24744, 25613, 24585, 27719, 24586, 24954, 28793, 24595, 24956, 24595, 24585, 28397, 24690, 28478, 25928, 87, 29524, 24967, 27285, 24595, 24585, 28478, 25928, 87, 24686, 24809, 27702, 24601, 24636, 25357, 25798, 25916, 24585, 84, 27586, 24581, 24585, 25928, 18, 26370, 25915, 30, 25593, 22, 24595, 24585, 28478, 24997, 26155, 24596, 29753, 12, 27244, 13, 25928, 25600, 12, 24763, 25572, 24596, 26971, 84, 27586, 24601, 24585, 28397, 24690, 24693, 27296, 25085, 25649, 24683, 13, 24800, 93, 24954, 28793, 25167, 25016, 25086, 28018, 24595, 24585, 26934, 26781, 26146, 28478, 24596, 24800, 27193, 17, 28387, 24630, 24985, 24595, 24821, 25561, 25501, 28478, 24589, 12, 27244, 13, 25928, 25630, 24763, 25050, 24688, 24601, 27480, 86, 24855, 24618, 24585, 26934, 26781, 26146, 28478, 24800, 93, 24954, 28793, 25167, 25016, 25086, 28018, 24595, 24585, 26934, 28252, 26276, 24936, 24702, 28478, 12, 27244, 13, 25928, 25630, 24763, 25050, 24688, 24601, 27480, 86, 24855, 24618, 24585, 26934, 28252, 26276, 24936, 24702, 28478, 24627, 25928, 24762, 24954, 24649, 24855, 24585, 26256, 24647, 24763, 24931, 28015, 24995, 26127, 24611, 24725, 25272, 24763, 24920, 25055, 24619, 24947, 27767, 26243, 31, 24931, 28015, 24920, 24601, 26127, 69, 25981, 25138, 24601, 26236, 24588, 72, 27357, 81, 26325, 24596, 24585, 24611, 24725, 24718, 24995, 24809, 26212, 24633, 25055, 24619, 29234, 26029, 24601, 24956, 24978, 25327, 24585, 25981, 25138, 24625, 25167, 18, 25507, 28015, 24995, 24809, 25055, 24619, 29234, 26029, 24634, 27972, 25863, 24591, 26797, 24586, 25588, 24725, 24952, 24662, 26981, 24601, 69, 25863, 29512, 16, 24995, 24809, 25050, 24688, 24601, 27574, 24626, 24595, 28365, 24591, 24894, 27217, 16, 24596, 24995, 24809, 26298, 24585, 24685, 24926, 24794, 24647, 24763, 26236, 24588, 72, 27357, 81, 26325, 28787, 25981, 24660, 24817, 28099, 27608, 25016, 24585, 28478, 25928, 87, 18, 24627, 28397, 24690, 25621, 24625, 27957, 24601, 27965, 69, 25981, 25138, 24595, 24862, 28375, 24584, 26521, 24954, 28793, 24651, 25055, 24619, 24947, 27767, 26243, 25880, 25151, 26969, 24595, 24585, 25928, 75, 28403, 26094, 24906, 26171, 18, 24627, 28375, 25981, 25138, 24625, 25728, 24584, 25384, 25336, 25862, 18, 24627, 28375, 25981, 25138, 25345, 24636, 24600, 29550, 16, 24835, 24956, 24600, 25390, 27139, 24762, 24636, 25728, 18, 28749, 24660, 24817, 28099, 27608, 25167, 25016, 24585, 24611, 26303, 84, 27586, 24581, 24927, 25928, 27139, 24920, 24585, 24654, 25086, 24591, 24595, 26236, 24588, 72, 27357, 81, 26325, 24586, 16, 24692, 24615, 27131, 16, 27139, 24636, 24654, 27260, 25880, 26366, 26346, 24595, 24585, 25058, 24584, 24763, 25002, 24747, 25167, 18, 27745, 25002, 24686, 24809, 24654, 27260, 25880, 24585, 24978, 26000, 16, 25115, 25002, 26201, 24792, 31, 24692, 24583, 24654, 25086, 24591, 26666, 24602, 26743, 87, 24601, 25565, 24585, 26236, 24588, 72, 16, 24585, 29545, 26201, 28849, 24590, 24585, 24725, 24595, 24585, 25058, 24595, 24585, 28191, 18, 24800, 93, 27480, 24952, 24662, 26981, 24586, 24858, 27922, 24763, 29560, 25293, 26201, 25530, 24954, 28793, 24747, 24581, 26243, 16, 24596, 25084, 24809, 24920, 29560, 24835, 24618, 24585, 24954, 28793, 16, 24686, 24650, 24635, 24588, 24601, 24920, 26908, 29560, 18, 29013, 24596, 87, 24631, 25139, 24691, 25510, 24627, 25928, 11, 87, 27719, 24596, 26243, 25894, 24676, 27139, 24636, 26526, 24588, 24647, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25621, 16, 24596, 24585, 26526, 27139, 24636, 25728, 25880, 25253, 25100, 24595, 24585, 25928, 26469, 25000, 27158, 12, 77, 18, 73, 18, 29, 25322, 24623, 25552, 24874, 24627, 25928, 24762, 24808, 69, 87, 24631, 25139, 24691, 25510, 30, 24585, 24611, 26303, 84, 27586, 26201, 24792, 25842, 25100, 24942, 24585, 25928, 27130, 25000, 27158, 16, 26893, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25621, 24995, 24872, 25307, 24601, 26183, 24774, 24598, 24618, 24748, 24707, 26467, 26334, 25359, 24772, 24601, 25402, 25381, 24623, 26156, 25916, 69, 25981, 24660, 24817, 29545, 18, 24627, 25981, 24660, 24817, 29545, 24995, 24809, 24636, 80, 25282, 25327, 24585, 26236, 24588, 72, 25327, 24585, 25621, 24808, 25728, 24862, 26526, 25000, 24585, 25928, 16, 24596, 24995, 24809, 24636, 24654, 27260, 25359, 24942, 24585, 87, 24631, 25139, 24691, 25510, 80, 27152, 24589, 18, 27672, 24645, 24914, 24657, 88, 26211, 24768, 24596, 27632, 26756, 12, 24709, 24754, 21, 13, 24627, 27154, 24625, 27146, 24584, 25143, 25422, 25785, 24647, 24693, 24999, 25656, 27156, 24841, 16, 24585, 25975, 24985, 24596, 27770, 24591, 27030, 28021, 24581, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25621, 18, 55, 24810, 24660, 24581, 93, 24647, 24585, 25975, 24985, 27255, 12, 28429, 24595, 52, 25351, 24615, 29440, 24587, 25014, 26925, 24642, 87, 16, 28725, 44, 24588, 26182, 16, 27772, 24669, 24584, 29074, 25060, 24596, 26638, 29382, 13, 25623, 24584, 25009, 25422, 18, 28306, 27632, 24625, 80, 25282, 25327, 24585, 26236, 24588, 72, 24584, 28, 25381, 25862, 16, 24651, 24663, 25622, 28677, 24672, 26638, 29382, 12, 24585, 55, 24798, 24639, 26785, 24618, 25975, 24985, 13, 29839, 26303, 24682, 16, 26995, 24585, 28180, 24640, 24921, 24595, 24585, 27632, 24798, 24948, 26846, 24584, 26107, 16, 24585, 26139, 27732, 77, 26814, 24595, 24585, 27154, 24636, 29281, 24601, 18, 27156, 24841, 27642, 24588, 24584, 24636, 26202, 24595, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25621, 24584, 25267, 25176, 16, 29774, 24599, 25066, 24595, 24585, 29839, 24725, 24833, 18, 55, 24810, 24660, 24581, 93, 24647, 24585, 28979, 24626, 16, 28676, 24596, 24924, 27486, 27255, 12, 25648, 24595, 26998, 91, 26287, 24771, 25656, 17, 25735, 24675, 16, 24788, 24631, 25735, 24675, 16, 54, 25017, 87, 24662, 29440, 24587, 24596, 26638, 29382, 13, 24762, 29699, 24581, 69, 27632, 25728, 24584, 24585, 25515, 25058, 18, 24627, 27632, 24625, 29609, 24595, 24585, 28112, 25077, 27784, 24595, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25621, 16, 25114, 24692, 25686, 24585, 24892, 27879, 24595, 11, 26841, 58, 27108, 84, 27586, 11, 24587, 24662, 25632, 28021, 24601, 24611, 24725, 29837, 27592, 28112, 24626, 24651, 29604, 28112, 24626, 16, 24763, 24585, 29250, 25860, 25084, 24636, 6, 25216, 24713, 24601, 25572, 29245, 24713, 27992, 24596, 27732, 77, 26814, 27948, 24651, 26663, 25539, 17, 26521, 25157, 24627, 27632, 28180, 29317, 24682, 24585, 27154, 24625, 24809, 6, 24583, 26021, 27502, 24688, 28112, 25077, 27793, 26602, 6, 24601, 26127, 24585, 29501, 27922, 24596, 24682, 24611, 24725, 25272, 25172, 27592, 28112, 24626, 25084, 24636, 24970, 24720, 24914, 16, 24596, 29839, 25396, 24682, 24585, 25621, 28356, 24611, 24725, 25272, 24601, 25915, 69, 87, 24631, 25139, 24691, 25510, 25327, 25363, 24623, 25563, 24596, 69, 25981, 24660, 24817, 26526, 25880, 24907, 25100, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 26092, 24599, 24596, 24691, 24592, 28421, 28162, 27285, 24595, 24585, 27154, 18, 24627, 29839, 24725, 24833, 24584, 69, 87, 24631, 25139, 24691, 25510, 24596, 25981, 24660, 24817, 26526, 24747, 29403, 24581, 27732, 26652, 24647, 24585, 25621, 16, 24835, 24585, 26951, 24939, 24747, 28151, 18, 24657, 69, 24659, 24587, 24713, 87, 28490, 24595, 24585, 26236, 24588, 72, 24584, 25552, 25381, 16, 24585, 26139, 27732, 77, 26814, 24595, 24585, 27154, 24747, 29403, 24651, 25563, 25622, 26069, 24599, 24618, 16, 25552, 25296, 16, 24596, 24748, 24662, 24606, 28403, 18, 24627, 26666, 24602, 24601, 24638, 24846, 24601, 24585, 28489, 24753, 28585, 24581, 27077, 24601, 24585, 27154, 24762, 27951, 24647, 24585, 25515, 81, 25135, 25080, 18, 27255, 28482, 24626, 24595, 24611, 24725, 25272, 12, 24709, 24754, 22, 13, 24964, 25555, 25381, 16, 24585, 28397, 24690, 25621, 88, 24662, 25121, 24583, 24611, 24725, 24718, 24601, 25448, 86, 24847, 24585, 25844, 24601, 26335, 24648, 27922, 24651, 25055, 24619, 24947, 27767, 26243, 18, 37, 26629, 25842, 25621, 24611, 24725, 25272, 24747, 88, 24662, 25121, 24584, 25563, 25176, 18, 48, 24633, 86, 25014, 89, 25078, 93, 72, 72, 88, 24662, 25121, 26564, 24611, 24725, 25272, 24663, 28205, 24647, 26638, 29382, 24596, 29382, 88, 24662, 25121, 26875, 24611, 24725, 25272, 24663, 28205, 24647, 25014, 89, 25078, 93, 72, 72, 18, 24657, 24585, 25975, 24985, 27255, 87, 28490, 24584, 29, 25347, 16, 24663, 24595, 24585, 25621, 24611, 24725, 25272, 24747, 29403, 31, 24663, 24595, 24585, 24611, 24725, 25272, 28578, 24647, 25014, 89, 25078, 93, 72, 72, 24586, 29382, 24747, 27360, 24600, 29202, 24586, 24809, 25804, 18, 26236, 24588, 72, 25565, 24754, 12, 24709, 25434, 23, 10, 24, 13, 24627, 24611, 24725, 25272, 24747, 25115, 29459, 24584, 24581, 69, 24659, 24587, 24713, 87, 28490, 24595, 24585, 26236, 24588, 72, 24584, 25, 25363, 16, 24596, 24585, 27154, 24625, 24654, 27260, 69, 25738, 24978, 24584, 25074, 25363, 18, 24627, 27154, 24625, 26207, 26094, 24906, 26171, 24584, 28, 25322, 16, 24809, 26729, 24585, 25058, 24584, 24763, 28771, 25205, 25727, 18, 25618, 84, 25285, 24589, 24627, 26634, 24595, 25627, 24621, 24588, 25275, 27272, 25575, 24581, 25921, 24596, 27244, 12, 45, 26125, 41, 59, 13, 28205, 24585, 6, 28375, 29619, 27606, 24585, 26684, 6, 24835, 27234, 25719, 24682, 24611, 24725, 25272, 25084, 24636, 25167, 25172, 29604, 28112, 24626, 27641, 25208, 27592, 28112, 24626, 16, 28873, 25201, 24625, 6, 69, 72, 29201, 24595, 69, 28190, 24595, 26542, 28348, 24660, 24581, 93, 25157, 25404, 24762, 25831, 24595, 25928, 87, 24595, 26236, 24588, 72, 27357, 81, 26325, 24672, 25862, 27004, 24838, 28478, 28112, 24626, 24581, 24585, 24994, 26514, 28478, 24626, 24581, 27244, 25928, 87, 24595, 26236, 24588, 72, 27357, 81, 26325, 25862, 24581, 25320, 25539, 25862, 24581, 27244 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
38752693
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%28Un%29arranged%20Marriage
(Un)arranged Marriage
The young-adult novel (Un)arranged Marriage is the first novel by English author Bali Rai, published in 2001. Plot summary (Un)arranged Marriage is the story of Manjit (nicknamed Manny), a teenage boy living in Leicester, England. His strict Punbjabi parents are disappointed in Manny's poor behaviour and grades at school, so they decide to arrange a marriage between Manny and a girl from India, whom he does not know. Manny's parents take him to India under the pretext of visiting family, but he later finds that they have returned to England without him. His Uncle Jag, who disagrees with arranged marriage, agrees to help him leave the country. When he gets back to England, his father beats him, telling him that he still expects him to go ahead with the marriage. Manny starts working in a local supermarket in order to save money towards his escape. Manny and his friend, Adrian, devise a plan to trick his parents into thinking that he has changed his mind about the arranged marriage. They break up the wedding party in order to allow Manny to escape the marriage and be free from his parents, but he loses his family in the process. Autobiographical elements There are several parallels between the author, Bali Rai, and the protagonist of (Un)arranged Marriage, Manny. Both are British-Punjabi Sikhs and grew up in the multicultural city of Leicester. Like Manny, Rai also worked in a supermarket. Reception The novel received generally positive reviews, with The Guardian's Kit Spring calling it an "absorbing and engaging first novel" and "highly readable". Books for Keeps magazine praised Rai for his "vitality and freshness", as well as his "ear for dialogue", but criticized his "lack of characterisation and convincing plotting". References British young adult novels 2001 British novels 2001 debut novels
[ "The", "young", "-", "ad", "ult", "novel", "(", "Un", ")", "arran", "ged", "Mar", "ri", "age", "is", "the", "first", "novel", "by", "English", "author", "Bal", "i", "R", "ai", ",", "published", "in", "2001", ".", "Pl", "ot", "sum", "m", "ary", "(", "Un", ")", "arran", "ged", "Mar", "ri", "age", "is", "the", "story", "of", "Man", "j", "it", "(", "n", "ick", "named", "M", "ann", "y", "),", "a", "teen", "age", "boy", "living", "in", "Le", "ices", "ter", ",", "England", ".", "His", "str", "ict", "P", "un", "b", "j", "ab", "i", "parents", "are", "dis", "appointed", "in", "M", "ann", "y", "'", "s", "poor", "beh", "avi", "our", "and", "grad", "es", "at", "school", ",", "so", "they", "dec", "ide", "to", "ar", "range", "a", "marriage", "between", "M", "ann", "y", "and", "a", "girl", "from", "India", ",", "whom", "he", "does", "not", "know", ".", "M", "ann", "y", "'", "s", "parents", "take", "him", "to", "India", "under", "the", "pre", "text", "of", "vis", "iting", "family", ",", "but", "he", "later", "find", "s", "that", "they", "have", "returned", "to", "England", "without", "him", ".", "His", "Un", "cle", "J", "ag", ",", "who", "dis", "agre", "es", "with", "arran", "ged", "marriage", ",", "agre", "es", "to", "help", "him", "leave", "the", "country", ".", "When", "he", "g", "ets", "back", "to", "England", ",", "his", "father", "be", "ats", "him", ",", "t", "elling", "him", "that", "he", "still", "ex", "pect", "s", "him", "to", "go", "a", "head", "with", "the", "marriage", ".", "M", "ann", "y", "start", "s", "working", "in", "a", "local", "super", "market", "in", "order", "to", "s", "ave", "money", "towards", "his", "escap", "e", ".", "M", "ann", "y", "and", "his", "friend", ",", "A", "dr", "ian", ",", "de", "v", "ise", "a", "plan", "to", "tr", "ick", "his", "parents", "into", "th", "in", "king", "that", "he", "has", "changed", "his", "m", "ind", "about", "the", "arran", "ged", "marriage", ".", "They", "break", "up", "the", "w", "ed", "ding", "party", "in", "order", "to", "allow", "M", "ann", "y", "to", "escap", "e", "the", "marriage", "and", "be", "free", "from", "his", "parents", ",", "but", "he", "los", "es", "his", "family", "in", "the", "process", ".", "Au", "to", "bio", "graph", "ical", "elements", "There", "are", "several", "par", "alle", "ls", "between", "the", "author", ",", "Bal", "i", "R", "ai", ",", "and", "the", "pro", "t", "agon", "ist", "of", "(", "Un", ")", "arran", "ged", "Mar", "ri", "age", ",", "M", "ann", "y", ".", "Both", "are", "British", "-", "P", "un", "j", "ab", "i", "S", "ik", "h", "s", "and", "grew", "up", "in", "the", "mult", "icult", "ural", "city", "of", "Le", "ices", "ter", ".", "Like", "M", "ann", "y", ",", "R", "ai", "also", "worked", "in", "a", "super", "market", ".", "Re", "ception", "The", "novel", "received", "generally", "positive", "reviews", ",", "with", "The", "Guard", "ian", "'", "s", "K", "it", "Spring", "call", "ing", "it", "an", "\"", "ab", "sor", "b", "ing", "and", "eng", "aging", "first", "novel", "\"", "and", "\"", "highly", "read", "able", "\".", "Books", "for", "Ke", "ep", "s", "magazine", "pra", "ised", "R", "ai", "for", "his", "\"", "v", "ital", "ity", "and", "fr", "es", "hn", "ess", "\",", "as", "well", "as", "his", "\"", "ear", "for", "dial", "ogue", "\",", "but", "critic", "ized", "his", "\"", "lack", "of", "character", "isation", "and", "conv", "inc", "ing", "pl", "ott", "ing", "\".", "References", "British", "young", "ad", "ult", "novels", "2001", "British", "novels", "2001", "debut", "novels" ]
[ 24627, 26181, 17, 24614, 24886, 26675, 12, 24739, 13, 28009, 26162, 24829, 25356, 24754, 24593, 24585, 24818, 26675, 24647, 25407, 25931, 26358, 77, 54, 25257, 16, 25728, 24581, 25933, 18, 25123, 24643, 27198, 81, 24713, 12, 24739, 13, 28009, 26162, 24829, 25356, 24754, 24593, 24585, 26241, 24595, 25310, 78, 24598, 12, 82, 24958, 25533, 49, 24910, 93, 24758, 69, 26796, 24754, 28220, 26283, 24581, 24843, 25511, 24621, 16, 25921, 18, 25496, 24740, 24847, 52, 24631, 70, 78, 24662, 77, 28224, 24686, 24913, 26449, 24581, 49, 24910, 93, 11, 87, 28576, 26591, 28992, 24714, 24596, 25861, 24589, 24590, 25228, 16, 25165, 25002, 25438, 24814, 24601, 24592, 26645, 69, 28580, 25142, 49, 24910, 93, 24596, 69, 27456, 24672, 26047, 16, 27810, 24607, 26839, 24809, 27389, 18, 49, 24910, 93, 11, 87, 28224, 26294, 25047, 24601, 26047, 25016, 24585, 24970, 26190, 24595, 25423, 26740, 25334, 16, 24835, 24607, 25163, 26611, 87, 24682, 25002, 24920, 26355, 24601, 25921, 26443, 25047, 18, 25496, 24739, 25741, 46, 24638, 16, 24831, 24913, 27747, 24589, 24651, 28009, 26162, 28580, 16, 27747, 24589, 24601, 26709, 25047, 28904, 24585, 26052, 18, 26098, 24607, 75, 25525, 25152, 24601, 25921, 16, 24684, 25919, 24636, 25729, 25047, 16, 88, 27176, 25047, 24682, 24607, 26043, 24707, 25968, 87, 25047, 24601, 25192, 69, 25342, 24651, 24585, 28580, 18, 49, 24910, 93, 25457, 87, 26609, 24581, 69, 25763, 26811, 26915, 24581, 25683, 24601, 87, 24820, 27907, 27814, 24684, 28843, 73, 18, 49, 24910, 93, 24596, 24684, 26187, 16, 37, 24815, 24669, 16, 24650, 90, 25279, 69, 26874, 24601, 24664, 24958, 24684, 28224, 25000, 24580, 24581, 25889, 24682, 24607, 24808, 27496, 24684, 81, 24888, 25150, 24585, 28009, 26162, 28580, 18, 25594, 27115, 24772, 24585, 91, 24588, 28783, 26460, 24581, 25683, 24601, 25813, 49, 24910, 93, 24601, 28843, 73, 24585, 28580, 24596, 24636, 26716, 24672, 24684, 28224, 16, 24835, 24607, 27276, 24589, 24684, 25334, 24581, 24585, 26256, 18, 25085, 24601, 29522, 25761, 24757, 28907, 25650, 24686, 25548, 25041, 29536, 29909, 25142, 24585, 25931, 16, 26358, 77, 54, 25257, 16, 24596, 24585, 24685, 88, 27323, 24641, 24595, 12, 24739, 13, 28009, 26162, 24829, 25356, 24754, 16, 49, 24910, 93, 18, 28586, 24686, 25320, 17, 52, 24631, 78, 24662, 77, 55, 25054, 76, 87, 24596, 29125, 24772, 24581, 24585, 26368, 27240, 25274, 25491, 24595, 24843, 25511, 24621, 18, 29572, 49, 24910, 93, 16, 54, 25257, 24762, 26245, 24581, 69, 26811, 26915, 18, 24693, 27594, 24627, 26675, 25774, 28005, 28882, 29301, 16, 24651, 24627, 28820, 24669, 11, 87, 47, 24598, 29000, 25230, 24599, 24598, 24583, 6, 24662, 28510, 70, 24599, 24596, 25010, 28565, 24818, 26675, 6, 24596, 6, 29328, 25483, 24914, 25157, 28619, 24618, 26434, 25090, 87, 27710, 28778, 25719, 54, 25257, 24618, 24684, 6, 90, 25430, 24683, 24596, 24653, 24589, 25101, 24676, 25243, 24594, 25173, 24594, 24684, 6, 24717, 24618, 29885, 28988, 25243, 24835, 27234, 25380, 24684, 6, 28190, 24595, 26096, 28182, 24596, 28376, 25290, 24599, 24659, 25568, 24599, 25157, 24838, 25320, 26181, 24614, 24886, 29343, 25933, 25320, 29343, 25933, 26097, 29343 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
14123422
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WNPV
WNPV
WNPV (1440 AM) is a radio station owned by Four Rivers Community Broadcasting Corporation. and licensed to Lansdale, Pennsylvania, United States. It serves Montgomery, Bucks and Philadelphia Counties, broadcasting a classic hits format. Founded in 1960, WNPV featured a blend of nationally syndicated and local talk shows, plus Fox News Radio updates and local news throughout the day. WNPV also aired Philadelphia Phillies baseball games, NASCAR and IRL races, as well as Penn State Football games and local high school football contests. Closure and Rebranding In March 2020, general manager Phil Hunt announced that WNPV would cease broadcasting at the end of April. In a statement, he said, "In recent years, it has become increasingly difficult to compete for both audience and advertising dollars, and unfortunately it is no longer sustainable to continue to run the business in a way that delivers the service our community expects and deserves." The station sold off its studio and broadcast tower to a school district in July. Its license was donated to Four Rivers Community Broadcasting in October and the station resumed broadcasting on January 9, 2022 broadcasting an Oldies format. Local personalities Darryl Berger Rich Gunning Chuck Irwin Jeff Nolan Joe LeCompte Nationally syndicated personalities Jim Bohannon Michael Garko, PhD Clark Howard Dave Ramsey References External links Radio stations established in 1960 NPV
[ "W", "N", "P", "V", "(", "14", "40", "AM", ")", "is", "a", "radio", "station", "owned", "by", "Four", "R", "ivers", "Community", "Broad", "cast", "ing", "Corporation", ".", "and", "lic", "ens", "ed", "to", "L", "ans", "d", "ale", ",", "Pennsylvania", ",", "United", "States", ".", "It", "serves", "Mont", "g", "om", "ery", ",", "B", "uc", "ks", "and", "Philadelphia", "Coun", "ties", ",", "broadcast", "ing", "a", "class", "ic", "h", "its", "format", ".", "Found", "ed", "in", "1960", ",", "W", "N", "P", "V", "featured", "a", "bl", "end", "of", "national", "ly", "sy", "nd", "icated", "and", "local", "tal", "k", "shows", ",", "pl", "us", "Fox", "News", "Radio", "up", "d", "ates", "and", "local", "news", "throughout", "the", "day", ".", "W", "N", "P", "V", "also", "aired", "Philadelphia", "Ph", "ill", "ies", "baseball", "games", ",", "NA", "S", "CA", "R", "and", "I", "R", "L", "races", ",", "as", "well", "as", "Penn", "State", "Football", "games", "and", "local", "high", "school", "football", "cont", "ests", ".", "Cl", "os", "ure", "and", "Re", "brand", "ing", "In", "March", "2020", ",", "general", "manager", "Phil", "H", "unt", "announced", "that", "W", "N", "P", "V", "would", "ce", "ase", "broadcast", "ing", "at", "the", "end", "of", "April", ".", "In", "a", "stat", "ement", ",", "he", "said", ",", "\"", "In", "recent", "years", ",", "it", "has", "become", "increasing", "ly", "difficult", "to", "compet", "e", "for", "both", "aud", "ience", "and", "ad", "vert", "ising", "d", "oll", "ars", ",", "and", "un", "fort", "un", "ately", "it", "is", "no", "longer", "su", "st", "ain", "able", "to", "continue", "to", "run", "the", "business", "in", "a", "way", "that", "del", "ivers", "the", "service", "our", "community", "ex", "pect", "s", "and", "des", "er", "ves", ".\"", "The", "station", "sold", "off", "its", "studio", "and", "broadcast", "tower", "to", "a", "school", "district", "in", "July", ".", "Its", "lic", "ense", "was", "don", "ated", "to", "Four", "R", "ivers", "Community", "Broad", "cast", "ing", "in", "October", "and", "the", "station", "res", "umed", "broadcast", "ing", "on", "January", "9", ",", "2022", "broadcast", "ing", "an", "Old", "ies", "format", ".", "Loc", "al", "personal", "ities", "D", "arr", "yl", "Ber", "ger", "Rich", "Gun", "ning", "Ch", "uck", "Ir", "win", "Jeff", "N", "ol", "an", "Joe", "Le", "Comp", "te", "National", "ly", "sy", "nd", "icated", "personal", "ities", "Jim", "Bo", "h", "ann", "on", "Michael", "G", "ark", "o", ",", "Ph", "D", "Cl", "ark", "How", "ard", "D", "ave", "Ram", "sey", "References", "External", "links", "Radio", "stations", "established", "in", "1960", "N", "P", "V" ]
[ 59, 50, 52, 58, 12, 25129, 25929, 29372, 13, 24593, 69, 26879, 25711, 27085, 24647, 28028, 54, 24877, 28964, 28050, 25688, 24599, 29034, 18, 24596, 25020, 24845, 24588, 24601, 48, 24841, 72, 24988, 16, 27554, 16, 24994, 25131, 18, 24805, 29415, 26803, 75, 24605, 25527, 16, 38, 24965, 24737, 24596, 28732, 24989, 26797, 16, 27782, 24599, 69, 25360, 24597, 76, 24783, 28998, 18, 27310, 24588, 24581, 27541, 16, 59, 50, 52, 58, 27104, 69, 25237, 24725, 24595, 25743, 24633, 24984, 26413, 28312, 24596, 25763, 25696, 79, 27023, 16, 24659, 24640, 29382, 27860, 27491, 24772, 72, 24855, 24596, 25763, 27988, 27181, 24585, 25058, 18, 59, 50, 52, 58, 24762, 29525, 28732, 25218, 24689, 24675, 28353, 25736, 16, 26468, 55, 26125, 54, 24596, 45, 54, 48, 28853, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 26917, 25461, 26178, 25736, 24596, 25763, 25153, 25228, 25128, 25062, 26495, 18, 25046, 24674, 24794, 24596, 24693, 29212, 24599, 24657, 25317, 25642, 16, 26139, 27750, 25770, 44, 25168, 26091, 24682, 59, 50, 52, 58, 25084, 24648, 24963, 27782, 24599, 24590, 24585, 24725, 24595, 25381, 18, 24657, 69, 25981, 25138, 16, 24607, 25860, 16, 6, 24657, 27318, 25100, 16, 24598, 24808, 26326, 28978, 24633, 28828, 24601, 25574, 73, 24618, 25379, 26062, 25854, 24596, 24614, 27454, 26388, 72, 24853, 25289, 16, 24596, 24631, 26683, 24631, 25825, 24598, 24593, 25159, 28475, 24701, 24606, 24667, 24914, 24601, 29135, 24601, 25399, 24585, 26045, 24581, 69, 24968, 24682, 25977, 24877, 24585, 25993, 24714, 26248, 24707, 25968, 87, 24596, 24893, 24582, 26048, 25215, 24627, 25711, 26090, 24894, 24783, 27500, 24596, 27782, 29874, 24601, 69, 25228, 25906, 24581, 25363, 18, 27128, 25020, 26607, 24625, 26733, 24712, 24601, 28028, 54, 24877, 28964, 28050, 25688, 24599, 24581, 25336, 24596, 24585, 25711, 24753, 29047, 27782, 24599, 24584, 25352, 29, 16, 25862, 27782, 24599, 24583, 27213, 24675, 28998, 18, 27770, 24591, 27706, 25082, 40, 24848, 26277, 25845, 26065, 26121, 29986, 25925, 24698, 25776, 26287, 25857, 28674, 50, 24612, 24583, 28439, 24843, 25685, 24680, 25155, 24633, 24984, 26413, 28312, 27706, 25082, 27547, 25255, 76, 24910, 24584, 26605, 43, 24944, 83, 16, 25218, 40, 25046, 24944, 27390, 24695, 40, 24820, 27303, 26664, 24838, 25065, 25051, 27491, 26838, 25572, 24581, 27541, 50, 52, 58 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
63902609
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Angry%20Birds%20film%20series%20characters
List of Angry Birds film series characters
The following is a list of characters who appear in The Angry Birds Movie and The Angry Birds Movie 2. Birds In the films, the Birds, who are the primary protagonists in the franchise, live on an island known as Bird Island, which ignores various Angry Birds media that some of the Birds live on Piggy Island or Golden Island, though the films are likely set before the game. Red (voiced by Jason Sudeikis, Aidan McGraw and Kallan Holley (young)) is a red cardinal and the protector of Bird Island. He used to have anger issues, which declined drastically after he attended anger management class in the first film. Chuck, (voiced by Josh Gad) a canary, is the fastest citizen in Bird Island, but constantly gets a speeding ticket whenever he goes too fast. Bomb (voiced by Danny McBride, Suzanne Walters as opera voice) is a very gentle and kind bird. He is very sincere and genuine in his actions and is willing to put himself in conflict or danger to help out the other birds in his flock. When he gets startled, he explodes like a bomb (hence his name). Silver (voiced by Rachel Bloom) is Chuck's younger sister who attends Avian Academy and helps defeat Zeta from destroying both Bird and Piggy Island. She later becomes Red's girlfriend. Matilda (voiced by Maya Rudolph) is an artist and the anger management teacher on Bird Island. She can shoot flaming eggs from her butt. Terence (voiced by Sean Penn in first film, Nolan North as uncredited singing voice, later replacement in second film) is a large red bird who only speaks in grunts. He is the largest bird on Bird Island, to the point where he breaks the slingshot simply by inserting himself in it. Judge Peckinpah (voiced by Keegan-Michael Key) is the judge on Bird Island. He is an owl who is standing on another bird to hide his true size. He persecutes Red at first, but later becomes his friend. Cyrus (voiced by Tony Hale) is Judge Peckinpah’s friend, who always seems to have a cold and often sneezes on everything in sight. To disguise his size, Judge Peckinpah stands on him while wearing his robe to create the illusion of height. Stella (voiced by Kate McKinnon) is an eternally optimistic and intelligent pink bird. Thanks to her inquisitive nature, she has become one of the leading experts on Bird Island. Kate McKinnon was originally going to reprise her role as Stella in The Angry Birds Movie 2, but busy to reprise the voice role for unknown reasons. Hal (voiced by Anthony Padilla) is a toucan who, because of his massive, curved beak, swings like a boomerang when shot by a slingshot. He often gets his beak injured, and is occasionally unpredictable. Mime Bird (voiced by Tony Hale) is a mime-like bird who is known for saying "Oh my goood!". He often shows up at regular intervals in the films and is rude to Red behind his back. Bubbles (voiced by Ian Hecox) is a bird who is friends with Hal. He is easily irritated, and when angry, he inflates. Edward (voiced by Hannibal Buress) Eva (voiced by Jane Lynch) Willow (voiced by Charli XCX) is very artistic and loves to daydream. She has grand ideas but cannot always follow through on them. Poppy Rozzie Dahlia (originally going to be voiced by Camille Hyde, but busy to voice the character for unknown reasons) Gale (originally going to be voiced by Nicole Sullivan, but busy to voice the character for unknown reasons) Val Kid Birds Ella Bird (voiced by McKenna Grace) is a kid bird who bullied Red as a child. She often called him “Eyebrows”. Maya Bird (voiced by Bella Laudiero) is one of Red's childhood counterparts during The Angry Birds Movie. Arianna Bird (voiced by Malena Brewer) is a daughter of Sophie Bird and Clayton the Waiter Bird. Bobby Bird (voiced by Max Charles) is a son of Helene and he has a younger sister and a younger brother. Anders (voiced by Kaci Simotas) is a daughter of the Grumpy Dad from The Angry Birds Movie 2. Scott (voiced by Asher Bishop) is a kid bird who was a part of the crowds. Hatchlings The Blues are a group of blue hatchlings. Jay (voiced by Noah Schnapp in The Angry Birds Movie, JoJo Siwa in The Angry Birds Movie 2) is the "leader" of the group, who always seems to put some plans into action but also seems to have a bit of a crush on Samantha. Jim Jake Dylan (voiced by Vincent Oswald) is Timothy's younger brother who was prematurely born by Red when he accidentally landed on his egg. He calls Red “Daddy” whenever he interacts with him. Samantha (Sam-Sam) (voiced by Samantha Cohen in The Angry Birds Movie and Alma Versano in The Angry Birds Movie 2) Will Stephen Marky Jimmy Rob Timothy (voiced by Ava Acres) is Dylan's older brother. Zoe (voiced by Brooklynn Prince) is the eldest child of Terence and Matilda. Vincent (ViVi) (voiced by Genesis Tennon) is a bird who loves to play soccer and play with his friends, he is also clueless, being fooled by Jay, Jake, and Jim often. He is also smart, as seen in some circumstances. Beatrice (voiced by Faith Margaret Kidman-Urban) Lily (voiced by Sunday Rose Kidman-Urban) Hazel (voiced by Hazel Van Orman) Ally (voiced by Nova Reed) is a Hatchling who replaces Ella Bird from The Angry Birds Movie for The Angry Birds Movie 2. Jenny (voiced by Samantha Cohen) Bailey (voiced by Eliza Cohen) Pigs King Leonard Mudbeard (voiced by Bill Hader) is the king of Piggy Island, who stealing bird's eggs for a lunch, After an giant ice ball attacking Piggy Island and Bird Island he will be friendship with birds. Courtney (voiced by Awkwafina) is a quiet teenager pig who enjoys texting and listening to music on her smartphone. Ross (voiced by Tony Hale) is King Leonard's assistant in the first movie. Garry (voiced by Sterling K. Brown) seems to be one of the smartest pigs of them all. He is great at inventing tools, such as Invisi-Spray and other crazy inventions. He is a good friend of Leonard, helping him and the birds. Prince Smooth Cheeks is a son of King Leonard Mudbeard Earl (voiced by Blake Shelton) is a pig who wears a cowboy hat and has a southern accent. He also likes country music and has the ability to sing. Photog (voiced by Tituss Burgess) is a pig who works as a photographer. Corporal Pig (originally going to be voiced by Gerald Urquhart, but busy to voice the character for unknown reasons) Foreman Pig (voiced by Fergal Reilly) is the chief of construction on Piggy Island, usually ordering his workers to build things at Pig City. Bubba (voiced by Gaten Matarazzo) is a member of the SQUEAL Team Six and/or a hungry pig who asked for hot sauce during the Prank Wars but the hot sauce hit him. Monty Pig (voiced by Fred Tatasciore) is a pig who looks very identical to Corporal Pig in his old design from Angry Birds Toons, but with a lollipop on his helmet. His name is a reference to a Monty Mole in the Mario series. Rodney Pig (voiced by Matt McCarthy) is Monty Pig's partner, he resembles classic Corporal Pig from Angry Birds. Hamilton Pig (voiced by Maddie Taylor) is Earl's 1st brother and Earl's only sibling to be credited for The Angry Birds Movie. Piglets Isla (voiced by Sunday Rose Kidman-Urban) Sophie (voiced by Faith Margaret Kidman-Urban) Oliver (voiced by Mason Ramsey) Rox Joey Emily Penny Totty Bronzy Eagles Mighty Eagle (voiced by Peter Dinklage) an old bald eagle, is an legendary eagle of Bird Island. He is a strongest eagle. His first name is Ethan. Zeta (voiced by Leslie Jones) is the leader of Eagle Island, who will destroys Bird Island and Piggy Island. She is Mighty Eagle's wife. Debbie (voiced by Tiffany Haddish) is the daughter of Mighty Eagle and Zeta. Glenn (voiced by Eugenio Derbez) is Eagle Island's top scientist with a Mexican accent. Carl (voiced by Zach Woods) is an eagle who works for Zeta. Jerry (voiced by Pete Davidson) is an eagle who works for Zeta. Brad Eagleburger (voiced by Beck Bennett) is a high-ranking security guard who works for Zeta. Axel (voiced by David Dobrik) is one of the security guards who works for Zeta. Kira (voiced by JoJo Siwa) is a security guard who works for Zeta. Hank (voiced by Beck Bennett) is a security guard who works for Zeta. He is very serious about his job. Eagle Detector (voiced by John Cohen) Others Animals The worms are a group of worms who are eaten by the birds. Mother Snake (voice by Grey Griffin) is a snake. Eloise (voiced by Isla Andrews) is a snakelet with blue eyes. Robots Billy the Sign (voiced by Catherine Winder) is a mechanical bird who serves as the mascot for Matilda's Anger Management Class. References Angry Birds
[ "The", "following", "is", "a", "list", "of", "characters", "who", "appear", "in", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", "and", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", "2", ".", "B", "ird", "s", "In", "the", "films", ",", "the", "B", "ird", "s", ",", "who", "are", "the", "primary", "pro", "t", "agon", "ists", "in", "the", "fr", "anch", "ise", ",", "live", "on", "an", "island", "known", "as", "B", "ird", "Island", ",", "which", "ign", "ores", "various", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "media", "that", "some", "of", "the", "B", "ird", "s", "live", "on", "P", "ig", "gy", "Island", "or", "Golden", "Island", ",", "though", "the", "films", "are", "likely", "set", "before", "the", "game", ".", "Red", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "J", "ason", "S", "ude", "ik", "is", ",", "A", "id", "an", "Mc", "Gr", "aw", "and", "K", "all", "an", "Hol", "ley", "(", "young", ")", ")", "is", "a", "red", "card", "inal", "and", "the", "prote", "ctor", "of", "B", "ird", "Island", ".", "He", "used", "to", "have", "anger", "issues", ",", "which", "decl", "ined", "dr", "ast", "ically", "after", "he", "attended", "anger", "management", "class", "in", "the", "first", "film", ".", "Ch", "uck", ",", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Jos", "h", "G", "ad", ")", "a", "can", "ary", ",", "is", "the", "fast", "est", "citiz", "en", "in", "B", "ird", "Island", ",", "but", "con", "stant", "ly", "g", "ets", "a", "speed", "ing", "t", "icket", "when", "ever", "he", "go", "es", "too", "fast", ".", "B", "omb", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "D", "ann", "y", "Mc", "Br", "ide", ",", "Su", "z", "an", "ne", "Wal", "ters", "as", "oper", "a", "voice", ")", "is", "a", "very", "gent", "le", "and", "kind", "bir", "d", ".", "He", "is", "very", "s", "inc", "ere", "and", "gen", "u", "ine", "in", "his", "actions", "and", "is", "will", "ing", "to", "put", "himself", "in", "conflict", "or", "d", "anger", "to", "help", "out", "the", "other", "bir", "ds", "in", "his", "f", "lock", ".", "When", "he", "g", "ets", "start", "led", ",", "he", "expl", "odes", "like", "a", "bomb", "(", "h", "ence", "his", "name", ").", "Sil", "ver", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Rac", "hel", "B", "lo", "om", ")", "is", "Ch", "uck", "'", "s", "younger", "sister", "who", "att", "ends", "Av", "ian", "Academy", "and", "hel", "ps", "defeat", "Z", "et", "a", "from", "dest", "ro", "ying", "both", "B", "ird", "and", "P", "ig", "gy", "Island", ".", "She", "later", "becomes", "Red", "'", "s", "girl", "friend", ".", "Mat", "il", "da", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "May", "a", "R", "ud", "ol", "ph", ")", "is", "an", "artist", "and", "the", "anger", "management", "teacher", "on", "B", "ird", "Island", ".", "She", "can", "shoot", "fl", "am", "ing", "e", "gg", "s", "from", "her", "but", "t", ".", "Ter", "ence", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Se", "an", "Penn", "in", "first", "film", ",", "N", "ol", "an", "North", "as", "un", "credited", "sing", "ing", "voice", ",", "later", "replac", "ement", "in", "second", "film", ")", "is", "a", "large", "red", "bir", "d", "who", "only", "spe", "ak", "s", "in", "gr", "un", "ts", ".", "He", "is", "the", "largest", "bir", "d", "on", "B", "ird", "Island", ",", "to", "the", "point", "where", "he", "break", "s", "the", "sl", "ing", "shot", "sim", "ply", "by", "in", "ser", "ting", "himself", "in", "it", ".", "Jud", "ge", "Pe", "ck", "in", "p", "ah", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Ke", "e", "gan", "-", "Michael", "Ke", "y", ")", "is", "the", "judge", "on", "B", "ird", "Island", ".", "He", "is", "an", "ow", "l", "who", "is", "standing", "on", "another", "bir", "d", "to", "h", "ide", "his", "true", "size", ".", "He", "per", "secut", "es", "Red", "at", "first", ",", "but", "later", "becomes", "his", "friend", ".", "C", "yr", "us", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Tony", "H", "ale", ")", "is", "Jud", "ge", "Pe", "ck", "in", "p", "ah", "’", "s", "friend", ",", "who", "always", "se", "ems", "to", "have", "a", "c", "old", "and", "often", "s", "ne", "e", "z", "es", "on", "every", "thing", "in", "s", "ight", ".", "To", "dis", "gu", "ise", "his", "size", ",", "Jud", "ge", "Pe", "ck", "in", "p", "ah", "stand", "s", "on", "him", "while", "wear", "ing", "his", "ro", "be", "to", "create", "the", "ill", "usion", "of", "he", "ight", ".", "St", "ella", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "K", "ate", "Mc", "K", "inn", "on", ")", "is", "an", "e", "tern", "ally", "op", "tim", "istic", "and", "int", "ell", "ig", "ent", "p", "ink", "bir", "d", ".", "Th", "an", "ks", "to", "her", "in", "qu", "is", "itive", "nature", ",", "she", "has", "become", "one", "of", "the", "leading", "exper", "ts", "on", "B", "ird", "Island", ".", "K", "ate", "Mc", "K", "inn", "on", "was", "originally", "going", "to", "re", "prise", "her", "role", "as", "St", "ella", "in", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", "2", ",", "but", "bus", "y", "to", "re", "prise", "the", "voice", "role", "for", "unknown", "reason", "s", ".", "Hal", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Anth", "ony", "P", "ad", "illa", ")", "is", "a", "to", "uc", "an", "who", ",", "because", "of", "his", "mass", "ive", ",", "cur", "ved", "be", "ak", ",", "sw", "ings", "like", "a", "bo", "omer", "ang", "when", "shot", "by", "a", "sl", "ing", "shot", ".", "He", "often", "g", "ets", "his", "be", "ak", "inj", "ured", ",", "and", "is", "occas", "ion", "ally", "un", "pred", "ict", "able", ".", "M", "ime", "B", "ird", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Tony", "H", "ale", ")", "is", "a", "m", "ime", "-", "like", "bir", "d", "who", "is", "known", "for", "saying", "\"", "Oh", "my", "go", "ood", "!", "\".", "He", "often", "shows", "up", "at", "regular", "inter", "v", "als", "in", "the", "films", "and", "is", "r", "ude", "to", "Red", "behind", "his", "back", ".", "B", "ub", "bles", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "I", "an", "He", "co", "x", ")", "is", "a", "bir", "d", "who", "is", "friends", "with", "Hal", ".", "He", "is", "e", "as", "ily", "ir", "rit", "ated", ",", "and", "when", "an", "gr", "y", ",", "he", "in", "fl", "ates", ".", "Edward", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "H", "ann", "ib", "al", "Bur", "ess", ")", "Ev", "a", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Jane", "Lyn", "ch", ")", "Will", "ow", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Char", "li", "X", "C", "X", ")", "is", "very", "artist", "ic", "and", "lov", "es", "to", "day", "d", "ream", ".", "She", "has", "grand", "ide", "as", "but", "can", "not", "always", "follow", "through", "on", "them", ".", "Pop", "p", "y", "Ro", "z", "z", "ie", "D", "ah", "l", "ia", "(", "originally", "going", "to", "be", "vo", "iced", "by", "Cam", "ille", "Hy", "de", ",", "but", "bus", "y", "to", "voice", "the", "character", "for", "unknown", "reason", "s", ")", "G", "ale", "(", "originally", "going", "to", "be", "vo", "iced", "by", "N", "ico", "le", "S", "ull", "iv", "an", ",", "but", "bus", "y", "to", "voice", "the", "character", "for", "unknown", "reason", "s", ")", "Val", "K", "id", "B", "ird", "s", "El", "la", "B", "ird", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Mc", "Kenn", "a", "Gr", "ace", ")", "is", "a", "k", "id", "bir", "d", "who", "b", "ull", "ied", "Red", "as", "a", "child", ".", "She", "often", "called", "him", "“", "E", "ye", "b", "row", "s", "”", ".", "May", "a", "B", "ird", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "B", "ella", "La", "ud", "ier", "o", ")", "is", "one", "of", "Red", "'", "s", "child", "hood", "counter", "parts", "during", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", ".", "Ar", "ian", "na", "B", "ird", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Mal", "ena", "B", "rew", "er", ")", "is", "a", "daughter", "of", "S", "oph", "ie", "B", "ird", "and", "Cl", "ay", "ton", "the", "W", "a", "iter", "B", "ird", ".", "Bob", "by", "B", "ird", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Max", "Charles", ")", "is", "a", "son", "of", "Hel", "ene", "and", "he", "has", "a", "younger", "sister", "and", "a", "younger", "brother", ".", "And", "ers", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "K", "ac", "i", "Sim", "ot", "as", ")", "is", "a", "daughter", "of", "the", "Gr", "ump", "y", "D", "ad", "from", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", "2", ".", "Scott", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Ash", "er", "Bishop", ")", "is", "a", "k", "id", "bir", "d", "who", "was", "a", "part", "of", "the", "c", "row", "ds", ".", "H", "atch", "l", "ings", "The", "Bl", "ues", "are", "a", "group", "of", "blue", "h", "atch", "l", "ings", ".", "J", "ay", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "No", "ah", "S", "chn", "app", "in", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", ",", "Jo", "Jo", "S", "i", "wa", "in", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", "2", ")", "is", "the", "\"", "leader", "\"", "of", "the", "group", ",", "who", "always", "se", "ems", "to", "put", "some", "plans", "into", "action", "but", "also", "se", "ems", "to", "have", "a", "bit", "of", "a", "cr", "ush", "on", "Sam", "anth", "a", ".", "Jim", "J", "ake", "D", "yl", "an", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "V", "in", "cent", "O", "sw", "ald", ")", "is", "Tim", "oth", "y", "'", "s", "younger", "brother", "who", "was", "prem", "ature", "ly", "born", "by", "Red", "when", "he", "acc", "ident", "ally", "land", "ed", "on", "his", "e", "gg", ".", "He", "call", "s", "Red", "“", "D", "add", "y", "”", "when", "ever", "he", "inter", "acts", "with", "him", ".", "Sam", "anth", "a", "(", "Sam", "-", "Sam", ")", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Sam", "anth", "a", "Co", "h", "en", "in", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", "and", "Al", "ma", "V", "ers", "ano", "in", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", "2", ")", "Will", "Stephen", "Mark", "y", "Jim", "my", "Rob", "Tim", "oth", "y", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "A", "va", "Ac", "res", ")", "is", "D", "yl", "an", "'", "s", "older", "brother", ".", "Z", "oe", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Brook", "lyn", "n", "Prince", ")", "is", "the", "el", "dest", "child", "of", "Ter", "ence", "and", "Mat", "il", "da", ".", "V", "in", "cent", "(", "Vi", "Vi", ")", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Gen", "es", "is", "Tenn", "on", ")", "is", "a", "bir", "d", "who", "lov", "es", "to", "play", "s", "occer", "and", "play", "with", "his", "friends", ",", "he", "is", "also", "cl", "uel", "ess", ",", "being", "f", "o", "ol", "ed", "by", "J", "ay", ",", "J", "ake", ",", "and", "Jim", "often", ".", "He", "is", "also", "sm", "art", ",", "as", "seen", "in", "some", "circ", "um", "st", "ances", ".", "Be", "at", "r", "ice", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "F", "a", "ith", "Mar", "gar", "et", "K", "id", "man", "-", "Ur", "ban", ")", "L", "ily", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Sun", "day", "Rose", "K", "id", "man", "-", "Ur", "ban", ")", "H", "az", "el", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "H", "az", "el", "Van", "Or", "man", ")", "Al", "ly", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Nov", "a", "Re", "ed", ")", "is", "a", "H", "atch", "ling", "who", "re", "places", "El", "la", "B", "ird", "from", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", "for", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", "2", ".", "J", "enn", "y", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Sam", "anth", "a", "Co", "h", "en", ")", "Ba", "ile", "y", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Eliz", "a", "Co", "h", "en", ")", "P", "ig", "s", "King", "Leon", "ard", "M", "ud", "be", "ard", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Bill", "H", "ad", "er", ")", "is", "the", "king", "of", "P", "ig", "gy", "Island", ",", "who", "ste", "aling", "bir", "d", "'", "s", "e", "gg", "s", "for", "a", "l", "unch", ",", "After", "an", "gian", "t", "ice", "ball", "attack", "ing", "P", "ig", "gy", "Island", "and", "B", "ird", "Island", "he", "will", "be", "friend", "ship", "with", "bir", "ds", ".", "Court", "ney", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "A", "w", "k", "w", "af", "ina", ")", "is", "a", "qu", "iet", "teen", "ag", "er", "p", "ig", "who", "en", "joy", "s", "text", "ing", "and", "list", "ening", "to", "music", "on", "her", "sm", "art", "phone", ".", "Ross", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Tony", "H", "ale", ")", "is", "King", "Leon", "ard", "'", "s", "assistant", "in", "the", "first", "movie", ".", "G", "arry", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "S", "ter", "ling", "K", ".", "Brown", ")", "se", "ems", "to", "be", "one", "of", "the", "sm", "art", "est", "p", "ig", "s", "of", "them", "all", ".", "He", "is", "great", "at", "inv", "ent", "ing", "to", "ols", ",", "such", "as", "In", "vis", "i", "-", "S", "pr", "ay", "and", "other", "cr", "az", "y", "inv", "ent", "ions", ".", "He", "is", "a", "good", "friend", "of", "Leon", "ard", ",", "help", "ing", "him", "and", "the", "bir", "ds", ".", "Prince", "Sm", "o", "oth", "Che", "e", "ks", "is", "a", "son", "of", "King", "Leon", "ard", "M", "ud", "be", "ard", "Earl", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Bl", "ake", "She", "l", "ton", ")", "is", "a", "p", "ig", "who", "wear", "s", "a", "cow", "boy", "h", "at", "and", "has", "a", "southern", "ac", "cent", ".", "He", "also", "lik", "es", "country", "music", "and", "has", "the", "ability", "to", "sing", ".", "Ph", "oto", "g", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Tit", "uss", "Bur", "g", "ess", ")", "is", "a", "p", "ig", "who", "works", "as", "a", "photo", "grapher", ".", "Corpor", "al", "P", "ig", "(", "originally", "going", "to", "be", "vo", "iced", "by", "G", "eral", "d", "Ur", "qu", "h", "art", ",", "but", "bus", "y", "to", "voice", "the", "character", "for", "unknown", "reason", "s", ")", "For", "eman", "P", "ig", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Fer", "gal", "Re", "illy", ")", "is", "the", "chief", "of", "construction", "on", "P", "ig", "gy", "Island", ",", "usually", "order", "ing", "his", "workers", "to", "build", "th", "ings", "at", "P", "ig", "City", ".", "B", "ub", "ba", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "G", "at", "en", "Mat", "ar", "azz", "o", ")", "is", "a", "member", "of", "the", "S", "Q", "U", "E", "A", "L", "Team", "Six", "and", "/", "or", "a", "hun", "gr", "y", "p", "ig", "who", "asked", "for", "hot", "s", "au", "ce", "during", "the", "P", "rank", "War", "s", "but", "the", "hot", "s", "au", "ce", "hit", "him", ".", "Mon", "ty", "P", "ig", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Fred", "T", "at", "as", "ci", "ore", ")", "is", "a", "p", "ig", "who", "lo", "oks", "very", "ident", "ical", "to", "Corpor", "al", "P", "ig", "in", "his", "old", "design", "from", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "To", "ons", ",", "but", "with", "a", "l", "oll", "ip", "op", "on", "his", "hel", "met", ".", "His", "name", "is", "a", "re", "ference", "to", "a", "Mon", "ty", "Mo", "le", "in", "the", "Mar", "io", "series", ".", "Rod", "ney", "P", "ig", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "M", "att", "Mc", "Car", "th", "y", ")", "is", "Mon", "ty", "P", "ig", "'", "s", "part", "ner", ",", "he", "res", "emb", "les", "class", "ic", "Corpor", "al", "P", "ig", "from", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", ".", "Ham", "ilton", "P", "ig", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "M", "add", "ie", "Taylor", ")", "is", "Earl", "'", "s", "1st", "brother", "and", "Earl", "'", "s", "only", "s", "ib", "ling", "to", "be", "credited", "for", "The", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s", "Mov", "ie", ".", "P", "ig", "lets", "Is", "la", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Sun", "day", "Rose", "K", "id", "man", "-", "Ur", "ban", ")", "S", "oph", "ie", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "F", "a", "ith", "Mar", "gar", "et", "K", "id", "man", "-", "Ur", "ban", ")", "Ol", "iver", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "M", "ason", "Ram", "sey", ")", "Ro", "x", "Jo", "ey", "Em", "ily", "Penn", "y", "T", "ot", "ty", "Br", "on", "zy", "E", "ag", "les", "M", "ight", "y", "E", "ag", "le", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Peter", "D", "ink", "l", "age", ")", "an", "old", "b", "ald", "e", "ag", "le", ",", "is", "an", "leg", "end", "ary", "e", "ag", "le", "of", "B", "ird", "Island", ".", "He", "is", "a", "strong", "est", "e", "ag", "le", ".", "His", "first", "name", "is", "E", "than", ".", "Z", "et", "a", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Les", "lie", "Jones", ")", "is", "the", "leader", "of", "E", "ag", "le", "Island", ",", "who", "will", "dest", "ro", "ys", "B", "ird", "Island", "and", "P", "ig", "gy", "Island", ".", "She", "is", "M", "ight", "y", "E", "ag", "le", "'", "s", "wife", ".", "De", "bb", "ie", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "T", "iff", "any", "H", "add", "ish", ")", "is", "the", "daughter", "of", "M", "ight", "y", "E", "ag", "le", "and", "Z", "et", "a", ".", "Gl", "enn", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "E", "ug", "en", "io", "Der", "be", "z", ")", "is", "E", "ag", "le", "Island", "'", "s", "top", "scient", "ist", "with", "a", "Mexican", "ac", "cent", ".", "Carl", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Z", "ach", "Wood", "s", ")", "is", "an", "e", "ag", "le", "who", "works", "for", "Z", "et", "a", ".", "Jer", "ry", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Pet", "e", "David", "son", ")", "is", "an", "e", "ag", "le", "who", "works", "for", "Z", "et", "a", ".", "Brad", "E", "ag", "le", "bur", "ger", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Be", "ck", "B", "enn", "ett", ")", "is", "a", "high", "-", "ran", "king", "security", "guard", "who", "works", "for", "Z", "et", "a", ".", "A", "x", "el", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "David", "Do", "br", "ik", ")", "is", "one", "of", "the", "security", "gu", "ards", "who", "works", "for", "Z", "et", "a", ".", "K", "ira", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Jo", "Jo", "S", "i", "wa", ")", "is", "a", "security", "guard", "who", "works", "for", "Z", "et", "a", ".", "H", "ank", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Be", "ck", "B", "enn", "ett", ")", "is", "a", "security", "guard", "who", "works", "for", "Z", "et", "a", ".", "He", "is", "very", "serious", "about", "his", "job", ".", "E", "ag", "le", "Det", "e", "ctor", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "John", "Co", "h", "en", ")", "O", "thers", "An", "im", "als", "The", "wor", "ms", "are", "a", "group", "of", "wor", "ms", "who", "are", "e", "at", "en", "by", "the", "bir", "ds", ".", "M", "other", "S", "n", "ake", "(", "voice", "by", "G", "rey", "Gr", "if", "fin", ")", "is", "a", "sn", "ake", ".", "E", "lo", "ise", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "Is", "la", "Andrew", "s", ")", "is", "a", "sn", "ak", "ele", "t", "with", "blue", "ey", "es", ".", "Rob", "ots", "B", "illy", "the", "S", "ign", "(", "vo", "iced", "by", "C", "ather", "ine", "Win", "der", ")", "is", "a", "mechan", "ical", "bir", "d", "who", "serves", "as", "the", "mas", "c", "ot", "for", "Mat", "il", "da", "'", "s", "Ang", "er", "Management", "Class", ".", "References", "An", "gr", "y", "B", "ird", "s" ]
