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{"datasets_id": 162174, "wiki_id": "Q427475", "sp": 14, "sc": 175, "ep": 18, "ec": 117}

Q427475

Percha

Coat-of-arms & Linguistic distribution

and the woods, the six points are the six villages in the municipality; the plow represents the agriculture practiced in the territory. The coat of arms was granted in 1967. Linguistic distribution According to the 2011 census, 94.86% of the population speak German, 4.29% Italian and 0.84% Ladin as first language.

{"datasets_id": 162175, "wiki_id": "Q7168587", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 46}

Q7168587

Peringad

Chithara Estate

Peringad Chithara Estate The famous oil palm "Chithara Estate" is here.

{"datasets_id": 162176, "wiki_id": "Q244696", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 568}

Q244696

Peso

1537–1686 piece of eight

Peso 1537–1686 piece of eight The name peso was given to the 8-real silver coin introduced in 1497, minted at 8​³⁄₈ pesos to a Castilian mark (230.0465 grams) of silver 134/144 fine (25.56 g fine silver). It was minted in large quantities after the discovery of silver in Mexico, Peru and Bolivia in the 16th century and immediately became a coin of worldwide importance in international trade between Europe, Asia and North America. Initially the peso was produced in Spanish Latin America in a rapid and simplified manner by cutting off a lump of silver of proper weight and fineness from

{"datasets_id": 162176, "wiki_id": "Q244696", "sp": 6, "sc": 568, "ep": 6, "ec": 1147}

Q244696

Peso

1537–1686 piece of eight

the end of a silver bar, which was then flattened out and impressed by a hammer. This resulted in a crude, irregular coin called a cob in English, or a macuquina in Spanish. The Crown was entitled to a fifth of all gold and silver mined, the quinto real (royal fifth), and cobs were a convenient means of handling and accounting for silver. In most cases these cobs were immediately melted down by the recipient. However, some did remain in circulation as currency, and these cobs were ideal candidates for clipping and counterfeiting due to their irregular shape and incomplete

{"datasets_id": 162176, "wiki_id": "Q244696", "sp": 6, "sc": 1147, "ep": 6, "ec": 1742}

Q244696

Peso

1537–1686 piece of eight

design. Spanish laws of 1728 and 1730 ordered the mechanization of the minting of the peso so that they would be perfectly round and have milled edges. There was a simultaneous reduction in weight and fineness to 8.5 pesos to a mark (27.064 g), 0.9167 fine or 24.809 g fine silver. This new peso became even more popular in international trade, with recipients finding it more advantageous to trade it as coined silver of known value rather than melting it into silver bullion of unknown worth. This coin was known to English colonists in North America as a piece of eight, then

{"datasets_id": 162176, "wiki_id": "Q244696", "sp": 6, "sc": 1742, "ep": 6, "ec": 2314}

Q244696

Peso

1537–1686 piece of eight

later on as a Spanish dollar, Spanish milled dollar, and finally as a Mexican dollar. In French, it was called a piastre and in Portuguese, a pataca or patacão. The Spanish names at various times and in various places were real de a ocho, patacón, duro, or fuerte. A final alteration in 1772 further reduced the fineness of the peso from 11/12 fine to 130/144 = 0.9028 (fine silver 24.443 g). A sample of coins at the end of the 18th century, however, confirm a fineness of only 0.896 (hence, fine silver 24.25 g); see Currency of Spanish America#Coinage of 1786.

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Q244696

Peso

1537–1686 piece of eight & In Spain

The weight of the United States dollar was defined in 1788 as 371.25 grains of fine silver (or 24.057 g) based on the average silver content of worn peso coins. The full 0.9028 fineness was only restored by Mexico after its independence in 1821. In Spain While the relationship of 8 reales = $1 (or peso duro) continued in the Americas until the 19th century, Spain grappled with the issuance of reales de vellon (made of billon alloy with less than ½ silver) of various weights and finenesses starting 1600 due to its domestic financial and monetary problems. In 1642 it

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Q244696

Peso

In Spain

first recognized a new, reduced real provincial worth only $0.10 or 10 reales/$ for use only in Spain (with the old real worth $0.125 now called real nacional and retained in Latin America). In 1686 Spain minted a coin worth 8 reales provinciales (or only $0.80, known as the peso maria or peso sencillo) which was poorly received by the people. An edict made in the same year which valued the peso duro at $1 = 15​²⁄₃₄ reales de vellon proved to be ineffective as the various reales in circulation contained even less silver. The situation was only resolved in 1837

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Q244696

Peso

In Spain

with the peso duro fixed at $1 = 20 reales de vellon and with all prior non-standard reales demonetized. The loss of Latin American colonies and the ensuing domestic instability in the 19th century cut off the inflow of precious metals into Spain and resulted in French coinage gradually entering domestic circulation. Two subsequent decimal system reforms were attempted in 1850 (at $1 = 20 reales, each of 10 decimos or 100 centimos) and 1864 (at $1 = 2 silver escudos, each of 100 centimos) but were not fully carried out. The peso and the real was only fully retired with

{"datasets_id": 162176, "wiki_id": "Q244696", "sp": 10, "sc": 1483, "ep": 14, "ec": 420}

Q244696

Peso

In Spain & 1821–1897 Mexican dollar

the introduction in 1868 of the Spanish peseta, at par with the French franc, and at the rate of $1 = 20 reales = 5 pesetas = 22.5 grams of fine silver. 1821–1897 Mexican dollar The successful revolt of the Spanish colonies in America had cut off the supply of silver coin by 1820. By 1825 “...the Spanish dollar, the universal coin of three centuries, had lost its supremacy, and...its universal dominion was in process of disintegration into rival ‘currency areas’, chief among which was destined to be the area dominated by British sterling.” But the Spanish dollar continued to dominate

{"datasets_id": 162176, "wiki_id": "Q244696", "sp": 14, "sc": 420, "ep": 14, "ec": 1029}

Q244696

Peso

1821–1897 Mexican dollar

the Eastern trade, and the peso of eight reales continued to be minted in the New World. The coin was sometimes called a Republican dollar, but eventually any peso of the old Spanish eight-real standard was generally referred to as a Mexican dollar, Mexico being the most prolific producer. Mexico restored the standard of 1772, producing a coin of 27.073 g, 0.9028 fine, containing 24.441 g fine silver (the mark weight of the Mexico City mint was very slightly heavier than the standard mark of Spain). In 1869–1870, not long after adopting the metric system, Mexican mints began producing the peso

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Q244696

Peso

1821–1897 Mexican dollar

of “Un Peso” denomination, popularly known as “balanza” (scales), with the same weight and fineness, but with a uniform diameter of 37 mm (making it slightly thicker than the old peso, which was slightly irregular, with a diameter of 38–40 mm). Chinese merchants rejected the new coin, discounting it 4%–5% in favor of the old eight-real peso. Faced with this threat to her silver exports, Mexico returned to the old eight-real peso by decree of May 29, 1873, but international trade was already shifting from silver to gold, and after 1873 there was a steady decline in the international price of silver. Prior

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Q244696

Peso

1821–1897 Mexican dollar

to 1873, the Mexican dollar would have been to all intents and purposes equal in value to the silver dollar coins of the United States north of the border, but at that time in history, the Mexican coin would have had a much greater international notoriety than that of the U.S. dollar. The great silver devaluation of 1873 caused the Mexican dollar to drop in value against the U.S. dollar, but up until the beginning of the 20th century, the Mexican dollar would still have been a more widely accepted coin in the Far East, than the U.S. dollar. Between

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Q244696

Peso

1821–1897 Mexican dollar

the 16th and 19th centuries, Mexico produced well over three billion of these coins. Mexico minted the last eight-real peso in 1897, and at the beginning of the twentieth century, these Mexican dollar coins were worth only 50 cents in relation to the U.S. dollar.

