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generate questions: In 1924, the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created as a part of Uzbekistan, but in 1929 the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik SSR) was made a separate constituent republic, however the predominantly ethnic Tajik cities of Samarkand and Bukhara remained in the Uzbek SSR. Between 1927 and 1934, collectivization of agriculture and a rapid expansion of cotton production took place, especially in the southern region. Soviet collectivization policy brought violence against peasants and forced resettlement occurred throughout Tajikistan. Consequently, some peasants fought collectivization and revived the Basmachi movement. Some small scale industrial development also occurred during this time along with the expansion of irrigation infrastructure. | In 1924, what was created as part of Uzbekistan? {sep_token} What happeded between 1927-1934? {sep_token} Where was the expansion of cotton and agriculture mainly? {sep_token} What forced resettlement throughout Tajikistan? {sep_token} What Republic was created in 1934? {sep_token} Between 1917 and what year did collectivization of agriculture occur? {sep_token} What policy brought violence against the rich? {sep_token} What movement was revived by the rich? {sep_token} Which predominately ethnic Tajik cities did not remain in the Uzbek SSR? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Two rounds of Soviet purges directed by Moscow (1927–1934 and 1937–1938) resulted in the expulsion of nearly 10,000 people, from all levels of the Communist Party of Tajikistan. Ethnic Russians were sent in to replace those expelled and subsequently Russians dominated party positions at all levels, including the top position of first secretary. Between 1926 and 1959 the proportion of Russians among Tajikistan's population grew from less than 1% to 13%. Bobojon Ghafurov, Tajikistan's First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan from 1946–1956 was the only Tajikistani politician of significance outside of the country during the Soviet Era. He was followed in office by Tursun Uljabayev (1956–61), Jabbor Rasulov (1961–1982), and Rahmon Nabiyev (1982–1985, 1991–1992). | Who directed the purges of Soviets? {sep_token} How many people were expelled?? {sep_token} Who were sent to replace the expelled positions? {sep_token} What did this cause when the expelled parties were replaced? {sep_token} What did the population of Russians do between 1926-1959? {sep_token} How many purges resulted in the expulsion of nearly 100,000 people? {sep_token} What group did not dominate any party positions? {sep_token} Between 1916 and 1959, which population grew to 13%? {sep_token} How many rounds of Soviet purges were directed by Manhattan? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Tajiks began to be conscripted into the Soviet Army in 1939 and during World War II around 260,000 Tajik citizens fought against Germany, Finland and Japan. Between 60,000(4%) and 120,000(8%) of Tajikistan's 1,530,000 citizens were killed during World War II. Following the war and Stalin's reign attempts were made to further expand the agriculture and industry of Tajikistan. During 1957–58 Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands Campaign focused attention on Tajikistan, where living conditions, education and industry lagged behind the other Soviet Republics. In the 1980s, Tajikistan had the lowest household saving rate in the USSR, the lowest percentage of households in the two top per capita income groups, and the lowest rate of university graduates per 1000 people. By the late 1980s Tajik nationalists were calling for increased rights. Real disturbances did not occur within the republic until 1990. The following year, the Soviet Union collapsed, and Tajikistan declared its independence. | When did Tajiks start being part of the Soviet Army? {sep_token} How many Tajik troops fought against Germany, Finland and Japan during WWII? {sep_token} What percent of Tajiks were killed during the war? {sep_token} What was not developing as fast as other Soviet Republics? {sep_token} Who began to be conscripted into the Soviet Army in 1929? {sep_token} Tajik citizens fought against Germany, France, and what country? {sep_token} Whose living conditions, education, and industry outpaced the other Soviet Republics? {sep_token} Who had the highest household saving rate in the USSR? {sep_token} By the late 1970s, Tajik nationalists were calling for what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The nation almost immediately fell into civil war that involved various factions fighting one another; these factions were often distinguished by clan loyalties. More than 500,000 residents fled during this time because of persecution, increased poverty and better economic opportunities in the West or in other former Soviet republics. Emomali Rahmon came to power in 1992, defeating former prime minister Abdumalik Abdullajanov in a November presidential election with 58% of the vote. The elections took place shortly after the end of the war, and Tajikistan was in a state of complete devastation. The estimated dead numbered over 100,000. Around 1.2 million people were refugees inside and outside of the country. In 1997, a ceasefire was reached between Rahmon and opposition parties under the guidance of Gerd D. Merrem, Special Representative to the Secretary General, a result widely praised as a successful United Nations peace keeping initiative. The ceasefire guaranteed 30% of ministerial positions would go to the opposition. Elections were held in 1999, though they were criticized by opposition parties and foreign observers as unfair and Rahmon was re-elected with 98% of the vote. Elections in 2006 were again won by Rahmon (with 79% of the vote) and he began his third term in office. Several opposition parties boycotted the 2006 election and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) criticized it, although observers from the Commonwealth of Independent States claimed the elections were legal and transparent. Rahmon's administration came under further criticism from the OSCE in October 2010 for its censorship and repression of the media. The OSCE claimed that the Tajik Government censored Tajik and foreign websites and instituted tax inspections on independent printing houses that led to the cessation of printing activities for a number of independent newspapers. | How were the different factions distinguished from eachother? {sep_token} Why did more than half a million people flee? {sep_token} Who came into power in 1992? {sep_token} What did the ceasefire guaranteed? {sep_token} Fractions were often distinguished by what? {sep_token} Who came to power in 1982? {sep_token} Elections took place shortly before the beginning of the what? {sep_token} A ceasefire was reached between Rider and opposition parties in what year? {sep_token} The OSHA claimed that the Tajik government censored what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Russian border troops were stationed along the Tajik–Afghan border until summer 2005. Since the September 11, 2001 attacks, French troops have been stationed at the Dushanbe Airport in support of air operations of NATO's International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan. United States Army and Marine Corps personnel periodically visit Tajikistan to conduct joint training missions of up to several weeks duration. The Government of India rebuilt the Ayni Air Base, a military airport located 15 km southwest of Dushanbe, at a cost of $70 million, completing the repairs in September 2010. It is now the main base of the Tajikistan air force. There have been talks with Russia concerning use of the Ayni facility, and Russia continues to maintain a large base on the outskirts of Dushanbe. | Who was stationed along the boarder? {sep_token} Where have French Troops been stationed since September 11, 2001? {sep_token} Why do US troops visit Tajikistan every so often? {sep_token} Where is the main base for the Tajikistan air force? {sep_token} What troops were stationed along the Tajik-African border? {sep_token} French troops have been stationed at the Dushanbe Airport since before what attacks? {sep_token} The Government of China rebuilt the Ayni what? {sep_token} What is the main base of the Taliban air force? {sep_token} There have been talks with Romania concerning use of what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: In 2010, there were concerns among Tajik officials that Islamic militarism in the east of the country was on the rise following the escape of 25 militants from a Tajik prison in August, an ambush that killed 28 Tajik soldiers in the Rasht Valley in September, and another ambush in the valley in October that killed 30 soldiers, followed by fighting outside Gharm that left 3 militants dead. To date the country's Interior Ministry asserts that the central government maintains full control over the country's east, and the military operation in the Rasht Valley was concluded in November 2010. However, fighting erupted again in July 2012. In 2015 Russia will send more troops to Tajikistan, as confirmed by a report of STRATFOR (magazine online) | Why was there concerns in 2010? {sep_token} How many solider were killed in September when Islamic militants escaped? {sep_token} When did the military operation end in Rasht Valley? {sep_token} When did Russia say they will be sending more troops to Tajikistan? {sep_token} In 1910, there were concerns among the Tajik officials that what? {sep_token} What operation in the Rasht Valley was concluded in November 1910? {sep_token} In 2015 Romania will send more what to Tajikistan? {sep_token} Fighting outside Guam left how many militants dead? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Tajikistan is officially a republic, and holds elections for the presidency and parliament, operating under a presidential system. It is, however, a dominant-party system, where the People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan routinely has a vast majority in Parliament. Emomalii Rahmon has held the office of President of Tajikistan continually since November 1994. The Prime Minister is Kokhir Rasulzoda, the First Deputy Prime Minister is Matlubkhon Davlatov and the two Deputy Prime Ministers are Murodali Alimardon and Ruqiya Qurbanova. | What type of government does Tajikistan have? {sep_token} What kind of system is a dominant-party system? {sep_token} When was Emomalii Rahmon elected president? {sep_token} Who is the prime minister of Tajikistan? {sep_token} Who are the Deputy Prime Ministers? {sep_token} Who operates under a communist system? {sep_token} Who has held the office of Vice President of Tajikistan since 1994? {sep_token} The former Prime Minister is who? {sep_token} The sole Deputy Prime Minister is who? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The parliamentary elections of 2005 aroused many accusations from opposition parties and international observers that President Emomalii Rahmon corruptly manipulates the election process and unemployment. The most recent elections, in February 2010, saw the ruling PDPT lose four seats in Parliament, yet still maintain a comfortable majority. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe election observers said the 2010 polling "failed to meet many key OSCE commitments" and that "these elections failed on many basic democratic standards." The government insisted that only minor violations had occurred, which would not affect the will of the Tajik people. | Why were parties upset in the 2005 election? {sep_token} What happened in the Feb 2010 election? {sep_token} What did the OSCE say that Tajikistan did? {sep_token} What was the Tajikistan governments response? {sep_token} The parliamentary election of 2015 aroused many what? {sep_token} Accusers believed that Vice President Emomalii Rahmon did what? {sep_token} The PDOT lost four seats in what election? {sep_token} Which polling met many key OSCE commitments? {sep_token} Who insisted that major violations occurred? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Freedom of the press is ostensibly officially guaranteed by the government, but independent press outlets remain restricted, as does a substantial amount of web content. According to the Institute for War & Peace Reporting, access is blocked to local and foreign websites including avesta.tj, Tjknews.com, ferghana.ru, centrasia.ru and journalists are often obstructed from reporting on controversial events. In practice, no public criticism of the regime is tolerated and all direct protest is severely suppressed and does not receive coverage in the local media. | Even though Tajikistan has freedom of the press, what is the problem with it? {sep_token} What access is blocked? {sep_token} What is not tolerated by the government in respect to media? {sep_token} What is not covered by local media? {sep_token} What remains unrestricted? {sep_token} Access is granted to local and foreign what? {sep_token} Criticism of what is often tolerated? {sep_token} What often receives coverage in the local media? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Tajikistan is landlocked, and is the smallest nation in Central Asia by area. It lies mostly between latitudes 36° and 41° N (a small area is north of 41°), and longitudes 67° and 75° E (a small area is east of 75°). It is covered by mountains of the Pamir range, and more than fifty percent of the country is over 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) above sea level. The only major areas of lower land are in the north (part of the Fergana Valley), and in the southern Kofarnihon and Vakhsh river valleys, which form the Amu Darya. Dushanbe is located on the southern slopes above the Kofarnihon valley. | What is the smalled nation in the Central Asia area? {sep_token} Where exactly is Tajikistan? {sep_token} What mountian range runs through Tajikistan? {sep_token} What area is under sea level? {sep_token} Where is Dushanbe located? {sep_token} Which country is the largest nation in Central Asia by area? {sep_token} What is covered by valleys of the Pamir range? {sep_token} Who has more than eighty percent of the country above sea level? {sep_token} The major areas of what are in the south? {sep_token} Which valleys form the Amika Darya? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Tajikistan's economy grew substantially after the war. The GDP of Tajikistan expanded at an average rate of 9.6% over the period of 2000–2007 according to the World Bank data. This improved Tajikistan's position among other Central Asian countries (namely Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan), which seem to have degraded economically ever since. The primary sources of income in Tajikistan are aluminium production, cotton growing and remittances from migrant workers. Cotton accounts for 60% of agricultural output, supporting 75% of the rural population, and using 45% of irrigated arable land. The aluminium industry is represented by the state-owned Tajik Aluminum Company – the biggest aluminium plant in Central Asia and one of the biggest in the world. | What was the rate that the GDP expanded? {sep_token} What is the primary source of income in Tajikistan? {sep_token} What accounts for 60% of the agricultural output? {sep_token} What is the name of the state owned company that produces aluminium? {sep_token} Whose economy declined after the war? {sep_token} The primary sources of income in Tajikistan are aluminum production, cow growing, and what? {sep_token} What accounts for 70% of agricultural output? {sep_token} What is the second biggest aluminum plant in Central Asia? {sep_token} The GDP of Tajikistan declined 9.6% over what period? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Tajikistan's rivers, such as the Vakhsh and the Panj, have great hydropower potential, and the government has focused on attracting investment for projects for internal use and electricity exports. Tajikistan is home to the Nurek Dam, the highest dam in the world. Lately, Russia's RAO UES energy giant has been working on the Sangtuda-1 hydroelectric power station (670 MW capacity) commenced operations on 18 January 2008. Other projects at the development stage include Sangtuda-2 by Iran, Zerafshan by the Chinese company SinoHydro, and the Rogun power plant that, at a projected height of 335 metres (1,099 ft), would supersede the Nurek Dam as highest in the world if it is brought to completion. A planned project, CASA 1000, will transmit 1000 MW of surplus electricity from Tajikistan to Pakistan with power transit through Afghanistan. The total length of transmission line is 750 km while the project is planned to be on Public-Private Partnership basis with the support of WB, IFC, ADB and IDB. The project cost is estimated to be around US$865 million. Other energy resources include sizable coal deposits and smaller reserves of natural gas and petroleum. | What is something that the rivers in Tajikistan are good for? {sep_token} Who is trying to attract investments for hydropower in Tajikistan? {sep_token} What is the highest dam in the world? {sep_token} What will the project named CASA 1000 do? {sep_token} The Vankus and Panj rivers have what? {sep_token} Where is the New Dam located? {sep_token} What project is estimated to cost around US$965 million? {sep_token} What is the second highest dam in the world? {sep_token} Romania's RAO UES energy giant has been working on what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: According to some estimates about 20% of the population lives on less than US$1.25 per day. Migration from Tajikistan and the consequent remittances have been unprecedented in their magnitude and economic impact. In 2010, remittances from Tajik labour migrants totaled an estimated $2.1 billion US dollars, an increase from 2009. Tajikistan has achieved transition from a planned to a market economy without substantial and protracted recourse to aid (of which it by now receives only negligible amounts), and by purely market-based means, simply by exporting its main commodity of comparative advantage — cheap labor. The World Bank Tajikistan Policy Note 2006 concludes that remittances have played an important role as one of the drivers of Tajikistan's robust economic growth during the past several years, have increased incomes, and as a result helped significantly reduce poverty. | What is the average amount lived on per day? {sep_token} What was the total for the remittances from Tajik migrans? {sep_token} How did Tajikistan change their economy? {sep_token} What has been one of the drivers of Tajikistan's robust economic growth? {sep_token} Ninety percent of the population lives on less then what? {sep_token} Migration from Turkey has been unprecedented in what? {sep_token} Who has achieved a transition from a market to a planned economy? {sep_token} Remittances have not played an important role as what? {sep_token} What has not helped reduce poverty? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Drug trafficking is the major illegal source of income in Tajikistan as it is an important transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; some opium poppy is also raised locally for the domestic market. However, with the increasing assistance from international organizations, such as UNODC, and cooperation with the US, Russian, EU and Afghan authorities a level of progress on the fight against illegal drug-trafficking is being achieved. Tajikistan holds third place in the world for heroin and raw opium confiscations (1216.3 kg of heroin and 267.8 kg of raw opium in the first half of 2006). Drug money corrupts the country's government; according to some experts the well-known personalities that fought on both sides of the civil war and have held the positions in the government after the armistice was signed are now involved in the drug trade. UNODC is working with Tajikistan to strengthen border crossings, provide training, and set up joint interdiction teams. It also helped to establish Tajikistani Drug Control Agency. | What is raised locally for the domestic market? {sep_token} What all has helped with the fight against drugs? {sep_token} Tajikistan is thrid in the world for what type of confiscations? {sep_token} What is UNODC helping Tajikistan with to help the war on drugs? {sep_token} What is a major illegal source of income in Turkey? {sep_token} No progress has been achieved in the fight against what? {sep_token} Who holds fourth place in the world for heroin and raw opium confiscations? {sep_token} Counterfeit money corrupts what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: As a landlocked country Tajikistan has no ports and the majority of transportation is via roads, air, and rail. In recent years Tajikistan has pursued agreements with Iran and Pakistan to gain port access in those countries via Afghanistan. In 2009, an agreement was made between Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan to improve and build a 1,300 km (810 mi) highway and rail system connecting the three countries to Pakistan's ports. The proposed route would go through the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in the eastern part of the country. And in 2012, the presidents of Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Iran signed an agreement to construct roads and railways as well as oil, gas, and water pipelines to connect the three countries. | What are the majority of transportation options? {sep_token} What countries had Tajikistan been working with to use ports? {sep_token} What countries did Tajikistan agree with to build a highway and a rail way? {sep_token} What year was the agreement signed? {sep_token} As a country located on the ocean, Tajikistan has no what? {sep_token} In ancient years, Tajikistan pursued agreements with whom? {sep_token} The presidents of Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Ireland signed an agreement to do what? {sep_token} The majority of transportation in Tajikistan is via roads, ship and what? {sep_token} In 2019, an agreement was made between what three countries? {sep_token} |
generate questions: In 2009 Tajikistan had 26 airports, 18 of which had paved runways, of which two had runways longer than 3,000 meters. The country's main airport is Dushanbe International Airport which as of April 2015, had regularly scheduled flights to major cities in Russia, Central Asia, as well as Delhi, Dubai, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Kabul, Tehran, and Ürümqi amongst others. There are also international flights, mainly to Russia, from Khujand Airport in the northern part of the country as well as limited international services from Kulob Airport, and Qurghonteppa International Airport. Khorog Airport is a domestic airport and also the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country. | How many airports does Tajikistan have? {sep_token} What is the country's main airport? {sep_token} Where are the international flights maining going to? {sep_token} What is the name of the airport in the eastern half of the country? {sep_token} In 2019, Tajikistan had how many airports? {sep_token} Which country has international flights going mainly to Romania? {sep_token} In 2019, how many airports in Tajikistan had paved runways? {sep_token} Which is the only airport in the densely populated eastern half of the country? {sep_token} Which country's secondary airport is Dushanbe International Airport? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Tajikistan has a population of 7,349,145 (July 2009 est.) of which 70% are under the age of 30 and 35% are between the ages of 14 and 30. Tajiks who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian) are the main ethnic group, although there are sizable minorities of Uzbeks and Russians, whose numbers are declining due to emigration. The Pamiris of Badakhshan, a small population of Yaghnobi people, and a sizeable minority of Ismailis are all considered to belong to the larger group of Tajiks. All citizens of Tajikistan are called Tajikistanis. | What is Tajikistans population as of July 2009? {sep_token} What percent of the population is under 30 years old? {sep_token} What percent of the population are between 14 to 30 years old? {sep_token} What lanuage do the people of Tajikistan speak? {sep_token} What are the citizens of Tajikistan called? {sep_token} What was Tajikistan's population in July 2019? {sep_token} Forty five percent of the population are between the ages of 14 and what? {sep_token} Seventy percent of Tajikistan's population is over what age? {sep_token} The Pamiris of Badakhsan are considered to be the smaller group of what? {sep_token} Few citizens of Tajikistan are called what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The Pamiri people of Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in the southeast, bordering Afghanistan and China, though considered part of the Tajik ethnicity, nevertheless are distinct linguistically and culturally from most Tajiks. In contrast to the mostly Sunni Muslim residents of the rest of Tajikistan, the Pamiris overwhelmingly follow the Ismaili sect of Islam, and speak a number of Eastern Iranian languages, including Shughni, Rushani, Khufi and Wakhi. Isolated in the highest parts of the Pamir Mountains, they have preserved many ancient cultural traditions and folk arts that have been largely lost elsewhere in the country. | What people live in the southeast area of the country? {sep_token} How are they different than most Tajiks? {sep_token} What mountians do the Pamiri people call home? {sep_token} What people are not distinct linguistically and culturally from most Tajiks? {sep_token} Who follows the Ismali sect of Ireland? {sep_token} What group has not preserved any cultural traditions? {sep_token} What group speaks a number of Western Iranian languages? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Sunni Islam of the Hanafi school has been officially recognized by the government since 2009. Tajikistan considers itself a secular state with a Constitution providing for freedom of religion. The Government has declared two Islamic holidays, Id Al-Fitr and Idi Qurbon, as state holidays. According to a U.S. State Department release and Pew research group, the population of Tajikistan is 98% Muslim. Approximately 87%–95% of them are Sunni and roughly 3% are Shia and roughly 7% are non-denominational Muslims. The remaining 2% of the population are followers of Russian Orthodoxy, Protestantism, Zoroastrianism and Buddhism. A great majority of Muslims fast during Ramadan, although only about one third in the countryside and 10% in the cities observe daily prayer and dietary restrictions. | What school has been recognized by the government? {sep_token} What kind of state does Tajikistan see itself as? {sep_token} What are the two national Islamic holidays? {sep_token} What percent of the population is muslim? {sep_token} What country has a Constitution providing for freedom of government? {sep_token} Who has declared three Islamic holidays? {sep_token} The population of which country is 88% Muslim? {sep_token} Russian Christianity takes up what percent of the population? {sep_token} Very few Muslims fast during what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Relationships between religious groups are generally amicable, although there is some concern among mainstream Muslim leaders[who?] that minority religious groups undermine national unity. There is a concern for religious institutions becoming active in the political sphere. The Islamic Renaissance Party (IRP), a major combatant in the 1992–1997 Civil War and then-proponent of the creation of an Islamic state in Tajikistan, constitutes no more than 30% of the government by statute. Membership in Hizb ut-Tahrir, a militant Islamic party which today aims for an overthrow of secular governments and the unification of Tajiks under one Islamic state, is illegal and members are subject to arrest and imprisonment. Numbers of large mosques appropriate for Friday prayers are limited and some[who?] feel this is discriminatory. | What type of religions concerns are there? {sep_token} What concerns for the religions institutions are there? {sep_token} What is the name of the militant Islamic party in Tajikistan? {sep_token} What does the Hizb ut-Tahrir aim for? {sep_token} There is concern among whom that majority religious groups undermine national unity? {sep_token} There is concern for whom becoming active in the governmental sphere? {sep_token} The party that seeks to unify Tajikistan under one Christian state is whom? {sep_token} Friday prayers are available in many large what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: By law, religious communities must register by the State Committee on Religious Affairs (SCRA) and with local authorities. Registration with the SCRA requires a charter, a list of 10 or more members, and evidence of local government approval prayer site location. Religious groups who do not have a physical structure are not allowed to gather publicly for prayer. Failure to register can result in large fines and closure of place of worship. There are reports that registration on the local level is sometimes difficult to obtain. People under the age of 18 are also barred from public religious practice. | What do religions communities have to register with? {sep_token} What does the SCRA require? {sep_token} What do you have to have to gather for public prayer? {sep_token} What can happen if you do not register? {sep_token} Religious groups that have a physical structure are not allowed to do what? {sep_token} Failure to do what results in small fines? {sep_token} People under the age of 16 are barred from what? {sep_token} Registration with the ASPCA requires what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Despite repeated efforts by the Tajik government to improve and expand health care, the system remains extremely underdeveloped and poor, with severe shortages of medical supplies. The state's Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare reported that 104,272 disabled people are registered in Tajikistan (2000). This group of people suffers most from poverty in Tajikistan. The government of Tajikistan and the World Bank considered activities to support this part of the population described in the World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. Public expenditure on health was at 1% of the GDP in 2004. | What is wrong with the health care system in Tajikistan? {sep_token} How many disabled people are registered in Tajikistan? {sep_token} What percent of the GDP was spent on health? {sep_token} What was the name of the paper that the World Bank and Tajikistan came up with? {sep_token} What system is very developed and rich? {sep_token} How many disabled people are unregistered in Tajikistan? {sep_token} What group suffers the least from poverty in Tajikistan? {sep_token} A shortage of office supplies exists in what country? {sep_token} What percent of the GDP was spent on health in 2014? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Public education in Tajikistan consists of 11 years of primary and secondary education but the government has plans to implement a 12-year system in 2016. There is a relatively large number of tertiary education institutions including Khujand State University which has 76 departments in 15 faculties, Tajikistan State University of Law, Business, & Politics, Khorugh State University, Agricultural University of Tajikistan, Tajik State National University, and several other institutions. Most, but not all, universities were established during the Soviet Era. As of 2008[update] tertiary education enrollment was 17%, significantly below the sub-regional average of 37%. Many Tajiks left the education system due to low demand in the labor market for people with extensive educational training or professional skills. | How many years of school are there in the Tajikistan school system? {sep_token} What do they want to impliment in 2016? {sep_token} What is the name of one of the tertiary education institutions? {sep_token} What is the percent of tertiary education enrollment? {sep_token} What consists of 14 years of primary and secondary education? {sep_token} As of 2018, tertiary education enrollment was what percent? {sep_token} Many Tajiks left the education system due to high demand in the labor what? {sep_token} What university has 86 departments in 25 facilities? {sep_token} There is a small number of tertiary education what? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Tajikistan consists of 4 administrative divisions. These are the provinces (viloyat) of Sughd and Khatlon, the autonomous province of Gorno-Badakhshan (abbreviated as GBAO), and the Region of Republican Subordination (RRP – Raiony Respublikanskogo Podchineniya in transliteration from Russian or NTJ – Ноҳияҳои тобеи ҷумҳурӣ in Tajik; formerly known as Karotegin Province). Each region is divided into several districts, (Tajik: Ноҳия, nohiya or raion), which in turn are subdivided into jamoats (village-level self-governing units) and then villages (qyshloqs). As of 2006[update], there were 58 districts and 367 jamoats in Tajikistan. | Which country consists of five administrative divisions? {sep_token} As of 2016, there were how many districts in Tajikistan? {sep_token} Each what is divided into one district? {sep_token} Jamboats are what? {sep_token} As of 2016, there were how many jamoats in Tajikistan? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Nearly 47% of Tajikistan's GDP comes from immigrant remittances (mostly from Tajiks working in Russia). The current economic situation remains fragile, largely owing to corruption, uneven economic reforms, and economic mismanagement. With foreign revenue precariously dependent upon remittances from migrant workers overseas and exports of aluminium and cotton, the economy is highly vulnerable to external shocks. In FY 2000, international assistance remained an essential source of support for rehabilitation programs that reintegrated former civil war combatants into the civilian economy, which helped keep the peace. International assistance also was necessary to address the second year of severe drought that resulted in a continued shortfall of food production. On August 21, 2001, the Red Cross announced that a famine was striking Tajikistan, and called for international aid for Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, however access to food remains a problem today. In January 2012, 680,152 of the people living in Tajikistan were living with food insecurity. Out of those, 676,852 were at risk of Phase 3 (Acute Food and Livelihoods Crisis) food insecurity and 3,300 were at risk of Phase 4 (Humanitarian Emergency). Those with the highest risk of food insecurity were living in the remote Murghob District of GBAO. | Nearly 87% of Tajikistan's GDP comes from what? {sep_token} What situation remains robust? {sep_token} What is not vulnerable to external shocks? {sep_token} The Red Cross announced a famine in Turkey on what day? {sep_token} In January 2002, how many people in Tajikistan were living with food insecurity? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame /ˌnoʊtərˈdeɪm/ NOH-tər-DAYM) is a Catholic research university located adjacent to South Bend, Indiana, in the United States. In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary. The main campus covers 1,250 acres in a suburban setting and it contains a number of recognizable landmarks, such as the Golden Dome, the "Word of Life" mural (commonly known as Touchdown Jesus), and the Basilica. | The school known as Notre Dame is known by a more lengthy name, what is it? {sep_token} What type of institution is the Notre Dame? {sep_token} The French words Notre Dame du Lac translate to what in English? {sep_token} Who is the patron saint of Notre Dame? {sep_token} How large is Notre Dame in acres? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Notre Dame rose to national prominence in the early 1900s for its Fighting Irish football team, especially under the guidance of the legendary coach Knute Rockne. The university's athletic teams are members of the NCAA Division I and are known collectively as the Fighting Irish. The football team, an Independent, has accumulated eleven consensus national championships, seven Heisman Trophy winners, 62 members in the College Football Hall of Fame and 13 members in the Pro Football Hall of Fame and is considered one of the most famed and successful college football teams in history. Other ND teams, chiefly in the Atlantic Coast Conference, have accumulated 16 national championships. The Notre Dame Victory March is often regarded as the most famous and recognizable collegiate fight song. | What caused Notre Dame to become notable in the early 20th century? {sep_token} Which 20th century Notre Dame football coach is most notable? {sep_token} Which athletic association are the student athletes at Notre Dame a part of? {sep_token} How many students at Notre Dame received the Heisman Trophy? {sep_token} There were multiple students from Notre Dame who entered the Pro Football Hall of Fame, how many? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Besides its prominence in sports, Notre Dame is also a large, four-year, highly residential research University, and is consistently ranked among the top twenty universities in the United States and as a major global university. The undergraduate component of the university is organized into four colleges (Arts and Letters, Science, Engineering, Business) and the Architecture School. The latter is known for teaching New Classical Architecture and for awarding the globally renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize. Notre Dame's graduate program has more than 50 master's, doctoral and professional degree programs offered by the five schools, with the addition of the Notre Dame Law School and a MD-PhD program offered in combination with IU medical School. It maintains a system of libraries, cultural venues, artistic and scientific museums, including Hesburgh Library and the Snite Museum of Art. Over 80% of the university's 8,000 undergraduates live on campus in one of 29 single-sex residence halls, each with its own traditions, legacies, events and intramural sports teams. The university counts approximately 120,000 alumni, considered among the strongest alumni networks among U.S. colleges. | Where among US universities does Notre Dame rank? {sep_token} How many individual colleges are part of Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which prize does the Architecture School at Notre Dame give out? {sep_token} How many doctorate and masters programs are available at Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which art museum does Notre Dame administer? {sep_token} |
generate questions: In 1842, the Bishop of Vincennes, Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière, offered land to Father Edward Sorin of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, on the condition that he build a college in two years. Fr. Sorin arrived on the site with eight Holy Cross brothers from France and Ireland on November 26, 1842, and began the school using Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel. He soon erected additional buildings, including Old College, the first church, and the first main building. They immediately acquired two students and set about building additions to the campus. | In what year was Father Edward Sorin given two years to create a college? {sep_token} Which individual offered land to Father Edward Sorin? {sep_token} Which church was Father Edward Sorin representing? {sep_token} On what date did brothers from Holy Cross arrive at the future location of Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which structure was the first used for the purposes of the college? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The first degrees from the college were awarded in 1849. The university was expanded with new buildings to accommodate more students and faculty. With each new president, new academic programs were offered and new buildings built to accommodate them. The original Main Building built by Sorin just after he arrived was replaced by a larger "Main Building" in 1865, which housed the university's administration, classrooms, and dormitories. Beginning in 1873, a library collection was started by Father Lemonnier. By 1879 it had grown to ten thousand volumes that were housed in the Main Building. | In what year did the initial degrees get handed out at Notre Dame? {sep_token} In what year did the original Sorin built Main Building get replaced? {sep_token} Which individual began a library at Notre Dame? {sep_token} In what year had the library at Notre Dame reach 10,000 books? {sep_token} In what year was the library at Notre Dame started? {sep_token} |
generate questions: This Main Building, and the library collection, was entirely destroyed by a fire in April 1879, and the school closed immediately and students were sent home. The university founder, Fr. Sorin and the president at the time, the Rev. William Corby, immediately planned for the rebuilding of the structure that had housed virtually the entire University. Construction was started on the 17th of May and by the incredible zeal of administrator and workers the building was completed before the fall semester of 1879. The library collection was also rebuilt and stayed housed in the new Main Building for years afterwards. Around the time of the fire, a music hall was opened. Eventually becoming known as Washington Hall, it hosted plays and musical acts put on by the school. By 1880, a science program was established at the university, and a Science Hall (today LaFortune Student Center) was built in 1883. The hall housed multiple classrooms and science labs needed for early research at the university. | In what year was the Main Building at Notre Dame razed in a fire? {sep_token} Who was the president of Notre Dame in 1879? {sep_token} On what date was the rebuilding of The Main Building begun at Notre Dame after the fire that claimed the previous? {sep_token} What was the music hall at Notre Dame called? {sep_token} What did the Science Hall at Notre Dame come to be known as? {sep_token} |
generate questions: In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and moving away from the university's traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. By contrast, the Jesuit colleges, bastions of academic conservatism, were reluctant to move to a system of electives. Their graduates were shut out of Harvard Law School for that reason. Notre Dame continued to grow over the years, adding more colleges, programs, and sports teams. By 1921, with the addition of the College of Commerce, Notre Dame had grown from a small college to a university with five colleges and a professional law school. The university continued to expand and add new residence halls and buildings with each subsequent president. | In 1919 a new president of Notre Dame was named, who was it? {sep_token} Over how many years did the change to national standards undertaken at Notre Dame in the early 20th century take place? {sep_token} What type of education was pushed at Notre Dame before its embracing of national standards? {sep_token} Those who attended a Jesuit college may have been forbidden from joining which Law School due to the curricula at the Jesuit institution? {sep_token} Which college did Notre Dame add in 1921? {sep_token} |
generate questions: One of the main driving forces in the growth of the University was its football team, the Notre Dame Fighting Irish. Knute Rockne became head coach in 1918. Under Rockne, the Irish would post a record of 105 wins, 12 losses, and five ties. During his 13 years the Irish won three national championships, had five undefeated seasons, won the Rose Bowl in 1925, and produced players such as George Gipp and the "Four Horsemen". Knute Rockne has the highest winning percentage (.881) in NCAA Division I/FBS football history. Rockne's offenses employed the Notre Dame Box and his defenses ran a 7–2–2 scheme. The last game Rockne coached was on December 14, 1930 when he led a group of Notre Dame all-stars against the New York Giants in New York City. | The Notre Dame football team got a new head coach in 1918, who was it? {sep_token} What was the amount of wins Knute Rockne attained at Notre Dame while head coach? {sep_token} How many years was Knute Rockne head coach at Notre Dame? {sep_token} How many national titles were won when Knute Rockne coached at Notre Dame? {sep_token} In what year did the team lead by Knute Rockne win the Rose Bowl? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The success of its football team made Notre Dame a household name. The success of Note Dame reflected rising status of Irish Americans and Catholics in the 1920s. Catholics rallied up around the team and listen to the games on the radio, especially when it knocked off the schools that symbolized the Protestant establishment in America — Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Army. Yet this role as high-profile flagship institution of Catholicism made it an easy target of anti-Catholicism. The most remarkable episode of violence was the clash between Notre Dame students and the Ku Klux Klan in 1924. Nativism and anti-Catholicism, especially when directed towards immigrants, were cornerstones of the KKK's rhetoric, and Notre Dame was seen as a symbol of the threat posed by the Catholic Church. The Klan decided to have a week-long Klavern in South Bend. Clashes with the student body started on March 17, when students, aware of the anti-Catholic animosity, blocked the Klansmen from descending from their trains in the South Bend station and ripped the KKK clothes and regalia. On May 19 thousands of students massed downtown protesting the Klavern, and only the arrival of college president Fr. Matthew Walsh prevented any further clashes. The next day, football coach Knute Rockne spoke at a campus rally and implored the students to obey the college president and refrain from further violence. A few days later the Klavern broke up, but the hostility shown by the students was an omen and a contribution to the downfall of the KKK in Indiana. | Catholic people identified with Notre Dame, what religious group did people feel Yale represented? {sep_token} Notre Dame students had a showdown in 1924 with which anti-catholic group? {sep_token} What type of event did the Klan intend to have at Notre Dame in March of 1924? {sep_token} Where did Notre Dame students and the KKK have their encounter? {sep_token} Which college president of Notre Dame is credited with preventing more confrontations between students and the KKK? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Holy Cross Father John Francis O'Hara was elected vice-president in 1933 and president of Notre Dame in 1934. During his tenure at Notre Dame, he brought numerous refugee intellectuals to campus; he selected Frank H. Spearman, Jeremiah D. M. Ford, Irvin Abell, and Josephine Brownson for the Laetare Medal, instituted in 1883. O'Hara strongly believed that the Fighting Irish football team could be an effective means to "acquaint the public with the ideals that dominate" Notre Dame. He wrote, "Notre Dame football is a spiritual service because it is played for the honor and glory of God and of his Blessed Mother. When St. Paul said: 'Whether you eat or drink, or whatsoever else you do, do all for the glory of God,' he included football." | Which person became vice-president of Notre Dame in 1933? {sep_token} Who was the president of Notre Dame in 1934? {sep_token} Irvin Abell was given what award by Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which year was the Laetare Medal first given out at Notre Dame? {sep_token} For whos glory did Father O'Hara believed that the Notre Dame football team played? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C. served as president from 1946 to 1952. Cavanaugh's legacy at Notre Dame in the post-war years was devoted to raising academic standards and reshaping the university administration to suit it to an enlarged educational mission and an expanded student body and stressing advanced studies and research at a time when Notre Dame quadrupled in student census, undergraduate enrollment increased by more than half, and graduate student enrollment grew fivefold. Cavanaugh also established the Lobund Institute for Animal Studies and Notre Dame's Medieval Institute. Cavanaugh also presided over the construction of the Nieuwland Science Hall, Fisher Hall, and the Morris Inn, as well as the Hall of Liberal Arts (now O'Shaughnessy Hall), made possible by a donation from I.A. O'Shaughnessy, at the time the largest ever made to an American Catholic university. Cavanaugh also established a system of advisory councils at the university, which continue today and are vital to the university's governance and development | Which president did Notre Dame have in 1947? {sep_token} Around the time that Rev. Cavanaugh became president of Notre Dame by how much did the undergrad student body of Notre Dame increase? {sep_token} Which institute involving animal life did Cavanaugh create at Notre Dame? {sep_token} Outside of an institute studying animals, what other institute did Cavanugh create at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What is O'Shaughnessy Hall of Notre Dame formerly known as? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The Rev. Theodore Hesburgh, C.S.C., (1917–2015) served as president for 35 years (1952–87) of dramatic transformations. In that time the annual operating budget rose by a factor of 18 from $9.7 million to $176.6 million, and the endowment by a factor of 40 from $9 million to $350 million, and research funding by a factor of 20 from $735,000 to $15 million. Enrollment nearly doubled from 4,979 to 9,600, faculty more than doubled 389 to 950, and degrees awarded annually doubled from 1,212 to 2,500. | What was the lifespan of Theodore Hesburgh? {sep_token} During what years was Theodor Hesburgh president of Notre Dame? {sep_token} In the time that Hesburgh was president of Notre Dame by what factor did the operating budget increase? {sep_token} What was the size of the Notre Dame endowment when Theodore Hesburgh became president? {sep_token} How many faculty members were at Notre Dame when Hesburgh left the role of president? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Hesburgh is also credited with transforming the face of Notre Dame by making it a coeducational institution. In the mid-1960s Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College developed a co-exchange program whereby several hundred students took classes not offered at their home institution, an arrangement that added undergraduate women to a campus that already had a few women in the graduate schools. After extensive debate, merging with St. Mary's was rejected, primarily because of the differential in faculty qualifications and pay scales. "In American college education," explained the Rev. Charles E. Sheedy, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Dean of Arts and Letters, "certain features formerly considered advantageous and enviable are now seen as anachronistic and out of place.... In this environment of diversity, the integration of the sexes is a normal and expected aspect, replacing separatism." Thomas Blantz, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Vice President of Student Affairs, added that coeducation "opened up a whole other pool of very bright students." Two of the male residence halls were converted for the newly admitted female students that first year, while two others were converted for the next school year. In 1971 Mary Ann Proctor became the first female undergraduate; she transferred from St. Mary's College. In 1972 the first woman to graduate was Angela Sienko, who earned a bachelor's degree in marketing. | What type of educational institute is Hesburgh given credit for creating at Notre Dame? {sep_token} With what institute did Notre Dame agree to an exchange program in the 1960s? {sep_token} Which role did Charles Sheedy have at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What title did Thomas Blantz have at Notre Dame? {sep_token} In what year did Notre Dame have its earliest undergraduate that was female? {sep_token} |
generate questions: In the 18 years under the presidency of Edward Malloy, C.S.C., (1987–2005), there was a rapid growth in the school's reputation, faculty, and resources. He increased the faculty by more than 500 professors; the academic quality of the student body has improved dramatically, with the average SAT score rising from 1240 to 1360; the number of minority students more than doubled; the endowment grew from $350 million to more than $3 billion; the annual operating budget rose from $177 million to more than $650 million; and annual research funding improved from $15 million to more than $70 million. Notre Dame's most recent[when?] capital campaign raised $1.1 billion, far exceeding its goal of $767 million, and is the largest in the history of Catholic higher education. | During what years was Edward Malloy president of Notre Dame? {sep_token} The amount of professors at Notre Dame increased by what amount under Malloy? {sep_token} What was the SAT score, on average, at Notre Dame when Edward Malloy became president? {sep_token} When Malloy became president of Notre Dame what was the size of the endowment? {sep_token} When Malloy reached the end of his time as president how much annuals funding for research did Notre Dame have? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Since 2005, Notre Dame has been led by John I. Jenkins, C.S.C., the 17th president of the university. Jenkins took over the position from Malloy on July 1, 2005. In his inaugural address, Jenkins described his goals of making the university a leader in research that recognizes ethics and building the connection between faith and studies. During his tenure, Notre Dame has increased its endowment, enlarged its student body, and undergone many construction projects on campus, including Compton Family Ice Arena, a new architecture hall, additional residence halls, and the Campus Crossroads, a $400m enhancement and expansion of Notre Dame Stadium. | When did John Jenkins become the president of Notre Dame? {sep_token} In terms of the amount of presidents Notre Dame has had, where is John Jenkins on the list? {sep_token} Who was the Notre Dame president that preceded John Jenkins? {sep_token} Which arena was constructed under Jenkins at Notre Dame? {sep_token} How much money was spent on enhancing Notre Dame Stadium under John Jenkins? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Because of its Catholic identity, a number of religious buildings stand on campus. The Old College building has become one of two seminaries on campus run by the Congregation of Holy Cross. The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is located on the spot of Fr. Sorin's original church, which became too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style and it is decorated by stained glass windows imported directly from France. The interior was painted by Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Fr. Sorin to be artist in residence. The Basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church there are also sculptures by Ivan Mestrovic. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, which was built in 1896, is a replica of the original in Lourdes, France. It is very popular among students and alumni as a place of prayer and meditation, and it is considered one of the most beloved spots on campus. | Which congregation is in charge of the Old College at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What structure is found on the location of the original church of Father Sorin at Notre Dame? {sep_token} In which architectural style is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart at Notre Dame made? {sep_token} Which individual painted the inside of the Basilica of the Sacred Heart at Notre Dame? {sep_token} In what year was the Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes at Notre Dame constructed? {sep_token} |
generate questions: A Science Hall was built in 1883 under the direction of Fr. Zahm, but in 1950 it was converted to a student union building and named LaFortune Center, after Joseph LaFortune, an oil executive from Tulsa, Oklahoma. Commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," it is a 4-story building of 83,000 square feet that provides the Notre Dame community with a meeting place for social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities. LaFortune employs 35 part-time student staff and 29 full-time non-student staff and has an annual budget of $1.2 million. Many businesses, services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs are found within. The building also houses restaurants from national restaurant chains. | Which person oversaw the creation of a science hall at Notre Dame in 1883? {sep_token} In what year did the student union building at Notre Dame get renamed to LaFortune Center? {sep_token} After which individual was the LaFortune Center Notre Dame named? {sep_token} How large in square feet is the LaFortune Center at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What is the annual budget of Notre Dame's LaFortune Center? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Since the construction of its oldest buildings, the university's physical plant has grown substantially. Over the years 29 residence halls have been built to accommodate students and each has been constructed with its own chapel. Many academic building were added together with a system of libraries, the most prominent of which is the Theodore Hesburgh Library, built in 1963 and today containing almost 4 million books. Since 2004, several buildings have been added, including the DeBartolo Performing Arts Center, the Guglielmino Complex, and the Jordan Hall of Science. Additionally, a new residence for men, Duncan Hall, was begun on March 8, 2007, and began accepting residents for the Fall 2008 semester. Ryan Hall was completed and began housing undergraduate women in the fall of 2009. A new engineering building, Stinson-Remick Hall, a new combination Center for Social Concerns/Institute for Church Life building, Geddes Hall, and a law school addition have recently been completed as well. Additionally the new hockey arena opened in the fall of 2011. The Stayer Center for Executive Education, which houses the Mendoza College of Business Executive Education Department opened in March 2013 just South of the Mendoza College of Business building. Because of its long athletic tradition, the university features also many building dedicated to sport. The most famous is Notre Dame Stadium, home of the Fighting Irish football team; it has been renovated several times and today it can hold more than 80 thousand people. Prominent venues include also the Edmund P. Joyce Center, with indoor basketball and volleyball courts, and the Compton Family Ice Arena, a two-rink facility dedicated to hockey. Also, there are many outdoor fields, as the Frank Eck Stadium for baseball. | How many halls are at Notre Dame that house students? {sep_token} Which library was built at Notre Dame in 1963? {sep_token} How many books are housed at the Theodore Hesburgh Library? {sep_token} Construction for which hall started on March 8th 2007 at Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which baseball stadium is found at Notre Dame? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The University of Notre Dame has made being a sustainability leader an integral part of its mission, creating the Office of Sustainability in 2008 to achieve a number of goals in the areas of power generation, design and construction, waste reduction, procurement, food services, transportation, and water.As of 2012[update] four building construction projects were pursuing LEED-Certified status and three were pursuing LEED Silver. Notre Dame's dining services sources 40% of its food locally and offers sustainably caught seafood as well as many organic, fair-trade, and vegan options. On the Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card 2010, University of Notre Dame received a "B" grade. The university also houses the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies. Father Gustavo Gutierrez, the founder of Liberation Theology is a current faculty member. | In what year did Notre Dame create the Office of Sustainability? {sep_token} What percentage of the food served at Notre Dame is locally grown? {sep_token} Notre Dame got a "B" for its sustainability practices from which entity? {sep_token} Gustavo Gutierrez is faculty of which institute? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The university owns several centers around the world used for international studies and research, conferences abroad, and alumni support. The university has had a presence in London, England, since 1968. Since 1998, its London center has been based in the former United University Club at 1 Suffolk Street in Trafalgar Square. The center enables the Colleges of Arts & Letters, Business Administration, Science, Engineering and the Law School to develop their own programs in London, as well as hosting conferences and symposia. Other Global Gateways are located in Beijing, Chicago, Dublin, Jerusalem and Rome. | In what year did Notre Dame first have a facility in England? {sep_token} At which location is the London Center operated by Notre Dame found? {sep_token} Notre Dame has a center in Beijing, what is it referred to as? {sep_token} In what year did the Suffolk Street location start to house a Notre Dame facility? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842 with the first degrees given in 1849. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from Saint Louis University. Today the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in 33 majors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are around 2,500 undergraduates and 750 graduates enrolled in the college. | What was Notre Dame's first college? {sep_token} In what year was the The College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame created? {sep_token} In what year did the College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame grant its first degree? {sep_token} On which university did Notre Dame base its curriculum on? {sep_token} How many BA majors does the College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame offer? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The College of Science was established at the university in 1865 by president Father Patrick Dillon. Dillon's scientific courses were six years of work, including higher-level mathematics courses. Today the college, housed in the newly built Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in six departments of study – biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, pre-professional studies, and applied and computational mathematics and statistics (ACMS) – each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States. | Which president at Notre Dame created the College of Science? {sep_token} In what year was the Notre Dame College of Science formed? {sep_token} How many years long was a scientific course under Patrick Dillon at Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which hall at Notre Dame contains the current College of Science? {sep_token} How many undergrad students attend the College of Science at Notre Dame today? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the program in Rome. The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize. | In 1899 Notre Dame formed which college? {sep_token} In what building is the current School of Architecture housed at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What length is the course of study at the Notre Dame School of Architecture? {sep_token} In which location do students of the School of Architecture of Notre Dame spend their 3rd year? {sep_token} Which prestigious prize does the School of Architecture at Notre Dame give out? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechanical engineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, civil engineering and geological sciences, computer science and engineering, and electrical engineering – with eight B.S. degrees offered. Additionally, the college offers five-year dual degree programs with the Colleges of Arts and Letters and of Business awarding additional B.A. and Master of Business Administration (MBA) degrees, respectively. | In what year was the College of Engineering at Notre Dame formed? {sep_token} Before the creation of the College of Engineering similar studies were carried out at which Notre Dame college? {sep_token} How many departments are within the Stinson-Remick Hall of Engineering? {sep_token} How many BS level degrees are offered in the College of Engineering at Notre Dame? {sep_token} The College of Science began to offer civil engineering courses beginning at what time at Notre Dame? {sep_token} |