[ 24627, 25528, 24593, 69, 25432, 24595, 27490, 24831, 25447, 24581, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 24596, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 22, 18, 38, 25523, 87, 24657, 24585, 25477, 16, 24585, 38, 25523, 87, 16, 24831, 24686, 24585, 27592, 24685, 88, 27323, 25006, 24581, 24585, 24653, 27715, 25279, 16, 26622, 24584, 24583, 27730, 25137, 24594, 38, 25523, 26553, 16, 24763, 24761, 29165, 26273, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 27063, 24682, 25191, 24595, 24585, 38, 25523, 87, 26622, 24584, 52, 24628, 25647, 26553, 24586, 28897, 26553, 16, 25365, 24585, 25477, 24686, 28447, 25139, 25327, 24585, 25436, 18, 26152, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 46, 24945, 55, 25543, 25054, 24593, 16, 37, 24630, 24583, 25629, 25014, 24766, 24596, 47, 24663, 24583, 26083, 25145, 12, 26181, 13, 13, 24593, 69, 25204, 27853, 28126, 24596, 24585, 26265, 25158, 24595, 38, 25523, 26553, 18, 24736, 25030, 24601, 24920, 29201, 27697, 16, 24763, 26819, 25624, 24815, 24745, 25686, 24942, 24607, 27446, 29201, 27986, 25360, 24581, 24585, 24818, 24932, 18, 24698, 25776, 16, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 27942, 76, 43, 24614, 13, 69, 24995, 24713, 16, 24593, 24585, 28802, 24655, 28499, 24587, 24581, 38, 25523, 26553, 16, 24835, 24652, 27505, 24633, 75, 25525, 69, 28193, 24599, 88, 27477, 25091, 25034, 24607, 25192, 24589, 27639, 28802, 18, 38, 26104, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 40, 24910, 93, 25629, 24980, 24814, 16, 25689, 94, 24583, 24687, 26179, 24998, 24594, 25211, 69, 28720, 13, 24593, 69, 25878, 27131, 24604, 24596, 29006, 25120, 72, 18, 24736, 24593, 25878, 87, 25290, 24671, 24596, 24976, 89, 24734, 24581, 24684, 27424, 24596, 24593, 25494, 24599, 24601, 25837, 26821, 24581, 29998, 24586, 72, 29201, 24601, 26709, 24767, 24585, 24858, 25120, 27776, 24581, 24684, 74, 26642, 18, 26098, 24607, 75, 25525, 25457, 25121, 16, 24607, 26153, 26496, 25692, 69, 28319, 12, 76, 24881, 24684, 25364, 24874, 27137, 24735, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 28591, 25280, 38, 25169, 24605, 13, 24593, 24698, 25776, 11, 87, 29857, 28101, 24831, 24866, 26949, 28608, 24669, 26646, 24596, 25280, 25909, 28826, 62, 24645, 69, 24672, 26395, 24619, 26194, 25379, 38, 25523, 24596, 52, 24628, 25647, 26553, 18, 25079, 25163, 29355, 26152, 11, 87, 27456, 26187, 18, 27118, 24608, 26963, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25176, 69, 54, 24711, 24612, 24844, 13, 24593, 24583, 26719, 24596, 24585, 29201, 27986, 29167, 24584, 38, 25523, 26553, 18, 25079, 24995, 28963, 24949, 24611, 24599, 73, 26386, 87, 24672, 24803, 24835, 88, 18, 26372, 24881, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 24779, 24583, 26917, 24581, 24818, 24932, 16, 50, 24612, 24583, 25386, 24594, 24631, 28704, 25095, 24599, 28720, 16, 25163, 29299, 25138, 24581, 25179, 24932, 13, 24593, 69, 25926, 25204, 25120, 72, 24831, 25089, 24947, 24700, 87, 24581, 24699, 24631, 24704, 18, 24736, 24593, 24585, 27038, 25120, 72, 24584, 38, 25523, 26553, 16, 24601, 24585, 25992, 25072, 24607, 27115, 87, 24585, 25608, 24599, 27463, 25672, 27164, 24647, 24581, 24777, 25737, 26821, 24581, 24598, 18, 27485, 24721, 25061, 25188, 24581, 84, 24966, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 26434, 73, 24973, 17, 26605, 26434, 93, 13, 24593, 24585, 29958, 24584, 38, 25523, 26553, 18, 24736, 24593, 24583, 24639, 80, 24831, 24593, 27258, 24584, 26054, 25120, 72, 24601, 76, 24814, 24684, 29759, 27321, 18, 24736, 24726, 28603, 24589, 26152, 24590, 24818, 16, 24835, 25163, 29355, 24684, 26187, 18, 39, 26614, 24640, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 29651, 44, 24988, 13, 24593, 27485, 24721, 25061, 25188, 24581, 84, 24966, 4998, 87, 26187, 16, 24831, 28708, 24620, 27334, 24601, 24920, 69, 71, 24867, 24596, 26133, 87, 24687, 73, 94, 24589, 24584, 26237, 26592, 24581, 87, 24789, 18, 26071, 24913, 25309, 25279, 24684, 27321, 16, 27485, 24721, 25061, 25188, 24581, 84, 24966, 25567, 87, 24584, 25047, 25293, 29340, 24599, 24684, 24619, 24636, 24601, 28212, 24585, 24689, 27879, 24595, 24607, 24789, 18, 24709, 26983, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 47, 24688, 25629, 47, 25021, 24584, 13, 24593, 24583, 73, 24760, 24904, 24644, 26951, 27302, 24596, 24957, 24731, 24628, 24609, 84, 26224, 25120, 72, 18, 24824, 24583, 24737, 24601, 24803, 24581, 24715, 24593, 26718, 28903, 16, 24971, 24808, 26326, 24748, 24595, 24585, 27000, 27522, 24704, 24584, 38, 25523, 26553, 18, 47, 24688, 25629, 47, 25021, 24584, 24625, 26985, 27871, 24601, 24600, 29848, 24803, 26078, 24594, 24709, 26983, 24581, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 22, 16, 24835, 25545, 93, 24601, 24600, 29848, 24585, 28720, 26078, 24618, 29224, 27650, 87, 18, 27968, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 28789, 25580, 52, 24614, 28455, 13, 24593, 69, 24601, 24965, 24583, 24831, 16, 25936, 24595, 24684, 27453, 24723, 16, 25069, 25501, 24636, 24700, 16, 26106, 24939, 25692, 69, 24807, 28216, 24822, 25091, 27463, 24647, 69, 25608, 24599, 27463, 18, 24736, 26133, 75, 25525, 24684, 24636, 24700, 26793, 25638, 16, 24596, 24593, 28305, 24602, 24904, 24631, 27516, 24847, 24914, 18, 49, 24856, 38, 25523, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 29651, 44, 24988, 13, 24593, 69, 81, 24856, 17, 25692, 25120, 72, 24831, 24593, 25137, 24618, 28873, 6, 27248, 25148, 25192, 24946, 5, 25157, 24736, 26133, 27023, 24772, 24590, 26861, 25033, 90, 24702, 24581, 24585, 25477, 24596, 24593, 86, 25543, 24601, 26152, 27606, 24684, 25152, 18, 38, 24733, 29566, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 45, 24583, 24736, 24869, 92, 13, 24593, 69, 25120, 72, 24831, 24593, 28838, 24651, 27968, 18, 24736, 24593, 73, 24594, 25038, 24624, 24773, 24712, 16, 24596, 25091, 24583, 24699, 93, 16, 24607, 24581, 24949, 24855, 18, 27707, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 44, 24910, 24751, 24591, 26343, 24676, 13, 27156, 69, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 29835, 29902, 24610, 13, 25428, 24639, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25627, 24952, 60, 39, 60, 13, 24593, 25878, 26719, 24597, 24596, 28707, 24589, 24601, 25058, 72, 26314, 18, 25079, 24808, 27254, 24814, 24594, 24835, 24995, 24809, 28708, 25181, 25172, 24584, 25154, 18, 26695, 84, 93, 25125, 94, 94, 24716, 40, 24966, 80, 24677, 12, 26985, 27871, 24601, 24636, 26116, 29138, 24647, 26328, 25757, 27315, 24650, 16, 24835, 25545, 93, 24601, 28720, 24585, 26096, 24618, 29224, 27650, 87, 13, 43, 24988, 12, 26985, 27871, 24601, 24636, 26116, 29138, 24647, 50, 25942, 24604, 55, 26028, 24622, 24583, 16, 24835, 25545, 93, 24601, 28720, 24585, 26096, 24618, 29224, 27650, 87, 13, 26057, 47, 24630, 38, 25523, 87, 25421, 25403, 38, 25523, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25629, 29190, 69, 25014, 24852, 13, 24593, 69, 79, 24630, 25120, 72, 24831, 70, 26028, 24837, 26152, 24594, 69, 26881, 18, 25079, 26133, 25446, 25047, 5001, 41, 27010, 70, 25032, 87, 5002, 18, 25176, 69, 38, 25523, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 38, 26983, 25760, 24711, 25092, 83, 13, 24593, 24748, 24595, 26152, 11, 87, 26881, 26931, 27991, 27285, 25104, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 18, 24780, 24669, 25901, 38, 25523, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25893, 26349, 38, 25892, 24582, 13, 24593, 69, 26672, 24595, 55, 26391, 24716, 38, 25523, 24596, 25046, 24632, 24915, 24585, 59, 69, 25898, 38, 25523, 18, 27698, 24647, 38, 25523, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 28147, 26500, 13, 24593, 69, 24951, 24595, 27497, 25410, 24596, 24607, 24808, 69, 29857, 28101, 24596, 69, 29857, 26936, 18, 25695, 24629, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 47, 24616, 77, 26525, 24643, 24594, 13, 24593, 69, 26672, 24595, 24585, 25014, 26876, 93, 40, 24614, 24672, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 22, 18, 26402, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 27995, 24582, 28880, 13, 24593, 69, 79, 24630, 25120, 72, 24831, 24625, 69, 24791, 24595, 24585, 71, 25032, 27776, 18, 44, 25229, 80, 24939, 24627, 25241, 25966, 24686, 69, 25273, 24595, 29365, 76, 25229, 80, 24939, 18, 46, 24632, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25694, 24966, 55, 25604, 26212, 24581, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 16, 24934, 24934, 55, 77, 26965, 24581, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 22, 13, 24593, 24585, 6, 27406, 6, 24595, 24585, 25273, 16, 24831, 28708, 24620, 27334, 24601, 25837, 25191, 28809, 25000, 26146, 24835, 24762, 24620, 27334, 24601, 24920, 69, 27529, 24595, 69, 24810, 26009, 24584, 26333, 27905, 69, 18, 27547, 46, 25019, 40, 26277, 24583, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 58, 24581, 24804, 51, 26106, 26624, 13, 24593, 27672, 25584, 93, 11, 87, 29857, 26936, 24831, 24625, 27222, 25690, 24633, 25049, 24647, 26152, 25091, 24607, 26307, 25063, 24904, 24775, 24588, 24584, 24684, 73, 26386, 18, 24736, 25230, 87, 26152, 5001, 40, 25301, 93, 5002, 25091, 25034, 24607, 25033, 27385, 24651, 25047, 18, 26333, 27905, 69, 12, 26333, 17, 26333, 13, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 26333, 27905, 69, 25287, 76, 24587, 24581, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 24596, 24788, 25853, 58, 24629, 27320, 24581, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 22, 13, 25428, 29448, 26657, 93, 27547, 25148, 27081, 27672, 25584, 93, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 37, 27444, 25275, 24753, 13, 24593, 40, 26277, 24583, 11, 87, 28002, 26936, 18, 62, 28396, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 29276, 29065, 82, 27941, 13, 24593, 24585, 24613, 26395, 26881, 24595, 26372, 24881, 24596, 27118, 24608, 26963, 18, 58, 24581, 24804, 12, 28164, 28164, 13, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25516, 24589, 24593, 28081, 24584, 13, 24593, 69, 25120, 72, 24831, 28707, 24589, 24601, 24755, 87, 28175, 24596, 24755, 24651, 24684, 28838, 16, 24607, 24593, 24762, 24691, 26103, 24676, 16, 25270, 74, 83, 24612, 24588, 24647, 46, 24632, 16, 46, 25019, 16, 24596, 27547, 26133, 18, 24736, 24593, 24762, 25419, 24673, 16, 24594, 27098, 24581, 25191, 28837, 24656, 24606, 26612, 18, 25133, 24590, 86, 24811, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 42, 69, 24642, 24829, 26151, 24645, 47, 24630, 24710, 17, 27425, 25870, 13, 48, 25038, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 26486, 25058, 29718, 47, 24630, 24710, 17, 27425, 25870, 13, 44, 25022, 24613, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 44, 25022, 24613, 28008, 25156, 24710, 13, 24788, 24633, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25259, 69, 24693, 24588, 13, 24593, 69, 44, 25229, 25632, 24831, 24600, 26872, 25421, 25403, 38, 25523, 24672, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 24618, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 22, 18, 46, 25187, 93, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 26333, 27905, 69, 25287, 76, 24587, 13, 27299, 24890, 93, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 28342, 69, 25287, 76, 24587, 13, 52, 24628, 87, 25478, 29286, 24695, 49, 24711, 24636, 24695, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 26684, 44, 24614, 24582, 13, 24593, 24585, 25889, 24595, 52, 24628, 25647, 26553, 16, 24831, 25541, 29509, 25120, 72, 11, 87, 73, 26386, 87, 24618, 69, 80, 26166, 16, 25302, 24583, 26763, 88, 24811, 24861, 26412, 24599, 52, 24628, 25647, 26553, 24596, 38, 25523, 26553, 24607, 25494, 24636, 26187, 24929, 24651, 25120, 27776, 18, 26457, 25714, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 37, 91, 79, 91, 24744, 25110, 13, 24593, 69, 24715, 25433, 26796, 24638, 24582, 84, 24628, 24831, 24587, 29368, 87, 26190, 24599, 24596, 25432, 29894, 24601, 25331, 24584, 24803, 25419, 24673, 29758, 18, 29617, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 29651, 44, 24988, 13, 24593, 25478, 29286, 24695, 11, 87, 28569, 24581, 24585, 24818, 28636, 18, 43, 28238, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 55, 24621, 25632, 47, 18, 27250, 13, 24620, 27334, 24601, 24636, 24748, 24595, 24585, 25419, 24673, 24655, 84, 24628, 87, 24595, 25154, 24663, 18, 24736, 24593, 26432, 24590, 25212, 24609, 24599, 24601, 29331, 16, 25221, 24594, 24657, 25423, 77, 17, 55, 24666, 24632, 24596, 24858, 24810, 25022, 93, 25212, 24609, 24921, 18, 24736, 24593, 69, 26663, 26187, 24595, 29286, 24695, 16, 26709, 24599, 25047, 24596, 24585, 25120, 27776, 18, 27941, 25995, 83, 25584, 26892, 73, 24737, 24593, 69, 24951, 24595, 25478, 29286, 24695, 49, 24711, 24636, 24695, 29588, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25241, 25019, 25079, 80, 24915, 13, 24593, 69, 84, 24628, 24831, 29340, 87, 69, 28597, 28220, 76, 24590, 24596, 24808, 69, 27614, 24616, 24804, 18, 24736, 24762, 27403, 24589, 26052, 25331, 24596, 24808, 24585, 26382, 24601, 25095, 18, 25218, 25882, 75, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 29442, 25231, 26343, 75, 24676, 13, 24593, 69, 84, 24628, 24831, 25994, 24594, 69, 26773, 29945, 18, 28374, 24591, 52, 24628, 12, 26985, 27871, 24601, 24636, 26116, 29138, 24647, 43, 25099, 72, 27425, 24715, 76, 24673, 16, 24835, 25545, 93, 24601, 28720, 24585, 26096, 24618, 29224, 27650, 87, 13, 25056, 29097, 52, 24628, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 27305, 29304, 24693, 28713, 13, 24593, 24585, 27430, 24595, 26715, 24584, 52, 24628, 25647, 26553, 16, 27263, 25683, 24599, 24684, 28885, 24601, 25323, 24580, 24939, 24590, 52, 24628, 25440, 18, 38, 24733, 27317, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 43, 24590, 24587, 27118, 24592, 27501, 83, 13, 24593, 69, 25537, 24595, 24585, 55, 53, 57, 41, 37, 48, 27003, 29662, 24596, 19, 24586, 69, 28090, 24699, 93, 84, 24628, 24831, 28260, 24618, 27780, 87, 24786, 24648, 25104, 24585, 52, 28989, 25209, 87, 24835, 24585, 27780, 87, 24786, 24648, 27350, 25047, 18, 25732, 24819, 52, 24628, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 29855, 56, 24590, 24594, 28395, 24806, 13, 24593, 69, 84, 24628, 24831, 25169, 25918, 25878, 25063, 24757, 24601, 28374, 24591, 52, 24628, 24581, 24684, 24867, 25405, 24672, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 26071, 25285, 16, 24835, 24651, 69, 80, 24853, 24696, 24644, 24584, 24684, 25280, 25547, 18, 25496, 25364, 24593, 69, 24600, 25947, 24601, 69, 25732, 24819, 25721, 24604, 24581, 24585, 24829, 24860, 25268, 18, 28409, 25714, 52, 24628, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 49, 24866, 25629, 25198, 24580, 93, 13, 24593, 25732, 24819, 52, 24628, 11, 87, 24791, 25651, 16, 24607, 24753, 25184, 24928, 25360, 24597, 28374, 24591, 52, 24628, 24672, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 18, 26549, 29338, 52, 24628, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 49, 25301, 24716, 29057, 13, 24593, 29588, 11, 87, 26636, 26936, 24596, 29588, 11, 87, 25089, 87, 24751, 25632, 24601, 24636, 28704, 24618, 24627, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87, 28378, 24716, 18, 52, 24628, 29852, 25134, 25403, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 26486, 25058, 29718, 47, 24630, 24710, 17, 27425, 25870, 13, 55, 26391, 24716, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 42, 69, 24642, 24829, 26151, 24645, 47, 24630, 24710, 17, 27425, 25870, 13, 27175, 25140, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 49, 24945, 27303, 26664, 13, 25125, 92, 24934, 28062, 25971, 25038, 26917, 93, 56, 24643, 24819, 24980, 24584, 27953, 41, 24638, 24928, 49, 24789, 93, 41, 24638, 24604, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 26638, 40, 26224, 80, 24754, 13, 24583, 24867, 70, 26624, 73, 24638, 24604, 16, 24593, 24583, 25247, 24725, 24713, 73, 24638, 24604, 24595, 38, 25523, 26553, 18, 24736, 24593, 69, 26707, 24655, 73, 24638, 24604, 18, 25496, 24818, 25364, 24593, 41, 25208, 18, 62, 24645, 69, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 28196, 27404, 27902, 13, 24593, 24585, 27406, 24595, 41, 24638, 24604, 26553, 16, 24831, 25494, 26395, 24619, 25312, 38, 25523, 26553, 24596, 52, 24628, 25647, 26553, 18, 25079, 24593, 49, 24789, 93, 41, 24638, 24604, 11, 87, 26512, 18, 24821, 27468, 24716, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 56, 26925, 24956, 44, 25301, 24679, 13, 24593, 24585, 26672, 24595, 49, 24789, 93, 41, 24638, 24604, 24596, 62, 24645, 69, 18, 25899, 25187, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 41, 24880, 24587, 24860, 28097, 24636, 94, 13, 24593, 41, 24638, 24604, 26553, 11, 87, 25318, 27531, 24641, 24651, 69, 28750, 24616, 24804, 18, 28622, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 62, 24769, 27427, 87, 13, 24593, 24583, 73, 24638, 24604, 24831, 25994, 24618, 62, 24645, 69, 18, 26345, 25064, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 27439, 73, 26148, 24951, 13, 24593, 24583, 73, 24638, 24604, 24831, 25994, 24618, 62, 24645, 69, 18, 29377, 41, 24638, 24604, 25464, 26065, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25133, 25188, 38, 25187, 26573, 13, 24593, 69, 25153, 17, 24771, 25889, 28727, 29684, 24831, 25994, 24618, 62, 24645, 69, 18, 37, 92, 24613, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 26148, 26608, 24816, 25054, 13, 24593, 24748, 24595, 24585, 28727, 25309, 25598, 24831, 25994, 24618, 62, 24645, 69, 18, 47, 28146, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 24934, 24934, 55, 77, 26965, 13, 24593, 69, 28727, 29684, 24831, 25994, 24618, 62, 24645, 69, 18, 44, 25358, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25133, 25188, 38, 25187, 26573, 13, 24593, 69, 28727, 29684, 24831, 25994, 24618, 62, 24645, 69, 18, 24736, 24593, 25878, 29818, 25150, 24684, 28325, 18, 41, 24638, 24604, 28199, 73, 25158, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25149, 25287, 76, 24587, 13, 51, 27395, 24800, 24634, 24702, 24627, 24784, 25865, 24686, 69, 25273, 24595, 24784, 25865, 24831, 24686, 73, 24590, 24587, 24647, 24585, 25120, 27776, 18, 49, 24858, 55, 82, 25019, 12, 28720, 24647, 43, 26806, 25014, 24692, 24943, 13, 24593, 69, 28602, 25019, 18, 41, 25169, 25279, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 25134, 25403, 28269, 87, 13, 24593, 69, 28602, 24700, 24909, 88, 24651, 29365, 28062, 24589, 18, 27081, 26392, 38, 28713, 24585, 55, 24761, 12, 26116, 29138, 24647, 39, 25376, 24734, 28063, 24795, 13, 24593, 69, 28716, 24757, 25120, 72, 24831, 29415, 24594, 24585, 27274, 71, 24643, 24618, 27118, 24608, 26963, 11, 87, 25927, 24582, 29753, 27064, 18, 24838, 24800, 24699, 93, 38, 25523, 87 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
2925962
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendigorr%C3%ADa
Mendigorría
Mendigorría (Basque: Mendigorria) is a town and municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain. The Battle of Mendigorría took place here in 1835. References External links MENDIGORRIA in the Bernardo Estornés Lasa - Auñamendi Encyclopedia (Euskomedia Fundazioa) Municipalities in Navarre
[ "M", "end", "ig", "or", "r", "ía", "(", "Bas", "que", ":", "M", "end", "ig", "or", "ria", ")", "is", "a", "town", "and", "municipality", "located", "in", "the", "province", "and", "aut", "onom", "ous", "community", "of", "N", "av", "ar", "re", ",", "northern", "Spain", ".", "The", "Battle", "of", "M", "end", "ig", "or", "r", "ía", "took", "place", "here", "in", "18", "35", ".", "References", "External", "links", "M", "E", "N", "D", "I", "G", "O", "R", "R", "IA", "in", "the", "Bern", "ard", "o", "Est", "orn", "é", "s", "Las", "a", "-", "Au", "ñ", "am", "end", "i", "En", "cycl", "op", "edia", "(", "E", "us", "k", "om", "edia", "F", "und", "az", "io", "a", ")", "Municip", "al", "ities", "in", "N", "av", "ar", "re" ]
[ 49, 24725, 24628, 24586, 86, 29485, 12, 27609, 25657, 30, 49, 24725, 24628, 24586, 29504, 13, 24593, 69, 25305, 24596, 28016, 25616, 24581, 24585, 28459, 24596, 26505, 27509, 24797, 26248, 24595, 50, 24668, 24592, 24600, 16, 27619, 27471, 18, 24627, 27474, 24595, 49, 24725, 24628, 24586, 86, 29485, 25676, 25468, 28462, 24581, 24722, 26400, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 49, 41, 50, 40, 45, 43, 51, 54, 54, 29154, 24581, 24585, 28128, 24695, 83, 29928, 24884, 200, 87, 29936, 69, 17, 25085, 208, 24611, 24725, 77, 24879, 27518, 24644, 29698, 12, 41, 24640, 79, 24605, 29698, 42, 25324, 25022, 24860, 69, 13, 28526, 24591, 25082, 24581, 50, 24668, 24592, 24600 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
15533692
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa%20Santa%20Museum
Casa Santa Museum
The Casa Santa Museum is a public attraction at Jardin de Miramar, located in Antipolo, east of Metro Manila in The Philippines. The museum features Casa Santa Houses, which contain collections of Santa Claus figurines. It is one of the most extensive private collections of Santa Claus items in the world, with more than 3,700 figures. History The Casa Santa Museum started out as a small personal collection until it grew to a size where it needed a house where the Santa figurines could "live." The Casa Santa was then converted from a family rest house into a museum of Santa Claus collection in 1995. The house was remodelled by folk architect Rosario Encarnacion Tan, and the lighting design inside the museum was crafted by international Japanese light designer Shoko Matsumoto. In December 2004, it was the cover of Starweek'''s Christmas and in Christmas 2008 appeared in the front page of the Philippine Inquirer. It has appeared in over 50 TV and movie productions -- Rated K, Wish Ko Lang, Unang Hirit, Magandang Umagang Bayan, US Girls, Boy and Kris''. On international television, it was covered by two news agencies, Reuters and Associated Press. In addition to the collection, is a room full of miniature Christmas villages. A starter collection in the loft was displayed in 2010. After acquiring a significant number of mini-houses this year, it was given a room of its own. The village was designed by Bamboo Tonogbanua of Bacolod, who is a Christmas village collector. In 2015, a newly renovated Santa's village was created by Christmas village miniature artist Bamboo Tonogbanua, an Ilonggo artist. The Casa Santa Playroom was designed to house small and big Santa stuffed toys collection. References External links Antipolo Travel Guide information Official website Sculpture gardens, trails and parks in Asia Museums in the Philippines Museums established in 1995 1995 establishments in the Philippines Buildings and structures in Antipolo Santa Claus Tourist attractions in Rizal Christmas art
[ "The", "Cas", "a", "Santa", "Museum", "is", "a", "public", "attr", "action", "at", "J", "ard", "in", "de", "Mir", "am", "ar", ",", "located", "in", "Ant", "ip", "ol", "o", ",", "east", "of", "Metro", "Man", "ila", "in", "The", "Philippines", ".", "The", "museum", "features", "Cas", "a", "Santa", "H", "ous", "es", ",", "which", "contain", "colle", "ctions", "of", "Santa", "Cl", "a", "us", "fig", "ur", "ines", ".", "It", "is", "one", "of", "the", "most", "ext", "ensive", "private", "colle", "ctions", "of", "Santa", "Cl", "a", "us", "it", "ems", "in", "the", "world", ",", "with", "more", "than", "3", ",", "7", "00", "fig", "ures", ".", "History", "The", "Cas", "a", "Santa", "Museum", "started", "out", "as", "a", "small", "personal", "collection", "until", "it", "grew", "to", "a", "size", "where", "it", "needed", "a", "house", "where", "the", "Santa", "fig", "ur", "ines", "could", "\"", "live", ".\"", "The", "Cas", "a", "Santa", "was", "then", "conver", "ted", "from", "a", "family", "rest", "house", "into", "a", "museum", "of", "Santa", "Cl", "a", "us", "collection", "in", "1995", ".", "The", "house", "was", "re", "mod", "elled", "by", "folk", "architect", "Ros", "ar", "io", "En", "car", "n", "ac", "ion", "Tan", ",", "and", "the", "light", "ing", "design", "inside", "the", "museum", "was", "cr", "af", "ted", "by", "international", "Japanese", "light", "design", "er", "Sh", "ok", "o", "M", "ats", "um", "oto", ".", "In", "December", "2004", ",", "it", "was", "the", "cover", "of", "Star", "week", "'", "'", "'", "s", "Christmas", "and", "in", "Christmas", "2008", "appeared", "in", "the", "front", "page", "of", "the", "Philipp", "ine", "In", "qu", "ir", "er", ".", "It", "has", "appeared", "in", "over", "50", "TV", "and", "movie", "produ", "ctions", "-", "-", "R", "ated", "K", ",", "W", "ish", "Ko", "L", "ang", ",", "Un", "ang", "H", "ir", "it", ",", "Mag", "and", "ang", "U", "mag", "ang", "Bay", "an", ",", "US", "Girl", "s", ",", "Boy", "and", "K", "ris", "'", "'", ".", "On", "international", "television", ",", "it", "was", "covered", "by", "two", "news", "ag", "encies", ",", "Re", "u", "ters", "and", "Associ", "ated", "Press", ".", "In", "addition", "to", "the", "collection", ",", "is", "a", "room", "full", "of", "min", "i", "ature", "Christmas", "villages", ".", "A", "star", "ter", "collection", "in", "the", "l", "oft", "was", "dis", "played", "in", "2010", ".", "After", "acqu", "iring", "a", "significant", "number", "of", "min", "i", "-", "houses", "this", "year", ",", "it", "was", "given", "a", "room", "of", "its", "own", ".", "The", "village", "was", "designed", "by", "B", "am", "bo", "o", "T", "on", "og", "ban", "ua", "of", "Bac", "ol", "od", ",", "who", "is", "a", "Christmas", "village", "colle", "ctor", ".", "In", "2015", ",", "a", "newly", "ren", "ov", "ated", "Santa", "'", "s", "village", "was", "created", "by", "Christmas", "village", "min", "i", "ature", "artist", "B", "am", "bo", "o", "T", "on", "og", "ban", "ua", ",", "an", "I", "long", "go", "artist", ".", "The", "Cas", "a", "Santa", "Play", "room", "was", "designed", "to", "house", "small", "and", "big", "Santa", "st", "u", "ff", "ed", "to", "ys", "collection", ".", "References", "External", "links", "Ant", "ip", "ol", "o", "Tr", "avel", "Gu", "ide", "information", "Official", "website", "Sc", "ulpt", "ure", "g", "ard", "ens", ",", "tr", "ails", "and", "par", "ks", "in", "Asia", "Museum", "s", "in", "the", "Philippines", "Museum", "s", "established", "in", "1995", "1995", "establishments", "in", "the", "Philippines", "Buildings", "and", "structures", "in", "Ant", "ip", "ol", "o", "Santa", "Cl", "a", "us", "Tour", "ist", "attr", "actions", "in", "R", "iz", "al", "Christmas", "art" ]
[ 24627, 28566, 69, 28744, 26531, 24593, 69, 25242, 27094, 26146, 24590, 46, 24695, 24581, 24650, 28445, 24611, 24592, 16, 25616, 24581, 29457, 24696, 24612, 83, 16, 26376, 24595, 28215, 25310, 28203, 24581, 24627, 29296, 18, 24627, 28167, 27054, 28566, 69, 28744, 44, 24797, 24589, 16, 24763, 26189, 29375, 25509, 24595, 28744, 25046, 69, 24640, 26912, 24615, 25675, 18, 24805, 24593, 24748, 24595, 24585, 25066, 25588, 26574, 27145, 29375, 25509, 24595, 28744, 25046, 69, 24640, 24598, 27334, 24581, 24585, 25750, 16, 24651, 25060, 25208, 23, 16, 27, 24799, 26912, 25224, 18, 25592, 24627, 28566, 69, 28744, 26531, 26213, 24767, 24594, 69, 25734, 27706, 27646, 25359, 24598, 29125, 24601, 69, 27321, 25072, 24598, 29501, 69, 25470, 25072, 24585, 28744, 26912, 24615, 25675, 25803, 6, 26622, 25215, 24627, 28566, 69, 28744, 24625, 25115, 28949, 24826, 24672, 69, 25334, 25448, 25470, 25000, 69, 28167, 24595, 28744, 25046, 69, 24640, 27646, 24581, 26320, 18, 24627, 25470, 24625, 24600, 25357, 28660, 24647, 28589, 28538, 27341, 24592, 24860, 24879, 25653, 82, 24616, 24602, 29447, 16, 24596, 24585, 26327, 24599, 25405, 29273, 24585, 28167, 24625, 24810, 24744, 24826, 24647, 26101, 26288, 26327, 25405, 24582, 24950, 24834, 83, 49, 25729, 24656, 25882, 18, 24657, 25422, 25783, 16, 24598, 24625, 24585, 25445, 24595, 26966, 26546, 11, 11, 11, 87, 29838, 24596, 24581, 29838, 25505, 26530, 24581, 24585, 26633, 27861, 24595, 24585, 27786, 24734, 24657, 24715, 24624, 24582, 18, 24805, 24808, 26530, 24581, 24752, 25681, 25905, 24596, 28636, 25027, 25509, 17, 17, 54, 24712, 47, 16, 59, 24679, 27847, 48, 24822, 16, 24739, 24822, 44, 24624, 24598, 16, 26282, 24596, 24822, 57, 25984, 24822, 26601, 24583, 16, 25473, 28299, 87, 16, 27376, 24596, 47, 26739, 11, 11, 18, 24964, 26101, 25780, 16, 24598, 24625, 26590, 24647, 24907, 27988, 24638, 28559, 16, 24693, 89, 24998, 24596, 26002, 24712, 26647, 18, 24657, 26012, 24601, 24585, 27646, 16, 24593, 69, 26491, 26453, 24595, 24931, 77, 25690, 29838, 29721, 18, 37, 27482, 24621, 27646, 24581, 24585, 80, 29303, 24625, 24913, 25350, 24581, 25449, 18, 25302, 26501, 29673, 69, 27122, 25387, 24595, 24931, 77, 17, 28149, 24927, 24854, 16, 24598, 24625, 26207, 69, 26491, 24595, 24783, 24781, 18, 24627, 25879, 24625, 27018, 24647, 38, 24611, 24807, 83, 56, 24584, 24776, 25870, 28384, 24595, 29293, 24612, 24694, 16, 24831, 24593, 69, 29838, 25879, 29375, 25158, 18, 24657, 25611, 16, 69, 29727, 26183, 24658, 24712, 28744, 11, 87, 25879, 24625, 26199, 24647, 29838, 25879, 24931, 77, 25690, 26719, 38, 24611, 24807, 83, 56, 24584, 24776, 25870, 28384, 16, 24583, 45, 25444, 25192, 26719, 18, 24627, 28566, 69, 28744, 26390, 26491, 24625, 27018, 24601, 25470, 25734, 24596, 28007, 28744, 24606, 89, 25078, 24588, 24601, 25312, 27646, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 29457, 24696, 24612, 83, 25024, 29702, 25409, 24814, 26961, 27588, 26658, 25076, 28333, 24794, 75, 24695, 24845, 16, 24664, 28060, 24596, 25041, 24737, 24581, 27920, 26531, 87, 24581, 24585, 29296, 26531, 87, 25572, 24581, 26320, 26320, 26712, 24581, 24585, 29296, 29994, 24596, 28010, 24581, 29457, 24696, 24612, 83, 28744, 25046, 69, 24640, 26563, 24641, 27094, 27424, 24581, 54, 24782, 24591, 29838, 24673 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
60665715
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embassy%20of%20Mexico%2C%20Vienna
Embassy of Mexico, Vienna
The Embassy of Mexico in Austria, based out of Vienna, is the primary diplomatic mission from the United Mexican States to the Republic of Austria. It is also accredited to the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Slovenia and the United Nations Office at Vienna. Location The chancery and the consular section of the Embassy is located on the first floor of Renngasse 5 in Vienna. In addition to the Embassy in Vienna, Mexico also maintains a consulate in the town of Wattens that is responsible for representing Mexico in the Austrian states of Tyrol and Salzburg. It is located at Blattenwaldweg 8. Mexico also maintains a cultural institute in Vienna showcasing Mexican art, culture and film. The institute opened in 1996 and is located at Türkenstraße 15 in Vienna. History Mexico and Austria established diplomatic relations on 30 July 1842 via the Treaty of Friendship, Navigation and Commerce. Relations between the two countries were strained when, in December of 1861, Napoleon III successfully invaded Mexico under the pretext of recovering unpaid debts. However, Napoleon really intended to extend France's influence in the region by establishing a French client state. While the French were eventually repelled, its actions had damaged Mexican opinion of European nations and on 8 December 1867, President Benito Juárez severed ties with all European countries. Relations with Austria remained severed until June of 1901, when they were reestablished by President Porfirio Díaz. Relations were again severed in 1938 due to the Anschluss of Austria by Nazi Germany. Mexico was the only country to protest this action before the League of Nations. After the war, relations were reestablished and have since flourished. Ambassadors The Ambassador of Mexico to the Austria is the highest ranking diplomatic representative of the United Mexican States to the Republic of Austrian and subsequently holds the rank of "ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary." The following is a list of Mexican ambassadors since 2000: Under President Vicente Fox (2000 – 2006) 2000 – 02: Olga Pellicer y Silva 2002 – 06: Patricia Espinosa Cantellano Under President Felipe Calderón (2006 – 2012) 2006 – 07: Fausto Armando Vivanco Castellanos (Acting) 2007: Ulises Canchola Gutiérrez (Acting) 2007 – 12: Alejandro Díaz y Pérez Duarte Under President Enrique Peña Nieto (2012 – 2018) 2012 – 13: Alejandro Díaz y Pérez Duarte 2013 – 16: Luis Alfonso de Alba Góngora 2016 – 18: Alicia Guadalupe Buenrostro Massieu Under President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (2018 – Present) 2018 – 20: Alicia Guadalupe Buenrostro Massieu 2020 - Present: Luis Javier Campuzano Piña Slovenia Mexico and Slovenia established diplomatic relations on 22 May 1992, the same day that Slovenia joined the United Nations. In 1996 both countries signed the Memorandum of Understanding for the Establishment of a Mechanism of Consultation in Matters of Mutual Interest, as well as the Agreement on Educational and Cultural Cooperation Mexico – Slovenia, the first bilateral agreements signed between the two countries. That same year, Mexico opened an honorary consulate in Ljubljana. While Slovenia does not maintain an embassy in Mexico, as its Embassy in the United States is accredited to Mexico, it does maintain two consulates in Mexico. These consulates are located in Guadalajara and Mexico City. Slovakia Mexico and Slovakia established diplomatic relations on 1 January 1993, the first day of its existence. Prior to this, Mexico had maintained relations with Slovakia's predecessor, Czechoslovakia, since 1922, with a short respite during World War 2. In 1959 both countries established embassies in each others capitals. On 31 December 1992 Czechoslovakia was dissolved into the independent countries of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Initially Mexico was represented in Slovakia via its embassy in Prague. However, in 1996 Mexico accredited relations to Slovakia via its embassy in Vienna due to its close proximity to the Slovak capital of Bratislava. Slovakia's diplomatic representation in Mexico includes and embassy in Mexico City, as well as honorary consulates in Monterrey and Cancún. Mexico maintains an honorary consulate in Bratislava. United Nations Office at Vienna The Ambassador of Mexico to Austria also functions as Mexico's permanent representative to the United Nations Office at Vienna. The permanent representative is responsible for promoting the collaboration and interests of Mexico within United Nations organizations based in Vienna. The permanent representative represents Mexico before the following organizations: Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organisation Preparatory Commission United Nations Industrial Development Organization International Atomic Energy Agency United Nations Office at Vienna United Nations Commission on International Trade Law United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Wassenaar Arrangement Nuclear Suppliers Group United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space International Anti-Corruption Academy See also Austria–Mexico relations Foreign relations of Mexico List of diplomatic missions of Mexico References External links Official website (in Spanish) Secretariat of Foreign Affairs (in Spanish) Vienna Mexico Mexican Embassy Mexican Embassy Mexican Embassy
[ "The", "Em", "bass", "y", "of", "Mexico", "in", "Austria", ",", "based", "out", "of", "Vi", "enna", ",", "is", "the", "primary", "di", "plom", "atic", "mission", "from", "the", "United", "Mexican", "States", "to", "the", "Republic", "of", "Austria", ".", "It", "is", "also", "ac", "credited", "to", "the", "Slov", "ak", "Republic", ",", "the", "Republic", "of", "Slov", "en", "ia", "and", "the", "United", "Nations", "Office", "at", "Vi", "enna", ".", "Loc", "ation", "The", "chan", "cer", "y", "and", "the", "cons", "ular", "section", "of", "the", "Em", "bass", "y", "is", "located", "on", "the", "first", "floor", "of", "R", "enn", "gas", "se", "5", "in", "Vi", "enna", ".", "In", "addition", "to", "the", "Em", "bass", "y", "in", "Vi", "enna", ",", "Mexico", "also", "maintain", "s", "a", "cons", "ul", "ate", "in", "the", "town", "of", "W", "att", "ens", "that", "is", "responsible", "for", "represent", "ing", "Mexico", "in", "the", "Austr", "ian", "states", "of", "T", "yr", "ol", "and", "Sal", "z", "burg", ".", "It", "is", "located", "at", "Bl", "att", "en", "w", "ald", "we", "g", "8", ".", "Mexico", "also", "maintain", "s", "a", "cultural", "in", "stitute", "in", "Vi", "enna", "show", "cas", "ing", "Mexican", "art", ",", "culture", "and", "film", ".", "The", "in", "stitute", "opened", "in", "1996", "and", "is", "located", "at", "T", "ür", "ken", "stra", "ß", "e", "15", "in", "Vi", "enna", ".", "History", "Mexico", "and", "Austria", "established", "di", "plom", "atic", "relations", "on", "30", "July", "184", "2", "via", "the", "Treat", "y", "of", "Fr", "iend", "ship", ",", "N", "av", "ig", "ation", "and", "Com", "mer", "ce", ".", "Rel", "ations", "between", "the", "two", "countries", "were", "str", "ained", "when", ",", "in", "December", "of", "186", "1", ",", "Nap", "ole", "on", "III", "successfully", "inv", "ad", "ed", "Mexico", "under", "the", "pre", "text", "of", "re", "cover", "ing", "un", "paid", "deb", "ts", ".", "However", ",", "Nap", "ole", "on", "re", "ally", "intended", "to", "ext", "end", "France", "'", "s", "influence", "in", "the", "region", "by", "establish", "ing", "a", "French", "cl", "ient", "state", ".", "While", "the", "French", "were", "eventually", "re", "p", "elled", ",", "its", "actions", "had", "dam", "aged", "Mexican", "op", "in", "ion", "of", "European", "n", "ations", "and", "on", "8", "December", "186", "7", ",", "President", "Ben", "it", "o", "Ju", "á", "re", "z", "se", "ver", "ed", "ties", "with", "all", "European", "countries", ".", "Rel", "ations", "with", "Austria", "remained", "se", "ver", "ed", "until", "June", "of", "190", "1", ",", "when", "they", "were", "re", "established", "by", "President", "Por", "fir", "io", "D", "í", "az", ".", "Rel", "ations", "were", "again", "se", "ver", "ed", "in", "1938", "due", "to", "the", "An", "sch", "l", "uss", "of", "Austria", "by", "Naz", "i", "Germany", ".", "Mexico", "was", "the", "only", "country", "to", "protest", "this", "action", "before", "the", "League", "of", "Nations", ".", "After", "the", "war", ",", "relations", "were", "re", "established", "and", "have", "since", "fl", "our", "ished", ".", "Am", "bass", "ad", "ors", "The", "Am", "bass", "ador", "of", "Mexico", "to", "the", "Austria", "is", "the", "highest", "ran", "king", "di", "plom", "atic", "represent", "ative", "of", "the", "United", "Mexican", "States", "to", "the", "Republic", "of", "Austr", "ian", "and", "subsequently", "holds", "the", "rank", "of", "\"", "amb", "ass", "ador", "ex", "tra", "ord", "inary", "and", "pl", "en", "ip", "ot", "ent", "i", "ary", ".\"", "The", "following", "is", "a", "list", "of", "Mexican", "amb", "ass", "ad", "ors", "since", "2000", ":", "Under", "President", "V", "ic", "ent", "e", "Fox", "(", "2000", "–", "2006", ")", "2000", "–", "0", "2", ":", "Ol", "ga", "P", "ell", "ic", "er", "y", "Sil", "va", "2002", "–", "0", "6", ":", "Pat", "ric", "ia", "E", "sp", "in", "os", "a", "C", "ant", "ell", "ano", "Under", "President", "F", "el", "ipe", "Cal", "der", "ón", "(", "2006", "–", "2012", ")", "2006", "–", "07", ":", "F", "a", "us", "to", "Ar", "mand", "o", "V", "iv", "an", "co", "Cast", "ell", "an", "os", "(", "Act", "ing", ")", "2007", ":", "Ul", "ises", "Can", "ch", "ola", "G", "ut", "i", "ér", "re", "z", "(", "Act", "ing", ")", "2007", "–", "12", ":", "Ale", "j", "and", "ro", "D", "í", "az", "y", "P", "é", "re", "z", "Du", "art", "e", "Under", "President", "En", "ri", "que", "Pe", "ñ", "a", "N", "ie", "to", "(", "2012", "–", "2018", ")", "2012", "–", "13", ":", "Ale", "j", "and", "ro", "D", "í", "az", "y", "P", "é", "re", "z", "Du", "art", "e", "2013", "–", "16", ":", "Lu", "is", "Al", "f", "on", "so", "de", "Al", "ba", "G", "ón", "g", "ora", "2016", "–", "18", ":", "Al", "ic", "ia", "Gu", "ad", "al", "u", "pe", "Bu", "en", "ro", "st", "ro", "Mass", "ie", "u", "Under", "President", "An", "dr", "é", "s", "Man", "uel", "L", "ó", "pe", "z", "O", "br", "ador", "(", "2018", "–", "Pres", "ent", ")", "2018", "–", "20", ":", "Al", "ic", "ia", "Gu", "ad", "al", "u", "pe", "Bu", "en", "ro", "st", "ro", "Mass", "ie", "u", "2020", "-", "Pres", "ent", ":", "Lu", "is", "J", "av", "ier", "Camp", "uz", "ano", "P", "i", "ñ", "a", "Slov", "en", "ia", "Mexico", "and", "Slov", "en", "ia", "established", "di", "plom", "atic", "relations", "on", "22", "May", "1992", ",", "the", "same", "day", "that", "Slov", "en", "ia", "joined", "the", "United", "Nations", ".", "In", "1996", "both", "countries", "signed", "the", "M", "emor", "and", "um", "of", "Under", "standing", "for", "the", "Est", "ab", "lish", "ment", "of", "a", "Me", "chan", "ism", "of", "Con", "s", "ult", "ation", "in", "Mat", "ters", "of", "M", "ut", "ual", "Inter", "est", ",", "as", "well", "as", "the", "Ag", "re", "ement", "on", "Educ", "ational", "and", "Cult", "ural", "Co", "operation", "Mexico", "–", "Slov", "en", "ia", ",", "the", "first", "b", "il", "ater", "al", "agre", "ements", "signed", "between", "the", "two", "countries", ".", "That", "same", "year", ",", "Mexico", "opened", "an", "honor", "ary", "cons", "ul", "ate", "in", "L", "j", "ub", "l", "j", "ana", ".", "While", "Slov", "en", "ia", "does", "not", "maintain", "an", "emb", "ass", "y", "in", "Mexico", ",", "as", "its", "Em", "bass", "y", "in", "the", "United", "States", "is", "ac", "credited", "to", "Mexico", ",", "it", "does", "maintain", "two", "cons", "ul", "ates", "in", "Mexico", ".", "These", "cons", "ul", "ates", "are", "located", "in", "Gu", "ad", "al", "aj", "ara", "and", "Mexico", "City", ".", "Slov", "ak", "ia", "Mexico", "and", "Slov", "ak", "ia", "established", "di", "plom", "atic", "relations", "on", "1", "January", "1993", ",", "the", "first", "day", "of", "its", "exist", "ence", ".", "Pr", "ior", "to", "this", ",", "Mexico", "had", "main", "tained", "relations", "with", "Slov", "ak", "ia", "'", "s", "pred", "e", "cess", "or", ",", "Czech", "os", "lov", "ak", "ia", ",", "since", "1922", ",", "with", "a", "short", "resp", "ite", "during", "World", "War", "2", ".", "In", "1959", "both", "countries", "established", "emb", "ass", "ies", "in", "each", "others", "cap", "it", "als", ".", "On", "31", "December", "1992", "Czech", "os", "lov", "ak", "ia", "was", "diss", "ol", "ved", "into", "the", "independent", "countries", "of", "the", "Czech", "Republic", "and", "Slov", "ak", "ia", ".", "In", "it", "ially", "Mexico", "was", "represented", "in", "Slov", "ak", "ia", "via", "its", "emb", "ass", "y", "in", "Pr", "ague", ".", "However", ",", "in", "1996", "Mexico", "ac", "credited", "relations", "to", "Slov", "ak", "ia", "via", "its", "emb", "ass", "y", "in", "Vi", "enna", "due", "to", "its", "close", "pro", "x", "im", "ity", "to", "the", "Slov", "ak", "capital", "of", "Br", "at", "isl", "ava", ".", "Slov", "ak", "ia", "'", "s", "di", "plom", "atic", "represent", "ation", "in", "Mexico", "includes", "and", "emb", "ass", "y", "in", "Mexico", "City", ",", "as", "well", "as", "honor", "ary", "cons", "ul", "ates", "in", "Mon", "ter", "rey", "and", "Can", "c", "ú", "n", ".", "Mexico", "maintain", "s", "an", "honor", "ary", "cons", "ul", "ate", "in", "Br", "at", "isl", "ava", ".", "United", "Nations", "Office", "at", "Vi", "enna", "The", "Am", "bass", "ador", "of", "Mexico", "to", "Austria", "also", "fun", "ctions", "as", "Mexico", "'", "s", "perman", "ent", "represent", "ative", "to", "the", "United", "Nations", "Office", "at", "Vi", "enna", ".", "The", "perman", "ent", "represent", "ative", "is", "responsible", "for", "promot", "ing", "the", "collabor", "ation", "and", "inter", "ests", "of", "Mexico", "within", "United", "Nations", "organizations", "based", "in", "Vi", "enna", ".", "The", "perman", "ent", "represent", "ative", "re", "pres", "ents", "Mexico", "before", "the", "following", "organizations", ":", "Com", "pre", "h", "ensive", "N", "uc", "lear", "-", "Test", "-", "Ban", "Treat", "y", "Organ", "isation", "Pre", "par", "atory", "Commission", "United", "Nations", "Industr", "ial", "Development", "Organ", "ization", "International", "A", "tom", "ic", "En", "ergy", "A", "gency", "United", "Nations", "Office", "at", "Vi", "enna", "United", "Nations", "Commission", "on", "International", "Tr", "ade", "Law", "United", "Nations", "Office", "for", "O", "uter", "Space", "Affairs", "United", "Nations", "Office", "on", "Dr", "ug", "s", "and", "Cr", "ime", "W", "ass", "ena", "ar", "Ar", "ran", "g", "ement", "N", "uc", "lear", "Sup", "pl", "iers", "Group", "United", "Nations", "Committee", "on", "the", "Pe", "ace", "ful", "U", "ses", "of", "O", "uter", "Space", "International", "An", "ti", "-", "Cor", "rupt", "ion", "Academy", "See", "also", "Austria", "–", "Mexico", "relations", "Foreign", "relations", "of", "Mexico", "List", "of", "di", "plom", "atic", "miss", "ions", "of", "Mexico", "References", "External", "links", "Official", "website", "(", "in", "Spanish", ")", "Se", "cret", "ari", "at", "of", "Foreign", "Affairs", "(", "in", "Spanish", ")", "Vi", "enna", "Mexico", "Mexican", "Em", "bass", "y", "Mexican", "Em", "bass", "y", "Mexican", "Em", "bass", "y" ]
[ 24627, 25971, 27165, 93, 24595, 27113, 24581, 29579, 16, 25413, 24767, 24595, 28164, 29454, 16, 24593, 24585, 27592, 25817, 29419, 25677, 26723, 24672, 24585, 24994, 28750, 25131, 24601, 24585, 26681, 24595, 29579, 18, 24805, 24593, 24762, 24616, 28704, 24601, 24585, 28864, 24700, 26681, 16, 24585, 26681, 24595, 28864, 24587, 24677, 24596, 24585, 24994, 28772, 28201, 24590, 28164, 29454, 18, 27770, 24626, 24627, 25778, 25040, 93, 24596, 24585, 25109, 25119, 26975, 24595, 24585, 25971, 27165, 93, 24593, 25616, 24584, 24585, 24818, 29008, 24595, 54, 25187, 27556, 24620, 25, 24581, 28164, 29454, 18, 24657, 26012, 24601, 24585, 25971, 27165, 93, 24581, 28164, 29454, 16, 27113, 24762, 29314, 87, 69, 25109, 24649, 24688, 24581, 24585, 25305, 24595, 59, 24866, 24845, 24682, 24593, 28734, 24618, 25833, 24599, 27113, 24581, 24585, 25200, 24669, 27221, 24595, 56, 26614, 24612, 24596, 26200, 94, 26324, 18, 24805, 24593, 25616, 24590, 25241, 24866, 24587, 91, 26624, 24887, 75, 28, 18, 27113, 24762, 29314, 87, 69, 28540, 24581, 26217, 24581, 28164, 29454, 25339, 25823, 24599, 28750, 24673, 16, 27521, 24596, 24932, 18, 24627, 24581, 26217, 26274, 24581, 26234, 24596, 24593, 25616, 24590, 56, 29455, 27975, 28867, 190, 73, 25018, 24581, 28164, 29454, 18, 25592, 27113, 24596, 29579, 25572, 25817, 29419, 25677, 29118, 24584, 25402, 25363, 26422, 22, 26851, 24585, 29747, 93, 24595, 24974, 25941, 24929, 16, 50, 24668, 24628, 24626, 24596, 24875, 24719, 24648, 18, 27689, 24833, 25142, 24585, 24907, 27273, 24747, 24740, 26579, 25091, 16, 24581, 25422, 24595, 25802, 21, 16, 29740, 26578, 24584, 27108, 29966, 25212, 24614, 24588, 27113, 25016, 24585, 24970, 26190, 24595, 24600, 25445, 24599, 24631, 29465, 28435, 24704, 18, 25805, 16, 29740, 26578, 24584, 24600, 24904, 29170, 24601, 25588, 24725, 26024, 11, 87, 28818, 24581, 24585, 26436, 24647, 25960, 24599, 69, 25596, 24691, 25397, 25338, 18, 26751, 24585, 25596, 24747, 27235, 24600, 84, 28660, 16, 24783, 27424, 24798, 26482, 26231, 28750, 24644, 24581, 24602, 24595, 26085, 82, 24833, 24596, 24584, 28, 25422, 25802, 27, 16, 26180, 26593, 24598, 83, 25249, 192, 24600, 94, 24620, 24735, 24588, 26797, 24651, 24663, 26085, 27273, 18, 27689, 24833, 24651, 29579, 27093, 24620, 24735, 24588, 25359, 25347, 24595, 25454, 21, 16, 25091, 25002, 24747, 24600, 25572, 24647, 26180, 27774, 24787, 24860, 40, 204, 25022, 18, 27689, 24833, 24747, 25098, 24620, 24735, 24588, 24581, 28398, 25769, 24601, 24585, 24800, 25958, 80, 25231, 24595, 29579, 24647, 29027, 77, 26269, 18, 27113, 24625, 24585, 25089, 26052, 24601, 29102, 24927, 26146, 25327, 24585, 25375, 24595, 28772, 18, 25302, 24585, 25573, 16, 29118, 24747, 24600, 25572, 24596, 24920, 25570, 24949, 24714, 25814, 18, 25417, 27165, 24614, 24903, 24627, 25417, 27165, 27721, 24595, 27113, 24601, 24585, 29579, 24593, 24585, 27794, 24771, 25889, 25817, 29419, 25677, 25833, 25077, 24595, 24585, 24994, 28750, 25131, 24601, 24585, 26681, 24595, 25200, 24669, 24596, 28307, 27316, 24585, 28989, 24595, 6, 25875, 24732, 27721, 24707, 26467, 24750, 27761, 24596, 24659, 24587, 24696, 24643, 24609, 77, 24713, 25215, 24627, 25528, 24593, 69, 25432, 24595, 28750, 25875, 24732, 24614, 24903, 25570, 25807, 30, 27245, 26180, 58, 24597, 24609, 73, 29382, 12, 25807, 4992, 25562, 13, 25807, 4992, 20, 22, 30, 27175, 26862, 52, 24731, 24597, 24582, 93, 27137, 27444, 25908, 4992, 20, 26, 30, 26292, 25429, 24677, 41, 24878, 24581, 24674, 69, 39, 24738, 24731, 27320, 27245, 26180, 42, 24613, 29559, 25442, 24795, 27161, 12, 25562, 4992, 25512, 13, 25562, 4992, 29846, 30, 42, 69, 24640, 24601, 24780, 28761, 83, 58, 24622, 24583, 24869, 26502, 24731, 24583, 24674, 12, 25928, 24599, 13, 25557, 30, 28130, 27622, 25189, 24610, 27002, 43, 24660, 77, 28986, 24600, 94, 12, 25928, 24599, 13, 25557, 4992, 25074, 30, 26120, 78, 24596, 24619, 40, 204, 25022, 93, 52, 200, 24600, 94, 26758, 24673, 73, 27245, 26180, 24879, 25356, 25657, 25061, 208, 69, 50, 24716, 24601, 12, 25512, 4992, 25625, 13, 25512, 4992, 25143, 30, 26120, 78, 24596, 24619, 40, 204, 25022, 93, 52, 200, 24600, 94, 26758, 24673, 73, 25578, 4992, 25009, 30, 26338, 24593, 24788, 74, 24584, 25165, 24650, 24788, 27317, 43, 27161, 75, 28000, 25600, 4992, 24722, 30, 24788, 24597, 24677, 25409, 24614, 24591, 89, 24678, 27124, 24587, 24619, 24606, 24619, 26824, 24716, 89, 27245, 26180, 24800, 24815, 200, 87, 25310, 26103, 48, 210, 24678, 94, 51, 24816, 27721, 12, 25625, 4992, 25746, 24609, 13, 25625, 4992, 24623, 30, 24788, 24597, 24677, 25409, 24614, 24591, 89, 24678, 27124, 24587, 24619, 24606, 24619, 26824, 24716, 89, 25642, 17, 25746, 24609, 30, 26338, 24593, 46, 24668, 25092, 26929, 27598, 27320, 52, 77, 208, 69, 28864, 24587, 24677, 27113, 24596, 28864, 24587, 24677, 25572, 25817, 29419, 25677, 29118, 24584, 25127, 25176, 26362, 16, 24585, 25515, 25058, 24682, 28864, 24587, 24677, 26203, 24585, 24994, 28772, 18, 24657, 26234, 25379, 27273, 26477, 24585, 49, 26903, 24596, 24656, 24595, 27245, 27258, 24618, 24585, 29928, 24662, 24830, 24718, 24595, 69, 25443, 25778, 25284, 24595, 24924, 87, 24886, 24626, 24581, 27118, 24998, 24595, 49, 24660, 25132, 26620, 24655, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 24585, 26827, 24600, 25138, 24584, 26568, 24813, 24596, 27718, 25274, 25287, 27719, 27113, 4992, 28864, 24587, 24677, 16, 24585, 24818, 70, 24608, 24836, 24591, 27747, 26767, 26477, 25142, 24585, 24907, 27273, 18, 27910, 25515, 24854, 16, 27113, 26274, 24583, 28609, 24713, 25109, 24649, 24688, 24581, 48, 78, 24733, 80, 78, 25717, 18, 26751, 28864, 24587, 24677, 26839, 24809, 29314, 24583, 25184, 24732, 93, 24581, 27113, 16, 24594, 24783, 25971, 27165, 93, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24593, 24616, 28704, 24601, 27113, 16, 24598, 26839, 29314, 24907, 25109, 24649, 24855, 24581, 27113, 18, 26370, 25109, 24649, 24855, 24686, 25616, 24581, 25409, 24614, 24591, 25075, 25956, 24596, 27113, 25440, 18, 28864, 24700, 24677, 27113, 24596, 28864, 24700, 24677, 25572, 25817, 29419, 25677, 29118, 24584, 21, 25352, 26437, 16, 24585, 24818, 25058, 24595, 24783, 26744, 24881, 18, 24891, 25233, 24601, 24927, 16, 27113, 24798, 25039, 27067, 29118, 24651, 28864, 24700, 24677, 11, 87, 27516, 73, 25013, 24586, 16, 28468, 24674, 28707, 24700, 24677, 16, 25570, 28958, 16, 24651, 69, 25903, 25786, 24850, 25104, 25166, 25209, 22, 18, 24657, 27889, 25379, 27273, 25572, 25184, 24732, 24675, 24581, 25703, 26662, 25238, 24598, 24702, 18, 24964, 26156, 25422, 26362, 28468, 24674, 28707, 24700, 24677, 24625, 29323, 24612, 25501, 25000, 24585, 27756, 27273, 24595, 24585, 28468, 26681, 24596, 28864, 24700, 24677, 18, 24657, 24598, 25577, 27113, 24625, 27544, 24581, 28864, 24700, 24677, 26851, 24783, 25184, 24732, 93, 24581, 24891, 25130, 18, 25805, 16, 24581, 26234, 27113, 24616, 28704, 29118, 24601, 28864, 24700, 24677, 26851, 24783, 25184, 24732, 93, 24581, 28164, 29454, 25769, 24601, 24783, 27256, 24685, 92, 24634, 24683, 24601, 24585, 28864, 24700, 27447, 24595, 24980, 24590, 26587, 28884, 18, 28864, 24700, 24677, 11, 87, 25817, 29419, 25677, 25833, 24626, 24581, 27113, 27029, 24596, 25184, 24732, 93, 24581, 27113, 25440, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 28609, 24713, 25109, 24649, 24855, 24581, 25732, 24621, 26806, 24596, 25189, 71, 217, 82, 18, 27113, 29314, 87, 24583, 28609, 24713, 25109, 24649, 24688, 24581, 24980, 24590, 26587, 28884, 18, 24994, 28772, 28201, 24590, 28164, 29454, 24627, 25417, 27165, 27721, 24595, 27113, 24601, 29579, 24762, 26053, 25509, 24594, 27113, 11, 87, 29339, 24609, 25833, 25077, 24601, 24585, 24994, 28772, 28201, 24590, 28164, 29454, 18, 24627, 29339, 24609, 25833, 25077, 24593, 28734, 24618, 26284, 24599, 24585, 28077, 24626, 24596, 25033, 26495, 24595, 27113, 25880, 24994, 28772, 28515, 25413, 24581, 28164, 29454, 18, 24627, 29339, 24609, 25833, 25077, 24600, 24925, 24883, 27113, 25327, 24585, 25528, 28515, 30, 24875, 24970, 76, 26574, 50, 24965, 26429, 17, 29686, 17, 28666, 29747, 93, 28137, 28182, 27058, 25041, 26920, 27147, 24994, 28772, 28894, 24727, 28084, 28137, 25868, 25731, 37, 25725, 24597, 24879, 26973, 37, 28072, 24994, 28772, 28201, 24590, 28164, 29454, 24994, 28772, 27147, 24584, 25731, 25024, 24899, 26347, 24994, 28772, 28201, 24618, 51, 27297, 29444, 29915, 24994, 28772, 28201, 24584, 25471, 24880, 87, 24596, 25709, 24856, 59, 24732, 26349, 24592, 24780, 24771, 75, 25138, 50, 24965, 26429, 26968, 24659, 26306, 26305, 24994, 28772, 27255, 24584, 24585, 25061, 24852, 25180, 57, 28859, 24595, 51, 27297, 29444, 25731, 24800, 27193, 17, 25749, 28577, 24602, 26646, 25404, 24762, 29579, 4992, 27113, 29118, 29353, 29118, 24595, 27113, 25831, 24595, 25817, 29419, 25677, 26011, 24921, 24595, 27113, 24838, 25065, 25051, 27588, 26658, 12, 24581, 26617, 13, 24779, 26209, 26586, 24590, 24595, 29353, 29915, 12, 24581, 26617, 13, 28164, 29454, 27113, 28750, 25971, 27165, 93, 28750, 25971, 27165, 93, 28750, 25971, 27165, 93 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
22151019
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudopediasia
Pseudopediasia
Pseudopediasia is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. Species Pseudopediasia amathusia Bleszynski, 1963 Pseudopediasia calamellus (Hampson, 1919) Pseudopediasia diana Bleszynski, 1963 References Crambini Crambidae genera Taxa named by Stanisław Błeszyński
[ "P", "se", "ud", "op", "ed", "ias", "ia", "is", "a", "genus", "of", "mo", "ths", "of", "the", "family", "Cr", "amb", "idae", ".", "Spec", "ies", "P", "se", "ud", "op", "ed", "ias", "ia", "am", "ath", "us", "ia", "B", "les", "z", "yn", "ski", ",", "1963", "P", "se", "ud", "op", "ed", "ias", "ia", "cal", "am", "ell", "us", "(", "Hamp", "son", ",", "1919", ")", "P", "se", "ud", "op", "ed", "ias", "ia", "d", "iana", "B", "les", "z", "yn", "ski", ",", "1963", "References", "Cr", "amb", "ini", "Cr", "amb", "idae", "gener", "a", "Tax", "a", "named", "by", "Stan", "is", "ł", "aw", "B", "ł", "es", "zy", "ń", "ski" ]
[ 52, 24620, 24711, 24644, 24588, 28277, 24677, 24593, 69, 27716, 24595, 28225, 25136, 24595, 24585, 25334, 25709, 25875, 26724, 18, 26948, 24675, 52, 24620, 24711, 24644, 24588, 28277, 24677, 24611, 24851, 24640, 24677, 38, 24928, 94, 25828, 27392, 16, 27703, 52, 24620, 24711, 24644, 24588, 28277, 24677, 26775, 24611, 24731, 24640, 12, 29346, 24951, 16, 28656, 13, 52, 24620, 24711, 24644, 24588, 28277, 24677, 72, 27372, 38, 24928, 94, 25828, 27392, 16, 27703, 24838, 25709, 25875, 26897, 25709, 25875, 26724, 25872, 69, 28478, 69, 25533, 24647, 28020, 24593, 289, 24766, 38, 289, 24589, 27953, 291, 27392 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
11843832
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MonoDevelop
MonoDevelop
MonoDevelop (also known as Xamarin Studio) was an open-source integrated development environment for Linux, macOS, and Windows. Its primary focus is development of projects that use Mono and .NET Framework. MonoDevelop integrates features similar to those of NetBeans and Microsoft Visual Studio, such as automatic code completion, source control, a graphical user interface (GUI) and Web designer. MonoDevelop integrates a Gtk# GUI designer called Stetic. It supports Boo, C, C++, C#, CIL, D, F#, Java, Oxygene, Vala, JavaScript, TypeScript and Visual Basic.NET. Although there is no word from the developers that is has been discontinued, nonetheless it hasn't been updated in 4 years and is no longer installable on major operating systems, such as Ubuntu 22.04 and above. Its parent Microsoft, seems to have shifted focus to Visual Studio Code and the .NET Framework, which runs on many operating systems, including Linux. MonoDevelop can be used on Windows, macOS and Linux. Officially supported Linux distributions include CentOS, Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, SUSE Linux Enterprise, Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Ubuntu, with many other distributions providing their own unofficial builds of MonoDevelop in their repositories. macOS and Windows have been officially supported since version 2.2. MonoDevelop has included a C# compiler (an alternative to MSBuild and CSC) since its earliest versions. It currently includes a compiler that supports C# 1.0, C# 2.0, C# 3.0, C# 4.0, C# 5.0 and C# 6.0. A customized version of MonoDevelop formerly shipped with Windows and Mac versions of Unity, the game engine by Unity Technologies. It enabled advanced C# scripting, which was used to compile cross-platform video games by the Unity compiler. It has since been replaced by Visual Studio Community, except on Linux versions. History In late 2003, a group of developers from the Mono community began migrating SharpDevelop, a successful .NET open source IDE from Windows Forms on Windows to the GNOME toolkit (Gtk#) on Linux. The fork was also to target the Mono framework instead of the Microsoft .NET Framework implementation. Being an early fork of SharpDevelop, MonoDevelop architecturally differs from recent SharpDevelop releases. Over time, the MonoDevelop project was absorbed into the rest of the Mono project and as of 2016, is actively maintained by Xamarin and the Mono community. Since Mono 1.0 Beta 2, MonoDevelop is bundled with Mono releases. Starting with version 4.x, Xamarin rebranded MonoDevelop as Xamarin Studio, but only for the Windows version of the IDE. As of 2016, Xamarin Studio also runs on macOS. In October of 2021 it was announced in the issue tracker that the project would be archived because it's no longer maintained. Features MonoDevelop is an IDE for the .NET platform with features comparable to Microsoft Visual Studio. Highlights include: Multi-platform IDE and user projects (Linux, Windows and macOS) Multi-language (C#, F#, Visual Basic .NET, C/C++, Vala, JavaScript, TypeScript) Project templates for C#, Visual Basic, Boo, Java (IKVM) and C/C++ Code completion support for C#, code templates, code folding Customizable window layouts, user defined key bindings, external tools Integrated Debugger for debugging Mono and native applications Integrated Compiler (supports up to C# 6.0) GTK# Visual Designer to graphically build GTK# user interfaces ASP.NET web projects with code completion support and testing on XSP (Mono web server). Source control, makefile integration, unit testing, packaging and deployment, localization UI Builder MonoDevelop has included a GTK# GUI designer called Stetic since version 0.1. to develop GTK+ user interfaces in C#. Stetic is very similar to Glade Interface Designer but is integrated into MonoDevelop with features such as drag and drop. It has been criticized for being more difficult to work with than the likes of Qt Designer and the Microsoft Visual Studio Windows Forms Editor when the programmer does not yet have a concrete layout in mind. Xamarin Studio Xamarin offers a rebranded version of MonoDevelop 4.0 as Xamarin Studio which now uses platform-specific code in various places to enhance the look and feel. While Mono provides a package for Solaris 10 running on SPARC, MonoDevelop packages for OpenSolaris are only provided by groups from the OpenSolaris community. MonoDevelop on FreeBSD is likewise supported only by the FreeBSD community. Visual Studio for Mac Another rebranded version of MonoDevelop is Visual Studio for Mac. Visual Studio for Mac employs many of the same tools as its Windows counterpart: for example, the Roslyn .NET Compiler Platform is used for refactoring and IntelliSense. Its project system and build engine use MSBuild; and its source editor supports TextMate bundles. It uses the same debugger engines for Xamarin and .NET Core apps, and the same designers for Xamarin.iOS and Xamarin.Android. On August 30, 2023, Microsoft announced that Visual Studio for Mac is in the process of discontinuation, with 17.6 being the last version supported until August 31, 2024. See also Mono (software) Comparison of integrated development environments Glade Interface Designer Qt Creator Xamarin SharpDevelop Visual Studio Visual Studio Code References External links Xamarin Studio Visual Studio for Mac .NET programming tools discontinued Microsoft development tools discontinued Microsoft software Free and open-source software Free integrated development environments Free software programmed in C Sharp Linux integrated development environments Microsoft free software Software that uses Mono (software) Software using the LGPL license 2003 software