{"datasets_id": 162177, "wiki_id": "Q7177230", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 8, "ec": 303}

Q7177230

Peter T. Zarella

Early life, education, and career

Peter T. Zarella Peter T. Zarella (born October 13, 1949) is a former Associate Justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court. Zarella sat on the court he was appointed by Governor John G. Rowland in January 2001 until his retirement on December 31, 2016. Early life, education, and career Zarella is a native of Boston. He received his B.S. from Northeastern University in 1972 and his J.D. from Suffolk University Law School in 1975. Zarella was in private practice from 1977 to 1996, and was a partner in the Hartford firm of Brown, Paindiris & Zarella from 1978 until 1996, when he

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Q7177230

Peter T. Zarella

Early life, education, and career & Supreme Court

was appointed to the Connecticut Superior Court. In December 1999, Zarella was elevated to the Connecticut Appellate Court. Governor John G. Rowland nominated Zarella as an Associate Justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court on January 4, 2001, and was sworn in on January 22, 2001. Supreme Court In 2004, Zarella authored the dissenting opinion (joined by then-Chief Justice William J. Sullivan and Associate Justice Joette Katz) in the important Kelo v. City of New London case. The case was decided by the Connecticut Supreme Court in a 4-3 en banc decision, with the majority opinion authored by Justice Flemming L. Norcott,

{"datasets_id": 162177, "wiki_id": "Q7177230", "sp": 12, "sc": 331, "ep": 12, "ec": 956}

Q7177230

Peter T. Zarella

Supreme Court

Jr., joined by Justices David M. Borden, Richard N. Palmer and Christine S. Vertefeuille. The Supreme Court of the United States affirmed the Connecticut Supreme Court's decision in favor of the city in a 5-4 decision, in what is viewed as a major decision in the history of the eminent domain power. A widespread negative reaction to the opinion led to many state legislatures restricting their eminent domain power. On March 24, 2006, Zarella was nominated by Governor M. Jodi Rell to replace Chief Justice William J. Sullivan, who had announced his retirement scheduled for April 15, 2005. The Connecticut Supreme

{"datasets_id": 162177, "wiki_id": "Q7177230", "sp": 12, "sc": 956, "ep": 12, "ec": 1634}

Q7177230

Peter T. Zarella

Supreme Court

Court became embroiled in a lengthy ethics scandal, however, when the Hartford Courant revealed that Sullivan had postponed the publication of a controversial decision opposing Freedom of Information Act requests for documents that track the status and history of legal cases in the Connecticut legal system until hearings for Zarella were completed. Both justices ruled in favor of the restrictions, and legislators speculated that Sullivan delayed the publication of the court's opinion because he feared it might damage Zarella's chances of becoming Chief Justice. This was subsequently confirmed in testimony by Sullivan. In April 2006 Rell withdrew Zarella's nomination to

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Q7177230

Peter T. Zarella

Supreme Court

be Chief Justice at his request after these revelations. There is no evidence that Zarella had knowledge that Sullivan was intentionally delaying publication of an opinion for the benefit of his nomination. On October 10, 2008, Zarella dissented in the case of Kerrigan v. Commissioner of Public Health, in which the court held that gay and lesbian couples could not be denied the right to marry because of the Equal Protection Clause of the state constitution. This decision made Connecticut the third state (along with Massachusetts and California) to legalize same-sex marriage through judicial decree of the state supreme court. Zarella is

{"datasets_id": 162177, "wiki_id": "Q7177230", "sp": 12, "sc": 2294, "ep": 12, "ec": 2381}

Q7177230

Peter T. Zarella

Supreme Court

a former chair of the Connecticut Criminal Justice Commission and the Rules Committee.

{"datasets_id": 162178, "wiki_id": "Q175942", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 651}

Q175942

Phocion

Phocion Phocion (/ˈfoʊʃiən, -ˌɒn/; Greek: Φωκίων Phokion; c. 402 – c. 318 BC; nicknamed The Good) was an Athenian statesman and strategos, and the subject of one of Plutarch's Parallel Lives. Phocion was a successful politician of Athens. He believed that extreme frugality was the condition for virtue and lived in accord with this; consequently, he was popularly known as "The Good." Further, people thought that Phocion was the most honest member of the Athenian Assembly. However, within this chamber, Phocion's tendency to strong opposition relegated him to a solitary stand against the entire political class. Nonetheless, by both his individual

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Q175942

Phocion

prestige and his military expertise, which was acquired by the side of Chabrias, Phocion was elected strategos numerous times, with a record 45 terms in office. Thus, during most of his 84 years of life, Phocion occupied the most important Athenian offices. In the late 320s, when Macedon gained complete control of Athens (under Antipater), though somewhat compromised Phocion defended both the urban center and its citizens. He even refused to comply with some dishonorable requests of the enemy. However, his stance put Phocion in opposition to both most free Athenians and Polyperchon, the next ruler of Macedonia, who arranged his

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Q175942

Phocion

Early life & His austere lifestyle

execution in Athens. Early life Phocion's father operated a lathe, producing iron tools. His grandfather was perhaps the trierarch Phocion who was killed at the battle of Cynossema in 411 BC. During his youth, Phocion sought to study liberal notions. He was both Plato's pupil and Xenocrates' friend. Through such philosophical education, Phocion was of virtuous moral character and he used to give prudent advice. This academic training left its mark upon him, but it was as a soldier rather than as a philosopher that he first came to notice. His austere lifestyle The Athenians recognized that Phocion was honest and

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Q175942

Phocion

His austere lifestyle

he was respected as such. He had a reserved demeanor; he was never seen either laughing or weeping. Indeed, he appeared quite severe, and was often feared by those meeting him for first time. Phocion believed that the frugality proved his own virtue. He was never seen at the public baths. Both on the Athenian streets and on campaign, he walked around wearing a simple tunic and without shoes. He only made an exception in extreme cold, wearing a cloak, so other soldiers said that Phocion gave a meteorological indication. Throughout his life Phocion lived in a home which was humble, with