generate questions: All of Notre Dame's undergraduate students are a part of one of the five undergraduate colleges at the school or are in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major. Each student is given an academic advisor from the program who helps them to choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program also includes a Learning Resource Center which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. This program has been recognized previously, by U.S. News & World Report, as outstanding. | How many colleges for undergraduates are at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What was created at Notre Dame in 1962 to assist first year students? {sep_token} What entity provides help with the management of time for new students at Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which organization declared the First Year of Studies program at Notre Dame "outstanding?" {sep_token} |
generate questions: The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LL.M.) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with a thesis not required to receive the degrees. This changed in 1924 with formal requirements developed for graduate degrees, including offering Doctorate (PhD) degrees. Today each of the five colleges offer graduate education. Most of the departments from the College of Arts and Letters offer PhD programs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhD programs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhD programs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs including MBA and Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. Additionally, the Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States for two school years. | In what year was a Master of Arts course first offered at Notre Dame? {sep_token} The granting of Doctorate degrees first occurred in what year at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What type of degree is an M.Div.? {sep_token} Which department at Notre Dame is the only one to not offer a PhD program? {sep_token} Which program at Notre Dame offers a Master of Education degree? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. It offers PhD, Master's, and undergraduate degrees in peace studies. It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. The institute has contributed to international policy discussions about peace building practices. | What institute at Notre Dame studies the reasons for violent conflict? {sep_token} In what year was the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies founded? {sep_token} To whom was John B. Kroc married? {sep_token} What is the title of Notre Dame's Theodore Hesburgh? {sep_token} What company did Ray Kroc own? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The library system of the university is divided between the main library and each of the colleges and schools. The main building is the 14-story Theodore M. Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, which is the third building to house the main collection of books. The front of the library is adorned with the Word of Life mural designed by artist Millard Sheets. This mural is popularly known as "Touchdown Jesus" because of its proximity to Notre Dame Stadium and Jesus' arms appearing to make the signal for a touchdown. | How many stories tall is the main library at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What is the name of the main library at Notre Dame? {sep_token} In what year was the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library at Notre Dame finished? {sep_token} Which artist created the mural on the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library? {sep_token} What is a common name to reference the mural created by Millard Sheets at Notre Dame? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country. | In what year did the opening of a theology library at Notre Dame occur? {sep_token} Where is the theology library at Notre Dame? {sep_token} How many books are held by the Notre Dame libraries? {sep_token} Currently where does Notre Dame's library rank in the nation? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Notre Dame is known for its competitive admissions, with the incoming class enrolling in fall 2015 admitting 3,577 from a pool of 18,156 (19.7%). The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. The university practices a non-restrictive early action policy that allows admitted students to consider admission to Notre Dame as well as any other colleges to which they were accepted. 1,400 of the 3,577 (39.1%) were admitted under the early action plan. Admitted students came from 1,311 high schools and the average student traveled more than 750 miles to Notre Dame, making it arguably the most representative university in the United States. While all entering students begin in the College of the First Year of Studies, 25% have indicated they plan to study in the liberal arts or social sciences, 24% in engineering, 24% in business, 24% in science, and 3% in architecture. | What percentage of students were admitted to Notre Dame in fall 2015? {sep_token} How many incoming students did Notre Dame admit in fall 2015? {sep_token} Where does Notre Dame rank in terms of academic profile among research universities in the US? {sep_token} What percentage of students at Notre Dame participated in the Early Action program? {sep_token} How many miles does the average student at Notre Dame travel to study there? {sep_token} |
generate questions: In 2015-2016, Notre Dame ranked 18th overall among "national universities" in the United States in U.S. News & World Report's Best Colleges 2016. In 2014, USA Today ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities based on data from College Factual. Forbes.com's America's Best Colleges ranks Notre Dame 13th among colleges in the United States in 2015, 8th among Research Universities, and 1st in the Midwest. U.S. News & World Report also lists Notre Dame Law School as 22nd overall. BusinessWeek ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as 1st overall. It ranks the MBA program as 20th overall. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 15th nationally, while ARCHITECT Magazine ranked the undergraduate architecture program as 12th nationally. Additionally, the study abroad program ranks sixth in highest participation percentage in the nation, with 57.6% of students choosing to study abroad in 17 countries. According to payscale.com, undergraduate alumni of University of Notre Dame have a mid-career median salary $110,000, making it the 24th highest among colleges and universities in the United States. The median starting salary of $55,300 ranked 58th in the same peer group. | Where did U.S. News & World Report rank Notre Dame in its 2015-2016 university rankings? {sep_token} In 2014 what entity named Notre Dame 10th best of all American universities? {sep_token} Forbes.com placed Notre Dame at what position compared to other US research universities? {sep_token} The undergrad school at the Mendoza College of Business was ranked where according to BusinessWeek? {sep_token} What percentage of Notre Dame students decide to study abroad? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C. was Director of the Science Museum and the Library and Professor of Chemistry and Physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Church. One of Carrier's students was Father John Augustine Zahm (1851–1921) who was made Professor and Co-Director of the Science Department at age 23 and by 1900 was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. Zahm was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book Evolution and Dogma (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great Church teachers Thomas Aquinas and Augustine taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. | What person was the Director of the Science Museum at Notre Dame in the late 19th century? {sep_token} What professorship did Father Josh Carrier hold at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What was the lifespan of John Augustine Zahm? {sep_token} What program did John Augustine Zahm come to co-direct at Nore Dame? {sep_token} What book did John Zahm write in 1896? {sep_token} |
generate questions: In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Father Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene. Study of nuclear physics at the university began with the building of a nuclear accelerator in 1936, and continues now partly through a partnership in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics. | What did the brother of John Zahm construct at Notre Dame? {sep_token} In what year did Albert Zahm begin comparing aeronatical models at Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which professor sent the first wireless message in the USA? {sep_token} In what year did Jerome Green send his first wireless message? {sep_token} Which individual worked on projects at Notre Dame that eventually created neoprene? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The Lobund Institute grew out of pioneering research in germ-free-life which began in 1928. This area of research originated in a question posed by Pasteur as to whether animal life was possible without bacteria. Though others had taken up this idea, their research was short lived and inconclusive. Lobund was the first research organization to answer definitively, that such life is possible and that it can be prolonged through generations. But the objective was not merely to answer Pasteur's question but also to produce the germ free animal as a new tool for biological and medical research. This objective was reached and for years Lobund was a unique center for the study and production of germ free animals and for their use in biological and medical investigations. Today the work has spread to other universities. In the beginning it was under the Department of Biology and a program leading to the master's degree accompanied the research program. In the 1940s Lobund achieved independent status as a purely research organization and in 1950 was raised to the status of an Institute. In 1958 it was brought back into the Department of Biology as integral part of that department, but with its own program leading to the degree of PhD in Gnotobiotics. | Work on a germ-free-life ended up in the creation of which Notre Dame institute? {sep_token} When did study of a germ-free-life begin at Notre Dame? {sep_token} Around what time did Lobund of Notre Dame become independent? {sep_token} In what year did Lobund at Notre Dame become an Institute? {sep_token} The Lobund Institute was merged into the Department of Biology at Notre Dame in what year? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The Review of Politics was founded in 1939 by Gurian, modeled after German Catholic journals. It quickly emerged as part of an international Catholic intellectual revival, offering an alternative vision to positivist philosophy. For 44 years, the Review was edited by Gurian, Matthew Fitzsimons, Frederick Crosson, and Thomas Stritch. Intellectual leaders included Gurian, Jacques Maritain, Frank O'Malley, Leo Richard Ward, F. A. Hermens, and John U. Nef. It became a major forum for political ideas and modern political concerns, especially from a Catholic and scholastic tradition. | Gurian created what in 1939 at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What was the Review of Politics inspired by? {sep_token} Over how many years did Gurian edit the Review of Politics at Notre Dame? {sep_token} Thomas Stritch was an editor of which publican from Notre Dame? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (1907–1982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962), a renowned sculptor, brought Croatian culture to campus, 1955–62. Yves Simon (1903–61), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (1882–73) was a frequent visitor to campus. | What caused many intellectual Catholics to leave europe in the 1930s? {sep_token} From where did Anton-Hermann Chroust come to reach Notre Dame? {sep_token} What field of study did Anton-Hermann Chroust specialize in? {sep_token} Who did Waldemar Gurian receive his tutelage under while seeking his doctorate? {sep_token} What was Ivan Meštrović known for being? {sep_token} |
generate questions: As of 2012[update] research continued in many fields. The university president, John Jenkins, described his hope that Notre Dame would become "one of the pre–eminent research institutions in the world" in his inaugural address. The university has many multi-disciplinary institutes devoted to research in varying fields, including the Medieval Institute, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace studies, and the Center for Social Concerns. Recent research includes work on family conflict and child development, genome mapping, the increasing trade deficit of the United States with China, studies in fluid mechanics, computational science and engineering, and marketing trends on the Internet. As of 2013, the university is home to the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index which ranks countries annually based on how vulnerable they are to climate change and how prepared they are to adapt. | Who was the president of Notre Dame in 2012? {sep_token} The Kellogg Institute for International Studies is part of which university? {sep_token} What does the Kroc Institute at Notre Dame focus on? {sep_token} In what year did Notre Dame begin to host the Global Adaptation Index? {sep_token} What threat does the Global Adaptation Index study? {sep_token} |
generate questions: In 2014 the Notre Dame student body consisted of 12,179 students, with 8,448 undergraduates, 2,138 graduate and professional and 1,593 professional (Law, M.Div., Business, M.Ed.) students. Around 21–24% of students are children of alumni, and although 37% of students come from the Midwestern United States, the student body represents all 50 states and 100 countries. As of March 2007[update] The Princeton Review ranked the school as the fifth highest 'dream school' for parents to send their children. As of March 2015[update] The Princeton Review ranked Notre Dame as the ninth highest. The school has been previously criticized for its lack of diversity, and The Princeton Review ranks the university highly among schools at which "Alternative Lifestyles [are] Not an Alternative." It has also been commended by some diversity oriented publications; Hispanic Magazine in 2004 ranked the university ninth on its list of the top–25 colleges for Latinos, and The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education recognized the university in 2006 for raising enrollment of African-American students. With 6,000 participants, the university's intramural sports program was named in 2004 by Sports Illustrated as the best program in the country, while in 2007 The Princeton Review named it as the top school where "Everyone Plays Intramural Sports." The annual Bookstore Basketball tournament is the largest outdoor five-on-five tournament in the world with over 700 teams participating each year, while the Notre Dame Men's Boxing Club hosts the annual Bengal Bouts tournament that raises money for the Holy Cross Missions in Bangladesh. | How many undergrads were attending Notre Dame in 2014? {sep_token} What percentage of students at Notre Dame are the children of former Notre Dame students? {sep_token} How many teams participate in the Notre Dame Bookstore Basketball tournament? {sep_token} For what cause is money raised at the Bengal Bouts tournament at Notre Dame? {sep_token} How many students in total were at Notre Dame in 2014? {sep_token} |