[ "Mon", "o", "Develop", "(", "also", "known", "as", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "Stud", "io", ")", "was", "an", "open", "-", "source", "integr", "ated", "development", "environment", "for", "Lin", "ux", ",", "m", "ac", "OS", ",", "and", "Wind", "ows", ".", "Its", "primary", "focus", "is", "development", "of", "projects", "that", "use", "Mon", "o", "and", ".", "NE", "T", "Fr", "ame", "work", ".", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "integr", "ates", "features", "similar", "to", "those", "of", "Net", "Be", "ans", "and", "Mic", "ros", "oft", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", ",", "such", "as", "autom", "atic", "code", "complet", "ion", ",", "source", "control", ",", "a", "graph", "ical", "us", "er", "inter", "face", "(", "G", "U", "I", ")", "and", "Web", "design", "er", ".", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "integr", "ates", "a", "G", "t", "k", "#", "G", "U", "I", "design", "er", "called", "St", "etic", ".", "It", "sup", "ports", "Bo", "o", ",", "C", ",", "C", "+", "+", ",", "C", "#", ",", "C", "I", "L", ",", "D", ",", "F", "#", ",", "J", "ava", ",", "Ox", "y", "gen", "e", ",", "Val", "a", ",", "J", "ava", "S", "cript", ",", "Ty", "pe", "S", "cript", "and", "Vis", "ual", "Bas", "ic", ".", "NE", "T", ".", "Although", "there", "is", "no", "word", "from", "the", "develop", "ers", "that", "is", "has", "been", "dis", "continued", ",", "n", "one", "the", "less", "it", "has", "n", "'", "t", "been", "up", "dated", "in", "4", "years", "and", "is", "no", "longer", "install", "able", "on", "major", "operating", "systems", ",", "such", "as", "U", "b", "unt", "u", "22", ".", "0", "4", "and", "above", ".", "Its", "par", "ent", "Mic", "ros", "oft", ",", "se", "ems", "to", "have", "sh", "if", "ted", "focus", "to", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "Co", "de", "and", "the", ".", "NE", "T", "Fr", "ame", "work", ",", "which", "runs", "on", "many", "operating", "systems", ",", "including", "Lin", "ux", ".", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "can", "be", "used", "on", "Wind", "ows", ",", "m", "ac", "OS", "and", "Lin", "ux", ".", "Offic", "ially", "supported", "Lin", "ux", "distr", "ibut", "ions", "include", "Cent", "OS", ",", "De", "b", "ian", ",", "F", "ed", "ora", ",", "open", "S", "US", "E", ",", "S", "US", "E", "Lin", "ux", "Enter", "prise", ",", "Red", "H", "at", "Enter", "prise", "Lin", "ux", "and", "U", "b", "unt", "u", ",", "with", "many", "other", "distr", "ibut", "ions", "providing", "their", "own", "un", "official", "build", "s", "of", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "in", "their", "re", "pos", "it", "ories", ".", "m", "ac", "OS", "and", "Wind", "ows", "have", "been", "officially", "supported", "since", "version", "2", ".", "2", ".", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "has", "included", "a", "C", "#", "comp", "il", "er", "(", "an", "altern", "ative", "to", "MS", "Build", "and", "C", "SC", ")", "since", "its", "earli", "est", "versions", ".", "It", "currently", "includes", "a", "comp", "il", "er", "that", "sup", "ports", "C", "#", "1", ".", "0", ",", "C", "#", "2", ".", "0", ",", "C", "#", "3", ".", "0", ",", "C", "#", "4", ".", "0", ",", "C", "#", "5", ".", "0", "and", "C", "#", "6", ".", "0", ".", "A", "custom", "ized", "version", "of", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "formerly", "ship", "ped", "with", "Wind", "ows", "and", "Mac", "versions", "of", "Un", "ity", ",", "the", "game", "engine", "by", "Un", "ity", "Techn", "olog", "ies", ".", "It", "en", "ab", "led", "ad", "vanced", "C", "#", "scr", "ip", "ting", ",", "which", "was", "used", "to", "comp", "ile", "cross", "-", "platform", "video", "games", "by", "the", "Un", "ity", "comp", "il", "er", ".", "It", "has", "since", "been", "replaced", "by", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "Community", ",", "except", "on", "Lin", "ux", "versions", ".", "History", "In", "late", "2003", ",", "a", "group", "of", "develop", "ers", "from", "the", "Mon", "o", "community", "began", "m", "igr", "ating", "Shar", "p", "Develop", ",", "a", "successful", ".", "NE", "T", "open", "source", "ID", "E", "from", "Wind", "ows", "For", "ms", "on", "Wind", "ows", "to", "the", "G", "N", "O", "M", "E", "to", "olk", "it", "(", "G", "t", "k", "#", ")", "on", "Lin", "ux", ".", "The", "for", "k", "was", "also", "to", "target", "the", "Mon", "o", "frame", "work", "instead", "of", "the", "Mic", "ros", "oft", ".", "NE", "T", "Fr", "ame", "work", "implement", "ation", ".", "Be", "ing", "an", "early", "for", "k", "of", "Shar", "p", "Develop", ",", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "architect", "ur", "ally", "diff", "ers", "from", "recent", "Shar", "p", "Develop", "rele", "ases", ".", "Over", "time", ",", "the", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "project", "was", "ab", "sor", "bed", "into", "the", "rest", "of", "the", "Mon", "o", "project", "and", "as", "of", "2016", ",", "is", "activ", "ely", "main", "tained", "by", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "and", "the", "Mon", "o", "community", ".", "Since", "Mon", "o", "1", ".", "0", "Bet", "a", "2", ",", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "is", "b", "und", "led", "with", "Mon", "o", "rele", "ases", ".", "St", "art", "ing", "with", "version", "4", ".", "x", ",", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "re", "br", "anded", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "as", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "Stud", "io", ",", "but", "only", "for", "the", "Wind", "ows", "version", "of", "the", "ID", "E", ".", "As", "of", "2016", ",", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "Stud", "io", "also", "runs", "on", "m", "ac", "OS", ".", "In", "October", "of", "2021", "it", "was", "announced", "in", "the", "issue", "track", "er", "that", "the", "project", "would", "be", "arch", "ived", "because", "it", "'", "s", "no", "longer", "main", "tained", ".", "Fe", "at", "ures", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "is", "an", "ID", "E", "for", "the", ".", "NE", "T", "platform", "with", "features", "comp", "ar", "able", "to", "Mic", "ros", "oft", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", ".", "High", "l", "ights", "include", ":", "M", "ult", "i", "-", "platform", "ID", "E", "and", "us", "er", "projects", "(", "Lin", "ux", ",", "Wind", "ows", "and", "m", "ac", "OS", ")", "M", "ult", "i", "-", "language", "(", "C", "#", ",", "F", "#", ",", "Vis", "ual", "Bas", "ic", ".", "NE", "T", ",", "C", "/", "C", "+", "+", ",", "Val", "a", ",", "J", "ava", "S", "cript", ",", "Ty", "pe", "S", "cript", ")", "Project", "tem", "pl", "ates", "for", "C", "#", ",", "Vis", "ual", "Bas", "ic", ",", "Bo", "o", ",", "J", "ava", "(", "I", "K", "V", "M", ")", "and", "C", "/", "C", "+", "+", "Co", "de", "complet", "ion", "support", "for", "C", "#", ",", "code", "tem", "pl", "ates", ",", "code", "f", "old", "ing", "C", "us", "tom", "iz", "able", "wind", "ow", "lay", "outs", ",", "us", "er", "defin", "ed", "key", "b", "ind", "ings", ",", "ex", "ternal", "to", "ols", "In", "tegr", "ated", "De", "b", "ug", "ger", "for", "deb", "ug", "ging", "Mon", "o", "and", "native", "applic", "ations", "In", "tegr", "ated", "Comp", "il", "er", "(", "sup", "ports", "up", "to", "C", "#", "6", ".", "0", ")", "G", "T", "K", "#", "Vis", "ual", "Design", "er", "to", "graph", "ically", "build", "G", "T", "K", "#", "us", "er", "inter", "fac", "es", "A", "SP", ".", "NE", "T", "web", "projects", "with", "code", "complet", "ion", "support", "and", "test", "ing", "on", "X", "SP", "(", "Mon", "o", "web", "ser", "ver", ").", "S", "ource", "control", ",", "make", "f", "ile", "integr", "ation", ",", "unit", "test", "ing", ",", "pack", "aging", "and", "de", "ploy", "ment", ",", "local", "ization", "U", "I", "B", "uil", "der", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "has", "included", "a", "G", "T", "K", "#", "G", "U", "I", "design", "er", "called", "St", "etic", "since", "version", "0", ".", "1", ".", "to", "develop", "G", "T", "K", "+", "us", "er", "inter", "fac", "es", "in", "C", "#", ".", "St", "etic", "is", "very", "similar", "to", "Gl", "ade", "Inter", "face", "Design", "er", "but", "is", "integr", "ated", "into", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "with", "features", "such", "as", "dr", "ag", "and", "drop", ".", "It", "has", "been", "critic", "ized", "for", "being", "more", "difficult", "to", "work", "with", "than", "the", "lik", "es", "of", "Q", "t", "Design", "er", "and", "the", "Mic", "ros", "oft", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "Wind", "ows", "For", "ms", "Ed", "itor", "when", "the", "program", "mer", "does", "not", "yet", "have", "a", "con", "cre", "te", "lay", "out", "in", "m", "ind", ".", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "Stud", "io", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "offers", "a", "re", "br", "anded", "version", "of", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "4", ".", "0", "as", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "Stud", "io", "which", "now", "uses", "platform", "-", "specific", "code", "in", "various", "places", "to", "en", "h", "ance", "the", "look", "and", "feel", ".", "While", "Mon", "o", "provides", "a", "pack", "age", "for", "Sol", "ar", "is", "10", "running", "on", "SP", "AR", "C", ",", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "pack", "ages", "for", "Open", "Sol", "ar", "is", "are", "only", "provided", "by", "groups", "from", "the", "Open", "Sol", "ar", "is", "community", ".", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "on", "Free", "BS", "D", "is", "lik", "ew", "ise", "supported", "only", "by", "the", "Free", "BS", "D", "community", ".", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "for", "Mac", "Another", "re", "br", "anded", "version", "of", "Mon", "o", "Develop", "is", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "for", "Mac", ".", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "for", "Mac", "employ", "s", "many", "of", "the", "same", "to", "ols", "as", "its", "Wind", "ows", "counter", "part", ":", "for", "example", ",", "the", "Ros", "lyn", ".", "NE", "T", "Comp", "il", "er", "Pl", "at", "form", "is", "used", "for", "re", "fact", "or", "ing", "and", "In", "tell", "i", "Sen", "se", ".", "Its", "project", "system", "and", "build", "engine", "use", "MS", "Build", ";", "and", "its", "source", "editor", "sup", "ports", "T", "ext", "M", "ate", "b", "und", "les", ".", "It", "uses", "the", "same", "deb", "ug", "ger", "eng", "ines", "for", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "and", ".", "NE", "T", "C", "ore", "ap", "ps", ",", "and", "the", "same", "design", "ers", "for", "X", "am", "ar", "in", ".", "i", "OS", "and", "X", "am", "ar", "in", ".", "And", "ro", "id", ".", "On", "August", "30", ",", "2023", ",", "Mic", "ros", "oft", "announced", "that", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "for", "Mac", "is", "in", "the", "process", "of", "dis", "continu", "ation", ",", "with", "17", ".", "6", "being", "the", "last", "version", "supported", "until", "August", "31", ",", "20", "24", ".", "See", "also", "Mon", "o", "(", "software", ")", "Com", "par", "ison", "of", "integr", "ated", "development", "en", "viron", "ments", "Gl", "ade", "Inter", "face", "Design", "er", "Q", "t", "C", "reat", "or", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "Shar", "p", "Develop", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "Co", "de", "References", "External", "links", "X", "am", "ar", "in", "Stud", "io", "Vis", "ual", "Stud", "io", "for", "Mac", ".", "NE", "T", "programming", "to", "ols", "dis", "continued", "Mic", "ros", "oft", "development", "to", "ols", "dis", "continued", "Mic", "ros", "oft", "software", "Free", "and", "open", "-", "source", "software", "Free", "integr", "ated", "development", "en", "viron", "ments", "Free", "software", "program", "med", "in", "C", "Shar", "p", "Lin", "ux", "integr", "ated", "development", "en", "viron", "ments", "Mic", "ros", "oft", "free", "software", "S", "of", "tware", "that", "uses", "Mon", "o", "(", "software", ")", "S", "of", "tware", "using", "the", "L", "G", "P", "L", "lic", "ense", "2003", "software" ]
[ 25732, 83, 27843, 12, 24762, 25137, 24594, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 26247, 24860, 13, 24625, 24583, 25383, 17, 28504, 28555, 24712, 26266, 27936, 24618, 27537, 28402, 16, 81, 24616, 28644, 16, 24596, 28133, 26829, 18, 27128, 27592, 29393, 24593, 26266, 24595, 29018, 24682, 25043, 25732, 83, 24596, 18, 27252, 56, 24974, 24741, 24918, 18, 25732, 83, 27843, 28555, 24855, 27054, 26473, 24601, 26055, 24595, 27659, 25133, 24841, 24596, 27328, 25214, 29303, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 16, 25221, 24594, 28922, 25677, 29155, 27828, 24602, 16, 28504, 26539, 16, 69, 25761, 24757, 24640, 24582, 25033, 26489, 12, 43, 57, 45, 13, 24596, 28461, 25405, 24582, 18, 25732, 83, 27843, 28555, 24855, 69, 43, 88, 79, 7, 43, 57, 45, 25405, 24582, 25446, 24709, 29821, 18, 24805, 25263, 25424, 25255, 83, 16, 39, 16, 39, 15, 15, 16, 39, 7, 16, 39, 45, 48, 16, 40, 16, 42, 7, 16, 46, 28884, 16, 27610, 93, 24976, 73, 16, 26057, 69, 16, 46, 28884, 55, 26520, 16, 27421, 24678, 55, 26520, 24596, 28913, 25132, 27609, 24597, 18, 27252, 56, 18, 27238, 25201, 24593, 25159, 26809, 24672, 24585, 25371, 24629, 24682, 24593, 24808, 24948, 24913, 26359, 16, 82, 24748, 24585, 25765, 24598, 24808, 82, 11, 88, 24948, 24772, 29703, 24581, 24, 25100, 24596, 24593, 25159, 28475, 28318, 24914, 24584, 25744, 29260, 27686, 16, 25221, 24594, 57, 70, 25168, 89, 25127, 18, 20, 24, 24596, 27356, 18, 27128, 25041, 24609, 27328, 25214, 29303, 16, 24620, 27334, 24601, 24920, 24690, 24692, 24826, 29393, 24601, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 25287, 24650, 24596, 24585, 18, 27252, 56, 24974, 24741, 24918, 16, 24763, 27690, 24584, 25160, 29260, 27686, 16, 25260, 27537, 28402, 18, 25732, 83, 27843, 24995, 24636, 25030, 24584, 28133, 26829, 16, 81, 24616, 28644, 24596, 27537, 28402, 18, 26595, 25577, 28205, 27537, 28402, 26394, 26046, 24921, 25915, 25332, 28644, 16, 24821, 70, 24669, 16, 42, 24588, 28000, 16, 25383, 55, 25473, 41, 16, 55, 25473, 41, 27537, 28402, 28287, 29848, 16, 26152, 44, 24590, 28287, 29848, 27537, 28402, 24596, 57, 70, 25168, 89, 16, 24651, 25160, 24858, 26394, 26046, 24921, 29906, 24862, 24781, 24631, 26550, 25323, 87, 24595, 25732, 83, 27843, 24581, 24862, 24600, 24936, 24598, 26208, 18, 81, 24616, 28644, 24596, 28133, 26829, 24920, 24948, 28842, 28205, 25570, 26147, 22, 18, 22, 18, 25732, 83, 27843, 24808, 25922, 69, 39, 7, 24770, 24608, 24582, 12, 24583, 28246, 25077, 24601, 28116, 27681, 24596, 39, 28824, 13, 25570, 24783, 27264, 24655, 29679, 18, 24805, 27208, 27029, 69, 24770, 24608, 24582, 24682, 25263, 25424, 39, 7, 21, 18, 20, 16, 39, 7, 22, 18, 20, 16, 39, 7, 23, 18, 20, 16, 39, 7, 24, 18, 20, 16, 39, 7, 25, 18, 20, 24596, 39, 7, 26, 18, 20, 18, 37, 29483, 25380, 26147, 24595, 25732, 83, 27843, 28598, 24929, 25437, 24651, 28133, 26829, 24596, 26365, 29679, 24595, 24739, 24683, 16, 24585, 25436, 26150, 24647, 24739, 24683, 27231, 25029, 24675, 18, 24805, 24587, 24662, 25121, 24614, 29059, 39, 7, 28348, 24696, 25737, 16, 24763, 24625, 25030, 24601, 24770, 24890, 27101, 17, 29476, 26221, 25736, 24647, 24585, 24739, 24683, 24770, 24608, 24582, 18, 24805, 24808, 25570, 24948, 27196, 24647, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 28964, 16, 28677, 24584, 27537, 28402, 29679, 18, 25592, 24657, 26075, 25877, 16, 69, 25273, 24595, 25371, 24629, 24672, 24585, 25732, 83, 26248, 25623, 81, 27338, 25105, 29677, 84, 27843, 16, 69, 26598, 18, 27252, 56, 25383, 28504, 27346, 41, 24672, 28133, 26829, 25056, 25865, 24584, 28133, 26829, 24601, 24585, 43, 50, 51, 49, 41, 24601, 27114, 24598, 12, 43, 88, 79, 7, 13, 24584, 27537, 28402, 18, 24627, 24618, 79, 24625, 24762, 24601, 29432, 24585, 25732, 83, 29725, 24918, 27520, 24595, 24585, 27328, 25214, 29303, 18, 27252, 56, 24974, 24741, 24918, 29223, 24626, 18, 25133, 24599, 24583, 25551, 24618, 79, 24595, 29677, 84, 27843, 16, 25732, 83, 27843, 28538, 24615, 24904, 27691, 24629, 24672, 27318, 29677, 84, 27843, 25118, 27190, 18, 27039, 24978, 16, 24585, 25732, 83, 27843, 26144, 24625, 24662, 28510, 27565, 25000, 24585, 25448, 24595, 24585, 25732, 83, 26144, 24596, 24594, 24595, 25600, 16, 24593, 25913, 24959, 25039, 27067, 24647, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 24596, 24585, 25732, 83, 26248, 18, 27169, 25732, 83, 21, 18, 20, 27581, 69, 22, 16, 25732, 83, 27843, 24593, 70, 25324, 25121, 24651, 25732, 83, 25118, 27190, 18, 24709, 24673, 24599, 24651, 26147, 24, 18, 92, 16, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 24600, 24816, 27830, 25732, 83, 27843, 24594, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 26247, 24860, 16, 24835, 25089, 24618, 24585, 28133, 26829, 26147, 24595, 24585, 27346, 41, 18, 24906, 24595, 25600, 16, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 26247, 24860, 24762, 27690, 24584, 81, 24616, 28644, 18, 24657, 25336, 24595, 25785, 24598, 24625, 26091, 24581, 24585, 27517, 26059, 24582, 24682, 24585, 26144, 25084, 24636, 25340, 25199, 25936, 24598, 11, 87, 25159, 28475, 25039, 27067, 18, 25300, 24590, 25224, 25732, 83, 27843, 24593, 24583, 27346, 41, 24618, 24585, 18, 27252, 56, 29476, 24651, 27054, 24770, 24592, 24914, 24601, 27328, 25214, 29303, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 18, 25626, 80, 25708, 25915, 30, 49, 24886, 77, 17, 29476, 27346, 41, 24596, 24640, 24582, 29018, 12, 27537, 28402, 16, 28133, 26829, 24596, 81, 24616, 28644, 13, 49, 24886, 77, 17, 25996, 12, 39, 7, 16, 42, 7, 16, 28913, 25132, 27609, 24597, 18, 27252, 56, 16, 39, 19, 39, 15, 15, 16, 26057, 69, 16, 46, 28884, 55, 26520, 16, 27421, 24678, 55, 26520, 13, 28924, 26041, 24659, 24855, 24618, 39, 7, 16, 28913, 25132, 27609, 24597, 16, 25255, 83, 16, 46, 28884, 12, 45, 47, 58, 49, 13, 24596, 39, 19, 39, 15, 15, 25287, 24650, 27828, 24602, 25983, 24618, 39, 7, 16, 29155, 26041, 24659, 24855, 16, 29155, 74, 24867, 24599, 39, 24640, 25725, 24782, 24914, 27059, 24639, 27773, 26615, 16, 24640, 24582, 27347, 24588, 25597, 70, 24888, 24939, 16, 24707, 25023, 24601, 29331, 24657, 27994, 24712, 24821, 70, 24880, 26065, 24618, 28435, 24880, 27669, 25732, 83, 24596, 28494, 28140, 24833, 24657, 27994, 24712, 25685, 24608, 24582, 12, 25263, 25424, 24772, 24601, 39, 7, 26, 18, 20, 13, 43, 56, 47, 7, 28913, 25132, 29042, 24582, 24601, 25761, 25686, 25323, 43, 56, 47, 7, 24640, 24582, 25033, 25678, 24589, 37, 28308, 18, 27252, 56, 26072, 29018, 24651, 29155, 27828, 24602, 25983, 24596, 25881, 24599, 24584, 60, 28308, 12, 25732, 83, 26072, 24777, 24735, 24874, 55, 27171, 26539, 16, 26127, 74, 24890, 28555, 24626, 16, 27829, 25881, 24599, 16, 29352, 28565, 24596, 24650, 26164, 24718, 16, 25763, 25868, 57, 45, 38, 24962, 24795, 25732, 83, 27843, 24808, 25922, 69, 43, 56, 47, 7, 43, 57, 45, 25405, 24582, 25446, 24709, 29821, 25570, 26147, 20, 18, 21, 18, 24601, 25371, 43, 56, 47, 15, 24640, 24582, 25033, 25678, 24589, 24581, 39, 7, 18, 24709, 29821, 24593, 25878, 26473, 24601, 25899, 24899, 26620, 26489, 29042, 24582, 24835, 24593, 28555, 24712, 25000, 25732, 83, 27843, 24651, 27054, 25221, 24594, 24815, 24638, 24596, 27888, 18, 24805, 24808, 24948, 27234, 25380, 24618, 25270, 25060, 28828, 24601, 24918, 24651, 25208, 24585, 27403, 24589, 24595, 53, 88, 29042, 24582, 24596, 24585, 27328, 25214, 29303, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 28133, 26829, 25056, 25865, 25420, 26230, 25091, 24585, 25620, 24719, 26839, 24809, 29272, 24920, 69, 24652, 24912, 24680, 27773, 24767, 24581, 81, 24888, 18, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 26247, 24860, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 29737, 69, 24600, 24816, 27830, 26147, 24595, 25732, 83, 27843, 24, 18, 20, 24594, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 26247, 24860, 24763, 25426, 26332, 29476, 17, 28162, 29155, 24581, 26273, 26872, 24601, 24587, 76, 24985, 24585, 27416, 24596, 29294, 18, 26751, 25732, 83, 28803, 69, 29352, 24754, 24618, 27342, 24592, 24593, 24975, 27831, 24584, 28308, 27214, 39, 16, 25732, 83, 27843, 29352, 25434, 24618, 27656, 27342, 24592, 24593, 24686, 25089, 27380, 24647, 26572, 24672, 24585, 27656, 27342, 24592, 24593, 26248, 18, 25732, 83, 27843, 24584, 29037, 28040, 40, 24593, 27403, 24774, 25279, 28205, 25089, 24647, 24585, 29037, 28040, 40, 26248, 18, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 24618, 26365, 28688, 24600, 24816, 27830, 26147, 24595, 25732, 83, 27843, 24593, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 24618, 26365, 18, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 24618, 26365, 26632, 87, 25160, 24595, 24585, 25515, 24601, 29331, 24594, 24783, 28133, 26829, 27991, 24791, 30, 24618, 26919, 16, 24585, 27341, 29065, 18, 27252, 56, 25685, 24608, 24582, 25123, 24590, 24839, 24593, 25030, 24618, 24600, 25691, 24586, 24599, 24596, 24657, 27668, 77, 26236, 24620, 18, 27128, 26144, 25490, 24596, 25323, 26150, 25043, 28116, 27681, 31, 24596, 24783, 28504, 27799, 25263, 25424, 56, 25588, 49, 24688, 70, 25324, 24928, 18, 24805, 26332, 24585, 25515, 28435, 24880, 26065, 25010, 25675, 24618, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 24596, 18, 27252, 56, 39, 24806, 24654, 25909, 16, 24596, 24585, 25515, 25405, 24629, 24618, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 18, 77, 28644, 24596, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 18, 25695, 24619, 24630, 18, 24964, 25313, 25402, 16, 26435, 16, 27328, 25214, 29303, 26091, 24682, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 24618, 26365, 24593, 24581, 24585, 26256, 24595, 24913, 25777, 24626, 16, 24651, 24940, 18, 26, 25270, 24585, 25812, 26147, 28205, 25359, 25313, 26156, 16, 24623, 25384, 18, 25404, 24762, 25732, 83, 12, 29387, 13, 24875, 25041, 25670, 24595, 28555, 24712, 26266, 24587, 26830, 25272, 25899, 24899, 26620, 26489, 29042, 24582, 53, 88, 39, 25202, 24586, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 29677, 84, 27843, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 25287, 24650, 24838, 25065, 25051, 60, 24611, 24592, 24581, 26247, 24860, 28913, 25132, 26247, 24860, 24618, 26365, 18, 27252, 56, 29390, 24601, 29331, 24913, 26359, 27328, 25214, 29303, 26266, 24601, 29331, 24913, 26359, 27328, 25214, 29303, 29387, 29037, 24596, 25383, 17, 28504, 29387, 29037, 28555, 24712, 26266, 24587, 26830, 25272, 29037, 29387, 25620, 24992, 24581, 39, 29677, 84, 27537, 28402, 28555, 24712, 26266, 24587, 26830, 25272, 27328, 25214, 29303, 26716, 29387, 55, 24595, 28528, 24682, 26332, 25732, 83, 12, 29387, 13, 55, 24595, 28528, 25916, 24585, 48, 43, 52, 48, 25020, 26607, 25877, 29387 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
6992978
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Wasbrough%20Foster
William Wasbrough Foster
Major-General William Wasbrough Foster, CMG, DSO, VD (1 October 1875 – 2 December 1954) was a noted mountaineer, Conservative Party politician, businessman, and chief constable in British Columbia, Canada, in addition to his distinguished military career. Early life Known as Billy to friends and family, Foster was born in Bristol, England. He studied engineering at Wycliffe College before he emigrated to British Columbia in 1894, where he became involved in the lucrative lumber business. He served with the Canadian Pacific Railway as a superintendent and police magistrate in Revelstoke, manager for the Globe Lumber Company on Vancouver Island, President of the Conservative Party of British Columbia, provincial Member of the Legislative Assembly, and Minister of Public Works prior to the Great War. Foster was an avid mountaineer and was on the first expeditions to climb Mount Robson and Canada's highest peak, Mount Logan. Foster served as the president of the Alpine Club of Canada and has a mountain on Vancouver Island named in his honour, Mount Colonel Foster, as well as Foster Peak in the Canadian Rockies. He was also an honorary initiate of the BC Alpha chapter of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity at the University of British Columbia. In World War I, he fought in the Somme and Vimy Ridge battles and reached the rank of lieutenant colonel and was awarded the DSO. He was twice wounded and mentioned in dispatches five times. Industrial relations Foster worked as the managing director of Evans, Coleman and Evans, a timber exporting company on Vancouver's waterfront after the war that was a constituent member of the Shipping Federation of British Columbia, established by railway, stevedoring, and storage companies to manage commercial operations on the Port of Vancouver. In 1923, Foster headed the Shipping Federation's protection committee, and organised a group of 144 special constables, who were sworn in and given badges and guns by the Vancouver Police Department. Their job was to protect over 1000 strikebreakers, composed mainly of high school and University of British Columbia students, to break a longshoremen's strike and crush the Vancouver local of the International Longshoremen's Association. The strike and the union were broken, and the longshoremen were organised into a new company union, the Vancouver and District Waterfront Workers' Association. Within a decade, however, communist organisers would transform the union into a militant union, which again would come into conflict with Colonel Foster. Chief constable Foster probably gained his greatest local notoriety in Vancouver when he was appointed chief constable of the Vancouver Police Department on 3 January 1935. He came in during a shake-up and purge of the police to prepare the civic government forces for a showdown with the local communist movement. The Communist Party of Canada's trade union umbrella, the Workers' Unity League, was planning a general strike for May 1935, and the local big business interests claimed that it was to be the beginning of a Bolshevik revolution in Canada. The general strike and revolution never happened, but the city was flooded in the spring of 1935 with striking relief camp workers, which metamorphosed into the On-to-Ottawa Trek that left Vancouver atop boxcars in early June. Foster restructured the police department significantly, and led an effort to eradicate crime and vice from the city. He initiated the first training of Vancouver police officers, updated police uniforms, added tear gas to the police arsenal, and established a "Communist Activities Branch" to gather intelligence. On one occasion, he used his influence to have a bylaw passed banning white women from working in Chinatown restaurants on the assumption that they were being lured into prostitution, or "white slavery" as it was known at the time, with Chinese clients. The move sparked a backlash from Chinese businessmen and from women who had lost their jobs from restaurants, which had their business licences revoked. Business licences were restored only when the owners agreed not longer employ white women any longer, and at least thirty women were forced to seek other employment. Battle of Ballantyne Pier Foster had somewhat of a showdown with communism during the Battle of Ballantyne Pier on 18 June 1935 when a group of about 1000 longshoremen and supporters marched behind a contingent of war veterans carrying the Union Jack headed towards the waterfront, where strikebreakers were unloading ships. Foster and contingents from the city, provincial, and federal police forces drove the protesters back with truncheons and tear gas. Protestors fought back, and for three hours, police and demonstrators clashed in the streets of Vancouver's East End. One youth was shot in the back of his legs by a police shot gun, and many protesters and police required hospital treatment after the riot. Later life Foster remained active in veteran affairs during peacetime and was the president of the Royal Canadian Legion from 1938 to 1940. His career as chief constable was cut short when he was called off to war in 1939. During the Second World War, he was promoted to major general. In April 1943, Foster was enlisted by Prime Minister Mackenzie King to serve as Commissioner of Defense Projects in Canada's northwest. King described him in his diary as "A very fine fellow with lots of tact. I think he will be an ideal man for the position; also an ex-President of the war veterans. He has knowledge and carries with him authority and has fine organizing ability." Canada was then co-operating with the United States on infrastructure projects in the Northwest that would have implications on postwar bilateral relations. Foster's role was to make sure "that no commitments are made and no situation allowed to develop as a result of which the full Canadian control of the area would be in any way prejudiced or endangered." After the war, Foster was appointed the head of BC Hydro, where he again attempted to fight off the forces of unionisation. References S. M. Carter, Who's Who in British Columbia: 1937-38-39: A Record of British Columbia Men and Women of Today.''' Vancouver: S. M. Carter, 1939. Lindsay Elms, "William (Billy) Wasbrough Foster, 1875–1954", http://members.shaw.ca/beyondnootka/biographies/w_foster.html Victor Howard, We Were the Salt of the Earth: A Narrative of the On-to-Ottawa Trek and the Regina Riot. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, University of Regina, 1985. Andrew Parnaby, "On the Hook: Welfare Capitalism on the Vancouver Waterfront, 1919–1939," PhD thesis, Memorial University, 2001. John Stanton, Never Say Die!: The Life and Times of a Pioneer Labour Lawyer, Vancouver, Steel Rail Publishing, 1987. Joe Swan, A Century of Service: The Vancouver Police 1886–1986,'' Vancouver: Vancouver Police Historical Society and Centennial Museum, 1986. British Columbia Conservative Party MLAs 1875 births 1954 deaths Canadian anti-communists Vancouver police chiefs Canadian generals Canadian military personnel of World War I Canadian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George Canadian Companions of the Distinguished Service Order Legion of Frontiersmen members Canadian mountain climbers People educated at Wycliffe College, Gloucestershire English emigrants to Canada Canadian magistrates
[ "Major", "-", "General", "William", "W", "as", "br", "ough", "F", "oster", ",", "C", "M", "G", ",", "D", "S", "O", ",", "VD", "(", "1", "October", "187", "5", "–", "2", "December", "1954", ")", "was", "a", "noted", "mountain", "e", "er", ",", "Conserv", "ative", "Party", "politician", ",", "business", "man", ",", "and", "chief", "con", "st", "able", "in", "British", "Columbia", ",", "Canada", ",", "in", "addition", "to", "his", "dist", "ingu", "ished", "military", "career", ".", "Early", "life", "Kn", "own", "as", "B", "illy", "to", "friends", "and", "family", ",", "F", "oster", "was", "born", "in", "Br", "isto", "l", ",", "England", ".", "He", "studied", "engineering", "at", "W", "y", "cl", "if", "fe", "College", "before", "he", "em", "igr", "ated", "to", "British", "Columbia", "in", "189", "4", ",", "where", "he", "became", "involved", "in", "the", "l", "u", "cr", "ative", "l", "umber", "business", ".", "He", "served", "with", "the", "Canadian", "Pacific", "Railway", "as", "a", "super", "int", "end", "ent", "and", "police", "mag", "istr", "ate", "in", "Re", "vel", "sto", "ke", ",", "manager", "for", "the", "G", "lo", "be", "L", "umber", "Company", "on", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "Island", ",", "President", "of", "the", "Conserv", "ative", "Party", "of", "British", "Columbia", ",", "prov", "incial", "Member", "of", "the", "Legisl", "ative", "Assembly", ",", "and", "Minister", "of", "Public", "Works", "prior", "to", "the", "Great", "War", ".", "F", "oster", "was", "an", "av", "id", "mountain", "e", "er", "and", "was", "on", "the", "first", "ex", "ped", "itions", "to", "cl", "imb", "Mount", "Rob", "son", "and", "Canada", "'", "s", "highest", "peak", ",", "Mount", "L", "og", "an", ".", "F", "oster", "served", "as", "the", "president", "of", "the", "Al", "p", "ine", "Club", "of", "Canada", "and", "has", "a", "mountain", "on", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "Island", "named", "in", "his", "hon", "our", ",", "Mount", "Colon", "el", "F", "oster", ",", "as", "well", "as", "F", "oster", "Peak", "in", "the", "Canadian", "Rock", "ies", ".", "He", "was", "also", "an", "honor", "ary", "initi", "ate", "of", "the", "BC", "Al", "pha", "chap", "ter", "of", "the", "Ph", "i", "Del", "ta", "The", "ta", "fr", "ater", "n", "ity", "at", "the", "University", "of", "British", "Columbia", ".", "In", "World", "War", "I", ",", "he", "f", "ought", "in", "the", "S", "om", "me", "and", "V", "im", "y", "R", "idge", "b", "att", "les", "and", "reached", "the", "rank", "of", "lie", "utenant", "colon", "el", "and", "was", "awarded", "the", "D", "S", "O", ".", "He", "was", "twice", "wound", "ed", "and", "mentioned", "in", "dis", "p", "atch", "es", "five", "times", ".", "Industr", "ial", "relations", "F", "oster", "worked", "as", "the", "manag", "ing", "director", "of", "Ev", "ans", ",", "Co", "le", "man", "and", "Ev", "ans", ",", "a", "tim", "ber", "ex", "port", "ing", "company", "on", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "'", "s", "water", "front", "after", "the", "war", "that", "was", "a", "constitu", "ent", "member", "of", "the", "Sh", "ipp", "ing", "Federation", "of", "British", "Columbia", ",", "established", "by", "railway", ",", "st", "ev", "ed", "or", "ing", ",", "and", "stor", "age", "companies", "to", "man", "age", "commercial", "operations", "on", "the", "Port", "of", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", ".", "In", "1923", ",", "F", "oster", "head", "ed", "the", "Sh", "ipp", "ing", "Federation", "'", "s", "prote", "ction", "committee", ",", "and", "organ", "ised", "a", "group", "of", "14", "4", "special", "con", "st", "ables", ",", "who", "were", "s", "wor", "n", "in", "and", "given", "bad", "ges", "and", "gun", "s", "by", "the", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "Police", "Department", ".", "Their", "job", "was", "to", "prote", "ct", "over", "1", "000", "str", "ike", "break", "ers", ",", "composed", "mainly", "of", "high", "school", "and", "University", "of", "British", "Columbia", "students", ",", "to", "break", "a", "long", "sh", "or", "em", "en", "'", "s", "str", "ike", "and", "cr", "ush", "the", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "local", "of", "the", "International", "Long", "sh", "or", "em", "en", "'", "s", "Association", ".", "The", "str", "ike", "and", "the", "union", "were", "bro", "ken", ",", "and", "the", "long", "sh", "or", "em", "en", "were", "organ", "ised", "into", "a", "new", "company", "union", ",", "the", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "and", "District", "Water", "front", "Work", "ers", "'", "Association", ".", "With", "in", "a", "dec", "ade", ",", "however", ",", "commun", "ist", "organ", "is", "ers", "would", "trans", "form", "the", "union", "into", "a", "m", "ilit", "ant", "union", ",", "which", "again", "would", "come", "into", "conflict", "with", "Colon", "el", "F", "oster", ".", "Chief", "con", "st", "able", "F", "oster", "probably", "gained", "his", "great", "est", "local", "not", "or", "iety", "in", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "when", "he", "was", "appointed", "chief", "con", "st", "able", "of", "the", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "Police", "Department", "on", "3", "January", "1935", ".", "He", "came", "in", "during", "a", "sh", "ake", "-", "up", "and", "pur", "ge", "of", "the", "police", "to", "pre", "p", "are", "the", "c", "iv", "ic", "government", "forces", "for", "a", "show", "down", "with", "the", "local", "commun", "ist", "movement", ".", "The", "Commun", "ist", "Party", "of", "Canada", "'", "s", "trade", "union", "umb", "rel", "la", ",", "the", "Work", "ers", "'", "Un", "ity", "League", ",", "was", "plann", "ing", "a", "general", "str", "ike", "for", "May", "1935", ",", "and", "the", "local", "big", "business", "inter", "ests", "claimed", "that", "it", "was", "to", "be", "the", "beginning", "of", "a", "Bol", "she", "v", "ik", "re", "volution", "in", "Canada", ".", "The", "general", "str", "ike", "and", "re", "volution", "never", "hap", "pen", "ed", ",", "but", "the", "city", "was", "fl", "ood", "ed", "in", "the", "spring", "of", "1935", "with", "str", "ik", "ing", "rel", "ief", "camp", "workers", ",", "which", "met", "am", "or", "ph", "os", "ed", "into", "the", "On", "-", "to", "-", "O", "tt", "awa", "Tre", "k", "that", "left", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "at", "op", "box", "cars", "in", "early", "June", ".", "F", "oster", "rest", "ru", "ct", "ured", "the", "police", "department", "significant", "ly", ",", "and", "led", "an", "ef", "fort", "to", "er", "ad", "ic", "ate", "crime", "and", "vice", "from", "the", "city", ".", "He", "initi", "ated", "the", "first", "training", "of", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "police", "officers", ",", "up", "dated", "police", "un", "i", "forms", ",", "added", "te", "ar", "gas", "to", "the", "police", "ars", "en", "al", ",", "and", "established", "a", "\"", "Commun", "ist", "Act", "iv", "ities", "B", "ranch", "\"", "to", "g", "ather", "int", "ell", "igence", ".", "On", "one", "occas", "ion", ",", "he", "used", "his", "influence", "to", "have", "a", "by", "law", "passed", "b", "anning", "white", "women", "from", "working", "in", "Chin", "at", "own", "restaur", "ants", "on", "the", "ass", "um", "ption", "that", "they", "were", "being", "l", "ured", "into", "pro", "stitution", ",", "or", "\"", "white", "sl", "av", "ery", "\"", "as", "it", "was", "known", "at", "the", "time", ",", "with", "Chinese", "cl", "ients", ".", "The", "move", "sp", "ark", "ed", "a", "back", "l", "ash", "from", "Chinese", "business", "men", "and", "from", "women", "who", "had", "lost", "their", "job", "s", "from", "restaur", "ants", ",", "which", "had", "their", "business", "lic", "ences", "rev", "ok", "ed", ".", "Business", "lic", "ences", "were", "rest", "ored", "only", "when", "the", "own", "ers", "agreed", "not", "longer", "employ", "white", "women", "any", "longer", ",", "and", "at", "least", "th", "ir", "ty", "women", "were", "forced", "to", "seek", "other", "employ", "ment", ".", "Battle", "of", "Ball", "ant", "y", "ne", "Pier", "F", "oster", "had", "some", "what", "of", "a", "show", "down", "with", "commun", "ism", "during", "the", "Battle", "of", "Ball", "ant", "y", "ne", "Pier", "on", "18", "June", "1935", "when", "a", "group", "of", "about", "1", "000", "long", "sh", "or", "em", "en", "and", "sup", "por", "ters", "m", "arch", "ed", "behind", "a", "cont", "ing", "ent", "of", "war", "ve", "ter", "ans", "carr", "ying", "the", "Union", "Jack", "head", "ed", "towards", "the", "water", "front", ",", "where", "str", "ike", "break", "ers", "were", "un", "load", "ing", "ships", ".", "F", "oster", "and", "cont", "ing", "ents", "from", "the", "city", ",", "prov", "incial", ",", "and", "federal", "police", "forces", "dro", "ve", "the", "pro", "t", "es", "ters", "back", "with", "tr", "un", "che", "ons", "and", "te", "ar", "gas", ".", "Pro", "test", "ors", "f", "ought", "back", ",", "and", "for", "three", "hours", ",", "police", "and", "demonstr", "ators", "cl", "ash", "ed", "in", "the", "stre", "ets", "of", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "'", "s", "East", "End", ".", "One", "youth", "was", "shot", "in", "the", "back", "of", "his", "leg", "s", "by", "a", "police", "shot", "gun", ",", "and", "many", "pro", "t", "es", "ters", "and", "police", "required", "hospital", "treatment", "after", "the", "ri", "ot", ".", "Later", "life", "F", "oster", "remained", "active", "in", "ve", "ter", "an", "aff", "airs", "during", "pe", "ac", "et", "ime", "and", "was", "the", "president", "of", "the", "Royal", "Canadian", "Leg", "ion", "from", "1938", "to", "1940", ".", "His", "career", "as", "chief", "con", "st", "able", "was", "cut", "short", "when", "he", "was", "called", "off", "to", "war", "in", "1939", ".", "During", "the", "Second", "World", "War", ",", "he", "was", "promoted", "to", "major", "general", ".", "In", "April", "1943", ",", "F", "oster", "was", "en", "listed", "by", "Prime", "Minister", "M", "ack", "en", "z", "ie", "King", "to", "serve", "as", "Commission", "er", "of", "Def", "ense", "Project", "s", "in", "Canada", "'", "s", "north", "west", ".", "King", "described", "him", "in", "his", "di", "ary", "as", "\"", "A", "very", "f", "ine", "fellow", "with", "l", "ots", "of", "t", "act", ".", "I", "th", "ink", "he", "will", "be", "an", "ide", "al", "man", "for", "the", "position", ";", "also", "an", "ex", "-", "President", "of", "the", "war", "ve", "ter", "ans", ".", "He", "has", "knowledge", "and", "carr", "ies", "with", "him", "author", "ity", "and", "has", "f", "ine", "organiz", "ing", "ability", ".\"", "Canada", "was", "then", "co", "-", "operating", "with", "the", "United", "States", "on", "in", "fr", "astr", "u", "cture", "projects", "in", "the", "North", "west", "that", "would", "have", "im", "plic", "ations", "on", "post", "war", "b", "il", "ater", "al", "relations", ".", "F", "oster", "'", "s", "role", "was", "to", "make", "sure", "\"", "that", "no", "commit", "ments", "are", "made", "and", "no", "sit", "uation", "allowed", "to", "develop", "as", "a", "result", "of", "which", "the", "full", "Canadian", "control", "of", "the", "area", "would", "be", "in", "any", "way", "pre", "jud", "iced", "or", "end", "ang", "ered", ".\"", "After", "the", "war", ",", "F", "oster", "was", "appointed", "the", "head", "of", "BC", "Hy", "dro", ",", "where", "he", "again", "attemp", "ted", "to", "fight", "off", "the", "forces", "of", "union", "isation", ".", "References", "S", ".", "M", ".", "Car", "ter", ",", "Wh", "o", "'", "s", "Wh", "o", "in", "British", "Columbia", ":", "1937", "-", "38", "-", "39", ":", "A", "Record", "of", "British", "Columbia", "Men", "and", "Women", "of", "Tod", "ay", ".", "'", "'", "'", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", ":", "S", ".", "M", ".", "Car", "ter", ",", "1939", ".", "Lind", "say", "El", "ms", ",", "\"", "William", "(", "B", "illy", ")", "W", "as", "br", "ough", "F", "oster", ",", "187", "5", "–", "1954", "\",", "htt", "p", "://", "members", ".", "sh", "aw", ".", "ca", "/", "bey", "ond", "n", "oot", "ka", "/", "bio", "graph", "ies", "/", "w", "_", "f", "oster", ".", "h", "t", "m", "l", "Victor", "How", "ard", ",", "We", "W", "ere", "the", "Sal", "t", "of", "the", "Earth", ":", "A", "N", "arr", "ative", "of", "the", "On", "-", "to", "-", "O", "tt", "awa", "Tre", "k", "and", "the", "Reg", "ina", "R", "i", "ot", ".", "Reg", "ina", ":", "Canadian", "Pl", "ains", "Research", "Centre", ",", "University", "of", "Reg", "ina", ",", "1985", ".", "Andrew", "Par", "na", "by", ",", "\"", "On", "the", "Ho", "ok", ":", "W", "elf", "are", "Cap", "ital", "ism", "on", "the", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "Water", "front", ",", "1919", "–", "1939", ",\"", "Ph", "D", "thes", "is", ",", "Memorial", "University", ",", "2001", ".", "John", "St", "ant", "on", ",", "N", "ever", "S", "ay", "Die", "!", ":", "The", "Life", "and", "Times", "of", "a", "P", "ione", "er", "Labour", "Law", "yer", ",", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", ",", "Ste", "el", "Rail", "Publish", "ing", ",", "1987", ".", "Joe", "Sw", "an", ",", "A", "Cent", "ury", "of", "Service", ":", "The", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "Police", "188", "6", "–", "1986", ",", "'", "'", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", ":", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "Police", "Histor", "ical", "Society", "and", "Cent", "enn", "ial", "Museum", ",", "1986", ".", "British", "Columbia", "Conserv", "ative", "Party", "ML", "As", "187", "5", "births", "1954", "deaths", "Canadian", "anti", "-", "commun", "ists", "V", "anc", "ou", "ver", "police", "chief", "s", "Canadian", "gener", "als", "Canadian", "military", "personnel", "of", "World", "War", "I", "Canadian", "Comp", "an", "ions", "of", "the", "Order", "of", "St", "Michael", "and", "St", "George", "Canadian", "Comp", "an", "ions", "of", "the", "D", "ist", "ingu", "ished", "Service", "Order", "Leg", "ion", "of", "Fr", "ont", "iers", "men", "members", "Canadian", "mountain", "cl", "im", "bers", "People", "educated", "at", "W", "y", "cl", "if", "fe", "College", ",", "Gl", "ou", "ces", "ter", "shire", "English", "em", "igrants", "to", "Canada", "Canadian", "mag", "istr", "ates" ]
[ 27449, 17, 25991, 25643, 59, 24594, 24816, 24812, 42, 29924, 16, 39, 49, 43, 16, 40, 55, 51, 16, 29796, 12, 21, 25336, 25821, 25, 4992, 22, 25422, 28134, 13, 24625, 69, 27869, 27911, 73, 24582, 16, 28127, 25077, 25970, 26900, 16, 26045, 24710, 16, 24596, 27430, 24652, 24606, 24914, 24581, 25320, 27949, 16, 26124, 16, 24581, 26012, 24601, 24684, 26079, 28214, 25814, 26280, 25513, 18, 26580, 25372, 28144, 24781, 24594, 38, 28713, 24601, 28838, 24596, 25334, 16, 42, 29924, 24625, 25049, 24581, 24980, 28244, 80, 16, 25921, 18, 24736, 27990, 29437, 24590, 59, 93, 24691, 24692, 24828, 25665, 25327, 24607, 24635, 27338, 24712, 24601, 25320, 27949, 24581, 25529, 24, 16, 25072, 24607, 25244, 27186, 24581, 24585, 80, 89, 24810, 25077, 80, 29044, 26045, 18, 24736, 25612, 24651, 24585, 26113, 27726, 27112, 24594, 69, 26811, 24957, 24725, 24609, 24596, 27135, 25984, 24901, 24688, 24581, 24693, 24979, 27069, 24801, 16, 27750, 24618, 24585, 43, 25169, 24636, 48, 29044, 26478, 24584, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 26553, 16, 26180, 24595, 24585, 28127, 25077, 25970, 24595, 25320, 27949, 16, 25086, 29556, 29239, 24595, 24585, 28979, 25077, 27458, 16, 24596, 26785, 24595, 26746, 28835, 27934, 24601, 24585, 26604, 25209, 18, 42, 29924, 24625, 24583, 24668, 24630, 27911, 73, 24582, 24596, 24625, 24584, 24585, 24818, 24707, 25437, 25876, 24601, 24691, 29308, 27396, 27081, 24951, 24596, 26124, 11, 87, 27794, 28601, 16, 27396, 48, 24776, 24583, 18, 42, 29924, 25612, 24594, 24585, 26270, 24595, 24585, 24788, 84, 24734, 26188, 24595, 26124, 24596, 24808, 69, 27911, 24584, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 26553, 25533, 24581, 24684, 26260, 24714, 16, 27396, 28615, 24613, 42, 29924, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 42, 29924, 28914, 24581, 24585, 26113, 26977, 24675, 18, 24736, 24625, 24762, 24583, 28609, 24713, 29210, 24688, 24595, 24585, 25924, 24788, 29832, 28223, 24621, 24595, 24585, 25218, 77, 26697, 26191, 24627, 26191, 24653, 24836, 82, 24683, 24590, 24585, 25015, 24595, 25320, 27949, 18, 24657, 25166, 25209, 45, 16, 24607, 74, 26001, 24581, 24585, 55, 24605, 24885, 24596, 58, 24634, 93, 54, 25788, 70, 24866, 24928, 24596, 27375, 24585, 28989, 24595, 27404, 28408, 27916, 24613, 24596, 24625, 27043, 24585, 40, 55, 51, 18, 24736, 24625, 29767, 29824, 24588, 24596, 29539, 24581, 24913, 84, 25229, 24589, 25842, 26418, 18, 28894, 24727, 29118, 42, 29924, 26245, 24594, 24585, 25753, 24599, 26319, 24595, 27156, 24841, 16, 25287, 24604, 24710, 24596, 27156, 24841, 16, 69, 26951, 24681, 24707, 24873, 24599, 25684, 24584, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 11, 87, 25801, 26633, 24942, 24585, 25573, 24682, 24625, 69, 28875, 24609, 25537, 24595, 24585, 24950, 26210, 24599, 29478, 24595, 25320, 27949, 16, 25572, 24647, 27423, 16, 24606, 24895, 24588, 24586, 24599, 16, 24596, 27006, 24754, 26818, 24601, 24710, 24754, 28035, 27791, 24584, 24585, 26170, 24595, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 18, 24657, 29184, 16, 42, 29924, 25342, 24588, 24585, 24950, 26210, 24599, 29478, 11, 87, 26265, 24768, 29250, 16, 24596, 25337, 25719, 69, 25273, 24595, 25129, 24, 26318, 24652, 24606, 28624, 16, 24831, 24747, 87, 24784, 82, 24581, 24596, 26207, 28227, 26182, 24596, 26895, 87, 24647, 24585, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 28433, 26606, 18, 28306, 28325, 24625, 24601, 26265, 24637, 24752, 21, 25348, 24740, 26504, 27115, 24629, 16, 28429, 28617, 24595, 25153, 25228, 24596, 25015, 24595, 25320, 27949, 26498, 16, 24601, 27115, 69, 25444, 24690, 24586, 24635, 24587, 11, 87, 24740, 26504, 24596, 24810, 26009, 24585, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 25763, 24595, 24585, 25731, 27623, 24690, 24586, 24635, 24587, 11, 87, 26196, 18, 24627, 24740, 26504, 24596, 24585, 27603, 24747, 25693, 27975, 16, 24596, 24585, 25444, 24690, 24586, 24635, 24587, 24747, 25337, 25719, 25000, 69, 24983, 25684, 27603, 16, 24585, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 24596, 25730, 28004, 26633, 28821, 24629, 11, 26196, 18, 26137, 24581, 69, 25438, 24899, 16, 26537, 16, 25480, 24641, 25337, 24593, 24629, 25084, 25207, 24839, 24585, 27603, 25000, 69, 81, 25521, 24738, 27603, 16, 24763, 25098, 25084, 25502, 25000, 29998, 24651, 28615, 24613, 42, 29924, 18, 27459, 24652, 24606, 24914, 42, 29924, 29484, 29546, 24684, 26432, 24655, 25763, 24809, 24586, 27839, 24581, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 25091, 24607, 24625, 26449, 27430, 24652, 24606, 24914, 24595, 24585, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 28433, 26606, 24584, 23, 25352, 28606, 18, 24736, 26206, 24581, 25104, 69, 24690, 25019, 17, 24772, 24596, 26017, 24721, 24595, 24585, 27135, 24601, 24970, 84, 24686, 24585, 71, 24622, 24597, 25621, 27087, 24618, 69, 25339, 25581, 24651, 24585, 25763, 25480, 24641, 27595, 18, 24627, 26363, 24641, 25970, 24595, 26124, 11, 87, 27980, 27603, 26086, 25050, 25403, 16, 24585, 28821, 24629, 11, 24739, 24683, 25375, 16, 24625, 27542, 24599, 69, 26139, 24740, 26504, 24618, 25176, 28606, 16, 24596, 24585, 25763, 28007, 26045, 25033, 26495, 27538, 24682, 24598, 24625, 24601, 24636, 24585, 27790, 24595, 69, 28160, 24971, 90, 25054, 24600, 27268, 24581, 26124, 18, 24627, 26139, 24740, 26504, 24596, 24600, 27268, 26908, 29608, 25863, 24588, 16, 24835, 24585, 25491, 24625, 24949, 24946, 24588, 24581, 24585, 29421, 24595, 28606, 24651, 24740, 25054, 24599, 25050, 25564, 25829, 28885, 16, 24763, 25547, 24611, 24586, 24844, 24674, 24588, 25000, 24585, 24964, 17, 24601, 17, 51, 26557, 27539, 28166, 79, 24682, 25475, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 24590, 24644, 26938, 29197, 24581, 25551, 25347, 18, 42, 29924, 25448, 26325, 24637, 25638, 24585, 27135, 27956, 27122, 24633, 16, 24596, 25121, 24583, 25636, 26683, 24601, 24582, 24614, 24597, 24688, 29499, 24596, 26192, 24672, 24585, 25491, 18, 24736, 29210, 24712, 24585, 24818, 27126, 24595, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 27135, 28264, 16, 24772, 29703, 27135, 24631, 77, 26769, 16, 27220, 24680, 24592, 27556, 24601, 24585, 27135, 25289, 24587, 24591, 16, 24596, 25572, 69, 6, 26363, 24641, 25928, 24622, 25082, 38, 27558, 6, 24601, 75, 25376, 24957, 24731, 29290, 18, 24964, 24748, 28305, 24602, 16, 24607, 25030, 24684, 28818, 24601, 24920, 69, 24647, 25539, 27951, 70, 29967, 26711, 25522, 24672, 26609, 24581, 26466, 24590, 24781, 29893, 25575, 24584, 24585, 24732, 24656, 28082, 24682, 25002, 24747, 25270, 80, 25638, 25000, 24685, 27486, 16, 24586, 6, 26711, 25608, 24668, 25527, 6, 24594, 24598, 24625, 25137, 24590, 24585, 24978, 16, 24651, 26640, 24691, 27434, 18, 24627, 27570, 24878, 24944, 24588, 69, 25152, 80, 25124, 24672, 26640, 26045, 25203, 24596, 24672, 25522, 24831, 24798, 26439, 24862, 28325, 87, 24672, 29893, 25575, 16, 24763, 24798, 24862, 26045, 25020, 27217, 29461, 24834, 24588, 18, 28513, 25020, 27217, 24747, 25448, 25839, 25089, 25091, 24585, 24781, 24629, 29281, 24809, 28475, 26632, 26711, 25522, 24956, 28475, 16, 24596, 24590, 27306, 24580, 24624, 24819, 25522, 24747, 27787, 24601, 29947, 24858, 26632, 24718, 18, 27474, 24595, 29030, 24738, 93, 24687, 28898, 42, 29924, 24798, 25191, 26111, 24595, 69, 25339, 25581, 24651, 25480, 25284, 25104, 24585, 27474, 24595, 29030, 24738, 93, 24687, 28898, 24584, 24722, 25347, 28606, 25091, 69, 25273, 24595, 25150, 21, 25348, 25444, 24690, 24586, 24635, 24587, 24596, 25263, 24729, 24998, 81, 25340, 24588, 27606, 69, 25062, 24599, 24609, 24595, 25573, 24961, 24621, 24841, 26262, 26194, 24585, 26275, 27582, 25342, 24588, 27814, 24585, 25801, 26633, 16, 25072, 24740, 26504, 27115, 24629, 24747, 24631, 28276, 24599, 26705, 18, 42, 29924, 24596, 25062, 24599, 24883, 24672, 24585, 25491, 16, 25086, 29556, 16, 24596, 28272, 27135, 27087, 28279, 24961, 24585, 24685, 88, 24589, 24998, 25152, 24651, 24664, 24631, 25697, 25285, 24596, 24680, 24592, 27556, 18, 25057, 25881, 24903, 74, 26001, 25152, 16, 24596, 24618, 25151, 28273, 16, 27135, 24596, 29109, 26323, 24691, 25124, 24588, 24581, 24585, 29771, 25525, 24595, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 11, 87, 25962, 28962, 18, 25954, 28424, 24625, 27463, 24581, 24585, 25152, 24595, 24684, 25247, 87, 24647, 69, 27135, 27463, 26895, 16, 24596, 25160, 24685, 88, 24589, 24998, 24596, 27135, 27957, 28527, 29225, 24942, 24585, 25356, 24643, 18, 27618, 25372, 42, 29924, 27093, 26764, 24581, 24961, 24621, 24583, 25582, 26859, 25104, 24678, 24616, 24645, 24856, 24596, 24625, 24585, 26270, 24595, 24585, 26094, 26113, 26463, 24602, 24672, 28398, 24601, 27932, 18, 25496, 25513, 24594, 27430, 24652, 24606, 24914, 24625, 25599, 25903, 25091, 24607, 24625, 25446, 24894, 24601, 25573, 24581, 27906, 18, 25867, 24585, 26832, 25166, 25209, 16, 24607, 24625, 28449, 24601, 25744, 26139, 18, 24657, 25381, 27896, 16, 42, 29924, 24625, 24587, 26791, 24647, 28570, 26785, 49, 24765, 24587, 94, 24716, 25478, 24601, 28315, 24594, 27147, 24582, 24595, 27748, 26607, 28924, 87, 24581, 26124, 11, 87, 25855, 25820, 18, 25478, 25896, 25047, 24581, 24684, 25817, 24713, 24594, 6, 37, 25878, 74, 24734, 28607, 24651, 80, 26392, 24595, 88, 24756, 18, 45, 24580, 26224, 24607, 25494, 24636, 24583, 24814, 24591, 24710, 24618, 24585, 25654, 31, 24762, 24583, 24707, 17, 26180, 24595, 24585, 25573, 24961, 24621, 24841, 18, 24736, 24808, 29859, 24596, 26262, 24675, 24651, 25047, 25931, 24683, 24596, 24808, 74, 24734, 27599, 24599, 26382, 25215, 26124, 24625, 25115, 24869, 17, 29260, 24651, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24584, 24581, 24653, 27736, 89, 26014, 29018, 24581, 24585, 25386, 25820, 24682, 25084, 24920, 24634, 26506, 24833, 24584, 25890, 25573, 70, 24608, 24836, 24591, 29118, 18, 42, 29924, 11, 87, 26078, 24625, 24601, 26127, 29722, 6, 24682, 25159, 28573, 25272, 24686, 25167, 24596, 25159, 26117, 26984, 27702, 24601, 25371, 24594, 69, 26242, 24595, 24763, 24585, 26453, 26113, 26539, 24595, 24585, 25450, 25084, 24636, 24581, 24956, 24968, 24970, 26867, 29138, 24586, 24725, 24822, 25351, 25215, 25302, 24585, 25573, 16, 42, 29924, 24625, 26449, 24585, 25342, 24595, 25924, 27315, 28279, 16, 25072, 24607, 25098, 28052, 24826, 24601, 27072, 24894, 24585, 27087, 24595, 27603, 28182, 18, 24838, 55, 18, 49, 18, 25198, 24621, 16, 25067, 83, 11, 87, 25067, 83, 24581, 25320, 27949, 30, 28476, 17, 26865, 17, 27011, 30, 37, 26135, 24595, 25320, 27949, 26385, 24596, 26348, 24595, 28544, 24632, 18, 11, 11, 11, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 30, 55, 18, 49, 18, 25198, 24621, 16, 27906, 18, 29306, 27092, 25421, 25865, 16, 6, 25643, 12, 38, 28713, 13, 59, 24594, 24816, 24812, 42, 29924, 16, 25821, 25, 4992, 28134, 25243, 28760, 84, 28765, 25622, 18, 24690, 24766, 18, 25656, 19, 28122, 25112, 82, 24922, 26631, 19, 29522, 25761, 24675, 19, 91, 67, 74, 29924, 18, 76, 88, 81, 80, 26847, 27390, 24695, 16, 25472, 59, 24671, 24585, 26200, 88, 24595, 24585, 28525, 30, 37, 50, 24848, 25077, 24595, 24585, 24964, 17, 24601, 17, 51, 26557, 27539, 28166, 79, 24596, 24585, 25458, 25110, 54, 77, 24643, 18, 25458, 25110, 30, 26113, 25123, 27364, 27374, 28155, 16, 25015, 24595, 25458, 25110, 16, 26849, 18, 28269, 25251, 25901, 24647, 16, 6, 24964, 24585, 27973, 24834, 30, 59, 25389, 24686, 26010, 25430, 25284, 24584, 24585, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 28004, 26633, 16, 28656, 4992, 27906, 27037, 25218, 40, 27630, 24593, 16, 29599, 25015, 16, 25933, 18, 25149, 24709, 24738, 24584, 16, 50, 25034, 55, 24632, 27923, 5, 30, 24627, 26933, 24596, 27701, 24595, 69, 52, 28703, 24582, 29982, 26347, 27737, 16, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 16, 25550, 24613, 26220, 29561, 24599, 16, 26753, 18, 28439, 25504, 24583, 16, 37, 25332, 24960, 24595, 27349, 30, 24627, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 28433, 25668, 26, 4992, 26801, 16, 11, 11, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 30, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 28433, 26259, 24757, 26510, 24596, 25332, 25187, 24727, 26531, 16, 26801, 18, 25320, 27949, 28127, 25077, 25970, 29168, 24906, 25821, 25, 25393, 28134, 25989, 26113, 26907, 17, 25480, 25006, 58, 25353, 24603, 24735, 27135, 27430, 87, 26113, 25872, 24702, 26113, 26280, 28197, 24595, 25166, 25209, 45, 26113, 25685, 24583, 24921, 24595, 24585, 26947, 24595, 24709, 26605, 24596, 24709, 26026, 26113, 25685, 24583, 24921, 24595, 24585, 40, 24641, 28214, 25814, 27349, 26947, 26463, 24602, 24595, 24974, 25349, 26306, 25203, 25622, 26113, 27911, 24691, 24634, 28298, 25687, 29518, 24590, 59, 93, 24691, 24692, 24828, 25665, 16, 25899, 24603, 24730, 24621, 26249, 25407, 24635, 29563, 24601, 26124, 26113, 25984, 24901, 24855 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