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Q175942

Phocion

His austere lifestyle & Early military service to Athens

spare decoration, located at the Melite neighborhood, southward from the Acropolis. His wife cooked their everyday bread, and Phocion drew water, pumping it with his own hands. Phocion was first married to a woman whose father was a maker of clay statues. His second wife was famous in Athens for her humility. Once she said that her sole adornment was Phocion's twentieth strategos appointment. Phocion's son was Phocus. During his youth he became licentious and addicted to partying and wine, so Phocion sent him off to Sparta (which was famous for frugal lifestyles) for a period. Early military service to Athens The young

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Q175942

Phocion

Early military service to Athens

Phocion enrolled with Chabrias' armies, in many campaigns, gaining much experience. Chabrias esteemed him highly because Phocion helped to compensate for his turbulent personality. Reciprocally, Phocion was commended for the chief actions of his campaigns, and thus gained much fame, among the Athenians. In 376 BC, Phocion's participation was crucial in the Athenian naval victory of Naxos, where he commanded the leading left wing. Since it was the first clear Athenian victory since the Peloponnesian War, the Athenians greatly honoured its military leaders. The battle took place on the main day of the Eleusinian Mysteries and was remembered for years. After Chabrias

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Q175942

Phocion

Early military service to Athens & Role in the Athenian Assembly

died, Phocion took care of his family and particularly of his son, Ctesippus. However, Phocion could barely cope with Ctesippus' rather slow character. At last he exclaimed "O Chabrias, did ever a man show so much gratitude as I do in putting up with your son" Role in the Athenian Assembly Publicly, Phocion was recognized as the most austere and wisest Athenian politician. However, in the Athenian Assembly, he had an attitude of opposition to most of his peers, and criticism from Phocion was often unpopular within the chamber. Once, an oracle was brought from Delphi. It said that one man

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Q175942

Phocion

Role in the Athenian Assembly

would confront the rest of the politicians, whose opposing stand would be homogeneous. Phocion then rose, exclaiming: "I am that person who disagrees." Once, after Phocion was applauded by the chamber he asked his friends: "Have I unwittingly said something vile?" (Οὐ δὴ που κακόν τι λέγων ἐμαυτὸν λέληθα?) Demosthenes called him "the chopper of my speeches." On another occasion, Phocion spoke but was not heeded and not permitted to continue. He said: "You may compel me to act against my wishes, but you shall never force me to speak against my judgment." On the other hand, Phocion never harmed anyone he

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Q175942

Phocion

Role in the Athenian Assembly

disliked. Indeed, he was so kind that he helped a political rival if he was in some difficulty. Additionally, Phocion was unhappy that Athenian public functions had become split between two groups. Whereas the politicians dealt eminently with civilian matters, military issues were attended to exclusively by the generals. He campaigned for Athens to regain its old tradition, with politicians who could manage both sets of affairs. Parrying the eloquence of his opponents, Phocion resorted both to wise concepts and pithy sayings, which were famous in antiquity. Yet he avoided demagogic style and his tone was harsh and demanding, with few

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Q175942

Phocion

Role in the Athenian Assembly & Anecdotes

embellishments. Another distinguishing quality was that Phocion compressed many ideas into short phrases. Before any presentation, he spent much time considering how to shorten it. One of his friends said "You seem to be thinking about something, Phocion", and he replied "Yes, I am considering whether I can shorten the speech I am going to make." Anecdotes When someone made a joke about his severe visage, and some of the local politicians he was not on good terms with laughed in response, he remarked, "My frown never yet made any of you sad, but these jolly men have given you

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Q175942

Phocion

Anecdotes

plenty of sorrow." Demosthenes once said to Phocion that he might be killed some day, if the people became irrational. Phocion responded: "Yes; however, they would kill you if they came to their senses." On an occasion when Phocion was being heavily attacked by the entire assembly, he requested Archibiades, a man who liked imitating the Spartan lifestyle, to support his stand. However, the man took the popular side, declaring against Phocion as well. Phocion then grabbed his Spartan-style beard, saying, "It's time for you to shave." Another assemblyman, Aristogeiton, was famous because he usually called for war. However, when a muster was called

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Q175942

Phocion

Anecdotes

he happened to appear wearing bandages around his legs and walking with a cane. Phocion got up and shouted to the enrolling officer: "Put down Aristogeiton too, as lame and unfit for service." Some time afterward, Aristogeiton was jailed and at his request, Phocion visited him often. His friends criticized him for it, but he replied: "Come on! There is no better place to visit Aristogeiton." During a boundary dispute with Thebes, Phocion urged negotiations, while most Athenians called for war. He argued, "You had better carry on the contest with the weapons you use best: your tongues." Polyeuctos, an out-of-shape Athenian

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Q175942

Phocion

Anecdotes & Record-breaking strategos

politician, once made a speech advocating war with Philip II of Macedon, stopping repeatedly to drink water and catch his breath. During one such pause Phocion remarked, "Here is a fine man to lead us into war. What do you think he'll do when he is carrying his shield and armor to meet the enemy, if giving a speech has nearly killed him with exhaustion?" Record-breaking strategos Although Phocion never canvassed the Athenians for it, he was appointed strategos a record-breaking 45 times. Sometimes he did not attend the election meetings of the Agora and the people were forced

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Q175942

Phocion

Record-breaking strategos & Management of the Second Athenian League

to seek him afterward. However, he accepted the appointment on every occasion. Management of the Second Athenian League Phocion was sent to the Aegean Sea by Chabrias, to collect the regional tributes for the Second Athenian League. As representatives of Athens were unpopular among their 'subject' allies, Phocion had been issued 20 warships. However, he declined to bring them along, commenting that "if he was being sent to fight the islanders he would need a larger force, but if he was visiting them as allies, one ship was enough." So he departed just with his own trireme. At each city,

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Q175942

Phocion

Management of the Second Athenian League & Military service to Persia in Cyprus & Campaign in Euboea against Macedonia

Phocion negotiated each fee so diplomatically that he returned home with a large allied fleet, which protected their treasury. The allies even organized colourful parades in his honour. Military service to Persia in Cyprus Between 351–349 BC, Phocion helped the Persian Emperor Artaxerxes III to subdue the Cypriot rebellion. Campaign in Euboea against Macedonia In 349 BC, Philip II of Macedon invaded Euboea and established many local tyrants. Phocion went there with a small force, expecting to win over the Euboeans by diplomatic means. But Philip had organised a strong bribe network which corrupted the local politicians. Phocion established his camp on

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Q175942

Phocion

Campaign in Euboea against Macedonia

a hill outside the city of Tamynae, and ordered his men to ignore those who neglected their duties because of Macedonian bribes. He explained: "They are useless to us and furthermore, they will get in the way of those that are loyal." In 348 BC, with Macedonian support, the Euboean general Callias brought his armies to attack the camp. Phocion decided to offer many religious sacrifices before battle, until the gods were favourable. However such activities demanded much time, and the forces of the Euboean mercenaries attacked the enemy, their general thinking Phocion was a coward and hoping to force his