generate questions: About 80% of undergraduates and 20% of graduate students live on campus. The majority of the graduate students on campus live in one of four graduate housing complexes on campus, while all on-campus undergraduates live in one of the 29 residence halls. Because of the religious affiliation of the university, all residence halls are single-sex, with 15 male dorms and 14 female dorms. The university maintains a visiting policy (known as parietal hours) for those students who live in dormitories, specifying times when members of the opposite sex are allowed to visit other students' dorm rooms; however, all residence halls have 24-hour social spaces for students regardless of gender. Many residence halls have at least one nun and/or priest as a resident. There are no traditional social fraternities or sororities at the university, but a majority of students live in the same residence hall for all four years. Some intramural sports are based on residence hall teams, where the university offers the only non-military academy program of full-contact intramural American football. At the end of the intramural season, the championship game is played on the field in Notre Dame Stadium. | What percentage of undergrads live on the Notre Dame campus? {sep_token} How many student housing areas are reserved for Notre Dame's graduate students? {sep_token} How many dorms for males are on the Notre Dame campus? {sep_token} What amount of the graduate student body at Notre Dame live on the campus? {sep_token} There are how many dorms for females at Notre Dame? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The university is affiliated with the Congregation of Holy Cross (Latin: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce, abbreviated postnominals: "CSC"). While religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission, more than 93% of students identify as Christian, with over 80% of the total being Catholic. Collectively, Catholic Mass is celebrated over 100 times per week on campus, and a large campus ministry program provides for the faith needs of the community. There are multitudes of religious statues and artwork around campus, most prominent of which are the statue of Mary on the Main Building, the Notre Dame Grotto, and the Word of Life mural on Hesburgh Library depicting Christ as a teacher. Additionally, every classroom displays a crucifix. There are many religious clubs (catholic and non-Catholic) at the school, including Council #1477 of the Knights of Columbus (KOC), Baptist Collegiate Ministry (BCM), Jewish Club, Muslim Student Association, Orthodox Christian Fellowship, The Mormon Club, and many more. The Notre Dame KofC are known for being the first collegiate council of KofC, operating a charitable concession stand during every home football game and owning their own building on campus which can be used as a cigar lounge. Fifty-seven chapels are located throughout the campus. | What is Congregation of Holy Cross in Latin? {sep_token} What percentage of Notre Dame students feel they are Christian? {sep_token} How often is Catholic mass held at Notre Dame in a week? {sep_token} How many chapels are on the Notre Dame campus? {sep_token} What amount of the student body of Notre Dame identifies as Catholic? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend "Venite Ad Me Omnes". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | What sits on top of the Main Building at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What is in front of the Notre Dame Main Building? {sep_token} The Basilica of the Sacred heart at Notre Dame is beside to which structure? {sep_token} What is the Grotto at Notre Dame? {sep_token} To whom did the Virgin Mary allegedly appear in 1858 in Lourdes France? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is located on the campus across St. Joseph lake from the Main Building. Old College, the oldest building on campus and located near the shore of St. Mary lake, houses undergraduate seminarians. Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, as well as Columba Hall near the Grotto. The university through the Moreau Seminary has ties to theologian Frederick Buechner. While not Catholic, Buechner has praised writers from Notre Dame and Moreau Seminary created a Buechner Prize for Preaching. | Where is the headquarters of the Congregation of the Holy Cross? {sep_token} What is the primary seminary of the Congregation of the Holy Cross? {sep_token} What is the oldest structure at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What individuals live at Fatima House at Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which prize did Frederick Buechner create? {sep_token} |
generate questions: As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. | How many student news papers are found at Notre Dame? {sep_token} When did the Scholastic Magazine of Notre dame begin publishing? {sep_token} How often is Notre Dame's the Juggler published? {sep_token} What is the daily student paper at Notre Dame called? {sep_token} In what year did the student paper Common Sense begin publication at Notre Dame? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM. More recently, however, WVFI has been airing independently and is streamed on the Internet. | Which television station finds its home at Notre Dame? {sep_token} How many programs did NDtv feature in 2002? {sep_token} Which radio station provides radio to the students of Notre Dame at 88.9 FM? {sep_token} Which internet radio station of Notre Dame is served as an internet stream? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The first phase of Eddy Street Commons, a $215 million development located adjacent to the University of Notre Dame campus and funded by the university, broke ground on June 3, 2008. The Eddy Street Commons drew union protests when workers hired by the City of South Bend to construct the public parking garage picketed the private work site after a contractor hired non-union workers. The developer, Kite Realty out of Indianapolis, has made agreements with major national chains rather than local businesses, a move that has led to criticism from alumni and students. | How much is Eddy Street Commons at Notre Dame expected to cost? {sep_token} When was ground broke on the Eddy Street Commons Project of Notre Dame? {sep_token} Who is the developer of Eddy Street Commons? {sep_token} Which entity did Notre Dame hire to build a parking structure outside of Eddy Street Commons? {sep_token} There were protested as a part of the construction at Eddy Street Commons, they came due tot he hiring of whom? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Notre Dame teams are known as the Fighting Irish. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I, primarily competing in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) for all sports since the 2013–14 school year. The Fighting Irish previously competed in the Horizon League from 1982-83 to 1985-86, and again from 1987-88 to 1994-95, and then in the Big East Conference through 2012–13. Men's sports include baseball, basketball, crew, cross country, fencing, football, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis and track & field; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, fencing, golf, lacrosse, rowing, soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis, track & field and volleyball. The football team competes as an Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) Independent since its inception in 1887. Both fencing teams compete in the Midwest Fencing Conference, and the men's ice hockey team competes in Hockey East. | What does the acronym NCAA stand for? {sep_token} Which league did Notre Dame Fighting Irish teams participate in in 1982? {sep_token} What when conference do the Notre Dame fencing teams take part in? {sep_token} There is a conference that the male hockey team of Notre Dame competes in, what is it? {sep_token} In what conference did the Fighting Irish take part in in 2012? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Notre Dame's conference affiliations for all of its sports except football and fencing changed in July 2013 as a result of major conference realignment, and its fencing affiliation will change in July 2014. The Irish left the Big East for the ACC during a prolonged period of instability in the Big East; while they maintain their football independence, they have committed to play five games per season against ACC opponents. In ice hockey, the Irish were forced to find a new conference home after the Big Ten Conference's decision to add the sport in 2013–14 led to a cascade of conference moves that culminated in the dissolution of the school's former hockey home, the Central Collegiate Hockey Association, after the 2012–13 season. Notre Dame moved its hockey team to Hockey East. After Notre Dame joined the ACC, the conference announced it would add fencing as a sponsored sport beginning in the 2014–15 school year. There are many theories behind the adoption of the athletics moniker but it is known that the Fighting Irish name was used in the early 1920s with respect to the football team and was popularized by alumnus Francis Wallace in his New York Daily News columns. The official colors of Notre Dame are Navy Blue and Gold Rush which are worn in competition by its athletic teams. In addition, the color green is often worn because of the Fighting Irish nickname. The Notre Dame Leprechaun is the mascot of the athletic teams. Created by Theodore W. Drake in 1964, the leprechaun was first used on the football pocket schedule and later on the football program covers. The leprechaun was featured on the cover of Time in November 1964 and gained national exposure. | To what conference did the Fighting Irish go after the Big East? {sep_token} How many teams in each season do the Fighting Irish commit to play against ACC opponents? {sep_token} Where did the Fighting Irish hockey team compete prior to a move to Hockey East, in terms of conference? {sep_token} What colors are the official ones used by Notre Dame in sport competition? {sep_token} What type of mascot do the Notre Dame sport teams have? {sep_token} |
generate questions: On July 1, 2014, the University of Notre Dame and Under Armour reached an agreement in which Under Armour will provide uniforms, apparel,equipment, and monetary compensation to Notre Dame for 10 years. This contract, worth almost $100 million, is the most lucrative in the history of the NCAA. The university marching band plays at home games for most of the sports. The band, which began in 1846 and has a claim as the oldest university band in continuous existence in the United States, was honored by the National Music Council as a "Landmark of American Music" during the United States Bicentennial. The band regularly plays the school's fight song the Notre Dame Victory March, which was named as the most played and most famous fight song by Northern Illinois Professor William Studwell. According to College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology published in 1998, the "Notre Dame Victory March" ranks as the greatest fight song of all time. | Who currently provides uniforms to Notre Dame sport teams? {sep_token} What is the value of the contract between Under Armour and Notre Dame? {sep_token} When did the Notre Dame marching band form? {sep_token} What is notable about the Notre Dame marching band? {sep_token} What is the Notre Dame fight song? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The Notre Dame football team has a long history, first beginning when the Michigan Wolverines football team brought football to Notre Dame in 1887 and played against a group of students. In the long history since then, 13 Fighting Irish teams have won consensus national championships (although the university only claims 11), along with another nine teams being named national champion by at least one source. Additionally, the program has the most members in the College Football Hall of Fame, is tied with Ohio State University with the most Heisman Trophies won, and have the highest winning percentage in NCAA history. With the long history, Notre Dame has accumulated many rivals, and its annual game against USC for the Jeweled Shillelagh has been named by some as one of the most important in college football and is often called the greatest intersectional rivalry in college football in the country. | Which team did Notre Dame's football team find inspiration from? {sep_token} In what year did Notre Dame football begin? {sep_token} What university is Notre Dame tied with in terms of most Heisman Trophy winners? {sep_token} Against which team does Notre Dame compete for the Jeweled Shillelagh? {sep_token} In terms of Notre Dame students in the College Football Hall of Fame the amount of students named is what ? {sep_token} |
generate questions: George Gipp was the school's legendary football player during 1916–20. He played semiprofessional baseball and smoked, drank, and gambled when not playing sports. He was also humble, generous to the needy, and a man of integrity. It was in 1928 that famed coach Knute Rockne used his final conversation with the dying Gipp to inspire the Notre Dame team to beat the Army team and "win one for the Gipper." The 1940 film, Knute Rockne, All American, starred Pat O'Brien as Knute Rockne and Ronald Reagan as Gipp. Today the team competes in Notre Dame Stadium, an 80,795-seat stadium on campus. The current head coach is Brian Kelly, hired from the University of Cincinnati on December 11, 2009. Kelly's record in midway through his sixth season at Notre Dame is 52–21. In 2012, Kelly's Fighting Irish squad went undefeated and played in the BCS National Championship Game. Kelly succeeded Charlie Weis, who was fired in November 2009 after five seasons. Although Weis led his team to two Bowl Championship Series bowl games, his overall record was 35–27, mediocre by Notre Dame standards, and the 2007 team had the most losses in school history. The football team generates enough revenue to operate independently while $22.1 million is retained from the team's profits for academic use. Forbes named the team as the most valuable in college football, worth a total of $101 million in 2007. | What notable football player played at Notre Dame from 1916 to 1920? {sep_token} Against which opponent did Knute Rockne tell his team to "win one for the Gipper?" {sep_token} Which person portrayed Knute Rockne in the 1940 movie "Knute Rockne?" {sep_token} Ronald Reagan played the role of whom in 1940's "Knute Rockne?" {sep_token} How many seats are in Notre Dame Stadium? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Football gameday traditions During home games, activities occur all around campus and different dorms decorate their halls with a traditional item (e.g. Zahm House's two-story banner). Traditional activities begin at the stroke of midnight with the Drummers' Circle. This tradition involves the drum line of the Band of the Fighting Irish and ushers in the rest of the festivities that will continue the rest of the gameday Saturday. Later that day, the trumpet section will play the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater under the dome. The band entire will play a concert at the steps of Bond Hall, from where they will march into Notre Dame Stadium, leading fans and students alike across campus to the game. | What is displayed at Zahm House for football home games at Notre Dame? {sep_token} What occurs at midnight preceding a football home game at Notre Dame? {sep_token} From where does the Band of the Fighting Irish lead a march to the Notre Dame Stadium for football home games? {sep_token} What songs does the trumpet section of the Band of the Fighting Irish play preceding home football games? {sep_token} On what day do Notre Dame home football games occur? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The men's basketball team has over 1,600 wins, one of only 12 schools who have reached that mark, and have appeared in 28 NCAA tournaments. Former player Austin Carr holds the record for most points scored in a single game of the tournament with 61. Although the team has never won the NCAA Tournament, they were named by the Helms Athletic Foundation as national champions twice. The team has orchestrated a number of upsets of number one ranked teams, the most notable of which was ending UCLA's record 88-game winning streak in 1974. The team has beaten an additional eight number-one teams, and those nine wins rank second, to UCLA's 10, all-time in wins against the top team. The team plays in newly renovated Purcell Pavilion (within the Edmund P. Joyce Center), which reopened for the beginning of the 2009–2010 season. The team is coached by Mike Brey, who, as of the 2014–15 season, his fifteenth at Notre Dame, has achieved a 332-165 record. In 2009 they were invited to the NIT, where they advanced to the semifinals but were beaten by Penn State who went on and beat Baylor in the championship. The 2010–11 team concluded its regular season ranked number seven in the country, with a record of 25–5, Brey's fifth straight 20-win season, and a second-place finish in the Big East. During the 2014-15 season, the team went 32-6 and won the ACC conference tournament, later advancing to the Elite 8, where the Fighting Irish lost on a missed buzzer-beater against then undefeated Kentucky. Led by NBA draft picks Jerian Grant and Pat Connaughton, the Fighting Irish beat the eventual national champion Duke Blue Devils twice during the season. The 32 wins were the most by the Fighting Irish team since 1908-09. | How many wins does the Notre Dame men's basketball team have? {sep_token} How many schools have a similar men's basketball record to Notre Dame in terms of wins? {sep_token} How many NCAA tournaments did the Notre Dame men's basketball team take part in? {sep_token} Which Notre Dame men's basketball player has the record for more points in one game? {sep_token} Who was the Notre Dame men's basketball coach in 2014? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The "Notre Dame Victory March" is the fight song for the University of Notre Dame. It was written by two brothers who were Notre Dame graduates. The Rev. Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is, "Cheer cheer for old Notre Dame, wake up the echos cheering her name. Send a volley cheer on high, shake down the thunder from the sky! What though the odds be great or small, old Notre Dame will win over all. While her loyal sons are marching, onward to victory!" | Who wrote the original lyrics to the Notre Dame Victory March? {sep_token} In what year did Michael J. Shea graduate from Notre Dame? {sep_token} Who is responsible for writing the music for "Notre Dame Victory March?" {sep_token} In what year did "Notre Dame Victory March" get copyrighted? {sep_token} To where are the loyal sons in "Notre Dame Fight Song" marching? {sep_token} |