67080932
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakkeng%C5%AB
Hakkengū
Hakkengū (Japanese: 八剣宮) is a Shinto shrine established in 708 located in Atsuta-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, in Japan. It is the betsugū (auxiliary shrine) of the Atsuta Shrine. The legendary sword Kusanagi no Tsurugi, one of the three Imperial Regalia of Japan, is worshipped as the shintai of the shrine. History Hakkengū was established in 708. From the architectural style to the annual festivals and rituals, everything is done according to Atsuta Shrine's hongū (main shrine). Since ancient times, the samurai have been deeply worshipped. In 1575, Oda Nobunaga and his eldest son Kankurō encamped in Atsuta during the Battle of Nagashino. Observing that Hakkengū had deteriorated to the point that it had lost its essential character, Nobunaga ordered the shrine to be repaired by his chief carpenter Okabe Mataemon. In 1599, shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu repaired the haiden (hall of worship) and the shrine corridors and walls. In 1686, shōgun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi rebuilt the main shrine. Deities 6 deities are worshipped at the Hakkengū shrine. Atsuta no Ōkami Amaterasu Ōmikami Susanoo no Mikoto Yamato Takeru no Mikoto Miyazuhime no Mikoto Takeinadane no Mikoto References Shinto shrines in Nagoya 708 establishments Buildings and structures in Nagoya Setsumatsusha Atsuta Shrine
[ "H", "ak", "k", "eng", "ū", "(", "Japanese", ":", "八", "剣", "宮", ")", "is", "a", "Sh", "into", "sh", "r", "ine", "established", "in", "70", "8", "located", "in", "A", "ts", "ut", "a", "-", "k", "u", ",", "N", "ag", "oy", "a", ",", "A", "ich", "i", "Pre", "fect", "ure", ",", "in", "Japan", ".", "It", "is", "the", "bet", "su", "g", "ū", "(", "aux", "ili", "ary", "sh", "r", "ine", ")", "of", "the", "A", "ts", "ut", "a", "Sh", "r", "ine", ".", "The", "leg", "end", "ary", "sw", "ord", "K", "us", "an", "ag", "i", "no", "T", "sur", "ug", "i", ",", "one", "of", "the", "three", "Im", "perial", "Reg", "al", "ia", "of", "Japan", ",", "is", "wor", "ship", "ped", "as", "the", "sh", "int", "ai", "of", "the", "sh", "r", "ine", ".", "History", "H", "ak", "k", "eng", "ū", "was", "established", "in", "70", "8", ".", "From", "the", "architect", "ural", "style", "to", "the", "annual", "f", "est", "ivals", "and", "rit", "uals", ",", "every", "thing", "is", "done", "according", "to", "A", "ts", "ut", "a", "Sh", "r", "ine", "'", "s", "h", "ong", "ū", "(", "main", "sh", "r", "ine", ").", "Since", "ancient", "times", ",", "the", "s", "am", "ur", "ai", "have", "been", "deep", "ly", "wor", "ship", "ped", ".", "In", "15", "75", ",", "O", "da", "N", "ob", "un", "aga", "and", "his", "el", "dest", "son", "K", "ank", "ur", "ō", "en", "camp", "ed", "in", "A", "ts", "ut", "a", "during", "the", "Battle", "of", "N", "ag", "ash", "ino", ".", "Ob", "serving", "that", "H", "ak", "k", "eng", "ū", "had", "de", "ter", "ior", "ated", "to", "the", "point", "that", "it", "had", "lost", "its", "ess", "ential", "character", ",", "N", "ob", "un", "aga", "ordered", "the", "sh", "r", "ine", "to", "be", "re", "pair", "ed", "by", "his", "chief", "car", "p", "enter", "O", "ka", "be", "M", "ata", "em", "on", ".", "In", "15", "99", ",", "sh", "ō", "gun", "Tok", "ug", "awa", "I", "ey", "as", "u", "re", "pair", "ed", "the", "h", "aid", "en", "(", "hall", "of", "wor", "ship", ")", "and", "the", "sh", "r", "ine", "cor", "rid", "ors", "and", "wall", "s", ".", "In", "16", "86", ",", "sh", "ō", "gun", "Tok", "ug", "awa", "T", "s", "un", "ay", "os", "hi", "re", "built", "the", "main", "sh", "r", "ine", ".", "De", "ities", "6", "de", "ities", "are", "wor", "ship", "ped", "at", "the", "H", "ak", "k", "eng", "ū", "sh", "r", "ine", ".", "A", "ts", "ut", "a", "no", "Ō", "k", "ami", "Am", "ater", "as", "u", "Ō", "m", "ik", "ami", "Sus", "ano", "o", "no", "M", "ik", "oto", "Y", "am", "ato", "T", "aker", "u", "no", "M", "ik", "oto", "M", "iy", "az", "u", "h", "ime", "no", "M", "ik", "oto", "T", "ake", "in", "ad", "ane", "no", "M", "ik", "oto", "References", "Sh", "into", "sh", "r", "ines", "in", "N", "ag", "oy", "a", "70", "8", "establishments", "Buildings", "and", "structures", "in", "N", "ag", "oy", "a", "S", "ets", "um", "ats", "ush", "a", "A", "ts", "ut", "a", "Sh", "r", "ine" ]
[ 44, 24700, 79, 25010, 330, 12, 26288, 30, 7721, 7889, 9270, 13, 24593, 69, 24950, 25000, 24690, 86, 24734, 25572, 24581, 26921, 28, 25616, 24581, 37, 24704, 24660, 69, 17, 79, 89, 16, 50, 24638, 24969, 69, 16, 37, 24708, 77, 27058, 25613, 24794, 16, 24581, 25514, 18, 24805, 24593, 24585, 26765, 24701, 75, 330, 12, 29318, 26817, 24713, 24690, 86, 24734, 13, 24595, 24585, 37, 24704, 24660, 69, 24950, 86, 24734, 18, 24627, 25247, 24725, 24713, 26106, 24750, 47, 24640, 24583, 24638, 77, 25159, 56, 25281, 24880, 77, 16, 24748, 24595, 24585, 25151, 26541, 29039, 25458, 24591, 24677, 24595, 25514, 16, 24593, 24784, 24929, 25437, 24594, 24585, 24690, 24957, 25257, 24595, 24585, 24690, 86, 24734, 18, 25592, 44, 24700, 79, 25010, 330, 24625, 25572, 24581, 26921, 28, 18, 26228, 24585, 28538, 25274, 25698, 24601, 24585, 28152, 74, 24655, 29992, 24596, 24773, 27728, 16, 26237, 26592, 24593, 28736, 27753, 24601, 37, 24704, 24660, 69, 24950, 86, 24734, 11, 87, 76, 24728, 330, 12, 25039, 24690, 86, 24734, 24874, 27169, 28970, 26418, 16, 24585, 87, 24611, 24615, 25257, 24920, 24948, 28921, 24633, 24784, 24929, 25437, 18, 24657, 25018, 27183, 16, 51, 26963, 50, 24870, 24631, 29111, 24596, 24684, 24613, 26395, 24951, 47, 25358, 24615, 300, 24587, 25829, 24588, 24581, 37, 24704, 24660, 69, 25104, 24585, 27474, 24595, 50, 24638, 25124, 26093, 18, 28418, 27880, 24682, 44, 24700, 79, 25010, 330, 24798, 24650, 24621, 25233, 24712, 24601, 24585, 25992, 24682, 24598, 24798, 26439, 24783, 24676, 27103, 26096, 16, 50, 24870, 24631, 29111, 28588, 24585, 24690, 86, 24734, 24601, 24636, 24600, 27904, 24588, 24647, 24684, 27430, 25653, 84, 27270, 51, 26631, 24636, 49, 25591, 24635, 24584, 18, 24657, 25018, 28085, 16, 24690, 300, 26895, 28554, 24880, 27539, 45, 28062, 24594, 89, 24600, 27904, 24588, 24585, 76, 25282, 24587, 12, 28467, 24595, 24784, 24929, 13, 24596, 24585, 24690, 86, 24734, 25779, 27307, 24903, 24596, 27141, 87, 18, 24657, 25009, 28723, 16, 24690, 300, 26895, 28554, 24880, 27539, 56, 87, 24631, 24632, 24674, 26766, 24600, 25679, 24585, 25039, 24690, 86, 24734, 18, 24821, 25082, 26, 24650, 25082, 24686, 24784, 24929, 25437, 24590, 24585, 44, 24700, 79, 25010, 330, 24690, 86, 24734, 18, 37, 24704, 24660, 69, 25159, 299, 79, 29236, 25417, 24836, 24594, 89, 299, 81, 25054, 29236, 28845, 27320, 83, 25159, 49, 25054, 25882, 61, 24611, 26910, 56, 26704, 89, 25159, 49, 25054, 25882, 49, 27881, 25022, 89, 76, 24856, 25159, 49, 25054, 25882, 56, 25019, 24581, 24614, 25713, 25159, 49, 25054, 25882, 24838, 24950, 25000, 24690, 86, 25675, 24581, 50, 24638, 24969, 69, 26921, 28, 26712, 29994, 24596, 28010, 24581, 50, 24638, 24969, 69, 55, 25525, 24656, 25729, 26009, 69, 37, 24704, 24660, 69, 24950, 86, 24734 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
4155157
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Peccole%20Park
William Peccole Park
William Peccole Park is a stadium in Reno, Nevada. It is primarily used for baseball, and is the home field of the University of Nevada, Reno Wolf Pack baseball team. It opened in 1988. It holds 3,000 people. It played host to the Reno Silver Sox professional baseball team of the independent Golden Baseball League from 2006 to 2008. See also List of NCAA Division I baseball venues References 1988 establishments in Nevada College baseball venues in the United States Sports venues completed in 1988 Sports venues in Reno, Nevada Minor league baseball venues Nevada Wolf Pack baseball Nevada Wolf Pack sports venues
[ "William", "Pe", "c", "co", "le", "Park", "is", "a", "st", "adium", "in", "Ren", "o", ",", "Nev", "ada", ".", "It", "is", "primarily", "used", "for", "baseball", ",", "and", "is", "the", "home", "field", "of", "the", "University", "of", "Nev", "ada", ",", "Ren", "o", "W", "olf", "P", "ack", "baseball", "team", ".", "It", "opened", "in", "1988", ".", "It", "holds", "3", ",", "000", "people", ".", "It", "played", "host", "to", "the", "Ren", "o", "Sil", "ver", "S", "ox", "professional", "baseball", "team", "of", "the", "independent", "Golden", "Baseball", "League", "from", "2006", "to", "2008", ".", "See", "also", "List", "of", "NCAA", "Division", "I", "baseball", "ven", "ues", "References", "1988", "establishments", "in", "Nev", "ada", "College", "baseball", "ven", "ues", "in", "the", "United", "States", "Sports", "ven", "ues", "completed", "in", "1988", "Sports", "ven", "ues", "in", "Ren", "o", ",", "Nev", "ada", "Min", "or", "league", "baseball", "ven", "ues", "Nev", "ada", "W", "olf", "P", "ack", "baseball", "Nev", "ada", "W", "olf", "P", "ack", "sports", "ven", "ues" ]
[ 25643, 25061, 71, 24869, 24604, 25840, 24593, 69, 24606, 27475, 24581, 29126, 83, 16, 29844, 27015, 18, 24805, 24593, 28974, 25030, 24618, 28353, 16, 24596, 24593, 24585, 25664, 25401, 24595, 24585, 25015, 24595, 29844, 27015, 16, 29126, 83, 59, 26982, 52, 24765, 28353, 25036, 18, 24805, 26274, 24581, 26637, 18, 24805, 27316, 23, 16, 25348, 24941, 18, 24805, 25350, 26123, 24601, 24585, 29126, 83, 27137, 24735, 55, 26173, 26350, 28353, 25036, 24595, 24585, 27756, 28897, 28694, 25375, 24672, 25562, 24601, 25505, 18, 25404, 24762, 25831, 24595, 29770, 26141, 45, 28353, 25232, 25966, 24838, 26637, 26712, 24581, 29844, 27015, 25665, 28353, 25232, 25966, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 26760, 25232, 25966, 26534, 24581, 26637, 26760, 25232, 25966, 24581, 29126, 83, 16, 29844, 27015, 25507, 24586, 26425, 28353, 25232, 25966, 29844, 27015, 59, 26982, 52, 24765, 28353, 29844, 27015, 59, 26982, 52, 24765, 26651, 25232, 25966 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
22643316
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fate%27s%20Plaything
Fate's Plaything
Fate's Plaything () is a 1920 Dutch-British silent drama film directed by Maurits Binger. Cast Reginald Barton - Stephen Adams Constance Worth - Dolores Blockett Bruce Gordon - Dr. Lucas Murray Adelqui Migliar - Hugo Amadis Frank Dane - Charles Blackett Hector Abbas - Quentin Sylvester Henry Scofield - Blackett Harry Waghalter - Fane Henny Van Merle - Joyce Blackett Norman Doxat-Pratt - Peter Gwen Tremayne - Dolores als kind Fred Homann - Dokter Marie Spiljar Leni Marcus Frans Bogaert External links 1920 films Dutch silent feature films British silent feature films British black-and-white films Dutch black-and-white films 1920 drama films Films directed by Maurits Binger Silent British drama films Silent Dutch drama films 1920s British films
[ "F", "ate", "'", "s", "Play", "thing", "()", "is", "a", "1920", "Dutch", "-", "British", "sil", "ent", "drama", "film", "directed", "by", "Ma", "ur", "its", "B", "inger", ".", "Cast", "Reg", "in", "ald", "B", "art", "on", "-", "Stephen", "Adam", "s", "Con", "st", "ance", "Wor", "th", "-", "D", "ol", "ores", "B", "lock", "ett", "Bru", "ce", "Gord", "on", "-", "Dr", ".", "Luc", "as", "Mur", "ray", "Ad", "el", "qu", "i", "M", "ig", "li", "ar", "-", "H", "ug", "o", "Am", "ad", "is", "Frank", "D", "ane", "-", "Charles", "Black", "ett", "He", "ctor", "Ab", "bas", "-", "Qu", "ent", "in", "Sy", "l", "ves", "ter", "Henry", "Sc", "of", "ield", "-", "Black", "ett", "Harry", "W", "ag", "hal", "ter", "-", "F", "ane", "H", "enn", "y", "Van", "Mer", "le", "-", "Jo", "y", "ce", "Black", "ett", "Nor", "man", "D", "ox", "at", "-", "Pr", "att", "-", "Peter", "G", "w", "en", "Tre", "may", "ne", "-", "D", "ol", "ores", "als", "kind", "Fred", "H", "om", "ann", "-", "D", "ok", "ter", "Mar", "ie", "Sp", "il", "j", "ar", "L", "en", "i", "Mar", "cus", "Fran", "s", "B", "og", "a", "ert", "External", "links", "1920", "films", "Dutch", "sil", "ent", "feature", "films", "British", "sil", "ent", "feature", "films", "British", "black", "-", "and", "-", "white", "films", "Dutch", "black", "-", "and", "-", "white", "films", "1920", "drama", "films", "Films", "directed", "by", "Ma", "ur", "its", "B", "inger", "Sil", "ent", "British", "drama", "films", "Sil", "ent", "Dutch", "drama", "films", "1920", "s", "British", "films" ]
[ 42, 24688, 11, 87, 26390, 26592, 26399, 24593, 69, 27519, 27442, 17, 25320, 26845, 24609, 27493, 24932, 26511, 24647, 26255, 24615, 24783, 38, 29487, 18, 26502, 25458, 24581, 26624, 38, 24673, 24584, 17, 29448, 28150, 87, 24924, 24606, 24985, 25028, 24580, 17, 40, 24612, 29165, 38, 26642, 26573, 29635, 24648, 29757, 24584, 17, 25471, 18, 27760, 24594, 27017, 28840, 25266, 24613, 24715, 77, 49, 24628, 24952, 24592, 17, 44, 24880, 83, 25417, 24614, 24593, 26741, 40, 25713, 17, 26500, 26258, 26573, 24736, 25158, 25762, 26253, 17, 25953, 24609, 24581, 25558, 80, 26048, 24621, 26841, 25076, 24595, 25194, 17, 26258, 26573, 29637, 59, 24638, 25809, 24621, 17, 42, 25713, 44, 25187, 93, 28008, 26415, 24604, 17, 24934, 93, 24648, 26258, 26573, 25011, 24710, 40, 26173, 24590, 17, 24891, 24866, 17, 26638, 43, 91, 24587, 28166, 25345, 24687, 17, 40, 24612, 29165, 24702, 29006, 29855, 44, 24605, 24910, 17, 40, 24834, 24621, 24829, 24716, 25175, 24608, 78, 24592, 48, 24587, 77, 24829, 26722, 25146, 87, 38, 24776, 69, 27465, 25065, 25051, 27519, 25477, 27442, 26845, 24609, 28102, 25477, 25320, 26845, 24609, 28102, 25477, 25320, 26776, 17, 24596, 17, 26711, 25477, 27442, 26776, 17, 24596, 17, 26711, 25477, 27519, 27493, 25477, 27019, 26511, 24647, 26255, 24615, 24783, 38, 29487, 27137, 24609, 25320, 27493, 25477, 27137, 24609, 27442, 27493, 25477, 27519, 87, 25320, 25477 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
24319145
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamad%20Elzahabi
Mohamad Elzahabi
Mohamad Kamal Elzahabi ( Mohamad Kamal El-Zahabi) is a Lebanese national who was granted permanent resident status in the United States in 1986, after first arriving on a student visa. During the 1990s, he worked as a small arms instructor at an Afghan training camp when the country was engulfed in civil war among the mujahideen following the Soviet withdrawal. He also fought in Lebanon and Chechnya in the 1990s. After returning to the United States in the 1990s, he and his brother had a garage in New York. Later he worked as a taxi cab driver and last, became a truck driver. The FBI started tracking him, and they interrogated him at length in 2003, with his cooperation. He was arrested in Texas in 2004 based on his past associations. In 2007, he was convicted of immigration fraud, sentenced to time served and deported. Entry to United States Elzahabi entered the United States in 1984 on a student visa. He was married that year, but divorced in 1988. The marriage later led to his criminal conviction of immigration fraud. In 1986, he was granted permanent resident status. Afghanistan In 1988, Elzahabi attended a religious conference in the Mid-Western United States, where he was persuaded to travel to Afghanistan to help repel the Soviet invasion. He was a sniper and trained others on the use of the Dragunov sniper rifle at the Khalden training camp. He became acquainted with Abu Zubaydah, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi and others during his time in the country. He also met Nabil al-Marabh, Bassam Kanj and Raed Hijazi at Khalden, men with whom he renewed acquaintance in Boston in the United States a decade later, where three worked for the same taxi cab company. With the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan in 1989, Elzahabi returned to the United States. When later asked by The Globe and Mail to explain what had happened amongst the Arab foreign fighters following the war, he replied, "What happens in Vegas, stays in Vegas". In 1991, Elzahabi returned to Afghanistan to continue the fight against the Najibullah government. He stayed in Afghanistan for 4 years until in 1995, he suffered an abdominal gunshot wound in Kabul, and was treated in a Peshawar hospital, where he was visited by Ahmed Khadr. Return to the United States He returned to the United States in 1995 to recuperate from his wound. He worked with his brother Abdelrahman at a New York City garage named Drive Axle Rebuilders, located at 47-33, 5th Street, from 1995-97. He moved from New York to Boston in 1997, and the following year was employed at the same cab company as al-Marabh and Kanj, from the training camp in Afghanistan. Although the four men each went their separate ways following the war, in 1998 they were all working as cab drivers in Boston, Massachusetts, the first three of them all working for the same company. When Hijazi, the fourth friend from Afghanistan, applied for a Massachusetts drivers license to begin driving a cab, he used Elzahabi's residential address: 15 Appleton Street, Everett, as his own. Lebanon and Chechnya Elzahabi left the United States in 1998, and later received a phone call from Abu Zubaydah, who wanted to know if he could support the Khalden camp. Although he declined the offer, Zubaydah sent him an entry visa for Pakistan hoping to persuade him to return. Elzahabi decided against the idea. In 1999, he traveled to Lebanon. He left briefly to perform the hajj pilgrimage to Saudi Arabia, but returned to Lebanon, where he trained a number of fighters for Kanj, his friend from the Afghan camps. He trained a group known as the Al-Dinnayyah Rebels. He went to fight as a sniper in the Second Chechen War, although later claimed he recalled firing his rifle just once, at a Russian soldier on a bulldozer. He said he was more interested in finding a bride. United States officials claim he was later given $300,000 by an unknown party who asked him to carry it into the embattled Russian region. Elzahabi moved to Montreal, Quebec, Canada, where he lived with family members. Refused citizenship, he returned to the United States in August 2001. Return to the United States Elzahabi became a truck driver in the United States. He applied for a Commercial driver's license on August 23, 2001 in Minnesota. He traveled to Boston on September 7, and three days later wrote a cashier's cheque for $30,000. He explained it as thinking it was unsafe to carry his stake with him while he was "bouncing from city to city, in search of paid driving work". He later used the cash to purchase a 1998 Freightliner 18-wheel truck with leather seats. His license was granted in January 2002. Several months later, in September 2003 he applied for a license allowing him to carry general freight. In late 2003, the FBI noted he was in the United States and hired an informant to live in the same rooming house. Agents acquired wiretaps and began following him, but there was no evidence he had any criminal aspirations. They approached him and asked him to stay in a hotel room with FBI agents for 17 days to be interrogated, and he agreed. He later said that he had been afraid they might treat him like Maher Arar if he refused. He gave interviews, took lie detector tests, and gave the agents the passwords to his internet accounts. He was confronted by the FBI about Abdullah Almalki. Elzahabi with his brother, was working with Almaki to sell walkie-talkies to Pakistani customers overseas. He said that he and his brother had not known what was in the packages they mailed from their New York garage. Classified American documents leaked to The Globe and Mail showed that Elzahabi also told the FBI he vaguely knew Arar in Afghanistan, having "spotted him there in the early 1990s". Elzahabi received his insurance clearance to begin work in April 2004. Legal trouble "Branded an al-Qaeda terrorist," he was arrested by the FBI agent Harry Samit on April 16, 2004. On June 25, he was charged with lying to authorities for claiming to have had no knowledge of shipping any radio devices overseas with his brother and Almalki. The FBI dropped those charges, but pressed three for immigration fraud. They had found a "drug-addicted ex-stripper" at the Pink Pussycat Club in Houston, who testified a Lebanese student "named something like 'Lazahabi'" had paid her to marry him for a green card. The RCMP provided faxes seized from Abdullah Almalki's house during Project O Canada, detailing the sale of the walkie-talkies to Elzahabi's brother. The FBI later affirmed that it bugged and videotaped Elzahabi's cell. Deportation In 2007, he was convicted of possessing false immigration documents following 8 hours of jury deliberation. He was sentenced to time served and released to the Department of Justice for deportation proceedings. He was taken from prison in Elk River, Minnesota, to the Immigration Holding Centre in El Paso, Texas and was eventually deported from the United States the same year. See also List of books, articles and documentaries about snipers References 1960s births Chechen militants Military snipers Living people People deported from the United States American taxi drivers Lebanese emigrants to the United States
[ "Mo", "ham", "ad", "Kam", "al", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "(", "Mo", "ham", "ad", "Kam", "al", "El", "-", "Z", "ah", "ab", "i", ")", "is", "a", "Le", "ban", "ese", "national", "who", "was", "granted", "perman", "ent", "resident", "status", "in", "the", "United", "States", "in", "1986", ",", "after", "first", "arr", "iving", "on", "a", "student", "vis", "a", ".", "During", "the", "1990s", ",", "he", "worked", "as", "a", "small", "arms", "in", "stru", "ctor", "at", "an", "Af", "gh", "an", "training", "camp", "when", "the", "country", "was", "eng", "ulf", "ed", "in", "civil", "war", "among", "the", "m", "u", "j", "ah", "ide", "en", "following", "the", "Soviet", "with", "draw", "al", ".", "He", "also", "f", "ought", "in", "Le", "ban", "on", "and", "Che", "chn", "ya", "in", "the", "1990s", ".", "After", "return", "ing", "to", "the", "United", "States", "in", "the", "1990s", ",", "he", "and", "his", "brother", "had", "a", "gar", "age", "in", "New", "York", ".", "Later", "he", "worked", "as", "a", "tax", "i", "cab", "dr", "iver", "and", "last", ",", "became", "a", "tr", "uck", "dr", "iver", ".", "The", "F", "B", "I", "started", "track", "ing", "him", ",", "and", "they", "inter", "ro", "g", "ated", "him", "at", "length", "in", "2003", ",", "with", "his", "co", "operation", ".", "He", "was", "arrested", "in", "Texas", "in", "2004", "based", "on", "his", "past", "associ", "ations", ".", "In", "2007", ",", "he", "was", "conv", "icted", "of", "imm", "igr", "ation", "fr", "aud", ",", "sent", "enced", "to", "time", "served", "and", "de", "ported", ".", "En", "try", "to", "United", "States", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "entered", "the", "United", "States", "in", "1984", "on", "a", "student", "vis", "a", ".", "He", "was", "married", "that", "year", ",", "but", "div", "or", "ced", "in", "1988", ".", "The", "marriage", "later", "led", "to", "his", "crimin", "al", "conv", "iction", "of", "imm", "igr", "ation", "fr", "aud", ".", "In", "1986", ",", "he", "was", "granted", "perman", "ent", "resident", "status", ".", "Af", "gh", "an", "istan", "In", "1988", ",", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "attended", "a", "religious", "conference", "in", "the", "Mid", "-", "Western", "United", "States", ",", "where", "he", "was", "pers", "u", "ad", "ed", "to", "travel", "to", "Af", "gh", "an", "istan", "to", "help", "re", "p", "el", "the", "Soviet", "inv", "asion", ".", "He", "was", "a", "sn", "ip", "er", "and", "train", "ed", "others", "on", "the", "use", "of", "the", "Dr", "ag", "un", "ov", "sn", "ip", "er", "r", "if", "le", "at", "the", "K", "hal", "den", "training", "camp", ".", "He", "became", "acqu", "ain", "ted", "with", "Ab", "u", "Z", "ub", "ay", "d", "ah", ",", "Ab", "u", "Mus", "ab", "al", "-", "Z", "ar", "q", "aw", "i", "and", "others", "during", "his", "time", "in", "the", "country", ".", "He", "also", "met", "N", "ab", "il", "al", "-", "Mar", "ab", "h", ",", "B", "ass", "am", "K", "an", "j", "and", "Ra", "ed", "H", "ij", "az", "i", "at", "K", "hal", "den", ",", "men", "with", "whom", "he", "ren", "ew", "ed", "acqu", "aint", "ance", "in", "Boston", "in", "the", "United", "States", "a", "dec", "ade", "later", ",", "where", "three", "worked", "for", "the", "same", "tax", "i", "cab", "company", ".", "With", "the", "with", "draw", "al", "of", "Soviet", "troops", "from", "Af", "gh", "an", "istan", "in", "1989", ",", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "returned", "to", "the", "United", "States", ".", "When", "later", "asked", "by", "The", "G", "lo", "be", "and", "M", "ail", "to", "expl", "ain", "what", "had", "hap", "pen", "ed", "among", "st", "the", "Arab", "foreign", "f", "igh", "ters", "following", "the", "war", ",", "he", "re", "plied", ",", "\"", "What", "h", "app", "ens", "in", "Ve", "gas", ",", "st", "ays", "in", "Ve", "gas", "\".", "In", "1991", ",", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "returned", "to", "Af", "gh", "an", "istan", "to", "continue", "the", "fight", "against", "the", "N", "aj", "ib", "ull", "ah", "government", ".", "He", "st", "ayed", "in", "Af", "gh", "an", "istan", "for", "4", "years", "until", "in", "1995", ",", "he", "suffered", "an", "ab", "domin", "al", "gun", "shot", "wound", "in", "K", "ab", "ul", ",", "and", "was", "tre", "ated", "in", "a", "P", "esh", "aw", "ar", "hospital", ",", "where", "he", "was", "vis", "ited", "by", "Ah", "med", "K", "had", "r", ".", "Ret", "urn", "to", "the", "United", "States", "He", "returned", "to", "the", "United", "States", "in", "1995", "to", "rec", "u", "per", "ate", "from", "his", "wound", ".", "He", "worked", "with", "his", "brother", "Ab", "del", "ra", "h", "man", "at", "a", "New", "York", "City", "gar", "age", "named", "Dr", "ive", "A", "x", "le", "Re", "build", "ers", ",", "located", "at", "47", "-", "33", ",", "5th", "Street", ",", "from", "1995", "-", "97", ".", "He", "moved", "from", "New", "York", "to", "Boston", "in", "1997", ",", "and", "the", "following", "year", "was", "employ", "ed", "at", "the", "same", "cab", "company", "as", "al", "-", "Mar", "ab", "h", "and", "K", "an", "j", ",", "from", "the", "training", "camp", "in", "Af", "gh", "an", "istan", ".", "Although", "the", "four", "men", "each", "went", "their", "separate", "ways", "following", "the", "war", ",", "in", "1998", "they", "were", "all", "working", "as", "cab", "dr", "ivers", "in", "Boston", ",", "Massachusetts", ",", "the", "first", "three", "of", "them", "all", "working", "for", "the", "same", "company", ".", "When", "H", "ij", "az", "i", ",", "the", "fourth", "friend", "from", "Af", "gh", "an", "istan", ",", "ap", "plied", "for", "a", "Massachusetts", "dr", "ivers", "lic", "ense", "to", "be", "gin", "dr", "iving", "a", "cab", ",", "he", "used", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "'", "s", "resident", "ial", "address", ":", "15", "Ap", "ple", "ton", "Street", ",", "E", "ver", "ett", ",", "as", "his", "own", ".", "Le", "ban", "on", "and", "Che", "chn", "ya", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "left", "the", "United", "States", "in", "1998", ",", "and", "later", "received", "a", "phone", "call", "from", "Ab", "u", "Z", "ub", "ay", "d", "ah", ",", "who", "wanted", "to", "know", "if", "he", "could", "support", "the", "K", "hal", "den", "camp", ".", "Although", "he", "decl", "ined", "the", "offer", ",", "Z", "ub", "ay", "d", "ah", "sent", "him", "an", "entry", "vis", "a", "for", "Pakistan", "hop", "ing", "to", "pers", "u", "ade", "him", "to", "return", ".", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "decided", "against", "the", "idea", ".", "In", "1999", ",", "he", "travel", "ed", "to", "Le", "ban", "on", ".", "He", "left", "brief", "ly", "to", "perform", "the", "h", "aj", "j", "pil", "gr", "image", "to", "S", "aud", "i", "Arab", "ia", ",", "but", "returned", "to", "Le", "ban", "on", ",", "where", "he", "train", "ed", "a", "number", "of", "f", "igh", "ters", "for", "K", "an", "j", ",", "his", "friend", "from", "the", "Af", "gh", "an", "camp", "s", ".", "He", "train", "ed", "a", "group", "known", "as", "the", "Al", "-", "D", "inn", "ay", "y", "ah", "Re", "b", "els", ".", "He", "went", "to", "fight", "as", "a", "sn", "ip", "er", "in", "the", "Second", "Che", "chen", "War", ",", "although", "later", "claimed", "he", "re", "called", "fir", "ing", "his", "r", "if", "le", "just", "once", ",", "at", "a", "Russian", "sold", "ier", "on", "a", "bul", "ld", "o", "zer", ".", "He", "said", "he", "was", "more", "inter", "ested", "in", "find", "ing", "a", "br", "ide", ".", "United", "States", "officials", "claim", "he", "was", "later", "given", "$", "300", ",", "000", "by", "an", "unknown", "party", "who", "asked", "him", "to", "carr", "y", "it", "into", "the", "emb", "att", "led", "Russian", "region", ".", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "moved", "to", "Mont", "real", ",", "Que", "bec", ",", "Canada", ",", "where", "he", "lived", "with", "family", "members", ".", "Re", "f", "used", "citiz", "en", "ship", ",", "he", "returned", "to", "the", "United", "States", "in", "August", "2001", ".", "Ret", "urn", "to", "the", "United", "States", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "became", "a", "tr", "uck", "dr", "iver", "in", "the", "United", "States", ".", "He", "ap", "plied", "for", "a", "Com", "mercial", "dr", "iver", "'", "s", "lic", "ense", "on", "August", "23", ",", "2001", "in", "Minnesota", ".", "He", "travel", "ed", "to", "Boston", "on", "September", "7", ",", "and", "three", "days", "later", "wrote", "a", "c", "ash", "ier", "'", "s", "che", "que", "for", "$", "30", ",", "000", ".", "He", "expl", "ained", "it", "as", "th", "in", "king", "it", "was", "un", "saf", "e", "to", "carr", "y", "his", "st", "ake", "with", "him", "while", "he", "was", "\"", "b", "oun", "cing", "from", "city", "to", "city", ",", "in", "search", "of", "paid", "dr", "iving", "work", "\".", "He", "later", "used", "the", "c", "ash", "to", "purch", "ase", "a", "1998", "Fre", "ight", "lin", "er", "18", "-", "whe", "el", "tr", "uck", "with", "le", "ather", "seats", ".", "His", "lic", "ense", "was", "granted", "in", "January", "2002", ".", "Se", "veral", "months", "later", ",", "in", "September", "2003", "he", "ap", "plied", "for", "a", "lic", "ense", "allow", "ing", "him", "to", "carr", "y", "general", "fre", "ight", ".", "In", "late", "2003", ",", "the", "F", "B", "I", "noted", "he", "was", "in", "the", "United", "States", "and", "h", "ired", "an", "in", "forman", "t", "to", "live", "in", "the", "same", "room", "ing", "house", ".", "Ag", "ents", "acquired", "w", "ire", "t", "aps", "and", "began", "following", "him", ",", "but", "there", "was", "no", "evidence", "he", "had", "any", "crimin", "al", "as", "p", "ir", "ations", ".", "They", "approach", "ed", "him", "and", "asked", "him", "to", "stay", "in", "a", "hot", "el", "room", "with", "F", "B", "I", "ag", "ents", "for", "17", "days", "to", "be", "inter", "ro", "g", "ated", ",", "and", "he", "agreed", ".", "He", "later", "said", "that", "he", "had", "been", "a", "fr", "aid", "they", "might", "treat", "him", "like", "Ma", "her", "Ar", "ar", "if", "he", "ref", "used", ".", "He", "gave", "interview", "s", ",", "took", "lie", "dete", "ctor", "test", "s", ",", "and", "gave", "the", "ag", "ents", "the", "pass", "words", "to", "his", "in", "ternet", "ac", "coun", "ts", ".", "He", "was", "con", "fr", "on", "ted", "by", "the", "F", "B", "I", "about", "Ab", "d", "ull", "ah", "Al", "mal", "ki", ".", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "with", "his", "brother", ",", "was", "working", "with", "Al", "m", "aki", "to", "s", "ell", "wal", "k", "ie", "-", "tal", "k", "ies", "to", "Pak", "ist", "ani", "custom", "ers", "over", "se", "as", ".", "He", "said", "that", "he", "and", "his", "brother", "had", "not", "known", "what", "was", "in", "the", "pack", "ages", "they", "m", "ailed", "from", "their", "New", "York", "gar", "age", ".", "Class", "ified", "American", "doc", "uments", "le", "ak", "ed", "to", "The", "G", "lo", "be", "and", "M", "ail", "showed", "that", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "also", "told", "the", "F", "B", "I", "he", "v", "agu", "ely", "k", "new", "Ar", "ar", "in", "Af", "gh", "an", "istan", ",", "having", "\"", "spot", "ted", "him", "there", "in", "the", "early", "1990s", "\".", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "received", "his", "ins", "ur", "ance", "clear", "ance", "to", "be", "gin", "work", "in", "April", "2004", ".", "Leg", "al", "tr", "ou", "ble", "\"", "Br", "anded", "an", "al", "-", "Q", "a", "ed", "a", "ter", "ror", "ist", ",\"", "he", "was", "arrested", "by", "the", "F", "B", "I", "ag", "ent", "Harry", "Sam", "it", "on", "April", "16", ",", "2004", ".", "On", "June", "25", ",", "he", "was", "charg", "ed", "with", "lying", "to", "authorities", "for", "claim", "ing", "to", "have", "had", "no", "knowledge", "of", "ship", "ping", "any", "radio", "de", "vices", "over", "se", "as", "with", "his", "brother", "and", "Al", "mal", "ki", ".", "The", "F", "B", "I", "drop", "ped", "those", "charg", "es", ",", "but", "press", "ed", "three", "for", "imm", "igr", "ation", "fr", "aud", ".", "They", "had", "found", "a", "\"", "drug", "-", "add", "icted", "ex", "-", "str", "ip", "per", "\"", "at", "the", "P", "ink", "P", "us", "sy", "cat", "Club", "in", "Hou", "ston", ",", "who", "test", "ified", "a", "Le", "ban", "ese", "student", "\"", "named", "some", "thing", "like", "'", "L", "az", "ah", "ab", "i", "'", "\"", "had", "paid", "her", "to", "marr", "y", "him", "for", "a", "green", "card", ".", "The", "R", "C", "MP", "provided", "f", "ax", "es", "se", "ized", "from", "Ab", "d", "ull", "ah", "Al", "mal", "ki", "'", "s", "house", "during", "Project", "O", "Canada", ",", "det", "ail", "ing", "the", "s", "ale", "of", "the", "wal", "k", "ie", "-", "tal", "k", "ies", "to", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "'", "s", "brother", ".", "The", "F", "B", "I", "later", "af", "fir", "med", "that", "it", "b", "ug", "ged", "and", "v", "ide", "ot", "ap", "ed", "El", "z", "ah", "ab", "i", "'", "s", "cell", ".", "De", "port", "ation", "In", "2007", ",", "he", "was", "conv", "icted", "of", "poss", "ess", "ing", "f", "al", "se", "imm", "igr", "ation", "doc", "uments", "following", "8", "hours", "of", "j", "ury", "del", "iber", "ation", ".", "He", "was", "sent", "enced", "to", "time", "served", "and", "released", "to", "the", "Department", "of", "Justice", "for", "de", "port", "ation", "pro", "ceed", "ings", ".", "He", "was", "taken", "from", "prison", "in", "El", "k", "River", ",", "Minnesota", ",", "to", "the", "Im", "m", "igr", "ation", "H", "old", "ing", "Centre", "in", "El", "P", "as", "o", ",", "Texas", "and", "was", "eventually", "de", "ported", "from", "the", "United", "States", "the", "same", "year", ".", "See", "also", "List", "of", "books", ",", "articles", "and", "document", "aries", "about", "sn", "ip", "ers", "References", "1960s", "births", "Che", "chen", "m", "ilit", "ants", "Military", "sn", "ip", "ers", "Living", "people", "People", "de", "ported", "from", "the", "United", "States", "American", "tax", "i", "dr", "ivers", "Le", "ban", "ese", "em", "igrants", "to", "the", "United", "States" ]
[ 25721, 25484, 24614, 29802, 24591, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 12, 25721, 25484, 24614, 29802, 24591, 25421, 17, 62, 24966, 24662, 77, 13, 24593, 69, 24843, 25870, 25059, 25743, 24831, 24625, 29751, 29339, 24609, 29489, 28259, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24581, 26801, 16, 24942, 24818, 24848, 25113, 24584, 69, 28042, 25423, 69, 18, 25867, 24585, 28371, 16, 24607, 26245, 24594, 69, 25734, 29010, 24581, 25245, 25158, 24590, 24583, 25220, 24743, 24583, 27126, 25829, 25091, 24585, 26052, 24625, 25010, 29046, 24588, 24581, 27052, 25573, 26134, 24585, 81, 89, 78, 24966, 24814, 24587, 25528, 24585, 26955, 24651, 26387, 24591, 18, 24736, 24762, 74, 26001, 24581, 24843, 25870, 24584, 24596, 26892, 25604, 26351, 24581, 24585, 28371, 18, 25302, 25534, 24599, 24601, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24581, 24585, 28371, 16, 24607, 24596, 24684, 26936, 24798, 69, 26151, 24754, 24581, 24871, 25288, 18, 27618, 24607, 26245, 24594, 69, 27480, 77, 29553, 24815, 25140, 24596, 25812, 16, 25244, 69, 24664, 25776, 24815, 25140, 18, 24627, 42, 38, 45, 26213, 26059, 24599, 25047, 16, 24596, 25002, 25033, 24619, 75, 24712, 25047, 24590, 27663, 24581, 25877, 16, 24651, 24684, 24869, 27719, 18, 24736, 24625, 29834, 24581, 26734, 24581, 25783, 25413, 24584, 24684, 27332, 25973, 24833, 18, 24657, 25557, 16, 24607, 24625, 28376, 28665, 24595, 26923, 27338, 24626, 24653, 26062, 16, 26171, 27150, 24601, 24978, 25612, 24596, 24650, 25856, 18, 24879, 25378, 24601, 24994, 25131, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 27918, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24581, 26812, 24584, 69, 28042, 25423, 69, 18, 24736, 24625, 26160, 24682, 24854, 16, 24835, 26515, 24586, 24926, 24581, 26637, 18, 24627, 28580, 25163, 25121, 24601, 24684, 28365, 24591, 28376, 26289, 24595, 26923, 27338, 24626, 24653, 26062, 18, 24657, 26801, 16, 24607, 24625, 29751, 29339, 24609, 29489, 28259, 18, 25220, 24743, 24583, 27107, 24657, 26637, 16, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 27446, 69, 28104, 29209, 24581, 24585, 26344, 17, 26551, 24994, 25131, 16, 25072, 24607, 24625, 28100, 89, 24614, 24588, 24601, 27735, 24601, 25220, 24743, 24583, 27107, 24601, 26709, 24600, 84, 24613, 24585, 26955, 25212, 29965, 18, 24736, 24625, 69, 28602, 24696, 24582, 24596, 25800, 24588, 26662, 24584, 24585, 25043, 24595, 24585, 25471, 24638, 24631, 24658, 28602, 24696, 24582, 86, 24692, 24604, 24590, 24585, 47, 25809, 25848, 27126, 25829, 18, 24736, 25244, 26501, 24667, 24826, 24651, 25762, 89, 62, 24733, 24632, 72, 24966, 16, 25762, 89, 26583, 24662, 24591, 17, 62, 24592, 85, 24766, 77, 24596, 26662, 25104, 24684, 24978, 24581, 24585, 26052, 18, 24736, 24762, 25547, 50, 24662, 24608, 24591, 17, 24829, 24662, 76, 16, 38, 24732, 24611, 47, 24583, 78, 24596, 29549, 24588, 44, 26353, 25022, 77, 24590, 47, 25809, 25848, 16, 25203, 24651, 27810, 24607, 26183, 24774, 24588, 26501, 26336, 24985, 24581, 27929, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 69, 25438, 24899, 25163, 16, 25072, 25151, 26245, 24618, 24585, 25515, 27480, 77, 29553, 25684, 18, 26137, 24585, 24651, 26387, 24591, 24595, 26955, 28563, 24672, 25220, 24743, 24583, 27107, 24581, 26626, 16, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 26355, 24601, 24585, 24994, 25131, 18, 26098, 25163, 28260, 24647, 24627, 43, 25169, 24636, 24596, 49, 24916, 24601, 26153, 24667, 26111, 24798, 29608, 25863, 24588, 26134, 24606, 24585, 27326, 28393, 74, 24697, 24998, 25528, 24585, 25573, 16, 24607, 24600, 27899, 16, 6, 29586, 76, 26212, 24845, 24581, 28217, 27556, 16, 24606, 25895, 24581, 28217, 27556, 25157, 24657, 26487, 16, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 26355, 24601, 25220, 24743, 24583, 27107, 24601, 29135, 24585, 27072, 25296, 24585, 50, 25075, 24751, 26028, 24966, 25621, 18, 24736, 24606, 27882, 24581, 25220, 24743, 24583, 27107, 24618, 24, 25100, 25359, 24581, 26320, 16, 24607, 29589, 24583, 24662, 28683, 24591, 26895, 27463, 29824, 24581, 47, 24662, 24649, 16, 24596, 24625, 26904, 24712, 24581, 69, 52, 26297, 24766, 24592, 28527, 16, 25072, 24607, 24625, 25423, 24863, 24647, 29079, 24992, 47, 24798, 86, 18, 28432, 24935, 24601, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24736, 26355, 24601, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24581, 26320, 24601, 26038, 89, 24726, 24688, 24672, 24684, 29824, 18, 24736, 26245, 24651, 24684, 26936, 25762, 25977, 24840, 76, 24710, 24590, 69, 24871, 25288, 25440, 26151, 24754, 25533, 25471, 24723, 37, 92, 24604, 24693, 25323, 24629, 16, 25616, 24590, 27562, 17, 26688, 16, 29063, 26235, 16, 24672, 26320, 17, 29661, 18, 24736, 25804, 24672, 24871, 25288, 24601, 27929, 24581, 26252, 16, 24596, 24585, 25528, 24854, 24625, 26632, 24588, 24590, 24585, 25515, 29553, 25684, 24594, 24591, 17, 24829, 24662, 76, 24596, 47, 24583, 78, 16, 24672, 24585, 27126, 25829, 24581, 25220, 24743, 24583, 27107, 18, 27238, 24585, 25253, 25203, 25703, 26003, 24862, 28664, 26308, 25528, 24585, 25573, 16, 24581, 26167, 25002, 24747, 24663, 26609, 24594, 29553, 24815, 24877, 24581, 27929, 16, 27978, 16, 24585, 24818, 25151, 24595, 25154, 24663, 26609, 24618, 24585, 25515, 25684, 18, 26098, 44, 26353, 25022, 77, 16, 24585, 27192, 26187, 24672, 25220, 24743, 24583, 27107, 16, 24654, 27899, 24618, 69, 27978, 24815, 24877, 25020, 26607, 24601, 24636, 26118, 24815, 25113, 69, 29553, 16, 24607, 25030, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 11, 87, 29489, 24727, 28987, 30, 25018, 26222, 25603, 24915, 26235, 16, 41, 24735, 26573, 16, 24594, 24684, 24781, 18, 24843, 25870, 24584, 24596, 26892, 25604, 26351, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 25475, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24581, 26167, 16, 24596, 25163, 25774, 69, 29758, 25230, 24672, 25762, 89, 62, 24733, 24632, 72, 24966, 16, 24831, 28804, 24601, 27389, 24692, 24607, 25803, 25983, 24585, 47, 25809, 25848, 25829, 18, 27238, 24607, 26819, 25624, 24585, 26735, 16, 62, 24733, 24632, 72, 24966, 26171, 25047, 24583, 28982, 25423, 69, 24618, 28730, 28912, 24599, 24601, 28100, 89, 24899, 25047, 24601, 25534, 18, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 27484, 25296, 24585, 28661, 18, 24657, 26082, 16, 24607, 27735, 24588, 24601, 24843, 25870, 24584, 18, 24736, 25475, 28671, 24633, 24601, 27662, 24585, 76, 25075, 78, 28064, 24699, 29344, 24601, 55, 26062, 77, 27326, 24677, 16, 24835, 26355, 24601, 24843, 25870, 24584, 16, 25072, 24607, 25800, 24588, 69, 25387, 24595, 74, 24697, 24998, 24618, 47, 24583, 78, 16, 24684, 26187, 24672, 24585, 25220, 24743, 24583, 25829, 87, 18, 24736, 25800, 24588, 69, 25273, 25137, 24594, 24585, 24788, 17, 40, 25021, 24632, 93, 24966, 24693, 70, 25354, 18, 24736, 26003, 24601, 27072, 24594, 69, 28602, 24696, 24582, 24581, 24585, 26832, 26892, 29991, 25209, 16, 26893, 25163, 27538, 24607, 24600, 25446, 24787, 24599, 24684, 86, 24692, 24604, 25871, 26995, 16, 24590, 69, 26341, 26090, 25092, 24584, 69, 28268, 24724, 83, 27611, 18, 24736, 25860, 24607, 24625, 25060, 25033, 26198, 24581, 26611, 24599, 69, 24816, 24814, 18, 24994, 25131, 29644, 26019, 24607, 24625, 25163, 26207, 8, 29036, 16, 25348, 24647, 24583, 29224, 26460, 24831, 28260, 25047, 24601, 26262, 93, 24598, 25000, 24585, 25184, 24866, 25121, 26341, 26436, 18, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 25804, 24601, 26803, 26169, 16, 26080, 24999, 16, 26124, 16, 25072, 24607, 27569, 24651, 25334, 25622, 18, 24693, 74, 25030, 28499, 24587, 24929, 16, 24607, 26355, 24601, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24581, 25313, 25933, 18, 28432, 24935, 24601, 24585, 24994, 25131, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 25244, 69, 24664, 25776, 24815, 25140, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 18, 24736, 24654, 27899, 24618, 69, 24875, 27504, 24815, 25140, 11, 87, 25020, 26607, 24584, 25313, 25217, 16, 25933, 24581, 28653, 18, 24736, 27735, 24588, 24601, 27929, 24584, 25322, 27, 16, 24596, 25151, 26346, 25163, 26299, 69, 71, 25124, 25092, 11, 87, 25697, 25657, 24618, 8, 25402, 16, 25348, 18, 24736, 26153, 26579, 24598, 24594, 24580, 24581, 25889, 24598, 24625, 24631, 27938, 73, 24601, 26262, 93, 24684, 24606, 25019, 24651, 25047, 25293, 24607, 24625, 6, 70, 24661, 27815, 24672, 25491, 24601, 25491, 16, 24581, 29128, 24595, 29465, 24815, 25113, 24918, 25157, 24736, 25163, 25030, 24585, 71, 25124, 24601, 27616, 24963, 69, 26167, 28417, 24789, 24823, 24582, 24722, 17, 27143, 24613, 24664, 25776, 24651, 24604, 25376, 29542, 18, 25496, 25020, 26607, 24625, 29751, 24581, 25352, 25908, 18, 24779, 25452, 26969, 25163, 16, 24581, 25322, 25877, 24607, 24654, 27899, 24618, 69, 25020, 26607, 25813, 24599, 25047, 24601, 26262, 93, 26139, 28728, 24789, 18, 24657, 26075, 25877, 16, 24585, 42, 38, 45, 27869, 24607, 24625, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24596, 76, 25530, 24583, 24581, 26154, 88, 24601, 26622, 24581, 24585, 25515, 26491, 24599, 25470, 18, 26827, 24883, 28369, 91, 24792, 88, 27152, 24596, 25623, 25528, 25047, 16, 24835, 25201, 24625, 25159, 28352, 24607, 24798, 24956, 28365, 24591, 24594, 84, 24624, 24833, 18, 25594, 27784, 24588, 25047, 24596, 28260, 25047, 24601, 29831, 24581, 69, 27780, 24613, 26491, 24651, 42, 38, 45, 24638, 24883, 24618, 24940, 26346, 24601, 24636, 25033, 24619, 75, 24712, 16, 24596, 24607, 29281, 18, 24736, 25163, 25860, 24682, 24607, 24798, 24948, 69, 24653, 25282, 25002, 28792, 27365, 25047, 25692, 26255, 24803, 24780, 24592, 24692, 24607, 25911, 25030, 18, 24736, 26971, 27971, 87, 16, 25676, 27404, 29847, 25158, 25881, 87, 16, 24596, 26971, 24585, 24638, 24883, 24585, 25565, 28899, 24601, 24684, 24581, 29230, 24616, 25008, 24704, 18, 24736, 24625, 24652, 24653, 24584, 24826, 24647, 24585, 42, 38, 45, 25150, 25762, 72, 26028, 24966, 24788, 26986, 27508, 18, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 24651, 24684, 26936, 16, 24625, 26609, 24651, 24788, 81, 29152, 24601, 87, 24731, 27676, 79, 24716, 17, 25696, 79, 24675, 24601, 27523, 24641, 26644, 29483, 24629, 24752, 24620, 24594, 18, 24736, 25860, 24682, 24607, 24596, 24684, 26936, 24798, 24809, 25137, 26111, 24625, 24581, 24585, 29352, 25434, 25002, 81, 28320, 24672, 24862, 24871, 25288, 26151, 24754, 18, 27064, 25798, 24868, 26685, 27608, 24604, 24700, 24588, 24601, 24627, 43, 25169, 24636, 24596, 49, 24916, 29934, 24682, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 24762, 28722, 24585, 42, 38, 45, 24607, 90, 29953, 24959, 79, 24983, 24780, 24592, 24581, 25220, 24743, 24583, 27107, 16, 26296, 6, 29766, 24826, 25047, 25201, 24581, 24585, 25551, 28371, 25157, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 25774, 24684, 25080, 24615, 24985, 27946, 24985, 24601, 24636, 26118, 24918, 24581, 25381, 25783, 18, 26463, 24591, 24664, 24603, 25644, 6, 24980, 27830, 24583, 24591, 17, 53, 69, 24588, 69, 24621, 27149, 24641, 27037, 24607, 24625, 29834, 24647, 24585, 42, 38, 45, 24638, 24609, 29637, 26333, 24598, 24584, 25381, 25009, 16, 25783, 18, 24964, 25347, 25306, 16, 24607, 24625, 28001, 24588, 24651, 27679, 24601, 29866, 24618, 26019, 24599, 24601, 24920, 24798, 25159, 29859, 24595, 24929, 29085, 24956, 26879, 24650, 28254, 24752, 24620, 24594, 24651, 24684, 26936, 24596, 24788, 26986, 27508, 18, 24627, 42, 38, 45, 27888, 25437, 26055, 28001, 24589, 16, 24835, 25415, 24588, 25151, 24618, 26923, 27338, 24626, 24653, 26062, 18, 25594, 24798, 25096, 69, 6, 28872, 17, 25301, 28665, 24707, 17, 24740, 24696, 24726, 6, 24590, 24585, 52, 26224, 52, 24640, 24984, 29241, 26188, 24581, 29431, 26427, 16, 24831, 25881, 25798, 69, 24843, 25870, 25059, 28042, 6, 25533, 25191, 26592, 25692, 11, 48, 25022, 24966, 24662, 77, 11, 6, 24798, 29465, 24803, 24601, 25715, 93, 25047, 24618, 69, 28547, 27853, 18, 24627, 54, 39, 27168, 27380, 74, 25240, 24589, 24620, 25380, 24672, 25762, 72, 26028, 24966, 24788, 26986, 27508, 11, 87, 25470, 25104, 28924, 51, 26124, 16, 26364, 24916, 24599, 24585, 87, 24988, 24595, 24585, 27676, 79, 24716, 17, 25696, 79, 24675, 24601, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 11, 87, 26936, 18, 24627, 42, 38, 45, 25163, 24744, 24787, 24992, 24682, 24598, 70, 24880, 26162, 24596, 90, 24814, 24643, 24654, 24588, 25421, 94, 24966, 24662, 77, 11, 87, 26076, 18, 24821, 24873, 24626, 24657, 25557, 16, 24607, 24625, 28376, 28665, 24595, 26070, 24676, 24599, 74, 24591, 24620, 26923, 27338, 24626, 26685, 27608, 25528, 28, 28273, 24595, 78, 24960, 25977, 29067, 24626, 18, 24736, 24625, 26171, 27150, 24601, 24978, 25612, 24596, 25385, 24601, 24585, 26606, 24595, 28676, 24618, 24650, 24873, 24626, 24685, 27106, 24939, 18, 24736, 24625, 26846, 24672, 26990, 24581, 25421, 79, 25910, 16, 28653, 16, 24601, 24585, 26541, 81, 27338, 24626, 44, 24867, 24599, 28155, 24581, 25421, 52, 24594, 83, 16, 26734, 24596, 24625, 27235, 24650, 25856, 24672, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24585, 25515, 24854, 18, 25404, 24762, 25831, 24595, 26816, 16, 29099, 24596, 27319, 26868, 25150, 28602, 24696, 24629, 24838, 28643, 25393, 26892, 29991, 81, 25521, 25575, 27576, 28602, 24696, 24629, 25766, 24941, 25687, 24650, 25856, 24672, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24868, 27480, 77, 24815, 24877, 24843, 25870, 25059, 24635, 29563, 24601, 24585, 24994, 25131 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
7224432
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Call%20It%20Love
I Call It Love
"I Call It Love" is a song by American singer Lionel Richie. It was written by Mikkel S. Eriksen, Tor Erik Hermansen, and Phillip "Taj" Jackson for Richie's eighth studio album Coming Home (2006), while production was helmed by Eriksen and Hermansen under their production moniker Stargate. The song was released as the album's lead single and reached number-one on Billboards urban adult contemporary chart. Nicole Richie starred in the accompanying music video. Track listing Notes signifies an additional producer Charts Weekly charts Year-end charts References 2006 singles Lionel Richie songs Song recordings produced by Stargate (record producers) Songs written by Tor Erik Hermansen Songs written by Mikkel Storleer Eriksen 2006 songs
[ "\"", "I", "Call", "It", "Love", "\"", "is", "a", "song", "by", "American", "singer", "L", "ion", "el", "Rich", "ie", ".", "It", "was", "written", "by", "M", "ik", "k", "el", "S", ".", "E", "ri", "ks", "en", ",", "Tor", "Er", "ik", "Her", "man", "sen", ",", "and", "Ph", "ill", "ip", "\"", "T", "aj", "\"", "Jackson", "for", "Rich", "ie", "'", "s", "e", "ighth", "studio", "album", "Com", "ing", "Home", "(", "2006", "),", "while", "production", "was", "hel", "med", "by", "E", "ri", "ks", "en", "and", "Her", "man", "sen", "under", "their", "production", "mon", "ik", "er", "St", "arg", "ate", ".", "The", "song", "was", "released", "as", "the", "album", "'", "s", "lead", "single", "and", "reached", "number", "-", "one", "on", "Bill", "bo", "ards", "urban", "ad", "ult", "contemporary", "chart", ".", "N", "ico", "le", "Rich", "ie", "starr", "ed", "in", "the", "ac", "company", "ing", "music", "video", ".", "Track", "listing", "Notes", "sign", "if", "ies", "an", "additional", "producer", "Ch", "arts", "Week", "ly", "ch", "arts", "Year", "-", "end", "ch", "arts", "References", "2006", "singles", "L", "ion", "el", "Rich", "ie", "songs", "Song", "record", "ings", "produced", "by", "St", "arg", "ate", "(", "record", "produ", "c", "ers", ")", "Songs", "written", "by", "Tor", "Er", "ik", "Her", "man", "sen", "Songs", "written", "by", "M", "ik", "k", "el", "St", "or", "le", "er", "E", "ri", "ks", "en", "2006", "songs" ]
[ 6, 45, 29548, 24805, 27236, 6, 24593, 69, 25256, 24647, 24868, 27041, 48, 24602, 24613, 26121, 24716, 18, 24805, 24625, 26084, 24647, 49, 25054, 79, 24613, 55, 18, 41, 25356, 24737, 24587, 16, 26621, 26509, 25054, 25503, 24710, 25948, 16, 24596, 25218, 24689, 24696, 6, 56, 25075, 6, 28334, 24618, 26121, 24716, 11, 87, 73, 29850, 27500, 25174, 24875, 24599, 28074, 12, 25562, 24758, 25293, 26193, 24625, 25280, 24992, 24647, 41, 25356, 24737, 24587, 24596, 25503, 24710, 25948, 25016, 24862, 26193, 24981, 25054, 24582, 24709, 25135, 24688, 18, 24627, 25256, 24625, 25385, 24594, 24585, 25174, 11, 87, 25246, 25789, 24596, 27375, 25387, 17, 24748, 24584, 26684, 24807, 25598, 28285, 24614, 24886, 29596, 28304, 18, 50, 25942, 24604, 26121, 24716, 27987, 24588, 24581, 24585, 24616, 25684, 24599, 25331, 26221, 18, 28186, 29009, 27004, 25314, 24692, 24675, 24583, 27851, 27417, 24698, 26706, 28392, 24633, 24610, 26706, 26099, 17, 24725, 24610, 26706, 24838, 25562, 27548, 48, 24602, 24613, 26121, 24716, 26384, 26777, 25210, 24939, 26073, 24647, 24709, 25135, 24688, 12, 25210, 25027, 71, 24629, 13, 28731, 26084, 24647, 26621, 26509, 25054, 25503, 24710, 25948, 28731, 26084, 24647, 49, 25054, 79, 24613, 24709, 24586, 24604, 24582, 41, 25356, 24737, 24587, 25562, 26384 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
13217415
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neu%20Boltenhagen
Neu Boltenhagen
Neu Boltenhagen is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. References Vorpommern-Greifswald
[ "Ne", "u", "Bol", "ten", "h", "ag", "en", "is", "a", "municipality", "in", "the", "V", "or", "p", "om", "mer", "n", "-", "Gre", "if", "sw", "ald", "district", ",", "in", "Me", "ck", "len", "burg", "-", "V", "or", "p", "om", "mer", "n", ",", "Germany", ".", "References", "V", "or", "p", "om", "mer", "n", "-", "Gre", "if", "sw", "ald" ]