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Q175942

Phocion

Campaign in Euboea against Macedonia

hand. The Athenian cavalry was ill-disciplined, and not wishing to remain idle, raced out to meet the enemy, but with no formation and in scattered groups, so that they were easily beaten and routed. The Euboeans defeated the mercenaries and they began ravaging the Athenian camp. After Phocion could interpret his sacrifices favorably (or alternatively to draw the enemy in), he led his main lines into battle while the enemy where surging up the palisade thinking they had defeated Phocion's forces. This resulted in Phocion cutting down and routing the enemy forces. Just with his best men while the main body

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Q175942

Phocion

Campaign in Euboea against Macedonia & Campaign to repel Philip II from Byzantium

of the army rallied some of the previously dispersed troops, Phocion engaged the enemy's chief divisions, in a ferocious battle. Phocion was victorious but then freed the captured enemies, fearing the Athenians might treat them too harshly. Subsequently, Phocion captured the fort of Zaretra, which was at Euboea island's narrowest portion. Then, he returned to Athens. Campaign to repel Philip II from Byzantium With his armies, Philip II reached the Dardanelles, expecting successively to seize Chersonesus, Perinthus, and Byzantium. The Athenians sent Chares to confront him but the Greek colonies reacted negatively to him, as usual. Consequently, the force could do

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Q175942

Phocion

Campaign to repel Philip II from Byzantium

nothing except roam around the region. The Athenians were so angry that they wanted to cancel the expedition. Phocion interceded, saying: "You shouldn't be angry at our allies. You should blame our generals, because of whom we are feared even by those who need us most." Then, in 339 BC, Phocion was sent to the region. To Phocion's good fortune, it transpired that Leon, a personal friend from the academy and a Byzantine well known for his courage, personally guaranteed the Athenian's good faith. Thus, particularly there, the new expedition was amicably received and, even though Phocion had planned to camp

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Q175942

Phocion

Campaign to repel Philip II from Byzantium & Mission to aid Megara

outside the walls, was welcomed into the city, where the Athenian soldiers acted with exemplary discipline and courtesy. The Athenian soldiers also fought bravely, defending the site. Then, Phocion attacked the Macedonians around the region, liberating many cities, which expelled their Macedonian garrisons. Eventually, Macedonia was forced to withdraw from the region (temporarily, as it turned out). However, Phocion was wounded so he returned to Athens. Mission to aid Megara Secretly, the Megarians requested military help from Phocion. Phocion arrived with his army and was warmly received. He erected two long walls, from Megara to the seaport of Nisaea. The Megarians felt

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Q175942

Phocion

Mission to aid Megara & Subjection of Athens by Philip II

so safe that they allied with Athens. Subjection of Athens by Philip II Regarding Macedonia, Phocion's moderate stand was to avoid a confrontation which might be catastrophic for Athens. Although he had been successful in his campaigns against it, he had come to view Macedon as a rising power, and to doubt the wisdom of an Athenian foreign policy too strongly opposed to it. However, the Athenians preferred the firebrand orators who desired war. Among them were Demosthenes, Lycurgus, and Hypereides. They were particularly emboldened because Athens seemed to have sufficient military power. Philip, on the other hand, preferred not

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Q175942

Phocion

Subjection of Athens by Philip II

to go to war with Athens; he hoped instead the Athenians would consent to put their strong navy at his disposal for use against Persia. Phocion was touring the Aegean colonies when Athens commanded its generals to confront Philip. He came back and addressed the assembly, opposing this course of action. A lawyer asked him if he was defying the people's will, and Phocion responded: "Yes, even though I know that if there is war I will be your boss, and if there is peace you will be mine." Unfortunately, Athens could not be persuaded to reverse its decision. When the

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Q175942

Phocion

Subjection of Athens by Philip II

strategy to be used against Philip came under discussion, the question arose as to whether it would be better to engage in battle close to home or at a distance. Phocion advised, "Let us not ask where we should fight, but how we may win. That will be the way to keep war at a distance. If we are beaten in a distant battle, it will soon be at our doors." In the event, Athens and her allies suffered a crushing defeat at Chaeronea, in 338 BC. Then the Athenian aristocracy supported the nomination of Phocion for strategos,

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Q175942

Phocion

Subjection of Athens by Philip II

and the Areopagus passed it. Phocion delayed the inevitable garrisoning of defeated Athens as long as possible. Initially, he favored negotiating directly with Philip, who he thought could be expected to be lenient, and opposed having Athens join a congress of Greek states and be forced to accept Macedonia's common terms of peace, which were not yet known. Demades, however, offered a contrary motion, and the Athenians approved it. They soon regretted their decision, since at the congress Philip obliged the Athenians to provide him with both ships and cavalry. When the Athenians expressed remorse, Phocion said: "I was opposed to

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Q175942

Phocion

Subjection of Athens by Philip II & Relations with Alexander

the motion, fearing this. Now the deed is done, and we must make the best of it. We shouldn't be without hope, though. Our ancestors suffered similar episodes of subjection, but they carried on, and because of that both Athens and Greece as a whole survived." Later, after Philip died (336 BC), Phocion banned all celebratory sacrifice, saying: "The army which defeated us at Chaeronea has lost just one man." Relations with Alexander When the new Macedonian king, Alexander, was about to attack Thebes, Demosthenes protested impudently. Phocion interceded, with some lines of Homer: "Foolhardy man, why provoke one whose

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Q175942

Phocion

Relations with Alexander

temper is already savage? Why provoke this Macedonian who is full of limitless ambition? When there is a holocaust on our borders, do you wish to spread the flames to our city as well, by provoking him further? My whole object in taking up the burdens of this office is to prevent this, and I shall not allow my fellow citizens to destroy themselves, even if they wish it." Thebes was destroyed and Alexander demanded the handover of the most anti-Macedonian Athenians, among whom was Demosthenes. The assembly called upon Phocion repeatedly by name until he stood on his feet.

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Q175942

Phocion

Relations with Alexander

Beside him, Phocion called Nicocles, his best friend, saying: "We have been brought to a pass. I would deliver Nicocles if they might request it. We must reduce the wrath of our conqueror, rather than oppose him." Nonetheless, the Athenian Assembly passed a decree denying the demand. Then, when Alexander refused to see other Athenian ambassadors, Phocion was sent. As Phocion had been regarded as a respectable person by Philip, his son received him attentively, listening to his proposals. Alexander was persuaded to relent in his demand for the opposing Athenian politicians (even though they were enemies of Phocion as well).