generate questions: In the film Knute Rockne, All American, Knute Rockne (played by Pat O'Brien) delivers the famous "Win one for the Gipper" speech, at which point the background music swells with the "Notre Dame Victory March". George Gipp was played by Ronald Reagan, whose nickname "The Gipper" was derived from this role. This scene was parodied in the movie Airplane! with the same background music, only this time honoring George Zipp, one of Ted Striker's former comrades. The song also was prominent in the movie Rudy, with Sean Astin as Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at the University of Notre Dame despite significant obstacles. | Ronald Reagan had a nickname, what was it? {sep_token} In what film did a parody of the "Win one for the Gipper" speech appear? {sep_token} Who starred as Daniel Ruettiger in the film Rudy? {sep_token} Which person was a former comrade to Ted Striker in the film Airplane!? {sep_token} Pat O'Brien portrayed which person in the film Knute Rockne? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Notre Dame alumni work in various fields. Alumni working in political fields include state governors, members of the United States Congress, and former United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. A notable alumnus of the College of Science is Medicine Nobel Prize winner Eric F. Wieschaus. A number of university heads are alumni, including Notre Dame's current president, the Rev. John Jenkins. Additionally, many alumni are in the media, including talk show hosts Regis Philbin and Phil Donahue, and television and radio personalities such as Mike Golic and Hannah Storm. With the university having high profile sports teams itself, a number of alumni went on to become involved in athletics outside the university, including professional baseball, basketball, football, and ice hockey players, such as Joe Theismann, Joe Montana, Tim Brown, Ross Browner, Rocket Ismail, Ruth Riley, Jeff Samardzija, Jerome Bettis, Brett Lebda, Olympic gold medalist Mariel Zagunis, professional boxer Mike Lee, former football coaches such as Charlie Weis, Frank Leahy and Knute Rockne, and Basketball Hall of Famers Austin Carr and Adrian Dantley. Other notable alumni include prominent businessman Edward J. DeBartolo, Jr. and astronaut Jim Wetherbee. | Which Secretary of State attended Notre Dame? {sep_token} Which Notre Dame alum from the College of Science won a Nobel Prize? {sep_token} Who is the current president of Notre Dame? {sep_token} Mariel Zagunis is notable for winning what? {sep_token} Which notable astronaut is known to have attended Notre Dame? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Anthropology is the study of humans and their societies in the past and present. Its main subdivisions are social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies around the world, linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life, and biological or physical anthropology, which concerns long-term development of the human organism. Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence, is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right, or grouped under other related disciplines such as history. | What is anthropology a study of? {sep_token} What type of anthropology describes the workings of societies around the world? {sep_token} What investigates the influence of language in social life? {sep_token} What subdivision of anthropology concerns itself with the long-term development of the human organism? {sep_token} Where is Archaeology considered a branch of anthropology? {sep_token} What is the study of human history? {sep_token} What are the main subdivisions of history? {sep_token} What studies the influence of societies on social life? {sep_token} what studies the influince of other organisms on humans? {sep_token} What does the United States view as a discipline in its own right? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Sporadic use of the term for some of the subject matter occurred subsequently, such as the use by Étienne Serres in 1838 to describe the natural history, or paleontology, of man, based on comparative anatomy, and the creation of a chair in anthropology and ethnography in 1850 at the National Museum of Natural History (France) by Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau. Various short-lived organizations of anthropologists had already been formed. The Société Ethnologique de Paris, the first to use Ethnology, was formed in 1839. Its members were primarily anti-slavery activists. When slavery was abolished in France in 1848 the Société was abandoned. | Who used the term anthropology to describe the natural history of man? {sep_token} When was anthropology used as a term for comparative anatomy? {sep_token} When was a chair created for anthropology at the National Museum of Natural History? {sep_token} Where is the National Museum of Natural History located? {sep_token} What organization was formed by members whose primary objective was the abolishment of slavery? {sep_token} What did Etienne Serres describe in the 18th century? {sep_token} Where was a chair in anthropology and ethnography created in 1838? {sep_token} Who created a chair in anthropology and ethnography in the 18th century? {sep_token} What group first used the term Ethnology in the 18th century? {sep_token} What society abolised slavery in France? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Anthropology and many other current fields are the intellectual results of the comparative methods developed in the earlier 19th century. Theorists in such diverse fields as anatomy, linguistics, and Ethnology, making feature-by-feature comparisons of their subject matters, were beginning to suspect that similarities between animals, languages, and folkways were the result of processes or laws unknown to them then. For them, the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species was the epiphany of everything they had begun to suspect. Darwin himself arrived at his conclusions through comparison of species he had seen in agronomy and in the wild. | What is anthropology the intellectual results of? {sep_token} What were theorists in diverse fields beginning to notice between animals and languages? {sep_token} What did the theorists suspect these patterns were the result of? {sep_token} What was Darwin's On The Origin of Species for theorists? {sep_token} How did Darwin arrive at his conclusions? {sep_token} What is the result of methods developed in the 1900's {sep_token} What methods were developed in the 1900's? {sep_token} Who was begining to suspect diffrences between animals, languages and folkways? {sep_token} Who contradicted the supisions of other theorists? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Darwin and Wallace unveiled evolution in the late 1850s. There was an immediate rush to bring it into the social sciences. Paul Broca in Paris was in the process of breaking away from the Société de biologie to form the first of the explicitly anthropological societies, the Société d'Anthropologie de Paris, meeting for the first time in Paris in 1859.[n 4] When he read Darwin he became an immediate convert to Transformisme, as the French called evolutionism. His definition now became "the study of the human group, considered as a whole, in its details, and in relation to the rest of nature". | When did Wallace and Darwin unveil the theory of evolution? {sep_token} What was there a rush to do with the theory of evolution? {sep_token} Where did Paul Broca reside? {sep_token} What organization was Broca in the process of disentangling himself from? {sep_token} What did the French call evolutionism? {sep_token} Who unveiled evolution in the 18th century? {sep_token} Who broke away from the Societe d'Anthropologie de Paris? {sep_token} Who formed the Societe de biologie? {sep_token} What did Broca redefine Transformisme to? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Broca, being what today would be called a neurosurgeon, had taken an interest in the pathology of speech. He wanted to localize the difference between man and the other animals, which appeared to reside in speech. He discovered the speech center of the human brain, today called Broca's area after him. His interest was mainly in Biological anthropology, but a German philosopher specializing in psychology, Theodor Waitz, took up the theme of general and social anthropology in his six-volume work, entitled Die Anthropologie der Naturvölker, 1859–1864. The title was soon translated as "The Anthropology of Primitive Peoples". The last two volumes were published posthumously. | If Broca were alive today, what would his profession be? {sep_token} What particularly interested Broca? {sep_token} What did Broca discover in the human brain? {sep_token} What did the German philosopher Waitz specialize in? {sep_token} How many volumes was Waitz work? {sep_token} What did Broca leave neurosurgery to study? {sep_token} Where did Broca think the similarity between man and other animals resided? {sep_token} Who wrote a six-volume work on Biological anthropology? {sep_token} What did Waitz write in the 18th century? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Waitz defined anthropology as "the science of the nature of man". By nature he meant matter animated by "the Divine breath"; i.e., he was an animist. Following Broca's lead, Waitz points out that anthropology is a new field, which would gather material from other fields, but would differ from them in the use of comparative anatomy, physiology, and psychology to differentiate man from "the animals nearest to him". He stresses that the data of comparison must be empirical, gathered by experimentation. The history of civilization as well as ethnology are to be brought into the comparison. It is to be presumed fundamentally that the species, man, is a unity, and that "the same laws of thought are applicable to all men". | How did Waitz define anthropology? {sep_token} What philosophical perspective did Waitz hold? {sep_token} What would anthropology use to differentiate man from the animals nearest him? {sep_token} What did Waitz stress that the data of comparison must be? {sep_token} What history was to be brought into the comparison? {sep_token} How did Broca define anthropology? {sep_token} How did Broca define nature? {sep_token} who followed Waitz lead and pointed out anthropology was a new field? {sep_token} What was to be compared to civilizations? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Waitz was influential among the British ethnologists. In 1863 the explorer Richard Francis Burton and the speech therapist James Hunt broke away from the Ethnological Society of London to form the Anthropological Society of London, which henceforward would follow the path of the new anthropology rather than just ethnology. It was the 2nd society dedicated to general anthropology in existence. Representatives from the French Société were present, though not Broca. In his keynote address, printed in the first volume of its new publication, The Anthropological Review, Hunt stressed the work of Waitz, adopting his definitions as a standard.[n 5] Among the first associates were the young Edward Burnett Tylor, inventor of cultural anthropology, and his brother Alfred Tylor, a geologist. Previously Edward had referred to himself as an ethnologist; subsequently, an anthropologist. | Who was Waitz influential among? {sep_token} In what year did Richard Francis Burton break away from the Ethnological Society of London? {sep_token} What path of exploration did the Anthropological Society of London follow? {sep_token} Representatives from where were present in the Anthropological Society of London? {sep_token} Whose work did Hunt stress in the first volume of The Anthropological Review? {sep_token} Who was influentual among European ethnologists? {sep_token} Who did Richard Francis Burton break away from in the 18th century? {sep_token} What society did James Hunt form in the 18th century? {sep_token} What was the name of Waitz new publication? {sep_token} What field did Alfred Tylor invent? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Similar organizations in other countries followed: The American Anthropological Association in 1902, the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865), the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870), the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871), and many others subsequently. The majority of these were evolutionist. One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation. | When was the American Anthropological Association founded? {sep_token} When did Madrid get it's own anthropological society? {sep_token} Vienna created it's society in what year? {sep_token} When was the Berlin Society of Anthropology founded by Rudolph Virchow? {sep_token} What did Virchow feel Darwin's conclusions lacked? {sep_token} What organization was founded in America in the 19th century? {sep_token} What Italian Society was founded by Rudolph Virchow? {sep_token} What society was founded in Vienna in 1865? {sep_token} Who was known for is attacks on evolutionist on religious grounds? {sep_token} |
generate questions: During the last three decades of the 19th century a proliferation of anthropological societies and associations occurred, most independent, most publishing their own journals, and all international in membership and association. The major theorists belonged to these organizations. They supported the gradual osmosis of anthropology curricula into the major institutions of higher learning. By 1898 the American Association for the Advancement of Science was able to report that 48 educational institutions in 13 countries had some curriculum in anthropology. None of the 75 faculty members were under a department named anthropology. | What proliferated in the last three decades of the 19th century? {sep_token} What did all the anthropological societies allow their membership to be? {sep_token} Who belonged to these proliferating organizations? {sep_token} How many educational institutions had some curriculum in anthropology by 1898? {sep_token} How many countries were the institutions teaching anthropology located in? {sep_token} What was there a proliferation of in the 1900's? {sep_token} Who created anthropology curricula in major institutions of higher learning? {sep_token} What was found in 48 educational institutions in the 18th century? {sep_token} |