[ 25486, 89, 28160, 25026, 76, 24638, 24587, 24593, 69, 28016, 24581, 24585, 58, 24586, 84, 24605, 24719, 82, 17, 28202, 24692, 26106, 26624, 25906, 16, 24581, 25443, 25188, 29110, 26324, 17, 58, 24586, 84, 24605, 24719, 82, 16, 26269, 18, 24838, 58, 24586, 84, 24605, 24719, 82, 17, 28202, 24692, 26106, 26624 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
46521031
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilberte%20G%C3%A9niat
Gilberte Géniat
Gilberte Géniat (February 17, 1916 – June 28, 1986) was a French film actress. Selected filmography Hélène (1936) The Citadel of Silence (1937) - Catherine Mademoiselle ma mère (1937) - Louise, la bonne L'affaire du courrier de Lyon (1937) - La fille Sauton Le briseur de chaînes (1941) - Estelle Ce n'est pas moi (1941) - Geneviève Quai des Orfèvres (1947) - Mme Beauvoir, la concierge Scandale (1948) Thus Finishes the Night (1949) - Jeannette On ne triche pas avec la vie (1949) - Gaby Here Is the Beauty (1950) - La femme de chambre (uncredited) La caissière (uncredited) Quay of Grenelle (1950) Lost Souvenirs (1950) - Solange, l'épicière (segment "Le violon") Without Leaving an Address (1951) - La cliente de la voyante (uncredited) La passante (1951) - La téléphoniste The Beautiful Image (1951) - Annette, la bonne Matrimonial Agency (1952) - La marchande de billets Act of Love (1953) - Mrs. Ethel Henderson (uncredited) Zoé (1954) Marie Antoinette Queen of France (1956) - Une émeutière (uncredited) Les livreurs (1961) - Germaine La Belle Américaine (1961) - Mme Zoutin L'empire de la nuit (1962) Le glaive et la balance (1963) - Une dame du jury Carom Shots (1963) - Madame Brossard Diary of a Chambermaid (1964) - Rose Les risques du métier (1967) - Madame Monnier La Prisonnière (1968) - La patronne de l'auberge A Very Curious Girl (1969) - Rose The Pleasure Pit (1969) - La bouchère The Lady in the Car with Glasses and a Gun (1970) - Village Storekeeper Distracted (1970) - La speakerine (uncredited) Le drapeau noir flotte sur la marmite (1971) - Mme Volabruque A Time for Loving (1972) - La concierge Such a Gorgeous Kid Like Me (1972) - Isobel Bliss The Day of the Jackal (1973) - Paris Apartment Concierge (uncredited) Défense de savoir (1973) Fear Over the City (1975) Les Ambassadeurs (1976) - La boulangère The Lacemaker (1977) Dernière sortie avant Roissy (1977) - (uncredited) Get Out Your Handkerchiefs (1978) - L'ouvreuse du théâtre Us Two (1979) - Zézette La smala (1984) - La concierge Marche à l'ombre (1984) - La retraitée American Dreamer (1984) - Embassy Guest #2 La femme ivoire (1984) - La femme à l'éther Hôtel du Paradis (1987) - Caretaker (final film role) References Bibliography Chiesi, Roberto. Alain Delon''. Gremese Editore, 2002. External links 1916 births 1986 deaths French film actresses Actresses from Paris 20th-century French women
[ "Gil", "ber", "te", "G", "é", "ni", "at", "(", "February", "17", ",", "1916", "–", "June", "28", ",", "1986", ")", "was", "a", "French", "film", "actress", ".", "Se", "lected", "film", "ography", "H", "é", "l", "è", "ne", "(", "1936", ")", "The", "Cit", "adel", "of", "Sil", "ence", "(", "1937", ")", "-", "C", "ather", "ine", "M", "adem", "ois", "el", "le", "ma", "m", "è", "re", "(", "1937", ")", "-", "Lou", "ise", ",", "la", "bon", "ne", "L", "'", "aff", "a", "ire", "du", "cour", "r", "ier", "de", "Ly", "on", "(", "1937", ")", "-", "La", "f", "ille", "S", "aut", "on", "Le", "br", "ise", "ur", "de", "ch", "a", "î", "nes", "(", "1941", ")", "-", "Est", "el", "le", "C", "e", "n", "'", "est", "p", "as", "mo", "i", "(", "1941", ")", "-", "Gen", "ev", "i", "è", "ve", "Qu", "ai", "des", "Or", "f", "è", "v", "res", "(", "1947", ")", "-", "M", "me", "Be", "au", "vo", "ir", ",", "la", "con", "c", "ier", "ge", "Sc", "and", "ale", "(", "1948", ")", "Th", "us", "Fin", "ish", "es", "the", "Night", "(", "1949", ")", "-", "Je", "ann", "ette", "On", "ne", "tr", "ic", "he", "p", "as", "ave", "c", "la", "v", "ie", "(", "1949", ")", "-", "G", "a", "by", "H", "ere", "Is", "the", "Be", "aut", "y", "(", "1950", ")", "-", "La", "fem", "me", "de", "ch", "am", "bre", "(", "un", "credited", ")", "La", "ca", "iss", "i", "è", "re", "(", "un", "credited", ")", "Qu", "ay", "of", "Gr", "en", "el", "le", "(", "1950", ")", "L", "ost", "S", "ou", "ven", "ir", "s", "(", "1950", ")", "-", "Sol", "ange", ",", "l", "'", "é", "p", "ic", "i", "è", "re", "(", "se", "g", "ment", "\"", "Le", "viol", "on", "\")", "With", "out", "Le", "aving", "an", "Ad", "dress", "(", "1951", ")", "-", "La", "cl", "ient", "e", "de", "la", "v", "oy", "an", "te", "(", "un", "credited", ")", "La", "pass", "an", "te", "(", "1951", ")", "-", "La", "t", "é", "l", "é", "ph", "on", "ist", "e", "The", "Be", "aut", "if", "ul", "Im", "age", "(", "1951", ")", "-", "An", "net", "te", ",", "la", "bon", "ne", "Mat", "r", "im", "on", "ial", "A", "gency", "(", "1952", ")", "-", "La", "m", "arch", "and", "e", "de", "b", "ille", "ts", "Act", "of", "Love", "(", "1953", ")", "-", "Mr", "s", ".", "E", "the", "l", "H", "end", "erson", "(", "un", "credited", ")", "Z", "o", "é", "(", "1954", ")", "Mar", "ie", "An", "to", "inet", "te", "Queen", "of", "France", "(", "1956", ")", "-", "U", "ne", "é", "me", "ut", "i", "è", "re", "(", "un", "credited", ")", "Les", "l", "iv", "re", "ur", "s", "(", "1961", ")", "-", "Ger", "main", "e", "La", "Bel", "le", "Am", "é", "ric", "ain", "e", "(", "1961", ")", "-", "M", "me", "Z", "out", "in", "L", "'", "emp", "ire", "de", "la", "n", "uit", "(", "1962", ")", "Le", "g", "la", "ive", "et", "la", "bal", "ance", "(", "1963", ")", "-", "U", "ne", "d", "ame", "du", "j", "ury", "Car", "om", "Sh", "ots", "(", "1963", ")", "-", "Mad", "ame", "B", "ross", "ard", "Di", "ary", "of", "a", "Ch", "amber", "m", "aid", "(", "1964", ")", "-", "Rose", "Les", "ris", "ques", "du", "m", "é", "t", "ier", "(", "1967", ")", "-", "Mad", "ame", "Mon", "n", "ier", "La", "Pr", "ison", "ni", "è", "re", "(", "1968", ")", "-", "La", "pat", "ron", "ne", "de", "l", "'", "au", "ber", "ge", "A", "V", "ery", "Cur", "ious", "Girl", "(", "1969", ")", "-", "Rose", "The", "P", "le", "as", "ure", "Pit", "(", "1969", ")", "-", "La", "b", "ou", "ch", "è", "re", "The", "Lady", "in", "the", "Car", "with", "Gl", "ass", "es", "and", "a", "Gun", "(", "1970", ")", "-", "Vill", "age", "St", "ore", "kee", "per", "D", "istr", "acted", "(", "1970", ")", "-", "La", "spe", "aker", "ine", "(", "un", "credited", ")", "Le", "dr", "ape", "au", "no", "ir", "fl", "ot", "te", "sur", "la", "m", "arm", "ite", "(", "1971", ")", "-", "M", "me", "Vol", "ab", "ru", "que", "A", "Time", "for", "L", "ov", "ing", "(", "1972", ")", "-", "La", "con", "c", "ier", "ge", "S", "uch", "a", "G", "or", "ge", "ous", "K", "id", "Like", "Me", "(", "1972", ")", "-", "Is", "ob", "el", "Bl", "iss", "The", "Day", "of", "the", "Jack", "al", "(", "1973", ")", "-", "Paris", "A", "partment", "Con", "c", "ier", "ge", "(", "un", "credited", ")", "D", "é", "f", "ense", "de", "s", "avo", "ir", "(", "1973", ")", "F", "ear", "Over", "the", "City", "(", "1975", ")", "Les", "Am", "bass", "ade", "ur", "s", "(", "1976", ")", "-", "La", "b", "oul", "ang", "è", "re", "The", "L", "ac", "em", "aker", "(", "1977", ")", "D", "ern", "i", "è", "re", "sort", "ie", "av", "ant", "Ro", "iss", "y", "(", "1977", ")", "-", "(", "un", "credited", ")", "G", "et", "Out", "Your", "Hand", "ker", "chief", "s", "(", "1978", ")", "-", "L", "'", "ou", "v", "re", "use", "du", "th", "é", "â", "tre", "U", "s", "Two", "(", "1979", ")", "-", "Z", "é", "z", "ette", "La", "sm", "ala", "(", "1984", ")", "-", "La", "con", "c", "ier", "ge", "Mar", "che", "à", "l", "'", "om", "bre", "(", "1984", ")", "-", "La", "re", "tra", "it", "ée", "American", "Dream", "er", "(", "1984", ")", "-", "Em", "bass", "y", "Gu", "est", "#", "2", "La", "fem", "me", "iv", "o", "ire", "(", "1984", ")", "-", "La", "fem", "me", "à", "l", "'", "é", "ther", "H", "ô", "t", "el", "du", "Par", "ad", "is", "(", "1987", ")", "-", "Car", "et", "aker", "(", "final", "film", "role", ")", "References", "Bibliography", "Ch", "ies", "i", ",", "Rober", "to", ".", "Al", "ain", "Del", "on", "'", "'", ".", "G", "rem", "ese", "Ed", "it", "ore", ",", "2002", ".", "External", "links", "1916", "births", "1986", "deaths", "French", "film", "actress", "es", "Act", "r", "ess", "es", "from", "Paris", "20th", "-", "century", "French", "women" ]
[ 29392, 24681, 24680, 43, 200, 28721, 24590, 12, 25500, 24940, 16, 29255, 4992, 25347, 25555, 16, 26801, 13, 24625, 69, 25596, 24932, 27269, 18, 24779, 26342, 24932, 27070, 44, 200, 80, 199, 24687, 12, 28303, 13, 24627, 29789, 28098, 24595, 27137, 24881, 12, 28476, 13, 17, 39, 25376, 24734, 49, 25652, 26848, 24613, 24604, 25853, 81, 199, 24600, 12, 28476, 13, 17, 26149, 25279, 16, 25403, 27291, 24687, 48, 11, 25582, 69, 24792, 24749, 25524, 86, 25092, 24650, 28241, 24584, 12, 28476, 13, 17, 25760, 74, 25757, 55, 26505, 24584, 24843, 24816, 25279, 24615, 24650, 24610, 69, 205, 27785, 12, 27943, 13, 17, 29928, 24613, 24604, 39, 73, 82, 11, 24655, 84, 24594, 28225, 77, 12, 27943, 13, 17, 25516, 24895, 77, 199, 24961, 25953, 25257, 24893, 25156, 74, 199, 90, 24753, 12, 28055, 13, 17, 49, 24885, 25133, 24786, 26116, 24624, 16, 25403, 24652, 71, 25092, 24721, 25076, 24596, 24988, 12, 27854, 13, 24824, 24640, 25975, 24679, 24589, 24585, 28360, 12, 28163, 13, 17, 26216, 24910, 28068, 24964, 24687, 24664, 24597, 24607, 84, 24594, 24820, 71, 25403, 90, 24716, 12, 28163, 13, 17, 43, 69, 24647, 44, 24671, 25134, 24585, 25133, 26505, 93, 12, 27966, 13, 17, 25760, 26061, 24885, 24650, 24610, 24611, 25706, 12, 24631, 28704, 13, 25760, 25656, 24897, 77, 199, 24600, 12, 24631, 28704, 13, 25953, 24632, 24595, 25014, 24587, 24613, 24604, 12, 27966, 13, 48, 24764, 55, 24603, 25232, 24624, 87, 12, 27966, 13, 17, 27342, 27981, 16, 80, 11, 200, 84, 24597, 77, 199, 24600, 12, 24620, 75, 24718, 6, 24843, 26869, 24584, 27687, 26137, 24767, 24843, 25723, 24583, 25266, 27410, 12, 28230, 13, 17, 25760, 24691, 25397, 73, 24650, 25403, 90, 24969, 24583, 24680, 12, 24631, 28704, 13, 25760, 25565, 24583, 24680, 12, 28230, 13, 17, 25760, 88, 200, 80, 200, 24844, 24584, 24641, 73, 24627, 25133, 26505, 24692, 24649, 26541, 24754, 12, 28230, 13, 17, 24800, 26056, 24680, 16, 25403, 27291, 24687, 27118, 86, 24634, 24584, 24727, 37, 28072, 12, 28022, 13, 17, 25760, 81, 25340, 24596, 73, 24650, 70, 25757, 24704, 25928, 24595, 27236, 12, 28158, 13, 17, 27082, 87, 18, 41, 24585, 80, 44, 24725, 25170, 12, 24631, 28704, 13, 62, 83, 200, 12, 28134, 13, 24829, 24716, 24800, 24601, 27900, 24680, 27762, 24595, 26024, 12, 27850, 13, 17, 57, 24687, 200, 24885, 24660, 77, 199, 24600, 12, 24631, 28704, 13, 28196, 80, 24622, 24600, 24615, 87, 12, 27802, 13, 17, 25164, 25039, 73, 25760, 25952, 24604, 25417, 200, 25429, 24667, 73, 12, 27802, 13, 17, 49, 24885, 62, 24767, 24581, 48, 11, 26251, 24792, 24650, 25403, 82, 29356, 12, 27693, 13, 24843, 75, 25403, 24723, 24645, 25403, 27834, 24985, 12, 27703, 13, 17, 57, 24687, 72, 24741, 24749, 78, 24960, 25198, 24605, 24950, 26392, 12, 27703, 13, 17, 26431, 24741, 38, 25489, 24695, 27014, 24713, 24595, 69, 24698, 28800, 81, 25282, 12, 27413, 13, 17, 29718, 28196, 26739, 28444, 24749, 81, 200, 88, 25092, 12, 27377, 13, 17, 26431, 24741, 25732, 82, 25092, 25760, 24891, 25670, 28721, 199, 24600, 12, 27178, 13, 17, 25760, 25553, 25617, 24687, 24650, 80, 11, 24786, 24681, 24721, 37, 58, 25527, 26880, 25044, 28299, 12, 27308, 13, 17, 29718, 24627, 52, 24604, 24594, 24794, 29263, 12, 27308, 13, 17, 25760, 70, 24603, 24610, 199, 24600, 24627, 28858, 24581, 24585, 25198, 24651, 25899, 24732, 24589, 24596, 69, 29986, 12, 27166, 13, 17, 26988, 24754, 24709, 24806, 29087, 24726, 40, 24901, 27921, 12, 27166, 13, 17, 25760, 24947, 26704, 24734, 12, 24631, 28704, 13, 24843, 24815, 26784, 24786, 25159, 24624, 24949, 24643, 24680, 25281, 25403, 81, 25425, 24850, 12, 27262, 13, 17, 49, 24885, 26462, 24662, 26325, 25657, 37, 27999, 24618, 48, 24658, 24599, 12, 27071, 13, 17, 25760, 24652, 71, 25092, 24721, 55, 25455, 69, 43, 24586, 24721, 24797, 47, 24630, 29572, 25443, 12, 27071, 13, 17, 25134, 24870, 24613, 25241, 24897, 24627, 26871, 24595, 24585, 27582, 24591, 12, 27227, 13, 17, 26833, 37, 25974, 24924, 71, 25092, 24721, 12, 24631, 28704, 13, 40, 200, 74, 26607, 24650, 87, 28387, 24624, 12, 27227, 13, 42, 24717, 27039, 24585, 25440, 12, 27160, 13, 28196, 25417, 27165, 24899, 24615, 87, 12, 27109, 13, 17, 25760, 70, 26786, 24822, 199, 24600, 24627, 48, 24616, 24635, 26704, 12, 27170, 13, 40, 25369, 77, 199, 24600, 28550, 24716, 24668, 24738, 25125, 24897, 93, 12, 27170, 13, 17, 12, 24631, 28704, 13, 43, 24645, 27159, 29956, 29601, 27223, 27430, 87, 12, 27134, 13, 17, 48, 11, 24603, 90, 24600, 25043, 24749, 24580, 200, 193, 26904, 57, 87, 27068, 12, 27020, 13, 17, 62, 200, 94, 28068, 25760, 25419, 27084, 12, 26812, 13, 17, 25760, 24652, 71, 25092, 24721, 24829, 25697, 191, 80, 11, 24605, 25706, 12, 26812, 13, 17, 25760, 24600, 26467, 24598, 28966, 24868, 29997, 24582, 12, 26812, 13, 17, 25971, 27165, 93, 25409, 24655, 7, 22, 25760, 26061, 24885, 24622, 83, 24792, 12, 26812, 13, 17, 25760, 26061, 24885, 191, 80, 11, 200, 24703, 44, 211, 88, 24613, 24749, 25251, 24614, 24593, 12, 26753, 13, 17, 25198, 24645, 26704, 12, 25738, 24932, 26078, 13, 24838, 29100, 24698, 24675, 77, 16, 29569, 24601, 18, 24788, 24667, 26697, 24584, 11, 11, 18, 43, 25930, 25059, 25420, 24598, 24806, 16, 25908, 18, 25065, 25051, 29255, 25393, 26801, 25989, 25596, 24932, 27269, 24589, 25928, 86, 24676, 24589, 24672, 26833, 26025, 17, 25087, 25596, 25522 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
58071400
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marlin%20%28firmware%29
Marlin (firmware)
Marlin is open source firmware originally designed for RepRap project FDM (fused deposition modeling) 3D printers using the Arduino platform. Once the firmware has been compiled from C++ source code; it is installed and runs on a mainboard with onboard components and general-purpose I/O pins to control and communicate with other components. For control the firmware receives input from a USB port or attached media in the form of G-code commands instructing the machine what to do. For example, the command G1 X10 tells the machine to perform a smooth linear move of the X axis to position 10. The main loop manages all of the machine's real-time activities like commanding the stepper motors through stepper drivers, controlling heaters, sensors, and lights, managing the display and user interface, etc. Marlin supports many different types of 3D printing robot platforms, including basic Cartesian, Core XY, Delta, and SCARA printers, as well as some other less conventional designs like Hangprinter and Beltprinter. In addition to 3D printers, Marlin is generally adaptable to any machine requiring control and interaction. It has been used to drive SLA and SLS 3D printers, custom CNC mills, laser engravers (or laser beam machining), laser cutters, vinyl cutters, pick-and-place machines, foam cutters, and egg painting robots. History Marlin was first created in 2011 for the RepRap and Ultimaker printers by combining elements from the open source Grbl and Sprinter projects. Development continued at a slow pace while gaining in popularity and acceptance as a superior alternative to the other available firmware. By 2015, companies were beginning to introduce commercial 3D printers with Marlin pre-installed and contributing their improvements to the project. Early machines included the Ultimaker 1, the TAZ series by Aleph Objects and the Prusa i3 by Prusa Research. By 2018 manufacturers had begun to favor boards with more powerful and efficient ARM processors, often at a lower cost than the AVR boards they supplant. After extensive refactoring Marlin 2.0 was officially released in late 2019 with full support for 32-bit ARM-based controller boards through a lightweight extensible hardware access layer. While Marlin 1.x had only supported 8-bit AVR (e.g., ATMega) and ATSAM3X8E (Due) platforms, the HAL added ATSAMD51 (Grand Central), Espressif ESP32, NXP LPC176x, and STMicro STM32. Marlin also acquired HAL code to run natively on Linux, Mac, and Windows, but only within a simulation for debugging purposes. As of October 2022, Marlin is still under active development and continues to be very popular, claiming to be "the most widely used 3D printing firmware in the world." Some of the most successful companies using Marlin today are Ultimaker, LulzBot, Prusa Research, and Creality. Marlin firmware is not alone in the field of open source 3D printer firmware. Other popular open source firmware offerings include RepRap Firmware by Duet3D, Buddy Firmware by Prusa Research, and Klipper by the Klipper Foundation. These alternatives take advantage of extra processing power to offer advanced features like input shaping, which has only recently been added to Marlin. Development Marlin firmware is hosted on GitHub, where it is developed and maintained by a community of contributors. Marlin's lead developer is Scott Lahteine (aka Thinkyhead), an independent shareware and former Amiga game developer who joined the project in 2014. His work is entirely supported by crowdfunding. Marlin is written in optimized C++ for the Arduino API in a mostly embedded-C++ style, which avoids the use of dynamic memory allocation. The firmware can be built with Arduino IDE, PlatformIO, or Auto Build Marlin extension for visual studio code. The latter method is recommended because it is very easy but it only being an VSC extension requires VSC to be installed on the building system first. License Marlin is distributed under the GPL license which requires that organizations and individuals share their source code if they distribute the firmware in binary form, including firmware that comes pre-installed on the mainboard. Vendors have occasionally failed to comply with the license, leading to some distributors dropping their products. In 2018 the US distributor Printed Solid ended its relationship with Creality due to GPL violations and quality issues. As of 2022, some vendors are still spotty in their compliance, deflecting customer requests for the source code for an extended period or in perpetuity after a product release. Usage and license compliance Marlin firmware is used by several 3D printer manufacturers, most of which are fully compliant with the license. Compliance is tracked by Tim Hoogland of TH3D Studio, et. al.. The following table may be out of date by the time you read this. See also RepRap Project G-code RAMPS 3D printing Applications of 3D printing List of 3D printer manufacturers Comparison of 3D printers 3D printing processes 3D Manufacturing Format 3D printing speed Fused filament fabrication Construction 3D printing References External links Marlin official website Marlin GitHub repository Marlin Patreon page How it's Made: The Marlin Firmware!, an interview with Scott Laheine, YouTube 3D printing Firmware
[ "Mar", "lin", "is", "open", "source", "firm", "w", "are", "originally", "designed", "for", "Re", "p", "R", "ap", "project", "F", "D", "M", "(", "f", "used", "de", "position", "model", "ing", ")", "3", "D", "prin", "ters", "using", "the", "Ar", "du", "ino", "platform", ".", "On", "ce", "the", "firm", "w", "are", "has", "been", "comp", "iled", "from", "C", "+", "+", "source", "code", ";", "it", "is", "install", "ed", "and", "runs", "on", "a", "main", "board", "with", "on", "board", "comp", "onents", "and", "general", "-", "purpose", "I", "/", "O", "p", "ins", "to", "control", "and", "communic", "ate", "with", "other", "comp", "onents", ".", "For", "control", "the", "firm", "w", "are", "rece", "ives", "in", "put", "from", "a", "US", "B", "port", "or", "att", "ached", "media", "in", "the", "form", "of", "G", "-", "code", "command", "s", "in", "struct", "ing", "the", "mach", "ine", "what", "to", "do", ".", "For", "example", ",", "the", "command", "G", "1", "X", "10", "tell", "s", "the", "mach", "ine", "to", "perform", "a", "sm", "o", "oth", "lin", "ear", "move", "of", "the", "X", "ax", "is", "to", "position", "10", ".", "The", "main", "lo", "op", "man", "ages", "all", "of", "the", "mach", "ine", "'", "s", "real", "-", "time", "activities", "like", "command", "ing", "the", "step", "per", "mot", "ors", "through", "step", "per", "dr", "ivers", ",", "controll", "ing", "he", "aters", ",", "sens", "ors", ",", "and", "l", "ights", ",", "manag", "ing", "the", "dis", "play", "and", "us", "er", "inter", "face", ",", "et", "c", ".", "Mar", "lin", "sup", "ports", "many", "different", "types", "of", "3", "D", "print", "ing", "ro", "bot", "plat", "forms", ",", "including", "bas", "ic", "C", "art", "es", "ian", ",", "C", "ore", "X", "Y", ",", "Del", "ta", ",", "and", "S", "CA", "RA", "prin", "ters", ",", "as", "well", "as", "some", "other", "less", "con", "vent", "ional", "design", "s", "like", "H", "ang", "pr", "inter", "and", "Bel", "t", "pr", "inter", ".", "In", "addition", "to", "3", "D", "prin", "ters", ",", "Mar", "lin", "is", "generally", "adapt", "able", "to", "any", "mach", "ine", "requ", "iring", "control", "and", "inter", "action", ".", "It", "has", "been", "used", "to", "dr", "ive", "S", "LA", "and", "S", "L", "S", "3", "D", "prin", "ters", ",", "custom", "C", "N", "C", "mill", "s", ",", "l", "as", "er", "en", "gr", "av", "ers", "(", "or", "l", "as", "er", "be", "am", "mach", "in", "ing", "),", "l", "as", "er", "cut", "ters", ",", "vin", "yl", "cut", "ters", ",", "pick", "-", "and", "-", "place", "mach", "ines", ",", "f", "o", "am", "cut", "ters", ",", "and", "e", "gg", "painting", "ro", "b", "ots", ".", "History", "Mar", "lin", "was", "first", "created", "in", "2011", "for", "the", "Re", "p", "R", "ap", "and", "Ul", "tim", "aker", "prin", "ters", "by", "comb", "in", "ing", "elements", "from", "the", "open", "source", "Gr", "bl", "and", "S", "pr", "inter", "projects", ".", "Development", "continued", "at", "a", "slow", "p", "ace", "while", "g", "aining", "in", "popular", "ity", "and", "accept", "ance", "as", "a", "super", "ior", "altern", "ative", "to", "the", "other", "available", "firm", "w", "are", ".", "By", "2015", ",", "companies", "were", "beginning", "to", "introdu", "ce", "commercial", "3", "D", "prin", "ters", "with", "Mar", "lin", "pre", "-", "install", "ed", "and", "contribut", "ing", "their", "improv", "ements", "to", "the", "project", ".", "Early", "mach", "ines", "included", "the", "Ul", "tim", "aker", "1", ",", "the", "TA", "Z", "series", "by", "Ale", "ph", "Ob", "ject", "s", "and", "the", "Pr", "us", "a", "i", "3", "by", "Pr", "us", "a", "Research", ".", "By", "2018", "manufact", "ur", "ers", "had", "beg", "un", "to", "favor", "bo", "ards", "with", "more", "power", "ful", "and", "e", "fficient", "AR", "M", "process", "ors", ",", "often", "at", "a", "lower", "cost", "than", "the", "A", "V", "R", "bo", "ards", "they", "sup", "plant", ".", "After", "ext", "ensive", "re", "fact", "or", "ing", "Mar", "lin", "2", ".", "0", "was", "officially", "released", "in", "late", "2019", "with", "full", "support", "for", "32", "-", "bit", "AR", "M", "-", "based", "controll", "er", "bo", "ards", "through", "a", "l", "igh", "tw", "eight", "ext", "ens", "ible", "hard", "w", "are", "access", "lay", "er", ".", "While", "Mar", "lin", "1", ".", "x", "had", "only", "supported", "8", "-", "bit", "A", "V", "R", "(", "e", ".", "g", ".,", "AT", "Me", "ga", ")", "and", "AT", "SA", "M", "3", "X", "8", "E", "(", "D", "ue", ")", "plat", "forms", ",", "the", "H", "A", "L", "added", "AT", "SA", "M", "D", "51", "(", "Grand", "Central", "),", "Es", "press", "if", "E", "SP", "32", ",", "N", "X", "P", "L", "PC", "17", "6", "x", ",", "and", "ST", "Mic", "ro", "ST", "M", "32", ".", "Mar", "lin", "also", "acquired", "H", "A", "L", "code", "to", "run", "nat", "ively", "on", "Lin", "ux", ",", "Mac", ",", "and", "Wind", "ows", ",", "but", "only", "within", "a", "sim", "ulation", "for", "deb", "ug", "ging", "pur", "pos", "es", ".", "As", "of", "October", "2022", ",", "Mar", "lin", "is", "still", "under", "active", "development", "and", "continu", "es", "to", "be", "very", "popular", ",", "claim", "ing", "to", "be", "\"", "the", "most", "widely", "used", "3", "D", "print", "ing", "firm", "w", "are", "in", "the", "world", ".\"", "Some", "of", "the", "most", "successful", "companies", "using", "Mar", "lin", "today", "are", "Ul", "tim", "aker", ",", "L", "ul", "z", "B", "ot", ",", "Pr", "us", "a", "Research", ",", "and", "Cre", "ality", ".", "Mar", "lin", "firm", "w", "are", "is", "not", "alone", "in", "the", "field", "of", "open", "source", "3", "D", "pr", "inter", "firm", "w", "are", ".", "Other", "popular", "open", "source", "firm", "w", "are", "offer", "ings", "include", "Re", "p", "R", "ap", "Fir", "m", "w", "are", "by", "Du", "et", "3", "D", ",", "Bud", "dy", "Fir", "m", "w", "are", "by", "Pr", "us", "a", "Research", ",", "and", "K", "l", "ip", "per", "by", "the", "K", "l", "ip", "per", "Foundation", ".", "These", "altern", "atives", "take", "adv", "ant", "age", "of", "ex", "tra", "process", "ing", "power", "to", "offer", "ad", "vanced", "features", "like", "in", "put", "shap", "ing", ",", "which", "has", "only", "recently", "been", "added", "to", "Mar", "lin", ".", "Development", "Mar", "lin", "firm", "w", "are", "is", "hosted", "on", "G", "it", "H", "ub", ",", "where", "it", "is", "developed", "and", "main", "tained", "by", "a", "community", "of", "contribut", "ors", ".", "Mar", "lin", "'", "s", "lead", "de", "vel", "oper", "is", "Scott", "L", "ah", "te", "ine", "(", "aka", "Th", "ink", "y", "head", "),", "an", "independent", "share", "w", "are", "and", "former", "Am", "iga", "game", "de", "vel", "oper", "who", "joined", "the", "project", "in", "2014", ".", "His", "work", "is", "entire", "ly", "supported", "by", "c", "row", "d", "fund", "ing", ".", "Mar", "lin", "is", "written", "in", "op", "tim", "ized", "C", "+", "+", "for", "the", "Ar", "du", "ino", "AP", "I", "in", "a", "mostly", "emb", "ed", "ded", "-", "C", "+", "+", "style", ",", "which", "avo", "ids", "the", "use", "of", "dy", "nam", "ic", "mem", "ory", "all", "oc", "ation", ".", "The", "firm", "w", "are", "can", "be", "built", "with", "Ar", "du", "ino", "ID", "E", ",", "Pl", "at", "form", "I", "O", ",", "or", "Au", "to", "Build", "Mar", "lin", "ext", "ension", "for", "vis", "ual", "studio", "code", ".", "The", "latter", "method", "is", "recomm", "ended", "because", "it", "is", "very", "e", "asy", "but", "it", "only", "being", "an", "V", "SC", "ext", "ension", "requ", "ires", "V", "SC", "to", "be", "install", "ed", "on", "the", "building", "system", "first", ".", "L", "ic", "ense", "Mar", "lin", "is", "distr", "ibuted", "under", "the", "G", "P", "L", "lic", "ense", "which", "requ", "ires", "that", "organizations", "and", "individuals", "share", "their", "source", "code", "if", "they", "distr", "ib", "ute", "the", "firm", "w", "are", "in", "b", "inary", "form", ",", "including", "firm", "w", "are", "that", "comes", "pre", "-", "install", "ed", "on", "the", "main", "board", ".", "V", "end", "ors", "have", "occas", "ion", "ally", "failed", "to", "comp", "ly", "with", "the", "lic", "ense", ",", "leading", "to", "some", "distr", "ibut", "ors", "drop", "ping", "their", "products", ".", "In", "2018", "the", "US", "distr", "ibut", "or", "Prin", "ted", "Sol", "id", "ended", "its", "relationship", "with", "Cre", "ality", "due", "to", "G", "P", "L", "viol", "ations", "and", "quality", "issues", ".", "As", "of", "2022", ",", "some", "v", "end", "ors", "are", "still", "spot", "ty", "in", "their", "compl", "iance", ",", "def", "lect", "ing", "cus", "to", "mer", "requ", "ests", "for", "the", "source", "code", "for", "an", "extended", "period", "or", "in", "per", "pet", "u", "ity", "after", "a", "product", "release", ".", "U", "s", "age", "and", "lic", "ense", "compl", "iance", "Mar", "lin", "firm", "w", "are", "is", "used", "by", "several", "3", "D", "pr", "inter", "manufact", "ur", "ers", ",", "most", "of", "which", "are", "fully", "compl", "iant", "with", "the", "lic", "ense", ".", "Com", "pl", "iance", "is", "track", "ed", "by", "Tim", "Ho", "og", "land", "of", "T", "H", "3", "D", "Stud", "io", ",", "et", ".", "al", "..", "The", "following", "table", "may", "be", "out", "of", "date", "by", "the", "time", "you", "read", "this", ".", "See", "also", "Re", "p", "R", "ap", "Project", "G", "-", "code", "RA", "MP", "S", "3", "D", "print", "ing", "Ap", "plic", "ations", "of", "3", "D", "print", "ing", "List", "of", "3", "D", "pr", "inter", "manufact", "ur", "ers", "Com", "par", "ison", "of", "3", "D", "prin", "ters", "3", "D", "print", "ing", "process", "es", "3", "D", "Man", "ufact", "uring", "For", "mat", "3", "D", "print", "ing", "speed", "F", "used", "f", "il", "ament", "f", "ab", "ric", "ation", "Con", "struction", "3", "D", "print", "ing", "References", "External", "links", "Mar", "lin", "official", "website", "Mar", "lin", "G", "it", "H", "ub", "re", "pos", "it", "ory", "Mar", "lin", "Pat", "re", "on", "page", "How", "it", "'", "s", "M", "ade", ":", "The", "Mar", "lin", "Fir", "m", "w", "are", "!", ",", "an", "interview", "with", "Scott", "La", "he", "ine", ",", "You", "T", "ube", "3", "D", "print", "ing", "Fir", "m", "w", "are" ]
[ 24829, 24823, 24593, 25383, 28504, 28129, 91, 24686, 26985, 27018, 24618, 24693, 84, 54, 24654, 26144, 42, 40, 49, 12, 74, 25030, 24650, 25654, 27049, 24599, 13, 23, 40, 28346, 24998, 25916, 24585, 24780, 24749, 26093, 29476, 18, 24964, 24648, 24585, 28129, 91, 24686, 24808, 24948, 24770, 28187, 24672, 39, 15, 15, 28504, 29155, 31, 24598, 24593, 28318, 24588, 24596, 27690, 24584, 69, 25039, 26107, 24651, 24584, 26107, 24770, 29433, 24596, 26139, 17, 29619, 45, 19, 51, 84, 25080, 24601, 26539, 24596, 28113, 24688, 24651, 24858, 24770, 29433, 18, 25056, 26539, 24585, 28129, 91, 24686, 25325, 25330, 24581, 25837, 24672, 69, 25473, 38, 24873, 24586, 24866, 29792, 27063, 24581, 24585, 24839, 24595, 43, 17, 29155, 27061, 87, 24581, 27132, 24599, 24585, 28078, 24734, 26111, 24601, 25161, 18, 25056, 26919, 16, 24585, 27061, 43, 21, 60, 24975, 27668, 87, 24585, 28078, 24734, 24601, 27662, 69, 25419, 83, 25584, 24823, 24717, 27570, 24595, 24585, 60, 25240, 24593, 24601, 25654, 24975, 18, 24627, 25039, 25169, 24644, 24710, 25434, 24663, 24595, 24585, 28078, 24734, 11, 87, 26169, 17, 24978, 28076, 25692, 27061, 24599, 24585, 28111, 24726, 26666, 24903, 25172, 28111, 24726, 24815, 24877, 16, 29076, 24599, 24607, 28185, 16, 29378, 24903, 16, 24596, 80, 25708, 16, 25753, 24599, 24585, 24913, 24755, 24596, 24640, 24582, 25033, 26489, 16, 24645, 71, 18, 24829, 24823, 25263, 25424, 25160, 26035, 28991, 24595, 23, 40, 28209, 24599, 24619, 27348, 27712, 26769, 16, 25260, 26253, 24597, 39, 24673, 24589, 24669, 16, 39, 24806, 60, 61, 16, 26697, 26191, 16, 24596, 55, 26125, 27027, 28346, 24998, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 25191, 24858, 25765, 24652, 25519, 25183, 25405, 87, 25692, 44, 24822, 24666, 25033, 24596, 25952, 88, 24666, 25033, 18, 24657, 26012, 24601, 23, 40, 28346, 24998, 16, 24829, 24823, 24593, 28005, 29952, 24914, 24601, 24956, 28078, 24734, 25609, 29673, 26539, 24596, 25033, 26146, 18, 24805, 24808, 24948, 25030, 24601, 24815, 24723, 55, 28427, 24596, 55, 48, 55, 23, 40, 28346, 24998, 16, 29483, 39, 50, 39, 25702, 87, 16, 80, 24594, 24582, 24587, 24699, 24668, 24629, 12, 24586, 80, 24594, 24582, 24636, 24611, 28078, 24581, 24599, 24758, 80, 24594, 24582, 25599, 24998, 16, 27671, 26277, 25599, 24998, 16, 28945, 17, 24596, 17, 25468, 28078, 25675, 16, 74, 83, 24611, 25599, 24998, 16, 24596, 73, 26386, 29639, 24619, 70, 26392, 18, 25592, 24829, 24823, 24625, 24818, 26199, 24581, 25476, 24618, 24585, 24693, 84, 54, 24654, 24596, 28130, 26951, 26704, 28346, 24998, 24647, 26421, 24581, 24599, 28907, 24672, 24585, 25383, 28504, 25014, 25237, 24596, 55, 24666, 25033, 29018, 18, 28084, 26359, 24590, 69, 29890, 84, 24852, 25293, 75, 28403, 24581, 26383, 24683, 24596, 29774, 24985, 24594, 69, 26811, 25233, 28246, 25077, 24601, 24585, 24858, 26926, 28129, 91, 24686, 18, 25920, 25611, 16, 26818, 24747, 27790, 24601, 26335, 24648, 28035, 23, 40, 28346, 24998, 24651, 24829, 24823, 24970, 17, 28318, 24588, 24596, 27391, 24599, 24862, 29462, 26767, 24601, 24585, 26144, 18, 26580, 28078, 25675, 25922, 24585, 28130, 26951, 26704, 21, 16, 24585, 29475, 62, 25268, 24647, 26120, 24844, 28418, 25304, 87, 24596, 24585, 24891, 24640, 69, 77, 23, 24647, 24891, 24640, 69, 27374, 18, 25920, 25625, 27696, 24615, 24629, 24798, 26426, 24631, 24601, 29153, 24807, 25598, 24651, 25060, 25844, 25180, 24596, 73, 29396, 27214, 49, 26256, 24903, 16, 26133, 24590, 69, 27615, 26913, 25208, 24585, 37, 58, 54, 24807, 25598, 25002, 25263, 27148, 18, 25302, 25588, 26574, 24600, 25691, 24586, 24599, 24829, 24823, 22, 18, 20, 24625, 28842, 25385, 24581, 26075, 25655, 24651, 26453, 25983, 24618, 27056, 17, 27529, 27214, 49, 17, 25413, 29076, 24582, 24807, 25598, 25172, 69, 80, 24697, 24759, 26875, 25588, 24845, 25569, 26937, 91, 24686, 26978, 27773, 24582, 18, 26751, 24829, 24823, 21, 18, 92, 24798, 25089, 28205, 28, 17, 27529, 37, 58, 54, 12, 73, 18, 75, 25964, 28105, 25443, 26862, 13, 24596, 28105, 26863, 49, 23, 60, 28, 41, 12, 40, 24802, 13, 27712, 26769, 16, 24585, 44, 37, 48, 27220, 28105, 26863, 49, 40, 28775, 12, 26458, 26484, 24758, 27473, 25415, 24692, 41, 28308, 27056, 16, 50, 60, 52, 48, 29274, 24940, 26, 92, 16, 24596, 28314, 27328, 24619, 28314, 49, 27056, 18, 24829, 24823, 24762, 28369, 44, 37, 48, 29155, 24601, 25399, 26686, 26029, 24584, 27537, 28402, 16, 26365, 16, 24596, 28133, 26829, 16, 24835, 25089, 25880, 69, 25672, 25435, 24618, 28435, 24880, 27669, 26017, 24936, 24589, 18, 24906, 24595, 25336, 25862, 16, 24829, 24823, 24593, 26043, 25016, 26764, 26266, 24596, 25777, 24589, 24601, 24636, 25878, 26383, 16, 26019, 24599, 24601, 24636, 6, 24585, 25066, 29704, 25030, 23, 40, 28209, 24599, 28129, 91, 24686, 24581, 24585, 25750, 25215, 26726, 24595, 24585, 25066, 26598, 26818, 25916, 24829, 24823, 28471, 24686, 28130, 26951, 26704, 16, 48, 24649, 94, 38, 24643, 16, 24891, 24640, 69, 27374, 16, 24596, 29404, 25637, 18, 24829, 24823, 28129, 91, 24686, 24593, 24809, 29625, 24581, 24585, 25401, 24595, 25383, 28504, 23, 40, 24666, 25033, 28129, 91, 24686, 18, 26594, 26383, 25383, 28504, 28129, 91, 24686, 26735, 24939, 25915, 24693, 84, 54, 24654, 26088, 81, 91, 24686, 24647, 26758, 24645, 23, 40, 16, 27561, 27312, 26088, 81, 91, 24686, 24647, 24891, 24640, 69, 27374, 16, 24596, 47, 80, 24696, 24726, 24647, 24585, 47, 80, 24696, 24726, 28263, 18, 26370, 28246, 26834, 26294, 27617, 24738, 24754, 24595, 24707, 26467, 26256, 24599, 25844, 24601, 26735, 24614, 29059, 27054, 25692, 24581, 25837, 29782, 24599, 16, 24763, 24808, 25089, 29840, 24948, 27220, 24601, 24829, 24823, 18, 28084, 24829, 24823, 28129, 91, 24686, 24593, 29075, 24584, 43, 24598, 44, 24733, 16, 25072, 24598, 24593, 26656, 24596, 25039, 27067, 24647, 69, 26248, 24595, 27391, 24903, 18, 24829, 24823, 11, 87, 25246, 24650, 24979, 25211, 24593, 26402, 48, 24966, 24680, 24734, 12, 27591, 24824, 26224, 93, 25342, 24758, 24583, 27756, 29107, 91, 24686, 24596, 25346, 25417, 27601, 25436, 24650, 24979, 25211, 24831, 26203, 24585, 26144, 24581, 25590, 18, 25496, 24918, 24593, 27239, 24633, 28205, 24647, 71, 25032, 72, 26807, 24599, 18, 24829, 24823, 24593, 26084, 24581, 24644, 26951, 25380, 39, 15, 15, 24618, 24585, 24780, 24749, 26093, 29791, 45, 24581, 69, 28233, 25184, 24588, 27481, 17, 39, 15, 15, 25698, 16, 24763, 28387, 27046, 24585, 25043, 24595, 27312, 25225, 24597, 28413, 24817, 24663, 24670, 24626, 18, 24627, 28129, 91, 24686, 24995, 24636, 25679, 24651, 24780, 24749, 26093, 27346, 41, 16, 25123, 24590, 24839, 45, 51, 16, 24586, 25085, 24601, 27681, 24829, 24823, 25588, 27596, 24618, 25423, 25132, 27500, 29155, 18, 24627, 28552, 27579, 24593, 29839, 25396, 25936, 24598, 24593, 25878, 73, 28006, 24835, 24598, 25089, 25270, 24583, 58, 28824, 25588, 27596, 25609, 28849, 58, 28824, 24601, 24636, 28318, 24588, 24584, 24585, 25847, 25490, 24818, 18, 48, 24597, 26607, 24829, 24823, 24593, 26394, 29147, 25016, 24585, 43, 52, 48, 25020, 26607, 24763, 25609, 28849, 24682, 28515, 24596, 28604, 29107, 24862, 28504, 29155, 24692, 25002, 26394, 24751, 25412, 24585, 28129, 91, 24686, 24581, 70, 27761, 24839, 16, 25260, 28129, 91, 24686, 24682, 27130, 24970, 17, 28318, 24588, 24584, 24585, 25039, 26107, 18, 58, 24725, 24903, 24920, 28305, 24602, 24904, 28470, 24601, 24770, 24633, 24651, 24585, 25020, 26607, 16, 27000, 24601, 25191, 26394, 26046, 24903, 27888, 29085, 24862, 28891, 18, 24657, 25625, 24585, 25473, 26394, 26046, 24586, 29988, 24826, 27342, 24630, 25396, 24783, 28286, 24651, 29404, 25637, 25769, 24601, 43, 52, 48, 26869, 24833, 24596, 28715, 27697, 18, 24906, 24595, 25862, 16, 25191, 90, 24725, 24903, 24686, 26043, 29766, 24819, 24581, 24862, 28479, 28110, 16, 25808, 25754, 24599, 26722, 24601, 24719, 25609, 26495, 24618, 24585, 28504, 29155, 24618, 24583, 28747, 26000, 24586, 24581, 24726, 27418, 89, 24683, 24942, 69, 29248, 26627, 18, 57, 87, 24754, 24596, 25020, 26607, 28479, 28110, 24829, 24823, 28129, 91, 24686, 24593, 25030, 24647, 25548, 23, 40, 24666, 25033, 27696, 24615, 24629, 16, 25066, 24595, 24763, 24686, 28416, 28479, 29310, 24651, 24585, 25020, 26607, 18, 24875, 24659, 28110, 24593, 26059, 24588, 24647, 27672, 27973, 24776, 24775, 24595, 56, 44, 23, 40, 26247, 24860, 16, 24645, 18, 24591, 25535, 24627, 25528, 28356, 25345, 24636, 24767, 24595, 27478, 24647, 24585, 24978, 27065, 25483, 24927, 18, 25404, 24762, 24693, 84, 54, 24654, 28924, 43, 17, 29155, 27027, 27168, 55, 23, 40, 28209, 24599, 26222, 26506, 24833, 24595, 23, 40, 28209, 24599, 25831, 24595, 23, 40, 24666, 25033, 27696, 24615, 24629, 24875, 25041, 25670, 24595, 23, 40, 28346, 24998, 23, 40, 28209, 24599, 26256, 24589, 23, 40, 25310, 27311, 24905, 25056, 27440, 23, 40, 28209, 24599, 28193, 42, 25030, 74, 24608, 25556, 74, 24662, 25429, 24626, 24924, 29513, 23, 40, 28209, 24599, 24838, 25065, 25051, 24829, 24823, 26550, 26658, 24829, 24823, 43, 24598, 44, 24733, 24600, 24936, 24598, 24817, 24829, 24823, 26292, 24600, 24584, 27861, 27390, 24598, 11, 87, 49, 24899, 30, 24627, 24829, 24823, 26088, 81, 91, 24686, 5, 16, 24583, 27971, 24651, 26402, 25760, 24607, 24734, 16, 26459, 56, 28419, 23, 40, 28209, 24599, 26088, 81, 91, 24686 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
40158014
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%20World%20Championships%20in%20Athletics%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%204%20%C3%97%20400%20metres%20relay
2013 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay
The men's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics was held at the Luzhniki Stadium on 15–16 August. The United States dominated, taking the lead from the start and never looking back, but not with the overwhelming show of force of some past championships. David Verburg passed first to silver medalist Tony McQuay who broke first and stayed out of traffic. Behind them, the race was quite competitive, with Russia's Maksim Dyldin closing the first lap in a rush then Lev Mosin running a strong curve to close off the break. Great Britain's Martyn Rooney had to go wide around the turn to pass the Russians, only to be passed himself by Belgium's Kevin Borlée. After Jonathan had led off, he passed to a third Borlée, Dylan. The team of brothers pulled to within two meters of the leading Americans with 500 meters to go, but then the gap widened to five meters. With gold medalist LaShawn Merritt pulling away, Russia's Vladimir Krasnov quickly passed Belgium's Will Oyowe at the handoff. Down the backstretch Jamaica's Javon Francis passed Great Britain, Belgium and Russia to move into second. Krasnov came back but Francis held him off at the line to take silver. Records Prior to the competition, the records were as follows: Qualification standards Schedule Results Heats Qualification: First 2 of each heat (Q) plus the 2 fastest times (q) advanced to the final. Final The final was started at 21:30. References External links 4x 400 metres relay results at IAAF website 4 x 400 metres relay Relays at the World Athletics Championships
[ "The", "men", "'", "s", "4", "×", "400", "met", "res", "rel", "ay", "at", "the", "2013", "World", "Championships", "in", "Athlet", "ics", "was", "held", "at", "the", "Lu", "z", "hn", "ik", "i", "Stadium", "on", "15", "–", "16", "August", ".", "The", "United", "States", "domin", "ated", ",", "taking", "the", "lead", "from", "the", "start", "and", "never", "look", "ing", "back", ",", "but", "not", "with", "the", "over", "w", "hel", "ming", "show", "of", "force", "of", "some", "past", "championship", "s", ".", "David", "Ver", "burg", "passed", "first", "to", "silver", "medal", "ist", "Tony", "Mc", "Qu", "ay", "who", "bro", "ke", "first", "and", "st", "ayed", "out", "of", "traff", "ic", ".", "Be", "h", "ind", "them", ",", "the", "race", "was", "qu", "ite", "compet", "itive", ",", "with", "Russia", "'", "s", "M", "ak", "sim", "D", "y", "ld", "in", "clos", "ing", "the", "first", "l", "ap", "in", "a", "r", "ush", "then", "Le", "v", "Mos", "in", "running", "a", "strong", "cur", "ve", "to", "close", "off", "the", "break", ".", "Great", "Britain", "'", "s", "Mart", "yn", "Ro", "oney", "had", "to", "go", "wide", "around", "the", "turn", "to", "pass", "the", "Russ", "ians", ",", "only", "to", "be", "passed", "himself", "by", "Belg", "ium", "'", "s", "K", "ev", "in", "Bor", "l", "ée", ".", "After", "Jon", "athan", "had", "led", "off", ",", "he", "passed", "to", "a", "third", "Bor", "l", "ée", ",", "D", "yl", "an", ".", "The", "team", "of", "bro", "thers", "pul", "led", "to", "within", "two", "me", "ters", "of", "the", "leading", "Americans", "with", "500", "me", "ters", "to", "go", ",", "but", "then", "the", "g", "ap", "wid", "ened", "to", "five", "me", "ters", ".", "With", "gold", "medal", "ist", "La", "Sh", "aw", "n", "Mer", "rit", "t", "pul", "ling", "away", ",", "Russia", "'", "s", "V", "lad", "im", "ir", "Kr", "as", "nov", "quickly", "passed", "Belg", "ium", "'", "s", "Will", "O", "y", "ow", "e", "at", "the", "hand", "off", ".", "Down", "the", "back", "st", "ret", "ch", "J", "ama", "ica", "'", "s", "J", "av", "on", "Francis", "passed", "Great", "Britain", ",", "Belg", "ium", "and", "Russia", "to", "move", "into", "second", ".", "Kr", "as", "nov", "came", "back", "but", "Francis", "held", "him", "off", "at", "the", "line", "to", "take", "silver", ".", "Records", "Pr", "ior", "to", "the", "competition", ",", "the", "records", "were", "as", "follows", ":", "Q", "ual", "ification", "stand", "ards", "Sch", "ed", "ule", "Results", "He", "ats", "Q", "ual", "ification", ":", "First", "2", "of", "each", "he", "at", "(", "Q", ")", "pl", "us", "the", "2", "fast", "est", "times", "(", "q", ")", "ad", "vanced", "to", "the", "final", ".", "Final", "The", "final", "was", "started", "at", "21", ":", "30", ".", "References", "External", "links", "4", "x", "400", "met", "res", "rel", "ay", "results", "at", "I", "AA", "F", "website", "4", "x", "400", "met", "res", "rel", "ay", "Rel", "ays", "at", "the", "World", "Athlet", "ics", "Championships" ]
[ 24627, 25203, 11, 87, 24, 182, 29254, 25547, 24753, 25050, 24632, 24590, 24585, 25578, 25166, 26962, 24581, 27816, 24930, 24625, 25605, 24590, 24585, 26338, 94, 25101, 25054, 77, 28847, 24584, 25018, 4992, 25009, 25313, 18, 24627, 24994, 25131, 28683, 24712, 16, 27621, 24585, 25246, 24672, 24585, 25457, 24596, 26908, 27416, 24599, 25152, 16, 24835, 24809, 24651, 24585, 24752, 91, 25280, 26352, 25339, 24595, 27158, 24595, 25191, 27332, 27405, 87, 18, 26148, 26670, 26324, 27951, 24818, 24601, 28735, 26720, 24641, 29651, 25629, 25953, 24632, 24831, 25693, 24801, 24818, 24596, 24606, 27882, 24767, 24595, 29195, 24597, 18, 25133, 76, 24888, 25154, 16, 24585, 26465, 24625, 24715, 24850, 25574, 26718, 16, 24651, 27266, 11, 87, 49, 24700, 25672, 40, 93, 24724, 24581, 26005, 24599, 24585, 24818, 80, 24654, 24581, 69, 86, 26009, 25115, 24843, 90, 27336, 24581, 27831, 69, 26707, 25069, 24961, 24601, 27256, 24894, 24585, 27115, 18, 26604, 27937, 11, 87, 26285, 25828, 25125, 26755, 24798, 24601, 25192, 26677, 25787, 24585, 26145, 24601, 25565, 24585, 25619, 25297, 16, 25089, 24601, 24636, 27951, 26821, 24647, 29888, 25394, 11, 87, 47, 24895, 24581, 27283, 80, 28966, 18, 25302, 28498, 29284, 24798, 25121, 24894, 16, 24607, 27951, 24601, 69, 25859, 27283, 80, 28966, 16, 40, 26277, 24583, 18, 24627, 25036, 24595, 25693, 27395, 29278, 25121, 24601, 25880, 24907, 24885, 24998, 24595, 24585, 27000, 29877, 24651, 27452, 24885, 24998, 24601, 25192, 16, 24835, 25115, 24585, 75, 24654, 26942, 28394, 24601, 25842, 24885, 24998, 18, 26137, 27096, 26720, 24641, 25760, 24950, 24766, 82, 26415, 24773, 88, 29278, 25632, 26630, 16, 27266, 11, 87, 58, 27680, 24634, 24624, 26918, 24594, 25972, 29394, 27951, 29888, 25394, 11, 87, 25428, 51, 93, 24639, 73, 24590, 24585, 25866, 24894, 18, 28777, 24585, 25152, 24606, 25055, 24610, 46, 25614, 25177, 11, 87, 46, 24668, 24584, 26745, 27951, 26604, 27937, 16, 29888, 25394, 24596, 27266, 24601, 27570, 25000, 25179, 18, 26918, 24594, 25972, 26206, 25152, 24835, 26745, 25605, 25047, 24894, 24590, 24585, 25315, 24601, 26294, 28735, 18, 26545, 24891, 25233, 24601, 24585, 27206, 16, 24585, 28458, 24747, 24594, 29227, 30, 53, 25132, 26524, 25567, 25598, 25790, 24588, 27914, 29175, 24736, 25729, 53, 25132, 26524, 30, 26204, 22, 24595, 25703, 24607, 24590, 12, 53, 13, 24659, 24640, 24585, 22, 28802, 24655, 26418, 12, 85, 13, 24614, 29059, 24601, 24585, 25738, 18, 28073, 24627, 25738, 24625, 26213, 24590, 25004, 30, 25402, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 24, 92, 29254, 25547, 24753, 25050, 24632, 27233, 24590, 45, 28153, 42, 26658, 24, 92, 29254, 25547, 24753, 25050, 24632, 27689, 25895, 24590, 24585, 25166, 27816, 24930, 26962 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
46524337
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonica%20citrantha
Tonica citrantha
Tonica citrantha is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Alexey Diakonoff in 1967. It is found on Luzon in the Philippines. The wingspan is about 37 mm. The forewings are white with the faintest yellowish suffusion along the middle of the wing and beyond the cell. There are two large raised pale yellow scale tufts and two smaller white scale tufts alternating with the other, as well as two highly raised but loose tufts below the upper edge of the cell toward the base, with the upper half dark brown, the lower white and some brown scales scattered between these. The other markings are jet black, consisting of a costal irregular, and a median quadrate spot at the base, a wedge-shaped oblique larger mark at one-sixth of the costa and a round dot below the fold at one-fifth. There is also an irregular dark grey mark on two-thirds of the costa and a patch of irregular jet-black irroration with bluish reflections in the apex. A curved series of brownish-grey raised scales is found before the upper part of the termen. The hindwings are glossy golden whitish, irrorated with pale tawny. The extreme apex is suffused with jet black. References Moths described in 1967 Tonica
[ "T", "on", "ica", "cit", "ran", "th", "a", "is", "a", "m", "oth", "in", "the", "family", "De", "press", "ari", "idae", ".", "It", "was", "described", "by", "Alex", "ey", "D", "ia", "k", "on", "off", "in", "1967", ".", "It", "is", "found", "on", "Lu", "z", "on", "in", "the", "Philippines", ".", "The", "wing", "span", "is", "about", "37", "mm", ".", "The", "for", "ew", "ings", "are", "white", "with", "the", "f", "ain", "test", "yellow", "ish", "su", "ff", "usion", "along", "the", "middle", "of", "the", "wing", "and", "bey", "ond", "the", "cell", ".", "There", "are", "two", "large", "raised", "p", "ale", "yellow", "scale", "t", "u", "f", "ts", "and", "two", "smaller", "white", "scale", "t", "u", "f", "ts", "altern", "ating", "with", "the", "other", ",", "as", "well", "as", "two", "highly", "raised", "but", "lo", "ose", "t", "u", "f", "ts", "below", "the", "upper", "edge", "of", "the", "cell", "to", "ward", "the", "base", ",", "with", "the", "upper", "half", "dark", "b", "rown", ",", "the", "lower", "white", "and", "some", "b", "rown", "sc", "ales", "sc", "atter", "ed", "between", "these", ".", "The", "other", "mark", "ings", "are", "j", "et", "black", ",", "consist", "ing", "of", "a", "cost", "al", "ir", "regular", ",", "and", "a", "median", "quad", "rate", "spot", "at", "the", "base", ",", "a", "w", "edge", "-", "shap", "ed", "ob", "li", "que", "larger", "mark", "at", "one", "-", "sixth", "of", "the", "cost", "a", "and", "a", "round", "d", "ot", "below", "the", "f", "old", "at", "one", "-", "fifth", ".", "There", "is", "also", "an", "ir", "regular", "dark", "g", "rey", "mark", "on", "two", "-", "third", "s", "of", "the", "cost", "a", "and", "a", "p", "atch", "of", "ir", "regular", "j", "et", "-", "black", "ir", "ror", "ation", "with", "bl", "u", "ish", "ref", "le", "ctions", "in", "the", "ap", "ex", ".", "A", "cur", "ved", "series", "of", "b", "rown", "ish", "-", "g", "rey", "raised", "sc", "ales", "is", "found", "before", "the", "upper", "part", "of", "the", "ter", "men", ".", "The", "h", "ind", "w", "ings", "are", "gl", "os", "sy", "gold", "en", "wh", "it", "ish", ",", "ir", "ror", "ated", "with", "p", "ale", "t", "aw", "ny", ".", "The", "ext", "reme", "ap", "ex", "is", "su", "ff", "used", "with", "j", "et", "black", ".", "References", "Mo", "ths", "described", "in", "1967", "T", "on", "ica" ]
[ 56, 24584, 25177, 27393, 24771, 24580, 69, 24593, 69, 81, 25584, 24581, 24585, 25334, 24821, 25415, 26586, 26724, 18, 24805, 24625, 25896, 24647, 26494, 28062, 40, 24677, 79, 24584, 24894, 24581, 27377, 18, 24805, 24593, 25096, 24584, 26338, 94, 24584, 24581, 24585, 29296, 18, 24627, 27467, 27589, 24593, 25150, 26780, 28405, 18, 24627, 24618, 24774, 24939, 24686, 26711, 24651, 24585, 74, 24667, 25881, 29904, 24679, 24701, 25078, 27879, 25635, 24585, 28335, 24595, 24585, 27467, 24596, 28122, 25112, 24585, 26076, 18, 25650, 24686, 24907, 25926, 28316, 84, 24988, 29904, 29449, 88, 89, 74, 24704, 24596, 24907, 29385, 26711, 29449, 88, 89, 74, 24704, 28246, 25105, 24651, 24585, 24858, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 24907, 29328, 28316, 24835, 25169, 25307, 88, 89, 74, 24704, 27962, 24585, 29101, 29515, 24595, 24585, 26076, 24601, 24993, 24585, 26447, 16, 24651, 24585, 29101, 26202, 29055, 70, 25850, 16, 24585, 27615, 26711, 24596, 25191, 70, 25850, 24876, 25544, 24876, 26130, 24588, 25142, 25639, 18, 24627, 24858, 25571, 24939, 24686, 78, 24645, 26776, 16, 27062, 24599, 24595, 69, 26913, 24591, 24624, 26861, 16, 24596, 69, 29547, 26452, 27955, 29766, 24590, 24585, 26447, 16, 69, 91, 29515, 17, 29782, 24588, 24870, 24952, 25657, 28537, 25571, 24590, 24748, 17, 29908, 24595, 24585, 26913, 69, 24596, 69, 25631, 72, 24643, 27962, 24585, 74, 24867, 24590, 24748, 17, 28561, 18, 25650, 24593, 24762, 24583, 24624, 26861, 29055, 75, 26806, 25571, 24584, 24907, 17, 25859, 87, 24595, 24585, 26913, 69, 24596, 69, 84, 25229, 24595, 24624, 26861, 78, 24645, 17, 26776, 24624, 27149, 24626, 24651, 25237, 89, 24679, 25911, 24604, 25509, 24581, 24585, 24654, 24707, 18, 37, 25069, 25501, 25268, 24595, 70, 25850, 24679, 17, 75, 26806, 28316, 24876, 25544, 24593, 25096, 25327, 24585, 29101, 24791, 24595, 24585, 24621, 25203, 18, 24627, 76, 24888, 91, 24939, 24686, 25722, 24674, 24984, 27096, 24587, 24646, 24598, 24679, 16, 24624, 27149, 24712, 24651, 84, 24988, 88, 24766, 27091, 18, 24627, 25588, 27898, 24654, 24707, 24593, 24701, 25078, 25030, 24651, 78, 24645, 26776, 18, 24838, 25721, 25136, 25896, 24581, 27377, 56, 24584, 25177 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
22404935
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce%20Lindsay%20%28footballer%29
Bruce Lindsay (footballer)
Bruce A. Lindsay (born 22 July 1961) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for West Torrens in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL), and the Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Lindsay made his SANFL debut in 1978 and won West Torrens' best and fairest award in just his second season. A serious knee injury in the 1980 Elimination Final interrupted his career for the next two years. He was club captain from 1984 until 1990, thus having the distinction of leading West Torrens in their final year before merging with Woodville. In 1990 he joined the Crows as a foundation player and took part in their inaugural league game, an 86-point win over that season's eventual premiers Hawthorn at Football Park. Lindsay represented South Australia at the 1979 Perth State of Origin Carnival and nine times in all. He also captained the Australia international rules football team in their 1987 tour of Ireland, the same year he was state captain. He made half a dozen appearances for the newly formed Woodville-West Torrens before retiring in 1992. He was later honoured for his contributions to the SANFL by being inducted, in 2004, to the South Australian Football Hall of Fame. References Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing. 1961 births Living people Adelaide Football Club players West Torrens Football Club players Woodville-West Torrens Football Club players South Australian State of Origin players Australian rules footballers from South Australia South Australian Football Hall of Fame inductees Australia international rules football team players
[ "Bru", "ce", "A", ".", "Lind", "say", "(", "born", "22", "July", "1961", ")", "is", "a", "former", "Australian", "rules", "footballer", "who", "played", "for", "West", "Tor", "r", "ens", "in", "the", "South", "Australian", "National", "Football", "League", "(", "SA", "NFL", "),", "and", "the", "Ad", "ela", "ide", "Football", "Club", "in", "the", "Australian", "Football", "League", "(", "A", "FL", ").", "Lind", "say", "made", "his", "SA", "NFL", "debut", "in", "1978", "and", "won", "West", "Tor", "r", "ens", "'", "best", "and", "fair", "est", "award", "in", "just", "his", "second", "season", ".", "A", "serious", "k", "ne", "e", "injury", "in", "the", "1980", "El", "imin", "ation", "Final", "inter", "rup", "ted", "his", "career", "for", "the", "next", "two", "years", ".", "He", "was", "club", "captain", "from", "1984", "until", "1990", ",", "thus", "having", "the", "distin", "ction", "of", "leading", "West", "Tor", "r", "ens", "in", "their", "final", "year", "before", "mer", "ging", "with", "Wood", "ville", ".", "In", "1990", "he", "joined", "the", "C", "row", "s", "as", "a", "found", "ation", "player", "and", "took", "part", "in", "their", "in", "aug", "ural", "league", "game", ",", "an", "86", "-", "point", "win", "over", "that", "season", "'", "s", "event", "ual", "prem", "iers", "Haw", "th", "orn", "at", "Football", "Park", ".", "Lind", "say", "represented", "South", "Australia", "at", "the", "1979", "Per", "th", "State", "of", "Origin", "Car", "n", "ival", "and", "nine", "times", "in", "all", ".", "He", "also", "cap", "tained", "the", "Australia", "international", "rules", "football", "team", "in", "their", "1987", "tour", "of", "Ireland", ",", "the", "same", "year", "he", "was", "state", "captain", ".", "He", "made", "half", "a", "do", "z", "en", "appearances", "for", "the", "newly", "formed", "Wood", "ville", "-", "West", "Tor", "r", "ens", "before", "ret", "iring", "in", "1992", ".", "He", "was", "later", "hon", "our", "ed", "for", "his", "contribut", "ions", "to", "the", "SA", "NFL", "by", "being", "indu", "cted", ",", "in", "2004", ",", "to", "the", "South", "Australian", "Football", "Hall", "of", "F", "ame", ".", "References", "Hol", "mes", "by", ",", "Russ", "ell", "and", "Main", ",", "Jim", "(", "2007", ").", "The", "En", "cycl", "op", "edia", "of", "A", "FL", "Football", "ers", ".", "7th", "ed", ".", "Melbourne", ":", "Bas", "Publish", "ing", ".", "1961", "births", "Living", "people", "Ad", "ela", "ide", "Football", "Club", "players", "West", "Tor", "r", "ens", "Football", "Club", "players", "Wood", "ville", "-", "West", "Tor", "r", "ens", "Football", "Club", "players", "South", "Australian", "State", "of", "Origin", "players", "Australian", "rules", "footballers", "from", "South", "Australia", "South", "Australian", "Football", "Hall", "of", "F", "ame", "indu", "ct", "ees", "Australia", "international", "rules", "football", "team", "players" ]