{"datasets_id": 162178, "wiki_id": "Q175942", "sp": 56, "sc": 1412, "ep": 56, "ec": 2093}

Q175942

Phocion

Relations with Alexander

Indeed, Alexander asked for advice and Phocion said: "If Macedonia wishes peace, it should abandon the war. If Macedonia desires glory, it should turn against Persia, instead of oppressing Greece." Eventually, Phocion was favored by the king, even over many Macedonians. After Alexander defeated the Persian Emperor Darius III, Phocion was among the few individuals who were saluted with the word "greetings" by the king in his correspondence. During this period, Phocion maintained his policy of peace. Alexander made a request for a number of Athenian warships which Phocion supported, saying: "You should either possess superior strength or side with those that

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Q175942

Phocion

Relations with Alexander & Loss of popularity & Crisis of Polyperchon

do." Loss of popularity The aftermath of these events was that Phocion became quite unpopular. He was accused of delivering Athens to Antipater. The Athenians were particularly angry about the fate of Demosthenes, who had been banished, dying soon after. Phocion had been supported by him early in his political career, even in some capital trials. Thus, it seemed like a personal betrayal. Crisis of Polyperchon In 319 BC, before his death, Antipater chose that, instead of his own son, Cassander, General Polyperchon would be the next Macedonian ruler. Soon, Cassander began conspiring against Polyperchon. Thus, Cassander disposed that, at

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Q175942

Phocion

Crisis of Polyperchon

Munychia, Nicanor replaced Menyllus, with the order of controlling Attica. In Athens, Phocion was accused of helping such concealments of Cassander but he slighted such rumors. Indeed, Phocion met Nicanor, requesting a mild treatment for the Athenians. Also, Phocion convinced Nicanor to host the local games. The Macedonian spent lavishly on the event. Athenians were divided between two parties. Phocion was in the aristocratic one, which was on Cassander's side. The popular party supported Polyperchon. Still as strategos, Phocion began supporting Nicanor openly. He spurned an insistent rumor that Nicanor would attempt invading Athens. At Piraeus, Phocion was holding

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Q175942

Phocion

Crisis of Polyperchon

a conference with Nicanor when Athenian soldiers interrupted, to jail the Macedonian general. Nonetheless, Phocion helped his escape, declaring: "I don't believe that he would harm Athens although, still, I would defend him if he may wrong us." Subsequently, the Athenian Assembly commanded that Phocion should attack Nicanor, at Munychia. Initially, Phocion refused. Then, effectively, Nicanor used the troops of the Macedonian garrison to seize Piraeus. When Phocion decided to attack them, the Athenian soldiers had already rebelled against his command as strategos. In 318 BC, Polyperchon decided to realign Athenian politics in his own interests. Favoring the popular party,

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Q175942

Phocion

Crisis of Polyperchon & Death sentence by the Athenian Assembly

the king restored all liberties. His son, Alexander, arrived in Athens with a Macedonian army, while a rabid multitude of Athenians returned home, expecting revenge against the politicians who had exiled them. Polyperchon expected that Phocion would be forced to leave the urban center. Moreover, the Macedonians would seize complete control of Athens. Phocion was immediately deposed as strategos by an informal assembly. Death sentence by the Athenian Assembly The Athenian demagogue Agnonides accused Phocion of treachery, for he had refused to attack Nicanor. Phocion decided to meet Polyperchon personally. Phocion gathered an entourage, composed of politicians who were well

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Q175942

Phocion

Death sentence by the Athenian Assembly

regarded by the Macedonian ruler. However, their voyage was delayed by the illness of one member. During that interval, Agnonides proposed another embassy to accuse Phocion formally before the regent, and the Athenian Assembly passed the motion. Both delegations arrived simultaneously, before the Macedonian throne, at Phocis. Although the regent arrested and tortured one politician of Phocion's cortege, he expected both groups to be heard out. As many people attempted to speak simultaneously, Agnonides proposed that they all be put into a single cage and taken back to Athens to decide the issue there. Polyperchon smiled at that. When Phocion started

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Q175942

Phocion

Death sentence by the Athenian Assembly

speaking, the ruler began interrupting him so annoyingly that Phocion struck the floor with his staff and refused to utter another word. Then, Polyperchon ordered the detention of Phocion and his associates; while those closest to him were also seized, most of his embassy escaped from the court. By a written bidding, Polyperchon announced that the treacherous prisoners would be judged by the now free people of Athens. Phocion was brought back home where he was carted straight to the place of judgment. There, he waited while a massive assembly gathered. The Athenian archons conducted the proceedings. Any Athenian could participate

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Q175942

Phocion

Death sentence by the Athenian Assembly

in it, including slaves, foreigners, and those formerly disfranchised. The letter from Polyperchon was read while the entire multitude cried out against the oligarchs, who were the enemies of freedom. Phocion demanded: "Do you wish to condemn us justly? Then, you should listen to our defense." Phocion insisted: "I admit that I have wronged and deserve condemnation for my political actions. However, these other individuals don't." Some people responded that they should be condemned for being his friends. Then Phocion gave up. Subsequently, Agnonides read the condemning motion. In unison, the whole crowd rose up from their seats. Thus, Phocion and

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Q175942

Phocion

Death sentence by the Athenian Assembly & Execution

ten acquaintances were sentenced to die by drinking hemlock. Execution They were conducted to a prison, and were harassed along the way. Someone spat on Phocion's face and he said to the archons: "You should force these people to behave." When Phocion and his friends had drunk the hemlock provided, the dose proved insufficient to be lethal. The executioner refused to prepare more unless he was paid 12 drachmas. Phocion remarked, "In Athens, it is hard for a man even to die without paying for it." A friend paid the executioner the extra sum on his behalf; Phocion drank his

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Q175942

Phocion

Execution

poison and died. It was May 19, 318 BC. This coincided with the traditional Athenian parade of Zeus. It was decreed that the corpse could not be buried in Attica; neither could anyone cremate it. A hired man brought it across the Megarian frontier. There the body was burned. Phocion's wife set up an empty tomb, brought Phocion's bones and heart home by night, and buried them there. Soon afterward, the Athenians had a change of heart (which was facilitated when Cassander regained control of the city in 317 BC); the remains were properly reburied, at public charge, and a bronze

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Q175942

Phocion

Execution & Phocion "The Good"

statue was erected. Agnonides was executed; Phocion's son Phocus then tracked down and killed two other conspirators who had fled the city. Phocion "The Good" Phocion's recognized probity bestowed on him the cognomen "The Good". Phocion could have been extremely wealthy, either by his offices or by the high commissions which were managed by him. Instead, he had an extremely frugal lifestyle. This was despite the fact that the entire Athenian political class was quite corrupt in that epoch. Philip II offered much money to him and the Macedonian heralds mentioned the future needs of his sons. Phocion responded, "If my

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Q175942

Phocion

Phocion "The Good"

sons are like me, my farm, which has enabled my present eminence, will suffice for them. If, instead, they become spoiled by luxury, I will not be the individual who will be guilty for that." Alexander sent a delegation to Phocion to offer him 100 talents, but he refused, saying: "I am an honorable man. I would not harm either Alexander's reputation or mine." Then, the king further offered him the government and possession of the cities Cius, Mylasa and Elaea. Phocion refused, but did request the release of some men enslaved at Sardis, who were promptly liberated. Soon afterward,

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Q175942

Phocion

Phocion "The Good"

Alexander died (323 BC). In 322 BC, Harpalus arrived at Athens from Asia, seeking refuge. He tried to give 700 talents to Phocion, who rejected this offer. Phocion warned that he shouldn't attempt to corrupt Athens or he would be punished. Consequently, the angry Harpalus turned the whole assembly against Phocion with his bribes. However, as Phocion kept helping him (with good will but within ethical limits), Harpalus approached Phocion's son-in-law, Charicles, becoming a friend. Charicles eventually accepted a lavish commission to build a tomb for Harpalus' mistress, and was investigated for corruption. Phocion refused to help him at the trial,

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Q175942

Phocion

Phocion "The Good"

saying: "I chose you to be my son-in-law only for honorable purposes." Phocion also refused presents from Menyllus. Phocion said: "You are not a better man than Alexander, so there is no reason to accept your gifts." With his bribes, Menyllus then became a friend of Phocus.