generate questions: This meagre statistic expanded in the 20th century to comprise anthropology departments in the majority of the world's higher educational institutions, many thousands in number. Anthropology has diversified from a few major subdivisions to dozens more. Practical anthropology, the use of anthropological knowledge and technique to solve specific problems, has arrived; for example, the presence of buried victims might stimulate the use of a forensic archaeologist to recreate the final scene. Organization has reached global level. For example, the World Council of Anthropological Associations (WCAA), "a network of national, regional and international associations that aims to promote worldwide communication and cooperation in anthropology", currently contains members from about three dozen nations. | What did the 20th century see the expansion of anthropology departments into? {sep_token} What was anthropology diversified into dozens of? {sep_token} What type of anthropology is used to solve specific problems? {sep_token} What does a forensic archaeologist become stimulated to do in the presence of buried victims? {sep_token} From how many nations does the WCAA boast members from? {sep_token} Where were anthropology departments found by the 2000's? {sep_token} What has been combined into one anthropology field? {sep_token} What type of anthropology is used to solve hypothetical problems? {sep_token} What do practical antropologists recreate? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Since the work of Franz Boas and Bronisław Malinowski in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, social anthropology in Great Britain and cultural anthropology in the US have been distinguished from other social sciences by its emphasis on cross-cultural comparisons, long-term in-depth examination of context, and the importance it places on participant-observation or experiential immersion in the area of research. Cultural anthropology in particular has emphasized cultural relativism, holism, and the use of findings to frame cultural critiques. This has been particularly prominent in the United States, from Boas' arguments against 19th-century racial ideology, through Margaret Mead's advocacy for gender equality and sexual liberation, to current criticisms of post-colonial oppression and promotion of multiculturalism. Ethnography is one of its primary research designs as well as the text that is generated from anthropological fieldwork. | When did Bronislaw Malinoswki and Franz Boas do their relevant work? {sep_token} What has cultural anthropology distinguished itself from other social sciences by emphasizing? {sep_token} What has cultural anthropology specifically emphasized? {sep_token} What did Boas' argue against? {sep_token} What did Margaret Mead advocate for? {sep_token} Who distinguished cultural and social antropology from other sciences in the 1900's and early 2000? {sep_token} How was cultural and Social anthropology distinguish from other sciences around the world? {sep_token} What kind of relativisim has been emphasized by social anthropology? {sep_token} .What did Boas use to advocate for gender equality? {sep_token} What did Margaret Meade use to argue against 19th century racial ideology? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Anthropology is a global discipline where humanities, social, and natural sciences are forced to confront one another. Anthropology builds upon knowledge from natural sciences, including the discoveries about the origin and evolution of Homo sapiens, human physical traits, human behavior, the variations among different groups of humans, how the evolutionary past of Homo sapiens has influenced its social organization and culture, and from social sciences, including the organization of human social and cultural relations, institutions, social conflicts, etc. Early anthropology originated in Classical Greece and Persia and studied and tried to understand observable cultural diversity. As such, anthropology has been central in the development of several new (late 20th century) interdisciplinary fields such as cognitive science, global studies, and various ethnic studies. | What type of discipline is anthropology? {sep_token} What fields are forced to confront one another in anthropology? {sep_token} What builds upon natural and social sciences? {sep_token} Where did early anthropology originate? {sep_token} What interdisciplinary fields has anthropology been central in the development of? {sep_token} What disciplines is Anthropolgy forced to confront? {sep_token} What builds upon knowledge from Anthropology? {sep_token} What began in modern day Greece? {sep_token} What interdisciplinary fields has anthropology developed from? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Sociocultural anthropology has been heavily influenced by structuralist and postmodern theories, as well as a shift toward the analysis of modern societies. During the 1970s and 1990s, there was an epistemological shift away from the positivist traditions that had largely informed the discipline.[page needed] During this shift, enduring questions about the nature and production of knowledge came to occupy a central place in cultural and social anthropology. In contrast, archaeology and biological anthropology remained largely positivist. Due to this difference in epistemology, the four sub-fields of anthropology have lacked cohesion over the last several decades. | What has sociocultural anthropology been heavily influenced by? {sep_token} When was there an epistemological shift away from positivist traditions in anthropology? {sep_token} What questions came to occupy a central place in cultural and social anthropology? {sep_token} What two fields remained largely positivist? {sep_token} What have the four sub-fields of anthropology lacked over the last several decades? {sep_token} what has heavily influenced structuralists and postmodern theories? {sep_token} When was there a shift towards the positivist traditions? {sep_token} What did archeology and biological anthropology largly shift away from? {sep_token} What has been cohesive over the last several decades? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Sociocultural anthropology draws together the principle axes of cultural anthropology and social anthropology. Cultural anthropology is the comparative study of the manifold ways in which people make sense of the world around them, while social anthropology is the study of the relationships among persons and groups. Cultural anthropology is more related to philosophy, literature and the arts (how one's culture affects experience for self and group, contributing to more complete understanding of the people's knowledge, customs, and institutions), while social anthropology is more related to sociology and history. in that it helps develop understanding of social structures, typically of others and other populations (such as minorities, subgroups, dissidents, etc.). There is no hard-and-fast distinction between them, and these categories overlap to a considerable degree. | What draws together the axes of cultural and social anthropology? {sep_token} What studies the way people make sense of the world around them? {sep_token} Which type of anthropology studies relationships among persons and groups? {sep_token} What does social anthropology help develop an understanding of? {sep_token} What kind of distinction is lacking between social and cultural anthropology? {sep_token} What draws together the aces of Sociocultural anthropology? {sep_token} What studies how people use the world around them? {sep_token} What type of anthropology studies relationships among persons and their history? {sep_token} What type off anthropology has a hard-and-fast distinction from social anthropology? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Inquiry in sociocultural anthropology is guided in part by cultural relativism, the attempt to understand other societies in terms of their own cultural symbols and values. Accepting other cultures in their own terms moderates reductionism in cross-cultural comparison. This project is often accommodated in the field of ethnography. Ethnography can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research, i.e. an ethnographic monograph. As methodology, ethnography is based upon long-term fieldwork within a community or other research site. Participant observation is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology. Ethnology involves the systematic comparison of different cultures. The process of participant-observation can be especially helpful to understanding a culture from an emic (conceptual, vs. etic, or technical) point of view. | What is the attempt to understand other societies on their own terms? {sep_token} What does accepting other cultures in their own terms moderate? {sep_token} What can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research? {sep_token} What is one of the foundational methods of social anthropology? {sep_token} What is a needlessly complicated word which means "conceptual"? {sep_token} What is cultural relativism guided by? {sep_token} What moderates accepting other cultures on their own terms? {sep_token} What is one of the foundational methods of Ethnology? {sep_token} What does social anthropology involve the comarision of? {sep_token} |
generate questions: The study of kinship and social organization is a central focus of sociocultural anthropology, as kinship is a human universal. Sociocultural anthropology also covers economic and political organization, law and conflict resolution, patterns of consumption and exchange, material culture, technology, infrastructure, gender relations, ethnicity, childrearing and socialization, religion, myth, symbols, values, etiquette, worldview, sports, music, nutrition, recreation, games, food, festivals, and language (which is also the object of study in linguistic anthropology). | Why type of anthropology is the study of social organization a central focus of? {sep_token} Why type of conflict is sociocultural anthropology interested in? {sep_token} What patterns does sociocultural anthropology get up in the morning to learn about? {sep_token} What is the object of study for linguistic anthropology? {sep_token} What is a human universal? {sep_token} What is the study of kinship and ancestory? {sep_token} What type of anthropology covers the formation of conflict? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Archaeology is the study of the human past through its material remains. Artifacts, faunal remains, and human altered landscapes are evidence of the cultural and material lives of past societies. Archaeologists examine these material remains in order to deduce patterns of past human behavior and cultural practices. Ethnoarchaeology is a type of archaeology that studies the practices and material remains of living human groups in order to gain a better understanding of the evidence left behind by past human groups, who are presumed to have lived in similar ways. | What field studies human's past through material remains? {sep_token} What are artifacts, faunal remains and human altered landscapes the evidence of? {sep_token} What can archaeologists deduce from material remains? {sep_token} What do Ethnoarchaeologists gain a better understanding of by studying living human groups? {sep_token} How are long dead human groups presumed to have lived and behaved as compared to still living populations? {sep_token} What is the study of humanity? {sep_token} What creates patterns of past humane behavior? {sep_token} What do Ethnoarchaelogist study to get a better understanding of past humane goups? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Linguistic anthropology (also called anthropological linguistics) seeks to understand the processes of human communications, verbal and non-verbal, variation in language across time and space, the social uses of language, and the relationship between language and culture. It is the branch of anthropology that brings linguistic methods to bear on anthropological problems, linking the analysis of linguistic forms and processes to the interpretation of sociocultural processes. Linguistic anthropologists often draw on related fields including sociolinguistics, pragmatics, cognitive linguistics, semiotics, discourse analysis, and narrative analysis. | What subdivision of anthropology seeks to understand the process of human communications? {sep_token} What problems does linguistic anthropology bring linguistic methods to bear on? {sep_token} What is the analysis of linguistic forms and processes linked to? {sep_token} What related fields do linguistic anthropologists draw on? {sep_token} What subdivision of linguistics studies human communication? {sep_token} What is the analysis of of linguistic anthropology? {sep_token} What related fields draw on linguistic anthropology? {sep_token} |
generate questions: One of the central problems in the anthropology of art concerns the universality of 'art' as a cultural phenomenon. Several anthropologists have noted that the Western categories of 'painting', 'sculpture', or 'literature', conceived as independent artistic activities, do not exist, or exist in a significantly different form, in most non-Western contexts. To surmount this difficulty, anthropologists of art have focused on formal features in objects which, without exclusively being 'artistic', have certain evident 'aesthetic' qualities. Boas' Primitive Art, Claude Lévi-Strauss' The Way of the Masks (1982) or Geertz's 'Art as Cultural System' (1983) are some examples in this trend to transform the anthropology of 'art' into an anthropology of culturally specific 'aesthetics'. | What is a cultural phenomenon? {sep_token} What have several anthropologists noted about Western artistic endeavors and their place in non-Western contexts? {sep_token} What formal features in objects do anthropologists of art focus on? {sep_token} When was Art as Cultural System penned? {sep_token} What is the trend to transform the anthropology of 'art' into an anthropology of? {sep_token} What is a central problem of the study of art? {sep_token} What categories of art do not exixt in most Wester contests? {sep_token} When did Boas write The Way of the Masks? {sep_token} What have anthropologists triet to turn the anthropology of culturally specific aesthetics into? {sep_token} When did Greetz write Primitive Art? {sep_token} |
generate questions: Media anthropology (also known as anthropology of media or mass media) emphasizes ethnographic studies as a means of understanding producers, audiences, and other cultural and social aspects of mass media. The types of ethnographic contexts explored range from contexts of media production (e.g., ethnographies of newsrooms in newspapers, journalists in the field, film production) to contexts of media reception, following audiences in their everyday responses to media. Other types include cyber anthropology, a relatively new area of internet research, as well as ethnographies of other areas of research which happen to involve media, such as development work, social movements, or health education. This is in addition to many classic ethnographic contexts, where media such as radio, the press, new media and television have started to make their presences felt since the early 1990s. | What type of anthropology tries to understand the social aspects of mass media? {sep_token} Media production and media reception are examples of what type of context? {sep_token} What type of anthropology involves the relatively new area of internet search? {sep_token} Media such as a radio and television have started to make their presences felt since what years? {sep_token} Following audiences in their everyday responses to media is encompassed by what type of context? {sep_token} What is the study of Mass Media? {sep_token} What type of anthropology involves the internet and roboticas? {sep_token} What form of media began to lose its presence in the 1990's? {sep_token} |