[ 29635, 24648, 37, 18, 29306, 27092, 12, 25049, 25127, 25363, 27802, 13, 24593, 69, 25346, 26007, 29232, 27507, 24831, 25350, 24618, 25526, 26621, 86, 24845, 24581, 24585, 25236, 26007, 25155, 26178, 25375, 12, 26863, 29632, 24758, 24596, 24585, 25266, 28350, 24814, 26178, 26188, 24581, 24585, 26007, 26178, 25375, 12, 37, 27201, 24874, 29306, 27092, 25167, 24684, 26863, 29632, 26097, 24581, 27134, 24596, 25400, 25526, 26621, 86, 24845, 11, 26066, 24596, 29503, 24655, 26129, 24581, 25871, 24684, 25179, 25042, 18, 37, 29818, 79, 24687, 73, 29871, 24581, 24585, 26890, 25421, 26416, 24626, 28073, 25033, 27552, 24826, 24684, 25513, 24618, 24585, 26315, 24907, 25100, 18, 24736, 24625, 25559, 29279, 24672, 26812, 25359, 26490, 16, 27335, 26296, 24585, 28767, 24768, 24595, 27000, 25526, 26621, 86, 24845, 24581, 24862, 25738, 24854, 25327, 24719, 27669, 24651, 27427, 26100, 18, 24657, 26490, 24607, 26203, 24585, 39, 25032, 87, 24594, 69, 25096, 24626, 25811, 24596, 25676, 24791, 24581, 24862, 24581, 29015, 25274, 26425, 25436, 16, 24583, 28723, 17, 25992, 25857, 24752, 24682, 25042, 11, 87, 25775, 25132, 27222, 26306, 27575, 24580, 24884, 24590, 26178, 25840, 18, 29306, 27092, 27544, 25236, 25938, 24590, 24585, 27020, 25768, 24580, 25461, 24595, 28868, 25198, 82, 25628, 24596, 28139, 26418, 24581, 24663, 18, 24736, 24762, 25238, 27067, 24585, 25938, 26101, 29232, 25128, 25036, 24581, 24862, 26753, 26616, 24595, 26779, 16, 24585, 25515, 24854, 24607, 24625, 25338, 29279, 18, 24736, 25167, 26202, 69, 25161, 94, 24587, 28357, 24618, 24585, 29727, 25648, 27427, 26100, 17, 25526, 26621, 86, 24845, 25327, 25055, 29673, 24581, 26362, 18, 24736, 24625, 25163, 26260, 24714, 24588, 24618, 24684, 27391, 24921, 24601, 24585, 26863, 29632, 24647, 25270, 25959, 24955, 16, 24581, 25783, 16, 24601, 24585, 25236, 26007, 26178, 26411, 24595, 42, 24741, 18, 24838, 26083, 28107, 24647, 16, 25619, 24731, 24596, 27383, 16, 27547, 12, 25557, 24874, 24627, 24879, 27518, 24644, 29698, 24595, 37, 27201, 26178, 24629, 18, 29962, 24588, 18, 29505, 30, 27609, 29561, 24599, 18, 27802, 25393, 25766, 24941, 25266, 28350, 24814, 26178, 26188, 25053, 25526, 26621, 86, 24845, 26178, 26188, 25053, 27427, 26100, 17, 25526, 26621, 86, 24845, 26178, 26188, 25053, 25236, 26007, 25461, 24595, 28868, 25053, 26007, 29232, 26450, 24672, 25236, 25938, 25236, 26007, 26178, 26411, 24595, 42, 24741, 25959, 24637, 28662, 25938, 26101, 29232, 25128, 25036, 25053 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
68632050
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Acts%20of%20the%20Northern%20Ireland%20Assembly%20from%202008
List of Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly from 2008
Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly |- | {{|Health (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|2|25-02-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to amend the Health and Personal Social Services (Northern Ireland) Order 1972 in relation to the provision of health care; and for connected purposes.}} |- | {{|Budget Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|3|12-03-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to authorise the issue out of the Consolidated Fund of certain sums for the service of the years ending 31st March 2008 and 2009; to appropriate those sums for specified purposes; to authorise the Department of Finance and Personnel to borrow on the credit of the appropriated sums; to authorise the use for the public service of certain resources for the years ending 31st March 2008 and 2009; and to revise the limits on the use of certain accruing resources in the year ending 31st March 2008.}} |- | {{|Taxis Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|4|21-04-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to make provision regulating taxi operators, taxis and taxi drivers; and for related purposes.}} |- | {{|Public Health (Amendment) Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|5|06-05-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to amend section 2A of the Public Health Act (Northern Ireland) 1967.}} |- | {{|Commission for Victims and Survivors Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|6|23-05-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to replace the Commissioner for Victims and Survivors for Northern Ireland established by the Victims and Survivors (Northern Ireland) Order 2006 with a Commission for Victims and Survivors for Northern Ireland.}} |- | {{|Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|7|23-05-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to provide for 11 local government districts in Northern Ireland, for the division of those districts into wards, for the appointment of a Local Government Boundaries Commissioner to recommend the boundaries and names of those districts and wards and the number of wards in each district; and for connected purposes.}} |- | {{|Libraries Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|8|17-06-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to provide for the establishment and functions of the Northern Ireland Library Authority; to enable the Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure to make grants in connection with the provision of library services; and for connected purposes.}} |- | {{|Mesothelioma, etc., Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|9|02-07-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to make provision about lump sum payments to or in respect of persons with diffuse mesothelioma; and for connected purposes.}} |- | {{|Child Maintenance Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|10|02-07-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to amend the law relating to child support; and for connected purposes.}} |- | {{|Budget (No. 2) Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|11|02-07-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to authorise the issue out of the Consolidated Fund of certain sums for the service of the year ending 31st March 2009; to appropriate those sums for specified purposes; to authorise the Department of Finance and Personnel to borrow on the credit of the appropriated sums; to authorise the use for the public service of certain resources (including accruing resources) for the year ending 31st March 2009; to authorise the issue out of the Consolidated Fund of an excess cash sum for the service of the year ending 31st March 2007; and to repeal certain spent provisions.}} |- | {{|Charities Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|12|09-09-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to provide for the establishment and functions of the Charity Commission for Northern Ireland and the Charity Tribunal for Northern Ireland; to make provision about the law of charities, including provision about charitable incorporated organisations; to make further provision about public charitable collections and other fund-raising carried on in connection with charities and other institutions; and for connected purposes.}} |- | {{|Pensions (No. 2) Act (Northern Ireland) 2008|ania|13|15-12-2008|maintained=y|archived=n|An Act to make provision relating to pensions; and for connected purposes.}} }} References 2008
[ "Act", "s", "of", "the", "Northern", "Ireland", "Assembly", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "Health", "(", "M", "is", "cell", "ane", "ous", "Pro", "vis", "ions", ")", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "2", "|", "25", "-", "0", "2", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "am", "end", "the", "Health", "and", "Personal", "Social", "Services", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "Order", "1972", "in", "relation", "to", "the", "prov", "ision", "of", "health", "care", ";", "and", "for", "connected", "pur", "pos", "es", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "Bud", "get", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "3", "|", "12", "-", "0", "3", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "author", "ise", "the", "issue", "out", "of", "the", "Con", "sol", "id", "ated", "F", "und", "of", "certain", "sum", "s", "for", "the", "service", "of", "the", "years", "ending", "31", "st", "March", "2008", "and", "2009", ";", "to", "appro", "pri", "ate", "those", "sum", "s", "for", "spec", "ified", "pur", "pos", "es", ";", "to", "author", "ise", "the", "Department", "of", "Fin", "ance", "and", "Person", "nel", "to", "bor", "row", "on", "the", "cred", "it", "of", "the", "appro", "pri", "ated", "sum", "s", ";", "to", "author", "ise", "the", "use", "for", "the", "public", "service", "of", "certain", "res", "ources", "for", "the", "years", "ending", "31", "st", "March", "2008", "and", "2009", ";", "and", "to", "rev", "ise", "the", "lim", "its", "on", "the", "use", "of", "certain", "ac", "cru", "ing", "res", "ources", "in", "the", "year", "ending", "31", "st", "March", "2008", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "Tax", "is", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "4", "|", "21", "-", "0", "4", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "make", "prov", "ision", "reg", "ul", "ating", "tax", "i", "oper", "ators", ",", "tax", "is", "and", "tax", "i", "dr", "ivers", ";", "and", "for", "related", "pur", "pos", "es", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "Public", "Health", "(", "Am", "end", "ment", ")", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "5", "|", "0", "6", "-", "05", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "am", "end", "section", "2", "A", "of", "the", "Public", "Health", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "1967", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "Commission", "for", "Vict", "ims", "and", "Sur", "v", "iv", "ors", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "6", "|", "23", "-", "05", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "re", "place", "the", "Commission", "er", "for", "Vict", "ims", "and", "Sur", "v", "iv", "ors", "for", "Northern", "Ireland", "established", "by", "the", "Vict", "ims", "and", "Sur", "v", "iv", "ors", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "Order", "2006", "with", "a", "Commission", "for", "Vict", "ims", "and", "Sur", "v", "iv", "ors", "for", "Northern", "Ireland", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "Loc", "al", "Government", "(", "B", "ound", "aries", ")", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "7", "|", "23", "-", "05", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "provide", "for", "11", "local", "government", "districts", "in", "Northern", "Ireland", ",", "for", "the", "division", "of", "those", "districts", "into", "wards", ",", "for", "the", "appoint", "ment", "of", "a", "Loc", "al", "Government", "B", "ound", "aries", "Commission", "er", "to", "recomm", "end", "the", "bound", "aries", "and", "names", "of", "those", "districts", "and", "wards", "and", "the", "number", "of", "wards", "in", "each", "district", ";", "and", "for", "connected", "pur", "pos", "es", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "L", "ibr", "aries", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "8", "|", "17", "-", "0", "6", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "provide", "for", "the", "establish", "ment", "and", "fun", "ctions", "of", "the", "Northern", "Ireland", "Library", "Au", "thor", "ity", ";", "to", "en", "able", "the", "Department", "of", "Cult", "ure", ",", "Arts", "and", "Le", "is", "ure", "to", "make", "gr", "ants", "in", "conne", "ction", "with", "the", "prov", "ision", "of", "library", "services", ";", "and", "for", "connected", "pur", "pos", "es", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "M", "es", "o", "the", "li", "oma", ",", "et", "c", ".,", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "9", "|", "0", "2", "-", "07", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "make", "prov", "ision", "about", "l", "ump", "sum", "pay", "ments", "to", "or", "in", "respect", "of", "person", "s", "with", "diff", "use", "mes", "o", "the", "li", "oma", ";", "and", "for", "connected", "pur", "pos", "es", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "Ch", "ild", "Main", "ten", "ance", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "10", "|", "0", "2", "-", "07", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "am", "end", "the", "law", "rel", "ating", "to", "child", "support", ";", "and", "for", "connected", "pur", "pos", "es", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "Bud", "get", "(", "No", ".", "2", ")", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "11", "|", "0", "2", "-", "07", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "author", "ise", "the", "issue", "out", "of", "the", "Con", "sol", "id", "ated", "F", "und", "of", "certain", "sum", "s", "for", "the", "service", "of", "the", "year", "ending", "31", "st", "March", "2009", ";", "to", "appro", "pri", "ate", "those", "sum", "s", "for", "spec", "ified", "pur", "pos", "es", ";", "to", "author", "ise", "the", "Department", "of", "Fin", "ance", "and", "Person", "nel", "to", "bor", "row", "on", "the", "cred", "it", "of", "the", "appro", "pri", "ated", "sum", "s", ";", "to", "author", "ise", "the", "use", "for", "the", "public", "service", "of", "certain", "res", "ources", "(", "including", "ac", "cru", "ing", "res", "ources", ")", "for", "the", "year", "ending", "31", "st", "March", "2009", ";", "to", "author", "ise", "the", "issue", "out", "of", "the", "Con", "sol", "id", "ated", "F", "und", "of", "an", "ex", "cess", "c", "ash", "sum", "for", "the", "service", "of", "the", "year", "ending", "31", "st", "March", "2007", ";", "and", "to", "repe", "al", "certain", "spent", "prov", "isions", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "Char", "ities", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "12", "|", "09", "-", "09", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "provide", "for", "the", "establish", "ment", "and", "fun", "ctions", "of", "the", "Char", "ity", "Commission", "for", "Northern", "Ireland", "and", "the", "Char", "ity", "Tr", "ib", "un", "al", "for", "Northern", "Ireland", ";", "to", "make", "prov", "ision", "about", "the", "law", "of", "char", "ities", ",", "including", "prov", "ision", "about", "char", "it", "able", "incorporated", "organ", "is", "ations", ";", "to", "make", "further", "prov", "ision", "about", "public", "char", "it", "able", "colle", "ctions", "and", "other", "fund", "-", "ra", "ising", "carried", "on", "in", "conne", "ction", "with", "char", "ities", "and", "other", "institutions", ";", "and", "for", "connected", "pur", "pos", "es", ".", "}", "}", "|-", "|", "{", "{", "|", "P", "ens", "ions", "(", "No", ".", "2", ")", "Act", "(", "Northern", "Ireland", ")", "2008", "|", "an", "ia", "|", "13", "|", "15", "-", "12", "-", "2008", "|", "main", "tained", "=", "y", "|", "arch", "ived", "=", "n", "|", "An", "Act", "to", "make", "prov", "ision", "rel", "ating", "to", "p", "ens", "ions", ";", "and", "for", "connected", "pur", "pos", "es", ".", "}", "}", "}", "}", "References", "2008" ]
[ 25928, 87, 24595, 24585, 27199, 26779, 27458, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 27779, 12, 49, 24593, 26076, 25713, 24797, 25057, 25423, 24921, 13, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 22, 96, 25306, 17, 20, 22, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 24611, 24725, 24585, 27779, 24596, 28172, 27506, 29957, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 26947, 27071, 24581, 27077, 24601, 24585, 25086, 24977, 24595, 27001, 27287, 31, 24596, 24618, 29578, 26017, 24936, 24589, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 27561, 25978, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 23, 96, 25074, 17, 20, 23, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 25931, 25279, 24585, 27517, 24767, 24595, 24585, 24924, 25945, 24630, 24712, 42, 25324, 24595, 27457, 27198, 87, 24618, 24585, 25993, 24595, 24585, 25100, 26303, 26156, 24606, 25317, 25505, 24596, 25531, 31, 24601, 26021, 27502, 24688, 26055, 27198, 87, 24618, 25114, 25798, 26017, 24936, 24589, 31, 24601, 25931, 25279, 24585, 26606, 24595, 25975, 24985, 24596, 26999, 26599, 24601, 25897, 25032, 24584, 24585, 26727, 24598, 24595, 24585, 26021, 27502, 24712, 27198, 87, 31, 24601, 25931, 25279, 24585, 25043, 24618, 24585, 25242, 25993, 24595, 27457, 24753, 26480, 24618, 24585, 25100, 26303, 26156, 24606, 25317, 25505, 24596, 25531, 31, 24596, 24601, 29461, 25279, 24585, 25869, 24783, 24584, 24585, 25043, 24595, 27457, 24616, 28311, 24599, 24753, 26480, 24581, 24585, 24854, 26303, 26156, 24606, 25317, 25505, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 28478, 24593, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 24, 96, 25004, 17, 20, 24, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 26127, 25086, 24977, 24954, 24649, 25105, 27480, 77, 25211, 26323, 16, 27480, 24593, 24596, 27480, 77, 24815, 24877, 31, 24596, 24618, 26974, 26017, 24936, 24589, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 26746, 27779, 12, 25417, 24725, 24718, 13, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 25, 96, 20, 26, 17, 29972, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 24611, 24725, 26975, 22, 37, 24595, 24585, 26746, 27779, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 27377, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 27147, 24618, 26600, 29523, 24596, 26655, 90, 24622, 24903, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 26, 96, 25217, 17, 29972, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 24600, 25468, 24585, 27147, 24582, 24618, 26600, 29523, 24596, 26655, 90, 24622, 24903, 24618, 27199, 26779, 25572, 24647, 24585, 26600, 29523, 24596, 26655, 90, 24622, 24903, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 26947, 25562, 24651, 69, 27147, 24618, 26600, 29523, 24596, 26655, 90, 24622, 24903, 24618, 27199, 26779, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 27770, 24591, 27030, 12, 38, 24742, 26868, 13, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 27, 96, 25217, 17, 29972, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 27627, 24618, 25267, 25763, 25621, 29334, 24581, 27199, 26779, 16, 24618, 24585, 27218, 24595, 26055, 29334, 25000, 26165, 16, 24618, 24585, 29642, 24718, 24595, 69, 27770, 24591, 27030, 38, 24742, 26868, 27147, 24582, 24601, 29839, 24725, 24585, 27219, 26868, 24596, 27290, 24595, 26055, 29334, 24596, 26165, 24596, 24585, 25387, 24595, 26165, 24581, 25703, 25906, 31, 24596, 24618, 29578, 26017, 24936, 24589, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 48, 26312, 26868, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 28, 96, 24940, 17, 20, 26, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 27627, 24618, 24585, 25960, 24718, 24596, 26053, 25509, 24595, 24585, 27199, 26779, 28036, 25085, 25649, 24683, 31, 24601, 24587, 24914, 24585, 26606, 24595, 27718, 24794, 16, 27021, 24596, 24843, 24593, 24794, 24601, 26127, 24699, 25575, 24581, 26470, 24768, 24651, 24585, 25086, 24977, 24595, 29899, 26481, 31, 24596, 24618, 29578, 26017, 24936, 24589, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 49, 24589, 83, 24585, 24952, 27121, 16, 24645, 71, 25964, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 29, 96, 20, 22, 17, 29846, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 26127, 25086, 24977, 25150, 80, 26876, 27198, 27229, 25272, 24601, 24586, 24581, 27228, 24595, 25560, 87, 24651, 27691, 25043, 28107, 83, 24585, 24952, 27121, 31, 24596, 24618, 29578, 26017, 24936, 24589, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 24698, 27351, 27383, 25026, 24985, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 24975, 96, 20, 22, 17, 29846, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 24611, 24725, 24585, 25539, 25050, 25105, 24601, 26881, 25983, 31, 24596, 24618, 29578, 26017, 24936, 24589, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 27561, 25978, 12, 25694, 18, 22, 13, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 25267, 96, 20, 22, 17, 29846, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 25931, 25279, 24585, 27517, 24767, 24595, 24585, 24924, 25945, 24630, 24712, 42, 25324, 24595, 27457, 27198, 87, 24618, 24585, 25993, 24595, 24585, 24854, 26303, 26156, 24606, 25317, 25531, 31, 24601, 26021, 27502, 24688, 26055, 27198, 87, 24618, 25114, 25798, 26017, 24936, 24589, 31, 24601, 25931, 25279, 24585, 26606, 24595, 25975, 24985, 24596, 26999, 26599, 24601, 25897, 25032, 24584, 24585, 26727, 24598, 24595, 24585, 26021, 27502, 24712, 27198, 87, 31, 24601, 25931, 25279, 24585, 25043, 24618, 24585, 25242, 25993, 24595, 27457, 24753, 26480, 12, 25260, 24616, 28311, 24599, 24753, 26480, 13, 24618, 24585, 24854, 26303, 26156, 24606, 25317, 25531, 31, 24601, 25931, 25279, 24585, 27517, 24767, 24595, 24585, 24924, 25945, 24630, 24712, 42, 25324, 24595, 24583, 24707, 25013, 71, 25124, 27198, 24618, 24585, 25993, 24595, 24585, 24854, 26303, 26156, 24606, 25317, 25557, 31, 24596, 24601, 29003, 24591, 27457, 27862, 25086, 28018, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 25627, 25082, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 25074, 96, 29734, 17, 29734, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 27627, 24618, 24585, 25960, 24718, 24596, 26053, 25509, 24595, 24585, 25627, 24683, 27147, 24618, 27199, 26779, 24596, 24585, 25627, 24683, 25024, 24751, 24631, 24591, 24618, 27199, 26779, 31, 24601, 26127, 25086, 24977, 25150, 24585, 25539, 24595, 25316, 25082, 16, 25260, 25086, 24977, 25150, 25316, 24598, 24914, 28463, 25337, 24593, 24833, 31, 24601, 26127, 26629, 25086, 24977, 25150, 25242, 25316, 24598, 24914, 29375, 25509, 24596, 24858, 26807, 17, 24840, 26388, 28541, 24584, 24581, 26470, 24768, 24651, 25316, 25082, 24596, 24858, 29551, 31, 24596, 24618, 29578, 26017, 24936, 24589, 18, 97, 97, 25278, 96, 95, 95, 96, 52, 24845, 24921, 12, 25694, 18, 22, 13, 25928, 12, 27199, 26779, 13, 25505, 96, 24583, 24677, 96, 25143, 96, 25018, 17, 25074, 17, 25505, 96, 25039, 27067, 33, 93, 96, 25340, 25199, 33, 82, 96, 24800, 25928, 24601, 26127, 25086, 24977, 25050, 25105, 24601, 84, 24845, 24921, 31, 24596, 24618, 29578, 26017, 24936, 24589, 18, 97, 97, 97, 97, 24838, 25505 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
40647387
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam%20Controller
Steam Controller
The Steam Controller is a discontinued game controller developed by Valve for use with personal computers running Steam on Windows, macOS, Linux, smartphones or SteamOS. The controller was designed not only for games developed for controller users, but also for games traditionally played with keyboard and mouse controls so that they can be played through the controller. It was released in November 2015 along with Valve's Steam Machine and discontinued in November 2019. Features The Steam Controller features two clickable trackpads (as opposed to the more typical thumbsticks on modern console controllers), and fourteen buttons, including face, shoulder, and undergrip buttons. The trackpads include haptic feedback; Chris Kohler of Wired described using the controller while playing Civilization V at a Valve press event, and noted that as he used the trackpad to move the mouse cursor, electromagnets within the controller created audio and tactile feedback as if he were using a trackball. Although the controller is designed for the Steam Machine platform, it can also be used with Steam on existing PCs. The controller also included gyroscopic sensors to detect the relative orientation of the controller. The controller is presently designed to be used within Steam's Big Picture mode; this enables the player to access detailed options for setting up the various features of the controller on a per-game basis including button/trackpad mapping and sensitivity as well as accessing other users' shared controller configuration to use themselves. The Steamworks API provides means for developers to provide more detailed settings for the Steam Controller when in Big Picture mode. Outside of Big Picture mode, the controller otherwise behaves as a standard two-stick controller, though Valve does plan on updating Steam to allow retaining the previously set Big Picture mode per-game settings. Development The original design of the controller was to include a touchscreen in the center of the unit. The touchscreen would have acted like a mousepad and allow players to perform actions that typically are not capable on controllers, operating directly with Steam or SteamOS and overlaying the touchscreen display onto the players' screens to allow manipulation of the game without diverting attention from the screen. However, at the January 2014 Steam Dev Days event, Valve revealed they had since dropped the touchscreen concept from the controller, rearranged existing face buttons to be more compatible with existing games. Valve went through several iterations for a controller that would be able to mimic keyboard and mouse controls, using prototypes made with 3D printing to test ergonomics. Early versions of the controller design included a trackball embedded in the controller to simulate mouse functionality but opted eventually for trackpads to give more customization functionality to developers including the ability to simulate the motion of trackball by tracking a finger's motion on the trackpad. The trackpads and controller design were made to minimize the amount of contact that a player's thumbs would have on the trackpad when holding the unit. As opposed to their plans for the Steam Machine to be produced by multiple third-parties, Valve planned to be the sole producer of the Steam Controller; Valve's Greg Coomer stated that this decision was based on achieving the best implementation of the Controller and Valve's vision for the device, noting that "we didn’t think that it was really going to be possible to outsource the design for manufacturing and the finishing of the controller in a way that would allow third parties to take from us an idea or a reference design and bring it to market soon enough". Valve did clarify that they would open up specifications for third-party controllers to be developed (which was done publicly as of March 2016). , Valve was working with Flex robotic assembly line in Buffalo Grove, Illinois to assemble the machines; jokingly, the machines have been given Aperture Science branding, the fictional company from Valve's Portal series, presumably until the products later discontinuation. Updates Valve has pushed out updates aimed at increasing user customizability. Valve has added improvements to the controller's capabilities based on public feedback following its launch, including movement and aiming controls schemes using its internal gyroscope, the ability to trigger actions that enable cursor movement limited to certain regions on a UI (such as to manipulate a game's mini-map), a quick-access popup for 16 commands that can act similar to hotkeys for keyboard-and-mouse games, cloud-based controller configuration saving, and support for non-Steam games that otherwise can be played through the Steam Overlay. Several updates were introduced in June 2016. One update enabled users to create actions using the Controller to switch between two or more different configurations on the fly. This update also enabled the ability to customize the motion-sensing controls to be used for virtual reality games. A second update in June 2016 enabled buttons to be 'Activators' which can respond differently based on the type of input on the button, distinguishing between a single short tap, an extended hold, and a double-tap, for example. These so called 'Activators' can also be used to simulate the constant holding of a button with a single press, such as often used for the action of crouching in many first-person or third-person shooters. Valve afterwards worked on supporting similar controller customization features and user interfaces to other compatible controllers, and released the first such update in the Steam software for Sony's DualShock 4 controller in December 2016, and beta support for other controllers including Xbox One in January 2017. Support for the Nintendo Switch Pro Controller was added in May 2018. While other controllers can be used on Steam through basic operating system functionality. On March 23, 2016, Valve announced it would be publicly releasing computer aided design geometry for the Steam controller. The CAD geometry was released under a Creative Commons license. In May 2018, Valve updated the controller to enable its Bluetooth communications, allowing it to pair with mobile devices. This allows the controller to be used alongside the Steam Link app which replaced Steam Link hardware. Release and reception The Steam Controller was publicly released in November 2015, alongside the release of Steam Machines. By June 2016, over 500,000 had been sold and by October, nearly one million had sold, including the controllers bundled with the Steam Machines. In October 2016, Valve disclosed 27,000 controllers were in "daily active use". In September 2018, Valve disclosed new figures showing approximately 1.5 million Steam Controllers have connected to Steam, with about 14% of those having connected to Steam within the month the survey was performed. For comparison, the most popular controller used with Steam is the Xbox 360 controller, at around 27.2 million connections and 14% of those connected within the month of the survey. Valve announced in November 2019 that it had discontinued further production of the controller and sold off its remaining inventory at a significantly reduced price. Ironburg Inventions Lawsuit A lawsuit was filed against Valve by Ironburg Inventions in 2020, asserting that Valve knowingly had violated their patent with the inclusion of the rear-face buttons after learning about Ironburg's patent in 2014. The jury trial started in January 2021. The jury found Valve had willfully infringed on the Ironburg patent and awarded Ironburg in base damages. References External links Controller Gamepads Products introduced in 2015
[ "The", "S", "team", "Contr", "oll", "er", "is", "a", "dis", "continued", "game", "controll", "er", "developed", "by", "Val", "ve", "for", "use", "with", "personal", "comp", "u", "ters", "running", "S", "team", "on", "Wind", "ows", ",", "m", "ac", "OS", ",", "Lin", "ux", ",", "sm", "art", "ph", "ones", "or", "S", "team", "OS", ".", "The", "controll", "er", "was", "designed", "not", "only", "for", "games", "developed", "for", "controll", "er", "us", "ers", ",", "but", "also", "for", "games", "tradition", "ally", "played", "with", "key", "board", "and", "m", "ouse", "control", "s", "so", "that", "they", "can", "be", "played", "through", "the", "controll", "er", ".", "It", "was", "released", "in", "November", "2015", "along", "with", "Val", "ve", "'", "s", "S", "team", "M", "ach", "ine", "and", "dis", "continued", "in", "November", "2019", ".", "Fe", "at", "ures", "The", "S", "team", "Contr", "oll", "er", "features", "two", "cl", "ick", "able", "track", "p", "ad", "s", "(", "as", "op", "posed", "to", "the", "more", "typ", "ical", "th", "umb", "st", "icks", "on", "modern", "cons", "ole", "controll", "ers", "),", "and", "four", "teen", "but", "ton", "s", ",", "including", "face", ",", "should", "er", ",", "and", "under", "gr", "ip", "but", "ton", "s", ".", "The", "track", "p", "ad", "s", "include", "hap", "tic", "fe", "ed", "back", ";", "Chris", "Ko", "h", "ler", "of", "W", "ired", "described", "using", "the", "controll", "er", "while", "playing", "Civil", "ization", "V", "at", "a", "Val", "ve", "press", "event", ",", "and", "noted", "that", "as", "he", "used", "the", "track", "p", "ad", "to", "move", "the", "m", "ouse", "cur", "sor", ",", "elect", "rom", "agn", "ets", "within", "the", "controll", "er", "created", "aud", "io", "and", "t", "act", "ile", "fe", "ed", "back", "as", "if", "he", "were", "using", "a", "track", "ball", ".", "Although", "the", "controll", "er", "is", "designed", "for", "the", "S", "team", "M", "ach", "ine", "platform", ",", "it", "can", "also", "be", "used", "with", "S", "team", "on", "existing", "PC", "s", ".", "The", "controll", "er", "also", "included", "gy", "ro", "sc", "op", "ic", "sens", "ors", "to", "dete", "ct", "the", "rel", "ative", "or", "ient", "ation", "of", "the", "controll", "er", ".", "The", "controll", "er", "is", "present", "ly", "designed", "to", "be", "used", "within", "S", "team", "'", "s", "Big", "Pict", "ure", "m", "ode", ";", "this", "en", "ables", "the", "player", "to", "access", "det", "ailed", "opt", "ions", "for", "set", "ting", "up", "the", "various", "features", "of", "the", "controll", "er", "on", "a", "per", "-", "game", "basis", "including", "but", "ton", "/", "track", "p", "ad", "m", "app", "ing", "and", "sens", "it", "ivity", "as", "well", "as", "access", "ing", "other", "us", "ers", "'", "sh", "ared", "controll", "er", "con", "fig", "ur", "ation", "to", "use", "themselves", ".", "The", "S", "team", "works", "AP", "I", "provides", "means", "for", "develop", "ers", "to", "provide", "more", "det", "ailed", "sett", "ings", "for", "the", "S", "team", "Contr", "oll", "er", "when", "in", "Big", "Pict", "ure", "m", "ode", ".", "Out", "side", "of", "Big", "Pict", "ure", "m", "ode", ",", "the", "controll", "er", "other", "w", "ise", "beh", "aves", "as", "a", "standard", "two", "-", "st", "ick", "controll", "er", ",", "though", "Val", "ve", "does", "plan", "on", "up", "d", "ating", "S", "team", "to", "allow", "re", "tain", "ing", "the", "previously", "set", "Big", "Pict", "ure", "m", "ode", "per", "-", "game", "sett", "ings", ".", "Development", "The", "original", "design", "of", "the", "controll", "er", "was", "to", "include", "a", "touch", "screen", "in", "the", "center", "of", "the", "unit", ".", "The", "touch", "screen", "would", "have", "acted", "like", "a", "m", "ouse", "p", "ad", "and", "allow", "players", "to", "perform", "actions", "that", "typically", "are", "not", "cap", "able", "on", "controll", "ers", ",", "operating", "directly", "with", "S", "team", "or", "S", "team", "OS", "and", "over", "lay", "ing", "the", "touch", "screen", "dis", "play", "onto", "the", "players", "'", "sc", "re", "ens", "to", "allow", "man", "ip", "ulation", "of", "the", "game", "without", "d", "iver", "ting", "attention", "from", "the", "screen", ".", "However", ",", "at", "the", "January", "2014", "S", "team", "Dev", "D", "ays", "event", ",", "Val", "ve", "revealed", "they", "had", "since", "drop", "ped", "the", "touch", "screen", "concept", "from", "the", "controll", "er", ",", "re", "arran", "ged", "existing", "face", "but", "ton", "s", "to", "be", "more", "comp", "at", "ible", "with", "existing", "games", ".", "Val", "ve", "went", "through", "several", "iter", "ations", "for", "a", "controll", "er", "that", "would", "be", "able", "to", "m", "im", "ic", "key", "board", "and", "m", "ouse", "control", "s", ",", "using", "pro", "to", "types", "made", "with", "3", "D", "print", "ing", "to", "test", "er", "g", "onom", "ics", ".", "Early", "versions", "of", "the", "controll", "er", "design", "included", "a", "track", "ball", "emb", "ed", "ded", "in", "the", "controll", "er", "to", "sim", "ul", "ate", "m", "ouse", "function", "ality", "but", "opted", "eventually", "for", "track", "p", "ad", "s", "to", "give", "more", "custom", "ization", "function", "ality", "to", "develop", "ers", "including", "the", "ability", "to", "sim", "ul", "ate", "the", "mot", "ion", "of", "track", "ball", "by", "track", "ing", "a", "f", "inger", "'", "s", "mot", "ion", "on", "the", "track", "p", "ad", ".", "The", "track", "p", "ad", "s", "and", "controll", "er", "design", "were", "made", "to", "min", "im", "ize", "the", "amount", "of", "cont", "act", "that", "a", "player", "'", "s", "th", "umb", "s", "would", "have", "on", "the", "track", "p", "ad", "when", "hold", "ing", "the", "unit", ".", "As", "op", "posed", "to", "their", "plans", "for", "the", "S", "team", "M", "ach", "ine", "to", "be", "produced", "by", "multiple", "third", "-", "parties", ",", "Val", "ve", "planned", "to", "be", "the", "so", "le", "producer", "of", "the", "S", "team", "Contr", "oll", "er", ";", "Val", "ve", "'", "s", "Greg", "Co", "omer", "stated", "that", "this", "decision", "was", "based", "on", "ach", "ie", "ving", "the", "best", "implement", "ation", "of", "the", "Contr", "oll", "er", "and", "Val", "ve", "'", "s", "vision", "for", "the", "de", "vice", ",", "not", "ing", "that", "\"", "we", "did", "n", "’", "t", "th", "ink", "that", "it", "was", "re", "ally", "going", "to", "be", "possible", "to", "outs", "ource", "the", "design", "for", "manufact", "uring", "and", "the", "finish", "ing", "of", "the", "controll", "er", "in", "a", "way", "that", "would", "allow", "third", "parties", "to", "take", "from", "us", "an", "idea", "or", "a", "re", "ference", "design", "and", "bring", "it", "to", "market", "soon", "enough", "\".", "Val", "ve", "did", "cl", "ar", "ify", "that", "they", "would", "open", "up", "specific", "ations", "for", "third", "-", "party", "controll", "ers", "to", "be", "developed", "(", "which", "was", "done", "public", "ly", "as", "of", "March", "2016", ").", ",", "Val", "ve", "was", "working", "with", "Fle", "x", "ro", "bot", "ic", "as", "sembly", "line", "in", "Bu", "ff", "alo", "Gro", "ve", ",", "Illinois", "to", "as", "sem", "ble", "the", "mach", "ines", ";", "j", "ok", "ing", "ly", ",", "the", "mach", "ines", "have", "been", "given", "A", "per", "t", "ure", "Science", "brand", "ing", ",", "the", "f", "ictional", "company", "from", "Val", "ve", "'", "s", "Port", "al", "series", ",", "pres", "um", "ably", "until", "the", "products", "later", "dis", "continu", "ation", ".", "Up", "d", "ates", "Val", "ve", "has", "p", "ush", "ed", "out", "up", "d", "ates", "aim", "ed", "at", "increasing", "us", "er", "custom", "iz", "ability", ".", "Val", "ve", "has", "added", "improv", "ements", "to", "the", "controll", "er", "'", "s", "cap", "ab", "ilities", "based", "on", "public", "fe", "ed", "back", "following", "its", "launch", ",", "including", "movement", "and", "aim", "ing", "control", "s", "sche", "mes", "using", "its", "in", "ternal", "gy", "ro", "sc", "ope", ",", "the", "ability", "to", "tr", "ig", "ger", "actions", "that", "en", "able", "cur", "sor", "movement", "limited", "to", "certain", "regions", "on", "a", "U", "I", "(", "such", "as", "to", "man", "ip", "ul", "ate", "a", "game", "'", "s", "min", "i", "-", "map", "),", "a", "quick", "-", "access", "pop", "up", "for", "16", "command", "s", "that", "can", "act", "similar", "to", "hot", "ke", "ys", "for", "key", "board", "-", "and", "-", "m", "ouse", "games", ",", "cl", "oud", "-", "based", "controll", "er", "con", "fig", "ur", "ation", "s", "aving", ",", "and", "support", "for", "non", "-", "S", "team", "games", "that", "other", "w", "ise", "can", "be", "played", "through", "the", "S", "team", "Over", "lay", ".", "Se", "veral", "up", "d", "ates", "were", "introduced", "in", "June", "2016", ".", "One", "up", "date", "en", "ab", "led", "us", "ers", "to", "create", "actions", "using", "the", "Contr", "oll", "er", "to", "sw", "itch", "between", "two", "or", "more", "different", "con", "fig", "ur", "ations", "on", "the", "fly", ".", "This", "up", "date", "also", "en", "ab", "led", "the", "ability", "to", "custom", "ize", "the", "mot", "ion", "-", "sens", "ing", "control", "s", "to", "be", "used", "for", "vir", "t", "ual", "re", "ality", "games", ".", "A", "second", "up", "date", "in", "June", "2016", "en", "ab", "led", "but", "ton", "s", "to", "be", "'", "Act", "iv", "ators", "'", "which", "can", "respond", "differ", "ently", "based", "on", "the", "type", "of", "in", "put", "on", "the", "but", "ton", ",", "dist", "ingu", "ish", "ing", "between", "a", "single", "short", "t", "ap", ",", "an", "extended", "hold", ",", "and", "a", "double", "-", "t", "ap", ",", "for", "example", ".", "These", "so", "called", "'", "Act", "iv", "ators", "'", "can", "also", "be", "used", "to", "sim", "ul", "ate", "the", "con", "stant", "hold", "ing", "of", "a", "but", "ton", "with", "a", "single", "press", ",", "such", "as", "often", "used", "for", "the", "action", "of", "cr", "ou", "ch", "ing", "in", "many", "first", "-", "person", "or", "third", "-", "person", "sh", "oo", "ters", ".", "Val", "ve", "after", "wards", "worked", "on", "support", "ing", "similar", "controll", "er", "custom", "ization", "features", "and", "us", "er", "inter", "fac", "es", "to", "other", "comp", "at", "ible", "controll", "ers", ",", "and", "released", "the", "first", "such", "up", "date", "in", "the", "S", "team", "software", "for", "S", "ony", "'", "s", "D", "ual", "Sh", "ock", "4", "controll", "er", "in", "December", "2016", ",", "and", "be", "ta", "support", "for", "other", "controll", "ers", "including", "X", "box", "One", "in", "January", "2017", ".", "Sup", "port", "for", "the", "N", "int", "end", "o", "Sw", "itch", "Pro", "Contr", "oll", "er", "was", "added", "in", "May", "2018", ".", "While", "other", "controll", "ers", "can", "be", "used", "on", "S", "team", "through", "bas", "ic", "operating", "system", "function", "ality", ".", "On", "March", "23", ",", "2016", ",", "Val", "ve", "announced", "it", "would", "be", "public", "ly", "rele", "asing", "computer", "aid", "ed", "design", "ge", "omet", "ry", "for", "the", "S", "team", "controll", "er", ".", "The", "CA", "D", "ge", "omet", "ry", "was", "released", "under", "a", "Cre", "ative", "Common", "s", "lic", "ense", ".", "In", "May", "2018", ",", "Val", "ve", "up", "dated", "the", "controll", "er", "to", "en", "able", "its", "Blue", "to", "oth", "communic", "ations", ",", "allow", "ing", "it", "to", "pair", "with", "m", "obile", "de", "vices", ".", "This", "allows", "the", "controll", "er", "to", "be", "used", "alongside", "the", "S", "team", "L", "ink", "app", "which", "replaced", "S", "team", "L", "ink", "hard", "w", "are", ".", "Re", "le", "ase", "and", "rece", "ption", "The", "S", "team", "Contr", "oll", "er", "was", "public", "ly", "released", "in", "November", "2015", ",", "alongside", "the", "release", "of", "S", "team", "M", "ach", "ines", ".", "By", "June", "2016", ",", "over", "500", ",", "000", "had", "been", "sold", "and", "by", "October", ",", "nearly", "one", "million", "had", "sold", ",", "including", "the", "controll", "ers", "b", "und", "led", "with", "the", "S", "team", "M", "ach", "ines", ".", "In", "October", "2016", ",", "Val", "ve", "dis", "closed", "27", ",", "000", "controll", "ers", "were", "in", "\"", "d", "aily", "active", "use", "\".", "In", "September", "2018", ",", "Val", "ve", "dis", "closed", "new", "fig", "ures", "show", "ing", "approximately", "1", ".", "5", "million", "S", "team", "Contr", "oll", "ers", "have", "connected", "to", "S", "team", ",", "with", "about", "14", "%", "of", "those", "having", "connected", "to", "S", "team", "within", "the", "month", "the", "sur", "vey", "was", "performed", ".", "For", "comp", "ar", "ison", ",", "the", "most", "popular", "controll", "er", "used", "with", "S", "team", "is", "the", "X", "box", "3", "60", "controll", "er", ",", "at", "around", "27", ".", "2", "million", "conne", "ctions", "and", "14", "%", "of", "those", "connected", "within", "the", "month", "of", "the", "sur", "vey", ".", "Val", "ve", "announced", "in", "November", "2019", "that", "it", "had", "dis", "continued", "further", "production", "of", "the", "controll", "er", "and", "sold", "off", "its", "remaining", "inv", "ent", "ory", "at", "a", "significant", "ly", "reduced", "pr", "ice", ".", "I", "ron", "burg", "In", "vent", "ions", "Law", "suit", "A", "law", "suit", "was", "f", "iled", "against", "Val", "ve", "by", "I", "ron", "burg", "In", "vent", "ions", "in", "2020", ",", "ass", "er", "ting", "that", "Val", "ve", "know", "ing", "ly", "had", "viol", "ated", "their", "pat", "ent", "with", "the", "incl", "usion", "of", "the", "re", "ar", "-", "face", "but", "ton", "s", "after", "lear", "ning", "about", "I", "ron", "burg", "'", "s", "pat", "ent", "in", "2014", ".", "The", "j", "ury", "trial", "started", "in", "January", "2021", ".", "The", "j", "ury", "found", "Val", "ve", "had", "will", "fully", "in", "fr", "ing", "ed", "on", "the", "I", "ron", "burg", "pat", "ent", "and", "awarded", "I", "ron", "burg", "in", "base", "dam", "ages", ".", "References", "External", "links", "Contr", "oll", "er", "Game", "p", "ad", "s", "Produ", "cts", "introduced", "in", "2015" ]
[ 24627, 55, 25036, 29414, 24853, 24582, 24593, 69, 24913, 26359, 25436, 29076, 24582, 26656, 24647, 26057, 24961, 24618, 25043, 24651, 27706, 24770, 89, 24998, 27831, 55, 25036, 24584, 28133, 26829, 16, 81, 24616, 28644, 16, 27537, 28402, 16, 25419, 24673, 24844, 25794, 24586, 55, 25036, 28644, 18, 24627, 29076, 24582, 24625, 27018, 24809, 25089, 24618, 25736, 26656, 24618, 29076, 24582, 24640, 24629, 16, 24835, 24762, 24618, 25736, 26717, 24904, 25350, 24651, 25597, 26107, 24596, 81, 25071, 26539, 87, 25165, 24682, 25002, 24995, 24636, 25350, 25172, 24585, 29076, 24582, 18, 24805, 24625, 25385, 24581, 25406, 25611, 25635, 24651, 26057, 24961, 11, 87, 55, 25036, 49, 24769, 24734, 24596, 24913, 26359, 24581, 25406, 25655, 18, 25300, 24590, 25224, 24627, 55, 25036, 29414, 24853, 24582, 27054, 24907, 24691, 24958, 24914, 26059, 84, 24614, 87, 12, 24594, 24644, 26267, 24601, 24585, 25060, 26713, 24757, 24580, 26086, 24606, 28689, 24584, 26757, 25109, 26578, 29076, 24629, 24758, 24596, 25253, 26796, 24835, 24915, 87, 16, 25260, 26489, 16, 26794, 24582, 16, 24596, 25016, 24699, 24696, 24835, 24915, 87, 18, 24627, 26059, 84, 24614, 87, 25915, 29608, 27230, 24828, 24588, 25152, 31, 27329, 27847, 76, 25819, 24595, 59, 25530, 25896, 25916, 24585, 29076, 24582, 25293, 26628, 27628, 25868, 58, 24590, 69, 26057, 24961, 25415, 25775, 16, 24596, 27869, 24682, 24594, 24607, 25030, 24585, 26059, 84, 24614, 24601, 27570, 24585, 81, 25071, 25069, 28510, 16, 26163, 27891, 29695, 25525, 25880, 24585, 29076, 24582, 26199, 26062, 24860, 24596, 88, 24756, 24890, 24828, 24588, 25152, 24594, 24692, 24607, 24747, 25916, 69, 26059, 24861, 18, 27238, 24585, 29076, 24582, 24593, 27018, 24618, 24585, 55, 25036, 49, 24769, 24734, 29476, 16, 24598, 24995, 24762, 24636, 25030, 24651, 55, 25036, 24584, 29837, 29274, 87, 18, 24627, 29076, 24582, 24762, 25922, 25647, 24619, 24876, 24644, 24597, 29378, 24903, 24601, 29847, 24637, 24585, 25050, 25077, 24586, 25397, 24626, 24595, 24585, 29076, 24582, 18, 24627, 29076, 24582, 24593, 25126, 24633, 27018, 24601, 24636, 25030, 25880, 55, 25036, 11, 87, 27381, 29900, 24794, 81, 25987, 31, 24927, 24587, 28624, 24585, 25811, 24601, 26978, 26364, 28320, 27704, 24921, 24618, 25139, 25737, 24772, 24585, 26273, 27054, 24595, 24585, 29076, 24582, 24584, 69, 24726, 17, 25436, 29275, 25260, 24835, 24915, 19, 26059, 84, 24614, 81, 26212, 24599, 24596, 29378, 24598, 29680, 24594, 25173, 24594, 26978, 24599, 24858, 24640, 24629, 11, 24690, 26264, 29076, 24582, 24652, 26912, 24615, 24626, 24601, 25043, 28582, 18, 24627, 55, 25036, 25994, 29791, 45, 28803, 27998, 24618, 25371, 24629, 24601, 27627, 25060, 26364, 28320, 26304, 24939, 24618, 24585, 55, 25036, 29414, 24853, 24582, 25091, 24581, 27381, 29900, 24794, 81, 25987, 18, 27159, 25615, 24595, 27381, 29900, 24794, 81, 25987, 16, 24585, 29076, 24582, 24858, 91, 25279, 26591, 26625, 24594, 69, 27913, 24907, 17, 24606, 24958, 29076, 24582, 16, 25365, 26057, 24961, 26839, 26874, 24584, 24772, 72, 25105, 55, 25036, 24601, 25813, 24600, 24967, 24599, 24585, 27408, 25139, 27381, 29900, 24794, 81, 25987, 24726, 17, 25436, 26304, 24939, 18, 28084, 24627, 25967, 25405, 24595, 24585, 29076, 24582, 24625, 24601, 25915, 69, 28535, 27567, 24581, 24585, 25886, 24595, 24585, 27829, 18, 24627, 28535, 27567, 25084, 24920, 27921, 25692, 69, 81, 25071, 84, 24614, 24596, 25813, 25053, 24601, 27662, 27424, 24682, 29496, 24686, 24809, 25238, 24914, 24584, 29076, 24629, 16, 29260, 28997, 24651, 55, 25036, 24586, 55, 25036, 28644, 24596, 24752, 27773, 24599, 24585, 28535, 27567, 24913, 24755, 27034, 24585, 25053, 11, 24876, 24600, 24845, 24601, 25813, 24710, 24696, 25435, 24595, 24585, 25436, 26443, 72, 25140, 25737, 29511, 24672, 24585, 27567, 18, 25805, 16, 24590, 24585, 25352, 25590, 55, 25036, 29932, 40, 25895, 25775, 16, 26057, 24961, 28985, 25002, 24798, 25570, 27888, 25437, 24585, 28535, 27567, 29032, 24672, 24585, 29076, 24582, 16, 24600, 28009, 26162, 29837, 26489, 24835, 24915, 87, 24601, 24636, 25060, 24770, 24590, 25569, 24651, 29837, 25736, 18, 26057, 24961, 26003, 25172, 25548, 25898, 24833, 24618, 69, 29076, 24582, 24682, 25084, 24636, 24914, 24601, 81, 24634, 24597, 25597, 26107, 24596, 81, 25071, 26539, 87, 16, 25916, 24685, 24601, 28991, 25167, 24651, 23, 40, 28209, 24599, 24601, 25881, 24582, 75, 27509, 24930, 18, 26580, 29679, 24595, 24585, 29076, 24582, 25405, 25922, 69, 26059, 24861, 25184, 24588, 27481, 24581, 24585, 29076, 24582, 24601, 25672, 24649, 24688, 81, 25071, 27636, 25637, 24835, 28984, 27235, 24618, 26059, 84, 24614, 87, 24601, 28271, 25060, 29483, 25868, 27636, 25637, 24601, 25371, 24629, 25260, 24585, 26382, 24601, 25672, 24649, 24688, 24585, 26666, 24602, 24595, 26059, 24861, 24647, 26059, 24599, 69, 74, 29487, 11, 87, 26666, 24602, 24584, 24585, 26059, 84, 24614, 18, 24627, 26059, 84, 24614, 87, 24596, 29076, 24582, 25405, 24747, 25167, 24601, 24931, 24634, 25662, 24585, 28901, 24595, 25062, 24756, 24682, 69, 25811, 11, 87, 24580, 26086, 87, 25084, 24920, 24584, 24585, 26059, 84, 24614, 25091, 25771, 24599, 24585, 27829, 18, 24906, 24644, 26267, 24601, 24862, 28809, 24618, 24585, 55, 25036, 49, 24769, 24734, 24601, 24636, 26073, 24647, 27827, 25859, 17, 28769, 16, 26057, 24961, 29072, 24601, 24636, 24585, 25165, 24604, 27417, 24595, 24585, 55, 25036, 29414, 24853, 24582, 31, 26057, 24961, 11, 87, 29005, 25287, 28216, 27177, 24682, 24927, 27989, 24625, 25413, 24584, 24769, 24716, 27409, 24585, 26066, 29223, 24626, 24595, 24585, 29414, 24853, 24582, 24596, 26057, 24961, 11, 87, 25390, 24618, 24585, 24650, 26192, 16, 24809, 24599, 24682, 6, 24887, 25671, 82, 4998, 88, 24580, 26224, 24682, 24598, 24625, 24600, 24904, 27871, 24601, 24636, 27333, 24601, 26615, 27171, 24585, 25405, 24618, 27696, 24905, 24596, 24585, 27652, 24599, 24595, 24585, 29076, 24582, 24581, 69, 24968, 24682, 25084, 25813, 25859, 28769, 24601, 26294, 24672, 24640, 24583, 28661, 24586, 69, 24600, 25947, 25405, 24596, 28385, 24598, 24601, 26915, 27778, 28940, 25157, 26057, 24961, 25671, 24691, 24592, 27877, 24682, 25002, 25084, 25383, 24772, 28162, 24833, 24618, 25859, 17, 26460, 29076, 24629, 24601, 24636, 26656, 12, 24763, 24625, 28736, 25242, 24633, 24594, 24595, 25317, 25600, 24874, 16, 26057, 24961, 24625, 26609, 24651, 28794, 92, 24619, 27348, 24597, 24594, 26941, 25315, 24581, 27124, 25078, 29996, 29409, 24961, 16, 27894, 24601, 24594, 25796, 25644, 24585, 28078, 25675, 31, 78, 24834, 24599, 24633, 16, 24585, 28078, 25675, 24920, 24948, 26207, 37, 24726, 88, 24794, 27300, 29212, 24599, 16, 24585, 74, 29870, 25684, 24672, 26057, 24961, 11, 87, 26170, 24591, 25268, 16, 24925, 24656, 26729, 25359, 24585, 28891, 25163, 24913, 25777, 24626, 18, 26728, 72, 24855, 26057, 24961, 24808, 84, 26009, 24588, 24767, 24772, 72, 24855, 25661, 24588, 24590, 28978, 24640, 24582, 29483, 24782, 26382, 18, 26057, 24961, 24808, 27220, 29462, 26767, 24601, 24585, 29076, 24582, 11, 87, 25238, 24662, 26981, 25413, 24584, 25242, 24828, 24588, 25152, 25528, 24783, 26703, 16, 25260, 27595, 24596, 25661, 24599, 26539, 87, 28768, 28107, 25916, 24783, 24581, 25023, 25647, 24619, 24876, 25226, 16, 24585, 26382, 24601, 24664, 24628, 26065, 27424, 24682, 24587, 24914, 25069, 28510, 27595, 28011, 24601, 27457, 29925, 24584, 69, 57, 45, 12, 25221, 24594, 24601, 24710, 24696, 24649, 24688, 69, 25436, 11, 87, 24931, 77, 17, 29687, 24758, 69, 28503, 17, 26978, 25190, 24772, 24618, 25009, 27061, 87, 24682, 24995, 24756, 26473, 24601, 27780, 24801, 25312, 24618, 25597, 26107, 17, 24596, 17, 81, 25071, 25736, 16, 24691, 28739, 17, 25413, 29076, 24582, 24652, 26912, 24615, 24626, 87, 25723, 16, 24596, 25983, 24618, 25946, 17, 55, 25036, 25736, 24682, 24858, 91, 25279, 24995, 24636, 25350, 25172, 24585, 55, 25036, 27039, 27773, 18, 24779, 25452, 24772, 72, 24855, 24747, 27146, 24581, 25347, 25600, 18, 25954, 24772, 27478, 24587, 24662, 25121, 24640, 24629, 24601, 28212, 27424, 25916, 24585, 29414, 24853, 24582, 24601, 26106, 26037, 25142, 24907, 24586, 25060, 26035, 24652, 26912, 24615, 24833, 24584, 24585, 29410, 18, 25111, 24772, 27478, 24762, 24587, 24662, 25121, 24585, 26382, 24601, 29483, 25662, 24585, 26666, 24602, 17, 29378, 24599, 26539, 87, 24601, 24636, 25030, 24618, 26006, 88, 25132, 24600, 25637, 25736, 18, 37, 25179, 24772, 27478, 24581, 25347, 25600, 24587, 24662, 25121, 24835, 24915, 87, 24601, 24636, 11, 25928, 24622, 26323, 11, 24763, 24995, 27642, 25932, 25576, 25413, 24584, 24585, 26747, 24595, 24581, 25837, 24584, 24585, 24835, 24915, 16, 26079, 28214, 24679, 24599, 25142, 69, 25789, 25903, 88, 24654, 16, 24583, 28747, 25771, 16, 24596, 69, 28605, 17, 88, 24654, 16, 24618, 26919, 18, 26370, 25165, 25446, 11, 25928, 24622, 26323, 11, 24995, 24762, 24636, 25030, 24601, 25672, 24649, 24688, 24585, 24652, 27505, 25771, 24599, 24595, 69, 24835, 24915, 24651, 69, 25789, 25415, 16, 25221, 24594, 26133, 25030, 24618, 24585, 26146, 24595, 24810, 24603, 24610, 24599, 24581, 25160, 24818, 17, 25560, 24586, 25859, 17, 25560, 24690, 27340, 24998, 18, 26057, 24961, 24942, 26165, 26245, 24584, 25983, 24599, 26473, 29076, 24582, 29483, 25868, 27054, 24596, 24640, 24582, 25033, 25678, 24589, 24601, 24858, 24770, 24590, 25569, 29076, 24629, 16, 24596, 25385, 24585, 24818, 25221, 24772, 27478, 24581, 24585, 55, 25036, 29387, 24618, 55, 25580, 11, 87, 40, 25132, 24950, 25467, 24, 29076, 24582, 24581, 25422, 25600, 16, 24596, 24636, 26191, 25983, 24618, 24858, 29076, 24629, 25260, 60, 26938, 25954, 24581, 25352, 25630, 18, 26968, 24873, 24618, 24585, 50, 24957, 24725, 83, 25504, 26037, 25057, 29414, 24853, 24582, 24625, 27220, 24581, 25176, 25625, 18, 26751, 24858, 29076, 24629, 24995, 24636, 25030, 24584, 55, 25036, 25172, 26253, 24597, 29260, 25490, 27636, 25637, 18, 24964, 25317, 25217, 16, 25600, 16, 26057, 24961, 26091, 24598, 25084, 24636, 25242, 24633, 25118, 27397, 28996, 25282, 24588, 25405, 24721, 26544, 25064, 24618, 24585, 55, 25036, 29076, 24582, 18, 24627, 26125, 40, 24721, 26544, 25064, 24625, 25385, 25016, 69, 29404, 25077, 27620, 87, 25020, 26607, 18, 24657, 25176, 25625, 16, 26057, 24961, 24772, 29703, 24585, 29076, 24582, 24601, 24587, 24914, 24783, 27844, 24601, 25584, 28113, 24833, 16, 25813, 24599, 24598, 24601, 27904, 24651, 81, 28886, 24650, 28254, 18, 25111, 29775, 24585, 29076, 24582, 24601, 24636, 25030, 28698, 24585, 55, 25036, 48, 26224, 26212, 24763, 27196, 55, 25036, 48, 26224, 26937, 91, 24686, 18, 24693, 24604, 24963, 24596, 25325, 28082, 24627, 55, 25036, 29414, 24853, 24582, 24625, 25242, 24633, 25385, 24581, 25406, 25611, 16, 28698, 24585, 26627, 24595, 55, 25036, 49, 24769, 25675, 18, 25920, 25347, 25600, 16, 24752, 27452, 16, 25348, 24798, 24948, 26090, 24596, 24647, 25336, 16, 28916, 24748, 26016, 24798, 26090, 16, 25260, 24585, 29076, 24629, 70, 25324, 25121, 24651, 24585, 55, 25036, 49, 24769, 25675, 18, 24657, 25336, 25600, 16, 26057, 24961, 24913, 27216, 25563, 16, 25348, 29076, 24629, 24747, 24581, 6, 72, 28391, 26764, 25043, 25157, 24657, 25322, 25625, 16, 26057, 24961, 24913, 27216, 24983, 26912, 25224, 25339, 24599, 27788, 21, 18, 25, 26016, 55, 25036, 29414, 24853, 24629, 24920, 29578, 24601, 55, 25036, 16, 24651, 25150, 25129, 9, 24595, 26055, 26296, 29578, 24601, 55, 25036, 25880, 24585, 27487, 24585, 25281, 27162, 24625, 26914, 18, 25056, 24770, 24592, 25670, 16, 24585, 25066, 26383, 29076, 24582, 25030, 24651, 55, 25036, 24593, 24585, 60, 26938, 23, 26366, 29076, 24582, 16, 24590, 25787, 25563, 18, 22, 26016, 26470, 25509, 24596, 25129, 9, 24595, 26055, 29578, 25880, 24585, 27487, 24595, 24585, 25281, 27162, 18, 26057, 24961, 26091, 24581, 25406, 25655, 24682, 24598, 24798, 24913, 26359, 26629, 26193, 24595, 24585, 29076, 24582, 24596, 26090, 24894, 24783, 28543, 25212, 24609, 24817, 24590, 69, 27122, 24633, 29763, 24666, 24811, 18, 45, 25617, 26324, 24657, 25519, 24921, 26347, 28313, 37, 25539, 28313, 24625, 74, 28187, 25296, 26057, 24961, 24647, 45, 25617, 26324, 24657, 25519, 24921, 24581, 25642, 16, 24732, 24582, 25737, 24682, 26057, 24961, 27389, 24599, 24633, 24798, 26869, 24712, 24862, 25553, 24609, 24651, 24585, 24892, 27879, 24595, 24585, 24600, 24592, 17, 26489, 24835, 24915, 87, 24942, 26429, 25925, 25150, 45, 25617, 26324, 11, 87, 25553, 24609, 24581, 25590, 18, 24627, 78, 24960, 29124, 26213, 24581, 25352, 25785, 18, 24627, 78, 24960, 25096, 26057, 24961, 24798, 25494, 28416, 24581, 24653, 24599, 24588, 24584, 24585, 45, 25617, 26324, 25553, 24609, 24596, 27043, 45, 25617, 26324, 24581, 26447, 26482, 25434, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 29414, 24853, 24582, 27997, 84, 24614, 87, 27298, 26396, 27146, 24581, 25611 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