{"datasets_id": 162179, "wiki_id": "Q3384012", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 190}

Q3384012

Pierre Billon (director)

Pierre Billon (director) Pierre Billon (born Saint-Hippolyte-du-Fort, 7 February 1901 – died Paris, 31 August 1981) was a French film director and screenwriter. In 1952 he served on the jury of the Cannes Festival.

{"datasets_id": 162180, "wiki_id": "Q19877164", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 637}

Q19877164

Port Augusta railway station

History

Port Augusta railway station History In 1878, Port Augusta became the southern terminus of a proposed line to Darwin. Under South Australian ownership the narrow gauge railway, known as the Great Northern Railway, was extended in stages and reached Oodnadatta in 1891. The South Australian Government subsequently made offers to several syndicates to construct a line north from Oodnadatta to Pine Creek on the land grant system, however negotiations were unsuccessful and Oodnadatta remained the railhead. The line passed to Commonwealth ownership on 1 January 1911, but continued to be operated by the South Australian Railways until the Commonwealth Railways took

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Q19877164

Port Augusta railway station

History

over operations on 1 January 1926. An extension of the railway to Alice Springs was completed in 1929. Between 1913 and 1917, the standard gauge Trans-Australian Railway was built from Port Augusta to Kalgoorlie in Western Australia. Thus Port Augusta became a break of gauge station until the standard gauge line was extended to Port Pirie Junction in 1937. In 1957, a new standard gauge Stirling North to Marree line was built via Leigh Creek, replacing the line via Quorn. In 1972, the Whyalla line opened to Whyalla to serve Whyalla Steelworks. In 2001, the narrow gauge line between Port Augusta

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Q19877164

Port Augusta railway station

History

and Quorn was re-opened by the Pichi Richi Railway Preservation Society. Port Augusta has long been an important railway centre, with Downer Rail having a plant in the city. Great Southern Rail's The Ghan and Indian Pacific services pass Port Augusta on the Adelaide-Port Augusta railway line but do not stop at the station.

{"datasets_id": 162181, "wiki_id": "Q7238522", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 574}

Q7238522

Prashanti Singh

Playing career

Prashanti Singh Playing career Prashanti joined the Indian Women's Basketball Team in 2002 and soon became its captain. She played as captain in 3rd Asian Indoor Games which were held in Vietnam on 30 October – 8 November 2009 where the team won a Silver medal. Prashanti won Gold Medal in South Asian Beach Games at Sri Lanka in 2011. Prashanti Singh is most decorated woman Basketball player in India. She is one of the top four A grade player of India selected and sponsored by Basketball Federation of India & IMG-Reliance. She has won 23 medals in the National Championships, National

{"datasets_id": 162181, "wiki_id": "Q7238522", "sp": 6, "sc": 574, "ep": 6, "ec": 1176}

Q7238522

Prashanti Singh

Playing career

Games and Federation Cups in India. She holds the National record of having most medals in National Championships. She is first woman Basketball player in India to represent the National team in one 2006 Commonwealth Games & two Asian Games 2010, 2014 respectively. She is also a member of the International Women's Film Forum of Asian Academy of Film & Television. Prashanti Singh is first and only Basketball Player in India who has a documentary film named B Cube (Boskey Basketball Banaras) on her own life which is selected in top xix films in the prestigious Satyajit Ray Film Festival.

{"datasets_id": 162181, "wiki_id": "Q7238522", "sp": 8, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 174}

Q7238522

Prashanti Singh

Early life and Academics

Early life and Academics Prashanti is originally from Varanasi and moved to Delhi for her career. In Delhi, she trained and joined MTNL team. She is graduate in Arts from University of Delhi, India.

{"datasets_id": 162182, "wiki_id": "Q16876086", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 608}

Q16876086

Praveen Prem

Background

Praveen Prem Background A native of Maruthoorkadavu, Trivandrum in the Indian state of Kerala, after secondary education Prem obtained a certificate in film and video editing from the state-owned Keltron. He started his film career as an assistant editor to south Indian film editor Mahesh Narayanan in 2008. He assisted him for one year on several feature and advertising films. After he left editing, Prem joined Soorya Krishnamoorthy to become part of his Soorya Theatre Group, appearing in amateur theatre plays in 2009. The two plays in which he appeared for Soorya—Pulari and Sookshmacharcha— helped in his transition to movie

{"datasets_id": 162182, "wiki_id": "Q16876086", "sp": 6, "sc": 608, "ep": 6, "ec": 848}

Q16876086

Praveen Prem

Background

acting and were staged all over Kerala and Muscat. He received his first movie approach from Malayalam director Sathyan Anthikad in 2010. He became a television anchor in 2013 on the cookery show Pacchamulaku shown on Media One TV.

{"datasets_id": 162183, "wiki_id": "Q604733", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 411}

Q604733

Presentation

Visuals

Presentation Visuals A presentation program is often used to generate the presentation content, some of which also allow presentations to be developed collaboratively, e.g. using the Internet by geographically disparate collaborators. Presentation viewers can be used to combine content from different sources into one presentation. Some of the popular presentation products used across the globe are offered by Apple and Microsoft.

{"datasets_id": 162184, "wiki_id": "Q7243305", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 333}

Q7243305

Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia

History of the office

Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia History of the office The position was established on 1 June 1979, under the terms of the Internal Settlement negotiated between the government of Rhodesia and moderate African nationalists. It existed until, under the terms of the Lancaster House Agreement, control was turned over to The Lord Soames as Governor of Southern Rhodesia on 12 December 1979.

{"datasets_id": 162185, "wiki_id": "Q453994", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 528}

Q453994

Queen angelfish

Description

Queen angelfish Description The adult queen angelfish overall body color can be described as blue to blue-green with yellow rims on its scales. Their pectoral and ventral fins are also yellow but their lips and the edges of their dorsal fins and anal fins are dark blue. Queen angelfish are also known to have blue markings around each gill cover. Juveniles have dark blue bodies with yellow lips, gills, and tail and vertical bars ranging in color from light blue to white. The colors of the juvenile fish help them to blend in with the reefs. The queen

{"datasets_id": 162185, "wiki_id": "Q453994", "sp": 6, "sc": 528, "ep": 14, "ec": 73}

Q453994

Queen angelfish

Description & Diet & Distribution

angelfish may live up to 15 years in the wild and reach up to 45 centimeters (17 inches) in length. Queen angelfish are about three and a half pounds. Diet The queen angelfish feeds primarily on sponges, but also feeds on tunicates, jellyfish, and corals as well as plankton and algae. Juveniles serve as "cleaners" and feed on the parasites of larger fish at cleaning stations. Although in home aquariums, aquarists have been successful in providing the queen angelfish a diet of meaty and algae based foods. Distribution Queen angelfish inhabit reefs and are common near Florida, especially the

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Q453994

Queen angelfish

Distribution & Reproduction

Florida Keys, and also the Bahamas and the Gulf of Mexico. It is rarely seen in the Bermuda Triangle and ranges as far south as Brazil and as North as Long Island. Reproduction The adults are found in pairs year round, perhaps suggesting a long-term monogamous bond. The pairs reproduce by rising up in the water, bringing their bellies close together, and release clouds of sperm and eggs. The female can release anywhere from 25 to 75 thousand eggs each evening and as many as ten million eggs during each spawning cycle. The eggs are transparent, buoyant, and pelagic, floating

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Q453994

Queen angelfish

Reproduction & In aquaria

in the water column. They hatch after 15 to 20 hours into larvae that lack effective eyes, fins, or even a gut. The large yolk sac is absorbed after 48 hours, during which time the larvae develop normal characteristics of free swimming fish. Larvae are found in the water column and feed on plankton. The larvae grow rapidly and about 3–4 weeks after hatching the 15–20 millimetres (0.6–0.8 in) long juvenile settles on the bottom. In aquaria The queen angelfish is considered to be moderate in difficulty to keep in captivity and is ill-suited for the inexperienced aquarist. They are a

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Q453994

Queen angelfish

In aquaria & Parasites

moderately aggressive species that require a large aquarium. Most aquarists recommend a minimum tank size anywhere from 150 on up to 180 gallons. The queen angelfish may harass other fish, particularly similar sized angelfishes. It should be the last fish added to any system. It is not a reef safe fish, and larger specimens may nip at corals, particularly stony or soft ones, and ornamental invertebrates. Parasites As other fish, the queen angelfish has a variety of parasites. One of them is the monogenean Microcotyle angelichthys, which is parasitic on its gills.

{"datasets_id": 162186, "wiki_id": "Q17199178", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 582}

Q17199178

Røldal (municipality)

History

Røldal (municipality) History Historically, the Røldal area was part of the parish of Suldal (to the south), with Røldal being an annex to the main parish. Suldal and Røldal each had their own churches, but they shared a priest since Røldal was a sparsely populated area and could not support their own priest. Suldal was located in Stavanger county and Røldal was located in Søndre Bergenhus county. This arrangement was not a problem until 1837 when the formannskapsdistrikt law was passed. The law called for each parish to become a municipality led by a self-governing council. It also said that each

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Q17199178

Røldal (municipality)

History & Name

municipality must be within one county, not two. Therefore, Suldal and Røldal had to be divided and starting on 1 January 1838, Røldal became its own municipality. The sparsely-populated municipality existed until 1 January 1964 when Røldal (population: 676) was merged into the neighboring municipality of Odda (population: 9,487). Name The municipality was named after the main village in the parish, Røldal. The village in turn was named after the valley in which it is located. The Old Norse form of the name might have been Rœrgudalr. The first element would then be the genitive case of the local rivername

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Q17199178

Røldal (municipality)

Name

Røyrga (derived from røyrr which means 'rocky ground') and the last element is dalr which means 'dale' or 'valley'.

{"datasets_id": 162187, "wiki_id": "Q434138", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 68}

Q434138

Rachel Pollack

Tarot reading & Comics

Rachel Pollack Tarot reading Pollack has written a book-length exposition of Salvador Dali's Tarot deck, comprising a full-page color plate for each card, with her commentary on the facing page. Pollack's work 78 Degrees of Wisdom on Tarot reading is commonly referenced by Tarot readers. She has created her own Tarot deck, Shining Woman Tarot (later Shining Tribe Tarot). She also aided in the creation of the Vertigo Tarot Deck with illustrator Dave McKean and author Neil Gaiman, and she wrote a book to accompany it. Comics Pollack is well known for her run of issues 64–87 (1993-1995) on the

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Q434138

Rachel Pollack

Comics

comic book Doom Patrol, on DC Comics' Vertigo imprint,, a continuation of a 1960s comic which had recently became a cult favorite under Grant Morrison. She took over the series in 1993 after meeting editor Tom Peyer at a party, telling him it was the only monthly comic book she would want to write at the time, and sending him a sample script. Towards the end of Morrison's run Pollack began writing monthly "letters to the editor" in what she describes as a "gee-whiz fangirl" voice asking to take over the book when Morrison was finished. In the final letter

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Q434138

Rachel Pollack

Comics

she claims that she had already told her mother that she had been given the job. Peyer then used that response to that letter to officially announce that Pollack was, in fact, taking over the book. As a result of these letters being printed in the letter column of Doom Patrol issues some people seem to believe that the letters are the way she actually got the job. During her tenure Pollack dealt with such rarely addressed comic-book topics as menstruation, sexual identity, and transsexuality. Pollack's run ended two years later, with the book's cancellation. In addition to Doom Patrol, Pollack

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Q434138

Rachel Pollack

Comics

has written issues of the Vertigo Visions anthology featuring Brother Power the Geek (1993) and Tomahawk (1998), the first 11 issues of the fourth volume of New Gods (1995), and the five issue limited series Time Breakers (1996) for the short lived Helix imprint. Author Neil Gaiman has sometimes consulted Rachel Pollack on the tarot for his stories. Pollack created an actual tarot spread for one of Gaiman's books. In 2019 it was announced that Pollack was reuniting with Doom Patrol artist Richard Case and letterer John Workman to create a short story--titled "Snake Song"--for the Kickstarter funded "music themed horror anthology"

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Q434138

Rachel Pollack

Comics & Fiction

Dead Beats. Fiction Three of Pollack's novels have won or been nominated for major awards in the science fiction and fantasy field: Unquenchable Fire won the 1989 Arthur C. Clarke Award; Godmother Night won the 1997 World Fantasy Award, was shortlisted for the James Tiptree, Jr. Award, and was nominated for a Lambda Award; Temporary Agency was nominated for the 1995 Nebula Award and the Mythopoeic Award, and shortlisted for the Tiptree. Her magical realism novels explore worlds imbued with elements pulled from a number of traditions, faiths, and religions. Several of her novels are set in an alternative reality that

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Rachel Pollack

Fiction & Nonfiction & Influences

resembles modern America, but an America of Bright Beings, where magic and ritual, religion and thaumaturgy are the norms. Nonfiction Her book The Body Of The Goddess is an exploration of the history of the Goddess. Rachel Pollack uses the image of the Goddess in many of her works. Influences Pollack is Jewish, and has frequently written about the Kabbalah, most notably in The Kabbalah Tree. Pollack is a transsexual woman and has written frequently on transgender issues. In Doom Patrol she introduced Coagula, a transsexual character. She has also written several essays on transsexualism, attacking the notion that it is