39872492
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawas%20District
Lawas District
The Lawas District is one of the two districts of Limbang Division, Malaysia. The major town is Lawas. The district area is 3,811.90 square kilometres, and population (year 2020 census) was 46,200. 3 Sub-District in Lawas is divided into Lawas Sub-District, Sundar Sub-District and Trusan Sub-District. References External links Laman Web Rasmi Majlis Daerah Lawas Brunei–Malaysia border crossings Brunei–Malaysia border
[ "The", "La", "was", "District", "is", "one", "of", "the", "two", "districts", "of", "Lim", "b", "ang", "Division", ",", "Malays", "ia", ".", "The", "major", "town", "is", "La", "was", ".", "The", "district", "area", "is", "3", ",", "8", "11", ".", "90", "square", "k", "il", "omet", "res", ",", "and", "population", "(", "year", "2020", "census", ")", "was", "46", ",", "200", ".", "3", "Sub", "-", "District", "in", "La", "was", "is", "divided", "into", "La", "was", "Sub", "-", "District", ",", "S", "und", "ar", "Sub", "-", "District", "and", "Tr", "us", "an", "Sub", "-", "District", ".", "References", "External", "links", "Lam", "an", "Web", "R", "as", "mi", "M", "aj", "l", "is", "D", "a", "er", "ah", "La", "was", "Br", "une", "i", "–", "Malays", "ia", "border", "cross", "ings", "Br", "une", "i", "–", "Malays", "ia", "border" ]
[ 24627, 25760, 24625, 25730, 24593, 24748, 24595, 24585, 24907, 29334, 24595, 28024, 70, 24822, 26141, 16, 29208, 24677, 18, 24627, 25744, 25305, 24593, 25760, 24625, 18, 24627, 25906, 25450, 24593, 23, 16, 28, 25267, 18, 26866, 29618, 79, 24608, 26544, 24753, 16, 24596, 25755, 12, 24854, 25642, 27411, 13, 24625, 27817, 16, 24706, 18, 23, 27040, 17, 25730, 24581, 25760, 24625, 24593, 28887, 25000, 25760, 24625, 27040, 17, 25730, 16, 55, 25324, 24592, 27040, 17, 25730, 24596, 25024, 24640, 24583, 27040, 17, 25730, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 29916, 24583, 28461, 54, 24594, 29806, 49, 25075, 80, 24593, 40, 69, 24582, 24966, 25760, 24625, 24980, 25178, 77, 4992, 29208, 24677, 28337, 27101, 24939, 24980, 25178, 77, 4992, 29208, 24677, 28337 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
23532707
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baluarte%20River
Baluarte River
The Baluarte River, (Rio del Baluarte) is a river of Mexico in the states of Durango and Sinaloa, traversing 142 km, part of which forms the border between these two states. The river drains to the Pacific Ocean with a basin of . The portion of the river, near Concordia in Sinaloa, is spanned by the Durango–Mazatlán highway via the Baluarte Bridge - the highest cable-stayed bridge in the world. See also List of rivers of Mexico List of rivers of the Americas by coastline References Atlas of Mexico, 1975 (http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/atlas_mexico/river_basins.jpg). Rivers of Sinaloa Rivers of Mexico
[ "The", "Bal", "u", "art", "e", "River", ",", "(", "R", "io", "del", "Bal", "u", "art", "e", ")", "is", "a", "river", "of", "Mexico", "in", "the", "states", "of", "Dur", "ang", "o", "and", "S", "inal", "o", "a", ",", "trav", "ers", "ing", "14", "2", "km", ",", "part", "of", "which", "forms", "the", "border", "between", "these", "two", "states", ".", "The", "river", "dr", "ains", "to", "the", "Pacific", "Ocean", "with", "a", "bas", "in", "of", ".", "The", "portion", "of", "the", "river", ",", "near", "Con", "cord", "ia", "in", "S", "inal", "o", "a", ",", "is", "sp", "ann", "ed", "by", "the", "Dur", "ang", "o", "–", "M", "az", "at", "l", "án", "high", "way", "via", "the", "Bal", "u", "art", "e", "Bridge", "-", "the", "highest", "c", "able", "-", "st", "ayed", "bridge", "in", "the", "world", ".", "See", "also", "List", "of", "r", "ivers", "of", "Mexico", "List", "of", "r", "ivers", "of", "the", "Amer", "ic", "as", "by", "coast", "line", "References", "Atl", "as", "of", "Mexico", ",", "1975", "(", "htt", "p", "://", "www", ".", "l", "ib", ".", "ut", "ex", "as", ".", "ed", "u", "/", "m", "aps", "/", "at", "l", "as", "_", "m", "ex", "ico", "/", "river", "_", "bas", "ins", ".", "j", "p", "g", ").", "R", "ivers", "of", "S", "inal", "o", "a", "R", "ivers", "of", "Mexico" ]
[ 24627, 26358, 89, 24673, 73, 25910, 16, 12, 54, 24860, 25977, 26358, 89, 24673, 73, 13, 24593, 69, 27483, 24595, 27113, 24581, 24585, 27221, 24595, 29436, 24822, 83, 24596, 55, 28126, 83, 69, 16, 26618, 24629, 24599, 25129, 22, 26020, 16, 24791, 24595, 24763, 26769, 24585, 28337, 25142, 25639, 24907, 27221, 18, 24627, 27483, 24815, 27364, 24601, 24585, 27726, 29472, 24651, 69, 26253, 24581, 24595, 18, 24627, 29187, 24595, 24585, 27483, 16, 25532, 24924, 24917, 24677, 24581, 55, 28126, 83, 69, 16, 24593, 24878, 24910, 24588, 24647, 24585, 29436, 24822, 83, 4992, 49, 25022, 24590, 80, 27822, 25153, 24968, 26851, 24585, 26358, 89, 24673, 73, 28965, 17, 24585, 27794, 71, 24914, 17, 24606, 27882, 26555, 24581, 24585, 25750, 18, 25404, 24762, 25831, 24595, 86, 24877, 24595, 27113, 25831, 24595, 86, 24877, 24595, 24585, 24825, 24597, 24594, 24647, 27768, 25315, 24838, 26952, 24594, 24595, 27113, 16, 27160, 12, 28760, 84, 28765, 29880, 18, 80, 24751, 18, 24660, 24707, 24594, 18, 24588, 89, 19, 81, 27152, 19, 24590, 80, 24594, 67, 81, 24707, 25942, 19, 27483, 67, 26253, 25080, 18, 78, 84, 75, 24874, 54, 24877, 24595, 55, 28126, 83, 69, 54, 24877, 24595, 27113 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
53008278
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penthea%20adamsae
Penthea adamsae
Penthea adamsae is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by McKeown in 1938. It is known from Australia. References Pteropliini Beetles described in 1938
[ "Pen", "the", "a", "ad", "am", "s", "ae", "is", "a", "species", "of", "be", "et", "le", "in", "the", "family", "Cer", "am", "by", "c", "idae", ".", "It", "was", "described", "by", "Mc", "Ke", "own", "in", "1938", ".", "It", "is", "known", "from", "Australia", ".", "References", "P", "ter", "op", "li", "ini", "Be", "et", "les", "described", "in", "1938" ]
[ 28344, 24585, 69, 24614, 24611, 87, 25299, 24593, 69, 25752, 24595, 24636, 24645, 24604, 24581, 24585, 25334, 29524, 24611, 24647, 71, 26724, 18, 24805, 24625, 25896, 24647, 25629, 26434, 24781, 24581, 28398, 18, 24805, 24593, 25137, 24672, 25938, 18, 24838, 52, 24621, 24644, 24952, 26897, 25133, 24645, 24928, 25896, 24581, 28398 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
177095
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord%20Invader
Lord Invader
Lord Invader (Rupert Westmore Grant; 13 December 1914 – 15 October 1961) was a prominent calypsonian with a very distinctive, gravelly voice. He was born in San Fernando, Trinidad. He became active in calypso in the mid-1930s, and was considered a country bumpkin by his contemporaries, because of his humble beginning. It was Grant's tailor who gave him his moniker by commenting, "I tell you, Rupert, you should call yourself Lord Invader so when you go up to the city you be invadin' the capital." With a new name, in 1937 he went to the capital city of Port of Spain and began his career in earnest. He competed in many calypso competitions (including the very first Calypso King competition) and recorded for RCA Bluebird. Lured by Decca Records, he travelled to New York City in 1941 with other calypsonians such as Roaring Lion and Atilla the Hun to make records and promote calypso music. He wrote many calypsos; his most famous lyrics, "Rum and Coca-Cola", were plagiarised by Morey Amsterdam and became a hit for the Andrews Sisters. Invader travelled to New York and sued, eventually winning compensation, although the final settlement allowed Amsterdam to retain his copyright. In the early 1940s, radio stations in the USA refused to play his own version on the grounds of its using the trademarked name, Coca-Cola, and its references to prostitution and alcohol. He stayed in New York for a few years because of the lengthy court case. During his tenure in New York City, he became a fixture in the local calypso scene and recorded many tracks for Moses Asch. Eventually, he won his court case, but did not receive his settlement check for seven years, so he returned to Trinidad in the meantime. He opened a calypso club there and penned and recorded many original songs. He is often credited with writing "Zombie Jamboree", although the song was actually written by Lord Intruder (Winston O'Conner), who released it on the B-side of his 1953 single "Disaster with Police". It was covered by Conrad Eugene Mauge Jr, who recorded it in 1959 and was also often credited for writing it. The confusion probably stems from the introduction of the version by the Kingston Trio, which mentions "Lord Invader and his Twelve Penetrators". At long last, Invader collected his money from his court case, and began to tour the U.S., later expanding to Britain and Europe. In the last half of 1958, he returned to New York City and continued recording for Moses Asch. He continued to return to his homeland for business and pleasure, although he had, with Wilmoth Houdini, made himself one of America's most successful calypsonians. On 15 October 1961, Lord Invader died at a Brooklyn, New York hospital. The following discs give a good idea of his work: Calypso in New York (Smithsonian Folkways 40454), released in 2000, is a collection of Invader's recordings across his whole career. Calypso at Midnight and Calypso After Midnight come from a live recording organized by Alan Lomax in New York in 1946. Calypso War, Kings of Calypso, and Trojan Calypso boxed set all feature the same set of songs recorded in the United Kingdom in the 1950s. Folkways Records also have a number of CDs that Invader recorded in the late 1950s in New York, including, Calypso (1955), Calypso Travels, and There's a Brown Boy in the Ring and Other Children's Calypso Songs (1959). In 1961, Invader released an atypical LP, West Indian Folk Songs for Children (Caedmon Records). See also Mighty Sparrow Lord Kitchener List of calypsos with sociopolitical influences References External links Lord Invader at Smithsonian Folkways Invader Discography at Smithsonian Folkways 1914 births 1962 deaths Calypsonians 20th-century Trinidad and Tobago male singers 20th-century Trinidad and Tobago singers People from San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago
[ "Lord", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "(", "Ru", "per", "t", "West", "more", "Gr", "ant", ";", "13", "December", "1914", "–", "15", "October", "1961", ")", "was", "a", "prominent", "cal", "y", "pson", "ian", "with", "a", "very", "distin", "ctive", ",", "gr", "avel", "ly", "voice", ".", "He", "was", "born", "in", "San", "F", "ern", "and", "o", ",", "Tr", "in", "id", "ad", ".", "He", "became", "active", "in", "cal", "y", "p", "so", "in", "the", "mid", "-", "193", "0s", ",", "and", "was", "considered", "a", "country", "bum", "p", "kin", "by", "his", "contem", "por", "aries", ",", "because", "of", "his", "hum", "ble", "beginning", ".", "It", "was", "Gr", "ant", "'", "s", "t", "ail", "or", "who", "gave", "him", "his", "mon", "ik", "er", "by", "comment", "ing", ",", "\"", "I", "tell", "you", ",", "Ru", "per", "t", ",", "you", "should", "call", "y", "our", "self", "Lord", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "so", "when", "you", "go", "up", "to", "the", "city", "you", "be", "inv", "ad", "in", "'", "the", "capital", ".\"", "With", "a", "new", "name", ",", "in", "1937", "he", "went", "to", "the", "capital", "city", "of", "Port", "of", "Spain", "and", "began", "his", "career", "in", "ear", "n", "est", ".", "He", "competed", "in", "many", "cal", "y", "p", "so", "compet", "itions", "(", "including", "the", "very", "first", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", "King", "competition", ")", "and", "recorded", "for", "R", "CA", "Blue", "bir", "d", ".", "L", "ured", "by", "Dec", "ca", "Records", ",", "he", "trav", "elled", "to", "New", "York", "City", "in", "1941", "with", "other", "cal", "y", "pson", "ians", "such", "as", "Ro", "aring", "L", "ion", "and", "At", "illa", "the", "Hun", "to", "make", "records", "and", "promot", "e", "cal", "y", "p", "so", "music", ".", "He", "wrote", "many", "cal", "y", "ps", "os", ";", "his", "most", "famous", "ly", "rics", ",", "\"", "R", "um", "and", "C", "oc", "a", "-", "Col", "a", "\",", "were", "pl", "ag", "i", "ar", "ised", "by", "More", "y", "Am", "ster", "dam", "and", "became", "a", "hit", "for", "the", "Andrew", "s", "S", "isters", ".", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "trav", "elled", "to", "New", "York", "and", "su", "ed", ",", "eventually", "winning", "comp", "ens", "ation", ",", "although", "the", "final", "settlement", "allowed", "Am", "ster", "dam", "to", "re", "tain", "his", "cop", "y", "right", ".", "In", "the", "early", "194", "0s", ",", "radio", "stations", "in", "the", "USA", "ref", "used", "to", "play", "his", "own", "version", "on", "the", "ground", "s", "of", "its", "using", "the", "tr", "adem", "ark", "ed", "name", ",", "C", "oc", "a", "-", "Col", "a", ",", "and", "its", "re", "ferences", "to", "pro", "stitution", "and", "al", "co", "hol", ".", "He", "st", "ayed", "in", "New", "York", "for", "a", "few", "years", "because", "of", "the", "length", "y", "court", "case", ".", "During", "his", "ten", "ure", "in", "New", "York", "City", ",", "he", "became", "a", "fix", "t", "ure", "in", "the", "local", "cal", "y", "p", "so", "scene", "and", "recorded", "many", "tracks", "for", "Mos", "es", "As", "ch", ".", "E", "vent", "ually", ",", "he", "won", "his", "court", "case", ",", "but", "did", "not", "receive", "his", "settlement", "che", "ck", "for", "seven", "years", ",", "so", "he", "returned", "to", "Tr", "in", "id", "ad", "in", "the", "me", "ant", "ime", ".", "He", "opened", "a", "cal", "y", "p", "so", "club", "there", "and", "p", "enn", "ed", "and", "recorded", "many", "original", "songs", ".", "He", "is", "often", "credited", "with", "writing", "\"", "Z", "omb", "ie", "J", "amb", "ore", "e", "\",", "although", "the", "song", "was", "act", "ually", "written", "by", "Lord", "In", "tr", "ud", "er", "(", "Win", "ston", "O", "'", "Con", "ner", "),", "who", "released", "it", "on", "the", "B", "-", "side", "of", "his", "1953", "single", "\"", "Dis", "aster", "with", "Police", "\".", "It", "was", "covered", "by", "Con", "rad", "E", "ug", "ene", "M", "au", "ge", "Jr", ",", "who", "recorded", "it", "in", "1959", "and", "was", "also", "often", "credited", "for", "writing", "it", ".", "The", "conf", "usion", "probably", "stem", "s", "from", "the", "introdu", "ction", "of", "the", "version", "by", "the", "King", "ston", "Tr", "io", ",", "which", "ment", "ions", "\"", "Lord", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "and", "his", "Tw", "el", "ve", "Pen", "et", "r", "ators", "\".", "At", "long", "last", ",", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "col", "lected", "his", "money", "from", "his", "court", "case", ",", "and", "began", "to", "tour", "the", "U", ".", "S", ".,", "later", "exp", "and", "ing", "to", "Britain", "and", "Europe", ".", "In", "the", "last", "half", "of", "1958", ",", "he", "returned", "to", "New", "York", "City", "and", "continued", "recording", "for", "Mos", "es", "As", "ch", ".", "He", "continued", "to", "return", "to", "his", "hom", "el", "and", "for", "business", "and", "ple", "as", "ure", ",", "although", "he", "had", ",", "with", "W", "ilm", "oth", "H", "oud", "ini", ",", "made", "himself", "one", "of", "America", "'", "s", "most", "successful", "cal", "y", "pson", "ians", ".", "On", "15", "October", "1961", ",", "Lord", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "died", "at", "a", "Brook", "lyn", ",", "New", "York", "hospital", ".", "The", "following", "disc", "s", "give", "a", "good", "idea", "of", "his", "work", ":", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", "in", "New", "York", "(", "Smith", "son", "ian", "F", "olk", "ways", "40", "45", "4", "),", "released", "in", "2000", ",", "is", "a", "collection", "of", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "'", "s", "record", "ings", "across", "his", "whole", "career", ".", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", "at", "Mid", "night", "and", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", "After", "Mid", "night", "come", "from", "a", "live", "recording", "organized", "by", "Al", "an", "L", "om", "ax", "in", "New", "York", "in", "1946", ".", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", "War", ",", "K", "ings", "of", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", ",", "and", "Tro", "jan", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", "box", "ed", "set", "all", "feature", "the", "same", "set", "of", "songs", "recorded", "in", "the", "United", "Kingdom", "in", "the", "1950s", ".", "F", "olk", "ways", "Records", "also", "have", "a", "number", "of", "CD", "s", "that", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "recorded", "in", "the", "late", "1950s", "in", "New", "York", ",", "including", ",", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", "(", "1955", "),", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", "Tr", "av", "els", ",", "and", "There", "'", "s", "a", "Brown", "Boy", "in", "the", "R", "ing", "and", "Other", "Children", "'", "s", "Cal", "y", "p", "so", "Songs", "(", "1959", ").", "In", "1961", ",", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "released", "an", "at", "y", "p", "ical", "LP", ",", "West", "Indian", "F", "olk", "Songs", "for", "Children", "(", "Ca", "ed", "mon", "Records", ").", "See", "also", "M", "ight", "y", "S", "par", "row", "Lord", "K", "itch", "en", "er", "List", "of", "cal", "y", "ps", "os", "with", "soci", "op", "ol", "it", "ical", "influ", "ences", "References", "External", "links", "Lord", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "at", "Smith", "son", "ian", "F", "olk", "ways", "In", "v", "ad", "er", "Dis", "co", "graphy", "at", "Smith", "son", "ian", "F", "olk", "ways", "1914", "births", "1962", "deaths", "Cal", "y", "pson", "ians", "20th", "-", "century", "Tr", "in", "id", "ad", "and", "T", "ob", "ago", "male", "sing", "ers", "20th", "-", "century", "Tr", "in", "id", "ad", "and", "T", "ob", "ago", "sing", "ers", "People", "from", "San", "F", "ern", "and", "o", ",", "Tr", "in", "id", "ad", "and", "T", "ob", "ago" ]
[ 27510, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 12, 27436, 24726, 88, 25526, 25060, 25014, 24738, 31, 25143, 25422, 28701, 4992, 25018, 25336, 27802, 13, 24625, 69, 29198, 26775, 93, 29755, 24669, 24651, 69, 25878, 28767, 27767, 16, 24699, 29702, 24633, 28720, 18, 24736, 24625, 25049, 24581, 25740, 42, 25369, 24596, 83, 16, 25024, 24581, 24630, 24614, 18, 24736, 25244, 26764, 24581, 26775, 93, 84, 25165, 24581, 24585, 25884, 17, 25081, 25219, 16, 24596, 24625, 26603, 69, 26052, 25106, 84, 27645, 24647, 24684, 28805, 24729, 26868, 16, 25936, 24595, 24684, 25979, 25644, 27790, 18, 24805, 24625, 25014, 24738, 11, 87, 88, 24916, 24586, 24831, 26971, 25047, 24684, 24981, 25054, 24582, 24647, 28627, 24599, 16, 6, 45, 27668, 27065, 16, 27436, 24726, 88, 16, 27065, 26794, 25230, 93, 24714, 25965, 27510, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 25165, 25091, 27065, 25192, 24772, 24601, 24585, 25491, 27065, 24636, 25212, 24614, 24581, 11, 24585, 27447, 25215, 26137, 69, 24983, 25364, 16, 24581, 28476, 24607, 26003, 24601, 24585, 27447, 25491, 24595, 26170, 24595, 27471, 24596, 25623, 24684, 25513, 24581, 24717, 82, 24655, 18, 24736, 28170, 24581, 25160, 26775, 93, 84, 25165, 25574, 25876, 12, 25260, 24585, 25878, 24818, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 25478, 27206, 13, 24596, 26507, 24618, 54, 26125, 27844, 25120, 72, 18, 48, 25638, 24647, 25319, 25656, 26545, 16, 24607, 26618, 28660, 24601, 24871, 25288, 25440, 24581, 27943, 24651, 24858, 26775, 93, 29755, 25297, 25221, 24594, 25125, 27720, 48, 24602, 24596, 25197, 28455, 24585, 28865, 24601, 26127, 28458, 24596, 26284, 73, 26775, 93, 84, 25165, 25331, 18, 24736, 26299, 25160, 26775, 93, 25909, 24674, 31, 24684, 25066, 28211, 24633, 29417, 16, 6, 54, 24656, 24596, 39, 24670, 69, 17, 24997, 69, 25243, 24747, 24659, 24638, 77, 24592, 25719, 24647, 28651, 93, 25417, 26044, 26482, 24596, 25244, 69, 27350, 24618, 24585, 28269, 87, 55, 28015, 18, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 26618, 28660, 24601, 24871, 25288, 24596, 24701, 24588, 16, 27235, 27099, 24770, 24845, 24626, 16, 26893, 24585, 25738, 29177, 27702, 25417, 26044, 26482, 24601, 24600, 24967, 24684, 26676, 93, 25459, 18, 24657, 24585, 25551, 24987, 25219, 16, 26879, 26838, 24581, 24585, 28382, 25911, 25030, 24601, 24755, 24684, 24781, 26147, 24584, 24585, 25479, 87, 24595, 24783, 25916, 24585, 24664, 25652, 24944, 24588, 25364, 16, 39, 24670, 69, 17, 24997, 69, 16, 24596, 24783, 24600, 24827, 24601, 24685, 27486, 24596, 24591, 24869, 26547, 18, 24736, 24606, 27882, 24581, 24871, 25288, 24618, 69, 26375, 25100, 25936, 24595, 24585, 27663, 93, 26906, 26464, 18, 25867, 24684, 25026, 24794, 24581, 24871, 25288, 25440, 16, 24607, 25244, 69, 29163, 88, 24794, 24581, 24585, 25763, 26775, 93, 84, 25165, 29081, 24596, 26507, 25160, 27858, 24618, 27336, 24589, 24906, 24610, 18, 41, 25519, 25520, 16, 24607, 25400, 24684, 26906, 26464, 16, 24835, 25671, 24809, 29963, 24684, 29177, 25697, 25188, 24618, 26564, 25100, 16, 25165, 24607, 26355, 24601, 25024, 24581, 24630, 24614, 24581, 24585, 24885, 24738, 24856, 18, 24736, 26274, 69, 26775, 93, 84, 25165, 25559, 25201, 24596, 84, 25187, 24588, 24596, 26507, 25160, 25967, 26384, 18, 24736, 24593, 26133, 28704, 24651, 27281, 6, 62, 26104, 24716, 46, 25875, 24806, 73, 25243, 26893, 24585, 25256, 24625, 24756, 25520, 26084, 24647, 27510, 24657, 24664, 24711, 24582, 12, 28063, 26427, 51, 11, 24924, 25651, 24758, 24831, 25385, 24598, 24584, 24585, 38, 17, 25615, 24595, 24684, 28158, 25789, 6, 26276, 25666, 24651, 28433, 25157, 24805, 24625, 26590, 24647, 24924, 25843, 41, 24880, 25410, 49, 24786, 24721, 28366, 16, 24831, 26507, 24598, 24581, 27889, 24596, 24625, 24762, 26133, 28704, 24618, 27281, 24598, 18, 24627, 27984, 27879, 29484, 25292, 87, 24672, 24585, 26335, 24768, 24595, 24585, 26147, 24647, 24585, 25478, 26427, 25024, 24860, 16, 24763, 24718, 24921, 6, 27510, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 24596, 24684, 26330, 24613, 24961, 28344, 24645, 86, 26323, 25157, 25197, 25444, 25812, 16, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 24908, 26342, 24684, 27907, 24672, 24684, 26906, 26464, 16, 24596, 25623, 24601, 26616, 24585, 57, 18, 55, 25964, 25163, 26201, 24596, 24599, 24601, 27937, 24596, 25506, 18, 24657, 24585, 25812, 26202, 24595, 27876, 16, 24607, 26355, 24601, 24871, 25288, 25440, 24596, 26359, 28221, 24618, 27336, 24589, 24906, 24610, 18, 24736, 26359, 24601, 25534, 24601, 24684, 27207, 24613, 24596, 24618, 26045, 24596, 25603, 24594, 24794, 16, 26893, 24607, 24798, 16, 24651, 59, 24849, 25584, 44, 28739, 26897, 16, 25167, 26821, 24748, 24595, 26185, 11, 87, 25066, 26598, 26775, 93, 29755, 25297, 18, 24964, 25018, 25336, 27802, 16, 27510, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 25727, 24590, 69, 29276, 29065, 16, 24871, 25288, 28527, 18, 24627, 25528, 26538, 87, 28271, 69, 26663, 28661, 24595, 24684, 24918, 30, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 24581, 24871, 25288, 12, 26825, 24951, 24669, 42, 27114, 26308, 25929, 26691, 24, 24758, 25385, 24581, 25807, 16, 24593, 69, 27646, 24595, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 11, 87, 25210, 24939, 26836, 24684, 29080, 25513, 18, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 24590, 26344, 26540, 24596, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 25302, 26344, 26540, 25502, 24672, 69, 26622, 28221, 28757, 24647, 24788, 24583, 48, 24605, 25240, 24581, 24871, 25288, 24581, 27977, 18, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 25209, 16, 47, 24939, 24595, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 16, 24596, 28399, 29324, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 26938, 24588, 25139, 24663, 28102, 24585, 25515, 25139, 24595, 26384, 26507, 24581, 24585, 24994, 26514, 24581, 24585, 29552, 18, 42, 27114, 26308, 26545, 24762, 24920, 69, 25387, 24595, 26896, 87, 24682, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 26507, 24581, 24585, 26075, 29552, 24581, 24871, 25288, 16, 25260, 16, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 12, 28046, 24758, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 25024, 24668, 25354, 16, 24596, 25650, 11, 87, 69, 27250, 27376, 24581, 24585, 54, 24599, 24596, 26594, 29921, 11, 87, 25442, 93, 84, 25165, 28731, 12, 27889, 24874, 24657, 27802, 16, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 25385, 24583, 24590, 93, 84, 24757, 29984, 16, 25526, 25759, 42, 27114, 28731, 24618, 29921, 12, 27875, 24588, 24981, 26545, 24874, 25404, 24762, 49, 24789, 93, 55, 25041, 25032, 27510, 47, 26037, 24587, 24582, 25831, 24595, 26775, 93, 25909, 24674, 24651, 25640, 24644, 24612, 24598, 24757, 26650, 27217, 24838, 25065, 25051, 27510, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 24590, 26825, 24951, 24669, 42, 27114, 26308, 24657, 90, 24614, 24582, 26276, 24869, 25485, 24590, 26825, 24951, 24669, 42, 27114, 26308, 28701, 25393, 27693, 25989, 25442, 93, 29755, 25297, 26025, 17, 25087, 25024, 24581, 24630, 24614, 24596, 56, 24870, 26039, 25985, 25095, 24629, 26025, 17, 25087, 25024, 24581, 24630, 24614, 24596, 56, 24870, 26039, 25095, 24629, 25687, 24672, 25740, 42, 25369, 24596, 83, 16, 25024, 24581, 24630, 24614, 24596, 56, 24870, 26039 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
2185820
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Gables%2C%20Gauteng
The Gables, Gauteng
The Gables is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region F of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality. Johannesburg Region F
[ "The", "G", "ables", "is", "a", "sub", "ur", "b", "of", "Joh", "ann", "es", "burg", ",", "South", "Africa", ".", "It", "is", "located", "in", "Region", "F", "of", "the", "City", "of", "Joh", "ann", "es", "burg", "Metro", "politan", "Municip", "ality", ".", "Joh", "ann", "es", "burg", "Region", "F" ]
[ 24627, 43, 28624, 24593, 69, 25097, 24615, 70, 24595, 29881, 24910, 24589, 26324, 16, 25236, 26665, 18, 24805, 24593, 25616, 24581, 28724, 42, 24595, 24585, 25440, 24595, 29881, 24910, 24589, 26324, 28215, 29287, 28526, 25637, 18, 29881, 24910, 24589, 26324, 28724, 42 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
62437429
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kudroli%20Ganesh
Kudroli Ganesh
Kudroli Ganesh is an Indian magician. Career As a magician, Kudroli Ganesh has won many national and international awards including the first ever Illusion Magic Award. He has held more than 1500 shows in the country including 245 shows in schools. Series Vismaya (meaning: wonder), (completed 10 years as on October 2009) Maya Spatikada Chamatkara (meaning: Magical sphere's wonder) See also Indian magicians List of people from Karnataka References External links On Youtube Living people Indian magicians Artists from Mangalore Year of birth missing (living people) http://www.kudroliganesh.com/
[ "K", "ud", "rol", "i", "G", "an", "esh", "is", "an", "Indian", "mag", "ic", "ian", ".", "Career", "As", "a", "mag", "ic", "ian", ",", "K", "ud", "rol", "i", "G", "an", "esh", "has", "won", "many", "national", "and", "international", "awards", "including", "the", "first", "ever", "Il", "l", "usion", "Mag", "ic", "Award", ".", "He", "has", "held", "more", "than", "15", "00", "shows", "in", "the", "country", "including", "24", "5", "shows", "in", "schools", ".", "Series", "V", "ism", "aya", "(", "meaning", ":", "won", "der", "),", "(", "completed", "10", "years", "as", "on", "October", "2009", ")", "May", "a", "Sp", "at", "ik", "ada", "Ch", "am", "at", "k", "ara", "(", "meaning", ":", "Mag", "ical", "s", "ph", "ere", "'", "s", "won", "der", ")", "See", "also", "Indian", "mag", "ic", "ians", "List", "of", "people", "from", "Kar", "nat", "aka", "References", "External", "links", "On", "Y", "out", "ube", "Living", "people", "Indian", "mag", "ic", "ians", "Art", "ists", "from", "M", "ang", "al", "ore", "Year", "of", "birth", "missing", "(", "living", "people", ")", "htt", "p", "://", "www", ".", "k", "ud", "rol", "igan", "esh", ".", "com", "/" ]
[ 47, 24711, 27366, 77, 43, 24583, 26297, 24593, 24583, 25759, 25984, 24597, 24669, 18, 27033, 24906, 69, 25984, 24597, 24669, 16, 47, 24711, 27366, 77, 43, 24583, 26297, 24808, 25400, 25160, 25743, 24596, 26101, 28484, 25260, 24585, 24818, 25034, 26472, 80, 27879, 26282, 24597, 25482, 18, 24736, 24808, 25605, 25060, 25208, 25018, 24799, 27023, 24581, 24585, 26052, 25260, 25384, 25, 27023, 24581, 26799, 18, 27331, 58, 25284, 27945, 12, 28453, 30, 25400, 24795, 24758, 12, 26534, 24975, 25100, 24594, 24584, 25336, 25531, 13, 25176, 69, 25175, 24590, 25054, 27015, 24698, 24611, 24590, 79, 25956, 12, 28453, 30, 26282, 24757, 87, 24844, 24671, 11, 87, 25400, 24795, 13, 25404, 24762, 25759, 25984, 24597, 25297, 25831, 24595, 24941, 24672, 26440, 26686, 27591, 24838, 25065, 25051, 24964, 61, 24767, 28419, 25766, 24941, 25759, 25984, 24597, 25297, 25680, 25006, 24672, 49, 24822, 24591, 24806, 26099, 24595, 26653, 27386, 12, 26283, 24941, 13, 28760, 84, 28765, 29880, 18, 79, 24711, 27366, 27035, 26297, 18, 24665, 19 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
22209837
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus%20Hofreiter
Nikolaus Hofreiter
Nikolaus Hofreiter (8 May 1904 – 23 January 1990) was an Austrian mathematician who worked mainly in number theory. Biography Hofreiter went to school in Linz and studied from 1923 in Vienna with Hans Hahn, Wilhelm Wirtinger, Emil Müller at the Technische Universität Wien on descriptive geometry, and Philipp Furtwängler, with whom he obtained his doctorate in 1927 on the reduction theory of quadratic forms (Eine neue Reduktionstheorie für definite quadratische Formen). In 1928 he passed the Lehramtsprüfung examination and completed the probationary year as a teacher in Vienna, but then returned to the university (first as a scientific assistant at the TU Vienna) where in 1929 he was assistant to Furtwängler and then habilitated in 1933. He was even then an excellent teacher, and gave lectures not only in Vienna but also in Graz. His dissertation and habilitation thesis dealt with the reduction theory of quadratic forms, which Gauss, Charles Hermite and Hermann Minkowski had worked on previously. Hofreiter treated the case of four variables of a problem of Minkowski (Minkowski had solved the problem for two variables, while Robert Remak had solved it for three variables) on the product of inhomogeneous linear forms and achieved significant progress. The complete solution was only found 15 years later (and the general case is still unresolved). In 1934, he proved the existence of infinitely many real quadratic number fields without a Euclidean algorithm. In addition, he dealt with the geometry of numbers and Diophantine approximation. In 1939, he was an associate professor and married the mathematician Margarete Dostalík (1912-2013). She was also a student of Furtwängler and did important work on algebraic equations and was working as a meteorologist in Berlin at the time. During the Second World War, he moved from Vienna and was a little later at the Hermann Goering Aviation Research Institute in Braunschweig, where his colleagues Wolfgang Gröbner from Vienna, Bernhard Baule from Graz, Ernst Peschl and Josef Laub were already working. Through his work there, together with Gröbner, he started a table of integrals. The first volume, on indefinite integrals, was published by Notdruck (Braunschweig) in 1944 and by Springer in 1949. In 1950, the second volume containing definite integrals appeared. Both parts were widely available through to the 5th 1973/75 edition. His wife, Margaret, assisted with the calculations, as well as the preparation and review of both volumes. In addition to their work at the Aviation Research Institute, Gröbner and Hofreiter continued to give lectures and seminars at the Technical University of Braunschweig. After the war he returned to Vienna in 1946 and continued to expand on his number theory work. He also worked on linear optimization and numerical mathematics. In 1954, he became a professor, and in 1963/4 became Dean of the Faculty, and in 1965/6, he was Rector of the University of Vienna. In 1974, he retired. In 1970, Hofreiter became a corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. He received the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class in 1965, the Gold Medal of Honour of the City of Vienna, the Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver for Services to the Republic of Austria in 1977, the Commander's Cross of the Order of St. Gregory the Great, the Ring of Honour of the Austrian Mathematical Society. He was an honorary senator of the University of Linz. His doctoral students included Edmund Hlawka, Peter Gruber and Leopold Schmetterer. He has over 1500 academic descendants, primarily through Hlawka. Notes References Edmund Hlawka: Nachruf. In: Almanach der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Band 140, 1989/90 Edmund Hlawka: Nachruf auf Nikolaus Hofreiter. In: Monatshefte für Mathematik. Band 116, 1993, Nr.3–4, S.263–273 External links Biography Biography Scientists from Linz 1904 births 1990 deaths 20th-century Austrian mathematicians Number theorists TU Wien alumni Academic staff of TU Wien Academic staff of the Technical University of Braunschweig Academic staff of the University of Vienna Members of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Rectors of universities in Austria Recipients of the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class Recipients of the Grand Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria Knights Commander of the Order of St Gregory the Great
[ "Nik", "ola", "us", "H", "of", "re", "iter", "(", "8", "May", "190", "4", "–", "23", "January", "1990", ")", "was", "an", "Austr", "ian", "ma", "them", "atic", "ian", "who", "worked", "mainly", "in", "number", "theory", ".", "Biography", "H", "of", "re", "iter", "went", "to", "school", "in", "Lin", "z", "and", "studied", "from", "1923", "in", "Vi", "enna", "with", "Hans", "H", "ah", "n", ",", "Wil", "hel", "m", "W", "ir", "ting", "er", ",", "Em", "il", "M", "ü", "l", "ler", "at", "the", "Techn", "is", "che", "Univers", "it", "ä", "t", "W", "ien", "on", "descr", "ipt", "ive", "ge", "omet", "ry", ",", "and", "Philipp", "F", "ur", "tw", "ä", "n", "gl", "er", ",", "with", "whom", "he", "obtained", "his", "do", "ctor", "ate", "in", "1927", "on", "the", "redu", "ction", "theory", "of", "quad", "r", "atic", "forms", "(", "E", "ine", "ne", "ue", "Red", "uk", "t", "ions", "the", "or", "ie", "f", "ür", "defin", "ite", "quad", "rat", "is", "che", "For", "men", ").", "In", "1928", "he", "passed", "the", "Le", "h", "ram", "ts", "pr", "ü", "f", "ung", "exam", "ination", "and", "completed", "the", "prob", "ation", "ary", "year", "as", "a", "teacher", "in", "Vi", "enna", ",", "but", "then", "returned", "to", "the", "university", "(", "first", "as", "a", "scient", "ific", "assistant", "at", "the", "T", "U", "Vi", "enna", ")", "where", "in", "1929", "he", "was", "assistant", "to", "F", "ur", "tw", "ä", "n", "gl", "er", "and", "then", "hab", "ilit", "ated", "in", "1933", ".", "He", "was", "even", "then", "an", "ex", "cell", "ent", "teacher", ",", "and", "gave", "lect", "ures", "not", "only", "in", "Vi", "enna", "but", "also", "in", "Gra", "z", ".", "His", "dis", "ser", "t", "ation", "and", "hab", "ilit", "ation", "thes", "is", "deal", "t", "with", "the", "redu", "ction", "theory", "of", "quad", "r", "atic", "forms", ",", "which", "G", "a", "uss", ",", "Charles", "Her", "m", "ite", "and", "Her", "mann", "Min", "k", "ow", "ski", "had", "worked", "on", "previously", ".", "H", "of", "re", "iter", "tre", "ated", "the", "case", "of", "four", "var", "i", "ables", "of", "a", "problem", "of", "Min", "k", "ow", "ski", "(", "Min", "k", "ow", "ski", "had", "sol", "ved", "the", "problem", "for", "two", "var", "i", "ables", ",", "while", "Robert", "Rem", "ak", "had", "sol", "ved", "it", "for", "three", "var", "i", "ables", ")", "on", "the", "product", "of", "in", "hom", "og", "ene", "ous", "lin", "ear", "forms", "and", "ach", "ieved", "significant", "progress", ".", "The", "complete", "sol", "ution", "was", "only", "found", "15", "years", "later", "(", "and", "the", "general", "case", "is", "still", "un", "res", "ol", "ved", ").", "In", "1934", ",", "he", "proved", "the", "exist", "ence", "of", "in", "fin", "it", "ely", "many", "real", "quad", "r", "atic", "number", "fields", "without", "a", "E", "u", "cl", "ide", "an", "al", "gor", "ith", "m", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "he", "deal", "t", "with", "the", "ge", "omet", "ry", "of", "numbers", "and", "Di", "oph", "ant", "ine", "approx", "im", "ation", ".", "In", "1939", ",", "he", "was", "an", "associ", "ate", "professor", "and", "married", "the", "ma", "them", "atic", "ian", "Mar", "gar", "et", "e", "D", "ost", "al", "í", "k", "(", "1912", "-", "2013", ").", "She", "was", "also", "a", "student", "of", "F", "ur", "tw", "ä", "n", "gl", "er", "and", "did", "important", "work", "on", "al", "ge", "br", "a", "ic", "equ", "ations", "and", "was", "working", "as", "a", "met", "e", "or", "ologist", "in", "Berlin", "at", "the", "time", ".", "During", "the", "Second", "World", "War", ",", "he", "moved", "from", "Vi", "enna", "and", "was", "a", "little", "later", "at", "the", "Her", "mann", "Go", "ering", "A", "vi", "ation", "Research", "Institute", "in", "Bra", "un", "sch", "we", "ig", ",", "where", "his", "colle", "ag", "ues", "W", "olf", "g", "ang", "Gr", "ö", "b", "ner", "from", "Vi", "enna", ",", "Bern", "hard", "B", "au", "le", "from", "Gra", "z", ",", "Er", "n", "st", "P", "es", "ch", "l", "and", "Jose", "f", "La", "ub", "were", "already", "working", ".", "Through", "his", "work", "there", ",", "together", "with", "Gr", "ö", "b", "ner", ",", "he", "started", "a", "table", "of", "integr", "als", ".", "The", "first", "vol", "ume", ",", "on", "in", "defin", "ite", "integr", "als", ",", "was", "published", "by", "Not", "dr", "uck", "(", "Bra", "un", "sch", "we", "ig", ")", "in", "1944", "and", "by", "Spring", "er", "in", "1949", ".", "In", "1950", ",", "the", "second", "vol", "ume", "contain", "ing", "defin", "ite", "integr", "als", "appeared", ".", "Both", "parts", "were", "widely", "available", "through", "to", "the", "5th", "1973", "/", "75", "edition", ".", "His", "wife", ",", "Mar", "gar", "et", ",", "assist", "ed", "with", "the", "cal", "cul", "ations", ",", "as", "well", "as", "the", "prepar", "ation", "and", "review", "of", "both", "vol", "umes", ".", "In", "addition", "to", "their", "work", "at", "the", "A", "vi", "ation", "Research", "Institute", ",", "Gr", "ö", "b", "ner", "and", "H", "of", "re", "iter", "continued", "to", "give", "lect", "ures", "and", "se", "min", "ars", "at", "the", "Techn", "ical", "University", "of", "Bra", "un", "sch", "we", "ig", ".", "After", "the", "war", "he", "returned", "to", "Vi", "enna", "in", "1946", "and", "continued", "to", "exp", "and", "on", "his", "number", "theory", "work", ".", "He", "also", "worked", "on", "lin", "ear", "op", "tim", "ization", "and", "num", "er", "ical", "ma", "themat", "ics", ".", "In", "1954", ",", "he", "became", "a", "professor", ",", "and", "in", "1963", "/", "4", "became", "De", "an", "of", "the", "Fac", "ulty", ",", "and", "in", "1965", "/", "6", ",", "he", "was", "Re", "ctor", "of", "the", "University", "of", "Vi", "enna", ".", "In", "1974", ",", "he", "retired", ".", "In", "1970", ",", "H", "of", "re", "iter", "became", "a", "correspond", "ing", "member", "of", "the", "Austr", "ian", "Academy", "of", "Sciences", ".", "He", "received", "the", "Austr", "ian", "Cross", "of", "Hon", "our", "for", "Science", "and", "Art", ",", "1st", "class", "in", "1965", ",", "the", "Gold", "Medal", "of", "Hon", "our", "of", "the", "City", "of", "Vi", "enna", ",", "the", "Grand", "Dec", "oration", "of", "Hon", "our", "in", "Sil", "ver", "for", "Services", "to", "the", "Republic", "of", "Austria", "in", "1977", ",", "the", "Comm", "ander", "'", "s", "Cross", "of", "the", "Order", "of", "St", ".", "Greg", "ory", "the", "Great", ",", "the", "R", "ing", "of", "Hon", "our", "of", "the", "Austr", "ian", "Ma", "themat", "ical", "Society", ".", "He", "was", "an", "honor", "ary", "sen", "ator", "of", "the", "University", "of", "Lin", "z", ".", "His", "do", "ctoral", "students", "included", "Ed", "m", "und", "H", "law", "ka", ",", "Peter", "Gr", "u", "ber", "and", "Le", "op", "old", "Sch", "met", "ter", "er", ".", "He", "has", "over", "15", "00", "academic", "des", "c", "end", "ants", ",", "primarily", "through", "H", "law", "ka", ".", "Notes", "References", "Ed", "m", "und", "H", "law", "ka", ":", "N", "ach", "ru", "f", ".", "In", ":", "Al", "man", "ach", "der", "Ö", "ster", "re", "ic", "his", "chen", "Ak", "adem", "ie", "der", "W", "iss", "ens", "ch", "af", "ten", ".", "Band", "14", "0", ",", "1989", "/", "90", "Ed", "m", "und", "H", "law", "ka", ":", "N", "ach", "ru", "f", "au", "f", "Nik", "ola", "us", "H", "of", "re", "iter", ".", "In", ":", "Mon", "at", "she", "f", "te", "f", "ür", "Ma", "themat", "ik", ".", "Band", "1", "16", ",", "1993", ",", "N", "r", ".", "3", "–", "4", ",", "S", ".", "26", "3", "–", "27", "3", "External", "links", "Biography", "Biography", "Sc", "ient", "ists", "from", "Lin", "z", "190", "4", "births", "1990", "deaths", "20th", "-", "century", "Austr", "ian", "ma", "them", "atic", "ians", "N", "umber", "the", "or", "ists", "T", "U", "W", "ien", "alumni", "Academ", "ic", "staff", "of", "T", "U", "W", "ien", "Academ", "ic", "staff", "of", "the", "Techn", "ical", "University", "of", "Bra", "un", "sch", "we", "ig", "Academ", "ic", "staff", "of", "the", "University", "of", "Vi", "enna", "Members", "of", "the", "Austr", "ian", "Academy", "of", "Sciences", "Re", "ctors", "of", "univers", "ities", "in", "Austria", "Re", "cip", "ients", "of", "the", "Austr", "ian", "Cross", "of", "Hon", "our", "for", "Science", "and", "Art", ",", "1st", "class", "Re", "cip", "ients", "of", "the", "Grand", "Dec", "oration", "for", "Services", "to", "the", "Republic", "of", "Austria", "Kn", "ights", "Comm", "ander", "of", "the", "Order", "of", "St", "Greg", "ory", "the", "Great" ]
[ 29739, 27002, 24640, 44, 24595, 24600, 25898, 12, 28, 25176, 25454, 24, 4992, 25217, 25352, 26490, 13, 24625, 24583, 25200, 24669, 25853, 25154, 25677, 24669, 24831, 26245, 28617, 24581, 25387, 28469, 18, 28198, 44, 24595, 24600, 25898, 26003, 24601, 25228, 24581, 27537, 94, 24596, 27990, 24672, 29184, 24581, 28164, 29454, 24651, 29814, 44, 24966, 82, 16, 26049, 25280, 81, 59, 24624, 25737, 24582, 16, 25971, 24608, 49, 219, 80, 25819, 24590, 24585, 27231, 24593, 25697, 28194, 24598, 195, 88, 59, 25827, 24584, 25546, 26112, 24723, 24721, 26544, 25064, 16, 24596, 27786, 42, 24615, 24759, 195, 82, 25722, 24582, 16, 24651, 27810, 24607, 29943, 24684, 25161, 25158, 24688, 24581, 28973, 24584, 24585, 27275, 24768, 28469, 24595, 26452, 86, 25677, 26769, 12, 41, 24734, 24687, 24802, 26152, 25797, 88, 24921, 24585, 24586, 24716, 74, 29455, 27347, 24850, 26452, 28270, 24593, 25697, 25056, 25203, 24874, 24657, 28786, 24607, 27951, 24585, 24843, 76, 28410, 24704, 24666, 219, 74, 25566, 27928, 27042, 24596, 26534, 24585, 28087, 24626, 24713, 24854, 24594, 69, 29167, 24581, 28164, 29454, 16, 24835, 25115, 26355, 24601, 24585, 28176, 12, 24818, 24594, 69, 27531, 25144, 28569, 24590, 24585, 56, 57, 28164, 29454, 13, 25072, 24581, 28779, 24607, 24625, 28569, 24601, 42, 24615, 24759, 195, 82, 25722, 24582, 24596, 25115, 26613, 25521, 24712, 24581, 28752, 18, 24736, 24625, 26142, 25115, 24583, 24707, 26076, 24609, 29167, 16, 24596, 26971, 25754, 25224, 24809, 25089, 24581, 28164, 29454, 24835, 24762, 24581, 29173, 94, 18, 25496, 24913, 24777, 88, 24626, 24596, 26613, 25521, 24626, 27630, 24593, 27289, 88, 24651, 24585, 27275, 24768, 28469, 24595, 26452, 86, 25677, 26769, 16, 24763, 43, 69, 25231, 16, 26500, 25503, 81, 24850, 24596, 25503, 27823, 25507, 79, 24639, 27392, 24798, 26245, 24584, 27408, 18, 44, 24595, 24600, 25898, 26904, 24712, 24585, 26464, 24595, 25253, 25411, 77, 28624, 24595, 69, 29624, 24595, 25507, 79, 24639, 27392, 12, 25507, 79, 24639, 27392, 24798, 25945, 25501, 24585, 29624, 24618, 24907, 25411, 77, 28624, 16, 25293, 26374, 28702, 24700, 24798, 25945, 25501, 24598, 24618, 25151, 25411, 77, 28624, 13, 24584, 24585, 29248, 24595, 24581, 27207, 24776, 25410, 24797, 24823, 24717, 26769, 24596, 24769, 26878, 27122, 28890, 18, 24627, 27852, 25945, 25328, 24625, 25089, 25096, 25018, 25100, 25163, 12, 24596, 24585, 26139, 26464, 24593, 26043, 24631, 24753, 24612, 25501, 24874, 24657, 28812, 16, 24607, 27260, 24585, 26744, 24881, 24595, 24581, 24943, 24598, 24959, 25160, 26169, 26452, 86, 25677, 25387, 29653, 26443, 69, 41, 89, 24691, 24814, 24583, 24591, 29555, 24642, 81, 18, 24657, 26012, 16, 24607, 27289, 88, 24651, 24585, 24721, 26544, 25064, 24595, 29088, 24596, 27014, 26391, 24738, 24734, 27448, 24634, 24626, 18, 24657, 27906, 16, 24607, 24625, 24583, 25973, 24688, 28037, 24596, 26160, 24585, 25853, 25154, 25677, 24669, 24829, 26151, 24645, 73, 40, 24764, 24591, 204, 79, 12, 29131, 17, 25578, 24874, 25079, 24625, 24762, 69, 28042, 24595, 42, 24615, 24759, 195, 82, 25722, 24582, 24596, 25671, 26742, 24918, 24584, 24591, 24721, 24816, 69, 24597, 25999, 24833, 24596, 24625, 26609, 24594, 69, 25547, 73, 24586, 28889, 24581, 28248, 24590, 24585, 24978, 18, 25867, 24585, 26832, 25166, 25209, 16, 24607, 25804, 24672, 28164, 29454, 24596, 24625, 69, 27857, 25163, 24590, 24585, 25503, 27823, 26560, 26205, 37, 25885, 24626, 27374, 26634, 24581, 26407, 24631, 25958, 24887, 24628, 16, 25072, 24684, 29375, 24638, 25966, 59, 26982, 75, 24822, 25014, 213, 70, 25651, 24672, 28164, 29454, 16, 28128, 26937, 38, 24786, 24604, 24672, 29173, 94, 16, 26509, 82, 24606, 52, 24589, 24610, 80, 24596, 26736, 74, 25760, 24733, 24747, 28103, 26609, 18, 29749, 24684, 24918, 25201, 16, 26577, 24651, 25014, 213, 70, 25651, 16, 24607, 26213, 69, 28356, 24595, 28555, 24702, 18, 24627, 24818, 25561, 26855, 16, 24584, 24581, 27347, 24850, 28555, 24702, 16, 24625, 25728, 24647, 25764, 24815, 25776, 12, 26407, 24631, 25958, 24887, 24628, 13, 24581, 27684, 24596, 24647, 29000, 24582, 24581, 28163, 18, 24657, 27966, 16, 24585, 25179, 25561, 26855, 26189, 24599, 27347, 24850, 28555, 24702, 26530, 18, 28586, 27285, 24747, 29704, 26926, 25172, 24601, 24585, 29063, 27227, 19, 27183, 27492, 18, 25496, 26512, 16, 24829, 26151, 24645, 16, 26556, 24588, 24651, 24585, 26775, 27512, 24833, 16, 24594, 25173, 24594, 24585, 28507, 24626, 24596, 26526, 24595, 25379, 25561, 29950, 18, 24657, 26012, 24601, 24862, 24918, 24590, 24585, 37, 25885, 24626, 27374, 26634, 16, 25014, 213, 70, 25651, 24596, 44, 24595, 24600, 25898, 26359, 24601, 28271, 25754, 25224, 24596, 24620, 24931, 25289, 24590, 24585, 27231, 24757, 25015, 24595, 26407, 24631, 25958, 24887, 24628, 18, 25302, 24585, 25573, 24607, 26355, 24601, 28164, 29454, 24581, 27977, 24596, 26359, 24601, 26201, 24596, 24584, 24684, 25387, 28469, 24918, 18, 24736, 24762, 26245, 24584, 24823, 24717, 24644, 26951, 25868, 24596, 25186, 24582, 24757, 25853, 29220, 24930, 18, 24657, 28134, 16, 24607, 25244, 69, 28037, 16, 24596, 24581, 27703, 19, 24, 25244, 24821, 24583, 24595, 24585, 29650, 27647, 16, 24596, 24581, 27495, 19, 26, 16, 24607, 24625, 24693, 25158, 24595, 24585, 25015, 24595, 28164, 29454, 18, 24657, 27142, 16, 24607, 28014, 18, 24657, 27166, 16, 44, 24595, 24600, 25898, 25244, 69, 29581, 24599, 25537, 24595, 24585, 25200, 24669, 26646, 24595, 29108, 18, 24736, 25774, 24585, 25200, 24669, 27723, 24595, 26877, 24714, 24618, 27300, 24596, 25680, 16, 26636, 25360, 24581, 27495, 16, 24585, 26567, 27566, 24595, 26877, 24714, 24595, 24585, 25440, 24595, 28164, 29454, 16, 24585, 26458, 25319, 29146, 24595, 26877, 24714, 24581, 27137, 24735, 24618, 29957, 24601, 24585, 26681, 24595, 29579, 24581, 27170, 16, 24585, 25258, 26027, 11, 87, 27723, 24595, 24585, 26947, 24595, 24709, 18, 29005, 24817, 24585, 26604, 16, 24585, 54, 24599, 24595, 26877, 24714, 24595, 24585, 25200, 24669, 26255, 29220, 24757, 26510, 18, 24736, 24625, 24583, 28609, 24713, 25948, 25517, 24595, 24585, 25015, 24595, 27537, 94, 18, 25496, 25161, 28856, 26498, 25922, 25420, 81, 25324, 44, 25539, 26631, 16, 26638, 25014, 89, 24681, 24596, 24843, 24644, 24867, 25790, 25547, 24621, 24582, 18, 24736, 24808, 24752, 25018, 24799, 29024, 24893, 71, 24725, 25575, 16, 28974, 25172, 44, 25539, 26631, 18, 27004, 24838, 25420, 81, 25324, 44, 25539, 26631, 30, 50, 24769, 26325, 74, 18, 24657, 30, 24788, 24710, 24769, 24795, 181, 26044, 24600, 24597, 24684, 29991, 28109, 25652, 24716, 24795, 59, 24897, 24845, 24610, 24744, 25026, 18, 28545, 25129, 20, 16, 26626, 19, 26866, 25420, 81, 25324, 44, 25539, 26631, 30, 50, 24769, 26325, 74, 24786, 74, 29739, 27002, 24640, 44, 24595, 24600, 25898, 18, 24657, 30, 25732, 24590, 24971, 74, 24680, 74, 29455, 26255, 29220, 25054, 18, 28545, 21, 25009, 16, 26437, 16, 50, 86, 18, 23, 4992, 24, 16, 55, 18, 25552, 23, 4992, 25563, 23, 25065, 25051, 28198, 28198, 25076, 25397, 25006, 24672, 27537, 94, 25454, 24, 25393, 26490, 25989, 26025, 17, 25087, 25200, 24669, 25853, 25154, 25677, 25297, 50, 29044, 24585, 24586, 25006, 56, 57, 59, 25827, 26527, 26140, 24597, 27225, 24595, 56, 57, 59, 25827, 26140, 24597, 27225, 24595, 24585, 27231, 24757, 25015, 24595, 26407, 24631, 25958, 24887, 24628, 26140, 24597, 27225, 24595, 24585, 25015, 24595, 28164, 29454, 27585, 24595, 24585, 25200, 24669, 26646, 24595, 29108, 24693, 28748, 24595, 29585, 25082, 24581, 29579, 24693, 29760, 27434, 24595, 24585, 25200, 24669, 27723, 24595, 26877, 24714, 24618, 27300, 24596, 25680, 16, 26636, 25360, 24693, 29760, 27434, 24595, 24585, 26458, 25319, 29146, 24618, 29957, 24601, 24585, 26681, 24595, 29579, 28144, 25708, 25258, 26027, 24595, 24585, 26947, 24595, 24709, 29005, 24817, 24585, 26604 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
32584102
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993%E2%80%9394%20Belarusian%20Extraliga%20season
1993–94 Belarusian Extraliga season
The 1994 Belarusian Extraliga season was the second season of the Belarusian Extraliga, the top level of ice hockey in Belarus. Five teams participated in the league, and Tivali Minsk won the championship. Standings External links Season on hockeyarchives.info Belarusian Extraleague Belarusian Extraleague seasons Extra
[ "The", "1994", "Bel", "ar", "us", "ian", "Ex", "tr", "al", "iga", "season", "was", "the", "second", "season", "of", "the", "Bel", "ar", "us", "ian", "Ex", "tr", "al", "iga", ",", "the", "top", "level", "of", "ice", "hockey", "in", "Bel", "ar", "us", ".", "F", "ive", "teams", "participated", "in", "the", "league", ",", "and", "T", "ival", "i", "M", "ins", "k", "won", "the", "championship", ".", "Stand", "ings", "External", "links", "Season", "on", "hockey", "arch", "ives", ".", "inf", "o", "Bel", "ar", "us", "ian", "Ex", "tr", "ale", "ague", "Bel", "ar", "us", "ian", "Ex", "tr", "ale", "ague", "seasons", "Ex", "tra" ]
[ 24627, 26360, 25952, 24592, 24640, 24669, 24889, 24664, 24591, 27601, 25042, 24625, 24585, 25179, 25042, 24595, 24585, 25952, 24592, 24640, 24669, 24889, 24664, 24591, 27601, 16, 24585, 25318, 25846, 24595, 24811, 28141, 24581, 25952, 24592, 24640, 18, 42, 24723, 26380, 28876, 24581, 24585, 26425, 16, 24596, 56, 25628, 77, 49, 25080, 79, 25400, 24585, 27405, 18, 28709, 24939, 25065, 25051, 28955, 24584, 28141, 25340, 25330, 18, 29541, 83, 25952, 24592, 24640, 24669, 24889, 24664, 24988, 25130, 25952, 24592, 24640, 24669, 24889, 24664, 24988, 25130, 27353, 24889, 26467 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
50963458
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sendrayan
Sendrayan
Senrayan is an Indian actor who has predominantly worked in Tamil language films. After making his acting debut in Vetrimaaran's Polladhavan (2007), he appeared in other small roles before winning acclaim for his portrayal of a petty criminal in Moodar Koodam (2013). He has since appeared in antagonistic and comedic roles in films, including Puthiya Niyamam (2016) and Metro (2016). Career Senrayan made his acting debut in Vetrimaaran's Polladhavan (2007), and later also played a small role in the director's Aadukalam (2011) with both of the films starring Dhanush. He made a breakthrough with his performance in Moodar Koodam (2013) portraying a young criminal. The success of the film prompted him to play several similar antagonistic roles in films including Puthiya Niyamam (2016) and Metro (2016). In 2015, he played the lead role in the small budget film, Vishayam Veliye Theriya Koodadhu, which went unnoticed at the box office. In 2018, he was a contestant in the Tamil reality television show, Bigg Boss hosted by Kamal Haasan. Personal life Senrayan married Kayalvizhi at Senraaya Perumal Kovil in Vathalagundu during August 2014. She later announced her pregnancy during her brief visit to the Bigg Boss house when Senrayan was a contestant. On 13 May 2021, Senrayan was tested positive for COVID-19. Filmography Film Television References External links Living people Male actors in Tamil cinema 21st-century Indian male actors Indian male comedians Tamil male actors Tamil comedians Male actors in Telugu cinema Indian male film actors Male actors in Malayalam cinema Year of birth missing (living people) Bigg Boss (Tamil TV series) contestants