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Rachel Pollack

Influences

a "sickness," instead saying that it is a passion. She has emphasized the revelatory aspects of transsexualism, saying that "the trance-sexual [sic] woman sacrifices her social identity as a male, her personal history, and finally the very shape of her body to a knowledge, a desire, which overpowers all rational understanding and proof." A Secret Woman features a police detective who is transgender and Jewish. The detective utters the prayer, "Blessed art thou oh G-d who made me not a woman. Double blessed is Doctor Green who has." Rachel Pollack created the characters known as 'the bandage people' for her

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Rachel Pollack

Influences & Teaching

Doom Patrol run. The bandage people are 'sexually remaindered spirits' who died in sexual accidents. The initials srs came from the medical term 'sex reassignment surgery'. Rachel wrote the essay "The Transsexual Book of The Dead" for the anthology Phallus Palace. This article is concerning trans men. Fairy tales such as the Brothers Grimm have influenced many of Pollack's writings. Her new book, Tarot of Perfection, is a book of fairy tales based on the tarot. Teaching For nearly 20 years Pollack has been teaching seminars with Tarot author Mary K. Greer at the Omega Institute, in Rhinebeck, New York.

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Rachel Pollack

Teaching

She has also done seminars for several years in California in conjunction with Greer, and she co-presented a breakthrough seminar with Tarot author Johanna Gargiulo-Sherman on Tarot and psychic ability, using her own Shining Tribe Tarot and Gargulio-Sherman's Sacred Rose Tarot. Pollack is also a popular lecturer at Tarot seminars and symposiums such as LATS (Los Angeles Tarot Symposium), BATS (Bay Area Tarot Symposium), and the Readers Studio. Pollack currently teaches creative writing at Goddard College. Her most recent work is included in the anthology called Interfictions: An Anthology of Interstitial Writing edited by Theodora Goss. Pollack has taught English

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Rachel Pollack

Teaching & Cancer

at State University of New York. Cancer In May 2015, Pollack was diagnosed with lymphatic cancer. By late summer the cancer had responded to treatment and was in remission.

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Q15262059

Rahul Bhat

Career

Rahul Bhat Career Bhat played the role of Sameer on the television serial Heena, which aired for almost five years. He also played a very small role in the serial Jai Hanuman directed by Sanjay Khan. Further, Bhat made his film debut in Yeh Mohabbat Hai, followed by the comedy Nayee Padosan. He then became a television producer, launching Filmtonic Entertainment in 2007 with the serial Meri Doli Tere Angana. This was followed by Chu Kar Mere Manko and Tum Dena Saath Mera. Bhat returned to acting in Anurag Kashyap's film Ugly.

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Q7305578

Redcort Software

History & Products & Recognition

Redcort Software History In late 1997, Redcort Development (then a regional technology consulting firm) launched the redcort.com web site. Products Virtual TimeClock is employee time clock software that enables businesses to track employee time and attendance, simplify payroll, manage labor costs, and track attendance compliance. It is a software alternative to mechanical employee time clocks and paper time card systems. Recognition Redcort Software's products are routinely mentioned by Apple Inc. in their Apple Business Profiles, and reviewed in leading industry computer magazines like MacLife, Macworld, and CPA Technology Advisor.

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Q15296809

Renealmia alpinia

Biochemistry & Biogeography

Renealmia alpinia Biochemistry Zhou et al. (1997) of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University identified three diterpenes produced by R. alpinia: 11-hydroxy-8(17),12(E)-labdadien-15,-16-dial 11,15-hemiacetal (1) and 16-oxo-8(17),12(E)-labdadien-15-oic acid (2), which are labdane diterpenes, and 8(17),12(E)-labdadien-15,16-dial (3). The team performed these assays on the basis of reports that R. alpinia may be antipyretic (fever-reducing). Biogeography In Mexico, wild R. alpinia populations have been found in the southern states of Chiapas, Oaxaca, and Veracruz. It also grows on the Caribbean islands of Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, St. Kitts, Nevis, Trinidad, and Tobago. In Central America, it grows in Belize, Costa

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Q15296809

Renealmia alpinia

Biogeography

Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Panama. In South America, it is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.

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Q3933343

Rescue Rover

Plot & Gameplay

Rescue Rover Plot Roger and Rover are the two main characters. Rover the dog is frequently kidnapped by robots. The player, Roger the owner, must enter robot territory and get him back, hence the name "Rescue Rover". Gameplay Each level starts with Roger climbing up a ladder set into the floor, and the player completes the level by arriving back at this ladder with Rover - at which point Roger climbs down with Rover. Gameplay involves getting Rover out repeatedly in a set of increasingly difficult levels, by moving objects around in a grid to open up a path to

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Q3933343

Rescue Rover

Gameplay

get to the dog and then bring it back out. There are four different types of robot in the game, each with different behaviour. One type shoots Roger if he stands in front of it, but doesn't move, another type runs around and shoots Roger if he is seen, another type chases Roger around, and the last type runs around and kills Roger if it runs into him. To get to Rover, the player must normally avoid, trap or destroy them. There are various items which Roger can push around in the world: crates (which float on water), mirror blocks

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Q3933343

Rescue Rover

Gameplay & Development

(which reflect lasers at an angle), star pearls and anti-gravity carts. Other items in the areas are grated floors (which robots cannot travel on), glowing floors (which Roger cannot travel on), water (including moving water in which crates float with the current), laser projectors, teleporters and force doors (which need an access card in order to be opened). Development Recue Rover had its programming origins in an aborted Super Mario Bros. 3 port that id proposed to Nintendo. Though Nintendo declined, the advances that it made in that demo aided development of their later projects, including Commander Keen and

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Q3933343

Rescue Rover

Development & Release & Reception

Rescue Rover. Release Rescue Rover was released in 1991. In 1997, it was included in an anthology of all id's games to date. Reception David Kushner, in Masters of Doom, called it "a clever maze game" and cited it as an example of an emerging trend in id's games: darkly humorous violence. Travis Fahs of IGN wrote, "While it wasn't one of id's more impressive games, Rover had a following, and id would create a sequel a few months later." In a 2008 IGN reader poll about their favorite early id game, Rescue Rover received one vote.

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Q18167633

Riddell v Porteous

Background

Riddell v Porteous Background The Bagleys hired Riddell on a "labour only" basis to build their house in Mosgiel based on plans drawn up by Bagley's architect. After the house was completed, it was discovered that Riddell had departed from the approved plans as far as the deck was concerned, resulting in rainwater seeping into their house. This departure from the plans escaped the councils building inspector. However, before this defect came to their notice, the Bagleys had sold their house to Porteous, who soon discovered the defect. Porteous subsequently sued Riddell, the Dunedin City Council, and the Bagleys as well, and was

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Q18167633

Riddell v Porteous

Background & Held

originally awarded $21,200 in damages by the District Court. On appeal, the High Court set aside this award. Held The Court of Appeal reinstated the District Court's original judgement.