[ "Sen", "ray", "an", "is", "an", "Indian", "actor", "who", "has", "pred", "omin", "ant", "ly", "worked", "in", "Tam", "il", "language", "films", ".", "After", "making", "his", "acting", "debut", "in", "V", "et", "r", "ima", "ar", "an", "'", "s", "P", "oll", "ad", "h", "av", "an", "(", "2007", "),", "he", "appeared", "in", "other", "small", "roles", "before", "winning", "ac", "claim", "for", "his", "portr", "ay", "al", "of", "a", "pet", "ty", "crimin", "al", "in", "M", "ood", "ar", "K", "ood", "am", "(", "2013", ").", "He", "has", "since", "appeared", "in", "ant", "agon", "istic", "and", "com", "ed", "ic", "roles", "in", "films", ",", "including", "Pu", "th", "i", "ya", "N", "iy", "am", "am", "(", "2016", ")", "and", "Metro", "(", "2016", ").", "Career", "Sen", "ray", "an", "made", "his", "acting", "debut", "in", "V", "et", "r", "ima", "ar", "an", "'", "s", "P", "oll", "ad", "h", "av", "an", "(", "2007", "),", "and", "later", "also", "played", "a", "small", "role", "in", "the", "director", "'", "s", "A", "ad", "uk", "al", "am", "(", "2011", ")", "with", "both", "of", "the", "films", "starring", "D", "han", "ush", ".", "He", "made", "a", "break", "through", "with", "his", "performance", "in", "M", "ood", "ar", "K", "ood", "am", "(", "2013", ")", "portr", "ay", "ing", "a", "young", "crimin", "al", ".", "The", "success", "of", "the", "film", "prom", "p", "ted", "him", "to", "play", "several", "similar", "ant", "agon", "istic", "roles", "in", "films", "including", "Pu", "th", "i", "ya", "N", "iy", "am", "am", "(", "2016", ")", "and", "Metro", "(", "2016", ").", "In", "2015", ",", "he", "played", "the", "lead", "role", "in", "the", "small", "bud", "get", "film", ",", "V", "ish", "ay", "am", "V", "el", "i", "ye", "T", "her", "i", "ya", "K", "ood", "ad", "hu", ",", "which", "went", "un", "not", "iced", "at", "the", "box", "office", ".", "In", "2018", ",", "he", "was", "a", "contest", "ant", "in", "the", "Tam", "il", "re", "ality", "television", "show", ",", "Big", "g", "B", "oss", "hosted", "by", "Kam", "al", "Ha", "as", "an", ".", "Personal", "life", "Sen", "ray", "an", "married", "K", "ay", "al", "v", "iz", "hi", "at", "Sen", "ra", "aya", "Per", "um", "al", "K", "ov", "il", "in", "V", "ath", "al", "ag", "un", "du", "during", "August", "2014", ".", "She", "later", "announced", "her", "p", "reg", "n", "ancy", "during", "her", "brief", "vis", "it", "to", "the", "Big", "g", "B", "oss", "house", "when", "Sen", "ray", "an", "was", "a", "contest", "ant", ".", "On", "13", "May", "2021", ",", "Sen", "ray", "an", "was", "test", "ed", "positive", "for", "COVID", "-", "19", ".", "Film", "ography", "Film", "Television", "References", "External", "links", "Living", "people", "M", "ale", "actors", "in", "Tam", "il", "c", "inem", "a", "21st", "-", "century", "Indian", "male", "actors", "Indian", "male", "com", "ed", "ians", "Tam", "il", "male", "actors", "Tam", "il", "com", "ed", "ians", "M", "ale", "actors", "in", "Tel", "ugu", "c", "inem", "a", "Indian", "male", "film", "actors", "M", "ale", "actors", "in", "Mal", "ay", "al", "am", "c", "inem", "a", "Year", "of", "birth", "missing", "(", "living", "people", ")", "Big", "g", "B", "oss", "(", "Tam", "il", "TV", "series", ")", "contest", "ants" ]
[ 26236, 28840, 24583, 24593, 24583, 25759, 27032, 24831, 24808, 27516, 25538, 24738, 24633, 26245, 24581, 28118, 24608, 25996, 25477, 18, 25302, 26521, 24684, 28349, 26097, 24581, 58, 24645, 86, 29359, 24592, 24583, 11, 87, 52, 24853, 24614, 76, 24668, 24583, 12, 25557, 24758, 24607, 26530, 24581, 24858, 25734, 29451, 25327, 27099, 24616, 26019, 24618, 24684, 29493, 24632, 24591, 24595, 69, 27418, 24819, 28365, 24591, 24581, 49, 24946, 24592, 47, 24946, 24611, 12, 25578, 24874, 24736, 24808, 25570, 26530, 24581, 24738, 27323, 27302, 24596, 24665, 24588, 24597, 29451, 24581, 25477, 16, 25260, 28542, 24580, 77, 26351, 50, 27881, 24611, 24611, 12, 25600, 13, 24596, 28215, 12, 25600, 24874, 27033, 26236, 28840, 24583, 25167, 24684, 28349, 26097, 24581, 58, 24645, 86, 29359, 24592, 24583, 11, 87, 52, 24853, 24614, 76, 24668, 24583, 12, 25557, 24758, 24596, 25163, 24762, 25350, 69, 25734, 26078, 24581, 24585, 26319, 11, 87, 37, 24614, 25797, 24591, 24611, 12, 25476, 13, 24651, 25379, 24595, 24585, 25477, 29641, 40, 26424, 26009, 18, 24736, 25167, 69, 27115, 25172, 24651, 24684, 26957, 24581, 49, 24946, 24592, 47, 24946, 24611, 12, 25578, 13, 29493, 24632, 24599, 69, 26181, 28365, 24591, 18, 24627, 25701, 24595, 24585, 24932, 25810, 84, 24826, 25047, 24601, 24755, 25548, 26473, 24738, 27323, 27302, 29451, 24581, 25477, 25260, 28542, 24580, 77, 26351, 50, 27881, 24611, 24611, 12, 25600, 13, 24596, 28215, 12, 25600, 24874, 24657, 25611, 16, 24607, 25350, 24585, 25246, 26078, 24581, 24585, 25734, 29660, 25978, 24932, 16, 58, 24679, 24632, 24611, 58, 24613, 77, 27010, 56, 24803, 77, 26351, 47, 24946, 24614, 27100, 16, 24763, 26003, 24631, 24809, 29138, 24590, 24585, 26938, 26673, 18, 24657, 25625, 16, 24607, 24625, 69, 29342, 24738, 24581, 24585, 28118, 24608, 24600, 25637, 25780, 25339, 16, 27381, 75, 38, 25646, 29075, 24647, 29802, 24591, 27503, 24594, 24583, 18, 28172, 25372, 26236, 28840, 24583, 26160, 47, 24632, 24591, 90, 24782, 26766, 24590, 26236, 24840, 27945, 25768, 24656, 24591, 47, 24658, 24608, 24581, 58, 24851, 24591, 24638, 24631, 24749, 25104, 25313, 25590, 18, 25079, 25163, 26091, 24803, 84, 24954, 82, 29240, 25104, 24803, 28671, 25423, 24598, 24601, 24585, 27381, 75, 38, 25646, 25470, 25091, 26236, 28840, 24583, 24625, 69, 29342, 24738, 18, 24964, 25143, 25176, 25785, 16, 26236, 28840, 24583, 24625, 25881, 24588, 28882, 24618, 29752, 17, 24617, 18, 25716, 27070, 25716, 27763, 24838, 25065, 25051, 25766, 24941, 49, 24988, 27797, 24581, 28118, 24608, 71, 28232, 69, 26639, 17, 25087, 25759, 25985, 27797, 25759, 25985, 24665, 24588, 25297, 28118, 24608, 25985, 27797, 28118, 24608, 24665, 24588, 25297, 49, 24988, 27797, 24581, 29691, 27694, 71, 28232, 69, 25759, 25985, 24932, 27797, 49, 24988, 27797, 24581, 25893, 24632, 24591, 24611, 71, 28232, 69, 26099, 24595, 26653, 27386, 12, 26283, 24941, 13, 27381, 75, 38, 25646, 12, 28118, 24608, 25905, 25268, 13, 29342, 25575 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
43544173
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Girl%20%26%20The%20Fig
The Girl & The Fig
The Girl & The Fig (stylized as the girl & the fig) is a restaurant in Sonoma, California in the United States. It was opened in Glen Ellen, California by Sondra Bernstein in 1997. In 2001, the restaurant relocated to downtown Sonoma. History The Girl & The Fig was opened in 1997 by Sondra Bernstein in Glen Ellen, California. John Toulze left working at Viansa Winery to help Bernstein open the restaurant. He worked as a sous chef and a manager. Around 1999 he became executive chef and he remains in that position today. Toulze is also a business partner and director of operations for the restaurant. In 2001, the restaurant relocated to its current location in downtown Sonoma; the bottom floor of the Sonoma Hotel. bar comprises a waiting area, a small gift shop, and a large antique wooden bar. There is a dining room that extends into an outdoor patio. In 2004, Bernstein published the girl & the fig cookbook. The restaurant also has its own line of food and food-related products called "FIG FOOD" that it sells at the restaurant. In 2006, the restaurant was the focus of a Fortune Small Business makeover. It is one of the many restaurant and food businesses that Bernstein owns, who is estimated to make approximately $10 million a year, as of 2012, from her businesses. In 2012, the restaurant was visited by Ben Flajnik and his date during season 16 of The Bachelor. That same year, Lady Gaga visited the restaurant. During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, Bernstein laid off the majority of her staff to reduce costs and the farm, where Bernstein grew much of the produce for the restaurant, was sold. The Girl & the Fig offered curbside and take out, with outdoor dining when possible. Bernstein partnered with gourmet slush business, Wicked Slush, to offer special slush cocktails to attract take out business. Bernstein also sold take out ramen noodles and Japanese food from a side door at the restaurant. As of July 2020, the restaurant was bringing in a one third of its pre-pandemic sales. Cuisine The restaurant serves lunch, dinner and brunch on Sunday. Travel and Leisure has called the restaurants food French cuisine and also American food. Michelin Guide has called it Californian cuisine. Many of the vegetables and fruits served in the restaurant are from the restaurant's own garden located in Sonoma, which is organic and biodynamic. 95% of fresh food served is locally grown. Brunch dishes include french toast stuffed with blue cheese and poached egg with duck confit. Lunch and dinner entrees include beef carbonade, black cod, trout and beet salads, hamburgers, and flounder with meunière sauce. Its signature dish is a fig and arugula salad. The restaurant also sells artisan cheese plates, including cheese by Laura Chenel. Desserts include a creme brulee made with lavender. The restaurant makes its own charcuterie. Cocktails on the menu are French inspired with fresh ingredients, including figs. The wine list is exclusively Rhône wine made in California. One of the house cocktails is the Fig Royale which consists of sparkling wine and syrup made of fig. An additional cocktail on the menu is a Lavender mojito. Reception The Girl & The Fig was named one of the top ten best restaurants in the United States for Thanksgiving meals in 2009 by Bon Appétit. The restaurant has been reviewed and visited on multiple occasions by The New York Times. The restaurant has been favorably reviewed Bon Appétit, Wine Enthusiast, Wine Spectator, and Country Living. Gallery References External links Meet the Chefs: Sondra Bernstein & John Toulze in The Press Democrat French-American culture in California French restaurants in California Restaurants in the San Francisco Bay Area Buildings and structures in Sonoma, California Restaurants established in 1997 1997 establishments in California American companies established in 1997
[ "The", "Girl", "&", "The", "F", "ig", "(", "st", "yl", "ized", "as", "the", "girl", "&", "the", "fig", ")", "is", "a", "restaur", "ant", "in", "Son", "oma", ",", "California", "in", "the", "United", "States", ".", "It", "was", "opened", "in", "Gl", "en", "El", "len", ",", "California", "by", "Son", "dr", "a", "Bern", "stein", "in", "1997", ".", "In", "2001", ",", "the", "restaur", "ant", "re", "located", "to", "down", "town", "Son", "oma", ".", "History", "The", "Girl", "&", "The", "F", "ig", "was", "opened", "in", "1997", "by", "Son", "dr", "a", "Bern", "stein", "in", "Gl", "en", "El", "len", ",", "California", ".", "John", "T", "oul", "ze", "left", "working", "at", "V", "ians", "a", "Win", "ery", "to", "help", "Bern", "stein", "open", "the", "restaur", "ant", ".", "He", "worked", "as", "a", "s", "ous", "che", "f", "and", "a", "manager", ".", "Ar", "ound", "1999", "he", "became", "executive", "che", "f", "and", "he", "remains", "in", "that", "position", "today", ".", "T", "oul", "ze", "is", "also", "a", "business", "part", "ner", "and", "director", "of", "operations", "for", "the", "restaur", "ant", ".", "In", "2001", ",", "the", "restaur", "ant", "re", "located", "to", "its", "current", "location", "in", "down", "town", "Son", "oma", ";", "the", "bot", "tom", "floor", "of", "the", "Son", "oma", "Hot", "el", ".", "bar", "com", "pr", "ises", "a", "wa", "iting", "area", ",", "a", "small", "g", "ift", "shop", ",", "and", "a", "large", "ant", "ique", "wood", "en", "bar", ".", "There", "is", "a", "din", "ing", "room", "that", "ext", "ends", "into", "an", "out", "door", "pat", "io", ".", "In", "2004", ",", "Bern", "stein", "published", "the", "girl", "&", "the", "fig", "co", "ok", "book", ".", "The", "restaur", "ant", "also", "has", "its", "own", "line", "of", "food", "and", "food", "-", "related", "products", "called", "\"", "FI", "G", "F", "O", "O", "D", "\"", "that", "it", "s", "ell", "s", "at", "the", "restaur", "ant", ".", "In", "2006", ",", "the", "restaur", "ant", "was", "the", "focus", "of", "a", "Fort", "une", "Sm", "all", "Business", "make", "over", ".", "It", "is", "one", "of", "the", "many", "restaur", "ant", "and", "food", "business", "es", "that", "Bern", "stein", "own", "s", ",", "who", "is", "estimated", "to", "make", "approximately", "$", "10", "million", "a", "year", ",", "as", "of", "2012", ",", "from", "her", "business", "es", ".", "In", "2012", ",", "the", "restaur", "ant", "was", "vis", "ited", "by", "Ben", "Fl", "aj", "n", "ik", "and", "his", "date", "during", "season", "16", "of", "The", "Bac", "hel", "or", ".", "That", "same", "year", ",", "Lady", "G", "aga", "vis", "ited", "the", "restaur", "ant", ".", "During", "the", "2020", "COVID", "-", "19", "p", "and", "emic", ",", "Bern", "stein", "l", "aid", "off", "the", "majority", "of", "her", "staff", "to", "redu", "ce", "cost", "s", "and", "the", "farm", ",", "where", "Bern", "stein", "grew", "much", "of", "the", "produce", "for", "the", "restaur", "ant", ",", "was", "sold", ".", "The", "Girl", "&", "the", "F", "ig", "offered", "cur", "b", "side", "and", "take", "out", ",", "with", "out", "door", "din", "ing", "when", "possible", ".", "Bern", "stein", "part", "n", "ered", "with", "g", "our", "met", "sl", "ush", "business", ",", "W", "ick", "ed", "Sl", "ush", ",", "to", "offer", "special", "sl", "ush", "c", "ock", "t", "ails", "to", "attr", "act", "take", "out", "business", ".", "Bern", "stein", "also", "sold", "take", "out", "ram", "en", "n", "ood", "les", "and", "Japanese", "food", "from", "a", "side", "door", "at", "the", "restaur", "ant", ".", "As", "of", "July", "2020", ",", "the", "restaur", "ant", "was", "bring", "ing", "in", "a", "one", "third", "of", "its", "pre", "-", "p", "and", "emic", "sales", ".", "C", "u", "is", "ine", "The", "restaur", "ant", "serves", "l", "unch", ",", "d", "inner", "and", "br", "unch", "on", "Sun", "day", ".", "Tr", "avel", "and", "Le", "is", "ure", "has", "called", "the", "restaur", "ants", "food", "French", "cu", "is", "ine", "and", "also", "American", "food", ".", "Mic", "he", "lin", "Gu", "ide", "has", "called", "it", "Califor", "n", "ian", "cu", "is", "ine", ".", "Many", "of", "the", "ve", "get", "ables", "and", "fr", "u", "its", "served", "in", "the", "restaur", "ant", "are", "from", "the", "restaur", "ant", "'", "s", "own", "g", "arden", "located", "in", "Son", "oma", ",", "which", "is", "organ", "ic", "and", "bi", "ody", "nam", "ic", ".", "95", "%", "of", "fr", "esh", "food", "served", "is", "loc", "ally", "g", "rown", ".", "Br", "unch", "dish", "es", "include", "fr", "ench", "to", "ast", "st", "u", "ff", "ed", "with", "blue", "che", "ese", "and", "po", "ached", "e", "gg", "with", "du", "ck", "conf", "it", ".", "L", "unch", "and", "d", "inner", "ent", "re", "es", "include", "be", "ef", "car", "bon", "ade", ",", "black", "c", "od", ",", "tr", "out", "and", "be", "et", "sal", "ad", "s", ",", "ham", "burg", "ers", ",", "and", "fl", "ound", "er", "with", "me", "un", "i", "è", "re", "s", "au", "ce", ".", "Its", "sign", "ature", "dish", "is", "a", "fig", "and", "ar", "ug", "ula", "sal", "ad", ".", "The", "restaur", "ant", "also", "s", "ell", "s", "art", "is", "an", "che", "ese", "pl", "ates", ",", "including", "che", "ese", "by", "La", "ura", "Ch", "en", "el", ".", "D", "ess", "er", "ts", "include", "a", "cre", "me", "br", "ule", "e", "made", "with", "lav", "ender", ".", "The", "restaur", "ant", "makes", "its", "own", "char", "cu", "ter", "ie", ".", "C", "ock", "t", "ails", "on", "the", "men", "u", "are", "French", "inspired", "with", "fr", "esh", "ing", "red", "ients", ",", "including", "fig", "s", ".", "The", "w", "ine", "list", "is", "excl", "us", "ively", "Rh", "ô", "ne", "w", "ine", "made", "in", "California", ".", "One", "of", "the", "house", "c", "ock", "t", "ails", "is", "the", "F", "ig", "Roy", "ale", "which", "consists", "of", "sp", "ark", "ling", "w", "ine", "and", "sy", "rup", "made", "of", "fig", ".", "An", "additional", "c", "ock", "t", "ail", "on", "the", "men", "u", "is", "a", "L", "av", "ender", "mo", "j", "it", "o", ".", "Re", "ception", "The", "Girl", "&", "The", "F", "ig", "was", "named", "one", "of", "the", "top", "ten", "best", "restaur", "ants", "in", "the", "United", "States", "for", "Th", "an", "ks", "giving", "me", "als", "in", "2009", "by", "Bon", "Ap", "p", "é", "tit", ".", "The", "restaur", "ant", "has", "been", "review", "ed", "and", "vis", "ited", "on", "multiple", "occas", "ions", "by", "The", "New", "York", "Times", ".", "The", "restaur", "ant", "has", "been", "favor", "ably", "review", "ed", "Bon", "Ap", "p", "é", "tit", ",", "W", "ine", "En", "thus", "i", "ast", ",", "W", "ine", "S", "pect", "ator", ",", "and", "Country", "Living", ".", "Gallery", "References", "External", "links", "Me", "et", "the", "Che", "f", "s", ":", "Son", "dr", "a", "Bern", "stein", "&", "John", "T", "oul", "ze", "in", "The", "Press", "Democr", "at", "French", "-", "American", "culture", "in", "California", "French", "restaur", "ants", "in", "California", "R", "est", "aur", "ants", "in", "the", "San", "Francisco", "Bay", "Area", "Buildings", "and", "structures", "in", "Son", "oma", ",", "California", "R", "est", "aur", "ants", "established", "in", "1997", "1997", "establishments", "in", "California", "American", "companies", "established", "in", "1997" ]
[ 24627, 28299, 10, 24627, 42, 24628, 12, 24606, 26277, 25380, 24594, 24585, 27456, 10, 24585, 26912, 13, 24593, 69, 29893, 24738, 24581, 28297, 27121, 16, 25950, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 18, 24805, 24625, 26274, 24581, 25899, 24587, 25421, 29110, 16, 25950, 24647, 28297, 24815, 69, 28128, 28430, 24581, 26252, 18, 24657, 25933, 16, 24585, 29893, 24738, 24600, 25616, 24601, 25581, 25305, 28297, 27121, 18, 25592, 24627, 28299, 10, 24627, 42, 24628, 24625, 26274, 24581, 26252, 24647, 28297, 24815, 69, 28128, 28430, 24581, 25899, 24587, 25421, 29110, 16, 25950, 18, 25149, 56, 26786, 25852, 25475, 26609, 24590, 58, 25297, 69, 28063, 25527, 24601, 26709, 28128, 28430, 25383, 24585, 29893, 24738, 18, 24736, 26245, 24594, 69, 87, 24797, 25697, 74, 24596, 69, 27750, 18, 24780, 24742, 26082, 24607, 25244, 28518, 25697, 74, 24596, 24607, 28330, 24581, 24682, 25654, 28471, 18, 56, 26786, 25852, 24593, 24762, 69, 26045, 24791, 25651, 24596, 26319, 24595, 27791, 24618, 24585, 29893, 24738, 18, 24657, 25933, 16, 24585, 29893, 24738, 24600, 25616, 24601, 24783, 26950, 27804, 24581, 25581, 25305, 28297, 27121, 31, 24585, 27348, 25725, 29008, 24595, 24585, 28297, 27121, 27545, 24613, 18, 26403, 24665, 24666, 27622, 69, 26965, 26740, 25450, 16, 69, 25734, 75, 27511, 29668, 16, 24596, 69, 25926, 24738, 26788, 25917, 24587, 26403, 18, 25650, 24593, 69, 28645, 24599, 26491, 24682, 25588, 26949, 25000, 24583, 24767, 28993, 25553, 24860, 18, 24657, 25783, 16, 28128, 28430, 25728, 24585, 27456, 10, 24585, 26912, 24869, 24834, 25756, 18, 24627, 29893, 24738, 24762, 24808, 24783, 24781, 25315, 24595, 27738, 24596, 27738, 17, 26974, 28891, 25446, 6, 27927, 43, 42, 51, 51, 40, 6, 24682, 24598, 87, 24731, 87, 24590, 24585, 29893, 24738, 18, 24657, 25562, 16, 24585, 29893, 24738, 24625, 24585, 29393, 24595, 69, 27743, 25178, 25995, 24663, 28513, 26127, 24752, 18, 24805, 24593, 24748, 24595, 24585, 25160, 29893, 24738, 24596, 27738, 26045, 24589, 24682, 28128, 28430, 24781, 87, 16, 24831, 24593, 29452, 24601, 26127, 27788, 8, 24975, 26016, 69, 24854, 16, 24594, 24595, 25512, 16, 24672, 24803, 26045, 24589, 18, 24657, 25512, 16, 24585, 29893, 24738, 24625, 25423, 24863, 24647, 26593, 25487, 25075, 82, 25054, 24596, 24684, 27478, 25104, 25042, 25009, 24595, 24627, 29293, 25280, 24586, 18, 27910, 25515, 24854, 16, 28858, 43, 29111, 25423, 24863, 24585, 29893, 24738, 18, 25867, 24585, 25642, 29752, 17, 24617, 84, 24596, 28283, 16, 28128, 28430, 80, 25282, 24894, 24585, 28131, 24595, 24803, 27225, 24601, 27275, 24648, 26913, 87, 24596, 24585, 27578, 16, 25072, 28128, 28430, 29125, 26302, 24595, 24585, 29157, 24618, 24585, 29893, 24738, 16, 24625, 26090, 18, 24627, 28299, 10, 24585, 42, 24628, 28610, 25069, 70, 25615, 24596, 26294, 24767, 16, 24651, 24767, 28993, 28645, 24599, 25091, 27333, 18, 28128, 28430, 24791, 82, 25351, 24651, 75, 24714, 25547, 25608, 26009, 26045, 16, 59, 24958, 24588, 26499, 26009, 16, 24601, 26735, 26318, 25608, 26009, 71, 25467, 88, 28060, 24601, 27094, 24756, 26294, 24767, 26045, 18, 28128, 28430, 24762, 26090, 26294, 24767, 28410, 24587, 82, 24946, 24928, 24596, 26288, 27738, 24672, 69, 25615, 28993, 24590, 24585, 29893, 24738, 18, 24906, 24595, 25363, 25642, 16, 24585, 29893, 24738, 24625, 28385, 24599, 24581, 69, 24748, 25859, 24595, 24783, 24970, 17, 84, 24596, 28283, 29772, 18, 39, 89, 24593, 24734, 24627, 29893, 24738, 29415, 80, 26166, 16, 72, 28612, 24596, 24816, 26166, 24584, 26486, 25058, 18, 25024, 29702, 24596, 24843, 24593, 24794, 24808, 25446, 24585, 29893, 25575, 27738, 25596, 26687, 24593, 24734, 24596, 24762, 24868, 27738, 18, 27328, 24607, 24823, 25409, 24814, 24808, 25446, 24598, 25937, 82, 24669, 26687, 24593, 24734, 18, 28080, 24595, 24585, 24961, 25978, 28624, 24596, 24653, 89, 24783, 25612, 24581, 24585, 29893, 24738, 24686, 24672, 24585, 29893, 24738, 11, 87, 24781, 75, 28044, 25616, 24581, 28297, 27121, 16, 24763, 24593, 25337, 24597, 24596, 26381, 26004, 25225, 24597, 18, 29498, 9, 24595, 24653, 26297, 27738, 25612, 24593, 24938, 24904, 75, 25850, 18, 24980, 26166, 29980, 24589, 25915, 24653, 25441, 24601, 24745, 24606, 89, 25078, 24588, 24651, 29365, 25697, 25059, 24596, 24902, 29792, 73, 26386, 24651, 24749, 25188, 27984, 24598, 18, 48, 26166, 24596, 72, 28612, 24609, 24600, 24589, 25915, 24636, 25636, 25653, 27291, 24899, 16, 26776, 71, 24694, 16, 24664, 24767, 24596, 24636, 24645, 27607, 24614, 87, 16, 25484, 26324, 24629, 16, 24596, 24949, 24742, 24582, 24651, 24885, 24631, 77, 199, 24600, 87, 24786, 24648, 18, 27128, 25314, 25690, 29980, 24593, 69, 26912, 24596, 24592, 24880, 26737, 27607, 24614, 18, 24627, 29893, 24738, 24762, 87, 24731, 87, 24673, 24593, 24583, 25697, 25059, 24659, 24855, 16, 25260, 25697, 25059, 24647, 25760, 27088, 24698, 24587, 24613, 18, 40, 24676, 24582, 24704, 25915, 69, 24912, 24885, 24816, 27914, 73, 25167, 24651, 28289, 26815, 18, 24627, 29893, 24738, 28787, 24783, 24781, 25316, 26687, 24621, 24716, 18, 39, 25467, 88, 28060, 24584, 24585, 25203, 89, 24686, 25596, 29672, 24651, 24653, 26297, 24599, 25204, 27434, 16, 25260, 26912, 87, 18, 24627, 91, 24734, 25432, 24593, 28780, 24640, 26029, 27772, 211, 24687, 91, 24734, 25167, 24581, 25950, 18, 25954, 24595, 24585, 25470, 71, 25467, 88, 28060, 24593, 24585, 42, 24628, 25849, 24988, 24763, 28686, 24595, 24878, 24944, 25632, 91, 24734, 24596, 24984, 27552, 25167, 24595, 26912, 18, 24800, 27851, 71, 25467, 88, 24916, 24584, 24585, 25203, 89, 24593, 69, 48, 24668, 26815, 28225, 78, 24598, 83, 18, 24693, 27594, 24627, 28299, 10, 24627, 42, 24628, 24625, 25533, 24748, 24595, 24585, 25318, 25026, 26066, 29893, 25575, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 24618, 24824, 24583, 24737, 29104, 24885, 24702, 24581, 25531, 24647, 28549, 26222, 84, 200, 25488, 18, 24627, 29893, 24738, 24808, 24948, 26526, 24588, 24596, 25423, 24863, 24584, 27827, 28305, 24921, 24647, 24627, 24871, 25288, 27701, 18, 24627, 29893, 24738, 24808, 24948, 29153, 26729, 26526, 24588, 28549, 26222, 84, 200, 25488, 16, 59, 24734, 24879, 27335, 77, 24745, 16, 59, 24734, 55, 25968, 25517, 16, 24596, 29283, 25766, 18, 28332, 24838, 25065, 25051, 25443, 24645, 24585, 26892, 74, 87, 30, 28297, 24815, 69, 28128, 28430, 10, 25149, 56, 26786, 25852, 24581, 24627, 26647, 26750, 24590, 25596, 17, 24868, 27521, 24581, 25950, 25596, 29893, 25575, 24581, 25950, 54, 24655, 26798, 25575, 24581, 24585, 25740, 28121, 26601, 29732, 29994, 24596, 28010, 24581, 28297, 27121, 16, 25950, 54, 24655, 26798, 25575, 25572, 24581, 26252, 26252, 26712, 24581, 25950, 24868, 26818, 25572, 24581, 26252 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
19571384
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keck%20Hospital%20of%20USC
Keck Hospital of USC
The Keck Hospital of USC, formerly USC University Hospital, is a private 401–licensed bed teaching hospital of the University of Southern California (USC). The hospital is part of the USC Keck School of Medicine, it is located on the USC Health Sciences Campus, which is adjacent to the Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, east of Downtown Los Angeles. In 2019, the Keck Hospital of USC was ranked by U.S. News & World Report as the 18th-best hospital out of more than 6,000 medical centers in the United States, and fifth on the West Coast after the UCLA Ronald Reagan Medical Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCSF Medical Center, and Stanford University Medical Center. The Keck Medical Center of USC includes two acute care hospitals: 401-licensed bed Keck Hospital of USC and 60-licensed bed USC Norris Cancer Hospital; two community hospitals: USC Verdugo Hills Hospital and USC Arcadia Hospital, and four outpatient healthcare clinics . Under the Keck Medicine of USC banner there are two community hospitals, USC Verdugo Hills Hospital located in the city of Glendale. and USC Arcadia Hospital located in the city of Arcadia. History The hospital was started in 1991 by National Medical Enterprises (later renamed Tenet Healthcare). While Tenet had ownership of the hospital it was staffed by doctors from the Keck School Of Medicine. In 2006, USC sued Tenet to end the agreement. Three years later in 2009, Tenet Healthcare sold the hospital and USC Norris Cancer Hospital to USC for $275 million, which then allowed USC to fully integrate the hospitals under the Keck Medicine Of USC branding. References External links Keck Hospital in the CA Healthcare Atlas — a project by OSHPD. Keck School of Medicine of USC Hospitals in Los Angeles Teaching hospitals in California University of Southern California buildings and structures Hospital buildings completed in 1991 Hospitals established in 1991 1991 establishments in California Eastside Los Angeles
[ "The", "Ke", "ck", "Hospital", "of", "US", "C", ",", "formerly", "US", "C", "University", "Hospital", ",", "is", "a", "private", "40", "1", "–", "lic", "ens", "ed", "bed", "teach", "ing", "hospital", "of", "the", "University", "of", "Southern", "California", "(", "US", "C", ").", "The", "hospital", "is", "part", "of", "the", "US", "C", "Ke", "ck", "School", "of", "Med", "icine", ",", "it", "is", "located", "on", "the", "US", "C", "Health", "Sciences", "Camp", "us", ",", "which", "is", "ad", "j", "ac", "ent", "to", "the", "Los", "Angeles", "County", "-", "US", "C", "Medical", "Center", ",", "east", "of", "Down", "town", "Los", "Angeles", ".", "In", "2019", ",", "the", "Ke", "ck", "Hospital", "of", "US", "C", "was", "ranked", "by", "U", ".", "S", ".", "News", "&", "World", "Re", "port", "as", "the", "18th", "-", "best", "hospital", "out", "of", "more", "than", "6", ",", "000", "medical", "cent", "ers", "in", "the", "United", "States", ",", "and", "fifth", "on", "the", "West", "Coast", "after", "the", "UC", "LA", "Ron", "ald", "Re", "agan", "Medical", "Center", ",", "C", "ed", "ars", "-", "S", "ina", "i", "Medical", "Center", ",", "UC", "S", "F", "Medical", "Center", ",", "and", "Stan", "ford", "University", "Medical", "Center", ".", "The", "Ke", "ck", "Medical", "Center", "of", "US", "C", "includes", "two", "ac", "ute", "care", "h", "osp", "it", "als", ":", "40", "1", "-", "lic", "ens", "ed", "bed", "Ke", "ck", "Hospital", "of", "US", "C", "and", "60", "-", "lic", "ens", "ed", "bed", "US", "C", "Nor", "ris", "Can", "cer", "Hospital", ";", "two", "community", "h", "osp", "it", "als", ":", "US", "C", "Ver", "du", "go", "Hill", "s", "Hospital", "and", "US", "C", "Ar", "c", "ad", "ia", "Hospital", ",", "and", "four", "out", "pat", "ient", "health", "care", "cl", "in", "ics", ".", "Under", "the", "Ke", "ck", "Med", "icine", "of", "US", "C", "b", "ann", "er", "there", "are", "two", "community", "h", "osp", "it", "als", ",", "US", "C", "Ver", "du", "go", "Hill", "s", "Hospital", "located", "in", "the", "city", "of", "Gl", "end", "ale", ".", "and", "US", "C", "Ar", "c", "ad", "ia", "Hospital", "located", "in", "the", "city", "of", "Ar", "c", "ad", "ia", ".", "History", "The", "hospital", "was", "started", "in", "1991", "by", "National", "Medical", "Enter", "pr", "ises", "(", "later", "renamed", "Ten", "et", "Health", "care", ").", "While", "Ten", "et", "had", "own", "ership", "of", "the", "hospital", "it", "was", "staff", "ed", "by", "do", "ctors", "from", "the", "Ke", "ck", "School", "Of", "Med", "icine", ".", "In", "2006", ",", "US", "C", "su", "ed", "Ten", "et", "to", "end", "the", "agreement", ".", "Three", "years", "later", "in", "2009", ",", "Ten", "et", "Health", "care", "sold", "the", "hospital", "and", "US", "C", "Nor", "ris", "Can", "cer", "Hospital", "to", "US", "C", "for", "$", "27", "5", "million", ",", "which", "then", "allowed", "US", "C", "to", "fully", "integr", "ate", "the", "h", "osp", "it", "als", "under", "the", "Ke", "ck", "Med", "icine", "Of", "US", "C", "brand", "ing", ".", "References", "External", "links", "Ke", "ck", "Hospital", "in", "the", "CA", "Health", "care", "Atl", "as", "—", "a", "project", "by", "OS", "H", "P", "D", ".", "Ke", "ck", "School", "of", "Med", "icine", "of", "US", "C", "H", "osp", "it", "als", "in", "Los", "Angeles", "Te", "ach", "ing", "h", "osp", "it", "als", "in", "California", "University", "of", "Southern", "California", "buildings", "and", "structures", "Hospital", "buildings", "completed", "in", "1991", "H", "osp", "it", "als", "established", "in", "1991", "1991", "establishments", "in", "California", "E", "as", "ts", "ide", "Los", "Angeles" ]
[ 24627, 26434, 25188, 28519, 24595, 25473, 39, 16, 28598, 25473, 39, 25015, 28519, 16, 24593, 69, 27145, 25929, 21, 4992, 25020, 24845, 24588, 27565, 26575, 24599, 28527, 24595, 24585, 25015, 24595, 27602, 25950, 12, 25473, 39, 24874, 24627, 28527, 24593, 24791, 24595, 24585, 25473, 39, 26434, 25188, 25262, 24595, 25536, 28746, 16, 24598, 24593, 25616, 24584, 24585, 25473, 39, 27779, 29108, 26929, 24640, 16, 24763, 24593, 24614, 78, 24616, 24609, 24601, 24585, 26870, 27292, 25239, 17, 25473, 39, 28999, 26543, 16, 26376, 24595, 28777, 25305, 26870, 27292, 18, 24657, 25655, 16, 24585, 26434, 25188, 28519, 24595, 25473, 39, 24625, 29349, 24647, 57, 18, 55, 18, 27860, 10, 25166, 24693, 24873, 24594, 24585, 29048, 17, 26066, 28527, 24767, 24595, 25060, 25208, 26, 16, 25348, 28069, 24804, 24629, 24581, 24585, 24994, 25131, 16, 24596, 28561, 24584, 24585, 25526, 28135, 24942, 24585, 29466, 28427, 28944, 26624, 24693, 29878, 28999, 26543, 16, 39, 24588, 25289, 17, 55, 25110, 77, 28999, 26543, 16, 29466, 55, 42, 28999, 26543, 16, 24596, 28020, 25579, 25015, 28999, 26543, 18, 24627, 26434, 25188, 28999, 26543, 24595, 25473, 39, 27029, 24907, 24616, 25412, 27287, 76, 26119, 24598, 24702, 30, 25929, 21, 17, 25020, 24845, 24588, 27565, 26434, 25188, 28519, 24595, 25473, 39, 24596, 26366, 17, 25020, 24845, 24588, 27565, 25473, 39, 25011, 26739, 25189, 25040, 28519, 31, 24907, 26248, 76, 26119, 24598, 24702, 30, 25473, 39, 26670, 24749, 25192, 26548, 87, 28519, 24596, 25473, 39, 24780, 71, 24614, 24677, 28519, 16, 24596, 25253, 24767, 25553, 25397, 27001, 27287, 24691, 24581, 24930, 18, 27245, 24585, 26434, 25188, 25536, 28746, 24595, 25473, 39, 70, 24910, 24582, 25201, 24686, 24907, 26248, 76, 26119, 24598, 24702, 16, 25473, 39, 26670, 24749, 25192, 26548, 87, 28519, 25616, 24581, 24585, 25491, 24595, 25899, 24725, 24988, 18, 24596, 25473, 39, 24780, 71, 24614, 24677, 28519, 25616, 24581, 24585, 25491, 24595, 24780, 71, 24614, 24677, 18, 25592, 24627, 28527, 24625, 26213, 24581, 26487, 24647, 25155, 28999, 28287, 24666, 27622, 12, 25163, 28816, 29242, 24645, 27779, 27287, 24874, 26751, 29242, 24645, 24798, 24781, 26689, 24595, 24585, 28527, 24598, 24625, 27225, 24588, 24647, 25161, 28748, 24672, 24585, 26434, 25188, 25262, 28119, 25536, 28746, 18, 24657, 25562, 16, 25473, 39, 24701, 24588, 29242, 24645, 24601, 24725, 24585, 29243, 18, 28336, 25100, 25163, 24581, 25531, 16, 29242, 24645, 27779, 27287, 26090, 24585, 28527, 24596, 25473, 39, 25011, 26739, 25189, 25040, 28519, 24601, 25473, 39, 24618, 8, 25563, 25, 26016, 16, 24763, 25115, 27702, 25473, 39, 24601, 28416, 28555, 24688, 24585, 76, 26119, 24598, 24702, 25016, 24585, 26434, 25188, 25536, 28746, 28119, 25473, 39, 29212, 24599, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 26434, 25188, 28519, 24581, 24585, 26125, 27779, 27287, 26952, 24594, 4993, 69, 26144, 24647, 28644, 44, 52, 40, 18, 26434, 25188, 25262, 24595, 25536, 28746, 24595, 25473, 39, 44, 26119, 24598, 24702, 24581, 26870, 27292, 25431, 24769, 24599, 76, 26119, 24598, 24702, 24581, 25950, 25015, 24595, 27602, 25950, 26800, 24596, 28010, 28519, 26800, 26534, 24581, 26487, 44, 26119, 24598, 24702, 25572, 24581, 26487, 26487, 26712, 24581, 25950, 41, 24594, 24704, 24814, 26870, 27292 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
67142001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C5%82gorzata%20Chmiel
Małgorzata Chmiel
Małgorzata Chmiel (born 1 May 1953) is a Polish politician. She was elected to the Sejm (9th term) representing the constituency of Gdańsk. She previously also served in the 8th term of the Sejm (2015–2019). References Living people 1953 births Place of birth missing (living people) 21st-century Polish politicians 21st-century Polish women politicians Members of the Polish Sejm 2015–2019 Members of the Polish Sejm 2019–2023 Women members of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland
[ "Ma", "ł", "gor", "z", "ata", "Ch", "m", "iel", "(", "born", "1", "May", "1953", ")", "is", "a", "Polish", "politician", ".", "She", "was", "elected", "to", "the", "Se", "j", "m", "(", "9", "th", "term", ")", "represent", "ing", "the", "constitu", "ency", "of", "G", "da", "ń", "sk", ".", "She", "previously", "also", "served", "in", "the", "8", "th", "term", "of", "the", "Se", "j", "m", "(", "2015", "–", "2019", ").", "References", "Living", "people", "1953", "births", "Place", "of", "birth", "missing", "(", "living", "people", ")", "21st", "-", "century", "Polish", "politicians", "21st", "-", "century", "Polish", "women", "politicians", "Members", "of", "the", "Polish", "Se", "j", "m", "2015", "–", "2019", "Members", "of", "the", "Polish", "Se", "j", "m", "2019", "–", "2023", "Women", "members", "of", "the", "Se", "j", "m", "of", "the", "Republic", "of", "Poland" ]
[ 26255, 289, 29555, 94, 25591, 24698, 81, 25025, 12, 25049, 21, 25176, 28158, 13, 24593, 69, 27805, 26900, 18, 25079, 24625, 26354, 24601, 24585, 24779, 78, 81, 12, 29, 24580, 26334, 13, 25833, 24599, 24585, 28875, 26322, 24595, 43, 26963, 291, 25252, 18, 25079, 27408, 24762, 25612, 24581, 24585, 28, 24580, 26334, 24595, 24585, 24779, 78, 81, 12, 25611, 4992, 25655, 24874, 24838, 25766, 24941, 28158, 25393, 29215, 24595, 26653, 27386, 12, 26283, 24941, 13, 26639, 17, 25087, 27805, 27901, 26639, 17, 25087, 27805, 25522, 27901, 27585, 24595, 24585, 27805, 24779, 78, 81, 25611, 4992, 25655, 27585, 24595, 24585, 27805, 24779, 78, 81, 25655, 4992, 26435, 26348, 25622, 24595, 24585, 24779, 78, 81, 24595, 24585, 26681, 24595, 27813 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
29327356
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraz%C3%A3o%20Arreigada
Frazão Arreigada
Frazão Arreigada is a civil parish in the municipality of Paços de Ferreira, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Frazão and Arreigada. The population in 2011 was 6,263, in an area of 7.28 km². References Freguesias of Paços de Ferreira
[ "F", "ra", "z", "ão", "Ar", "re", "ig", "ada", "is", "a", "civil", "parish", "in", "the", "municipality", "of", "P", "a", "ç", "os", "de", "Fer", "re", "ira", ",", "Port", "ug", "al", ".", "It", "was", "formed", "in", "2013", "by", "the", "mer", "ger", "of", "the", "former", "parish", "es", "F", "ra", "z", "ão", "and", "Ar", "re", "ig", "ada", ".", "The", "population", "in", "2011", "was", "6", ",", "26", "3", ",", "in", "an", "area", "of", "7", ".", "28", "km", "²", ".", "References", "F", "reg", "ues", "ias", "of", "P", "a", "ç", "os", "de", "Fer", "re", "ira" ]
[ 42, 24840, 94, 29117, 24780, 24600, 24628, 27015, 24593, 69, 27052, 28301, 24581, 24585, 28016, 24595, 52, 69, 198, 24674, 24650, 27305, 24600, 28146, 16, 26170, 24880, 24591, 18, 24805, 24625, 25648, 24581, 25578, 24647, 24585, 24719, 26065, 24595, 24585, 25346, 28301, 24589, 42, 24840, 94, 29117, 24596, 24780, 24600, 24628, 27015, 18, 24627, 25755, 24581, 25476, 24625, 26, 16, 25552, 23, 16, 24581, 24583, 25450, 24595, 27, 18, 25555, 26020, 145, 18, 24838, 42, 24954, 25966, 28277, 24595, 52, 69, 198, 24674, 24650, 27305, 24600, 28146 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
30629524
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minacs
Minacs
Minacs was a Canadian business and technology outsourcing company, headquartered in Oshawa, Ontario. The company provided outsourced customer life cycle, marketing, finance and accounting, procurement, and information technology services. History Minacs was founded in 1981 in Oshawa, Ontario, by Elaine Minacs. The company began as a temporary employment agency, before becoming a contact center business in 1999, supporting the American and Canadian automotive industries. The company subsequently grew its client portfolio to encompass leading banking, telecom, and technology clients. It also expanded its services portfolio from contact center to Customer Relationship Management (CRM), and added integrated marketing services by acquiring the US-based Phoenix Group in 2001. In October 2006, Minacs was acquired by Aditya Birla Group, through subsidiary TransWorks. Minacs and TransWorks were merged the following year, and the combined entity was renamed Aditya Birla Minacs. In 2009, Aditya Birla Minacs opened operations centers in Vadodara (Baroda), Aurangabad, Chennai, Kolkata and Ranchi in India, to offer outsourcing services to domestic Indian clients. In March 2010, Aditya Birla Minacs announced the acquisition of London-based Compass BPO, seeking to acquire a significant finance and accounting outsourcing capability. The company also acquired the Minnesota-based Bureau of Collection Recovery (BCR) in June 2010, adding accounts receivable management and collections services to their portfolio. In 2014, Aditya Birla sold Minacs to a group of investors, including private equity firms Capital Square Partners and CX Partners, for roughly $260 million. On July 12, 2016, Synnex announced their acquisition of Minacs. The deal was completed on August 1, and Minacs's operations were merged into Concentrix. Operations Minacs partnered with global corporations in the manufacturing, retail, telecommunication, technology, media and entertainment, banking, insurance, healthcare and public sector. As of April 2014, Minacs employed 21,000 across 3 continents, with 35 facilities in Canada, Germany, Hungary, India, Jamaica, the Philippines, the United Kingdom, and the United States.. Minacs was a contractor of General Motors, and their work included operating OnStar call centers. References External links Business process outsourcing companies Call centre companies Outsourcing companies
[ "Min", "ac", "s", "was", "a", "Canadian", "business", "and", "technology", "outs", "our", "cing", "company", ",", "head", "quarter", "ed", "in", "O", "sh", "awa", ",", "Ontario", ".", "The", "company", "provided", "outs", "our", "ced", "cus", "to", "mer", "life", "cycle", ",", "market", "ing", ",", "fin", "ance", "and", "ac", "coun", "ting", ",", "pro", "c", "ure", "ment", ",", "and", "information", "technology", "services", ".", "History", "Min", "ac", "s", "was", "founded", "in", "1981", "in", "O", "sh", "awa", ",", "Ontario", ",", "by", "El", "ain", "e", "Min", "ac", "s", ".", "The", "company", "began", "as", "a", "temporary", "employ", "ment", "ag", "ency", ",", "before", "becoming", "a", "cont", "act", "center", "business", "in", "1999", ",", "support", "ing", "the", "American", "and", "Canadian", "autom", "ot", "ive", "industr", "ies", ".", "The", "company", "subsequently", "grew", "its", "cl", "ient", "port", "f", "ol", "io", "to", "en", "comp", "ass", "leading", "bank", "ing", ",", "tele", "com", ",", "and", "technology", "cl", "ients", ".", "It", "also", "expanded", "its", "services", "port", "f", "ol", "io", "from", "cont", "act", "center", "to", "C", "us", "to", "mer", "Rel", "ation", "ship", "Management", "(", "C", "R", "M", "),", "and", "added", "integr", "ated", "market", "ing", "services", "by", "acqu", "iring", "the", "US", "-", "based", "Ph", "o", "en", "ix", "Group", "in", "2001", ".", "In", "October", "2006", ",", "Min", "ac", "s", "was", "acquired", "by", "Ad", "ity", "a", "Bir", "la", "Group", ",", "through", "sub", "sid", "i", "ary", "Trans", "Works", ".", "Min", "ac", "s", "and", "Trans", "Works", "were", "mer", "ged", "the", "following", "year", ",", "and", "the", "combined", "ent", "ity", "was", "renamed", "Ad", "ity", "a", "Bir", "la", "Min", "ac", "s", ".", "In", "2009", ",", "Ad", "ity", "a", "Bir", "la", "Min", "ac", "s", "opened", "operations", "cent", "ers", "in", "V", "ad", "od", "ara", "(", "Bar", "od", "a", "),", "A", "ur", "ang", "ab", "ad", ",", "Ch", "enn", "ai", ",", "K", "olk", "ata", "and", "R", "anch", "i", "in", "India", ",", "to", "offer", "outs", "our", "cing", "services", "to", "dom", "estic", "Indian", "cl", "ients", ".", "In", "March", "2010", ",", "Ad", "ity", "a", "Bir", "la", "Min", "ac", "s", "announced", "the", "acqu", "is", "ition", "of", "London", "-", "based", "Com", "pass", "B", "P", "O", ",", "seek", "ing", "to", "acqu", "ire", "a", "significant", "fin", "ance", "and", "ac", "coun", "ting", "outs", "our", "cing", "cap", "ability", ".", "The", "company", "also", "acquired", "the", "Minnesota", "-", "based", "B", "ureau", "of", "Col", "lection", "Re", "covery", "(", "BC", "R", ")", "in", "June", "2010", ",", "add", "ing", "ac", "coun", "ts", "rece", "iv", "able", "management", "and", "colle", "ctions", "services", "to", "their", "port", "f", "ol", "io", ".", "In", "2014", ",", "Ad", "ity", "a", "Bir", "la", "sold", "Min", "ac", "s", "to", "a", "group", "of", "invest", "ors", ",", "including", "private", "equ", "ity", "fir", "ms", "Cap", "ital", "S", "quare", "Part", "ners", "and", "C", "X", "Part", "ners", ",", "for", "rough", "ly", "$", "26", "0", "million", ".", "On", "July", "12", ",", "2016", ",", "Sy", "n", "ne", "x", "announced", "their", "acqu", "is", "ition", "of", "Min", "ac", "s", ".", "The", "deal", "was", "completed", "on", "August", "1", ",", "and", "Min", "ac", "s", "'", "s", "operations", "were", "mer", "ged", "into", "Con", "centr", "ix", ".", "Oper", "ations", "Min", "ac", "s", "part", "n", "ered", "with", "gl", "obal", "corpor", "ations", "in", "the", "manufact", "uring", ",", "ret", "ail", ",", "tele", "communic", "ation", ",", "technology", ",", "media", "and", "enter", "tainment", ",", "bank", "ing", ",", "ins", "ur", "ance", ",", "health", "care", "and", "public", "se", "ctor", ".", "As", "of", "April", "2014", ",", "Min", "ac", "s", "employ", "ed", "21", ",", "000", "across", "3", "contin", "ents", ",", "with", "35", "facilities", "in", "Canada", ",", "Germany", ",", "Hung", "ary", ",", "India", ",", "J", "ama", "ica", ",", "the", "Philippines", ",", "the", "United", "Kingdom", ",", "and", "the", "United", "States", "..", "Min", "ac", "s", "was", "a", "contract", "or", "of", "General", "Mot", "ors", ",", "and", "their", "work", "included", "operating", "On", "Star", "call", "cent", "ers", ".", "References", "External", "links", "Business", "process", "outs", "our", "cing", "companies", "Call", "centre", "companies", "Out", "s", "our", "cing", "companies" ]
[ 25507, 24616, 87, 24625, 69, 26113, 26045, 24596, 28485, 26615, 24714, 27815, 25684, 16, 25342, 27549, 24588, 24581, 51, 24690, 27539, 16, 28672, 18, 24627, 25684, 27380, 26615, 24714, 24926, 26722, 24601, 24719, 25372, 29829, 16, 26915, 24599, 16, 24943, 24985, 24596, 24616, 25008, 25737, 16, 24685, 71, 24794, 24718, 16, 24596, 26961, 28485, 26481, 18, 25592, 25507, 24616, 87, 24625, 26409, 24581, 27073, 24581, 51, 24690, 27539, 16, 28672, 16, 24647, 25421, 24667, 73, 25507, 24616, 87, 18, 24627, 25684, 25623, 24594, 69, 29468, 26632, 24718, 24638, 26322, 16, 25327, 28059, 69, 25062, 24756, 25886, 26045, 24581, 26082, 16, 25983, 24599, 24585, 24868, 24596, 26113, 28922, 24643, 24723, 26522, 24675, 18, 24627, 25684, 28307, 29125, 24783, 24691, 25397, 24873, 74, 24612, 24860, 24601, 24587, 24770, 24732, 27000, 27237, 24599, 16, 25602, 24665, 16, 24596, 28485, 24691, 27434, 18, 24805, 24762, 29710, 24783, 26481, 24873, 74, 24612, 24860, 24672, 25062, 24756, 25886, 24601, 39, 24640, 24601, 24719, 27689, 24626, 24929, 29753, 12, 39, 54, 49, 24758, 24596, 27220, 28555, 24712, 26915, 24599, 26481, 24647, 26501, 29673, 24585, 25473, 17, 25413, 25218, 83, 24587, 25012, 26305, 24581, 25933, 18, 24657, 25336, 25562, 16, 25507, 24616, 87, 24625, 28369, 24647, 25266, 24683, 69, 28019, 25403, 26305, 16, 25172, 25097, 29083, 77, 24713, 26781, 28835, 18, 25507, 24616, 87, 24596, 26781, 28835, 24747, 24719, 26162, 24585, 25528, 24854, 16, 24596, 24585, 29570, 24609, 24683, 24625, 28816, 25266, 24683, 69, 28019, 25403, 25507, 24616, 87, 18, 24657, 25531, 16, 25266, 24683, 69, 28019, 25403, 25507, 24616, 87, 26274, 27791, 24804, 24629, 24581, 58, 24614, 24694, 25956, 12, 25497, 24694, 69, 24758, 37, 24615, 24822, 24662, 24614, 16, 24698, 25187, 25257, 16, 47, 27114, 25591, 24596, 54, 27715, 77, 24581, 26047, 16, 24601, 26735, 26615, 24714, 27815, 26481, 24601, 25784, 29351, 25759, 24691, 27434, 18, 24657, 25317, 25449, 16, 25266, 24683, 69, 28019, 25403, 25507, 24616, 87, 26091, 24585, 26501, 24593, 24793, 24595, 25712, 17, 25413, 24875, 25565, 38, 52, 51, 16, 29947, 24599, 24601, 26501, 24792, 69, 27122, 24943, 24985, 24596, 24616, 25008, 25737, 26615, 24714, 27815, 25238, 26382, 18, 24627, 25684, 24762, 28369, 24585, 28653, 17, 25413, 38, 29715, 24595, 24997, 26155, 24693, 29140, 12, 25924, 54, 13, 24581, 25347, 25449, 16, 25301, 24599, 24616, 25008, 24704, 25325, 24622, 24914, 27986, 24596, 29375, 25509, 26481, 24601, 24862, 24873, 74, 24612, 24860, 18, 24657, 25590, 16, 25266, 24683, 69, 28019, 25403, 26090, 25507, 24616, 87, 24601, 69, 25273, 24595, 26535, 24903, 16, 25260, 27145, 25999, 24683, 24787, 25865, 26010, 25430, 55, 27781, 25593, 28557, 24596, 39, 60, 25593, 28557, 16, 24618, 27783, 24633, 8, 25552, 20, 26016, 18, 24964, 25363, 25074, 16, 25600, 16, 25558, 82, 24687, 92, 26091, 24862, 26501, 24593, 24793, 24595, 25507, 24616, 87, 18, 24627, 27289, 24625, 26534, 24584, 25313, 21, 16, 24596, 25507, 24616, 87, 11, 87, 27791, 24747, 24719, 26162, 25000, 24924, 29571, 25012, 18, 27174, 24833, 25507, 24616, 87, 24791, 82, 25351, 24651, 25722, 27982, 29820, 24833, 24581, 24585, 27696, 24905, 16, 25055, 24916, 16, 25602, 28113, 24626, 16, 28485, 16, 27063, 24596, 27270, 28310, 16, 27237, 24599, 16, 25080, 24615, 24985, 16, 27001, 27287, 24596, 25242, 24620, 25158, 18, 24906, 24595, 25381, 25590, 16, 25507, 24616, 87, 26632, 24588, 25004, 16, 25348, 26836, 23, 25481, 24883, 16, 24651, 26400, 29379, 24581, 26124, 16, 26269, 16, 27533, 24713, 16, 26047, 16, 46, 25614, 25177, 16, 24585, 29296, 16, 24585, 24994, 26514, 16, 24596, 24585, 24994, 25131, 25535, 25507, 24616, 87, 24625, 69, 26899, 24586, 24595, 25991, 28079, 24903, 16, 24596, 24862, 24918, 25922, 29260, 24964, 26966, 25230, 24804, 24629, 18, 24838, 25065, 25051, 28513, 26256, 26615, 24714, 27815, 26818, 29548, 28026, 26818, 27159, 87, 24714, 27815, 26818 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
28858070
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel%20Luna%20%28actor%29
Manuel Luna (actor)
Manuel Luna (27 April 1898 – 9 June 1958) was a Spanish film actor. Selected filmography Nobleza baturra (1935) - Marco Carmen, la de Triana (1938) - Antonio Vargas Heredia The Song of Aixa (1939) Whirlwind (1941) - Segundo Izquierdo Follow the Legion (1942) Malvaloca (1942) We Thieves Are Honourable (1942) The Scandal (1943) A Shadow at the Window (1944) White Mission (1946) The Captain's Ship (1947) Lola Leaves for the Ports (1947) Madness for Love (1948) Neutrality (1949) The Captain from Loyola (1949) Currito of the Cross (1949) The Duchess of Benameji (1949) Agustina of Aragon (1950) Woman to Woman (1950) Dawn of America (1951) The Lioness of Castille (1951) Sister San Sulpicio (1952) Lola the Coalgirl (1952) Gloria Mairena (1952) Daughter of the Sea (1953) The Mayor of Zalamea (1954) An Andalusian Gentleman (1954) References External links 1888 births 1958 deaths Spanish male film actors Actors from Seville
[ "Man", "uel", "L", "una", "(", "27", "April", "189", "8", "–", "9", "June", "1958", ")", "was", "a", "Spanish", "film", "actor", ".", "Se", "lected", "film", "ography", "N", "ob", "le", "za", "bat", "ur", "ra", "(", "1935", ")", "-", "Mar", "co", "Car", "men", ",", "la", "de", "Tr", "iana", "(", "1938", ")", "-", "Anton", "io", "V", "arg", "as", "H", "ered", "ia", "The", "Song", "of", "A", "ix", "a", "(", "1939", ")", "Wh", "irl", "wind", "(", "1941", ")", "-", "Se", "gun", "do", "I", "z", "qu", "ier", "do", "Follow", "the", "Leg", "ion", "(", "1942", ")", "Mal", "val", "oc", "a", "(", "1942", ")", "We", "Th", "ie", "ves", "Are", "Hon", "our", "able", "(", "1942", ")", "The", "Sc", "and", "al", "(", "1943", ")", "A", "S", "had", "ow", "at", "the", "Wind", "ow", "(", "1944", ")", "White", "M", "ission", "(", "1946", ")", "The", "Captain", "'", "s", "Sh", "ip", "(", "1947", ")", "L", "ola", "Le", "aves", "for", "the", "Por", "ts", "(", "1947", ")", "Mad", "ness", "for", "Love", "(", "1948", ")", "Ne", "ut", "ral", "ity", "(", "1949", ")", "The", "Captain", "from", "L", "oy", "ola", "(", "1949", ")", "Cur", "rit", "o", "of", "the", "Cross", "(", "1949", ")", "The", "D", "uch", "ess", "of", "Ben", "ame", "ji", "(", "1949", ")", "Ag", "ust", "ina", "of", "Ar", "agon", "(", "1950", ")", "W", "oman", "to", "W", "oman", "(", "1950", ")", "D", "aw", "n", "of", "America", "(", "1951", ")", "The", "L", "ion", "ess", "of", "Cast", "ille", "(", "1951", ")", "S", "ister", "San", "S", "ul", "p", "ic", "io", "(", "1952", ")", "L", "ola", "the", "Co", "al", "girl", "(", "1952", ")", "Gl", "or", "ia", "M", "air", "ena", "(", "1952", ")", "D", "augh", "ter", "of", "the", "Sea", "(", "1953", ")", "The", "May", "or", "of", "Z", "al", "ame", "a", "(", "1954", ")", "An", "And", "al", "us", "ian", "G", "ent", "le", "man", "(", "1954", ")", "References", "External", "links", "188", "8", "births", "1958", "deaths", "Spanish", "male", "film", "actors", "Act", "ors", "from", "Se", "ville" ]
[ 25310, 26103, 48, 28431, 12, 25563, 25381, 25529, 28, 4992, 29, 25347, 27876, 13, 24625, 69, 26617, 24932, 27032, 18, 24779, 26342, 24932, 27070, 50, 24870, 24604, 26992, 28934, 24615, 24840, 12, 28606, 13, 17, 24829, 24869, 25198, 25203, 16, 25403, 24650, 25024, 27372, 12, 28398, 13, 17, 28219, 24860, 58, 25135, 24594, 44, 25351, 24677, 24627, 26777, 24595, 37, 25012, 69, 12, 27906, 13, 25067, 26337, 27059, 12, 27943, 13, 17, 24779, 26895, 25161, 45, 94, 24715, 25092, 25161, 27462, 24585, 26463, 24602, 12, 27811, 13, 25893, 25595, 24670, 69, 12, 27811, 13, 25472, 24824, 24716, 26048, 27970, 26877, 24714, 24914, 12, 27811, 13, 24627, 25076, 24596, 24591, 12, 27896, 13, 37, 55, 24798, 24639, 24590, 24585, 28133, 24639, 12, 27684, 13, 26680, 49, 25439, 12, 27977, 13, 24627, 28893, 11, 87, 24950, 24696, 12, 28055, 13, 48, 27002, 24843, 26625, 24618, 24585, 27774, 24704, 12, 28055, 13, 26431, 26060, 24618, 27236, 12, 27854, 13, 25486, 24660, 25542, 24683, 12, 28163, 13, 24627, 28893, 24672, 48, 24969, 27002, 12, 28163, 13, 26880, 24773, 83, 24595, 24585, 27723, 12, 28163, 13, 24627, 40, 25455, 24676, 24595, 26593, 24741, 28529, 12, 28163, 13, 26827, 24865, 25110, 24595, 24780, 27323, 12, 27966, 13, 59, 25460, 24601, 59, 25460, 12, 27966, 13, 40, 24766, 82, 24595, 26185, 12, 28230, 13, 24627, 48, 24602, 24676, 24595, 26502, 25757, 12, 28230, 13, 55, 25291, 25740, 55, 24649, 84, 24597, 24860, 12, 28022, 13, 48, 27002, 24585, 25287, 24591, 27456, 12, 28022, 13, 25899, 24586, 24677, 49, 24911, 26349, 12, 28022, 13, 40, 25634, 24621, 24595, 24585, 28207, 12, 28158, 13, 24627, 25176, 24586, 24595, 62, 24591, 24741, 69, 12, 28134, 13, 24800, 25695, 24591, 24640, 24669, 43, 24609, 24604, 24710, 12, 28134, 13, 24838, 25065, 25051, 25668, 28, 25393, 27876, 25989, 26617, 25985, 24932, 27797, 25928, 24903, 24672, 24779, 26100 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
29206765
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%20Legendre%20%28Lower%20Canada%20politician%29
Louis Legendre (Lower Canada politician)
Louis Legendre (February 5, 1779 – December 12, 1860) was a land surveyor and politician in Lower Canada. He represented Buckinghamshire in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1808 to 1809. His name also appears as Louis Le Gendre. He was born in Sainte-Croix-de-Lotbinière, the son of François Legendre and Marie-Joseph Lemay. Legendre obtained his commission as surveyor in 1800. He settled in Saint-Louis parish at Lotbinière. Legendre did not run for reelection to the assembly in 1809. He was named magistrate for Quebec district in 1815. In the same year, he married Julie Hamelin. Legendre served as captain in the militia, reaching the rank of lieutenant-colonel in 1827. In 1838, he was named a commissioner for the summary trial of minor causes. Legendre died in Deschaillons at the age of 81. His older brother François Legendre also served as a member of the assembly. References 1779 births 1860 deaths Members of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada
[ "Louis", "Leg", "end", "re", "(", "February", "5", ",", "17", "79", "–", "December", "12", ",", "186", "0", ")", "was", "a", "land", "sur", "vey", "or", "and", "politician", "in", "L", "ower", "Canada", ".", "He", "represented", "B", "uck", "ingham", "shire", "in", "the", "Legisl", "ative", "Assembly", "of", "L", "ower", "Canada", "from", "180", "8", "to", "180", "9", ".", "His", "name", "also", "appears", "as", "Louis", "Le", "G", "end", "re", ".", "He", "was", "born", "in", "S", "ain", "te", "-", "Cro", "ix", "-", "de", "-", "L", "ot", "b", "ini", "è", "re", ",", "the", "son", "of", "Fran", "ç", "ois", "Leg", "end", "re", "and", "Mar", "ie", "-", "Joseph", "Lem", "ay", ".", "Leg", "end", "re", "obtained", "his", "commission", "as", "sur", "vey", "or", "in", "18", "00", ".", "He", "sett", "led", "in", "Saint", "-", "Louis", "parish", "at", "L", "ot", "b", "ini", "è", "re", ".", "Leg", "end", "re", "did", "not", "run", "for", "ree", "lection", "to", "the", "as", "sembly", "in", "180", "9", ".", "He", "was", "named", "mag", "istr", "ate", "for", "Que", "bec", "district", "in", "18", "15", ".", "In", "the", "same", "year", ",", "he", "married", "Jul", "ie", "Ham", "el", "in", ".", "Leg", "end", "re", "served", "as", "captain", "in", "the", "m", "ilit", "ia", ",", "reach", "ing", "the", "rank", "of", "lie", "utenant", "-", "colon", "el", "in", "18", "27", ".", "In", "18", "38", ",", "he", "was", "named", "a", "commission", "er", "for", "the", "sum", "m", "ary", "trial", "of", "minor", "ca", "uses", ".", "Leg", "end", "re", "died", "in", "Des", "ch", "a", "ill", "ons", "at", "the", "age", "of", "81", ".", "His", "older", "brother", "Fran", "ç", "ois", "Leg", "end", "re", "also", "served", "as", "a", "member", "of", "the", "as", "sembly", ".", "References", "17", "79", "births", "186", "0", "deaths", "Members", "of", "the", "Legisl", "ative", "Assembly", "of", "L", "ower", "Canada" ]
[ 26584, 26463, 24725, 24600, 12, 25500, 25, 16, 24940, 28719, 4992, 25422, 25074, 16, 25802, 20, 13, 24625, 69, 24775, 25281, 27162, 24586, 24596, 26900, 24581, 48, 25222, 26124, 18, 24736, 27544, 38, 25776, 29707, 26249, 24581, 24585, 28979, 25077, 27458, 24595, 48, 25222, 26124, 24672, 27226, 28, 24601, 27226, 29, 18, 25496, 25364, 24762, 28294, 24594, 26584, 24843, 43, 24725, 24600, 18, 24736, 24625, 25049, 24581, 55, 24667, 24680, 17, 27838, 25012, 17, 24650, 17, 48, 24643, 70, 26897, 199, 24600, 16, 24585, 24951, 24595, 25146, 198, 26848, 26463, 24725, 24600, 24596, 24829, 24716, 17, 27294, 28763, 24632, 18, 26463, 24725, 24600, 29943, 24684, 27428, 24594, 25281, 27162, 24586, 24581, 24722, 24799, 18, 24736, 26304, 25121, 24581, 26898, 17, 26584, 28301, 24590, 48, 24643, 70, 26897, 199, 24600, 18, 26463, 24725, 24600, 25671, 24809, 25399, 24618, 24846, 26155, 24601, 24585, 24594, 26941, 24581, 27226, 29, 18, 24736, 24625, 25533, 25984, 24901, 24688, 24618, 26080, 24999, 25906, 24581, 24722, 25018, 18, 24657, 24585, 25515, 24854, 16, 24607, 26160, 27661, 24716, 26549, 24613, 24581, 18, 26463, 24725, 24600, 25612, 24594, 29279, 24581, 24585, 81, 25521, 24677, 16, 26067, 24599, 24585, 28989, 24595, 27404, 28408, 17, 27916, 24613, 24581, 24722, 25563, 18, 24657, 24722, 26865, 16, 24607, 24625, 25533, 69, 27428, 24582, 24618, 24585, 27198, 81, 24713, 29124, 24595, 27749, 25656, 26332, 18, 26463, 24725, 24600, 25727, 24581, 25864, 24610, 69, 24689, 25285, 24590, 24585, 24754, 24595, 29865, 18, 25496, 28002, 26936, 25146, 198, 26848, 26463, 24725, 24600, 24762, 25612, 24594, 69, 25537, 24595, 24585, 24594, 26941, 18, 24838, 24940, 28719, 25393, 25802, 20, 25989, 27585, 24595, 24585, 28979, 25077, 27458, 24595, 48, 25222, 26124 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]